Turbo Pascal/GEM Software Interface for Scientific Graph Preparation

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-01

Well as whatever artistic touches that the author may desire. Even colour hardcopy reproduuction is possible through use of an appropriate colour...drawing axes on graphs. The unit also contains an autoscaling procedure that may be applied separately to all curve axes. 6.3.1 Available structures...procedures AxisScale Provides autoscaled values from specified min and max values. LabelRightAxis Draws ticks and numbers on the right axis. LabelXAxis

Turbo Pascal Implementation of a Distributed Processing Network of MS-DOS Microcomputers Connected in a Master-Slave Configuration

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

Interrupt Procedures ....... 29 13. Support for a Larger Memory Model ................ 29 C. IMPLEMENTATION ........................................ 29...describe the programmer’s model of the hardware utilized in the microcomputers and interrupt driven serial communication considerations. Chapter III...Central Processor Unit The programming model of Table 2.1 is common to the Intel 8088, 8086 and 80x86 series of microprocessors used in the IBM PC/AT

The language parallel Pascal and other aspects of the massively parallel processor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reeves, A. P.; Bruner, J. D.

1982-01-01

A high level language for the Massively Parallel Processor (MPP) was designed. This language, called Parallel Pascal, is described in detail. A description of the language design, a description of the intermediate language, Parallel P-Code, and details for the MPP implementation are included. Formal descriptions of Parallel Pascal and Parallel P-Code are given. A compiler was developed which converts programs in Parallel Pascal into the intermediate Parallel P-Code language. The code generator to complete the compiler for the MPP is being developed independently. A Parallel Pascal to Pascal translator was also developed. The architecture design for a VLSI version of the MPP was completed with a description of fault tolerant interconnection networks. The memory arrangement aspects of the MPP are discussed and a survey of other high level languages is given.

Object-oriented millisecond timers for the PC.

PubMed

Hamm, J P

2001-11-01

Object-oriented programming provides a useful structure for designing reusable code. Accurate millisecond timing is essential for many areas of research. With this in mind, this paper provides a Turbo Pascal unit containing an object-oriented millisecond timer. This approach allows for multiple timers to be running independently. The timers may also be set at different levels of temporal precision, such as 10(-3) (milliseconds) or 10(-5) sec. The object also is able to store the time of a flagged event for later examination without interrupting the ongoing timing operation.

Assembly-line Simulation Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chamberlain, Robert G.; Zendejas, Silvino; Malhotra, Shan

1987-01-01

Costs and profits estimated for models based on user inputs. Standard Assembly-line Manufacturing Industry Simulation (SAMIS) program generalized so useful for production-line manufacturing companies. Provides accurate and reliable means of comparing alternative manufacturing processes. Used to assess impact of changes in financial parameters as cost of resources and services, inflation rates, interest rates, tax policies, and required rate of return of equity. Most important capability is ability to estimate prices manufacturer would have to receive for its products to recover all of costs of production and make specified profit. Written in TURBO PASCAL.

An Introduction to Fractals and Chaos

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-01

figures in this report were created with programs written in Turbo Pascal 4.0 on a Zenith 248 with EGA. They are in the public domain. A figure was...upgraded both his graphics 1975, with the publication of his first and photographic equipment to pro- book in French, translated into English duce, with...spi.ce 1v.rtr!0!ts .... ....,, ,, ..... ,. -, 1 0 0.8 b 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Figure 3. A parafita i the ield of aaus’ i’arer ;% omnics , thi t. uiac 1, .- ~VO.iil

Concentrations of indoor pollutants (CIP) database user's manual (Version 4. 0)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Apte, M.G.; Brown, S.R.; Corradi, C.A.

1990-10-01

This is the latest release of the database and the user manual. The user manual is a tutorial and reference for utilizing the CIP Database system. An installation guide is included to cover various hardware configurations. Numerous examples and explanations of the dialogue between the user and the database program are provided. It is hoped that this resource will, along with on-line help and the menu-driven software, make for a quick and easy learning curve. For the purposes of this manual, it is assumed that the user is acquainted with the goals of the CIP Database, which are: (1) tomore » collect existing measurements of concentrations of indoor air pollutants in a user-oriented database and (2) to provide a repository of references citing measured field results openly accessible to a wide audience of researchers, policy makers, and others interested in the issues of indoor air quality. The database software, as distinct from the data, is contained in two files, CIP. EXE and PFIL.COM. CIP.EXE is made up of a number of programs written in dBase III command code and compiled using Clipper into a single, executable file. PFIL.COM is a program written in Turbo Pascal that handles the output of summary text files and is called from CIP.EXE. Version 4.0 of the CIP Database is current through March 1990.« less

An evaluation of Turbo Prolog with an emphasis on its application to the development of expert systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Loftin, Richard B.

1987-01-01

Turbo Prolog is a recently available, compiled version of the programming language Prolog. Turbo Prolog is designed to provide not only a Prolog compiler, but also a program development environment for the IBM Personal Computer family. An evaluation of Turbo Prolog was made, comparing its features to other versions of Prolog and to the community of languages commonly used in artificial intelligence (AI) research and development. Three programs were employed to determine the execution speed of Turbo Prolog applied to various problems. The results of this evaluation demonstrated that Turbo Prolog can perform much better than many commonly employed AI languages for numerically intensive problems and can equal the speed of development languages such as OPS5+ and CLIPS, running on the IBM PC. Applications for which Turbo Prolog is best suited include those which (1) lend themselves naturally to backward-chaining approaches, (2) require extensive use of mathematics, (3) contain few rules, (4) seek to make use of the window/color graphics capabilities of the IBM PC, and (5) require linkage to programs in other languages to form a complete executable image.

PASCAL Data Base: File Description and On Line Access on ESA/IRS.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pelissier, Denise

This report describes the PASCAL database, a machine readable version of the French abstract journal Bulletin Signaletique, which allows use of the file for (1) batch and online retrieval of information, (2) selective dissemination of information, and (3) publishing of the 50 sections of Bulletin Signaletique. The system, which covers nine…

Parallel Unsteady Turbopump Simulations for Liquid Rocket Engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiris, Cetin C.; Kwak, Dochan; Chan, William

2000-01-01

This paper reports the progress being made towards complete turbo-pump simulation capability for liquid rocket engines. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) turbo-pump impeller is used as a test case for the performance evaluation of the MPI and hybrid MPI/Open-MP versions of the INS3D code. Then, a computational model of a turbo-pump has been developed for the shuttle upgrade program. Relative motion of the grid system for rotor-stator interaction was obtained by employing overset grid techniques. Time-accuracy of the scheme has been evaluated by using simple test cases. Unsteady computations for SSME turbo-pump, which contains 136 zones with 35 Million grid points, are currently underway on Origin 2000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. Results from time-accurate simulations with moving boundary capability, and the performance of the parallel versions of the code will be presented in the final paper.

Étude de la réponse photoacoustique d'objets massifs en 3D

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Séverac, H.; Mousseigne, M.; Franceschi, J. L.

1996-11-01

In some sectors such as microelectronics or the physics of materials, reliability is of capital importance. It is also particularly attractive to have access on informations on the material behaviour without the use of a destructive test like chemical analysis or others mechanical tests. The submitted method for non-destructive testing is based on the waves generation with a laser beam. The aim of studying the various waves in the three-dimensional space is to bring informations about materials response. Thermoelastic modelisation allowed a rigorous analytic approach and to give rise to a software written in Turbo-Pascal for a more general solution. Dans les secteurs où la fiabilité est capitale, tels la micro-électronique ou la physique des matériaux, il est particulièrement utile d'accéder aux informations sur le comportement du matériau sans avoir à utiliser une méthode destructive (analyses chimiques ou autres essais mécaniques). La méthode de contrôle non destructif présentée est basée sur la génération d'ondes par impact d'un faisceau laser focalisé à la surface d'un échantillon, sans atteindre le régime d'ablation. L'étude de la propagation des diverses ondes dans l'espace tridimensionnel permet d'apporter des mesures quantitatives sur l'analyse de la réponse des matériaux utilisés. La modélisation des phénomènes thermoélastiques a permis une approche analytique rigoureuse et donné naissance à un logiciel de simulation écrit en Turbo-Pascal pour des études plus générales.

Implementing the UCSD PASCAL system on the MODCOMP computer. [deep space network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wolfe, T.

1980-01-01

The implementation of an interactive software development system (UCSD PASCAL) on the MODCOMP computer is discussed. The development of an interpreter for the MODCOMP II and the MODCOMP IV computers, written in MODCOMP II assembly language, is described. The complete Pascal programming system was run successfully on a MODCOMP II and MODCOMP IV under both the MAX II/III and MAX IV operating systems. The source code for an 8080 microcomputer version of the interpreter was used as the design for the MODCOMP interpreter. A mapping of the functions within the 8080 interpreter into MODCOMP II assembly language was the method used to code the interpreter.

PERFILS: a program for the quantitative treatment of footprinting data.

PubMed

Salas, X; Portugal, J

1993-10-01

PERFILS, a computer program written in Borland TurboPascal, performs quantitative analysis of footprinting experiments using any IBM PC or compatible microcomputer. The program uses the height of the bands obtained from densitometric scanning of footprinting autoradiographs to calculate a differential cleavage plot. Such a plot displays, on a logarithmic scale, the difference of susceptibility of a DNA fragment to DNase I, or any other cleaving agent, in the presence of any ligand versus the sequence. PERFILS calculates the fractional cleavage values for control and ligand, giving a table of values for each internucleotidic bond and rendering the differential cleavage plot in only a few seconds.

Turbo FRMAC 2016 Version 7.1.0

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fulton, John; Gallagher, Linda K.; Madrid, Gregory J.

2016-08-01

The Turbo FRMAC (TF) software program is the software implementation of the science and methodologies utilized in the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC). The software automates the calculations described in volumes 1 of "The Federal Manual for Assessing Environmental Data during a Radiological Emergency" (2015 version). In the event of the intentional or accidental release of radioactive material, the software is used to guide and govern the response of the Federal, State, Local, and Tribal governments. The manual, upon which the software is based, is unclassified and freely available on the Internet.

Modeling and simulation in biomedicine.

PubMed Central

Aarts, J.; Möller, D.; van Wijk van Brievingh, R.

1991-01-01

A group of researchers and educators in The Netherlands, Germany and Czechoslovakia have developed and adapted mathematical computer models of phenomena in the field of physiology and biomedicine for use in higher education. The models are graphical and highly interactive, and are all written in TurboPascal or the mathematical simulation language PSI. An educational shell has been developed to launch the models. The shell allows students to interact with the models and teachers to edit the models, to add new models and to monitor the achievements of the students. The models and the shell have been implemented on a MS-DOS personal computer. This paper describes the features of the modeling package and presents the modeling and simulation of the heart muscle as an example. PMID:1807745

SAMIS- STANDARD ASSEMBLY-LINE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY SIMULATION

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chamberlain, R. G.

1994-01-01

The Standard Assembly-Line Manufacturing Industry Simulation (SAMIS) program was originally developed to model a hypothetical U. S. industry which manufactures silicon solar modules for use in electricity generation. The SAMIS program has now been generalized to the extent that it should be useful for simulating many different production-line manufacturing industries and companies. The most important capability of SAMIS is its ability to "simulate" an industry based on a model developed by the user with the aid of the SAMIS program. The results of the simulation are a set of financial reports which detail the requirements, including quantities and cost, of the companies and processes which comprise the industry. SAMIS provides a fair, consistent, and reliable means of comparing manufacturing processes being developed by numerous independent efforts. It can also be used to assess the industry-wide impact of changes in financial parameters, such as cost of resources and services, inflation rates, interest rates, tax policies, and required return on equity. Because of the large amount of data needed to describe an industry, a major portion of SAMIS is dedicated to data entry and maintenance. This activity in SAMIS is referred to as model management. Model management requires a significant amount of interaction through a system of "prompts" which make it possible for persons not familiar with computers, or the SAMIS program, to provide all of the data necessary to perform a simulation. SAMIS is written in TURBO PASCAL (version 2.0 required for compilation) and requires 10 meg of hard disk space, an 8087 coprocessor, and an IBM color graphics monitor. Executables and source code are provided. SAMIS was originally developed in 1978; the IBM PC version was developed in 1985. Release 6.1 was made available in 1986, and includes the PC-IPEG program.

Development of an Aeroelastic Analysis Including a Viscous Flow Model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Keith, Theo G., Jr.; Bakhle, Milind A.

2001-01-01

Under this grant, Version 4 of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes aeroelastic code (TURBO-AE) has been developed and verified. The TURBO-AE Version 4 aeroelastic code allows flutter calculations for a fan, compressor, or turbine blade row. This code models a vibrating three-dimensional bladed disk configuration and the associated unsteady flow (including shocks, and viscous effects) to calculate the aeroelastic instability using a work-per-cycle approach. Phase-lagged (time-shift) periodic boundary conditions are used to model the phase lag between adjacent vibrating blades. The direct-store approach is used for this purpose to reduce the computational domain to a single interblade passage. A disk storage option, implemented using direct access files, is available to reduce the large memory requirements of the direct-store approach. Other researchers have implemented 3D inlet/exit boundary conditions based on eigen-analysis. Appendix A: Aeroelastic calculations based on three-dimensional euler analysis. Appendix B: Unsteady aerodynamic modeling of blade vibration using the turbo-V3.1 code.

Time-Dependent Simulation of Incompressible Flow in a Turbopump Using Overset Grid Approach

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiris, Cetin; Kwak, Dochan

2001-01-01

This paper reports the progress being made towards complete unsteady turbopump simulation capability by using overset grid systems. A computational model of a turbo-pump impeller is used as a test case for the performance evaluation of the MPI, hybrid MPI/Open-MP, and MLP versions of the INS3D code. Relative motion of the grid system for rotor-stator interaction was obtained by employing overset grid techniques. Unsteady computations for a turbo-pump, which contains 114 zones with 34.3 Million grid points, are performed on Origin 2000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. The approach taken for these simulations, and the performance of the parallel versions of the code are presented.

A computer-based instrumentation system for measurement of breath-by-breath oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

PubMed

Sharma, C; Gallagher, R R

1994-01-01

Improvements are implemented (Version 4) in a Computer-Based Respiratory Measurement System (CBRMS) identified as Version 3. The programming language has been changed from Pascal to C. A Gateway 2000 desktop computer with 486 DX2/50MHz CPU and a plug-in data I/O board (KEITHLEY METRABYTE/ASYST/DAC's DAS-HRES 16-bit Analog and Digital I/O board) replaces an HP 9836 system used in Version 3. The breath-by-breath system consists of a mass spectrometer for measuring fractional concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide and the accommodation of a turbine or pneumotachometer for measuring inspiratory and expiratory flows. The temperature of the inspiratory and expiratory gases can be monitored if temperature corrections are necessary for the flow measurement device. These signals are presented to the PC via the data acquisition module. To compare the two Versions, ten significant respiratory parameters were investigated and compared for physiological resting states and steady states obtained during an exercise forcing. Both graphical and statistical (analysis of variance, regression, and correlation) tests were carried out on the data. The results from the two versions compared well for all ten parameters. Also, no evidence of a statistically significant difference was found between the resting and steady-state results of the present CBRMS (Version 4) and the previous CBRMS (Version 3). This evidence suggests that Version 3 (Pascal) has been successfully converted to Version 4 (C). Implementation of the CBRMS in C on a PC has several advantages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A controlled experiment on the impact of software structure on maintainability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rombach, Dieter H.

1987-01-01

The impact of software structure on maintainability aspects including comprehensibility, locality, modifiability, and reusability in a distributed system environment is studied in a controlled maintenance experiment involving six medium-size distributed software systems implemented in LADY (language for distributed systems) and six in an extended version of sequential PASCAL. For all maintenance aspects except reusability, the results were quantitatively given in terms of complexity metrics which could be automated. The results showed LADY to be better suited to the development of maintainable software than the extension of sequential PASCAL. The strong typing combined with high parametrization of units is suggested to improve the reusability of units in LADY.

Progress of High Efficiency Centrifugal Compressor Simulations Using TURBO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kulkarni, Sameer; Beach, Timothy A.

2017-01-01

Three-dimensional, time-accurate, and phase-lagged computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the High Efficiency Centrifugal Compressor (HECC) stage were generated using the TURBO solver. Changes to the TURBO Parallel Version 4 source code were made in order to properly model the no-slip boundary condition along the spinning hub region for centrifugal impellers. A startup procedure was developed to generate a converged flow field in TURBO. This procedure initialized computations on a coarsened mesh generated by the Turbomachinery Gridding System (TGS) and relied on a method of systematically increasing wheel speed and backpressure. Baseline design-speed TURBO results generally overpredicted total pressure ratio, adiabatic efficiency, and the choking flow rate of the HECC stage as compared with the design-intent CFD results of Code Leo. Including diffuser fillet geometry in the TURBO computation resulted in a 0.6 percent reduction in the choking flow rate and led to a better match with design-intent CFD. Diffuser fillets reduced annulus cross-sectional area but also reduced corner separation, and thus blockage, in the diffuser passage. It was found that the TURBO computations are somewhat insensitive to inlet total pressure changing from the TURBO default inlet pressure of 14.7 pounds per square inch (101.35 kilopascals) down to 11.0 pounds per square inch (75.83 kilopascals), the inlet pressure of the component test. Off-design tip clearance was modeled in TURBO in two computations: one in which the blade tip geometry was trimmed by 12 mils (0.3048 millimeters), and another in which the hub flow path was moved to reflect a 12-mil axial shift in the impeller hub, creating a step at the hub. The one-dimensional results of these two computations indicate non-negligible differences between the two modeling approaches.

Acid-Base Disorders--A Computer Simulation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maude, David L.

1985-01-01

Describes and lists a program for Apple Pascal Version 1.1 which investigates the behavior of the bicarbonate-carbon dioxide buffer system in acid-base disorders. Designed specifically for the preclinical medical student, the program has proven easy to use and enables students to use blood gas parameters to arrive at diagnoses. (DH)

Micro-PROUST.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, W. Lewis; Soloway, Elliot

This detailed description of a microcomputer version of PROUST (Program Understander for Students), a knowledge-based system that finds nonsyntactic bugs in Pascal programs written by novice programmers, presents the inner workings of Micro-PROUST, which was written in Golden LISP for the IBM-PC (512K). The contents include: (1) a reprint of an…

Interactive Controls Analysis (INCA)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauer, Frank H.

1989-01-01

Version 3.12 of INCA provides user-friendly environment for design and analysis of linear control systems. System configuration and parameters easily adjusted, enabling INCA user to create compensation networks and perform sensitivity analysis in convenient manner. Full complement of graphical routines makes output easy to understand. Written in Pascal and FORTRAN.

Turbo FRMAC 2016 v. 7.3.0

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Madrid, Gregory J.; Whitener, Dustin Heath; Folz, Wesley

2017-05-27

The Turbo FRMAC (TF) software program is the software implementation of the science and methodologies utilized in the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC). The software automates the calculations described in volumes 1 of "The Federal Manual for Assessing Environmental Data during a Radiological Emergency" (2015 version). In the event of the intentional or accidental release of radioactive material, the software is used to guide and govern the response of the Federal, State, Local, and Tribal governments. The manual, upon which the software is based, is unclassified and freely available on the Internet.

Turbo FRMAC 2018

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fulton, John; Gallagher, Linda; Gonzales, Alejandro

The Turbo FRMAC (TF) software program is the software implementation of the science and methodologies utilized in the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC). The software automates the calculations described in volumes 1 of "The Federal Manual for Assessing Environmental Data during a Radiological Emergency" (2015 version). In the event of the intentional or accidental release of radioactive material, the software is used to guide and govern the response of the Federal, State, Local, and Tribal governments. The manual, upon which the software is based, is unclassified and freely available on the Internet.

Turbo FRMAC 2016 v. 7.2.0

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Madrid, Gregory J.; Whitener, Dustin Heath; Folz, Wesley

2017-02-27

The Turbo FRMAC (TF) software program is the software implementation of the science and methodologies utilized in the Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center (FRMAC). The software automates the calculations described in volumes 1 of "The Federal Manual for Assessing Environmental Data during a Radiological Emergency" (2015 version). In the event of the intentional or accidental release of radioactive material, the software is used to guide and govern the response of the Federal, State, Local, and Tribal governments. The manual, upon which the software is based, is unclassified and freely available on the Internet.

Algorithms and programming tools for image processing on the MPP, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reeves, Anthony P.

1986-01-01

A number of algorithms were developed for image warping and pyramid image filtering. Techniques were investigated for the parallel processing of a large number of independent irregular shaped regions on the MPP. In addition some utilities for dealing with very long vectors and for sorting were developed. Documentation pages for the algorithms which are available for distribution are given. The performance of the MPP for a number of basic data manipulations was determined. From these results it is possible to predict the efficiency of the MPP for a number of algorithms and applications. The Parallel Pascal development system, which is a portable programming environment for the MPP, was improved and better documentation including a tutorial was written. This environment allows programs for the MPP to be developed on any conventional computer system; it consists of a set of system programs and a library of general purpose Parallel Pascal functions. The algorithms were tested on the MPP and a presentation on the development system was made to the MPP users group. The UNIX version of the Parallel Pascal System was distributed to a number of new sites.

First experiences with an accelerated CMV antigenemia test: CMV Brite Turbo assay.

PubMed

Visser, C E; van Zeijl, C J; de Klerk, E P; Schillizi, B M; Beersma, M F; Kroes, A C

2000-06-01

Cytomegalovirus disease is still a major problem in immunocompromised patients, such as bone marrow or kidney transplantation patients. The detection of viral antigen in leukocytes (antigenemia) has proven to be a clinically relevant marker of CMV activity and has found widespread application. Because most existing assays are rather time-consuming and laborious, an accelerated version (Brite Turbo) of an existing method (Brite) has been developed. The major modification is in the direct lysis of erythrocytes instead of separation by sedimentation. In this study the Brite Turbo method has been compared with the conventional Brite method to detect CMV antigen pp65 in peripheral blood leukocytes of 107 consecutive immunocompromised patients. Both tests produced similar results. Discrepancies were limited to the lowest positive range and sensitivity and specificity were comparable for both tests. Two major advantages of the Brite Turbo method could be observed in comparison to the original method: assay-time was reduced by more than 50% and only 2 ml of blood was required. An additional advantage was the higher number of positive nuclei in the Brite Turbo method attributable to the increased number of granulocytes in the assay. Early detection of CMV infection or reactivation has become faster and easier with this modified assay.

Software design and documentation language: User's guide for SDDL release 4

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zepko, T. M.

1981-01-01

The changes introduced in the PASCAL implementation of the software design and documentation language are described. These changes include a number of new capabilities, plus some changes to make the language more consistent and easier to use. Incompatibilities with earlier versions are limited to certain of the directive statements.

Diagnostic Testing Package DX v 2.0 Technical Specification. Methodology Project.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McArthur, David

This paper contains the technical specifications, schematic diagrams, and program printout for a computer software package for the development and administration of diagnostic tests. The second version of the Diagnostic Testing Package DX consists of a PASCAL-based set of modules located in two main programs: (1) EDITTEST creates, modifies, and…

Multi-faults decoupling on turbo-expander using differential-based ensemble empirical mode decomposition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Hongguang; Li, Ming; Li, Cheng; Li, Fucai; Meng, Guang

2017-09-01

This paper dedicates on the multi-faults decoupling of turbo-expander rotor system using Differential-based Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (DEEMD). DEEMD is an improved version of DEMD to resolve the imperfection of mode mixing. The nonlinear behaviors of the turbo-expander considering temperature gradient with crack, rub-impact and pedestal looseness faults are investigated respectively, so that the baseline for the multi-faults decoupling can be established. DEEMD is then utilized on the vibration signals of the rotor system with coupling faults acquired by numerical simulation, and the results indicate that DEEMD can successfully decouple the coupling faults, which is more efficient than EEMD. DEEMD is also applied on the vibration signal of the misalignment coupling with rub-impact fault obtained during the adjustment of the experimental system. The conclusion shows that DEEMD can decompose the practical multi-faults signal and the industrial prospect of DEEMD is verified as well.

PSSC Turbo Ring Flinger

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McAlexander, Aaron

2005-12-01

This is a description of an inexpensive version of the Thompson's jumping ring demonstration apparatus, which provides for a spectacular demonstration of Lenz's law. The device has the additional capability of being used to demonstrate the opposing nature of inductive and capacitive reactance.

Digital Communications Terminal High Order Programming Language Study (DCT HOL Study). Volume I.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-11-26

3-3 PASCAL/M Digital Marketing ......... 3-3 PASCAL/MT MT MicroSystems .................... 3-3 PASCAL/Z Ithaca IntersysteMs...II Avocet Systems, Inc. 3.6 PASCAL - ISO PASCAL Whitesmith, Ltd. - PASCAL 64000 lbwlett-Packard - PASCAL/H Digital Marketing - PASCAL/MT MT

Diesel Engine Air Emissions Reduction Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-01

Hour GC/MS Gas Chromatography /Mass Spectroscopy GC/FID Gas Chromatography /Flame Ionization Detector g/mile Gram per Mile HAP Hazardous Air...Pollutant HC Hydrocarbon HPLC/UV High Performance Liquid Chromatography / Ultraviolet KPa Kilo-Pascals NDIR Non Dispersive Infrared... Chromatography (GC) where the samples were collected on DNPH cartridges. Portable versions of these instruments were available and employed for

High-Speed, Low-Cost Workstation for Computation-Intensive Statistics. Phase 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-06-20

routine implementation and performance. 5 The two compiled versions given in the table were coded in an attempt to obtain an optimized compiled version...level statistics and linear algebra routines (BSAS and BLAS) that have been prototyped in this study. For each routine, both the C code ( Turbo C...OISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Unlimited distribution 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) High-performance and low-cost

Automating software design system DESTA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lovitsky, Vladimir A.; Pearce, Patricia D.

1992-01-01

'DESTA' is the acronym for the Dialogue Evolutionary Synthesizer of Turnkey Algorithms by means of a natural language (Russian or English) functional specification of algorithms or software being developed. DESTA represents the computer-aided and/or automatic artificial intelligence 'forgiving' system which provides users with software tools support for algorithm and/or structured program development. The DESTA system is intended to provide support for the higher levels and earlier stages of engineering design of software in contrast to conventional Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems which provide low level tools for use at a stage when the major planning and structuring decisions have already been taken. DESTA is a knowledge-intensive system. The main features of the knowledge are procedures, functions, modules, operating system commands, batch files, their natural language specifications, and their interlinks. The specific domain for the DESTA system is a high level programming language like Turbo Pascal 6.0. The DESTA system is operational and runs on an IBM PC computer.

A Numerical Simulator for Three-Dimensional Flows Through Vibrating Blade Rows

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chuang, H. Andrew; Verdon, Joseph M.

1998-01-01

The three-dimensional, multi-stage, unsteady, turbomachinery analysis, TURBO, has been extended to predict the aeroelastic and aeroacoustic response behaviors of a single blade row operating within a cylindrical annular duct. In particular, a blade vibration capability has been incorporated so that the TURBO analysis can be applied over a solution domain that deforms with a vibratory blade motion. Also, unsteady far-field conditions have been implemented to render the computational boundaries at inlet and exit transparent to outgoing unsteady disturbances. The modified TURBO analysis is applied herein to predict unsteady subsonic and transonic flows. The intent is to partially validate this nonlinear analysis for blade flutter applications, via numerical results for benchmark unsteady flows, and to demonstrate the analysis for a realistic fan rotor. For these purposes, we have considered unsteady subsonic flows through a 3D version of the 10th Standard Cascade, and unsteady transonic flows through the first stage rotor of the NASA Lewis, Rotor 67, two-stage fan.

GAP: yet another image processing system for solar observations.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keller, C. U.

GAP is a versatile, interactive image processing system for analyzing solar observations, in particular extended time sequences, and for preparing publication quality figures. It consists of an interpreter that is based on a language with a control flow similar to PASCAL and C. The interpreter may be accessed from a command line editor and from user-supplied functions, procedures, and command scripts. GAP is easily expandable via external FORTRAN programs that are linked to the GAP interface routines. The current version of GAP runs on VAX, DECstation, Sun, and Apollo computers. Versions for MS-DOS and OS/2 are in preparation.

User Manual for Beta Version of TURBO-GRD: A Software System for Interactive Two-Dimensional Boundary/ Field Grid Generation, Modification, and Refinement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choo, Yung K.; Slater, John W.; Henderson, Todd L.; Bidwell, Colin S.; Braun, Donald C.; Chung, Joongkee

1998-01-01

TURBO-GRD is a software system for interactive two-dimensional boundary/field grid generation. modification, and refinement. Its features allow users to explicitly control grid quality locally and globally. The grid control can be achieved interactively by using control points that the user picks and moves on the workstation monitor or by direct stretching and refining. The techniques used in the code are the control point form of algebraic grid generation, a damped cubic spline for edge meshing and parametric mapping between physical and computational domains. It also performs elliptic grid smoothing and free-form boundary control for boundary geometry manipulation. Internal block boundaries are constructed and shaped by using Bezier curve. Because TURBO-GRD is a highly interactive code, users can read in an initial solution, display its solution contour in the background of the grid and control net, and exercise grid modification using the solution contour as a guide. This process can be called an interactive solution-adaptive grid generation.

Pascal's Triangle: 100% of the Numbers Are Even!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhindi, Nayan; McMenamin, Justin

2010-01-01

Pascal's triangle is an arrangement of the binomial coefficients in a triangle. Each number inside Pascal's triangle is calculated by adding the two numbers above it. When all the odd integers in Pascal's triangle are highlighted (black) and the remaining evens are left blank (white), one of many patterns in Pascal's triangle is displayed. By…

Development of a prototype multi-processing interactive software invocation system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berman, W. J.

1983-01-01

The Interactive Software Invocation System (NASA-ISIS) was first transported to the M68000 microcomputer, and then rewritten in the programming language Path Pascal. Path Pascal is a significantly enhanced derivative of Pascal, allowing concurrent algorithms to be expressed using the simple and elegant concept of Path Expressions. The primary results of this contract was to verify the viability of Path Pascal as a system's development language. The NASA-ISIS implementation using Path Pascal is a prototype of a large, interactive system in Path Pascal. As such, it is an excellent demonstration of the feasibility of using Path Pascal to write even more extensive systems. It is hoped that future efforts will build upon this research and, ultimately, that a full Path Pascal/ISIS Operating System (PPIOS) might be developed.

Heeding Cultural Prerogatives: The Evolving Politics of Wine Regulation in France

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-06-01

French wine advanced in concert with the consumption and production booms, according to most observers. Early trailblazers of gastronomy in France...History of Wine (New York: Harper Collins, 2000), 230. 54 Pascal Ory, “ Gastronomy ,” in Pierre Nora, Realms of Memory: The Construction of the French...constantly encounter, and often employ, new viticultural technologies and techniques. Just as is the case with standard versions of globalization, a deep

A Three-Dimensional Parallel Time-Accurate Turbopump Simulation Procedure Using Overset Grid System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiris, Cetin; Chan, William; Kwak, Dochan

2002-01-01

The objective of the current effort is to provide a computational framework for design and analysis of the entire fuel supply system of a liquid rocket engine, including high-fidelity unsteady turbopump flow analysis. This capability is needed to support the design of pump sub-systems for advanced space transportation vehicles that are likely to involve liquid propulsion systems. To date, computational tools for design/analysis of turbopump flows are based on relatively lower fidelity methods. An unsteady, three-dimensional viscous flow analysis tool involving stationary and rotational components for the entire turbopump assembly has not been available for real-world engineering applications. The present effort provides developers with information such as transient flow phenomena at start up, and nonuniform inflows, and will eventually impact on system vibration and structures. In the proposed paper, the progress toward the capability of complete simulation of the turbo-pump for a liquid rocket engine is reported. The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) turbo-pump is used as a test case for evaluation of the hybrid MPI/Open-MP and MLP versions of the INS3D code. CAD to solution auto-scripting capability is being developed for turbopump applications. The relative motion of the grid systems for the rotor-stator interaction was obtained using overset grid techniques. Unsteady computations for the SSME turbo-pump, which contains 114 zones with 34.5 million grid points, are carried out on Origin 3000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. Results from these time-accurate simulations with moving boundary capability are presented along with the performance of parallel versions of the code.

Time-Dependent Simulations of Turbopump Flows

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kris, Cetin C.; Kwak, Dochan

2001-01-01

The objective of the current effort is to provide a computational framework for design and analysis of the entire fuel supply system of a liquid rocket engine, including high-fidelity unsteady turbopump flow analysis. This capability is needed to support the design of pump sub-systems for advanced space transportation vehicles that are likely to involve liquid propulsion systems. To date, computational tools for design/analysis of turbopump flows are based on relatively lower fidelity methods. An unsteady, three-dimensional viscous flow analysis tool involving stationary and rotational components for the entire turbopump assembly has not been available for real-world engineering applications. The present effort will provide developers with information such as transient flow phenomena at start up, impact of non-uniform inflows, system vibration and impact on the structure. In the proposed paper, the progress toward the capability of complete simulation of the turbo-pump for a liquid rocket engine is reported. The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) turbo-pump is used as a test case for evaluation of the hybrid MPI/Open-MP and MLP versions of the INS3D code. The relative motion of the grid systems for the rotor-stator interaction was obtained using overset grid techniques. Time-accuracy of the scheme has been evaluated with simple test cases. Unsteady computations for the SSME turbo-pump, which contains 114 zones with 34.5 million grid points, are carried out on Origin 2000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. Results from these time-accurate simulations with moving boundary capability will be presented along with the performance of parallel versions of the code.

Soft-output decoding algorithms in iterative decoding of turbo codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Benedetto, S.; Montorsi, G.; Divsalar, D.; Pollara, F.

1996-01-01

In this article, we present two versions of a simplified maximum a posteriori decoding algorithm. The algorithms work in a sliding window form, like the Viterbi algorithm, and can thus be used to decode continuously transmitted sequences obtained by parallel concatenated codes, without requiring code trellis termination. A heuristic explanation is also given of how to embed the maximum a posteriori algorithms into the iterative decoding of parallel concatenated codes (turbo codes). The performances of the two algorithms are compared on the basis of a powerful rate 1/3 parallel concatenated code. Basic circuits to implement the simplified a posteriori decoding algorithm using lookup tables, and two further approximations (linear and threshold), with a very small penalty, to eliminate the need for lookup tables are proposed.

SNR-optimized phase-sensitive dual-acquisition turbo spin echo imaging: a fast alternative to FLAIR.

PubMed

Lee, Hyunyeol; Park, Jaeseok

2013-07-01

Phase-sensitive dual-acquisition single-slab three-dimensional turbo spin echo imaging was recently introduced, producing high-resolution isotropic cerebrospinal fluid attenuated brain images without long inversion recovery preparation. Despite the advantages, the weighted-averaging-based technique suffers from noise amplification resulting from different levels of cerebrospinal fluid signal modulations over the two acquisitions. The purpose of this work is to develop a signal-to-noise ratio-optimized version of the phase-sensitive dual-acquisition single-slab three-dimensional turbo spin echo. Variable refocusing flip angles in the first acquisition are calculated using a three-step prescribed signal evolution while those in the second acquisition are calculated using a two-step pseudo-steady state signal transition with a high flip-angle pseudo-steady state at a later portion of the echo train, balancing the levels of cerebrospinal fluid signals in both the acquisitions. Low spatial frequency signals are sampled during the high flip-angle pseudo-steady state to further suppress noise. Numerical simulations of the Bloch equations were performed to evaluate signal evolutions of brain tissues along the echo train and optimize imaging parameters. In vivo studies demonstrate that compared with conventional phase-sensitive dual-acquisition single-slab three-dimensional turbo spin echo, the proposed optimization yields 74% increase in apparent signal-to-noise ratio for gray matter and 32% decrease in imaging time. The proposed method can be a potential alternative to conventional fluid-attenuated imaging. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Performance Analyses of 38 kWe Turbo-Machine Unit for Space Reactor Power Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gallo, Bruno M.; El-Genk, Mohamed S.

2008-01-01

This paper developed a design and investigated the performance of 38 kWe turbo-machine unit for space nuclear reactor power systems with Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) energy conversion. The compressor and turbine of this unit are scaled versions of the NASA's BRU developed in the sixties and seventies. The performance results of turbo-machine unit are calculated for rotational speed up to 45 krpm, variable reactor thermal power and system pressure, and fixed turbine and compressor inlet temperatures of 1144 K and 400 K. The analyses used a detailed turbo-machine model developed at the University of New Mexico that accounts for the various energy losses in the compressor and turbine and the effect of compressibility of the He-Xe (40 mole/g) working fluid with increased flow rate. The model also accounts for the changes in the physical and transport properties of the working fluid with temperature and pressure. Results show that a unit efficiency of 24.5% is achievable at rotation speed of 45 krpm and system pressure of 0.75 MPa, assuming shaft and electrical generator efficiencies of 86.7% and 90%. The corresponding net electric power output of the unit is 38.5 kWe, the flow rate of the working fluid is 1.667 kg/s, the pressure ratio and polytropic efficiency for the compressor are 1.60 and 83.1%, and 1.51 and 88.3% for the turbine.

Teaching Pascal's Triangle from a Computer Science Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skurnick, Ronald

2004-01-01

Pascal's Triangle is named for the seventeenth-century French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal (the same person for whom the computer programming language is named). Students are generally introduced to Pascal's Triangle in an algebra or precalculus class in which the Binomial Theorem is presented. This article, presents a new method…

A Three Dimensional Parallel Time Accurate Turbopump Simulation Procedure Using Overset Grid Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kiris, Cetin; Chan, William; Kwak, Dochan

2001-01-01

The objective of the current effort is to provide a computational framework for design and analysis of the entire fuel supply system of a liquid rocket engine, including high-fidelity unsteady turbopump flow analysis. This capability is needed to support the design of pump sub-systems for advanced space transportation vehicles that are likely to involve liquid propulsion systems. To date, computational tools for design/analysis of turbopump flows are based on relatively lower fidelity methods. An unsteady, three-dimensional viscous flow analysis tool involving stationary and rotational components for the entire turbopump assembly has not been available for real-world engineering applications. The present effort provides developers with information such as transient flow phenomena at start up, and non-uniform inflows, and will eventually impact on system vibration and structures. In the proposed paper, the progress toward the capability of complete simulation of the turbo-pump for a liquid rocket engine is reported. The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) turbo-pump is used as a test case for evaluation of the hybrid MPI/Open-MP and MLP versions of the INS3D code. CAD to solution auto-scripting capability is being developed for turbopump applications. The relative motion of the grid systems for the rotor-stator interaction was obtained using overset grid techniques. Unsteady computations for the SSME turbo-pump, which contains 114 zones with 34.5 million grid points, are carried out on Origin 3000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. Results from these time-accurate simulations with moving boundary capability will be presented along with the performance of parallel versions of the code.

IPEG- IMPROVED PRICE ESTIMATION GUIDELINES (IBM PC VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aster, R. W.

1994-01-01

The Improved Price Estimation Guidelines, IPEG, program provides a simple yet accurate estimate of the price of a manufactured product. IPEG facilitates sensitivity studies of price estimates at considerably less expense than would be incurred by using the Standard Assembly-line Manufacturing Industry Simulation, SAMIS, program (COSMIC program NPO-16032). A difference of less than one percent between the IPEG and SAMIS price estimates has been observed with realistic test cases. However, the IPEG simplification of SAMIS allows the analyst with limited time and computing resources to perform a greater number of sensitivity studies than with SAMIS. Although IPEG was developed for the photovoltaics industry, it is readily adaptable to any standard assembly line type of manufacturing industry. IPEG estimates the annual production price per unit. The input data includes cost of equipment, space, labor, materials, supplies, and utilities. Production on an industry wide basis or a process wide basis can be simulated. Once the IPEG input file is prepared, the original price is estimated and sensitivity studies may be performed. The IPEG user selects a sensitivity variable and a set of values. IPEG will compute a price estimate and a variety of other cost parameters for every specified value of the sensitivity variable. IPEG is designed as an interactive system and prompts the user for all required information and offers a variety of output options. The IPEG/PC program is written in TURBO PASCAL for interactive execution on an IBM PC computer under DOS 2.0 or above with at least 64K of memory. The IBM PC color display and color graphics adapter are needed to use the plotting capabilities in IPEG/PC. IPEG/PC was developed in 1984. The original IPEG program is written in SIMSCRIPT II.5 for interactive execution and has been implemented on an IBM 370 series computer with a central memory requirement of approximately 300K of 8 bit bytes. The original IPEG was developed in 1980.

IPEG- IMPROVED PRICE ESTIMATION GUIDELINES (IBM 370 VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chamberlain, R. G.

1994-01-01

The Improved Price Estimation Guidelines, IPEG, program provides a simple yet accurate estimate of the price of a manufactured product. IPEG facilitates sensitivity studies of price estimates at considerably less expense than would be incurred by using the Standard Assembly-line Manufacturing Industry Simulation, SAMIS, program (COSMIC program NPO-16032). A difference of less than one percent between the IPEG and SAMIS price estimates has been observed with realistic test cases. However, the IPEG simplification of SAMIS allows the analyst with limited time and computing resources to perform a greater number of sensitivity studies than with SAMIS. Although IPEG was developed for the photovoltaics industry, it is readily adaptable to any standard assembly line type of manufacturing industry. IPEG estimates the annual production price per unit. The input data includes cost of equipment, space, labor, materials, supplies, and utilities. Production on an industry wide basis or a process wide basis can be simulated. Once the IPEG input file is prepared, the original price is estimated and sensitivity studies may be performed. The IPEG user selects a sensitivity variable and a set of values. IPEG will compute a price estimate and a variety of other cost parameters for every specified value of the sensitivity variable. IPEG is designed as an interactive system and prompts the user for all required information and offers a variety of output options. The IPEG/PC program is written in TURBO PASCAL for interactive execution on an IBM PC computer under DOS 2.0 or above with at least 64K of memory. The IBM PC color display and color graphics adapter are needed to use the plotting capabilities in IPEG/PC. IPEG/PC was developed in 1984. The original IPEG program is written in SIMSCRIPT II.5 for interactive execution and has been implemented on an IBM 370 series computer with a central memory requirement of approximately 300K of 8 bit bytes. The original IPEG was developed in 1980.

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 153 - Metric Units Used in Part 153

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... common metric Force Newton N 0.225 lbs. Length Meter m 39.37 in. Centimeter cm .3937 in. Pressure Pascal Pa 1.450×10−4 lbs/in 2. Kilo-Pascal (1,000 Pascals) kPa 0.145 lbs/in 2. Kilo-Pascal kPa 1.02×10−2 kg/cm2. ......do kPa 1×10 3 N/m 2. Temperature Degree Celsius °C 5/9 (°F-32). Viscosity milli-Pascal...

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 153 - Metric Units Used in Part 153

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... common metric Force Newton N 0.225 lbs. Length Meter m 39.37 in. Centimeter cm .3937 in. Pressure Pascal Pa 1.450×10−4 lbs/in 2. Kilo-Pascal (1,000 Pascals) kPa 0.145 lbs/in 2. Kilo-Pascal kPa 1.02×10−2 kg/cm2. ......do kPa 1×10 3 N/m 2. Temperature Degree Celsius °C 5/9 (°F-32). Viscosity milli-Pascal...

Adaptive control of a jet turboshaft engine driving a variable pitch propeller using multiple models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahmadian, Narjes; Khosravi, Alireza; Sarhadi, Pouria

2017-08-01

In this paper, a multiple model adaptive control (MMAC) method is proposed for a gas turbine engine. The model of a twin spool turbo-shaft engine driving a variable pitch propeller includes various operating points. Variations in fuel flow and propeller pitch inputs produce different operating conditions which force the controller to be adopted rapidly. Important operating points are three idle, cruise and full thrust cases for the entire flight envelope. A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) version of second level adaptation using multiple models is developed. Also, stability analysis using Lyapunov method is presented. The proposed method is compared with two conventional first level adaptation and model reference adaptive control techniques. Simulation results for JetCat SPT5 turbo-shaft engine demonstrate the performance and fidelity of the proposed method.

Advanced Subsonic Technology (AST) Area of Interest (AOI) 6: Develop and Validate Aeroelastic Codes for Turbomachinery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gardner, Kevin D.; Liu, Jong-Shang; Murthy, Durbha V.; Kruse, Marlin J.; James, Darrell

1999-01-01

AlliedSignal Engines, in cooperation with NASA GRC (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glenn Research Center), completed an evaluation of recently-developed aeroelastic computer codes using test cases from the AlliedSignal Engines fan blisk and turbine databases. Test data included strain gage, performance, and steady-state pressure information obtained for conditions where synchronous or flutter vibratory conditions were found to occur. Aeroelastic codes evaluated included quasi 3-D UNSFLO (MIT Developed/AE Modified, Quasi 3-D Aeroelastic Computer Code), 2-D FREPS (NASA-Developed Forced Response Prediction System Aeroelastic Computer Code), and 3-D TURBO-AE (NASA/Mississippi State University Developed 3-D Aeroelastic Computer Code). Unsteady pressure predictions for the turbine test case were used to evaluate the forced response prediction capabilities of each of the three aeroelastic codes. Additionally, one of the fan flutter cases was evaluated using TURBO-AE. The UNSFLO and FREPS evaluation predictions showed good agreement with the experimental test data trends, but quantitative improvements are needed. UNSFLO over-predicted turbine blade response reductions, while FREPS under-predicted them. The inviscid TURBO-AE turbine analysis predicted no discernible blade response reduction, indicating the necessity of including viscous effects for this test case. For the TURBO-AE fan blisk test case, significant effort was expended getting the viscous version of the code to give converged steady flow solutions for the transonic flow conditions. Once converged, the steady solutions provided an excellent match with test data and the calibrated DAWES (AlliedSignal 3-D Viscous Steady Flow CFD Solver). However, efforts expended establishing quality steady-state solutions prevented exercising the unsteady portion of the TURBO-AE code during the present program. AlliedSignal recommends that unsteady pressure measurement data be obtained for both test cases examined for use in aeroelastic code validation.

PASCAL vs BASIC

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mundie, David A.

1978-01-01

A comparison between PASCAL and BASIC as general purpose microprocessor languages rates PASCAL above BASIC in such points as program structure, data types, structuring methods, control structures, procedures and functions, and ease in learning. (CMV)

PASCAL/48 reference manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Knight, J. C.; Hamm, R. W.

1984-01-01

PASCAL/48 is a programming language for the Intel MCS-48 series of microcomputers. In particular, it can be used with the Intel 8748. It is designed to allow the programmer to control most of the instructions being generated and the allocation of storage. The language can be used instead of ASSEMBLY language in most applications while allowing the user the necessary degree of control over hardware resources. Although it is called PASCAL/48, the language differs in many ways from PASCAL. The program structure and statements of the two languages are similar, but the expression mechanism and data types are different. The PASCAL/48 cross-compiler is written in PASCAL and runs on the CDC CYBER NOS system. It generates object code in Intel hexadecimal format that can be used to program the MCS-48 series of microcomputers. This reference manual defines the language, describes the predeclared procedures, lists error messages, illustrates use, and includes language syntax diagrams.

Fault-Tree Compiler

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, Ricky W.; Boerschlein, David P.

1993-01-01

Fault-Tree Compiler (FTC) program, is software tool used to calculate probability of top event in fault tree. Gates of five different types allowed in fault tree: AND, OR, EXCLUSIVE OR, INVERT, and M OF N. High-level input language easy to understand and use. In addition, program supports hierarchical fault-tree definition feature, which simplifies tree-description process and reduces execution time. Set of programs created forming basis for reliability-analysis workstation: SURE, ASSIST, PAWS/STEM, and FTC fault-tree tool (LAR-14586). Written in PASCAL, ANSI-compliant C language, and FORTRAN 77. Other versions available upon request.

Algorithms and programming tools for image processing on the MPP

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reeves, A. P.

1985-01-01

Topics addressed include: data mapping and rotational algorithms for the Massively Parallel Processor (MPP); Parallel Pascal language; documentation for the Parallel Pascal Development system; and a description of the Parallel Pascal language used on the MPP.

The SIFT hardware/software systems. Volume 2: Software listings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Palumbo, Daniel L.

1985-01-01

This document contains software listings of the SIFT operating system and application software. The software is coded for the most part in a variant of the Pascal language, Pascal*. Pascal* is a cross-compiler running on the VAX and Eclipse computers. The output of Pascal* is BDX-390 assembler code. When necessary, modules are written directly in BDX-390 assembler code. The listings in this document supplement the description of the SIFT system found in Volume 1 of this report, A Detailed Description.

Comparison of PASCAL and FORTRAN for solving problems in the physical sciences

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Watson, V. R.

1981-01-01

The paper compares PASCAL and FORTRAN for problem solving in the physical sciences, due to requests NASA has received to make PASCAL available on the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulator (scheduled to be operational in 1986). PASCAL disadvantages include the lack of scientific utility procedures equivalent to the IBM scientific subroutine package or the IMSL package which are available in FORTRAN. Advantages include a well-organized, easy to read and maintain writing code, range checking to prevent errors, and a broad selection of data types. It is concluded that FORTRAN may be the better language, although ADA (patterned after PASCAL) may surpass FORTRAN due to its ability to add complex and vector math, and the specify the precision and range of variables.

A Potpourri of Pascal Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gimmestad, Beverly; And Others

This is a collection of Pascal programs that were developed for a 1986 National Science Foundation-sponsored high school teachers' summer workshop. The programs can be used as a means of extending or enriching textbook material in either high school mathematics or Pascal courses. Some suggested uses are: (1) teacher demonstrations in mathematics…

What Do You Find? Students Investigating Patterns in Pascal's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Obara, Samuel

2012-01-01

In this paper, students used problem-solving skills to investigate what patterns exist in the Pascal triangle and incorporated technology using Geometer's Sketchpad (GSP) in the process. Students came up with patterns such as natural numbers, triangular numbers, and Fibonacci numbers. Although the patterns inherent in Pascal's triangle may seem…

Pascal: Solutions to Projects. Dissemination Packet--Summer 1989: Booklet #5.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenwell, Raymond N.

This booklet is the fifth in a series of nine from the Teacher Training Institute at Hofstra University (New York) and contains the instructor's and several participants' course project solutions for both Pascal programing courses within the institute. Included in this booklet are Pascal programs utilized with the following project topics: (1)…

On Why It Is Impossible to Prove that the BDX90 Dispatcher Implements a Time-sharing System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boyer, R. S.; Moore, J. S.

1983-01-01

The Software Implemented Fault Tolerance SIFT system, is written in PASCAL except for about a page of machine code. The SIFT system implements a small time sharing system in which PASCAL programs for separate application tasks are executed according to a schedule with real time constraints. The PASCAL language has no provision for handling the notion of an interrupt such as the B930 clock interrupt. The PASCAL language also lacks the notion of running a PASCAL subroutine for a given amount of time, suspending it, saving away the suspension, and later activating the suspension. Machine code was used to overcome these inadequacies of PASCAL. Code which handles clock interrupts and suspends processes is called a dispatcher. The time sharing/virtual machine idea is completely destroyed by the reconfiguration task. After termination of the reconfiguration task, the tasks run by the dispatcher have no relation to those run before reconfiguration. It is impossible to view the dispatcher as a time-sharing system implementing virtual BDX930s running concurrently when one process can wipe out the others.

Research in mathematical theory of computation. [computer programming applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mccarthy, J.

1973-01-01

Research progress in the following areas is reviewed: (1) new version of computer program LCF (logic for computable functions) including a facility to search for proofs automatically; (2) the description of the language PASCAL in terms of both LCF and in first order logic; (3) discussion of LISP semantics in LCF and attempt to prove the correctness of the London compilers in a formal way; (4) design of both special purpose and domain independent proving procedures specifically program correctness in mind; (5) design of languages for describing such proof procedures; and (6) the embedding of ideas in the first order checker.

Parallel Gaussian elimination of a block tridiagonal matrix using multiple microcomputers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blech, Richard A.

1989-01-01

The solution of a block tridiagonal matrix using parallel processing is demonstrated. The multiprocessor system on which results were obtained and the software environment used to program that system are described. Theoretical partitioning and resource allocation for the Gaussian elimination method used to solve the matrix are discussed. The results obtained from running 1, 2 and 3 processor versions of the block tridiagonal solver are presented. The PASCAL source code for these solvers is given in the appendix, and may be transportable to other shared memory parallel processors provided that the synchronization outlines are reproduced on the target system.

C-Language Integrated Production System, Version 5.1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riley, Gary; Donnell, Brian; Ly, Huyen-Anh VU; Culbert, Chris; Savely, Robert T.; Mccoy, Daniel J.; Giarratano, Joseph

1992-01-01

CLIPS 5.1 provides cohesive software tool for handling wide variety of knowledge with support for three different programming paradigms: rule-based, object-oriented, and procedural. Rule-based programming provides representation of knowledge by use of heuristics. Object-oriented programming enables modeling of complex systems as modular components. Procedural programming enables CLIPS to represent knowledge in ways similar to those allowed in such languages as C, Pascal, Ada, and LISP. Working with CLIPS 5.1, one can develop expert-system software by use of rule-based programming only, object-oriented programming only, procedural programming only, or combinations of the three.

Advanced Placement Computer Science (with Pascal). Teacher's Guide. Volume 1. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farkouh, Alice; And Others

The purpose of this guide is to give teachers and supervisors a working knowledge of various approaches to enhancing pupil learning about computer science, particularly through the use of Pascal. It contains instructional units dealing with: (1) computer components; (2) computer languages; (3) compilers; (4) essential features of a Pascal program;…

PASCAL Data Base File Description and Indexing Rules in Chemistry, Biology and Medicine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaillardin, R.; And Others

This report on the multidisciplinary PASCAL database describes the files and the indexing rules for chemistry, biology, and medicine. PASCAL deals with all aspects of chemistry within two subfiles whose combined yearly growth is about 100,000 references. The Biopascal file, organized in the two subfiles of Plant Science and Biology and Medicine,…

Pascal's Infinite Set of Triangles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skurnick, Ronald

2005-01-01

Pascal's Triangle is, without question, the most well-known triangular array of numbers in all of mathematics. A well-known algorithm for constructing Pascal's Triangle is based on the following two observations. The outer edges of the triangle consist of all 1's. Each number not lying on the outer edges is the sum of the two numbers above it in…

Tribonacci-Like Sequences and Generalized Pascal's Pyramids

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anatriello, Giuseppina; Vincenzi, Giovanni

2014-01-01

A well-known result of Feinberg and Shannon states that the tribonacci sequence can be detected by the so-called "Pascal's pyramid." Here we will show that any tribonacci-like sequence can be obtained by the diagonals of the "Feinberg's triangle" associated to a suitable "generalized Pascal's pyramid."…

PAS-cal: a Generic Recombinant Peptide Calibration Standard for Mass Spectrometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Breibeck, Joscha; Serafin, Adam; Reichert, Andreas; Maier, Stefan; Küster, Bernhard; Skerra, Arne

2014-08-01

We describe the design, preparation, and mass-spectrometric characterization of a new recombinant peptide calibration standard with uniform biophysical and ionization characteristics for mass spectrometry. "PAS-cal" is an artificial polypeptide concatamer of peptide cassettes with varying lengths, each composed of the three small, chemically stable amino acids Pro, Ala, and Ser, which are interspersed by Arg residues to allow site-specific cleavage with trypsin. PAS-cal is expressed at high yields in Escherichia coli as a Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) fusion protein, which is easily purified and allows isolation of the PAS-cal moiety after SUMO protease cleavage. Upon subsequent in situ treatment with trypsin, the PAS-cal polypeptide yields a set of four defined homogeneous peptides in the range from 2 to 8 kDa with equal mass spacing. ESI-MS analysis revealed a conveniently interpretable raw spectrum, which after deconvolution resulted in a very simple pattern of four peaks with similar ionization signals. MALDI-MS analysis of a PAS-cal peptide mixture comprising both the intact polypeptide and its tryptic fragments revealed not only the four standard peptides but also the singly and doubly charged states of the intact concatamer as well as di- and trimeric adduct ion species between the peptides, thus augmenting the observable m/z range. The advantageous properties of PAS-cal are most likely a result of the strongly hydrophilic and conformationally disordered PEG-like properties of the PAS sequences. Therefore, PAS-cal offers an inexpensive and versatile recombinant peptide calibration standard for mass spectrometry in protein/peptide bioanalytics and proteomics research, the composition of which may be further adapted to fit individual needs.

Scissors Duct

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-06-26

Stennis Space Center engineers are preparing to conduct water tests on an updated version of the scissors duct component of the J-2X engine. Measuring about 2 feet long and about 8 inches in diameter, the duct on the J-2X predecessor, the J-2, connected its fuel turbo pumps to the flight vehicle's upper stage run tanks. According to NASA's J-2X project manager at SSC, Gary Benton, the water tests should establish the limits of the duct's ability to withstand vibration.

Developing Formulas by Skipping Rows in Pascal's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buonpastore, Robert J.; Osler, Thomas J.

2007-01-01

A table showing the first thirteen rows of Pascal's triangle, where the rows are, as usual numbered from 0 to 12 is presented. The entries in the table are called binomial coefficients. In this note, the authors systematically delete rows from Pascal's triangle and, by trial and error, try to find a formula that allows them to add new rows to the…

C-Language Integrated Production System, Version 6.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riley, Gary; Donnell, Brian; Ly, Huyen-Anh Bebe; Ortiz, Chris

1995-01-01

C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) computer programs are specifically intended to model human expertise or other knowledge. CLIPS is designed to enable research on, and development and delivery of, artificial intelligence on conventional computers. CLIPS 6.0 provides cohesive software tool for handling wide variety of knowledge with support for three different programming paradigms: rule-based, object-oriented, and procedural. Rule-based programming: representation of knowledge as heuristics - essentially, rules of thumb that specify set of actions performed in given situation. Object-oriented programming: modeling of complex systems comprised of modular components easily reused to model other systems or create new components. Procedural-programming: representation of knowledge in ways similar to those of such languages as C, Pascal, Ada, and LISP. Version of CLIPS 6.0 for IBM PC-compatible computers requires DOS v3.3 or later and/or Windows 3.1 or later.

Performance analysis of optical wireless communication system based on two-fold turbo code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Jun; Huang, Dexiu; Yuan, Xiuhua

2005-11-01

Optical wireless communication (OWC) is beginning to emerge in the telecommunications market as a strategy to meet last-mile demand owing to its unique combination of features. Turbo codes have an impressive near Shannon-limit error correcting performance. Twofold turbo codes have been recently introduced as the least complex member of the multifold turbo code family. In this paper, at first, we present the mathematical model of signal and optical wireless channel with fading and bit error rate model with scintillation, then we provide a new turbo code method to use in OWC system, we can obtain a better BER curse of OWC system with twofold turbo code than with common turbo code.

Pascal and High-School Students: A Study of Misconceptions. Technology Panel Study of Stanford and the Schools. Occasional Report #009.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sleeman, D.; And Others

In an attempt to initiate a new approach to the teaching of Pascal, a study was conducted to ascertain the difficulties students encountered when they attempt to learn this computer language. Screening tests were given to 68 students in grades 11 and 12 who had just completed a semester course in Pascal. The purpose of the test was to detect…

Programming Pascal's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curley, Walter

1974-01-01

After a brief discussion of Pascal's triangle and description of four methods of hand construction, the author provides FORTRAN and BASIC programs for computer construction based on recursive definition. (SD)

Error Control Coding Techniques for Space and Satellite Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.; Cabral, Hermano A.; He, Jiali

1997-01-01

Bootstrap Hybrid Decoding (BHD) (Jelinek and Cocke, 1971) is a coding/decoding scheme that adds extra redundancy to a set of convolutionally encoded codewords and uses this redundancy to provide reliability information to a sequential decoder. Theoretical results indicate that bit error probability performance (BER) of BHD is close to that of Turbo-codes, without some of their drawbacks. In this report we study the use of the Multiple Stack Algorithm (MSA) (Chevillat and Costello, Jr., 1977) as the underlying sequential decoding algorithm in BHD, which makes possible an iterative version of BHD.

'Robert Schumann's mental illnesses. (Genius and madness)', by Mlle Dr Pascal (1908a): Introduction and translation by Felicia Gordon.

PubMed

Gordon, Felicia

2015-09-01

Dr Constance Pascal's study of Robert Schumann's mental illnesses, dating from the early years of the twentieth century, reflects contemporary theories on the relations between gifted individuals and mental illness: the genius vs. madness debate. Pascal's reading of Schumann's musical career, in conjunction with his mental profile, offers a sympathetic and nuanced overview of the composer and a critical perspective on extant theories of his illness. © The Author(s) 2015.

Multiscale Materials Science: A Mathematical Approach to the Role of Defects and Uncertainty

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

ADDRESS(ES) Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees 6 et 8 avenue Blaise Pascal, Cite Descartes , Champs sur Marne 77 455 Marne la Vallee Cedex 2...nationale des ponts et chaussees 6 et 8 avenue Blaise-Pascal, Cite Descartes Champs-sur-Marne F-77455 Mame-la-Vallee cedex 2 www.enpc.fr tel...CHAUSSEES 6, AVENUE BLAISE PASCAL 6 ET 8 CITE DESCARTES CHAMPS SUR MARNE, 77420 FR 13d. BUSINESS OFFICE CONTACT: CAROLINA GARCIA-OLMEDO 13e

Zonal Wave Number 2 Rossby Wave (3.5-day oscillation) Over The Martian Lower Atmosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghosh, P.; Thokuluwa, R. K.

2013-12-01

Over the Mars, height (800-50 Pascal pressure coordinate) profiles of temperature (K), measured by radio occultation technique during the MGS (Mars Global Surveyor) mission, obtained for the period of 1-10 January 2006 at the Martian latitude of ~63N in almost all the longitudes are analyzed to study the characteristics of the 3.5-day oscillation. To avoid significant data gaps in a particular longitude sector, we selected a set of 7 Mars longitude regions with ranges of 0-30E, 35-60E, 65-95E, 190-230E, 250-280E, 290-320E, and 325-360E to study the global characteristics of the 3.5-day oscillation. The 3.5-day oscillation is not selected as a-priori but observed as a most significant oscillation during this period of 1-10 January 2006. It is observed that in the longitude of 0-30E, the 3.5-day oscillation shows statistically significant power (above the 95% confidence level white noise) from the lowest height (800 Pascal, 8 hPa) itself and up to the height of 450 Pascal level with the maximum power of ~130 K^2 at the 600 & 650 Pascal levels. It started to grow from the power of ~ 50 K^2 at the lowest height of 800 Pascal level and reached the maximum power in the height of 600-650 Pascal level and then it started to get lessened monotonously up to the height of 450 Pascal level where its power is ~ 20 K^2. Beyond this height and up to the height of 50 Pascal level, the wave amplitude is below the white noise level. As the phase of the wave is almost constant at all the height levels, it seems that the observed 3.5-day oscillation is a stationary wave with respect to the height. In the 35-60 E longitude sector, the vertical structure of the 3.5-day oscillation is similar to what observed for the 0-30 E longitude region but the power is statistically insignificant at all the heights. However in the 65-95E longitude sector, the wave grows from the lowest level (70 K^2) of 800 Pascal to its maximum power of 280 K^2 in the height of 700 Pascal level and then it started to get decreasing monotonously to the statistically significant lowest power of 20 K^2 in the height of 450 Pascal level. Similar to the 0-30E longitude region, there is no significant wave in all the heights above the 450 Pascal level. The 190-230 E region shows similar wave characteristics (both the power and height structure) as observed for the 0-30 E region. This would indicate that the here reporting 3.5 day wave might be associated with eastward propagating (observed the zonal phase speed of ~0.5 days per 30 degree longitude) wave number 2 Rossby wave as the wave shows similar characteristics in the two longitude regions of 0-30E and 190-230 E with the longitudinal interval of 180 degrees. Peculiarly, in the 250-280 E region, the wave shows maximum power (120 K^2) in the two heights of 550 and 700 Pascal levels. As a further support for the zonal wave number 2 structure, there is no significant 3.5-day oscillation in all the height levels in the 290-320 E longitude region which is similar to what observed in the 35-60E longitude sector. A detailed investigation of this 3.5 day oscillation will be presented also for other periods of different years.

Garrett Electric Boosting Systems (EBS) Program

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Steve Arnold; Craig Balis; Pierre Barthelet

2005-03-31

Turbo diesel engine use in passenger cars in Europe has resulted in 30-50% improvement in fuel economy. Diesel engine application is particularly suitable for US because of vehicle size and duty cycle patterns. Adopting this technology for use in the US presents two issues--emissions and driveability. Emissions reduction technology is being well addressed with advanced turbocharging, fuel injection and catalytic aftertreatment systems One way to address driveability is to eliminate turbo lag and increase low speed torque. Electrically assisted turbocharging concepts incorporated in e-Turbo{trademark} designs do both The purpose of this project is to design and develop an electrically assistedmore » turbocharger, e-Turbo{trademark}, for diesel engine use in the US. In this report, early design and development of electrical assist technology is described together with issues and potential benefits. In this early phase a mathematical model was developed and verified. The model was used in a sensitivity study. The results of the sensitivity study together with the design and test of first generation hardware was fed into second generation designs. In order to fully realize the benefits of electrical assist technology it was necessary to expand the scope of work to include technology on the compressor side as well as electronic controls concepts. The results of the expanded scope of work are also reported here. In the first instance, designs and hardware were developed for a small engine to quantify and demonstrate benefits. The turbo size was such that it could be applied in a bi-turbo configuration to an SUV sized V engine. Mathematical simulation was used to quantify the possible benefits in an SUV application. It is shown that low speed torque can be increased to get the high performance expected in US, automatic transmission vehicles. It is also shown that e-Turbo{trademark} can be used to generate modest amounts of electrical power and supplement the alternator under most load-speed conditions. It is shown that a single (large) e-Turbo{trademark} consumes slightly less electrical power for the same steady state torque shaping than a bi-Turbo configuration. However, the transient response of a bi-Turbo configuration is slightly better. It was shown that in order to make full use of additional capabilities of e-Turbo{trademark} wide compressor flow range is required. Variable geometry compressor (VGC) technology developed under a separate project was evaluated for incorporation into e-Turbo{trademark} designs. It was shown that the combination of these two technologies enables very high torque at low engine speeds. Designs and hardware combining VGC and e-Turbo{trademark} are to be developed in a future project. There is concern about high power demands (even though momentary) of e-Turbo{trademark}. Reducing the inertia of the turbocharger can reduce power demand and increase battery life. Low inertia turbocharger technology called IBT developed under a separate project was evaluated for synergy with e-Turbo{trademark} designs. It was concluded that inertial reduction provided by IBT is very beneficial for e-Turbo{trademark}. Designs and hardware combining IBT and e-Turbo{trademark} are to be developed in a future project. e-Turbo{trademark} provides several additional flexibilities including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for emissions reduction with minimum fuel economy penalty and exhaust temperature control for aftertreatment. In integrated multi-parameter control system is needed to realize the full potential of e-Turbo{trademark} performance. Honeywell expertise in process control systems involving hundreds of sensors and actuators was applied to demonstrate the potential benefits of multi-parameter, model based control systems.« less

The Pascal Mars Scout Mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haberle, R. M.; Fonda, Mark (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

Except for Earth, Mars is the planet most amenable to surface-based climate studies. Its surface is accessible, and the kind of observations that are needed, such as meteorological measurements from a long-lived global network, are readily achievable. Weather controls the movement of dust, the exchange of water between the surface and atmosphere, and the cycling of CO2 between the poles. We know there is a weather signal, we know how to measure it, and we know how to interpret it. Pascal seeks to understand the long-term global behavior of near-surface weather systems on Mars, how they interact with its surface, and, therefore, how they control its climate system. To achieve this, Pascal delivers 18 Science Stations to the surface of the planet that operate for three Mars years (5.6 Earth years). The network has stations operating in the tropics, midlatitudes, and polar regions of both hemispheres. During entry, descent, and landing, each Pascal probe acquires deceleration measurements to determine thermal structure, and descent images to characterize local terrain. On the surface, each Science Station takes daily measurements of pressure, opacity, temperature, wind speed, and water vapor concentration and monthly panoramic images of the landing environment. These data will characterize the planet's climate system and how atmosphere-surface interactions control it. The Pascal mission is named after 17th century French Scientist, Blaise Pascal, who pioneered measurements of atmospheric pressure. Pressure is the most critical measurement because it records the "heartbeat" of the planet's general circulation and climate system.

Comparison of the CMV brite turbo assay and the digene hybrid capture CMV DNA (Version 2.0) assay for quantitation of cytomegalovirus in renal transplant recipients.

PubMed

Ho, S K; Li, F K; Lai, K N; Chan, T M

2000-10-01

We compared the CMV Brite Turbo Kit (BT) and the Digene Hybrid Capture CMV DNA (version 2.0) assay (HC2) in the quantitation of pp65 antigenemia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA levels in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients. Of 123 blood specimens collected from 24 renal transplant recipients, BT and HC2 assays detected 35 and 39 positive samples, respectively. The overall concordance rate between the two assays was 90%. Discordant results were observed at low levels of viremia, so that 8 samples were HC2 positive but BT negative and another 4 were BT positive but HC2 negative. There was good correlation (R(2) = 0.766; P<0.01) between the levels of CMV DNA and pp65 antigenemia in the 31 concordant positive samples. Correlation between results obtained with the two assays was confirmed by longitudinal studies for a patient who developed clinical CMV disease. HC2 may be more sensitive at low viremia levels and allow earlier detection of impending CMV disease. The BT assay offered the advantage of a rapid (2-h) turnaround time. We conclude that BT and HC2 assays have similar sensitivity and efficacy in the diagnosis and monitoring of CMV infection and disease in renal transplant recipients. While the HC2 assay would be appropriate for centers that handle a large number of samples, the BT test may be more suitable for small sample numbers or when results are needed urgently.

Multitasking-Pascal extensions solve concurrency problems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mackie, P.H.

1982-09-29

To avoid deadlock (one process waiting for a resource than another process can't release) and indefinite postponement (one process being continually denied a resource request) in a multitasking-system application, it is possible to use a high-level development language with built-in concurrency handlers. Parallel Pascal is one such language; it extends standard Pascal via special task synchronizers: a new data type called signal, new system procedures called wait and send and a Boolean function termed awaited. To understand the language's use the author examines the problems it helps solve.

HDM/PASCAL Verification System User's Manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hare, D.

1983-01-01

The HDM/Pascal verification system is a tool for proving the correctness of programs written in PASCAL and specified in the Hierarchical Development Methodology (HDM). This document assumes an understanding of PASCAL, HDM, program verification, and the STP system. The steps toward verification which this tool provides are parsing programs and specifications, checking the static semantics, and generating verification conditions. Some support functions are provided such as maintaining a data base, status management, and editing. The system runs under the TOPS-20 and TENEX operating systems and is written in INTERLISP. However, no knowledge is assumed of these operating systems or of INTERLISP. The system requires three executable files, HDMVCG, PARSE, and STP. Optionally, the editor EMACS should be on the system in order for the editor to work. The file HDMVCG is invoked to run the system. The files PARSE and STP are used as lower forks to perform the functions of parsing and proving.

SARA - SURE/ASSIST RELIABILITY ANALYSIS WORKSTATION (VAX VMS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, R. W.

1994-01-01

SARA, the SURE/ASSIST Reliability Analysis Workstation, is a bundle of programs used to solve reliability problems. The mathematical approach chosen to solve a reliability problem may vary with the size and nature of the problem. The Systems Validation Methods group at NASA Langley Research Center has created a set of four software packages that form the basis for a reliability analysis workstation, including three for use in analyzing reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems and one for analyzing non-reconfigurable systems. The SARA bundle includes the three for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems: SURE reliability analysis program (COSMIC program LAR-13789, LAR-14921); the ASSIST specification interface program (LAR-14193, LAR-14923), and PAWS/STEM reliability analysis programs (LAR-14165, LAR-14920). As indicated by the program numbers in parentheses, each of these three packages is also available separately in two machine versions. The fourth package, which is only available separately, is FTC, the Fault Tree Compiler (LAR-14586, LAR-14922). FTC is used to calculate the top-event probability for a fault tree which describes a non-reconfigurable system. PAWS/STEM and SURE are analysis programs which utilize different solution methods, but have a common input language, the SURE language. ASSIST is a preprocessor that generates SURE language from a more abstract definition. ASSIST, SURE, and PAWS/STEM are described briefly in the following paragraphs. For additional details about the individual packages, including pricing, please refer to their respective abstracts. ASSIST, the Abstract Semi-Markov Specification Interface to the SURE Tool program, allows a reliability engineer to describe the failure behavior of a fault-tolerant computer system in an abstract, high-level language. The ASSIST program then automatically generates a corresponding semi-Markov model. A one-page ASSIST-language description may result in a semi-Markov model with thousands of states and transitions. The ASSIST program also includes model-reduction techniques to facilitate efficient modeling of large systems. The semi-Markov model generated by ASSIST is in the format needed for input to SURE and PAWS/STEM. The Semi-Markov Unreliability Range Evaluator, SURE, is an analysis tool for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems. SURE provides an efficient means for calculating accurate upper and lower bounds for the death state probabilities for a large class of semi-Markov models, not just those which can be reduced to critical-pair architectures. The calculated bounds are close enough (usually within 5 percent of each other) for use in reliability studies of ultra-reliable computer systems. The SURE bounding theorems have algebraic solutions and are consequently computationally efficient even for large and complex systems. SURE can optionally regard a specified parameter as a variable over a range of values, enabling an automatic sensitivity analysis. SURE output is tabular. The PAWS/STEM package includes two programs for the creation and evaluation of pure Markov models describing the behavior of fault-tolerant reconfigurable computer systems: the Pade Approximation with Scaling (PAWS) and Scaled Taylor Exponential Matrix (STEM) programs. PAWS and STEM produce exact solutions for the probability of system failure and provide a conservative estimate of the number of significant digits in the solution. Markov models of fault-tolerant architectures inevitably lead to numerically stiff differential equations. Both PAWS and STEM have the capability to solve numerically stiff models. These complementary programs use separate methods to determine the matrix exponential in the solution of the model's system of differential equations. In general, PAWS is better suited to evaluate small and dense models. STEM operates at lower precision, but works faster than PAWS for larger models. The programs that comprise the SARA package were originally developed for use on DEC VAX series computers running VMS and were later ported for use on Sun series computers running SunOS. They are written in C-language, Pascal, and FORTRAN 77. An ANSI compliant C compiler is required in order to compile the C portion of the Sun version source code. The Pascal and FORTRAN code can be compiled on Sun computers using Sun Pascal and Sun Fortran. For the VMS version, VAX C, VAX PASCAL, and VAX FORTRAN can be used to recompile the source code. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of SARA (COS-10041) is a 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tape in VMSINSTAL format. It is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in VMSINSTAL format. Executables are included. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version of SARA (COS-10039) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Both Sun3 and Sun4 executables are included. Electronic copies of the ASSIST user's manual in TeX and PostScript formats are provided on the distribution medium. DEC, VAX, VMS, and TK50 are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Sun, Sun3, Sun4, and SunOS are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. TeX is a trademark of the American Mathematical Society. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

SARA - SURE/ASSIST RELIABILITY ANALYSIS WORKSTATION (UNIX VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, R. W.

1994-01-01

SARA, the SURE/ASSIST Reliability Analysis Workstation, is a bundle of programs used to solve reliability problems. The mathematical approach chosen to solve a reliability problem may vary with the size and nature of the problem. The Systems Validation Methods group at NASA Langley Research Center has created a set of four software packages that form the basis for a reliability analysis workstation, including three for use in analyzing reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems and one for analyzing non-reconfigurable systems. The SARA bundle includes the three for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems: SURE reliability analysis program (COSMIC program LAR-13789, LAR-14921); the ASSIST specification interface program (LAR-14193, LAR-14923), and PAWS/STEM reliability analysis programs (LAR-14165, LAR-14920). As indicated by the program numbers in parentheses, each of these three packages is also available separately in two machine versions. The fourth package, which is only available separately, is FTC, the Fault Tree Compiler (LAR-14586, LAR-14922). FTC is used to calculate the top-event probability for a fault tree which describes a non-reconfigurable system. PAWS/STEM and SURE are analysis programs which utilize different solution methods, but have a common input language, the SURE language. ASSIST is a preprocessor that generates SURE language from a more abstract definition. ASSIST, SURE, and PAWS/STEM are described briefly in the following paragraphs. For additional details about the individual packages, including pricing, please refer to their respective abstracts. ASSIST, the Abstract Semi-Markov Specification Interface to the SURE Tool program, allows a reliability engineer to describe the failure behavior of a fault-tolerant computer system in an abstract, high-level language. The ASSIST program then automatically generates a corresponding semi-Markov model. A one-page ASSIST-language description may result in a semi-Markov model with thousands of states and transitions. The ASSIST program also includes model-reduction techniques to facilitate efficient modeling of large systems. The semi-Markov model generated by ASSIST is in the format needed for input to SURE and PAWS/STEM. The Semi-Markov Unreliability Range Evaluator, SURE, is an analysis tool for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems. SURE provides an efficient means for calculating accurate upper and lower bounds for the death state probabilities for a large class of semi-Markov models, not just those which can be reduced to critical-pair architectures. The calculated bounds are close enough (usually within 5 percent of each other) for use in reliability studies of ultra-reliable computer systems. The SURE bounding theorems have algebraic solutions and are consequently computationally efficient even for large and complex systems. SURE can optionally regard a specified parameter as a variable over a range of values, enabling an automatic sensitivity analysis. SURE output is tabular. The PAWS/STEM package includes two programs for the creation and evaluation of pure Markov models describing the behavior of fault-tolerant reconfigurable computer systems: the Pade Approximation with Scaling (PAWS) and Scaled Taylor Exponential Matrix (STEM) programs. PAWS and STEM produce exact solutions for the probability of system failure and provide a conservative estimate of the number of significant digits in the solution. Markov models of fault-tolerant architectures inevitably lead to numerically stiff differential equations. Both PAWS and STEM have the capability to solve numerically stiff models. These complementary programs use separate methods to determine the matrix exponential in the solution of the model's system of differential equations. In general, PAWS is better suited to evaluate small and dense models. STEM operates at lower precision, but works faster than PAWS for larger models. The programs that comprise the SARA package were originally developed for use on DEC VAX series computers running VMS and were later ported for use on Sun series computers running SunOS. They are written in C-language, Pascal, and FORTRAN 77. An ANSI compliant C compiler is required in order to compile the C portion of the Sun version source code. The Pascal and FORTRAN code can be compiled on Sun computers using Sun Pascal and Sun Fortran. For the VMS version, VAX C, VAX PASCAL, and VAX FORTRAN can be used to recompile the source code. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of SARA (COS-10041) is a 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tape in VMSINSTAL format. It is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in VMSINSTAL format. Executables are included. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version of SARA (COS-10039) is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Both Sun3 and Sun4 executables are included. Electronic copies of the ASSIST user's manual in TeX and PostScript formats are provided on the distribution medium. DEC, VAX, VMS, and TK50 are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Sun, Sun3, Sun4, and SunOS are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. TeX is a trademark of the American Mathematical Society. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

Electric Boosting System for Light Truck/SUV Application

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arnold, Steve; Balis, Craig; Barthelet, Pierre

2005-06-22

Turbo diesel engine use in passenger cars in Europe has resulted in 30-50% improvement in fuel economy. Diesel engine application is particularly suitable for US because of vehicle size and duty cycle patterns. Adopting this technology for use in the US presents two issues--emissions and driveability. Emissions reduction technology is being well addressed with advanced turbocharging, fuel injection and catalytic aftertreatment systems. One way to address driveability is to eliminate turbo lag and increase low speed torque. Electrically assisted turbocharging concepts incorporated in e-TurboTM designs do both. The purpose of this project is to design and develop an electrically assistedmore » turbocharger, e-TurboTM, for diesel engine use in the US. In this report, early design and development of electrical assist technology is described together with issues and potential benefits. In this early phase a mathematical model was developed and verified. The model was used in a sensitivity study. The results of the sensitivity study together with the design and test of first generation hardware was fed into second generation designs. In order to fully realize the benefits of electrical assist technology it was necessary to expand the scope of work to include technology on the compressor side as well as electronic controls concepts. The results of the expanded scope of work are also reported here. In the first instance, designs and hardware were developed for a small engine to quantify and demonstrate benefits. The turbo size was such that it could be applied in a bi-turbo configuration to an SUV sized V engine. Mathematical simulation was used to quantify the possible benefits in an SUV application. It is shown that low speed torque can be increased to get the high performance expected in US, automatic transmission vehicles. It is also shown that e-TurboTM can be used to generate modest amounts of electrical power and supplement the alternator under most load-speed conditions. It is shown that a single (large) e-TurboTM consumes slightly less electrical power for the same steady state torque shaping than a bi-Turbo configuration. However, the transient response of a bi-Turbo configuration in slightly better. It was shown that in order to make full use of additional capabilities of e-TurboTM wide compressor flow range is required. Variable geometry compressor (VGC) technology developed under a separate project was evaluated for incorporation into e-TurboTM designs. It was shown that the combination of these two technologies enables very high torque at low engine speeds. Designs and hardware combining VGC and e-TurboTM are to be developed in a future project. There is concern about high power demands (even though momentary) of e-TurboTM. Reducing the inertia of the turbocharger can reduce power demand and increase battery life. Low inertia turbocharger technology called IBT developed under a separate project was evaluated for synergy with e-TurboTM designs. It was concluded that inertial reduction provided by IBT is very beneficial for e-TurboTM. Designs and hardware combining IBT and e-TurboTM are to be developed in a future project. e-TurboTM provides several additional flexibilities including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for emissions reduction with minimum fuel economy penalty and exhaust temperature control for aftertreatment. In integrated multi-parameter control system is needed to realize the full potential of e-TurboTM performance. Honeywell expertise in process control systems involving hundreds of sensors and actuators was applied to demonstrate the potential benefits of multi-parameter, model based control systems.« less

40 CFR 65.84 - Operating requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...-tight means that the pressure in a truck or railcar tank will not drop more than 750 pascals (0.11 pound per square inch) within 5 minutes after it is pressurized to a minimum of 4,500 pascals (0.65 pound...

Error control techniques for satellite and space communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1995-01-01

This report focuses on the results obtained during the PI's recent sabbatical leave at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Switzerland, from January 1, 1995 through June 30, 1995. Two projects investigated various properties of TURBO codes, a new form of concatenated coding that achieves near channel capacity performance at moderate bit error rates. The performance of TURBO codes is explained in terms of the code's distance spectrum. These results explain both the near capacity performance of the TURBO codes and the observed 'error floor' for moderate and high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR's). A semester project, entitled 'The Realization of the Turbo-Coding System,' involved a thorough simulation study of the performance of TURBO codes and verified the results claimed by previous authors. A copy of the final report for this project is included as Appendix A. A diploma project, entitled 'On the Free Distance of Turbo Codes and Related Product Codes,' includes an analysis of TURBO codes and an explanation for their remarkable performance. A copy of the final report for this project is included as Appendix B.

Development of a turbine-compressor for 10 kW class neon turbo-Brayton refrigerator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirai, Hirokazu; Hirokawa, Masaki; Yoshida, Shigeru; Sano, Tomonobu; Ozaki, Shinsuke

2014-01-01

We are developing 10 kW class turbo-Brayton refrigerator whose working fluid is neon gas. Its high pressure value is 1 MPa and its low pressure value is 0.5 MPa. The refrigerator consists of two turbine-compressors and a heat exchanger. The turbine-compressor has a turbo-expander on one side of its shaft and a turbo-compressor on the other side of the shaft. Two turbo-compressors are connected in series and two turbo-expanders are set in parallel. So, all amount of neon gas is compressed by two stages and each half a mount of neon gas is expanded by one stage. Two turbinecompressors are the same machines and development cost and time are minimized. In this stage, we made one prototype turbine-compressor and installed it in a performance test facility. This paper shows details of the turbine-compressor and refrigerator cooling power simulation results.

Operation of the HP2250 with the HP9000 series 200 using PASCAL 3.0

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Perry, John; Stroud, C. W.

1986-01-01

A computer program has been written to provide an interface between the HP Series 200 desktop computers, operating under HP Standard Pascal 3.0, and the HP2250 Data Acquisition and Control System. Pascal 3.0 for the HP9000 desktop computer gives a number of procedures for handling bus communication at various levels. It is necessary, however, to reach the lowest possible level in Pascal to handle the bus protocols required by the HP2250. This makes programming extremely complex since these protocols are not documented. The program described solves those problems and allows the user to immediately program, simply and efficiently, any measurement and control language (MCL/50) application with a few procedure calls. The complete set of procedures is available on a 5 1/4 inch diskette from Cosmic. Included in this group of procedures is an Exerciser which allows the user to exercise his HP2250 interactively. The exerciser operates in a fashion similar to the Series 200 operating system programs, but is adapted to the requirements of the HP2250. The programs on the diskette and the user's manual assume the user is acquainted with both the MCL/50 programming language and HP Standard Pascal 3.0 for the HP series 200 desktop computers.

Pascal's Triangle.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barton, Patricia Shea

2003-01-01

Notes that Montessori classrooms provide children with the opportunity to explore and discover mathematics. Describes the introduction to Pascal's Triangle as a suggested opportunity to connect young children to deep mathematical truths. Provides teachers with materials requirements, and notes ideas on what can be acquired from the problem, the…

Changes in Macular Retinal Layers and Peripapillary Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness after 577-nm Pattern Scanning Laser in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

PubMed Central

Shin, Ji Soo

2017-01-01

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in thickness of each macular retinal layer, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and central macular thickness (CMT) after 577-nm pattern scanning laser (PASCAL) photocoagulation in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Methods This retrospective study included 33 eyes with diabetic retinopathy that underwent 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation. Each retinal layer thickness, peripapillary RNFL thickness, and CMT were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography before 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, as well as at 1, 6, and 12 months after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation. Computerized intraretinal segmentation of optical coherence tomography was performed to identify the thickness of each retinal layer. Results The average thickness of the RNFL, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, inner retinal layer, and CMT at each follow-up increased significantly from baseline (p < 0.001), whereas that of the retinal pigment epithelium at each follow-up decreased significantly from baseline (p < 0.001). The average thickness of the peripapillary RNFL increased significantly at one month (p < 0.001). This thickness subsequently recovered to 7.48 µm, and there were no significant changes at six or 12 months compared to baseline (p > 0.05). Conclusions Each macular retinal layer and CMT had a tendency to increase for one year after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, whereas the average thickness of retinal pigment epithelium decreased at one-year follow-up compared to the baseline. Although an increase in peripapillary RNFL thickness was observed one month after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, there were no significant changes at the one-year follow-up compared to the baseline. PMID:29022292

Changes in Macular Retinal Layers and Peripapillary Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness after 577-nm Pattern Scanning Laser in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy.

PubMed

Shin, Ji Soo; Lee, Young Hoon

2017-12-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in thickness of each macular retinal layer, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and central macular thickness (CMT) after 577-nm pattern scanning laser (PASCAL) photocoagulation in patients with diabetic retinopathy. This retrospective study included 33 eyes with diabetic retinopathy that underwent 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation. Each retinal layer thickness, peripapillary RNFL thickness, and CMT were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography before 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, as well as at 1, 6, and 12 months after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation. Computerized intraretinal segmentation of optical coherence tomography was performed to identify the thickness of each retinal layer. The average thickness of the RNFL, ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer, inner retinal layer, and CMT at each follow-up increased significantly from baseline (p < 0.001), whereas that of the retinal pigment epithelium at each follow-up decreased significantly from baseline (p < 0.001). The average thickness of the peripapillary RNFL increased significantly at one month (p < 0.001). This thickness subsequently recovered to 7.48 μm, and there were no significant changes at six or 12 months compared to baseline (p > 0.05). Each macular retinal layer and CMT had a tendency to increase for one year after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, whereas the average thickness of retinal pigment epithelium decreased at one-year follow-up compared to the baseline. Although an increase in peripapillary RNFL thickness was observed one month after 577-nm PASCAL photocoagulation, there were no significant changes at the one-year follow-up compared to the baseline. © 2017 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

Turbo-generator control with variable valve actuation

DOEpatents

Vuk, Carl T [Denver, IA

2011-02-22

An internal combustion engine incorporating a turbo-generator and one or more variably activated exhaust valves. The exhaust valves are adapted to variably release exhaust gases from a combustion cylinder during a combustion cycle to an exhaust system. The turbo-generator is adapted to receive exhaust gases from the exhaust system and rotationally harness energy therefrom to produce electrical power. A controller is adapted to command the exhaust valve to variably open in response to a desired output for the turbo-generator.

Cardinal and anti-cardinal points, equalities and chromatic dependence.

PubMed

Evans, Tanya; Harris, William F

2017-05-01

Cardinal points are used for ray tracing through Gaussian systems. Anti-principal and anti-nodal points (which we shall refer to as the anti-cardinal points), along with the six familiar cardinal points, belong to a much larger set of special points. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a set of relationships and resulting equalities among the cardinal and anti-cardinal points and to illustrate them using Pascal's ring. The methodology used relies on Gaussian optics and the transference T. We make use of two equations, obtained via the transference, which give the locations of the six cardinal and four anti-cardinal points with respect to the system. We obtain equalities among the cardinal and anti-cardinal points. We utilise Pascal's ring to illustrate which points depend on frequency and their displacement with change in frequency. Pascal described a memory schema in the shape of a hexagon for remembering equalities among the points and illustrating shifts in these points when an aspect of the system changes. We modify and extend Pascal's ring to include the anti-cardinal points. We make use of Pascal's ring extended to illustrate which points are dependent on the frequency of light and the direction of shift of the equalities with change in frequency. For the reduced eye the principal and nodal points are independent of frequency, but the focal points and the anti-cardinal points depend on frequency. For Le Grand's four-surface model eye all six cardinal and four anti-cardinal points depend on frequency. This has implications for definitions, particularly of chromatic aberrations of the eye, that make use of cardinal points and that themselves depend on frequency. Pascal's ring and Pascal's ring extended are novel memory schema for remembering the equalities among the cardinal and anti-cardinal points. The rings are useful for illustrating changes among the equalities and direction of shift of points when an aspect of a system changes. Care should be taken when defining concepts that rely on cardinal points that depend on frequency. © 2017 The Authors Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics © 2017 The College of Optometrists.

Investigation of Near Shannon Limit Coding Schemes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kwatra, S. C.; Kim, J.; Mo, Fan

1999-01-01

Turbo codes can deliver performance that is very close to the Shannon limit. This report investigates algorithms for convolutional turbo codes and block turbo codes. Both coding schemes can achieve performance near Shannon limit. The performance of the schemes is obtained using computer simulations. There are three sections in this report. First section is the introduction. The fundamental knowledge about coding, block coding and convolutional coding is discussed. In the second section, the basic concepts of convolutional turbo codes are introduced and the performance of turbo codes, especially high rate turbo codes, is provided from the simulation results. After introducing all the parameters that help turbo codes achieve such a good performance, it is concluded that output weight distribution should be the main consideration in designing turbo codes. Based on the output weight distribution, the performance bounds for turbo codes are given. Then, the relationships between the output weight distribution and the factors like generator polynomial, interleaver and puncturing pattern are examined. The criterion for the best selection of system components is provided. The puncturing pattern algorithm is discussed in detail. Different puncturing patterns are compared for each high rate. For most of the high rate codes, the puncturing pattern does not show any significant effect on the code performance if pseudo - random interleaver is used in the system. For some special rate codes with poor performance, an alternative puncturing algorithm is designed which restores their performance close to the Shannon limit. Finally, in section three, for iterative decoding of block codes, the method of building trellis for block codes, the structure of the iterative decoding system and the calculation of extrinsic values are discussed.

Constance Pascal's Chagrins d'amour et psychoses (1935): a French psychiatrist's views on psychoanalysis.

PubMed

Gordon, Felicia

2015-03-01

In 1935 Constance Pascal (1877-1937), France's first woman psychiatrist, published Chagrins d'amour et psychoses (The Sorrows of Love and Psychosis). My analysis of her monograph will consider: her major article leading up to Chagrins; Pascal's debts to her predecessors, particularly Morel and Kretschmer; her relationship to the French psychoanalytic movement; her co-option of psychoanalysis as a tool in her own therapeutic work with patients in the state psychiatric system; and her social/cultural interpretations of her woman patients. The literary and philosophic aspects of her work are emphasized as well as her contribution to French psychiatry. © The Author(s) 2014.

14 CFR 25.1127 - Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... and for cooling turbine parts where temperatures are critical. (c) If the normal turbo-supercharger... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers. 25.1127 Section 25.1127 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

14 CFR 25.1127 - Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... and for cooling turbine parts where temperatures are critical. (c) If the normal turbo-supercharger... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers. 25.1127 Section 25.1127 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION...

An Interactive Concatenated Turbo Coding System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Liu, Ye; Tang, Heng; Lin, Shu; Fossorier, Marc

1999-01-01

This paper presents a concatenated turbo coding system in which a Reed-Solomon outer code is concatenated with a binary turbo inner code. In the proposed system, the outer code decoder and the inner turbo code decoder interact to achieve both good bit error and frame error performances. The outer code decoder helps the inner turbo code decoder to terminate its decoding iteration while the inner turbo code decoder provides soft-output information to the outer code decoder to carry out a reliability-based soft- decision decoding. In the case that the outer code decoding fails, the outer code decoder instructs the inner code decoder to continue its decoding iterations until the outer code decoding is successful or a preset maximum number of decoding iterations is reached. This interaction between outer and inner code decoders reduces decoding delay. Also presented in the paper are an effective criterion for stopping the iteration process of the inner code decoder and a new reliability-based decoding algorithm for nonbinary codes.

Some Half-Row Sums from Pascal's Triangle via Laplace Transforms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dence, Thomas P.

2007-01-01

This article presents some identities on the sum of the entries in the first half of a row in Pascal's triangle. The results were discovered while the author was working on a problem involving Laplace transforms, which are used in proving of the identities.

ARCGRAPH SYSTEM - AMES RESEARCH GRAPHICS SYSTEM

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hibbard, E. A.

1994-01-01

Ames Research Graphics System, ARCGRAPH, is a collection of libraries and utilities which assist researchers in generating, manipulating, and visualizing graphical data. In addition, ARCGRAPH defines a metafile format that contains device independent graphical data. This file format is used with various computer graphics manipulation and animation packages at Ames, including SURF (COSMIC Program ARC-12381) and GAS (COSMIC Program ARC-12379). In its full configuration, the ARCGRAPH system consists of a two stage pipeline which may be used to output graphical primitives. Stage one is associated with the graphical primitives (i.e. moves, draws, color, etc.) along with the creation and manipulation of the metafiles. Five distinct data filters make up stage one. They are: 1) PLO which handles all 2D vector primitives, 2) POL which handles all 3D polygonal primitives, 3) RAS which handles all 2D raster primitives, 4) VEC which handles all 3D raster primitives, and 5) PO2 which handles all 2D polygonal primitives. Stage two is associated with the process of displaying graphical primitives on a device. To generate the various graphical primitives, create and reprocess ARCGRAPH metafiles, and access the device drivers in the VDI (Video Device Interface) library, users link their applications to ARCGRAPH's GRAFIX library routines. Both FORTRAN and C language versions of the GRAFIX and VDI libraries exist for enhanced portability within these respective programming environments. The ARCGRAPH libraries were developed on a VAX running VMS. Minor documented modification of various routines, however, allows the system to run on the following computers: Cray X-MP running COS (no C version); Cray 2 running UNICOS; DEC VAX running BSD 4.3 UNIX, or Ultrix; SGI IRIS Turbo running GL2-W3.5 and GL2-W3.6; Convex C1 running UNIX; Amhdahl 5840 running UTS; Alliant FX8 running UNIX; Sun 3/160 running UNIX (no native device driver); Stellar GS1000 running Stellex (no native device driver); and an SGI IRIS 4D running IRIX (no native device driver). Currently with version 7.0 of ARCGRAPH, the VDI library supports the following output devices: A VT100 terminal with a RETRO-GRAPHICS board installed, a VT240 using the Tektronix 4010 emulation capability, an SGI IRIS turbo using the native GL2 library, a Tektronix 4010, a Tektronix 4105, and the Tektronix 4014. ARCGRAPH version 7.0 was developed in 1988.

Multithreaded transactions in scientific computing. The Growth06_v2 program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Daniluk, Andrzej

2009-07-01

Writing a concurrent program can be more difficult than writing a sequential program. Programmer needs to think about synchronization, race conditions and shared variables. Transactions help reduce the inconvenience of using threads. A transaction is an abstraction, which allows programmers to group a sequence of actions on the program into a logical, higher-level computation unit. This paper presents a new version of the GROWTHGr and GROWTH06 programs. New version program summaryProgram title: GROWTH06_v2 Catalogue identifier: ADVL_v2_1 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADVL_v2_1.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 65 255 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 865 985 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Object Pascal Computer: Pentium-based PC Operating system: Windows 9x, XP, NT, Vista RAM: more than 1 MB Classification: 4.3, 7.2, 6.2, 8, 14 Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADVL_v2_0 Journal reference of previous version: Comput. Phys. Comm. 175 (2006) 678 Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes Nature of problem: The programs compute the RHEED intensities during the growth of thin epitaxial structures prepared using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The computations are based on the use of kinematical diffraction theory. Solution method: Epitaxial growth of thin films is modelled by a set of non-linear differential equations [1]. The Runge-Kutta method with adaptive stepsize control was used for solving initial value problem for non-linear differential equations [2]. Reasons for new version: According to the users' suggestions functionality of the program has been improved. Moreover, new use cases have been added which make the handling of the program easier and more efficient than the previous ones [3]. Summary of revisions:The design pattern (See Fig. 2 of Ref. [3]) has been modified according to the scheme shown on Fig. 1. A graphical user interface (GUI) for the program has been reconstructed. Fig. 2 presents a hybrid diagram of a GUI that shows how onscreen objects connect to use cases. The program has been compiled with English/USA regional and language options. Note: The figures mentioned above are contained in the program distribution file. Unusual features: The program is distributed in the form of source project GROWTH06_v2.dpr with associated files, and should be compiled using Borland Delphi compilers versions 6 or latter (including Borland Developer Studio 2006 and Code Gear compilers for Delphi). Additional comments: Two figures are included in the program distribution file. These are captioned Static classes model for Transaction design pattern. A model of a window that shows how onscreen objects connect to use cases. Running time: The typical running time is machine and user-parameters dependent. References: [1] A. Daniluk, Comput. Phys. Comm. 170 (2005) 265. [2] W.H. Press, B.P. Flannery, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in Pascal: The Art of Scientific Computing, first ed., Cambridge University Press, 1989. [3] M. Brzuszek, A. Daniluk, Comput. Phys. Comm. 175 (2006) 678.

Stability Analysis of Finite Difference Approximations to Hyperbolic Systems, and Problems in Applied and Computational Matrix Theory

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-07-08

Marcus and C. Baczynski), Computer Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 3. An Introduction to Pascal and Precalculus , Computer Science Press...Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 35. An Introduction to Pascal and Precalculus , Computer Science Press, Rockville, Maryland, 1986. 36

Beyond Pascal's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minor, Darrell P.

2005-01-01

In "Beyond Pascals Triangle" the author demonstrates ways of using "Pascallike" triangles to expand polynomials raised to powers in a fairly quick and easy fashion. The recursive method could easily be implemented within a spreadsheet, or simply by using paper and pencil. An explanation of why the method works follows the several examples that are…

14 CFR 121.643 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations. 121.643 Section 121.643 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes... flight or takeoff a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless, considering the wind and other...

14 CFR 121.643 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations. 121.643 Section 121.643 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes... flight or takeoff a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless, considering the wind and other...

14 CFR 121.643 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations. 121.643 Section 121.643 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes... flight or takeoff a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless, considering the wind and other...

Sub-scale Waterflow Cavitation and Dynamic Transfer Function Testing of an Oxidizer Turbo-Pump Combined Inducer and Impeller

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karon, D. M.; Patel, S. K.; Zoladz, T. F.

2016-01-01

In 2009 and 2010, Concepts NREC prepared for and performed a series of tests on a 52% scale of a version of the Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne J-2X Oxidizer Turbopump under a Phase III SBIR with NASA MSFC. The test article was a combined inducer and impeller, tested as a unit. This paper presents an overview of the test rig and facility, instrumentation, signal conditioning, data acquisition systems, testing approach, measurement developments, and lessons learned. Results from these tests were presented in the form of two papers at the previous JANNAF joint propulsion conference, in December of 2011.

14 CFR 121.641 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Flag operations. 121.641 Section 121.641 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations. (a) No person may dispatch or take off a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless...

14 CFR 121.641 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Flag operations. 121.641 Section 121.641 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations. (a) No person may dispatch or take off a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless...

14 CFR 121.641 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

...-powered airplanes: Flag operations. 121.641 Section 121.641 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations. (a) No person may dispatch or take off a nonturbine or turbo-propeller-powered airplane unless...

14 CFR 121.641 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations. 121.641 Section 121.641 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag...

14 CFR 121.641 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag operations. 121.641 Section 121.641 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.641 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Flag...

14 CFR 121.643 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations. 121.643 Section 121.643 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes...

14 CFR 121.643 - Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes: Supplemental operations. 121.643 Section 121.643 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION... Flight Release Rules § 121.643 Fuel supply: Nonturbine and turbo-propeller-powered airplanes...

Energy Distributions in Small Populations: Pascal versus Boltzmann

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kugel, Roger W.; Weiner, Paul A.

2010-01-01

The theoretical distributions of a limited amount of energy among small numbers of particles with discrete, evenly-spaced quantum levels are examined systematically. The average populations of energy states reveal the pattern of Pascal's triangle. An exact formula for the probability that a particle will be in any given energy state is derived.…

Pico-coulomb charge measured at BELLA to percent-level precision using a Turbo-ICT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakamura, K.; Mittelberger, D. E.; Gonsalves, A. J.; Daniels, J.; Mao, H.-S.; Stulle, F.; Bergoz, J.; Leemans, W. P.

2016-03-01

Precise diagnostics of picocoulomb level particle bunches produced by laser plasma accelerators (LPAs) can be a significant challenge. Without proper care, the small signals associated with such bunches can be dominated by a background generated by laser, target, laser-plasma interaction and particle induced radiation. In this paper, we report on first charge measurements using the newly developed Turbo-ICT for LPAs. We outline the Turbo-ICT working principle, which allows precise sub-picocoulomb measurements even in the presence of significant background signals. A comparison of the Turbo-ICT, a conventional integrating current transformer (ICT) and a scintillating screen (Lanex) was carried out at the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator. Results show that the Turbo-ICT can measure sub-picocoulomb charge accurately and has significantly improved noise immunity compared to the ICT.

Design and Development of a 200-kW Turbo-Electric Distributed Propulsion Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Papathakis, Kurt V.

2017-01-01

There a few NASA funded electric and hybrid electric projects from different NASA Centers, including the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center (AFRC) (Edwards, California). Each project identifies a specific technology gap that is currently inhibiting the growth and proliferation of relevant technologies in commercial aviation. This paper describes the design and development of a turbo-electric distributed propulsion (TeDP) hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation bench, which is a test bed for discovering turbo-electric control, distributed electric control, power management control, and integration competencies while providing risk mitigation for future turbo-electric flying demonstrators.

Application of TURBO-AE to Flutter Prediction: Aeroelastic Code Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoyniak, Daniel; Simons, Todd A.; Stefko, George (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

The TURBO-AE program has been evaluated by comparing the obtained results to cascade rig data and to prediction made from various in-house programs. A high-speed fan cascade, a turbine cascade, a turbine cascade and a fan geometry that shower flutter in torsion mode were analyzed. The steady predictions for the high-speed fan cascade showed the TURBO-AE predictions to match in-house codes. However, the predictions did not match the measured blade surface data. Other researchers also reported similar disagreement with these data set. Unsteady runs for the fan configuration were not successful using TURBO-AE .

Turbo FRMAC 2011

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fulton, John; Gallagher, Linda K.; Whitener, Dustin

The Turbo FRMAC (TF) software automates the calculations described in volumes 1-3 of "The Federal Manual for Assessing Environmental Data During a Radiological Emergency" (2010 version). This software automates the process of assessing radiological data during a Federal Radiological Emergency. The manual upon which the software is based is unclassified and freely available on the Internet. TF takes values generated by field samples or computer dispersion models and assesses the data in a way which is meaningful to a decision maker at a radiological emergency; such as, do radiation values exceed city, state, or federal limits; should the crops bemore » destroyed or can they be utilized; do residents need to be evacuated, sheltered in place, or should another action taken. The software also uses formulas generated by the EPA, FDA, and other federal agencies to generate field observable values specific to the radiological event that can be used to determine where regulatory limit values are exceeded. In addition to these calculations, TF calculates values which indicate how long an emergency worker can work in the contaminated area during a radiological emergency, the dose received from drinking contaminated water or milk, the dose from eating contaminated food, the does expected down or upwind of a given field sample, along with a significant number of other similar radiological health values.« less

On the design of turbo codes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Divsalar, D.; Pollara, F.

1995-01-01

In this article, we design new turbo codes that can achieve near-Shannon-limit performance. The design criterion for random interleavers is based on maximizing the effective free distance of the turbo code, i.e., the minimum output weight of codewords due to weight-2 input sequences. An upper bound on the effective free distance of a turbo code is derived. This upper bound can be achieved if the feedback connection of convolutional codes uses primitive polynomials. We review multiple turbo codes (parallel concatenation of q convolutional codes), which increase the so-called 'interleaving gain' as q and the interleaver size increase, and a suitable decoder structure derived from an approximation to the maximum a posteriori probability decision rule. We develop new rate 1/3, 2/3, 3/4, and 4/5 constituent codes to be used in the turbo encoder structure. These codes, for from 2 to 32 states, are designed by using primitive polynomials. The resulting turbo codes have rates b/n (b = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), and include random interleavers for better asymptotic performance. These codes are suitable for deep-space communications with low throughput and for near-Earth communications where high throughput is desirable. The performance of these codes is within 1 dB of the Shannon limit at a bit-error rate of 10(exp -6) for throughputs from 1/15 up to 4 bits/s/Hz.

Optimal operation of turbo blowers serially connected using inlet vanes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jang, Choon-Man

2011-03-01

Optimal operation of the turbo blowers having an inlet vane has been studied to understand the blowers' operating performance. To analyze three-dimensional flow field in the turbo blowers serially connected, general analysis code, CFX, is introduced in the present work. SST turbulence model is employed to estimate the eddy viscosity. Throughout the numerical analysis, it is found that the flow rates of the turbo blowers can be controlled at the vane angle between 90 (full open condition) degrees and 60 degrees effectively, because pressure loss rapidly increases below 60 degree of a vane angle. Efficiency also has almost the same values from 90 degrees to 60 degrees of a vane angle. It is noted that the distorted inlet velocity generated in the small vane angle makes performance deterioration of the turbo blowers due to the local leading edge separation and the following non-uniform blade loading.

Initial Investigation of a Novel Thermal Storage Concept as Part of a Renewable Energy System

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

stress (pascal) z-component of shear stress (pascal) Fslip constant Esl ip constant surface tension gradient (n/m-k) specularity coefficient...Axis x-component of ¥-Component of z- component of x -component of v-component of z-component of Fs l ip constant Esl i p constant Rotation

Effects of Pascal and FORTRAN Programming on the Problem-Solving Abilities of College Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choi, Won Sik; Repman, Judi

1993-01-01

Describes a study that was conducted to determine whether learning to program a computer in Pascal or FORTRAN improved problem-solving skills of college students when compared to a control group and to determine which programing language was more effective in the development of problem-solving abilities. (26 references) (LRW)

Students' Perspective on the First Programming Language: C-Like or Pascal-Like Languages?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xinogalos, Stelios; Pitner, Tomáš; Ivanovic, Mirjana; Savic, Miloš

2018-01-01

The choice of the first programming language (FPL) has been a controversial issue for several decades. Nearly everyone agrees that the FPL is important and affects students' subsequent education on programming. The study presented in this article investigates the suitability of various C-like and Pascal-like programming languages as a FPL.…

Pascal's wager: combining continuous glucose monitoring and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.

PubMed

Kerr, David; Olateju, Tolu

2010-06-01

Pascal's Wager is a suggestion posed by the French Philosopher, Blaise Pascal, that even though the existence of God cannot be determined through reason, a person should wager that God exists because he or she has everything to gain and nothing to lose. In the area of consideration here, the optimum experimental trial of the combined use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and real-time continuous glucose monitoring in free-living individuals with type 1 diabetes providing rock-solid evidence of clinical benefit has not been performed. Nevertheless, there is considerable enthusiasm for combining the technologies among healthcare professionals, patients, and manufacturers based on the belief that this approach to diabetes care must be beneficial beyond the available evidence (i.e., reason).

Implementation of control point form of algebraic grid-generation technique

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choo, Yung K.; Miller, David P.; Reno, Charles J.

1991-01-01

The control point form (CPF) provides explicit control of physical grid shape and grid spacing through the movement of the control points. The control point array, called a control net, is a space grid type arrangement of locations in physical space with an index for each direction. As an algebraic method CPF is efficient and works well with interactive computer graphics. A family of menu-driven, interactive grid-generation computer codes (TURBO) is being developed by using CPF. Key features of TurboI (a TURBO member) are discussed and typical results are presented. TurboI runs on any IRIS 4D series workstation.

TurboBrayton Cryocooler: A Flight Worthy and Promising Future

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gibbon, Judith A.; Swift, Walt L.; Zagarola, Mark V.; DiPirro, Mike; Whitehouse, Paul

1999-01-01

A new development in cryocooler technology, a reverse TurboBrayton cycle cryocooler, developed by Creare, Inc. of Hanover, NH, has now been flight tested. This cooler provides high reliability and long life. With no linear moving components common in current flight cryocoolers, the TurboBrayton cooler requires no active control systems to provide a vibration-free signature. The cooler provides first stage cooling for advanced cryogenic systems and serves as a direct replacement for stored cryogen systems with a longer lifetime. Following a successful flight on STS-95, a TurboBrayton cryocooler will be flown on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 2000 to provide renewed refrigeration capability for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). The TurboBrayton cycle cooler is a promising technology already being considered for additional flight programs such as Next Generation Space Telescope (NGST) and Constellation X. These future missions require an advanced generation of the cooler that is currently under development to provide cooling at 10K and less. This paper presents an overview of the current generation cooler with recent flight test results and details the current plans and development progress on the next generation TurboBrayton technology for future missions.

An Implementation in Pascal: Translation of Prolog into Pascal.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-06-01

for i:=1 to px do begin ifr (proc .i..relativity=O) then continue; if proc .. ) .ptype=6) hen continue;if (proc (...abegin<>O) then continue; passname...forj:=reitorn do if (j0) then continue; if (par (.>) ppe <>1) then continue; if (par .. .namie<>par(.i.).name) parle nO ype:par C.’ ntype; par Inblnd

Transfer Function of Multi-Stage Active Filters: A Solution Based on Pascal's Triangle and a General Expression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levesque, Luc

2012-01-01

A method is proposed to simplify analytical computations of the transfer function for electrical circuit filters, which are made from repetitive identical stages. A method based on the construction of Pascal's triangle is introduced and then a general solution from two initial conditions is provided for the repetitive identical stage. The present…

Techniques for blade tip clearance measurements with capacitive probes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steiner, Alexander

2000-07-01

This article presents a proven but advantageous concept for blade tip clearance evaluation in turbomachinery. The system is based on heavy duty probes and a high frequency (HF) and amplifying electronic unit followed by a signal processing unit. Measurements are taken under high temperature and other severe conditions such as ionization. Every single blade can be observed. The signals are digitally filtered and linearized in real time. The electronic set-up is highly integrated. Miniaturized versions of the electronic units exist. The small and robust units can be used in turbo engines in flight. With several probes at different angles in one radial plane further information is available. Shaft eccentricity or blade oscillations can be calculated.

Optimization design of turbo-expander gas bearing for a 500W helium refrigerator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, S. S.; Fu, B.; Y Zhang, Q.

2017-12-01

Turbo-expander is the core machinery of the helium refrigerator. Bearing as the supporting element is the core technology to impact the design of turbo-expander. The perfect design and performance study for the gas bearing are essential to ensure the stability of turbo-expander. In this paper, numerical simulation is used to analyze the performance of gas bearing for a 500W helium refrigerator turbine, and the optimization design of the gas bearing has been completed. And the results of the gas bearing optimization have a guiding role in the processing technology. Finally, the turbine experiments verify that the gas bearing has good performance, and ensure the stable operation of the turbine.

Neon turbo-Brayton cycle refrigerator for HTS power machines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hirai, Hirokazu; Hirokawa, M.; Yoshida, Shigeru; Nara, N.; Ozaki, S.; Hayashi, H.; Okamoto, H.; Shiohara, Y.

2012-06-01

We developed a prototype turbo-Brayton refrigerator whose working fluid is neon gas. The refrigerator is designed for a HTS (High Temperature Superconducting) power transformer and its cooling power is more than 2 kW at 65 K. The refrigerator has a turboexpander and a turbo-compressor, which utilize magnetic bearings. These rotational machines have no rubbing parts and no oil-components. Those make a long maintenance interval of the refrigerator. The refrigerator is very compact because our newly developed turbo-compressor is volumetrically smaller than a displacement type compressor in same operating specification. Another feature of the refrigerator is a wide range operation capability for various heat-loads. Cooling power is controlled by the input-power of the turbo-compressor instead of the conventional method of using an electric heater. The rotational speed of the compressor motor is adjusted by an inverter. This system is expected to be more efficient. We show design details, specification and cooling test results of the new refrigerator in this paper.

Two high-density recording methods with run-length limited turbo code for holographic data storage system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakamura, Yusuke; Hoshizawa, Taku

2016-09-01

Two methods for increasing the data capacity of a holographic data storage system (HDSS) were developed. The first method is called “run-length-limited (RLL) high-density recording”. An RLL modulation has the same effect as enlarging the pixel pitch; namely, it optically reduces the hologram size. Accordingly, the method doubles the raw-data recording density. The second method is called “RLL turbo signal processing”. The RLL turbo code consists of \\text{RLL}(1,∞ ) trellis modulation and an optimized convolutional code. The remarkable point of the developed turbo code is that it employs the RLL modulator and demodulator as parts of the error-correction process. The turbo code improves the capability of error correction more than a conventional LDPC code, even though interpixel interference is generated. These two methods will increase the data density 1.78-fold. Moreover, by simulation and experiment, a data density of 2.4 Tbit/in.2 is confirmed.

Error Control Coding Techniques for Space and Satellite Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lin, Shu

2000-01-01

This paper presents a concatenated turbo coding system in which a Reed-Solomom outer code is concatenated with a binary turbo inner code. In the proposed system, the outer code decoder and the inner turbo code decoder interact to achieve both good bit error and frame error performances. The outer code decoder helps the inner turbo code decoder to terminate its decoding iteration while the inner turbo code decoder provides soft-output information to the outer code decoder to carry out a reliability-based soft-decision decoding. In the case that the outer code decoding fails, the outer code decoder instructs the inner code decoder to continue its decoding iterations until the outer code decoding is successful or a preset maximum number of decoding iterations is reached. This interaction between outer and inner code decoders reduces decoding delay. Also presented in the paper are an effective criterion for stopping the iteration process of the inner code decoder and a new reliability-based decoding algorithm for nonbinary codes.

Measurement and control system for cryogenic helium gas bearing turbo-expander experimental platform based on Siemens PLC S7-300

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, J.; Xiong, L. Y.; Peng, N.; Dong, B.; Wang, P.; Liu, L. Q.

2014-01-01

An experimental platform for cryogenic Helium gas bearing turbo-expanders is established at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This turbo-expander experimental platform is designed for performance testing and experimental research on Helium turbo-expanders with different sizes from the liquid hydrogen temperature to the room temperature region. A measurement and control system based on Siemens PLC S7-300 for this turbo-expander experimental platform is developed. Proper sensors are selected to measure such parameters as temperature, pressure, rotation speed and air flow rate. All the collected data to be processed are transformed and transmitted to S7-300 CPU. Siemens S7-300 series PLC CPU315-2PN/DP is as master station and two sets of ET200M DP remote expand I/O is as slave station. Profibus-DP field communication is established between master station and slave stations. The upper computer Human Machine Interface (HMI) is compiled using Siemens configuration software WinCC V6.2. The upper computer communicates with PLC by means of industrial Ethernet. Centralized monitoring and distributed control is achieved. Experimental results show that this measurement and control system has fulfilled the test requirement for the turbo-expander experimental platform.

Measurement and control system for cryogenic helium gas bearing turbo-expander experimental platform based on Siemens PLC S7-300

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, J.; Xiong, L. Y.; Peng, N.

2014-01-29

An experimental platform for cryogenic Helium gas bearing turbo-expanders is established at the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This turbo-expander experimental platform is designed for performance testing and experimental research on Helium turbo-expanders with different sizes from the liquid hydrogen temperature to the room temperature region. A measurement and control system based on Siemens PLC S7-300 for this turbo-expander experimental platform is developed. Proper sensors are selected to measure such parameters as temperature, pressure, rotation speed and air flow rate. All the collected data to be processed are transformed and transmitted to S7-300 CPU. Siemensmore » S7-300 series PLC CPU315-2PN/DP is as master station and two sets of ET200M DP remote expand I/O is as slave station. Profibus-DP field communication is established between master station and slave stations. The upper computer Human Machine Interface (HMI) is compiled using Siemens configuration software WinCC V6.2. The upper computer communicates with PLC by means of industrial Ethernet. Centralized monitoring and distributed control is achieved. Experimental results show that this measurement and control system has fulfilled the test requirement for the turbo-expander experimental platform.« less

Evaluation of diffusivity in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland: 3D turbo field echo with diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation.

PubMed

Hiwatashi, A; Yoshiura, T; Togao, O; Yamashita, K; Kikuchi, K; Kobayashi, K; Ohga, M; Sonoda, S; Honda, H; Obara, M

2014-01-01

3D turbo field echo with diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation is a non-echo-planar technique for DWI, which enables high-resolution DWI without field inhomogeneity-related image distortion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo in evaluating diffusivity in the normal pituitary gland. First, validation of diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo was attempted by comparing it with echo-planar DWI. Five healthy volunteers were imaged by using diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo and echo-planar DWI. The imaging voxel size was 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm(3) for diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo and 1.5 × 1.9 × 3.0 mm(3) for echo-planar DWI. ADCs measured by the 2 methods in 15 regions of interests (6 in gray matter and 9 in white matter) were compared by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The ADC in the pituitary anterior lobe was then measured in 10 volunteers by using diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo, and the results were compared with those in the pons and vermis by using a paired t test. The ADCs from the 2 methods showed a strong correlation (r = 0.79; P < .0001), confirming the accuracy of the ADC measurement with the diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium sequence. The ADCs in the normal pituitary gland were 1.37 ± 0.13 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, which were significantly higher than those in the pons (1.01 ± 0.24 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s) and the vermis (0.89 ± 0.25 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, P < .01). We demonstrated that diffusion-sensitized driven-equilibrium turbo field echo is feasible in assessing ADC in the pituitary gland.

Evaluation of safety effect of turbo-roundabout lane dividers using floating car data and video observation.

PubMed

Kieć, Mariusz; Ambros, Jiří; Bąk, Radosław; Gogolín, Ondřej

2018-06-01

Roundabouts are one of the safest types of intersections. However, the needs to meet the requirements of operation, capacity, traffic organization and surrounding development lead to a variety of design solutions. One of such alternatives are turbo-roundabouts, which simplify drivers' decision making, limit lane changing in the roundabout, and induce low driving speed thanks to raised lane dividers. However, in spite of their generally positive reception, the safety impact of turbo-roundabouts has not been sufficiently studied. Given the low number of existing turbo-roundabouts and the statistical rarity of accident occurrence, the prevalent previously conducted studies applied only simple before-after designs or relied on traffic conflicts in micro-simulations. Nevertheless, the presence of raised lane dividers is acknowledged as an important feature of well performing and safe turbo-roundabouts. Following the previous Polish studies, the primary objective of the present study was assessment of influence of presence of lane dividers on road safety and developing a reliable and valid surrogate safety measure based on field data, which will circumvent the limitations of accident data or micro-simulations. The secondary objective was using the developed surrogate safety measure to assess and compare the safety levels of Polish turbo-roundabout samples with and without raised lane dividers. The surrogate safety measure was based on speed and lane behaviour. Speed was obtained from video observations and floating car data, which enabled the construction of representative speed profiles. Lane behaviour data was gathered from video observations. The collection of the data allowed for a relative validation of the method by comparing the safety performance of turbo-roundabouts with and without raised lane dividers. In the end, the surrogate measure was applied for evaluation of safety levels and enhancement of the existing safety performance functions, which combine traffic volumes, and speeds as a function of radii). The final models may help quantify the safety impact of different turbo-roundabout solutions. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multithreaded transactions in scientific computing: New versions of a computer program for kinematical calculations of RHEED intensity oscillations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brzuszek, Marcin; Daniluk, Andrzej

2006-11-01

Writing a concurrent program can be more difficult than writing a sequential program. Programmer needs to think about synchronisation, race conditions and shared variables. Transactions help reduce the inconvenience of using threads. A transaction is an abstraction, which allows programmers to group a sequence of actions on the program into a logical, higher-level computation unit. This paper presents multithreaded versions of the GROWTH program, which allow to calculate the layer coverages during the growth of thin epitaxial films and the corresponding RHEED intensities according to the kinematical approximation. The presented programs also contain graphical user interfaces, which enable displaying program data at run-time. New version program summaryTitles of programs:GROWTHGr, GROWTH06 Catalogue identifier:ADVL_v2_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADVL_v2_0 Program obtainable from:CPC Program Library, Queen's University of Belfast, N. Ireland Catalogue identifier of previous version:ADVL Does the new version supersede the original program:No Computer for which the new version is designed and others on which it has been tested: Pentium-based PC Operating systems or monitors under which the new version has been tested: Windows 9x, XP, NT Programming language used:Object Pascal Memory required to execute with typical data:More than 1 MB Number of bits in a word:64 bits Number of processors used:1 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.:20 931 Number of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1 311 268 Distribution format:tar.gz Nature of physical problem: The programs compute the RHEED intensities during the growth of thin epitaxial structures prepared using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The computations are based on the use of kinematical diffraction theory [P.I. Cohen, G.S. Petrich, P.R. Pukite, G.J. Whaley, A.S. Arrott, Surf. Sci. 216 (1989) 222. [1

GPFA-AB_Phase1GeologicReservoirsContentModel10_26_2015.xls

DOE Data Explorer

Teresa E. Jordan

2015-09-30

This dataset conforms to the Tier 3 Content Model for Geologic Reservoirs Version 1.0. It contains the known hydrocarbon reservoirs within the study area of the GPFA-AB Phase 1 Task 2, Natural Reservoirs Quality Analysis (Project DE-EE0006726). The final values for Reservoir Productivity Index (RPI) and uncertainty (in terms of coefficient of variation, CV) are included. RPI is in units of liters per MegaPascal-second (L/MPa-s), quantified using permeability, thickness of formation, and depth. A higher RPI is more optimal. Coefficient of Variation (CV) is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean RPI for each reservoir. A lower CV is more optimal. Details on these metrics can be found in the Reservoirs_Methodology_Memo.pdf uploaded to the Geothermal Data Repository Node of the NGDS in October of 2015.

European guidelines for workplace drug and alcohol testing in hair.

PubMed

Salomone, A; Tsanaclis, L; Agius, R; Kintz, P; Baumgartner, M R

2016-10-01

Guidelines for Legally Defensible Workplace Drug Testing have been prepared and updated by the European Workplace Drug Testing Society (EWDTS). They are based on the 2010 version published by Pascal Kintz and Ronald Agius (Guidelines for European workplace drug and alcohol testing in hair. Drug Test. Anal. 2010, 2, 367) and in concordance with the Society of Hair Testing guidelines (Society of Hair Testing guidelines for drug testing in hair. Forensic Sci. Int. 2012, 218, 20-24). The European Guidelines are designed to establish best practice procedures whilst allowing individual countries to operate within the requirements of national customs and legislation. The EWDTS recommends that all European laboratories that undertake legally defensible workplace drug testing use these guidelines as a template for accreditation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Unsteady Turbopump Flow Simulations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Centin, Kiris C.; Kwak, Dochan

2001-01-01

The objective of the current effort is two-fold: 1) to provide a computational framework for design and analysis of the entire fuel supply system of a liquid rocket engine; and 2) to provide high-fidelity unsteady turbopump flow analysis capability to support the design of pump sub-systems for advanced space transportation vehicle. Since the space launch systems in the near future are likely to involve liquid propulsion system, increasing the efficiency and reliability of the turbopump components is an important task. To date, computational tools for design/analysis of turbopump flow are based on relatively lower fidelity methods. Unsteady, three-dimensional viscous flow analysis tool involving stationary and rotational components for the entire turbopump assembly has not been available, at least, for real-world engineering applications. Present effort is an attempt to provide this capability so that developers of the vehicle will be able to extract such information as transient flow phenomena for start up, impact of non-uniform inflow, system vibration and impact on the structure. Those quantities are not readily available from simplified design tools. In this presentation, the progress being made toward complete turbo-pump simulation capability for a liquid rocket engine is reported. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) turbo-pump is used as a test case for the performance evaluation of the hybrid MPI/Open-MP and MLP versions of the INS3D code. Relative motion of the grid system for rotor-stator interaction was obtained by employing overset grid techniques. Time-accuracy of the scheme has been evaluated by using simple test cases. Unsteady computations for SSME turbopump, which contains 106 zones with 34.5 Million grid points, are currently underway on Origin 2000 systems at NASA Ames Research Center. Results from these time-accurate simulations with moving boundary capability and the performance of the parallel versions of the code will be presented.

PCACE- PERSONAL COMPUTER AIDED CABLING ENGINEERING

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Billitti, J. W.

1994-01-01

A computerized interactive harness engineering program has been developed to provide an inexpensive, interactive system which is designed for learning and using an engineering approach to interconnection systems. PCACE is basically a database system that stores information as files of individual connectors and handles wiring information in circuit groups stored as records. This directly emulates the typical manual engineering methods of data handling, thus making the user interface to the program very natural. Data files can be created, viewed, manipulated, or printed in real time. The printed ouput is in a form ready for use by fabrication and engineering personnel. PCACE also contains a wide variety of error-checking routines including connector contact checks during hardcopy generation. The user may edit existing harness data files or create new files. In creating a new file, the user is given the opportunity to insert all the connector and harness boiler plate data which would be part of a normal connector wiring diagram. This data includes the following: 1) connector reference designator, 2) connector part number, 3) backshell part number, 4) cable reference designator, 5) cable part number, 6) drawing revision, 7) relevant notes, 8) standard wire gauge, and 9) maximum circuit count. Any item except the maximum circuit count may be left blank, and any item may be changed at a later time. Once a file is created and organized, the user is directed to the main menu and has access to the file boiler plate, the circuit wiring records, and the wiring records index list. The organization of a file is such that record zero contains the connector/cable boiler plate, and all other records contain circuit wiring data. Each wiring record will handle a circuit with as many as nine wires in the interface. The record stores the circuit name and wire count and the following data for each wire: 1) wire identifier, 2) contact, 3) splice, 4) wire gauge if different from standard, 5) wire/group type, 6) wire destination, and 7) note number. The PCACE record structure allows for a wide variety of wiring forms using splices and shields, yet retains sufficient structure to maintain ease of use. PCACE is written in TURBO Pascal 3.0 and has been implemented on IBM PC, XT, and AT systems under DOS 3.1 with a memory of 512K of 8 bit bytes, two floppy disk drives, an RGB monitor, and a printer with ASCII control characters. PCACE was originally developed in 1983, and the IBM version was released in 1986.

A hardware implementation of the discrete Pascal transform for image processing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goodman, Thomas J.; Aburdene, Maurice F.

2006-02-01

The discrete Pascal transform is a polynomial transform with applications in pattern recognition, digital filtering, and digital image processing. It already has been shown that the Pascal transform matrix can be decomposed into a product of binary matrices. Such a factorization leads to a fast and efficient hardware implementation without the use of multipliers, which consume large amounts of hardware. We recently developed a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation to compute the Pascal transform. Our goal was to demonstrate the computational efficiency of the transform while keeping hardware requirements at a minimum. Images are uploaded into memory from a remote computer prior to processing, and the transform coefficients can be offloaded from the FPGA board for analysis. Design techniques like as-soon-as-possible scheduling and adder sharing allowed us to develop a fast and efficient system. An eight-point, one-dimensional transform completes in 13 clock cycles and requires only four adders. An 8x8 two-dimensional transform completes in 240 cycles and requires only a top-level controller in addition to the one-dimensional transform hardware. Finally, through minor modifications to the controller, the transform operations can be pipelined to achieve 100% utilization of the four adders, allowing one eight-point transform to complete every seven clock cycles.

Correlation of the turbo-MP RIA with ImmunoCAP FEIA for determination of food allergen-specific immunoglobulin E.

PubMed

Kontis, Kris J; Valcour, Andre; Patel, Ashok; Chen, Andy; Wang, Jan; Chow, Julia; Nayak, Narayan

2006-01-01

It has been reported that in vitro measurement of food-specific IgE can be used to accurately predict food allergy and reduce the risk associated with double-blinded placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC). Our objective was to assess the performance characteristics of the Hycor Turbo-MP quantitative radioimmunoassay for food-specific IgE and to determine this method's comparability to another assay, the Pharmacia ImmunoCAP fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA). The dynamic range of the Turbo-MP assay is 0.05 to 100 IU/ml, compared to 0.35 to 100 IU/ml for the FEIA. Performance characteristics of the Turbo-MP assay (ie, reproducibility of the calibration curve, within-run precision, total precision, parallelism, and linearity) were determined using samples from the Hycor serum bank. The precision (CV) of IgE calibrator replicates was <10%. The total precision (CV) of the Turbo-MP assay ranged from 8.8% to 18.4% for specific IgE concentrations between 0.28 to 31.4 IU/ml. Testing of serial dilutions of sera with IgE specificities for egg white, cow's milk, codfish, wheat, peanut, and soybean showed that the assay is linear over the entire dynamic range. Serial dilution data (slopes of 1.01 to 1.10) showed parallelism to serial dilutions of the IgE calibrator (slope of 0.96). The Turbo-MP and FEIA methods were both used for quantitative assays of food-specific IgE in 457 serum samples obtained from a clinical reference laboratory. Comparison of specific IgE results by the Turbo-MP and FEIA methods for 6 major food allergens exhibited a slope of 0.99 (0.92 to 1.03) with a correlation coefficient of 0.81.

Preprocessor that Enables the Use of GridProTM Grids for Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Code TURBO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shyam, Vikram

2010-01-01

A preprocessor for the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code TURBO has been developed and tested. The preprocessor converts grids produced by GridPro (Program Development Company (PDC)) into a format readable by TURBO and generates the necessary input files associated with the grid. The preprocessor also generates information that enables the user to decide how to allocate the computational load in a multiple block per processor scenario.

Turbo-SMT: Parallel Coupled Sparse Matrix-Tensor Factorizations and Applications

PubMed Central

Papalexakis, Evangelos E.; Faloutsos, Christos; Mitchell, Tom M.; Talukdar, Partha Pratim; Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.; Murphy, Brian

2016-01-01

How can we correlate the neural activity in the human brain as it responds to typed words, with properties of these terms (like ’edible’, ’fits in hand’)? In short, we want to find latent variables, that jointly explain both the brain activity, as well as the behavioral responses. This is one of many settings of the Coupled Matrix-Tensor Factorization (CMTF) problem. Can we enhance any CMTF solver, so that it can operate on potentially very large datasets that may not fit in main memory? We introduce Turbo-SMT, a meta-method capable of doing exactly that: it boosts the performance of any CMTF algorithm, produces sparse and interpretable solutions, and parallelizes any CMTF algorithm, producing sparse and interpretable solutions (up to 65 fold). Additionally, we improve upon ALS, the work-horse algorithm for CMTF, with respect to efficiency and robustness to missing values. We apply Turbo-SMT to BrainQ, a dataset consisting of a (nouns, brain voxels, human subjects) tensor and a (nouns, properties) matrix, with coupling along the nouns dimension. Turbo-SMT is able to find meaningful latent variables, as well as to predict brain activity with competitive accuracy. Finally, we demonstrate the generality of Turbo-SMT, by applying it on a Facebook dataset (users, ’friends’, wall-postings); there, Turbo-SMT spots spammer-like anomalies. PMID:27672406

Thermodynamic Analysis on of Skid-Mounted Coal-bed Methane Liquefaction Device using Cryogenic Turbo-Expander

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Shuangtao; Niu, Lu; Zeng, Qiang; Li, Xiaojiang; Lou, Fang; Chen, Liang; Hou, Yu

2017-12-01

Coal-bed methane (CBM) reserves are rich in Sinkiang of China, and liquefaction is a critical step for the CBM exploration and utilization. Different from other CBM gas fields in China, CBM distribution in Sinkiang is widespread but scattered, and the pressure, flow-rate and nitrogen content of CBM feed vary significantly. The skid-mounted liquefaction device is suggested as an efficient and economical way to recover methane. Turbo-expander is one of the most important parts which generates the cooling capacity for the cryogenic liquefaction system. Using turbo-expander, more cooling capacity and higher liquefied fraction can be achieved. In this study, skid-mounted CBM liquefaction processes based on Claude cycle are established. Cryogenic turbo-expander with high expansion ratio is employed to improve the efficiency of CBM liquefaction process. The unit power consumption per liquefaction mole flow-rate for CBM feed gas is used as the object function for process optimization, compressor discharge pressure, flow ratio of feed gas to turbo-expander and nitrogen friction are analyzed, and optimum operation range of the liquefaction processes are obtained.

Dynamic configuration management of a multi-standard and multi-mode reconfigurable multi-ASIP architecture for turbo decoding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lapotre, Vianney; Gogniat, Guy; Baghdadi, Amer; Diguet, Jean-Philippe

2017-12-01

The multiplication of connected devices goes along with a large variety of applications and traffic types needing diverse requirements. Accompanying this connectivity evolution, the last years have seen considerable evolutions of wireless communication standards in the domain of mobile telephone networks, local/wide wireless area networks, and Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). In this context, intensive research has been conducted to provide flexible turbo decoder targeting high throughput, multi-mode, multi-standard, and power consumption efficiency. However, flexible turbo decoder implementations have not often considered dynamic reconfiguration issues in this context that requires high speed configuration switching. Starting from this assessment, this paper proposes the first solution that allows frame-by-frame run-time configuration management of a multi-processor turbo decoder without compromising the decoding performances.

The TurboLAN project. Phase 1: Protocol choices for high speed local area networks. Phase 2: TurboLAN Intelligent Network Adapter Card, (TINAC) architecture

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alkhatib, Hasan S.

1991-01-01

The hardware and the software architecture of the TurboLAN Intelligent Network Adapter Card (TINAC) are described. A high level as well as detailed treatment of the workings of various components of the TINAC are presented. The TINAC is divided into the following four major functional units: (1) the network access unit (NAU); (2) the buffer management unit; (3) the host interface unit; and (4) the node processor unit.

Fire Resistant Fuel for Military Compression Ignition Engines

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-04

Turbo Diesel Maximum Power Output Figure 5. 6.5L Turbo Diesel Maximum Torque Output 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200...H2O & 250ppm) JP8-FRF AMA (5% H2O & 250ppm) UNCLASSIFIED 9 UNCLASSIFIED Figure 6. 6.5L Turbo Diesel Brake Specific Fuel Consumption From...mid-1980s, fire-resistant diesel fuel that self extinguished when ignited by an explosive projectile was developed. Chemically, this fire resistant

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 153 - Metric Units Used in Part 153

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

.../cm2. ......do kPa 1×10 3 N/m 2. Temperature Degree Celsius °C 5/9 (°F-32). Viscosity milli-Pascal... 46 Shipping 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Metric Units Used in Part 153 II Appendix II to Part 153... common metric Force Newton N 0.225 lbs. Length Meter m 39.37 in. Centimeter cm .3937 in. Pressure Pascal...

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 153 - Metric Units Used in Part 153

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

.../cm2. ......do kPa 1×10 3 N/m 2. Temperature Degree Celsius °C 5/9 (°F-32). Viscosity milli-Pascal... 46 Shipping 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Metric Units Used in Part 153 II Appendix II to Part 153... common metric Force Newton N 0.225 lbs. Length Meter m 39.37 in. Centimeter cm .3937 in. Pressure Pascal...

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 153 - Metric Units Used in Part 153

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

.../cm2. ......do kPa 1×10 3 N/m 2. Temperature Degree Celsius °C 5/9 (°F-32). Viscosity milli-Pascal... 46 Shipping 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Metric Units Used in Part 153 II Appendix II to Part 153... common metric Force Newton N 0.225 lbs. Length Meter m 39.37 in. Centimeter cm .3937 in. Pressure Pascal...

Simulation of an array-based neural net model

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barnden, John A.

1987-01-01

Research in cognitive science suggests that much of cognition involves the rapid manipulation of complex data structures. However, it is very unclear how this could be realized in neural networks or connectionist systems. A core question is: how could the interconnectivity of items in an abstract-level data structure be neurally encoded? The answer appeals mainly to positional relationships between activity patterns within neural arrays, rather than directly to neural connections in the traditional way. The new method was initially devised to account for abstract symbolic data structures, but it also supports cognitively useful spatial analogue, image-like representations. As the neural model is based on massive, uniform, parallel computations over 2D arrays, the massively parallel processor is a convenient tool for simulation work, although there are complications in using the machine to the fullest advantage. An MPP Pascal simulation program for a small pilot version of the model is running.

Malaysian Secondary Physics Teachers' Perceptions towards the Teaching and Learning of Archimedes' Principle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salleh, Khalijah Mohd; Abdullah, Abu Bakar Bin

2008-05-01

An explorative study was carried out to confirm Malaysian Physics teachers' perception that Archimedes' principle is a difficult topic for secondary level students. The interview method was used for data collection. The study sample was made of nine national secondary schools teachers from Miri, Sarawak. The data was analysed qualitatively using the Atlas-ti version 5.2 software. The findings of the study showed that i) Archimedes' principle as compared to Bernoulli's and Pascal's is the most difficult principle of hydrodynamics for students, ii) more time was given in the teaching and learning (TL) of Archimedes principle compared to the other two principles, iii) the major TL problems include conceptual understanding, application of physics principles and ideas, and lack of mathematical skills. These findings implicate the need to develop corresponding instructional materials and learning kits that can assist students' understanding of Archimedes' principle.

A translator writing system for microcomputer high-level languages and assemblers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collins, W. R.; Knight, J. C.; Noonan, R. E.

1980-01-01

In order to implement high level languages whenever possible, a translator writing system of advanced design was developed. It is intended for routine production use by many programmers working on different projects. As well as a fairly conventional parser generator, it includes a system for the rapid generation of table driven code generators. The parser generator was developed from a prototype version. The translator writing system includes various tools for the management of the source text of a compiler under construction. In addition, it supplies various default source code sections so that its output is always compilable and executable. The system thereby encourages iterative enhancement as a development methodology by ensuring an executable program from the earliest stages of a compiler development project. The translator writing system includes PASCAL/48 compiler, three assemblers, and two compilers for a subset of HAL/S.

Americium-241 Decorporation Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

doses compared Radiation Dose Convert mass to activity if needed Calculate critical organ doses/ effective whole body dose (Christy and Eckerman...compartments over time with and without treatment, excretion rates, and radiation doses to critical organs. Calculations from the model may be used to...268 x E + 2 newton-meter (N/m) pound-force/foot2 4.788 026 x E – 2 kilo pascal (kPa) pound-force/inch2 (psi) 6.894 757 kilo pascal (kPa) pound- mass

PORTABLE LISP; a list-processing interpreter. [CDC7600; PASCAL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taylor, W.P.

The program constitutes a complete, basic LISP (LIST-Processing language) interpreter. LISP expressions are evaluated one by one with both the input expression and the resulting evaluated expression printed. Expressions are evaluated until a FIN card is encountered. Between expression evaluations a garbage-collection algorithm is invoked to recover list space used in the previous evaluation.CDC7600; PASCAL; SCOPE; The sample problem was executed in 7000 (octal) words of memory on a CDC7600.

What Would Pascal Think About Space Safety?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pfitzer, Tom

2013-09-01

Blaise Pascal was a true Renaissance man being well versed in science, physics, religion, philosophy, and especially mathematics. He had a knack for simplifying complex problems into mathematical formulae. He had well-formed opinions about the scientific issues of his day, in particular about risk. There is little doubt that were he alive today, he would have opinions useful to this society. This paper addresses what he thought then as a foundation for what he would have thought now.

Value of a single-shot turbo spin-echo pulse sequence for assessing the architecture of the subarachnoid space and the constitutive nature of cerebrospinal fluid.

PubMed

Pease, Anthony; Sullivan, Stacey; Olby, Natasha; Galano, Heather; Cerda-Gonzalez, Sophia; Robertson, Ian D; Gavin, Patrick; Thrall, Donald

2006-01-01

Three case history reports are presented to illustrate the value of the single-shot turbo spin-echo pulse sequence for assessment of the subarachnoid space. The use of the single-shot turbo spin-echo pulse sequence, which is a heavily T2-weighted sequence, allows for a rapid, noninvasive evaluation of the subarachnoid space by using the high signal from cerebrospinal fluid. This sequence can be completed in seconds rather than the several minutes required for a T2-fast spin-echo sequence. Unlike the standard T2-fast spin-echo sequence, a single-shot turbo spin-echo pulse sequence also provides qualitative information about the protein and the cellular content of the cerebrospinal fluid, such as in patients with inflammatory debris or hemorrhage in the cerebrospinal fluid. Although the resolution of the single-shot turbo spin-echo pulse sequence images is relatively poor compared with more conventional sequences, the qualitative information about the subarachnoid space and cerebrospinal fluid and the rapid acquisition time, make it a useful sequence to include in standard protocols of spinal magnetic resonance imaging.

Upgrade and Extension of the Data Acquisition System for Propulsion and Gas Dynamic Laboratories

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-06-01

Program: TURBO4 ............... 165 Figure D7 TPL Program: SCAN TEMP .... ........... .. 169 Figure DS TPL Program: TURBO -MENU . . .......... 170...User 1 Cape Command TURBO CGMPRI3 DESIGN UPI4753A WORK BACKUP PROGRAM EIT CKARGER LAB CAT DIR LISTINGS MENU * Figure 31 HP9000 Initial CRT Screen... diselS -Data filelSa":. 700,0,1" 140 Data disc2$-Data_file2S&" :.700,0,1" 150 ASSIGN UVatapat1l TO Data discl$ 160 ASSIGN IDatapatb2 TO Data diac2$ 170

Development of Intake Swirl Generators for Turbo Jet Engine Testing

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-03-01

As a test object a Larxac 04 turbofan engine was chosen which is used as propulsion in the Alpha Jet aircraft . This twospool engine features a two...a__ OPI: !’fIC-TID N .18.1 DEVELOPMENT OF NAR 8WZRL GENERATORS FOR TURBO JET ENGINE TU TING by H.P. Gensmlor*, W. Meyer**, L. Fottner*** Dipl.-Ing...at the Universitit der Bundeswehr MUnchen. The test facility is designed for turbo jet engines up to an maximum thrust of 30kN and a maximum mass

Turbo-Proton Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging (t-PEPSI) MR technique in the detection of diffuse axonal damage in brain injury. Comparison with Gradient-Recalled Echo (GRE) sequence.

PubMed

Giugni, E; Sabatini, U; Hagberg, G E; Formisano, R; Castriota-Scanderbeg, A

2005-01-01

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a common type of primary neuronal injury in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, and is frequently accompanied by tissue tear haemorrhage. The T2*-weighted gradient-recalled echo (GRE) sequences are more sensitive than T2-weighted spin-echo images for detection of haemorrhage. This study was undertaken to determine whether turbo-PEPSI, an extremely fast multi-echo-planar-imaging sequence, can be used as an alternative to the GRE sequence for detection of DAI. Nineteen patients (mean age 24,5 year) with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurred at least 3 months earlier, underwent a brain MRI study on a 1.5-Tesla scanner. A qualitative evaluation of the turbo-PEPSI sequences was performed by identifying the optimal echo time and in-plane resolution. The number and size of DAI lesions, as well as the signal intensity contrast ratio (SI CR), were computed for each set of GRE and turbo-PEPSI images, and divided according to their anatomic location into lobar and/or deep brain. There was no significant difference between GRE and turbo-PEPSI sequences in the total number of DAI lesions detected (283 vs 225 lesions, respectively). The GRE sequence identified a greater number of hypointense lesions in the temporal lobe compared to the t-PEPSI sequence (72 vs 35, p<0.003), while no significant differences were found for the other brain regions. The SI CR was significantly better (i.e. lower) for the turbo-PEPSI than for the GRE sequence (p<0.00001). Owing to its very short scan time and high sensitivity to the haemorrhage foci, the turbo-PEPSI sequence can be used as an alternative to the GRE to assess brain DAI in severe TBI patients, especially if uncooperative and medically unstable.

Where do interjections come from? A psycholinguistic analysis of Shaw's Pygmalion.

PubMed

O'Connell, Daniel C; Kowal, Sabine

2005-09-01

Starting from our recent findings regarding emotional and initializing functions of interjections in TV and radio interviews (Kowal & O'Connell, 2004b; O'Connell & Kowal, in press; O'Connell, Kowal, & Ageneau, 2005), we used the book and script of Shaw (1916/1969) and the audiotape of the motion picture (Pascal, Asquith, & Howard, 1938) Pygmalion to investigate how actors use interjections to express emotions. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) The actors use the written cues selectively in their oral performance by substituting, adding, and deleting interjections; (2) primary interjections added by the actors are less conventional than those in the written text; (3) durations and number of syllables of Eliza Doolittle's spoken renditions of her signature interjection ah-ah-ah-ow-ow-ow-oo do not correlate with the length in letters and syllables of the written versions; and (4) there is no evidence for Ameka's (1992b, 1994) characterization of interjections as temporally isolated, i.e., preceded and followed by silent pauses, in consequence of their syntactic isolation. Our findings confirmed all the hypotheses except for one unexpectedly significant correlation between number of syllables in Eliza Doolittle's signature interjection in the written version and duration in seconds of the spoken version thereof. The common thread throughout these data is the actor's need to personalize emotions in a dramatic performance--by means of interjections other than those provided in the written text. In this process of personalization, the emotional and initializing functions of interjections are confirmed.

Turbo marketing through time compression.

PubMed

Kotler, P; Stonich, P J

1991-01-01

A host of advantages will flow to companies that learn to make and deliver goods and services faster than their competitors. However, four key questions must be answered to determine if a turbo marketing approach is suitable for your company.

Turbo fluid machinery and diffusers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sakurai, T.

1984-01-01

The general theory behind turbo devices and diffusers is explained. Problems and the state of research on basic equations of flow and experimental and measuring methods are discussed. Conventional centrifugation-type compressor and fan diffusers are considered in detail.

Unsteady Full Annulus Simulations of a Transonic Axial Compressor Stage

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Herrick, Gregory P.; Hathaway, Michael D.; Chen, Jen-Ping

2009-01-01

Two recent research endeavors in turbomachinery at NASA Glenn Research Center have focused on compression system stall inception and compression system aerothermodynamic performance. Physical experiment and computational research are ongoing in support of these research objectives. TURBO, an unsteady, three-dimensional, Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics code commissioned and developed by NASA, has been utilized, enhanced, and validated in support of these endeavors. In the research which follows, TURBO is shown to accurately capture compression system flow range-from choke to stall inception-and also to accurately calculate fundamental aerothermodynamic performance parameters. Rigorous full-annulus calculations are performed to validate TURBO s ability to simulate the unstable, unsteady, chaotic stall inception process; as part of these efforts, full-annulus calculations are also performed at a condition approaching choke to further document TURBO s capabilities to compute aerothermodynamic performance data and support a NASA code assessment effort.

Probabilistic Analysis of Radiation Doses for Shore-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-01

Based Upon Oxygen Consumption Rates. EPA/600/R-06/129F, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. May. USEPA (U.S. Environmental...pascal (Pa) pound-force per square inch (psi) 6.894 757 × 103 pascal (Pa) Angle/ Temperature /Time hour (h) 3.6 × 103 second (s) degree of arc (o...equivalent and effective dose is the sievert (Sv). (1 Sv = 1 J kg–1). 1 DTRA-TR-12-002: Probabilistic Analysis of Radiation Doses for Shore-Based

A microcomputer program for energy assessment and aggregation using the triangular probability distribution

USGS Publications Warehouse

Crovelli, R.A.; Balay, R.H.

1991-01-01

A general risk-analysis method was developed for petroleum-resource assessment and other applications. The triangular probability distribution is used as a model with an analytic aggregation methodology based on probability theory rather than Monte-Carlo simulation. Among the advantages of the analytic method are its computational speed and flexibility, and the saving of time and cost on a microcomputer. The input into the model consists of a set of components (e.g. geologic provinces) and, for each component, three potential resource estimates: minimum, most likely (mode), and maximum. Assuming a triangular probability distribution, the mean, standard deviation, and seven fractiles (F100, F95, F75, F50, F25, F5, and F0) are computed for each component, where for example, the probability of more than F95 is equal to 0.95. The components are aggregated by combining the means, standard deviations, and respective fractiles under three possible siutations (1) perfect positive correlation, (2) complete independence, and (3) any degree of dependence between these two polar situations. A package of computer programs named the TRIAGG system was written in the Turbo Pascal 4.0 language for performing the analytic probabilistic methodology. The system consists of a program for processing triangular probability distribution assessments and aggregations, and a separate aggregation routine for aggregating aggregations. The user's documentation and program diskette of the TRIAGG system are available from USGS Open File Services. TRIAGG requires an IBM-PC/XT/AT compatible microcomputer with 256kbyte of main memory, MS-DOS 3.1 or later, either two diskette drives or a fixed disk, and a 132 column printer. A graphics adapter and color display are optional. ?? 1991.

Aerodynamic seal assemblies for turbo-machinery

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bidkar, Rahul Anil; Wolfe, Christopher; Fang, Biao

2015-09-29

The present application provides an aerodynamic seal assembly for use with a turbo-machine. The aerodynamic seal assembly may include a number of springs, a shoe connected to the springs, and a secondary seal positioned about the springs and the shoe.

77 FR 64581 - Petition for Exemption; Summary of Petition Received

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-22

... operate their turbo-jet powered Comp-Let TST-14 glider without completing within the preceding 12 calendar..., complete a pilot-in-command proficiency check in the turbo-jet powered Comp-Let TST-14 glider. [FR Doc...

Investigation of Different Constituent Encoders in a Turbo-code Scheme for Reduced Decoder Complexity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kwatra, S. C.

1998-01-01

A large number of papers have been published attempting to give some analytical basis for the performance of Turbo-codes. It has been shown that performance improves with increased interleaver length. Also procedures have been given to pick the best constituent recursive systematic convolutional codes (RSCC's). However testing by computer simulation is still required to verify these results. This thesis begins by describing the encoding and decoding schemes used. Next simulation results on several memory 4 RSCC's are shown. It is found that the best BER performance at low E(sub b)/N(sub o) is not given by the RSCC's that were found using the analytic techniques given so far. Next the results are given from simulations using a smaller memory RSCC for one of the constituent encoders. Significant reduction in decoding complexity is obtained with minimal loss in performance. Simulation results are then given for a rate 1/3 Turbo-code with the result that this code performed as well as a rate 1/2 Turbo-code as measured by the distance from their respective Shannon limits. Finally the results of simulations where an inaccurate noise variance measurement was used are given. From this it was observed that Turbo-decoding is fairly stable with regard to noise variance measurement.

Fault Diagnostics for Turbo-Shaft Engine Sensors Based on a Simplified On-Board Model

PubMed Central

Lu, Feng; Huang, Jinquan; Xing, Yaodong

2012-01-01

Combining a simplified on-board turbo-shaft model with sensor fault diagnostic logic, a model-based sensor fault diagnosis method is proposed. The existing fault diagnosis method for turbo-shaft engine key sensors is mainly based on a double redundancies technique, and this can't be satisfied in some occasions as lack of judgment. The simplified on-board model provides the analytical third channel against which the dual channel measurements are compared, while the hardware redundancy will increase the structure complexity and weight. The simplified turbo-shaft model contains the gas generator model and the power turbine model with loads, this is built up via dynamic parameters method. Sensor fault detection, diagnosis (FDD) logic is designed, and two types of sensor failures, such as the step faults and the drift faults, are simulated. When the discrepancy among the triplex channels exceeds a tolerance level, the fault diagnosis logic determines the cause of the difference. Through this approach, the sensor fault diagnosis system achieves the objectives of anomaly detection, sensor fault diagnosis and redundancy recovery. Finally, experiments on this method are carried out on a turbo-shaft engine, and two types of faults under different channel combinations are presented. The experimental results show that the proposed method for sensor fault diagnostics is efficient. PMID:23112645

Fault diagnostics for turbo-shaft engine sensors based on a simplified on-board model.

PubMed

Lu, Feng; Huang, Jinquan; Xing, Yaodong

2012-01-01

Combining a simplified on-board turbo-shaft model with sensor fault diagnostic logic, a model-based sensor fault diagnosis method is proposed. The existing fault diagnosis method for turbo-shaft engine key sensors is mainly based on a double redundancies technique, and this can't be satisfied in some occasions as lack of judgment. The simplified on-board model provides the analytical third channel against which the dual channel measurements are compared, while the hardware redundancy will increase the structure complexity and weight. The simplified turbo-shaft model contains the gas generator model and the power turbine model with loads, this is built up via dynamic parameters method. Sensor fault detection, diagnosis (FDD) logic is designed, and two types of sensor failures, such as the step faults and the drift faults, are simulated. When the discrepancy among the triplex channels exceeds a tolerance level, the fault diagnosis logic determines the cause of the difference. Through this approach, the sensor fault diagnosis system achieves the objectives of anomaly detection, sensor fault diagnosis and redundancy recovery. Finally, experiments on this method are carried out on a turbo-shaft engine, and two types of faults under different channel combinations are presented. The experimental results show that the proposed method for sensor fault diagnostics is efficient.

3D single point imaging with compressed sensing provides high temporal resolution R 2* mapping for in vivo preclinical applications.

PubMed

Rioux, James A; Beyea, Steven D; Bowen, Chris V

2017-02-01

Purely phase-encoded techniques such as single point imaging (SPI) are generally unsuitable for in vivo imaging due to lengthy acquisition times. Reconstruction of highly undersampled data using compressed sensing allows SPI data to be quickly obtained from animal models, enabling applications in preclinical cellular and molecular imaging. TurboSPI is a multi-echo single point technique that acquires hundreds of images with microsecond spacing, enabling high temporal resolution relaxometry of large-R 2 * systems such as iron-loaded cells. TurboSPI acquisitions can be pseudo-randomly undersampled in all three dimensions to increase artifact incoherence, and can provide prior information to improve reconstruction. We evaluated the performance of CS-TurboSPI in phantoms, a rat ex vivo, and a mouse in vivo. An algorithm for iterative reconstruction of TurboSPI relaxometry time courses does not affect image quality or R 2 * mapping in vitro at acceleration factors up to 10. Imaging ex vivo is possible at similar acceleration factors, and in vivo imaging is demonstrated at an acceleration factor of 8, such that acquisition time is under 1 h. Accelerated TurboSPI enables preclinical R 2 * mapping without loss of data quality, and may show increased specificity to iron oxide compared to other sequences.

Security Assessment Of A Turbo-Gas Power Plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Masera, Marcelo; Fovino, Igor Nai; Leszczyna, Rafal

Critical infrastructures are exposed to new threats due to the large number of vulnerabilities and architectural weaknesses introduced by the extensive use of information and communication technologies. This paper presents the results of an exhaustive security assessment for a turbo-gas power plant.

Cochran Q test with Turbo BASIC.

PubMed

Seuc, A H

1995-01-01

A microcomputer program written in Turbo BASIC for the sequential application of the Cochran Q test is given. A clinical application where the test is used in order to explore the structure of the agreement between observers is also presented. A program listing is available on request.

TurboTech Technical Evaluation Automated System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tiffany, Dorothy J.

2009-01-01

TurboTech software is a Web-based process that simplifies and semiautomates technical evaluation of NASA proposals for Contracting Officer's Technical Representatives (COTRs). At the time of this reporting, there have been no set standards or systems for training new COTRs in technical evaluations. This new process provides boilerplate text in response to interview style questions. This text is collected into a Microsoft Word document that can then be further edited to conform to specific cases. By providing technical language and a structured format, TurboTech allows the COTRs to concentrate more on the actual evaluation, and less on deciding what language would be most appropriate. Since the actual word choice is one of the more time-consuming parts of a COTRs job, this process should allow for an increase in quantity of proposals evaluated. TurboTech is applicable to composing technical evaluations of contractor proposals, task and delivery orders, change order modifications, requests for proposals, new work modifications, task assignments, as well as any changes to existing contracts.

Turboprop+: enhanced Turboprop diffusion-weighted imaging with a new phase correction.

PubMed

Lee, Chu-Yu; Li, Zhiqiang; Pipe, James G; Debbins, Josef P

2013-08-01

Faster periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) diffusion-weighted imaging acquisitions, such as Turboprop and X-prop, remain subject to phase errors inherent to a gradient echo readout, which ultimately limits the applied turbo factor (number of gradient echoes between each pair of radiofrequency refocusing pulses) and, thus, scan time reductions. This study introduces a new phase correction to Turboprop, called Turboprop+. This technique employs calibration blades, which generate 2-D phase error maps and are rotated in accordance with the data blades, to correct phase errors arising from off-resonance and system imperfections. The results demonstrate that with a small increase in scan time for collecting calibration blades, Turboprop+ had a superior immunity to the off-resonance-related artifacts when compared to standard Turboprop and recently proposed X-prop with the high turbo factor (turbo factor = 7). Thus, low specific absorption rate and short scan time can be achieved in Turboprop+ using a high turbo factor, whereas off-resonance related artifacts are minimized. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Error Control Techniques for Satellite and Space Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

1996-01-01

In this report, we present the results of our recent work on turbo coding in two formats. Appendix A includes the overheads of a talk that has been given at four different locations over the last eight months. This presentation has received much favorable comment from the research community and has resulted in the full-length paper included as Appendix B, 'A Distance Spectrum Interpretation of Turbo Codes'. Turbo codes use a parallel concatenation of rate 1/2 convolutional encoders combined with iterative maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) decoding to achieve a bit error rate (BER) of 10(exp -5) at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of only 0.7 dB. The channel capacity for a rate 1/2 code with binary phase shift-keyed modulation on the AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise) channel is 0 dB, and thus the Turbo coding scheme comes within 0.7 DB of capacity at a BER of 10(exp -5).

NPS-PASCAL. A Microcomputer-based Implementation of the PASCAL Programming Language.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-03-01

rCL (N BASED PRINTNAME)(1) BTEV; CALL LI ’ ITS (I: =N (0)4-7); CALL 7NTEmRtLINKS; 12%- CALL ST A DrRT ( ); PY’EPTR(e)= FOR" kALL S7ET.DDRPTR(!K...kAccI, 1971 . 7* Flynn.,C P. and Moranville, .S., kL-;T_-v0 T -Dl1e7-itaticn Cf A Fi-I 1-vel 3o tt~ lanr’uape F-cr A M’icroccssor-bs- C~’-:uter Sy st

Automatic Generation of Taylor Series in Pascal-SC: Basic Operations and Applications to Ordinary Differential Equations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-01

facilities built into the language compiler itself can be used to generate _imanchAe-C-d, for the evaluatiomn la ’ fficients.) Examples of such languages...Dy mtt ss. I I I I I I I I I,ase.TC11) - 0 1 I =- M 3 (SM) By Mse rede a• I RA IQ BZ yrcrec Table 4.1. Resolution of Cases for e. Consider a series...von Gudenberg. Gesmte Arithmetik des PASCAL-SC Rechners: Benutzerhandbuch. Institute for Applied Mathematics, University of Karlsruhe, 1981. -33- 4

Effect of TurboSwirl Structure on an Uphill Teeming Ingot Casting Process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Haitong; Ersson, Mikael; Jönsson, Pär

2015-12-01

To produce high-quality ingot cast steel with a better surface quality, it would be beneficial for the uphill teeming process if a much more stable flow pattern could be achieved in the runners. Several techniques have been utilized in the industry to try to obtain a stable flow of liquid steel, such as a swirling flow. Some research has indicated that a swirl blade inserted in the horizontal and vertical runners, or some other additional devices and physics could generate a swirling flow in order to give a lower hump height, avoid mold flux entrapment, and improve the quality of the ingot products, and a new swirling flow generation component, TurboSwirl, was introduced to improve the flow pattern. It has recently been demonstrated that the TurboSwirl method can effectively reduce the risk of mold flux entrapment, lower the maximum wall shear stress, and decrease velocity fluctuations. The TurboSwirl is built at the elbow of the runners as a connection between the horizontal and vertical runners. It is located near the mold and it generates a tangential flow that can be used with a divergent nozzle in order to decrease the axial velocity of the vertical flow into the mold. This stabilizes flow before the fluid enters the mold. However, high wall shear stresses develop at the walls due to the fierce rotation in the TurboSwirl. In order to achieve a calmer flow and to protect the refractory wall, some structural improvements have been made. It was found that by changing the flaring angle of the divergent nozzle, it was possible to lower the axial velocity and wall shear stress. Moreover, when the vertical runner and the divergent nozzle were not placed at the center of the TurboSwirl, quite different flow patterns could be obtained to meet to different requirements. In addition, the swirl numbers of all the cases mentioned above were calculated to ensure that the swirling flow was strong enough to generate a swirling flow of the liquid steel in the TurboSwirl.

Quantification of glomerular filtration rate by measurement of gadobutrol clearance from the extracellular fluid volume: comparison of a TurboFLASH and a TrueFISP approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boss, Andreas; Martirosian, Petros; Artunc, Ferruh; Risler, Teut; Claussen, Claus D.; Schlemmer, Heinz-Peter; Schick, Fritz

2007-03-01

Purpose: As the MR contrast-medium gadobutrol is completely eliminated via glomerular filtration, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be quantified after bolus-injection of gadobutrol and complete mixing in the extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) by measuring the signal decrease within the liver parenchyma. Two different navigator-gated single-shot saturation-recovery sequences have been tested for suitability of GFR quantification: a TurboFLASH and a TrueFISP readout technique. Materials and Methods: Ten healthy volunteers (mean age 26.1+/-3.6) were equally devided in two subgroups. After bolus-injection of 0.05 mmol/kg gadobutrol, coronal single-slice images of the liver were recorded every 4-5 seconds during free breathing using either the TurboFLASH or the TrueFISP technique. Time-intensity curves were determined from manually drawn regions-of-interest over the liver parenchyma. Both sequences were subsequently evaluated regarding signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the behaviour of signal intensity curves. The calculated GFR values were compared to an iopromide clearance gold standard. Results: The TrueFISP sequence exhibited a 3.4-fold higher SNR as compared to the TurboFLASH sequence and markedly lower variability of the recorded time-intensity curves. The calculated mean GFR values were 107.0+/-16.1 ml/min/1.73m2 (iopromide: 92.1+/-14.5 ml/min/1.73m2) for the TrueFISP technique and 125.6+/-24.1 ml/min/1.73m2 (iopromide: 97.7+/-6.3 ml/min/1.73m2) for the TurboFLASH approach. The mean paired differences with TrueFISP was lower (15.0 ml/min/1.73m2) than in the TurboFLASH method (27.9 ml/min/1.73m2). Conclusion: The global GFR can be quantified via measurement of gadobutrol clearance from the ECFV. A saturation-recovery TrueFISP sequence allows for more reliable GFR quantification as a saturation recovery TurboFLASH technique.

14 CFR 25.1127 - Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... flexibility between exhaust conduits and the turbine. (b) There must be provisions for lubricating the turbine and for cooling turbine parts where temperatures are critical. (c) If the normal turbo-supercharger control system malfunctions, the turbine speed may not exceed its maximum allowable value. Except for the...

14 CFR 25.1127 - Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... flexibility between exhaust conduits and the turbine. (b) There must be provisions for lubricating the turbine and for cooling turbine parts where temperatures are critical. (c) If the normal turbo-supercharger control system malfunctions, the turbine speed may not exceed its maximum allowable value. Except for the...

14 CFR 25.1127 - Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... flexibility between exhaust conduits and the turbine. (b) There must be provisions for lubricating the turbine and for cooling turbine parts where temperatures are critical. (c) If the normal turbo-supercharger control system malfunctions, the turbine speed may not exceed its maximum allowable value. Except for the...

Cryocoolers for Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Castles, Stephen

2000-01-01

This paper presents Cryocoolers for Space in viewgraph form. The topics include: 1) U.S. Cryocoolers for 4 to 6 Kelvin; 2) Turbo Brayton Cryocooler-Features; 3) HST/NICMOS (Hubble Space Telescope/Near Infrared Camera and Multiobject Spectrometer) 75 Kelvin Cryocooler; 4) Turbo-Brayton Cryocooler-NGST Design; and 5) Two-stage Sorption J-T Cryocooler.

BOOK REVIEW: Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art of Scientific Computing (2nd edn)1 Numerical Recipes Example Book (C++) (2nd edn)2 Numerical Recipes Multi-Language Code CD ROM with LINUX or UNIX Single-Screen License Revised Version3Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art of Scientific Computing (2nd edn) Numerical Recipes Example Book (C++) (2nd edn) Numerical Recipes Multi-Language Code CD ROM with LINUX or UNIX Single-Screen License Revised Version

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Press, William H.; Teukolsky, Saul A.; Vettering, William T.; Flannery, Brian P.

2003-05-01

The two Numerical Recipes books are marvellous. The principal book, The Art of Scientific Computing, contains program listings for almost every conceivable requirement, and it also contains a well written discussion of the algorithms and the numerical methods involved. The Example Book provides a complete driving program, with helpful notes, for nearly all the routines in the principal book. The first edition of Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing was published in 1986 in two versions, one with programs in Fortran, the other with programs in Pascal. There were subsequent versions with programs in BASIC and in C. The second, enlarged edition was published in 1992, again in two versions, one with programs in Fortran (NR(F)), the other with programs in C (NR(C)). In 1996 the authors produced Numerical Recipes in Fortran 90: The Art of Parallel Scientific Computing as a supplement, called Volume 2, with the original (Fortran) version referred to as Volume 1. Numerical Recipes in C++ (NR(C++)) is another version of the 1992 edition. The numerical recipes are also available on a CD ROM: if you want to use any of the recipes, I would strongly advise you to buy the CD ROM. The CD ROM contains the programs in all the languages. When the first edition was published I bought it, and have also bought copies of the other editions as they have appeared. Anyone involved in scientific computing ought to have a copy of at least one version of Numerical Recipes, and there also ought to be copies in every library. If you already have NR(F), should you buy the NR(C++) and, if not, which version should you buy? In the preface to Volume 2 of NR(F), the authors say 'C and C++ programmers have not been far from our minds as we have written this volume, and we think that you will find that time spent in absorbing its principal lessons will be amply repaid in the future as C and C++ eventually develop standard parallel extensions'. In the preface and introduction to NR(C++), the authors point out some of the problems in the use of C++ in scientific computing. I have not found any mention of parallel computing in NR(C++). Fortran has quite a lot going for it. As someone who has used it in most of its versions from Fortran II, I have seen it develop and leave behind other languages promoted by various enthusiasts: who now uses Algol or Pascal? I think it unlikely that C++ will disappear: it was devised as a systems language, and can also be used for other purposes such as scientific computing. It is possible that Fortran will disappear, but Fortran has the strengths that it can develop, that there are extensive Fortran subroutine libraries, and that it has been developed for parallel computing. To argue with programmers as to which is the best language to use is sterile. If you wish to use C++, then buy NR(C++), but you should also look at volume 2 of NR(F). If you are a Fortran programmer, then make sure you have NR(F), volumes 1 and 2. But whichever language you use, make sure you have one version or the other, and the CD ROM. The Example Book provides listings of complete programs to run nearly all the routines in NR, frequently based on cases where an anlytical solution is available. It is helpful when developing a new program incorporating an unfamiliar routine to see that routine actually working, and this is what the programs in the Example Book achieve. I started teaching computational physics before Numerical Recipes was published. If I were starting again, I would make heavy use of both The Art of Scientific Computing and of the Example Book. Every computational physics teaching laboratory should have both volumes: the programs in the Example Book are included on the CD ROM, but the extra commentary in the book itself is of considerable value. P Borcherds

Qualitative novelty in seventeenth-century science: Hydrostatics from Stevin to Pascal.

PubMed

Chalmers, Alan F

2015-06-01

Two works on hydrostatics, by Simon Stevin in 1586 and by Blaise Pascal in 1654, are analysed and compared. The contrast between the two serves to highlight aspects of the qualitative novelty involved in changes within science in the first half of the seventeenth century. Stevin attempted to derive his theory from unproblematic postulates drawn from common sense but failed to achieve his goal insofar as he needed to incorporate assumptions involved in his engineering practice but not sanctioned by his postulates. Pascal's theory went beyond common sense by introducing a novel concept, pressure. Theoretical reflection on novel experiments was involved in the construction of the new concept and experiment also provided important evidence for the theory that deployed it. The new experimental reasoning was qualitatively different from the Euclidean style of reasoning adopted by Stevin. The fact that a conceptualization of a technical sense of pressure adequate for hydrostatics was far from obvious is evident from the work of those, such as Galileo and Descartes, who did not make significant moves in that direction. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Development of turbocharger for improving passenger car acceleration

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watanabe, Tsuyoshi; Koike, Takaaki; Furukawa, Hiromu

1996-09-01

Recently, passenger cars require better acceleration from low engine speed including starting-up in order to decrease the amount of particulate matter (PM) of diesel engines or to improve the driver`s feeling. However, turbocharged cars generally have worse response than the non turbo cars because it takes a few seconds to get the turbocharger rotate up to high speed, usually called Turbo-lag. In order to solve this, various technologies have been developed for a turbocharger itself as well as for charging system such as the sequential system. Here in this paper, the authors focus on the development of the following turbochargermore » technology to reduce Turbo-lag and to achieve better transient response.« less

System analysis for the Huntsville Operational Support Center distributed computer system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ingels, E. M.

1983-01-01

A simulation model was developed and programmed in three languages BASIC, PASCAL, and SLAM. Two of the programs are included in this report, the BASIC and the PASCAL language programs. SLAM is not supported by NASA/MSFC facilities and hence was not included. The statistical comparison of simulations of the same HOSC system configurations are in good agreement and are in agreement with the operational statistics of HOSC that were obtained. Three variations of the most recent HOSC configuration was run and some conclusions drawn as to the system performance under these variations.

Identification and Classification of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) Signals Used in Next Generation Wireless Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

advanced antenna systems AMC adaptive modulation and coding AWGN additive white Gaussian noise BPSK binary phase shift keying BS base station BTC ...QAM-16, and QAM-64, and coding types include convolutional coding (CC), convolutional turbo coding (CTC), block turbo coding ( BTC ), zero-terminating

Turbo-SMT: Accelerating Coupled Sparse Matrix-Tensor Factorizations by 200×

PubMed Central

Papalexakis, Evangelos E.; Faloutsos, Christos; Mitchell, Tom M.; Talukdar, Partha Pratim; Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.; Murphy, Brian

2015-01-01

How can we correlate the neural activity in the human brain as it responds to typed words, with properties of these terms (like ‘edible’, ‘fits in hand’)? In short, we want to find latent variables, that jointly explain both the brain activity, as well as the behavioral responses. This is one of many settings of the Coupled Matrix-Tensor Factorization (CMTF) problem. Can we accelerate any CMTF solver, so that it runs within a few minutes instead of tens of hours to a day, while maintaining good accuracy? We introduce TURBO-SMT, a meta-method capable of doing exactly that: it boosts the performance of any CMTF algorithm, by up to 200×, along with an up to 65 fold increase in sparsity, with comparable accuracy to the baseline. We apply TURBO-SMT to BRAINQ, a dataset consisting of a (nouns, brain voxels, human subjects) tensor and a (nouns, properties) matrix, with coupling along the nouns dimension. TURBO-SMT is able to find meaningful latent variables, as well as to predict brain activity with competitive accuracy. PMID:26473087

Application of a lower-upper implicit scheme and an interactive grid generation for turbomachinery flow field simulations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Choo, Yung K.; Soh, Woo-Yung; Yoon, Seokkwan

1989-01-01

A finite-volume lower-upper (LU) implicit scheme is used to simulate an inviscid flow in a tubine cascade. This approximate factorization scheme requires only the inversion of sparse lower and upper triangular matrices, which can be done efficiently without extensive storage. As an implicit scheme it allows a large time step to reach the steady state. An interactive grid generation program (TURBO), which is being developed, is used to generate grids. This program uses the control point form of algebraic grid generation which uses a sparse collection of control points from which the shape and position of coordinate curves can be adjusted. A distinct advantage of TURBO compared with other grid generation programs is that it allows the easy change of local mesh structure without affecting the grid outside the domain of independence. Sample grids are generated by TURBO for a compressor rotor blade and a turbine cascade. The turbine cascade flow is simulated by using the LU implicit scheme on the grid generated by TURBO.

The Case for Distributed Engine Control in Turbo-Shaft Engine Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Culley, Dennis E.; Paluszewski, Paul J.; Storey, William; Smith, Bert J.

2009-01-01

The turbo-shaft engine is an important propulsion system used to power vehicles on land, sea, and in the air. As the power plant for many high performance helicopters, the characteristics of the engine and control are critical to proper vehicle operation as well as being the main determinant to overall vehicle performance. When applied to vertical flight, important distinctions exist in the turbo-shaft engine control system due to the high degree of dynamic coupling between the engine and airframe and the affect on vehicle handling characteristics. In this study, the impact of engine control system architecture is explored relative to engine performance, weight, reliability, safety, and overall cost. Comparison of the impact of architecture on these metrics is investigated as the control system is modified from a legacy centralized structure to a more distributed configuration. A composite strawman system which is typical of turbo-shaft engines in the 1000 to 2000 hp class is described and used for comparison. The overall benefits of these changes to control system architecture are assessed. The availability of supporting technologies to achieve this evolution is also discussed.

Managing Algorithmic Skeleton Nesting Requirements in Realistic Image Processing Applications: The Case of the SKiPPER-II Parallel Programming Environment's Operating Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coudarcher, Rémi; Duculty, Florent; Serot, Jocelyn; Jurie, Frédéric; Derutin, Jean-Pierre; Dhome, Michel

2005-12-01

SKiPPER is a SKeleton-based Parallel Programming EnviRonment being developed since 1996 and running at LASMEA Laboratory, the Blaise-Pascal University, France. The main goal of the project was to demonstrate the applicability of skeleton-based parallel programming techniques to the fast prototyping of reactive vision applications. This paper deals with the special features embedded in the latest version of the project: algorithmic skeleton nesting capabilities and a fully dynamic operating model. Throughout the case study of a complete and realistic image processing application, in which we have pointed out the requirement for skeleton nesting, we are presenting the operating model of this feature. The work described here is one of the few reported experiments showing the application of skeleton nesting facilities for the parallelisation of a realistic application, especially in the area of image processing. The image processing application we have chosen is a 3D face-tracking algorithm from appearance.

Pain responses of Pascal 20 ms multi-spot and 100 ms single-spot panretinal photocoagulation: Manchester Pascal Study, MAPASS report 2.

PubMed

Muqit, M M K; Marcellino, G R; Gray, J C B; McLauchlan, R; Henson, D B; Young, L B; Patton, N; Charles, S J; Turner, G S; Stanga, P E

2010-11-01

To evaluate pain responses following Pascal 20 ms multi-spot and 100 ms single-spot panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). Single-centre randomised clinical trial. 40 eyes of 24 patients with treatment-naive proliferative diabetic retinopathy randomised to 20 and 100 ms PRP under topical 0.4% oxybuprocaine. A masked grader used a pain questionnaire within 1 h (numerical pain score (NPS)) and 1 month after treatment (numerical headache score (NHS)). Primary outcome measure was NPS immediately post-PRP. Secondary outcome measures were mean NHS scores and levels of photophobia reported within 4 weeks of primary PRP. Mean laser fluence was significantly lower using 20 ms PRP (4.8 J/cm²) compared to 100 ms PRP (11.8 J/cm²); p < 0.001). Mean NPS scores for treatment were 2.4 (2.3) (mild) for 20 ms PRP group compared to 4.9 (3.3) (moderate) in 100 ms PRP group-a significant difference (95% CI 4.3 to 0.68; p = 0.006). Mean NHS score within 1 month was 1.5 (2.7) in 20 ms PRP group compared to 3.2 (3.5) in the 100 ms PRP group (p < 0.05). The median duration of photophobia after 20 ms PRP was 3 h, and significantly less compared to 100 ms PRP after which 72 h of photophobia was reported (p < 0.001). Multi-spot 20 ms PRP was associated with significantly lower levels of anxiety, headache, pain and photophobia compared to 100 ms single-spot PRP treatment. Possible reasons include lower fluence, shorter-pulse duration, and spatial summation of laser nociception with multi-spot Pascal technique.

Big6 Turbotools and Synthesis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tooley, Melinda

2005-01-01

The different tools that are helpful during the Synthesis stage, their role in boosting students abilities in Synthesis and the way in which it can be customized to meet the needs of each group of students are discussed. Big6 TurboTools offers several tools to help complete the task. In Synthesis stage, these same tools along with Turbo Report and…

Using VirtualGL/TurboVNC Software on the Peregrine System |

Science.gov Websites

High-Performance Computing | NREL VirtualGL/TurboVNC Software on the Peregrine System Using , allowing users to access and share large-memory visualization nodes with high-end graphics processing units may be better than just using X11 forwarding when connecting from a remote site with low bandwidth and

14 CFR 121.645 - Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... specifications, no person may release for flight or takeoff a turbine-engine powered airplane (other than a turbo... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered... SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered...

14 CFR 121.645 - Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... specifications, no person may release for flight or takeoff a turbine-engine powered airplane (other than a turbo... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered... SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered...

14 CFR 121.645 - Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental operations. 121.645 Section 121.645 Aeronautics... SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered...

14 CFR 121.645 - Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental operations. 121.645 Section 121.645 Aeronautics... SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered...

14 CFR 121.645 - Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered airplanes, other than turbo propeller: Flag and supplemental operations. 121.645 Section 121.645 Aeronautics... SUPPLEMENTAL OPERATIONS Dispatching and Flight Release Rules § 121.645 Fuel supply: Turbine-engine powered...

Three-month validation of a turbuhaler electronic monitoring device: implications for asthma clinical trial use.

PubMed

Pilcher, Janine; Shirtcliffe, Philippa; Patel, Mitesh; McKinstry, Steve; Cripps, Terrianne; Weatherall, Mark; Beasley, Richard

2015-01-01

Electronic monitoring of inhaled asthma therapy is suggested as the 'gold standard' for measuring patterns of medication use in clinical trials. The SmartTurbo (Adherium (NZ) Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand) is an electronic monitor for use with a turbuhaler device (AstraZeneca, UK). The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the SmartTurbo in recording Symbicort actuations over a 12-week period of use. Twenty SmartTurbo monitors were attached to the base of 20 Symbicort turbuhalers. Bench testing in a research facility was undertaken on days 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 21, 28, 56 and 84. Patterns of 'low-use' (2 sets of 2 actuations on the same day) and 'high-use' (2 sets of 8 actuations on the same day) were performed. The date and time of actuations were recorded in a paper diary and compared with data uploaded from the SmartTurbo monitors. 2800 actuations were performed. Monitor sensitivity was 99.9% with a lower 97.5% confidence bound of 99.6%. The positive predictive value was 99.9% with a 97.5% lower confidence bound of 99.7%. Accuracy was not affected by whether the pattern of inhaler use was low or high, or whether there was a delay in uploading the actuation data. The SmartTurbo monitor is highly accurate in recording and retaining electronic data in this 12-week bench study. It can be recommended for use in clinical trial settings, in which quality control systems are incorporated into study protocols to ensure accurate data acquisition.

Engineering & Performance of DuoTurbo: Microturbine with Counter-Rotating Runners

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biner, D.; Hasmatuchi, V.; Violante, D.; Richard, S.; Chevailler, S.; Andolfatto, L.; Avellan, F.; Münch, C.

2016-11-01

Considering the nuclear phase-out strategy of several European countries and the future tendency to promote renewable energies, the exploitation of small hydropower sites (<10 MW) becomes increasingly important. In this framework DuoTurbo Turbine, a new DuoTurbo-microturbine prototype for drinking water networks has been jointly developed by the HES-SO Valais//Wallis, the EPFL-Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines and industrial partners. The modular in-line “plug & play” technology requires low investment, reaching economic feasibility with an available power between 5 kW and 25 kW. One stage of the microturbine consists of two axial counter-rotating runners that form a compact independent unit. Each runner of the turbine holds its own rim generator, the DuoTurbo-configuration involving that each hydraulic runner is integral with each electrical rotor. The possibility of stacking several stages in series enables covering quite a wide range of hydraulic power and, thus, recovering a maximum of energy dissipated in release valves of water supply systems. The present work introduces the global concept of the implemented prototype of the DuoTurbo-microturbine, to target a maximal injected power of 5 kW for a discharge of 9 l/s and a head of 24.5 m per stage. The main features of the hydraulic, the mechanical, the electrical and the electronic design are presented. The hydraulic performance is, then, assessed using CFD simulations for the expected operating range. Finally, the performance measurements of the single-stage prototype installed in the hydraulic test rig of the HES-SO Valais//Wallis are presented.

Pascal Liquid Phase in Electronic Waveguides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomczyk, M.; Briggeman, M.; Tylan-Tyler, A.; Huang, M.; Tian, B.; Pekker, D.; Lee, J.-W.; Lee, H.; Eom, C.-B.; Levy, J.

Clean one-dimensional electron transport has been observed in very few material systems. The development of exceptionally clean electron waveguides formed at the interface between complex oxides LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 enables low-dimensional transport to be explored with newfound flexibility. This material system not only supports ballistic 1D transport, but possesses a rich phase diagram and strong attractive electron-electron interactions which are not present in other solid-state systems. Here we report an unusual phenomenon in which quantized conductance increases by steps that themselves increase sequentially in multiples of e2 / h . The overall conductance exhibits a Pascal-like sequence: 1, 3, 6, 10... e2 / h , which we ascribe to ballistic transport of 1, 2, 3, 4 ... bunches of electrons. We will discuss how subband degeneracies can occur in non-interacting models that have carefully tuned parameters. Strong attractive interactions are required, however, for these subbands to lock together. This Pascal liquid phase provides a striking example of the consequences of strong attractive interactions in low-dimensional environments. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from AFOSR (FA9550-12-1- 0057 (JL) and FA9550-12-1-0342 (CBE)), ONR N00014-15-1-2847 (JL), and NSF DMR-1234096 (CBE).

Fan/Ram Duct Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-10-01

turbofan engine shutoff scheme, the ram duct flow conditions, and the Ian duct shutoff vane area transi- tion schedule. This loss will be...airflow. The performance of the turbofan is neglected until the main engine burner is ignited. At that time it is assumed that the turbo - fan...B. Transient Operation . . .. TRANSIENT TRANSITION TEST CASES A. Turbofan to Ramjet B. Ramjet to Turbo fan CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

LTE-Enhanced Cognitive Radio Network Testbed (LTE-CORNET)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-01

4 PERCENT_SUPPORTEDNAME FTE Equivalent: Total Number: Sub Contractors (DD882) Names of Personnel receiving masters degrees Names of personnel...Turbo, HT , 15M, 140W) Intel Core i7-3770 (3.4 GHz Quad Core, 77W) Dual Intel Xeon E5-2695 v4 (18C, 2.1GHz, 3.3GHz Turbo, 2400MHz, 45MB, 120W

Submersible Aircraft Concept Design Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-08-01

capable of submerging at the expense of in-air efficiency; 2. creating a low density submersible requiring dynamic lift to stay submerged at the...density solution would require some additional submergence force. Whilst dynamic lift underwater could be easily achieved by the already present...turbo-prop characteristics for the submersible aircraft concept. Turbo-props are typically specified in terms of shaft horse power ( shp ) rather than

Channel coding for underwater acoustic single-carrier CDMA communication system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Lanjun; Zhang, Yonglei; Zhang, Pengcheng; Zhou, Lin; Niu, Jiong

2017-01-01

CDMA is an effective multiple access protocol for underwater acoustic networks, and channel coding can effectively reduce the bit error rate (BER) of the underwater acoustic communication system. For the requirements of underwater acoustic mobile networks based on CDMA, an underwater acoustic single-carrier CDMA communication system (UWA/SCCDMA) based on the direct-sequence spread spectrum is proposed, and its channel coding scheme is studied based on convolution, RA, Turbo and LDPC coding respectively. The implementation steps of the Viterbi algorithm of convolutional coding, BP and minimum sum algorithms of RA coding, Log-MAP and SOVA algorithms of Turbo coding, and sum-product algorithm of LDPC coding are given. An UWA/SCCDMA simulation system based on Matlab is designed. Simulation results show that the UWA/SCCDMA based on RA, Turbo and LDPC coding have good performance such that the communication BER is all less than 10-6 in the underwater acoustic channel with low signal to noise ratio (SNR) from -12 dB to -10dB, which is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the convolutional coding. The system based on Turbo coding with Log-MAP algorithm has the best performance.

NNEPEQ: Chemical equilibrium version of the Navy/NASA Engine Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fishbach, Laurence H.; Gordon, Sanford

1988-01-01

The Navy NASA Engine Program, NNEP, currently is in use at a large number of government agencies, commercial companies and universities. This computer code has bee used extensively to calculate the design and off-design (matched) performance of a broad range of turbine engines, ranging from subsonic turboprops to variable cycle engines for supersonic transports. Recently, there has been increased interest in applications for which NNEP was not capable of simulating, namely, high Mach applications, alternate fuels including cryogenics, and cycles such as the gas generator air-turbo-rocker (ATR). In addition, there is interest in cycles employing ejectors such as for military fighters. New engine component models had to be created for incorporation into NNEP, and it was found necessary to include chemical dissociation effects of high temperature gases. The incorporation of these extended capabilities into NNEP is discussed and some of the effects of these changes are illustrated.

NNEPEQ - Chemical equilibrium version of the Navy/NASA Engine Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fishbach, L. H.; Gordon, S.

1989-01-01

The Navy NASA Engine Program, NNEP, currently is in use at a large number of government agencies, commercial companies and universities. This computer code has been used extensively to calculate the design and off-design (matched) performance of a broad range of turbine engines, ranging from subsonic turboprops to variable cycle engines for supersonic transports. Recently, there has been increased interest in applications for which NNEP was not capable of simulating, namely, high Mach applications, alternate fuels including cryogenics, and cycles such as the gas generator air-turbo-rocker (ATR). In addition, there is interest in cycles employing ejectors such as for military fighters. New engine component models had to be created for incorporation into NNEP, and it was found necessary to include chemical dissociation effects of high temperature gases. The incorporation of these extended capabilities into NNEP is discussed and some of the effects of these changes are illustrated.

[Artificial heart--turbo type blood pump for long-term use].

PubMed

Akamatsu, Teruaki

2003-05-01

Shortage of donor heart for transplantation necessitates long-term artificial assist heart. Turbo-pump is smaller, simpler and cheaper than the pulsatile displacement type pump, but the turbo-pump has defect of thrombus formation at the shaft seal. Our centrifugal pump with magnetically suspended impellers overcomes this defect and is ready for clinical trials now. The structures and functions are described and are compared with the other newly-developed pump of the same kinds with us. And also the pumps of centrifugal type and axial-type, of which impellers are supported by pivots, are reviewed briefly from the stand point for long-term use. Other pumps are referred too: pumps with hydrodynamic bearing and a pump with the shaft seal which is washed and cooled by saline solution.

Error Control Coding Techniques for Space and Satellite Communications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Costello, Daniel J., Jr.; Takeshita, Oscar Y.; Cabral, Hermano A.

1998-01-01

It is well known that the BER performance of a parallel concatenated turbo-code improves roughly as 1/N, where N is the information block length. However, it has been observed by Benedetto and Montorsi that for most parallel concatenated turbo-codes, the FER performance does not improve monotonically with N. In this report, we study the FER of turbo-codes, and the effects of their concatenation with an outer code. Two methods of concatenation are investigated: across several frames and within each frame. Some asymmetric codes are shown to have excellent FER performance with an information block length of 16384. We also show that the proposed outer coding schemes can improve the BER performance as well by eliminating pathological frames generated by the iterative MAP decoding process.

Trace element uptake and distribution in plants.

PubMed

Graham, Robin D; Stangoulis, James C R

2003-05-01

There are similarities between mammals and plants in the absorption and transport of trace elements. The chemistry of trace element uptake from food sources in both cases is based on the thermodynamics of adsorption on charged solid surfaces embedded in a solution phase of charged ions and metal-binding ligands together with redox systems in the case of iron and some other elements. Constitutive absorption systems function in nutrient uptake during normal conditions, and inducible "turbo" systems increase the supply of a particular nutrient during deficiency. Iron uptake is the most studied of the micronutrients, and divides the plant kingdom into two groups: dicotyledonous plants have a turbo system that is an upregulated version of the constitutive system, which consists of a membrane-bound reductase and an ATP-driven hydrogen ion extrusion pump; and monocotyledonous plants have a constitutive system similar to that of the dicots, but with an inducible system remarkably different that uses the mugeneic acid class of phytosiderophores (PS). The PS system may in fact be an important port of entry for iron from an iron-rich but exceedingly iron-insoluble lithosphere into the iron-starved biosphere. Absorption of trace metals in these graminaceous plants is normally via divalent ion channels after reduction in the plasma membrane. Once absorbed, iron can be stored in plants as phytoferritin or transported to active sites by transport-specific ligands. The transport of iron and zinc into seeds is dominated by the phloem sap system, which has a high pH that requires chelation of heavy metals. Loading into grains involves three or four genes each that control chelation, membrane transport and deposition as phytate.

NASA Electric Propulsion System Studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Felder, James L.

2015-01-01

An overview of NASA efforts in the area of hybrid electric and turboelectric propulsion in large transport. This overview includes a list of reasons why we are looking at transmitting some or all of the propulsive power for the aircraft electrically, a list of the different types of hybrid-turbo electric propulsion systems, and the results of 4 aircraft studies that examined different types of hybrid-turbo electric propulsion systems.

Scaling Study of Wave Rotor Turbo-normalization of a Small Internal Combustion Engine

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

14 Figure 6: Acceleration response of turbocharger versus Comprex...for increased engine performance. Turbo-normalization can be accomplished through the addition of a turbocharger , supercharger, or a pressure wave... turbocharger over the same test regime (12). The Comprex® was first used on a passenger car in 1978 on an Opel 2.1 liter diesel engine (13). In 1987

Improvement of the Performance of a Turbo-Ramjet Engine for UAV and Missile Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-12-01

Improvement of the Performance of a Turbo-Ramjet Engine for UAV and Missile Applications 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR ( S ) Dimitrios...Krikellas 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT...NUMBER 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) N/A 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11

Three-month validation of a turbuhaler electronic monitoring device: implications for asthma clinical trial use

PubMed Central

Pilcher, Janine; Shirtcliffe, Philippa; Patel, Mitesh; McKinstry, Steve; Cripps, Terrianne; Weatherall, Mark; Beasley, Richard

2015-01-01

Background Electronic monitoring of inhaled asthma therapy is suggested as the ‘gold standard’ for measuring patterns of medication use in clinical trials. The SmartTurbo (Adherium (NZ) Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand) is an electronic monitor for use with a turbuhaler device (AstraZeneca, UK). The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the SmartTurbo in recording Symbicort actuations over a 12-week period of use. Methods Twenty SmartTurbo monitors were attached to the base of 20 Symbicort turbuhalers. Bench testing in a research facility was undertaken on days 0, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 21, 28, 56 and 84. Patterns of ‘low-use’ (2 sets of 2 actuations on the same day) and ‘high-use’ (2 sets of 8 actuations on the same day) were performed. The date and time of actuations were recorded in a paper diary and compared with data uploaded from the SmartTurbo monitors. Results 2800 actuations were performed. Monitor sensitivity was 99.9% with a lower 97.5% confidence bound of 99.6%. The positive predictive value was 99.9% with a 97.5% lower confidence bound of 99.7%. Accuracy was not affected by whether the pattern of inhaler use was low or high, or whether there was a delay in uploading the actuation data. Conclusions The SmartTurbo monitor is highly accurate in recording and retaining electronic data in this 12-week bench study. It can be recommended for use in clinical trial settings, in which quality control systems are incorporated into study protocols to ensure accurate data acquisition. PMID:26629345

Design of Portable Mass Spectrometers with Handheld Probes: Aspects of the Sampling and Miniature Pumping Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Chien-Hsun; Chen, Tsung-Chi; Zhou, Xiaoyu; Kline-Schoder, Robert; Sorensen, Paul; Cooks, R. Graham; Ouyang, Zheng

2015-02-01

Miniature mass spectrometry analytical systems of backpack configuration fitted with sampling probes could potentially be of significant interest for in-field, real-time chemical analysis. In this study, various configurations were explored in which a long narrow tube was used to connect the turbo and backing pumps used to create and maintain vacuum. Also, for the first time we introduced two new types of pumps for miniature mass spectrometers, the Creare 130 g drag pump and Creare 350 g scroll backing pump. These pumps, along with another Creare 550 turbo pump and the commercially available Pfeiffer HiPace 10 turbo and KnF diaphragm backing pumps, were tested with the backpack configurations. The system performance, especially the scan time, was characterized when used with a discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) for ion introduction. The pumping performance in the pressure region above 1 mtorr is critical for DAPI operation. The 550 g turbo pump was shown to have a relatively higher pumping speed above 1 mtorr and gave a scan time of 300 ms, almost half the value obtained with the larger, heavier HiPace 10 often used with miniature mass spectrometers. The 350 g scroll pump was also found to be an improvement over the diaphragm pumps generally used as backing pumps. With a coaxial low temperature plasma ion source, direct analysis of low volatility compounds glass slides was demonstrated, including 1 ng DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) and 10 ng TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) with Creare 550 g turbo pump as well as 10 ng cocaine and 20 ng DNP with Creare 130 g drag pump.

Design of Portable Mass Spectrometers with Handheld Probes: Aspects of the Sampling and Miniature Pumping Systems

PubMed Central

Chen, Chien-Hsun; Chen, Tsung-Chi; Zhou, Xiaoyu; Kline-Schoder, Robert; Sorensen, Paul; Cooks, R. Graham; Ouyang, Zheng

2014-01-01

Miniature mass spectrometry analytical systems of backpack configuration fitted with sampling probes could potentially be of significant interest for in-field, real-time chemical analysis. In this study, various configurations were explored in which a long narrow tube was used to connect the turbo and backing pumps used to create and maintain vacuum. Also, for the first time we introduced two new types of pumps for miniature mass spectrometers, the Creare 130g drag pump and Creare 350g scroll backing pump. These pumps, along with another Creare 550 turbo pump and the commercially available Pfeiffer HiPace 10 turbo and KnF diaphragm backing pumps, were tested with the backpack configurations. The system performance, especially the scan time, was characterized when used with a discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) for ion introduction. The pumping performance in the pressure region above 1 mtorr is critical for DAPI operation. The 550g turbo pump was shown to have a relatively higher pumping speed above 1 mtorr and gave a scan time of 300 ms, almost half the value obtained with the larger, heavier HiPace 10 often used with miniature mass spectrometers. The 350 g scroll pump was also found to be an improvement over the diaphragm pumps generally used as backing pumps. With a coaxial low temperature plasma ion source, direct analysis of low volatility compounds glass slides was demonstrated, including 1 ng DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) and 10ng TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) with Creare 550g turbo pump as well as 10 ng cocaine and 20 ng DNP with Creare 130g drag pump. PMID:25404157

Design of portable mass spectrometers with handheld probes: aspects of the sampling and miniature pumping systems.

PubMed

Chen, Chien-Hsun; Chen, Tsung-Chi; Zhou, Xiaoyu; Kline-Schoder, Robert; Sorensen, Paul; Cooks, R Graham; Ouyang, Zheng

2015-02-01

Miniature mass spectrometry analytical systems of backpack configuration fitted with sampling probes could potentially be of significant interest for in-field, real-time chemical analysis. In this study, various configurations were explored in which a long narrow tube was used to connect the turbo and backing pumps used to create and maintain vacuum. Also, for the first time we introduced two new types of pumps for miniature mass spectrometers, the Creare 130 g drag pump and Creare 350 g scroll backing pump. These pumps, along with another Creare 550 turbo pump and the commercially available Pfeiffer HiPace 10 turbo and KnF diaphragm backing pumps, were tested with the backpack configurations. The system performance, especially the scan time, was characterized when used with a discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) for ion introduction. The pumping performance in the pressure region above 1 mtorr is critical for DAPI operation. The 550 g turbo pump was shown to have a relatively higher pumping speed above 1 mtorr and gave a scan time of 300 ms, almost half the value obtained with the larger, heavier HiPace 10 often used with miniature mass spectrometers. The 350 g scroll pump was also found to be an improvement over the diaphragm pumps generally used as backing pumps. With a coaxial low temperature plasma ion source, direct analysis of low volatility compounds glass slides was demonstrated, including 1 ng DNP (2,4-Dinitrophenol) and 10 ng TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) with Creare 550 g turbo pump as well as 10 ng cocaine and 20 ng DNP with Creare 130 g drag pump.

Performance of turbo high-pitch dual-source CT for coronary CT angiography: first ex vivo and patient experience.

PubMed

Morsbach, Fabian; Gordic, Sonja; Desbiolles, Lotus; Husarik, Daniela; Frauenfelder, Thomas; Schmidt, Bernhard; Allmendinger, Thomas; Wildermuth, Simon; Alkadhi, Hatem; Leschka, Sebastian

2014-08-01

To evaluate image quality, maximal heart rate allowing for diagnostic imaging, and radiation dose of turbo high-pitch dual-source coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). First, a cardiac motion phantom simulating heart rates (HRs) from 60-90 bpm in 5-bpm steps was examined on a third-generation dual-source 192-slice CT (prospective ECG-triggering, pitch 3.2; rotation time, 250 ms). Subjective image quality regarding the presence of motion artefacts was interpreted by two readers on a four-point scale (1, excellent; 4, non-diagnostic). Objective image quality was assessed by calculating distortion vectors. Thereafter, 20 consecutive patients (median, 50 years) undergoing clinically indicated CCTA were included. In the phantom study, image quality was rated diagnostic up to the HR75 bpm, with object distortion being 1 mm or less. Distortion increased above 1 mm at HR of 80-90 bpm. Patients had a mean HR of 66 bpm (47-78 bpm). Coronary segments were of diagnostic image quality for all patients with HR up to 73 bpm. Average effective radiation dose in patients was 0.6 ± 0.3 mSv. Our combined phantom and patient study indicates that CCTA with turbo high-pitch third-generation dual-source 192-slice CT can be performed at HR up to 75 bpm while maintaining diagnostic image quality, being associated with an average radiation dose of 0.6 mSv. • CCTA is feasible with the turbo high-pitch mode. • Turbo high-pitch CCTA provides diagnostic image quality up to 73 bpm. • The radiation dose of high-pitch CCTA is 0.6 mSv on average.

Evaluation of Image Quality in Three-dimensional Fat-suppressed T1-weighted Images with Fast Acquisition Mode for Upper Abdomen.

PubMed

Saito, Shigeyoshi; Tanaka, Keiko; Tarewaki, Hiroyuki; Koyama, Yoshihiro; Hashido, Takashi

2016-01-01

We compared the uniformity of fat-suppression and image quality using three-dimensional fat-suppressed T 1 -weighted gradient-echo sequences that are liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) and Turbo-LAVA at 3.0T-MRI. The subjects were seven patients with liver disease (mean age, 66.7±8.2 years). The axial slices of two LAVA sequences were used for the comparison of the uniformity of fat-suppression and image quality at a region-of-interest (ROI) of the liver dome, the porta, and the renal hilum. To yield a quantitative measurement of the uniformity of fat suppression, the percentage standard deviation (%SD) was calculated by comparing two sequences. For image signal to noise ratio (SNR), the contrast between the liver and fat (C liver-fat ), and the liver and muscle (C liver-muscle ), the other ROIs were placed in the superficial fat, liver, spleen, pancreas, and muscle. The %SD in Turbo-LAVA (28.1±16.8%) was lower than that in LAVA (41.5±13.4%). The SNRs in Turbo-LAVA (17.8±4.1 [liver], 12.5±3.0 [pancreas], 14.7±1.6 [spleen], 8.2±3.5 [fat]) were lower than those in LAVA (20.9±6.1 [liver], 16.8±4.1 [pancreas], 17.4±2.4 [spleen], 12.0±4.5 [fat]). While, the C liver-fat in the Turbo-LAVA (0.72±0.06) was significantly higher than that in LAVA (0.59±0.07). Turbo-LAVA sequence offers superior and more homogenous fat-suppression in comparison to LAVA sequence.

Heart of the Hearth: Making the Popular Clean, Not the Clean Popular - Technology Research, Development, and Tools for Clean Biomass Cookstoves

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gist, Ryan

This technical report summarizes the work completed by BioLite in fulfilment of the US DOE EERE award. The work plan focused on three key objectives: developing an optimized combustion system that demonstrates high combustion efficiency and low PM 2.5 and CO emissions, integrate the system into popular stove phenotypes – side-fed rocket stove architecture like the BioLite HomeStove, and the Patsari chimney stove in Mexico such that they maintain their important phenotypical characteristics, independently evaluate quantitative fuel and emissions performance of the integrated ‘Turbo-Patsari’ in Mexican households. The project activities were organized into six major tasks: A. Develop, fabricate, andmore » test proof-of-concept prototypes B. Develop field prototypes, assess user feedback and field performance C. Define revised stove design for pre-production model, Identify manufacturing requirements and estimated cost to build, Conduct reliability, emissions, and performance testing of pre-production Turbo-Patsari D. Build pre-production Turbo-Patsari stove combustion cores E. Conduct pre-production field trials F. Summarize field trial results and evaluate Turbo-Patsari for potential volume production. A two-pronged approach was adopted for the above tasks. The first involved building a modular test platform that allowed parametric variation of multiple stove design parameters that directly affect its performance – heat output, thermal efficiency, and emissions. The second part of the approach comprised of building a surrogate Patsari based on GIRA’s specifications that could then be modified or retrofitted for optimum performance based on the learnings from the modular test platform. The following sections of the report will describe the findings of tests on these platform, the subsequent development, design, and installation of the Turbo-Patsari, and finally the in-home field trial.« less

Development of an Aeroelastic Code Based on an Euler/Navier-Stokes Aerodynamic Solver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bakhle, Milind A.; Srivastava, Rakesh; Keith, Theo G., Jr.; Stefko, George L.; Janus, Mark J.

1996-01-01

This paper describes the development of an aeroelastic code (TURBO-AE) based on an Euler/Navier-Stokes unsteady aerodynamic analysis. A brief review of the relevant research in the area of propulsion aeroelasticity is presented. The paper briefly describes the original Euler/Navier-Stokes code (TURBO) and then details the development of the aeroelastic extensions. The aeroelastic formulation is described. The modeling of the dynamics of the blade using a modal approach is detailed, along with the grid deformation approach used to model the elastic deformation of the blade. The work-per-cycle approach used to evaluate aeroelastic stability is described. Representative results used to verify the code are presented. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the development thus far, and some plans for further development and validation of the TURBO-AE code.

Investigations on the sensitivity of the computer code TURBO-2D

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amon, B.

1994-12-01

The two-dimensional computer model TURBO-2D for the calculation of two-phase flow was used to calculate the cold injection of fuel into a model chamber. Investigations of the influence of the input parameter on its sensitivity relative to the obtained results were made. In addition to that calculations were performed and compared using experimental injection pressure data and corresponding averaged injection parameter.

Structural design and analysis of a Mach zero to five turbo-ramjet system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spoth, Kevin A.; Moses, Paul L.

1993-01-01

The paper discusses the structural design and analysis of a Mach zero to five turbo-ramjet propulsion system for a Mach five waverider-derived cruise vehicle. The level of analysis detail necessary for a credible conceptual design is shown. The results of a finite-element failure mode sizing analysis for the engine primary structure is presented. The importance of engine/airframe integration is also discussed.

National Aerospace Leadership Initiative - Phase I

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-30

Devised and validated CFD code for operation of a micro-channel heat exchanger. The work was published at the 2008 AIAA Annual Meeting and Exposition...and (3) preparation to implement this algorithm in TURBO. Heat Transfer Capability In the short and medium term, the following plan has been adopted...to provide heat transfer capability to the TURBO code: • Incorporation of a constant wall temperature boundary condition. This capability will be

A Numerical Investigation of Turbine Noise Source Hierarchy and Its Acoustic Transmission Characteristics: Proof-of-Concept Progress

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

VanZante, Dale; Envia, Edmane

2008-01-01

A CFD-based simulation of single-stage turbine was done using the TURBO code to assess its viability for determining acoustic transmission through blade rows. Temporal and spectral analysis of the unsteady pressure data from the numerical simulations showed the allowable Tyler-Sofrin modes that are consistent with expectations. This indicated that high-fidelity acoustic transmission calculations are feasible with TURBO.

Liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry of beta-carotene and xanthophylls. Validation of the analytical method.

PubMed

Careri, M; Elviri, L; Mangia, A

1999-08-27

The investigation of beta-carotene and the xanthophylls beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin using reversed-phase liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry interfaced with TurboIonspray (LC-TurboISP-MS) is described. Two narrow-bore C18 columns connected in series and an isocratic solvent system containing acetonitrile-methanol (0.1 M ammonium acetate)-dichloromethane at a flow-rate of 300 microl/min (without splitting) were used. Operating in the positive-ion mode over m/z 500-650, the effects on the formation of the molecular ion species or adduct ions and the MS detector response were investigated for carotenoids, varying the orifice plate voltage, the ring voltage and the ISP voltage. Both conventional ISP and TurboISP were performed; using the TurboISP-MS system, ionization efficiency increased with respect to ISP-MS, particularly at the highest temperature (500 degrees C). Good results were particularly obtained for beta-carotene, which was detectable at the low ng level, without the use of solution-phase oxidants. Using LC columns and acquiring in single-ion monitoring mode, detection limits were estimated to be in the 0.1-1 ng range; dynamic range was established between one- and two-orders of magnitude. Better sensitivity under positive-ion than negative-ion conditions was demonstrated.

Numerical analysis of the static performance of an annular aerostatic gas thrust bearing applied in the cryogenic turbo-expander of the EAST subsystem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lai, Tianwei; Fu, Bao; Chen, Shuangtao; Zhang, Qiyong; Hou, Yu

2017-02-01

The EAST superconducting tokamak, an advanced steady-state plasma physics experimental device, has been built at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. All the toroidal field magnets and poloidal field magnets, made of NbTi/Cu cable-in-conduit conductor, are cooled with forced flow supercritical helium at 3.8 K. The cryogenic system of EAST consists of a 2 kW/4 K helium refrigerator and a helium distribution system for the cooling of coils, structures, thermal shields, bus-lines, etc. The high-speed turbo-expander is an important refrigerating component of the EAST cryogenic system. In the turbo-expander, the axial supporting technology is critical for the smooth operation of the rotor bearing system. In this paper, hydrostatic thrust bearings are designed based on the axial load of the turbo-expander. Thereafter, a computational fluid dynamics-based numerical model of the aerostatic thrust bearing is set up to evaluate the bearing performance. Tilting effect on the pressure distribution and bearing load is analyzed for the thrust bearing. Bearing load and stiffness are compared with different static supply pressures. The net force from the thrust bearings can be calculated for different combinations of bearing clearance and supply pressure.

Validation of Heat Transfer and Film Cooling Capabilities of the 3-D RANS Code TURBO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shyam, Vikram; Ameri, Ali; Chen, Jen-Ping

2010-01-01

The capabilities of the 3-D unsteady RANS code TURBO have been extended to include heat transfer and film cooling applications. The results of simulations performed with the modified code are compared to experiment and to theory, where applicable. Wilcox s k-turbulence model has been implemented to close the RANS equations. Two simulations are conducted: (1) flow over a flat plate and (2) flow over an adiabatic flat plate cooled by one hole inclined at 35 to the free stream. For (1) agreement with theory is found to be excellent for heat transfer, represented by local Nusselt number, and quite good for momentum, as represented by the local skin friction coefficient. This report compares the local skin friction coefficients and Nusselt numbers on a flat plate obtained using Wilcox's k-model with the theory of Blasius. The study looks at laminar and turbulent flows over an adiabatic flat plate and over an isothermal flat plate for two different wall temperatures. It is shown that TURBO is able to accurately predict heat transfer on a flat plate. For (2) TURBO shows good qualitative agreement with film cooling experiments performed on a flat plate with one cooling hole. Quantitatively, film effectiveness is under predicted downstream of the hole.

SURE - SEMI-MARKOV UNRELIABILITY RANGE EVALUATOR (VAX VMS VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, R. W.

1994-01-01

The Semi-Markov Unreliability Range Evaluator, SURE, is an analysis tool for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems. Traditional reliability analyses are based on aggregates of fault-handling and fault-occurrence models. SURE provides an efficient means for calculating accurate upper and lower bounds for the death state probabilities for a large class of semi-Markov models, not just those which can be reduced to critical-pair architectures. The calculated bounds are close enough (usually within 5 percent of each other) for use in reliability studies of ultra-reliable computer systems. The SURE bounding theorems have algebraic solutions and are consequently computationally efficient even for large and complex systems. SURE can optionally regard a specified parameter as a variable over a range of values, enabling an automatic sensitivity analysis. Highly reliable systems employ redundancy and reconfiguration as methods of ensuring operation. When such systems are modeled stochastically, some state transitions are orders of magnitude faster than others; that is, fault recovery is usually faster than fault arrival. SURE takes these time differences into account. Slow transitions are described by exponential functions and fast transitions are modeled by either the White or Lee theorems based on means, variances, and percentiles. The user must assign identifiers to every state in the system and define all transitions in the semi-Markov model. SURE input statements are composed of variables and constants related by FORTRAN-like operators such as =, +, *, SIN, EXP, etc. There are a dozen major commands such as READ, READO, SAVE, SHOW, PRUNE, TRUNCate, CALCulator, and RUN. Once the state transitions have been defined, SURE calculates the upper and lower probability bounds for entering specified death states within a specified mission time. SURE output is tabular. The mathematical approach chosen to solve a reliability problem may vary with the size and nature of the problem. Although different solution techniques are utilized on different programs, it is possible to have a common input language. The Systems Validation Methods group at NASA Langley Research Center has created a set of programs that form the basis for a reliability analysis workstation. The set of programs are: SURE reliability analysis program (COSMIC program LAR-13789, LAR-14921); the ASSIST specification interface program (LAR-14193, LAR-14923), PAWS/STEM reliability analysis programs (LAR-14165, LAR-14920); and the FTC fault tree tool (LAR-14586, LAR-14922). FTC is used to calculate the top-event probability for a fault tree. PAWS/STEM and SURE are programs which interpret the same SURE language, but utilize different solution methods. ASSIST is a preprocessor that generates SURE language from a more abstract definition. SURE, ASSIST, and PAWS/STEM are also offered as a bundle. Please see the abstract for COS-10039/COS-10041, SARA - SURE/ASSIST Reliability Analysis Workstation, for pricing details. SURE was originally developed for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and was later ported for use on Sun computers running SunOS. The VMS version (LAR13789) is written in PASCAL, C-language, and FORTRAN 77. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of SURE is a 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tape in VMSINSTAL format. It is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in VMSINSTAL format. Executables are included. The Sun UNIX version (LAR14921) is written in ANSI C-language and PASCAL. An ANSI compliant C compiler is required in order to compile the C portion of this package. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version of SURE is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Both Sun3 and Sun4 executables are included. SURE was developed in 1988 and last updated in 1992. DEC, VAX, VMS, and TK50 are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. TEMPLATE is a registered trademark of Template Graphics Software, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratories. Sun3 and Sun4 are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

SURE - SEMI-MARKOV UNRELIABILITY RANGE EVALUATOR (SUN VERSION)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butler, R. W.

1994-01-01

The Semi-Markov Unreliability Range Evaluator, SURE, is an analysis tool for reconfigurable, fault-tolerant systems. Traditional reliability analyses are based on aggregates of fault-handling and fault-occurrence models. SURE provides an efficient means for calculating accurate upper and lower bounds for the death state probabilities for a large class of semi-Markov models, not just those which can be reduced to critical-pair architectures. The calculated bounds are close enough (usually within 5 percent of each other) for use in reliability studies of ultra-reliable computer systems. The SURE bounding theorems have algebraic solutions and are consequently computationally efficient even for large and complex systems. SURE can optionally regard a specified parameter as a variable over a range of values, enabling an automatic sensitivity analysis. Highly reliable systems employ redundancy and reconfiguration as methods of ensuring operation. When such systems are modeled stochastically, some state transitions are orders of magnitude faster than others; that is, fault recovery is usually faster than fault arrival. SURE takes these time differences into account. Slow transitions are described by exponential functions and fast transitions are modeled by either the White or Lee theorems based on means, variances, and percentiles. The user must assign identifiers to every state in the system and define all transitions in the semi-Markov model. SURE input statements are composed of variables and constants related by FORTRAN-like operators such as =, +, *, SIN, EXP, etc. There are a dozen major commands such as READ, READO, SAVE, SHOW, PRUNE, TRUNCate, CALCulator, and RUN. Once the state transitions have been defined, SURE calculates the upper and lower probability bounds for entering specified death states within a specified mission time. SURE output is tabular. The mathematical approach chosen to solve a reliability problem may vary with the size and nature of the problem. Although different solution techniques are utilized on different programs, it is possible to have a common input language. The Systems Validation Methods group at NASA Langley Research Center has created a set of programs that form the basis for a reliability analysis workstation. The set of programs are: SURE reliability analysis program (COSMIC program LAR-13789, LAR-14921); the ASSIST specification interface program (LAR-14193, LAR-14923), PAWS/STEM reliability analysis programs (LAR-14165, LAR-14920); and the FTC fault tree tool (LAR-14586, LAR-14922). FTC is used to calculate the top-event probability for a fault tree. PAWS/STEM and SURE are programs which interpret the same SURE language, but utilize different solution methods. ASSIST is a preprocessor that generates SURE language from a more abstract definition. SURE, ASSIST, and PAWS/STEM are also offered as a bundle. Please see the abstract for COS-10039/COS-10041, SARA - SURE/ASSIST Reliability Analysis Workstation, for pricing details. SURE was originally developed for DEC VAX series computers running VMS and was later ported for use on Sun computers running SunOS. The VMS version (LAR13789) is written in PASCAL, C-language, and FORTRAN 77. The standard distribution medium for the VMS version of SURE is a 9-track 1600 BPI magnetic tape in VMSINSTAL format. It is also available on a TK50 tape cartridge in VMSINSTAL format. Executables are included. The Sun UNIX version (LAR14921) is written in ANSI C-language and PASCAL. An ANSI compliant C compiler is required in order to compile the C portion of this package. The standard distribution medium for the Sun version of SURE is a .25 inch streaming magnetic tape cartridge in UNIX tar format. Both Sun3 and Sun4 executables are included. SURE was developed in 1988 and last updated in 1992. DEC, VAX, VMS, and TK50 are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. TEMPLATE is a registered trademark of Template Graphics Software, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratories. Sun3 and Sun4 are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Design and optimization of hot-filling pasteurization conditions: Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) fruit pulp case study.

PubMed

Silva, Filipa V M; Martins, Rui C; Silva, Cristina L M

2003-01-01

Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) is an Amazonian tropical fruit with a great economic potential. Pasteurization, by a hot-filling technique, was suggested for the preservation of this fruit pulp at room temperature. The process was implemented with local communities in Brazil. The process was modeled, and a computer program was written in Turbo Pascal. The relative importance among the pasteurization process variables (initial product temperature, heating rate, holding temperature and time, container volume and shape, cooling medium type and temperature) on the microbial target and quality was investigated, by performing simulations according to a screening factorial design. Afterward, simulations of the different processing conditions were carried out. The holding temperature (T(F)) and time (t(hold)) affected pasteurization value (P), and the container volume (V) influenced largely the quality parameters. The process was optimized for retail (1 L) and industrial (100 L) size containers, by maximizing volume average quality in terms of color lightness and sensory "fresh notes" and minimizing volume average total color difference and sensory "cooked notes". Equivalent processes were designed and simulated (P(91)( degrees )(C) = 4.6 min on Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris spores) and final quality (color, flavor, and aroma attributes) was evaluated. Color was slightly affected by the pasteurization processes, and few differences were observed between the six equivalent treatments designed (T(F) between 80 and 97 degrees C). T(F) >/= 91 degrees C minimized "cooked notes" and maximized "fresh notes" of cupuaçu pulp aroma and flavor for 1 L container. Concerning the 100 L size, the "cooked notes" development can be minimized with T(F) >/= 91 degrees C, but overall the quality was greatly degraded as a result of the long cooling times. A more efficient method to speed up the cooling phase was recommended, especially for the industrial size of containers.

Pilot randomised clinical trial of Pascal TargETEd Retinal versus variable fluence PANretinal 20 ms laser in diabetic retinopathy: PETER PAN study.

PubMed

Muqit, Mahiul M K; Young, Lorna B; McKenzie, Rod; John, Binu; Marcellino, George R; Henson, David B; Turner, George S; Stanga, Paulo E

2013-02-01

To investigate the short-term effects of high-density 20-ms laser on macular thickness using Pascal-targeted retinal photocoagulation (TRP) and reduced fluence/minimally-traumatic panretinal photocoagulation (MT-PRP) compared to standard-intensity PRP (SI-PRP) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Prospective randomised clinical trial. Treatment-naive PDR was treated with single-session 20-ms Pascal 2500 burns photocoagulation randomised to one of three treatment arms (TRP:MT-PRP:SI-PRP). Primary outcome measure was change in central retinal thickness (CRT) on OCT. Secondary outcomes at 4 and 12 weeks post-laser included: OCT peripapillary nerve fibre layer (NFL) thickness; PDR disease regression on Optos angiography; SITA-Std visual fields (VF); and, visual acuity (VA). 30 eyes of 24 patients were studied, ten eyes/arm. At 12 weeks, there were significant reductions in CRT after TRP (9.6 µm; 95% CI, 1.84 to 17.36; p=0.021) and MT-PRP (17.1 µm; 95% CI, 11 to 23.2; p=0.001), versus SI-PRP (+5.9 µm; 95% CI, -6.75 to 18.55; p=0.32). PDR regression was similar between groups (TRP 70%; MT-PRP 70%; SI-PRP 90%; κ=0.76). No significant changes in VA and NFL thickness developed between groups. The VF mean deviation scores increased significantly in all groups at 12 weeks ([TRP, +0.70dB; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.48; p=0.07], [MT-PRP, +0.63dB; 95% CI, 0.12 to 1.15; p=0.02], [SI-PRP, +1.0dB; 95% CI, 0.19 to 1.74; p=0.02]). There were no laser-related ocular complications. This pilot study reports that high-density 20-ms Pascal TRP and MT-PRP using 2500 burns did not produce increased macular thickness or any ocular adverse events during the short-term.

Sustained Release Oral Nanoformulated Green Tea for Prostate Cancer Prevention

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

31.25 ng/ml. The calibration samples were measured twice. The HPLC was a Shimadzu Prominence LC system containing a CBM-20A system controller...MDS SCIEX Ontario, Canada) equipped with a Turbo V Source and Turbo Ion Spray was coupled to the HPLC . The mass spectrometer was operated in...treated mice were subjected to HPLC and GC mass spectrometry for analysis of pharmacokinetic distribution of EGCG and bioavailability. Though we have

Design and Testing of a Combustor for a Turbo-Ramjet Engine for UAV and Missile Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-03-01

CA, September 1999. 6. Al- Namani , S . M., Development of Shrouded Turbojet to Form a Turboramjet for Future Missile Applications, Master’s Thesis...Turbo- ramjet Engine for UAV and Missile Applications 6. AUTHOR( S ) Ross H. Piper III 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME( S ) AND...ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME( S

Operational safety assessment of turbo generators with wavelet Rényi entropy from sensor-dependent vibration signals.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiaoli; Wang, Baojian; Chen, Xuefeng

2015-04-16

With the rapid development of sensor technology, various professional sensors are installed on modern machinery to monitor operational processes and assure operational safety, which play an important role in industry and society. In this work a new operational safety assessment approach with wavelet Rényi entropy utilizing sensor-dependent vibration signals is proposed. On the basis of a professional sensor and the corresponding system, sensor-dependent vibration signals are acquired and analyzed by a second generation wavelet package, which reflects time-varying operational characteristic of individual machinery. Derived from the sensor-dependent signals' wavelet energy distribution over the observed signal frequency range, wavelet Rényi entropy is defined to compute the operational uncertainty of a turbo generator, which is then associated with its operational safety degree. The proposed method is applied in a 50 MW turbo generator, whereupon it is proved to be reasonable and effective for operation and maintenance.

[99 percent of history].

PubMed

Sörlin, S

1994-01-01

This text is a slightly edited version of a lecture given when the author was installed as professor of environmental history at Umeå University on October 9, 1993. The author sketches tendencies in historical research--the Annales-school and the historiography of the West in the United States--leading up to the formation of environmental history as an independent field of research during the last quarter century. He comments on some recent examples of excellent scholarship--works by Alfred Crosby, Carolyn Merchant, Donald Worster--before turning to an older tradition of environmental description in 19th century geography, geology and the life sciences. He then puts environmental investigations into the framework of a general history of science starting with John Evelyn's study of the quality of the London air, published in 1661, but also mentioning major naturalists and thinkers such as Pascal, Linnaeus, Haeckel, and Humboldt. The author finally takes up the theme of biodiversity, indicating that a history of the environment and of the environmental sciences also has implications for how nature is treated today and how it will be treated in the future.

Shock-produced olivine glass: First observation

USGS Publications Warehouse

Jeanloz, R.; Ahrens, T.J.; Lally, J.S.; Nord, G.L.; Christie, J.M.; Heuer, A.H.

1977-01-01

Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations of an experimentally shock-deformed single crystal of natural peridot, (Mg0.88Fe 0.12SiO4 recovered from peak pressures of about 56 ?? 109 pascals revealed the presence of amorphous zones located within crystalline regions with a high density of tangled dislocations. This is the first reported observation ofolivine glass. The shocked sample exhibits a wide variation in the degree of shock deformation on a small scale, and the glass appears to be intimately associated with the highest density of dislocations. This study suggests that olivine glass may be formed as a result of shock at pressures above about 50 to 55 ?? 109 pascals and that further TEM observations of naturally shocked olivines may demonstrate the presence of glass.

Formal specification and mechanical verification of SIFT - A fault-tolerant flight control system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Melliar-Smith, P. M.; Schwartz, R. L.

1982-01-01

The paper describes the methodology being employed to demonstrate rigorously that the SIFT (software-implemented fault-tolerant) computer meets its requirements. The methodology uses a hierarchy of design specifications, expressed in the mathematical domain of multisorted first-order predicate calculus. The most abstract of these, from which almost all details of mechanization have been removed, represents the requirements on the system for reliability and intended functionality. Successive specifications in the hierarchy add design and implementation detail until the PASCAL programs implementing the SIFT executive are reached. A formal proof that a SIFT system in a 'safe' state operates correctly despite the presence of arbitrary faults has been completed all the way from the most abstract specifications to the PASCAL program.

A Random Variable Transformation Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scheuermann, Larry

1989-01-01

Provides a short BASIC program, RANVAR, which generates random variates for various theoretical probability distributions. The seven variates include: uniform, exponential, normal, binomial, Poisson, Pascal, and triangular. (MVL)

Development of cooling system for 66/6.9kV-20MVA REBCO superconducting transformers with Ne turbo-Brayton refrigerator and subcooled liquid nitrogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iwakuma, M.; Adachi, K.; Yun, K.; Yoshida, K.; Sato, S.; Suzuki, Y.; Umeno, T.; Konno, M.; Hayashi, H.; Eguchi, T.; Izumi, T.; Shiohara, Y.

2015-12-01

We developed a turbo-Brayton refrigerator with Ne gas as a working fluid for a 3 ϕ- 66/6.9kV-2MVA superconducting transformer with coated conductors which was bath-cooled with subcooled LN2. The two-stage compressor and expansion turbine had non-contact magnetic bearings for a long maintenance interval. In the future, we intend to directly install a heat exchanger into the Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Plastics cryostat of a transformer and make a heat exchange between the working fluid gas and subcooled LN2. In this paper we investigate the behaviour of subcooled LN2 in a test cryostat, in which heater coils were arranged side by side with a flat plate finned-tube heat exchanger. Here a He turbo-Brayton refrigerator was used as a substitute for a Ne turbo-Brayton one. The pressure at the surface of LN2 in the cryostat was one atmosphere. Just under the LN2 surface, a stationary layer of LN2 was created over the depth of 20 cm and temperature dropped from 77 K to 65 K with depth while, in the lower level than that, a natural convection flow of LN2 was formed and temperature was almost uniform over 1 m depth. The boundary plane between the stationary layer and the natural convection region was visible.

Development of elements of the condition monitoring system of turbo generators of thermal power stations and nuclear power plants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumenko, A. I.; Kostyukov, V. N.; Kuz'minykh, N. Yu.; Boichenko, S. N.; Timin, A. V.

2017-08-01

The rationale is given for the improvement of the regulatory framework for the use of shaft sensors for the in-service condition monitoring of turbo generators and the development of control systems of shaft surfacing and misalignments of supports. A modern concept and a set of methods are proposed for the condition monitoring of the "shaft line-thrust bearing oil film-turbo generator supports" system elements based on the domestic COMPACS® technology. The system raw data are design, technology, installation, and operating parameters of the turbo generator as well as measured parameters of the absolute vibration of supports and mechanical quantities, relative displacements and relative vibration of the rotor teeth in accordance with GOST R 55263-2012. The precalculated shaft line assembly line in the cold state, the nominal parameters of rotor teeth positions on the dynamic equilibrium curve, the static and dynamic characteristics of the oil film of thrust bearings, and the shaft line stiffness matrix of unit support displacements have been introduced into the system. Using the COMPACS-T system, it is planned to measure positions and oscillations of rotor teeth, to count corresponding static and dynamic characteristics of the oil film, and the static and dynamic loads in the supports in real time. Using the obtained data, the system must determine the misalignments of supports and corrective alignments of rotors of coupling halves, voltages in rotor teeth, welds, and bolts of the coupling halves, and provide automatic conclusion if condition monitoring parameters correspond to standard values. A part of the methodological support for the proposed system is presented, including methods for determining static reactions of supports under load, the method for determining shaft line stiffness matrices, and the method for solving the inverse problem, i.e., the determination of the misalignments of the supports by measurements of rotor teeth relative positions in bearing housings. The procedure for calculating misalignments of turbo generator shaft line supports is set out.

Changes in surface chemistry of silicon carbide (0001) surface with temperature and their effect on friction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.

1980-01-01

Friction studies were conducted with a silicon carbide (0001) surface contacting polycrystalline iron. The surface of silicon carbide was pretreated: (1) by bombarding it with argon ions for 30 minutes at a pressure of 1.3 pascals; (2) by heating it at 800 C for 3 hours in vacuum at a pressure of 10 to the minus eighth power pascal; or (3) by heating it at 1500 C for 3 hours in a vacuum of 10 to the minus eighth power pascal. Auger emission spectroscopy was used to determine the presence of silicon and carbon and the form of the carbon. The surfaces of silicon carbide bombarded with argon ions or preheated to 800 C revealed the main Si peak and a carbide type of C peak in the Auger spectra. The surfaces preheated to 1500 C revealed only a graphite type of C peak in the Auger spectra, and the Si peak had diminished to a barely perceptible amount. The surfaces of silicon carbide preheated to 800 C gave a 1.5 to 3 times higher coefficient of friction than did the surfaces of silicon carbide preheated to 1500 C. The coefficient of friction was lower in the 11(-2)0 direction than in the 10(-1)0 direction; that is, it was lower in the preferred crystallographic slip direction.

Problem Solving, Patterns, Probability, Pascal, and Palindromes.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hylton-Lindsay, Althea Antoinette

2003-01-01

Presents a problem-solving activity, the birth order problem, and several solution-seeking strategies. Includes responses of current and prospective teachers and a comparison of various strategies. (YDS)

The GBT Dynamic Scheduling System: Powered by the Web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marganian, P.; Clark, M.; McCarty, M.; Sessoms, E.; Shelton, A.

2009-09-01

The web technologies utilized for the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope's (GBT) new Dynamic Scheduling System are discussed, focusing on languages, frameworks, and tools. We use a popular Python web framework, TurboGears, to take advantage of the extensive web services the system provides. TurboGears is a model-view-controller framework, which aggregates SQLAlchemy, Genshi, and CherryPy respectively. On top of this framework, Javascript (Prototype, script.aculo.us, and JQuery) and cascading style sheets (Blueprint) are used for desktop-quality web pages.

Small, high-speed bearing technology for cryogenic turbo-pumps

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Winn, L. W.; Eusepi, M. W.; Smalley, A. J.

1974-01-01

The design of 20-mm bore ball bearings is described for cryogenic turbo-machinery applications, operating up to speeds of 120,000 rpm. A special section is included on the design of hybrid bearings. Each hybrid bearing is composed of a ball bearing in series with a conventional pressurized fluid-film journal bearing. Full details are presented on the design of a test vehicle which possesses the capability of testing the above named bearings within the given speed range under externally applied radial and axial loads.

Application of a Design Space Exploration Tool to Enhance Interleaver Generation

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-24

2], originally dedicated to channel coding, are being currently reused in a large set of the whole digital communication systems (e.g. equalization... originally target interface synthesis, is shown to be also suited to the interleaver design space exploration. Our design flow can take as input...slice turbo codes,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. Turbo Codes, Related Topics, Brest , 2003, pp. 343–346. [11] IEEE 802.15.3a, WPAN High Rate Alternative [12

Photographs and Committees: Activities That Help Students Discover Permutations and Combinations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Szydlik, Jennifer Earles

2000-01-01

Presents problem situations that support students when discovering the multiplication principle, permutations, combinations, Pascal's triangle, and relationships among those objects in a concrete context. (ASK)

A Short History of the Computer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reid-Green, Keith

1981-01-01

Beginning with Blaise Pascal's adding machine (1642), a brief look is taken at mechanical computers, electronic developments, transistors, and first, second, and third generation computers. A glossary is appended. (KC)

Database interfaces on NASA's heterogeneous distributed database system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Huang, Shou-Hsuan Stephen

1987-01-01

The purpose of Distributed Access View Integrated Database (DAVID) interface module (Module 9: Resident Primitive Processing Package) is to provide data transfer between local DAVID systems and resident Data Base Management Systems (DBMSs). The result of current research is summarized. A detailed description of the interface module is provided. Several Pascal templates were constructed. The Resident Processor program was also developed. Even though it is designed for the Pascal templates, it can be modified for templates in other languages, such as C, without much difficulty. The Resident Processor itself can be written in any programming language. Since Module 5 routines are not ready yet, there is no way to test the interface module. However, simulation shows that the data base access programs produced by the Resident Processor do work according to the specifications.

Operational Safety Assessment of Turbo Generators with Wavelet Rényi Entropy from Sensor-Dependent Vibration Signals

PubMed Central

Zhang, Xiaoli; Wang, Baojian; Chen, Xuefeng

2015-01-01

With the rapid development of sensor technology, various professional sensors are installed on modern machinery to monitor operational processes and assure operational safety, which play an important role in industry and society. In this work a new operational safety assessment approach with wavelet Rényi entropy utilizing sensor-dependent vibration signals is proposed. On the basis of a professional sensor and the corresponding system, sensor-dependent vibration signals are acquired and analyzed by a second generation wavelet package, which reflects time-varying operational characteristic of individual machinery. Derived from the sensor-dependent signals’ wavelet energy distribution over the observed signal frequency range, wavelet Rényi entropy is defined to compute the operational uncertainty of a turbo generator, which is then associated with its operational safety degree. The proposed method is applied in a 50 MW turbo generator, whereupon it is proved to be reasonable and effective for operation and maintenance. PMID:25894934

Modified CTAB and TRIzol protocols improve RNA extraction from chemically complex Embryophyta1

PubMed Central

Jordon-Thaden, Ingrid E.; Chanderbali, Andre S.; Gitzendanner, Matthew A.; Soltis, Douglas E.

2015-01-01

Premise of the study: Here we present a series of protocols for RNA extraction across a diverse array of plants; we focus on woody, aromatic, aquatic, and other chemically complex taxa. Methods and Results: Ninety-one taxa were subjected to RNA extraction with three methods presented here: (1) TRIzol/TURBO DNA-free kits using the manufacturer’s protocol with the addition of sarkosyl; (2) a combination method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and TRIzol/sarkosyl/TURBO DNA-free; and (3) a combination of CTAB and QIAGEN RNeasy Plant Mini Kit. Bench-ready protocols are given. Conclusions: After an iterative process of working with chemically complex taxa, we conclude that the use of TRIzol supplemented with sarkosyl and the TURBO DNA-free kit is an effective, efficient, and robust method for obtaining RNA from 100 mg of leaf tissue of land plant species (Embryophyta) examined. Our protocols can be used to provide RNA of suitable stability, quantity, and quality for transcriptome sequencing. PMID:25995975

A New Turbo-shaft Engine Control Law during Variable Rotor Speed Transient Process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hua, Wei; Miao, Lizhen; Zhang, Haibo; Huang, Jinquan

2015-12-01

A closed-loop control law employing compressor guided vanes is firstly investigated to solve unacceptable fuel flow dynamic change in single fuel control for turbo-shaft engine here, especially for rotorcraft in variable rotor speed process. Based on an Augmented Linear Quadratic Regulator (ALQR) algorithm, a dual-input, single-output robust control scheme is proposed for a turbo-shaft engine, involving not only the closed loop adjustment of fuel flow but also that of compressor guided vanes. Furthermore, compared to single fuel control, some digital simulation cases using this new scheme about variable rotor speed have been implemented on the basis of an integrated system of helicopter and engine model. The results depict that the command tracking performance to the free turbine rotor speed can be asymptotically realized. Moreover, the fuel flow transient process has been significantly improved, and the fuel consumption has been dramatically cut down by more than 2% while keeping the helicopter level fight unchanged.

Supercomputing Aspects for Simulating Incompressible Flow

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kwak, Dochan; Kris, Cetin C.

2000-01-01

The primary objective of this research is to support the design of liquid rocket systems for the Advanced Space Transportation System. Since the space launch systems in the near future are likely to rely on liquid rocket engines, increasing the efficiency and reliability of the engine components is an important task. One of the major problems in the liquid rocket engine is to understand fluid dynamics of fuel and oxidizer flows from the fuel tank to plume. Understanding the flow through the entire turbo-pump geometry through numerical simulation will be of significant value toward design. One of the milestones of this effort is to develop, apply and demonstrate the capability and accuracy of 3D CFD methods as efficient design analysis tools on high performance computer platforms. The development of the Message Passage Interface (MPI) and Multi Level Parallel (MLP) versions of the INS3D code is currently underway. The serial version of INS3D code is a multidimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes solver based on overset grid technology, INS3D-MPI is based on the explicit massage-passing interface across processors and is primarily suited for distributed memory systems. INS3D-MLP is based on multi-level parallel method and is suitable for distributed-shared memory systems. For the entire turbo-pump simulations, moving boundary capability and efficient time-accurate integration methods are built in the flow solver, To handle the geometric complexity and moving boundary problems, an overset grid scheme is incorporated with the solver so that new connectivity data will be obtained at each time step. The Chimera overlapped grid scheme allows subdomains move relative to each other, and provides a great flexibility when the boundary movement creates large displacements. Two numerical procedures, one based on artificial compressibility method and the other pressure projection method, are outlined for obtaining time-accurate solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The performance of the two methods is compared by obtaining unsteady solutions for the evolution of twin vortices behind a flat plate. Calculated results are compared with experimental and other numerical results. For an unsteady flow, which requires small physical time step, the pressure projection method was found to be computationally efficient since it does not require any subiteration procedure. It was observed that the artificial compressibility method requires a fast convergence scheme at each physical time step in order to satisfy the incompressibility condition. This was obtained by using a GMRES-ILU(0) solver in present computations. When a line-relaxation scheme was used, the time accuracy was degraded and time-accurate computations became very expensive.

Points on the Path to Probability.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kiernan, James F.

2001-01-01

Presents the problem of points and the development of the binomial triangle, or Pascal's triangle. Examines various attempts to solve this problem to give students insight into the nature of mathematical discovery. (KHR)

Shapes of Bubbles and Drops in Motion.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Connell, James

2000-01-01

Explains the shape distortions that take place in fluid packets (bubbles or drops) with steady flow motion by using the laws of Archimedes, Pascal, and Bernoulli rather than advanced vector calculus. (WRM)

Guide to the Revised Ground-Water Flow and Heat Transport Simulator: HYDROTHERM - Version 3

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kipp, Kenneth L.; Hsieh, Paul A.; Charlton, Scott R.

2008-01-01

The HYDROTHERM computer program simulates multi-phase ground-water flow and associated thermal energy transport in three dimensions. It can handle high fluid pressures, up to 1 ? 109 pascals (104 atmospheres), and high temperatures, up to 1,200 degrees Celsius. This report documents the release of Version 3, which includes various additions, modifications, and corrections that have been made to the original simulator. Primary changes to the simulator include: (1) the ability to simulate unconfined ground-water flow, (2) a precipitation-recharge boundary condition, (3) a seepage-surface boundary condition at the land surface, (4) the removal of the limitation that a specified-pressure boundary also have a specified temperature, (5) a new iterative solver for the linear equations based on a generalized minimum-residual method, (6) the ability to use time- or depth-dependent functions for permeability, (7) the conversion of the program code to Fortran 90 to employ dynamic allocation of arrays, and (8) the incorporation of a graphical user interface (GUI) for input and output. The graphical user interface has been developed for defining a simulation, running the HYDROTHERM simulator interactively, and displaying the results. The combination of the graphical user interface and the HYDROTHERM simulator forms the HYDROTHERM INTERACTIVE (HTI) program. HTI can be used for two-dimensional simulations only. New features in Version 3 of the HYDROTHERM simulator have been verified using four test problems. Three problems come from the published literature and one problem was simulated by another partially saturated flow and thermal transport simulator. The test problems include: transient partially saturated vertical infiltration, transient one-dimensional horizontal infiltration, two-dimensional steady-state drainage with a seepage surface, and two-dimensional drainage with coupled heat transport. An example application to a hypothetical stratovolcano system with unconfined ground-water flow is presented in detail. It illustrates the use of HTI with the combination precipitation-recharge and seepage-surface boundary condition, and functions as a tutorial example problem for the new user.

Adaptation of a Turbine Test Facility to High-Temperature Research (Adaptation d’un banc de Turbine aux Recherches pour les Hautes Temperatures,

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-19

Des hautes temperatures devant turbine sur turborgacteur et turbines A gaz. (High turbine inlet temperatures in turbo - jet engines and gas turbines ... turbo - jet engines .) Revue Gn(rale de Thermique, No. 166, October 1975 15 D. Arnal Etude exprimentale et thgorique de la transition de la couche J.C...r AD-AIOl 374 ROYAL AIRCRAFT ESTABLISHMENT FARNBOROUBH (ENGLAND) F/B 10/1 ADAPTATION OF A TURBINE TEST FACILITY TO HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESEA--ETC(U) DEC

PCG: A prototype incremental compilation facility for the SAGA environment, appendix F

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kimball, Joseph John

1985-01-01

A programming environment supports the activity of developing and maintaining software. New environments provide language-oriented tools such as syntax-directed editors, whose usefulness is enhanced because they embody language-specific knowledge. When syntactic and semantic analysis occur early in the cycle of program production, that is, during editing, the use of a standard compiler is inefficient, for it must re-analyze the program before generating code. Likewise, it is inefficient to recompile an entire file, when the editor can determine that only portions of it need updating. The pcg, or Pascal code generation, facility described here generates code directly from the syntax trees produced by the SAGA syntax directed Pascal editor. By preserving the intermediate code used in the previous compilation, it can limit recompilation to the routines actually modified by editing.

First light from student Pascal Keller, Eschenbach/Switzerland on 6-8 June 2014

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Monstein, Christian

2014-05-01

Pascal Keller, a student during his exams for general qualification for university entrance, recently set up a Long Wavelength Array (LWA) antenna and a Callisto system to observe solar radio burst activity in his back yard (figure 1) in Eschenbach, Switzerland. The antenna, spectrometer and software were provided on loan by Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zurich. On the first observation day he observed his 1st light, a type II solar radio burst and some type III bursts. His aim is now to compare this LWA observation with others from the e-Callisto network, which is composed of different antenna types and different antenna sizes as well different locations worldwide. His first four observations on 6 and 8 June 2014 are presented in figures 2 to 5 and associated tables 1 to 4.

Moissanite anvil cell design for Giga-Pascal nuclear magnetic resonance.

PubMed

Meier, Thomas; Herzig, Tobias; Haase, Jürgen

2014-04-01

A new design of a non-magnetic high-pressure anvil cell for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments at Giga-Pascal pressures is presented, which uses a micro-coil inside the pressurized region for high-sensitivity NMR. The comparably small cell has a length of 22 mm and a diameter of 18 mm, so it can be used with most NMR magnets. The performance of the cell is demonstrated with external-force vs. internal-pressure experiments, and the cell is shown to perform well at pressures up to 23.5 GPa using 800 μm 6H-SiC large cone Boehler-type anvils. (1)H, (23)Na, (27)Al, (69)Ga, and (71)Ga NMR test measurements are presented, which show a resolution of better than 4.5 ppm, and an almost maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio.

The Effect of Preventive Agents (Mouthwashes/Gels) on the Color Stability of Dental Resin-Based Composite Materials

PubMed Central

Al-Samadani, Khalid H.

2017-01-01

The color of dental restorative material should be maintained throughout its functional lifetime in an oral environment. However, the frequent use of mouthwash may affect the color stability of these composite restorations. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of using various mouthwashes on the color stability of various dental restorative composite materials. For this purpose, four mouthwashes/gels (Flocare gel (0.4% stannous fluoride), Pascal gel (topical APF fluoride), Pro-Relief mouthwash (sodium fluoride), and Plax Soin mouthwash (sodium fluoride)), and distilled water as a control, were selected. These were divided into five groups: Group 1: Flocare gel; Group 2: Pascal gel; Group 3: Pro-Relief mouthwash; Group 4: Plax Soin mouthwash; and Group 5: distilled water (control). Prepared restorative materials samples were immersed in the groups of mouthwashes/gels and the distilled water (control) for 24, 48, and 72 h. The discoloration that all materials exhibited with all immersion groups was significantly different at each of the three time periods for all groups (p < 0.05). Results from immersion in Flocare gel, Pascal gel, Pro-Relief mouthwash, and Plax Soin mouthwash were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The color change chroma was not significant for Pro-Relief and Plax Soin mouthwash (p > 0.05). Mouthwashes/gels affect color shifting for all composite resin materials, and changes are exaggerated over time. However, discoloration effects are not perceptible to the human eye. PMID:29563424

An Active Broad Area Cooling Model of a Cryogenic Propellant Tank with a Single Stage Reverse Turbo-Brayton Cycle Cryocooler

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guzik, Monica C.; Tomsik, Thomas M.

2011-01-01

As focus shifts towards long-duration space exploration missions, an increased interest in active thermal control of cryogenic propellants to achieve zero boil-off of cryogens has emerged. An active thermal control concept of considerable merit is the integration of a broad area cooling system for a cryogenic propellant tank with a combined cryocooler and circulator system that can be used to reduce or even eliminate liquid cryogen boil-off. One prospective cryocooler and circulator combination is the reverse turbo-Brayton cycle cryocooler. This system is unique in that it has the ability to both cool and circulate the coolant gas efficiently in the same loop as the broad area cooling lines, allowing for a single cooling gas loop, with the primary heat rejection occurring by way of a radiator and/or aftercooler. Currently few modeling tools exist that can size and characterize an integrated reverse turbo-Brayton cycle cryocooler in combination with a broad area cooling design. This paper addresses efforts to create such a tool to assist in gaining a broader understanding of these systems, and investigate their performance in potential space missions. The model uses conventional engineering and thermodynamic relationships to predict the preliminary design parameters, including input power requirements, pressure drops, flow rate, cycle performance, cooling lift, broad area cooler line sizing, and component operating temperatures and pressures given the cooling load operating temperature, heat rejection temperature, compressor inlet pressure, compressor rotational speed, and cryogenic tank geometry. In addition, the model allows for the preliminary design analysis of the broad area cooling tubing, to determine the effect of tube sizing on the reverse turbo-Brayton cycle system performance. At the time this paper was written, the model was verified to match existing theoretical documentation within a reasonable margin. While further experimental data is needed for full validation, this tool has already made significant steps towards giving a clearer understanding of the performance of a reverse turbo-Brayton cycle cryocooler integrated with broad area cooling technology for zero boil-off active thermal control.

OPMILL - MICRO COMPUTER PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT FOR CNC MILLING MACHINES THREE AXIS EQUATION PLOTTING CAPABILITIES

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ray, R. B.

1994-01-01

OPMILL is a computer operating system for a Kearney and Trecker milling machine that provides a fast and easy way to program machine part manufacture with an IBM compatible PC. The program gives the machinist an "equation plotter" feature which plots any set of equations that define axis moves (up to three axes simultaneously) and converts those equations to a machine milling program that will move a cutter along a defined path. Other supported functions include: drill with peck, bolt circle, tap, mill arc, quarter circle, circle, circle 2 pass, frame, frame 2 pass, rotary frame, pocket, loop and repeat, and copy blocks. The system includes a tool manager that can handle up to 25 tools and automatically adjusts tool length for each tool. It will display all tool information and stop the milling machine at the appropriate time. Information for the program is entered via a series of menus and compiled to the Kearney and Trecker format. The program can then be loaded into the milling machine, the tool path graphically displayed, and tool change information or the program in Kearney and Trecker format viewed. The program has a complete file handling utility that allows the user to load the program into memory from the hard disk, save the program to the disk with comments, view directories, merge a program on the disk with one in memory, save a portion of a program in memory, and change directories. OPMILL was developed on an IBM PS/2 running DOS 3.3 with 1 MB of RAM. OPMILL was written for an IBM PC or compatible 8088 or 80286 machine connected via an RS-232 port to a Kearney and Trecker Data Mill 700/C Control milling machine. It requires a "D:" drive (fixed-disk or virtual), a browse or text display utility, and an EGA or better display. Users wishing to modify and recompile the source code will also need Turbo BASIC, Turbo C, and Crescent Software's QuickPak for Turbo BASIC. IBM PC and IBM PS/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines. Turbo BASIC and Turbo C are trademarks of Borland International.

Improved imaging of cochlear nerve hypoplasia using a 3-Tesla variable flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence and a 7-cm surface coil.

PubMed

Giesemann, Anja M; Raab, Peter; Lyutenski, Stefan; Dettmer, Sabine; Bültmann, Eva; Frömke, Cornelia; Lenarz, Thomas; Lanfermann, Heinrich; Goetz, Friedrich

2014-03-01

Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone has an important role in decision making with regard to cochlea implantation, especially in children with cochlear nerve deficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the combination of an advanced high-resolution T2-weighted sequence with a surface coil in a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner in cases of suspected cochlear nerve aplasia. Prospective study. Seven patients with cochlear nerve hypoplasia or aplasia were prospectively examined using a high-resolution three-dimensional variable flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence using a surface coil, and the images were compared with the same sequence in standard resolution using a standard head coil. Three neuroradiologists evaluated the magnetic resonance images independently, rating the visibility of the nerves in diagnosing hypoplasia or aplasia. Eight ears in seven patients with hypoplasia or aplasia of the cochlear nerve were examined. The average age was 2.7 years (range, 9 months-5 years). Seven ears had accompanying malformations. The inter-rater reliability in diagnosing hypoplasia or aplasia was greater using the high-resolution three-dimensional variable flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence (fixed-marginal kappa: 0.64) than with the same sequence in lower resolution (fixed-marginal kappa: 0.06). Examining cases of suspected cochlear nerve aplasia using the high-resolution three-dimensional variable flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence in combination with a surface coil shows significant improvement over standard methods. © 2013 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

Analyses on the Performance and Interaction Between the Impeller and Casing in a Small-Size Turbo-Compressor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Youn-Jea; Kim, Dong-Won

The effects of casing shapes on the performance and the interaction between an impeller and a casing in a small-size turbo-compressor are investigated. Numerical analysis is conducted for the turbo-compressor with circular and single volute casings from the inlet to a discharge nozzle. The optimum design for each element is important to develop the small-size turbo-compressor using alternative refrigerant as a working fluid. Typically, the rotating speed of the compressor is in the range of 40000-45000rpm because of the small size of an impeller diameter. A blade of an impeller has backswept two-dimensional shape due to tip clearance and a vane diffuser has wedge type. In order to predict the flow pattern inside the entire impeller, the vaneless diffuser and the casing, calculations with multiple frames of reference method between the rotating and stationery parts of the domain are carried out. For compressible turbulent flow fields, the continuity and time-averaged three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are employed. To evaluate the performance of two types of casings, the static pressure recovery and loss coefficients are obtained with various flow rates. Also, static pressure distributions around casings are studied for different casing shapes, which are very important to predict the distribution of radial load. To prove the accuracy of numerical results, measurements of static pressure around the casing and pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the compressor are performed for the circular casing. The comparison of experimental and numerical results is conducted, and reasonable agreement is obtained.

Evaluation of takayasu arteritis with delayed contrast-enhanced MR imaging by a free-breathing 3D IR turbo FLASH.

PubMed

Liu, Min; Liu, Weifang; Li, Haoyuan; Shu, Xiaoming; Tao, Xincao; Zhai, Zhenguo

2017-12-01

The primary aim of our case-control study was to observe delayed contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) in comparison with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Twenty-seven patients including 15 with active TA and 12 with stable TA who underwent both aortic MRA and DCE-MRI were included. A total of 27 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group. MRA were obtained with T1WI-volume-interpolated breath-hold examination sequence or fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence. DCE-MRI was acquired with a free-breathing three-dimensional inversion recovery Turbo fast low-angle shot (3D IR Turbo FLASH). Neither stenosis nor delayed enhancement of arterial wall was shown in the control group. In patients with stable TA, arterial stenosis was observed on MRA. On DCE-MR, delayed enhancement of arterial walls could be observed in the active TA group but not in the stable TA group or the control group. Stenotic arteries on MRA were comparable in the active TA and stable TA (χ = 2.70, P = .259); however, delayed enhancement of arterial walls in the active-TA group were more than those in the stable group (χ = 27.00, P < .001). Our results suggest that DCE-MRI with the free-breathing 3D IR Turbo FLASH sequence could assess TA and delayed enhancement on DCE-MRI is one characteristics of the active TA. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Rework of the ERA software system: ERA-8

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pavlov, D.; Skripnichenko, V.

2015-08-01

The software system that has been powering many products of the IAA during decades has undergone a major rework. ERA has capabilities for: processing tables of observations of different kinds, fitting parameters to observations, integrating equations of motion of the Solar system bodies. ERA comprises a domain-specific language called SLON, tailored for astronomical tasks. SLON provides a convenient syntax for reductions of observations, choosing of IAU standards to use, applying rules for filtering observations or selecting parameters for fitting. Also, ERA includes a table editor and a graph plotter. ERA-8 has a number of improvements over previous versions such as: integration of the Solar system and TT xA1 TDB with arbitrary number of asteroids; option to use different ephemeris (including DE and INPOP); integrator with 80-bit floating point. The code of ERA-8 has been completely rewritten from Pascal to C (for numerical computations) and Racket (for running SLON programs and managing data). ERA-8 is portable across major operating systems. The format of tables in ERA-8 is based on SQLite. The SPICE format has been chosen as the main format for ephemeris in ERA-8.

ARC-2008-ACD08-0260-022

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-11-04

K-10 (red) plaentary rover at Marscape (Ames Mars Yard): with prototype flight control team remotely operating K-10 'Red' from Ames Future Flight Centeral (FFC) Simulator, L-R; Pascal Lee, Melissa Rice, David Lees, Trey Smith

Space technologies for health.

PubMed

Fleck, Fiona

2015-08-01

Space science and satellite technologies hold untapped potential for public health, according to a new expert group that will deliver its proposals to the United Nations General Assembly in New York next month. Pascal Michel talks to Fiona Fleck.

Design and Development of a 200-kW Turbo-Electric Distributed Propulsion Testbed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Papathakis, Kurt V.; Kloesel, Kurt J.; Lin, Yohan; Clarke, Sean; Ediger, Jacob J.; Ginn, Starr

2016-01-01

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Armstrong Flight Research Center (AFRC) (Edwards, California) is developing a Hybrid-Electric Integrated Systems Testbed (HEIST) Testbed as part of the HEIST Project, to study power management and transition complexities, modular architectures, and flight control laws for turbo-electric distributed propulsion technologies using representative hardware and piloted simulations. Capabilities are being developed to assess the flight readiness of hybrid electric and distributed electric vehicle architectures. Additionally, NASA will leverage experience gained and assets developed from HEIST to assist in flight-test proposal development, flight-test vehicle design, and evaluation of hybrid electric and distributed electric concept vehicles for flight safety. The HEIST test equipment will include three trailers supporting a distributed electric propulsion wing, a battery system and turbogenerator, dynamometers, and supporting power and communication infrastructure, all connected to the AFRC Core simulation. Plans call for 18 high performance electric motors that will be powered by batteries and the turbogenerator, and commanded by a piloted simulation. Flight control algorithms will be developed on the turbo-electric distributed propulsion system.

The experimental behavior of spinning pretwisted laminated composite plates

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kosmatka, John B.; Lapid, Alex J.

1993-01-01

The purpose of the research is to gain an understanding of the material and geometric couplings present in advanced composite turbo-propellers. Twelve pre-twisted laminated composite plates are tested. Three different ply lay-ups (2 symmetric and 1 asymmetric) and four different geometries (flat and 30x pre-twist about the mid-chord, quarter-chord, and leading edge) distinguish each plate from one another. Four rotating and non-rotating tests are employed to isolate the material and geometric couplings of an advanced turbo propeller. The first series of tests consist of non-rotating static displacement, strain, and vibrations. These tests examine the effects of ply lay-up and geometry. The second series of tests consist of rotating displacement, strain, and vibrations with various pitch and sweep settings. These tests utilize the Dynamic Spin Rig Facility at the NASA Lewis Research Center. The rig allows the spin testing of the plates in a near vacuum environment. The tests examine how the material and plate geometry interact with the pitch and sweep geometry of an advanced turbo-propeller.

New Turbo Compound Systems in Automotive Industry for Internal Combustion Engine to Recover Energy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiriac, R.; Chiru, A.; Condrea, O.

2017-10-01

The large amount of heat is scattered in the internal combustion engine through exhaust gas, coolant, convective and radiant heat transfer. Of all these residual heat sources, exhaust gases have the potential to recover using various modern heat recovery techniques. Waste heat recovery from an engine could directly reduce fuel consumption, increase available electrical power and improve overall system efficiency and if it would be used a turbochargers that can also produce energy. This solution is called turbo aggregation and has other ways to develop it in other areas of research like the electrical field. [1-3

Signal-processing theory for the TurboRogue receiver

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thomas, J. B.

1995-01-01

Signal-processing theory for the TurboRogue receiver is presented. The signal form is traced from its formation at the GPS satellite, to the receiver antenna, and then through the various stages of the receiver, including extraction of phase and delay. The analysis treats the effects of ionosphere, troposphere, signal quantization, receiver components, and system noise, covering processing in both the 'code mode' when the P code is not encrypted and in the 'P-codeless mode' when the P code is encrypted. As a possible future improvement to the current analog front end, an example of a highly digital front end is analyzed.

Future capabilities for the Deep Space Network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Berner, J. B.; Bryant, S. H.; Andrews, K. S.

2004-01-01

This paper will look at three new capabilities that are in different stages of development. First, turbo decoding, which provides improved telemetry performance for data rates up to about 1 Mbps, will be discussed. Next, pseudo-noise ranging will be presented. Pseudo-noise ranging has several advantages over the current sequential ranging, anmely easier operations, improved performance, and the capability to be used in a regenerative implementation on a spacecraft. Finally, Low Density Parity Check decoding will be discussed. LDPC codes can provide performance that matches or slightly exceed turbo codes, but are designed for use in the 10 Mbps range.

Cryo Cooler Induced Micro-Vibration Disturbances to the Hubble Space Telescope

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jedrich, Nick; Zimbelman, Darrell; Turczyn, Mark; Sills, Joel; Voorhees, Carl; Clapp, Brian; Brumfield, Mark (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

This paper presents an overview of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) Cryo Cooler (MCC) system, a description of the micro-vibration characterization testing performed, and a discussion of the simulated performance. The NCC is a reverse Brayton cycle system that employs micro turbo-machinery to provide cooling to the NICMOS instrument. Extensive testing was conducted to quantify the expected on-orbit disturbances caused by the micro turbo-machinery and provide input to a flexible-body dynamic simulation to demonstrate compliance with the HST 7 milli-arcsecond root mean square jitter requirement.

High Performance Computing and Visualization Infrastructure for Simultaneous Parallel Computing and Parallel Visualization Research

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-09

Total Number: Sub Contractors (DD882) Names of Personnel receiving masters degrees Names of personnel receiving PHDs Names of other research staff...Broadcom 5720 QP 1Gb Network Daughter Card (2) Intel Xeon E5-2680 v3 2.5GHz, 30M Cache, 9.60GT/s QPI, Turbo, HT , 12C/24T (120W...Broadcom 5720 QP 1Gb Network Daughter Card (2) Intel Xeon E5-2680 v3 2.5GHz, 30M Cache, 9.60GT/s QPI, Turbo, HT , 12C/24T (120W

T1-weighted brain imaging with a 32-channel coil at 3T using TurboFLASH BLADE compared with standard cartesian k-space sampling.

PubMed

Attenberger, Ulrike I; Runge, Val M; Williams, Kenneth D; Stemmer, Alto; Michaely, Henrik J; Schoenberg, Stefan O; Reiser, Maximilian F; Wintersperger, Bernd J

2009-03-01

Motion artifacts often markedly degrade image quality in clinical scans. The BLADE technique offers an alternative k-space sampling scheme reducing the effect of patient related motion on image quality. The purpose of this study is the comparison of imaging artifacts, signal-to-noise (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of a new turboFLASH BLADE k-space trajectory with the standard Cartesian k-space sampling for brain imaging, using a 32-channel coil at 3T. The results from 32 patients included after informed consent are reported. This study was performed with a 32-channel head coil on a 3T scanner. Sagittal and axial T1-weighted FLASH sequences (TR/TE 250/2.46 milliseconds, flip angle 70-degree), acquired with Cartesian k-space sampling and T1-weighted turboFLASH sequences (TR/TE/TIsag/TIax 3200/2.77/1144/1056 milliseconds, flip angle 20-degree), using PROPELLER (BLADE) k-space trajectory, were compared. SNR and CNR were evaluated using a paired student t test. The frequency of motion artifacts was assessed in a blinded read. To analyze the differences between both techniques a McNemar test was performed. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. From the blinded read, the overall preference in terms of diagnostic image quality was statistically significant in favor of the BLADE turboFLASH data sets, compared with standard FLASH for both sagittal (P < 0.0001) and axial (P < 0.0001) planes. The frequency of motion artifacts from the scalp was higher for standard FLASH sequences than for BLADE sequences on both axial (47%, P < 0.0003) and sagittal (69%, P < 0.0001) planes. BLADE was preferred in 100% (sagittal plane) and 80% (axial plane) of in-patient data sets and in 68% (sagittal plane) and 73% (axial plane) of out-patient data sets.The BLADE T1 scan did have lower SNRmean (BLADEax 179 +/- 98, Cartesianax 475 +/- 145, BLADEsag 171 +/- 51, and Cartesiansag 697 +/- 129) with P values indicating accordingly a statistically significant difference (Pax <0.0001, Psag < 0.0001), because of the fundamental difference in imaging approach (FLASH vs. turboFLASH). Differences for CNR were also statistically significant, independent of imaging plane (Pax = 0.001, Psag = 0.02). Results demonstrate that turboFLASH BLADE is applicable at 3T with a 32-channel head coil for T1-weighted imaging, with reduced ghost artifacts. This approach offers the first truly clinically applicable T1-weighted BLADE technique for brain imaging at 3T, with consistent excellent image quality.

Genetics Home Reference: alcohol use disorder

MedlinePlus

... or Free article on PubMed Central Awofala AA. Molecular and genetic determinants of alcohol dependence. J Addict Dis. 2013; ... G, Pascale E, Lucarelli M. Alcohol addiction: a molecular biology perspective. Curr Med Chem. 2015;22(6):670- ...

What Gay-Lussac didn't tell us

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holbrow, C. H.; Amato, J. C.

2011-01-01

Gay-Lussac's 1801 experiments establishing the law of volumes for gases are brilliantly simple, and he described them with a level of detail that was new to physics writing. But he did not present his actual measurements or tell us how he analyzed them to conclude that between 0 to 100 °C, a volume of any gas will expand by about 37.5%. We review his experiments and conclude that he measured initial and final volumes at slightly different pressures. By using the gas laws and his apparatus diagrams, we corrected his data so that they correspond to constant pressure. His corrected results give ΔV/V=36.6%, the currently accepted value for nearly ideal gases. Aside from their intrinsic interest, our analyses can provide students intriguing applications of the gas laws and Pascal's law and motivate them to consider Pascal's paradox. We also note the influence of ballooning and of the French Revolution on Gay-Lussac.

Interactive display of molecular models using a microcomputer system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Egan, J. T.; Macelroy, R. D.

1980-01-01

A simple, microcomputer-based, interactive graphics display system has been developed for the presentation of perspective views of wire frame molecular models. The display system is based on a TERAK 8510a graphics computer system with a display unit consisting of microprocessor, television display and keyboard subsystems. The operating system includes a screen editor, file manager, PASCAL and BASIC compilers and command options for linking and executing programs. The graphics program, written in USCD PASCAL, involves the centering of the coordinate system, the transformation of centered model coordinates into homogeneous coordinates, the construction of a viewing transformation matrix to operate on the coordinates, clipping invisible points, perspective transformation and scaling to screen coordinates; commands available include ZOOM, ROTATE, RESET, and CHANGEVIEW. Data file structure was chosen to minimize the amount of disk storage space. Despite the inherent slowness of the system, its low cost and flexibility suggests general applicability.

Moissanite anvil cell design for giga-pascal nuclear magnetic resonance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meier, Thomas; Herzig, Tobias; Haase, Jürgen

2014-04-15

A new design of a non-magnetic high-pressure anvil cell for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments at Giga-Pascal pressures is presented, which uses a micro-coil inside the pressurized region for high-sensitivity NMR. The comparably small cell has a length of 22 mm and a diameter of 18 mm, so it can be used with most NMR magnets. The performance of the cell is demonstrated with external-force vs. internal-pressure experiments, and the cell is shown to perform well at pressures up to 23.5 GPa using 800 μm 6H-SiC large cone Boehler-type anvils. {sup 1}H, {sup 23}Na, {sup 27}Al, {sup 69}Ga, and {supmore » 71}Ga NMR test measurements are presented, which show a resolution of better than 4.5 ppm, and an almost maximum possible signal-to-noise ratio.« less

DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFs.

PubMed

Chen, Liang-Chieh; Papandreou, George; Kokkinos, Iasonas; Murphy, Kevin; Yuille, Alan L

2018-04-01

In this work we address the task of semantic image segmentation with Deep Learning and make three main contributions that are experimentally shown to have substantial practical merit. First, we highlight convolution with upsampled filters, or 'atrous convolution', as a powerful tool in dense prediction tasks. Atrous convolution allows us to explicitly control the resolution at which feature responses are computed within Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. It also allows us to effectively enlarge the field of view of filters to incorporate larger context without increasing the number of parameters or the amount of computation. Second, we propose atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) to robustly segment objects at multiple scales. ASPP probes an incoming convolutional feature layer with filters at multiple sampling rates and effective fields-of-views, thus capturing objects as well as image context at multiple scales. Third, we improve the localization of object boundaries by combining methods from DCNNs and probabilistic graphical models. The commonly deployed combination of max-pooling and downsampling in DCNNs achieves invariance but has a toll on localization accuracy. We overcome this by combining the responses at the final DCNN layer with a fully connected Conditional Random Field (CRF), which is shown both qualitatively and quantitatively to improve localization performance. Our proposed "DeepLab" system sets the new state-of-art at the PASCAL VOC-2012 semantic image segmentation task, reaching 79.7 percent mIOU in the test set, and advances the results on three other datasets: PASCAL-Context, PASCAL-Person-Part, and Cityscapes. All of our code is made publicly available online.

Accurate Molecular Dimensions from Stearic Acid Monolayers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lane, Charles A.; And Others

1984-01-01

Discusses modifications in the fatty acid monolayer experiment to reduce the inaccurate moleculary data students usually obtain. Copies of the experimental procedure used and a Pascal computer program to work up the data are available from the authors. (JN)

Upper Grades Ideas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thornburg, David; Beane, Pam

1983-01-01

Presents programming ideas using LOGO, activity for converting flowchart into a computer program, and a Pascal program for generating music using paddles. Includes the article "Helping Computers Adapt to Kids" by Philip Nothnagle; a program for estimating length of lines is included. (JN)

Computer Series, 32.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, John W., Ed.

1982-01-01

Ten computer programs (available from authors) and a noncomputer calculation of the electron in one-dimensional, one-Bohr box are described, including programs for analytical chemistry, space group generation using Pascal, mass-spectral search system (Applesoft), microcomputer-simulated liquid chromatography, voltammetry/amperometric titrations,…

Advanced Concepts and Methods of Approximate Reasoning

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-12-01

immeasurably by numerous conversations and discussions with Nadal Bat- tle, Hamid Berenji , Piero Bonissone, Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier, Miguel Delgado, Di...comments of Claudi Alsina, Hamid Berenji , Piero Bonissone, Didier Dubois, Francesc Esteva, Oscar Firschein, Marty Fischler, Pascal Fua, Maria Angeles

Small Engine Technology (Set) Task 8 Aeroelastic Prediction Methods

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Eick, Chris D.; Liu, Jong-Shang

1998-01-01

AlliedSignal Engines, in cooperation with NASA LeRC, completed an evaluation of recently developed aeroelastic computer codes using test cases from the AlliedSignal Engines fan blisk database. Test data for this task includes strain gage, light probe, performance, and steady-state pressure information obtained for conditions where synchronous or flutter vibratory conditions were found to occur. Aeroelastic codes evaluated include the quasi 3-D UNSFLO (developed at MIT and modified to include blade motion by AlliedSignal), the 2-D FREPS (developed by NASA LeRC), and the 3-D TURBO-AE (under development at NASA LeRC). Six test cases each where flutter and synchronous vibrations were found to occur were used for evaluation of UNSFLO and FREPS. In addition, one of the flutter cases was evaluated using TURBO-AE. The UNSFLO flutter evaluations were completed for 75 percent radial span and provided good agreement with the experimental test data. Synchronous evaluations were completed for UNSFLO but further enhancement needs to be added to the code before the unsteady pressures can be used to predict forced response vibratory stresses. The FREPS evaluations were hindered as the steady flow solver (SFLOW) was unable to converge to a solution for the transonic flow conditions in the fan blisk. This situation resulted in all FREPS test cases being attempted but no results were obtained during the present program. Currently, AlliedSignal is evaluating integrating FREPS with our existing steady flow solvers to bypass the SFLOW difficulties. ne TURBO-AE steady flow solution provided an excellent match with the AlliedSignal Engines calibrated DAWES 3-D viscous solver. Finally, the TURBO-AE unsteady analyses also matched experimental observations by predicting flutter for the single test case evaluated.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Biewer, Theodore M.; Marcus, Chris; Klepper, C Christopher

The divertor-specific ITER Diagnostic Residual Gas Analyzer (DRGA) will provide essential information relating to DT fusion plasma performance. This includes pulse-resolving measurements of the fuel isotopic mix reaching the pumping ducts, as well as the concentration of the helium generated as the ash of the fusion reaction. In the present baseline design, the cluster of sensors attached to this diagnostic's differentially pumped analysis chamber assembly includes a radiation compatible version of a commercial quadrupole mass spectrometer, as well as an optical gas analyzer using a plasma-based light excitation source. This paper reports on a laboratory study intended to validate themore » performance of this sensor cluster, with emphasis on the detection limit of the isotopic measurement. This validation study was carried out in a laboratory set-up that closely prototyped the analysis chamber assembly configuration of the baseline design. This includes an ITER-specific placement of the optical gas measurement downstream from the first turbine of the chamber's turbo-molecular pump to provide sufficient light emission while preserving the gas dynamics conditions that allow for \\textasciitilde 1 s response time from the sensor cluster [1].« less

Space lab system analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rives, T. B.; Ingels, F. M.

1988-01-01

An analysis of the Automated Booster Assembly Checkout System (ABACS) has been conducted. A computer simulation of the ETHERNET LAN has been written. The simulation allows one to investigate different structures of the ABACS system. The simulation code is in PASCAL and is VAX compatible.

Designing Graphic Presentations from First Principles

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-01-01

Khanna, Rahul Asthana, Pascale Fung, and Joanna Sadowska. Others, once near but now far, included: Ivelina Zlateva, Robert Chang, Anna Herreras , John...For example, Roth & Mattis (1990) propose characterizing data in terms of cardinality , coverage and uniqueness. Cardinality allows data to be

4. Photocopy of measured drawing dated January, 1948 FRONT ELEVATION ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. Photocopy of measured drawing dated January, 1948 FRONT ELEVATION An addendum to Hanson-Cramer House, Sea Street, south end, Rockport, Knox County, Maine - Hanson-Cramer House, End of Sea Street (moved from Pascal's Avenue), Rockport, Knox County, ME

5. Photocopy of measured drawing dated January, 1946 ELEVATIONS (EXISTING) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. Photocopy of measured drawing dated January, 1946 ELEVATIONS (EXISTING) An addendum to Hanson-Cramer House, Sea Street, south end, Rockport, Knox County, Maine - Hanson-Cramer House, End of Sea Street (moved from Pascal's Avenue), Rockport, Knox County, ME

ARC-2008-ACD08-0260-024

NASA Image and Video Library

2008-11-04

K-10 (red) plaentary rover at Marscape (Ames Mars Yard): with prototype flight control team remotely operating K-10 'Red' from Ames Future Flight Centeral (FFC) Simulator, L-R; Kip Hodges, Mark Helper, Marwan Hussein, Pascal Lee, Melissa Rice, Trey Smith, David Lees

Faulhaber's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torabi-Dashti, Mohammad

2011-01-01

Like Pascal's triangle, Faulhaber's triangle is easy to draw: all you need is a little recursion. The rows are the coefficients of polynomials representing sums of integer powers. Such polynomials are often called Faulhaber formulae, after Johann Faulhaber (1580-1635); hence we dub the triangle Faulhaber's triangle.

M-Bonomial Coefficients and Their Identities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asiru, Muniru A.

2010-01-01

In this note, we introduce M-bonomial coefficients or (M-bonacci binomial coefficients). These are similar to the binomial and the Fibonomial (or Fibonacci-binomial) coefficients and can be displayed in a triangle similar to Pascal's triangle from which some identities become obvious.

Programming Languages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tesler, Lawrence G.

1984-01-01

Discusses the nature of programing languages, considering the features of BASIC, LOGO, PASCAL, COBOL, FORTH, APL, and LISP. Also discusses machine/assembly codes, the operation of a compiler, and trends in the evolution of programing languages (including interest in notational systems called object-oriented languages). (JN)

Developments in TurboBrayton Technology for Low Temperature Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Swift, W. L.; Zagarola, M. V.; Nellis, G. F.; McCormick, J. A.; Gibbon, Judy

1999-01-01

A single stage reverse Brayton cryocooler using miniature high-speed turbomachines recently completed a successful space shuttle test flight demonstrating its capabilities for use in cooling the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The NICMOS CryoCooler (NCC) is designed for a cooling load of about 8 W at 65 K, and comprises a closed loop cryocooler coupled to an independent cryogenic circulating loop. Future space applications involve instruments that will require 5 mW to 200 mW of cooling at temperatures between 4 K and 10 K. This paper discusses the extension of Turbo-Brayton technology to meet these requirements.

Quiet High Speed Fan (QHSF) Flutter Calculations Using the TURBO Code

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bakhle, Milind A.; Srivastava, Rakesh; Keith, Theo G., Jr.; Min, James B.; Mehmed, Oral

2006-01-01

A scale model of the NASA/Honeywell Engines Quiet High Speed Fan (QHSF) encountered flutter wind tunnel testing. This report documents aeroelastic calculations done for the QHSF scale model using the blade vibration capability of the TURBO code. Calculations at design speed were used to quantify the effect of numerical parameters on the aerodynamic damping predictions. This numerical study allowed the selection of appropriate values of these parameters, and also allowed an assessment of the variability in the calculated aerodynamic damping. Calculations were also done at 90 percent of design speed. The predicted trends in aerodynamic damping corresponded to those observed during testing.

Computer simulation of the heavy-duty turbo-compounded diesel cycle for studies of engine efficiency and performance

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Assanis, D. N.; Ekchian, J. A.; Heywood, J. B.; Replogle, K. K.

1984-01-01

Reductions in heat loss at appropriate points in the diesel engine which result in substantially increased exhaust enthalpy were shown. The concepts for this increased enthalpy are the turbocharged, turbocompounded diesel engine cycle. A computer simulation of the heavy duty turbocharged turbo-compounded diesel engine system was undertaken. This allows the definition of the tradeoffs which are associated with the introduction of ceramic materials in various parts of the total engine system, and the study of system optimization. The basic assumptions and the mathematical relationships used in the simulation of the model engine are described.

Noise suppressor for turbo fan jet engines

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cheng, D. Y. (Inventor)

1983-01-01

A noise suppressor is disclosed for installation on the discharge or aft end of a turbo fan engine. Within the suppressor are fixed annular airfoils which are positioned to reduce the relative velocity between the high temperature fast moving jet exhaust and the low temperature slow moving air surrounding it. Within the suppressor nacelle is an exhaust jet nozzle which constrains the shape of the jet exhaust to a substantially uniform elongate shape irrespective of the power setting of the engine. Fixed ring airfoils within the suppressor nacelle therefore have the same salutary effects irrespective of the power setting at which the engine is operated.

Turbo-Satori: a neurofeedback and brain-computer interface toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

PubMed

Lührs, Michael; Goebel, Rainer

2017-10-01

Turbo-Satori is a neurofeedback and brain-computer interface (BCI) toolbox for real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). It incorporates multiple pipelines from real-time preprocessing and analysis to neurofeedback and BCI applications. The toolbox is designed with a focus in usability, enabling a fast setup and execution of real-time experiments. Turbo-Satori uses an incremental recursive least-squares procedure for real-time general linear model calculation and support vector machine classifiers for advanced BCI applications. It communicates directly with common NIRx fNIRS hardware and was tested extensively ensuring that the calculations can be performed in real time without a significant change in calculation times for all sampling intervals during ongoing experiments of up to 6 h of recording. Enabling immediate access to advanced processing features also allows the use of this toolbox for students and nonexperts in the field of fNIRS data acquisition and processing. Flexible network interfaces allow third party stimulus applications to access the processed data and calculated statistics in real time so that this information can be easily incorporated in neurofeedback or BCI presentations.

Pulsed arterial spin labeling using TurboFLASH with suppression of intravascular signal.

PubMed

Pell, Gaby S; Lewis, David P; Branch, Craig A

2003-02-01

Accurate quantification of perfusion with the ADC techniques requires the suppression of the majority of the intravascular signal. This is normally achieved with the use of diffusion gradients. The TurboFLASH sequence with its ultrashort repetition times is not readily amenable to this scheme. This report demonstrates the implementation of a modified TurboFLASH sequence for FAIR imaging. Intravascular suppression is achieved with a modified preparation period that includes a driven equilibrium Fourier transform (DEFT) combination of 90 degrees-180 degrees-90 degrees hard RF pulses subsequent to the inversion delay. These pulses rotate the perfusion-prepared magnetization into the transverse plane where it can experience the suitably placed diffusion gradients before being returned to the longitudinal direction by the second 90 degrees pulse. A value of b = 20-30 s/mm(2) was thereby found to suppress the majority of the intravascular signal. For single-slice perfusion imaging, quantification is only slightly modified. The technique can be readily extended to multislice acquisition if the evolving flow signal after the DEFT preparation is considered. An advantage of the modified preparation scheme is evident in the multislice FAIR images by the preservation of the sign of the magnetization difference. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Sub-cooled liquid nitrogen cryogenic system with neon turbo-refrigerator for HTS power equipment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshida, S.; Hirai, H.; Nara, N.; Ozaki, S.; Hirokawa, M.; Eguchi, T.; Hayashi, H.; Iwakuma, M.; Shiohara, Y.

2014-01-01

We developed a prototype sub-cooled liquid nitrogen (LN) circulation system for HTS power equipment. The system consists of a neon turbo-Brayton refrigerator with a LN sub-cooler and LN circulation pump unit. The neon refrigerator has more than 2 kW cooling power at 65 K. The LN sub-cooler is a plate-fin type heat exchanger and is installed in a refrigerator cold box. In order to carry out the system performance tests, a dummy cryostat having an electric heater was set instead of a HTS power equipment. Sub-cooled LN is delivered into the sub-cooler by the LN circulation pump and cooled within it. After the sub-cooler, sub-cooled LN goes out from the cold box to the dummy cryostat, and comes back to the pump unit. The system can control an outlet sub-cooled LN temperature by adjusting refrigerator cooling power. The refrigerator cooling power is automatically controlled by the turbo-compressor rotational speed. In the performance tests, we increased an electric heater power from 200 W to 1300 W abruptly. We confirmed the temperature fluctuation was about ±1 K. We show the cryogenic system details and performance test results in this paper.

X-PROP: a fast and robust diffusion-weighted propeller technique.

PubMed

Li, Zhiqiang; Pipe, James G; Lee, Chu-Yu; Debbins, Josef P; Karis, John P; Huo, Donglai

2011-08-01

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has shown great benefits in clinical MR exams. However, current DWI techniques have shortcomings of sensitivity to distortion or long scan times or combinations of the two. Diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (EPI) is fast but suffers from severe geometric distortion. Periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction diffusion-weighted imaging (PROPELLER DWI) is free of geometric distortion, but the scan time is usually long and imposes high Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) especially at high fields. TurboPROP was proposed to accelerate the scan by combining signal from gradient echoes, but the off-resonance artifacts from gradient echoes can still degrade the image quality. In this study, a new method called X-PROP is presented. Similar to TurboPROP, it uses gradient echoes to reduce the scan time. By separating the gradient and spin echoes into individual blades and removing the off-resonance phase, the off-resonance artifacts in X-PROP are minimized. Special reconstruction processes are applied on these blades to correct for the motion artifacts. In vivo results show its advantages over EPI, PROPELLER DWI, and TurboPROP techniques. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Turbo-Brayton cryocooler technology for low-temperature space applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zagarola, Mark V.; Breedlove, Jeffrey F.; McCormick, John A.; Swift, Walter L.

2003-03-01

High performance, low temperature cryocoolers are being developed for future space-borne telescopes and instruments. To meet mission objectives, these coolers must be compact, lightweight, have low input power, operate reliably for 5-10 years, and produce no disturbances that would affect the pointing accuracy of the instruments. This paper describes progress in the development of turbo-Brayton cryocoolers addressing cooling in the 5 K to 20 K temperature range for loads of up to 300 mW. The key components for these cryocoolers are the miniature, high-speed turbomachines and the high performance recuperative heat exchangers. The turbomachines use gas-bearings to support the low mass, high speed rotors, resulting in negligible vibration and long life. Precision fabrication techniques are used to produce the necessary micro-scale geometric features that provide for high cycle efficiencies at these reduced sizes. Turbo-Brayton cryocoolers for higher temperatures and loads have been successfully developed for space applications. For efficient operation at low temperatures and capacities, advances in the core technologies have been pursued. Performance test results of a new, low poer compressor will be presented, and early cryogenic test results on a low temperature expansion turbine will be discussed. Projections for several low temperature cooler configurations are summarized.

[MRI of focal liver lesions using a 1.5 turbo-spin-echo technique compared with spin-echo technique].

PubMed

Steiner, S; Vogl, T J; Fischer, P; Steger, W; Neuhaus, P; Keck, H

1995-08-01

The aim of our study was to evaluate a T2-weighted turbo-spinecho sequence in comparison to a T2-weighted spinecho sequence in imaging focal liver lesions. In our study 35 patients with suspected focal liver lesions were examined. Standardised imaging protocol included a conventional T2-weighted SE sequence (TR/TE = 2000/90/45, acquisition time = 10.20) as well as a T2-weighted TSE sequence (TR/TE = 4700/90, acquisition time = 6.33). Calculation of S/N and C/N ratio as a basis of quantitative evaluation was done using standard methods. A diagnostic score was implemented to enable qualitative assessment. In 7% (n = 2) the TSE sequence enabled detection of further liver lesions showing a size of less than 1 cm in diameter. Comparing anatomical details the TSE sequence was superior. S/N and C/N ratio of anatomic and pathologic structures of the TSE sequence were higher compared to results of the SE sequence. Our results indicate that the T2-weighted turbo-spinecho sequence is well appropriate for imaging focal liver lesions, and leads to reduction of imaging time.

PREFACE: 1st International Symposium on Electrical Arc and Thermal Plasmas in Africa (ISAPA)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andre, Pascal; Koalaga, Zacharie

2012-02-01

Logos of the University of Ouagadougou, ISAPA and Universite Blaise Pascal Africa (especially Sub-Saharan Africa) is a continent where electrification is at a low level. However, the development of the electrical power sector is a prerequisite for the growth of other industrial activities, that is to say for the social and economic development of African countries. Consequently, a large number of electrification projects (rural electrification, interconnection of different country's grids) takes place in many countries. These projects need expertise and make Africa a continent of opportunity for companies in different domains for business and research: energy; energetic production, transmission, distribution and protection of electricity; the supply of cable; the construction, engineering and expertise in the field of solar and wind power. The first International Symposium on electrical Arc and thermal Plasma in Africa (ISAPA) was held for the first time in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso to progress and develop the research of new physical developments, technical breakthroughs, and ideas in the fields of electrical production and electrical applications. The ISAPA aims to encourage the advancement of the science and applications of electrical power transformation in Africa by bringing together specialists from many areas in Africa and the rest of the world. Such considerations have led us to define a Scientific Committee including representatives from many countries. This first meeting was an innovative opportunity for researchers and engineers from academic and industrial sectors to exchange views and knowledge. Both fundamental aspects such as thermal plasma, electrical arc, diagnostics and applied aspects as circuit breakers, ICP analyses, photovoltaic energy conversion and alternative energies, as well as space applications were covered. The Laboratory of Material and Environment (LAME) from Ouagadougou University and the Laboratory of Electric Arc and Thermal Plasmas (LAEPT) from Blaise Pascal University have worked in close collaboration within the framework of the Organizing Committee of this new and first ISAPA symposium in Africa. We registered 40 participants from France, Portugal, Belgium, Mali, Niger, Togo, Tchad and, of course, Burkina Faso, and also through collaborative works from Russia, Poland and Ukraine. 20 papers, one poster and 3 oral contributions were presented for this first ISAPA. The ISAPA Symposium has been held with the material and financial support of the following organizations: EDULINK Program of EU-ACP; SCAC Service of the French Embassy in Burkina Faso; IRD (Institute of Development Research) Burkina Faso; ASDI/SAREC project in Burkina Faso; University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso; Blaise Pascal University of Clermont Ferrand, France. The opening ceremony of ISAPA Symposium was presided over by two ministers: the minister in charge of secondary and higher education (MESS) and the minister in charge of scientific research and innovation (MRSI). Thus, they have marked the interest given by the government of Burkina Faso for RAMSES Scientific Meetings such as ISAPA. Zacharie Koalaga (LAME, University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso) Pascal André (LAEPT, Blaise Pascal University, France) ISAPA 2011 Co-Chairmen of the ISAPA International Organizing Committee and editors Logos

7. Photocopy of measured drawing dated December, 1947 SECOND FLOOR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

7. Photocopy of measured drawing dated December, 1947 SECOND FLOOR PLAN An addendum to Hanson-Cramer House, Sea Street, south end, Rockport, Knox County, Maine - Hanson-Cramer House, End of Sea Street (moved from Pascal's Avenue), Rockport, Knox County, ME

6. Photocopy of measured drawing dated December, 1947 FIRST FLOOR ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. Photocopy of measured drawing dated December, 1947 FIRST FLOOR PLAN An addendum to Hanson-Cramer House, Sea Street, south end, Rockport, Knox County, Maine - Hanson-Cramer House, End of Sea Street (moved from Pascal's Avenue), Rockport, Knox County, ME

Pascal's Snowshoes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akcay, Behiye

2004-01-01

The chief purpose of this activity is to strengthen students' understanding of concepts of floatation such as surface area and pressure (weight per unit area) via snowshoes. Students brainstorm, make predictions, perform calculations, and practice communication skills through interviewing elders and experts. This activity lets students see the…

Program Manipulates Plots For Effective Display

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauer, F.; Downing, J.

1990-01-01

Windowed Observation of Relative Motion (WORM) computer program primarily intended for generation of simple X-Y plots from data created by other programs. Enables user to label, zoom, and change scales of various plots. Three-dimensional contour and line plots provided. Written in PASCAL.

History of Physical Terms: "Pressure"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frontali, Clara

2013-01-01

Scientific terms drawn from common language are often charged with suggestions that may even be inconsistent with their restricted scientific meaning, thus posing didactic problems. The (non-linear) historical journey of the word "pressure" is illustrated here through original quotations from Stevinus, Torricelli, Pascal, Boyle,…

Computer Guided Instructional Design.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merrill, M. David; Wood, Larry E.

1984-01-01

Describes preliminary efforts to create the Lesson Design System, a computer-guided instructional design system written in Pascal for Apple microcomputers. Its content outline, strategy, display, and online lesson editors correspond roughly to instructional design phases of content and strategy analysis, display creation, and computer programing…

Topics for Mathematics Clubs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dalton, LeRoy C., Ed.; Snyder, Henry D., Ed.

The ten chapters in this booklet cover topics not ordinarily discussed in the classroom: Fibonacci sequences, projective geometry, groups, infinity and transfinite numbers, Pascal's Triangle, topology, experiments with natural numbers, non-Euclidean geometries, Boolean algebras, and the imaginary and the infinite in geometry. Each chapter is…

Corrective Action Plan for Corrective Action Unit 568: Area 3 Plutonium Dispersion Sites Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, Revision 0 with ROTC 1

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Matthews, Patrick; Burmeister, Mark

2016-05-01

The purpose of this CAP is to provide the plan for implementation of the recommended corrective action alternatives (CAAs) for CAU 568. Site characterization activities were performed in 2014, and the results are presented in Appendix A of the CAU 568 CADD. The CAAs were recommended in the CADD. The scope of work required to implement the recommended CAAs of closure in place and clean closure at 11 of the 14 CASs includes the following: The installation of physical barriers over the nine safety experiment ground zeroes to cover contamination at CASs 03-23-20 (Otero), 03-23-23 (San Juan and Pascal-C), 03-23-31more » (Pascal-B, Luna, Colfax), 03-23-32 (Pascal-A), 03-23-33 (Valencia), and 03-23-34 (Chipmunk); the characterization and removal of three soil and debris piles at CAS 03-08-04, and one HCA soil pile at CAS 03-23-30; the removal of three steel well head covers (PSM) from CASs 03-23-20 (Otero), 03-23-31 (Luna), and 03-23-33 (Valencia); the removal of soil and lead PSM from two locations at CAS 03-26-04; Implementation of FFACO use restrictions at nine safety experiment ground zeroes at CASs 03-23-20, 03-23-23, 03-23-31, 03-23-32, 03-23-33, and 03-23-34; the steel well head cover at CAS 03-23-23; the areas meeting HCA conditions at CASs 03-23-19 and 03-23-31; and the Boomer crater area at CAS 03-45-01. The FFACO use restriction boundaries will be presented in the CAU 568 closure report.« less

neoPASCAL: A Cubesat-based approach to validate Mars GCMs using a network of landed sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moores, John; Podmore, Hugh; Lee, Regina S. K.; Haberle, Robert

2017-10-01

Beginning in the 1990s, concepts for a network of 15-20 small (12.8 kg) landers to measure surface pressure across Mars were proposed (Merrihew et al., 1996). Such distributed measurements were seen as particularly valuable as they held the promise of validating Mars Global Circulation Models (GCMs), for which the diurnal and seasonal variations in surface pressure may be diagnostically related to atmospheric parameters (Haberle et al., 1996). MicroMET, later renamed PASCAL, was a Discovery contender, however, the total mass required for the 20 landers and a support orbiter presented a challenge compared to the delivered science.In the 20 years since this concept originated, miniaturization of spacecraft systems, sensors and components has made substantial progress. Several small planetary science spacecraft based on the CubeSat design approach will launch in the next few years. Yet, only one meteorological station (REMS) currently operates on the surface of Mars. Meanwhile, the output from atmospheric models have become ever more critical for understanding key Martian geological processes including volatile transport, identifying the extent and persistence of surface brines, understanding the sources and sinks of methane and investigating the past climate of Mars, to name only a few areas.As such, it is time to reconsider the PASCAL concept. We find that modern equipment opens up payload space in the original 12.8 kg entry-vehicles from 23 g to nearly 1 kg, sufficient for adding small imagers, spectrometers and other additional or alternate payloads to examine atmosphere and surface over a wide geographic range of settings. If, instead, we seek the minimum solution for spacecraft mass, we find that a pressure-sensing vehicle would mass < 250 g at entry making these spacecraft appealing secondary payloads for future Mars missions.

Milliwatt radioisotope power supply for the PASCAL Mars surface stations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, Daniel T.; Murbach, Marcus S.

2001-02-01

A milliwatt power supply is being developed based on the 1 watt Light-Weight Radioisotope Heater Unit (RHU), which has already been used to provide heating alone on numerous spacecraft. In the past year the power supply has been integrated into the design of the proposed PASCAL Mars Network Mission, which is intended to place 24 surface climate monitoring stations on Mars. The PASCAL Mars mission calls for the individual surface stations to be transported together in one spacecraft on a trajectory direct from launch to orbit around Mars. From orbit around Mars each surface station will be deployed on a SCRAMP (slotted compression ramp) probe and, after aerodynamic and parachute deceleration, land at a preselected location on the planet. During descent sounding data and still images will be accumulated, and, once on the surface, the station will take measurements of pressure, temperature and overhead atmospheric optical depth for a period of 10 Mars years (18.8 Earth years). Power for periodic data acquisition and transmission to orbital then to Earth relay will come from a bank of ultracapacitors which will be continuously recharged by the radioisotope power supply. This electronic system has been designed and a breadboard built. In the ultimate design the electronics will be arrayed on the exterior surface of the radioisotope power supply in order to take advantage of the reject heat. This assembly in turn is packaged within the SCRAMP, and that assembly comprises the surface station. An electrically heated but otherwise prototypical power supply was operated in combination with the surface station breadboard system, which included the ultracapacitors. Other issues addressed in this work have been the capability of the generator to withstand the mechanical shock of the landing on Mars and the effectiveness of the generator's multi-foil vacuum thermal insulation. .

Experience with the Pascal® photocoagulator: An analysis of over 1200 laser procedures with regard to parameter refinement

PubMed Central

Sheth, Saumil; Lanzetta, Paolo; Veritti, Daniele; Zucchiatti, Ilaria; Savorgnani, Carola; Bandello, Francesco

2011-01-01

Aim: To systematically refine and recommend parameter settings of spot size, power, and treatment duration using the Pascal® photocoagulator, a multi-spot, semi-automated, short-duration laser system. Materials and Methods: A retrospective consecutive series with 752 Caucasian eyes and 1242 laser procedures over two years were grouped into, (1) 374 macular focal / grid photocoagulation (FP), (2), 666 panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and (3) 202 barrage photocoagulation (BP). Parameters for power, duration, spot number, and spot size were recorded for every group. Results: Power parameters for all groups showed a non-gaussian distribution; FP group, median 190 mW, range 100 – 950 mW, and PRP group, median 800 mW, range 100 – 2000 mW. On subgroup comparison, for similar spot size, as treatment duration decreased, the power required increased, albeit in a much lesser proportion than that given by energy = power × time. Most frequently used patterns were single spot (89% of cases) in FP, 5 × 5 box (72%) in PRP, and 2 × 2 box (78%) in BP. Spot diameters as high as ≈ 700 μm on retina were given in the PRP group. Single session PRP was attempted in six eyes with a median spot count of 3500. Conclusion: Overall, due to the small duration of its pulse, the Pascal® photocoagulator tends to use higher powers, although much lower cumulative energies, than those used in a conventional laser. The consequent lesser heat dissipation, especially lateral, can allow one to use relatively larger spot sizes and give more closely spaced burns, without incurring significant side effects. PMID:21350276

Design and Implementation of a Tool for Teaching Programming.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goktepe, Mesut; And Others

1989-01-01

Discussion of the use of computers in education focuses on a graphics-based system for teaching the Pascal programing language for problem solving. Topics discussed include user interface; notification based systems; communication processes; object oriented programing; workstations; graphics architecture; and flowcharts. (18 references) (LRW)

The Metamorphosis of an Introduction to Computer Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ben-Jacob, Marion G.

1997-01-01

Introductory courses in computer science at colleges and universities have undergone significant changes in 20 years. This article provides an overview of the history of introductory computer science (FORTRAN, ANSI flowchart symbols, BASIC, data processing concepts, and PASCAL) and its future (robotics and C++). (PEN)

Diamagnetic Corrections and Pascal's Constants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bain, Gordon A.; Berry, John F.

2008-01-01

Measured magnetic susceptibilities of paramagnetic substances must typically be corrected for their underlying diamagnetism. This correction is often accomplished by using tabulated values for the diamagnetism of atoms, ions, or whole molecules. These tabulated values can be problematic since many sources contain incomplete and conflicting data.…

The Pizza Problem: A Solution with Sequences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shafer, Kathryn G.; Mast, Caleb J.

2008-01-01

This article addresses the issues of coaching and assessing. A preservice middle school teacher's unique solution to the Pizza problem was not what the professor expected. The student's solution strategy, based on sequences and a reinvention of Pascal's triangle, is explained in detail. (Contains 8 figures.)

Deranged Exams

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spivey, Michael Z.

2010-01-01

This article discusses a triangle of numbers that are related to the derangement numbers. These numbers satisfy a Pascal-like recurrence relation with subtraction instead of addition. We describe how they relate to numbers studied by other authors and use them to generalize Euler's famous recurrence relation for the derangement numbers.

Sinking In

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kruse, Jerrid; Wilcox, Jesse

2015-01-01

High school students often enter classrooms with misconceptions about density. While many students may have studied the concept in middle school, they lack the understanding on which to build more advanced concepts, such as the particulate nature of matter. This lack of understanding poses problems for students' learning about Pascal's principle…

A Note on Discrete Mathematics and Calculus.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Reilly, Thomas J.

1987-01-01

Much of the current literature on the topic of discrete mathematics and calculus during the first two years of an undergraduate mathematics curriculum is cited. A relationship between the recursive integration formulas and recursively defined polynomials is described. A Pascal program is included. (Author/RH)

Melanges Pedagogiques (Pedagogical Mixture), 1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Melanges Pedagogiques, 1984

1984-01-01

The 1984 issue of the journal on second language teaching and learning contains five articles in French and two in English. These include the following: "Enseignement individuel vs. enseignement de masse (Individual Instruction vs. Large Group Instruction)" (Jacqueline Billant, Pascal Fade); "Systemes 'autonomisants' d'apprentissage des langues…

Study of VTOL in ground-effect flow field including temperature effect

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hill, W. G.; Jenkins, R. C.; Kalemaris, S. G.; Siclari, M. J.

1982-01-01

Detailed pressure, temperature, and velocity data were obtained for twin-fan configurations in-ground-effect and flow models to aid in predicting pressures and upwash forces on aircraft surfaces were developed. For the basic experiments, 49.5 mm-diameter jets were used, oriented normal to a simulated round plane, with pressurized, heated air providing a jet. The experimental data consisted of: (1) the effect of jet height and temperature on the ground, model, and upwash pressures, and temperatures, (2) the effect of simulated aircraft surfaces on the isolated flow field, (3) the jet-induced forces on a three-dimensional body with various strakes, (4) the effects of non-uniform coannular jets. For the uniform circular jets, temperature was varied from room temperature (24 C) to 232 C. Jet total pressure was varied between 9,300 Pascals and 31,500 Pascals. For the coannular jets, intended to represent turbofan engines, fan temperature was maintained at room temperature while core temperature was varied from room temperature to 437 C. Results are presented.

A top-down manner-based DCNN architecture for semantic image segmentation.

PubMed

Qiao, Kai; Chen, Jian; Wang, Linyuan; Zeng, Lei; Yan, Bin

2017-01-01

Given their powerful feature representation for recognition, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been driving rapid advances in high-level computer vision tasks. However, their performance in semantic image segmentation is still not satisfactory. Based on the analysis of visual mechanism, we conclude that DCNNs in a bottom-up manner are not enough, because semantic image segmentation task requires not only recognition but also visual attention capability. In the study, superpixels containing visual attention information are introduced in a top-down manner, and an extensible architecture is proposed to improve the segmentation results of current DCNN-based methods. We employ the current state-of-the-art fully convolutional network (FCN) and FCN with conditional random field (DeepLab-CRF) as baselines to validate our architecture. Experimental results of the PASCAL VOC segmentation task qualitatively show that coarse edges and error segmentation results are well improved. We also quantitatively obtain about 2%-3% intersection over union (IOU) accuracy improvement on the PASCAL VOC 2011 and 2012 test sets.

High-sensitivity NMR beyond 200,000 atmospheres of pressure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meier, T.; Reichardt, S.; Haase, J.

2015-08-01

Pressure-induced changes in the chemical or electronic structure of solids require pressures well into the Giga-Pascal (GPa) range due to the strong bonding. Anvil cell designs can reach such pressures, but their small and mostly inaccessible sample chamber has severely hampered NMR experiments in the past. With a new cell design that has a radio frequency (RF) micro-coil in the high pressure chamber, NMR experiments beyond 20 Giga-Pascal are reported for the first time. 1 H NMR of water shows sensitivity and resolution obtained with the cells, and 63 Cu NMR on a cuprate superconductor (YBa2Cu3O7-δ) demonstrates that single-crystals can be investigated, as well. 115 In NMR of the ternary chalcogenide AgInTe2 discovers an insulator-metal transition with shift and relaxation measurements. The pressure cells can be mounted easily on standard NMR probes that fit commercial wide-bore magnets with regular cryostats for field- and temperature-dependent measurements ready for many applications in physics and chemistry.

Electric Turbo Pump

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Steckler, Jessica

2017-01-01

NASA is working in junction with another company on the Electric Turbo Pump. Analysis of the impeller, including the blades, volute housing, and associated components, will take place in ANSYS. Contours of the deformed and stress were recorded to assess the parts. Campbell diagrams will be considered as mentioned to find the operating regions of the impeller and volute housing, more specifically what speed is ideal to ensure that the impeller does not begin to vibrate at a frequency that will break it. More than one material will be examined as per request by the designer to determine which material is more cost efficient, easy to machine, and can withstand the stress values that will be placed on it.

Performance potential of air turbo-ramjet employing supersonic through-flow fan

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kepler, C. E.; Champagne, G. A.

1989-01-01

A study was conducted to assess the performance potential of a supersonic through-flow fan in an advanced engine designed to power a Mach-5 cruise vehicle. It included a preliminary evaluation of fan performance requirements and the desirability of supersonic versus subsonic combustion, the design and performance of supersonic fans, and the conceptual design of a single-pass air-turbo-rocket/ramjet engine for a Mach 5 cruise vehicle. The study results showed that such an engine could provide high thrust over the entire speed range from sea-level takeoff to Mach 5 cruise, especially over the transonic speed range, and high fuel specific impulse at the Mach 5 cruise condition, with the fan windmilling.

Single-shot turbo spin echo acquisition for in vivo cardiac diffusion MRI.

PubMed

Edalati, Masoud; Lee, Gregory R; Hui Wang; Taylor, Michael D; Li, Yu Y

2016-08-01

Diffusion MRI offers the ability to noninvasively characterize the microstructure of myocardium tissue and detect disease related pathology in cardiovascular examination. This study investigates the feasibility of in vivo cardiac diffusion MRI under free-breathing condition. A high-speed imaging technique, correlation imaging, is used to enable single-shot turbo spin echo for free-breathing cardiac data acquisition. The obtained in vivo cardiac diffusion-weighted images illustrate robust image quality and minor geometry distortions. The resultant diffusion scalar maps show reliable quantitative values consistent with those previously published in the literature. It is demonstrated that this technique has the potential for in vivo free-breathing cardiac diffusion MRI.

How Pressure Became a Scalar, Not a Vector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalmers, Alan

2018-06-01

The gradual emergence of a science of hydrostatics during the course of the seventeenth century is testament to the fact that a technical concept of pressure that was up to the task was far from obvious. The first published version of a theory of hydrostatics containing the essentials of the modern theory appeared in book 2 of Isaac Newton's Principia. Newton derived the propositions of hydrostatics from a definition of a fluid as a medium unable to withstand a distorting force. Newton's reasoning required that pressure be understood as a force per unit area acting on either side of imaginary planes within the body of a fluid. For a fluid in equilibrium, the forces at some location within a fluid are independent of the orientation of such planes. As Newton came to realize, within the body of a liquid, pressure acts equally in all directions so that there is no resultant pressing in any direction. Pressure has an intensity but not a direction. In modern terms, it is a scalar, not a vector. Although earlier scholars such as Simon Stevin, Blaise Pascal, and Robert Boyle helped set the scene for Newton's innovations, they were unable to transcend the common sense of pressure as a directed force acting on the solid surfaces bounding a fluid.

Quantization and training of object detection networks with low-precision weights and activations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Bo; Liu, Jian; Zhou, Li; Wang, Yun; Chen, Jie

2018-01-01

As convolutional neural networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in object recognition and detection, there is a growing need for deploying these systems on resource-constrained mobile platforms. However, the computational burden and energy consumption of inference for these networks are significantly higher than what most low-power devices can afford. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a method to train object detection networks with low-precision weights and activations. The probability density functions of weights and activations of each layer are first directly estimated using piecewise Gaussian models. Then, the optimal quantization intervals and step sizes for each convolution layer are adaptively determined according to the distribution of weights and activations. As the most computationally expensive convolutions can be replaced by effective fixed point operations, the proposed method can drastically reduce computation complexity and memory footprint. Performing on the tiny you only look once (YOLO) and YOLO architectures, the proposed method achieves comparable accuracy to their 32-bit counterparts. As an illustration, the proposed 4-bit and 8-bit quantized versions of the YOLO model achieve a mean average precision of 62.6% and 63.9%, respectively, on the Pascal visual object classes 2012 test dataset. The mAP of the 32-bit full-precision baseline model is 64.0%.

Topology design and performance analysis of an integrated communication network

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Li, V. O. K.; Lam, Y. F.; Hou, T. C.; Yuen, J. H.

1985-01-01

A research study on the topology design and performance analysis for the Space Station Information System (SSIS) network is conducted. It is begun with a survey of existing research efforts in network topology design. Then a new approach for topology design is presented. It uses an efficient algorithm to generate candidate network designs (consisting of subsets of the set of all network components) in increasing order of their total costs, and checks each design to see if it forms an acceptable network. This technique gives the true cost-optimal network, and is particularly useful when the network has many constraints and not too many components. The algorithm for generating subsets is described in detail, and various aspects of the overall design procedure are discussed. Two more efficient versions of this algorithm (applicable in specific situations) are also given. Next, two important aspects of network performance analysis: network reliability and message delays are discussed. A new model is introduced to study the reliability of a network with dependent failures. For message delays, a collection of formulas from existing research results is given to compute or estimate the delays of messages in a communication network without making the independence assumption. The design algorithm coded in PASCAL is included as an appendix.

How Pressure Became a Scalar, Not a Vector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chalmers, Alan

2018-04-01

The gradual emergence of a science of hydrostatics during the course of the seventeenth century is testament to the fact that a technical concept of pressure that was up to the task was far from obvious. The first published version of a theory of hydrostatics containing the essentials of the modern theory appeared in book 2 of Isaac Newton's Principia. Newton derived the propositions of hydrostatics from a definition of a fluid as a medium unable to withstand a distorting force. Newton's reasoning required that pressure be understood as a force per unit area acting on either side of imaginary planes within the body of a fluid. For a fluid in equilibrium, the forces at some location within a fluid are independent of the orientation of such planes. As Newton came to realize, within the body of a liquid, pressure acts equally in all directions so that there is no resultant pressing in any direction. Pressure has an intensity but not a direction. In modern terms, it is a scalar, not a vector. Although earlier scholars such as Simon Stevin, Blaise Pascal, and Robert Boyle helped set the scene for Newton's innovations, they were unable to transcend the common sense of pressure as a directed force acting on the solid surfaces bounding a fluid.

CHROMASSI: a therapy advice system based on chrono-massage and acupression using the method of ZiWuLiuZhu.

PubMed

Nguyen, H P; Le, D L; Tran, Q M; Nguyen, V T; Nguyen, N O

1995-01-01

Massage and Acupression have a history of many years of use by the Vietnamese people in the treatment of diseases, and they can give wonderful therapeutic effects in painful syndromes and chronic diseases, etc. On the other hand, some methods of Chrono-Acupuncture based on chronobiological theory and the holistic concept of traditional medicine are studied and applied in clinical applications. This paper presents the therapy advice system based on Chrono-Massage and Acupression using the method of ZiWuLiuZhu called CHROMASSI. The system includes four major parts. Massage and Acupression Teaching: This part can provide the user with some background in Massage and Acupression theory such as the pathology of the meridians, the classification of points and their function, the therapeutic properties of points, the methods of Massage and Acupression (including Pression, Friction, Rubbing, Light Massage, Petrissage, Rolling and Rubbing, Percussion and Vibration), and the direction of the meridians circulation, displaying AcuPoints represented by color pictures of the 12 main meridians and 2 vessels. More than 330 popular AcuPoints are used in the system. Open AcuPoint Calculating: This module can help us to calculate open AcuPoints based on data about days, months, years and hours using the special method of ZiWuLiuZhu. The Points adopted by ZiWuLiuZhu are the Five Shu Points and Source Points including 66 points (all of them are located below the elbows and knees). The effectiveness of these points becomes particularly evident when they are needled or punctured at optimum time intervals. For example, at 9:00 a.m., September 22, 1994, the open Points by the ZiWuLiuZhu method will be the points K2 (Nhien Coc) and K10 (Am Coc). According to the chronotherapeutic method, first we have to pressure (or puncture) the above points in order to attain the sensation RDac KhiS (arrival of energy), then pressure the other treating points as in ordinary Massage and Acupression. Therapy Consultation: Knowledge of the system was provided by Prof. Nguyen Van Thang and Doctor Nguyen Nhu Oanh at the Vietnam National Institute of Oriental Medicine. CHROMASSI is able to advise on ways to treat about 153 diseases and symptoms in the following fields: Aches and Pains, Insomnia, Common Cold and Influenza, Sexual Disturbances, Medical Aesthetics in Face, Breast and Buttock, Hygiene, Cardio-Vascular Tract, Digestive Tract, Urinary Tract, Respiratory Tract, Genital Tract, Ear-Nose-Throat Tract, Nervous Tract. The system can provide information about Remarks, Acupoints formulas for treating by Massage and Acupression with colour pictures of meridians. Explanation: The CHROMASSI system can explain why the AcuPoints are used for treating diseases based on the theoretical bases of traditional Vietnamese medicine and on the meridians and collaterals system theory. The colour pictures representing the circulation of vital energy in the meridians are used for explanation. The CHROMASSI system was developed in TURBO-PROLOG and TURBO-PASCAL and can run on IBM PC/AT computers and compatibles. The system can be used for teaching and for clinics of Massage and Acupression combined with Chronotherapeutics. At present the system is used by some physicians for clinical applications. The first results indicate that, in 20 cases of generalized headache compared with the control group, the combining of chronoacupression using the ZiWuLiuZhu method and ordinary Massage and Acupression gave better effects than that obtained by either method alone.

Computer Aided Management for Information Processing Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akman, Ibrahim; Kocamustafaogullari, Kemal

1995-01-01

Outlines the nature of information processing projects and discusses some project management programming packages. Describes an in-house interface program developed to utilize a selected project management package (TIMELINE) by using Oracle Data Base Management System tools and Pascal programming language for the management of information system…

A Fractal Excursion.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Camp, Dane R.

1991-01-01

After introducing the two-dimensional Koch curve, which is generated by simple recursions on an equilateral triangle, the process is extended to three dimensions with simple recursions on a regular tetrahedron. Included, for both fractal sequences, are iterative formulae, illustrations of the first several iterations, and a sample PASCAL program.…

Advanced Developments for Low Temperature Turbo-Brayton Cryocoolers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nellis, G. F.; McCormick, J. A.; Sixsmith, H.; Zagarola, M. V.; Swift, W. L.; Gibbon, J. A.; Reilly, J. P.; Obenschain, Arthur F. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Turbo-Brayton cryocooler technology that has been space qualified and demonstrated on the NICMOS cryocooler is being adapted for applications with lower cooling loads at lower telqoeratures. The applications include sensor cooling for space platforms and telescopes at temperatures between 4 K and 35 K, where long life and reliable, vibration-free operation are important. This paper presents recent advances in the miniaturization of components that are critical to these systems. Key issues addressed in adapting the NICMOS cryocooler technology to lower temperatures involve reducing parasitic losses when scaling to smaller size machines. Recent advances include the successful design and testing of a small, permanent magnet driven compressor that operates at up to 10,000 rev/sec and the successful demonstration of self acting gas bearings supporting a I mm. diameter shaft. The compressor is important for cryocoolers with input powers between 50 W and 100 W. The miniature shaft and bearing system has applications in compressors and turbines at temperatures from 300 K to 6 K. These two technology milestones are fundamental to achieving exceptional thermodynamic performance from the turboBrayton system in low temperature systems. The paper discusses the development of these components and test results, and presents the implications of their performance on cryocooler systems.

Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pelvic Bone Metastases at 3.0 T: Comparison Between 3-dimensional T1-weighted CAIPIRINHA-VIBE Sequence and 2-dimensional T1-weighted Turbo Spin-Echo Sequence.

PubMed

Yoon, Min A; Hong, Suk-Joo; Lee, Kyu-Chong; Lee, Chang Hee

2018-06-12

This study aimed to compare 3-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo sequence (CAIPIRINHA-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination [VIBE]) with 2-dimensional T1-weighted turbo spin-echo sequence for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pelvic bone metastases at 3.0 T. Thirty-one contrast-enhanced MRIs of pelvic bone metastases were included. Two contrast-enhanced sequences were evaluated for the following parameters: overall image quality, sharpness of pelvic bone, iliac vessel clarity, artifact severity, and conspicuity and edge sharpness of the smallest metastases. Quantitative analysis was performed by calculating signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of the smallest metastases. Significant differences between the 2 sequences were assessed. CAIPIRINHA-VIBE had higher scores for overall image quality, pelvic bone sharpness, iliac vessel clarity, and edge sharpness of the metastatic lesions, and had less artifacts (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in conspicuity, signal-to-noise ratio, or contrast-to-noise ratio of the smallest metastases (P > 0.05). Our results suggest that CAIPIRINHA-VIBE may be superior to turbo spin-echo for contrast-enhanced MRI of pelvic bone metastases at 3.0 T.

Initial Test Results from a 6 K-10 K Turbo-Brayton Cryocooler for Space Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Swift, W. L.; Zagarola, M. V.; Breedlove, J. J.; McCormick, J. A.; Sixsmith, H.

2004-06-01

In March 2002, a single-stage turbo-Brayton cryocooler was installed on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to re-establish cooling to the detectors in the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrograph (NICMOS). The system has maintained the detectors at their operating temperature near 77 K since that time. Future NASA space missions require comparable low-vibration cooling for periods of five to ten years in the 6 K-10 K temperature range. Creare is extending the NICMOS cryocooler technology to meet these lower temperatures. The primary activities address the need for smaller turbomachines. Two helium compressors for a 6 K turbo-Brayton cycle have been developed and tested in a cryogenic test facility. They have met performance goals at design speeds of about 9,500 rev/s. A miniature, dual-temperature high specific speed turboalternator has been installed in this test facility and has been used to obtain extended operational life data during low temperature cryogenic tests. A smaller, low specific speed turboalternator using advanced gas bearings is under development to replace the original dual-temperature design. This machine should provide improvements in the thermodynamic performance of the cycle. This paper presents life test results for the low temperature system and discusses the development of the smaller turboalternator.

The problem of the turbo-compressor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Devillers, Rene

1920-01-01

In terminating the study of the adaptation of the engine to the airplane, we will examine the problem of the turbo-compressor,the first realization of which dates from the war; this will form an addition to the indications already given on supercharging at various altitudes. This subject is of great importance for the application of the turbo-compressor worked by the exhaust gases. As a matter of fact, a compressor increasing the pressure in the admission manifold may be controlled by the engine shaft by means of multiplication gear or by a turbine operated by the exhaust gas. Assuming that the increase of pressure in the admission manifold is the same in both cases, the pressure in the exhaust manifold would be greater in the case in which the compressor is worked by the exhaust gas and there would result a certain reduction of engine power which we must be able to calculate. On the other hand , if the compressor is controlled by the engine shaft, a certain fraction of the excess power supplied is utilized for the rotation of the compressor. In order to compare the two systems, it is there-fore necessary to determine the value of the reduction of power due to back pressure when the turbine is employed.

Performance Enhancement of MC-CDMA System through Novel Sensitive Bit Algorithm Aided Turbo Multi User Detection

PubMed Central

Kumaravel, Rasadurai; Narayanaswamy, Kumaratharan

2015-01-01

Multi carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system is a promising multi carrier modulation (MCM) technique for high data rate wireless communication over frequency selective fading channels. MC-CDMA system is a combination of code division multiple access (CDMA) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The OFDM parts reduce multipath fading and inter symbol interference (ISI) and the CDMA part increases spectrum utilization. Advantages of this technique are its robustness in case of multipath propagation and improve security with the minimize ISI. Nevertheless, due to the loss of orthogonality at the receiver in a mobile environment, the multiple access interference (MAI) appears. The MAI is one of the factors that degrade the bit error rate (BER) performance of MC-CDMA system. The multiuser detection (MUD) and turbo coding are the two dominant techniques for enhancing the performance of the MC-CDMA systems in terms of BER as a solution of overcome to MAI effects. In this paper a low complexity iterative soft sensitive bits algorithm (SBA) aided logarithmic-Maximum a-Posteriori algorithm (Log MAP) based turbo MUD is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides better BER performance with low complexity decoding, by mitigating the detrimental effects of MAI. PMID:25714917

Improved diagnosis of common bile duct stone with single-shot balanced turbo field-echo sequence in MRCP.

PubMed

Noda, Yoshifumi; Goshima, Satoshi; Kojima, Toshihisa; Kawaguchi, Shimpei; Kawada, Hiroshi; Kawai, Nobuyuki; Koyasu, Hiromi; Matsuo, Masayuki; Bae, Kyongtae T

2017-04-01

To evaluate the value of adding single-shot balanced turbo field-echo (b-TFE) sequence to conventional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) for the detection of common bile duct (CBD) stone. One hundred thirty-seven consecutive patients with suspected CBD stone underwent MRCP including single-shot b-TFE sequence. Twenty-five patients were confirmed with CBD stone by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or ultrasonography. Two radiologists reviewed two image protocols: protocol A (conventional MRCP protocol: unenhanced T1-, T2-, and respiratory-triggered three-dimensional fat-suppressed single-shot turbo spin-echo MRCP sequence) and protocol B (protocol A plus single-shot b-TFE sequence). The sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for the detection of CBD stone were compared. The sensitivity (72%) and NPV (94%) were the same between the two protocols. However, protocol B was greater in the specificity (99%) and PPV (94%) than protocol A (92% and 67%, respectively) (P = 0.0078 and 0.031, respectively). The AUC was significantly greater for protocol B (0.93) than for protocol A (0.86) (P = 0.026). Inclusion of single-shot b-TFE sequence to conventional MRCP significantly improved the specificity and PPV for the detection of CBD stone.

Performance Assessment of Two GPS Receivers on Space Shuttle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schroeder, Christine A.; Schutz, Bob E.

1996-01-01

Space Shuttle STS-69 was launched on September 7, 1995, carrying the Wake Shield Facility (WSF-02) among its payloads. The mission included two GPS receivers: a Collins 3M receiver onboard the Endeavour and an Osborne flight TurboRogue, known as the TurboStar, onboard the WSF-02. Two of the WSF-02 GPS Experiment objectives were to: (1) assess the ability to use GPS in a relative satellite positioning mode using the receivers on Endeavour and WSF-02; and (2) assess the performance of the receivers to support high precision orbit determination at the 400 km altitude. Three ground tests of the receivers were conducted in order to characterize the respective receivers. The analysis of the tests utilized the Double Differencing technique. A similar test in orbit was conducted during STS-69 while the WSF-02 was held by the Endeavour robot arm for a one hour period. In these tests, biases were observed in the double difference pseudorange measurements, implying that biases up to 140 m exist which do not cancel in double differencing. These biases appear to exist in the Collins receiver, but their effect can be mitigated by including measurement bias parameters to accommodate them in an estimation process. An additional test was conducted in which the orbit of the combined Endeavour/WSF-02 was determined independently with each receiver. These one hour arcs were based on forming double differences with 13 TurboRogue receivers in the global IGS network and estimating pseudorange biases for the Collins. Various analyses suggest the TurboStar overall orbit accuracy is about one to two meters for this period, based on double differenced phase residuals of 34 cm. These residuals indicate the level of unmodeled forces on Endeavour produced by gravitational and nongravitational effects. The rms differences between the two independently determined orbits are better than 10 meters, thereby demonstrating the accuracy of the Collins-determined orbit at this level as well as the accuracy of the relative positioning using these two receivers.

An Off-Grid Turbo Channel Estimation Algorithm for Millimeter Wave Communications.

PubMed

Han, Lingyi; Peng, Yuexing; Wang, Peng; Li, Yonghui

2016-09-22

The bandwidth shortage has motivated the exploration of the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency spectrum for future communication networks. To compensate for the severe propagation attenuation in the mmWave band, massive antenna arrays can be adopted at both the transmitter and receiver to provide large array gains via directional beamforming. To achieve such array gains, channel estimation (CE) with high resolution and low latency is of great importance for mmWave communications. However, classic super-resolution subspace CE methods such as multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and estimation of signal parameters via rotation invariant technique (ESPRIT) cannot be applied here due to RF chain constraints. In this paper, an enhanced CE algorithm is developed for the off-grid problem when quantizing the angles of mmWave channel in the spatial domain where off-grid problem refers to the scenario that angles do not lie on the quantization grids with high probability, and it results in power leakage and severe reduction of the CE performance. A new model is first proposed to formulate the off-grid problem. The new model divides the continuously-distributed angle into a quantized discrete grid part, referred to as the integral grid angle, and an offset part, termed fractional off-grid angle. Accordingly, an iterative off-grid turbo CE (IOTCE) algorithm is proposed to renew and upgrade the CE between the integral grid part and the fractional off-grid part under the Turbo principle. By fully exploiting the sparse structure of mmWave channels, the integral grid part is estimated by a soft-decoding based compressed sensing (CS) method called improved turbo compressed channel sensing (ITCCS). It iteratively updates the soft information between the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) estimator and the sparsity combiner. Monte Carlo simulations are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, and the results show that it enhances the angle detection resolution greatly.

Application of Six Sigma Model to Evaluate the Analytical Quality of Four HbA1c Analyzers.

PubMed

Maesa, Jos Eacute M; Fern Aacute Ndez-Riejos, Patricia; S Aacute Nchez-Mora, Catalina; Toro-Crespo, Mar Iacute A De; Gonz Aacute Lez-Rodriguez, Concepci Oacute N

2017-01-01

The Six Sigma Model is a global quality management system applicable to the determination of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). In addition, this model can ensure the three characteristics influencing the patient risk: the correct performance of the analytical method with low inaccuracy and bias, the quality control strategy used by the laboratory, and the necessary quality of the analyte. The aim of this study is to use the Six Sigma Model for evaluating quality criteria in the determination of glycated hemoglobin HbA1c and its application to assess four different HbA1c analyzers. Four HbA1c analyzers were evaluated: HA-8180V®, D-100®, G8®, and Variant II Turbo®. For 20 consecutive days, two levels of quality control (high and low) provided by the manufacturers were measured in each of the instruments. Imprecision (CV), bias, and Sigma values (σ) were calculated with the data obtained and a method decision chart was developed considering a range of quality requirements (allowable total error, TEa). For a TEa = 3%, HA-8180V = 1.54 σ, D-100 = 1.63 σ, G8 = 2.20 σ, and Variant II Turbo = -0.08 σ. For a TEa = 4%, HA-8180V = 2.34 σ, D-100 = 2.32 σ, G8 = 3.74 σ, and Variant II Turbo = 0.16 σ. For a TEa = 10%, HA8180V = 7.12 σ, D-100 = 6.46 σ, G8 = 13.0 σ, and Variant II Turbo = 1.56 σ. Applying the Stockholm consensus and its subsequent Milan review to the results: the maximum level in quality requirements for HbA1c is an allowable total error (TEa) = 3%, G8 is located in region 2 σ (2.20), which is a poor result, and HA-8180V and D-100 are both in region 1 σ (1.54 and 1.63, respectively), which is an unacceptable analytical performance.

Investigation of the Flow Physics Driving Stall-Side Flutter in Advanced Forward Swept Fan Designs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sanders, Albert J.; Liu, Jong S.; Panovsky, Josef; Bakhle, Milind A.; Stefko, George; Srivastava, Rakesh

2003-01-01

Flutter-free operation of advanced transonic fan designs continues to be a challenging task for the designers of aircraft engines. In order to meet the demands of increased performance and lighter weight, these modern fan designs usually feature low-aspect ratio shroudless rotor blade designs that make the task of achieving adequate flutter margin even more challenging for the aeroelastician. This is especially true for advanced forward swept designs that encompass an entirely new design space compared to previous experience. Fortunately, advances in unsteady computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques over the past decade now provide an analysis capability that can be used to quantitatively assess the aeroelastic characteristics of these next generation fans during the design cycle. For aeroelastic applications, Mississippi State University and NASA Glenn Research Center have developed the CFD code TURBO-AE. This code is a time-accurate three-dimensional Euler/Navier-Stokes unsteady flow solver developed for axial-flow turbomachinery that can model multiple blade rows undergoing harmonic oscillations with arbitrary interblade phase angles, i.e., nodal diameter patterns. Details of the code can be found in Chen et al. (1993, 1994), Bakhle et al. (1997, 1998), and Srivastava et al. (1999). To assess aeroelastic stability, the work-per-cycle from TURBO-AE is converted to the critical damping ratio since this value is more physically meaningful, with both the unsteady normal pressure and viscous shear forces included in the work-per-cycle calculation. If the total damping (aerodynamic plus mechanical) is negative, then the blade is unstable since it extracts energy from the flow field over the vibration cycle. TURBO-AE is an integral part of an aeroelastic design system being developed at Honeywell Engines, Systems & Services for flutter and forced response predictions, with test cases from development rig and engine tests being used to validate its predictive capability. A recent experimental program (Sanders et al., 2002) was aimed at providing the necessary unsteady aerodynamic and vibratory response data needed to validate TURBO-AE for fan flutter predictions. A comparison of numerical TURBO-AE simulations with the benchmark flutter data is given in Sanders et al. (2003), with the data used to guide the validation of the code and define best practices for performing accurate unsteady simulations. The agreement between the analyses and the predictions was quite remarkable, demonstrating the ability of the analysis to accurately model the unsteady flow processes driving stall-side flutter.

Dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating the female pelvis.

PubMed

Gousse, A E; Barbaric, Z L; Safir, M H; Madjar, S; Marumoto, A K; Raz, S

2000-11-01

We assessed the merit of dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo sequence T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating pelvic organ prolapse and all other female pelvic pathology by prospectively correlating clinical with imaging findings. From September 1997 to April 1998, 100 consecutive women 23 to 88 years old with (65) and without (35) pelvic organ prolapse underwent half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo sequence dynamic pelvic T2-weighted MRI at our institution using a 1.5 Tesla magnet with phased array coils. Mid sagittal and parasagittal views with the patient supine, relaxed and straining were obtained using no pre-examination preparation or instrumentation. We evaluated the anterior vaginal wall, bladder, urethra, posterior vaginal wall, rectum, pelvic floor musculature, perineum, uterus, vaginal cuff, ovaries, ureters and intraperitoneal organs for all pathological conditions, including pelvic prolapse. Patients underwent a prospective physical examination performed by a female urologist, and an experienced radiologist blinded to pre-imaging clinical findings interpreted all studies. Physical examination, MRI and intraoperative findings were statistically correlated. Total image acquisition time was 2.5 minutes, room time 10 minutes and cost American $540. Half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo T2-weighted MRI revealed pathological entities other than pelvic prolapse in 55 cases, including uterine fibroids in 11, ovarian cysts in 9, bilateral ureteronephrosis in 3, nabothian cyst in 7, Bartholin's gland cyst in 4, urethral diverticulum in 3, polytetrafluoroethylene graft abscess in 3, bladder diverticulum in 2, sacral spinal abnormalities in 2, bladder tumor in 1, sigmoid diverticulosis in 1 and other in 9. Intraoperative findings were considered the gold standard against which physical examination and MRI were compared. Using these criteria the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of MRI were 100%, 83% and 97% for cystocele; 100%, 75% and 94% for urethrocele; 100%, 54% and 33% for vaginal vault prolapse; 83%, 100% and 100% for uterine prolapse; 87%, 80% and 91% for enterocele; and 76%, 50% and 96% for rectocele. Dynamic half Fourier acquisition, single shot turbo spin-echo MRI appears to be an important adjunct in the comprehensive evaluation of the female pelvis. Except for rectocele, pelvic floor prolapse is accurately staged and pelvic organ pathology reliably detected. The technique is rapid, noninvasive and cost-effective, and it allows the clinician to visualize the whole pelvis using a single dynamic study that provides superb anatomical detail.

The Chess and Mathematics Connection: More than Just a Game

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berkman, Robert M.

2004-01-01

This article describes connections between chess and mathematics, including examples of activities that connect chess with set theory, patterns, algebra, geometry, combinatorics, and Pascal's triangle. The author observes that competitive games play a dual purpose in advancing the work of mathematics educators: to reinforce a specific skill and to…

40 CFR 60.343 - Monitoring of emissions and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber. The monitoring device must be accurate within ±250 pascals (one inch of water). (2) A monitoring device for continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control device. The monitoring device...

40 CFR 60.384 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... wet scrubbing emission control device. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure and must be calibrated on an annual... continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid flow rate to a wet scrubber for any affected facility using...

40 CFR 60.384 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... wet scrubbing emission control device. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure and must be calibrated on an annual... continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid flow rate to a wet scrubber for any affected facility using...

Student's Lab Assignments in PDE Course with MAPLE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ponidi, B. Alhadi

Computer-aided software has been used intensively in many mathematics courses, especially in computational subjects, to solve initial value and boundary value problems in Partial Differential Equations (PDE). Many software packages were used in student lab assignments such as FORTRAN, PASCAL, MATLAB, MATHEMATICA, and MAPLE in order to accelerate…

Implementation of the Automated Numerical Model Performance Metrics System

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-26

question. As of this writing, the DSRC IBM AIX machines DaVinci and Pascal, and the Cray XT Einstein all use the PBS batch queuing system for...3.3). 12 Appendix A – General Automation System This system provides general purpose tools and a general way to automatically run

40 CFR 60.683 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... provisions of this subpart who uses a wet scrubbing control device to comply with the mass emission standard... be certified by its manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water gauge) over its... uses a wet electrostatic precipitator control device to comply with the mass emission standard shall...

40 CFR 60.683 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... provisions of this subpart who uses a wet scrubbing control device to comply with the mass emission standard... be certified by its manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water gauge) over its... uses a wet electrostatic precipitator control device to comply with the mass emission standard shall...

40 CFR 60.683 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... provisions of this subpart who uses a wet scrubbing control device to comply with the mass emission standard... be certified by its manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water gauge) over its... uses a wet electrostatic precipitator control device to comply with the mass emission standard shall...

40 CFR 60.384 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... wet scrubbing emission control device. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure and must be calibrated on an annual... continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid flow rate to a wet scrubber for any affected facility using...

40 CFR 60.384 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... wet scrubbing emission control device. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure and must be calibrated on an annual... continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid flow rate to a wet scrubber for any affected facility using...

40 CFR 60.384 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... wet scrubbing emission control device. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure and must be calibrated on an annual... continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid flow rate to a wet scrubber for any affected facility using...

Modula-3 Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardelli, Luca; And Others

Designed by the DEC Systems Research Center and the Olivetti Research Center, the programming language Modula-3 descends from Mesa, Modula-2, Cedar, and Module-2+, and resembles Object Pascal, Oberon, and Euclid. A notable feature of this language family is the use of modules to delineate the separation between the implementation and the use of…

A Laboratory Application of Microcomputer Graphics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gehring, Kalle B.; Moore, John W.

1983-01-01

A PASCAL graphics and instrument interface program for a Z80/S-100 based microcomputer was developed. The computer interfaces to a stopped-flow spectrophotometer replacing a storage oscilloscope and polaroid camera. Applications of this system are discussed, indicating that graphics and analog-to-digital boards have transformed the computer into…

Computer Series, 101: Accurate Equations of State in Computational Chemistry Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Albee, David; Jones, Edward

1989-01-01

Discusses the use of computers in chemistry courses at the United States Military Academy. Provides two examples of computer projects: (1) equations of state, and (2) solving for molar volume. Presents BASIC and PASCAL listings for the second project. Lists 10 applications for physical chemistry. (MVL)

Application of Computer Graphics to Graphing in Algebra and Trigonometry. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, J. Richard

This project was designed to improve the graphing competency of students in elementary algebra, intermediate algebra, and trigonometry courses at Virginia Commonwealth University. Computer graphics programs were designed using an Apple II Plus computer and implemented using Pascal. The software package is interactive and gives students control…

The Most Important Languages Today.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graduating Engineer, 1985

1985-01-01

Lists and describes seven languages (COBOL, FORTRAN, BASIC, PASCAL, C, ADA, and LISP), pointing out that familiarity with one or more will enhance employability. Also lists and describes four operating systems (MSDOS, UNIX, MVS, and VAXX/VMS), indicating that knowledge of these systems will further enhance employability or on-the-job performance.…

A Special Trinomial Expansion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayoub, Ayoub B.

2006-01-01

In this article, the author takes up the special trinomial (1 + x + x[squared])[superscript n] and shows that the coefficients of its expansion are entries of a Pascal-like triangle. He also shows how to calculate these entries recursively and explicitly. This article could be used in the classroom for enrichment. (Contains 1 table.)

Pascal's Wager: Betting on the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schejbal, David

2012-01-01

This article presents an interview with David Schejbal, the chair of the 2012 UPCEA Annual Conference, about environmentalism and the role of continuing education. In this interview, Schejbal shares why he suggested the theme of sustainability for the annual conference. He says it is because all of them in the conference are continuing…

Mini-Micro CDS/ISIS in the Thailand Development Research Institute Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wongkoltoot, Poonsin; Indee, Somsak

1992-01-01

Describes the Thailand Development Research Institute Library's development of an integrated bibliographic system using UNESCO's Micro-ISIS software. Linkages between databases were made using an in-house application (TIBIS) written in CDS/ISIS Pascal. The library system is available on a local area network (LAN). (three references) (EA)

Personal-Computer Video-Terminal Emulator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buckley, R. H.; Koromilas, A.; Smith, R. M.; Lee, G. E.; Giering, E. W.

1985-01-01

OWL-1200 video terminal emulator has been written for IBM Personal Computer. The OWL-1200 is a simple user terminal with some intelligent capabilities. These capabilities include screen formatting and block transmission of data. Emulator is written in PASCAL and Assembler for the IBM Personal Computer operating under DOS 1.1.

A Brief Look at the History of Probability and Statistics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lightner, James E.

1991-01-01

The historical development of probability theory is traced from its early origins in games of chance through its mathematical foundations in the work of Pascal and Fermat. The roots of statistics are also presented beginning with early actuarial developments through the work of Laplace, Gauss, and others. (MDH)

Problems on Divisibility of Binomial Coefficients

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Osler, Thomas J.; Smoak, James

2004-01-01

Twelve unusual problems involving divisibility of the binomial coefficients are represented in this article. The problems are listed in "The Problems" section. All twelve problems have short solutions which are listed in "The Solutions" section. These problems could be assigned to students in any course in which the binomial theorem and Pascal's…

Challenge '89: Interfacing of Chemical Instruments to Computers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lyons, Jim; Lamarre, Colin

This project involved interfacing of microcomputers with three chemical instruments--Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), and the spectrophotometer. A Pascal program called "Spectrum" allows data from the NMR to be read and graphed, a specific area of the graph zoomed, ratios of specified areas of the graph…

Information-reduced Carrier Synchronization of Iterative Decoded BPSK and QPSK using Soft Decision (Extrinsic) Feedback

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Simon, Marvin; Valles, Esteban; Jones, Christopher

2008-01-01

This paper addresses the carrier-phase estimation problem under low SNR conditions as are typical of turbo- and LDPC-coded applications. In previous publications by the first author, closed-loop carrier synchronization schemes for error-correction coded BPSK and QPSK modulation were proposed that were based on feeding back hard data decisions at the input of the loop, the purpose being to remove the modulation prior to attempting to track the carrier phase as opposed to the more conventional decision-feedback schemes that incorporate such feedback inside the loop. In this paper, we consider an alternative approach wherein the extrinsic soft information from the iterative decoder of turbo or LDPC codes is instead used as the feedback.

Preliminary design of mesoscale turbocompressor and rotordynamics tests of rotor bearing system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hossain, Md Saddam

2011-12-01

A mesoscale turbocompressor spinning above 500,000 RPM is evolutionary technology for micro turbochargers, turbo blowers, turbo compressors, micro-gas turbines, auxiliary power units, etc for automotive, aerospace, and fuel cell industries. Objectives of this work are: (1) to evaluate different air foil bearings designed for the intended applications, and (2) to design & perform CFD analysis of a micro-compressor. CFD analysis of shrouded 3-D micro compressor was conducted using Ansys Bladegen as blade generation tool, ICEM CFD as mesh generation tool, and CFX as main solver for different design and off design cases and also for different number of blades. Comprehensive experimental facilities for testing the turbocompressor system have been also designed and proposed for future work.

Strength analysis of an aircraft turbo-compressor engine turbine disc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klimko, Marek

2017-09-01

This article deals with a strength analysis of a gas turbine rotor disc of the concrete type of an aircraft turbo-compressor engine (ATCE). The introductory part is dedicated to a basic description of the given engine, including the main technical parameters entering the calculation. The calculation is carried out by the finite difference method. This method allows to determine the tension of a generally shaped disc, which is affected by centrifugal forces of its weight, external load and heat stress caused by the difference of thermal gradients along the disc radius. The result of calculations are dependencies of the most important parameters, such as the reduced stress, radial stress, or the safety coefficient along the disc radius.

A Three-Dimensional Linearized Unsteady Euler Analysis for Turbomachinery Blade Rows

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Montgomery, Matthew D.; Verdon, Joseph M.

1997-01-01

A three-dimensional, linearized, Euler analysis is being developed to provide an efficient unsteady aerodynamic analysis that can be used to predict the aeroelastic and aeroacoustic responses of axial-flow turbo-machinery blading.The field equations and boundary conditions needed to describe nonlinear and linearized inviscid unsteady flows through a blade row operating within a cylindrical annular duct are presented. A numerical model for linearized inviscid unsteady flows, which couples a near-field, implicit, wave-split, finite volume analysis to a far-field eigenanalysis, is also described. The linearized aerodynamic and numerical models have been implemented into a three-dimensional linearized unsteady flow code, called LINFLUX. This code has been applied to selected, benchmark, unsteady, subsonic flows to establish its accuracy and to demonstrate its current capabilities. The unsteady flows considered, have been chosen to allow convenient comparisons between the LINFLUX results and those of well-known, two-dimensional, unsteady flow codes. Detailed numerical results for a helical fan and a three-dimensional version of the 10th Standard Cascade indicate that important progress has been made towards the development of a reliable and useful, three-dimensional, prediction capability that can be used in aeroelastic and aeroacoustic design studies.

Laboratory-based validation of the baseline sensors of the ITER diagnostic residual gas analyzer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klepper, C. C.; Biewer, T. M.; Marcus, C.; Andrew, P.; Gardner, W. L.; Graves, V. B.; Hughes, S.

2017-10-01

The divertor-specific ITER Diagnostic Residual Gas Analyzer (DRGA) will provide essential information relating to DT fusion plasma performance. This includes pulse-resolving measurements of the fuel isotopic mix reaching the pumping ducts, as well as the concentration of the helium generated as the ash of the fusion reaction. In the present baseline design, the cluster of sensors attached to this diagnostic's differentially pumped analysis chamber assembly includes a radiation compatible version of a commercial quadrupole mass spectrometer, as well as an optical gas analyzer using a plasma-based light excitation source. This paper reports on a laboratory study intended to validate the performance of this sensor cluster, with emphasis on the detection limit of the isotopic measurement. This validation study was carried out in a laboratory set-up that closely prototyped the analysis chamber assembly configuration of the baseline design. This includes an ITER-specific placement of the optical gas measurement downstream from the first turbine of the chamber's turbo-molecular pump to provide sufficient light emission while preserving the gas dynamics conditions that allow for \\textasciitilde 1 s response time from the sensor cluster [1].

Automation of the 1.3-meter Robotically Controlled Telescope (RCT)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gelderman, Richard; Treffers, Richard R.

2011-03-01

This poster describes the automation for the Robotically Controlled Telescope (RCT) Consortium of the 50-inch telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Building upon the work of the previous contractor the telescope, dome and instrument were wired for totally autonomous (robotic) observations. The existing motors, encoders, limit switches and cables were connected to an open industrial panel that allows easy interconnection, troubleshooting and modifications. A sixteen axis Delta Tau Turbo PMAC controller is used to control all motors, encoders, flat field lights and many of the digital functions of the telescope. ADAM industrial I/O bricks are used for additional digital and analog I/O functions. Complex relay logic problems, such as the mirror cover opening sequence and the slit control, are managed using Allen Bradley Pico PLDs. Most of the low level software is written in C using the GNU compiler. The basic functionality uses an ASCII protocol communicating over Berkeley sockets. Early versions of this software were developed at U.C. Berkeley, for what was to become the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT) at Lick Observatory. ASCII communications are useful for control, testing and easy to debug by looking at the log files; C-shell scripts are written to form more complex orchestrations.

Influence of clamping plate permeability and metal screen structures on three-dimensional magnetic field and eddy current loss in end region of a turbo-generator by numerical analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Likun, Wang; Weili, Li; Yi, Xue; Chunwei, Guan

2013-11-01

A significant problem of turbogenerators on complex end structures is overheating of local parts caused by end losses in the end region. Therefore, it is important to investigate the 3-D magnetic field and eddy current loss in the end. In end region of operating large turbogenerator at thermal power plants, magnetic leakage field distribution is complex. In this paper, a 3-D mathematical model used for the calculation of the electromagnetic field in the end region of large turbo-generators is given. The influence of spatial locations of end structures, the actual shape and material of end windings, clamping plate, and copper screen are considered. Adopting the time-step finite element (FE) method and taking the nonlinear characteristics of the core into consideration, a 3-D transient magnetic field is calculated. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of clamping plate permeability and metal screen structures on 3-D electromagnetic field distribution and eddy current loss in end region of a turbo-generator. To reduce the temperature of copper screen, a hollow metal screen is proposed. The eddy current loss, which is gained from the 3D transient magnetic field, is used as heat source for the thermal field of end region. The calculated temperatures are compared with test data.

Developments in Turbo-Brayton Power Converters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zagarola, Mark V.; Crowley, Christopher J.; Swift, Walter L.

2003-01-01

Design studies show that a Brayton cycle power unit is an extremely attractive option for thermal-to-electric power conversion on long-duration, space missions. At low power levels (50 to 100 We), a Brayton system should achieve a conversion efficiency between 20% and 40% depending on the radiative heat sink temperature. The expected mass of the converter for these power levels is about 3 kg. The mass of the complete system consisting of the converter, the electronics, a radiator, and a single general purpose heat source should be about 6 kg. The system is modular and the technology is readily scalable to higher power levels (to greater than 10 kWe) where conversion efficiencies of between 28% and 45% are expected, the exact value depending on sink temperature and power level. During a recently completed project, key physical features of the converter were determined, and key operating characteristics were demonstrated for a system of this size. The key technologies in these converters are derived from those which have been developed and successfully implemented in miniature turbo-Brayton cryogenic refrigerators for space applications. These refrigerators and their components have been demonstrated to meet rigorous requirements for vibration emittance and susceptibility, acoustic susceptibility, electromagnetic interference and susceptibility, environmental cycling, and endurance. Our progress in extending the underlying turbo-Brayton cryocooler technologies to thermal-to-electric power converters is the subject of this paper.

Magnetic resonance imaging of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised children: comparison with multidetector computed tomography.

PubMed

Ozcan, H Nursun; Gormez, Ayşegul; Ozsurekci, Yasemin; Karakaya, Jale; Oguz, Berna; Unal, Sule; Cetin, Mualla; Ceyhan, Mehmet; Haliloglu, Mithat

2017-02-01

Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to detect pulmonary infection in immunocompromised children. To compare MRI and multidetector CT findings of pulmonary abnormalities in immunocompromised children. Seventeen neutropaenic children (6 girls; ages 2-18 years) were included. Non-contrast-enhanced CT was performed with a 64-detector CT scanner. Axial and coronal non-enhanced thoracic MRI was performed using a 1.5-T scanner within 24 h of the CT examination (true fast imaging with steady-state free precession, fat-saturated T2-weighted turbo spin echo with motion correction, T2-weighted half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo [HASTE], fat-saturated T1-weighted spoiled gradient echo). Pulmonary abnormalities (nodules, consolidations, ground glass opacities, atelectasis, pleural effusion and lymph nodes) were evaluated and compared among MRI sequences and between MRI and CT. The relationship between MRI sequences and nodule sizes was examined by chi- square test. Of 256 CT lesions, 207 (81%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 76-85%) were detected at MRI. Of 202 CT-detected nodules, 157 (78%, 95% CI 71-83%) were seen at motion-corrected MRI. Of the 1-5-mm nodules, 69% were detected by motion-corrected T2-weighted MRI and 38% by HASTE MRI. Sensitivity of MRI (both axial fat-saturated T2-weighted turbo spin echo with variable phase encoding directions (BLADE) images and HASTE sequences) to detect pulmonary abnormalities is promising.

The Voith Turbo Fin (VTF) A New System To Improve The Performance Of Escort Tractor Voith Tugs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iglesias Baniela, Santiago; García Melón, Enrique

The geometry of the skeg in the Escort Tractor Voith tugs is the result of a series of intense investigations in the forms of the tug and its fins, oriented to get a significant improvement in the forces on the towing line when the indirect method is used in the escort towing. For that, and with the aim of getting the best behaviour of this fin, a variety of options have been investigated for years, evaluating its merits in terms of lift force and complexity to reach the present designs, which are adapted to the functions which the tug is destined to carry out. With the object of optimizing the lift force in the skeg when the indirect method is used in the escort towing, and after long investigations, the Voith Turbo Marine has incorporated a rotating cylinder at the leading edge to its design in escort towing for the first time at the beginning of 2005. The leading edge is the part over which the water flow first falls upon in normal escort operation conditions, calling this new development Voith Turbo Fin (VTF) to the system as a whole (skeg and rotating cylinder). This fin is analyzed in this article especially with regard to its basis, ways of operation and efficiency of the novel joining rotating cylinder.

Semiautomated determination of neonicotinoids and characteristic metabolite in urine samples using TurboFlow™ coupled to ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap analyzer.

PubMed

López-García, Marina; Romero-González, Roberto; Lacasaña, Marina; Garrido Frenich, Antonia

2017-11-30

A semiautomated method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam) and the metabolite acetamiprid-n-desmethyl in urine samples. Two automated methods were tested (solid-phase extraction "SPE" and turbulent flow chromatography "TurboFlow™"), obtaining the best results when TurboFlow™ was applied. The total analysis time for the developed method was 14min. The optimized method was validated, obtaining suitable results for all validation parameters. Recoveries ranged from 78% to 116% meanwhile repeatability and reproducibility were evaluated obtaining values lower than 10% and 20% respectively (except for dinotefuran and nitenpyram at 0.2μgL -1 ). The limit of quantification (LOQ) for all compounds was established at 0.2μgL -1 . The proposed analytical methodology was applied to analyze the target compounds in thirty six urine samples from pregnant women living in agricultural areas of Almería (Spain). Imidacloprid, acetamiprid and acetamiprid-n-desmethyl were detected in some of the samples at concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 1.57μgL -1 . Furthermore, dinotefuran was identified in two samples at trace levels. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Unsteady Flowfield in a High-Pressure Turbine Modeled by TURBO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bakhle, Milind A.; Mehmed, Oral

2003-01-01

Forced response, or resonant vibrations, in turbomachinery components can cause blades to crack or fail because of the large vibratory blade stresses and subsequent high-cycle fatigue. Forced-response vibrations occur when turbomachinery blades are subjected to periodic excitation at a frequency close to their natural frequency. Rotor blades in a turbine are constantly subjected to periodic excitations when they pass through the spatially nonuniform flowfield created by upstream vanes. Accurate numerical prediction of the unsteady aerodynamics phenomena that cause forced-response vibrations can lead to an improved understanding of the problem and offer potential approaches to reduce or eliminate specific forced-response problems. The objective of the current work was to validate an unsteady aerodynamics code (named TURBO) for the modeling of the unsteady blade row interactions that can cause forced response vibrations. The three-dimensional, unsteady, multi-blade-row, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes turbomachinery code named TURBO was used to model a high-pressure turbine stage for which benchmark data were recently acquired under a NASA contract by researchers at the Ohio State University. The test article was an initial design for a high-pressure turbine stage that experienced forced-response vibrations which were eliminated by increasing the axial gap. The data, acquired in a short duration or shock tunnel test facility, included unsteady blade surface pressures and vibratory strains.

Nearest Neighbor Searching in Binary Search Trees: Simulation of a Multiprocessor System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Mark; Willett, Peter

1987-01-01

Describes the simulation of a nearest neighbor searching algorithm for document retrieval using a pool of microprocessors. Three techniques are described which allow parallel searching of a binary search tree as well as a PASCAL-based system, PASSIM, which can simulate these techniques. Fifty-six references are provided. (Author/LRW)

Social Inclusion: Universities and Regional Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Bruce

2011-01-01

At a time when the OECD (2007) is advocating more local engagement for higher education institutions, this study looks at a number of community initiatives in Australia where local universities have played a key role. All were studied as part of the PASCAL Universities and Regional Engagement (PURE) project, which involves a total of 19 regions…

40 CFR 60.403 - Monitoring of emissions and operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber. The monitoring device must be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals (±1 inch water) gauge pressure. (2) A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control...

The Road to Computer Literacy. Part V: Objectives and Activities for Grades 10-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bitter, Gary

1983-01-01

Presents computer-oriented activities in computer awareness and programing for students in grades 10-12. Intended for use by teachers of all disciplines, activities include such topics as prediction, interpretation and generalization of data, computer systems, PASCAL and PILOT programing, sampling techniques, computer survival, invasion of…

The Operating System Jungle: Finding a Common Path Keeps Getting More Difficult.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pournelle, Jerry

1984-01-01

Describes the computer field before the advent of CP/M (Control Program for Microcomputers), an operating system which facilitated compatibility between different computers. CP/M's functions and flaws and the advent of Apple DOS and UCSD Pascal, two additional widely used operating systems, and the significance of their development are also…

Clearing a Path: The 16-Bit Operating System Jungle Offers Confusion, Not Standardization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pournelle, Jerry

1984-01-01

Discusses the design and limited uses of the Pascal, MS-DOS, CP/M, and PC-DOS operating systems as standard operating systems for 16-bit microprocessors, especially with the more sophisticated microcomputers currently being developed. Advantages and disadvantages of Unix--a multitasking, multiuser operating system--as a standard operating system…

Diagnostic and Treatment Innovations for Mass Casualties

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-08-01

measurement * U.S. Customary Units Multiply by International Units Divide by † Length/ Area /Volume inch (in) 2.54 × 10 –2 meter (m) foot...cal) (thermochemical) 4.184 joule (J) Pressure atmosphere (atm) 1.013 250 × 10 5 pascal (Pa) pound force per square inch (psi) 6.984 757 × 10

40 CFR 60.674 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascals ±1 inch water gauge pressure and must be... monthly periodic inspections to check that water is flowing to discharge spray nozzles in the wet... corrective action as expediently as practical if the owner or operator finds that water is not flowing...

High pressure inactivation of HAV within oysters: comparison of shucked oysters with whole in shell meats

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

High pressure inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) within oysters bioaccumulated under simulated natural conditions to levels >106 PFU/oyster has been evaluated. Five min treatments at 20C were administered at 350, 375, and 400 MegaPascals (MPa). Shucked and whole-in-shell oysters were directly...

40 CFR 61.126 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... operator of any source subject to this subpart using a wet-scrubbing emission control device shall install... manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascal (±1 inch of water). The owner or operator of any source subject to this subpart using a wet-scrubbing emission control device shall also install, calibrate, maintain...

40 CFR 61.126 - Monitoring of operations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... operator of any source subject to this subpart using a wet-scrubbing emission control device shall install... manufacturer to be accurate within ±250 pascal (±1 inch of water). The owner or operator of any source subject to this subpart using a wet-scrubbing emission control device shall also install, calibrate, maintain...

Research on Mathematical Animation Using Pascal Animation as an Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weng, Ting-Sheng; Yang, Der-Ching

2017-01-01

Most students thinking mathematics is a difficult subject. This study aims to enhance students' motivation and efficiency in learning mathematics. This study developed 3D animation on the binomial theorem with historical stories of mathematics as the plot. It also examined the effect of animation on students' learning willingness and…

A Framing Primer for Community College Leaders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nausieda, Ryan

2014-01-01

The purpose of this article is to be a tool for community college leaders, as well as campus members, to positively and effectively utilize framing on their campuses. The fictional case of Maggie Pascal at Midwestern Community College illustrates the process of framing the change of a new partnership with Wind Energy Corporation to internal…

Moving On

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aarons, Dakarai I.

2009-01-01

Pascal D. Forgione Jr., who has been the superintendent of the Austin Independent School District since August 1999, will retire in June. In the rough-and-tumble world of the urban superintendency, such long tenures are a relative rarity. As he prepares to leave the stage, Pat Forgione is being praised locally and nationally for his leadership in…

Partial Row-Sums of Pascal's Triangle

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ollerton, Richard L.

2007-01-01

Identities for many and varied combinations of binomial coefficients abound. Indeed, because of the wide range of interrelationships it is possible that a great deal of mathematical effort has been wasted in proving essentially equivalent formulae. As well as proving identities these methods can be used to rule out closed form solutions (at least…

The Spirit of Investigation: Modifying Pascal and Fibonacci

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopez-Real, Francis

2008-01-01

Using investigations in teaching mathematics has for many years become an established feature of most curricula around the world. Investigations can be a vehicle for enabling children to experience the genuine excitement that comes from mathematical discovery. The true spirit of inquiry and investigation lies in the mind-set that continually asks…

Rediscovering Pascal's Mystic Hexagon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Augros, Michael

2012-01-01

While the path to mathematical discovery is often intuitive and not simply reducible to the application of a method, neither is it in most cases entirely haphazard. Certain kinds of questions and certain ways of looking at things tend to produce new and interesting results. To illustrate, this paper tells a story of how someone might discover…

Selection and Use of General-Purpose Programming Languages--Overview. Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cugini, John V.

This study presents a review of selection factors for the seven major general-purpose programming languages: Ada, BASIC, C, COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL, and PL/I. The factors covered include not only the logical operations within each language, but also the advantages and disadvantages stemming from the current computing environment, e.g., software…

Plato, Pascal, and the Dynamics of Personal Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Otte, Michael Friedrich; Campos, Tania M. M.; Abido, Alexandre S.

2013-01-01

Educational practices are to be based on proven scientific knowledge, not least because the function science has to perform in human culture consists of unifying practical skills and general beliefs, the episteme and the techne (Amsterdamski, 1975, pp. 43-44). Now, modern societies first of all presuppose regular and standardized ways of…

40 CFR 86.321-79 - NDIR water rejection ratio check.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

....321-79 NDIR water rejection ratio check. (a) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (b) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at room temperature directly to the analyzer. (c) Determine and record the analyzer operating pressure (GP) in absolute units in pascals...

40 CFR 86.321-79 - NDIR water rejection ratio check.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

....321-79 NDIR water rejection ratio check. (a) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (b) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at room temperature directly to the analyzer. (c) Determine and record the analyzer operating pressure (GP) in absolute units in pascals...

40 CFR 86.321-79 - NDIR water rejection ratio check.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....321-79 NDIR water rejection ratio check. (a) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (b) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at room temperature directly to the analyzer. (c) Determine and record the analyzer operating pressure (GP) in absolute units in pascals...

"Split and Fit": A Faculty Subgroup Self-Organizes and Creates a Different Culture.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Furtwengler, Willis J.; Furtwengler, Carol B.; Owens, Melva; Turk, Randall

A team of graduate students and educational administration professors, as part of a field-based doctoral program, discovered the "split and fit" culture during an evaluation of the school's Continuous Progress Primary Program (CPPP). According to Pascale (1990), "split and fit" can work to an organization's benefit. Fit…

Knowledge Intensive Programming: A New Educational Computing Environment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seidman, Robert H.

1990-01-01

Comparison of the process of problem solving using a conventional procedural computer programing language (e.g., BASIC, Logo, Pascal), with the process when using a logic programing language (i.e., Prolog), focuses on the potential of the two types of programing languages to facilitate the transfer of problem-solving skills, cognitive development,…

Shall We Teach Structured Programming to Children?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LaFrance, Jacques E.

To study the effectiveness and feasibility of using structured programming games at the elementary school level, this study presented one and one-half hours of programming instruction to a group of gifted children between the ages of nine and twelve. Using a game called Antfarm and the programming language Pascal, the instruction introduced…

Are Navy Members with Integrated Behavioral Styles Considered to Be More Effective?

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

ability to exist and expand it territory. Like a malignant cancer , unmitigated agency drives an organism to devour others in order to thrive. when an...Important Difference between Japanese and Western Management " Mama ement International Review, v. 21, pp. 19-36, 31. Pascale, R. T. and Athos, A. G

MENO-II: An AI-Based Programming Tutor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Soloway, Elliot; And Others

This report examines the features and performance of the BUG-FINDing component of MENO-II, a computer-based tutor for beginning PASCAL programming students. A discussion of the use of artificial intelligence techniques is followed by a summary of the system status and objectives. The two main components of MENO-II are described, beginning with the…

Scaling Deep Learning Workloads: NVIDIA DGX-1/Pascal and Intel Knights Landing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gawande, Nitin A.; Landwehr, Joshua B.; Daily, Jeffrey A.

Deep Learning (DL) algorithms have become ubiquitous in data analytics. As a result, major computing vendors --- including NVIDIA, Intel, AMD and IBM --- have architectural road-maps influenced by DL workloads. Furthermore, several vendors have recently advertised new computing products as accelerating DL workloads. Unfortunately, it is difficult for data scientists to quantify the potential of these different products. This paper provides a performance and power analysis of important DL workloads on two major parallel architectures: NVIDIA DGX-1 (eight Pascal P100 GPUs interconnected with NVLink) and Intel Knights Landing (KNL) CPUs interconnected with Intel Omni-Path. Our evaluation consists of amore » cross section of convolutional neural net workloads: CifarNet, CaffeNet, AlexNet and GoogleNet topologies using the Cifar10 and ImageNet datasets. The workloads are vendor optimized for each architecture. GPUs provide the highest overall raw performance. Our analysis indicates that although GPUs provide the highest overall performance, the gap can close for some convolutional networks; and KNL can be competitive when considering performance/watt. Furthermore, NVLink is critical to GPU scaling.« less

High-sensitivity NMR beyond 200,000 atmospheres of pressure.

PubMed

Meier, T; Reichardt, S; Haase, J

2015-08-01

Pressure-induced changes in the chemical or electronic structure of solids require pressures well into the Giga-Pascal (GPa) range due to the strong bonding. Anvil cell designs can reach such pressures, but their small and mostly inaccessible sample chamber has severely hampered NMR experiments in the past. With a new cell design that has a radio frequency (RF) micro-coil in the high pressure chamber, NMR experiments beyond 20 Giga-Pascal are reported for the first time. (1)H NMR of water shows sensitivity and resolution obtained with the cells, and (63)Cu NMR on a cuprate superconductor (YBa2Cu3O7-δ) demonstrates that single-crystals can be investigated, as well. (115)In NMR of the ternary chalcogenide AgInTe2 discovers an insulator-metal transition with shift and relaxation measurements. The pressure cells can be mounted easily on standard NMR probes that fit commercial wide-bore magnets with regular cryostats for field- and temperature-dependent measurements ready for many applications in physics and chemistry. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An automatic editing algorithm for GPS data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blewitt, Geoffrey

1990-01-01

An algorithm has been developed to edit automatically Global Positioning System data such that outlier deletion, cycle slip identification, and correction are independent of clock instability, selective availability, receiver-satellite kinematics, and tropospheric conditions. This algorithm, called TurboEdit, operates on undifferenced, dual frequency carrier phase data, and requires the use of P code pseudorange data and a smoothly varying ionospheric electron content. TurboEdit was tested on the large data set from the CASA Uno experiment, which contained over 2500 cycle slips.Analyst intervention was required on 1 percent of the station-satellite passes, almost all of these problems being due to difficulties in extrapolating variations in the ionospheric delay. The algorithm is presently being adapted for real time data editing in the Rogue receiver for continuous monitoring applications.

The "Physical feedbacks of Arctic PBL, Sea ice, Cloud and AerosoL (PASCAL)" campaign during the Arctic POLARSTERN expedition PS106 in spring 2017.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Macke, A.

2017-12-01

The Polar regions are important components in the global climate system. The widespread surface snow and ice cover strongly impacts the surface energy budget, which is tightly coupled to global atmospheric and oceanic circulations. The coupling of sea ice, clouds and aerosol in the transition zone between Open Ocean and sea ice is the focus of the PASCAL investigations to improve our understanding of the recent dramatic reduction in Arctic sea-ice. A large variety of active/passive remote sensing, in-situ-aerosol observation, and spectral irradiance measurements have been obtained during the German research icebreaker POLARSTERN expedition PS106, and provided detailed information on the atmospheric spatiotemporal structure, aerosol and cloud chemical and microphysical properties as well as the resulting surface radiation budget. Nearly identical measurements at the AWIPEV Base (German - French Research Base) in Ny-Ålesund close to the Open Ocean and collocated airborne activities of the POLAR 5 and POLAR 6 AWI aircraft in the framework of the ACLOUD project have been carried out in parallel. The airborne observations have been supplemented by observations of the boundary layer structure (mean and turbulent quantities) from a tethered balloon reaching up to 1500 m, which was operated at an ice floe station nearby POLARSTERN for two weeks. All observational activities together with intense modelling at various scales are part of the German Collaborative Research Cluster TR 172 "Arctic Amplification" that aims to provide an unprecedented picture of the complex Arctic weather and climate system. The presentation provides an overview of the measurements on-board POLARSTERN and on the ice floe station during PASCAL from May 24 to July 21 2017. We conclude how these and future similar measurements during the one-year ice drift of POLARSTERN in the framework of MOSAiC help to reduce uncertainties in Arctic aerosol-cloud interaction, cloud radiative forcing, and surface/atmosphere feedback mechanisms.

High-Sensitivity Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Giga-Pascal Pressures: A New Tool for Probing Electronic and Chemical Properties of Condensed Matter under Extreme Conditions

PubMed Central

Meier, Thomas; Haase, Jürgen

2014-01-01

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most important techniques for the study of condensed matter systems, their chemical structure, and their electronic properties. The application of high pressure enables one to synthesize new materials, but the response of known materials to high pressure is a very useful tool for studying their electronic structure and developing theories. For example, high-pressure synthesis might be at the origin of life; and understanding the behavior of small molecules under extreme pressure will tell us more about fundamental processes in our universe. It is no wonder that there has always been great interest in having NMR available at high pressures. Unfortunately, the desired pressures are often well into the Giga-Pascal (GPa) range and require special anvil cell devices where only very small, secluded volumes are available. This has restricted the use of NMR almost entirely in the past, and only recently, a new approach to high-sensitivity GPa NMR, which has a resonating micro-coil inside the sample chamber, was put forward. This approach enables us to achieve high sensitivity with experiments that bring the power of NMR to Giga-Pascal pressure condensed matter research. First applications, the detection of a topological electronic transition in ordinary aluminum metal and the closing of the pseudo-gap in high-temperature superconductivity, show the power of such an approach. Meanwhile, the range of achievable pressures was increased tremendously with a new generation of anvil cells (up to 10.1 GPa), that fit standard-bore NMR magnets. This approach might become a new, important tool for the investigation of many condensed matter systems, in chemistry, geochemistry, and in physics, since we can now watch structural changes with the eyes of a very versatile probe. PMID:25350694

High-sensitivity nuclear magnetic resonance at Giga-Pascal pressures: a new tool for probing electronic and chemical properties of condensed matter under extreme conditions.

PubMed

Meier, Thomas; Haase, Jürgen

2014-10-10

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is one of the most important techniques for the study of condensed matter systems, their chemical structure, and their electronic properties. The application of high pressure enables one to synthesize new materials, but the response of known materials to high pressure is a very useful tool for studying their electronic structure and developing theories. For example, high-pressure synthesis might be at the origin of life; and understanding the behavior of small molecules under extreme pressure will tell us more about fundamental processes in our universe. It is no wonder that there has always been great interest in having NMR available at high pressures. Unfortunately, the desired pressures are often well into the Giga-Pascal (GPa) range and require special anvil cell devices where only very small, secluded volumes are available. This has restricted the use of NMR almost entirely in the past, and only recently, a new approach to high-sensitivity GPa NMR, which has a resonating micro-coil inside the sample chamber, was put forward. This approach enables us to achieve high sensitivity with experiments that bring the power of NMR to Giga-Pascal pressure condensed matter research. First applications, the detection of a topological electronic transition in ordinary aluminum metal and the closing of the pseudo-gap in high-temperature superconductivity, show the power of such an approach. Meanwhile, the range of achievable pressures was increased tremendously with a new generation of anvil cells (up to 10.1 GPa), that fit standard-bore NMR magnets. This approach might become a new, important tool for the investigation of many condensed matter systems, in chemistry, geochemistry, and in physics, since we can now watch structural changes with the eyes of a very versatile probe.

40 CFR 1065.510 - Engine mapping.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... Configure any auxiliary work inputs and outputs such as hybrid, turbo-compounding, or thermoelectric systems... intended primarily for propulsion of a vehicle with an automatic transmission where that engine is subject...

Sensing and perception research for space telerobotics at JPL

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gennery, Donald B.; Litwin, Todd; Wilcox, Brian; Bon, Bruce

1987-01-01

PIFLEX is a pipelined-image processor that can perform elaborate computations whose exact nature is not fixed in the hardware, and that can handle multiple images. A wire-wrapped prototype PIFEX module has been produced and debugged, using a version of the convolver composed of three custom VLSI chips (plus the line buffers). A printed circuit layout is being designed for use with a single-chip convolver, leading to production of a PIFEX with about 120 modules. A high-level language for programming PIFEX has been designed, and a compiler will be written for it. The camera calibration software has been completed and tested. Two more terms in the camera model, for lens distortion, probably will be added later. The acquisition and tracking system has been designed and most of it has been coded in Pascal for the MicroVAX-II. The feature tracker, motion stereo module and stereo matcher have executed successfully. The model matcher is still under development, and coding has begun on the tracking initializer. The object tracker was running on a different computer from the VAX, and preliminary runs on real images have been performed there. Once all modules are working, optimization and integration will begin. Finally, when a sufficiently large PIFEX is available, appropriate parts of acquisition and tracking, including much of the feature tracker, will be programmed into PIFEX, thus increasing the speed and robustness of the system.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and relaxation time mapping of concrete

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beyea, Steven Donald

2001-07-01

The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of water in concrete is presented. This thesis will approach the problem of MR imaging of concrete by attempting to design new methods, suited to concrete materials, rather than attempting to force the material to suit the method. A number of techniques were developed, which allow the spatial observation of water in concrete in up to three dimensions, and permits the determination of space resolved moisture content, as well as local NMR relaxation times. These methods are all based on the Single-Point Imaging (SPI) method. The development of these new methods will be described, and the techniques validated using phantom studies. The study of one-dimensional moisture transport in drying concrete was performed using SPI. This work examined the effect of initial mixture proportions and hydration time on the drying behaviour of concrete, over a period of three months. Studies of drying concrete were also performed using spatial mapping of the spin-lattice (T1) and effective spin-spin (T2*) relaxation times, thereby permitting the observation of changes in the water occupied pore surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) as a function of drying. Results of this work demonstrated changes in the S/V due to drying, hydration and drying induced microcracking. Three-dimensional MRI of concrete was performed using SPRITE (Single-Point Ramped Imaging with T1 Enhancement) and turboSPI (turbo Single Point Imaging). While SPRITE allows for weighting of MR images using T 1 and T2*, turboSPI allows T2 weighting of the resulting images. Using relaxation weighting it was shown to be possible to discriminate between water contained within a hydrated cement matrix, and water in highly porous aggregates, used to produce low-density concrete. Three dimensional experiments performed using SPRITE and turboSPI examined the role of self-dessication, drying, initial aggregate saturation and initial mixture conditions on the transport of moisture between porous aggregates and the hydrated matrix. The results demonstrate that water is both added and removed from the aggregates, depending upon the physical conditions. The images also appear to show an influx of cement products into cracks in the solid aggregate. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

The value of non-echo planar HASTE diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the detection, localisation and prediction of extent of postoperative cholesteatoma.

PubMed

Khemani, S; Lingam, R K; Kalan, A; Singh, A

2011-08-01

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo-spin-echo (HASTE) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the detection, localisation and prediction of extent of cholesteatoma following canal wall up mastoid surgery. Prospective blinded observational study. University affiliated teaching hospital. Forty-eight patients undergoing second-look surgery after previous canal wall up mastoid surgery for primary acquired cholesteatoma. All patients underwent non-echo planar HASTE diffusion-weighted imaging prior to being offered 'second-look' surgery. Radiological findings were correlated with second-look intra-operative findings in 38 cases with regard to presence, location and maximum dimensions of cholesteatoma. Half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo-spin-echo diffusion-weighted imaging accurately predicted the presence of cholesteatoma in 23 of 28 cases, and it correctly excluded in nine of 10 cases. Five false negatives were caused by keratin pearls of <2 mm and in one case 5 mm. Overall sensitivity and specificity for detection of cholesteatoma were 82% (95% confidence interval [CI] 62-94%) and 90% (CI 55-100%), respectively. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 96% (CI 79-100%) and 64% (CI 35-87%), respectively. Overall accuracy for detection of cholesteatoma was 84% (CI 69-94%). Half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo-spin-echo diffusion-weighted imaging has good performance in localising cholesteatoma to a number of anatomical sub-sites within the middle ear and mastoid (sensitivity ranging from 75% to 88% and specificity ranging from 94% to 100%). There was no statistically significant difference in the size of cholesteatoma detected radiologically and that found during surgery (paired t-test, P = 0.16). However, analysis of size agreement suggests possible radiological underestimation of size when using HASTE diffusion-weighted imaging (mean difference -0.6 mm, CI -5.3 to 4.6 mm). Half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo-spin-echo diffusion-weighted imaging performs reasonably well in predicting the presence and location of postoperative cholesteatoma but may miss small foci of disease and may underestimate the true size of cholesteatoma. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Empirical study of classification process for two-stage turbo air classifier in series

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Yuan; Liu, Jiaxiang; Li, Gang

2013-05-01

The suitable process parameters for a two-stage turbo air classifier are important for obtaining the ultrafine powder that has a narrow particle-size distribution, however little has been published internationally on the classification process for the two-stage turbo air classifier in series. The influence of the process parameters of a two-stage turbo air classifier in series on classification performance is empirically studied by using aluminum oxide powders as the experimental material. The experimental results show the following: 1) When the rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier is increased from 2 300 r/min to 2 500 r/min with a constant rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier, classification precision is increased from 0.64 to 0.67. However, in this case, the final ultrafine powder yield is decreased from 79% to 74%, which means the classification precision and the final ultrafine powder yield can be regulated through adjusting the rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier. 2) When the rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier is increased from 2 500 r/min to 3 100 r/min with a constant rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier, the cut size is decreased from 13.16 μm to 8.76 μm, which means the cut size of the ultrafine powder can be regulated through adjusting the rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier. 3) When the feeding speed is increased from 35 kg/h to 50 kg/h, the "fish-hook" effect is strengthened, which makes the ultrafine powder yield decrease. 4) To weaken the "fish-hook" effect, the equalization of the two-stage wind speeds or the combination of a high first-stage wind speed with a low second-stage wind speed should be selected. This empirical study provides a criterion of process parameter configurations for a two-stage or multi-stage classifier in series, which offers a theoretical basis for practical production.

76 FR 7907 - Quarterly Publication of Individuals, Who Have Chosen To Expatriate, as Required by Section 6039G

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-11

... EISENBIEGLER PRATIWI ADININGRUM ELSEN MARIA ANTOINETTE FACON DOMINIQUE B. FAIRMAN GARY L FARRAR CHIHO FERDON... ELIZABETH U FUNG PASCALE N GIBSON MATTHEW CHARLES GIBSON SARAH CLAIRE GIDRON GILLA MEZZAN GINDIN DMITRY... LINDA ANETTE HANSEN PAUL ROBERT HARDWICK III CHARLES CHEEVER HARRIS JANE VELDA HARSONO SUDARGO HARTLEY...

2D Hydrodynamic Investigation of Olmsted Cofferdams

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

34  Figure 30. HEC - RAS cross-section locations in the AdH 2012. ........................................................... 34...stress in Pascals for Condition 1 (typical). ........................................................ 40  Figure 43. HEC - RAS cross-section locations in...Then in 2008, CHL used an Adaptive Hydraulics model (AdH) to further evaluate potential impacts on mussel beds. In 2012, LRL used a HEC - RAS model to

Learning Cities as Healthy Green Cities: Building Sustainable Opportunity Cities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kearns, Peter

2012-01-01

This paper discusses a new generation of learning cities we have called EcCoWell cities (Economy, Community, Well-being). The paper was prepared for the PASCAL International Exchanges (PIE) and is based on international experiences with PIE and developments in some cities. The paper argues for more holistic and integrated development so that…

Where Do Interjections Come From? A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Shaw's "Pygmalion"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Connell, Daniel C.; Kowal, Sabine

2005-01-01

Starting from our recent findings regarding emotional and initializing functions of interjections in TV and radio interviews (Kowal & O'Connell, 2004b; O'Connell & Kowal, in press; O'Connell, Kowal, & Ageneau, 2005), we used the book and script of Shaw (1916/1969) and the audiotape of the motion picture (Pascal, Asquith, & Howard, 1938) Pygmalion…

Managing a Test Item Bank on a Microcomputer: Can It Help You and Your Students?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peterson, Julian A.; Meister, Lynn L.

1983-01-01

Describes a test item bank developed by the Association for Medical School Departments of Biochemistry (Texas). Programs (written in Pascal) allow self-evaluation by interactive student access to questions randomly selected from a chosen category. Potential users of the system (having student, manager, and instructor modes) are invited to contact…

The Role of Music in Education: Forming Cultural Identity and Making Cross-Cultural Connections

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascale, Louise M.

2013-01-01

In this reflection, Louise Pascale describes the evolution, development, and outcomes of the Afghan Children's Songbook Project, which is reintroducing children's ethnic songs to the children of Afghanistan and Afghan expats as well as to American schoolchildren. Her reflection highlights the potential for music to unify and strengthen community,…

First Graders Outwit a Famous Mathematician

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bishop, Jessica Pierson; Lamb, Lisa L. C.; Philipp, Randolph A.; Schappelle, Bonnie P.; Whitacre, Ian

2011-01-01

In the third century, Diophantus, the "Father of Algebra" no less, described equations of the form x + 20 = 4 as "absurd." The absurdity stemmed from the fact that the result of four is obviously less than the addend of twenty. And more than 1300 years later, Pascal argued that subtracting four from zero leaves zero because of the impossibility of…

My Experience with Alcohol, a 17th-Century Mathematician, and a Personal Decision

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eaton, Dennis R.; Rector, Sheila M.

2009-01-01

This writing shares the first author's personal experience with alcohol, the negative consequences of his choices, and the ultimate answering of the question, "Am I an alcoholic and should I drink again?" The decision-making process and the eventual answer come from Blaise Pascal, a 17th-century mathematician. This process is explained and…

Living and Learning in EcCoWell Cities: Discussion Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kearns, Peter

2012-01-01

These notes and questions have been prepared to promote discussion of the ideas set out in the Clarifying paper, "Living and learning in EcCoWell cities" to be found on the PASCAL International Exchanges (PIE) website. This Discussion Paper sets ten questions for discussion. We are hoping to encourage discussions of these issues around the world.

Fuel burn modeling of turboprop aircraft.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-01

This report documents work done to enhance turbo-propeller aircraft fuel consumption modeling in the Federal Aviation Administrations Aviation Environmental Design Tool (AEDT). Fuel consumption and flight performance data were collected from aircr...

U.S. Army Technology Collaboration Briefing

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-11

engine boosting ( turbo chargers and super chargers), homogeneous charged compression, direct injection, etc. • Advanced light-weight materials...mitigation, recycling, and supply chain development. • Alternative fuels including biofuels, hydrogen, electricity, diesel , etc. • Vehicle

The Evidence of Imposex in Turbo sp. from Ujungpiring Waters of Jepara

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nuraini, RAT; Hartati, R.; Endrawati, H.; Widianingsih; Rachma, MJ; Mahendrajaya, RT

2018-02-01

Imposex is an endocrine disruption syndrome, in which females of marine gastropods develop sexual characteristics of males (penis and/or vas deferens). This syndrome is caused by tributyltin (TBT) or triphenyltin (TPT), toxic organotin compounds found in naval paints used as antifouling system in boats and artificial structures. The main objective of this study was to assess the incidence and severity of imposex in Turbosp.A hundred individus of Turbo sp was collected from Ujung Piring waters of Jepara, and observed for their sex and imposex. The results showed that the ratio male and female was 1.13 : 1, and the frequency of imposex females was 64.58%. The relative penis size were longer in imposex female than in male. The possibility of pollution was clearly shown from high evidence of imposex female.

Theoretical and experimental studies of turbo product code with time diversity in free space optical communication.

PubMed

Han, Yaoqiang; Dang, Anhong; Ren, Yongxiong; Tang, Junxiong; Guo, Hong

2010-12-20

In free space optical communication (FSOC) systems, channel fading caused by atmospheric turbulence degrades the system performance seriously. However, channel coding combined with diversity techniques can be exploited to mitigate channel fading. In this paper, based on the experimental study of the channel fading effects, we propose to use turbo product code (TPC) as the channel coding scheme, which features good resistance to burst errors and no error floor. However, only channel coding cannot cope with burst errors caused by channel fading, interleaving is also used. We investigate the efficiency of interleaving for different interleaving depths, and then the optimum interleaving depth for TPC is also determined. Finally, an experimental study of TPC with interleaving is demonstrated, and we show that TPC with interleaving can significantly mitigate channel fading in FSOC systems.

Evaluation of large girth LDPC codes for PMD compensation by turbo equalization.

PubMed

Minkov, Lyubomir L; Djordjevic, Ivan B; Xu, Lei; Wang, Ting; Kueppers, Franko

2008-08-18

Large-girth quasi-cyclic LDPC codes have been experimentally evaluated for use in PMD compensation by turbo equalization for a 10 Gb/s NRZ optical transmission system, and observing one sample per bit. Net effective coding gain improvement for girth-10, rate 0.906 code of length 11936 over maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detector for differential group delay of 125 ps is 6.25 dB at BER of 10(-6). Girth-10 LDPC code of rate 0.8 outperforms the girth-10 code of rate 0.906 by 2.75 dB, and provides the net effective coding gain improvement of 9 dB at the same BER. It is experimentally determined that girth-10 LDPC codes of length around 15000 approach channel capacity limit within 1.25 dB.

The Turbo-Fuel-Cell 1.0 - family concept

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berg, H. P.; Himmelberg, A.; Lehmann, M.; Dückershoff, R.; Neumann, M.

2018-01-01

The “Turbo-Fuel-Cell-Technology” has been described as a MGT-SOFC hybrid system consisting of a recuperated micro gas turbine (MGT) process with an embedded solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) subsystem. SOFC stacks are connected to “SOFC stack grapes” and are equipped with the so called HEXAR-Module. This module is composed of a high-temperature heat exchanger (HEX), an afterburner (A) and a steam reformer (R). The MGT-concept is based on a generator driven directly by the turbomachine and a recuperator, which returns the exhaust heat to the pressurized compressor outlet air. This provides the necessary base for a highly effective, pure MGT process and the “MGT-SOFC-high-efficiency process”. This paper describes the concept and the thermodynamic background of a highly effective and compact design of the “Turbo-Fuel-Cell 1.0-Family” in the electrical performance class from 100 to 500 kW. The technological state of the system is shown and a rating of the system with comparative parameters is discussed. It becomes visible that all necessary basic technologies should be available and that the technology (for stationary applications) can have the “entry into services (E.I.S.)” in the next 10 years. The MGT-SOFC performance map under different operation conditions is discussed. This article also provides an overview of the research on MGT-SOFC-Systems and the scenario of an energy supply network and a mobile energy conversion of the future introduction.

Life and Reliability Characteristics of TurboBrayton Coolers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Breedlove, Jeff J.; Zagarola, Mark; Nellis, Greg; Dolan, Frank; Swift, Walt; Gibbon, Judith; Obenschain, Arthur F. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

Wear and internal contaminants are two of the primary factors that influence reliable, long-life operation of turbo-Brayton cryocoolers. This paper describes tests that have been conducted and methods that have been developed for turbo-Brayton components and systems to assure reliable operation. The turbomachines used in these coolers employ self-acting gas bearings to support the miniature high-speed shafts, thus providing vibration-free operation. Because the bearings are self-acting, rubbing contact occurs during initial start-up and shutdown of the machines. Bearings and shafts are designed to endure multiple stop/start cycles without producing particles or surface features that would impair the proper operation of the machines. Test results are presented for a variety of turbomachines used in these systems. The tests document extended operating life and start/stop cycling behavior for machines over a range of time and temperature scales. Contaminants such as moisture and other residual gas impurities can be a source of degraded operation if they freeze out in sufficient quantities to block flow passages or if they mechanically affect the operation of the machines. A post-fabrication bakeout procedure has been successfully used to reduce residual internal contamination to acceptable levels in a closed cycle system. The process was developed during space qualification tests on the NICMOS cryocooler. Moisture levels were sampled over a six-month time interval confirming the effectiveness of the technique. A description of the bakeout procedure is presented.

Determination of fusarium mycotoxins in wheat, maize and animal feed using on-line clean-up with high resolution mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Ates, E; Mittendorf, K; Stroka, J; Senyuva, H

2013-01-01

An automated method involving on-line clean-up and analytical separation in a single run using TurboFlow™ reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer has been developed for the simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol, T2 toxin, HT2 toxin, zearalenone and fumonisins B1 and B2 in maize, wheat and animal feed. Detection was performed in full scan mode at a resolution of R = 100,000 full width at half maximum with high energy collision cell dissociation for the determination of fragment ions with a mass accuracy below 5 ppm. The extract from homogenised samples, after blending with a 0.1% aqueous mixture of 0.1% formic acid/acetonitrile (43:57) for 45 min, was injected directly onto the TurboFlow™ (TLX) column for automated on-line clean-up followed by analytical separation and accurate mass detection. The TurboFlow™ column enabled specific binding of target mycotoxins, whereas higher molecular weight compounds, like fats, proteins and other interferences with different chemical properties, were removed to waste. Single laboratory method validation was performed by spiking blank materials with mycotoxin standards. The recovery and repeatability was determined by spiking at three concentration levels (50, 100 and 200% of legislative limits) with six replicates. Average recovery, relative standard deviation and intermediate precision values were 71 to 120%, 1 to 19% and 4 to 19%, respectively. The method accuracy was confirmed with certified reference materials and participation in proficiency testing.

Prospective Study of Plasmodium vivax Malaria Recurrence after Radical Treatment with a Chloroquine-Primaquine Standard Regimen in Turbo, Colombia

PubMed Central

Blair, Silvia; Akinyi Okoth, Sheila; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam; Marcet, Paula L.; Escalante, Ananias A.; Alexander, Neal; Rojas, Carlos

2016-01-01

Plasmodium vivax recurrences help maintain malaria transmission. They are caused by recrudescence, reinfection, or relapse, which are not easily differentiated. A longitudinal observational study took place in Turbo municipality, Colombia. Participants with uncomplicated P. vivax infection received supervised treatment concomitantly with 25 mg/kg chloroquine and 0.25 mg/kg/day primaquine for 14 days. Incidence of recurrence was assessed over 180 days. Samples were genotyped, and origins of recurrences were established. A total of 134 participants were enrolled between February 2012 and July 2013, and 87 were followed for 180 days, during which 29 recurrences were detected. The cumulative incidence of first recurrence was 24.1% (21/87) (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.6 to 33.7%), and 86% (18/21) of these events occurred between days 51 and 110. High genetic diversity of P. vivax strains was found, and 12.5% (16/128) of the infections were polyclonal. Among detected recurrences, 93.1% (27/29) of strains were genotyped as genetically identical to the strain from the previous infection episode, and 65.5% (19/29) of infections were classified as relapses. Our results indicate that there is a high incidence of P. vivax malaria recurrence after treatment in Turbo municipality, Colombia, and that a large majority of these episodes are likely relapses from the previous infection. We attribute this to the primaquine regimen currently used in Colombia, which may be insufficient to eliminate hypnozoites. PMID:27185794

The pH Requirement for in Vivo Activity of the Iron-Deficiency-Induced "Turbo" Ferric Chelate Reductase (A Comparison of the Iron-Deficiency-Induced Iron Reductase Activities of Intact Plants and Isolated Plasma Membrane Fractions in Sugar Beet).

PubMed Central

Susin, S.; Abadia, A.; Gonzalez-Reyes, J. A.; Lucena, J. J.; Abadia, J.

1996-01-01

The characteristics of the Fe reduction mechanisms induced by Fe deficiency have been studied in intact plants of Beta vulgaris and in purified plasma membrane vesicles from the same plants. In Fe-deficient plants the in vivo Fe(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic complex [Fe(III)-EDTA] reductase activity increased over the control values 10 to 20 times when assayed at a pH of 6.0 or below ("turbo" reductase) but increased only 2 to 4 times when assayed at a pH of 6.5 or above. The Fe(III)-EDTA reductase activity of root plasma membrane preparations increased 2 and 3.5 times over the controls, irrespective of the assay pH. The Km for Fe(III)-EDTA of the in vivo ferric chelate reductase in Fe-deficient plants was approximately 510 and 240 [mu]M in the pH ranges 4.5 to 6.0 and 6.5 to 8.0, respectively. The Km for Fe(III)-EDTA of the ferric chelate reductase in intact control plants and in plasma membrane preparations isolated from Fe-deficient and control plants was approximately 200 to 240 [mu]M. Therefore, the turbo ferric chelate reductase activity of Fe-deficient plants at low pH appears to be different from the constitutive ferric chelate reductase. PMID:12226175

Optimal control design of turbo spin‐echo sequences with applications to parallel‐transmit systems

PubMed Central

Hoogduin, Hans; Hajnal, Joseph V.; van den Berg, Cornelis A. T.; Luijten, Peter R.; Malik, Shaihan J.

2016-01-01

Purpose The design of turbo spin‐echo sequences is modeled as a dynamic optimization problem which includes the case of inhomogeneous transmit radiofrequency fields. This problem is efficiently solved by optimal control techniques making it possible to design patient‐specific sequences online. Theory and Methods The extended phase graph formalism is employed to model the signal evolution. The design problem is cast as an optimal control problem and an efficient numerical procedure for its solution is given. The numerical and experimental tests address standard multiecho sequences and pTx configurations. Results Standard, analytically derived flip angle trains are recovered by the numerical optimal control approach. New sequences are designed where constraints on radiofrequency total and peak power are included. In the case of parallel transmit application, the method is able to calculate the optimal echo train for two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional turbo spin echo sequences in the order of 10 s with a single central processing unit (CPU) implementation. The image contrast is maintained through the whole field of view despite inhomogeneities of the radiofrequency fields. Conclusion The optimal control design sheds new light on the sequence design process and makes it possible to design sequences in an online, patient‐specific fashion. Magn Reson Med 77:361–373, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine PMID:26800383

The pH Requirement for in Vivo Activity of the Iron-Deficiency-Induced "Turbo" Ferric Chelate Reductase (A Comparison of the Iron-Deficiency-Induced Iron Reductase Activities of Intact Plants and Isolated Plasma Membrane Fractions in Sugar Beet).

PubMed

Susin, S.; Abadia, A.; Gonzalez-Reyes, J. A.; Lucena, J. J.; Abadia, J.

1996-01-01

The characteristics of the Fe reduction mechanisms induced by Fe deficiency have been studied in intact plants of Beta vulgaris and in purified plasma membrane vesicles from the same plants. In Fe-deficient plants the in vivo Fe(III)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic complex [Fe(III)-EDTA] reductase activity increased over the control values 10 to 20 times when assayed at a pH of 6.0 or below ("turbo" reductase) but increased only 2 to 4 times when assayed at a pH of 6.5 or above. The Fe(III)-EDTA reductase activity of root plasma membrane preparations increased 2 and 3.5 times over the controls, irrespective of the assay pH. The Km for Fe(III)-EDTA of the in vivo ferric chelate reductase in Fe-deficient plants was approximately 510 and 240 [mu]M in the pH ranges 4.5 to 6.0 and 6.5 to 8.0, respectively. The Km for Fe(III)-EDTA of the ferric chelate reductase in intact control plants and in plasma membrane preparations isolated from Fe-deficient and control plants was approximately 200 to 240 [mu]M. Therefore, the turbo ferric chelate reductase activity of Fe-deficient plants at low pH appears to be different from the constitutive ferric chelate reductase.

Integrative taxonomy on the fast track - towards more sustainability in biodiversity research.

PubMed

Riedel, Alexander; Sagata, Katayo; Suhardjono, Yayuk R; Tänzler, Rene; Balke, Michael

2013-03-27

A so called "taxonomic impediment" has been recognized as a major obstacle to biodiversity research for the past two decades. Numerous remedies were then proposed. However, neither significant progress in terms of formal species descriptions, nor a minimum standard for descriptions have been achieved so far. Here, we analyze the problems of traditional taxonomy which often produces keys and descriptions of limited practical value. We suggest that phylogenetics and phenetics had a subtle and so far unnoticed effect on taxonomy leading to inflated species descriptions. The term "turbo-taxonomy" was recently coined for an approach combining cox1 sequences, concise morphological descriptions by an expert taxonomist, and high-resolution digital imaging to streamline the formal description of larger numbers of new species. We propose a further development of this approach which, together with open access web-publication and automated pushing of content from journal into a wiki, may create the most efficient and sustainable way to conduct taxonomy in the future. On demand, highly concise descriptions can be gradually updated or modified in the fully versioned wiki-framework we use. This means that the visibility of additional data is not compromised, while the original species description -the first version- remains preserved in the wiki, and of course in the journal version. A DNA sequence database with an identification engine replaces an identification key, helps to avoid synonyms and has the potential to detect grossly incorrect generic placements. We demonstrate the functionality of a species-description pipeline by naming 101 new species of hyperdiverse New Guinea Trigonopterus weevils in the open-access journal ZooKeys. Fast track taxonomy will not only increase speed, but also sustainability of global species inventories. It will be of great practical value to all the other disciplines that depend on a usable taxonomy and will change our perception of global biodiversity. While this approach is certainly not suitable for all taxa alike, it is the tool that will help to tackle many hyperdiverse groups and pave the road for more sustainable comparative studies, e.g. in community ecology, phylogeography and large scale biogeographic studies.

Concentrating Solar Power Projects - Enerstar | Concentrating Solar Power |

Science.gov Websites

Capacity (Net): 50.0 MW Turbine Manufacturer: Man-Turbo Turbine Description: 3 extractions Output Type : Steam Rankine Power Cycle Pressure: 100.0 bar Cooling Method: Wet cooling Cooling Method Description

Mechanics of Nanotubes and Nanotube-Polymer Composites

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Srivastava, Deepak; Wei, Cheng-Yu; Cho, Kyeong-Jae; Menon, Madhu; Osman, Mohamed; Biegel, Bryan A. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

CNT is a tubular form of carbon with diameter as small as 1 nm. Length: few nm to microns. CNT is configurationally equivalent to a two dimensional graphene sheet rolled into a tube. CNT exhibits extraordinary mechanical properties: Young's modulus over 1 Tera Pascal, as stiff as diamond, and tensile strength approx. 200 GPa. CNT can be metallic or semiconducting, depending on chirality.

Actes des Journees de linguistique (Proceedings of the Linguistics Conference) (14th, Quebec, Canada, March 23-24, 2000).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perron, Veronique, Ed.

Papers on language research in this volume include the following: Phonetique ou phonologie: le chva dans les emprunts anglais en portugais (Phonetics or Phonology: The Schwa in English Loan Words to Portuguese) (Pascale Belanger); NewsExpert: exemple de l'application de la linguistique informatique a Internet (NewsExpert: An Example of Its…

Pressure-Temperature Simulation at Brady Hot Springs

DOE Data Explorer

Feigl, Kurt (ORCID:0000000220596708)

2017-07-11

These files contain the output of a model calculation to simulate the pressure and temperature of fluid at Brady Hot Springs, Nevada, USA. The calculation couples the hydrologic flow (Darcy's Law) with simple thermodynamics. The epoch of validity is 24 March 2015. Coordinates are UTM Easting, Northing, and Elevation in meters. Temperature is specified in degrees Celsius. Pressure is specified in Pascal.

French Military Applications of Virtual Reality

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-11-01

UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADPO10631 TITLE: French Military Applications of Virtual Reality...numbers comprise the compilation report: ADPO10609 thru ADP010633 UNCLASSIFIED 23-1 FRENCH MILITARY APPLICATIONS OF VIRTUAL REALITY Jean Paul Papin* and...Pascal Hue DGA/DCE/ETC4/ETAS Etablissement Technique d’ Angers BP 36 49460 MONTREUIL JUIGNE, France INTRODUCTION France is now applying virtual

Twenty-Five Years and Counting of "Sweet Valley": Jessica and Elizabeth in Romance Novels for Young Children?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Sherron Killingsworth

2010-01-01

With the 2008 reissue of Francine Pascal's (1983) "Sweet Valley High", the popular cultural icons of twins Jessica and Elizabeth have been revitalized. Jessica and Elizabeth are the much-beloved protagonists in romance novels strategically targeted for young adults in "Sweet Valley High" or "Sweet Valley U", and for first- and second-grade readers…

The Pascal-Fermat Correspondence: How Mathematics Is Really Done

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Devlin, Keith

2010-01-01

The mathematics that students see in their textbooks is highly polished. The steps required to solve a problem are all clearly laid out. Thus, students are denied what could be a valuable learning experience. Often when students meet a problem that differs only slightly from the ones in the book, they are unable to proceed and afraid to "play…

Harnessing the Internet for International Exchanges on Learning Cities: The Pie Experience 2011-2013

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kearns, Peter

2014-01-01

The PASCAL International Exchanges (PIE) project was developed to facilitate online exchanges of information and experience between learning cities around the world and, in doing this, to test the potential of the internet to enable such low-cost exchanges. The author provides a personal assessment of the PIE experience over the three years 2011…

40 CFR 92.120 - NDIR analyzer calibration and checks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

....120 NDIR analyzer calibration and checks. (a) NDIR water rejection ratio check. (1) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (2) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at...) in absolute units in Pascal. Gauges G3 and G4 may be used if the values are converted to the correct...

40 CFR 92.120 - NDIR analyzer calibration and checks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

....120 NDIR analyzer calibration and checks. (a) NDIR water rejection ratio check. (1) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (2) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at...) in absolute units in Pascal. Gauges G3 and G4 may be used if the values are converted to the correct...

40 CFR 92.120 - NDIR analyzer calibration and checks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

....120 NDIR analyzer calibration and checks. (a) NDIR water rejection ratio check. (1) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (2) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at...) in absolute units in Pascal. Gauges G3 and G4 may be used if the values are converted to the correct...

40 CFR 92.120 - NDIR analyzer calibration and checks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

....120 NDIR analyzer calibration and checks. (a) NDIR water rejection ratio check. (1) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (2) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at...) in absolute units in Pascal. Gauges G3 and G4 may be used if the values are converted to the correct...

40 CFR 92.120 - NDIR analyzer calibration and checks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

....120 NDIR analyzer calibration and checks. (a) NDIR water rejection ratio check. (1) Zero and span the analyzer on the lowest range that will be used. (2) Introduce a saturated mixture of water and zero gas at...) in absolute units in Pascal. Gauges G3 and G4 may be used if the values are converted to the correct...

Theoretical Foundations of Software Technology.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-02-14

major research interests are software testing, aritificial intelligence , pattern recogu- tion, and computer graphics. Dr. Chandranekaran is currently...produce PASCAL language code for the problems. Because of its relationship to many issues in Artificial Intelligence , we also investigated problems of...analysis to concurmt-prmcess software re- are not " intelligent " enough to discover these by themselves, ouirl more complex control flow models. The PAF

Wisconsin Title I Migrant Education. Section 143 Project: Development of an Item Bank. Summary Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Frank N.; And Others

The successful Wisconsin Title 1 project item bank offers a valid, flexible, and efficient means of providing migrant student tests in reading and mathematics tailored to instructor curricula. The item bank system consists of nine PASCAL computer programs which maintain, search, and select from approximately 1,000 test items stored on floppy disks…

The modelling of carbon-based supercapacitors: Distributions of time constants and Pascal Equivalent Circuits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fletcher, Stephen; Kirkpatrick, Iain; Dring, Roderick; Puttock, Robert; Thring, Rob; Howroyd, Simon

2017-03-01

Supercapacitors are an emerging technology with applications in pulse power, motive power, and energy storage. However, their carbon electrodes show a variety of non-ideal behaviours that have so far eluded explanation. These include Voltage Decay after charging, Voltage Rebound after discharging, and Dispersed Kinetics at long times. In the present work, we establish that a vertical ladder network of RC components can reproduce all these puzzling phenomena. Both software and hardware realizations of the network are described. In general, porous carbon electrodes contain random distributions of resistance R and capacitance C, with a wider spread of log R values than log C values. To understand what this implies, a simplified model is developed in which log R is treated as a Gaussian random variable while log C is treated as a constant. From this model, a new family of equivalent circuits is developed in which the continuous distribution of log R values is replaced by a discrete set of log R values drawn from a geometric series. We call these Pascal Equivalent Circuits. Their behaviour is shown to resemble closely that of real supercapacitors. The results confirm that distributions of RC time constants dominate the behaviour of real supercapacitors.

Turbo test rig with hydroinertia air bearings for a palmtop gas turbine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanaka, Shuji; Isomura, Kousuke; Togo, Shin-ichi; Esashi, Masayoshi

2004-11-01

This paper describes a turbo test rig to test the compressor of a palmtop gas turbine generator at low temperature (<100 °C). Impellers are 10 mm in diameter and have three-dimensional blades machined using a five-axis NC milling machine. Hydroinertia bearings are employed in both radial and axial directions. The performance of the compressor was measured at 50% (435 000 rpm) and 60% (530 000 rpm) of the rated rotational speed (870 000 rpm) by driving a turbine using compressed air at room temperature. The measured pressure ratio is lower than the predicted value. This could be mainly because impeller tip clearance was larger than the designed value. The measured adiabatic efficiency is unrealistically high due to heat dissipation from compressed air. During acceleration toward the rated rotational speed, a shaft crashed to the bearing at 566 000 rpm due to whirl. At that time, the whirl ratio was 8.

A study of the effects of disk flexibility on the rotordynamics of the space shuttle main engine turbo-pumps

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Flowers, George T.

1989-01-01

Rotor dynamical analyses are typically performed using rigid disk models. Studies of rotor models in which the effects of disk flexibility were included indicate that is may be an important effect for many systems. This issue is addressed with respect to the Space Shuttle Main Engine high pressure turbo-pumps. Finite element analyses have been performed for a simplified free-free flexible disk rotor model and the modes and frequencies compared to those of a rigid disk model. The simple model was then extended to a more sophisticated HPTOP rotor model and similar results were observed. Equations were developed that are suitable for modifying the current rotordynamical analysis program to account for disk flexibility. Some conclusions are drawn from the results of this work as to the importance of disk flexibility on the HPTOP rotordynamics and some recommendations are given for follow-up research in this area.