Association of Climatic Variability, Vector Population and Malarial Disease in District of Visakhapatnam, India: A Modeling and Prediction Analysis

PubMed Central

Srimath-Tirumula-Peddinti, Ravi Chandra Pavan Kumar; Neelapu, Nageswara Rao Reddy; Sidagam, Naresh

2015-01-01

Background Malarial incidence, severity, dynamics and distribution of malaria are strongly determined by climatic factors, i.e., temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity. The objectives of the current study were to analyse and model the relationships among climate, vector and malaria disease in district of Visakhapatnam, India to understand malaria transmission mechanism (MTM). Methodology Epidemiological, vector and climate data were analysed for the years 2005 to 2011 in Visakhapatnam to understand the magnitude, trends and seasonal patterns of the malarial disease. Statistical software MINITAB ver. 14 was used for performing correlation, linear and multiple regression analysis. Results/Findings Perennial malaria disease incidence and mosquito population was observed in the district of Visakhapatnam with peaks in seasons. All the climatic variables have a significant influence on disease incidence as well as on mosquito populations. Correlation coefficient analysis, seasonal index and seasonal analysis demonstrated significant relationships among climatic factors, mosquito population and malaria disease incidence in the district of Visakhapatnam, India. Multiple regression and ARIMA (I) models are best suited models for modeling and prediction of disease incidences and mosquito population. Predicted values of average temperature, mosquito population and malarial cases increased along with the year. Developed MTM algorithm observed a major MTM cycle following the June to August rains and occurring between June to September and minor MTM cycles following March to April rains and occurring between March to April in the district of Visakhapatnam. Fluctuations in climatic factors favored an increase in mosquito populations and thereby increasing the number of malarial cases. Rainfall, temperatures (20°C to 33°C) and humidity (66% to 81%) maintained a warmer, wetter climate for mosquito growth, parasite development and malaria transmission. Conclusions/Significance Changes in climatic factors influence malaria directly by modifying the behaviour and geographical distribution of vectors and by changing the length of the life cycle of the parasite. PMID:26110279

New results on equatorial thermospheric winds and temperatures from Ethiopia, Africa

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tesema, Fasil; Mesquita, Rafael; Meriwether, John; Damtie, Baylie; Nigussie, Melessew; Makela, Jonathan; Fisher, Daniel; Harding, Brian; Yizengaw, Endawoke; Sanders, Samuel

2017-03-01

Measurements of equatorial thermospheric winds, temperatures, and 630 nm relative intensities were obtained using an imaging Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI), which was recently deployed at Bahir Dar University in Ethiopia (11.6° N, 37.4° E, 3.7° N magnetic). The results obtained in this study cover 6 months (53 nights of useable data) between November 2015 and April 2016. The monthly-averaged values, which include local winter and equinox seasons, show the magnitude of the maximum monthly-averaged zonal wind is typically within the range of 70 to 90 ms-1 and is eastward between 19:00 and 21:00 LT. Compared to prior studies of the equatorial thermospheric wind for this local time period, the magnitude is considerably weaker as compared to the maximum zonal wind speed observed in the Peruvian sector but comparable to Brazilian FPI results. During the early evening, the meridional wind speeds are 30 to 50 ms-1 poleward during the winter months and 10 to 25 ms-1 equatorward in the equinox months. The direction of the poleward wind during the winter months is believed to be mainly caused by the existence of the interhemispheric wind flow from the summer to winter hemispheres. An equatorial wind surge is observed later in the evening and is shifted to later local times during the winter months and to earlier local times during the equinox months. Significant night-to-night variations are also observed in the maximum speed of both zonal and meridional winds. The temperature observations show the midnight temperature maximum (MTM) to be generally present between 00:30 and 02:00 LT. The amplitude of the MTM was ˜ 110 K in January 2016 with values smaller than this in the other months. The local time difference between the appearance of the MTM and a pre-midnight equatorial wind was generally 60 to 180 min. A meridional wind reversal was also observed after the appearance of the MTM (after 02:00 LT). Climatological models, HWM14 and MSIS-00, were compared to the observations and the HWM14 model generally predicted the zonal wind observations well with the exception of higher model values by 25 ms-1 in the winter months. The HWM14 model meridional wind showed generally good agreement with the observations. Finally, the MSIS-00 model overestimated the temperature by 50 to 75 K during the early evening hours of local winter months. Otherwise, the agreement was generally good, although, in line with prior studies, the model failed to reproduce the MTM peak for any of the 6 months compared with the FPI data.

Chronic cardiovascular disease mortality in mountaintop mining areas of central Appalachian states.

PubMed

Esch, Laura; Hendryx, Michael

2011-01-01

To determine if chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates are higher among residents of mountaintop mining (MTM) areas compared to mining and nonmining areas, and to examine the association between greater levels of MTM surface mining and CVD mortality. Age-adjusted chronic CVD mortality rates from 1999 to 2006 for counties in 4 Appalachian states where MTM occurs (N = 404) were linked with county coal mining data. Three groups of counties were compared: MTM, coal mining but not MTM, and nonmining. Covariates included smoking rate, rural-urban status, percent male population, primary care physician supply, obesity rate, diabetes rate, poverty rate, race/ethnicity rates, high school and college education rates, and Appalachian county. Linear regression analyses examined the association of mortality rates with mining in MTM areas and non-MTM areas and the association of mortality with quantity of surface coal mined in MTM areas. Prior to covariate adjustment, chronic CVD mortality rates were significantly higher in both mining areas compared to nonmining areas and significantly highest in MTM areas. After adjustment, mortality rates in MTM areas remained significantly higher and increased as a function of greater levels of surface mining. Higher obesity and poverty rates and lower college education rates also significantly predicted CVD mortality overall and in rural counties. MTM activity is significantly associated with elevated chronic CVD mortality rates. Future research is necessary to examine the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of MTM on health to reduce health disparities in rural coal mining areas. © 2011 National Rural Health Association.

Potential Health Implications of Medication Therapy Management Eligibility Criteria in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Across Racial and Ethnic Groups.

PubMed

Wang, Junling; Qiao, Yanru; Shih, Ya-Chen Tina; Jarrett-Jamison, JoEllen; Spivey, Christina A; Wan, Jim Y; White-Means, Shelley I; Dagogo-Jack, Samuel; Cushman, William C; Chisholm-Burns, Marie

2015-11-01

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act requires Part D plans to establish programs to provide medication therapy management (MTM) services starting from 2006. MTM services have been found to improve patient outcomes from pharmacotherapy, reduce emergency room visits and hospitalizations, and reduce health care costs in a cost-effective fashion. However, previous research found that non-Hispanic blacks (blacks) and Hispanics may be less likely to be eligible for MTM services than non-Hispanic whites (whites) among the Medicare population, according to current Medicare MTM eligibility criteria. This finding is because Medicare MTM eligibility criteria are predominantly based on medication use and costs, and blacks and Hispanics tend to use fewer prescription medications and incur lower prescription medication costs. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) laid out a set of MTM eligibility criteria for eligible entities to target patients for MTM services: "(1) take 4 or more prescribed medications ...; (2) take any 'high risk' medications; (3) have 2 or more chronic diseases ... or (4) have undergone a transition of care, or other factors ... that are likely to create a high risk of medication-related problems." To (a) examine racial/ethnic disparities in meeting the eligibility criteria for MTM services in PPACA among the Medicare population and (b) determine whether there would be greater disparities in health and economic outcomes among MTM-ineligible than MTM-eligible groups. This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the Medicare Current Beneficiaries Survey (2007-2008). To determine medication characteristics, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Electronic Orange Book was also used. Proportions of the population eligible for MTM services based on PPACA MTM eligibility criteria were compared across racial and ethnic groups using a chi-square test; a logistic regression model was used to adjust for population sociodemographic and health characteristics. Health and economic outcomes examined included health status (self-perceived good health status, number of chronic diseases, activities of daily living [ADLs], and instrumental activities of daily living [IADLs]), health services utilization and costs (physician visits, emergency room visits, and total health care costs), and medication use patterns (generic dispensing ratio). To determine difference in disparities across MTM eligibility categories, difference-in-differences regressions of various functional forms were employed, depending on the nature of the dependent variables. Interaction terms between the dummy variables for minority groups (e.g., blacks or Hispanics) and MTM eligibility were included to test whether disparity patterns varied between MTM-ineligible and MTM-eligible individuals. The sample consisted of 12,966 Medicare beneficiaries, of which 11,161 were white, 930 were black, and 875 were Hispanic. Of the study sample, 9,992 whites (86.4%), 825 blacks (86.3%), and 733 Hispanics (80.6%) were eligible for MTM. The difference between whites and Hispanics was significant (P  less than  0.050), and the difference between whites and blacks was not significant (P  greater than 0.050). In multivariate analyses, significant disparity in eligibility for MTM services was found only between Hispanics and whites (odds ratio [OR] = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.43-0.82) but not between blacks and whites (OR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.55-1.09). Disparities were greater among the MTM-ineligible than the MTM-eligible populations in self-perceived health status, ADLs, and IADLs for both blacks and Hispanics compared with whites. When analyzing the number of chronic conditions, the number and costs of physician visits, and total health care costs, the authors of this study found lower racial and ethnic disparities among the ineligible population than the eligible population. Hispanics are significantly less likely than whites to qualify for MTM among the Medicare population, according to MTM eligibility criteria stipulated in the PPACA. PPACA MTM eligibility criteria may aggravate existing racial and ethnic disparities in health status but may remediate racial and ethnic disparities in health services utilization. Alternative MTM eligibility criteria other than PPACA MTM eligibility criteria may be needed to improve the efficiency and equity of access to Medicare Part D MTM programs.

Pharmacy technician involvement in community pharmacy medication therapy management.

PubMed

Lengel, Matthew; Kuhn, Catherine H; Worley, Marcia; Wehr, Allison M; McAuley, James W

To assess the impact of technician involvement on the completion of medication therapy management (MTM) services in a community pharmacy setting and to describe pharmacists' and technicians' perceptions of technician involvement in MTM-related tasks and their satisfaction with the technician's role in MTM. Prospective observational study. In the fall of 2015, pharmacists and selected technicians from 32 grocery store-based community pharmacies were trained to use technicians within MTM services. Completed MTM claims were evaluated at all pharmacies for 3 months before training and 3 months after training. An electronic survey, developed with the use of competencies taught in the training and relevant published literature, was distributed via e-mail to trained employees 3 months after training. The total number of completed MTM claims at the 32 pharmacy sites was higher during the posttraining time period (2687 claims) versus the pretraining period (1735 claims). Of the 182 trained participants, 112 (61.5%) completed the survey. Overall, perceived technician involvement was lower than expected. However, identifying MTM opportunities was the most commonly reported technician MTM task, with 62.5% of technicians and 47.2% of pharmacists reporting technician involvement. Nearly one-half of technicians (42.5%) and pharmacists (44.0%) agreed or strongly agreed they were satisfied with the technician's role in MTM services, and 40.0% of technicians agreed that they were more satisfied with their work in the pharmacy after involvement in MTM. Three months after initial training of technicians in MTM, participation of technicians was lower than expected. However, the technicians involved most often reported identifying MTM opportunities for pharmacists, which may be a focus for future technician trainings. In addition, technician involvement in MTM services may increase satisfaction with many aspects of work for actively involved technicians. Copyright © 2018 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Use of manometric temperature measurement (MTM) and SMART freeze dryer technology for development of an optimized freeze-drying cycle.

PubMed

Gieseler, Henning; Kramer, Tony; Pikal, Michael J

2007-12-01

This report provides, for the first time, a summary of experiments using SMART Freeze Dryer technology during a 9 month testing period. A minimum ice sublimation area of about 300 cm(2) for the laboratory freeze dryer, with a chamber volume 107.5 L, was found consistent with data obtained during previous experiments with a smaller freeze dryer (52 L). Good reproducibility was found for cycle design with different type of excipients, formulations, and vials used. SMART primary drying end point estimates were accurate in the majority of the experiments, but showed an over prediction of primary cycle time when the product did not fully achieve steady state conditions before the first MTM measurement was performed. Product resistance data for 5% sucrose mixtures at varying fill depths were very reproducible. Product temperature determined by SMART was typically in good agreement with thermocouple data through about 50% of primary drying time, with significant deviations occurring near the end of primary drying, as expected, but showing a bias much earlier in primary drying for high solid content formulations (16.6% Pfizer product) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (40 kDa) likely due to water "re-adsorption" by the amorphous product during the MTM test. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Positioning and integrating medication therapy management.

PubMed

Schommer, Jon C; Doucette, William R; Johnson, Kathleen A; Planas, Lourdes G

2012-01-01

To summarize findings from medication therapy management (MTM) "environmental scans" conducted from 2007 through 2010, interpret findings from the environmental scans using insights gained from the Future of MTM Roundtable convened in October 2010, and propose ideas for future positioning and integrating of MTM programs in the U.S. health care system. Data for the environmental scans were collected from purposive samples of MTM pharmacist providers and MTM payers throughout the United States using self-administered online surveys in 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010. Based on the findings, it appears that MTM is becoming more developed and that some aspects of MTM have become established within the organizations that are providing and paying for these programs. However, the findings also revealed that a need exists to better integrate MTM between organizations and patients serviced (business-to-consumer relationships), between partnering organizations (business-to-business relationships), and between collaborating practitioners (peer-to-peer relationships). The findings suggest that a "channel of distribution" is emerging in which organizational relationships and cost efficiencies will be important considerations in the near term. We propose that applying (1) customer portfolio management and (2) transaction cost economics would help improve positioning and integrating MTM into the U.S. health care system.

Drosophila Mtm and class II PI3K coregulate a PI(3)P pool with cortical and endolysosomal functions.

PubMed

Velichkova, Michaella; Juan, Joe; Kadandale, Pavan; Jean, Steve; Ribeiro, Inês; Raman, Vignesh; Stefan, Chris; Kiger, Amy A

2010-08-09

Reversible phosphoinositide phosphorylation provides a dynamic membrane code that balances opposing cell functions. However, in vivo regulatory relationships between specific kinases, phosphatases, and phosphoinositide subpools are not clear. We identified myotubularin (mtm), a Drosophila melanogaster MTM1/MTMR2 phosphoinositide phosphatase, as necessary and sufficient for immune cell protrusion formation and recruitment to wounds. Mtm-mediated turnover of endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) pools generated by both class II and III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (Pi3K68D and Vps34, respectively) is needed to down-regulate membrane influx, promote efflux, and maintain endolysosomal homeostasis. Endocytosis, but not endolysosomal size, contributes to cortical remodeling by mtm function. We propose that Mtm-dependent regulation of an endosomal PI(3)P pool has separable consequences for endolysosomal homeostasis and cortical remodeling. Pi3K68D depletion (but not Vps34) rescues protrusion and distribution defects in mtm-deficient immune cells and restores functions in other tissues essential for viability. The broad interactions between mtm and class II Pi3K68D suggest a novel strategy for rebalancing PI(3)P-mediated cell functions in MTM-related human disease.

Navigating complex patients using an innovative tool: the MTM Spider Web.

PubMed

Morello, Candis M; Hirsch, Jan D; Lee, Kelly C

2013-01-01

To introduce a teaching tool that can be used to assess the complexity of medication therapy management (MTM) patients, prioritize appropriate interventions, and design patient-centered care plans for each encounter. MTM patients are complex as a result of multiple comorbidities, medications, and socioeconomic and behavioral issues. Pharmacists who provide MTM services are required to synthesize a plethora of information (medical and nonmedical), evaluate and prioritize the clinical problems, and design a comprehensive patient-centered care plan. The MTM Spider Web is a visual tool to facilitate this process. A description is provided regarding how to build the MTM Spider Web using case-based scenarios. This model can be used to teach pharmacists, health professional students, and patients. The MTM Spider Web is an innovative teaching tool that can be used to teach pharmacists and students how to assess complex patients and design a patient-centered care plan to deliver the most appropriate medication therapy.

75 FR 440 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 91625

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-10-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 91625] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 91625 AGENCY: Bureau of Land... for reinstatement of noncompetitive oil and gas lease MTM 91625, Musselshell County, Montana. The...

75 FR 76753 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 91627

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-09

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-11-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 91627] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 91627 AGENCY: Bureau of Land... for reinstatement of noncompetitive oil and gas lease MTM 91627, Musselshell County, Montana. The...

Generating demand for pharmacist-provided medication therapy management: identifying patient-preferred marketing strategies.

PubMed

Garcia, Gladys M; Snyder, Margie E; McGrath, Stephanie Harriman; Smith, Randall B; McGivney, Melissa Somma

2009-01-01

To identify effective strategies for marketing pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) services to patients in a self-insured employer setting. Qualitative study. University of Pittsburgh during March through May 2008. 26 university employees taking at least one chronic medication. Three focus group sessions were conducted using a semistructured topic guide to facilitate the discussion. Employees' perceived medication-related needs, perceived benefits of pharmacist-provided MTM, potential barriers for employee participation in MTM, and effective strategies for marketing MTM. Participants reported concerns with timing of doses, medication costs, access, and ensuring adherence. Participants generally felt positively toward pharmacists; however, the level of reported patient contact with pharmacists varied among participants. Some participants questioned pharmacists' education and qualifications for this enhanced role in patient care. Perceived benefits of MTM noted by participants included the opportunity to obtain personalized information about their medications and the potential for improved communication among their health providers. Barriers to patient participation were out-of-pocket costs and lack of time for MTM visits. Participants suggested use of alternative words to describe MTM and marketing approaches that involve personal contact. Pharmacists should emphasize parts of MTM that patients feel are most beneficial (i.e., provision of a personal medication record) and use patient-friendly language to describe MTM when marketing their practice. Patients will need greater exposure to the concept of MTM and the pharmacists' role in order to correctly describe and assign value to this type of pharmacist patient care practice.

Trends in Medicare Part D Medication Therapy Management Eligibility Criteria

PubMed Central

Wang, Junling; Shih, Ya-Chen Tina; Qin, Yolanda; Young, Theo; Thomas, Zachary; Spivey, Christina A.; Solomon, David K.; Chisholm-Burns, Marie

2015-01-01

Background To increase the enrollment rate of medication therapy management (MTM) programs in Medicare Part D plans, the US Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) lowered the allowable eligibility thresholds based on the number of chronic diseases and Part D drugs for Medicare Part D plans for 2010 and after. However, an increase in MTM enrollment rates has not been realized. Objectives To describe trends in MTM eligibility thresholds used by Medicare Part D plans and to identify patterns that may hinder enrollment in MTM programs. Methods This study analyzed data extracted from the Medicare Part D MTM Programs Fact Sheets (2008–2014). The annual percentages of utilizing each threshold value of the number of chronic diseases and Part D drugs, as well as other aspects of MTM enrollment practices, were analyzed among Medicare MTM programs that were established by Medicare Part D plans. Results For 2010 and after, increased proportions of Medicare Part D plans set their eligibility thresholds at the maximum numbers allowable. For example, in 2008, 48.7% of Medicare Part D plans (N = 347:712) opened MTM enrollment to Medicare beneficiaries with only 2 chronic disease states (specific diseases varied between plans), whereas the other half restricted enrollment to patients with a minimum of 3 to 5 chronic disease states. After 2010, only approximately 20% of plans opened their MTM enrollment to patients with 2 chronic disease states, with the remaining 80% restricting enrollment to patients with 3 or more chronic diseases. Conclusion The policy change by CMS for 2010 and after is associated with increased proportions of plans setting their MTM eligibility thresholds at the maximum numbers allowable. Changes to the eligibility thresholds by Medicare Part D plans might have acted as a barrier for increased MTM enrollment. Thus, CMS may need to identify alternative strategies to increase MTM enrollment in Medicare plans. PMID:26380030

76 FR 10389 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas lease MTM 96122

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-24

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-11-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 96122] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas lease MTM 96122 AGENCY: Bureau of Land... filed a petition for reinstatement of competitive oil and gas lease MTM 96122, Richland County, Montana...

76 FR 54484 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98742

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-01

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-11-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 98742] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98742 AGENCY: Bureau of Land... petition for reinstatement of competitive oil and gas lease MTM 98742, Fergus County, Montana. The lessee...

75 FR 63855 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98742, Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-18

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-10-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 98742] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98742, Montana AGENCY: Bureau of... lease MTM 98742, for land in Fergus County, Montana. The lessee paid the required rental accruing from...

75 FR 30059 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98343

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-28

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-10-L13100000-FI0000-P; MTM 98343] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 98343 AGENCY: Bureau of Land... petition for reinstatement of competitive oil and gas lease MTM 98343, Fergus County, Montana. The lessee...

75 FR 43553 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 97827, Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-26

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMT922200-10-L13100000-FI0000-P;MTM 97827] Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 97827, Montana AGENCY: Bureau of... and gas lease MTM 97827, Carbon County, Montana. The lessee paid the required rental accruing from the...

Physicians' Preferences for Communication of Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Management in Community Pharmacy.

PubMed

Guthrie, Kendall D; Stoner, Steven C; Hartwig, D Matthew; May, Justin R; Nicolaus, Sara E; Schramm, Andrew M; DiDonato, Kristen L

2017-02-01

(1) To identify physicians' preferences in regard to pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) communication in the community pharmacy setting; (2) to identify physicians' perceived barriers to communicating with a pharmacist regarding MTM; and (3) to determine whether Missouri physicians feel MTM is beneficial for their patients. A cross-sectional prospective survey study of 2021 family and general practice physicians registered with MO HealthNet, Missouri's Medicaid program. The majority (52.8%) of physicians preferred MTM data to be communicated via fax. Most physicians who provided care to patients in long-term care (LTC) facilities (81.0%) preferred to be contacted at their practice location as opposed to the LTC facility. The greatest barriers to communication were lack of time and inefficient communication practices. Improved/enhanced communication was the most common suggestion for improvement in the MTM process. Approximately 67% of respondents reported MTM as beneficial or somewhat beneficial for their patients. Survey respondents saw value in the MTM services offered by pharmacists. However, pharmacists should use the identified preferences and barriers to improve their currently utilized communication practices in hopes of increasing acceptance of recommendations. Ultimately, this may assist MTM providers in working collaboratively with patients' physicians.

Optimization of PET-MR Registrations for Nonhuman Primates Using Mutual Information Measures: A Multi-Transform Method (MTM)

PubMed Central

Sandiego, Christine M.; Weinzimmer, David; Carson, Richard E.

2012-01-01

An important step in PET brain kinetic analysis is the registration of functional data to an anatomical MR image. Typically, PET-MR registrations in nonhuman primate neuroreceptor studies used PET images acquired early post-injection, (e.g., 0–10 min) to closely resemble the subject’s MR image. However, a substantial fraction of these registrations (~25%) fail due to the differences in kinetics and distribution for various radiotracer studies and conditions (e.g., blocking studies). The Multi-Transform Method (MTM) was developed to improve the success of registrations between PET and MR images. Two algorithms were evaluated, MTM-I and MTM-II. The approach involves creating multiple transformations by registering PET images of different time intervals, from a dynamic study, to a single reference (i.e., MR image) (MTM-I) or to multiple reference images (i.e., MR and PET images pre-registered to the MR) (MTM-II). Normalized mutual information was used to compute similarity between the transformed PET images and the reference image(s) to choose the optimal transformation. This final transformation is used to map the dynamic dataset into the animal’s anatomical MR space, required for kinetic analysis. The chosen transformed from MTM-I and MTM-II were evaluated using visual rating scores to assess the quality of spatial alignment between the resliced PET and reference. One hundred twenty PET datasets involving eleven different tracers from 3 different scanners were used to evaluate the MTM algorithms. Studies were performed with baboons and rhesus monkeys on the HR+, HRRT, and Focus-220. Successful transformations increased from 77.5%, 85.8%, to 96.7% using the 0–10 min method, MTM-I, and MTM-II, respectively, based on visual rating scores. The Multi-Transform Methods proved to be a robust technique for PET-MR registrations for a wide range of PET studies. PMID:22926293

NS001MS - Landsat-D thematic mapper band aircraft scanner

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Richard, R. R.; Merkel, R. F.; Meeks, G. R.

1978-01-01

The thematic mapper is a multispectral scanner which will be launched aboard Landsat-D in the early 1980s. Compared with previous Landsat scanners, this instrument will have an improved spatial resolution (30 m) and new spectral bands. Designated NS001MS, the scanner is designed to duplicate the thematic mapper spectral bands plus two additional bands (1.0 to 1.3 microns and 2.08 to 2.35 microns) in an aircraft scanner for evaluation and investigation prior to design and launch of the final thematic mapper. Applicable specifications used in defining the thematic mapper were retained in the NS001MS design, primarily with respect to spectral bandwidths, noise equivalent reflectance, and noise equivalent difference temperature. The technical design and operational characteristics of the multispectral scanner (with thematic mapper bands) are discussed.

Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, Flagstaff, AZ, 2010

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bleamaster, Leslie F., III (Editor); Tanaka, Kenneth L. (Editor); Kelley, Michael S. (Editor)

2010-01-01

Topics covered include: Detailed Analysis of the Intra-Ejecta Dark Plains of Caloris Basin, Mercury; The Formation and Evolution of Tessera and Insights into the Beginning of Recorded History on Venus: Geology of the Fortuna Tessera Quadrangle (V-2); Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Planitia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for the Volcanic History of the North Polar Region of Venus; Geological Map of the Fredegonade (V-57) Quadrangle, Venus: Status Report; Geologic Mapping of V-19; Geology of the Lachesis Tessera Quadrangle (V-18), Venus; Comparison of Mapping Tessera Terrain in the Phoebe Regio (V-41) and Tellus Tessera (V-10) Quadrangles; Geologic Mapping of the Devana Chasma (V-29) Quadrangle, Venus; Geologic Mapping of the Aristarchus Plateau Region on the Moon; Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Pole Quadrangle (LQ-30); The Pilot Lunar Geologic Mapping Project: Summary Results and Recommendations from the Copernicus Quadrangle; Geologic Mapping of the Nili Fossae Region of Mars: MTM Quadrangles 20287, 20282, 25287, 25282, 30287, and 30282; Geologic Mapping of the Mawrth Vallis Region, Mars: MTM Quadrangles 25022, 25017, 25012, 20022, 20017, and 20012; Evidence for an Ancient Buried Landscape on the NW Rim of Hellas Basin, Mars; New Geologic Map of the Argyre Region of Mars: Deciphering the Geologic History Through Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Odyssey, and Mars Express Data; Geologic Mapping in the Hesperia Planum Region of Mars; Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Region of Mars; Geologic Mapping in Southern Margaritifer Terra; Geology of -30247, -35247, and -40247 Quadrangles, Southern Hesperia Planum, Mars; The Interaction of Impact Melt, Impact-Derived Sediment, and Volatiles at Crater Tooting, Mars; Geologic Map of the Olympia Cavi Region of Mars (MTM 85200): A Summary of Tactical Approaches; Geology of the Terra Cimmeria-Utopia Planitia Highland Lowland Transitional Zone: Final Technical Approach and Scientific Results; Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: First Year Results and Second Year Work Plan; Mars Global Geologic Mapping Progress and Suggested Geographic-Based Hierarchal Systems for Unit Grouping and Naming; Progress in the Scandia Region Geologic Map of Mars; Geomorphic Mapping of MTMS -20022 and -20017; Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fossae Formation, Mars, and the Northern Lowland Plains, Venus; Volcanism on Io: Results from Global Geologic Mapping; Employing Geodatabases for Planetary Mapping Conduct - Requirements, Concepts and Solutions; and Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2010.

Application of advanced structure to multi-tone mask for FPD process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Jin-Han; Jeong, Jin-Woong; Kim, Kyu-Sik; Jeong, Woo-Gun; Yun, Sang-Pil; Lee, Dong-Heok; Choi, Sang-Soo

2017-07-01

In accordance with improvement of FPD technology, masks such as phase shift mask (PSM) and multi-tone mask (MTM) for a particular purpose also have been developed. Above all, the MTM consisted of more than tri-tone transmittance has a substantial advantage which enables to reduce the number of mask demand in FPD fabrication process contrast to normal mask of two-tone transmittance.[1,2] A chromium (Cr)-based MTM (Typically top type) is being widely employed because of convenience of etch process caused by its only Cr-based structure consisted of Cr absorber layer and Cr half-tone layer. However, the top type of Cr-based MTM demands two Cr sputtering processes after each layer etching process and writing process. For this reason, a different material from the Cr-based MTM is required for reduction of mask fabrication time and cost. In this study, we evaluate a MTM which has a structure combined Cr with molybdenum silicide (MoSi) to resolve the issues mentioned above. The MoSi which is demonstrated by integrated circuit (IC) process is a suitable material for MTM evaluation. This structure could realize multi-transmittance in common with the Cr-based MTM. Moreover, it enables to reduce the number of sputtering process. We investigate a optimized structure upon consideration of productivity along with performance such as critical dimension (CD) variation and transmittance range of each structure. The transmittance is targeted at h-line wavelength (405 nm) in the evaluation. Compared with Cr-based MTM, the performances of all Cr-/MoSi-based MTMs are considered.

Developing a dashboard for benchmarking the productivity of a medication therapy management program.

PubMed

Umbreit, Audrey; Holm, Emily; Gander, Kelsey; Davis, Kelsie; Dittrich, Kristina; Jandl, Vanda; Odell, Laura; Sweeten, Perry

To describe a method for internal benchmarking of medication therapy management (MTM) pharmacist activities. Multisite MTM pharmacist practices within an integrated health care system. MTM pharmacists are located within primary care clinics and provide medication management through collaborative practice. MTM pharmacist activity is grouped into 3 categories: direct patient care, nonvisit patient care, and professional activities. MTM pharmacist activities were tracked with the use of the computer-based application Pharmacist Ambulatory Resource Management System (PhARMS) over a 12-month period to measure growth during a time of expansion. A total of 81% of MTM pharmacist time was recorded. A total of 1655.1 hours (41%) was nonvisit patient care, 1185.2 hours (29%) was direct patient care, and 1190.4 hours (30%) was professional activities. The number of patient visits per month increased during the study period. There were 1496 direct patient care encounters documented. Of those, 1051 (70.2%) were face-to-face visits, 257 (17.2%) were by telephone, and 188 (12.6%) were chart reviews. Nonvisit patient care and professional activities also increased during the period. PhARMS reported MTM pharmacist activities and captured nonvisit patient care work not tracked elsewhere. Internal benchmarking data proved to be useful for justifying increases in MTM pharmacist personnel resources. Reviewing data helped to identify best practices from high-performing sites. Limitations include potential for self-reporting bias and lack of patient outcomes data. Implementing PhARMS facilitated internal benchmarking of patient care and nonpatient care activities in a regional MTM program. Copyright © 2017 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Assessing Medicare beneficiaries' willingness-to-pay for medication therapy management services.

PubMed

Woelfel, Joseph A; Carr-Lopez, Sian M; Delos Santos, Melanie; Bui, Ann; Patel, Rajul A; Walberg, Mark P; Galal, Suzanne M

2014-02-01

To assess Medicare beneficiaries' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for medication therapy management (MTM) services and determine sociodemographic and clinical characteristics influencing this payment amount. A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was adopted to elicit Medicare beneficiaries' WTP for MTM. Nine outreach events in cities across Central/Northern California during Medicare's 2011 open-enrollment period. A total of 277 Medicare beneficiaries participated in the study. Comprehensive MTM was offered to each beneficiary. Pharmacy students conducted the MTM session under the supervision of licensed pharmacists. At the end of each MTM session, beneficiaries were asked to indicate their WTP for the service. Medication, self-reported chronic conditions, and beneficiary demographic data were collected and recorded via a survey during the session. The mean WTP for MTM was $33.15 for the 277 beneficiaries receiving the service and answering the WTP question. WTP by low-income subsidy recipients (mean ± standard deviation; $12.80 ± $24.10) was significantly lower than for nonsubsidy recipients ($41.13 ± $88.79). WTP was significantly (positively) correlated with number of medications regularly taken and annual out-of-pocket drug costs. The mean WTP for MTM was $33.15. WTP for MTM significantly varied by race, subsidy status, and number of prescription medications taken. WTP was significantly higher for nonsubsidy recipients than subsidy recipients, and significantly positively correlated with the number of medications regularly taken and the beneficiary rating of the delivered services.

Analysis of pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) services in community pharmacies over 7 years.

PubMed

Barnett, Mitchell J; Frank, Jessica; Wehring, Heidi; Newland, Brand; VonMuenster, Shannon; Kumbera, Patty; Halterman, Tom; Perry, Paul J

2009-01-01

Although community pharmacists have historically been paid primarily for drug distribution and dispensing services, medication therapy management (MTM) services evolved in the 1990s as a means for pharmacists and other providers to assist physicians and patients in managing clinical, service, and cost outcomes of drug therapy. The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA 2003) and the subsequent implementation of Medicare Part D in January 2006 for the more than 20 million Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in the Part D benefit formalized MTM services for a subset of high-cost patients. Although Medicare Part D has provided a new opportunity for defining the value of pharmacist-provided MTM services in the health care system, few publications exist which quantify changes in the provision of pharmacist-provided MTM services over time. To (a) describe the changes over a 7-year period in the primary types of MTM services provided by community pharmacies that have contracted with drug plan sponsors through an MTM administrative services company, and (b) quantify potential MTM-related cost savings based on pharmacists' self-assessments of the likely effects of their interventions on health care utilization. Medication therapy management claims from a multistate MTM administrative services company were analyzed over the 7-year period from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2006. Data extracted from each MTM claim included patient demographics (e.g., age and gender), the drug and type that triggered the intervention (e.g., drug therapeutic class and therapy type as either acute, intermittent, or chronic), and specific information about the service provided (e.g., Reason, Action, Result, and Estimated Cost Avoidance [ECA]). ECA values are derived from average national health care utilization costs, which are applied to pharmacist self-assessment of the "reasonable and foreseeable" outcome of the intervention. ECA values are updated annually for medical care inflation. From a database of nearly 100,000 MTM claims, a convenience sample of 50 plan sponsors was selected. After exclusion of claims with missing or potentially duplicate data, there were 76,148 claims for 23,798 patients from community pharmacy MTM providers in 47 states. Over the 7-year period from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2006, the mean ([SD] median) pharmacy reimbursement was $8.44 ([$5.19] $7.00) per MTM service, and the mean ([SD] median) ECA was $93.78 ([$1,022.23] $5.00). During the 7-year period, pharmacist provided MTM interventions changed from primarily education and monitoring for new or changed prescription therapies to prescriber consultations regarding cost-efficacy management (Pearson chi-square P<0.001). Services also shifted from claims involving acute medications (e.g. penicillin antibiotics, macrolide antibiotics, and narcotic analgesics) to services involving chronic medications (e.g., lipid lowering agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors, and beta-blockers; P<0.001), resulting in significant changes in the therapeutic classes associated with MTM claims and an increase in the proportion of older patients served (P<0.001). These trends resulted in higher pharmacy reimbursements and greater ECA per claim over time (P<0.001). MTM interventions over a 7-year period evolved from primarily the provision of patient education involving acute medications towards consultation-type services for chronic medications. These changes were associated with increases in reimbursement amounts and pharmacist-estimated cost savings. It is uncertain if this shift in service type is a result of clinical need, documentation requirements, or reimbursement opportunities.

Contingent valuation and pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for medication therapy management services.

PubMed

Wang, Junling; Hong, Song Hee

2015-01-01

Pharmacists' acceptable level of compensation for medication therapy management (MTM) services needs to be determined using various economic evaluation techniques. Using contingent valuation method, determine pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for MTM services. A mailing survey was used to elicit Tennessee (U.S.) pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for a 30-minute MTM session for a new patient with 2 medical conditions, 8 medications, and an annual drug cost of $2000. Three versions of a series of double-bounded, closed-ended, binary discrete choice questions were asked of pharmacists for their willingness to accept (WTA) for an original monetary value ($30, $60, or $90) and then follow-up higher or lower value depending on their responses to the original value. A Kaplan-Meier approach was taken to analyze pharmacists' WTA, and Cox's proportional hazards model was used to examine the effects of pharmacist characteristics on their WTA. Three hundred and forty-eight pharmacists responded to the survey. Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session had a mean of $63.31 and median of $60. The proportions of pharmacists willing to accept $30, $60, and $90 for the given MTM session were 30.61%, 85.19%, and 91.01%, respectively. Pharmacists' characteristics had statistically significant association with their WTA rates. Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session is higher than current Medicare MTM programs' compensation levels of $15-$50 and patients' willingness to pay of less than $40. Besides advocating for higher MTM compensation levels by third-party payers, pharmacists also may need to charge patients to reach sufficient compensation levels for MTM services. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Contingent Valuation and Pharmacists' Acceptable Levels of Compensation for Medication Therapy Management Services

PubMed Central

Wang, Junling; Hong, Song Hee

2012-01-01

Background Pharmacists' acceptable level of compensation for medication therapy management (MTM) services needs to be determined using various economic evaluation techniques. Objectives Using contingent valuation method, determine pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for MTM services. Methods A mailing survey was used to elicit Tennessee (US) pharmacists' acceptable levels of compensation for a 30-minute MTM session for a new patient with 2 medical conditions, 8 medications, and an annual drug cost of $2,000. Three versions of a series of double-bounded, closed-ended, binary discrete choice questions were asked of pharmacists for their willingness-to-accept (WTA) for an original monetary value ($30, $60, or $90) and then follow-up higher or lower value depending on their responses to the original value. A Kaplan-Meier approach was taken to analyze pharmacists' WTA, and Cox's proportional hazards model was used to examine the effects of pharmacist characteristics on their WTA. Results Three hundred and forty-eight pharmacists responded to the survey. Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session had a mean of $63.31 and median of $60. The proportions of pharmacists willing to accept $30, $60, and $90 for the given MTM session were 30.61%, 85.19%, and 91.01%, respectively. Pharmacists' characteristics had statistically significant association with their WTA rates. Conclusions Pharmacists' WTA for the given MTM session is higher than current Medicare MTM programs' compensation levels of $15 to $50 and patients' willingness-to-pay of less than $40. Besides advocating for higher MTM compensation levels by third-party payers, pharmacists also may need to charge patients to reach sufficient compensation levels for MTM services. PMID:22436583

Rapid turn-around mapping of wildfires and disasters with airborne infrared imagery fro the new FireMapper® 2.0 and Oilmapper systems

Treesearch

James W. Hoffman; Lloyd L. Coulter; Philip J Riggan

2005-01-01

The new FireMapper® 2.0 and OilMapper airborne, infrared imaging systems operate in a "snapshot" mode. Both systems feature the real time display of single image frames, in any selected spectral band, on a daylight readable tablet PC. These single frames are displayed to the operator with full temperature calibration in color or grayscale renditions. A rapid...

Medication Therapy Management in community pharmacy practice: core elements of an MTM service (version 1.0).

PubMed

2005-01-01

To develop a model framework of Medication Therapy Management (MTM) in community pharmacy designed to improve care, enhance communication among patients and providers, improve collaboration among providers, and optimize medication use that leads to improved patient outcomes. Peer-reviewed literature, structured discussions with community pharmacy leaders and representatives from pharmacy benefit providers and health plans, and input from pharmacists and pharmacy associations. Building on an MTM consensus definition adopted by 11 national pharmacy organizations in July 2004, this model describes core elements of an MTM service that can be provided by pharmacists across the spectrum of community pharmacy. The model is structured for pharmacists to use with all patients in need of MTM services, both in the private and public sector. The model describes five core elements of MTM in the community pharmacy setting: medication therapy review (MTR), a personal medication record (PMR), a medication action plan (MAP), intervention and referral, and documentation and follow-up. The MTR can be comprehensive or targeted, depending onthe needs of the patient. The PMR and MAP are patient-centered documents intended to be used by the patient to improve medication self-management. A collaborative approach to patient care involving patients, pharmacists, and physicians and other health care providers is advocated in the model. General patient eligibility considerations are also described. A model framework for consideration by community pharmacists in developing MTM services is described. The model consists of five core elements for MTM service delivery in community pharmacy practice.

Thematic mapper protoflight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part A: Multiplexer data, book 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Data from the final performance tests of the thematic mapper flight model multiplexer at ambient temperature are presented. Results cover the power supply, the input buffer, and the A/D threshold for bands 1 through 4.

Comparison of two Medication Therapy Management Practice Models on Return on Investment.

PubMed

Gazda, Nicholas P; Berenbrok, Lucas A; Ferreri, Stefanie P

2017-06-01

To compare the return on investment (ROI) of an integrated practice model versus a "hub and spoke" practice model of pharmacist provided medication therapy management (MTM). A cohort retrospective analysis of MTM claims billed in 76 pharmacies in North Carolina in the 2010 hub and spoke practice model and the 2012 "integrated" practice model were analyzed to calculate the ROI. In 2010, 4089 patients received an MTM resulting in 8757 claims in the hub and spoke model. In 2012, 4896 patients received an MTM resulting in 13 730 claims in the integrated model. In 2010, US$165 897.26 was invested in pharmacist salary and $173 498.00 was received in reimbursement, resulting in an ROI of +US$7600.74 (+4.6%). In 2012, US$280 890.09 was invested in pharmacist salary and US$302 963 was received in reimbursement, resulting in an ROI of +US$22 072.91 or (+7.9%). The integrated model of MTM showed an increase in number of claims submitted and in number of patients receiving MTM services, ultimately resulting in a higher ROI. While a higher ROI was evident in the integrated model, both models resulted in positive ROI (1:12-1:21), highlighting that MTM programs can be cost effective with different strategies of execution.

Impact of medication therapy management on underserved, primarily Hispanic patients with diabetes.

PubMed

Congdon, Heather B; Dowling, Thomas C; Cheng, Iliana; Truong, Hoai-An

2013-05-01

Diabetes-related complications are more pronounced in Hispanic patients versus patients of other ethnicities. It is documented that medication therapy management (MTM) can improve diabetes outcomes; however, data regarding Hispanic patients are limited. To evaluate the impact of MTM on hemoglobin A1c (A1C), blood pressure (BP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in underserved, primarily Hispanic patients who use a safety-net clinic as their medical home. A retrospective, observational study of uninsured, primarily Hispanic patients with diabetes who received MTM from October 2009 through March 2011. Patients were stratified into 2 cohorts: A1C less than 9% and A1C greater than or equal to 9%. Patients were also stratified by frequency of MTM visits and insulin use, regardless of A1C. A chart review was conducted to evaluate diabetes-related outcomes pre- and postimplementation of MTM. The primary study outcome was reduction of A1C. Secondary outcomes included reduction of BP and LDL-C and reduction of A1C based on MTM visit frequency or insulin use. Sixty-four patients with at least 1 MTM visit and pre- and postimplementation A1C data were included. In the cohort with A1C greater than or equal to 9%, mean (SD) A1C values decreased from 10.9% (1.4%) to 8.8% (1.5%) versus the cohort with A1C less than 9%, whose A1C changed minimally, from 7.2% (0.9%) to 7.4% (1.4%). Regardless of their A1C, patients who were using insulin at baseline had a change in A1C of -0.8% (1.5%) versus -0.1% (1.6%) in those who were not using insulin at baseline (p = 0.04); patients who participated in multiple MTM visits had a significant reduction in A1C, from 9% to 8.3% (95% CI -1.26 to -0.03; p = 0.02) compared with patients participating in only 1 MTM visit. Pharmacist-provided MTM can significantly improve diabetes control in uninsured, primarily Hispanic patients with poorly controlled diabetes and in those who are using insulin. Multiple MTM visits also yielded significant A1C reductions.

Racial and ethnic disparities in meeting MTM eligibility criteria among patients with asthma.

PubMed

Lu, Degan; Qiao, Yanru; Johnson, Karen C; Wang, Junling

2017-06-01

Asthma is one of the most frequently targeted chronic diseases in the medication therapy management (MTM) programs of the Medicare prescription drug (Part D) benefits. Although racial and ethnic disparities in meeting eligibility criteria for MTM services have been reported, little is known about whether there would be similar disparities among adults with asthma in the United States. Adult patients with asthma (age ≥ 18) from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2011-2012) were analyzed. Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare the proportions of patients who would meet Medicare MTM eligibility criteria between non-Hispanic Blacks (Blacks), Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites (Whites). Survey-weighted logistic regression was performed to adjust for patient characteristics. Main and sensitivity analyses were conducted to cover the entire range of the eligibility thresholds used by Part D plans in 2011-2012. The sample included 4,455 patients with asthma, including 2,294 Whites, 1,218 Blacks, and 943 Hispanics. Blacks and Hispanics had lower proportions of meeting MTM eligibility criteria than did Whites (P < 0.001). According to the main analysis, Blacks and Hispanics had 36% and 32% lower, respectively, likelihood of MTM eligibility than Whites (odds ratio [OR]: 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.90; OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.47-0.98, respectively). Similar results were obtained in sensitivity analyses. There are racial and ethnic disparities in meeting Medicare Part D MTM eligibility criteria among adult patients with asthma. Future studies should examine the implications of such disparities on health outcomes of patients with asthma and explore alternative MTM eligibility criteria.

An introductory pharmacy practice experience based on a medication therapy management service model.

PubMed

Agness, Chanel F; Huynh, Donna; Brandt, Nicole

2011-06-10

To implement and evaluate an introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) based on the medication therapy management (MTM) service model. Patient Care 2 is an IPPE that introduces third-year pharmacy students to the MTM service model. Students interacted with older adults to identify medication-related problems and develop recommendations using core MTM elements. Course outcome evaluations were based on number of documented medication-related problems, recommendations, and student reviews. Fifty-seven older adults participated in the course. Students identified 52 medication-related problems and 66 medical problems, and documented 233 recommendations relating to health maintenance and wellness, pharmacotherapy, referrals, and education. Students reported having adequate experience performing core MTM elements. Patient Care 2 may serve as an experiential learning model for pharmacy schools to teach the core elements of MTM and provide patient care services to the community.

Effect of Eruption Status of the Mandibular Third Molar on Distal Caries in the Adjacent Second Molar.

PubMed

Kang, Feiwu; Huang, Cheng; Sah, Manoj Kumar; Jiang, Beizhan

2016-04-01

To analyze the effect of the eruption status of the mandibular third molar (MTM) on distal caries in the mandibular second molar (MSM) by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Five hundred CBCT images of MTMs from 469 patients were evaluated. Presence of distal caries in MSMs, impaction depths and angulations of MTMs, cementoenamel junction (CEJ) distances between distal MSMs and mesial MTMs, presence of pericoronitis in MTMs, and patient characteristics (age and gender) were assessed. Data were analyzed by χ(2) test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and Spearman correlation analysis. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed and the P value was set at .05. The overall prevalence of distal caries in the MSM was 52.0%. According to the classification of Pell and Gregory, position A was the impaction depth at which most distal caries in MSMs were present (P = .036). For angulation of the MTM, when mesial angulations were 43° to 73°, MSMs developed more distal caries (P < .0001). For the CEJ distance between the distal MSM and the mesial MTM, when distances ranged from 6 to 15 mm, distal caries in MSMs occurred more frequently (6 to 8 mm, P < .0001; 8 to 15 mm, P = .037). Furthermore, there was a linear correlation between angulation of the MTM and the CEJ distance between the distal MSM and the mesial MTM (P < .0001). Impaction depth and angulation of the MTM are associated with distal caries in the MSM. Angulation of the MTM is more stable and reliable than the CEJ distance between the distal MSM and the mesial MTM for the estimation of risk factors related to the MTM. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Midnight Temperature Maximum (MTM) in Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) Simulations

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-14

naturally strongly dissipative medium, eliminating the need for ‘‘ sponge layers’’ and extra numerical dissipation often imposed in upper layers to...stabilize atmospheric model codes. WAM employs no ‘‘ sponge layers’’ and remains stable using a substantially reduced numerical Rayleigh friction coeffi

Minutia Tensor Matrix: A New Strategy for Fingerprint Matching

PubMed Central

Fu, Xiang; Feng, Jufu

2015-01-01

Establishing correspondences between two minutia sets is a fundamental issue in fingerprint recognition. This paper proposes a new tensor matching strategy. First, the concept of minutia tensor matrix (simplified as MTM) is proposed. It describes the first-order features and second-order features of a matching pair. In the MTM, the diagonal elements indicate similarities of minutia pairs and non-diagonal elements indicate pairwise compatibilities between minutia pairs. Correct minutia pairs are likely to establish both large similarities and large compatibilities, so they form a dense sub-block. Minutia matching is then formulated as recovering the dense sub-block in the MTM. This is a new tensor matching strategy for fingerprint recognition. Second, as fingerprint images show both local rigidity and global nonlinearity, we design two different kinds of MTMs: local MTM and global MTM. Meanwhile, a two-level matching algorithm is proposed. For local matching level, the local MTM is constructed and a novel local similarity calculation strategy is proposed. It makes full use of local rigidity in fingerprints. For global matching level, the global MTM is constructed to calculate similarities of entire minutia sets. It makes full use of global compatibility in fingerprints. Proposed method has stronger description ability and better robustness to noise and nonlinearity. Experiments conducted on Fingerprint Verification Competition databases (FVC2002 and FVC2004) demonstrate the effectiveness and the efficiency. PMID:25822489

Sound Medication Therapy Management Programs, Version 2.0 with validation study.

PubMed

2008-01-01

The Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP, the Academy) contracted with the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) to conduct a field study to validate and assess the 2006 Sound Medication Therapy Management Programs, Version 1.0 document. Version 1.0 posits several principles of sound medication therapy management (MTM) programs: they (1) recruit patients whose data show they may need assistance with managing medications; (2) have health professionals who intervene with patients and their physicians to improve medication regimens; and (3) measure their results. The validation study determined the extent to which the principles identified in version 1.0 are incorporated in MTM programs. The method was designed to determine to what extent the important features and operational elements of sound MTM programs as described in version 1.0 are (1) acceptable and seen as comprehensive to users, (2) incorporated into MTM programs in the field, (3) reflective of the consensus group's intentions, and (4) in need of modification or updating. NCQA first conducted Phase One, in which NCQA gathered perspectives on the principles in the consensus document from a mixed group of stakeholders representing both providers and users of MTM programs. Phase Two involved a deeper analysis of existing programs related to the consensus document, in which NCQA conducted a Web-based survey of 20 varied MTM programs and conducted in-depth site visits with 5 programs. NCQA selected programs offered by a range of MTM-providing organizations -- health plans, pharmacy benefit management companies, disease management organizations, and stand-alone MTM providers. NCQA analyzed the results of both phases. The Phase Two survey asked specific questions of the programs and found that some programs perform beyond the principles listed in version 1.0. NCQA found that none of the elements of the consensus document should be eliminated because programs cannot perform them, although NCQA suggested some areas where the document could be more expansive or more specific, given the state of MTM operations in the field. The important features and operational elements in the document were categorized into the following 3 overall categories, which NCQA used to structure the survey and conduct the site visits in Phase Two: (1) eligibility and enrollment, (2) operations, and (3) quality management. NCQA found that the original consensus document was realistic in identifying the elements of sound MTM. In the current project, NCQA's purpose was not to make judgments about the effectiveness of MTM programs in general or any individual program in particular. NCQA recommended that the consensus document could be made stronger and more specific in 3 areas: (1) specifically state that the Patient Identification and Recruitment section advocates use of various eligibility criteria that may include, but are not limited to, Medicare-defined MTM eligibility criteria; (2) reframe or remove the statement in Appendix A of the consensus document that the preferred modality for MTM is face-to-face interaction between patient and pharmacist, unless there are comparative data to support it as currently written; and (3) specifically recommend that programs measure performance across the entire populations in their plans in addition to measuring results for those patients selected into MTM. This will make benchmarking among programs possible and will lead to substantiated best practices in this growing field.

Review of survey articles regarding medication therapy management (MTM) services/programs in the United States.

PubMed

Oladapo, Abiola O; Rascati, Karen L

2012-08-01

To provide a summary of published survey articles regarding the provision of medication therapy management (MTM) services in the United States. A literature search was conducted to identify original articles on MTM-related surveys conducted in the United States, involving community and outpatient pharmacists, physicians, patients, or pharmacy students and published by the primary researchers who conducted the study. Search engines used included PubMed, Medline, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA). If MTM was in the keyword list, mesh heading, title, or abstract, the article was reviewed. References from these articles were searched to determine whether other relevant articles were available. A total of 405 articles were initially reviewed; however, only 32 articles met the study requirements. Of the 32 articles, 17 surveyed community/outpatient pharmacists, 3 surveyed pharmacy students, 4 surveyed physicians, and 8 surveyed patients. The survey periods varied across the different studies, with the earliest survey conducted in 2004 and the most recent survey conducted in 2009. The surveys were conducted via the telephone, US mail, interoffice mail, e-mails, Internet/Web sites, hand-delivered questionnaires, and focus groups. Despite the identified barriers to the provision of MTM services, pharmacists reportedly found it professionally rewarding to provide these services. Pharmacists claimed to have adequate clinical knowledge, experience, and access to information required to provide MTM services. Pharmacy students were of the opinion that the provision of MTM services was important to the advancement of the pharmacy profession and in providing patients with a higher level of care. Physicians supported having pharmacists adjust patients’ drug therapy and educate patients on general drug information but not in selecting patients’ drug therapy. Finally, patients suggested that alternative ways need to be explored in describing and marketing MTM services for it to be appealing to them.

High temperature, high intensity solar array. [for Venus Radar Mapper mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, B. S.; Brooks, G. R.; Pinkerton, R.

1985-01-01

The solar array for the Venus Radar Mapper mission will operate in the high temperature, high intensity conditions of a low Venus orbit environment. To fulfill the performance requirements in this environment at minimum cost and mass while maximizing power density and packing factor on the panel surface, several features were introduced into the design. These features included the use of optical surface reflectors (OSR's) to reduce the operating temperature; new adhesives for conductive bonding of OSR's to avoid electrostatic discharges; custom-designed large area cells and novel shunt diode circuit and panel power harness configurations.

"How do I say that?": Using communication principles to enhance medication therapy management instruction.

PubMed

Denvir, Paul M; Cardone, Katie E; Parker, Wendy M; Cerulli, Jennifer

2018-02-01

Medication therapy management (MTM) is a comprehensive, patient-centered approach to improving medication use, reducing the risk of adverse events and improving medication adherence. Given the service delivery model and required outputs of MTM services, communication skills are of utmost importance. The objectives of this study were to identify and describe communication principles and instructional practices to enhance MTM training. Drawing on formative assessment data from interviews of both pharmacy educators and alumni, this article identifies and describes communication principles and instructional practices that pharmacy educators can use to enhance MTM training initiatives to develop student communication strategies. Analysis revealed five key communication challenges of MTM service delivery, two communication principles that pharmacy teachers and learners can use to address those challenges, and a range of specific strategies, derived from communication principles, that students can use when challenges emerge. Implications of the analysis for pharmacy educators and researchers are described. Proactive communication training provided during MTM advanced pharmacy practice experiences enabled students to apply the principles and instructional strategies to specific patient interactions during the advanced pharmacy practice experiences and in their post-graduation practice settings. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Isotopic imprints of mountaintop mining contaminants.

PubMed

Vengosh, Avner; Lindberg, T Ty; Merola, Brittany R; Ruhl, Laura; Warner, Nathaniel R; White, Alissa; Dwyer, Gary S; Di Giulio, Richard T

2013-09-03

Mountaintop mining (MTM) is the primary procedure for surface coal exploration within the central Appalachian region of the eastern United States, and it is known to contaminate streams in local watersheds. In this study, we measured the chemical and isotopic compositions of water samples from MTM-impacted tributaries and streams in the Mud River watershed in West Virginia. We systematically document the isotopic compositions of three major constituents: sulfur isotopes in sulfate (δ(34)SSO4), carbon isotopes in dissolved inorganic carbon (δ(13)CDIC), and strontium isotopes ((87)Sr/(86)Sr). The data show that δ(34)SSO4, δ(13)CDIC, Sr/Ca, and (87)Sr/(86)Sr measured in saline- and selenium-rich MTM impacted tributaries are distinguishable from those of the surface water upstream of mining impacts. These tracers can therefore be used to delineate and quantify the impact of MTM in watersheds. High Sr/Ca and low (87)Sr/(86)Sr characterize tributaries that originated from active MTM areas, while tributaries from reclaimed MTM areas had low Sr/Ca and high (87)Sr/(86)Sr. Leaching experiments of rocks from the watershed show that pyrite oxidation and carbonate dissolution control the solute chemistry with distinct (87)Sr/(86)Sr ratios characterizing different rock sources. We propose that MTM operations that access the deeper Kanawha Formation generate residual mined rocks in valley fills from which effluents with distinctive (87)Sr/(86)Sr and Sr/Ca imprints affect the quality of the Appalachian watersheds.

Detection of the secondary meridional circulation associated with the quasi-biennial oscillation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ribera, P.; PeñA-Ortiz, C.; Garcia-Herrera, R.; Gallego, D.; Gimeno, L.; HernáNdez, E.

2004-09-01

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) signal in stratospheric zonal and meridional wind, temperature, and geopotential height fields is analyzed based on the use of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis (1958-2001). The multitaper method-singular value decomposition (MTM-SVD), a multivariate frequency domain analysis method, is used to detect significant and spatially coherent narrowband oscillations. The QBO is found as the most intense signal in the stratospheric zonal wind. Then, the MTM-SVD method is used to determine the patterns induced by the QBO at every stratospheric level and data field. The secondary meridional circulation associated with the QBO is identified in the obtained patterns. This circulation can be characterized by negative (positive) temperature anomalies associated with adiabatic rising (sinking) motions over zones of easterly (westerly) wind shear and over the subtropics and midlatitudes, while meridional convergence and divergence levels are found separated by a level of maximum zonal wind shear. These vertical and meridional motions form quasi-symmetric circulation cells over both hemispheres, though less intense in the Southern Hemisphere.

Mapping the route to medication therapy management documentation and billing standardization and interoperabilility within the health care system: meeting proceedings.

PubMed

Millonig, Marsha K

2009-01-01

To convene a diverse group of stakeholders to discuss medication therapy management (MTM) documentation and billing standardization and its interoperability within the health care system. More than 70 stakeholders from pharmacy, health information systems, insurers/payers, quality, and standard-setting organizations met on October 7-8, 2008, in Bethesda, MD. The American Pharmacists Association (APhA) organized the invitational conference to facilitate discussion on strategic directions for meeting current market need for MTM documentation and billing interoperability and future market needs for MTM integration into electronic health records (EHRs). APhA recently adopted policy that specifically addresses technology barriers and encourages the use and development of standardized systems for the documentation and billing of MTM services. Day 1 of the conference featured six foundational presentations on health information technology (HIT) trends, perspectives on MTM from the profession and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, health care quality and medication-related outcome measures, integrating MTM workflow in EHRs, and the current state of MTM operalization in practice. After hearing presentations on day 1 and having the opportunity to pose questions to each speaker, conference participants were divided into three breakout groups on day 2. Each group met three times for 60 minutes each and discussed five questions from the perspective of a patient, provider, or payer. Three facilitators met with each of the groups and led discussion from one perspective (i.e., patient, provider, payer). Participants then reconvened as a complete group to participate in a discussion on next steps. HIT is expected to assist in delivering safe, effective, efficient, coordinated care as health professionals strive to improve the quality of care and outcomes for individual patients. The pharmacy profession is actively contributing to quality patient care through MTM services focused on identifying and preventing medication-related problems, improving medication use, and optimizing individual therapeutic outcomes. As MTM programs continue to expand within the health care system, one important limiting factor is the lack of standardization for documentation and billing of MTM services. This lack of interoperability between technology systems, software, and system platforms is presenting as a barrier to MTM service delivery for patients. APhA convened this invitational conference to identify strategic directions to address MTM documentation and billing standardization and interoperability. Participants viewed the meeting as highly successful in bringing together a unique, wide-ranging set of stakeholders, including the government, regulators, standards organizations, other health professions, technology firms, professional organizations, and practitioners, to share perspectives. They strongly encouraged the Association to continue this unique stakeholder dialogue. Participants provided a number of next-step suggestions for APhA to consider because of the event. Participants noted the pharmacy profession's success in building information technology systems for product transactions with systematic, organized, methodical thinking and the need to apply this success to patient services. A unique opportunity exists for the profession to influence and lead the HIT community in creating a workable health technology solution for MTM services. Reaching consensus on minimum data sets for each functional area--clinical, billing, quality improvement--would be a very important short-term gain. Further, participants said it was imperative for pharmacists and the pharmacy community at large to become actively engaged in HIT standards development efforts.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bosserman, Mary A.; Downey, Theresa; Noinaj, Nicholas

Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) have been shown to play key roles for the biosynthesis of important natural products. MtmOIV, a homodimeric FAD- and NADPH-dependent BVMO, catalyzes the key frame-modifying steps of the mithramycin biosynthetic pathway, including an oxidative C–C bond cleavage, by converting its natural substrate premithramycin B into mithramycin DK, the immediate precursor of mithramycin. The drastically improved protein structure of MtmOIV along with the high-resolution structure of MtmOIV in complex with its natural substrate premithramycin B are reported here, revealing previously undetected key residues that are important for substrate recognition and catalysis. Kinetic analyses of selected mutants allowed usmore » to probe the substrate binding pocket of MtmOIV and also to discover the putative NADPH binding site. This is the first substrate-bound structure of MtmOIV providing new insights into substrate recognition and catalysis, which paves the way for the future design of a tailored enzyme for the chemo-enzymatic preparation of novel mithramycin analogues.« less

Pilot study: incorporation of pharmacogenetic testing in medication therapy management services.

PubMed

Haga, Susanne B; Allen LaPointe, Nancy M; Moaddeb, Jivan; Mills, Rachel; Patel, Mahesh; Kraus, William E

2014-11-01

Aim: To describe the rationale and design of a pilot study evaluating the integration of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing into pharmacist-delivered medication therapy management (MTM). Study rationale: Clinical delivery approaches of PGx testing involving pharmacists may overcome barriers of limited physician knowledge about and experience with testing. Study design: We will assess the addition of PGx testing to MTM services for cardiology patients taking three or more medications including simvastatin or clopidogrel. We will measure the impact of MTM plus PGx testing on drug/dose adjustment and clinical outcomes. Factors associated with delivery, such as time to prepare and conduct MTM and consult with physicians will be recorded. Additionally, patient interest and satisfaction will be measured. Anticipated results: We anticipate that PGx testing can be practically integrated into standard a MTM service, providing a viable delivery model for testing. Conclusion: Given the lack of evidence of an effective PGx delivery models, this study will provide preliminary evidence regarding a pharmacist-delivered approach.

76 FR 18778 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Leases MTM 89460, MTM 89461, MTM 89467...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... that affect these lands. The lessee agrees to new lease terms for rentals and royalties of $10 per acre and 16\\2/3\\ percent. The lessee paid the $500 administration fee for the reinstatement of each lease... leases; The increased rental of $10 per acre; The increased royalty of 16\\2/3\\ percent; and The $163 cost...

Medication therapy management: its relationship to patient counseling, disease management, and pharmaceutical care.

PubMed

McGivney, Melissa Somma; Meyer, Susan M; Duncan-Hewitt, Wendy; Hall, Deanne L; Goode, Jean-Venable R; Smith, Randall B

2007-01-01

To delineate the relationship, including similarities and differences, between medication therapy management (MTM) and contemporary pharmacist-provided services, including patient counseling, disease management, and pharmaceutical care, to facilitate the continued evolution of commonly used language and a standard of practice across geographic areas and practice environments. Incorporation of MTM services into the array of Medicare-funded services affords an opportunity for pharmacists to develop direct patient care services in the community. Defining the role of MTM within the scope of pharmacist-provided patient care activities, including patient counseling, disease management, and all currently provided pharmacy services is essential to the delineation of a viable and sustainable practice model for pharmacists. The definitions of each of these services are offered, as well as comparisons and contrasts of the individual services. In addition to Medicare-eligible patients, MTM services are appropriate for anyone with medication-related needs. MTM is offered as an all-encompassing model that incorporates the philosophy of pharmaceutical care, techniques of patient counseling, and disease management in an environment that facilitates the direct collaboration of patients, pharmacists, and other health professionals. Defining the role of MTM within the current patient care models, including patient counseling, disease management, and all who provide pharmacy services, is essential in delineating a viable and sustainable practice model for pharmacists.

A natural history study of X-linked myotubular myopathy.

PubMed

Amburgey, Kimberly; Tsuchiya, Etsuko; de Chastonay, Sabine; Glueck, Michael; Alverez, Rachel; Nguyen, Cam-Tu; Rutkowski, Anne; Hornyak, Joseph; Beggs, Alan H; Dowling, James J

2017-09-26

To define the natural history of X-linked myotubular myopathy (MTM). We performed a cross-sectional study that included an online survey (n = 35) and a prospective, 1-year longitudinal investigation using a phone survey (n = 33). We ascertained data from 50 male patients with MTM and performed longitudinal assessments on 33 affected individuals. Consistent with existing knowledge, we found that MTM is a disorder associated with extensive morbidities, including wheelchair (86.7% nonambulant) and ventilator (75% requiring >16 hours of support) dependence. However, unlike previous reports and despite the high burden of disease, mortality was lower than anticipated (approximate rate 10%/y). Seventy-six percent of patients with MTM enrolled (mean age 10 years 11 months) were alive at the end of the study. Nearly all deaths in the study were associated with respiratory failure. In addition, the disease course was more stable than expected, with few adverse events reported during the prospective survey. Few non-muscle-related morbidities were identified, although an unexpectedly high incidence of learning disability (43%) was noted. Conversely, MTM was associated with substantial burdens on patient and caregiver daily living, reflected by missed days of school and lost workdays. MTM is one of the most severe neuromuscular disorders, with affected individuals requiring extensive mechanical interventions for survival. However, among study participants, the disease course was more stable than predicted, with more individuals surviving infancy and early childhood. These data reflect the disease burden of MTM but offer hope in terms of future therapeutic intervention. Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.

A natural history study of X-linked myotubular myopathy

PubMed Central

Amburgey, Kimberly; Tsuchiya, Etsuko; de Chastonay, Sabine; Glueck, Michael; Alverez, Rachel; Nguyen, Cam-Tu; Rutkowski, Anne; Hornyak, Joseph; Beggs, Alan H.

2017-01-01

Objective: To define the natural history of X-linked myotubular myopathy (MTM). Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that included an online survey (n = 35) and a prospective, 1-year longitudinal investigation using a phone survey (n = 33). Results: We ascertained data from 50 male patients with MTM and performed longitudinal assessments on 33 affected individuals. Consistent with existing knowledge, we found that MTM is a disorder associated with extensive morbidities, including wheelchair (86.7% nonambulant) and ventilator (75% requiring >16 hours of support) dependence. However, unlike previous reports and despite the high burden of disease, mortality was lower than anticipated (approximate rate 10%/y). Seventy-six percent of patients with MTM enrolled (mean age 10 years 11 months) were alive at the end of the study. Nearly all deaths in the study were associated with respiratory failure. In addition, the disease course was more stable than expected, with few adverse events reported during the prospective survey. Few non–muscle-related morbidities were identified, although an unexpectedly high incidence of learning disability (43%) was noted. Conversely, MTM was associated with substantial burdens on patient and caregiver daily living, reflected by missed days of school and lost workdays. Conclusions: MTM is one of the most severe neuromuscular disorders, with affected individuals requiring extensive mechanical interventions for survival. However, among study participants, the disease course was more stable than predicted, with more individuals surviving infancy and early childhood. These data reflect the disease burden of MTM but offer hope in terms of future therapeutic intervention. PMID:28842446

Comparison of spinal manipulation methods and usual medical care for acute and subacute low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Schneider, Michael; Haas, Mitchell; Glick, Ronald; Stevans, Joel; Landsittel, Doug

2015-02-15

Randomized controlled trial with follow-up to 6 months. This was a comparative effectiveness trial of manual-thrust manipulation (MTM) versus mechanical-assisted manipulation (MAM); and manipulation versus usual medical care (UMC). Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common conditions seen in primary care and physical medicine practice. MTM is a common treatment for LBP. Claims that MAM is an effective alternative to MTM have yet to be substantiated. There is also question about the effectiveness of manipulation in acute and subacute LBP compared with UMC. A total of 107 adults with onset of LBP within the past 12 weeks were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups: MTM, MAM, or UMC. Outcome measures included the Oswestry LBP Disability Index (0-100 scale) and numeric pain rating (0-10 scale). Participants in the manipulation groups were treated twice weekly during 4 weeks; subjects in UMC were seen for 3 visits during this time. Outcome measures were captured at baseline, 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Linear regression showed a statistically significant advantage of MTM at 4 weeks compared with MAM (disability = -8.1, P = 0.009; pain = -1.4, P = 0.002) and UMC (disability = -6.5, P = 0.032; pain = -1.7, P < 0.001). Responder analysis, defined as 30% and 50% reductions in Oswestry LBP Disability Index scores revealed a significantly greater proportion of responders at 4 weeks in MTM (76%; 50%) compared with MAM (50%; 16%) and UMC (48%; 39%). Similar between-group results were found for pain: MTM (94%; 76%); MAM (69%; 47%); and UMC (56%; 41%). No statistically significant group differences were found between MAM and UMC, and for any comparison at 3 or 6 months. MTM provides greater short-term reductions in self-reported disability and pain scores compared with UMC or MAM. 2.

Cortical integrity of the inferior alveolar canal as a predictor of paresthesia after third-molar extraction.

PubMed

Park, Wonse; Choi, Ji-Wook; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Bong-Chul; Kim, Hyung Jun; Lee, Sang-Hwy

2010-03-01

Paresthesia is a well-known complication of extraction of mandibular third molars (MTMs). The authors evaluated the relationship between paresthesia after MTM extraction and the cortical integrity of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) by using computed tomography (CT). The authors designed a retrospective cohort study involving participants considered, on the basis of panoramic imaging, to be at high risk of experiencing injury of the inferior alveolar nerve who subsequently underwent CT imaging and extraction of the MTMs. The primary predictor variable was the contact relationship between the IAC and the MTM as viewed on a CT image, classified into three groups: group 1, no contact; group 2, contact between the MTM and the intact IAC cortex; group 3, contact between the MTM and the interrupted IAC cortex. The secondary predictor variable was the number of CT image slices showing the cortical interruption around the MTM. The outcome variable was the presence or absence of postoperative paresthesia after MTM extraction. The study sample comprised 179 participants who underwent MTM extraction (a total of 259 MTMs). Their mean age was 23.6 years, and 85 (47.5 percent) were male. The overall prevalence of paresthesia was 4.2 percent (11 of 259 teeth). The prevalence of paresthesia in group 3 (involving an interrupted IAC cortex) was 11.8 percent (10 of 85 cases), while for group 2 (involving an intact IAC cortex) and group 1 (involving no contact) it was 1.0 percent (1 of 98 cases) and 0.0 percent (no cases), respectively. The frequency of nerve damage increased with the number of CT image slices showing loss of cortical integrity (P=.043). The results of this study indicate that loss of IAC cortical integrity is associated with an increased risk of experiencing paresthesia after MTM extraction.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part E: Electronics module data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Tests to verify the as-designed performance of all circuits within the thematic mapper electronics module unit are described. Specifically, the tests involved the evaluation of the scan line corrector driver, shutter drivers function, cal lamp controller function, post amplifier function, command decoder verification unit, and the temperature and actuator controllers function.

Differential Muscle Hypertrophy Is Associated with Satellite Cell Numbers and Akt Pathway Activation Following Activin Type IIB Receptor Inhibition in Mtm1 p.R69C Mice

PubMed Central

Lawlor, Michael W.; Viola, Marissa G.; Meng, Hui; Edelstein, Rachel V.; Liu, Fujun; Yan, Ke; Luna, Elizabeth J.; Lerch-Gaggl, Alexandra; Hoffmann, Raymond G.; Pierson, Christopher R.; Buj-Bello, Anna; Lachey, Jennifer L.; Pearsall, Scott; Yang, Lin; Hillard, Cecilia J.; Beggs, Alan H.

2015-01-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy is a congenital myopathy caused by deficiency of myotubularin. Patients often present with severe perinatal weakness, requiring mechanical ventilation to prevent death from respiratory failure. We recently reported that an activin receptor type IIB inhibitor produced hypertrophy of type 2b myofibers and modest increases of strength and life span in the severely myopathic Mtm1δ4 mouse model of X-linked myotubular myopathy. We have now performed a similar study in the less severely symptomatic Mtm1 p.R69C mouse in hopes of finding greater treatment efficacy. Activin receptor type IIB inhibitor treatment of Mtm1 p.R69C animals produced behavioral and histological evidence of hypertrophy in gastrocnemius muscles but not in quadriceps or triceps. The ability of the muscles to respond to activin receptor type IIB inhibitor treatment correlated with treatment-induced increases in satellite cell number and several muscle-specific abnormalities of hypertrophic signaling. Treatment-responsive Mtm1 p.R69C gastrocnemius muscles displayed lower levels of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 and higher levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase than were observed in Mtm1 p.R69C quadriceps muscle or in muscles from wild-type littermates. Hypertrophy in the Mtm1 p.R69C gastrocnemius muscle was associated with increased levels of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6. Our findings indicate that muscle-, fiber type-, and mutation-specific factors affect the response to hypertrophic therapies that will be important to assess in future therapeutic trials. PMID:24726641

The BepiColombo Spacecraft: The Mercury Transfer Module Structure Qualification Test Campaign Description

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Martin Zurdo, M. J.

2012-07-01

The BepiColombo is a space mission to Mercury (ESA in cooperation with Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency). The spacecraft consist of three different structures: two orbiters responsible for the scientific mission (MPO and MMO) and one service module, Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), which provides propulsion and services during the journey to Mercury. Taking into account only the MTM structure, the companies involved are ASTRIUM GERMANY acting as the prime contractor and ASTRIUM UK acting as the co- prime contractor company. EADS CASA Espacio (ECE) in Spain is the company responsible for the final design, manufacturing and qualification of the MTM structure. The test campaign specimen is the MTM core structure, which corresponds to the central cone with the structure floors, shear panels and tank support structure. This test campaign qualifies the primary load path and its primary interfaces; the rest of the MTM structure is qualified by system level vibration test. In order to qualify the MTM structure, three different kinds of qualification tests have been performed: stiffness test, global strength test and local tests in different specific areas. The most relevant test during the campaign is the global strength test case, in which several external loads are introduced (different interfaces) simulating the load introduction for a selected critical flight case. There are two important items in the qualification test campaign: 1. The instrumentation of the structure, with two main functions: to control the specimen under test loads, and to demonstrate the qualification of the structure. 2. The set-up structure, designed by ECE to allow the correct load introduction on each testing case during the whole test campaign. This paper describes the MTM structure test campaign from the definition of the loads applied in each test to the qualification of the complete structure.

Myotubular Myopathy in a girl with a deletion of Xq27-q28 and unbalanced X inactivation assigns the MTM1 gene to a 600-kb region

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dahl, N.; Mandel, J.L.; Chery, M.

1995-05-01

A young girl with a clinically moderate form of myotubular myopathy was found to carry a cytogenetically detectable deletion in Xq27-q28. The deletion had occurred de novo on the paternal X chromosome. It encompasses the fragile X (FRAXA) and Hunter syndrome (IDS) loci, and the DXS304 and DXS455 markers, in Xq27.3 and proximal Xq28. Other loci from the proximal half of Xq28 (DXS49, DXS256, DXS258, DXS305, and DXS497) were found intact. As the X-linked myotubular myopathy locus (MTM1) was previously mapped to Xq28 by linkage analysis, the present observation suggested that MTM1 is included in the deletion. However, a significantmore » clinical phenotype is unexpected in a female MTM1 carrier. Analysis of inactive X-specific methylation at the androgen receptor gene showed that the deleted X chromosome was active in {approximately}80% of leukocytes. Such unbalanced inactivation may account for the moderate MTM1 phenotype and for the mental retardation that later developed in the patient. This observation is discussed in relation to the hypothesis that a locus modulating X inactivation may lie in the region. Comparison of this deletion with that carried by a male patient with a severe Hunter syndrome phenotype but no myotubular myopathy, in light of recent linkage data on recombinant MTM1 families, led to a considerable refinement of the position of the MTM1 locus, to a region of {approximately}600 kb, between DXS304 and DXS497. 46 refs., 4 figs.« less

Differential muscle hypertrophy is associated with satellite cell numbers and Akt pathway activation following activin type IIB receptor inhibition in Mtm1 p.R69C mice.

PubMed

Lawlor, Michael W; Viola, Marissa G; Meng, Hui; Edelstein, Rachel V; Liu, Fujun; Yan, Ke; Luna, Elizabeth J; Lerch-Gaggl, Alexandra; Hoffmann, Raymond G; Pierson, Christopher R; Buj-Bello, Anna; Lachey, Jennifer L; Pearsall, Scott; Yang, Lin; Hillard, Cecilia J; Beggs, Alan H

2014-06-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy is a congenital myopathy caused by deficiency of myotubularin. Patients often present with severe perinatal weakness, requiring mechanical ventilation to prevent death from respiratory failure. We recently reported that an activin receptor type IIB inhibitor produced hypertrophy of type 2b myofibers and modest increases of strength and life span in the severely myopathic Mtm1δ4 mouse model of X-linked myotubular myopathy. We have now performed a similar study in the less severely symptomatic Mtm1 p.R69C mouse in hopes of finding greater treatment efficacy. Activin receptor type IIB inhibitor treatment of Mtm1 p.R69C animals produced behavioral and histological evidence of hypertrophy in gastrocnemius muscles but not in quadriceps or triceps. The ability of the muscles to respond to activin receptor type IIB inhibitor treatment correlated with treatment-induced increases in satellite cell number and several muscle-specific abnormalities of hypertrophic signaling. Treatment-responsive Mtm1 p.R69C gastrocnemius muscles displayed lower levels of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 and higher levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase than were observed in Mtm1 p.R69C quadriceps muscle or in muscles from wild-type littermates. Hypertrophy in the Mtm1 p.R69C gastrocnemius muscle was associated with increased levels of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6. Our findings indicate that muscle-, fiber type-, and mutation-specific factors affect the response to hypertrophic therapies that will be important to assess in future therapeutic trials. Copyright © 2014 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Community pharmacy-based medication therapy management services: financial impact for patients.

PubMed

Dodson, Sarah E; Ruisinger, Janelle F; Howard, Patricia A; Hare, Sarah E; Barnes, Brian J

2012-07-01

To determine the direct financial impact for patients resulting from Medication Therapy Management (MTM) interventions made by community pharmacists. Secondary objectives include evaluating the patient and physician acceptance rates of the community pharmacists' recommended MTM interventions. This was a retrospective observational study conducted at 20 Price Chopper and Hen House grocery store chain pharmacies in the Kansas City metro area from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. Study patients were Medicare Part D beneficiaries eligible for MTM services. The primary outcome was the change in patient out-of-pocket prescription medication expense as a result of MTM services. Of 128 patients included in this study, 68% experienced no out-of-pocket financial impact on their medication expenses as a result of MTM services. A total of 27% of the patients realized a cost-savings (USD440.50 per year, (SD=289.69)) while another 5% of patients saw a cost increase in out-of-pocket expense (USD255.66 per year, (SD=324.48)). The net financial impact for all 128 patients who participated in MTM services was an average savings of USD102.83 per patient per year (SD=269.18, p<0.0001). Pharmacists attempted a total of 732 recommendations; 391 (53%) were accepted by both the patient and their prescriber. A total of 341 (47%) recommendations were not accepted because of patient refusal (290, 85%) or prescriber refusal (51, 15%). Patient participation in MTM services reduces patient out-of-pocket medication expense. However, this savings is driven by only 32% of subjects who are experiencing a financial impact on out-of-pocket medication expense. Additionally, the majority of the pharmacists' recommended interventions (53%) were accepted by patients and prescribers.

Retrospective financial analysis of medication therapy management services from the pharmacy's perspective.

PubMed

McDonough, Randal P; Harthan, Aaron A; McLeese, Kelly E; Doucette, William R

2010-01-01

To determine the net financial gain or loss for medication therapy management (MTM) services provided to patients by an independent community pharmacy during 16 months of operation. Retrospective study. Independent community pharmacy in Iowa City, IA, from September 1, 2006, to December 31, 2007. Patients receiving MTM services during the specified period who had proper documentation of reimbursement for the services. MTM services were provided to the patient and documented by the pharmacist or student pharmacist. Net financial gains or losses for providing MTM services. Sensitivity analyses included costs that might be incurred under various conditions of operation. 103 initial and 88 follow-up MTM visits were conducted during a 16-month time period. The total cost for these services to the pharmacy was $11,191.72. Total revenue from these services was $11,195.00; therefore, the pharmacy experienced a net financial gain of $3.28. Sensitivity analyses were conducted, revealing the net gain/loss to the pharmacy if a student pharmacist was used and the net gain/loss if the pharmacist needed extra training to provide the services. Using a student pharmacist resulted in a net gain of $6,308.48, while extra training for the pharmacist resulted in a net loss of $1,602.72. The MTM service programs showed a positive financial gain after 16 months of operation, which should encourage pharmacists to incorporate these services into their practice.

TBM/MTM for HTS-FNSF: An innovative testing strategy to qualify/validate fusion technologies for U.S. DEMO

DOE PAGES

El-Guebaly, Laila; Rowcliffe, Arthur; Menard, Jonathan; ...

2016-08-11

The qualification and validation of nuclear technologies are daunting tasks for fusion demonstration (DEMO) and power plants. This is particularly true for advanced designs that involve harsh radiation environment with 14 MeV neutrons and high-temperature operating regimes. This paper outlines the unique qualification and validation processes developed in the U.S., offering the only access to the complete fusion environment, focusing on the most prominent U.S. blanket concept (the dual cooled PbLi (DCLL)) along with testing new generations of structural and functional materials in dedicated test modules. The venue for such activities is the proposed Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF), whichmore » is viewed as an essential element of the U.S. fusion roadmap. A staged blanket testing strategy has been developed to test and enhance the DCLL blanket performance during each phase of FNSF D-T operation. A materials testing module (MTM) is critically important to include in the FNSF as well to test a broad range of specimens of future, more advanced generations of materials in a relevant fusion environment. Here, the most important attributes for MTM are the relevant He/dpa ratio (10–15) and the much larger specimen volumes compared to the 10–500 mL range available in the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) and European DEMO-Oriented Neutron Source (DONES).« less

Thermal control design of the Lightning Mapper Sensor narrow-band spectral filter

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flannery, Martin R.; Potter, John; Raab, Jeff R.; Manlief, Scott K.

1992-01-01

The performance of the Lightning Mapper Sensor is dependent on the temperature shifts of its narrowband spectral filter. To perform over a 10 degree FOV with an 0.8 nm bandwidth, the filter must be 15 cm in diameter and mounted externally to the telescope optics. The filter thermal control required a filter design optimized for minimum bandpass shift with temperature, a thermal analysis of substrate materials for maximum temperature uniformity, and a thermal radiation analysis to determine the parameter sensitivity of the radiation shield for the filter, the filter thermal recovery time after occultation, and heater power to maintain filter performance in the earth-staring geosynchronous environment.

Movement-to-music computer technology: a developmental play experience for children with severe physical disabilities.

PubMed

Tam, Cynthia; Schwellnus, Heidi; Eaton, Ceilidh; Hamdani, Yani; Lamont, Andrea; Chau, Tom

2007-01-01

Children with severe physical disabilities often lack the physical skills to explore their environment independently, and to play with toys or musical instruments. The movement-to-music (MTM) system is an affordable computer system that allows children with limited movements to play and create music. The present study explored parents' experiences of using the MTM system with their children. A qualitative methodology employing in-depth interview techniques was used with six mothers and their children. The themes extracted from the data were organized under two main concepts of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) (WHO, 2001) framework. The results showed that the MTM expanded horizons for the child along the ICF health dimensions and the MTM had a positive impact on ICF environmental determinants of health. The small sample size should be noted as a limitation of this study. Further research should be carried out with a larger sample of children with restricted mobility to obtain a better understanding of the impact of MTM technology on children's psychosocial development.

Using pharmacists to improve risk stratification and management of stage 3A chronic kidney disease: a feasibility study.

PubMed

Chang, Alex R; Evans, Michael; Yule, Christina; Bohn, Larissa; Young, Amanda; Lewis, Meredith; Graboski, Elisabeth; Gerdy, Bethany; Ehmann, William; Brady, Jonathan; Lawrence, Leah; Antunes, Natacha; Green, Jamie; Snyder, Susan; Kirchner, H Lester; Grams, Morgan; Perkins, Robert

2016-11-08

Measurement of albuminuria to stratify risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not done universally in the primary care setting despite recommendation in KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes) guidelines. Pharmacist medication therapy management (MTM) may be helpful in improving CKD risk stratification and management. We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial using seven primary care clinic sites in the Geisinger Health System to evaluate the feasibility of pharmacist MTM in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 45-59 ml/min/1.73 m 2 and uncontrolled blood pressure (≥150/85 mmHg). In the three pharmacist MTM sites, pharmacists were instructed to follow a protocol aimed to improve adherence to KDIGO guidelines on testing for proteinuria and lipids, and statin and blood pressure medical therapy. In the four control clinics, patients received usual care. The primary outcome was proteinuria screening over a follow-up of 1 year. A telephone survey was administered to physicians, pharmacists, and patients in the pharmacist MTM arm at the end of the trial. Baseline characteristics were similar between pharmacist MTM (n = 24) and control (n = 23) patients, although pharmacist MTM patients tended to be younger (64 vs. 71 y; p = 0.06) and less likely to have diabetes (17 % vs. 35 %; p = 0.2) or baseline proteinuria screening (41.7 % vs. 60.9 %, p = 0.2). Mean eGFR was 54 ml/min/1.73 m 2 in both groups. The pharmacist MTM intervention did not significantly improve total proteinuria screening at the population level (OR 2.6, 95 % CI: 0.5-14.0; p = 0.3). However, it tended to increase screening of previously unscreened patients (78.6 % in the pharmacist MTM group compared to 33.3 % in the control group; OR 7.3, 95 % CI: 0.96-56.3; p = 0.05). In general, the intervention was well-received by patients, pharmacists, and providers, who agreed that pharmacists could play an important role in CKD management. A few patients contacted the research team to express anxiety about having a CKD diagnosis without prior knowledge. Pharmacist MTM may be useful in improving risk stratification and management of CKD in the primary care setting, although implementation requires ongoing education and multidisciplinary collaboration and careful communication regarding CKD diagnosis. Future studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of pharmacist MTM on slowing CKD progression and improvement in cardiovascular outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02208674 Registered August 1, 2014, first patient enrolled September 30, 2014.

Effect of an Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience on Medication Therapy Management Services in a Centralized Retail Pharmacy Program.

PubMed

Vande Griend, Joseph P; Rodgers, Melissa; Nuffer, Wesley

2017-05-01

Medication therapy management (MTM) delivery is increasingly important in managed care. Successful delivery positively affects patient health and improves Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services star ratings, a measure of health plan quality. As MTM services continue to grow, there is an increased need for efficient and effective care models. The primary objectives of this project were to describe the delivery of MTM services by fourth-year Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) students in a centralized retail pharmacy system and to evaluate and quantify the clinical and financial contributions of the students. The secondary objective was to describe the engagement needed to complete comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) and targeted interventions. From May 2015 to December 2015, thirty-five APPE students from the University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy provided MTM services at Albertsons Companies using the OutcomesMTM and Mirixa platforms. Students delivered patient care services by phone at the central office and provided face-to-face visits at pharmacies in the region. With implementation of the MTM APPE in 2015, the team consisted of 2 MTM pharmacists and pharmacy students, as compared with 1 MTM pharmacist in 2014. The number of CMRs and targeted interventions completed and the estimated additional revenue generated during the 2015 time period were compared with those completed from May through December 2014. The patient and provider engagement needed to complete the CMRs and targeted interventions was summarized. 125 CMRs and 1,918 targeted interventions were billed in 2015, compared with 13 CMRs and 767 targeted interventions in 2014. An estimated $16,575-$49,272 of additional revenue was generated in 2015. To complete the interventions in 2015, the team engaged in 1,714 CMR opportunities and 4,686 targeted intervention opportunities. In this MTM rotation, students provided real-life care to patients, resulting in financial and clinical contributions. This model of education and care delivery can be replicated in the community pharmacy or managed care setting. APPE students are an important component of this model of care delivery, particularly when considering the level of patient engagement needed to complete MTM interventions. No outside funding supported this research. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose related to this work. All authors contributed to study concept and design. Rodgers collected the data, and data interpretation was performed by Vande Griend, along with Rodgers and Nuffer. The manuscript was written and revised primarily by Vande Griend, along with Nuffer and Rodgers. This project was presented at the Pharmacy Quality Alliance Annual Meeting in Arlington, Virginia, in May 2016.

46 CFR Table I to Part 150 - Alphabetical List of Cargoes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... (C17+) alkanoic acid 34 CUS CFT Corn syrup 43 CSY Cottonseed oil, fatty acid 34 CFY Creosote 21 2 CCT... tar 33 COR OCT Coal tar distillate 33 CDL Coal tar, high temperature 33 CHH Coal tar pitch 33 CTP... MTM Formaldehyde solution 19 2 FMS Formamide 10 FAM Formic acid 4 2 FMA Fructose solution 43 Fumaric...

46 CFR Table I to Part 150 - Alphabetical List of Cargoes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... (C17+) alkanoic acid 34 CUS CFT Corn syrup 43 CSY Cottonseed oil, fatty acid 34 CFY Creosote 21 2 CCT... tar 33 COR OCT Coal tar distillate 33 CDL Coal tar, high temperature 33 CHH Coal tar pitch 33 CTP... MTM Formaldehyde solution 19 2 FMS Formamide 10 FAM Formic acid 4 2 FMA Fructose solution 43 Fumaric...

46 CFR Table I to Part 150 - Alphabetical List of Cargoes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (C17+) alkanoic acid 34 CUS CFT Corn syrup 43 CSY Cottonseed oil, fatty acid 34 CFY Creosote 21 2 CCT... tar 33 COR OCT Coal tar distillate 33 CDL Coal tar, high temperature 33 CHH Coal tar pitch 33 CTP... MTM Formaldehyde solution 19 2 FMS Formamide 10 FAM Formic acid 4 2 FMA Fructose solution 43 Fumaric...

46 CFR Table I to Part 150 - Alphabetical List of Cargoes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... (C17+) alkanoic acid 34 CUS CFT Corn syrup 43 CSY Cottonseed oil, fatty acid 34 CFY Creosote 21 2 CCT... tar 33 COR OCT Coal tar distillate 33 CDL Coal tar, high temperature 33 CHH Coal tar pitch 33 CTP... MTM Formaldehyde solution 19 2 FMS Formamide 10 FAM Formic acid 4 2 FMA Fructose solution 43 Fumaric...

46 CFR Table I to Part 150 - Alphabetical List of Cargoes

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... (C17+) alkanoic acid 34 CUS CFT Corn syrup 43 CSY Cottonseed oil, fatty acid 34 CFY Creosote 21 2 CCT... tar 33 COR OCT Coal tar distillate 33 CDL Coal tar, high temperature 33 CHH Coal tar pitch 33 CTP... MTM Formaldehyde solution 19 2 FMS Formamide 10 FAM Formic acid 4 2 FMA Fructose solution 43 Fumaric...

Minnesota Department of Human Services audit of medication therapy management programs.

PubMed

Smith, Stephanie; Cell, Penny; Anderson, Lowell; Larson, Tom

2013-01-01

To inform medication therapy management (MTM) providers of findings of the Minnesota Department of Human Services review of claims submitted to Minnesota Health Care Programs (MHCP) for patients receiving MTM services and to discuss the impact of the audit on widespread MTM services and future audits. A retrospective review was completed on MTM claims submitted to MHCP from 2008 to 2010. The auditor verified that the Current Procedural Terminology codes billed matched the actual number of medications, conditions, and drug therapy problems assessed during an encounter. 190 claims were reviewed for 57 distinct pharmacies that billed for MTM services from 2008 to 2010, representing 4.5% of all claims submitted. The auditor reported that generally, the documentation within the electronic medical record had the least "up-coding" of all documentation systems. A total of 18 claims were coded at a higher level than appropriate, but only 10 notices were sent out to recover money because the others did not meet the minimum $50 threshold. The auditor expressed concerns that a number of claims billed at the highest complexity level were only 15 minutes long. Providers will need to be cautious of the conditions that they bill as complex and of how they define drug therapy problems. Everything for which is being billed must be clearly assessed or rationalized in the documentation note. The auditor expressed that overall, documentation was well done; however, many MTM providers are now asking how to internally prepare for future audits.

Thematic mapper protoflight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part A: Multiplexer data book 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Final performance test data for the thematic mapper flight model multiplexer are presented in tables. Aspects covered include A/D thresholds for bands 5, 6, and 7; cross talk; the thermistor; bilevel commands signal parameters; A/D threshold ambient, voltage margin low bus; serial data and bit clock parameters; and the wire check. Tests were conducted at ambient temperature.

Nacre-mimetic clay/xyloglucan bionanocomposites: a chemical modification route for hygromechanical performance at high humidity.

PubMed

Kochumalayil, Joby J; Morimune, Seira; Nishino, Takashi; Ikkala, Olli; Walther, Andreas; Berglund, Lars A

2013-11-11

Nacre-mimetic bionanocomposites of high montmorillonite (MTM) clay content, prepared from hydrocolloidal suspensions, suffer from reduced strength and stiffness at high relative humidity. We address this problem by chemical modification of xyloglucan in (XG)/MTM nacre-mimetic nanocomposites, by subjecting the XG to regioselective periodate oxidation of side chains to enable it to form covalent cross-links to hydroxyl groups in neighboring XG chains or to the MTM surface. The resulting materials are analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, carbohydrate analysis, calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, tensile tests, and oxygen barrier properties. We compare the resulting mechanical properties at low and high relative humidity. The periodate oxidation leads to a strong increase in modulus and strength of the materials. A modulus of 30 GPa for cross-linked composite at 50% relative humidity compared with 13.7 GPa for neat XG/MTM demonstrates that periodate oxidation of the XG side chains leads to crucially improved stress transfer at the XG/MTM interface, possibly through covalent bond formation. This enhanced interfacial adhesion and internal cross-linking of the matrix moreover preserves the mechanical properties at high humidity condition and leads to a Young's modulus of 21 GPa at 90%RH.

School of pharmacy-based medication therapy management program: development and initial experience.

PubMed

Lam, Annie; Odegard, Peggy Soule; Gardner, Jacqueline

2012-01-01

To describe a school of pharmacy-community pharmacy collaborative model for medication therapy management (MTM) service and training. University of Washington (UW) School of Pharmacy (Seattle), from July to December 2008. MTM services and training. A campus-based MTM pharmacy was established for teaching, practice, and collaboration with community pharmacies to provide comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) and MTM training. Number of collaborating pharmacies, number of patients contacted, number of CMRs conducted, and estimated cost avoidance (ECA). UW Pharmacy Cares was licensed as a Class A pharmacy (nondispensing) and signed "business associate" agreements with six community pharmacies. During July to December 2008, 10 faculty pharmacists completed training and 5 provided CMR services to 17 patients (5 telephonic and 12 face-to-face interviews). A total of 67 claims (17 CMRs and 50 CMR-generated claims) were submitted for reimbursement of $1,642 ($96.58/CMR case). Total ECA was $54,250, averaging $3,191.19 per patient. Seven student pharmacists gained CMR interview training. Interest in collaboration by community pharmacies was lower than expected; however, the campus-community practice model addressed unmet patient care needs, reduced outstanding MTM CMR case loads, increased ECA, and facilitated faculty development and training of student pharmacists.

HIV medication therapy management services in community pharmacies

PubMed Central

Kauffman, Yardlee; Nair, Vidya; Herist, Keith; Thomas, Vasavi; Weidle, Paul J.

2015-01-01

Objectives To present a rationale and a proposed structure to support pharmacist-delivered medication therapy management (MTM) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and to outline challenges to implementing and sustaining the service. Data sources Professional literature. Summary Historically, the effect of pharmacy services for HIV-infected persons has been demonstrated in inpatient and clinic-based settings. Developing similar programs adapted for community pharmacists could be a model of care to improve patient adherence to antiretroviral therapy and retention in care. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy and regular monitoring of CD4+ cell count, HIV RNA viral load, adverse drug events, and adherence form the backbone of successful medical management of HIV infection. Support for these services can be provided to HIV-infected patients through pharmacist-managed HIV MTM programs in community pharmacy settings in collaboration with primary providers and other health care professionals. Conclusion Community pharmacists can help meet the growing need for HIV care through provision of MTM services. Although resources have been developed, including the general MTM framework, challenges of adequate training, education, and support of community pharmacists need to be addressed in order for HIV MTM to be a successful model. PMID:23229993

Integrating home-based medication therapy management (MTM) services in a health system.

PubMed

Reidt, Shannon; Holtan, Haley; Stender, Jennifer; Salvatore, Toni; Thompson, Bruce

2016-01-01

To describe the integration of home-based Medication Therapy Management (MTM) into the ambulatory care infrastructure of a large urban health system and to discuss the outcomes of this service. Minnesota from September 2012 to December 2013. The health system has more than 50 primary care and specialty clinics. Eighteen credentialed MTM pharmacists are located in 16 different primary care and specialty settings, with the greatest number of pharmacists providing services in the internal medicine clinic. Home-based MTM was promoted throughout the clinics within the health system. Physicians, advanced practice providers, nurses, and pharmacists could refer patients to receive MTM in their homes. A home visit had the components of a clinic-based visit and was documented in the electronic health record (EHR); however, providing the service in the home allowed for a more direct assessment of environmental factors affecting medication use. Number of home MTM referrals, reason for referral and type of referring provider, number and type of medication-related problems (MRPs). In the first 15 months, 74 home visits were provided to 53 patients. Sixty-six percent of the patients were referred from the Internal Medicine Clinic. Referrals were also received from the senior care, coordinated care, and psychiatry clinics. Approximately 50% of referrals were made by physicians. More referrals (23%) were made by pharmacists compared with advanced practice providers, who made 21% of referrals. The top 3 reasons for referral were: nonadherence, transportation barriers, and the need for medication reconciliation with a home care nurse. Patients had a median of 3 MRPs with the most common (40%) MRP related to compliance. Home-based MTM is feasibly delivered within the ambulatory care infrastructure of a health system with sufficient provider engagement as demonstrated by referrals to the service. Copyright © 2016 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Native and microwave-modified Terminalia mantaly gums as sustained-release and bioadhesive excipients in naproxen matrix tablet formulations.

PubMed

Odeniyi, Michael Ayodele; Oyedokun, Babatunde Mukhtar; Bamiro, Oluyemisi Adebowale

2017-01-01

Hydrophilic polymers provide a means of sustaining drug delivery. Native gums may be limited in function, but modification may improve their activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate native and modified forms of Terminalia mantaly gum for their sustained-release and bioadhesive properties. The native gum (NTM) was modified by microwave irradiation for 20 seconds (MTM20) and 60 seconds (MTM60) and characterized using microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and packing properties. The effects of the thermally induced molecular reorientation were determined. Tablet formulations of naproxen were produced by direct compression. The mechanical, bioadhesive and release properties of the formulations were determined. Irradiation of NTM improved the gum's flow properties, resulting in Carr's Index and Hausner's ratios lower than 16% and 1.25, respectively. Swelling studies showed that MTM20 and MTM60 had lower water absorption capacity and swelling index values, while packing properties improved upon irradiation, as depicted by lower tapped density values. FTIR spectra of samples showed that the irradiated gums were distinct from the native gums and did not interact with naproxen sodium. The gum's mechanical properties improved with MTM20 and MTM60 and sustained-release action of up 12 h was obtained. Inclusion of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in the tablet formulations proved critical for bioadhesion. Microwave irradiation of native Terminalia mantaly gum improved the flow, mechanical and sustained-release properties of Naproxen tablets, and the addition of HPMC increased bioadhesion properties. The tablet properties of the native gum were significantly improved after 20 s of microwave irradiation.

75 FR 438 - Notice of Invitation-Coal Exploration License Application MTM 99242

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

...] Notice of Invitation--Coal Exploration License Application MTM 99242 AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management... Energy Company in a program for the exploration of coal deposits owned by the United States of America in... section [[Page 439

Applying a new theory to smoking cessation: case of multi-theory model (MTM) for health behavior change.

PubMed

Sharma, Manoj; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Nahar, Vinayak K

2017-01-01

Background: Smoking continues to be a public health problem worldwide. Smoking and tobacco use are associated with cardiovascular diseases that include coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Programs for quitting smoking have played a significant role in reduction of smoking in the United States. The smoking cessation interventions include counseling, nicotine replacement therapy, buproprion therapy, and varenicline therapy. The success rates with each of these approaches vary with clear need for improvement. Moreover, there is a need for a robust theory that can guide smoking cessation counseling interventions and increase the success rates. A fourth generation approach using multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change is introduced in this article for smoking cessation. An approach for developing and evaluating an intervention for smoking cessation is presented along with a measurement tool. Methods: A literature review reifying the MTM of health behavior change for smoking cessation has been presented. An instrument designed to measure constructs of MTM and associated smoking cessation behavior has been developed. Results: The instrument developed is available for validation, reliability and prediction study pertaining to smoking cessation. The intervention is available for testing in a randomized control trial involving smokers. Conclusion: MTM is a robust theory that holds promise for testing and application to smoking cessation.

Observing Equatorial Thermospheric Winds and Temperatures with a New Mapping Technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faivre, M. W.; Meriwether, J. W.; Sherwood, P.; Veliz, O.

2005-12-01

Application of the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) at Arequipa, Peru (16.4S, 71.4 W) to measure the Doppler shifts and Doppler broadenings in the equatorial O(1D) 630-nm nightglow has resulted in numerous detections of a large-scale thermospheric phenomenon called the Midnight Temperature Maximum (MTM). A recent detector upgrade with a CCD camera has improved the accuracy of these measurements by a factor of 5. Temperature increases of 50 to 150K have been measured during nights in April and July, 2005, with error bars less than 10K after averaging in all directions. Moreover, the meridional wind measurements show evidence for a flow reversal from equatorward to poleward near local midnight for such events. A new observing strategy based upon the pioneering work of Burnside et al.[1981] maps the equatorial wind and temperature fields by observing in eight equally-spaced azimuth directions, each with a zenith angle of 60 degrees. Analysis of the data obtained with this technique gives the mean wind velocities in the meridional and zonal directions as well as the horizontal gradients of the wind field for these directions. Significant horizontal wind gradients are found for the meridional direction but not for the zonal direction. The zonal wind blows eastward throughout the night with a maximum speed of ~150 m/s near the middle of the night and then decreases towards zero just before dawn. In general, the fastest poleward meridional wind is observed near mid-evening. By the end of the night, the meridional flow tends to be more equatorward at speeds of about 50 m/s. Using the assumption that local time and longitude are equivalent over a period of 30 minutes, a map of the horizontal wind field vector field is constructed over a range of 12 degrees latitude centered at 16.5 S. Comparison between MTM nights and quiet nights (no MTM) revealed significant differences in the horizontal wind fields. Using the method of Fourier decomposition of the line-of-sight winds, the vertical wind can be retrieved from the horizontal flow divergence with a much-improved sensitivity than that represented by direct zenith measurements. The value of the vertical wind speed ranges from -5 to 5 m/s. Some nights seem to present gravity wave activity with periodic fluctuations of 1-2 hours visible in the vertical winds as well as in the temperature series.

Long-term effects of systemic gene therapy in a canine model of myotubular myopathy.

PubMed

Elverman, Matthew; Goddard, Melissa A; Mack, David; Snyder, Jessica M; Lawlor, Michael W; Meng, Hui; Beggs, Alan H; Buj-Bello, Ana; Poulard, Karine; Marsh, Anthony P; Grange, Robert W; Kelly, Valerie E; Childers, Martin K

2017-11-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), a devastating pediatric disease caused by the absence of the protein myotubularin, results from mutations in the MTM1 gene. While there is no cure for XLMTM, we previously reported effects of MTM1 gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector on muscle weakness and pathology in MTM1-mutant dogs. Here, we followed 2 AAV-infused dogs over 4 years. We evaluated gait, strength, respiration, neurological function, muscle pathology, AAV vector copy number (VCN), and transgene expression. Four years following AAV-mediated gene therapy, gait, respiratory performance, neurological function and pathology in AAV-infused XLMTM dogs remained comparable to their healthy littermate controls despite a decline in VCN and muscle strength. AAV-mediated gene transfer of MTM1 in young XLMTM dogs results in long-term expression of myotubularin transgene with normal muscular performance and neurological function in the absence of muscle pathology. These findings support a clinical trial in patients. Muscle Nerve 56: 943-953, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Challenges to Integrating Pharmacogenetic Testing into Medication Therapy Management

PubMed Central

Allen LaPointe, Nancy M.; Moaddeb, Jivan

2015-01-01

Background Some have proposed the integration of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing into medication therapy management (MTM) to enable further refinement of treatment(s) to reduce risk of adverse responses and improve efficacy. PGx testing involves the analysis of genetic variants associated with therapeutic or adverse response and may be useful in enhancing the ability to identify ineffective and/or harmful drugs or drug combinations. This “enhanced” MTM might also reduce patient concerns about side effects and increase confidence that the medication is effective, addressing two key factors that impact patient adherence - concern and necessity. However, the feasibility and effectiveness of the integration of PGx testing into MTM in clinical practice has not yet been determined. Objectives In this paper, we consider some of the challenges to the integration and delivery of PGx testing in MTM services. What is already known about this subject While the addition of pharmacogenetic testing has been suggested, little literature exists exploring the challenges or feasibility of doing so. PMID:25803768

Multi-Objective Optimization of Fleet-Level Metrics to Determine New System Design Requirements: An Application to Military Air Cargo Fuel Efficiency

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-30

15, 2014 11:15 a.m. – 12: 45 p.m. Chair: Ken Mitchell Jr., Director, Research and Analysis, Defense Logistics Agency Mixture Distributions for...póåÉêÖó=Ñçê=fåÑçêãÉÇ=`Ü~åÖÉ= = - 276 - DOC = direct operating cost MTM /D = million ton-miles per day Op,i = indicates if airport i is the initial...highest level of modeled strategic airlift demand, required 32.7 million ton-miles per day ( MTM /D). MTM /D values for each type of aircraft are

Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, Tucson, AZ 2007

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gregg, Tracy K.P.; Tanaka, Kenneth L.; Saunders, R. Stephen; Bleamaster, Leslie F.

2007-01-01

Introduction Report of the Annual Mappers Meeting Planetary Science Institute Tucson, Arizona June 28 and 29, 2007 Approximately 22 people attended this year's mappers meeting, and many more submitted abstracts and maps in absentia. The 2007 meeting was convened by Tracy Gregg, Les Bleamaster, Steve Saunders, and Ken Tanaka and was hosted by David Crown and Les Bleamaster of the Planetary Science Institute (PSI) in Tucson, Arizona. Oral presentations and poster discussions took place on Thursday, June 28 and Friday, June 29. This year's meeting also included a unique opportunity to visit the operations centers of two active Mars missions; field trips to the University of Arizona took place on Thursday and Friday afternoons. Outgoing Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GEMS) chairperson, Tracy Gregg, commenced the meeting with an introduction and David Crown followed with a discussion of logistics and the PSI facility; Steve Saunders (Planetary Geology and Geophysics Discipline Scientist) then provided a brief program update. Science presentations kicked off with Venus mapper Vicki Hansen and graduate students Eric Tharalson and Bhairavi Shankar of the University of Minnesota, Duluth, showing a 3-D animation of the global distribution of tesserae and discussing the implications, a progress report for V-45 quadrangle mapping, and a brief discussion of circular lows. Les Bleamaster (PSI) followed with a progress report on mapping of the V-50 quadrangle and the 1:10M Helen Planitia quadrangle. David Crown (PSI) concluded the Venus presentations with a discussion of progress made on the V-30 quadrangle. The remainder of Thursday's presentations jumped around the Solar System including Mars, Io, and Earth. Ken Tanaka of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began the afternoon with a general discussion of the status of the planetary mapping program at USGS. Buck Janes (University of Arizona) provided background information about the Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) and presented some new element maps, which may be useful for geologic mapping. Dave Williams of Arizona State University reported on the progress of his global Io map and James Dohm (University of Arizona) discussed results of terrestrial remote mapping studies. Thursday afternoon, the mappers were given a tour of the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) operations facility and were given some basic information about how the images are obtained, processed, and publicly released. With official GEMS transition completed at lunch on Thursday, incoming GEMS chair Leslie Bleamaster took the reigns of Friday's meeting. Science presentations began with Ken Tanaka discussing 1:20M-scale global and 1:2M-scale polar mapping of Mars. Jim Zimbelman (Smithsonian Institution) described his 1:1M Medusae Fossae map (MC-8 SE), which is nearing completion, and new mapping (MC-16 NW and MC-23 NW) to further evaluate the Medusae Fossae. Brent Garry, also of the Smithsonian Institution, presented work on Ascraeus Mons. Peter Mouginis-Mark (University of Hawai`i) reported progress on his 1:200K and larger maps of Tooting crater and of the Olympus Mons summit caldera. Laszlo Keszthelyi (USGS) presented mapping of Athabasca Valles, with much of the credit going to Windy Jaeger. Jim Skinner (USGS) introduced a new mapping project including nine MTM quadrangles in the Utopia Planitia region. Tracy Gregg finished off the day's science presentations with discussion of Hesperia Planum. After discussion was complete, the group once again traveled to the University of Arizona - this time for a tour of the Mars Phoenix operations center. Principal Investigator Peter Smith beamed as he led mappers through the multi-million dollar facility. A main topic of discussion throughout the entire meeting was that of nomenclature, specifically how to classify the individual depressions at the tops of volcanoes. Paterae, as has been used for Mars, Venus, and Io, was suggested, but i

Removal of carbamates and detoxification potential in a biomixture: Fungal bioaugmentation versus traditional use.

PubMed

Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Carlos E; Madrigal-León, Karina; Masís-Mora, Mario; Pérez-Villanueva, Marta; Chin-Pampillo, Juan Salvador

2017-01-01

The use of fungal bioaugmentation represents a promising way to improve the performance of biomixtures for the elimination of pesticides. The ligninolyitc fungus Trametes versicolor was employed for the removal of three carbamates (aldicarb, ALD; methomyl, MTM; and methiocarb, MTC) in defined liquid medium; in this matrix ALD and MTM showed similar half-lives (14d), nonetheless MTC exhibited a faster removal, with a half-life of 6.5d. Then the fungus was employed in the bioaugmentation of an optimized biomixture to remove the aforementioned carbamates plus carbofuran (CFN). Bioaugmented and non-bioaugmented systems removed over 99% ALD and MTM after 8d of treatment, nonetheless a slight initial delay in the removal was observed in the bioaugmented biomixtures (removal after 3d: ALD 87%/97%; MTM 86%/99%, in bioaugmented/non-bioaugmented systems). The elimination of the other carbamates was slower, but independent of the presence of the fungus: >98% for MTM after 35d and >99.5% for CFN after 22d. Though the bioaugmentation did not improve the removal capacity of the biomixture, it favored a lower production of transformation products at the first stages of the treatment, and in both cases, a marked decrease in the toxicity of the matrix was swiftly achieved along the process (from 435 to 448 TU to values <1TU in 16d). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Impact of passive and active promotional strategies on patient acceptance of medication therapy management services.

PubMed

Huet, Alison L; Frail, Caitlin K; Lake, Leslie M; Snyder, Margie E

2015-01-01

To assess the impact of passive and active promotional strategies on patient acceptance of medication therapy management (MTM) services, and to identify reasons for patient acceptance or refusal. Four promotional approaches were developed to offer MTM services to eligible patients, including letters and bag stuffers ("passive" approaches), and face-to-face offers and telephone calls ("active" approaches). Thirty pharmacies in a grocery store chain were randomized to one of the four approaches. Patient acceptance rates were compared among the four groups, and between active and passive approaches using hierarchical logistic regression techniques. Depending on their decision to accept or decline the service, patients were invited to take part in one of two brief telephone surveys. No significant differences were identified among the four promotional methods or between active and passive methods in the analyses. Patients' most frequent reasons for accepting MTM services were potential cost savings, review of how the medications were working, the expert opinion of the pharmacist, and education about medications. Patients' most frequent reasons for declining MTM services were that the participant already felt comfortable with their medications and felt their pharmacist provides these services on a regular basis. No significant difference was found among any of the four groups or between active or passive approaches. Further research is warranted to identify strategies for improving patient engagement in MTM services.

EFFECTS OF MOUNTAINTOP MINING/VALLEY FILL (MTM/VF) ON FUNCTIONAL INDICATORS IN APPALACHIAN HEADWATER STREAMS

EPA Science Inventory

The objectives of this poster were 1)to evaluate the impact of MTM/VF on the functional attributes SOD, soil/sediment respiration rate, soil/sediment DEA and dissolved trace gas concentrations across gradients of mining disturbance and hydrolgy and 2)compare these functional attr...

Evaluation of Eligibility Criteria Used to Identify Patients for Medication Therapy Management Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Medicare Advantage Part D Population.

PubMed

Lee, Janet S; Yang, Jianing; Stockl, Karen M; Lew, Heidi; Solow, Brian K

2016-01-01

General eligibility criteria used by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to identify patients for medication therapy management (MTM) services include having multiple chronic conditions, taking multiple Part D drugs, and being likely to incur annual drug costs that exceed a predetermined threshold. The performance of these criteria in identifying patients in greatest need of MTM services is unknown. Although there are numerous possible versions of MTM identification algorithms that satisfy these criteria, there are limited data that evaluate the performance of MTM services using eligibility thresholds representative of those used by the majority of Part D sponsors. To (a) evaluate the performance of the 2013 CMS MTM eligibility criteria thresholds in identifying Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug (MAPD) plan patients with at least 2 drug therapy problems (DTPs) relative to alternative criteria threshold levels and (b) identify additional patient risk factors significantly associated with the number of DTPs for consideration as potential future MTM eligibility criteria. All patients in the Medicare Advantage Part D population who had pharmacy eligibility as of December 31, 2013, were included in this retrospective cohort study. Study outcomes included 7 different types of DTPs: use of high-risk medications in the elderly, gaps in medication therapy, medication nonadherence, drug-drug interactions, duplicate therapy, drug-disease interactions, and brand-to-generic conversion opportunities. DTPs were identified for each member based on 6 months of most recent pharmacy claims data and 14 months of most recent medical claims data. Risk factors examined in this study included patient demographics and prior health care utilization in the most recent 6 months. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics and to evaluate unadjusted relationships between the average number of DTPs identified per patient and each risk factor. Quartile values identified in the study population for number of diseases, number of drugs, and annual spend were used as potential new criteria thresholds, resulting in 27 new MTM criteria combinations. The performance of each eligibility criterion was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs), and negative predictive values (NPVs). Patients identified with at least 2 DTPs were defined as those who would benefit from MTM services and were used as the gold standard. As part of a sensitivity analysis, patients identified with at least 1 DTP were used as the gold standard. Lastly, a multivariable negative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between each risk factor and the number of identified DTPs per patient while controlling for the patients' number of drugs, number of chronic diseases, and annual drug spend. A total of 2,578,336 patients were included in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of CMS MTM criteria for the 2013 plan year were 15.3%, 95.6%, 51.3%, and 78.8%, respectively. Sensitivity and PPV improved when the drug count threshold increased from 8 to 10, and when the annual drug cost decreased from $3,144 to $2,239 or less. Results were consistent when at least 1 DTP was used as the gold standard. The adjusted rate of DTPs was significantly greater among patients identified with higher drug and disease counts, annual drug spend, and prior ER or outpatient or hospital visits. Patients with higher median household incomes who were male, younger, or white had significantly lower rates of DTPs. The performance of MTM eligibility criteria can be improved by increasing the threshold values for drug count while decreasing the threshold value for annual drug spend. Furthermore, additional risk factors, such as a recent ER or hospital visit, may be considered as potential MTM eligibility criteria.

Modeling behavioral thermoregulation in a climate change sentinel.

PubMed

Moyer-Horner, Lucas; Mathewson, Paul D; Jones, Gavin M; Kearney, Michael R; Porter, Warren P

2015-12-01

When possible, many species will shift in elevation or latitude in response to rising temperatures. However, before such shifts occur, individuals will first tolerate environmental change and then modify their behavior to maintain heat balance. Behavioral thermoregulation allows animals a range of climatic tolerances and makes predicting geographic responses under future warming scenarios challenging. Because behavioral modification may reduce an individual's fecundity by, for example, limiting foraging time and thus caloric intake, we must consider the range of behavioral options available for thermoregulation to accurately predict climate change impacts on individual species. To date, few studies have identified mechanistic links between an organism's daily activities and the need to thermoregulate. We used a biophysical model, Niche Mapper, to mechanistically model microclimate conditions and thermoregulatory behavior for a temperature-sensitive mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps). Niche Mapper accurately simulated microclimate conditions, as well as empirical metabolic chamber data for a range of fur properties, animal sizes, and environmental parameters. Niche Mapper predicted pikas would be behaviorally constrained because of the need to thermoregulate during the hottest times of the day. We also showed that pikas at low elevations could receive energetic benefits by being smaller in size and maintaining summer pelage during longer stretches of the active season under a future warming scenario. We observed pika behavior for 288 h in Glacier National Park, Montana, and thermally characterized their rocky, montane environment. We found that pikas were most active when temperatures were cooler, and at sites characterized by high elevations and north-facing slopes. Pikas became significantly less active across a suite of behaviors in the field when temperatures surpassed 20°C, which supported a metabolic threshold predicted by Niche Mapper. In general, mechanistic predictions and empirical observations were congruent. This research is unique in providing both an empirical and mechanistic description of the effects of temperature on a mammalian sentinel of climate change, the American pika. Our results suggest that previously underinvestigated characteristics, specifically fur properties and body size, may play critical roles in pika populations' response to climate change. We also demonstrate the potential importance of considering behavioral thermoregulation and microclimate variability when predicting animal responses to climate change.

Application of Landsat Thematic Mapper data for coastal thermal plume analysis at Diablo Canyon

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gibbons, D. E.; Wukelic, G. E.; Leighton, J. P.; Doyle, M. J.

1989-01-01

The possibility of using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) thermal data to derive absolute temperature distributions in coastal waters that receive cooling effluent from a power plant is demonstrated. Landsat TM band 6 (thermal) data acquired on June 18, 1986, for the Diablo Canyon power plant in California were compared to ground truth temperatures measured at the same time. Higher-resolution band 5 (reflectance) data were used to locate power plant discharge and intake positions and identify locations of thermal pixels containing only water, no land. Local radiosonde measurements, used in LOWTRAN 6 adjustments for atmospheric effects, produced corrected ocean surface radiances that, when converted to temperatures, gave values within approximately 0.6 C of ground truth. A contour plot was produced that compared power plant plume temperatures with those of the ocean and coastal environment. It is concluded that Landsat can provide good estimates of absolute temperatures of the coastal power plant thermal plume. Moreover, quantitative information on ambient ocean surface temperature conditions (e.g., upwelling) may enhance interpretation of numerical model prediction.

77 FR 71822 - Notice of Invitation-Coal Exploration License Application MTM 103852, MT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-04

...] Notice of Invitation--Coal Exploration License Application MTM 103852, MT AGENCY: Bureau of Land... Ambre Energy on a pro rata cost sharing basis in a program for the exploration of coal deposits owned by... program is to gain additional geologic knowledge of the coal underlying the exploration area for the...

Effects of Rosemary Oil (Rosmarinus officinalis) On The Shelf-Life of Minced Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during Refrigerated Storage

PubMed Central

Peiretti, Pier Giorgio; Gai, Francesco; Ortoffi, Marco; Aigotti, Riccardo; Medana, Claudio

2012-01-01

The effects of three concentrations (0.2%, 1% and 3%) of rosemary oil (RO) on the freshness indicators, oxidative stability, fatty acid and biogenic amine (BA) contents of minced rainbow trout muscle (MTM) were investigated after different periods of storage (three and nine days) at 4 ± 1 °C. Moreover, the terpene and sesquiterpene contents in the treated MTM were also measured. RO treatment improves the pH, oxidative stability of the lipids and the FA profile, which resulted in a significant extension of MTM shelf-life. Storage time influenced all freshness indicators, with the exception of yellowness and chroma. Treatment with RO had a positive effect, leading to low BA content, especially putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine and histamine. Differences in BA were also found to be due to storage time, with the exception of spermidine, which was not influenced by time. Moreover, the presence of the terpenoid fraction of RO in MTM improved the quality of this ready-to-cook fish food. PMID:28239089

Donating money is not the only way to sustain cooperation in public goods game

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Tong; Wu, Zheng-Hong; Wang, Le

Most of the previous studies research cooperation mainly based on donating money in social public goods games. Owing to the lack of income, some people prefer to donate time instead of money to promote the activity, in our daily life. Motivated by this fact, we here investigate the influence of the encouragement of donating time on the evolution of cooperation based on village opera. In our study, we set up two models: one is money-only model (MOM). Donating money is the only choice in MOM. The other is money-time model (MTM). Besides donating money, donating time is an alternative in MTM. Through numerical simulations, we find that compared to MOM, MTM has a faster speed to reach cooperation equilibrium and cost advantage to sustain the same cooperation level, without the effects of income, reputation, satisfaction, emotion and maximum nonmonetary input. However, it should be noted that MTM is better than MOM in a moderate interval of general budget V. Our results provide stark evidence that the encouragement of donating time can promote and sustain cooperation better than only donating money.

Potential cost savings of medication therapy management in safety-net clinics.

PubMed

Truong, Hoai-An; Groves, C Nicole; Congdon, Heather B; Dang, Diem-Thanh Tanya; Botchway, Rosemary; Thomas, Jennifer

2015-01-01

To evaluate potential cost savings based on estimated cost avoidance from medication therapy management (MTM) services delivered in safety-net clinics over 4 years. High-risk patients taking multiple medications and with chronic conditions were referred for MTM services in primary care safety-net clinics in Maryland from October 1, 2009, to September 30, 2013. Medication-related problems (MRPs) were identified and pharmacists' costs determined to evaluate the estimated cost savings and return on investment (ROI). A range of potential economic outcomes for each MRP identified was assigned to a cost avoidance for outpatient visit, urgent care visit, emergency department visit, and/or hospitalization. Over 4 years, 246 patients received MTM, nearly 2,100 medications were reviewed, and 814 MRPs were identified. The most common MRPs identified were subtherapeutic doses, nonadherence, and untreated indications, with respective prevalences of 38%, 19%, and 16%. The corresponding costs of medical services were estimated at $115,220-$614,570 for all MRPs identified, yielding a mean of $141.55-$755.00 per identified MRP. Pharmacists' expenses for encounters were calculated at a total expenditure of $57,307.50 for 16,965 minutes. ROI based on the time spent during billable face-to-face encounters ranged from 1:5 to 1:25. Pharmacist-provided MTM in safety-net clinics yielded potential economic benefits to the organization. The Primary Care Coalition of Montgomery County plans to expand MTM services to additional clinics to improve patient care and increase cost savings through preventable medical services.

Are residents of mountain-top mining counties more likely to have infants with birth defects? The West Virginia experience.

PubMed

Lamm, Steven H; Li, Ji; Robbins, Shayhan A; Dissen, Elisabeth; Chen, Rusan; Feinleib, Manning

2015-02-01

Pooled 1996 to 2003 birth certificate data for four central states in Appalachia indicated higher rates of infants with birth defects born to residents of counties with mountain-top mining (MTM) than born to residents of non-mining-counties (Ahern 2011). However, those analyses did not consider sources of uncertainty such as unbalanced distributions or quality of data. Quality issues have been a continuing problem with birth certificate analyses. We used 1990 to 2009 live birth certificate data for West Virginia to reassess this hypothesis. Forty-four hospitals contributed 98% of the MTM-county births and 95% of the non-mining-county births, of which six had more than 1000 births from both MTM and nonmining counties. Adjusted and stratified prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) were computed both by using Poisson regression and Mantel-Haenszel analysis. Unbalanced distribution of hospital births was observed by mining groups. The prevalence rate of infants with reported birth defects, higher in MTM-counties (0.021) than in non-mining-counties (0.015), yielded a significant crude PRR (cPRR = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36-1.52) but a nonsignificant hospital-adjusted PRR (adjPRR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.97-1.20; p = 0.16) for the 44 hospitals. So did the six hospital data analysis ([cPRR = 2.39; 95% CI = 2.15-2.65] and [adjPRR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.89-1.14; p = 0.87]). No increased risk of birth defects was observed for births from MTM-counties after adjustment for, or stratification by, hospital of birth. These results have consistently demonstrated that the reported association between birth defect rates and MTM coal mining was a consequence of data heterogeneity. The data do not demonstrate evidence of a "Mountain-top Mining" effect on the prevalence of infants with reported birth defects in WV. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

78 FR 76319 - Notice of Invitation-Coal Exploration License Application MTM 106757, Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-17

...] Notice of Invitation--Coal Exploration License Application MTM 106757, Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land... Signal Peak Energy, LLC on a pro rata cost sharing basis in a program for the exploration of coal... Office coal Web site at http://www.blm.gov/mt/st/en/prog/energy/coal.html . A written notice to...

76 FR 31976 - Notice of Invitation-Coal Exploration License Application MTM 101688

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

...] Notice of Invitation--Coal Exploration License Application MTM 101688 AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management... Creek Coal Company on a pro rata cost sharing basis in a program for the exploration of coal deposits... notice to both the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Spring Creek Coal Company as provided in the...

Chronic Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Mountaintop Mining Areas of Central Appalachian States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Esch, Laura; Hendryx, Michael

2011-01-01

Purpose: To determine if chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates are higher among residents of mountaintop mining (MTM) areas compared to mining and nonmining areas, and to examine the association between greater levels of MTM surface mining and CVD mortality. Methods: Age-adjusted chronic CVD mortality rates from 1999 to 2006 for…

75 FR 62137 - Notice of Public Meeting; Proposed Alluvial Valley Floor Coal Exchange Public Interest Factors...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-07

...; MTM-99236] Notice of Public Meeting; Proposed Alluvial Valley Floor Coal Exchange Public Interest... (SMCRA) of 1977. This exchange (serial number MTM-99236) has been proposed by Jay Nance, Brett A... Director. [FR Doc. 2010-25060 Filed 10-6-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-DN-P ...

Simulating polar bear energetics during a seasonal fast using a mechanistic model.

PubMed

Mathewson, Paul D; Porter, Warren P

2013-01-01

In this study we tested the ability of a mechanistic model (Niche Mapper™) to accurately model adult, non-denning polar bear (Ursus maritimus) energetics while fasting during the ice-free season in the western Hudson Bay. The model uses a steady state heat balance approach, which calculates the metabolic rate that will allow an animal to maintain its core temperature in its particular microclimate conditions. Predicted weight loss for a 120 day fast typical of the 1990s was comparable to empirical studies of the population, and the model was able to reach a heat balance at the target metabolic rate for the entire fast, supporting use of the model to explore the impacts of climate change on polar bears. Niche Mapper predicted that all but the poorest condition bears would survive a 120 day fast under current climate conditions. When the fast extended to 180 days, Niche Mapper predicted mortality of up to 18% for males. Our results illustrate how environmental conditions, variation in animal properties, and thermoregulation processes may impact survival during extended fasts because polar bears were predicted to require additional energetic expenditure for thermoregulation during a 180 day fast. A uniform 3°C temperature increase reduced male mortality during a 180 day fast from 18% to 15%. Niche Mapper explicitly links an animal's energetics to environmental conditions and thus can be a valuable tool to help inform predictions of climate-related population changes. Since Niche Mapper is a generic model, it can make energetic predictions for other species threatened by climate change.

Simulating Polar Bear Energetics during a Seasonal Fast Using a Mechanistic Model

PubMed Central

Mathewson, Paul D.; Porter, Warren P.

2013-01-01

In this study we tested the ability of a mechanistic model (Niche Mapper™) to accurately model adult, non-denning polar bear (Ursus maritimus) energetics while fasting during the ice-free season in the western Hudson Bay. The model uses a steady state heat balance approach, which calculates the metabolic rate that will allow an animal to maintain its core temperature in its particular microclimate conditions. Predicted weight loss for a 120 day fast typical of the 1990s was comparable to empirical studies of the population, and the model was able to reach a heat balance at the target metabolic rate for the entire fast, supporting use of the model to explore the impacts of climate change on polar bears. Niche Mapper predicted that all but the poorest condition bears would survive a 120 day fast under current climate conditions. When the fast extended to 180 days, Niche Mapper predicted mortality of up to 18% for males. Our results illustrate how environmental conditions, variation in animal properties, and thermoregulation processes may impact survival during extended fasts because polar bears were predicted to require additional energetic expenditure for thermoregulation during a 180 day fast. A uniform 3°C temperature increase reduced male mortality during a 180 day fast from 18% to 15%. Niche Mapper explicitly links an animal’s energetics to environmental conditions and thus can be a valuable tool to help inform predictions of climate-related population changes. Since Niche Mapper is a generic model, it can make energetic predictions for other species threatened by climate change. PMID:24019883

LANDSAT-4 MSS and Thematic Mapper data quality and information content analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anuta, P.; Bartolucci, L.; Dean, E.; Lozano, F.; Malaret, E.; Mcgillem, C. D.; Valdes, J.; Valenzuela, C.

1984-01-01

LANDSAT-4 thematic mapper (TM) and multispectral scanner (MSS) data were analyzed to obtain information on data quality and information content. Geometric evaluations were performed to test band-to-band registration accuracy. Thematic mapper overall system resolution was evaluated using scene objects which demonstrated sharp high contrast edge responses. Radiometric evaluation included detector relative calibration, effects of resampling, and coherent noise effects. Information content evaluation was carried out using clustering, principal components, transformed divergence separability measure, and supervised classifiers on test data. A detailed spectral class analysis (multispectral classification) was carried out to compare the information content of the MSS and TM for a large number of scene classes. A temperature-mapping experiment was carried out for a cooling pond to test the quality of thermal-band calibration. Overall TM data quality is very good. The MSS data are noisier than previous LANDSAT results.

Inhibition of Activin Receptor Type IIB Increases Strength and Lifespan in Myotubularin-Deficient Mice

PubMed Central

Lawlor, Michael W.; Read, Benjamin P.; Edelstein, Rachel; Yang, Nicole; Pierson, Christopher R.; Stein, Matthew J.; Wermer-Colan, Ariana; Buj-Bello, Anna; Lachey, Jennifer L.; Seehra, Jasbir S.; Beggs, Alan H.

2011-01-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a congenital disorder caused by deficiency of the lipid phosphatase, myotubularin. Patients with XLMTM often have severe perinatal weakness that requires mechanical ventilation to prevent death from respiratory failure. Muscle biopsy specimens from patients with XLMTM exhibit small myofibers with central nuclei and central aggregations of organelles in many cells. It was postulated that therapeutically increasing muscle fiber size would cause symptomatic improvement in myotubularin deficiency. Recent studies have elucidated an important role for the activin-receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) in regulation of muscle growth and have demonstrated that ActRIIB inhibition results in significant muscle hypertrophy. To evaluate whether promoting muscle hypertrophy can attenuate symptoms resulting from myotubularin deficiency, the effect of ActRIIB-mFC treatment was determined in myotubularin-deficient (Mtm1δ4) mice. Compared with wild-type mice, untreated Mtm1δ4 mice have decreased body weight, skeletal muscle hypotrophy, and reduced survival. Treatment of Mtm1δ4 mice with ActRIIB-mFC produced a 17% extension of lifespan, with transient increases in weight, forelimb grip strength, and myofiber size. Pathologic analysis of Mtm1δ4 mice during treatment revealed that ActRIIB-mFC produced marked hypertrophy restricted to type 2b myofibers, which suggests that oxidative fibers in Mtm1δ4 animals are incapable of a hypertrophic response in this setting. These results support ActRIIB-mFC as an effective treatment for the weakness observed in myotubularin deficiency. PMID:21281811

Attracting Students to Space Science Fields: Mission to Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Congdon, Donald R.; Lovegrove, William P.; Samec, Ronald G.

Attracting high school students to space science is one of the main goals of Bob Jones University's annual Mission to Mars (MTM). MTM develops interest in space exploration through a highly realistic simulated trip to Mars. Students study and learn to appreciate the challenges of space travel including propulsion life support medicine planetary astronomy psychology robotics and communication. Broken into teams (Management Spacecraft Design Communications Life Support Navigation Robotics and Science) they address the problems specific to each aspect of the mission. Teams also learn to interact and recognize that a successful mission requires cooperation. Coordinated by the Management Team the students build a spacecraft and associated apparatus connect computers and communications equipment train astronauts on the mission simulator and program a Pathfinder-type robot. On the big day the astronauts enter the spacecraft as Mission Control gets ready to support them through the expected and unexpected of their mission. Aided by teamwork the astronauts must land on Mars perform their scientific mission on a simulated surface of mars and return home. We see the success of MTM not only in successful missions but in the students who come back year after year for another MTM.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Meeting MTM Eligibility Criteria Based on Star Ratings Compared with the Medicare Modernization Act.

PubMed

Spivey, Christina A; Wang, Junling; Qiao, Yanru; Shih, Ya-Chen Tina; Wan, Jim Y; Kuhle, Julie; Dagogo-Jack, Samuel; Cushman, William C; Chisholm-Burns, Marie

2018-02-01

Previous research found racial and ethnic disparities in meeting medication therapy management (MTM) eligibility criteria implemented by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) in accordance with the Medicare Modernization Act (MMA). To examine whether alternative MTM eligibility criteria based on the CMS Part D star ratings quality evaluation system can reduce racial and ethnic disparities. This study analyzed the Beneficiary Summary File and claims files for Medicare beneficiaries linked to the Area Health Resource File. Three million Medicare beneficiaries with continuous Parts A, B, and D enrollment in 2012-2013 were included. Proposed star ratings criteria included 9 existing medication safety and adherence measures developed mostly by the Pharmacy Quality Alliance. Logistic regression and the Blinder-Oaxaca approach were used to test disparities in meeting MMA and star ratings eligibility criteria across racial and ethnic groups. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine whether there was a disparity reduction by comparing individuals who were MTM-eligible under MMA but not under star ratings criteria and those who were MTM-eligible under star ratings criteria but not under the MMA. Concerning MMA-based MTM criteria, main and sensitivity analyses were performed to represent the entire range of the MMA eligibility thresholds reported by plans in 2009, 2013, and proposed by CMS in 2015. Regarding star ratings criteria, meeting any 1 of the 9 measures was examined as the main analysis, and various measure combinations were examined as the sensitivity analyses. In the main analysis, adjusted odds ratios for non-Hispanic blacks (backs) and Hispanics to non-Hispanic whites (whites) were 1.394 (95% CI = 1.375-1.414) and 1.197 (95% CI = 1.176-1.218), respectively, under star ratings. Blacks were 39.4% and Hispanics were 19.7% more likely to be MTM-eligible than whites. Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to be MTM-eligible than whites in some sensitivity analyses. Disparities were not completely explained by differences in patient characteristics based on the Blinder-Oaxaca approach. The multinomial logistic regression of each main analysis found significant adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR) between whites and blacks for 2009 (RRR = 0.459, 95% CI = 0.438-0.481); 2013 (RRR = 0.449, 95% CI = 0.434-0.465); and 2015 (RRR = 0.436, 95% CI = 0.425-0.446) and between whites and Hispanics for 2009 (RRR = 0.559, 95% CI = 0.528-0.593); 2013 (RRR = 0.544, 95% CI = 0.521-0.569); and 2015 (RRR = 0.503, 95% CI = 0.488-0.518). These findings indicate a significant reduction in racial and ethnic disparities when using star ratings eligibility criteria; for example, black-white disparities in the likelihood of meeting MTM eligibility criteria were reduced by 55.1% based on star ratings compared with MMA in 2013. Similar patterns were found in most sensitivity and disease-specific analyses. This study found that minorities were more likely than whites to be MTM-eligible under the star ratings criteria. In addition, MTM eligibility criteria based on star ratings would reduce racial and ethnic disparities associated with MMA in the general Medicare population and those with specific chronic conditions. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01AG049696. The content of this study is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Cushman reports an Eli Lilly grant and uncompensated consulting for Takeda Pharmaceuticals outside this work. The other authors have no potential conflicts of interest to report. Study concept and design were contributed by Wang and Shih, along with Wan, Kuhle, Spivey, and Cushman. Wang, Qiao, and Wan took the lead in data collection, with assistance from the other authors. Data interpretation was performed by Wang, Kuhle, and Qiao, with assistance from the other authors. The manuscript was written by Spivey and Qiao, along with the other authors, and revised by Cushman, Dagogo-Jack, and Chisholm-Burns, along with the other authors.

Modeling amphibian energetics, habitat suitability, and movements of western toads, Anaxyrus (=Bufo) boreas, across present and future landscapes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bartelt, Paul E.; Klaver, Robert W.; Porter, Warren P.

2010-01-01

Effective conservation of amphibian populations requires the prediction of how amphibians use and move through a landscape. Amphibians are closely coupled to their physical environment. Thus an approach that uses the physiological attributes of amphibians, together with knowledge of their natural history, should be helpful. We used Niche Mapper™ to model the known movements and habitat use patterns of a population of Western toads (Anaxyrus (=Bufo) boreas) occupying forested habitats in southeastern Idaho. Niche Mapper uses first principles of environmental biophysics to combine features of topography, climate, land cover, and animal features to model microclimates and animal physiology and behavior across landscapes. Niche Mapper reproduced core body temperatures (Tc) and evaporation rates of live toads with average errors of 1.6 ± 0.4 °C and 0.8 ± 0.2 g/h, respectively. For four different habitat types, it reproduced similar mid-summer daily temperature patterns as those measured in the field and calculated evaporation rates (g/h) with an average error rate of 7.2 ± 5.5%. Sensitivity analyses indicate these errors do not significantly affect estimates of food consumption or activity. Using Niche Mapper we predicted the daily habitats used by free-ranging toads; our accuracy for female toads was greater than for male toads (74.2 ± 6.8% and 53.6 ± 15.8%, respectively), reflecting the stronger patterns of habitat selection among females. Using these changing to construct a cost surface, we also reconstructed movement paths that were consistent with field observations. The effect of climate warming on toads depends on the interaction of temperature and atmospheric moisture. If climate change occurs as predicted, results from Niche Mapper suggests that climate warming will increase the physiological cost of landscapes thereby limiting the activity for toads in different habitats.

Design, Fabrication and Testing of Two Dimensional Radio-Frequency Metamaterials

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-03

metasurfaces . These antennas are either MTM based or utilize MTMs to increase performance. The benefits of these antennas are: reduced size, lower...reduced size and increased quality factor. Finally, the antennas loaded with metasurfaces are similar to the MTM loading; in the fact that the... metasurface enhances the antenna performance instead of performing the antenna function. This type of antenna has shown increased directionality and

76 FR 28452 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Leases MTM 99624 and MTM 99625

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... lease terms for rentals and royalties of $10 per acre and 16\\2/3\\ percent. The lessee paid the $500 administration fee for the reinstatement of each lease and $163 cost for publishing this Notice. The lessee met... increased royalty of 16\\2/3\\ percent; and The $163 cost of publishing this Notice. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION...

76 FR 28452 - Notice of Proposed Reinstatement of Terminated Oil and Gas Lease MTM 94684 and MTM 94685

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... agrees to new lease terms for rentals and royalties of $10 per acre and 16\\2/3\\ percent. The lessee paid the $500 administration fee for the reinstatement of each lease and $163 cost for publishing this... $10 per acre; The increased royalty of 16\\2/3\\ percent; and The $163 cost of publishing this Notice...

Deconstructing the deconstruction of Appalachia: Mountaintop mining effects on hydrology across temporal and spatial scales

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nippgen, F.; Ross, M. R. V.; Bernhardt, E. S.; McGlynn, B. L.

2017-12-01

Mountaintop mining (MTM) is an especially destructive form of surface coal mining. It is widespread in Central Appalachia and is practiced around the world. In the process of accessing coal seams up to several hundred meters below the surface, mountaintops and ridges are removed via explosives and heavy machinery with the resulting overburden pushed into nearby valleys. This broken up rock and soil material represents a largely unknown amount of storage for incoming precipitation that facilitates enhanced chemical weathering rates and increased dissolved solids exports to streams. However, assessing the independent impact of MTM can be difficult in the presence of other forms of mining, especially underground mining. Here, we evaluate the effect of MTM on water quantity and quality on annual, seasonal, and event time scales in two sets of paired watersheds in southwestern West Virginia impacted by MTM. On an annual timescale, the mined watersheds sustained baseflow throughout the year, while the first order watersheds ceased flowing during the latter parts of the growing season. In fractionally mined watersheds that continued to flow, the water in the stream was exclusively generated from mined portions of the watersheds, leading to elevated total dissolved solids in the stream water. On the event time scale, we analyzed 50 storm events over a water year for a range of hydrologic response metrics. The mined watersheds exhibited smaller runoff ratios and longer response times during the wet dormant season, but responded similarly to rainfall events during the growing season or even exceeded the runoff magnitude of the reference watersheds. Our research demonstrates a clear difference in hydrologic response between mined and unmined watersheds during the growing season and the dormant season that are detectable at annual, seasonal, and event time scales. For larger spatial scales (up to 2,000km2) the effect of MTM on water quantity is not as easily detectable. At these larger scales, other land uses can mask possible alterations in hydrology or the percentage of MTM disturbed areas becomes negligible.

Small-for-gestational age prevalence risk factors in central Appalachian states with mountain-top mining.

PubMed

Ferdosi, Hamid; Lamm, Steve H; Afari-Dwamena, Nana Ama; Dissen, Elisabeth; Chen, Rusan; Li, Ji; Feinleib, Manning

2018-01-01

To identify risk factors for small-for-gestational age (SGA) for counties in central Appalachian states (Kentucky (KY), Tennessee (TN), Virginia (VA), and West Virginia (WV)) with varied coal mining activities. Live birth certificate files (1990-2002) were used for obtaining SGA prevalence rates for mothers based on the coal mining activities of their counties of residence, mountain-top mining (MTM) activities, underground mining activities but no mountain-top mining activity (non-MTM), or having no mining activities (non-mining). Co-variable information, including maternal tobacco use, was also obtained from the live birth certificate. Adjusted odds ratios were obtained using multivariable logistic regression comparing SGA prevalence rates for counties with coal mining activities to those without coal mining activities and comparing SGA prevalence rates for counties with coal mining activities for those with and without mountain-top mining activities. Comparisons were also made among those who had reported tobacco use and those who had not. Both tobacco use prevalence and SGA prevalence were significantly greater for mining counties than for non-mining counties and for MTM counties than for non-MTM counties. Adjustment for tobacco use alone explained 50% of the increased SGA risk for mining counties and 75% of the risk for MTM counties, including demographic pre-natal care co-variables that explained 75% of the increased SGA risk for mining counties and 100% of the risk for MTM. The increased risk of SGA was limited to the third trimester births among tobacco users and independent of the mining activities of their counties of residence. This study demonstrates that the increased prevalence of SGA among residents of counties with mining activity was primarily explained by the differences in maternal tobacco use prevalence, an effect that itself was gestational-age dependent. Self-reported tobacco use marked the population at the increased risk for SGA in central Appalachian states. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(1):11-23. This work is available in Open Access model and licensed under a CC BY-NC 3.0 PL license.

Temporal changes in taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages downstream from mountaintop mining

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hitt, Nathaniel P.; Chambers, Douglas B.

2014-01-01

Mountaintop mining (MTM) affects chemical, physical, and hydrological properties of receiving streams, but the long-term consequences for fish-assemblage structure and function are poorly understood. We sampled stream fish assemblages using electrofishing techniques in MTM exposure sites and reference sites within the Guyandotte River basin, USA, during 2010–2011. We calculated indices of taxonomic diversity (species richness, abundance, Shannon diversity) and functional diversity (functional richness, functional evenness, functional divergence) to compare exposure and reference assemblages between seasons (spring and autumn) and across years (1999–2011). We based temporal comparisons on 2 sites that were sampled during 1999–2001 by Stauffer and Ferreri (2002). Exposure assemblages had lower taxonomic and functional diversity than reference assemblages or simulated assemblages that accounted for random variation. Differences in taxonomic composition between reference and exposure assemblages were associated with conductivity and aqueous Se concentrations. Exposure assemblages had fewer species, lower abundances, and less biomass than reference assemblages across years and seasons. Green Sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) and Creek Chub (Semotilus atromaculatus) became numerically dominant in exposure assemblages over time because of their persistence and losses of other taxa. In contrast, species richness increased over time in reference assemblages, a result that may indicate recovery from drought. Mean individual biomass increased as fish density decreased and most obligate invertivores were apparently extirpated at MTM exposure sites. Effects of MTM were not related to physical-habitat conditions but were associated with water-quality variables, which may limit quality and availability of benthic macroinvertebrate prey. Simulations revealed effects of MTM that could not be attributed to random variation in fish assemblage structure.

The Professional Culture of Community Pharmacy and the Provision of MTM Services.

PubMed

Rosenthal, Meagen M; Holmes, Erin R

2018-03-21

The integration of advanced pharmacy services into community pharmacy practice is not complete. According to implementation research understanding professional culture, as a part of context, may provide insights for accelerating this process. There are three objectives in this study. The first objective of this study was to validate an adapted version of an organizational culture measure in a sample of United States' (US) community pharmacists. The second objective was to examine potential relationships between the cultural factors identified using the validated instrument and a number of socialization and education variables. The third objective was to examine any relationships between the scores on the identified cultural factors and the provision of MTM services. This study was a cross-sectional online survey for community pharmacists in the southeastern US. The survey contained questions on socialization/education, respondents' self-reported provision of medication therapy management (MTM) services, and the organizational culture profile (OCP). Analyses included descriptive statistics, a principle components analysis (PCA), independent samples t-test, and multivariate ordinal regression. A total of 303 surveys were completed. The PCA revealed a six-factor structure: social responsibility, innovation, people orientation, competitiveness, attention to detail, and reward orientation. Further analysis revealed significant relationships between social responsibility and years in practice, and people orientation and attention to detail and pharmacists' training and practice setting. Significant positive relationships were observed between social responsibility, innovation, and competitiveness and the increased provision of MTM services. The significant relationships identified between the OCP factors and community pharmacist respondents' provision of MTM services provides an important starting point for developing interventions to improve the uptake of practice change opportunities.

Nonlinear surface waves at ferrite-metamaterial waveguide structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hissi, Nour El Houda; Mokhtari, Bouchra; Eddeqaqi, Noureddine Cherkaoui; Shabat, Mohammed Musa; Atangana, Jacques

2016-09-01

A new ferrite slab made of a metamaterial (MTM), surrounded by a nonlinear cover cladding and a ferrite substrate, was shown to support unusual types of electromagnetic surface waves. We impose the boundary conditions to derive the dispersion relation and others necessary to formulate the proposed structure. We analyse the dispersion properties of the nonlinear surface waves and we calculate the associated propagation index and the film-cover interface nonlinearity. In the calculation, several sets of the permeability of the MTM are considered. Results show that the waves behaviour depends on the values of the permeability of the MTM, the thickness of the waveguide and the film-cover interface nonlinearity. It is also shown that the use of the singular solutions to the electric field equation allows to identify several new properties of surface waves which do not exist in conventional waveguide.

Modeling the microstructurally dependent mechanical properties of poly(ester-urethane-urea)s.

PubMed

Warren, P Daniel; Sycks, Dalton G; McGrath, Dominic V; Vande Geest, Jonathan P

2013-12-01

Poly(ester-urethane-urea) (PEUU) is one of many synthetic biodegradable elastomers under scrutiny for biomedical and soft tissue applications. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of the experimental parameters on mechanical properties of PEUUs following exposure to different degrading environments, similar to that of the human body, using linear regression, producing one predictive model. The model utilizes two independent variables of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) type and copolymer crystallinity to predict the dependent variable of maximum tangential modulus (MTM). Results indicate that comparisons between PCLs at different degradation states are statistically different (p < 0.0003), while the difference between experimental and predicted average MTM is statistically negligible (p < 0.02). The linear correlation between experimental and predicted MTM values is R(2) = 0.75. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., a Wiley Company.

Radiometric analysis of the longwave infrared channel of the Thematic Mapper on LANDSAT 4 and 5

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schott, John R.; Volchok, William J.; Biegel, Joseph D.

1986-01-01

The first objective was to evaluate the postlaunch radiometric calibration of the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) band 6 data. The second objective was to determine to what extent surface temperatures could be computed from the TM and 6 data using atmospheric propagation models. To accomplish this, ground truth data were compared to a single TM-4 band 6 data set. This comparison indicated satisfactory agreement over a narrow temperature range. The atmospheric propagation model (modified LOWTRAN 5A) was used to predict surface temperature values based on the radiance at the spacecraft. The aircraft data were calibrated using a multi-altitude profile calibration technique which had been extensively tested in previous studies. This aircraft calibration permitted measurement of surface temperatures based on the radiance reaching the aircraft. When these temperature values are evaluated, an error in the satellite's ability to predict surface temperatures can be estimated. This study indicated that by carefully accounting for various sensor calibration and atmospheric propagation effects, and expected error (1 standard deviation) in surface temperature would be 0.9 K. This assumes no error in surface emissivity and no sampling error due to target location. These results indicate that the satellite calibration is within nominal limits to within this study's ability to measure error.

Manufacturing Work Measurement System Evaluation. Reference Guide

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-04-01

discussions with users of the MTM-MEK predetermined time system. The coranents listed below are based on these discussions and, while a broad range...discussions with users of the MTM-V predeterroined time system. The coranents listed below are based on these discussions and, while a broad range of...industries were sampled, coranents should not be considered universal and therefore may not be applicable to all manufacturing environments: 0 Easy to

A Multiscale Material Testing System for In Situ Optical and Electron Microscopes and Its Application

PubMed Central

Ye, Xuan; Cui, Zhiguo; Fang, Huajun; Li, Xide

2017-01-01

We report a novel material testing system (MTS) that uses hierarchical designs for in-situ mechanical characterization of multiscale materials. This MTS is adaptable for use in optical microscopes (OMs) and scanning electron microscopes (SEMs). The system consists of a microscale material testing module (m-MTM) and a nanoscale material testing module (n-MTM). The MTS can measure mechanical properties of materials with characteristic lengths ranging from millimeters to tens of nanometers, while load capacity can vary from several hundred micronewtons to several nanonewtons. The m-MTM is integrated using piezoelectric motors and piezoelectric stacks/tubes to form coarse and fine testing modules, with specimen length from millimeters to several micrometers, and displacement distances of 12 mm with 0.2 µm resolution for coarse level and 8 µm with 1 nm resolution for fine level. The n-MTM is fabricated using microelectromechanical system technology to form active and passive components and realizes material testing for specimen lengths ranging from several hundred micrometers to tens of nanometers. The system’s capabilities are demonstrated by in-situ OM and SEM testing of the system’s performance and mechanical properties measurements of carbon fibers and metallic microwires. In-situ multiscale deformation tests of Bacillus subtilis filaments are also presented. PMID:28777341

A coordinated study of 1 h mesoscale gravity waves propagating from Logan to Boulder with CRRL Na Doppler lidars and temperature mapper

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Xian; Chen, Cao; Huang, Wentao; Smith, John A.; Chu, Xinzhao; Yuan, Tao; Pautet, Pierre-Dominique; Taylor, Mike J.; Gong, Jie; Cullens, Chihoko Y.

2015-10-01

We present the first coordinated study using two lidars at two separate locations to characterize a 1 h mesoscale gravity wave event in the mesopause region. The simultaneous observations were made with the Student Training and Atmospheric Research (STAR) Na Doppler lidar at Boulder, CO, and the Utah State University Na Doppler lidar and temperature mapper at Logan, UT, on 27 November 2013. The high precision possessed by the STAR lidar enabled these waves to be detected in vertical wind. The mean wave amplitudes are ~0.44 m/s in vertical wind and ~1% in relative temperature at altitudes of 82-107 km. Those in the zonal and meridional winds are 6.1 and 5.2 m/s averaged from 84 to 99 km. The horizontal and vertical wavelengths inferred from the mapper and lidars are ~219 ± 4 and 16.0 ± 0.3 km, respectively. The intrinsic period is ~1.3 h for the airglow layer, Doppler shifted by a mean wind of ~17 m/s. The wave packet propagates from Logan to Boulder with an azimuth angle of ~135° clockwise from north and an elevation angle of ~ 3° from the horizon. The observed phase difference between the two locations can be explained by the traveling time of the 1 h wave from Logan to Boulder, which is about ~2.4 h. The wave polarization relations are examined through the simultaneous quantifications of the three wind components and temperature. This study has developed a systematic methodology for fully characterizing mesoscale gravity waves, inspecting their intrinsic properties and validating the derivation of horizontal wave structures by applying multiple instruments from coordinated stations.

Decadal time scale variability recorded in the Quelccaya summit ice core δ18O isotopic ratio series and its relation with the sea surface temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mélice, J. L.; Roucou, P.

The spectral characteristics of the δ18O isotopic ratio time series of the Quelccaya ice cap summit core are investigated with the multi taper method (MTM), the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and the wavelet transform (WT) techniques for the 500 y long 1485-1984 period. The most significant (at the 99.8% level) cycle according to the MTM F-test has a period centered at 14.4 y while the largest variance explaining oscillation according to the SSA technique has a period centered at 12.9 y. The stability over time of these periods is investigated by performing evolutive MTM and SSA on the 500 y long δ18O series with a 100 y wide moving window. It is shown that the cycles with largest amplitude and that the oscillations with largest extracting variance have corresponding periods aggregated around 13.5 y that are very stable over the period between 1485 and 1984. The WT of the same isotopic time series reveals the existence of a main oscillation around 12 y which are also very stable in time. The relation between the isotopic data at Quelccaya and the annual sea surface temperature (SST) field anomalies is then evaluated for the overlapping 1919-1984 period. Significant global correlation and significant coherency at 12.1 y are found between the isotopic series and the annual global sea surface temperature (GSST) series. Moreover, the correlation between the low (over 8 y) frequency component of the isotopic time series and the annual SST field point out significant values in the tropical North Atlantic. This region is characterized by a main SST variability at 12.8 y. The Quelccaya δ18O isotopic ratio series may therefore be considered as a good recorder of the tropical North Atlantic SSTs. This may be explained by the following mechanism: the water vapor amount evaporated by the tropical North Atlantic is function of the SST. So is the water vapor δ18O isotopic ratio. This water vapor is advected during the rainy season by northeast winds and precipitates at the Quelccaya summit with its tropical North Atlantic isotopic signature. It is also suggested from this described stability of the decadal time scale variability observed in the Quelccaya isotopic series, that the decadal time scale GSST variability was also stable during the last five centuries.

[Better multidisciplinary team meetings are linked to better care].

PubMed

van Drielen, Eveline; de Vries, Antoinette W; Ottevanger, P B Nelleke; Hermens, Rosella P M G

2012-01-01

Discussing a patient in an oncology multidisciplinary team meeting (MTM) increases the value of the quality of the treatment chosen. MTMs are increasingly mentioned in guidelines and indicator sets. Based on literature review and observations, the Comprehensive Cancer Centre Netherlands (CCCNL), in collaboration with IQ Healthcare and the Department of Medical Oncology of the UMC St Radboud Nijmegen in the Netherlands, has conducted research into the quality criteria for a good MTM. Two of our studies show that the organisation of MTMs can be significantly improved. Based on the results, we developed a checklist to accomplish this. The most significant areas of improvement for optimising the organisation of MTMs are: (a) the presence of specialists from all relevant disciplines; (b) a capable chairman who promotes the efficiency of the MTM; and (c) the reduction of intruding factors, such as mobile phones and participants who walk in and out.

Impact of an Elective Course on Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes, Beliefs, and Competency Regarding Medicare Part D

PubMed Central

Patel, Rajul A.; Thai, Huong K.; Phou, Christine M.; Walberg, Mark P.; Woelfel, Joseph A.; Carr-Lopez, Sian M.; Chan, Emily K.

2012-01-01

Objective. To determine the impact of an elective course on pharmacy students’ perceptions, knowledge, and confidence regarding Medicare Part D, medication therapy management (MTM), and immunizations. Design. Thirty-three pharmacy students were enrolled in a Medicare Part D elective course that included both classroom instruction and experiential training. Assessment. Students’ self-reported confidence in and knowledge of Part D significantly improved upon course completion. End-of-course student perceptions about the relative importance of various aspects of MTM interventions and their confidence in performing MTM services significantly improved from those at the beginning of the course. Students’ confidence in performing immunizations also increased significantly from the start of the course. Conclusion. A classroom course covering Medicare Part D with an experiential requirement serving beneficiaries can improve students’ attitudes and knowledge about Medicare Part D and their confidence in providing related services to beneficiaries in the community. PMID:22761532

Methylation of arsenic by recombinant human wild-type arsenic (+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase and its methionine 287 threonine (M287T) polymorph: Role of glutathione

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ding, Lan; Saunders, R. Jesse; Drobná, Zuzana

2012-10-01

Arsenic (+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the key enzyme in the pathway for methylation of arsenicals. A common polymorphism in the AS3MT gene that replaces a threonyl residue in position 287 with a methionyl residue (AS3MT/M287T) occurs at a frequency of about 10% among populations worldwide. Here, we compared catalytic properties of recombinant human wild-type (wt) AS3MT and AS3MT/M287T in reaction mixtures containing S-adenosylmethionine, arsenite (iAs{sup III}) or methylarsonous acid (MAs{sup III}) as substrates and endogenous or synthetic reductants, including glutathione (GSH), a thioredoxin reductase (TR)/thioredoxin (Trx)/NADPH reducing system, or tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP). With either TR/Trx/NADPHmore » or TCEP, wtAS3MT or AS3MT/M287T catalyzed conversion of iAs{sup III} to MAs{sup III}, methylarsonic acid (MAs{sup V}), dimethylarsinous acid (DMAs{sup III}), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs{sup V}); MAs{sup III} was converted to DMAs{sup III} and DMAs{sup V}. Although neither enzyme required GSH to support methylation of iAs{sup III} or MAs{sup III}, addition of 1 mM GSH decreased K{sub m} and increased V{sub max} estimates for either substrate in reaction mixtures containing TR/Trx/NADPH. Without GSH, V{sub max} and K{sub m} values were significantly lower for AS3MT/M287T than for wtAS3MT. In the presence of 1 mM GSH, significantly more DMAs{sup III} was produced from iAs{sup III} in reactions catalyzed by the M287T variant than in wtAS3MT-catalyzed reactions. Thus, 1 mM GSH modulates AS3MT activity, increasing both methylation rates and yield of DMAs{sup III}. AS3MT genotype exemplified by differences in regulation of wtAS3MT and AS3MT/M287T-catalyzed reactions by GSH may contribute to differences in the phenotype for arsenic methylation and, ultimately, to differences in the disease susceptibility in individuals chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic. -- Highlights: ► Human AS3MT and AS3MT(M287T) require a dithiol reductant for optimal activity. ► Both enzymes methylate arsenite to tri- and pentavalent methylated metabolites. ► Neither enzyme requires glutathione (GSH) to methylate arsenite or methylarsonite. ► However, in presence of a dithiol addition of 1 mM GSH increases methylation rates. ► In presence of 1 mM GSH, AS3MT(M287T) produces more dimethylarsinite than AS3MT.« less

Analyzing the costs to deliver medication therapy management services.

PubMed

Rupp, Michael T

2011-01-01

To provide pharmacy managers and consultant pharmacists with a step-by-step approach for analyzing of the costs of delivering medication therapy management (MTM) services and to describe use of a free online software application for determining costs of delivering MTM. The process described is applicable to community pharmacies and consultant pharmacists who provide MTM services from nonpharmacy settings. The PharmAccount Service Cost Calculator is an Internet- based software application that uses a guided online interview to collect information needed to conduct a comprehensive cost analysis of any specialized pharmacy service. In addition to direct variable and fixed costs, the software automatically allocates indirect and overhead costs to the service and generates an itemized report that details the components of service delivery costs. The service cost calculator is sufficiently flexible to support the analysis of virtually any specialized pharmacy service, irrespective of whether the service is being delivered from a physical pharmacy. The software application allows users to perform sensitivity analysis to quickly determine the potential impact that alternate scenarios would have on service delivery cost. It is therefore particularly well suited to assist in the design and planning of a new pharmacy service. Good management requires that the cost implications of service delivery decisions are known and considered. Analyzing the cost of an MTM service is an important step in developing a sustainable business model.

[Prostate cancer: Quality assessment of clinical management in the Midi-Pyrenean region in 2011].

PubMed

Daubisse-Marliac, L; Lamy, S; Lunardi, P; Tollon, C; Thoulouzan, M; Latorzeff, I; Bauvin, E; Grosclaude, P

2017-02-01

Assessing the quality of the clinical management of prostate cancer in the Midi-Pyrenean region in 2011. The study population was randomly selected among new cases of prostate cancer presented in Multidisciplinary Team Meeting (MTM) in 2011. The indicators defined with the professionals have evaluated the quality of the diagnostic care, when treatment started and at the time of the MTM. Six hundred and thirty-three new patients were included (median age at diagnosis=69years, min: 48; max: 93). In diagnostic period, 92% of patients had a prostate biopsy. Performing a pelvic MRI, an abdomino-pelvic CT and bone scintigraphy concerned respectively 53%, 55% and 61% of intermediate or high-risk patients. The Gleason score, surgical margins and pathological stage were included in over 98% patient records treated by radical prostatectomy. A PSA assay in 3months after prostatectomy was found in 59% of surgical patients. The MTM was performed before treatment to 83% of patients. About three-quarters of surgical patients with stage pT≥3 or pN1 or with no healthy margins were discussed in MTM after surgery. Most of the studied indicators reach a high level. However, the lower level of realization of complementary examinations may question about their real place, accessibility and traceability. 4. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Medication therapy management and condition care services in a community-based employer setting.

PubMed

Johannigman, Mark J; Leifheit, Michael; Bellman, Nick; Pierce, Tracey; Marriott, Angela; Bishop, Cheryl

2010-08-15

A program in which health-system pharmacists and pharmacy technicians provide medication therapy management (MTM), wellness, and condition care (disease management) services under contract with local businesses is described. The health-system pharmacy department's Center for Medication Management contracts directly with company benefits departments for defined services to participating employees. The services include an initial wellness and MTM session and, for certain patients identified during the initial session, ongoing condition care. The initial appointment includes a medication history, point-of-care testing for serum lipids and glucose, body composition analysis, and completion of a health risk assessment. The pharmacist conducts a structured MTM session, reviews the patient's test results and risk factors, provides health education, discusses opportunities for cost savings, and documents all activities on the patient's medication action plan. Eligibility for the condition care program is based on a diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, asthma, heart failure, or hyperlipidemia or elevation of lipid or glucose levels. Findings are summarized for employers after the initial wellness screening and at six-month intervals. Patients receiving condition care sign a customized contract, establish goals, attend up to four MTM sessions per year, and track their information on a website; employers may offer incentives for participation. When pharmacists recommend adjustments to therapy or cost-saving changes, it is up to patients to discuss these with their physician. A survey completed by each patient after the initial wellness session has indicated high satisfaction. Direct cost savings related to medication changes have averaged $253 per patient per year. Total cost savings to companies in the first year of the program averaged $1011 per patient. For the health system, the program has been financially sustainable. Key laboratory values indicate positive clinical outcomes. A business model in which health-system pharmacists provide MTM and condition care services for company employees has demonstrated successful outcomes in terms of patient satisfaction, cost savings, and clinical benefits.

Summary of current radiometric calibration coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI sensors

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chander, G.; Markham, B.L.; Helder, D.L.

2009-01-01

This paper provides a summary of the current equations and rescaling factors for converting calibrated Digital Numbers (DNs) to absolute units of at-sensor spectral radiance, Top-Of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, and at-sensor brightness temperature. It tabulates the necessary constants for the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Advanced Land Imager (ALI) sensors. These conversions provide a basis for standardized comparison of data in a single scene or between images acquired on different dates or by different sensors. This paper forms a needed guide for Landsat data users who now have access to the entire Landsat archive at no cost.

Summary of Current Radiometric Calibration Coefficients for Landsat MSS, TM, ETM+, and EO-1 ALI Sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chander, Gyanesh; Markham, Brian L.; Helder, Dennis L.

2009-01-01

This paper provides a summary of the current equations and rescaling factors for converting calibrated Digital Numbers (DNs) to absolute units of at-sensor spectral radiance, Top-Of- Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, and at-sensor brightness temperature. It tabulates the necessary constants for the Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Advanced Land Imager (ALI) sensors. These conversions provide a basis for standardized comparison of data in a single scene or between images acquired on different dates or by different sensors. This paper forms a needed guide for Landsat data users who now have access to the entire Landsat archive at no cost.

Ongoing compression triggered exhumation of the orogenic crust in the Variscan Maures-Tanneron Massif, France - Geological arguments and thermo-mechanical tests

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gerbault, Muriel; Schneider, Julie; Reverso-Peila, Alexandre; Corsini, Michel

2016-04-01

The Maures-Tanneron Massif (MTM), together with Corsica and Sardinia, hosted the South-Eastern Variscan belt and record a continuous evolution from continental collision to exhumation. We present a synthesis of the available geological and geochronogical data that explores the transition from convergence to perpendicular Permean extension in the MTM (at ~ 325 Ma ± 25 My). The migmatitic Internal Zone that composes the Western MTM displays structural clues such as backthrusting and magmatic foliations, and metamorphic data indicating exhumation of deep seated partially molten rocks at an apparent heating rate of 1-2 °C/km/My from ca. 345 Ma to 320 Ma. This suggests vertical advective heat transport during continued N140° convergence (D2 phase). In contrast at the same time, the low grade External zone composing the Eastern part of the MTM recorded exhumation of more conductive patterns at an apparent rate of 0.3-0.6 °C/km/My. It is only from ca. 320 Ma that transcurrent motion dominates in the Internal zone and progressively leaves way to N-S strecthing (D3 phase), indicative of orogenic collapse and extension and in asociation with emplacement of larger volumes of magmatism in the crust. Thermo-mechanical modeling complements this synthesis in order to highlight the conditions under which deep seated HP units could melt and massively start to exhume during maintained convergence (phase D2). Accounting for temperature dependent elasto-visco-plastic rheologies, our models explore the dynamics of an orogenic prism starting from a dis-equilibrated state just after slab break-off or delamination, at ca. 350 Ma. We simulate the development of gravitational instabilities in partially melting crust, a process that is already well known to depend on strain-rate, heat sources and strength layering. In order to reproduce the exhumation patterns of rocks from ~50 km depth over the appropriate time-scale (>20 My) and spatial extent (>100 km), a best fit was obtained with a mean convergence rate of 0.5 cm/yr and no exceptional surface processes. Internal heating has a crucial effect and mostly resulted from the radiogenic decay of stacked felsic crustal units. However alternation with mafic units is also necessary in order to prevent lateral spreading of the orogeny. A low viscosity partially molten (eg. felsic) crust also permits mechanical decoupling of surface deformation from the deeper mantle domains, thus reducing the differences due to either a shallow asthenosphere or a competent mantle lithosphere under the orogeny. A shallow asthenosphere produces too warm and fast exhumation. The bulk viscosity of the partially molten orogenic crust controls the timing of exhumation, pointing to the need for further constraints to link the behaviour at different scales of partially molten crust. The MTM witnesses the typical competition between far-field plate convergence and internal body forces, and we plead for a subsequent progressive evolution of transpression to perpendicular extension (still to be tackled with 3D modeling).

Compact Single-Layer Traveling-Wave Antenna DesignUsing Metamaterial Transmission Lines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad; Virdee, Bal Singh; Limiti, Ernesto

2017-12-01

This paper presents a single-layer traveling-wave antenna (TWA) that is based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH)-metamaterial (MTM) transmission line (TL) structure, which is implemented by using a combination of interdigital capacitors and dual-spiral inductive slots. By embedding dual-spiral inductive slots inside the CRLH MTM-TL results in a compact TWA. Dimensions of the proposed CRLH MTM-TL TWA is 21.5 × 30.0 mm2 or 0.372λ0 × 0.520λ0 at 5.2 GHz (center frequency). The fabricated TWA operates over 1.8-8.6 GHz with a fractional bandwidth greater than 120%, and it exhibits a peak gain and radiation efficiency of 4.2 dBi and 81%, respectively, at 5 GHz. By avoiding the use of lumped components, via-holes or defected ground structures, the proposed TWA design is economic for mass production as well as easy to integrate with wireless communication systems.

Ultra-small single-negative electric metamaterials for electromagnetic coupling reduction of microstrip antenna array.

PubMed

Xu, He-Xiu; Wang, Guang-Ming; Qi, Mei-Qing; Zeng, Hui-Yong

2012-09-24

We report initially the design, fabrication and measurement of using waveguided electric metamaterials (MTM) in the design of closely-spaced microtrip antenna arrays with mutual coupling reduction. The complementary spiral ring resonators (CSRs) which exhibit single negative resonant permittivity around 3.5GHz are used as the basic electric MTM element. For verification, two CSRs with two and three concentric rings are considered, respectively. By properly arranging these well engineered waveguided MTMs between two H-plane coupled patch antennas, both numerical and measured results indicate that more than 8.4 dB mutual coupling reduction is obtained. The mechanism has been studied from a physical insight. The electric MTM element is electrically small, enabling the resultant antenna array to exhibit a small separation (λo/8 at the operating wavelength) and thus a high directivity. The proposed strategy opens an avenue to new types of antenna with super performances and can be generalized for other electric resonators.

A New Mechanism of Sound Generation in Songbirds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goller, Franz; Larsen, Ole N.

1997-12-01

Our current understanding of the sound-generating mechanism in the songbird vocal organ, the syrinx, is based on indirect evidence and theoretical treatments. The classical avian model of sound production postulates that the medial tympaniform membranes (MTM) are the principal sound generators. We tested the role of the MTM in sound generation and studied the songbird syrinx more directly by filming it endoscopically. After we surgically incapacitated the MTM as a vibratory source, zebra finches and cardinals were not only able to vocalize, but sang nearly normal song. This result shows clearly that the MTM are not the principal sound source. The endoscopic images of the intact songbird syrinx during spontaneous and brain stimulation-induced vocalizations illustrate the dynamics of syringeal reconfiguration before phonation and suggest a different model for sound production. Phonation is initiated by rostrad movement and stretching of the syrinx. At the same time, the syrinx is closed through movement of two soft tissue masses, the medial and lateral labia, into the bronchial lumen. Sound production always is accompanied by vibratory motions of both labia, indicating that these vibrations may be the sound source. However, because of the low temporal resolution of the imaging system, the frequency and phase of labial vibrations could not be assessed in relation to that of the generated sound. Nevertheless, in contrast to the previous model, these observations show that both labia contribute to aperture control and strongly suggest that they play an important role as principal sound generators.

Acute effects of single and multiple level thoracic manipulations on chronic mechanical neck pain: a randomized controlled trial

PubMed Central

Puntumetakul, Rungthip; Suvarnnato, Thavatchai; Werasirirat, Phurichaya; Uthaikhup, Sureeporn; Yamauchi, Junichiro; Boucaut, Rose

2015-01-01

Background Thoracic spine manipulation has become a popular alternative to local cervical manipulative therapy for mechanical neck pain. This study investigated the acute effects of single-level and multiple-level thoracic manipulations on chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP). Methods Forty-eight patients with CMNP were randomly allocated to single-level thoracic manipulation (STM) at T6–T7 or multiple-level thoracic manipulation (MTM), or to a control group (prone lying). Cervical range of motion (CROM), visual analog scale (VAS), and the Thai version of the Neck Disability Index (NDI-TH) scores were measured at baseline, and at 24-hour and at 1-week follow-up. Results At 24-hour and 1-week follow-up, neck disability and pain levels were significantly (P<0.05) improved in the STM and MTM groups compared with the control group. CROM in flexion and left lateral flexion were increased significantly (P<0.05) in the STM group when compared with the control group at 1-week follow-up. The CROM in right rotation was increased significantly after MTM compared to the control group (P<0.05) at 24-hour follow-up. There were no statistically significant differences in neck disability, pain level at rest, and CROM between the STM and MTM groups. Conclusion These results suggest that both single-level and multiple-level thoracic manipulation improve neck disability, pain levels, and CROM at 24-hour and 1-week follow-up in patients with CMNP. PMID:25624764

Thematic mapper research in the earth sciences: Small scale patches of suspended matter and phytoplankton in the Elbe River Estuary, German Bight and Tidal Flats

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grassl, H.; Doerffer, R.; Fischer, J.; Brockmann, C.; Stoessel, M.

1987-01-01

A Thematic Mapper (TM) field experiment was followed by a data analysis to determine TM capabilities for analysis of suspended matter and phytoplankton. Factor analysis showed that suspended matter concentration, atmospheric scattering, and sea surface temperature can be retrieved as independent factors which determine the variation in the TM data over water areas. Spectral channels in the near infrared open the possibility of determining the Angstrom exponent better than for the coastal zone color scanner. The suspended matter distribution may then be calculated by the absolute radiance of channel 2 or 3 or the ratio of both. There is no indication of whether separation of chlorophyll is possible. The distribution of suspended matter and sea surface temperature can be observed with the expected fine structure. A good correlation between water depth and suspended matter distribution as found from ship data can now be analyzed for an entire area by the synoptic view of the TM scenes.

Identification of a mutation in the MTM1 gene, associated with X-linked myotubular myopathy, in a Greek family

PubMed Central

Fidani, L; Karagianni, P; Tsakalidis, C; Mitsiako, G; Hatziioannidis, I; Biancalana, V; Nikolaidis, N

2011-01-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy, usually characterized by severe hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency at birth, in affected, male infants. The disease is causally associated with mutations in the MTM1 gene, coding for phosphatase myotubularin. We report a severe case of XLMTM with a novel mutation, at a donor splicing site (c.1467+1G) previously associated with severe phenotype. The mutation was also identified in the patient's mother, providing an opportunity for sound genetic counseling. PMID:22435031

Identification of a mutation in the MTM1 gene, associated with X-linked myotubular myopathy, in a Greek family.

PubMed

Fidani, L; Karagianni, P; Tsakalidis, C; Mitsiako, G; Hatziioannidis, I; Biancalana, V; Nikolaidis, N

2011-07-01

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy, usually characterized by severe hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency at birth, in affected, male infants. The disease is causally associated with mutations in the MTM1 gene, coding for phosphatase myotubularin. We report a severe case of XLMTM with a novel mutation, at a donor splicing site (c.1467+1G) previously associated with severe phenotype. The mutation was also identified in the patient's mother, providing an opportunity for sound genetic counseling.

Using the Landsat Thematic Mapper to detect and monitor active volcanoes - An example from Lascar volcano, northern Chile

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Francis, P. W.; Rothery, D. A.

1987-01-01

The Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) offers a means of detecting and monitoring thermal features of active volcanoes. Using the TM, a prominent thermal anomaly has been discovered on Lascar volcano, northern Chile. Data from two short-wavelength infrared channels of the TM show that material within a 300-m-diameter pit crater was at a temperature of at least 380 C on two dates in 1985. The thermal anomaly closely resembles in size and radiant temperature the anomaly over the active lava lake at Erta'ale in Ethiopia. An eruption took place at Lascar on Sept. 16, 1986. TM data acquired on Oct. 27, 1986, revealed significant changes within the crater area. Lascar is in a much more active state than any other volcano in the central Andes, and for this reason it merits further careful monitoring. Studies show that the TM is capable of confidently identifying thermal anomalies less than 100 m in size, at temperatures of above 150 C, and thus it offers a valuable means of monitoring the conditions of active or potentially active volcanoes, particularly those in remote regions.

Integrating pharmacogenomics into pharmacy practice via medication therapy management.

PubMed

Reiss, Susan M

2011-01-01

To explore the application and integration of pharmacogenomics in pharmacy clinical practice via medication therapy management (MTM) to improve patient care. Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) Personalized Health Care Initiative, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pharmacogenomics activity, and findings from the Utilizing E-Prescribing Technologies to Integrate Pharmacogenomics into Prescribing and Dispensing Practices Stakeholder Workshop, convened by the American Pharmacists Association (APhA) on March 5, 2009. Participants at the Stakeholder Workshop included diverse representatives from pharmacy, medicine, pathology, health information technology (HIT), standards, science, academia, government, and others with a key interest in the clinical application of pharmacogenomics. In 2006, HHS initiated the Personalized Health Care Initiative with the goal of building the foundation for the delivery of gene-based care, which may prove to be more effective for large patient subpopulations. In the years since the initiative was launched, drug manufacturers and FDA have begun to incorporate pharmacogenomic data and applications of this information into the drug development, labeling, and approval processes. New applications and processes for using this emerging pharmacogenomics data are needed to effectively integrate this information into clinical practice. Building from the findings of a stakeholder workshop convened by APhA and the advancement of the pharmacist's collaborative role in patient care through MTM, emerging roles for pharmacists using pharmacogenomic information to improve patient care are taking hold. Realizing the potential role of the pharmacist in pharmacogenomics through MTM will require connectivity of pharmacists into the electronic health record infrastructure to permit the exchange of pertinent health information among all members of a patient's health care team. Addressing current barriers, concerns, and system limitations and developing an effective infrastructure will be necessary for pharmacogenomics to achieve its true potential. To achieve integration of pharmacogenomics into clinical practice via MTM, the pharmacy profession must define a process for the application of pharmacogenomic data into pharmacy clinical practice that is aligned with MTM service delivery, develop a viable business model for these practices, and encourage and direct the development of HIT solutions that support the pharmacist's role in this emerging field.

The cnm locus, a canine homologue of human autosomal forms of centronuclear myopathy, maps to chromosome 2.

PubMed

Tiret, Laurent; Blot, Stéphane; Kessler, Jean-Louis; Gaillot, Hugues; Breen, Matthew; Panthier, Jean-Jacques

2003-09-01

Myotubular/centronuclear myopathies are a nosological group of hereditary disorders characterised by severe architectural and metabolic remodelling of skeletal muscle fibres. In most myofibres, nuclei are found at an abnormal central position within a halo devoid of myofibrillar proteins. The X-linked form (myotubular myopathy) is the most prevalent and severe form in human, leading to death during early postnatal life. Maturation of fibres is not completed and fibres resemble myotubes. Linkage analysis in human has helped to identify MTM1 as the morbid gene. MTM1 encodes myotubularin, a dual protein phosphatase. In families in which myotubular myopathy segregates, detected mutations in MTM1 abolish the specific phosphatase activity targeting the second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Autosomal forms (centronuclear) have a later onset and are often compatible with life. At birth, fibres are normally constituted but progressively follow remodelling with a secondary centralisation of nuclei. Their prevalence is low; hence, no linkage data can be performed and no molecular aetiology is known. In the Labrador Retriever, a spontaneous disorder strikingly mimics the clinical evolution of the human centronuclear myopathy. We have established a canine pedigree and show that the disorder segregates as an autosomal recessive trait in that pedigree. We have further mapped the dog locus to a region on chromosome 2 that is orthologous to human chromosome 10p. To date, no human MTM1 gene member has been mapped to this genetic region. This report thus describes the first spontaneous mammalian model of centronuclear myopathy and defines a new locus for this group of diseases.

Development of a Selective Culture Medium for Primary Isolation of the Main Brucella Species▿

PubMed Central

De Miguel, M. J.; Marín, C. M.; Muñoz, P. M.; Dieste, L.; Grilló, M. J.; Blasco, J. M.

2011-01-01

Bacteriological diagnosis of brucellosis is performed by culturing animal samples directly on both Farrell medium (FM) and modified Thayer-Martin medium (mTM). However, despite inhibiting most contaminating microorganisms, FM also inhibits the growth of Brucella ovis and some B. melitensis and B. abortus strains. In contrast, mTM is adequate for growth of all Brucella species but only partially inhibitory for contaminants. Moreover, the performance of both culture media for isolating B. suis has never been established properly. We first determined the performance of both media for B. suis isolation, proving that FM significantly inhibits B. suis growth. We also determined the susceptibility of B. suis to the antibiotics contained in both selective media, proving that nalidixic acid and bacitracin are highly inhibitory, thus explaining the reduced performance of FM for B. suis isolation. Based on these results, a new selective medium (CITA) containing vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, nitrofurantoin, and amphotericin B was tested for isolation of the main Brucella species, including B. suis. CITA's performance was evaluated using reference contaminant strains but also field samples taken from brucella-infected animals or animals suspected of infection. CITA inhibited most contaminant microorganisms but allowed the growth of all Brucella species, to levels similar to those for both the control medium without antibiotics and mTM. Moreover, CITA medium was more sensitive than both mTM and FM for isolating all Brucella species from field samples. Altogether, these results demonstrate the adequate performance of CITA medium for the primary isolation of the main Brucella species, including B. suis. PMID:21270216

TransitionRx: Impact of community pharmacy postdischarge medication therapy management on hospital readmission rate.

PubMed

Luder, Heidi R; Frede, Stacey M; Kirby, James A; Epplen, Kelly; Cavanaugh, Teresa; Martin-Boone, Jill E; Conrad, Wayne F; Kuhlmann, Diane; Heaton, Pamela C

2015-01-01

To determine if a community pharmacy-based transition of care (TOC) program that included the full scope of medication therapy management (MTM) services (TransitionRx) decreased hospital readmissions, resolved medication-related problems, and increased patient satisfaction. Prospective, quasi-experimental study. Nine Kroger Pharmacies located in Western Cincinnati. Patients older than 18 years of age and discharged from two local hospitals with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or pneumonia. Patients were recruited from two local hospitals and referred to the community pharmacy for MTM services with the pharmacist within 1 week of discharge. Pharmacists reconciled the patients' medications, identified drug therapy problems, recommended changes to therapy, and provided self-management education. At 30 days after discharge, research personnel conducted telephone surveys, using a previously validated survey instrument, to assess hospital readmissions and patient satisfaction. Pharmacist interventions and medication-related problems were documented. A total of 90 patients completed the study. Of these, 20% of patients in the usual care group were admitted to the hospital within 30 days compared with 6.9% of patients in the intervention group (P = 0.019). In the 30 patients who received MTM services from the pharmacist, 210 interventions were made. The overall mean patient satisfaction with the TOC process was not significantly different between patients who were seen by the pharmacist and those who were not seen by the pharmacist. Community pharmacies successfully collaborated with hospitals to develop a referral process for TOC interventions. Patients who received MTM services from the pharmacist experienced significantly fewer readmissions than patients who received usual care.

Dual Tuning of Ni-Co-A (A = P, Se, O) Nanosheets by Anion Substitution and Holey Engineering for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution.

PubMed

Fang, Zhiwei; Peng, Lele; Qian, Yumin; Zhang, Xiao; Xie, Yujun; Cha, Judy J; Yu, Guihua

2018-04-18

Seeking earth-abundant electrocatalysts with high efficiency and durability has become the frontier of energy conversion research. Mixed-transition-metal (MTM)-based electrocatalysts, owing to the desirable electrical conductivity, synergistic effect of bimetal atoms, and structural stability, have recently emerged as new-generation hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. However, the correlation between anion species and their intrinsic electrocatalytic properties in MTM-based electrocatalysts is still not well understood. Here we present a novel approach to tuning the anion-dependent electrocatalytic characteristics in MTM-based catalyst for HER, using holey Ni/Co-based phosphides/selenides/oxides (Ni-Co-A, A = P, Se, O) as the model materials. The electrochemical results, combined with the electrical conductivity measurement and DFT calculation, reveal that P substitution could modulate the electron configuration, lower the hydrogen adsorption energy, and facilitate the desorption of hydrogen on the active sites in Ni-Co-A holey nanostructures, resulting in superior HER catalytic activity. Accordingly we fabricate the NCP holey nanosheet electrocatalyst for HER with an ultralow onset overpotential of nearly zero, an overpotential of 58 mV, and long-term durability, along with an applied potential of 1.56 V to boost overall water splitting at 10 mA cm -2 , among the best electrocatalysts reported for non-noble-metal catalysts to date. This work not only presents a deeper understanding of the intrinsic HER electrocatalytic properties for MTM-based electrocatalyst with various anion species but also offers new insights to better design efficient and durable water-splitting electrocatalysts.

Blood pressure kiosks for medication therapy management programs: business opportunity for pharmacists.

PubMed

Houle, Sherilyn K D; Chuck, Anderson W; Tsuyuki, Ross T

2012-01-01

To develop an economic model based on the use of pharmacy-based blood pressure kiosks for case finding of remunerable medication therapy management (MTM) opportunities. Descriptive, exploratory, nonexperimental study. Ontario, Canada, between January 2010 and September 2011. More than 7.5 million blood pressure kiosk readings were taken from 341 pharmacies. A model was developed to estimate revenues achievable by using blood pressure kiosks for 1 month to identify a cohort of patients with blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg or more and caring for those patients during 1 year. Revenue generated from MTM programs. Pharmacies could generate an average of $12,270 (range $4,523-24,420) annually in revenue from billing for MTM services. Blood pressure kiosks can be used to identify patients with elevated blood pressure who may benefit from reimbursable pharmacist cognitive services. Revenue can be reinvested to purchase automated dispensing technology or offset pharmacy technician costs to free pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical care. Improved patient outcomes, increased patient loyalty, and improved adherence are additional potential benefits.

Towards a deterministic KPZ equation with fractional diffusion: the stationary problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdellaoui, Boumediene; Peral, Ireneo

2018-04-01

In this work, we investigate by analysis the possibility of a solution to the fractional quasilinear problem: where is a bounded regular domain ( is sufficient), , 1  <  q and f is a measurable non-negative function with suitable hypotheses. The analysis is done separately in three cases: subcritical, 1  <  q  <  2s critical, q  =  2s and supercritical, q  >  2s. The authors were partially supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad under grants MTM2013-40846-P and MTM2016-80474-P (Spain).

Internet protocol network mapper

DOEpatents

Youd, David W.; Colon III, Domingo R.; Seidl, Edward T.

2016-02-23

A network mapper for performing tasks on targets is provided. The mapper generates a map of a network that specifies the overall configuration of the network. The mapper inputs a procedure that defines how the network is to be mapped. The procedure specifies what, when, and in what order the tasks are to be performed. Each task specifies processing that is to be performed for a target to produce results. The procedure may also specify input parameters for a task. The mapper inputs initial targets that specify a range of network addresses to be mapped. The mapper maps the network by, for each target, executing the procedure to perform the tasks on the target. The results of the tasks represent the mapping of the network defined by the initial targets.

The identification of solar wind waves at discrete frequencies and the role of the spectral analysis techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Di Matteo, S.; Villante, U.

2017-05-01

The occurrence of waves at discrete frequencies in the solar wind (SW) parameters has been reported in the scientific literature with some controversial results, mostly concerning the existence (and stability) of favored sets of frequencies. On the other hand, the experimental results might be influenced by the analytical methods adopted for the spectral analysis. We focused attention on the fluctuations of the SW dynamic pressure (PSW) occurring in the leading edges of streams following interplanetary shocks and compared the results of the Welch method (WM) with those of the multitaper method (MTM). The results of a simulation analysis demonstrate that the identification of the wave occurrence and the frequency estimate might be strongly influenced by the signal characteristics and analytical methods, especially in the presence of multicomponent signals. In SW streams, PSW oscillations are routinely detected in the entire range f ≈ 1.2-5.0 mHz; nevertheless, the WM/MTM agreement in the identification and frequency estimate occurs in ≈50% of events and different sets of favored frequencies would be proposed for the same set of events by the WM and MTM analysis. The histogram of the frequency distribution of the events identified by both methods suggests more relevant percentages between f ≈ 1.7-1.9, f ≈ 2.7-3.4, and f ≈ 3.9-4.4 (with a most relevant peak at f ≈ 4.2 mHz). Extremely severe thresholds select a small number (14) of remarkable events, with a one-to-one correspondence between WM and MTM: interestingly, these events reveal a tendency for a favored occurrence in bins centered at f ≈ 2.9 and at f ≈ 4.2 mHz.

Wild Plant Assessment for Heavy Metal Phytoremediation Potential along the Mafic and Ultramafic Terrain in Northern Pakistan

PubMed Central

Shah, Mohammad Tahir; Khan, Sardar; Saddique, Umar; Gul, Nida; Khan, Muhammad Usman; Malik, Riffat Naseem; Farooq, Muhammad; Naz, Alia

2013-01-01

This study investigates the wild plant species for their phytoremediation potential of macro and trace metals (MTM). For this purpose, soil and wild plant species samples were collected along mafic and ultramafic terrain in the Jijal, Dubair, and Alpuri areas of Kohistan region, northern Pakistan. These samples were analyzed for the concentrations of MTM (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Co) using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS-PEA-700). Soil showed significant (P < .001) contamination level, while plants had greater variability in metal uptake from the contaminated sites. Plant species such as Selaginella jacquemontii, Rumex hastatus, and Plectranthus rugosus showed multifold enrichment factor (EF) of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, and Co as compared to background area. Results revealed that these wild plant species have the ability to uptake and accumulate higher metals concentration. Therefore, these plant species may be used for phytoremediation of metals contaminated soil. However, higher MTM concentrations in the wild plant species could cause environmental hazards in the study area, as selected metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Co, and Pb) have toxicological concerns. PMID:24078907

Experimental Testing of a Metamaterial Slow Wave Structure for High-Power Microwave Generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shipman, K.; Prasad, S.; Andreev, D.; Fisher, D. M.; Reass, D. B.; Schamiloglu, E.; Gilmore, M.

2017-10-01

A high-power L band source has been developed using a metamaterial (MTM) to produce a double negative slow wave structure (SWS) for interaction with an electron beam. The beam is generated by a 700 kV, 6 kA short pulse (10 ns) accelerator. The design of the SWS consists of a cylindrical waveguide, loaded with alternating split-rings that are arrayed axially down the waveguide. The beam is guided down the center of the rings, where electrons interact with the MTM-SWS producing radiation. Power is extracted axially via a circular waveguide, and radiated by a horn antenna. Microwaves are characterized by an external detector placed in a waveguide. Mode characterization is performed using a neon bulb array. The bulbs are lit by the electric field, resulting in an excitation pattern that resembles the field pattern. This is imaged using an SLR camera. The MTM structure has electrically small features so breakdown is a concern. In addition to high speed cameras, a fiber-optic-fed, sub-ns photomultiplier tube array diagnostic has been developed and used to characterize breakdown light. Work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, MURI Grant FA9550-12-1-0489.

A comparison of four different lens mappers.

PubMed

Larrue, Denis; Legeard, Morgane

2014-11-01

Recently, a number of lens mappers have become available for measuring the detailed optical properties of progressive addition lenses (PALs). The goal of this study was to compare the results obtained from several different lens mappers for a range of different lenses. The optical power maps of six lenses-two single-vision lenses, a parallel-sided slide, a flat prism, and two progressive lenses-were measured using four different lens mappers: the Dual Lens Mapper, the Nimo TR4005, the Rotlex Class Plus, and the Visionix VM2500. The repeatability of the instruments was also evaluated. All lens mappers gave very repeatable measurements; however, measurements among the lens mappers varied considerably. Differences appeared to be above the tolerance at the optical center for measurements of single-vision lenses, and these differences increase in the periphery up to 1.00 diopter. Similar differences were observed for the PALs, even increased by prism and base curve effect, with figures greater than 1 diopter in the periphery. The measurements made on the prism and lenses with different base curves suggest that base curve, thickness, and prismatic effect can all contribute to the differences among instruments. Measurements of a given lens taken with different lens mappers can vary substantially. Particular caution should be exercised when interpreting power maps for PALs taken with different instruments.

Compositional diversity of near-, far-side transitory zone around Naonobu, Webb and Sinus Successus craters: Inferences from Chandrayaan-1 Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bharti, Rishikesh; Ramakrishnan, D.; Singh, K. D.

2014-02-01

This study investigated the potential of Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data for studying compositional variation in the near-, far-side transition zone of the lunar surface. For this purpose, the radiance values of the M3 data were corrected for illumination and emission related effects and converted to apparent reflectance. Dimensionality of the calibrated reflectance image cube was reduced using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and endmembers were extracted by using Pixel Purity Index (PPI) algorithm. The selected endmembers were linearly unmixed and resolved for mineralogy using United States Geological Survey (USGS) library spectra of minerals. These mineralogically resolved endmembers were used to map the compositional variability within, and outside craters using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm. Cross validation for certain litho types was attempted using band ratios like Optical Maturity (OMAT), Color Ratio Composite and Integrated Band Depth ratio (IBD). The identified lithologies for highland and basin areas match well with published works and strongly support depth related magmatic differentiation. Prevalence of pigeonite-basalt, pigeonite-norite and pyroxenite in crater peaks and floors are unique to the investigated area and are attributed to local, lateral compositional variability in magma composition due to pressure, temperature, and rate of cooling.

Operon-mapper: A Web Server for Precise Operon Identification in Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes.

PubMed

Taboada, Blanca; Estrada, Karel; Ciria, Ricardo; Merino, Enrique

2018-06-19

Operon-mapper is a web server that accurately, easily, and directly predicts the operons of any bacterial or archaeal genome sequence. The operon predictions are based on the intergenic distance of neighboring genes as well as the functional relationships of their protein-coding products. To this end, Operon-mapper finds all the ORFs within a given nucleotide sequence, along with their genomic coordinates, orthology groups, and functional relationships. We believe that Operon-mapper, due to its accuracy, simplicity and speed, as well as the relevant information that it generates, will be a useful tool for annotating and characterizing genomic sequences. http://biocomputo.ibt.unam.mx/operon_mapper/.

Evaluation of corn/soybeans separability using Thematic Mapper and Thematic Mapper Simulator data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pitts, D. E.; Badhwar, G. D.; Thompson, D. R.; Henderson, K. E.; Shen, S. S.; Sorensen, C. T.; Carnes, J. G.

1984-01-01

Multitemporal Thematic Mapper, Thematic Mapper Simulator, and detailed ground truth data were collected for a 9- by 11-km sample segment in Webster County, IA, in the summer of 1982. Three dates were acquired each with Thematic Mapper Simulator (June 7, June 23, and July 31) and Thematic Mapper (August 2, September 3, and October 21). The Thematic Mapper Simulator data were converted to equivalent TM count values using TM and TMS calibration data and model based estimates of atmospheric effects. The July 31, TMS image was compared to the August 2, TM image to verify the conversion process. A quantitative measure of proportion estimation variance (Fisher information) was used to evaluate the corn/soybeans separability for each TM band as a function of time during the growing season. The additional bands in the middle infrared allowed corn and soybeans to be separated much earlier than was possible with the visible and near-infrared bands alone. Using the TM and TMS data, temporal profiles of the TM principal components were developed. The greenness and brightness exhibited behavior similar to MSS greenness and brightness for corn and soybeans.

Mapping surface energy balance components by combining landsat thematic mapper and ground-based meteorological data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Moran, M.S.; Jackson, R. D.; Raymond, L.H.; Gay, L.W.; Slater, P.N.

1989-01-01

Surface energy balance components were evaluated by combining satellite-based spectral data with on-site measurements of solar irradiance, air temperature, wind speed, and vapor pressure. Maps of latent heat flux density (??E) and net radiant flux density (Rn) were produced using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data for three dates: 23 July 1985, 5 April 1986, and 24 June 1986. On each date, a Bowen-ratio apparatus, located in a vegetated field, was used to measure ??E and Rn at a point within the field. Estimates of ??E and Rn were also obtained using radiometers aboard an aircraft flown at 150 m above ground level. The TM-based estimates differed from the Bowen-ratio and aircraft-based estimates by less than 12 % over mature fields of cotton, wheat, and alfalfa, where ??E and Rn ranged from 400 to 700 Wm-2. ?? 1989.

Analysis of Thematic Mapper data for studying the suspended matter distribution in the coastal area of the German Bight (North Sea)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Doerffer, R.; Fischer, J.; Stoessel, M.; Brockmann, C.; Grassl, H.

1989-01-01

Thematic Mapper data were analyzed with respect to its capability for mapping the complex structure and dynamics of suspended matter distribution in the coastal area of the German Bight (North Sea). Three independent pieces of information were found by factor analysis of all seven TM channels: suspended matter concentration, atmospheric scattering, and sea surface temperature. For the required atmospheric correction, the signal-to-noise ratios of Channels 5 and 7 have to be improved by averaging over 25 x 25 pixels, which also makes it possible to monitor the aerosol optical depth and aerosol type over cloud-free water surfaces. Near-surface suspended matter concentrations may be detected with an accuracy of factor less than 2 by using an algorithm derived from radiative transfer model calculation. The patchiness of suspended matter and its relation to underwater topography was analyzed with autocorrelation and cross-correlation.

The spatial distribution of rocks on Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christensen, P. R.

1986-11-01

A Viking IR Thematic Mapper observations-based mapping of the spatial distribution of rocks exposed on the planet's surface exhibits a 6-percent areal coverage rock abundance. A model for the determination of rock abundance relates the thermal emission in each of the four Thematic Mapper bands to temperature contrasts in the field of view as well as to nonunit thermal emissivity due to absorption bands in the surface materials and the scattering of the outgoing energy by atmospheric dust and water ice; since each of these produces characteristic spectral and diurnal signatures, they can be readily separated. Dual-polarization radar measurements show the Tharsis volcanic region to be very rough, while thermal measurements indicate few rocks, accompanied by a dust covering. These observations suggest an approximately 1-km thick mantle of fines, overlying a rough subsurface, on which both erosional and depositional aeolian processes have exerted considerable influence.

Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bleamaster, Leslie F., III (Editor); Tanaka, Kenneth L.; Kelley, Michael S.

2009-01-01

Topics covered include: Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla-Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Progress Report; Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Planitia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for Tectonic and Volcanic History of the North Polar Region of Venus; Preliminary Geological Map of the Fortuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Venus; Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V-57) Quadrangle, Venus; Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus; Geologic Mapping of V-19; Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 ("Marius") Quadrangle; Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic History and Stratigraphy of Schr dinger Basin; Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Nili Fossae, Mars; Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Mars; Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Region of Mars; Geology of a Portion of the Martian Highlands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 and -25007; Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow System; Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Planum, Mars; Geologic Mapping of Athabaca Valles; Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Vallis Region, Mars Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Tooting; Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping along the Coprates Rise; Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Work Plan; Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Second Year Results and Third Year Plan; Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Half Way Done; New Geologic Map of the Scandia Region of Mars; Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fossae Formation on Mars and the Northern Lowland Plains of Venus; Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Geologic Mapping; and Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2009.

Thermal and albedo mapping of the polar regions of Mars using Viking thermal mapper observations: 1. North polar region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Paige, David A.; Bachman, Jennifer E.; Keegan, Kenneth D.

1994-01-01

We present the first maps of the apparent thermal inertia and albedo of the north polar region of Mars. The observations used to create these maps were acquired by the infrared thermal mapper (IRTM) instruments on the two Viking orbiters over a 50-day period in 1978 during the Martian early northern summer season. The maps cover the region from 60 deg N to the north pole at a spatial resolution of 1/2 deg of latitude. The analysis and interpretation of these maps is aided by the results of a one-dimensional radiative convective model, which is used to calculate diurnal variations in surface and atmospheric temperatures, and brightness temperatures at the top of the atmospphere for a wide range of assumptions concerning aerosol optical properties and aerosol optical depths. The results of these calculations show that the effects of the Martian atmosphere on remote determinations of surface thermal inertia are more significant than have been indicated in previous studies. The maps of apparent thermal inertia and albedo show a great deal of spatial structure that is well correlated with surface features.

Systemic AAV8-Mediated Gene Therapy Drives Whole-Body Correction of Myotubular Myopathy in Dogs.

PubMed

Mack, David L; Poulard, Karine; Goddard, Melissa A; Latournerie, Virginie; Snyder, Jessica M; Grange, Robert W; Elverman, Matthew R; Denard, Jérôme; Veron, Philippe; Buscara, Laurine; Le Bec, Christine; Hogrel, Jean-Yves; Brezovec, Annie G; Meng, Hui; Yang, Lin; Liu, Fujun; O'Callaghan, Michael; Gopal, Nikhil; Kelly, Valerie E; Smith, Barbara K; Strande, Jennifer L; Mavilio, Fulvio; Beggs, Alan H; Mingozzi, Federico; Lawlor, Michael W; Buj-Bello, Ana; Childers, Martin K

2017-04-05

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) results from MTM1 gene mutations and myotubularin deficiency. Most XLMTM patients develop severe muscle weakness leading to respiratory failure and death, typically within 2 years of age. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of systemic gene therapy in the p.N155K canine model of XLMTM by performing a dose escalation study. A recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (rAAV8) vector expressing canine myotubularin (cMTM1) under the muscle-specific desmin promoter (rAAV8-cMTM1) was administered by simple peripheral venous infusion in XLMTM dogs at 10 weeks of age, when signs of the disease are already present. A comprehensive analysis of survival, limb strength, gait, respiratory function, neurological assessment, histology, vector biodistribution, transgene expression, and immune response was performed over a 9-month study period. Results indicate that systemic gene therapy was well tolerated, prolonged lifespan, and corrected the skeletal musculature throughout the body in a dose-dependent manner, defining an efficacious dose in this large-animal model of the disease. These results support the development of gene therapy clinical trials for XLMTM. Copyright © 2017 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Effects of Mountaintop Mines and Valley Fills on Aquatic ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

This report assesses the state of the science on the environmental impacts of mountaintop mines and valley fills (MTM-VF) on streams in the Central Appalachian Coalfields. Our review focused on the aquatic impacts of mountaintop removal coal mining, which, as its name suggests, involves removing all or some portion of the top of a mountain or ridge to expose and mine one or more coal seams. The excess overburden is disposed of in constructed fills in small valleys or hollows adjacent to the mining site. MTM-VF lead directly to five principal alterations of stream ecosystems: (1) springs, intermittent streams, and small perennial streams are permanently lost with the removal of the mountain and from burial under fill, (2) concentrations of major chemical ions are persistently elevated downstream, (3) degraded water quality reaches levels that are acutely lethal to standard laboratory test organisms, (4) selenium concentrations are elevated, reaching concentrations that have caused toxic effects in fish and birds and (5) macroinvertebrate and fish communities are consistently and significantly degraded. This report assesses the state of the science on the environmental impacts of Mountaintop Mines and Valley Fills (MTM-VF) on streams in the Central Appalachian Coalfields. The draft report will be externally peer reviewed by EPA's Science Advisory Board in early 2010.

Simulation of Thematic Mapper performance as a function of sensor scanning parameters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, R. H.; Shah, N. J.; Schmidt, N. F.

1975-01-01

The investigation and results of the Thematic Mapper Instrument Performance Study are described. The Thematic Mapper is the advanced multispectral scanner initially planned for the Earth Observation Satellite and now planned for LANDSAT D. The use of existing digital airborne scanner data obtained with the Modular Multispectral Scanner (M2S) at Bendix provided an opportunity to simulate the effects of variation of design parameters of the Thematic Mapper. Analysis and processing of this data on the Bendix Multispectral Data Analysis System were used to empirically determine categorization performance on data generated with variations of the sampling period and scan overlap parameters of the Thematic Mapper. The Bendix M2S data, with a 2.5 milliradian instantaneous field of view and a spatial resolution (pixel size) of 10-m from 13,000 ft altitude, allowed a direct simulation of Thematic Mapper data with a 30-m resolution. The flight data chosen were obtained on 30 June 1973 over agricultural test sites in Indiana.

Evaluation of spatial, radiometric and spectral Thematic Mapper performance for coastal studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Klemas, V. (Principal Investigator)

1983-01-01

A series of experiments were initiated to determine the feasibility of using thematic mapper spectral data to estimate wetlands biomass. The experiments were conducted using hand-held radiometers simulating thematic mapper wavebands 3, 4 and 5. Spectral radiance data were collected from the ground and from a low altitude aircraft in an attempt to gain some insight into the potential utility of actual thematic mapper data for biomass estimation in wetland plant communities. In addition, radiative transfer models describing volume reflectance of eight water column containing submerged aquatic vegetation were refined.

Shared Knowledge for Addressing Impacts of Land Use Transitions on Reindeer Husbandry in Northern Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maynard, N.; Yurchak, B.; Sleptsov, Y.; Turi, J. M.

2004-12-01

Reindeer husbandry in Northern Russia is an economic activity with a special cultural dimension of utmost importance to the indigenous peoples. Climate changes with warmer temperatures are creating significant problems now in the Arctic for the reindeer herds. These climate factors, industrial development, and the recent transition of Russia to a market economy have resulted in a nearly complete disruption of any system of supply of goods and services and health care to indigenous peoples. In turn, this has caused rapidly deteriorating health and living conditions in the indigenous reindeer herder communities. To try to address some of these issues, a NASA-reindeer herder partnership, called Reindeer Mapper, has been initiated which is establishing a system to bring indigenous traditional and local knowledge together with scientific and engineering knowledge, remote sensing and information technologies to create a more powerful information base for addressing these environmental, climate, industrial, political, and business problems. Preliminary results from the Reindeer Mapper pilot project will be presented including a special information-sharing communications system for the Reindeer Mapper project (a private intranet system), several NASA data sets useful to the herders including SAR and Landsat imagery, local knowledge of herd distributions, ground-based data, and weather observations. Results will also be presented from the first NASA-reindeer herder science and indigenous knowledge summer camp for children of reindeer herders from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

The Deep Space Gateway Lightning Mapper (DLM) — Monitoring Global Change and Thunderstorm Processes through Observations of Earth's High-Latitude Lightning from Cis-Lunar Orbit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lang, T. J.; Blakeslee, R. J.; Cecil, D. J.; Christian, H. J.; Gatlin, P. N.; Goodman, S. J.; Koshak, W. J.; Petersen, W. A.; Quick, M.; Schultz, C. J.; Tatum, P. F.

2018-02-01

We propose the Deep Space Gateway Lightning Mapper (DLM) instrument. The primary goal of the DLM is to optically monitor Earth's high-latitude (50° and poleward) total lightning not observed by current and planned spaceborne lightning mappers.

Thematic mapper design parameter investigation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Colby, C. P., Jr.; Wheeler, S. G.

1978-01-01

This study simulated the multispectral data sets to be expected from three different Thematic Mapper configurations, and the ground processing of these data sets by three different resampling techniques. The simulated data sets were then evaluated by processing them for multispectral classification, and the Thematic Mapper configuration, and resampling technique which provided the best classification accuracy were identified.

Resource and environmental surveys from space with the thematic mapper in the 1980's

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

The selection of observation of vegetation is the primary optimization objective of the thematic mapper. The following are aspects of plans for the thematic mapper: (1) to include an appropriately modified first generation MSS in the thematic mapper mission; (2) to provide assured coverage for a minimum of six years to give agencies and other users an opportunity to justify the necessary commitment of resources for the transition into a completely valid operational phase; (3) to provide for global, direct data read-out, without the necessity for on-board data storage or dependence on foreign receiving stations; (4) to recognize the operational character of the thematic mapper after successful completion of its experimental evaluation; and (5) to combine future experimental packages with compatible orbits as part of the operational LANDSAT follow-on payloads.

A mobile, web-based system can improve positive airway pressure adherence.

PubMed

Hostler, Jordanna M; Sheikh, Karen L; Andrada, Teotimo F; Khramtsov, Andrei; Holley, Paul R; Holley, Aaron B

2017-04-01

SleepMapper is a mobile, web-based system that allows patients to self-monitor their positive airway pressure therapy, and provides feedback and education in real time. In addition to the usual, comprehensive support provided at our clinic, we gave the SleepMapper to 30 patients initiating positive airway pressure. They were compared with patients initiating positive airway pressure at our clinic without SleepMapper (controls) to determine whether SleepMapper affected adherence. A total of 61 patients had polysomnographic and adherence data analysed, 30 were given SleepMapper and 31 received our standard of care. The two groups were well matched at baseline to include no significant differences in age, apnea-hypopnea index, percentage receiving split-night polysomnographs and starting pressures. Patients in the control group received significantly more non-benzodiazepine sedative hypnotics the night of their polysomnography and during positive airway pressure initiation. At 11 weeks, patients in the SleepMapper group had a greater percentage of nights with any use (78.0 ± 22.0 versus 55.5 ± 24.0%; P < 0.001) and >4 h positive airway pressure use (78.0 ± 22.0 versus 55.5 ± 24.0%; P = 0.02). There was a trend toward more patients in the SleepMapper group achieving >4 h of use for at least 70% of nights [9/30 (30%) versus 3/31 (9.7%); P = 0.06]. In multivariate linear regression, the SleepMapper remained significantly associated with percentage of nights >4 h positive airway pressure use (β coefficient = 0.18; P = 0.02). Added to our usual, comprehensive programme to maximize positive airway pressure adherence in new users, the SleepMapper was independently associated with an 18% increase in nights >4 h of use. © 2016 European Sleep Research Society.

Lineage mapper: A versatile cell and particle tracker

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalfoun, Joe; Majurski, Michael; Dima, Alden; Halter, Michael; Bhadriraju, Kiran; Brady, Mary

2016-11-01

The ability to accurately track cells and particles from images is critical to many biomedical problems. To address this, we developed Lineage Mapper, an open-source tracker for time-lapse images of biological cells, colonies, and particles. Lineage Mapper tracks objects independently of the segmentation method, detects mitosis in confluence, separates cell clumps mistakenly segmented as a single cell, provides accuracy and scalability even on terabyte-sized datasets, and creates division and/or fusion lineages. Lineage Mapper has been tested and validated on multiple biological and simulated problems. The software is available in ImageJ and Matlab at isg.nist.gov.

HGDP and HapMap Analysis by Ancestry Mapper Reveals Local and Global Population Relationships

PubMed Central

Magalhães, Tiago R.; Casey, Jillian P.; Conroy, Judith; Regan, Regina; Fitzpatrick, Darren J.; Shah, Naisha; Sobral, João; Ennis, Sean

2012-01-01

Knowledge of human origins, migrations, and expansions is greatly enhanced by the availability of large datasets of genetic information from different populations and by the development of bioinformatic tools used to analyze the data. We present Ancestry Mapper, which we believe improves on existing methods, for the assignment of genetic ancestry to an individual and to study the relationships between local and global populations. The principle function of the method, named Ancestry Mapper, is to give each individual analyzed a genetic identifier, made up of just 51 genetic coordinates, that corresponds to its relationship to the HGDP reference population. As a consequence, the Ancestry Mapper Id (AMid) has intrinsic biological meaning and provides a tool to measure similarity between world populations. We applied Ancestry Mapper to a dataset comprised of the HGDP and HapMap data. The results show distinctions at the continental level, while simultaneously giving details at the population level. We clustered AMids of HGDP/HapMap and observe a recapitulation of human migrations: for a small number of clusters, individuals are grouped according to continental origins; for a larger number of clusters, regional and population distinctions are evident. Calculating distances between AMids allows us to infer ancestry. The number of coordinates is expandable, increasing the power of Ancestry Mapper. An R package called Ancestry Mapper is available to apply this method to any high density genomic data set. PMID:23189146

HGDP and HapMap analysis by Ancestry Mapper reveals local and global population relationships.

PubMed

Magalhães, Tiago R; Casey, Jillian P; Conroy, Judith; Regan, Regina; Fitzpatrick, Darren J; Shah, Naisha; Sobral, João; Ennis, Sean

2012-01-01

Knowledge of human origins, migrations, and expansions is greatly enhanced by the availability of large datasets of genetic information from different populations and by the development of bioinformatic tools used to analyze the data. We present Ancestry Mapper, which we believe improves on existing methods, for the assignment of genetic ancestry to an individual and to study the relationships between local and global populations. The principle function of the method, named Ancestry Mapper, is to give each individual analyzed a genetic identifier, made up of just 51 genetic coordinates, that corresponds to its relationship to the HGDP reference population. As a consequence, the Ancestry Mapper Id (AMid) has intrinsic biological meaning and provides a tool to measure similarity between world populations. We applied Ancestry Mapper to a dataset comprised of the HGDP and HapMap data. The results show distinctions at the continental level, while simultaneously giving details at the population level. We clustered AMids of HGDP/HapMap and observe a recapitulation of human migrations: for a small number of clusters, individuals are grouped according to continental origins; for a larger number of clusters, regional and population distinctions are evident. Calculating distances between AMids allows us to infer ancestry. The number of coordinates is expandable, increasing the power of Ancestry Mapper. An R package called Ancestry Mapper is available to apply this method to any high density genomic data set.

CheS-Mapper 2.0 for visual validation of (Q)SAR models

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Sound statistical validation is important to evaluate and compare the overall performance of (Q)SAR models. However, classical validation does not support the user in better understanding the properties of the model or the underlying data. Even though, a number of visualization tools for analyzing (Q)SAR information in small molecule datasets exist, integrated visualization methods that allow the investigation of model validation results are still lacking. Results We propose visual validation, as an approach for the graphical inspection of (Q)SAR model validation results. The approach applies the 3D viewer CheS-Mapper, an open-source application for the exploration of small molecules in virtual 3D space. The present work describes the new functionalities in CheS-Mapper 2.0, that facilitate the analysis of (Q)SAR information and allows the visual validation of (Q)SAR models. The tool enables the comparison of model predictions to the actual activity in feature space. The approach is generic: It is model-independent and can handle physico-chemical and structural input features as well as quantitative and qualitative endpoints. Conclusions Visual validation with CheS-Mapper enables analyzing (Q)SAR information in the data and indicates how this information is employed by the (Q)SAR model. It reveals, if the endpoint is modeled too specific or too generic and highlights common properties of misclassified compounds. Moreover, the researcher can use CheS-Mapper to inspect how the (Q)SAR model predicts activity cliffs. The CheS-Mapper software is freely available at http://ches-mapper.org. Graphical abstract Comparing actual and predicted activity values with CheS-Mapper.

Applying Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of Health Behavior Change to Predict Water Consumption Instead of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages.

PubMed

Sharma, Manoj; Catalano, Hannah Priest; Nahar, Vinayak K; Lingam, Vimala C; Johnson, Paul; Ford, M Allison

2017-02-25

A substantial proportion of college students to not drink enough water and consume sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Consumption of SSBs is associated with weight gain, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dental carries, and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Hence, the purpose of this study was to use the multi-theory model (MTM) in predicting initiation and sustenance of plain water consumption instead of sugar-sweetened beverages among college students. A cross-sectional study. In this cross-sectional study, a 37-item valid and reliable MTM-based survey was administered to college students in 2016 via Qualtrics at a large public university in the Southeastern United States. Overall, 410 students responded to the survey; of those, 174 were eligible for the study and completed it. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that 61.8% of the variance in the initiation of drinking plain water instead of SSBs was explained by behavioral confidence (P<0.001) and changes in the physical environment (P<0.001). Further, 58.3% of the variance in the sustenance of drinking plain water instead of SSBs was explained by emotional transformation (P<0.001) and practice for change (P=0.001). Multi-theory model of health behavior change is a robust theory for predicting plain water consumption instead of SSBs in college students. Interventions should be developed based on this theory for this target population.

A design for living technology: experiments with the mind time machine.

PubMed

Ikegami, Takashi

2013-01-01

Living technology aims to help people expand their experiences in everyday life. The environment offers people ways to interact with it, which we call affordances. Living technology is a design for new affordances. When we experience something new, we remember it by the way we perceive and interact with it. Recent studies in neuroscience have led to the idea of a default mode network, which is a baseline activity of a brain system. The autonomy of artificial life must be understood as a sort of default mode that self-organizes its baseline activity, preparing for its external inputs and its interaction with humans. I thus propose a method for creating a suitable default mode as a design principle for living technology. I built a machine called the mind time machine (MTM), which runs continuously for 10 h per day and receives visual data from its environment using 15 video cameras. The MTM receives and edits the video inputs while it self-organizes the momentary now. Its base program is a neural network that includes chaotic dynamics inside the system and a meta-network that consists of video feedback systems. Using this system as the hardware and a default mode network as a conceptual framework, I describe the system's autonomous behavior. Using the MTM as a testing ground, I propose a design principle for living technology.

Evaluation of Sandwich Structure Bonding In Out-of-Autoclave Processing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hou, Tan-Hung; Baughman, James M.; Zimmerman, Thomas J.; Sutter, James K.; Gardner, John M.

2010-01-01

The out-of-autoclave-vacuum-bag-only (OOA-VBO) process is low in capital expenditures compared to the traditional autoclave, however, the material challenges for OOA-VBO workable material systems are high. Presently there are few such aerospace grade prepreg materials available commercially. In this study, we evaluated processing and properties of honeycomb sandwich structure (HC/SS) panels fabricated by co-curing composite face sheet with adhesives by the OOA-VBO process in an oven. The prepreg materials were IM7/MTM 45-1 and T40-800B/5320. Adhesives studied were AF-555M, XMTA-241/PM15, FM-309-1M and FM-300K. Aluminum H/C cores with and without perforations were included. It was found that adhesives in IM7/MTM 45-1/AF-555M, T40-800B/5320/FM 309-1M and T40-800B/5320/FM-300K panels all foamed but yielded high flatwise tensile (FWT) strength values above 8,275 kPA (1,200 psi). IM7/MTM 45-1/XMTA-241/PM15 did not foam, yet yielded a low FWT strength. SEM photomicrographs revealed that the origin of this low strength was poor adhesion in the interfaces between the adhesive and face sheet composite due to poor wetting associated with the high initial viscosity of the XMTA-241/PM15 adhesive.

Using satellite data on meteorological and vegetation characteristics and soil surface humidity in the Land Surface Model for the vast territory of agricultural destination

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muzylev, Eugene; Startseva, Zoya; Uspensky, Alexander; Vasilenko, Eugene; Volkova, Elena; Kukharsky, Alexander

2017-04-01

The model of water and heat exchange between vegetation covered territory and atmosphere (LSM, Land Surface Model) for vegetation season has been developed to calculate soil water content, evapotranspiration, infiltration of water into the soil, vertical latent and sensible heat fluxes and other water and heat balances components as well as soil surface and vegetation cover temperatures and depth distributions of moisture and temperature. The LSM is suited for utilizing satellite-derived estimates of precipitation, land surface temperature and vegetation characteristics and soil surface humidity for each pixel. Vegetation and meteorological characteristics being the model parameters and input variables, correspondingly, have been estimated by ground observations and thematic processing measurement data of scanning radiometers AVHRR/NOAA, SEVIRI/Meteosat-9, -10 (MSG-2, -3) and MSU-MR/Meteor-M № 2. Values of soil surface humidity has been calculated from remote sensing data of scatterometers ASCAT/MetOp-A, -B. The case study has been carried out for the territory of part of the agricultural Central Black Earth Region of European Russia with area of 227300 km2 located in the forest-steppe zone for years 2012-2015 vegetation seasons. The main objectives of the study have been: - to built estimates of precipitation, land surface temperatures (LST) and vegetation characteristics from MSU-MR measurement data using the refined technologies (including algorithms and programs) of thematic processing satellite information matured on AVHRR and SEVIRI data. All technologies have been adapted to the area of interest; - to investigate the possibility of utilizing satellite-derived estimates of values above in the LSM including verification of obtained estimates and development of procedure of their inputting into the model. From the AVHRR data there have been built the estimates of precipitation, three types of LST: land skin temperature Tsg, air temperature at a level of vegetation cover (taken for vegetation temperature) Ta and efficient radiation temperature Ts.eff, as well as land surface emissivity E, normalized difference vegetation index NDVI, vegetation cover fraction B, and leaf area index LAI. The SEVIRI-based retrievals have included precipitation, LST Tls and Ta, E at daylight and nighttime, LAI (daily), and B. From the MSU-MR data there have been retrieved values of all the same characteristics as from the AVHRR data. The MSU-MR-based daily and monthly sums of precipitation have been calculated using the developed earlier and modified Multi Threshold Method (MTM) intended for the cloud detection and identification of its types around the clock as well as allocation of precipitation zones and determination of instantaneous maximum rainfall intensities for each pixel at that the transition from assessing rainfall intensity to estimating their daily values is a key element of the MTM. Measurement data from 3 IR MSU-MR channels (3.8, 11 i 12 μm) as well as their differences have been used in the MTM as predictors. Controlling the correctness of the MSU-MR-derived rainfall estimates has been carried out when comparing with analogous AVHRR- and SEVIRI-based retrievals and with precipitation amounts measured at the agricultural meteorological station of the study region. Probability of rainfall zones determination from the MSU-MR data, to match against the actual ones, has been 75-85% as well as for the AVHRR and SEVIRI data. The time behaviors of satellite-derived and ground-measured daily and monthly precipitation sums for vegetation season and yeaŗ correspondingly, have been in good agreement with each other although the first ones have been smoother than the latter. Discrepancies have existed for a number of local maxima for which satellite-derived precipitation estimates have been less than ground-measured values. It may be due to the different spatial scales of areal satellite-derived and point ground-based estimates. Some spatial displacement of the satellite-determined rainfall maxima and minima regarding to ground-based data can be explained by the discrepancy between the cloud location on satellite images and in reality at high angles of the satellite sightings and considerable altitudes of the cloud tops. Reliability of MSU-MR-derived rainfall estimates at each time step obtained using the MTM has been verified by comparing their values determined from the MSU-MR, AVHRR and SEVIRI measurements and distributed over the study area with similar estimates obtained by interpolation of ground observation data. The MSU-MR-derived estimates of temperatures Tsg, Ts.eff, and Ta have been obtained using computational algorithm developed on the base of the MTM and matured on AVHRR and SEVIRI data for the region under investigation. Since the apparatus MSU-MR is similar to radiometer AVHRR, the developed methods of satellite estimating Tsg, Ts.eff, and Ta from AVHRR data could be easily transferred to the MSU-MR data. Comparison of the ground-measured and MSU-MR-, AVHRR- and SEVIRI-derived LSTs has shown that the differences between all the estimates for the vast majority of observation terms have not exceed the RMSE of these quantities built from the AVHRR data. The similar conclusion has been also made from the results of building the time behavior of the MSU-MR-derived value of LAI for vegetation season. Satellite-based estimates of precipitation, LST, LAI and B have been utilized in the model with the help of specially developed procedures of replacing these values determined from observations at agricultural meteorological stations by their satellite-derived values taking into account spatial heterogeneity of their fields. Adequacy of such replacement has been confirmed by the results of comparing modeled and ground-measured values of soil moisture content W and evapotranspiration Ev. Discrepancies between the modeled and ground-measured values of W and Ev have been in the range of 10-15 and 20-25 %, correspondingly. It may be considered as acceptable result. Resulted products of the model calculations using satellite data have been spatial fields of W, Ev, vertical sensible and latent heat fluxes and other water and heat regime characteristics for the region of interest over the year 2012-2015 vegetation seasons. Thus, there has been shown the possibility of utilizing MSU-MR/Meteor-M №2 data jointly with those of other satellites in the LSM to calculate characteristics of water and heat regimes for the area under consideration. Besides the first trial estimations of the soil surface moisture from ASCAT scatterometers data for the study region have been obtained for the years 2014-2015 vegetation seasons, their comparison has been performed with the results of modeling for several agricultural meteorological stations of the region that has been carried out utilizing ground-based and satellite data, specific requirements for the obtained information have been formulated. To date, estimates of surface moisture built from ASCAT data can be used for the selection of the model soil parameter values and the initial soil moisture conditions for the vegetation season.

Development of image mappers for hyperspectral biomedical imaging applications

PubMed Central

Kester, Robert T.; Gao, Liang; Tkaczyk, Tomasz S.

2010-01-01

A new design and fabrication method is presented for creating large-format (>100 mirror facets) image mappers for a snapshot hyperspectral biomedical imaging system called an image mapping spectrometer (IMS). To verify this approach a 250 facet image mapper with 25 multiple-tilt angles is designed for a compact IMS that groups the 25 subpupils in a 5 × 5 matrix residing within a single collecting objective's pupil. The image mapper is fabricated by precision diamond raster fly cutting using surface-shaped tools. The individual mirror facets have minimal edge eating, tilt errors of <1 mrad, and an average roughness of 5.4 nm. PMID:20357875

cMapper: gene-centric connectivity mapper for EBI-RDF platform.

PubMed

Shoaib, Muhammad; Ansari, Adnan Ahmad; Ahn, Sung-Min

2017-01-15

In this era of biological big data, data integration has become a common task and a challenge for biologists. The Resource Description Framework (RDF) was developed to enable interoperability of heterogeneous datasets. The EBI-RDF platform enables an efficient data integration of six independent biological databases using RDF technologies and shared ontologies. However, to take advantage of this platform, biologists need to be familiar with RDF technologies and SPARQL query language. To overcome this practical limitation of the EBI-RDF platform, we developed cMapper, a web-based tool that enables biologists to search the EBI-RDF databases in a gene-centric manner without a thorough knowledge of RDF and SPARQL. cMapper allows biologists to search data entities in the EBI-RDF platform that are connected to genes or small molecules of interest in multiple biological contexts. The input to cMapper consists of a set of genes or small molecules, and the output are data entities in six independent EBI-RDF databases connected with the given genes or small molecules in the user's query. cMapper provides output to users in the form of a graph in which nodes represent data entities and the edges represent connections between data entities and inputted set of genes or small molecules. Furthermore, users can apply filters based on database, taxonomy, organ and pathways in order to focus on a core connectivity graph of their interest. Data entities from multiple databases are differentiated based on background colors. cMapper also enables users to investigate shared connections between genes or small molecules of interest. Users can view the output graph on a web browser or download it in either GraphML or JSON formats. cMapper is available as a web application with an integrated MySQL database. The web application was developed using Java and deployed on Tomcat server. We developed the user interface using HTML5, JQuery and the Cytoscape Graph API. cMapper can be accessed at http://cmapper.ewostech.net Readers can download the development manual from the website http://cmapper.ewostech.net/docs/cMapperDocumentation.pdf. Source Code is available at https://github.com/muhammadshoaib/cmapperContact:smahn@gachon.ac.krSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Getting It Right Matters: Climate Spectra and Their Estimation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Privalsky, Victor; Yushkov, Vladislav

2018-06-01

In many recent publications, climate spectra estimated with different methods from observed, GCM-simulated, and reconstructed time series contain many peaks at time scales from a few years to many decades and even centuries. However, respective spectral estimates obtained with the autoregressive (AR) and multitapering (MTM) methods showed that spectra of climate time series are smooth and contain no evidence of periodic or quasi-periodic behavior. Four order selection criteria for the autoregressive models were studied and proven sufficiently reliable for 25 time series of climate observations at individual locations or spatially averaged at local-to-global scales. As time series of climate observations are short, an alternative reliable nonparametric approach is Thomson's MTM. These results agree with both the earlier climate spectral analyses and the Markovian stochastic model of climate.

Quasi-biennial modulation of the Northern Hemisphere tropopause height and temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ribera, P.; PeñA-Ortiz, C.; AñEl, J. A.; Gimeno, L.; de la Torre, L.; Gallego, D.

2008-04-01

The influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on the tropopause pressure and temperature is studied through the application of the multitaper-singular value decomposition method (MTM-SVD). Reanalysis data (ERA-40) from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and radiosonde data from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) covering the period 1979-1999 are used. The results show a strong response of the height and temperature of the tropopause to the QBO not limited to the equatorial latitudes but affecting the entire Northern Hemisphere. A cooling (warming) of the tropopause temperature over polar (equatorial) latitudes during a QBO positive phase is observed, being particularly noticeable over polar latitudes. The anomalies in the tropopause height confirm these results, with the tropopause being at higher (lower) levels in polar (equatorial) latitudes during QBO positive phase. Results for the QBO negative phase are of opposite sign. We also found that the results obtained using raw radiosonde data and reanalysis are in very good agreement. Finally, the evolution of the mass stream function through a QBO cycle is used to justify the differences observed in the evolution of the tropopause characteristics at low and high latitudes through the QBO cycle.

The effect of spatial, spectral and radiometric factors on classification accuracy using thematic mapper data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wrigley, R. C.; Acevedo, W.; Alexander, D.; Buis, J.; Card, D.

1984-01-01

An experiment of a factorial design was conducted to test the effects on classification accuracy of land cover types due to the improved spatial, spectral and radiometric characteristics of the Thematic Mapper (TM) in comparison to the Multispectral Scanner (MSS). High altitude aircraft scanner data from the Airborne Thematic Mapper instrument was acquired over central California in August, 1983 and used to simulate Thematic Mapper data as well as all combinations of the three characteristics for eight data sets in all. Results for the training sites (field center pixels) showed better classification accuracies for MSS spatial resolution, TM spectral bands and TM radiometry in order of importance.

A comparison between the first four thematic mapper reflective bands and other satellite sensor systems for vegetational monitoring

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tucker, C. J.

1978-01-01

The first four Landsat-D thematic mapper sensors were evaluated and compared to the RBV and MSS sensors from Landsats-1, 2, and 3, Colvocoresses' proposed 'operational Landsat' three band system, and the French SPOT three band system using simulation/integration techniques and in situ collected spectral reflectance data. Sensors were evaluated by their ability to discriminate vegetation biomass, chlorophyll concentration, and leaf water content. The thematic mapper and SPOT bands were superior in a spectral resolution context to the other three sensor systems for vegetational applications. Significant improvements are expected for vegetational analyses from Landsat-D thematic mapper and SPOT imagery over MSS and RBV imagery.

SkyMapper Southern Survey: First Data Release (DR1)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wolf, Christian; Onken, Christopher A.; Luvaul, Lance C.; Schmidt, Brian P.; Bessell, Michael S.; Chang, Seo-Won; Da Costa, Gary S.; Mackey, Dougal; Martin-Jones, Tony; Murphy, Simon J.; Preston, Tim; Scalzo, Richard A.; Shao, Li; Smillie, Jon; Tisserand, Patrick; White, Marc C.; Yuan, Fang

2018-02-01

We present the first data release of the SkyMapper Southern Survey, a hemispheric survey carried out with the SkyMapper Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory in Australia. Here, we present the survey strategy, data processing, catalogue construction, and database schema. The first data release dataset includes over 66 000 images from the Shallow Survey component, covering an area of 17 200 deg2 in all six SkyMapper passbands uvgriz, while the full area covered by any passband exceeds 20 000 deg2. The catalogues contain over 285 million unique astrophysical objects, complete to roughly 18 mag in all bands. We compare our griz point-source photometry with Pan-STARRS1 first data release and note an RMS scatter of 2%. The internal reproducibility of SkyMapper photometry is on the order of 1%. Astrometric precision is better than 0.2 arcsec based on comparison with Gaia first data release. We describe the end-user database, through which data are presented to the world community, and provide some illustrative science queries.

Software used with the flux mapper at the solar parabolic dish test site

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miyazono, C.

1984-01-01

Software for data archiving and data display was developed for use on a Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-11/34A minicomputer for use with the JPL-designed flux mapper. The flux mapper is a two-dimensional, high radiant energy scanning device designed to measure radiant flux energies expected at the focal point of solar parabolic dish concentrators. Interfacing to the DEC equipment was accomplished by standard RS-232C serial lines. The design of the software was dicated by design constraints of the flux-mapper controller. Early attemps at data acquisition from the flux-mapper controller were not without difficulty. Time and personnel limitations result in an alternative method of data recording at the test site with subsequent analysis accomplished at a data evaluation location at some later time. Software for plotting was also written to better visualize the flux patterns. Recommendations for future alternative development are discussed. A listing of the programs used in the anaysis is included in an appendix.

HomozygosityMapper2012--bridging the gap between homozygosity mapping and deep sequencing.

PubMed

Seelow, Dominik; Schuelke, Markus

2012-07-01

Homozygosity mapping is a common method to map recessive traits in consanguineous families. To facilitate these analyses, we have developed HomozygosityMapper, a web-based approach to homozygosity mapping. HomozygosityMapper allows researchers to directly upload the genotype files produced by the major genotyping platforms as well as deep sequencing data. It detects stretches of homozygosity shared by the affected individuals and displays them graphically. Users can interactively inspect the underlying genotypes, manually refine these regions and eventually submit them to our candidate gene search engine GeneDistiller to identify the most promising candidate genes. Here, we present the new version of HomozygosityMapper. The most striking new feature is the support of Next Generation Sequencing *.vcf files as input. Upon users' requests, we have implemented the analysis of common experimental rodents as well as of important farm animals. Furthermore, we have extended the options for single families and loss of heterozygosity studies. Another new feature is the export of *.bed files for targeted enrichment of the potential disease regions for deep sequencing strategies. HomozygosityMapper also generates files for conventional linkage analyses which are already restricted to the possible disease regions, hence superseding CPU-intensive genome-wide analyses. HomozygosityMapper is freely available at http://www.homozygositymapper.org/.

Optimizing Performance of a Microwave Salinity Mapper: STARRS L-Band Radiometer Enhancements

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-05-04

Contribution Number NRL/JA/ setts at Amherst, along with Quadrant Engineering Inc. 7330-05-5313. (now ProSensing Inc.) and funding from the National...Thus, sampling schemes development of STARRS by Quadrant Engineering can be optimized for particular applications. STARRS began under Naval Research...performance to be optimized. As we show later, a draw- ture, computed as the mean temperature from four back of this approach not found in analog

Disparity Implications of the Medicare MTM Eligibility Criteria: A Literature Review

PubMed Central

Munshi, Kiraat D.; Shih, Ya-Chen Tina; Brown, Lawrence M.; Dagogo-Jack, Samuel; Wan, Jim Y.; Wang, Junling

2013-01-01

Summary The emphasis on eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in health care has received national attention, with various policy initiatives addressing this problem and proposing solutions. However, in the current economic era requiring tight monetary constraints, emphasis is increasingly being placed on economic efficiency, which often conflicts with the equality doctrine upon which many policies have been framed. Our review aims to highlight the disparity implications of one such policy provision—the predominantly utilization-based eligibility criteria for medication therapy management (MTM) services under Medicare Part D—by identifying studies that have documented racial and ethnic disparities in health status and the use of and spending on prescription medications. Future design and evaluation of various regulations and legislations employing utilization-based eligibility criteria must use caution in order to strike an equity-efficiency balance. PMID:23570431

Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Vallis Region, Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mest, S. C.; Crown, D. A.

2009-01-01

Geologic mapping of MTM -30247, -35247, and -40247 quadrangles is being used to characterize Reull Vallis (RV) and to determine the history of the eastern Hellas region of Mars. Studies of RV examine the roles and timing of volatile-driven erosional and depositional processes and provide constraints on potential associated climatic changes. This study complements earlier investigations of the eastern Hellas region, including regional analyses [1-6], mapping studies of circum-Hellas canyons [7-10], and volcanic studies of Hadriaca and Tyrrhena Paterae [11-13]. Key scientific objectives include 1) characterizing RV in its "fluvial zone," 2) analysis of channels in the surrounding plains and potential connections to and interactions with RV, 3) examining young, presumably sedimentary plains along RV, and 4) determining the nature of the connection between the segments of RV.

Medication therapy management and complex patients with disability: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Chrischilles, Elizabeth A; Doucette, William; Farris, Karen; Lindgren, Scott; Gryzlak, Brian; Rubenstein, Linda; Youland, Kelly; Wallace, Robert B

2014-02-01

Drug therapy problems, adverse drug events (ADEs), and symptom burden are high among adults with disabilities. To compare the effects of a modified medication therapy management (MTM) program within a self-efficacy workshop versus the workshop alone or usual care on symptom burden among adults with activity limitations. Three-group randomized controlled trial among adults (age 40 and older) with self-reported activity limitations in community practice. 8 weekly Living Well With a Disability (LWD) 2-hour workshop sessions with and without a collaborative medication management (CMM) module. mean number of moderate to very severe symptoms from a list of 11 physical and mental symptoms. Process measures: changes in medication regimens and self-reported ADEs. general linear mixed models (continuous outcomes) and generalized estimating equations (categorical outcomes). Participants had high symptom burden, low physical health, and took many medications. There was a significant increase in ADE reporting in the LWD + CMM group relative to the other 2 groups (Study group × Time P = .014), and there were significantly more changes in medication regimens in the LWD + CMM group (P = .013 LWD only vs LWD + CMM). The oldest third of participants had significantly fewer mean symptoms but received more intense CMM. There was no difference between the LWD-only, LWD + CMM, and usual care groups in symptom burden over time. Pharmacist MTM practices and MTM guidelines may need to be modified to affect symptom burden in a population with physical activity limitations.

Patient-centered health care using pharmacist-delivered medication therapy management in rural Mississippi.

PubMed

Ross, Leigh Ann; Bloodworth, Lauren S

2012-01-01

To describe and provide preliminary clinical and economic outcomes from a pharmacist-delivered patient-centered health care (PCHC) model implemented in the Mississippi Delta. Mississippi between July 2008 and June 2010. 13 community pharmacies in nine Mississippi Delta counties. This PCHC model implements a comprehensive medication therapy management (MTM) program with pharmacist training, individualized patient encounters and group education, provider outreach, integration of pharmacists into health information technology, and on-site support in community pharmacies in a medically underserved region with a large burden of chronic disease and health disparities. The program also expands on traditional MTM services through initiatives in health literacy/cultural competency and efforts to increase the provider network and improve access to care. Criteria-based clinical outcomes, quality indicator reports, cost avoidance. PCHC services have been implemented in 13 pharmacies in nine counties in this underserved region, and 78 pharmacists and 177 students have completed the American Pharmacists Association's MTM Certificate Training Program. Preliminary data from 468 patients showed 681 encounters in which 1,471 drug therapy problems were identified and resolved. Preliminary data for clinical indicators and economic outcome measures are trending in a positive direction. Preliminary data analyses suggest that pharmacist-provided PCHC is beneficial and has the potential to be replicated in similar rural communities that are plagued with chronic disease and traditional primary care provider shortages. This effort aligns with national priorities to reduce medication errors, improve health outcomes, and reduce health care costs in underserved communities.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibition restores Ca2+ release defects and prolongs survival in myotubularin-deficient mice

PubMed Central

Kutchukian, Candice; Lo Scrudato, Mirella; Tourneur, Yves; Poulard, Karine; Vignaud, Alban; Berthier, Christine; Allard, Bruno; Lawlor, Michael W.; Buj-Bello, Ana; Jacquemond, Vincent

2016-01-01

Mutations in the gene encoding the phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase myotubularin (MTM1) are responsible for a pediatric disease of skeletal muscle named myotubular myopathy (XLMTM). Muscle fibers from MTM1-deficient mice present defects in excitation–contraction (EC) coupling likely responsible for the disease-associated fatal muscle weakness. However, the mechanism leading to EC coupling failure remains unclear. During normal skeletal muscle EC coupling, transverse (t) tubule depolarization triggers sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor channels gated by conformational coupling with the t-tubule voltage-sensing dihydropyridine receptors. We report that MTM1 deficiency is associated with a 60% depression of global SR Ca2+ release over the full range of voltage sensitivity of EC coupling. SR Ca2+ release in the diseased fibers is also slower than in normal fibers, or delayed following voltage activation, consistent with the contribution of Ca2+-gated ryanodine receptors to EC coupling. In addition, we found that SR Ca2+ release is spatially heterogeneous within myotubularin-deficient muscle fibers, with focally defective areas recapitulating the global alterations. Importantly, we found that pharmacological inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns 3-kinase) activity rescues the Ca2+ release defects in isolated muscle fibers and increases the lifespan and mobility of XLMTM mice, providing proof of concept for the use of PtdIns 3-kinase inhibitors in myotubular myopathy and suggesting that unbalanced PtdIns 3-kinase activity plays a critical role in the pathological process. PMID:27911767

Monitoring Colima Volcano, Mexico, using satellite data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abrams, Michael; Glaze, Lori; Sheridan, Michael

1991-01-01

The Colima Volcanic Complex at the western end of the Mexican Volcanic Belt is the most active andesitic volcano in Mexico. Short-wavelength infrared data from the Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite were used to determine the temperature and fractional area of radiant picture elements for two January data acquisitions in 1985 and 1986. The 1986 data showed four 28.5 m by 28.5 m pixels (picture elements) whose hot subpixel components had temperatures ranging from 511-774 C and areas of 1.8-13 sq m. The 1985 data had no radiating areas above background temperatures. Ground observations and measurements in November 1985 and February 1986 reported the presence of hot fumaroles at the summit with temperatures of 135-895 C. This study demonstrates the utility of satellite data for monitoring volcanic activity.

MAPPER: A personal computer map projection tool

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bailey, Steven A.

1993-01-01

MAPPER is a set of software tools designed to let users create and manipulate map projections on a personal computer (PC). The capability exists to generate five popular map projections. These include azimuthal, cylindrical, mercator, lambert, and sinusoidal projections. Data for projections are contained in five coordinate databases at various resolutions. MAPPER is managed by a system of pull-down windows. This interface allows the user to intuitively create, view and export maps to other platforms.

MetalMapper Demonstration at the Former Camp Beale, CA

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

2012 2 . REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE MetalMapper Demonstration at the Former Camp Beale, CA 5a...SUMMARY REPORT MetalMapper Demonstration at the Former Camp Beale, CA March 2012 Herb Nelson Anne Andrews SERDP & ESTCP...advanced electromagnetic sensor was demonstrated at the former Camp Beale, CA in 2011. Camp Beale was also the site of the first demonstrations of

Validation of the Thematic Mapper radiometric and geometric correction algorithms

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fischel, D.

1984-01-01

The radiometric and geometric correction algorithms for Thematic Mapper are critical to subsequent successful information extraction. Earlier Landsat scanners, known as Multispectral Scanners, produce imagery which exhibits striping due to mismatching of detector gains and biases. Thematic Mapper exhibits the same phenomenon at three levels: detector-to-detector, scan-to-scan, and multiscan striping. The cause of these variations has been traced to variations in the dark current of the detectors. An alternative formulation has been tested and shown to be very satisfactory. Unfortunately, the Thematic Mapper detectors exhibit saturation effects suffered while viewing extensive cloud areas, and is not easily correctable. The geometric correction algorithm has been shown to be remarkably reliable. Only minor and modest improvements are indicated and shown to be effective.

A high-performance gradient insert for rapid and short-T2 imaging at full duty cycle.

PubMed

Weiger, Markus; Overweg, Johan; Rösler, Manuela Barbara; Froidevaux, Romain; Hennel, Franciszek; Wilm, Bertram Jakob; Penn, Alexander; Sturzenegger, Urs; Schuth, Wout; Mathlener, Menno; Borgo, Martino; Börnert, Peter; Leussler, Christoph; Luechinger, Roger; Dietrich, Benjamin Emanuel; Reber, Jonas; Brunner, David Otto; Schmid, Thomas; Vionnet, Laetitia; Pruessmann, Klaas P

2018-06-01

The goal of this study was to devise a gradient system for MRI in humans that reconciles cutting-edge gradient strength with rapid switching and brings up the duty cycle to 100% at full continuous amplitude. Aiming to advance neuroimaging and short-T 2 techniques, the hardware design focused on the head and the extremities as target anatomies. A boundary element method with minimization of power dissipation and stored magnetic energy was used to design anatomy-targeted gradient coils with maximally relaxed geometry constraints. The design relies on hollow conductors for high-performance cooling and split coils to enable dual-mode gradient amplifier operation. With this approach, strength and slew rate specifications of either 100 mT/m with 1200 mT/m/ms or 200 mT/m with 600 mT/m/ms were reached at 100% duty cycle, assuming a standard gradient amplifier and cooling unit. After manufacturing, the specified values for maximum gradient strength, maximum switching rate, and field geometry were verified experimentally. In temperature measurements, maximum local values of 63°C were observed, confirming that the device can be operated continuously at full amplitude. Testing for peripheral nerve stimulation showed nearly unrestricted applicability in humans at full gradient performance. In measurements of acoustic noise, a maximum average sound pressure level of 132 dB(A) was determined. In vivo capability was demonstrated by head and knee imaging. Full gradient performance was employed with echo planar and zero echo time readouts. Combining extreme gradient strength and switching speed without duty cycle limitations, the described system offers unprecedented options for rapid and short-T 2 imaging. Magn Reson Med 79:3256-3266, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

Multiattribute probabilistic prostate elastic registration (MAPPER): Application to fusion of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sparks, Rachel, E-mail: rachel.sparks@ucl.ac.uk; Barratt, Dean; Nicolas Bloch, B.

2015-03-15

Purpose: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided needle biopsy is the current gold standard for prostate cancer diagnosis. However, up to 40% of prostate cancer lesions appears isoechoic on TRUS. Hence, TRUS-guided biopsy has a high false negative rate for prostate cancer diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is better able to distinguish prostate cancer from benign tissue. However, MRI-guided biopsy requires special equipment and training and a longer procedure time. MRI-TRUS fusion, where MRI is acquired preoperatively and then aligned to TRUS, allows for advantages of both modalities to be leveraged during biopsy. MRI-TRUS-guided biopsy increases the yield of cancer positive biopsies. Inmore » this work, the authors present multiattribute probabilistic postate elastic registration (MAPPER) to align prostate MRI and TRUS imagery. Methods: MAPPER involves (1) segmenting the prostate on MRI, (2) calculating a multiattribute probabilistic map of prostate location on TRUS, and (3) maximizing overlap between the prostate segmentation on MRI and the multiattribute probabilistic map on TRUS, thereby driving registration of MRI onto TRUS. MAPPER represents a significant advancement over the current state-of-the-art as it requires no user interaction during the biopsy procedure by leveraging texture and spatial information to determine the prostate location on TRUS. Although MAPPER requires manual interaction to segment the prostate on MRI, this step is performed prior to biopsy and will not substantially increase biopsy procedure time. Results: MAPPER was evaluated on 13 patient studies from two independent datasets—Dataset 1 has 6 studies acquired with a side-firing TRUS probe and a 1.5 T pelvic phased-array coil MRI; Dataset 2 has 7 studies acquired with a volumetric end-firing TRUS probe and a 3.0 T endorectal coil MRI. MAPPER has a root-mean-square error (RMSE) for expert selected fiducials of 3.36 ± 1.10 mm for Dataset 1 and 3.14 ± 0.75 mm for Dataset 2. State-of-the-art MRI-TRUS fusion methods report RMSE of 3.06–2.07 mm. Conclusions: MAPPER aligns MRI and TRUS imagery without manual intervention ensuring efficient, reproducible registration. MAPPER has a similar RMSE to state-of-the-art methods that require manual intervention.« less

CosmoQuest MoonMappers: Citizen Lunar Exploration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gay, P. L.; Antonenko, I.; Robbins, S. J.; Bracey, G.; Lehan, C.; Moore, J.; Huang, D.

2012-09-01

The MoonMappers citizen science project is part of CosmoQuest, a virtual research facility designed for the public. CosmoQuest seeks to take the best aspects of a research center - research, seminars, journal clubs, and community discussions - and provide them to a community of citizen scientists through a virtual facility. MoonMappers was the first citizen science project within CosmoQuest, and is being used to define best practices in getting the public to effectively learn and do science.

Methane emissions from a landfill in north-east India: Performance of various landfill gas emission models.

PubMed

Gollapalli, Muralidhar; Kota, Sri Harsha

2018-03-01

Rapid urbanization and economic growth has led to significant increase in municipal solid waste generation in India during the last few decades and its management has become a major issue because of poor waste management practices. Solid waste generated is deposited into open dumping sites with hardly any segregation and processing. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) are the major greenhouse gases that are released from the landfill sites due to the biodegradation of organic matter. In this present study, CH 4 and CO 2 emissions from a landfill in north-east India are estimated using a flux chamber during September, 2015 to August, 2016. The average emission rates of CH 4 and CO 2 are 68 and 92 mg/min/m 2 , respectively. The emissions are highest in the summer whilst being lowest in winter. The diurnal variation of emissions indicated that the emissions follow a trend similar to temperature in all the seasons. Correlation coefficients of CH 4 and temperature in summer, monsoon and winter are 0.99, 0.87 and 0.97, respectively. The measured CH 4 in this study is in the range of other studies around the world. Modified Triangular Method (MTM), IPCC model and the USEPA Landfill gas emissions model (LandGEM) were used to predict the CH 4 emissions during the study year. The consequent simulation results indicate that the MTM, LandGEM-Clean Air Act, LandGEM-Inventory and IPCC models predict 1.9, 3.3, 1.6 and 1.4 times of the measured CH 4 emission flux in this study. Assuming that this higher prediction of CH 4 levels observed in this study holds well for other landfills in this region, a new CH 4 emission inventory (Units: Tonnes/year), with a resolution of 0.1 0  × 0.1 0 has been developed. This study stresses the importance of biodegradable composition of waste and meteorology, and also points out the drawbacks of the widely used landfill emission models. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Moon Mapper Looks Homeward

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-08-03

NASA Moon Minerology Mapper, a guest instrument onboard the Indian Space Research Organization Chandrayaan-1 mission to the moon, looks homeward. Australia is visible in the lower center of the image.

Using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor to detect change in land surface temperature in relation to land use change in Yazd, Iran

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zareie, Sajad; Khosravi, Hassan; Nasiri, Abouzar; Dastorani, Mostafa

2016-11-01

Land surface temperature (LST) is one of the key parameters in the physics of land surface processes from local to global scales, and it is one of the indicators of environmental quality. Evaluation of the surface temperature distribution and its relation to existing land use types are very important to the investigation of the urban microclimate. In arid and semi-arid regions, understanding the role of land use changes in the formation of urban heat islands is necessary for urban planning to control or reduce surface temperature. The internal factors and environmental conditions of Yazd city have important roles in the formation of special thermal conditions in Iran. In this paper, we used the temperature-emissivity separation (TES) algorithm for LST retrieving from the TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) data of the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM). The root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used for validation of retrieved LST values. The RMSE of 0.9 and 0.87 °C and R2 of 0.98 and 0.99 were obtained for the 1998 and 2009 images, respectively. Land use types for the city of Yazd were identified and relationships between land use types, land surface temperature and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were analyzed. The Kappa coefficient and overall accuracy were calculated for accuracy assessment of land use classification. The Kappa coefficient values are 0.96 and 0.95 and the overall accuracy values are 0.97 and 0.95 for the 1998 and 2009 classified images, respectively. The results showed an increase of 1.45 °C in the average surface temperature. The results of this study showed that optical and thermal remote sensing methodologies can be used to research urban environmental parameters. Finally, it was found that special thermal conditions in Yazd were formed by land use changes. Increasing the area of asphalt roads, residential, commercial and industrial land use types and decreasing the area of the parks, green spaces and fallow lands in Yazd caused a rise in surface temperature during the 11-year period.

Automation of temperature control for large-array microwave surface applicators.

PubMed

Zhou, L; Fessenden, P

1993-01-01

An adaptive temperature control system has been developed for the microstrip antenna array applicators used for large area superficial hyperthermia. A recursive algorithm which allows rapid power updating even for large antenna arrays and accounts for coupling between neighbouring antennas has been developed, based on a first-order difference equation model. Surface temperatures from the centre of each antenna element are the primary feedback information. Also used are temperatures from additional surface probes placed within the treatment field to protect locations vulnerable to excessive temperatures. In addition, temperatures at depth are observed by mappers and utilized to restrain power to reduce treatment-related complications. Experiments on a tissue-equivalent phantom capable of dynamic differential cooling have successfully verified this temperature control system. The results with the 25 (5 x 5) antenna array have demonstrated that during dynamic water cooling changes and other experimentally simulated disturbances, the controlled temperatures converge to desired temperature patterns with a precision close to the resolution of the thermometry system (0.1 degree C).

Estuary Data Mapper (EDM)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Estuary Data Mapper is a tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for any of the approximately 2,000 estuaries and associated watersheds in along the five US coastal regions

An evaluation of the first four LANDSAT-D thematic mapper reflective sensors for monitoring vegetation: A comparison with other satellite sensor systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tucker, C. J.

1978-01-01

The first four LANDSAT-D thematic mapper sensors were evaluated and compared to: the return beam vidicon (RBV) and multispectral scanners (MSS) sensors from LANDSATS 1, 2, and 3; Colvocoresses' proposed 'operational LANDSAT' three band system; and the French SPOT three band system using simulation/intergration techniques and in situ collected spectral reflectance data. Sensors were evaluated by their ability to discriminate vegetation biomass, chlorophyll concentration, and leaf water content. The thematic mapper and SPOT bands were found to be superior in a spectral resolution context to the other three sensor systems for vegetational applications. Significant improvements are expected for most vegetational analyses from LANDSAT-D thematic mapper and SPOT imagery over MSS and RBV imagery.

Mapping surface energy balance components by combining Landsat Thematic Mapper and ground-based meteorological data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Moran, M. Susan; Jackson, Ray D.; Raymond, Lee H.; Gay, Lloyd W.; Slater, Philip N.

1989-01-01

Surface energy balance components were evaluated by combining satellite-based spectral data with on-site measurements of solar irradiance, air temperature, wind speed, and vapor pressure. Maps of latent heat flux density and net radiant flux density were produced using Landsat TM data for three dates. The TM-based estimates differed from Bowen-ratio and aircraft-based estimates by less than 12 percent over mature fields of cotton, wheat, and alfalfa.

Synthetic Stellar Photometry - II. Testing the bolometric flux scale and tables of bolometric corrections for the Hipparcos/Tycho, Pan-STARRS1, SkyMapper, and JWST systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Casagrande, L.; VandenBerg, Don A.

2018-04-01

We use MARCS model atmosphere fluxes to compute synthetic colours, bolometric corrections and reddening coefficients for the Hipparcos/Tycho, Pan-STARRS1, SkyMapper, and JWST systems. Tables and interpolation subroutines are provided to transform isochrones from the theoretical to various observational planes, to derive bolometric corrections, synthetic colours and colour-temperature relations at nearly any given point of the HR diagram for 2600 K ≤ Teff ≤ 8000 K, and different values of reddening in 85 photometric filters. We use absolute spectrophotometry from the CALSPEC library to show that bolometric fluxes can be recovered to ˜2 per cent from bolometric corrections in a single band, when input stellar parameters are well known for FG dwarfs at various metallicities. This sole source of uncertainty impacts interferometric Teff to ≃0.5 per cent (or 30 K at the solar temperature). Uncertainties are halved when combining bolometric corrections in more bands, and limited by the fundamental uncertainty of the current absolute flux scale at 1 per cent. Stars in the RAVE DR5 catalogue are used to validate the quality of our MARCS synthetic photometry in selected filters across the optical and infrared range. This investigation shows that extant MARCS synthetic fluxes are able to reproduce the main features observed in stellar populations across the Galactic disc.

Use of thematic mapper imagery to assess water quality, trophic state, and macrophyte distributions in Massachusetts lakes

USGS Publications Warehouse

Waldron, Marcus C.; Steeves, Peter A.; Finn, John T.

2001-01-01

During the spring and summer of 1996, 1997, and 1998, measurements of phytoplankton- chlorophyll concentration, Secchi disk transparency, and color were made at 97 Massachusetts lakes within 24 hours of Landsat Thematic Mapper imaging of the lakes in an effort to assess water quality and trophic state. Spatial distributions of floating, emergent, and submerged macrophytes were mapped in 49 of the lakes at least once during the 3-year period. The maps were digitized and used to assign pixels in the thematic mapper images to one of four vegetation cover classes-open water, 1-50 percent floating-and-emergent-vegetation cover, 51-100 percent floating-and-emergent-vegetation cover, and submerged vegetation at any density. The field data were collected by teams of U.S. Geological Survey and Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management staff and by 76 volunteers. Side-by-side sampling by U.S. Geological Survey and volunteer field teams resulted in statistically similar chlorophyll determinations, Secchi disk readings, and temperature measurements, but concurrent color determinations were not similar, possibly due to contamination of sample bottles issued to the volunteers.Attempts to develop predictive relations between phytoplankton-chlorophyll concentration, Secchi disk transparency, lake color, dissolved organic carbon, and various combinations of thematic mapper bands 1, 2, 3, and 4 digital numbers were unsuccessful, primarily because of the extremely low concentrations of chlorophyll in the lakes studied, and also because of the highly variable dissolved organic carbon concentrations.Predictive relations were developed between Secchi disk transparency and phytoplankton-chlorophyll concentration, and between color and dissolved organic carbon concentration. Phytoplankton-chlorophyll concentration was inversely correlated with Secchi disk transparency during all three sampling periods. The relations were very similar in 1996 and 1997 and indicated that 62 to 67 percent of the variability in Secchi disk transparency could be explained by the chlorophyll concentration. Analysis of color and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in water samples collected by U.S. Geological Survey field teams in 1996-98 indicated that 91 percent of the variance in color in Massachusetts lakes can be explained by variations in dissolved organic carbon.Areas of open-water, submerged vegetation, and two surface-vegetation-cover classes predicted from Thematic Mapper images acquired in the summer of 1996 closely matched the areas observed in a set of field observations. However, the same analysis applied to a set of data acquired in the summer of 1997 resulted in somewhat less reliable predictions, and an attempt to predict 1996 vegetation-cover areas using the relations developed in the 1997 analysis was unsuccessful.

About Estuary Data Mapper (EDM)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Estuary Data Mapper is a tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for any of the approximately 2,000 estuaries and associated watersheds in along the five US coastal regions.

Geometric error characterization and error budgets. [thematic mapper

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beyer, E.

1982-01-01

Procedures used in characterizing geometric error sources for a spaceborne imaging system are described using the LANDSAT D thematic mapper ground segment processing as the prototype. Software was tested through simulation and is undergoing tests with the operational hardware as part of the prelaunch system evaluation. Geometric accuracy specifications, geometric correction, and control point processing are discussed. Cross track and along track errors are tabulated for the thematic mapper, the spacecraft, and ground processing to show the temporal registration error budget in pixel (42.5 microrad) 90%.

Integration of remote blood glucose meter upload technology into a clinical pharmacist medication therapy management service.

PubMed

Schenk, Robert J; Schenk, Jenna

2011-01-01

A pharmacist-delivered, outpatient-focused medication therapy management (MTM) program is using a remote blood glucose (BG) meter upload device to provide better care and to improve outcomes for its patients with diabetes. Sharing uploaded BG meter data, presented in easily comprehensible graphs and charts, enables patients, caregivers, and the medical team to better understand how the patients' diabetes care is progressing. Pharmacists are becoming increasingly more active in helping to manage patients' complex medication regimens in an effort to help detect and avoid medication-related problems. Working together with patients and their physicians as part of an interdisciplinary health care team, pharmacists are helping to improve medication outcomes. This article focuses on two case studies highlighting the Diabetes Monitoring Program, one component of the Meridian Pharmacology Institute MTM service, and discusses the clinical application of a unique BG meter upload device. © 2010 Diabetes Technology Society.

Trajectory-based morphological operators: a model for efficient image processing.

PubMed

Jimeno-Morenilla, Antonio; Pujol, Francisco A; Molina-Carmona, Rafael; Sánchez-Romero, José L; Pujol, Mar

2014-01-01

Mathematical morphology has been an area of intensive research over the last few years. Although many remarkable advances have been achieved throughout these years, there is still a great interest in accelerating morphological operations in order for them to be implemented in real-time systems. In this work, we present a new model for computing mathematical morphology operations, the so-called morphological trajectory model (MTM), in which a morphological filter will be divided into a sequence of basic operations. Then, a trajectory-based morphological operation (such as dilation, and erosion) is defined as the set of points resulting from the ordered application of the instant basic operations. The MTM approach allows working with different structuring elements, such as disks, and from the experiments, it can be extracted that our method is independent of the structuring element size and can be easily applied to industrial systems and high-resolution images.

High-order rogue wave solutions of the classical massive Thirring model equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Lijuan; Wang, Lihong; Cheng, Yi; He, Jingsong

2017-11-01

The nth-order solutions of the classical massive Thirring model (MTM) equations are derived by using the n-fold Darboux transformation. These solutions are expressed by the ratios of the two determinants consisted of 2n eigenfunctions under the reduction conditions. Using this method, rogue waves are constructed explicitly up to the third-order. Three patterns, i.e., fundamental, triangular and circular patterns, of the rogue waves are discussed. The parameter μ in the MTM model plays the role of the mass in the relativistic field theory while in optics it is related to the medium periodic constant, which also results in a significant rotation and a remarkable lengthening of the first-order rogue wave. These results provide new opportunities to observe rouge waves by using a combination of electromagnetically induced transparency and the Bragg scattering four-wave mixing because of large amplitudes.

Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Vallis Region of Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mest, S. C.; Crown, D. A.

2008-01-01

Geologic mapping and stratigraphic analyses of MTM -30247, -35247, and -40247 quadrangles are being used to characterize the Reull Vallis (RV) system and to determine the history of the eastern Hellas region of Mars. Studies of RV examine the roles and timing of volatile-driven erosional and depositional processes and provide constraints on potential associated climatic changes. This study complements earlier investigations of the eastern Hellas region, including regional analyses [1-6], mapping studies of circum-Hellas canyons [7-10], and volcanic studies of Hadriaca and Tyrrhena Paterae [11-13]. Key scientific objectives for these quadrangles include 1) characterization of RV in its "fluvial zone," 2) analysis of channels in the surrounding plains and potential connections to and interactions with RV, 3) examination of young (?), presumably sedimentary plains along RV that embay the surrounding highlands, and 4) determination of the nature of the connection between segments 1 and 2 of RV.

Downloading and Installing Estuary Data Mapper (EDM)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Estuary Data Mapper is a tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for any of the approximately 2,000 estuaries and associated watersheds in along the five US coastal regions

Frequent Questions about Estuary Data Mapper (EDM)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Estuary Data Mapper is a tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for any of the approximately 2,000 estuaries and associated watersheds in along the five US coastal regions

Epithelial self-healing is recapitulated by a 3D biomimetic E-cadherin junction.

PubMed

Cohen, Daniel J; Gloerich, Martijn; Nelson, W James

2016-12-20

Epithelial monolayers undergo self-healing when wounded. During healing, cells collectively migrate into the wound site, and the converging tissue fronts collide and form a stable interface. To heal, migrating tissues must form cell-cell adhesions and reorganize from the front-rear polarity characteristic of cell migration to the apical-basal polarity of an epithelium. However, identifying the "stop signal" that induces colliding tissues to cease migrating and heal remains an open question. Epithelial cells form integrin-based adhesions to the basal extracellular matrix (ECM) and E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesions on the orthogonal, lateral surfaces between cells. Current biological tools have been unable to probe this multicellular 3D interface to determine the stop signal. We addressed this problem by developing a unique biointerface that mimicked the 3D organization of epithelial cell adhesions. This "minimal tissue mimic" (MTM) comprised a basal ECM substrate and a vertical surface coated with purified extracellular domain of E-cadherin, and was designed for collision with the healing edge of an epithelial monolayer. Three-dimensional imaging showed that adhesions formed between cells, and the E-cadherin-coated MTM resembled the morphology and dynamics of native epithelial cell-cell junctions and induced the same polarity transition that occurs during epithelial self-healing. These results indicate that E-cadherin presented in the proper 3D context constitutes a minimum essential stop signal to induce self-healing. That the Ecad:Fc MTM stably integrated into an epithelial tissue and reduced migration at the interface suggests that this biointerface is a complimentary approach to existing tissue-material interfaces.

Epithelial self-healing is recapitulated by a 3D biomimetic E-cadherin junction

PubMed Central

Cohen, Daniel J.; Gloerich, Martijn; Nelson, W. James

2016-01-01

Epithelial monolayers undergo self-healing when wounded. During healing, cells collectively migrate into the wound site, and the converging tissue fronts collide and form a stable interface. To heal, migrating tissues must form cell–cell adhesions and reorganize from the front-rear polarity characteristic of cell migration to the apical-basal polarity of an epithelium. However, identifying the "stop signal" that induces colliding tissues to cease migrating and heal remains an open question. Epithelial cells form integrin-based adhesions to the basal extracellular matrix (ECM) and E-cadherin–mediated cell–cell adhesions on the orthogonal, lateral surfaces between cells. Current biological tools have been unable to probe this multicellular 3D interface to determine the stop signal. We addressed this problem by developing a unique biointerface that mimicked the 3D organization of epithelial cell adhesions. This "minimal tissue mimic" (MTM) comprised a basal ECM substrate and a vertical surface coated with purified extracellular domain of E-cadherin, and was designed for collision with the healing edge of an epithelial monolayer. Three-dimensional imaging showed that adhesions formed between cells, and the E-cadherin-coated MTM resembled the morphology and dynamics of native epithelial cell–cell junctions and induced the same polarity transition that occurs during epithelial self-healing. These results indicate that E-cadherin presented in the proper 3D context constitutes a minimum essential stop signal to induce self-healing. That the Ecad:Fc MTM stably integrated into an epithelial tissue and reduced migration at the interface suggests that this biointerface is a complimentary approach to existing tissue–material interfaces. PMID:27930308

Cloning and characterization of an alternatively spliced gene in proximal Xq28 deleted in two patients with intersexual genitalia and myotubular myopathy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Laporte, J.; Hu, Ling-Jia; Kretz, C.

1997-05-01

We have identified a novel human gene that is entirely deleted in two boys with abnormal genital development and myotubular myopathy (MTM1). The gene, F18, is located in proximal Xq28, approximately 80 kb centromeric to the recently isolated MTM1 gene. Northern analysis of mRNA showed a ubiquitous pattern and suggested high levels of expression in skeletal muscle, brain, and heart. A transcript of 4.6 kb was detected in a range of tissues, and additional alternate forms of 3.8 and 2.6 kb were present in placenta and pancreas, respectively. The gene extends over 100 kb and is composed of at leastmore » seven exons, of which two are non-coding. Sequence analysis of a 4.6-kb cDNA contig revealed two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) that encode putative proteins of 701 and 424 amino acids, respectively. Two alternative spliced transcripts affecting the large open reading frame were identified that, together with the Northern blot results, suggest that distinct proteins are derived from the gene. No significant homology to other known proteins was detected, but segments of the first ORF encode polyglutamine tracts and proline-rich domains, which are frequently observed in DNA-binding proteins. The F18 gene is a strong candidate for being implicated in the intersexual genitalia present in the two MTM1-deleted patients. The gene also serves as a candidate for other disorders that map to proximal Xq28. 15 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.« less

Twenty-Five Years of Landsat Thermal Band Calibration

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barsi, Julia A.; Markham, Brian L.; Schoff, John R.; Hook, Simon J.; Raqueno, Nina G.

2010-01-01

Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper+ (ETM+), launched in April 1999, and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM), launched in 1984, both have a single thermal band. Both instruments thermal band calibrations have been updated previously: ETM+ in 2001 for a pre-launch calibration error and TM in 2007 for data acquired since the current era of vicarious calibration has been in place (1999). Vicarious calibration teams at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) have been working to validate the instrument calibration since 1999. Recent developments in their techniques and sites have expanded the temperature and temporal range of the validation. The new data indicate that the calibration of both instruments had errors: the ETM+ calibration contained a gain error of 5.8% since launch; the TM calibration contained a gain error of 5% and an additional offset error between 1997 and 1999. Both instruments required adjustments in their thermal calibration coefficients in order to correct for the errors. The new coefficients were calculated and added to the Landsat operational processing system in early 2010. With the corrections, both instruments are calibrated to within +/-0.7K.

NASA Moon Mineralogy Mapper

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-12-17

Different wavelengths of light provide new information about the Orientale Basin region of the moon in a composite image taken by NASA Moon Mineralogy Mapper, a guest instrument aboard the Indian Space Research Organization Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft.

Atmospheric modeling related to Thematic Mapper scan geometry. [atmospheric effects on satellite-borne photography of LANDSAT D

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malila, W. A.; Gleason, J. M.; Cicone, R. C.

1976-01-01

A simulation study was carried out to characterize atmospheric effects in LANDSAT-D Thematic Mapper data. In particular, the objective was to determine if any differences would result from using a linear vs. a conical scanning geometry. Insight also was gained about the overall effect of the atmosphere on Thematic Mapper signals, together with the effects of time of day. An added analysis was made of the geometric potential for direct specular reflections (sun glint). The ERIM multispectral system simulation model was used to compute inband Thematic Mapper radiances, taking into account sensor, atmospheric, and surface characteristics. Separate analyses were carried out for the thermal band and seven bands defined in the reflective spectral region. Reflective-region radiances were computed for 40 deg N, 0 deg, and 40 deg S latitudes; June, Mar., and Dec. days; and 9:30 and 11:00 AM solar times for both linear and conical scan modes. Also, accurate simulations of solar and viewing geometries throughout Thematic Mapper orbits were made. It is shown that the atmosphere plays an important role in determining Thematic Mapper radiances, with atmospheric path radiance being the major component of total radiances for short wavelengths and decreasing in importance as wavelength increases. Path radiance is shown to depend heavily on the direct radiation scattering angle and on haze content. Scan-angle-dependent variations were shown to be substantial, especially for the short-wavelength bands.

REMOTE SENSING AND MOUNTAINTOP MINING

EPA Science Inventory

Coal mining is Appalachia has undergone dramatic changes in the past decade. Modem mining practices know as Mountaintop Mining (MTM) and Valley Fills (VF) are at the center of an environmental and legal controversy that has spawned lawsuits and major environmental investigations....

Evaluation of 3M(TM) Scotchlite linear delineation system : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-09-01

Major construction projects present many hazards for drivers to negotiate. Detours, lane shifts and confusing curves : present unique challenges to all drivers. At night, the difficulties in negotiating these obstacles are amplified due to : reduced ...

Investigations of Volcanic and Volatile-Driven Processes Northeast of Hellas Basin, Mars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mest, S. C.; Crown, D. A.; Michalski, J.; Chuang, F. C.; Price Blount, K.; Bleamaster, L. F.

2018-06-01

We are mapping the geologic units and features in three MTM quadrangles northeast of Hellas basin at 1:1M scale. The area displays evidence for volcanism and widespread volatile-related modification of the surface.

White Sands Missile Range Non-Track Optics: Streamlining the Process of Conducting Business for Improved Customer Support

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

45 A. METHODOLOGY... 45 B. ANALYSIS .....................................................................................................46 C...digital airborne guidance section MFOM MLRS family of munitions MLRS Multiple Launch Rocket System MMW millimeter wave MT material test MTM

Geologic Map of the MTM -30262 and -30267 Quadrangles, Hadriaca Patera Region of Mars

USGS Publications Warehouse

Crown, David A.; Greeley, Ronald

2007-01-01

Introduction Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) -30262 and -30267 quadrangles cover the summit region and east margin of Hadriaca Patera, one of the Martian volcanoes designated highland paterae. MTM -30262 quadrangle includes volcanic deposits from Hadriaca Patera and Tyrrhena Patera (summit northeast of map area) and floor deposits associated with the Dao and Niger Valles canyon systems (south of map area). MTM -30267 quadrangle is centered on the caldera of Hadriaca Patera. The highland paterae are among the oldest, central-vent volcanoes on Mars and exhibit evidence for explosive eruptions, which make a detailed study of their geology an important component in understanding the evolution of Martian volcanism. Photogeologic mapping at 1:500,000-scale from analysis of Viking Orbiter images complements volcanological studies of Hadriaca Patera, geologic investigations of the other highland paterae, and an analysis of the styles and evolution of volcanic activity east of Hellas Planitia in the ancient, cratered highlands of Mars. This photogeologic study is an extension of regional geologic mapping east of Hellas Planitia. The Martian highland paterae are low-relief, areally extensive volcanoes exhibiting central calderas and radial channels and ridges. Four of these volcanoes, Hadriaca, Tyrrhena, Amphitrites, and Peneus Paterae, are located in the ancient cratered terrains surrounding Hellas Planitia and are thought to be located on inferred impact basin rings or related fractures. Based on analyses of Mariner 9 images, Potter (1976), Peterson (1977), and King (1978) suggested that the highland paterae were shield volcanoes formed by eruptions of fluid lavas. Later studies noted morphologic similarities between the paterae and terrestrial ash shields and the lack of primary lava flow features on the flanks of the volcanoes. The degraded appearances of Hadriaca and Tyrrhena Paterae and the apparently easily eroded materials composing their low, broad shields further suggest that the highland paterae are composed predominantly of pyroclastic deposits. Analyses of eruption and flow processes indicate that the distribution of units at Hadriaca and Tyrrhena Paterae is consistent with emplacement by gravity-driven pyroclastic flows. Detailed geologic study of the summit caldera and flanks of Hadriaca Patera is essential to determine the types of volcanic materials exposed, the nature of the processes forming these deposits, and the role of volcanism in the evolution of the cratered highlands that are characteristic of the southern hemisphere of Mars.

Soil and surface temperatures at the Viking landing sites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kieffer, H. H.

1976-01-01

The annual temperature range for the Martian surface at the Viking lander sites is computed on the basis of thermal parameters derived from observations made with the infrared thermal mappers. The Viking lander 1 (VL1) site has small annual variations in temperature, whereas the Viking lander 2 (VL2) site has large annual changes. With the Viking lander images used to estimate the rock component of the thermal emission, the daily temperature behavior of the soil alone is computed over the range of depths accessible to the lander; when the VL1 and VL2 sites were sampled, the daily temperature ranges at the top of the soil were 183 to 263 K and 183 to 268 K, respectively. The diurnal variation decreases with depth with an exponential scale of about 5 centimeters. The maximum temperature of the soil sampled from beneath rocks at the VL2 site is calculated to be 230 K. These temperature calculations should provide a reference for study of the active chemistry reported for the Martian soil.

Soil and surface temperatures at the viking landing sites.

PubMed

Kieffer, H H

1976-12-11

The annual temperature range for the martian surface at the Viking lander sites is computed on the basis of thermal parameters derived from observations made with the infrared thermal mappers. The Viking lander 1 (VL1) site has small annual variations in temperature, whereas the Viking lander 2 (VL2) site has large annual changes. With the Viking lander images used to estimate the rock component of the thermal emission, the daily temperature behavior of the soil alone is computed over the range of depths accessible to the lander; when the VL1 and VL2 sites were sampled, the daily temperature ranges at the top of the soil were 183 to 263 K and 183 to 268 K, respectively. The diurnal variation decreases with depth with an exponential scale of about 5 centimeters. The maximum temperature of the soil sampled from beneath rocks at the VL2 site is calculated to be 230 K. These temperature calculations should provide a reference for study of the active chemistry reported for the martian soil.

Multispectral scanner data applications evaluation. Volume 2: Sensor system study. [thematic mapper for earth resources application

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

The optimization of a thematic mapper for earth resources application is discussed in terms of cost versus performance. Performance tradeoffs and the cost impact are analyzed. The instrument design and radiometric performance are also described. The feasibility of a radiative cooler design for a scanning spectral radiometer is evaluated along with the charge coupled multiplex operation. Criteria for balancing the cost and complexity of data acquisition instruments against the requirements of the user, and a pushbroom scanner version of the thematic mapper are presented.

Monitoring Global Precipitation through UCI CHRS's RainMapper App on Mobile Devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nguyen, P.; Huynh, P.; Braithwaite, D.; Hsu, K. L.; Sorooshian, S.

2014-12-01

The Water and Development Information for Arid Lands-a Global Network (G-WADI) Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks—Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS) GeoServer has been developed through a collaboration between the Center for Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (CHRS) at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) and the UNESCO's International Hydrological Program (IHP). G-WADI PERSIANN-CCS GeoServer provides near real-time high resolution (0.04o, approx 4km) global (60oN - 60oS) satellite precipitation estimated by the PERSIANN-CCS algorithm developed by the scientists at CHRS. The G-WADI PERSIANN-CCS GeoServer utilizes the open-source MapServer software from the University of Minnesota to provide a user-friendly web-based mapping and visualization of satellite precipitation data. Recent efforts have been made by the scientists at CHRS to provide free on-the-go access to the PERSIANN-CCS precipitation data through an application named RainMapper for mobile devices. RainMapper provides visualization of global satellite precipitation of the most recent 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72-hour periods overlaid with various basemaps. RainMapper uses the Google maps application programing interface (API) and embedded global positioning system (GPS) access to better monitor the global precipitation data on mobile devices. Functionalities include using geographical searching with voice recognition technologies make it easy for the user to explore near real-time precipitation in a certain location. RainMapper also allows for conveniently sharing the precipitation information and visualizations with the public through social networks such as Facebook and Twitter. RainMapper is available for iOS and Android devices and can be downloaded (free) from the App Store and Google Play. The usefulness of RainMapper was demonstrated through an application in tracking the evolution of the recent Rammasun Typhoon over the Philippines in mid July 2014.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part G: Miscellaneous system data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Functional and design data from various thematic mapper subsystems are presented. Coarse focus, modulation transfer function, and shim requirements are addressed along with spectral matching and spatial coverage tests.

INPE LANDSAT-D thematic mapper computer compatible tape format specification

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parada, N. D. J. (Principal Investigator); Desouza, R. C. M.

1982-01-01

The format of the computer compatible tapes (CCT) which contain Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery data acquired from the LANDSAT D and D Prime satellites by the INSTITUTO DE PERSQUISAS ESPACIALS (CNPq-INPE/BRAZIL) is defined.

MyEnviroMapper

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EnviroMapper for Envirofacts is a single point of access to select U.S. EPA environmental data. This Web site provides access to several EPA databases to provide you with information about environmental activities that may affect air, water, and l

Thematic Mapper. Volume 1: Calibration report flight model, LANDSAT 5

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cooley, R. C.; Lansing, J. C.

1984-01-01

The calibration of the Flight 1 Model Thematic Mapper is discussed. Spectral response, scan profile, coherent noise, line spread profiles and white light leaks, square wave response, radiometric calibration, and commands and telemetry are specifically addressed.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 2, part C: Subsystem data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Reference lists are provided to acceptance data for each of the major subsystems of the thematic mapper. Configuration reports, lists and copies of all failure reports, and requests for deviation/waiver are included.

Utilization of remote sensing data on meteorological and vegetation characteristics for modeling water and heat regimes of large agricultural region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muzylev, Eugene; Startseva, Zoya; Uspensky, Alexander; Volkova, Elena

2016-04-01

Presently, physical-mathematical models such as SVAT (Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere-Transfer) developed with varying degrees of detail are one of the most effective tools to evaluate the characteristics of the water and heat regimes of vegetation covered territories. The produced SVAT model is designed to calculate the soil water content, evapotranspiration (evaporation from bare soil and transpiration), infiltration of water into the soil, vertical latent and sensible heat fluxes and other water and heat regime characteristics as well as vegetation and soil surface temperatures and the temperature and soil moisture distributions in depth. The model is adapted to satellite-derived estimates of precipitation, land surface temperatures and vegetation cover characteristics. The case study has been carried out for the located in the forest-steppe zone territory of part of the agricultural Central Black Earth Region of Russia with coordinates 49° 30'-54° N and 31° -43° E and area of 227 300 km2 for years 2011-2014 vegetation seasons. The soil and vegetation characteristics are used as the model parameters and the meteorological characteristics are considered to be input variables. These values have been obtained from ground-based observations and satellite-based measurements by radiometers AVHRR/NOAA, MODIS/EOS Terra and Aqua, SEVIRI/MSG-2,-3 (Meteosat-9, -10). To provide the retrieval of meteorological and vegetation cover characteristics the new and pre-existing methods and technologies of above radiometer thematic processing data have been developed or refined. From AVHRR data there have been derived estimates of precipitation P, efficient land surface temperature (LST) Ts.eff and emissivity E, surface-air temperature at a level of vegetation cover Ta, normalized difference vegetation index NDVI, leaf area index LAI and vegetation cover fraction B. The remote sensing products LST Tls, E, NDVI, LAI derived from MODIS data and covering the study area have been downloaded from LP DAAC web-site for the same vegetation seasons. The SEVIRI data have been used to retrieve P (every three hours and daily), Tls, E, Ta (at daylight and nighttime), LAI, and B (daily). All named technologies have been adapted to the territory of interest. To verify exactness of assessing AVHRR- and MODIS-based LST (Ts.eff, Ta and Tls) the error statistics of their derivation has been investigated for various samples using comparison with in-situ measurements during the all considered vegetation seasons. When developing the method to derive LST from the SEVIRI data its validation has been carried out through comparison of given Tls retrievals with independent collocated Tls estimates generated at LSA SAF (Lisbon, Portugal).The later check of SEVIRI-derived Tls and Ta estimates has been performed by their comparing with ground-based observation data. Correctness of LAI and B estimates has been confirmed when comparing time behavior of satellite- and ground-based LAI and B during each vegetation season. The all-important part of the study is to improve the developed Multi Threshold Method (MTM) intended for assessing daily and monthly rainfall from AVHRR and SEVIRI data, to check the correctness of carried out calculations for the considered territory and to develop procedures of utilizing obtained satellite-derived estimates of precipitation in the SVAT model. The MTM allows automatic pixel-by-pixel classifying AVHRR- and SEVIRI-measured data for the cloud detection, identification of its types, allocation of precipitation zones, and determination of instantaneous maximum intensities of precipitation in the pixel range around the clock throughout the year independently of land surface type. Measurement data from 5 AVHRR and 11 SEVIRI channels as well as their differences are used in the MTM as predictors. Calibration and verification of the MTM have been carried out using observation data on daily precipitation at agricultural meteorological stations of the region. In the frame of this approach the transition from the rainfall intensity estimation to the calculation of their daily sums has been fulfilled at that two variants of this calculation have been realized which focusing on climate researches and operational monitoring. Such transition has required verifying the accuracy of the estimates obtained in both variants at each time step. This verification has included comparison of area distributions of satellite-derived precipitation estimates and analogous estimates obtained by the interpolation of ground-based observation data. The probability of correct precipitation zone detection from satellite data when comparing with ground-based meteorological observations has amounted 75-85 %. In both variants of calculating precipitation for the region of interest in addition to the fields of daily rainfall the fields of their monthly and annual sums have been built. All three sums are consistent with each other and with a ground-based observation data although the satellite-derived estimates are more "smooth" in comparison with ground-based ones. Their discrepancies are in the range of the rainfall estimation errors using the MTM and they are peculiar to the local maxima for which satellite-derived rainfall is less than ground-measured values. This may be due to different scales of space-averaged satellite and point-wise ground-based estimates. To utilize satellite-derived estimates of meteorological and vegetation characteristics in the SVAT model the procedures of replacing the ground-based values of precipitation, LST, LAI and B by corresponding satellite-derived values have been developed taking into account spatial heterogeneity of their fields. The correctness of such replacement has been confirmed by the results of comparing the values of soil water content W and evapotranspiration Ev modeled and measured at agricultural meteorological stations. In particular, when the difference of precipitation sums for the vegetation season resulted from the model calculation in both above variants having been 20% the discrepancy between corresponding modeled values of W for the same period has not exceeded 8% and the discrepancy between values of E has been within 15%. Such discrepancies are within the limits of the standard W and Ev estimation errors. The final results of the SVAT model calculation utilizing satellite data are the fields of soil water content W, evapotranspiration Ev, vertical water and heat fluxes, land surface temperatures and other water and heat regime characteristics area-distributed over the territory of interest in their dynamics for the year 2011-2014 vegetation seasons. Discrepancies between Ev and W calculation results and observation data (~ 20-25 and 10-15%) have not exceeded the standard error of their estimation which corresponds to the adopted accuracy criteria of such estimates.

The rationale and suggested approaches for research geosynchronous satellite measurements for severe storm and mesoscale investigations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shenk, W. E.; Adler, R. F.; Chesters, D.; Susskind, J.; Uccellini, L.

1984-01-01

The measurements from current and planned geosynchronous satellites provide quantitative estimates of temperature and moisture profiles, surface temperature, wind, cloud properties, and precipitation. A number of significant observation characteristics remain, they include: (1) temperature and moisture profiles in cloudy areas; (2) high vertical profile resolution; (3) definitive precipitation area mapping and precipitation rate estimates on the convective cloud scale; (4) winds from low level cloud motions at night; (5) the determination of convective cloud structure; and (6) high resolution surface temperature determination. Four major new observing capabilities are proposed to overcome these deficiencies: a microwave sounder/imager, a high resolution visible and infrared imager, a high spectral resolution infrared sounder, and a total ozone mapper. It is suggested that the four sensors are flown together and used to support major mesoscale and short range forecasting field experiments.

An overview of the thematic mapper geometric correction system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Beyer, E. P.

1983-01-01

Geometric accuracy specifications for LANDSAT 4 are reviewed and the processing concepts which form the basis of NASA's thematic mapper geometric correction system are summarized for both the flight and ground segments. The flight segment includes the thematic mapper instrument, attitude measurement devices, attitude control, and ephemeris processing. For geometric correction the ground segment uses mirror scan correction data, payload correction data, and control point information to determine where TM detector samples fall on output map projection systems. Then the raw imagery is reformatted and resampled to produce image samples on a selected output projection grid system.

Evaluation of spatial, radiometric and spectral Thematic Mapper performance for coastal studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Klemas, V.; Ackleson, S. G.; Hardisky, M. A.

1985-01-01

On 31 March 1983, the University of Delaware's Center for Remote Sensing initiated a study to evaluate the spatial, radiometric and spectral performance of the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper for coastal and estuarine studies. The investigation was supported by Contract NAS5-27580 from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The research was divided into three major subprojects: (1) a comparison of LANDSAT TM to MSS imagery for detecting submerged aquatic vegetation in Chesapeake Bay; (2) remote sensing of submerged aquatic vegetation - a radiative transfer approach; and (3) remote sensing of coastal wetland biomass using Thematic Mapper wavebands.

Specificity control for read alignments using an artificial reference genome-guided false discovery rate.

PubMed

Giese, Sven H; Zickmann, Franziska; Renard, Bernhard Y

2014-01-01

Accurate estimation, comparison and evaluation of read mapping error rates is a crucial step in the processing of next-generation sequencing data, as further analysis steps and interpretation assume the correctness of the mapping results. Current approaches are either focused on sensitivity estimation and thereby disregard specificity or are based on read simulations. Although continuously improving, read simulations are still prone to introduce a bias into the mapping error quantitation and cannot capture all characteristics of an individual dataset. We introduce ARDEN (artificial reference driven estimation of false positives in next-generation sequencing data), a novel benchmark method that estimates error rates of read mappers based on real experimental reads, using an additionally generated artificial reference genome. It allows a dataset-specific computation of error rates and the construction of a receiver operating characteristic curve. Thereby, it can be used for optimization of parameters for read mappers, selection of read mappers for a specific problem or for filtering alignments based on quality estimation. The use of ARDEN is demonstrated in a general read mapper comparison, a parameter optimization for one read mapper and an application example in single-nucleotide polymorphism discovery with a significant reduction in the number of false positive identifications. The ARDEN source code is freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/arden/.

CisMapper: predicting regulatory interactions from transcription factor ChIP-seq data

PubMed Central

O'Connor, Timothy; Bodén, Mikael

2017-01-01

Abstract Identifying the genomic regions and regulatory factors that control the transcription of genes is an important, unsolved problem. The current method of choice predicts transcription factor (TF) binding sites using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq), and then links the binding sites to putative target genes solely on the basis of the genomic distance between them. Evidence from chromatin conformation capture experiments shows that this approach is inadequate due to long-distance regulation via chromatin looping. We present CisMapper, which predicts the regulatory targets of a TF using the correlation between a histone mark at the TF's bound sites and the expression of each gene across a panel of tissues. Using both chromatin conformation capture and differential expression data, we show that CisMapper is more accurate at predicting the target genes of a TF than the distance-based approaches currently used, and is particularly advantageous for predicting the long-range regulatory interactions typical of tissue-specific gene expression. CisMapper also predicts which TF binding sites regulate a given gene more accurately than using genomic distance. Unlike distance-based methods, CisMapper can predict which transcription start site of a gene is regulated by a particular binding site of the TF. PMID:28204599

PrimerMapper: high throughput primer design and graphical assembly for PCR and SNP detection

PubMed Central

O’Halloran, Damien M.

2016-01-01

Primer design represents a widely employed gambit in diverse molecular applications including PCR, sequencing, and probe hybridization. Variations of PCR, including primer walking, allele-specific PCR, and nested PCR provide specialized validation and detection protocols for molecular analyses that often require screening large numbers of DNA fragments. In these cases, automated sequence retrieval and processing become important features, and furthermore, a graphic that provides the user with a visual guide to the distribution of designed primers across targets is most helpful in quickly ascertaining primer coverage. To this end, I describe here, PrimerMapper, which provides a comprehensive graphical user interface that designs robust primers from any number of inputted sequences while providing the user with both, graphical maps of primer distribution for each inputted sequence, and also a global assembled map of all inputted sequences with designed primers. PrimerMapper also enables the visualization of graphical maps within a browser and allows the user to draw new primers directly onto the webpage. Other features of PrimerMapper include allele-specific design features for SNP genotyping, a remote BLAST window to NCBI databases, and remote sequence retrieval from GenBank and dbSNP. PrimerMapper is hosted at GitHub and freely available without restriction. PMID:26853558

Testing multi-theory model (MTM) in predicting initiation and sustenance of physical activity behavior among college students.

PubMed

Nahar, Vinayak K; Sharma, Manoj; Catalano, Hannah Priest; Ickes, Melinda J; Johnson, Paul; Ford, M Allison

2016-01-01

Most college students do not adequately participate in enough physical activity (PA) to attain health benefits. A theory-based approach is critical in developing effective interventions to promote PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the newly proposed multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change in predicting initiation and sustenance of PA among college students. Using a cross-sectional design, a valid and reliable survey was administered in October 2015 electronically to students enrolled at a large Southern US University. The internal consistency Cronbach alphas of the subscales were acceptable (0.65-0.92). Only those who did not engage in more than 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic PA during the past week were included in this study. Of the 495 respondents, 190 met the inclusion criteria of which 141 completed the survey. The majority of participants were females (72.3%) and Caucasians (70.9%). Findings of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed construct validity of subscales (initiation model: χ2 = 253.92 [df = 143], P < 0.001, CFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.07; sustenance model: χ2= 19.40 [df = 22], P < 0.001, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.00, SRMR = 0.03). Multivariate regression analysis showed that 26% of the variance in the PA initiation was explained by advantages outweighing disadvantages, behavioral confidence, work status, and changes in physical environment. Additionally, 29.7% of the variance in PA sustenance was explained by emotional transformation, practice for change, and changes in social environment. Based on this study's findings, MTM appears to be a robust theoretical framework for predicting PA behavior change. Future research directions and development of suitable intervention strategies are discussed.

High power long pulse microwave generation from a metamaterial structure with reverse symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, Xueying; Stephens, Jacob C.; Mastovsky, Ivan; Shapiro, Michael A.; Temkin, Richard J.

2018-02-01

Experimental operation of a high power microwave source with a metamaterial (MTM) structure is reported at power levels to 2.9 MW at 2.4 GHz in full 1 μs pulses. The MTM structure is formed by a waveguide that is below cutoff for TM modes. The waveguide is loaded by two axial copper plates machined with complementary split ring resonators, allowing two backward wave modes to propagate in the S-Band. A pulsed electron beam of up to 490 kV, 84 A travels down the center of the waveguide, midway between the plates. The electron beam is generated by a Pierce gun and is focused by a lens into a solenoidal magnetic field. The MTM plates are mechanically identical but are placed in the waveguide with reverse symmetry. Theory indicates that both Cherenkov and Cherenkov-cyclotron beam-wave interactions can occur. High power microwave generation was studied by varying the operating parameters over a wide range, including the electron beam voltage, the lens magnetic field, and the solenoidal field. Frequency tuning with a magnetic field and beam voltage was studied to discriminate between operation in the Cherenkov mode and the Cherenkov-cyclotron mode. Both modes were observed, but pulses above 1 MW of output power were only seen in the Cherenkov-cyclotron mode. A pair of steering coils was installed prior to the interaction space to initiate the cyclotron motion of the electron beam and thus encourage the Cherenkov-cyclotron high power mode. This successfully increased the output power from 2.5 MW to 2.9 MW (450 kV, 74 A, 9% efficiency).

Atmospheric particulate matter in proximity to mountaintop coal mines: Sources and potential environmental and human health impacts

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kurth, Laura; Kolker, Allan; Engle, Mark A.; Geboy, Nicholas J.; Hendryx, Michael; Orem, William H.; McCawley, Michael; Crosby, Lynn M.; Tatu, Calin A.; Varonka, Matthew S.; DeVera, Christina A.

2015-01-01

Mountaintop removal mining (MTM) is a widely used approach to surface coal mining in the US Appalachian region whereby large volumes of coal overburden are excavated using explosives, removed, and transferred to nearby drainages below MTM operations. To investigate the air quality impact of MTM, the geochemical characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from five surface mining sites in south central West Virginia, USA, and five in-state study control sites having only underground coal mining or no coal mining whatsoever were determined and compared. Epidemiologic studies show increased rates of cancer, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and overall mortality in Appalachian surface mining areas compared to Appalachian non-mining areas. In the present study, 24-h coarse (>2.5 µm) and fine (≤2.5 µm) PM samples were collected from two surface mining sites in June 2011 showed pronounced enrichment in elements having a crustal affinity (Ga, Al, Ge, Rb, La, Ce) contributed by local sources, relative to controls. Follow-up sampling in August 2011 lacked this enrichment, suggesting that PM input from local sources is intermittent. Using passive samplers, dry deposition total PM elemental fluxes calculated for three surface mining sites over multi-day intervals between May and August 2012 were 5.8 ± 1.5 times higher for crustal elements than at controls. Scanning microscopy of 2,249 particles showed that primary aluminosilicate PM was prevalent at surface mining sites compared to secondary PM at controls. Additional testing is needed to establish any link between input of lithogenic PM and disease rates in the study area.

Testing multi-theory model (MTM) in predicting initiation and sustenance of physical activity behavior among college students

PubMed Central

Nahar, Vinayak K.; Sharma, Manoj; Catalano, Hannah Priest; Ickes, Melinda J.; Johnson, Paul; Ford, M. Allison

2016-01-01

Background: Most college students do not adequately participate in enough physical activity (PA) to attain health benefits. A theory-based approach is critical in developing effective interventions to promote PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of the newly proposed multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change in predicting initiation and sustenance of PA among college students. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a valid and reliable survey was administered in October 2015 electronically to students enrolled at a large Southern US University. The internal consistency Cronbach alphas of the subscales were acceptable (0.65-0.92). Only those who did not engage in more than 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic PA during the past week were included in this study. Results: Of the 495 respondents, 190 met the inclusion criteria of which 141 completed the survey. The majority of participants were females (72.3%) and Caucasians (70.9%). Findings of the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed construct validity of subscales (initiation model: χ2 = 253.92 [df = 143], P < 0.001, CFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.07; sustenance model: χ2= 19.40 [df = 22], P < 0.001, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.00, SRMR = 0.03). Multivariate regression analysis showed that 26% of the variance in the PA initiation was explained by advantages outweighing disadvantages, behavioral confidence, work status, and changes in physical environment. Additionally, 29.7% of the variance in PA sustenance was explained by emotional transformation, practice for change, and changes in social environment. Conclusion: Based on this study’s findings, MTM appears to be a robust theoretical framework for predicting PA behavior change. Future research directions and development of suitable intervention strategies are discussed. PMID:27386419

Factors associated with independent pharmacy owners' satisfaction with Medicare Part D contracts.

PubMed

Zhang, Su; Doucette, William R; Urmie, Julie M; Xie, Yang; Brooks, John M

2010-06-01

As Medicare Part D contracts apply pressure on the profitability of independent pharmacies, there is concern about their owners' willingness to sign such contracts. Identifying factors affecting independent pharmacy owners' satisfaction with Medicare Part D contracts could inform policy makers in managing Medicare Part D. (1) To identify influences on independent pharmacy owners' satisfaction with Medicare Part D contracts and (2) to characterize comments made by independent pharmacy owners about Medicare Part D. This cross-sectional study used a mail survey of independent pharmacy owners in 15 states comprising 6 Medicare regions to collect information on their most- and least-favorable Medicare Part D contracts, including satisfaction, contract management activities, market position, pharmacy operation, and specific payment levels on brand and generic drugs. Of the 1649 surveys mailed, 296 surveys were analyzed. The regression models for satisfaction with both the least and the most-favorable Part D contracts were significant (P<0.05). A different set of significant influences on satisfaction was identified for each regression model. For the most-favorable contract, influences were contending and equity. For the least-favorable contract, influences were negotiation, equity, generic rate bonus, and medication therapy management (MTM) payment. About one-third of the survey respondents made at least 1 comment. The most frequent themes in the comments were that Medicare Part D reimbursement rate is too low (28%) and that contracts are offered without negotiation in a "take it or leave it" manner (20%). Equity, contending, negotiation, generic rate bonus, and MTM payments were identified as the influences of independent pharmacy owners' satisfaction toward Medicare Part D contracts. Generic rate bonus and MTM payment provide additional financial incentives to less financially favorable contracts and, in turn, contribute to independent pharmacy owner's satisfaction toward these contracts. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Traditional lecture versus jigsaw learning method for teaching Medication Therapy Management (MTM) core elements.

PubMed

Wilson, Jennifer A; Pegram, Angela H; Battise, Dawn M; Robinson, April M

2017-11-01

To determine if traditional didactic lecture or the jigsaw learning method is more effective to teach the medication therapy management (MTM) core elements in a first year pharmacy course. Traditional didactic lecture and a pre-class reading assignment were used in the fall semester cohort, and the jigsaw method was used in the spring semester cohort. Jigsaw is a cooperative learning strategy requiring students to assume responsibility for learning, and subsequently teaching peers. The students were responsible for reading specific sections of the pre-class reading, and then teaching other students in small groups about their specific reading assignments. To assess potential differences, identical pre- and post-tests were administered before and after the MTM section. Additionally, grade performance on an in-class project and final exam questions were compared, and students were surveyed on perceptions of teaching method used. A total of 45 and 43 students completed both the pre- and post-test in the fall and spring (96% and 93% response rate), respectively. Improvement in post-test scores favored the traditional method (p = 0.001). No statistical differences were noted between groups with grade performance on the in-class project and final exam questions. However, students favored the jigsaw method over traditional lecture and perceived improvements in problem solving skills, listening/communication skills and encouragement of cooperative learning (p = 0.018, 0.025 and 0.031). Although students favored the jigsaw learning method, traditional didactic lecture was more effective for the pre- and post-knowledge test performance. This may indicate that traditional didactic lecture is more effective for more foundational content. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Atmospheric particulate matter in proximity to mountaintop coal mines: sources and potential environmental and human health impacts.

PubMed

Kurth, Laura; Kolker, Allan; Engle, Mark; Geboy, Nicholas; Hendryx, Michael; Orem, William; McCawley, Michael; Crosby, Lynn; Tatu, Calin; Varonka, Matthew; DeVera, Christina

2015-06-01

Mountaintop removal mining (MTM) is a widely used approach to surface coal mining in the US Appalachian region whereby large volumes of coal overburden are excavated using explosives, removed, and transferred to nearby drainages below MTM operations. To investigate the air quality impact of MTM, the geochemical characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from five surface mining sites in south central West Virginia, USA, and five in-state study control sites having only underground coal mining or no coal mining whatsoever were determined and compared. Epidemiologic studies show increased rates of cancer, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and overall mortality in Appalachian surface mining areas compared to Appalachian non-mining areas. In the present study, 24-h coarse (>2.5 µm) and fine (≤2.5 µm) PM samples were collected from two surface mining sites in June 2011 showed pronounced enrichment in elements having a crustal affinity (Ga, Al, Ge, Rb, La, Ce) contributed by local sources, relative to controls. Follow-up sampling in August 2011 lacked this enrichment, suggesting that PM input from local sources is intermittent. Using passive samplers, dry deposition total PM elemental fluxes calculated for three surface mining sites over multi-day intervals between May and August 2012 were 5.8 ± 1.5 times higher for crustal elements than at controls. Scanning microscopy of 2,249 particles showed that primary aluminosilicate PM was prevalent at surface mining sites compared to secondary PM at controls. Additional testing is needed to establish any link between input of lithogenic PM and disease rates in the study area.

Imprint of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on Tree-Ring Widths in Northeastern Asia since 1568

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaochun; Brown, Peter M.; Zhang, Yanni; Song, Laiping

2011-01-01

We present a new tree-ring reconstruction of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) spanning 1568–2007 CE from northeast Asia. Comparison of the instrumental AMO index, an existing tree-ring based AMO reconstruction, and this new record show strongly similar annual to multidecadal patterns of variation over the last 440 years. Warm phases of the AMO are related to increases in growth of Scots pine trees and moisture availability in northeast China and central eastern Siberia. Multi-tape method (MTM) and cross-wavelet analyses indicate that robust multidecadal (∼64–128 years) variability is present throughout the new proxy record. Our results have important implications concerning the influence of North Atlantic sea surface temperatures on East Asian climate, and provide support for the possibility of an AMO signature on global multidecadal climate variability. PMID:21818380

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part D: Focal plane assembly data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

The data obtained for the Band 1 thematic mapper flight full band assembly (P/N 50797) are summarized. The data were collected from half band, post amplifier, and full band acceptance test data records.

Spectroradiometric calibration of the Thematic Mapper and multispectral scanner system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmer, J. (Principal Investigator); Slater, P.

1984-01-01

Results of an analysis that relates TM saturation level to ground reflectance, calendar date, latitude, and atmospheric conditions are reported. The determination of the spectral reflectance at the entrance pupil of the LANDSAT 4 pupil of the thematic mapper is described.

LANDSAT-4 Science Characterization Early Results. Volume 3, Part 2: Thematic Mapper (TM)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barker, J. L. (Editor)

1985-01-01

The calibration of the LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper is discussed as well as the atmospheric, radiometric, and geometric accuracy and correction of data obtained with this sensor. Methods are given for assessing TM band to band registration.

76 FR 37372 - Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Notification of a Public Meeting; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-27

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [61510-8451-0000; MTM 80092] Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Notification of a Public Meeting; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land...; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-55-P ...

Oriented clay nanopaper from biobased components--mechanisms for superior fire protection properties.

PubMed

Carosio, F; Kochumalayil, J; Cuttica, F; Camino, G; Berglund, L

2015-03-18

The toxicity of the most efficient fire retardant additives is a major problem for polymeric materials. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/clay nanocomposites, with unique brick-and-mortar structure and prepared by simple filtration, are characterized from the morphological point of view by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. These nanocomposites have superior fire protection properties to other clay nanocomposites and fiber composites. The corresponding mechanisms are evaluated in terms of flammability (reaction to a flame) and cone calorimetry (exposure to heat flux). These two tests provide a wide spectrum characterization of fire protection properties in CNF/montmorrilonite (MTM) materials. The morphology of the collected residues after flammability testing is investigated. In addition, thermal and thermo-oxidative stability are evaluated by thermogravimetric analyses performed in inert (nitrogen) and oxidative (air) atmospheres. Physical and chemical mechanisms are identified and related to the unique nanostructure and its low thermal conductivity, high gas barrier properties and CNF/MTM interactions for char formation.

Broadbanding of circularly polarized patch antenna by waveguided magneto-dielectric metamaterial

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Xin Mi; Wen, Juan; Liu, Chang Rong; Liu, Xue Guan; Cui, Tie Jun

2015-12-01

Design of bandwidth-enhanced circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna using artificial magneto-dielectric substrate was investigated. The artificial magneto-dielectric material adopted here takes the form of waveguided metamaterial (WG-MTM). In particular, the embedded meander line (EML) structure was employed as the building element of the WG-MTM. As verified by the retrieved effective medium parameters, the EML-based waveguided magneto-dielectric metamaterial (WG-MDM) exhibits two-dimensionally isotropic magneto-dielectric property with respect to TEM wave excitations applied in two orthogonal directions. A CP patch antenna loaded with the EML-based WG-MDM (WG-MDM antenna) has been proposed and its design procedure is described in detail. Simulation results show that the impedance and axial ratio bandwidths of the WG-MDM antenna have increased by 125% and 133%, respectively, compared with those obtained with pure dielectric substrate offering the same patch size. The design of the novel WG-MDM antenna was also validated by measurement results, which show good agreement with their simulated counterparts.

Statistical Analyses of Raw Material Data for MTM45-1/CF7442A-36% RW: CMH Cure Cycle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coroneos, Rula; Pai, Shantaram, S.; Murthy, Pappu

2013-01-01

This report describes statistical characterization of physical properties of the composite material system MTM45-1/CF7442A, which has been tested and is currently being considered for use on spacecraft structures. This composite system is made of 6K plain weave graphite fibers in a highly toughened resin system. This report summarizes the distribution types and statistical details of the tests and the conditions for the experimental data generated. These distributions will be used in multivariate regression analyses to help determine material and design allowables for similar material systems and to establish a procedure for other material systems. Additionally, these distributions will be used in future probabilistic analyses of spacecraft structures. The specific properties that are characterized are the ultimate strength, modulus, and Poisson??s ratio by using a commercially available statistical package. Results are displayed using graphical and semigraphical methods and are included in the accompanying appendixes.

PharmMapper server: a web server for potential drug target identification using pharmacophore mapping approach

PubMed Central

Liu, Xiaofeng; Ouyang, Sisheng; Yu, Biao; Liu, Yabo; Huang, Kai; Gong, Jiayu; Zheng, Siyuan; Li, Zhihua; Li, Honglin; Jiang, Hualiang

2010-01-01

In silico drug target identification, which includes many distinct algorithms for finding disease genes and proteins, is the first step in the drug discovery pipeline. When the 3D structures of the targets are available, the problem of target identification is usually converted to finding the best interaction mode between the potential target candidates and small molecule probes. Pharmacophore, which is the spatial arrangement of features essential for a molecule to interact with a specific target receptor, is an alternative method for achieving this goal apart from molecular docking method. PharmMapper server is a freely accessed web server designed to identify potential target candidates for the given small molecules (drugs, natural products or other newly discovered compounds with unidentified binding targets) using pharmacophore mapping approach. PharmMapper hosts a large, in-house repertoire of pharmacophore database (namely PharmTargetDB) annotated from all the targets information in TargetBank, BindingDB, DrugBank and potential drug target database, including over 7000 receptor-based pharmacophore models (covering over 1500 drug targets information). PharmMapper automatically finds the best mapping poses of the query molecule against all the pharmacophore models in PharmTargetDB and lists the top N best-fitted hits with appropriate target annotations, as well as respective molecule’s aligned poses are presented. Benefited from the highly efficient and robust triangle hashing mapping method, PharmMapper bears high throughput ability and only costs 1 h averagely to screen the whole PharmTargetDB. The protocol was successful in finding the proper targets among the top 300 pharmacophore candidates in the retrospective benchmarking test of tamoxifen. PharmMapper is available at http://59.78.96.61/pharmmapper. PMID:20430828

Forest cover from Landsat Thematic Mapper data for use in the Catahoula anger District geographic information system.

Treesearch

David L. Evans

1994-01-01

A forest cover classification of the Kisatchie National Forest, Catahoula Ranger district, was performed with Landsat Thematic Mapper data. Data base retrievals and map products from this analysis demonstrated use of Landsat for forest management decisions.

Nitrogen Source and Loading Data for EPA Estuary Data Mapper

EPA Science Inventory

Nitrogen source and loading data have been compiled and aggregated at the scale of estuaries and associated watersheds of the conterminous United States, using the spatial framework in EPA's Estuary Data Mapper (EDM) to provide system boundaries. Original sources of data include...

Development of the Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper Mission

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hardgrove, C.; Bell, J. F.; Starr, R.; Colaprete, A.; Drake, D.; Lazbin, I.; West, S.; Johnson, E. B.; Christian, J.; Heffern, L.; Genova, A.; Dunham, D.; Williams, B.; Nelson, D.; Puckett, S.; Babuscia, A.; Scowen, P.; Kerner, H.; Amzler, R. J.

2018-04-01

The Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper is a 6U CubeSat mission launching on SLS EM-1. The spacecraft will orbit at a low altitude perlune over the lunar south pole and carries a miniature neutron spectrometer to map small scale hydrogen enrichments in PSRs.

Star sensor/mapper with a self deployable, high-attenuation light shade for SAS-B

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schenkel, F. W.; Finkel, A.

1972-01-01

A star sensor/mapper to determine positional data for the small astronomy satellites was tested to detect stars of plus 4 visual magnitude. It utilizes two information channels with memory so that it can be used with a low-data-rate telemetry system. One channel yields star amplitude information; the other yields the time of star occurrence as the star passes across an N-slit reticle/photomultiplier detector system. Some of the features of the star sensor/mapper are its low weight of 6.5 pounds, low power consumption of 0.4 watt, bandwidth switching to match the satellite spin rate, optical equalization of sensitivity over the 5-by-10 deg field of view, and self-deployable sunshade. The attitude determination accuracy is 3 arc minutes. This is determined by such parameters as the reticle configuration, optical train, and telemetry readout. The optical and electronic design of the star sensor/mapper, its expansion capabilities, and its features are discussed.

Variations in thematic mapper spectra of soil related to tillage and crop residue management - Initial evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seeley, M. W.; Ruschy, D. L.; Linden, D. R.

1983-01-01

A cooperative research project was initiated in 1982 to study differences in thematic mapper spectral characteristics caused by variable tillage and crop residue practices. Initial evaluations of radiometric data suggest that spectral separability of variably tilled soils can be confounded by moisture and weathering effects. Separability of bare tilled soils from those with significant amounts of corn residue is enhanced by wet conditions, but still possible under dry conditions when recent tillage operations have occurred. In addition, thematic mapper data may provide an alternative method to study the radiant energy balance at the soil surface in conjunction with variable tillage systems.

Cassini radar views the surface of Titan.

PubMed

Elachi, C; Wall, S; Allison, M; Anderson, Y; Boehmer, R; Callahan, P; Encrenaz, P; Flamini, E; Franceschetti, G; Gim, Y; Hamilton, G; Hensley, S; Janssen, M; Johnson, W; Kelleher, K; Kirk, R; Lopes, R; Lorenz, R; Lunine, J; Muhleman, D; Ostro, S; Paganelli, F; Picardi, G; Posa, F; Roth, L; Seu, R; Shaffer, S; Soderblom, L; Stiles, B; Stofan, E; Vetrella, S; West, R; Wood, C; Wye, L; Zebker, H

2005-05-13

The Cassini Titan Radar Mapper imaged about 1% of Titan's surface at a resolution of approximately 0.5 kilometer, and larger areas of the globe in lower resolution modes. The images reveal a complex surface, with areas of low relief and a variety of geologic features suggestive of dome-like volcanic constructs, flows, and sinuous channels. The surface appears to be young, with few impact craters. Scattering and dielectric properties are consistent with porous ice or organics. Dark patches in the radar images show high brightness temperatures and high emissivity and are consistent with frozen hydrocarbons.

Cassini radar views the surface of Titan

USGS Publications Warehouse

Elachi, C.; Wall, S.; Allison, M.; Anderson, Y.; Boehmer, R.; Callahan, P.; Encrenaz, P.; Flamini, E.; Franceschetti, G.; Gim, Y.; Hamilton, G.; Hensley, S.; Janssen, M.; Johnson, W.; Kelleher, K.; Kirk, R.; Lopes, R.; Lorenz, R.; Lunine, J.; Muhleman, D.; Ostro, S.; Paganelli, F.; Picardi, G.; Posa, F.; Roth, L.; Seu, R.; Shaffer, S.; Soderblom, L.; Stiles, B.; Stofan, E.; Vetrella, S.; West, R.; Wood, C.; Wye, L.; Zebker, H.

2005-01-01

The Cassini Titan Radar Mapper imaged about 1% of Titan's surface at a resolution of ???0.5 kilometer, and larger areas of the globe in lower resolution modes. The images reveal a complex surface, with areas of low relief and a variety of geologic features suggestive of dome-like volcanic constructs, flows, and sinuous channels. The surface appears to be young, with few impact craters. Scattering and dielectric properties are consistent with porous ice or organics. Dark patches in the radar images show high brightness temperatures and high emissivity and are consistent with frozen hydrocarbons.

A methodology for mapping forest latent heat flux densities using remote sensing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pierce, Lars L.; Congalton, Russell G.

1988-01-01

Surface temperatures and reflectances of an upper elevation Sierran mixed conifer forest were monitored using the Thematic Mapper Simulator sensor during the summer of 1985 in order to explore the possibility of using remote sensing to determine the distribution of solar energy on forested watersheds. The results show that the method is capable of quantifying the relative energy allocation relationships between the two cover types defined in the study. It is noted that the method also has the potential to map forest latent heat flux densities.

A revised surface resistance parameterisation for estimating latent heat flux from remotely sensed data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Yi; Wang, Jiemin; Yang, Kun; Ma, Mingguo; Li, Xin; Zhang, Zhihui; Wang, Xufeng

2012-07-01

Estimating evapotranspiration (ET) is required for many environmental studies. Remote sensing provides the ability to spatially map latent heat flux. Many studies have developed approaches to derive spatially distributed surface energy fluxes from various satellite sensors with the help of field observations. In this study, remote-sensing-based λE mapping was conducted using a Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image and an Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image. The remotely sensed data and field observations employed in this study were obtained from Watershed Allied Telemetry Experimental Research (WATER). A biophysics-based surface resistance model was revised to account for water stress and temperature constraints. The precision of the results was validated using 'ground truth' data obtained by eddy covariance (EC) system. Scale effects play an important role, especially for parameter optimisation and validation of the latent heat flux (λE). After considering the footprint of EC, the λE derived from the remote sensing data was comparable to the EC measured value during the satellite's passage. The results showed that the revised surface resistance parameterisation scheme was useful for estimating the latent heat flux over cropland in arid regions.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: MV Lyr - bursts and periods (Pavlenko, 1998)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pavlenko, E. P.

2001-01-01

The analysis of photometric behavior of the nova-like star MV Lyr in B in the low brightness state in 1995-1996 based on the observations performed at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory with the MTM-500 television system was presented. (1 data file).

Implementation and Clinical Outcomes of an Employer-Sponsored, Pharmacist-Provided Medication Therapy Management Program.

PubMed

Theising, Katie M; Fritschle, Traci L; Scholfield, Angelina M; Hicks, Emily L; Schymik, Michelle L

2015-11-01

Our objective was to describe the implementation and clinical outcomes of an employer-sponsored, pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) program for health plan beneficiaries with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension. We conducted a single-center retrospective medical record review. The setting was a Pharmacy MTM Clinic at a self-insured health system consisting of six hospitals and several ancillary facilities. A total of 161 health plan beneficiaries with diabetes identified during annual wellness screenings for the health plan in 2012 and 225 health plan beneficiaries with diabetes and/or hypertension identified during annual wellness screenings for the health plan in 2013 were referred to the MTM clinic based on specific criteria. In 2012 the health system expanded its existing wellness program by implementing a voluntary diabetes care program for health plan beneficiaries with uncontrolled diabetes (hemoglobin A(1c) [A1C] 7% or higher); a similar program was added for hypertension for the 2013 plan year. All participants' A1C and blood pressure results were tracked from the date of their wellness screening through the end of the plan year. The pharmacists involved had the capability to directly implement drug regimen changes according to hospital protocol or provide recommendations to the physician, as specified by the referring physician. For the 2012-2013 plan year, the mean difference in A1C from baseline to program completion was -0.38% (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.58 to -0.18%, p<0.05). For beneficiaries with a baseline A1C of 7% or higher, the mean difference was -0.69% (95% CI -0.99 to -0.39%, p<0.05). For the 2013-2014 plan year, the mean difference in A1C from baseline to program completion was -0.62% (95% CI -0.81 to -0.44%, p<0.05). In that year, the mean difference in A1C for beneficiaries with A1C 7% or higher was -0.97% (95% CI -1.23 to -0.72%, p<0.05). For those referred for hypertension, a mean difference of -13 mm Hg (95% CI -18.59 to -7.73, p<0.05) from baseline to program completion was seen in systolic blood pressure, and the mean difference in diastolic blood pressure was -7 mm Hg (95% CI -9.92 to -4.04, p<0.05). This study demonstrated that health plan beneficiaries who participated in the employer-sponsored, pharmacist-provided MTM program had significant decreases in A1C and blood pressure. © 2015 Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc.

Estuary Data Mapper: A virtual portal to coastal data informing environmental management decisions

EPA Science Inventory

The Estuary Data Mapper (EDM) is a free, interactive graphical application under development at the US EPA that allows environmental researchers and managers to quickly and easily retrieve, view and save subsets of online US coastal estuary-related data. Accessible data include ...

LAND COVER MAPPING IN AN AGRICULTURAL SETTING USING MULTISEASONAL THEMATIC MAPPER DATA

EPA Science Inventory

A multiseasonal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data set consisting of five image dates from a single year was used to characterize agricultural and related land cover in the Willamette River Basin (WRB) of western Oregon. Image registration was accomplished using an automated grou...

EPA Recovery Mapper

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The EPA Recovery Mapper is an Internet interactive mapping application that allows users to discover information about every American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) award that EPA has funded for six programs. By integrating data reported by the recipients of Recovery Act funding and data created by EPA, this application delivers a level of transparency and public accessibility to users interested in EPA's use of Recovery Act monies. The application is relatively easy to use and builds on the same mapping model as Google, Bing, MapQuest and other commonly used mapping interfaces. EPA Recovery Mapper tracks each award made by each program and gives basic Quick Facts information for each award including award name, location, award date, dollar amounts and more. Data Summaries for each EPA program or for each state are provided displaying dollars for Total Awarded, Total Received (Paid), and Total Jobs This Quarter by Recovery for the latest quarter of data released by Recovery.gov. The data are reported to the government and EPA four times a year by the award recipients. The latest quarterly report will always be displayed in the EPA Recovery Mapper. In addition, the application provides many details about each award. Users will learn more about how to access and interpret these data later in this document. Data shown in the EPA Recovery Mapper are derived from information reported back to FederalReporting.gov from the recipients of Recovery Act funding. EPA

Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper | UW-Madison Astronomy

Science.gov Websites

Department of Astronomy Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Overview Description About WHAM Fabry-Perot Spectroscopy National Science Foundation Astronomy and... 02.20.2012 | Continue Reading » WHAM featured at Natural Astronomy Galactic Structure GALFA GLIMPSE GLIMPSE360 WHAM Extragalactic Astronomy & Cosmology Local

Spectroradiometric calibration of the thematic mapper and multispectral scanner system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmer, J. M.; Slater, P. N.

1983-01-01

The results of an analysis that relates thematic mapper (TM) saturation level to ground reflectance, calendar date, latitude, and atmospheric condition is provided. A revised version of the preprint included with the last quarterly report is also provided for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

Can Visualizing Document Space Improve Users' Information Foraging?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Song, Min

1998-01-01

This study shows how users access relevant information in a visualized document space and determine whether BiblioMapper, a visualization tool, strengthens an information retrieval (IR) system and makes it more usable. BiblioMapper, developed for a CISI collection, was evaluated by accuracy, time, and user satisfaction. Users' navigation…

Information content of data from the LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) and multispectral scanner (MSS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Price, J. C.

1983-01-01

The progress of an investigation to quantify the increased information content of thematic mapper (TM) data as compared to that from the LANDSAT 4 multispectral scanner (MSS) is reported. Two night infrared images were examined and compared with Heat Capacity Mapping Mission data.

Becoming a Leader: Finding My Voice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finchum, Tabetha R.

2014-01-01

In this article, fourth-grade teacher Tabetha Finchum describes how a program called Arizona Master Teacher of Mathematics (AZ-MTM), a Noyce grant funded through the National Science Foundation, helped boost her confidence and broaden her understanding of the philosophies, curricula, and instructional decisions being implemented by other teachers.…

Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Valles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keszthelyi, L. P.; Jaeger, W. L.; Tanaka, K.; Hare, T.

2009-01-01

We are approaching the end of the third year of mapping the Athabasca Valles region of Mars. The linework has been adjusted in response to new CTX images and we are on schedule to submit the 4 MTM quads (05202, 05207, 10202, 10207) and ac-companying paper by the end of this fiscal year.

75 FR 59741 - Notice of Proposed Withdrawal and Opportunity for Public Meeting; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-28

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMTB072000-L14300000-ET0000; MTM 98499] Notice of Proposed Withdrawal and Opportunity for Public Meeting; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land.... [FR Doc. 2010-24281 Filed 9-27-10; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-$$-P ...

75 FR 63856 - Public Land Order No. 7753; Extension of Public Land Order No. 7464; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-18

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMTL06000-L14300000.ET0000; MTM 89170] Public Land Order No. 7753; Extension of Public Land Order No. 7464; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land...:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-DN-P ...

77 FR 53226 - Public Land Order No. 7792; Partial Revocation, Power Site Reserve No. 109; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-31

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [MT-LLB05000-LL14300000-FQ0000; MTM 40412] Public Land Order No. 7792; Partial Revocation, Power Site Reserve No. 109; Montana Correction In notice...:45 am] BILLING CODE 1505-01-D ...

Efficacy of Two Mathematics Interventions for Enhancing Fluency with Elementary Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mong, Michael D.; Mong, Kristi W.

2010-01-01

An alternating treatments design was used to evaluate two curriculum-based mathematics interventions designed to enhance fluency with three elementary school students. Results indicate that both the Math to Mastery (MTM) intervention and the Cover, Copy, Compare (CCC) intervention were effective at increasing mathematics fluency, as measured by…

Design and Implementation of an Experimental Cataloging Advisor--Mapper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ercegovac, Zorana; Borko, Harold

1992-01-01

Describes the design of an experimental computer-aided cataloging advisor, Mapper, that was developed to help novice users with the descriptive cataloging of single-sheet maps from U.S. publishers. The human-computer interface is considered, the use of HyperCard is discussed, the knowledge base is explained, and assistance screens are described.…

LANDSAT-D data format control book. Volume 6, appendix D: Thematic mapper Computer Compatible Tape (CCT-AT/PT)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ahmed, H.

1981-01-01

The format of computer compatible tapes which contain LANDSAT 4 and D Prime thematic mapper data is defined. A complete specification of the CCT-AT (radiometric corrections applied and geometric matrices appended) and the CCT-PT (radiometric and geometric corrections) data formats is provided.

Estuary Data Mapper: A coastal information system to propel emerging science and inform environmental management decisions

EPA Science Inventory

The Estuary Data Mapper (EDM) is a free, interactive virtual gateway to coastal data aimed to promote research and aid in environmental management. The graphical user interface allows users to custom select and subset data based on their spatial and temporal interests giving them...

Forest/non-forest stratification in Georgia with Landsat Thematic Mapper data

Treesearch

William H. Cooke

2000-01-01

Geographically accurate Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data may be useful for training, classification, and accuracy assessment of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. Minimum expectation for maps derived from Landsat data is accurate discrimination of several land cover classes. Landsat TM costs have decreased dramatically, but acquiring cloud-free scenes at...

Information content of data from the LANDSAT 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) and multispectral scanner (MSS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Price, J. C.

1983-01-01

Simultaneous data acquisition by the LANDSAT 4 thematic mapper and the multispectral scanner permits the comparison of the two types of image data with respect to engineering performance and data applications. Progress in the evaluation of information content of matching scenes in agricultural areas is briefly reported.

Nano Mapper: an Internet knowledge mapping system for nanotechnology development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xin; Hu, Daning; Dang, Yan; Chen, Hsinchun; Roco, Mihail C.; Larson, Catherine A.; Chan, Joyce

2009-04-01

Nanotechnology research has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Advances in information technology enable efficient investigation of publications, their contents, and relationships for large sets of nanotechnology-related documents in order to assess the status of the field. This paper presents the development of a new knowledge mapping system, called Nano Mapper (http://nanomapper.eller.arizona.edu), which integrates the analysis of nanotechnology patents and research grants into a Web-based platform. The Nano Mapper system currently contains nanotechnology-related patents for 1976-2006 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), European Patent Office (EPO), and Japan Patent Office (JPO), as well as grant documents from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) for the same time period. The system provides complex search functionalities, and makes available a set of analysis and visualization tools (statistics, trend graphs, citation networks, and content maps) that can be applied to different levels of analytical units (countries, institutions, technical fields) and for different time intervals. The paper shows important nanotechnology patenting activities at USPTO for 2005-2006 identified through the Nano Mapper system.

CheS-Mapper - Chemical Space Mapping and Visualization in 3D.

PubMed

Gütlein, Martin; Karwath, Andreas; Kramer, Stefan

2012-03-17

Analyzing chemical datasets is a challenging task for scientific researchers in the field of chemoinformatics. It is important, yet difficult to understand the relationship between the structure of chemical compounds, their physico-chemical properties, and biological or toxic effects. To that respect, visualization tools can help to better comprehend the underlying correlations. Our recently developed 3D molecular viewer CheS-Mapper (Chemical Space Mapper) divides large datasets into clusters of similar compounds and consequently arranges them in 3D space, such that their spatial proximity reflects their similarity. The user can indirectly determine similarity, by selecting which features to employ in the process. The tool can use and calculate different kind of features, like structural fragments as well as quantitative chemical descriptors. These features can be highlighted within CheS-Mapper, which aids the chemist to better understand patterns and regularities and relate the observations to established scientific knowledge. As a final function, the tool can also be used to select and export specific subsets of a given dataset for further analysis.

CheS-Mapper - Chemical Space Mapping and Visualization in 3D

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Analyzing chemical datasets is a challenging task for scientific researchers in the field of chemoinformatics. It is important, yet difficult to understand the relationship between the structure of chemical compounds, their physico-chemical properties, and biological or toxic effects. To that respect, visualization tools can help to better comprehend the underlying correlations. Our recently developed 3D molecular viewer CheS-Mapper (Chemical Space Mapper) divides large datasets into clusters of similar compounds and consequently arranges them in 3D space, such that their spatial proximity reflects their similarity. The user can indirectly determine similarity, by selecting which features to employ in the process. The tool can use and calculate different kind of features, like structural fragments as well as quantitative chemical descriptors. These features can be highlighted within CheS-Mapper, which aids the chemist to better understand patterns and regularities and relate the observations to established scientific knowledge. As a final function, the tool can also be used to select and export specific subsets of a given dataset for further analysis. PMID:22424447

Landsat-4 thematic mapper and thematic mapper simulator data for a porphyry copper deposit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abrams, M. J.

1984-01-01

Aircraft thematic mapper (TM) data were analyzed to evaluate the potential utility of the Landsat-4 thematic mapper for geologic mapping and detection of hydrothermal alteration zones in the Silver Bell porphyry copper deposit in southern Arizona. The data allow a comparison between aircraft TV simulator data and the Landsat-4 TM satellite data which possess similar spectral bands. A color rationcomposite of 30-m pixels was resampled, in order to clearly define a number of hydroxyl bearing minerals, (kaolinite, sericite, white mica), pyrite and iron oxide/hydroxide minerals. The iron oxide minerals have diagnostic absorption bands in the 0.45 and 0.85 micron regions of the spectrum, and the hydrous minerals are characterized by an absorption in the 2.2 micron region. The position of the spectral bands allow the TM to identify regions of hydrothermal alteration without resorting to a data processing algorithm. The comparison of the aircraft and Landsat-4 TM data showed considerable agreement, and confirmed the utility of TM data for identifying hydrothermal alteration zones. Samples of some color TM images are provided.

Nano Mapper: an Internet knowledge mapping system for nanotechnology development

PubMed Central

Hu, Daning; Dang, Yan; Chen, Hsinchun; Roco, Mihail C.; Larson, Catherine A.; Chan, Joyce

2008-01-01

Nanotechnology research has experienced rapid growth in recent years. Advances in information technology enable efficient investigation of publications, their contents, and relationships for large sets of nanotechnology-related documents in order to assess the status of the field. This paper presents the development of a new knowledge mapping system, called Nano Mapper (http://nanomapper.eller.arizona.edu), which integrates the analysis of nanotechnology patents and research grants into a Web-based platform. The Nano Mapper system currently contains nanotechnology-related patents for 1976–2006 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), European Patent Office (EPO), and Japan Patent Office (JPO), as well as grant documents from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) for the same time period. The system provides complex search functionalities, and makes available a set of analysis and visualization tools (statistics, trend graphs, citation networks, and content maps) that can be applied to different levels of analytical units (countries, institutions, technical fields) and for different time intervals. The paper shows important nanotechnology patenting activities at USPTO for 2005–2006 identified through the Nano Mapper system. PMID:21170121

Mapping land cover through time with the Rapid Land Cover Mapper—Documentation and user manual

USGS Publications Warehouse

Cotillon, Suzanne E.; Mathis, Melissa L.

2017-02-15

The Rapid Land Cover Mapper is an Esri ArcGIS® Desktop add-in, which was created as an alternative to automated or semiautomated mapping methods. Based on a manual photo interpretation technique, the tool facilitates mapping over large areas and through time, and produces time-series raster maps and associated statistics that characterize the changing landscapes. The Rapid Land Cover Mapper add-in can be used with any imagery source to map various themes (for instance, land cover, soils, or forest) at any chosen mapping resolution. The user manual contains all essential information for the user to make full use of the Rapid Land Cover Mapper add-in. This manual includes a description of the add-in functions and capabilities, and step-by-step procedures for using the add-in. The Rapid Land Cover Mapper add-in was successfully used by the U.S. Geological Survey West Africa Land Use Dynamics team to accurately map land use and land cover in 17 West African countries through time (1975, 2000, and 2013).

Hyperspectral Image-Based Night-Time Vehicle Light Detection Using Spectral Normalization and Distance Mapper for Intelligent Headlight Control.

PubMed

Kim, Heekang; Kwon, Soon; Kim, Sungho

2016-07-08

This paper proposes a vehicle light detection method using a hyperspectral camera instead of a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) camera for adaptive car headlamp control. To apply Intelligent Headlight Control (IHC), the vehicle headlights need to be detected. Headlights are comprised from a variety of lighting sources, such as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), High-intensity discharge (HID), and halogen lamps. In addition, rear lamps are made of LED and halogen lamp. This paper refers to the recent research in IHC. Some problems exist in the detection of headlights, such as erroneous detection of street lights or sign lights and the reflection plate of ego-car from CCD or CMOS images. To solve these problems, this study uses hyperspectral images because they have hundreds of bands and provide more information than a CCD or CMOS camera. Recent methods to detect headlights used the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Spectral Correlation Mapper (SCM), and Euclidean Distance Mapper (EDM). The experimental results highlight the feasibility of the proposed method in three types of lights (LED, HID, and halogen).

Temperatures of the martian surface and atmosphere: viking observation of diurnal and geometric variations.

PubMed

Kieffer, H H; Christensen, P R; Martin, T Z; Miner, E D; Palluconi, F D

1976-12-11

Selected observations made with the Viking infrared thermal mapper after the first landing are reported. Atmospheric temperatures measured at the latitude of the Viking 2 landing site (48 degrees N) over most of a martian day reveal a diurnal variation of at least 15 K, with peak temperatures occurring near 2.2 hours after noon, implying significant absorption of sunlight in the lower 30 km of the atmosphere by entrained dust. The summit temperature of Arsia Mons varies by a factor of nearly two each day; large diurnal temperature variation is characteristic of the south Tharsis upland and implies the presence of low thermal inertia material. The thermal inertia of material on the floors of several typical large craters is found to be higher than for the surrounding terrain; this suggests that craters are somehow effective in sorting aeolian material. Brightness temperatures of the Viking 1 landing area decrease at large emission angles; the intensity of reflected sunlight shows a more complex dependence on geometry than expected, implying atmospheric as well as surface scattering.

Abstracts of the annual meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers: June 21-22, 2002, Tempe, Arizona

USGS Publications Warehouse

Gregg, Tracy K. P.; Tanaka, Kenneth L.; Senske, David A.

2002-01-01

The annual meeting of planetary geologic mappers allows mappers the opportunity to exchange ideas, experiences, victories, and problems. In addition, presentations are reviewed by the Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GEMS) to provide input to the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Mapping Program review panel’s consideration of new proposals and progress reports that include mapping tasks. Funded mappers bring both oral presentation materials (slides or viewgraphs) and map products to post for review by GEMS and fellow mappers. Additionally, the annual meetings typically feature optional field trips that offer Earth analogs and parallels to planetary mapping problems or workshops that provide information and status of current missions. The 2002 meeting of planetary geologic mappers was held June 21-22 at the Mars Flight Facility, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. Dr. Phil Christensen graciously offered the use of the newly renovated facility, and Ms. Kelly Bender not only proved to be a courteous hostess, but also arranged a short workshop on June 23 regarding TES and THEMIS data. Approximately 30 people attended each day of the 2-day meeting, although not the same 30—some attended only on Thursday and others only on Friday. On Thursday, eight mappers gave oral presentations of Mars mapping, and an additional two presentations were presented as posters only. Eight oral presentations on Venus mapping were given on Friday, and an additional four presentations were posters only. Twelve people attended the TES/THEMIS workshop. Presentations of Ganymede mapping and Europa mapping (the latter not yet financially sponsored by PG&G mapping program) were also given on Friday. Aside from the regular presentations of maps-in-progress, there were some additional talks. Lisa Gaddis (USGS) presented a proposal seeking support for a new lunar mapping program in light of all the new data available; she made a good case that the GEMS panel discussed. Jim Skinner (USGS) gave a short presentation on free (or nearly so) software available for 3D viewing of planetary surfaces. Healthy discussions focused on the review time for some maps and the use of different styles of correlation charts observed on the presented maps. Next year’s meeting will be held June 19-20 at Brown University, Providence, RI.

Preliminary JIRAM results from Juno polar observations: 1. Methodology and analysis applied to the Jovian northern polar region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dinelli, B. M.; Fabiano, F.; Adriani, A.; Altieri, F.; Moriconi, M. L.; Mura, A.; Sindoni, G.; Filacchione, G.; Tosi, F.; Migliorini, A.; Grassi, D.; Piccioni, G.; Noschese, R.; Cicchetti, A.; Bolton, S. J.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Atreya, S. K.; Bagenal, F.; Gladstone, G. R.; Hansen, C. J.; Kurth, W. S.; Levin, S. M.; Mauk, B. H.; McComas, D. J.; Gèrard, J.-C.; Turrini, D.; Stefani, S.; Amoroso, M.; Olivieri, A.

2017-05-01

During the first orbit around Jupiter of the NASA/Juno mission, the Jovian Auroral Infrared Mapper (JIRAM) instrument observed the auroral regions with a large number of measurements. The measured spectra show both the emission of the H3+ ion and of methane in the 3-4 μm spectral region. In this paper we describe the analysis method developed to retrieve temperature and column density (CD) of the H3+ ion from JIRAM spectra in the northern auroral region. The high spatial resolution of JIRAM shows an asymmetric aurora, with CD and temperature ovals not superimposed and not exactly located where models and previous observations suggested. On the main oval averaged H3+ CDs span between 1.8 × 1012 cm-2 and 2.8 × 1012 cm-2, while the retrieved temperatures show values between 800 and 950 K. JIRAM indicates a complex relationship among H3+ CDs and temperatures on the Jupiter northern aurora.

Mars south polar spring and summer temperatures - A residual CO2 frost

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kieffer, H. H.

1979-01-01

Viking infrared thermal mapper (IRTM) energy measurements over the Mars south polar cap throughout the Martian spring and summer revealed complex spatial, spectral, and temporal variations. High albedos did not directly correspond with low temperatures, and as the cap shrank to its residual position, it maintained large differences in brightness temperature between the four IRTM surface-sensing bands at 7, 9, 11, and 20 microns. The late summer infrared spectral pattern can be matched by a surface consisting of CO2 frost with 20 micron emissivity of 0.8 and about 6% dark, warm soil under a dusty atmosphere of moderate infrared opacity and spectral properties similar to those measured for the Martian global dust storms. Low temperature, the absence of appreciable water vapor in the south polar atmosphere, and the absence of surface warming expected if H2O were to become exposed, all imply that the residual south polar cap was covered by solid CO2.

75 FR 15456 - Notice of Availability for the Signal Peak Energy, LLC, Federal Coal Lease Application...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-29

... James M. Sparks, Manager, Billings Field Office, 5001 Southgate Drive, Billings, Montana 59101-4669... CONTACT: Craig Drake, Assistant Manager, Billings Field Office, 5001 Southgate Drive, Billings, Montana... Application MTM 97988. DATES: The public hearing will be held in the BLM Montana State Office's main...

The Effects of Mountaintop Mines and Valley Fills on Aquatic Ecosystems of the Central Appalachian Coalfields (External Review Draft)

EPA Science Inventory

This report assesses the state of the science on the environmental impacts of mountaintop mines and valley fills (MTM-VF) on streams in the Central Appalachian Coalfields. Our review focused on the aquatic impacts of mountaintop removal coal mining, which, as its name suggests, ...

75 FR 18499 - The Effects of Mountaintop Mines and Valley Fills on Aquatic Ecosystems of the Central...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-12

... environmental permitting requirements for Appalachian mountaintop removal and other surface coal mining projects.../guidance/mining.html ). Both documents will be reviewed by an independent review panel convened by EPA's... the state of the science on the ecological impacts of Mountaintop Mining and Valley Fill (MTM-VF...

Mountaintop mining consequences

Treesearch

M.A. Palmer; E.S. Bernhardt; W.H. Schlesinger; K.N. Eshleman; E. Foufoula-Georgiou; M.S. Hendryx; A.D. Lemly; G.E. Likens; O.L. Loucks; M.E. Power; P.S. White; P.R. Wilcock

2010-01-01

There has been a global, 30-year increase in surface mining (1), which is now the dominant driver of land-use change in the central Appalachian ecoregion of the United States (2). One major form of such mining, mountaintop mining with valley fills (MTM/VF) (3), is widespread throughout eastern Kentucky, West Virginia (WV), and southwestern Virginia. Upper elevation...

76 FR 9358 - Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Opportunity for Public Meeting; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-17

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [MTM 067221] Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Opportunity for Public Meeting; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION.... Cynthia Staszak, Chief, Branch of Land Resources. [FR Doc. 2011-3617 Filed 2-16-11; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE...

Multiple Signal Classification for Determining Direction of Arrival of Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Signals

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

42 4.2.3 Number of Hops Hs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.2.4 Number of Sensors M... 45 4.5 Standard deviation vs. Ns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.6 Bias...laboratory MTM multiple taper method MUSIC multiple signal classification MVDR minimum variance distortionless reposnse PSK phase shift keying QAM

Using classified Landsat Thematic Mapper data for stratification in a statewide forest inventory

Treesearch

Mark H. Hansen; Daniel G. Wendt

2000-01-01

The 1998 Indiana/Illinois forest inventory (USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)) used Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data for stratification. Classified images made by the National Gap Analysis Program (GAP) stratified FIA plots into four classes (nonforest, nonforest/ forest, forest/nonforest, and forest) based on a two pixel forest edge buffer zone...

Using Classified Landsat Thematic Mapper Data for Stratification in a Statewide Forest Inventory

Treesearch

Mark H. Hansen; Daniel G. Wendt

2000-01-01

The 1998 Indiana/Illinois forest inventory (USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)) used Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM} data for stratification. Classified images made by the National Gap Analysis Program (GAP) stratified FIA plots into four classes (nonforest, nonforest/forest, forest/nonforest, and forest) based on a two pixel forest edge buffer zone...

Thematic Mapper Analysis of Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii) in Central California

Treesearch

Paul A. Lefebvre Jr.; Frank W. Davis; Mark Borchert

1991-01-01

Digital Thematic Mapper (TM) satellite data from September 1986 and December 1985 were analyzed to determine seasonal reflectance properties of blue oak rangeland in the La Panza mountains of San Luis Obispo County. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine relationships between TM reflectance and oak canopy cover, basal area, and site topographic variables....

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 3, part A: System data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Results of vibration, acoustical noise, and thermal vacuum are described as well as tests studies of EMI/EMC and mass properties conducted for thematic mapper systems integration. Liens are summarized and the engineering change proposal status is presented. Requests for deviation/waiver are included along with failure and nonforming material reports.

The Use of Thematic Mapper Data for Land Cover Discrimination: Preliminary Results from the UK Satmap Programme

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, M. J.; Baker, J. R.; Townshend, J. R. G.; Gayler, J. E.; Hardy, J. R.

1984-01-01

In assessing the accuracy of classification techniques for Thematic Mapper data the consistency of the detector-to-detector response is critical. Preliminary studies were undertaken, therefore, to assess the significance of this factor for the TM. The overall structure of the band relationships can be examined by principal component analysis. In order to examine the utility of the Thematic Mapper data more carefully, six different land cover classes approximately Anderson level 1 were selected. These included an area of water from the sediment-laden Mississippi, woodland, agricultural land and urban land. A plume class was also selected which includes the plume of smoke emanating from the power station and drifting over the Mississippi river.

The SkyMapper Transient Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scalzo, R. A.; Yuan, F.; Childress, M. J.; Möller, A.; Schmidt, B. P.; Tucker, B. E.; Zhang, B. R.; Onken, C. A.; Wolf, C.; Astier, P.; Betoule, M.; Regnault, N.

2017-07-01

The SkyMapper 1.3 m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory has now begun regular operations. Alongside the Southern Sky Survey, a comprehensive digital survey of the entire southern sky, SkyMapper will carry out a search for supernovae and other transients. The search strategy, covering a total footprint area of 2 000 deg2 with a cadence of ⩽5 d, is optimised for discovery and follow-up of low-redshift type Ia supernovae to constrain cosmic expansion and peculiar velocities. We describe the search operations and infrastructure, including a parallelised software pipeline to discover variable objects in difference imaging; simulations of the performance of the survey over its lifetime; public access to discovered transients; and some first results from the Science Verification data.

The GSFC Mark-2 three band hand-held radiometer. [thematic mapper for ground truth data collection

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tucker, C. J.; Jones, W. H.; Kley, W. A.; Sundstrom, G. J.

1980-01-01

A self-contained, portable, hand-radiometer designed for field usage was constructed and tested. The device, consisting of a hand-held probe containing three sensors and a strap supported electronic module, weighs 4 1/2 kilograms. It is powered by flashlight and transistor radio batteries, utilizes two silicon and one lead sulfide detectors, has three liquid crystal displays, sample and hold radiometric sampling, and its spectral configuration corresponds to LANDSAT-D's thematic mapper bands. The device was designed to support thematic mapper ground-truth data collection efforts and to facilitate 'in situ' ground-based remote sensing studies of natural materials. Prototype instruments were extensively tested under laboratory and field conditions with excellent results.

Landsat-4 MSS and Thematic Mapper data quality and information content analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anuta, P. E.; Bartolucci, L. A.; Dean, M. E.; Lozano, D. F.; Malaret, E.; Mcgillem, C. D.; Valdes, J. A.; Valenzuela, C. R.

1984-01-01

Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper and Multispectral Scanner data were analyzed to obtain information on data quality and information content. Geometric evaluations were performed to test band-to-band registration accuracy. Thematic Mapper overall system resolution was evaluated using scene objects which demonstrated sharp high contrast edge responses. Radiometric evaluation included detector relative calibration, effects of resampling, and coherent noise effects. Information content evaluation was carried out using clustering, principal components, transformed divergence separability measure, and numerous supervised classifiers on data from Iowa and Illinois. A detailed spectral class analysis (multispectral classification) was carried out on data from the Des Moines, IA area to compare the information content of the MSS and TM for a large number of scene classes.

Thermal Performance of LANDSAT-7 ETM+ Instruments During First Year in Flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choi, Michael K.

2000-01-01

Landsat-7 was successfully launched into orbit on April 15, 1999. After devoting three months to the t bakeout and cool-down of the radiative cooler, and on- t orbit checkout, the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) began the normal imaging phase of the mission in mid-July 1999. This paper presents the thermal performance of the ETM+ from mid-July 1999 to mid-May 2000. The flight temperatures are compared to the yellow temperature limits, and worst cold case and worst hot case flight temperature predictions in the 15-orbit mission design profile. The flight temperature predictions were generated by a thermal model, which was correlated to the observatory thermal balance test data. The yellow temperature limits were derived from the flight temperature predictions, plus some margins. The yellow limits work well in flight, so that only several minor changes to them were needed. Overall, the flight temperatures and flight temperature predictions have good agreement. Based on the ETM+ thermal vacuum qualification test, new limits on the imaging time are proposed to increase the average duty cycle, and to resolve the problems experienced by the Mission Operation Team.

Urban heat island

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, Hongsuk H.

1991-01-01

The phenomenon of urban heat island was investigated by the use of LANDSAT Thematic Mapper data sets collected over the metropolitan area of Washington DC (U.S.). By combining the retrieved spectral albedos and temperatures, urban modification on radiation budgets of five surface categories were analyzed. The surface radiation budget imagery of the area show that urban heating is attributable to a large heat flux from the rapidly heating surfaces of asphalt, bare soil and short grass. In summer, symptoms of diurnal heating begin to appear by mid morning and can be about 10 degrees warmer than nearby woodlands in summer.

Vegetation mapping and stress detection in the Santa Monica Mountains, California

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Price, Curtis V.; Westman, Walter E.

1987-01-01

Thematic Mapper (TM) simulator data have been used to map coastal sage scrub in the mountains near Los Angeles by means of supervised classification. Changes in TM band radiances and band ratios are examined along an east-west gradient in ozone pollution loads. While the changes noted are interpretable in terms of ozone- and temperature-induced premature leaf drop, and consequent exposure of a dry, grassy understory, TM band and band ratio reflectances are influenced by a variety of independent factors which require that pollution stress interpretations be conducted in the context of the greatest possible ecological system comprehension.

LANDSAT-4 band 6 data evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

The radiometric integrity of the LANDSAT-D thematic mapper (TM) thermal infrared channel (band 6) data was evaluated to develop improved radiometric preprocessing calibration techniques for removal of atmospheric effects. Primary data analysis was spent in evaluating the line to line and detector to detector variation in the thermal infrared data. The data studied was in the core area of Lake Ontario where very stable temperatures were expected. The detectors and the scan direction were taken as separate parameters and an analysis of variance was conducted. The data indicate that significant variability exists both between detectors and between scan directions.

Trained student pharmacists' telephonic collection of patient medication information: Evaluation of a structured interview tool.

PubMed

Margolis, Amanda R; Martin, Beth A; Mott, David A

2016-01-01

To determine the feasibility and fidelity of student pharmacists collecting patient medication list information using a structured interview tool and the accuracy of documenting the information. The medication lists were used by a community pharmacist to provide a targeted medication therapy management (MTM) intervention. Descriptive analysis of patient medication lists collected with telephone interviews. Ten trained student pharmacists collected the medication lists. Trained student pharmacists conducted audio-recorded telephone interviews with 80 English-speaking, community-dwelling older adults using a structured interview tool to collect and document medication lists. Feasibility was measured using the number of completed interviews, the time student pharmacists took to collect the information, and pharmacist feedback. Fidelity to the interview tool was measured by assessing student pharmacists' adherence to asking all scripted questions and probes. Accuracy was measured by comparing the audio-recorded interviews to the medication list information documented in an electronic medical record. On average, it took student pharmacists 26.7 minutes to collect the medication lists. The community pharmacist said the medication lists were complete and that having the medication lists saved time and allowed him to focus on assessment, recommendations, and education during the targeted MTM session. Fidelity was high, with an overall proportion of asked scripted probes of 83.75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.62-86.88%). Accuracy was also high for both prescription (95.1%; 95% CI, 94.3-95.8%) and nonprescription (90.5%; 95% CI, 89.4-91.4%) medications. Trained student pharmacists were able to use an interview tool to collect and document medication lists with a high degree of fidelity and accuracy. This study suggests that student pharmacists or trained technicians may be able to collect patient medication lists to facilitate MTM sessions in the community pharmacy setting. Evaluating the sustainability of using student pharmacists or trained technicians to collect medication lists is needed. Copyright © 2016 American Pharmacists Association®. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Trained student pharmacists’ telephonic collection of patient medication information: Evaluation of a structured interview tool

PubMed Central

Margolis, Amanda R.; Martin, Beth A.; Mott, David A.

2016-01-01

Objective To determine the feasibility and fidelity of student pharmacists collecting patient medication list information using a structured interview tool and the accuracy of documenting the information. The medication lists were used by a community pharmacist to provide a targeted medication therapy management (MTM) intervention. Design Descriptive analysis of patient medication lists collected via telephone interviews. Participants 10 trained student pharmacists collected the medication lists. Intervention Trained student pharmacists conducted audio-recorded telephone interviews with 80 English-speaking community dwelling older adults using a structured interview tool to collect and document medication lists. Main outcome measures Feasibility was measured using the number of completed interviews, the time student pharmacists took to collect the information, and pharmacist feedback. Fidelity to the interview tool was measured by assessing student pharmacists’ adherence to asking all scripted questions and probes. Accuracy was measured by comparing the audio recorded interviews to the medication list information documented in an electronic medical record. Results On average it took student pharmacists 26.7 minutes to collect the medication lists. The community pharmacist said the medication lists were complete and that having the medication lists saved time and allowed him to focus on assessment, recommendations, and education during the targeted MTM session. Fidelity was high with an overall proportion of asked scripted probes of 83.75% (95%CI: 80.62–86.88%). Accuracy was also high for both prescription (95.1%, 95%CI: 94.3–95.8%) and non-prescription (90.5%, 95%CI: 89.4–91.4%) medications. Conclusion Trained student pharmacists were able to use an interview tool to collect and document medication lists with a high degree of fidelity and accuracy. This study suggests that student pharmacists or trained technicians may be able to collect patient medication lists to facilitate MTM sessions in the community pharmacy setting. Evaluating the sustainability of using student pharmacists or trained technicians to collect medication lists is needed. PMID:27000165

Geologic map of the MTM 85200 quadrangle, Olympia Rupes region of Mars

USGS Publications Warehouse

Skinner, James A.; Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.

2012-01-01

The north polar region of Mars is dominated by Planum Boreum, a roughly circular, domical plateau that rises >2,500 m above the surrounding lowland. Planum Boreum is >1,500 km in diameter, contains deep, curvilinear troughs and chasmata, isolated cavi, and marginal scarps and slopes. The north polar plateau is surrounded by low-lying and nearly horizontal plains of various surface texture, geologic origin, and stratigraphic significance. The MTM 85200 quadrangle spans 5° of latitude (lat 82.5° to 87.5° N.) and 40° of longitude (long 140° to 180° E.) within the eastern hemisphere of Mars. The quadrangle includes the high-standing Planum Boreum, curvilinear troughs of Boreales Scopuli, deep, sinuous scarps of Olympia Rupes, isolated and coalesced depressions of Olympia Cavi, margins of the circular polar erg Olympia Undae, and low-standing Olympia Planum. The surface of Planum Boreum within the MTM 85200 quadrangle is characterized by smoothly sculptured landforms with shallow slopes and variable relief at kilometer scales. Areas that are perennially covered with bright frost are generally smooth and planar at 100-m scales. However, MGS MOC and MRO HiRISE images show that much of the icy polar plateau is rough at decameter scale. The Martian polar plateaus are likely to contain a record of global climate history for >107 to as much as ~3 x 109 years. This record is partly observable as rhythmically layered deposits exposed in the curvilinear troughs of the north polar plateau, Planum Boreum. The north polar layered deposits are widely interpreted to be among the most youthful bedrock deposits on the Martian surface. These materials and their stratigraphic and structural relations provide a glimpse into some of the more recent geologic processes that have occurred on Mars. The ability of the massive polar deposits to periodically trap and release both volatiles and lithic particles may represent a globally important, recurring geologic process for Mars.

Improving the economic and humanistic outcomes for diabetic patients: making a case for employer-sponsored medication therapy management

PubMed Central

Pinto, Sharrel L; Kumar, Jinender; Partha, Gautam; Bechtol, Robert A

2013-01-01

Background The purpose of this study was to determine the cost savings of a pharmacist-led, employer-sponsored medication therapy management (MTM) program for diabetic patients and to assess for any changes in patient satisfaction and self-reported medication adherence for enrollees. Methods Participants in this study were enrollees of an employer-sponsored MTM program. They were included if their primary medical insurance and prescription coverage was from the City of Toledo, they had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and whether or not they had been on medication or had been given a new prescription for diabetes treatment. The data were analyzed on a prospective, pre-post longitudinal basis, and tracked for one year following enrollment. Outcomes included economic costs, patient satisfaction, and self-reported patient adherence. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the population, calculate the number of visits, and determine the mean costs for each visit. Friedman’s test was used to determine changes in outcomes due to the nonparametric nature of the data. Results The mean number of visits to a physician’s office decreased from 10.22 to 7.07. The mean cost of these visits for patients increased from $47.70 to $66.41, but use of the emergency room and inpatient visits decreased by at least 50%. Employer spending on emergency room visits decreased by $24,214.17 and inpatient visit costs decreased by $166,610.84. Office visit spending increased by $11,776.41. A total cost savings of $179,047.80 was realized by the employer at the end of the program. Significant improvements in patient satisfaction and adherence were observed. Conclusion Pharmacist interventions provided through the employer-sponsored MTM program led to substantial cost savings to the employer with improved patient satisfaction and adherence on the part of employees at the conclusion of the program. PMID:23610526

Automatic identification of resting state networks: an extended version of multiple template-matching

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guaje, Javier; Molina, Juan; Rudas, Jorge; Demertzi, Athena; Heine, Lizette; Tshibanda, Luaba; Soddu, Andrea; Laureys, Steven; Gómez, Francisco

2015-12-01

Functional magnetic resonance imaging in resting state (fMRI-RS) constitutes an informative protocol to investigate several pathological and pharmacological conditions. A common approach to study this data source is through the analysis of changes in the so called resting state networks (RSNs). These networks correspond to well-defined functional entities that have been associated to different low and high brain order functions. RSNs may be characterized by using Independent Component Analysis (ICA). ICA provides a decomposition of the fMRI-RS signal into sources of brain activity, but it lacks of information about the nature of the signal, i.e., if the source is artifactual or not. Recently, a multiple template-matching (MTM) approach was proposed to automatically recognize RSNs in a set of Independent Components (ICs). This method provides valuable information to assess subjects at individual level. Nevertheless, it lacks of a mechanism to quantify how much certainty there is about the existence/absence of each network. This information may be important for the assessment of patients with severely damaged brains, in which RSNs may be greatly affected as a result of the pathological condition. In this work we propose a set of changes to the original MTM that improves the RSNs recognition task and also extends the functionality of the method. The key points of this improvement is a standardization strategy and a modification of method's constraints that adds flexibility to the approach. Additionally, we also introduce an analysis to the trustworthiness measurement of each RSN obtained by using template-matching approach. This analysis consists of a thresholding strategy applied over the computed Goodness-of-Fit (GOF) between the set of templates and the ICs. The proposed method was validated on 2 two independent studies (Baltimore, 23 healthy subjects and Liege, 27 healthy subjects) with different configurations of MTM. Results suggest that the method will provide complementary information for characterization of RSNs at individual level.

Equatorial temperature anomaly during solar minimum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suhasini, R.; Raghavarao, R.; Mayr, H. G.; Hoegy, W. R.; Wharton, L. E.

2001-11-01

We show evidence for the occurrence of the equatorial temperature anomaly (ETA) during solar minimum by analyzing the temperature and total ion density data from the Neutral Atmosphere Temperature Experiment (NATE) and the Cylindrical Electrostatic Probe (CEP), respectively, on board the Atmospheric Explorer-E satellite. The chosen data refer to a height of ~254 km in the African and Asian longitude sector (340.1°E-200°E) during a summer season in the Southern Hemisphere. As during the solar maximum period, the spatial characteristics of the ETA are similar to those of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). A minimum in the gas temperature is collocated with the minimum in the ion density at the dip equator, and a temperature maximum on the south side of the equator is collocated with the density maximum of the EIA. The daytime behavior of ETA formation is about the same as that of EIA as both of them are clearly present at around 1300 and 1400 local solar time (LST) only. At 1400 LST the difference between the temperatures at the crest and the trough (ETA strength) reaches a maximum value of about 100°K which is ~14% of the temperature at the trough. Like the EIA, the ETA also suddenly disappears after 1400 LST. Thus the EIA appears to be a prerequisite for the ETA formation. During the premidnight time (2200 LST), however, while the EIA is nonexistent, the temperature distribution forms a pattern opposite to that at 1400 LST in the daytime. It shows a maximum around the dip equator and a broad minimum at the daytime crest region where the postsunset cooling also is faster and occurs earlier than at the dip equator. This nighttime maximum appears to be related to the signature of the midnight temperature maximum (MTM). Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter (MSIS) model temperatures, in general, are higher than the observed average temperatures for the summer season and in particular for the region around the dip equator around noon hours.

Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 thematic mapper band 6 historical performance and calibration

USGS Publications Warehouse

Barsi, J.A.; Chander, G.; Markham, B.L.; Higgs, N.; ,

2005-01-01

Launched in 1982 and 1984 respectively, the Landsat-4 and -5 Thematic Mappers (TM) are the backbone of an extensive archive of moderate resolution Earth imagery. However, these sensors and their data products were not subjected to the type of intensive monitoring that has been part of the Landsat-7 system since its launch in 1999. With Landsat-4's 11 year and Landsat-5's 20+ year data record, there is a need to understand the historical behavior of the instruments in order to verify the scientific integrity of the archive and processed products. Performance indicators of the Landsat-4 and -5 thermal bands have recently been extracted from a processing system database allowing for a more complete study of thermal band characteristics and calibration than was previously possible. The database records responses to the internal calibration system, instrument temperatures and applied gains and offsets for each band for every scene processed through the National Landsat Archive Production System (NLAPS). Analysis of this database has allowed for greater understanding of the calibration and improvement in the processing system. This paper will cover the trends in the Landsat-4 and -5 thermal bands, the effect of the changes seen in the trends, and how these trends affect the use of the thermal data.

Temperature and humidity dependent performance of FBG-strain sensors embedded in carbon/epoxy composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frövel, Malte; Carrión, Gabriel; Gutiérrez, César; Moravec, Carolina; Pintado, José María

2009-03-01

Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors, FBGSs, are very promising for Structural Health Monitoring, SHM, of aerospace vehicles due to their capacity to measure strain and temperature, their lightweight harnesses, their multiplexing capacities and their immunity to electromagnetic interferences, within others. They can be embedded in composite materials that are increasingly forming an important part of aerospace structures. The use of embedded FBGSs for SHM purposes is advantageous, but their response under all operative environmental conditions of an aerospace structure must be well understood for the necessary flight certification of these sensors. This paper describes the first steps ahead for a possible in future flight certification of FBGSs embedded in carbon fiber reinforced plastics, CFRP. The investigation work was focused on the validation of the dependence of the FBGS's strain sensitivity in tensile and compression load, in dry and humid condition and in a temperature range from -150°C to 120°C. The test conditions try to simulate the in service temperature and humidity range and static load condition of military aircraft. FBGSs with acrylic and with polyimide coating have been tested. The FBGSs are embedded in both, unidirectional and quasi isotropic carbon/epoxy composite material namely M21/T800 and also MTM-45-1/IM7. Conventional extensometers and strain gages have been used as reference strain sensors. The performed tests show an influence of the testing temperatures, the dry or wet specimen condition, the load direction and the coating material on the sensor strain sensitivity that should be taken into account when using these sensors.

Monitoring landscape change for LANDFIRE using multi-temporal satellite imagery and ancillary data

Treesearch

James E. Vogelmann; Jay R. Kost; Brian Tolk; Stephen Howard; Karen Short; Xuexia Chen; Chengquan Huang; Kari Pabst; Matthew G. Rollins

2011-01-01

LANDFIRE is a large interagency project designed to provide nationwide spatial data for fire management applications. As part of the effort, many 2000 vintage Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus data sets were used in conjunction with a large volume of field information to generate detailed vegetation type and structure data sets for the entire...

Lightning Mapper Sensor Lens Assembly S.O. 5459: Project Management Plan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zeidler, Janet

1999-01-01

Kaiser Electro-Optics, Inc. (KEO) has developed this Project Management Plan for the Lightning Mapper Sensor (LMS) program. KEO has integrated a team of experts in a structured program management organization to meet the needs of the LMS program. The project plan discusses KEO's approach to critical program elements including Program Management, Quality Assurance, Configuration Management, and Schedule.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 3, part C: System data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Failure reports for flight model-1 of the thematic mapper are summarized showing the symptom and cause of failure as well as the corrective action taken. Each report is keyed to the major subsystem against which the failure occurred. Requests for deviation/waiver are listed by number, description, and current status. Copies of engineering proposals are included.

The OakMapper WebGIS: improved access to sudden oak death spatial data

Treesearch

K. Tuxen; M. Kelly

2008-01-01

Access to timely and accurate sudden oak death (SOD) location data is critical for SOD monitoring, management and research. Several websites (hereafter called the OakMapper sites) associated with sudden oak death monitoring efforts have been maintained with up-todate SOD location information for over five years, providing information and maps of the most current...

Spectroradiometric calibration of the Thematic Mapper and multispectral scanner system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Slater, P. N.; Palmer, J. M. (Principal Investigator)

1985-01-01

The eleventh quarterly report on Spectroradiometric Calibration of the Thematic Mapper (Contract NAS5-27832) discusses calibrations made at White Sands on 24 May 1985. An attempt is made to standardize test results. Critical values used in the final steps of the data reduction and the comparison of the results of the pre-flight and internal calibration (IC) data are summarized.

Using Landsat Thematic Mapper and SPOT Satellite Imagery to inventory wetland plants of the Coeur d'Alene Floodplain

Treesearch

F. M. Roberts; P. E. Gessler

2000-01-01

Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT Satellite Imagery were used to map wetland plant species in thc Coeur d'Alene floodplain in northern Idaho. This paper discusses the methodology used to create a wetland plant species map for the floodplain. Species mapped included common cattail (Typha latifolia); water horse-tail (Equisetum...

Landsat and Thermal Infrared Imaging

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Arvidson, Terry; Barsi, Julia; Jhabvala, Murzy; Reuter, Dennis

2012-01-01

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the collection of thermal images by Landsat sensors already on orbit and to introduce the new thermal sensor to be launched in 2013. The chapter describes the thematic mapper (TM) and enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) sensors, the calibration of their thermal bands, and the design and prelaunch calibration of the new thermal infrared sensor (TIRS).

Distributing FIA Information onto Segmented Landsat Thematic Mapper Images Stratified with Industrial Ground Data

Treesearch

Tripp Lowe; Chris Cieszewski; Michael Zasada; Jarek Zawadzki

2005-01-01

The ability to evaluate the ecological and economical effects of proposed modifications to Georgia's best management practices is an important issue in the State. We have incorporated tabular FIA data with Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images and other spatial data to model Georgia's forested land and assess the area, volume, age, and site quality...

Estuary Data Mapper: A Stand-Alone Tool for Geospatial Data Access, Visualization and Download for Estuaries and Coastal Watersheds of the United States

EPA Science Inventory

The US EPA Estuary Data Mapper (EDM; http://badger.epa.gov/rsig/edm/index.html) has been designed as a free stand-alone tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for estuaries and their associated watersheds in the conterminous United States. EDM requi...

Estuary Data Mapper: A Stand-Alone Tool for Geospatial Data Access, Visualization and Download for Estuaries and Coastal Watersheds of the United States. (UNH)

EPA Science Inventory

The US EPA Estuary Data Mapper (EDM; http://badger.epa.gov/rsig/edm/index.html) has been designed as a free stand-alone tool for geospatial data discovery, visualization, and data download for estuaries and their associated watersheds in the conterminous United States. EDM requi...

AN ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF 1997 LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER DERIVED LAND COVER FOR THE UPPER SAN PEDRO WATERSHED (U.S./MEXICO)

EPA Science Inventory

High-Resolution airborne color video data were used to evaluate the accuracy of a land cover map of the upper San Pedro River watershed, derived from June 1997 Landsat Thematic Mapper data. The land cover map was interpreted and generated by Instituto del Medio Ambiente y el Bes...

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 2, part B: Subsystem data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Summarized performance data are presented for the following major subsystems of the thematic mapper: the focal plane assembly, the radiative cooler, the radiative cooler door assembly, the top optical assembly, and the telescope assembly. Reference lists of the configurations status and of nonconforming material reports, failure reports, and requests for deviation/waiver are included.

1985 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention, Indianapolis, IN, September 8-13, 1985, Technical Papers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1985-01-01

Papers are presented on Landsat image data quality analysis, primary data acquisition, cartography, geodesy, land surveying, and the applications of satellite remote sensing data. Topics discussed include optical scanning and interactive color graphics; the determination of astrolatitudes and astrolongitudes using x, y, z-coordinates on the celestial sphere; raster-based contour plotting from digital elevation models using minicomputers or microcomputers; the operational techniques of the GPS when utilized as a survey instrument; public land surveying and high technology; the use of multitemporal Landsat MSS data for studying forest cover types; interpretation of satellite and aircraft L-band synthetic aperture radar imagery; geological analysismore » of Landsat MSS data; and an interactive real time digital image processing system. Consideration is given to a large format reconnaissance camera; creating an optimized color balance for TM and MSS imagery; band combination selection for visual interpretation of thematic mapper data for resource management; the effect of spatial filtering on scene noise and boundary detail in thematic mapper imagery; the evaluation of the geometric quality of thematic mapper photographic data; and the analysis and correction of Landsat 4 and 5 thematic mapper sensor data.« less

Hyperspectral Image-Based Night-Time Vehicle Light Detection Using Spectral Normalization and Distance Mapper for Intelligent Headlight Control

PubMed Central

Kim, Heekang; Kwon, Soon; Kim, Sungho

2016-01-01

This paper proposes a vehicle light detection method using a hyperspectral camera instead of a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) camera for adaptive car headlamp control. To apply Intelligent Headlight Control (IHC), the vehicle headlights need to be detected. Headlights are comprised from a variety of lighting sources, such as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), High-intensity discharge (HID), and halogen lamps. In addition, rear lamps are made of LED and halogen lamp. This paper refers to the recent research in IHC. Some problems exist in the detection of headlights, such as erroneous detection of street lights or sign lights and the reflection plate of ego-car from CCD or CMOS images. To solve these problems, this study uses hyperspectral images because they have hundreds of bands and provide more information than a CCD or CMOS camera. Recent methods to detect headlights used the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Spectral Correlation Mapper (SCM), and Euclidean Distance Mapper (EDM). The experimental results highlight the feasibility of the proposed method in three types of lights (LED, HID, and halogen). PMID:27399720

PharmMapper 2017 update: a web server for potential drug target identification with a comprehensive target pharmacophore database.

PubMed

Wang, Xia; Shen, Yihang; Wang, Shiwei; Li, Shiliang; Zhang, Weilin; Liu, Xiaofeng; Lai, Luhua; Pei, Jianfeng; Li, Honglin

2017-07-03

The PharmMapper online tool is a web server for potential drug target identification by reversed pharmacophore matching the query compound against an in-house pharmacophore model database. The original version of PharmMapper includes more than 7000 target pharmacophores derived from complex crystal structures with corresponding protein target annotations. In this article, we present a new version of the PharmMapper web server, of which the backend pharmacophore database is six times larger than the earlier one, with a total of 23 236 proteins covering 16 159 druggable pharmacophore models and 51 431 ligandable pharmacophore models. The expanded target data cover 450 indications and 4800 molecular functions compared to 110 indications and 349 molecular functions in our last update. In addition, the new web server is united with the statistically meaningful ranking of the identified drug targets, which is achieved through the use of standard scores. It also features an improved user interface. The proposed web server is freely available at http://lilab.ecust.edu.cn/pharmmapper/. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Unlocking the secrets of Venus surface mineralogy from orbit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Helbert, J.; Maturilli, A.; Ferrari, S.; Dyar, M. D.; Mueller, N. T.; Smrekar, S. E.; Koulen, J.

2016-12-01

The surface composition of a planet is a key to understand its interior and evolution. Proper interpretations of Venus surface observations in the near-infrared require a dedicated laboratory effort. The atmosphere of Venus dictates which spectral bands on the surface can be observed. This places severe constraints on the ability to identify rock-forming minerals. To complicate matters further, we cannot observe reflectance, as would be the standard at 1 mm. Observations are obtained on the night side where the thermal emission of the surface is measured directly. Finally, high surface temperatures are known to affect band positions of mineral spectra as expected from crystal field theory. Over the last year we have started at the Planetary Spectroscopy Laboratory (PSL) at DLR in Berlin, Germany to systematically build a spectral library for rocks and minerals under Venus thermal conditions. Using funding from the European Union as part of the EuroPlanet consortium we extended the spectral coverage for high temperature measurements down to 0.7 micron. The spectral library will be key in understanding and modeling differences in emissivity between ambient and Venus conditions, potentially enabling calibration transfer between datasets. We can show that the expected emissivity variation between felsic and mafic minerals would be observable even with the limited number of surface windows available. Furthermore the absolute emissivity derived from our laboratory measurements at Venus temperature match in situ reflectivity data from the Venera 9 and 10 landing sites in the same bands. Based on experience gained from using the VIRTIS instrument on Venus Express to observe the surface of Venus and the new high temperature laboratory experiments, we have developed the multi-spectral Venus Emissivity Mapper (VEM) to study the surface of Venus. VEM imposes minimal requirements on the spacecraft and mission design and can therefore be added to any future Venus mission. Ideally, the VEM instrument will be combined with a high-resolution radar mapper to provide accurate topographic information, as it will be the case for the proposed NASA Discovery VERITAS mission or the ESA EnVision M5 proposal.

An evaluation of simulated Thematic Mapper data and Landsat MSS data for discriminating suburban and regional land use and land cover

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Toll, D. L.

1984-01-01

An airborne multispectral scanner, operating in the same spectral channels as the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), was used in a region east of Denver, CO, for a simulation test performed in the framework of using TM to discriminate the level I and level II classes. It is noted that at the 30-m spatial resolution of the Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) the overall discrimination for such classes as commercial/industrial land, rangeland, irrigated sod, irrigated alfalfa, and irrigated pasture was superior to that of the Landsat Multispectral Scanner, primarily due to four added spectral bands. For residential and other spectrally heterogeneous classes, however, the higher resolution of TMS resulted in increased variability within the class and a larger spectral overlap.

76 FR 31977 - Public Land Order No. 7768; Extension of Public Land Order No. 6861; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [LLMTB01000-L14300000.ET0000; MTM 79264] Public Land Order No. 7768; Extension of Public Land Order No. 6861; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of Land... and Minerals Management. [FR Doc. 2011-13720 Filed 6-1-11; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE P ...

76 FR 41516 - Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Notification of a Public Meeting; Montana; Correction

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-14

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2013-06-14

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The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) imaging spectrometer for lunar science: Instrument description, calibration, on-orbit measurements, science data calibration and on-orbit validation

USGS Publications Warehouse

Green, R.O.; Pieters, C.; Mouroulis, P.; Eastwood, M.; Boardman, J.; Glavich, T.; Isaacson, P.; Annadurai, M.; Besse, S.; Barr, D.; Buratti, B.; Cate, D.; Chatterjee, A.; Clark, R.; Cheek, L.; Combe, J.; Dhingra, D.; Essandoh, V.; Geier, S.; Goswami, J.N.; Green, R.; Haemmerle, V.; Head, J.; Hovland, L.; Hyman, S.; Klima, R.; Koch, T.; Kramer, G.; Kumar, A.S.K.; Lee, Kenneth; Lundeen, S.; Malaret, E.; McCord, T.; McLaughlin, S.; Mustard, J.; Nettles, J.; Petro, N.; Plourde, K.; Racho, C.; Rodriquez, J.; Runyon, C.; Sellar, G.; Smith, C.; Sobel, H.; Staid, M.; Sunshine, J.; Taylor, L.; Thaisen, K.; Tompkins, S.; Tseng, H.; Vane, G.; Varanasi, P.; White, M.; Wilson, D.

2011-01-01

The NASA Discovery Moon Mineralogy Mapper imaging spectrometer was selected to pursue a wide range of science objectives requiring measurement of composition at fine spatial scales over the full lunar surface. To pursue these objectives, a broad spectral range imaging spectrometer with high uniformity and high signal-to-noise ratio capable of measuring compositionally diagnostic spectral absorption features from a wide variety of known and possible lunar materials was required. For this purpose the Moon Mineralogy Mapper imaging spectrometer was designed and developed that measures the spectral range from 430 to 3000 nm with 10 nm spectral sampling through a 24 degree field of view with 0.7 milliradian spatial sampling. The instrument has a signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 400 for the specified equatorial reference radiance and greater than 100 for the polar reference radiance. The spectral cross-track uniformity is >90% and spectral instantaneous field-of-view uniformity is >90%. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper was launched on Chandrayaan-1 on the 22nd of October. On the 18th of November 2008 the Moon Mineralogy Mapper was turned on and collected a first light data set within 24 h. During this early checkout period and throughout the mission the spacecraft thermal environment and orbital parameters varied more than expected and placed operational and data quality constraints on the measurements. On the 29th of August 2009, spacecraft communication was lost. Over the course of the flight mission 1542 downlinked data sets were acquired that provide coverage of more than 95% of the lunar surface. An end-to-end science data calibration system was developed and all measurements have been passed through this system and delivered to the Planetary Data System (PDS.NASA.GOV). An extensive effort has been undertaken by the science team to validate the Moon Mineralogy Mapper science measurements in the context of the mission objectives. A focused spectral, radiometric, spatial, and uniformity validation effort has been pursued with selected data sets including an Earth-view data set. With this effort an initial validation of the on-orbit performance of the imaging spectrometer has been achieved, including validation of the cross-track spectral uniformity and spectral instantaneous field of view uniformity. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper is the first imaging spectrometer to measure a data set of this kind at the Moon. These calibrated science measurements are being used to address the full set of science goals and objectives for this mission. Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union.

The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) imaging spectrometerfor lunar science: Instrument description, calibration, on‐orbit measurements, science data calibration and on‐orbit validation

USGS Publications Warehouse

C. Pieters,; P. Mouroulis,; M. Eastwood,; J. Boardman,; Green, R.O.; Glavich, T.; Isaacson, P.; Annadurai, M.; Besse, S.; Cate, D.; Chatterjee, A.; Clark, R.; Barr, D.; Cheek, L.; Combe, J.; Dhingra, D.; Essandoh, V.; Geier, S.; Goswami, J.N.; Green, R.; Haemmerle, V.; Head, J.; Hovland, L.; Hyman, S.; Klima, R.; Koch, T.; Kramer, G.; Kumar, A.S.K.; Lee, K.; Lundeen, S.; Malaret, E.; McCord, T.; McLaughlin, S.; Mustard, J.; Nettles, J.; Petro, N.; Plourde, K.; Racho, C.; Rodriguez, J.; Runyon, C.; Sellar, G.; Smith, C.; Sobel, H.; Staid, M.; Sunshine, J.; Taylor, L.; Thaisen, K.; Tompkins, S.; Tseng, H.; Vane, G.; Varanasi, P.; White, M.; Wilson, D.

2011-01-01

The NASA Discovery Moon Mineralogy Mapper imaging spectrometer was selected to pursue a wide range of science objectives requiring measurement of composition at fine spatial scales over the full lunar surface. To pursue these objectives, a broad spectral range imaging spectrometer with high uniformity and high signal-to-noise ratio capable of measuring compositionally diagnostic spectral absorption features from a wide variety of known and possible lunar materials was required. For this purpose the Moon Mineralogy Mapper imaging spectrometer was designed and developed that measures the spectral range from 430 to 3000 nm with 10 nm spectral sampling through a 24 degree field of view with 0.7 milliradian spatial sampling. The instrument has a signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 400 for the specified equatorial reference radiance and greater than 100 for the polar reference radiance. The spectral cross-track uniformity is >90% and spectral instantaneous field-of-view uniformity is >90%. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper was launched on Chandrayaan-1 on the 22nd of October. On the 18th of November 2008 the Moon Mineralogy Mapper was turned on and collected a first light data set within 24 h. During this early checkout period and throughout the mission the spacecraft thermal environment and orbital parameters varied more than expected and placed operational and data quality constraints on the measurements. On the 29th of August 2009, spacecraft communication was lost. Over the course of the flight mission 1542 downlinked data sets were acquired that provide coverage of more than 95% of the lunar surface. An end-to-end science data calibration system was developed and all measurements have been passed through this system and delivered to the Planetary Data System (PDS.NASA.GOV). An extensive effort has been undertaken by the science team to validate the Moon Mineralogy Mapper science measurements in the context of the mission objectives. A focused spectral, radiometric, spatial, and uniformity validation effort has been pursued with selected data sets including an Earth-view data set. With this effort an initial validation of the on-orbit performance of the imaging spectrometer has been achieved, including validation of the cross-track spectral uniformity and spectral instantaneous field of view uniformity. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper is the first imaging spectrometer to measure a data set of this kind at the Moon. These calibrated science measurements are being used to address the full set of science goals and objectives for this mission.

Impacts of extreme climatic events on the energetics of long-lived vertebrates: the case of the greater flamingo facing cold spells in the Camargue.

PubMed

Deville, Anne-Sophie; Labaude, Sophie; Robin, Jean-Patrice; Béchet, Arnaud; Gauthier-Clerc, Michel; Porter, Warren; Fitzpatrick, Megan; Mathewson, Paul; Grémillet, David

2014-10-15

Most studies analyzing the effects of global warming on wild populations focus on gradual temperature changes, yet it is also important to understand the impact of extreme climatic events. Here we studied the effect of two cold spells (January 1985 and February 2012) on the energetics of greater flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) in the Camargue (southern France). To understand the cause of observed flamingo mass mortalities, we first assessed the energy stores of flamingos found dead in February 2012, and compared them with those found in other bird species exposed to cold spells and/or fasting. Second, we evaluated the monthly energy requirements of flamingos across 1980-2012 using the mechanistic model Niche Mapper. Our results show that the body lipids of flamingos found dead in 2012 corresponded to 2.6±0.3% of total body mass, which is close to results found in woodcocks (Scolopax rusticola) that died from starvation during a cold spell (1.7±0.1%), and much lower than in woodcocks which were fed throughout this same cold spell (13.0±2%). Further, Niche Mapper predicted that flamingo energy requirements were highest (+6-7%) during the 1985 and 2012 cold spells compared with 'normal' winters. This increase was primarily driven by cold air temperatures. Overall, our findings strongly suggest that flamingos starved to death during both cold spells. This study demonstrates the relevance of using mechanistic energetics modelling and body condition analyses to understand and predict the impact of extreme climatic events on animal energy balance and winter survival probabilities. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

PFGE MAPPER and PFGE READER: two tools to aid in the analysis and data input of pulse field gel electrophoresis maps.

PubMed Central

Shifman, M. A.; Nadkarni, P.; Miller, P. L.

1992-01-01

Pulse field gel electrophoresis mapping is an important technique for characterizing large segments of DNA. We have developed two tools to aid in the construction of pulse field electrophoresis gel maps: PFGE READER which stores experimental conditions and calculates fragment sizes and PFGE MAPPER which constructs pulse field gel electrophoresis maps. PMID:1482898

Results of 17 Independent Geopositional Accuracy Assessments of Earth Satellite Corporation's GeoCover Landsat Thematic Mapper Imagery. Geopositional Accuracy Validation of Orthorectified Landsat TM Imagery: Northeast Asia

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Charles M.

2003-01-01

This report provides results of an independent assessment of the geopositional accuracy of the Earth Satellite (EarthSat) Corporation's GeoCover, Orthorectified Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery over Northeast Asia. This imagery was purchased through NASA's Earth Science Enterprise (ESE) Scientific Data Purchase (SDP) program.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part C: Power supply data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

The acceptance test data package for the thematic mapper flight model power supply was reviewed and the data compared to the relevant specification. The power supply was found to be within specification. Final test data for outut voltage regulation and ripple, efficiency, over and undervoltage protection, telemetry, impedances, turn-on requirements, and input current limits are presented.

Comparison of mapping algorithms used in high-throughput sequencing: application to Ion Torrent data

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background The rapid evolution in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies has opened up new perspectives in several research fields and led to the production of large volumes of sequence data. A fundamental step in HTS data analysis is the mapping of reads onto reference sequences. Choosing a suitable mapper for a given technology and a given application is a subtle task because of the difficulty of evaluating mapping algorithms. Results In this paper, we present a benchmark procedure to compare mapping algorithms used in HTS using both real and simulated datasets and considering four evaluation criteria: computational resource and time requirements, robustness of mapping, ability to report positions for reads in repetitive regions, and ability to retrieve true genetic variation positions. To measure robustness, we introduced a new definition for a correctly mapped read taking into account not only the expected start position of the read but also the end position and the number of indels and substitutions. We developed CuReSim, a new read simulator, that is able to generate customized benchmark data for any kind of HTS technology by adjusting parameters to the error types. CuReSim and CuReSimEval, a tool to evaluate the mapping quality of the CuReSim simulated reads, are freely available. We applied our benchmark procedure to evaluate 14 mappers in the context of whole genome sequencing of small genomes with Ion Torrent data for which such a comparison has not yet been established. Conclusions A benchmark procedure to compare HTS data mappers is introduced with a new definition for the mapping correctness as well as tools to generate simulated reads and evaluate mapping quality. The application of this procedure to Ion Torrent data from the whole genome sequencing of small genomes has allowed us to validate our benchmark procedure and demonstrate that it is helpful for selecting a mapper based on the intended application, questions to be addressed, and the technology used. This benchmark procedure can be used to evaluate existing or in-development mappers as well as to optimize parameters of a chosen mapper for any application and any sequencing platform. PMID:24708189

Analysis of relationships between land surface temperature and land use changes in the Yellow River Delta

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ning, Jicai; Gao, Zhiqiang; Meng, Ran; Xu, Fuxiang; Gao, Meng

2018-06-01

This study analyzed land use and land cover changes and their impact on land surface temperature using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor imagery of the Yellow River Delta. Six Landsat images comprising two time series were used to calculate the land surface temperature and correlated vegetation indices. The Yellow River Delta area has expanded substantially because of the deposited sediment carried from upstream reaches of the river. Between 1986 and 2015, approximately 35% of the land use area of the Yellow River Delta has been transformed into salterns and aquaculture ponds. Overall, land use conversion has occurred primarily from poorly utilized land into highly utilized land. To analyze the variation of land surface temperature, a mono-window algorithm was applied to retrieve the regional land surface temperature. The results showed bilinear correlation between land surface temperature and the vegetation indices (i.e., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Adjusted-Normalized Vegetation Index, Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index, and Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index). Generally, values of the vegetation indices greater than the inflection point mean the land surface temperature and the vegetation indices are correlated negatively, and vice versa. Land surface temperature in coastal areas is affected considerably by local seawater temperature and weather conditions.

Hadoop-MCC: Efficient Multiple Compound Comparison Algorithm Using Hadoop.

PubMed

Hua, Guan-Jie; Hung, Che-Lun; Tang, Chuan Yi

2018-01-01

In the past decade, the drug design technologies have been improved enormously. The computer-aided drug design (CADD) has played an important role in analysis and prediction in drug development, which makes the procedure more economical and efficient. However, computation with big data, such as ZINC containing more than 60 million compounds data and GDB-13 with more than 930 million small molecules, is a noticeable issue of time-consuming problem. Therefore, we propose a novel heterogeneous high performance computing method, named as Hadoop-MCC, integrating Hadoop and GPU, to copy with big chemical structure data efficiently. Hadoop-MCC gains the high availability and fault tolerance from Hadoop, as Hadoop is used to scatter input data to GPU devices and gather the results from GPU devices. Hadoop framework adopts mapper/reducer computation model. In the proposed method, mappers response for fetching SMILES data segments and perform LINGO method on GPU, then reducers collect all comparison results produced by mappers. Due to the high availability of Hadoop, all of LINGO computational jobs on mappers can be completed, even if some of the mappers encounter problems. A comparison of LINGO is performed on each the GPU device in parallel. According to the experimental results, the proposed method on multiple GPU devices can achieve better computational performance than the CUDA-MCC on a single GPU device. Hadoop-MCC is able to achieve scalability, high availability, and fault tolerance granted by Hadoop, and high performance as well by integrating computational power of both of Hadoop and GPU. It has been shown that using the heterogeneous architecture as Hadoop-MCC effectively can enhance better computational performance than on a single GPU device. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

The Deep Space Gateway Lightning Mapper (DLM) - Monitoring Global Change and Thunderstorm Processes Through Observations of Earth's High-Latitude Lightning from Cis-Lunar Orbit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lang, Timothy; Blakeslee, R. J.; Cecil, D. J.; Christian, H. J.; Gatlin, P. N.; Goodman, S. J.; Koshak, W. J.; Petersen, W. A.; Quick, M.; Schultz, C. J.;

Quality Control Methodologies for Advanced EMI Sensor Data Acquisition and Anomaly Classification - Former Southwestern Proving Ground, Arkansas

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-07-01

concentrations. A total of 11.23 acres of dynamic surveys were conducted using MetalMapper advanced electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor. A total of...centimeter DGM digital geophysical mapping DSB Defense Science Board EE/CA Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis EMI electromagnetic induction...performed a live site demonstration project using the Geometrics MetalMapper advanced electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor at the former

An Object-Oriented View of Backend Databases in a Mobile Environment for Navy and Marine Corps Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-09-01

Each of these layers will be described in more detail to include relevant technologies ( Java , PDA, Hibernate , and PostgreSQL) used to implement...Logic Layer -Object-Relational Mapper ( Hibernate ) Data 35 capable in order to interface with Java applications. Based on meeting the selection...further discussed. Query List Application Logic Layer HibernateApache - Java Servlet - Hibernate Interface -OR Mapper -RDBMS Interface

Airborne Topographic Mapper Calibration Procedures and Accuracy Assessment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, Chreston F.; Krabill, William B.; Manizade, Serdar S.; Russell, Rob L.; Sonntag, John G.; Swift, Robert N.; Yungel, James K.

2012-01-01

Description of NASA Airborn Topographic Mapper (ATM) lidar calibration procedures including analysis of the accuracy and consistancy of various ATM instrument parameters and the resulting influence on topographic elevation measurements. The ATM elevations measurements from a nominal operating altitude 500 to 750 m above the ice surface was found to be: Horizontal Accuracy 74 cm, Horizontal Precision 14 cm, Vertical Accuracy 6.6 cm, Vertical Precision 3 cm.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 3, part B: System data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Procedures and results are presented for performance and systems integration tests of flight model-1 thematic mapper. Aspects considered cover electronic module integration, radiometric calibration, spectral matching, spatial coverage, radiometric calibration of the calibrator, coherent noise, dynamic square wave response, band to band registration, geometric accuracy, and self induced vibration. Thermal vacuum tests, EMI/EMS, and mass properties are included. Liens are summarized.

Modeling energy flow and nutrient cycling in natural semiarid grassland ecosystems with the aid of thematic mapper data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lewis, James K.

1987-01-01

Energy flow and nutrient cycling were modeled as affected by herbivory on selected intensive sites along gradients of precipitation and soils, validating the model output by monitoring selected parameters with data derived from the Thematic Mapper (TM). Herbivore production was modeled along the gradient of soils and herbivory, and validated with data derived from TM in a spatial data base.

Validation of a Mechanistic Model for Non-Invasive Study of Ecological Energetics in an Endangered Wading Bird with Counter-Current Heat Exchange in its Legs.

PubMed

Fitzpatrick, Megan J; Mathewson, Paul D; Porter, Warren P

2015-01-01

Mechanistic models provide a powerful, minimally invasive tool for gaining a deeper understanding of the ecology of animals across geographic space and time. In this paper, we modified and validated the accuracy of the mechanistic model Niche Mapper for simulating heat exchanges of animals with counter-current heat exchange mechanisms in their legs and animals that wade in water. We then used Niche Mapper to explore the effects of wading and counter-current heat exchange on the energy expenditures of Whooping Cranes, a long-legged wading bird. We validated model accuracy against the energy expenditure of two captive Whooping Cranes measured using the doubly-labeled water method and time energy budgets. Energy expenditure values modeled by Niche Mapper were similar to values measured by the doubly-labeled water method and values estimated from time-energy budgets. Future studies will be able to use Niche Mapper as a non-invasive tool to explore energy-based limits to the fundamental niche of Whooping Cranes and apply this knowledge to management decisions. Basic questions about the importance of counter-current exchange and wading to animal physiological tolerances can also now be explored with the model.

Validation of a Mechanistic Model for Non-Invasive Study of Ecological Energetics in an Endangered Wading Bird with Counter-Current Heat Exchange in its Legs

PubMed Central

Fitzpatrick, Megan J.; Mathewson, Paul D.; Porter, Warren P.

2015-01-01

Mechanistic models provide a powerful, minimally invasive tool for gaining a deeper understanding of the ecology of animals across geographic space and time. In this paper, we modified and validated the accuracy of the mechanistic model Niche Mapper for simulating heat exchanges of animals with counter-current heat exchange mechanisms in their legs and animals that wade in water. We then used Niche Mapper to explore the effects of wading and counter-current heat exchange on the energy expenditures of Whooping Cranes, a long-legged wading bird. We validated model accuracy against the energy expenditure of two captive Whooping Cranes measured using the doubly-labeled water method and time energy budgets. Energy expenditure values modeled by Niche Mapper were similar to values measured by the doubly-labeled water method and values estimated from time-energy budgets. Future studies will be able to use Niche Mapper as a non-invasive tool to explore energy-based limits to the fundamental niche of Whooping Cranes and apply this knowledge to management decisions. Basic questions about the importance of counter-current exchange and wading to animal physiological tolerances can also now be explored with the model. PMID:26308207

PepMapper: a collaborative web tool for mapping epitopes from affinity-selected peptides.

PubMed

Chen, Wenhan; Guo, William W; Huang, Yanxin; Ma, Zhiqiang

2012-01-01

Epitope mapping from affinity-selected peptides has become popular in epitope prediction, and correspondingly many Web-based tools have been developed in recent years. However, the performance of these tools varies in different circumstances. To address this problem, we employed an ensemble approach to incorporate two popular Web tools, MimoPro and Pep-3D-Search, together for taking advantages offered by both methods so as to give users more options for their specific purposes of epitope-peptide mapping. The combined operation of Union finds as many associated peptides as possible from both methods, which increases sensitivity in finding potential epitopic regions on a given antigen surface. The combined operation of Intersection achieves to some extent the mutual verification by the two methods and hence increases the likelihood of locating the genuine epitopic region on a given antigen in relation to the interacting peptides. The Consistency between Intersection and Union is an indirect sufficient condition to assess the likelihood of successful peptide-epitope mapping. On average from 27 tests, the combined operations of PepMapper outperformed either MimoPro or Pep-3D-Search alone. Therefore, PepMapper is another multipurpose mapping tool for epitope prediction from affinity-selected peptides. The Web server can be freely accessed at: http://informatics.nenu.edu.cn/PepMapper/

Efficient Moment-Based Inference of Admixture Parameters and Sources of Gene Flow

PubMed Central

Levin, Alex; Reich, David; Patterson, Nick; Berger, Bonnie

2013-01-01

The recent explosion in available genetic data has led to significant advances in understanding the demographic histories of and relationships among human populations. It is still a challenge, however, to infer reliable parameter values for complicated models involving many populations. Here, we present MixMapper, an efficient, interactive method for constructing phylogenetic trees including admixture events using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data. MixMapper implements a novel two-phase approach to admixture inference using moment statistics, first building an unadmixed scaffold tree and then adding admixed populations by solving systems of equations that express allele frequency divergences in terms of mixture parameters. Importantly, all features of the model, including topology, sources of gene flow, branch lengths, and mixture proportions, are optimized automatically from the data and include estimates of statistical uncertainty. MixMapper also uses a new method to express branch lengths in easily interpretable drift units. We apply MixMapper to recently published data for Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel individuals genotyped on a SNP array designed especially for use in population genetics studies, obtaining confident results for 30 populations, 20 of them admixed. Notably, we confirm a signal of ancient admixture in European populations—including previously undetected admixture in Sardinians and Basques—involving a proportion of 20–40% ancient northern Eurasian ancestry. PMID:23709261

IRTM brightness temperature maps of the Martian south polar region during the polar night: The cold spots don't move

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Paige, D. A.; Crisp, D.; Santee, M. L.; Richardson, M. I.

1993-01-01

A series of infrared thermal mapper (IRTM) south polar brightness temperature maps obtained by Viking Orbiter 2 during a 35-day period during the southern fall season in 1978 was examined. The maps show a number of phenomena that have been identified in previous studies, including day to day brightness temperature variations in individual low temperature regions and the tendency for IRTM 11-micron channel brightness temperatures to also decrease in regions where low 20-micron channel brightness temperatures are observed. The maps also show new phenomena, the most striking of which is a clear tendency for the low brightness temperature regions to occur at fixed geographic regions. During this season, the coldest low brightness temperatures appear to be concentrated in distinct regions, with spatial scales ranging from 50 to 300 km. There are approximately a dozen of these concentrations, with the largest centered near the location of the south residual polar cap. Other concentrations are located at Cavi Angusti and close to the craters Main, South, Lau, and Dana. Broader, less intense regions appear to be well correlated with the boundaries of the south polar layered deposits and the Mountains of Mitchell. No evidence for horizontal motion of any of these regions has been detected.

METHYLATION OF ARSENIC BY RECOMBINANT HUMAN AS3MT/287M AND AS3MT/287T POLYMORPHS

EPA Science Inventory

Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the key enzyme in the pathway for methylation of inorganic arsenic (iAs). AS3MT polymorphism is, in part, responsible for interindividual differences in iAs metabolism. AS3MT/M287T polymorphism that is found in ~ 10% of C...

Evaluation of FFTF fuel pin design procedure vis-a-vis steady state irradiation performance in EBR II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jackson, R.J.

1976-11-01

The FFTF fuel pin design analysis is shown to be conservative through comparison with pin irradiation experience in EBR-II. This comparison shows that the actual lifetimes of EBR-II fuel pins are either greater than 80,000 MWd/MTM or greater than the calculated allowable lifetimes based on thermal creep strain.

77 FR 46111 - Public Land Order No. 7792; Partial Revocation, Power Site Reserve No. 109; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-02

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of land management [MT-LLB05000-LL14300000-FQ0000; MTM 40412] Public Land Order No. 7792; Partial Revocation, Power Site Reserve No. 109; Montana AGENCY: Bureau of...--Policy, Management and Budget. [FR Doc. 2012-18888 Filed 8-1-12; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4310-DN-P ...

Geologic Map of the Olympia Cavi Region of Mars (MTM 85200): A Summary of Tactical Approaches

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Herkenhoff, K.

2010-01-01

The 1:500K-scale geologic map of MTM 85200 - the Olympia Cavi region of Mars - has been submitted for peer review [1]. Physiographically, the quadrangle includes portions of Olympia Rupes, a set of sinuous scarps which elevate Planum Boreum 800 meters above Olympia Planum. The region includes the high-standing, spiral troughs of Boreales Scopuli, the rugged and deep depressions of Olympia Cavi, and the vast dune fields of Olympia Undae. Geologically, the mapped units and landforms reflect the recent history of repeated accumulation and degradation. The widespread occurrence of both weakly and strongly stratified units implicates the drape-like accumulation of ice, dust, and sand through climatic variations. Similarly, the occurrence of layer truncations, particularly at unit boundaries, implicates punctuated periods of both localized and regional erosion and surface deflation whereby underlying units were exhumed and their material transported and re-deposited. Herein, we focus on the iterative mapping approaches that allowed not only the accommodation of the burgeoning variety and volume of data sets, but also facilitated the efficient presentation of map information. Unit characteristics and their geologic history are detailed in past abstracts [2-3].

Reduction of the spatially mutual coupling between dual-polarized patch antennas using coupled metamaterial slabs.

PubMed

Pan, Bai Cao; Tang, Wen Xuan; Qi, Mei Qing; Ma, Hui Feng; Tao, Zui; Cui, Tie Jun

2016-07-22

Mutual coupling inside antenna array is usually caused by two routes: signal leakage via conducting currents on the metallic background or surface wave along substrates; radio leakage received from space between antenna elements. The former one can be depressed by changing the distribution of surface currents, as reported in literatures. But when it comes to the latter one, the radiation-leakage-caused coupling, traditional approaches using circuit manipulation may be inefficient. In this article, we propose and design a new type of decoupling module, which is composed of coupled metamaterial (MTM) slabs. Two classes of MTM particles, the interdigital structure (IS) and the split-ring resonators (SRRs), are adopted to provide the first and second modulations of signal. We validate its function to reduce the radiation leakage between two dual-polarized patch antennas. A prototype is fabricated in a volume with subwavelength scale (0.6λ × 0.3λ × 0.053λ) to provide 7dB improvement for both co-polarization and cross-polarization isolations from 1.95 to 2.2 GHz. The design has good potential for wireless communication and radar systems.

Reduction of the spatially mutual coupling between dual-polarized patch antennas using coupled metamaterial slabs

PubMed Central

Pan, Bai Cao; Tang, Wen Xuan; Qi, Mei Qing; Ma, Hui Feng; Tao, Zui; Cui, Tie Jun

2016-01-01

Mutual coupling inside antenna array is usually caused by two routes: signal leakage via conducting currents on the metallic background or surface wave along substrates; radio leakage received from space between antenna elements. The former one can be depressed by changing the distribution of surface currents, as reported in literatures. But when it comes to the latter one, the radiation-leakage-caused coupling, traditional approaches using circuit manipulation may be inefficient. In this article, we propose and design a new type of decoupling module, which is composed of coupled metamaterial (MTM) slabs. Two classes of MTM particles, the interdigital structure (IS) and the split-ring resonators (SRRs), are adopted to provide the first and second modulations of signal. We validate its function to reduce the radiation leakage between two dual-polarized patch antennas. A prototype is fabricated in a volume with subwavelength scale (0.6λ × 0.3λ × 0.053λ) to provide 7dB improvement for both co-polarization and cross-polarization isolations from 1.95 to 2.2 GHz. The design has good potential for wireless communication and radar systems. PMID:27444147

Mapping permafrost in the boreal forest with Thematic Mapper satellite data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morrissey, L. A.; Strong, L. L.; Card, D. H.

1986-01-01

A geographic data base incorporating Landsat TM data was used to develop and evaluate logistic discriminant functions for predicting the distribution of permafrost in a boreal forest watershed. The data base included both satellite-derived information and ancillary map data. Five permafrost classifications were developed from a stratified random sample of the data base and evaluated by comparison with a photo-interpreted permafrost map using contingency table analysis and soil temperatures recorded at sites within the watershed. A classification using a TM thermal band and a TM-derived vegetation map as independent variables yielded the highest mapping accuracy for all permafrost categories.

Titan's surface from the Cassini RADAR radiometry data during SAR mode

USGS Publications Warehouse

Paganelli, F.; Janssen, M.A.; Lopes, R.M.; Stofan, E.; Wall, S.D.; Lorenz, R.D.; Lunine, J.I.; Kirk, R.L.; Roth, L.; Elachi, C.

2008-01-01

We present initial results on the calibration and interpretation of the high-resolution radiometry data acquired during the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mode (SAR-radiometry) of the Cassini Radar Mapper during its first five flybys of Saturn's moon Titan. We construct maps of the brightness temperature at the 2-cm wavelength coincident with SAR swath imaging. A preliminary radiometry calibration shows that brightness temperature in these maps varies from 64 to 89 K. Surface features and physical properties derived from the SAR-radiometry maps and SAR imaging are strongly correlated; in general, we find that surface features with high radar reflectivity are associated with radiometrically cold regions, while surface features with low radar reflectivity correlate with radiometrically warm regions. We examined scatterplots of the normalized radar cross-section ??0 versus brightness temperature, outlining signatures that characterize various terrains and surface features. The results indicate that volume scattering is important in many areas of Titan's surface, particularly Xanadu, while other areas exhibit complex brightness temperature variations consistent with variable slopes or surface material and compositional properties. ?? 2007.

Earth Observatory Satellite system definition study. Report no. 5: System design and specifications. Part 2: Ground system element specifications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

The Ground System requirements for the Land Resources Management (LRM) type-A and type-B missions of the Earth Observatory Satellite (EOS) program are presented. Specifications for the Thematic Mapper data processing are provided (LRM A mission). The specifications also cover the R and D instruments (Thematic Mapper and High Resolution Pointable Imager) data processing for the LRM type-B mission.

Processing and analysis of commercial satellite image data of the nuclear accident near Chernobyl, U.S.S.R.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sadowski, Franklin G.; Covington, Steven J.

1987-01-01

Advanced digital processing techniques were applied to Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data and SPOT highresolution visible (HRV) panchromatic data to maximize the utility of images of a nuclear powerplant emergency at Chernobyl in the Soviet Ukraine. The images demonstrate the unique interpretive capabilities provided by the numerous spectral bands of the Thematic Mapper and the high spatial resolution of the SPOT HRV sensor.

A preliminary comparison of Landsat Thematic Mapper and SPOT-1 HRV multispectral data for estimating coniferous forest volume

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ripple, W. J.; Wang, S.; Isaacson, D. L.; Paine, D. P.

1991-01-01

Digital Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT high-resolution visible (HRV) images of coniferous forest canopies were compared in their relationship to forest wood volume using correlation and regression analyses. Significant inverse relationships were found between softwood volume and the spectral bands from both sensors (P less than 0.01). The highest correlations were between the log of softwood volume and the near-infrared bands.

LANDSAT D to test thematic mapper, inaugurate operational system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

NASA will launch the Landsat D spacecraft on July 9, 1982 aboard a new, up-rated Delta 3920 expendable launch vehicle. LANDSAT D will incorporate two highly sophisticated sensors; the flight proven multispectral scanner; and a new instrument expected to advance considerably the remote sensing capabilities of Earth resources satellites. The new sensor, the thematic mapper, provides data in seven spectral (light) bands with greatly improved spectral, spatial and radiometric resolution.

Thematic Mapper: Design through flight evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

LANDSAT 4 and 5, launched in 1982 and 1984, not only carried the Thematic Mapper, but were redesigned to handle the increased data rates associated with it, and to communicate that data to Earth via geosynchronous orbiting Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TDRS). The TM development program is summarized. A brief historical perspective is presented of the evolution of design requirements and hardware development. The basic performance parameters that serve as sensor design guidelines are presented.

Thematic mapper flight model preshipment review data package. Volume 4: Appendix. Part B: Scan mirror assembly data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1982-01-01

Data from the thematic mapper scan mirror assembly (SMA) acceptance test are presented. Documentation includes: (1) a list of the acceptance test discrepancies; (2) flight 1 SMA test data book; (3) flight 1 SMA environmental report; (4) the configuration verification index; (5) the flight 1 SMA test failure reports; (6) the flight 1 data tapes log; and (7) the requests for deviation/waivers.

Table Rock Lake Water-Clarity Assessment Using Landsat Thematic Mapper Satellite Data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Krizanich, Gary; Finn, Michael P.

2009-01-01

Water quality of Table Rock Lake in southwestern Missouri is assessed using Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite data. A pilot study uses multidate satellite image scenes in conjunction with physical measurements of secchi disk transparency collected by the Lakes of Missouri Volunteer Program to construct a regression model used to estimate water clarity. The natural log of secchi disk transparency is the dependent variable in the regression and the independent variables are Thematic Mapper band 1 (blue) reflectance and a ratio of the band 1 and band 3 (red) reflectance. The regression model can be used to reliably predict water clarity anywhere within the lake. A pixel-level lake map of predicted water clarity or computed trophic state can be produced from the model output. Information derived from this model can be used by water-resource managers to assess water quality and evaluate effects of changes in the watershed on water quality.

Analysis of thematic mapper simulator data collected over eastern North Dakota

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Anderson, J. E. (Principal Investigator)

1982-01-01

The results of the analysis of aircraft-acquired thematic mapper simulator (TMS) data, collected to investigate the utility of thematic mapper data in crop area and land cover estimates, are discussed. Results of the analysis indicate that the seven-channel TMS data are capable of delineating the 13 crop types included in the study to an overall pixel classification accuracy of 80.97% correct, with relative efficiencies for four crop types examined between 1.62 and 26.61. Both supervised and unsupervised spectral signature development techniques were evaluated. The unsupervised methods proved to be inferior (based on analysis of variance) for the majority of crop types considered. Given the ground truth data set used for spectral signature development as well as evaluation of performance, it is possible to demonstrate which signature development technique would produce the highest percent correct classification for each crop type.

Evaluation of spatial, radiometric and spectral thematic mapper performance for coastal studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Klemas, V.

1985-01-01

The main emphasis of the research was to determine what effect different wetland plant canopies would have upon observed reflectance in Thematic Mapper bands. The three major vegetation canopy types (broadleaf, gramineous and leafless) produce unique spectral responses for a similar quantity of live biomass. Biomass estimates computed from spectral data were most similar to biomass estimates determined from harvest data when models developed for a specific canopy were used. In other words, the spectral biomass estimate of a broadleaf canopy was most similar to the harvest biomass estimate when a broadleaf canopy radiance model was used. Work is continuing to more precisely determine regression coefficients for each canopy type and to model the change in the coefficients with various combinations of canopy types. Researchers suspect that textural and spatial considerations can be used to identify canopy types and improve biomass estimates from Thematic Mapper data.

Use of laser range finders and range image analysis in automated assembly tasks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alvertos, Nicolas; Dcunha, Ivan

1990-01-01

A proposition to study the effect of filtering processes on range images and to evaluate the performance of two different laser range mappers is made. Median filtering was utilized to remove noise from the range images. First and second order derivatives are then utilized to locate the similarities and dissimilarities between the processed and the original images. Range depth information is converted into spatial coordinates, and a set of coefficients which describe 3-D objects is generated using the algorithm developed in the second phase of this research. Range images of spheres and cylinders are used for experimental purposes. An algorithm was developed to compare the performance of two different laser range mappers based upon the range depth information of surfaces generated by each of the mappers. Furthermore, an approach based on 2-D analytic geometry is also proposed which serves as a basis for the recognition of regular 3-D geometric objects.

Tectonic evaluation of the Nubian shield of Northeastern Sudan using thematic mapper imagery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Bechtel is nearing completion of a one-year program that uses digitally enhanced LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) data to compile the first comprehensive regional tectonic map of the Proterozoic Nubian Shield exposed in the northern Red Sea Hills of northeastern Sudan. The status of significant objectives of this study are given. Pertinent published and unpublished geologic literature and maps of the northern Red Sea Hills to establish the geologic framework of the region were reviewed. Thematic mapper imagery for optimal base-map enhancements was processed. Photo mosaics of enhanced images to serve as base maps for compilation of geologic information were completed. Interpretation of TM imagery to define and delineate structural and lithogologic provinces was completed. Geologic information (petrologic, and radiometric data) was compiled from the literature review onto base-map overlays. Evaluation of the tectonic evolution of the Nubian Shield based on the image interpretation and the compiled tectonic maps is continuing.

Improved outgassing models for the Landsat-5 thematic mapper

USGS Publications Warehouse

Micijevic, E.; Chander, G.; Hayes, R.W.

2007-01-01

The Landsat-5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) detectors of the short wave infrared (SWIR) bands 5 and 7 are maintained on cryogenic temperatures to minimize thermal noise and allow adequate detection of scene energy. Over the instrument's lifetime, gain oscillations are observed in these bands that are caused by an ice-like contaminant that gradually builds up on the window of a dewar that houses these bands' detectors. This process of icing, an effect of material outgassing in space, is detected and characterized through observations of Internal Calibrator (IC) data. Analyses of IC data indicated three to five percent uncertainty in absolute gain estimates due to this icing phenomenon. The thin-film interference lifetime models implemented in the image product generation systems at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) successfully remove up to 80 percent of the icing effects for the image acquisition period from the satellite's launch in 1984 until 2001; however, their correction ability was found to be much lower for the time thereafter. This study concentrates on improving the estimates of the contaminant film growth rate and the associated change in the period of gain oscillations. The goal is to provide model parameters with the potential to correct 70 to 80 percent of gain uncertainties caused by outgassing effects in L5 TM bands 5 and 7 over the instrument's entire lifetime. ?? 2007 IEEE.

Improved outgassing models for the Landsat-5 thematic mapper

USGS Publications Warehouse

Micijevic, E.; Chander, G.; Hayes, R.W.

2008-01-01

The Landsat-5 (L5) Thematic Mapper (TM) detectors of the short wave infrared (SWIR) bands 5 and 7 are maintained on cryogenic temperatures to minimize thermal noise and allow adequate detection of scene energy. Over the instrument's lifetime, gain oscillations are observed in these bands that are caused by an ice-like contaminant that gradually builds up on the window of a dewar that houses these bands' detectors. This process of icing, an effect of material outgassing in space, is detected and characterized through observations of Internal Calibrator (IC) data. Analyses of IC data indicated three to five percent uncertainty in absolute gain estimates due to this icing phenomenon. The thin-film interference lifetime models implemented in the image product generation systems at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Center for Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) successfully remove up to 80 percent of the icing effects for the image acquisition period from the satellite's launch in 1984 until 2001; however, their correction ability was found to be much lower for the time thereafter. This study concentrates on improving the estimates of the contaminant film growth rate and the associated change in the period of gain oscillations. The goal is to provide model parameters with the potential to correct 70 to 80 percent of gain uncertainties caused by outgassing effects in L5 TM bands 5 and 7 over the instrument's entire lifetime. ?? 2007 IEEE.

Detection of surface temperature from LANDSAT-7/ETM+

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suga, Y.; Ogawa, H.; Ohno, K.; Yamada, K.

Hiroshima Institute of Technology (HIT) in Japan has established LANDSAT-7 Ground Station in cooperated with NASDA for receiving and processing the ETM+ data on March 15t h , 2000 in Japan. The authors performed a verification study on the surface temperature derived from thermal infrared band image data of LANDSAT- 7/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) for the estimation of the thermal condition around Hiroshima City and Bay area in the western part of Japan as a test site. As to the thermal infrared band, the approximate functions for converting the spectral radiance into the surface temperature are estimated by considering both typical surface temperatures measured by the simultaneous field survey with the satellite observation and the spectral radiance observed by ETM+ band 6, and then the estimation of the surface temperature distribution around the test site was examined. In this paper, the authors estimated the surface temperature distribution equivalent to the land cover types around Hiroshima City and Bay area. For the further study, the authors performed the modification of approximate functions for converting the spectral radiance into the surface temperature by the field and satellite observation throughout a year and the development of various monitoring systems for the environmental issues such as the sea surface anomalies and heat island phenomena.

Temperature trends and Urban Heat Island intensity mapping of the Las Vegas valley area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Black, Adam Leland

Modified urban climate regions that are warmer than rural areas at night are referred to as Urban Heat Islands or UHI. Islands of warmer air over a city can be 12 degrees Celsius greater than the surrounding cooler air. The exponential growth in Las Vegas for the last two decades provides an opportunity to detect gradual temperature changes influenced by an increasing presence of urban materials. This thesis compares ground based thermometric observations and satellite based remote sensing temperature observations to identify temperature trends and UHI areas caused by urban development. Analysis of temperature trends between 2000 and 2010 at ground weather stations has revealed a general cooling trend in the Las Vegas region. Results show that urban development accompanied by increased vegetation has a cooling effect in arid climates. Analysis of long term temperature trends at McCarran and Nellis weather stations show 2.4 K and 1.2 K rise in temperature over the last 60 years. The ground weather station temperature data is related to the land surface temperature images from the Landsat Thematic Mapper to estimate and evaluate urban heat island intensity for Las Vegas. Results show that spatial and temporal trends of temperature are related to the gradual change in urban landcover. UHI are mainly observed at the airport and in the industrial areas. This research provides useful insight into the temporal behavior of the Las Vegas area.

The influence of urban heat islands and socioeconomic factors on the spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti larval habitats.

PubMed

De Azevedo, Thiago S; Bourke, Brian Patrick; Piovezan, Rafael; Sallum, Maria Anice M

2018-05-08

We addressed the potential associations among the temporal and spatial distribution of larval habitats of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti, the presence of urban heat islands and socioeconomic factors. Data on larval habitats were collected in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, São Paulo, Brazil, from 2004 to 2006, and spatial and temporal variations were analysed using a wavelet-based approach. We quantified urban heat islands by calculating surface temperatures using the results of wavelet analyses and grey level transformation from Thematic Mapper images (Landsat 5). Ae. aegypti larval habitats were geo-referenced corresponding to the wavelet analyses to test the potential association between geographical distribution of habitats and surface temperature. In an inhomogeneous spatial point process, we estimated the frequency of occurrence of larval habitats in relation to temperature. The São Paulo State Social Vulnerability Index in the municipality of Santa Barbára d'Oeste was used to test the potential association between presence of larval habitats and social vulnerability. We found abundant Ae. aegypti larval habitats in areas of higher surface temperature and social vulnerability and fewer larval habitats in areas with lower surface temperature and social vulnerability.

Remote sensing of ephemeral water bodies in western Niger

USGS Publications Warehouse

Verdin, J.P.

1996-01-01

Research was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of monitoring the small ephemeral water bodies of the Sahel with the 1.1 km resolution data of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). Twenty-one lakes of western Niger with good ground observation records were selected for examination. Thematic Mapper images from 1988 were first analysed to determine surface areas and temperature differences between water and adjacent land. Six AVHRR scenes from the 1988-89 dry season were then studied. It was found that a lake can be monitored until its surface area drops below 10 ha, in most cases. Furthermore, with prior knowledge of the location and shape of a water body, its surface area can be estimated from AVHRR band 5 data to within about 10 ha. These results are explained by the sharp temperature contrast between water and land, on the order of 13?? C.

Methylation of Arsenic by Recombinant Human Wild-Type Arsenic (+3 Oxidation State) Methyltransferase and its Methionine 287 Threonine (M287T) Polymorph

EPA Science Inventory

ABSTRACT Arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) is the key enzyme in the pathway for methylation of arsenicals. A common polymorphism in the AS3MT gene that replaces a threonyl residue in position 287 with a methionyl residue (AS3MT/M287T) occurs at a frequency...

Geologic Mapping in Southern Margaritifer Terra

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Irwin, R. P., III; Grant, J. A.

2010-01-01

Margaritifer Terra records a complex geologic history [1-5], and the area from Holden crater through Ladon Valles, Ladon basin, and up to Morava Valles is no exception [e.g., 6-13]. The 1:500,000 geologic map of MTM quadrangles -15027, -20027, -25027, and -25032 (Figs. 1 and 2 [14]) identifies a range of units that delineate the history of water-related activity and regional geologic context.

75 FR 41237 - Public Land Order No. 7745; Partial Revocation of Power Site Reserve Nos. 510 and No. 515; Montana

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-15

... MTM 41534] Public Land Order No. 7745; Partial Revocation of Power Site Reserve Nos. 510 and No. 515... of public lands withdrawn for Power Site Reserve Nos. 510 and 515. This order also opens the lands to... INFORMATION: The Bureau of Land Management has determined that portions of Power Site Reserve Nos. 510 and 515...

Point-vortex stability under the influence of an external periodic flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ortega, Rafael; Ortega, Víctor; Torres, Pedro J.

2018-05-01

We provide sufficient conditions for the stability of the particle advection around a fixed vortex in a two-dimensional ideal fluid under the action of a periodic background flow. The proof relies on the identification of closed invariant curves around the origin by means of Moser’s invariant curve theorem. Partially supported by Spanish MINECO and ERDF project MTM2014-52232-P.

CASK and CaMKII function in the mushroom body α'/β' neurons during Drosophila memory formation.

PubMed

Malik, Bilal R; Gillespie, John Michael; Hodge, James J L

2013-01-01

Ca(2+)/CaM serine/threonine kinase II (CaMKII) is a central molecule in mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and memory. A vital feature of CaMKII in plasticity is its ability to switch to a calcium (Ca(2+)) independent constitutively active state after autophosphorylation at threonine 287 (T287). A second pair of sites, T306 T307 in the calmodulin (CaM) binding region once autophosphorylated, prevent subsequent CaM binding and inactivates the kinase during synaptic plasticity and memory. Recently a synaptic molecule called Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) has been shown to control both sets of CaMKII autophosphorylation events and hence is well poised to be a key regulator of memory. We show deletion of full length CASK or just its CaMK-like and L27 domains disrupts middle-term memory (MTM) and long-term memory (LTM), with CASK function in the α'/β' subset of mushroom body neurons being required for memory. Likewise directly changing the levels of CaMKII autophosphorylation in these neurons removed MTM and LTM. The requirement of CASK and CaMKII autophosphorylation was not developmental as their manipulation just in the adult α'/β' neurons was sufficient to remove memory. Overexpression of CASK or CaMKII in the α'/β' neurons also occluded MTM and LTM. Overexpression of either Drosophila or human CASK in the α'/β' neurons of the CASK mutant completely rescued memory, confirming that CASK signaling in α'/β' neurons is necessary and sufficient for Drosophila memory formation and that the neuronal function of CASK is conserved between Drosophila and human. At the cellular level CaMKII overexpression in the α'/β' neurons increased activity dependent Ca(2+) responses while reduction of CaMKII decreased it. Likewise reducing CASK or directly expressing a phosphomimetic CaMKII T287D transgene in the α'/β' similarly decreased Ca(2+) signaling. Our results are consistent with CASK regulating CaMKII autophosphorylation in a pathway required for memory formation that involves activity dependent changes in Ca(2+) signaling in the α'/β' neurons.

Protective effects of Rutin against methanol induced acute toxic optic neuropathy: an experimental study.

PubMed

Taşlı, Nurdan Gamze; Çimen, Ferda Keskin; Karakurt, Yücel; Uçak, Turgay; Mammadov, Renad; Süleyman, Bahadır; Kurt, Nezahat; Süleyman, Halis

2018-01-01

To determine the effects of Rutin on methanol induced optic neuropathy and compare the results with the effects of ethanol. Totally 30 rats were divided into 5 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (C), methotrexate (MTX), methotrexate+methanol (MTM), methotrexate+methanol+ethanol (MTME) and methotrexate+ methanol+Rutin (MTMR). In all rabbits except those of the control group, MTX, diluted in sterile serum physiologic, 0.3 mg/kg per oral was applied for 7d by the aid of a tube. After this procedure to the rats of MTM, MTME and MTMR groups, 20% methanol with a dose of 3 g/kg per oral was given by the aid of a tube. In MTME group, 4h after the application of methanol, 20% ethanol was applied by the same way with a dose of 0.5 g/kg. On the other hand, in MTMR group 4h after the application of methanol, Rutin, which was dissolved in distilled water, was applied by the same way with a dose of 50 mg/kg. There were statistically significant differences in tissue 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanine (8-OHdG), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO). glutathione peroxidase (tGSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels between groups ( P <0.001). In MTMR group tissue 8-OHdG, IL-1β, MDA, and MPO levels were similar with the healthy controls but significantly different than the other groups. In histopathological evaluations, in MTX group there was moderate focal destruction, hemorrhage and decrease in number of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes; in MTM group there was severe destruction and edema with decrease in number of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes; in MTME group there was mild hemorrhage, mild edema, mildly dilated blood vessels with congestion while in MTMR group, optic nerve tissue was resembling the healthy controls. Rutin may prevent methanol-induced optic neuropathy via anti-inflammatory effects and decreasing the oxidative stress. New treatment options are warranted in this disease to avoid loss of vision in patients.

TU-F-CAMPUS-I-04: Head-Only Asymmetric Gradient System Evaluation: ACR Image Quality and Acoustic Noise

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weavers, P; Shu, Y; Tao, S

Purpose: A high-performance head-only magnetic resonance imaging gradient system with an acquisition volume of 26 cm employing an asymmetric design for the transverse coils has been developed. It is able to reach a magnitude of 85 mT/m at a slew rate of 700 T/m/s, but operated at 80 mT/m and 500 T/m/s for this test. A challenge resulting from this asymmetric design is that the gradient nonlinearly exhibits both odd- and even-ordered terms, and as the full imaging field of view is often used, the nonlinearity is pronounced. The purpose of this work is to show the system can producemore » clinically useful images after an on-site gradient nonlinearity calibration and correction, and show that acoustic noise levels fall within non-significant risk (NSR) limits for standard clinical pulse sequences. Methods: The head-only gradient system was inserted into a standard 3T wide-bore scanner without acoustic damping. The ACR phantom was scanned in an 8-channel receive-only head coil and the standard American College of Radiology (ACR) MRI quality control (QC) test was performed. Acoustic noise levels were measured for several standard pulse sequences. Results: Images acquired with the head-only gradient system passed all ACR MR image quality tests; Both even and odd-order gradient distortion correction terms were required for the asymmetric gradients to pass. Acoustic noise measurements were within FDA NSR guidelines of 99 dBA (with assumed 20 dBA hearing protection) A-weighted and 140 dB for peak for all but one sequence. Note the gradient system was installed without any shroud or acoustic batting. We expect final system integration to greatly reduce noise experienced by the patient. Conclusion: A high-performance head-only asymmetric gradient system operating at 80 mT/m and 500 T/m/s conforms to FDA acoustic noise limits in all but one case, and passes all the ACR MR image quality control tests. This work was supported in part by the NIH grant 5R01EB010065.« less

Abstracts of the annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, 2001, Albuquerque, New Mexico

USGS Publications Warehouse

Parker, Timothy J.; Tanaka, Kenneth L.; Senske, David A.

2002-01-01

The annual Planetary Geologic Mappers Meeting serves two purposes. In addition to giving mappers the opportunity to exchange ideas, experiences, victories, and problems with others, presentations are reviewed by the Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GeMS) to provide input to the Planetary Geology and Geophysics Mapping Program review panel’s consideration of new proposals and progress reports that include mapping tasks. Funded mappers bring both oral presentation materials (slides or viewgraphs) and map products to post for review by GeMS and fellow mappers. Additionally, the annual meetings typically feature optional field trips offering earth analogs and parallels to planetary mapping problems. The 2001 Mappers Meeting, June 18-19, was convened by Tim Parker, Dave Senske, and Ken Tanaka and was hosted by Larry Crumpler and Jayne Aubele of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Oral presentations were given in the Museum’s Honeywell Auditorium, and maps were posted in the Sandia Room. In addition to active mappers, guests included local science teachers who had successfully competed for the right to attend and listen to the reports. It was a unique pleasure for mappers to have the opportunity to interact with and provide information to teachers responding so enthusiastically to the meeting presentation. On Sunday, June 17, Larry and Jayne conducted an optional pre-meeting field trip. The flanks of Rio Grande Rift, east and west of Albuquerque and Valles Caldera north of town presented tectonic, volcanic, and sedimentary examples of the Rift and adjoining areas analogous to observed features on Mars and Venus. The arid but volcanically and tectonically active environment of New Mexico’s rift valley enables focus on features that appear morphologically young and spectacular in satellite images and digital relief models. The theme of the trip was to see what, at orbiter resolution, "obvious" geologic features look like at lander (outcrop) scales. Trips to the top of the rift-flanking mountains (Sandia Peak, 10,600 ft) and the Valles Caldera, as well as various active spring deposits highlighted the day. After welcoming remarks from the host, Larry Crumpler, opening remarks by Tim Parker and Dave Senske and a report on mapping program status by Ken Tanaka, the mappers’ oral presentations began the morning of June 18, with a session on Venus Geologic Mapping. The afternoon continued with an exciting USGS Planetary GIS on the Web (PIGWAD) demonstration and ended with an open discussion of issues in planetary mapping. Posted maps of Venus quadrangles were viewed during the morning break. Tuesday’s Mars Geologic Mapping session began with a pep talk from Tim Parker encouraging mapping community input to the MER landing site selection committee and continued with Steve Saunders describing the potential contribution of Odyssey Mission data to the geologic mapping of Mars. A Mars map poster session was held during the morning break, and the meeting was adjourned mid-afternoon. After the mappers meeting on Tuesday, attendants were treated to a "Field trip to Mars." The Institute of Meteoritics at the University of New Mexico houses an outstanding collection of meteorites, including those that have been identified as originating from Mars. The Institute tour featured examples of most of the different lithologies exhibited by martian meteorites identified to date, as well as some of the analytical tests (scanning electron microscope) they are conducting on specimens from ALH84001. Wednesday, June 20, featured an optional post-meeting field trip to see a travertine quarry and nearby sites of travertine deposition, the Very Large Array near Socorro, and other volcanic features within the Rio Grande Rift.

MR 201104: Evaluation of Discrimination Technologies and Classification Results and MR 201157: Demonstration of MetalMapper Static Data Acquisition and Data Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-23

Acquisition and Data Analysis). EMI sensors, MetalMapper, man-portable Time-domain Electromagnetic Multi-sensor Towed Array Detection System (TEMTADS...California Department of Toxic Substances Control EM61 EM61-MK2 EMI electromagnetic induction ESTCP Environmental Security Technology Certification...SOP Standard Operating Procedure v TEMTADS Time-domain Electromagnetic Multi-sensor Towed Array Detection System man-portable 2x2 TOI target(s

Evidence for dust transport in Viking IR thermal mapper opacity data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, Terry Z.

1993-01-01

Global maps of 9-micron dust opacity derived from radiometric observations made by the Viking Orbiter IR Thermal Mapper instruments have revealed a wealth of new information about the distribution of airborne dust over 1.36 Mars years from 1976-1979. In particular, the changing dust distribution during major dust storms is of interest since the data provide a point of contact with both Earth-based observations of storm growth and with global circulation models.

LANDSAT D instrument module study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1976-01-01

Spacecraft instrument module configurations which support an earth resource data gathering mission using a thematic mapper sensor were examined. The differences in size of these two experiments necessitated the development of two different spacecraft configurations. Following the selection of the best-suited configurations, a validation phase of design, analysis and modelling was conducted to verify feasibility. The chosen designs were then used to formulate definition for a systems weight, a cost range for fabrication and interface requirements for the thematic mapper (TM).

Moon Zoo - Examples of Interesting Lunar Morphology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cook, A. C.; Wilkinson, J.

2012-09-01

The MoonMappers citizen science project is part of CosmoQuest, a virtual research facility designed for the public. CosmoQuest seeks to take the best aspects of a research center - research, seminars, journal clubs, and community discussions - and provide them to a community of citizen scientists through a virtual facility. MoonMappers was the first citizen science project within CosmoQuest, and is being used to define best practices in getting the public to effectively learn and do science.

Thematic mapper critical elements breadboard program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dale, C. H., Jr.; Engel, J. L.; Harney, E. D.

1976-01-01

A 40.6 cm bidirectional scan mirror assembly, a scan line corrector and a silicon photodiode array with integral preamplifier input stages were designed, fabricated, and tested to demonstrate performance consistent with requirements of the Hughes thematic mapper system. The measured performance met or exceeded the original design goals in all cases with the qualification that well defined and well understood deficiencies in the design of the photodiode array package will require the prescribed corrections before flight use.

Annual minimum temperature variations in early 21st century in Punjab, Pakistan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jahangir, Misbah; Maria Ali, Syeda; Khalid, Bushra

2016-01-01

Climate change is a key emerging threat to the global environment. It imposes long lasting impacts both at regional and national level. In the recent era, global warming and extreme temperatures have drawn great interest to the scientific community. As in a past century considerable increase in global surface temperatures have been observed and predictions revealed that it will continue in the future. In this regard, current study mainly focused on analysis of regional climatic change (annual minimum temperature trends and its correlation with land surface temperatures in the early 21st century in Punjab) for a period of 1979-2013. The projected model data European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) has been used for eight Tehsils of Punjab i.e., annual minimum temperatures and annual seasonal temperatures. Trend analysis of annual minimum and annual seasonal temperature in (Khushab, Noorpur, Sargodha, Bhalwal, Sahiwal, Shahpur, Sillanwali and Chinoit) tehsils of Punjab was carried out by Regression analysis and Mann-Kendall test. Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data was used in comparison with Model data for the month of May from the years 2000, 2009 and 2010. Results showed that no significant trends were observed in annual minimum temperature. A significant change was observed in Noorpur, Bhalwal, Shahpur, Sillanwali, Sahiwal, Chinoit and Sargodha tehsils during spring season, which indicated that this particular season was a transient period of time.

The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information

PubMed Central

Chomenidis, Charalampos; Doganis, Philip; Fadeel, Bengt; Grafström, Roland; Hardy, Barry; Hastings, Janna; Hegi, Markus; Jeliazkov, Vedrin; Kochev, Nikolay; Kohonen, Pekka; Munteanu, Cristian R; Sarimveis, Haralambos; Smeets, Bart; Sopasakis, Pantelis; Tsiliki, Georgia; Vorgrimmler, David; Willighagen, Egon

2015-01-01

Summary Background: The NanoSafety Cluster, a cluster of projects funded by the European Commision, identified the need for a computational infrastructure for toxicological data management of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Ontologies, open standards, and interoperable designs were envisioned to empower a harmonized approach to European research in nanotechnology. This setting provides a number of opportunities and challenges in the representation of nanomaterials data and the integration of ENM information originating from diverse systems. Within this cluster, eNanoMapper works towards supporting the collaborative safety assessment for ENMs by creating a modular and extensible infrastructure for data sharing, data analysis, and building computational toxicology models for ENMs. Results: The eNanoMapper database solution builds on the previous experience of the consortium partners in supporting diverse data through flexible data storage, open source components and web services. We have recently described the design of the eNanoMapper prototype database along with a summary of challenges in the representation of ENM data and an extensive review of existing nano-related data models, databases, and nanomaterials-related entries in chemical and toxicogenomic databases. This paper continues with a focus on the database functionality exposed through its application programming interface (API), and its use in visualisation and modelling. Considering the preferred community practice of using spreadsheet templates, we developed a configurable spreadsheet parser facilitating user friendly data preparation and data upload. We further present a web application able to retrieve the experimental data via the API and analyze it with multiple data preprocessing and machine learning algorithms. Conclusion: We demonstrate how the eNanoMapper database is used to import and publish online ENM and assay data from several data sources, how the “representational state transfer” (REST) API enables building user friendly interfaces and graphical summaries of the data, and how these resources facilitate the modelling of reproducible quantitative structure–activity relationships for nanomaterials (NanoQSAR). PMID:26425413

The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information.

PubMed

Jeliazkova, Nina; Chomenidis, Charalampos; Doganis, Philip; Fadeel, Bengt; Grafström, Roland; Hardy, Barry; Hastings, Janna; Hegi, Markus; Jeliazkov, Vedrin; Kochev, Nikolay; Kohonen, Pekka; Munteanu, Cristian R; Sarimveis, Haralambos; Smeets, Bart; Sopasakis, Pantelis; Tsiliki, Georgia; Vorgrimmler, David; Willighagen, Egon

2015-01-01

The NanoSafety Cluster, a cluster of projects funded by the European Commision, identified the need for a computational infrastructure for toxicological data management of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Ontologies, open standards, and interoperable designs were envisioned to empower a harmonized approach to European research in nanotechnology. This setting provides a number of opportunities and challenges in the representation of nanomaterials data and the integration of ENM information originating from diverse systems. Within this cluster, eNanoMapper works towards supporting the collaborative safety assessment for ENMs by creating a modular and extensible infrastructure for data sharing, data analysis, and building computational toxicology models for ENMs. The eNanoMapper database solution builds on the previous experience of the consortium partners in supporting diverse data through flexible data storage, open source components and web services. We have recently described the design of the eNanoMapper prototype database along with a summary of challenges in the representation of ENM data and an extensive review of existing nano-related data models, databases, and nanomaterials-related entries in chemical and toxicogenomic databases. This paper continues with a focus on the database functionality exposed through its application programming interface (API), and its use in visualisation and modelling. Considering the preferred community practice of using spreadsheet templates, we developed a configurable spreadsheet parser facilitating user friendly data preparation and data upload. We further present a web application able to retrieve the experimental data via the API and analyze it with multiple data preprocessing and machine learning algorithms. We demonstrate how the eNanoMapper database is used to import and publish online ENM and assay data from several data sources, how the "representational state transfer" (REST) API enables building user friendly interfaces and graphical summaries of the data, and how these resources facilitate the modelling of reproducible quantitative structure-activity relationships for nanomaterials (NanoQSAR).

Within-wafer CD variation induced by wafer shape

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Chi-hao; Yang, Mars; Yang, Elvis; Yang, T. H.; Chen, K. C.

2016-03-01

In order to meet the increasing storage capacity demand and reduce bit cost of NAND flash memories, 3D stacked vertical flash cell array has been proposed. In constructing 3D NAND flash memories, the bit number per unit area is increased as increasing the number of stacked layers. However, the increased number of stacked layers has made the film stress control extremely important for maintaining good process quality. The residual film stress alters the wafer shape accordingly several process impacts have been readily observed across wafer, such as film deposition non-uniformity, etch rate non-uniformity, wafer chucking error on scanner, materials coating/baking defects, overlay degradation and critical dimension (CD) non-uniformity. The residual tensile and compressive stresses on wafers will result in concave and convex wafer shapes, respectively. This study investigates within-wafer CD uniformity (CDU) associated with wafer shape change induced by the 3D NAND flash memory processes. Within-wafer CDU was correlated with several critical parameters including different wafer bow heights of concave and convex wafer shapes, photo resists with different post exposure baking (PEB) temperature sensitivities, and DoseMapper compensation. The results indicated the trend of within-wafer CDU maintains flat for convex wafer shapes with bow height up to +230um and concave wafer shapes with bow height ranging from 0 ~ -70um, while the within-wafer CDU trends up from -70um to -246um wafer bow heights. To minimize the within-wafer CD distribution induced by wafer warpage, carefully tailoring the film stack and thermal budget in the process flow for maintaining the wafer shape at CDU friendly range is indispensable and using photo-resist materials with lower PEB temperature sensitivity is also suggested. In addition, DoseMapper compensation is also an alternative to greatly suppress the within-wafer CD non-uniformity but the photo-resist profile variation induced by across-wafer PEB temperature non-uniformity attributed to wafer warpage is uncorrectable, and the photo-resist profile variation is believed to affect across-wafer etch bias uniformity to some degree.

Thermal and albedo mapping of the polar regions of Mars using Viking thermal mapper observations: 2. South polar region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Paige, David A.; Keegan, Kenneth D.

1994-01-01

We present the first maps of the apparent thermal inertia and albedo of the south polar region of Mars. The observations used to create these maps were acquired by the infrared thermal mapper (IRTM) instruments on the two Viking Orbiters over a 30-day period in 1977 during the Martian late southern summer season. The maps cover the region from 60 deg S to the south pole at a spatial resolution of 1 deg of latitude, thus completing the initial thermal mapping of the entire planet. The analysis and interpretation of these maps is aided by the results of a one-dimensional radiative convective model, which is used to calculate diurnal variations in surface and atmospheric temperatures, and brightness temperatures at the top of the atmosphere for a range of assumptions concerning dust optical properties and dust optical depths. The maps show that apparent thermal inertias of bare ground regions decrease systematically from 60 deg S to the south pole. In unfrosted regions close to the south pole, apparent thermal inertias are among the lowest observed anywhere on the planet. On the south residual cap, apparent thermal inertias are very high due to the presence of CO2 frost. In most other regions of Mars, best fit apparent albedos based on thermal emission measurements are generally in good agreement with actual surface albedos based on broadband solar reflectance measurements. The one-dimensional atmospheric model calculations also predict anomalously cold brightness temperatures close to the pole during late summer, and after considering a number of alternatives, it is concluded that the net surface cooling due to atmospheric dust is the best explanation for this phenomenon. The region of lowest apparent thermal inertia close to the pole, which includes the south polar layered deposits, is interpreted to be mantled by a continuous layer of aeolian material that must be at least a few millimeters thick. The low thermal inertias mapped in the south polar region imply an absence of surface water ice deposits, which is consistent with Viking Mars atmospheric water detector (MAWD) measurements which show low atmospheric water vapor abundances throughout the summer season.

Ground data handling for Landsat-D. [for thematic mapper

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lynch, T. J.

1977-01-01

The present plans for the Landsat-D ground data handling are described in relationship to the mission objectives and the planned spacecraft system. The end-to-end data system is presented with particular emphasis on the data handling plans for the new instrument, the Thematic Mapper. This instrument generates ten times the amount of data per scene as the present Multispectral Scanner and this resulting data rate and volume are discussed as well as possible new data techniques to handle them - such as image compression.

Thematic Mapper Protoflight Model Line Spread Function

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schueler, C.

1984-01-01

The Thematic Mapper (TM) Protoflight Model Spatial Line Spread Function (LSF) was not measured before launch. Therefore, methodology are developed to characterize LSF with protoflight model optics and electronics measurements that were made before launch. Direct prelaunch LSF measurements that were made from the flight model TM verified the protoflight TM LSF simulation. Results for two selected protoflight TM channels are presented here. It is shown that LSF data for the other ninety-four channels could be generated in the same fashion.

New dust opacity maps from Viking IR thermal mapper data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, T. Z.; Richardson, M. I.

1992-01-01

Mapping of dust opacity of the Martian atmosphere, using the silicate-induced absorption of 9 micron radiation, was performed with the Viking Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM) data for several local dust storms and in a global sense. We present here the first results from an effort to extend the earlier mapping work to the period of the 1977b major storm, and to concentrate attention on the details of opacity behavior during the initial phases of the 1977a and b storms.

Studies of atmospheric dust from Viking IR thermal mapper data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Martin, T. Z.

1993-01-01

Following earlier work to map the dust opacity of the Mars atmosphere, a number of separate studies have been performed employing the radiometric measurements of the Viking IR Thermal Mappers. These efforts have resulted in a new perspective on the atmospheric dust distribution during the Viking Mission, as well as quantitative measures useful in the modeling of likely behavior at other times, and improved boundary conditions for circulation models of Mars. The significant findings from these studies are presented.

Study of Spectral/Radiometric Characteristics of the Thematic Mapper for Land Use Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malila, W. A. (Principal Investigator); Metzler, M. D. (Principal Investigator)

1985-01-01

An investigation conducted in support of the LANDSAT 4/5 Image Data Quality Analysis (LIDQA) Program is discussed. Results of engineering analyses of radiometric, spatial, spectral, and geometric properties of the Thematic Mapper systems are summarized; major emphasis is placed on the radiometric analysis. Details of the analyses are presented in appendices, which contain three of the eight technical papers produced during this investigation; these three, together, describe the major activities and results of the investigation.

Live Site Demonstrations: Former Camp Beale Demonstration of MetalMapper Static Data Acquisition and Data Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

tilted metamorphic rock . Typically, the surface layer of the soil is a brown gravelly silt with sand, about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is yellowish red...site setup, the placement of 200 seed items for use in measuring the capabilities of the advanced EMI sensors tested, the subsequent collection of...advanced sensors. The second team was responsible for the cued survey of 1,491 of the 2,143 targets using the MetalMapper, one of the advanced

Spectral characterization of the LANDSAT Thematic Mapper sensors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Markham, B. L.; Barker, J. L.

1984-01-01

The spectral coverage characteristics of the two thematic mapper instruments were determined by analyses of spectral measurements of the optics, filters, and detectors. The following results are presented: (1) band 2 and 3 flatness was slightly below specification, and band 7 flatness was below specification; (2) band 5 upper-band edge was higher than specifications; (3) band 2 band edges were shifted upward about 9 nm relative to nominal; and (4) band 4, 5, and 7 lower band edges were 16 to 18 nm higher then nominal.

MetalMapper Demonstration at the Pole Mountain Target and Maneuver Area, WY

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

number. 1. REPORT DATE MAR 2012 2 . REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE MetalMapper Demonstration at the... 2 ) The bulk of this liability is $10.0B for the 1703 sites identified in the Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS) program and $4.4B for the 2433...performer was able to correctly classify 2 /3 of the clutter while identifying 100% of the TOI. 2 The Strategic Environmental Research and Development

Solar Wind Implantation into Lunar Regolith II: Monte Carlo Simulations of Hydrogen Retention in a Surface with Defects and the Hydrogen (H, H2) Exosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tucker, O. J.; Farrell, W. M.; Killen, R. M.; Hurley, D. M.

2018-01-01

Recently, the near-infrared observations of the OH veneer on the lunar surface by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) have been refined to constrain the OH content to 500-750 parts per million (ppm). The observations indicate diurnal variations in OH up to 200 ppm possibly linked to warmer surface temperatures at low latitude. We examine the M3 observations using a statistical mechanics approach to model the diffusion of implanted H in the lunar regolith. We present results from Monte Carlo simulations of the diffusion of implanted solar wind H atoms and the subsequently derived H and H2 exospheres.

Performance evaluation and calibration of a modular multiband radiometer for remote sensing field research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Robinson, B. F.; Buckley, R. E.; Burgess, J. A. (Principal Investigator)

1982-01-01

A multiband radiometer suitable for operation from helicopter, small plane, truck, or tripod platforms was developed. The standard unit is equipped with the seven thematic mapper spectral bands with an added band from 1.5 to 1.30 microns; however, up to eight user specified bands from 0.4 to 15 microns may be installed under clean field conditions. Results of prototype tests of the spectral responsivity of the detectors, the transmittance of the optical filters as a function of wavelength, the fields of view, and the system linearity, temperature stability, noise performance, and dynamic range were evaluated. Minor modifications were made to the instrument and the results of final testing are reported.

Topographic map of the Coronae Montes region of Mars - MTM 500k -35/087E OMKTT

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rosiek, Mark R.; Redding, Bonnie L.; Galuszca, Donna M.

2005-01-01

This map is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The topography was compiled photogrammetrically using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs. The contour interval is 250 m. Horizontal and vertical control was established using the USGS Mars Digital Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0) and data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA).

Methods Engineering Workshop for the Shipbuilding Industry

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

physiological process that reduces the performance capacity and motivation of humans sub- jected to excessive or repeated work stresses. fatigue allowance, Time...often involves basic business fundamentals, motivation , common sense, and the plain hard work of one person doing something. But the accomplishment that...utilize a batch mode form. ” (3) SERGE A. BIRN HAS A TRAINING SCHOOL IN CINCINNATI FOR MTM, MSD, MCD, MOTIVATION -PRODUCTIVITY , TIME STUDY, METHODS

Topographic Map of the Northeast Ascraeus Mons Region of Mars - MTM 500k 15/257E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The topography was compiled photogrammetically using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs. The contour interval is 250 meters. Horizontal and vertical control was established using the USGS Mars Digital Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0) and data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA).

Topographic Map of the Northwest Ascraeus Mons Region of Mars - MTM 500k 15/252E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The topography was compiled photogrammetically using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs. The contour interval is 250 meters. Horizontal and vertical control was established using the USGS Mars Digital Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0) and data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA).

Topographic Map of the Southeast Ascraeus Mons Region of Mars - MTM 500k 10/257E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The topography was compiled photogrammetically using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs. The contour interval is 250 meters. Horizontal and vertical control was established using the USGS Mars Digital Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0) and data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA).

Topographic Map of the Southwest Ascraeus Mons Region of Mars - MTM 500k 10/252E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The topography was compiled photogrammetically using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs. The contour interval is 250 meters. Horizontal and vertical control was established using the USGS Mars Digital Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0) and data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA).

Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels, Calmodulin, Adenylyl Cyclase, and Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Are Required for Late, but Not Early, Long-Term Memory Formation in the Honeybee

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matsumoto, Yukihisa; Sandoz, Jean-Christophe; Devaud, Jean-Marc; Lormant, Flore; Mizunami, Makoto; Giurfa, Martin

2014-01-01

Memory is a dynamic process that allows encoding, storage, and retrieval of information acquired through individual experience. In the honeybee "Apis mellifera," olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response (PER) has shown that besides short-term memory (STM) and mid-term memory (MTM), two phases of long-term memory (LTM)…

Satisfaction With Medication Therapy Management Services at a University Ambulatory Care Clinic.

PubMed

Kim, Shiyun; Martin, Michelle T; Pierce, Andrea L; Zueger, Patrick

2016-06-01

A survey was issued to patients enrolled in the Medication Therapy Management Clinic (MTMC) at University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences (June 2011-January 2012) in order to assess satisfaction with pharmacy services provided by pharmacists. A 23-item survey was offered to 65 patients in the MTMC program before or after clinic visits. Since there is a paucity of data indicating the level of satisfaction with MTM services provided by pharmacists, this survey may contribute to the process of building a greater collaboration between the pharmacist and patient. Sixty-two of 65 patients completed the survey; satisfaction with MTMC pharmacists was demonstrated to be significantly positively correlated with overall satisfaction with the MTMC. Patient satisfaction is not significantly different according to age, gender, ethnicity, or number of disease states. Satisfaction with the pillbox service is not significantly different between younger and older patients. It was also noted that patients taking a greater number of medications had higher levels of satisfaction. Most patients indicated that they were satisfied with the MTMC pharmacists and services; further study linking patient satisfaction with MTM services to improved patient outcomes may allow our MTMC to serve as a model for other pharmacist-managed MTMCs serving similar patient populations. © The Author(s) 2014.

Geologic map of MTM -15027, -20027, -25027, and -25032 quadrangles, Margaritifer Terra region of Mars

USGS Publications Warehouse

Irwin, Rossman P.; Grant, John A.

2013-01-01

Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) quadrangles −15027, −20027, −25027, and −25032 (lat 12.5°−28° S., long 330°−335° E. and lat 22.5°−28° S., long 324.5°−330° E.) in southwestern Margaritifer Terra include diverse erosional landforms, sedimentary deposits, and tectonic structures that record a long geologic and geomorphic history. The northeastern regional slope of the pre-Noachian crustal dichotomy (as expressed along the Chryse trough) and structures of the informally named Middle Noachian or older Holden and Ladon impact basins dominate the topography of the map area. A series of mesoscale outflow channels, Uzboi, Ladon, and Morava Valles, integrated these formerly enclosed basins by overflow and incision around the Noachian/Hesperian transition, although some flooding may have occurred earlier. The area includes excellent examples of Late Noachian to Hesperian valley networks, dissected crater rims, alluvial fans, deltas, and light-toned layered deposits, particularly in Holden and Eberswalde craters. Structural forms include Tharsis-radial grabens, Hesperian wrinkle ridges, floor-fractured impact craters, and severely disrupted chaotic terrains. These well-preserved landforms and sedimentary deposits represent multiple erosional epochs and discrete flooding events, which provide significant insight into the geomorphic processes and climate change on early Mars.

Large-scale, thick, self-assembled, nacre-mimetic brick-walls as fire barrier coatings on textiles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Das, Paramita; Thomas, Helga; Moeller, Martin; Walther, Andreas

2017-01-01

Highly loaded polymer/clay nanocomposites with layered structures are emerging as robust fire retardant surface coatings. However, time-intensive sequential deposition processes, e.g. layer-by-layer strategies, hinders obtaining large coating thicknesses and complicates an implementation into existing technologies. Here, we demonstrate a single-step, water-borne approach to prepare thick, self-assembling, hybrid fire barrier coatings of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/montmorillonite (MTM) with well-defined, bioinspired brick-wall nanostructure, and showcase their application on textile. The coating thickness on the textile is tailored using different concentrations of CMC/MTM (1-5 wt%) in the coating bath. While lower concentrations impart conformal coatings of fibers, thicker continuous coatings are obtained on the textile surface from highest concentration. Comprehensive fire barrier and fire retardancy tests elucidate the increasing fire barrier and retardancy properties with increasing coating thickness. The materials are free of halogen and heavy metal atoms, and are sourced from sustainable and partly even renewable building blocks. We further introduce an amphiphobic surface modification on the coating to impart oil and water repellency, as well as self-cleaning features. Hence, our study presents a generic, environmentally friendly, scalable, and one-pot coating approach that can be introduced into existing technologies to prepare bioinspired, thick, fire barrier nanocomposite coatings on diverse surfaces.

Imaging ATUM ultrathin section libraries with WaferMapper: a multi-scale approach to EM reconstruction of neural circuits

PubMed Central

Hayworth, Kenneth J.; Morgan, Josh L.; Schalek, Richard; Berger, Daniel R.; Hildebrand, David G. C.; Lichtman, Jeff W.

2014-01-01

The automated tape-collecting ultramicrotome (ATUM) makes it possible to collect large numbers of ultrathin sections quickly—the equivalent of a petabyte of high resolution images each day. However, even high throughput image acquisition strategies generate images far more slowly (at present ~1 terabyte per day). We therefore developed WaferMapper, a software package that takes a multi-resolution approach to mapping and imaging select regions within a library of ultrathin sections. This automated method selects and directs imaging of corresponding regions within each section of an ultrathin section library (UTSL) that may contain many thousands of sections. Using WaferMapper, it is possible to map thousands of tissue sections at low resolution and target multiple points of interest for high resolution imaging based on anatomical landmarks. The program can also be used to expand previously imaged regions, acquire data under different imaging conditions, or re-image after additional tissue treatments. PMID:25018701

Landsat thematic mapper (TM) soil variability analysis over Webster County, Iowa

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, D. R.; Henderson, K. E.; Pitts, D. E.

1984-01-01

Thematic mapper simulator (TMS) data acquired June 7, June 23, and July 31, 1982, and Landsat thematic mapper (TM) data acquired August 2, September 3, and October 21, 1982, over Webster County, Iowa, were examined for within-field soil effects on corn and soybean spectral signatures. It was found that patterns displayed on various computer-generated map products were in close agreement with the detailed soil survey of the area. The difference in spectral values appears to be due to a combination of subtle soil properties and crop growth patterns resulting from the different soil properties. Bands 4 (0.76-.90 micron), 5 (1.55-1.75 micron), and 7 (2.08-2.35 micron) were found to be responding to the within-field soil variability even with increasing ground cover. While these results are preliminary, they do indicate that the soil influence on the vegetation is being detected by TM and should provide improved information relating to crop and soil properties.

Data and Information Exchange System for the "Reindeer Mapper" Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Maynard, Nancy; Yurchak, Boris

2005-01-01

During this past year, the Reindeer Mapper Intranet system has been set up on the NASA system, 8 team members have been established, a Reindeer Mapper reference list containing 696 items has been entered, 6 power point presentations have been put on line for review among team members, 304 satellite images have been catalogued (including 16 Landsat images, 288 NDVI 10-day composited images and an anomaly series- May 1998 to December 2002, and 56 SAR CEOS S A R format files), schedules and meeting dates are being shared, students at the Nordic Sami Institute are experimenting with the system for reindeer herder indigenous knowledge sharing, and an "address book" is being developed. Several documents and presentations have been translated and made available in Russian for our Russian colleagues. This has enabled our Russian partners to utilize documents and presentations for use in their research (e.g., SAR imagery comparisons with Russian GIS of specific study areas) and discussion with local colleagues.

Detecting air pollution stress in southern California vegetation using Landsat Thematic Mapper band data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Westman, Walter E.; Price, Curtis V.

1988-01-01

Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and aircraft-borne Thematic Mapper simulator (TMS) data were collected over two areas of natural vegetation in southern California exposed to gradients of pollutant dose, particularly in photochemical oxidants: the coastal sage scrub of the Santa Monica Mountains in the Los Angeles basin, and the yellow pine forests in the southern Sierra Nevada. In both situations, natural variations in canopy closure, with subsequent exposure of understory elements (e.g.,rock or soil, chaparral, grasses, and herbs), were sufficient to cause changes in spectral variation that could obscure differences due to visible foliar injury symptoms observed in the field. TM or TMS data are therefore more likely to be successful in distinguishing pollution injury from background variation when homogeneous communities with closed canopies are subjected to more severe pollution-induced structural and/or compositional change. The present study helps to define the threshold level of vegetative injury detectable by TM data.

Meeting medical terminology needs--the Ontology-Enhanced Medical Concept Mapper.

PubMed

Leroy, G; Chen, H

2001-12-01

This paper describes the development and testing of the Medical Concept Mapper, a tool designed to facilitate access to online medical information sources by providing users with appropriate medical search terms for their personal queries. Our system is valuable for patients whose knowledge of medical vocabularies is inadequate to find the desired information, and for medical experts who search for information outside their field of expertise. The Medical Concept Mapper maps synonyms and semantically related concepts to a user's query. The system is unique because it integrates our natural language processing tool, i.e., the Arizona (AZ) Noun Phraser, with human-created ontologies, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and WordNet, and our computer generated Concept Space, into one system. Our unique contribution results from combining the UMLS Semantic Net with Concept Space in our deep semantic parsing (DSP) algorithm. This algorithm establishes a medical query context based on the UMLS Semantic Net, which allows Concept Space terms to be filtered so as to isolate related terms relevant to the query. We performed two user studies in which Medical Concept Mapper terms were compared against human experts' terms. We conclude that the AZ Noun Phraser is well suited to extract medical phrases from user queries, that WordNet is not well suited to provide strictly medical synonyms, that the UMLS Metathesaurus is well suited to provide medical synonyms, and that Concept Space is well suited to provide related medical terms, especially when these terms are limited by our DSP algorithm.

Daily temperature variations on Mars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ditteon, R.

1982-01-01

It is noted that for approximately 32% of the Martian surface area no values of thermal inertia or albedo can fit the thermal observations. These temperature anomalies do not correlate with elevation, geologic units, morphology, or atmospheric dust content. All regions having a Lambert albedo less than 0.18 can be well fit with the standard thermal model, but all areas with albedo greater than 0.28 are anomalous. A strong inverse correlation is seen between the magnitude of the anomaly and the thermal inertia. This correlation is seen as indicating that some surface property is responsible for the anomaly. In the anomalous region the temperatures are observed to be warmer in the morning and cooler late in the afternoon and to decrease more slowly during the night than the Viking model temperatures. It is believed that of all the physical processes likely to occur on Mars but not included in the Viking thermal model, only a layered soil can explain the observations. A possible explanation of the layering deduced from the infrared thermal mapper observations is a layer of aeolian deposited dust about one thermal skin depth thick (1 to 4 cm), covering a duricrust.

Comprehensive Medication Reviews in Long-term Care Facilities: History of Process Implementation and 2015 Results.

PubMed

O'Shea, Terrence E; Zarowitz, Barbara J; Erwin, W Gary

2017-01-01

Since 2013, Part D sponsors have been required to offer comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) to all beneficiaries enrolled in their medication therapy management (MTM) programs at least annually, including those in long-term care (LTC) settings. Since that time, MTM providers have found that accessing and completing CMRs with beneficiaries is frequently prohibitively complex, since the process often requires a live, face-to-face interactive interview where the beneficiary resides. However, with the migration of the CMR completion rate from a star ratings display measure to an active measure, coupled with the new CMR completion rate cutpoints for 2016, accessing this population for CMR completion has heightened importance. Our proprietary consultant pharmacist (CP) software was programmed in 2012 to produce a cover letter, medication action plan, and personal medication list per CMS standardized format specifications. Using this system, CPs were trained to perform and document CMRs and the interactive interviews. MTM-eligible Part D beneficiaries, identified by several contracted clients as residing in LTC serviced by Omnicare, were provided CMRs and summaries written in CMS standardized format by CPs. Residents with cognitive impairment were identified using 3 data elements in the Minimum Data Set (MDS). In 2015, 7,935 MTM-eligible beneficiaries were identified as receiving medications from an Omnicare pharmacy. After excluding those who were disenrolled by their prescription drug plans, discharged from the LTC facility, or resided in a LTC facility no longer serviced by Omnicare, 5,593 residents were available for CMR completion. Of these, only 3% refused the CMR offer, and 5,392 CMRs (96%) were completed successfully. Thirty-nine percent of residents had cognitive impairment per MDS assessments; in those instances, CMRs were conducted with someone other than the beneficiary. Based on the CMRs and interactive interviews, 7,527 drug therapy problem recommendations were made to prescribers, about 50% of which resulted in an alteration in therapy, including reductions in polypharmacy and high-risk medications. The CMR process and written summary in CMS standardized format works effectively for residents in LTC when performed by CPs in the facility, as evidenced by high completion rates and drug therapy problem identification/resolution. Part D plans should further consider using CPs to conduct CMRs in LTC settings. No outside funding supported this research. All authors are employees of Omnicare, a CVS Health Company, and are stockholders of CVS Health. O'Shea and Zarowitz have received research funding (unrelated to the submitted work) from Acadia, AstraZeneca, and Sunovion. The abstract for this article was presented as a research poster at the Academy of Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy 2016 Annual Meeting; April 21, 2016; San Francisco, California. Study concept and design were contributed by O'Shea and Zarowitz, along with Erwin. O'Shea collected the data, and data interpretation was performed primarily by O'Shea, along with Zarowitz and Erwin. The manuscript was written by O'Shea, along with Zarowitz, and revised primarily by Zarowitz, along with O'Shea and Erwin.

Reliability of drumlin morphometric data based on manual mapping - assessment of inter-mapper differences using a morphometrically diverse sample of relict drumlins

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jorge, Marco G.; Brennand, Tracy A.; Perkins, Andrew J.; Neudorf, Christina; Hillier, John K.; Cripps, Jonathan E.; Spagnolo, Matteo; Dinney, Meaghan; Storrar, Robert D.

2016-04-01

Mapper-dependent (subjective) differences in drumlin morphometry have received little attention even though over one-hundred thousand drumlins have been manually mapped and used to characterize drumlin morphometry and infer drumlin genesis, and several obstacles to objectivity in drumlin mapping can be identified. Due to uncertainty in drumlin genesis, drumlins remain putative morphogenetic landforms, yet still lack a complete single morphological definition. Additionally, post-formational degradation of relict subglacial landscapes challenges our ability: 1) to identify all drumlins in the landscape (some [potential] drumlins may be too degraded to be mapped and are thus excluded from the inventory), with implications for the analysis of field properties (e.g., spatial arrangement and autocorrelation); and 2) to accurately map the original footprint (i.e., shape and size). These issues (definitional ambiguity; degradation of original drumlin topography) are a problem for both manual and automated mapping. Automation is touted as the solution to the subjectivity of manual mapping, but the quality of any automated method directly depends on the quality of the operational definition (ruleset) it draws upon; if drumlin definitions are subjective (expert-dependent), so will be the automated algorithms relying on them. Additionally, recognizing highly degraded drumlins is, arguably, more difficult automatedly than manually (visually). Because a single morphologic definition is missing, mapping is expert-dependent. Therefore, quantifying the magnitude of inter-mapper differences is important for fully understanding the morphology of drumlins, constraining the robustness of drumlin morphometric inventories and assisting in the development of stricter operational definitions/mapping guidelines. We present the results of an experiment to quantify inter-mapper differences in mapped drumlin morphometry. All participants mapped 42 morphologically diverse drumlins in the Puget Lowland, WA at 2 spatial resolutions (1.8 m and 10.8 m cell size DEMs) in a GIS, using exactly the same base maps (analytical hillshade; semi-transparent elevation; contours) and informed by the same loose operational definition (e.g., drumlins delimited at their base by concave breaks in slope). Preliminary results (3 mappers) indicate that differences between manual mappers are substantial. For example, for the footprints mapped from the 10.8 m terrain data: average length ranges from 4603 m to 5454 m, and the mean absolute difference in length from 693 m to 1101 m; average elongation ratio (ER) ranges from 5.0 to 6.1; average footprint area ranges from 0.39 km2 to 0.50 km2.

A preliminary comparison of Landsat Thematic Mapper and SPOT-1 HRV multispectral data for estimating coniferous forest volume

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ripple, William J.; Wang, S.; Isaacson, Dennis L.; Paine, D. P.

1995-01-01

Digital Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Satellite Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) High Resolution Visible (HRV) images of coniferous forest canopies were compared in their relationship to forest wood volume using correlation and regression analyses. Significant inverse relationships were found between softwood volume and the spectral bands from both sensors (P less than 0.01). The highest correlations were between the log of softwood volume and the near-infrared bands (HRV band 3, r = -0.89; TM band 4, r = -0.83).

Registering Thematic Mapper imagery to digital elevation models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Frew, J.

1984-01-01

The problems encountered when attempting to register Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data to U.S. geological survey digital elevation models (DEMs) are examined. It is shown that TM and DEM data are not available in the same map projection, necessitating geometric transformation of one of the data type, that the TM data are not accurately located in their nominal projection, and that TM data have higher resolution than most DEM data, but oversampling the DEM data to TM resolution introduces systematic noise. Further work needed in this area is discussed.

Moon Mineralogy Mapper: Unlocking the Mysteries of the Moon

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Runyon, Cassandra

2006-01-01

Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) is a state-of-the-art high spectral resolution imaging spectrometer that will characterize and map the mineral composition of the Moon. The M3 instrument will be flown on Chandrayaan-I, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) mission to be launched in March 2008. The Moon is a cornerstone to understanding early solar system processes. M3 high-resolution compositional maps will dramatically improve our understanding about the early evolution of the terrestrial planets and will provide an assessment of lunar resources at high spatial resolution.

Three-dimensional displays for natural hazards analysis, using classified Landsat Thematic Mapper digital data and large-scale digital elevation models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, David R.; Walsh, Stephen J.; Brown, Daniel G.

1991-01-01

Methods are described for using Landsat Thematic Mapper digital data and digital elevation models for the display of natural hazard sites in a mountainous region of northwestern Montana, USA. Hazard zones can be easily identified on the three-dimensional images. Proximity of facilities such as highways and building locations to hazard sites can also be easily displayed. A temporal sequence of Landsat TM (or similar) satellite data sets could also be used to display landscape changes associated with dynamic natural hazard processes.

An Analysis LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper Geometric Properties

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Walker, R. E.; Zobrist, A. L.; Bryant, N. A.; Gokhman, B.; Friedman, S. Z.; Logan, T. L.

1984-01-01

LANDSAT Thematic Mapper P-data of Washington, D. C., Harrisburg, PA, and Salton Sea, CA are analyzed to determine magnitudes and causes of error in the geometric conformity of the data to known Earth surface geometry. Several tests of data geometry are performed. Intraband and interband correlation and registration are investigated, exclusive of map based ground truth. The magnitudes and statistical trends of pixel offsets between a single band's mirror scans (due to processing procedures) are computed, and the inter-band integrity of registration is analyzed. A line to line correlation analysis is included.

A prospectus for Thematic Mapper research in the Earth sciences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1984-01-01

Earth science applications of Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery are discussed. Prospective research themes are defined in a general sense in relation to the technical measurement capabilities of the TM and the various types of Earth information that can potentially be derived from multispectral TM imagery. An overview of the system developed to acquire and reduce TM data is presented. The technical capabilities of this system are presented in detail. The orbital performance of the TM sensor is described, based upon the analysis of LANDSAT 4 and 5 TM data collected to date.

Methods for destriping Landsat Thematic Mapper images - A feasibility study for an online destriping process in the Thematic Mapper Image Processing System (TIPS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Poros, D. J.; Peterson, C. J.

1985-01-01

Methods for destriping TM images and results of the application of these methods to selected TM scenes with sensor and scan striping, which was not removed by the radiometric correction during the TM Archive Generation Phase in TIPS, are presented. These methods correct only for gain and offset differences between detectors over many image lines and do not consider within-line effects. The feasibility of implementing a destriping process online in TIPS is also described.

Spectral signature of alpine snow cover from the Landsat Thematic Mapper

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dozier, Jeff

1989-01-01

In rugged terrain, snow in the shadows can appear darker than soil or vegetation in the sunlight, making it difficult to interpret satellite data images of rugged terrains. This paper discusses methods for using Thematic Mapper (TM) and SPOT data for automatic analyses of alpine snow cover. Typical spectral signatures of the Landsat TM are analyzed for a range of snow types, atmospheric profiles, and topographic illumination conditions. A number of TM images of Sierra Nevada are analyzed to distinguish several classes of snow from other surface covers.

Landsat ecosystem disturbance adaptive processing system (LEDAPS) algorithm description

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schmidt, Gail; Jenkerson, Calli B.; Masek, Jeffrey; Vermote, Eric; Gao, Feng

2013-01-01

The Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) software was originally developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration–Goddard Space Flight Center and the University of Maryland to produce top-of-atmosphere reflectance from LandsatThematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Level 1 digital numbers and to apply atmospheric corrections to generate a surface-reflectance product.The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has adopted the LEDAPS algorithm for producing the Landsat Surface Reflectance Climate Data Record.This report discusses the LEDAPS algorithm, which was implemented by the USGS.

Eyesafe laser cloud mapper

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woodall, Milton A., II; Minch, J. R.; Nunez, J.; Keeter, Howard S.; Johnson, Anthony M.

1990-07-01

The performance of eyesafe erbium:glass lasers operating at a wavelength of 1. 54 urn has been tested under various natural and manmade obscurants. To obtain the maximum amount of information two distinct system configurations were employed. The first a laser cloud mapper was designed to provide a direct depth profile of smoke density and reflectivity as well as target position. The second configuration was a production military laser rangefinder. It is representative of systems currently incorporated in tactical armored vehicles and was used to provide a direct indication of target range. 1.

Analysis of nonlinear internal waves observed by Landsat thematic mapper

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Artale, V.; Levi, D.; Marullo, S.; Santoleri, R.

1990-09-01

In this work we test the compatibility between the theoretical parameters of a nonlinear wave model and the quantitative information that one can deduce from satellite-derived data. The theoretical parameters are obtained by applying an inverse problem to the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Korteweg-de Vries equation. Our results are applied to the case of internal wave patterns elaborated from two different satellite sensors at the south of Messina (the thematic mapper) and at the north of Messina (the synthetic aperture radar).

Thematic mapper studies band correlation analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ungar, S. G.; Kiang, R.

1976-01-01

Spectral data representative of thematic mapper candidate bands 1 and 3 to 7 were obtained by selecting appropriate combinations of bands from the JSC 24 channel multispectral scanner. Of all the bands assigned, only candidate bands 4 (.74 mu to .80 mu) and 5 (.80 mu to .91 mu) showed consistently high intercorrelation from region to region and time to time. This extremely high correlation persisted when looking at the composite data set in a multitemporal, multilocation domain. The GISS investigations lend positive confirmation to the hypothesis, that TM bands 4 and 5 are redundant.

E2 Cargo Transport--The Necessary Inclusion of Primary Oceanic Airlift

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

Energy Initiatives (L: Lead-; F: Follow-; W: Watch- Industry ) (Maybury, 2010:6...at the same time halting all supplies—including coal, food and fresh milk—which were drawn from the Soviet Sector…There was no longer any doubt...which consists of 223 C-17s and 111 C- 5s , provides a capacity of 35.9 million ton-miles per day (MTM/D). The peak for MCRS Case 1, which

Universal Zero Specular Reflection Curves for MetaMaterials

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

with their handedness, RH or LH. r   5 According to Holloway [7], we find that metasurfaces (or metafilms) can be used in place of MTMs in many...applications. Metafilm refers to thin metamaterial that is only one unit-cell thick. “ Metasurfaces have the advantage of taking up less physical space...than do full three-dimensional MTM structures.” [7] Further studies were conducted on metasurface characterization, various applications, and how

NATO Mobilization and Reinforcement: Can We Get There from Here?

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-30

of the USSR," Military Power , 1986, p . 93. 27. Pettavino. Paul J., Ibid. p . 1. 28. Carlucci, Frank C ., Ibid, p . 29. 29. Rowden. William H., Ibid, p ...mobility objectives (requirements) for the European theater: o Sixty-six million ton-miles-per-day (MTM/ D ) of cargo airlift. 25 o Sealift for one...Aircraft In Mili- tary Use," Independent Review of Economic, Political and Military Power , VOL. 33, Dec 88.

Mapper: high throughput maskless lithography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuiper, V.; Kampherbeek, B. J.; Wieland, M. J.; de Boer, G.; ten Berge, G. F.; Boers, J.; Jager, R.; van de Peut, T.; Peijster, J. J. M.; Slot, E.; Steenbrink, S. W. H. K.; Teepen, T. F.; van Veen, A. H. V.

2009-01-01

Maskless electron beam lithography, or electron beam direct write, has been around for a long time in the semiconductor industry and was pioneered from the mid-1960s onwards. This technique has been used for mask writing applications as well as device engineering and in some cases chip manufacturing. However because of its relatively low throughput compared to optical lithography, electron beam lithography has never been the mainstream lithography technology. To extend optical lithography double patterning, as a bridging technology, and EUV lithography are currently explored. Irrespective of the technical viability of both approaches, one thing seems clear. They will be expensive [1]. MAPPER Lithography is developing a maskless lithography technology based on massively-parallel electron-beam writing with high speed optical data transport for switching the electron beams. In this way optical columns can be made with a throughput of 10-20 wafers per hour. By clustering several of these columns together high throughputs can be realized in a small footprint. This enables a highly cost-competitive alternative to double patterning and EUV alternatives. In 2007 MAPPER obtained its Proof of Lithography milestone by exposing in its Demonstrator 45 nm half pitch structures with 110 electron beams in parallel, where all the beams where individually switched on and off [2]. In 2008 MAPPER has taken a next step in its development by building several tools. A new platform has been designed and built which contains a 300 mm wafer stage, a wafer handler and an electron beam column with 110 parallel electron beams. This manuscript describes the first patterning results with this 300 mm platform.

Spectroradiometric calibration of the Thematic Mapper and Multispectral Scanner system. [White Sands, New Mexico

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palmer, J. M. (Principal Investigator); Slater, P. N.

1984-01-01

The newly built Caste spectropolarimeters gave satisfactory performance during tests in the solar radiometer and helicopter modes. A bandwidth normalization technique based on analysis of the moments of the spectral responsivity curves was used to analyze the spectral bands of the MSS and TM subsystems of LANDSAT 4 and 5 satellites. Results include the effective wavelength, the bandpass, the wavelength limits, and the normalized responsivity for each spectral channel. Temperature coefficients for TM PF channel 6 were also derived. The moments normalization method used yields sensor parameters whose derivation is independent of source characteristics (i.e., incident solar spectral irradiance, atmospheric transmittance, or ground reflectance). The errors expected using these parameters are lower than those expected using other normalization methods.

CASK and CaMKII function in the mushroom body α′/β′ neurons during Drosophila memory formation

PubMed Central

Malik, Bilal R.; Gillespie, John Michael; Hodge, James J. L.

2013-01-01

Ca2+/CaM serine/threonine kinase II (CaMKII) is a central molecule in mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and memory. A vital feature of CaMKII in plasticity is its ability to switch to a calcium (Ca2+) independent constitutively active state after autophosphorylation at threonine 287 (T287). A second pair of sites, T306 T307 in the calmodulin (CaM) binding region once autophosphorylated, prevent subsequent CaM binding and inactivates the kinase during synaptic plasticity and memory. Recently a synaptic molecule called Ca2+/CaM-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) has been shown to control both sets of CaMKII autophosphorylation events and hence is well poised to be a key regulator of memory. We show deletion of full length CASK or just its CaMK-like and L27 domains disrupts middle-term memory (MTM) and long-term memory (LTM), with CASK function in the α′/β′ subset of mushroom body neurons being required for memory. Likewise directly changing the levels of CaMKII autophosphorylation in these neurons removed MTM and LTM. The requirement of CASK and CaMKII autophosphorylation was not developmental as their manipulation just in the adult α′/β′ neurons was sufficient to remove memory. Overexpression of CASK or CaMKII in the α′/β′ neurons also occluded MTM and LTM. Overexpression of either Drosophila or human CASK in the α′/β′ neurons of the CASK mutant completely rescued memory, confirming that CASK signaling in α′/β′ neurons is necessary and sufficient for Drosophila memory formation and that the neuronal function of CASK is conserved between Drosophila and human. At the cellular level CaMKII overexpression in the α′/β′ neurons increased activity dependent Ca2+ responses while reduction of CaMKII decreased it. Likewise reducing CASK or directly expressing a phosphomimetic CaMKII T287D transgene in the α′/β′ similarly decreased Ca2+ signaling. Our results are consistent with CASK regulating CaMKII autophosphorylation in a pathway required for memory formation that involves activity dependent changes in Ca2+ signaling in the α′/β′ neurons. PMID:23543616

Spatial-frequency variability of the eddy kinetic energy in the South Atlantic Ocean

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cecilio, C. M.; Gherardi, D. F.; Souza, R.; Correa-Ramirez, M.

2013-05-01

In the South Atlantic Ocean (SAO) part of the inter-oceanic flow is accomplished through the issuance of anticyclonic eddies by the Agulhas Retroflection. This region, known as Agulhas Leakage (AL), is responsible by the intermittent shedding of eddies in the SAO. The propagation of these eddies into the SAO induces wave processes that allows the interaction between modes of variability of different basins, ranging from high to low frequency. Modelling studies suggests that the Indian-Atlantic inter-ocean exchange is strongly related to the structure of the wind field, in particular with the position of the maximum Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. This study aims to investigate the variations of the large-scale and regional mesoscale eddy field over the SAO using a frequency domain technique, Multiple Taper Method with Singular Value Decomposition (MTM-SVD). The MTM-SVD approach is applied to examine the individual and joint spatiotemporal variability modes of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and winds stress. The EKE is estimated from geostrophic velocity anomalies data distributed by Aviso and winds stress from winds dataset of Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform (CCMP) project from PO.DAAC. The impact of the AL in the SAO, was assessed first for the entire region and subsequently applied in the regions of higher mesoscale activity, which are the Brazil-Malvinas Confluence (BMC), the AL, and the Brazilian Current (BC) region. The results of local fractional variance (LFV) of EKE obtained by the MTM-SVD method show a strong significant annual variability in SAO and BC region while in BMC and in AL this frequency is weaker. In the most energetic mesoscale activity regions (BMC and AL) the pattern of variability is distinct. In the BMC region the interannual variability is dominated while in the AL region the most part of variability is associated by high frequency. The joint LFV spectrum of wind and EKE show an out-of-phase relationship between the AL region and BMC region in the interannual frequencies (3 to 5 years). The dominant frequencies can be seen in 1,5 to 3 years period band and in the intrasazonal frequencies, 0,3 to 0,5 years. The results suggests that the EKE variability patterns are different in the SAO wich might be related to the influence of eddies from AL.

Mobile Health Technology Using a Wearable Sensorband for Female College Students With Problem Drinking: An Acceptability and Feasibility Study

PubMed Central

Silverman, Michelle; Sherpa, Dawa Phuti; Naegle, Madeline A; Kim, Hyorim; Coffman, Donna L; Ferdschneider, Marcy

2017-01-01

Background An increasing number of mobile app interventions have been developed for problem drinking among college students; however, few studies have examined the integration of a mobile app with continuous physiological monitoring and alerting of affective states related to drinking behaviors. Objective The aim of this paper was to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of Mind the Moment (MtM), a theoretically based intervention for female college students with problem drinking that combines brief, in-person counseling with ecological momentary intervention (EMI) on a mobile app integrated with a wearable sensorband. Methods We recruited 10 non-treatment seeking, female undergraduates from a university health clinic who scored a 3 or higher on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption (AUDIT-C) to participate in this pilot study. Study activities involved an in-person baseline intake and 1 follow-up assessment, 2 in-person alcohol brief intervention counseling sessions, and use of MtM technology components (sensorband and EMI on a mobile app) for approximately 3-4 weeks. The intervention used motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) strategies for reducing risks associated with drinking. We used both qualitative and quantitative assessments to measure acceptability of the intervention and feasibility of delivery. Use patterns of the sensorband and mobile app were also collected. Results Quantitative and qualitative data indicated high levels of acceptability for the MtM intervention. Altogether, participants made reports on the app on 26.7% (78/292) the days the technology was available to them and completed a total of 325 reports with wide variation between participants. Qualitative findings indicated that sensorband-elicited alerts promoted an increase in awareness of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to current environmental stressors and drinking behaviors in theoretically meaningful ways. Specific challenges related to functionality and form of the sensorband were identified. Conclusions Delivering intervention material “just-in-time,” at the moment participants need to use behavioral strategies has great potential to individualize behavioral interventions for reducing problem drinking and other health behaviors. These findings provide initial evidence for the promise of wearable sensors for increasing potency of theoretically grounded mobile health interventions and point to directions for future research and uptake of these technologies. PMID:28687533

Evaluation of SLAR and simulated thematic mapper MSS data for forest cover mapping using computer-aided analysis techniques

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoffer, R. M.; Dean, M. E.; Knowlton, D. J.; Latty, R. S.

1982-01-01

Kershaw County, South Carolina was selected as the study site for analyzing simulated thematic mapper MSS data and dual-polarized X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. The impact of the improved spatial and spectral characteristics of the LANDSAT D thematic mapper data on computer aided analysis for forest cover type mapping was examined as well as the value of synthetic aperture radar data for differentiating forest and other cover types. The utility of pattern recognition techniques for analyzing SAR data was assessed. Topics covered include: (1) collection and of TMS and reference data; (2) reformatting, geometric and radiometric rectification, and spatial resolution degradation of TMS data; (3) development of training statistics and test data sets; (4) evaluation of different numbers and combinations of wavelength bands on classification performance; (5) comparison among three classification algorithms; and (6) the effectiveness of the principal component transformation in data analysis. The collection, digitization, reformatting, and geometric adjustment of SAR data are also discussed. Image interpretation results and classification results are presented.

Remote sensing of coastal wetlands biomass using Thematic Mapper wavebands

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hardisky, M. A.; Klemas, V.

1985-01-01

Spectral data, simulating thematic mapper bands 3, 4 and 5 are gathered in salt and brackish marshes using a hand-held radiometer. Simple regression models are developed equating spectral radiance indices with total live biomass for S. alterniflora in a salt marsh and for a variety of plant species in a brackish marsh. Models are then tested using an independent set of data and compared to harvest estimates of biomass. In the salt marsh, biomass estimates from spectral data are similar to harvest biomass estimates during most of the growing season. Estimates of annual net aerial primary productivity calculated from spectral data are within 21% of production estimated from harvest data. During August, biomass estimates from spectral data in the brackish marsh are similar to biomass estimated by harvesting techniques. At other times during the growing season, spectral data estimates of biomass are not always comparable to harvest biomass estimates. Reasonable estimates of wetlands biomass are possible during the peak of the growing season (August) using spectral data similar to thematic mapper bands 3, 4 and 5 gathered with hand-held radiometers.

LANDSAT-D investigations in snow hydrology. [Sierra Nevada Mountains

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dozier, J.

1983-01-01

Thematic mapper data for the southern Sierra Nevada area were registered to digital topographic data and compared to LANDSAT MSS and NOAA-7 AVHRR data of snow covered areas in order to determine the errors associated with using coarser resolution and to qualify the information lost when high resolution data are not available. Both the zenith and the azimuth variations in the radiative field are considered in an atmospheric radiative transfer model which deals with a plane parallel structured atmosphere composed of different layers, each assumed to be homogeneous in composition and to have a linear in tau temperature profile. Astronomical parameters for each layer are Earth-Sun distance and solar flux at the top of the atmosphere. Atmospheric parameters include pressure temperature, chemical composition of the air molecules, and the composition and size of the aerosol, water droplets, and ice crystals. Outputs of the model are the monochromatic radiance and irradiance at each level. The use of the model in atmospheric correction of remotely sensed data is discussed.

The plume of the Yukon River in relation to the oceanography of the Bering Sea

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dean, Kenneson G.; Mcroy, C. Peter; Ahlnas, Kristina; Springer, Alan

1989-01-01

The ecosystem of the northern Bering-Sea shelf was studied using data from the NOAA Very High Resolution Radiometer and AVHRR and the Landsat MSS and Thematic Mapper (TM) in conjunction with shipboard measurements. Emphasis was placed on the influence of the Yukon River on this inner shelf environment and on the evaluation of the utility of the new Landsat TM data for oceanography. It was found that the patterns of water mass distribution obtained from satellite images agreed reasonably well with the areal patterns of temperature, salinity, and phytoplankton distributions. The AVHRR, MSS, and TM data show that the Yukon-River discharge is warmer and more turbid than the surrounding coastal water that originates to the south; thus, the Yukon water contributes to the higher temperatures and lower transmissivity of the coastal water. The high resolution of the TM thermal IR band made it possible to observe complex patterns and structures in the surface water that could not be resolved on previous data sets.

Preliminary JIRAM results from Juno polar observations: 3. Evidence of diffuse methane presence in the Jupiter auroral regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moriconi, M. L.; Adriani, A.; Dinelli, B. M.; Fabiano, F.; Altieri, F.; Tosi, F.; Filacchione, G.; Migliorini, A.; Gérard, J. C.; Mura, A.; Grassi, D.; Sindoni, G.; Piccioni, G.; Noschese, R.; Cicchetti, A.; Bolton, S. J.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Atreya, S. K.; Bagenal, F.; Gladstone, G. R.; Hansen, C.; Kurth, W. S.; Levin, S. M.; Mauk, B. H.; McComas, D. J.; Turrini, D.; Stefani, S.; Olivieri, A.; Amoroso, M.

2017-05-01

Throughout the first orbit of the NASA Juno mission around Jupiter, the Jupiter InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) targeted the northern and southern polar regions several times. The analyses of the acquired images and spectra confirmed a significant presence of methane (CH4) near both poles through its 3.3 μm emission overlapping the H3+ auroral feature at 3.31 μm. Neither acetylene (C2H2) nor ethane (C2H6) have been observed so far. The analysis method, developed for the retrieval of H3+ temperature and abundances and applied to the JIRAM-measured spectra, has enabled an estimate of the effective temperature for methane peak emission and the distribution of its spectral contribution in the polar regions. The enhanced methane inside the auroral oval regions in the two hemispheres at different longitude suggests an excitation mechanism driven by energized particle precipitation from the magnetosphere.

Fabrication of a First Article Lightweight Composite Technology Demonstrator - Exospine

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

core, (b) 0/90, and (c) ± 45 ply cuts of ACG-MTM 45-1/CF0526 prepreg fabric...onboard diagnostics. 2. Experimental 2.1 Materials Plain woven carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg and a low-density foam core were provided to ARL for the...fabrication of the exospine technology demonstrator by UD-CCM. The prepreg was ACG - MTM∗ 45-1/CF0526 and has a cured ply thickness of 0.201 mm. It is

Topographic Map of the West Candor Chasma Region of Mars, MTM 500k -05/282E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3396.0 km and a polar radius of 3376.8 km. The datum (the 0-km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface (gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter. The projection is part of a Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) system with 20? wide zones. For the area covered by this map sheet the central meridian is at 290? E. (70? W.). The scale factor at the central meridian of the zone containing this quadrangle is 0.9960 relative to a nominal scale of 1:500,000. Longitude increases to the east and latitude is planetocentric as allowed by IAU/IAG standards and in accordance with current NASA and USGS standards. A secondary grid (printed in red) has been added to the map as a reference to the west longitude/planetographic latitude system that is also allowed by IAU/IAG standards and has been used for previous Mars maps.

Topographic Map of the Ophir and Central Candor Chasmata Region of Mars MTM 500k -05/287E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3396.0 km and a polar radius of 3376.8 km. The datum (the 0-km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface (gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter. The projection is part of a Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) system with 20? wide zones. For the area covered by this map sheet the central meridian is at 290? E. (70? W.). The scale factor at the central meridian of the zone containing this quadrangle is 0.9960 relative to a nominal scale of 1:500,000. Longitude increases to the east and latitude is planetocentric as allowed by IAU/IAG standards and in accordance with current NASA and USGS standards. A secondary grid (printed in red) has been added to the map as a reference to the west longitude/planetographic latitude system that is also allowed by IAU/IAG standards and has been used for previous Mars maps.

Topographic map of the Tithonium Chasma Region of Mars, MTM 500k -05/277E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2004-01-01

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3396.0 km and a polar radius of 3376.8 km. The datum (the 0-km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface (gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter. The projection is part of a Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) system with 20? wide zones. For the area covered by this map sheet the central meridian is at 270? E. (70? W.). The scale factor at the central meridian of the zone containing this quadrangle is 0.9960 relative to a nominal scale of 1:500,000. Longitude increases to the east and latitude is planetocentric as allowed by IAU/IAG standards and in accordance with current NASA and USGS standards. A secondary grid (printed in red) has been added to the map as a reference to the west longitude/planetographic latitude system that is also allowed by IAU/IAG standards and has been used for previous Mars maps.

Large-scale, thick, self-assembled, nacre-mimetic brick-walls as fire barrier coatings on textiles

PubMed Central

Das, Paramita; Thomas, Helga; Moeller, Martin; Walther, Andreas

2017-01-01

Highly loaded polymer/clay nanocomposites with layered structures are emerging as robust fire retardant surface coatings. However, time-intensive sequential deposition processes, e.g. layer-by-layer strategies, hinders obtaining large coating thicknesses and complicates an implementation into existing technologies. Here, we demonstrate a single-step, water-borne approach to prepare thick, self-assembling, hybrid fire barrier coatings of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/montmorillonite (MTM) with well-defined, bioinspired brick-wall nanostructure, and showcase their application on textile. The coating thickness on the textile is tailored using different concentrations of CMC/MTM (1–5 wt%) in the coating bath. While lower concentrations impart conformal coatings of fibers, thicker continuous coatings are obtained on the textile surface from highest concentration. Comprehensive fire barrier and fire retardancy tests elucidate the increasing fire barrier and retardancy properties with increasing coating thickness. The materials are free of halogen and heavy metal atoms, and are sourced from sustainable and partly even renewable building blocks. We further introduce an amphiphobic surface modification on the coating to impart oil and water repellency, as well as self-cleaning features. Hence, our study presents a generic, environmentally friendly, scalable, and one-pot coating approach that can be introduced into existing technologies to prepare bioinspired, thick, fire barrier nanocomposite coatings on diverse surfaces. PMID:28054589

Steering of aggregating magnetic microparticles using propulsion gradients coils in an MRI Scanner.

PubMed

Mathieu, Jean-Baptiste; Martel, Sylvain

2010-05-01

Upgraded gradient coils can effectively enhance the MRI steering of magnetic microparticles in a branching channel. Applications of this method include MRI targeting of magnetic embolization agents for oncologic therapy. A magnetic suspension of Fe(3)O(4) magnetic particles was injected inside a y-shaped microfluidic channel. Magnetic gradients of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mT/m were applied to the magnetic particles perpendicularly to the flow by a custom-built gradient coil inside a 1.5-T MRI scanner. Measurement of the steering ratio was performed both by video analyses and quantification of the mass of the particles collected at each outlet of the microfluidic channel, using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Magnetic particles steering ratios of 0.99 and 0.75 were reached with 400 mT/m gradient amplitude and measured by video analyses and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively. Experimental data shows that the steering ratio increases with higher magnetic gradients. Moreover, theory suggests that larger particles (or aggregates), higher magnetizations, and lower flows can also be used to improve the steering ratio. The technological limitation of the approach is that an MRI gradient amplitude increase to a few hundred milliteslas per meter is needed. A simple analytical method based on magnetophoretic velocity predictions and geometric considerations is proposed for steering ratio calculation. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Delayed effects of low level acute irradiation and chronic environmental radioactive contamination on DNA lymphocytes of people living in Dolon, a settlement located in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (Kazakhstan).

PubMed

Chenal, C; Legue, F; Nourgalieva, K

2006-10-01

During 42 years several hundred nuclear tests were performed by the former USSR at the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS, Kazakhstan), of which more than 100 were done in the atmosphere. We report here the late genetic damage of external exposure to radiation and environmental radioactive contamination in people living in Dolon, a small settlement situated in the vicinity of the STS. The comet assay was applied on DNA lymphocytes of 20 exposed women and 32 non-exposed women living at 500 km from the STS. We observed a statistically significant difference between the exposed and control groups for mean tail moment (MTM) and DNA% in the tail. The mean values of all comet assay parameters (MTM, DNA% in the tail and score) were higher in the group of women born before 1949 as compared to those born after 1950, which could reflect an effect of external irradiation in 1949 due to the most contaminating explosion. These results suggest that people exposed 50 years ago to relatively small doses of external irradiation and/or still living in an environment contaminated by small amounts of long life radionuclides, still present DNA damage which is in agreement with other cytogenetical studies performed at the same site, on the same population.

Topographic map of the Parana Valles region of Mars MTM 500k -25/337E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2003-01-01

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. MTM 500k –25/347E OMKT: Abbreviation for Mars Transverse Mercator; 1:500,000 series; center of sheet latitude 25° S., longitude 347.5° E. in planetocentric coordinate system (this corresponds to –25/012; latitude 25° S., longitude 12.5° W. in planetographic coordinate system); orthophotomosaic (OM) with color coded (K) topographic contours and nomenclature (T) [Greeley and Batson, 1990]. The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3396.0 km and a polar radius of 3376.8 km (Kirk and others, 2000). The datum (the 0-km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface (gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (Smith and others, 2001). The image base for this map employs Viking Orbiter images from orbit 651. An orthophotomosaic was created on the digital photogrammetric workstation using the DTM compiled from stereo models. Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS) (Torson and Becker, 1997) provided the software to project the orthophotomosaic into the Transverse Mercator Projection.

Topographic Map of the Northwest Loire Valles Region of Mars MTM 500k -15/337E OMKT

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2003-01-01

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific interest on Mars. MTM 500k –15/337E OMKT: Abbreviation for Mars Transverse Mercator; 1:500,000 series; center of sheet latitude 15° S., longitude 337.5° E. in planetocentric coordinate system (this corresponds to –15/022; latitude 15° S., longitude 22.5° W. in planetographic coordinate system); orthophotomosaic (OM) with color coded (K) topographic contours and nomenclature (T) [Greeley and Batson, 1990]. The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3396.0 km and a polar radius of 3376.8 km (Kirk and others, 2000). The datum (the 0–km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface (gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (Smith and others, 2001). The image base for this map employs Viking Orbiter images from orbit 651. An orthophotomosaic was created on the digital photogrammetric workstation using the DTM compiled from stereo models. Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS) (Torson and Becker, 1997) provided the software to project the orthophotomosaic into the Transverse Mercator Projection.

On-board multispectral classification study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ewalt, D.

1979-01-01

The factors relating to onboard multispectral classification were investigated. The functions implemented in ground-based processing systems for current Earth observation sensors were reviewed. The Multispectral Scanner, Thematic Mapper, Return Beam Vidicon, and Heat Capacity Mapper were studied. The concept of classification was reviewed and extended from the ground-based image processing functions to an onboard system capable of multispectral classification. Eight different onboard configurations, each with varying amounts of ground-spacecraft interaction, were evaluated. Each configuration was evaluated in terms of turnaround time, onboard processing and storage requirements, geometric and classification accuracy, onboard complexity, and ancillary data required from the ground.

Landsat Thematic Mapper monitoring of turbid inland water quality

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lathrop, Richard G., Jr.

1992-01-01

This study reports on an investigation of water quality calibration algorithms under turbid inland water conditions using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) multispectral digital data. TM data and water quality observations (total suspended solids and Secchi disk depth) were obtained near-simultaneously and related using linear regression techniques. The relationships between reflectance and water quality for Green Bay and Lake Michigan were compared with results for Yellowstone and Jackson Lakes, Wyoming. Results show similarities in the water quality-reflectance relationships, however, the algorithms derived for Green Bay - Lake Michigan cannot be extrapolated to Yellowstone and Jackson Lake conditions.

Mineralogy of the Lunar Crust in Spatial Context: First Results from the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pieters, C. M.; Boardman, J.; Buratti, B.; Clark, R.; Combe, J-P; Green, R.; Goswami, J. N.; Head, J. W., III; Hicks, M.; Isaacson, P.;

Radiometric calibration of Landsat Thematic Mapper multispectral images

USGS Publications Warehouse

Chavez, P.S.

1989-01-01

A main problem encountered in radiometric calibration of satellite image data is correcting for atmospheric effects. Without this correction, an image digital number (DN) cannot be converted to a surface reflectance value. In this paper the accuracy of a calibration procedure, which includes a correction for atmospheric scattering, is tested. Two simple methods, a stand-alone and an in situ sky radiance measurement technique, were used to derive the HAZE DN values for each of the six reflectance Thematic Mapper (TM) bands. The DNs of two Landsat TM images of Phoenix, Arizona were converted to surface reflectances. -from Author

An Initial Analysis of LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper Data for the Discrimination of Agricultural, Forested Wetland, and Urban Land Covers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Quattrochi, D. A.

1984-01-01

An initial analysis of LANDSAT 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data for the discrimination of agricultural, forested wetland, and urban land covers is conducted using a scene of data collected over Arkansas and Tennessee. A classification of agricultural lands derived from multitemporal LANDSAT Multispectral Scanner (MSS) data is compared with a classification of TM data for the same area. Results from this comparative analysis show that the multitemporal MSS classification produced an overall accuracy of 80.91% while the TM classification yields an overall classification accuracy of 97.06% correct.

Thematic mapper data analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Settle, M.; Chavez, P.; Kieffer, H. H.; Everett, J. R.; Kahle, A. B.; Kitcho, C. A.; Milton, N. M.; Mouat, D. A.

1983-01-01

The geological applications of remote sensing technology are discussed, with emphasis given to the analysis of data from the Thematic Mapper (TM) instrument onboard the Landsat 4 satellite. The flight history and design characteristics of the Landsat 4/TM are reviewed, and some difficulties endountered in the interpretation of raw TM data are discussed, including: the volume of data; residual noise; detector-to-detector striping; and spatial misregistration between measurements. Preliminary results of several geological, lithological, geobotanical mapping experiments are presented as examples of the geological applications of the TM, and some areas for improving the guality of TM imagery are identified.

Comparison of existing digital image analysis systems for the analysis of Thematic Mapper data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Likens, W. C.; Wrigley, R. C.

1984-01-01

Most existing image analysis systems were designed with the Landsat Multi-Spectral Scanner in mind, leaving open the question of whether or not these systems could adequately process Thematic Mapper data. In this report, both hardware and software systems have been evaluated for compatibility with TM data. Lack of spectral analysis capability was not found to be a problem, though techniques for spatial filtering and texture varied. Computer processing speed and data storage of currently existing mini-computer based systems may be less than adequate. Upgrading to more powerful hardware may be required for many TM applications.

Lightning mapper sensor design study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eaton, L. R.; Poon, C. W.; Shelton, J. C.; Laverty, N. P.; Cook, R. D.

1983-01-01

World-wide continuous measurement of lightning location, intensity, and time during both day and night is to be provided by the Lightning Mapper (LITMAP) instrument. A technology assessment to determine if the LITMAP requirements can be met using existing sensor and electronic technologies is presented. The baseline concept discussed in this report is a compromise among a number of opposing requirements (e.g., ground resolution versus array size; large field of view versus narrow bandpass filter). The concept provides coverage for more than 80 percent of the lightning events as based on recent above-cloud NASA/U2 lightning measurements.

Titan Radar Mapper observations from Cassini's T3 fly-by

USGS Publications Warehouse

Elachi, C.; Wall, S.; Janssen, M.; Stofan, E.; Lopes, R.; Kirk, R.; Lorenz, R.; Lunine, J.; Paganelli, F.; Soderblom, L.; Wood, C.; Wye, L.; Zebker, H.; Anderson, Y.; Ostro, S.; Allison, M.; Boehmer, R.; Callahan, P.; Encrenaz, P.; Flamini, E.; Francescetti, G.; Gim, Y.; Hamilton, G.; Hensley, S.; Johnson, W.; Kelleher, K.; Muhleman, D.; Picardi, G.; Posa, F.; Roth, L.; Seu, R.; Shaffer, S.; Stiles, B.; Vetrella, S.; West, R.

2006-01-01

Cassini's Titan Radar Mapper imaged the surface of Saturn's moon Titan on its February 2005 fly-by (denoted T3), collecting high-resolution synthetic-aperture radar and larger-scale radiometry and scatterometry data. These data provide the first definitive identification of impact craters on the surface of Titan, networks of fluvial channels and surficial dark streaks that may be longitudinal dunes. Here we describe this great diversity of landforms. We conclude that much of the surface thus far imaged by radar of the haze-shrouded Titan is very young, with persistent geologic activity. ?? 2006 Nature Publishing Group.

Candidate configuration trade study, Stellar-inertial Measurement Systems (SIMS) for an Earth Observation Satellite (EOS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ogletree, G.; Coccoli, J.; Mckern, R.; Smith, M.; White, R.

1972-01-01

The results of analytical and simulation studies of the stellar-inertial measurement system (SIMS) for an earth observation satellite are presented. Subsystem design analyses and sensor design trades are reported. Three candidate systems are considered: (1) structure-mounted gyros with structure-mounted star mapper, (2) structure-mounted gyros with gimbaled star tracker, and (3) gimbaled gyros with structure-mounted star mapper. The purpose of the study is to facilitate the decisions pertaining to gimbaled versus structure-mounted gyros and star sensors, and combinations of systems suitable for the EOS satellite.