14 CFR 93.130 - Suspension of allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Suspension of allocations. 93.130 Section 93.130 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93...

14 CFR 93.130 - Suspension of allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Suspension of allocations. 93.130 Section 93.130 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93...

14 CFR 93.130 - Suspension of allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Suspension of allocations. 93.130 Section 93.130 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93...

14 CFR 93.130 - Suspension of allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Suspension of allocations. 93.130 Section 93.130 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93...

14 CFR 93.130 - Suspension of allocations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Suspension of allocations. 93.130 Section 93.130 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES High Density Traffic Airports § 93...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 93.219 - Allocation of slots for essential air service operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic... or from a High Density Traffic Airport under the Department of Transportation's Essential Air Service...

14 CFR 91.139 - Emergency air traffic rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Emergency air traffic rules. 91.139 Section...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.139 Emergency air traffic rules. (a) This section prescribes a process for utilizing Notices to Airmen...

14 CFR 91.139 - Emergency air traffic rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Emergency air traffic rules. 91.139 Section...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.139 Emergency air traffic rules. (a) This section prescribes a process for utilizing Notices to Airmen...

14 CFR 91.139 - Emergency air traffic rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Emergency air traffic rules. 91.139 Section...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.139 Emergency air traffic rules. (a) This section prescribes a process for utilizing Notices to Airmen...

14 CFR 93.211 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93.211 Applicability. (a) This subpart prescribes rules... individual air carriers and commuter operators at the High Density Traffic Airports identified in subpart K...

14 CFR 93.211 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93.211 Applicability. (a) This subpart prescribes rules... individual air carriers and commuter operators at the High Density Traffic Airports identified in subpart K...

14 CFR 93.211 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93.211 Applicability. (a) This subpart prescribes rules... individual air carriers and commuter operators at the High Density Traffic Airports identified in subpart K...

14 CFR 93.211 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93.211 Applicability. (a) This subpart prescribes rules... individual air carriers and commuter operators at the High Density Traffic Airports identified in subpart K...

14 CFR 93.211 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93.211 Applicability. (a) This subpart prescribes rules... individual air carriers and commuter operators at the High Density Traffic Airports identified in subpart K...

33 CFR 83.10 - Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Traffic separation schemes (Rule... Visibility § 83.10 Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10). (a) Obligations under other Rules unaffected. This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any...

33 CFR 83.10 - Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Traffic separation schemes (Rule... Visibility § 83.10 Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10). (a) Obligations under other Rules unaffected. This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any...

33 CFR 83.10 - Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Traffic separation schemes (Rule... Visibility § 83.10 Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10). (a) Obligations under other Rules unaffected. This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any...

33 CFR 83.10 - Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Traffic separation schemes (Rule... Visibility § 83.10 Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10). (a) Obligations under other Rules unaffected. This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any...

33 CFR 83.10 - Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Traffic separation schemes (Rule... Visibility § 83.10 Traffic separation schemes (Rule 10). (a) Obligations under other Rules unaffected. This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any...

Investigation of work zone crash casualty patterns using association rules.

PubMed

Weng, Jinxian; Zhu, Jia-Zheng; Yan, Xuedong; Liu, Zhiyuan

2016-07-01

Investigation of the casualty crash characteristics and contributory factors is one of the high-priority issues in traffic safety analysis. In this paper, we propose a method based on association rules to analyze the characteristics and contributory factors of work zone crash casualties. A case study is conducted using the Michigan M-94/I-94/I-94BL/I-94BR work zone crash data from 2004 to 2008. The obtained association rules are divided into two parts including rules with high-lift, and rules with high-support for the further analysis. The results show that almost all the high-lift rules contain either environmental or occupant characteristics. The majority of association rules are centered on specific characteristics, such as drinking driving, the highway with more than 4 lanes, speed-limit over 40mph and not use of traffic control devices. It should be pointed out that some stronger associated rules were found in the high-support part. With the network visualization, the association rule method can provide more understandable results for investigating the patterns of work zone crash casualties. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

14 CFR 93.217 - Allocation of slots for international operations and applicable limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES Allocation of Commuter and Air Carrier IFR Operations at High Density Traffic Airports § 93... available, additional slots during the high density hours shall be allocated at Kennedy Airport for new...

14 CFR 93.67 - General rules: Bryant segment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic shown on the appropriate aeronautical charts, and while in the traffic pattern, shall operate that airplane at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet MSL until... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal...

14 CFR 93.67 - General rules: Bryant segment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic shown on the appropriate aeronautical charts, and while in the traffic pattern, shall operate that airplane at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet MSL until... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal...

14 CFR 93.67 - General rules: Bryant segment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic shown on the appropriate aeronautical charts, and while in the traffic pattern, shall operate that airplane at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet MSL until... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal...

14 CFR 93.67 - General rules: Bryant segment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic shown on the appropriate aeronautical charts, and while in the traffic pattern, shall operate that airplane at an altitude of at least 1,000 feet MSL until... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal...

Sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward and traffic violations.

PubMed

Castellà, Josep; Pérez, Jorge

2004-11-01

The aim of our study consists of contributing information on the relationship between the personality variables derived from Gray's model and the conduct that accompanies the infringement of the road traffic rules. Seven hundred and ninety-two adults of both sexes took part in the study (389 men and 403 women), all of whom had driving licences and drove frequently. The subjects answered "The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire", a scale of monotony avoidance, and two Likert scales of attitude and behaviour in connection with traffic violations. We found a high positive relationship between attitude and behaviour, with the men infringing the rules more than the women. Hypotheses regarding a relationship between traffic offences and sensibility to reward and monotony avoidance were confirmed. Those people with high scores in sensitivity to punishment and low ones in sensitivity to reward were those who drove within the law, while those with low sensitivity to punishment and high sensitivity to reward were those who broke it more. Sensitivity to reward was a stronger determinant in encouraging infringement of the rules than was sensitivity to punishment in discouraging the subjects to do so.

A cellular automaton model for ship traffic flow in waterways

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qi, Le; Zheng, Zhongyi; Gang, Longhui

2017-04-01

With the development of marine traffic, waterways become congested and more complicated traffic phenomena in ship traffic flow are observed. It is important and necessary to build a ship traffic flow model based on cellular automata (CAs) to study the phenomena and improve marine transportation efficiency and safety. Spatial discretization rules for waterways and update rules for ship movement are two important issues that are very different from vehicle traffic. To solve these issues, a CA model for ship traffic flow, called a spatial-logical mapping (SLM) model, is presented. In this model, the spatial discretization rules are improved by adding a mapping rule. And the dynamic ship domain model is considered in the update rules to describe ships' interaction more exactly. Take the ship traffic flow in the Singapore Strait for example, some simulations were carried out and compared. The simulations show that the SLM model could avoid ship pseudo lane-change efficiently, which is caused by traditional spatial discretization rules. The ship velocity change in the SLM model is consistent with the measured data. At finally, from the fundamental diagram, the relationship between traffic ability and the lengths of ships is explored. The number of ships in the waterway declines when the proportion of large ships increases.

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Grade 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic skills, this curriculum guide for grade 4 deals with the how and why of traffic safety. Based on the introduction to highway safety rules and laws that students have mastered in grades K through 3, the program for grades 4 through…

Arizona Traffic Safety Education, K-8. Grade 5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mesa Public Schools, AZ.

One in a series designed to assist Arizona elementary and junior high school teachers in developing children's traffic skills, this curriculum guide for grade 5 deals with the how and why of traffic safety. Based on the introduction to highway safety rules and laws that students have mastered in grades K through 3, the program for grades 4 through…

Traffic rule violations of private bus drivers and bus crashes in Sri Lanka: a case-control study.

PubMed

Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Poudel, Krishna C; Nakahara, Shinji; Dharmaratne, Samath D; Jayatilleke, Achini Chinthika; Jimba, Masamine

2010-06-01

To explore the association between self-reported traffic rule violations of private sector bus drivers and bus crashes in the Kandy district, Sri Lanka. We carried out a case-control study from August to September 2006. Cases were all the private bus drivers registered in the Kandy district and involved in crashes reported to the police between November 2005 and April 2006 (n = 63). We included two control groups: the private bus drivers working on the same routes of the cases (n = 90; matched controls) and the drivers selected randomly from the other routes of the district (n = 111; unmatched controls). We used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on the self-reported traffic rule violations and analyzed the association between the self-reported traffic rule violations and crashes using logistic regression. The following variables showed significant associations with private bus crashes: illegal overtaking (matched controls, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.78, unmatched controls, AOR = 1.04), taking passengers outside the bus bays (matched controls, AOR = 3.96, unmatched controls, AOR = 2.29), and overloading (matched controls, AOR = 10.26, unmatched controls, AOR = 1.93). However, we did not observe an association between high-speed driving and bus crashes matched controls, AOR = 1.22, unmatched controls, AOR = 0.81. Traffic rule violations, such as illegal overtaking, overloading, and taking passengers outside the bus bays, are significant risk factors for private bus crashes in Sri Lanka.

14 CFR 93.57 - General rules: All segments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Area shall conform to the flow of traffic depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. (c) Each person operating a helicopter shall operate it in a manner so as to avoid the flow of airplanes. (d...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area...

14 CFR 93.57 - General rules: All segments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Area shall conform to the flow of traffic depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. (c) Each person operating a helicopter shall operate it in a manner so as to avoid the flow of airplanes. (d...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area...

14 CFR 93.57 - General rules: All segments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Area shall conform to the flow of traffic depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. (c) Each person operating a helicopter shall operate it in a manner so as to avoid the flow of airplanes. (d...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area...

14 CFR 93.57 - General rules: All segments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Area shall conform to the flow of traffic depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. (c) Each person operating a helicopter shall operate it in a manner so as to avoid the flow of airplanes. (d...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area...

14 CFR 93.57 - General rules: All segments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Area shall conform to the flow of traffic depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. (c) Each person operating a helicopter shall operate it in a manner so as to avoid the flow of airplanes. (d...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area...

14 CFR 93.331 - Purpose and applicability of this subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Washington, DC... prescribes special air traffic rules for aircraft operating in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area. Because identification and control of aircraft is required for reasons of national security, the areas described in this...

14 CFR 93.331 - Purpose and applicability of this subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Washington, DC... prescribes special air traffic rules for aircraft operating in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area. Because identification and control of aircraft is required for reasons of national security, the areas described in this...

32 CFR 700.1139 - Rules for preventing collisions, afloat and in the air.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... international air traffic regulations (14 CFR chapter I), and such other rules and regulations as may be... preventing collisions on the high seas, in inland waters or in the air, where such laws, rules and... the air. 700.1139 Section 700.1139 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF...

32 CFR 700.1139 - Rules for preventing collisions, afloat and in the air.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... international air traffic regulations (14 CFR chapter I), and such other rules and regulations as may be... preventing collisions on the high seas, in inland waters or in the air, where such laws, rules and... the air. 700.1139 Section 700.1139 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF...

32 CFR 700.1139 - Rules for preventing collisions, afloat and in the air.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... international air traffic regulations (14 CFR chapter I), and such other rules and regulations as may be... preventing collisions on the high seas, in inland waters or in the air, where such laws, rules and... the air. 700.1139 Section 700.1139 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF...

32 CFR 700.1139 - Rules for preventing collisions, afloat and in the air.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... international air traffic regulations (14 CFR chapter I), and such other rules and regulations as may be... preventing collisions on the high seas, in inland waters or in the air, where such laws, rules and... the air. 700.1139 Section 700.1139 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF...

32 CFR 700.1139 - Rules for preventing collisions, afloat and in the air.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... international air traffic regulations (14 CFR chapter I), and such other rules and regulations as may be... preventing collisions on the high seas, in inland waters or in the air, where such laws, rules and... the air. 700.1139 Section 700.1139 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF...

14 CFR 93.31 - Minimum usage requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... operating Carrier used for air traffic control communications, scheduled time of operation, origin airport...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Congestion and Delay Reduction at... shall identify any Common Ownership or control of, by, or with any other carrier. A senior official of...

14 CFR 93.31 - Minimum usage requirement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... operating Carrier used for air traffic control communications, scheduled time of operation, origin airport...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Congestion and Delay Reduction at... shall identify any Common Ownership or control of, by, or with any other carrier. A senior official of...

14 CFR 93.69 - Special requirements, Lake Campbell and Sixmile Lake Airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES... person operating an aircraft to or from Lake Campbell or Sixmile Lake Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic for the Lake operations that are depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. ...

14 CFR 93.69 - Special requirements, Lake Campbell and Sixmile Lake Airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES... person operating an aircraft to or from Lake Campbell or Sixmile Lake Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic for the Lake operations that are depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. ...

14 CFR 93.69 - Special requirements, Lake Campbell and Sixmile Lake Airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES... person operating an aircraft to or from Lake Campbell or Sixmile Lake Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic for the Lake operations that are depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. ...

14 CFR 93.69 - Special requirements, Lake Campbell and Sixmile Lake Airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES... person operating an aircraft to or from Lake Campbell or Sixmile Lake Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic for the Lake operations that are depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. ...

14 CFR 93.69 - Special requirements, Lake Campbell and Sixmile Lake Airports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES... person operating an aircraft to or from Lake Campbell or Sixmile Lake Airport shall conform to the flow of traffic for the Lake operations that are depicted on the appropriate aeronautical charts. ...

Automatic 3D high-fidelity traffic interchange modeling using 2D road GIS data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Jie; Shen, Yuzhong

2011-03-01

3D road models are widely used in many computer applications such as racing games and driving simulations. However, almost all high-fidelity 3D road models were generated manually by professional artists at the expense of intensive labor. There are very few existing methods for automatically generating 3D high-fidelity road networks, especially for those existing in the real world. Real road network contains various elements such as road segments, road intersections and traffic interchanges. Among them, traffic interchanges present the most challenges to model due to their complexity and the lack of height information (vertical position) of traffic interchanges in existing road GIS data. This paper proposes a novel approach that can automatically produce 3D high-fidelity road network models, including traffic interchange models, from real 2D road GIS data that mainly contain road centerline information. The proposed method consists of several steps. The raw road GIS data are first preprocessed to extract road network topology, merge redundant links, and classify road types. Then overlapped points in the interchanges are detected and their elevations are determined based on a set of level estimation rules. Parametric representations of the road centerlines are then generated through link segmentation and fitting, and they have the advantages of arbitrary levels of detail with reduced memory usage. Finally a set of civil engineering rules for road design (e.g., cross slope, superelevation) are selected and used to generate realistic road surfaces. In addition to traffic interchange modeling, the proposed method also applies to other more general road elements. Preliminary results show that the proposed method is highly effective and useful in many applications.

14 CFR 93.319 - Commercial air tour limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Commercial air tour limitations. 93.319... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.319 Commercial air tour limitations. (a) Unless excepted...

14 CFR 93.319 - Commercial air tour limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Commercial air tour limitations. 93.319... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.319 Commercial air tour limitations. (a) Unless excepted...

14 CFR 93.319 - Commercial air tour limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Commercial air tour limitations. 93.319... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.319 Commercial air tour limitations. (a) Unless excepted...

14 CFR 93.307 - Minimum flight altitudes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Minimum flight altitudes. 93.307 Section 93...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.307 Minimum flight altitudes. Except in an emergency, or if...

14 CFR 93.307 - Minimum flight altitudes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Minimum flight altitudes. 93.307 Section 93...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.307 Minimum flight altitudes. Except in an emergency, or if...

Ethical Predispositions to Violate or Obey Traffic Rules and the Mediating Role of Driving Styles.

PubMed

Holman, Andrei C; Popusoi, Simona A

2018-07-04

Traffic law violations are the most important determinants of traffic accidents. This study examined the influence of drivers' ethical perspective on their traffic violations and the mediating role of driving styles in these relationships. A sample of 313 drivers participated in the study. Contrary to expectations, high ethical relativism was found to be associated with fewer aggressive traffic violations. This suggests that the informal normative system that parallels the official traffic regulations is the more salient reference against which drivers usually assess the adequacy of their behaviors, highly relativistic drivers being more willing to also take into consideration the official traffic code in these appraisals. We also found significant interactions between idealism and relativism on both ordinary and aggressive violations. Idealism emerged as a predictor of these violations only in drivers low in relativism. In this group, one's concern about the harm that he/she might cause to other traffic participants induces higher traffic law abidingness. These influences of idealism were mediated by certain driving styles. Drivers' general ethical perspective fosters a specific pattern of driving styles and, consequently, the tendency to commit or to refrain from traffic violations.

76 FR 73829 - Connect America Fund; A National Broadband Plan for Our Future; Establishing Just and Reasonable...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... dollars annually: Access Stimulation. We adopt rules to address the practice of access stimulation, in... in access stimulation. Phantom Traffic. We adopt rules to address ``phantom traffic,'' i.e., calls...

Reasons underlying behaviour of motorcyclists disregarding traffic regulations in urban areas of Indonesia.

PubMed

Susilo, Yusak O; Joewono, Tri Basuki; Vandebona, Upali

2015-02-01

Over the last decade, motorcycle use has been rapidly increasing in Indonesia as have violations of traffic rules committed by motorcyclists. This study aims to explore the impacts of motorcyclists' attitudes, habits, preferences, and travel patterns on their behaviour in disregarding traffic regulations in three cities in Indonesia. The theory of planned behaviour and structural equation modelling are employed to explore these relationships. Consistent with results from previous studies in developed countries, an individual's beliefs and attitudes, social norms and perceived behaviour control significantly influence behaviour in disregarding traffic rules. Young adults and students are found to be more likely to frequently violate traffic regulations. However, unlike previous findings from developed countries, in Indonesia, males are less likely to disregard traffic rules than females. Overall, pushing the motorcycle through a (very) narrow gap, speeding, driving recklessly, and overtaking on the wrong side are the most frequent traffic violations that make up repetitive violation behaviour among urban motorcyclists in Indonesia. The results highlight the need to revisit Indonesian National Traffic Law traffic violation classification and penalties and separate violations that are likely to cause fatal results, thus requiring tougher law enforcement, from violations that are unlikely to have fatal consequences. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A self-adaptive algorithm for traffic sign detection in motion image based on color and shape features

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Ka; Sheng, Yehua; Gong, Zhijun; Ye, Chun; Li, Yongqiang; Liang, Cheng

2007-06-01

As an important sub-system in intelligent transportation system (ITS), the detection and recognition of traffic signs from mobile images is becoming one of the hot spots in the international research field of ITS. Considering the problem of traffic sign automatic detection in motion images, a new self-adaptive algorithm for traffic sign detection based on color and shape features is proposed in this paper. Firstly, global statistical color features of different images are computed based on statistics theory. Secondly, some self-adaptive thresholds and special segmentation rules for image segmentation are designed according to these global color features. Then, for red, yellow and blue traffic signs, the color image is segmented to three binary images by these thresholds and rules. Thirdly, if the number of white pixels in the segmented binary image exceeds the filtering threshold, the binary image should be further filtered. Fourthly, the method of gray-value projection is used to confirm top, bottom, left and right boundaries for candidate regions of traffic signs in the segmented binary image. Lastly, if the shape feature of candidate region satisfies the need of real traffic sign, this candidate region is confirmed as the detected traffic sign region. The new algorithm is applied to actual motion images of natural scenes taken by a CCD camera of the mobile photogrammetry system in Nanjing at different time. The experimental results show that the algorithm is not only simple, robust and more adaptive to natural scene images, but also reliable and high-speed on real traffic sign detection.

Distributed traffic signal control using fuzzy logic

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chiu, Stephen

1992-01-01

We present a distributed approach to traffic signal control, where the signal timing parameters at a given intersection are adjusted as functions of the local traffic condition and of the signal timing parameters at adjacent intersections. Thus, the signal timing parameters evolve dynamically using only local information to improve traffic flow. This distributed approach provides for a fault-tolerant, highly responsive traffic management system. The signal timing at an intersection is defined by three parameters: cycle time, phase split, and offset. We use fuzzy decision rules to adjust these three parameters based only on local information. The amount of change in the timing parameters during each cycle is limited to a small fraction of the current parameters to ensure smooth transition. We show the effectiveness of this method through simulation of the traffic flow in a network of controlled intersections.

14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60...

14 CFR 93.71 - General operating procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Flight Restrictions in the Vicinity... International Control Dam) to the United States/Canadian Border and thence along the border to the point of... to approval of Transport Canada, aircraft carrying law enforcement officials, or aircraft carrying...

14 CFR 93.29 - International Arrival Authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Congestion and Delay Reduction... marketing arrangement unless the flight was predominately marketed, by contract, under the control of another Carrier. If the flight was under the marketing control of another Carrier or the entire inventory...

14 CFR 93.352 - Hudson River Exclusion specific operating procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hudson River Exclusion specific operating procedures. 93.352 Section 93.352 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES New York Class B...

14 CFR 93.353 - East River Exclusion specific operating procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false East River Exclusion specific operating procedures. 93.353 Section 93.353 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES New York Class B...

14 CFR 129.19 - Air traffic rules and procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Air traffic rules and procedures. 129.19 Section 129.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... establish procedures to assure that each of its pilots has the knowledge required by paragraph (a) of this...

14 CFR 129.19 - Air traffic rules and procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Air traffic rules and procedures. 129.19 Section 129.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION... establish procedures to assure that each of its pilots has the knowledge required by paragraph (a) of this...

Studies of vehicle lane-changing dynamics and its effect on traffic efficiency, safety and environmental impact

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xiang; Sun, Jian-Qiao

2017-02-01

Drivers often change lanes on the road to maintain desired speed and to avoid slow vehicles, pedestrians, obstacles and lane closure. Understanding the effect of lane-changing on the traffic is an important topic in designing optimal traffic control systems. This paper presents a comprehensive study of this topic. We review the theory of microscopic dynamic car-following models and the lane-changing models, propose additional lane-changing rules to deal with moving bottleneck and lane reduction, and investigate the effects of lane-changing on the traffic efficiency, traffic safety and fuel consumption as a function of different variables including the distance of the emergency sign ahead of the lane closure, speed limit, traffic density, etc. Extensive simulations of the traffic system have been carried out in different scenarios. A number of important findings of the effect of various factors on the traffic are reported. These findings provide guidance on the traffic management and are important to the designers and engineers of modern highway or inner city roads to achieve high traffic efficiency and safety with minimum environmental impact.

An agent-based model for queue formation of powered two-wheelers in heterogeneous traffic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Tzu-Chang; Wong, K. I.

2016-11-01

This paper presents an agent-based model (ABM) for simulating the queue formation of powered two-wheelers (PTWs) in heterogeneous traffic at a signalized intersection. The main novelty is that the proposed interaction rule describing the position choice behavior of PTWs when queuing in heterogeneous traffic can capture the stochastic nature of the decision making process. The interaction rule is formulated as a multinomial logit model, which is calibrated by using a microscopic traffic trajectory dataset obtained from video footage. The ABM is validated against the survey data for the vehicular trajectory patterns, queuing patterns, queue lengths, and discharge rates. The results demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of replicating the observed queue formation process for heterogeneous traffic.

A traffic priority language for collision-free navigation of autonomous mobile robots in dynamic environments.

PubMed

Bourbakis, N G

1997-01-01

This paper presents a generic traffic priority language, called KYKLOFORTA, used by autonomous robots for collision-free navigation in a dynamic unknown or known navigation space. In a previous work by X. Grossmman (1988), a set of traffic control rules was developed for the navigation of the robots on the lines of a two-dimensional (2-D) grid and a control center coordinated and synchronized their movements. In this work, the robots are considered autonomous: they are moving anywhere and in any direction inside the free space, and there is no need of a central control to coordinate and synchronize them. The requirements for each robot are i) visual perception, ii) range sensors, and iii) the ability of each robot to detect other moving objects in the same free navigation space, define the other objects perceived size, their velocity and their directions. Based on these assumptions, a traffic priority language is needed for each robot, making it able to decide during the navigation and avoid possible collision with other moving objects. The traffic priority language proposed here is based on a set of primitive traffic priority alphabet and rules which compose pattern of corridors for the application of the traffic priority rules.

75 FR 60436 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-30

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it is releasing an interim...

76 FR 17841 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it is releasing the new...

75 FR 24667 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-05

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it released an interim change...

75 FR 10476 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-08

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it released an interim change...

75 FR 36643 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-28

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it will release an...

76 FR 776 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-06

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it is releasing an interim...

75 FR 15420 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-29

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it will release an interim...

76 FR 59119 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-23

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it has released an interim...

14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 60,...

14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 60,...

14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Pt. 93, SFAR No. 60, Note Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Editorial Note: Fo...

14 CFR 93.177 - Operations in the Special Air Traffic Rule Area.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Area. 93.177 Section 93.177 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... in the Vicinity of Luke AFB, AZ § 93.177 Operations in the Special Air Traffic Rule Area. (a) Unless... Luke Terminal Area designated in § 93.176 unless— (1) Before operating within the Luke Terminal area...

78 FR 23626 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Requests for Comments; Clearance of Renewed Approval of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

... Dependent Surveillance--Broadcast (ADS-B) Out Performance Requirements To Support Air Traffic Control (ATC.... The final rule titled ``Automatic Dependent Surveillance-- Broadcast (ADS-B) Equipage Mandate To... System. The rule facilitates the use of ADS-B for aircraft surveillance by FAA air traffic controllers to...

36 CFR 504.13 - Vehicular and pedestrian traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... times and shall comply with the signals and directions of the guards and all posted traffic signs. (b... traffic. 504.13 Section 504.13 Parks, Forests, and Public Property SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS § 504.13 Vehicular and pedestrian traffic...

Neural network for control of rearrangeable Clos networks.

PubMed

Park, Y K; Cherkassky, V

1994-09-01

Rapid evolution in the field of communication networks requires high speed switching technologies. This involves a high degree of parallelism in switching control and routing performed at the hardware level. The multistage crossbar networks have always been attractive to switch designers. In this paper a neural network approach to controlling a three-stage Clos network in real time is proposed. This controller provides optimal routing of communication traffic requests on a call-by-call basis by rearranging existing connections, with a minimum length of rearrangement sequence so that a new blocked call request can be accommodated. The proposed neural network controller uses Paull's rearrangement algorithm, along with the special (least used) switch selection rule in order to minimize the length of rearrangement sequences. The functional behavior of our model is verified by simulations and it is shown that the convergence time required for finding an optimal solution is constant, regardless of the switching network size. The performance is evaluated for random traffic with various traffic loads. Simulation results show that applying the least used switch selection rule increases the efficiency in switch rearrangements, reducing the network convergence time. The implementation aspects are also discussed to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.

14 CFR 137.45 - Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern... AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 137.45 Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern. Notwithstanding part 91 of this chapter, the pilot in command of an aircraft may deviate from an airport traffic...

14 CFR 137.45 - Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern... AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 137.45 Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern. Notwithstanding part 91 of this chapter, the pilot in command of an aircraft may deviate from an airport traffic...

14 CFR 137.45 - Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern... AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 137.45 Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern. Notwithstanding part 91 of this chapter, the pilot in command of an aircraft may deviate from an airport traffic...

14 CFR 137.45 - Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern... AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 137.45 Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern. Notwithstanding part 91 of this chapter, the pilot in command of an aircraft may deviate from an airport traffic...

14 CFR 137.45 - Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern... AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 137.45 Nonobservance of airport traffic pattern. Notwithstanding part 91 of this chapter, the pilot in command of an aircraft may deviate from an airport traffic...

77 FR 50090 - Update to the 26 September 2011 Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-20

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army Update to the 26 September 2011 Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) NO. 1 AGENCY: Department of the Army, DoD. SUMMARY: The Military Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (SDDC) is providing notice that it is releasing an...

14 CFR 93.28 - One-for-one trade of Arrival Authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false One-for-one trade of Arrival Authorizations. 93.28 Section 93.28 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Congestion and Delay Reduction at Chicago O'Hare International...

Effect of density on traffic and velocity on trunk trails of Formica pratensis.

PubMed

Hönicke, C; Bliss, P; Moritz, R F A

2015-04-01

The allocation of large numbers of workers facilitates the swift intake of locally available resources which is essential for ant colony survival. To organise the traffic between nest and food source, the black-meadow ant Formica pratensis establishes permanent trunk trails, which are maintained by the ants. To unravel the ant organisation and potential traffic rules on these trails, we analysed velocity and lane segregation under various densities by experimentally changing feeding regimes. Even under the highest ant densities achieved, we never observed any traffic jams. On the contrary, velocity increased after supplementary feeding despite an enhanced density. Furthermore, inbound ants returning to the nest had a higher velocity than those leaving the colony. Whilst at low and medium density the ants used the centre of the trail, they used the full width of the trail at high density. Outbound ants also showed some degree of lane segregation which contributes to traffic organisation.

47 CFR 51.701 - Scope of transport and termination pricing rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic at the terminating carrier's end office switch, or equivalent... Non-Access Reciprocal Compensation for transport and termination of Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic between LECs and other telecommunications carriers. (b) Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic. For...

47 CFR 51.701 - Scope of transport and termination pricing rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic at the terminating carrier's end office switch, or equivalent... Non-Access Reciprocal Compensation for transport and termination of Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic between LECs and other telecommunications carriers. (b) Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic. For...

14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

14 CFR 91.189 - Category II and III operations: General operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... pilot who is controlling the aircraft has appropriate instrumentation for the type of flight control... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules Instrument Flight Rules § 91.189 Category II and III operations: General operating rules. (a) No...

76 FR 23193 - Traffic Separation Schemes: In the Approaches to Portland, ME; Boston, MA; Narragansett Bay, RI...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-26

...-AB55 Traffic Separation Schemes: In the Approaches to Portland, ME; Boston, MA; Narragansett Bay, RI..., interim rule codifying traffic separation schemes in the approaches to Portland, ME; in the approaches to... Cape Fear River, NC, and updating the then-current regulations for the traffic separation scheme in the...

14 CFR 91.515 - Flight altitude rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight altitude rules. 91.515 Section 91...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.515 Flight altitude rules. (a...

Evolving optimised decision rules for intrusion detection using particle swarm paradigm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sivatha Sindhu, Siva S.; Geetha, S.; Kannan, A.

2012-12-01

The aim of this article is to construct a practical intrusion detection system (IDS) that properly analyses the statistics of network traffic pattern and classify them as normal or anomalous class. The objective of this article is to prove that the choice of effective network traffic features and a proficient machine-learning paradigm enhances the detection accuracy of IDS. In this article, a rule-based approach with a family of six decision tree classifiers, namely Decision Stump, C4.5, Naive Baye's Tree, Random Forest, Random Tree and Representative Tree model to perform the detection of anomalous network pattern is introduced. In particular, the proposed swarm optimisation-based approach selects instances that compose training set and optimised decision tree operate over this trained set producing classification rules with improved coverage, classification capability and generalisation ability. Experiment with the Knowledge Discovery and Data mining (KDD) data set which have information on traffic pattern, during normal and intrusive behaviour shows that the proposed algorithm produces optimised decision rules and outperforms other machine-learning algorithm.

76 FR 23191 - Traffic Separation Schemes: In the Strait of Juan de Fuca and Its Approaches; in Puget Sound and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-26

...-AA48 Traffic Separation Schemes: In the Strait of Juan de Fuca and Its Approaches; in Puget Sound and... rule codifying traffic separation schemes in the Strait of Juan de Fuca and its Approaches; in Puget... established these traffic separation schemes under authority of the Ports and Waterways Safety Act. DATES...

Democratic Education and the "Strategy of Material Obstacles": A Pedagogical Approach to the Enforcement of Traffic Rules in a Greek Town

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benincasa, Luciana

2016-01-01

This paper is about people's relationship to laws, rules and regulations in a Greek town. The aim is to describe specific traffic policies, point out the underlying pedagogical assumptions and assess their potential effect in relation to the goals of a democratic education. The study springs from the author's experience as a non-native inhabitant…

75 FR 68568 - Port Access Route Study: In the Bering Strait

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-08

... traffic separation scheme and the adjacent coast, to be used in accordance with the provisions of Rule 10... boundary. Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) means a routing measure aimed at the separation of opposing... includes traffic separation schemes, two-way routes, recommended tracks, areas to be avoided, no anchoring...

Conflict Resolution Performance in an Experimental Study of En Route Free Maneuvering Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Doble, Nathan A.; Barhydt, Richard; Hitt, James M., II

2005-01-01

NASA has developed a far-term air traffic management concept, termed Distributed Air/Ground Traffic Management (DAG-TM). One component of DAG-TM, En Route Free Maneuvering, allows properly trained flight crews of equipped autonomous aircraft to assume responsibility for separation from other autonomous aircraft and from Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft. Ground-based air traffic controllers continue to separate IFR traffic and issue flow management constraints to all aircraft. To examine En Route Free Maneuvering operations, a joint human-in-the-loop experiment was conducted in summer 2004 at the NASA Ames and Langley Research Centers. Test subject pilots used desktop flight simulators to resolve traffic conflicts and adhere to air traffic flow constraints issued by subject controllers. The experimental airspace integrated both autonomous and IFR aircraft at varying traffic densities. This paper presents a subset of the En Route Free Maneuvering experimental results, focusing on airborne and ground-based conflict resolution, and the effects of increased traffic levels on the ability of pilots and air traffic controllers to perform this task. The results show that, in general, increases in autonomous traffic do not significantly impact conflict resolution performance. In addition, pilot acceptability of autonomous operations remains high throughout the range of traffic densities studied. Together with previously reported findings, these results continue to support the feasibility of the En Route Free Maneuvering component of DAG-TM.

Stability and Responsiveness in a Self-Organized Living Architecture

PubMed Central

Garnier, Simon; Murphy, Tucker; Lutz, Matthew; Hurme, Edward; Leblanc, Simon; Couzin, Iain D.

2013-01-01

Robustness and adaptability are central to the functioning of biological systems, from gene networks to animal societies. Yet the mechanisms by which living organisms achieve both stability to perturbations and sensitivity to input are poorly understood. Here, we present an integrated study of a living architecture in which army ants interconnect their bodies to span gaps. We demonstrate that these self-assembled bridges are a highly effective means of maintaining traffic flow over unpredictable terrain. The individual-level rules responsible depend only on locally-estimated traffic intensity and the number of neighbours to which ants are attached within the structure. We employ a parameterized computational model to reveal that bridges are tuned to be maximally stable in the face of regular, periodic fluctuations in traffic. However analysis of the model also suggests that interactions among ants give rise to feedback processes that result in bridges being highly responsive to sudden interruptions in traffic. Subsequent field experiments confirm this prediction and thus the dual nature of stability and flexibility in living bridges. Our study demonstrates the importance of robust and adaptive modular architecture to efficient traffic organisation and reveals general principles regarding the regulation of form in biological self-assemblies. PMID:23555219

Characteristics of traffic flow at nonsignalized T-shaped intersection with U-turn movements.

PubMed

Fan, Hong-Qiang; Jia, Bin; Li, Xin-Gang; Tian, Jun-Fang; Yan, Xue-Dong

2013-01-01

Most nonsignalized T-shaped intersections permit U-turn movements, which make the traffic conditions of intersection complex. In this paper, a new cellular automaton (CA) model is proposed to characterize the traffic flow at the intersection of this type. In present CA model, new rules are designed to avoid the conflicts among different directional vehicles and eliminate the gridlock. Two kinds of performance measures (i.e., flux and average control delay) for intersection are compared. The impacts of U-turn movements are analyzed under different initial conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that (i) the average control delay is more practical than flux in measuring the performance of intersection, (ii) U-turn movements increase the range and degree of high congestion, and (iii) U-turn movements on the different direction of main road have asymmetrical influences on the traffic conditions of intersection.

76 FR 45195 - International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Electronic Payment of Registration Fees

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-28

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE 22 CFR Parts 120, 122, 123, and 129 RIN 1400-AC74 [Public Notice 7538] International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Electronic Payment of Registration Fees AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Department of State is amending the International Traffic in Arms...

Watch Out! A Teacher's Guide to Traffic Safety.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York City Board of Education, Brooklyn, NY. Div. of Curriculum and Instruction.

This guide provides teachers with activities that can initiate an awareness of the New York city-wide traffic safety campaign and reinforce safety education. It contains the following: (1) background information on safety rules for teachers; (2) curriculum topics that can include traffic safety issues; (3) class- and school-wide activities for…

75 FR 8286 - Proposed Amendment of Area Navigation Route Q-15; California

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-24

...- day traffic flow on Q-15 within the NAS. Area Navigation Routes are published in paragraph 2006 of FAA... http://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review the public docket... affect air traffic procedures and air navigation, it is certified that this proposed rule, when...

76 FR 77386 - Amendment to and Establishment of Restricted Areas; Warren Grove, NJ

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-13

... Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) and Washington ARTCC. To minimize potential impact to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) traffic flows, the FAA will only authorize activation of these areas when New York and Washington ARTCCs determine there would be minimal to no impact on IFR traffic operating in the affected area...

36 CFR 520.14 - Vehicular and pedestrian traffic.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... § 520.14 Vehicular and pedestrian traffic. (a) Drivers of all vehicles in or on the premises shall drive in a careful and safe manner at all times and shall comply with the signals and directions of the... traffic. 520.14 Section 520.14 Parks, Forests, and Public Property SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION RULES AND...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special Operating Rules for the Conduct of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Area Navigation (RNAV) Operations using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) in... ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL...

Characteristics of traffic flow at a non-signalized intersection in the framework of game theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fan, Hongqiang; Jia, Bin; Tian, Junfang; Yun, Lifen

2014-12-01

At a non-signalized intersection, some vehicles violate the traffic rules to pass the intersection as soon as possible. These behaviors may cause many traffic conflicts even traffic accidents. In this paper, a simulation model is proposed to research the effects of these behaviors at a non-signalized intersection. Vehicle’s movement is simulated by the cellular automaton (CA) model. The game theory is introduced for simulating the intersection dynamics. Two types of driver participate the game process: cooperator (C) and defector (D). The cooperator obey the traffic rules, but the defector does not. A transition process may occur when the cooperator is waiting before the intersection. The critical value of waiting time follows the Weibull distribution. One transition regime is found in the phase diagram. The simulation results illustrate the applicability of the proposed model and reveal a number of interesting insights into the intersection management, including that the existence of defectors is benefit for the capacity of intersection, but also reduce the safety of intersection.

Metric traffic signal design manual

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-03-01

This manual is for information purposes only and may be used to aid new employees, and those unfamiliar with ODOT Traffic Engineering practices, in accessing and applying applicable standards, statutes, rules, and policies related to railroad preempt...

Analyzing fault and severity in pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents in China.

PubMed

Zhang, Guangnan; Yau, Kelvin K W; Zhang, Xun

2014-12-01

The number of pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents and pedestrian deaths in China surged in recent years. However, a large scale empirical research on pedestrian traffic crashes in China is lacking. In this study, we identify significant risk factors associated with fault and severity in pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents. Risk factors in several different dimensions, including pedestrian, driver, vehicle, road and environmental factors, are considered. We analyze 6967 pedestrian traffic accident reports for the period 2006-2010 in Guangdong Province, China. These data, obtained from the Guangdong Provincial Security Department, are extracted from the Traffic Management Sector-Specific Incident Case Data Report. Pedestrian traffic crashes have a unique inevitability and particular high risk, due to pedestrians' fragility, slow movement and lack of lighting equipment. The empirical analysis of the present study has the following policy implications. First, traffic crashes in which pedestrians are at fault are more likely to cause serious injuries or death, suggesting that relevant agencies should pay attention to measures that prevent pedestrians from violating traffic rules. Second, both the attention to elderly pedestrians, male and experienced drivers, the penalty to drunk driving, speeding, driving without a driver's license and other violation behaviors should be strengthened. Third, vehicle safety inspections and safety training sessions for truck drivers should be reinforced. Fourth, improving the road conditions and road lighting at night are important measures in reducing the probability of accident casualties. Fifth, specific road safety campaigns in rural areas, and education programs especially for young children and teens should be developed and promoted. Moreover, we reveal a country-specific factor, hukou, which has significant effect on the severity in pedestrian accidents due to the discrepancy in the level of social insurance/security, suggesting that equal social security level among urban and rural people should be set up. In addition, establishing a comprehensive liability distribution system for non-urban areas and roadways will be conducive to both pedestrians' and drivers' voluntary compliance with traffic rules. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

49 CFR 37.211 - Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES (ADA) Over-the-Road Buses (OTRBs) § 37.211 Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules... 49 Transportation 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules. 37.211... National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or Federal Highway Administration safety rule. ...

49 CFR 37.211 - Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES (ADA) Over-the-Road Buses (OTRBs) § 37.211 Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of NHTSA and FHWA safety rules. 37.211... National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or Federal Highway Administration safety rule. ...

49 CFR 511.1 - Scope of the rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope of the rules. 511.1 Section 511.1 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ADJUDICATIVE PROCEDURES Scope of Rules; Nature of Adjudicative...

14 CFR 91.615-91.699 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Additional Equipment and Operating Requirements for Large and Transport Category Aircraft §§ 91.615-91.699 [Reserved] ...

A new simulation system of traffic flow based on cellular automata principle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shan, Junru

2017-05-01

Traffic flow is a complex system of multi-behavior so it is difficult to give a specific mathematical equation to express it. With the rapid development of computer technology, it is an important method to study the complex traffic behavior by simulating the interaction mechanism between vehicles and reproduce complex traffic behavior. Using the preset of multiple operating rules, cellular automata is a kind of power system which has discrete time and space. It can be a good simulation of the real traffic process and a good way to solve the traffic problems.

14 CFR 91.871 - Waivers from interim compliance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating... relevant, including, as appropriate, the following: (1) The applicant's balance sheet and cash flow...

14 CFR 91.871 - Waivers from interim compliance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating... relevant, including, as appropriate, the following: (1) The applicant's balance sheet and cash flow...

14 CFR 91.871 - Waivers from interim compliance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating... relevant, including, as appropriate, the following: (1) The applicant's balance sheet and cash flow...

14 CFR 91.871 - Waivers from interim compliance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating... relevant, including, as appropriate, the following: (1) The applicant's balance sheet and cash flow...

14 CFR 91.871 - Waivers from interim compliance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating... relevant, including, as appropriate, the following: (1) The applicant's balance sheet and cash flow...

33 CFR 167.10 - Operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Operating rules. 167.10 Section 167.10 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) PORTS AND WATERWAYS SAFETY OFFSHORE TRAFFIC SEPARATION SCHEMES General § 167.10 Operating rules. The...

14 CFR 91.1075 - Training program: Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... the following are eligible under this subpart to conduct training, testing, and checking under... chapter to conduct training, testing, and checking required by this subpart if the training center— (1...

14 CFR 91.1075 - Training program: Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... the following are eligible under this subpart to conduct training, testing, and checking under... chapter to conduct training, testing, and checking required by this subpart if the training center— (1...

14 CFR 91.1075 - Training program: Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... the following are eligible under this subpart to conduct training, testing, and checking under... chapter to conduct training, testing, and checking required by this subpart if the training center— (1...

14 CFR 91.1075 - Training program: Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... the following are eligible under this subpart to conduct training, testing, and checking under... chapter to conduct training, testing, and checking required by this subpart if the training center— (1...

14 CFR 91.1075 - Training program: Special rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... the following are eligible under this subpart to conduct training, testing, and checking under... chapter to conduct training, testing, and checking required by this subpart if the training center— (1...

Using Inspiration from Synaptic Plasticity Rules to Optimize Traffic Flow in Distributed Engineered Networks.

PubMed

Suen, Jonathan Y; Navlakha, Saket

2017-05-01

Controlling the flow and routing of data is a fundamental problem in many distributed networks, including transportation systems, integrated circuits, and the Internet. In the brain, synaptic plasticity rules have been discovered that regulate network activity in response to environmental inputs, which enable circuits to be stable yet flexible. Here, we develop a new neuro-inspired model for network flow control that depends only on modifying edge weights in an activity-dependent manner. We show how two fundamental plasticity rules, long-term potentiation and long-term depression, can be cast as a distributed gradient descent algorithm for regulating traffic flow in engineered networks. We then characterize, both by simulation and analytically, how different forms of edge-weight-update rules affect network routing efficiency and robustness. We find a close correspondence between certain classes of synaptic weight update rules derived experimentally in the brain and rules commonly used in engineering, suggesting common principles to both.

Simple cellular automaton model for traffic breakdown, highway capacity, and synchronized flow.

PubMed

Kerner, Boris S; Klenov, Sergey L; Schreckenberg, Michael

2011-10-01

We present a simple cellular automaton (CA) model for two-lane roads explaining the physics of traffic breakdown, highway capacity, and synchronized flow. The model consists of the rules "acceleration," "deceleration," "randomization," and "motion" of the Nagel-Schreckenberg CA model as well as "overacceleration through lane changing to the faster lane," "comparison of vehicle gap with the synchronization gap," and "speed adaptation within the synchronization gap" of Kerner's three-phase traffic theory. We show that these few rules of the CA model can appropriately simulate fundamental empirical features of traffic breakdown and highway capacity found in traffic data measured over years in different countries, like characteristics of synchronized flow, the existence of the spontaneous and induced breakdowns at the same bottleneck, and associated probabilistic features of traffic breakdown and highway capacity. Single-vehicle data derived in model simulations show that synchronized flow first occurs and then self-maintains due to a spatiotemporal competition between speed adaptation to a slower speed of the preceding vehicle and passing of this slower vehicle. We find that the application of simple dependences of randomization probability and synchronization gap on driving situation allows us to explain the physics of moving synchronized flow patterns and the pinch effect in synchronized flow as observed in real traffic data.

14 CFR 91.875 - Annual progress reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating Noise Limits § 91... report, that specific planning data be considered proprietary. (e) If an operator's actions during any...

14 CFR 91.875 - Annual progress reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating Noise Limits § 91... report, that specific planning data be considered proprietary. (e) If an operator's actions during any...

14 CFR 91.875 - Annual progress reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating Noise Limits § 91... report, that specific planning data be considered proprietary. (e) If an operator's actions during any...

14 CFR 91.875 - Annual progress reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating Noise Limits § 91... report, that specific planning data be considered proprietary. (e) If an operator's actions during any...

14 CFR 91.875 - Annual progress reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Operating Noise Limits § 91... report, that specific planning data be considered proprietary. (e) If an operator's actions during any...

The road traffic crashes as a neglected public health concern; an observational study from Iranian population.

PubMed

Bakhtiyari, Mahmood; Delpisheh, Ali; Monfared, Ayad Bahadori; Kazemi-Galougahi, Mohammad Hassan; Mehmandar, Mohammad Reza; Riahi, Mohammad; Salehi, Masoud; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali

2015-01-01

Traffic crashes are multifactorial events caused by human factors, technical issues, and environmental conditions. The present study aimed to determine the role of human factors in traffic crashes in Iran using the proportional odds regression model. The database of all traffic crashes in Iran in 2010 (n = 592, 168) registered through the "COM.114" police forms was investigated. Human risk factors leading to traffic crashes were determined and the odds ratio (OR) of each risk factor was estimated using an ordinal regression model and adjusted for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, and lighting status within and outside of cities. The drivers' mean age ± standard deviation was 34.1 ± 14.0 years. The most prevalent risk factors leading to death within cities were disregarding traffic rules and regulations (45%), driver rushing (31%), and alcohol consumption (12.3%). Using the proportional odds regression model, alcohol consumption was the most significant human risk factor in traffic crashes within cities (OR = 6.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.88-8.65) and outside of cities (OR = 1.73, 95% CI, 1.22-3.29). Public health strategies and preventive policies should be focused on more common human risk factors such as disregarding traffic rules and regulations, drivers' rushing, and alcohol consumption due to their greater population attributable fraction and more intuitive impacts on society.

Bicycle accidents among teenagers

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-10-01

The report shows that knowledge of traffic rules does not contribute to reduce the accident risk, or injury risk of young cyclists. Running red lights and cycling in the wrong direction in one-way traffic increase accident and injury risk. Using cycl...

Senales de Trafico. Ingles-Espanol = Traffic Signs. English-Spanish [and] English-Spanish Road Signs for American Tourists.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grosse, Philip

Two English/Spanish bilingual glossaries define words and phrases found on traffic signs. The first is an extensive alphabetical checklist of sign messages, listed in English with translations in Spanish. Some basic traffic and speed limit rules are included. The second volume, in Spanish-to-English form, is a pocket version designed for American…

Autonomous Flight Rules - A Concept for Self-Separation in U.S. Domestic Airspace

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wing, David J.; Cotton, William B.

2011-01-01

Autonomous Flight Rules (AFR) are proposed as a new set of operating regulations in which aircraft navigate on tracks of their choice while self-separating from traffic and weather. AFR would exist alongside Instrument and Visual Flight Rules (IFR and VFR) as one of three available flight options for any appropriately trained and qualified operator with the necessary certified equipment. Historically, ground-based separation services evolved by necessity as aircraft began operating in the clouds and were unable to see each other. Today, technologies for global navigation, airborne surveillance, and onboard computing enable the functions of traffic conflict management to be fully integrated with navigation procedures onboard the aircraft. By self-separating, aircraft can operate with more flexibility and fewer restrictions than are required when using ground-based separation. The AFR concept is described in detail and provides practical means by which self-separating aircraft could share the same airspace as IFR and VFR aircraft without disrupting the ongoing processes of Air Traffic Control.

Self-control of traffic lights and vehicle flows in urban road networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lämmer, Stefan; Helbing, Dirk

2008-04-01

Based on fluid-dynamic and many-particle (car-following) simulations of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordinating incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self-organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottlenecks, we propose a self-organization approach to traffic light control. The problem can be treated as a multi-agent problem with interactions between vehicles and traffic lights. Specifically, our approach assumes a priority-based control of traffic lights by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account short-sighted anticipation of vehicle flows and platoons. The considered local interactions lead to emergent coordination patterns such as 'green waves' and achieve an efficient, decentralized traffic light control. While the proposed self-control adapts flexibly to local flow conditions and often leads to non-cyclical switching patterns with changing service sequences of different traffic flows, an almost periodic service may evolve under certain conditions and suggests the existence of a spontaneous synchronization of traffic lights despite the varying delays due to variable vehicle queues and travel times. The self-organized traffic light control is based on an optimization and a stabilization rule, each of which performs poorly at high utilizations of the road network, while their proper combination reaches a superior performance. The result is a considerable reduction not only in the average travel times, but also of their variation. Similar control approaches could be applied to the coordination of logistic and production processes.

14 CFR 99.12 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 99.12 Section 99.12 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General § 99.12 [Reserved] ...

Transcription and replication: breaking the rules of the road causes genomic instability.

PubMed

Poveda, Ana Maria; Le Clech, Mikael; Pasero, Philippe

2010-01-01

Replication and transcription machineries progress at high speed on the same DNA template, which inevitably causes traffic accidents. Problems are not only caused by frontal collisions between polymerases, but also by cotranscriptional R-loops. These RNA-DNA hybrids induce genomic instability by blocking fork progression and could be implicated in the development of cancer.

77 FR 43165 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Lafourche Bayou, LA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-24

... delay the effective date of this rule by providing a full 30 days notice. The school year starts on or... students of South Lafourche High School requested that the start time for this bridge regulation be 15 minutes earlier, 6:45 a.m. as opposed to 7 a.m., to accommodate the school traffic in this area during...

14 CFR 93.335 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight Rules Area § 93.335 Definitions. For purposes of this subpart— DC FRZ flight plan is a flight plan filed... the DC FRZ. This flight plan is separate and distinct from a standard VFR flight plan, and does not...

14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

14 CFR 91.105 - Flight crewmembers at stations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight crewmembers at stations. 91.105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Flight Rules General § 91.105 Flight crewmembers at stations. (a) During takeoff and landing, and while en route, each...

14 CFR 93.323 - Flight plans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Flight plans. 93.323 Section 93.323... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ § 93.323 Flight plans. Each certificate holder conducting a commercial SFRA...

47 CFR 51.701 - Scope of transport and termination pricing rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... carriers is either a bill-and-keep arrangement, per § 51.713, or an arrangement in which each carrier... rules. 51.701 Section 51.701 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON... Telecommunications Traffic § 51.701 Scope of transport and termination pricing rules. (a) Effective December 29, 2011...

14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

14 CFR 91.711 - Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... aircraft of U.S. manufacture for the purpose of— (i) Flight testing the aircraft; (ii) Training foreign... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Foreign... States shall give flight notification or file a flight plan in accordance with the Supplementary...

Simulation studies of STOL airplane operations in metropolitan downtown and airport air traffic control environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sawyer, R. H.; Mclaughlin, M. D.

1974-01-01

The operating problems and equipment requirements for STOL airplanes in terminal area operations in simulated air traffic control (ATC) environments were studied. These studies consisted of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) arrivals and departures in the New York area to and from a downtown STOL port, STOL runways at John F. Kennedy International Airport, or STOL runways at a hypothetical international airport. The studies were accomplished in real time by using a STOL airplane flight simulator. An experimental powered lift STOL airplane and two in-service airplanes having high aerodynamic lift (i.e., STOL) capability were used in the simulations.

The association of road safety knowledge and risk behaviour with paediatric road traffic injury in Guangzhou, China.

PubMed

Dong, Xiaomei; Peek-Asa, Corinne; Yang, Jingzhen; Wang, Shengyong; Chen, Xiongfei; Chi, Guibo; Ramirez, Marizen

2011-02-01

This study describes road traffic injuries among school-aged children in Guangzhou, China, and examines the effect of road safety knowledge and risk behaviours on road traffic injuries. A stratified cluster sample of 3747 children from six primary schools and six middle schools in Guangzhou, China, was surveyed. Data were collected on sociodemographic factors and road traffic injuries during the past year. Knowledge about road safety rules was assessed using a 14-item road safety knowledge index, and risky road safety behaviours were measured using a 25-item road safety behaviour index. A total of 403 (10.8%) students reported having at least one road traffic injury during the past 12 months. A high proportion of injuries was found among children who were boys, in primary school and from the suburbs. Bicycle-related injuries were the most common (46.0% of all injuries). Motor vehicle-related injuries had higher hospitalisation rates and worse psychological impact than bicycle or pedestrian injuries. Children with low and medium road safety knowledge had 1.5 to 3 times the odds of injury compared with students with high road safety knowledge. Students with high scores on the risky road behaviour index had twice the odds of injury (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.84) compared with students with low scores. Better road safety knowledge and the avoidance of walking or cycling-related risk behaviours are protective factors for road traffic injuries among Chinese school children. More injury prevention programmes are needed to improve road safety knowledge and reduce risk behaviours.

14 CFR 93.253 - Nonstop operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport... between Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and another airport that is more than 1,250 miles away from Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. ...

14 CFR 93.253 - Nonstop operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport... between Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and another airport that is more than 1,250 miles away from Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. ...

14 CFR 99.41 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General. 99.41 Section 99.41 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC Designated Air Defense Identification Zones § 99...

49 CFR 397.65 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...; DRIVING AND PARKING RULES Routing of Non-Radioactive Hazardous Materials § 397.65 Definitions. For... the United States Department of Transportation, or his/her designate. Commerce. Any trade, traffic, or... of a State or Indian tribe but which affects trade, traffic, or transportation described in...

[Traffic accidents associated with emotional stress after divorce].

PubMed

Cui, Li-Juan; Yi, Xu-Fu; Chen, Xiao-Gang

2009-04-01

In recent years, the traffic accidents increased gradually, especially those caused by the drivers daily emotional abnormality and in which the drivers were liable. This article reviewed the traffic accidents caused by divorced driver's emotional abnormality, illustrated the features of those accidents from the gender, age, occupation and mileage of drivers. It was considered that the major cause of those accidents was excessive drinking due to drivers' emotional stress. Suggestions about preventing the traffic accidents caused by emotional abnormality were put forward so as to make the corresponding rules and finally decrease the emotional abnormality traffic accidents.

Simple cellular automaton model for traffic breakdown, highway capacity, and synchronized flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kerner, Boris S.; Klenov, Sergey L.; Schreckenberg, Michael

2011-10-01

We present a simple cellular automaton (CA) model for two-lane roads explaining the physics of traffic breakdown, highway capacity, and synchronized flow. The model consists of the rules “acceleration,” “deceleration,” “randomization,” and “motion” of the Nagel-Schreckenberg CA model as well as “overacceleration through lane changing to the faster lane,” “comparison of vehicle gap with the synchronization gap,” and “speed adaptation within the synchronization gap” of Kerner's three-phase traffic theory. We show that these few rules of the CA model can appropriately simulate fundamental empirical features of traffic breakdown and highway capacity found in traffic data measured over years in different countries, like characteristics of synchronized flow, the existence of the spontaneous and induced breakdowns at the same bottleneck, and associated probabilistic features of traffic breakdown and highway capacity. Single-vehicle data derived in model simulations show that synchronized flow first occurs and then self-maintains due to a spatiotemporal competition between speed adaptation to a slower speed of the preceding vehicle and passing of this slower vehicle. We find that the application of simple dependences of randomization probability and synchronization gap on driving situation allows us to explain the physics of moving synchronized flow patterns and the pinch effect in synchronized flow as observed in real traffic data.

Development of design specifications, details and design criteria for traffic light poles

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-09-01

Current rules and fabrication methods employed in the design of traffic light poles do not adequately address fatigue and fracture issues associated with the connection of mast arms to the vertical poles and the connection of the poles to the foundat...

14 CFR 99.7 - Special security instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special security instructions. 99.7 Section 99.7 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General § 99.7 Special...

14 CFR 99.47 - Guam ADIZ.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Guam ADIZ. 99.47 Section 99.47 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC Designated Air Defense Identification Zones § 99...

Initial Air Traffic Control Training at Tartu Aviation College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kulbas, Tanel

1997-01-01

Development of an air traffic control (ATC) training course at Tartu Aviation College in Estonia had to start at ground zero, creating new rules and regulations for ATC, writing special study materials, building simulators, and finding enough applicants with sufficient English skills. (SK)

The influence of heavy vehicles on traffic dynamics around on-ramp system: Cellular automata approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kong, Dewen; Guo, Xiucheng; Wu, Dingxin

Although the on-ramp system has been widely studied, the influence of heavy vehicles is unknown because researchers only investigate the traffic dynamics around on-ramp system under homogeneous traffic conditions, which is different in real-world settings. This paper uses an improved cellular automaton model to study the heterogeneous traffic around on-ramp system. The forward motion rules are improved by considering the differences of driving behavior in different vehicle combinations. The lane change rules are improved by reflecting the aggressive behavior in mandatory lane changes. The phase diagram, traffic flow, capacity and spatial-temporal diagram are analyzed under the influences of heavy vehicles. The results show that by increasing the percentage of heavy vehicles, there will be more severe traffic congestion around on-ramp system, lower saturated flow and capacity. Also, the interactions between main road and on-ramp have been investigated. Increasing the percentage of heavy vehicles at the upstream of the conflict area on the main road or restricting heavy vehicles on the outside lane of the main road will deteriorate the performance of on-ramp. While the main road will have better performance as the percentage of heavy vehicles on the on-ramp increases when the on-ramp inflow rate is not low.

Pilot Interactions in an Over-Constrained Conflict Scenario as Studied in a Piloted Simulation of Autonomous Aircraft Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wing, David J.; Barhydt, Richard; Barmore, Bryan; Krishnamurthy, Karthik

2003-01-01

Feasibility and safety of autonomous aircraft operations were studied in a multi-piloted simulation of overconstrained traffic conflicts to determine the need for, and utility of, priority flight rules to maintain safety in this extraordinary and potentially hazardous situation. An overconstrained traffic conflict is one in which the separation assurance objective is incompatible with other objectives. In addition, a proposed scheme for implementing priority flight rules by staggering the alerting time between the two aircraft in conflict was tested for effectiveness. The feasibility study was conducted through a simulation in the Air Traffic Operations Laboratory at the NASA Langley Research Center. This research activity is a continuation of the Distributed Air-Ground Traffic Management feasibility analysis reported in the 4th USA/Europe Air Traffic Management R&D Seminar in December 2001 (paper #48). The over-constrained conflict scenario studied here consisted of two piloted aircraft that were assigned an identical en-route waypoint arrival time and altitude crossing restriction. The simulation results indicated that the pilots safely resolved the conflict without the need for a priority flight rule system. Occurrences of unnecessary maneuvering near the common waypoint were traced to false conflict alerts, generated as the result of including waypoint constraint information in the broadcast data link message issued from each aircraft. This result suggests that, in the conservative interests of safety, broadcast intent information should be based on the commanded trajectory and not on the Flight Management System flight plan, to which the aircraft may not actually adhere. The use of priority flight rules had no effect on the percentage of the aircraft population meeting completely predictable which aircraft in a given pair would meet the constraints and which aircraft would make the first maneuver to yield right-of-way. Therefore, the proposed scheme for implementing priority flight rules through staggering the alerting time between the two aircraft was completely effective. The data and observations from this experiment, together with results from the previously reported study, support the feasibility of autonomous aircraft operations.

Enabling Airspace Integration for High-Density On-Demand Mobility Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Eric; Kopardekar, Parimal; Goodrich, Kenneth H.

2017-01-01

Aviation technologies and concepts have reached a level of maturity that may soon enable an era of on-demand mobility (ODM) fueled by quiet, efficient, and largely automated air taxis. However, successfully bringing such a system to fruition will require introducing orders of magnitude more aircraft to a given airspace volume than can be accommodated by the traditional air traffic control system, among other important technical challenges. The airspace integration problem is further compounded by requirements to set aside appropriate ground infrastructure for take-off and landing areas and ensuring these new aircraft types and their operations do not burden traditional airspace users and air traffic control. This airspace integration challenge may be significantly reduced by extending the concepts and technologies developed to manage small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) at low altitudethe UAS traffic management (UTM) systemto higher altitudes and new aircraft types, or by equipping ODM aircraft with advanced sensors, algorithms, and interfaces. The precedent of operational freedom inherent in visual flight rules and the technologies developed for large UAS and commercial aircraft automation will contribute to the evolution of an ODM system enabled by UTM. This paper describes the set of air traffic services, normally provided by the traditional air traffic system, that an ODM system would implement to achieve the high densities needed for ODMs economic viability. Finally, the paper proposes a framework for integrating, evaluating, and deploying low-, medium-, and high-density ODM concepts that build on each other to ensure operational and economic feasibility at every step.

CATS-based Air Traffic Controller Agents

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Callantine, Todd J.

2002-01-01

This report describes intelligent agents that function as air traffic controllers. Each agent controls traffic in a single sector in real time; agents controlling traffic in adjoining sectors can coordinate to manage an arrival flow across a given meter fix. The purpose of this research is threefold. First, it seeks to study the design of agents for controlling complex systems. In particular, it investigates agent planning and reactive control functionality in a dynamic environment in which a variety perceptual and decision making skills play a central role. It examines how heuristic rules can be applied to model planning and decision making skills, rather than attempting to apply optimization methods. Thus, the research attempts to develop intelligent agents that provide an approximation of human air traffic controller behavior that, while not based on an explicit cognitive model, does produce task performance consistent with the way human air traffic controllers operate. Second, this research sought to extend previous research on using the Crew Activity Tracking System (CATS) as the basis for intelligent agents. The agents use a high-level model of air traffic controller activities to structure the control task. To execute an activity in the CATS model, according to the current task context, the agents reference a 'skill library' and 'control rules' that in turn execute the pattern recognition, planning, and decision-making required to perform the activity. Applying the skills enables the agents to modify their representation of the current control situation (i.e., the 'flick' or 'picture'). The updated representation supports the next activity in a cycle of action that, taken as a whole, simulates air traffic controller behavior. A third, practical motivation for this research is to use intelligent agents to support evaluation of new air traffic control (ATC) methods to support new Air Traffic Management (ATM) concepts. Current approaches that use large, human-in-the-loop simulations are unquestionably valuable for this purpose, but pose considerable logistical, fiscal, and experimental control problems. First, data analysis is extremely complicated, owing simply to the large number of participants and data sources in such simulations. In addition, experienced human air traffic controllers working adjacent sectors tend to flexibly adapt to the evolving control problem - potentially shifting to other strategies than those under investigation. In addition, their performance is tightly coupled to the control interface, which in the development phase may support some concepts and supporting strategies better than others. A simple shift in strategy by one controller can change the character of a particular traffic scenario dramatically, which makes experimental comparison of ATC performance under different traffic scenarios difficult. Training a given team of controllers on operations under a new ATM concept for a sufficient period of time could avert such difficulties, but instituting an adequate training program is expensive and logistically difficult.

Automated Pilot Advisory System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Parks, J. L., Jr.; Haidt, J. G.

1981-01-01

An Automated Pilot Advisory System (APAS) was developed and operationally tested to demonstrate the concept that low cost automated systems can provide air traffic and aviation weather advisory information at high density uncontrolled airports. The system was designed to enhance the see and be seen rule of flight, and pilots who used the system preferred it over the self announcement system presently used at uncontrolled airports.

14 CFR 99.9 - Radio requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Radio requirements. 99.9 Section 99.9 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General § 99.9 Radio requirements. (a) A...

14 CFR 99.5 - Emergency situations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Emergency situations. 99.5 Section 99.5 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General § 99.5 Emergency situations. In an...

14 CFR 99.15 - Position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Position reports. 99.15 Section 99.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General § 99.15 Position reports. (a) The...

75 FR 5829 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-04

... proposed rule change is available from NASDAQ's website at http://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com , at NASDAQ's... Authority have the necessary systems capacity to handle the additional traffic associated with the listing...

Analysis of traffic congestion induced by the work zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fei, L.; Zhu, H. B.; Han, X. L.

2016-05-01

Based on the cellular automata model, a meticulous two-lane cellular automata model is proposed, in which the driving behavior difference and the difference of vehicles' accelerations between the moving state and the starting state are taken into account. Furthermore the vehicles' motion is refined by using the small cell of one meter long. Then accompanied by coming up with a traffic management measure, a two-lane highway traffic model containing a work zone is presented, in which the road is divided into normal area, merging area and work zone. The vehicles in different areas move forward according to different lane changing rules and position updating rules. After simulation it is found that when the density is small the cluster length in front of the work zone increases with the decrease of the merging probability. Then the suitable merging length and the appropriate speed limit value are recommended. The simulation result in the form of the speed-flow diagram is in good agreement with the empirical data. It indicates that the presented model is efficient and can partially reflect the real traffic. The results may be meaningful for traffic optimization and road construction management.

14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

14 CFR Appendix to Subpart U of... - Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... TRAFFIC RULES Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of Grand Canyon National Park, AZ Pt. 93, Subpt. U, App. Appendix to Subpart U of Part 93—Special Flight Rules in the Vicinity of the Grand Canyon National Park, AZ...

Engineering rules for evaluating the efficiency of multiplexing traffic streams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klincewicz, John G.

2004-09-01

It is common, either for a telecommunications service provider or for a corporate enterprise, to have multiple data networks. For example, both an IP network and an ATM or Frame Relay network could be in operation to serve different applications. This can result in parallel transport links between the same two locations, each carrying data traffic under a different protocol. In this paper, we consider some practical engineering rules, for particular situations, to evaluate whether or not it is advantageous to combine these parallel traffic streams onto a single transport link. Combining the streams requires additional overhead (a so-called "cell tax" ) but, in at least some situations, can result in more efficient use of modular transport capacity. Simple graphs can be used to summarize the analysis. Some interesting, and perhaps unexpected, observations can be made.

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Air Traffic Control System Emergency Operation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Operation Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 60 Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60—Air Traffic... Aviation Regulations (14 CFR chapter I), be familiar with all available information concerning that...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Air Traffic Control System Emergency Operation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Operation Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 60 Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60—Air Traffic... Aviation Regulations (14 CFR chapter I), be familiar with all available information concerning that...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Air Traffic Control System Emergency Operation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Operation Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 60 Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60—Air Traffic... Aviation Regulations (14 CFR chapter I), be familiar with all available information concerning that...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Air Traffic Control System Emergency Operation

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Operation Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 60 Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 60—Air Traffic... Aviation Regulations (14 CFR chapter I), be familiar with all available information concerning that...

78 FR 14032 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Cherokee, WY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-04

... Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Denver and Salt Lake City Air Route Traffic Control Centers... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

78 FR 78300 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Albuquerque, NM

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

78 FR 78296 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Needles, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-26

... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Los Angeles Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

78 FR 77023 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Tucumcari, NM

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-20

... Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Albuquerque Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC... be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be available for examination in... http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace_amendments/ . You may review...

76 FR 30001 - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-24

... International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Libya AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The... regarding Libya to reflect the United Nations Security Council arms embargoes adopted in February and March...: (202) 261-8199; or e-mail: [email protected] . Attn: Part 126, Libya. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On...

14 CFR 99.19-99.31 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 99.19-99.31 Section 99.19-99.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SECURITY CONTROL OF AIR TRAFFIC General §§ 99.19-99.31 [Reserved] ...

76 FR 13928 - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Replacement Parts/Components and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-15

... International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Replacement Parts/Components and Incorporated Articles AGENCY... incorporated articles. DATES: The Department of State will accept comments on this proposed rule until April 14... Controls Policy, Attn: Regulatory Changes--Replacement Parts/Components and Incorporated Articles, Bureau...

Human factors in aviation: Terminal control area boundary conflicts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Monan, William P.

1989-01-01

Air-to-air conflicts in the vicinity of Terminal Control Area (TCA) boundaries were studied to obtain a better understanding of the causal dynamics of these events with particular focus on human factor issues. The study dataset consisted of 381 Instrument Flight Rules/Visual Flight Rules (IFR/VFR) traffic conflicts in airspace layers above TCA ceiling and below TCA floors; 213 reports of incursions in TCA terminal airspace by VFR aircraft, of which 123 resulted in conflicts; and an additional set of reports describing problems with Air Traffic Control (ATC) services in and around TCAs. Results and conclusions are detailed.

Work-zone traffic performance measures : tech transfer summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 2004 Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule applies to all state and local government agencies that receive federal-aid highway funding after October 12, 2007. This rule was an update to the former regulation (23...

14 CFR 91.1051 - Pilot safety background check.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... previous employers must include, as applicable— (1) Crew member records. (2) Drug testing—collection, testing, and rehabilitation records pertaining to the individual. (3) Alcohol misuse prevention program...

14 CFR 91.1051 - Pilot safety background check.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... previous employers must include, as applicable— (1) Crew member records. (2) Drug testing—collection, testing, and rehabilitation records pertaining to the individual. (3) Alcohol misuse prevention program...

14 CFR 93.51 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area § 93.51... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Applicability. 93.51 Section 93.51..., Terminal Area. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-13235, 68 FR 9795, Feb. 28, 2003] ...

14 CFR 93.51 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area § 93.51... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Applicability. 93.51 Section 93.51..., Terminal Area. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-13235, 68 FR 9795, Feb. 28, 2003] ...

14 CFR 93.51 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area § 93.51... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 93.51 Section 93.51..., Terminal Area. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-13235, 68 FR 9795, Feb. 28, 2003] ...

14 CFR 93.51 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area § 93.51... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Applicability. 93.51 Section 93.51..., Terminal Area. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-13235, 68 FR 9795, Feb. 28, 2003] ...

14 CFR 93.51 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES Anchorage, Alaska, Terminal Area § 93.51... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Applicability. 93.51 Section 93.51..., Terminal Area. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-13235, 68 FR 9795, Feb. 28, 2003] ...

14 CFR 91.527 - Operating in icing conditions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine..., windshield, stabilizing or control surface; to a powerplant installation; or to an airspeed, altimeter, rate... each rotor blade, propeller, windshield, wing, stabilizing or control surface, and each airspeed...

Mobile Air Quality Studies (MAQS)-an international project.

PubMed

Groneberg, David A; Scutaru, Cristian; Lauks, Mathias; Takemura, Masaya; Fischer, Tanja C; Kölzow, Silvana; van Mark, Anke; Uibel, Stefanie; Wagner, Ulrich; Vitzthum, Karin; Beck, Fabian; Mache, Stefanie; Kreiter, Carolin; Kusma, Bianca; Friedebold, Annika; Zell, Hanna; Gerber, Alexander; Bock, Johanna; Al-Mutawakl, Khaled; Donat, Johannes; Geier, Maria Victoria; Pilzner, Carolin; Welker, Pia; Joachim, Ricarda; Bias, Harald; Götting, Michael; Sakr, Mohannad; Addicks, Johann P; Börger, Julia-Annik; Jensen, Anna-Maria; Grajewski, Sonja; Shami, Awfa; Neye, Niko; Kröger, Stefan; Hoffmann, Sarah; Kloss, Lisa; Mayer, Sebastian; Puk, Clemens; Henkel, Ulrich; Rospino, Robert; Schilling, Ute; Krieger, Evelyn; Westphal, Gesa; Meyer-Falcke, Andreas; Hupperts, Hagen; de Roux, Andrés; Tropp, Salome; Weiland, Marco; Mühlbach, Janette; Steinberg, Johannes; Szerwinski, Anne; Falahkohan, Sepiede; Sudik, Claudia; Bircks, Anna; Noga, Oliver; Dickgreber, Nicolas; Dinh, Q Thai; Golpon, Heiko; Kloft, Beatrix; Groneberg, Rafael Neill B; Witt, Christian; Wicker, Sabine; Zhang, Li; Springer, Jochen; Kütting, Birgitta; Mingomataj, Ervin C; Fischer, Axel; Schöffel, Norman; Unger, Volker; Quarcoo, David

2010-04-09

Due to an increasing awareness of the potential hazardousness of air pollutants, new laws, rules and guidelines have recently been implemented globally. In this respect, numerous studies have addressed traffic-related exposure to particulate matter using stationary technology so far. By contrast, only few studies used the advanced technology of mobile exposure analysis. The Mobile Air Quality Study (MAQS) addresses the issue of air pollutant exposure by combining advanced high-granularity spatial-temporal analysis with vehicle-mounted, person-mounted and roadside sensors. The MAQS-platform will be used by international collaborators in order 1) to assess air pollutant exposure in relation to road structure, 2) to assess air pollutant exposure in relation to traffic density, 3) to assess air pollutant exposure in relation to weather conditions, 4) to compare exposure within vehicles between front and back seat (children) positions, and 5) to evaluate "traffic zone"-exposure in relation to non-"traffic zone"-exposure.Primarily, the MAQS-platform will focus on particulate matter. With the establishment of advanced mobile analysis tools, it is planed to extend the analysis to other pollutants including NO2, SO2, nanoparticles and ozone.

Analysis of Traffic Signals on a Software-Defined Network for Detection and Classification of a Man-in-the-Middle Attack

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-09-01

unique characteristics of reported anomalies in the collected traffic signals to build a classification framework. Other cyber events, such as a...Furthermore, we identify unique characteristics of reported anomalies in the collected traffic signals to build a classification framework. Other cyber...2]. The applications build flow rules using network topology information provided by the control plane [1]. Since the control plane is able to

Investigating Traffic Avoidance Maneuver Preferences of Unmanned Aircraft Operators

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-13

aircraft in the NAS under instrument flight rules ( IFR ), in radio communications with ATC, and with a traffic display highlighting traffic within 80...Lincoln Laboratory developed uncorrelated encounter model [13] for evaluation of a preliminary pilot model. The UAS was assumed to be on an IFR ...Vol. 59, No. 1, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Santa Monica, CA, 2015, pp. 45-49. [10] Rorie, R. C., Fern, L., and Shively R. J., “The impact

78 FR 51664 - Vessel Traffic Service Updates, Including Establishment of Vessel Traffic Service Requirements...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-21

... requirements. The changes made by this rule will align regulations with the current operating procedures of the... History V. Discussion of Comments and Changes VI. Regulatory Analyses A. Regulatory Planning and Review B... Waterways Safety System PWSA Ports and Waterways Safety Act SOLAS International Convention for the Safety of...

77 FR 16670 - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Sri Lanka

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-22

... International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Sri Lanka AGENCY: Department of State. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY... exception to the license denial policy toward Sri Lanka. This change allows for exports to Sri Lanka for... . ATTN: Regulatory Change, Part 126, Sri Lanka. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 126.1(n) is amended to...

76 FR 9846 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change by NASDAQ OMX PHLX LLC to...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-22

... website at http://nasdaqomxphlx.cchwallstreet.com/NASDAQOMXPHLX/Filings/ , at the principal office of the... Authority have the necessary system capacity to handle the potential additional traffic associated with the... Exchange believes that it has the necessary system capacity to handle the potential additional traffic...

76 FR 49664 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; Beaufort Channel, Beaufort, NC

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-11

... for emergencies. This closure has been an annual closure for the past several years therefore there are no traffic logs with past openings for this time of year. Most of the vessel traffic consists of... Friday, except Federal holidays. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this rule...

78 FR 41337 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Glasgow, MT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

... Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City and Minneapolis Air Route Traffic Control Centers... contained in this action may be changed in light of comments received. All comments submitted will be... through the FAA's Web page at http://www.faa.gov/airports_airtraffic/air_traffic/publications/airspace...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 91 - Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... flight planned route through the appropriate flight planning information sources. (b) No person may show..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT..., air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between flight...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 91 - Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... flight planned route through the appropriate flight planning information sources. (b) No person may show..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT..., air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between flight...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 91 - Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... flight planned route through the appropriate flight planning information sources. (b) No person may show..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT..., air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between flight...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 91 - Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... flight planned route through the appropriate flight planning information sources. (b) No person may show..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT..., air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between flight...

14 CFR Appendix G to Part 91 - Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... flight planned route through the appropriate flight planning information sources. (b) No person may show..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT..., air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between flight...

Enabling Airspace Integration for High Density Urban Air Mobility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Eric Richard

2017-01-01

Aviation technologies and concepts have reached a level of maturity that may soon enable an era of on-demand mobility (ODM) fueled by quiet, efficient, and largely automated air taxis. However, successfully bringing such a system to fruition will require introducing orders of magnitude more aircraft to a given airspace volume than can be accommodated by the traditional air traffic control system, among other important technical challenges. The airspace integration problem is further compounded by requirements to set aside appropriate ground infrastructure for take-off and landing areas and ensuring these new aircraft types and their operations do not burden traditional airspace users and air traffic control. These challenge for ODM may be significantly reduced by extending the concepts and technologies developed to manage small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) at low altitude the UAS traffic management (UTM) system to higher altitudes and aircraft with humans onboard in controlled airspace, or by equipping ODM aircraft with advanced sensors, algorithms, and interfaces. The precedent of operational freedom inherent in visual flight rules and the technologies developed for large UAS and commercial aircraft automation will contribute to the evolution of an ODM system enabled by UTM. This paper describes the set of air traffic services, normally provided by the traditional air traffic system, that an ODM system would implement to achieve the high densities needed for ODMs economic viability. Finally, the paper proposes a framework for integrating, evaluating, and deploying low-, medium-, and high-density ODM concepts that build on each other to ensure operational and economic feasibility at every step.

Enabling Airspace Integration for High-Density On-Demand Mobility Operations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mueller, Eric; Kopardekar, Parimal; Goodrich, Kenneth H.

2017-01-01

Aviation technologies and concepts have reached a level of maturity that may soon enable an era of on-demand mobility (ODM) fueled by quiet, efficient, and largely automated air taxis. However, successfully bringing such a system to fruition will require introducing orders of magnitude more aircraft to a given airspace volume than can be accommodated by the traditional air traffic control system, among other important technical challenges. The airspace integration problem is further compounded by requirements to set aside appropriate ground infrastructure for take-off and landing areas and ensuring these new aircraft types and their operations do not burden traditional airspace users and air traffic control. This airspace integration challenge may be significantly reduced by extending the concepts and technologies developed to manage small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) at low altitude - the UAS traffic management (UTM) system - to higher altitudes and new aircraft types, or by equipping ODM aircraft with advanced sensors, algorithms, and interfaces. The precedent of operational freedom inherent in visual flight rules and the technologies developed for large UAS and commercial aircraft automation will contribute to the evolution of an ODM system enabled by UTM. This paper describes the set of air traffic services, normally provided by the traditional air traffic system, that an ODM system would implement to achieve the high densities needed for ODM's economic viability. Finally, the paper proposes a framework for integrating, evaluating, and deploying low-, medium-, and high-density ODM concepts that build on each other to ensure operational and economic feasibility at every step.

A model of Beijing drivers' scrambling behaviors.

PubMed

Shi, Jing; Bai, Yun; Tao, Li; Atchley, Paul

2011-07-01

A major, but unstudied, cause of crashes in China is drivers that "scramble" to gain the right of way in violation of traffic regulations. The motivation of this study is to explore the features of drivers' scrambling behaviors and the attitudes and driving skills that influence them. In this study, we established a scrambling behavior scale, and developed a driving attitude scale and a driving skill scale using factor analysis of an Internet survey of 486 drivers in Beijing. A structural equation model of scrambling behavior toward cars and pedestrians/cyclists was developed with attitudes and skills as predictors of behavior. Skills and attitudes of approval toward violations of traffic rules did not predict scrambling behaviors, while the motivation for safety and attitudes against violating traffic rules led to reduced scrambling behaviors. The current work highlights this peculiar aspect of Chinese roads and suggests methods to reduce the behavior. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Public Health Perspective of Road Traffic Accidents

PubMed Central

Gopalakrishnan, S.

2012-01-01

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have emerged as an important public health issue which needs to be tackled by a multi-disciplinary approach. The trend in RTA injuries and death is becoming alarming in countries like India. The number of fatal and disabling road accident happening is increasing day by day and is a real public health challenge for all the concerned agencies to prevent it. The approach to implement the rules and regulations available to prevent road accidents is often ineffective and half-hearted. Awareness creation, strict implementation of traffic rules, and scientific engineering measures are the need of the hour to prevent this public health catastrophe. This article is intended to create awareness among the health professionals about the various modalities available to prevent road accidents and also to inculcate a sense of responsibility toward spreading the message of road safety as a good citizen of our country. PMID:24479025

14 CFR 91.533 - Flight attendant requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight attendant requirements. 91.533... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.533 Flight attendant...

14 CFR 91.529 - Flight engineer requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight engineer requirements. 91.529... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.529 Flight engineer...

14 CFR 91.533 - Flight attendant requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Flight attendant requirements. 91.533... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.533 Flight attendant...

14 CFR 91.529 - Flight engineer requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Flight engineer requirements. 91.529... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Large and Turbine-Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Fractional Ownership Program Aircraft § 91.529 Flight engineer...

Final Rule for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA and National Highway Traffic SafetyAdministration (NHTSA) are each finalizing rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for onroad heavy-duty vehicles.

14 CFR 91.1433 - CAMP: Maintenance and preventive maintenance training program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1433 CAMP: Maintenance and preventive... each person (including inspection personnel) who determines the adequacy of work done is fully informed...

14 CFR 91.1025 - Program operating manual contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... flight; (f) Procedures to be followed by the pilot in command for determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported for previous flights have been corrected or that correction of certain...

14 CFR 91.1025 - Program operating manual contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... flight; (f) Procedures to be followed by the pilot in command for determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported for previous flights have been corrected or that correction of certain...

14 CFR 91.1025 - Program operating manual contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... flight; (f) Procedures to be followed by the pilot in command for determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported for previous flights have been corrected or that correction of certain...

14 CFR 91.1025 - Program operating manual contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... flight; (f) Procedures to be followed by the pilot in command for determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported for previous flights have been corrected or that correction of certain...

14 CFR 91.1025 - Program operating manual contents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... flight; (f) Procedures to be followed by the pilot in command for determining that mechanical irregularities or defects reported for previous flights have been corrected or that correction of certain...

14 CFR 91.309 - Towing: Gliders and unpowered ultralight vehicles.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... vehicle have agreed upon a general course of action, including takeoff and release signals, airspeeds, and... vehicles. 91.309 Section 91.309 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special...

14 CFR 91.1109 - Aircraft maintenance: Inspection program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... be in writing and include at least the following information: (1) Instructions and procedures for the... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional.... The instructions and procedures must set forth in detail the parts and areas of the airframe, engines...

14 CFR 91.1109 - Aircraft maintenance: Inspection program.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... be in writing and include at least the following information: (1) Instructions and procedures for the... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional.... The instructions and procedures must set forth in detail the parts and areas of the airframe, engines...

14 CFR 91.1017 - Amending program manager's management specifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... management specifications, the following procedure applies: (1) The Flight Standards District Office that... filed within 30 days, the procedures of paragraph (c) of this section apply. (e) If the Flight Standards... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 91.1017 - Amending program manager's management specifications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... management specifications, the following procedure applies: (1) The Flight Standards District Office that... filed within 30 days, the procedures of paragraph (c) of this section apply. (e) If the Flight Standards... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

47 CFR 51.701 - Scope of transport and termination pricing rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope of transport and termination pricing... CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) INTERCONNECTION Reciprocal Compensation for Transport and Termination of Telecommunications Traffic § 51.701 Scope of transport and termination pricing rules. (a) The provisions of this...

47 CFR 51.701 - Scope of transport and termination pricing rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Scope of transport and termination pricing... CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) INTERCONNECTION Reciprocal Compensation for Transport and Termination of Telecommunications Traffic § 51.701 Scope of transport and termination pricing rules. (a) The provisions of this...

14 CFR 91.1005 - Prohibitions and limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... may carry persons or property for compensation or hire on a program flight. (b) During the term of the multi-year program agreements under which a fractional owner has obtained a minimum fractional ownership... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership...

14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

14 CFR 91.1039 - IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...) For flight planning purposes, if the destination airport does not have a weather reporting facility... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional... on a program aircraft operating a program flight may begin an instrument approach procedure to an...

Association of video gaming with some risky behaviors of secondary school adolescents in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia.

PubMed

Awadalla, Nabil; Hadram, Muath; Alshahrani, Ali; Hadram, Yahya

2017-03-01

The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of video gaming among secondary school adolescents and to investigate their association with some risky behaviors. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 336 students randomly selected from secondary schools in Abha City, Saudi Arabia, during the academic year 2015-2016. A predesigned self-report questionnaire was used to assess students' sociodemographic data, pattern, motivators and drawbacks of video gaming, previous academic year grades, history of violent acts, road traffic accidents (RTA), and traffic rules violations. Weight and height were measured for every participant and the BMI was calculated. About 80% of students played video games and 76% owned a video game machine. The median onset of video gaming was 10 years. The most important motivator for video gaming was 'give a chance for fun and excitement' (93.7%), followed by 'give a chance to get rid of the boredom and leisure' (92.3%). The most frequently reported social drawbacks were interfering with sleep time (69%), physical activity (64%), and meal time (59%). BMI was not significantly associated with the pattern of video game playing (P>0.05). Academic performance was significantly lower among students who used to game in cybercafes (P=0.001). Prevalence of tobacco smoking and some risky behaviors such as traffic rule violations, significant RTA, and violence were encountered more significantly among those preferring race and drift games (P<0.05) and used to game in cybercafes (P<0.05). Video gaming among secondary school students in Abha, Saudi Arabia, is relatively high. Some risky behaviors such as smoking, violence, significant RTA, and violation of traffic rules were significantly associated with race and drift games and gaming in cybercafes. School-based educational programs for both adolescents and their parents should be provided to gain skills about effective time management, avoid over-gaming, risky games and gaming in cybercafes. Legal restriction on importing and selling risky video games should be considered by the government.

14 CFR 91.25 - Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports for enforcement purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Aviation Safety Reporting Program... AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES General § 91.25 Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against...

14 CFR 91.25 - Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports for enforcement purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Aviation Safety Reporting Program... AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES General § 91.25 Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Iraq

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Iraq Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 77 Special Federal Aviation Regulation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 87 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 87 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Iraq

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Iraq Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 77 Special Federal Aviation Regulation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Iraq

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Iraq Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 77 Special Federal Aviation Regulation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 87 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 87 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Somalia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Somalia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 107 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Somalia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Somalia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 107 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 87 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 87 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR 91.1605 - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77-Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77... Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Federal Aviation Regulations...

14 CFR 91.25 - Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports for enforcement purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Aviation Safety Reporting Program... AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES General § 91.25 Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 87 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 87 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Ethiopia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 87 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 87 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR 91.25 - Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports for enforcement purposes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Aviation Safety Reporting Program... AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES General § 91.25 Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Somalia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Somalia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 107 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Somalia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Somalia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 107 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Somalia

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Somalia Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 107 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the Territory and Airspace of Iraq

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... the Territory and Airspace of Iraq Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 77 Special Federal Aviation Regulation...

14 CFR 91.1605 - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77-Prohibition Against Certain Flights Within the...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77... Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Federal Aviation Regulations...

14 CFR 91.1087 - Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Approval of aircraft simulators and other... OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1087 Approval of aircraft simulators and...

14 CFR 91.1087 - Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Approval of aircraft simulators and other... OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1087 Approval of aircraft simulators and...

14 CFR 91.1087 - Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Approval of aircraft simulators and other... OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1087 Approval of aircraft simulators and...

14 CFR 91.1087 - Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Approval of aircraft simulators and other... OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1087 Approval of aircraft simulators and...

14 CFR 91.1061 - Augmented flight crews.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Augmented flight crews. 91.1061 Section 91...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1061 Augmented flight crews. (a) No program manager may assign any flight...

14 CFR 91.1061 - Augmented flight crews.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Augmented flight crews. 91.1061 Section 91...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1061 Augmented flight crews. (a) No program manager may assign any flight...

14 CFR 105.13 - Radio equipment and use requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Radio equipment and use requirements. 105... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES PARACHUTE OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 105.13 Radio...) The aircraft is equipped with a functioning two-way radio communication system appropriate to the air...

14 CFR 91.1053 - Crewmember experience.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... and ratings: (1) Total flight time for all pilots: (i) Pilot in command—A minimum of 1,500 hours. (ii) Second in command—A minimum of 500 hours. (2) For multi-engine turbine-powered fixed-wing and powered...

14 CFR 91.1083 - Crewmember emergency training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership... passenger oxygen. (6) Removal of life rafts from the aircraft, inflation of the life rafts, use of lifelines, and boarding of passengers and crew, if applicable. (7) Donning and inflation of life vests and the...

14 CFR 91.1063 - Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... proficiency check requirements of § 91.1069. (iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. (iv) Recurrent flight... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Testing and training: Applicability and... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 91.1063 - Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... proficiency check requirements of § 91.1069. (iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. (iv) Recurrent flight... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Testing and training: Applicability and... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 91.1063 - Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... proficiency check requirements of § 91.1069. (iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. (iv) Recurrent flight... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Testing and training: Applicability and... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 91.1097 - Pilot and flight attendant crewmember training programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Pilot and flight attendant crewmember..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1097 Pilot and flight attendant crewmember...

14 CFR 91.1097 - Pilot and flight attendant crewmember training programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Pilot and flight attendant crewmember..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1097 Pilot and flight attendant crewmember...

14 CFR 91.1097 - Pilot and flight attendant crewmember training programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Pilot and flight attendant crewmember..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional Ownership Operations Program Management § 91.1097 Pilot and flight attendant crewmember...

14 CFR 91.317 - Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... limitations of § 21.191 of this chapter and when flight testing, shall operate under the requirements of § 91..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating...

14 CFR 91.317 - Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... limitations of § 21.191 of this chapter and when flight testing, shall operate under the requirements of § 91..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating...

14 CFR 91.317 - Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... limitations of § 21.191 of this chapter and when flight testing, shall operate under the requirements of § 91..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating...

14 CFR 91.317 - Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... limitations of § 21.191 of this chapter and when flight testing, shall operate under the requirements of § 91..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating...

14 CFR 91.1063 - Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... proficiency check requirements of § 91.1069. (iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. (iv) Recurrent flight... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Testing and training: Applicability and... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 91.317 - Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... limitations of § 21.191 of this chapter and when flight testing, shall operate under the requirements of § 91..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Special Flight Operations § 91.317 Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating...

14 CFR 91.1063 - Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... proficiency check requirements of § 91.1069. (iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. (iv) Recurrent flight... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Testing and training: Applicability and... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Fractional...

14 CFR 105.19 - Parachute operations between sunset and sunrise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES PARACHUTE OPERATIONS Operating Rules § 105.19... between sunset and sunrise, unless the person or object descending from the aircraft displays a light that... be displayed from the time that the person or object is under a properly functioning open parachute...

Developing a Web-Based Advisory Expert System for Implementing Traffic Calming Strategies

PubMed Central

Falamarzi, Amir; Borhan, Muhamad Nazri; Rahmat, Riza Atiq O. K.

2014-01-01

Lack of traffic safety has become a serious issue in residential areas. In this paper, a web-based advisory expert system for the purpose of applying traffic calming strategies on residential streets is described because there currently lacks a structured framework for the implementation of such strategies. Developing an expert system can assist and advise engineers for dealing with traffic safety problems. This expert system is developed to fill the gap between the traffic safety experts and people who seek to employ traffic calming strategies including decision makers, engineers, and students. In order to build the expert system, examining sources related to traffic calming studies as well as interviewing with domain experts have been carried out. The system includes above 150 rules and 200 images for different types of measures. The system has three main functions including classifying traffic calming measures, prioritizing traffic calming strategies, and presenting solutions for different traffic safety problems. Verifying, validating processes, and comparing the system with similar works have shown that the system is consistent and acceptable for practical uses. Finally, some recommendations for improving the system are presented. PMID:25276861

Developing a web-based advisory expert system for implementing traffic calming strategies.

PubMed

Falamarzi, Amir; Borhan, Muhamad Nazri; Rahmat, Riza Atiq O K

2014-01-01

Lack of traffic safety has become a serious issue in residential areas. In this paper, a web-based advisory expert system for the purpose of applying traffic calming strategies on residential streets is described because there currently lacks a structured framework for the implementation of such strategies. Developing an expert system can assist and advise engineers for dealing with traffic safety problems. This expert system is developed to fill the gap between the traffic safety experts and people who seek to employ traffic calming strategies including decision makers, engineers, and students. In order to build the expert system, examining sources related to traffic calming studies as well as interviewing with domain experts have been carried out. The system includes above 150 rules and 200 images for different types of measures. The system has three main functions including classifying traffic calming measures, prioritizing traffic calming strategies, and presenting solutions for different traffic safety problems. Verifying, validating processes, and comparing the system with similar works have shown that the system is consistent and acceptable for practical uses. Finally, some recommendations for improving the system are presented.

Realistic Data-Driven Traffic Flow Animation Using Texture Synthesis.

PubMed

Chao, Qianwen; Deng, Zhigang; Ren, Jiaping; Ye, Qianqian; Jin, Xiaogang

2018-02-01

We present a novel data-driven approach to populate virtual road networks with realistic traffic flows. Specifically, given a limited set of vehicle trajectories as the input samples, our approach first synthesizes a large set of vehicle trajectories. By taking the spatio-temporal information of traffic flows as a 2D texture, the generation of new traffic flows can be formulated as a texture synthesis process, which is solved by minimizing a newly developed traffic texture energy. The synthesized output captures the spatio-temporal dynamics of the input traffic flows, and the vehicle interactions in it strictly follow traffic rules. After that, we position the synthesized vehicle trajectory data to virtual road networks using a cage-based registration scheme, where a few traffic-specific constraints are enforced to maintain each vehicle's original spatial location and synchronize its motion in concert with its neighboring vehicles. Our approach is intuitive to control and scalable to the complexity of virtual road networks. We validated our approach through many experiments and paired comparison user studies.

78 FR 52680 - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Registration and Licensing of Brokers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-26

...The Department of State is issuing this interim final rule amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) relating to brokers and brokering activities and to related provisions of the ITAR. These amendments clarify registration requirements, the scope of brokering activities, prior approval requirements and exemptions, procedures for obtaining prior approval and guidance, and reporting and recordkeeping of such activities. Conforming and technical changes are made to other parts of the ITAR that affect export as well as brokering activities. The revisions contained in this rule are part of the Department of State's retrospective plan under E.O. 13563 completed on August 17, 2011.

Combined Prediction Model of Death Toll for Road Traffic Accidents Based on Independent and Dependent Variables

PubMed Central

Zhong-xiang, Feng; Shi-sheng, Lu; Wei-hua, Zhang; Nan-nan, Zhang

2014-01-01

In order to build a combined model which can meet the variation rule of death toll data for road traffic accidents and can reflect the influence of multiple factors on traffic accidents and improve prediction accuracy for accidents, the Verhulst model was built based on the number of death tolls for road traffic accidents in China from 2002 to 2011; and car ownership, population, GDP, highway freight volume, highway passenger transportation volume, and highway mileage were chosen as the factors to build the death toll multivariate linear regression model. Then the two models were combined to be a combined prediction model which has weight coefficient. Shapley value method was applied to calculate the weight coefficient by assessing contributions. Finally, the combined model was used to recalculate the number of death tolls from 2002 to 2011, and the combined model was compared with the Verhulst and multivariate linear regression models. The results showed that the new model could not only characterize the death toll data characteristics but also quantify the degree of influence to the death toll by each influencing factor and had high accuracy as well as strong practicability. PMID:25610454

Combined prediction model of death toll for road traffic accidents based on independent and dependent variables.

PubMed

Feng, Zhong-xiang; Lu, Shi-sheng; Zhang, Wei-hua; Zhang, Nan-nan

2014-01-01

In order to build a combined model which can meet the variation rule of death toll data for road traffic accidents and can reflect the influence of multiple factors on traffic accidents and improve prediction accuracy for accidents, the Verhulst model was built based on the number of death tolls for road traffic accidents in China from 2002 to 2011; and car ownership, population, GDP, highway freight volume, highway passenger transportation volume, and highway mileage were chosen as the factors to build the death toll multivariate linear regression model. Then the two models were combined to be a combined prediction model which has weight coefficient. Shapley value method was applied to calculate the weight coefficient by assessing contributions. Finally, the combined model was used to recalculate the number of death tolls from 2002 to 2011, and the combined model was compared with the Verhulst and multivariate linear regression models. The results showed that the new model could not only characterize the death toll data characteristics but also quantify the degree of influence to the death toll by each influencing factor and had high accuracy as well as strong practicability.

The Status of Preventive Behaviors in Traffic Accidents in Junior High School Students in Isfahan

PubMed Central

Hosseini, Leila; Tavazohi, Hossein; Shirdavani, Soheila; Heidari, Kamal; Nobari, Reza Fadaei; Kelishadi, Roya; Yalverdi, Narges

2014-01-01

Background: Population growth and use of the car in daily life entails new incidents and accidents everyday. Adolescents’ entering the new world of adults, their insufficient knowledge of rules, and high-risk behaviors expose them to more risks. Accordingly, a study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the status of preventive behaviors in traffic accidents in boy and girl junior high school students in Isfahan regarding vehicle use. Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 7000 junior high school boy and girl students from 20 towns in Isfahan Province using multi-stage cluster sampling method in 2009–2010. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as data collection tool, which evaluated students’ practice and preventive behaviors with 21 questions, each examining students’ practice in accidents and incidents that may occur in school and on the way to school. Data were analyzed with Epi 6 and SPSS software using t-test and Chi-square test. Results: Girls comprised 49.9% of students and 50.1% were boys, 84% lived in urban areas and 15.5% in rural areas. The frequency of an accident location was school in 53.9% with 3739 cases and on the way to school in 10.6% with 732 cases. Mean practice score of preventive behaviors in traffic accidents involving cars, taxi, and school bus (72.6 ± 17.52 girls, 72.7 ± 18.31 boys, P = 0.88), motorbike (79.1 ± 14.048 girls, 74.1 ± 19.73 boys, P < 0.001), bicycle (71.4 ± 16.56 girls, 68.5 ± 14.69 boys, P = 0.152), bus and minibus (91.8 ± 13.16 girls, 87 ± 18.65 boys, P < 0.001), crossing the street (30.5 ± 26.67 girls, 32.7 ± 28.03 boys, P = 0.003), and skating (60.6 ± 29.103 girls, 61.2 ± 26.84 boys, P = 0.927). Results indicate that girls have better preventive practices than boys in use of motorbikes, buses, and minibuses. Conclusions: According to the results obtained, the majority of students walk to school and have the lowest practice score in this respect. It is recommended that as the first step, students be given necessary road traffic rules training, particularly how to cross the street. PMID:26157568

The Status of Preventive Behaviors in Traffic Accidents in Junior High School Students in Isfahan.

PubMed

Hosseini, Leila; Tavazohi, Hossein; Shirdavani, Soheila; Heidari, Kamal; Nobari, Reza Fadaei; Kelishadi, Roya; Yalverdi, Narges

2014-12-01

Population growth and use of the car in daily life entails new incidents and accidents everyday. Adolescents' entering the new world of adults, their insufficient knowledge of rules, and high-risk behaviors expose them to more risks. Accordingly, a study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the status of preventive behaviors in traffic accidents in boy and girl junior high school students in Isfahan regarding vehicle use. A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 7000 junior high school boy and girl students from 20 towns in Isfahan Province using multi-stage cluster sampling method in 2009-2010. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as data collection tool, which evaluated students' practice and preventive behaviors with 21 questions, each examining students' practice in accidents and incidents that may occur in school and on the way to school. Data were analyzed with Epi 6 and SPSS software using t-test and Chi-square test. Girls comprised 49.9% of students and 50.1% were boys, 84% lived in urban areas and 15.5% in rural areas. The frequency of an accident location was school in 53.9% with 3739 cases and on the way to school in 10.6% with 732 cases. Mean practice score of preventive behaviors in traffic accidents involving cars, taxi, and school bus (72.6 ± 17.52 girls, 72.7 ± 18.31 boys, P = 0.88), motorbike (79.1 ± 14.048 girls, 74.1 ± 19.73 boys, P < 0.001), bicycle (71.4 ± 16.56 girls, 68.5 ± 14.69 boys, P = 0.152), bus and minibus (91.8 ± 13.16 girls, 87 ± 18.65 boys, P < 0.001), crossing the street (30.5 ± 26.67 girls, 32.7 ± 28.03 boys, P = 0.003), and skating (60.6 ± 29.103 girls, 61.2 ± 26.84 boys, P = 0.927). Results indicate that girls have better preventive practices than boys in use of motorbikes, buses, and minibuses. According to the results obtained, the majority of students walk to school and have the lowest practice score in this respect. It is recommended that as the first step, students be given necessary road traffic rules training, particularly how to cross the street.

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights by Syrian Air Carriers to the United States

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Syrian Air Carriers to the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 104 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 104 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights by Syrian Air Carriers to the United States

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Syrian Air Carriers to the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 104 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 104 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights by Syrian Air Carriers to the United States

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Syrian Air Carriers to the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 104 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 104 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights by Syrian Air Carriers to the United States

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Syrian Air Carriers to the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 104 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 104 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation... - Prohibition Against Certain Flights by Syrian Air Carriers to the United States

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Syrian Air Carriers to the United States Federal Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 104 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, SFAR No. 104 Special Federal Aviation...

14 CFR 93.350 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES SPECIAL AIR TRAFFIC RULES New York Class B Airspace Hudson River and East... Exclusion, as defined in paragraph (d) of this section, from one end to the other. (c) New York Class B... the LGA VOR/DME 6-mile arc to the north tip of Roosevelt Island. (d) New York Class B airspace Hudson...

14 CFR Appendix E to Part 91 - Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications E... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, App. E Appendix E to Part 91—Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications Parameters Range Installed system 1 minimum...

14 CFR Appendix F to Part 91 - Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications F... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES Pt. 91, App. F Appendix F to Part 91—Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications Parameters Range Installed system 1 minimum...

75 FR 60436 - Interim Change to the Military Freight Traffic Unified Rules Publication (MFTURP) No. 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-30

... Visibility (Rail ITV) Reporting, to Section C of the MFTURP No. 1. ADDRESSES: Submit comments to Publication and Rules Manager, Strategic Business Directorate, Business Services, 1 Soldier Way, Building 1900W.../Global%20Cargo%20Distribution/Domestic/Publications/ . Henry Brooks, Chief, SDDC, G9, Business Execution...

78 FR 39599 - Safety Zone; Fort Monroe Fireworks Display, Chesapeake Bay, Hampton, VA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-02

.... ACTION: Temporary Final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the... intended to restrict vessel traffic movement in the specified area in order to protect the life and... Federal holidays. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions on this temporary rule, call or...

14 CFR 91.13 - Careless or reckless operation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES General § 91.13... operate an aircraft in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life or property of another. (b...), in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life or property of another. ...

Primary separation between three aircraft using traffic displays

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chappell, S. L.; Palmer, E. A.

1983-01-01

The use of a sophisticated traffic and map display termed electronic flight rules (EFR) by general aviation pilots for primary seperation in low density airspace is studied. The experimental flights were made under four conditions: with and without sensor noise in the traffic information and with and without communications for traffic coordination. Pilots were required to maintain two miles horizontal and 500 ft vertical separation from other aircraft for 24 different traffic situations repeated randomly for each of the four experimental conditions. Of 1152 aircraft encounters 12.8 percent were in violation of separation minimums. In general, the effects of sensor noise were minimal, communications affected some of the measures, and the group effect was quite significant. When pilots were able to communicate and coordinate their maneuvers, the time to resolve conflict was reduced.

Cellular automata model for urban road traffic flow considering pedestrian crossing street

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Han-Tao; Yang, Shuo; Chen, Xiao-Xu

2016-11-01

In order to analyze the effect of pedestrians' crossing street on vehicle flows, we investigated traffic characteristics of vehicles and pedestrians. Based on that, rules of lane changing, acceleration, deceleration, randomization and update are modified. Then we established two urban two-lane cellular automata models of traffic flow, one of which is about sections with non-signalized crosswalk and the other is on uncontrolled sections with pedestrians crossing street at random. MATLAB is used for numerical simulation of the different traffic conditions; meanwhile space-time diagram and relational graphs of traffic flow parameters are generated and then comparatively analyzed. Simulation results indicate that when vehicle density is lower than around 25 vehs/(km lane), pedestrians have modest impact on traffic flow, whereas when vehicle density is higher than about 60 vehs/(km lane), traffic speed and volume will decrease significantly especially on sections with non-signal-controlled crosswalk. The results illustrate that the proposed models reconstruct the traffic flow's characteristic with the situation where there are pedestrians crossing and can provide some practical reference for urban traffic management.

Joint NASA Ames/Langley Experimental Evaluation of Integrated Air/Ground Operations for En Route Free Maneuvering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barhydt, Richard; Kopardekar, Parimal; Battiste, Vernol; Doble, Nathan; Johnson, Walter; Lee, Paul; Prevot, Thomas; Smith, Nancy

2005-01-01

In order to meet the anticipated future demand for air travel, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is investigating a new concept of operations known as Distributed Air-Ground Traffic Management (DAG-TM). Under the En Route Free Maneuvering component of DAG-TM, appropriately equipped autonomous aircraft self separate from other autonomous aircraft and from managed aircraft that continue to fly under today s Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). Controllers provide separation services between IFR aircraft and assign traffic flow management constraints to all aircraft. To address concept feasibility issues pertaining to integrated air/ground operations at various traffic levels, NASA Ames and Langley Research Centers conducted a joint human-in-the-loop experiment. Professional airline pilots and air traffic controllers flew a total of 16 scenarios under four conditions: mixed autonomous/managed operations at three traffic levels and a baseline all-managed condition at the lowest traffic level. These scenarios included en route flights and descents to a terminal area meter fix in airspace modeled after the Dallas Ft. Worth area. Pilots of autonomous aircraft met controller assigned meter fix constraints with high success. Separation violations by subject pilots did not appear to vary with traffic level and were mainly attributable to software errors and procedural lapses. Controller workload was lower for mixed flight conditions, even at higher traffic levels. Pilot workload was deemed acceptable under all conditions. Controllers raised several safety concerns, most of which pertained to the occurrence of near-term conflicts between autonomous and managed aircraft. These issues are being addressed through better compatibility between air and ground systems and refinements to air and ground procedures.

For Spacious Skies: Self-Separation with "Autonomous Flight Rules" in US Domestic Airspace

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wing, David J.; Cotton, William B.

2011-01-01

Autonomous Flight Rules (AFR) are proposed as a new set of operating regulations in which aircraft navigate on tracks of their choice while self-separating from traffic and weather. AFR would exist alongside Instrument and Visual Flight Rules (IFR and VFR) as one of three available flight options for any appropriately trained and qualified operator with the necessary certified equipment. Historically, ground-based separation services evolved by necessity as aircraft began operating in the clouds and were unable to see each other. Today, technologies for global precision navigation, emerging airborne surveillance, and onboard computing enable traffic conflict management to be fully integrated with navigation procedures onboard the aircraft. By self-separating, aircraft can operate with more flexibility and fewer flight restrictions than are required when using ground-based separation. The AFR concept proposes a practical means in which self-separating aircraft could share the same airspace as IFR and VFR aircraft without disrupting the ongoing processes of Air Traffic Control. The paper discusses the context and motivation for implementing self-separation in US domestic airspace. It presents a historical perspective on separation, the proposed way forward in AFR, the rationale behind mixed operations, and the expected benefits of AFR for the airspace user community.

Evaluation of the efficacy of simulation games in traffic safety education of kindergarten children.

PubMed Central

Renaud, L; Suissa, S

1989-01-01

Using a simulation game designed to teach children to obey certain traffic safety rules, an experimental study was conducted with 136 five-year-old children in four Quebec schools. Within each classroom, subjects were randomly divided into four groups: three intervention groups and one control group. Each of the experimental groups was subjected to a different intervention with outcome measured using three instruments related to attitudes, behavior, and transfer of learning of pedestrian traffic safety. Results suggest that simulation games including role-playing/group dynamics and modeling/training can change attitudes and modify behavior in the area of pedestrian traffic safety in children of this age. PMID:2916716

Evaluation of the efficacy of simulation games in traffic safety education of kindergarten children.

PubMed

Renaud, L; Suissa, S

1989-03-01

Using a simulation game designed to teach children to obey certain traffic safety rules, an experimental study was conducted with 136 five-year-old children in four Quebec schools. Within each classroom, subjects were randomly divided into four groups: three intervention groups and one control group. Each of the experimental groups was subjected to a different intervention with outcome measured using three instruments related to attitudes, behavior, and transfer of learning of pedestrian traffic safety. Results suggest that simulation games including role-playing/group dynamics and modeling/training can change attitudes and modify behavior in the area of pedestrian traffic safety in children of this age.

A refined and dynamic cellular automaton model for pedestrian-vehicle mixed traffic flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Mianfang; Xiong, Shengwu

2016-12-01

Mixed traffic flow sharing the “same lane” and having no discipline on road is a common phenomenon in the developing countries. For example, motorized vehicles (m-vehicles) and nonmotorized vehicles (nm-vehicles) may share the m-vehicle lane or nm-vehicle lane and pedestrians may share the nm-vehicle lane. Simulating pedestrian-vehicle mixed traffic flow consisting of three kinds of traffic objects: m-vehicles, nm-vehicles and pedestrians, can be a challenge because there are some erratic drivers or pedestrians who fail to follow the lane disciplines. In the paper, we investigate various moving and interactive behavior associated with mixed traffic flow, such as lateral drift including illegal lane-changing and transverse crossing different lanes, overtaking and forward movement, and propose some new moving and interactive rules for pedestrian-vehicle mixed traffic flow based on a refined and dynamic cellular automaton (CA) model. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model can be used to investigate the traffic flow characteristic in a mixed traffic flow system and corresponding complicated traffic problems, such as, the moving characteristics of different traffic objects, interaction phenomenon between different traffic objects, traffic jam, traffic conflict, etc., which are consistent with the actual mixed traffic system. Therefore, the proposed model provides a solid foundation for the management, planning and evacuation of the mixed traffic flow.

75 FR 13614 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-22

... to handle the additional traffic associated with the listing and trading of $1 strikes where the...-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX PHLX, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Establish Strike... 1012 (Series of Options Open for Trading) to establish strike-price intervals for options on Index...

75 FR 66402 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-28

... necessary systems capacity to handle the additional traffic associated with the expanded range of strike... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Expand the Range of Strike Price Intervals for VIX Options October 21... amend Rule 24.9.01(e), Terms of Index Option Contracts, to expand the range of strike price intervals...

22 CFR 5.3 - Rules of procedure, description of forms available or the places at which forms may be obtained...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... ORGANIZATION § 5.3 Rules of procedure, description of forms available or the places at which forms may be...., Washington, DC 20520. International educational and cultural exchange program Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs Department of State, 2201 C Street NW., Washington, DC 20520. International traffic in...

78 FR 33219 - Special Local Regulations; Swim Across the Potomac, Potomac River; National Harbor Access Channel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-04

... Channel, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is... provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the event. This action is intended to temporarily restrict vessel traffic in a portion of the Potomac River during the event. DATES: This rule is...

77 FR 34453 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-11

...-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change To Update the NASDAQ Options Market Message Traffic Mitigation Rule June 5, 2012...\\ thereunder, notice is hereby given that, on May 29, 2012, The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (``NASDAQ'') filed with...

77 FR 35317 - Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Revision of U.S. Munitions List...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-13

... State. ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY: As part of the President's Export Control Reform effort, the... materials warranting control on the USML. The revisions to this rule are part of the Department of State's... Directorate of Defense Trade Controls Web site at www.pmddtc.state.gov . Parties who wish to comment...

75 FR 4268 - Establishment of Class D and E Airspace and Modification of Class E Airspace; State College, PA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-27

... E Airspace; State College, PA AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule... College, PA, to accommodate a new air traffic control tower at University Park Airport. The FAA is taking this action to enhance the safety and management of instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES...

Real-time traffic sign recognition based on a general purpose GPU and deep-learning.

PubMed

Lim, Kwangyong; Hong, Yongwon; Choi, Yeongwoo; Byun, Hyeran

2017-01-01

We present a General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) based real-time traffic sign detection and recognition method that is robust against illumination changes. There have been many approaches to traffic sign recognition in various research fields; however, previous approaches faced several limitations when under low illumination or wide variance of light conditions. To overcome these drawbacks and improve processing speeds, we propose a method that 1) is robust against illumination changes, 2) uses GPGPU-based real-time traffic sign detection, and 3) performs region detecting and recognition using a hierarchical model. This method produces stable results in low illumination environments. Both detection and hierarchical recognition are performed in real-time, and the proposed method achieves 0.97 F1-score on our collective dataset, which uses the Vienna convention traffic rules (Germany and South Korea).

GIS Data Based Automatic High-Fidelity 3D Road Network Modeling

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Jie; Shen, Yuzhong

2011-01-01

3D road models are widely used in many computer applications such as racing games and driving simulations_ However, almost all high-fidelity 3D road models were generated manually by professional artists at the expense of intensive labor. There are very few existing methods for automatically generating 3D high-fidelity road networks, especially those existing in the real world. This paper presents a novel approach thai can automatically produce 3D high-fidelity road network models from real 2D road GIS data that mainly contain road. centerline in formation. The proposed method first builds parametric representations of the road centerlines through segmentation and fitting . A basic set of civil engineering rules (e.g., cross slope, superelevation, grade) for road design are then selected in order to generate realistic road surfaces in compliance with these rules. While the proposed method applies to any types of roads, this paper mainly addresses automatic generation of complex traffic interchanges and intersections which are the most sophisticated elements in the road networks

Commercial motorcycle drivers' perceptions of risk and road safety in urban Nigeria: an explorative study.

PubMed

Sanusi, Adebayo Adesola; Emmelin, Maria

2015-01-01

Road traffic injury is a great public health challenge with an emerging trend of increasing rates and high mortality involving commercial motorcycles in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was used with 10 in-depth interviews conducted to explore the risk perceptions of commercial motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria. The data analysis using manifest and latent content analysis resulted in an overarching theme: inadequate structures and internalised norms prevent change. The three themes leading to the overarching theme are: risk-taking as generally acceptable; risk-taking as an intrinsic part of occupation; and risk-taking as a way to make ends meet. The study suggests that there is a great need for adequate regulation as regards training and licensing of riders. Also the need to tighten enforcement of traffic rules is paramount to road safety in Nigeria.

A Cooperative Human-Adaptive Traffic Simulation (CHATS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Phillips, Charles T.; Ballin, Mark G.

1999-01-01

NASA is considering the development of a Cooperative Human-Adaptive Traffic Simulation (CHATS), to examine and evaluate performance of the National Airspace System (NAS) as the aviation community moves toward free flight. CHATS will be specifically oriented toward simulating strategic decision-making by airspace users and by the service provider s traffic management personnel, within the context of different airspace and rules assumptions. It will use human teams to represent these interests and make decisions, and will rely on computer modeling and simulation to calculate the impacts of these decisions. The simulation objectives will be to examine: 1. evolution of airspace users and the service provider s strategies, through adaptation to new operational environments; 2. air carriers competitive and cooperative behavior; 3. expected benefits to airspace users and the service provider as compared to the current NAS; 4. operational limitations of free flight concepts due to congestion and safety concerns. This paper describes an operational concept for CHATS, and presents a high-level functional design which would utilize a combination of existing and new models and simulation capabilities.

78 FR 41336 - Proposed Establishment of Class E Airspace; Wasatch, UT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-10

... lat. 39[deg]03'55'' N., long. 110[deg]37'49'' W.; to lat. 38[deg]28'51'' N., long. 110[deg]38'05'' W... Flight Rules (IFR) aircraft under control of Salt Lake City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). The... considered before taking action on the proposed rule. The proposal contained in this action may be changed in...

75 FR 26648 - Safety Zones; May Fireworks Displays Within the Captain of the Port Puget Sound Area of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-12

... traffic is necessary to protect life, property and the environment. Discussion of Rule The U.S. Coast... Responsibility (AOR) AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The U.S Coast Guard is... necessary to provide for the safety of life on navigable waters during the fireworks displays. Entry into...

Economic development, mobility and traffic accidents in Algeria.

PubMed

Bougueroua, M; Carnis, L

2016-07-01

The aim of this contribution is to estimate the impact of road economic conditions and mobility on traffic accidents for the case of Algeria. Using the cointegration approach and vector error correction model (VECM), we will examine simultaneously short term and long-term impacts between the number of traffic accidents, fuel consumption and gross domestic product (GDP) per capital, over the period 1970-2013. The main results of the estimation show that the number of traffic accidents in Algeria is positively influenced by the GDP per capita in the short and long term. It implies that a higher economic development worsens the road safety situation. However, the new traffic rules adopted in 2009 have an impact on the forecast trend of traffic accidents, meaning efficient public policy could improve the situation. This result calls for a strong political commitment with effective countermeasures for avoiding the further deterioration of road safety record in Algeria. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cellular automata model for traffic flow at intersections in internet of vehicles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Han-Tao; Liu, Xin-Ru; Chen, Xiao-Xu; Lu, Jian-Cheng

2018-03-01

Considering the effect of the front vehicle's speed, the influence of the brake light and the conflict of the traffic flow, we established a cellular automata model called CE-NS for traffic flow at the intersection in the non-vehicle networking environment. According to the information interaction of Internet of Vehicles (IoV), introducing parameters describing the congestion and the accurate speed of the front vehicle into the CE-NS model, we improved the rules of acceleration, deceleration and conflict, and finally established a cellular automata model for traffic flow at intersections of IoV. The relationship between traffic parameters such as vehicle speed, flow and average travel time is obtained by numerical simulation of two models. Based on this, we compared the traffic situation of the non-vehicle networking environment with conditions of IoV environment, and analyzed the influence of the different degree of IoV on the traffic flow. The results show that the traffic speed is increased, the travel time is reduced, the flux of intersections is increased and the traffic flow is more smoothly under IoV environment. After the vehicle which achieves IoV reaches a certain proportion, the operation effect of the traffic flow begins to improve obviously.

Real-time traffic sign recognition based on a general purpose GPU and deep-learning

PubMed Central

Hong, Yongwon; Choi, Yeongwoo; Byun, Hyeran

2017-01-01

We present a General Purpose Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) based real-time traffic sign detection and recognition method that is robust against illumination changes. There have been many approaches to traffic sign recognition in various research fields; however, previous approaches faced several limitations when under low illumination or wide variance of light conditions. To overcome these drawbacks and improve processing speeds, we propose a method that 1) is robust against illumination changes, 2) uses GPGPU-based real-time traffic sign detection, and 3) performs region detecting and recognition using a hierarchical model. This method produces stable results in low illumination environments. Both detection and hierarchical recognition are performed in real-time, and the proposed method achieves 0.97 F1-score on our collective dataset, which uses the Vienna convention traffic rules (Germany and South Korea). PMID:28264011

Traffic accident in Cuiabá-MT: an analysis through the data mining technology.

PubMed

Galvão, Noemi Dreyer; de Fátima Marin, Heimar

2010-01-01

The traffic road accidents (ATT) are non-intentional events with an important magnitude worldwide, mainly in the urban centers. This article aims to analyzes data related to the victims of ATT recorded by the Justice Secretariat and Public Security (SEJUSP) in hospital morbidity and mortality incidence at the city of Cuiabá-MT during 2006, using data mining technology. An observational, retrospective and exploratory study of the secondary data bases was carried out. The three database selected were related using the probabilistic method, through the free software RecLink. One hundred and thirty-nine (139) real pairs of victims of ATT were obtained. In this related database the data mining technology was applied with the software WEKA using the Apriori algorithm. The result generated 10 best rules, six of them were considered according to the parameters established that indicated a useful and comprehensible knowledge to characterize the victims of accidents in Cuiabá. Finally, the findings of the associative rules showed peculiarities of the road traffic accident victims in Cuiabá and highlight the need of prevention measures in the collision accidents for males.

Optimization of the Design of Pre-Signal System Using Improved Cellular Automaton

PubMed Central

Li, Yan; Li, Ke; Tao, Siran; Chen, Kuanmin

2014-01-01

The pre-signal system can improve the efficiency of intersection approach under rational design. One of the main obstacles in optimizing the design of pre-signal system is that driving behaviors in the sorting area cannot be well evaluated. The NaSch model was modified by considering slow probability, turning-deceleration rules, and lane changing rules. It was calibrated with field observed data to explore the interactions among design parameters. The simulation results of the proposed model indicate that the length of sorting area, traffic demand, signal timing, and lane allocation are the most important influence factors. The recommendations of these design parameters are demonstrated. The findings of this paper can be foundations for the design of pre-signal system and show promising improvement in traffic mobility. PMID:25435871

14 CFR 133.33 - Operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... that directional control is adequate. (4) Accelerate into forward flight to verify that no attitude... traffic control, if necessary, and a detailed chart depicting the flight routes and altitudes. (2) Each...

14 CFR 133.33 - Operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... that directional control is adequate. (4) Accelerate into forward flight to verify that no attitude... traffic control, if necessary, and a detailed chart depicting the flight routes and altitudes. (2) Each...

14 CFR 133.33 - Operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... that directional control is adequate. (4) Accelerate into forward flight to verify that no attitude... traffic control, if necessary, and a detailed chart depicting the flight routes and altitudes. (2) Each...

14 CFR 133.33 - Operating rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... that directional control is adequate. (4) Accelerate into forward flight to verify that no attitude... traffic control, if necessary, and a detailed chart depicting the flight routes and altitudes. (2) Each...

14 CFR 93.351 - General requirements for operating in the East River and/or Hudson River Exclusions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRAFFIC RULES New York Class B Airspace Hudson River and East River Exclusion Special Flight Rules Area... River or Hudson River as depicted on the New York VFR Terminal Area Chart (TAC) and/or New York Helicopter Route Chart. (d) Have a current New York TAC chart and/or New York Helicopter Route Chart in the...

14 CFR 93.101 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Helicopter Route § 93.101 Applicability. This subpart prescribes a special air traffic rule for civil helicopters operating VFR along the North Shore, Long Island, New York, between August 6, 2012 and August 6...

14 CFR 93.101 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Helicopter Route § 93.101 Applicability. This subpart prescribes a special air traffic rule for civil helicopters operating VFR along the North Shore, Long Island, New York, between August 6, 2012 and August 6...

47 CFR 61.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... tariff language. (ll) Regulations. The body of carrier prescribed rules in a tariff governing the... account; and (ii) Has either an interstate terminating-to-originating traffic ratio of at least 3:1 in a...

14 CFR 101.23 - General operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Amateur Rockets § 101.23 General operating limitations. (a) You must operate an amateur rocket in...

14 CFR 101.23 - General operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Amateur Rockets § 101.23 General operating limitations. (a) You must operate an amateur rocket in...

14 CFR 101.23 - General operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Amateur Rockets § 101.23 General operating limitations. (a) You must operate an amateur rocket in...

14 CFR 101.23 - General operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Amateur Rockets § 101.23 General operating limitations. (a) You must operate an amateur rocket in...

14 CFR 101.23 - General operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Amateur Rockets § 101.23 General operating limitations. (a) You must operate an amateur rocket in...

Promoting a bicycle-friendly environment: community assessment and action.

PubMed

Sharpe, Patricia; Burroughs, Erika; Hooker, Steven; Pekuri, Linda; Blumberg, Catherine; Hutto, Brent

2011-01-01

Researchers and community coalition members collected survey data and used it to guide production of an educational video promoting a bicycle-friendly environment. Telephone and mailed surveys were conducted among bicyclists and motorists for needs assessment. A sample of 173 bicyclists completed a mailed survey (response rate of 87.0%), and a sample of 801 motorists completed a telephone survey (response rate of 42.1%). Findings guided video production. Most motorists understood that bicyclists have a right to ride in the road, but about one half believed bicyclists create a hazard, even when they follow traffic laws. Bicyclists expressed safety concerns and felt threatened by motorists. Both motorists' and bicyclists' knowledge of traffic rules varied across the items. This project illustrates how community members can apply research findings to an educational video of high quality with local relevance. The leadership from community members in making the video set the foundation for local ownership.

14 CFR 171.301 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...-Federal Microwave Landing System (MLS) facilities that provide the basis for instrument flight rules (IFR) and air traffic control procedures. ... FACILITIES NON-FEDERAL NAVIGATION FACILITIES Microwave Landing System (MLS) § 171.301 Scope. This subpart...

14 CFR 101.5 - Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND... a moored balloon, kite, amateur rocket, or unmanned free balloon in a prohibited or restricted area...

14 CFR 101.5 - Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND... a moored balloon, kite, amateur rocket, or unmanned free balloon in a prohibited or restricted area...

14 CFR 101.5 - Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND... a moored balloon, kite, amateur rocket, or unmanned free balloon in a prohibited or restricted area...

14 CFR 101.5 - Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND... a moored balloon, kite, amateur rocket, or unmanned free balloon in a prohibited or restricted area...

14 CFR 101.5 - Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND... a moored balloon, kite, amateur rocket, or unmanned free balloon in a prohibited or restricted area...

A Mathematical Analysis of Air Traffic Priority Rules

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nakawicz, Anthony J.; Munoz, Cesar A.; Maddalon, Jeffrey M.

2012-01-01

This paper analyzes priority rules, such as those in Part 91.113 of the Federal Aviation Regulations. Such rules determine which of two aircraft should maneuver in a given conflict scenario. While the rules in 91.113 are well accepted, other concepts of operation for NextGen, such as self separation, may allow for different priority rules. A mathematical framework is presented that can be used to analyze a general set of priority rules and enables proofs of important properties. Specific properties considered in this paper include safety, effectiveness, and stability. A set of rules is said to be safe if it ensures that it is never the case that both aircraft have priority. They are effective if exactly one aircraft has priority in every situation. Finally, a set of rules is called stable if it produces compatible results even under small changes to input data.

Global Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP) from Space Based AIS Ship Tracking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schwehr, K. D.; Foulkes, J. A.; Lorenzini, D.; Kanawati, M.

2011-12-01

All nations need to be developing long term integrated strategies for how to use and preserve our natural resources. As a part of these strategies, we must evalutate how communities of users react to changes in rules and regulations of ocean use. Global characterization of the vessel traffic on our Earth's oceans is essential to understanding the existing uses to develop international Coast and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP). Ship traffic within 100-200km is beginning to be effectively covered in low latitudes by ground based receivers collecting position reports from the maritime Automatic Identification System (AIS). Unfortunately, remote islands, high latitudes, and open ocean Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are not covered by these ground systems. Deploying enough autonomous airborne (UAV) and surface (USV) vessels and buoys to provide adequate coverage is a difficult task. While the individual device costs are plummeting, a large fleet of AIS receivers is expensive to maintain. The global AIS coverage from SpaceQuest's low Earth orbit satellite receivers combined with the visualization and data storage infrastructure of Google (e.g. Maps, Earth, and Fusion Tables) provide a platform that enables researchers and resource managers to begin answer the question of how ocean resources are being utilized. Near real-time vessel traffic data will allow managers of marine resources to understand how changes to education, enforcement, rules, and regulations alter usage and compliance patterns. We will demonstrate the potential for this system using a sample SpaceQuest data set processed with libais which stores the results in a Fusion Table. From there, the data is imported to PyKML and visualized in Google Earth with a custom gx:Track visualization utilizing KML's extended data functionality to facilitate ship track interrogation. Analysts can then annotate and discuss vessel tracks in Fusion Tables.

A System Concept for Facilitating User Preferences in En Route Airspace

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vivona, R. A.; Ballin, M. G.; Green, S. M.; Bach, R. E.; McNally, B. D.

1996-01-01

The Federal Aviation Administration is trying to make its air traffic management system more responsive to the needs of the aviation community by exploring the concept of 'free flight' for aircraft flying under instrument flight rules. A logical first step toward free flight could be made without significantly altering current air traffic control (ATC) procedures or requiring new airborne equipment by designing a ground-based system to be highly responsive to 'user preference' in en route airspace while providing for an orderly transition to the terminal area. To facilitate user preference in all en route environments, a system based on an extension of the Center/TRACON Automation System (CTAS) is proposed in this document. The new system would consist of two integrated components. An airspace tool (AT) focuses on unconstrained en route aircraft (e.g., not transitioning to the terminal airspace), taking advantage of the relatively unconstrained nature of their flights and using long-range trajectory prediction to provide cost-effective conflict resolution advisories to sector controllers. A sector tool (ST) generates efficient advisories for all aircraft, with a focus on supporting controllers in analyzing and resolving complex, highly constrained traffic situations. When combined, the integrated AT/ST system supports user preference in any air route traffic control center sector. The system should also be useful in evaluating advanced free-flight concepts by serving as a test bed for future research. This document provides an overview of the design concept, explains its anticipated benefits, and recommends a development strategy that leads to a deployable system.

Assessing Prior Experience in the Selection of Air Traffic Control Specialists

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

Crosstabulation --------------------------B1 APPENDIX C: IFR Operations Experience • Academy Training Performance Crosstabulation ---------C1 APPENDIX...Control Specialist (ATCS) rating? (n=9,333) BQ35 – Do you have prior Instrument Flight Rules ( IFR ) operations experience? (n = 9,349) 2. Hold or...not have a prior ATCS rating. Do you have prior IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) Operations experience? Of the 9,349 respondents to this question

UIC at TREC 2008 Blog Track

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-11-01

T or more words, where T is a threshold that is empirically set to 300 in the experiment. The second rule aims to remove pornographic documents...Some blog documents are embedded with pornographic words to attract search traffic. We identify a list of pornographic words. Given a blog document, all...document, this document is considered pornographic spam, and is discarded. The third rule removes documents written in foreign languages. We count the

Research on three-phase traffic flow modeling based on interaction range

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeng, Jun-Wei; Yang, Xu-Gang; Qian, Yong-Sheng; Wei, Xu-Ting

2017-12-01

On the basis of the multiple velocity difference effect (MVDE) model and under short-range interaction, a new three-phase traffic flow model (S-MVDE) is proposed through careful consideration of the influence of the relationship between the speeds of the two adjacent cars on the running state of the rear car. The random slowing rule in the MVDE model is modified in order to emphasize the influence of vehicle interaction between two vehicles on the probability of vehicles’ deceleration. A single-lane model which without bottleneck structure under periodic boundary conditions is simulated, and it is proved that the traffic flow simulated by S-MVDE model will generate the synchronous flow of three-phase traffic theory. Under the open boundary, the model is expanded by adding an on-ramp, the congestion pattern caused by the bottleneck is simulated at different main road flow rates and on-ramp flow rates, which is compared with the traffic congestion pattern observed by Kerner et al. and it is found that the results are consistent with the congestion characteristics in the three-phase traffic flow theory.

Traffic Aware Strategic Aircrew Requests (TASAR)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ballin, Mark G.; Wing, David J.

2012-01-01

Under Instrument Flight Rules, pilots are not permitted to make changes to their approved trajectory without first receiving permission from Air Traffic Control (ATC). Referred to as "user requests," trajectory change requests from aircrews are often denied or deferred by controllers because they have awareness of traffic and airspace constraints not currently available to flight crews. With the introduction of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and other information services, a rich traffic, weather, and airspace information environment is becoming available on the flight deck. Automation developed by NASA uses this information to aid flight crews in the identification and formulation of optimal conflict-free trajectory requests. The concept of Traffic Aware Strategic Aircrew Requests (TASAR) combines ADS-B and airborne automation to enable user-optimal in-flight trajectory replanning and to increase the likelihood of ATC approval for the resulting trajectory change request. TASAR may improve flight efficiency or other user-desired attributes of the flight while not impacting and potentially benefiting the air traffic controller. This paper describes the TASAR concept of operations, its enabling automation technology which is currently under development, and NASA s plans for concept assessment and maturation.

Robust traffic sign detection using fuzzy shape recognizer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Lunbo; Li, Jun; Sun, Jianhong

2009-10-01

A novel fuzzy approach for the detection of traffic signs in natural environments is presented. More than 3000 road images were collected under different weather conditions by a digital camera, and used for testing this approach. Every RGB image was converted into HSV colour space, and segmented by the hue and saturation thresholds. A symmetrical detector was used to extract the local features of the regions of interest (ROI), and the shape of ROI was determined by a fuzzy shape recognizer which invoked a set of fuzzy rules. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is translation, rotation and scaling invariant, and gives reliable shape recognition in complex traffic scenes where clustering and partial occlusion normally occur.

Cellular automata models for diffusion of information and highway traffic flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fuks, Henryk

In the first part of this work we study a family of deterministic models for highway traffic flow which generalize cellular automaton rule 184. This family is parameterized by the speed limit m and another parameter k that represents degree of 'anticipatory driving'. We compare two driving strategies with identical maximum throughput: 'conservative' driving with high speed limit and 'anticipatory' driving with low speed limit. Those two strategies are evaluated in terms of accident probability. We also discuss fundamental diagrams of generalized traffic rules and examine limitations of maximum achievable throughput. Possible modifications of the model are considered. For rule 184, we present exact calculations of the order parameter in a transition from the moving phase to the jammed phase using the method of preimage counting, and use this result to construct a solution to the density classification problem. In the second part we propose a probabilistic cellular automaton model for the spread of innovations, rumors, news, etc., in a social system. We start from simple deterministic models, for which exact expressions for the density of adopters are derived. For a more realistic model, based on probabilistic cellular automata, we study the influence of a range of interaction R on the shape of the adoption curve. When the probability of adoption is proportional to the local density of adopters, and individuals can drop the innovation with some probability p, the system exhibits a second order phase transition. Critical line separating regions of parameter space in which asymptotic density of adopters is positive from the region where it is equal to zero converges toward the mean-field line when the range of the interaction increases. In a region between R=1 critical line and the mean-field line asymptotic density of adopters depends on R, becoming zero if R is too small (smaller than some critical value). This result demonstrates the importance of connectivity in diffusion of information. We also define a new class of automata networks which incorporates non-local interactions, and discuss its applicability in modeling of diffusion of innovations.

Property relationships of the physical infrastructure and the traffic flow networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Ta; Zou, Sheng-Rong; He, Da-Ren

2010-03-01

We studied both empirically and analytically the correlation between the degrees or the clustering coefficients, respectively, of the networks in the physical infrastructure and the traffic flow layers in three Chinese transportation systems. The systems are bus transportation systems in Beijing and Hangzhou, and the railway system in the mainland. It is found that the correlation between the degrees obey a linear function; while the correlation between the clustering coefficients obey a power law. A possible dynamic explanation on the rules is presented.

Violence and injuries in Brazil: the effect, progress made, and challenges ahead.

PubMed

Reichenheim, Michael Eduardo; de Souza, Edinilsa Ramos; Moraes, Claudia Leite; de Mello Jorge, Maria Helena Prado; da Silva, Cosme Marcelo Furtado Passos; de Souza Minayo, Maria Cecília

2011-06-04

Although there are signs of decline, homicides and traffic-related injuries and deaths in Brazil account for almost two-thirds of all deaths from external causes. In 2007, the homicide rate was 26·8 per 100,000 people and traffic-related mortality was 23·5 per 100,000. Domestic violence might not lead to as many deaths, but its share of violence-related morbidity is large. These are important public health problems that lead to enormous individual and collective costs. Young, black, and poor men are the main victims and perpetrators of community violence, whereas poor black women and children are the main victims of domestic violence. Regional differentials are also substantial. Besides the sociocultural determinants, much of the violence in Brazil has been associated with the misuse of alcohol and illicit drugs, and the wide availability of firearms. The high traffic-related morbidity and mortality in Brazil have been linked to the chosen model for the transport system that has given priority to roads and private-car use without offering adequate infrastructure. The system is often poorly equipped to deal with violations of traffic rules. In response to the major problems of violence and injuries, Brazil has greatly advanced in terms of legislation and action plans. The main challenge is to assess these advances to identify, extend, integrate, and continue the successful ones. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

NASA TLA workload analysis support. Volume 1: Detailed task scenarios for general aviation and metering and spacing studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sundstrom, J. L.

1980-01-01

The techniques required to produce and validate six detailed task timeline scenarios for crew workload studies are described. Specific emphasis is given to: general aviation single pilot instrument flight rules operations in a high density traffic area; fixed path metering and spacing operations; and comparative workload operation between the forward and aft-flight decks of the NASA terminal control vehicle. The validation efforts also provide a cursory examination of the resultant demand workload based on the operating procedures depicted in the detailed task scenarios.

Traffic incident management in construction and maintenance work zones.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-01-01

In 2004, the Federal Highway Administration published updated rules governing work zone safety and mobility; all highway construction and maintenance projects using federal-aid highway funds are required to develop transportation management plans (TM...

[Evaluation on the effects of education regarding road safety among middle school students].

PubMed

Jin, Hui-Qing; Li, Ying-Chun; Zhang, Shu-Lin; Yu, Wan-Sheng

2009-08-01

To evaluate the intervention effects for road traffic accident prevention among middle school students through understanding their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on road safety. Students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 from 7 junior and senior middle schools in Ji'nan city were selected as intervention group and students from a middle school in Hefei city served as control group. Education was provided to the intervention group and all the middle school students in Ji'nan city. Changes of KAP on road safety were measured for both groups during the follow-up period, and comparison on KAP for the two groups was carried statistically. The mean scores of road safety knowledge for intervention group improved significantly during the follow-up period (from 0.9 - 3.8), while these indices did not change much in the control group (from 0 - 0.2). Negative attitude on road safety was found in both groups, but less in the intervention group. More students started to admit that middle school students themselves should be responsible for most of the RTAs. Per week frequency of violating traffic rules did not improve, however during the follow-up period on both groups as still 75% to 80% of the students violating the traffic rules less than 2 times per week. Although three kinds and one kind of traffic rules violation seemed to have improved in the intervention group and in the control group, there were still two and three other kinds turned worse in the intervention and in the control group, respectively. Program on road safety education significantly improved the relative knowledge for middle school student and it exerted positive effects in road safety attitude to some extent. However, no significant effect was found in the improvement on their behavior. Education on road safety should be carried out in the early stage of childhood with newer and more effective intervention approaches.

A simulator investigation of the use of digital data link for pilot/ATC communications in a single pilot operation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hinton, David A.; Lohr, Gary W.

1988-01-01

Studies have shown that radio communications between pilots and air traffic control contribute to high pilot workload and are subject to various errors. These errors result from congestion on the voice radio channel, and missed and misunderstood messages. The use of digital data link has been proposed as a means of reducing this workload and error rate. A critical factor, however, in determining the potential benefit of data link will be the interface between future data link systems and the operator of those systems, both in the air and on the ground. The purpose of this effort was to evaluate the pilot interface with various levels of data link capability, in simulated general aviation, single-pilot instrument flight rule operations. Results show that the data link reduced demands on pilots' short-term memory, reduced the number of communication transmissions, and permitted the pilots to more easily allocate time to critical cockpit tasks while receiving air traffic control messages. The pilots who participated unanimously indicated a preference for data link communications over voice-only communications. There were, however, situations in which the pilot preferred the use of voice communications, and the ability for pilots to delay processing the data link messages, during high workload events, caused delays in the acknowledgement of messages to air traffic control.

49 CFR 511.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 511.3 Section 511.3 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ADJUDICATIVE PROCEDURES Scope of Rules; Nature of Adjudicative Proceedings...

75 FR 39608 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-09

... rule proposal is available on the Exchange's website ( http://www.cboe.org/legal ), at the Exchange's... have the necessary systems capacity to handle the potential additional traffic associated with the...

Work zone positive protection guidelines for Idaho.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

The Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) Title 23 Part 630 Subpart K - Temporary Traffic Control (630.1102630.1110) rule states : that positive protection shall be considered where work zone conditions place workers at increased risk from motorized : ...

An electric vehicle driving behavior model in the traffic system with a wireless charging lane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Jia; Huang, Hai-Jun; Yang, Hai; Tang, Tie-Qiao

2017-09-01

In this paper, a car-following model is proposed to study each EV's (electric vehicle) motion behavior near the WCL (wireless charging lane) and a lane-changing rule is designed to describe the EV's lane-changing behavior. Then, the car-following model and lane-changing rule are used to explore each EV's micro driving behavior in a two-lane system with a WCL. Finally, the impacts of the WCL on each EV's motion behavior are investigated. The numerical results show that each EV should run slowly on the WCL if it needs charge of electricity, that the EV's lane-changing behavior has great effects on the whole system, that the delay time caused by the WCL turns more prominent when the traffic turns heavy, and that lane-changing frequently occurs near the WCL (especially at the downstream of the WCL).

Driving Parameters for Distributed and Centralized Air Transportation Architectures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feron, Eric

2001-01-01

This report considers the problem of intersecting aircraft flows under decentralized conflict avoidance rules. Using an Eulerian standpoint (aircraft flow through a fixed control volume), new air traffic control models and scenarios are defined that enable the study of long-term airspace stability problems. Considering a class of two intersecting aircraft flows, it is shown that airspace stability, defined both in terms of safety and performance, is preserved under decentralized conflict resolution algorithms. Performance bounds are derived for the aircraft flow problem under different maneuver models. Besides analytical approaches, numerical examples are presented to test the theoretical results, as well as to generate some insight about the structure of the traffic flow after resolution. Considering more than two intersecting aircraft flows, simulations indicate that flow stability may not be guaranteed under simple conflict avoidance rules. Finally, a comparison is made with centralized strategies to conflict resolution.

Environmental determinants of celeration behaviour.

PubMed

af Wåhlberg, Anders E

2015-01-01

Celeration (speed change) behaviour of drivers has been posited to be the best predictor of their traffic accident involvement. The origins of this behaviour, however, have not been specified. A model is therefore introduced, where celeration is partly due to the individual disposition of the driver (i.e., driving style), and partly to the environment (road layout, rules and traffic density). Three measurement problems for celeration were studied; the effect of traffic density, of regular versus irregular routes, and weight of the vehicle (loaded/unloaded) on celeration behaviour. Two small samples of truck drivers in Sweden were measured for several months each. There was a strong effect of vehicle load, with behaviour being more cautious with increased weight. Driving on different roads also yielded differences in behaviour, although the design used did not permit conclusions about what caused these. Traffic volume was not found to have any reliable effect on celeration.

Study on the propagation and dissipation of inland ship congestion under different control strategies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yanyi; Wu, Hongyu; Wen, Zhe

2017-05-01

Inland waterway transportation is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system of sustainable development, and it is also a way of transportation which is restricted by natural conditions greatly. In recent years, the problems of insufficient traffic capacity of The Three Gorges become prominent due to the increasing in the number of ships. And the ship's detention caused by gale, frog, accident and one-way traffic in dry season has occurred, which not only increased the pressure of the navigable waterway but also seriously affected the safety of shipping. Based on the different types of ships, the Arena software was used to simulate the ship traffic flow. The paper analyzed the traffic congestion propagation and dissipation rule of the ship under different navigation control methods, and provided decision reference for the navigation management department to formulate the relevant navigation control strategy.

The racing-game effect: why do video racing games increase risk-taking inclinations?

PubMed

Fischer, Peter; Greitemeyer, Tobias; Morton, Thomas; Kastenmüller, Andreas; Postmes, Tom; Frey, Dieter; Kubitzki, Jörg; Odenwälder, Jörg

2009-10-01

The present studies investigated why video racing games increase players' risk-taking inclinations. Four studies reveal that playing video racing games increases risk taking in a subsequent simulated road traffic situation, as well as risk-promoting cognitions and emotions, blood pressure, sensation seeking, and attitudes toward reckless driving. Study 1 ruled out the role of experimental demand in creating such effects. Studies 2 and 3 showed that the effect of playing video racing games on risk taking was partially mediated by changes in self-perceptions as a reckless driver. These effects were evident only when the individual played racing games that reward traffic violations rather than racing games that do not reward traffic violations (Study 3) and when the individual was an active player of such games rather than a passive observer (Study 4). In sum, the results underline the potential negative impact of racing games on traffic safety.

49 CFR 236.15 - Timetable instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions: All Systems General § 236.15 Timetable instructions. Automatic block, traffic control, train stop, train control and cab signal territory shall be designated in timetable instructions. ...

49 CFR 236.15 - Timetable instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL AND TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS, DEVICES, AND APPLIANCES Rules and Instructions: All Systems General § 236.15 Timetable instructions. Automatic block, traffic control, train stop, train control and cab signal territory shall be designated in timetable instructions. ...

77 FR 24156 - Proposed Amendment of Air Traffic Service Routes; Southwestern United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-23

... rule. The proposal contained in this action may be changed in light of comments received. All comments..., CA; Blythe, CA; Buckeye, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; INT Phoenix 155[deg] and Stanfield, AZ, 105[deg] radials...

47 CFR 61.48 - Transition rules for price cap formula calculations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... charges due to GDP-PI—X targeting for $0.0095 filing entities. (ii) Reductions in Average Traffic Sensitive charges resulting from: (A) Targeting of the application of the (GDP-PI—X) portion of the formula...

Unmanned Aerial Systems Traffic Management (UTM): Safely Enabling UAS Operations in Low-Altitude Airspace

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rios, Joseph

2016-01-01

Currently, there is no established infrastructure to enable and safely manage the widespread use of low-altitude airspace and UAS flight operations. Given this, and understanding that the FAA faces a mandate to modernize the present air traffic management system through computer automation and significantly reduce the number of air traffic controllers by FY 2020, the FAA maintains that a comprehensive, yet fully automated UAS traffic management (UTM) system for low-altitude airspace is needed. The concept of UTM is to begin by leveraging concepts from the system of roads, lanes, stop signs, rules and lights that govern vehicles on the ground today. Building on its legacy of work in air traffic management (ATM), NASA is working with industry to develop prototype technologies for a UAS Traffic Management (UTM) system that would evolve airspace integration procedures for enabling safe, efficient low-altitude flight operations that autonomously manage UAS operating in an approved low-altitude airspace environment. UTM is a cloud-based system that will autonomously manage all traffic at low altitudes to include UASs being operated beyond visual line of sight of an operator. UTM would thus enable safe and efficient flight operations by providing fully integrated traffic management services such as airspace design, corridors, dynamic geofencing, severe weather and wind avoidance, congestion management, terrain avoidance, route planning re-routing, separation management, sequencing spacing, and contingency management. UTM removes the need for human operators to continuously monitor aircraft operating in approved areas. NASA envisions concepts for two types of UTM systems. The first would be a small portable system, which could be moved between geographical areas in support of operations such as precision agriculture and public safety. The second would be a Persistent system, which would support low-altitude operations in an approved area by providing continuous automated coverage. Both would require persistent communication, navigation, and surveillance (CNS) coverage to track, ensure, and monitor conformance. UTM is creating an airspace management tool that allows the ATM system to accommodate the number of UAS that will operate in the low altitude airspace. The analogy is just because we have a car, whether its autonomous or someone is driving, does not diminish the need for a road or road signs or rules of the road.

Safety and Convergence Analysis of Intersecting Aircraft Flows Under Decentralized Collision Avoidance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dallal, Ahmed H.

Safety is an essential requirement for air traffic management and control systems. Aircraft are not allowed to get closer to each other than a specified safety distance, to avoid any conflicts and collisions between aircraft. Forecast analysis predicts a tremendous increase in the number of flights. Subsequently, automated tools are needed to help air traffic controllers resolve air born conflicts. In this dissertation, we consider the problem of conflict resolution of aircraft flows with the assumption that aircraft are flowing through a fixed specified control volume at a constant speed. In this regard, several centralized and decentralized resolution rules have been proposed for path planning and conflict avoidance. For the case of two intersecting flows, we introduce the concept of conflict touches, and a collaborative decentralized conflict resolution rule is then proposed and analyzed for two intersecting flows. The proposed rule is also able to resolved airborne conflicts that resulted from resolving another conflict via the domino effect. We study the safety conditions under the proposed conflict resolution and collision avoidance rule. Then, we use Lyapunov analysis to analytically prove the convergence of conflict resolution dynamics under the proposed rule. The analysis show that, under the proposed conflict resolution rule, the system of intersecting aircraft flows is guaranteed to converge to safe, conflict free, trajectories within a bounded time. Simulations are provided to verify the analytically derived conclusions and study the convergence of the conflict resolution dynamics at different encounter angles. Simulation results show that lateral deviations taken by aircraft in each flow, to resolve conflicts, are bounded, and aircraft converged to safe and conflict free trajectories, within a finite time.

Restoration of Motion-Blurred Image Based on Border Deformation Detection: A Traffic Sign Restoration Model

PubMed Central

Zeng, Yiliang; Lan, Jinhui; Ran, Bin; Wang, Qi; Gao, Jing

2015-01-01

Due to the rapid development of motor vehicle Driver Assistance Systems (DAS), the safety problems associated with automatic driving have become a hot issue in Intelligent Transportation. The traffic sign is one of the most important tools used to reinforce traffic rules. However, traffic sign image degradation based on computer vision is unavoidable during the vehicle movement process. In order to quickly and accurately recognize traffic signs in motion-blurred images in DAS, a new image restoration algorithm based on border deformation detection in the spatial domain is proposed in this paper. The border of a traffic sign is extracted using color information, and then the width of the border is measured in all directions. According to the width measured and the corresponding direction, both the motion direction and scale of the image can be confirmed, and this information can be used to restore the motion-blurred image. Finally, a gray mean grads (GMG) ratio is presented to evaluate the image restoration quality. Compared to the traditional restoration approach which is based on the blind deconvolution method and Lucy-Richardson method, our method can greatly restore motion blurred images and improve the correct recognition rate. Our experiments show that the proposed method is able to restore traffic sign information accurately and efficiently. PMID:25849350

Restoration of motion-blurred image based on border deformation detection: a traffic sign restoration model.

PubMed

Zeng, Yiliang; Lan, Jinhui; Ran, Bin; Wang, Qi; Gao, Jing

2015-01-01

Due to the rapid development of motor vehicle Driver Assistance Systems (DAS), the safety problems associated with automatic driving have become a hot issue in Intelligent Transportation. The traffic sign is one of the most important tools used to reinforce traffic rules. However, traffic sign image degradation based on computer vision is unavoidable during the vehicle movement process. In order to quickly and accurately recognize traffic signs in motion-blurred images in DAS, a new image restoration algorithm based on border deformation detection in the spatial domain is proposed in this paper. The border of a traffic sign is extracted using color information, and then the width of the border is measured in all directions. According to the width measured and the corresponding direction, both the motion direction and scale of the image can be confirmed, and this information can be used to restore the motion-blurred image. Finally, a gray mean grads (GMG) ratio is presented to evaluate the image restoration quality. Compared to the traditional restoration approach which is based on the blind deconvolution method and Lucy-Richardson method, our method can greatly restore motion blurred images and improve the correct recognition rate. Our experiments show that the proposed method is able to restore traffic sign information accurately and efficiently.

Quality of service policy control in virtual private networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Yiqing; Wang, Hongbin; Zhou, Zhi; Zhou, Dongru

2004-04-01

This paper studies the QoS of VPN in an environment where the public network prices connection-oriented services based on source, destination and grade of service, and advertises these prices to its VPN customers (users). As different QoS technologies can produce different QoS, there are according different traffic classification rules and priority rules. The internet service provider (ISP) may need to build complex mechanisms separately for each node. In order to reduce the burden of network configuration, we need to design policy control technologies. We considers mainly directory server, policy server, policy manager and policy enforcers. Policy decision point (PDP) decide its control according to policy rules. In network, policy enforce point (PEP) decide its network controlled unit. For InterServ and DiffServ, we will adopt different policy control methods as following: (1) In InterServ, traffic uses resource reservation protocol (RSVP) to guarantee the network resource. (2) In DiffServ, policy server controls the DiffServ code points and per hop behavior (PHB), its PDP distributes information to each network node. Policy server will function as following: information searching; decision mechanism; decision delivering; auto-configuration. In order to prove the effectiveness of QoS policy control, we make the corrective simulation.

Best response game of traffic on road network of non-signalized intersections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yao, Wang; Jia, Ning; Zhong, Shiquan; Li, Liying

2018-01-01

This paper studies the traffic flow in a grid road network with non-signalized intersections. The nature of the drivers in the network is simulated such that they play an iterative snowdrift game with other drivers. A cellular automata model is applied to study the characteristics of the traffic flow and the evolution of the behaviour of the drivers during the game. The drivers use best-response as their strategy to update rules. Three major findings are revealed. First, the cooperation rate in simulation experiences staircase-shaped drop as cost to benefit ratio r increases, and cooperation rate can be derived analytically as a function of cost to benefit ratio r. Second, we find that higher cooperation rate corresponds to higher average speed, lower density and higher flow. This reveals that defectors deteriorate the efficiency of traffic on non-signalized intersections. Third, the system experiences more randomness when the density is low because the drivers will not have much opportunity to update strategy when the density is low. These findings help to show how the strategy of drivers in a traffic network evolves and how their interactions influence the overall performance of the traffic system.

Study on traffic characteristics for a typical expressway on-ramp bottleneck considering various merging behaviors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Jie; Li, Zhipeng; Sun, Jian

2015-12-01

Recurring bottlenecks at freeway/expressway are considered as the main cause of traffic congestion in urban traffic system while on-ramp bottlenecks are the most significant sites that may result in congestion. In this paper, the traffic bottleneck characteristics for a simple and typical expressway on-ramp are investigated by the means of simulation modeling under the open boundary condition. In simulations, the running behaviors of each vehicle are described by a car-following model with a calibrated optimal velocity function, and lane changing actions at the merging section are modeled by a novel set of rules. We numerically derive the traffic volume of on-ramp bottleneck under different upstream arrival rates of mainline and ramp flows. It is found that the vehicles from the ramp strongly affect the pass of mainline vehicles and the merging ratio changes with the increasing of ramp vehicle, when the arrival rate of mainline flow is greater than a critical value. In addition, we clarify the dependence of the merging ratio of on-ramp bottleneck on the probability of lane changing and the length of the merging section, and some corresponding intelligent control strategies are proposed in actual traffic application.

AEGIS: A Lightweight Firewall for Wireless Sensor Networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hossain, Mohammad Sajjad; Raghunathan, Vijay

Firewalls are an essential component in today's networked computing systems (desktops, laptops, and servers) and provide effective protection against a variety of over-the-network security attacks. With the development of technologies such as IPv6 and 6LoWPAN that pave the way for Internet-connected embedded systems and sensor networks, these devices will soon be subject to (and need to be defended against) similar security threats. As a first step, this paper presents Aegis, a lightweight, rule-based firewall for networked embedded systems such as wireless sensor networks. Aegis is based on a semantically rich, yet simple, rule definition language. In addition, Aegis is highly efficient during operation, runs in a transparent manner from running applications, and is easy to maintain. Experimental results obtained using real sensor nodes and cycle-accurate simulations demonstrate that Aegis successfully performs gatekeeping of a sensor node's communication traffic in a flexible manner with minimal overheads.

14 CFR 91.126 - Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT... parachute must avoid the flow of fixed-wing aircraft. (c) Flap settings. Except when necessary for training...

14 CFR 91.126 - Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT... parachute must avoid the flow of fixed-wing aircraft. (c) Flap settings. Except when necessary for training...

14 CFR 91.126 - Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT... parachute must avoid the flow of fixed-wing aircraft. (c) Flap settings. Except when necessary for training...

14 CFR 91.126 - Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT... parachute must avoid the flow of fixed-wing aircraft. (c) Flap settings. Except when necessary for training...

76 FR 28379 - Proposed Amendment and Establishment of Air Traffic Service Routes; Northeast United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... rule. The proposal contained in this action may be changed in light of comments received. All comments...; Paradise, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Blythe, CA; Buckeye, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; INT Phoenix 155[deg] and Stanfield...

14 CFR 91.1 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Applicability. 91.1 Section 91.1 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC... prescribes rules governing the operation of aircraft (other than moored balloons, kites, unmanned rockets...

14 CFR 91.1 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 91.1 Section 91.1 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC... prescribes rules governing the operation of aircraft (other than moored balloons, kites, unmanned rockets...

14 CFR 101.11 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Applicability. 101.11 Section 101.11 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.11 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Applicability. 101.11 Section 101.11 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.33 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.33 Section 101.33 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.11 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 101.11 Section 101.11 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.31 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 101.31 Section 101.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.33 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.33 Section 101.33 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.31 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Applicability. 101.31 Section 101.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.31 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Applicability. 101.31 Section 101.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.31 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Applicability. 101.31 Section 101.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.13 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.13 Section 101.13 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.13 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.13 Section 101.13 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.13 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.13 Section 101.13 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.11 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Applicability. 101.11 Section 101.11 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.33 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.33 Section 101.33 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.33 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.33 Section 101.33 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.31 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Applicability. 101.31 Section 101.31 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.13 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.13 Section 101.13 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.33 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.33 Section 101.33 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.13 - Operating limitations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Operating limitations. 101.13 Section 101.13 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.11 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Applicability. 101.11 Section 101.11 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

33 CFR 162.130 - Connecting waters from Lake Huron to Lake Erie; general rules.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... vessel astern, alongside, or by pushing ahead; and (iii) Each dredge and floating plant. (4) The traffic... towing another vessel astern, alongside or by pushing ahead; and (iv) Each dredge and floating plant. (c...

76 FR 31467 - Guide Concerning Fuel Economy Advertising for New Automobiles

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-01

...The Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'' or ``Commission'') gives notice that it is postponing any amendments to its Guide Concerning Fuel Economy Advertising for New Automobiles (``Fuel Economy Guide'' or ``Guide'') pending completion of ongoing review by the Environmental Protection Agency (``EPA'') and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (``NHTSA'') of current fuel economy labeling requirements and the Commission's accelerated regulatory review of its own Labeling Requirements for Alternative Fuels and Alternative Fueled Vehicles Rule (``Alternative Fuels Rule'').

Estimation of traffic impacts at work zones : state of the practice.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-01-01

Assessing the safety and mobility impacts of work zones across the project development phases of road construction and maintenance projects is an emphasis area of the Federal Highway Administration's Final Rule on Work Zone Safety and Mobility1 (Fina...

An evaluation of existing tire pressure monitoring systems

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-07-01

In the TREAD Act of November 1, 2000, Congress required the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to develop a rule requiring all new light vehicles to be equipped with a warning system to indicate to the operator when a tire is sign...

49 CFR 510.1 - Scope and purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Scope and purpose. 510.1 Section 510.1 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION GATHERING POWERS § 510.1 Scope and purpose. This rule...

47 CFR 51.705 - LECs' rates for transport and termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... provision of the Commission's rules, by default, transport and termination for Non-Access Telecommunications... negotiated agreement between parties, state commissions establish Non-Access Reciprocal Compensation rates for the exchange of Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic between a local exchange carrier and a...

47 CFR 51.705 - LECs' rates for transport and termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... provision of the Commission's rules, by default, transport and termination for Non-Access Telecommunications... negotiated agreement between parties, state commissions establish Non-Access Reciprocal Compensation rates for the exchange of Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic between a local exchange carrier and a...

47 CFR 51.705 - LECs' rates for transport and termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... provision of the Commission's rules, by default, transport and termination for Non-Access Telecommunications... negotiated agreement between parties, state commissions establish Non-Access Reciprocal Compensation rates for the exchange of Non-Access Telecommunications Traffic between a local exchange carrier and a...

14 CFR 101.19 - Rapid deflation device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Rapid deflation device. 101.19 Section 101.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.19 - Rapid deflation device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rapid deflation device. 101.19 Section 101.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.15 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.15 Section 101.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.37 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.37 Section 101.37 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.15 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.15 Section 101.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.19 - Rapid deflation device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Rapid deflation device. 101.19 Section 101.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.19 - Rapid deflation device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Rapid deflation device. 101.19 Section 101.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.37 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.37 Section 101.37 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.15 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.15 Section 101.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.39 - Balloon position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Balloon position reports. 101.39 Section 101.39 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.37 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.37 Section 101.37 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.39 - Balloon position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Balloon position reports. 101.39 Section 101.39 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.39 - Balloon position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Balloon position reports. 101.39 Section 101.39 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.39 - Balloon position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Balloon position reports. 101.39 Section 101.39 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.15 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.15 Section 101.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.37 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.37 Section 101.37 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.15 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.15 Section 101.15 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS Moored...

14 CFR 101.37 - Notice requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Notice requirements. 101.37 Section 101.37 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS...

14 CFR 101.39 - Balloon position reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Balloon position reports. 101.39 Section 101.39 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.19 - Rapid deflation device.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Rapid deflation device. 101.19 Section 101.19 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

Modeling and Control of Airport Queueing Dynamics under Severe Flow Restrictions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Carr, Francis; Evans, Antony; Clarke, John-Paul; Deron, Eric

2003-01-01

Based on field observations and interviews with controllers at BOS and EWR, we identify the closure of local departure fixes as the most severe class of airport departure restrictions. A set of simple queueing dynamics and traffic rules are developed to model departure traffic under such restrictions. The validity of the proposed model is tested via Monte Carlo simulation against 10 hours of actual operations data collected during a case-study at EWR on June 29,2000. In general, the model successfully reproduces the aggregate departure congestion. An analysis of the average error over 40 simulation runs indicates that flow-rate restrictions also significantly impact departure traffic; work is underway to capture these effects. Several applications and what-if scenarios are discussed for future evaluation using the calibrated model.

UAS in the NAS Air Traffic Controller Acceptability Study-1: The Effects of Horizontal Miss Distances on Simulated UAS and Manned Aircraft Encounters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ghatas, Rania W.; Comstock, James R., Jr.; Consiglio, Maria C.; Chamberlain, James P.; Hoffler, Keith D.

2015-01-01

This study examined air traffic controller acceptability ratings based on the effects of differing horizontal miss distances (HMDs) for encounters between UAS and manned aircraft. In a simulation of the Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) East-side airspace, the CAS-1 experiment at NASA Langley Research Center enlisted fourteen recently retired DFW air traffic controllers to rate well-clear volumes based on differing HMDs that ranged from 0.5 NM to 3.0 NM. The controllers were tasked with rating these HMDs from "too small" to "too excessive" on a defined, 1-5, scale and whether these distances caused any disruptions to the controller and/or to the surrounding traffic flow. Results of the study indicated a clear favoring towards a particular HMD range. Controller workload was also measured. Data from this experiment and subsequent experiments will play a crucial role in the FAA's establishment of rules, regulations, and procedures to safely and efficiently integrate UAS into the NAS.

14 CFR Appendix - Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES IFR ALTITUDES Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note...

75 FR 62457 - Establishment of Class E Airspace; Port Clarence, AK

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

... airstrip and has developed a military-use instrument approach procedure. This instrument approach procedure... Class E airspace for air traffic management of Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) operations. DATES... published in the notice of proposed rulemaking. The establishment of an instrument approach procedure...

14 CFR 91.1021 - Internal safety reporting and incident/accident response.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.../accident response. 91.1021 Section 91.1021 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT... incident/accident response. (a) Each program manager must establish an internal anonymous safety reporting...

14 CFR 171.21 - Scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... FACILITIES NON-FEDERAL NAVIGATION FACILITIES Nondirectional Radio Beacon Facilities § 171.21 Scope. (a) This... radio beacon facilities that are to be involved in the approval of instrument flight rules and air traffic control procedures related to those facilities. (b) A nondirectional radio beacon (“H” facilities...

Educating for Safety.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rothe, J. Peter

1991-01-01

To enhance the chance for success in educating young drivers, there should be a balance between the content, structure, and goals of traffic safety programs and the normative rules governing young people's lives. Presents recommendations for safety education based on the notion of complementarity and using a multiperspective approach. (AF)

14 CFR 101.3 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Waivers. 101.3 Section 101.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General § 101.3...

14 CFR 101.35 - Equipment and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Equipment and marking requirements. 101.35 Section 101.35 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.3 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Waivers. 101.3 Section 101.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General § 101.3...

14 CFR 101.3 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Waivers. 101.3 Section 101.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General § 101.3...

14 CFR 101.3 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Waivers. 101.3 Section 101.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General § 101.3...

14 CFR 101.35 - Equipment and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Equipment and marking requirements. 101.35 Section 101.35 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.3 - Waivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Waivers. 101.3 Section 101.3 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE BALLOONS General § 101.3...

14 CFR 101.17 - Lighting and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Lighting and marking requirements. 101.17 Section 101.17 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.17 - Lighting and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Lighting and marking requirements. 101.17 Section 101.17 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.35 - Equipment and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Equipment and marking requirements. 101.35 Section 101.35 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.17 - Lighting and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Lighting and marking requirements. 101.17 Section 101.17 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...

14 CFR 101.17 - Lighting and marking requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Lighting and marking requirements. 101.17 Section 101.17 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) AIR TRAFFIC AND GENERAL OPERATING RULES MOORED BALLOONS, KITES, AMATEUR ROCKETS AND UNMANNED FREE...