State-of-the-art review of the applications of nanotechnology in pavement materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castillo, Luis, Jr.

The use of nanotechnology in pavement materials is one main area that shows great promise and has the potential to change commonly used materials. This will develop more effective solutions to achieve the desired performance. The overall objective of this work is to present a state-of-the-art literature review of nano-science-based principles to improve the performance and, ultimately, the life cycle of transportation construction materials. This work will be organized into two different parts. The first part will consist of six sections: applications of nanotechnology in concrete pavements, applications of nanotechnology in asphalt pavement, application of nanotechnology in general soils, cost-benefit analysis, challenges, and trends to the future. In addition, a current practice review was performed from a literature review that included a questionnaire of the knowledge and opinion about nanotechnology, which included students, general contractors, teachers, engineers, and architects. The second part will deal with the advancement of the application of nanotechnology in pavement materials for different developed countries. Because nanotechnology is relatively a young field in pavement materials, limited research has been conducted in North America, Europe, and Asia. A comparison of the advancement of nano-science-based principles, as applied to the performance and life cycle of transportation materials, for the three continents will be carried out in a summarized manner.

Permeable pavement study (Edison)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

While permeable pavement is increasingly being used to control stormwater runoff, field-based, side-by-side investigations on the effects different pavement types have on nutrient concentrations present in stormwater runoff are limited. In 2009, the U.S. EPA constructed a 0.4-ha parking lot in Edison, New Jersey, that incorporated permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). Each permeable pavement type has four, 54.9-m2, lined sections that direct all infiltrate into 5.7-m3 tanks enabling complete volume collection and sampling. This paper highlights the results from a 12-month period when samples were collected from 13 rainfall/runoff events and analyzed for nitrogen species, orthophosphate, and organic carbon. Differences in infiltrate concentrations among the three permeable pavement types were assessed and compared with concentrations in rainwater samples and impervious asphalt runoff samples, which were collected as controls. Contrary to expectations based on the literature, the PA infiltrate had significantly larger total nitrogen (TN) concentrations than runoff and infiltrate from the other two permeable pavement types, indicating that nitrogen leached from materials in the PA strata. There was no significant difference in TN concentration between runoff and infiltrate from either PICP or PC, but TN in runoff was significantly larger than in the rainwater, suggesting meaningful inter-event dry de

Systematizing pavement surface information for the highways of Virginia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1972-01-01

Pavement information consisting of type of pavement, date of construction, methods used in construction, and types and sources of materials have been recorded in Virginia since the 1930's. Because there has been no effective system for filing the inf...

Calibration of material models for estimating impact of construction quality on life cycle performance of pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-02-01

Constructing a pavement that will perform well throughout its expected design life is the main goal of any highway agency. The relationship between construction parameters and pavement life, defined by structural models, can be described using materi...

Determination of mechanical properties of materials used in WAY-30 test pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-05-01

The US Route 30 bypass of Wooster, Ohio, in Wayne County, WAY-30, was constructed to demonstrate two types of : extended service pavements, a long-life Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement on the eastbound lanes and an asphalt : concrete (AC...

Determining elastic moduli of materials in pavement systems by surface deflection data : a feasibility study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

The determination of the elastic, or Young's, modulus, E, of the materials in each layer in an n-layered pavement system given the number, order, thicknesses, and Poisson's ratios of the layers, and the surface load and deflection data, is not possib...

Software offers transparent, straightforward assessment of pavement additives : research spotlight.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-04-01

Adding new materials to pavement layers is a proven technique to : improve performance. Many types of additivesfrom engineered : polymers and acids to recycled pavement, crumb rubber, shingles : and glasshave been used to help construct better ...

The effect of loading time on flexible pavement dynamic response: a finite element analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Hao; Solaimanian, Mansour; Kumar, Tanmay; Stoffels, Shelley

2007-12-01

Dynamic response of asphalt concrete (AC) pavements under moving load is a key component for accurate prediction of flexible pavement performance. The time and temperature dependency of AC materials calls for utilizing advanced material characterization and mechanistic theories, such as viscoelasticity and stress/strain analysis. In layered elastic analysis, as implemented in the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), the time dependency is accounted for by calculating the loading times at different AC layer depths. In this study, the time effect on pavement response was evaluated by means of the concept of “pseudo temperature.” With the pavement temperature measured from instrumented thermocouples, the time and temperature dependency of AC materials was integrated into one single factor, termed “effective temperature.” Via this effective temperature, pavement responses under a transient load were predicted through finite element analysis. In the finite element model, viscoelastic behavior of AC materials was characterized through relaxation moduli, while the layers with unbound granular material were assumed to be in an elastic mode. The analysis was conducted for two different AC mixtures in a simplified flexible pavement structure at two different seasons. Finite element analysis results reveal that the loading time has a more pronounced impact on pavement response in the summer for both asphalt types. The results indicate that for reasonable prediction of dynamic response in flexible pavements, the effect of the depth-dependent loading time on pavement temperature should be considered.

Portland Cement Concrete Material Characterization for Pavement ME Design Implementation in Idaho

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-07-01

The objective of this research project was to develop a concrete material database as the first step towards the implementation of Pavement ME for rigid pavement design in the state of Idaho. Eight concrete mixtures from five of Idaho Transportation ...

Laboratory data to determine impact of coarse aggregate type and cementitious materials on design thickness of PCC pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

The Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) needed mechanical and volume change properties of portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement in order to implement pavement thickness design procedures of the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guid...

Analysis relating to pavement material characterizations and their effects on pavement performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-01-01

This report presents the analysis conducted on relating pavement performance or response measures and design considerations to specific pavement layers utilizing data contained in the Long-Term Pavement Performance Program National Information Manage...

Asphalt materials characterization in support of implementation of the proposed mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-01-01

The proposed Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) procedure is an improved methodology for pavement design and evaluation of paving materials. Since this new procedure depends heavily on the characterization of the fundamental engineer...

Long-term pavement performance project laboratory materials testing and handling guide

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-09-01

The Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Laboratory Material Testing Guide was originally prepared for laboratory material handling and testing of material specimens and samples of asphalt materials, portland cement concrete, aggregates, and soils u...

Quantification of smoothness index differences related to long-term pavement performance equipment type

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-09-01

The Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) program was designed as a 20-year study of pavement performance. A major data collection effort at LTPP test sections is the collection of longitudinal profile data using inertial profilers. Three types of in...

Nitrogen Transformations in Three Types of Permeable Pavement

EPA Science Inventory

In 2009, USEPA constructed a 0.4-ha (1-ac) parking lot at the Edison Environmental Center in Edison, NJ, that incorporated three different permeable pavement types - permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). The driving lanes...

A Research on Low Modulus Distributed Fiber Optical Sensor for Pavement Material Strain Monitoring

PubMed Central

Meng, Lingjian; Wang, Linbing; Hou, Yue; Yan, Guannan

2017-01-01

The accumulated irreversible deformation in pavement under repeated vehicle loadings will cause fatigue failure of asphalt concrete. It is necessary to monitor the mechanical response of pavement under load by using sensors. Previous studies have limitations in modulus accommodation between the sensor and asphalt pavement, and it is difficult to achieve the distributed monitoring goal. To solve these problems, a new type of low modulus distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) for asphalt pavement strain monitoring is fabricated. Laboratory experiments have proved the applicability and accuracy of the newly-designed sensor. This paper presents the results of the development. PMID:29048393

A Research on Low Modulus Distributed Fiber Optical Sensor for Pavement Material Strain Monitoring.

PubMed

Meng, Lingjian; Wang, Linbing; Hou, Yue; Yan, Guannan

2017-10-19

The accumulated irreversible deformation in pavement under repeated vehicle loadings will cause fatigue failure of asphalt concrete. It is necessary to monitor the mechanical response of pavement under load by using sensors. Previous studies have limitations in modulus accommodation between the sensor and asphalt pavement, and it is difficult to achieve the distributed monitoring goal. To solve these problems, a new type of low modulus distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) for asphalt pavement strain monitoring is fabricated. Laboratory experiments have proved the applicability and accuracy of the newly-designed sensor. This paper presents the results of the development.

Annual asphalt pavement industry survey on recycled materials and warm-mix asphalt usage : 2009-2012, [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-12-01

The objective of this survey was to quantify the use of recycled materials, including RAP and RAS, and WMA produced by the asphalt pavement industry. The National Asphalt Pavement Association (NAPA) conducted a voluntary survey of asphalt mixture pro...

Finite element simulation of structural performance on flexible pavements with stabilized base/treated subbase materials under accelerated loading.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

Accelerated pavement testing (APT) has been increasingly used by state highway agencies in recent years for evaluating pavement structures and/or materials. However, running an APT experiment is expensive. It requires costly accelerated loading devic...

Testing of materials from the Minnesota Cold Regions pavement research test facility

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-09-01

The U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) conducted various laboratory tests on pavement materials from the Mn/ ROAD facility. The tests helped to characterize the behavior of materials under season frost conditions, and ...

Evaluation of high performance pavement and bridge deck wearing surface repair materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

This project provided for a laboratory and field testing of several high performance repair materials for : pavements and concrete bridge decks. The main purpose was to provide ODOT with materials and procedures : to shorten road and bridge closures....

Improved image processing of road pavement defect by infrared thermography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sim, Jun-Gi

2018-03-01

This paper intends to achieve improved image processing for the clear identification of defects in damaged road pavement structure using infrared thermography non-destructive testing (NDT). To that goal, 4 types of pavement specimen including internal defects were fabricated to exploit the results obtained by heating the specimens by natural light. The results showed that defects located down to a depth of 3 cm could be detected by infrared thermography NDT using the improved image processing method.

Determining asphalt content for recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) materials.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-07-01

The State of Oregon uses significant amounts of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in dense-graded mixes on State : highways. The design process for these mixes relies on accurately knowing the amount of asphalt cement in the RAP : materials being used....

Singularity detection in FOG-based pavement data by wavelet transform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Dandan; Wang, Lixin; Hu, Wenbin; Zhang, Zhen; Fu, Jinghua; Gan, Weibing

2017-04-01

The angular velocity data of Fiber-Optic Gyro (FOG) has been analyzed to locate the singularity by the wavelet transform (WT) method. By using WT analysis method to decompose and reconstruct the signal of pavement data collecting by the FOG, the different types of pavement singularities can be extracted. The experiments are conducted on different road surfaces. The experimental results show that the locations of bumps and expansion joints have been obtained, with a relative precision of 0.5 m and an absolute precision of 2 m over 2.4 km. The characteristic of the pavement roughness can also be identified.

Feasibility of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) use as road base and subbase material.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state of the practice with regard to the use of reclaimed asphalt : pavement (RAP) material for road base and subbase applications and the potential for such use by the Virginia Department of :...

LTPP pavement maintenance materials : SHRP joint reseal experiment, final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-09-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) H-106 maintenance experiment and the Federal Highway : Administration (FHWA) Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites project studied : the resealing of joints in concrete p...

The evaluation of epoxy thermoplastic pavement marking material in Virginia : the application : interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1983-01-01

Epoxy Thermoplastic (ETP) is a recently developed epoxy-resin-based thermoplastic pavement marking material being promoted by the Federal Highway Administration as a possible substitute for conventional traffic paints and thermoplastics. Its reported...

Greenhouse gas emissions of alternative pavement designs: framework development and illustrative application.

PubMed

Liu, Xiaoyu; Cui, Qingbin; Schwartz, Charles

2014-01-01

Pavement rehabilitation is carbon intensive and the choice of pavement type is a critical factor in controlling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The existing body of knowledge is not able to support decision-making on pavement choice due to a lack of consensus on the system boundaries, the functional units and the estimation periods. Excessive data requirements further inhibit the generalization of the existing methodologies for design evaluation at the early planning stage. This study proposes a practical life-cycle GHG estimation approach, which is arguably effective to benchmark pavement emissions given project bid tabulation. A set of case studies conducted for this study suggest that recycled asphalt pavement (e.g., foam stabilized base (FSB), and warm mix asphalt (WMA)) would prevent up to 50% of GHGs from the initial construction phase. However, from a life-cycle perspective, pavement emissions are dictated largely by the traffic characteristics and the analysis period for the use phase. The benefits from using recycled materials (e.g., FSB) are likely to diminish if the recycled products do not perform as well as those properly proportioned with less recycled materials, or if the recycled materials are locally unavailable. When the AADT reaches 10,000, use phase releases more than 97% of the life cycle emissions and the emissions difference among alternative designs will be within 1%. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Study on Flexible Pavement Failures in Soft Soil Tropical Regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jayakumar, M.; Chee Soon, Lee

2015-04-01

Road network system experienced rapid upgrowth since ages ago and it started developing in Malaysia during the colonization of British due to its significant impacts in transportation field. Flexible pavement, the major road network in Malaysia, has been deteriorating by various types of distresses which cause descending serviceability of the pavement structure. This paper discusses the pavement condition assessment carried out in Sarawak and Sabah, Malaysia to have design solutions for flexible pavement failures. Field tests were conducted to examine the subgrade strength of existing roads in Sarawak at various failure locations, to assess the impact of subgrade strength on pavement failures. Research outcomes from field condition assessment and subgrade testing showed that the critical causes of pavement failures are inadequate design and maintenance of drainage system and shoulder cross fall, along with inadequate pavement thickness provided by may be assuming the conservative value of soil strength at optimum moisture content, whereas the exiting and expected subgrade strengths at equilibrium moisture content are far below. Our further research shows that stabilized existing recycled asphalt and base materials to use as a sub-base along with bitumen stabilized open graded base in the pavement composition may be a viable solution for pavement failures.

Impact of the variation in dynamic vehicle load on flexible pavement responses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahsanuzzaman, Md

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the dynamic variation in asphalt pavement critical responses due to dynamic tire load variations. An attempt was also made to develop generalized regression equations to predict the dynamic response variation in flexible pavement under various dynamic load conditions. The study used an extensive database of computed pavement response histories for five different types of sites (smooth, rough, medium rough, very rough and severely rough), two different asphalt pavement structures (thin and thick) at two temperatures (70 °F and 104 °F), subjected to a tandem axle dual tire at three speeds 25, 37 and 50 mph (40, 60 and 80 km/h). All pavement responses were determined using the 3D-Move Analysis program (Version 1.2) developed by University of Nevada, Reno. A new term called Dynamic Response Coefficient (DRC) was introduced in this study to address the variation in critical pavement responses due to dynamic loads as traditionally measured by the Dynamic Load Coefficient (DLC). While DLC represents the additional varying component of the tire load, DRC represents the additional varying component of the response value (standard deviation divided by mean response). In this study, DRC was compared with DLC for five different sites based on the roughness condition of the sites. Previous studies showed that DLC varies with vehicle speed and suspension types, and assumes a constant value for the whole pavement structure (lateral and vertical directions). On the other hand, in this study, DRC was found to be significantly varied with the asphalt pavement and function of pavement structure, road roughness conditions, temperatures, vehicle speeds, suspension types, and locations of the point of interest in the pavement. A major contribution of the study is that the variation of pavement responses due to dynamic load in a flexible pavement system can be predicted with generalized regression equations. Fitting parameters (R2) in the

Overview of long-term, multiple pavement type, tire/road noise study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-10-29

The Volpe Center Acoustics Facility, in support of the California Department of : Transportation (Caltrans), has begun a five-year study to assess several types of pavement for : the purpose of noise abatement. On Highway 138 in Southern California (...

Development of Probabilistic Rigid Pavement Design Methodologies for Military Airfields.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-01

4A161102AT22, Task AO, Work Unit 009, "Methodology for Considering Material Variability in Pavement Design." OCE Project Monitor was Mr. S. S. Gillespie. The...PREFACE. .. ............................. VOLUME 1: STATE OF THE ART VARIABILITY OF AIRFIELD PAVEMENT MATERIALS VOLUME 11: MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF...VOLUME IV: PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS OF RIGID AIRFIELD DESIGN BY ELASTIC LAYERED THEORY VOLUME I STATE OF THE ART VARIABILITY OF AIRFIELD PAVEMENT MATERIALS

Extending the Service Life of Pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gschwendt, Ivan

2018-03-01

The cost of road construction and expenditures on the maintenance of pavements, i.e., their whole life cost, represents a lot of money. The paper describes a procedure for a pavement management system with degradation models and estimates the length of time for the rehabilitation of an asphalt pavement. Using a theory of pavement mechanics, we calculated the stresses and strains on the layers of two pavement models. High modulus asphalt concrete, an asphalt mix with a high binder content, and an asphalt mix with binder modifications are new road building materials. Prolonging the time for the rehabilitation of pavements is possible.

Effect of mineral additives on structure and properties of concrete for pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sobol, Khrystyna; Markiv, Taras; Hunyak, Oleksii

2017-12-01

Concrete pavements is an attractive alternative to asphalt pavements because of its lower cost and higher durability. Major contribution to sustainable development can be made by partial replacement of cement in concrete pavement with supplementary cementitious materials of different nature and origin. In this paper, the effect of natural zeolite and perlite additives in complex with chemical admixtures on the structure and properties of concrete for pavement was studied. Compressive and flexural strength test was used to study the mechanical behavior of designed concrete under load. Generally, the compressive strength of both control concrete and concrete containing mineral additives levels at the later ages of hardening. The microstructure analysis of concrete with mineral additives of different nature activity showed the formation of additional amount of hydration products such as tobermorite type calcium hydrosilicate which provide self-reinforcement of hardening concrete system.

Filtration and clogging of permeable pavement loaded by urban drainage.

PubMed

Sansalone, J; Kuang, X; Ying, G; Ranieri, V

2012-12-15

Permeable pavement, as a sustainable infrastructure material can promote hydrologic restoration, particulate matter (PM) and solute control. However, filtration and commensurate clogging are two aspects of continued interest and discussion. This study quantifies filtration and clogging of cementitious permeable pavement (CPP) for loadings from 50 to 200 mg/L of hetero-disperse sandy-silt PM. The CPP mix design provides a hetero-disperse pore size distribution (PSD)(pore), effective porosity (φ(e)) of 24% and median pore size of 658 μm with a standard deviation of 457 μm. The PM mass separation across the entire particle size distribution (PSD)(PM) exceeds 80%; with complete separation for PM greater than 300 μm and 50% separation for suspended PM. Turbidity is reduced (42-95%), and effluent is below 10 NTU in the first quartile of a loading period. Permeable pavement illustrates reductions in initial (clean-bed) hydraulic conductivity (k(0)) with loading time. For all PM loadings, k(0) (3.1 × 10(-1) mm/s) was reduced to 10(-4) mm/s for runoff loading durations from 100 to 250 h, respectively. Temporal hydraulic conductivity (k) follows exponential profiles. Maintenance by vacuuming and sonication illustrate that 96-99% of k(0) is recovered. Permeable pavement constitutive properties integrated with measured PM loads and a year of continuous rainfall-runoff simulation illustrate k reduction with historical loadings. Study results measure and model filtration and hydraulic conductivity phenomena as well as maintenance requirements of permeable pavement directly loaded by urban drainage. Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Investigation of structural capacity of geogrid-reinforced aggregate base materials in flexible pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

The objective of this research was to investigate the structural capacity of geogrid-reinforced aggregate base materials in flexible pavements through full-scale testing. The scope involved field testing at two sites in northern Utah that each includ...

Analyses Relating to Pavement Material Characterizations and Their Effects......

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-01-01

This report presents the analysis conducted on relating pavement performance or response measures and design considerations to specific pavement layers utilizing data contained in the Long Term Pavement Performance Program National Information Manage...

Identification of pavement distress in Kentucky.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-04-01

In Kentucky, the roads are comprised primarily of two types of pavement. The first being Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) a rigid pavement, and the other is Asphaltic Concrete (AC), a flexible pavement. There is a noticeable difference in their appeara...

Alternative pavement designs : Randolph park and ride.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-05-01

Previous research on alternative pavement type bidding has proven that various treatments : are unique in terms of constructability, material characteristics, and associated performance. : While some treatments may have higher initial costs, it is im...

Effective flow resistivity of highway pavements.

PubMed

Rochat, Judith L; Read, David R

2013-12-01

In the case of highway traffic noise, propagating sound is influenced by the ground over which it travels, whether it is the pavement itself or the ground between the highway and nearby communities. Properly accounting for ground type in modeling can increase accuracy in noise impact determinations and noise abatement design. Pavement-specific effective flow resistivity values are being investigated for inclusion in the Federal Highway Administration Traffic Noise Model, which uses these values in the sound propagation algorithms and currently applies a single effective flow resistivity value to all pavement. Pavement-specific effective flow resistivity values were obtained by applying a modified version of the American National Standards Institute S1.18 standard. The data analysis process was tailored to allow for increased sensitivity and extraction of effective flow resistivity values for a broad range of pavements (sound absorptive to reflective). For porous pavements (sound absorptive), it was determined that examination of the measured data can reveal influence from an underlying structure. Use of such techniques can aid in the design of quieter pavements.

Durable, cost-effective pavement markings phase I : synthesis of current research.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-06-01

Pavement marking technology is a continually evolving subject. There are numerous types of : materials used in the field today, including (but not limited to) paint, epoxy, tape, and : thermoplastic. Each material has its own set of unique characteri...

Long-Term Monitoring of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-06-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program's {SHRP) H-106 pothole repair experiment was part of the most extensive pavement maintenance experiment ever conducted. Started under SHRP and continued under the Long-Term Pavement Performance program's Long-Te...

Evaluation of Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTTP) Climatic Data for Use in Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) Calibration and Other Pavement Analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-05-01

Improvements in the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Programs climate data are needed to support current and future research into climate effects on pavement materials, design, and performance. The calibration and enhancement of the Mechanist...

Removing obstacles for pavement cost reduction by examining early age opening requirements : material properties.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

The risk of cracking in a concrete pavement that is opened to traffic at early ages is related to the maximum tensile stress, , that : develops in the pavement and its relationship to the measured, age dependent, flexural strength of a beam, fr . T...

A method to assess the use of new and recycled materials in pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-04-01

This report includes the results of a research project aimed at developing a comprehensive analysis : framework for evaluating new and recycled materials to be used in pavements in Michigan. Two basic : components of the framework are: (i) Engineerin...

LTPP pavement maintenance materials : PCC partial-depth spall repair experiment, final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-10-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) H-106 maintenance experiment and the Federal Highway Administration : (FHWA) Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites project studied the repair of partialdepth : spalls in ...

Hot in-Place Recycling of Asphalt Pavements.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-08-04

WEARING SPECIFIED THICKNESS SURFACE • b. With ’Tew Aggregate, Modifier, And Asphalt ," ..’ . ,,, /f",’"" 4.. Figure 8. Typical Cold In-Place...34. .. .; ’-. , .?-. . ; ,....",.’.". ’. .- +-;-?,..- . .-’. , .. ’.,,..-, . ..- ?.,,,..-N ....-, ..,-. -".,,’." - HOT IN-PLACE RECYCLING OF ASPHALT PAVEMENTS An Engineering Report by0 Michael Lawrence Dowdy Submitted...for asphalt pavements. This type of asphalt pavement recycling process is becoming

Fatigue cracking in road pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mackiewicz, P.

2018-05-01

The article presents the problem of modelling fatigue phenomena occurring in the road pavement. The example of two selected pavements shows the changes occurring under the influence of the load in different places of the pavement layers. Attention is paid to various values of longitudinal and transverse strains generated at the moment of passing the wheel on the pavement. It was found that the key element in the crack propagation analysis is the method of transferring the load to the pavement by the tire and the strain distribution in the pavement. During the passage of the wheel in the lower layers of the pavement, a complex stress state arises. Then vertical, horizontal and tangent stresses with various values appear. The numerical analyses carried out with the use of finite element methods allowed to assess the strain and stress changes occurring in the process of cracking road pavement. It has been shown that low-thickness pavements are susceptible to fatigue cracks arising "bottom to top", while pavements thicker are susceptible to "top to bottom" cracks. The analysis of the type of stress allowed to determine the cracking mechanism.

Overview of the Arizona Quiet Pavement Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Donavan, Paul; Scofield, Larry

2005-09-01

The Arizona Quiet Pavement Pilot Program (QP3) was initially implemented to reduce highway related traffic noise by overlaying most of the Phoenix metropolitan area Portland cement concrete pavement with a one inch thick asphalt rubber friction coarse. With FHWA support, this program represents the first time that pavement surface type has been allowed as a noise mitigation strategy on federally funded projects. As a condition of using pavement type as a noise mitigation strategy, ADOT developed a ten-year, $3.8 million research program to evaluate the noise reduction performance over time. Historically, pavement surface type was not considered a permanent solution. As a result, the research program was designed to specifically address this issue. Noise performance is being evaluated through three means: (1) conventional roadside testing within the roadway corridor (e.g., far field measurements within the right-of-way) (2) the use of near field measurements, both close proximity (CPX) and sound intensity (SI); and (3) far field measurements obtained beyond the noise barriers within the surrounding neighborhoods. This paper provides an overview of the program development, presents the research conducted to support the decision to overlay the urban freeway, and the status of current research.

Measuring Carbon Footprint of Flexible Pavement Construction Project in Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hatmoko, Jati Utomo Dwi; Hidayat, Arif; Setiawati, Apsari; Prasetyo, Stefanus Catur Adi

2018-02-01

Road infrastructure in Indonesia is mainly dominated by flexible pavement type. Its construction process, however, has raised concerns in terms of its environment impacts. This study aims to track and measure the carbon footprint of flexible pavement. The objectives are to map the construction process in relation to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, to quantify them in terms of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) as generated by the process of production and transportation of raw materials, and the operation of plant off-site and on-site project. Data collection was done by having site observations and interviews with project stakeholders. The results show a total emissions of 70.888 tonnes CO2e, consisting of 34.248 tonnes CO2e (48.31%) off-site activities and 36.640 tonnes CO2e (51.687%) on-site activities. The two highest CO2e emissions were generated by the use of plant for asphalt concrete laying activities accounted 34.827 tonnes CO2e (49.130%), and material transportation accounted 24.921 (35.155%). These findings provide a new perspective of the carbon footprint in flexible pavement and suggest the urgent need for the use of more efficient and environmentally friendly plant in construction process as it shows the most significant contribution on the CO2e. This study provides valuable understanding on the environmental impact of typical flexible pavement projects in Indonesia, and further can be used for developing green road framework.

Investigation into improved pavement curing materials and techniques : part 2 (phase III).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-03-01

Appropriate curing is important for concrete to obtain the designed properties. This research was conducted to evaluate the curing : effects of different curing materials and methods on pavement properties. At present the sprayed curing compound is a...

Long-term infiltration capacity of different types of permeable pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-08-01

Permeable pavements such as porous asphalt, pervious concrete and permeable interlocking concrete pavers are relatively novel alternatives to conventional pavement that allow rain and snowmelt to infiltrate, thereby reducing runoff, flooding and nonp...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors : contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive : alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor ...

Effect of crumb rubber on the mechanical properties of crushed recycled pavement materials.

PubMed

Li, Jie; Saberian, Mohammad; Nguyen, Bao Thach

2018-07-15

The low-carbon footprint of using recycled construction and demolition (C&D) aggregates in civil engineering infrastructure applications has been considered to be a significant solution for the replacement of conventional pavement aggregates. Investigations regarding the use of crumb rubber in the base and subbase layers of pavement have been well documented. However, information on the effects of crumb rubber and its size within C&D aggregates as the base/subbase layers is still very limited. In this study, crumb rubber with particle sizes ranging from 400 to 600 μm (fine) to 10-15 mm (coarse), 20 mm recycled crushed concrete (RCC), and 20 mm crushed rock (CR) were used. The crumb rubber was added to the two groups of C&D aggregates at 0.5, 1 and 2% by weight percentages of the aggregates. The effect of crumb rubber on the mechanical properties (such as California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength, aggregate crushing value, dynamic lightweight cone penetrometer, Clegg impact value, Los Angeles abrasion values, and resilient modulus) of the C&D aggregates was then examined. Based on the experimental test results, it was found that crumb rubber can be recycled as a waste material for the base and subbase layers in the pavement. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Pavement noise measurements in Poland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zofka, Ewa; Zofka, Adam; Mechowski, Tomasz

2017-09-01

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the On-Board Sound Intensity (OBSI) system to measure tire-pavement noise in Poland. In general, sources of noise emitted by the modern vehicles are the propulsion noise, aerodynamic resistance and noise generated at the tire-pavement interface. In order to capture tire-pavement noise, the OBSI system uses a noise intensity probe installed in the close proximity of that interface. In this study, OBSI measurements were performed at different types of pavement surfaces such as stone mastic asphalt (SMA), regular asphalt concrete (HMA) as well as Portland cement concrete (PCC). The influence of several necessary OBSI measurement conditions were recognized as: testing speed, air temperature, tire pressure and tire type. The results of this study demonstrate that the OBSI system is a viable and robust tool that can be used for the quality evaluation of newly built asphalt pavements in Poland. It can be also applied to generate reliable input parameters for the noise propagation models that are used to assess the environmental impact of new and existing highway corridors.

Materials and Procedures for Repair of Potholes in Asphalt-Surfaced Pavements : Manual of Practice (Updated)

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-12-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) H-106 maintenance experiment and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites project studied the repair of potholes in asphalt-surface...

Characterization and development of truck load spectra and growth factors for current and future pavement design practices in Louisiana.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

For pavement design practices, several factors must be considered to ensure good pavement performance over the anticipated life cycle. : Such factors include, but are not limited to, the type of paving materials, traffic loading characteristics, prev...

Development of field performance evaluation tools and program for pavement marking materials : technical report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

Historically the prequalification or selection of pavement marking materials (PMMs) is mainly based on : product specifications and lab testing, which do not correlate well with the field performance of the products. : On the other hand, there is no ...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix G.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix F.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix E.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix D.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix B.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix C.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Guide to cement-based integrated pavement solutions.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-08-01

This guide provides a clear, concise, and cohesive presentation of cement-bound materials options for 10 : specific engineering pavement applications: new concrete pavements, concrete overlays, pervious concrete, : precast pavements, roller-compacted...

Mechanics based model for predicting structure-induced rolling resistance (SRR) of the tire-pavement system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shakiba, Maryam; Ozer, Hasan; Ziyadi, Mojtaba; Al-Qadi, Imad L.

2016-11-01

The structure-induced rolling resistance of pavements, and its impact on vehicle fuel consumption, is investigated in this study. The structural response of pavement causes additional rolling resistance and fuel consumption of vehicles through deformation of pavement and various dissipation mechanisms associated with inelastic material properties and damping. Accurate and computationally efficient models are required to capture these mechanisms and obtain realistic estimates of changes in vehicle fuel consumption. Two mechanistic-based approaches are currently used to calculate vehicle fuel consumption as related to structural rolling resistance: dissipation-induced and deflection-induced methods. The deflection-induced approach is adopted in this study, and realistic representation of pavement-vehicle interactions (PVIs) is incorporated. In addition to considering viscoelastic behavior of asphalt concrete layers, the realistic representation of PVIs in this study includes non-uniform three-dimensional tire contact stresses and dynamic analysis in pavement simulations. The effects of analysis type, tire contact stresses, pavement viscoelastic properties, pavement damping coefficients, vehicle speed, and pavement temperature are then investigated.

Comparative field permeability measurement of permeable pavements using ASTM C1701 and NCAT permeameter methods.

PubMed

Li, Hui; Kayhanian, Masoud; Harvey, John T

2013-03-30

Fully permeable pavement is gradually gaining support as an alternative best management practice (BMP) for stormwater runoff management. As the use of these pavements increases, a definitive test method is needed to measure hydraulic performance and to evaluate clogging, both for performance studies and for assessment of permeability for construction quality assurance and maintenance needs assessment. Two of the most commonly used permeability measurement tests for porous asphalt and pervious concrete are the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) permeameter and ASTM C1701, respectively. This study was undertaken to compare measured values for both methods in the field on a variety of permeable pavements used in current practice. The field measurements were performed using six experimental section designs with different permeable pavement surface types including pervious concrete, porous asphalt and permeable interlocking concrete pavers. Multiple measurements were performed at five locations on each pavement test section. The results showed that: (i) silicone gel is a superior sealing material to prevent water leakage compared with conventional plumbing putty; (ii) both methods (NCAT and ASTM) can effectively be used to measure the permeability of all pavement types and the surface material type will not impact the measurement precision; (iii) the permeability values measured with the ASTM method were 50-90% (75% on average) lower than those measured with the NCAT method; (iv) the larger permeameter cylinder diameter used in the ASTM method improved the reliability and reduced the variability of the measured permeability. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Guidelines for rehabilitating flexible pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1986-01-01

The guidelines presented in this report are intended as an aid to the engineer in selecting the most appropriate type of pavement rehabilitation from those that are available. The basic types of distress in pavement surfaces and their causes are desc...

Moisture Content Numerical Simulation on Structural Damage of Hot Mix Asphaltic Pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abejide, O. S.; Mostafa, M. M. H.

2017-06-01

Considering the merits of road transportation in the economy and communication activities of the modern societies, it is imperative to design a safe, stable, efficient and cost effective road that will lead to increased economic development and growth of the South African nation. Although, the overarching effect of failed roads has in many ways led to increased travel time, loss of life and property; leading to reduced driver control on failed road sections (riding quality). Thus, time rate delamination of flexible pavement is a major focus of this study. Since structural collapse in a flexible pavement structure is caused by the evolution of different types of damage mechanisms; fatigue cracking, advanced crushing, temperature variation, and delamination. The effect of moisture content on HMA was analysed. The analysis from the multi-layered elastic model indicates that increase in moisture content in the underlying layer of HMA pavement results to increase in the strain of the individual layers and culminates to a decrease in the structural carrying capacity of the pavement with respect to number of load cycles that can be carried on the HMA pavement. This study shows a clear relationship between the moisture/saturation coefficient and the Elastic Modulus of the underlying geometric material layer properties of the pavement during the service life of the pavement.

Mechanistic interpretation of nondestructive pavement testing deflections

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoffman, M. S.; Thompson, M. R.

1981-06-01

A method for the back calculation of material properties in flexible pavements based on the interpretation of surface deflection measurements is proposed. The ILLI-PAVE, a stress-dependent finite element pavement model, was used to generate data for developing algorithms and nomographs for deflection basin interpretation. Twenty four different flexible pavement sections throughout the State of Illinois were studied. Deflections were measured and loading mode effects on pavement response were investigated. The factors controlling the pavement response to different loading modes are identified and explained. Correlations between different devices are developed. The back calculated parameters derived from the proposed evaluation procedure can be used as inputs for asphalt concrete overlay design.

Seasonal variations in the moduli of unbound pavement layers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-07-01

The in situ moduli of unbound pavement materials vary on a seasonal basis as a function of temperature and moisture conditions. : Knowledge of these variations is required for accurate prediction of pavement life for pavement design and other pavemen...

The leaf phenophase of deciduous species altered by land pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yuanyuan; Wang, Xiaoke; Jiang, Bo; Li, Li

2018-06-01

It has been widely reported that the urban environment alters leaf and flowering phenophases; however, it remains unclear if land pavement is correlated with these alterations. In this paper, two popular deciduous urban trees in northern China, ash ( Fraxinus chinensis) and maple ( Acer truncatum), were planted in pervious and impervious pavements at three spacings (0.5 m × 0.5 m, 1.0 m × 1.0 m, and 2.0 m × 2.0 m apart). The beginning and end dates of the processes of leaf budburst and senescence were recorded in spring and fall of 2015, respectively. The results show that leaf budburst and senescence were significantly advanced in pavement compared to non-pavement lands. The date of full leaf budburst was earlier by 0.7-9.3 days for ash and by 0.3-2.3 days for maple under pavements than non-pavements, respectively. As tree spacing increases, the advanced days of leaf budburst became longer. Our results clearly indicate that alteration of leaf phenophases is attributed to land pavement, which should be taken into consideration in urban planning and urban plant management.

The leaf phenophase of deciduous species altered by land pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Yuanyuan; Wang, Xiaoke; Jiang, Bo; Li, Li

2018-02-01

It has been widely reported that the urban environment alters leaf and flowering phenophases; however, it remains unclear if land pavement is correlated with these alterations. In this paper, two popular deciduous urban trees in northern China, ash (Fraxinus chinensis) and maple (Acer truncatum), were planted in pervious and impervious pavements at three spacings (0.5 m × 0.5 m, 1.0 m × 1.0 m, and 2.0 m × 2.0 m apart). The beginning and end dates of the processes of leaf budburst and senescence were recorded in spring and fall of 2015, respectively. The results show that leaf budburst and senescence were significantly advanced in pavement compared to non-pavement lands. The date of full leaf budburst was earlier by 0.7-9.3 days for ash and by 0.3-2.3 days for maple under pavements than non-pavements, respectively. As tree spacing increases, the advanced days of leaf budburst became longer. Our results clearly indicate that alteration of leaf phenophases is attributed to land pavement, which should be taken into consideration in urban planning and urban plant management.

Assessment of Asphalt Concrete Reinforcement Grid in Flexible Pavements

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-01

Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures (1993) remains in use and describes in detail the accepted procedures for both the design and maintenance...of pavement structures. Design considerations include pavement perfor- mance, traffic, subgrade soil, construction materials, environment, drain- age...Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials). 1993. Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures. Washington, DC: American Association of

The relationship between compressive strength and flexural strength of pavement geopolymer grouting material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, L.; Han, X. X.; Ge, J.; Wang, C. H.

2018-01-01

To determine the relationship between compressive strength and flexural strength of pavement geopolymer grouting material, 20 groups of geopolymer grouting materials were prepared, the compressive strength and flexural strength were determined by mechanical properties test. On the basis of excluding the abnormal values through boxplot, the results show that, the compressive strength test results were normal, but there were two mild outliers in 7days flexural strength test. The compressive strength and flexural strength were linearly fitted by SPSS, six regression models were obtained by linear fitting of compressive strength and flexural strength. The linear relationship between compressive strength and flexural strength can be better expressed by the cubic curve model, and the correlation coefficient was 0.842.

Engineering properties of resin modified pavement (RMP) for mechanistic design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anderton, Gary Lee

1997-11-01

The research study described in this report focuses on determining the engineering properties of the resin modified pavement (RMP) material relating to pavement performance, and then developing a rational mechanistic design procedure to replace the current empirical design procedure. A detailed description of RMP is provided, including a review of the available literature on this relatively new pavement technology. Field evaluations of four existing and two new RMP project sites were made to assess critical failure modes and to obtain pavement samples for subsequent laboratory testing. Various engineering properties of laboratory-produced and field-recovered samples of RMP were measured and analyzed. The engineering properties evaluated included those relating to the material's stiffness, strength, thermal properties, and traffic-related properties. Comparisons of these data to typical values for asphalt concrete and portland cement concrete were made to relate the physical nature of RMP to more common pavement surfacing materials. A mechanistic design procedure was developed to determine appropriate thickness profiles of RMP, using stiffness and fatigue properties determined by this study. The design procedure is based on the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers layered elastic method for airfield flexible pavements. The WESPAVE computer program was used to demonstrate the new design procedure for a hypothetical airfield apron design. The results of the study indicated that RMP is a relatively stiff, viscoelastic pavement surfacing material with many of its strength and stiffness properties falling between those of typical asphalt concrete and portland cement concrete. The RMP's thermal and traffic-related properties indicated favorable field performance. The layered elastic design approach appeared to be a reasonable and practical method for RMP mechanistic pavement design, and this design procedure was recommended for future use and development.

Effects of using silica fume and polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer on physical properties of cementitious grout mixtures for semiflexible pavement surfacing.

PubMed

Koting, Suhana; Karim, Mohamed Rehan; Mahmud, Hilmi; Mashaan, Nuha S; Ibrahim, Mohd Rasdan; Katman, Herdayati; Husain, Nadiah Md

2014-01-01

Semi-flexible pavement surfacing is a composite pavement that utilizes the porous pavement structure of the flexible bituminous pavement, which is subsequently grouted with appropriate cementitious materials. This study aims to investigate the compressive strength, flexural strength, and workability performance of cementitious grout. The grout mixtures are designed to achieve high strength and maintain flow properties in order to allow the cement slurries to infiltrate easily through unfilled compacted skeletons. A paired-sample t-test was carried out to find out whether water/cement ratio, SP percentages, and use of silica fume influence the cementitious grout performance. The findings showed that the replacement of 5% silica fume with an adequate amount of superplasticizer and water/cement ratio was beneficial in improving the properties of the cementitious grout.

Preliminary Procedure for Structural Design of Pervious Concrete Pavements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-11-01

Pervious concrete (PC) is a pavement material that provides a porous medium to facilitate the infiltration of stormwater to the underlayers. With the increasing use of PC pavement nationwide, the mechanical properties of the material need to be estab...

Stormwater quality of spring-summer-fall effluent from three partial-infiltration permeable pavement systems and conventional asphalt pavement.

PubMed

Drake, Jennifer; Bradford, Andrea; Van Seters, Tim

2014-06-15

This study examined the spring, summer and fall water quality performance of three partial-infiltration permeable pavement (PP) systems and a conventional asphalt pavement in Ontario. The study, conducted between 2010 and 2012, compared the water quality of effluent from two Interlocking Permeable Concrete Pavements (AquaPave(®) and Eco-Optiloc(®)) and a Hydromedia(®) Pervious Concrete pavement with runoff from an Asphalt control pavement. The usage of permeable pavements can mitigate the impact of urbanization on receiving surface water systems through quantity control and stormwater treatment. The PP systems provided excellent stormwater treatment for petroleum hydrocarbons, total suspended solids, metals (copper, iron, manganese and zinc) and nutrients (total-nitrogen and total-phosphorus) by reducing event mean concentrations (EMC) as well as total pollutant loadings. The PPs significantly reduced the concentration and loading of ammonia (NH4(+)+NH3), nitrite (NO2(-)) and organic-nitrogen (Org-N) but increased the concentration and loading of nitrate (NO3(-)). The PP systems had mixed performances for the treatment of phosphate (PO4(3-)). The PP systems increased the concentration of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) but EMCs remained well below recommended levels for drinking water quality. Relative to the observed runoff, winter road salt was released more slowly from the PP systems resulting in elevated spring and early-summer Cl and Na concentrations in effluent. PP materials were found to introduce dissolved solids into the infiltrating stormwater. The release of these pollutants was verified by additional laboratory scale testing of the individual pavement and aggregate materials at the University of Guelph. Pollutant concentrations were greatest during the first few months after construction and declined rapidly over the course of the study. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of bitumen type on cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures used in pavement overlays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jaskula, P.; Szydlowski, C.; Stienss, M.

2018-05-01

Cracking is one of the predominant distresses occurring in flexible pavements, especially in old pavements that were rehabilitated with an asphalt overlay. In such cases asphalt mixtures should be designed to ensure high resistance to reflective cracking because new asphalt layers are exposed to existing cracks of the old pavement. The nature of these cracks can be various (transverse, longitudinal as well as crazy cracking). One factor that minimizes this type of distress is the proper mix design process, which should involve selection of specific bitumen binder and mineral mix gradation. However, still there is no universally adopted laboratory test method that would allow to clearly assess resistance of asphalt mixtures to reflective cracking. This paper describes the usage of one of the devices developed to test asphalt mixtures in terms of such distress – Texas Overlay Tester. For this test, samples prepared in laboratory conditions (i.e. compacted with the use of Superpave Gyratory Compactor) as well as obtained in the field (by core drilling) can be used. The results are obtained not only quickly and easily, but also with sufficient repeatability. The described method characterizes both crack initiation and crack propagation properties of asphalt mixtures. In this work one type of mineral mixture was tested with 4 different types of bitumen (one neat bitumen, two ordinary polymer-modified and one polymer-modified with high polymer content). For selected cases extra additives (rubber and loose fibres) were also tested. In total, six asphalt mixtures were tested. A ranking of the used binders was created on the basis of the results in order to conclude which bitumen would ensure the best performance characteristics in terms of reflective cracking. The results have clearly shown that deliberate choice of the binder used in the asphalt mixture for the overlay will significantly improve its reflective cracking resistance or even fatigue resistance.

Application of empirical and mechanistic-empirical pavement design procedures to Mn/ROAD concrete pavement test sections

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-05-01

Current pavement design procedures are based principally on empirical approaches. The current trend toward developing more mechanistic-empirical type pavement design methods led Minnesota to develop the Minnesota Road Research Project (Mn/ROAD), a lo...

Characterization of material properties for mechanistic-empirical pavement design in Wyoming : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-12-01

The Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) recently transitioned from the empirical AASHTO Design for Design of Pavement Structures to the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) as their standard pavement design procedure. A compre...

Characterization of cementitiously stabilized subgrades for mechanistic-empirical pavement design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solanki, Pranshoo

Pavements are vulnerable to subgrade layer performance because it acts as a foundation. Due to increase in the truck traffic, pavement engineers are challenged to build more strong and long-lasting pavements. To increase the load-bearing capacity of pavements, subgrade layer is often stabilized with cementitious additives. Thus, an overall characterization of stabilized subgrade layer is important for enhanced short- and long-term pavement performance. In this study, the effect of type and amount of additive on the short-term performance in terms of material properties recommended by the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) is examined. A total of four soils commonly encountered as subgrades in Oklahoma are utilized. Results show that the changes in the Mr, ME and UCS values stabilized specimens depend on the soil type and properties of additives. The long-term performance (or durability) of stabilized soil specimens is investigated by conducting freeze-thaw (F-T) cycling, vacuum saturation and tube suction tests on 7-day cured P-, K- and C-soil specimens stabilized with 6% lime, 10% CFA and 10% CKD. This study is motivated by the fact that during the service life of pavement stabilized layers are subjected to F-T cycles and moisture variations. It is found that that UCS value of all the stabilized specimens decreased with increase in the number of F-T cycles. A strong correlation was observed between UCS values retained after vacuum saturation and F-T cycles indicating that vacuum saturation could be used as a time-efficient and inexpensive method for evaluating durability of stabilized soils. In this study, short- and long-term observations from stabilization of sulfate bearing soil with locally available low (CFA), moderate (CKD) and high (lime) calcium-based stabilizers are determined to evaluate and compare the effect of additive type on the phenomenon of sulfate-induced heave. The impact of different factors on the development of the

Guidelines for PCC inputs to AASHTOWare Pavement ME.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

The objective of this research study was to develop guidelines for portland cement concrete (PCC) material inputs to the : AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design program. The AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design is the software program used by the : Mississippi Depa...

Review of the development of concrete pavement surface types and their acoustic performance with time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scofield, Larry A.

2005-09-01

Roadways have been constructed out of concrete pavements in the United States since the late 1800s. Numerous surface textures have been produced including burlap drag, astroturf, uniformly and random transverse tined, longitudinally tined, and both profile and whisper diamond grinding processes. Each surface evolved for specific reasons during the historical development of Portland Cement Concrete Pavements (PCCP).This paper reviews the development of these various surface texture types and the reasons for their evolution. In addition, results from both far field and near field acoustic testing are presented to evaluate the ``acoustic'' performance of these surfaces over time.For five surface types, 1/24 octave analysis were conducted on CPX data obtained with a single tire. The spectrum of each of these surface types is presented for comparison. For three of the surfaces, speed gradient testing, ranging between 25-75 MPH was conducted. 1/24 octave analysis of each of these runs was conducted so that that any speed induced spectrum shifts could be observed.The results to date indicate that the adverse tonal properties of some PCCP surfaces can be eliminated through diamond grinding and prevented by not constructing transverse tined PCCP.

Effects of Using Silica Fume and Polycarboxylate-Type Superplasticizer on Physical Properties of Cementitious Grout Mixtures for Semiflexible Pavement Surfacing

PubMed Central

Karim, Mohamed Rehan; Mahmud, Hilmi; Mashaan, Nuha S.; Katman, Herdayati; Husain, Nadiah Md

2014-01-01

Semi-flexible pavement surfacing is a composite pavement that utilizes the porous pavement structure of the flexible bituminous pavement, which is subsequently grouted with appropriate cementitious materials. This study aims to investigate the compressive strength, flexural strength, and workability performance of cementitious grout. The grout mixtures are designed to achieve high strength and maintain flow properties in order to allow the cement slurries to infiltrate easily through unfilled compacted skeletons. A paired-sample t-test was carried out to find out whether water/cement ratio, SP percentages, and use of silica fume influence the cementitious grout performance. The findings showed that the replacement of 5% silica fume with an adequate amount of superplasticizer and water/cement ratio was beneficial in improving the properties of the cementitious grout. PMID:24526911

Quantifying Evaporation in a Permeable Pavement System ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Studies quantifying evaporation from permeable pavement systems are limited to a few laboratory studies and one field application. This research quantifies evaporation for a larger-scale field application by measuring the water balance from lined permeable pavement sections. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) constructed a 0.4-ha parking lot in Edison, NJ, that incorporated three different permeable pavement types in the parking lanes – permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA). An impermeable liner installed 0.4 m below the driving surface in four 11.6-m by 4.74-m sections per each pavement type captures all infiltrating water and routes it to collection tanks that can contain events up to 38 mm. Each section has a design impervious area to permeable pavement area ratio of 0.66:1. Pressure transducers installed in the underdrain collection tanks measured water level for 24 months. Level was converted to volume using depth-to-volume ratios for individual collection tanks. Using a water balance approach, the measured infiltrate volume was compared to rainfall volume on an event-basis to determine the rainfall retained in the pavement strata and underlying aggregate. Evaporation since the previous event created additional storage in the pavement and aggregate layers. Events were divided into three groups based on antecedent dry period (ADP) and three, four-month categories of potential e

Water Quality Performance of Three Side-by-Side Permeable Pavement Surface Materials: Three Year Update

EPA Science Inventory

Communities are increasingly installing structural low impact development (LID) practices to mange stormwater and reduce pollutant loads associated with stormwater runoff. Permeable pavement is a LID practice that has limited research on working-scale, side-by-side performance o...

Materials and Procedures for Sealing and Filling Cracks in Asphalt-Surfaced Pavements : Manual of Practice (Update)

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-06-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) H-106 maintenance experiment and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites project studied the treatment (sealing and filling) of cr...

Assessment of highway pavements using GPR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plati, Christina; Loizos, Andreas

2015-04-01

Highway infrastructure is a prerequisite for a functioning economy and social life. Highways, often prone to congestion and disruption, are one of the aspects of a modern transport network that require maximum efficiency if an integrated transport network, and sustainable mobility, is to be achieved. Assessing the condition of highway structures, to plan subsequent maintenance, is essential to allow the long-term functioning of a road network. Optimizing the methods used for such assessment will lead to better information being obtained about the road and underlying ground conditions. The condition of highway structures will be affected by a number of factors, including the properties of the highway pavement, the supporting sub-base and the subgrade (natural ground), and the ability to obtain good information about the entire road structure, from pavement to subgrade, allows appropriate maintenance programs to be planned. The maintenance of highway pavements causes considerable cost and in many cases obstruction to traffic flow. In this situation, methods that provide information on the present condition of pavement structure non-destructively and economically are of great interest. It has been shown that Ground-Penetrating-Radar (GPR), which is a Non Destructive Technique (NDT), can deliver information that is useful for the planning of pavement maintenance activities. More specifically GPR is used by pavement engineers in order to determine physical properties and characteristics of the pavement structure, information that is valuable for the assessment of pavement condition. This work gives an overview on the practical application of GPR using examples from highway asphalt pavements monitoring. The presented individual applications of GPR pavement diagnostics concern structure homogeneity, thickness of pavement layers, dielectric properties of asphalt materials etc. It is worthwhile mentioning that a number of applications are standard procedures, either

Pavement temperature and burns: streets of fire.

PubMed

Harrington, W Z; Strohschein, B L; Reedy, D; Harrington, J E; Schiller, W R

1995-11-01

To measure pavement temperatures over a 24-hour period to determine when patients are at risk for burns and to report cases of pavement burns with predisposing factors. Descriptive study of pavement temperatures and retrospective case series of 23 patients with pavement burns admitted to the Maricopa Medical Center during the years 1986 to 1992. Twenty-three patients with pavement burns serious enough for them to be admitted to the burn center. We measured the temperatures of asphalt, cement, and other outdoor materials hourly for one 24-hour period using a thermocouple thermometer. Asphalt pavement was hot enough to cause burns from 9 AM to 7 PM during the summer months. It was hot enough to cause a second-degree burn within 35 seconds from 10 AM to 5 PM. The group of burned patients could be divided into three categories: incapacitated, restrained, and sensory deficient. All burns involved less than 13% of the total body surface area. During summer days in the desert, pavement is often hot enough to cause burns and does so with regularity in the southwestern United States. No one should be allowed to remain in contact with hot pavement, even transiently.

Pavement Recycling Guidelines for State and Local Governments: Participant's Reference Book

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-03-01

Recycling or reuse of existing asphalt pavement materials to produce new pavement materials has the following advantages: (a) reduce costs of construction, (b) conservation of aggregate and binder, (c) preservation of the existing pavement geometrics...

Performance of Cracked and Seated Rigid Airport Pavements.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-04-01

situ properties of the cracked PCC material and of the uncracked PCC. Additionally, a visual condition survey of the pavements under investigation was...the overall pavement evaluation effort. Results of the NDT testing program were used to determine the in-situ properties of the cracked PCC material ...combined with the NDT deflection basin slopes, led to the conclusion that the cracked and seated PCC layer is behaving as a semi-rigid material . 45 OVERLAY

Geotextiles in Flexible Pavement Construction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alungbe, Gabriel D.

2004-01-01

People everywhere in the developed world regularly drive on paved roads. Learning about the construction techniques and materials used in paving benefits technology and construction students. This article discusses the use of geosynthetic textiles in pavement construction. It presents background on pavements and describes geotextiles and drainage…

Materials and Procedures for Rapid Repair of Partial-Depth Spalls in Concrete Pavements : Manual of Practice (Update)

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-12-01

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) H-106 maintenance experiment and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) of Pavement Maintenance Materials Test Sites project studied the repair of partial depth spalls in con...

Potential applicability of stress wave velocity method on pavement base materials as a non-destructive testing technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mahedi, Masrur

Aggregates derived from natural sources have been used traditionally as the pavement base materials. But in recent times, the extraction of these natural aggregates has become more labor intensive and costly due to resource depletion and environmental concerns. Thus, the uses of recycled aggregates as the supplementary of natural aggregates are increasing considerably in pavement construction. Use of recycled aggregates such as recycled crushed concrete (RCA) and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) reduces the rate of natural resource depletion, construction debris and cost. Although recycled aggregates could be used as a viable alternative of conventional base materials, strength characteristics and product variability limit their utility to a great extent. Hence, their applicability is needed to be evaluated extensively based on strength, stiffness and cost factors. But for extensive evaluation, traditionally practiced test methods are proven to be unreasonable in terms of time, cost, reliability and applicability. On the other hand, rapid non-destructive methods have the potential to be less time consuming and inexpensive along with the low variability of test results; therefore improving the reliability of estimated performance of the pavement. In this research work, the experimental program was designed to assess the potential application of stress wave velocity method as a non-destructive test in evaluating recycled base materials. Different combinations of cement treated recycled concrete aggregate (RAP) and recycled crushed concrete (RCA) were used to evaluate the applicability of stress wave velocity method. It was found that, stress wave velocity method is excellent in characterizing the strength and stiffness properties of cement treated base materials. Statistical models, based on P-wave velocity were derived for predicting the modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of different combinations of cement treated RAP, Grade-1 and Grade-2 materials. Two

On-board sound intensity tire-pavement noise study in North Carolina.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

"This research investigated tire-pavement noise on various types of pavements across North Carolina by using On- : Board Sound Intensity (OBSI) method. To mitigate traffic noise, quieter pavement may provide advantages that : noise barriers cannot. T...

Optical microtopographic inspection of asphalt pavement surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Costa, Manuel F. M.; Freitas, E. F.; Torres, H.; Cerezo, V.

2017-08-01

Microtopographic and rugometric characterization of surfaces is routinely and effectively performed non-invasively by a number of different optical methods. Rough surfaces are also inspected using optical profilometers and microtopographer. The characterization of road asphalt pavement surfaces produced in different ways and compositions is fundamental for economical and safety reasons. Having complex structures, including topographically with different ranges of form error and roughness, the inspection of asphalt pavement surfaces is difficult to perform non-invasively. In this communication we will report on the optical non-contact rugometric characterization of the surface of different types of road pavements performed at the Microtopography Laboratory of the Physics Department of the University of Minho.

Improved guidance for users of the 1993 AASHTO flexible pavement design procedures : LTPP TechBrief

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-08-01

A key design challenge faced by engineers using the 1993 AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures (AASHTO Guide) is the determination of appropriate design parameters for the subgrade and pavement materials. The Long-Term Pavement Performance (...

Importance of dowels in transversal joints in concrete pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grosek, Jiri; Chupik, Vladimir; Stryk, Josef; Brezina, Ilja

2017-09-01

Concrete pavements are designed for heavy loaded road structures. Their usage brings a number of specific issues. It is necessary to solve them all to ensure that concrete pavements will fulfil their function along the whole design period. One of these issues concerns dowels, which are located in transversal joints. Modelling of load, caused by heavy vehicles, with the use of the finite element method, provides valuable information about the stress condition of concrete pavement. The results of modelling can be verified by measurements or experiments in practice. Dowels and tie bars in jointed unreinforced concrete pavements and the importance of their correct placement, dimensions and material quality on pavement behaviour and lifespan were studied as a part of R&D projects of Technology Agency of the Czech Republic Nos. TA02031195 and TE01020168. The paper presents the experience from the modelling and performed experiments and makes conclusions which are important for the use in practice.

Asphalt in Pavement Maintenance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Asphalt Inst., College Park, MD.

Maintenance methods that can be used equally well in all regions of the country have been developed for the use of asphalt in pavement maintenance. Specific information covering methods, equipment and terminology that applies to the use of asphalt in the maintenance of all types of pavement structures, including shoulders, is provided. In many…

Mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide calibration for pavement rehabilitation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-01-01

The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) is in the process of implementing the recently introduced AASHTO : Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for new pavement sections. The majority of pavement work : conducted by ODOT involve...

Pervious Pavement System Evaluation-Paper

EPA Science Inventory

The use of a pervious pavement can be effective as a low impact development stormwater control. The Urban Watershed Management Branch is evaluating interlocking concrete paver systems as a type of porous pavement. Although the pavers are impermeable, the spaces between the pave...

Historical performance evaluation of Iowa pavement treatments using data analytics : tech transfer summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-01-01

Evaluate the performance of the most-used pavement treatments in Iowa by considering different parameters such as type of treatment, treatment thickness, traffic, and pavement type : Estimate a service life for each treatment based on the obs...

Comparison of winter temperature profiles in asphalt and concrete pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-06-01

The objectives of this research were to 1) determine which pavement type, asphalt or concrete, has : higher surface temperatures in winter and 2) compare the subsurface temperatures under asphalt and : concrete pavements to determine the pavement typ...

How to reduce tire-pavement noise : better practices for constructing and texturing concrete pavement surfaces.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-01

Concrete pavements can be designed and constructed to be as quiet as any other conventional pavement type in use today. This report provides an overview of how this can be doneand done consistently. In order to construct a quieter concrete pavemen...

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Asphalt Pavement Construction: A Case Study in China.

PubMed

Ma, Feng; Sha, Aimin; Lin, Ruiyu; Huang, Yue; Wang, Chao

2016-03-22

In China, the construction of asphalt pavement has a significant impact on the environment, and energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from asphalt pavement construction have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. At present, there is no universal criterion for the evaluation of GHG emissions in asphalt pavement construction. This paper proposes to define the system boundaries for GHG emissions from asphalt pavement by using a process-based life cycle assessment method. A method for evaluating GHG emissions from asphalt pavement construction is suggested. The paper reports a case study of GHG emissions from a typical asphalt pavement construction project in China. The results show that the greenhouse gas emissions from the mixture mixing phase are the highest, and account for about 54% of the total amount. The second highest GHG emission phase is the production of raw materials. For GHG emissions of cement stabilized base/subbase, the production of raw materials emits the most, about 98%. The GHG emission for cement production alone is about 92%. The results indicate that any measures to reduce GHG emissions from asphalt pavement construction should be focused on the raw materials manufacturing stage. If the raw materials production phase is excluded, the measures to reduce GHG emissions should be aimed at the mixture mixing phase.

Mobile geographic information system solution for pavement condition surveys [summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-01

The State Materials Office (SMO) of the Florida : Department of Transportation (FDOT) performs : annual Pavement Condition Surveys (PCS) of : the Departments extensive pavement network. : This work is performed by single-person crews in : inertial...

Development of Pavement Performance Prediction Models for Preservation Treatments : Volume 2

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-04-01

The implementation of a pavement preservation program was initiated in Fiscal Year (FY) 2005 at the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) by appropriating funding for four specific pavement preservation treatments. The types of treatments incl...

Environmental assessment of pavement infrastructure: A systematic review.

PubMed

Inyim, Peeraya; Pereyra, Jose; Bienvenu, Michael; Mostafavi, Ali

2016-07-01

Through a critical review and systematic analysis of pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) studies published over the past two decades, this study shows that the available information regarding the environmental impacts of pavement infrastructure is not sufficient to determine what pavement type is more environmentally sustainable. Limitations and uncertainties related to data, system boundary and functional unit definitions, consideration of use and maintenance phase impacts, are identified as the main reasons for inconsistency of reported results in pavement LCA studies. The study outcomes also highlight the need for advancement of knowledge pertaining to: (1) utilization of performance-adjusted functional units, (2) accurate estimation of use, maintenance, and end-of-life impacts, (3) incorporation of the dynamic and uncertain nature of pavement condition performance in impact assessment; (4) development of region-specific inventory data for impact estimation; and (5) consideration of a standard set of impact categories for comparison of environmental performance of different pavement types. Advancing the knowledge in these areas is critical in providing consistent and reliable results to inform decision-making toward more sustainable roadway infrastructure. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix A, part 1.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix A, part 3.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Evaluation of concrete pavements with materials-related distress : appendix A, part 2.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-02

An evaluation of cores sampled from six concrete pavements was performed. Factors contributing to pavement distress observed in the field were determined, including expansive alkali-silica reactivity and freeze-thaw deterioration related to poor entr...

Assessment of technical condition of concrete pavement by the example of district road

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Linek, M.; Nita, P.; Żebrowski, W.; Wolka, P.

2018-05-01

The article presents the comprehensive assessment of concrete pavement condition. Analyses included the district road located in the swietokrzyskie province, used for 11 years. Comparative analyses were conducted twice. The first analysis was carried out after 9 years of pavement operation, in 2015. In order to assess the extent of pavement degradation, the tests were repeated in 2017. Within the scope of field research, the traffic intensity within the analysed road section was determined. Visual assessment of pavement condition was conducted, according to the guidelines included in SOSN-B. Visual assessment can be extended by ground-penetrating radar measurements which allow to provide comprehensive assessment of the occurred structure changes within its entire thickness and length. The assessment included also performance parameters, i.e. pavement regularity, surface roughness and texture. Extension of test results by the assessment of changes in internal structure of concrete composite and structure observations by means of Scanning Electron Microscope allow for the assessment of parameters of internal structure of hardened concrete. Supplementing the observations of internal structure by means of computed tomography scan provides comprehensive information of possible discontinuities and composite structure. According to the analysis of the obtained results, conclusions concerning the analysed pavement condition were reached. It was determined that the pavement is distinguished by high performance parameters, its condition is good and it does not require any repairs. Maintenance treatment was suggested in order to extend the period of proper operation of the analysed pavement.

Study on road surface source pollution controlled by permeable pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Chaocheng

2018-06-01

The increase of impermeable pavement in urban construction not only increases the runoff of the pavement, but also produces a large number of Non-Point Source Pollution. In the process of controlling road surface runoff by permeable pavement, a large number of particulate matter will be withheld when rainwater is being infiltrated, so as to control the source pollution at the source. In this experiment, we determined the effect of permeable road surface to remove heavy pollutants in the laboratory and discussed the related factors that affect the non-point pollution of permeable pavement, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of permeable pavement.

Statistical classification of road pavements using near field vehicle rolling noise measurements.

PubMed

Paulo, Joel Preto; Coelho, J L Bento; Figueiredo, Mário A T

2010-10-01

Low noise surfaces have been increasingly considered as a viable and cost-effective alternative to acoustical barriers. However, road planners and administrators frequently lack information on the correlation between the type of road surface and the resulting noise emission profile. To address this problem, a method to identify and classify different types of road pavements was developed, whereby near field road noise is analyzed using statistical learning methods. The vehicle rolling sound signal near the tires and close to the road surface was acquired by two microphones in a special arrangement which implements the Close-Proximity method. A set of features, characterizing the properties of the road pavement, was extracted from the corresponding sound profiles. A feature selection method was used to automatically select those that are most relevant in predicting the type of pavement, while reducing the computational cost. A set of different types of road pavement segments were tested and the performance of the classifier was evaluated. Results of pavement classification performed during a road journey are presented on a map, together with geographical data. This procedure leads to a considerable improvement in the quality of road pavement noise data, thereby increasing the accuracy of road traffic noise prediction models.

Pavement sound absorption measurements in the U.S.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-19

In the U.S., the topic of pavement sound absorption in regard to tire-pavement noise has shown increased interest and research over the last several years. Four types of pavement sound absorption measurements with various applications are discussed: ...

Characterization of unbound materials (soils/aggregates) for mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-02-01

The resilient modulus (MR) input parameters in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) program have a significant effect on the projected pavement performance. The MEPDG program uses three different levels of inputs depending on the d...

Experimental pavement delineation treatments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bryden, J. E.; Lorini, R. A.

1981-06-01

Visibility and durability of materials used to delineate shoulders and medians adjacent to asphalt pavements were evaluated. Materials evaluated were polysulfide and coal tar epoxies, one and two component polyesters, portland cement, acrylic paints, modified-alkyd traffic paint, preformed plastic tape, and thermoplastic markings. Neat applications, sand mortars, and surface treatments were installed in several geometric patterns including cross hatches, solid median treatments, and various widths of edge lines. Thermoplastic pavement markings generally performed very well, providing good visibility under adverse viewing conditions for at least 4 years. Thermoplastic 4 in. wide edge lines appear to provide adequate visibility for most conditions.

Recycled Portland cement concrete pavements : Part II, state-of-the art summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-01-01

This report constitutes a review of the literature concerning recycling of portland cement concrete pavements by crushing the old pavement and reusing the crushed material as aggregate in a number of applications. A summary of the major projects cond...

Recyclability of Concrete Pavement Incorporating High Volume of Fly Ash.

PubMed

Yoshitake, Isamu; Ishida, Takeo; Fukumoto, Sunao

2015-08-21

Recyclable concrete pavement was made from fly ash and crushed limestone sand and gravel as aggregates so that the concrete pavement could be recycled to raw materials for cement production. With the aim to use as much fly ash as possible for the sustainable development of society, while achieving adequate strength development, pavement concrete having a cement-replacement ratio of 40% by mass was experimentally investigated, focusing on the strength development at an early age. Limestone powder was added to improve the early strength; flexural strength at two days reached 3.5 MPa, the minimum strength for traffic service in Japan. The matured fly ash concrete made with a cement content of 200 kg/m3 achieved a flexural strength almost equal to that of the control concrete without fly ash. Additionally, Portland cement made from the tested fly ash concrete was tested to confirm recyclability, with the cement quality meeting the Japanese classification of ordinary Portland cement. Limestone-based recyclable fly ash concrete pavement is, thus, a preferred material in terms of sustainability.

Recyclability of Concrete Pavement Incorporating High Volume of Fly Ash

PubMed Central

Yoshitake, Isamu; Ishida, Takeo; Fukumoto, Sunao

2015-01-01

Recyclable concrete pavement was made from fly ash and crushed limestone sand and gravel as aggregates so that the concrete pavement could be recycled to raw materials for cement production. With the aim to use as much fly ash as possible for the sustainable development of society, while achieving adequate strength development, pavement concrete having a cement-replacement ratio of 40% by mass was experimentally investigated, focusing on the strength development at an early age. Limestone powder was added to improve the early strength; flexural strength at two days reached 3.5 MPa, the minimum strength for traffic service in Japan. The matured fly ash concrete made with a cement content of 200 kg/m3 achieved a flexural strength almost equal to that of the control concrete without fly ash. Additionally, Portland cement made from the tested fly ash concrete was tested to confirm recyclability, with the cement quality meeting the Japanese classification of ordinary Portland cement. Limestone-based recyclable fly ash concrete pavement is, thus, a preferred material in terms of sustainability. PMID:28793518

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Asphalt Pavement Construction: A Case Study in China

PubMed Central

Ma, Feng; Sha, Aimin; Lin, Ruiyu; Huang, Yue; Wang, Chao

2016-01-01

In China, the construction of asphalt pavement has a significant impact on the environment, and energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from asphalt pavement construction have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. At present, there is no universal criterion for the evaluation of GHG emissions in asphalt pavement construction. This paper proposes to define the system boundaries for GHG emissions from asphalt pavement by using a process-based life cycle assessment method. A method for evaluating GHG emissions from asphalt pavement construction is suggested. The paper reports a case study of GHG emissions from a typical asphalt pavement construction project in China. The results show that the greenhouse gas emissions from the mixture mixing phase are the highest, and account for about 54% of the total amount. The second highest GHG emission phase is the production of raw materials. For GHG emissions of cement stabilized base/subbase, the production of raw materials emits the most, about 98%. The GHG emission for cement production alone is about 92%. The results indicate that any measures to reduce GHG emissions from asphalt pavement construction should be focused on the raw materials manufacturing stage. If the raw materials production phase is excluded, the measures to reduce GHG emissions should be aimed at the mixture mixing phase. PMID:27011196

The Concrete and Pavement Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roman, Harry T.

2012-01-01

The modern world is characterized by the extensive use of concrete and asphalt pavement. Periodically, these materials are replaced and the old materials disposed of. In this challenge, students will be asked to develop ways to reuse the old materials. It is important for students to understand how concrete and asphalt are made and applied, as…

A Knowledge-Base for Rehabilitation of Airfield Concrete Pavements

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

pavement engineer is located at a Major Command which oversees the operation of several Air Force bases. The five largest commands are the Strategic Air... Strategic Air Command (SAC) pavement engineer at Offutt AFB, NE 1980 - 1982: COE Materials & Concrete Division (MRD) Laboratory engineer 1976 - 1980...LaFrenz TITLE OR POSITION: Strategic Air Command Pavement Engineer PHONE: MAIL ADDRESS: HQ SAC/DEM Offutt AFB, NE YEARS IN CURRENT ASSIGNMENT: 2 EXPERIENCE

Laboratory fatigue evaluation of continuously fiber-reinforced concrete pavement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

Portland cement concrete (PCC) is the worlds most versatile construction material. PCC has : been in use in the United States for over 100 years. PCC pavement is generally constructed as : either continually reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) or ...

Air Purification Pavement Surface Coating by Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Westergreen, Joe; Pedrow, Patrick; Shen, Shihui; Jobson, Bertram

2011-10-01

This study develops an atmospheric pressure cold plasma (APCP) reactor to produce activated radicals from precursor molecules, and to immobilize nano titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder to substrate pavement materials. TiO2 has photocatalytic properties and under UV light can be used to oxidize and remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the atmosphere. Although TiO2 treated paving materials have great potential to improve air quality, current techniques to adhere TiO2 to substrate materials are either not durable or reduce direct contact of TiO2 with UV light, reducing the photocatalytic effect. To solve this technical difficulty, this study introduces APCP techniques to transportation engineering to coat TiO2 to pavement. Preliminary results are promising and show that TiO2 can be incorporated successfully into an APCP environment and can be immobilized at the surface of the asphalt substrate. The TiO2 coated material with APCP shows the ability to reduce nitrogen oxides when exposed to UV light in an environmental chamber. The plasma reactor utilizes high voltage streamers as the plasma source.

Desert pavement study at Amboy, California

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, S.; Greeley, R.

1984-01-01

Desert pavement is a general term describing a surface that typically consists of a thin layer of cm-sized rock fragments set on top of a layer of finer material in which no fragments are found. An understanding of desert pavement is important to planetary geology because they may play a major role in the formation and visibility of various aeolian features such as wind streaks, which are important on Mars and may be important on Venus. A field study was conducted in Amboy, California to determine the formation mechanism of desert pavements. The probable sequence of events for the formation and evolution of a typical desert pavement surface, based on this experiment and the work of others, is as follows. Starting with a layer of surface material consisting of both fine particles and rock fragments, aeolian deflation will rapidly erode the surface until an armored lag is developed, after which aeolian processes become less important. The concentration of fragments then slowly increases as new fragments are brought to the surface from the subsurface and as fragments move downslope by sheet wash. Sheet wash would be responsible for removing very fine particles from the surface and for moving the fragments relative to one another, forming interlocks.

Arabidopsis FH1 Formin Affects Cotyledon Pavement Cell Shape by Modulating Cytoskeleton Dynamics.

PubMed

Rosero, Amparo; Oulehlová, Denisa; Stillerová, Lenka; Schiebertová, Petra; Grunt, Michal; Žárský, Viktor; Cvrčková, Fatima

2016-03-01

Plant cell morphogenesis involves concerted rearrangements of microtubules and actin microfilaments. We previously reported that FH1, the main Arabidopsis thaliana housekeeping Class I membrane-anchored formin, contributes to actin dynamics and microtubule stability in rhizodermis cells. Here we examine the effects of mutations affecting FH1 (At3g25500) on cell morphogenesis and above-ground organ development in seedlings, as well as on cytoskeletal organization and dynamics, using a combination of confocal and variable angle epifluorescence microscopy with a pharmacological approach. Homozygous fh1 mutants exhibited cotyledon epinasty and had larger cotyledon pavement cells with more pronounced lobes than the wild type. The pavement cell shape alterations were enhanced by expression of the fluorescent microtubule marker GFP-microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4). Mutant cotyledon pavement cells exhibited reduced density and increased stability of microfilament bundles, as well as enhanced dynamics of microtubules. Analogous results were also obtained upon treatments with the formin inhibitor SMIFH2 (small molecule inhibitor of formin homology 2 domains). Pavement cell shape in wild-type (wt) and fh1 plants in some situations exhibited a differential response towards anti-cytoskeletal drugs, especially the microtubule disruptor oryzalin. Our observations indicate that FH1 participates in the control of microtubule dynamics, possibly via its effects on actin, subsequently influencing cell morphogenesis and macroscopic organ development. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Experimental studies of the dilution of vehicle exhaust pollutants by environment-protecting pervious pavement.

PubMed

Liu, Chung-Ming; Chen, Jui-Wen; Tsai, Jen-Hui; Lin, Wei-Shian; Yen, M-T; Chen, Ting-Hao

2012-01-01

This study determines whether environment-protecting pervious pavement can dilute pollutants immediately after emissions from vehicle. The turbulence-driven dry-deposition process is too slow to be considered in this aspect. The pavement used is the JW pavement (according to its inventors name), a high-load-bearing water-permeable pavement with patents in over 100 countries, which has already been used for more than 8 years in Taiwan and is well suited to replacing conventional road pavement, making the potential implementation of the study results feasible. The design of this study included two sets of experiments. Variation of the air pollutant concentrations within a fenced area over the JW pavement with one vehicle discharging emissions into was monitored and compared with results over a non-JW pavement. The ambient wind speed was low during the first experiment, and the results obtained were highly credible. It was found that the JW pavement diluted vehicle pollutant emissions near the ground surface by 40%-87% within 5 min of emission; whereas the data at 2 m height suggested that about 58%-97% of pollutants were trapped underneath the pavement 20 min after emission. Those quantitative estimations may be off by +/- 10%, if errors in emissions and measurements were considered. SO2 and CO2 underwent the most significant reduction. Very likely, pollutants were forced to move underneath due to the special design of the pavement. During the second experiment, ambient wind speeds were high and the results obtained had less credibility, but they did not disprove the pollutant dilution capacity of the JW pavement. In order to track the fate of pollutants, parts of the pavement were removed to reveal a micro version of wetland underneath, which could possibly hold the responsibility of absorbing and decomposing pollutants to forms harmless to the environment and human health.

Investigation of image archiving for pavement surface distress survey

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-07-26

The categorization and quantification of the type, severity, and extent of pavement surface distress is a primary method for assessing pavement condition. The current data collection system in the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department ...

Pavement type and wear condition classification from tire cavity acoustic measurements with artificial neural networks.

PubMed

Masino, Johannes; Foitzik, Michael-Jan; Frey, Michael; Gauterin, Frank

2017-06-01

Tire road noise is the major contributor to traffic noise, which leads to general annoyance, speech interference, and sleep disturbances. Standardized methods to measure tire road noise are expensive, sophisticated to use, and they cannot be applied comprehensively. This paper presents a method to automatically classify different types of pavement and the wear condition to identify noisy road surfaces. The methods are based on spectra of time series data of the tire cavity sound, acquired under normal vehicle operation. The classifier, an artificial neural network, correctly predicts three pavement types, whereas there are few bidirectional mis-classifications for two pavements, which have similar physical characteristics. The performance measures of the classifier to predict a new or worn out condition are over 94.6%. One could create a digital map with the output of the presented method. On the basis of these digital maps, road segments with a strong impact on tire road noise could be automatically identified. Furthermore, the method can estimate the road macro-texture, which has an impact on the tire road friction especially on wet conditions. Overall, this digital map would have a great benefit for civil engineering departments, road infrastructure operators, and for advanced driver assistance systems.

Neuromodulation of Nestmate Recognition Decisions by Pavement Ants.

PubMed

Bubak, Andrew N; Yaeger, Jazmine D W; Renner, Kenneth J; Swallow, John G; Greene, Michael J

2016-01-01

Ant colonies are distributed systems that are regulated in a non-hierarchical manner. Without a central authority, individuals inform their decisions by comparing information in local cues to a set of inherent behavioral rules. Individual behavioral decisions collectively change colony behavior and lead to self-organization capable of solving complex problems such as the decision to engage in aggressive societal conflicts with neighbors. Despite the relevance to colony fitness, the mechanisms that drive individual decisions leading to cooperative behavior are not well understood. Here we show how sensory information, both tactile and chemical, and social context-isolation, nestmate interaction, or fighting non-nestmates-affects brain monoamine levels in pavement ants (Tetramorium caespitum). Our results provide evidence that changes in octopamine and serotonin in the brains of individuals are sufficient to alter the decision by pavement ants to be aggressive towards non-nestmate ants whereas increased brain levels of dopamine correlate to physical fighting. We propose a model in which the changes in brain states of many workers collectively lead to the self-organization of societal aggression between neighboring colonies of pavement ants.

78 FR 26847 - Including Specific Pavement Types in Federal-aid Highway Traffic Noise Analyses

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-08

... traffic noise analyses. Current highway traffic noise analyses rely on data from three pavement types: dense-graded asphaltic concrete (DGAC), open-graded asphaltic concrete (OGAC), and Portland cement... noise analyses provide data for decisionmakers to make informed decisions on project alternatives and...

Pavement marking demonstration projects : state of Alaska and state of Tennessee.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

This project evaluates the safety impacts, environmental impacts, and cost effectiveness of different pavement marking : systems as well as the effect of State bidding and procurement processes on the quality of pavement marking material : employed i...

Use of precast slabs for pavement rehabilitation on I-66.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-06-01

Highway agencies continuously strive to expedite pavement construction and repairs and to evaluate materials and : methods to provide long-lasting pavements. As part of this effort, agencies have used precast concrete slabs for more than 10 : years w...

Preliminary In-Situ Evaluation of an Innovative, Semi-Flexible Pavement Wearing Course Mixture Using Fast Falling Weight Deflectometer.

PubMed

Pratelli, Chiara; Betti, Giacomo; Giuffrè, Tullio; Marradi, Alessandro

2018-04-16

In the last forty, years semi-flexible pavements have been successfully employed, especially in those areas subjected to heavy and slow-moving loads. They usually comprise a wearing course of Grouted Macadam, a composite pavement material that provides significant advantages in comparison to both concrete and asphalt pavements. On the other hand, the laying process of this material is a two-stage operation, and the realization complexity leads to long realization times and high initial costs. Therefore, the use of semi-flexible pavements has been limited to some fields of application and areas. Recently, an innovative material has been developed to be used as an alternative to Grouted Macadam for semi-flexible pavement wearing course realization. This material should provide similar or even superior characteristics compared to traditional Grouted Macadam. This will reduce semi-flexible pavement construction time and avoid the need for dividing the laying process. This paper presents an experimental program involving the use of FastFWD, as an APT device, to evaluate in-situ properties and performance of this material. The achieved results regarding the validation of this new material by means of FastFWD appear promising both in terms of the material's properties and resistance to dynamic load repetitions.

Exploration of Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Pavement Performance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2018-03-23

Machine learning (ML) techniques were used to model and predict pavement condition index (PCI) for various pavement types using a variety of input variables. The primary objective of this research was to develop and assess PCI predictive models for t...

Usage of digital image correlation in assessment of behavior of block element pavement structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grygierek, M.; Grzesik, B.; Rokitowski, P.; Rusin, T.

2018-05-01

In diagnostics of existing road pavement structures deflection measurements have fundamental meaning, because of ability to assess present stiffness (bearing capacity) of whole layered construction. During test loading the reaction of pavement structure to applied load is measured in central point or in a few points located along a straight on a 1.5 ÷ 1.8 m distance (i.e. Falling Weight Deflectometer) in similar spacing equal to 20 ÷ 30 cm. Typical measuring techniques are productive and precise enough for most common pavement structures such as flexible, semi-rigid and rigid. It should be noted that in experimental research as well as in pavements in complex stress state, measurement techniques allowing observation of pavement deformation in 3D would have been very helpful. A great example of that type of pavements is a block element pavement structure consisting of i.e. paving blocks or stone slabs. Due to high stiffness and confined ability of cooperation of surrounding block elements, in that type of pavements fatigue life is strongly connected with displacement distribution. Unfortunately, typical deflection measurement methods forefend displacement observations and rotation of single block elements like paving blocks or slabs. Another difficult problem is to carry out unmistakable analysis of cooperation between neighboring elements. For more precise observations of displacements state of block element pavements under a wheel load a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used. Application of this method for assessment of behavior of stone slabs pavement under a traffic load enabled the monitoring of deformations distribution and encouraged to formulate conclusions about the initiation mechanism and development of damages in this type of pavement structures. Results shown in this article were obtained in field tests executed on an exploited pavement structure with a surface course made of granite slabs with dimensions 0.5x1.0x0.14 m.

Monitoring and modeling of pavement response and performance : executive summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

Objective: : Over the years, the Ohio Department of Transportation has : constructed several pavements with a range of designs and : materials to study and improve overall statewide : performance. These pavements require constant monitoring : to dete...

Inclusion of LCCA in Alaska flexible pavement design software manual.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

Life cycle cost analysis is a key part for selecting materials and techniques that optimize the service life of a pavement in terms of cost and performance. While the Alaska : Flexible Pavement Design software has been in use since 2004, there is no ...

Adaptive road crack detection system by pavement classification.

PubMed

Gavilán, Miguel; Balcones, David; Marcos, Oscar; Llorca, David F; Sotelo, Miguel A; Parra, Ignacio; Ocaña, Manuel; Aliseda, Pedro; Yarza, Pedro; Amírola, Alejandro

2011-01-01

This paper presents a road distress detection system involving the phases needed to properly deal with fully automatic road distress assessment. A vehicle equipped with line scan cameras, laser illumination and acquisition HW-SW is used to storage the digital images that will be further processed to identify road cracks. Pre-processing is firstly carried out to both smooth the texture and enhance the linear features. Non-crack features detection is then applied to mask areas of the images with joints, sealed cracks and white painting, that usually generate false positive cracking. A seed-based approach is proposed to deal with road crack detection, combining Multiple Directional Non-Minimum Suppression (MDNMS) with a symmetry check. Seeds are linked by computing the paths with the lowest cost that meet the symmetry restrictions. The whole detection process involves the use of several parameters. A correct setting becomes essential to get optimal results without manual intervention. A fully automatic approach by means of a linear SVM-based classifier ensemble able to distinguish between up to 10 different types of pavement that appear in the Spanish roads is proposed. The optimal feature vector includes different texture-based features. The parameters are then tuned depending on the output provided by the classifier. Regarding non-crack features detection, results show that the introduction of such module reduces the impact of false positives due to non-crack features up to a factor of 2. In addition, the observed performance of the crack detection system is significantly boosted by adapting the parameters to the type of pavement.

Adaptive Road Crack Detection System by Pavement Classification

PubMed Central

Gavilán, Miguel; Balcones, David; Marcos, Oscar; Llorca, David F.; Sotelo, Miguel A.; Parra, Ignacio; Ocaña, Manuel; Aliseda, Pedro; Yarza, Pedro; Amírola, Alejandro

2011-01-01

This paper presents a road distress detection system involving the phases needed to properly deal with fully automatic road distress assessment. A vehicle equipped with line scan cameras, laser illumination and acquisition HW-SW is used to storage the digital images that will be further processed to identify road cracks. Pre-processing is firstly carried out to both smooth the texture and enhance the linear features. Non-crack features detection is then applied to mask areas of the images with joints, sealed cracks and white painting, that usually generate false positive cracking. A seed-based approach is proposed to deal with road crack detection, combining Multiple Directional Non-Minimum Suppression (MDNMS) with a symmetry check. Seeds are linked by computing the paths with the lowest cost that meet the symmetry restrictions. The whole detection process involves the use of several parameters. A correct setting becomes essential to get optimal results without manual intervention. A fully automatic approach by means of a linear SVM-based classifier ensemble able to distinguish between up to 10 different types of pavement that appear in the Spanish roads is proposed. The optimal feature vector includes different texture-based features. The parameters are then tuned depending on the output provided by the classifier. Regarding non-crack features detection, results show that the introduction of such module reduces the impact of false positives due to non-crack features up to a factor of 2. In addition, the observed performance of the crack detection system is significantly boosted by adapting the parameters to the type of pavement. PMID:22163717

Preliminary In-Situ Evaluation of an Innovative, Semi-Flexible Pavement Wearing Course Mixture Using Fast Falling Weight Deflectometer

PubMed Central

Pratelli, Chiara; Betti, Giacomo; Marradi, Alessandro

2018-01-01

In the last forty, years semi-flexible pavements have been successfully employed, especially in those areas subjected to heavy and slow-moving loads. They usually comprise a wearing course of Grouted Macadam, a composite pavement material that provides significant advantages in comparison to both concrete and asphalt pavements. On the other hand, the laying process of this material is a two-stage operation, and the realization complexity leads to long realization times and high initial costs. Therefore, the use of semi-flexible pavements has been limited to some fields of application and areas. Recently, an innovative material has been developed to be used as an alternative to Grouted Macadam for semi-flexible pavement wearing course realization. This material should provide similar or even superior characteristics compared to traditional Grouted Macadam. This will reduce semi-flexible pavement construction time and avoid the need for dividing the laying process. This paper presents an experimental program involving the use of FastFWD, as an APT device, to evaluate in-situ properties and performance of this material. The achieved results regarding the validation of this new material by means of FastFWD appear promising both in terms of the material’s properties and resistance to dynamic load repetitions. PMID:29659543

Performance of a porous pavement system on the Maine Mall Road in South Portland.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

Porous pavements have been successfully used by developers since the mid-70s as a means to make : traditional impervious facilities, such as parking lots, handle storm water in a more environmentally : friendly way. Traditional pavement materials ...

Impact of design features on pavement response and performance in rehabilitated flexible and rigid pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-10-01

The primary focus of this research was to determine the effects of design and construction features, such as overlay : thickness and mix type, presence of milling, and type of restoration, on pavement response and performance and to : establish their...

Neuromodulation of Nestmate Recognition Decisions by Pavement Ants

PubMed Central

Bubak, Andrew N.; Yaeger, Jazmine D. W.; Renner, Kenneth J.; Swallow, John G.; Greene, Michael J.

2016-01-01

Ant colonies are distributed systems that are regulated in a non-hierarchical manner. Without a central authority, individuals inform their decisions by comparing information in local cues to a set of inherent behavioral rules. Individual behavioral decisions collectively change colony behavior and lead to self-organization capable of solving complex problems such as the decision to engage in aggressive societal conflicts with neighbors. Despite the relevance to colony fitness, the mechanisms that drive individual decisions leading to cooperative behavior are not well understood. Here we show how sensory information, both tactile and chemical, and social context—isolation, nestmate interaction, or fighting non-nestmates—affects brain monoamine levels in pavement ants (Tetramorium caespitum). Our results provide evidence that changes in octopamine and serotonin in the brains of individuals are sufficient to alter the decision by pavement ants to be aggressive towards non-nestmate ants whereas increased brain levels of dopamine correlate to physical fighting. We propose a model in which the changes in brain states of many workers collectively lead to the self-organization of societal aggression between neighboring colonies of pavement ants. PMID:27846261

Asphalt pavement surfaces and asphalt mixtures. Transportation research record

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-12-31

The papers in this volume, which deal with asphalt pavement surfaces and asphalt mixtures, should be of interest to state and local construction, design, materials, and research engineers as well as contractors and material producers. The papers in Part 1 include discussions of pavement smoothness specifications and skidding characteristics. The first four papers in Part 2 were submitted in response to a call for papers for a session at the 75th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board on low-temperature properties of hot-mix asphalt. The next eight are on the influence of volumetric and strength properties on the performance ofmore » hot-mix asphalt. In the following three papers, the topics covered are the complex modulus of asphalt concrete, cold in-place asphalt recycling, and polymer modification of asphalt pavements in Ontario. The last two papers were presented in a session on relationship of materials characterization to accelerated pavement performance testing.« less

Nature based solutions to mitigate soil sealing in urban areas: Results from a 4-year study comparing permeable, porous, and impermeable pavements.

PubMed

Fini, A; Frangi, P; Mori, J; Donzelli, D; Ferrini, F

2017-07-01

Soil sealing is one of the most pervasive forms of soil degradation that follows urbanization and, despite innovative pavements (i.e. pervious) are being installed in urban areas to mitigate it, there is little research on the effects of pervious pavements on soil water and carbon cycle and on the physiology of urban trees. The aim of this 4-year experiment was to assess the effects of three pavements, differing in permeability to water and gases, on some soil physical parameters, and on growth and physiology of newly planted Celtis australis and Fraxinus ornus. Treatments were: 1) impermeable pavement (asphalt on concrete sub-base); 2) permeable pavement (pavers on crushed rock sub-base); 3) porous design (porous pavement on crushed rock sub-base); 4) control (unpaved soil, kept free of weed by chemical control). Soil (temperature, moisture, oxygen content and CO 2 efflux) and plant (above- and below-ground growth, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations) parameters were measured. All types of pavements altered the water cycle compared to unpaved soil plots, but this disturbance was less intense in porous pavements than in other soil cover types. Porous pavements allowed both higher infiltration and evaporation of water than both pavers and asphalt. Reduction of evaporative cooling from soil paved with permeable and impermeable pavements contributed to significant soil warming: at 20cm depth, soils under concrete pavers and asphalt were 4 and 5°C warmer than soil covered by porous pavements and unpaved soils, respectively. Thus, enhancing evaporation from paved soil by the use of porous pavements may contribute to mitigating urban heat islands. CO 2 greatly accumulated under impermeable and permeable pavements, but not under porous pavements, which showed CO 2 efflux rates similar to control. Soil oxygen slightly decreased only beneath asphalt. Growth of newly planted C. australis and F. ornus was little affected by pavement type. Tree

MDOT innovation leading to faster, longer-lasting pavement repairs : research spotlight.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

Current methods of patching pavement must evolve to meet increasing mobility demands. : To address this need, MDOT has been testing a new generation of rapid set full-depth : pavement repair materials. Initial results are promising. The new materials...

Using recycled concrete as aggregate in concrete pavements to reduce materials cost.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-01

The main objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of using aggregate produced from crushed concrete pavement as a replacement for natural (virgin) coarse aggregate in pavement mixtures. A total of ten different concrete mixtures containi...

Monitoring and modeling of pavement response and performance : task A, Ohio.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

Over the years, the Ohio Department of Transportation has constructed several pavements with a range of : designs and materials to study and improve overall statewide performance. These pavements require constant : monitoring to determine how they pe...

Pavement marking restriping strategy for ODOT district 11.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

This study was initiated by ODOT to evaluate the performance of four : pavement marking materials (fast dry traffic paint, polyester, extruded : thermoplastic and epoxy) in order to determine which materials are most : suitable for the environmental ...

Performance and cost effectiveness of permeable friction course (PFC) pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-02-01

In this project, the research team evaluated the performance of Permeable Friction Courses (PFC) over time and compared it against other types of wearing surface pavement layers. Several pavement sections including Asphalt Rubber (AR) PFCs, Performan...

Effect of drainage in unbound aggregate bases on flexible pavement performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-05-01

It has been well demonstrated that a positive subsurface drainage is beneficial in enhancing pavement performance and thus extending pavement service life. Typical permeable base materials include asphalt/cement-treated, open-graded aggregates and un...

Utilize Cementitious High Carbon Fly Ash (CHCFA) to Stabilize Cold In-Place Recycled (CIR) Asphalt Pavement as Base Coarse

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wen, Haifang; Li, Xiaojun; Edil, Tuncer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of cementitious high carbon fly ash (CHCFA) stabilized recycled asphalt pavement as a base course material in a real world setting. Three test road cells were built at MnROAD facility in Minnesota. These cells have the same asphalt surface layers, subbases, and subgrades, but three different base courses: conventional crushed aggregates, untreated recycled pavement materials (RPM), and CHCFA stabilized RPM materials. During and after the construction of the three cells, laboratory and field tests were carried out to characterize the material properties. The test results were used in the mechanistic-empiricalmore » pavement design guide (MEPDG) to predict the pavement performance. Based on the performance prediction, the life cycle analyses of cost, energy consumption, and greenhouse gasses were performed. The leaching impacts of these three types of base materials were compared. The laboratory and field tests showed that fly ash stabilized RPM had higher modulus than crushed aggregate and RPM did. Based on the MEPDG performance prediction, the service life of the Cell 79 containing fly ash stabilized RPM, is 23.5 years, which is about twice the service life (11 years) of the Cell 77 with RPM base, and about three times the service life (7.5 years) of the Cell 78 with crushed aggregate base. The life cycle analysis indicated that the usage of the fly ash stabilized RPM as the base of the flexible pavement can significantly reduce the life cycle cost, the energy consumption, the greenhouse gases emission. Concentrations of many trace elements, particularly those with relatively low water quality standards, diminish over time as water flows through the pavement profile. For many elements, concentrations below US water drinking water quality standards are attained at the bottom of the pavement profile within 2-4 pore volumes of flow.« less

Selecting a preventive maintenance treatment for flexible pavements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-06-14

Maintenance engineers have been applying treatments to both flexible and rigid pavements for as long as such pavements have existed. The types and application of various treatments for both corrective and preventive maintenance have been the subject ...

Review of modern methods for continuous friction measurement on airfield pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iwanowski, Paweł; Blacha, Krzysztof; Wesołowski, Mariusz

2018-05-01

The safety of traffic, including both road and air traffic on a ground manoeuvre area, depends on many factors. These mainly include the anti-slip properties of a road or airfield pavement on which the traffic takes place. The basic pavement parameter that determines its characteristics in terms of anti-slip properties is the skid resistance, which constitutes the ratio of the wheel downforce and the friction on the contact surface. There are currently many devices for continuous measurement of the skid resistance (Continuous Friction-Measuring Equipment - CFME) around the world. Most of them, in principle, do not vary much from one another. Most of the devices measure the measuring wheel’s downforce on the pavement and the friction on the wheel-pavement contact surface. The skid resistance is the result of this measurement. The devices vary in many aspects, such as the type and size of the used measuring tyre, pavement-wheel slip or tyre pressure. This does not mean that the results obtained from various devices mbe directly compared. On the other hand, each device allows determining the pavement’s anti-slip conditions in terms of the requirements specified for the given type of devices, thereby enabling pavement classification in these terms. The classification allows for comparing the results obtained from various measuring devices. The paper presents an overview of equipment used in Poland and around the world to measure the skid resistance on airfield pavements. The authors draw attention to the requirements for pavements in terms of their roughness, with division into road and airfield pavements.

Evaluation of porous pavements used in Oregon : volume I.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-12-01

Porous pavements or open graded asphalt mixtures have been in use in Oregon since the late 1960s. The use of this pavement type has increased over the years because the pores in the mat provide a better way for water to drain from the surface. This g...

Asphalt pavement aging and temperature dependent properties using functionally graded viscoelastic model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dave, Eshan V.

Asphalt concrete pavements are inherently graded viscoelastic structures. Oxidative aging of asphalt binder and temperature cycling due to climatic conditions being the major cause of non-homogeneity. Current pavement analysis and simulation procedures dwell on the use of layered approach to account for these non-homogeneities. The conventional finite-element modeling (FEM) technique discretizes the problem domain into smaller elements, each with a unique constitutive property. However the assignment of unique material property description to an element in the FEM approach makes it an unattractive choice for simulation of problems with material non-homogeneities. Specialized elements such as "graded elements" allow for non-homogenous material property definitions within an element. This dissertation describes the development of graded viscoelastic finite element analysis method and its application for analysis of asphalt concrete pavements. Results show that the present research improves efficiency and accuracy of simulations for asphalt pavement systems. Some of the practical implications of this work include the new technique's capability for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavements and overlay systems and for the determination of pavement performance with varying climatic conditions and amount of in-service age. Other application areas include simulation of functionally graded fiber-reinforced concrete, geotechnical materials, metal and metal composites at high temperatures, polymers, and several other naturally existing and engineered materials.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of pressure relief joints in reinforced concrete pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1976-01-01

Reported are studies of the effectiveness of a 4-inch (100 mm) wide compressible material installed at 1,000-ft. (305 m) intervals in a jointed, reinforced concrete pavement in reducing pavement blowups. The studies were made on an Interstate highway...

Study of sealing practices for rigid pavement joints.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

The joint sealing materials and the rigid pavement joint sealing practices employed by Virginia and other highway agencies were studied. The studies showed that Virginia's sealant and joint designs were in need of updating and that higher quality pou...

Assessing the role of pavement macrotexture in preventing crashes on highways.

PubMed

Pulugurtha, Srinivas S; Kusam, Prasanna R; Patel, Kuvleshay J

2010-02-01

The objective of this article is to assess the role of pavement macrotexture in preventing crashes on highways in the State of North Carolina. Laser profilometer data obtained from the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) for highways comprising four corridors are processed to calculate pavement macrotexture at 100-m (approximately 330-ft) sections according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Crash data collected over the same lengths of the corridors were integrated with the calculated pavement macrotexture for each section. Scatterplots were generated to assess the role of pavement macrotexture on crashes and logarithm of crashes. Regression analyses were conducted by considering predictor variables such as million vehicle miles of travel (as a function of traffic volume and length), the number of interchanges, the number of at-grade intersections, the number of grade-separated interchanges, and the number of bridges, culverts, and overhead signs along with pavement macrotexture to study the statistical significance of relationship between pavement macrotexture and crashes (both linear and log-linear) when compared to other predictor variables. Scatterplots and regression analysis conducted indicate a more statistically significant relationship between pavement macrotexture and logarithm of crashes than between pavement macrotexture and crashes. The coefficient for pavement macrotexture, in general, is negative, indicating that the number of crashes or logarithm of crashes decreases as it increases. The relation between pavement macrotexture and logarithm of crashes is generally stronger than between most other predictor variables and crashes or logarithm of crashes. Based on results obtained, it can be concluded that maintaining pavement macrotexture greater than or equal to 1.524 mm (0.06 in.) as a threshold limit would possibly reduce crashes and provide safe transportation to road users on highways.

Evaluation of Precast Panels for Airfield Pavement Repair. Phase 2: Results of Accelerated Pavement Testing

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

ER D C/ G SL T R -1 3 -2 4 Evaluation of Precast Panels for Airfield Pavement Repair Phase II: Results of Accelerated Pavement Testing...default. ERDC/GSL TR-13-24 September 2013 Evaluation of Precast Panels for Airfield Pavement Repair Phase II: Results of Accelerated Pavement ... pavement testing using a C-17 load cart to evaluate the performance of a precast portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement repair system. The system

Finite element simulation of structural performance on flexible pavements with stabilized base/treated subbase materials under accelerated loading : tech summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-01

Accelerated pavement testing (APT) has been increasingly used by state highway agencies in recent years for evaluating pavement : design and performance through applying a simulative heavy vehicular load to the pavement section under controlled fi el...

DOTD implements soil measuring device to increase life of pavements : fact sheet.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-11-01

The resilient modulus (Mr) of : pavement materials and subgrades : is an important input parameter for : the design of pavement structures. : Highway agencies tried to seek : diff erent surrogates. Various empirical : correlations have been used to p...

Recycled asphalt pavement - fly ash geopolymers as a sustainable pavement base material: Strength and toxic leaching investigations.

PubMed

Hoy, Menglim; Horpibulsuk, Suksun; Rachan, Runglawan; Chinkulkijniwat, Avirut; Arulrajah, Arul

2016-12-15

In this research, a low-carbon stabilization method was studied using Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Fly Ash (FA) geopolymers as a sustainable pavement material. The liquid alkaline activator (L) is a mixture of sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and high calcium FA is used as a precursor to synthesize the FA-RAP geopolymers. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of RAP-FA blend and RAP-FA geopolymer are investigated and compared with the requirement of the national road authorities of Thailand. The leachability of the heavy metals is measured by Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and compared with international standards. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis of RAP-FA blend indicates the Calcium Aluminate (Silicate) Hydrate (C-A-S-H) formation, which is due to a reaction between the high calcium in RAP and high silica and alumina in FA. The low geopolymerization products (N-A-S-H) of RAP-FA geopolymer at NaOH/Na 2 SiO 3 =100:0 are detected at the early 7days of curing, hence its UCS is lower than that of RAP-FA blend. The 28-day UCS of RAP-FA geopolymers at various NaOH/Na 2 SiO 3 ratios are significantly higher than that of the RAP-FA blend, which can be attributed to the development of geopolymerization reactions. With the input of Na 2 SiO 3 , the highly soluble silica from Na 2 SiO 3 reacted with leached silica and alumina from FA and RAP and with free calcium from FA and RAP; hence the coexistence of N-A-S-H gel and C-A-S-H products. Therefore, the 7-day UCS values of RAP-FA geopolymers increase with decreasing NaOH/Na 2 SiO 3 ratio. TCLP results demonstrated that there is no environmental risk for both RAP-FA blends and RAP-FA geopolymers in road construction. The geopolymer binder reduces the leaching of heavy metal in RAP-FA mixture. The outcomes from this research will promote the move toward increased applications of recycled materials in a sustainable manner in road construction. Copyright © 2016

First year progress report on the development of the Texas flexible pavement database.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

Comprehensive and reliable databases are essential for the development, validation, and calibration of any pavement : design and rehabilitation system. These databases should include material properties, pavement structural : characteristics, highway...

Thermal stability analysis under embankment with asphalt pavement and cement pavement in permafrost regions.

PubMed

Junwei, Zhang; Jinping, Li; Xiaojuan, Quan

2013-01-01

The permafrost degradation is the fundamental cause generating embankment diseases and pavement diseases in permafrost region while the permafrost degradation is related with temperature. Based on the field monitoring results of ground temperature along G214 Highway in high temperature permafrost regions, both the ground temperatures in superficial layer and the annual average temperatures under the embankment were discussed, respectively, for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements. The maximum depth of temperature field under the embankment for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements was also studied by using the finite element method. The results of numerical analysis indicate that there were remarkable seasonal differences of the ground temperatures in superficial layer between asphalt pavement and concrete pavement. The maximum influencing depth of temperature field under the permafrost embankment for every pavement was under the depth of 8 m. The thawed cores under both embankments have close relation with the maximum thawed depth, the embankment height, and the service time. The effective measurements will be proposed to keep the thermal stabilities of highway embankment by the results.

Thermal Stability Analysis under Embankment with Asphalt Pavement and Cement Pavement in Permafrost Regions

PubMed Central

Jinping, Li; Xiaojuan, Quan

2013-01-01

The permafrost degradation is the fundamental cause generating embankment diseases and pavement diseases in permafrost region while the permafrost degradation is related with temperature. Based on the field monitoring results of ground temperature along G214 Highway in high temperature permafrost regions, both the ground temperatures in superficial layer and the annual average temperatures under the embankment were discussed, respectively, for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements. The maximum depth of temperature field under the embankment for concrete pavements and asphalt pavements was also studied by using the finite element method. The results of numerical analysis indicate that there were remarkable seasonal differences of the ground temperatures in superficial layer between asphalt pavement and concrete pavement. The maximum influencing depth of temperature field under the permafrost embankment for every pavement was under the depth of 8 m. The thawed cores under both embankments have close relation with the maximum thawed depth, the embankment height, and the service time. The effective measurements will be proposed to keep the thermal stabilities of highway embankment by the results. PMID:24027444

Effect of Nano Silica on the Physical Property of Porous Concrete Pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yusak, Mohd Ibrahim Mohd; Ezree Abdullah, Mohd; Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah; Rosli Hainin, Mohd; Ibrahim, Mohd Haziman Wan

2017-08-01

Rice husk can be categorized as an organic waste material from paddy industries. Silica is a major inorganic element of the rice husk. The aim of present study is to evaluate the effect of Nano silica on the physical properties of porous concrete pavement. Rice husk has been burned in the furnace (650°C for 6 hours) and ground for four different grinding times (33, 48, 63 and 81 hours). Five types of mixes were prepared to evaluate the different Nano silica grinding time. A Nano silica dosage of 10% by weight of binder was used throughout the experiments. The physical properties were examined through compressive strength, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray fluorescence. The experimental results indicate that the different Nano size gives a different effect to porous concrete strength. Based on the results obtained, Nano silica ground for 63 hours (65.84nm) gives the best result and performance to porous concrete pavement specimens.

Influence of temperature on fatigue life or reinforced pavement by whitetopping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szydło, A.; Mackiewicz, P.

2018-05-01

The article presents the influence of temperature on the fatigue strength of concrete slabs used for reinforcing susceptible flexible pavement. In Poland, so far, there is no research on thermal interactions on concrete pavement. The article presents an analysis of various climatic conditions occurring in Poland and temperature distribution in concrete pavement. The dependence of daily temperature fluctuations on the temperatures appearing in the concrete slab was demonstrated. An analysis of thermal stresses in concrete slabs depending on their parameters was shown, and then fatigue life was determined. The applied 3DFEM model includes elements of contact, friction, and gravity in order to better approximate the behaviour of the board from temperature change. On this basis, the significant influence of cyclical daily temperature changes on the durability of the concrete pavement was indicated. The presented analyses can be applied to reinforcements of existing flexible pavements.

Permeable Pavement Monitoring at the Edison Environmental Center Demonstration Site - presentation

EPA Science Inventory

The EPA’s Urban Watershed Management Branch has been monitoring an instrumented 110-space pervious pavement parking lot. The lot is used by EPA personnel and visitors to the Edison Environmental Center. The design includes 28-space rows of three permeable pavement types: asphal...

Enhancements to pavement marking testing procedures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-08-01

The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) requires performance and durability testing of all pavement : marking materials before they can be applied on construction projects on state highways. Manufacturers apply materials : on a two-year test d...

Coal-tar-based pavement sealants—a potent source of PAHs

USGS Publications Warehouse

Mahler, Barbara J.; Van Metre, Peter C.

2017-01-01

P avement sealants are applied to the asphalt pavement of many parking lots, driveways, and even playgrounds in North America (Figure 1), where, when first applied, they render the pavement glossy black and looking like new. Sealant products used commercially in the central, eastern, and northern United States typically are coal-tarbased, whereas those used in the western United States typically are asphalt-based. Although the products look similar, they are chemically different. Coal-tarbased pavement sealants typically are 25-35 percent (by weight) coal tar or coal-tar pitch, materials that are known human carcinogens and that contain high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and related chemicals (unless otherwise noted, all Figure 1. Pavement sealant is commonly used to seal parking lots, playgrounds, and driveways throughout the United States. Sealants used in the central, northern, eastern, and southern United States typically contain coal tar or coal-tar pitch, both of which are known human carcinogens. Photos by the U.S. Geological Survey. data in this article are from Mahler et al. 2012 and references therein).

Determination of mechanical properties of materials used in WAY-30 test pavements : executive summary report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-05-01

ODOT selected a relocation of US Route 30 near Wooster : in Wayne County, the WAY-30 project, as the site for : testing long life pavements. The eastbound lanes were : constructed with a long-life Portland Cement Concrete : (PCC) pavement, and the we...

Exploratory study of hot-in-place recycling of asphalt pavements, volume II : appendices.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-11-01

Hot-in-place recycling (HIR) is a method for rehabilitation of asphalt pavements. Potential for cost savings and resource preservation are high because existing pavement materials are processed on-site, with only the addition of small amounts of recy...

Mechanical performance of porous concrete pavement containing nano black rice husk ash

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ibrahim, M. Y. Mohd; Ramadhansyah, P. J.; Rosli, H. Mohd; Ibrahim, M. H. Wan

2018-01-01

This paper presents an experimental research on the performance of nano black rice husk ash on the porous concrete pavement properties. The performance of the porous concrete pavement mixtures was investigated based on their compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting tensile strength. The results indicated that using nano material from black rice husk ash improved the mechanical properties of porous concrete pavement. In addition, the result of compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strength was increased with increasing in curing age. Finally, porous concrete pavement with 10% replacement levels exhibited an excellent performance with good strength compared to others.

Verification of mechanistic-empirical design models for flexible pavements through accelerated pavement testing.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

The Midwest States Accelerated Pavement Testing Pooled Fund Program, financed by the highway : departments of Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, has supported an accelerated pavement testing (APT) project to : validate several models incorporated in the NCH...

Two-vehicle injury severity models based on integration of pavement management and traffic engineering factors.

PubMed

Jiang, Ximiao; Huang, Baoshan; Yan, Xuedong; Zaretzki, Russell L; Richards, Stephen

2013-01-01

The severity of traffic-related injuries has been studied by many researchers in recent decades. However, the evaluation of many factors is still in dispute and, until this point, few studies have taken into account pavement management factors as points of interest. The objective of this article is to evaluate the combined influences of pavement management factors and traditional traffic engineering factors on the injury severity of 2-vehicle crashes. This study examines 2-vehicle rear-end, sideswipe, and angle collisions that occurred on Tennessee state routes from 2004 to 2008. Both the traditional ordered probit (OP) model and Bayesian ordered probit (BOP) model with weak informative prior were fitted for each collision type. The performances of these models were evaluated based on the parameter estimates and deviances. The results indicated that pavement management factors played identical roles in all 3 collision types. Pavement serviceability produces significant positive effects on the severity of injuries. The pavement distress index (PDI), rutting depth (RD), and rutting depth difference between right and left wheels (RD_df) were not significant in any of these 3 collision types. The effects of traffic engineering factors varied across collision types, except that a few were consistently significant in all 3 collision types, such as annual average daily traffic (AADT), rural-urban location, speed limit, peaking hour, and light condition. The findings of this study indicated that improved pavement quality does not necessarily lessen the severity of injuries when a 2-vehicle crash occurs. The effects of traffic engineering factors are not universal but vary by the type of crash. The study also found that the BOP model with a weak informative prior can be used as an alternative but was not superior to the traditional OP model in terms of overall performance.

Dynamic Response of a Rigid Pavement Plate Based on an Inertial Soil.

PubMed

Gibigaye, Mohamed; Yabi, Crespin Prudence; Alloba, I Ezéchiel

2016-01-01

This work presents the dynamic response of a pavement plate resting on a soil whose inertia is taken into account in the design of pavements by rational methods. Thus, the pavement is modeled as a thin plate with finite dimensions, supported longitudinally by dowels and laterally by tie bars. The subgrade is modeled via Pasternak-Vlasov type (three-parameter type) foundation models and the moving traffic load is expressed as a concentrated dynamic load of harmonically varying magnitude, moving straight along the plate with a constant acceleration. The governing equation of the problem is solved using the modified Bolotin method for determining the natural frequencies and the wavenumbers of the system. The orthogonal properties of eigenfunctions are used to find the general solution of the problem. Considering the load over the center of the plate, the results showed that the deflections of the plate are maximum about the middle of the plate but are not null at its edges. It is therefore observed that the deflection decreased 18.33 percent when the inertia of the soil is taken into account. This result shows the possible economic gain when taking into account the inertia of soil in pavement dynamic design.

Class C fly ash in pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-07-01

Portland cement is the most dominant material used in concrete pavements in the state of Nebraska. In order to improve performance, reduce cost, and advance sustainability, a percentage of the Portland cement is replaced with a recycled material know...

Evaluation of porous pavements used in Oregon : volume II : appendices.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-12-01

Porous pavements or open graded asphalt mixtures have been in use in Oregon since the late 1960s. The use of this pavement type has increased over the years because the pores in the mat provide a better way for water to drain from the surface. This g...

Impact of pavement conditions on crash severity.

PubMed

Li, Yingfeng; Liu, Chunxiao; Ding, Liang

2013-10-01

Pavement condition has been known as a key factor related to ride quality, but it is less clear how exactly pavement conditions are related to traffic crashes. The researchers used Geographic Information System (GIS) to link Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Crash Record Information System (CRIS) data and Pavement Management Information System (PMIS) data, which provided an opportunity to examine the impact of pavement conditions on traffic crashes in depth. The study analyzed the correlation between several key pavement condition ratings or scores and crash severity based on a large number of crashes in Texas between 2008 and 2009. The results in general suggested that poor pavement condition scores and ratings were associated with proportionally more severe crashes, but very poor pavement conditions were actually associated with less severe crashes. Very good pavement conditions might induce speeding behaviors and therefore could have caused more severe crashes, especially on non-freeway arterials and during favorable driving conditions. In addition, the results showed that the effects of pavement conditions on crash severity were more evident for passenger vehicles than for commercial vehicles. These results provide insights on how pavement conditions may have contributed to crashes, which may be valuable for safety improvement during pavement design and maintenance. Readers should notice that, although the study found statistically significant effects of pavement variables on crash severity, the effects were rather minor in reality as suggested by frequency analyses. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An assessment of SBS modified asphalt concrete pavements performance features performing numerical analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karakas, Ahmet Sertac; Bozkurt, Tarik Serhat; Sayin, Baris; Ortes, Faruk

2017-07-01

In passenger and freight traffic on the roads, which has the largest share of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) prepared asphalt concrete pavement is one of the most preferred type of flexible superstructure. During the service life of the road, they must provide the performance which is expected to show. HMA must be high performance mix design, comfortable, safe and resistance to degradation. In addition, it becomes a critical need to use various additives materials for roads to be able to serve long-term against environmental conditions such as traffic and climate due to the fact that the way of raw materials is limited. Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) polymers are widely used among additives. In this study, the numerical analysis of SBS modified HMA designed asphalt concrete coatings prepared with different thicknesses with SBS modified HMA is performed. After that, stress and deformation values of the three pavement models are compared and evaluated.

The Greenhouse Gas Emission from Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Construction in China.

PubMed

Ma, Feng; Sha, Aimin; Yang, Panpan; Huang, Yue

2016-06-24

This study proposes an inventory analysis method to evaluate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Portland cement concrete pavement construction, based on a case project in the west of China. The concrete pavement construction process was divided into three phases, namely raw material production, concrete manufacture and pavement onsite construction. The GHG emissions of the three phases are analyzed by a life cycle inventory method. The CO₂e is used to indicate the GHG emissions. The results show that for 1 km Portland cement concrete pavement construction, the total CO₂e is 8215.31 tons. Based on the evaluation results, the CO₂e of the raw material production phase is 7617.27 tons, accounting for 92.7% of the total GHG emissions; the CO₂e of the concrete manufacture phase is 598,033.10 kg, accounting for 7.2% of the total GHG emissions. Lastly, the CO₂e of the pavement onsite construction phase is 8396.59 kg, accounting for only 0.1% of the total GHG emissions. The main greenhouse gas is CO₂ in each phase, which accounts for more than 98% of total emissions. N₂O and CH₄ emissions are relatively insignificant.

Calibration of pavement response models for the mechanistic-empirical pavement design method

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2007-09-01

Most pavement design methodologies assume that the tire-pavement contact stress is equal to the tire inflation pressure and uniformly distributed over a circular contact area. However, tire-pavement contact area is not in a circular shape and the con...

Investigation of Self Consolidating Concrete Containing High Volume of Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Recycled Asphalt Pavement Aggregates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Patibandla, Varun chowdary

The use of sustainable technologies such as supplementary cementitiuous materials (SCMs), and/or recycled materials is expected to positively affect the performance of concrete mixtures. However, it is important to study and qualify such mixtures and check if the required specifications of their intended application are met before they can be implemented in practice. This study presents the results of a laboratory investigation of Self Consolidating concrete (SCC) containing sustainable technologies. A total of twelve concrete mixtures were prepared with various combinations of fly ash, slag, and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). The mixtures were divided into three groups with constant water to cementitiuous materials ratio of 0.37, and based on the RAP content; 0, 25, and 50% of coarse aggregate replaced by RAP. All mixtures were prepared to achieve a target slump flow equal to or higher than 500 mm (24in). A control mixture for each group was prepared with 100% Portland cement whereas all other mixtures were designed to have up to 70% of portland cement replaced by a combination of supplementary cementitiuous materials (SCMs) such as class C fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag. The properties of fresh concrete investigated in this study include flowability, deformability; filling capacity, and resistance to segregation. In addition, the compressive strength at 3, 14, and 28 days, the tensile strength, and the unrestrained shrinkage up to 80 days was also investigated. As expected the inclusion of the sustainable technologies affected both fresh and hardened concrete properties. Analysis of the experimental data indicated that inclusion of RAP not only reduces the ultimate strength, but it also affected the compressive strength development rate. Moreover, several mixes satisfied compressive strength requirements for pavements and bridges; those mixes included relatively high percentages of SCMs and RAP. Based on the results obtained in this study, it is not

Urban permeable pavement system design based on “sponge city” concept

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, M. M.; Zhu, J. W.; Gao, W. F.; Xu, D. P.; Zhao, M.

2017-08-01

Based on the “sponge city” concept, to implement the goal of building a city within the city to solve the sponge waterlogging, rational utilization of water resources, reduce water pollution this paper, combined with the city planning level in China, establishes the design system of city road flooding from the macro, medium and micro level, explore the design method of city water permeable pavement system, and has a practical significance the lower flood risk water ecological problems. On the macro level, we established an urban pavement sponge system under the regional ecological pattern by “spot permeable open space - low impact developing rain water road system - catchment area and catchment wetland”. On a medium level, this paper proposed the permeable suitability of pavement and the planning control indicators when combined with urban functional districts to conduct permeable pavement roads plans and controls. On micro level, the paper studied sponge technology design of permeable pavement from road structure, surface material, and other aspects aimed at the pavement permeability requirements.

Cloud Impacts on Pavement Temperature in Energy Balance Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walker, C. L.

2013-12-01

Forecast systems provide decision support for end-users ranging from the solar energy industry to municipalities concerned with road safety. Pavement temperature is an important variable when considering vehicle response to various weather conditions. A complex, yet direct relationship exists between tire and pavement temperatures. Literature has shown that as tire temperature increases, friction decreases which affects vehicle performance. Many forecast systems suffer from inaccurate radiation forecasts resulting in part from the inability to model different types of clouds and their influence on radiation. This research focused on forecast improvement by determining how cloud type impacts the amount of shortwave radiation reaching the surface and subsequent pavement temperatures. The study region was the Great Plains where surface solar radiation data were obtained from the High Plains Regional Climate Center's Automated Weather Data Network stations. Road pavement temperature data were obtained from the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System. Cloud properties and radiative transfer quantities were obtained from the Clouds and Earth's Radiant Energy System mission via Aqua and Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite products. An additional cloud data set was incorporated from the Naval Research Laboratory Cloud Classification algorithm. Statistical analyses using a modified nearest neighbor approach were first performed relating shortwave radiation variability with road pavement temperature fluctuations. Then statistical associations were determined between the shortwave radiation and cloud property data sets. Preliminary results suggest that substantial pavement forecasting improvement is possible with the inclusion of cloud-specific information. Future model sensitivity testing seeks to quantify the magnitude of forecast improvement.

Effects of Heavy Vehicle Characteristics on Pavement Response and Performance---Phase II

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1991-12-31

The objective of this research was to analyze and evaluate the interaction between heavy vehicle characteristics and pavement performance for application in pavement management. Heavy vehicle (truck and bus) characteristics include tire types (bias p...

Pavement scores synthesis.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-02-01

The purpose of this synthesis was to summarize the use of pavement scores by the states, including the : rating methods used, the score scales, and descriptions; if the scores are used for recommending pavement : maintenance and rehabilitation action...

Development of Pavement Temperature Contours for India

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nivitha, M. R.; Krishnan, J. M.

2014-06-01

The stress-strain response of the bituminous pavements is highly sensitive to temperature. To systematically analyze the pavement performance, it is necessary that one understands the variation of pavement temperature spatially and temporally during the life time of a pavement. In this investigation, historic air temperature data for 37 locations across India was collected. Using this database, pavement temperature data was predicted by an appropriate air temperature-pavement temperature model. High and low temperature pavement temperature contours were generated for the first time for India. It was seen that the locations spanning from Srinagar to Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan to Orissa were extremely critical. The minimum temperature in these locations was 10 C and the maximum temperature was around 68 C. Clearly such information is necessary when making choice of binder grade and bituminous layer thickness.

Evaluation of multilayered pavement structures from measurements of surface waves

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ryden, N.; Lowe, M.J.S.; Cawley, P.; Park, C.B.

2006-01-01

A method is presented for evaluating the thickness and stiffness of multilayered pavement structures from guided waves measured at the surface. Data is collected with a light hammer as the source and an accelerometer as receiver, generating a synthetic receiver array. The top layer properties are evaluated with a Lamb wave analysis. Multiple layers are evaluated by matching a theoretical phase velocity spectrum to the measured spectrum. So far the method has been applied to the testing of pavements, but it may also be applicable in other fields such as ultrasonic testing of coated materials. ?? 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Investigation of accident reduction by grooved concrete pavement : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-06-01

This report is a category 2 experimental project evaluation written in conjunction with EHS-I-10-3(93)158 and EHS-I-12-1(44)0 contracted to groove hardened PCC pavement. In it the wear characteristics, pavement texture, skid resistance, and the accid...

Identification of pavement marking colors : executive summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-04-01

The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) is charged with selecting and enforcing color : specifications for pavement markings. In recent years, changes in materials have affected the : physical appearance of these markings. Even though, at applic...

Analysis of the usage of rubberized asphalt in hot mix asphalt using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dwidarma Nataadmadja, Adelia; Prahara, Eduardi; Sumbung, Pierre Christian

2017-12-01

There has been an increasing demand in using more environmentally friendly materials in pavement construction. One of the alternative materials that have been widely used is the Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) aggregates. The RAP aggregates are derived from the crushed and screened pavement materials that contain asphalt and aggregates. This material is usually combined with natural aggregates and virgin asphalt binder to construct a new pavement. There have been numerous positive feedbacks in using this material although RAP aggregates also have certain weaknesses, such as questionable interaction between virgin and recycled materials and increased stiffness of RAP binder. Moreover, there has been a push on using rubber as an additive to asphalt binder to improve the welfare of rubber farmers. This research combines the usage of both latex and RAP as the ingredients to design hot mix asphalt (HMA) as latex could help in improving the flexibility of HMA and the interaction between the virgin and recycled materials. The main objective of this research is to find a suitable percentage of RAP aggregates to be used in HMA with certain percentage of latex as the binder additive.

Functionality Enhancement of Industrialized Optical Fiber Sensors and System Developed for Full-Scale Pavement Monitoring

PubMed Central

Wang, Huaping; Liu, Wanqiu; He, Jianping; Xing, Xiaoying; Cao, Dandan; Gao, Xipeng; Hao, Xiaowei; Cheng, Hongwei; Zhou, Zhi

2014-01-01

Pavements always play a predominant role in transportation. Health monitoring of pavements is becoming more and more significant, as frequently suffering from cracks, rutting, and slippage renders them prematurely out of service. Effective and reliable sensing elements are thus in high demand to make prognosis on the mechanical properties and occurrence of damage to pavements. Therefore, in this paper, various types of functionality enhancement of industrialized optical fiber sensors for pavement monitoring are developed, with the corresponding operational principles clarified in theory and the performance double checked by basic experiments. Furthermore, a self-healing optical fiber sensing network system is adopted to accomplish full-scale monitoring of pavements. The application of optical fiber sensors assembly and self-healing network system in pavement has been carried out to validate the feasibility. It has been proved that the research in this article provides a valuable method and meaningful guidance for the integrity monitoring of civil structures, especially pavements. PMID:24854060

Functionality enhancement of industrialized optical fiber sensors and system developed for full-scale pavement monitoring.

PubMed

Wang, Huaping; Liu, Wanqiu; He, Jianping; Xing, Xiaoying; Cao, Dandan; Gao, Xipeng; Hao, Xiaowei; Cheng, Hongwei; Zhou, Zhi

2014-05-19

Pavements always play a predominant role in transportation. Health monitoring of pavements is becoming more and more significant, as frequently suffering from cracks, rutting, and slippage renders them prematurely out of service. Effective and reliable sensing elements are thus in high demand to make prognosis on the mechanical properties and occurrence of damage to pavements. Therefore, in this paper, various types of functionality enhancement of industrialized optical fiber sensors for pavement monitoring are developed, with the corresponding operational principles clarified in theory and the performance double checked by basic experiments. Furthermore, a self-healing optical fiber sensing network system is adopted to accomplish full-scale monitoring of pavements. The application of optical fiber sensors assembly and self-healing network system in pavement has been carried out to validate the feasibility. It has been proved that the research in this article provides a valuable method and meaningful guidance for the integrity monitoring of civil structures, especially pavements.

Latex improvement of recycled asphalt pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Drennon, C.

1982-08-01

The performance of a single unmodified milled recycled asphalt concrete was compared to milled asphalt concrete modified by addition of three types of rubber latex. Latex was added at 2, 3, 5, and 8 percent latex by weight of asphalt in the asphalt concrete. Lattices used were a styrene butadiene (SBR), a natural rubber (NR), an acrylonitrile butadiene (NBR), and four varieties of out of specification SBR lattices. Marshall tests, while indecisive, showed a modest improvement in properties of SBR and NR added material at 3 and 5 percent latex. Addition of NBR latex caused deterioration in Marshall stability and flow over that of control. Repeated load tests were run using the indirect tensile test, analyzed by the VESYS program, which computes life of pavements. Repeated load tests showed improvement in asphalt concrete life when 3 and 5 percent SBR was added. Improvement was also shown by the out of specification SBR.

Development of reliable pavement models.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-05-01

The current report proposes a framework for estimating the reliability of a given pavement structure as analyzed by : the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The methodology proposes using a previously fit : response surface, in plac...

Life cycle assessment of asphalt pavement maintenance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-01-01

This study aims at developing a life cycle assessment (LCA) model to quantify the impact of pavement preservation on energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The construction stage contains material, manufacture, transportation and plac...

Texturing concrete pavement for reduced tire/pavement noise using longitudinal tining : designation CPSCP GS 3-11 (rev 3/1/2011).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

This document provides language that can be used by an Owner-Agency to develop materials and : construction specifications with the objective of reducing tire/pavement noise. While the practices : described herein are largely prescriptive, they have ...

Texturing concrete pavement for reduced tire/pavement noise using transverse tining : designation CPSCP GS 4-11 (rev 3/1/2011).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

This document provides language that can be used by an Owner-Agency to develop materials and : construction specifications with the objective of reducing tire/pavement noise. While the practices : described herein are largely prescriptive, they have ...

Texturing concrete pavement for reduced tire/pavement noise using diamond grinding : designation CPSCP GS 1-11 (rev 3/1/2011).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-03-01

This document provides language that can be used by an Owner-Agency to develop materials and : construction specifications with the objective of reducing tire/pavement noise. While the practices : described herein are largely prescriptive, they have ...

Quantifying mobile and immobile zones during simulated stormwater infiltration through a new permeable pavement material.

PubMed

Bentarzi, Y; Ghenaim, A; Terfous, A; Wanko, A; Poulet, J B

2015-01-01

We have designed a new eco-material for use in permeable pavements in view to ensuring the sustainable management of stormwater in urban areas. The specific characteristic of this material is that it allows the infiltration of rainfall, storing the infiltrated water and trapping the pollutants carried by runoff such as engine oil and heavy metals. This new material is composed of a mixture of crushed concrete , resulting from inert construction waste, and organic material (compost). We performed tracing experiments in view to monitor the flow of the water within this material in order to study its hydrodynamics under heavy rainfall (rain with a return period of 10 years). The experimental results revealed preferential flows due to the heterogeneity of the material and liable to act as a major vector for the mobility of the pollutants transported within the material by stormwater. The work presented in this article consists in quantifying these preferential flows by determining their water contents in mobile (θm) and immobile (θim) water during infiltration. To do this, we used the (NON-EQUILIBRIUM Convection-Dispersion Equation) model, in order to evaluate mobile and stagnant zones in the framework of tracing experiments.

Enhancing GDOT's Computerized Pavement Condition Evaluation System for Pavement Condition Survey

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-01

The Computerized Pavement Condition Evaluation System (COPACES) is a software tool that has been used by the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) for its statewide pavement condition survey since the late 1990s. The previous version was releas...

Texas flexible pavements and overlays : data analysis plans and reporting format.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-01

This five-year project was initiated to collect materials and pavement performance data on a minimum of 100 : highway test sections around the State of Texas, incorporating flexible pavements and overlays. Besides being used to : calibrate and valida...

Modified pavement cement concrete

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Botsman, L. N.; Ageeva, M. S.; Botsman, A. N.; Shapovalov, S. M.

2018-03-01

The paper suggests design principles of pavement cement concrete, which covers optimization of compositions and structures at the stage of mixture components selection due to the use of plasticizing agents and air-retaining substances that increase the viability of a concrete mixture. It also demonstrates advisability of using plasticizing agents together with air-retaining substances when developing pavement concrete compositions, which provides for the improvement of physical and mechanical properties of concrete and the reduction of cement binding agent consumption thus preserving strength indicators. The paper shows dependences of the main physical-mechanical parameters of concrete on cement consumption, a type and amount of additives.

Design of overlays based on pavement condition, roughness, and deflections : part 1 : tentative method for overlay design based on visual pavement distress.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1978-01-01

Data collected on 111 interstate highway projects in Virginia were analyzed by multi-regression analysis and the rating coefficient for each type of distress determined. By this means, the total pavement distress and, hence, the maintenance rating of...

Dynamic Response of a Rigid Pavement Plate Based on an Inertial Soil

PubMed Central

Gibigaye, Mohamed; Yabi, Crespin Prudence; Alloba, I. Ezéchiel

2016-01-01

This work presents the dynamic response of a pavement plate resting on a soil whose inertia is taken into account in the design of pavements by rational methods. Thus, the pavement is modeled as a thin plate with finite dimensions, supported longitudinally by dowels and laterally by tie bars. The subgrade is modeled via Pasternak-Vlasov type (three-parameter type) foundation models and the moving traffic load is expressed as a concentrated dynamic load of harmonically varying magnitude, moving straight along the plate with a constant acceleration. The governing equation of the problem is solved using the modified Bolotin method for determining the natural frequencies and the wavenumbers of the system. The orthogonal properties of eigenfunctions are used to find the general solution of the problem. Considering the load over the center of the plate, the results showed that the deflections of the plate are maximum about the middle of the plate but are not null at its edges. It is therefore observed that the deflection decreased 18.33 percent when the inertia of the soil is taken into account. This result shows the possible economic gain when taking into account the inertia of soil in pavement dynamic design. PMID:27382639

Pavement markings and safety.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-11-01

Previous research on pavement markings from a safety perspective tackled various issues such as pavement marking retroreflectivity : variability, relationship between pavement marking retroreflectivity and driver visibility, or pavement marking impro...

Preparation and thermal properties of mineral-supported polyethylene glycol as form-stable composite phase change materials (CPCMs) used in asphalt pavements.

PubMed

Jin, Jiao; Lin, Feipeng; Liu, Ruohua; Xiao, Ting; Zheng, Jianlong; Qian, Guoping; Liu, Hongfu; Wen, Pihua

2017-12-05

Three kinds of mineral-supported polyethylene glycol (PEG) as form-stable composite phase change materials (CPCMs) were prepared to choose the most suitable CPCMs in asphalt pavements for the problems of asphalt pavements rutting diseases and urban heat islands. The microstructure and chemical structure of CPCMs were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and XRD. Thermal properties of the CPCMs were determined by TG and DSC. The maximum PEG absorption of diatomite (DI), expanded perlite (EP) and expanded vermiculite (EVM) could reach 72%, 67% and 73.6%, respectively. The melting temperatures and latent heat of CPCMs are in the range of 52-55 °C and 100-115 J/g, respectively. The results show that PEG/EP has the best thermal and chemical stability after 100 times of heating-cooling process. Moreover, crystallization fraction results show that PEG/EP has slightly higher latent heats than that of PEG/DI and PEG/EVM. Temperature-adjusting asphalt mixture was prepared by substituting the fine aggregates with PEG/EP CPCMs. The upper surface maximum temperature difference of temperature-adjusting asphalt mixture reaches about 7.0 °C in laboratory, and the surface peak temperature reduces up to 4.3 °C in the field experiment during a typical summer day, indicating a great potential application for regulating pavement temperature field and alleviating the urban heat islands.

Strength and deformation characteristics of pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shook, J. F.; Kallas, B. F.; McCullough, B. F.; Taute, A.; Rada, G.; Witczak, M. W.; Heisey, J. S.; Stokoe, K. H.; Meyer, A. H.; Huffman, M. S.

The Colorado experimental base project was a full-scale field experment constructed with various thicknesses of two full depth hot mix sand asphalt beans, one full depth asphalt concrete base, and one thickness of a standard design with untreated base and subbase layers. Relative thicknesses of one asphalt concrete base, two hot mix sand asphalt bases, and one standard design with untreated base and subbase required to give an equal level of pavement performance were determined. Certain measured properties of the pavement and the pavement components were related to observed levels of performance by using both empirical and theoretical models for pavement behavior.

Improved performance of reclaimed asphalt pavement mixes.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-07

Utilization of RAP in asphalt pavements has become an important strategy to help offset rising : raw material prices and to improve the sustainability of our transportation infrastructure. The : South Dakota DOT began to routinely use RAP in mainl...

Evaluation of bond strength between pavement layers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-12-01

The primary objective of this project was to develop a test for measuring the bond strength : between pavement layers. The research was also to evaluate tack coat materials and application : rates for the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT)....

Multimodal approach to seismic pavement testing

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ryden, N.; Park, C.B.; Ulriksen, P.; Miller, R.D.

2004-01-01

A multimodal approach to nondestructive seismic pavement testing is described. The presented approach is based on multichannel analysis of all types of seismic waves propagating along the surface of the pavement. The multichannel data acquisition method is replaced by multichannel simulation with one receiver. This method uses only one accelerometer-receiver and a light hammer-source, to generate a synthetic receiver array. This data acquisition technique is made possible through careful triggering of the source and results in such simplification of the technique that it is made generally available. Multiple dispersion curves are automatically and objectively extracted using the multichannel analysis of surface waves processing scheme, which is described. Resulting dispersion curves in the high frequency range match with theoretical Lamb waves in a free plate. At lower frequencies there are several branches of dispersion curves corresponding to the lower layers of different stiffness in the pavement system. The observed behavior of multimodal dispersion curves is in agreement with theory, which has been validated through both numerical modeling and the transfer matrix method, by solving for complex wave numbers. ?? ASCE / JUNE 2004.

Prestressed pavement rehabilitation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-06-23

In 1989, a landmark pavement project was opened to traffic in Blair County, Pennsylvania, that received national attention. The pavement was a two-mile section of prestressed concrete pavement that was constructed on the northbound lanes of what is n...

Guidelines for detection, analysis, and treatment of materials-related distress in concrete pavements. Volume 2, Guidelines description and use

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-08-01

The performance of concrete pavements can be adversely affected by the concrete's inability to resist the environment in which it is placed. This lack of durability can occur even when the structural design of the pavement is adequate. The distresses...

Machine-vision-based roadway health monitoring and assessment : development of a shape-based pavement-crack-detection approach.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-01-01

State highway agencies (SHAs) routinely employ semi-automated and automated image-based methods for network-level : pavement-cracking data collection, and there are different types of pavement-cracking data collected by SHAs for reporting and : manag...

Performance trends of rehabilitated AC pavements

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-10-01

The General Pavement Study (GPS) 6 experiment, "AC Overlay of AC Pavements," involves pavement test sections where an asphalt concrete (AC) overlay was placed on an existing AC pavement. This TechBrief summarizes the results of a study of the GPS-6 e...

Analysis on mechanics response of long-life asphalt pavement at moist hot heavy loading area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Xinquan; Li, Hao; Wu, Chuanhai; Li, Shanqiang

2018-04-01

Based on the durability of semi-rigid base asphalt pavement test road in Guangdong Yunluo expressway, by comparing the mechanics response of modified semi-rigid base, RCC base and inverted semi-rigid base with the state of continuous, using four unit five parameter model to evaluate rut depth of asphalt pavement structure, and through commonly used fatigue life prediction model to evaluate fatigue performance of three types of asphalt pavement structure. Theoretical calculation and four years tracking observation results of test road show that rut depth of modified semi-rigid base asphalt pavement is the minimum, the road performance is the best, and the fatigue performance is the optimal.

Texturing concrete pavement for reduced tire/pavement noise using artificial turf drag : designation CPSCP GS 2-11 (rev 3/1/2011).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-02-01

This document provides language that can be used by an Owner-Agency to develop materials and : construction specifications with the objective of reducing tire/pavement noise. While the practices : described herein are largely prescriptive, they have ...

Partial-depth repair of jointed PCC pavements : cast-in-place and precast procedures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1977-01-01

The installation of durable patches on jointed portland cement concrete pavement using several types of cast-in-place concrete, is described. The recommended procedures for pavement preparation and patch installation are given, and additional mainten...

The Greenhouse Gas Emission from Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Construction in China

PubMed Central

Ma, Feng; Sha, Aimin; Yang, Panpan; Huang, Yue

2016-01-01

This study proposes an inventory analysis method to evaluate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Portland cement concrete pavement construction, based on a case project in the west of China. The concrete pavement construction process was divided into three phases, namely raw material production, concrete manufacture and pavement onsite construction. The GHG emissions of the three phases are analyzed by a life cycle inventory method. The CO2e is used to indicate the GHG emissions. The results show that for 1 km Portland cement concrete pavement construction, the total CO2e is 8215.31 tons. Based on the evaluation results, the CO2e of the raw material production phase is 7617.27 tons, accounting for 92.7% of the total GHG emissions; the CO2e of the concrete manufacture phase is 598,033.10 kg, accounting for 7.2% of the total GHG emissions. Lastly, the CO2e of the pavement onsite construction phase is 8396.59 kg, accounting for only 0.1% of the total GHG emissions. The main greenhouse gas is CO2 in each phase, which accounts for more than 98% of total emissions. N2O and CH4 emissions are relatively insignificant. PMID:27347987

Performance of pervious pavement parking bays storing rainwater in the north of Spain.

PubMed

Gomez-Ullate, E; Bayon, J R; Coupe, S; Castro-Fresno, D

2010-01-01

Pervious pavements are drainage techniques that improve urban water management in a sustainable manner. An experimental pervious pavement parking area has been constructed in the north of Spain (Santander), with the aim of harvesting good quality rainwater. Forty-five pervious pavement structures have been designed and constructed to measure stored water quantity and quality simultaneously. Ten of these structures are specifically constructed with different geotextile layers for improving water storage within the pavements. Following the confirmation in previous laboratory experiments that the geotextile influenced on water storage, two different geosynthetics (Inbitex and a One Way evaporation control membrane) and control pervious pavements with no geotextile layers were tested in the field. Weather conditions were monitored in order to find correlations with the water storage within the pervious pavement models tested. During one year of monitoring the three different pervious pavement types tested remained at their maximum storage capacity. The heavy rain events which occurred during the experimental period caused evaporation rates within the pervious pavements to be not significant, but allowed the researchers to observe certain trends in the water storage. Temperature was the most closely correlated weather factor with the level of the water stored within the pervious pavements tested.

Verification of mechanistic-empirical design models for flexible pavements through accelerated pavement testing : technical summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-08-01

Midwest States Accelerated Pavement Testing Pooled-Fund Program, financed by the : highway departments of Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, has supported an accelerated : pavement testing (APT) project to validate several models incorporated in the NCHRP :...

Certification Tests on Cold Patch Asphalt Repair Materials for Use in Airfield Pavements

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

in Airfield Pavements Mariely Mejías-Santiago, Franciso del Valle Roldán, and Lucy P. Priddy Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory U.S. Army...28 Figure 19. Pavement structure in the test section...ERDC), Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory (GSL), Vicksburg, MS. The findings and recommendations presented in this report are based upon laboratory

Characterization of asphalt treated base course material

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-06-01

Asphalt-treated bases are often used in new pavements; the materials are available and low-cost, but there is little data on how these materials perform in cold regions. : This study investigated four ATB types (hot asphalt, emulsion, foamed asphalt,...

Performance of concrete pavements with longitudinal tining, transverse tining, and carpet drag finish.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-05-01

This report documents the performance of concrete pavements constructed on I-5 in the vicinity of Federal : Way, Washington. The pavements were built using three types of texture; carpet drag, longitudinal tining, and : transverse tining. The pavemen...

A review on using crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement.

PubMed

Mashaan, Nuha Salim; Ali, Asim Hassan; Karim, Mohamed Rehan; Abdelaziz, Mahrez

2014-01-01

An immense problem affecting environmental pollution is the increase of waste tyre vehicles. In an attempt to decrease the magnitude of this issue, crumb rubber modifier (CRM) obtained from waste tyre rubber has gained interest in asphalt reinforcement. The use of crumb rubber in the reinforcement of asphalt is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials, and it is believed that crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be an alternative polymer material in improving hot mix asphalt performance properties. In this paper, a critical review on the use of crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement will be presented and discussed. It will also include a review on the effects of CRM on the stiffness, rutting, and fatigue resistance of road pavement construction.

Development of cost-effective pavement treatment selection and treatment performance models : [tech summary].

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-09-01

The overall objective of this study was to develop pavement treatment performance : models in support of cost-e ective selection of pavement treatment type, project : boundaries, and time of treatment. The development of the proposed models was ba...

Performance of reclaimed asphalt pavement on unpaved roads.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-10-01

The University of Wyoming's LTAP Center conducted a study examining the performance of reclaimed, recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) on unpaved roads in three Wyoming counties. Fifteen material and dust suppression treatment combinations were examined. ...

Microtexture diagnostics of asphalt pavement surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Florková, Zuzana; Pepucha, L.'ubomír

2017-09-01

The microtexture of asphalt pavement surface is an essential parameter from the traffic safety point of view and it closely relates to a geometrical, petrological and physical properties of aggregate particle used in asphalt pavement. Microtexture has a significant influence for assurance basic friction values between tire and pavement in relation to a skid resistance properties. Therefore, the microtexture detecting methods are necessary. The British pendulum tester measurements have been carried out on selected sections of roads with different asphalt surfaces. Individual grains of aggregates were taken from the surface of each section from the sliding path and also from the core sample after the extraction. The laboratory profilometry measurements have been practiced on these aggregate samples and subsequently the surface microtexture was investigated based on commonly used texture characteristics and the filtration approach was applied in calculation process. The results have shown the degradation of microtexture values occurs due to polishing of aggregate under loading from traffic in relation to the type of used aggregate. Some correlation between BPN values and texture characteristics was found.

Task 4 : testing Iowa Portland cement concrete mixtures for the AASHTO mechanistic-empirical pavement design procedure.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-05-01

The present research project was designed to identify the typical Iowa material input values that are required by the Mechanistic- : Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for the Level 3 concrete pavement design. It was also designed to investigate...

Calibration of the AASHTO pavement design guide to South Carolina conditions - phase I : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-07-20

The primary objective of this research was to identify existing historical data (i.e., climate, traffic, : pavement design information, material properties, and pavement performance) within the SCDOT for use : in the local calibration of the Mechanis...

An integrated pavement data management and feedback system (PAMS) : evaluation of pavement condition rating procedure.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1984-08-01

This report describes an evaluation of a method for use in the Highway Needs Study pavement condition rating. The methods by which the Department generates and manages pavement condition data in the overall process of providing a network of highways ...

Recycled material availability in Maryland - a synthesis study.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-10-01

There is growing interest in using recycled materials in highway construction nationwide. The research study focused : on four types of recycled materials: recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), dredged : materials, and ...

Safety performance evaluation of converging chevron pavement markings : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-12-01

The objectives of this study were (1) to perform a detailed safety analysis of converging chevron : pavement markings, quantifying the potential safety benefits and developing an understanding of the : incident types addressed by the treatment, and (...

In-Place Recycling and Reclamation of Asphaltic Concrete Pavements in Kentucky

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-11-01

Full-depth reclamation has been defined by the Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association as a rehabilitation technique in which the full thickness of the asphalt pavement and a predetermined portion of the underlying material (base, subbase, an...

Interior car noise created by textured pavement surfaces : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1975-01-01

Because of widespread concern about the effect of textured pavement surfaces on interior car noise, sound pressure levels (SPL) were measured inside a test vehicle as it traversed 21 pavements with various textures. A linear regression analysis run o...

Influence of Excessive Moisture in the Subgrade on the Durability and Load-Bearing Capacity of Road Pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mieczkowski, P.; Budziński, B.

2018-05-01

When well performed, pavement renewal or alteration shall ensure the desired properties of the road during the assumed period of operation. Presence of water in the subgrade can be one of the main factors affecting the structural capacity of pavement and can result in cracking of the bituminous layers, even after a very short period of trafficking. Reconstruction of one of regional roads in Poland has been chosen to serve as an example of inappropriate approach to the problem of the presence of water in the road structure. The project included construction of new layers of pavement and increasing the design life of the whole pavement structure to 4.06 million ESAL of 100 kN (as per the Standard Catalogue of Typical Flexible and Semi-rigid Road Pavement Structures, issue of 1997). After a relatively short period of trafficking (3-5 years) localised alligator cracking appeared on the surface along with structural deformations. The pavement condition assessment including FWD tests was carried out to reveal excessive deflections (over 500 μm) which classify the road for renewal. The analysis of data showed that the main cause of distress was softening of the subgrade caused by an ingress of precipitation water under the pavement layers through the roadway and shoulder edges. The deficiencies of the performed reconstruction occurred both in the roadway (including small step-outs in the cement-treated layer) and partly in the shoulders where the existing soil was in places replaced with impervious material, with the existing (cohesive) material left in place on a major part of the overall length.

Desert Pavement Process and Form: Modes and Scales of Landscape Stability and Instability in Arid Regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wells, Stephen G.; McFadden, Leslie D.; McDonald, Eric V.; Eppes, Martha C.; Young, Michael H.; Wood, Yvonne A.

2014-05-01

Desert pavements are recognized in arid landscapes around the world, developing via diminution of constructional/depositional landform relief and creating a 1-2 stone thick armor over a "stone free" layer. Surface exposure dating demonstrates that clasts forming the desert pavements are maintained at the land surface over hundreds of thousands of years, as aeolian fines are deposited on the land surface, transported into the underlying parent material and incorporated into accretionary soil horizons (e.g., the stone free or vesicular [Av] horizon). This surface armor provides long-term stability over extensive regions of the landscape. Over shorter time periods and at the landform-element scale, dynamic surficial processes (i.e., weathering, runoff) continue to modify the pavement form. Clast size reduction in comparison to underlying parent material, along with armoring and packing of clasts in pavements contribute to their persistence, and studies of crack orientations in pavement clasts indicate physical weathering and diminution of particle size are driven by diurnal solar insolation. Over geologic time, cracks form and propagate from tensile stresses related to temporal and spatial gradients in temperature that evolve and rotate in alignment with the sun's rays. Observed multimodal nature of crack orientations appear related to seasonally varying, latitude-dependent temperature fields resulting from solar angle and weather conditions. Surface properties and their underlying soil profiles vary across pavement surfaces, forming a landscape mosaic and controlling surface hydrology, ecosystem function and the ultimate life-cycle of arid landscapes. In areas of well-developed pavements, surface infiltration and soluble salt concentrations indicate that saturated hydraulic conductivity of Av horizons decline on progressively older alluvial fan surfaces. Field observations and measurements from well-developed desert pavement surfaces landforms also yield

Impact of variations in material properties on asphalt pavement life-evaluation of Warren-Scappoose project : interim report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1981-12-01

Construction and short-term pavement performance problems were noted in the Pacific Northwest and throughout the United States during the past five years. Several reasons have been suggested to explain this sudden change in pavement performance, such...

Guidelines for detection, analysis, and treatment of materials-related distress in concrete pavements, volume 3 : case studies using the guidelines.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-08-01

The performance of concrete pavements can be adversely affected by the concrete's inability to resist the environment in : which it is placed. This lack of durability can occur even when the structural design of the pavement is adequate. The : distre...

Noise abatement and traffic safety: The trade-off of quieter engines and pavements on vehicle detection.

PubMed

Mendonça, C; Freitas, E; Ferreira, J P; Raimundo, I D; Santos, J A

2013-03-01

Road traffic sounds are a major source of noise pollution in urban areas. But recent developments such as low noise pavements and hybrid/electric engine vehicles cast an optimistic outlook over such an environmental problem. However, it can be argued that engine, tire, and road noise could be relevant sources of information to avoid road traffic conflicts and accidents. In this paper, we analyze the potential trade-offs of traffic-noise abatement approaches in an experimental study, focusing for the first time on the impact and interaction of relevant factors such as pavement type, vehicle type, listener's age, and background noise, on vehicle detection levels. Results reveal that vehicle and pavement type significantly affect vehicle detection. Age is a significant factor, as both younger and older people exhibit lower detection levels of incoming vehicles. Low noise pavements combined with all-electric and hybrid vehicles might pose a severe threat to the safety of vulnerable road users. All factors interact simultaneously, and vehicle detection is best predicted by the loudness signal-to-noise ratio. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of airfield pavement evenness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pietruszewski, Paweł; Poświata, Adam; Wesołowski, Mariusz

2018-05-01

The evenness of airfield pavements is one of the basic operating parameters, which characterize them. The evenness determines not only comfort of traffic along an airfield pavement, but also influences the size of dynamic effect on the pavement, hence, the safety of air operations. In addition, the evenness condition changing as a result of dynamic loads, adverse weather conditions or inappropriate airfield pavement construction technology, lead to deviations from the desired condition in the form of longitudinal and transverse unevenness. As a result, systematic and correct performance of tests is a very significant and required factor impacting the improvement of traffic safety on airfield pavements. If the data obtained through the measurements are not sufficiently reliable, they may consequently lead to making incorrect decisions, which can ultimately impact the safety of air operations.

Annual asphalt pavement industry survey on recycled materials and warm-mix asphalt usage : 2009-2012.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-12-01

One of the shared goals of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the National Asphalt Pavement Association : (NAPA) is to support and promote sustainable practices such as pavement recycling and warm-mix asphalt (WMA). The use of : recycled m...

Comparison of permeable pavement types : hydrology, design, installation, maintenance and cost.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-01-13

"WisDOTs regional storm water engineer for the Southeast Region is interested in developing a park-and-ride with : porous pavement, possibly with the PaveDrain brand of permeable block. Research was needed to determine how : well permeable pavemen...

Application of high performance concrete in the pavement system : structural response of high performance concrete pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-03-01

Rigid pavements make up a significant percentage of highway systems in the United States and abroad. Concrete pavements provide an economical and durable solution for highway systems, because the pavements last longer and require less maintenance. Re...

Determining changes in greenhouse gas emissions (1990-2010) due to pavement technology.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

This research quantifies the changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy : consumption from WSDOT between 1990 and 2010 associated with (1) using warm mix asphalt : (WMA), reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), fly ash and slag in pavement materi...

Reuse of bituminous pavements: A mini-review of research, regulations and modelling.

PubMed

Anthonissen, Joke; Van den Bergh, Wim; Braet, Johan

2017-04-01

Bituminous pavement can be recycled - even multiple times - by reusing it in new bituminous mixtures. If the mechanical properties of the binder get worse, this reclaimed asphalt is often used in the sub-structure of the road. Apparently, up till now, no end-of-life phase exists for the material. Actually, defining the end-of-life and the end-of-waste stage of a material is important for life cycle assessment modelling. Various standards and scientific studies on modelling life cycle assessment are known, but the crucial stages are not yet defined for reclaimed asphalt pavement. Unlike for iron, steel and aluminium scrap, at this moment, no legislative end-of-waste criteria for aggregates are formulated by the European Commission. More research is necessary in order to develop valuable end-of-life criteria for aggregates. This contribution is a mini-review article of the current regulations, standards and studies concerning end-of-life and end-of-waste of reclaimed asphalt pavement. The existing methodology in order to define end-of-waste criteria, a case study on aggregates and the argumentation used in finished legislative criteria are the basis to clarify some modelling issues for reclaimed asphalt material. Hence, this contribution elucidates the assignment of process environmental impacts to a life cycle stage as defined by EN15804, that is, end-of-life stage (C) and the supplementary information Module D with benefits and loads beyond the system boundary.

Characterizing seasonal variations in pavement material properties for use in a mechanistic-empirical design procedure

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-12-01

Recent advances in flexible pavement design have prompted agencies to move toward the development and use of mechanistic-empirical (M-E) design procedures. This report analyzed seasonal trends in flexible pavement layer moduli to calibrate a M-E desi...

Update to permeable pavement research at the Edison Environmental Center - slides

EPA Science Inventory

Abstract: The EPA’s Urban Watershed Management Branch (UWMB) has been monitoring the permeable pavement demonstration site at the Edison Environmental Center, NJ since 2010. This site has three different types of permeable pavement including: interlocking concrete permeable paver...

Update to Permeable Pavement Research at the Edison Environmental Center - abstract

EPA Science Inventory

Abstract The EPA’s Urban Watershed Management Branch (UWMB) has been monitoring the permeable pavement demonstration site at the Edison Environmental Center, NJ since 2010. This site has three different types of permeable pavement including: interlocking concrete permeable pavers...

Pavement condition model based on automated pavement distress surveys.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2014-05-01

Many government agencies and private consulting companies must deal with the issue of : pavement maintenance. The ability to maintain an in-service pavement structure in : acceptable condition from structural and functional points of view is related ...

Flexible pavement overlay design procedures. Volume 2: User manual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Majidzadeh, K.; Ilves, G. J.

1981-08-01

This user manual outlines a procedure for the design of asphaltic concrete overlays on existing asphaltic concrete pavement surfaces. It is intended as a guide to the user on the type and form of information required as input to the procedure and contains all elements necessary for the user to prepare designs for flexible pavement overlays.

A Review on Using Crumb Rubber in Reinforcement of Asphalt Pavement

PubMed Central

Mashaan, Nuha Salim; Ali, Asim Hassan; Karim, Mohamed Rehan; Abdelaziz, Mahrez

2014-01-01

An immense problem affecting environmental pollution is the increase of waste tyre vehicles. In an attempt to decrease the magnitude of this issue, crumb rubber modifier (CRM) obtained from waste tyre rubber has gained interest in asphalt reinforcement. The use of crumb rubber in the reinforcement of asphalt is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials, and it is believed that crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be an alternative polymer material in improving hot mix asphalt performance properties. In this paper, a critical review on the use of crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement will be presented and discussed. It will also include a review on the effects of CRM on the stiffness, rutting, and fatigue resistance of road pavement construction. PMID:24688369

California state of the pavement report, 1999

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-03-01

This report presents the results of the 1999 Pavement Condition Survey for the State of California. It gives an overview of pavement conditions, vehicle miles traveled on rough pavements, needs classification, and pavement performance. For each of th...

Structural evaluation of asphalt pavements with full-depth reclaimed base.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-12-01

Currently, MnDOT pavement design recommends granular equivalency, GE = 1.0 for non-stabilized full-depth : reclamation (FDR) material, which is equivalent to class 5 material. For stabilized full-depth reclamation (SFDR), : there was no guideline for...

Evaluation of solar-powered raised pavement markers.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-01-01

An evaluation of a limited number of solar-powered raised pavement markers (SRPMs) was conducted to : determine if this type of marker would be more visible than retroreflective markers in some situations on : Oregon highways. SRPMs typically use Lig...

Estimating safety effects of pavement management factors utilizing Bayesian random effect models.

PubMed

Jiang, Ximiao; Huang, Baoshan; Zaretzki, Russell L; Richards, Stephen; Yan, Xuedong

2013-01-01

Previous studies of pavement management factors that relate to the occurrence of traffic-related crashes are rare. Traditional research has mostly employed summary statistics of bidirectional pavement quality measurements in extended longitudinal road segments over a long time period, which may cause a loss of important information and result in biased parameter estimates. The research presented in this article focuses on crash risk of roadways with overall fair to good pavement quality. Real-time and location-specific data were employed to estimate the effects of pavement management factors on the occurrence of crashes. This research is based on the crash data and corresponding pavement quality data for the Tennessee state route highways from 2004 to 2009. The potential temporal and spatial correlations among observations caused by unobserved factors were considered. Overall 6 models were built accounting for no correlation, temporal correlation only, and both the temporal and spatial correlations. These models included Poisson, negative binomial (NB), one random effect Poisson and negative binomial (OREP, ORENB), and two random effect Poisson and negative binomial (TREP, TRENB) models. The Bayesian method was employed to construct these models. The inference is based on the posterior distribution from the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. These models were compared using the deviance information criterion. Analysis of the posterior distribution of parameter coefficients indicates that the pavement management factors indexed by Present Serviceability Index (PSI) and Pavement Distress Index (PDI) had significant impacts on the occurrence of crashes, whereas the variable rutting depth was not significant. Among other factors, lane width, median width, type of terrain, and posted speed limit were significant in affecting crash frequency. The findings of this study indicate that a reduction in pavement roughness would reduce the likelihood of traffic

Precast concrete pavement - systems and performance review

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novak, Josef; Kohoutková, Alena; Křístek, Vladimír; Vodička, Jan

2017-09-01

Long-term traffic restrictions belong to the key disadvantages of conventional cast-in-plane concrete pavements which have been used for technical structures such as roads, parking place and airfield pavements. As a consequence, the pressure is put on the development of such systems which have short construction time, low production costs, long-term durability, low maintenance requirements etc.. The paper presents the first step in the development of an entirely new precast concrete pavement (PCP) system applicable to airfield and highway pavements. The main objective of the review of PCP systems is to acquire a better understanding of the current systems and design methods used for transport infrastructure. There is lack of information on using PCP systems for the construction of entirely new pavements. To most extensive experience is dated back to the 20th century when hexagonal slab panels and system PAG were used in the Soviet Union for the military airfields. Since cast-in-situ pavements became more common, the systems based on precast concrete panels have been mainly utilized for the removal of damaged sections of existing structures including roads, highways etc.. Namely, it concerns Fort Miller Super Slab system, Michigan system, Uretek Stitch system and Kwik system. The presented review indicates several issues associated with the listed PCP systems and their applications to the repair and rehabilitation of existing structures. Among others, the type of manufacturing technology, particularly the position of slots for dowel bars, affects the durability and performance of the systems. Gathered information serve for the development of a new system for airfield and highway pavement construction.

The study of stiffness modulus values for AC-WC pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lubis, AS; Muis, Z. A.; Iskandar, T. D.

2018-02-01

One of the parameters of the asphalt mixture in order for the strength and durability to be achieved as required is the stress-and-strain showing the stiffness of a material. Stiffness modulus is a very necessary factor that will affect the performance of asphalt pavements. If the stiffness modulus value decreases there will be a cause of aging asphalt pavement crack easily when receiving a heavy load. The high stiffness modulus asphalt concrete causes more stiff and resistant to bending. The stiffness modulus value of an asphalt mixture material can be obtained from the theoretical (indirect methods) and laboratory test results (direct methods). For the indirect methods used Brown & Brunton method, and Shell Bitumen method; while for the direct methods used the UMATTA tool. This study aims to determine stiffness modulus values for AC-WC pavement. The tests were conducted in laboratory that used 3 methods, i.e. Brown & Brunton Method, Shell Bitumen Method and Marshall Test as a substitute tool for the UMATTA tool. Hotmix asphalt made from type AC-WC with pen 60/70 using a mixture of optimum bitumen content was 5.84% with a standard temperature variation was 60°C and several variations of temperature that were 30, 40, 50, 70 and 80°C. The stiffness modulus value results obtained from Brown & Brunton Method, Shell Bitumen Method and Marshall Test which were 1374,93 Mpa, 235,45 Mpa dan 254,96 Mpa. The stiffness modulus value decreases with increasing temperature of the concrete asphalt. The stiffness modulus value from the Bitumen Shell method and the Marshall Test has a relatively similar value.The stiffness modulus value from the Brown & Brunton method is greater than the Bitumen Shell method and the Marshall Test, but can not measure the stiffness modulus value at temperature above 80°C.

Mechanical Response Analysis of Long-life Asphalt Pavement Structure of Yunluo High-speed on the Semi-rigid Base

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Feng; Wu, Chuanhai; Xu, Xinquan; Li, Hao; Wang, Zhixiang

2018-01-01

In order to grasp the rule of the strain change of the semi-rigid asphalt pavement structure under the FWD load and provide a reliable theoretical and practical basis for the design of the pavement structure, based on the test section of Guangdong Yunluo expressway, taking FWD as the loading tool, by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, the internal variation rules of each pavement structural layer were obtained. Based on the results of the theoretical analysis, the measured strain sensor was set up in the corresponding layer of the pavement structure, and the strain test plan was determined. Based on the analysis of the strain data obtained from several structural layers and field monitoring, the rationality of the type pavement structure and the strain test scheme were verified, so as to provide useful help for the design and the maintenance of the pavement structure.

Pavement testing facility : effects of tire pressure on flexible pavement response performance

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1989-08-01

The effects of tire pressure on flexible pavement response and performance were evaluated using data from the first phase of research at the Federal Highway Administration's Pavement Testing Facility. The Accelerated Loading Facility testing machine ...

Investigation of Primary Causes of Load-Related Cracking in Asphalt Concrete Pavement in North Carolina

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Hong Joon

This dissertation presents causes of cracking in asphalt concrete pavement in North Carolina through field investigation and laboratory experiments with field extracted material. North Carolina is experiencing higher than anticipated rates of fatigue cracking compared to other state. These higher than expected rates could be reflective of the national trends in mix design practice or could be caused by structural pavement failures. The problems associated with premature cracking in North Carolina pavements point to the need to evaluate the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) mixes, processes, and measures to ensure that these factors properly balance the goals of preventing cracking and minimizing permanent deformation. Without solid data from in-service pavements, any conclusions regarding the causes of these failures might be pure conjecture. Accordingly, this research examines material properties through laboratory experiments using field-extracted materials and investigates in situ pavements and pavement structure. In order to assess condition of existing pavement, alligator cracking index (ACI) was developed. The asphalt content in the top layer that exhibits top-down cracking or bottom-up cracking has a proportional relationship to ACI values. The air void content in a bottom layer that exhibits top-down cracking or bottom-up cracking shows an inverse proportional relationship to ACI values. These observations reflect reasonable results. A comparison between ACI and asphalt film thickness values does not produce noteworthy findings, but somewhat reasonable results are evident once the range of comparison is narrowed down. Thicker film thicknesses show higher ACI values. From field core visual observations, road widening is identified as a major cause of longitudinal cracking. Regions with observed layer interface separation tend to have low ACI values. Through tensile strain simulation based on actual field conditions, it is observed that

Development of cost-effective pavement treatment selection and treatment performance models : research project capsule.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-09-10

The overall goal of this study is to develop pavement treatment performance models in support of the : cost-effective selection of pavement treatment types, project boundaries, and time of treatment. The : development of the proposed models will be b...

Feasibility of reclaimed asphalt pavement as aggregate in portland cement concrete pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-11-01

This research effort was focused on evaluating the feasibility of using minimally processed reclaimed : asphalt pavement (RAP) as aggregate replacement in concrete pavements. This research demonstrated : that concretes with up to 50 percent of the fi...

Extending the life of asphalt pavements (OR09-086A) : part I final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

The goal of this project was to identify common features of good and poorly performing asphalt pavements. The types of asphalt pavements included in the study were grouped into four categories: new construction, crush & shape with HMA surface, mill &...

A pavement Moisture Accelerated Distress (MAD) identification system, volume 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carpenter, S. H.; Darter, M. I.; Dempsey, B. J.

1981-09-01

A users manual is designed which provides the engineer with a rational method of examining a pavement and determining rehabilitation needs that are related to the causes of the existing distress, particularly moisture related distress. The key elements in this procedure are the MAD Index developed in Volume 1, the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and the Moisture Distress Index (MDI). Step by step procedures are presented for calculating each parameter. Complete distress identification manuals are included for asphalt surfaced highways and jointed reinforced concrete highways with pictures and descriptions of all major distress types. Descriptions of the role moisture plays in the development of each distress type are included.

Investigation of the use of resilient modulus for Louisiana soils in the design of pavements: final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1994-06-01

The 1986 AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures has adopted the use of resilient modulus (M,) as a fundamental proponent to characterize flexible pavement materials. The resilient modulus is defmed as the ratio of the repeated axial devia...

Pervious concrete mix optimization for sustainable pavement solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barišić, Ivana; Galić, Mario; Netinger Grubeša, Ivanka

2017-10-01

In order to fulfill requirements of sustainable road construction, new materials for pavement construction are investigated with the main goal to preserve natural resources and achieve energy savings. One of such sustainable pavement material is pervious concrete as a new solution for low volume pavements. To accommodate required strength and porosity as the measure of appropriate drainage capability, four mixtures of pervious concrete are investigated and results of laboratory tests of compressive and flexural strength and porosity are presented. For defining the optimal pervious concrete mixture in a view of aggregate and financial savings, optimization model is utilized and optimal mixtures defined according to required strength and porosity characteristics. Results of laboratory research showed that comparing single-sized aggregate pervious concrete mixtures, coarse aggregate mixture result in increased porosity but reduced strengths. The optimal share of the coarse aggregate turn to be 40.21%, the share of fine aggregate is 49.79% for achieving required compressive strength of 25 MPa, flexural strength of 4.31 MPa and porosity of 21.66%.

An approach to the usage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste as roadway pavement material.

PubMed

Gürü, Metin; Çubuk, M Kürşat; Arslan, Deniz; Farzanian, S Ali; Bilici, İbrahim

2014-08-30

This study investigates an application area for Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle waste which has become an environmental problem in recent decades as being a considerable part of the total plastic waste bulk. Two novel additive materials, namely Thin Liquid Polyol PET (TLPP) and Viscous Polyol PET (VPP), were chemically derived from waste PET bottles and used to modify the base asphalt separately for this aim. The effects of TLPP and VPP on the asphalt and hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture properties were detected through conventional tests (Penetration, Softening Point, Ductility, Marshall Stability, Nicholson Stripping) and Superpave methods (Rotational Viscosity, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR)). Also, chemical structures were described by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) techniques. Since TLPP and VPP were determined to improve the low temperature performance and fatigue resistance of the asphalt as well as the Marshall Stability and stripping resistance of the HMA mixtures based on the results of the applied tests, the usage of PET waste as an asphalt roadway pavement material offers an alternative and a beneficial way of disposal of this ecologically hazardous material. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fatigue performance of asphalt pavements containing RAS and RAP.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-01-01

Rising oil and gas prices spurs development of methods and technologies for reducing fuel consumption and increased use of : recycled materials. With increased environmental awareness, using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and reclaimed asphalt : sh...

MoDOT pavement preservation research program volume III, development of pavement family and treatment performance models.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-10-01

Pavement performance models describe the deterioration behavior of pavements. They are essential in a pavement management : system if the goal is to make more objective, reliable, and cost-effective decisions regarding the timing and nature of paveme...

Global warming potential of pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santero, Nicholas J.; Horvath, Arpad

2009-09-01

Pavements comprise an essential and vast infrastructure system supporting our transportation network, yet their impact on the environment is largely unquantified. Previous life-cycle assessments have only included a limited number of the applicable life-cycle components in their analysis. This research expands the current view to include eight different components: materials extraction and production, transportation, onsite equipment, traffic delay, carbonation, lighting, albedo, and rolling resistance. Using global warming potential as the environmental indicator, ranges of potential impact for each component are calculated and compared based on the information uncovered in the existing research. The relative impacts between components are found to be orders of magnitude different in some cases. Context-related factors, such as traffic level and location, are also important elements affecting the impacts of a given component. A strategic method for lowering the global warming potential of a pavement is developed based on the concept that environmental performance is improved most effectively by focusing on components with high impact potentials. This system takes advantage of the fact that small changes in high-impact components will have more effect than large changes in low-impact components.

Update to permeable pavement research at the Edison ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Abstract: The EPA’s Urban Watershed Management Branch (UWMB) has been monitoring the permeable pavement demonstration site at the Edison Environmental Center, NJ since 2010. This site has three different types of permeable pavement including: interlocking concrete permeable pavers; porous concrete; and permeable asphalt. The parking lot is instrumented with water content reflectometers and thermistors for continuous monitoring and has four lined sections for each surface to capture permeable pavement infiltrate for water quality analyses.Previous technical releases concerning the demonstration site focused on monitoring techniques, observed chloride and nutrient concentrations, and infiltration and evaporation rates. Thispresentation summarizes past findings and addresses current water quality efforts. This presentation summarizes past findings and addresses current water quality efforts.

Evaluation of various hot mix asphalt pavement thicknesses over rubblized concrete pavement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-07-01

In 1999, the Wisconsin DOT constructed two test sections as part of a rubblized PCC pavement project on I-39 to evaluate whether : increased HMA thickness could extend the pavement system's service life. Design thicknesses of the control and test sec...

Tactile pavement for guiding walking direction: An assessment of heading direction and gait stability.

PubMed

Pluijter, Nanda; de Wit, Lieke P W; Bruijn, Sjoerd M; Plaisier, Myrthe A

2015-10-01

For maintaining heading direction while walking we heavily rely on vision. Therefore, walking in the absence of vision or with visual attention directed elsewhere potentially leads to dangerous situations. Here we investigated whether tactile information from the feet can be used as a (partial) substitute for vision in maintaining a stable heading direction. If so, participants should be better able to keep a constant heading direction on tactile pavement that indicates directionality than on regular flat pavement. However, such a pavement may also be destabilizing. Thus we asked participants to walk straight ahead on regular pavement, and on tactile pavement (tiles with ridges along the walking direction) while varying the amount of vision. We assessed the effects of the type of pavement as well as the amount of vision on the variability of the heading direction as well as gait stability. Both of these measures were calculated from accelerations and angular velocities recorded from a smartphone attached to the participants trunk. Results showed that on tactile pavement participants had a less variations in their heading direction than on regular pavement. The drawback, however, was that the tactile pavement used in this study decreased gait stability. In sum, tactile pavement can be used as a partial substitute for vision in maintaining heading direction, but it can also decrease gait stability. Future work should focus on designing tactile pavement that does provided directional clues, but is less destabilizing. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of full depth asphaltic concrete pavements : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1982-10-01

the aim of this study was to evaluate the full depth asphaltic concrete pavement design concept by observing the performance characteristics of two 13-inch pavements constructed in 1970. Pavement performance measurements, over an 11-year period, incl...

Evaluation of reclaimed asphalt pavement for surface mixtures.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-03-01

The Indiana Department of Transportation has successfully used Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) for decades because of its economic : and environmental benefits. Because of uncertainties regarding the types of aggregates contained in RAP and their re...

Performance of warranted asphalt pavements : smoothness and performance of Indiana warranted asphalt pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-06-01

In the early 1990s the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) developed a five-year warranty specification for asphalt pavements : with the first project being built in 1996. In 2004, results indicated that the asphalt pavements built with the ...

The effect of cracking on the deflection basin of flexible pavements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Omar, Hadi Mohamed

Because of the rapid development of hardware and software during the past decade, it is now possible to use an analytical-empirical (or mechanistic) method of structural pavement evaluation on a routine basis. One reason for using this approach is the increased need for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. To make the right choice from many potentially feasible maintenance and rehabilitation measures, the engineer must base his decision on a rational evaluation of the mechanical properties of the materials in the existing pavement structure. One of the parameters in terms of pavement response are the deflections; these are of interest to this particular study. The Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) has been developed specifically for the purpose of obtaining deflection measurements in order to determine the in-situ elastic moduli. The profile of the deflection at the surface of the pavement is known as the deflection basin, because it resembles a bowl-shaped depression. The magnitude of the deflections and the basin shape are functions of the number of layers making up the pavement cross section, their thicknesses, and their moduli values. A variety of multi-layered linear elastic pavement models are available for use at this present time. A general-purpose finite-element program called ANSYS developed by Swanson Analysis System is very powerful and is capable of solving a layered system such as the pavement. A finite element model was developed to study the effect of the crack on the predicted deflection bowls. A general-purpose finite-element program was used in this study due to its ability to solve this problem and because of the availability of the program. A hypothetical crack problem was assumed and modeled in different ways. The crack depth, crack width, and distance of the crack from the loading point were among the many parameters that were investigated. Considering the shape of the deflection basin, it is very important to study the effect of the

Development of a Pavement Maintenance Management System. Volume 9. Development of Airfield Pavement Performance Prediction Models.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-01

materials, traffic, and climate, were used to develop PCI and key distress prediction models for both asphalt-concrete- and jointed-concrete- surfaced...Predicted PCI for PCC and AC/PCC Pavements Using Model Presented in Section III ...... 35 31 Effect of PCC Thickness on the PCI as a Function of Age...of Corner Breaking Observed vs Predicted Percent of Corner Breaking Using Model Presented in Section III

Perform an investigation of the effects of increased reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) levels in dense graded friction courses.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-04-01

In this study, a total of 28 mixture combinations were designed and evaluated to : determine the maximum allowable amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) : material in friction courses without jeopardizing pavement cracking performance. The : exp...

High calcium fly ash geopolymer stabilized lateritic soil and granulated blast furnace slag blends as a pavement base material.

PubMed

Phummiphan, Itthikorn; Horpibulsuk, Suksun; Rachan, Runglawan; Arulrajah, Arul; Shen, Shui-Long; Chindaprasirt, Prinya

2018-01-05

Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS) was used as a replacement material in marginal lateritic soil (LS) while class C Fly Ash (FA) was used as a precursor for the geopolymerization process to develop a low-carbon pavement base material at ambient temperature. Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) tests were performed to investigate the strength development of geopolymer stabilized LS/GBFS blends. Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Diffraction analysis were undertaken to examine the role of the various influencing factors on UCS development. The influencing factors studied included GBFS content, Na 2 SiO 3 :NaOH ratio (NS:NH) and curing time. The 7-day soaked UCS of FA geopolymer stabilized LS/GBFS blends at various NS:NH ratios tested was found to satisfy the specifications of the Thailand national road authorities. The GBFS replacement was found to be insignificant for the improvement of the UCS of FA geopolymer stabilized LS/GBFS blends at low NS:NH ratio of 50:50. Microstructural analysis indicated the coexistence of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) and Sodium Alumino Silicate Hydrate products in FA geopolymer stabilized LS/GBFS blends. This research enables GBFS, which is traditionally considered as a waste material, to be used as a replacement and partially reactive material in FA geopolymer pavement applications. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Anisotropy on the Resilient Behaviour of a Granular Material in Low Traffic Pavement

PubMed Central

Jing, Peng; Nowamooz, Hossein; Chazallon, Cyrille

2017-01-01

Granular materials are often used in pavement structures. The influence of anisotropy on the mechanical behaviour of granular materials is very important. The coupled effects of water content and fine content usually lead to more complex anisotropic behaviour. With a repeated load triaxial test (RLTT), it is possible to measure the anisotropic deformation behaviour of granular materials. This article initially presents an experimental study of the resilient repeated load response of a compacted clayey natural sand with three fine contents and different water contents. Based on anisotropic behaviour, the non-linear resilient model (Boyce model) is improved by the radial anisotropy coefficient γ3 instead of the axial anisotropy coefficient γ1. The results from both approaches (γ1 and γ3) are compared with the measured volumetric and deviatoric responses. These results confirm the capacity of the improved model to capture the general trend of the experiments. Finally, finite element calculations are performed with CAST3M in order to validate the improvement of the modified Boyce model (from γ1 to γ3). The modelling results indicate that the modified Boyce model with γ3 is more widely available in different water contents and different fine contents for this granular material. Besides, based on the results, the coupled effects of water content and fine content on the deflection of the structures can also be observed. PMID:29207504

Effect of Anisotropy on the Resilient Behaviour of a Granular Material in Low Traffic Pavement.

PubMed

Jing, Peng; Nowamooz, Hossein; Chazallon, Cyrille

2017-12-03

Granular materials are often used in pavement structures. The influence of anisotropy on the mechanical behaviour of granular materials is very important. The coupled effects of water content and fine content usually lead to more complex anisotropic behaviour. With a repeated load triaxial test (RLTT), it is possible to measure the anisotropic deformation behaviour of granular materials. This article initially presents an experimental study of the resilient repeated load response of a compacted clayey natural sand with three fine contents and different water contents. Based on anisotropic behaviour, the non-linear resilient model (Boyce model) is improved by the radial anisotropy coefficient γ ₃ instead of the axial anisotropy coefficient γ ₁. The results from both approaches ( γ ₁ and γ ₃) are compared with the measured volumetric and deviatoric responses. These results confirm the capacity of the improved model to capture the general trend of the experiments. Finally, finite element calculations are performed with CAST3M in order to validate the improvement of the modified Boyce model (from γ ₁ to γ ₃). The modelling results indicate that the modified Boyce model with γ ₃ is more widely available in different water contents and different fine contents for this granular material. Besides, based on the results, the coupled effects of water content and fine content on the deflection of the structures can also be observed.

Advanced Pavement Design: Finite Element Modeling for Rigid Pavement Joints, Report II: Model Development

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-03-01

The contribution of a cement-stabilized base course to the strength of the rigid pavement structure is poorly understood. The objective of this research was to obtain data on the response of the rigid pavement slab-joint-foundation system by conducti...

A review of nanoclay applications in the pervious concrete pavement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shakrani, Shahrul Azwan; Ayob, Afizah; Rahim, Mohd Asri Ab

2017-09-01

In recent years, the use of nanoclay has received various interests in order to enhance the properties of construction materials which can also be eligible for pavement technology and engineering application. This review paper summarizes the effect of nanoclay as cement replacement and additive to the performance of pervious concrete pavement. The addition of nanoclay to pervious concrete has demonstrated improvements in strength properties such as compressive and flexural strength, durability such as freeze-thaw and chloride penetration resistance, shrinkage, and denser microstructure but at the same time reduced the porosity, permeability and water absorption properties. This enhancement is due to the roles of nanoclay as nanoreinforcements, nanofillers, nucleation site, and reactive pozzolans in order to promote hydration and improve material properties.

Mobile geographic information system (GIS) solution for pavement condition surveys.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-06-28

This report discusses the design and implementation of a software-based solution that will improve the data collection processes during the Pavement Condition Surveys (PCS) conducted by the State Materials Office (SMO) of the Florida Department of Tr...

Texas flexible pavements and overlays : calibration plans for M-E models and related software.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-06-01

This five-year project was initiated to collect materials and pavement performance data on a minimum of 100 highway test sections around the State of Texas, incorporating flexible pavements and overlays. Besides being used to calibrate and validate m...

23 CFR 970.208 - Federal lands pavement management system (PMS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). 970.208... Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). In addition to the requirements provided in § 970.204, the..., surface type, or other criteria the NPS deems appropriate. (c) The PMS shall be designed to fit the NPS...

23 CFR 970.208 - Federal lands pavement management system (PMS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). 970.208... Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). In addition to the requirements provided in § 970.204, the..., surface type, or other criteria the NPS deems appropriate. (c) The PMS shall be designed to fit the NPS...

23 CFR 970.208 - Federal lands pavement management system (PMS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). 970.208... Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). In addition to the requirements provided in § 970.204, the..., surface type, or other criteria the NPS deems appropriate. (c) The PMS shall be designed to fit the NPS...

23 CFR 970.208 - Federal lands pavement management system (PMS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). 970.208... Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). In addition to the requirements provided in § 970.204, the..., surface type, or other criteria the NPS deems appropriate. (c) The PMS shall be designed to fit the NPS...

23 CFR 970.208 - Federal lands pavement management system (PMS).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). 970.208... Federal lands pavement management system (PMS). In addition to the requirements provided in § 970.204, the..., surface type, or other criteria the NPS deems appropriate. (c) The PMS shall be designed to fit the NPS...

Application of high performance concrete in the pavement system : structural response of high performance concrete pavement : executive summary.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

Rigid pavements make up a significant percentage of highway systems in the United States and abroad. Concrete pavements provide an economical and durable solution for highway systems, because the pavements last longer and require less maintenance. Re...

Optimization and standardization of pavement management processes.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-08-01

This report addresses issues related to optimization and standardization of current pavement management processes in Kentucky. Historical pavement management records were analyzed, which indicates that standardization is necessary in future pavement ...

Prediction of pavement remaining service life based on repetition of load and permanent deformation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Usman, R. S.; Setyawan, A.; Suprapto, M.

2018-03-01

One of the methods which was applied in the assessment of flexible pavement performance was mechanistic method assuming structures of road pavement to become multi-layer structure for flexible pavement, that the vehicle load working on the pavement layer under repetition with power failure worth 1 (one) unit which was assumed as evenly distributed static load, and therefore the pavement material would provide response in the form of stress, strain, and deflection. This is closely related in order to assess the structure of flexible pavement and to predict the remaining service life on the roads of Pulau Indah sta 0 + 000 to sta. 0 + 845 in Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. The performance appraisal indicator which was used was fatigue cracking happening bottom of the asphalt layer and permanent deformation (rutting) on the surface of subgrade. The strain estimate on the flexible pavement layer structure needs carefulness and high accuracy and therefore a software like KENPAVE which produces horizontal tensile strain of 8,802E-05 and vertical compressive strain of 2,642E-04 was used. By applying equation of The Asphalt Instituteit was obtained repetition of permit load when reaching fatigue cracking (Nf) was 16.071.516 ESAL and permanent deformation (rutting) was 14.703.867 ESAL and also it was predicted the remaining service life of pavement applied the equation of AASTHO 1993 by considering Traffic Multiplier factor (TM 1.8, TM 1.9 and TM 2.0) obtained the remaining life service due to fatigue of 5.51% in the year of 13th (TM 1.8), 7.95% in the year of12th (TM 1.9) and 3.11% (TM 2.0) in the year of 12th, also the remaining service life due to rutting of 4.69% in the year of 12th(TM 1.8), 7.79% in the year of 11th (TM 1.9), and 2.94 in the year of 11th (TM 2.0).

A new structure of permeable pavement for mitigating urban heat island.

PubMed

Liu, Yong; Li, Tian; Peng, Hangyu

2018-09-01

The urban heat island (UHI) effect has been a great threat to human habitation, and how to mitigate this problem has been a global concern over decades. This paper addresses the cooling effect of a novel permeable pavement called evaporation-enhancing permeable pavement, which has capillary columns in aggregate and a liner at the bottom. To explore the efficiency of mitigating the UHI, bench-scale permeable pavement units with capillary columns were developed and compared with conventional permeable pavement. Criteria of capillary capacities of the column, evaporation rates, and surface temperature of the pavements were monitored under simulated rainfall and Shanghai local weather conditions. Results show the capillary column was important in increasing evaporation by lifting water from the bottom to the surface, and the evaporation-enhancing permeable pavement was cooler than a conventional permeable pavement by as much as 9.4°C during the experimental period. Moreover, the cooling effect of the former pavement could persist more than seven days under the condition of no further rainfall. Statistical analysis result reveals that evaporation-enhancing permeable pavement can mitigate the UHI effect significantly more than a conventional permeable pavement. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Existing pavement input information for the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-02-01

The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the Iowa Department of Transportations (DOTs) existing Pavement Management Information System (PMIS) with respect to the input information required for Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Des...

Implementation of mechanistic pavement design : field and laboratory implementation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-12-01

One of the most important parameters needed for 2002 Mechanistic Pavement Design Guide is the dynamic modulus (E*). : The dynamic modulus (E*) describes the relationship between stress and strain for a linear viscoelastic material. The E* is the : pr...

Use of nonwoven geotextiles as interlayers in concrete pavement systems.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-01

This document describes the potential use of nonwoven geotextile materials as interlayers in concrete pavement systems, particularly unbonded overlays, in the United States. It briefly discusses Germanys experience, availability and cost of nonwov...

Alternate bidding strategies for asphalt and concrete pavement projects utilizing life cycle cost analysis (LCCA).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-07-01

Recent changes in pavement materials costs have impacted the competitive environment relative to the : determination of the most cost effective pavement structure for a specific highway project. In response, State : highway agencies have renewed thei...

Experimental flexible pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1971-01-01

A program of construction and the performance evaluation of three major Virginia experimental flexible pavements is reported. The objective of the program was to evaluate the performance of pavements incorporating new or timely design concepts and to...

Material Testing and Initial Pavement Design Modeling: Minnesota Road Research Project

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-09-01

Between January 1990 and December 1994, a study verified and applied a Corps of Engineers-developed mechanistic design and evaluation method for pavements in seasonal frost areas as part of a Construction Productivity Advancement Research (CPAR) proj...

Evaluation of double drop beads pavement edge lines.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

This report presents an evaluation of Double Drop Bead (DDB) edge lines used on ALDOT-maintained highways. It compares DDB to three other pavement marking types in terms of service lives, life-cycle costs, and both dry-night retroreflectivity and wet...

AN OPTIMAL MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR AIRPORT CONCRETE PAVEMENT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shimomura, Taizo; Fujimori, Yuji; Kaito, Kiyoyuki; Obama, Kengo; Kobayashi, Kiyoshi

In this paper, an optimal management model is formulated for the performance-based rehabilitation/maintenance contract for airport concrete pavement, whereby two types of life cycle cost risks, i.e., ground consolidation risk and concrete depreciation risk, are explicitly considered. The non-homogenous Markov chain model is formulated to represent the deterioration processes of concrete pavement which are conditional upon the ground consolidation processes. The optimal non-homogenous Markov decision model with multiple types of risk is presented to design the optimal rehabilitation/maintenance plans. And the methodology to revise the optimal rehabilitation/maintenance plans based upon the monitoring data by the Bayesian up-to-dating rules. The validity of the methodology presented in this paper is examined based upon the case studies carried out for the H airport.

Evaluation of pavement marking performance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-06-01

The objective of the investigation was to evaluate the useful life of pavement markings. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) provides general guidelines for the application and installation of pavement markings. However, performance...

Use of reclaimed asphalt pavement in concrete pavement slabs.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-10-01

This study evaluated the feasibiltiy of using RAP as aggregate replacement in concrete for use in pavement. Four different RAPs from FDOT approved RAP sources were used. Concrete mixtures with 0%, 20%, 40%, 70%, and 100% aggregate replacement by RAP ...

Continuously reinforced concrete pavement inventory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Halverson, A. D.; Hagen, M. G.

1982-09-01

A typical concrete pavement has expansion and contraction joints across and along the pavement surface. The joints allow the pavement to change in dimension with changes in temperature. A continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) does not have expansion or contraction joints. Random, closely spaced cracks are expected to develop naturally and allow for expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. The many random cracks eliminate expensive joint maintenance. This maintenance-free service life feature has not occurred in Minnesota. This CRCP inventory is a physical evaluation of the extent of corrosion on random sections of pavement. It is related to concurrent efforts which will evaluate CRCP rehabilitation techniques.

PERFORMANCE-BASED CONTRACTING IN CONSTRUCTION PHASE AND MAINTENANCE PHASE OF PAVEMENT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yoshida, Takeshi

Performance-based contracting for pavement in Japan started as performance warranties in construction phase, in 1999. Recently, road agencies have recognized the applicability of this type of contracting in outsourcing of maintenance activities. The objectives of this study are to clarify the issues of performance specifying in construction phase and maintenance phase of pavement, and to propose measures to be taken. This paper, with the recognition that the life of each pavement depends on performance standards for various attributes, reviews domestic and foreign examples of performance-based contracting. A performance standard based on the average of current practices can enhance product quality and service life with a warranty contract. Repair thresholds and response time for each deficiency should be considered as performance standards in maintenance phase.

A preliminary study of mechanistic approach in pavement design to accommodate climate change effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harnaeni, S. R.; Pramesti, F. P.; Budiarto, A.; Setyawan, A.

2018-03-01

Road damage is caused by some factors, including climate changes, overload, and inappropriate procedure for material and development process. Meanwhile, climate change is a phenomenon which cannot be avoided. The effects observed include air temperature rise, sea level rise, rainfall changes, and the intensity of extreme weather phenomena. Previous studies had shown the impacts of climate changes on road damage. Therefore, several measures to anticipate the damage should be considered during the planning and construction in order to reduce the cost of road maintenance. There are three approaches generally applied in the design of flexible pavement thickness, namely mechanistic approach, mechanistic-empirical (ME) approach and empirical approach. The advantages of applying mechanistic approach or mechanistic-empirical (ME) approaches are its efficiency and reliability in the design of flexible pavement thickness as well as its capacity to accommodate climate changes in compared to empirical approach. However, generally, the design of flexible pavement thickness in Indonesia still applies empirical approach. This preliminary study aimed to emphasize the importance of the shifting towards a mechanistic approach in the design of flexible pavement thickness.

Layer moduli of Nebraska pavements for the new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG).

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

As a step-wise implementation effort of the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for the design : and analysis of Nebraska flexible pavement systems, this research developed a database of layer moduli dynamic : modulus, creep compl...

Best practices for architectural pavement treatments : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-03-01

Architectural Pavement Treatments are special treatments applied to pavements to enhance the aesthetic : character of the pavement and the surrounding environs in which they are applied. They achieve this objective : by imparting special colors and/o...

Stress Regression Analysis of Asphalt Concrete Deck Pavement Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design and Interlayer Contact

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Xuntao; Feng, Jianhu; Wang, Hu; Hong, Shidi; Zheng, Supei

2018-03-01

A three-dimensional finite element box girder bridge and its asphalt concrete deck pavement were established by ANSYS software, and the interlayer bonding condition of asphalt concrete deck pavement was assumed to be contact bonding condition. Orthogonal experimental design is used to arrange the testing plans of material parameters, and an evaluation of the effect of different material parameters in the mechanical response of asphalt concrete surface layer was conducted by multiple linear regression model and using the results from the finite element analysis. Results indicated that stress regression equations can well predict the stress of the asphalt concrete surface layer, and elastic modulus of waterproof layer has a significant influence on stress values of asphalt concrete surface layer.

Study of Georgia's pavement deterioration/life and potential risks of delayed pavement resurfacing and rehabilitation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-08-01

Georgia has continuously been rated as one of the states with the smoothest pavements in the United States because the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) has established a standardized pavement condition evaluation system (PACES) for consist...

Evaluation of Procedures for Backcalculation of Airfield Pavement Moduli

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-01

to develop pavement design and structural evaluation criteria, procedures, and software to ensure that its airfield pavements can support mission...aircraft. As tire pressures and aircraft weights have increased steadily during this time, the design and evaluation software– Pavement -Transportation...the remaining life for the pavement in terms of remaining pavement life (passes-to-failure) or allowable gross aircraft loads and also to design

Evaluation of experimental flexible pavements : interim report no. 1, construction of Altavista Bypass experimental pavement.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-01-01

Deflection tests conducted during the construction and shortly after the completion of a large experimental pavement project are reported. Four different pavement designs, as follows, are compared: 1. 6-inch cement stabilized subgrade, 6-inch crushed...

Wordburn hot in-plant asphalt pavement recycling project : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1992-05-01

In 1977, the Oregon Department of Transportation constructed a demonstration project using approximately 47,000 tons of stockpiled asphalt concrete (AC) material to overlay a section of pavement in Oregon. The stockpiled AC material was hot in-plant ...

Estimation of Asphalt Pavement Life

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-01-01

The milling of asphalt concrete (AC) pavement surface refers to the mechanical removal of a part of the pavement surface. The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) and the Kansas Turnpike Authority (KTA) routinely mill the surfaces of some AC pa...