General U(1)×U(1) F-theory compactifications and beyond: geometry of unHiggsings and novel matter structure

DOE PAGES

Cvetic, Mirjam; Klevers, Denis; Piragua, Hernan; ...

2015-11-30

We construct the general form of an F-theory compactification with two U(1) factors based on a general elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifold with Mordell-Weil group of rank two. This construction produces broad classes of models with diverse matter spectra, including many that are not realized in earlier F-theory constructions with U(1)×U(1) gauge symmetry. Generic U(1)×U(1) models can be related to a Higgsed non-Abelian model with gauge group SU(2)×SU(2)×SU(3), SU(2) 3×SU(3), or a subgroup thereof. The nonlocal horizontal divisors of the Mordell-Weil group are replaced with local vertical divisors associated with the Cartan generators of non-Abelian gauge groups from Kodaira singularities. Wemore » give a global resolution of codimension two singularities of the Abelian model; we identify the full anomaly free matter content, and match it to the unHiggsed non-Abelian model. The non-Abelian Weierstrass model exhibits a new algebraic description of the singularities in the fibration that results in the first explicit construction of matter in the symmetric representation of SU(3). This matter is realized on double point singularities of the discriminant locus. In conclusion, the construction suggests a generalization to U(1) k factors with k > 2, which can be studied by Higgsing theories with larger non-Abelian gauge groups.« less

[Influence of macrophages on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor mRNA, homeobox B2 mRNA, and integrin alpha nu beta3 in vascular endothelial strain].

PubMed

Liu, Liang; Liu, Chang; Zhang, Xiao-qi; Ming, Jia; Liu, Xu-sheng; Xu, Hui; Cheng, Tian-min

2005-06-01

To investigate the influence of macrophages on the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (KDR) mRNA, homeobox B2 (HOXB2) mRNA, and integrin alpha nu beta3 in vitro in vascular endothelial strain. Human umbilical vein cells (ECV304) were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups, i.e. (1) ECV304 group, (2) ECV304 + conA group [with conA (25 microg/ml in culture) added to ECV304], (3) ECV304 + U937 group (with 1 x 10(5)/ml of U937 cells added to 1 x 10(5)/ml ECV 304), (4) ECV304 + U937 + conA group [with 1 x 10(5)/ml of U937 cells and conA (25 microg/ml in culture)] groups. Forty-eight hours after culturing, the expression of integrin receptor alpha nu beta3 and the changes in the expression of KDR mRNA and HOXB2 mRNA in each group were determined by immunofluorescent technique and RT-PCR, respectively. The expression of integrin receptor alpha nu beta3, KDR mRNA, and HOXB2 mRNA in ECV304 group were 6.7 +/- 1.5, 0.633 +/- 0.012, and 0.674 +/- 0.004, respectively, while those in ECV304 + U937 + conA group (10.2 +/- 1.7, 0.879 +/- 0.003, 0.947 +/- 0.003) were obviously more upregulated when compared with those in ECV304 group (P < 0.01). No difference in the above indices was found between ECV304 and ECV304 + conA, ECV304 + U937 groups (P > 0.05). Macrophages activated by ConA can accelerate the proliferation, migration and adhesion to the basement membrane matrix of vascular endothelial cells through the influence on the expression of KDR mRNA, HOXB2 mRNA and integrin alpha nu beta3, and through this pathway the angiogenesis is modulated.

Clinical usefulness of ursodeoxycholic acid for Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis

PubMed Central

Torisu, Yuichi; Nakano, Masanori; Takano, Keiko; Nakagawa, Ryo; Saeki, Chisato; Hokari, Atsushi; Ishikawa, Tomohisa; Saruta, Masayuki; Zeniya, Mikio

2017-01-01

AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). METHODS A total 136 patients who were diagnosed with AIH were included in our study. All of the patients underwent a liver biopsy, and had at least a probable diagnosis on the basis of either the revised scoring system or the simplified scores. Initial treatment included UDCA monotherapy (Group U, n = 48) and prednisolone (PSL) monotherapy (Group P, n = 88). Group U was further classified into two subgroups according to the effect of UDCA: Patients who had achieved remission induction with UDCA monotherapy and showed no sign of relapse (Subgroup U1, n = 34) and patients who additionally received PSL during follow-up (Subgroup U2, n = 14). We compared the clinical and histological findings between each groups, and investigated factors contributing to the response to UDCA monotherapy. RESULTS In Group U, 34 patients (71%) achieved and maintained remission over 49 (range: 8-90) mo (Subgroup U1) and 14 patients (29%) additionally received PSL (Subgroup U2) during follow-up. Two patients in Subgroup U2 achieved remission induction once but additionally required PSL administration because of relapse (15 and 35 mo after the start of treatment). The remaining 12 patients in Subgroup U2 failed to achieve remission induction during follow-up, and PSL was added during 7 (range: 2-18) mo. Compared with Subgroup U2, Subgroup U1 had significantly lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at onset (124 IU/L vs 262 IU/L, P = 0.023) and a significantly higher proportion of patients with mild inflammation (A1) on histological examination (70.6% vs 35.7%, P = 0.025). When multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors contributing to the response to UDCA monotherapy, only a serum ALT level of 200 IU/L or lower was found to be associated with a significant difference (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION To prevent adverse events related to corticosteroids, UDCA monotherapy for AIH needs to be considered in patients with a serum ALT level of 200 IU/L or lower. PMID:28105259

[Inhibitory effects of silymarin on hepatic fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine: experiment with rats].

PubMed

Zhao, Xin-yan; Wang, Bao-en; Wang, Tai-ling; Li, Xin-min

2006-09-26

To investigate the antifibrotic effects of silymarin on hepatic fibrosis. Sixty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (15 rats); DMN model group (23 rats), injected intraperitoneally with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) 10 mg/kg twice per week for 8 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis; and silymarin group (23 rats), injected intraperitoneally with DMN and given silymarin 50 mg/kg by gastric gavage daily for 8 weeks. Eight weeks late all rats were sacrificed. Blood samples were collected to measure the alanine transaminase (ALT), aspirate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, and total bilirubin (TBIL). The hydroxyproline (Hyp) content in the liver tissue was measured. The histopathological changes as well as the fibrosis stages and score were examined by microscopy. The levels of ALT, AST, and TBIL of the silymarin groups were 59 U/L +/- 19 U/L, 159 U/L +/- 39 U/L, and mean rank 24 respectively, all significantly lower than those of the DMN model group (128 U/L +/- 25 U/L, 246 U/L +/- 61 U/L, and mean rank 37 respectively, P < 0.01, P = 0.001, and P = 0.003). Compared with DMN rats, the level of Hyp of the silymarin was lower by 42.6%, the hepatic score of the silymarin was 6.2 +/- 2.4, significantly than that of the DMN model group (12.8 +/- 4.4, P = 0.001), and more cases in the silymarin group were at the lower stages. Silymarin markedly inhibits and reverse the progression of hepatic fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine.

[Skin sensitization of 3, 4-bis (4'-aminofurazano-3') furoxan in mice evaluated by BrdU-ELISA local lymph node assay].

PubMed

Wang, H; Gao, J H; Liu, Z Y; Yue, H; Gao, Y C; Xue, Z; Zhang, Z Z; Zhou, Y S

2016-08-20

Objective: To investigate skin sensitization of 3, 4-bis (4'-aminofurazano-3') furoxan (DATF) in mice using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BrdU-ELISA) . Methods: A total of 30 specific pathogen-free BALB/C mice were randomly divided into high-, medium-, and low-dose DATF groups, positive control group, and solvent control group, with six mice in each group. The mice in the high-, medium-, and low-dose DATF groups were treated with 50%, 25%, and 10% (0.5, 0.25, and 0.10 g/ml) DATF solution, those in the positive control group were treated with 1% 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzol (DNCB) , and those in the solvent control group were treated with acetone/olive oil (4∶1) . After treatment, retroauricular lymph nodes were collected and cell suspension was prepared. ELISA was used to measure the level of cell proliferation after the addition of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) , and the BrdU labeling index (LI) and test substance concentration at a stimulation index (SI) of 1.6 (EC 1.6 ) were calculated. Results: There were no significant differences in auricular thickness between groups ( P >0.05) , and DAFT did not have skin irritation. Compared with the solvent control group, the high-dose DATF group and the positive control group showed significant increases in the weight of lymph nodes ( P <0.05) . Compared with the solvent control group, all the other groups showed significant increases in BrdU LI ( P <0.01) . The low-, medium-, and high-dose DATF groups had SIs of 6.1, 8.8, and 12.1, respectively, and the EC 1.6 of DATF was 2.2%, which suggested that DATF had strong sensitization. Conclusion: DATF has strong skin sensitization in mice, with reference to the guideline of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Item No. 442B (OECD TG 442B) .

Relationship between serum TNF activity and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with naturally occurring fatty liver.

PubMed

Ohtsuka, H; Koiwa, M; Hatsugaya, A; Kudo, K; Hoshi, F; Itoh, N; Yokota, H; Okada, H; Kawamura, S

2001-09-01

To clarity the relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and insulin resistance in dairy cows affected with fatty liver, naturally occurring cases were investigated. The affected cows were classified into following three groups according to histopathologic findings of the liver: mild fat droplet deposition (group 1; n=11), severe fat droplet deposition (group 2; n=10), and cloudy swelling (group 3; n=8). Serum TNF activities in Group 2 (8.67 +/- 2.16 U/ml) and Group 3 (11.65 +/- 1.92 U/ml) were significantly higher than that in Group 1 (3.57 +/- 0.81 U/ml) (p<0.05). The insulin-tolerance tests showed that the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rates (GDR) in Group 2 (27.6 +/- 7.8%) and Group 3 (15.8 +/- 9.1%) were significantly lower than that in Group 1 (41.7 +/- 9.8%). There was a significant negative correlation between serum TNF activity and GDR in affected cows (r=-0.56, p<0.01). These results indicate that serum TNF activity is correlated with insulin resistance in cows with fatty liver.

An inherent acceleratory effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and its pharmacological characterization in normal mice

PubMed Central

Peddyreddy, Murali Krishna Reddy; Dkhar, Steven Aibor; Ramaswamy, Subramanian; Naveen, Amrithraj Theophilus; Shewade, Deepak Gopal

2006-01-01

AIM: To study an inherent effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and to explore involvement of various systems/mechanisms in normal mice. METHODS: Insulin at the doses of 2 μU/kg, 2 mU/kg, 2 U/kg or vehicle was subcutaneously administered to four groups of overnight fasted normal male mice. Blood glucose (BG) levels were measured 2 min before insulin administration and 2 min before sacrificing the animals for the measurement of small intestinal transit (SIT). Charcoal meal was administered (0.3 mL) intragastrically 20 min after insulin administration and animals were sacrificed after 20 min and SIT was determined. For exploration of the various mechanisms involved in insulin-induced effect on SIT, the dose of insulin which can produce a significant acceleration of SIT without altering BG levels was determined. The following drugs, atropine (1 mg/kg), clonidine (0.1 mg/kg), ondansetron (1 mg/kg), naloxone (5 mg/kg), verapamil (8 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg), were administered intravenously 10 min prior to the administration of insulin (2 μU/kg). RESULTS: The lower doses of insulin (2 μU/kg and 2 mU/kg) produced a significant acceleration of SIT from 52.0% to 70.7% and 73.5% without lowering blood glucose levels (P < 0.01), while the highest dose of insulin (2 U/kg) produced a fall in blood glucose levels which was also associated with significant acceleration of SIT (P < 0.01). After pretreatment of insulin (2 μU/kg) group with atropine, insulin could reverse 50% of the inhibition produced by atropine. In clonidine-pretreated group, insulin administration could reverse only 37% of the inhibition produced by clonidine and inhibition of SIT was significant compared with vehicle + insulin-treated group, i.e. from 74.7% to 27.7% (P < 0.01). In ondansetron-pretreated group, insulin administration could produce only mild acceleration of SIT (23.5%). In naloxone-pretreated group, insulin administration could significantly reverse the inhibition of SIT produced by naloxone when compared with naloxone per se group, i.e. from 32.3% to 53.9% (P < 0.01). In verapamil-pretreated group, insulin administration could only partially reverse the inhibition (65%). In glibenclamide-pretreated group, insulin administration produced further acceleration of SIT (12.2%). CONCLUSION: Insulin inherently possesses an acceleratory effect on SIT in normal mice. Adrenergic and cholinergic systems can play a significant role. Calcium channels and opioidergic system can play a supportive role; in addition, enhancement of endogenous insulin release can augment the effect of exogenously administered insulin on SIT. PMID:16688808

Research on the influence of bilateral oophorectomy on the BMD, body components and sex hormone of women during the perimenopause.

PubMed

Wang, HaiLi; Wang, Chuchu; Sun, Lei; Zhou, Shiyuan; Wang, Fengyu

2017-07-01

To investigate the effect of bilateral oophorectomy on bone mineral density, body composition and sex hormone of peri-menopause women. 33 cases of peri-menopause women patients performed bilateral oophorectomy were chosen from xxx gynaecology and obstetrics department of xxx hospital from January 1st,2014 to Dec31th, 2014. And the 33 cases were taken as ovariectomy group. 35 women who were the naturally postmenopausal after menopause collected in clinic and in the same period with the patients of ovariectomy group were taken in control group. American GE-Lunar-Prodigy dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and chemiluminescence method were employed to detect the bone mineral density, fat content, muscle content and sex hormone of the patients in both groups at the 6th and 12th month after menostasis. There was no statistical significance on the comparative difference of bone mineral density, fat content and muscle content at the 6th and 12th month after menostasis between both groups, P>0.05. At the 6th month after menostasis, the estradiol (E2) level in ovariectomy group was significantly lower than that of control group [(14.79±22.17)U/L vs (32.74±31.02U/L)], P<0.05; at the 12th month after menostasis, it had the statistical significance for the comparative difference between the level of E2 and and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in ovariectomy group and that in control group, E2: (8.09±4.38)U/L vs (25.92±3.53)U/L; FSH: (64.88±18.39)U/L vs (40.69±31.63)U/L], P<0.05. the change of E2 and FSH were the main symptom of peri-menopausal women within 12 months after bilateral oophorectomy, the decrease of E2 level had no effect on bone mineral density, fat content and muscle content.

Online Attention Training for Older Adults.

PubMed

Wennberg, Alexandra; Kueider, Alexandra; Spira, Adam; Adams, Gregory; Rager, Robert; Rebok, George

Evidence suggests that cognitive training interventions can improve older adults' cognitive performance. Successful training programs are adaptable and train multiple cognitive domains to target individual strengths and weaknesses. Computerized training programs are useful because they allow older adults to easily access training. This pilot study used an online attention training program, ATTENTION WORKOUT™, to enhance three aspects of attention- coordination , allocation , and selective focus -in community-dwelling older adults randomized to either an abbreviated (n=13) or an extended (n=17) practice training program over a 6-week period. Participants in the extended practice group significantly improved on selective focus reading distraction tasks with unrelated words (U=39.5; Z=-2.34; p =.02) and blanks (U=26.5; Z=-3.05; p =.002) as well as a matching attributes task (U=49.5; Z=-2.33; p =.02). The extended practice group significantly improved on three tasks of coordinating attention - radio-tuning (U=30; Z=-2.73; p =.01), circuit-breaker resetting (U=46; Z=-2.24; p =.03), and the combination of the two tasks (U=15; Z=-3.51; p <.0001) - as well as a memory generalization task (U=20; Z=-3.27; p =.001). A post-test satisfaction survey found both groups enjoyed the program, but the abbreviated practice group felt the tasks were more difficult. These findings suggest online attention training programs, like ATTENTION WORKOUT, can improve attention-related skills in community-dwelling older adults.

[Clinical effect of removable lingual arch plus auxiliary spring for dental arch expansion].

PubMed

Sun, Feng-yang; Zhang, Yu

2007-04-01

Observe the clinical effect of removable lingual arch plus auxiliary spring for convenient dental (especially mandibular) arch expansion. Seventeen patients with dental arch constriction complicated by mild dental crowding were enrolled in this study, including 9 requiring maxillary arch expansion and 8 necessitating mandibular expansion. The patients were divided to two groups at random for arch expansion with removable lingual arch plus auxiliary spring and with Quad-helix, respectively, and the effect of arch expansion was compared between the two groups. After 8 weeks of arch expansion, the average width of U4-U4 and U5-U5 in removable lingual arch group was enlarged by 2.2 mm and 3.0 mm, and that in Quad-helix group by 2.3 mm and 3.5 mm, respectively, showing no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the average width of L4-L4 and L5-L5 in the former group was enlarged by 2.3 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively, significantly greater than that in the latter group (1.0 mm and 1.2 mm, P<0.05). Removable lingual arch plus auxiliary spring allows significant expansion of the middle segment of the dental arch (bicuspids), and can be more effective than Quad-helix for mandibular arch expansion.

Ergodic actions of SμU(2) on C∗-algebras from II1 subfactors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinzari, Claudia; Roberts, John E.

2010-03-01

To a proper inclusion N⊂M of II factors of finite Jones index [M:N], we associate an ergodic C∗-action of the quantum group SμU(2) (or more generally of certain groups Ao(F)). The higher relative commutant N'∩M can be identified with the spectral space of the rth tensor power u of the defining representation of the quantum group. The index and the deformation parameter are related by -1≤μ<0 and [M:N]=|μ+μ-1|. This ergodic action may be thought of as a virtual subgroup of SμU(2) in the sense of Mackey arising from the tensor category generated by the N-bimodule NMN. μ is negative as NMN is a real bimodule.

Prognostic Value of Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin on the First Day of Admission for Adverse Events in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.

PubMed

Nakada, Yasuki; Kawakami, Rika; Matsui, Masaru; Ueda, Tomoya; Nakano, Tomoya; Takitsume, Akihiro; Nakagawa, Hitoshi; Nishida, Taku; Onoue, Kenji; Soeda, Tsunenari; Okayama, Satoshi; Watanabe, Makoto; Kawata, Hiroyuki; Okura, Hiroyuki; Saito, Yoshihiko

2017-05-18

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (U-NGAL) is an early predictor of acute kidney injury and adverse events in various diseases; however, in acute decompensated heart failure patients, its significance remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of U-NGAL on the first day of admission for the occurrence of acute kidney injury and long-term outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure patients. We studied 260 acute decompensated heart failure patients admitted to our department between 2011 and 2014 by measuring U-NGAL in 24-hour urine samples collected on the first day of admission. Primary end points were all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and heart failure admission. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their median U-NGAL levels (32.5 μg/gCr). The high-U-NGAL group had a significantly higher occurrence of acute kidney injury during hospitalization than the low-U-NGAL group ( P =0.0012). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the high-U-NGAL group exhibited a worse prognosis than the low-U-NGAL group in all-cause death (hazard ratio 2.07; 95%CI 1.38-3.12, P =0.0004), cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 2.29; 95%CI 1.28-4.24, P =0.0052), and heart failure admission (hazard ratio 1.77; 95%CI 1.13-2.77, P =0.0119). The addition of U-NGAL to the estimated glomerular filtration rate significantly improved the predictive accuracy of all-cause mortality ( P =0.0083). In acute decompensated heart failure patients, an elevated U-NGAL level on the first day of admission was related to the development of clinical acute kidney injury and independently associated with poor prognosis. © 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

[Comparing the anchorage effects of micro-implant and J hook on treating patients with maxillary protrusion].

PubMed

Wu, Xin; Liu, Guo-yuan; Jiang, Yong-lian

2015-10-01

To investigate the differences in anchorage effects between micro-implants and J hook in treating patients with Class II division 1 maxillary protrusion. Thirty-one cases of adult patients with Class II division 1 maxillary protrusion were treated. They were divided into 2 groups depending on their selection. The first group included 17 patients for micro-implant anchorage, who adopted micro-implant and sliding mechanism to close maxillary extraction space and depress the mandibular molar. The second group encompassed 14 cases for J hook, who adopted sliding mechanism, J hooks in high traction and Class II intermaxillary traction to close extraction space. X-ray lateral cephalometric radiographs were measured before and after treatment, and SPSS16.0 software package was employed to compare the differences in soft and hard tissue changes before and after treatment between 2 groups. There were statistically significant differences in SNB, ANB, MP-FH, U1-Y, U6-Y, L6-MP, NLA, and UL-Y between the 2 groups before and after treatment, while there was no significant difference in SNA, U1-SN, U1-X, and U6-X between the 2 groups. In treating patients with Class II division 1 maxillary protrusion, micro-implant has stronger anchorage effects than J hook, while at the same time depressing the mandibular molars, and making it more favorable to improve Class II faces.

Serum erythropoietin levels in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

PubMed Central

Turgut, Burak; Ilhan, Nevin; Uyar, Fatma Yayla; Celiker, Ulku; Demir, Tamer; Koca, Suleyman Serdar

2010-01-01

Objective To evaluate the levels of erythropoietin (EPO) in the serum in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods An institutional comperative clinical study. The serum EPO levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, of 15 patients with active CSC (Group 1), 15 patients with inactive CSC (Group 2) and 15 healthy volunteers (Group 3). Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis and Mann–Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Results The patient and control groups were matched for age and sex. There was no statistically significant variation with regard to age and gender among the groups (P > 0.05). The mean serum EPO concentrations in patients with active CSC (Group 1), inactive CSC (Group 2) and in healthy controls (Group 3) were 11.39 ± 3.01 mlU/mL, 11.79 ± 3.78 mlU/mL and 11.95 ± 3.27 mlU/mL, respectively. There was no significant variation among the serum EPO concentrations of the study groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion These findings suggest no role of serum EPO in pathogenesis of CSC. PMID:28539767

Serum erythropoietin levels in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

PubMed

Turgut, Burak; Ilhan, Nevin; Uyar, Fatma Yayla; Celiker, Ulku; Demir, Tamer; Koca, Suleyman Serdar

2010-01-01

To evaluate the levels of erythropoietin (EPO) in the serum in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). An institutional comperative clinical study. The serum EPO levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, of 15 patients with active CSC (Group 1), 15 patients with inactive CSC (Group 2) and 15 healthy volunteers (Group 3). Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. The patient and control groups were matched for age and sex. There was no statistically significant variation with regard to age and gender among the groups ( P > 0.05). The mean serum EPO concentrations in patients with active CSC (Group 1), inactive CSC (Group 2) and in healthy controls (Group 3) were 11.39 ± 3.01 mlU/mL, 11.79 ± 3.78 mlU/mL and 11.95 ± 3.27 mlU/mL, respectively. There was no significant variation among the serum EPO concentrations of the study groups ( P > 0.05). These findings suggest no role of serum EPO in pathogenesis of CSC.

Comparison between Unilateral and Bilateral Plyometric Training on Single and Double Leg Jumping Performance and Strength.

PubMed

Bogdanis, Gregory C; Tsoukos, Athanasios; Kaloheri, Olga; Terzis, Gerasimos; Veligekas, Panagiotis; Brown, Lee E

2017-04-18

This study compared the effects of unilateral and bilateral plyometric training on single and double-leg jumping performance, maximal strength and rate of force development (RFD). Fifteen moderately trained subjects were randomly assigned to either a unilateral (U, n=7) or bilateral group (B, n=8). Both groups performed maximal effort plyometric leg exercises two times per week for 6 weeks. The B group performed all exercises with both legs, while the U group performed half the repetitions with each leg, so that total exercise volume was the same. Jumping performance was assessed by countermovement jumps (CMJ) and drop jumps (DJ), while maximal isometric leg press strength and RFD were measured before and after training for each leg separately and both legs together. CMJ improvement with both legs was not significantly different between U (12.1±7.2%) and B (11.0±5.5%) groups. However, the sum of right and left leg CMJ only improved in the U group (19.0±7.1%, p<0.001) and was unchanged in the B group (3.4±8.4%, p=0.80). Maximal isometric leg press force with both legs was increased similarly between groups (B: 20.1±6.5%, U: 19.9±6.2%). However, the sum of right and left leg maximal force increased more in U compared to B group (23.8±9.1% vs. 11.9±6.2%, p=0.009, respectively). Similarly, the sum of right and left leg RFD0-50 and RFD0-100 were improved only in the U group (34-36%, p<0.01). Unilateral plyometric training was more effective at increasing both single and double-leg jumping performance, isometric leg press maximal force and RFD when compared to bilateral training.

A world revision of the bee fly tribe Usiini (Diptera, Bombyliidae) Part 2: Usia sensu stricto.

PubMed

Gibbs, David

2014-05-22

This is the second part of a world revision of the genera Usia Latreille and Parageron Paramonov, of the tribe Usiini Becker, and covers the pale-haired species, the Usia sensu stricto group. Usia sensu stricto as defined here contains 24 species of which 16 species fall into two monophyletic groups, the U. lata group with 10 species and the U. florea group with six species. Eight species cannot be placed in either of these two groups, four of them form two pairs of sibling species while the remaining four species have no clear affinities. Of the 25 formerly available names that belong in Usia sensu stricto, U. putilla Becker stat. rev., previously synonymised under U. angustifrons, is reinstated as a full species. U. sicula Egger syn. nov., is synonymised under U. manca Loew, U. anus Becker syn. nov., is synonymised under U. vestita Macquart and U. claripennis Macquart syn. nov., is synonymised under U. atrata (Fabricius). Usia vicina Macquart, formerly placed as a synonym of U. atrata, is shown to be a junior synonym of U. aenea Rossi. Five new species are described, U. anatoliensis sp. nov., U. annetteae sp. nov., U. greatheadi sp. nov., U. maghrebensis sp. nov. and U. cornigera sp. nov. Both the male and female genitalia are illustrated in detail for 21 species, female only in the cases of U. calva Loew and U. notata Loew and male only for U. incognita Paramonov.

Three-month treatment with triptorelin, letrozole and ulipristal acetate before hysteroscopic resection of uterine myomas: prospective comparative pilot study.

PubMed

Bizzarri, Nicolò; Ghirardi, Valentina; Remorgida, Valentino; Venturini, Pier Luigi; Ferrero, Simone

2015-09-01

To compare the usefulness of preoperative treatment with triptorelin, letrozole or ulipristal acetate or no treatment before hysteroscopic removal of uterine submucosal myomas. Single center prospective non-randomized comparative pilot study. The study included consecutive premenopausal patients undergoing hysteroscopic resection of myomas graded as type 0, type 1 or type 2 according to the FIGO classification with diameter between 20 and 35 mm. Exclusion criteria were: associated polyps, associated non-hysteroscopic surgical procedures, >2 myomas requiring hysteroscopic resection. This study enrolled patients who underwent either direct surgery (group S; n=23) or 3-month preoperative treatment with triptorelin (3.75 mg every 28 days; group T; n=20), letrozole (2.5 mg/day; group L; n=11) or ulipristal acetate (5 mg/day; group U; n=7). Patients underwent hysteroscopic resection of the myomas. All medical treatments caused a significant decrease in the volume of myomas (group T, p<.001; group L, p<.001; group U, p=.006); however, the percentage decrease in myoma volume was lower in group U than in group T (p=.001) and in group L (p=.010). The hysteroscopy time was higher in group S than in group T (p<.001) and in group L (p=.001); there was no significant difference in the hysteroscopy time between group S and group U (p=.206). Fluid absorption was lower in group T than in group S (p=.002) and in group L than in group S (p=.048); fluid absorption was similar in group S and group U (p=.110). Intra- and postoperative complications, postoperative pain, and patient satisfaction were similar in the four study groups. Surgeon's evaluation of operative difficulty was better in group T than in group S (p<.005). Preoperative treatment with triptorelin and letrozole decreases the hysteroscopy time and the volume of fluid absorbed during hysteroscopic resection of uterine submucosal myomas. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Factors Influencing Productivity Change in the Forest Products Industry,

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-01

groups for the first and second mailing groups .................................................................. 54 12 . Regional distribution of...72 15. Standardized values for the parameter, u 12 (ij), for the *factor: rapid increases in the price of fossil fuels under the model u 13...harvesting policies on publicly owned timber lands under the model u1 2 (ij) = u 12 3 (ijk) = 0 .......... 81 _ 20. Relative rank of the factors

Exploratory Solid-State Synthesis of Uranium Chalcogenides and Mixed Anion Uranium Chalcogenides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ward, Matthew David

Several uranium chalcogenides and mixed anion uranium chalcogenides have been synthesized by solid-state synthetic methods. Structural determinations were carried out via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Some of these compounds have been further characterized by magnetic measurements, optical properties measurements, Raman spectroscopy, resistivity measurements, XANES and XPS. Eight compounds of the composition MU8Q17 were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All of these compounds crystallize in the CrU8S17 structure type. XANES measurements indicate that ScU8S17 contains Sc3+ and must be charge balanced with some amount of U 3+. Two compounds of the composition ATiU3Te9 crystallize as black rectangular plates. From single-crystal magnetic measurements, CsTiU 3Te9 is consistent with antiferromagnetic coupling between magnetic U atoms. The uranium chalcogenide compounds NiUS3 and Cr4US 8 were synthesized from reaction of the elements in various fluxes. NiUS3 crystallizes in the GdFeO3 structure type. Cr 4US8 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group D - Pnma and its structure is related to that of Li4UF 8. The compounds Rh2U6S15, Cs 2Ti2U6Se15, and Cs2Cr 2U6Se15 crystallize as black prisms in the cubic space group O-Im3m. Magnetic measurements on Cs 2Cr2U6Se15 give a value for the Weiss temperature, θWeiss, of 57.59 K, indicative of ferromagnetic coupling. Black plates of CsScU(Se2)Se3 were synthesized from the reaction of the elements in a CsCl flux. CsScU(Se2)Se 3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group D- Cmcm . Magnetic susceptibility measurements on CsScU(Se2)Se 3 indicate three regions of magnetic response. The uranium double salt Cs5[U2(μ-S 2)2Cl8]I crystallizes as red plates. Cs 5[U2(μ-S2)2Cl 8]I displays optical anisotropy with band gap energies of 1.99 eV and 2.08 eV along the [001] and [100] polarizations. The uranium oxychalcogenides U7O2Se12 and Na2Ba2(UO2)S4 were synthesized by intentional oxygen contamination. The structure of U7O 2Se12 is related to the previously reported U7Q 12. Na2Ba2(UO2)S4 contains isolated uranyl polyhedra in which each uranium atom may be assigned an oxidation state of +6. The four uranium(IV) chlorophosphates, UCl4(POCl3), [U2Cl9][PCl4], UCl3(PO2Cl 2), and U2Cl8(POCl3) were synthesized in an effort to synthesize new novel uranyl sulfides. All are unstable, but UCl4(POCl3) is the thermodynamically favorable phase.

Severe maternal undernutrition and post-weaning behavior of rabbits.

PubMed

Simitzis, Panagiotis E; Symeon, George K; Kominakis, Antonios P; Bizelis, Iosif A; Chadio, Stella E; Abas, Zafeiris; Deligeorgis, Stelios G

2015-03-15

The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the implications of severe maternal undernutrition on the post-weaning behavior of rabbits. Thirty two does were randomly assigned to four groups: the control group (C) that was fed 100% of the recommended energy maintenance requirements throughout pregnancy and lactation and the U1, U2 and U3 groups that were fed 50% of the recommended energy maintenance requirements between the 6th and the 19th day of pregnancy, between the 20th and the 27th day of pregnancy and between the 3rd and the 10th day of lactation, respectively. At the age of 50 and 65 days, behavior of rabbits in cages was recorded and rabbits were further subjected to an open-field test; a paradigm used as an indicator of fear and emotional distress. Significant differences were found between the U2 and the other experimental groups for the duration of eating and drinking, and duration of locomotory and investigatory behaviors (P<0.05). At the age of 65 days, duration of comfort behaviors was also lower in the U2 compared to the other groups (P<0.05). On the other hand, duration of resting appeared to be the highest in the group of rabbits born from undernourished does between the 20th and the 27th day of pregnancy (P<0.05). Duration of resting was significantly increased, although frequency and duration of eating and drinking were significantly decreased at the age of 65 days (P<0.05). Male rabbits had greater values for locomotory and investigatory behaviors, and duration of eating and drinking compared to the females (P<0.01). A decreased activity of rabbits during the light period was observed (as expected), whereas an increase in duration of locomotory and investigatory behaviors was observed during the first four and the last 4h of the light and dark periods, respectively (P<0.05). Rabbits born from the U1 and U2 group of does displayed increased rates of latency to leave the start position compared to the other groups during the implementation of the open-field test (P<0.05). No other significant differences in the exhibition of the examined behaviors were found between the treatment groups, with the exception of 'moving forelegs' activity that had the lowest value in the U3 group of rabbits. It is concluded that severe maternal undernutrition (50% of the recommended maintenance requirements) especially between the 20th and the 27th day of pregnancy has significant effects on the exhibition of rabbits' post-weaning behavior, since the offspring from the U2 undernourished does were significantly less active compared to the other experimental groups. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The rate of lactate production from glucose in hearts is not altered by per-deuteration of glucose

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Funk, Alexander M.; Anderson, Brian L.; Wen, Xiaodong; Hever, Thomas; Khemtong, Chalermchai; Kovacs, Zoltan; Sherry, A. Dean; Malloy, Craig R.

2017-11-01

This study was designed to determine whether perdeuterated glucose experiences a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) as glucose passes through glycolysis and is further oxidized in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Metabolism of deuterated glucose was investigated in two groups of perfused rat hearts. The control group was supplied with a 1:1 mixture of [U-13C6]glucose and [1,6-13C2]glucose, while the experimental group received [U-13C6,U-2H7]glucose and [1,6-13C2]glucose. Tissue extracts were analyzed by 1H, 2H and proton-decoupled 13C NMR spectroscopy. Extensive 2H-13C scalar coupling plus chemical shift isotope effects were observed in the proton-decoupled 13C NMR spectra of lactate, alanine and glutamate. A small but measureable (∼8%) difference in the rate of conversion of [U-13C6]glucose vs. [1,6-13C2]glucose to lactate, likely reflecting rates of Csbnd C bond breakage in the aldolase reaction, but conversion of [U-13C6]glucose versus [U-13C6,U-2H7]glucose to lactate did not differ. This shows that the presence of deuterium in glucose does not alter glycolytic flux. However, there were two distinct effects of deuteration on metabolism of glucose to alanine and oxidation of glucose in the TCA. First, alanine undergoes extensive exchange of methyl deuterons with solvent protons in the alanine amino transferase reaction. Second, there is a substantial kinetic isotope effect in metabolism of [U-13C6,U-2H7]glucose to alanine and glutamate. In the presence of [U-13C6,U-2H7]glucose, alanine and lactate are not in rapid exchange with the same pool of pyruvate. These studies indicate that the appearance of hyperpolarized 13C-lactate from hyperpolarized [U-13C6,U-2H7]glucose is not substantially influenced by a deuterium kinetic isotope effect.

Therapeutic efficacy of tumor-derived heat shock protein 70 immunotherapy combining interleukin-2 on tumor-bearing mice.

PubMed

Fu, Qingguo; Meng, Fandong; Shen, Xiaodong; Guo, Renxuan

2003-02-01

To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of compound immunotherapy of tumor-derived heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) on tumor-bearing mice, and to provide reference for translating this strategy to human cancer. Cell culture, techniques for protein extraction and purification, SDS-PAGE, Western blot and capillary electrophoresis for HSP70 detection and purity analysis, and animal experiments were used. Mice were treated with HSP70 5 or 10 microg and IL-2 50 kU, 100 kU or 2 kU (maintaining dosage) at previously designated intervals. Both the mono-administration of either HSP70 or IL-2 and the compound immunotherapy of HSP70 and IL-2 obviously inhibited the growth of the implanted tumor and prolonged the life span of the mice to different extents. However, long periods of tumor-free survival (over 90 days) were demonstrated only in HSP70 10 micro g group, HSP70 10 microg-IL-2 50 kU group, and HSP70 10 microg-IL-2 100 kU group (40%, 40%, 60% respectively). On the other hand, none of the mice in the rest groups achieved long-term survival. Statistical significance was apparent in comparison with the groups without long period survival (P < 0.025 - 0.05). Our research revealed that tumor-derived HSP70 immunotherapy was much more effective than IL-2 alone. And in compound immunotherapy, HSP70 was the main factor in delaying or eradicating the tumors. The proper combination of HSP70 and IL-2 (10 microg HSP70 and 100 kU IL-2 in this experimental mouse model) clearly enhanced the immunotherapy efficacy which indicated that the specific immunotherapy as a main part of tumor immunotherapy assisted by cytokine immunotherapy would be a promising strategy in cancer treatment.

Intermediate coronary revascularization using the Deltastream blood pump: results from an experimental study.

PubMed

Litmathe, J; Hansen, E; Feindt, P; Kurt, M; Boeken, U; Gams, E

2009-01-01

Myocardial revascularization using a complete heart-lung machine may involve many problems, as do complete off-pump attempts. Thus, it was the aim of this study to evaluate the effects of intermediate on-pump/off-pump myocardial revascularization using the miniaturized Deltastream blood pump, on ischemia and hemolysis, in comparison with standard myocardial revascularization. In a group of 8 mini-pigs, combined on-pump/off-pump myocardial revascularization was performed using the Deltastream blood pump as beating-heart support for the on-pump part of the operation (group A). Seven other animals served as controls and underwent standard myocardial revascularization with the same device as integrated pump of a complete heart-lung machine (group B). Blood samples for blood gas metabolism, creatine kinase (CK), troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) were taken before and after the entire operation. Comparing the baseline values, the increase of CK was more pronounced in group B than in group A (176.4-/+41.2 to 279.7-/+29 U/L vs. 274-/+142.7 to 288.1-/+118.6 U/L, respectively; p=0.0006). Increase of troponin I was significantly higher in group B than in group A (1-/+0.3 to 2.9-/+1 ng/mL vs. 1.1-/+0.9 to 3-/+3.8 ng/mL, respectively; p=0.002). LDH increase was also more pronounced in group B (231.7-/+54.3 to 299.9-/+39.8 U/L vs. 274.9-/+59.7 to 263.8-/+57.9 U/L, respectively; p=0.01). HBDH values increased significantly in group B after the operation (group A: 215.9-/+34.7 to 200-/+39.2 U/L vs. group B: 195.4-/+41.7 to 274.9-/+51.6 U/L; p=0.02). Hemodynamic measures and LDH values under luxation (group A: 1.9-/+0.6 U/L; B: 3.5-/+1 U/L,p=0.001) were also superior in the study group. The current set-up might be superior to conventional extracorporeal circulation and thus be an alternative for high-risk candidates to avoid the adverse events of a complete heart-lung machine, when they are scheduled for complete myocardial revascularization.

Physical characteristics of elite adolescent female basketball players and their relationship to match performance

PubMed Central

Montalvo, Alicia; Latinjak, Alexander; Unnithan, Viswanath

2016-01-01

Abstract There were two aims of this study: first, to investigate physical fitness and match performance differences between under-16 (U16) and under-18 (U18) female basketball players, and second, to evaluate the relationship between physical fitness and game-related performances. Twenty-three young, female, elite Spanish basketball players (16.2 1.2 years) participated in the study. The sample was divided into two groups: U16 and U18 players. The average scores from pre- and post-season physical fitness measurements were used for subsequent analyses. Anthropometric variables were also measured. To evaluate game performance, game-related statistics, including the number of games and minutes played, points, rebounds, assists, steals and blocks per game, were recorded for every competitive match in one season. When anthropometric and physical performance variables were compared between groups, the U18 group demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher values in upper (+21.2%) and lower (+27.11%) limb strength compared to the U16 group. Furthermore, no significant differences between groups were observed in match performance outcomes. Only two performance variables, steals and assists per game, correlated significantly with jump capacity, speed, agility, anaerobic power, repeated sprint ability and aerobic power (p ≤ 0.005). These findings can help optimize training programs for young, elite female basketball players. PMID:28149421

Physical Function After Total Knee Replacement: An Observational Study Describing Outcomes in a Small Group of Women From China and the United States.

PubMed

White, Daniel K; Li, Zhichang; Zhang, Yuqing; Marmon, Adam R; Master, Hiral; Zeni, Joseph; Niu, Jingbo; Jiang, Long; Zhang, Shu; Lin, Jianhao

2018-01-01

To describe physical function before and six months after Total Knee Replacement (TKR) in a small sample of women from China and the United States. Observational. Community environment. Both groups adhered to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) protocols for the 6-minute walk and 30-second chair stand. We compared physical function prior to TKR and 6 months after using linear regression adjusted for covariates. Women (N=60) after TKR. Not applicable. Age and body mass index in the China group (n=30; 66y and 27.0kg/m 2 ) were similar to those in the U.S. group (n=30; 65y and 29.6kg/m 2 ). Before surgery, the China group walked 263 (95% confidence interval [CI], -309 to -219) less meters and had 10.2 (95% CI, -11.8 to -8.5) fewer chair stands than the U.S. group. At 6 months when compared with the U.S. group, the China group walked 38 more meters, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (95% CI, -1.6 to 77.4), and had 3.1 (95% CI, -4.4 to -1.7) fewer chair stands. The China group had greater improvement in the 6-minute walk test than did the U.S. group (P<.001). Despite having worse physical function before TKR, the China group had greater gains in walking endurance and similar gains in repeated chair stands than did the U.S. group after surgery. Copyright © 2017 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Regularization of Mickelsson generators for nonexceptional quantum groups

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mudrov, A. I.

2017-08-01

Let g' ⊂ g be a pair of Lie algebras of either symplectic or orthogonal infinitesimal endomorphisms of the complex vector spaces C N-2 ⊂ C N and U q (g') ⊂ U q (g) be a pair of quantum groups with a triangular decomposition U q (g) = U q (g-) U q (g+) U q (h). Let Z q (g, g') be the corresponding step algebra. We assume that its generators are rational trigonometric functions h ∗ → U q (g±). We describe their regularization such that the resulting generators do not vanish for any choice of the weight.

[The influence of hypertensive perfusion on ultrastructure of gastrointestinal tissue and enzymology of pigs after cardiopulmonary resuscitation].

PubMed

Lu, Yi; Li, Chun-sheng

2013-02-01

To study ultrastructure of gastrointestinal tissue and enzymology in pigs after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in conditions of hypertensive perfusion. Sixteen experimental pigs were induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) by direct current shock. CPR was conducted 4 minutes after VF, and 10 pigs were successfully resuscitated. These 10 pigs were divided into control group (n=5) and hypertensive perfusion group (n=5) through random number table method. Norepinephrine was administered to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 130% of the baseline in the hypertensive perfusion group. Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and gastrointestinal ATPase level were determined, and gastrointestinal mucosa damages were examined with light microscope, and mitochondria injury was observed by electric microscope 24 hours after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The serum DAO level showed a significant increase at 2 hours and 4 hours after ROSC in hypertensive perfusion group and control group compared with baseline (hypertensive perfusion group: 15.66±2.24 U, 15.76±0.95 U vs. 8.38±0.70 U, control group: 14.87±1.34 U, 13.85±0.52 U vs. 9.92±0.78 U, all P<0.05), but when the individual value was compared between two groups, no significant difference was found. The Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase of gastric tissue showed significant increase in the hypertensive perfusion group compared with the control group at 24 hours after ROSC (Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase: 6.07±1.49 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1) vs. 2.89±1.48 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1), Ca(2+)-ATPase: 7.67±1.86 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1) vs. 3.07±1.50 μmol×mg(-1)×h(-1), both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in ATPase activity of intestinal tissue between the two groups. Gastrointestinal mucosa damages and mitochondrial injury in the hypertensive perfusion group were less obviously than in the control group. Gastrointestinal function injury, abnormal energy metabolism, increased serum DAO levels, destruction of intestinal microvilli were found after CPR. Hypertensive perfusion could improve cell energy metabolism, reduce the mucosal injury, and protect the digestive tract from injury due to CPR.

[Comparison of antibody persistence between live attenuated and inactivated hepatitis A vaccines].

PubMed

Liu, Huai-Feng; Zhang, Xin-Jiang; Zhang, Jian-Li

2009-08-01

To study the antibody persistence of live attenuated hepatitits A vaccine, and to compare the antibody between with inactivated vaccine. 211 HAV susceptible children were divided randomly into three groups, Group A was injected three doses HepA-L at 0, 6 and 12 monthes; Group B was administrated two dose HepA-L at 0 and 6 months, and group C was immunized with inactivated vaccine at month 0 and 6. Serum samples were detected for Anti-HAV at 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 24, 84 months after vaccination in each group. The seroconversion rates reached 100% after 2nd dose in all groups. The highest GMC was 2938.1 mlU/ml, founded in group C, and it was 1315.6 mlU/ml and 1586 mlU/ml in group A and B respectively. After the 3rd dose at month 12 in group A, the antibody increased dramatic, which reached 1945.3 mlU/ml. 84 months after first dose in each group, the antibody can be detected from all subjects. Though the GMC in group A declined to 336.8 mlU/ml, it was significant higher than that in group B and C. The good booster effect with HepA-L was well observed in a short-term. The immune response induced by 2 to 3 doses HepA-L could compete with inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. However, long-term effects of both vaccines need further study.

Effect of Different Insulin Response Patterns During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test on Glycemia in Individuals with Normal Glucose Tolerance.

PubMed

Praveen, Edavan Pulikkanath; Chouhan, Sunil; Sahoo, Jayaprakash; Goel, Sudhir K; Dwivedi, Sada Nand; Khurana, Madan Lal; Kulshreshtha, Bindu; Ammini, Ariachery C

2016-05-01

Research is still going on for detecting the earliest glucose homeostasis derangements in individuals, which is crucial for the prevention of glucose intolerance. This cross-sectional study analyzes different insulin response patterns during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and their implications on glycemia in normoglycemic individuals. The sample frame was the "Offspring of Individuals with Diabetes Study" database. All participants underwent OGTT. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min for measurement of insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin levels. Normal glucose tolerant individuals were selected for analysis. Four hundred fifty subjects (mean age, 25 years) were included and divided into two groups according to timing of plasma insulin peaking during OGTT: Group 1, peaking at 30 min; and Group 2, peaking at 60 or 120 min. Body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance were comparable between the groups; however, Group 2 showed a significantly higher 60- and 120-min glucose level and lower disposition index. Based on the magnitude of the insulin levels, Group 1 was subdivided into Group N (normal pattern) and Group E (exaggerated pattern) with a 30-min insulin cutoff of 74 μU/mL (Group E, ≥74 μU/mL). Group 2 was subdivided into Group DL (delayed and limited pattern; 60-min insulin <73.0 μU/mL and 120-min insulin <80.0 μU/mL) and Group DE (delayed and exaggerated pattern; 60-min insulin ≥73.0 μU/mL or 120-min insulin ≥80.0 μU/mL). Group DE showed a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) of glucose compared with the other groups and had a lower disposition index and high-density lipoprotein levels. Group DL had significantly lower insulin resistance and BMI compared with Group E but showed a similar AUC of glucose. A delayed insulin pattern was associated with higher postprandial glucose levels. Individuals with delayed and exaggerated insulin secretion may have a higher risk for glucose intolerance.

High soluble CD30 levels and associated anti-HLA antibodies in patients with failed renal allografts.

PubMed

Karahan, Gonca E; Caliskan, Yasar; Ozdilli, Kursat; Kekik, Cigdem; Bakkaloglu, Huseyin; Caliskan, Bahar; Turkmen, Aydin; Sever, Mehmet S; Oguz, Fatma S

2017-01-13

Serum soluble CD30 (sCD30), a 120-kD glycoprotein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, has been suggested as a marker of rejection in kidney transplant patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sCD30 levels and anti-HLA antibodies, and to compare sCD30 levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) with and without failed renal allografts and transplant recipients with functioning grafts. 100 patients undergoing HD with failed grafts (group 1), 100 patients undergoing HD who had never undergone transplantation (group 2), and 100 kidney transplant recipients (group 3) were included in this study. Associations of serum sCD30 levels and anti-HLA antibody status were analyzed in these groups. The sCD30 levels of group 1 and group 2 (154 ± 71 U/mL and 103 ± 55 U/mL, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the transplant recipients (group 3) (39 ± 21 U/mL) (p<0.001 and p<0.001). The serum sCD30 levels in group 1 (154 ± 71 U/mL) were also significantly higher than group 2 (103 ± 55 U/mL) (p<0.001). Anti-HLA antibodies were detected in 81 (81%) and 5 (5%) of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001). When multiple regression analysis was performed to predict sCD30 levels, the independent variables in group 1 were the presence of class I anti-HLA antibodies (β = 0.295; p = 0.003) and age (β = -0.272; p = 0.005), and serum creatinine (β = 0.218; p = 0.027) and presence of class II anti-HLA antibodies (standardized β = 0.194; p = 0.046) in group 3. Higher sCD30 levels and anti-HLA antibodies in patients undergoing HD with failed renal allografts may be related to higher inflammatory status in these patients.

Effects of Urtica dioica supplementation on blood lipids, hepatic enzymes and nitric oxide levels in type 2 diabetic patients: A double blind, randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Amiri Behzadi, Alidad; Kalalian-Moghaddam, Hamid; Ahmadi, Amir Hossein

2016-01-01

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications including metabolic abnormality-induced diabetic micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications. Urtica dioica L. ( U. dioica ) has been traditionally used in Iranian medicine as an herbal remedy for hypoglycemic or due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica on blood lipids, hepatic enzymes and nitric oxide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 50 women with type 2 diabetes participated in this study and were randomly divided into two groups namely, control and intervention groups. Control group received placebo and intervention group received hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica . Before and after 8 weeks of continuous treatment, some biochemical serum levels including FPG, TG, SGPT, SGOT, HDL, LDL, SOD and NO were measured. The results indicated that after 8 weeks, in the intervention group, FPG, TG, and SGPT levels significantly decreased and HDL, NO and SOD levels significantly increased as compared to the control group. Our results encourage the use of hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica as an antioxidant agent for additional therapy of diabetes as hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica may decrease risk factors of cardiovascular incidence and other complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.

76 FR 52642 - Notice of Advisory Committee Closed Meeting; U.S. Strategic Command Strategic Advisory Group

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-23

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Notice of Advisory Committee Closed Meeting; U.S. Strategic Command.... Strategic Command Strategic Advisory Group. DATES: November 1, 2011, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. and November 2..., intelligence, and policy-related issues to the Commander, U.S. Strategic Command, during the development of the...

Overexpression of SASH1 related to the decreased invasion ability of human glioma U251 cells.

PubMed

Yang, Liu; Liu, Mei; Gu, Zhikai; Chen, Jianguo; Yan, Yaohua; Li, Jian

2012-12-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of SAM- and SH3-domain containing 1 (SASH1) on the biological behavior of glioma cells, including its effects on cellular growth, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis, and thereby to provide an experimental basis for future therapeutic treatments. A pcDNA3.1-SASH1 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and transfected into the U251 human glioma cell line. Using the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay, flow cytometry analyses, transwell invasion chamber experiments, and other methods, we examined the impact of SASH1 on the biological behaviors of U251 cells, including effects on viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and invasion. Furthermore, the effect of SASH1 on the expression of cyclin D1, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and other proteins was observed. Compared to the empty vector and blank control groups, the pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group of U251 cells exhibited significantly reduced cell viability, proliferation, and invasion (p < 0.05), although there was no difference between the empty vector and blank control groups. The pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group demonstrated a significantly higher apoptotic index than did the empty vector and blank control groups (p < 0.05), and the percentage of apoptotic cells was similar between the empty vector and blank control groups. In addition, the pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group expressed significantly lower protein levels of cyclin D1 and MMP-2/9 compared to the control and empty vector groups (p < 0.05) and significantly higher protein levels of caspase-3 than the other two groups (p < 0.05). Cyclin D1, caspase-3, and MMP-2/9 expression was unchanged between the empty vector and blank control groups. SASH1 gene expression might be related to the inhibition of the growth, proliferation, and invasion of U251 cells and the promotion of U251 cells apoptosis.

Combination Treatment of Glioblastoma by Low-Dose Radiation and Genistein.

PubMed

Atefeh, Zamanian; Vahid, Changizi; Hasan, Nedaie; Saeed, Amanpour; Mahnaz, Haddadi

2016-01-01

Gioblastoma multiforme as a chemoresistant and radioresistant malignant cell line needs to novel strategies to treatment. Low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (LDHRS) seems to be an effective phenomenon to irradiation that can save normal brain fibroblasts. Genistein which is a soy isoflavone can be cytotoxic in some tumor cell lines. So we determined to study the effect of combining these two treatment modalities. After 30 hours incubation with Genistein in different concentrations on U87MG cell line, proliferation and clonogenicity were conducted by both clonogenic and MTT assays. A conventional 2Gy radiation dose was compared with 10 doses of 0.2Gy gamma irradiation with 3 minutes and 1 hour intervals. Finally, concurrent effect of these modalities was assessed. Based on acquired cell doubling time (30 hours), one doubling time treatment by Genistein could decrease clonogenicity. U87MG cell line exhibited HRS at low dose irradiations. 2Gy irradiation was more effective than ultra-fractionation methods in comparison with control group. All groups with 50uM concentration of Genistein showed decrease in the survival. This decrease compared with control group, in 10x0.2Gy with 3 minutes intervals plus 50uM Genistein was significant and for groups with the same dose of Genistein but along with continuous 2Gy was more significant. In one day treatment regimen, 10x0.2Gy ultra-fractionation with 3 minutes and 1 hour intervals seems to be less effective than conventional 2Gy irradiation, however adding 50uM Genistein can decrease survival more. Although 2Gy conventional dose plus 50uM Genistein was the most effective regimen. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.

78 FR 50437 - U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi-Stakeholder Group (USEITI MSG) Advisory...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Office of the Secretary [Docket No. ONRR-2012-0003; DS63600000 DR2PS0000.PX8000 134D0102R2] U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi- Stakeholder Group...: This notice announces the next three meetings of the United States Extractive Industries Transparency...

78 FR 60304 - U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi-Stakeholder Group (USEITI MSG) Advisory...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-01

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Office of the Secretary [Docket No. ONRR-2012-0003; DS63600000 DR2PS0000.PX8000 134D0102R2] U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi- Stakeholder Group...: This notice announces the meeting date change of the United States Extractive Industries Transparency...

[Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided or neurostimulator-guided bilateral axillary brachial plexus block].

PubMed

Xu, C S; Zhao, X L; Zhou, H B; Qu, Z J; Yang, Q G; Wang, H J; Wang, G

2017-10-17

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of bilateral axillary brachial plexus block under the guidance of ultrasound or neurostimulator. Methods: From February 2012 to April 2014, 120 patients undergoing bilateral hand/forearm surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were enrolled and anaesthetized with bilateral axillary brachial plexus block. All patients were divided into two groups randomly using random number table: the ultrasound-guided group (group U, n =60) and the neurostimulator-guidedgroup (group N, n =60). The block was performed with 0.5% ropivacaine. Patients' age, sex and operation duration were recorded. Moreover, success rate, performance time, onset of sensor and motor block, performance pain, patient satisfaction degree and the incidence of related complications were also documented. Venous samples were collected at selected time points and the total and the plasma concentrations of ropivacaine were analyzed with HPLC. Results: The performance time, the onset of sensor block and the onset of motor block of group U were (8.2±1.5), (14.2± 2.2)and (24.0±3.5)min respectively, which were markedly shorter than those in group N( (14.6±3.9), (19.9±3.8), (28.8±4.2)min, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant( t =11.74, 10.09, 6.73, respectively, all P <0.01). The performance pain score of group N was (25.5± 13.2), which was obviously more serious than group U (31.7± 11.2) and a significant statistical difference was detected ( t =2.856, P <0.05). The patient satisfaction degree of group U was 95.0%, which was significantly higher than group N (83.3%) and a markedly statistical difference was detected (χ(2)=4.227, P <0.05). Fifty min after performance, the total plasma concentration of ropivacaine of group U was(1.76±0.48)mg/L, which was significantly lower than group N (1.88±0.53)mg/L and a significant statistical difference was detected ( t =2.43, P <0.05), while no significant differences were detected at the other time points between two groups ( P >0.05). No analgesic was superadded and no other anesthesia methods were applied. No complications were detected perioperatively. Conclusions: The bilateral axillary brachial plexus block under the guidance of ultrasound or neurostimulator are both effective and safe for bilateral hand/forearm surgery. However, the ultrasound-guided block may be more clinically beneficial because of its shorter performance time, rapid onset and higher patient satisfaction degree.

Unenhanced CT findings can predict the development of urinary calculi in stone-free patients.

PubMed

Ciudin, Alexandru; Luque Galvez, Maria Pilar; Salvador Izquierdo, Rafael; Franco de Castro, Agustin; Garcia-Cruz, Eduardo; Alcover García, Juan; Alvarez-Vijande García, Jose Ricardo; Nicolau, Carlos; Alcaraz Asensio, Antonio

2012-09-01

To determine if calcium deposits in the papillae can be identified by unenhanced computed tomography (uCT) even before renal stones develop. A retrospective review of 413 patients with calculi identified 31 patients (stone-forming group) with a history of urinary tract calculi with a calculus demonstrated by uCT and a stone-free uCT before calculi had developed. The control group (n = 31) was composed of live kidney donors with no history of calculi and a stone-free uCT. CT attenuation was measured in all CTs using two regions of interest of 0.05 cm(2) and 0.1 cm(2) over the tip and the neighbouring area of the papillae. Student's and Wilcoxon t-tests were used for comparing results in the two groups. The attenuation of the tip of the papilla was higher in the stone-forming group when compared to the controls after (45.2 HU versus 32.1 HU, P = 0.001) and even before frank calculi had developed (44.2 HU versus 32.1 HU, P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in papillary attenuation in the stone group before and after calculi had developed (45.2 HU versus 44.2 HU, P = 0.82). Stone-forming patients exhibit higher papillary density even before calculi develop. This could define a population at risk of developing calculi.

The U(VI) speciation influenced by a novel Paenibacillus isolate from Mont Terri Opalinus clay.

PubMed

Lütke, Laura; Moll, Henry; Bachvarova, Velina; Selenska-Pobell, Sonja; Bernhard, Gert

2013-05-21

Bacterial cell walls have a high density of ionizable functional groups available for U(VI) binding, hence have a great potential to affect the speciation of this contaminant in the environment. The studied strain of the genus Paenibacillus is a novel isolate originating from the Mont Terri Opalinus clay formations (Switzerland) which are currently investigated as a potential host rock for future nuclear waste storage. U(VI) binding to the cell surface functional groups was studied by potentiometry combined with time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). Four bacterial U(VI) surface complexes were identified: R-COO-UO2(+), R-O-PO3-UO2, R-O-PO3H-UO2(+), and (R-O-PO3)2-UO2(2-). The corresponding complex stability constants were calculated to be 5.33 ± 0.08, 8.89 ± 0.04, 12.92 ± 0.05, and 13.62 ± 0.08, respectively. Hence UO2(2+) displays a moderate to strong interaction with the bacterial surface functional groups. In the acidic pH range (pH 3) UO2(2+) binding onto the cell envelope is governed by coordination to hydrogen phosphoryl sites. Upon increasing the pH an increasing coordination of UO2(2+) to carboxylic and deprotonated phosphoryl sites was found. At a pH greater than 7 uranyl hydroxides dominate the speciation. Additionally the bacteria-mediated release of inorganic phosphate in dependence on [U(VI)] at different pH values was studied to assess the influence of phosphate release on U(VI) mobilization.

Age-related differences in repeated-sprint ability in highly trained youth football players.

PubMed

Mujika, Inigo; Spencer, Matt; Santisteban, Juanma; Goiriena, Juan Jose; Bishop, David

2009-12-01

In this study, we investigated the age-related differences in repeated-sprint ability and blood lactate responses in 134 youth football players. Players from the development programme of a professional club were grouped according to their respective under-age team (U-11 to U-18). Following familiarization, the participants performed a repeated-sprint ability test [6 x 30-m sprints 30 s apart, with active recovery (2.0-2.2 m . s(-1)) between sprints]. The test variables were total time, percent sprint decrement, and post-test peak lactate concentration. Total time improved from the U-11 to U-15 age groups (range 33.15 +/- 1.84 vs. 27.25 +/- 0.82 s), whereas no further significant improvements were evident from U-15 to U-18. No significant differences in percent sprint decrement were reported among groups (range 4.0 +/- 1.0% to 5.5 +/- 2.1%). Post-test peak lactate increased from one age group to the next (range 7.3 +/- 1.8 to 12.6 +/- 1.6 mmol . l(-1)), but remained constant when adjusted for age-related difference in body mass. Peak lactate concentration was moderately correlated with sprint time (r = 0.70, P > 0.001). Our results suggest that performance in repeated-sprint ability improves during maturation of highly trained youth football players, although a plateau occurs from 15 years of age. In contrast to expectations based on previous suggestions, percent sprint decrement during repeated sprints did not deteriorate with age.

Local structure and charge distribution in the UO(2)-U(4)O(9) system.

PubMed

Conradson, Steven D; Manara, Dario; Wastin, Franck; Clark, David L; Lander, Gerard H; Morales, Luis A; Rebizant, Jean; Rondinella, Vincenzo V

2004-11-01

Analysis of X-ray absorption fine structure spectra of UO(2+x) for x = 0-0.20 (UO(2)--U(4)O(9)) reveals that the adventitious O atoms are incorporated as oxo groups with U--O distances of 1.74 A, most likely associated with U(VI), that occur in clusters so that the UO(2) fraction of the material largely remains intact. In addition to the formation of some additional longer U--O bonds, the U sublattice consists of an ordered portion that displays the original U--U distance and a spectroscopically silent, glassy part. This is very different from previous models derived from neutron diffraction that maintained long U--O distances and high U--O coordination numbers. UO(2+x) also differs from PuO(2+x) in its substantially shorter An-oxo distances and no sign of stable coordination with H(2)O and its hydrolysis products.

Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming climate information into usable tools to support Midwestern agricultural production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prokopy, L. S.; Widhalm, M.

2014-12-01

There is a close connection between weather and climate patterns and successful agricultural production. Therefore, incorporating climate information into farm management is likely to reduce the risk of economic losses and increase profitability. While weather and climate information is becoming ever more abundant and accessible, the use of such information in the agricultural community remains limited. Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming Climate Variability and Change Information for Cereal Crop Producers is a USDA-NIFA funded research and extension project focused on improving the use of climate information for agricultural production in the Midwestern United States by developing user-driven decision tools and training resources. The U2U team is a diverse and uniquely qualified group of climatologists, crop modelers, agronomists, and social scientists from 9 Midwestern universities and two NOAA Regional Climate Centers. Together, we strive to help producers make better long-term plans on what, when and where to plant and also how to manage crops for maximum yields and minimum environmental damage. To ensure relevance and usability of U2U products, our social science team is using a number of techniques including surveys and focus groups to integrate stakeholder interests, needs, and concerns into all aspects of U2U research. It is through this coupling of physical and social science disciplines that we strive to transform existing climate information into actionable knowledge.

Efficacy and Safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment of Forehead Lines: A Multicenter, Randomized, Dose-Ranging Controlled Trial.

PubMed

Solish, Nowell; Rivers, Jason K; Humphrey, Shannon; Muhn, Channy; Somogyi, Chris; Lei, Xiaofang; Bhogal, Meetu; Caulkins, Carrie

2016-03-01

Various onabotulinumtoxinA doses are effective in treating forehead lines (FHL), with a trend toward lower doses. To evaluate efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA dose-ranging treatment of FHL when the frontalis area and glabellar complex are treated together. Adults with moderate-to-severe FHL received onabotulinumtoxinA 40 U (FHL, 20 U; glabellar lines [GL], 20 U), 30 U (FHL, 10 U; GL, 20 U), or placebo. Response was assessed at weeks 1, 2, day 30, and monthly to day 180. Coprimary efficacy end points were investigator- and subject-assessed Facial Wrinkle Scale scores of none or mild (day 30). Patient-reported outcomes, onset/duration of effect, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Responder rates (investigator/subject, respectively) were 40-U group, 91.2%/89.5%; 30-U group, 86.4%/81.4%; placebo, 1.7%/5.1%. OnabotulinumtoxinA resulted in significantly greater responder rates than placebo (p < .001). Adverse events were mild to moderate and similar between groups (most common AEs: nasopharyngitis [4.6%] and headache [4.0%]). Treatment of FHL with onabotulinumtoxinA 40 and 30 U (in frontalis and glabellar complex muscles) was tolerable, effective, and sustained. Both doses significantly reduced FHL severity; however, the 40-U dose demonstrated a trend toward greater sustained benefit and longer duration of effect versus the 30-U dose, with similar AE rates.

Emergence of a new S U (4 ) symmetry in the baryon spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Denissenya, M.; Glozman, L. Ya.; Pak, M.

2015-10-01

Recently, a large degeneracy of J =1 mesons—that is, larger than the S U (2 )L×S U (2 )R×U (1 )A symmetry of the QCD Lagrangian—has been discovered upon truncation of the near-zero modes from the valence quark propagators. It has been found that this degeneracy represents the S U (4 ) group that includes the chiral rotations as well as the mixing of left- and right-handed quarks. This symmetry group turns out to be a symmetry of confinement in QCD. Consequently, one expects that the same symmetry should persist upon the near-zero mode removal in other hadron sectors as well. It has been shown that indeed the J =2 mesons follow the same symmetry pattern upon the low-lying mode elimination. Here we demonstrate the S U (4 ) symmetry of baryons once the near-zero modes are removed from the quark propagators. We also show a degeneracy of states belonging to different irreducible representations of S U (4 ). This implies a larger symmetry that includes S U (4 ) as a subgroup.

Decreased Urinary Sodium-to-urinary Creatinine Ratio Identifies Sodium Depletion in Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis.

PubMed

Heinz-Erian, P; Akdar, Z; Haerter, B; Waldegger, S; Giner, T; Scholl-Bürgi, S; Mueller, T

2016-01-01

In acute gastroenteritis (AG) fecal losses may cause depletion of sodium (NaD) which may not be recognized because of normal plasma Na (pNa) concentrations. We studied the incidence of this state of normonatremic sodium depletion (NNaD) and the suitability of the urinary Na/urinary creatinine ratio (uNa/uCr) for diagnosing NNaD. 16 AG- and 16 healthy control children aged 0.8-15.0 years. Prospective cross sectional pilot study. Measurements of Na, K and creatinine in plasma (p) and urine (u). Calculation of uNa/uCr Ratio, fractional excretion of Na (FENa) and uNa/uK ratio as the hitherto best known parameters of prerenal Na depletion, respectively. pNa concentrations were normal in 15/16 AG patients (93.8%) with only one subnormal value of 133 mmol/L, and a mean value of 137.9±2.3 mmol/L not different from the normal control group (139.4±2.2 mmol/L). Also, mean uNa concentrations and uNa/uK ratios did not differ between both groups. However, uNa/uCr ratios were below normal in 13/16 AG children (81.3%) but normal in all healthy controls with a significantly lower mean value in the AG group (12.6±8.8 vs. 31.2±8.3 mmol/mmol; p<0.0001). Similarly, 14/16 AG patients (87.5%) had a decreased FENa<0.5% with a mean FENa value significantly lower than in controls (0.36±0.28% vs. 0.95±0.26%, p<0.0001). The good agreement between FENa and uNa/uCr results was also reflected by a high correlation coefficient of r=0.9333. The majority of AG patients was found to have NNaD as determined by uNa/uCr and FENa. Calculation of uNa/uCr may be useful for diagnosing NNaD in AG. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Effects of Urtica dioica supplementation on blood lipids, hepatic enzymes and nitric oxide levels in type 2 diabetic patients: A double blind, randomized clinical trial

PubMed Central

Amiri Behzadi, Alidad; Kalalian-Moghaddam, Hamid; Ahmadi, Amir Hossein

2016-01-01

Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications including metabolic abnormality-induced diabetic micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications. Urtica dioica L. (U. dioica) has been traditionally used in Iranian medicine as an herbal remedy for hypoglycemic or due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica on blood lipids, hepatic enzymes and nitric oxide levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: 50 women with type 2 diabetes participated in this study and were randomly divided into two groups namely, control and intervention groups. Control group received placebo and intervention group received hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica. Before and after 8 weeks of continuous treatment, some biochemical serum levels including FPG, TG, SGPT, SGOT, HDL, LDL, SOD and NO were measured. Results: The results indicated that after 8 weeks, in the intervention group, FPG, TG, and SGPT levels significantly decreased and HDL, NO and SOD levels significantly increased as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our results encourage the use of hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica as an antioxidant agent for additional therapy of diabetes as hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica may decrease risk factors of cardiovascular incidence and other complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. PMID:28078249

The crystal structure of ianthinite, [U 24+(UO 2) 4O 6(OH) 4(H 2O) 4](H 2O) 5: a possible phase for Pu 4+ incorporation during the oxidation of spent nuclear fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burns, Peter C.; Finch, Robert J.; Hawthorne, Frank C.; Miller, Mark L.; Ewing, Rodney C.

1997-10-01

Ianthinite, [U 24+(UO 2) 4O 6(OH) 4(H 2O) 4](H 2O) 5, is the only known uranyl oxide hydrate mineral that contains U 4+, and it has been proposed that ianthinite may be an important Pu 4+-bearing phase during the oxidative dissolution of spent nuclear fuel. The crystal structure of ianthinite, orthorhombic, a = 0.7178(2), b = 1.1473(2), c = 3.039(1) nm, V = 2.5027 nm 3Z = 4, space group P2 1cn, has been solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares methods to an R index of 9.7% and a wR index of 12.6% using 888 unique observed [| F| ≥ 5 σ | F|] reflections. The structure contains both U 4+. The U 6+ cations are present as roughly linear (U 6+O 2) 2+ uranyl ion (Ur) that are in turn coordinated by five O 2- and OH - located at the equatorial positions of pentagonal bipyramids. The U 4+ cations are coordinated by O 2-, OH - and H 2O in a distorted octahedral arrangement. The Ur φ5and U 4+| 6 (φ: O 2-, OH -, H 2O) polyhedra l sharing edges to for two symmetrically distinct sheets at z ≈ 0.0 and z ≈ 0.25 that are parallel to (001). The sheets have the β-U 3O 8 sheet anion-topology. There are five symmetrically distinct H 2O groips located at z ≈ 0.125 between the sheets of U φn polyhedra, and the sheets of U φn polyhedra are linked together only by hydrogen bonding to the intersheet H 2O groups. The crystal-chemical requirements of U 4+ and Pu 4+ are very similar, suggesting that extensive Pu 4+ ↔ U 4+ substitution may occur within the sheets of U φn polyhedra in trh structure of ianthinine.

[Antibodies against TSH receptors (TRAb) as indicators in prognosing the effectiveness of Tiamazol therapy for Grave's Disease].

PubMed

Bojarska-Szmygin, Anna; Ciechanek, Roman

2003-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of TRAb determinations in prognosing and monitoring the efficacy of conservative treatment in Graves' disease. The examinations were performed in 54 patients. During the 18-month observation all the patients were treated with Tiamazol. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The TRAb levels were determined before as well as 12 and 18 months after thyrostatic treatment. Simultaneously, the levels of TSH and FT4 were analysed. Moreover, all the patients underwent ultrasound examinations to assess the size of the thyroid gland. The findings of the 18-month follow up showed that in 31 patients (57%) the thyroid function became normal (group I--euthyreosis), in 23 patients (43%) hyperactivity persisted (group II--hyperthyreosis). The TRAb levels were analysed in both groups of patients. An increased initial level of TRAb was found in the hyperactivity group mean -54.39 + 31.21 U/l which was statistically significantly different from the TRAb levels in the euthyreosis group mean -29.13 +/- 19.14 U/l and in controls mean -2.75 +/- 2.06 U/l (p < 0.001 for both parameters). After 12-month treatment increased values of antibodies were still observed in this group of patients (mean -39.96 +/- 33.40 U/l) in comparison with the euthyreosis group (mean -9.87 +/- 8.33 U/l) and controls (mean -2.75 +/- 2.06 U/l) (p < 0.001 for both parameters). After 18-month treatment the TRAb levels in group II remained increased (mean -40.17 +/- 33.06) while in group I normal levels were achieved. The sizes of the thyroid gland were compared between the individual groups. In the hyperactivity group after 18-month treatment, the thyroid size was the biggest (mean -41.09 +/- 13.94 ml) and was statistically significantly different when compared to the average size in the euthyreosis group mean -31.65 +/- 11.74 ml (p < 0.01) and in controls mean -14.45 +/- 2.37 ml (p < 0.001). The levels of antibodies against TSH receptors are useful parameters in prognosis and monitoring the treatment effectiveness in Graves' disease. High initial levels of antibodies are the poor prognostic factors. The TRAb determinations are of some prognostic value not only before but also 12 months since the onset of therapy. The lack of antibody level normalization during treatment is connected with persisting hyperactivity. The TRAb concentration correlates with the thyroid size.

Curcumin protects against acetaminophen-induced apoptosis in hepatic injury

PubMed Central

Li, Gang; Chen, Jun-Bao; Wang, Chao; Xu, Zhi; Nie, Hao; Qin, Xiao-Yan; Chen, Xiao-Mei; Gong, Quan

2013-01-01

AIM: To explore the effects of curcumin (CMN) on hepatic injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in vivo. METHODS: Male mice were randomly divided into three groups: group I (control) mice received the equivalent volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneally (ip); Group II [APAP + carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)] mice received 1% CMC (vehicle) 2 h before APAP injection; Group III (APAP + CMN) mice received curcumin (10 or 20 mg/kg, ip) 2 h before before or after APAP challenge. In Groups II and III, APAP was dissolved in pyrogen-free PBS and injected at a single dose of 300 mg/kg. CMN was dissolved in 1% CMC. Mice were sacrificed 16 h after the APAP injection to determine alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in serum and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and hepatocyte apoptosis in liver tissues. RESULTS: Both pre- and post-treatment with curcumin resulted in a significant decrease in serum ALT compared with APAP treatment group (10 mg/kg: 801.46 ± 661.34 U/L; 20 mg/kg: 99.68 ± 86.48 U/L vs 5406.80 ± 1785.75 U/L, P < 0.001, respectively). The incidence of liver necrosis was significantly lowered in CMN treated animals. MDA contents were significantly reduced in 20 mg/kg CMN pretreatment group, but increased in APAP treated group (10.96 ± 0.87 nmol/mg protein vs 16.03 ± 2.58 nmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). The decrease of SOD activity in APAP treatment group and the increase of SOD in 20 mg/kg CMN pretreatment group were also detected (24.54 ± 4.95 U/mg protein vs 50.21 ± 1.93 U/mg protein, P < 0.05). Furthermore, CMN treatment efficiently protected against APAP-induced apoptosis via increasing Bcl-2/Bax ratio. CONCLUSION: CMN has significant therapeutic potential in both APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and other types of liver diseases. PMID:24259976

Minimum pickup velocity ( U pu) of nanoparticles in gas-solid pneumatic conveying

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anantharaman, Aditya; van Ommen, J. Ruud; Chew, Jia Wei

2015-12-01

This paper is the first systematic study of the pneumatic conveying of nanoparticles. The minimum pickup velocity, U pu, of six nanoparticle species of different materials [i.e., silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2)] and surfaces (i.e., apolar and polar) was determined by the weight loss method. Results show that (1) due to relative lack of hydrogen bonding, apolar nanoparticles had higher mass loss values at the same velocities, mass loss curves with accentuated S-shaped profiles, and lower U pu values, (2) among the three species, SiO2, which has the lowest Hamaker coefficient, exhibited the greatest discrepancy between apolar and polar surfaces with respect to both mass loss curves and U pu values, (3) U mf,polar/ U mf,apolar was between 1 and 3.5 times that of U pu,polar/ U pu,apolar due to greater extents of hydrogen bonding associated with U mf, (4) U pu values were at least an order-of-magnitude lower than that expected from the well-acknowledged U pu correlation (Kalman et al., Powder Technol 160:103-113, 2005) due to agglomeration, (5) although nanoparticles should be categorized as Zone III (Kalman et al. 2005) (or Geldart group C, Powder Technol 7:285-292, 1973), the nanoparticles, and primary and complex agglomerates agreed more with the Zone I (or Geldart group B) correlation.

Molecular mechanism of codon recognition by tRNA species with modified uridine in the first position of the anticodon.

PubMed Central

Yokoyama, S; Watanabe, T; Murao, K; Ishikura, H; Yamaizumi, Z; Nishimura, S; Miyazawa, T

1985-01-01

Proton NMR analyses have been made to elucidate the conformational characteristics of modified nucleotides as found in the first position of the anticodon of tRNA [derivatives of 5-methyl-2-thiouridine 5'-monophosphate (pxm5s2U) and derivatives of 5-hydroxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (pxo5U)]. In pxm5s2U, the C3'-endo form is extraordinarily more stable than the C2'-endo form for the ribose ring, because of the combined effects of the 2-thiocarbonyl group and the 5-substituent. By contrast, in pxo5U, the C2'-endo form is much more stable than the C3'-endo form, because of the interaction between the 5-substituent and the 5'-phosphate group. The enthalpy differences between the C2'-endo form and the C3'-endo form have been obtained as 1.1, -0.7, and 0.1 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.184 J) for pxm5s2U, pxo5U, and unmodified uridine 5'-monophosphate, respectively. These findings lead to the conclusion that xm5s2U in the first position of the anticodon exclusively takes the C3'-endo form to recognize adenosine (but not uridine) as the third letter of the codon, whereas xo5U takes the C2'-endo form as well as the C3'-endo form to recognize adenosine, guanosine, and uridine as the third letter of the codon on ribosome. Accordingly, the biological significance of such modifications of uridine to xm5s2U/xo5U is in the regulation of the conformational rigidity/flexibility in the first position of the anticodon so as to guarantee the correct and efficient translation of codons in protein biosynthesis. PMID:3860833

The absence of serum IgE antibodies indicates non-type 2 disease in young asthmatics.

PubMed

Tsolakis, N; Malinovschi, A; Nordvall, L; Janson, C; Borres, M P; Alving, K

2018-06-01

Atopic asthma is associated with elevated type-2 biomarkers such as fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil (B-Eos) count. However, increased type 2 markers have also been reported in traditionally defined non-atopic asthma. To determine a clinically useful level of IgE sensitization for ruling out type 2 asthma. Asthmatics (N = 408; age 10-35 years) were analysed using the multi-allergen tests Phadiatop and fx5 (ImmunoCAP). Subjects were grouped based on IgE-antibody concentrations: ≥0.35 kU A /L for at least one test (n = 326) or <0.35 kU A /L for both tests (n = 82). Τhe latter group was subsequently divided into 2 groups: IgE 0.10-0.34 kU A /L (n = 34) and IgE < 0.10 kU A /L (n = 48). The relationships between type 2 biomarkers, and inadequate asthma control (ACT < 20), reduced lung function (FEV 1  < 80%), recent asthma attacks and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine were determined. In univariate analyses, at least one type 2 marker related to each asthma outcome in subjects with IgE ≥0.35 kU A /L. In subjects with IgE 0.10-0.34 kU A /L, elevated FeNO related to reduced lung function (P = .008) and B-Eos to AHR (P = .03). No associations were found in subjects with IgE < 0.10 kU A /L. In multivariate analysis, a relationship between FeNO and reduced lung function remained in subjects with IgE < 0.35 kU A /L (P = .03). Clinically relevant elevation of type 2 biomarkers was seen in young asthmatics with IgE antibodies <0.35 kU A /L, but not those with IgE < 0.10 kU A /L. It seems possible to define non-type 2 asthma through sensitive IgE-antibody measurement. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Randomized trial of a comparison of the efficacy of TVT-O and single-incision tape TVT SECUR systems in the treatment of stress urinary incontinent women--2-year follow-up.

PubMed

Masata, Jaromir; Svabik, Kamil; Zvara, Karel; Drahoradova, Petra; El Haddad, Rachid; Hubka, Petr; Martan, Alois

2012-10-01

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the use of tension-free vaginal tape obturator (TVT-O) and single-incision TVT SECUR, hammock and U approach (TVT-S, H and U), in the treatment of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (SUI). This single-center randomized three-arm trial compared the objective and subjective efficacy and early failure rate of the TVT-O and TVT-S H and U approach by objective criteria (cough test) and subjective criteria using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire--Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF). The objective efficacy rate was defined as the number of patients with a negative cough stress test. Subjective cure was defined by no stress leakage of urine after surgery based on the evaluation of ICIQ-UI SH (when patients ticked "Never"/"Urine does not leak" in answer to question 6: When does urine leak?). Objective and subjective efficacy were evaluated using Last Failure Carried Forward analysis, i.e., final analysis also included patients with early failure. To describe outcome at different time points, the Last Observation Carried Forward method was also implemented. One hundred ninety-seven women with proven SUI were randomized into three groups--TVT-O (n = 68), TVT-S H (n = 64), and TVT-S U (n = 65). Each patient allocated to a treatment group received the planned surgery. There were no differences in each group in preoperative characteristics. Median follow-up after surgery was 2 years (SD, 0.8; range, 0.1 to 3.8 years). Of the subjects, 92.6% in the TVT-O group, 68.8% in the TVT-S H group, and 69.2% in the TVT-S U group had negative stress test (p < 0.001). Of the subjects, 85.3 % in the TVT-O group, 68.8% in the TVT-S H group, and 61.5% in the TVT-S U group were subjectively continent (p = 0.02). Our study demonstrated a significantly lower subjective and objective cure rate in the single-incision TVT group compared to the TVT-O group.

Quark seesaw mechanism, dark U (1 ) symmetry, and the baryon-dark matter coincidence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gu, Pei-Hong; Mohapatra, Rabindra N.

2017-09-01

We attempt to understand the baryon-dark matter coincidence problem within the quark seesaw extension of the standard model where parity invariance is used to solve the strong C P problem. The S U (2 )L×S U (2 )R×U (1 )B -L gauge symmetry of this model is extended by a dark U (1 )X group plus inclusion of a heavy neutral vector-like fermion χL ,R charged under the dark group which plays the role of dark matter. All fermions are Dirac type in this model. Decay of heavy scalars charged under U (1 )X leads to simultaneous asymmetry generation of the dark matter and baryons after sphaleron effects are included. The U (1 )X group not only helps to stabilize the dark matter but also helps in the elimination of the symmetric part of the dark matter via χ -χ ¯ annihilation. For dark matter mass near the proton mass, it explains why the baryon and dark matter abundances are of similar magnitude (the baryon-dark matter coincidence problem). This model is testable in low threshold (sub-keV) direct dark matter search experiments.

Anthropometric and physiological profiles of sepak takraw players

PubMed Central

Jawis, M; Singh, R; Singh, H; Yassin, M; Khanna, G

2005-01-01

Objectives: Anthropometric and physiological profiles of national sepak takraw players were determined. Methods: Thirty nine players, specialising in the three playing positions (tekong/server, feeder, and killer/spiker) were divided into three age categories of under 15 (U15), under 18 (U18), and under 23 (U23) years of age. Height, weight, percent body fat (%bf), maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max), range of motion (ROM), back and leg strength, and heart rate, for the estimation of oxygen consumption during matches, were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA for independent measurements and data are presented as mean±standard deviation. Results: The U23 players were significantly taller and heavier with significantly better ROM of the neck, trunk, and ankle joints and back and leg strength than the U15 players. No significant difference was found in %bf between the three age categories. Mean maximum heart rate during exercise was significantly higher in the U15 group when compared to the U18 and U23 groups (p<0.05). Mean Vo2max was similar between the three groups. Estimated oxygen consumption during matches was 69.1%, 68.5%, and 56.4% of Vo2max in the killer, tekong, and the feeder groups, respectively. Conclusions: The mean height, body weight, and cardiopulmonary capacities of the players were within the Malaysian population norms, but were somewhat lower than those of players of other court games from other countries. %bf was also lower in these players. This study provides the much needed anthropometric and physiological data of sepak takraw players for further development of this sport. PMID:16244191

Chronic fetal exposure to Ureaplasma parvum suppresses innate immune responses in sheep

PubMed Central

Kallapur, Suhas G.; Kramer, Boris W.; Knox, Christine L.; Berry, Clare A.; Collins, Jennifer J.P; Kemp, Matthew W.; Nitsos, Ilias; Polglase, Graeme R.; Robinson, James; Hillman, Noah H.; Newnham, John P.; Chougnet, Claire; Jobe, Alan H.

2011-01-01

The chorioamnionitis associated with preterm delivery is often polymicrobial with ureaplasma being the most common isolate. To evaluate interactions between the different pro-inflammatory mediators, we hypothesized that ureaplasma exposure would increase fetal responsiveness to LPS. Fetal sheep were given intra-amniotic injections of media (control) or Ureaplasma parvum serovar 3 either 7d or 70d before preterm delivery. Another group received an intraamniotic injection of E.coli lipo-polysaccharide (LPS) 2d prior to delivery. To test for interactions, intraamniotic U. parvum exposed animals were challenged with intraamniotic LPS and delivered 2d later. All animals were delivered at 124±1d gestation (Term=150d). Compared to the 2d LPS exposure group, the U. parvum 70d+LPS group had: 1) decreased lung pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression 2) fewer CD3+ T-lymphocytes, CCL2+, myeloperoxidase+, and PU.1+ cells in the lung. Interestingly, exposure to U. parvum for 7d did not change responses to a subsequent intraamniotic LPS challenge, and exposure to intraamniotic U. parvum alone induced mild lung inflammation. Exposure to U. parvum increased pulmonary TGFβ1 expression but did not change mRNA expression of either the receptor TLR4 or some of the downstream mediators in the lung. Monocytes from fetal blood and lung isolated from U. parvum 70d+LPS but not U. parvum 7d+LPS animals had decreased in vitro responsiveness to LPS. These results are consistent with the novel finding of down-regulation of LPS responses by chronic but not acute fetal exposures to U. parvum. The findings increase our understanding of how chorioamnionitis exposed preterm infants may respond to lung injury and postnatal nosocomial infections. PMID:21784974

Defining the Dormant Tumor Microenvironment for Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-01

USAMRMC a. REPORT U b . ABSTRACT U c. THIS PAGE U UU 36 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS...Each group will include 12 rats. b ) Breed rats in the parous group. After parturition, normalize the number of pups to eight. Ten days after...solution ultrasonication assisted tryptic digestion (UATD) method. Parity arm completed. b ) Analyzed the digested mammary ECM samples from

[Effect of methylene chloride upon hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury].

PubMed

Yang, Ding-hua; Zhang, Hua; Huang, Yu; Zhou, Jie

2009-12-15

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of methylene chloride (MC) in hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury. Eighty SD-rats were divided equally into 4 groups: control group (n = 20), donors without any treatment; CoPP group (n = 20), donors injected with CoPP (5 mg/kg, ip) at 24 h; ZnPP group (n = 20), donors injected with ZnPP (20 mg/kg, ip) at 24 h; MC group (n = 20), donors fed with MC (500 mg/kg) per day for 7 days before graft procurement. Syngeneic orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in rats with modified Kamada's two-cuff technique. And SD rats were used as donors (n = 10)and recipients respectively. 5 recipients in each group were sacrificed and the grafts were procured at day 3 after transplantation, the post-operative survival time was observed in the remnant. The tests were determined as following: the level of serum ALT, AST in recipients; heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression of graft was tested by immunohistochemistry and Western blot; the index of graft apoptosis examined by TUNEL method; the pathology of graft assessed by Suzuki's criteria. The level of serum ALT [(65 +/- 28) U/L], AST [(187 +/- 43) U/L] in CoPP and ALT [(75 +/- 16) U/L], AST [(185 +/- 42) U/L] in MC group was significantly lower than that ALT [(346 +/- 45) U/L], AST [(474 +/- 90) U/L] in control group and ALT [(578 +/- 75) U/L], AST [(1084 +/- 128) U/L] in ZnPP group (P < 0.01). The median expression of HO-1 in MC group was no significantly different with that in control group (P > 0.05). While the median expression of HO-1 in CoPP group was higher than that in control group (P < 0.05). The index of graft apoptosis in MC group and CoPP group, 4.1% +/- 0.6% and 3.2% +/- 0.8% respectively, was significantly lower than that (12.5% +/- 2.4%) in control group and (25.8% +/- 3.1%) in ZnPP group (P < 0.05). Compared with the other two groups, MC and CoPP groups had lesser neutrophil infiltration and a lower grade of hepatocytic injury in grafts. Suzuki's scores in grafts of MC and CoPP groups were lower than that in control and ZnPP groups (P < 0.05). The median post-transplantation survival time of the recipients in MC and CoPP groups was 100 and 93 days respectively while that in control and ZnPP groups was 85 and 12 days (P < 0.05). Over-expression of HO-1 and MC both have protective effects in hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Broxton, D.E.

A total of 338 water and 1877 sediment samples were collected over a 20,700-km/sup 2/ area from 2125 locations at a nominal density of one sample per 10 km/sup 2/. Water samples were collected from wells, streams, springs, and artificial ponds. Sediment samples were collected from streams, springs, natural ponds, and artificial ponds. Arbitrary anomaly thresholds of two standard deviations above the mean were chosen for both water and sediment sample populations. The U concentrations in waters collected in the Tularosa quadrangle range from below the detection limit of 0.2 parts per billion (ppB) to 57.8 ppB. Most clusters ofmore » water samples containing anomalously high uranium concentrations were collected from locations in uplifts underlain either by volcanic rocks of the mid-Tertiary Datil group or by sedimentary rocks of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic age. Other groups of anomalous waters are from wells that tap Cenozoic aquifers in the intermontane basins. In those areas where the water-sample location coverage is adequate, the known U occurrences are generally associated with high or anomalous U concentrations in water samples. With the exception of one sample with a U concentration of 67.7 ppM, sediments collected in this study have U concentrations that range between 0.2 and 15.2 ppM. Most sediments with U concentrations above the arbitrary anomaly threshold value are from locations which occur in or parallel outcrops of Precambrian crystalline rock exposed in the San Andres and Oscura Mountains. Other anomalous sediments occur as more discreet groups in areas underlain by mid-Tertiary volcanic rocks of the Datil group. Several anomalous samples from the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field were collected along ring fracture systems that surround large volcanic cauldrons.« less

Dietary sodium and potassium intake were associated with hypertension, kidney damage and adverse perinatal outcome in pregnant women with preeclampsia.

PubMed

Yılmaz, Zehra Vural; Akkaş, Elif; Türkmen, Gülenay Gençosmanoğlu; Kara, Özgür; Yücel, Aykan; Uygur, Dilek

2017-02-01

In this study, we hypothesized that dietary salt and potassium intake may be related with blood pressure, kidney damage and perinatal outcome in pregnants with preeclampsia (PE). In total, 200 women (50 control women with healthy pregnancy, 150 women with PE) were recruited for the study. Daily salt and potassium intake was estimated based on calculation of 24-hour urinary sodium U[Na+] and potassium U[K+] excretion. U[Na+]/[K+] was calculated by dividing U[Na+] by U[K+]. At the end of the measurements, the pregnant women with PE (n=150) were divided into tertiles according to U[Na+]/[K+]: low Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 1,04±0,32), medium Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 2,49± 0,54), high Na/K group (n=50, mean U[Na+]/[K+]: 6,62±3,41). The mean SBP and DBP levels were significantly lower in low Na/K group compared with medium or high Na/K groups (p=0.024, p=0.0002; respectively). Serum creatinine was significantly lower in low Na/K group than high Na/K group (p=0.025). Frequency of severe preeclampsia is lower in low Na/K group than medium or high Na/K groups (p=0.002, p=0.0001; respectively). Birth weight and gestational age at birth were higher in low Na/K group compared with high Na/K group (p=0.045, p=0.0002; respectively). After adjusting for covariates, SBP and DBP and creatinine levels were independently associated with 24 hours urinary [Na+]/[K+] Conclusion: These findings suggest that pregnant with PE with high dietary salt and low potassium intake may have greater maternal and neonatal morbidity risk than pregnant with PE under low dietary salt and high potassium intake.

Cost-Effectiveness of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine U100 in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Serbia.

PubMed

Lalić, Nebojša; Russel-Szymczyk, Monika; Culic, Marina; Tikkanen, Christian Klyver; Chubb, Barrie

2018-04-26

This study investigates the cost-effectiveness of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine U100 in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Serbia. A cost-utility analysis, implementing a simple short-term model, was used to compare treatment costs and outcomes with degludec versus glargine U100 in patients with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Cost-effectiveness was analysed in a 1-year setting, based on data from clinical trials. Costs were estimated from the healthcare payer perspective, the Serbian Health Insurance Fund (RFZO). The outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) or cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Degludec is highly cost-effective compared with glargine U100 for people with T1DM and T2DM in Serbia. The ICERs are estimated at 417,586 RSD/QALY gained in T1DM, 558,811 RSD/QALY gained in T2DM on basal oral therapy (T2DM BOT ) and 1,200,141 RSD/QALY gained in T2DM on basal-bolus therapy (T2DM B/B ). All ICERs fall below the commonly accepted thresholds for cost-effectiveness in Serbia (1,785,642 RSD/QALY gained). In all three patient groups, insulin costs are higher with degludec than with glargine U100, but these costs are partially offset by savings from a lower daily insulin dose in T1DM and T2DM BOT , a reduction in hypoglycaemic events in all three patient groups and reduced costs of SMBG testing in the T2DM groups with degludec versus glargine U100. Degludec is a cost-effective alternative to glargine U100 for patients with T1DM and T2DM in Serbia. Degludec may particularly benefit those suffering from hypoglycaemia or where the patient would benefit from the option of flexible dosing. Novo Nordisk.

Safety and efficacy of abobotulinumtoxinA for hemiparesis in adults with upper limb spasticity after stroke or traumatic brain injury: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

PubMed

Gracies, Jean-Michel; Brashear, Allison; Jech, Robert; McAllister, Peter; Banach, Marta; Valkovic, Peter; Walker, Heather; Marciniak, Christina; Deltombe, Thierry; Skoromets, Alexander; Khatkova, Svetlana; Edgley, Steven; Gul, Fatma; Catus, France; De Fer, Beatrice Bois; Vilain, Claire; Picaut, Philippe

2015-10-01

Resistance from antagonistic muscle groups might be a crucial factor reducing function in chronic hemiparesis. The resistance due to spastic co-contraction might be reduced by botulinum toxin injections. We assessed the effects of abobotulinumtoxinA injection in the upper limb muscles on muscle tone, spasticity, active movement, and function. In this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, we enrolled adults (aged 18-80 years) at least 6 months after stroke or brain trauma from 34 neurology or rehabilitation clinics in Europe and the USA. Eligible participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio with a computer-generated list to receive a single injection session of abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U or 1000 U or placebo into the most hypertonic muscle group among the elbow, wrist, or finger flexors (primary target muscle group [PTMG]), and into at least two additional muscle groups from the elbow, wrist, or finger flexors or shoulder extensors. Patients and investigators were masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was the change in muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale [MAS]) in the PTMG from baseline to 4 weeks. Secondary endpoints were Physician Global Assessment (PGA) at week 4 and change from baseline to 4 weeks in the perceived function (Disability Assessment Scale [DAS]) in the principal target of treatment, selected by the patient together with physician from four functional domains (dressing, hygiene, limb position, and pain). Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01313299. 243 patients were randomly allocated to placebo (n=81), abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U (n=81), or abobotulinumtoxinA 1000 U (n=81). Mean change in MAS score from baseline at week 4 in the PTMG was -0·3 (SD 0·6) in the placebo group (n=79), -1·2 (1·0) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U group (n=80; difference -0·9, 95% CI -1·2 to -0·6; p<0·0001 vs placebo), and -1·4 (1·1) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 1000 U group (n=79; -1·1, -1·4 to -0·8; p<0·0001 vs placebo). Mean PGA score at week 4 was 0·6 (SD 1·0) in the placebo group (n=78), 1·4 (1·1) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U group (n=80; p=0·0003 vs placebo), and 1·8 (1·1) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 1000 U group (n=78; p<0·0001 vs placebo). Mean change from baseline at week 4 in DAS score for the principal target of treatment was -0·5 (0·7) in the placebo group (n=79), -0·7 (0·8) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U group (n=80; p=0·2560 vs placebo), and -0·7 (0·7) in the abobotulinumtoxinA 1000 U group (n=78; p=0·0772 vs placebo). Three serious adverse events occurred in each group and none were treatment related; two resulted in death (from pulmonary oedema in the placebo group and a pre-existing unspecified cardiovascular disorder in the abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U group). Adverse events that were thought to be treatment related occurred in two (2%), six (7%), and seven (9%) patients in the placebo, abobotulinumtoxinA 500 U, and abobotulinumtoxinA 1000 U groups, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse event was mild muscle weakness. All adverse events were mild or moderate. AbobotulinumtoxinA at doses of 500 U or 1000 U injected into upper limb muscles provided tone reduction and clinical benefit in hemiparesis. Future research into the treatment of spastic paresis with botulinum toxin should use active movement and function as primary outcome measures. Ipsen. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hepatocellular integrity after parenteral nutrition: comparison of a fish-oil-containing lipid emulsion with an olive-soybean oil-based lipid emulsion.

PubMed

Piper, Swen N; Schade, Ingo; Beschmann, Ralf B; Maleck, Wolfgang H; Boldt, Joachim; Röhm, Kerstin D

2009-12-01

Parenteral nutrition including lipids might be associated with liver disease. The cause leading to parenteral nutrition-related liver dysfunction remains largely unknown but is likely to be multifactorial. The study was performed to assess the effects of a lipid emulsion based on soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive and fish oil (SMOFlipid20%) compared with a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil on hepatic integrity. In a prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial, 44 postoperative patients with an indication for parenteral nutrition were allocated to one of two regimens: group A (n = 22) received SMOFlipid, group B (n = 22) a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil for 5 days. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanin-aminotransferase, and serum alpha-glutathion S-transferase were measured before the start of parenteral nutrition (d0), at day 2 (d2), and day 5 (d5) after the start of parenteral nutrition. The significance level was defined at a P value of less than 0.05. There was no significant difference at d0, but at d2 and d5, significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase (d2: group A: 27 +/- 13 vs. group B: 47 +/- 36 U l(-1); d5: A: 31 +/- 14 vs. B: 56 +/- 45 U l(-1)), alanin-aminotransferase (d2: A: 20 +/- 12 vs. B: 42 +/- 39 U l(-1); d5: A: 26 +/- 15 vs. B: 49 +/- 44 U l(-1)), and alpha-glutathion S-transferase levels (d2: A: 5 +/- 6 vs. B: 17 +/- 21 U l(-1); d5: A: 6 +/- 7 vs. B: 24 +/- 27 microg l(-1)) were found in soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive and fish oil group compared with the control group. Hepatic integrity was well retained with the administration of SMOFlipid whereas in patients receiving a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil liver enzymes were elevated indicating a lower liver tolerability.

Photocurable acrylic composition, and U. V. curing with development of U. V. absorber

DOEpatents

McKoy, V.B.; Gupta, A.

1992-08-25

In-situ development of an ultraviolet absorber is provided by a compound such as a hydroxy-phenyl-triazole containing a group which protects the absorber during actinically activated polymerization by light at first frequency. After polymerization the protective group is removed by actinic reaction at a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The protective group is formed by replacing the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group with an acyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an acryloxy group of the formula shown in a figure where R[sup 1] is either an alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CH[double bond]CH[sub 2]. 2 figs.

[Clinical effects of micro-implant and traditional anchorage in orthodontic treatments].

PubMed

Qian, Yi; Zhou, Hua-Jie; Wu, Jian-Hua

2017-06-01

To analyze the value of micro-implant and traditional anchorage in the treatment of malocclusion. From Jan 2015 to Jan 2016, 20 cases with malocclusion were randomly divided into control group(10) and experimental group (10). A comparison was conducted between the control group, in which traditional anchorage was used and the experimental group, in which micro-implant anchorage was adopted. The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software package. There was significant difference of U1-NA, L1-NB, U1-APg, U6-PtPNS between the 2 groups(P<0.05). Adverse reaction was not found in the control group, but 8% in the experimental group(P<0.05). Micro-implant anchorage can improve overjet relation of the anterior teeth and effect of orthodontic treatment.

Efficacy of a New Medical Information system, Ubiquitous Healthcare Service with Voice Inception Technique in Elderly Diabetic Patients.

PubMed

Kim, Kyoung Min; Park, Kyeong Seon; Lee, Hyun Ju; Lee, Yun Hee; Bae, Ji Seon; Lee, Young Joon; Choi, Sung Hee; Jang, Hak Chul; Lim, Soo

2015-12-11

We have demonstrated previously that an individualized health management system using advanced medical information technology, named ubiquitous (u)-healthcare, was helpful in achieving better glycemic control than routine care. Recently, we generated a new u-healthcare system using a voice inception technique for elderly diabetic patients to communicate information about their glucose control, physical activity, and diet more easily. In a randomized clinical trial, 70 diabetic patients aged 60-85 years were assigned randomly to a standard care group or u-healthcare group for 6 months. The primary end points were the changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose fluctuation assessed by the mean amplitude glycemic excursion (MAGE). Changes in body weight, lifestyle, and knowledge about diabetes were also investigated. After 6 months, the HbA1c levels decreased significantly in the u-healthcare group (from 8.6 ± 1.0% to 7.5 ± 0.6%) compared with the standard care group (from 8.7 ± 0.9% to 8.2 ± 1.1%, P < 0.01). The MAGE decreased more in the u-healthcare group than in the standard care group. Systolic blood pressure and body weight decreased and liver functions improved in the u-healthcare group, but not in the standard care group. The u-healthcare system with voice inception technique was effective in achieving glycemic control without hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01891474).

Response of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein to contrast media administration has a potential to predict one-year renal outcome in patients with ischemic heart disease.

PubMed

Fujita, Daishi; Takahashi, Masao; Doi, Kent; Abe, Mitsuru; Tazaki, Junichi; Kiyosue, Arihiro; Myojo, Masahiro; Ando, Jiro; Fujita, Hideo; Noiri, Eisei; Sugaya, Takeshi; Hirata, Yasunobu; Komuro, Issei

2015-05-01

Urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding proteins (uL-FABP) have recently been recognized as a useful biomarker for predicting contrast-induced nephropathy. Although accumulating studies have evaluated short-term outcomes, its prognostic value for long-term renal prognosis in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) has not been fully examined. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of uL-FABP for long-term renal outcome in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Consecutive 24 patients with impaired renal function (serum creatinine >1.2 mg/dL) who underwent CAG were enrolled. uL-FABP was measured before CAG, 24 and 48 h after CAG. The changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) throughout CAG and at 1 year later were compared with the uL-FABP levels. The patients with a greater decrease in eGFR 1 year later had higher uL-FABP levels at all points, but only the value at 48 h after CAG reached statistical significance (lower vs. higher decreased eGFR group, 4.61 ± 3.87 vs. 17.71 ± 12.96; P < 0.01). Measurement of uL-FABP at 48 h after CAG (48h-uL-FABP) showed better correlation with the change in eGFR (pre-CAG uL-FABP vs. 48h-uL-FABP: R = 0.27, P = 0.20 vs. R = 0.65, P < 0.01). Moreover, the high-pre and high-48h-uL-FABP group showed a significantly larger decrease in eGFR compared with the high-pre and low-48h-uL-FABP group (change in eGFR; 8.12 ± 4.06 vs. 1.25 ± 2.23 mL/min/1.73 m2, P < 0.01), although the baseline eGFR levels were similar between these two groups. In this pilot study, measurement of uL-FABP levels at 48 h after CAG may be useful in detecting renal damage, and in predicting 1-year renal outcome in IHD patients undergoing CAG.

78 FR 18624 - U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi-Stakeholder Group (USEITI MSG) Advisory...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-27

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Office of the Secretary [Docket No. ONRR-2012-0003] U.S. Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Multi- Stakeholder Group (USEITI MSG) Advisory Committee AGENCY: Policy..., teleconference and the May 1-2, 2013, meeting of the United States Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative...

The effect of weathering on U-Th-Pb and oxygen isotope systems of ancient zircons from the Jack Hills, Western Australia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pidgeon, R. T.; Nemchin, A. A.; Whitehouse, M. J.

2017-01-01

We report the result of a SIMS U-Th-Pb and O-OH study of 44 ancient zircons from the Jack Hills in Western Australia with ages ranging from 4.3 Ga to 3.3 Ga. We have investigated the behaviour of oxygen isotopes and water in the grains by determining δ18O and OH values at a number of locations on the polished surfaces of each grain. We have divided the zircons into five groups on the basis of their U-Th-Pb and OH-oxygen isotopic behaviour. The first group has concordant U-Th-Pb ages, minimal common Pb, δ18O values consistent with zircons derived from mantle source rocks and no detectable OH content. U-Th-Pb systems in zircons from Groups 2, 3 and 4 vary from concordant to extremely discordant where influenced by cracks. Discordia intercepts with concordia at approximately zero Ma age are interpreted as disturbance of the zircon U-Th-Pb systems by weathering solutions during the extensive, deep weathering that has affected the Archean Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia since at least the Permian. Weathering solutions entering cracks have resulted in an influx of Th and U. δ18O values of Group 2 grains fall approximately within the "mantle" range and OH is within background levels or slightly elevated. δ18O values of Group 3 grains are characterised by an initial trend of decreasing δ18O with increasing OH content. With further increase in OH this trend reverses and δ18O becomes heavier with increasing OH. Group 4 grains have a distinct trend of increasing δ18O with increasing OH. These trends are explained in terms of the reaction of percolating water with the metamict zircon structure and appear to be independent of analytical overlap with cracks. Group five zircons are characterised by U-Pb systems that appear to consist of more than one age but show only minor U-Pb discordance. Nevertheless trends in δ18O versus OH in this group of grains resemble trends seen in the other groups. The observed trends of δ18O with OH in the Jack Hills zircons are similar to those reported in a previous study of zircons from an Archean granite from south-western Australia.

The U(1)-Kepler Problems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Guowu

2010-12-01

Let n ⩾ 2 be a positive integer. To each irreducible representation σ of U(1), a U(1)-Kepler problem in dimension (2n - 1) is constructed and analyzed. This system is superintegrable and when n = 2 it is equivalent to a MICZ-Kepler problem. The dynamical symmetry group of this system is widetildeU(n, n), and the Hilbert space of bound states {{H}}(σ ) is the unitary highest weight representation of widetildeU(n, n) with the minimal positive Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. Furthermore, it is shown that the correspondence between σ ^* (the dual of σ) and {H}(σ ) is the theta-correspondence for dual pair (U(1), U(n,n))subseteq Sp_{4n}({R}).

Urinary NGAL, KIM-1 and L-FABP concentrations in antenatal hydronephrosis.

PubMed

Noyan, Aytul; Parmaksiz, Gonul; Dursun, Hasan; Ezer, Semire Serin; Anarat, Ruksan; Cengiz, Nurcan

2015-10-01

The clinical tests currently in use for obstructive nephropathy (such as renal ultrasonography, differential radionuclide renal scans and urinary creatinine concentration data) are not efficient predictors of the subsequent clinical course. Novel and simple biomarkers are required which, if proven, could be clinically beneficial in determining if a patient is eligible for surgery or reno-protective therapy. More recently, the interest of clinicians has focused on the potential of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) and urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding proteins (uL-FABP) as biomarkers for renal function in children with hydronephrosis (HN). The purpose of this study was to investigate possible clinical applications of uNGAL, uKIM-1 and uL-FABP as beneficial non-invasive biomarkers to determine whether or not surgical intervention is required in children with HN. Renal ultrasonography and radionuclide renal scans were used as diagnostic tools to detect HN. Patients were divided into two groups based on the antero-posterior diameter of their renal pelvis and the presence of dysfunction. Group 1 included 26 children with severe HN (with dysfunction), and group 2 consisted of 36 children with mild HN (without dysfunction). Urine samples were collected from 62 children with HN and 20 healthy children. Hydronephrosis was more common in males than in females, with a male to female ratio of 9:1 in the study sample. The incidence of left kidney involvement (32 patients) was slightly higher than right kidney involvement (28 patients). Compared with controls and group 2, the ratio of uNGAL to creatinine was significantly higher in group 1 (p < 0.05). The biomarker uNGAL/Cr exhibited fairly good diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.68 [95% confidence interval 0.6-0.7] and an optimal cut-off value of 0.16 ng/mg Cr (sensitivity 58%, specificity 75%) (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the uNGAL/Cr ratio and the uKIM-1/Cr ratio (r = 0.582, p < 0.05) and uL-FABP/Cr ratio (r = 0675, p < 0.05) in group 1. The results clearly demonstrated that children with hydronephrosis and dysfunction had significantly increased uNGAL, and uNGAL/Cr concentrations. However, uKIM-1, uKIM-1/Cr, uL-FABP and uL-FABP/Cr concentrations were not significantly different when compared with controls. These results support the use of uNGAL concentrations as an early marker for renal dysfunction in HN. The study clearly demonstrated that pediatric patients with hydronephrosis and dysfunction had significantly higher uNGAL to creatinine concentrations as compared with controls. Copyright © 2015 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. All rights reserved.

Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players

PubMed Central

Drawer, Scott; Pollard, Ben; Eager, Robin; Taylor, Neil; Cook, Christian J.

2016-01-01

This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads were monitored using 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) during 15 (U20s) and 8 (senior) international tournament matches during the 2014 and 2015 seasons. Data on distances, velocities, accelerations, decelerations, high metabolic load (HML) distance and efforts, and number of sprints were derived. Data files from players who played over 60 min (n = 258) were separated firstly into Forwards and Backs, and more specifically into six positional groups; FR–Front Row (prop & hooker), SR–Second Row, BR–Back Row (Flankers & No.8), HB–Half Backs (scrum half & outside half), MF–Midfield (centres), B3 –Back Three (wings & full back) for match analysis. Linear mixed models revealed significant differences between U20 and senior teams in both the forwards and backs. In the forwards the seniors covered greater HML distance (736.4 ± 280.3 vs 701.3 ± 198.7m, p = 0.01) and severe decelerations (2.38 ± 2.2 vs 2.28 ± 1.65, p = 0.05) compared to the U20s, but performed less relative HSR (3.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.01), moderate (19.4 ± 10.5 vs 23.6 ± 10.5, p = 0.01) and high accelerations (2.2 ± 1.9 vs 4.3 ± 2.7, p < 0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.11 ± 0.06 vs 0.11 ± 0.05, p < 0.01). Senior backs covered a greater relative distance (73.3 ± 8.1 vs 69.1 ± 7.6 m•min-1, p < 0.01), greater High Metabolic Load (HML) distance (1138.0 ± 233.5 vs 1060.4 ± 218.1m, p < 0.01), HML efforts (112.7 ± 22.2 vs 98.8 ± 21.7, p < 0.01) and heavy decelerations (9.9 ± 4.3 vs 9.5 ± 4.4, p = 0.04) than the U20s backs. However, the U20s backs performed more relative HSR (7.3 ± 2.1 vs 7.2 ± 2.1, p <0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.26 ± 0.07 vs 0.25 ± 0.07, p < 0.01). Further investigation highlighted differences between the 6 positional groups of the teams. The positional groups that differed the most on the variables measured were the FR and MF groups, with the U20s FR having higher outputs on HSR, moderate & high accelerations, moderate, high & severe decelerations, HML distance, HML efforts, and sprints•min-1. For the MF group the senior players produced greater values for relative distance covered, HSR, moderate decelerations, HML distance and sprint•min-1. The BR position group was most similar with the only differences seen on heavy accelerations (U20s higher) and moderate decelerations (seniors higher). Findings demonstrate that U20s internationals appear to be an adequate ‘stepping stone’ for preparing players for movement characteristics found senior International rugby, however, the current study highlight for the first time that certain positional groups may require more time to be able to match the movement demands required at a higher playing level than others. Conditioning staff must also bear in mind that the U20s players whilst maintaining or improving match movement capabilities may require to gain substantial mass in some positions to match their senior counterparts. PMID:27824865

Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players.

PubMed

Cunningham, Daniel J; Shearer, David A; Drawer, Scott; Pollard, Ben; Eager, Robin; Taylor, Neil; Cook, Christian J; Kilduff, Liam P

2016-01-01

This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads were monitored using 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) during 15 (U20s) and 8 (senior) international tournament matches during the 2014 and 2015 seasons. Data on distances, velocities, accelerations, decelerations, high metabolic load (HML) distance and efforts, and number of sprints were derived. Data files from players who played over 60 min (n = 258) were separated firstly into Forwards and Backs, and more specifically into six positional groups; FR-Front Row (prop & hooker), SR-Second Row, BR-Back Row (Flankers & No.8), HB-Half Backs (scrum half & outside half), MF-Midfield (centres), B3 -Back Three (wings & full back) for match analysis. Linear mixed models revealed significant differences between U20 and senior teams in both the forwards and backs. In the forwards the seniors covered greater HML distance (736.4 ± 280.3 vs 701.3 ± 198.7m, p = 0.01) and severe decelerations (2.38 ± 2.2 vs 2.28 ± 1.65, p = 0.05) compared to the U20s, but performed less relative HSR (3.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.01), moderate (19.4 ± 10.5 vs 23.6 ± 10.5, p = 0.01) and high accelerations (2.2 ± 1.9 vs 4.3 ± 2.7, p < 0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.11 ± 0.06 vs 0.11 ± 0.05, p < 0.01). Senior backs covered a greater relative distance (73.3 ± 8.1 vs 69.1 ± 7.6 m•min-1, p < 0.01), greater High Metabolic Load (HML) distance (1138.0 ± 233.5 vs 1060.4 ± 218.1m, p < 0.01), HML efforts (112.7 ± 22.2 vs 98.8 ± 21.7, p < 0.01) and heavy decelerations (9.9 ± 4.3 vs 9.5 ± 4.4, p = 0.04) than the U20s backs. However, the U20s backs performed more relative HSR (7.3 ± 2.1 vs 7.2 ± 2.1, p <0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.26 ± 0.07 vs 0.25 ± 0.07, p < 0.01). Further investigation highlighted differences between the 6 positional groups of the teams. The positional groups that differed the most on the variables measured were the FR and MF groups, with the U20s FR having higher outputs on HSR, moderate & high accelerations, moderate, high & severe decelerations, HML distance, HML efforts, and sprints•min-1. For the MF group the senior players produced greater values for relative distance covered, HSR, moderate decelerations, HML distance and sprint•min-1. The BR position group was most similar with the only differences seen on heavy accelerations (U20s higher) and moderate decelerations (seniors higher). Findings demonstrate that U20s internationals appear to be an adequate 'stepping stone' for preparing players for movement characteristics found senior International rugby, however, the current study highlight for the first time that certain positional groups may require more time to be able to match the movement demands required at a higher playing level than others. Conditioning staff must also bear in mind that the U20s players whilst maintaining or improving match movement capabilities may require to gain substantial mass in some positions to match their senior counterparts.

[The establishment of the arsenic poisoning rats model caused by corn flour baked by high-arsenic coal].

PubMed

Yao, Mao-lin; Zhang, Ai-hua; Yu, Chun; Xu, Yu-yan; Hu, Yong; Xiao, Ting-ting; Wang, Lei

2013-09-01

To establish coal arsenic poisoning rat model by feeding the rats with the corn powder baked by high arsenic coal as the main raw material. Fifty Wistar rats, healthy, were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the figures of their weights, including control group, drinking arsenic poisoning water group, low, medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group, 10 rats for each.Rats in control group and drinking arsenic poisoning water group were fed with standard feed without any arsenic containing. Rats in water group would drink 100 mg/L As2O3 solution and the rats in arsenic grain groups would be fed with the arsenic contaminated grain at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The duration would last for 3 months.General situation and weight were observed. At the same time, the arsenic contents of urine, hair, liver and kidney of the rats in each group were detected, as well as the histopathology changes of liver and kidney, and the ultra structure of liver was observed. The arsenic contents of urine (median(min-max)) of the rats in the arsenic water group, low, medium and high arsenic grain groups were separately 3055.59 (722.43-6389.05), 635.96(367.85-1551.31), 1453.84 (593.27-5302.94) and 3101.11 (666.64-6858.61) µg/g Cr; while the arsenic contents of hair of the rats in the above groups were separately (23.07 ± 10.38), (8.87 ± 3.31), (12.43 ± 6.65) and (25.68 ± 7.16) µg/g; the arsenic contents of liver of the rats in the above groups were separately (5.68 ± 3.13), (2.64 ± 1.52), (3.89 ± 1.76) and (5.34 ± 2.78) µg/g; and the arsenic contents of kidney were separately (6.90 ± 1.94), (3.48 ± 1.96), (5.03 ± 2.08) and (7.02 ± 1.62) µg/g; which were all significantly higher than those in the control group (86.70 (49.71-106.104) µg/g Cr,(1.28 ± 0.37) µg/g, (1.01 ± 0.34) µg/g and (1.82 ± 1.09) µg/g, respectively). The difference showed significance (P < 0.05). Under electron microscope detection, we observed the reduction of mitochondrial, the blurred mitochondrial cristae, some disappeared ridges, the reduced rough endoplasmic reticulum, and irregular uneven nuclear in the liver cells of rats in arsenic contaminated grain group. The contents of aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) in medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group were respectively (196.17 ± 46.18), (212.40 ± 35.14) U/L and (11.74 ± 4.07), (19.19 ± 4.68)µmol/L, which were higher than it in the control group (separately (143.10 ± 29.13) U/L and (6.23 ± 2.95)µmol/L). The contents of glutathione-S-transferases(GST), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)in high arsenic contaminated grain group were separately (196.21 ± 47.38)U/L, (1.71 ± 0.66)U/L, (9.54 ± 1.95)mmol/L, which were higher than that in the control group ((134.93 ± 24.80 )U/L, (0.75 ± 0.36)U/L, (7.67 ± 1.02)mmol/L, respectively). The contents of cholinesterase (CHE) in low, medium and high arsenic contaminated grain group were separately (259.90 ± 52.71)U/L, (263.44 ± 66.06)U/L and (244.90 ± 36.14)U/L, the contents of total protein(TP) in rats of high arsenic contaminated grain group were (62.64 ± 5.50)g/L, which was all lower than that in the control group ((448.33 ± 59.67)U/L, (69.38 ± 4.24)g/L, respectively). The contents of TBA in high arsenic contaminated grain group ( (19.19 ± 4.68) µmol/L) was higher than that in drinking water arsenic poisoning group ((15.15 ± 2.64)µmol/L). The differences of the above indexes were all significant (P < 0.05). The results showed the arsenic poisoning rat model produced by coal-burning were successfully established.

Computer Software Used in U.S. Army Anthropometric Survey 1987-1988

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-06-30

necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP - HARDWARE, ANTHROPOMETRY SVRM _SOFTWARE, EDITING MEASUREMENT ERROR. l ABSTRACT...2. Churchill, Edmund, John T. McConville, Lloyd L. Laubach and Robert M. White. 1971. Anthropometry of U.S.-Army Aviators - 1970. Technical Report...72-52-CE (AD 743 528). U.S. Army Laboratories, Natick, Massachusetts. 3. Hertzberg, H.T.E., G.S. Daniels and Edmund Churchill. 1954. Anthropometry of

Radiative breaking of the minimal supersymmetric left–right model

DOE PAGES

Okada, Nobuchika; Papapietro, Nathan

2016-03-03

We study a variation to the SUSY Left-Right symmetric model based on the gauge group SU(3) c×SU(2) L×SU(2) R×U(1) BL. Beyond the quark and lepton superfields we only introduce a second Higgs bidoublet to produce realistic fermion mass matrices. This model does not include any SU(2) R triplets. We also calculate renormalization group evolutions of soft SUSY parameters at the one-loop level down to low energy. We find that an SU(2) R slepton doublet acquires a negative mass squared at low energies, so that the breaking of SU(2) R×U(1) BL→U(1) Y is realized by a non-zero vacuum expectation value ofmore » a right-handed sneutrino. Small neutrino masses are produced through neutrino mixings with gauginos. We obtained mass limits on the SU(2) R×U(1) BL sector by direct search results at the LHC as well as lepton-gaugino mixing bounds from the LEP precision data.« less

Procollagen-III peptide and chronic viral C hepatitis.

PubMed

Jeffers, L J; Coelho-Little, M E; Cheinquer, H; Vargas, C; Civantos, F; Alvarez, L; Reddy, K R; Parker, T; de Medina, M; Li, X

1995-09-01

Chronic hepatitis develops in at least half of persons acutely infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Ten to 25% of these patients will develop cirrhosis. Serum procollagen-III peptide (PIIIP) may be of value in predicting the development of chronic active fibrogenic liver disease. It has been reported that in chronic viral C hepatitis, the levels of hepatitis C virus-RNA (HCV-RNA) correlate directly with the severity of hepatic histology and inversely with response to interferon therapy. The aims of this study were to correlate the level of PIIIP with HCV-RNA concentrations, ALT values, and histological severity in patients with chronic viral C hepatitis. Eighty-six patients with chronic C hepatitis were divided into three groups: group I (n = 34), mild chronic active hepatitis, group II (n = 25), moderate to severe chronic active hepatitis, and group III (n = 27), cirrhosis. HCV-RNA was measured by Quantiplex, and PIIIP was measured by radioimmunoassay-gnostic assay. Mean +/- SD level of ALT in group I was 114 +/- 48 U/L, group II was 169 +/- 115 U/L, and group III was 160 +/- 94 U/L. The mean +/- SD level of HCV-RNA in group I was 110 +/- 130 x 10(5) Eq/ml, in group II was 140 +/- 140 x 10(5) Eq/ml, and in group III was 70 +/- 80 x 105 Eq/ml. The mean +/- SD level of PIIIP in group I was 0.6 +/- 0.2 U/ml, in group II was 0.9 +/- 0.4 U/ml, and in group III was 1.2 +/- 0.6. There was a significant difference in the levels of PIIIP among the three groups (p = 0.0001). There was no correlation among ALT, HCV-RNA, and PIIIP in any of the three groups. PIIIP peptide determinations in patients with chronic viral C hepatitis are reflective of histological severity and may provide relatively noninvasive means of following disease progression.

UTa 2O(S 2) 3Cl 6: A ribbon structure containing a heterobimetallic 5 d-5 f M 3 cluster

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wells, Daniel M.; Chan, George H.; Ellis, Donald E.; Ibers, James A.

2010-02-01

A new solid-state compound containing a heterobimetallic cluster of U and Ta, UTa 2O(S 2) 3Cl 6, has been synthesized and its structure has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. UTa 2O(S 2) 3Cl 6 was synthesized from UCl 4 and Ta 1.2S 2 at 883 K. The O is believed to have originated in the Ta 1.2S 2 reactant. The compound crystallizes in the space group P1¯ of the triclinic system. The structure comprises a UTa 2 unit bridged by μ 2-S 2 and μ 3-O groups. Each Ta atom bonds to two μ 2-S 2, the μ 3-O, and two terminal Cl atoms. Each U atom bonds to two μ 2-S 2, the μ 3-O, and four Cl atoms. The Cl atoms bridge in pairs to neighboring U atoms to form a ribbon structure. The bond distances are normal and are consistent with formal oxidation states of +IV/+V/-II/-I/-I for U/Ta/O/S/Cl, respectively. The optical absorbance spectrum displays characteristic transition peaks near the absorption edge. Density functional theory was used to assign these peaks to transitions between S 1- valence-band states and empty U 5 f-6 d hybrid bands. Density-of-states analysis shows overlap between Ta 5 d and U bands, consistent with metal-metal interactions.

Neurostimulation in ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block: a prospective randomized trial.

PubMed

Dingemans, Emmanuel; Williams, Stephan R; Arcand, Geneviève; Chouinard, Philippe; Harris, Patrick; Ruel, Monique; Girard, François

2007-05-01

Ultrasound guidance (USG) for infraclavicular blocks provides real time visualization of the advancing needle and local anesthetic distribution. Whether visualization of local anesthetic spread can supplant neurostimulation as the end point for local anesthetic injection during USG block has never been formally evaluated. Therefore, for this prospective randomized study, we recruited 72 patients scheduled for hand or forearm surgery and compared the speed of execution and quality of USG infraclavicular block with either USG alone (Group U) or USG combined with neurostimulation (Group S). In Group U, local anesthetic was deposited in a U-shaped distribution posterior and to each side of the axillary artery using as few injections as possible (1, 2, and 3 injections in 29, 6, and 3 patients, respectively). In Group S, a single injection was made after obtaining a distal motor response with a stimulating current between 0.3 and 0.6 mA. The anesthetic solution consisted of 0.5 mL/kg of lidocaine 1.5%, bupivacaine 0.125%, and epinephrine 1:200 000 (final concentrations). Procedure times were significantly shorter in Group U compared with Group S (3.1 +/- 1.6 min and 5.2 +/- 4.7 min, respectively; P = 0.006). In Group S, anesthetic spread was mainly anterior to the axillary artery in 37% of patients and mainly posterior in 63% of patients. Thirty minutes after the injection, 86% of patients in Group U had complete sensory block in the musculocutaneous, median, radial, and ulnar nerve territories compared with 57% in Group S (P = 0.007). Patients blocked in Group U with a single injection had the same rate of complete block (86%) as those blocked with more than one injection (86%). Block supplementation rates were 8% in Group U versus 26% in Group S (P = 0.049). Block failure occurred in one patient in Group S because of an inability to obtain a distal stimulation after 20 min. We conclude that USG infraclavicular block is more rapidly performed and yields a higher success rate when visualization of local anesthetic spread is used as the end point for injection. Posterolateral spread of local anesthetic around the axillary artery predicts successful block, circumventing the need for direct nerve visualization.

Effect of montelukast monotherapy on oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage in children with asthma.

PubMed

Dilek, Fatih; Ozkaya, Emin; Kocyigit, Abdurrahim; Yazici, Mebrure; Kesgin, Siddika; Gedik, Ahmet Hakan; Cakir, Erkan

2015-01-01

There is ample knowledge reported in the literature about the role of oxidative stress in asthma pathogenesis. It is also known that the interaction of reactive oxygen species with DNA may result in DNA strand breaks. The aim of this study was to investigate if montelukast monotherapy affects oxidative stress and DNA damage parameters in a population of pediatric asthma patients. Group I consisted of 31 newly diagnosed asthmatic patients not taking any medication, and group II consisted of 32 patients who had been treated with montelukast for at least 6 months. Forty healthy control subjects were also enrolled in the study. Plasma total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured to assess oxidative stress. DNA damage was assessed by means of alkaline comet assay. The patients in both group I and group II had statistically significant higher plasma TOS (13.1 ± 4 and 11.1 ± 4.1 μmol H2O2 equivalent/liter, respectively) and low TAS levels (1.4 ± 0.5 and 1.5 ± 0.5 mmol Trolox equivalent/liter, respectively) compared with the control group (TOS: 6.3 ± 3.5 μmol H2O2 equivalent/liter and TAS: 2.7 ± 0.6 mmol Trolox equivalent/liter; p < 0.05). DNA damage was 18.2 ± 1.0 arbitrary units (a.u.) in group I, 16.7 ± 8.2 a.u. in group II and 13.7 ± 3.4 a.u. in the control group. There were statistically significant differences only between group I and the control group (p < 0.05). According to the findings, montelukast therapy makes only minimal but not statistically significant improvement in all TOS, TAS and DNA damage parameters. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

5-Substituents in the uridine moiety and their effect on the conformation of ApU-type dinucleoside phosphates.

PubMed

Hillen, W; Gassen, G

1978-03-29

The ApU analogues ApT, Apcl5U, Apbr5U, Apa5U and Apno5(2)U were synthesized with the aid of ribonuclease U2 starting from 2',3'-cyclic Ap and the respective uridine derivatives. For these compounds the ultraviolet data, the difference spectra, the hypochromism and the temperature dependence of the CD spectra are reported. The dimerisation shifts of the pyrimidine protons which were obtained from the 100 MHz PMR spectra confirm the optical results. The influence of the substituents in the 5 position of the uracil ring on base-base interaction and the conformation of the dinucleoside phosphates is discussed with respect to the van der Waals radii and the electronic effects of these groups. As calculated from the hypochromism the dinucleoside phosphates can be arranged according to decreasing base-base interaction: Apno5(2)U greater than Apbr5U approximately ApT greater than Apcl5U greater than ApU greater than Apa5U.

Physical Demands of Representative Match-Play in Adolescent Rugby Union.

PubMed

Read, Dale B; Jones, Ben; Phibbs, Padraic J; Roe, Gregory A B; Darrall-Jones, Joshua D; Weakley, Jonathon J S; Till, Kevin

2017-05-01

Read, DB, Jones, B, Phibbs, PJ, Roe, GAB, Darrall-Jones, J, Weakley, JJS, and Till, K. Physical demands of representative match-play in adolescent rugby union. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1290-1296, 2017-The purpose of this study was to quantify the physical demands of representative adolescent rugby union match-play and investigate the difference between playing positions and age groups. Players (n = 112) were classified into 6 groups by playing position (forwards and backs) and age group (U16, U18, and U20). The physical demands were measured using microsensor-based technology and analyzed using magnitude-based inferences to assess practical importance. Backs had a greater relative distance (except U16s) and a greater high-speed running distance per minute than forwards, with the magnitude of difference between the positions becoming larger in older age groups. Forwards had higher values of PlayerLoad (PL) per minute (accumulated accelerations from the 3 axes of movement) and PL slow per minute (accumulated accelerations from the 3 axes of movement where velocity is <2 m·s) than backs at all age groups. Relative distance, low-, and high-speed running per minute all had a trend to be lower in older age groups for both positions. PlayerLoad per minute was greater in U18 than that in U16 and U20 for both positions. PlayerLoad slow per minute was greater for older age groups besides the U18 and U20 comparisons, which were unclear. The contrasts in physical demands experienced by different positions reinforce the need for greater exposure to sprinting and collision-based activity for backs and forwards, respectively. Given PL metrics peak at U18 and locomotor demands seem to be lower in older ages, the demands of representative adolescent rugby union do not seem to be greater at U20 as expected.

Charge distribution and local structure and speciation in the UO 2+x and PuO 2+x binary oxides for x⩽0.25

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Conradson, Steven D.; Begg, Bruce D.; Clark, David L.; den Auwer, Christophe; Ding, Mei; Dorhout, Peter K.; Espinosa-Faller, Francisco J.; Gordon, Pamela L.; Haire, Richard G.; Hess, Nancy J.; Hess, Ryan F.; Webster Keogh, D.; Lander, Gerard H.; Manara, Dario; Morales, Luis A.; Neu, Mary P.; Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia; Rebizant, Jean; Rondinella, Vincenzo V.; Runde, Wolfgang; Drew Tait, C.; Kirk Veirs, D.; Villella, Phillip M.; Wastin, Franck

2005-02-01

The local structure and chemical speciation of the mixed valence, fluorite-based oxides UO 2+x (0.00⩽ x⩽0.20) and PuO 2+x/PuO 2+x-y(OH) 2y· zH 2O have been determined by U/Pu L III XAFS spectroscopy. The U spectra indicate (1) that the O atoms are incorporated as oxo groups at short (1.75 Å) U-O distances consistent with U(VI) concomitant with a large range of U displacements that reduce the apparent number of U neighbors and (2) that the UO 2 fraction remains intact implying that these O defects interact to form clusters and give the heterogeneous structure consistent with the diffraction patterns. The PuO 2+x system, which does not show a separate phase at its x=0.25 endpoint, also displays (1) oxo groups at longer 1.9 Å distances consistent with Pu(V+ δ), (2) a multisite Pu-O distribution even when x is close to zero indicative of the formation of stable species with H 2O and its hydrolysis products with O 2-, and (3) a highly disordered, spectroscopically invisible Pu-Pu component. The structure and bonding in AnO 2+x are therefore more complicated than have previously been assumed and show both similarities but also distinct differences among the different elements.

Analysis of Covariance Computer Program with Multiple Covariates and Forecast Capability.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-04-30

Gout NUMo 0( t 222 0000.000145000.000 200,000 0.000 CASE OU14OSEN I GROUP 0U0[ 3477 ISO .00014SO00.000 200.000 0.000 CASE 0UP00( 97 GROUP PUNIER 3529...U00000 252 G5000 500515 2 .2535 ISO .000 70000.000 200 000 ’S 000 A -28 ~ ~ ~ . . .... . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. - r...27 .04001.0 .40474741.00 -.145102 - 4 27 .2600-0 .0600 0 .6644421-02 .2 275 . 27001 00.4307.00 -. 312011-0-2 -2 27 .40001.0 0 .402410100: -469476E-02 21

Investigation of the recognition of an important uridine in an internal loop of a hairpin ribozyme prepared using post-synthetically modified oligonucleotides.

PubMed Central

Komatsu, Y; Kumagai, I; Ohtsuka, E

1999-01-01

We introduced 4-thio- ((4S)U), 2-thio- ((2S)U), 4- O -methyluridine ((4Me)U) and cytidine substitutions for U+2, which is an important base for cleavage in a substrate RNA. Oligonucleotides containing 4-thio- and 4- O -methyluridine were prepared by a new convenient post-synthetic modification method using a 4- O - p -nitrophenyl-uridine derivative. A hairpin ribozyme cleaved the substrate RNA with either C+2, (4S)U+2 or (4Me)U+2 at approximately 14-, 6- and 4-fold lower rates, respectively, than that of the natural substrate. In contrast, the substrate with a (2S)U+2 was cleaved with the same activity as the natural substrate. These results suggest that the O4 of U+2 is involved in hydrogen bonding at loop A, but the O2 of U+2 is not recognized by the active residues. Circular dichroism data of the ribozymes containing (4S)U+2 and (2S)U+2, as well as the susceptibility of the thiocarbonyl group to hydrogen peroxide, suggest that a conformational change of U+2 occurs during the domain docking in the cleavage reaction. We propose here the conformational change of U+2 from the ground state to the active molecule during the reaction. PMID:10536137

Diagnostic utility of alpha-fetoprotein and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin in nigerians with hepatocellular carcinoma.

PubMed

Ette, Akpakip Ikpong; Ndububa, D A; Adekanle, O; Ekrikpo, U

2017-10-01

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) have been extensively studied as biomarkers for the diagnosis of and prognostication in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However there are only few reports on the clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in relation to the combination of the two tumor markers in hepatitis B virus-related HCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of HBV-related HCC in relation to different sets of AFP and DCP values. Sixty-two patients with untreated HCC were studied. The positive value of AFP was set at 20 1U/L while DCP positive value was set at 150 mAU/ml. Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1(n=36) with AFP ≥ 20 IU/L and DCP ≥ 150 mAU/ml. Group 2(n=24) with AFP <20 1U/L and DCP ≥ 150 mAU/ml. Group 3 (n=2) with AFP < 20 1U/L and DCP < 150 mAU/ml. There were no patients in group 4 meant for those with AFP ≥ 20 1U/L and DCP < 150 mAU/ml. Clinical and laboratory variables were compared among the groups. Clinical and laboratory variables were comparable among the groups with the exception of gender and values of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Males were significantly more than females among the groups (p<0.03). ALT values were significantly different among the groups (p<0.006). Paired comparisons between the groups showed the mean values of serum ALT were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1(p<0.003). The mean serum ALT values were also higher in group 2 than in group 3 (p <0.014). There was no significant difference between group 1 and group 3 (P = 0.124). HCC patients who are sero-positive for DCP and sero-negative for AFP have significantly higher levels of serum ALT; serum ALT levels may be of diagnostic importance in AFP-negative, HBV-related HCC patients.

Collagen degradation products and proinflammatory cytokines in systemic and localized scleroderma.

PubMed

Becvár, R; Hulejová, H; Braun, M; Stork, J

2007-01-01

The aim of this study was to assess the degradation of collagen type I and proinflammatory cytokines in systemic and localized scleroderma compared with psoriasis and healthy controls. Total 99 individuals were examined - 24 with SSc, 22 with LSc, 39 patients with PsV and 14 healthy controls. U-PD and U-DPD were measured using a sensitive isocratic HPLC method. Serum levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-2R were assayed using commercial ELISA kits. In the SSc group U-PD and U-DPD levels (nmol/mmol creatinine) were increased compared with controls (P = 0.001) and with PsV (P = 0.006). IL-6 levels were increased compared with controls (P = 0.004) and with PsV (P = 0.002). IL-2R concentrations were insignificantly increased in comparison with controls and were lower than in PsV, but the difference was not significant. In the LSc group excretion of U-PD and U-DPD did not differ from controls, but was insignificantly decreased compared with PsV. IL-6 levels were increased compared with controls (P = 0.001) and also with PsV (P = 0.03). IL-2R concentrations were significantly increased in comparison with controls only (P = 0.03). In patients with SSc our data have shown the most intensive collagen degradation and simultaneously an active inflammation, as documented by IL-6, which reflects the pathological processes in the skin and visceral organs compared with PsV patients and healthy individuals. In the LSc group collagen degradation was similar to that in control groups, but a certain inflammatory activity was observed.

Whole-Body Exposure to 28Si-Radiation Dose-Dependently Disrupts Dentate Gyrus Neurogenesis and Proliferation in the Short Term and New Neuron Survival and Contextual Fear Conditioning in the Long Term.

PubMed

Whoolery, Cody W; Walker, Angela K; Richardson, Devon R; Lucero, Melanie J; Reynolds, Ryan P; Beddow, David H; Clark, K Lyles; Shih, Hung-Ying; LeBlanc, Junie A; Cole, Mara G; Amaral, Wellington Z; Mukherjee, Shibani; Zhang, Shichuan; Ahn, Francisca; Bulin, Sarah E; DeCarolis, Nathan A; Rivera, Phillip D; Chen, Benjamin P C; Yun, Sanghee; Eisch, Amelia J

2017-11-01

Astronauts traveling to Mars will be exposed to chronic low doses of galactic cosmic space radiation, which contains highly charged, high-energy (HZE) particles. 56 Fe-HZE-particle exposure decreases hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis and disrupts hippocampal function in young adult rodents, raising the possibility of impaired astronaut cognition and risk of mission failure. However, far less is known about how exposure to other HZE particles, such as 28 Si, influences hippocampal neurogenesis and function. To compare the influence of 28 Si exposure on indices of neurogenesis and hippocampal function with previous studies on 56 Fe exposure, 9-week-old C57BL/6J and Nestin-GFP mice (NGFP; made and maintained for 10 or more generations on a C57BL/6J background) received whole-body 28 Si-particle-radiation exposure (0, 0.2 and 1 Gy, 300 MeV/n, LET 67 KeV/μ, dose rate 1 Gy/min). For neurogenesis assessment, the NGFP mice were injected with the mitotic marker BrdU at 22 h postirradiation and brains were examined for indices of hippocampal proliferation and neurogenesis, including Ki67 + , BrdU + , BrdU + NeuN + and DCX + cell numbers at short- and long-term time points (24 h and 3 months postirradiation, respectively). In the short-term group, stereology revealed fewer Ki67 + , BrdU + and DCX + cells in 1-Gy-irradiated group relative to nonirradiated control mice, fewer Ki67 + and DCX + cells in 0.2 Gy group relative to control group and fewer BrdU + and DCX + cells in 1 Gy group relative to 0.2 Gy group. In contrast to the clearly observed radiation-induced, dose-dependent reductions in the short-term group across all markers, only a few neurogenesis indices were changed in the long-term irradiated groups. Notably, there were fewer surviving BrdU + cells in the 1 Gy group relative to 0- and 0.2-Gy-irradiated mice in the long-term group. When the short- and long-term groups were analyzed by sex, exposure to radiation had a similar effect on neurogenesis indices in male and female mice, although only male mice showed fewer surviving BrdU + cells in the long-term group. Fluorescent immunolabeling and confocal phenotypic analysis revealed that most surviving BrdU + cells in the long-term group expressed the neuronal marker NeuN, definitively confirming that exposure to 1 Gy 28 Si radiation decreased the number of surviving adult-generated neurons in male mice relative to both 0- and 0.2-Gy-irradiated mice. For hippocampal function assessment, 9-week-old male C57BL/6J mice received whole-body 28 Si-particle exposure and were then assessed long-term for performance on contextual and cued fear conditioning. In the context test the animals that received 0.2 Gy froze less relative to control animals, suggesting decreased hippocampal-dependent function. However, in the cued fear conditioning test, animals that received 1 Gy froze more during the pretone portion of the test, relative to controls and 0.2-Gy-irradiated mice, suggesting enhanced anxiety. Compared to previously reported studies, these data suggest that 28 Si-radiation exposure damages neurogenesis, but to a lesser extent than 56 Fe radiation and that low-dose 28 Si exposure induces abnormalities in hippocampal function, disrupting fear memory but also inducing anxiety-like behavior. Furthermore, exposure to 28 Si radiation decreased new neuron survival in long-term male groups but not females suggests that sex may be an important factor when performing brain health risk assessment for astronauts traveling in space.

Inter-laboratory validation of the modified murine local lymph node assay based on 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation.

PubMed

Kojima, Hajime; Takeyoshi, Masahiro; Sozu, Takashi; Awogi, Takumi; Arima, Kazunori; Idehara, Kenji; Ikarashi, Yoshiaki; Kanazawa, Yukiko; Maki, Eiji; Omori, Takashi; Yuasa, Atsuko; Yoshimura, Isao

2011-01-01

The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a well-established alternative to the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) or Buehler test (BT) for the assessment of the skin sensitizing ability of a drug, cosmetic material, pesticide or industrial chemical. Instead of radioisotope using in this method, Takeyoshi M. et al. (2001) has developed a modified LLNA based on the 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA). The LLNA:BrdU-ELISA is practically identical to the LLNA methodology excluding the use of BrdU, for which a single intraperitoneal injection of BrdU is made on day 4, and colorimetric detection of cell turnover. We conducted the validation study to evaluate the reliability and relevance of LLNA:BrdU-ELISA. The experiment involved 7 laboratories, wherein 10 chemicals were examined under blinded conditions. In this study, 3 chemicals were examined in all laboratories and the remaining 7 were examined in 3 laboratories. The data were expressed as the BrdU incorporation using an ELISA method for each group, and the stimulation index (SI) for each chemical-treated group was determined as the increase in the BrdU incorporation relative to the concurrent vehicle control group. An SI of 2 was set as the cut-off value for exhibiting skin sensitization activity. The results obtained in the experiments conducted for all 10 chemicals were sufficiently consistent with small variations in their SI values. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of LLNA:BrdU-ELISA against those of GPMT/BT were 7/7 (100%), 3/3 (100%), and 10/10 (100%), respectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Effect of investment type and mold temperature on casting accuracy and titanium-ceramic bond.

PubMed

Leal, Mônica Barbosa; Pagnano, Valéria Oliveira; Bezzon, Osvaldo Luiz

2013-01-01

This study evaluated the casting accuracy of crown margins and metal-ceramic shear bond strength (SBS) of pure titanium injected into casting molds made using 2 investment types at 3 mold temperatures. Sixty crown (30-degree beveled finish line) and 60 cylinder (5mm diameter × 8mm high) patterns were divided into 6 groups (n=10), and cast using a phosphate-bonded investment (P) and a magnesium oxide-bonded investment (U), at 400°C (groups P400 and U400), 550°C (groups P550 and U550) and 700°C (groups P700 and U700) mold temperatures. Crown margins were recorded in impression material, the degree of marginal rounding was measured and margin length deficiencies (µm) were calculated. Titanium-ceramic specimens were prepared using Triceram ceramic (2mm high) and SBS was tested. Failure modes were assessed by optical microscopy. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test (α=0.05). For casting accuracy, expressed by marginal deficiency (µm), investment U provided more accurate results (64 ± 11) than P (81 ± 23) (p<0.001). The increase in temperature resulted in different effects for the tested investments (p<0.001), as it provided better casting accuracy for U700 (55 ± 7) and worse for P700 (109 ± 18). Casting accuracy at 700°C (82 ± 31) was significantly different from 400°C (69 ± 9) and 550°C (68 ± 9) (p<0.05). For SBS, there was no significant differences among the groups for factors investment (p=0.062) and temperature (p=0.224), or for their interaction (p=0.149). Investment U provided better casting accuracy than investment P. The SBS was similar for all combinations of investments and temperatures.

Archiving of Planetary Ring Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Elliot, James L.

2001-01-01

Stellar occultation data provide our only Earth-based means of probing planetary rings at kilometer spatial resolution. The occultation data archive at MIT contains original data and analysis products of stellar occultations by the ring systems of the planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune observed by members of the group (and other groups) from 1977 to the present. During this time period, several media have been used to record and store the original and processed data: (1) chart records; (2) printed output, (3) audio reel tape; (4) audio cassette tape; (5) 7-track, 1/2-inch computer tape; (6) 9-track, 1/2-inch computer tape at 800, 1600, and 6250 bpi; (7) NOVA disk platters (2.5 and 5.0 Mbyte); (8) write once optical disks; (9) punched cards; and (10) read-write optical disks. With the rapid change of computer technology over this time period, some of these media have become not only obsolete, but nearly extinct. In particular, it has become nearly impossible to find any facilities that can still read 800 bpi tapes, which contain the only copies of several important data sets for the ring system of Uranus. In particular, we have an extensive ring data collection that includes data sets for the following Uranian ring occultations: U0, U11, U12, U13, U14, U25, U17, and U36.

Multielement chemical and statistical analyses from a uranium hydrogeochemical and stream-sediment survey in and near the Elkhorn Mountains, Jefferson County, Montana; Part II, Stream sediments

USGS Publications Warehouse

Suits, V.J.; Wenrich, K.J.

1982-01-01

Fifty-two stream-sediment samples, collected from an area south of Helena, Jefferson County, Montana, were sieved into two size fractions (50 ppm for the fine fraction) were encountered in samples from the Warm Springs Creek drainage area, along Prickly Pear Creek near Welmer and Golconda Creeks and along Muskrat Creek. All groups showed a significant correlation at the 99 percent confidence level (r between 0.73 and 0.77) between U and Th. Uranium was found to correlate significantly only with Th (as mentioned above) and with -Ni in the fine fraction of the volcanics group. U correlates significantly with -Al2O3, Ba, organic C, -K2O, -Sr and Y in both size fractions for the Boulder batholith. Correlations between U and each of several elements differ for the fine and coarse fractions of the Boulder batholith group, suggesting that the U distribution in these stream sediments is in large part controlled by grain size. Correlations were found between U and CaO, Cr, Fe203, -Na2O, Sc, -SiO2, TiO2, Yb and Zr in the coarse fraction but not in the fine fraction. U correlates weakly (to the 90% confidence level, crc<.37) with -Co and -Cu in the fine but not the coarse fraction. These results are compared to a previous study in the northern Absaroka mountains. Correlation coefficients between all other elements determined from these samples are also shown in Tables 12 to 15.

40 CFR Table 2 to Subpart U of... - Applicability of Subparts F, G, & H of This Part to Subpart U Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 2 Table 2 to Subpart U of Part 63—Applicability of... § 63.482. § 63.112 No §§ 63.113-63.118 Yes With the differences noted in § 63.485 (b) through § 63.485(k) §§ 63.119-63.123 Yes With the differences noted in § 63.484(c) through 63.484(s) 63.484. §§ 63...

Uncontrolled Hemorrhage Differs From Volume- or Pressure-Matched Controlled Hemorrhage in Swine

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-01

differences between these models, we evaluated the relationship between blood volume loss and blood pressure in controlled versus uncontrolled hemorrhage...aortotomy; (2) group P, controlled hemorrhage matched to the blood pressure profile of group U; or (3) group V, controlled hemorrhage matched to the...hemorrhage and received no fluid resuscitation. Group U resulted in a blood loss of 17.6 T 0.7 mL kgj1 and a reduction in blood pressure to 28 T 3 mmHg at

Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on bone regeneration: biochemical and radiologic analyses.

PubMed

Pomini, Karina T; Andreo, Jesus C; Rodrigues, Antonio de C; de O Gonçalves, Jéssica B; Daré, Letícia R; German, Iris J S; Rosa, Geraldo M; Buchaim, Rogerio L

2014-04-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound at 1.0 MHz on the healing process of fractures with bone loss in the rat fibula by alkaline phosphate level measurement and radiologic analyses. Thirty 70-day-old male Wistar rats underwent a bone resection of 2.5 to 3.0 mm between the proximal and middle third of the right fibular diaphysis. The animals were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: reference (uninjured), control (injured only), and treated (injured and treated with 5 applications of ultrasound, interspersed by 2 days of rest, beginning 24 hours after the osteotomy). Euthanasia was performed at experimental periods of 7 and 14 days. The right hind limb was removed for radiologic analysis. The blood was collected via cardiac puncture to determine the serum alkaline phosphatase activity. The bone fractures had not been completely consolidated in the treated and control group when analysis of the bone took place. At day 7, the serum alkaline phosphatase activity was higher in the treated group (mean ± SD, 72.17 ± 7.02 U/L) compared to the control (65.26 ± 8.41 U/L) and reference (67.21 ± 7.86 U/L) groups. At day 14, higher alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the control group (68.96 ± 8.12 U/L) compared to the treated (66.09 ± 8.46 U/L) and reference (67.14 ± 7.96 U/L) groups. The biochemical and radiologic results suggest that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound can be used as an auxiliary method to consolidate fractures and probably reduces the bone healing time, offering clinical benefits.

[Effects of an integrated self-management program on self-management, glycemic control, and maternal identity in women with gestational diabetes mellitus].

PubMed

Kim, HeeSook; Kim, Sue

2013-02-01

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of an integrated self-management program on self-management, glycemic control, and maternal identity in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design was used. A total of 55 women with GDM were recruited from Cheil General Hospital, Seoul, Korea and were assigned to an experimental (n=28) or control group (n=27). The participants were 24-30 weeks pregnant women who had been diagnosed with GDM as of July 30, 2010. The program was conducted as a 1 hour small group meeting 3 out of 5 times and by telephone-counseling 2 out of 5 times. The integrated self-management program was verified by an expert panel. Although there was no significant reduction in HbA1c (U= -1.17, p=.238), there were statistically significant increases in self-management (U= -3.80, p<.001) and maternal identity (U= -4.48, p<.001), and decreased 2-h postprandial glucose levels (U= -2.43, p<.015) in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that an integrated self-management program for women with GDM improves self-management, maternal identity, and glycemic control. Further studies are needed to identify the effects of an integrated self-management program on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Special Technology Area Review on Displays. Report of Department of Defense Advisory Group on Electron Devices Working Group C (Electro-Optics)

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-03-01

mirror device ( DMD ) for C4ISR applications, the IBM 9.2 megapixel 22-in. diagonal active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) monitor for data...FED, VFD, OLED and a variety of microdisplays (uD, comprising uLCD, uOLED, DMD and other MEMs) (see glossary). 3 CDT = cathode display tubes (used in...than SVGA, greater battery life and brightness, decreased weight and thickness, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and development of video

Agility and change of direction in soccer: differences according to the player ages.

PubMed

Fiorilli, Giovanni; Mitrotasios, Michalis; Iuliano, Enzo; Pistone, Eugenio M; Aquino, Giovanna; Calcagno, Giuseppe; DI Cagno, Alessandra

2017-12-01

The goal of this study was to compare the changes of direction speed (CODS) and reactive agility (RA) in soccer players of different ages, in order to optimize the best training of these skills. One hundred eighty-seven players, divided into bi-annual age-groups, U12, U14, U16 and U18, performed two tests: Y-Agility Test, carried out in planned and reactive mode (Y-PLAN and Y-REAC) and Illinois for Change of Direction Test (ICODT). Difference between Y-REAC minus Y-PLAN represents the index of reactivity (REAC-INDEX). MANOVA showed significant differences among groups (F3,182=14.591; P<0.01; η2p=0.244). Y-PLAN showed significant differences only between U12 and the other groups (P<0.01). ICODT results were significantly different between the groups U12 and U14 and the other groups (P<0.01). Significant Pearson's correlations between Y-TEST and ICODT, for the three categories of young players (0.398 P<0.05; 0.615 P<0.01; 0.608 P<0.01 respectively), were found, whereas no significant correlation was found in U18 group. The best performance of Y-PLAN and ICODT, through age, depends on physical skill level, whereas the best RA results depend on technique and experience that help the players to use anticipatory skill. The high correlations between CODS and RA performances, differently than adult athletes, suggest that an effective work program for young players may include RA and CODS training at the same time.

Building a stable RNA U-turn with a protonated cytidine

PubMed Central

Gottstein-Schmidtke, Sina R.; Duchardt-Ferner, Elke; Groher, Florian; Weigand, Julia E.; Gottstein, Daniel; Suess, Beatrix; Wöhnert, Jens

2014-01-01

The U-turn is a classical three-dimensional RNA folding motif first identified in the anticodon and T-loops of tRNAs. It also occurs frequently as a building block in other functional RNA structures in many different sequence and structural contexts. U-turns induce sharp changes in the direction of the RNA backbone and often conform to the 3-nt consensus sequence 5′-UNR-3′ (N = any nucleotide, R = purine). The canonical U-turn motif is stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the N3 imino group of the U residue and the 3′ phosphate group of the R residue as well as a hydrogen bond between the 2′-hydroxyl group of the uridine and the N7 nitrogen of the R residue. Here, we demonstrate that a protonated cytidine can functionally and structurally replace the uridine at the first position of the canonical U-turn motif in the apical loop of the neomycin riboswitch. Using NMR spectroscopy, we directly show that the N3 imino group of the protonated cytidine forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone phosphate 3′ from the third nucleotide of the U-turn analogously to the imino group of the uridine in the canonical motif. In addition, we compare the stability of the hydrogen bonds in the mutant U-turn motif to the wild type and describe the NMR signature of the C+-phosphate interaction. Our results have implications for the prediction of RNA structural motifs and suggest simple approaches for the experimental identification of hydrogen bonds between protonated C-imino groups and the phosphate backbone. PMID:24951555

Cost Effective Repair Techniques for Turbine Airfoils. Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-04-01

BLADES , *GUIDE VANES , *REPAIR, TURBOFAN ENGINES , DIFFUSION BONDING, COST EFFECTIVENESS Identifiers: (U) * Turbine vanes , TF-39 engines , Activated...REPAIR TECHNIQUES FOR TURBINE AIRFOILS J. A. WEIN W. R. YOUNG GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY AIRCRAFT ENGINE GROUP CINCINNATI, OHIO 45215 APRIL 1979...Author: GENERAL ELECTRIC CO CINCINNATI OH AIRCRAFT ENGINE BUSINESS GROUP Unclassified Title: (U) Cost Effective Repair Techniques for

Morbidity ranking of U.S. workers employed in 206 occupations: the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 1986-1994.

PubMed

Lee, David J; Fleming, Lora E; Gómez-Marín, Orlando; LeBlanc, William G; Arheart, Kristopher L; Caban, Alberto J; Christ, Sharon L; Chung-Bridges, Katherine; Pitman, Terry

2006-02-01

The objective of this study was to rank U.S. occupations by worker morbidity. From 1986 through 1994, morbidity information was collected on over 410,000 U.S. workers who participated in the National Health Interview Survey, an annual household survey representative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. A multivariate adjusted logistic regression morbidity summary score was created for each worker group based on seven indicators: days of restricted activity, bedrest, and missed work in the previous 2 weeks; doctor visits and hospitalizations in the previous 12 months; reported health conditions; and health status. Worker groups reporting the greatest morbidity included social workers, inspectors, postal clerks, psychologists, and grinding machine operators; worker groups reporting the least morbidity included dentists, pilots, physicians, pharmacists, and dietitians. These findings aid in the identification of worker groups that require increased attention for morbidity research and prevention.

Efficacy of a novel chelator BPCBG for removing uranium and protecting against uranium-induced renal cell damage in rats and HK-2 cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bao, Yizhong; Wang, Dan; Li, Zhiming

2013-05-15

Chelation therapy is a known effective method to increase the excretion of U(VI) from the body. Until now, no any uranium chelator has been approved for emergency medical use worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of new ligand BPCBG containing two catechol groups and two aminocarboxylic acid groups in decorporation of U(VI) and protection against acute U(VI) nephrotoxicity in rats, and further explored the detoxification mechanism of BPCBG for U(VI)-induced nephrotoxicity in HK-2 cells with comparison to DTPA-CaNa{sub 3}. Chelating agents were administered at various times before or after injections of U(VI) in rats. The U(VI) levelsmore » in urine, kidneys and femurs were measured 24 h after U(VI) injections. Histopathological changes in the kidney and serum urea and creatinine and urine protein were examined. After treatment of U(VI)-exposed HK-2 cells with chelating agent, the intracellular U(VI) contents, formation of micronuclei, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed. It was found that prompt, advanced or delayed injections of BPCBG effectively increased 24 h-urinary U(VI) excretion and decreased the levels of U(VI) in kidney and bone. Meanwhile, BPCBG injection obviously reduced the severity of the U(VI)-induced histological alterations in the kidney, which was in parallel with the amelioration noted in serum indicators, urea and creatinine, and urine protein of U(VI) nephrotoxicity. In U(VI)-exposed HK-2 cells, immediate and delayed treatment with BPCBG significantly decreased the formation of micronuclei and LDH release by inhibiting the cellular U(VI) intake, promoting the intracellular U(VI) release and inhibiting the production of intracellular ROS. Our data suggest that BPCBG is a novel bi-functional U(VI) decorporation agent with a better efficacy than DTPA-CaNa{sub 3}. - Highlights: ► BPCBG accelerated the urine U(VI) excretion and reduced the tissues U(VI) in rats. ► BPCBG can effectively protect against the U(VI)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. ► BPCBG increased the U(VI) release and reduced the U(VI) uptake in HK-2 cells. ► BPCBG decreased the U(VI)-induced MN formation and LDH release in HK-2 cells. ► BPCBG eliminated the U(VI)-induced intracellular ROS in HK-2 cells.« less

Large Controlled Observational Study on Remote Monitoring of Pacemakers and Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators: A Clinical, Economic, and Organizational Evaluation.

PubMed

Dario, Claudio; Delise, Pietro; Gubian, Lorenzo; Saccavini, Claudio; Brandolino, Glauco; Mancin, Silvia

2016-01-13

Patients with implantable devices such as pacemakers (PMs) and implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) should be followed up every 3-12 months, which traditionally required in-clinic visits. Innovative devices allow data transmission and technical or medical alerts to be sent from the patient's home to the physician (remote monitoring). A number of studies have shown its effectiveness in timely detection and management of both clinical and technical events, and endorsed its adoption. Unfortunately, in daily practice, remote monitoring has been implemented in uncoordinated and rather fragmented ways, calling for a more strategic approach. The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of remote monitoring for PM and ICD in a "real world" context compared with in-clinic follow-up. The evaluation focuses on how this service is carried out by Local Health Authorities, the impact on the cardiology unit and the health system, and organizational features promoting or hindering its effectiveness and efficiency. A multi-center, multi-vendor, controlled, observational, prospective study was conducted to analyze the impact of remote monitoring implementation. A total of 2101 patients were enrolled in the study: 1871 patients were followed through remote monitoring of PM/ICD (I-group) and 230 through in-clinic visits (U-group). The follow-up period was 12 months. In-clinic device follow-ups and cardiac visits were significantly lower in the I-group compared with the U-group, respectively: PM, I-group = 0.43, U-group = 1.07, P<.001; ICD, I-group = 0.98, U-group = 2.14, P<.001. PM, I-group = 0.37, U-group = 0.85, P<.001; ICD, I-group = 1.58, U-group = 1.69, P=.01. Hospitalizations for any cause were significantly lower in the I-group for PM patients only (I-group = 0.37, U-group = 0.50, P=.005). There were no significant differences regarding use of the emergency department for both PM and ICD patients. In the I-group, 0.30 (PM) and 0.37 (ICD) real clinical events per patient per year were detected within a mean (SD) time of 1.18 (2.08) days. Mean time spent by physicians to treat a patient was lower in the I-group compared to the U-group (-4.1 minutes PM; -13.7 minutes ICD). Organizational analysis showed that remote monitoring implementation was rather haphazard and fragmented. From a health care system perspective, the economic analysis showed statistically significant gains (P<.001) for the I-group using PM. This study contributes to build solid evidence regarding the usefulness of RM in detecting and managing clinical and technical events with limited use of manpower and other health care resources. To fully gain the benefits of RM of PM/ICD, it is vital that organizational processes be streamlined and standardized within an overarching strategy.

Large Controlled Observational Study on Remote Monitoring of Pacemakers and Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators: A Clinical, Economic, and Organizational Evaluation

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Background Patients with implantable devices such as pacemakers (PMs) and implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) should be followed up every 3–12 months, which traditionally required in-clinic visits. Innovative devices allow data transmission and technical or medical alerts to be sent from the patient's home to the physician (remote monitoring). A number of studies have shown its effectiveness in timely detection and management of both clinical and technical events, and endorsed its adoption. Unfortunately, in daily practice, remote monitoring has been implemented in uncoordinated and rather fragmented ways, calling for a more strategic approach. Objective The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of remote monitoring for PM and ICD in a “real world” context compared with in-clinic follow-up. The evaluation focuses on how this service is carried out by Local Health Authorities, the impact on the cardiology unit and the health system, and organizational features promoting or hindering its effectiveness and efficiency. Methods A multi-center, multi-vendor, controlled, observational, prospective study was conducted to analyze the impact of remote monitoring implementation. A total of 2101 patients were enrolled in the study: 1871 patients were followed through remote monitoring of PM/ICD (I-group) and 230 through in-clinic visits (U-group). The follow-up period was 12 months. Results In-clinic device follow-ups and cardiac visits were significantly lower in the I-group compared with the U-group, respectively: PM, I-group = 0.43, U-group = 1.07, P<.001; ICD, I-group = 0.98, U-group = 2.14, P<.001. PM, I-group = 0.37, U-group = 0.85, P<.001; ICD, I-group = 1.58, U-group = 1.69, P=.01. Hospitalizations for any cause were significantly lower in the I-group for PM patients only (I-group = 0.37, U-group = 0.50, P=.005). There were no significant differences regarding use of the emergency department for both PM and ICD patients. In the I-group, 0.30 (PM) and 0.37 (ICD) real clinical events per patient per year were detected within a mean (SD) time of 1.18 (2.08) days. Mean time spent by physicians to treat a patient was lower in the I-group compared to the U-group (-4.1 minutes PM; -13.7 minutes ICD). Organizational analysis showed that remote monitoring implementation was rather haphazard and fragmented. From a health care system perspective, the economic analysis showed statistically significant gains (P<.001) for the I-group using PM. Conclusions This study contributes to build solid evidence regarding the usefulness of RM in detecting and managing clinical and technical events with limited use of manpower and other health care resources. To fully gain the benefits of RM of PM/ICD, it is vital that organizational processes be streamlined and standardized within an overarching strategy. PMID:26764170

CryoEM structures of two spliceosomal complexes: starter and dessert at the spliceosome feast.

PubMed

Nguyen, Thi Hoang Duong; Galej, Wojciech P; Fica, Sebastian M; Lin, Pei-Chun; Newman, Andrew J; Nagai, Kiyoshi

2016-02-01

The spliceosome is formed on pre-mRNA substrates from five small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 snRNPs), and numerous non-snRNP factors. Saccharomyces cerevisiae U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP comprises U5 snRNA, U4/U6 snRNA duplex and approximately 30 proteins and represents a substantial part of the spliceosome before activation. Schizosaccharomyces pombe U2.U6.U5 spliceosomal complex is a post-catalytic intron lariat spliceosome containing U2 and U5 snRNPs, NTC (nineteen complex), NTC-related proteins (NTR), U6 snRNA, and an RNA intron lariat. Two recent papers describe near-complete atomic structures of these complexes based on cryoEM single-particle analysis. The U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP structure provides crucial insight into the activation mechanism of the spliceosome. The U2.U6.U5 complex reveals the striking architecture of NTC and NTR and important features of the group II intron-like catalytic RNA core remaining after spliced mRNA is released. These two structures greatly advance our understanding of the mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yamashita, T.; Fujino, T.; Masaki, N.

The structural parameters of ..cap alpha..- and ..beta..-CdUO/sub 4/ crystals are determined by x-ray powder diffraction technique. ..cap alpha..-CdUO/sub 4/ is rhombohedral and cell parameters are a = 6.233(3) A and ..cap alpha.. = 36.12(5)/sup 0/. ..beta..-CdUO/sub 4/ crystallizes in a C-centered orthorhombic cell with a = 7.023(4), b = 6.849(3), c = 3.514(2) A. The space groups are R3m for ..cap alpha..-CdUO/sub 4/ and Cmmm for ..beta..-CdUO/sub 4/. ..cap alpha..-CdUO/sub 4/: 1U in (000), 1Cd in (1/2 1/2 1/2), 2O(1) in +-(uuu), 2O(2) in +-(vvv); u = 0.113, v= 0.350, Z = 1. ..beta..-CdUO/sub 4/: 2U in (000; 1/2more » 1/2 0), 2Cd in (1/2 0 1/2; 0 1/2 1/2), 40(1) in (0, +-y, 0; 1/2, 1/2 +-y, 0), 4O(2) in (+-x, 0, 1/2; 1/2 +-x, 1/2, 1/2); x = 0.159, y = 0.278, Z = 2. ..beta..-CdUO/sub 4/ contains collinear uranyl UO/sub 2//sup 2 +/ groups with a U-O(1) distance of 1.91 A, located either along or parallel to the c axis whereas the U-O(1) bond length in ..cap alpha..-CdUO/sub 4/ is 1.98 A which is longer than the usual uranyl bond length.« less

Variable microstructural response of baddeleyite to shock metamorphism in young basaltic shergottite NWA 5298 and improved U-Pb dating of Solar System events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Darling, James R.; Moser, Desmond E.; Barker, Ivan R.; Tait, Kim T.; Chamberlain, Kevin R.; Schmitt, Axel K.; Hyde, Brendt C.

2016-06-01

The accurate dating of igneous and impact events is vital for the understanding of Solar System evolution, but has been hampered by limited knowledge of how shock metamorphism affects mineral and whole-rock isotopic systems used for geochronology. Baddeleyite (monoclinic ZrO2) is a refractory mineral chronometer of great potential to date these processes due to its widespread occurrence in achondrites and robust U-Pb isotopic systematics, but there is little understanding of shock-effects on this phase. Here we present new nano-structural measurements of baddeleyite grains in a thin-section of the highly-shocked basaltic shergottite Northwest Africa (NWA) 5298, using high-resolution electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) techniques, to investigate shock-effects and their linkage with U-Pb isotopic disturbance that has previously been documented by in-situ U-Pb isotopic analyses. The shock-altered state of originally igneous baddeleyite grains is highly variable across the thin-section and often within single grains. Analyzed grains range from those that preserve primary (magmatic) twinning and trace-element zonation (baddeleyite shock Group 1), to quasi-amorphous ZrO2 (Group 2) and to recrystallized micro-granular domains of baddeleyite (Group 3). These groups correlate closely with measured U-Pb isotope compositions. Primary igneous features in Group 1 baddeleyites (n = 5) are retained in high shock impedance grain environments, and an average of these grains yields a revised late-Amazonian magmatic crystallization age of 175 ± 30 Ma for this shergottite. The youngest U-Pb dates occur from Group 3 recrystallized nano- to micro-granular baddeleyite grains, indicating that it is post-shock heating and new mineral growth that drives much of the isotopic disturbance, rather than just shock deformation and phase transitions. Our data demonstrate that a systematic multi-stage microstructural evolution in baddeleyite results from a single cycle of shock-loading, heating and cooling during transit to space, and that this leads to variable disturbance of the U-Pb isotope system. Furthermore, by linking in-situ U-Pb isotopic measurements with detailed micro- to nano-structural analyses, it is possible to resolve the timing of both endogenic crustal processes and impact events in highly-shocked planetary materials using baddeleyite. This opens up new opportunities to refine the timing of major events across the Solar System.

Ionizing radiation and tritium transmutation both cause formation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in cellular DNA.

PubMed Central

Teebor, G W; Frenkel, K; Goldstein, M S

1984-01-01

HeLa cells grown in the presence of [methyl-3H]thymidine contained large amounts of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (HMdU) in their DNA. When the cells were grown in [6-3H]thymidine and their DNA was labeled to the same specific activity, no HMdU was present. When such [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were exposed to increasing amounts of gamma-radiation, small but increasing amounts of HMdU were formed in their DNA. This indicates that HMdU can be formed in DNA by two distinct mechanisms. The first is the result of the transmutation of 3H to 3He (beta decay) in the methyl group of thymidine, leading to formation of a carbocation. This short-lived ion reacts with hydroxide ions of water, yielding the hydroxymethyl group. HMdU that is formed by this mechanism is formed at the rate of beta decay of 3H. It appears only in [methyl-3H]thymidine residues and is present in the DNA of both nonirradiated and gamma-irradiated cells. The second mechanism is the result of the radiolysis of water caused by ionizing radiation. The resultant radical species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, may react with many sites on DNA. When the methyl group of thymine is attacked by hydroxyl radicals, the hydroxymethyl group is formed. The formation of HMdU by this mechanism was detected only when [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were used, since transmutation of 3H in position 6 of thymine cannot yield HMdU. PMID:6582490

Ionizing radiation and tritium transmutation both cause formation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine in cellular DNA.

PubMed

Teebor, G W; Frenkel, K; Goldstein, M S

1984-01-01

HeLa cells grown in the presence of [methyl-3H]thymidine contained large amounts of 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (HMdU) in their DNA. When the cells were grown in [6-3H]thymidine and their DNA was labeled to the same specific activity, no HMdU was present. When such [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were exposed to increasing amounts of gamma-radiation, small but increasing amounts of HMdU were formed in their DNA. This indicates that HMdU can be formed in DNA by two distinct mechanisms. The first is the result of the transmutation of 3H to 3He (beta decay) in the methyl group of thymidine, leading to formation of a carbocation. This short-lived ion reacts with hydroxide ions of water, yielding the hydroxymethyl group. HMdU that is formed by this mechanism is formed at the rate of beta decay of 3H. It appears only in [methyl-3H]thymidine residues and is present in the DNA of both nonirradiated and gamma-irradiated cells. The second mechanism is the result of the radiolysis of water caused by ionizing radiation. The resultant radical species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, may react with many sites on DNA. When the methyl group of thymine is attacked by hydroxyl radicals, the hydroxymethyl group is formed. The formation of HMdU by this mechanism was detected only when [6-3H]thymidine-labeled cells were used, since transmutation of 3H in position 6 of thymine cannot yield HMdU.

Quantum mechanical calculation of aqueuous uranium complexes: carbonate, phosphate, organic and biomolecular species

PubMed Central

Kubicki, James D; Halada, Gary P; Jha, Prashant; Phillips, Brian L

2009-01-01

Background Quantum mechanical calculations were performed on a variety of uranium species representing U(VI), U(V), U(IV), U-carbonates, U-phosphates, U-oxalates, U-catecholates, U-phosphodiesters, U-phosphorylated N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG), and U-2-Keto-3-doxyoctanoate (KDO) with explicit solvation by H2O molecules. These models represent major U species in natural waters and complexes on bacterial surfaces. The model results are compared to observed EXAFS, IR, Raman and NMR spectra. Results Agreement between experiment and theory is acceptable in most cases, and the reasons for discrepancies are discussed. Calculated Gibbs free energies are used to constrain which configurations are most likely to be stable under circumneutral pH conditions. Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) is examined for the U-carbonate and U-catechol complexes. Conclusion Results on the potential energy differences between U(V)- and U(IV)-carbonate complexes suggest that the cause of slower disproportionation in this system is electrostatic repulsion between UO2 [CO3]35- ions that must approach one another to form U(VI) and U(IV) rather than a change in thermodynamic stability. Calculations on U-catechol species are consistent with the observation that UO22+ can oxidize catechol and form quinone-like species. In addition, outer-sphere complexation is predicted to be the most stable for U-catechol interactions based on calculated energies and comparison to 13C NMR spectra. Outer-sphere complexes (i.e., ion pairs bridged by water molecules) are predicted to be comparable in Gibbs free energy to inner-sphere complexes for a model carboxylic acid. Complexation of uranyl to phosphorus-containing groups in extracellular polymeric substances is predicted to favor phosphonate groups, such as that found in phosphorylated NAG, rather than phosphodiesters, such as those in nucleic acids. PMID:19689800

Examining differences in HPV awareness and knowledge and HPV vaccine awareness and acceptability between U.S. Hispanic and island Puerto Rican women.

PubMed

Morales-Campos, Daisy Y; Vanderpool, Robin C

2017-01-01

In 2015, only 42% of Puerto Rican (PR) girls aged 13-17 and 44% of U.S. Hispanic girls aged 13-17 were vaccinated with all three Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine doses; These percentages were far lower than the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80% of girls aged 13-15 the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80%. The purpose of this study was to examine potential differences in HPV awareness and knowledge and HPV vaccine awareness and acceptability between a population-based sample of U.S. Hispanic and island Puerto Rican women. We restricted our analyses to female respondents from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2007 (n=375; U.S. Hispanic) and HINTS Puerto Rico 2009 (n=417; PR). Using the Wald chi-square test, we assessed if there were significant differences in HPV awareness and knowledge and HPV vaccine awareness and acceptability between U.S. Hispanic and island PR women. We then utilized logistic or multinomial regression to control for covariates on significant outcomes. Both groups of Hispanic women were highly knowledgeable that HPV causes cancer (89.2% in both samples) and that HPV is a sexually transmitted infection (78.1% [U.S. Hispanics] and 84.7% [PR]). Less than 10% of both groups recognized that HPV can clear on its own without treatment. Island PR women had significantly higher HPV vaccine awareness (66.9% vs. 61.0%; Wald X 2 F(1, 97) = 16.03, p < .001) and were more accepting of the HPV vaccine for a real or hypothetical daughter, compared to U.S. Hispanic women (74.8% vs. 56.1%; Wald X 2 F(2, 96) = 7.18, p < .001). However, after controlling for sociodemographic variables and survey group, there was no longer a difference between the two groups of women and HPV vaccine awareness (AOR = .53; 95% CI = .23, 1.24). Moreover, after controlled analysis, island PR women were significantly less likely to have their hypothetical daughter get the HPV vaccine, compared to U.S. Hispanic women (AOR = 0.26; 95% CI = .08, .81). Future research focused on factors contributing to differences and similarities in HPV knowledge and awareness and HPV vaccine awareness and acceptability between these two groups of Hispanic women is warranted. Findings may assist in developing health education programs and media to promote HPV vaccination among both groups.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hermele, Michael; Chen, Xie

Here, we introduce a method, dubbed the flux-fusion anomaly test, to detect certain anomalous symmetry fractionalization patterns in two-dimensional symmetry-enriched topological (SET) phases. We focus on bosonic systems with Z2 topological order and a symmetry group of the form G=U(1)xG', where G' is an arbitrary group that may include spatial symmetries and/or time reversal. The anomalous fractionalization patterns we identify cannot occur in strictly d=2 systems but can occur at surfaces of d=3 symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. This observation leads to examples of d=3 bosonic topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) that, to our knowledge, have not previously been identified. In somemore » cases, these d=3 bosonic TCIs can have an anomalous superfluid at the surface, which is characterized by nontrivial projective transformations of the superfluid vortices under symmetry. The basic idea of our anomaly test is to introduce fluxes of the U(1) symmetry and to show that some fractionalization patterns cannot be extended to a consistent action of G' symmetry on the fluxes. For some anomalies, this can be described in terms of dimensional reduction to d=1 SPT phases. We apply our method to several different symmetry groups with nontrivial anomalies, including G=U(1)×Z T 2 and G=U(1)×Z P 2, where Z T 2 and Z P 2 are time-reversal and d=2 reflection symmetry, respectively.« less

Landing Kinematics in Elite Male Youth Soccer Players of Different Chronologic Ages and Stages of Maturation.

PubMed

Read, Paul J; Oliver, Jon L; De Ste Croix, Mark B A; Myer, Gregory D; Lloyd, Rhodri S

2018-04-01

  Despite the high frequency of knee injuries in athletes, few researchers have studied the effects of chronologic age and stage of maturation on knee-joint kinematics in male youth soccer players.   To use a coach-friendly screening tool to examine knee-valgus scores for players of different ages and at different stages of maturation.   Cross-sectional study.   Academy soccer clubs.   A total of 400 elite male youth soccer players aged 10 to 18 years categorized by chronologic age and stage of maturation based on their years from peak height velocity (PHV).   Knee valgus was evaluated during the tuck-jump assessment via 2-dimensional analysis. Frontal-plane projection angles were subjectively classified as minor (<10°), moderate (10°-20°), or severe (>20°), and using these classifications, we scored knee valgus in the tuck jump as 0 ( no valgus), 1 ( minor), 2 ( moderate), or 3 ( severe).   A trend toward higher valgus scores was observed in the younger age groups and the pre-PHV group. The lowest frequency of no valgus occurred in the U18 and post-PHV groups. The highest percentages of severe scores were in the U13 and pre-PHV groups for the right limb. Knee-valgus scores were lower for both lower extremities in the U18 group than in all other age groups ( P < .001) except the U16 group. Scores were lower for the post-PHV than the pre-PHV group for the right limb ( P < .001) and both pre-PHV and circa-PHV groups for the left limb ( P < .001). Noteworthy interlimb asymmetries were evident in the U14, U15, and circa-PHV groups.   Reductions in knee valgus with incremental age and during the later stages of maturation indicated that this risk factor was more prevalent in younger players. Interlimb asymmetry may also emerge around the time of the peak growth spurt and early adolescence, potentially increasing the risk of traumatic injury.

Injury risk in Danish youth and senior elite handball using a new SMS text messages approach.

PubMed

Moller, Merete; Attermann, Jorn; Myklebust, Grethe; Wedderkopp, Niels

2012-06-01

To assess the injury incidence in elite handball, and if gender and previous injuries are risk factors for new injuries. Cohort study of 517 male and female elite handball players (age groups under (u)16, u-18 and senior). Participants completed a web survey establishing injury history, demographic information and sports experience, and provided weekly reports of time-loss injuries and handball exposure for 31 weeks by short message service text messaging (SMS). Injuries were further classified by telephone interview. The weekly response rate ranged from 85% to 90% illustrating the promise of the SMS system as a tool in injury surveillance. Of 448 reported injuries, 165 injuries (37%) were overuse injuries and 283 (63%) traumatic injuries. Knee (19%) and ankle (29%) were the most common traumatic injuries. The injury incidence during match play was 23.5 (95% CI 17.8 to 30.4), 15.1 (95% CI 9.7 to 22.2), 11.1 (95% CI 7.0 to 16.6) injuries per 1000 match hours among senior, u-18 and u-16 players, respectively. U-18 male players had an overall 1.76 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.80) times higher risk of injury compared to females. Having had two or more previous injuries causing absence from handball for more than 4 weeks increased the risk of new injury in the u-16 group (IRR: 1.79 (95% CI 1.03 to 3.11)-2.23 (95% CI 1.22 to 4.10)). The incidence of time-loss injuries in elite handball was higher during match play than previously reported in recreational handball. Previous injuries were a risk factor for new injuries among u-16 players. Male players had a significant higher injury rate in the u-18 group.

Zircon U-Pb Geochronology, Hf Isotopic Composition and Geological Implications of the Neoproterozoic Huashan Group in the Jingshan Area, Northern Yangtze Block, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Z.; Yang, K.

2015-12-01

In the northern Yangtze Block, a clear angular unconformity between the Mesoproterozoic sequences (e.g. Dagushi Group) and the overlying Neoproterozoic strata (e.g. Huashan Group) marks the the Jinning orogeny. A combined study of Lu-Hf isotopes and U-Pb ages for detrital zircons from Huashan Group can provide information on the crustal evolution of sedimentary provenances and the timing of the Jinning orogeny. Detrital zircons from Huashan Group have two major U-Pb age populations of about 2.0Ga, 2.65Ga, and three subordinate age groups of about 0.82Ga, 2.5Ga, 2.9Ga with minor >3.0Ga ages. The youngest five analyses yield a weighted average age of 816±9Ma, which is consistent with that of interlayered basalt (824±9Ma, Deng et al., 2013) and roughly defines the minimum depositional age of Huashan Group. Detrital zircons of Huashan Group mostly have two stage Hf isotope model ages (TDM2) between 3.0 to 3.3Ga, indicating that the northern Yangtze Block experienced significant continental crustal growth during the Paleo- to Meso-archean. Similar U-Pb ages of detrital zircons have been obtained from Precambrian sedimentary rocks in the northern Yangtze Block from previous studies (Liu et al., 2008; Guo et al., 2014 and references therein). Recently, ca. 2.65Ga A-type granites had been reported from the Kongling and Huji area, which likely record the thermally stable lithosphere (Chen et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2015). In combination with this study, it documents the widespread 2.6-2.7Ga magmatic rocks in the northern Yangtze Block. Zhao et al. (2013) demonstrated both the ca. 850Ma tonalite and trondhjemite of the Huangling igneous complex were formed in a continental arc setting. This suggests the Miaowan-Huashan oceanic basin proposed by Bader et al. (2013) has not been closed at ca. 850Ma. This evidence, together with the depositional age of the Huashan Group, indicates the Jinning orogeny took place at 850-820 Ma. [1] Bader et al., 2013 Tectonics [2] Deng et al., 2013 International Geology Review [3] Guo et al., 2014 Precambrian Research [4] Liu et al., 2008 American Journal of Science [5] Zhao et al., 2013 American Journal of Science

Increasing CACNA1C expression in placenta containing high Cd level: an implication of Cd toxicity.

PubMed

Phuapittayalert, Laorrat; Saenganantakarn, Phisid; Supanpaiboon, Wisa; Cheunchoojit, Supaporn; Hipkaeo, Wiphawi; Sakulsak, Natthiya

2016-12-01

Cadmium (Cd) has known to produce many adverse effects on organs including placenta. Many essential transporters are involved in Cd transport pathways such as DMT-1, ZIP as well as L-VDCC. Fourteen pregnant women participated and were divided into two groups: high and low Cd-exposed (H-Cd, L-Cd) groups on the basis of their residential areas, Cd concentrations in the blood (B-Cd), urine (U-Cd), and placenta (P-Cd). The results showed that the B-Cd and U-Cd were significantly increased in H-Cd group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the P-Cd in H-Cd group was elevated (p < 0.05) and positively related to their B-Cd and U-Cd values (p < 0.05). However, the mean cord blood Cd (C-Cd) concentration in H-Cd group was not significantly increased about 2.5-fold when comparing to L-Cd group. To determine the Cd accumulation in placental tissues, metallothionein-1A (MT-1A) and metallothionein-2A (MT-2A) expressions were used as biomarkers. The results revealed that mean MT-1A and MT-2A mRNAs and MT-1/2 proteins were up-regulated in H-Cd group (p < 0.05). In addition, the Ca channel alpha 1C (CACNA1C) mRNA and protein expressions were noticeably elevated in H-Cd group (p < 0.05). From these findings, we suggested that CACNA1C might be implicated in Cd transport in human placenta.

Biochemical and nutritional markers and antioxidant activity in metabolic syndrome.

PubMed

Bernabé García, Juana; Zafrilla Rentero, Pilar; Mulero Cánovas, Juana; Gómez Jara, Purificación; Leal Hernández, Mariano; Abellán Alemán, José

2014-01-01

1) Nutritional assessment of the diet followed by patients with metabolic syndrome, and 2) biochemical analysis of the oxidation-reduction level in patients with metabolic syndrome. A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with metabolic syndrome in Murcia. Fifty-three patients, 33 with and 20 without (control group) metabolic syndrome, were selected. The intervention consisted of completion of a recall survey and a test to nutritionally assess dietary intake. Anthropometric and laboratory variables, including those related to antioxidant activity, were also tested. Antioxidant activity was within normal limits in both groups (1.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L in the control group and 1.8 ± 0.1 mmol/L in the metabolic syndrome group) (NS). Superoxide dismutase levels were not significantly different between the groups. Mean glutathione reductase levels (U/L) were higher in the control group as compared to patients with metabolic syndrome (P<.05). As regards oxidative stress biomarkers, mean isoprostane levels were higher in the control group (4.9 ± 6.2 ng/mL) than in metabolic syndrome patients (3.5 ± 3.9 ng/mL) (P<.05). Oxidized LDL values tended to be higher in metabolic syndrome patients (96 ± 23.2U/L) as compared to the control group (86.2 ± 17.3 U/L), but differences were not significant. There is a trend to a poorer nutritional and biochemical profile in patients with metabolic syndrome, who also tend to have a greater degree of oxidative stress. Copyright © 2013 SEEN. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

How the Awareness of u-Healthcare Service and Health Conditions Affect Healthy Lifestyle: An Empirical Analysis Based on a u-Healthcare Service Experience

PubMed Central

Youm, Sekyoung

2015-01-01

Abstract Objective: The objectives of this study are (1) to establish a ubiquitous healthcare (u-healthcare) center for those who wish to use u-healthcare, allowing them to experience the service, and (2) to evaluate the users' awareness and expectations of the service based on their overall assessment. Materials and Methods: To establish the u-healthcare center, a kiosk, devices for health checkup, a body-type examination system, and a physical fitness assessment system were installed. Also, a u-healthcare Web site was developed. A survey was conducted on 280 individuals who visited the u-healthcare center and used the service, to determine (1) individual awareness of u-healthcare before using the service and their change of perception after use, (2) factors that affect the use of u-healthcare, and (3) the effects of disease awareness on exercise habits. Results: Only 25.4% of the participants were aware of u-healthcare, and only 36% who saw the u-healthcare center recognized that it was where the u-healthcare service was provided. The group of individuals who were willing to use the u-healthcare showed statistically significant differences in their satisfaction with the overall environment of the center, as well as the specificity of the descriptions, examination results, kindness of the staff, and their responses. Additionally, the group of individuals who were diagnosed with chronic diseases and the group who were not showed statistically significant differences in the number of days on which they exercised lightly or took a walk. Conclusions: To promote the usage of u-healthcare service, the understanding of the service and the credibility of examination results need to be increased by sharing successful cases. Furthermore, to expand the use of the system that allows a person to regularly check his or her state of health, a lifelong periodical management system linked with another medical welfare program will be needed. PMID:25635473

How the awareness of u-healthcare service and health conditions affect healthy lifestyle: an empirical analysis based on a u-healthcare service experience.

PubMed

Youm, Sekyoung; Park, Seung-Hun

2015-04-01

The objectives of this study are (1) to establish a ubiquitous healthcare (u-healthcare) center for those who wish to use u-healthcare, allowing them to experience the service, and (2) to evaluate the users' awareness and expectations of the service based on their overall assessment. To establish the u-healthcare center, a kiosk, devices for health checkup, a body-type examination system, and a physical fitness assessment system were installed. Also, a u-healthcare Web site was developed. A survey was conducted on 280 individuals who visited the u-healthcare center and used the service, to determine (1) individual awareness of u-healthcare before using the service and their change of perception after use, (2) factors that affect the use of u-healthcare, and (3) the effects of disease awareness on exercise habits. Only 25.4% of the participants were aware of u-healthcare, and only 36% who saw the u-healthcare center recognized that it was where the u-healthcare service was provided. The group of individuals who were willing to use the u-healthcare showed statistically significant differences in their satisfaction with the overall environment of the center, as well as the specificity of the descriptions, examination results, kindness of the staff, and their responses. Additionally, the group of individuals who were diagnosed with chronic diseases and the group who were not showed statistically significant differences in the number of days on which they exercised lightly or took a walk. To promote the usage of u-healthcare service, the understanding of the service and the credibility of examination results need to be increased by sharing successful cases. Furthermore, to expand the use of the system that allows a person to regularly check his or her state of health, a lifelong periodical management system linked with another medical welfare program will be needed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Livine, Etera R.

We introduce the set of framed (convex) polyhedra with N faces as the symplectic quotient C{sup 2N}//SU(2). A framed polyhedron is then parametrized by N spinors living in C{sup 2} satisfying suitable closure constraints and defines a usual convex polyhedron plus extra U(1) phases attached to each face. We show that there is a natural action of the unitary group U(N) on this phase space, which changes the shape of faces and allows to map any (framed) polyhedron onto any other with the same total (boundary) area. This identifies the space of framed polyhedra to the Grassmannian space U(N)/ (SU(2)×U(N−2)).more » We show how to write averages of geometrical observables (polynomials in the faces' area and the angles between them) over the ensemble of polyhedra (distributed uniformly with respect to the Haar measure on U(N)) as polynomial integrals over the unitary group and we provide a few methods to compute these integrals systematically. We also use the Itzykson-Zuber formula from matrix models as the generating function for these averages and correlations. In the quantum case, a canonical quantization of the framed polyhedron phase space leads to the Hilbert space of SU(2) intertwiners (or, in other words, SU(2)-invariant states in tensor products of irreducible representations). The total boundary area as well as the individual face areas are quantized as half-integers (spins), and the Hilbert spaces for fixed total area form irreducible representations of U(N). We define semi-classical coherent intertwiner states peaked on classical framed polyhedra and transforming consistently under U(N) transformations. And we show how the U(N) character formula for unitary transformations is to be considered as an extension of the Itzykson-Zuber to the quantum level and generates the traces of all polynomial observables over the Hilbert space of intertwiners. We finally apply the same formalism to two dimensions and show that classical (convex) polygons can be described in a similar fashion trading the unitary group for the orthogonal group. We conclude with a discussion of the possible (deformation) dynamics that one can define on the space of polygons or polyhedra. This work is a priori useful in the context of discrete geometry but it should hopefully also be relevant to (loop) quantum gravity in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions when the quantum geometry is defined in terms of gluing of (quantized) polygons and polyhedra.« less

[Antibody persistence following on different vaccination strategies of domestic measles, mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine: a 3-year follow-up study].

PubMed

He, H Q; Li, Q; Yan, R; Zhou, Y; Tang, X W; Deng, X; Xie, S Y; Chen, Z P

2017-04-06

Objective: To assess the 3-year antibody persistence after vaccination of domestic measles, mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine (MMR) with different program. Methods: Children from three different vaccination strategies (Group 8 m MR: 8 months and 18 months vaccinated with measles-rubella combined attenuated live vaccine and domestic MMR,respectively; Group 8 m MMR: 8 months and 18 months both vaccinated with domestic MMR; Group 12 m MMR: 12 months and 22 months both vaccinated with domestic MMR ) were followed up in Zhejiang province in July 2015. There were 170 participants in Group 8 m MR, 171 participants in Group 8 m MMR and 173 participants in Group 12 m MMR selected by simple random sampling method .Blood samples (venous blood 2-3 ml) were collected 1 month after the first dose vaccination of MMR (only in Group 8 m MMR and Group 12 m MMR) and 3 years (36-38 months) after the last dose vaccination of MMR and tested for antibody IgG against Measles, Mumps and Rubella using ELISA. Seropostive rate and Geometric mean concentration (GMC) were calculated and compared among different groups by Chi-square test or Fisher exact test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: A total of 514 participants (8 m MR: 170; 8 m MMR:171; 12 m MMR:173) were enrolled. The overall seropositivity rate of measles, mumps and rubella was 98.1% (504), 93.4% (480) and 88.1% (453), respectively, with corresponding GMC was 1 012.33 mU/ml, 502.87 U/ml and 50.53 U/ml respectively. There was no significant difference of seropositivity rate for measles among three groups (all groups were>97%). The highest seropositivity rate for mumps was found in the Group 12 m MMR with the rate of 98.8% (171/173), followed by Group 8 m MMR and Group 8 m MR with 93.0% (159/171) and 88.2%(150/170) respectively (Fisher exact test, P< 0.001). The highest seropositivity rate for rubella was also found in the Group 12 m MMR with the rate of 94.8% (164/173), followed by Group 8 m MMR and Group 8 m MR with 86.6%(148/171) and 82.9%(141/170) respectively (Fisher exact test, P= 0.002). The highest GMC of antibody against measles, mumps and rubella were all found in Group 12 m MMR, with 1 217.30 (1 119.35-1 323.82) mU/ml, 717.07 (643.83-798.65) U/ml and 62.54(56.21-69.58) U/ml respectively. The lowest GMC of antibody against measles and mumps were both in Group 12 m MR with 812.01 (734.52-897.67) mU/ml and 363.28 (305.42-432.11) U/ml respectively. The lowest GMC of antibody against rubella was in Group 8 m MMR with 44.10 (39.08-49.76) U/ml. These differences of GMCs among three groups were all reach significant means ( P< 0.05). Conclusion: High level seropostive rates and GMCs were exist against measles and rubella after 3-year vaccination of domestic MMR among different program. Higher antibody level against mumps were found in those children with two doses vaccination of MMR.

UTa{sub 2}O(S{sub 2}){sub 3}Cl{sub 6}: A ribbon structure containing a heterobimetallic 5d-5f M{sub 3} cluster

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wells, Daniel M.; Chan, George H.; Ellis, Donald E.

2010-02-15

A new solid-state compound containing a heterobimetallic cluster of U and Ta, UTa{sub 2}O(S{sub 2}){sub 3}Cl{sub 6}, has been synthesized and its structure has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. UTa{sub 2}O(S{sub 2}){sub 3}Cl{sub 6} was synthesized from UCl{sub 4} and Ta{sub 1.2}S{sub 2} at 883 K. The O is believed to have originated in the Ta{sub 1.2}S{sub 2} reactant. The compound crystallizes in the space group P1-bar of the triclinic system. The structure comprises a UTa{sub 2} unit bridged by mu{sub 2}-S{sub 2} and mu{sub 3}-O groups. Each Ta atom bonds to two mu{sub 2}-S{sub 2}, the mu{submore » 3}-O, and two terminal Cl atoms. Each U atom bonds to two mu{sub 2}-S{sub 2}, the mu{sub 3}-O, and four Cl atoms. The Cl atoms bridge in pairs to neighboring U atoms to form a ribbon structure. The bond distances are normal and are consistent with formal oxidation states of +IV/+V/-II/-I/-I for U/Ta/O/S/Cl, respectively. The optical absorbance spectrum displays characteristic transition peaks near the absorption edge. Density functional theory was used to assign these peaks to transitions between S{sup 1-} valence-band states and empty U 5f-6d hybrid bands. Density-of-states analysis shows overlap between Ta 5d and U bands, consistent with metal-metal interactions. - The UTa2O(S2)3Cl6 cluster with completed coordination sphere around uranium« less

Performance of U3Si2 Fuel in a Reactivity Insertion Accident

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Lap Y.; Cuadra, Arantxa; Todosow, Michael

In this study we examined the performance of the U3Si2 fuel cladded with Zircaloy (Zr) in a reactivity insertion accident (RIA) in a PWR core. The power excursion as a result of a $1 reactivity insertion was calculated by a TRACE PWR plant model using point-kinetics, for alternative cores with UO2 and U3Si2 fuel assemblies. The point-kinetics parameters (feedback coefficients, prompt-neutron lifetime and group constants for six delayed-neutron groups) were obtained from beginning-of-cycle equilibrium full core calculations with PARCS. In the PARCS core calculations, the few-group parameters were developed utilizing the TRITON/NEWT tools in the SCALE package. In order tomore » assess the fuel response in finer detail (e.g. the maximum fuel temperature) the power shape and thermal boundary conditions from the TRACE/PARCS calculations were used to drive a BISON model of a fuel pin with U3Si2 and UO2 respectively. For a $1 reactivity transient both TRACE and BISON predicted a higher maximum fuel temperature for the UO2 fuel than the U3Si2 fuel. Furthermore, BISON is noted to calculate a narrower gap and a higher gap heat transfer coefficient than TRACE. This resulted in BISON predicting consistently lower fuel temperatures than TRACE. This study also provides a systematic comparison between TRACE and BISON using consistent transient boundary conditions. The TRACE analysis of the RIA only reflects the core-wide response in power. A refinement to the analysis would be to predict the local peaking in a three-dimensional core as a result of control rod ejection.« less

Transfusion of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 ratio and mortality in patients with severe trauma: the PROPPR randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Holcomb, John B; Tilley, Barbara C; Baraniuk, Sarah; Fox, Erin E; Wade, Charles E; Podbielski, Jeanette M; del Junco, Deborah J; Brasel, Karen J; Bulger, Eileen M; Callcut, Rachael A; Cohen, Mitchell Jay; Cotton, Bryan A; Fabian, Timothy C; Inaba, Kenji; Kerby, Jeffrey D; Muskat, Peter; O'Keeffe, Terence; Rizoli, Sandro; Robinson, Bryce R H; Scalea, Thomas M; Schreiber, Martin A; Stein, Deborah M; Weinberg, Jordan A; Callum, Jeannie L; Hess, John R; Matijevic, Nena; Miller, Christopher N; Pittet, Jean-Francois; Hoyt, David B; Pearson, Gail D; Leroux, Brian; van Belle, Gerald

2015-02-03

Severely injured patients experiencing hemorrhagic shock often require massive transfusion. Earlier transfusion with higher blood product ratios (plasma, platelets, and red blood cells), defined as damage control resuscitation, has been associated with improved outcomes; however, there have been no large multicenter clinical trials. To determine the effectiveness and safety of transfusing patients with severe trauma and major bleeding using plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 ratio compared with a 1:1:2 ratio. Pragmatic, phase 3, multisite, randomized clinical trial of 680 severely injured patients who arrived at 1 of 12 level I trauma centers in North America directly from the scene and were predicted to require massive transfusion between August 2012 and December 2013. Blood product ratios of 1:1:1 (338 patients) vs 1:1:2 (342 patients) during active resuscitation in addition to all local standard-of-care interventions (uncontrolled). Primary outcomes were 24-hour and 30-day all-cause mortality. Prespecified ancillary outcomes included time to hemostasis, blood product volumes transfused, complications, incidence of surgical procedures, and functional status. No significant differences were detected in mortality at 24 hours (12.7% in 1:1:1 group vs 17.0% in 1:1:2 group; difference, -4.2% [95% CI, -9.6% to 1.1%]; P = .12) or at 30 days (22.4% vs 26.1%, respectively; difference, -3.7% [95% CI, -10.2% to 2.7%]; P = .26). Exsanguination, which was the predominant cause of death within the first 24 hours, was significantly decreased in the 1:1:1 group (9.2% vs 14.6% in 1:1:2 group; difference, -5.4% [95% CI, -10.4% to -0.5%]; P = .03). More patients in the 1:1:1 group achieved hemostasis than in the 1:1:2 group (86% vs 78%, respectively; P = .006). Despite the 1:1:1 group receiving more plasma (median of 7 U vs 5 U, P < .001) and platelets (12 U vs 6 U, P < .001) and similar amounts of red blood cells (9 U) over the first 24 hours, no differences between the 2 groups were found for the 23 prespecified complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, venous thromboembolism, sepsis, and transfusion-related complications. Among patients with severe trauma and major bleeding, early administration of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 ratio compared with a 1:1:2 ratio did not result in significant differences in mortality at 24 hours or at 30 days. However, more patients in the 1:1:1 group achieved hemostasis and fewer experienced death due to exsanguination by 24 hours. Even though there was an increased use of plasma and platelets transfused in the 1:1:1 group, no other safety differences were identified between the 2 groups. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01545232.

Transfusion of Plasma, Platelets, and Red Blood Cells in a 1:1:1 vs a 1:1:2 Ratio and Mortality in Patients With Severe Trauma

PubMed Central

Holcomb, John B.; Tilley, Barbara C.; Baraniuk, Sarah; Fox, Erin E.; Wade, Charles E.; Podbielski, Jeanette M.; del Junco, Deborah J.; Brasel, Karen J.; Bulger, Eileen M.; Callcut, Rachael A.; Cohen, Mitchell Jay; Cotton, Bryan A.; Fabian, Timothy C.; Inaba, Kenji; Kerby, Jeffrey D.; Muskat, Peter; O’Keeffe, Terence; Rizoli, Sandro; Robinson, Bryce R. H.; Scalea, Thomas M.; Schreiber, Martin A.; Stein, Deborah M.; Weinberg, Jordan A.; Callum, Jeannie L.; Hess, John R.; Matijevic, Nena; Miller, Christopher N.; Pittet, Jean-Francois; Hoyt, David B.; Pearson, Gail D.; Leroux, Brian; van Belle, Gerald

2015-01-01

IMPORTANCE Severely injured patients experiencing hemorrhagic shock often require massive transfusion. Earlier transfusion with higher blood product ratios (plasma, platelets, and red blood cells), defined as damage control resuscitation, has been associated with improved outcomes; however, there have been no large multicenter clinical trials. OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness and safety of transfusing patients with severe trauma and major bleeding using plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 ratio compared with a 1:1:2 ratio. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Pragmatic, phase 3, multisite, randomized clinical trial of 680 severely injured patients who arrived at 1 of 12 level I trauma centers in North America directly from the scene and were predicted to require massive transfusion between August 2012 and December 2013. INTERVENTIONS Blood product ratios of 1:1:1 (338 patients) vs 1:1:2 (342 patients) during active resuscitation in addition to all local standard-of-care interventions (uncontrolled). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcomes were 24-hour and 30-day all-cause mortality. Prespecified ancillary outcomes included time to hemostasis, blood product volumes transfused, complications, incidence of surgical procedures, and functional status. RESULTS No significant differences were detected in mortality at 24 hours (12.7% in 1:1:1 group vs 17.0% in 1:1:2 group; difference, −4.2% [95% CI, −9.6% to 1.1%]; P = .12) or at 30 days (22.4% vs 26.1%, respectively; difference, −3.7% [95% CI, −10.2% to 2.7%]; P = .26). Exsanguination, which was the predominant cause of death within the first 24 hours, was significantly decreased in the 1:1:1 group (9.2% vs 14.6% in 1:1:2 group; difference, −5.4% [95% CI, −10.4% to −0.5%]; P = .03). More patients in the 1:1:1 group achieved hemostasis than in the 1:1:2 group (86% vs 78%, respectively; P = .006). Despite the 1:1:1 group receiving more plasma (median of 7 U vs 5 U, P < .001) and platelets (12 U vs 6 U, P < .001) and similar amounts of red blood cells (9 U) over the first 24 hours, no differences between the 2 groups were found for the 23 prespecified complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, venous thromboembolism, sepsis, and transfusion-related complications. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with severe trauma and major bleeding, early administration of plasma, platelets, and red blood cells in a 1:1:1 ratio compared with a 1:1:2 ratio did not result in significant differences in mortality at 24 hours or at 30 days. However, more patients in the 1:1:1 group achieved hemostasis and fewer experienced death due to exsanguination by 24 hours. Even though there was an increased use of plasma and platelets transfused in the 1:1:1 group, no other safety differences were identified between the 2 groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01545232 PMID:25647203

Effects of canagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, on hepatic function in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: pooled and subgroup analyses of clinical trials.

PubMed

Seko, Yuya; Sumida, Yoshio; Sasaki, Kazuyo; Itoh, Yoshito; Iijima, Hiroaki; Hashimoto, Toshio; Ishii, Shinichi; Inagaki, Nobuya

2018-01-01

We aimed to investigate the efficacy of canagliflozin (based on its effect on liver function and blood glucose levels) and its safety in high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) patients (ALT >30 U/L). This post hoc analysis of canagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients was divided into Study 1 (pooled analysis of 12- and 24-week placebo-controlled, monotherapy studies) and Study 2 (52-week monotherapy/combination therapy study). The canagliflozin 100 mg group data were compared with placebo or baseline ALT subgroup (baseline ALT >30 or ≤30 U/L) data. The primary endpoint was change in ALT level from baseline. Secondary endpoints were changes in efficacy-related parameters. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. The mean ALT change at 12 weeks was -10.3 ± 11.7 and -3.2 ± 17.6 U/L in the canagliflozin vs. placebo group in the high ALT subgroup (P = 0.0206); no significant difference was shown in the low ALT subgroup (Study 1). In both ALT subgroups, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were significantly reduced in the canagliflozin vs. placebo group (all P < 0.0001). The mean change in ALT at 52 weeks was -16.0 ± 18.8 U/L in the high ALT subgroup (P < 0.0001, Study 2). The incidence of AEs or serious AEs in the high ALT subgroup in the canagliflozin group was similar to that in the placebo group (Study 1) or low ALT subgroup (Studies 1 and 2). In T2DM patients with impaired liver function, canagliflozin may improve liver function, reduce HbA1c and body weight, and be well tolerated.

The Relationship Between Dietary Acculturation and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among Asian Indians in the U.S.

PubMed

Venkatesh, Sumathi; Conner, Thomas; Song, Won O; Olson, Beth H; Weatherspoon, Lorraine J

2017-04-01

Asian Indians have a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the U.S. (17.4-29 %). This study examined the relationship between dietary acculturation of Asian Indians in the U.S. and their future risk for type 2 diabetes. A validated Asian Indian Dietary Acculturation Measure (AIDAM) and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) were completed by 153 Asian Indians in the U.S. via a cross-sectional web-survey. Correlations and relative risk ratios were used to examine the association between AIDAM and FINDRISC. A significantly larger proportion of Non-Indian Oriented participants (44.7 %) had higher FINDRISC scores (scores 7-26) compared to the Asian Indian Oriented group (27.9 %) (p = .024), and also had increased relative predictive risk for type 2 diabetes (relative risk ratio = 1.6). A positive association between dietary acculturation and diabetes risk was evident in our sample, which highlights the importance of assessing dietary acculturation in non-native groups when investigating type 2 diabetes risk factors.

Building a stable RNA U-turn with a protonated cytidine.

PubMed

Gottstein-Schmidtke, Sina R; Duchardt-Ferner, Elke; Groher, Florian; Weigand, Julia E; Gottstein, Daniel; Suess, Beatrix; Wöhnert, Jens

2014-08-01

The U-turn is a classical three-dimensional RNA folding motif first identified in the anticodon and T-loops of tRNAs. It also occurs frequently as a building block in other functional RNA structures in many different sequence and structural contexts. U-turns induce sharp changes in the direction of the RNA backbone and often conform to the 3-nt consensus sequence 5'-UNR-3' (N = any nucleotide, R = purine). The canonical U-turn motif is stabilized by a hydrogen bond between the N3 imino group of the U residue and the 3' phosphate group of the R residue as well as a hydrogen bond between the 2'-hydroxyl group of the uridine and the N7 nitrogen of the R residue. Here, we demonstrate that a protonated cytidine can functionally and structurally replace the uridine at the first position of the canonical U-turn motif in the apical loop of the neomycin riboswitch. Using NMR spectroscopy, we directly show that the N3 imino group of the protonated cytidine forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone phosphate 3' from the third nucleotide of the U-turn analogously to the imino group of the uridine in the canonical motif. In addition, we compare the stability of the hydrogen bonds in the mutant U-turn motif to the wild type and describe the NMR signature of the C+-phosphate interaction. Our results have implications for the prediction of RNA structural motifs and suggest simple approaches for the experimental identification of hydrogen bonds between protonated C-imino groups and the phosphate backbone. © 2014 Gottstein-Schmidtke et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.

Photocurable acrylic composition, and U.V. curing with development of U.V. absorber

DOEpatents

McKoy, Vincent B.; Gupta, Amitava

1992-01-01

In-situ development of an ultraviolet absorber is provided by a compound such as a hydroxy-phenyl-triazole containing a group which protects the absorber during actinically activated polymerization by light at first frequency. After polymerization the protective group is removed by actinic reaction at a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The protective group is formed by replacing the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group with an acyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an acryloxy group of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is either an alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2.

A comparison of liver function after hepatectomy with inflow occlusion between sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia.

PubMed

Song, J C; Sun, Y M; Yang, L Q; Zhang, M Z; Lu, Z J; Yu, W F

2010-10-01

In this study, we compared liver function tests after hepatectomy with inflow occlusion as a function of propofol versus sevoflurane anesthesia. One hundred patients undergoing elective liver resection with inflow occlusion were randomized into a sevoflurane group or a propofol group. General anesthesia was induced with 3 μg/kg fentanyl, 0.2 mg/kg cisatracurium, and target-controlled infusion of propofol, set at a plasma target concentration of 4 to 6 μg/mL, or sevoflurane initially started at 8%. Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled infusion of propofol (2-4 μg/mL) or sevoflurane (1.5%-2.5%). The primary end point was postoperative liver injury assessed by peak values of liver transaminases. Transaminase levels peaked between the first and the third postoperative day. Peak alanine aminotransferase was 504 and 571 U/L in the sevoflurane group and the propofol group, respectively. Peak aspartate aminotransferase was 435 U/L after sevoflurane and 581 U/L in the propofol group. There were no significant differences in peak alanine aminotransferase or peak aspartate aminotransferase between groups. Other liver function tests including bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, and peak values of white blood cell counts and creatinine, were also not different between groups. Sevoflurane and propofol anesthetics resulted in similar patterns of liver function tests after hepatectomy with inflow occlusion. These data suggest that the 2 anesthetics are equivalent in this clinical context.

Comparison of two dental implant surface modifications on implants with same macrodesign: an experimental study in the pelvic sheep model.

PubMed

Ernst, Sabrina; Stübinger, Stefan; Schüpbach, Peter; Sidler, Michéle; Klein, Karina; Ferguson, Stephen J; von Rechenberg, Brigitte

2015-08-01

The aim of this study was to compare two different surfaces of one uniform macro-implant design in order to focus exclusively on the osseointegration properties after 2, 4 and 8 weeks and to discuss the animal model chosen. In six mature sheep, n = 36 implants with a highly crystalline and phosphate-enriched anodized titanium oxide surface (TiU) and n = 36 implants with a hydrophilic, sandblasted, large grit and acid-etched surface (SLA) were placed in the pelvic bone. TiU implants were custom-made to match the SLA implant design. The implant stability and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were assessed by resonance frequency (ISQ), backscatter scanning electron microscopy (B-SEM), light microscopy (LM), micro-CT and intravital fluorochrome staining. Biomechanical removal torque testing was performed. Overall, no statistically significant differences in BIC total (trabecular + cortical) between TiU and SLA were found via LM and B-SEM. BIC values (B-SEM; LM) in both groups revealed a steady rise in trabecular bone attachment to the implant surface after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. In the 2- to 4-week time interval in the TiU group (P = 0.005) as well as in the SLA group (P = 0.01), a statistically significant increase in BIC trabecular could be observed via LM. B-SEM values confirmed the statistically significant increase for TiU (P = 0.001). In both groups, BIC trabecular values after 8 weeks were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than after 2 weeks (B-SEM; LM). Biomechanical data confirmed the histological data. The two surfaces proved comparable osseointegration in this sheep model. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Urinary coagulation-fibrinolysis, kallirein-kinin systems and kininase in cases of preclampsia.

PubMed

Mutoh, S; Kobayashi, M; Hirata, J; Itoh, N; Maki, M; Komatsu, Y; Yoshida, A; Sasa, H; Kuroda, K; Kikuchi, Y

1992-01-01

Urinary kallikrein and kallikrein activity significantly decreased in cases of preeclampsia (u-kall./CRE.index 42.39 +/- 9.66 ng/mg, u-kall. act./CRE.index 0.26 +/- 0.06 ng/min/mg), and urinary kininase II and kininase activity significantly increased (u-kininase/CRE.index 10.91 +/- 1.26 x 10(-3) IU/min/mg, u-kininase act./CRE.index 506.37 +/- 178.45 pg/min/mg) when compared with those of normal gravidas from 28 weeks to 42 weeks of gestation (u-kall./CRE.index 189.31 +/- 14.17 ng/mg, u-kall. act./CRE index 1.08 +/- 0.10 ng/min/mg, u-kininase/CRE.index 6.24 +/- 0.31 x 10(-3) IU/min/mg, u-kininase act./CRE.index 15.64 +/- 0.10 pg/min/mg). Urinary FPA, B beta 5-42, alpha 2-PI, and alpha 2PI-plasmin-complex (PIC) significantly increased in preeclampsia (u-FPA/CRE.index 23.59 +/- 8.47 ng/mg, u-B beta/CRE.index 105.26 +/- 29.30 ng/mg, u-alpha 2PI/CRE.index 121.53 +/- 43.57 ng/mg, u-PIC/CRE index 278.39 +/- 60.50 ng/mg) when compared with those of normal control group (u-FPA/CRE.index 0.92 +/- 0.04 ng/mg, u-B beta/CRE.index 12.15 +/- 0.44 ng/mg, u-alpha 2PI/CRE.index 4.18 +/- 0.33 ng/mg, u-PIC/CRE.index 5.98 +/- 1.15 ng/mg). Urinary urokinase markedly increased and urinary D-dimer was detected in severe cases of preeclampsia (u-UK/CRE.index 58.20 +/- 43.69 ng/mg, u-D-dimer 54.76 +/- 9.89 ng/ml) when compared with those of normal control group. These findings suggest that deficiency in urinary kinin excretion may induce hypertension in addition to the changes of urinary coagulation-fibrinolysis system that represents the occurrence of either the endothelial cell injury in the glomerulus or the renal tulbular damage in mild cases of preeclampsia, eventually resulting in the intra-renal vascular coagulation.

Effects of infrasound on cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of adult rats.

PubMed

Liu, Juanfang; Lin, Tian; Yan, Xiaodong; Jiang, Wen; Shi, Ming; Ye, Ruidong; Rao, Zhiren; Zhao, Gang

2010-06-02

Adult rats were used to identify the effects of infrasound on neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. After 7 consecutive days' exposure to infrasound of 16 Hz at 130 dB, immunostaining of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and doublecortin (DCX) was preformed. Compared with those in normal groups, the numbers of BrdU+ and DCX+/BrdU+ cells in the subgranular zone in infrasound groups were significantly decreased at 3, 6, 10 and 14 days and returned to normal at 18 days. The percentage of BrdU+ cells that were co-labeled with DCX showed no significant differences between the infrasound and normal groups. These data suggest that infrasound inhibits the cell proliferation in adult rat dentate gyrus but has no effects on early migration and differentiation of these newborn cells.

Area-Preserving Diffeomorphisms, W∞ and { U}q [sl(2)] in Chern-Simons Theory and the Quantum Hall System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kogan, Ian I.

We discuss a quantum { U}q [sl(2)] symmetry in the Landau problem, which naturally arises due to the relation between { U}q [sl(2)] and the group of magnetic translations. The latter is connected with W∞ and area-preserving (symplectic) diffeomorphisms which are the canonical transformations in the two-dimensional phase space. We shall discuss the hidden quantum symmetry in a 2 + 1 gauge theory with the Chern-Simons term and in a quantum Hall system, which are both connected with the Landau problem.

17 CFR 240.13d-102 - Schedule 13G-Information to be included in statements filed pursuant to § 240.13d-1(b), (c), and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

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17 CFR 240.13d-102 - Schedule 13G-Information to be included in statements filed pursuant to § 240.13d-1(b), (c), and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

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17 CFR 240.13d-102 - Schedule 13G-Information to be included in statements filed pursuant to § 240.13d-1(b), (c), and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

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17 CFR 240.13d-102 - Schedule 13G-Information to be included in statements filed pursuant to § 240.13d-1(b), (c), and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

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Dynamic Succession of Groundwater Functional Microbial Communities in Response to Emulsified Vegetable Oil Amendment during Sustained In Situ U(VI) Reduction.

PubMed

Zhang, Ping; Wu, Wei-Min; Van Nostrand, Joy D; Deng, Ye; He, Zhili; Gihring, Thomas; Zhang, Gengxin; Schadt, Chris W; Watson, David; Jardine, Phil; Criddle, Craig S; Brooks, Scott; Marsh, Terence L; Tiedje, James M; Arkin, Adam P; Zhou, Jizhong

2015-06-15

A pilot-scale field experiment demonstrated that a one-time amendment of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) reduced groundwater U(VI) concentrations for 1 year in a fast-flowing aquifer. However, little is known about how EVO amendment stimulates the functional gene composition, structure, and dynamics of groundwater microbial communities toward prolonged U(VI) reduction. In this study, we hypothesized that EVO amendment would shift the functional gene composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities and stimulate key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and reduction of electron acceptors in the aquifer. To test these hypotheses, groundwater microbial communities after EVO amendment were analyzed using a comprehensive functional gene microarray. Our results showed that EVO amendment stimulated sequential shifts in the functional composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities. Particularly, the relative abundance of key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and the reduction of NO3 (-), Mn(IV), Fe(III), U(VI), and SO4 (2-) significantly increased, especially during the active U(VI) reduction period. The relative abundance for some of these key functional genes/groups remained elevated over 9 months. Montel tests suggested that the dynamics in the abundance, composition, and structure of these key functional genes/groups were significantly correlated with groundwater concentrations of acetate, NO3 (-), Mn(II), Fe(II), U(VI), and SO4 (2-). Our results suggest that EVO amendment stimulated dynamic succession of key functional microbial communities. This study improves our understanding of the composition, structure, and function changes needed for groundwater microbial communities to sustain a long-term U(VI) reduction. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Dynamic Succession of Groundwater Functional Microbial Communities in Response to Emulsified Vegetable Oil Amendment during Sustained In Situ U(VI) Reduction

DOE PAGES

Zhang, Ping; Wu, Wei-Min; Van Nostrand, Joy D.; ...

2015-04-10

A pilot-scale field experiment demonstrated that a one-time amendment of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) reduced groundwater U(VI) concentrations for 1 year in a fast-flowing aquifer. However, little is known about how EVO amendment stimulates the functional gene composition, structure, and dynamics of groundwater microbial communities toward prolonged U(VI) reduction. In this paper, we hypothesized that EVO amendment would shift the functional gene composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities and stimulate key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and reduction of electron acceptors in the aquifer. To test these hypotheses, groundwater microbial communities after EVO amendment were analyzed using amore » comprehensive functional gene microarray. Our results showed that EVO amendment stimulated sequential shifts in the functional composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities. Particularly, the relative abundance of key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and the reduction of NO 3 -, Mn(IV), Fe(III), U(VI), and SO 4 2- significantly increased, especially during the active U(VI) reduction period. The relative abundance for some of these key functional genes/groups remained elevated over 9 months. Montel tests suggested that the dynamics in the abundance, composition, and structure of these key functional genes/groups were significantly correlated with groundwater concentrations of acetate, NO 3 -, Mn(II), Fe(II), U(VI), and SO 4 2-. Our results suggest that EVO amendment stimulated dynamic succession of key functional microbial communities. Finally, this study improves our understanding of the composition, structure, and function changes needed for groundwater microbial communities to sustain a long-term U(VI) reduction.« less

Dynamic Succession of Groundwater Functional Microbial Communities in Response to Emulsified Vegetable Oil Amendment during Sustained In Situ U(VI) Reduction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang, Ping; Wu, Wei-Min; Van Nostrand, Joy D.

A pilot-scale field experiment demonstrated that a one-time amendment of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) reduced groundwater U(VI) concentrations for 1 year in a fast-flowing aquifer. However, little is known about how EVO amendment stimulates the functional gene composition, structure, and dynamics of groundwater microbial communities toward prolonged U(VI) reduction. In this paper, we hypothesized that EVO amendment would shift the functional gene composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities and stimulate key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and reduction of electron acceptors in the aquifer. To test these hypotheses, groundwater microbial communities after EVO amendment were analyzed using amore » comprehensive functional gene microarray. Our results showed that EVO amendment stimulated sequential shifts in the functional composition and structure of groundwater microbial communities. Particularly, the relative abundance of key functional genes/groups involved in EVO biodegradation and the reduction of NO 3 -, Mn(IV), Fe(III), U(VI), and SO 4 2- significantly increased, especially during the active U(VI) reduction period. The relative abundance for some of these key functional genes/groups remained elevated over 9 months. Montel tests suggested that the dynamics in the abundance, composition, and structure of these key functional genes/groups were significantly correlated with groundwater concentrations of acetate, NO 3 -, Mn(II), Fe(II), U(VI), and SO 4 2-. Our results suggest that EVO amendment stimulated dynamic succession of key functional microbial communities. Finally, this study improves our understanding of the composition, structure, and function changes needed for groundwater microbial communities to sustain a long-term U(VI) reduction.« less

Early headgear effect on the eruption pattern of maxillary second molars.

PubMed

Abed, Yossi; Brin, Ilana

2010-07-01

To test the hypothesis that the use of a combination headgear (HG) during the first phase of orthodontic treatment has no effect on the eruption pattern of the maxillary second permanent molars. The records of the patients in a two-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment were utilized. The HG group comprised 47 patients, and the control (CON) group comprised 52 patients. The mean age of both groups was 9.4 years at the beginning of the clinical trial (T1). Cephalograms and panoramic views obtained at T1 and at the end of 15 months of phase I treatment or observation (T2) were utilized. The vertical and horizontal movements of the first and second upper molars (U6 and U7, respectively) were measured. The beginning of phase II (T3) and the end of phase II (T4) records were visually reviewed for follow-up of the eruption of the U7. The pattern of movement for the distal and vertical displacement of the U6 and U7 was significantly different in the HG and CON groups (P < .001). At the end of phase I, none of the U7 in either group were diagnosed as malposed or suspected for impaction. At the end of phase II, all but one U7 with a possible cystic lesion had erupted. The hypothesis is rejected. Forces exerted by combination headgear to the U6 in phase I have a distalizing effect and a transitory slowing down effect on the eruption of the U7 buds. These latter teeth always erupted except when pathology occurred.

Simultaneous interaction with base and phosphate moieties modulates the phosphodiester cleavage of dinucleoside 3',5'-monophosphates by dinuclear Zn2+ complexes of di(azacrown) ligands.

PubMed

Wang, Qi; Lönnberg, Harri

2006-08-23

Five dinucleating ligands (1-5) and one trinucleating ligand (6) incorporating 1,5,9-triazacyclododecan-3-yloxy groups attached to an aromatic scaffold have been synthesized. The ability of the Zn(2+) complexes of these ligands to promote the transesterification of dinucleoside 3',5'-monophosphates to a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate derived from the 3'-linked nucleoside by release of the 5'-linked nucleoside has been studied over a narrow pH range, from pH 5.8 to 7.2, at 90 degrees C. The dinuclear complexes show marked base moiety selectivity. Among the four dinucleotide 3',5'-phosphates studied, viz. adenylyl-3',5'-adenosine (ApA), adenylyl-3',5'-uridine (ApU), uridylyl-3',5'-adenosine (UpA), and uridylyl-3',5'-uridine (UpU), the dimers containing one uracil base (ApU and UpA) are cleaved up to 2 orders of magnitude more readily than those containing either two uracil bases (UpU) or two adenine bases (ApA). The trinuclear complex (6), however, cleaves UpU as readily as ApU and UpA, while the cleavage of ApA remains slow. UV spectrophotometric and (1)H NMR spectroscopic studies with one of the dinucleating ligands (3) verify binding to the bases of UpU and ApU at less than millimolar concentrations, while no interaction with the base moieties of ApA is observed. With ApU and UpA, one of the Zn(2+)-azacrown moieties in all likelihood anchors the cleaving agent to the uracil base of the substrate, while the other azacrown moiety serves as a catalyst for the phosphodiester transesterification. With UpU, two azacrown moieties are engaged in the base moiety binding. The catalytic activity is, hence, lost, but it can be restored by addition of a third azacrown group on the cleaving agent.

A general non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group algorithm with application to the C2 dimer.

PubMed

Sharma, Sandeep

2015-01-14

We extend our previous work [S. Sharma and G. K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 124121 (2012)], which described a spin-adapted (SU(2) symmetry) density matrix renormalization group algorithm, to additionally utilize general non-Abelian point group symmetries. A key strength of the present formulation is that the requisite tensor operators are not hard-coded for each symmetry group, but are instead generated on the fly using the appropriate Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. This allows our single implementation to easily enable (or disable) any non-Abelian point group symmetry (including SU(2) spin symmetry). We use our implementation to compute the ground state potential energy curve of the C2 dimer in the cc-pVQZ basis set (with a frozen-core), corresponding to a Hilbert space dimension of 10(12) many-body states. While our calculated energy lies within the 0.3 mEh error bound of previous initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo and correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling calculations, our estimated residual error is only 0.01 mEh, much more accurate than these previous estimates. Due to the additional efficiency afforded by the algorithm, the excitation energies (Te) of eight lowest lying excited states: a(3)Πu, b(3)Σg (-), A(1)Πu, c(3)Σu (+), B(1)Δg, B(') (1)Σg (+), d(3)Πg, and C(1)Πg are calculated, which agree with experimentally derived values to better than 0.06 eV. In addition, we also compute the potential energy curves of twelve states: the three lowest levels for each of the irreducible representations (1)Σg (+), (1)Σu (+), (1)Σg (-), and (1)Σu (-), to an estimated accuracy of 0.1 mEh of the exact result in this basis.

A general non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group algorithm with application to the C2 dimer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sharma, Sandeep

2015-01-01

We extend our previous work [S. Sharma and G. K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 124121 (2012)], which described a spin-adapted (SU(2) symmetry) density matrix renormalization group algorithm, to additionally utilize general non-Abelian point group symmetries. A key strength of the present formulation is that the requisite tensor operators are not hard-coded for each symmetry group, but are instead generated on the fly using the appropriate Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. This allows our single implementation to easily enable (or disable) any non-Abelian point group symmetry (including SU(2) spin symmetry). We use our implementation to compute the ground state potential energy curve of the C2 dimer in the cc-pVQZ basis set (with a frozen-core), corresponding to a Hilbert space dimension of 1012 many-body states. While our calculated energy lies within the 0.3 mEh error bound of previous initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo and correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling calculations, our estimated residual error is only 0.01 mEh, much more accurate than these previous estimates. Due to the additional efficiency afforded by the algorithm, the excitation energies (Te) of eight lowest lying excited states: a3Πu, b 3 Σg - , A1Πu, c 3 Σu + , B1Δg, B ' 1 Σg + , d3Πg, and C1Πg are calculated, which agree with experimentally derived values to better than 0.06 eV. In addition, we also compute the potential energy curves of twelve states: the three lowest levels for each of the irreducible representations 1 Σg + , 1 Σu + , 1 Σg - , and 1 Σu - , to an estimated accuracy of 0.1 mEh of the exact result in this basis.

Liandratite from Karkonosze pegmatites, Sudetes, Southwestern Poland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Matyszczak, Witold

2018-06-01

The chemical composition of liandratite, U6+(Nb,Ta)2O8, was determined from material collected in Niobium, Yttrium, Fluorine type (NYF) pegmatites of the Karkonosze intrusion (Sudetes, SW Poland). Liandratite occurs mainly as rims, up to 40 µm thick, and fracture infillings in fergusonite-(Y) and other Nb-Ta-Ti minerals. Its formation was related to the fluid-driven alteration of primary minerals by three potential mechanisms: (i) direct replacement of a primary mineral by liandratite; (ii) breakdown of the primary mineral to liandratite and a product with the composition of minerals of the pyrochlore group; (iii) multistage alteration, which involved: removal of A-site cations (mostly Y + REE with the exception of U4+) and formation of phases with the composition of pyrochlore group minerals; then crystallization of U-, Bi-, Pb-rich pyrochlores and their replacement by liandratite. The chemical compositions of liandratite formed by the breakdown of different primary minerals are also different, mainly in their U, Ti and Nb contents. Excess Ti, relative to the U6+Nb2O8 end-member, is incorporated into the structure together with additional U. The Ti content of liandratite, and partially through this the U content, are dependent on the nature of the precursor mineral.

INSULIN GLARGINE 300 U/ML IS ASSOCIATED WITH LESS WEIGHT GAIN WHILE MAINTAINING GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND LOW RISK OF HYPOGLYCEMIA COMPARED WITH INSULIN GLARGINE 100 U/ML IN AN AGING POPULATION WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES.

PubMed

Munshi, Medha N; Gill, Jasvinder; Chao, Jason; Nikonova, Elena V; Patel, Meenakshi

2018-02-01

Assess efficacy, hypoglycemia, and weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) or 100 U/mL (Gla-100) across different age groups. Pooled data were generated for patients randomized to Gla-300 or Gla-100 in the EDITION 2 (NCT01499095) and 3 (NCT01676220) studies. In 4 age groups (<55, ≥55 to <60, ≥60 to <65, ≥65 years), glycated hemoglobin A1C (A1C), percentage of patients reaching A1C <7.5% (58 mmol/mol), weight change, confirmed hypoglycemia (blood glucose ≤70 mg/dL), and/or severe hypoglycemia (events requiring third-party assistance) were analyzed with descriptive statistics and logistic, binomial, and analysis of covariance regression modeling. A1C reductions from baseline and proportions of patients at target were similar for Gla-300 and Gla-100 across all age groups at 6 and 12 months, but hypoglycemia incidence and event rate were lower with Gla-300 at 6 (both P<.001) and 12 months ( P<.001 and P = .005, respectively). Patients on Gla-300 gained less weight than those on Gla-100 at 6 ( P = .027) and 12 months ( P = .021). Changes in weight and daily weight-adjusted insulin dose decreased with increasing age at 6 ( P<.001 and P = .017, respectively) and 12 months ( P<.001 and P = .011, respectively). Older patients with T2D may benefit from treatment with Gla-300, which is associated with a lower hypoglycemia rate and less weight gain with similar efficacy compared with Gla-100. A1C = glycated hemoglobin A1C BMI = body mass index Gla-100 = insulin glargine 100 U/mL Gla-300 = insulin glargine 300 U/mL OAD = oral antidiabetes drug T2D = type 2 diabetes.

Head-to-head comparison of intensive lifestyle intervention (U-TURN) versus conventional multifactorial care in patients with type 2 diabetes: protocol and rationale for an assessor-blinded, parallel group and randomised trial

PubMed Central

Ried-Larsen, Mathias; Hansen, Katrine B; Johansen, Mette Y; Pedersen, Maria; Zacho, Morten; Hansen, Louise S; Kofoed, Katja; Thomsen, Katja; Jensen, Mette S; Nielsen, Rasmus O; MacDonald, Chris; Langberg, Henning; Vaag, Allan A; Pedersen, Bente K; Karstoft, Kristian

2015-01-01

Introduction Current pharmacological therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are challenged by lack of sustainability and borderline firm evidence of real long-term health benefits. Accordingly, lifestyle intervention remains the corner stone in the management of T2D. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the optimal intervention programmes in T2D ensuring both compliance as well as long-term health outcomes. Our objective is to assess the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention (the U-TURN intervention) on glycaemic control in patients with T2D. Our hypothesis is that intensive lifestyle changes are equally effective as standard diabetes care, including pharmacological treatment in maintaining glycaemic control (ie, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)) in patients with T2D. Furthermore, we expect that intensive lifestyle changes will decrease the need for antidiabetic medications. Methods and analysis The study is an assessor-blinded, parallel group and a 1-year randomised trial. The primary outcome is change in glycaemic control (HbA1c), with the key secondary outcome being reductions in antidiabetic medication. Participants will be patients with T2D (T2D duration <10 years) without complications who are randomised into an intensive lifestyle intervention (U-TURN) or a standard care intervention in a 2:1 fashion. Both groups will be exposed to the same standardised, blinded, target-driven pharmacological treatment and can thus maintain, increase, reduce or discontinue the pharmacological treatment. The decision is based on the standardised algorithm. The U-TURN intervention consists of increased training and basal physical activity level, and an antidiabetic diet including an intended weight loss. The standard care group as well as the U-TURN group is offered individual diabetes management counselling on top of the pharmacological treatment. Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the Scientific Ethical Committee at the Capital Region of Denmark (H-1–2014–114). Positive, negative or inconclusive findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, at national and international conferences. Trial registration number NCT02417012. PMID:26656025

HNO3 modified biochars for uranium (VI) removal from aqueous solution.

PubMed

Jin, Jie; Li, Shiwei; Peng, Xianqiang; Liu, Wei; Zhang, Chenlu; Yang, Yan; Han, Lanfang; Du, Ziwen; Sun, Ke; Wang, Xiangke

2018-05-01

The HNO 3 treatment was used to chemically modify the biochars produced from wheat straw (WH) and cow manure for U(VI) removal from aqueous solution. Macroscopic experiments proved that the enrichment of U(VI) on the biochars was regulated by surface complexation and electrostatic interactions. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed that the highly efficient adsorption of U(VI) was due to the carboxyl groups on the biochar surfaces. The reducing agents of the R-CH 2 OH groups facilitated U(VI) adsorption on the untreated biochars. Owing to the higher contents of surface COO groups and more negative surface charge, the modified biochars showed enhanced U(VI) adsorption ability than the untreated ones. The maximum adsorption capacity of U(VI) by the oxidized WH was calculated to be 355.6 mg/g at pH 4.5 and 298 K, which was an improvement of 40 times relative to the untreated WH and was higher than that of most carbon-based adsorbents. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Flux-fusion anomaly test and bosonic topological crystalline insulators

DOE PAGES

Hermele, Michael; Chen, Xie

2016-10-13

Here, we introduce a method, dubbed the flux-fusion anomaly test, to detect certain anomalous symmetry fractionalization patterns in two-dimensional symmetry-enriched topological (SET) phases. We focus on bosonic systems with Z2 topological order and a symmetry group of the form G=U(1)xG', where G' is an arbitrary group that may include spatial symmetries and/or time reversal. The anomalous fractionalization patterns we identify cannot occur in strictly d=2 systems but can occur at surfaces of d=3 symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. This observation leads to examples of d=3 bosonic topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) that, to our knowledge, have not previously been identified. In somemore » cases, these d=3 bosonic TCIs can have an anomalous superfluid at the surface, which is characterized by nontrivial projective transformations of the superfluid vortices under symmetry. The basic idea of our anomaly test is to introduce fluxes of the U(1) symmetry and to show that some fractionalization patterns cannot be extended to a consistent action of G' symmetry on the fluxes. For some anomalies, this can be described in terms of dimensional reduction to d=1 SPT phases. We apply our method to several different symmetry groups with nontrivial anomalies, including G=U(1)×Z T 2 and G=U(1)×Z P 2, where Z T 2 and Z P 2 are time-reversal and d=2 reflection symmetry, respectively.« less

Influences of removing linear and nonlinear trends from climatic variables on temporal variations of annual reference crop evapotranspiration in Xinjiang, China.

PubMed

Li, Yi; Yao, Ning; Chau, Henry Wai

2017-08-15

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET o ) is a key parameter in field irrigation scheduling, drought assessment and climate change research. ET o uses key prescribed (or fixed or reference) land surface parameters for crops. The linear and nonlinear trends in different climatic variables (CVs) affect ET o change. This research aims to reveal how ET o responds after the related CVs were linearly and nonlinearly detrended over 1961-2013 in Xinjiang, China. The ET o -related CVs included minimum (T min ), average (T ave ), and maximum air temperatures (T max ), wind speed at 2m (U 2 ), relative humidity (RH) and sunshine hour (n). ET o was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation. A total of 29 ET o scenarios, including the original scenario, 14 scenarios in Group I (ET o was recalculated after removing linear trends from single or more CVs) and 14 scenarios in Group II (ET o was recalculated after removing nonlinear trends from the CVs), were generated. The influence of U 2 was stronger than influences of the other CVs on ET o for both Groups I and II either in northern, southern or the entirety of Xinjiang. The weak influences of increased T min , T ave and T max on increasing ET o were masked by the strong effects of decreased U 2 &n and increased RH on decreasing ET o . The effects of the trends in CVs, especially U 2 , on changing ET o were clearly shown. Without the general decreases of U 2 , ET o would have increased in the past 53years. Due to the non-monotone variations of the CVs and ET o , the results of nonlinearly detrending CVs on changing ET o in Group II should be more plausible than the results of linearly detrending CVs in Group I. The decreasing ET o led to a general relief in drought, which was indicated by the recalculated aridity index. Therefore, there would be a slightly lower risk of water utilization in Xinjiang, China. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Titration of basal insulin or immediate addition of rapid acting insulin in patients not at target using basal insulin supported oral antidiabetic treatment - A prospective observational study in 2202 patients.

PubMed

Siegmund, Thorsten; Pfohl, Martin; Forst, Thomas; Pscherer, Stefan; Bramlage, Peter; Foersch, Johannes; Borck, Anja; Seufert, Jochen

Optimal treatment intensification strategies in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving basal insulin supported oral antidiabetic therapy (BOT) remain controversial. The objective of the present study was to compare outcomes of BOT-intensification by either the uptitration of long-acting insulin glargine or by the immediate addition of a rapid acting insulin analogue (RAIA). This was a prospective, observational, 24-week study in T2DM patients with BOT using insulin glargine and baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 7.0 and 8.5%. Patients were stratified by their physicians to one of the following treatment intensification strategies: Basal insulin titration to target with discretionary subsequent addition of RAIA at weeks 12 or 24 (GLAR), or immediate addition of RAIA at baseline (GLARplus). A total of 3266 patients were prescreened of whom 2202 fulfilled the selection criteria. Of these, 1684 patients were documented in the GLAR group and 518 in the GLARplus group. In the GLAR group, in 91 (5.5%) and 21 patients (1.3%) RAIA was added at weeks 12 and 24, respectively. The groups displayed similar baseline characteristics; except, mean diabetes duration was slightly shorter in the GLAR group (8.7 vs. 9.4 years). During the study, insulin glargine dose was increased from 18.7 to 26.4U (plus 7.7U) in GLAR and from 24.9 to 27.3U (plus 2.4U) in GLARplus patients. Mean RAIA dose was 9.6±4.7U at the final visit. After 24 weeks, HbA1c was reduced by 0.8 and 0.9% in the GLAR and GLARplus groups, respectively (both p<0.001). An HbA1c of ≤7.0% was achieved in 49.2% of GLAR and 48.5% of GLARplus patients. In both groups, we observed improvements in cardiovascular risk factors such as lipids and blood pressure. The rates of symptomatic (1.6 vs. 1.7%) and severe (0.18 vs. 0.19%) hypoglycemic episodes were low and comparable in both groups. These findings provide evidence that treatment intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes not at glycemic target on BOT with insulin glargine is equally safe and effective using either long-acting insulin titration alone or the addition of a rapid-acting insulin analogue. Copyright © 2016 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inert two-Higgs-doublet model strongly coupled to a non-Abelian vector resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rojas-Abatte, Felipe; Mora, Maria Luisa; Urbina, Jose; Zerwekh, Alfonso R.

2017-11-01

We study the possibility of a dark matter candidate having its origin in an extended Higgs sector which, at least partially, is related to a new strongly interacting sector. More concretely, we consider an i2HDM (i.e., a Type-I two Higgs doublet model supplemented with a Z2 under which the nonstandard scalar doublet is odd) based on the gauge group S U (2 )1×S U (2 )2×U (1 )Y . We assume that one of the scalar doublets and the standard fermion transform nontrivially under S U (2 )1 while the second doublet transforms under S U (2 )2. Our main hypothesis is that standard sector is weakly coupled while the gauge interactions associated to the second group is characterized by a large coupling constant. We explore the consequences of this construction for the phenomenology of the dark matter candidate and we show that the presence of the new vector resonance reduces the relic density saturation region, compared to the usual i2DHM, in the high dark matter mass range. In the collider side, we argue that the mono-Z production is the channel which offers the best chances to manifest the presence of the new vector field. We study the departures from the usual i2HDM predictions and show that the discovery of the heavy vector at the LHC is challenging even in the mono-Z channel since the typical cross sections are of the order of 10-2 fb .

Follicular development and hormonal levels following highly purified or recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone administration in ovulatory women undergoing ovarian stimulation after pituitary suppression for in vitro fertilization: implications for implantation potential.

PubMed

Balasch, J; Fábregues, F; Creus, M; Peñarrubia, J; Vidal, E; Carmona, F; Puerto, B; Vanrell, J A

2000-01-01

The main goal in the present study was to compare follicular development and estradiol levels after ovarian stimulation in pituitary suppressed normally ovulating women undergoing IVF, using highly purified urinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (u-FSH-HP) and recombinant FSH (rec-FSH). A secondary variable in our study was embryo implantation potential, which is closely related to appropriate follicular development and oocyte competence. For the main purpose of this study, 30 IVF patients (group 1) were treated during IVF consecutive cycles, using the same stimulation protocol, with u-FSH-HP in the first treatment study cycle and rec-FSH in the second one. As a control group (group 2) for implantation rates obtained in cycles treated with rec-FSH, 30 additional IVF patients were included who underwent a second IVF attempt again with u-FSH-HP. The total dose of FSH used and ovarian response obtained in terms of estradiol plasma levels and the total number of growing follicles on the day of human chronic gonadotropin (HCG) injection were similar in both treatment cycles in group 1 but better follicular dynamics and oocyte maturity were obtained with rec-FSH. The implantation rate was significantly higher in rec-FSH treated cycles in patients in group 1 than in control women (group 2). rec-FSH is more efficacious than u-FSH-HP when used in the same patient in inducing multiple follicular development in down-regulated cycles as indicated by ovarian performance and oocyte maturity. In addition, rec-FSH yields significantly higher implantation rates than u-FSH-HP when used in patients undergoing their second IVF attempt.

Radioactivity contents in dicalcium phosphate and the potential radiological risk to human populations.

PubMed

Casacuberta, N; Masqué, P; Garcia-Orellana, J; Bruach, J M; Anguita, M; Gasa, J; Villa, M; Hurtado, S; Garcia-Tenorio, R

2009-10-30

Potentially harmful phosphate-based products derived from the wet acid digestion of phosphate rock represent one of the most serious problems facing the phosphate industry. This is particularly true for dicalcium phosphate (DCP), a food additive produced from either sulphuric acid or hydrochloric acid digestion of raw rock material. This study determined the natural occurring radionuclide concentrations of 12 DCP samples and 4 tricalcium phosphate (TCP) samples used for animal and human consumption, respectively. Metal concentrations (Al, Fe, Zn, Cd, Cr, As, Hg, Pb and Mg) were also determined. Samples were grouped into three different clusters (A, B, C) based on their radionuclide content. Whereas group A is characterized by high activities of 238U, 234U (approximately 10(3) Bq kg(-1)), 210Pb (2 x 10(3) Bq kg(-1)) and (210)Po ( approximately 800 Bq kg(-1)); group B presents high activities of (238)U, (234)U and (230)Th (approximately 10(3) Bq kg(-1)). Group C was characterized by very low activities of all radionuclides (< 50 Bq kg(-1)). Differences between the two groups of DCP samples for animal consumption (groups A and B) were related to the wet acid digestion method used, with group A samples produced from hydrochloric acid digestion, and group B samples produced using sulphuric acid. Group C includes more purified samples required for human consumption. High radionuclide concentrations in some DCP samples (reaching 2 x 10(3) and 10(3) Bq kg(-1) of 210Pb and 210Po, respectively) may be of concern due to direct or indirect radiological exposure via ingestion. Our experimental results based on 210Pb and 210Po within poultry consumed by humans, suggest that the maximum radiological doses are 11 +/- 2 microSv y(-1). While these results suggest that human health risks are small, additional testing should be conducted.

Targeting higher ferritin concentrations with intravenous iron dextran lowers erythropoietin requirement in hemodialysis patients.

PubMed

DeVita, M V; Frumkin, D; Mittal, S; Kamran, A; Fishbane, S; Michelis, M F

2003-11-01

Although clinical use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) since 1989 has improved anemia in most end-stage renal disease patients, there are still many hemodialysis patients unable to maintain an adequate hematocrit (HCT) without large doses of rHuEPO. This suggests that anemia is not solely a consequence of rHuEPO deficiency, but may be due to other factors including functional iron deficiency. Since the optimal prescription for iron replacement is not yet known, we evaluated the effect of intravenous iron dextran (IVFe) infusion on serum ferritin (SFer) concentration and rHuEPO dose. Our objective was to raise and maintain serum ferritin concentrations to 2 different levels above the National Kidney Foundation Dialysis Outcome Quality Initiative standard of 100 ng/ml to determine whether, and by what degree rHuEPO dose could be lowered. HD patients on i.v. rHuEPO with a SFer concentration > or = 70 ng/ml and an HCT of < or = 33% were enrolled. Subjects were divided as follows: Group 1: target SFer of 200 ng/ml, Group 2: target SFer of 400 ng/ml. Each subject below the target level received IVFe in up to 10 divided doses during consecutive dialysis sessions as needed to reach the target. HCT was maintained between 32.5% and 36% by adjusting rHuEPO dosage. Mean SFer concentration at the study conclusion in Group 1: 261 ng/ml; Group 2: 387 ng/ml. The mean decrease in rHuEPO dose for Group 1 was 31 U/kg body weight/week (250 - 219 U/kg bw/wk) while in Group 2 it was 154 U/kg body weight/week (312 - 158 U/kg bw/wk) (p < 0.001). There was no difference in HCT between groups. Our results suggest that higher target serum ferritin concentrations can be well tolerated and lower rHuEPO requirements.

Separation of uranium isotopes by chemical exchange

DOEpatents

Ogle, P.R. Jr.

1974-02-26

A chemical exchange method is provided for separating /sup 235/U from / sup 238/U comprising contacting a first phase containing UF/sub 6/ with a second phase containing a compound selected from the group consisting of NOUF/sub 6/, NOUF/sub 7/, and NO/sub 2/UF/sub 7/ until the U Fsub 6/ in the first phase becomes enriched in the /sup 235/U isotope. (Official Gazette)

Epstein-Barr virus is related with 5-aminosalicylic acid, tonsillectomy, and CD19(+) cells in Crohn's disease.

PubMed

Andreu-Ballester, Juan C; Gil-Borrás, Rafael; García-Ballesteros, Carlos; Catalán-Serra, Ignacio; Amigo, Victoria; Fernández-Fígares, Virgina; Cuéllar, Carmen

2015-04-21

To study anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgG antibodies in Crohn's disease in relation to treatment, immune cells, and prior tonsillectomy/appendectomy. This study included 36 CD patients and 36 healthy individuals (controls), and evaluated different clinical scenarios (new patient, remission and active disease), previous mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue removal (tonsillectomy and appendectomy) and therapeutic regimens (5-aminosalicylic acid, azathioprine, anti-tumor necrosis factor, antibiotics, and corticosteroids). T and B cells subsets in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry (markers included: CD45, CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19, CD56, CD2, CD3, TCRαβ and TCRγδ) to relate with the levels of anti-EBV IgG antibodies, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The lowest anti-EBV IgG levels were observed in the group of patients that were not in a specific treatment (95.4 ± 53.9 U/mL vs 131.5 ± 46.2 U/mL, P = 0.038). The patients that were treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid showed the highest anti-EBV IgG values (144.3 U/mL vs 102.6 U/mL, P = 0.045). CD19(+) cells had the largest decrease in the group of CD patients that received treatment (138.6 vs 223.9, P = 0.022). The analysis of anti-EBV IgG with respect to the presence or absence of tonsillectomy showed the highest values in the tonsillectomy group of CD patients (169.2 ± 20.7 U/mL vs 106.1 ± 50.3 U/mL, P = 0.002). However, in the group of healthy controls, no differences were seen between those who had been tonsillectomized and subjects who had not been operated on (134.0 ± 52.5 U/mL vs 127.7 ± 48.1 U/mL, P = 0.523). High anti-EBV IgG levels in CD are associated with 5-aminosalicylic acid treatment, tonsillectomy, and decrease of CD19(+) cells.

Blood and Tissue Enzymatic Activities of GDH and LDH, Index of Glutathione, and Oxidative Stress among Breast Cancer Patients Attending Referral Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hospital-Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

PubMed Central

Seyoum, Nebiyou; Bekele, Mahteme; Tigeneh, Wondimagegn; Seifu, Daniel

2018-01-01

The exact cause of breast cancer is unknown; it is a multifactorial disease. It is the most diagnosed and the second killer cancer among women. Breast cancer can be originated from tissues of breast or secondary from other organs via metastasis. Generally, cancer cells show aberrant metabolism and oxidative stress when compared to noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients. The current study aims at evaluating glutamate and glucose metabolism through GDH and LDH enzyme activities, oxidant, and antioxidative status among breast cancer patients attending referral hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Result. Catalytic activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and oxidative stress index were significantly increased in both serum (4.2 mU/ml, 78.6 mU/ml, and 3.3 : 1, resp.) and cancerous tissues (1.4 mU/ml, 111.7 mU/ml, and 2.15 : 1, resp.) of breast cancer patients as compared to those in serum of control group (3.15 mU/ml, 30.4 mU/ml, and 2.05 : 1, resp.) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (0.92 mU/ml, 70.5 mU/ml, and 1.1 : 1, resp.) (P ≤ 0.05). Correspondingly, ratios of reduced to oxidized glutathione were significantly decreased in both serum (20 : 1) and cancerous tissues (23.5 : 1) of breast cancer patients when compared to those in serum of control group (104.5 : 1) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (70.9 : 1) (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion. Catalytic activities of GDH and LDH, ratios of GSH to GSSG, and concentration of TOS among breast cancer patients were significantly higher than were those among control group and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients, while TAC of breast cancer patients is significantly lower than that of control group and normal tissues of breast cancer patients. PMID:29770168

Blood and Tissue Enzymatic Activities of GDH and LDH, Index of Glutathione, and Oxidative Stress among Breast Cancer Patients Attending Referral Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hospital-Based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Mehdi, Mohammed; Menon, M K C; Seyoum, Nebiyou; Bekele, Mahteme; Tigeneh, Wondimagegn; Seifu, Daniel

2018-01-01

The exact cause of breast cancer is unknown; it is a multifactorial disease. It is the most diagnosed and the second killer cancer among women. Breast cancer can be originated from tissues of breast or secondary from other organs via metastasis. Generally, cancer cells show aberrant metabolism and oxidative stress when compared to noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients. The current study aims at evaluating glutamate and glucose metabolism through GDH and LDH enzyme activities, oxidant, and antioxidative status among breast cancer patients attending referral hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Result . Catalytic activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and oxidative stress index were significantly increased in both serum (4.2 mU/ml, 78.6 mU/ml, and 3.3 : 1, resp.) and cancerous tissues (1.4 mU/ml, 111.7 mU/ml, and 2.15 : 1, resp.) of breast cancer patients as compared to those in serum of control group (3.15 mU/ml, 30.4 mU/ml, and 2.05 : 1, resp.) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (0.92 mU/ml, 70.5 mU/ml, and 1.1 : 1, resp.) ( P ≤ 0.05). Correspondingly, ratios of reduced to oxidized glutathione were significantly decreased in both serum (20 : 1) and cancerous tissues (23.5 : 1) of breast cancer patients when compared to those in serum of control group (104.5 : 1) and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients (70.9 : 1) ( P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion . Catalytic activities of GDH and LDH, ratios of GSH to GSSG, and concentration of TOS among breast cancer patients were significantly higher than were those among control group and noncancerous tissues of breast cancer patients, while TAC of breast cancer patients is significantly lower than that of control group and normal tissues of breast cancer patients.

Investigation of the phase relations in the U-Al-Ge ternary system: Influence of the Al/Ge substitution on the properties of the intermediate phases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Moussa, C.; El Sayah, Z.; Chajewski, G.

The phase relations within the U-Al-Ge ternary system were studied for two isothermal sections, at 673 K for the whole Gibbs triangle and at 1173 K for the concentration range 25–100 at% U. The identification of the phases, their composition ranges and stability were determined by x-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis. The tie-lines and the solubility domains were determined for the U-Ge and U-Al binaries, the UAl{sub 3}-UGe{sub 3} solid-solution and for the unique ternary intermediate phase U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x}. The experimental isopleth section of the pseudo-binary UAl{sub 3}-UGe{submore » 3} reveals an isomorphous solid solution based on the Cu{sub 3}Au-type below the solidus. The U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} solid solution extends for −0.1≤x≤1.35 and −0.2≤x≤1.5 at 673 K and 1173 K respectively. It crystallizes in the I-centered tetragonal symmetry. The reciprocal lattice of several compositions of the U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} solid solution was examined by electron diffraction at room temperature, revealing the presence of a c-glide plane. Their crystal structure was refined by single crystal x-ray diffraction suggesting an isomorphous solid solution best described with the non-centrosymmetric space group I4cm in the paramagnetic domain. The magnetic measurements confirm the ferromagnetic ordering of the solid solution U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} with an increase of Tc with the Al content. The thermal variation of the specific heat bear out the magnetic transitions with some delocalized character of the uranium 5f electrons. - Graphical abstract: The phase relations within the U-Al-Ge ternary system were experimentally assessed for two isothermal sections, at 673 K for the whole Gibbs triangle and at 1173 K for the concentration range 25–100 at% U. A complete UAl{sub 3}-UGe{sub 3} solid-solution based on the Cu{sub 3}Au-type forms below the solidus. A unique ternary phase showing a large homogeneity domain, U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} for −0.1≤x≤1.35 and −0.2≤x≤1.5 at 673 K and 1173 K respectively has been evidenced. It is best described with the non-centrosymmetric space group I4cm above room temperature. A linear increase of the ferromagnetic ordering is observed with the Al content. - Highlights: • Isothermal sections of the U-Al-Ge system were investigated for 673 K and 1173 K. • An isomorphous solid-solution UAl{sub 3}-UGe{sub 3} forms for the whole composition range. • U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} the unique ternary phase to form exists for a large homogeneity domain. • U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} is best described in I4cm space group above room temperature. • The ferromagnetic transition of U{sub 3}Al{sub 2−x}Ge{sub 3+x} linearly increases with the Al content.« less

Reduction of the DNA damages, Hepatoprotective Effect and Antioxidant Potential of the Coconut Water, ascorbic and Caffeic Acids in Oxidative Stress Mediated by Ethanol.

PubMed

Bispo, Vanderson S; Dantas, Lucas S; Chaves, Adriano B; Pinto, Isabella F D; Silva, Railmara P DA; Otsuka, Felipe A M; Santos, Rodrigo B; Santos, Aline C; Trindade, Danielle J; Matos, Humberto R

2017-01-01

Hepatic disorders such as steatosis and alcoholic steatohepatitis are common diseases that affect thousands of people around the globe. This study aims to identify the main phenol compounds using a new HPLC-ESI+-MS/MS method, to evaluate some oxidative stress parameters and the hepatoprotective action of green dwarf coconut water, caffeic and ascorbic acids on the liver and serum of rats treated with ethanol. The results showed five polyphenols in the lyophilized coconut water spiked with standards: chlorogenic acid (0.18 µM), caffeic acid (1.1 µM), methyl caffeate (0.03 µM), quercetin (0.08 µM) and ferulic acid (0.02 µM) isomers. In the animals, the activity of the serum γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT) was reduced to 1.8 I.U/L in the coconut water group, 3.6 I.U/L in the ascorbic acid group and 2.9 I.U/L in the caffeic acid groups, when compared with the ethanol group (5.1 I.U/L, p<0.05). Still in liver, the DNA analysis demonstrated a decrease of oxidized bases compared to ethanol group of 36.2% and 48.0% for pretreated and post treated coconut water group respectively, 42.5% for the caffeic acid group, and 34.5% for the ascorbic acid group. The ascorbic acid was efficient in inhibiting the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the liver by 16.5% in comparison with the ethanol group. These data indicate that the green dwarf coconut water, caffeic and ascorbic acids have antioxidant, hepatoprotective and reduced DNA damage properties, thus decreasing the oxidative stress induced by ethanol metabolism.

Pseudotumor cerebri secondary to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

PubMed

Ayçiçek, Ali; Işcan, Akin; Ceçe, Hasan

2009-05-01

Unusual presentations are not rare in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Five patients initially diagnosed with pseudotumor cerebri were ultimately determined to have pseudotumor cerebri secondary to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. The present study retrospectively reviewed 56 cases history, neurologic symptoms, and clinical and laboratory data, as well as the outcomes. On admission, five patients (group 1) presenting with pseudotumor cerebri exhibited bilateral papilledema, and in each of them cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed small lateral ventricles, effacement of the subarachnoid space, and no mass lesion. On admission, 51 patients (group 2) had no pseudotumor cerebri findings. The year of original measles infection, the interval between measles and onset of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and initial neurologic symptoms were similar, but length of symptoms before diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was shorter in group 1, and the clinical stage of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis on admission was more advanced in group 2. Cerebrospinal fluid mean open pressure was 378 +/- 22 H(2)O in group 1 and 146 +/- 28 H(2)O in group 2; cerebrospinal fluid antibody was 2038 +/- 768 U/L in group 1 and was 664 +/- 214 U/L in group 2. Only three of the five patients with pseudotumor cerebri had typical periodic discharges on electroencephalographic examination. These findings suggest that subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can cause pseudotumor cerebri.

Fraxinus rhynchophylla ethanol extract attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats via down-regulating the expressions of uPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1.

PubMed

Peng, Wen-Huang; Tien, Yun-Chen; Huang, Chih-Yang; Huang, Tai-Hung; Liao, Jung-Chun; Kuo, Chao-Lin; Lin, Ying-Chih

2010-02-17

To investigate the effect of Fraxinus rhynchophylla ethanol extract (FR(EtOH)) on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats. Rat hepatic fibrosis was induced by oral administration of CCl(4). Sixty SD rats were divided randomly into 6 groups: control, CCl(4) group, silymarin group and three FR(EtOH)-treated groups. Except for the rats in control group, all rats were administered orally with CCl(4) (20%, 0.2 mL/100g body weight) twice a week for 8 weeks. Rats in FR(EtOH) groups were treated daily with FR(EtOH) (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.) throughout the whole experimental period. Liver function parameters (such as activities of serum GOT and GPT levels), activities of liver anti-oxidant enzymes (such as catalase, SOD, GPx) and expressions of uPA, tPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, -2, -3, -4 in the liver fibrosis pathway were detected. The results showed that FR(EtOH) (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg BW) significantly reduced the elevated activities of sGOT and sGPT caused by CCl(4). FR(EtOH) (0.1 and 0.5 g/kg BW) and significantly increased the activities of GSH-Px. The histopathological study showed that FR(EtOH) (0.1 and 0.5 g/kg BW) reduced the incidence of liver lesions, including hepatic cells cloudy swelling, lymphocytes infiltration, cytoplasm vacuolization hepatic necrosis and fibrous connective tissue proliferated induced by CCl(4) in rats. In our study it was showed that CCl(4)-treated group significantly increased the protein levels of uPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1. FR(EtOH) (0.1 and 0.5 g/kg BW) could inhibit the protein levels of uPA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1. Finally, the amount of esculetin in the FR(EtOH) was 33.54 mg/g extract. Oral administration of FR(EtOH) significantly reduces CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, probably by exerting a protective effect against hepatocellular fibrosis by its free radical scavenging ability. FR(EtOH) down-regulated the expressions of uPA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in CCl(4)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Comparison of two shaping methods for double-lumen endotracheal tube intubation by Shikani optical stylet laryngoscope].

PubMed

Xu, T; Li, M; Xu, M; Guo, X Y

2016-12-18

To compare the efficacy and safety of two different shaping methods for double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT).DLT was shaped with the rod of a Shikani optical stylet (SOS) with the tracheal orifice aligned with the convex aspect of the distal curvature or the concave aspect of the distal curvature. Patients scheduled for elective thoracic surgery and required intubation with a left-sided DLT were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into two groups. They were intubated with a DLT, which was shaped with the rod of a SOS with its tracheal orifice aligned with the convex aspect of the distal curvature (group T) or the concave aspect of the distal curvature (group U). Time for SOS manipulation, intubation attempts, intubation resistance score, malposition of bronchial intubation, time for fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) identification of bronchial placement, total intubation time and oral mucosal or dental injury were recorded. Hoarseness and throat sore of the patients were evaluated 1 hour and 24 hours after surgery. A total of 136 patients completed the study, with 68 in each group. Time for SOS manipulation was significantly shorter in group U [(35.1±6.1) s vs. 39.6±11.8) s, P=0.007]. First attempt success rate did not differ between the groups (92.6% vs.88.2%, P=0.561). Intubation resistance score was significantly lower in group U. Group T had fewer patients who suffered malposition of bronchial intubation than group U (4 vs.13, P=0.020) and cost less time for FOB identification of bronchial placement [(44.1±20.9) s vs.(53.6±29.2) s, P=0.032]. Total intubation time and the incidence of oral mucosal or dental injury did not differ between the groups. The severity and incidence of hoarseness were lower in group U than in group T 1 hour after surgery. The severity and incidence of sore throat were lower in group U than in group T 1 hour and 24 hours postoperatively. When lacing a left-sided DLT using a SOS, shaping the DLT with the tracheal orifice aligned with the concave aspect of the distal curvature saves SOS manipulation time, decreases the severity and incidence of postoperative hoarseness and sore throat. However, this modified shaping method increases the incidence of malposition of bronchial intubation and time for FOB identification of bronchial placement.

Assignment Problem for the U.S. Marine Corps: Regional, Culture, and Language Familiarization Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

patients. The top trading cycle is popular in market design because it can be Pareto efficient and strategy proof when making assignments such as...29 1. Results for Group 1: Platoons 1 and 2 .............................................29 2...Results for Group 2: Platoons 3 and 4 .............................................31 3. Results for Group 3: Platoons 5 and 6

Renal histopathology in toxicity and carcinogenicity studies with tert-butyl alcohol administered in drinking water to F344 rats: a pathology working group review and re-evaluation.

PubMed

Hard, Gordon C; Bruner, Richard H; Cohen, Samuel M; Pletcher, John M; Regan, Karen S

2011-04-01

An independent Pathology Working Group (PWG) re-evaluated the kidney changes in National Toxicology Program (NTP) toxicology/carcinogenicity studies of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in F344/N rats to determine possible mode(s) of action underlying renal tubule tumors in male rats at 2-years. In the 13-week study, the PWG confirmed that the normal pattern of round hyaline droplets in proximal convoluted tubules was replaced by angular droplet accumulation, and identified precursors of granular casts in the outer medulla, changes typical of alpha(2u)-globulin (α(2u)-g) nephropathy. In the 2-year study, the PWG confirmed the NTP observation of increased renal tubule tumors in treated male groups. Linear papillary mineralization, another hallmark of the α(2u)-g pathway was present only in treated male rats. Chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN) was exacerbated in high-dose males and females, with a relationship between advanced grades of CPN and renal tumor occurrence. Hyperplasia of the papilla lining was a component of CPN in both sexes, but there was no pelvic urothelial hyperplasia. High-dose females showed no TBA-related nephrotoxicity. The PWG concluded that both α(2u)-g nephropathy and exacerbated CPN modes of action were operative in TBA renal tumorigenicity in male rats, neither of which has relevance for human cancer risk. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Quasi-Universal Nonword Repetition Task as a Diagnostic Tool for Bilingual Children Learning Dutch as a Second Language.

PubMed

Boerma, Tessel; Chiat, Shula; Leseman, Paul; Timmermeister, Mona; Wijnen, Frank; Blom, Elma

2015-12-01

This study evaluated a newly developed quasi-universal nonword repetition task (Q-U NWRT) as a diagnostic tool for bilingual children with language impairment (LI) who have Dutch as a 2nd language. The Q-U NWRT was designed to be minimally influenced by knowledge of 1 specific language in contrast to a language-specific NWRT with which it was compared. One hundred twenty monolingual and bilingual children with and without LI participated (30 per group). A mixed-design analysis of variance was used to investigate the effects of LI and bilingualism on the NWRTs. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were conducted to evaluate the instruments' diagnostic value. Large negative effects of LI were found on both NWRTs, whereas negative effects of bilingualism only occurred on the language-specific NWRT. Both instruments had high clinical accuracy in the monolingual group, but only the Q-U NWRT had high clinical accuracy in the bilingual group. This study indicates that the Q-U NWRT is a promising diagnostic tool to help identify LI in bilingual children learning Dutch as a 2nd language. The instrument was clinically accurate in both a monolingual and bilingual group of children and seems better able to disentangle LI from language disadvantage than more language-specific measures.

U-Th-Pb and Rb-Sr systematics of Apollo 17 boulder 7 from the North Massif of the Taurus-Littrow Valley

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nunes, P.D.; Tatsumoto, M.; Unruh, D.M.

1974-01-01

Portions of highland breccia boulder 7 collected during the Apollo 17 mission were studied using UThPb and RbSr systematics. A RbSr internal isochron age of 3.89 ?? 0.08 b.y. with an initial 87Sr/86Sr of 0.69926 ?? 0.00008 was obtained for clast 1 (77135,57) (a troctolitic microbreccia). A troctolitic portion of microbreccia clast 77215,37 yielded a UPb internal isochron of 3.8 ?? 0.2 b.y. and an initial 206Pb/207Pb of 0.69. These internal isochron age are interpreted as reflecting metamorphic events, probably related to impacts, which reset RbSr and UPb mineral systems of older rocks. Six portions of boulder 7 were analyzed for U, Th, and Pb as whole rocks. Two chemical groups appear to be defined by the U, Th, and Pb concentration data. Chemical group A is characterized by U, Th, and Pb concentrations and 238U/204Pb values which are higher than those of group B. Group A rocks have typical 232Th/238U ratios of ??? 3.85, whereas-group B rocks have unusually high Th/U values of ??? 4.1. Whole-rock UPb and PbPb ages are nearly concordant. Two events appear to be reflected in these data - one at ??? 4.4 b.y. and one at ??? 4.5 b.y. The chemical groupings show no correlation with documented ages. The old ages of ??? 4.4 b.y. and ??? 4.5 b.y. may, like the younger ??? 4.0 b.y. ages, be related to basin excavation events. ?? 1974.

[Reproducing and evaluating a rabbit model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation resulted from asphyxia].

PubMed

Zhang, Dong; Li, Nan; Chen, Ying; Wang, Yu-shan

2013-02-01

To evaluate the reproduction of a model of post resuscitation multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (PR-MODS) after cardiac arrest (CA) in rabbit, in order to provide new methods for post-CA treatment. Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, the sham group (n=5), the 7-minute asphyxia group (n=15), and the 8-minute asphyxia group (n=15). The asphyxia CA model was reproduced with tracheal occlusion. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the ratio of recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), the mortality at different time points and the incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) were observed in two asphyxia groups. Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (Cr), glucose (Glu) and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) levels in blood were measured in the two asphyxia groups before CPR and 12, 24 and 48 hours after ROSC. The survived rabbits were euthanized at 48 hours after ROSC, and heart, brain, lung, kidney, liver, and intestine were harvested for pathological examination using light microscope. PR-MODS after CA was defined based on the function of main organs and their pathological changes. (1) The incidence of ROSC was 100.0% in 7-minute asphyxia group and 86.7% in 8-minute asphyxia group respectively (P>0.05). The 6-hour mortality in 8-minute asphyxia group was significantly higher than that in 7-minute asphyxia group (46.7% vs. 6.7%, P<0.05), and the mortality of 8-minute asphyxia group at 12 - 48 hours was slightly higher compared with that of 7-minute asphyxia group (all P>0.05). (2) There was a variety of organ dysfunctions in survived rabbits after ROSC, including chemosis, respiratory distress, hypotension, abdominal distension, weakened or disappearance of bowel peristalsis and oliguria. (3) There was no SIRS or associated changes in major organ function in the sham group. SIRS was observed at 12 - 24 hours after ROSC in the two asphyxia groups. CK-MB was increased significantly at 12 hours after ROSC compared with that before asphyxia (7-minute asphyxia group: 786.88±211.84 U/L vs. 468.20±149.45 U/L, 8-minute asphyxia group: 894.88±248.80 U/L vs. 462.11±115.15 U/L, both P<0.05), ALT, Cr and Glu were elevated obviously at 24 hours after ROSC (7-minute asphyxia group ALT: 174.25±36.28 U/L vs. 50.27±9.37 U/L, Cr: 144.25±41.64 μmol/L vs. 67.71±16.47 μmol/L, Glu: 11.21±1.14 mmol/L vs. 5.59±1.10 mmol/L; 8-minute asphyxia group ALT: 205.50±10.61 U/L vs. 51.13±10.37 U/L, Cr: 230.50±88.39 μmol/L vs. 65.93±13.81 μmol/L, Glu: 11.55±0.35 mmol/L vs. 6.41±1.23 mmol/L, all P<0.05), and PaO2 was lowered significantly at 48 hours after ROSC (7-minute asphyxia group: 5.03±0.73 kPa vs. 9.07±1.03 kPa, P<0.05). (4) There were pathological changes in major organ in the survived rabbits at 48 hours after ROSC (only 4 rabbits survived in 7-minute asphyxia group), including infiltration of inflammatory cells, partial cellular degeneration, edema, necrosis and tissue bleeding in major organs. If the SIRS and dysfunction of two or more organ were defined in animals after ROSC, the signs, biochemical markers and nonspecific pathological changes could be accepted to evaluate the PR-MODS.

Quantifying the eating abnormalities in frontotemporal dementia.

PubMed

Ahmed, Rebekah M; Irish, Muireann; Kam, Jonathan; van Keizerswaard, Jolanda; Bartley, Lauren; Samaras, Katherine; Hodges, John R; Piguet, Olivier

2014-12-01

Presence of eating abnormalities is one of the core criteria for the diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), yet their occurrence in other subtypes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and effect on metabolic health is not known. To define and quantify patterns of eating behavior and energy, sugar, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake, as well as indices of metabolic health in patients with bvFTD and semantic dementia (SD) compared with patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and healthy control participants. Prospective case-controlled study involving patient and caregiver completion of surveys. Seventy-five participants with dementia (21 with bvFTD, 26 with SD, and 28 with AD) and 18 age- and education-matched healthy controls were recruited from FRONTIER, the FTD research clinic at Neuroscience Research Australia in Sydney. Caregivers of patients with FTD and AD completed validated questionnaires on appetite, eating behaviors, energy consumption, and dietary macronutrient composition. All participants completed surveys on hunger and satiety. Body mass index and weight measurements were prospectively collected. The bvFTD group had significant abnormalities in the domains of appetite (U = 111.0, z = 2.7, P = .007), eating habits (U = 69.5, z = 3.8, P = .001), food preferences (U = 57.0, z = 4.1, P = .001), swallowing (U = 109.0, z = 3.0, P = .003), and other oral behaviors (U = 141.0, z = 2.6, P = .009) compared with the AD group. The bvFTD and SD groups tended to have increased energy consumption. Compared with controls, the bvFTD group had significantly increased carbohydrate intake (251 vs 170 g/d; P = .05) and the SD group had significantly increased sugar intake (114 vs 76 g/d; P = .049). No significant differences in total fat or protein intake between the groups were found. Despite similar energy intake, the SD group had lower hunger and satiety scores compared with the bvFTD group. In contrast, hunger and satiety scores did not differ between the bvFTD group and controls. The abnormal eating behavior was found in the 2 groups (bvFTD and SD) with the highest body mass index (F = 4.2, P = .008) and waist circumference (F = 6.4, P = .001). Abnormal eating behaviors are prominent in patients with bvFTD and those with SD and are not limited to increased appetite. The observed higher intake of sugar and carbohydrates was found in patients with the FTD subtypes and those with higher body mass index and waist circumference and was not explained simply by increased hunger or lower satiety.

Supersymmetric solutions of the cosmological, gauged, ℂ magic model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chimento, Samuele; Ortín, Tomás; Ruipérez, Alejandro

2018-05-01

We construct supersymmetric solutions of theories of gauged N = 1 , d = 5 supergravity coupled to vector multiplets with a U(1)R Abelian (Fayet-Iliopoulos) gauging and an independent SU(2) gauging associated to an SU(2) isometry group of the Real Special scalar manifold. These theories provide minimal supersymmetrizations of 5-dimensional SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills theories with negative cosmological constant. We consider a minimal model with these gauge groups and the "magic model" based on the Jordan algebra J 3 ℂ with gauge group SU(3) × U(1)R, which is a consistent truncation of maximal SO(6)-gauged supergravity in d = 5 and whose solutions can be embedded in Type IIB Superstring Theory. We find several solutions containing selfdual SU(2) instantons, some of which asymptote to AdS5 and some of which are very small, supersymmetric, deformations of AdS5. We also show how some of those solutions can be embedded in Romans' SU(2) × U(1)-gauged half-maximal supergravity, which was obtained by Lu, Pope and Tran by compactification of the Type IIB Superstring effective action. This provides another way of uplifting those solutions to 10 dimensions.

Effects of activin A and its downstream ERK1/2 in oxygen and glucose deprivation after isoflurane-induced postconditioning.

PubMed

Wang, Qin; Yin, Jiangwen; Wang, Sheng; Cui, Di; Lin, Hong; Ge, Mingyue; Dai, Zhigang; Xie, Liping; Si, Junqiang; Ma, Ketao; Li, Li; Zhao, Lei

2016-12-01

Isoflurane postconditioning (ISPOC) plays a neuroprotection role in the brain. Previous studies confirmed that isoflurane postconditioning can provide better protection than preconditioning in acute hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, such as acute craniocerebral trauma and ischemic stroke. Numerous studies have reported that activin A can protect rat's brain from cell injury. However, whether activin A and its downstream ERK1/2 were involved in isoflurane postconditioning-induced neuroprotection is unknown. A total of 80 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 50-70g were randomly divided into 10 groups of 8: normal control, oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), 1.5% ISPOC, 3.0% ISPOC, 4.5% ISPOC, blocker of activin A (SB431542), blocker of ERK1/2 (U0126), 3.0% ISPOC+SB431542, 3.0% ISPOC+U0126, and vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)) group. Blockers (SB431542 and U0126) were used in each concentration of isoflurane before OGD. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, and propidium iodide (PI) staining were conducted to assess the reliability in the brain slices. Immunofluorescence, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR(Q-PCR) were performed to validate the protein expression levels of activin A, Smad2/3, P-Smad2/3, ERK1/2, and phosphorylation ERK1/2 (P-ERK1/2). The number of damaged neurons and mean fluorescence intensity(MFI) of PI staining increased, but formazan generation, expression levels of activin A and P-ERK1/2 protein, and mRNA synthesis level of activin A decreased in the OGD group compared with the normal control group (p<0.05). The number of damaged neurons and MFI of PI staining decreased, but formazan production, expression levels of activin A, P-Smad2/3, and P-ERK1/2, and mRNA synthesis level of activin A increased significantly in the 1.5% ISPOC and 3.0% ISPOC groups (p<0.05) compared with the OGD group. The result in the 4.5% ISPOC group, was completely opposite to the 1.5% ISPOC and 3.0% ISPOC groups. The number of damage neuron and MFI of PI staining increased, but formazan production, expression levels of activin A, P-Smad2/3, and P-ERK1/2, and mRNA synthesis level of activin A decreased in the 4.5% ISPOC group. However, the expression levels of activin A, P-Smad2/3, and P-ERK1/2, and mRNA synthesis level of activin A in the 4.5% ISPOC group were higher than the OGD group (p<0.05). The other results were compared between the SB431542 group/the U0126 group and 3.0% ISPOC group. The MFI of PI staining increased, but the expression levels of activin A, P-Smad2/3, and P-ERK1/2 decreased (p<0.05). The expression level of ERK1/2 protein in all groups exhibited no change (p>0.05). Results of this study showed that 3.0% concentration of isoflurane postconditioning provided better neuroprotection than 1.5% and 4.5% concentrations of isoflurane. Activin A/Smad 2/3 and activin A/ERK1/2 signaling pathway may be involved in ISPOC-induced neuroprotection. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, dose-finding study of condoliase in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

PubMed

Matsuyama, Yukihiro; Chiba, Kazuhiro; Iwata, Hisashi; Seo, Takayuki; Toyama, Yoshiaki

2018-05-01

OBJECTIVE Chemonucleolysis with condoliase has the potential to be a new, less invasive therapeutic option for patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The aim of the present study was to determine the most suitable therapeutic dose of condoliase. METHODS Patients between 20 and 70 years of age with unilateral leg pain, positive findings on the straight leg raise test, and LDH were recruited. All eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive condoliase (1.25, 2.5, or 5 U) or placebo. The primary end point was a change in the worst leg pain from preadministration (baseline) to week 13. The secondary end points were changes from baseline in the following items: worst back pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), SF-36, and neurological examination. For pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses, plasma condoliase concentrations and serum keratan sulfate concentrations were measured. The safety end points were adverse events (AEs) and radiographic and MRI parameters. Data on leg pain, back pain, abnormal neurological findings, and imaging parameters were collected until week 52. RESULTS A total of 194 patients received an injection of condoliase or placebo. The mean change in worst leg pain from baseline to week 13 was -31.7 mm (placebo), -46.7 mm (1.25 U), -41.1 mm (2.5 U), and -47.6 mm (5 U). The differences were significant at week 13 in the 1.25-U group (-14.9 mm; 95% CI -28.4 to -1.4 mm; p = 0.03) and 5-U group (-15.9 mm; 95% CI -29.0 to -2.7 mm; p = 0.01) compared with the placebo group. The dose-response improvement in the worst leg pain at week 13 was not significant (p = 0.14). The decrease in the worst leg pain in all 3 condoliase groups was observed from week 1 through week 52. Regarding the other end points, the worst back pain and results of the straight leg raise test, ODI, and SF-36 showed a tendency for sustained improvement in each of the condoliase groups until week 52. In all patients at all time points, plasma condoliase concentrations were below the detectable limit (< 100 μU/ml). Serum keratan sulfate concentrations significantly increased from baseline to 6 hours and 6 weeks after administration in all 3 condoliase groups. No patient died or developed anaphylaxis or neurological sequelae. Five serious AEs occurred in 5 patients (3 patients in the condoliase groups and 2 patients in the placebo group), resolved, and were considered unrelated to the investigational drug. Severe AEs occurred in 10 patients in the condoliase groups and resolved or improved. In the condoliase groups, back pain was the most frequent AE. Modic type 1 change and decrease in disc height were frequent imaging findings. Dose-response relationships were observed for the incidence of adverse drug reactions and decrease in disc height. CONCLUSIONS Condoliase significantly improved clinical symptoms in patients with LDH and was well tolerated. While all 3 doses had similar efficacy, the incidence of adverse drug reactions and decrease in disc height were dose dependent, thereby suggesting that 1.25 U would be the recommended clinical dose of condoliase. Clinical trial registration no.: NCT00634946 (clinicaltrials.gov).

The role of selenium in iodine metabolism in children with goiter.

PubMed Central

Zagrodzki, P; Szmigiel, H; Ratajczak, R; Szybinski, Z; Zachwieja, Z

2000-01-01

Possible interactions between selenium and iodine metabolism were investigated in 7- to 16-year-old children with goiter (n = 136) living in southeastern Poland in iodine-deficient areas influenced by a sulfur industry. The Se-iodine interactions in these children were compared to the interactions in children from outside of that region (n = 38). Blood selenium (BSe) concentration and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity were much lower in the study group (64.1 +/- 15.7 microg/L; 111.0 +/- 27.6 U/L) than in the control group (85.3 +/- 19.6 microg/L; 182.4 +/- 35.6 U/L). Almost all of the data [plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration, plasma free thyroxine (fT(4)) concentration] fell within the reference limits. There was no statistically significant difference between the control and the study groups with respect to fT(4) and TSH. However, statistically significant differences of fT(4) and TSH in the study group were revealed between females belonging to the lower (n = 21; fT(4), 16.1 +/- 3.3 pmol/L; TSH, 1.83 +/- 1.05 mU/L) and upper Se quartiles (n = 24; fT(4), 14.5 +/- 2.2 pmol/L; TSH, 1. 26 +/- 0.90 mU/L), p < 0.05. Neither group differed in iodine in urine concentration, age, and body mass index. The difference in fT(4) concentrations can be attributed to an Se deficiency. The relationship exists only for females, which suggests a sex-linked hormonal response to concomitant Se and iodine deficiencies. Images Figure 1 Figure 2 PMID:10620526

7 CFR 2500.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... socially disadvantaged group. (See 7 U.S.C. 2279(e)(2)). Socially disadvantaged group means a group whose members have been subjected to racial or ethnic prejudice because of their identity as members of a group..., band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska Native village or regional or...

7 CFR 2500.103 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... socially disadvantaged group. (See 7 U.S.C. 2279(e)(2)). Socially disadvantaged group means a group whose members have been subjected to racial or ethnic prejudice because of their identity as members of a group..., band, nation, or other organized group or community, including any Alaska Native village or regional or...

Oxidation/reduction studies on Zr yU 1-yO 2+x and delineation of a new orthorhombic phase in U-Zr-O system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sali, S. K.; Kulkarni, N. K.; Krishnan, K.; Achary, S. N.; Tyagi, A. K.

2008-08-01

In this communication, we report the oxidation and reduction behavior of fluorite type solid solutions in U-Zr-O. The maximum solubility of ZrO 2 in UO 2 lattice could be achieved with a mild oxidizing followed by reducing conditions. The role of valency state of U is more dominating in controlling the unit cell parameters than the incorporated interstitial oxygen in the fluorite lattice. The controlled oxidation studies on U-Zr-O solid solutions led to the delineation of a new distorted fluorite lattice at the U:Zr=2:1 composition. The detailed crystal structure analysis of this ordered composition Zr 0.33U 0.67O 2.33 (ZrU 2O 7) has been carried from the powder XRD data. This phase crystallizes in an orthorhombically distorted fluorite type lattice with unit cell parameters: a=5.1678(2), b=5.4848(2), c=5.5557(2) Å and V=157.47(1) Å 3 (Space group: Cmcm, No. 63). The metal ions have distorted cubical polyhedra with anion similar to the fluorite structure. The excess anions are occupied in the interstitial (empty cubes) of the fluorite unit cell. The crystal structure and chemical analyses suggest approximately equal fractions of U 4+ and U 6+ in this compound. The details of the thermal stability as well as kinetics of formation and oxidation of ZrU 2O 7 are also studied using thermogravimetry.

Boron neutron capture therapy induces apoptosis of glioma cells through Bcl-2/Bax

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an alternative treatment modality for patients with glioma. The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of apoptosis contributes to the main therapeutic efficacy of BNCT and to compare the relative biological effect (RBE) of BNCT, γ-ray and reactor neutron irradiation. Methods The neutron beam was obtained from the Xi'an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) and γ-rays were obtained from [60Co] γ source of the Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU) in China. Human glioma cells (the U87, U251, and SHG44 cell lines) were irradiated by neutron beams at the XAPR or [60Co] γ-rays at the FMMU with different protocols: Group A included control nonirradiated cells; Group B included cells treated with 4 Gy of [60Co] γ-rays; Group C included cells treated with 8 Gy of [60Co] γ-rays; Group D included cells treated with 4 Gy BPA (p-borono-phenylalanine)-BNCT; Group E included cells treated with 8 Gy BPA-BNCT; Group F included cells irradiated in the reactor for the same treatment period as used for Group D; Group G included cells irradiated in the reactor for the same treatment period as used for Group E; Group H included cells irradiated with 4 Gy in the reactor; and Group I included cells irradiated with 8 Gy in the reactor. Cell survival was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. The morphology of cells was detected by Hoechst33342 staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometer (FCM). The level of Bcl-2 and Bax protein was measured by western blot analysis. Results Proliferation of U87, U251, and SHG44 cells was much more strongly inhibited by BPA-BNCT than by irradiation with [60Co] γ-rays (P < 0.01). Nuclear condensation was determined using both a fluorescence technique and electron microscopy in all cell lines treated with BPA-BNCT. Furthermore, the cellular apoptotic rates in Group D and Group E treated with BPA-BNCT were significantly higher than those in Group B and Group C irradiated by [60Co] γ-rays (P < 0.01). The clonogenicity of glioma cells was reduced by BPA-BNCT compared with cells treated in the reactor (Group F, G, H, I), and with the control cells (P < 0.01). Upon BPA-BNCT treatment, the Bax level increased in glioma cells, whereas Bcl-2 expression decreased. Conclusions Compared with γ-ray and reactor neutron irradiation, a higher RBE can be achieved upon treatment of glioma cells with BNCT. Glioma cell apoptosis induced by BNCT may be related to activation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. PMID:21122152

[Extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway regulates the endothelial differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells].

PubMed

Zhu, Hong; Luo, Lankun; Wang, Ying; Tan, Jun; Xue, Peng; Wang, Qintao

2016-03-01

To investigate the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway on the endothelial differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Human PDLSC was cultured in the medium with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) to induce endothelial differentiation. Endothelial inducing cells was incubated with U0126, a specific p-ERK1/2 inhibitor. PDLSC from one person were randomly divided into four groups: control group, endothelial induced group, endothelial induced+DMSO group and endothelial induced+U0126 group. The protein expression of the p-EKR1/2 was analyzed by Western blotting at 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours during endonthelial induction. The mRNA expressions of CD31, VE-cadherin, and VEGF were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) after a 7-day induction. The proportion of CD31(+) to VE-cadherin(+) cells was identified by flow cytometry, and the ability of capillary-like tubes formation was detected by Matrigel assay after a 14-day induction. The measurement data were statistically analyzed. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein level in PDLSC was increased to 1.24±0.12 and 1.03±0.24 at 1 h and 3 h respectively, during the endothelial induction (P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of CD31 and VEGF in induced+U0126 group were decreased to 0.09±0.18 and 0.49±0.17, which were both significantly different with those in induced group (P<0.05). The proportion of CD31(+) to VE-cadherin(+) cells of induced+U0126 group were decreased to 5.22±0.85 and 3.56±0.87, which were both significantly different with those in induced group (P<0.05). In Matrigel assay, the branching points, tube number and tube length were decreased to 7.0±2.7, 33.5±6.4, and (15 951.0±758.1) pixels, which were all significantly different with those in induced group (P<0.05). The endothelial differentiation of PDLSC is positively regulated by ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation could suppress endothelial differentiation of PDLSC.

The loss of a hydrogen bond: Thermodynamic contributions of a non-standard nucleotide

PubMed Central

Jolley, Elizabeth A.

2017-01-01

Abstract Non-standard nucleotides are ubiquitous in RNA. Thermodynamic studies with RNA duplexes containing non-standard nucleotides, whether incorporated naturally or chemically, can provide insight into the stability of Watson–Crick pairs and the role of specific functional groups in stabilizing a Watson–Crick pair. For example, an A-U, inosine•U and pseudouridine•A pair each form two hydrogen bonds. However, an RNA duplex containing a central I•U pair or central Ψ•A pair is 2.4 kcal/mol less stable or 1.7 kcal/mol more stable, respectively, than the corresponding duplex containing an A-U pair. In the non-standard nucleotide purine, hydrogen replaces the exocyclic amino group of A. This replacement results in a P•U pair containing only one hydrogen bond. Optical melting studies were performed with RNA duplexes containing P•U pairs adjacent to different nearest neighbors. The resulting thermodynamic parameters were compared to RNA duplexes containing A-U pairs in order to determine the contribution of the hydrogen bond involving the exocyclic amino group. Results indicate a loss of 1.78 kcal/mol, on average, when an internal P•U replaces A-U in an RNA duplex. This value is compared to the thermodynamics of a hydrogen bond determined by similar methods. Nearest neighbor parameters were derived for use in free energy and secondary structure prediction software. PMID:28180321

Achieving Generality over Conditions: Combining the Multitrait Multimethod Matrix and the Representative Design of Experiments.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-08-02

We take that aim to have been achieved in principle (no one has challenged it), if not in practice. We aim therefore to build upon that achievement by...NJ + (J + C~ C + 2 C EU E E 4-)C o.C ~ ~+ (NJ + (N Er E o - ~.. ~____ U) C fl - C C C CE E le E0 I0 U.- E EEa E - Ui Ei . U (alKE E E E 2 2- 2 E Ca...RESEARCH Engineering Psychology Group • TECHNICAL REPORTS DISTRIBUTION LIST OSD Department of the Nay CAPT Paul R. Chatelier Tactical Development

Probing the Watson-Crick, wobble, and sugar-edge hydrogen bond sites of uracil and thymine.

PubMed

Müller, Andreas; Frey, Jann A; Leutwyler, Samuel

2005-06-16

The nucleobases uracil (U) and thymine (T) offer three hydrogen-bonding sites for double H-bond formation via neighboring N-H and C=O groups, giving rise to the Watson-Crick, wobble and sugar-edge hydrogen bond isomers. We probe the hydrogen bond properties of all three sites by forming hydrogen bonded dimers of U, 1-methyluracil (1MU), 3-methyluracil (3MU), and T with 2-pyridone (2PY). The mass- and isomer-specific S1 <-- S0 vibronic spectra of 2PY.U, 2PY.3MU, 2PY.1MU, and 2PY.T were measured using UV laser resonant two-photon ionization (R2PI). The spectra of the Watson-Crick and wobble isomers of 2PY.1MU were separated using UV-UV spectral hole-burning. We identify the different isomers by combining three different diagnostic tools: (1) Selective methylation of the uracil N3-H group, which allows formation of the sugar-edge isomer only, and methylation of the N1-H group, which leads to formation of the Watson-Crick and wobble isomers. (2) The experimental S1 <-- S0 origins exhibit large spectral blue shifts relative to the 2PY monomer. Ab initio CIS calculations of the spectral shifts of the different hydrogen-bonded dimers show a linear correlation with experiment. This correlation allows us to identify the R2PI spectra of the weakly populated Watson-Crick and wobble isomers of both 2PY.U and 2PY.T. (3) PW91 density functional calculation of the ground-state binding and dissociation energies De and D0 are in agreement with the assignment of the dominant hydrogen bond isomers of 2PY.U, 2PY.3MU and 2PY.T as the sugar-edge form. For 2PY.U, 2PY.T and 2PY.1MU the measured wobble:Watson-Crick:sugar-edge isomer ratios are in good agreement with the calculated ratios, based on the ab initio dissociation energies and gas-phase statistical mechanics. The Watson-Crick and wobble isomers are thereby determined to be several kcal/mol less strongly bound than the sugar-edge isomers. The 36 observed intermolecular frequencies of the nine different H-bonded isomers give detailed insight into the intermolecular force field.

Single-crystal growth of C u4(OH) 6BrF and universal behavior in quantum spin liquid candidates synthetic barlowite and herbertsmithite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pasco, C. M.; Trump, B. A.; Tran, Thao T.; Kelly, Z. A.; Hoffmann, C.; Heinmaa, I.; Stern, R.; McQueen, T. M.

2018-04-01

Synthetic barlowite, C u4(OH) 6BrF , has emerged as a new quantum spin liquid (QSL) host, containing kagomé layers of S =1 /2 C u2 + ions separated by interlayer C u2 + ions. Similar to synthetic herbertsmithite, ZnC u3(OH) 6C l2 , it has been reported that Z n2 + substitution for the interlayer C u2 + induces a QSL ground state. Here we report a scalable synthesis of single crystals of C u4(OH) 6BrF . Through x-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction measurements coupled with magic angle spinning 19F and 1H NMR spectroscopy, we resolve the previously reported positional disorder of the interlayer C u2 + ions and find that the structure is best described in the orthorhombic space group, Cmcm, with lattice parameters a =6.665 (13 )Å ,b =11.521 (2 )Å ,c =9.256 (18 )Å , and an ordered arrangement of interlayer C u2 + ions. Infrared spectroscopy measurements of the O—H and F—H stretching frequencies demonstrate that the orthorhombic symmetry persists upon substitution of Z n2 + for C u2 + . Specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements of Zn-substituted barlowite, Z nxC u4 -x(OH) 6BrF , reveal striking similarities with the behavior of Z nxC u4 -x(OH) 6C l2 . These parallels imply universal behavior of copper kagomé lattices even in the presence of small symmetry-breaking distortions. Thus, synthetic barlowite demonstrates universality of the physics of synthetic C u2 + kagomé minerals and furthers the development of real QSL states.

Syntheses and structures of [UO2( L)5](ClO4)2 and [U( L')4(H2O)4](ClO4)4 ( L is dimethylformamide, L' is N,N-dimethylcarbamide)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Serezhkin, V. N.; Vologzhanina, A. V.; Pushkin, D. V.; Astashkina, D. A.; Savchenkov, A. V.; Serezhkina, L. B.

2017-09-01

The reaction of aqueous solutions of uranyl perchlorate with selected organic amides was studied in the dark and under the sunlight. The complexes [UVIO2(C3H7NO)5](ClO4)2 ( I) and [UIV(C3H8N2O)4(H2O)4](ClO4)4 ( II), where C3H7NO is N,N-dimethylformamide ( Dmfa) and C3H8N2O is N,N-dimethylcarbamide ( a-Dmur), were studied by X-ray diffraction. Complex II and the complex UIV( s-Dmur)4(H2O)4(ClO4)4 ( III), where s-Dmur is N,N'-dimethylcarbamide, were studied by IR spectroscopy. Crystals I and II are composed of mononuclear [UO2( Dmfa)5]2+ and [U( Dmur)4(H2O)4]4+ groups as uranium-containing structural units belonging to the crystal-chemical groups AM 7 1 ( A = UVI, M 1 = O2- and Dmfa) and AM 8 1 ( A = UIV, M 1 = Dmur and H2O) of uranium complexes, respectively. The mononuclear uranium- containing complexes in the crystals of U(IV) and U(VI) perchlorates were found to obey the 14 neighbors rule.

Prognostic index for chronic- and smoldering-type adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.

PubMed

Katsuya, Hiroo; Shimokawa, Mototsugu; Ishitsuka, Kenji; Kawai, Kazuhiro; Amano, Masahiro; Utsunomiya, Atae; Hino, Ryosuke; Hanada, Shuichi; Jo, Tatsuro; Tsukasaki, Kunihiro; Moriuchi, Yukiyoshi; Sueoka, Eisaburo; Yoshida, Shinichiro; Suzushima, Hitoshi; Miyahara, Masaharu; Yamashita, Kiyoshi; Eto, Tetsuya; Suzumiya, Junji; Tamura, Kazuo

2017-07-06

Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) has been divided into 4 clinical subtypes: acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering. The aim of this study is to develop a novel prognostic index (PI) for chronic and smoldering ATL. We conducted a nationwide retrospective survey on ATL patients, and 248 fully eligible individuals were used in this analysis. In the univariate analysis, sex, performance status, log 10 (soluble interleukin-2 receptor [sIL-2R]), neutrophils count, and lymphadenopathy showed values of P < .05 in training samples. A multivariate analysis was performed on these factors, and only log 10 (sIL-2R) was identified as an independent prognostic factor in training samples. Using a regression coefficient of this variable, a prognostic model was formulated to identify different levels of risk: indolent ATL-PI (iATL-PI) = 1.51 × log 10 (sIL-2R [U/mL]). The values calculated by iATL-PI were divided into 3 groups using a quartile point. In the validation sample, median survival times (MSTs) were 1.6 years, 5.5 years, and not reached for patients in the high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups, respectively ( P < .0001). To make the scoring system clinically practicable, we simplified iATL-PI according to trichotomizing sIL-2R at 1000 and 6000 U/mL, using a quartile point. Patients with more than 6000 U/mL sIL-2R were categorized into the high-risk group, less than and equal to 1000 U/mL into the low-risk group, and the others into the intermediate-risk group, and MSTs were 1.6 years, not reached, and 5.5 years, respectively ( P < .0001). iATL-PI has potential as a novel tool for a risk-adapted therapeutic approach. © 2017 by The American Society of Hematology.

High-resolution spectrum of the second member in the ( πu3 p) 4 ( πg3 p) ( πunp) Rydberg series of 32S 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramanamma Chaudhri, Y. V.; Mahajan, C. G.

1991-02-01

High-resolution spectra of S 2 in the region of the E and F- X progressions have been used to carry out the rotational analyses of the bands at 65 869, 66 666, 65 978, 66 380, and 67 094 cm -1. The first two bands form a single progression and have been attributed to the transition E1 u( {1}/{2}, {1}/{2}) ← X0 g+. The bands at 65 978 and 66 380 cm -1 are shown to belong to the electronic transitions E'0 u+( {1}/{2}, {1}/{2}) ← X0 g+ and F1 u( {3}/{2}, {1}/{2}) ← X0 g+, respectively. The group of states E, E', and F constitutes the second member ( n = 5) of the Rydberg series ( πu3 p) 4 ( πu3 p) ( πunp) whose first member ( n = 4) is the state 3Σ u-. The band at 67 094 cm -1 has been assigned to the transition D'1 u ← X0 g+ which, when considered in the light of the state D3Π u, seems to form a second member of the Rydberg series ( πu3 p) 4 ( πg3 p) ( σunp). The vibrational and rotational constants of these electronic states have also been derived.

Comparative efficacy of two dosages of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in healthy adolescents in India.

PubMed

Velu, Vijayakumar; Nandakumar, Subhadra; Shanmugam, Saravanan; Shankar, Esaki Muthu; Thangavel, Sundararajan; Kulkarni, Prasad Suryakant; Thyagarajan, Sadras Panchatcharam

2007-11-01

Inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine in the Universal Programme of Immunization of all Asian and African countries is hampered by the economic burden on the health budget because of the cost of hepatitis B vaccines. Here we evaluated the immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, and the persistence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) titers of a new and a low cost recombinant hepatitis B vaccine GeneVac B, with 2 different dosages in healthy adolescents in India. GeneVac-B, a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Serum Institute of India, Pune, India), was administered in 10 or 20 microg dose intramuscularly to 2 groups of 100 healthy school-going adolescents at 0-, 1-, and 6-month intervals, who were followed up for 1 year. Group I received 20 mug doses whereas Group II received 10 mug doses. Blood samples were collected 1 month after each dose and 1 year after the third dose. The anti-HBs titers were assayed using commercially available kits to assess the immunogenicity of the 2 dosage schedules. Safety studies were also carried out. The geometric mean titer value of the anti-HBs titer 1 month after the third dose was 2629 (mlU/mL) in Group I and 1373 mlU/mL for Group II subjects. One year after the third dose, the persistence of anti-HBs in those who had received 20 mug was 2262 mlU/mL whereas it was 1039 mlU/mL in the group receiving 10 microg doses. All the subjects in both the groups were seroprotected at 1 year after vaccination. None of the vaccinees exhibited serious adverse reactions throughout the study period. The study demonstrated the immunogenicity of the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, and confirms that the 0.5 mL (10 microg) dose of GeneVac B can be administered with satisfactory safety and immunogenicity to adolescents up to 19 years of age, reducing the cost to less than U.S. $1.00 per dose making it acceptable for the Universal Programme of Immunization of developing and under developed countries.

Open heart operations without transfusion using a multimodality blood conservation strategy in 50 Jehovah's Witness patients: implications for a "bloodless" surgical technique.

PubMed

Rosengart, T K; Helm, R E; DeBois, W J; Garcia, N; Krieger, K H; Isom, O W

1997-06-01

Blood transfusion persists as an important risk of open heart operations despite the recent introduction of a variety of new pharmacologic agents and blood conservation techniques as independent therapies. A comprehensive multimodality blood conservation program was developed to minimize this risk. To provide a strategy for operating without transfusion, this program was prospectively applied to 50 adult patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses and have undergone open heart operation at our institution since 1992. The blood conservation program used for these patients included the use of high-dose erythropoietin (800 U/kg load, 500 U/kg every other day), aprotinin (6 million U total dose full Hammersmith regimen), "maximal" volume intraoperative autologous blood donation, intraoperative cell salvage, continuous shed blood reinfusion, and drawing as few blood specimens as possible. Procedures performed included first-time coronary bypass operations (n = 30) and more complex operations, including reoperations, valve replacements, and multiple valve replacements with or without coronary bypass (n = 20). Despite the absence of transfusion, the mean discharge hematocrit in these patients was greater than 30 percent, and there was no anemia-related mortality rate in this group. The overall in-hospital mortality for the group was 4 percent. A subset analysis was performed between the 30 first-time coronary bypass patients (group 1) and a control group of 30 consecutive patients who were not Jehovah's Witnesses but had undergone first-time coronary bypass during the same period (group 2). The blood conservation program described in the previous paragraph was not used in group 2 patients and specific transfusion criteria were prospectively applied. The chest tube output in group 1 patients was less than 40 percent of that for group 2 patients at all points measured after operation (p < 0.01). Postoperative hematocrit levels in group 1 were greater than those for group 2, despite the absence of red blood cell transfusion and despite a significantly lower admission hematocrit and red blood cell mass in group 1. The average length of stay and ancillary costs for the two groups were equivalent. Although group 1 and 2 patients were well matched for preoperative transfusion risk factors, none of the group 1 patients required transfusion, but 17 (57 percent) group 2 patients met transfusion criteria and received 3.0 +/- 4.8 U (mean plus or minus standard deviation) of homologous blood or blood products. These results suggest that even complex open heart operations can be performed without homologous transfusion by optimally applying available blood conservation techniques. More generalized application of these measures may increasingly allow "bloodless" operations in all patients.

77 FR 39613 - Presidential Determination on a U.S. Export Import Bank Transaction with Vietnam

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-03

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[Influence of high-voltage electric burn on the microcirculation of heart in rabbit].

PubMed

Zhang, Qing-fu; Zhou, Hui-min; Wang, Che-jiang; Shao, Hong-bo

2012-06-01

To study the influence of high-voltage electric burn on the microcirculation of heart in rabbit. One-hundred and twenty New Zealand rabbits of clean grade were divided into control group (C) and electric burn group (EB) according to the random number table, with 60 rabbits in each group. Rabbits in EB group were subjected to high-voltage electric burn (the electrical current flow into the left foreleg at the lateral side of proximal end and out from the corresponding site of the right hind leg) with voltage regulator and experimental transformer. Rabbits in C group were sham injured with the same devices without electrification. At 15 minutes before injury, and 5 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 8 hour (s) post injury (PIM or PIH), ten rabbits in each group were chosen to examine the cardiac apex microcirculation hemoperfusion (CAMH) with laser Doppler hemoperfusion image instrument. The morphologic changes of microvessels of left ventricular wall tissues of 2 rabbits from each of the 10 rabbits collected at above-mentioned time points were observed with light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Auricular vein blood of rabbit was harvested at above-mentioned time points for the determination of aspartate amino transferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase isozyme MB (CK-MB) by full-automatic biochemical analyzer. Data were processed with two-factor analysis of variance and LSD test. (1) The differences between C group and EB group in detection results were statistically significant, with F values from 425.991 to 3046.834, P values all below 0.01. Only the data within EB group were comparable. (2) At PIM 5, the CAMH value of rabbits in EB group was (1.96 ± 0.09) V, which was lower than that at 15 minutes before injury [(4.34 ± 0.35) V, P < 0.01]. The CAMH value of rabbits in EB group was increased at PIH 1 [(3.43 ± 0.30) V], and then it showed a tendency of decrease. (3) Bleeding and microthrombus formation were observed in venule and capillary vessel of rabbits in EB group at PIH 8. Breakage of basement membrane of capillary endothelial cells, mitochondrial swelling, and severe degranulation from damaged endoplasmic reticulum were observed in rabbits of EB group at PIH 8. (4) Levels of AST, LDH, HBDH, CK, and CK-MB in rabbits of EB group were significantly higher at PIH 1, 2, 4, 8 than at 15 minutes before injury (with P values all below 0.01). The AST level peaked at PIH 2 [(164 ± 39) U/L]. Levels of LDH and HBDH peaked at PIH 4, which were respectively (1016 ± 246) U/L and (487 ± 54) U/L. The CK level peaked at PIH 8 [(7799 ± 738) U/L]. The CK-MB level peaked at PIH 2 [(1848 ± 65) U/L]. High-voltage electric burn can bring damage to the microvessels of heart in rabbits and change blood flow of microcirculation, which should be given adequate attention during the treatment.

Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia during 12 months of randomized treatment with insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus glargine 100 U/mL in people with type 1 diabetes (EDITION 4)

PubMed Central

Bergenstal, Richard M.; Bolli, Geremia B.; Ziemen, Monika; Rojeski, Maria; Espinasse, Melanie; Riddle, Matthew C.

2017-01-01

Aims Insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla‐300) offers a flatter pharmacodynamic profile than insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla‐100). We have compared these insulins over 1 year in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Methods EDITION 4 was a 6‐month, multicentre, randomized, open‐label phase 3 study. People with T1DM who completed the 6 months continued randomized Gla‐300 or Gla‐100 once daily, morning or evening, for a further 6 months. Results Among 549 participants randomized, 444 completed the 12‐month study period (Gla‐300, 80%; Gla‐100, 82%). Mean HbA1c decreased similarly from baseline to month 12 in the 2 treatment groups (difference, 0.02 [95% CI, −0.13 to 0.17]) %‐units [0.2 (−1.5 to 1.9) mmol/mol]), to a mean of 7.86 %‐units (62.4 mmol/mol) in both groups. For morning vs evening injection, there was no difference in HbA1c change over 12 months for Gla‐100, but a significantly larger decrease in HbA1c was observed in the Gla‐300 morning group than in the Gla‐300 evening group (difference, −0.25 [−0.47 to −0.04] %‐units [−2.7 (−5.2 to −0.4) mmol/mol]). Mean glucose from the 8‐point SMPG profiles decreased from baseline, and was similar between the 2 treatment groups. Basal insulin dose was 20% higher with Gla‐300 than with Gla‐100, while hypoglycaemia event rates, analysed at night, over 24 hours, or according to different glycaemic thresholds, did not differ between treatment groups, regardless of injection time. Adverse event profiles did not differ between groups. Conclusions In T1DM, Gla‐300 provides glucose control comparable to that of Gla‐100, and can be given at any time of day. PMID:28661585

Glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia during 12 months of randomized treatment with insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus glargine 100 U/mL in people with type 1 diabetes (EDITION 4).

PubMed

Home, Philip D; Bergenstal, Richard M; Bolli, Geremia B; Ziemen, Monika; Rojeski, Maria; Espinasse, Melanie; Riddle, Matthew C

2018-01-01

Insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) offers a flatter pharmacodynamic profile than insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100). We have compared these insulins over 1 year in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). EDITION 4 was a 6-month, multicentre, randomized, open-label phase 3 study. People with T1DM who completed the 6 months continued randomized Gla-300 or Gla-100 once daily, morning or evening, for a further 6 months. Among 549 participants randomized, 444 completed the 12-month study period (Gla-300, 80%; Gla-100, 82%). Mean HbA1c decreased similarly from baseline to month 12 in the 2 treatment groups (difference, 0.02 [95% CI, -0.13 to 0.17]) %-units [0.2 (-1.5 to 1.9) mmol/mol]), to a mean of 7.86 %-units (62.4 mmol/mol) in both groups. For morning vs evening injection, there was no difference in HbA1c change over 12 months for Gla-100, but a significantly larger decrease in HbA1c was observed in the Gla-300 morning group than in the Gla-300 evening group (difference, -0.25 [-0.47 to -0.04] %-units [-2.7 (-5.2 to -0.4) mmol/mol]). Mean glucose from the 8-point SMPG profiles decreased from baseline, and was similar between the 2 treatment groups. Basal insulin dose was 20% higher with Gla-300 than with Gla-100, while hypoglycaemia event rates, analysed at night, over 24 hours, or according to different glycaemic thresholds, did not differ between treatment groups, regardless of injection time. Adverse event profiles did not differ between groups. In T1DM, Gla-300 provides glucose control comparable to that of Gla-100, and can be given at any time of day. © 2017 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Role of a Burr Hole and Calvarial Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells in the Ischemic Rat Brain: A Possible Mechanism for the Efficacy of Multiple Burr Hole Surgery in Moyamoya Disease.

PubMed

Nam, Taek-Kyun; Park, Seung-Won; Park, Yong-Sook; Kwon, Jeong-Taik; Min, Byung-Kook; Hwang, Sung-Nam

2015-09-01

This study investigates the role of a burr hole and calvarial bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in a transient ischemic brain injury model in the rat and postulates a possible mechanism for the efficacy of multiple cranial burr hole (MCBH) surgery in moyamoya disease (MMD). Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats (250 g, male) were divided into four groups : normal control group (n=5), burr hole group (n=5), ischemia group (n=5), and ischemia+burr hole group (n=5). Focal ischemia was induced by the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At one week after the ischemic injury, a 2 mm-sized cranial burr hole with small cortical incision was made on the ipsilateral (left) parietal area. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, 2 times a day for 6 days after the burr hole trephination. At one week after the burr hole trephination, brains were harvested. Immunohistochemical stainings for BrdU, CD34, VEGF, and Doublecortin and Nestin were done. In the ischemia+burr hole group, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), and Doublecortin (+) cells were found in the cortical incision site below the burr hole. A number of cells with Nestin (+) or VEGF (+) were found in the cerebral parenchyma around the cortical incision site. In the other groups, BrdU (+), CD34 (+), Doublecortin (+), and Nestin (+) cells were not detected in the corresponding area. These findings suggest that BrdU (+) and CD34 (+) cells are bone marrow-derived stem cells, which may be derived from the calvarial bone marrow through the burr hole. The existence of CD34 (+) and VEGF (+) cells indicates increased angiogenesis, while the existence of Doublecortin (+), Nestin (+) cells indicates increased neurogenesis. Based on these findings, the BMSCs through burr holes seem to play an important role for the therapeutic effect of the MCBH surgery in MMD.

Neutrino mixing in SO(10) GUTs with a non-Abelian flavor symmetry in the hidden sector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smirnov, Alexei Yu.; Xu, Xun-Jie

2018-05-01

The relation between the mixing matrices of leptons and quarks, UPMNS≈VCKM†U0 , where U0 is a matrix of special forms [e.g., bimaximal (BM) and tribimaximal], can be a clue for understanding the lepton mixing and neutrino masses. It may imply the grand unification and the existence of a hidden sector with certain symmetry that generates U0 and leads to the smallness of neutrino masses. We apply the residual symmetry approach to obtain U0. The residual symmetries of both the visible and hidden sectors are Z2×Z2 . Their embedding in a unified flavor group is considered. We find that there are only several possible structures of U0, including the BM mixing and matrices with elements determined by the golden ratio. Realization of the BM scenario based on the SO(10) grand unified theory with the S4 flavor group is presented. Generic features of this scenario are discussed, in particular, the prediction of C P phase 14 4 ° ≲δCP≲21 0 ° in the minimal version.

The many faces of ubiquitinated histone H2A: insights from the DUBs

PubMed Central

Vissers, Joseph HA; Nicassio, Francesco; van Lohuizen, Maarten; Di Fiore, Pier Paolo; Citterio, Elisabetta

2008-01-01

Monoubiquitination of H2A is a major histone modification in mammalian cells. Understanding how monoubiquitinated H2A (uH2A) regulates DNA-based processes in the context of chromatin is a challenging question. Work in the past years linked uH2A to transcriptional repression by the Polycomb group proteins of developmental regulators. Recently, a number of mammalian deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) that catalyze the removal of ubiquitin from H2A have been discovered. These studies provide convincing evidence that H2A deubiquitination is connected with gene activation. In addition, uH2A regulatory enzymes have crucial roles in the cellular response to DNA damage and in cell cycle progression. In this review we will discuss new insights into uH2A biology, with emphasis on the H2A DUBs. PMID:18430235

Quasi-hamiltonian quotients as disjoint unions of symplectic manifolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaffhauser, Florent

2007-08-01

The main result of this paper is Theorem 2.12 which says that the quotient μ-1({1})/U associated to a quasi-hamiltonian space (M, ω, μ: M → U) has a symplectic structure even when 1 is not a regular value of the momentum map μ. Namely, it is a disjoint union of symplectic manifolds of possibly different dimensions, which generalizes the result of Alekseev, Malkin and Meinrenken in [AMM98]. We illustrate this theorem with the example of representation spaces of surface groups. As an intermediary step, we give a new class of examples of quasi-hamiltonian spaces: the isotropy submanifold MK whose points are the points of M with isotropy group K ⊂ U. The notion of quasi-hamiltonian space was introduced by Alekseev, Malkin and Meinrenken in their paper [AMM98]. The main motivation for it was the existence, under some regularity assumptions, of a symplectic structure on the associated quasi-hamiltonian quotient. Throughout their paper, the analogy with usual hamiltonian spaces is often used as a guiding principle, replacing Lie-algebra-valued momentum maps with Lie-group-valued momentum maps. In the hamiltonian setting, when the usual regularity assumptions on the group action or the momentum map are dropped, Lerman and Sjamaar showed in [LS91] that the quotient associated to a hamiltonian space carries a stratified symplectic structure. In particular, this quotient space is a disjoint union of symplectic manifolds. In this paper, we prove an analogous result for quasi-hamiltonian quotients. More precisely, we show that for any quasi-hamiltonian space (M, ω, μ: M → U), the associated quotient M//U := μ-1({1})/U is a disjoint union of symplectic manifolds (Theorem 2.12): [ mu^{-1}(\\{1\\})/U = bigsqcup_{jin J} (mu^{-1}(\\{1\\})\\cap M_{K_j})/L_{K_j} . ] Here Kj denotes a closed subgroup of U and MKj denotes the isotropy submanifold of type Kj: MKj = {x ∈ M | Ux = Kj}. Finally, LKj is the quotient group LKj = { N}(Kj)/K_j, where { N}(Kj) is the normalizer of Kj in U. As an intermediary step in our study, we show that MKj is a quasi-hamiltonian space when endowed with the (free) action of LKj.

The effects of an enrichment training program for youth football attackers

PubMed Central

Santos, Sara; Gonçalves, Bruno; Travassos, Bruno; Wong, Del P.; Schöllhorn, Wolfgang; Sampaio, Jaime

2018-01-01

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a complementary training program based on differential learning approach in the physical, technical, creative and positioning performance of youth football attackers. Fifteen players were allocated into the control (U15C = 9, age: 13.9±0.5 years; U17C = 6, age: 16.1±0.7 years) and the experimental (U15E = 9, age: 14.2±0.8 years; U17E = 6, age: 15.8±0.5 years) groups. The experimental groups participated in 10-weeks of a complementary training program based on differential learning approach to improve physical literacy and players’ tactical behavior. Variables studied encompassed: motor (vertical jump, speed and repeated change-of direction), technical (pass, dribble and shot), creative (fluency, attempts, versatility) and positioning-related variables (stretch index, spatial exploration index and regularity of the lateral and longitudinal movements). Results revealed that U15E improved both the jump and repeated change-of-direction performance, while the U17E have only improved the jump performance. The U15E showed improvements in all technical variables (small to large effects), and in the fluency and versatility (moderate effects), while the U17 have only improved the successful shots (large effects). From a positional perspective, there was a moderate increase in the stretch index, and decreased longitudinal and lateral regularity (small to moderate effects) in the U15E compared to the U15C. In turn, the U17E revealed a moderate increase of the spatial exploration index and a small decrease in the stretch index. Overall, the results suggest that the complementary training program was effective for the development of the overall performance of the U15E attackers, while more time and/or variability may be needed for older age groups. Nevertheless, the overall higher values found in experimental groups, may suggest that this type of complementary training program improves performance. PMID:29897985

Changes in salivary gland function after radiotherapy of head and neck tumors measured by quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy: Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy and conventional radiation therapy with and without Amifostine

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muenter, Marc W.; Hoffner, Simone; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg

2007-03-01

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare changes in salivary gland function after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and conventional radiotherapy (RT), with or without Amifostine, for tumors of the head-and-neck region using quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy (QSGS). Methods and Materials: A total of 75 patients received pre- and post-therapeutic QSGS to quantify the salivary gland function. In all, 251 salivary glands were independently evaluated. Changes in the maximum uptake ({delta}U) and relative excretion rate ({delta}F) both pre- and post-RT were determined to characterize radiation-induced changes in the salivary gland function. In addition, dose-response curves were calculated. Results: In allmore » groups, maximum uptake and relative excretion rate were reduced after RT ({delta}U {<=}0 and {delta}F {<=}0). The reduction was significantly lower for IMRT than for conventional RT. For the parotid glands, the reduction was smaller for the IMRT-low than for the IMRT-high group. For the Amifostine-high and the conventional group the difference was significant only for one parameter ({delta}U, parotid and submandibular glands, p < 0.05). In contrast to this, the difference between the Amifostine-low and the conventional group was always significant or at least showed a clear trend for both changes in U and F. In regard to the endpoint 'reduction of the salivary gland excretion rate of more than 50%,' the dose-response curves yielded D{sub 50}-values of 34.2 {+-} 12.2 Gy for the conventionally treated group and 36.8 {+-} 2.9 Gy for the IMRT group. For the Amifostine group, an increased D{sub 50}-values of 46.3 {+-} 2.3 Gy was obtained. Conclusion: Intensity-modulated RT can significantly reduce the loss of parotid gland function when respecting a certain dose threshold. Conventional RT plus Amifostine prevents reduced salivary gland function only in the patient group treated with <40.6 Gy.« less

[Development and evaluation of a high-fat/high-fructose diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mouse model].

PubMed

Liu, Jing; Liu, Yinlan; Wang, Wenjun; Luo, Yan; Zhuang, Zhenjie; Jiao, Qibin; Chen, Jianyu; Bian, Dongxue; Ma, Xiaojie; Xun, Yunhao; Zhu, Mingli; Shi, Junping

2014-06-01

To develop and evaluate a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a high-fat and high-fructose (HFHFr) diet. Six-week-old C3H mice were randomly divided into groups for HFHFr diet experimental modeling, high fat-only (HF) diet controls, high fructose-only (HFr) diet controls, and standard chow (SC) diet controls. The standard HFHFr diet was modified so that it consisted of 76.5% standard chow, 12% lard, 1% cholesterol, 5% egg yolk powder, 5% whole milk powder, and 0.5% sodium cholate, along with 20% fructose drinking water. At the end of experimental weeks 4, 8, and 16, measurements were taken for the NASH-related parameters of body mass, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipid profile, and wet liver weight (upon sacrifice). In addition, histological changes in the liver were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. The significance of differences between groups was assessed by statistical analysis, using the of t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, x2 test, F test or Fisher's test as appropriate. As compared to the mice in the SC group at the corresponding time points, the mice in the HFHFr and HF groups showed significantly higher body mass and wet liver weight, as well as more extensive and robust lipid disposition in hepatic tissues as evidenced by oil red O staining. However, HE staining indicated that the HFHFr and HF groups had different degrees of macrosteatosis accompanied with intralobular inflammatory foci, with the former showing more remarkable NASH-related histological changes. Analysis at the end of week 16 showed that about 80% of the mice in the HFHFr group had developed NASH [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS): less than 5]. The levels of low-and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) cholesterol, as well as the levels of ALT and AST, were increased from the end of week 4 to the end of week 8 for the HFHFr and HF groups. At the end of week 16, the two groups differed in the extent of increase in total cholesterol and LDL and HDL cholesterol, with only the HFHFr group showing statistically significant changes. Specifically, at the end of week 16, the HFHFr group showed ALT levels of 108.5 +/- 93.34 U/L (F=5.099, P =0.005 vs. HF group: 44.30 +/- 35.71 U/L, HFr group: 46.70 +/- 17.95 U/L, SC group: 24.70 +/- 6.57 U/L), AST levels of 316.30 +/- 208.98 U/L (F=6.654, P=0.001 vs. HF: 132.12 +/- 75.43 U/L, HFr: 143.30 +/- 38.53 U/L, SC: 122.60 +/- 12.76 U/L), total cholesterol levels of 5.18 +/- 0.58 mmol/L (F=72: 470, P =0.000 vs. HF: 3.94 +/- 0.75 mmol/L, HFr: 2.30 +/- 0.50 mmol/L, SC: 2.02 +/- 0.24 mmol/L), HDL cholesterol levels of 3.05 +/- 0.49 mmol/L (F=25.413, P =0.000 vs. HF: 2.65 +/- 0.54 mmol/L HFr: 1.77 +/- 0.47 mmol/L, SC: 1.58 +/- 0.16 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol levels of 1.11 +/- 0.23 mmol/L (F =83.297, P =0.000 vs. HF: 0.72 +/- 0.17 mmol/L, HFr: 0.27 +/- 0.04 mmol/L, SC: 0.20 +/- 0.05 mmol/ L). The present study suggests that a mouse model of NASH can be successfully induced by a 16-week modified HFHFr diet.

Testosterone Concentration and Lower Limb Power Over an Entire Competitive Season in Elite Young Soccer Players.

PubMed

Arruda, Ademir F S; Aoki, Marcelo S; Freitas, Camila G; Spigolon, Leandro M P; Franciscon, Clovis; Moreira, Alexandre

2015-12-01

The aim of this study was to investigate salivary T changes and its relationship with power performance over a 1-year competitive season in elite under 15 (U15) and under 17 (U17) soccer players. Soccer players were recruited from 1 soccer club that has been participated in the main state and national leagues for these age groups. The soccer players were divided into 2 age categories (U15, n = 16 and U17, n = 23). A resting saliva sample was taken to determine T level, and power was assessed using the countermovement jump test with a bar of 30% of body mass on the athletes' shoulders on 3 occasions (T1: beginning of the competitive season, T2: end of the regular season, and T3: end of the playoffs). There was a decrease in T concentration at the end of the competitive season (T3) as compared with the beginning of the season (T1) for both age categories (p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, power performance parameters were increased for both age groups (U15: mean power and relative mean power and U17: peak power, mean power, relative peak power, and relative mean power; p ≤ 0.05). No significant correlation was identified between the relative changes in T concentration and power performance in both groups. The findings of this study suggest that T changes and power changes are not related.

Identifying the ‘Vulnerables’ in Biomedical Research: the vox populis from the Tuskegee Legacy Project

PubMed Central

Wiley, John

2011-01-01

Objectives This report presents, for the first time, findings on the vox populis as to who constitutes the ‘vulnerables in biomedical research’. Methods The 3-City Tuskegee Legacy Project (TLP) study used the TLP Questionnaire as administered via RDD telephone interviews to 1,162 adult Blacks, non-Hispanic Whites, and two Puerto Rican (PR) Hispanic groups: Mainland U.S. and San Juan (SJ) in 3 cities. The classification schema was based upon respondents’ answers to an open-ended question asking which groups of people were the most vulnerable when participating in biomedical research. Results Subjects provided 749 valid open-ended responses which were grouped into 29 direct response categories, leading to a 4 tier classification schema for vulnerability traits. Tier 1, the summary tier, had five vulnerability categories: 1) Race/ethnicity; 2) Age; 3) SES; 4) Health; and, 5) Gender. Blacks and Mainland U.S. PR Hispanics most frequently identified Race/Ethnicity as a vulnerability trait (42.1% of Blacks and 42.6% of Mainland U.S. PR Hispanics vs. 15.4% of Whites and 16.7% of San Juan R Hispanics) (p<.007), while Whites and SJ PR Hispanics most frequently identified Age (48.3% and 29.2%) as a vulnerability trait. Conclusions The response patterns on ‘who was vulnerable’ were similar for the two minority groups (Blacks and Mainland U.S. PR Hispanics), and notably different from the response patterns of the two majority groups (Whites and SJPR Hispanics). Further, the vox populis definition of vulnerables differed from the current official definitions as used by the U.S. federal government. PMID:21972462

Nanotechnology Standardization Activities – Support of U.S. Representation on ISO/TC 229 Nanotechnologies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Benko, Heather

In carrying out its responsibilities on behalf of the United States, ANSI provides comprehensive, administrative support and expertise on international protocols and procedures to: (1) the U.S. Technical Advisory Group (TAG) to the International Organization for Standardization’s (ISO) Technical Committee (TC) 229 Nanotechnologies, and (2) the corresponding U.S. TAG Working Groups tasked with formulating U.S. positions on topics relevant to nanotechnology standardization. Additionally, secretariat and procedural support is provided for the ISO/TC 229 WG 3 on health, safety and environment, for which the United States was assigned leadership by the participating national body members of ISO/TC 229. As the officialmore » entity that serves as the U.S. representative to ISO, ANSI provides not only expert coordination of U.S. positions and representation at ISO but also strategic direction, advice and procedural expertise to facilitate navigation of international issues to promote U.S. positions for incorporation into the ISO/TC 229 program of work necessary to support U.S. objectives.« less

Influence of matrix metalloproteinase synthetic inhibitors on dentin microtensile bond strength of resin cements.

PubMed

Stape, T H S; Menezes, M S; Barreto, B C F; Aguiar, F H B; Martins, L R; Quagliatto, P S

2012-01-01

This study evaluated the effect of dentin pretreatment with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) or 24% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid gel (EDTA) on the dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of resin cements. Composite blocks were luted to superficial noncarious human dentin (n=10) using two resin cements (RelyX ARC [ARC] and RelyX U100 [U100]) and three dentin pretreatments (without pretreatment-control, CHX, and EDTA). CHX was applied for 60 seconds on the acid-etched dentin in the ARC/CHX group, and for the same time on smear layer-covered dentin in the U100/CHX group. EDTA was applied for 45 seconds on smear-covered dentin in the U100/EDTA group, and it replaced phosphoric acid conditioning in the ARC/EDTA group for 60 seconds. After storage in water for 24 hours, specimens were prepared for microtensile bond strength testing. The results were submitted to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test. ARC produced significantly higher μTBS (p<0.05) compared to the U100, except when EDTA was used. For ARC, no pretreatment and CHX produced higher μTBS than EDTA. For U100, EDTA produced higher μTBS; no statistical difference occurred between CHX pretreatment and when no pretreatment was performed. While CHX did not affect immediate dentin bond strength of both cements, EDTA improved bond strength of U100, but it reduced dentin bond strength of ARC.

EJSCREEN Indexes 2015 Public

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

There is an EJ Index for each environmental indicator. There are eight EJ Indexes in EJSCREEN reflecting the 8 environmental indicators. The EJ Index names are: Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Ozone Traffic Proximity and Volume, Lead Paint Indicator, Proximity to Risk Management Plan Sites, Proximity to National Priorities List Sites, Proximity to Treatment Storage and Disposal Facilities, and Proximity to Major Direct Water Dischargers. The EJ index is constructed as follows: EJ Index = (Environmental Indicator) * (Demographic Index for Block Group - Demographic Index for U.S.) * (Block Group Population)The EJ index is constructed as follows: EJ Index = (Environmental Indicator) * (Demographic Index for Block Group - Demographic Index for U.S.) * (Block Group Population)

Delimitation of Umbelopsis (Mucorales, Umbelopsidaceae fam. nov.) based on ITS sequence and RFLP data.

PubMed

Meyer, Wieland; Gams, Walter

2003-03-01

In a continuation of studies started by de Ruiter et al. (1993), all known species of the Mortierella isabellina-group (Micromucor/Umbelopsis clade of O'Donnell et al. 2001) and a few other Mucorales and species of Mortierella were investigated by RFLP (including ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and the 5' end of the large subunit rDNA gene) and ITS1 sequence analyses. This monophyletic group is unrelated to Mortierella and is only distantly related to the core group of the Mucoraceae. M. longicollis falls outside the Umbelopsis clade. Molecular data resolved two subclades within the M. isabellina-group; however, they are not correlated with any differences in sporangial wall and shape, spore pigmentation and shape, or sporangiophore branching. Therefore we subsume all taxa in one genus, Umbelopsis. The new family Umbelopsidaceae and the new combinations U. isabellina, U. ramanniana, and U. autotrophica are proposed.

Efficacy and safety of oral desensitization in children with cow's milk allergy according to their serum specific IgE level.

PubMed

García-Ara, Carmen; Pedrosa, María; Belver, María Teresa; Martín-Muñoz, María Flor; Quirce, Santiago; Boyano-Martínez, Teresa

2013-04-01

Oral desensitization in children allergic to cow's milk proteins is not risk free. The analysis of factors that may influence the outcome is of utmost importance. To analyze the efficacy and safety of the oral desensitization according to specific IgE (sIgE) level and adverse events during the maintenance phase. Thirty-six patients allergic to cow's milk (mean age, 7 years) were included in an oral desensitization protocol. Patients were grouped according to sIgE levels (ImmunoCAP) into groups 1 (sIgE <3.5 kU/L), 2 (3.5-17 kU/L), and 3 (>17-50 kU/L). Nineteen children were included as a control group. Serum sIgE levels to cow's milk and its proteins were determined at inclusion and 6 and 12 months after finishing the desensitization protocol. Thirty-three of 36 patients were successfully desensitized (200 mL): 100% of group 1 and 88% of groups 2 and 3. Desensitization was achieved in a median of 3 months (range, 1-12 months); 90% of the patients in group 1, 50% of the patients in group 2, and 30% of the patients in group 3 achieved tolerance in less than 3 months (P = .04). In the control group only 1 child tolerated milk in oral food challenge after 1 year. During the induction phase, there were 53 adverse events in 27 patients (75%). Patients of groups 2 and 3 had more severe adverse events compared with group 1. During the maintenance phase, 20 of 33 patients (60%) had an adverse event. Oral desensitization is efficacious. Tolerance is achieved earlier when sIgE is lower. Severe adverse events are frequent, especially in patients with higher sIgE levels. Copyright © 2013 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

7 CFR 29.2275 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Group. 29.2275 Section 29.2275 Agriculture Regulations... INSPECTION Standards Official Standard Grades for Virginia Fire-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Type 21) § 29.2275 Group... usually related to stalk position, body, or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in this type are...

7 CFR 29.2275 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Group. 29.2275 Section 29.2275 Agriculture Regulations... INSPECTION Standards Official Standard Grades for Virginia Fire-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Type 21) § 29.2275 Group... usually related to stalk position, body, or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in this type are...

7 CFR 29.2275 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Group. 29.2275 Section 29.2275 Agriculture Regulations... INSPECTION Standards Official Standard Grades for Virginia Fire-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Type 21) § 29.2275 Group... usually related to stalk position, body, or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in this type are...

7 CFR 29.2275 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Group. 29.2275 Section 29.2275 Agriculture Regulations... INSPECTION Standards Official Standard Grades for Virginia Fire-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Type 21) § 29.2275 Group... usually related to stalk position, body, or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in this type are...

7 CFR 29.2275 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Group. 29.2275 Section 29.2275 Agriculture Regulations... INSPECTION Standards Official Standard Grades for Virginia Fire-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Type 21) § 29.2275 Group... usually related to stalk position, body, or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in this type are...

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound with VEGFR2-Targeted Microbubbles for Monitoring Regorafenib Therapy Effects in Experimental Colorectal Adenocarcinomas in Rats with DCE-MRI and Immunohistochemical Validation

PubMed Central

Clevert, Dirk-Andre; Hirner-Eppeneder, Heidrun; Ingrisch, Michael; Moser, Matthias; Schuster, Jessica; Tadros, Dina; Schneider, Moritz; Kazmierczak, Philipp Maximilian; Reiser, Maximilian; Cyran, Clemens C.

2017-01-01

Objectives To investigate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles for monitoring therapy effects of regorafenib on experimental colon carcinomas in rats with correlation to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods Human colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts (HT-29) were implanted subcutaneously in n = 21 (n = 11 therapy group; n = 10 control group) female athymic nude rats (Hsd: RH-Foxn1rnu). Animals were imaged at baseline and after a one-week daily treatment with regorafenib or a placebo (10 mg/kg bodyweight), using CEUS with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles and DCE-MRI. In CEUS tumor perfusion was assessed during an early vascular phase (wash-in area under the curve = WiAUC) and VEGFR2-specific binding during a late molecular phase (signal intensity after 8 (SI8min) and 10 minutes (SI10min)), using a conventional 15L8 linear transducer (transmit frequency 7 MHz, dynamic range 80 dB, depth 25 mm). In DCE-MRI functional parameters plasma flow (PF) and plasma volume (PV) were quantified. For validation purposes, CEUS parameters were correlated with DCE-MRI parameters and immunohistochemical VEGFR2, CD31, Ki-67 and TUNEL stainings. Results CEUS perfusion parameter WiAUC decreased significantly (116,989 ± 77,048 a.u. to 30,076 ± 27,095a.u.; p = 0.005) under therapy with no significant changes (133,932 ± 65,960 a.u. to 84,316 ± 74,144 a.u.; p = 0.093) in the control group. In the therapy group, the amount of bound microbubbles in the late phase was significantly lower in the therapy than in the control group on day 7 (SI8min: 283 ± 191 vs. 802 ± 460 a.u.; p = 0.006); SI10min: 226 ± 149 vs. 645 ± 461 a.u.; p = 0.009). PF and PV decreased significantly (PF: 147 ± 58 mL/100 mL/min to 71 ± 15 mL/100 mL/min; p = 0.003; PV: 13 ± 3% to 9 ± 4%; p = 0.040) in the therapy group. Immunohistochemistry revealed significantly fewer VEGFR2 (7.2 ± 1.8 vs. 17.8 ± 4.6; p < 0.001), CD31 (8.1 ± 3.0 vs. 20.8 ± 5.7; p < 0.001) and Ki-67 (318.7 ± 94.0 vs. 468.0 ± 133.8; p = 0.004) and significantly more TUNEL (672.7 ± 194.0 vs. 357.6 ± 192.0; p = 0.003) positive cells in the therapy group. CEUS parameters showed significant (p < 0.05) correlations to DCE-MRI parameters and immunohistochemistry. Conclusions CEUS with VEGFR2-targeted microbubbles allowed for monitoring regorafenib functional and molecular therapy effects on experimental colorectal adenocarcinomas with a significant decline of CEUS and DCE-MRI perfusion parameters as well as a significant reduction of specifically bound microbubbles under therapy, consistent with a reduced expression of VEGFR2. PMID:28060884

Pleural fluid neopterin levels in tuberculous pleurisy.

PubMed

Cok, Gursel; Parildar, Zuhal; Basol, Gunes; Kabaroglu, Ceyda; Bayindir, Ulku; Habif, Sara; Bayindir, Oya

2007-08-01

Neopterin is produced by stimulated macrophages under the influence of gamma interferon of lymphocyte origin. It is regarded as a biochemical marker of cell-mediated immune response. This study was designed to assess the diagnostic value of pleural fluid neopterin levels in tuberculous pleurisy in comparison with adenosine deaminase activity. Pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and neopterin levels were measured in 16 patients with tuberculous pleurisy (TP) and 19 patients with malignant pleurisy (MP). ADA activity was determined by a colorimetric method, whereas neopterin levels were determined by a reversed-phase liquid chromatography technique. All values were given as median (min-max). The mean age was 45.43+/-20.39 years in the TP group and 60.42+/-11.02 years in the MP group (p=0.026). The median pleural fluid ADA activity was 51.75 U/L (3.50-62.40 U/L) in the TP group and was 2.30 U/L (1-8.20 U/L) in the MP group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The median pleural fluid neopterin levels were 13.15 nmol/L (1.86-59.50 nmol/L) and 2.44 nmol/L (0.92-27.60 nmol/L) in the TP group and the MP group, respectively (p=0.021). In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of pleural fluid neopterin concentrations, receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis was performed. Pleural fluid neopterin concentration is significantly higher in TP when compared to MP, however when compared, its clinical use as a diagnostic marker is not valuable as ADA.

Desulfurization of 2-thiouracil nucleosides: conformational studies of 4-pyrimidinone nucleosides.

PubMed

Kraszewska, Karina; Kaczyńska, Iwona; Jankowski, Stefan; Karolak-Wojciechowska, Janina; Sochacka, Elzbieta

2011-04-01

4-Pyrimidinone ribofuranoside (H(2)o(4)U) and 4-pyrimidinone 2'-deoxyribofuranoside (dH(2)o(4)U) were synthesized by the oxidative desulfurization of parent 2-thiouracil nucleosides with m-chloroperbenzoic acid. The crystal structures of H(2)o(4)U and dH(2)o(4)U and their conformations in solution were determined and compared with corresponding 2-thiouracil and uracil nucleosides. The absence of a large 2-thiocarbonyl/2-carbonyl group in the nucleobase moiety results in C2'-endo puckering of the ribofuranose ring (S conformer) in the crystal structure of H(2)o(4)U, which is not typical of RNA nucleosides. Interestingly, the hydrogen bonding network in the crystals of dH(2)o(4)U stabilizes the sugar moiety conformation in the C3'-endo form (N conformer), rarely found in DNA nucleosides. In aqueous solution, dH(2)o(4)U reveals a similar population of the C2'-endo conformation (65%) to that of 2'-deoxy-2-thiouridine (62%), while the 62% population of the S conformer for H(2)o(4)U is significantly different from that of the parent 2-thiouridine, for which the N conformer is dominant (71%). Such a difference may be of biological importance, as the desulfurization process of natural tRNA 2-thiouridines may occur under conditions of oxidative stress in the cell and may influence the decoding process. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Unpredictable Feeding Impairs Glucose Tolerance in Growing Lambs

PubMed Central

Jaquiery, Anne L.; Oliver, Mark H.; Landon-Lane, Nina; Matthews, Samuel J.; Harding, Jane E.; Bloomfield, Frank H.

2013-01-01

Irregular eating is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic disease in adults but may affect young, growing children differently. We investigated the metabolic effects of unpredictable feeding in female juvenile lambs randomly assigned to receive, for six weeks, maintenance feed given twice daily in equal portions (Control Group, C; n = 24) or the same weekly feed amount in aliquots of variable size at unpredictable times (Unpredictable Group, U; n = 21). Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT), insulin tolerance tests (ITT), and measurement of diurnal plasma cortisol concentrations were performed pre and post the dietary intervention. Groups were compared using t test and RM ANOVA. Weight gain was similar in both groups (C 18±2%; U 16±2% of initial body weight). Glucose area under the curve (AUC) was unchanged in C (AUC pre 818±34, post 801±33 mmol.min.l−1), but increased by 20% in U (pre 830±25, post 1010±19 mmol.min.l−1; p<0.0001), with an inadequate insulin response to glucose load (log(AUC insulin first 40 minutes) post intervention C 1.49±0.04 vs U 1.36±0.04 ng.min.ml−1; p = 0.03). Insulin tolerance and diurnal variation of plasma cortisol concentrations were not different between groups. Unpredictable feeding impairs insulin response to glucose in growing lambs despite high quality food and normal weight gain. Irregular eating warrants investigation as a potentially remediable risk factor for disordered glucose metabolism. PMID:23613779

The influence of gene-environment interactions on GHR and IGF-1 expression and their association with growth in brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill)

PubMed Central

Côté, Guillaume; Perry, Guy; Blier, Pierre; Bernatchez, Louis

2007-01-01

Background Quantitative reaction norm theory proposes that genotype-by-environment interaction (GxE) results from inter-individual differences of expression in adaptive suites of genes in distinct environments. However, environmental norms for actual gene suites are poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the effects of GxE interactions on levels of gene transcription and growth by documenting the impact of rearing environment (freshwater vs. saltwater), sex and genotypic (low vs. high estimated breeding value EBV) effects on the transcription level of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). Results Males grew faster than females (μ♀ = 1.20 ± 0.07 g·d-1, μ♂ = 1.46 ± 0.06 g·d-1) and high-EBV fish faster than low-EBV fish (μLOW = 0.97 ± 0.05 g·d-1, μHIGH = 1.58 ± 0.07 g·d-1; p < 0.05). However, growth was markedly lower in saltwater-reared fish than freshwater sibs (μFW = 1.52 ± 0.07 g·d-1, μSW = 1.15 ± 0.06 g·d-1), yet GHR mRNA transcription level was significantly higher in saltwater than in freshwater (μSW = 0.85 ± 0.05, μFW = 0.61 ± 0.05). The ratio of actual growth to units in assayed mRNA ('individual transcript efficiency', iTE; g·d-1·u-1) also differed among EBV groups (μLOW = 2.0 ± 0.24 g·d-1·u-1; μHIGH = 3.7 ± 0.24 g·d-1·u-1) and environments (μSW = 2.0 ± 0.25 g·d-1·u-1; μFW = 3.7 ± 0.25 g·d-1·u-1) for GHR. Males had a lower iTE for GHR than females (μ♂ = 2.4 ± 0.29 g·d-1·u-1; μ♀ = 3.1 ± 0.23 g·d-1·u-1). There was no difference in IGF-1 transcription level between environments (p > 0.7) or EBV groups (p > 0.15) but the level of IGF-1 was four times higher in males than females (μ♂ = 2.4 ± 0.11, μ♀ = 0.58 ± 0.09; p < 0.0001). We detected significant sexual differences in iTE (μ♂ = 1.3 ± 0.59 g·d-1·u-1; μ♀ = 3.9 ± 0.47 g·d-1·u-1), salinities (μSW = 2.3 ± 0.52 g·d-1·u-1; μFW = 3.7 ± 0.53 g·d-1·u-1) and EBV-groups (μLOW = 2.4 ± 0.49 g·d-1·u-1; μHIGH = 3.8 ± 0.49 g·d-1·u-1). Interaction between EBV-group and environment was detected for both GHR (p = 0.027) and IGF-1 (p = 0.019), and for iTE in the two genes (p < 0.0001; p < 0.05, respectively), where increased divergence in levels of GHR and IGF-1 transcription occurred among EBV-groups in the saltwater environment. Conclusion Our results show that both environment and sex have major impacts on the expression of mRNA for two key genes involved in the physiological pathway for growth. We also demonstrate for the first time, at least in fish, genotype-by-environment interaction at the level of individual gene transcription. This work contributes significantly to ongoing efforts towards documenting environmentally and sexually induced variance of gene activity and understanding the resulting phenotypes. PMID:18154679

Integral group actions on symmetric spaces and discrete duality symmetries of supergravity theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carbone, Lisa; Murray, Scott H.; Sati, Hisham

For G = G(ℝ), a split, simply connected, semisimple Lie group of rank n and K the maximal compact subgroup of G, we give a method for computing Iwasawa coordinates of K∖G using the Chevalley generators and the Steinberg presentation. When K∖G is a scalar coset for a supergravity theory in dimensions ≥3, we determine the action of the integral form G(ℤ) on K∖G. We give explicit results for the action of the discrete U-duality groups SL{sub 2}(ℤ) and E{sub 7}(ℤ) on the scalar cosets SO(2)∖SL{sub 2}(ℝ) and [SU(8)/( ± Id)]∖E{sub 7(+7)}(ℝ) for type IIB supergravity in ten dimensions andmore » 11-dimensional supergravity reduced to D = 4 dimensions, respectively. For the former, we use this to determine the discrete U-duality transformations on the scalar sector in the Borel gauge and we describe the discrete symmetries of the dyonic charge lattice. We determine the spectrum-generating symmetry group for fundamental BPS solitons of type IIB supergravity in D = 10 dimensions at the classical level and we propose an analog of this symmetry at the quantum level. We indicate how our methods can be used to study the orbits of discrete U-duality groups in general.« less

Oral health status of two 12-year-old socially disadvantaged groups in South India: a comparative study.

PubMed

Singh, Abhinav; Sequiera, Peter; Acharya, Shashidhar; Bhat, Maghashyam

2011-01-01

The aim of the present study was to compare and assess the oral health status of 12-year-old children from two socially disadvantaged groups in the Udupi district of South India. A total of 327 children were examined in Ashrama schools, and 340 children were randomly selected for comparison from other government schools. Modified WHO proforma was used for clinical examination. Oral hygiene practices, dental fluorosis, periodontal status, dentition status and dentofacial anomalies were assessed and compared. Chi square test was used for comparison between categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for comparison between two groups for quantitative variables. P u 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Dental fluorosis was detected in 22.9% children from Ashrama schools, whereas in the comparison group 14.4% children had dental fluorosis (P u 0.001). Mean Decayed teeth and DMFT value in Ashrama school children were 1.15 ± 1.62, and 1.15 ± 1.62, respectively. In the comparison group, the corresponding values were 0.46 ± 0.98 and 0.48 ± 1.04, respectively (P u 0.001). The mean number of sextants in the Ashrama school children with Community Periodontal Index score 2 was 2.00 ± 1.53, whereas in the comparison group it was 1.31 ± 1.53 (P u 0.001). No significant differences were noted between two groups with respect to Dental Aesthetic Index scores. The present study revealed higher levels of dental caries experience, untreated dental disease and social disadvantage of the children attending Ashrama schools, providing evidence for the need to address the health inequalities of these children.

Is parturition-timing machinery related to the number of inhibitor CD94/NKG2A positive uterine natural killer cells?

PubMed

Mazi, E; Altunkaynak, Z; Aydin, I; Kocak, I; Guven, D; Turkmen, A P; Yildiran, A

2016-08-01

Prematurity is the most common cause of infant mortality and morbidity. To prevent this, the timing of parturition and its mechanisms should be understood. It is likely that inhibitor CD94/NKG2A positive decidual natural killer cells (uNK) provide for the continuation of pregnancy. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether CD94/NKG2A positive uNK cells are highest in elective cesarian section (C/S) (suggesting ongoing gestation), moderate in normal full-term birth, and lowest in pre-eclamptic parturition. Of 48 pregnant women, 21 C/S, 16 normal, and 11 pre-eclamptic deliveries were included in this study. Five placentas in each group were assigned randomly. After staining, the volumetric analysis of the placental villi and villous blood vessels was performed via the Cavalieri principle. The CD94/NKG2A positive uNK cells were counted using the physical disector method. The gestation periods and birth weights of the pre-eclamptic deliveries were lower than those of the other two groups. Additionally, the villi and villous vascular volumes were lowest in the pre-eclamptic placentas. As proposed in our hypothesis, the inhibitor CD94/NKG2A positive uNK cells were the highest in the C/S, moderate in the normal, and lowest in the pre-eclamptic placentas. These data suggest that CD94/NKG2A positive uNK cells are related with the continuation of pregnancy, and that our human model could be used to search for parturition-timing machinery. We believe that CD94/NKG2A positive uNK cells are also related to the timing of birth.

Injuries in Portuguese Youth Soccer Players During Training and Match Play

PubMed Central

Brito, João; Malina, Robert M.; Seabra, André; Massada, José L.; Soares, José M.; Krustrup, Peter; Rebelo, António

2012-01-01

Context: Epidemiologic information on the incidence of youth soccer injuries in southern Europe is limited. Objective: To compare the incidence, type, location, and severity of injuries sustained by male subelite youth soccer players over the 2008–2009 season. Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Twenty-eight Portuguese male youth soccer teams. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 674 youth male subelite soccer players in 4 age groups: 179 U-13 (age range, 11–12 years), 169 U-15 (age range, 13–14 years), 165 U-17 (age range, 15–16 years), and 161 U-19 (age range, 17–18 years). Main Outcome Measure(s): Injuries that led to participation time missed from training and match play prospectively reported by medical or coaching staff of the clubs. Results: In total, 199 injuries reported in 191 players accounted for 14.6 ± 13.0 days of absence from practice. The incidence was 1.2 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure to soccer (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.8, 1.6), with a 4.2-fold higher incidence during match play (4.7 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure; 95% CI = 3.0, 6.5) than during training (0.9 injuries per 1000 hours of exposure; 95% CI = 0.6, 1.3) (F1,673 = 17.592, P < .001). The overall incidence of injury did not increase with age (F1,673 = 1.299, P = .30), and the incidence of injury during matches (F1,673 = 2.037, P = .14) and training (F1,673 = 0.927, P = .44) did not differ among age groups. Collisions accounted for 57% (n = 113) of all injuries, but participation time missed due to traumatic injury did not differ among age groups (F3,110 = 1.044, P = .38). Most injuries (86%, n = 172) involved the lower extremity. The thigh was the most affected region (30%, n = 60) in all age groups. Muscle strains were the most common injuries among the U-19 (34%, n = 26), U-17 (30%, n = 17), and U-15 (34%, n = 14) age groups, whereas contusions and tendon injuries were the most common injuries in U-13 players (both 32%, n = 8). The relative risk of injury slightly increased with the age of the competitors. Conclusions: The higher incidence of injury during matches than training highlights the need for education and prevention programs in youth soccer. These programs should focus on coach education aimed at improving skills, techniques, and fair play during competitions with the goal of reducing injuries. PMID:22488285

Postmortem serum levels of tryptase and total and specific IgE in fatal asthma.

PubMed

Salkie, M L; Mitchell, I; Revers, C W; Karkhanis, A; Butt, J; Tough, S; Green, F H

1998-01-01

Sera were obtained postmortem from 55 subjects classified into three groups; death due to asthma (FA, n = 21), asthmatic but death not due to asthma (NFA, n = 24) and a nonasthmatic control group (NAC, n = 10). A full autopsy was performed on all cases and a medical history, including details of allergies, was obtained by questionnaire from the next of kin. Grading of asthma severity by either questionnaire or autopsy was comparable (tP = 0.435, p > 0.05) and the mean pathology-grade was significantly higher for the FA group (3.375) compared to the NFA group (2.375), p < 0.05. Tryptase was elevated (> 2.0 micrograms/L) in 21/55 sera (38%) and there was no significant difference between the groups. ROC plots showed that tryptase levels did not discriminate between the FA and NFA groups, even if specimens were collected within 24 hours after death. Total IgE was significantly elevated in the FA group (geometric mean 140.3 kU/L) compared to the other two groups (NFA 30.2 kU/L, NAC 9.4 kU/L), p = 0.05. Fatal asthmatics also had a greater positivity (67%) to a screen for common inhalant allergens than did the other groups (NFA 30%, NAC 20%). Sera with a positive screen were tested against a panel of 10 common aero-allergens. Each sample was then assigned a number (N) and a score (S), dependent on either the number of allergens positive (N) or the total sum of pluses for all allergens (S). Both the N and S values were higher for the FA group (N = 98, S = 264) than the NFA group (N = 52, S = 151) and NAC group (N = 4, S = 8). The ratio (S/N) which gives an index (I) was 2.69, 2.90, and 2.00, respectively. Tryptase was poorly correlated to the total IgE level (r = 0.036); however, mean values for N and S were significantly different (N 6.81, S 4.50, and N 19.25, S 11.5, p < 0.05) for sera with tryptase levels < 2.0 or > or = 2.0 micrograms/L, respectively. We conclude that total and specific IgE may be useful predictors of asthma severity but that postmortem tryptase is not useful in the diagnosis of a fatal asthmatic attack.

Technical Guidance for Conducting ASVAB Validation/Standards Studies in the U.S. Navy

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-01

the criterion), we can compute the variance of X in the unrestricted group, 2xS , and in the restricted (selected) group, 2 xs . 3 In contrast, we...well as the selected group, 2 xs . We also know the variance of Y in the selected group, 2ys , and the correlation of X and Y in the selected...and AS. Five levels of selection ratio (1.0, .8, .6, .4, and .2) and eight sample sizes (50, 75, 100, 150, 225, 350 , 500, and 800) were considered

Fourth Airborne Geoscience Workshop: Summary Minutes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

The general theme for the workshop revolved around global environmental change. Over 170 individuals participated in the presentations and ensuing discussions about the many agency activities using airborne platforms and sensors in support of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (GCRP). The U.S. GCRP was developed as a central component of the U.S. Government's approach to global change and its contribution to worldwide efforts. An all-encompassing U.S. plan was developed by the Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences (CEES), which continues as the interagency coordinating group for the program. The U.S. GCRP was established as a Presidential initiative in the FY90 budget, making it a particularly relevant topic for the workshop. The following are presented in the appendices: (1) final agenda and list of registrants; (2) final list of poster presenters; (3) steering group luncheon participants; (4) the draft resolution; and (5) selected handouts.

Value of soluble CD30 in liver transplantation.

PubMed

Fábrega, E; Unzueta, M G; Cobo, M; Casafont, F; Amado, J A; Romero, F P

2007-09-01

CD30 is a membrane glycoprotein that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. It is expressed on activated T cells. After activation of CD30(+) T cells, a soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) released into the bloodstream, can be measured in the serum. The aim of our study was to investigate the time course of serum levels of sCD30 during hepatic allograft rejection. Serum levels of sCD30 were determined in 30 healthy subjects and 50 hepatic transplant recipients. These patients were divided into two groups: group I, 35 patients without rejection; and group II, 15 patients with acute rejection. Samples were collected on day 1 and 7 after transplantation and on the day of liver biopsy. The concentrations of sCD30 were similar in the rejection (40.4 +/- 16.5 U/mL) and nonrejection groups (43.0 +/- 18.2 U/mL) on postoperative day 1. We observed a significant increase in sCD30 levels in the rejection group on postoperative day 7 (76.3 +/- 61.8 U/mL vs 46.8 +/- 20.5 U/mL; P = .01). The difference increased when a diagnosis of acute rejection had been established: namely 133.0 +/- 113.5 U/mL versus 40.1 +/- 22.0 U/mL; (P = .001). These levels were also significantly higher during the entire postoperative period in all the patients, with or without rejection, than those observed in healthy controls (26.6 +/- 5.3 U/mL; P = .005). The release of circulating sCD30 is a prominent feature coinciding with the first episode of hepatic allograft rejection. So, monitoring of sCD30 levels may be useful for the early diagnosis of an acute rejection episode.

A general non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group algorithm with application to the C{sub 2} dimer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sharma, Sandeep, E-mail: sanshar@gmail.com

2015-01-14

We extend our previous work [S. Sharma and G. K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 124121 (2012)], which described a spin-adapted (SU(2) symmetry) density matrix renormalization group algorithm, to additionally utilize general non-Abelian point group symmetries. A key strength of the present formulation is that the requisite tensor operators are not hard-coded for each symmetry group, but are instead generated on the fly using the appropriate Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. This allows our single implementation to easily enable (or disable) any non-Abelian point group symmetry (including SU(2) spin symmetry). We use our implementation to compute the ground state potential energy curve ofmore » the C{sub 2} dimer in the cc-pVQZ basis set (with a frozen-core), corresponding to a Hilbert space dimension of 10{sup 12} many-body states. While our calculated energy lies within the 0.3 mE{sub h} error bound of previous initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo and correlation energy extrapolation by intrinsic scaling calculations, our estimated residual error is only 0.01 mE{sub h}, much more accurate than these previous estimates. Due to the additional efficiency afforded by the algorithm, the excitation energies (T{sub e}) of eight lowest lying excited states: a{sup 3}Π{sub u}, b{sup 3}Σ{sub g}{sup −}, A{sup 1}Π{sub u}, c{sup 3}Σ{sub u}{sup +}, B{sup 1}Δ{sub g}, B{sup ′1}Σ{sub g}{sup +}, d{sup 3}Π{sub g}, and C{sup 1}Π{sub g} are calculated, which agree with experimentally derived values to better than 0.06 eV. In addition, we also compute the potential energy curves of twelve states: the three lowest levels for each of the irreducible representations {sup 1}Σ{sub g}{sup +}, {sup 1}Σ{sub u}{sup +}, {sup 1}Σ{sub g}{sup −}, and {sup 1}Σ{sub u}{sup −}, to an estimated accuracy of 0.1 mE{sub h} of the exact result in this basis.« less

The velocity ellipsoid in the Galactic disc using Gaia DR1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anguiano, Borja; Majewski, Steven R.; Freeman, Kenneth C.; Mitschang, Arik W.; Smith, Martin C.

2018-02-01

The stellar velocity ellipsoid of the solar neighbour (d < 200 pc) is re-examined using intermediate-old mono-abundance stellar groups with high-quality chemistry data together with parallaxes and proper motions from Gaia DR1. We find the average velocity dispersion values for the three space velocity components for the thin and thick discs of (σU, σV, σW)thin = (33 ± 4, 28 ± 2, 23 ± 2) and (σU, σV, σW)thick = (57 ± 6, 38 ± 5, 37 ± 4) km s-1, respectively. The mean values of the ratio between the semi-axes of the velocity ellipsoid for the thin disc are found to be σV/σU = 0.70 ± 0.13 and σW/σU is 0.64 ± 0.08, while for the thick disc σV/σU = 0.67 ± 0.11 and σW/σU is 0.66 ± 0.11. Inputting these dispersions into the linear Strömberg relation for the thin disc groups, we find the Sun's velocity with respect to the Local Standard of Rest in Galactic rotation to be V⊙ = 13.9 ± 3.4 km s-1. A relation is found between the vertex deviation and the chemical abundances for the thin disc, ranging from -5 to +40° as iron abundance increases. For the thick disc we find a vertex deviation of luv ˜- 15°. The tilt angle (luw) in the U-W plane for the thin disc groups ranges from -10 to +15°, but there is no evident relation between luw and the mean abundances. However, we find a weak relation for luw as a function of iron abundances and α-elements for most of the groups in the thick disc, where the tilt angle decreases from -5 to -20° when [Fe/H] decreases and [α/Fe] increases. The velocity anisotropy parameter is independent of the chemical group abundances and its value is nearly constant for both discs (β ˜ 0.5), suggesting that the combined disc is dynamically relaxed.

Attrition in longitudinal randomized controlled trials: home visits make a difference.

PubMed

Peterson, Janey C; Pirraglia, Paul A; Wells, Martin T; Charlson, Mary E

2012-11-23

Participant attrition in longitudinal studies can introduce systematic bias, favoring participants who return for follow-up, and increase the likelihood that those with complications will be underestimated. Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of home follow-up (Home F/U) to complete the final study evaluation on potentially "lost" participants by: 1) evaluating the impact of including and excluding potentially "lost" participants (e.g., those who required Home F/U to complete the final evaluation) on the rates of study complications; 2) examining the relationship between timing and number of complications on the requirement for subsequent Home F/U; and 3) determining predictors of those who required Home F/U. We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted from 1991-1994 among coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients that investigated the effect of High mean arterial pressure (MAP) (intervention) vs. Low MAP (control) during cardiopulmonary bypass on 5 complications: cardiac morbidity/mortality, neurologic morbidity/mortality, all-cause mortality, neurocognitive dysfunction and functional decline. We enhanced completion of the final 6-month evaluation using Home F/U. Among 248 participants, 61 (25%) required Home F/U and the remaining 187 (75%) received Routine F/U. By employing Home F/U, we detected 11 additional complications at 6 months: 1 major neurologic complication, 6 cases of neurocognitive dysfunction and 4 cases of functional decline. Follow-up of 61 additional Home F/U participants enabled us to reach statistical significance on our main trial outcome. Specifically, the High MAP group had a significantly lower rate of the Combined Trial Outcome compared to the Low MAP group, 16.1% vs. 27.4% (p=0.032). In multivariate analysis, participants who were ≥ 75 years (OR=3.23, 95% CI 1.52-6.88, p=0.002) or on baseline diuretic therapy (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.14-5.21, p=0.02) were more likely to require Home F/U. In addition, those in the Home F/U group were more likely to have sustained 2 or more complications (p=0.05). Home visits are an effective approach to reduce attrition and improve accuracy of study outcome reporting. Trial results may be influenced by this method of reducing attrition. Older participants, those with greater medical burden and those who sustain multiple complications are at higher risk for attrition.

Effect of fronto-orbital advancement on astigmatism in patients with anterior plagiocephaly.

PubMed

Song, Hyun Beom; Yang, Hee Kyung; Baek, Rong-Min; Hwang, Jeong-Min; Kim, Namju; Wang, Kyu-Chang; Kim, Sukwha

2016-10-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of unilateral fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) or bilateral FOA on ocular aspects of plagiocephaly. A retrospective review of ocular findings in 16 patients with plagiocephaly was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 12 patients who underwent bilateral FOA (bFOA) and 4 patients who underwent unilateral FOA (uFOA), and ocular findings were compared. One-half of patients showed strabismus in both groups, and all had exotropia. Hypertropia was found only on the same side of the plagiocephaly in 17% of the bFOA group and 25% of the uFOA group. One-third of the patients in the bFOA group and one-half of patients in the uFOA group had oblique muscle dysfunction. In terms of astigmatism, the degree of with-the-rule astigmatism on the contralateral side was larger in the bFOA group compared to the uFOA group (p = 0.030). The degree of with-the-rule astigmatism was larger on the contralateral side than the ipsilateral side (p = 0.005) in the bFOA group. Patients with abnormalities in ductions/versions had larger astigmatism on the contralateral side than those without abnormalities in ductions/versions. In conclusion, bilateral FOA could induce unwanted outcomes of larger astigmatism on the contralateral side. Astigmatism should be carefully evaluated after bilateral FOA. Copyright © 2016 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Transmission of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 to and from vaccinated pigs in a one-to-one model.

PubMed

Pileri, E; Gibert, E; Martín-Valls, G E; Nofrarias, M; López-Soria, S; Martín, M; Díaz, I; Darwich, L; Mateu, E

2017-03-01

The present study examined transmission by contact of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) 1 in a one-to-one model to vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs and from vaccinated infected pigs to other vaccinated pigs. The experiment started by randomly assigning weaned pigs to groups V (n=24) and U (n=26). V pigs were vaccinated with a commercial live attenuated PRRSV vaccine and the U animals were kept as unvaccinated controls. Twenty-eight days later, 6U pigs were separated and allocated in individual boxes. The remaining 20U pigs were intranasally inoculated with PRRSV isolate 3267 (from now on designated as seeder (S) pigs) and 48h later were distributed in boxes where they were commingled with either V or U pigs in 1:1 groups (first contact phase), resulting in 6S:U and 14S:V pairs. As soon as a V pig was detected to be viremic because of contact with a S, the infected V (from now on designated as V inf ) was transferred (<24h after detection) to a new pen where it was comingled with a new V pig (designated as V 2 ) in a second contact phase. For the first contact phase, pigs were maintained 21days at maximum and for the second contact phase the maximum exposure period was 14days. Two V pigs tested positive for the vaccine virus (>99.5% similarity) when they were relocated with the corresponding V 2 pigs and they were removed; thus, only 12V inf were finally considered. All V pigs (12/12) exposed to S animals became infected although the first detection of viremia occurred at 13.6±3.6days, one week later than in U (p<0.05). Also, duration of viremia was shorter for V inf compared to U, (5.5±4.3days versus 12.5±2.7days). The V inf group showed remarkable individual variability: eight animals had a viremic period of 5 or less days (3.0±1.4) while the remaining four had a longer viremic period of more than one week (10.8±2.9). This situation was not observed in U. In the second contact phase, transmission from V inf to V 2 pigs occurred in 7/8 cases (87.5%). The mean duration of viremia for V 2 was 4.8±3.4 and two different patterns were again observed: two animals had viremias of 9-10days and the rest averaged 3.0±1.4days (range: 2-5days). Vaccinated groups V inf and V 2 had a significantly lower PRRSV shedding in oral fluids for at least the first 9days after the onset of the viremia compared to U, and shedding for V2 was even significantly lower (p<0.05) than shedding for V inf . Our experimental design reproduced the worst-case scenario for evaluating the effect of vaccination and, under such conditions; it was still efficacious in slowering PRRSV transmission and decreasing the global viral load and particularly oral shedding. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Fasting time duration modulates the onset of insulin-induced hypoglycemic seizures in mice.

PubMed

Pitchaimani, Vigneshwaran; Arumugam, Somasundaram; Thandavarayan, Rajarajan Amirthalingam; Karuppagounder, Vengadeshprabhu; Afrin, Mst Rejina; Sreedhar, Remya; Harima, Meilei; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Miyashita, Shizuka; Nakamura, Takashi; Suzuki, Kenji; Nakamura, Masahiko; Ueno, Kazuyuki; Watanabe, Kenichi

2016-09-01

Fasting (48h) in mice causes resistance to insulin-induced hypoglycemic seizures (IIHS) but in rats fasting (14-16h) predisposes IIHS. So we suspect the duration of fasting may possibly affect the onset of seizures and in this study, we investigated the IIHS by administering 8 Units (U) insulin (INS)/k.g., intraperitoneally to 8 weeks old male C57BL6/J mice. The mice were divided into group 1 (non-fasted), group 2 (6h fasted) and group 3 (24h fasted) and we administered the 8U INS. The first behavioral hypoglycemic seizure symptoms such as jump, clonus or barrel rotations considered as seizure onset and we analyzed the blood glucose level (BGL) and serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) level. The time of first seizure onset in group 1 was 109.7±4.3min, group 2 was 46.50±3.9min and group 3 was 165.4±13.26min. The seizure onset time in group 2 was significantly decreased compared to group 1. The seizure onset time in group 3 was significantly increased compared to group 1 and group 2. The decreased BGL after INS administration was correlated with the seizure onset time in group 1 and group 2 but not in group 3. The BHB level in group 3 was significantly higher compared to group 1 and 2. Our data show that the fasting time duration significantly modulates the onset of hypoglycemic seizures. The opposite effect of 6h or 24h fasting time duration is likely caused by different BHB levels. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ibudilast may improve attention during early abstinence from methamphetamine.

PubMed

Birath, J Brandon; Briones, Marisa; Amaya, Stephanie; Shoptaw, Steven; Swanson, Aimee-Noelle; Tsuang, John; Furst, Benjamin; Heinzerling, Keith; Obermeit, Lisa; Maes, Lauryn; McKay, Charles; Wright, Matthew J

2017-09-01

Inattention is a deficit related to instilling abstinence from methamphetamine (MA) dependence. This study aimed to determine whether ibudilast (IB; 50mg bid) improves attentional abilities compared to placebo during early abstinence from MA dependence. Attention was assessed in 11 MA-dependent non-treatment seeking participants in a phase IB safety-interaction trial. The Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II), a measure of sustained attention and response inhibition, was administered at baseline and on day 22, 48h post a MA challenge under placebo (P; n=6) or IB 50mg bid (n=5). Group differences were compared using Mann-Whitney U Tests. Groups were similar at baseline in premorbid intellectual functioning, attention deficit hyperactivity symptom scores, impulsivity ratings, and education level, but differed in age. Demographically corrected T-scores for CPT-II performances were utilized. Although no group differences in sustained attention existed at baseline, at follow-up, the IB group (Mdn=44.4) showed reduced variability in response times compared with the P group (Mdn=69.9), U=0.00, z=-2.74, p=.006, r=.83. The IB group (Mdn=45.8) also gave fewer perseverative responses than the P group (Mdn=67.0), U=2.00, z=-2.50, p=.01, r=.75. No other significant differences were observed. Findings suggest that IB may have a protective effect on sustained attention during early abstinence from MA dependence. This may guide thinking about mechanism of action should IB demonstrate efficacy as a treatment for MA dependence. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Air pollution and urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase levels in residents living near a cement plant.

PubMed

Jung, Min Soo; Kim, Jae Yoon; Lee, Hyun Seung; Lee, Chul Gab; Song, Han Soo

2016-01-01

To identify adverse renal effects due to air pollution derived from a cement plant in Korea. Urinary n-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase (U-NAG) levels in residents living near a cement plant were compared to those in a group who lived farther away from the plant. From June to August 2013 and from August to November 2014, laboratory tests for U-NAG and heavy metal were conducted on 547 study participants. Based on the level of air pollution exposure, subjects were divided into the "less exposed group," (LEG) which consisted of 66 persons who lived more than 5 km away from the cement plant, the "more exposed group from the rural area" (MEG-R), which consisted of 272 persons, and the "more exposed group from downtown area" (MEG-D), which consisted of 209 persons who lived within a 1 km radius of the cement plant. U-NAG levels >5.67 U/L were defined as "higher U-NAG" levels. We compared the prevalence of higher U-NAG levels and estimated the adjusted odds ratio (OR) by air pollution exposure using a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Further, we estimated the interaction between air pollution exposure and heavy metal exposure in renal toxicity. The OR of higher U-NAG levels by MEG-D and MEG-R compared to LEG was 2.13 (95 % CI 0.86-4.96) and 4.79 (95 CI 1.65-10.01), respectively. Urinary cadmium (U-Cd), urinary mercury (U-Hg), age, occupation, hypertension, and diabetes had a significant association with higher U-NAG levels. However, blood lead (B-Pb), sex, and smoking were not associated with higher U-NAG. Especially, concurrent exposure to heavy metals (U-Hg or/and U-Cd) and air pollution had an additive adverse effect. In the group with both 4 th quartile heavy metal exposure (U-Cd or/and U-Hg) and air pollution exposure, the OR in MEG-R and MEG-D was 6.49 (95 % 1.42-29.65) and 8.12 (95 % CI 1.74-37.92), respectively, after adjustment for age, occupation, hypertension, diabetes. U-NAG levels seem to be affected by air pollution exposure as well as age, hypertension, diabetes, and even low levels of cadmium and low levels of mercury. Moreover, concurrent exposure to heavy metals and air pollution can have additive cytotoxic renal effects.

Duration of sustained phonation in kindergarten children.

PubMed

Harden, J R; Looney, N A

1984-03-01

Maximum sustained phonations of the vowels [a], [u] and [i] were obtained from 160 kindergarten children with a mean age of approximately 6.2 years. Subjects were grouped by sex and by the presence or absence of a voice disorder. Stop watch measurements of each subject's maximum phonations were compared with graphic level recorder measurements of those phonations . The results indicated that (1) the factor of sex had no significant effect on maximum phonation times; (2) the factor of voice group (non-voice-disordered/voice-disordered) did result in a significant effect (P less than 0.01) with the voice-disordered group achieving shorter phonations than the non-voice-disordered group; (3) the phonation times obtained from the two measurement procedures correlate significantly (P less than 0.05). Results also suggest that the vowel effect on maximum phonation time was significant (P less than 0.05) for both groups. The vowel [i] was phonated significantly longer than either [a] or [u] for males and females in both groups.

Changes in Oxidative Stress Markers and Biological Markers of Muscle Injury with Aging at Rest and in Response to an Exhaustive Exercise

PubMed Central

Bouzid, Mohamed Amine; Hammouda, Omar; Matran, Regis; Robin, Sophie; Fabre, Claudine

2014-01-01

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate whether oxidative stress markers and biomarkers of muscle injury would be affected by aging at rest and in response to an incremental exhaustive exercise. Methods Fifteen young (20.3±2.8 years) and fifteen older adults (65.1±3.5 years) performed an incremental cycle ergometer test to exhaustion. Before and after exercise, oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid, α-Tocopherol, malondialdehyde (MDA)] and muscle injury [creatine kinase (CK), lactate deshydrogenase (LDH)] biomarkers were assessed. Results At rest, there was no difference in oxidative stress markers and LDH level between the groups, however CK was significantly higher in the young group than the elderly group (p<0.05). During recovery, in comparison with resting values, a significant increase in SOD (1092±145.9 vs. 1243±98 U/g Hb), GPX (67.4±12.7 vs. 79.2±15.6 U/g Hb) and GR (6.5±0.9 vs. 7.7±0.5 U/g Hb) activities were observed only in the young group (p<0.05). MDA has increased only in the older group (0.54±0.2 vs. 0.79±0.2 µmol/l) (p<0.01). CK increased in both groups (young group: 122.5±22.2 vs. 161.9±18.7 UI/l; older group: 88.8±34.1 vs. 111.1±25.9 UI/l) (p<0.01), however LDH has increased only in the young group (400.5±22.2 vs. 485±18.7 UI/l) (p<0.01) without alteration in the older group (382.8±34.1 vs. 418.5±25.9 UI/l). Conclusions These findings indicate that aging is associated with a decrease in antioxidant efficiency and an increase in oxidative stress damage. Furthermore, older adults would not more susceptible to exercise-induced muscle injury than young people. PMID:24618679

Changes in oxidative stress markers and biological markers of muscle injury with aging at rest and in response to an exhaustive exercise.

PubMed

Bouzid, Mohamed Amine; Hammouda, Omar; Matran, Regis; Robin, Sophie; Fabre, Claudine

2014-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether oxidative stress markers and biomarkers of muscle injury would be affected by aging at rest and in response to an incremental exhaustive exercise. Fifteen young (20.3 ± 2.8 years) and fifteen older adults (65.1 ± 3.5 years) performed an incremental cycle ergometer test to exhaustion. Before and after exercise, oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid, α-Tocopherol, malondialdehyde (MDA)] and muscle injury [creatine kinase (CK), lactate deshydrogenase (LDH)] biomarkers were assessed. At rest, there was no difference in oxidative stress markers and LDH level between the groups, however CK was significantly higher in the young group than the elderly group (p<0.05). During recovery, in comparison with resting values, a significant increase in SOD (1092 ± 145.9 vs. 1243 ± 98 U/g Hb), GPX (67.4 ± 12.7 vs. 79.2 ± 15.6 U/g Hb) and GR (6.5 ± 0.9 vs. 7.7 ± 0.5 U/g Hb) activities were observed only in the young group (p<0.05). MDA has increased only in the older group (0.54 ± 0.2 vs. 0.79 ± 0.2 µmol/l) (p<0.01). CK increased in both groups (young group: 122.5 ± 22.2 vs. 161.9 ± 18.7 UI/l; older group: 88.8 ± 34.1 vs. 111.1 ± 25.9 UI/l) (p<0.01), however LDH has increased only in the young group (400.5 ± 22.2 vs. 485 ± 18.7 UI/l) (p<0.01) without alteration in the older group (382.8 ± 34.1 vs. 418.5 ± 25.9 UI/l). These findings indicate that aging is associated with a decrease in antioxidant efficiency and an increase in oxidative stress damage. Furthermore, older adults would not more susceptible to exercise-induced muscle injury than young people.

Medical expenditures associated with nonfatal occupational injuries among immigrant and U.S.-born workers

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background No national study has investigated whether immigrant workers are less likely than U.S.-workers to seek medical treatment after occupational injuries and whether the payment source differs between two groups. Methods Using the 2004–2009 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data, we estimated the annual incidence rate of nonfatal occupational injuries per 100 workers. Logistic regression models were fitted to test whether injured immigrant workers were less likely than U.S.-born workers to seek professional medical treatment after occupational injuries. We also estimated the average mean medical expenditures per injured worker during the 2 year MEPS reference period using linear regression analysis, adjusting for gender, age, race, marital status, education, poverty level, and insurance. Types of service and sources of payment were compared between U.S.-born and immigrant workers. Results A total of 1,909 injured U.S.-born workers reported 2,176 occupational injury events and 508 injured immigrant workers reported 560 occupational injury events. The annual nonfatal incidence rate per 100 workers was 4.0% (95% CI: 3.8%-4.3%) for U.S.-born workers and 3.0% (95% CI: 2.6%-3.3%) for immigrant workers. Medical treatment was sought after 77.3% (95% CI: 75.1%-79.4%) of the occupational injuries suffered by U.S.-born workers and 75.6% (95% CI: 69.8%-80.7%) of the occupational injuries suffered by immigrant workers. The average medical expenditure per injured worker in the 2 year MEPS reference period was $2357 for the U.S.-born workers and $2,351 for immigrant workers (in 2009 U.S. dollars, P = 0.99). Workers’ compensation paid 57.0% (95% CI: 49.4%-63.6%) of the total expenditures for U.S.-born workers and 43.2% (95% CI: 33.0%-53.7%) for immigrant workers. U.S.-born workers paid 6.7% (95% CI: 5.5%-8.3%) and immigrant workers paid 7.1% (95% CI: 5.2%-9.6%) out-of-pocket. Conclusions Immigrant workers had a statistically significant lower incidence rate of nonfatal occupational injuries than U.S.-born workers. There was no significant difference in seeking medical treatment and in the mean expenditures per injured worker between the two groups. The proportion of total expenditures paid by workers’ compensation was smaller (marginally significant) for immigrant workers than for U.S.-born workers. PMID:22905938

The effects of different levels of superoxide dismutase in Modena on boar semen quality during liquid preservation at 17°C.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiao-Gang; Li, Hao; Wang, Le; Hao, Yang-Yi; Liang, Guo-Dong; Ma, Yun-Hui; Yang, Gong-She; Hu, Jian-Hong

2017-01-01

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the quality of boar semen during liquid preservation at 17°C. Semen samples from 10 Duroc boars were collected and pooled, divided into five equal parts and diluted with Modena containing different concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 U/mL) of SOD. During the process of liquid preservation at 17°C, sperm motility, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) content were measured and analyzed every 24 h. Meanwhile, effective survival time of boar semen during preservation was evaluated and analyzed. The results indicated that different concentrations of SOD in Modena showed different protective effects on boar sperm quality. Modena supplemented with SOD decreased the effects on reactive oxygen species on boar sperm quality during liquid preservation compared with that of the control group. The added 200 U/mL SOD group showed higher sperm motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, effective survival time and T-AOC activity. Meanwhile, the added 200 U/mL SOD group showed lower MDA content and H 2 O 2 content. In conclusion, addition of SOD to Modena improved the boar sperm quality by reducing oxidative stress during liquid preservation at 17°C and the optimum concentration was 200 U/mL. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science.

The correlation between dental calculus and disturbed mineral metabolism in paediatric patients with chronic kidney disease.

PubMed

Davidovich, Esti; Davidovits, Miriam; Peretz, Benny; Shapira, Joseph; Aframian, Doron J

2009-08-01

Vascular calcifications have been documented in children with end-stage renal disease. However, only a few reports have described abundant dental calculus formation in children suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Moreover, dental calculus scores (DCS) and their correlation with renal disease severity have not been studied. DCS in 74 young CKD patients were evaluated: 25 pre-dialytic (PrD), 18 on dialysis (D) and 31 with transplants (T) compared to 32 healthy participants (C). Saliva and serum analysis included creatinine (Cr), urea (U), calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg) as well as intraoral pH levels. All patient groups presented high DCS. DCS and pH levels were higher in the D group with a positive correlation between pH and lower incisor DCS (r = 0.56, P = 0.017). The highest salivary Ca was found in the PrD group. Salivary P in the PrD group was found to be higher than in the T and C groups. The lowest salivary Mg was found in the D group while the highest salivary Ca x P product was found in the PrD group. In all patient groups, salivary U was higher than in the C group with a 2.5-fold increase in the D group. Salivary Cr resembled the U salivary concentrations. Alterations in salivary Ca, P, Mg, U, Cr and intraoral pH levels were observed in the patient groups. DCS correlated with renal disease severity and therefore may be a reflection of other tissue calcification pathologies found in these patients.

U-Pb geochronology of zircon and monazite from Mesoproterozoic granitic gneisses of the northern Blue Ridge, Virginia and Maryland, USA

USGS Publications Warehouse

Aleinikoff, J.N.; Burton, W.C.; Lyttle, P.T.; Nelson, A.E.; Southworth, C.S.

2000-01-01

Mesoproterozoic granitic gneisses comprise most of the basement of the northern Blue Ridge geologic province in Virginia and Maryland. Lithology, structure, and U-Pb geochronology have been used to subdivide the gneisses into three groups. The oldest rocks, Group 1, are layered granitic gneiss (1153 ?? 6 Ma), hornblende monzonite gneiss (1149 ?? 19 Ma), porphyroblastic granite gneiss (1144 ?? 2 Ma), coarse-grained metagranite (about 1140 Ma), and charnockite (>1145 Ma?). These gneisses contain three Proterozoic deformational fabrics. Because of complex U-Pb systematics due to extensive overgrowths on magmatic cores, zircons from hornblende monzonite gneiss were dated using the sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP), whereas all other ages are based on conventional U-Pb geochronology. Group 2 rocks are leucocratic and biotic varieties of Marshall Metagranite, dated at 1112??3 Ma and 1111 ?? 2 Ma respectively. Group 3 rocks are subdivided into two age groups: (1) garnetiferous metagranite (1077 ?? 4 Ma) and quartz-plagioclase gneiss (1077 ?? 4 Ma); (2) white leucocratic metagranite (1060 ?? 2 Ma), pink leucocratic metagranite (1059 ?? 2), biotite granite gneiss (1055 ?? 4 Ma), and megacrystic metagranite (1055 ?? 2 Ma). Groups 2 and 3 gneisses contain only the two younger Proterozoic deformational fabrics. Ages of monazite, seprated from seven samples, indicate growth during both igneous and metamorphic (thermal) events. However, ages obtained from individual grains may be mixtures of different age components, as suggested by backscatter electron (BSE) imaging of complexly zoned grains. Analyses of unzoned monazite (imaged by BSE and thought to contain only one age component) from porphyroblastic granite gneiss yield ages of 1070, 1060, and 1050 Ma. The range of ages of monazite (not reset to a uniform date) indicates that the Grenville granulite event at about 1035 Ma did not exceed about 750??C. Lack of evidence for 1110 Ma growth of monazite in porphyroblastic granite gneiss suggests that the Short Hill fault might be a Grenvillian structure that was reactivated in the Paleozoic. The timing of Proterozoic deformations is constrained by crystallization ages of the gneissic rocks. D1 occurred between about 1145 and 1075 Ma (or possibly between about 1145 and 1128 Ma). D2 and D3 must be younger than about 1050 Ma. Ages of Mesoproterozoic granitic rocks of the northern Blue Ridge are similar to rocks in other Grenville terranes of the eastern USA, including the Adirondacks and Hudson Highlands. However, comparisons with conventional U-Pb ages of granulite-grade rocks from the central and southern Appalachians may be specious because these ages may actually be mixtures of ages of cores and overgrowths.

Improved glycemic control without hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients using the ubiquitous healthcare service, a new medical information system.

PubMed

Lim, Soo; Kang, Seon Mee; Shin, Hayley; Lee, Hak Jong; Won Yoon, Ji; Yu, Sung Hoon; Kim, So-Youn; Yoo, Soo Young; Jung, Hye Seung; Park, Kyong Soo; Ryu, Jun Oh; Jang, Hak C

2011-02-01

To improve quality and efficiency of care for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, we introduced elderly-friendly strategies to the clinical decision support system (CDSS)-based ubiquitous healthcare (u-healthcare) service, which is an individualized health management system using advanced medical information technology. We conducted a 6-month randomized, controlled clinical trial involving 144 patients aged >60 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive routine care (control, n = 48), to the self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG, n = 47) group, or to the u-healthcare group (n = 49). The primary end point was the proportion of patients achieving A1C <7% without hypoglycemia at 6 months. U-healthcare system refers to an individualized medical service in which medical instructions are given through the patient's mobile phone. Patients receive a glucometer with a public switched telephone network-connected cradle that automatically transfers test results to a hospital-based server. Once the data are transferred to the server, an automated system, the CDSS rule engine, generates and sends patient-specific messages by mobile phone. After 6 months of follow-up, the mean A1C level was significantly decreased from 7.8 ± 1.3% to 7.4 ± 1.0% (P < 0.001) in the u-healthcare group and from 7.9 ± 1.0% to 7.7 ± 1.0% (P = 0.020) in the SMBG group, compared with 7.9 ± 0.8% to 7.8 ± 1.0% (P = 0.274) in the control group. The proportion of patients with A1C <7% without hypoglycemia was 30.6% in the u-healthcare group, 23.4% in the SMBG group (23.4%), and 14.0% in the control group (P < 0.05). The CDSS-based u-healthcare service achieved better glycemic control with less hypoglycemia than SMBG and routine care and may provide effective and safe diabetes management in the elderly diabetic patients.

Effect of lattice distortion on uranium magnetic moments in U4Ru7Ge6 studied by polarized neutron diffraction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vališka, Michal; Klicpera, Milan; Doležal, Petr; Fabelo, Oscar; Stunault, Anne; Diviš, Martin; Sechovský, Vladimír

2018-03-01

In a cubic ferromagnet, small spontaneous lattice distortions are expected below the Curie temperature, but the phenomenon is usually neglected. This study focuses on such an effect in the U4Ru7Ge6 compound. Based on DFT calculations, we propose a lattice distortion from the cubic I m -3 m space group to a lower, rhombohedral, symmetry described by the R -3 m space group. The strong spin-orbit coupling of the uranium ions plays an essential role in lowering the symmetry, giving rise to two different U sites (U1 and U2). Using polarized neutron diffraction in applied magnetic fields of 1 and 9 T in the ordered state (1.9 K ) and in the paramagnetic state (20 K ), we bring convincing experimental evidence of this splitting of the U sites, with different magnetic moments. The data have been analyzed both by maximum entropy calculations and by a direct fit in the dipolar approximation. In the ordered phase, the μL/μS ratio of the orbital and spin moments on the U2 site is remarkably lower than for the free U3 + or U4 + ion, which points to a strong hybridization of the U 5 f wave functions with the 4 d wave functions of the surrounding Ru. On the U1 site, the μL/μS ratio exhibits an unexpectedly low value: the orbital moment is almost quenched, like in metallic α -uranium. As a further evidence of the 5 f -4 d hybridization in the U4Ru7Ge6 system, we observe the absence of a magnetic moment on the Ru1 site, but a rather large induced moment on the Ru2 site, which is in closer coordination with both U positions. Very similar results are obtained at 20 K in the ferromagnetic regime induced by the magnetic field of 9 T . This shows that applying a strong magnetic field above the Curie temperature also leads to the splitting of the uranium sites, which further demonstrates the intimate coupling of the magnetic ordering and structural distortion. We propose that the difference between the magnetic moment on the U1 and U2 sites results from the strong spin-orbit interaction with different local point symmetries.

Genomic organization of the rat alpha 2u-globulin gene cluster.

PubMed

McFadyen, D A; Addison, W; Locke, J

1999-05-01

The alpha 2u-globulin are a group of similar proteins, belonging to the lipocalin superfamily of proteins, that are synthesized in a subset of secretory tissues in rats. The many alpha 2u-globulin isoforms are encoded by a multigene family that exhibits extensive homology. Despite a high degree of sequence identity, individual family members show diverse expression patterns involving complex hormonal, tissue-specific, and developmental regulation. Analysis suggests that there are approximately 20 alpha 2u-globulin genes in the rat genome. We have used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to show that the alpha 2u-globulin genes are clustered at a single site on rat Chromosome (Chr) 5 (5q22-24). Southern blots of rat genomic DNA separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis indicated that the alpha 2u-globulin genes are contained on two NruI fragments with a total size of 880 kbp. Analysis of three P1 clones containing alpha 2u-globulin genes indicated that the alpha 2u-globulin genes are tandemly arranged in a head-to-tail fashion. The organization of the alpha 2u-globulin genes in the rat as a tandem array of single genes differs from the homologous major urinary protein genes in the mouse, which are organized as tandem arrays of divergently oriented gene pairs. The structure of these gene clusters may have consequences for the proposed function, as a pheromone transporter, for the protein products encoded by these genes.

7 CFR 29.2526 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Group. 29.2526 Section 29.2526 Agriculture Regulations...-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Types 22, 23, and Foreign Type 96) § 29.2526 Group. A division of a type covering..., or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in these types are Wrappers (A), Heavy Leaf (B), Thin...

7 CFR 29.2440 - (N Group).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false (N Group). 29.2440 Section 29.2440 Agriculture... INSPECTION Standards Grades § 29.2440 (N Group). Extremely common tobacco which does not meet the minimum specifications or which exceeds the tolerance of the lowest grade of any other group except scrap. U.S. grades...

7 CFR 29.2526 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Group. 29.2526 Section 29.2526 Agriculture Regulations...-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Types 22, 23, and Foreign Type 96) § 29.2526 Group. A division of a type covering..., or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in these types are Wrappers (A), Heavy Leaf (B), Thin...

7 CFR 29.2440 - (N Group).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false (N Group). 29.2440 Section 29.2440 Agriculture... INSPECTION Standards Grades § 29.2440 (N Group). Extremely common tobacco which does not meet the minimum specifications or which exceeds the tolerance of the lowest grade of any other group except scrap. U.S. grades...

7 CFR 29.2526 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Group. 29.2526 Section 29.2526 Agriculture Regulations...-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Types 22, 23, and Foreign Type 96) § 29.2526 Group. A division of a type covering..., or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in these types are Wrappers (A), Heavy Leaf (B), Thin...

7 CFR 29.2440 - (N Group).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false (N Group). 29.2440 Section 29.2440 Agriculture... INSPECTION Standards Grades § 29.2440 (N Group). Extremely common tobacco which does not meet the minimum specifications or which exceeds the tolerance of the lowest grade of any other group except scrap. U.S. grades...

7 CFR 29.2526 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Group. 29.2526 Section 29.2526 Agriculture Regulations...-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Types 22, 23, and Foreign Type 96) § 29.2526 Group. A division of a type covering..., or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in these types are Wrappers (A), Heavy Leaf (B), Thin...

7 CFR 29.2526 - Group.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Group. 29.2526 Section 29.2526 Agriculture Regulations...-Cured Tobacco (u.s. Types 22, 23, and Foreign Type 96) § 29.2526 Group. A division of a type covering..., or the general quality of the tobacco. Groups in these types are Wrappers (A), Heavy Leaf (B), Thin...

Predictive value of glucose-insulin ratio in PCOS and profile of women who will benefit from metformin therapy: obese, lean, hyper or normoinsulinemic?

PubMed

Onalan, Gogsen; Goktolga, Umit; Ceyhan, Temel; Bagis, Tayfun; Onalan, Reside; Pabuçcu, Recai

2005-12-01

The aim of the present study is to evaluate sub-groups of PCOS patients who will benefit from metformin therapy and to find out any predictors of ovulation in PCOS sub-groups. In the current prospective-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, PCOS patients (n = 116) were divided into six main groups according to glucose to insulin ratio (G-I ratio mg/10(-4) U) and body mass index (BMI kg/m2) as: Group 1: normoinsulinemic (G-I ratio > or = 4.5 mg/10(-4) U), lean (BMI < 25) (n = 37); Group 2: normoinsulinemic, overweight (BMI: 25-29.9) (n = 19); Group 3: normoinsulinemic, obese (BMI > or = 30) (n = 18); Group 4: hyperinsulinemic (G-I ratio < 4.5 mg/10(-4) U), lean (n = 28); Group 5: hyperinsulinemic, overweight (n = 17); Group 6: hyperinsulinemic, obese (n = 20). Patients in each group were randomized onto placebo or metformin treatments (850 mg two to three times per day according to BMI). The rate of ovulation, biochemical profile, hormonal profile and clinical symptoms of hyperandrogenism were evaluated before and after 6 months of metformin and placebo treatments. We observed a significant decrease in WHR following metformin therapy in the normoinsulinemic overweight sub-group (P < 0.05). The duration of the menstrual cycle significantly decreased in the normoinsulinemic obese sub-group on metformin therapy (P < 0.05). Metformin had a significant effect on hirsutism scores in hyperinsulinemic lean women (P < 0.05) and decreased DHEAS levels significantly in the lean hyperinsulinemic and normoinsulinemic groups (P < 0.05). Metformin had significant effects on ovulation in only lean hyperinsulinemic women (P < 0.05). Clinical outcomes of metformin therapy may be categorized on the basis of basal BMI and insulin levels in PCOS patients.

40 CFR 180.503 - Cymoxanil, tolerance for residues.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., cymoxanil, 2-cyano -N- [(ethylamino)carbonyl]-2-(methoxyimino) acetamide, in or on the following food...-07A 0.05 Onion, green, subgroup 3-07B 1.1 Potato 0.05 Vegetable, cucurbit, group 9 0.05 Vegetable, fruiting, group 8 0.2 1There is no U.S. registration for lychee. (b) Section 18 emergency exemptions...

Structure and Reactivity of X-ray Amorphous Uranyl Peroxide, U 2O 7

DOE PAGES

Odoh, Samuel O.; Shamblin, Jacob; Colla, Christopher A.; ...

2016-03-14

Recent accidents resulting in worker injury and radioactive contamination occurred due to pressurization of uranium yellowcake drums produced in the western USA. The drums contained an unexpected X-ray amorphous reactive form of uranium oxide, U 2O7. Heating hydrated uranyl peroxides produced during in situ mining unintentionally produced U 2O 7. It is a hygroscopic anhydrous uranyl peroxide that reacts rapidly with water to release O 2 gas and form metaschoepite, a uranyl-oxide hydrate. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that the most stable U 2O 7 conformer consists of two bent (UO 2) 2+ uranyl ions bridged by a peroxide group bidentatemore » and parallel to each uranyl ion, and a μ2-O atom, resulting in charge neutrality. A pair distribution function from neutron total scattering supports this structural model. The reactivity of U 2O 7 in water and with water in air is much higher than other uranium oxides, and this can be both hazardous and potentially advantageous in the nuclear fuel cycle.« less

The Effect of Albumin and Platelet-Poor Plasma Supplemented Botulinum A Toxin on Bioavaliability: An Experimental Rabbit Model.

PubMed

Sibar, Serhat; Findikcioglu, Kemal; Zinnuroglu, Murat; Cenetoglu, Seyhan

2017-04-01

Today, botulinum toxin is commonly used for cosmetic purposes throughout the world. Despite various agents reducing the efficiency of toxin are well defined, the studies related to increasing the bioavailability are limited. The purpose of our study is to assess the effect of the preparation of toxin by diluting with platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and/or albumin instead of standard dilution (saline) on bioavailability in cosmetic-purpose botulinum toxin applications.In the study, 24 New Zealand rabbits were used. Right anterior auricular muscle was preferred for toxin injections. Subjects were divided in 4 groups and in every group; botulinum A toxin (BTxA) that was prepared by different dilution methods was injected. 2.5 U saline-diluted BTxA was injected to the subjects in group 1, 2.5 U ready-to-use rabbit albumin-diluted BTxA was injected to group 2 and 2.5 U autologous PPP-diluted BTxA was injected to group 3 and pure saline was injected to group 4.Before the injection (0th week) and in the second, sixth, and 12th weeks after the injection, visual and electroneuromyographic evaluations of the ears of the subjects were performed.In the second week, median amplitude levels in group 2 were significantly found lower than other groups.In the sixth week, median amplitude levels in group 1 were significantly found lower than other groups.In 12th week, no significant difference was found among all the groups in terms of median amplitude levels.Visual findings were also correlated with electroneuromyographic findings.It was observed that the dilution of BTxA with albumin had caused a stronger paralysis when compared to dilution with saline or PPP at the beginning (second week); however, in the following weeks (sixth week), it was seen that dilution with saline had maintained paralysis better when compared with other dilution methods.In cosmetic BTxA applications, dilution of the toxin with albumin or PPP instead of standard dilution has no positive effect on bioavailability and such modifications regarding this kind of dilution are found unsuitable. Further studies are needed to directly relate the results with clinical applications.

Characteristics and Effectiveness of the U.S. State E-Government-to-Business Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Jensen J.; Truell, Allen; Alexander, Melody W.

2008-01-01

This study examined the user-interface characteristics and effectiveness of the e-government-to-business (G2B) sites of the 50 U.S. states and Washington, D.C. A group of 306 online users were trained to assess the sites. The findings indicate that the majority of the state G2B sites included the user-interface characteristics that provided online…

Examination of Measurement Invariance across Culture and Gender on the RCMAS-2 Short Form among Singapore and U.S. Adolescents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowe, Patricia A.; Ang, Rebecca P.

2016-01-01

Tests of measurement invariance were conducted across culture and gender on the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale-Second Edition (RCMAS-2) Short Form in a sample of 1,003 Singapore and U.S. adolescents. The results of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses across culture and gender supported at least partial measurement invariance. ANOVA…

Effect of High-Speed Strength Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players of Different Ages.

PubMed

Rodríguez-Rosell, David; Franco-Márquez, Felipe; Mora-Custodio, Ricardo; González-Badillo, Juan José

2017-09-01

Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Franco-Márquez, F, Mora-Custodio, R, and González-Badillo, JJ. Effect of high-speed strength training on physical performance in young soccer players of different ages. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2498-2508, 2017-The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of low-load, low-volume weight training combined with plyometrics on strength, sprint, and jump performance in soccer players of different ages. Eighty-six soccer players from the same academy were categorized into 3 groups by age (under 13 years, U13, n = 30; under 15, U15, n = 28; and under 17, U17, n = 28) and then randomly assigned into 2 subgroups: a strength training group (STG) and a control group (CG). The strength training program was performed twice a week for 6 weeks and consisted of full squats (load: 45-60% 1 repetition maximum; volume: 3 set of 8-4 repetitions), jumps, and straight line sprint exercises. After training intervention, the STGs showed significant improvements in maximal strength (7.5-54.5%; p < 0.001), jump height (5.7-12.5%; p <0.01-0.001), and sprint time (-3.7 to -1.2%; p ≤0.05-0.001), whereas no significant gains were found for any variable in the CGs. Comparison between experimental groups resulted in a greater magnitude of change for U13 compared with U15 (effect sizes [ES]: 0.10-0.53) and U17 (ES: 0.14-1.41) soccer players in most variables, whereas U15 showed higher improvements in jump and strength parameters than U17 (ES: 0.25-0.90) soccer players. Thus, although our results indicates that a combined weight training and plyometrics program may be effective in eliciting gains in strength, jump, and sprint in soccer players of different ages, the training program used appears to be generally less effective as the age of the soccer players increased. Therefore, it appears that training characteristics (mainly volume, intensity, and type of exercise) should be modified in relation to maturity status and initial strength level.

Urinary fibrogenic cytokines ET-1 and TGF-β1 are associated with urinary angiotensinogen levels in obese children.

PubMed

Correia-Costa, Liane; Morato, Manuela; Sousa, Teresa; Cosme, Dina; Guimarães, João Tiago; Guerra, António; Schaefer, Franz; Afonso, Alberto Caldas; Azevedo, Ana; Albino-Teixeira, António

2016-03-01

Fibrogenic cytokines are recognized as putative drivers of disease activity and histopathological deterioration in various kidney diseases. We compared urinary transforming growth factor β1 (U-TGF-β1) and endothelin 1 (U-ET-1) levels across body mass index classes and assessed their association with the level of urinary angiotensinogen (U-AGT), a biomarker of intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The was a cross-sectional evaluation of 302 children aged 8-9 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (BP), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), aldosterone level and renal function were evaluated. U-ET-1, U-TGF-β1 and U-AGT levels were determined by immunoenzymatic methods. Obese children presented with the lowest levels of U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1, but the difference was only significant for U-ET-1. In obese children, the median levels of both U-ET-1 and U-TGF-β1 tended to increase across tertiles (T1-T3) of U-AGT (U-ET-1: T1, 19.9 (14.2-26.3); T2, 32.5 (23.3-141.6); T3, 24.8 (18.7-51.5) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.007; U-TGF-β1: T1, 2.2 (1.8-4.0); T2, 4.3 (2.7-11.7); T3, 4.9 (3.8-10.1) ng/g creatinine, p = 0.004]. In multivariate models, in the obese group, U-ET-1 was associated with HOMA-IR and aldosterone and U-AGT levels, and U-TGF-β1 was associated with U-AGT levels and 24 h-systolic BP. Whereas the initial hypothesis of higher levels of urinary fibrogenic cytokines in obese children was not confirmed in our study, both TGF-β1 and U-ET-1 levels were associated with U-AGT level, which likely reflects an early interplay between tissue remodeling and RAAS in obesity-related kidney injury.

Efficacy of heparinoid moisturizer as a prophylactic agent for radiation dermatitis following radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Sekiguchi, Kenji; Akahane, Keiko; Ogita, Mami; Haga, Chiori; Ito, Ryoko; Arai, Satoru; Ishida, Yasushi; Tsukada, Yoichiro; Kawamori, Jiro

2018-05-01

The application of heparinoid moisturizer for 2 weeks following whole-breast radiotherapy (WBRT) was previously reported to significantly increase skin water content (WC) and help improve skin dryness and desquamation. The prospective open-label, randomized trial included an exploratory arm to investigate the preventive efficacy of heparinoid moisturizer for acute radiation dermatitis (ARD). Between April 2011 and April 2013, patients receiving WBRT were assigned (1:2:2) to receive either: moisturizer for prophylaxis (group P), moisturizer starting 2 weeks after WBRT for treatment (group M), and no moisturizer (group C). This paper presents the results of comparison between the exploratory arm and no moisturizer group. Skin WC was measured prior to WBRT, on the last day of WBRT, and 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months following WBRT. Signs and symptoms were also assessed. Comparing two groups, WC values were significantly higher in group P until 4 weeks following WBRT. At 2 weeks following WBRT, mean WC values in group P and C were 38.5 ± 6.1 arbitrary units (a.u.) and 30.2 ± 7.8 a.u., respectively (P < 0.001). In group C, dryness was more severe at 2 and 4 weeks following WBRT and desquamation more severe until 3 months following WBRT. However, the erythema score showed no difference between the two groups. Regarding symptoms, group C pain scores on the last day of WBRT were significantly higher than in group P (P < 0.030). The preventive application of heparinoid moisturizer has the potential of reducing skin desquamation and dryness in patients receiving WBRT.

Final report for Texas A&M University Group Contribution to DE-FG02-09ER25949/DE-SC0002505: Topology for Statistical Modeling of Petascale Data (and ASCR-funded collaboration between Sandia National Labs, Texas A&M University and University of Utah)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rojas, Joseph Maurice

We summarize the contributions of the Texas A\\&M University Group to the project (DE-FG02-09ER25949/DE-SC0002505: Topology for Statistical Modeling of Petascale Data - an ASCR-funded collaboration between Sandia National Labs, Texas A\\&M U, and U Utah) during 6/9/2011 -- 2/27/2013.

Using T2-Exchange from Ln3+DOTA-Based Chelates for Contrast-Enhanced Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with MRI

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-04-01

group meetings to help with collaboration among the group members. He also gave two conference presentations (see Section 6) about this research ...Dallas Dallas, TX 75390-8568 REPORT DATE: April 2016 TYPE OF REPORT: Final PREPARED FOR: U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick...SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER

The effect of concomitant DPPIVi use on glycaemic control and hypoglycaemia with insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) in people with type 2 diabetes: A patient-level meta-analysis of EDITION 2 and 3.

PubMed

Yale, Jean-François; Pettus, Jeremy Hodson; Brito-Sanfiel, Miguel; Lavalle-Gonzalez, Fernando; Merino-Trigo, Ana; Stella, Peter; Chevalier, Soazig; Buzzetti, Raffaella

2018-01-01

To evaluate the effect of concomitant dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor (DPPIVi) use on efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) versus glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) in people with type 2 diabetes on oral antihyperglycaemic drugs. A post hoc patient-level meta-analysis was performed using data from EDITION 2 (basal insulin [N = 811]) and EDITION 3 (insulin-naïve [N = 878]), multicentre, randomised, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3a trials of similar design. Endpoints analysed included HbA1c, hypoglycaemia and adverse events, investigated in subgroups of participants with and without concomitant DPPIVi use. Of 1689 participants randomised, 107 (13%, Gla-300) and 133 (16%, Gla-100) received DPPIVi therapy. The least squares mean change in HbA1c (baseline to month 6) was comparable between treatment groups, irrespective of DPPIVi use (no evidence of heterogeneity of treatment effect across subgroups, p = 0.753), although group sizes were unbalanced. The cumulative mean number of confirmed (≤3.9 mmol/L [≤70 mg/dL]) or severe hypoglycaemic events, and the risk and annualised rate of such events, were consistently lower for Gla-300 than Gla-100 during the night (between 00:00 and 05:59 h) or at any time of day (24 h period), irrespective of DPPIVi use. Severe hypoglycaemia occurred in 8/838 and 10/844 participants in the Gla-300 and Gla-100 groups, respectively, and was not affected by DPPIVi use. The adverse event profile was similar between treatment groups and DPPIVi subgroups. Glycaemic control with Gla-300 was comparable to Gla-100, with less hypoglycaemia during the night and at any time of day (24 h), irrespective of concomitant DPPIVi use. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01499095; NCT01676220.

Perception of Racial Discrimination and Psychopathology Across Three U.S. Ethnic Minority Groups

PubMed Central

Chou, Tina; Asnaani, Anu; Hofmann, Stefan G.

2012-01-01

To examine the association between the perception of racial discrimination and the lifetime prevalence rates of psychological disorders in the three most common ethnic minorities in the U.S., we analyzed data from a sample consisting of 793 Asian Americans, 951 Hispanic Americans, and 2,795 African Americans who received the Composite International Diagnostic Interview through the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies. The perception of racial discrimination was associated with the endorsement of major depressive disorder, panic disorder with agoraphobia, agoraphobia without history of panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorders in varying degrees amongst the three minority groups, independent of the socioeconomic status, level of education, age, and gender of participants. The results suggest that the perception of racial discrimination is associated with psychopathology in the three most common U.S. minority groups. PMID:21967527

Effects of consumer-centered u-health service for the knowledge, skill, and attitude of the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PubMed

Kim, Jeongeun; Kim, Sukwha; Kim, Hee-Chan; Kim, Kyung-Hwan; Yang, Seok-Chul; Lee, Choon-Taek; Kong, Hyoun-Joong; Lee, Kyungsoon

2012-12-01

Through the use of ubiquitous health, or u-Health, services, medical information can be adapted and made accessible via computer and Internet to provide quality healthcare to anybody, any place, and any time. We developed and implemented u-Health services for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and studied their experiences with respect to their knowledge of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and skill and attitude toward the u-Health devices. The u-Health services were composed of telemonitoring and teleconsultation supplemented with home visits. To determine its effectiveness, the u-Health service system was implemented for 2 years with 144 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in a clinical experiment. The subjects were divided into three experimental groups, each provided with different services, compared before and after intervention, and among groups. The analysis of data gathered through the system suggested that u-Health services can support patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, improve patients' knowledge about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease self-management, build u-Health device usage skills, and foster a positive attitude toward u-Health devices. The u-Health services for the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients were both feasible and effective from the patients' perspective.

Use of spectroscopic techniques for uranium(VI)/montmorillonite interaction modeling.

PubMed

Kowal-Fouchard, A; Drot, R; Simoni, E; Ehrhardt, J J

2004-03-01

To experimentally identify both clay sorption sites and sorption equilibria and to understand the retention mechanisms at a molecular level, we have characterized the structure of hexavalent uranium surface complexes resulting from the interaction between the uranyl ions and the surface retention groups of a montmorillonite clay. We have performed laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on uranyl ion loaded montmorillonite. These structural results were then compared to those obtained from the study of uranyl ions sorbed onto an alumina and also from U(VI) sorbed on an amorphous silica. This experimental approach allowed for a clear determination of the reactive surface sites of montmorillonite for U(VI) sorption. The lifetime values and the U4f XPS spectra of uranium(VI) sorbed on montmorillonite have shown that this ion is sorbed on both exchange and edge sites. The comparison of U(VI)/clay and U(VI)/oxide systems has determined that the interaction between uranyl ions and montmorillonite edge sites occurs via both [triple bond]AlOH and [triple bond]SiOH surface groups and involves three distinct surface complexes. The surface complexation modeling of the U(VI)/montmorillonite sorption edges was determined using the constant capacitance model and the above experimental constraints. The following equilibria were found to account for the uranyl sorption mechanisms onto montmorillonite for metal concentrations ranged from 10(-6) to 10(-3) M and two ionic strengths (0.1 and 0.5 M): 2[triple bond]XNa + UO2(2+) <==> ([triple bond]X)2UO2 + 2Na+, log K0(exch) = 3.0; [triple bond]Al(OH)2 + UO2(2+) <==> [triple bond]Al(OH)2UO2(2+), log K0(Al) = 14.9; [triple bond]Si(OH)2 + UO2(2+) <==> [triple bond]SiO2UO2 + 2H+, log K0(Si1) = -3.8; and [triple bond]Si(OH)2 + 3UO2(2+) + 5H2O <==> [triple bond]SiO2(UO2)3(OH)5- + 7H+, log K0(Si2) = -20.0.

[Suppressive effect of hydrogen sulfide donor on endothelin-1 production in aorta of atherosclerotic rats].

PubMed

Li, Wei; Du, Junbao; Jin, Hongfang

2015-06-01

To examine the effect of H2S donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), on ET-1 level in plasma and aorta in rats with atherosclerosis (AS). Thirty male rats, weighting 200-220 g, were randomly divided into AS, AS+NaHS and control groups, n = 10 in each group.Rats were given a single dose of vitamin D3 (700 000 U/kg) in the first three days and fed with a high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks to induce AS. Rats in AS+NaHS group were intraperitoneally injected with an H2S donor NaHS, at a dose of 56 µmol/(kg·d) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment for 8 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed. The plasma was collected and the aorta and coronary tissues were isolated. The atherosclerotic lesions in both aorta and coronary arteries were detected using oil red O method. H2S concentration in plasma was determined with sulfide-sensitive electrode method. ET-1 levels in plasma and aorta were calculated by radioimmunoassay kit and the localization of ET-1 in the aorta was detected by immunohistochemistry. Plasma nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS) were detected with colorimetry. AS plaque area in root of aorta of rats in AS group, AS+NaHS group and control group were (11.6±3.3)%, (1.6±1.1)%, (0.0±0.1)% respectively. The difference in AS plaque area in root of aorta among the three groups was statistically significant (F=97.675, P < 0.05). AS plaque area in coronary artery of rats in AS group, AS+NaHS group and control group were (21.4±5.7)%, (4.8±2.5)%, (0.0±0.0)% respectively. The difference in AS plaque area in coronary artery among the three groups was statistically significant (F=97.519, P < 0.05). Plasma H2S level in rats of AS group ((22.0±3.1) µmol/L) was significantly lower than that of control group ((27.9±1.0) µmol/L) and AS+NaHS group ((33.3±6.2) µmol/L, all P < 0.05). Compared with control group ((70.0±10.7) ng/L), plasma ET-1 in rats of AS group ((89.6±14.2) ng/L) and AS+NaHS group ((93.1±15.5) ng/L, P both < 0.05) were increased. However, there was no significant difference in plasma ET-1 content in rats between AS+NaHS group and AS group (P > 0.05). Compared with control group ((3.8±1.2) ng/g), ET-1 content in aorta in rats of AS group ((11.9±4.9) ng/g) and AS+NaHS group ((8.2±2.5) ng/g, both P < 0.05) were increased, and ET-1 content in aorta in rats of AS+NaHS group was decreased compared with AS group (P < 0.05). Immunochemistry results showed that ET expression in cytoplasm in aortic endothelial cells in rats of AS group was strengthened, while ET expression in rats of control group and AS+NaHS group was weak. NOS activity of rats in control group, AS group and AS+NaHS group was (25.4±5.6), (51.8±10.0) and (27.6±6.5) U/ml, eNOS activity (15.3±6.2), (4.5±2.7) and (8.7±3.9) U/ml, and iNOS activity (9.9±4.0), (47.3±10.7) and (19.0±5.2) U/ml, respectively.Differences among the three groups were statistically significant (NOS activity: F=37.231, P < 0.05, eNOS activity: F=14.600, P < 0.05, and iNOS activity: F=72.131, P < 0.05). H2S donor NaHS reduced the AS plaque in AS rats. The mechanisms might involve the protective effect of H2S on the vascular endothelial cell, decreasing ET-1 production in aortal endothelium of atherosclerotic rats.

Combating Anti-Muslim Bias

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Nirvi

2011-01-01

America's 2.5 million Muslims make up less than 1 percent of the U.S. population, according to the Pew Research Center. Anecdotally, educators know that many Muslim students face discrimination. Unfortunately, no group or government agency keeps statistics on the subject. But some cases have warranted investigation by the U.S. Department of…

Combating Anti-Muslim Bias

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Nirvi

2011-01-01

America's 2.5 million Muslims make up less than 1% of the U.S. population, according to the Pew Research Center. Many Muslim students face discrimination and some cases have warranted investigation by the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights. Muslim groups have reported widespread bias as well. For many Muslim…

Exact Correlation Functions in S U (2 ) N =2 Superconformal QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baggio, Marco; Niarchos, Vasilis; Papadodimas, Kyriakos

2014-12-01

We report an exact solution of 2- and 3-point functions of chiral primary fields in S U (2 ) N =2 super-Yang-Mills theory coupled to four hypermultiplets. It is shown that these correlation functions are nontrivial functions of the gauge coupling, obeying differential equations which take the form of the semi-infinite Toda chain. We solve these equations recursively in terms of the Zamolodchikov metric that can be determined exactly from supersymmetric localization on the four-sphere. Our results are verified independently in perturbation theory with a Feynman diagram computation up to 2 loops. This is a short version of a companion paper that contains detailed technical remarks, additional material, and aspects of an extension to the S U (N ) gauge group.

Successful induction of oestrus, ovulation and pregnancy in adult ewes and ewe lambs out of the breeding season using a GnRH+progesterone oestrus synchronisation protocol.

PubMed

Martinez, M F; McLeod, B; Tattersfield, G; Smaill, B; Quirke, L D; Juengel, J L

2015-04-01

A series of experiments was designed to assess the effect of a treatment protocol (U-synch) for inducing oestrus and ovulation out of the breeding season in adult ewes and ewe lambs. The protocol consisted of a 7-day treatment with an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device (IPRD), administration of GnRH at IPRD insertion on Day 0, and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and prostaglandin F2α at IPRD removal on Day 7. In Experiment 1, 50 or 100 μg GnRH were sufficient to induce ovulation at the beginning of the protocol in 3/9 and 4/9 ewes, respectively; while the resulting proportion of sheep ovulating after the treatment protocol was 88.9% and 77.8% in ewes initially treated with 50 or 100 μg GnRH, respectively. In Experiment 2, the proportion of Romney-cross ewe lambs ovulating was greater (P<0.0001) in the U-synch group (95.4%) than in the untreated Control group (3.2%). In Experiment 3, pregnancy rates of Dorset-cross sheep in the U-synch (60.7%) and Standard (12-day IPRD and eCG treatment; 56.5%) groups were greater (P=0.01) than in the untreated Control group (43.4%). The incidence of twin pregnancies was greater (P=0.005) in the U-synch group than in the Control group. A 7-day IPRD treatment including GnRH treatment at device insertion and eCG treatment at device removal induced oestrus and ovulation during the non-breeding season in a high proportion of mature ewes and ewe lambs. High pregnancy rates to natural mating, with a low rate of triplet pregnancies, were also observed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Associations among Physical Activity, Diet Quality, and Weight Status in U.S. Adults

PubMed Central

Pate, Russell R.; Taverno Ross, Sharon E.; Liese, Angela D.; Dowda, Marsha

2015-01-01

Purpose Nearly 70% of adult Americans are overweight or obese, but the associations between physical activity, diet quality, and weight status have not been examined in a representative sample of U.S. adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations among moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), diet quality, and weight status within and across age groups in U.S. adults. Methods Participants included 2,587 men and 2,412 women ages 20 to ≥70 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and 2005–2006. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Diet quality was assessed with overall Healthy Eating Index-2005 scores. Measures of weight status, BMI and waist circumference, were assessed using standard NHANES protocols. Results Across age groups, MVPA was lower in the older age groups for both men and women while diet quality was higher (P<.001). BMI and waist circumference were also higher in the older age groups (P<0.05). Within age groups, MVPA was inversely associated with BMI and waist circumference for men and women in nearly every age group (P<0.05). Diet quality was inversely associated with the weight status variables only in men ages 30–39, 40–49 (BMI only), and 50–59 years, and women ages 50–59 years (P<0.05). Conclusions We observed clear age-related trends for measures of weight status, physical activity, and diet quality in U.S. men and women. MVPA was very consistently related to weight status in both genders. The relationship between diet quality and weight status was less consistent. These findings provide support for public health efforts to prevent obesity by promoting increased physical activity in adult Americans. PMID:25058328

The effectiveness of zinc supplementation in men with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

PubMed

Liu, Yan-Ling; Zhang, Man-Na; Tong, Guo-Yu; Sun, Shou-Yue; Zhu, Yan-Hua; Cao, Ying; Zhang, Jie; Huang, Hong; Niu, Ben; Li, Hong; Guo, Qing-Hua; Gao, Yan; Zhu, Da-Long; Li, Xiao-Ying

2017-01-01

A multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled superiority trial with 18 months of follow-up was conducted to investigate whether oral zinc supplementation could further promote spermatogenesis in males with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) receiving sequential purified urinary follicular-stimulating hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin (uFSH/hCG) replacement. Sixty-seven Chinese male IHH patients were recruited from the Departments of Endocrinology in eight tertiary hospitals and randomly allocated into the sequential uFSH/hCG group (Group A, n = 34) or the sequential uFSH plus zinc supplementation group (Group B, n = 33). In Group A, patients received sequential uFSH (75 U, three times a week every other 3 months) and hCG (2000 U, twice a week) treatments. In Group B, patients received oral zinc supplementation (40 mg day-1 ) in addition to the sequential uFSH/hCG treatment given to patients in Group A. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a sperm concentration ≥1.0 × 106 ml-1 during the 18 months. The comparison of efficacy between Groups A and B was analyzed. Nineteen of 34 (55.9%) patients receiving sequential uFSH/hCG and 20 of 33 (60.6%) patients receiving sequential uFSH/hCG plus zinc supplementation achieved sperm concentrations ≥1.0 × 106 ml-1 by intention to treat analyses. No differences between Group A and Group B were observed as far as the efficacy of inducing spermatogenesis (P = 0.69). We concluded that the sequential uFSH/hCG plus zinc supplementation regimen had a similar efficacy to the sequential uFSH/hCG treatment alone. The additional improvement of 40 mg day-1 oral zinc supplementation on spermatogenesis and masculinization in male IHH patients is very subtle.

Macroscopic and Microscopic Investigation of U(VI) and Eu(III) Adsorption on Carbonaceous Nanofibers.

PubMed

Sun, Yubing; Wu, Zhen-Yu; Wang, Xiangxue; Ding, Congcong; Cheng, Wencai; Yu, Shu-Hong; Wang, Xiangke

2016-04-19

The adsorption mechanism of U(VI) and Eu(III) on carbonaceous nanofibers (CNFs) was investigated using batch, IR, XPS, XANES, and EXAFS techniques. The pH-dependent adsorption indicated that the adsorption of U(VI) on the CNFs was significantly higher than the adsorption of Eu(III) at pH < 7.0. The maximum adsorption capacity of the CNFs calculated from the Langmuir model at pH 4.5 and 298 K for U(VI) and Eu(III) were 125 and 91 mg/g, respectively. The CNFs displayed good recyclability and recoverability by regeneration experiments. Based on XPS and XANES analyses, the enrichment of U(VI) and Eu(III) was attributed to the abundant adsorption sites (e.g., -OH and -COOH groups) of the CNFs. IR analysis further demonstrated that -COOH groups were more responsible for U(VI) adsorption. In addition, the remarkable reducing agents of the R-CH2OH groups were responsible for the highly efficient adsorption of U(VI) on the CNFs. The adsorption mechanism of U(VI) on the CNFs at pH 4.5 was shifted from inner- to outer-sphere surface complexation with increasing initial concentration, whereas the surface (co)precipitate (i.e., schoepite) was observed at pH 7.0 by EXAFS spectra. The findings presented herein play an important role in the removal of radionuclides on inexpensive and available carbon-based nanoparticles in environmental cleanup applications.

Army Institutional Training: Current Status and Future Research

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

one-group posttest 2. two-group posttest only with nonequivalent comparison group 3. two-group pretest - posttest with nonequivalent comparison group...multiple posttests ii. What problems have you encountered in conducting this type of experimental/quasi-experimental research ? 10. If you were...U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Report 1921 Army Institutional Training: Current

Morphologic characteristics of central pulmonary thromboemboli predict haemodynamic response in massive pulmonary embolism.

PubMed

Podbregar, Matej; Voga, Gorazd; Krivec, Bojan

2004-08-01

On hospital admission, the morphology of the central pulmonary artery thromboemboli is an independent predictor of 30-day mortality in patients with massive pulmonary embolism (MPE). This may be due to the differential susceptibility of thromboemboli to thrombolysis. The aim of this study was to assess haemodynamic response to treatment in patients with MPE and morphologically different thromboemboli. Prospective observational study. An 11-bed closed medical ICU at a 860-bed community general hospital. Twelve consecutive patients with shock or hypotension due to MPE and central pulmonary thromboemboli detected by transesophageal echocardiography who were treated with thrombolysis between January 2000 through April 2002. Patients were divided into two groups according to the characteristics of detected central pulmonary thromboemboli: group 1, thrombi with one or more long, mobile parts; and group 2, immobile thrombi. Urokinase infusion was terminated when mixed venous oxygen saturation was stabilized above 60% for 15 min. At 2 h, the total pulmonary vascular resistance index was reduced more in group 1 than group 2 [from 27+/-12 mmHg/(l.min.m(2)) to 14+/-6 mmHg/(l.min.m(2)) (-52%) vs 27+/-8 mmHg/(l.min.m(2)) to 23+/-10 mmHg/(l.min.m(2)) (-15%), respectively, P=0.04]. In group 1 thrombolysis was terminated earlier than group 2 (89+/-40 min vs 210+/-62 min, respectively, P= 0.0024). The cumulative dose of urokinase used in group 1 was lower than group 2 (1.7+/-0.3 M i.u. vs 2.7+/-0.5 M i.u., respectively, P= 0.023). Haemodynamic stabilization is achieved faster in patients with mobile central thromboemboli detected by transesophageal echocardiography during MPE.

Influence of chlorhexidine on dentin adhesive interface micromorphology and nanoleakage expression of resin cements.

PubMed

Stape, Thiago Henrique Scarabello; Menezes, Murilo De Sousa; Barreto, Bruno De Castro Ferreira; Naves, Lucas Zago; Aguiar, Flávio Henrique Baggio; Quagliatto, Paulo Sérgio; Martins, Luís Roberto Marcondes

2013-08-01

This study focused on adhesive interface morphologic characterization and nanoleakage expression of resin cements bonded to human dentin pretreated with 1% chlorhexidine (CHX). Thirty-two non-carious human third molars were ground flat to expose superficial dentin. Resin composite blocks were luted to the exposed dentin using one conventional (RelyX ARC) and one self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U100), with/without CHX pretreatment. Four groups (n = 8) were obtained: control groups (ARC and U100); experimental groups (ARC/CHX and U100/CHX) were pretreated with 1% CHX prior to the luting process. After storage in water for 24 h, the bonded teeth were sectioned into 0.9 × 0.9 mm(2) sticks producing a minimum of 12 sticks per tooth. Four sticks from each tooth were prepared for hybrid layer evaluation by scanning electron microscope analysis. The remaining sticks were immersed in silver nitrate for 24 h for either nanoleakage evaluation along the bonded interfaces or after rupture. Nanoleakage samples were carbon coated and examined using backscattered electron mode. Well-established hybrid layers were observed in the groups luted with RelyX ARC. Nanoleakage evaluation revealed increase nanoleakage in groups treated with CHX for both resin cements. Group U100/CHX exhibited the most pronouncing nanoleakage expression along with porous zones adjacent to the CHX pretreated dentin. The results suggest a possible incompatibility between CHX and RelyX U100 that raises the concern that the use of CHX with self-adhesive cements may adversely affect resin-dentin bond. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Detecting DNA synthesis of neointimal formation after catheter balloon injury in GK and in Wistar rats: using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine.

PubMed

Guo, Jingsheng; Li, Dongye; Bai, Shiru; Xu, Tongda; Zhou, Zhongmin; Zhang, Yanbin

2012-12-13

Neointimal formation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Recently, some studies have shown that 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation can serve as a novel alternative to the 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) antibody detection method for detection of DNA synthesis in regenerating avian cochlea, chick embryo and the adult nervous system. However, few studies have been performed to assess the suitability of EdU for detecting DNA synthesis in vascular neointima. The carotid artery balloon injury model was established in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) and Wistar rats. A Cell-LightTM EdU Kit was used to detect EdU-labeled cell nuclei of common carotid arteries at day 7 after catheter balloon injury. Different methods of injecting EdU were tested. The protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p-Akt (Ser473), as well as the mRNA levels of PCNA were evaluated by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. Immunohistochemical staining was also employed to visualize PCNA-positive cells. At day 7 after catheter balloon injury, far more EdU-positive and PCNA-positive cells were observed in GK rats. When comparing groups that received different EdU doses, it was found that the percentage of EdU-positive cells at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight was than at doses of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. The number of positive cells was significantly higher in the repeated injection group compared to the single injection group. Further, after balloon injury DNA synthesis in GK rats was more notable than in Wistar rats. Neointimal formation in GK rats was more obvious than in Wistar rats. The protein levels of PCNA and p-Akt (Ser473) and the mRNA levels of PCNA were increased in injured rats as compared to uninjured rats, and were significantly higher in GK rats than in Wistar rats. By intraperitoneal injections of EdU at a dose of 100 mg/kg three times, EdU incorporation can detect carotid arterial DNA synthesis caused by neointimal formation in GK rats and Wistar rats at day 7 after balloon injury by the EdU click reaction quickly and effectively. Moreover, more obvious DNA synthesis in the vascular neointima could be observed in GK rats than in Wistar rats.

Lepton flavor violating decays of B and K mesons in models with extended gauge group

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fayyazuddin; Aslam, Muhammad Jamil; Lu, Cai-Dian

2018-05-01

Lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays are forbidden in the Standard Model (SM) and to explore them one has to go beyond it. The flavor changing neutral current induced lepton flavor conserving and LFV decays of K and B mesons is discussed in the gauge group G = SU(2)L × U(1)Y1 × SU(2)X. The lepto-quark Xμ±2/3 corresponding to gauge group SU(2)X allows the quark-lepton transitions and hence giving a framework to construct the effective Lagrangian for the LFV decays. The mass of lepto-quark mX provides a scale at which the gauge group G is broken to the SM gauge group. Using the most stringent experimental limit ℬ(KL0 → μ∓e±) < 1.7 × 10‑12, the upper bound on the effective coupling constant GX GF2 < 1.1 × 10‑10 is obtained for certain pairing of lepton and quark generations in the representation (2,2¯) of the group G. Later, the effective Lagrangian for the LFV meson decays for the gauge group G = [SU(2)L × SU(2)R × U(1)Y1‧] × SU(2)X is constructed. Using ℬ(K‑→ π‑νν¯) = (1.7 ± 1.1) × 10‑10, the bound on the ratio of effective couplings is obtained to be GX GF2 < 10‑10. A number of decay modes are discussed which provide a promising area to test this model in the current and future particle physics experiments.

Quality Control in Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hogarth, Charles P.

The status of quality control in U.S. higher education is discussed with an overview of the functions and structure of public and private colleges and universities. The book is divided into seven chapters: (1) outside controls (accrediting groups, governmental groups and other groups); (2) structure (board of control, president, organization); (3)…

Faint dwarf galaxies in Hickson Compact Group 90*

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ordenes-Briceño, Yasna; Taylor, Matthew A.; Puzia, Thomas H.; Muñoz, Roberto P.; Eigenthaler, Paul; Georgiev, Iskren Y.; Goudfrooij, Paul; Hilker, Michael; Lançon, Ariane; Mamon, Gary; Mieske, Steffen; Miller, Bryan W.; Peng, Eric W.; Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén

2016-12-01

We report the discovery of a very diverse set of five low-surface brightness (LSB) dwarf galaxy candidates in Hickson Compact Group 90 (HCG 90) detected in deep U- and I-band images obtained with Very Large Telescope/Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph. These are the first LSB dwarf galaxy candidates found in a compact group of galaxies. We measure spheroid half-light radii in the range 0.7 ≲ reff/kpc ≲ 1.5 with luminosities of -11.65 ≲ MU ≲ -9.42 and -12.79 ≲ MI ≲ -10.58 mag, corresponding to a colour range of (U - I)0 ≃ 1.1-2.2 mag and surface brightness levels of μU ≃ 28.1 mag arcsec-2 and μI ≃ 27.4 mag arcsec-2. Their colours and luminosities are consistent with a diverse set of stellar population properties. Assuming solar and 0.02 Z⊙ metallicities we obtain stellar masses in the range M*|Z⊙ ≃ 105.7 - 6.3 M⊙ and M_{*}|_{0.02 Z_{⊙} ≃ 10^{6.3-8} M_{⊙}. Three dwarfs are older than 1 Gyr, while the other two significantly bluer dwarfs are younger than ˜2 Gyr at any mass/metallicity combination. Altogether, the new LSB dwarf galaxy candidates share properties with dwarf galaxies found throughout the Local Volume and in nearby galaxy clusters such as Fornax. We find a pair of candidates with ˜2 kpc projected separation, which may represent one of the closest dwarf galaxy pairs found. We also find a nucleated dwarf candidate, with a nucleus size of reff ≃ 46-63 pc and magnitude MU, 0 = -7.42 mag and (U - I)0 = 1.51 mag, which is consistent with a nuclear stellar disc with a stellar mass in the range 104.9 - 6.5 M⊙.

Biosorption and Biomineralization of U(VI) by the Marine Bacterium Idiomarina loihiensis MAH1: Effect of Background Electrolyte and pH

PubMed Central

Morcillo, Fernando; González-Muñoz, María T.; Reitz, Thomas; Romero-González, María E.; Arias, José M.; Merroun, Mohamed L.

2014-01-01

The main goal of this study is to compare the effects of pH, uranium concentration, and background electrolyte (seawater and NaClO4 solution) on the speciation of uranium(VI) associated with the marine bacterium Idiomarina loihiensis MAH1. This was done at the molecular level using a multidisciplinary approach combining X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TRLFS), and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). We showed that the U(VI)/bacterium interaction mechanism is highly dependent upon pH but also the nature of the used background electrolyte played a role. At neutral conditions and a U concentration ranging from 5·10−4 to 10−5 M (environmentally relevant concentrations), XAS analysis revealed that uranyl phosphate mineral phases, structurally resembling meta-autunite [Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2 2–6H2O] are precipitated at the cell surfaces of the strain MAH1. The formation of this mineral phase is independent of the background solution but U(VI) luminescence lifetime analyses demonstrated that the U(VI) speciation in seawater samples is more intricate, i.e., different complexes were formed under natural conditions. At acidic conditions, pH 2, 3 and 4.3 ([U] = 5·10−4 M, background electrolyte  = 0.1 M NaClO4), the removal of U from solution was due to biosorption to Extracellular Polysaccharides (EPS) and cell wall components as evident from TEM analysis. The L III-edge XAS and TRLFS studies showed that the biosorption process observed is dependent of pH. The bacterial cell forms a complex with U through organic phosphate groups at pH 2 and via phosphate and carboxyl groups at pH 3 and 4.3, respectively. The differences in the complexes formed between uranium and bacteria on seawater compared to NaClO4 solution demonstrates that the actinide/microbe interactions are influenced by the three studied factors, i.e., the pH, the uranium concentration and the chemical composition of the solution. PMID:24618567

Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to 0.5% ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block.

PubMed

Koraki, E; Stachtari, C; Kapsokalyvas, I; Stergiouda, Z; Katsanevaki, A; Trikoupi, A

2018-06-01

The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia of ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block. Thirty-seven ASA physical status I-II patients with elective forearm and hand surgery under ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block were randomly divided into 2 groups. Patients in ropivacaine-dexmedetomidine group (group RD, n = 19) received 15 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 100 μg (1 mL) dexmedetomidine, and patients in ropivacaine group (group R, n = 18) received 15 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 1 mL of normal saline. Onset time and duration of sensory and motor block and duration of analgesia were assessed. Duration of sensory block (U-value = 35, P < .001), duration of motor block (P = .001) and duration of analgesia (P < .001) were extended in group RD compared to group R. Onset time of sensory block in group RD was significantly faster than in group R (U-value = 65.5, P = .001). Onset time of motor block showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (U-value = 116.5, P = .096). Adverse reactions were reported only in group RD (bradycardia in 2 and hypotension in 3 patients). Our study indicated that dexmedetomidine 100 μg as adjuvant on ultrasound-guided axillary plexus block significantly prolonged the duration of sensory block and analgesia, as well as accelerated the time to onset of sensory block. These results should be weighed against the increased risks of motor block prolongation, transient bradycardia and hypotension and allow for attentive optimism, only if prolonged clinical trials provide a definitive answer. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Unified gauge theories with right-handed currents and heavy fermions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mohapatra, R.N.

Gauge models with heavy fermions and right-handed currents are discussed based on the gauge groups SU(2)/subA/ x U(1) x SU(4) ', SU(2)/subA/ x SU(2)/subB/ x SU(4) ', and SU(4) x SU(4) ' and are constructed so as to lead to the $delta$I = 1/2 rule. SU(4) x SU(4) ' is advocated as the ultimate unifying gauge group of nature, and it is shown how at various stages of spontaneous breakdown both the SU(2)/subA/ x SU(2)/subB/ x SU(4) ' and SU(2)/subA/ x U(1) x SU(4) ' groups manifest themselves. It is also shown that CP violation takes an interesting complexion inmore » these models and leads to exactly the relations eta/sub +//sub -/ approx. = eta$sub 00$ in K/subL/ $Yields$ 2$pi$ decays. Furthermore, it is shown that the magnitude of CP violation is related to gauge interactions that violate the heavy quark degeneracy. (AIP)« less

First signs and symptoms of spondyloarthritis—data from an inception cohort with a disease course of two years or less (REGISPONSER-Early)

PubMed Central

Rojas-Vargas, Marena; Muñoz-Gomariz, Elisa; Escudero, Alejandro; Font, Pilar; Zarco, Pedro; Almodovar, Raquel; Gratacós, Jordi; Mulero, Juan; Juanola, Xavier; Montilla, Carlos; Moreno, Estefanía

2009-01-01

Objective. To determine the first signs and symptoms, and the clinical, biological and radiological characteristics of patients with early SpA. Methods. A total of 150 SpA patients were selected from 2367 listed in REGISPONSER (Registro Español de Espondiloartritis de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología). The inclusion criterion was a disease course of ⩽2 yrs from the onset of symptoms or the appearance of the first sign of disease. Results. Forty-six patients had AS, 51 psoriatic SpA (Ps-SpA), 43 uSpA, 5 ReA, 4 IBD arthropathy and 1 JCA. The mean age at onset of symptoms and at diagnosis was higher in Ps-SpA group (48.1 ± 13.6 and 48.5 ± 13.6 yrs) than in AS group (38.1 ± 12.8 and 38.9 ± 12.7 yrs) and uSpA group (36.3 ± 11.5 and 36.9 ± 11.4 yrs). The most frequent signs or symptoms were back pain: 72% AS group and 56% uSpA group. Lower limb arthritis was the first symptom in 57% Ps-SpA patients, 35% uSpA patients and 20% AS patients; upper limb arthritis was the first symptom in 53% Ps-SpA group and <16% of the remainder. Compared with longer duration disease, at onset, AS patients report upper limb arthritis more frequently and uSpA patients report more of enthesitis. Early radiological sacroiliitis was observed in all AS patients, of whom 54% had Grade II, 39% had Grade III and 7% had Grade IV. Conclusions. In our population, the first manifestations of SpA were low back pain and SI syndrome in AS and uSpA patients and peripheral arthritis in the Ps-SpA group. We can find early SI joint affectation in AS patients. PMID:19208685

[Internship in a community hospital. Experience gained in the "Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas de Botucatu" (author's transl)].

PubMed

Meira, D A; De Campos, E P; Brasil, M A

1976-01-01

Currently the verification of the equivalence between an University Hospital (U.H.) and a Community Hospital (C.H.), in means of internship accomplishment is an important subject. The F.C.M.B.B. has accumulated experience in this matter, since among the 514 doctors graduated at this school, in the period of 1968 to 1973: 309 accomplished their internship at Botucatu (U.H.); and the remainers 205 at C.H.s. The author's purpose was to try to evaluate the existence, or not, of this equivalence. Thus two different questionnaries were elaborated, one that was answered by two kinds of intern's instructors (total 58): the teaching staff of U.H. (33), and the physicians belonging to the staff of one of the C.H.s. The other was submitted to two groups of ex-interns (total: 73): ex-interns from U.H. (53) and from C.H.s. (20). Both, ex-interns and teachers, were selected by chance. The answers were analysed by stablishing a comparison between the two groups: U.H. and C.H. The results were analysed by chi2 (chi-square) using the Yates correction for 2 X 2 tables. They seem to suggest that there is an equivalence between U.H.s. and C.H.s. in means of internship accomplishment, since certain characteristics are observed by the C.H.s.

Changes in body mass, stature and BMI in South African elite U18 Rugby players from different racial groups from 2002-2012.

PubMed

Durandt, Justin; Green, Mervin; Masimla, Herman; Lambert, Mike

2018-03-01

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences between racial groups for body mass, stature and body mass index (BMI) in South African elite U18 rugby players and whether there were significant changes in these measurements between 2002 and 2012. Self-reported body mass and stature were obtained from U18 players (n = 4007) who attended the national tournament during this period. BMI was calculated for each player.White players were 9.8 kg heavier than black players, who were 2.3 kg heavier than coloured players (P < 0.0001). The body mass of all groups increased from 2002 to 2012 (P < 0.0001). White players were 7.0 cm taller than black players who were 0.5 cm taller than coloured players (P < 0.0001). Players' stature measurements did not change significantly during the study period. The average BMI of white players was 0.9 kg·m -2  greater than black players who were on average 0.7 kg·m -2  greater than coloured players (P < 0.0001). The BMI of all groups changed similarly over the study period. The body mass, stature and BMI of elite under-18 rugby players in South Africa were significantly different between racial groups. This has implications for transforming the game to make it representative of the South African population.

Effects of FGF-23-mediated ERK/MAPK signaling pathway on parathyroid hormone secretion of parathyroid cells in rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

PubMed

Chen, Xiao-Jun; Chen, Xiong; Wu, Wen-Jun; Zhou, Qi; Gong, Xiao-Hua; Shi, Bi-Min

2018-04-10

This study is supposed to investigate the effect of FGF-23 on parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion through ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) rat model. Thirty rats were equally served as the normal and SHPT groups. After transfection, parathyroid cells was assigned into blank, NC, pcDNA3.1-FGF-23, siRNA-FGF-23, U0126, and siRNA-FGF-23 + U0126 groups. The serum levels of Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and PTH were detected. HE and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used for the histopathological changes and the FGF-23, EKR1/2, and pEKR1/2 expressions. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of FGF-23, PTH, MAPK, EKR1/2, and Klotho. The proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle were all measured for parathyroid cells by CCK-8 assay, TUNEL staining and Flow cytometry. Compared with the normal group, the SHPT group showed increased serum levels PTH, P, ALP, and FGF-23 and mRNA and protein expressions of FGF-23 and PTH, whereas declined Ca and p-ERK1/2 expression, mRNA and protein expression of Klotho, cell apoptosis rate was reduced. Furthermore, compared to the blank and NC groups, the pcDNA3.1-FGF-23 and U0126 groups had a decreased mRNA expression of Klotho, protein expression of EKR1/2 and Klotho, and cell apoptosis rate was down-regulated, whereas the RNA and protein expressions of FGF-23 and PTH were up-regulated, and cell proliferation was elevated. The opposite results were observed in the siRNA-FGF-23 group. Our study demonstrated that FGF-23 could inhibit signaling transduction of ERK/MAPK pathway and accelerate the secretion of PTH in rats with SHPT. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Erythropoietin reduces anemia and transfusions after chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin.

PubMed

Dunphy, F R; Dunleavy, T L; Harrison, B R; Boyd, J H; Varvares, M A; Dunphy, C H; Rodriguez, J J; McDonough, E M; Minster, J R; McGrady, M D

1997-04-15

The authors report on anemia observed during preoperative paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma and discuss how the use of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) ameliorates this anemia, reducing the need for subsequent packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions. Response to r-HuEPO was defined as reduced hemoglobin fall during preoperative chemotherapy and reduced transfusion requirements during surgery. Thirty-six patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma were evaluable after treatment with preoperative chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin. Group 1 was comprised of 14 patients who empirically received r-HuEPO at a dose of 150 U/kg 3 times per week for 3 weeks; in patients deemed nonresponders, the dose was increased to 300 U/kg and 450 U/kg in the subsequent courses. Group 2 was comprised of 22 patients who did not receive r-HuEPO. During preoperative chemotherapy, the mean hemoglobin fall was 0.5 g/dL in Group 1 (P = 0.40). In Group 2 there was a statistically significant mean hemoglobin fall of 3.3 g/dL (P < 0.0001). There was also a nonstatistically significant trend toward fewer PRBC transfusions: none of 14 patients (0%) in Group 1 versus 4 of 22 patients (18%) in Group 2 (P = 0.141). A significant fall in hemoglobin and an increase in the need for transfusions were observed in head and neck carcinoma patients receiving carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy prior to surgery. Empiric r-HuEPO therapy appeared to prevent anemia and reduced the need for PRBC transfusions.

Pre-transplant soluble CD30 level as a predictor of not only acute rejection and graft loss but pneumonia in renal transplant recipients.

PubMed

Wang, Dong; Wu, Wei-Zhen; Chen, Jin-Hua; Yang, Shun-Liang; Wang, Qing-Hua; Zeng, Zhang-Xin; Tan, Jian-Ming

2010-02-01

Pre-transplant sera of 586 renal graft recipients were tested to investigate whether soluble CD30 (sCD30) is a useful predictor of some severe clinical episodes post-transplant. Correlation analysis showed sCD30 level was significantly correlated with acute rejection (AR) (r=0.242, P<0.001), graft loss (r=0.162, P<0.001), and pneumonia (r=-0.147, P<0.001). Higher sCD30 levels were observed in patients with AR than the others (180.0+/-89.1 vs. 135.3+/-72.7U/ml, P<0.001). And patients with pneumonia had significantly lower pre-transplant sCD30 level than the others (123.2+/-75.5 vs. 150.7+/-79.6U/ml, P=0.003). Based on statistical results, 120 and 240U/ml were selected as the optimal couple of cut-off value to divide patients into three groups: Group High (H), Group Intermedial (I) and Group Low (L). The lowest AR rate of 17.4% was observed in Group L (P<0.001). Significant difference of AR rate was also observed between Group I (29.2%) and H (42.9%) (P<0.001). There were much more patients suffering pneumonia in Group L (P=0.001). Significantly lower 5-year patient survival rate (79.4%) was observed in Group H (P=0.016). These data showed that elevated pre-transplant sCD30 level of renal allograft recipients may reflect an immune state detrimental for renal allograft survival. But sCD30 level lower than <120U/ml may be associated with a high risk of pneumonia. Pre-transplant sCD30 level is an independent predictor of acute rejection, lung infection, even graft survival. Suitable immunosuppression protocol should be selected according to pre-transplant sCD30 level in an attempt to promote patient and graft survival. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

(13)C MR spectroscopy study of lactate as substrate for rat brain.

PubMed

Qu, H; Håberg, A; Haraldseth, O; Unsgård, G; Sonnewald, U

2000-01-01

In order to address the question whether lactate in blood can serve as a precursor for cerebral metabolites, fully awake rats were injected intravenously with [U-(13)C]lactate or [U-(13)C]glucose followed 15 min later by decapitation. Incorporation of label from [U-(13)C]glucose was seen mainly in glutamate, GABA, glutamine, aspartate, alanine and lactate. More label was found in glutamate than glutamine, underscoring the predominantly neuronal metabolism of pyruvate from [U-(13)C]glucose. It was estimated that the neuronal metabolism of acetyl CoA from glucose accounts for at least 66% and the glial for no more than 34% of the total glucose consumption. When [U-(13)C]lactate was the precursor, label incorporation was similar to that observed from [U-(13)C]glucose, but much reduced. Plasma analysis revealed the presence of approximately equal amounts of [1,2,3-(13)C]- and [1,2-(13)C]glucose, showing gluconeogenesis from [U-(13)C]lactate. It was thus possible that the labeling seen in the cerebral amino acids originated from labeled glucose, not [U-(13)C]lactate. However, the presence of significantly more label in [U-(13)C]- than in [2,3-(13)C]alanine demonstrated that [U-(13)C]lactate did indeed cross the blood-brain barrier, and was metabolized further in the brain. Furthermore, contributions from pyruvate carboxylase (glial enzyme) were detectable in glutamine, glutamate and GABA, and were comparatively more pronounced in the glucose group. This indicated that relatively more pyruvate from lactate than glucose was metabolized in neurons. Surprisingly, the same amount of lactate was synthesized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle in both groups, indicating transfer of neurotransmitters from the neuronal to the astrocytic compartment, as previous studies have shown that this lactate is synthesized primarily in astrocytes. Taking into consideration that astrocytes take up glutamate more avidly than GABA, it is conceivable that neuronal lactate metabolism was more prominent in glutamatergic neurons. Copyright 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel

Environmental contamination by Aspergillus spp. in laying hen farms and associated health risks for farm workers.

PubMed

Cafarchia, Claudia; Camarda, Antonio; Iatta, Roberta; Danesi, Patrizia; Favuzzi, Vincenza; Di Paola, Giancarlo; Pugliese, Nicola; Caroli, Anna; Montagna, Maria Teresa; Otranto, Domenico

2014-03-01

Data on the occurrence and epidemiology of Aspergillus spp. in laying hens farms are scant. With the aims of determining levels of airborne contamination in laying hen farms and evaluating the potential risk of infection for workers and animals, 57 air samples from 19 sheds (Group I), 69 from faeces (Group II), 19 from poultry feedstuffs (Group III) and 60 from three anatomical sites (i.e. nostrils, pharynx, ears) of 20 farm workers (Group IV) were cultured. The Aspergillus spp. prevalence in samples ranged from 31.6% (Group III) to 55.5% (Group IV), whereas the highest conidia concentration was retrieved in Group II (1.2 × 10(4) c.f.u. g(-1)) and in Group III (1.9 × 10(3) c.f.u. g(-1)). The mean concentration of airborne Aspergillus spp. conidia was 70 c.f.u. m(-3) with Aspergillus fumigatus (27.3%) being the most frequently detected species, followed by Aspergillus flavus (6.3%). These Aspergillus spp. were also isolated from human nostrils (40%) and ears (35%) (P<0.05) (Group IV). No clinical aspergillosis was diagnosed in hens. The results demonstrate a relationship between the environmental contamination in hen farms and presence of Aspergillus spp. on animals and humans. Even if the concentration of airborne Aspergillus spp. conidia (i.e. 70 c.f.u. m(-3)) herein detected does not trigger clinical disease in hens, it causes human colonization. Correct management of hen farms is necessary to control environmental contamination by Aspergillus spp., and could lead to a significant reduction of animal and human colonization.

The Use of ICT to Support Students with Dyslexia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diraä, Nadia; Engelen, Jan; Ghesquière, Pol; Neyens, Koen

The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (K.U.Leuven) has a tradition of supporting students with a disability in order to guarantee equal opportunities to achieve their educational, personal and vocational goals. The K.U.Leuven policy is working towards inclusive education in the long term, by improving facilities and accommodation for certain target groups in the short term. Efforts have also been directed to make the learning environment more accessible for all kind of students, especially over the last few years. One of the target groups that has increasing numbers are students with learning disabilities (including dyslexia, dyscalculia, ...). To accommodate these students, the K.U.Leuven set off a project to evaluate the use of assistive technology (AT) for dyslexia. This small-scale study examined the experiences of two groups of students with dyslexia using 2 different software programs specifically developed to support this group of students. It was apparent that for students with dyslexia, reading and studying presents additional limitations which AT could facilitate to some extent.

[Status of vitamin A, vitamin B2, iron and an-oxidantive activity in anemic pregnant women in China].

PubMed

Yang, Fang; Ma, Ai-Guo; Zhang, Xiu-Zhen; Jiang, Dian-Chen

2006-05-01

To investigate the status of vitamin A(VA), vitamin B2 (VB2), iron and anoxidative function in anemic and non-anemic pregnant women. 426 anemic and 36 non-anemic pregnant women were included in the study. The survey of 24-hour's diet recall of pregnant women was made to evaluate intake of iron, VB2, folic acid, etc by the nutrition software provided by Beijing 301 hospital, iron and VA were measured by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and by high-pressure liquid chromatography. VB2 status was detected using the assay for erythrocyte glutathione reductase (Egr; EC 1.6.4.2) activity. SOD and GSH-Px activities and MDA were determined using commercial kits. Peripheral blood erythrocyte membrane fluidity was detected by using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene as a probe, the degree of fluorescence polarization (P) at 25 degrees C of disrupted cells plasma membranes were compared for a variety of systems. Median intakes of protein and vitamin C met the current Chinese RNIs for pregnancy, whereas intakes of(VA) and VB2 were well below the recommendations. Intake of iron were above 90%, but the main sources of iron are vegetables. Plasma VA (1.25 micromol/L) and iron (20.57 microg/L) were lower, BGRAC (1.79) was higher than that in non-anemia group (VA 1.57 micromol/L, SF 33.16 microg/L, BGRAC 1.52). The level of plasma SOD (77.1U/ml) and the activity of GSH-Px (61.9U) were lower than those in non-anemia group (92.2U/ml, 71.6U, P < 0.05), while MDA (4.58 nmol/ml) level and erythrocyte membrane (P = 0.2622, eta = 2.7465) fluidity were higher than those non-anemia group(MDA = 3.78 nmol/ ml, P = 0.2360, eta = 2.3658). Plasam VA, VB2 and iron, antioxidantcapacity and erythrocyte membrane fluidity were decreased in the anemic pregnant women.

Administration of human recombinant activated protein C is not associated with pancreatic parenchymal haemorrhage in L-arginine-induced experimental acute pancreatitis.

PubMed

Jamdar, Saurabh; Babu, Benoy I; Nirmalan, Mahesh; Jeziorska, Maria; McMahon, Raymond F T; Siriwardena, Ajith K

2013-11-10

Microvascular thrombosis is a critical event in severe acute pancreatitis. Human recombinant activated protein C (Xigris®, Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN, USA) modulates the interplay between pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant pathways and maintains microvascular patency. However, the anticoagulant properties of Xigris® may precipitate bleeding from the inflamed pancreas. This study tests the hypothesis that Xigris® can ameliorate experimental acute pancreatitis without causing pancreatic haemorrhage. Sprague Dawley rats were allocated as follows: Group 1: control (n=7); Group 2: acute pancreatitis (n=6); Group 3: administration of Xigris® 500 µg/kg body weight before induction of acute pancreatitis (n=6); and Group 4: Administration of Xigris® 500 µg/kg body weight 30 minutes after induction of acute pancreatitis (n=6). Acute pancreatitis was induced by intraperitoneal administration of L-arginine 300 mg/100 g body weight. Animals were sacrificed at 48 hours and biochemical, haematological, and histological markers of pancreatic haemorrhage and inflammation assessed. Median lipase in animals with acute pancreatitis was 10 U/mL (range: 7-16 U/mL) compared to 5.5 (range: 3-8 U/mL) in controls (P=0.028). Lipase was also elevated in animals given Xigris® both before (12 U/mL, range: 8-22 U/mL; P=0.031 vs. control group) and after (46 U/mL, range: 9-71 U/mL; P=0.015 vs. control group) induction of acute pancreatitis). Haemoglobin levels were similar among all groups (P=0.323). There was no histological evidence of pancreatic haemorrhage in animals treated with Xigris®. Pre-treatment with Xigris® was associated with a significant reduction in pancreatic injury. This effect was absent when Xigris® was administered after induction of acute pancreatitis. Xigris® did not lead to pancreatic haemorrhage in experimental acute pancreatitis. Administration of Xigris® prior to induction of acute pancreatitis was associated with amelioration of injury. This effect was not seen with administration of Xigris® after induction of acute pancreatitis.

[Impaired endometrial receptivity in primary infertility in women with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia and hereditary thrombophilia].

PubMed

Zanozin, A S; Demura, T A; Kolosovsky, D Yu; Faizullina, N M; Kogan, E A

The concurrence of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (uCTD) and hereditary thrombophilia (HT) often accompanies female infertility, in the pathogenesis of which impaired endometrial receptivity plays an important role. to investigate endometrial morphological and immunophenotypic features in patients with primary infertility in the presence of uCTD and HT. The pipelle endometrial biopsy specimens taken in the implantation window were examined in 81 patients, including 13 women with a clinical diagnosis of uCTD, 40 with HT, 19 with uCTD concurrent with HT, and in a control group of 9 heathy surrogate mothers. Morphological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric examinations were done to study the paraffin-embedded endometrial biopsy sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, pikrofuksin by van Gieson, and with toluidine blue. Immunohistochemical tests were carried out using primary antibodies against ER, PgR, LIF, PAI-1, VEGF, Collagen I, Collagen III, fibronectin, laminin, MMP-2, and MMP-9. The uCTD, HT, and uCTD + HT groups were found to have signs of decreased endometrial receptivity as dramatically lower counts of mature pinopodes, slower endometrial maturation, reduced expression of the receptivity marker LIF, and deviations of the stromal progesterone-estrogen index from the normal value. Sclerotic foci with type III collagen accumulation were detected in the endometrial stroma. uCTD and HT and especially their concurrence are commonly a concomitant disease and risk factors for infertility in women due to impaired endometrial receptivity. In uCTD, connective tissue remodeling processes are substantially retarded, which ultimately leads to increased processes of endometrial stromal sclerosis, reduced endometrial receptivity, and infertility. The most pronounced morphological and immunophenotypical changes have been ascertained to develop in the uCTD + NT group. The findings may be used to predict and devise new infertility treatments in patients with uCTD + NT.

A booster dose of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine in chinese young children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

PubMed

Shenyu, Wang; Jingxin, Li; Zhenglun, Liang; Xiuling, Li; Qunying, Mao; Fanyue, Meng; Hua, Wang; Yuntao, Zhang; Fan, Gao; Qinghua, Chen; Yuemei, Hu; Xin, Yao; Huijie, Guo; Fengcai, Zhu

2014-10-01

A significant waning of enterovirus 71 (EV71) antibody titer after priming immunization with an inactivated EV71 vaccine implied the potential need for a booster dose. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we recruited participants who had received at least 1 dose of priming EV71 vaccine in an early phase 2 clinical trial that was conducted in healthy infants and children aged 6-35 months. All participants were grouped according to the priming EV71 vaccine formulations (160 U, 320 U, and 640 U with adjuvant and 640 U without adjuvant) and then randomly assigned (ratio, 2:1) to receive a booster dose of vaccine or placebo within each formulation group. The primary end point was the geometric mean titer 28 days after the booster dose. A total of 773 participants were enrolled. Significantly greater immunological responses were induced by the booster shot of all 4 formulations of EV71 vaccine, compared with that induced by placebo (P < .0001). The frequencies of adverse reactions were similar between vaccine and placebo groups within each formulation group. A booster dose of EV71 vaccine 1 year after the priming EV71 immunization shows excellent immunogenicity and good safety profile. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01734408. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

[The effect of urokinase on hepatic fibrogenesis in rats].

PubMed

Wu, Xi-run; Wang, Qi; Wang, Ling; Shi, Shui-sheng; Guo, Wen-dong

2009-12-01

To investigate the effect of urokinase on hepatic fibrogenesis in rats. Hepatic fibrosis was induced in rats by complex pathogenic factors including subcutaneous injections of carbon tetrachloride, alcohol and cholesterol feeding. Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, hepatic fibrosis group (complex pathogenic factors for 6 weeks), UK prevention group (complex pathogenic factors+UK for 6 weeks). The animals were sacrificed at the end of week 6. The expression of alpha-SMA, uPA, PAI-1, TGFb1, TIMP-1, collagen type I and type III proteins in hepatic fibrosis tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, the expression of PAI-1 and TGFb1 mRNA in the hepatic fibrosis tissue was quantified by real time RT-PCR. The serum levels of hyaluronicacid (HA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin (TBil) and the content of liver hydroxyproline (Hyp) were detected using ELISA kits. The serum ALT, AST, TBil, HA and the content of liver Hyp were (46.66+/-6.30) U/L, (126.26+/-31.65) U/L, (31.11+/-4.20) micromol/L, (109.70+/-18.81) microg/L and (0.98+/-0.09) mg/(g liver), respectively, in UK prevention group, which were significantly lower than those [(101.57+/-11.97) U/L, (205.89+/-56.26) U/L, (67.75+/-2.75) micromol/L, (184.43+/-32.36) microg/L and (1.65+/-0.16) mg/(g liver), respectively] in hepatic fibrosis group (q = 3.3801-20.0061, P < 0.01). The levels of a-SMA, collagen type I, type III, TIMP-1, PAI-1, TGFb1 proteins were (299.27+/-37.36), (210.05+/-27.17), (192.94+/-24.48), (213.70+/-32.21), (204.25+/-17.92), (205.97+/-23.81), respectively, in UK prevention group, which were significantly lower than those [(418.83+/-30.21), (323.77+/-21.53), (302.37+/-31.43), (376.63+/-25.19), (313.53+/-26.67) and (327.42+/-36.75), respectively] in hepatic fibrosis group. The level of uPA protein was increased, and the expression of PAI-1, TGFb1 mRNA in hepatic fibrosis tissue was decreased in UK prevention group. In the early stage of hepatic fibrogenesis, urokinase can attenuate the progression of rat hepatic fibrosis via upregulation of uPA, downregulation of TGFb1, and inhibition of HSC activation.

Deep intraspecific DNA barcode splits and hybridisation in the Udea alpinalis group (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Crambidae) – an integrative revision

PubMed Central

Mally, Richard; Huemer, Peter; Nuss, Matthias

2018-01-01

Abstract The analysis of mitochondrial COI data for the European-Centroasian montane Udea alpinalis species group finds deep intraspecific splits. Specimens of U. austriacalis and U. rhododendronalis separate into several biogeographical groups. These allopatric groups are not recovered in the analyses of the two nuclear markers wingless and Elongation factor 1-alpha, except for U. austriacalis from the Pyrenees and the French Massif Central. The latter populations are also morphologically distinct and conspecific with Scopula donzelalis Guenée, 1854, which is removed from synonymy and reinstated as Udea donzelalis (Guenée, 1854) stat. rev. Furthermore, Udea altaica (Zerny, 1914), stat. n. from the Mongolian central Altai mountains, U. juldusalis (Zerny, 1914), stat. n. from the Tian Shan mountains of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and NW China, and U. plumbalis (Zerny, 1914), stat. n. from the Sayan Mountains of Northern Mongolia are raised to species level, and lectotypes are designated. Evidence of introgression of U. alpinalis into U. uliginosalis at three localities in the Central Alps is presented. A screening for Wolbachia using the markers wsp, gatB and ftsZ was negative for the U. alpinalis species group, but Wolbachia was found in single specimens of U. fulvalis and U. olivalis (both in the U. numeralis species group). We do not find evidence for the conjecture of several authors of additional subspecies in U. rhododendronalis, and synonymise U. rhododendronalis luquetalis Leraut, 1996, syn. n. and U. r. ventosalis Leraut, 1996, syn. n. with the nominal U. rhododendronalis (Duponchel, 1834). PMID:29674896

[Clinical values of single or repeated triptorelin stimulating test in the differential diagnosis between idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and constitutional delayed puberty].

PubMed

Mao, Jiang-Feng; Wu, Xue-Yan; Lu, Shuang-Yu; Nie, Min

2011-10-01

To investigate the values of single or repeated luteinizing hormone (LH) releasing hormone analogue (triptorelin) stimulating test in the differential diagnosis between idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) and constitutional delayed puberty (CDP). Male patients (n = 133) without puberty onset after the age of 14 were recruited for triptorelin stimulating test and were followed up for 24 - 48 months until the diagnosis were confirmed: 86 were IHH and the other 47 were CDP. Repeated triptorelin stimulating tests were conducted in 9 IHH patients and 13 CDP patients one year after the first stimulating tests with an attempt to evaluate the dynamic change of hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis function. The relationship between the final diagnosis and the peak LH value (LH(max)), and the changes of repeated LH(max) were investigated. In the single triptorelin stimulating test, LH(max) was (1.9 +/- 1.2) U/L in IHH group, which was significantly lower than that in CDP group [(13.7 +/- 8.3) U/L] (P < 0.01); 75 IHH patients (87.2%) had a LH(max) lower than 4 U/L, while only 2 CDP patients (4.3%) had a LH(max) lower than 4 U/L. When LH(max) < 4U/L was used as a criteria for the diagnosis of IHH, the single triptorelin stimulating test had a sensitivity of 87.2%, a specificity of 95.7%, and a positive predictive value of 97.4%. The repeated triptorelin stimulating tests performed one year later showed that the LH(max) in the 9 IHH patients increased from (4.7 +/- 2.5) U/L to (5.1 +/- 3.3) U/L (P = 0.78), while that in the 13 CDP patients increased from (10.7 +/- 3.3) U/L to (24.5 +/- 5.7) U/L (P < 0.05). A single triptorelin stimulating test is highly effective in differentiating IHH from CDP. For some patients without definitive diagnosis, a repeated triptorelin stimulating test performed one year later may provide more valuable information on the dynamic change of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis function.

Criteria and Thresholds for U.S. Navy Acoustic and Explosive Effects Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-04-01

2  2.2  Functional hearing groups... Functions ....................................................................................... 5  2.3.1  Development of marine mammal auditory weighting... functions .................... 5  2.3.2  Navy marine mammal weighting functions .................................................. 10  2.4  Criteria

[Comparison of the effect of different diagnostic criteria of subclinical hypothyroidism and positive TPO-Ab on pregnancy outcomes].

PubMed

He, Yiping; He, Tongqiang; Wang, Yanxia; Xu, Zhao; Xu, Yehong; Wu, Yiqing; Ji, Jing; Mi, Yang

2014-11-01

To explore the effect of different diagnositic criteria of subclinical hypothyroidism using thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab) on the pregnancy outcomes. 3 244 pregnant women who had their antenatal care and delivered in Child and Maternity Health Hospital of Shannxi Province August from 2011 to February 2013 were recruited prospectively. According to the standard of American Thyroid Association (ATA), pregnant women with normal serum free thyroxine (FT4) whose serum TSH level> 2.50 mU/L were diagnosed as subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy (foreign standard group). According to the Guideline of Diagnosis and Therapy of Prenatal and Postpartum Thyroid Disease made by Chinese Society of Endocrinology and Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine in 2012, pregnant women with serum TSH level> 5.76 mU/L, and normal FT4 were diagnosed as subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy(national standard group). Pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism whose serum TSH levels were between 2.50-5.76 mU/L were referred as the study observed group; and pregnant women with serum TSH level< 2.50 mU/L and negative TPO- Ab were referred as the control group. Positive TPO-Ab results and the pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. (1) There were 635 cases in the foreign standard group, with the incidence of 19.57% (635/3 244). And there were 70 cases in the national standard group, with the incidence of 2.16% (70/3 244). There were statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). There were 565 cases in the study observed group, with the incidence of 17.42% (565/3 244). There was statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) when compared with the national standard group; while there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) when compared with the foreign standard group. (2) Among the 3 244 cases, 402 cases had positive TPO-Ab. 318 positive cases were in the foreign standard group, and the incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 79.10% (318/402). There were 317 negative cases in the foreign standard group, with the incidence of 11.15% (317/2 842). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01) between them. In the national standard group, 46 cases had positive TPO-Ab, with the incidence of 11.44% (46/402), and 24 cases had negative result, with the incidence of 0.84% (24/2 842). There were statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) between them. In the study observed group, 272 cases were TPO-Ab positive, with the incidence of 67.66% (272/402), and 293 cases were negative, with the incidence of 10.31% (293/2 842), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). (3) The incidence of miscarriage, premature delivery, gestational hypertension disease, gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in the foreign standard group had statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) when compared with the control group, respectively. While there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the incidence of placental abruption or fetal distress. And the incidence of miscarriage, premature delivery, gestational hypertension disease, GDM in the national standard group had statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with the control group, respectively. While there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the incidence of placental abruption or fetal distress. This study observed group of pregnant women's abortion, gestational hypertension disease, GDM incidence respectively compared with control group, the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05); but in preterm labor, placental abruption, and fetal distress incidence, there were no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). (4) The incidence of miscarriage, premature delivery, gestational hypertension disease, GDM, placental abruption, fetal distress in the TPO-Ab positive cases of the national standard group showed an increase trend when compared with TPO-Ab negative cases, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The incidence of gestational hypertension disease and GDM in the TPO-Ab positive cases of the study observed group had statistical significance difference (P < 0.05) when compared with TPO-Ab negative cases; while the incidence of miscarriage, premature birth, placental abruption, fetal distress had no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The incidence of gestational hypertension disease and GDM in the TPO-Ab positive cases had statistically significance difference when compared with TPO-Ab negtive cases of foreign standard group (P < 0.05). (1) The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism is rather high during early pregnancy and can lead to adverse pregnancy outcome. (2) Positive TPO-Ab result has important predictive value of the thyroid dysfunction and GDM. (3) Relatively, the ATA standard of diagnosis (serum TSH level> 2.50 mU/L) is safer for the antenatal care; the national standard (serum TSH level> 5.76 mU/L) is not conducive to pregnancy management.

Removal of uranium from aqueous solution by a low cost and high-efficient adsorbent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yun-Hai; Wang, You-Qun; Zhang, Zhi-Bin; Cao, Xiao-Hong; Nie, Wen-Bin; Li, Qin; Hua, Rong

2013-05-01

In this study, a low-cost and high-efficient carbonaceous adsorbent (HTC-COOH) with carboxylic groups was developed for U(VI) removal from aqueous solution compared with the pristine hydrothermal carbon (HTC). The structure and chemical properties of resultant adsorbents were characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform-infrared spectra (FT-IR) and acid-base titration. The key factors (solution pH, contact time, initial U(VI) concentrations and temperature) affected the adsorption of U(VI) on adsorbents were investigated using batch experiments. The adsorption of U(VI) on HTC and HTC-COOH was pH-dependent, and increased with temperature and initial ion concentration. The adsorption equilibrium of U(VI) on adsorbents was well defined by the Langmuir isothermal equation, and the monolayer adsorption capacity of HTC-COOH was found to be 205.8 mg/g. The kinetics of adsorption was very in accordance with the pseudo-second-order rate model. The adsorption processes of U(VI) on HTC and HTC-COOH were endothermic and spontaneous in nature according to the thermodynamics of adsorption. Furthermore, HTC-COOH could selectively adsorption of U(VI) in aqueous solution containing co-existing ions (Mg2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Mn2+). From the results of the experiments, it is found that the HTC-COOH is a potential adsorbent for effective removal of U(VI) from polluted water.

In Vitro Retentive Effect of Groove, Sandblasting, and Cement Type on Stainless Steel Crowns in Primary Molars.

PubMed

Pathak, Sidhant; Shashibhushan, K K; Bharath, K P; Poornima, P; Reddy, V V Subba

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of placing vertical grooves, sandblasting, and luting cements on the retention of stainless steel crowns (SSCs). Eighty extracted primary molars were mounted in acrylic blocks. Specimens were divided into Group 1 (RelyX U200) and Group 2 (Smart Cem2). Teeth in each group were further subdivided into Subgroup A (no vertical grooves and no sandblasting), Subgroup B (vertical grooves), Subgroup C (sandblasting of crowns), and Subgroup D (vertical grooves and sandblasting of crowns). After cementation, SSCs were pulled off using a universal testing machine. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analyses. In Groups 1 and 2, the highest retentive strengths were found in Subgroup D (1,124 and 783 kPa, respectively), followed by Subgroup C (1,066 and 748 kPa, respectively), Subgroup A (762 and 356 kPa, respectively), and Subgroup B (743 and 314 kPa, respectively). Retentive strength in Group one was significantly higher than in Group two; Subgroups A and B were significantly lower than C and D. RelyX U200 showed higher retentive strength than Smart Cem2. Sandblasting increased the retention strength, whereas a vertical groove had no significant effect on retention.

Randomized Comparative Study of the U- and H-Type Approaches of the TVT-Secur Procedure for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: One-Year Follow-Up

PubMed Central

Kim, Jung Jun; Lee, Young-Suk

2010-01-01

Purpose We compared outcomes of the U- and H-type approaches of the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT)-Secur procedure for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Materials and Methods From March 2007 to July 2008, 115 women with SUI underwent TVT-Secur by a single surgeon. Patients were randomly assigned to either the U- or the H-type approach. After 12 months, postoperative changes in the Sandvik questionnaire, incontinence quality of life questionnaire (I-QoL), Bristol female lower urinary tract symptoms-scored form (BFLUTS-SF), and postoperative patient satisfaction were evaluated. Cure was regarded as no leakage on the Sandvik questionnaire. Complications were also evaluated. Results Of 115 women, 53 were treated with the U approach, and 62 women were treated with the H approach. At 12 months, 88.7% of those treated with the U approach and 87.1% of those treated with the H approach were cured (p=0.796). The I-QoL and filling, incontinence, sexual function, and QoL sum (BFLUTS-SF) scores were improved with both approaches, and there were no significant differences in the degree of improvement between approaches. Approximately 83.7% and 82.9% of the women treated with the U and H approaches, respectively, were satisfied with the outcome (p=0.858). There were 3 cases of intra-operative vaginal wall perforation in the H-type group. Immediate postoperative retention was observed in 2 women in the U-type group and 1 woman in the H-type group. One woman in the U-type group underwent tape releasing and cutting procedures for persistent large post-void residuals. Conclusions The U- and the H-type approaches of the TVT-Secur procedure provided comparable effectiveness for the treatment of female SUI. PMID:20428427

Detecting early kidney damage in horses with colic by measuring matrix metalloproteinase -9 and -2, other enzymes, urinary glucose and total proteins

PubMed Central

Arosalo, Bela M; Raekallio, Marja; Rajamäki, Minna; Holopainen, Elina; Kastevaara, Tuulia; Salonen, Hanna; Sankari, Satu

2007-01-01

Background The aim of the study was to investigate urine matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and -9) activity, alkaline phosphatase/creatinine (U-AP/Cr) and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase/creatinine (U-GGT/Cr) ratios, glucose concentration, and urine protein/creatinine (U-Prot/Cr) ratio and to compare data with plasma MMP-2 and -9 activity, cystatin-C and creatinine concentrations in colic horses and healthy controls. Horses with surgical colic (n = 5) were compared to healthy stallions (n = 7) that came for castration. Blood and urine samples were collected. MMP gelatinolytic activity was measured by zymography. Results We found out that horses with colic had significantly higher urinary MMP-9 complex and proMMP-9 activities than horses in the control group. Colic horses also had higher plasma MMP-2 activity than the control horses. Serum creatinine, although within reference range, was significantly higher in the colic horses than in the control group. There was no significant increase in urinary alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase or total proteins in the colic horses compared to the control group. A human cystatin-C test (Dako Cytomation latex immunoassay® based on turbidimetry) did not cross react with equine cystatin-C. Conclusion The results indicate that plasma MMP-2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of equine colic and urinary MMP-9 in equine kidney damage. PMID:17244354

77 FR 44503 - Maintaining Access to Emergency Liquidity

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-30

... strategies for addressing liquidity shortfalls in emergency situations. The NPRM also requires FICUs with... corporate credit union that is in turn part of the agent group headed by U.S. Central Bridge Corporate... regular members of the CLF and not members of a corporate credit union. \\2\\ NCUA established U.S. Central...

42 CFR 52h.3 - Establishment and operation of peer review groups.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... GRANTS SCIENTIFIC PEER REVIEW OF RESEARCH GRANT APPLICATIONS AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT... Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. appendix 2) and chapter 9 of the DHHS General... listed in 45 CFR 5.31 and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing...

Engaging US Business in Support of National Security Objectives Task Group Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-16

meetings of the Business Round Table, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce , and the National Association of REPORT FY08-1 2 Defense Business Board...Round Table, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce , and the National Association of Manufacturers are representative high-level fora where such dialogue would

[Overexpressed miRNA-134b inhibits proliferation and invasion of CD133+ U87 glioma stem cells].

PubMed

Liu, Yifeng; Zhang, Baochao; Wen, Changming; Wen, Gongling; Zhou, Guoping; Zhang, Jingwei; He, Haifa; Wang, Ning; Li, Wei

2017-05-01

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-134b (miR-134b) in the tumorigenesis of glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the possible molecular mechanism. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to evalate the expression of miR-134b in CD133 + and CD133 - U87 GSCs. A lentiviral vector overexpressing miR-134b in U87 GSCs was constructed, and the effect of miR-134b overexpression on matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and MMP-12 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Transwell TM assay was performed to determine the effect of miR-134b overexpression on GSCs invasion ability. Tumor xenograft models in nude mice were established to evaluate the effect of miR-134b overexpression on tumorgenesis in vivo. Results The qRT-PCR showed that, compared with CD133 - cells, miR-134b was significantly down-regulated in CD133 + cells. Cell line over-expressing miR-134b was successfully established, and miR-134b was up-regulated significantly compared with empty vector control. Overexpression of miR-134b remarkably inhibited the invasion of U87 GSCs and the expression of MMP-12. However, overexpression of miR-134b did not affect MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions. miR-134b also suppressed U87 GSCs xenograft growth in vivo. Tumor volume in tumor xenograft model group was significantly lower than that in control group, and tumor weight decreased by 42% in the former group. Conclusion Overexpression of miR-134b inhibits the growth and invasion of CD133 + GSCs.

Multisample adjusted U-statistics that account for confounding covariates.

PubMed

Satten, Glen A; Kong, Maiying; Datta, Somnath

2018-06-19

Multisample U-statistics encompass a wide class of test statistics that allow the comparison of 2 or more distributions. U-statistics are especially powerful because they can be applied to both numeric and nonnumeric data, eg, ordinal and categorical data where a pairwise similarity or distance-like measure between categories is available. However, when comparing the distribution of a variable across 2 or more groups, observed differences may be due to confounding covariates. For example, in a case-control study, the distribution of exposure in cases may differ from that in controls entirely because of variables that are related to both exposure and case status and are distributed differently among case and control participants. We propose to use individually reweighted data (ie, using the stratification score for retrospective data or the propensity score for prospective data) to construct adjusted U-statistics that can test the equality of distributions across 2 (or more) groups in the presence of confounding covariates. Asymptotic normality of our adjusted U-statistics is established and a closed form expression of their asymptotic variance is presented. The utility of our approach is demonstrated through simulation studies, as well as in an analysis of data from a case-control study conducted among African-Americans, comparing whether the similarity in haplotypes (ie, sets of adjacent genetic loci inherited from the same parent) occurring in a case and a control participant differs from the similarity in haplotypes occurring in 2 control participants. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

How to find the optimal partner--studies of snurportin 1 interactions with U snRNA 5' TMG-cap analogues containing modified 2-amino group of 7-methylguanosine.

PubMed

Piecyk, Karolina; Niedzwiecka, Anna; Ferenc-Mrozek, Aleksandra; Lukaszewicz, Maciej; Darzynkiewicz, Edward; Jankowska-Anyszka, Marzena

2015-08-01

Snurportin 1 is an adaptor protein that mediates the active nuclear import of uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs (U snRNA) by the importin-β receptor pathway. Its cellular activity influences the overall transport yield of small ribonucleoprotein complexes containing N(2),N(2),7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) capped U snRNA. So far little is still known about structural requirements related to molecular recognition of the trimethylguanosine moiety by snurportin in solution. Since these interactions are of a great biomedical importance, we synthesized a series of new 7-methylguanosine cap analogues with extended substituents at the exocyclic 2-amino group to gain a deeper insight into how the TMG-cap is adapted into the snurportin cap-binding pocket. Prepared chemical tools were applied in binding assays using emission spectroscopy. Surprisingly, our results revealed strict selectivity of snurportin towards the TMG-cap structure that relied mainly on its structural stiffness and compactness. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A point-of-care assessment of the effects of desmopressin on impaired platelet function using multiple electrode whole-blood aggregometry in patients after cardiac surgery.

PubMed

Weber, Christian F; Dietrich, Wulf; Spannagl, Michael; Hofstetter, Christian; Jámbor, Csilla

2010-03-01

Blood loss after cardiac surgery can be caused by acquired platelet dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass. Monitoring of platelet function is clinically important for the identification of patients experiencing such platelet dysfunction. 1-Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin acetate, DDAVP) has been shown to augment platelet function and to reduce blood loss in patients with platelet dysfunction. In this study, we examined the feasibility of whole blood multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) for the detection of cardiopulmonary bypass-induced platelet dysfunction and investigated its ability to monitor DDAVP treatment. Fifty-eight consecutive patients with blood loss exceeding 150 mL/h in the first 2 consecutive hours after cardiac surgery were screened for suspected isolated platelet dysfunction. Twenty-two patients had suspected isolated platelet dysfunction and were enrolled in the study. Platelet dysfunction was assumed if conventional coagulation analyses (platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, and fibrinogen) did not show abnormal values as defined for transfusion of allogenic blood products, and no surgical cause of bleeding was suspected. Eleven patients received 0.3 microg/kg DDAVP, and 11 patients received no therapy in a nonrandomized manner. MEA was performed after stimulation with thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAPtest, 32 microM), adenosine diphosphate (ADPtest, 6.4 microM), and arachidonic acid (ASPItest, 0.5 mM) before and 2 hours after intervention. Conventional laboratory variables were recorded. The Mann-Whitney test was used to detect differences between the groups, and the Wilcoxon test was used to detect differences before and after intervention. All enrolled patients showed platelet dysfunction that manifested as impaired platelet aggregation in MEA before intervention. After the intervention, platelet function improved in the DDAVP group (49 U [30/72 U], median [25th/75th percentile] postintervention vs 15 U [8/21 U] preintervention for the ASPItest [P < 0.001]; 35 U [24/54 U] vs 14 U [7/28 U] for the ADPtest [P = 0.002]; and 85 U [66/115 U] vs 64 U [26/88 U] for the TRAPtest [P = 0.007]). In contrast, MEA remained unchanged in the control group (22 U [10/50 U] postintervention vs 33 U [14/57 U] preintervention for the ASPItest [P = 0.175]; 17 U [12/20 U] vs 14 U [10/28 U] for the ADPtest [P = 0.147]; and 65 U [41/89 U] vs 57 U [30/91 U] for the TRAPtest [P = 0.123]). Impaired platelet function after cardiac surgery can be assessed at the bedside using MEA. The effect of DDAVP on impaired platelet function can also be detected as significant improvement in platelet aggregation to all activators. This device might be helpful for the identification of patients who may benefit from DDAVP therapy.

Phase II randomized trial comparing high-dose IFN-α2b with temozolomide plus cisplatin as systemic adjuvant therapy for resected mucosal melanoma.

PubMed

Lian, Bin; Si, Lu; Cui, Chuanliang; Chi, Zhihong; Sheng, Xinan; Mao, Lili; Li, Siming; Kong, Yan; Tang, Bixia; Guo, Jun

2013-08-15

Mucosal melanoma is rare and associated with extremely poor prognosis. However, standard adjuvant therapy for mucosal melanoma has not been established. We conducted a randomized phase II clinical trial in patients with resected mucosal melanoma to compare the efficacy and safety of high-dose IFN-α2b (HDI) and temozolomide-based chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy. Patients with mucosal melanoma in stage II/III after surgery were randomized into three groups: observation group (group A, surgery alone), HDI group (group B, treated with 15 × 10(6) U/m(2)/d IFN-α2b, followed by 9 × 10(6) U IFN-α2b), and temozolomide (200 mg/m(2)/d) plus cisplatin (75 mg/m(2)) group (group C). The endpoints were relapse-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicities. One hundred and eighty-nine patients were enrolled and finally analyzed. With a median follow-up of 26.8 months, the median RFS was 5.4, 9.4, and 20.8 months for group A, B, and C, respectively. Estimated median OS for group A, B, and C was 21.2, 40.4, and 48.7 months, respectively. Patients treated with temozolomide plus cisplatin showed significant improvements in RFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P < 0.01) than those treated with either HDI or surgery alone. Toxicities were generally mild to moderate. Both temozolomide-based chemotherapy and HDI are effective and safe as adjuvant therapies for resected mucosal melanoma as compared with observation alone. However, HDI tends to be less effective than temozolomide-based chemotherapy for patients with resected mucosal melanoma in respect to RFS. The temozolomide plus cisplatin regimen might be a better choice for patients with resected mucosal melanoma. ©2013 AACR.

Impact of borderline-subclinical hypothyroidism on subsequent pregnancy outcome in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.

PubMed

Uchida, Sayaka; Maruyama, Tetsuo; Kagami, Maki; Miki, Fumie; Hihara, Hanako; Katakura, Satomi; Yoshimasa, Yushi; Masuda, Hirotaka; Uchida, Hiroshi; Tanaka, Mamoru

2017-06-01

Because subclinical hypothyroidism (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] > 4.5 IU/mL) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcome, including early pregnancy loss, TSH is recommended to be titrated to ≤2.5 mIU/L in levothyroxine-treated women before pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether borderline-subclinical hypothyroidism (borderline-SCH; 2.5 < TSH ≤ 4.5 IU/mL) affects the outcome of subsequent pregnancies in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (uRPL). After workup for antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-phospholipid syndrome, thrombophilia, uterine abnormalities, hormone disorders, and/or chromosomal abnormalities, 317 women with a history of uRPL were enrolled. The women were classified into two groups: borderline-SCH, and euthyroidism (0.3 ≤ TSH ≤ 2.5 IU/mL). All women had normal serum free thyroxine (T4) and did not receive levothyroxine before or during the subsequent pregnancy. There were no significant differences in age, number of previous pregnancy losses, number of live births, or body mass index between the borderline-SCH (n = 56) and the euthyroid (n = 261) groups, but the rate of ANA positivity differed significantly (53.6% vs 33.7%, respectively; P = 0.005). The subsequent pregnancy rate did not differ between the two groups (55.4%, 31/56 vs 51.3%, 134/261, respectively). The pregnancy loss rate (<22 weeks of gestation) tended to be higher in the borderline-SCH than the euthyroid group (29.0%, 9/31 vs 17.9%, 24/134), although not significantly so (P = 0.16). Although some subset of uRPL is though to be due to as-yet-unidentified cause(s), borderline-SCH is unlikely to be involved in uRPL. © 2017 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Occupational exposures to Cd, Ni, and Cr modulate titers of antioxidized DNA base autoantibodies.

PubMed Central

Frenkel, K; Karkoszka, J; Cohen, B; Barański, B; Jakubowski, M; Cosma, G; Taioli, E; Toniolo, P

1994-01-01

This study was undertaken to establish whether occupational exposures to derivatives of carcinogenic metals evoke inflammatory immune responses, as determined by the presence of elevated titers of antibodies (Ab) that recognize oxidized DNA bases. Sera obtained from the blood of steel welders (Delaware) and from workers of the Centra Ni-Cd Battery Factory (Poznań, Poland) were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To determine specific and nonspecific binding, an oxidized thymidine [5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (HMdU)] coupled to bovine serum albumin (HMdU-BSA) as well as mock-coupled BSA (M-BSA) were used as antigens for coating the wells of microtiter plates. Titers of anti-HMdU Ab were significantly elevated in the high Cd and Ni exposure groups (18.3 +/- 3.2 vs 10.8 +/- 2.1 A492/microliters; p < 0.05). The sera of the groups with low exposures to Cd and Ni also had enhanced titers of those Ab but those increases were not statistically significant. Interestingly, the Ab titers present in the sera of controls for Cd and Ni exposures appear to be constant regardless of the protein content. In contrast, both lightly and heavily exposed subjects exhibited Ab titers that increased with increasing protein content. When 12 randomly selected workers (4 from each of the control, lightly, and heavily exposed groups) were outfitted with personal monitors, anti-HMdU Ab titers of those workers showed a significant difference between the groups with light (< 100 micrograms/m3) and heavy (> 200 micrograms/m3) exposures to Cd (9.8 +/- 3.7 vs 22.1 +/- 3.7 A492/microliters; p < 0.01) and Ni (11.7 +/- 1.4 vs 31.0 +/- 1.8; p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) PMID:7843102

Nils Larson

NASA Image and Video Library

2007-03-16

Nils Larson is a research pilot in the Flight Crew Branch of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, Calif. Larson joined NASA in February 2007 and will fly the F-15, F-18, T-38 and ER-2. Prior to joining NASA, Larson was on active duty with the U.S. Air Force. He has accumulated more that 4,900 hours of military and civilian flight experience in more than 70 fixed and rotary winged aircraft. Larson completed undergraduate pilot training at Williams Air Force Base, Chandler, Ariz., in 1987. He remained at Williams as a T-37 instructor pilot. In 1991, Larson was assigned to Beale Air Force Base, Calif., as a U-2 pilot. He flew 88 operational missions from Korea, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, Panama and other locations. Larson graduated from the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif., in Class 95A. He became a flight commander and assistant operations officer for the 445th squadron at Edwards. He flew the radar, avionics integration and engine tests in F-15 A-D, the early flights of the glass cockpit T-38C and airworthiness flights of the Coast Guard RU-38. He was selected to serve as an Air Force exchange instructor at the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School, Patuxent River, Md. He taught systems and fixed-wing flight test and flew as an instructor pilot in the F-18, T-2, U-6A Beaver and X-26 Schweizer sailplane. Larson commanded U-2 operations for Warner Robins Air Logistics Center's Detachment 2 located in Palmdale, Calif. In addition to flying the U-2, Larson supervised the aircraft's depot maintenance and flight test. He was the deputy group commander for the 412th Operations Group at Edwards before retiring from active duty in 2007 with the rank of lieutenant colonel. His first experience with NASA was at the Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, where he served a college summer internship working on arcjet engines. Larson is a native of Bethany, W.Va,, and received his commission from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1986 with a

The influence of demeanor on scores from two validated feline pain assessment scales during the perioperative period.

PubMed

Buisman, Mandy; Hasiuk, Michelle M M; Gunn, Marta; Pang, Daniel S J

2017-05-01

To evaluate the effects of demeanor on validated pain assessment scales. Prospective, blind, clinical trial. Thirty three adult domestic cats scheduled for orchiectomy. Cats were assessed for pain pre (baseline) and 1, 2, 4 hours postoperatively using two validated pain scales [Composite Measures Pain Scale-Feline (rCMPS-F) and UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale (psychomotor and pain expression subscales; U-B MCPS-psych and -painex)], and a demeanor scale. Return of sternal recumbency and postoperative feeding were recorded. Anesthesia consisted of a single intramuscular injection of dexmedetomidine-ketamine-hydromorphone with intratesticular lidocaine and atipamezole and meloxicam postoperatively. Following data collection, cats were assigned to two groups based on baseline demeanor scores (LO ≤ 5/21, 18 cats; HI ≥ 6/21, 15 cats) and data from each group compared. Baseline demeanor predicted pain scores with the U-B MCPS-psych scale: baseline [LO 0 (0-0), HI 2 (0-6), p = 0.0005], 1 hour [LO 1 (0-5), HI 3 (1-5), p = 0.02], and 4 hours [LO 0 (0-2), HI 1 (0-6), p = 0.01]. A similar pattern was observed with the rCMPS-F. This resulted in more crossings of the analgesic intervention threshold in the HI group: U-B UNESP-psych (9 versus 1, p = 0.005) and rCMPS-F (23 versus 3, p < 0.0001). In contrast, U-B MCPS-painex scores did not differ between LO/HI groups: baseline (p > 0.99), 1 hour (p = 0.34), 2 hours (p > 0.99) and 4 hours (p = 0.31). LO cats ate sooner (61% versus 33% by 1 hour, p < 0.0001) despite similar times to sternal recumbency (p = 0.48). Demeanor affected pain assessment with U-B UNESP-psych and rCMPS-F scales, but not U-B UNESP-painex scale. Demeanor had a significant effect on postoperative feeding. These data highlight the potential for demeanor to confound pain assessment. Copyright © 2017 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Autologous blood transfusion during emergency trauma operations.

PubMed

Brown, Carlos V R; Foulkrod, Kelli H; Sadler, Holli T; Richards, E Kalem; Biggan, Dennis P; Czysz, Clea; Manuel, Tony

2010-07-01

Intraoperative cell salvage (CS) of shed blood during emergency surgical procedures provides an effective and cost-efficient resuscitation alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in trauma patients. Retrospective matched cohort study. Level I trauma center. All adult trauma patients who underwent an emergency operation and received CS as part of their intraoperative resuscitation. The CS group was matched to a no-CS group for age, sex, Injury Severity Score, mechanism of injury, and operation performed. Amount and cost of allogeneic transfusion of packed red blood cells and plasma. The 47 patients in the CS group were similar to the 47 in the no-CS group for all matched variables. Patients in the CS group received an average of 819 mL of autologous CS blood. The CS group received fewer intraoperative (2 vs 4 U; P = .002) and total (4 vs 8 U; P < .001) units of allogeneic packed red blood cells. The CS group also received fewer total units of plasma (3 vs 5 U; P = .03). The cost of blood product transfusion (including the total cost of CS) was less in the CS group ($1616 vs $2584 per patient; P = .004). Intraoperative CS provides an effective and cost-efficient resuscitation strategy as an alternative to allogeneic blood transfusion in trauma patients undergoing emergency operative procedures.

78 FR 17924 - U.S. Strategic Command Strategic Advisory Group; Notice of Federal Advisory Committee Closed Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-25

... DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary U.S. Strategic Command Strategic Advisory Group... following federal advisory committee: U.S. Strategic Command Strategic Advisory Group. DATES: April 18, 2013..., intelligence, and policy-related issues to the Commander, U.S. Strategic Command, during the development of the...

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the petrogenesis of Middle Paleozoic (Kwangsian) massive granites in the eastern South China Block

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Feifei; Wang, Yuejun; Zhang, Aimei; Fan, Weiming; Zhang, Yuzhi; Zi, Jianwei

2012-10-01

To achieve a better understanding of the Kwangsian orogenic event of the eastern South China Block, this paper documents a set of new zircon U-Pb geochronological and Hf isotopic data and whole-rock elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic analytical results for the representative massive granite intrusions across the Jiangshan-Shaoxing fault. The studied samples are classified into two groups, representing the rocks from the Cathaysia Block to the east of the Jiangshan-Shaoxing Fault (Group 1) and those from the eastern Yangtze Block between the Anhua-Luocheng and Jiangshan-Shaoxing faults (Group 2). The Group 1 samples gave the zircon U-Pb ages of 405-454 Ma and ɛHf(t) values of - 3.6 to - 15.2 with Hf model ages of 1.6-2.4 Ga. Group 2 yielded the zircon U-Pb ages of 400-432 Ma and ɛHf(t) values of - 0.2 to - 12.7 with Hf model ages of 1.3-2.2 Ga. Geochemically, the Group 1 samples (A/CNK = 1.02-1.43) have relatively lower Al2O3, MgO, CaO, P2O5 and ɛNd(t) but higher K2O + Na2O than those of Group 2 (A/CNK = 0.93-1.44). Both groups show similar chondrite-normalized patterns of rare-earth elements with Eu/Eu* values of 0.15-0.92 and strongly negative Ba, Sr, Nb, P and Ti anomalies in primitive mantle-normalized spider diagrams. Their ɛNd(t) values range from - 11.1 to - 8.0 for Group 1, and - 8.9 to - 5.0 for Group 2, generally similar to those of Precambrian paragneiss and contemporaneous gneissoid granites in the eastern South China Block. Our geochronological results indicate that the Kwangsian massive granites in the eastern South China Block were crystallized between 400 Ma and 454 Ma, synchronous to the Kwangsian gneissoid granites along the Wugong and Wuyi-Baiyun-Yunkai domains in the eastern South China Block. The synthesis of these whole-rock geochemical and in-situ zircon Hf isotopic data suggests that both the Group 1 and 2 granites across the Jiangshan-Shaoxing Fault were predominantly derived from a crustal source with some proportional metapelitic and metaigneous components from the Precambrian basement. The input of juvenile mantle-derived magma is insignificant. Taking into account other available evidences, it is proposed that the Jiangshan-Shaoxing Fault might be a pre-existing boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysia Blocks, which was reactivated during the middle Paleozoic (Kwangsian) orogenic event. The massive granitic magmatism was probably resulted from the doubly crustal thickening and subsequent isostatic readjustment in an intracontinental tectonic regime.

Biochemical Differences Between Official and Simulated Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) Matches

PubMed Central

Silveira Coswig, Victor; Hideyoshi Fukuda, David; de Paula Ramos, Solange; Boscolo Del Vecchio, Fabricio

2016-01-01

Background One of the goals for training in combat sports is to mimic real situations. For mixed martial arts (MMA), simulated sparring matches are a frequent component during training, but a there is a lack of knowledge considering the differences in sparring and competitive environments. Objectives The main objective of this study was to compare biochemical responses to sparring and official MMA matches. Materials and Methods Twenty five male professional MMA fighters were evaluated during official events (OFF = 12) and simulated matches (SIM = 13). For both situations, blood samples were taken before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) matches. For statistical analysis, two-way analysis of variance (time x group and time x winner) were used to compare the dependent parametric variables. For non-parametric data, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used and differences were confirmed by Mann-Whitney tests. Results No significant differences were observed among the groups for demographic variables. The athletes were 26.5 ± 5 years with 80 ± 10 kg, 1.74 ± 0.05 m and had 39.4 ± 25 months of training experience. Primary results indicated higher blood glucose concentration prior to fights for OFF group (OFF= 6.1 ± 1.2 mmol/L and SIM= 4.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L; P < 0.01) and higher ALT values for OFF group at both time points (OFF: PRE = 41.2 ± 12 U/L, POST = 44.2 ± 14.1 U/L; SIM: PRE = 28.1 ± 13.8 U/L, POST = 30.5 ± 12.5 U/L; P = 0.001). In addition, the blood lactate showed similar responses for both groups (OFF: PRE= 4 [3.4 - 4.4] mmol/L, POST= 16.9 [13.8 - 23.5] mmol/L; SIM: PRE = 3.8 [2.8 - 5.5] mmol/L, POST= 16.8 [12.3 - 19.2] mmol/L; P < 0.001). Conclusions In conclusion, MMA official and simulated matches induce similar high intensity glycolytic demands and minimal changes to biochemical markers of muscle damage immediately following the fights. Glycolytic availability prior to the fights was raised exclusively in response to official matches. PMID:27625756

Biochemical Differences Between Official and Simulated Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) Matches.

PubMed

Silveira Coswig, Victor; Hideyoshi Fukuda, David; de Paula Ramos, Solange; Boscolo Del Vecchio, Fabricio

2016-06-01

One of the goals for training in combat sports is to mimic real situations. For mixed martial arts (MMA), simulated sparring matches are a frequent component during training, but a there is a lack of knowledge considering the differences in sparring and competitive environments. The main objective of this study was to compare biochemical responses to sparring and official MMA matches. Twenty five male professional MMA fighters were evaluated during official events (OFF = 12) and simulated matches (SIM = 13). For both situations, blood samples were taken before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) matches. For statistical analysis, two-way analysis of variance (time x group and time x winner) were used to compare the dependent parametric variables. For non-parametric data, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used and differences were confirmed by Mann-Whitney tests. No significant differences were observed among the groups for demographic variables. The athletes were 26.5 ± 5 years with 80 ± 10 kg, 1.74 ± 0.05 m and had 39.4 ± 25 months of training experience. Primary results indicated higher blood glucose concentration prior to fights for OFF group (OFF= 6.1 ± 1.2 mmol/L and SIM= 4.4 ± 0.7 mmol/L; P < 0.01) and higher ALT values for OFF group at both time points (OFF: PRE = 41.2 ± 12 U/L, POST = 44.2 ± 14.1 U/L; SIM: PRE = 28.1 ± 13.8 U/L, POST = 30.5 ± 12.5 U/L; P = 0.001). In addition, the blood lactate showed similar responses for both groups (OFF: PRE= 4 [3.4 - 4.4] mmol/L, POST= 16.9 [13.8 - 23.5] mmol/L; SIM: PRE = 3.8 [2.8 - 5.5] mmol/L, POST= 16.8 [12.3 - 19.2] mmol/L; P < 0.001). In conclusion, MMA official and simulated matches induce similar high intensity glycolytic demands and minimal changes to biochemical markers of muscle damage immediately following the fights. Glycolytic availability prior to the fights was raised exclusively in response to official matches.

US patriotism and ideologies of group dominance: a tale of asymmetry.

PubMed

Peña, Yesilernis; Sidanius, Jim

2002-12-01

Using a random sample (N = 405) of White and Latino Americans from Los Angeles County, the authors explored whether there is an asymmetrical relationship between U.S. patriotism and two different dimensions of social dominance orientation: group antiegalitarianism and group dominance. Although there was no evidence of asymmetry in the relationship between U.S. patriotism and group antiegalitarianism, there was evidence of consistent asymmetry in the relationship between U.S. patriotism and group dominance. Among Whites (the dominant North American ethnic group) and depending on demographic variables such as age, education, income, and gender, the greater the respondents' tendency to subordinate "inferior groups," the greater their level of U.S. patriotism. In contrast, among Latino Americans (the major subordinate group in Southern California), the opposite trend was found. Here, higher levels of group dominance orientation were associated with lower levels of U.S. patriotism. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.

Preparation and crystal structure of U3Fe2C5: An original uranium-iron carbide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henriques, M. S.; Paixão, J. A.; Henriques, M. S. C.; Gonçalves, A. P.

2015-09-01

The U3Fe2C5 compound was prepared from the elements by arc-melting, followed by an heat-treatment in an induction furnace, at 1250 °C for 1 h and 1300 °C for 2 h. The crystal structure of this phase was determined by direct methods from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. U3Fe2C5 crystallizes in an original tetragonal crystal structure, with space group I4/mmm, a = 3.4980(3) Å and c = 19.8380(15) Å as lattice constants and two formula units per cell. This new type structure is characterized by the simultaneous presence of isolated and pairs of carbon atoms, the interatomic distances in the pairs being similar to a typical carbon-carbon double bond length found in a molecule. U3Fe2C5 is closely related to UC and UFeC2, and can be seen as build from two (distorted) UFeC2 unit cells and a UC layer.

Implications of uncertainty on regional CO2 mitigation policies for the U.S. onroad sector based on a high-resolution emissions estimate

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mendoza, D.; Gurney, Kevin R.; Geethakumar, Sarath

2013-04-01

In this study we present onroad fossil fuel CO2 emissions estimated by the Vulcan Project, an effort quantifying fossil fuel CO2 emissions for the U.S. in high spatial and temporal resolution. This high-resolution data, aggregated at the state-level and classified in broad road and vehicle type categories, is compared to a commonly used national-average approach. We find that the use of national averages incurs state-level biases for road groupings that are almost twice as large as for vehicle groupings. The uncertainty for all groups exceeds the bias, and both quantities are positively correlated with total state emissions. States with themore » largest emissions totals are typically similar to one another in terms of emissions fraction distribution across road and vehicle groups, while smaller-emitting states have a wider range of variation in all groups. Errors in reduction estimates as large as ±60% corresponding to ±0.2 MtC are found for a national-average emissions mitigation strategy focused on a 10% emissions reduction from a single vehicle class, such as passenger gas vehicles or heavy diesel trucks. Recommendations are made for reducing CO2 emissions uncertainty by addressing its main drivers: VMT and fuel efficiency uncertainty.« less

78 FR 23333 - Special Medical Advisory Group, Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-18

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS Special Medical Advisory Group, Notice of Meeting The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) gives notice under the Federal Advisory Committee Act, 5 U.S.C. App. 2, that the Special Medical Advisory Group will meet on May 1, 2013, in Room 830 at VA Central Office, 810 Vermont...

76 FR 58033 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Thomas Burke Memorial Washington State Museum, University of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-19

... ancestry. Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there is a relationship of shared group identity that can be..., a non-Federally recognized Indian group (hereinafter ``The Indian Group''). History and Description... Notice of Inventory Completion (NIC) describing 91 individuals and 1,049 associated funerary objects...

Charge localization and ordering in A2Mn8O16 hollandite group oxides: Impact of density functional theory approaches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaltak, Merzuk; Fernández-Serra, Marivi; Hybertsen, Mark S.

2017-12-01

The phases of A2Mn8O16 hollandite group oxides emerge from the competition between ionic interactions, Jahn-Teller effects, charge ordering, and magnetic interactions. Their balanced treatment with feasible computational approaches can be challenging for commonly used approximations in density functional theory. Three examples (A = Ag, Li, and K) are studied with a sequence of different approximate exchange-correlation functionals. Starting from a generalized gradient approximation (GGA), an extension to include van der Waals interactions and a recently proposed meta-GGA are considered. Then local Coulomb interactions for the Mn 3 d electrons are more explicitly considered with the DFT + U approach. Finally, selected results from a hybrid functional approach provide a reference. Results for the binding energy of the A species in the parent oxide highlight the role of van der Waals interactions. Relatively accurate results for insertion energies can be achieved with a low-U and a high-U approach. In the low-U case, the materials are described as band metals with a high-symmetry, tetragonal crystal structure. In the high-U case, the electrons donated by A result in formation of local Mn3 + centers and corresponding Jahn-Teller distortions characterized by a local order parameter. The resulting degree of monoclinic distortion depends on charge ordering and magnetic interactions in the phase formed. The reference hybrid functional results show charge localization and ordering. Comparison to low-temperature experiments of related compounds suggests that charge localization is the physically correct result for the hollandite group oxides studied here. Finally, while competing effects in the local magnetic coupling are subtle, the fully anisotropic implementation of DFT + U gives the best overall agreement with results from the hybrid functional.

Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Jugular Venous Pressure Assessment: Live and Online Learning Compared.

PubMed

Socransky, Steve; Lang, Eddy; Bryce, Rhonda; Betz, Martin

2017-06-08

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a novel technique for the assessment of jugular venous pressure. Distance education may allow for efficient dissemination of this technique. We compared online learning to a live course for teaching ultrasonography jugular venous pressure (u-JVP) to determine if these teaching methods yielded different levels of comfort with and use of u-JVP. This was an interventional trial of Canadian emergency physicians who had taken a basic POCUS course. The participants were in one of three Groups: online learning (Group OL), live teaching (Group LT), control (Group C). Group LT participants also took an advanced course prior to the study that included instruction in u-JVP. The participants who took the basic course were randomized to Group OL or Group C. Group OL was subject to the intervention, online learning. Group C only received an article citation regarding u-JVP. Questionnaires were completed before and after the intervention. The primary outcome was physician self-reported use and comfort with the technique of u-JVP after online learning compared to live teaching. Of the 287 advanced course participants, 42 completed the questionnaires (Group LT). Of the 3303 basic course participants, 47 who were assigned to Group OL completed the questionnaires and 47 from Group C completed the questionnaires. Use of u-JVP increased significantly in Group OL (from 15% to 55%) and Group C (from 21% to 47%) with the intervention. The comfort with use did not differ between Group LT and Group OL (p=0.14). The frequency of use remained higher in Group LT than Group OL (p=0.07). Online learning increases the use and comfort with performing u-JVP for emergency physicians with prior POCUS experience. Although the comfort with use of u-JVP was similar in Groups LT and OL, online learning appears to yield levels of use that are less than those of a live course.

Effects of overtraining on skeletal muscle growth and gene expression.

PubMed

Xiao, W; Chen, P; Dong, J

2012-10-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of overtraining on skeletal muscle growth and growth-related gene expression. The rats of overtraining group (OT) and overtraining recovery group (OTR) were subject to 11 experimental weeks of overtraining protocol. It was found that the absolute gastrocnemius muscle wet weight of the OT group was significantly lower than that of the sedentary group (23.6%, P<0.01). Serum creatine kinase was significantly higher in the OT and OTR groups than the sedentary group. CD68, CD163, MyoD, myogenin, IL-1β, TNF-α, IGF-I and MGF mRNA did not change in the OT group as compared with the sedentary group. IL-6 and TGF-β1 mRNA in the OT group increased significantly as compared with the sedentary group (2.17 fold and 1.78 fold, respectively; P<0.01). IL-10 mRNA decreased significantly in the OT group (63%, P<0.01) and the OTR group (77%, P<0.01) compared to the sedentary group. COX-2 mRNA decreased significantly in the OT group (60%, P<0.01) and the OTR group (69%, P<0.01) from the sedentary group. uPA mRNA in the OT group was significantly lower than that in the sedentary group (32%, P<0.01). These data suggest that inflammatory cytokines, COX-2 and uPA may play roles in the inhibition of skeletal muscle growth induced by overtraining. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

[Effects of macrophages on the biological behaviors and VEGF receptor mRNA, Hoxb2 mRNA, and integrin alphavbeta3 expressions of vascular endothelial cells].

PubMed

Liu, Liang; Liu, Xu-Sheng; Zhang, Xiao-Qi; Ming, Jia; Xu, Hui; Cheng, Tian-Min

2005-02-01

To explore the mechanism by which macrophages regulate angiogenesis by co-culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304) with human macrophage cells (U937) stimulated by concanavalin A (ConA). Monolayer ECV-304 cells growing to 60% confluence were co-cultured with 1 x 10(5)/ml U937 cells in the presence or absence of ConA (ConA+U937+ECV-304 and U937+ECV-304 groups, respectively), with non-treated and ConA-treated ECV-304 cells serving as the control groups (ECV-304 and ConA+ECV-304 groups, respectively). Forty-eight h later, U937 cells were removed from the cell co-culture for examining changes in DNA synthesis of ECV-304 cells with (3)H-TdR incorporation assay and for cell cycle analysis with flow cytometry. RT-PCR was employed to assess the influence of macrophages stimulated by ConA on the expression of the target genes. With immunofluorescent method, the changes in the expression of integrin receptor alphavbeta3 of ECV-304 were determined. A significant increase in S-phase ECV-304 cells with enhanced DNA synthesis was observed after co-culture of the cells with ConA-stimulated U937 cells (P<0.01), which also resulted in significant up-regulation of the expressions of KDR mRNA (0.879+/-0.003), Hoxb2 mRNA (0.947+/-0.003) and integrin receptor alphavbeta3 (10.26+/-1.73). Macrophages can accelerate the proliferation, migration and adhesion of the vascular endothelial cells to the basilar membrane matrix by affecting their cell cycle, DNA synthesis, expression of KDR mRNA, Hoxb2 mRNA and integrin alphavbeta3, so as to modulate the angiogenetic process of the latter cells.

Biosynthesis of Sulfur-Containing tRNA Modifications: A Comparison of Bacterial, Archaeal, and Eukaryotic Pathways

PubMed Central

Čavužić, Mirela; Liu, Yuchen

2017-01-01

Post-translational tRNA modifications have very broad diversity and are present in all domains of life. They are important for proper tRNA functions. In this review, we emphasize the recent advances on the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing tRNA nucleosides including the 2-thiouridine (s2U) derivatives, 4-thiouridine (s4U), 2-thiocytidine (s2C), and 2-methylthioadenosine (ms2A). Their biosynthetic pathways have two major types depending on the requirement of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters. In all cases, the first step in bacteria and eukaryotes is to activate the sulfur atom of free l-cysteine by cysteine desulfurases, generating a persulfide (R-S-SH) group. In some archaea, a cysteine desulfurase is missing. The following steps of the bacterial s2U and s4U formation are Fe–S cluster independent, and the activated sulfur is transferred by persulfide-carrier proteins. By contrast, the biosynthesis of bacterial s2C and ms2A require Fe–S cluster dependent enzymes. A recent study shows that the archaeal s4U synthetase (ThiI) and the eukaryotic cytosolic 2-thiouridine synthetase (Ncs6) are Fe–S enzymes; this expands the role of Fe–S enzymes in tRNA thiolation to the Archaea and Eukarya domains. The detailed reaction mechanisms of Fe–S cluster depend s2U and s4U formation await further investigations. PMID:28287455

Composite operator and condensate in the S U (N ) Yang-Mills theory with U (N -1 ) stability group

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Warschinke, Matthias; Matsudo, Ryutaro; Nishino, Shogo; Shinohara, Toru; Kondo, Kei-Ichi

2018-02-01

Recently, some reformulations of the Yang-Mills theory inspired by the Cho-Faddeev-Niemi decomposition have been developed in order to understand confinement from the viewpoint of the dual superconductivity. In this paper we focus on the reformulated S U (N ) Yang-Mills theory in the minimal option with U (N -1 ) stability group. Despite existing numerical simulations on the lattice we perform the perturbative analysis to one-loop level as a first step towards the nonperturbative analytical treatment. First, we give the Feynman rules and calculate all renormalization factors to obtain the standard renormalization group functions to one-loop level in light of the renormalizability of this theory. Then we introduce a mixed gluon-ghost composite operator of mass dimension 2 and show the Bechi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin invariance and the multiplicative renormalizability. Armed with these results, we argue the existence of the mixed gluon-ghost condensate by means of the so-called local composite operator formalism, which leads to various interesting implications for confinement as shown in preceding works.

Analysis of selected critical experiments using ENDF/B-IV and ENDF/B-V data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, U. N.; Rec, J. R.; Jonsson, A.

1981-10-01

Selected critical experiments - TRX 1 & 2 (U metal; BNL 1, 2, 3 (ThO2/U-233); and B & W TUPE 15B (ThO2/U-235) - were analyzed using ENDF/B-V data, and the results were compared to the measured parameters and to values obtained using ENDF/B-IV. Calculations were performed with DIT, an integral transport assembly design code. A heterogeneous cell calculation in 85 energy groups was performed for each configuration. Leakage was accounted for through B-1 calculation using the measured bucklings. Overall, ENDF/B-V data have been found to improve the agreement with experimental results with the exception of the TUPE 15B core. However, the changes in the capture cross sections of U-238 (epithermal) and Th-232 do not fully resolve the long-standing differences with the measurements.

77 FR 6796 - Notification of Three Public Teleconferences of a Work Group of the Chartered Science Advisory Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-09

... Work Group of the Chartered Science Advisory Board AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA... teleconferences of a work group of the Chartered Science Advisory Board to discuss the President's FY 2013 Budget...), 5 U.S.C., App. 2. Pursuant to FACA and EPA policy, notice is hereby given that a work group of the...

Human cord blood mononuclear cell transplantation for the treatment of premature ovarian failure in nude mice

PubMed Central

Dang, Jianhong; Jin, Zhijun; Liu, Xiaojun; Hu, Dian; Wang, Zhifeng

2015-01-01

Objective: This study explored the potential of human cord blood mononuclear cell (HCMNC) transplantation as a treatment for premature ovarian failure (POF) in a nude mouse model. Methods: Female nude mice were randomly divided into three groups; a normal control group (n = 35), a POF group (POF plus vehicle, n = 35) and a POF plus cell transplantation group (HCMNCs were implanted into the ovaries, n = 35). HCMNCs were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and labeled with BrdU. Four weeks after transplantation, the nude mice were sacrificed to determine serum levels of E2, FSH and LH as indicators of ovarian function, and the ovaries were examined both histologically and immunochemically. Results: The transplanted HCMNCs survived in the transplantation group and were detected by BrdU. In the transplantation group, serum levels of E2 significantly increased while serum levels of FSH and LH significantly decreased compared to the POF control group. Additionally, the transplantation group had a recovery in follicle number. Conclusion: HCMNCs can be successfully transplanted into the ovaries of nude mice and can improve ovarian function in POF. PMID:26064319

Prophylactic Role of Oral Melatonin Administration on Neurogenesis in Adult Balb/C Mice during REM Sleep Deprivation.

PubMed

López-Armas, Gabriela; Flores-Soto, Mario Eduardo; Chaparro-Huerta, Verónica; Jave-Suarez, Luis Felipe; Soto-Rodríguez, Sofía; Rusanova, Iryna; Acuña-Castroviejo, Dario; González-Perez, Oscar; González-Castañeda, Rocío Elizabeth

2016-01-01

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of melatonin in the proliferation of neural progenitors, melatonin concentration, and antiapoptotic proteins in the hippocampus of adult mice exposed to 96 h REM sleep deprivation (REMSD) prophylactic administration of melatonin for 14 days. Material and Methods. Five groups of Balb/C mice were used: (1) control, (2) REMSD, (3) melatonin (10 mg/kg) plus REMSD, (4) melatonin and intraperitoneal luzindole (once a day at 5 mg/kg) plus REMSD, and (5) luzindole plus REMSD. To measure melatonin content in hippocampal tissue we used HPLC. Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins were measured by Western Blot and neurogenesis was determined by injecting 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and BrdU/nestin expressing cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus were quantified by epifluorescence. Results. The melatonin-treated REMSD group showed an increased neural precursor in 44% with respect to the REMSD group and in 28% when contrasted with the control group (P < 0.021). The melatonin-treated REMSD group also showed the highest expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL as compared to the rest of the groups. Conclusion. The exogenous administration of melatonin restores the tissue levels of sleep-deprived group and appears to be an efficient neuroprotective agent against the deleterious effects of REMSD.

Prophylactic Role of Oral Melatonin Administration on Neurogenesis in Adult Balb/C Mice during REM Sleep Deprivation

PubMed Central

Flores-Soto, Mario Eduardo; Chaparro-Huerta, Verónica; Soto-Rodríguez, Sofía; González-Perez, Oscar

2016-01-01

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of melatonin in the proliferation of neural progenitors, melatonin concentration, and antiapoptotic proteins in the hippocampus of adult mice exposed to 96 h REM sleep deprivation (REMSD) prophylactic administration of melatonin for 14 days. Material and Methods. Five groups of Balb/C mice were used: (1) control, (2) REMSD, (3) melatonin (10 mg/kg) plus REMSD, (4) melatonin and intraperitoneal luzindole (once a day at 5 mg/kg) plus REMSD, and (5) luzindole plus REMSD. To measure melatonin content in hippocampal tissue we used HPLC. Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins were measured by Western Blot and neurogenesis was determined by injecting 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and BrdU/nestin expressing cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus were quantified by epifluorescence. Results. The melatonin-treated REMSD group showed an increased neural precursor in 44% with respect to the REMSD group and in 28% when contrasted with the control group (P < 0.021). The melatonin-treated REMSD group also showed the highest expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL as compared to the rest of the groups. Conclusion. The exogenous administration of melatonin restores the tissue levels of sleep-deprived group and appears to be an efficient neuroprotective agent against the deleterious effects of REMSD. PMID:27579149

[Effect of the ischemic post-conditioning on the prevention of the cardio-renal damage in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention].

PubMed

Wang, Y Y; Li, T; Liu, Y W; Liu, B J; Hu, X M; Wang, Y; Gao, W Q; Wu, P; Huang, L; Li, X; Peng, W J; Ning, M

2017-04-24

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the ischemic post-conditioning (IPC) on the prevention of the cardio-renal damage in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods: A total of 251 consecutive STEMI patients underwent PPCI in the heart center of Tianjin Third Central Hospital from January 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, control, single-blinded, clinical registry study. Patients were randomly divided into IPC group (123 cases) and control group (128 cases) with random number table. Patients in IPC group underwent three times of inflation/deflation with low inflation pressure using a balloon catheter within one minute after culprit vessel blood recovery, and then treated by PPCI. Patients in control group received PPCI procedure directly. The basic clinical characteristics, incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia during the procedure, the rate of electrocardiogram ST-segment decline, peak value of myocardial necrosis markers, incidence of contrast induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI), and one-year major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) which including myocardial infarction again, malignant arrhythmia, rehospitalization for heart failure, repeat revascularization, stroke, and death after the procedure were analyzed between the two groups. Results: The age of IPC group and control group were comparable((61.2±12.6) vs. (64.2±12.1) years old, P =0.768). The incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia during the procedure was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(42.28% (52/123) vs. 57.03% (73/128), P =0.023). The rate of electrocardiogram ST-segment decline immediately after the procedure was significantly higher in the IPC group than in the control group (77.24% (95/123) vs. 64.84% (83/128), P =0.037). The peak value of myocardial necrosis markers after the procedure were significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(creatine kinase: 1 257 (682, 2 202) U/L vs. 1 737(794, 2 816)U/L, P =0.029; creatine kinase-MB: 123(75, 218)U/L vs.165(95, 288)U/L, P =0.010). The rate of CI-AKI after the procedure was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(5.69%(7/123) vs. 14.06%(18/128), P =0.034). The rate of the one-year MACE was significantly lower in the IPC group than in the control group(7.32%(9/123) vs. 15.63% (20/128), P =0.040). Conclusion: The IPC strategy performed eight before PPCI can reduce myocardial ischemia- reperfusion injury, decline the rates of CI-AKI and one-year MACE significantly in STEMI patients, thus has a significant protective effect on heart and kidney in STEMI patients. Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR-ICR-15006590.

The new NCPSS BL19U2 beamline at the SSRF for small-angle X-ray scattering from biological macromolecules in solution.

PubMed

Li, Na; Li, Xiuhong; Wang, Yuzhu; Liu, Guangfeng; Zhou, Ping; Wu, Hongjin; Hong, Chunxia; Bian, Fenggang; Zhang, Rongguang

2016-10-01

The beamline BL19U2 is located in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) and is its first beamline dedicated to biological material small-angle X-ray scattering (BioSAXS). The electrons come from an undulator which can provide high brilliance for the BL19U2 end stations. A double flat silicon crystal (111) monochromator is used in BL19U2, with a tunable monochromatic photon energy ranging from 7 to 15 keV. To meet the rapidly growing demands of crystallographers, biochemists and structural biologists, the BioSAXS beamline allows manual and automatic sample loading/unloading. A Pilatus 1M detector (Dectris) is employed for data collection, characterized by a high dynamic range and a short readout time. The highly automated data processing pipeline SASFLOW was integrated into BL19U2, with help from the BioSAXS group of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL, Hamburg), which provides a user-friendly interface for data processing. The BL19U2 beamline was officially opened to users in March 2015. To date, feedback from users has been positive and the number of experimental proposals at BL19U2 is increasing. A description of the new BioSAXS beamline and the setup characteristics is given, together with examples of data obtained.

Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy (40th) Held at Columbus, Ohio on 17-21 June 1985.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-06-21

Affairs of the University -- : and the U.S. Army Research Office the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research t o 85 10 2...230 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION -’ 7.COSATICCOES IS& SUBJECT TERMS #Coinue on gurl PVit Lneceara~nd luentiab by block number, PIRLD GROUP SU.GR...Division, NASA, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23665. . MA2. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TECHNIQUES OF FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY

Installation Restoration Program. Volume 2. 110th Fighter Group Michigan Air National Guard, W.K. Kellogg Memorial Airport, Battle Creek, Michigan

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-11-01

RECOMMENDATIONS SECTION 7 REFERENCES APPENDIX A MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION RECORDS AND BORING LOGS APPENDIX B SOIL BORING LOGS 3 APPENDIX C ...0.25 .o000 2- C *LUOEITNYL VINYL ETNEE NA i2/o/U NP 0. 131.0ICNLORMTNMIE NA 12/OS/IS 0.35 0.0S 1.000 DIOCULUSUGRTNAN NA 12/OS/US a 0.45 1.000 ¶ ,2...12l/Sm a 10.001011 kS kfue(K)I m ot~b 12/09/ 12/fl/U a 10.00 1.005 ugejpvu 12/09/ tZ/3U 0 10.0 1 .M E, I c . ce 4Z- CR0ESFENGINEERING SCIENCE 135-073

Peak torque and muscle balance in the knees of young U-15 and U-17 soccer athletes playing various tactical positions.

PubMed

Chiamonti Bona, Cleiton; Tourinho Filho, Hugo; Izquierdo, Mikel; Pires Ferraz, Ricardo M; Marques, Mário C

2017-01-01

Soccer is a sport that is practiced worldwide and has been investigated in its various aspects, particularly muscle strength, which is an essential motor skill for sports performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the peak torque and muscle balance on the knee extensor and flexor of young soccer players in the tactical positions of goalkeeper, defender, full back, midfielder, defensive midfielder and striker, as well as to determine which field position has the highest peak torque. Forty-nine male players were recruited and divided into two categories during the preparatory period of the season: the Under-15 (U-15) group (N.=23, mean age 14.7±0.5 years, body mass 58.2±10.5 kg, body height 168.5±7.6 cm), and the Under-17 (U-17) group (N.=26, mean age 16.8±0.4 years, body mass 69.2±7.9 kg, body height 176.2±6.6 cm). The U-17 athletes presented a higher peak torque in all the movements of flexion and extension in the two angular velocities (i.e. 60°/s and 300°/s), but only the dominant knee extensor at 300°/s was significantly different between the two categories as well as the percentage change in peak torque compared between U-15 and U-17 was always above 20%. The peak torque variation in the U-17 category (i.e. mostly above 20%) highlights a higher peak torque compared to U-15 athletes. The muscular deficit of the two categories presented a low average of 10-15%, indicating a good muscle balance between knee extensors and flexors. Finally, goalkeepers and defenders achieved the highest peak torque amongst the field positions.

Optimization of small long-life PWR based on thorium fuel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Subkhi, Moh Nurul; Suud, Zaki; Waris, Abdul; Permana, Sidik

2015-09-01

A conceptual design of small long-life Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) using thorium fuel has been investigated in neutronic aspect. The cell-burn up calculations were performed by PIJ SRAC code using nuclear data library based on JENDL 3.2, while the multi-energy-group diffusion calculations were optimized in three-dimension X-Y-Z geometry of core by COREBN. The excess reactivity of thorium nitride with ZIRLO cladding is considered during 5 years of burnup without refueling. Optimization of 350 MWe long life PWR based on 5% 233U & 2.8% 231Pa, 6% 233U & 2.8% 231Pa and 7% 233U & 6% 231Pa give low excess reactivity.

Comparison of Saccharina japonica-Undaria pinnatifida Mixture and Minoxidil on Hair Growth Promoting Effect in Mice.

PubMed

Park, Ki Soo; Park, Dae Hwan

2016-11-01

Algae have traditionally been used for promotion of hair growth. Use of hair regrowth drugs, such as minoxidil, is limited due to side effects. The aim of this study was to examine a mixture of Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida (L-U mixture) on hair growth and to compare the promoting effect of hair growth by a 3% minoxidil and a L-U mixture. To evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity, saline, 50% ethanol, 3% minoxidil, and the L-U mixture were applied 2 times a day for a total of 14 days on the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 mice after depilation. Analysis was determined by using a high-resolution hair analysis system, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and H&E staining. On day 14, the hair growth effect of the L-U mixture was the same as that of the 3% minoxidil treatment. The L-U mixture significantly (P<0.05) stimulated hair growth-promoting genes, as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor -1. Increase of VEGF was observed in the L-U mixture group compared with minoxidil and the negative control. In contrast, the L-U mixture suppressed the expression of transforming growth factor-β1, which is the hair loss-related gene. In histological examination in the L-U mixture and minoxidil groups, the induction of an anagen stage of hair follicles was faster than that of control groups. This study provides evidence that the L-U mixture can promote hair growth in mice, similar to the effect from minoxidil, and suggests that there is potential application for hair loss treatments.

[Impacts of early metoprolol intervention on connexin 43 and phosphorylated connexin 43 expression in rabbits with experimental myocardial infarction].

PubMed

Zhou, M; Lu, Q; Jiang, J Q; Chen, Z N; Gong, Z G; Li, Z G; Fu, W W; Ding, S F

2017-04-24

Objective: To investigate the early intervention effects of metoprolol on connexin 43(Cx43) and phosphorylated Cx43 (p-Cx43) expression in rabbits with post myocardial infarction. Methods: A total of 24 adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into sham group ( n =6), early treatment group( n =6), routine treatment group( n =6), and myocardial infarction group( n =6) with a randomized block design blocked by weight. Myocardial infarction was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. Rabbits in sham group received similar surgical procedure without LAD ligation. Metoprolol (12.5 mg/kg dissolved in 2 ml distilled water) was applied to rabbits in early treatment group and routine treatment group per gavage immediately after recovery from anesthesia and at 24 hours after myocardial infarction, respectively, then treated daily for 40 days. Rabbits in sham group and myocardial infarction group received 2 ml distilled water per gavage daily for 40 days. Plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) level were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer after 6 hours in all rabbits. Ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was measured in vivo by bipolar pacing electrodes at 40 days. Cx43 and p-Cx43 distribution in ventricular tissue was detected by immunofluorescence analyses. Cx43 and p-Cx43 protein level in ventricular tissue was determined by Western blot. Results: (1) Plasma LDH ((851.7±85.9)U/L vs. (332.3±39.6)U/L, P <0.01) and CK ((1 192.7±105.3)U/L vs. (462.3±65.6)U/L, P <0.01) were significantly higher in myocardial infarction group than in sham group (both P <0.01). (2) VFT was significantly lower in myocardial infarction group than that in sham group ((470.0±91.0) beats per minute vs. (683.3±60.9) beats per minute, P <0.05), and VFT was significantly higher in early treatment group ((633.3±43.2) beats per minute) and routine treatment group ((645.0±30.8) beats per minute) than in the myocardial infarction group (both P <0.05). (3) Immunofluorescence analyses showed that Cx43 was mainly localized in the intercalated disk, which was perpendicular to the cell long axis with linear arrangement, and less lateral distribution in sham group, early treatment group and routine treatment group, which was significantly different as the case in the myocardial infarction group. The expression of p-Cx43 in myocardial infarction group was less than in sham group, which was significantly upregulated in in early treatment group and routine treatment group when compared with myocardial infarction group, and expression of p-Cx43 was significantly higher in early treatment group than in routine treatment group. (4)The p-Cx43/Cx43 ratio of protein was significantly lower in myocardial infarction group than in sham group (0.165±0.011 vs. 0.363±0.046, P <0.05), and significantly higher in early treatment group (0.720±0.063) and routine treatment group (0.364±0.030) than in myocardial infarction group (both P <0.05), and this ratio was significantly higher in early treatment group than in routine treatment group ( P <0.05). Conclusion: Metoprolol treatment, especially the early metoprolol treatment (within 24 hours after LAD ligation), could significantly improve VFT by ameliorating the distribution and dephosphorylation of myocardial Cx43 in rabbits with experimental myocardial infarction.

[Curative effect analysis of bile reinfusion combined with enteral nutrition support before surgery of hilar cholangiocarcinoma].

PubMed

Song, P; Mao, L; Bian, X J; Zhou, T; Fan, Y Y; Zhang, J; Xie, M; Qiu, Y D

2018-05-01

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of bile reinfusion combined with enteral nutrition support before surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery Department from July 2010 to August 2017 was completed.A total of 52 cases were finally enrolled in our study.All the patients included, on the basis of whether they received preoperative drainage and bile reinfusion, were divided into non-drainage group( n =15) and drainage group( n =37). Differences of clinical indicators, including operation time, intraoperative bleeding and serum liver function index levels at day 1, 3, 7 postoperative, postoperative complications(liver failure, biliary fistula, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, abdominal cavity infection, death in hospital), tumor classification, R0 resection, postoperative hospitalization time between the 2 groups were analyzed. At the same time, in the drainage group, patients were divided into non-enteral nutrition subgroup( n =13) and enteral nutrition subgroup( n =24) according to whether they received enteral nutrition before operation. The normal distribution data of the group was statistically analyzed by independent sample t test, the non-normal distribution data of the group was statistically analyzed by rank-sum test. The count data was statistically analyzed by non-calibration and correction of the square test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in general infomation such as age, gender, and serum liver function between non-drainage group and drainage group( P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in general information such as age, gender, and serum liver function between non-enteral nutrition group and enteral nutrition group( P >0.05). The rate of vascular resection and reconstruction(33.3%) and operating time(10.8(2.2)h) in drainage group were both higher than those in non-drainage group(6.7% and 8.3(3.0)h), the differences were both statistically significant(χ(2)=4.397, Z =1.595; both P <0.05). The level of AST at the 7th day after surgery in drainage group(32.8(17.3)U/L) was significantly lower than that in non-drainage group(55.0(64.7)U/L), the difference was statistically significant( Z =-2.212, P <0.05). The level of TBil at 1st day after surgery in drainage group(43.6(91.2)μmol/L) was lower than that in non-drainage group(91.2(188.4)μmol/L), the difference was statistically significant( Z =-2.150, P <0.05). The rate of pancreatoduodenectomy(25.0%) and average operating time(11.1(1.3)h) in the enteral nutrition group were both higher than those in the non-enteral nutrition group(0, 9.0(2.6)h). The differences were both statistically significant(χ(2)=3.879, Z =-2.693; P <0.05). The average level of AST at the 1st day after surgery in enteral nutrition group(396.4(268.3)U/L) was significantly lower than that in non-enteral nutrition group(642.5(341.1)U/L), the difference was statistically significant( Z =-2.483, P <0.05). The average level of TBil at the 1st, 3th day after surgery in enteral nutrition group(38.8(21.5)μmol/L and 30.0(25.6)μmol/L) were both lower than those in non-enteral nutrition group(60.9(75.2)μmol/L and 46.5(50.0)μmol/L), the differences were both statistically significant( Z =-2.416, -2.026; P <0.05). The level of CRP at 1st, 3th day after surgery((41.9±31.1)mg/L, (50.8±31.4)mg/L)in enteral nutrition subgroup was lower than that in non-enteral nutrition subgroup((64.4±33.6)mg/L, (74.1±35.3)mg/L), the differences were both statistically significant( t =1.456, 1.675; P <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the present study , there is no effective improvement on postoperative recovery using bile reinfusion combined with nutrition support before R0 resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Nouvelle serie d'oxydes derives de la structure de α-U 3U 8: MIIUMo 4O 16

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, M. R.; Jaulmes, S.

1987-04-01

A new family of isotypical oxides MIIUMo 4O 16 ( MII = Mg,Mn,Cd,Ca,Hg,Sr,Pb) is identified. The structure of the compound with Ca was determined by X-ray diffraction. It is triclinic, space group P overline1 with a = 13.239(5) Å, b = 6.651(2) Å, c = 8.236(3) Å, α = 90°00(4), β = 90°38(4), γ = 120°16(3), Z = 2. The final index and the weighted Rw index are 0.049 and 0.040, respectively. The cell is related to the orthorhombic one of α-U 3O 8: a = 2 a0, b = -( a0 + b0)/2, c = 2 c0. The structure, reminiscent of that of α-U 3O 8, consists of chains of [Ca,U]O 7 pentagonal bipyramids and MoO 6 octahedra, running parallel to the c axis. The UO distances along the UOCaO chains are shortened to 1.77(1) Å. The uranyl ion was characterized by its IR spectrum.

Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL: A Review in Diabetes Mellitus.

PubMed

Blair, Hannah A; Keating, Gillian M

2016-03-01

Insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Toujeo(®)) is a long-acting basal insulin analogue approved for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Insulin glargine 300 U/mL has a more stable and prolonged pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile than insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Lantus(®)), with a duration of glucose-lowering activity exceeding 24 h. In several 6-month phase III trials, insulin glargine 300 U/mL achieved comparable glycaemic control to that seen with insulin glargine 100 U/mL in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, albeit with consistently higher daily basal insulin requirements. These improvements in glycaemic control were maintained during longer-term (12 months) treatment. Insulin glargine 300 U/mL was generally associated with a lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia than insulin glargine 100 U/mL in insulin-experienced patients with type 2 diabetes, while the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia did not significantly differ between treatment groups in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes or in patients with type 1 diabetes. To conclude, once-daily subcutaneous insulin glargine 300 U/mL is an effective and generally well tolerated basal insulin therapy option for patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

[Influence of gender, age and season on thyroid hormone reference interval].

PubMed

Qiu, L; Wang, D C; Xu, T; Cheng, X Q; Sun, Q; Hu, Y Y; Liu, H C; Lu, S Y; Yang, G H; Wang, Z J

2018-05-29

Objective: Using clinical "big data" , to investigate the factors that affect the levels of thyroid hormones, and to explore the partitioning criteria for reference intervals (RI) of these hormones. Methods: An observation study was conducted. Information of 107 107 individuals undergoing routine physical examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 1(st,) 2013 to August 31(st,) 2016 was collected, thyroid hormone of these subjects were detected. To explore the test results distribution and differences of TSH, FT4 and FT3 by gender and age; according to the seasonal division standard of China Meteorological Administration, the study period was divided into four seasons, and the seasonal fluctuation on TSH was analyzed.To define the appropriate partition by gender, age and season according to significant difference analysis. Results: In male and female, the distributions of TSH were 1.779(0.578-4.758), 2.023(0.420-5.343)mU/L, respectively, and the level of TSH in female was higher than in male ( Z =-37.600, P <0.001). The distributions of FT4 were 0.127(0.098-0.162), 0.117(0.091-0.151) μg/L, the distributions of FT3 were 3.33(2.47-3.74), 3.01(2.35-3.57)ng/L. And the level of FT4, FT3 in female were significantly lower than in male ( Z =-94.000, -154.600, all P <0.001). Furthermore, males were divided into two groups by 65 years old and female were divided by 50 years old, respectively, and the distributions of TSH in male and female of older group were 1.818(0.528-5.240), 2.111(0.348-5.735)mU/L, in younger group were 1.778(0.582-4.696), 1.991(0.427-5.316)mU/L. The level of TSH in older group was significantly higher than in younger group ( Z =-2.269, -10.400, all P <0.05), and the distribution of TSH in older group was much wider than in younger. The distribution of whole in spring, summer and autumn was 1.869( 0.510-5.042)mU/L, in winter was 1.978(0.527-5.250) mU/L, and the difference between them had statistical significance ( Z =-15.000, P <0.001). Conclusions: Gender and age significantly affect the serum levels of TSH, FT4, and FT3, the distribution of TSH in female and elder group are wider than in male, and that of FT4, FT3 are lower.Seasons significantly affect the serum TSH level, the peak value is observed in winter. There are obviously differences between "rough" RIs and manufacture recommended RIs. Each laboratory should establish reference intervals for thyroid hormones on the premise of appropriate grouping.

Impact of long-range interactions on the disordered vortex lattice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koopmann, J. A.; Geshkenbein, V. B.; Blatter, G.

2003-07-01

The interaction between the vortex lines in a type-II superconductor is mediated by currents. In the absence of transverse screening this interaction is long ranged, stiffening up the vortex lattice as expressed by the dispersive elastic moduli. The effect of disorder is strongly reduced, resulting in a mean-squared displacement correlator ≡<[u(R,L)-u(0,0)]2> characterized by a mere logarithmic growth with distance. Finite screening cuts the interaction on the scale of the London penetration depth λ and limits the above behavior to distances R<λ. Using a functional renormalization-group approach, we derive the flow equation for the disorder correlation function and calculate the disorder-averaged mean-squared relative displacement ∝ ln2σ(R/a0). The logarithmic growth (2σ=1) in the perturbative regime at small distances [A. I. Larkin and Yu. N. Ovchinnikov, J. Low Temp. Phys. 34, 409 (1979)] crosses over to a sub-logarithmic growth with 2σ=0.348 at large distances.

Effects of Olmesartan and Azilsartan on Albuminuria and the Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System

PubMed Central

Takami, Takeshi; Okada, Sadanori; Saito, Yoshihiko; Nishijima, Yoko; Kobori, Hiroyuki; Nishiyama, Akira

2018-01-01

Purpose Olmesartan and azilsartan decrease blood pressure more effectively than other angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). ARBs additionally decrease the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), a urinary albumin marker, and urinary angiotensinogen (u-AGT), an intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activity marker. We examined the effects of these ARBs on blood pressure, UACR, and u-AGT in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Methods Patients with uncontrolled hypertension treated with conventional ARBs, excluding olmesartan and azilsartan, for over 8 weeks were enrolled. We randomly switched patients from their prior ARBs to either olmesartan or azilsartan, and followed them for 24 weeks. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) significantly decreased at 24 weeks. UACR and u-AGT also decreased at 24 weeks in both groups. There were no significant differences in SBP, DBP, cSBP, UACR, or u-AGT between the groups. Therefore, we combined both groups for further analyses. After combining, SBP (160.5 ± 16.4 to 139.6 ± 15.6 mm Hg, P < 0.0001), DBP (88.4 ± 13.7 to 80.7 ± 13.2 mm Hg, P = 0.008), cSBP (167.4 ± 20.8 to 146.6 ± 24.6 mm Hg, P < 0.0001), UACR (13.8 to 9.0 mg/g Cre, P = 0.0096), and u-AGT (4.13 to 2.32 μg/g Cre, P = 0.0074) significantly decreased at 24 weeks. Patients with microalbuminuria (UACR ≥ 30 mg/g Cre) had significantly greater ΔUACR (−39.4 vs 0.27, P = 0.0024) and Δu-AGT (−11.9 vs −0.61, P = 0.0235) than patients without microalbuminuria. The changes in u-AGT were significantly associated with changes in UACR (r = 0.411, P = 0.046); however, there was no significant relationship between the changes in u-AGT and those in SBP or DBP. Conclusion Olmesartan and azilsartan decreased blood pressure, UACR, and u-AGT more than the other ARBs, and exerted depressor and renoprotective effects. PMID:29683146

Effects of Olmesartan and Azilsartan on Albuminuria and the Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System.

PubMed

Takami, Takeshi; Okada, Sadanori; Saito, Yoshihiko; Nishijima, Yoko; Kobori, Hiroyuki; Nishiyama, Akira

2018-01-01

Olmesartan and azilsartan decrease blood pressure more effectively than other angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). ARBs additionally decrease the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), a urinary albumin marker, and urinary angiotensinogen (u-AGT), an intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activity marker. We examined the effects of these ARBs on blood pressure, UACR, and u-AGT in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension treated with conventional ARBs, excluding olmesartan and azilsartan, for over 8 weeks were enrolled. We randomly switched patients from their prior ARBs to either olmesartan or azilsartan, and followed them for 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) significantly decreased at 24 weeks. UACR and u-AGT also decreased at 24 weeks in both groups. There were no significant differences in SBP, DBP, cSBP, UACR, or u-AGT between the groups. Therefore, we combined both groups for further analyses. After combining, SBP (160.5 ± 16.4 to 139.6 ± 15.6 mm Hg, P < 0.0001), DBP (88.4 ± 13.7 to 80.7 ± 13.2 mm Hg, P = 0.008), cSBP (167.4 ± 20.8 to 146.6 ± 24.6 mm Hg, P < 0.0001), UACR (13.8 to 9.0 mg/g Cre, P = 0.0096), and u-AGT (4.13 to 2.32 μg/g Cre, P = 0.0074) significantly decreased at 24 weeks. Patients with microalbuminuria (UACR ≥ 30 mg/g Cre) had significantly greater ΔUACR (-39.4 vs 0.27, P = 0.0024) and Δu-AGT (-11.9 vs -0.61, P = 0.0235) than patients without microalbuminuria. The changes in u-AGT were significantly associated with changes in UACR (r = 0.411, P = 0.046); however, there was no significant relationship between the changes in u-AGT and those in SBP or DBP. Olmesartan and azilsartan decreased blood pressure, UACR, and u-AGT more than the other ARBs, and exerted depressor and renoprotective effects.

[The activity of blood cholinesterase in rats exposed to dimethypo after drug intervention].

PubMed

Wan, Weiguo; Xu, Mailing; Zou, Hejian; Lu, Ailing; Shen, Xinyu; Chen, Yuming

2002-12-01

To investigate the activity of ChE in rats poisoned by dimehypo and then treated with pralidoxime methylchloride or unithiol. Rats were divided into control group (dimehypo); intervention groups [dimehypo plus pralidoxime methylchloride or dimehypo plus unithiol (sodium dimercaptopropanesulphonate)]. Rats were dosed with 4 different doses of dimehypo: 1/16, 1/8, 1/4 and 1/2 of LD50 respectively(the LD50 of dimehypo is 342 mg/kg). After being poisoned with dimehypo orally, rats were immediately injected intramuscularly with pralidoxime methylchloride or unithiol. The activity of ChE in blood was detected before and 1/2, 1, 2, 4 and 24 h after poisoning in dimehypo and intervention groups. The ChE activity of four dose subgroups at 1 h after poisoning were (1.04 +/- 0.21), (0.84 +/- 0.12), (0.71 +/- 0.12), (0.66 +/- 0.07) U/ml respectively; the ChE activity of pralidoxime methylchloride intervention groups were (1.01 +/- 0.18), (1.17 +/- 0.11), (1.01 +/- 0.04), (1.03 +/- 0.12) U/ml respectively; and the ChE activity of unithiol intervention groups were (1.15 +/- 0.15), (1.26 +/- 0.27), (1.08 +/- 0.08), (1.04 +/- 0.12) U/ml respectively. The inhibited ChE in blood was recovered by either treatment with pyraldoxime methylchloride or unithiol. These two drugs had similar effects of recovering the activity of ChE(P > 0.05), but at higher doses(1/4 and 1/2 of LD50) the effects of both were not so good. Pralidoxime methylchloride and unithiol could partly recover the activity of ChE inhibited by dimehypo.

Group theoretical approach to the Dirac operator on S 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutiérrez, Sergio; Huet, Idrish

2018-04-01

In this revision we outline the group theoretical approach to formulate and solve the eigenvalue problem of the Dirac operator on the round 2-sphere conceived as the right coset S 2 = SU(2)/U(1). Starting from general symmetry considerations we illustrate the formulation of the Dirac operator through left action or right action differential operators, whose properties on a right coset are quite different. The construction of the spinor space and the solution of the spectral problem using group theoretical methods is also presented.

Effects of cross-training on markers of insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia.

PubMed

Wallace, M B; Mills, B D; Browning, C L

1997-09-01

This study examined, through a randomized controlled trial, the effects of cross-training (combined resistance and endurance exercise) on markers of insulin resistance, (e.g., dyslipidemia, intra-abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension), body composition, and performance in hyperinsulinemic individuals. Sedentary adult males characterized as hyperinsulinemic (fasting insulin > 2 OuU.mL-1), randomly assigned to two groups (N = 8 each), completed 14 wk of training at 3 d.wk-1. An endurance-only (E) group performed both continuous cycle exercise and walking (30 min each at 60-70% heart rate reserve). A cross-training (C) group performed both endurance and resistance exercise (8 exercises, 4 sets/exercise, 8-12 repetitions/set) in a single session. Both E and C groups demonstrated similar increases in VO2max (25% and 27%) while only C demonstrated an increase in 1 RM bench press (19%) and leg press (25%). The changes induced by C training were significantly greater than those from E training alone in percent fat (6.9 +/- 1.3 vs 1.4 +/- 1.4), insulin concentration (8.5 +/- 2.7 vs 3.0 +/- 1.3 uU.mL-1), glucose levels (11.1 +/- 2.9 vs 5.9 +/- 2.6 mg.dL-1), HDL-C levels (5.1 +/- 1.3 vs 2.9 +/- 1.6 mg.dL-1), triglyceride concentration (43.8 +/- 13.6 mg.dL-1), and systolic blood pressure (14.6 +/- 5.5 vs 8.3 +/- 6.8 mm Hg). Results indicate that the addition of resistance training to an endurance training program will induce significantly greater differences in markers of insulin resistance and body composition in individuals with hyperinsulinemia than endurance training alone.

The effects of the pendulum distalising appliance and cervical headgear on the dentofacial structures.

PubMed

Toy, Ebubekir; Enacar, Ayhan

2011-05-01

Headgears are effective in distalising maxillary molars, but success depends on patient compliance and tolerance. Intra-oral distalising appliances are simple to construct and use and may be a better alternative for patients who are non-compliant or cannot tolerate headgear. To compare the Pendulum (PEN) appliance and cervical headgear (CHG) on distal movement of maxillary first molars in patients requiring maxillary molar distalisation. Thirty patients were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups had comparable occlusal and cephalometric characteristics before treatment. Fifteen patients (9 girls, 6 boys) with a mean age of 1 1.45 +/- 1.54 years (Range: 8.58-13.50 years) were treated with Pendulum appliances and 15 patients (10 girls, 5 boys) with a mean age of 11.72 + 1.24 years (Range: 9.58-13.33 years) were treated with a Ricketts-type CHG. A pilot study of four patients estimated that the time required to distalise the maxillary molars with the Pendulum appliance was five months. Therefore, the end of treatment records for the CHG group were taken after 4.96 +/- 0.35 months. Lateral and postero-anterior cephalometric radiographs were taken of both groups at the start (T1) and end of distalisation/treatment (T2). Changes in cephalometric measurements in the two groups were compared with Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests. Measurements indicated that U6-ANS distance, overjet and U1-APo distance increased, U6-PP angle and U6-PTV distance reduced, and the molar relationship improved more in the PEN group compared with the CHG group. Statistically, significant right molar - left molar differences were found between the two groups. Distalisation produced significant side effects, resulting in distal tipping of the first molars and an increase in overjet, whereas the CHG reduced the overjet. The Pendulum appliance was more effective than the CHG in distalising the maxillary first molars.

Effect of grape seed extract against biodegradation of composite resin-dentin shear bond strength

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Generosa, D. M.; Suprastiwi, E.; Asrianti, D.

2017-08-01

This study aimed to analyze the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on resin-dentin shear bond strength. A group of 48 dentin samples were divided into 6 groups. The six groups, each with eight specimens, included group 1 (control), group 2 (control + NaOCl 10%), group 3 (2.9% GSE application before etching), group 4 (2.9% GSE application before etching + NaOCl 10%), group 5 (2.9% GSE application after etching), and group 6 (2.9% GSE application after etching + NaOCl 10%). Shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was done with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test. The highest median value was in group 3, and the lowest value was in group 5. GSE can improve the shear bond strength (p = 0.002 and 0.001), but it has no effect on reducing biodegradation (p = 0.141).

Weakly-interacting massive particles in non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified models

DOE PAGES

Nagata, Natsumi; Olive, Keith A.; Zheng, Jiaming

2015-10-28

Here, non-supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theories provide a framework in which the stability of dark matter is explained while gauge coupling unification is realized. In this work, we systematically study this possibility by classifying weakly interacting dark matter candidates in terms of their quantum numbers of SU(2) L Ⓧ U(1) Y, B – L, and SU(2) R. We consider both scalar and fermion candidates. We show that the requirement of a sufficiently high unification scale to ensure a proton lifetime compatible with experimental constraints plays a strong role in selecting viable candidates. Among the scalar candidates originating from either amore » 16 or 144 of SO(10), only SU(2) L singlets with zero hypercharge or doublets with Y = 1/2 satisfy all constraints for SU(4) C Ⓧ SU(2) L Ⓧ SU(2) R and SU(3) C Ⓧ SU(2) L Ⓧ SU(2) R Ⓧ U(1) B–L intermediate scale gauge groups. Among fermion triplets with zero hypercharge, only a triplet in the 45 with intermediate group SU(4) C Ⓧ SU(2) L Ⓧ SU(2) R leads to solutions with M GUT > M int and a long proton lifetime. We find three models with weak doublets and Y = 1/2 as dark matter candidates for the SU(4) C Ⓧ SU(2) L Ⓧ SU(2) R and SU(4) C Ⓧ SU(2) L Ⓧ U(1) R intermediate scale gauge groups assuming a minimal Higgs content. We also discuss how these models may be tested at accelerators and in dark matter detection experiments.« less

[TSH anti-receptor antibodies in Graves' disease].

PubMed

Sérgio, M R; Godinho, C; Guerra, L; Agapito, A; Fonseca, F; Costa, C

1996-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) in the diagnosis of Graves disease. TRAb was tested by an isotopic receptor assay-TRAK Henning-in 80 newly diagnosed, untreated Graves disease patients (group I), 63 with other thyroid diseases (group II) and 60 controls (group III). In group I, 11 patients were TRAb negative and 7 were considered in the gray area (TRAb between 9 and 14 U/L). In group II, only 2 patients had TRAb 9 U/l and all controls were TRAb negative. For statistical analysis patients with TRAb in gray area were excluded. Sensitivity and specificity for this assay were 84.5 and 100% respectively. Predictive value of 100% affords certainty that a hyperthyroid patient with a positive TRAb has Graves disease, not sequining a scintigram.

Maternal pomegranate juice attenuates maternal inflammation-induced fetal brain injury by inhibition of apoptosis, neural nitric oxide synthase and NF-κB in a rat model.

PubMed

Ginsberg, Yuval; Khatib, Nizar; Saadi, Noor; Ross, Michael G; Weinr, Zeev; Beloosesky, Ron

2018-04-27

Maternal inflammation is a risk factor for neonatal brain injury and future neurological deficits. Pomegranates have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant activities. We hypothesized that pomegranate juice (POM) may attenuate fetal brain injury in a rat model of maternal inflammation. Pregnant rats (24 total) were randomized for i.p. LPS (100 ug/kg) or saline at time 0 at 18 days of gestation. From day 11 of gestation, 12 dams were provided ad libitum access to drinking water, and 12 dams were provided ad libitum access to drinking water with pomegranate juice (5cc per day), resulting in 4 groups of 6 dams (SAL/SAL, POM/SAL, SAL/LPS, POM/LPS). All dams were sacrificed 4 hours following the injection and maternal blood and fetal brains were collected from the 4 treatment groups. Maternal IL-6 serum levels and fetal brain caspase 3 active form (af), NF-kB p65, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (phospho-nNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were determined by ELISA and western blot. Maternal LPS significantly increased maternal serum IL-6 levels (6039 ± 1039 vs 66 ± 46pg/ml; p < 0.05) and fetal brain caspase 3 af, NF-kB p65, phospho-nNOS and the pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the control group (caspase 3 af 0.26 ± 0.01 vs. 0.20 ± 0.01 u; NF-κB p65 0.24 ± 0.01 vs. 0.1 ± 0.01 u; phospho-nNOS 0.23 ± 0.01 vs. 0.11 ± 0.01 u; IL-6 0.25 ± 0.01 vs. 0.09 ± 0.01 u; TNFα 0.26 ± 0.01 vs. 0.12 ± 0.01 u; CCL2 0.23 ± 0.01 vs. 0.1 ± 0.01 u). Maternal supplementation of POM to LPS exposed dams (POM/LPS) significantly reduced maternal serum IL-6 levels (3059± 1121pg/ml, fetal brain: caspase 3 af (0.2 ± 0.01 u), NF-κB p65 (0.22 ± 0.01 u), phospho-nNOS (0.19 ± 0.01 u) as well as the brain pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNFα and CCL2) compared to LPS group. Maternal POM supplementation may attenuate maternal-inflammation-induced fetal brain injury. POM neuroprotective effects might be secondary to the suppression of both the maternal inflammatory response and inhibition of fetal brain apoptosis, neuronal nitric oxide synthase and NF-kB activation. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Fermionic minimal dark matter in 5D gauge-Higgs unification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maru, Nobuhito; Okada, Nobuchika; Okada, Satomi

2017-12-01

We propose a minimal dark matter (MDM) scenario in the context of a simple gauge-Higgs unification (GHU) model based on the gauge group S U (3 )×U (1 )' in five-dimensional Minkowski space with a compactification of the fifth dimension on the 1S/Z2 orbifold. A pair of vectorlike S U (3 ) multiplet fermions in a higher-dimensional representation is introduced in the bulk, and the DM particle is identified with the lightest mass eigenstate among the components in the multiplets. In the original model description, the DM particle communicates with the Standard Model (SM) particles only through the bulk gauge interaction, and hence our model is the GHU version of the MDM scenario. There are two typical realizations of the DM particle in four-dimensional effective theory: (i) the DM particle is mostly composed of the SM S U (2 )L multiplets, or (ii) the DM is mostly composed of the SM S U (2 )L singlets. Since the case (i) is very similar to the original MDM scenario, we focus on the case (ii), which is a realization of the Higgs-portal DM scenario in the context of the GHU model. We identify an allowed parameter region to be consistent with the current experimental constraints, which will be fully covered by the direct dark matter detection experiments in the near future. In the presence of the bulk multiplet fermions in higher-dimensional S U (3 ) representations, we reproduce the 125 GeV Higgs boson mass through the renormalization group evolution of Higgs quartic coupling with the compactification scale of 10-100 TeV.

Electrically contractile polymers augment right ventricular output in the heart.

PubMed

Ruhparwar, Arjang; Piontek, Patricia; Ungerer, Matthias; Ghodsizad, Ali; Partovi, Sasan; Foroughi, Javad; Szabo, Gabor; Farag, Mina; Karck, Matthias; Spinks, Geoffrey M; Kim, Seon Jeong

2014-12-01

Research into the development of artificial heart muscle has been limited to assembly of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes seeded around a matrix, while nonbiological approaches to tissue engineering have rarely been explored. The aim of the study was to apply electrically contractile polymer-based actuators as cardiomyoplasty for positive inotropic support of the right ventricle. Complex trilayer polypyrrole (PPy) bending polymers for high-speed applications were generated. Bending motion occurred directly as a result of electrochemically driven charging and discharging of the PPy layers. In a rat model (n = 5), strips of polymers (3 × 20 mm) were attached and wrapped around the right ventricle (RV). RV pressure was continuously monitored invasively by direct RV cannulation. Electrical activation occurred simultaneously with either diastole (in order to evaluate the polymer's stand-alone contraction capacity; group 1) or systole (group 2). In group 1, the pressure generation capacity of the polymers was measured by determining the area under the pressure curve (area under curve, AUC). In group 2, the RV pressure AUC was measured in complexes directly preceding those with polymer contraction and compared to RV pressure complexes with simultaneous polymer contraction. In group 1, the AUC generated by polymer contraction was 2768 ± 875 U. In group 2, concomitant polymer contraction significantly increased AUC compared with complexes without polymer support (5987 ± 1334 U vs. 4318 ± 691 U, P ≤ 0.01). Electrically contractile polymers are able to significantly augment right ventricular contraction. This approach may open new perspectives for myocardial tissue engineering, possibly in combination with fetal or embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Copyright © 2014 International Center for Artificial Organs and Transplantation and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Formononetin induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and MiR-375 in vitro and in vivo.

PubMed

Hu, Wei; Xiao, ZengMing

2015-01-01

Phytoestrogens are known to prevent tumor progression by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Formononetin is one of the main components of red clover plants, and is considered as a typical phytoestrogen. This study investigates formononetin induction of apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression in vitro and in vivo. U2OS cells were treated with different concentrations of formononetin and the proliferation of the cells was measured using an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The levels of miR-375, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression in treated cells were determined by Western blot and RT-PCR. The antitumor activity of formononetin was also evaluated in vivo in nude mice bearing orthotopic tumor implants. High concentrations of formononetin significantly suppress the proliferation of U2OS cells and induce cell apoptosis. Moreover, compared to control group the expression of Bcl-2 and miR-375 decreases with formononetin in the U2OS cells, while Bax increases. Formononetin has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of U2SO cells, both in vitro and in vivo. This antitumor effect is directly correlated with formononetin concentration. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Association study of DRD2 and MAOA genes with subtyped alcoholism comorbid with bipolar disorder in Han Chinese.

PubMed

Hu, Ming-Chuan; Lee, Sheng-Yu; Wang, Tzu-Yun; Chen, Shiou-Lan; Chang, Yun-Hsuan; Chen, Shih-Heng; Chu, Chun-Hsien; Wang, Chen-Lin; Lee, I Hui; Yeh, Tzung Lieh; Yang, Yen Kuang; Lu, Ru-Band

2013-01-10

Several studies have hypothesized that genes involved in the dopamine system, including dopamine type-2 receptor (DRD2)-related TaqIA polymorphism and monoamine oxidase-A upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR), may be associated with alcoholism. But their results were contradictory because of alcoholism's heterogeneity. Therefore, we examined whether the DRD2TaqIA and MAOA-uVNTR gene polymorphisms are susceptibility factors for alcoholism comorbid with bipolar disorder (ALC+BP) in Han Chinese in Taiwan. We recruited 101 Han Chinese men with comorbid alcoholism and bipolar disorder, and 328 healthy male controls from the community. Genotyping was done using PCR-RFLP. There were no significant differences in the genotypic frequencies of the DRD2TaqIA or the MAOA-uVNTR polymorphisms between the 2 groups. The MAOA-uVNTR 3-repeat had a significant protective effect on the ALC+BP (odds ratio=0.432, p=0.035) but not on the healthy controls. However, the interaction between the MAOA-uVNTR 3-repeat and DRD2 A1/A2 was a risk factor in the ALC+BP (odds ratio=3.451, p=0.018). We indicated the impact of the association between MAOA-uVNTR 3-repeat and DRD2 A1/A2 with ALC+BP. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

COX-2 plays a role in angiogenic DBA(+) uNK cell subsets activation and pregnancy protection in LPS-exposed mice.

PubMed

Zavan, Bruno; De Almeida, Eliana Martins; Salles, Évila da Silva Lopes; do Amarante-Paffaro, Andréa Mollica; Paffaro, Valdemar Antonio

2016-08-01

Although uterine Natural Killer (uNK) cells have cytoplasmic granules rich in perforin and granzymes, these cells do not degranulate in normal pregnancy. DBA lectin(+) uNK cells produce angiogenic factors which stimulate remodeling of uterine arterioles to increase blood flow within the growing feto-placental unit. We sought to investigate the importance of COX-2 on mouse pregnancy inoculated with Gram-negative bacteria Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by treating with a selective COX-2 inhibitor (nimesulide). We have combined histochemical, immunohistochemical, stereological, morphometric, behavioral, and litter analyses to investigate mouse pregnancy inoculated with LPS with or without pre-treatment with nimesulide 30 min before LPS injections, focusing on DBA(+) uNK cell response and viability of the pregnancy. LPS caused sickness behavior, an immature DBA(+) uNK influx, decreased mature DBA(+) uNK cell numbers, and triggered a new DBA(low) uNK appearance. These effects of LPS, except the sickness behavior, were prevented by nimesulide. COX-2 inhibition also prevented the down-regulation of uNK perforin and spiral arteriole α-actin expression stimulated by LPS. While the litter size from Nimesulide + LPS-treated mothers was significantly smaller compared to those from LPS-treated group, nimesulide alone showed no effect on the offspring. Collectively, our data indicate that COX-2 changes angiogenic DBA(+) uNK cells in order to protect mouse pregnancy after LPS injection. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Value Choices--Similar or Different.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrington, Thomas F.; Harrington, Joan C.

Values are important in understanding what a person wants from life, from work, and from the various roles that one plays in life. This study examined the most and least popular values chosen by diverse groups of people: 9,650 U.S. students in grades 7 through 12; 2,925 U.S. college freshmen; 571 Spanish-speaking Americans from Massachusetts and…

MAGTF’s for NEF’s: Revolutionary Adaptive Force Packaging or Getting by with Less

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-08

13. 14 Ibid., p. 2. 15. Captain Robert 0. Crawshaw , USN, "What is a Maritime Action Group?" U. S. Naval Institute Proceedings, January 1993. p. 28. 1...Amphibious Force Mediterranean" Headquarters, U. S. Marine Corps, Information Paper, November 1993. Crawshaw , Captain Robert 0., USN, "What is a

Photocopy of measured drawing (from Records of the U. S. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of measured drawing (from Records of the U. S. Coast Guard, Record Group 26, National Archives) ca. 1872, delineator unknown "FOG SIGNALS. FOG BELL OF PORTLAND HEAD, ME." (5" x 7" print; 4" x 5" negative) - Portland Head Light, Portland Head, approximately 1/2 mile East of Shore Road, Cape Elizabeth, Cumberland County, ME

U.S. Tests Awaiting Big Shifts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gewertz, Catherine; Robelen, Erik W.

2010-01-01

In a move that could reshape academic assessment in nearly every corner of the country, the U.S. Department of Education has awarded $330 million in grants to collaboratives of states to design better ways of measuring student learning. The grants, awarded Sept. 2, went to two groups of states that sought the money under the federal Race to the…

Issues Affecting U.S. Filipino Student Access to Postsecondary Education: A Critical Race Theory Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buenavista, Tracy Lachica

2010-01-01

There are 3.2 million Filipinos in the United States, arguably the largest Asian American ethnic group. Although 36.7% of Filipino adults have college degrees, which is much higher than their ethnic and racial counterparts, U.S. Filipino youth have fewer postsecondary opportunities. Filipino immigrant and second-generation youth exhibit high…

Induction of Apoptosis in U937 Cells by Using a Combination of Bortezomib and Low-Intensity Ultrasound

PubMed Central

Saliev, Timur; Feril, Loreto B.; Ogawa, Koichi; Watanabe, Akiko; Begimbetova, Dinara; Molkenov, Askhat; Alimbetov, Dauren; Tachibana, Katsuro

2016-01-01

Background We scrutinized the feasibility of apoptosis induction in blood cancer cells by means of low-intensity ultrasound and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade). Material/Methods Human leukemic monocyte lymphoma U937 cells were subjected to ultrasound in the presence of bortezomib and the echo contrast agent Sonazoid. Two types of acoustic intensity (0.18 W/cm2 and 0.05 W/cm2) were used for the experiments. Treated U937 cells were analyzed for viability and levels of early and late apoptosis. In addition, scanning electron microscopy analysis of treated cells was performed. Results The percentage of cells that underwent early apoptosis in the group treated with ultrasound and Sonazoid was 8.0±1.31% (intensity 0.18 W/cm2) and 7.0±1.69% (0.05 W/cm2). However, coupling of bortezomib and Sonazoid resulted in an increase in the percentage of cells in the early apoptosis phase, up to 32.50±3.59% (intensity 0.18 W/cm2) and 33.0±4.90% (0.05 W/cm2). The percentage of U937 cells in the late apoptosis stage was not significantly different from that in the group treated with bortezomib only. Conclusions Our findings indicate the feasibility of apoptosis induction in blood cancer cells by using a combination of bortezomib, ultrasound contrast agents, and low-intensity ultrasound. PMID:28003640

Radiation dose in coronary angiography and intervention: initial results from the establishment of a multi-centre diagnostic reference level in Queensland public hospitals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crowhurst, James A, E-mail: jimcrowhurst@hotmail.com; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland; Whitby, Mark

Radiation dose to patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is relatively high. Guidelines suggest that a local benchmark or diagnostic reference level (DRL) be established for these procedures. This study sought to create a DRL for ICA procedures in Queensland public hospitals. Data were collected for all Cardiac Catheter Laboratories in Queensland public hospitals. Data were collected for diagnostic coronary angiography (CA) and single-vessel percutaneous intervention (PCI) procedures. Dose area product (P{sub KA}), skin surface entrance dose (K{sub AR}), fluoroscopy time (FT), and patient height and weight were collected for 3 months. The DRL was set from the 75th percentilemore » of the P{sub KA.} 2590 patients were included in the CA group where the median FT was 3.5 min (inter-quartile range = 2.3–6.1). Median K{sub AR} = 581 mGy (374–876). Median P{sub KA} = 3908 uGym{sup 2} (2489–5865) DRL = 5865 uGym{sup 2}. 947 patients were included in the PCI group where median FT was 11.2 min (7.7–17.4). Median K{sub AR} = 1501 mGy (928–2224). Median P{sub KA} = 8736 uGym{sup 2} (5449–12,900) DRL = 12,900 uGym{sup 2}. This study established a benchmark for radiation dose for diagnostic and interventional coronary angiography in Queensland public facilities.« less

Nutritive value of cold-pressed camelina cake with or without supplementation of multi-enzyme in broiler chickens.

PubMed

Woyengo, T A; Patterson, R; Slominski, B A; Beltranena, E; Zijlstra, R T

2016-10-01

The objectives were to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and AMEn value of cold-pressed camelina cake (CPCC) and the effect of adding multi-enzyme to a corn-CPCC diet for broilers. The 600 male broiler chicks were divided into 40 groups and fed 5 diets in a completely randomized design (8 groups per diet) from d 15 to d 21 of age. A corn basal diet and the basal diet with 30% of it replaced by CPCC were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with or without multi-enzyme (2,800 U of cellulase, 1,800 U of pectinase, 400 U of mannanase, 50 U of galactanase, 1,000 U of xylanase, 600 U of glucanase, 2,500 U of amylase, and 200 U of protease/kilogram of diet; Superzyme OM, 1 g/kg). The fifth diet was N-free. The corn basal diet was fed to determine nutrient digestibility and retention for CPCC by substitution. The N-free diet was fed to estimate basal endogenous AA losses for determining SID of AA. Diets contained TiO2 as indigestible marker. On a DM basis, CPCC contained 39.8% CP, 38.3% neutral detergent fiber, 12.7% ether extract, 1.89% Lys, 0.70% Met, 1.56% Thr, and 0.45% Trp. The SID of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp for CPCC were 76.5, 85.5, 72.8, and 84.1%, respectively. The AMEn value for CPCC was 1,671 kcal/kg of DM. Multi-enzyme supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the SID of Met and Thr and the AMEn value of the corn-CPCC-based diet by 1.4, 1.3, and 3.0%, respectively. The multi-enzyme increased (P = 0.026) the AMEn value of CPCC from 1,671 to 1,941 kcal/kg of DM. In conclusion, the CPCC evaluated in the present study can be included in poultry diets as a source of energy and AA. Multi-enzyme supplementation increased the AMEn value of CPCC for broilers. © 2016 Poultry Science Association Inc.

High-dose HOOK effect in urinary DcR2 assay in patients with chronic kidney disease.

PubMed

Chen, Jia; Chen, Ke-Hong; Wang, Li-Ming; Zhang, Wei-Wei; Feng, Lei; Dai, Huan-Zi; He, Ya-Ni

2018-06-05

Urinary DcR2 (uDcR2) is a biomarker for the early detection the tubulointerstitial injury (TII) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the high-dose hook effect may lead to falsely low or even negative results when using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This study aimed to investigate if the high-dose hook effect exists with ELISA testing, and to uncover a potential approach for reducing this effect. 72 CKD patients were recruited and categorized into four groups based on TII scores. uDcR2 was measured in undiluted and serially diluted (two-, four-, eight- and 16-fold dilutions) urine using an ELISA kit. The results from the assay were normalized to urinary creatinine. We evaluated the correlation between uDcR2/cre levels at different dilutions and renal histological parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to examine the value of uDcR2/cre for predicting TII. uDcR2/cre levels in the undiluted urine were significantly higher in patients with CKD than those in the control. However, higher TII scores did not yield higher levels of uDcR2/cre in the undiluted urine. After serial dilution, uDcR2/cre levels were highest with the four-fold dilution. A positive correlation was found between uDcR2/cre levels at different dilutions and TII scores, with the highest correlation coefficient and the largest AUC being observed at the four-fold dilution. The high-dose hook effect was apparent during ELISA testing of uDcR2 in CKD patients, yet dilution of the urine samples neutralized this effect. However, the use of a four-fold dilution of urine for uDcR2/cre testing may eliminate the high-dose hook effect and make it possible to effectively monitor the severity of TII in CKD patients. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Alpha List of Prime Contract Awards. Oct 92-Sep 93. FY93. (U. S. Refuse Services Inc. - Vystar Group Inc.). Part 19

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

u IU U) ’ 4U I U 0 U4 00. 09 0 -a0 W) o Gao W)o G0 00) 00 Wan ON NC’ NO I o If (Ŗ r . oc o oc 4 a’P0 0 C ) -’*G0COGOD le40 .. r. 0 00 0 P-P P-V (O...In It 0 1 O cc Cmm0oi L)LnL L n 0 inI O n nIn 0N in rn jIni nvi)v)wi n n n In in Ln (0((0(n0u) o00 art v0N(m0mvi m u i n iv2Om NL 11 4- 1ov WO a i

Monte Carlo analyses of TRX slightly enriched uranium-H/sub 2/O critical experiments with ENDF/B-IV and related data sets (AWBA Development Program)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hardy, J. Jr.

1977-12-01

Four H/sub 2/O-moderated, slightly-enriched-uranium critical experiments were analyzed by Monte Carlo methods with ENDF/B-IV data. These were simple metal-rod lattices comprising Cross Section Evaluation Working Group thermal reactor benchmarks TRX-1 through TRX-4. Generally good agreement with experiment was obtained for calculated integral parameters: the epi-thermal/thermal ratio of U238 capture (rho/sup 28/) and of U235 fission (delta/sup 25/), the ratio of U238 capture to U235 fission (CR*), and the ratio of U238 fission to U235 fission (delta/sup 28/). Full-core Monte Carlo calculations for two lattices showed good agreement with cell Monte Carlo-plus-multigroup P/sub l/ leakage corrections. Newly measured parameters for themore » low energy resonances of U238 significantly improved rho/sup 28/. In comparison with other CSEWG analyses, the strong correlation between K/sub eff/ and rho/sup 28/ suggests that U238 resonance capture is the major problem encountered in analyzing these lattices.« less

Decreased carbon shunting from glucose towards oxidative metabolism in diet-induced ketotic rat brain

PubMed Central

Zhang, Yifan; Zhang, Shenghui; Marin-Valencia, Isaac; Puchowicz, Michelle A.

2014-01-01

The mechanistic link of ketosis to neuroprotection under certain pathological conditions continues to be explored. We investigated whether chronic ketosis induced by ketogenic diet results in the partitioning of ketone bodies towards oxidative metabolism in brain. We hypothesized that diet-induced ketosis results in increased shunting of ketone bodies towards citric acid cycle (CAC) and amino acids with decreased carbon shunting from glucose. Rats were fed standard (STD) or ketogenic (KG) diets for 3.5 weeks and then infused with [U-13C]glucose or [U-13C]acetoacetate tracers. Concentrations and 13C-labeling pattern of CAC intermediates and amino acids were analyzed from brain homogenates using stable isotopomer mass spectrometry analysis. The contribution of [U-13C]glucose to acetyl-CoA and amino acids decreased by ~30% in the KG group vs STD, whereas [U-13C]acetoacetate contributions were more than 2-fold higher. The concentration of GABA remained constant across all groups; however, the 13C-labeling of GABA was markedly increased in the KG group infused with [U-13C]acetoacetate compared to STD. This study reveals that there is a significant contribution of ketone bodies to oxidative metabolism and GABA in diet-induced ketosis. We propose that this represents a fundamental mechanism of neuroprotection under pathological conditions. PMID:25314677

Weekly 24-hour continuous infusion interleukin-2 for metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma: a phase I study.

PubMed

Perez, E A; Scudder, S A; Meyers, F A; Tanaka, M S; Paradise, C; Gandara, D R

1991-02-01

Twenty-nine patients with biopsy-confirmed metastatic melanoma (17) or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (12) were treated with escalating doses or recombinant human interleukin-2 (IL-2) administered as weekly 24-h intravenous infusions. Patients received from 3 to 12 x 10(6) C.U./m2 (18-72 x 10(6) I.U./m2) weekly over a treatment period of 1 to 16 weeks, with a median of eight weekly cycles administered. Patients in all treatment groups experienced non-life-threatening systemic side effects consisting of fever, nausea, vomiting, fluid retention, and diarrhea. Grade III hypotension was seen in four of six patients (67%) at 12 x 10(6) C.U./m2, and represented the dose-limiting toxicity. Grade IV hypotension occurred in 1 of 14 patients at 6 x 10(6) C.U./m2; no other grade IV toxicities were observed. Grade III fever occurred in 3 of 11 patients (27%) treated at 3 x 10(6) C.U./m2, 3 of 14 patients (21%) at 6 x 10(6) C.U./m2, and 3 of 6 patients (50%) at 9 x 10(6) C.U./m2. An objective response was observed in 3 of 28 evaluable patients (10%): 1 complete response and 1 partial response in renal cell cancer, and 1 partial response in a melanoma patient. We conclude that for future studies, the recommended dose of IL-2 given as a weekly 24-h infusion is 9 x 10(6) C.U./m2 and that a low rate of objective tumor response can be obtained in patients with melanoma and renal cell carcinoma using this regimen.

Metabolic syndrome: prevalence among American Indian and Alaska native people living in the southwestern United States and in Alaska.

PubMed

Schumacher, Catherine; Ferucci, Elizabeth D; Lanier, Anne P; Slattery, Martha L; Schraer, Cynthia D; Raymer, Terry W; Dillard, Denise; Murtaugh, Maureen A; Tom-Orme, Lillian

2008-12-01

Metabolic syndrome occurs commonly in the United States. The purpose of this study was to measure the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among American Indian and Alaska Native people. We measured the prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome, as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program, among four groups of American Indian and Alaska Native people aged 20 years and older. One group was from the southwestern United States (Navajo Nation), and three groups resided within Alaska. Prevalence rates were age-adjusted to the U.S. adult 2000 population and compared to rates for U.S. whites (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES] 1988-1994). Among participants from the southwestern United States, metabolic syndrome was found among 43.2% of men and 47.3% of women. Among Alaska Native people, metabolic syndrome was found among 26.5% of men and 31.2% of women. In Alaska, the prevalence rate varied by region, ranging among men from 18.9% (western Alaska) to 35.1% (southeast), and among women from 22.0% (western Alaska) to 38.4 % (southeast). Compared to U.S. whites, American Indian/Alaska Native men and women from all regions except western Alaska were more likely to have metabolic syndrome; men in western Alaska were less likely to have metabolic syndrome than U.S. whites, and the prevalence among women in western Alaska was similar to that of U.S. whites. The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome varies widely among different American Indian and Alaska Native populations. Differences paralleled differences in the prevalence rates of diabetes.

15 CFR 740.14 - Baggage (BAG).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... to Country Groups D:1, D:2, D:3, D:4, or E:1. (See Supplement No. 1 of this part). (e) Special... or reexport encryption commodities and software to any destination not in Country Group E:1 of... United States as defined by 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20) (except a national of a country listed in Country Group...

76 FR 58039 - Notice of Inventory Completion: Thomas Burke Memorial Washington State Museum, University of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-19

... to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there is a relationship of shared group identity that can be reasonably traced... Indian group (hereinafter ``The Indian Group''). History and Description of the Remains In 1953-1954... (NIC) describing 4 individuals and 42 associated funerary objects removed from the Cedar Cave site was...

43 CFR Appendix B to Part 10 - Sample Notice of Inventory Completion

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... relationship of shared group identity between these individuals and the Wabanaki Tribes of Maine. The... has found it reasonable to trace a shared group identity from the Late Prehistoric Period (1000-1500... determined that, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is a relationship of shared group identity which can...

Forces Changing Our Nation's Future: The Comparative Performance of U.S. Adults and Youth on International Literacy Assessments, the Importance of Literacy/Numeracy Proficiencies for Labor Market Success, and the Projected Outlook for Literacy Proficiencies of U.S. Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sum, Andrew

2007-01-01

This presentation is devoted to four main topics: (1) the comparative performance of U.S. adults and high school students on international literacy assessments; (2) the literacy/numeracy proficiencies of the nation's adults in different educational groups and among those who recently participated in federally-funded adult education programs; (3)…

Large-scale purification and crystallization of the endoribonuclease XendoU: troubleshooting with His-tagged proteins

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Renzi, Fabiana; Panetta, Gianna; Vallone, Beatrice

Recombinant His-tagged XendoU, a eukaryotic endoribonuclease, appeared to aggregate in the presence of divalent cations. Monodisperse protein which yielded crystals diffracting to 2.2 Å was obtained by addition of EDTA. XendoU is the first endoribonuclease described in higher eukaryotes as being involved in the endonucleolytic processing of intron-encoded small nucleolar RNAs. It is conserved among eukaryotes and its viral homologue is essential in SARS replication and transcription. The large-scale purification and crystallization of recombinant XendoU are reported. The tendency of the recombinant enzyme to aggregate could be reversed upon the addition of chelating agents (EDTA, imidazole): aggregation is a potentialmore » drawback when purifying and crystallizing His-tagged proteins, which are widely used, especially in high-throughput structural studies. Purified monodisperse XendoU crystallized in two different space groups: trigonal P3{sub 1}21, diffracting to low resolution, and monoclinic C2, diffracting to higher resolution.« less

ON THE FORMATION OF AMIDE POLYMERS VIA CARBONYL–AMINO GROUP LINKAGES IN ENERGETICALLY PROCESSED ICES OF ASTROPHYSICAL RELEVANCE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Förstel, Marko; Maksyutenko, Pavlo; Jones, Brant M.

2016-04-01

We report on the formation of organic amide polymers via carbonyl–amino group linkages in carbon monoxide and ammonia bearing energetically processed ices of astrophysical relevance. The first group comprises molecules with one carboxyl group and an increasing number of amine moieties starting with formamide (45 u), urea (60 u), and hydrazine carboxamide (75 u). The second group consists of species with two carboxyl (58 u) and up to three amine groups (73 u, 88 u, and 103 u). The formation and polymerization of these linkages from simple inorganic molecules via formamide und urea toward amide polymers is discussed in anmore » astrophysical and astrobiological context. Our results show that long chain molecules, which are closely related to polypeptides, easily form by energetically processing simple, inorganic ices at very low temperatures and can be released into the gas phase by sublimation of the ices in star-forming regions. Our experimental results were obtained by employing reflectron time-of-flight mass spectroscopy, coupled with soft, single photon vacuum ultraviolet photoionization; they are complemented by theoretical calculations.« less

Chromium chains as polydentate fluoride ligands for actinides and group IV metals.

PubMed

Leng, Ji-Dong; Kostopoulos, Andreas K; Isherwood, Liam H; Ariciu, Ana-Maria; Tuna, Floriana; Vitórica-Yrezábal, Iñigo J; Pritchard, Robin G; Whitehead, George F S; Timco, Grigore A; Mills, David P; Winpenny, Richard E P

2018-05-08

The reactions of {Cr6} horseshoe chains {[nPr2NH2]3[Cr6F11(O2CtBu)10]}2, 1 and precursors of actinides and group IV metals led to a series of ring complexes [nPr2NH2][Cr7TiF6O2(O2CtBu)16], 2, [nPr2NH2][Cr6Ti2F5O3(O2CtBu)16], 3, [Cr6ThF7(O2CtBu)15 (Me2SO)], 4, [(nPr2NH2)2(Cr6Th2F12(O2CtBu)16)], 5 and [nPr2NH2][Cr6U2O2F8(O2CtBu)16(Me2SO)], 6. X-ray structure studies indicate that the {Cr6} chains maintain their structures in these complexes, acting as polydentate fluoride ligands. Their static magnetic properties were measured and fitted by isotropic exchange Hamiltonian. In accordance with 1, the magnetic exchanges between CrIII are antiferromagnetic, while the exchange interactions can be modified by the tetravalent metals. For compound 6, ferromagnetic exchanges JCr-U and JU-U are obtained. EPR spectra of compounds 2-5 were measured at Q band and were simulated. The spectrum of 2 has the same profile as {Cr7Cd} and {Cr7Zn} rings with a ground state S = 3/2. 3, 4 and 5 give similar EPR spectra with S = 0 ground states.

[Comparison between J-hook and micro-implant anchorage in the treatment of patients with bimaxillary protrusion].

PubMed

Chen, Wen-Jing; Li, Qing-Yi; Gong, Ai-Xiu; Hu, Fang; Gu, Yong-Jia

2008-02-01

To compare the difference between J-hook and micro-implant anchorage in the treatment of patient with bimaxillary protrusion. Thirty patients with bimaxillary protrusion were divided into two groups (J-hook and micro-implant groups) and treated with MBT appliance. Four first premolars were extracted in all patients. Cephalometric analyses were carried out before and after treatment. In J-hook group and micro-implant group,computerized cephalometric analysis revealed that before treatment U6C-PP was (12.4 +/- 0.2) mm and (12.5 +/- 0.1) mm, respectively,and after treatment U6C-PP was (12.6 +/- 0.1) mm and (12.8 +/- 0.1) mm,respectively. The difference between J-hook group and microimplant group was significant (P < 0.01). The other differences of cephalometric analyses between J-hook group and micro-implant group was not significant. Both J-hook and micro-implant could provide adequate anchorage in the treatment of patients with bimaxillary protrusion.

Effectiveness of Cognitive, Exposure, and Skills Group Manualized Treatments in OIF/OEF Female Veterans

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

Beck depression inventory--2nd Edition Manual . The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M. Mock, J., & Erbaugh...08-2-0022 TITLE: Effectiveness of Cognitive, Exposure, and Skills Group Manualized Treatments in OIF/OEF Female Veterans PRINCIPAL...Approved for public release; distribution unlimited Distribution limited to U.S. Government agencies only; report

A New Class of SINEs with snRNA Gene-Derived Heads

PubMed Central

Kojima, Kenji K.

2015-01-01

Eukaryotic genomes are colonized by various transposons including short interspersed elements (SINEs). The 5′ region (head) of the majority of SINEs is derived from one of the three types of RNA genes—7SL RNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), or 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)—and the internal promoter inside the head promotes the transcription of the entire SINEs. Here I report a new group of SINEs whose heads originate from either the U1 or U2 small nuclear RNA gene. These SINEs, named SINEU, are distributed among crocodilians and classified into three families. The structures of the SINEU-1 subfamilies indicate the recurrent addition of a U1- or U2-derived sequence onto the 5′ end of SINEU-1 elements. SINEU-1 and SINEU-3 are ancient and shared among alligators, crocodiles, and gharials, while SINEU-2 is absent in the alligator genome. SINEU-2 is the only SINE family that was active after the split of crocodiles and gharials. All SINEU families, especially SINEU-3, are preferentially inserted into a family of Mariner DNA transposon, Mariner-N4_AMi. A group of Tx1 non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons designated Tx1-Mar also show target preference for Mariner-N4_AMi, indicating that SINEU was mobilized by Tx1-Mar. PMID:26019167

A New Class of SINEs with snRNA Gene-Derived Heads.

PubMed

Kojima, Kenji K

2015-05-27

Eukaryotic genomes are colonized by various transposons including short interspersed elements (SINEs). The 5' region (head) of the majority of SINEs is derived from one of the three types of RNA genes--7SL RNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), or 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)--and the internal promoter inside the head promotes the transcription of the entire SINEs. Here I report a new group of SINEs whose heads originate from either the U1 or U2 small nuclear RNA gene. These SINEs, named SINEU, are distributed among crocodilians and classified into three families. The structures of the SINEU-1 subfamilies indicate the recurrent addition of a U1- or U2-derived sequence onto the 5' end of SINEU-1 elements. SINEU-1 and SINEU-3 are ancient and shared among alligators, crocodiles, and gharials, while SINEU-2 is absent in the alligator genome. SINEU-2 is the only SINE family that was active after the split of crocodiles and gharials. All SINEU families, especially SINEU-3, are preferentially inserted into a family of Mariner DNA transposon, Mariner-N4_AMi. A group of Tx1 non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons designated Tx1-Mar also show target preference for Mariner-N4_AMi, indicating that SINEU was mobilized by Tx1-Mar. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Flow sorting of C-genome chromosomes from wild relatives of wheat Aegilops markgrafii, Ae. triuncialis and Ae. cylindrica, and their molecular organization.

PubMed

Molnár, István; Vrána, Jan; Farkas, András; Kubaláková, Marie; Cseh, András; Molnár-Láng, Márta; Doležel, Jaroslav

2015-08-01

Aegilops markgrafii (CC) and its natural hybrids Ae. triuncialis (U(t)U(t)C(t)C(t)) and Ae. cylindrica (D(c)D(c)C(c)C(c)) represent a rich reservoir of useful genes for improvement of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), but the limited information available on their genome structure and the shortage of molecular (cyto-) genetic tools hamper the utilization of the extant genetic diversity. This study provides the complete karyotypes in the three species obtained after fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes, and evaluates the potential of flow cytometric chromosome sorting. The flow karyotypes obtained after the analysis of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-stained chromosomes were characterized and the chromosome content of the peaks on the flow karyotypes was determined by FISH. Twenty-nine conserved orthologous set (COS) markers covering all seven wheat homoeologous chromosome groups were used for PCR with DNA amplified from flow-sorted chromosomes and genomic DNA. FISH with repetitive DNA probes revealed that chromosomes 4C, 5C, 7C(t), T6U(t)S.6U(t)L-5C(t)L, 1C(c) and 5D(c) could be sorted with purities ranging from 66 to 91 %, while the remaining chromosomes could be sorted in groups of 2-5. This identified a partial wheat-C-genome homology for group 4 and 5 chromosomes. In addition, 1C chromosomes were homologous with group 1 of wheat; a small segment from group 2 indicated 1C-2C rearrangement. An extensively rearranged structure of chromosome 7C relative to wheat was also detected. The possibility of purifying Aegilops chromosomes provides an attractive opportunity to investigate the structure and evolution of the Aegilops C genome and to develop molecular tools to facilitate the identification of alien chromatin and support alien introgression breeding in bread wheat. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Density matrix renormalization group study of a three-orbital Hubbard model with spin-orbit coupling in one dimension

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaushal, Nitin; Herbrych, Jacek W.; Nocera, Alberto

Using the density matrix renormalization group technique we study the effect of spin-orbit coupling on a three-orbital Hubbard model in the (t 2g) 4 sector and in one dimension. Fixing the Hund coupling to a robust value compatible with some multiorbital materials, we present the phase diagram varying the Hubbard U and spin-orbit coupling λ, at zero temperature. Our results are shown to be qualitatively similar to those recently reported using the dynamical mean-field theory in higher dimensions, providing a robust basis to approximate many-body techniques. Among many results, we observe an interesting transition from an orbital-selective Mott phase tomore » an excitonic insulator with increasing λ at intermediate U. In the strong U coupling limit, we find a nonmagnetic insulator with an effective angular momentum <(J eff) 2>≠0 near the excitonic phase, smoothly connected to the <(J eff) 2>=0 regime. In conclusion, we also provide a list of quasi-one-dimensional materials where the physics discussed in this paper could be realized.« less

Density matrix renormalization group study of a three-orbital Hubbard model with spin-orbit coupling in one dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaushal, Nitin; Herbrych, Jacek; Nocera, Alberto; Alvarez, Gonzalo; Moreo, Adriana; Reboredo, F. A.; Dagotto, Elbio

2017-10-01

Using the density matrix renormalization group technique we study the effect of spin-orbit coupling on a three-orbital Hubbard model in the (t2g) 4 sector and in one dimension. Fixing the Hund coupling to a robust value compatible with some multiorbital materials, we present the phase diagram varying the Hubbard U and spin-orbit coupling λ , at zero temperature. Our results are shown to be qualitatively similar to those recently reported using the dynamical mean-field theory in higher dimensions, providing a robust basis to approximate many-body techniques. Among many results, we observe an interesting transition from an orbital-selective Mott phase to an excitonic insulator with increasing λ at intermediate U . In the strong U coupling limit, we find a nonmagnetic insulator with an effective angular momentum 〈(Jeff)2〉≠0 near the excitonic phase, smoothly connected to the 〈(Jeff)2〉=0 regime. We also provide a list of quasi-one-dimensional materials where the physics discussed in this paper could be realized.

Density matrix renormalization group study of a three-orbital Hubbard model with spin-orbit coupling in one dimension

DOE PAGES

Kaushal, Nitin; Herbrych, Jacek W.; Nocera, Alberto; ...

2017-10-09

Using the density matrix renormalization group technique we study the effect of spin-orbit coupling on a three-orbital Hubbard model in the (t 2g) 4 sector and in one dimension. Fixing the Hund coupling to a robust value compatible with some multiorbital materials, we present the phase diagram varying the Hubbard U and spin-orbit coupling λ, at zero temperature. Our results are shown to be qualitatively similar to those recently reported using the dynamical mean-field theory in higher dimensions, providing a robust basis to approximate many-body techniques. Among many results, we observe an interesting transition from an orbital-selective Mott phase tomore » an excitonic insulator with increasing λ at intermediate U. In the strong U coupling limit, we find a nonmagnetic insulator with an effective angular momentum <(J eff) 2>≠0 near the excitonic phase, smoothly connected to the <(J eff) 2>=0 regime. In conclusion, we also provide a list of quasi-one-dimensional materials where the physics discussed in this paper could be realized.« less

Hyperintense white matter lesions in 50 high-altitude pilots with neurologic decompression sickness.

PubMed

McGuire, Stephen A; Sherman, Paul M; Brown, Anthony C; Robinson, Andrew Y; Tate, David F; Fox, Peter T; Kochunov, Peter V

2012-12-01

Neurologic decompression sickness (NDCS) can affect high-altitude pilots, causing variable central nervous system symptoms. Five recent severe episodes prompted further investigation. We report the hyperintense white matter (HWM) lesion imaging findings in 50 U-2 pilot volunteers, and compare 12 U-2 pilots who experienced clinical NDCS to 38 U-2 pilots who did not. The imaging data were collected using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner and high-resolution (1-mm isotropic) three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence. Whole-brain and regional lesion volume and number were compared between groups. The NDCS group had significantly increased whole brain and insular volumes of HWM lesions. The intergroup difference in lesion numbers was not significant. A clinical episode of NDCS was associated with a significant increase in HWM lesion volume, especially in the insula. We postulate this to be due to hypobaric exposure rather than hypoxia since all pilots were maintained on 100% oxygen throughout the flight. Further studies will be necessary to better understand the pathophysiology underlying these lesions.

Hyperintense White Matter Lesions in 50 High-Altitude Pilots With Neurologic Decompression Sickness

PubMed Central

McGuire, Stephen A.; Sherman, Paul M.; Brown, Anthony C.; Robinson, Andrew Y.; Tate, David F.; Fox, Peter T.; Kochunov, Peter V.

2013-01-01

Introduction Neurologic decompression sickness (NDCS) can affect high-altitude pilots, causing variable central nervous system symptoms. Five recent severe episodes prompted further investigation. Methods We report the hyperintense white matter (HWM) lesion imaging findings in 50 U-2 pilot volunteers, and compare 12 U-2 pilots who experienced clinical NDCS to 38 U-2 pilots who did not. The imaging data were collected using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner and high-resolution (1-mm isotropic) three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence. Whole-brain and regional lesion volume and number were compared between groups. Results The NDCS group had significantly increased whole brain and insular volumes of HWM lesions. The intergroup difference in lesion numbers was not significant. Conclusion A clinical episode of NDCS was associated with a significant increase in HWM lesion volume, especially in the insula. We postulate this to be due to hypobaric exposure rather than hypoxia since all pilots were maintained on 100% oxygen throughout the flight. Further studies will be necessary to better understand the pathophysiology underlying these lesions. PMID:23316539

Isolation and characterization of rabbit anti-m3 2,2,7G antibodies.

PubMed Central

Luhrmann, R; Appel, B; Bringmann, P; Rinke, J; Reuter, R; Rothe, S; Bald, R

1982-01-01

Antibodies specific for intact 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (m3 2,2,7G) were induced by immunization of rabbits with a nucleoside-human serum albumen (HSA) conjugate. Competition radioimmunoassay showed that the antibody distinguishes well between intact m3 2,2,7G and its alkali-hydrolysed form (m3 2,2,7G*). Antibody specificity is largely dependent on the presence of all three methyl groups in m3 2,2,7G: none of the less extensively methylated nucleosides m7G, m2G and m2 2,2G is able to compete efficiently with the homologous hapten. Little or no competition was observed with m1G, m1A, m6A, m5U and each of the four unmodified ribonucleosides. Binding studies with nucleoplasmic RNAs from Ehrlich ascites cells suggest that the antibody reacts specifically with the m3 2,2,7G-containing cap structure of the small nuclear U-RNAs (U-snRNAs). Thus the antibody should be a valuable tool for studying the role of the 5'-terminal regions of the U-snRNAs of eucaryotic cells. Images PMID:7155893

The crystal structures of α- and β-CdUO 4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamashita, Toshiyuki; Fujino, Takeo; Masaki, Norio; Tagawa, Hiroaki

1981-04-01

The structural parameters of α- and β-CdUO 4 crystals are determined by X-ray powder diffraction technique. α-CdUO 4 is rhombohedral and cell parameters are a = 6.233(3) Å and α = 36.12(5)°. β-CdUO 4 crystallizes in a C-centered orthorhombic cell with a = 7.023(4), b = 6.849(3), c = 3.514 (2) Å. The space groups are R overline3m for α-CdUO 4 and Cmmm for β-CdUO 4. α-CdUO 4: 1U in (000), 1Cd in ( {1}/{2}{1}/{2}{1}/{2}), 2O(1) in ±( uuu), 2O(2) in ±( vvv); u = 0.113, v = 0.350, Z = 1. β-CdUO 4: 2U in ( 000; {1}/{2}{1}/{2} 0 ), 2Cd in ( {1}/{2} 0 {1}/{2}; 0 {1}/{2}, {1}/{2}), 4O(1) in ( 0, ±y, 0; {1}/{2}, {1}/{2} ±y, 0 ), 4O(2) in ( ±x, 0, {1}/{2}; {1}/{2} ±x, {1}/{2}, {1}/{2}); x = 0.159, y = 0.278, Z = 2. β-CdUO 4 contains collinear uranyl UO 2+2 groups with a UO(1) distance of 1.91 Å, located either along or parallel to the c axis whereas the UO(1) bond length in α-CdUO 4 is 1.98 Å which is longer than the usual uranyl bond length.

Twisted quantum double model of topological order with boundaries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bullivant, Alex; Hu, Yuting; Wan, Yidun

2017-10-01

We generalize the twisted quantum double model of topological orders in two dimensions to the case with boundaries by systematically constructing the boundary Hamiltonians. Given the bulk Hamiltonian defined by a gauge group G and a 3-cocycle in the third cohomology group of G over U (1 ) , a boundary Hamiltonian can be defined by a subgroup K of G and a 2-cochain in the second cochain group of K over U (1 ) . The consistency between the bulk and boundary Hamiltonians is dictated by what we call the Frobenius condition that constrains the 2-cochain given the 3-cocyle. We offer a closed-form formula computing the ground-state degeneracy of the model on a cylinder in terms of the input data only, which can be naturally generalized to surfaces with more boundaries. We also explicitly write down the ground-state wave function of the model on a disk also in terms of the input data only.

[Influence of rosiglitazone and all-trans-retinoic acid on angiogenesis and growth of myeloma xenograft in nude mice].

PubMed

Huang, Hai-wen; Chen, Ping; Li, Bing-zong; Fu, Jin-xiang; Li, Jun; Zhang, Xiao-hui; Liu, Rui; Fan, Yin-yin; Zhang, Hong; Chow, Howard C H; Leung, Anska Y H; Liang, Raymond

2012-09-01

To observe the effect of rosiglitazone (RGZ) and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on the growth of myeloma xenograft in nude mice and to explore the influence of RGZ and ATRA on VEGF expression and angiogenesis in the tumor. VEGF gene expression in myeloma cell line U266 cells was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after incubation with RGZ, ATRA, or RGZ + ATRA for 24 h. Myeloma xenograft was established by subcutaneous injection of 10(7) U266 cells in the scapula area of 4-week old nude mice. 7 days later, the nude mice were administered with RGZ, ATRA or RGZ + ATRA, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection once every day for 21 days. The control mice were given equal volume of normal saline instead of the drug. On the 21(st) day of treatment, the mice were sacrificed and the tumors were taken off, and the tumor volume and weight were measured. The tumors were examined by histopathology with HE staining, and microvessel density (MVD), CD34 and VEGF expression in the tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. VEGF mRNA was highly expressed in U266 cells and was decreased in a dose-dependent manner after incubation with RGZ. The VEGF mRNA level was further more decreased after RGZ + ATRA treatment. Xenografts of U266 cells were developed in all nude mice. The volume and weight of xenografts in the RGZ group were (785 ± 262) mm(3) and (1748 ± 365) mg, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control group (both P < 0.01). More significant inhibition was in the RGZ + ATRA group, (154 ± 89) mm(3) and (626 ± 102) mg, respectively, both were P < 0.05 vs. the RGZ group. RGZ inhibited the angiogenesis in U266 xenografts and immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor MVD and VEGF expression were significantly decreased by RGZ treatment, and further more inhibited in the RGZ + ATRA group. VEGF protein was expressed in all xenografts in the nude mice. Its immunohistochemical staining intensity was 2.20 ± 0.40 in the control group, significantly higher than that of 1.48 ± 0.37 in the RGZ group (P < 0.01), and that of RGZ + ATRA group was 0.58 ± 0.26, further significantly lower than that of the RGZ group (P < 0.01). CD34 was expressed in all xenografts, most highly in the control group and lowest in the RGZ + ATRA group. The microvessel density (MVD) was highest in the control group (56.4 ± 15.2), significantly lower in the RGZ group (44.6 ± 11.2) (P < 0.05), and lowest in the RGZ + ATRA group (21.5 ± 8.6, P < 0.01). The growth of myeloma cells can also be inhibited by RGZ and ATRA in nude mice in vivo. In addition to differentiation and apoptosis induction, RGZ can inhibit the formation of myeloma xenograft probably also through the downregulation of VEGF expression and subsequent angiogenesis.

Strategic Purpose of U.S. Military Foreign Humanitarian Assistance Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

Observations—The El Salvador Case. U.S. Military Group, El Salvador Country Team, Fall, 2002, 4. 16...primarily 19 John D. Waghelstein, Military-To-Military Contacts: Personal Observations—The El Salvador Case. U.S. Military Group, El Salvador Country...Observations—The El Salvador Case. U.S. Military Group, El Salvador Country Team. Fall, 2002. Walt, Stephen M. "International Relations: One World, Many

32 CFR 761.10 - Persons: Group authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Airspace Reservation. (b) Military members of the U.S. Armed Forces or U.S. civil service employees of the... military members of the U.S. Armed Forces and U.S. citizen dependents of U.S. civil service employees... 32 National Defense 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Persons: Group authorizations. 761.10 Section...

32 CFR 761.10 - Persons: Group authorizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Airspace Reservation. (b) Military members of the U.S. Armed Forces or U.S. civil service employees of the... military members of the U.S. Armed Forces and U.S. citizen dependents of U.S. civil service employees... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Persons: Group authorizations. 761.10 Section...

Differential Learning as a Key Training Approach to Improve Creative and Tactical Behavior in Soccer.

PubMed

Santos, Sara; Coutinho, Diogo; Gonçalves, Bruno; Schöllhorn, Wolfgang; Sampaio, Jaime; Leite, Nuno

2018-03-01

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a differential-learning program, embedded in small-sided games, on the creative and tactical behavior of youth soccer players. Forty players from under-13 (U13) and under-15 (U15) were allocated into control and experimental groups and were tested using a randomized pretest to posttest design using small-sided games situations. The experimental group participated in a 5-month differential-learning program embodied in small-sided games situations, while the control group participated in a typical small-sided games training program. In-game creativity was assessed through notational analyses of the creative components, and the players' positional data were used to compute tactical-derived variables. The findings suggested that differential learning facilitated the development of creative components, mainly concerning attempts (U13, small; U15, small), versatility (U13, moderate; U15, small), and originality (U13, unclear; U15, small) of players' actions. Likewise, the differential-learning approach provided a decrease in fails during the game in both experimental groups (moderate). Moreover, differential learning seemed to favor regularity in pitch-positioning behavior for the distance between players' dyads (U13, small; U15, small), the distance to the team target (U13, moderate; U15, small), and the distance to the opponent target (U13, moderate; U15, small). The differential-learning program stressed creative and positional behavior in both age groups with a distinct magnitude of effects, with the U13 players demonstrating higher improvements over the U15 players. Overall, these findings confirmed that the technical variability promoted by differential learning nurtures regularity of positioning behavior.

Clinicobiochemical evaluation of turmeric with black pepper and nigella sativa in management of oral submucous fibrosis-a double-blind, randomized preliminary study.

PubMed

Pipalia, Pratik R; Annigeri, Rajeshwari G; Mehta, Ranjeeta

2016-12-01

To investigate the effectiveness of turmeric with black pepper and nigella sativa in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Forty OSMF patients were randomly divided into two groups. The study was performed under a double-blind, randomized design. Group A received turmeric with black pepper and group B received nigella sativa for 3 months. Clinical evaluation was done every 15 days. Patients' serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assessed before and after treatment and also compared with healthy controls. The response to treatment was analyzed using analysis of variance, paired t test, and unpaired t test. After the treatment, groups A and B showed 3.85 ± 0.22 mm and 3.6 ± 0.07 mm improvement in mouth opening, respectively (P < .01); 87.90% and 78.91% reduction in burning sensation, respectively (P < .01); and +0.62 U/mL and +0.74 U/mL improvement in serum SOD levels, respectively (P < .05). The maximum mouth opening achieved was 8 mm in group A and 7 mm in group B. The mean pretreatment SOD level for controls and patients was 3.61 ± 0.24 U/mL in group A and 2.63 ± 0.18 U/mL in group B. Turmeric with black pepper and nigella sativa improved mouth opening, burning sensation, and SOD levels in the present OSMF study patients; however, further investigations are needed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effectiveness of a computer-aided neuroanatomy program for entry-level physical therapy students: anatomy and clinical examination of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal system.

PubMed

McKeough, D Michael; Mattern-Baxter, Katrin; Barakatt, Edward

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine if a computer-aided instruction learning module improves students' knowledge of the neuroanatomy/physiology and clinical examination of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal (DCML) system. Sixty-one physical therapy students enrolled in a clinical neurology course in entry-level PT educational programs at two universities participated in the study. Students from University-1 (U1;) had not had a previous neuroanatomy course, while students from University-2 (U2;) had taken a neuroanatomy course in the previous semester. Before and after working with the learning module, students took a paper-and-pencil test on the neuroanatomy/physiology and clinical examination of the DCML system. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests were used to determine if differences existed between neuroanatomy/physiology examination scores and clinical examination scores before and after taking the learning module, and between student groups based on university attended. For students from U1, neuroanatomy/physiology post-test scores improved significantly over pre-test scores (p < 0.001), while post-test scores of students from U2 did not (p = 0.60). Neuroanatomy/physiology pre-test scores from U2 were significantly better than those from U1 (p < 0.001); there was no significant difference in post-test scores (p = 0.062). Clinical examination pre-test and post-test scores from U2 were significantly better than those from U1 (p < 0.001). Clinical examination post-test scores improved significantly from the pre-test scores for both U1 (p < 0.001) and U2 (p < 0.001).

Genetic variation at the ApoB 3[prime] HVR, D2S44, and D7S21 loci in the Ewondo ethnic group of Cameroon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Destro-Bisol, G.; d'Aloja, E.; Dobosz, M.

1994-07-01

A sample of the Ewondo population (a Bantu-speaking group of Southern Cameroon) was analyzed for the polymorphism at three tandem repeated DNA loci (ApoB 3[prime] HVR, D2S44, and D7S21). The authors observed a greater number of ApoB 3[prime] HVR alleles (17) and a significantly higher estimated heterozygosity (.879[+-].011) than in previously surveyed populations, with the exception of U.S. Blacks. The higher genetic variability of Ewondo and U.S. Blacks was also shown by the ApoB 3[prime] HVR allele-frequency spectra. A method for measuring population distances, based on cumulative fragment-size distribution, is described. Interpopulation comparisons for ApoB 3[prime] HVR were carried outmore » by this method and were compared with those obtained by a genetic distance measurement. The two sets of results showed a consistent pattern of population differentiation: the Ewondos and the U.S. Blacks clustered together and were apart from both a Caucasian cluster (Swedes, U.S. Whites, Italians, and Germans) and other well-defined populations (Sikhs of India and Pehuence Indians of Chile). Profile distances were then computed from D2S44 and D7S21 binned data. This analysis indicated a genetic affinity between Ewondos, U.S. Blacks, and Afro-Caribbean Blacks and outlined the genetic diversity between Ewondos, Caucasians, and Asian Indians. 56 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.« less

Tetra- and Hexavalent Uranium Forms Bidentate-Mononuclear Complexes with Particulate Organic Matter in a Naturally Uranium-Enriched Peatland.

PubMed

Mikutta, Christian; Langner, Peggy; Bargar, John R; Kretzschmar, Ruben

2016-10-04

Peatlands frequently serve as efficient biogeochemical traps for U. Mechanisms of U immobilization in these organic matter-dominated environments may encompass the precipitation of U-bearing mineral(oid)s and the complexation of U by a vast range of (in)organic surfaces. The objective of this work was to investigate the spatial distribution and molecular binding mechanisms of U in soils of an alpine minerotrophic peatland (pH 4.7-6.6, E h = -127 to 463 mV) using microfocused X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and bulk and microfocused U L 3 -edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The soils contained 2.3-47.4 wt % organic C, 4.1-58.6 g/kg Fe, and up to 335 mg/kg geogenic U. Uranium was found to be heterogeneously distributed at the micrometer scale and enriched as both U(IV) and U(VI) on fibrous and woody plant debris (48 ± 10% U(IV), x̅ ± σ, n = 22). Bulk U X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy revealed that in all samples U(IV) comprised 35-68% of total U (x̅ = 50%, n = 15). Shell-fit analyses of bulk U L 3 -edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra showed that U was coordinated to 1.3 ± 0.2 C atoms at a distance of 2.91 ± 0.01 Å (x̅ ± σ), which implies the formation of bidentate-mononuclear U(IV/VI) complexes with carboxyl groups. We neither found evidence for U shells at ∼3.9 Å, indicative of mineral-associated U or multinuclear U(IV) species, nor for a substantial P/Fe coordination of U. Our data indicates that U(IV/VI) complexation by natural organic matter prevents the precipitation of U minerals as well as U complexation by Fe/Mn phases at our field site, and suggests that organically complexed U(IV) is formed via reduction of organic matter-bound U(VI).

Establishment of reference intervals for osteoarthritis-related soluble biomarkers: the FNIH/OARSI OA Biomarkers Consortium.

PubMed

Kraus, Virginia B; Hargrove, David E; Hunter, David J; Renner, Jordan B; Jordan, Joanne M

2017-01-01

To establish reference intervals for osteoarthritis (OA)-related biomarkers used in the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) OA Biomarkers Consortium Project. A total of 129 'multijoint controls' were selected from 2722 African-American and Caucasian men and women in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. The majority (79%) of those eligible (with biospecimens and baseline data) also had one or more follow-up evaluations 5-15 years later. Multijoint controls were selected to be free of radiographic hand, hip, knee and lumbar spine osteoarthritis (OA), to have no knee or hip symptoms, and minimal hand and spine symptoms at all available time points. Eighteen biomarkers were evaluated in serum (s) and/or urine (u) by ELISA. Reference intervals and partitioning by gender and race were performed with EP Evaluator software. Controls were 64% women, 33% African-Americans, mean age 59 years and mean body mass index 29 kg/m 2 . Three biomarkers were associated with age: sHyaluronan (positively), sN-terminal propeptide of collagen IIA (positively) and sCol2-3/4 C-terminal cleavage product of types I and II collagen (negatively). Exploratory analyses suggested that separate reference intervals may be warranted on the basis of gender for uC-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen (uCTXII), sMatrix metalloproteinase-3, uNitrated type II collagen degradation fragment (uCol2-1 NO2) and sHyaluronan, and on the basis of race for uCTXII, sCartilage oligomeric matrix protein, sC-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen and uCol2-1 NO2. To our knowledge, this represents the best and most stringent control group ever assayed for OA-related biomarkers. These well-phenotyped controls, representing a similar age demographic to that of the OA Initiative-FNIH main study sample, provide a context for interpretation of OA subject biomarker data. The freely available data set also provides a reference for future human studies. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

Alteration and chemical U-Th-total Pb dating of heterogeneous high-uranium zircon from a pegmatite from the Aduiskii massif, middle Urals, Russia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zamyatin, Dmitry A.; Shchapova, Yuliya V.; Votyakov, Sergey L.; Nasdala, Lutz; Lenz, Christoph

2017-09-01

The U-Th-Pb isotope system in the accessory mineral zircon may be disturbed, as for instance by the secondary loss of radiogenic lead. The recognition of such alteration is crucial for the sound interpretation of geochronology results, in particular for chemical dating by means of an electron probe micro-analyser (EPMA). Here we present the example of high-U zircon samples from a granite pegmatite from the Aduiskii Massif, Middle Urals, Russia. The structural and chemical heterogeneity of samples was characterised by EPMA, including joint probability distribution (JPD) analysis of back-scattered electrons (BSE), cathodoluminescence (CL) and U M β images, and by Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. We found a high-U interior region (U up to 11.4 wt%) without any obvious indication of alteration. This domain has stoichiometric composition, and its Raman spectrum is similar to that of amorphous ZrSiO4. In addition, altered lower-U regions are present that are non-stoichiometric and contain non-formula elements such as Ca, Al, Fe, and water up to several wt%. Their Raman spectra yielded a band near 760-810 cm-1 which is not related to any ZrSiO4 vibration; we assign it tentatively to the symmetric stretching of (UO2)2+ groups. This assignment is supported by the observation of a fairly intense PL phenomenon whose spectral position and vibrational-coupling structure strongly indicates a uranyl-related emission. Altered zones were formed by both fluid-driven diffusion reaction and coupled dissolution-reprecipitation processes. The variation of BSE and CL intensities in amorphous high-U zircon is controlled by its chemical composition and the presence of water and uranyl groups. We have determined a weighted mean EPMA age of 246 ± 2 Ma, which agrees reasonably well with previous dating results for the Aduiskii Massif.

Analysis of mitochondrial genetic diversity of Ustilago maydis in Mexico.

PubMed

Jiménez-Becerril, María F; Hernández-Delgado, Sanjuana; Solís-Oba, Myrna; González Prieto, Juan M

2018-01-01

The current understanding of the genetic diversity of the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis is limited. To determine the genetic diversity and structure of U. maydis, 48 fungal isolates were analyzed using mitochondrial simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Tumours (corn smut or 'huitlacoche') were collected from different Mexican states with diverse environmental conditions. Using bioinformatic tools, five microsatellites were identified within intergenic regions of the U. maydis mitochondrial genome. SSRMUM4 was the most polymorphic marker. The most common repeats were hexanucleotides. A total of 12 allelic variants were identified, with a mean of 2.4 alleles per locus. An estimate of the genetic diversity using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the highest variance component is within states (84%), with moderate genetic differentiation between states (16%) (F ST  = 0.158). A dendrogram generated using the unweighted paired-grouping method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and the Bayesian analysis of population structure grouped the U. maydis isolates into two subgroups (K = 2) based on their shared SSRs.

Hyperinsulinemia 17 years after preeclamptic first pregnancy.

PubMed

Laivuori, H; Tikkanen, M J; Ylikorkala, O

1996-08-01

Insulin resistance syndrome predisposes to occlusive vascular disorders in nonpregnant subjects. Because preeclampsia, representing a pregnancy-specific occlusive vascular disorder, is known to be accompanied by metabolic changes similar to those in insulin resistance syndrome, we compared carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in 22 women who had a preeclamptic first pregnancy and in 22 control women who had normotensive first pregnancy, both, on the average, 17.0 +/- 0.7 yr earlier. The study groups were comparable in regard to body mass index at the follow-up study. Women with prior preeclampsia were normoglycemic (baseline, 3 h oral glucose tolerance), but showed a significant hyperinsulinemia, as seen from elevated immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels at the baseline (mean +/- SE, 7.3 +/- 0.6 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.5 mU/L; P < 0.03), after 1 h (45.7 +/- 5.5 vs. 35.6 +/- 3.5 mU/L; P = 0.13), after 2 h (32.4 +/- 4.1 vs. 23.8 +/- 2.3 mU/L; P = 0.08), and after 3 h (10.1 +/- 1.4 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.6 mU/L; P = 0.02). The area under the IRI curve was larger in the women with prior preeclampsia (86.8 +/- 9.1 vs. 65.4 +/- 5.2 mU/h.L; P = 0.05). The serum levels of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (with its subfractions HDL2 and HDL3), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, or uric acid did not differ significantly between the study groups. In women with prior preeclamsia, the area under the IRI curve was negatively related to HDL2 cholesterol, but positively related to triglyceride and systolic blood pressure. We conclude that a history of preeclampsia is associated with mild hyperinsulinemia in nonpregnant women.

45 CFR 705.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

..., symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (e) System record means a group of... U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; (b) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien...) Record means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by...

45 CFR 705.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

..., symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (e) System record means a group of... U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; (b) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien...) Record means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by...

45 CFR 705.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

..., symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (e) System record means a group of... U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; (b) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien...) Record means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by...

45 CFR 705.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

..., symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (e) System record means a group of... U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; (b) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien...) Record means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by...

45 CFR 705.2 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

..., symbol, or other identifying particular assigned to the individual; (e) System record means a group of... U.S. Commission on Civil Rights; (b) Individual means a citizen of the United States or an alien...) Record means any item, collection, or grouping of information about an individual that is maintained by...

32 CFR 623.2 - Loan policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... 2542). (B) For ordnance and ordnance stores loaned to high schools in the District of Columbia (10 U.S...; DACD Plan; Garden Plot Group One: DOD Executive Agent or designee Group One: Arms, ammunition, tank... Bedding, cots, chairs, vehicles, buildings, etc. 11. Civilian Marksmanship Program (Clubs and Schools) 3...

32 CFR 623.2 - Loan policies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... 2542). (B) For ordnance and ordnance stores loaned to high schools in the District of Columbia (10 U.S...; DACD Plan; Garden Plot Group One: DOD Executive Agent or designee Group One: Arms, ammunition, tank... Bedding, cots, chairs, vehicles, buildings, etc. 11. Civilian Marksmanship Program (Clubs and Schools) 3...

Optimization of small long-life PWR based on thorium fuel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Subkhi, Moh Nurul, E-mail: nsubkhi@students.itb.ac.id; Physics Dept., Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung Jalan A.H Nasution 105 Bandung; Suud, Zaki, E-mail: szaki@fi.itb.ac.id

2015-09-30

A conceptual design of small long-life Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) using thorium fuel has been investigated in neutronic aspect. The cell-burn up calculations were performed by PIJ SRAC code using nuclear data library based on JENDL 3.2, while the multi-energy-group diffusion calculations were optimized in three-dimension X-Y-Z geometry of core by COREBN. The excess reactivity of thorium nitride with ZIRLO cladding is considered during 5 years of burnup without refueling. Optimization of 350 MWe long life PWR based on 5% {sup 233}U & 2.8% {sup 231}Pa, 6% {sup 233}U & 2.8% {sup 231}Pa and 7% {sup 233}U & 6% {supmore » 231}Pa give low excess reactivity.« less

Intra-laboratory study to determine the reproducibility of LLNA:BrdU-ELISA for the prediction of the skin sensitizing potential of chemicals.

PubMed

Chen, Wei; Xing, Caihong; Hou, Fenxia

The Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) has been designated as the first-choice in vivo assay for identification the skin sensitization potential of new chemicals. The LLNA:BrdU-ELISA is a validated non-radioactive modification to the LLNA. An intra-laboratory reproducibility study for the LLNA:BrdU-ELISA was conducted to demonstrate its adequate performance in our laboratory. Ten independent LLNA:BrdU-ELISAs with the preferred positive controls (PCs), i.e., 25% hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (HCA) and 25% eugenol, were conducted within a period of less than one year. In addition, different concentrations of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB, an extreme sensitizer) (0.01, 0.1 and 0.3%), HCA (10, 25 and 50%) and eugenol (10, 25 and 50%), were tested to determine the EC1.6 values. Special Pathogen Free female CBA/J mice of 8-10weeks old were randomly allocated to the groups, each group having 4 mice. 25μl of AOO (vehicle, acetone: olive oil=4:1, v/v) or HCA, eugenol, DNCB at the needed concentration was applied to the dorsum of each ear of the mice, daily for 3 consecutive days. A single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5ml of BrdU solution (10mg/ml) was given on day 5. On day 6, a pair of auricular lymph nodes from each mouse was excised, and BrdU ELISA analysis was conducted. The result for each group is expressed as the mean Stimulation Index (SI). The mean of the 10 mean SIs for 25% HCA (2.58±0.95) and 25% eugenol (3.51±1.25) was not significantly different to that from the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) (i.e., the data on the formal validation study for the LLNA:BrdU-ELISA by the ICCVAM) (3.03±2.00 for 25% HCA, 6.13±6.06 for 25% eugenol) (P>0.05), with even smaller Coefficient of Variations (CV) (36.8% for 25% HCA, 35.6% for 25% eugenol) than that from the ICCVAM (66.0% for 25% HCA, 98.8% for 25% eugenol). In addition, the EC1.6 values for HCA, eugenol and DNCB (15.2, 12.5 and 0.25%, respectively) were consistent with that from the ICCVAM (12.92, 8.85 and 0.34%, respectively). The results indicate that the reliability for our laboratory to conduct the LLNA:BrdU-ELISA is successfully determined. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

15 CFR 744.6 - Restrictions on certain activities of U.S. persons.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS CONTROL POLICY: END-USER AND END-USE BASED § 744.6 Restrictions on certain activities of U.S... item where that person knows that such item: (A) Will be used in the design, development, production, or use of nuclear explosive devices in or by a country listed in Country Group D:2 (see supplement no...

Photocopy of measured drawing (from Records of the U.S. Coast ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Photocopy of measured drawing (from Records of the U.S. Coast Guard, Record Group 26, National Archives) Light House Engineers' Office, May 1888 "FOG SIGNAL HOUSE FOR CALORIC ENGINES AT PORTLAND HEAD, ME." (5" x 7" print; 4" x 5" negative) - Portland Head Light, Portland Head, approximately 1/2 mile East of Shore Road, Cape Elizabeth, Cumberland County, ME

Laparoscopic calibrated total vs partial fundoplication following Heller myotomy for oesophageal achalasia

PubMed Central

Martino, Natale Di; Brillantino, Antonio; Monaco, Luigi; Marano, Luigi; Schettino, Michele; Porfidia, Raffaele; Izzo, Giuseppe; Cosenza, Angelo

2011-01-01

AIM: To compare the mid-term outcomes of laparoscopic calibrated Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication with Dor fundoplication performed after Heller myotomy for oesophageal achalasia. METHODS: Fifty-six patients (26 men, 30 women; mean age 42.8 ± 14.7 years) presenting for minimally invasive surgery for oesophageal achalasia, were enrolled. All patients underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy followed by a 180° anterior partial fundoplication in 30 cases (group 1) and calibrated Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication in 26 (group 2). Intraoperative endoscopy and manometry were used to calibrate the myotomy and fundoplication. A 6-mo follow-up period with symptomatic evaluation and barium swallow was undertaken. One and two years after surgery, the patients underwent symptom questionnaires, endoscopy, oesophageal manometry and 24 h oesophago-gastric pH monitoring. RESULTS: At the 2-year follow-up, no significant difference in the median symptom score was observed between the 2 groups (P = 0.66; Mann-Whitney U-test). The median percentage time with oesophageal pH < 4 was significantly higher in the Dor group compared to the Nissen-Rossetti group (2; range 0.8-10 vs 0.35; range 0-2) (P < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney U-test). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic Dor and calibrated Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication achieved similar results in the resolution of dysphagia. Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication seems to be more effective in suppressing oesophageal acid exposure. PMID:21876635

[Relation between the level of TPS, NSE, CEA and beta2-mG in the serum and the biological behavior of small cell lung cancer].

PubMed

Chen, Ming-sheng; Xu, Yan; Ma, Jing; Wu, Chang-gui; Hao, Xiao-ke; Lu, Bao-bi; Liu, Tian

2007-08-01

To study the relation between the level of tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-mG) in serum and the biological behavior of lung cancer for the more scientific diagnosis of lung cancer. To detect the level of TPS, NSE, CEA and beta(2)-mG in the serum of 94 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 86 patients with benign pulmonary diseases (BPD) and 89 patients in normal control group, the level of serum were examined by ELISA and immunoradiometric assay. The level of TPS and NSE in the serum of SCLC group [(437.8+/-516.6) U/L, (76.8+/-91.4) microg/L] were much higher than those in BPD group [(143.6+/-78.7) U/L, (13.3+/-10.8) microg/L] and normal group [(98.4+/-58.9) U/L, (10.1+/-5.7) microg/L, P<0.01)], and the level of CEA and beta(2)-mG in the serum of SCLC group were also obviously higher than those in normal group and BPD group (P<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of SCLC'S diagnosis by an indicator of TPS and NSE were 84.4%, 87.8%, 83.6% and 79.3%, 93.7%, 88.3%, respectively, and were much higher than CEA and beta(2)-Mg. In addition, the level of TPS and NSE in the patients' serum with metastatic SCLC were markedly higher than those in the patients with SCLC without metastasis, increased with the number of metastatic focuses. In clinical practice, the possibility of smokers suffering from lung cancer disease is 8 to 10 times higher than that of no-smokers, and 10 to 24 times higher of the people who smoked 30 to 40 cigarettes per day. From this comparison, the amount of smoking was closely related to the occurrence of lung cancer. TPS, NSE, CEA and beta(2)-mG in serum are useful for early diagnosis of lung cancer. There is complementarity in the combined detection of the level of TPS, NSE, CEA and beta(2)-MG. Their levels have close correlation with lung cancer, histological grades and lymphoid nodule metastasis.

Breast feeding and insulin levels in low birth weight neonates: a randomized study.

PubMed

Gupta, Mukesh; Zaheer; Jora, Rakesh; Kaul, Vijay; Gupta, Rajeev

2010-05-01

To evaluate the influence of early infancy feeding practices on fasting insulin levels, as marker of insulin resistance, in low birthweight neonates. Eighty successive low birth weight (<2.5 kg) neonates <10 days of age born at >38 wk of gestation at this tertiary care centre, were successively invited for participation in the study; parents of 52 (65%) consented to participate. Group 1 children (n=26) were randomized to receive only breast feeding and Group 2 (n=26) received fortified breast feeding with a commercially available human milk fortifier. Routine anthropometry and evaluation of health status was performed. The babies were followed-up every 15 day up to three months. 4-hour fasting glucose and insulin levels were measured at baseline and at 3 month. Statistical analyses were performed using t-test and Mann-Whitney test. In excusively breast-fed Group 1 neonates vs Group 2 the mean birthweight was similar (1.99+/-0.23 vs 1.87+/-0.30 kg). There was no difference in body length, head circumference and chest circumference. Mean hemoglobin levels, fasting glucose (63.9+/-9.8 vs 64.3+/-8.0 mg/dl) and fasting insulin levels (1.44+/-1.19 vs 1.73+/-1.38 microU/ml), were also similar. At three month follow-up in Group 1 children receiving exclusive breast feeding, there was significantly lower weight as compared to Group 2 (3.40+/-0.3 vs 4.75+/-0.5 kg, p<0.01). This was associated with significantly lower fasting glucose (79.0+/-9.4 vs 85.6+/-8.4 mg/dl) and fasting insulin levels (6.95+/-4.27 vs 15.73+/-3.29 microU/ml) (p<0.001). The difference persisted even after adjustment for weight gain in Group 2 (weight adjusted insulin 11.26+/-3.3 microU/ml; p<0.001). Low birthweight neonates fed fortified breast milk had greater fasting insulin levels compared to those with exclusive breast feeding, at three month of age. The difference persisted after adjustment for excessive gain in fortified milk fed neonates and, suggests adverse glucometabolic programming.

Lack of Substantial Post-Cessation Weight Increase in Electronic Cigarettes Users.

PubMed

Russo, Cristina; Cibella, Fabio; Mondati, Enrico; Caponnetto, Pasquale; Frazzetto, Evelise; Caruso, Massimo; Caci, Grazia; Polosa, Riccardo

2018-03-23

Minimization of post-cessation weight gain in quitters is important, but existing approaches (e.g., antismoking medications) shows only limited success. We investigated changes in body weight in smokers who quit or reduced substantially their cigarette consumption by switching to electronic cigarettes (ECs) use. Body weight and smoking/vaping history were extracted from medical records of smokers and ex-smokers to match three study groups: (1) regular EC users on at least two consecutive follow-up visits; (2) regular smokers (and not using ECs); (3) subjects who reported sustained smoking abstinence after completing a cessation program. Review of their medical records was conducted at two follow-up visits at 6- (F/U 6m) and 12-months (F/U 12m). A total of 86 EC users, 93 regular smokers, and 44 quitters were studied. In the EC users study group, cigarettes/day use decreased from 21.1 at baseline to 1.8 at F/U 12m ( p < 0.0001). Dual usage was reported by approximately 50% of EC users. Both within factor (time, p < 0.0001) and between factor (study groups, p < 0.0001) produced significant effect on weight (% change from baseline), with a significant 4.8% weight gain from baseline in the quitters study group at F/U 12m. For the EC users, weight gain at F/U 12m was only 1.5% of baseline. There was no evidence of post-cessation weight increase in those who reduced substantially cigarette consumption by switching to ECs (i.e., dual users) and only modest post-cessation weight increase was reported in exclusive EC users at F/U 12m. By reducing weight gain and tobacco consumption, EC-based interventions may promote an overall improvement in quality of life.

Studies on the biosynthesis of taxol: the taxane carbon skeleton is not of mevalonoid origin.

PubMed Central

Eisenreich, W; Menhard, B; Hylands, P J; Zenk, M H; Bacher, A

1996-01-01

A cell culture of Taxus chinensis was established to produce the diterpene 2alpha,5alpha,10beta,14beta-tetra-acetoxy4 ++ +(20),11-taxadiene (taxuyunnanine C) in 2.6% (dry weight) yield. The incorporation of [U-13C6]glucose, [1-13C]glucose, and [1,2-13C2]acetate into this diterpene was analyzed by NMR spectroscopy. Label from [1,2-13C2]acetate was diverted to the four acetyl groups of taxuyunnanine C, but not to the taxane ring system. Label from [1-13C]glucose and [U-13C6]glucose was efficiently incorporated into both the taxane ring system and the acetyl groups. The four isoprenoid moieties of the diterpene showed identical labeling patterns. The analysis of long-range 13C13C couplings in taxuyunnanine C obtained from an experiment with [U-13C6]glucose documents the involvement of an intramolecular rearrangement in the biosynthesis of the isoprenoid precursor. The labeling patterns are inconsistent with the mevalonate pathway. The taxoid data share important features with the alternative pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis operating in certain eubacteria Rohmer, M., Knani, M., Simonin, P., Sutter, B. & Sahm, H. (1993) Biochem. J. 295, 517-524]. Images Fig. 1 Fig. 4 PMID:8692832

Plastic Electronics and Optoelectronics: New Science and Technology from Soluble Semiconducting Polymers and Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Fabricated from Soluble Semiconducting Polymers

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-03

fundamental discovery of photoinduced ultrafast electron transfer from conjugated polymers to fullerenes . Many groups in the U.S., Europe and Asia are...electron transfer from conjugated polymers to fullerenes . Many groups in the U.S., Europe and Asia are now making important contributions. Nevertheless...This confirms that the middle curve in Fig. 1 utilizes the correct assumptions.          2ln 1 c heBPolymer HOMO Fullerene LUMOoc N

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 4 Table 4 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources Vessel...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 10 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing... SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing... SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing...

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 4 Table 4 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources Vessel...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 10 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing... SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing... SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing...

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 10 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 4 Table 4 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources Vessel...

40 CFR Table 3 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing Affected Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 10 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing... SOURCE CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 3 Table 3 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing...

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 10 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources... CATEGORIES National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions: Group I Polymers and Resins Pt. 63, Subpt. U, Table 4 Table 4 to Subpart U of Part 63—Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources Vessel...

40 CFR Table 4 to Subpart U of... - Group 1 Storage Vessels at New Sources

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

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Effect of Cu(II) coordination compounds on the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase in patients with colorectal cancer.

PubMed

Kubiak, Katarzyna; Malinowska, Katarzyna; Langer, Ewa; Dziki, Łukasz; Dziki, Adam; Majsterek, Ireneusz

2011-03-01

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious medical and economical problem of our times. It is the most common gastrointestinal cancer in the world. In Poland, the treatment and detection of CRC are poorly developed and the pathogenesis is still unclear. One hypothesis suggests a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of CRC. Experimental studies in recent years confirm the participation of ROS in the initiation and promotion of CRC. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of the following coordination compounds coordination compounds: dinitrate (V) tetra(3,4,5-trimethyl-N1-pyrazole-κN2) copper(II), dichloro di(3,4,5-trimethyl-N1-pyrazole-κN2) copper(II), dinitrate (V) di(1,4,5-trimethyl-N1-pyrazole-κN2) copper(II), dichloro di(1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-N1-pyrazole-κN2) copper(II) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD, ZnCu-SOD) and catalase (CAT) in a group of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and in the control group consisting of patients with minor gastrointestinal complaints. The study was conducted in 20 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at the age of 66.5±10.2 years (10 men and 10 women) versus the control group of 20 people (10 men and 10 women) aged 57.89±17.10 years without cancer lesions in the biological material - hemolysate prepared in a proportion of 1ml of water per 1 ml of blood. CAT activity was measured by the Beers method (1952), while SOD activity was measured by the Misra and Fridovich method (1972). We found that patients with CRC showed a statistically significant decrease of SOD and CAT activity (CAT - 12,75±1.97 U/g Hb, SOD - 1111.52±155.52 U/g Hb) in comparison with the control group (CAT - 19.65±2,17 U/g Hb, SOD - 2046.26±507.22 U/g Hb). Simultaneously, we observed that the investigated coordination compounds of Cu(II) significantly increased the antioxidant activity of CAT and SOD in patients with CRC (mean: CAT 25.23±4.86 U/g Hb, SOD - 3075.96±940.20 U/g Hb). Patients with colorectal cancer are characterized by reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase which suggests impaired antioxidant barrier. Therefore, coordination compounds of Cu (II), which enhance the activity of CAT and SOD, may prove useful in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) activity as an indicator of total body granuloma load and prognosis in sarcoidosis.

PubMed

Muthuswamy, P P; Lopez-Majano, V; Ranginwala, M; Trainor, W D

1987-09-01

The relationship between the level of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (SACE) and the total body granuloma load in patients with sarcoidosis was studied in two groups using SACE levels and total body gallium67 scans. The study group consisted of 22 patients with SACE levels greater than or equal to 100 U/ml (EH-SACE group) and the control group consisted of 24 patients consecutively diagnosed to have sarcoidosis in a one year period with SACE level of less than 80 U/ml. The average number of organs involved in the EH-SACE group was 3.9 +/- 1 compared to 2.3 +/- 1 in the control group (p less than 0.0001). The incidence of extra pulmonary organ involvement in the EH-SACE group was 2.2 +/- 1 organs compared to 1.0 + 0.8 in the control group (p less than 0.0002). The SACE level was correlated with the number of organs involved for all patients with sarcoidosis (r = .55; p less than .0001). Following corticosteroid therapy for 39 +/- 41 weeks the SACE dropped to 64 +/- 45 units in the EH-SACE group. But it took only 13 +/- 10 weeks to normalize the SACE level to 27 +/- 9 units in the control group. The EH-SACE group patients were followed for 114 +/- 64 weeks and 73% of them still have active sarcoidosis requiring repeated cycles of corticosteroid therapy, while after 42 +/- 23 weeks of follow up only 10% of patients from the control group were still on therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of Training on Physiological and Biochemical Variables of Soccer Players of Different Age Groups

PubMed Central

Manna, Indranil; Khanna, Gulshan Lal; Chandra Dhara, Prakash

2010-01-01

Purpose To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables of Indian soccer players of different age groups. Methods A total of 120 soccer players volunteered for the study, were divided (n = 30) into 4 groups: (i) under 16 years (U16), (ii) under 19 years (U19), (iii) under 23 years (U23), (iv) senior (SR). The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training program consisted of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. Results A significant increase (P < 0.05) in lean body mass (LBM), VO2max, anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea, uric acid and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in body fat, hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in some groups in PP and CP phases of the training when compare to BD. However, no significant change was found in body mass and maximal heart rate of the players after the training program. Conclusion This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of different age groups. PMID:22375187

Creatinine kinase isoenzyme-MB: A simple prognostic biomarker in patients with pulmonary embolism treated with thrombolytic therapy.

PubMed

Bozbay, Mehmet; Uyarel, Huseyin; Avsar, Sahin; Oz, Ahmet; Keskin, Muhammed; Tanik, Veysel Ozan; Bakhshaliyev, Nijat; Ugur, Murat; Pehlivanoglu, Seckin; Eren, Mehmet

2015-12-01

Creatinine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB) is a biomarker for detecting myocardial injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between admission CK-MB levels and in-hospital and long-term clinical outcomes in pulmonary embolism (PE) patients treated with thrombolytic tissue-plasminogen activator. A total of 148 acute PE patients treated with tissue-plasminogen activator enrolled in the study. The study population was divided into 2 tertiles, based on admission CK-MB levels. The high CK-MB group (n=35) was defined as having a CK-MB level in the third tertile (>31.5 U/L), and the low group (n=113) was defined as having a level in the lower 2 tertiles (≤31.5 U/L). High CK-MB group had a higher incidence of in-hospital mortality (37.1% vs 1.7%, P<.001). Admission systolic blood pressure and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion were lower in the high CK-MB group. In the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, a CK-MB value of more than 31.5 U/L yielded a sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 83.5% for predicting in-hospital mortality. During long-term follow-up, recurrent PE, major and minor bleeding, and mortality rates were similar in both groups. Creatinine kinase isoenzyme-MB is a simple, widely available, and useful biomarker for predicting adverse in-hospital clinical outcomes in PE. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Effect of early intervention with heparin on function of coagulopathy, liver and kidney in rats with exertional heatstroke under the ambient air of high temperature and low humidity].

PubMed

Yu, Yang; Wei, Yuying; Zhang, Xiangrong; Li, Xinyu

2018-03-01

To explore the effects of early intervention with heparin on function of coagulopathy, liver and kidney as well as the prognosis in rats with exertional heatstroke (EHS) under the ambient air of high temperature and low humidity. 108 healthy SPF male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal temperature control group, EHS + normal saline (NS) group and EHS + heparin group. Of which 54 rats were collected for survival analysis (18 rats in each group), the weight change and 8-hour survival rate were observed, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn. Other 54 rats were collected for intervention experiment, the rats in each group were subdivided into 0, 1, 2 hours subgroups according to the time points of intervention with heparin after model reproduction, with 6 rats in each subgroup. The rats were placed in an artificial experiment cabin with northwest special environment, and the temperature and the relative humidity were (25.0±1.0) centigrade and (35±5)%, respectively, in normal temperature control group, and the rats were not treated in the cabin. The rats in EHS + NS group and EHS + heparin group kept running in the cabin which temperature and relative humidity were set at (43.0±0.5) centigrade and (35±5)% until the anus temperature of rats reached 43.0 centigrade, and then the rats were placed in room temperature. The rats were injected with 1 mL/kg NS or 250 U/kg heparin sodium injection through their caudal veins at 0, 1, and 2 hours, respectively, and then the blood was collected after 1.5 hours to determine the biochemical parameters including coagulation, liver and kidney as well as platelet count (PLT). (1) The weight loss of EHS + NS group and EHS + heparin group was more significant than that of normal temperature control group (g: 8.28±1.41, 8.39±1.38 vs. 2.06±1.06, both P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between EHS + NS group and EHS + heparin group. (2) As the time went on after modeling, serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and D-dimer of EHS rats showed a tendency of increasing, but fibrinogen (FBG), antithrombin III (AT III) and PLT were decreased gradually, which were obviously abnormal as compared with those at corresponding time point of the normal temperature control group. Heparin intervention 0 hour after modeling could improve the function of liver and kidney, FBG, D-dimer, AT III and PLT, but APTT was prolonged further. The SCr, BUN, ALT, AST and CK in EHS 2 hours + heparin group were still better than EHS + NS group [SCr (μmol/L): 93.33±7.69 vs. 110.50±13.56, BUN (mmol/L): 20.55±1.35 vs. 24.88±2.41, ALT (U/L): 322.17±36.36 vs. 492.33±64.19, AST (U/L): 1 252.33±240.86 vs. 2 725.67±461.17, CK (U/L): 1 4628.67±2 784.68 vs. 2 6843.00±2 637.16, all P < 0.01], APTT was significantly prolonged (s: 51.83±6.11 vs. 33.83±4.31, P < 0.01), and AT III and PLT were significantly increased [AT III: (78.03±9.15)% vs. (64.28±12.55)%, PLT (×10 9 /L): 457.67±32.33 vs. 415.83±26.45, both P < 0.05], however, there was no obvious influence on FBG or D-dimer. (3) The rats in normal temperature control group were all survived within 8 hours, and all dead in EHS + NS group. The survival rate of rats given heparin intervention at 0, 1, 2 hours after successfully modeling was 50.0%, 33.3% and 0%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that 8-hour cumulative survival rate in EHS 0 hour, 1 hour + heparin groups was higher than that in EHS 0 hour, 1 hour + NS groups (χ 1 2 = 7.930, P 1 = 0.005; χ 2 2 = 4.408, P 2 = 0.036), however, there was no significant difference between EHS 2 hours + heparin group and EHS 2 hours + NS group (χ 2 = 2.660, P = 0.103). Early heparin intervention can improve the coagulation function and organ function of EHS rats, while improving the survival rate of rats, indicating the earlier intervention of heparin, the better prognosis of rats is.

Preoperative CA125 and fibrinogen in patients with endometrial cancer: a risk model for predicting lymphovascular space invasion

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

Objective The aim of this study was to build a model to predict the risk of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in women with endometrial cancer (EC). Methods From December 2010 to June 2013, 211 patients with EC undergoing surgery at Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. Those patients were divided into a positive LVSI group and a negative LVSI group. The clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between the two groups; logistic regression was used to explore risk factors associated with LVSI occurrence. The threshold values of significant factors were calculated to build a risk model and predict LVSI. Results There were 190 patients who were negative for LVSI and 21 patients were positive for LVSI out of 211 patients with EC. It was found that tumor grade, depth of myometrial invasion, number of pelvic lymph nodes, and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (p<0.05) were associated with LVSI occurrence. However, cervical involvement and age (p>0.05) were not associated with LVSI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that the threshold values of the following factors were correlated with positive LVSI: 28.1 U/mL of CA19-9, 21.2 U/mL of CA125, 2.58 mg/dL of fibrinogen (Fn), 1.84 U/mL of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and (6.35×109)/L of white blood cell (WBC). Logistic regression analysis indicated that CA125 ≥21.2 (p=0.032) and Fn ≥2.58 mg/dL (p=0.014) were significantly associated with LVSI. Conclusion Positive LVSI could be predicted by CA125 ≥21.2 U/mL and Fn ≥2.58 mg/dL in women with EC. It could help gynecologists better adapt surgical staging and adjuvant therapies. PMID:27894164

Effect of yoga exercise therapy on oxidative stress indicators with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis

PubMed Central

Gordon, Lorenzo; McGrowder, Donovan A; Pena, Yeiny T; Cabrera, Elsa; Lawrence-Wright, Marilyn B

2013-01-01

Background: Oxidative stress promotes endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in chronic renal disease. Objectives: This study investigated the impact of Hatha yoga on oxidative stress indicators and oxidant status, in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis. Design: This prospective randomized study consisted of 33 ESRD patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group who were matched with 35 ESRD patients in the control group. Outcome Measures: The oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde - MDA, protein oxidation - POX, phospholipase A2 - PLA2 activity) and the oxidative status (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities) were determined in the blood samples taken at the pre-hemodialysis treatment, at baseline (0 months) and after four months. Results: In patients in the Hatha yoga exercise group, lipid peroxidation, as indicated by MDA decreased by 4.0% after four months (P = 0.096). There was also a significant reduction in the activity of PLA from 2.68 ± 0.02 IU / L to 2.34 IU / L (− 12.7%; P = 0.010) and POX from 2.28 ± 0.02 nmol / mg to 2.22 ± 0.01 nmol / mg (− 22.6%; P = 0.0001). The activity of SOD significantly increased from 12.91 ± 0.17 U / L to 13.54 ± 0.15 U / L (4.65%; P = 0.0001) and catalase from 79.83 ± 0.63 U / L to 80.54 ± 0.80 U / L (0.90%; P = 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between the pre-hemodialysis oxidative stress parameters at the zero month and after four months for the activities of PLA (r = 0.440), catalase (r = 0.872), and SOD (r = 0.775). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the Hatha yoga exercise has therapeutic, preventative, and protective effects in ESRD subjects, by decreasing oxidative stress. PMID:23440311

Effects of body position on the ventilatory response following an impulse exercise in humans.

PubMed

Haouzi, Philippe; Chenuel, Bruno; Chalon, Bernard

2002-04-01

The aim of this study was to identify some of the mechanisms that could be involved in blunted ventilatory response (VE) to exercise in the supine (S) position. The contribution of the recruitment of different muscle groups, the activity of the cardiac mechanoreceptors, the level of arterial baroreceptor stimulation, and the hemodynamic effects of gravity on the exercising muscles was analyzed during upright (U) and S exercise. Delayed rise in VE and pulmonary gas exchange following an impulselike change in work rate (supramaximal leg cycling at 240 W for 12 s) was measured in seven healthy subjects and six heart transplant patients both in U and S positions. This approach allows study of the relationship between the rise in VE and O2 uptake (VO2) without the confounding effects of contractions of different muscle groups. These responses were compared with those triggered by an impulselike change in work rate produced by the arms, which were positioned at the same level as the heart in S and U positions to separate effects of gravity on postexercising muscles from those on the rest of the body. Despite superimposable VO2 and CO2 output responses, the delayed VE response after leg exercise was significantly lower in the S posture than in the U position for each control subject and cardiac-transplant patient (-2.58 +/- 0.44 l and -3.52 +/- 1.11 l/min, respectively). In contrast, when impulse exercise was performed with the arms, reduction of ventilatory response in the S posture reached, at best, one-third of the deficit after leg exercise and was always associated with a reduction in VO2 of a similar magnitude. We concluded that reduction in VE response to exercise in the S position is independent of the types (groups) of muscles recruited and is not critically dependent on afferent signals originating from the heart but seems to rely on some of the effects of gravity on postexercising muscles.

Strongly correlated electron behavior in single crystalline U2Os3Al9

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kumar, Neeraj; Das, Pranab Kumar; Kulkarni, Ruta; Thamizhavel, A.; Dhar, S. K.

2012-12-01

We report the magnetic properties of a single crystal of a new compound U2Os3Al9 which crystallizes in the well known Y2Co3Ga9 type orthorhombic structure with space group Cmcm. The susceptibility of U2Os3Al9 shows a peak at 7 K typical of antiferromagnetic ordering. The susceptibility in the paramagnetic state is anisotropic, the easy axis of magnetization lying in the ab-plane of the orthorhombic crystal lattice. The magnetization at 2 K, measured up to a maximum field of 160 kOe, shows a metamagnetic transition near 118 kOe when the field is aligned along [010] in addition to a small metamagnetic transition near 25 kOe. The bulk antiferromagnetic ordering of the uranium ions at TN = 7 K is confirmed by a peak in the heat capacity with ΔC nearly 7 J/U.mol K. An extrapolation of the heat capacity data from the paramagnetic regime to T = 0 gives an enhanced electronic specific heat coefficient of 120 mJ/U.mol K2. The electrical resistivity of U2Os3Al9 shows a negative temperature coefficient between 300 and TN which is a signature of spin fluctuations in a narrow band or a Kondo type of interaction. The data thus suggest the presence of strong electron correlations in this compound.

Site Investigation Report Groups 3,5, and 6 Fort Devens, Massachusetts. Volume 2 of 2: Appendices

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-01-01

Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review" U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85 (1.6), 60 pp. Eisler , R., 1987 . "Mercury Hazards to Fish, Wildlife, and...Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review" U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85 (1.10), 90 pp. Eisler , R., 1987 . "Polycyclic Aromatic...1983). [f] From Eisler ( 1987 ). [g] Value from Hansch and Leo (1979). [h] Plant value from Eisler (1988). [i] Mammal value from USEPA (1985). [j

Risk Factors for Colostomy in Military Colorectal Trauma: A Review of 867 Patients

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-06-01

tion with ostomy rate (43% for >12 U compared with 35% for #12 U; P = .06). Presenting base deficit did not differ between the 2 groups (2.82 colostomy...outcomes data to include postoperative morbidity, ostomy reversal rates, and complication rates, as well as overall quality-of-life outcomes requires...Health Pro- gram 6.7 grant ‘‘Quality of Life and Obstacles to Care in Injured Personnel with Ostomies ,’’ Primary Investigator: Sean C. Glasgow, MD

Ammonia IRMS-TPD measurements and DFT calculation on acidic hydroxyl groups in CHA-type zeolites.

PubMed

Suzuki, Katsuki; Sastre, German; Katada, Naonobu; Niwa, Miki

2007-12-07

Brønsted acidity of H-chabazite (CHA) zeolites (Si : Al(2) = 4.2) was investigated by means of ammonia infrared-mass spectrometry/temperature-programmed desorption (IRMS-TPD) methods and density functional calculations. Four IR bands were observed at 3644, 3616, 3575 and 3538 cm(-1), and they were ascribable to the acidic OH groups on four nonequivalent oxygen sites in the CHA structure. The absorption band at 3538 cm(-1) was attributed to the O(4)H in the 6-membered ring (MR), and ammonia adsorption energy (DeltaU) of this OH group was the lowest among the 4 kinds of OH groups. The other 3 bands were assigned to the acidic OH groups in 8MR. It was observed that the DeltaU in 8 and 6MR were 131 (+/-3) and 101 kJ mol(-1), respectively. On the other hand, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations within periodic boundary conditions yielded the adsorption energies on these OH groups in 8 and 6MR to be ca. 130 and 110 kJ mol(-1), respectively, in good agreement with the experimentally-observed values.

Match analysis of U9 and U10 english premier league academy soccer players using a global positioning system: relevance for talent identification and development.

PubMed

Goto, Heita; Morris, John G; Nevill, Mary E

2015-04-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the match activity profile of U9 and U10 elite soccer players and to establish if there were any differences between players who were subsequently retained or released by their clubs. Such information should prove valuable in the design of training programs for these very young players and in the talent identification and development process. A Global Positioning System was used to analyze 2-4 interacademy 6-a-side matches of English Premier League Academy players (U9: N = 22 and U10: N = 12) who trained 3 times a week (4.5 hours). Speed zones were created based on 5 and 10-m sprint times, and an independent sample t-test was employed for a statistical analysis. Both squads covered ∼4,000 m in total or ∼4,700 m·h during a match (p = NS between squads), with the U10 squad tending to cover a greater distance at moderate (p = 0.10) and high speeds (p = 0.08) than the U9 squad. Retained group covered a greater distance than released group (retained vs. released: 4,478 ± 513 m vs. 4,091 ± 462 m, p < 0.05) during a match and covered a greater distance during low-speed running in absolute (1,226 ± 259 m vs. 1,005 ± 221 m, p < 0.05) and relative (1,325 ± 235 m·h vs. 1,132 ± 210 m·h, p < 0.05) terms. Thus, U9 and U10 players cover over 4000 m in match play, and those players who are retained by academies cover a greater distance in total and at low speeds (2.1-3.1 m·s). This information may support the preparation of squad training programs and the talent identification and development process.

Low-dose vs standard-dose unfractionated heparin for percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndromes treated with fondaparinux: the FUTURA/OASIS-8 randomized trial.

PubMed

Steg, Philippe Gabriel; Jolly, Sanjit S; Mehta, Shamir R; Afzal, Rizwan; Xavier, Denis; Rupprecht, Hans-Jurgen; López-Sendón, Jose L; Budaj, Andrzej; Diaz, Rafael; Avezum, Alvaro; Widimsky, Petr; Rao, Sunil V; Chrolavicius, Susan; Meeks, Brandi; Joyner, Campbell; Pogue, Janice; Yusuf, Salim

2010-09-22

The optimal unfractionated heparin regimen for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes treated with fondaparinux is uncertain. To compare the safety of 2 unfractionated heparin regimens during PCI in high-risk patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes initially treated with fondaparinux. Double-blind randomized parallel-group trial in 179 hospitals in 18 countries involving 2026 patients undergoing PCI within 72 hours, nested within a cohort of 3235 high-risk patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes initially treated with fondaparinux enrolled from February 2009 to March 2010. Patients received intravenously either low-dose unfractionated heparin, 50 U/kg, regardless of use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GpIIb-IIIa) inhibitors or standard-dose unfractionated heparin, 85 U/kg (60 U/kg with GpIIb-IIIa inhibitors), adjusted by blinded activated clotting time (ACT). Composite of major bleeding, minor bleeding, or major vascular access-site complications up to 48 hours after PCI. Key secondary outcomes include composite of major bleeding at 48 hours with death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization within day 30. The primary outcome occurred in 4.7% of those in the low-dose group vs 5.8% in the standard-dose group (odds ratio [OR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-1.19; P = .27). The rates of major bleeding were not different but the rates of minor bleeding were lower with 0.7% in the low-dose group vs 1.7% in the standard-dose group (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.16-0.97; P = .04). For the key secondary outcome, the rates for low-dose group were 5.8% vs 3.9% in the standard-dose group (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.00-2.28; P = .05) and for death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization it was 4.5% for the low-dose group vs 2.9% for the standard-dose group (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.98-2.53; P = .06). Catheter thrombus rates were very low (0.5% in the low-dose group and 0.1% in the standard-dose group, P = .15). Low-dose compared with standard-dose unfractionated heparin did not reduce major peri-PCI bleeding and vascular access-site complications. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00790907.

Refining the chronostratigraphy of the Karoo Basin, South Africa: magnetostratigraphic constraints support an early Permian age for the Ecca Group

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belica, Mercedes E.; Tohver, Eric; Poyatos-Moré, Miquel; Flint, Stephen; Parra-Avila, Luis A.; Lanci, Luca; Denyszyn, Steven; Pisarevsky, Sergei A.

2017-12-01

The Beaufort Group of the Karoo Basin, South Africa provides an important chrono- and biostratigraphic record of vertebrate turnovers that have been attributed to the end-Permian mass extinction events at ca. 252 and 260 Ma. However, an unresolved controversy exists over the age of the Beaufort Group due to a large data set of published U-Pb SHRIMP (Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microprobe) zircon results that indicate a ca. 274-250 Ma age range for deposition of the underlying Ecca Group. This age range requires the application of a highly diachronous sedimentation model to the Karoo Basin stratigraphy and is not supported by published palaeontologic and palynologic data. This study tested the strength of these U-Pb isotopic data sets using a magnetostratigraphic approach. Here, we present a composite ∼1500 m section through a large part of the Ecca Group from the Tanqua depocentre, located in the southwestern segment of the Karoo Basin. After the removal of two normal polarity overprints, a likely primary magnetic signal was isolated at temperatures above 450 °C. This section is restricted to a reverse polarity, indicating that it formed during the Kiaman Reverse Superchron (ca. 318-265 Ma), a distinctive magnetostratigraphic marker for early-middle Permian rocks. The Ecca Group has a corresponding palaeomagnetic pole at 40.8°S, 77.4°E (A95 = 5.5°). U-Pb SHRIMP ages on zircons are presented here for comparison with prior isotopic studies of the Ecca Group. A weighted mean U-Pb age of 269.5 ± 1.2 Ma was determined from a volcanic ash bed located in the uppermost Tierberg Formation sampled from the O + R1 research core. The age is interpreted here as a minimum constraint due to a proposed Pb-loss event that has likely influenced a number of published results. A comparison with the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale as well as published U-Pb TIMS ages from the overlying Beaufort Group supports a ca. 290-265 Ma age for deposition of the Ecca Group.

U.S. Marine Corps Enlistment Bonus Program

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-01-01

Bonus Groups to Alternative Question ...... -1 B-2 Responses to Attitude Questions For Bonus Groups ....... -2 C-1 Calculation of Enlistment Supply ...can be used to measure the effect of changes in bonus levels on enlistment supply . Alternatively , we can measure the effect of the bonus program...EBP (Enlistment Bonus Program) EniisteJ Personnel, EnltsteA Supply , marine corps Personnel, Questionnaires, Recruiting, Regression Aalysis, Response

The Globalization of Cooperative Groups

PubMed Central

Valdivieso, Manuel; Corn, Benjamin W.; Dancey, Janet E.; Wickerham, D. Lawrence; Horvath, L. Elise; Perez, Edith A.; Urton, Alison; Cronin, Walter M.; Field, Erica; Lackey, Evonne; Blanke, Charles D.

2015-01-01

The National Cancer Institute-supported adult cooperative oncology research groups (now officially Network groups) have a long-standing history of participating in international collaborations throughout the world. Most frequently, the U.S. based cooperative groups work reciprocally with the Canadian national adult cancer clinical trial group, NCIC CTG (previously the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group). Thus, Canada is the largest contributor to cooperative groups based in the U.S., and vice versa. Although international collaborations have many benefits, they are most frequently utilized to enhance patient accrual to large phase III trials originating in the U.S. or Canada. Within the cooperative group setting, adequate attention has not been given to the study of cancers that are unique to countries outside the U.S. and Canada, such as those frequently associated with infections in Latin America, Asia and Africa. Global collaborations are limited by a number of barriers, some of which are unique to the countries involved, while others are related to financial support and to U.S. policies that restrict drug distribution outside the U.S. This manuscript serves to detail the cooperative group experience in international research and describe how international collaboration in cancer clinical trials is a promising and important area that requires greater consideration in the future. PMID:26433551

A Mössbauer study of some new trinuclear Fe-S cluster compounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jing-Kun; Song, Li-Cheng; Zhang, Ze-Min; Liu, Rong-Gon; Cheng, Zheng-Zhung; Wang, Ji-Tao

1988-02-01

The reaction of (u-RS)2 (XMgS) Fe2 (CO)2 with CpFe (CO)2I gave thirteen new compounds (u-RS) [CpFe (CO)2S] Fe2 (CO)4. Mossbauer spectra were obtained at 80K. Two quadrupote doubles (A set and B set) were present. The ratio of areas between A set and B set was close to 2∶1. The molecule of every compound contained two Fe (2+) which were in the same chemical environment of low spin state with a coordination number of six, and the Mossbauer parameters of the two Fe (2+), IS=0.2 0.3 mm/s, QS=0.7 0.8 mm/s. In addition, the molecule contained a Fe (3+) in low spin state which was proved by ESR. Its Mossbauer parameters, IS=0.4 0.5 mm/s. QS=1.5±1.6 mm/s, The molecular structure of (u-MeS) [u-CpFe (CO)2S] Fe2 (CO)4 was determined by X-ray diffraction, monoclinic form, space group P21/n z=4, unit cell parameters, a=7.90A, b=10.77A, c=22.53A.

Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of apixaban and uninterrupted apixaban therapy compared to vitamin K antagonists in patients undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.

PubMed

Ukaigwe, Anene; Shrestha, Pragya; Karmacharya, Paras; Hussain, Sarah K; Samii, Soraya; Gonzalez, Mario D; Wolbrette, Deborah; Naccarrelli, Gerald V

2017-03-01

Apixaban is a Factor Xa inhibitor increasingly being used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). Although several studies have been done, the efficacy and safety of apixaban during the peri-procedural period of AF ablation remains unclear. We sought to systematically review pooled data from these various studies to evaluate thromboembolic and bleeding risks in patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF who are treated with apixaban (interrupted and uninterrupted). Studies comparing anticoagulation with apixaban or vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in patients undergoing ablation for AF were identified via an electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, clinical trials.gov, and Cochrane Library from inception to January 2016. Study-specific risk ratios were calculated and combined with a fixed-effects model meta-analysis. In the analysis of 2100 pooled patients, thromboembolic complications (TE) occurred in 14/778 (1.80 %) patients in the apixaban group (AG) compared to 20/1322 patients in the VKA group (RR 1.03, 95 % CI 0.55-1.90, p = 0.93, I 2  = 0 %). Major bleeding occurred in 9/778 (1.2 %) of the AG compared to 20/1322 (1.51 %) in the VKA group (RR 1.03, 95 % CI 0.55-1.90, p = 0.93, I 2  = 0 %). In uninterrupted apixaban group (uAG), TE occurred in 4/585 (0.68 %) patients in the uAG compared to 6/910 (0.66 %) in VKA group (RR 0.86, 95 % CI 0.25-2.95, p = 0.81, I 2  = 0 %). Major bleeding occurred in 5/585 (0.85 %) in uAG compared to 7/910 (0.77 %) in the VKA group (RR 1.20, 95 % CI 0.37-3.88, p = 0.76, I 2  = 0 %). Our study demonstrates patients treated with apixaban and VKA during the peri-procedural period for AF ablation have similar rates of TE and bleeding complications. Interrupted and uninterrupted apixaban strategies were associated with similar outcomes.

Theoretical study of the photodissociation of Li(2)+ in one-color intense laser fields.

PubMed

Li, Yuanjun; Jiang, Wanyi; Khait, Yuriy G; Hoffmann, Mark R

2011-05-07

A theoretical treatment of the photodissociation of the molecular ion Li(2) (+) in one-color intense laser fields, using the time-dependent wave packet approach in a Floquet Born-Oppenheimer representation, is presented. Six electronic states 1,2 (2)Σ(g)(+), 1,2 (2)Σ(u)(+), 1 (2)Π(g), and 1 (2)Π(u) are of relevance in this simulation and have been included. The dependences of the fragmental dissociation probabilities and kinetic energy release (KER) spectra on pulse width, peak intensity, polarization angle, wavelength, and initial vibrational level are analyzed to interpret the influence of control parameters of the external field. Three main dissociation channels, 1 (2)Σ(g)(+) (m = -1), 2 (2)Σ(g)(+) (m = -2), and 2 (2)Σ(u)(+) (m = -3), are seen to dominate the dissociation processes under a wide variety of laser conditions and give rise to well separated groups of KER features. Different dissociation mechanisms for the involved Floquet channels are discussed.

From the S U (2 ) quantum link model on the honeycomb lattice to the quantum dimer model on the kagome lattice: Phase transition and fractionalized flux strings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banerjee, D.; Jiang, F.-J.; Olesen, T. Z.; Orland, P.; Wiese, U.-J.

2018-05-01

We consider the (2 +1 ) -dimensional S U (2 ) quantum link model on the honeycomb lattice and show that it is equivalent to a quantum dimer model on the kagome lattice. The model has crystalline confined phases with spontaneously broken translation invariance associated with pinwheel order, which is investigated with either a Metropolis or an efficient cluster algorithm. External half-integer non-Abelian charges [which transform nontrivially under the Z (2 ) center of the S U (2 ) gauge group] are confined to each other by fractionalized strings with a delocalized Z (2 ) flux. The strands of the fractionalized flux strings are domain walls that separate distinct pinwheel phases. A second-order phase transition in the three-dimensional Ising universality class separates two confining phases: one with correlated pinwheel orientations, and the other with uncorrelated pinwheel orientations.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reynolds, Emily; Kennedy, Brendan J.; Avdeev, Maxim

A combination of S-XRD and NPD demonstrate the structure of Ba{sub 2}Y{sub 0.879}UO{sub 6+x} to be monoclinic in space group I2/m. That the U is hexavalent is evident from the U L{sub 2}-edge XANES measurements. This appears to be a rare example of a double perovskite containing vacancies at the octahedral B-sites and interstitial oxygen defects, which combine to stabilise hexavalent U and appears to be a consequence of the preparation of the sample in air. The Y vacancies, coupled with anion disorder, results in a distortion of the BO{sub 6} octahedra. - Graphical abstract: The structure of Ba{sub 2}Y{submore » 0.879}UO{sub 6+x} is shown to be a rare example of a double perovskite containing vacancies at the octahedral B-sites and interstitial oxygen defects. - Highlights: • Structure of Ba{sub 2}Y{sub 0.879}UO{sub 6+x} refined. • U L-edge XANES demonstrates the U is hexavalent. • Rare example of a perovskite containing vacancies at the octahedral B-site. • Y vacancies result in a distortion of the BO{sub 6} octahedra.« less

Effect of guava leaves on growth and the non-specific immune response of Penaeus monodon.

PubMed

Yin, Xiao-Li; Li, Zhuo-Jia; Yang, Keng; Lin, Hei-Zhao; Guo, Zhi-Xun

2014-09-01

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaf extracts have antiviral and antibacterial activity against shrimp pathogens such as yellow-head virus (YHV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and Vibrio harveyi, which make it a potential water disinfectant for use in shrimp culture. In this study, the safety of guava leaf supplementation in shrimp was evaluated by studying its influence on growth and the non-specific immune response of Penaeus monodon. Six diets containing different levels of guava leaves (0% [basal diet], 0.025% [G1], 0.05% [G2], 0.1% [G3], 0.2% [G4], and 0.4% [G5]) were fed to groups of shrimp (1.576 ± 0.011 g body weight) in triplicate for 56 days. Growth performance (final body weight, WG, PWG, SGR) of shrimp fed guava leaf diets was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of shrimp fed on the basal diet. The G1 diet resulted in the highest body weight gain (308.44%), followed by the G2 (295.45%), G3 (283.05%), G5 (281.29%), G4 (276.11%), and finally the basal diet (214.58%). Survival of shrimp in the G1 diet group was higher than that of shrimp in the control and the other experimental groups; however, no statistical differences (P > 0.05) were found. Dietary supplementation with guava leaf improved the activities of prophenoloxidase (PO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in serum, and of superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lysozyme (LSZ) both in serum and hepatopancreas of shrimp. In the experimental groups, the activities of these enzymes followed a similar pattern of change; they increased initially at low levels of dietary supplementation and then decreased with increasing concentrations of dietary guava leaf. Serum PO and SOD activities in shrimp fed the G1 diet reached 7.50 U ml(-1) and 178.33 U ml(-1), respectively, with PO activity being significantly higher than in controls. In shrimp fed the G1 diet, SOD, ACP, and AKP activities in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than in the controls, reaching 57.32 U g(-1), 23.28 U g(-1), and 19.35 U g(-1) protein, respectively. The highest activities of serum ACP, AKP, LSZ, and of hepatopancreas LSZ, were observed in the G3 diet group. Total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) activity was highest (64.80 U ml(-1)) in the G4 diet group, which was significantly higher than that observed in the control group. These results suggest that dietary guava leaf supplementation could enhance the growth performance and non-specific immune response of P. monodon. Therefore, guava leaf is considered safe for use as a water disinfectant in shrimp culture. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Clinical study of extraction treatment of Class II division I malocclusion with Empower self-ligating brackets].

PubMed

Chen, Xi-hua; Hua, Yong-mei; Xie, Xing-qian; Yu, Xiao-jia; Wang, Jian; Liu, Li-ming

2013-06-01

To evaluate and compare the treatment efficiency of Empower interactive self-ligating brackets and traditional brackets in Class II division I extraction patients. Forty patients with Class II division I malocclusion were randomly divided into 2 groups. Twenty patients received Empower self-ligating technique (group A) and the other 20 patients received MBT technique (group B). Four first premolars were extracted and without any other anchorage devices added in both groups. The duration of treatment, the number of visits and chair-side time were recorded. Cephalometric analysis was performed before and after treatment. The data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software package for paired t test. Treatment time and number of visits in group A were more than in group B, but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Chair-side time in group A reduced 151.15s on average compared with group B. Significant changes were observed in both groups after treatment. Upper and lower anterior teeth retracted and convex profile improved.U1-SN, U1-NA, L1-MP, L1-NB, UI-PTV, LI-PTV, UL-EP, LL-EP decreased. Significant differences were found in UM-PTV between the 2 groups(P<0.05). Compared with traditional brackets, Empower self-ligating brackets can save chair-side time, control anterior teeth torque and posterior teeth anchorage effectively, but can not reduce the treatment time or number of visits. Supported by Youth Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau(2010Y155).

Effect of intentional abutment disconnection on the micro-movements of the implant-abutment assembly: a 3D digital image correlation analysis.

PubMed

Messias, Ana; Rocha, Salomão; Calha, Nuno; Neto, Maria Augusta; Nicolau, Pedro; Guerra, Fernando

2017-01-01

Implant-abutment assembly stability is critical for the success of implant-supported rehabilitation. The intentional removal of the prosthetic components may hamper the achievement of the essential stability due to preload reduction in the screw joint and implant-screw mating surface changes. To evaluate the effect of intentional abutment disconnection and reconnection in the stability of internal locking hex implants and corresponding abutments using the method of 3D digital image correlation. Ten conical shape and internal hexagon connection implants were embedded in acrylic resin and assembled to prosthetic abutments with 30 Ncm torque and assigned to two groups: group 1 - tested for static load-bearing capacity at 30° off-axis for two times and group 2 - underwent intentional disconnection and reconnection between tests. Micro-movements were captured with two high-speed photographic cameras and analyzed with video correlation system in three spacial axes U, V and W. Screw abutment and internal implant thread morphology was observed with a field-emission scanning electron microscopy. After the intentional disconnection of the abutment, group 2 showed generally higher maximum displacements for U and V directions. Under 50N load, mean difference was 24.7 μm (P = 0.008) for U direction and -7.7 μm (P = 0.008) for V direction. No significant differences were found for maximum and minimum displacements in the W direction. Mean displacement of the speckle surface presented was statistically different in the two groups (P = 0.016). SEM revealed non-homogenous screw surfaces with scoring on group 2 plus striations and debris in the implant threads. Micro-movements were higher for the group submitted to intentional disconnection and reconnection of the abutment, particularly under average bite forces. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Mechanisms Underlying Endothelin-1 Level Elevations Caused by Excessive Fluoride Exposure.

PubMed

Sun, Liyan; Gao, Yanhui; Zhang, Wei; Liu, Xiaona; Li, Bingyun; Cui, Xiaohui; Sun, Dianjun

2016-01-01

To explore the mechanisms underlying endothelin-1 (ET-1) elevations induced by excessive fluoride exposure. We measured serum and bone fluoride ion content and plasma ET-1 levels and compared these parameters among different groups in an animal model. We also observed morphological changes in the aorta and endothelium of rabbits. In cell experiments, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with varying concentrations of NaF for 24h, with or without 10 µM U0126 pretreatment for 1 h. ET-1 levels in culture fluid and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, as well as ET1 gene, endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), extracellular signal-regulating kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), pERK1/2 expression levels and RAS activation were measured and compared among the groups. Plasma ET-1 levels of rabbits increased significantly in fluorinated groups compared with those in the control group. The rabbit thoracic aortas became slightly hardened in fluorinated groups compared with those in the control group, and some vacuoles were present in the endothelial cell cytoplasm of the rabbits in fluorinated groups. In our cell experiments, ET1 gene and ECE-1 expression levels in HUVECs and ET-1 expression levels in the cell culture supernatants increased significantly in some experimental groups compared with those in the control group. These trends paralleled the changes in intracellular ROS levels, RAS activation, and the pERK1/2-to-ERK1/2 ratio. After U0126 was added, ECE-1 expression and ET-1 levels decreased significantly. Excessive fluoride exposure leads to characteristic endothelial damage (vacuoles), thoracic aorta hardening, and plasma ET-1 level elevations in rabbits. In addition, the ROS-RAS-MEK1/2-pERK1/2/ERK1/2 pathway plays a crucial-and at least partial-role in ET-1 over-expression, which is promoted by excessive fluoride exposure. © 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Chronic postthoracotomy pain and perioperative ketamine infusion.

PubMed

Hu, Jie; Liao, Qin; Zhang, Fan; Tong, Jianbin; Ouyang, Wen

2014-06-01

The objectives of this study were to investigate whether continuous intravenous ketamine during the first 72 hours after thoracotomy could reduce the incidence and intensity of chronic postthoracotomy pain (CPTP) and to define the incidence and risk factors of CPTP. Seventy-eight patients receiving thoracotomy for lung tumor (benign or malignant) were randomly divided into two groups: ketamine group (n = 31) and control groups (n = 47). Patients in the ketamine group received intravenous ketamine 1 mg/kg before incision, followed by 2 μg/kg/minute infusion for 72 hours plus sufentanil patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after thoracotomy. Patients in the control group received intravenous a 0.9% normal saline and infusion plus sufentanil patient-controlled intravenous analgesia. The solutions patients received were blinded. The numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores and the incidence and risk factors of CPTP were recorded during the first 6 months after surgery. Compared with control group, the incidence of chronic pain in the ketamine group did not decrease at 2 months (χ(2) = 1.599, P = .206) and 6 months (χ(2) = 0.368, P = .544) after surgery. Postoperative pain scores in the ketamine group were not significantly different from those of the control group patients at 2 months (U = 677.5, P = .593) and 6 months (U = 690.5, P = .680). The incidence of CPTP was 78.2% (61/78) at 2 months and 53.8% (42/78) at 6 months after surgery. Retractor used time (OR = 5.811, P = .002), inadequate acute pain control (NRS ≥ 5) (OR = 5.425, P = .048), and chemotherapy (OR = 3.784, P = .056) were independent risk factors for chronic postthoracotomy pain. The authors conclude that continuous intravenous ketamine (2 μg/kg/min) during the first 72 hours after thoracotomy was not beneficial to prevent chronic postthoracotomy pain. The independent risk factors for chronic postthoracotomy pain were retractor used time, inadequate acute pain control, and chemotherapy.

Collective Narcissism: Americans Exaggerate the Role of Their Home State in Appraising U.S. History.

PubMed

Putnam, Adam L; Ross, Morgan Q; Soter, Laura K; Roediger, Henry L

2018-06-01

Collective narcissism-a phenomenon in which individuals show excessively high regard for their own group-is ubiquitous in studies of small groups. We examined how Americans from the 50 U.S. states ( N = 2,898) remembered U.S. history by asking them, "In terms of percentage, what do you think was your home state's contribution to the history of the United States?" The mean state estimates ranged from 9% (Iowa) to 41% (Virginia), with the total contribution for all states equaling 907%, indicating strong collective narcissism. In comparison, ratings provided by nonresidents for states were much lower (but still high). Surprisingly, asking people questions about U.S. history before they made their judgment did not lower estimates. We argue that this ethnocentric bias is due to ego protection, selective memory retrieval processes involving the availability heuristic, and poor statistical reasoning. This study shows that biases that influence individual remembering also influence collective remembering.

The Effect of U.S. University Students' Problematic Internet Use on Family Relationships: A Mixed-Methods Investigation.

PubMed

Snyder, Susan M; Li, Wen; O'Brien, Jennifer E; Howard, Matthew O

2015-01-01

This is the first study to investigate how college students in the U.S. with problematic Internet use perceive the role the Internet plays within their families of origin. The sample included 27 U.S. university students who self-identified as excessive Internet users. Participants reported spending more than 25 hours a week on the Internet on non-school or non-work-related activities and reported Internet-associated health and/or psychosocial problems. This study provides descriptive statistics from participants' completion of two problematic Internet use measures (i.e., Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire and the Compulsive Internet Use Scale) and reports findings from four focus groups. Three themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) family connectedness, (2) family conflict/family disconnection, and (3) family Internet overuse. The findings of this study are a first step toward the design of effective interventions for problematic Internet use among U.S. college students and serve to inform clinical practice and health policy in this area.

The Effect of U.S. University Students' Problematic Internet Use on Family Relationships: A Mixed-Methods Investigation

PubMed Central

Snyder, Susan M.; Li, Wen; O’Brien, Jennifer E.; Howard, Matthew O.

2015-01-01

This is the first study to investigate how college students in the U.S. with problematic Internet use perceive the role the Internet plays within their families of origin. The sample included 27 U.S. university students who self-identified as excessive Internet users. Participants reported spending more than 25 hours a week on the Internet on non-school or non-work-related activities and reported Internet-associated health and/or psychosocial problems. This study provides descriptive statistics from participants' completion of two problematic Internet use measures (i.e., Young's Diagnostic Questionnaire and the Compulsive Internet Use Scale) and reports findings from four focus groups. Three themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) family connectedness, (2) family conflict/family disconnection, and (3) family Internet overuse. The findings of this study are a first step toward the design of effective interventions for problematic Internet use among U.S. college students and serve to inform clinical practice and health policy in this area. PMID:26658077

Charge localization and ordering in A 2 Mn 8 O 16 hollandite group oxides: Impact of density functional theory approaches

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kaltak, Merzuk; Fernandez-Serra, Marivi; Hybertsen, Mark S.

The phases of A 2Mn 8O 16 hollandite group oxides emerge from the competition between ionic interactions, Jahn-Teller effects, charge ordering, and magnetic interactions. Their balanced treatment with feasible computational approaches can be challenging for commonly used approximations in density functional theory. Three examples (A = Ag, Li, and K) are studied with a sequence of different approximate exchange-correlation functionals. Starting from a generalized gradient approximation (GGA), an extension to include van der Waals interactions and a recently proposed meta-GGA are considered. Then local Coulomb interactions for the Mn 3d electrons are more explicitly considered with the DFT + Umore » approach. Finally, selected results from a hybrid functional approach provide a reference. Results for the binding energy of the A species in the parent oxide highlight the role of van der Waals interactions. Relatively accurate results for insertion energies can be achieved with a low-U and a high-U approach. In the low-U case, the materials are described as band metals with a high-symmetry, tetragonal crystal structure. In the high-U case, the electrons donated by A result in formation of local Mn 3+ centers and corresponding Jahn-Teller distortions characterized by a local order parameter. The resulting degree of monoclinic distortion depends on charge ordering and magnetic interactions in the phase formed. The reference hybrid functional results show charge localization and ordering. Comparison to low-temperature experiments of related compounds suggests that charge localization is the physically correct result for the hollandite group oxides studied here. Lastly, while competing effects in the local magnetic coupling are subtle, the fully anisotropic implementation of DFT + U gives the best overall agreement with results from the hybrid functional.« less

21-Aminosteroids prevent the down-regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 induced by hypoxia and inflammation in conscious rabbits

PubMed Central

Galal, Ahmed; du Souich, Patrick

1999-01-01

This study was conducted to assess whether a 21-aminosteroid, U74389G, could prevent the down-regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450) induced by acute moderate hypoxia or an inflammatory reaction.The rabbits of two groups (n=6 per group) were subjected to acute moderate hypoxia (PaO2≈35 mmHg), one pre-treated with U74389G (3 mg kg−1 i.v. every 6 h, for 48 h). The rabbits of two other groups received 5 ml of turpentine s.c., one of them being pre-treated with U74389G (3 mg kg−1 i.v. every 6 h, for 72 h). The kinetics of theophylline (2.5 mg kg−1) were assessed to evaluate the activity of the P450. Once the rabbits were sacrificed, the P450 content and the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of lipid peroxidation, were estimated in the liver.Compared with control rabbits, hypoxia and inflammation increased theophylline plasma concentrations, as a result of a decrease in theophylline systemic clearance (P<0.05). Both experimental conditions reduced hepatic content of P450 by 40–50% (P<0.05) and increased the amount of hepatic TBARS by around 50% (P<0.05). Pre-treatment with U74389G prevented the hypoxia- and inflammation-induced decrease in theophylline systemic clearance, the down-regulation of hepatic P450, and the increase in liver TBARS.It is concluded that in the rabbit, U74389G prevents hepatic P450 depression produced by acute moderate hypoxia and a turpentine-induced inflammatory reaction, possibly by eliciting a radical quenching antioxidant activity. PMID:10510447

Charge localization and ordering in A 2 Mn 8 O 16 hollandite group oxides: Impact of density functional theory approaches

DOE PAGES

Kaltak, Merzuk; Fernandez-Serra, Marivi; Hybertsen, Mark S.

2017-12-01

The phases of A 2Mn 8O 16 hollandite group oxides emerge from the competition between ionic interactions, Jahn-Teller effects, charge ordering, and magnetic interactions. Their balanced treatment with feasible computational approaches can be challenging for commonly used approximations in density functional theory. Three examples (A = Ag, Li, and K) are studied with a sequence of different approximate exchange-correlation functionals. Starting from a generalized gradient approximation (GGA), an extension to include van der Waals interactions and a recently proposed meta-GGA are considered. Then local Coulomb interactions for the Mn 3d electrons are more explicitly considered with the DFT + Umore » approach. Finally, selected results from a hybrid functional approach provide a reference. Results for the binding energy of the A species in the parent oxide highlight the role of van der Waals interactions. Relatively accurate results for insertion energies can be achieved with a low-U and a high-U approach. In the low-U case, the materials are described as band metals with a high-symmetry, tetragonal crystal structure. In the high-U case, the electrons donated by A result in formation of local Mn 3+ centers and corresponding Jahn-Teller distortions characterized by a local order parameter. The resulting degree of monoclinic distortion depends on charge ordering and magnetic interactions in the phase formed. The reference hybrid functional results show charge localization and ordering. Comparison to low-temperature experiments of related compounds suggests that charge localization is the physically correct result for the hollandite group oxides studied here. Lastly, while competing effects in the local magnetic coupling are subtle, the fully anisotropic implementation of DFT + U gives the best overall agreement with results from the hybrid functional.« less

[Experimental study on protective effects of HupA in the treatment of isocarbophos poisoning].

PubMed

Liu, Li; Xie, Guang-yun; Wang, Jian; Sun, Jin-xiu

2006-06-01

To investigate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficiency of HupA in mice with acute isocarbophos poisoning, and the protective effects of the HupA on AChE inhibited by isocarbophos. Mice were randomizedly divided into the non-treatment group, the atropine control group, the HupA treatment group and the atropine and HupA combined treatment group. Toxic signs and survival rates were observed and compared among these groups. The AChE activity was monitored in the whole blood, the red cells and brain tissue exposed to isocarbophos in the either treated with HupA or non-treated groups. In HupA treatment group compared with the non-treatment group, toxic signs were significantly decreased and the survival rate was increased. The therapeutic efficiency in the atropine and HupA combined treatment group was better than other groups. After isocarbophos was administered, the AChE activity in the HupA treatment group and the non-treatment group was decreased. However, the AChE activity in the whole blood (1.096 +/- 0.111), (1.262 +/- 0.146), (1.181 +/- 0.353) U/ml, the red cells (0.798 +/- 0.063), (1.000 +/- 0.176), (0.837 +/- 0.331) and the brain tissue (13.739 +/- 2.970), (18.507 +/- 3.466), (10.764 +/- 2.212) U/g in HupA treatment group 0.5, 1 and 2 hours after isocarbophos was administered was significantly higher than those in the non-treatment group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). HupA has therapeutic effect on mice with acute isocarbophos poisoning. The protective effect of HupA on blood and brain AChE inhibited by isocarbophos may be one of the mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of HupA in acute Isocarbophos poisoning.

U.S. International Trade: Trends and Forecasts

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-11-26

Agreements: Impact on U.S. Trade and Implications for U.S. Trade Policy, by William H. Cooper;CRS Report RL32371, Trade Remedies: A Primer, by Vivian C...initial public offering of the Blackstone Group, a U.S. private equity group. Morgan Stanley research estimates that such sovereign wealth funds could

Relationships between biomarkers of cartilage, bone, synovial metabolism and knee pain provide insights into the origins of pain in early knee osteoarthritis.

PubMed

Ishijima, Muneaki; Watari, Taiji; Naito, Kiyohito; Kaneko, Haruka; Futami, Ippei; Yoshimura-Ishida, Kaori; Tomonaga, Akihito; Yamaguchi, Hideyo; Yamamoto, Tetsuro; Nagaoka, Isao; Kurosawa, Hisashi; Poole, Robin A; Kaneko, Kazuo

2011-02-14

We tested the hypothesis that there exist relationships between the onset of early stage radiographically defined knee osteoarthritis (OA), pain and changes in biomarkers of joint metabolism. Using Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) grading early radiographic knee OA (K/L 2) was detected in 16 of 46 patients. These grades (K/L 1 is no OA and K/L 2 is early OA) were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of persistent knee pain. Sera (s) and urines (u) were analysed with biomarkers for cartilage collagen cleavage (sC2C and uCTX-II) and synthesis (sCPII), bone resorption (uNTx) and synovitis (hyaluronic acid: sHA). sCPII decreased and sC2C/sCPII, uCTX-II/sCPII and sHA increased with onset of OA (K/L 2 versus K/L 1) irrespective of joint pain. In contrast, sC2C and uCTX-II remained unchanged in early OA patients. Of the patients with K/L grades 1 and 2 sC2C, sCPII, sHA, uNTX and uCTX-II were all significantly increased in patients with knee pain independent of grade. Among the K/L grade 2 subjects, only uCTX-II and uCTX-II/sCPII were increased in those with knee pain. In grade 1 patients both sC2C and sCPII were increased in those with knee pain. No such grade specific changes were seen for the other biomarkers including sHA. These results suggest that changes in cartilage matrix turnover detected by molecular biomarkers may reflect early changes in cartilage structure that account directly or indirectly for knee pain. Also K/L grade 1 patients with knee pain exhibit biomarker features of early OA.

Lightning Optical Pulse Statistics from Storm Overflights During the Altus Cumulus Electrification Study

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mach, D. M.; Blakeslee, R. J.; Bailey, J. C.; Farrell, W. M.; Goldberg, R. A.; Desch, M. D.; Houser, J. G.

2004-01-01

The Altus Cumulus Electrification Study (ACES) was conducted during the month of August, 2002 in an area near Key West, Florida. One of the goals of this uninhabited aerial vehicle (UAV) study was to collect time resolved optical pulse data from thunderstorms. During the month long campaign, we acquired 5294 lightning generated optical pulses. Most of these observations were made while close to the top of the storms. We divided our data into two amplitude groups based on prior NASA U2 aircraft optical data and our pulse characteristics. The group of large pulses with radiance greater than 2.1 mW /sq m sr had mean and median 10 - 10% optical pulse widths of 765 and 735 microns respectively, the 50-50% pulse widths of 396 and 355 microns respectively, and 10-90% rise times of 290 and 260 microns. These values are very similar to the previous U2 based optical results The other group of pulses consisting of slightly more than a quarter of the total pulses observed had radiances less than the minimum values detected in the U2 study. The small pulses were narrower than the large pulses with 5040% mean and median values of 198 and 160 ps respectively. Only 12 % of the flashes contained only small pulses, minimizing the impact of this data on the estimates of detection efficiencies of the orbital instruments, the Lightning Imaging Sensor and Optical Transient Detector.

Effect of Steam Autoclaving on the Tensile Strength of Resin Cements Used for Bonding Two-Piece Zirconia Abutments.

PubMed

Fadanelli, Marcos Alexandre; Amaral, Flávia Lucisano Botelho do; Basting, Roberta Tarkany; Turssi, Cecilia Pedroso; Sotto-Maior, Bruno Salles; França, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes

2017-04-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of steam autoclave sterilization on the tensile strength of two types of resin cements used to bond customized CAD/CAM zirconia abutments onto titanium bases. Forty sets of zirconia abutments cemented to screwed titanium bases of implants analogs were divided into 4 groups (n = 10). Two groups were treated with a conventional chemically activated resin cement (ML, Multilink Ivoclar Vivadent) and the other two groups with a self-adhesive dual resin cement (RelyX U200, 3M ESPE). One group from each cement was submitted to steam autoclaving. The autoclave sterilization cycle was performed after 72 hours of cementation for 15 minutes at 121°C and 2.1 Kgf/cm 2 . The samples were subjected to tensile strength testing in a universal testing machine (200 Kgf, 0.5 mm/min), from which the means and standard deviations were obtained in Newtons. Results showed (via ANOVA and Tukey's test; α = 0.05) that in the absence of steam autoclaving, no difference was observed in tensile strength between the cements tested: ML: 344.87 (93.79) and U200: 280 (92.42) (P = .314). Steam autoclaving, however, significantly increased tensile strength for the ML: 465.42 (87.87) compared to U200: 289.10 (49.02) (P < .001). Despite the significant increase in the ML samples (P = .013), autoclaving did not affect the tensile strength of the U200 samples (P > 0.05). The authors concluded that steam autoclaving increases the mean tensile strength of the chemically activated cement compared to the dual-cure self-adhesive cement. The performance of both cements evaluated was similar if the sterilization step was disconsidered.