Analysis of educational research at a medical faculty in Germany and suggestions for strategic development – a case study

PubMed Central

Prediger, Sarah; Harendza, Sigrid

2016-01-01

Background: Evidence-based medical education is playing an increasingly important role in the choice of didactic methods and the development of medical curricula and assessments. In Germany, a growing number of educational research projects has accompanied an ongoing change in the medical education process. The aim of this project was to assess medical education research activities at one medical faculty to develop procedural recommendations for the support and development of best evidence medical education. Methods: Using a newly developed online questionnaire, the 65 institutes and departments of the medical faculty of Hamburg University at Hamburg University Medical-Center (UKE) were asked to report their medical education research and service projects, medical education publications, medical education theses, financial support for educational projects, and supportive structures that they would consider helpful in the future. The data were grouped, and a SWOT analysis was performed. Results: In total, 60 scientists who were involved in 112 medical education research publications between 1998 and 2014 were identified at the UKE. Twenty-five of them had published at least one manuscript as first or last author. Thirty-three UKE institutions were involved in educational service or research projects at the time of the study, and 75.8% of them received internal or external funding. Regular educational research meetings and the acquisition of co-operation partners were mentioned most frequently as beneficial supportive structures for the future. Conclusion: An analysis to define the status quo of medical education research at a medical faculty seems to be a helpful first step for the development of a strategy and structure to further support researchers in medical education. PMID:27990467

Analysis of educational research at a medical faculty in Germany and suggestions for strategic development - a case study.

PubMed

Prediger, Sarah; Harendza, Sigrid

2016-01-01

Background: Evidence-based medical education is playing an increasingly important role in the choice of didactic methods and the development of medical curricula and assessments. In Germany, a growing number of educational research projects has accompanied an ongoing change in the medical education process. The aim of this project was to assess medical education research activities at one medical faculty to develop procedural recommendations for the support and development of best evidence medical education. Methods: Using a newly developed online questionnaire, the 65 institutes and departments of the medical faculty of Hamburg University at Hamburg University Medical-Center (UKE) were asked to report their medical education research and service projects, medical education publications, medical education theses, financial support for educational projects, and supportive structures that they would consider helpful in the future. The data were grouped, and a SWOT analysis was performed. Results: In total, 60 scientists who were involved in 112 medical education research publications between 1998 and 2014 were identified at the UKE. Twenty-five of them had published at least one manuscript as first or last author. Thirty-three UKE institutions were involved in educational service or research projects at the time of the study, and 75.8% of them received internal or external funding. Regular educational research meetings and the acquisition of co-operation partners were mentioned most frequently as beneficial supportive structures for the future. Conclusion: An analysis to define the status quo of medical education research at a medical faculty seems to be a helpful first step for the development of a strategy and structure to further support researchers in medical education.

7 CFR 3402.12 - Project summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Project summary. 3402.12 Section 3402.12 Agriculture... AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES NATIONAL NEEDS GRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE FELLOWSHIP GRANTS PROGRAM Preparation of an Application § 3402.12 Project summary. Using the Project Summary, Form NIFA-2003, applicants must summarize...

7 CFR 3402.12 - Project summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Project summary. 3402.12 Section 3402.12 Agriculture... AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES NATIONAL NEEDS GRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE FELLOWSHIP GRANTS PROGRAM Preparation of an Application § 3402.12 Project summary. Using the Project Summary, Form NIFA-2003, applicants must summarize...

7 CFR 3402.12 - Project summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Project summary. 3402.12 Section 3402.12 Agriculture... AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES NATIONAL NEEDS GRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE FELLOWSHIP GRANTS PROGRAM Preparation of an Application § 3402.12 Project summary. Using the Project Summary, Form NIFA-2003, applicants must summarize...

7 CFR 3402.12 - Project summary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Project summary. 3402.12 Section 3402.12 Agriculture... AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES NATIONAL NEEDS GRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE FELLOWSHIP GRANTS PROGRAM Preparation of an Application § 3402.12 Project summary. Using the Project Summary, Form CSREES-2003, applicants must summarize...

National Program for e-Learning in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chang, Maiga; Wang, Chin-Yeh; Chen, Gwo-Dong

2009-01-01

Taiwan government has initiated a five-year program since 2002: the National Science and Technology Program for e-Learning. The national program started from 2003 and was completed at the end of year 2007, involving thirteen government agencies. This paper describes the results that the national program has accomplished at its first phase, 2003 to…

76 FR 49398 - Non-Discrimination in Compensation; Compensation Data Collection Tool

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

... 1998). \\8\\ See O'Neill, June E., ``The Gender Gap in Wages, Circa 2000,'' American Economic Review (May 2003). \\9\\ Jacobsen, Joyce P., The Economics of Gender (2007). \\10\\ Jacobsen, supra; see also, e.g... practices and potential equal employment- related issues. OFCCP is issuing this Advanced Notice of Proposed...

Modeling Science Achievement Differences between Single-Sex and Coeducational Schools: Analyses from Hong Kong, SAR and New Zealand from TIMSS 1995, 1999, and 2003

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diaconu, Dana V.

2012-01-01

There is a broad interest in narrowing achievement gaps among all groups of students and improving education by scientifically sound methods. On October 25, 2006, the United States Department of Education published new regulations allowing single-sex education in public schools whenever schools think it will improve student achievement. Thus far,…

Expedition Seven Science Officer Lu with laptop

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-07-16

ISS007-E-10478 (16 July 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, uses a computer in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

24 CFR 990.195 - Calculation of formula income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Calculation of formula income. 990... fiscal year-end information: (1) April 1, 2003, through March 31, 2004; (2) July 1, 2003, through June 30... communications with the respective PHAs. (e) Inapplicability of 24 CFR 85.25. Formula income is not subject to...

The effects of deep-level defects on the electrical properties of Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Pengfei; Nan, Ruihua; Jian, Zengyun

2017-06-01

The deep-level defects of CdZnTe (CZT) crystals grown by the modified vertical Bridgman (MVB) method act as trapping centers or recombination centers in the band gap, which have significant effects on its electrical properties. The resistivity and electron mobility-lifetime product of high resistivity Cd0.9Zn0.1Te wafer marked CZT1 and low resistivity Cd0.9Zn0.1Te wafer marked CZT2 were tested respectively. Their deep-level defects were identified by thermally stimulated current (TSC) spectroscopy and thermoelectric effect spectroscopy (TEES) respectively. Then the trap-related parameters were characterized by the simultaneous multiple peak analysis (SIMPA) method. The deep donor level ({E}{{DD}}) dominating dark current was calculated by the relationship between dark current and temperature. The Fermi-level was characterized by current-voltage measurements of temperature dependence. The width of the band gap was characterized by ultraviolet-visible-infrared transmittance spectroscopy. The results show the traps concentration and capture cross section of CZT1 are lower than CZT2, so its electron mobility-lifetime product is greater than CZT2. The Fermi-level of CZT1 is closer to the middle gap than CZT2. The degree of Fermi-level pinned by {E}{{DD}} of CZT1 is larger than CZT2. It can be concluded that the resistivity of CZT crystals increases as the degree of Fermi-level pinned near the middle gap by the deep donor level enlarges. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51502234) and the Scientific Research Plan Projects of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education of China (No. 15JS040).

Evaluation of Landsat-7 SLC-off image products for forest change detection

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wulder, Michael A.; Ortlepp, Stephanie M.; White, Joanne C.; Maxwell, Susan

2008-01-01

Since July 2003, Landsat-7 ETM+ has been operating without the scan line corrector (SLC), which compensates for the forward motion of the satellite in the imagery acquired. Data collected in SLC-off mode have gaps in a systematic wedge-shaped pattern outside of the central 22 km swath of the imagery; however, the spatial and spectral quality of the remaining portions of the imagery are not diminished. To explore the continued use of Landsat-7 ETM+ SLC-off imagery to characterize change in forested environments, we compare the change detection results generated from a reference image pair (a 1999 Landsat-7 ETM+ image and a 2003 Landsat-5 TM image) with change detection results generated from the same 1999 Landsat-7 ETM+ image coupled with three different 2003 Landsat-7 SLC-off products: unremediated SLC-off (i.e., with gaps); histogram-based gap-filled; and segment-based gap-filled. The results are compared on both a pixel and polygon basis; on a pixel basis, the unremediated SLC-off product missed 35% of the change identified by the reference data, and the histogram- and segment-based gap-filled products missed 23% and 21% of the change, respectively. When using forest inventory polygons as a context for change (to reduce commission error), the amount of change missed was 31%, 14%, and 12% for the each of the unremediated, histogram-based gap-filled, and segment-based gap-filled products, respectively. Our results indicate that over the time period considered, and given the types and spatial distribution of change events within our study area, the gap-filled products can provide a useful data source for change detection in forested environments. The selection of which product to use is, however, very dependent on the nature of the application and the spatial configuration of change events. ?? 2008 Government of Canada.

ASIST 2003: Part II: Panels.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Proceedings of the ASIST Annual Meeting, 2003

2003-01-01

Forty-six panels address topics including women in information science; users and usability; information studies; reference services; information policies; standards; interface design; information retrieval; information networks; metadata; shared access; e-commerce in libraries; knowledge organization; information science theories; digitization;…

Educational standardization and gender differences in mathematics achievement: A comparative study.

PubMed

Ayalon, Hanna; Livneh, Idit

2013-03-01

We argue that between-country variations in the gender gap in mathematics are related to the level of educational system standardization. In countries with standardized educational systems both genders are exposed to similar knowledge and are motivated to invest in studying mathematics, which leads to similar achievements. We hypothesize that national examinations and between-teacher uniformity in covering major mathematics topics are associated with a smaller gender gap in a country. Based on Trends of International Mathematical and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003, we use multilevel regression models to compare the link of these two factors to the gender gap in 32 countries, controlling for various country characteristics. The use of national examinations and less between-teacher instructional variation prove major factors in reducing the advantage of boys over girls in mathematics scores and in the odds of excelling. Factors representing gender stratification, often analyzed in comparative gender-gap research in mathematics, are at most marginal in respect of the gap. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Review of 1953-2003 ORAU Follow-Up Studies on Science Education Programs: Impacts on Participants' Education and Careers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Oak Ridge Associated Universities

2006-06-01

Through sponsorship of science education programs for undergraduates and graduates, such as research participation programs and fellowships, the Department of Energy (DOE) encouraged the development of adequate numbers of qualified science and engineering (S&E) personnel to meet its current and future research and development (R&D) needs. This retrospective study summarizes impacts of selected programs on these participants. The summary data are from follow-up studies conducted from 1953 through 2003 by Oak Ridge Associated Universities and its predecessor, the Oak Ridge Institute for Nuclear Studies (ORINS).

A 5E Nature of Science Introduction: Preparing Students to Learn about Evolution

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bilica, Kimberly

2012-01-01

Teachers often struggle with controversy when teaching biological evolution in American schools. Research indicates that curriculum with a nature of science (NOS) focus quells controversy (McComas 2004; Scharmann 2005; Staver 2003). This article presents a 5E NOS series that is a first step in a NOS curriculum that situates student understanding…

Closing the Gender Gap: Improved Performance of U.S.-Born Females on the National Assessment of Adult Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Dale J.; White, Sheida; Cohen, Steffaney B.

2012-01-01

This study analyzed the current state of the gender literacy gap and the change in the gender literacy gap between 1992 and 2003, using the 1992 National Adult Literacy Survey (NALS) and the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL). The results revealed that although there were significant gender literacy gaps in 1992, virtually all…

GENDER EQUALITY AND THE GENDER GAP IN MATHEMATICS.

PubMed

Tao, Hung-Lin; Michalopoulos, Christos

2018-03-01

A gender gap has been found in mathematics (boys outperform girls) that has prevailed across countries for many decades. Whether this gap results from nature or nurture has been hotly debated. Using the evidence of PISA 2003 and the gender equality index of 2003, some researchers have argued that an improvement in gender equality reduces the gender gap in mathematics. This study used five waves of country-level PISA data and, controlling for country fixed effects, found no evidence to support this argument. Furthermore, individual data for PISA 2012 and the multilevel data model were used. The conclusion drawn also does not support the argument. In fact, the relationship between gender equality and the gender gap in mathematics vanished after PISA 2003.

Characterization of Particulate Emissions: Size Fractionation and Chemical Speciation

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-10-01

Absorption by Aerosols. Aerosol Science and Technology 30(6) 1999 582-600. Hansen, A.D.A., H. Rosen, T. Novakov (1984). The Aethalometer - An...towards increasing levels of BC production ( Novakov , Ramanathan et al. 2003). It is unhealthy to breath the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that... Novakov , T., V. Ramanathan, J. E. Hansen, T. W. Kirchstetter, M. Sato, J. E. Sinton and J. A. Sathaye (2003). "Large historical changes of fossil

The astronomical rhythm of Late-Devonian climate change (Kowala section, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Vleeschouwer, David; Rakociński, Michał; Racki, Grzegorz; Bond, David P. G.; Sobień, Katarzyna; Claeys, Philippe

2013-03-01

Rhythmical alternations between limestone and shales or marls characterize the famous Kowala section, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Two intervals of this section were studied for evidence of orbital cyclostratigraphy. The oldest interval spans the Frasnian-Famennian boundary, deposited under one of the hottest greenhouse climates of the Phanerozoic. The youngest interval encompasses the Devonian-Carboniferous (D-C) boundary, a pivotal moment in Earth's climatic history that saw a transition from greenhouse to icehouse. For the Frasnian-Famennian sequence, lithological variations are consistent with 405-kyr and 100-kyr eccentricity forcing and a cyclostratigraphic floating time-scale is presented. The interpretation of observed lithological rhythms as eccentricity cycles is confirmed by amplitude modulation patterns in agreement with astronomical theory and by the recognition of precession cycles in high-resolution stable isotope records. The resulting relative time-scale suggests that ˜800 kyr separate the Lower and Upper Kellwasser Events (LKE and UKE, respectively), two periods of anoxia that culminated in massive biodiversity loss at the end of the Frasnian. Th/U and pyrite framboid analyses indicate that during the UKE, oxygen levels remained low for 400 kyr and δ13Corg measurements demonstrate that more than 600 kyr elapsed before the carbon cycle reached a steady state after a +3‰ UKE excursion. The Famennian-Tournaisian (D-C) interval also reveals eccentricity and precession-related lithological variations. Precession-related alternations clearly demonstrate grouping into 100-kyr bundles. The Famennian part of this interval is characterized by several distinctive anoxic black shales, including the Annulata, Dasberg and Hangenberg shales. Our high-resolution cyclostratigraphic framework indicates that those shales were deposited at 2.2 and 2.4 Myr intervals respectively. These durations strongly suggest a link between the long-period (˜2.4 Myr) eccentricity cycle and the development of the Annulata, Dasberg and Hangenberg anoxic shales. It is assumed that these black shales form under transgressive conditions, when extremely high eccentricity promoted the collapse of small continental ice-sheets at the most austral latitudes of western Gondwana.

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit is troubleshooting the MSG in the U.S. Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-02-27

ISS006-E-34567 (27 February 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, works on the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Fermi-Level Pinning of Contacted Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Shi-Yu; Liu, Lei; Jayanthi, Chakram; Guo, Guang-Yu

2004-03-01

Experimental evidences suggest that the Fermi-level of a contacted SWCNT with an energy gap is pinned in the vicinity of either the top of the valence band or the bottom of the conduction band, depending on the work function of the metallic leads (see, for example, E. D. Minot, Yuval Yaish,Vera Sazonova, Ji-Yong Park, Markus Brink, and Paul L. McEuen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 156401 (2003)). This pinning of the Fermi-level may be attributed to the finite length of the contacted SWCNT. In this presentation, we report the result of our study of the pinning of the Fermi-level of a finite SWCNT, using the single π-orbital theory modified by the inclusion of a self-consistent scheme for the determination of charge transfer. We will also discuss the effect of the Fermi-level pinning on the transport properties of a SWCNT with a gap, either intrinsic or induced by a mechanical deformation. This work is supported by the NSF (Grant Nos: DMR-0112824 and ECS-0224114), the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No: DE-FG02-00ER45832), and the National Science Council of Taiwan.

Expedition Seven Science Officer Lu works with IRED hardware in Node 1/Unity

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-06-23

ISS007-E-08023 (23 June 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs maintenance on the Interim Resistive Exercise Device (IRED) Assembly in the Unity node on the International Space Station (ISS).

Mathematics, Foreign Language, and Science Coursetaking and the NELS:88 Transcript Data. Working Paper No. 2003-01

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burkam, David T.; Lee, Valerie E.

2003-01-01

This report describes efforts to create and test variables measuring students' high-school coursetaking in mathematics, foreign language, and science, using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS) NELS:88 transcript file (National Center for Education Statitstics (NCES) projects 1.2.4.13 and 1.2.4.39). The first project…

National Plant Genome Initiative: 2003-2008

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-01

maize, wheat, barley and sorghum. ! New fundamental science discoveries including: (1) the structure and organization of centromeres in higher plants ...JAN 2003 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2003 to 00-00-2003 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE National Plant Genome Initiative: 2003-2008 5a...National Science Foundation. National Plant Genome Initiative: 2003 - 2008 National Science and Technology Council Committee on Science Interagency

Exploring Differential Science Performance in Korea and South Africa: A Multilevel Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cho, Mee-Ok; Scherman, Vanessa; Gaigher, Estelle

2014-01-01

This paper reports on secondary analysis of TIMSS 2003 data with the aim of explaining the difference in science achievement of Korean and South African learners. The question asked by this research, i.e. which factors at various educational levels influence science achievement in Korea and South Africa respectively, is addressed from the…

Engaging in Science: A Feeling for the Discipline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jaber, Lama Z.; Hammer, David

2016-01-01

Most accounts of affect and motivation in the science education literature have discussed them as relevant to, but distinct from, disciplinary pursuits. These include Pintrich's seminal work on affective and motivational factors in learning science (P. R. Pintrich, 1999, 2003; P. R. Pintrich & E. De Groot, 1990; P. R. Pintrich, R. W. Marx,…

76 FR 21073 - Notice of Intent To Seek Approval To Continue an Information Collection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-14

... Excellence in Science, Mathematics and Engineering Mentoring (PAESMEM) program. In 2003, to comply with E... would ``receive recommendations made by any other nationally representative scientific or engineering..., biological, mathematical, engineering or social and behavioral sciences. 2. Achievements of an unusually...

Gender Wage Gaps by College Major in Taiwan: Empirical Evidence from the 1997-2003 Manpower Utilization Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lin, Eric S.

2010-01-01

In this article, we examine the effect of incorporating the fields of study on the explained and unexplained components of the standard Oaxaca decomposition for the gender wage gaps in Taiwan using 1997-2003 Manpower Utilization Survey data. Using several existing and lately developed measures, we inspect the gender wage gap by college major to…

Curriculum Summary: Grade Six, 2003-2004 = Sommaire des Programmes: 6e annee, 2003-2004.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Learning, Edmonton.

Intended for parents as a companion to the Alberta Curriculum Guides, this summary, in English- and French-language versions, uses an "at a glance" schematic to list the curricular goals for Grade 6 in Alberta. In addition to English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies, goals cover art, music, health and life skills,…

Curriculum Summary: Grade Four, 2003-2004 = Sommaire des Programmes: 4e annee, 2003-2004.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Learning, Edmonton.

Intended for parents as a companion to the Alberta Curriculum Guides, this summary, in English- and French-language versions, uses an "at a glance" schematic to list the curricular goals for Grade 4 in Alberta. In addition to English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies, goals cover art, music, health and life skills,…

Curriculum Summary: Grade Three, 2003-2004 = Sommaire des Programmes, 3e annee, 2003-2004.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Learning, Edmonton.

Intended for parents as a companion to the Alberta Curriculum Guides, this summary, in English- and French-language versions, uses an "at a glance" schematic to list the curricular goals for Grade 3 in Alberta. In addition to English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies, goals cover art, music, health and life skills,…

Curriculum Summary: Grade Two, 2003-2004 = Sommaire des Programmes: 2e annee, 2003-2004.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Learning, Edmonton.

Intended for parents as a companion to the Alberta Curriculum Guides, this summary, in English- and French-language versions, uses an "at a glance" schematic to list the curricular goals for Grade 2 in Alberta. In addition to English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies, goals cover art, music, health and life skills,…

Curriculum Summary: Grade Five, 2003-2004 = Sommaire des Programmes: 5e annee, 2003-2004.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Learning, Edmonton.

Intended for parents as a companion to the Alberta Curriculum Guides, this summary, in English- and French-language versions, uses an "at a glance" schematic to list the curricular goals for Grade 5 in Alberta. In addition to English language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies, goals cover art, music, health and life skills, physical…

The effect of the Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level on arsenic exposure in the USA from 2003 to 2014: an analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

PubMed

Nigra, Anne E; Sanchez, Tiffany R; Nachman, Keeve E; Harvey, David; Chillrud, Steven N; Graziano, Joseph H; Navas-Acien, Ana

2017-11-01

The current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic in public water systems (10 µg/L) took effect in 2006. Arsenic is not federally regulated in private wells. The impact of the 2006 MCL on arsenic exposure in the US, as confirmed through biomarkers, is presently unknown. We evaluated national trends in water arsenic exposure in the US, hypothesizing that urinary arsenic levels would decrease over time among participants using public water systems but not among those using well water. We further estimated the expected number of avoided lung, bladder, and skin cancer cases. We evaluated 14,127 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014 with urinary dimethylarsinate (DMA) and total arsenic available. To isolate water exposure, we expanded a residual-based method to remove tobacco and dietary contributions of arsenic. We applied EPA risk assessment approaches to estimate the expected annual number of avoided cancer cases comparing arsenic exposure in 2013-2014 vs. 2003-2004. Among public water users, fully adjusted geometric means (GMs) of DMA decreased from 3.01 µg/L in 2003-2004 to 2.49 µg/L in 2013-2014 (17% reduction; 95% confidence interval 10%, 24%; p-trend<0.01); no change was observed among well water users (p-trend= 0.35). Assuming these estimated exposure reductions will remain similar across a lifetime, we estimate a reduction of 200 to 900 lung and bladder cancer cases per year depending on the approach used. The decline in urinary arsenic among public water but not private well users in NHANES 2003-2014 indicates that the implementation of the current MCL has reduced arsenic exposure in the US population. Our study supports prior work showing that well water users are inadequately protected against drinking water arsenic, and confirms the critical role of federal drinking water regulations in reducing toxic exposures and protecting human health. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1R01ES025216, R01ES021367, 5P30ES009089 and P42ES010349). A. E. Nigra was supported by 5T32ES007322.

Relating the defect band gap and the density functional band gap

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schultz, Peter; Edwards, Arthur

2014-03-01

Density functional theory (DFT) is an important tool to probe the physics of materials. The Kohn-Sham (KS) gap in DFT is typically (much) smaller than the observed band gap for materials in nature, the infamous ``band gap problem.'' Accurate prediction of defect energy levels is often claimed to be a casualty--the band gap defines the energy scale for defect levels. By applying rigorous control of boundary conditions in size-converged supercell calculations, however, we compute defect levels in Si and GaAs with accuracies of ~0.1 eV, across the full gap, unhampered by a band gap problem. Using GaAs as a theoretical laboratory, we show that the defect band gap--the span of computed defect levels--is insensitive to variations in the KS gap (with functional and pseudopotential), these KS gaps ranging from 0.1 to 1.1 eV. The defect gap matches the experimental 1.52 eV gap. The computed defect gaps for several other III-V, II-VI, I-VII, and other compounds also agree with the experimental gap, and show no correlation with the KS gap. Where, then, is the band gap problem? This talk presents these results, discusses why the defect gap and the KS gap are distinct, implying that current understanding of what the ``band gap problem'' means--and how to ``fix'' it--need to be rethought. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

Prostate Cancer Genetics in African Americans

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

tions the ~search is trying to answer, the sWdY is important to .the comn;unity .<Uld. )llC~n State’s Institutional Review Boards ~cailse. men with...for providing a balanced educational experience, the University offers a rigorous academic agenda with a broad range of disciplines, providing... Wii new hospital rehab tool • CU alum. 107. still true blue • Uke http://www.omaha.com/article/20110823/LIVEWELLOinOS239936/1165 Share 8/24

Impulsive force on the head during performance of typical ukemi techniques following different judo throws.

PubMed

Hashimoto, Toshihiko; Ishii, Takanori; Okada, Naoyuki; Itoh, Masahiro

2015-01-01

In this study, eight judo athletes who are major candidates for the Japan national team were recruited as participants. Kinematic analysis of exemplary ukemi techniques was carried out using two throws, o-soto-gari, a throw linked to frequent injury, and o-uchi-gari. The aim of this study was to kinematically quantify the timing patterns of exemplary ukemi techniques and to obtain kinematic information of the head, in a sequence of ukemi from the onset of the throw to the completion of ukemi. The results indicated that the vertical velocity with which the uke's head decelerated was reduced by increasing the body surface exposed to the collision with the tatami and by increasing the elapsed time. In particular, overall upper limb contact with the tatami is greatly associated with deceleration. In o-soto-gari, the impulsive force on the faller's head as the head reached the lowest point was 204.82 ± 19.95 kg m · s(-2) while in o-uchi-gari it was 118.46 ± 63.62 kg m · s(-2), z = -1.75, P = 0.08, and it did present a large-sized effect with r = 0.78. These findings indicate that the exemplary o-soto-gari as compared to o-uchi-gari is the technique that causes more significant damage to the uke's head.

Modeling of Marine Natural Hazards in the Lesser Antilles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zahibo, Narcisse; Nikolkina, Irina; Pelinovsky, Efim

2010-05-01

The Caribbean Sea countries are often affected by various marine natural hazards: hurricanes and cyclones, tsunamis and flooding. The historical data of marine natural hazards for the Lesser Antilles and specially, for Guadeloupe are presented briefly. Numerical simulation of several historical tsunamis in the Caribbean Sea (1755 Lisbon trans-Atlantic tsunami, 1867 Virgin Island earthquake tsunami, 2003 Montserrat volcano tsunami) are performed within the framework of the nonlinear-shallow theory. Numerical results demonstrate the importance of the real bathymetry variability with respect to the direction of propagation of tsunami wave and its characteristics. The prognostic tsunami wave height distribution along the Caribbean Coast is computed using various forms of seismic and hydrodynamics sources. These results are used to estimate the far-field potential for tsunami hazards at coastal locations in the Caribbean Sea. The nonlinear shallow-water theory is also applied to model storm surges induced by tropical cyclones, in particular, cyclones "Lilli" in 2002 and "Dean" in 2007. Obtained results are compared with observed data. The numerical models have been tested against known analytical solutions of the nonlinear shallow-water wave equations. Obtained results are described in details in [1-7]. References [1] N. Zahibo and E. Pelinovsky, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 1, 221 (2001). [2] N. Zahibo, E. Pelinovsky, A. Yalciner, A. Kurkin, A. Koselkov and A. Zaitsev, Oceanologica Acta, 26, 609 (2003). [3] N. Zahibo, E. Pelinovsky, A. Kurkin and A. Kozelkov, Science Tsunami Hazards. 21, 202 (2003). [4] E. Pelinovsky, N. Zahibo, P. Dunkley, M. Edmonds, R. Herd, T. Talipova, A. Kozelkov and I. Nikolkina, Science of Tsunami Hazards, 22, 44 (2004). [5] N. Zahibo, E. Pelinovsky, E. Okal, A. Yalciner, C. Kharif, T. Talipova and A. Kozelkov, Science of Tsunami Hazards, 23, 25 (2005). [6] N. Zahibo, E. Pelinovsky, T. Talipova, A. Rabinovich, A. Kurkin and I. Nikolkina, Atmospheric Research. 84, 13 (2007). [7] Zahibo, N., Pelinovsky, E., Kurkin, A., and Nikolkina, I. Tsunami hazard for the French West Indies, Lesser Antilles. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (Ed. R. KRISHNAMURTHY). Re-search Publ., Singapore, 2008, 517-535.

Geographic Variation of District-Level Gender Achievement Gaps within the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reardon, Sean; Fahle, Erin; Kalogrides, Demetra; Podolsky, Anne; Zarate, Rosalia

2016-01-01

Gender achievement gaps on national and state assessments have been a popular research topic over the last few decades. Many prior studies examine these gaps in different subjects (e.g., mathematics, reading, and science) and grades (typically kindergarten through eighth grade) for students living in various regions (typically states or countries)…

Exploring the Oceans With OOI and IODP: A New Partnership in Education and Outreach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gröschel, H.; Robigou, V.; Whitman, J.; Jagoda, S. K.; Randle, D.

2003-12-01

The Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), a new program supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), will investigate ocean and Earth processes using deep-sea and coastal observatories, as well as a lithospheric plate-scale cabled observatory that spans most of the geological and oceanographic processes of our planet. October 2003 marked the beginning of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), the third phase of a scientific ocean drilling effort known for its international cooperation, multidisciplinary research, and technological innovation. A workshop exploring the scientific, technical, and educational linkages between OOI and IODP was held in July 2003. Four scientific thematic groups discussed and prioritized common goals of the two programs, and identified experiments and technologies needed to achieve these objectives. The Education and Outreach (E&O) group attended the science sessions and presented seed ideas on activities for all participants to discuss and evaluate. A multidisciplinary dialogue between E&O facilitators, research scientists, and technology specialists was initiated. OOI/IODP participants support the recommendation of the IODP Education Workshop (May 2003) that the IODP and US Science Support Program (USSSP)-successor program have clear commitments to education and outreach. Specific organizational recommendations for OOI/IODP are: (1) E&O should have equal status with science and engineering in the OOI management/planning structure, and enjoy adequate staffing at a US program office; (2) an E&O Advisory Committee of scientists, engineers, technology experts, and educators should be established to develop and implement a viable, vibrant E&O plan; (3) E&O staff and advisors should (a) provide assistance to researchers in fulfilling E&O proposal requirements from preparation to review stages, (b) promote submittal of proposals to government agencies specifically for OOI/IODP-related E&O activities, and (c) identify and foster partners, networks, and funding opportunities. Specific E&O strategies include: (1) present observatory science and ocean drilling content, and the sense of discovery and international cooperation unique to OOI/IODP, to a broad audience; (2) develop and maintain an effective website with distinct resources for K-20 educators, students, and the public; (3) provide pre-service, in-service, and in-residence programs for K-12 teachers that are synergistic with national and local education standards; (4) focus K-12 education efforts on middle school students in grades 5-8; (5) continue and expand existing, successful Ocean Drilling Program activities for undergraduate and graduate students and educators; and (6) try to avoid redundancy with existing E&O efforts within the ocean sciences community by adopting successful models and exploring partnership opportunities with other NSF-funded ocean science education centers and initiatives.

Increasing Women's Aspirations and Achievement in Science: The Effect of Role Models on Implicit Cognitions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phelan, Julie E.

2010-01-01

This research investigated the role of implicit science beliefs in the gender gap in science aspirations and achievement, with the goal of testing identification with a female role model as a potential intervention strategy for increasing women's representation in science careers. At Time 1, women's implicit science stereotyping (i.e., associating…

Comparing the impact of the 2003 and 2010 heatwaves on Net Ecosystem Production in Europe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bastos, A. F.; Gouveia, C. M.; Trigo, R. M.

2012-12-01

Climate variability is known to influence primary productivity on land ecosystems (Nemani et al., 2003). In particular, extreme climatic events such as major droughts and heatwaves are known to have severe impact on primary productivity and, therefore, to affect significantly the carbon dioxide uptake by land ecosystems at regional (Ciais et al., 2005) or even global scale (Zhao and Running, 2010). In the last decade, Europe was struck by two outstanding heatwaves, the 2003 event in Western Europe and the recent 2010 episode over Eastern Europe. Both were characterised by record breaking temperatures at the daily, weekly, monthly and seasonal scales, although the amplitude and spatial extent of the 2010 mega-heatwave surpassed the 2003 event (Barriopedro et al., 2011). This work aims to assess the influence of both mega-heatwaves on seasonal and yearly Net Ecosystem Production (NEP). The work relies on monthly NEP data derived from satellite imagery obtained from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensor at 1km spatial resolution. Data were selected for the period between 2000 and 2011 over a region extending from 34.6 oN to 73.5 oN and 12.1 oW to 46.8 oE, covering Eurasia. In 2010 very low NEP anomalies are observed over a very large area in Eastern Europe, at the monthly, seasonal and yearly scale. In western Russia, yearly NEP anomalies fall below 50% of average cumulative NEP. These widespread negative anomalous values of NEP fields over the western Russia region match the patterns of very high temperature values combined with below-average precipitation, at the seasonal (summer) scale. Moreover, the impact of the heatwave is not only evident at the regional level but also at the wider continental (European) scale and is significantly more extensive and intense than the corresponding heatwave of 2003 in Western Europe (Ciais et al., 2005). References: Barriopedro, D., E. M. Fischer, J. Luterbacher, R. M. Trigo, and R. Garcia-Herrera (2011), The hot summer of 2010: Redrawing the temperature record map of Europe, Science, 332 (6026), 220 224, doi:10.1126/science.1201224. Ciais, P., et al. (2005), Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003, Nature, 437 (7058), 529-533. Nemani, R. R., C. D. Keeling, H. Hashimoto, W. M. Jolly, S. C. Piper, C. J. Tucker, R. B. Myneni, and S. W. Running (2003), Climate-driven increases in global terrestrial net primary production from 1982 to 1999, Science, 300 (5625), 156-1563, doi:10.1126/science.1082750. Zhao, M., and S. W. Running (2010), Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009, Science, 329 (5994), 940-943, doi:10.1126/science.1192666.

Multifunctional Materials: Transparent Reactive Armor Utilizing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Frameworks

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-03

with white- light femtosecond pulses. Applied Surface Science 253, 6305-6309 (2007). 22. Komarov, P. L., Burzo, M. G., Kaytaz, G. & Raad , P. E...Microelectronics Journal 34, 1115-1118 (2003). 23. Kulish, V. V., Lage, J. L., Komarov, P. L. & Raad , P. E. A fractional-diffusion theory for

Multifunctional Materials: Transparent Reactive Armor Utilizing Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Frameworks

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-02

Applied Surface Science 253, 6305-6309 (2007). 22. Komarov, P. L., Burzo, M. G., Kaytaz, G. & Raad , P. E. Transient thermo- reflectance...1118 (2003). 23. Kulish, V. V., Lage, J. L., Komarov, P. L. & Raad , P. E. A fractional-diffusion theory for calculating thermal properties of thin

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit works with the InSpace experiments in the MSG in the U.S. Lab

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-04-01

ISS006-E-41733 (1 April 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, works with the InSpace (Investigating the Structure of Paramagnetic Aggregates from Colloidal Emulsions) experiment in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Evaluation of Magnetostrictive Shunt Damper Performance Using Iron (Fe)-Gallium (Ga) Alloy

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

Technol. 2003, 11 (4), 482– 494 3. Manning, K. V.; Watanabe, K.; Drake, A. E.; Wright, A. Eddy Current. in AccessScience , ©McGraw-Hill Education...2012, http://www.accessscience.com. 4. Manning, K. V. Lenz’s Law in AccessScience , ©McGraw-Hill Education, 2012, http://www.accessscience.com 5

Dynamic response functions, helical gaps, and fractional charges in quantum wires

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Tobias; Pedder, Christopher J.; Tiwari, Rakesh P.; Schmidt, Thomas L.

We show how experimentally accessible dynamic response functions can discriminate between helical gaps due to magnetic field, and helical gaps driven by electron-electron interactions (''umklapp gaps''). The latter are interesting since they feature gapped quasiparticles of fractional charge e / 2 , and - when coupled to a standard superconductor - an 8 π-Josephson effect and topological zero energy states bound to interfaces. National Research Fund, Luxembourg (ATTRACT 7556175), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GRK 1621 and SFB 1143), Swiss National Science Foundation.

A conceptual framework for understanding the perspectives on the causes of the science-practice gap in ecology and conservation.

PubMed

Bertuol-Garcia, Diana; Morsello, Carla; N El-Hani, Charbel; Pardini, Renata

2018-05-01

Applying scientific knowledge to confront societal challenges is a difficult task, an issue known as the science-practice gap. In Ecology and Conservation, scientific evidence has been seldom used directly to support decision-making, despite calls for an increasing role of ecological science in developing solutions for a sustainable future. To date, multiple causes of the science-practice gap and diverse approaches to link science and practice in Ecology and Conservation have been proposed. To foster a transparent debate and broaden our understanding of the difficulties of using scientific knowledge, we reviewed the perceived causes of the science-practice gap, aiming to: (i) identify the perspectives of ecologists and conservation scientists on this problem, (ii) evaluate the predominance of these perspectives over time and across journals, and (iii) assess them in light of disciplines studying the role of science in decision-making. We based our review on 1563 sentences describing causes of the science-practice gap extracted from 122 articles and on discussions with eight scientists on how to classify these sentences. The resulting process-based framework describes three distinct perspectives on the relevant processes, knowledge and actors in the science-practice interface. The most common perspective assumes only scientific knowledge should support practice, perceiving a one-way knowledge flow from science to practice and recognizing flaws in knowledge generation, communication, and/or use. The second assumes that both scientists and decision-makers should contribute to support practice, perceiving a two-way knowledge flow between science and practice through joint knowledge-production/integration processes, which, for several reasons, are perceived to occur infrequently. The last perspective was very rare, and assumes scientists should put their results into practice, but they rarely do. Some causes (e.g. cultural differences between scientists and decision-makers) are shared with other disciplines, while others seem specific to Ecology and Conservation (e.g. inadequate research scales). All identified causes require one of three general types of solutions, depending on whether the causal factor can (e.g. inadequate research questions) or cannot (e.g. scientific uncertainty) be changed, or if misconceptions (e.g. undervaluing abstract knowledge) should be solved. The unchanged predominance of the one-way perspective over time may be associated with the prestige of evidence-based conservation and suggests that debates in Ecology and Conservation lag behind trends in other disciplines towards bidirectional views ascribing larger roles to decision-makers. In turn, the two-way perspective seems primarily restricted to research traditions historically isolated from mainstream conservation biology. All perspectives represented superficial views of decision-making by not accounting for limits to human rationality, complexity of decision-making contexts, fuzzy science-practice boundaries, ambiguity brought about by science, and different types of knowledge use. However, joint knowledge-production processes from the two-way perspective can potentially allow for democratic decision-making processes, explicit discussions of values and multiple types of science use. To broaden our understanding of the interface and foster productive science-practice linkages, we argue for dialogue among different research traditions within Ecology and Conservation, joint knowledge-production processes between scientists and decision-makers and interdisciplinarity across Ecology, Conservation and Political Science in both research and education. © 2017 Cambridge Philosophical Society.

Similarities and Differences between the Termination Foreshock/ Bow Shock and Planetary Bow Shocks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krimigis, S. M.; Decker, R. B.; Roelof, E. C.; Hill, M. E.

2006-05-01

It is now evident that Voyager 1 (V1) entered the termination foreshock (TFS) at ~~85 AU in mid-2002, exited this region in early 2003 and re-entered in the late 2003-early 2004 time frame, before finally crossing the termination shock (TS) at ~~94 AU on December 16, 2004. The TFS region is characterized by large intensities of tangentially outward-moving beams of energetic ions E > 40 keV, and generally isotropic electron intensity increases E > 350 keV (Krimigis et al, 2003; Decker et al, 2005). Elevated magnetic field intensities were observed throughout these periods (Burlaga et al, 2003, 2005) and comparison with particle pressures showed this region to be a high-beta plasma (Krimigis et al, 2004, 2005). Proximity of the TS was also evident from occasional electron plasma oscillations seen as early as 91 AU (Gurnett and Kurth, 2005). In this paper we examine the extent to which the TFS and TS exhibit properties seen in planetary bow shocks using data from Voyager?s flyby of the outer planets and Cassini data in the vicinity of Saturn. Magnetic field distributions in these high-beta regions appear to be Gaussian. A possible source for the TSF particles is the supertherma1 population residing in the heliosheath, similar to upstream ions observed leaking from planetary magnetospheres. Krimigis, S.M. et al, Nature, 426, pg 45-48, 2003. Decker, R. B. et al, Science, 309, 2020- 2024, 2005. Burlaga et al, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, NO. 20, 2072, doi:10.1029/2003GL018291, 2003. Burlaga, L. F, et al, Science, 309, 2027-2029, 2005 Krimigis S. M., et al, V. Florinski, N. V. Pogorelov, and G. P. Zank (eds) CP719, American Institute of Physics, 0-7354-0199-3/04, 133-138, 2004. Krimigis, S. M., et al, Proceedings of the Solar Wind 11 / SOHO 16 Conference,12-17 June 2005, Whistler, Canada, , B. Fleck & T.H. Zurbuchen (eds), (ESA SP-592, September 2005) Gurnett, D. A., and W. S. Kurth, Science, 309, 2025- 2027, 2005

Small-Gap Flows

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-04-01

I TV N 4 NAVAL ARCIETUR & OFFSHORE ENGINEERING SMALL- GAP FLOWSti E 0.TUCK01 REPORT NO- M!AOL 34-1 CONTRACT NJU1-𔃾-K-0026 APRIL 1984 let.? UNIVERSMn...34’OF CALIFORNIA# BERKELEY, CA 5.1720 ft (45 642-141 SMALL- GAP FLOWS BY E. 0. TUCK REPORT No. NAUE 84-1 CONTRACT N00014-84-K-OU26 APRIL i984...34small- gap " theme.Chapters 1-4 were originally presented in the form of a lecture series in the Department of Naval Architecture and Offshore

Soyuz TMA-3 and booster rocket transport and raise on launch pad at Baikonur Cosmodrome

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-15

JSC2003-E-59146 (16 October 2003) --- The Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft and its booster rocket were transported on a rail car to its launch pad and raised to its vertical launch position at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on October 16, 2003, in preparation for liftoff October 18 to carry astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer; cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri, Soyuz commander and flight engineer, representing Rosaviakosmos; and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain to the International Space Station (ISS). Photo Credit: "NASA/Bill Ingalls"

Soyuz TMA-3 and booster rocket transport and raise on launch pad at Baikonur Cosmodrome

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-15

JSC2003-E-59150 (16 October 2003) --- The Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft and its booster rocket were transported on a rail car to its launch pad and raised to its vertical launch position at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on October 16, 2003, in preparation for liftoff October 18 to carry astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer; cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri, Soyuz commander and flight engineer, representing Rosaviakosmos; and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain to the International Space Station (ISS). Photo Credit: "NASA/Bill Ingalls"

Soyuz TMA-3 and booster rocket transport and raise on launch pad at Baikonur Cosmodrome

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-15

JSC2003-E-59158 (16 October 2003) --- The Soyuz TMA-3 spacecraft and its booster rocket were transported on a rail car to its launch pad and raised to its vertical launch position at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on October 16, 2003, in preparation for liftoff October 18 to carry astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer; cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri, Soyuz commander and flight engineer, representing Rosaviakosmos; and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain to the International Space Station (ISS). Photo Credit: "NASA/Bill Ingalls"

BFCR during Expedition 6 space walk on ISS

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-15

JSC2003-E-02167 (15 January 2003) --- Astronaut Stanley G. Love, spacecraft communicator (CAPCOM), monitors data at his console in the station flight control room (BFCR) in Houston’s Mission Control Center (MCC). At the time this photo was taken, astronauts Kenneth D. Bowersox and Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, respectively, were participating in the mission’s only scheduled session of extravehicular activity (EVA).

Sources of information influencing the state-of-the-science gap in hormone replacement therapy usage.

PubMed

Chew, Fiona; Wu, Xianwei

2017-01-01

Medical reviews and research comprise a key information source for news media stories on medical therapies and innovations as well as for physicians in updating their practice. The present study examined medical review journal articles, physician surveys and news media coverage of hormone replacement therapy (HT) to assess the relationship between the three information sources and whether/if they contributed to a state-of-the-science gap (a condition when the evaluation of a medical condition or therapy ascertained by the highest standards of investigation is incongruent with the science-in-practice such as physician recommendations and patient actions). We content-analyzed 177 randomly sampled HT medical reviews between 2002 and 2014, and HT news valence in three major TV networks, newspapers and magazines/internet sites in 2002-2003, 2008-2009 and 2012-14. The focus in both analyses was whether HT benefits outweighed risks, risks outweighed benefits or both risks and benefits were presented. We also qualitatively content-analyzed all 19 surveys of US physicians' HT recommendations from 2002 to 2009, and 2012 to 2014. Medical reviews yielded a mixed picture about HT (40.1% benefits, 26.0% risks, and 33.9% both benefits and risks). While a majority of physician surveys were pro-HT 10/19), eight showed varied attitudes and one was negative. Newspaper and television coverage reflected a pro and con balance while magazine stories were more positive in the later reporting period. Medical journal review articles, physicians, and media reports all provide varying view points towards hormone therapy use thus leading to limited knowledge about the actual risks and benefits of HT among peri- and menopausal women and a state-of-the-science gap.

Sources of information influencing the state-of-the-science gap in hormone replacement therapy usage

PubMed Central

Wu, Xianwei

2017-01-01

Objective Medical reviews and research comprise a key information source for news media stories on medical therapies and innovations as well as for physicians in updating their practice. The present study examined medical review journal articles, physician surveys and news media coverage of hormone replacement therapy (HT) to assess the relationship between the three information sources and whether/if they contributed to a state-of-the-science gap (a condition when the evaluation of a medical condition or therapy ascertained by the highest standards of investigation is incongruent with the science-in-practice such as physician recommendations and patient actions). Methods We content-analyzed 177 randomly sampled HT medical reviews between 2002 and 2014, and HT news valence in three major TV networks, newspapers and magazines/internet sites in 2002–2003, 2008–2009 and 2012–14. The focus in both analyses was whether HT benefits outweighed risks, risks outweighed benefits or both risks and benefits were presented. We also qualitatively content-analyzed all 19 surveys of US physicians’ HT recommendations from 2002 to 2009, and 2012 to 2014. Results Medical reviews yielded a mixed picture about HT (40.1% benefits, 26.0% risks, and 33.9% both benefits and risks). While a majority of physician surveys were pro-HT 10/19), eight showed varied attitudes and one was negative. Newspaper and television coverage reflected a pro and con balance while magazine stories were more positive in the later reporting period. Conclusion Medical journal review articles, physicians, and media reports all provide varying view points towards hormone therapy use thus leading to limited knowledge about the actual risks and benefits of HT among peri- and menopausal women and a state-of-the-science gap. PMID:28158240

Lu plays with a droplet of liquid

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-25

ISS007-E-17985 (2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, watches a water bubble float between him and the camera, showing his image refracted, on the International Space Station (ISS).

Earth observations taken by the Expedition Seven crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-08-24

ISS007-E-13397 (24 August 2003) --- This view of Ithaca, New York was taken by one of the Expedition 7 crewmembers onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Ithaca is the home of Cornell University, where astronaut Edward T. Lu, NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, received a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering and the Cornell University Presidential Scholar award.

Are Giant Planet Satellites Mini-solar Systems?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mosqueira, I.; Estrada, P. R.

2003-12-01

The regular satellites of Jupiter and Saturn exhibit a number of characteristics strongly suggestive of formation in a thin (aspect ratio H/r ˜ 0.1) circumplanetary gas disk (Mosqueira and Estrada 2003a). Also, the mass ratio of the largest satellites to the primary μ ˜ 10-4 lead one to think of these satellite systems as scaled-down solar systems. Yet, the larger mass ratio for the giant planets to the primary μ ˜ 10-3 appears to limit the usefulness of the planet-satellite analogy. If gap-opening determines the final size of at least Jupiter (Lin and Papaloizou 1993), then significantly smaller objects would be unable to truncate the disk. There are, however, at least two significant difficulties with this point of view. First, the non-linear or thermal gap-opening criterion (Lin and Papaloizou 1993) does not yield a Jupiter mass. Second, the migration timescale due to planet-disk interactions (Ward 1997) is too fast for the formation of giant planets through the core accretion process (Pollack et. al 1996) despite recent work which has lengthened it by up to an order of magnitude (Tanaka et al. 2002, D'Angelo et al. 2002, Bate et al. 2003). An alternative viewpoint has accretion taking place in a weakly turbulent disk, and the survival of both planets and satellites a direct consequence of gap-opening. In this view at least the largest satellites (Mosqueira and Estrada 2003b) and planetary cores ( ˜ 10 M⊕ ; Rafikov 2002) were able to open gaps in the disk. However, because the waves launched by such pertubers do not become non-linear immediately, the gap begins to form a distance away from the perturber given by the shocking length of acoustic waves (Goodman and Rafikov 2001; Rafikov 2002). Estrada and Mosqueira (2003) have suggested that the annulus of material adjacent to the proto-planet that immediately precedes the runaway gas accretion phase (Pollack et al. 1996) can be used to provide the mass needed to lead to the formation of a giant planet. If so, the dilemma posed by Type I migration (Ward 1997) is mitigated, and the analogy between satellites and planets gains currency. It is possible to argue that an alternative solution to this issue may involve lowering the migration rate even further, but one should keep in mind that slower migration might allow even smaller objects to open gaps. Here we look into the issues raised by this annulus of material in the satellite context, and argue that it may not prevent satellite survival. This work was supported by a NASA PGG grant and the NRC.

Multidimensional MHD Simulations of Shock Formation in Plasmas

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-31

hypersonic flows around blunt bodies. Since the start of our work we have included the study of dielectric barrier discharges ( DBD ) for their possible...Condx2003Art 1 • 1.94E*01 B l.7flE+01 tsg i«26+oi C3 1.456*01 HS i 29E«01 Mi i itKtOI H 9./rjctoo • a « fe *oo • S.4B£*00 • < »5E-*00...4: Streamlines and temperature field in 3D flow around a symmetrical blunt body Accomplishments in DBD plasma actuators Starting with the Las Vegas

Proceedings 5th International Conference on Optics of Surfaces and Interfaces (OSI-V), Léon, México 26-30 May 2003: physica status solidi (c) - conferences and critical reviews

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mendoza, Bernardo S.

2003-05-01

physica status solidi (c) conferences and critical reviews publishes conference proceedings, ranging from large international meetings to specialized topical workshops as well as collections of topical reviews on various areas of current solid state physics research. The objective of "Optics of Surfaces and Interfaces" (OSI-V) is to bridge the gap between basic and applied science. Apart from recent advances in theoretical modeling and experimental research, special attention is given to novel techniques of optical spectroscopy at interfaces.

Toward Affordable Systems: Portfolio Analysis and Management for Army Science and Technology Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR (S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Rand...Decision Authority MDAP major defense acquisition program Abbreviations xxvii MIC marginal implementation cost MOMC marginal operating and...the Milestone Decision Authority (MDA).1 1 This section is based on U.S. Army, 2003, pp. 30–33. This 2003 Army document had taken into account the

The Acquisition of Scientific Knowledge via Critical Thinking: A Philosophical Approach to Science Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Talavera, Isidoro

2016-01-01

There is a gap between the facts learned in a science course and the higher-cognitive skills of analysis and evaluation necessary for students to secure scientific knowledge and scientific habits of mind. Teaching science is not just about how we do science (i.e., focusing on just "accumulating undigested facts and scientific definitions and…

Comparing the impact of the 2003 and 2010 heatwaves on Net Primary Production in Europe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bastos, Ana; Gouveia, Célia M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Running, Steve W.

2013-04-01

Climate variability is known to influence primary productivity on land ecosystems (Nemani et al., 2003). In particular, extreme climatic events such as major droughts and heatwaves are known to have severe impact on primary productivity and, therefore, to affect significantly the carbon dioxide uptake by land ecosystems at regional (Ciais et al., 2005) or even global scale (Zhao and Running, 2010). In the last decade, Europe was struck by two outstanding heatwaves, the 2003 event in Western Europe and the recent 2010 episode over Eastern Europe. Both were characterised by record breaking temperatures at the daily, weekly, monthly and seasonal scales, although the amplitude and spatial extent of the 2010 mega-heatwave surpassed the 2003 event (Barriopedro et al., 2011). This work aims to assess the influence of both mega-heatwaves on yearly Net Primary Production (NPP) and seasonal Net Photosynthesis (NP), which corresponds to the difference between Gross Primary Production and maintenance respiration. The work relies on yearly NPP and monthly NP data derived from satellite imagery obtained from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensor at 1km spatial resolution. Data were selected for the period between 2000 and 2011 over a region extending from 34.6N to 73.5N and 12.1W to 46.8E, covering Eurasia. In 2010 very low primary production anomalies are observed over a very large area in Eastern Europe, at the monthly, seasonal and yearly scale. In western Russia, yearly NPP anomalies fall below 50% of average. These widespread negative anomalous values of NP fields over the western Russia region match the patterns of very high temperature values combined with below-average precipitation, at the seasonal (summer) scale. Moreover, the impact of the heatwave is not only evident at the regional level but also at the wider continental (European) scale and is significantly more extensive and intense than the corresponding heatwave of 2003 in Western Europe (Ciais et al., 2005). References Barriopedro, D., E. M. Fischer, J. Luterbacher, R. M. Trigo, and R. Garcia-Herrera (2011), The hot summer of 2010: Redrawing the temperature record map of Europe, Science, 332 (6026), 220224, doi:10.1126/science.1201224. Ciais, P., et al. (2005), Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003, Nature, 437 (7058), 529-533. Nemani, R. R., C. D. Keeling, H. Hashimoto, W. M. Jolly, S. C. Piper, C. J. Tucker, R. B. Myneni, and S. W. Running (2003), Climate-driven increases in global terrestrial net primary production from 1982 to 1999, Science, 300 (5625), 156-1563, doi:10.1126/science.1082750. Zhao, M., and S. W. Running (2010), Drought-induced reduction in global terrestrial net primary production from 2000 through 2009, Science, 329 (5994), 940-943, doi:10.1126/science.1192666.

Pettit works at the HRF workstation in Destiny during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-02

ISS006-E-13995 (2 January 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, performs the Human Research Facility (HRF) Ultrasound functional checkout in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

The impact of September 11 on dreaming.

PubMed

Bulkeley, Kelly; Kahan, Tracey L

2008-12-01

This study focuses on a set of dreams related to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and their aftermath, using content analysis and cognitive psychology to explore the interweaving of external public catastrophe and internal psychological processes. The study tests several recent claims in contemporary dream research, including the central image theory of Hartmann [Hartmann, E., & Basile, R. (2003). Dream imagery becomes more intense after 9/11/01. Dreaming, 13(2), 61-66; Hartmann, E., & Brezler, T. (2008). A systematic change in dreams after 9/11/01. Sleep, 31(2), 213-218], the media exposure factor postulated by Propper [Propper, R. E., Stickgold, R., Keeley, R., & Christman, S. D. (2007). Is television traumatic? Dreams, stress, and media exposure in the aftermath of September 11, 2001. Psychological Science, 18(4), 334-340], the continuity hypothesis of Domhoff [Domhoff, W. G. (1996). Finding meaning in dreams: A quantitative approach. New York: Plenum], the cognitive and metacognitive approach of Kahan [Kahan, T. L. (2001). Consciousness in dreaming: A metacognitive approach. In K. Bulkeley (Ed.), Dreams: A reader on the religious, cultural, and psychological dimensions of dreaming (pp. 333-360). New York: Palgrave], and the threat simulation theory of Revonsuo [Revonsuo, A. (2000). The reinterpretation of dreams: An evolutionary hypothesis of the function of dreaming. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23(6), 877-901]. Our findings suggest the terrorist attacks had a tangible impact on the content of many people's dreams, but did not fundamentally alter the cognitive processing features of their dreaming. The 9/11 attacks affected what they dreamed about, but not the way they dreamed.

NewsMars: Express journey to Mars ASE 2003: Knocked out by meteorites Events: Sun-Earth Day ASE 2003: Fun Physics - popular as ever Appointments: Sykes to bring science to the people UK Science Education: The future's bright, the future's science ASE 2003: A grand finale for Catherine Teaching Resources: UK goes to the planets Cambridge Physics Update: Basement physics Conferences: Earth Science Teachers' Association Conference 2003 New Website: JESEI sets sail GIREP: Teacher education seminar Malaysia: Rewards for curriculum change Cambridge Physics Update: My boomerang will come back! Teaching Resources: Widening particiption through ideas and evidence with the University of Surrey Wales: First Ffiseg Events: Nuna: Solar car on tour Physics on Stage: Physics on Stage 3 embraces life Symposium: In what sense a nuclear 'debate'? Gifted and Talented: Able pupils experiencing challenging science Australia: ISS flies high Down Under

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2003-03-01

Mars: Express journey to Mars ASE 2003: Knocked out by meteorites Events: Sun-Earth Day ASE 2003: Fun Physics - popular as ever Appointments: Sykes to bring science to the people UK Science Education: The future's bright, the future's science ASE 2003: A grand finale for Catherine Teaching Resources: UK goes to the planets Cambridge Physics Update: Basement physics Conferences: Earth Science Teachers' Association Conference 2003 New Website: JESEI sets sail GIREP: Teacher education seminar Malaysia: Rewards for curriculum change Cambridge Physics Update: My boomerang will come back! Teaching Resources: Widening particiption through ideas and evidence with the University of Surrey Wales: First Ffiseg Events: Nuna: Solar car on tour Physics on Stage: Physics on Stage 3 embraces life Symposium: In what sense a nuclear 'debate'? Gifted and Talented: Able pupils experiencing challenging science Australia: ISS flies high Down Under

Ten Years' Experience with an E-Learning Lecture Series on Cancer Biology and Pharmacology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Efferth, Thomas

2013-01-01

In life sciences, the internet is an indispensable medium for research, but has not yet realized its full potential for teaching. The concept of e-learning has been developed over the past decades for undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate programs. We set up an e-learning lecture on cancer biology and pharmacology that was first offered in 2003…

E-Science and Astronomy Faculty: Past, Present, and Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pedersen, L. A.

2010-10-01

In 2003, the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) began to recognize the implications of large-scale science and distributed networks on 21st century libraries and librarianship. Its members became very aware of e-science. The National Science Foundation (NSF) had already studied developing a major focus on cyberinfrastructure. This was stimulated by the awareness of the oncoming data deluge that started with astronomical research. This paper gives an overview of the history in the United States behind the NSF and ARL push among their constituents regarding each organization's e-science concepts and goals. In the present, it describes a brief case study involving the expectations of the astronomy/astrophysics faculty at Brown University. The future role of the astronomy librarian for his/her faculty at an academic institution greatly depends on mandates, policies, and the librarian's skills of archiving and providing access.

Soil Column Evaluation of Factors Controlling Biodegradation of DNT in the Vadose Zone

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-01-01

Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 3382-3391 3382 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 10.1021/es021066s CCC: $25.00  2003 American...American Society of Agronomy: Madison, WI, 1986; pp 363-375. c EPA 600/2-78-054. VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 9 3383...initial concentration of 2,4-DNT was 5 mM 3384 9 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / VOL. 37, NO. 15, 2003 To ensure accurate quantification of

Science Directorate Publications and Presentations, January 1 - December 31, 2003

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Summers, F. G. (Compiler)

2004-01-01

This Technical Memorandum (TM) lists the significant publications and presentations of the Science Directorate during the period January 1 - December 31, 2003. Entries in the main part of the TM are categorized according to NASA Reports (arranged by report number), Open Literature and Presentations (arranged alphabetically by title). Most of the articles listed under Open Literature have appeared in refereed professional journals, books, monographs, or conference proceedings. Although many published abstracts are eventually expanded into full papers for publication in scientific and technical journals, they are often sufficiently comprehensive to include the significant results of the research reported. Therefore, published abstracts are listed separately in a subsection under Open Literature. Questions or requests for additional information about the entries in this TM should be directed to Dr. A.F. Whitaker (SD01; 544-2481) or to one of the authors.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None, None

The Second SIAM Conference on Computational Science and Engineering was held in San Diego from February 10-12, 2003. Total conference attendance was 553. This is a 23% increase in attendance over the first conference. The focus of this conference was to draw attention to the tremendous range of major computational efforts on large problems in science and engineering, to promote the interdisciplinary culture required to meet these large-scale challenges, and to encourage the training of the next generation of computational scientists. Computational Science & Engineering (CS&E) is now widely accepted, along with theory and experiment, as a crucial third modemore » of scientific investigation and engineering design. Aerospace, automotive, biological, chemical, semiconductor, and other industrial sectors now rely on simulation for technical decision support. For federal agencies also, CS&E has become an essential support for decisions on resources, transportation, and defense. CS&E is, by nature, interdisciplinary. It grows out of physical applications and it depends on computer architecture, but at its heart are powerful numerical algorithms and sophisticated computer science techniques. From an applied mathematics perspective, much of CS&E has involved analysis, but the future surely includes optimization and design, especially in the presence of uncertainty. Another mathematical frontier is the assimilation of very large data sets through such techniques as adaptive multi-resolution, automated feature search, and low-dimensional parameterization. The themes of the 2003 conference included, but were not limited to: Advanced Discretization Methods; Computational Biology and Bioinformatics; Computational Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Computational Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Computational Electromagnetics; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Computational Medicine and Bioengineering; Computational Physics and Astrophysics; Computational Solid Mechanics and Materials; CS&E Education; Meshing and Adaptivity; Multiscale and Multiphysics Problems; Numerical Algorithms for CS&E; Discrete and Combinatorial Algorithms for CS&E; Inverse Problems; Optimal Design, Optimal Control, and Inverse Problems; Parallel and Distributed Computing; Problem-Solving Environments; Software and Wddleware Systems; Uncertainty Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis; and Visualization and Computer Graphics.« less

Pathways to Science and Engineering Bachelor's Degrees for Men and Women.

PubMed

Legewie, Joscha; DiPrete, Thomas A

2014-02-18

Despite the striking reversal of the gender gap in educational attainment and the near-gender parity in math performance, women pursue science and engineering (S/E) degrees at much lower rates than their male peers do. Current efforts to increase the number of women in these fields focus on different life-course periods but lack a clear understanding of the importance of these periods and how orientations toward S/E fields develop over time. In this article, we examine the gendered pathways to a S/E bachelor's degree from middle school to high school and college based on a representative sample from the 1973 to 1974 birth cohort. Using a counterfactual decomposition analysis, we determine the relative importance of these different life-course periods and thereby inform the direction of future research and policy. Our findings confirm previous research that highlights the importance of early encouragement for gender differences in S/E degrees, but our findings also attest to the high school years as a decisive period for the gender gap, while challenging the focus on college in research and policy. Indeed, if female high school seniors had the same orientation toward and preparation for S/E fields as their male peers, the gender gap in S/E degrees would be closed by as much as 82 percent.

Biological Sensors Using DNA Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-01

BIOLOGICAL SENSORS USING DNA FUNCTIONALIZED MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES S. Ganguly, A. Leela Mohana Reddy and S. Ramaprabhu Alternative...Braun, E. Science 2003, 302, 1380. 9. Leela Mohana Reddy, A.; Shaijumon, M. M.; Ramaprabhu, S. Nanotechnology 2006, 17, 5299. 10. Kovtyukhova, N

Lu plays music with a keyboard in the Destiny module

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-26

ISS007-E-18033 (26 October 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, plays a musical keyboard during off-shift time in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Teachers and the Gender Gaps in Student Achievement. NBER Working Paper No. 11660

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dee, Thomas S.

2005-01-01

In the United States, girls outperform boys in measures of reading achievement while generally underperforming in science and mathematics. One major class of explanations for these gaps involves the gender-based interactions between students and teachers (e.g., role-model and Pygmalion effects). However, the evidence on whether these interactions…

48 CFR 852.273-74 - Award without exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Award without exchanges... Award without exchanges. As prescribed in 873.110(e), insert the following provision: Award Without Exchanges (JAN 2003) The Government intends to evaluate proposals and award a contract without exchanges...

Ultra Fast, High Rep Rate, High Voltage Spark Gap Pulser

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-07-01

current rise time. The spark gap was designed to have a coaxial geometry reducing its inductance. Provisions were made to pass flowing gas between the...ULTRA FAST, HIGH REP RATE, HIGH VOLTAGE SPARK GAP PULSER Robert A. Pastore Jr., Lawrence E. Kingsley, Kevin Fonda, Erik Lenzing Electrophysics and...Modeling Branch AMSRL-PS-EA Tel.: (908)-532-0271 FAX: (908)-542-3348 U.S. Army Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Directorate Ft. Monmouth

Increasing women's aspirations and achievement in science: The effect of role models on implicit cognitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Phelan, Julie E.

This research investigated the role of implicit science beliefs in the gender gap in science aspirations and achievement, with the goal of testing identification with a female role model as a potential intervention strategy for increasing women's representation in science careers. At Time 1, women's implicit science stereotyping (i.e., associating men more than women with science) was linked to more negative (implicit and explicit) attitudes towards science and less identification with science. For men, stereotypes were either non-significantly or positively related to science attitudes and identification. Time 2 examined the influence of implicit and explicit science cognitions on students' science aspirations and achievement, and found that implicit stereotyping, attitudes, and identification were all unique predictors of science aspirations, but not achievement. Of more importance, Time 2 examined the influence of science role models, and found that identification with a role model of either gender reduced women's implicit science stereotyping and increased their positive attitudes toward science. Implications for decreasing the gender gap in advanced science achievement are discussed.

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit exercises on the TVIS in the SM during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-20

ISS006-E-45265 (20 March 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition 6 NASA ISS science officer, exercises on the Treadmill Vibration Isolation System (TVIS) in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS).

Duque works at the MSG for PromISS 2 in the Lab during Expedition Seven / 8 OPS

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-27

ISS008-E-05009 (27 October 2003) --- European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain works with the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

[Comparison on agronomy and quality characters and breeding of new strains of Erigeron breviscapus].

PubMed

Yang, Shengchao; Yang, Jianwen; Pan, Yinghua; Li, Guoxing; Liu, Binghua; Zhang, Qiong; Wen, Guosong; Wang, Pingli

2010-03-01

To explore breeding method and breed new varieties of Erigeron breviscapus. Superior individual were selected from natural outcrossing population of E. breviscapus, lines and strains were established and selected and compared. The scutellarin contents of two E. breviscapus strains of 2003-15 and 2003-6 through line breeding were 3.21% and 3.01%, respectively, and increased 15.77% and 23.46% comparing with the control strain (QS-1), respectively, the yield increased 20.37% and 17.59%, scutellarin yield per hectare enhanced 39.31% and 44.82%. New varieties of E. breviscapus can be bred through lines breeding.

The Quality of Pre-Service Science Teachers' Argumentation: Influence of Content Knowledge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cetin, Pinar Seda; Dogan, Nihal; Kutluca, Ali Yigit

2014-01-01

Research exploring the possible link between quality of argumentation and content knowledge is not straightforward. Some studies suggest a positive relationship (e.g. Dawson & Schibeci in "J Biol Educ" 38(1):7-12, 2003) while others do not (e.g. Zohar & Nemet in "J Res Sci Teach" 39:35-62, 2002). This study examined the…

Alien or Alike? How the Perceived Similarity between the Typical Science Teacher and a Student's Self-Image Correlates with Choosing Science at School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kessels, Ursula; Taconis, Ruurd

2012-01-01

By applying the self-to-prototype matching theory to students' academic choices, this study links the unpopularity of science in many industrialized countries with the perceived gap between typical persons representing science (e.g. physics teachers) on the one hand and students' self-image on the other. A sample of N = 308 Dutch and German…

Increasing the number of feminist scientists: why feminist aims are not served by the Underdetermination Thesis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Intemann, Kristen

2008-11-01

Recent feminist philosophers of science have argued that feminist values can contribute to rational decisions about which scientific theories to accept. On this view, increasing the number of feminist scientists is important for ensuring rational and objective theory acceptance. The Underdetermination Thesis has played a key role in arguments for this view [Anderson (1995) Hypatia 10(3), 50 84; Hankinson Nelson (1990) Who knows? From Quine to a feminist empiricism. Temple University Press, Philadelphia; Longino (1990) Science as social knowledge. Princeton University Press, Princeton; Longino (2002) The fate of knowledge. Princeton University Press, Princeton; Kourany (2003) Philosophy of Science 70, 1 14]. This thesis is alleged to open an argumentative “gap” between evidence and theory acceptance and provide a rationale for filling the gap with feminist values. While I agree with the conclusion that feminist values can contribute to rational decisions about which theories to accept, I argue that the Underdetermination Thesis cannot support this claim. First, using earlier arguments [Laudan (1990) in: R. Giere (ed) Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, vol 14, pp 267 297; Slezak (1991) International Studies in Philosophy of Science 5, 241 256; Pinnick (1994) Philosophy of Science 61, 664 657] I show that Underdetermination cannot, by itself, establish that feminist values should fill the gap in theory acceptance. Secondly, I argue that the very use of the Underdetermination Thesis concedes that feminist values are extra-scientific, a-rational, factors in theory acceptance. This concession denies feminists grounds to explain why their values contribute to rational scientific reasoning. Finally, I propose two alternative ways to explain how feminist values can contribute to rational theory acceptance that do not rely on Underdetermination.

77 FR 20820 - Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-06

... these audiences will allow AHRQ to detect gaps in the HAI science base and identify opportunities for.... Other project leaders have advanced degrees in the social sciences (e.g., gerontology) or epidemiology... and Quality, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice announces the intention of the Agency for...

View of stars taken during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-23

ISS006-E-40545 (March 2003) --- The bowl and a portion of the “handle” stars of the Big Dipper are visible in this photograph taken by astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, on board the International Space Station (ISS).

Lu and Kaleri in Node 1/Unity module

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-26

ISS007-E-18035 (26 October 2003) --- Cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri (left), Expedition 8 flight engineer, and astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, hold tools in the Unity node on the International Space Station (ISS). Kaleri represents Rosaviakosmos.

Pettit completes WRM and CWC functions in the U.S. Laboratory during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-22

ISS006-E-20823 (22 January 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, completes a Water Resource Management (WRM) and Contingency Water Container (CWC) function in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

75 FR 61779 - R.E. Ginna Nuclear Power Plant, LLC; R.E. Ginna Nuclear Power Plant Environmental Assessment and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-06

... 2003-18, Supplement 2, ``Use of Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) 99-01, Methodology for Development of... radiological emergency. Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action The NRC has completed its environmental... environmental impacts are [[Page 61780

Strategic Communication Science and Technology Plan: Current Activities, Capability Gaps and Areas for Further Investment

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-01

STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION  SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY  PLAN  C A   URRENT ACTIVITIES, CAPABILITY  GAPS   ND  AREAS  FOR FURTHER INVESTMENT  April 2009... Gaps and Areas for Further Investment 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK...Empowering the interagency process 17 3. Equipping for an information- based future 18 4. Facilitating audience activities 19 AREAS

0.5-keV Soft X-ray attosecond continua

PubMed Central

Teichmann, S. M.; Silva, F.; Cousin, S. L.; Hemmer, M.; Biegert, J.

2016-01-01

Attosecond light pulses in the extreme ultraviolet have drawn a great deal of attention due to their ability to interrogate electronic dynamics in real time. Nevertheless, to follow charge dynamics and excitations in materials, element selectivity is a prerequisite, which demands such pulses in the soft X-ray region, above 200 eV, to simultaneously cover several fundamental absorption edges of the constituents of the materials. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the exploitation of a transient phase matching regime to generate carrier envelope controlled soft X-ray supercontinua with pulse energies up to 2.9±0.1 pJ and a flux of (7.3±0.1) × 107 photons per second across the entire water window and attosecond pulses with 13 as transform limit. Our results herald attosecond science at the fundamental absorption edges of matter by bridging the gap between ultrafast temporal resolution and element specific probing. PMID:27167525

A multi-scale segmentation approach to filling gaps in Landsat ETM+ SLC-off images

USGS Publications Warehouse

Maxwell, S.K.; Schmidt, Gail L.; Storey, James C.

2007-01-01

On 31 May 2003, the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Plus (ETM+) Scan Line Corrector (SLC) failed, causing the scanning pattern to exhibit wedge-shaped scan-to-scan gaps. We developed a method that uses coincident spectral data to fill the image gaps. This method uses a multi-scale segment model, derived from a previous Landsat SLC-on image (image acquired prior to the SLC failure), to guide the spectral interpolation across the gaps in SLC-off images (images acquired after the SLC failure). This paper describes the process used to generate the segment model, provides details of the gap-fill algorithm used in deriving the segment-based gap-fill product, and presents the results of the gap-fill process applied to grassland, cropland, and forest landscapes. Our results indicate this product will be useful for a wide variety of applications, including regional-scale studies, general land cover mapping (e.g. forest, urban, and grass), crop-specific mapping and monitoring, and visual assessments. Applications that need to be cautious when using pixels in the gap areas include any applications that require per-pixel accuracy, such as urban characterization or impervious surface mapping, applications that use texture to characterize landscape features, and applications that require accurate measurements of small or narrow landscape features such as roads, farmsteads, and riparian areas.

Defining Long Term Goals and Setting Priorities for Education and Outreach, 2003 to 2013 - Panel Report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grier, J. A.; Atkinson, D. H.; Barlow, N.; Griffin, I.; Hoffman, J.; Kelly-Serrato, B.; Kesthelyi, L.; Klein, M.; Klug, S.; Kolvoord, B.; Lanagan, P.; Lebofsky, L. A.; Lindstrom, M.; Lopes, R.; Lowes, L.; Manifold, J.; Mastrapa, R.; Milazzo, M.; Miner, E.; Morris, P.; Runyon, C.; Sohus, A.; Urquhart, M.; Warasila, R. L.; Withers, P.; Wood, Chuck

2001-11-01

Education and Public Outreach (E/PO) activities are an integral part of NASA's mandated mission and detailed in its Strategic Plan. The Office of Space Science Solar System Exploration (OSS SSE) E/PO program has made great strides in defining priorities and achieving its goals in the last five years. The Education and Public Outreach panel for NASA's Decadal Survey has generated a list of key issues to be addressed for the years 2003-2013 to assist the OSS SSE in future prioritization and planning. Key issues under discussion include: improving the involvement of planetary science professionals in E/PO activities; combating scientific elitism; examining the association between E/PO programs and public relations; re-examining funding E/PO activities from an audience perspective as opposed to a mission-centered perspective; improving access to resources for scientists, educators, students and partner organizations; promoting communication between educational programs at NASA; and reaching traditionally underrepresented groups, women, minorities and the disabled with science education programs. The panel is developing a list of specific recommendations to be implemented to improve OSS SSE E/PO activities in the next decade. These recommendations deal with topics such as: the production of evaluated resource web sites for scientists and educators; the development of a policy of long-term funding for the maintenance of web sites and other tools after they are created; methods for reaching those who do not have computer access through television and public programs; and the development of a reward system to recognize and encourage scientist involvement in E/PO activities. Such key issues and recommendations will be presented, along with materials from current programs and initiatives for E/PO in the OSS SSE.

7 CFR 2003.5 - Headquarters organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Headquarters organization. 2003.5 Section 2003.5...) ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS ORGANIZATION Functional Organization of the Rural Development Mission Area § 2003.5 Headquarters organization. (a) The Rural Development Headquarters is comprised of: (1) The Office of the Under...

Foale conducts MSG setup for PFMI experiment in U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-11-28

ISS008-E-06301 (28 November 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, installs equipment in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) for the Pore Formation and Mobility Investigation (PFMI) experiment in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment studies how bubbles form in metal and crystal samples, thus deteriorating the samples’ strength and usefulness in experiments.

Foale conducts MSG setup for PFMI experiment in U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-11-28

ISS008-E-06309 (28 November 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, installs equipment in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) for the Pore Formation and Mobility Investigation (PFMI) experiment in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment studies how bubbles form in metal and crystal samples, thus deteriorating the samples’ strength and usefulness in experiments.

Foale conducts MSG setup for PFMI experiment in U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-11-28

ISS008-E-06300 (28 November 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, installs equipment in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) for the Pore Formation and Mobility Investigation (PFMI) experiment in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment studies how bubbles form in metal and crystal samples, thus deteriorating the samples’ strength and usefulness in experiments.

Multiscale Modeling and Process Optimization for Engineered Microstructural Complexity

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-26

R. C. Rogan, E. Üstündag, M. R. Daymond and V. Knoblauch Ferroelastic Behavior of PZT -Based Ferroelectric Ceramics , Materials Science Forum, 404...Bhattacharya, Materials Science Seminar, University of Southern California, 2003. 42. R.C. Rogan, Texture and Strain Analysis of PZT by In-Situ...Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, St. Louis, MO; May 2002. 44. R. Rogan, Ferroelastic Behavior of PZT -Based Ferroelectric Ceramics , 6th

Research Trends in the Field of E-Learning from 2003 to 2008: A Scientometric and Content Analysis for Selected Journals and Conferences Using Visualization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maurer, Hermann; Khan, Muhammad Salman

2010-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide a scientometric and content analysis of the studies in the field of e-learning that were published in five Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals ("Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, Computers & Education, British Journal of Educational Technology, Innovations in Education and Teaching…

Proceedings of the Annual RAND-China Reform Forum Conference (6th) Held in Santa Monica, California on August 28-29, 2003

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

documents for commercial use. Limited Electronic Distribution Rights For More Information CHILD POLICY CIVIL JUSTICE EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH...Reform Forum Conference. August 28-29, 2003 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK...have been reviewed and approved by RAND Science and Technology. Proceedings of the 6th Annual RAND–China Reform Forum Conference August 28–29

32 CFR 245.9 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... to the Secretary of Homeland Security, February 28, 2003. (d) Title 10 U.S.C.—Armed Forces. (e) Title... aviation security responsibilities from FAA to TSA. (h) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Authority. 245.9 Section 245.9 National Defense...

32 CFR 245.9 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... to the Secretary of Homeland Security, February 28, 2003. (d) Title 10 U.S.C.—Armed Forces. (e) Title... aviation security responsibilities from FAA to TSA. (h) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Authority. 245.9 Section 245.9 National Defense...

32 CFR 245.9 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... to the Secretary of Homeland Security, February 28, 2003. (d) Title 10 U.S.C.—Armed Forces. (e) Title... aviation security responsibilities from FAA to TSA. (h) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority. 245.9 Section 245.9 National Defense...

32 CFR 245.9 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... to the Secretary of Homeland Security, February 28, 2003. (d) Title 10 U.S.C.—Armed Forces. (e) Title... aviation security responsibilities from FAA to TSA. (h) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Authority. 245.9 Section 245.9 National Defense...

32 CFR 245.9 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... to the Secretary of Homeland Security, February 28, 2003. (d) Title 10 U.S.C.—Armed Forces. (e) Title... aviation security responsibilities from FAA to TSA. (h) Homeland Security Act of 2002 (Pub. L. 107-296... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Authority. 245.9 Section 245.9 National Defense...

15 CFR 2003.5 - Information open to public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information open to public inspection. 2003.5 Section 2003.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements... Information open to public inspection. (a) With the exception of information subject to § 2003.6, an...

15 CFR 2003.5 - Information open to public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Information open to public inspection. 2003.5 Section 2003.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements... Information open to public inspection. (a) With the exception of information subject to § 2003.6, an...

15 CFR 2003.5 - Information open to public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Information open to public inspection. 2003.5 Section 2003.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements... Information open to public inspection. (a) With the exception of information subject to § 2003.6, an...

15 CFR 2003.5 - Information open to public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Information open to public inspection. 2003.5 Section 2003.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements... Information open to public inspection. (a) With the exception of information subject to § 2003.6, an...

15 CFR 2003.5 - Information open to public inspection.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Information open to public inspection. 2003.5 Section 2003.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements... Information open to public inspection. (a) With the exception of information subject to § 2003.6, an...

10 CFR 20.2003 - Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. 20.2003 Section 20.2003 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Waste Disposal § 20.2003 Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. (a) A licensee may discharge licensed...

10 CFR 20.2003 - Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. 20.2003 Section 20.2003 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Waste Disposal § 20.2003 Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. (a) A licensee may discharge licensed...

10 CFR 20.2003 - Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. 20.2003 Section 20.2003 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Waste Disposal § 20.2003 Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. (a) A licensee may discharge licensed...

10 CFR 20.2003 - Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. 20.2003 Section 20.2003 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Waste Disposal § 20.2003 Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. (a) A licensee may discharge licensed...

10 CFR 20.2003 - Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. 20.2003 Section 20.2003 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION Waste Disposal § 20.2003 Disposal by release into sanitary sewerage. (a) A licensee may discharge licensed...

Lost in Translation? A Comparison of Cancer-Genetics Reporting in the Press Release and its Subsequent Coverage in Lay Press1

PubMed Central

Brechman, Jean M.; Lee, Chul-joo; Cappella, Joseph N.

2014-01-01

Understanding how genetic science is communicated to the lay public is of great import, given that media coverage of genetics is increasing exponentially and that the ways in which discoveries are presented in the news can have significant effects on a variety of health outcomes. To address this issue, this study examines the presentation of genetic research relating to cancer outcomes and behaviors (i.e., prostate cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, smoking and obesity) in both the press release (N = 23) and its subsequent news coverage (N = 71) by using both quantitative content analysis and qualitative textual analysis. In contrast to earlier studies reporting that news stories often misrepresent genetics by presenting biologically deterministic and simplified portrayals (e.g., Mountcastle-Shah et al., 2003; Ten Eych & Williment, 2003), our data shows no clear trends in the direction of distortion toward deterministic claims in news articles. Also, other errors commonly attributed to science journalism, such as lack of qualifying details and use of oversimplified language (e.g., “fat gene”) are observed in press releases. These findings suggest that the intermediary press release rather than news coverage may serve as a source of distortion in the dissemination of science to the lay public. The implications of this study for future research in this area are discussed. PMID:25568611

Towards DNA-Based Programmable Matter

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-28

optics. Nature 2003, 424, 824–830. (2) Xu, H. X.; Bjerneld, E. J.; Kall , M.; Borjesson, L. Spectroscopy of single hemoglobin molecules by surface...Brenner, M. P.; Manoharan, V. N. The Free-energy Landscape of Clusters of Attractive Hard Spheres. Science 2010, 327, 560–563. (35) Xu, H. X.; Kall , M

Foale holds the top endcap for the TVIS Gyroscope in SM during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-09

ISS008-E-07384 (9 Dec. 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 commander and NASA ISS science officer, holds the top end-cap for the Treadmill Vibration Isolation System (TVIS) gyroscope in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS).

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit looks closely at Sodium Chloride within a 50-millimeter metal loop

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-12

ISS006-E-39142 (12 March 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, looks closely at a water bubble within a 50-millimeter metal loop. The experiment took place in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Influence of processing conditions on the optical properties of chemically deposited zinc sulphide (ZnS) thin film

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Igweoko, A. E.; Augustine, C.; Idenyi, N. E.; Okorie, B. A.; Anyaegbunam, F. N. C.

2018-03-01

In this paper, we present the influence of post deposition annealing and varying concentration on the optical properties of ZnS thin films fabricated by chemical bath deposition (CBD) at 65 °C from chemical baths comprising NH3/SC(NH2)2/ZnSO4 solutions at pH of about 10. The film samples were annealed at temperatures ranging from 373 K–473 K and the concentration of the film samples vary from 0.1 M–0.7 M. Post deposition annealing and concentration played an important role on the optical parameters investigated which includes absorbance, transmittance, reflectance, absorption coefficient, band gap, refractive index and extinction coefficient. The optical parameters were found to vary with post deposition annealing in one direction and concentration of Zn2+ in the reverse direction. For instance, post deposition annealing increases the band gap from 3.65 eV for as-deposited to 3.70 eV, 3.75 eV and 3.85 eV for annealed at 373 K, 423 K and 473 K respectively whereas concentration of Zn2+ decreases the band gap from 3.95 eV at 0.1 M to 3.90 eV, 3.85 eV and 3.80 eV at 0.3 M, 0.5 M and 0.7 M respectively. The fundamental absorption edge of ZnS thin films shifted toward the highest photon energies (blue shift) after annealing and shifted toward the lowest photon energies (red shift) with increasing Zn ions concentration. A linear relation between band gap energy and Urbach energy was found. After annealing, the Urbach energy increases form 3.10 eV to 3.50 eV and decreases from 3.40 eV to 3.10 eV at varying Zn2+ concentration. The property of wide band gap makes ZnS suitable for buffer layer of film solar cells, permitting more light especially the short wavelength light into absorber layer.

4 CFR 200.3 - Privacy Act records maintained by the Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 200.3 Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. (a) The Board shall maintain only such information about an...

15 CFR 2003.2 - Testimony and submission of written briefs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Testimony and submission of written briefs. 2003.2 Section 2003.2 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE REGULATIONS OF TRADE POLICY STAFF COMMITTEE § 2003.2...

4 CFR 200.3 - Privacy Act records maintained by the Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 200.3 Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. (a) The Board shall maintain only such information about an...

4 CFR 200.3 - Privacy Act records maintained by the Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 200.3 Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. (a) The Board shall maintain only such information about an...

4 CFR 200.3 - Privacy Act records maintained by the Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 4 Accounts 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Accounts RECOVERY ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 200.3 Privacy Act records maintained by the Board. (a) The Board shall maintain only such information about an...

Microencapsulation of vitamin e from palm fatty acid distillate with galactomannan and gum acacia using spray drying method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarigan, J. Br.; Kaban, J.; Zulmi, R.

2018-02-01

Vitamin E from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) has been encapsulated using spray drying method with gum acacia (GA) and mixed of galactomannan from Arenga pinnata (GAP) with GA as encapsulating agent. Composite films with thickness vary from 0.542 - 0.779 mm were prepared by incorporating vitamin E onto matrix of GA (7 g) with various concentration of GAP (0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 g). The film obtained from 0.2 g GAP and 1.3 g vitamin E showed better compatibility and have viscosity similar with standard (ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 22000:2005). That composition was used for spray drying method rendering micro-particle size 11 µm and the particle had spherical shape. Although the increment of GAP decreasing moisture content and the particle size from 16 µm to 11 µm, the yield of microcapsule, encapsulation efficiency, the amount of vitamin E absorbed and oxidation stability of vitamin E were increased.

Is the reporting timeliness gap for avian flu and H1N1 outbreaks in global health surveillance systems associated with country transparency?

PubMed

Tsai, Feng-Jen; Tseng, Eva; Chan, Chang-Chuan; Tamashiro, Hiko; Motamed, Sandrine; Rougemont, André C

2013-03-25

This study aims to evaluate the length of time elapsed between reports of the same incidents related to avian flu and H1N1 outbreaks published by the WHO and ProMED-mail, the two major global health surveillance systems, before and after the amendment of the International Health Regulations in 2005 (IHR 2005) and to explore the association between country transparency and this timeliness gap. We recorded the initial release dates of each report related to avian flu or H1N1 listed on the WHO Disease Outbreak News site and the matching outbreak report from ProMED-mail, a non-governmental program for monitoring emerging diseases, from 2003 to the end of June 2009. The timeliness gap was calculated as the difference in days between the report release dates of the matching outbreaks in the WHO and ProMED-mail systems. Civil liberties scores were collected as indicators of the transparency of each country. The Human Development Index and data indicating the density of physicians and nurses were collected to reflect countries' development and health workforce statuses. Then, logistic regression was performed to determine the correlation between the timeliness gap and civil liberties, human development, and health workforce status, controlling for year. The reporting timeliness gap for avian flu and H1N1 outbreaks significantly decreased after 2003. On average, reports were posted 4.09 (SD = 7.99) days earlier by ProMED-mail than by the WHO. Countries with partly free (OR = 5.77) and free civil liberties scores (OR = 10.57) had significantly higher likelihoods of longer timeliness gaps than non-free countries. Similarly, countries with very high human development status had significantly higher likelihoods of longer timeliness gaps than countries with middle or low human development status (OR = 5.30). However, no association between the timeliness gap and health workforce density was found. The study found that the adoption of IHR 2005, which contributed to countries' awareness of the importance of timely reporting, had a significant impact in improving the reporting timeliness gap. In addition, the greater the civil liberties in a country (e.g., importance of freedom of the media), the longer the timeliness gap.

Duque works at the MSG for PromISS 2 in the Lab during Expedition Seven / 8 OPS

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-27

ISS008-E-05026 (27 October 2003) --- European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque (left) of Spain works with the Cervantes mission experiment PROMISS in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment will investigate the growth processes of proteins in weightless conditions. Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, is visible at right.

Gap-filling meteorological variables with Empirical Orthogonal Functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Graf, Alexander

2017-04-01

Gap-filling or modelling surface-atmosphere fluxes critically depends on an, ideally continuous, availability of their meteorological driver variables, such as e.g. air temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed and precipitation. Unlike for eddy-covariance-based fluxes, data gaps are not unavoidable for these measurements. Nevertheless, missing or erroneous data can occur in practice due to instrument or power failures, disturbance, and temporary sensor or station dismounting for e.g. agricultural management or maintenance. If stations with similar measurements are available nearby, using their data for imputation (i.e. estimating missing data) either directly, after an elevation correction or via linear regression, is usually preferred over linear interpolation or monthly mean diurnal cycles. The popular implementation of regional networks of (partly low-cost) stations increases both, the need and the potential, for such neighbour-based imputation methods. For repeated satellite imagery, Beckers and Rixen (2003) suggested an imputation method based on empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). While exploiting the same linear relations between time series at different observation points as regression, it is able to use information from all observation points to simultaneously estimate missing data at all observation points, provided that never all observations are missing at the same time. Briefly, the method uses the ability of the first few EOFs of a data matrix to reconstruct a noise-reduced version of this matrix; iterating missing data points from an initial guess (the column-wise averages) to an optimal version determined by cross-validation. The poster presents and discusses lessons learned from adapting and applying this methodology to station data. Several years of 10-minute averages of air temperature, pressure and humidity, incoming shortwave, longwave and photosynthetically active radiation, wind speed and precipitation, measured by a regional (70 km by 20 km by 650 m elevation difference) network of 18 sites, were treated by various modifications of the method. The performance per variable and as a function of methodology, such as e.g. number of used EOFs and method to determine its optimum, period length and data transformation, is assessed by cross-validation. Beckers, J.-M., Rixen, M. (2003): EOF calculations and data filling from incomplete oceanographic datasets. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech. 20, 1839-1856.

Defense Science Board 2003 Summer Study on DoD Roles and Missions in Homeland Security: Volume 2 - A: Supporting Reports

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-05-01

Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 This report is a product of the Defense... products ; − Making available the experience (e.g., technical training materials, procedures, publications) gained from its effort to strengthen... products of organisms. Infectious organisms include contagious and non-contagious varieties, and toxins which can act in the long term (e. g., as

eHealth literacy research-Quo vadis?

PubMed

Griebel, Lena; Enwald, Heidi; Gilstad, Heidi; Pohl, Anna-Lena; Moreland, Julia; Sedlmayr, Martin

2017-10-18

The concept of electronic health (eHealth) literacy evolved from the social and information sciences and describes competencies necessary to use electronic health services. As it is a rather new topic, and as there is no current overview of the state of the art in research, it is not possible to identify research gaps. Therefore, the objective of this viewpoint article is to increase knowledge on the current state of the art of research in eHealth literacy and to identify gaps in scientific research which should be focused on by the research community in the future. The article provides a current viewpoint of the concept of eHealth literacy and related research. Gaps can be found in terms of a missing "gold standard" regarding both the definition and the measurement of eHealth literacy. Furthermore, there is a need for identifying the implications on eHealth developers, which evolve from the measurement of eHealth literacy in eHealth users. Finally, a stronger inclusion of health professionals, both in the evolving concept and in the measurement of eHealth literacy, is needed in the future.

Synchronization of IM and HC: The Navy Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-07-01

grounds for automatic rejection of that weapon system for service use”. In 2003 , MIL-STD-2105C superseded MIL-STD-2105B by referencing the...34 Sandia National Laboratories, January 1987. [11] Tomasello , K., Sharp, M., Adams, J. and Rich Bowen. “Origin of Test Requirements and Passing...stimuli.” Department of Defense Policy • DoDD 5000.01, May 12, 2003 : E1.1.23. Safety. “… All systems containing energetics shall comply with insensitive

Creatinine, Arsenic Metabolism, and Renal Function in an Arsenic-Exposed Population in Bangladesh

PubMed Central

Peters, Brandilyn A.; Hall, Megan N.; Liu, Xinhua; Neugut, Y. Dana; Pilsner, J. Richard; Levy, Diane; Ilievski, Vesna; Slavkovich, Vesna; Islam, Tariqul; Factor-Litvak, Pam; Graziano, Joseph H.; Gamble, Mary V.

2014-01-01

Kidney disease is emerging as an arsenic (As)-linked disease outcome, however further evidence of this association is warranted. Our first objective for this paper was to examine the potential renal toxicity of As exposure in Bangladesh. Our second objective relates to examining whether the previously reported positive association between urinary creatinine (uCrn) and As methylation may be explained by renal function. We had hypothesized that these associations relate to supply and demand for s-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for both creatine synthesis and As methylation. Alternatively, renal function could influence both As and creatinine excretion, or the As metabolites may influence renal function, which in turn influences uCrn. We conducted a cross-sectional study (N = 478) of adults, composed of a sample recruited in 2001 and a sample recruited in 2003. We assessed renal function using plasma cystatin C, and calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Consistent with renal toxicity of As, log-uAs had a marginal inverse association with eGFR in the 2003 sample (b = −5.6, p = 0.07), however this association was not significant in the 2001 sample (b = −1.9, p = 0.24). Adjustment for eGFR did not alter the associations between uCrn and the %uAs metabolites, indicating that GFR does not explain these associations. Increased eGFR was associated with increased odds of having %uInAs >12.2% (2001: OR = 1.01, 95%CI (1.00,1.03); 2003: OR = 1.04, 95%CI (1.01,1.07)). In the 2003 sample only, there was a negative association between eGFR and %uDMA (b = −0.08, p = 0.02). These results may indicate differential effects of renal function on excretion of InAs and DMA. Alternatively, a certain methylation pattern, involving decreased %InAs and increased %DMA, may reduce renal function. Given that these studies were cross-sectional, we cannot distinguish between these two possibilities. Discrepancies between the samples may be due to the higher As exposure, poorer nutrition, and lower As methylation capacity in the 2003 sample. PMID:25438247

Creatinine, arsenic metabolism, and renal function in an arsenic-exposed population in Bangladesh.

PubMed

Peters, Brandilyn A; Hall, Megan N; Liu, Xinhua; Neugut, Y Dana; Pilsner, J Richard; Levy, Diane; Ilievski, Vesna; Slavkovich, Vesna; Islam, Tariqul; Factor-Litvak, Pam; Graziano, Joseph H; Gamble, Mary V

2014-01-01

Kidney disease is emerging as an arsenic (As)-linked disease outcome, however further evidence of this association is warranted. Our first objective for this paper was to examine the potential renal toxicity of As exposure in Bangladesh. Our second objective relates to examining whether the previously reported positive association between urinary creatinine (uCrn) and As methylation may be explained by renal function. We had hypothesized that these associations relate to supply and demand for s-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for both creatine synthesis and As methylation. Alternatively, renal function could influence both As and creatinine excretion, or the As metabolites may influence renal function, which in turn influences uCrn. We conducted a cross-sectional study (N = 478) of adults, composed of a sample recruited in 2001 and a sample recruited in 2003. We assessed renal function using plasma cystatin C, and calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Consistent with renal toxicity of As, log-uAs had a marginal inverse association with eGFR in the 2003 sample (b = -5.6, p = 0.07), however this association was not significant in the 2001 sample (b = -1.9, p = 0.24). Adjustment for eGFR did not alter the associations between uCrn and the %uAs metabolites, indicating that GFR does not explain these associations. Increased eGFR was associated with increased odds of having %uInAs >12.2% (2001: OR = 1.01, 95%CI (1.00,1.03); 2003: OR = 1.04, 95%CI (1.01,1.07)). In the 2003 sample only, there was a negative association between eGFR and %uDMA (b = -0.08, p = 0.02). These results may indicate differential effects of renal function on excretion of InAs and DMA. Alternatively, a certain methylation pattern, involving decreased %InAs and increased %DMA, may reduce renal function. Given that these studies were cross-sectional, we cannot distinguish between these two possibilities. Discrepancies between the samples may be due to the higher As exposure, poorer nutrition, and lower As methylation capacity in the 2003 sample.

Entry and Persistence of Women and Minorities in College Science and Engineering Education. Research and Development Report. NCES 2000-601

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huang, Gary; Taddese, Nebiyu; Walter, Elizabeth

2000-01-01

This study examines the gaps related to gender and race/ethnicity in entrance, persistence, and attainment of postsecondary science and engineering (S&E) education. After reviewing selected prior research and examining potentially relevant variables in two National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) surveys, several variables were selected…

Cross-National Variations in Student Employment and Academic Performance: The Roles of National Context and International Law*

PubMed Central

Byun, Soo-yong; Henck, Adrienne; Post, David

2014-01-01

Most existing research indicates that working students perform more poorly than do full-time students on standardized achievement tests. However, we know there are wide international variations in this gap. This article shows that national and international contexts help to explain the gap in the academic performance between working and non-working middle-school students. We combined data from the 2003 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) eighth-grade assessment with the country specific information on socioeconomic and educational conditions, as well as the timing of each country's ratification of an international treaty regulating child labor. Our multilevel analyses show that, while student employment was generally negatively associated with academic performance, this negative association is smaller in countries that by 1995 had ratified the International Labour Organization's Convention No. 138 on child labor. These findings highlight the role of national and international policy in structuring the consequences of student employment for academic performance. PMID:25632163

Minding the Gap: Places of Possibility in Intercultural Classrooms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harris, Anne

2011-01-01

There are no closed systems...every system has a gap...in that space is a place of possibility (hooks 2003, 23). "Cross-Marked: Sudanese-Australian Young Women Talk Education," a seven-part ethno-cinematic film series exploring Sudanese-Australian young women's educational experiences, is interested in this gap, this place of…

Bowersox and Budarin wearing Russian Sokol suit in Soyuz Spacecraft during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-04-14

ISS006-E-45796 (14 April 2003) --- Attired in their Russian Sokol suits, astronaut Kenneth D. Bowersox (left), Expedition 6 mission commander; cosmonaut Nikolai M. Budarin, flight engineer; along with astronaut Donald R. Pettit (out of frame), NASA ISS science officer, practice for their return flight home scheduled for May 3, 2003. The two astronauts and cosmonaut will leave the International Space Station (ISS) aboard the Soyuz TMA-1 spacecraft at 5:40 p.m. (CDT) Saturday. They are schedule to land in Kazakhstan at 9:03 p.m. (CDT) Saturday. Budarin represents Rosaviakosmos.

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition Seven crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-06-27

ISS007-E-08434 (27 June 2003) --- This photo featuring a close-up view of Honolulu on the Hawaiian island of Oahu was taken from the International Space Station (ISS) by astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer. Diamond Head Crater and Waikiki Beach are visible at lower right.

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit making a valve adjustment to the FCPA

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-17

ISS006-E-39401 (17 March 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, makes a valve adjustment to the Fluid Control Pump Assembly (FCPA), which is a part of the Internal Thermal Control System (ITCS) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit making a valve adjustment to the FCPA

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-17

ISS006-E-39400 (17 March 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, makes a valve adjustment to the Fluid Control Pump Assembly (FCPA), which is a part of the Internal Thermal Control System (ITCS) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

A Double-Dissociation in Infants' Representations of Object Arrays

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feigenson, L.

2005-01-01

Previous studies show that infants can compute either the total continuous extent (e.g. Clearfield, M.W., & Mix, K.S. (1999). Number versus contour length in infants' discrimination of small visual sets. Psychological Science, 10(5), 408-411; Feigenson, L., & Carey, S. (2003). Tracking individuals via object-files: evidence from infants' manual…

Pettit uses a Grab Sample Container in the FGB during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-22

ISS006-E-20835 (22 January 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition 6 NASA ISS science officer, holds a Grab Sample Container (GSC) in the functional cargo block (FGB), or Zarya, on the International Space Station (ISS). GSC is used for collecting air samples as part of ISS environmental monitoring.

Summary Report of Finding of the Decision Science Working Group (DSWG)

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-06-01

Seminar Attendance List White Eagle Conference Center Hamilton, NY 5-7 Aug 2003 Alvarez, Rebecca C., Civ, AFRL/IFSB Barsch, Kurt W. 2Lt, AFRL...Gemelli, Nathaniel, Civ, AFRL/IFTB Hitchings, John E., Civ, AFRL/IFSA Hwang, Jong S., Civ, AFRL/IFSD Hwang, Victoria Y., Civ, AFRL/IFSA Kremer , Gul, PSU

Lu and Duque in Destiny laboratory with musical keyboard

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-26

ISS007-E-18044 (26 October 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu (at musical keyboard), Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, and European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain share a light moment during off-shift time in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Pettit uses a Grab Sample Container in the U.S. Laboratory during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-22

ISS006-E-20834 (22 January 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, holds a Grab Sample Container (GSC) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). GSC is used for collecting air samples as part of ISS environmental monitoring.

Inspiring science achievement: a mixed methods examination of the practices and characteristics of successful science programs in diverse high schools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scogin, Stephen C.; Cavlazoglu, Baki; LeBlanc, Jennifer; Stuessy, Carol L.

2017-08-01

While the achievement gap in science exists in the US, research associated with our investigation reveals some high school science programs serving diverse student bodies are successfully closing the gap. Using a mixed methods approach, we identified and investigated ten high schools in a large Southwestern state that fit the definition of "highly successful, highly diverse". By conducting interviews with science liaisons associated with each school and reviewing the literature, we developed a rubric identifying specific characteristics associated with successful science programs. These characteristics and practices included setting high expectations for students, providing extensive teacher support for student learning, and utilizing student-centered pedagogy. We used the rubric to assess the successful high school science programs and compare them to other high school science programs in the state (i.e., less successful and less diverse high school science programs). Highly successful, highly diverse schools were very different in their approach to science education when compared to the other programs. The findings from this study will help schools with diverse students to strengthen hiring practices, enhance teacher support mechanisms, and develop student-focused strategies in the classroom that increase science achievement.

Policy Specification for Non-Local Fault Tolerance in Large Distributed Information Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-05-01

submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Philip E. Varner Approved: John C. Knight (Advisor) Anita K. Jones...Applied Science May 2003 Abstract The services provided by critical infrastructure systems are essential to the operation of modern society. These systems...Pagels for putting up with me while I was working on this. Thanks to my advisor John Knight for getting me into this mess. Thanks to Jonathan Hill for

Electrical properties of amorphous and epitaxial Si-rich silicide films composed of W-atom-encapsulated Si clusters

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Okada, Naoya, E-mail: okada-naoya@aist.go.jp; Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562; Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573

We investigated the electrical properties and derived the energy band structures of amorphous Si-rich W silicide (a-WSi{sub n}) films and approximately 1-nm-thick crystalline WSi{sub n} epitaxial films (e-WSi{sub n}) on Si (100) substrates with composition n = 8–10, both composed of Si{sub n} clusters each of which encapsulates a W atom (WSi{sub n} clusters). The effect of annealing in the temperature range of 300–500 °C was also investigated. The Hall measurements at room temperature revealed that a-WSi{sub n} is a nearly intrinsic semiconductor, whereas e-WSi{sub n} is an n-type semiconductor with electron mobility of ∼8 cm{sup 2}/V s and high sheet electron density ofmore » ∼7 × 10{sup 12 }cm{sup −2}. According to the temperature dependence of the electrical properties, a-WSi{sub n} has a mobility gap of ∼0.1 eV and mid gap states in the region of 10{sup 19 }cm{sup −3} eV{sup −1} in an optical gap of ∼0.6 eV with considerable band tail states; e-WSi{sub n} has a donor level of ∼0.1 eV with sheet density in the region of 10{sup 12 }cm{sup −2} in a band gap of ∼0.3 eV. These semiconducting band structures are primarily attributed to the open band-gap properties of the constituting WSi{sub n} cluster. In a-WSi{sub n}, the random network of the clusters generates the band tail states, and the formation of Si dangling bonds results in the generation of mid gap states; in e-WSi{sub n}, the original cluster structure is highly distorted to accommodate the Si lattice, resulting in the formation of intrinsic defects responsible for the donor level.« less

Agent 2003 Conference on Challenges in Social Simulation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Margaret Clemmons, ed.

Welcome to the Proceedings of the fourth in a series of agent simulation conferences cosponsored by Argonne National Laboratory and The University of Chicago. Agent 2003 is the second conference in which three Special Interest Groups from the North American Association for Computational Social and Organizational Science (NAACSOS) have been involved in planning the program--Computational Social Theory; Simulation Applications; and Methods, Toolkits and Techniques. The theme of Agent 2003, Challenges in Social Simulation, is especially relevant, as there seems to be no shortage of such challenges. Agent simulation has been applied with increasing frequency to social domains for several decades,more » and its promise is clear and increasingly visible. Like any nascent scientific methodology, however, it faces a number of problems or issues that must be addressed in order to progress. These challenges include: (1) Validating models relative to the social settings they are designed to represent; (2) Developing agents and interactions simple enough to understand but sufficiently complex to do justice to the social processes of interest; (3) Bridging the gap between empirically spare artificial societies and naturally occurring social phenomena; (4) Building multi-level models that span processes across domains; (5) Promoting a dialog among theoretical, qualitative, and empirical social scientists and area experts, on the one hand, and mathematical and computational modelers and engineers, on the other; (6) Using that dialog to facilitate substantive progress in the social sciences; and (7) Fulfilling the aspirations of users in business, government, and other application areas, while recognizing and addressing the preceding challenges. Although this list hardly exhausts the challenges the field faces, it does identify topics addressed throughout the presentations of Agent 2003. Agent 2003 is part of a much larger process in which new methods and techniques are applied to difficult social issues. Among the resources that give us the prospect of success is the innovative and transdisciplinary research community being built. We believe that Agent 2003 contributes to further progress in computational modeling of social processes, and we hope that you find these Proceedings to be stimulating and rewarding. As the horizons of this transdiscipline continue to emerge and converge, we hope to provide similar forums that will promote development of agent simulation modeling in the years to come.« less

Pump Diode Characterization for an Unstable Diode-Pumped Alkali Laser Resonator

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

2003. Petersen, A., and R. Lane, Second harmonic operation of diode-pumped Rb vapor lasers , Proc. of SPIE, 7005, 2008. Siegman , A. E., Lasers ...University Science Books, Sausalito, CA, 1986. Siegman , A. E., Defining, measuring and optimizing laser beam quality, Proc. of SPIE, 1868, 1993. Steck, D...PUMP DIODE CHARACTERIZATION FOR AN UNSTABLE DIODE-PUMPED ALKALI LASER RESONATOR THESIS Chad T. Taguba, Master Sergeant, USAF AFIT-ENP-13-M-33

78 FR 21125 - Findings of Research Misconduct

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... to the following publications and grant applications: Blood pre-published online on January 16, 2003 (``NEM'') Experimental Hematology 31:372-381, 2003 (``CMA'') Blood 97:147-153, 2001 (``ISB'') R01 CA89135-01A1 R01 HL73063-01 R01 HL79615-01 Blood pre-published online on January 16, 2003, has been retracted...

Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis among preschool children in 2003 and 2013 in Xinxiang city, Henan province, Central China.

PubMed

Wang, Shuai; Yao, Zhijun; Hou, Yichen; Wang, Dong; Zhang, Haizhu; Ma, Jingbo; Zhang, Luwen; Liu, Shiguo

2016-01-01

The present study was performed to assess the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among preschool children in Xinxiang city, Henan province, China and the changes in the egg positive rate for E. vermicularis over a 10 year period. A total of 510 preschool children in 17 kindergartens were examined using the cellophane-tape perianal swab method in 2003, while 1734 preschool children in 10 kindergartens were examined in 2013 using the same method. The overall egg positive rate for E. vermicularis was 12.75% (65 out of 510) in 2003 and 5.13% (89 out of 1734) in 2013; the former was significantly higher than the latter (p < 0.05). In both 2003 and 2013, the egg positive rate for 5 to 6-year-old children was significantly higher than that of 2 to 4-year-old children (p < 0.05). However, positive rates were not significantly dependent on gender or area. Among selected personal hygiene factors, no hand washing before eating, sucking fingers or toys, and scratching around the anus were all associated with enterobiasis. The present study confirmed that the prevalence of E. vermicularis infection among preschool children decreased significantly over the 10 year period in Xinxiang city, but infection was still prevalent. Improving sanitation and personal hygiene practices, especially hand washing, could help prevent the transmission of E. vermicularis. © S. Wang et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2016.

7 CFR 2003.14 - Field Offices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Field Offices. 2003.14 Section 2003.14 Agriculture... Field Offices. Rural Development field offices report to their respective State Director and State Office Program Directors. State Directors may organizationally structure their offices based on the...

Do Gender Differences in Perceived Prototypical Computer Scientists and Engineers Contribute to Gender Gaps in Computer Science and Engineering?

PubMed

Ehrlinger, Joyce; Plant, E Ashby; Hartwig, Marissa K; Vossen, Jordan J; Columb, Corey J; Brewer, Lauren E

2018-01-01

Women are vastly underrepresented in the fields of computer science and engineering (CS&E). We examined whether women might view the intellectual characteristics of prototypical individuals in CS&E in more stereotype-consistent ways than men might and, consequently, show less interest in CS&E. We asked 269 U.S. college students (187, 69.5% women) to describe the prototypical computer scientist (Study 1) or engineer (Study 2) through open-ended descriptions as well as through a set of trait ratings. Participants also rated themselves on the same set of traits and rated their similarity to the prototype. Finally, participants in both studies were asked to describe their likelihood of pursuing future college courses and careers in computer science (Study 1) or engineering (Study 2). Across both studies, we found that women offered more stereotype-consistent ratings than did men of the intellectual characteristics of prototypes in CS (Study 1) and engineering (Study 2). Women also perceived themselves as less similar to the prototype than men did. Further, the observed gender differences in prototype perceptions mediated the tendency for women to report lower interest in CS&E fields relative to men. Our work highlights the importance of prototype perceptions for understanding the gender gap in CS&E and suggests avenues for interventions that may increase women's representation in these vital fields.

Theoretical study on electronic structure of bathocuproine: Renormalization of the band gap in the crystalline state and the large exciton binding energy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yanagisawa, Susumu; Hatada, Shin-No-Suke; Morikawa, Yoshitada

Bathocuproine (BCP) is a promising organic material of a hole blocking layer in organic light-emitting diodes or an electron buffer layer in organic photovoltaic cells. The nature of the unoccupied electronic states is a key characteristic of the material, which play vital roles in the electron transport. To elucidate the electronic properties of the molecular or crystalline BCP, we use the GW approximation for calculation of the fundamental gap, and the long-range corrected density functional theory for the molecular optical absorption. It is found that the band gap of the BCP single crystal is 4.39 eV, and it is in agreement with the recent low-energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy measurement. The polarization energy is estimated to be larger than 1 eV, demonstrating the large polarization effects induced by the electronic clouds surrounding the injected charge. The theoretical optical absorption energy is 3.68 eV, and the exciton binding energy is estimated to be 0.71 eV, implying the large binding in the eletron-hole pair distributed around the small part of the molecular region. This work was supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) (No. 26810009), and for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ``3D Active-Site Science'' (No. 26105011) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Do Some Schools Narrow the Gap? Differential School Effectiveness Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strand, Steve

2016-01-01

Relatively little research has explored whether schools differ in their effectiveness for different group of pupils (e.g. by ethnicity, poverty or gender), for different curriculum subjects (e.g. English, mathematics or science) or over time (different cohorts). This paper uses multilevel modelling to analyse the national test results at age 7 and…

Vibrational renormalisation of the electronic band gap in hexagonal and cubic ice

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Engel, Edgar A., E-mail: eae32@cam.ac.uk; Needs, Richard J.; Monserrat, Bartomeu

2015-12-28

Electron-phonon coupling in hexagonal and cubic water ice is studied using first-principles quantum mechanical methods. We consider 29 distinct hexagonal and cubic ice proton-orderings with up to 192 molecules in the simulation cell to account for proton-disorder. We find quantum zero-point vibrational corrections to the minimum electronic band gaps ranging from −1.5 to −1.7 eV, which leads to improved agreement between calculated and experimental band gaps. Anharmonic nuclear vibrations play a negligible role in determining the gaps. Deuterated ice has a smaller band-gap correction at zero-temperature of −1.2 to −1.4 eV. Vibrations reduce the differences between the electronic band gapsmore » of different proton-orderings from around 0.17 eV to less than 0.05 eV, so that the electronic band gaps of hexagonal and cubic ice are almost independent of the proton-ordering when quantum nuclear vibrations are taken into account. The comparatively small reduction in the band gap over the temperature range 0 − 240 K of around 0.1 eV does not depend on the proton ordering, or whether the ice is protiated or deuterated, or hexagonal, or cubic. We explain this in terms of the atomistic origin of the strong electron-phonon coupling in ice.« less

A visitor study approach to INGV exhibition at Genova Science Festival 2011

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nave, R.; D'Addezio, G.; Carosi, A.

2012-04-01

The Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) is one of the largest European scientific institution dealing with Earth Sciences research and seismic and volcanic surveillance. We organizes every year intense educational and outreach activities focalizing in particular on causes of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and how to behave properly and deal with these events. This approach derived from the consciousness on the social role of a correct information on natural hazards and on the awareness that preparedness is the best way to live with and to mitigate natural hazard. The Genova Science Festival, held since 2003, is the most remarkable among the Italian Science Communication events and for or the 2011 edition, the INGV realized an exibition called COME E' PROFONDO IL MARE, la geofisica in acqua (HOW DEEP THE SEA IS, geophysics in water). The exhibition shows and explains the main geodinamic processes trough interactive exhibits and colorful panels exploring events as earthquakes, volcanic eruption and tsunami, their impact on our territory. In order to approach a visitor study related to this scientific educational path we elaborated questionnaires designed for students, for teacher and for general public. We have chosen this survey instrument for its advantage to get a wide variety of information and quantitative data. In developing the questionnaire three main aspects were taken in account: its shortness, clarity in the questions, and answers structure able to grade different indicator of visitor opinion and exhibition impact. That will also allow us to combine indicators scores during data elaboration phase. The questionnaire goes through all the section of the educational path, trying to have a feedback on the proposed layout and its efficacy. The Science Festival lasted 2 weeks and was visited by about 8000 people. During the event were handed out and recollected about 300 questionnaires that allows us to make a reliable assessment on the impact of our exhibition. This first effort of visitor study has the aim to have a framework for exhibition impact and its edutaiment appeal, and represent a starting point in a wider and specific study on visitor learning. These kind of survey contribute to set up a reliable feedback loops between scientists and end users of natural hazards information that can help to close the gap between science and society.

13 CFR 108.2003 - Grant issuance fee for SSBICs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Grant issuance fee for SSBICs. 108.2003 Section 108.2003 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION NEW MARKETS VENTURE CAPITAL (âNMVCâ) PROGRAM Requirements and Procedures for Operational Assistance Grants to NMVC Companies...

Direct Observation of the Evolution of Both the HOMO and LUMO Energy Levels of a Silole Derivative at a Magnesium/Silole Interface

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

transport gap has been observed in K-intercalated Alq3 films, where the HOMO - Proc. of SPIE Vol. 5214 371 LUMO on-set separation is 3.05 ± 0.1 eV...while in a neat Alq3 film, the transport gap is 3.9 ± 0.4 eV. 22,25 Narrowing of the transport gap of alkali-fulleride films (K3C60, K6C60) has also...Rajagopal and A. Kahn, “Photoemission spectroscopy investigation of magnesium– Alq3 interfaces“, J. Appl. Phys. 84, pp. 355-358, 1998. 9 M. G. Mason

Direct band gap silicon crystals predicted by an inverse design method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oh, Young Jun; Lee, In-Ho; Lee, Jooyoung; Kim, Sunghyun; Chang, Kee Joo

2015-03-01

Cubic diamond silicon has an indirect band gap and does not absorb or emit light as efficiently as other semiconductors with direct band gaps. Thus, searching for Si crystals with direct band gaps around 1.3 eV is important to realize efficient thin-film solar cells. In this work, we report various crystalline silicon allotropes with direct and quasi-direct band gaps, which are predicted by the inverse design method which combines a conformation space annealing algorithm for global optimization and first-principles density functional calculations. The predicted allotropes exhibit energies less than 0.3 eV per atom and good lattice matches, compared with the diamond structure. The structural stability is examined by performing finite-temperature ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and calculating the phonon spectra. The absorption spectra are obtained by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation together with the quasiparticle G0W0 approximation. For several allotropes with the band gaps around 1 eV, photovoltaic efficiencies are comparable to those of best-known photovoltaic absorbers such as CuInSe2. This work is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2005-0093845 and 2008-0061987), Samsung Science and Technology Foundation (SSTF-BA1401-08), KIAS Center for Advanced Computation, and KISTI (KSC-2013-C2-040).

Small Ships in Theater Security Cooperation

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-01-01

ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUBSTANCE ABUSE...Civil Affairs, Washington, D.C.: Joint Staff, April14, 2003. Marquis, Jefferson P., Richard E. Darilek, Jasen J. Castillo, Cathryn Quantic Thurston...McFadden, Cathryn Quantic Thurston, and Anny Wong. Building Partner Capabilities for Coalition Operations, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG

The Role of Interstate Policy Organizations in State Higher Education Policy Processes: Perceptions of Policymakers and Policy Shapers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michelau, Demaree K.

2010-01-01

Political science offers rich explanations for how different types of organizations that are focused on public policy decisions (e.g., boundary organizations, interest groups, policy networks (or communities), and think tanks) influence public policy processes (Cash, Clark, Alcock, Dickson, Eckley, Guston, Jager, and Mitchell 2003; Guston 2001;…

The Cultural Nature of Valued Skills: A Qualitative Investigation of Postsecondary Science Education and the "Skills Gap" in Wisconsin. WCER Working Paper No. 2016-06

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benbow, Ross J.; Hora, Matthew T.

2016-01-01

The narrative of the "skills gap," or the notion that the United States economy suffers because employers are not able to find job applicants with workplace-ready skills (e.g., American Society for Training and Development 2012), has become an influential rallying cry in higher education funding circles in recent years. It is with these…

Light Nonaqueous-Phase Liquid Weathering at Various Fuel Release Sites, 2003 Update

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-08-01

the survival of most soil microbes; and • Requirements for microbial proliferation (e.g., nutrients, terminal electron acceptors, pH, moisture...P.D. Boehm, M. Marchand, R.M. Atlas , D.M. Ward, and D.A. Wolfe. 1993. The Fate of Amoco Cadiz Oil. Science, Vol. 221, pp 122-129. Groundwater...Migration of Organic Fluids Immiscible. Pollutants in Porous Media, Ecological Studies. Vol 47, pp. 27-48. Springer-Verlag. New York. Seagren, E

From "sit and listen" to "shake it out yourself": Helping urban middle school students to bridge personal knowledge to scientific knowledge through a collaborative environmental justice curriculum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadeh, Shamu Fenyvesi

Science education and environmental education are not meeting the needs of marginalized communities such as urban, minority, and poor communities (Seller, 2001; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 1996). There exists an equity gap characterized by the racial and socioeconomic disparities in: levels of participation in scientific and environmental careers and environmental organizations (Lewis & James, 1995; Sheppard, 1995), access to appropriate environmental education programs (U.S. EPA, 1996), exposure to environmental toxins (Bullard, 1993), access to environmental amenities and legal protections (Bullard, 1993), and in grades and standardized test scores in K-12 science (Jencks & Phillips, 1998; Johnston & Viadero, 2000). Researchers point to the cultural divide between home and school culture as one of the reasons for the equity gap in science education (Barton, 2003; Delpit, 1995; Seiler, 2001). This study is designed to address the equity gap by helping students connect personal/cultural knowledge to scientific knowledge. A collaborative action research study was conducted in 8th-grade science classrooms of low-income African American and Latino students. The participating teacher and the researcher developed, enacted and evaluated a curriculum that elicited students' personal and cultural knowledge in the investigation of local community issues. Using qualitative methods, data were collected through student and teacher interviews, observation, and written documents. Data were analyzed to answer questions on student participation and learning, bridging between personal and scientific knowledge, and student empowerment. The most compelling themes from the data were described as parts of three stories: tensions between the empire of school and the small student nation, bridging between the two nations, and students gaining empowerment. This study found that the bridging the curriculum intended was successful in that many students brought personal knowledge to class and started to bring scientific knowledge into their personal worlds. Students translated between scientific language and their own language, displayed an understanding of community environmental health issues, and expressed a sense of empowerment as students and community members. Recommendations to science educators and researchers included: eliciting students' personal and cultural knowledge in the classroom, helping students to create new ways of participating in science, and engaging in collaborative research efforts.

Física e Arte nas Estações do Ano

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pessôa Queiroz, Glória; da Conceição Barbosa Lima, Maria; Navarro Vasconcellos das Mercês, Maria

2004-12-01

The paper deals with the subject of the Four Seasons, exploring elements of Science and the Art in order to motivate students or public of museums of science and technology to understand it from their current cultural experiences and of old times. Physics joins to Astronomy to explain the phenomenon, while the use of Music and Painting make possible the immersion in the subject in way to many trips to the imagination capable to awake emotions.A proposal didactic is presented and justified for some consensus of the research in the area of teaching-learning of science, since that related to the persistent alternative conceptions concerning the causes of the changes observed at the different times of the year until the qualitative modelling of phenomena that appeals three-dimensional pedagogical models. Such proposal was developed in the activity named " Hiper interesting Talk: The Four Seasons, Science and Art" in the first Sunday of August/2003 in the Museum of Astronomy, MAST. O artigo trata do tema das Estações do Ano, explorando elementos da Ciência e da Arte como forma de motivar estudantes ou público de museus de ciência e tecnologia a compreendê-lo a partir de vivências culturais atuais e de outras épocas. A Física se junta à Astronomia para explicar o fenômeno, enquanto a Música e a Pintura possibilitam a imersão no tema em meio a muitas viagens à imaginação capazes de despertar emoções.Uma proposta didática é apresentada e justificada por consensos das muitas pesquisas na área de ensino-aprendizagem de ciências, desde os que se referem às persistentes concepções alternativas acerca das causas das mudanças observadas nas diferentes épocas do ano até à modelagem qualitativa de fenômenos que recorre a modelos pedagógicos tridimensionais. Tal proposta foi desenvolvida na atividade "Bate papo Hiperinteressante: As Quatro Estações, Ciência e Arte" realizada no primeiro domingo do mês de agosto de 2003 no Museu de Astronomia.

32 CFR 2003.5 - Meetings (Article V).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Meetings (Article V). 2003.5 Section 2003.5...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.5 Meetings (Article V). (a) Purpose. The primary... out the functions listed in § 2003.3, Article III, of these bylaws. (b) Frequency. The Panel meets at...

32 CFR 2003.5 - Meetings (Article V).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Meetings (Article V). 2003.5 Section 2003.5...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.5 Meetings (Article V). (a) Purpose. The primary... out the functions listed in § 2003.3, Article III, of these bylaws. (b) Frequency. The Panel meets at...

Science and ecological literacy in undergraduate field studies education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mapp, Kim J.

There is an ever-increasing number of issues that face our world today; from climate change, water and food scarcity, to pollution and resource extraction. Science and ecology play fundamental roles in these problems, and yet the understanding of these fields is limited in our society (Miller, 2002; McBride, Brewer, Berkowitz, and Borrie, 2013). Across the nation students are finishing their undergraduate degrees and are expected to enter the workforce and society with the skills needed to succeed. The deficit of science and ecological literacy in these students has been recognized and a call for reform begun (D'Avanzo, 2003 and NRC, 2009). This mixed-methods study looked at how a field studies course could fill the gap of science and ecological literacy in undergraduates. Using grounded theory, five key themes were data-derived; definitions, systems thinking, human's role in the environment, impetus for change and transference. These themes where then triangulated for validity and reliability through qualitative and quantitative assessments. A sixth theme was also identified, the learning environment. Due to limited data to support this themes' development and reliability it is discussed in Chapter 5 to provide recommendations for further research. Key findings show that this field studies program influenced students' science and ecological literacy through educational theory and practice.

Archaeological Geophysics in Israel: Past, Present and Future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eppelbaum, L. V.

2009-04-01

Israel is a country with diverse and rapidly changeable environments where is localized a giant number of archaeological objects of various age, origin and size. The archaeological remains occur in a complex (multi-layered and variable) geological-archaeological media. It is obvious that direct archaeological excavations cannot be employed at all localized and supposed sites taking into account the financial, organizational, ecological and other reasons. Therefore, for delineation of buried archaeological objects, determination their physical-geometrical characteristics and classification, different geophysical methods are widely applied. The number of employed geophysical methodologies is constantly increasing and now Israeli territory may be considered as a peculiar polygon for various geophysical methods testing. The geophysical investigations at archaeological sites in Israel could be tentatively divided on three stages: (1) past [- 1990] (e.g., Batey, 1987; Ben-Menahem, 1979; Dolphin, 1981; Ginzburg and Levanon, 1977; Karcz et al., 1977; Karcz and Kafri, 1978; Tanzi et al., 1983; Shalem, 1949; Willis, 1928), (2) present [1991 - 2008] (e.g., Bauman et al., 2005; Ben-Dor et al., 1999; Ben-Yosef et al., 2008; Berkovitch et al., 2000; Borradaile, 2003; Boyce et al., 2004; Bruins et al., 2003; Daniels et al., 2003; Ellenblum et al., 1998; Eppelbaum, 1999, 2000a, 2000b, 2005, 2007a, 2007b, 2008b; Eppelbaum and Ben-Avraham, 2002; Eppelbaum and Itkis, 2000, 2001; 2003, 2009; Eppelbaum et al., 2000a, 2000b, 2001a, 2001b, 2003a, 2003b, 2004a, 2004b; 2005, 2006a, 2006b, 2006c, 2006d, 2007, 2009a, 2009b; Ezersky et al., 2000; Frumkin et al., 2003; Itkis and Eppelbaum, 1998; Itkis, 2003; Itkis et al., 2002, 2003, 2008; Jol et al., 2003, 2008; Kamai and Hatzor, 2007; Khesin et al., 1996; Korjenkov and Mazor, 1999; Laukin et al., 2001; McDermott et al., 1993; Marco, 2008; Marco et al., 2003; Nahas et al., 2006; Neishtadt et al., 2006; Nur and Ron, 1997; Paparo, 1991; Porat et al., 1999; Reeder et al., 2004; Reinhardt et al., 2006; Reich et al., 2003; Ron et al., 2003; Segal et al., 2003; Sternberg and Lass, 2007; Sternberg et al., 1999; Verri et al., 2004; Weiner et al., 1993; Weinstein-Evron et al., 1991, 2003; Weiss et al., 2007; Witten et al., 1994), and (3) future [2010 -]. The past stage with several archaeoseismic reviews and very limited application of geophysical methods was replaced by the present stage with the violent employment of numerous geophysical techniques (first of all, high-precise magnetic survey and GPR). It is supposed that the future stage will be characterized by extensive development of multidiscipline physical-archaeological databases (Eppelbaum et al., 2009b), utilization of supercomputers for 4D monitoring and ancient sites reconstruction (Foster et al., 2001; Pelfer et al., 2004) as well as wide application of geophysical surveys using remote operated vehicles at low altitudes (Eppelbaum, 2008a). REFERENCES Batey, R.A., 1987. Subsurface Interface Radar at Sepphoris, Israel 1985. Journal of Field Archaeology, 14 (1), 1-8. Bauman, P., Parker, D., Coren, A., Freund, R., and Reeder, P., 2005. Archaeological Reconnaissance at Tel Yavne, Israel: 2-D Electrical Imaging and Low Altitude Aerial Photography. CSEG Recorder, No. 6, 28-33. Ben-Dor, E., Portugali, J., Kochavi, M., Shimoni, M., and Vinitzky, L., 1999. Airborne thermal video radiometry and excavation planning at Tel Leviah, Golan Heights, Israel. Journal of Field Archaeology, 26 (2), 117-127. Ben-Menahem, A., 1979. Earthquake catalogue for the Middle East (92 B.C. - 1980 A.D.). Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata, 21 (84), 245-310. Ben-Yosef, E., Tauxe, L., Ronb, H., Agnon, A., Avner, U., Najjar, M., and Levy, T.E., 2008. A new approach for geomagnetic archaeointensity research: insights on ancient metallurgy in the Southern Levant. Journal of Archaeological Science, 25, 2863-2879. Berkovitch, A.L., Eppelbaum, L.V., and Basson, U., 2000. Application of multifocusing seismic processing to the GPR data analysis. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Hyatt Regency Crystal City, Arlington, USA, 597-606. Borradaile, G. J., 2003. Viscous magnetization, archaeology and Bayesian statistics of small samples from Israel and England. Geophysical Research Letters, 30 (10), 1528, doi:10.1029/2003GL016977. Boyce, J.I., Reinhardt, E.G., Raban, A., and Pozza, M.R., 2004. The utility of marine magnetic surveying for mapping buried hydraulic concrete harbour structures: Marine Magnetic Survey of a Submerged Roman Harbour, Caesarea Maritima, Israel. The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, 33, 1, 122-136. Bruins, H.J., van der Plicht, J., and Mazar, A., 2003. 14C dates from Tel-Rehov: Iron-age chronology, Pharaohs and Hebrew kings. Science, 300, 315-318. Daniels, J., Blumberg, D.J., Vulfson, L.D., Kotlyar, A.L., Freiliker, V., Ronen, G., and Ben-Asher, J., 2003. Microwave remote sensing of physically buried objects in the Negev Desert: implications for environmental research. Remote Sensing of Environment, 86, 243-256, 2003. Dolphin, L.T., 1981. Geophysical methods for archaeological surveys in Israel. Stanford Research International, Menlo Park, Calif., USA, 7 pp. Ellenblum, R., Marco, M., Agnon, A., Rockwell, T., and Boas, A., 1998. Crusader castle torn apart by earthquake at dawn, 20 May 1202. Geology, 26, No. 4, 303-306. Eppelbaum, L.V., 1999. Quantitative interpretation of resistivity anomalies using advanced methods developed in magnetic prospecting. Trans. of the XXIV General Assembly of the Europ. Geoph. Soc., Strasburg 1 (1), p.166. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2000a. Detailed geophysical investigations at archaeological sites. In: (Ed. A. Nissenbaum), Relation between archaeology and other scientific disciplines, Collection of Papers, Weitzman Inst., Rehovot, Israel, No.8, 39-54 (in Hebrew). Eppelbaum, L.V., 2000b. Applicability of geophysical methods for localization of archaeological targets: An introduction. Geoinformatics, 11, No.1, 19-28. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2005. Multilevel observations of magnetic field at archaeological sites as additional interpreting tool. Proceed. of the 6th Conference of Archaeological Prospection, Roma, Italy, 4 pp. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2007a. Localization of Ring Structures in Earth's Environments. Proceed. of the 7th Conference of Archaeological Prospection. Nitra, Slovakia, 145-148. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2007b. Revealing of subterranean karst using modern analysis of potential and quasi-potential fields. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Denver, USA, 797-810. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2008a. Remote operated vehicle geophysical survey using magnetic and VLF methods: proposed schemes for data processing and interpretation. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Philadelphia, USA, 938-963. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2008b. On the application of near-surface temperature investigations for delineation of archaeological targets. Trans. of the 1st International Workshop on Advances in Remote Sensing for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Management, Rome, Italy, 179-183. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2009. Application of microgravity at archaeological sites in Israel: some estimation derived from 3D modeling and quantitative analysis of gravity field. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Denver, USA, 10 pp. Eppelbaum, L. and Ben-Avraham, Z., 2002. On the development of 4D geophysical Data Base of archaeological sites in Israel. Trans. of the Conf. of the Israel Geol. Soc. Ann. Meet., MaHagan - Lake Kinneret, Israel, p.21. Eppelbaum, L., Ben-Avraham, Z., and Itkis, S., 2003a. Ancient Roman Remains in Israel provide a challenge for physical-archaeological modeling techniques. First Break, 21 (2), 51-61. Eppelbaum, L.V., Ben-Avraham, Z., and Itkis, S.E., 2003b. Integrated geophysical investigations at the Halutza archaeological site. Proceed. of the 64 EAGE Conf., Florence, Italy, P151, 4 pp. Eppelbaum, L., Ben-Avraham, Z., Itkis, S., and Kouznetsov, S., 2001a. First results of self-potential method application at archaeological sites in Israel. Trans. of the EUG XI Intern. Symp., Strasbourg, France, p. 657. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Itkis, S.E., 2000. Magnetic investigations in the Proto-Historic site to the east of Tel Megiddo. In: (Eds. I. Finkelstein, D. Ussishkin and B. Halpern), Monograph Series of the Inst. of Archaeology, Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, "Megiddo III", Monogr. Ser. No. 18, 504-514. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Itkis, S.E., 2001. Detailed magnetic investigations at the ancient Roman site Banias II (northern Israel). Proceed. of the 1st Intern Symp. on Soil and Archaeology, Szazhalombatta, Hungary, 13-16. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Itkis, S.E., 2003. Geophysical examination of the Christian archaeological site Emmaus-Nicopolis (central Israel). Collection of Papers of the XIX CIPA Conf. "New Perspectives to Save the Cultural Heritage", Antalya, Turkey, 395-400. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., Fleckenstein, K.-H., and Fleckenstein, L., 2007. Latest results of geophysical-archaeological investigations at the Christian archaeological site Emmaus-Nicopolis (central Israel). Proceed. of the 69th EAGE Conference, P118, London, Great Britain, 5 pp. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., and Gopher A., 2009a. Interpreting magnetic data at Nahal Zehora II. In: (Ed. A. Gopher), Monograph Series of the Inst. of Archaeology, Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, "Archaeological investigations at the sites of Nahal-Zehora", Monogr. Ser. No. 19. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., and Khesin, B.E., 2000a. Optimization of magnetic investigations in the archaeological sites in Israel, In: Special Issue of Prospezioni Archeologiche "Filtering, Modeling and Interpretation of Geophysical Fields at Archaeological Objects", 65-92. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis S.E., and Khesin, B.E., 2004a. Initial visualization of magnetic survey results at the Prehistoric archaeological sites in Israel. Proceed. of the 5th Intern. Symp. on Eastern Mediterranean Geology. Thessaloniki, Greece, Vol. 2, 747-750. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., and Khesin, B.E., 2005. Magnetic survey at the Prehistoric archaeological sites in Israel. Proceed. of the 67th EAGE Conf., P331, Madrid, Spain, 4 pp. Eppelbaum, L., Itkis, S., and Khesin, B., 2006a. Detailed magnetic survey unmasks Prehistoric archaeological sites in Israel. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Calgary, Canada, 1366-1373. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., and Petrov, A.V., 2000b. Physics and archaeology: magnetic field as a reliable tool for searching ancient remains in Israel. Scientific Israel, No. 2, 68-78. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Khesin, B.E., 2001. Disturbing factors in geophysical investigations at archaeological sites and ways of their elimination. Trans. of the IV Conf. on Archaeological Prospection, Vienna, Austria, 99-101. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2001b. Prompt magnetic investigations of archaeological remains in areas of infrastructure development: Israeli experience. Archaeological Prospection, 8 (3), 163-185. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2006b. Some peculiarities of geophysical investigations at archaeological sites in Israel. Russian Archaeology, No. 1, 59-70. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2006c. Modern geophysical methodologies as reliable tool for reducing risk of archaeological heritage destruction. Trans. of the Intern. Conf. on Mathematical Geophysics, Sea of Galilee, Israel, p. 35. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2009b. Archaeological geophysics in arid environments: Examples from Israel. Journal of Arid Environments (in Press). Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., Itkis S.E., and Ben-Avraham, Z., 2004b. Advanced analysis of self-potential data in ore deposits and archaeological sites. Proceed. of the 10th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 4 pp. Ezersky, M., Goldman, M., Bar-Matthews, M., and Ayalon, A., 2000. Geoelectric investigation of the Soreq Cave area in Israel. Proceed. of the EAGE/EEGS 6th Meetings, Bochum, Germany, PCD01, 2 pp. Foster, I., Kesselman, C., and Tueke, S., 2001. The anatomy of the grid. Enabling scalable virtual organization. Intl. J. Supercomputer Applications, 15, No.3, 200-222. Frumkin, A., Shimron, A., and Rosenbaum, J., 2003. Radiometric dating of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem. Letters to Nature, 425, 169-171. Ginzburg, A. and Levanon, A., 1977. Direct current resistivity measurements in archaeology. Geoexploration, 15, 47-56. Itkis, S.E., 2003. Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements of Soil: A Diagnostic Tool for Location Human Activity Areas. In: (H. Khalaily and O. Marder, Eds.) The Neolithic Site of Abu Ghosh: The 1995 Excavations, Chapter 14, (IAA Reports 19), Jerusalem, 129-131. Itkis, S.E. and Eppelbaum, L.V., 1998. First results of magnetic prospecting application at the Prehistoric sites of Israel. Journal of the Prehistoric Society of Israel, 28, 177-187. Itkis, S., Feinstein, S., and Khesin, B., 2008. Archaeomagnetic provinces in Israel as a basis for magnetic prospecting of archaeological sites. Proceed. of the 14th Near-Surface Europ. Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, Krakow, Poland, 5 pp. Itkis, S., Khesin, B., Eppelbaum, L., and Khalaily, H., 2003. The Natufian site of Eynan (Hula valley, northern Israel): Magnetic prospecting reveals new features. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, 52 (3-4), 209-219. Itkis, S., Khesin, B., and Feinstein, S., 2002. Detailed magnetic prospecting at archaeological sites of Israel - complications and physical-srchaeological models. Proceed. of the 64th EAGE Annual Conf., Florence, Italy, 4 pp. Jol, H.M., Broshi, M., and Eshel, H., 2003. GPR investigations at Qumran, Israel: site of the Dead Sea Scrolls discovery. Proceed. of SPIE Conf., 4758, Santa-Barbara, USA, 125-129. Jol, H.M., Freund, R.A., Darawsha, M., Bauman, P.D., Nahas, S., Reeder, P., Savage, K., and Syon, D., 2008. Nazareth excavations project: A GPR perspective. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Philadelphia, USA, 1407-1413. Kamai, R. and Hatzor, Y.H., 2007. Numerical analysis of block stone displacements in ancient masonry structures: A new method to estimate historic ground motions. Intern. Jour. for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 32, 1321-1340. Karcz, I. and Kafri, U., 1978. Evaluation of supposed archaeoseismic damage in Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science, 5, No. 3, 237-253. Karcz, I., Kafri, U., and Meshel, Z., 1977. Archaeological evidence for subrecent seismic activity along the Dead Sea-Jordan Rift. Nature, 269, 234-235. Khesin, B.E., Alexeyev, V.V., and Eppelbaum, L.V., 1996. Interpretation of Geophysical Fields in Complicated Environments. Kluwer Academic Publishers (Springer), Ser.: Modern Approaches in Geophysics, Boston - Dordrecht - London. Korjenkov, A.M. and Mazor, E., 1999. Seismogenic origin of the ancient Avdat ruins, Negev Desert, Israel. Natural Hazards, 18, 193-226. Laukhin, S.S., Ronen, A., Pospelova, G.A., Sharonova, Z.V., Ranov, V.A., Burdukiewicz, J.M., Volgina V.A., and Tsatskin, A., 2001. New data on the geology and geochronology of the Lower Palaeolithic site Bizat Ruhama in the Southern Levant. Paleorient, 27 (1), 69-80. McDermott, F., Grün, R., Stringer C.B., and Hawkesworth, C.J., 1993. Mass-spectrometric U-series dates for Israeli Neanderthal/early modern human sites. Nature, 363, 252-255. Marco, S., 2008. Recognition of earthquake-related damage in archaeological sites: Examples from the Dead Sea fault zone. Tectonophysics, 453, No. 1-4, 122-147. Marco, S., Hartal, M., Hazan, N., Lev, L., and Stein, M., 2003. Archaeology, History, and geology of the A.D. 749 earthquake, Dead Sea transform. Geology, 31 (8), 665-668. Nahas, C., Bauman, P., Jol, H., Reeder, P., and Freund, R., 2006. Geophysical investigations at coastal archaeological sites in Israel. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Seattle, Washington, 1397-1406. Neishtadt, N.M., Eppelbaum, L.V., and Levitski, A.G., 2006. Application of seismo-electric phenomena in exploration geophysics: Review of Russian and Israeli experience. Geophysics, 71 (2), B41-B53. Nur, A. and Ron, H., 1997. Armageddon's earthquake. International Geology Review, 39, No. 6, 532-541. Paparo, H., 1991. Temperature study of the archaeological site Crusades Fortress Um Haled (Netanya). Trans. of the Conf. of Israel Geol. Soc., Annual Meeting, Akko, Israel, p. 77. Pelfer, P.G., Barcelo, J.A., McDonaill, C., and Pelfer, G., 2004. ArchaeoGRID, a GRID for archaeology. Proceed. of the IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. Conf., 4, 2095-2099. Porat, N., Zhou, L.P., Chazan, M., Noy, T., and Horwitz, L.K., 1999. Dating the lower Paleolithic open-air site of Holon, Israel, by luminescence and ESR techniques. Quaternary Research, 51, 328-341. Reeder, P., Jol, H., Bauman, P., and Freund, R., 2004. Multidisciplinary research at the Cave of Letters, Israel: a melding of physical and social sciences. Proceed. of Trans-Karst Intern. Transdisciplinary Conf. on Development and Conservation of Karst Regions, Ha Noi, Vietnam, 181-184. Reich, S., Leitus, G., and Shalev, S., 2003. Measurement of corrosion content of archaeological lead artifacts by their Meissner response in the superconducting state; a new dating method. New Journal of Physics, 5, 991-999, 2003. Reinhardt, E.G., Goodman, B.N., Boyce, J.I., Lopez, G., van Hengstum, P., Rink, W.J., Mart, Y., and Raban, A., 2006. The tsunami of 13 December A.D. 115 and the destruction of Herod the Great's harbor at Caesarea Maritima, Israel. Geology, 34, No. 12, 1061-1064. Ron, H., Porat, N., Ronen, A., Tchernov, E., and Horwitz, L., 2003. Magnetostratigraphy of the Evron Member - implications for the age of the Middle Acheulian site of Evron Quarry. Journal of Human Evolution, 44, 633-639. Segal, Y., Marco, S., and Ellenblum, R., 2003. Intensity and direction of the geomagnetic field in 24 August, 1179 measured in Vadum Iacob (Ateret) Crusader Fortress, northern Israel. Israel Jour. Earth Sci., 52, 203-208. Shalem, N., 1949. Earthquakes in Jerusalem. Jerushalaim, 1, 22-54 (in Hebrew). Sternberg, R. and Lass, E. H.E., 2007. An archaeomagnetic study of two hearths from Kebara Cave, Israel. In: (O. Bar-Yosef and L. Meignen, eds.) Kebara Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel: The Middle and Upper Paleolithic Archaeology, Part I, American School of Prehistoric Research, Bull. 49, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, 123-130. Sternberg, R., Lass, E., Marion, E., Katari, K., and Holbrook, M., 1999. Anomalous archaeomagnetic directions and site formation processes at archaeological sites in Israel. Geoarchaeology, 14 (5), 415-439. Tanzi, J.D., Vickers, R.S., and Burns, P.L., 1983. Application of electrical resistivity techniques to archaeological surveys. Proceed. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1-3. Verri, G. Barkai, R., Bordeanu, C., Gopher, A., Hass, M., Kaufman, A., Kubik, P., Montanari, E., Paul, M., Ronen, A., Weiner, S., and Boaretto, E., 2004. Flint mining in prehistory recorded by in situ-produced cosmogenic 10Be. Proceed. of the National Academy of Sciences (USA), 101, No. 21, 7880-7884. Weinstein-Evron, M., Mart, Y., and Beck, A., 1991. Geophysical investigations in the el-Wad Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel. Geoarchaeology, 6, 355-365. Weiner, S., Goldberg, P., and Bar-Yosef, O., 1993. Bone preparation in Kebara cave, Israel using on-site Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. Journal of Archaeological Science, 20, 613-627. Weinstein-Evron, M., Beck, A., and Ezersky, M., 2003. Geophysical investigations in the service of Mount Carmel (Israel) prehistoric research. Journal of Archaeological Science, 30, 1331-1341. Willis, B., 1928. Earthquakes in the Holy Land. Bull. of Seismol. Soc. of America, 18, 73-103. Weiss, E., Ginzburg, B., Cohen, T.R., Zafrir, H. Alimi, R. Salomonski, N., and Shatvit, J., 2007. High resolution marine magnetic survey of shallow water littoral area. Sensors, 7, 1697-1712. Witten, A.J., Levy, T.E., Ursic, J., and White, P., 1994. Geophysical diffraction tomography: New views on the Shiqmim prehistoric subterranean village site (Israel). Geoarchaeology, 10 (2), 97-118.

48 CFR 2003.101-3 - Agency regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Agency regulations. 2003.101-3 Section 2003.101-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION GENERAL IMPROPER BUSINESS PRACTICES AND PERSONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Safeguards 2003.101-3 Agency regulations...

48 CFR 2003.101-3 - Agency regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Agency regulations. 2003.101-3 Section 2003.101-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION GENERAL IMPROPER BUSINESS PRACTICES AND PERSONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST Safeguards 2003.101-3 Agency regulations...

Building a Semantic Framework for eScience

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Movva, S.; Ramachandran, R.; Maskey, M.; Li, X.

2009-12-01

The e-Science vision focuses on the use of advanced computing technologies to support scientists. Recent research efforts in this area have focused primarily on “enabling” use of infrastructure resources for both data and computational access especially in Geosciences. One of the existing gaps in the existing e-Science efforts has been the failure to incorporate stable semantic technologies within the design process itself. In this presentation, we describe our effort in designing a framework for e-Science built using Service Oriented Architecture. Our framework provides users capabilities to create science workflows and mine distributed data. Our e-Science framework is being designed around a mass market tool to promote reusability across many projects. Semantics is an integral part of this framework and our design goal is to leverage the latest stable semantic technologies. The use of these stable semantic technologies will provide the users of our framework the useful features such as: allow search engines to find their content with RDFa tags; create RDF triple data store for their content; create RDF end points to share with others; and semantically mash their content with other online content available as RDF end point.

The Junior Science and Humanities Symposium: Management and Operation, 2002-2003.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlenker, Richard M.

This document provides the administrative, management, and supervisory guidance necessary to successfully conduct and support grades 7-12 science symposia. It was developed as the operations manual for the Pacific Region Junior Science and Humanities Symposium (PJSHS) program for 2002-2003 which is an 10-month, precollege student research program…

15 CFR 2003.0 - Office, mailing address, telephone number, and hours.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Office, mailing address, telephone number, and hours. 2003.0 Section 2003.0 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade... the Committee is (202) 395-3395. (d) The regular hours of the office of the Committee are from 9 a.m...

32 CFR 2003.4 - Membership (Article IV).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Membership (Article IV). 2003.4 Section 2003.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.4 Membership (Article IV). (a) Member organizations...

32 CFR 2003.4 - Membership (Article IV).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Membership (Article IV). 2003.4 Section 2003.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.4 Membership (Article IV). (a) Member organizations...

32 CFR 2003.1 - Purpose (Article I).

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... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Purpose (Article I). 2003.1 Section 2003.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.1 Purpose (Article I). The Interagency Security...

32 CFR 2003.1 - Purpose (Article I).

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2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Purpose (Article I). 2003.1 Section 2003.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.1 Purpose (Article I). The Interagency Security...

Crew Earth Observations (CEO) taken during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-02-01

ISS006-E-28016 (February 2003) --- The Coal Sack Nebula (bottom center), the Southern Cross (lower right), and the two prominent stars in the upper left, which are the two prominent stars of the southern constellation Centaurus, are visible in this view photographed by astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, on board the International Space Station (ISS).

Cyber Situation Awareness through Instance-Based Learning: Modeling the Security Analyst in a Cyber-Attack Scenario

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: cust@igi-global.com Web site: http://www.igi-global.com Copyright © 2011...Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Anderson, J. R., & Lebiere, C. (2003). The New- ell test for a theory of mind. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26(5

Duque works at the MSG for PromISS 2 in the Lab during Expedition Seven / 8 OPS

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-27

ISS008-E-05015 (27 October 2003) --- European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain works with the Cervantes mission experiment PROMISS in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment will investigate the growth processes of proteins in weightless conditions.

Duque works at the MSG for PromISS 2 in the Lab during Expedition Seven / 8 OPS

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-27

ISS008-E-05029 (27 October 2003) --- European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut Pedro Duque of Spain works with the Cervantes mission experiment PROMISS in the Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG) in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). This experiment will investigate the growth processes of proteins in weightless conditions.

Foale performs potable water analysis OPS in the SM during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-11-07

ISS008-E-05553 (7 November 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, floats in front of the galley in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS) as he fills a Crew Healthcare System (CheCSS) Water Microbiology (WMK) in-flight analysis bag from the potable warter dispenser.

Forensic Discrimination of 25 Isolates of Burkholderia mallei

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-01

Intraperitoneal Glanders ( Burkholderia mallei ). Vet. Pathol. 2000, 37, pp 626-636. 11. Neubauer, H.; Meyer, H.; Finke, E.-J. Human Glanders ...Agents of Melioidosis and Glanders , Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei . J. Clin. Microbiol. 2003, 41(5), pp 2068-2079. 20. Srinivasan, A... BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI Steven P. Harvey RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE Jennifer M. Minter BATTELLE EASTERN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER Aberdeen, MD

Achievement-Related within-School Socioeconomic Gaps in Science Subjects in China: Evidence on Existence, Consistency, and Compensation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ma, Xin; Yuan, Jing; Luo, Xingkai

2016-01-01

Using data from the 2011 (Chinese) Student Academic Achievement Evaluation, we examined whether within-school socioeconomic gaps in science achievement exist across science subjects, how consistent they are, and whether there are relationships between school average science achievement and within-school socioeconomic gaps in science achievement.…

32 CFR 2003.2 - Authority (Article II).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Authority (Article II). 2003.2 Section 2003.2 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.2 Authority (Article II). ISCAP was established by...

32 CFR 2003.8 - Records (Article VIII).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Records (Article VIII). 2003.8 Section 2003.8 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.8 Records (Article VIII). (a) Integrity of ISCAP...

32 CFR 2003.2 - Authority (Article II).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Authority (Article II). 2003.2 Section 2003.2 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.2 Authority (Article II). ISCAP was established by...

32 CFR 2003.3 - Functions (Article III).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Functions (Article III). 2003.3 Section 2003.3 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.3 Functions (Article III). In carrying out its purpose...

32 CFR 2003.3 - Functions (Article III).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Functions (Article III). 2003.3 Section 2003.3 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.3 Functions (Article III). In carrying out its purpose...

32 CFR 2003.8 - Records (Article VIII).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Records (Article VIII). 2003.8 Section 2003.8 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.8 Records (Article VIII). (a) Integrity of ISCAP...

47 CFR 1.2003 - Applications affected.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Applications affected. 1.2003 Section 1.2003 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION GENERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE Implementation of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 § 1.2003 Applications affected. The certification required by § 1.2002 must be filed...

AMSR Validation Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lobl, E. S.

2003-12-01

AMSR and AMSR-E are passive microwave radiometers built by NASDA in Japan. AMSR flies on ADEOS II, launched December 14 2001, and AMSR-E flies on NASA's Aqua satellite, launched May 4 2001. The Science teams in both countries have developed algorithms to retrieve different atmospheric parameters from the data obtained by these radiometers. The US Science team has developed a Validation plan that involved several campaigns. In fact most of these campaign have taken place this year: 2003, nicknamed the "Golden Year" for AMSR Validation. The first campaign started in January 2003 with the Extra-tropical precipitation campaign, followed by IOP3 for Cold Lands Processes Experiment (CLPX) in Colorado. After the change out of some of the instruments, the Validation program continued with the Arctic Sea Ice campaign based in Alaska, and followed by CLPX IOP 4, back in Colorado. Soil Moisture EXperiment 03 (SMEX03) started in late June in Alabama and Georgia, and then completed in Oklahoma mid-July. The last campaign in this series is AMSR Antarctic Sea Ice (AASI)/SMEX in Brazil. The major goals of each campaign, and very preliminary data will be shown. Most of these campaigns were in collaboration with the Japanese AMSR scientists.

Implementations of the CC'01 Human-Computer Interaction Guidelines Using Bloom's Taxonomy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manaris, Bill; Wainer, Michael; Kirkpatrick, Arthur E.; Stalvey, RoxAnn H.; Shannon, Christine; Leventhal, Laura; Barnes, Julie; Wright, John; Schafer, J. Ben; Sanders, Dean

2007-01-01

In today's technology-laden society human-computer interaction (HCI) is an important knowledge area for computer scientists and software engineers. This paper surveys existing approaches to incorporate HCI into computer science (CS) and such related issues as the perceived gap between the interests of the HCI community and the needs of CS…

Structural phase transition, narrow band gap, and room-temperature ferromagnetism in [KNbO{sub 3}]{sub 1−x}[BaNi{sub 1/2}Nb{sub 1/2}O{sub 3−δ}]{sub x} ferroelectrics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Wenliang; Yang, Pingxiong, E-mail: pxyang@ee.ecnu.edu.cn; Chu, Junhao

2014-09-15

Structural phase transition, narrow band gap (E{sub g}), and room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) have been observed in the [KNbO{sub 3}]{sub 1−x}[BaNi{sub 1/2}Nb{sub 1/2}O{sub 3−δ}]{sub x} (KBNNO) ceramics. All the samples have single phase perovskite structure, but exhibit a gradual transition behaviour from the orthorhombic to a cubic structure with the increase of x. Raman spectroscopy analysis not only corroborates this doping-induced change in normal structure but also shows the local crystal symmetry for x ≥ 0.1 compositions to deviate from the idealized cubic perovskite structure. A possible mechanism for the observed specific changes in lattice structure is discussed. Moreover, it ismore » noted that KBNNO with compositions x = 0.1–0.3 have quite narrow E{sub g} of below 1.5 eV, much smaller than the 3.2 eV band gap of parent KNbO{sub 3} (KNO), which is due to the increasing Ni 3d electronic states within the gap of KNO. Furthermore, the KBNNO materials present RTFM near a tetragonal to cubic phase boundary. With increasing x from 0 to 0.3, the magnetism of the samples develops from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism and paramagnetism, originating from the ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic competition. These results are helpful in the deeper understanding of phase transitions, band gap tunability, and magnetism variations in perovskite oxides and show the potential role, such materials can play, in perovskite solar cells and multiferroic applications.« less

Diverse Students, High School Factors, and Completion Agenda Goals: An Analysis of the Illinois Class of 2003

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blankenberger, Bob; Lichtenberger, Eric; Witt, M. Allison; Franklin, Doug

2017-01-01

Illinois education policymakers have adopted the completion agenda that emphasizes increasing postsecondary credential attainment. Meeting completion agenda goals necessitates addressing the achievement gap. To aid in developing policy to support improved completion, this study analyzes a comprehensive statewide dataset of the 2003 Illinois high…

Electromagnetic Inverse Problems Involving Distributions of Dielectric Mechanisms and Parameters

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-08-17

0220 and in part by the National Institute of Aerospace (NIA) and NASA under grant NIA/NCSU-03-01-2536-NC. The authors would like to thank Dr. Richard...Albanese of the AFRL, Brooks AFB, and Dr. William P. Winfree, NASA Langley Research Center, for their valuable comments and suggestions during the...foods investigated by time-domain reflectometry , J. Food Science 68 (2003), 1396-1403. [46] P.G. Petropoulos, On the time-domain response of Cole-Cole

Strategies for Closing the ITRS Funding Gap

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-08-01

The semiconductor industry needs to find creative ways to close the $1.1 – 1.5B research gap , first noted in 2003, between the funding being...2008 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2008 to 00-00-2008 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Strategies for Closing the ITRS Funding Gap 5a. CONTRACT...Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18 STRATEGIES FOR CLOSING THE ITRS FUNDING GAP # Yaw S. Obeng, Stephen Knight, and Joaquin V. Martinez de

20 CFR 200.3 - Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board. 200.3 Section 200.3 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD GENERAL ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ADMINISTRATION § 200.3 Obtaining forms from the Railroad Retirement Board. Forms used by the Board, including...

32 CFR 2003.6 - Voting (Article VI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Voting (Article VI). 2003.6 Section 2003.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.6 Voting (Article VI). (a) Motions. When the Panel is...

32 CFR 2003.6 - Voting (Article VI).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Voting (Article VI). 2003.6 Section 2003.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense INFORMATION SECURITY OVERSIGHT OFFICE...) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.6 Voting (Article VI). (a) Motions. When the Panel is...

32 CFR 2003.7 - Support Staff (Article VII).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Support Staff (Article VII). 2003.7 Section 2003... (ISCAP) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.7 Support Staff (Article VII). The staff of..., provides program and administrative support for the Panel. The Executive Secretary supervises the staff in...

32 CFR 2003.7 - Support Staff (Article VII).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Support Staff (Article VII). 2003.7 Section 2003... (ISCAP) BYLAWS, RULES, AND APPEAL PROCEDURES Bylaws § 2003.7 Support Staff (Article VII). The staff of..., provides program and administrative support for the Panel. The Executive Secretary supervises the staff in...

Transport Gap Opening and High On-Off Current Ratio in Trilayer Graphene with Self-Aligned Nanodomain Boundaries.

PubMed

Wu, Han-Chun; Chaika, Alexander N; Huang, Tsung-Wei; Syrlybekov, Askar; Abid, Mourad; Aristov, Victor Yu; Molodtsova, Olga V; Babenkov, Sergey V; Marchenko, D; Sánchez-Barriga, Jaime; Mandal, Partha Sarathi; Varykhalov, Andrei Yu; Niu, Yuran; Murphy, Barry E; Krasnikov, Sergey A; Lübben, Olaf; Wang, Jing Jing; Liu, Huajun; Yang, Li; Zhang, Hongzhou; Abid, Mohamed; Janabi, Yahya T; Molotkov, Sergei N; Chang, Ching-Ray; Shvets, Igor

2015-09-22

Trilayer graphene exhibits exceptional electronic properties that are of interest both for fundamental science and for technological applications. The ability to achieve a high on-off current ratio is the central question in this field. Here, we propose a simple method to achieve a current on-off ratio of 10(4) by opening a transport gap in Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene. We synthesized Bernal-stacked trilayer graphene with self-aligned periodic nanodomain boundaries (NBs) on the technologically relevant vicinal cubic-SiC(001) substrate and performed electrical measurements. Our low-temperature transport measurements clearly demonstrate that the self-aligned periodic NBs can induce a charge transport gap greater than 1.3 eV. More remarkably, the transport gap of ∼0.4 eV persists even at 100 K. Our results show the feasibility of creating new electronic nanostructures with high on-off current ratios using graphene on cubic-SiC.

United States Air Force Statistical Digest, Fiscal Year 1958. Thirteenth Edition

DTIC Science & Technology

1958-09-30

2~ per cent in Teclm1C:al.S~ial.t{es, 24 per ’cent in semi-technical speci~ tiea , and II .per cent are in reporting codes. They occupy 22 per cent of...School Or College 5.6 0.6 1,5 4.0 11.6 6.0 16 Peel That Penonal Freedom 18 LIflited Too Much. ............ 2.2 - 2.2 - ,., 2.5:1 Don’t Uke Mil1tary r.rre...1,545 Rev Hampshire ",6 󈨦 󈨢 ,84 Nev Jersey . 1,835 1,795, 1,856 1,857 Nev Mexico. 4,159 4,000 4,194 4,269 Nev York. 12,564 11,490 11,544 11,715

Exploring racial differences in the obesity gender gap.

PubMed

Seamans, Marissa J; Robinson, Whitney R; Thorpe, Roland J; Cole, Stephen R; LaVeist, Thomas A

2015-06-01

To investigate whether the gender gap in obesity prevalence is greater among U.S. blacks than whites in a study designed to account for racial differences in socioeconomic and environmental conditions. We estimated age-adjusted, race-stratified gender gaps in obesity (% female obese - % male obese, defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)) in the National Health Interview Survey 2003 and the Exploring Health Disparities in Integrated Communities-Southwest Baltimore 2003 study (EHDIC-SWB). EHDIC-SWB is a population-based survey of 1381 adults living in two urban, low-income, racially integrated census tracts with no race difference in income. In the National Health Interview Survey, the obesity gender gap was larger in blacks than whites as follows: 7.7 percentage points (ppts; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.4-11.9) in blacks versus -1.5 ppts (95% CI: -2.8 to -0.2) in whites. In EHDIC-SWB, the gender gap was similarly large for blacks and whites as follows: 15.3 ppts (95% CI: 8.6-22.0) in blacks versus 14.0 ppts (95% CI: 7.1-20.9) in whites. In a racially integrated, low-income urban community, gender gaps in obesity prevalence were similar for blacks and whites. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

SMART-1 New Results from 2009-2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foing, Bernard

2010-05-01

We present highlights and new SMART-1 results published or obtained in 2009-2010 that are relevant for lunar science and future exploration, in relation with subsequent missions and future landers. SMART-1 is the first of ESA's Small Missions for Advanced Research and Technology [1,2,3]. Its prime objective has been achieved to demonstrate Solar Electric missions (such as Bepi-Colombo) and to test new technologies for spacecraft and instruments. The SMART-1 spacecraft was launched in 2003, as Ariane-5 auxiliary passenger, and reached on 15 March 2005 a lunar orbit 400-3000 km for a nominal science period of six months, with 1 year extension until impact on 3 September 2006. New SMART-1 lunar science and exploration results since 2009 include: - Multiangular photometry of Mare regions allowing to model scattering in planetary regoliths - The study of specific regions at different phase angles allowed to detect variations in regolith roughness - Lunar North and South polar maps and repeated high resolution images have been obtained, giving a monitoring of illumination to study potential sites relevant for future exploration. This permitted to identify SMART-1 peaks of quasi-eternal light and to derive their topography. - The SMART-1 archive observations have been used to support Kaguya, Chandrayaan-1, Chang'E 1, the US Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, the LCROSS impact, and to prepare subsequent landers and future human activities and lunar bases. References: [1] Foing, B. et al (2001) Earth Moon Planets, 85, 523 . [2] Racca, G.D. et al. (2002) Earth Moon Planets, 85, 379. [3] Racca, G.D. et al. (2002) PSS, 50, 1323. [4] Grande, M. et al. (2003) PSS, 51, 427. [5] Dunkin, S. et al. (2003) PSS, 51, 435. [6] Huovelin, J. et al. (2002) PSS, 50, 1345. [7] Shkuratov, Y. et al (2003) JGRE 108, E4, 1. [8] Foing, B.H. et al (2003) Adv. Space Res., 31, 2323. [9] Grande, M. et al (2007) PSS 55, 494. [10] Pinet, P. et al (2005) PSS, 53, 1309. [11] Josset J.L. et al (2006) Adv Space Res, 37, 14. [12] Foing B.H. et al (2006) Adv Space Res, 37, 6. Co-authors: B.H. Foing, B. Grieger, D. Koschny, J.-L. Josset, S. Beauvivre, V. Kaydash, Y. Shkuratov, K. Muinonen, U. Mall, A. Nathues, B. Kellett, P. Pinet, S. Chevrel, P. Cerroni, M.C. de Sanctis, M.A. Barucci, S. Erard, D. Despan, V. Shevchenko, S. Peters, A. Borst, F. Bexkens, M. Almeida, D. Frew, J.Volp, D. Heather, SMART1 Science Technology Working Team, ESTEC/SRE-S, postbus 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, NL, Europe

Removing the Rose Colored Glasses: Exploring Modern Security Environment’s Effect on the Army Assignment Policy for Women

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-12

OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE General Studies by KAREN J. DILL, MAJ, USA M.A.E.D., University of Phoenix , Hampton, Virginia, 2005 B.A...policy areas or gaps that require clarification or revision in light of the 21st century security environment and the changes in Army structure, doctrine...researcher identified policy gaps by determining how verbiage is understood in light of the modern OE and Army organization and tactics changes. The

The very surface states on GaAs(001) surface by means of electronic and optical techniques

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Placidi, Ernesto

2004-03-01

Until now, Reflectance-Anisotropy Spectroscopy (RAS) in the visible has been the most used technique to quantify the anisotropy of these surfaces [1]. Low-energy electrons are believed to perturb more than photons and have not been employed to this purpose, despite their shorter penetration depth. In our presentation we show experimental results of High-Resolution Electron-Energy-Loss Spectroscopy (HREELS) applied to investigate the anisotropy of the GaAs(001)-c(4x4) and beta2(2x4) surfaces. We demonstrate the higher surface sensitivity of HREELS compared to RAS. Measurements are performed on high-quality samples grown in situ by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). The loss spectra taken in the two orthogonal surface directions have different intensities, particularly close to the fundamental gap, where surface like resonances, involving dimers, are observed. We discuss our HREELS and RAS data to identify the source of the anisotropy close to the critical point transitions where surface and bulk like excitations coexist. Our data are in very good agreement with DFT-LDA calculations for loss energies up to 3.5 eV [2]. The exposure of the reconstructed surfaces to molecular oxygen affects strongly the spectral features. [1] D.E.Aspnes, J.P.Harbison, A.A.Studna, L.T.Florez, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 (1987) 1687; I.Kamiya, D.E.Aspnes, L.T.Florez, and J.T.Harbison, Phys. Rev. B 46 (1992) 15894. [2] A.Balzarotti, F.Arciprete, M.Fanfoni, F.Patella, E. Placidi, G.Onida, R.Del Sole, Surf. Sci. Lett. 524, L71 (2003); A.Balzarotti, E.Placidi, F.Arciprete, M.Fanfoni, F.Patella, Physical Review B, 67 115332 (2003); F.Arciprete, C. Goletti, E. Placidi, M.Fanfoni, F.Patella, P. Chiaradia, C. Hogan and A. Balzarotti, Phys. Rev. B 68 125328 (2003).

32 CFR 2003.10 - Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X). 2003.10 Section 2003.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating... Bylaws § 2003.10 Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X...

32 CFR 2003.10 - Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X). 2003.10 Section 2003.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating... Bylaws § 2003.10 Approval, amendment, and publication of bylaws, rules, and procedures (Article X...

The Junior Science & Humanities Symposium: Management and Operations, 2003-2004. Theme--Atmosphere--The Other Ocean.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schlenker, Richard M.

This document reviews the Pacific Region Junior Science and Humanities Symposium (PJSHS) program for 2003-2004 which is a 10-month, precollege student research program held in Japan. The theme is AtmosphereThe Other Ocean. The program includes a one-week symposium of student delegates who have completed research projects in the sciences or have…

A Diffusion Model Explanation of the Worst Performance Rule for Reaction Time and IQ

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ratcliff, Roger; Schmiedek, Florian; McKoon, Gail

2008-01-01

The worst performance rule for cognitive tasks [Coyle, T.R. (2003). IQ, the worst performance rule, and Spearman's law: A reanalysis and extension. "Intelligence," 31, 567-587] in which reaction time is measured is the result that IQ scores correlate better with longer (i.e., 0.7 and 0.9 quantile) reaction times than shorter (i.e., 0.1 and 0.3…

Steps toward “useful” hydroclimatic scenarios for water resource management in the Murray-Darling Basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kiem, Anthony S.; Verdon-Kidd, Danielle C.

2011-12-01

There is currently a distinct gap between what climate science can provide and information that is practically useful for (and needed by) natural resource managers. Improved understanding, and model representations, of interactions between the various climate drivers (both regional and global scale), combined with increased knowledge about the interactions between climate processes and hydrological processes at the regional scale, is necessary for improved attribution of climate change impacts, forecasting at a range of temporal scales and extreme event risk profiling (e.g., flood, drought, and bushfire). It is clear that the science has a long way to go in closing these research gaps; however, in the meantime water resource managers in the Murray-Darling Basin, and elsewhere, require hydroclimatic projections (i.e., seasonal to multidecadal future scenarios) that are regionally specific and, importantly, take into account the impacts, and associated uncertainties, of both natural climate variability and anthropogenic change. The strengths and weaknesses of various approaches for supplying this information are discussed in this paper.

49 CFR 193.2003 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 193.2003 Section 193.2003 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) PIPELINE SAFETY LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS FACILITIES...

A Strategic Planning Approach: Defining Alternative Counterterrorism Strategies as an Illustration

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-01

JUSTICE EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND...Corporation, MR-1738-AF, 2003; Jennifer D. P. Moroney, Nancy E. Blacker, Renee Buhr, James McFadden, Cathryn Quantic Thurston, and Anny Wong...McFadden, Cathryn Quantic Thurston, and Anny Wong, Building Partner Capabilities for Coalition Operations, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-635

View of stars taken during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-23

ISS006-E-40544 (March 2003) --- The entire Big Dipper is visible in this photograph taken by astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, on board the International Space Station (ISS). The roughly rectangular bowl (center left) and “handle” (extending toward the upper right) are shaped by the brightest stars. The Dipper is upside-down, appearing to empty its contents.

DOE Research and Development Accomplishments Alfred Nobel Laureates

Science.gov Websites

Science DOE Nobel Laureates Alphabetical Listing Chronological Listing A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R Politzer Richard P. Feynman 1965 Physics 2003 Val L. Fitch 1980 Physics Alexei A. Abrikosov Physics Paul J 1973 Physics 2000 Donald A. Glaser 1960 Physics Alan Heeger Chemistry Sheldon L. Glashow 1979 Physics

Foale during telecon in the U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-28

ISS008-E-10745 (28 December 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, conducts a teleconference with the Moscow Support Group for the Russian New Year celebration, via Ku- and S-band, with audio and video relayed to the Mission Control Center (MCC) at Johnson Space Center (JSC). Holiday decorations are visible in the background.

Reliability of a science admission test (HAM-Nat) at Hamburg medical school.

PubMed

Hissbach, Johanna; Klusmann, Dietrich; Hampe, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

The University Hospital in Hamburg (UKE) started to develop a test of knowledge in natural sciences for admission to medical school in 2005 (Hamburger Auswahlverfahren für Medizinische Studiengänge, Naturwissenschaftsteil, HAM-Nat). This study is a step towards establishing the HAM-Nat. We are investigating parallel forms reliability, the effect of a crash course in chemistry on test results, and correlations of HAM-Nat test results with a test of scientific reasoning (similar to a subtest of the "Test for Medical Studies", TMS). 316 first-year students participated in the study in 2007. They completed different versions of the HAM-Nat test which consisted of items that had already been used (HN2006) and new items (HN2007). Four weeks later half of the participants were tested on the HN2007 version of the HAM-Nat again, while the other half completed the test of scientific reasoning. Within this four week interval students were offered a five day chemistry course. Parallel forms reliability for four different test versions ranged from r(tt)=.53 to r(tt)=.67. The retest reliabilities of the HN2007 halves were r(tt)=.54 and r(tt )=.61. Correlations of the two HAM-Nat versions with the test of scientific reasoning were r=.34 und r=.21. The crash course in chemistry had no effect on HAM-Nat scores. The results suggest that further versions of the test of natural sciences will not easily conform to the standards of internal consistency, parallel-forms reliability and retest reliability. Much care has to be taken in order to assemble items which could be used interchangeably for the construction of new test versions. The test of scientific reasoning and the HAM-Nat are tapping different constructs. Participation in a chemistry course did not improve students' achievement, probably because the content of the course was not coordinated with the test and many students lacked of motivation to do well in the second test.

Reliability of a science admission test (HAM-Nat) at Hamburg medical school

PubMed Central

Hissbach, Johanna; Klusmann, Dietrich; Hampe, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

Objective: The University Hospital in Hamburg (UKE) started to develop a test of knowledge in natural sciences for admission to medical school in 2005 (Hamburger Auswahlverfahren für Medizinische Studiengänge, Naturwissenschaftsteil, HAM-Nat). This study is a step towards establishing the HAM-Nat. We are investigating parallel forms reliability, the effect of a crash course in chemistry on test results, and correlations of HAM-Nat test results with a test of scientific reasoning (similar to a subtest of the "Test for Medical Studies", TMS). Methods: 316 first-year students participated in the study in 2007. They completed different versions of the HAM-Nat test which consisted of items that had already been used (HN2006) and new items (HN2007). Four weeks later half of the participants were tested on the HN2007 version of the HAM-Nat again, while the other half completed the test of scientific reasoning. Within this four week interval students were offered a five day chemistry course. Results: Parallel forms reliability for four different test versions ranged from rtt=.53 to rtt=.67. The retest reliabilities of the HN2007 halves were rtt=.54 and rtt =.61. Correlations of the two HAM-Nat versions with the test of scientific reasoning were r=.34 und r=.21. The crash course in chemistry had no effect on HAM-Nat scores. Conclusions: The results suggest that further versions of the test of natural sciences will not easily conform to the standards of internal consistency, parallel-forms reliability and retest reliability. Much care has to be taken in order to assemble items which could be used interchangeably for the construction of new test versions. The test of scientific reasoning and the HAM-Nat are tapping different constructs. Participation in a chemistry course did not improve students’ achievement, probably because the content of the course was not coordinated with the test and many students lacked of motivation to do well in the second test. PMID:21866246

Board on Earth Sciences and Resources and Its Activities -- Final Technical Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Anthony R. de Souza, Ph.D. Director, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources

2003-09-26

The Board on Earth Sciences and Resources (BESR) provided oversight of the earth sciences and resources activities with the National Research Council (NRC). The Board reviewed research and public activities in the earth sciences; undertook analyses relevant to the discovery, supply, delivery, waste disposal and associated impacts and issues related to hydrocarbon, metallic, and nonmetallic mineral resources; and monitored the status of the earth sciences, assessed the health of the disciplines, identified research opportunities, and responded to specific agency requests for advice. These tasks were conducted by distinguished volunteers and NRC staff members that are representative of the breadth andmore » depth of the earth sciences and resources disciplines (e.g., ecology, geophysics, geochemistry, geobiology, hydrology, geography, geographic information science, materials science, mineral resources and mining, energy resources, paleontology, visualization, remote sensing, geophysical data and information). Each year the Board held two meetings. Most recently at the May 2003 Board meeting, the main topic of discussion was Coordination of Geospatial Data in the Era of the Department of Homeland Security. Speakers were Steven Cooper, DHS; Barry Napier, FEMA; Bill Shinar, VGIN; Barbara Ryan, USGS; and Hank Garie, DOI. Other topics were Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources and New Opportunities in the Geology Discipline (Pat Leahy, USGS); Challenges to Understanding Biological Change in a Fluid Landscape (Sue Haseltine, USGS); and GIS and Remote Sensing at the USDA (Rodney Brown, USDA). The Board and the AGI also held a Leadership Forum. At the October 2003 Board meeting in Irvine, California, the Board plans to discuss earth resource issues, develop a white paper on the future directions of the Board, and review two of its standing committees--Committee on Seismology and Geodynamics, and the Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering. The Board will also review the status of studies under way (e.g., Research Priorities--Earth Science and Medicine) and the status of studies under development (e.g., Understanding and Confronting Terrorism). As a result of the continuous strategic planning process, the Board and its standing committees have become more active as exemplified by the increasing number of ad hoc study committees and reports published during the last few years. The Board collaborated throughout the reporting period with several NRC units (e.g., National Materials Advisory Board, Ocean Studies Board, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, and the Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change). The Board provided oversight of the earth sciences and resources activities at the NRC. In particular, it provided oversight of its ad hoc and continuing activities. Under NRC guidelines, the Board holds its committees' study findings confidential until reports are published.« less

Paleointensity study of the historical andesitic lava flows: LTD-DHT Shaw and Thellier paleointensities from the Sakurajima 1914 and 1946 lavas in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamamoto, Y.; Hoshi, H.

2005-12-01

Correct determination of absolute paleointensities is essential to investigate past geomagnetic field. There are two types of methods to obtain the paleointensities: the Thellier-type and Shaw-type methods. Many paleomagnetists have so far regarded the former method as reliable. However, there are increasing evidences that it is sometimes not robust for basaltic lavas resulting in systematic high paleointensities (e.g. Calvo et al., 2002; Yamamoto et al., 2003). Alternatively, the double heating technique of the Shaw method combined with low temperature demagnetization (LTD-DHT Shaw method; Tsunakawa et al., 1997; Yamamoto et al., 2003), a lately developed paleointensity technique in Japan, can yield reliable answers even from such basaltic samples (e.g. Yamamoto et al., 2003; Mochizuki et al., 2004; Oishi et al., 2005). In the Japanese archipelago, there are not only basaltic lavas but also andesitic lavas. They are important candidates of the absolute paleointensity determination in Japan. For a case study, we sampled oriented paleomagnetic cores from three sites of the Sakurajima 1914 (TS01 and TS02) and 1946 (SW01) lavas in Japan. Several rock magnetic experiments revealed that main magnetic carriers of the present samples are titanomagnetites with Curie temperatures of about 300-550 C, and that high temperature oxidation progresses in the order of SW01, TS01 and TS02. The LTD-DHT Shaw and Coe-Thellier experiments were conducted on 72 and 63 specimens, respectively. They gave 64 and 60 successful determinations. If the results are normalized by expected field intensities calculated from IGRF-9 (Macmillan et al., 2003) and grouped into LTD-DHT Shaw and Thellier datasets, their averages and standard deviations (1 sigma) resulted in 0.98+/-0.11 (LTD-DHT Shaw) and 1.13+/-0.13 (Thellier). Considering the standard deviations, we can say that both paleointensity methods recovered correct geomagnetic field. However, it is apparent that the LTD-DHT Shaw method has higher reliability than the Thellier method.

The Reconstruction and Analysis of Gene Regulatory Networks.

PubMed

Zheng, Guangyong; Huang, Tao

2018-01-01

In post-genomic era, an important task is to explore the function of individual biological molecules (i.e., gene, noncoding RNA, protein, metabolite) and their organization in living cells. For this end, gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are constructed to show relationship between biological molecules, in which the vertices of network denote biological molecules and the edges of network present connection between nodes (Strogatz, Nature 410:268-276, 2001; Bray, Science 301:1864-1865, 2003). Biologists can understand not only the function of biological molecules but also the organization of components of living cells through interpreting the GRNs, since a gene regulatory network is a comprehensively physiological map of living cells and reflects influence of genetic and epigenetic factors (Strogatz, Nature 410:268-276, 2001; Bray, Science 301:1864-1865, 2003). In this paper, we will review the inference methods of GRN reconstruction and analysis approaches of network structure. As a powerful tool for studying complex diseases and biological processes, the applications of the network method in pathway analysis and disease gene identification will be introduced.

Helping Scientists Become Effective Partners in Education and Outreach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Laursen, Sandra L.; Smith, Lesley K.

2009-01-01

How does a scientist find herself standing before a group of lively third-graders? She may be personally motivated-seeking to improve public understanding of scientific issues and the nature of science, or to see her own children receive a good science education-or perhaps she simply enjoys this kind of work [Andrews et al., 2005; Kim and Fortner, 2008]. In addition to internal motivating factors, federal funding agencies have begun to encourage scientists to participate in education and outreach (E/O) related to their research, through NASA program requirements for such activities (see ``Implementing the Office of Space Science Education/Public Outreach Strategy,'' at http://spacescience.nasa.gov/admin/pubs/edu/imp_plan.htm) and the U.S. National Science Foundation's increased emphasis on ``broader impacts'' in merit review of research proposals (see http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2003/nsf032/bicexamples.pdf). Universities, laboratories, and large collaboratives have responded by developing E/O programs that include interaction between students, teachers, and the public in schools; after-school and summer programs; and work through science centers, planetaria, aquaria, and museums.

47 CFR 32.2003 - Telecommunications plant under construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Telecommunications plant under construction. 32.2003 Section 32.2003 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet...

In Memoriam; Recent Ph.D.s; Honors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

James Bush died this year, at age 83. He had been an AGU member (Ocean Sciences) since 1950. Faure Hugues died this year. He had been an AGU member (Hydrology) since 1986. Murphy Manson died this year. He became an AGU member (Planetology) in 2002. Edgar O. McCutchen died this year, at age 78. He had been an AGU member (Ocean Sciences) since 1966. Willard James Pierson, Jr. died on 7 June 2003, at age 81. He was an AGU Fellow (Ocean Sciences) who joined in 1948.Atmospheric Sciences:Evaluation of land surface models using ground-based point-scale measurements, Lifeng Luo, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, Alan Robock, May 2003.Hydrology: Studies of solute transport through fractured till in Iowa, Martin F. Helmke, Iowa State University, Ames, William W. Simpkins and Robert Horton, May 2003.; Controls on the persistence of water within perched basins of the Peace-Athabasca Delta, northern Canada, Daniel Lee Peters, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, Terry D. Prowse and James M. Buttle, January 2003.Ocean Sciences: Oceanographic conditions around the Galapagos Archipelago and their influence on cetacean community structure, Daniel M. Palacios, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Bruce R. Mate, April 2003.Klaus Keil has received the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science (DSc) from the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, in recognition of his contributions to the understanding of the mineralogy and petrology of meteorites and the early history of the solar system.Richard (Rick) Sibson has been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London, U.K.

Smallsats, Cubesats and Scientific Exploration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stofan, E. R.

2015-12-01

Smallsats (including Cubesats) have taken off in the aerospace research community - moving beyond simple tools for undergraduate and graduate students and into the mainstream of science research. Cubesats started the "smallsat" trend back in the late 1990's early 2000's, with the first Cubesats launching in 2003. NASA anticipates a number of future benefits from small satellite missions, including lower costs, more rapid development, higher risk tolerance, and lower barriers to entry for universities and small businesses. The Agency's Space Technology Mission Directorate is currently addressing technology gaps in small satellite platforms, while the Science Mission Directorate pursues miniaturization of science instruments. Launch opportunities are managed through the Cubesat Launch Initiative, and the Agency manages these projects as sub-orbital payloads with little program overhead. In this session we bring together scientists and technologists to discuss the current state of the smallsat field. We explore ideas for new investments, new instruments, or new applications that NASA should be investing in to expand the utility of smallsats. We discuss the status of a NASA-directed NRC study on the utility of small satellites. Looking to the future, what does NASA need to invest in now, to enable high impact ("decadal survey" level) science with smallsats? How do we push the envelope? We anticipate smallsats will contribute significantly to a more robust exploration and science program for NASA and the country.

Most Frequent Errors in Judo Uki Goshi Technique and the Existing Relations among Them Analysed through T-Patterns

PubMed Central

Gutiérrez, Alfonso; Prieto, Iván; Cancela, José M.

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study is to provide a tool, based on the knowledge of technical errors, which helps to improve the teaching and learning process of the Uki Goshi technique. With this aim, we set out to determine the most frequent errors made by 44 students when performing this technique and how these mistakes relate. In order to do so, an observational analysis was carried out using the OSJUDO-UKG instrument and the data were registered using Match Vision Studio (Castellano, Perea, Alday and Hernández, 2008). The results, analyzed through descriptive statistics, show that the absence of a correct initial unbalancing movement (45,5%), the lack of proper right-arm pull (56,8%), not blocking the faller’s body (Uke) against the thrower’s hip -Tori- (54,5%) and throwing the Uke through the Tori’s side are the most usual mistakes (72,7%). Through the sequencial analysis of T-Patterns obtained with the THÈME program (Magnusson, 1996, 2000) we have concluded that not blocking the body with the Tori’s hip provokes the Uke’s throw through the Tori’s side during the final phase of the technique (95,8%), and positioning the right arm on the dorsal region of the Uke’s back during the Tsukuri entails the absence of a subsequent pull of the Uke’s body (73,3%). Key Points In this study, the most frequent errors in the performance of the Uki Goshi technique have been determined and the existing relations among these mistakes have been shown through T-Patterns. The SOBJUDO-UKG is an observation instrument for detecting mistakes in the aforementioned technique. The results show that those mistakes related to the initial imbalancing movement and the main driving action of the technique are the most frequent. The use of T-Patterns turns out to be effective in order to obtain the most important relations among the observed errors. PMID:24474885

Electronic characterization of defects in narrow gap semiconductors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Patterson, James D.

1994-01-01

We use a Green's function technique to calculate the position of deep defects in narrow gap semiconductors. We consider substitutional (including antisite), vacancy, and interstitial (self and foreign) deep defects. We also use perturbation theory to look at the effect of nonparabolic bands on shallow defect energies and find nonparabolicity can increase the binding by 10 percent or so. We consider mercury cadmium telluride (MCT), mercury zinc telluride (MZT), and mercury zinc selenide (MZS). For substitutional and interstitial defects we look at the situation with and without relaxation. For substitutional impurities in MCT, MZT, and MZS, we consider x (the concentration of Cd or Zn) in the range 0.1 less than x less than 0.3 and also consider appropriate x so E(sub g) = 0.1 eV for each of the three compounds. We consider several cation site s-like deep levels and anion site p-like levels. For E(sub g) = 0.1 eV, we also consider the effects of relaxation. Similar comments apply to the interstitial deep levels whereas no relaxation is considered for the ideal vacancy model. Relaxation effects can be greater for the interstitial than the substitutional cases. Specific results are given in figures and tables and comparison to experiment is made in a limited number of cases. We find, for example, that I, Se, S, Rn, and N are possible cation site, s-like deep levels in MCT and Zn and Mg are for anion site, p-like levels (both levels for substitutional cases). The corresponding cation and anion site levels for interstitial deep defects are (Au, Ag, Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn) and (N, Ar, O, F). For the substitutional cases we have some examples of relaxation moving the levels into the band gap, whereas for the interstitial case we have examples where relaxation moves it out of the band gap. Future work involves calculating the effects of charge state interaction and seeing the effect of relaxation on vacancy levels.

Changes in homologous and heterologous gap junction contacts during maturation-inducing hormone-dependent meiotic resumption in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bolamba, D.; Patino, R.; Yoshizaki, G.; Thomas, P.

2003-01-01

Homologous (granulosa cell-granulosa cell) gap junction (GJ) contacts increase in ovarian follicles of Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) during the early (first) stage of maturation, but their profile during the second stage [i.e., during maturation-inducing hormone (MIH)-mediated meiotic resumption] is unknown. The profile of homologous GJ contacts during the second stage of maturation in croaker follicles was examined in this study and compared to that of heterologous (granulosa cell-oocyte) GJ, for which changes have been previously documented. Follicles were incubated with human chorionic gonadotropin to induce maturational competence (first stage), and then with MIH to induce meiotic resumption. The follicles were collected for examination immediately before and after different durations of MIH exposure until the oocyte had reached the stage of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD; index of meiotic resumption). Ultrathin sections were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and homologous and heterologous GJ contacts were quantified along a 100-??m segment of granulosa cell-zona radiata complex per follicle (three follicles/time/fish, n=3 fish). Relatively high numbers of both types of GJ were observed before and after the first few hours of MIH exposure (up to the stage of oil droplet coalescence). GJ numbers declined during partial yolk globule coalescence (at or near GVBD) and were just under 50% of starting values after the completion of GVBD (P<0.05). These results confirm earlier observations that GVBD temporally correlates with declining heterologous GJ contacts, and for the first time in teleosts show that there is a parallel decline in homologous GJ. The significance of the changes in homologous and heterologous GJ is uncertain and deserves further study. ?? 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Transport gap of organic semiconductors in organic modified Schottky contacts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zahn, Dietrich R. T.; Kampen, Thorsten U.; Méndez, Henry

2003-05-01

Two different organic molecules with similar structure, 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and N, N'-dimethyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (DiMe-PTCDI), were used for the modification of Ag Schottky contacts on sulphur passivated GaAs(1 0 0) (S-GaAs). Such diodes were investigated recording in situ current-voltage ( I- V) characteristics. As a function of the PTCDA thickness the effective barrier height of Ag/PTCDA/S-GaAs contacts initially increases from 0.59±0.01 to 0.72±0.01 eV, and then decreases to 0.54±0.01 eV, while only a decrease in barrier height from 0.54±0.01 to 0.45±0.01 eV is observed for DiMe-PTCDI interlayers. The initial increase and decrease in effective barrier height for PTCDA and DiMe-PTCDI respectively, is correlated with the energy level alignment of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) with respect to the conduction band minimum (CBM) of S-GaAs at the organic/inorganic semiconductor interface. Whilst there is an additional barrier for electrons at the PTCDA/S-GaAs interface of about 150 meV, i.e. the LUMO lies above CBM, the LUMO is aligned or below CBM in the DiMe-PTCDI case. The results also shine light on the important issue of the transport gap in organic semiconductors for which an estimation can be obtained.

Mars Miniature Science Instruments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kim, Soon Sam; Hayati, Samad; Lavery, David; McBrid, Karen

2006-01-01

For robotic Mars missions, all the science information is gathered through on-board miniature instruments that have been developed through many years of R&D. Compared to laboratory counterparts, the rover instruments require miniaturization, such as low mass (1-2 kg), low power (> 10 W) and compact (1-2 liter), yet with comparable sensitivity. Since early 1990's, NASA recognized the need for the miniature instruments and launched several instrument R&D programs, e.g., PIDDP (Planetary Instrument Definition and Development). However, until 1998, most of the instrument R&D programs supported only up to a breadboard level (TRL 3, 4) and there is a need to carry such instruments to flight qualifiable status (TU 5, 6) to respond to flight AOs (Announcement of Opportunity). Most of flight AOs have only limited time and financial resources, and can not afford such instrument development processes. To bridge the gap between instrument R&D programs and the flight instrument needs, NASA's Mars Technology Program (MTP) created advanced instrumentation program, Mars Instrument Development Project (MIDP). MIDP candidate instruments are selected through NASA Research Announcement (NRA) process [l]. For example, MIDP 161998-2000) selected and developed 10 instruments, MIDP II (2003-2005) 16 instruments, and MIDP III (2004-2006) II instruments.Working with PIs, JPL has been managing the MIDP tasks since September 1998. All the instruments being developed under MIDP have been selected through a highly competitive NRA process, and employ state-of-the-art technology. So far, four MIDP funded instruments have been selected by two Mars missions (these instruments have further been discussed in this paper).

Revised research plan for the U.S. Climate Change Science Program

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-05-01

The U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) released its Strategic Plan in 2003.This Revised Research Plan, in compliance with Section 104(a) of the Global Change Research Act of 1990, is an update to the 2003 Strategic Plan. It reflects both scie...

Update on the Purdue University 2-second Drop Tower

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Collicott, Steven

A small drop tower of approximately one second drop duration was built in the School of Aero-nautics and Astronautics at Purdue University beginning in 1998 and operated until summer 2007. This inexpensive tower in an old airplane hanger, was built largely by Yongkang Chen, now a Research Professor at Portland State University in Oregon, USA. In about 7 years of operations, the tower generated sufficient science results for Chen's PhD thesis[1] (summarized in three AIAA Journal papers[2-4]), Fitzpatrick's MS thesis[5], two industry projects for since-canceled advanced rodent habitats for ISS, and one project for NASA Marshall. In addition to the science use, Purdue undergraduate students designed, built, and performed simpler fluids experiments for their own career advancement, including a novel investigation of the impact of imperfect repeatability of initial conditions on a zero-g fluids experiment. The tower was also used for outreach to school children. It is most satisfying that Chen's PhD research in this small tower, and subsequent discussions and interactions, helped Weislogel to propose the two Vane Gap tests in his highly successful Capillary Fluids Experiment (CFE) in the International Space Station in 2006 and 2007[6]. Chen as been involved in the remodeling of these two Vane Gap cylinders for subsequent re-launch to ISS for a second round of experiments expected in 2010 and 2011. In August 2007 the School of Aeronautics and Astronautics at Purdue University moved into the new Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering and construction on a new 2-second drop tower began. A vertical shaft of nearly 23 meters was designed into the building. An approximately 80 m2 general-use fluids lab is at the top level, and a small access room of approximately 9 m2 is at the bottom. However, construction of the new $57M building created only the space for the science facility, not the science facility itself. The science facility is under construction and this paper presents an update on progress for the micro-gravity community. The most noticeable current activity is testing of the air-bag decelerator. The tower is one that will use a free-falling experiment inside of a drag shield to avoid most aerodynamic drag. The airbag is designed from experiences of others yet the small, triangular room in which the tower terminates imposes challenges. The airbag is approximately 1.5m diameter and 1.5m tall. Initial testing led to a desire to increase vent area, and just this week the bag has returned from the shop that was modifying it. On-board computer, battery packs, lighting, and cameras have been acquired. Thanks to Lockheed Martin, one camera is 500 frames per second with 1.3 million 12-bit gray scale pixels per frame. The Spincraft company donated steel hemisphere-cylinders to serve as the nose of the drag shield. Wind tunnel and CFD modeling of the drag shield has been performed by Purdue undergraduate aerospace students. Currently the drag shield structure and experiment package structure are being design and analyzed. The experiment volume is approximately a cylinder 0.45m diameter and 0.6m tall. Tower operation is intended to commence in fall 2010 with inert package drops at full mass and full height. Developing the operations procedures, especially operational safety, are the goals of this work. First science is then expected in the winter. References 1. Y. Chen, "A Study of Capillary Flow in a Vane-wall Gap in Zero Gravity," Ph.D. thesis, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University. August 2003. 2. Y. Chen and S. H. Collicott, "Investigation of the Symmetric Wetting of a Vane-Wall Gap in Propellant Tanks," AIAA Journal, 42, No. 2, pp. 305-314, February 2004. 3. Y. Chen, and S. H. Collicott, "Experimental Study on the Capillary Flow in a Vane-Wall Gap Geometry," AIAA Journal, 43, No. 11, pp. 2395-2403, November, 2005. 4. Y. Chen and S. H. Collicott, "Study of Wetting in an Asymmetrical Vane-Wall Gap in Propellant Tanks," AIAA Journal, 44, 4, pp. 859-867, April 2006. 5. S. L. Fitzpatrick, "A Study of Hydrogen Peroxide Low-Gravity Control for Propellant Management Devices," MS thesis, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue Uni-versity. May 2003. 6. M. M. Weislogel, R. Jenson, Y. Chen, S. H. Collicott, J. Klatte, and M. Dreyer. "The capillary flow experiments aboard the International Space Station: Status". Acta Astro-nautica. 65:861-869, 2009

Gender and Minority Achievement Gaps in Science in Eighth Grade: Item Analyses of Nationally Representative Data. Research Report. ETS RR-17-36

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Qian, Xiaoyu; Nandakumar, Ratna; Glutting, Joseoph; Ford, Danielle; Fifield, Steve

2017-01-01

In this study, we investigated gender and minority achievement gaps on 8th-grade science items employing a multilevel item response methodology. Both gaps were wider on physics and earth science items than on biology and chemistry items. Larger gender gaps were found on items with specific topics favoring male students than other items, for…

Decadal-scale changes of pesticides in ground water of the United States, 1993-2003

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bexfield, L.M.

2008-01-01

Pesticide data for ground water sampled across the United States between 1993-1995 and 2001-2003 by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program were evaluated for trends in detection frequency and concentration. The data analysis evaluated samples collected from a total of 362 wells located in 12 local well networks characterizing shallow ground water in agricultural areas and six local well networks characterizing the drinking water resource in areas of variable land use. Each well network was sampled once during 1993-1995 and once during 2001-2003. The networks provide an overview of conditions across a wide range of hydrogeologic settings and in major agricultural areas that vary in dominant crop type and pesticide use. Of about 80 pesticide compounds analyzed, only six compounds were detected in ground water from at least 10 wells during both sampling events. These compounds were the triazine herbicides atrazine, simazine, and prometon; the acetanilide herbicide metolachlor; the urea herbicide tebuthiuron; and an atrazine degradate, deethylatrazine (DEA). Observed concentrations of these compounds generally were <0.12 ??g L-1. At individual wells, changes in concentrations typically were <0.02 ??g L-1. Data analysis incorporated adjustments for changes in laboratory recovery as assessed through laboratory spikes. In wells yielding detectable concentrations of atrazine, DEA, and prometon, concentrations were significantly lower (?? = 0.1) in 2001-2003 than in 1993-1995, whereas detection frequency of these compounds did not change significantly. Trends in atrazine concentrations at shallow wells in agricultural areas were found to be consistent overall with recent atrazine use data. Copyright ?? 2008 by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America. All rights reserved.

Real-Time Data Received from Mount Erebus Volcano, Antarctica

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aster, Richard; McIntosh, William; Kyle, Philip; Esser, Richard; Bartel, Beth Ann; Dunbar, Nelia; Johns, Bjorn; Johnson, Jeffrey B.; Karstens, Richard; Kurnik, Chuck; McGowan, Murray; McNamara, Sara; Meertens, Chuck; Pauley, Bruce; Richmond, Matt; Ruiz, Mario

2004-03-01

Internal and eruptive volcano processes involve complex interactions of multi-phase fluids with the solid Earth and the atmosphere, and produce diverse geochemical, visible, thermal, elastic, and anelastic effects. Multidisciplinary experimental agendas are increasingly being employed to meet the challenge of understanding active volcanoes and their hazards [e.g., Ripepe et al., 2002; Wallace et al., 2003]. Mount Erebus is a large (3794 m) stratovolcano that forms the centerpiece of Ross Island, Antarctica, the site of the principal U.S. (McMurdo) and New Zealand (Scott) Antarctic bases. With an elevation of 3794 m and a volume of ~1670 km3, Erebus offers exceptional opportunities for extended study of volcano processes because of its persistent, low-level, strombolian activity (Volcano Explosivity Index 0-1) and exposed summit magma reservoir (manifested as a long-lived phonolitic lava lake). Key scientific questions include linking conduit processes to near-field deformations [e.g., Aster et al., 2003], explosion physics [e.g., Johnson et al., 2003], magmatic differentiation and residence [e.g., Kyle et al., 1992], and effects on Antarctic atmospheric and ice geochemistry [e.g., Zreda-Gostynska et al., 1997]. The close proximity of Erebus (35 km) to McMurdo, and its characteristic dry, windy, cold, and high-elevation Antarctic environment, make the volcano a convenient test bed for the general development of volcano surveillance and other instrumentation under extreme conditions.

Item Readability and Science Achievement in TIMSS 2003 in South Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dempster, Edith R.; Reddy, Vijay

2007-01-01

This study investigated the relationship between readability of 73 text-only multiple-choice questions from Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003 and performance of two groups of South African learners: those with limited English-language proficiency (learners attending African schools) and those with better…

32 CFR 2400.36 - Declassification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Declassification. 2400.36 Section 2400.36 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.36 - Declassification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Declassification. 2400.36 Section 2400.36 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.24 - Downgrading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Downgrading. 2400.24 Section 2400.24 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.24 - Downgrading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Downgrading. 2400.24 Section 2400.24 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.24 - Downgrading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Downgrading. 2400.24 Section 2400.24 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.36 - Declassification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Declassification. 2400.36 Section 2400.36 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.36 - Declassification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Declassification. 2400.36 Section 2400.36 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.24 - Downgrading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Downgrading. 2400.24 Section 2400.24 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.24 - Downgrading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Downgrading. 2400.24 Section 2400.24 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.36 - Declassification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Declassification. 2400.36 Section 2400.36 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

76 FR 79153 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-21

... halibut sport fishery in International Pacific Halibut Commission Areas 2C (Southeast Alaska) and 3A... between the guided sport (i.e., the charter sector) and the commercial halibut fishery. To assess the... voluntary survey efforts. In order to address this information gap, NMFS' Alaska Fisheries Science Center...

Commander Kenneth D. Bowersox and Flight Engineer Donald R. Pettit are relaxing in the U.S. Lab

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-18

ISS006-E-39461 (18 March 2003) --- Astronauts Donald R. Pettit (left), Expedition 6 NASA ISS Science Officer, and Kenneth D. Bowersox, mission commander, are pictured in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). The supply tank and Fluid Control Pump Assembly (FCPA), which are a part of the Internal Thermal Control System (ITCS), are visible floating freeing above them.

Surface Tension Demonstration using Water and Food Coloring in the U.S. Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-19

ISS006-E-18431 (19 January 2003) --- View of surface tension demonstration using water that is being held in place by a metal loop. Food coloring has been added to the water for demonstration purposes only. Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, photographed these demonstrations for educational purposes. The experiment took place in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Surface Tension Demonstration using Water and Food Coloring in the U.S. Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-19

ISS006-E-18446 (19 January 2003) --- View of surface tension demonstration using water that is being held in place by a metal loop. Food coloring has been added to the water for demonstration purposes only. Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, photographed these demonstrations for educational purposes. The experiment took place in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Surface Tension Demonstration using Water and Food Coloring in the U.S. Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-19

ISS006-E-18405 (19 January 2003) --- View of surface tension demonstration using water that is being held in place by a metal loop. Food coloring has been added to the water for demonstration purposes only. Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, photographed these demonstrations for educational purposes. The experiment took place in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Surface Tension Demonstration using Water and Food Coloring in the U.S. Laboratory

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-01-19

ISS006-E-18432 (19 January 2003) --- View of surface tension demonstration using water that is being held in place by a metal loop. Food coloring has been added to the water for demonstration purposes only. Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, photographed these demonstrations for educational purposes. The experiment took place in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS).

Industry Study Paper: The Aircraft Industry, AY 2004, Seminar 2

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

Trade Perspective Teal Group – World Aviation Market Outlook View from the Fourth Estate: Aviation Week & Science Technology and Flight International...cxlviii Richard Aboulafia, “US Offerings Dominate Military Transport Markets ” Aviation Week & Space Technology 24 Feb 2003: 1-2. cxlix M.E. Rhett...Online. EBSCOhost. 10 March 2004. Aboulafia, Richard. “U.S. Offerings Dominate Military Transport Markets ,” Aviation Week & Space Technology , 24

Earth observations taken by the Expedition Seven crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-07-29

ISS007-E-11256 (29 July 2003) --- This view of the capital city of Austin, Texas was taken by one of the Expedition 7 crewmembers onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Austin is located in the Texas hill country along the banks of the Colorado River (lower left). Onboard are cosmonaut Yuri I. Malenchenko, mission commander, and astronaut Edward T. Lu, NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer.

Kaleri and Foale during telecon in the U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-28

ISS008-E-10698 (28 December 2003) --- Cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri (foreground), Expedition 8 flight engineer, and astronaut C. Michael Foale, mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, conduct a teleconference with the Moscow Support Group for the Russian New Year celebration, via Ku- and S-band, with audio and video relayed to the Mission Control Center (MCC) at Johnson Space Center (JSC). Kaleri represents Rosaviakosmos.

Kaleri and Foale during telecon in the U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-28

ISS008-E-10737 (28 Dec. 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale (right), Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, and cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri, flight engineer, conduct a teleconference with the Moscow Support Group for the Russian New Year celebration, via Ku- and S-band, with audio and video relayed to the Mission Control Center (MCC) at Johnson Space Center (JSC). Kaleri represents Rosaviakosmos.

Kaleri and Foale during telecon in the U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-28

ISS008-E-10711 (28 December 2003) --- Cosmonaut Alexander Y. Kaleri (foreground), Expedition 8 flight engineer, and astronaut C. Michael Foale, mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, conduct a teleconference with the Moscow Support Group for the Russian New Year celebration, via Ku- and S-band, with audio and video relayed to the Mission Control Center (MCC) at Johnson Space Center (JSC). Kaleri represents Rosaviakosmos.

Family-Centered Preventive Intervention for Military Families: Implications for Implementation Science

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Gladstone, T . R. G., Wright, E. J., & Cooper, A. B. (2003). A family-based approach to the prevention of depressive symptoms in children at risk: Evidence...intervention that addresses obstacles to communication and the lack of attention to parenting common in families affected by parental depression (Beardslee...trauma, and depression /life adversity), as well as being integrated with the military public health model. Furthermore, although each of the

Network Science and Crowd Behavior Metrics

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

and C. Tucker, 2003 Handbook of symbolic interactionism . L. Reynolds and N. Herman-Kinney. Walnut Creek, CA, AltaM Press: 721-741. ___, and R. T...PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME (S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Army, ARDEC, Target Behavioral Response...Laboratory,RDAR-EIQ-SD,Building 3518,Picatinny Arsenal,NJ,07806-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME (S

Taking a 'Big Data' approach to data quality in a citizen science project.

PubMed

Kelling, Steve; Fink, Daniel; La Sorte, Frank A; Johnston, Alison; Bruns, Nicholas E; Hochachka, Wesley M

2015-11-01

Data from well-designed experiments provide the strongest evidence of causation in biodiversity studies. However, for many species the collection of these data is not scalable to the spatial and temporal extents required to understand patterns at the population level. Only data collected from citizen science projects can gather sufficient quantities of data, but data collected from volunteers are inherently noisy and heterogeneous. Here we describe a 'Big Data' approach to improve the data quality in eBird, a global citizen science project that gathers bird observations. First, eBird's data submission design ensures that all data meet high standards of completeness and accuracy. Second, we take a 'sensor calibration' approach to measure individual variation in eBird participant's ability to detect and identify birds. Third, we use species distribution models to fill in data gaps. Finally, we provide examples of novel analyses exploring population-level patterns in bird distributions.

Transport of Antarctic Bottom Water through passages in the East Azores Ridge (37° N) in the East Atlantic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarakanov, R. Yu.; Morozov, E. G.; Gritsenko, A. M.; Demidova, T. A.; Makarenko, N. I.

2013-07-01

The structure of northerly overflow of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) through passages in the East Azores Ridge (37° N) in the East Atlantic from the Madeira Basin to the Iberian Basin is studied on the basis of hydrographic measurements carried out by the Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) in October 2011, historical World Ocean Data Base 2009, and recent data on the bottom topography. The overflow of the coldest layers of this water occurs through two passages with close depths at 16° W (Discovery Gap) and at 19°30' W (nameless Western Gap). It is shown that it is likely that the role of the latter passage in water transport was underestimated in earlier publications because the water (2.01°C) found in the region north of the Western Gap was cooler than in the region north of the Discovery Gap (2.03°C). In 2011, we found a decrease of 0.01°C in the AABW temperature near the bottom compared to previous measurements in 1982 (from 2.011°C to 2.002°C). Analysis of the historical database shows that this decrease is most likely caused by the cooling trend in the abyssal waters in the East Atlantic basins.

The optical properties and photocatalytic activity of CdS-ZnS-TiO{sub 2}/Graphite for isopropanol degradation under visible light irradiation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rahmawati, Fitria, E-mail: fitria@mipa.uns.ac.id; Wulandari, Rini, E-mail: riniwulandari55@yahoo.com; Murni, Irvinna M., E-mail: irvinna-mutiara@yahoo.com

2016-02-08

This research prepared a photocatalyst tablet of CdS-ZnS-TiO{sub 2} on a graphite substrate. The synthesis was conducted through chemical bath deposition method. The graphite substrate used was a waste graphite rod from primary batteries. The aims of this research are studying the crystal structure, the optical properties and the photocatalytic activity of the prepared material. The photocatalytic activity was determined through isopropanol degradation. The result shows that the TiO{sub 2}/Graphite provide direct transition gap energy at 2.91 eV and an indirect transition gap energy at 3.21 eV. Deposition of CdS-ZnS changed the direct transition gap energy to 3.01 eV andmore » the indirect transition gap energy to 3.22 eV. Isopropanol degradation with the prepared catalyst produced new peaks at 223-224 nm and 265-266 nm confirming the production of acetone. The degradation follows first order with rate constant of 2.4 × 10{sup −2} min{sup −1}.« less

Human Capital Background and the Educational Attainment of Second-Generation Immigrants in France

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dos Santos, Manon Domingues; Wolff, Francois-Charles

2011-01-01

In this paper, we study the impact of parental human capital background on ethnic educational gaps between second-generation immigrants using a large data set conducted in France in 2003. Estimates from censored random effect ordered Probit regressions show that the skills of immigrants explain in the most part, the ethnic educational gap between…

Impact Cratering: Bridging the Gap Between Modeling and Observations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2003-01-01

This volume contains abstracts that have been accepted for presentation at the workshop on Impact Cratering: Bridging the Gap Between Modeling and Observations, February 7-9, 2003, in Houston, Texas. Logistics, onsite administration, and publications for this workshop were provided by the staff of the Publications and Program Services Department at the Lunar and Planetary Institute.

32 CFR 2400.13 - Limitations on classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Limitations on classification. 2400.13 Section 2400.13 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.6 - Classification levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Classification levels. 2400.6 Section 2400.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.39 - Responsibility and objectives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Responsibility and objectives. 2400.39 Section 2400.39 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.15 - Classification guides.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Classification guides. 2400.15 Section 2400.15 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.6 - Classification levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Classification levels. 2400.6 Section 2400.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.7 - Original classification authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Original classification authority. 2400.7 Section 2400.7 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority. 2400.1 Section 2400.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM General...

32 CFR 2400.34 - Classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Classification. 2400.34 Section 2400.34 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM Foreign...

32 CFR 2400.16 - Derivative classification markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Derivative classification markings. 2400.16 Section 2400.16 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Authority. 2400.1 Section 2400.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM General...

32 CFR 2400.16 - Derivative classification markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Derivative classification markings. 2400.16 Section 2400.16 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.7 - Original classification authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Original classification authority. 2400.7 Section 2400.7 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.37 - Mandatory review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Mandatory review. 2400.37 Section 2400.37 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.16 - Derivative classification markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Derivative classification markings. 2400.16 Section 2400.16 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.34 - Classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Classification. 2400.34 Section 2400.34 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM Foreign...

32 CFR 2400.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Authority. 2400.1 Section 2400.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM General...

32 CFR 2400.13 - Limitations on classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Limitations on classification. 2400.13 Section 2400.13 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.34 - Classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Classification. 2400.34 Section 2400.34 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM Foreign...

32 CFR 2400.39 - Responsibility and objectives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Responsibility and objectives. 2400.39 Section 2400.39 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.12 - Identification and markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Identification and markings. 2400.12 Section 2400.12 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.6 - Classification levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Classification levels. 2400.6 Section 2400.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.37 - Mandatory review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Mandatory review. 2400.37 Section 2400.37 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.12 - Identification and markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Identification and markings. 2400.12 Section 2400.12 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Authority. 2400.1 Section 2400.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM General...

32 CFR 2400.15 - Classification guides.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Classification guides. 2400.15 Section 2400.15 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.13 - Limitations on classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Limitations on classification. 2400.13 Section 2400.13 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.37 - Mandatory review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Mandatory review. 2400.37 Section 2400.37 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.13 - Limitations on classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Limitations on classification. 2400.13 Section 2400.13 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.34 - Classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Classification. 2400.34 Section 2400.34 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM Foreign...

32 CFR 2400.15 - Classification guides.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Classification guides. 2400.15 Section 2400.15 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.13 - Limitations on classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Limitations on classification. 2400.13 Section 2400.13 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.37 - Mandatory review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Mandatory review. 2400.37 Section 2400.37 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.39 - Responsibility and objectives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Responsibility and objectives. 2400.39 Section 2400.39 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.15 - Classification guides.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Classification guides. 2400.15 Section 2400.15 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.6 - Classification levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Classification levels. 2400.6 Section 2400.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.39 - Responsibility and objectives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Responsibility and objectives. 2400.39 Section 2400.39 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.39 - Responsibility and objectives.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Responsibility and objectives. 2400.39 Section 2400.39 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.16 - Derivative classification markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Derivative classification markings. 2400.16 Section 2400.16 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.12 - Identification and markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Identification and markings. 2400.12 Section 2400.12 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.12 - Identification and markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Identification and markings. 2400.12 Section 2400.12 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.16 - Derivative classification markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Derivative classification markings. 2400.16 Section 2400.16 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.37 - Mandatory review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Mandatory review. 2400.37 Section 2400.37 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.12 - Identification and markings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Identification and markings. 2400.12 Section 2400.12 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.7 - Original classification authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Original classification authority. 2400.7 Section 2400.7 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.1 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Authority. 2400.1 Section 2400.1 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM General...

32 CFR 2400.7 - Original classification authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Original classification authority. 2400.7 Section 2400.7 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.7 - Original classification authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Original classification authority. 2400.7 Section 2400.7 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.6 - Classification levels.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Classification levels. 2400.6 Section 2400.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.15 - Classification guides.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Classification guides. 2400.15 Section 2400.15 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.34 - Classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Classification. 2400.34 Section 2400.34 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM Foreign...

Direct Fuel Injector Temporal Measurements

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

ignition timing, and oxides of nitrogen emissions from biodiesel -fueled engines”. Transactions of the Asabe, 50(4): 1123-1128, 2007. 20. Postrioti...SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0768, 2003, doi:10.4271/2003- 01-0768. 21. Bittle, J., Knight, B., and Jacobs, T., “The Impact of Biodiesel on

2015 Science Mission Directorate Technology Highlights

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seablom, Michael S.

2016-01-01

The role of the Science Mission Directorate (SMD) is to enable NASA to achieve its science goals in the context of the Nation's science agenda. SMD's strategic decisions regarding future missions and scientific pursuits are guided by Agency goals, input from the science community including the recommendations set forth in the National Research Council (NRC) decadal surveys and a commitment to preserve a balanced program across the major science disciplines. Toward this end, each of the four SMD science divisions -- Heliophysics, Earth Science, Planetary Science, and Astrophysics -- develops fundamental science questions upon which to base future research and mission programs. Often the breakthrough science required to answer these questions requires significant technological innovation, e.g., instruments or platforms with capabilities beyond the current state of the art. SMD's targeted technology investments fill technology gaps, enabling NASA to build the challenging and complex missions that accomplish groundbreaking science.

Preparing perservice teachers to teach elementary school science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewis, Amy D.

The development of scientifically literate citizens begins in the elementary school. Yet elementary school teachers are ill prepared to teach science (Trygstad, Smith, Banilower, Nelson, & Horizon Research, Inc., 2013). The research base on teacher preparation finds that programs designed to prepare elementary teachers are inadequate in providing both the content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge necessary to teach science effectively (Baumgartner, 2010; Bodzin & Beerer, 2003; Bulunuz & Jarrett 2009). This mixed methods study examined what happened when a science methods course was interactively co-taught by an expert in elementary teaching methods and a physics expert. This study also aimed to discover what aspects of the curriculum pre-service teachers (PSTs) said helped them in developing their understanding of science content and scientific reasoning, and how to implement inquiry practices to teach science. A nested case study of three PSTs provided descriptive portraits of student experiences in the class. A whole class case analysis was used to examine what PSTs learned in terms of science, scientific reasoning skills, and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) from their experiences in the course. It was found that students often conflated science content with the experiences they had in learning the content. Although PSTs felt the interactive co-teaching model effectively created a balance between theory and practice, it was their experiences doing science--conducting physical experiments, developing and discussing scientific models, and the use of inquiry-based instruction--that they credited for their learning. Even with careful curriculum planning, and a course purposely designed to bridge the theory to practice gap, this study found one semester-long methods course to be insufficient in providing the vast content knowledge and PCK elementary school science teachers need.

Seed Regeneration Potential of Canopy Gaps at Early Formation Stage in Temperate Secondary Forests, Northeast China

PubMed Central

Yan, Qiao-Ling; Zhu, Jiao-Jun; Yu, Li-Zhong

2012-01-01

Promoting the seed regeneration potential of secondary forests undergoing gap disturbances is an important approach for achieving forest restoration and sustainable management. Seedling recruitment from seed banks strongly determines the seed regeneration potential, but the process is poorly understood in the gaps of secondary forests. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of gap size, seed availability, and environmental conditions on the seed regeneration potential in temperate secondary forests. It was found that gap formation could favor the invasion of more varieties of species in seed banks, but it also could speed up the turnover rate of seed banks leading to lower seed densities. Seeds of the dominant species, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, were transient in soil and there was a minor and discontinuous contribution of the seed bank to its seedling emergence. For Quercus mongolica, emerging seedling number was positively correlated with seed density in gaps (R = 0.32, P<0.01), especially in medium and small gaps (<500 m2). Furthermore, under canopies, there was a positive correlation between seedling number and seed density of Acer mono (R = 0.43, P<0.01). Gap formation could promote seedling emergence of two gap-dependent species (i.e., Q. mongolica and A. mono), but the contribution of seed banks to seedlings was below 10% after gap creation. Soil moisture and temperature were the restrictive factors controlling the seedling emergence from seeds in gaps and under canopies, respectively. Thus, the regeneration potential from seed banks is limited after gap formation. PMID:22745771

FIRST 2002, 2003, 2004 Robotics Competition(s)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Purman, Richard

2004-01-01

The New Horizons Regional Education Center (NHREC) in Hampton, VA sought and received NASA funding to support its participation in the 2002, 2003, and 2004 FIRST Robotics Competitions. FIRST, Inc. (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) is an organization which encourages the application of creative science, math, and computer science principles to solve real-world engineering problems. The FIRST competition is an international engineering contest featuring high school, government, and business partnerships.

Becoming urban science teachers by transforming middle-school classrooms: A study of the Urban Science Education Fellows Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Furman, Melina Gabriela

The current scenario in American education shows a large achievement and opportunity gap in science between urban children in poverty and more privileged youth. Research has shown that one essential factor that accounts for this gap is the shortage of qualified science teachers in urban schools. Teaching science in a high poverty school presents unique challenges to beginner teachers. Limited resources and support and a significant cultural divide with their students are some of the common problems that cause many novice teachers to quit their jobs or to start enacting what has been described as "the pedagogy of poverty." In this study I looked at the case of the Urban Science Education Fellows Program. This program aimed to prepare preservice teachers (i.e. "fellows") to enact socially just science pedagogies in urban classrooms. I conducted qualitative case studies of three fellows. Fellows worked over one year with science teachers in middle-school classrooms in order to develop transformative action research studies. My analysis focused on how fellows coauthored hybrid spaces within these studies that challenged the typical ways science was taught and learned in their classrooms towards a vision of socially just teaching. By coauthoring these hybrid spaces, fellows developed grounded generativity, i.e. a capacity to create new teaching scenarios rooted in the pragmatic realities of an authentic classroom setting. Grounded generativity included building upon their pedagogical beliefs in order to improvise pedagogies with others, repositioning themselves and their students differently in the classroom and constructing symbols of possibility to guide their practice. I proposed authentic play as the mechanism that enabled fellows to coauthor hybrid spaces. Authentic play involved contexts of moderate risk and of distributed expertise and required fellows to be positioned at the intersection of the margins and the center of the classroom community of practice. In all, this study demonstrates that engaging in classroom reform can support preservice teachers in developing specialized tools to teach science in urban classrooms.

Closing the Education Gender Gap: Estimating the Impact of Girls' Scholarship Program in the Gambia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gajigo, Ousman

2016-01-01

This paper estimates the impact of a school fee elimination program for female secondary students in The Gambia to reduce gender disparity in education. To assess the impact of the program, two nationally representative household surveys were used (1998 and 2002/2003). By 2002/2003, about half of the districts in the country had benefited from the…

32 CFR 2400.27 - Storage of classification information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Storage of classification information. 2400.27 Section 2400.27 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.35 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.35 Section 2400.35 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.30 - Reproduction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Reproduction of classified information. 2400.30 Section 2400.30 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.14 - Use of derivative classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Use of derivative classification. 2400.14 Section 2400.14 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.11 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.11 Section 2400.11 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.31 - Destruction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Destruction of classified information. 2400.31 Section 2400.31 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.28 - Dissemination of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Dissemination of classified information. 2400.28 Section 2400.28 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.4 - Atomic Energy Material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Atomic Energy Material. 2400.4 Section 2400.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.33 - Loss or possible compromise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loss or possible compromise. 2400.33 Section 2400.33 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.11 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.11 Section 2400.11 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.4 - Atomic Energy Material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Atomic Energy Material. 2400.4 Section 2400.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.18 - Declassification and downgrading authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Declassification and downgrading authority. 2400.18 Section 2400.18 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.28 - Dissemination of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Dissemination of classified information. 2400.28 Section 2400.28 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.30 - Reproduction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Reproduction of classified information. 2400.30 Section 2400.30 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.35 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.35 Section 2400.35 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.28 - Dissemination of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Dissemination of classified information. 2400.28 Section 2400.28 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.35 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.35 Section 2400.35 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.31 - Destruction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Destruction of classified information. 2400.31 Section 2400.31 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.27 - Storage of classification information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Storage of classification information. 2400.27 Section 2400.27 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.30 - Reproduction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Reproduction of classified information. 2400.30 Section 2400.30 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.10 - Presumption of damage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Presumption of damage. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.10 - Presumption of damage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Presumption of damage. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.18 - Declassification and downgrading authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Declassification and downgrading authority. 2400.18 Section 2400.18 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.33 - Loss or possible compromise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Loss or possible compromise. 2400.33 Section 2400.33 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.33 - Loss or possible compromise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Loss or possible compromise. 2400.33 Section 2400.33 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.28 - Dissemination of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Dissemination of classified information. 2400.28 Section 2400.28 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.11 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.11 Section 2400.11 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.10 - Presumption of damage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Presumption of damage. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.33 - Loss or possible compromise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Loss or possible compromise. 2400.33 Section 2400.33 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.35 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.35 Section 2400.35 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.4 - Atomic Energy Material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Atomic Energy Material. 2400.4 Section 2400.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.18 - Declassification and downgrading authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Declassification and downgrading authority. 2400.18 Section 2400.18 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.33 - Loss or possible compromise.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Loss or possible compromise. 2400.33 Section 2400.33 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.14 - Use of derivative classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Use of derivative classification. 2400.14 Section 2400.14 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.10 - Presumption of damage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Presumption of damage. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.11 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.11 Section 2400.11 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.27 - Storage of classification information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Storage of classification information. 2400.27 Section 2400.27 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.31 - Destruction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Destruction of classified information. 2400.31 Section 2400.31 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.27 - Storage of classification information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Storage of classification information. 2400.27 Section 2400.27 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.27 - Storage of classification information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Storage of classification information. 2400.27 Section 2400.27 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.14 - Use of derivative classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Use of derivative classification. 2400.14 Section 2400.14 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.4 - Atomic Energy Material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Atomic Energy Material. 2400.4 Section 2400.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.14 - Use of derivative classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Use of derivative classification. 2400.14 Section 2400.14 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.31 - Destruction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Destruction of classified information. 2400.31 Section 2400.31 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.18 - Declassification and downgrading authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Declassification and downgrading authority. 2400.18 Section 2400.18 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.28 - Dissemination of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Dissemination of classified information. 2400.28 Section 2400.28 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.10 - Presumption of damage.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Presumption of damage. 2400.10 Section 2400.10 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.18 - Declassification and downgrading authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Declassification and downgrading authority. 2400.18 Section 2400.18 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.30 - Reproduction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Reproduction of classified information. 2400.30 Section 2400.30 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.4 - Atomic Energy Material.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Atomic Energy Material. 2400.4 Section 2400.4 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY PROGRAM...

32 CFR 2400.35 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.35 Section 2400.35 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 2400.14 - Use of derivative classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Use of derivative classification. 2400.14 Section 2400.14 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.30 - Reproduction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Reproduction of classified information. 2400.30 Section 2400.30 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.31 - Destruction of classified information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Destruction of classified information. 2400.31 Section 2400.31 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION...

32 CFR 2400.11 - Duration of classification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Duration of classification. 2400.11 Section 2400.11 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY INFORMATION SECURITY...

32 CFR 242.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... SCIENCES § 242.3 Definitions. As used herein, the following definitions apply: (a) Uniformed Services. As... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Definitions. 242.3 Section 242.3 National.... Means the Medical School program of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. (e) Member...

Three options for citation tracking: Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science.

PubMed

Bakkalbasi, Nisa; Bauer, Kathleen; Glover, Janis; Wang, Lei

2006-06-29

Researchers turn to citation tracking to find the most influential articles for a particular topic and to see how often their own published papers are cited. For years researchers looking for this type of information had only one resource to consult: the Web of Science from Thomson Scientific. In 2004 two competitors emerged--Scopus from Elsevier and Google Scholar from Google. The research reported here uses citation analysis in an observational study examining these three databases; comparing citation counts for articles from two disciplines (oncology and condensed matter physics) and two years (1993 and 2003) to test the hypothesis that the different scholarly publication coverage provided by the three search tools will lead to different citation counts from each. Eleven journal titles with varying impact factors were selected from each discipline (oncology and condensed matter physics) using the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). All articles published in the selected titles were retrieved for the years 1993 and 2003, and a stratified random sample of articles was chosen, resulting in four sets of articles. During the week of November 7-12, 2005, the citation counts for each research article were extracted from the three sources. The actual citing references for a subset of the articles published in 2003 were also gathered from each of the three sources. For oncology 1993 Web of Science returned the highest average number of citations, 45.3. Scopus returned the highest average number of citations (8.9) for oncology 2003. Web of Science returned the highest number of citations for condensed matter physics 1993 and 2003 (22.5 and 3.9 respectively). The data showed a significant difference in the mean citation rates between all pairs of resources except between Google Scholar and Scopus for condensed matter physics 2003. For articles published in 2003 Google Scholar returned the largest amount of unique citing material for oncology and Web of Science returned the most for condensed matter physics. This study did not identify any one of these three resources as the answer to all citation tracking needs. Scopus showed strength in providing citing literature for current (2003) oncology articles, while Web of Science produced more citing material for 2003 and 1993 condensed matter physics, and 1993 oncology articles. All three tools returned some unique material. Our data indicate that the question of which tool provides the most complete set of citing literature may depend on the subject and publication year of a given article.

Three options for citation tracking: Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science

PubMed Central

Bakkalbasi, Nisa; Bauer, Kathleen; Glover, Janis; Wang, Lei

2006-01-01

Background Researchers turn to citation tracking to find the most influential articles for a particular topic and to see how often their own published papers are cited. For years researchers looking for this type of information had only one resource to consult: the Web of Science from Thomson Scientific. In 2004 two competitors emerged – Scopus from Elsevier and Google Scholar from Google. The research reported here uses citation analysis in an observational study examining these three databases; comparing citation counts for articles from two disciplines (oncology and condensed matter physics) and two years (1993 and 2003) to test the hypothesis that the different scholarly publication coverage provided by the three search tools will lead to different citation counts from each. Methods Eleven journal titles with varying impact factors were selected from each discipline (oncology and condensed matter physics) using the Journal Citation Reports (JCR). All articles published in the selected titles were retrieved for the years 1993 and 2003, and a stratified random sample of articles was chosen, resulting in four sets of articles. During the week of November 7–12, 2005, the citation counts for each research article were extracted from the three sources. The actual citing references for a subset of the articles published in 2003 were also gathered from each of the three sources. Results For oncology 1993 Web of Science returned the highest average number of citations, 45.3. Scopus returned the highest average number of citations (8.9) for oncology 2003. Web of Science returned the highest number of citations for condensed matter physics 1993 and 2003 (22.5 and 3.9 respectively). The data showed a significant difference in the mean citation rates between all pairs of resources except between Google Scholar and Scopus for condensed matter physics 2003. For articles published in 2003 Google Scholar returned the largest amount of unique citing material for oncology and Web of Science returned the most for condensed matter physics. Conclusion This study did not identify any one of these three resources as the answer to all citation tracking needs. Scopus showed strength in providing citing literature for current (2003) oncology articles, while Web of Science produced more citing material for 2003 and 1993 condensed matter physics, and 1993 oncology articles. All three tools returned some unique material. Our data indicate that the question of which tool provides the most complete set of citing literature may depend on the subject and publication year of a given article. PMID:16805916

SMD Technology Development Story for NASA Annual Technology report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Seablom, Michael S.

2017-01-01

The role of the Science Mission Directorate (SMD) is to enable NASA to achieve its science goals in the context of the Nation's science agenda. SMD's strategic decisions regarding future missions and scientific pursuits are guided by Agency goals, input from the science community-including the recommendations set forth in the National Research Council (NRC) decadal surveys-and a commitment to preserve a balanced program across the major science disciplines. Toward this end, each of the four SMD science divisions-Heliophysics, Earth Science, Planetary Science, and Astrophysics-develops fundamental science questions upon which to base future research and mission programs. Often the breakthrough science required to answer these questions requires significant technological innovation-e.g., instruments or platforms with capabilities beyond the current state of the art. SMD's targeted technology investments fill technology gaps, enabling NASA to build the challenging and complex missions that accomplish groundbreaking science.

Health effects associated with exposure to ambient air pollution.

PubMed

Samet, Jonathan; Krewski, Daniel

2007-02-01

The World Health Organization has identified ambient air pollution as a high public health priority, based on estimates of air pollution related death and disability-adjusted life years derived in its Global Burden of Disease initiative. The NERAM Colloquium Series on Health and Air Quality was initiated to strengthen the linkage between scientists, policymakers, and other stakeholders by reviewing the current state of science, identifying policy-relevant gaps and uncertainties in the scientific evidence, and proposing a path forward for research and policy to improve air quality and public health. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of science addressing the impacts of air pollution on human health. The paper is one of four background papers prepared for the 2003 NERAM/AirNet Conference on Strategies for Clean Air and Health, the third meeting in the international Colloquium Series. The review is based on the framework and findings of the U.S. National Research Committee (NRC) on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter and addresses key questions underlying air quality risk management policy decisions.

Graphene-insulator-semiconductor capacitors as superior test structures for photoelectric determination of semiconductor devices band diagrams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piskorski, K.; Passi, V.; Ruhkopf, J.; Lemme, M. C.; Przewlocki, H. M.

2018-05-01

We report on the advantages of using Graphene-Insulator-Semiconductor (GIS) instead of Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor (MIS) structures in reliable and precise photoelectric determination of the band alignment at the semiconductor-insulator interface and of the insulator band gap determination. Due to the high transparency to light of the graphene gate in GIS structures large photocurrents due to emission of both electrons and holes from the substrate and negligible photocurrents due to emission of carriers from the gate can be obtained, which allows reliable determination of barrier heights for both electrons, Ee and holes, Eh from the semiconductor substrate. Knowing the values of both Ee and Eh allows direct determination of the insulator band gap EG(I). Photoelectric measurements were made of a series of Graphene-SiO2-Si structures and an example is shown of the results obtained in sequential measurements of the same structure giving the following barrier height values: Ee = 4.34 ± 0.01 eV and Eh = 4.70 ± 0.03 eV. Based on this result and results obtained for other structures in the series we conservatively estimate the maximum uncertainty of both barrier heights estimations at ± 0.05 eV. This sets the SiO2 band gap estimation at EG(I) = 7.92 ± 0.1 eV. It is shown that widely different SiO2 band gap values were found by research groups using various determination methods. We hypothesize that these differences are due to different sensitivities of measurement methods used to the existence of the SiO2 valence band tail.

Faculty development: a need in time for educators in healthcare.

PubMed

Abid, Kauser

2013-04-01

To appraise learning behaviour among participants of faculty development programme in a diverse group setting. The qualitative study was conducted at the Capacity Building Centre of the National Institute of Health and Social Sciences, Islamabad, in March-April 2010. From all the participants who planned to be healthcare educators, 27 were selected for the study. Methodology used was focus group. Coding for focus group interview was done as E1, E2, E3 and E4 for educators from basic sciences, clinical/pre-clinical discipline, nursing and midwifery, and social sciences and information technology profession respectively. For gap analysis, need assessment of focus groups was done with a pre-tested questionnaire. Change in attitude and behaviour as educators was observed in the experience phase during the three modules of the programme. A post-test questionnaire was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the programme. The response rate of the participants was 100%. Gap analysis of focus groups came up with the same challenges that are faced by faculty: insufficient knowledge in the five domains of professional development. In institutional settings, no planned faculty development programmes were reported. By the end of the third module, the participants admitted their step-wise skill development and considered it to be a value addition in their professional career. Talent is not sparse in today's educators of health profession. But professional development to improve their skills is the need of the hour. Capacity-building at workplace is the best solution as it can be managed within the available timeframe and resources.

Biomarker evidence for Archean oxygen fluxes (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hallmann, C.; Waldbauer, J.; Sherman, L. S.; Summons, R. E.

2010-12-01

Knowledge of deep-time organismic diversity may be gained from the study of preserved sedimentary lipids with taxonomic specificity, i.e. biomarker hydrocarbons (e.g. Brocks and Summons, 2003; Waldbauer et al., 2009). As a consequence of long residence times and high thermal maturities however, biomarker concentrations are extremely low in most ancient (Precambrian) sediment samples, making them exceptionally prone to contamination during drilling, sampling and laboratory workup (e.g. Brocks et al., 2008). Outcrop samples most always carry a modern overprint and deep-time biogeochemistry thus relies on drilling operations to retrieve ‘clean’ sediment cores. One such effort was initiated by NASA’s Astrobiology Institute (NAI): the Archean biosphere drilling project (ABDP). We here report on the lipids retrieved from sediment samples in drill hole ABDP-9. Strong heterogeneities of extractable organic matter - both on a spatial scale and in free- vs. mineral-occluded bitumen - provide us with an opportunity to distinguish indigenous lipids from contaminants introduced during drilling. Stratigraphic trends in biomarker data for mineral-occluded bitumens are complementary to previously reported data (e.g. S- and N-isotopes, molybdenum enrichments) from ABDP-9 sediments (Anbar et al., 2007; Kaufman et al., 2007; Garvin et al., 2009) and suggest periodic fluxes of oxygen before the great oxidation event. Anbar et al. A whiff of oxygen before the great oxidation event. Science 317 (2007), 1903-1906. Brocks & Summons. Sedimentary hydrocarbons, biomarkers for early life. In: Schlesinger (Ed.) Treatise on Geochemistry, Vol. 8 (2003), 63-115. Brocks et al. Assessing biomarker syngeneity using branched alkanes with quaternary carbon (BAQCs) and other plastic contaminants. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 72 (2008), 871-888. Garvin et al. Isotopic evidence for a aerobic nitrogen cycle in the latest Archean. Science 323 (2009), 1045-1048. Kaufman et al. Late Archean biospheric oxygenation and atmospheric evolution. Science 317 (2007), 1900-1903. Waldbauer et al. Late Archean molecular fossils from the Transvaal Supergroup record the antiquity of microbial diversity and aerobiosis. Precambrian Research 169 (2008), 28-47.

Dimensional crossover and thermoelectric properties in CeTe2-xSbx single crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rhyee, Jong-Soo; Lee, Kyung Eun; Nyeong Kim, Jae; Shim, Ji Hoon; Min, Byeong Hun; Kwon, Yong Seung

2013-03-01

Several years before, we proposed that the charge density wave is a new pathway for high thermoelectric performance in In4Se3-x bulk crystalline materials. (Nature v.459, p. 965, 2009) Recently, from the increase of the chemical potential by halogen doped In4Se3-xH0.03 (H =Halogen elements) crystals, we achieved high ZT (maximum ZT 1.53) over a wide temperature range. (Adv. Mater. v.23, p.2191, 2011) Here we demonstrate the low dimensionality increases power factor in CeTe2-xSbx single crystals. The band structures of CeTe2 show the 2-dimensional (2D) Fermi surface nesting behavior as well as a 3-dimensional (3D) electron Fermi surface hindering the perfect charge density wave (CDW) gap opening. By hole doping with the substitution of Sb at the Te-site, the 3D-like Fermi surface disappears and the 2D perfect CDW gap opening enhances the power factor up to x = 0.1. With further hole doping, the Fermi surfaces become 3-dimensional structure with heavy hole bands. The enhancement of the power factor is observed near the dimensional crossover of CDW, at x = 0.1, where the CDW gap is maximized. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program (2011-0021335), Mid-career Research Program (Strategy) (No. 2012R1A2A1A03005174) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, and TJ Park Junior Faculty Fellowship funded by the POSCO TJ Park Foundation.

32 CFR 2400.38 - Protection of foreign government information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Protection of foreign government information. 2400.38 Section 2400.38 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.38 - Protection of foreign government information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Protection of foreign government information. 2400.38 Section 2400.38 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.38 - Protection of foreign government information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Protection of foreign government information. 2400.38 Section 2400.38 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.38 - Protection of foreign government information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Protection of foreign government information. 2400.38 Section 2400.38 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

32 CFR 2400.38 - Protection of foreign government information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Protection of foreign government information. 2400.38 Section 2400.38 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT E.O. 12356; OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY...

Are Boys That Bad? Gender Gaps in Measured Skills, Grades and Aspirations in Czech Elementary Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mateju, Petr; Smith, Michael L.

2015-01-01

This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils.…

Patterns and Trends in Achievement Gaps in Malaysian Secondary Schools (1999-2011): Gender, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saw, Guan Kung

2016-01-01

Educational inequality is a highly debated yet empirically understudied topic in Malaysia. This paper examines the patterns and trends of academic achievement gaps by student social groups in Malaysia, drawing upon nationally representative data for the most recent four cohorts (1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011) of eighth-grade Malaysian students from…

Foale works with the Pilot experiment during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-10-31

ISS008-E-05181 (31 October 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, works with the Russian biomedical “Pilot” experiment (MBI-15) in the Zvezda Service Module on the International Space Station (ISS). The experiment, which looks at psychological and physiological changes in crew performance during long-duration spaceflight, requires a worktable, ankle restraint system and two control handles for testing piloting skill.

Pettit runs a drill while looking through a camera mounted on the Nadir window in the U.S. Lab

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-04-05

ISS006-E-44305 (5 April 2003) --- Astronaut Donald R. Pettit, Expedition Six NASA ISS science officer, runs a drill while looking through a camera mounted on the nadir window in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). The device is called a “barn door tracker”. The drill turns the screw, which moves the camera and its spotting scope.

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition Seven crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-06-25

ISS007-E-08251 (25 June 2003) --- This photo featuring the San Francisco Bay area in California was photographed from the International Space Station (ISS) by astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer. The San Francisco Bay Bridge, Alcatraz Island, Golden Gate Bridge, and Golden Gate Park are visible at upper right. Stanford University and red salt ponds on the bay near Fremont at lower left.

Aurora Astralis taken by the Expedition Seven crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-06-03

ISS007-E-06077 (3 June 2003) --- This view featuring the Aurora Australis or “southern lights” was photographed by astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer aboard the International Space Station (ISS). When this was taken, the Station was in a position over the Indian Ocean, southwest of Australia. The four stars hanging above Earth’s limb are the brightest stars of the southern constellation Corvus.

In Situ Bioremediation of Energetic Compounds In Groundwater

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-01

Figure 1.2; Fournier et al., 2002; Bhushan et al., 2003). The Cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP177A1, XplA (XplA) has been identified as the key enzyme system...e.g., chlorine dioxide, sodium hypochlorite, and hydrogen peroxide), acid treatment, enzyme addition, liquid carbon dioxide, intermittent pumping...P450 system XplA/B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 104:16822-16827. Kaplan, D. L., and A. M. Kaplan. 1992. Thermophilic

Building Strong Partnerships: Responsible Inquiry to Learn and Grow Together TECBD-CCBD Keynote Address

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lane, Kathleen Lynne

2017-01-01

For many years people have discussed the research-to-practice gap in education. Recently, increased attention has been devoted to creating opportunities for practitioners and researchers to engage in highly collaborative partnerships from design to implementation to dissemination (e.g., Institute for Education Sciences, 2016). In this article, we…

Tuning the energy gap of bilayer α-graphyne by applying strain and electric field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Hang; Wu, Wen-Zhi; Jin, Yu; Wan-Lin, Guo

2016-02-01

Our density functional theory calculations show that the energy gap of bilayer α-graphyne can be modulated by a vertically applied electric field and interlayer strain. Like bilayer graphene, the bilayer α-graphyne has electronic properties that are hardly changed under purely mechanical strain, while an external electric field can open the gap up to 120 meV. It is of special interest that compressive strain can further enlarge the field induced gap up to 160 meV, while tensile strain reduces the gap. We attribute the gap variation to the novel interlayer charge redistribution between bilayer α-graphynes. These findings shed light on the modulation of Dirac cone structures and potential applications of graphyne in mechanical-electric devices. Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2013CB932604 and 2012CB933403), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51472117 and 51535005), the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, China (Grant No. 0414K01), the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) Fundamental Research Funds, China (Grant No. NP2015203), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of the 2002-2003 NASA SCIence Files(TM) Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pinelli, Thomas E.; Lambert, Matthew A.; Williams, Amy C.

2004-01-01

NASA SCIence Files (tm) is a research-, inquiry-, and standards-based, integrated mathematics, science, and technology series of 60-minute instructional distance learning (television and web-based) programs for students in grades 3-5. Respondents who evaluated the programs in the 2002-2003 NASA SCIence Files (tm) series reported that (1) they used the programs in the series; (2) the goals and objectives for the series were met; (3) the programs were aligned with the national mathematics, science, and technology standards; (4) the program content was developmentally appropriate for grade level; and (5) the programs in the series enhanced and enriched the teaching of mathematics, science, and technology.

The Future of Teaching Research in the Social Sciences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, C.

2009-01-01

Current literature on teaching research methodology in the social sciences highlights the changing nature of our world in terms of its complexity and diversity, and points to how this affects the way in which we search for answers to related problems (Brew 2003, 3; Tashakkori and Teddlie 2003, 74). New ways of approaching research problems that…

Economic, Educational and Cultural Predictors of Science Learning in Lithuania and Estonia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mikk, Jaan

2007-01-01

The aim of the research was to assess the economic, educational and cultural predictors of the TIMSS 2003 science test results in Lithuania and Estonia. The data for the research were received from the TIMSS 2003 User Guide for the International Database. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients, calculated on the students' level and the schools…

Trends in Gender Differences in Mathematics and Science (TIMSS 1995-2003)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neuschmidt, Oliver; Barth, Juliane; Hastedt, Dirk

2008-01-01

This article investigates changes in gender differences evident in the performance of grade 8th grade students participating in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) between 1995 and 2003. Gender specific results and patterns found in TIMSS 1995 were compared with later cycles of the study in order to address the…

Project CUES: A New Middle-School Earth System Science Curriculum Being Developed by the American Geological Institute

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, M. C.; Smith, M. J.; Lederman, N.; Southard, J. B.; Rogers, E. A.; Callahan, C. N.

2002-12-01

Project CUES is a middle-school earth systems science curriculum project under development by the American Geological Institute (AGI) and funded by the National Science Foundation (ESI-0095938). CUES features a student-centered, inquiry pedagogy and approaches earth science from a systems perspective. CUES will use the expanded learning cycle approach of Trowbridge and Bybee (1996), known as the 5E model (engage-explore-explain-elaborate-evaluate). Unlike AGI's Investigating Earth Systems (IES) curriculum modules, CUES will include a single hard-bound textbook, and will take one school-year to complete. The textbook includes a prologue that addresses systems concepts and four main units: Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, and Biosphere. Each eight-week unit takes students through a progression from guided inquiry to open-ended, student-driven inquiry. During first 4 to 5 weeks of each unit, students explore important earth science phenomena and concepts through scripted investigations and narrative reading passages written by scientists as "inquiry narratives". The narratives address the development of scientific ideas and relay the personal experiences of a scientist during their scientific exploration. Aspects of the nature of science will be explicitly addressed in investigations and inquiry narratives. After the guided inquiry, students will develop a research proposal and conduct their own inquiry into local or regional scientific problems. Each unit culminates with a science conference at which students present their research. CUES will be the first NSF-funded, comprehensive earth systems textbook for middle school that is based on national standards. CUES will be pilot tested in 12 classrooms in January 2003, with a national field test of the program in 50 classrooms during the 2003-2004 school year.

High throughput light absorber discovery, Part 2: Establishing structure–band gap energy relationships

DOE PAGES

Suram, Santosh K.; Newhouse, Paul F.; Zhou, Lan; ...

2016-09-23

Combinatorial materials science strategies have accelerated materials development in a variety of fields, and we extend these strategies to enable structure-property mapping for light absorber materials, particularly in high order composition spaces. High throughput optical spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction are combined to identify the optical properties of Bi-V-Fe oxides, leading to the identification of Bi 4V 1.5Fe 0.5O 10.5 as a light absorber with direct band gap near 2.7 eV. Here, the strategic combination of experimental and data analysis techniques includes automated Tauc analysis to estimate band gap energies from the high throughput spectroscopy data, providing an automated platformmore » for identifying new optical materials.« less

High throughput light absorber discovery, Part 2: Establishing structure–band gap energy relationships

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Suram, Santosh K.; Newhouse, Paul F.; Zhou, Lan

Combinatorial materials science strategies have accelerated materials development in a variety of fields, and we extend these strategies to enable structure-property mapping for light absorber materials, particularly in high order composition spaces. High throughput optical spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction are combined to identify the optical properties of Bi-V-Fe oxides, leading to the identification of Bi 4V 1.5Fe 0.5O 10.5 as a light absorber with direct band gap near 2.7 eV. Here, the strategic combination of experimental and data analysis techniques includes automated Tauc analysis to estimate band gap energies from the high throughput spectroscopy data, providing an automated platformmore » for identifying new optical materials.« less

High Throughput Light Absorber Discovery, Part 2: Establishing Structure-Band Gap Energy Relationships.

PubMed

Suram, Santosh K; Newhouse, Paul F; Zhou, Lan; Van Campen, Douglas G; Mehta, Apurva; Gregoire, John M

2016-11-14

Combinatorial materials science strategies have accelerated materials development in a variety of fields, and we extend these strategies to enable structure-property mapping for light absorber materials, particularly in high order composition spaces. High throughput optical spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction are combined to identify the optical properties of Bi-V-Fe oxides, leading to the identification of Bi 4 V 1.5 Fe 0.5 O 10.5 as a light absorber with direct band gap near 2.7 eV. The strategic combination of experimental and data analysis techniques includes automated Tauc analysis to estimate band gap energies from the high throughput spectroscopy data, providing an automated platform for identifying new optical materials.

Relationship Between Teacher Inquiry Science Instruction Self-Efficacy and Student Achievement

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanners, Grace D.

Standardized test data indicate that student achievement in science is a problem both nationally and locally. At the study site, only a small percentage of fifth-grade students score at the advanced level on the Maryland state science assessment (MSA). In addition, the performance of African American, economically disadvantaged, and special education students is well below that of the general student population. Some studies have shown that teacher self-efficacy affects student achievement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between fifth-grade teacher inquiry science instruction self-efficacy scores and the scores of their students on the MSA. Bandura's work on the effect of self-efficacy on human behavior provided the theoretical basis for this study. The research questions examined the relationship between teacher inquiry science instructional self-efficacy scores and students' science MSA scores as well as the relationship by student subgroups. A correlational research design was used. The Teaching Science as Inquiry survey instrument was used to quantify teacher self-efficacy, and archival MSA data were the source for student scores. The study included data from 22 teachers and 1,625 of their students. A 2-tailed Pearson coefficient analysis revealed significant, positive relationships with regard to overall student achievement ( r20 = .724, p < .01) and the achievement of each of the subgroups (African American: r20 = .549, p < .01; economically disadvantaged: r20 = .655, p < .01; and special education: r18 = .532, p < .05). The results of this study present an opportunity for positive social change because the local school system can provide professional development that may increase teacher inquiry science instruction self-efficacy as a possible means to improve overall science achievement and to reduce achievement gaps.

Quantifying the Gender Gap in Science Interests

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baram-Tsabari, Ayelet; Yarden, Anat

2011-01-01

Nearly 5,000 self-generated science-related K-12 students' questions, classified into seven science subjects, were used to quantitatively measure the gender gap in science interests and its change with age. In this data set, a difference between boys' and girls' science interests did not exist during early childhood, but increased over 20-fold by…

STS-107 Microgravity Environment Summary Report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jules, Kenol; Hrovat, Kenneth; Kelly, Eric; Reckhart, Timothy

2005-01-01

This summary report presents the results of the processed acceleration data measured aboard the Columbia orbiter during the STS-107 microgravity mission from January 16 to February 1, 2003. Two accelerometer systems were used to measure the acceleration levels due to vehicle and science operations activities that took place during the 16-day mission. Due to lack of precise timeline information regarding some payload's operations, not all of the activities were analyzed for this report. However, a general characterization of the microgravity environment of the Columbia Space Shuttle during the 16-day mission is presented followed by a more specific characterization of the environment for some designated payloads during their operations. Some specific quasi-steady and vibratory microgravity environment characterization analyses were performed for the following payloads: Structure of Flame Balls at Low Lewis-number-2, Laminar Soot Processes-2, Mechanics of Granular Materials-3 and Water Mist Fire-Suppression Experiment. The Physical Science Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration sponsors the Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment and the Space Acceleration Measurement System for Free Flyer to support microgravity science experiments, which require microgravity acceleration measurements. On January 16, 2003, both the Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment and the Space Acceleration Measurement System for Free Flyer accelerometer systems were launched on the Columbia Space Transportation System-107 from the Kennedy Space Center. The Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment supported science experiments requiring quasi-steady acceleration measurements, while the Space Acceleration Measurement System for Free Flyer unit supported experiments requiring vibratory acceleration measurement. The Columbia reduced gravity environment analysis presented in this report uses acceleration data collected by these two sets of accelerometer systems: The Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment is a low frequency sensor, which measures acceleration up to 1 Hz, but the 1 Hz acceleration data is trimmean filtered to yield much lower frequency acceleration data up to 0.01 Hz. This filtered data can be mapped to other locations for characterizing the quasi-steady environment for payloads and the vehicle. The Space Acceleration Measurement System for Free Flyer measures vibratory acceleration in the range of 0.01 to 200 Hz at multiple measurement locations. The vibratory acceleration data measured by this system is used to assess the local vibratory environment for payloads as well as to measure the disturbance causes by the vehicle systems, crew exercise devices and payloads operation disturbances. This summary report presents analysis of selected quasi-steady and vibratory activities measured by these two accelerometers during the Columbia 16-day microgravity mission from January 16 to February 1, 2003.

Trends in Medicaid physician fees, 2003-2008.

PubMed

Zuckerman, Stephen; Williams, Aimee F; Stockley, Karen E

2009-01-01

Medicaid physician fees increased 15.1 percent, on average, between 2003 and 2008. This was below the general rate of inflation, resulting in a reduction in real fees. Only primary care fees grew at the rate of inflation-20 percent between 2003 and 2008. However, because of slow growth in Medicare fees, Medicaid fees closed a small portion of their ongoing gap relative to Medicare-growing from 69 percent to 72 percent of Medicare. The increase in Medicaid fees relative to Medicare fees resulted from relative increases for primary care and obstetrical services, but not for other services.

The Socioeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS on Education Outcomes in Uganda: School Enrolment and the Schooling Gap in 2002/2003

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kasirye, Ibrahim; Hisali, Eria

2010-01-01

Due to high prime-age mortality--a result of the HIV/AIDS scourge, the number of orphans in Uganda continues to rise. Using the 2002/2003 Uganda National Household Survey, this paper investigates how HIV/AIDS orphan status affects schooling enrolment and grade progression. Our results show that HIV/AIDS orphans are not significantly less likely to…

Earth and Space Science Ph.D. Class of 2003 Report released

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Keelor, Brad

AGU and the American Geological Institute (AGI) released on 26 July an employment study of 180 Earth and space science Ph.D. recipients who received degrees from U.S. universities in 2003. The AGU/AGI survey asked graduates about their education and employment, efforts to find their first job after graduation, and experiences in graduate school. Key results from the study include: The vast majority (87%) of 2003 graduates found work in the Earth and space sciences, earning salaries commensurate with or slightly higher than 2001 and 2002 salary averages. Most (64%) graduates were employed within academia (including postdoctoral appointments), with the remainder in government (19%), industry (10%), and other (7%) sectors. Most graduates were positive about their employment situation and found that their work was challenging, relevant, and appropriate for someone with a Ph.D. The percentage of Ph.D. recipients accepting postdoctoral positions (58%) increased slightly from 2002. In contrast, the fields of physics and chemistry showed significant increases in postdoctoral appointments for Ph.D.s during the same time period. As in previous years, recipients of Ph.D.s in the Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences (median age of 32.7 years) are slightly older than Ph.D. recipients in most other natural sciences (except computer sciences), which is attributed to time taken off between undergraduate and graduate studies. Women in the Earth, atmospheric,and ocean sciences earned 33% of Ph.D.s in the class of 2003, surpassing the percentage of Ph.D.s earned by women in chemistry (32%) and well ahead of the percentage in computer sciences (20%), physics (19%), and engineering (17%). Participation of other underrepresented groups in the Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences remained extremely low.

Blockade of brain stem gap junctions increases phrenic burst frequency and reduces phrenic burst synchronization in adult rat.

PubMed

Solomon, Irene C; Chon, Ki H; Rodriguez, Melissa N

2003-01-01

Recent investigations have examined the influence of gap junctional communication on generation and modulation of respiratory rhythm and inspiratory motoneuron synchronization in vitro using transverse medullary slice and en bloc brain stem-spinal cord preparations obtained from neonatal (1-5 days postnatal) mice. Gap junction proteins, however, have been identified in both neurons and glia in brain stem regions implicated in respiratory control in both neonatal and adult rodents. Here, we used an in vitro arterially perfused rat preparation to examine the role of gap junctional communication on generation and modulation of respiratory rhythm and inspiratory motoneuron synchronization in adult rodents. We recorded rhythmic inspiratory motor activity from one or both phrenic nerves before and during pharmacological blockade (i.e., uncoupling) of brain stem gap junctions using carbenoxolone (100 microM), 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (25-100 microM), 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid (25-100 microM), octanol (200-300 microM), or heptanol (200 microM). During perfusion with a gap junction uncoupling agent, we observed an increase in the frequency of phrenic bursts (~95% above baseline frequency; P < 0.001) and a decrease in peak amplitude of integrated phrenic nerve discharge (P < 0.001). The increase in frequency of phrenic bursts resulted from a decrease in both T(I) (P < 0.01) and T(E) (P < 0.01). In addition, the pattern of phrenic nerve discharge shifted from an augmenting discharge pattern to a "bell-shaped" or square-wave discharge pattern in most experiments. Spectral analyses using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm revealed a reduction in the peak power of both the 40- to 50-Hz peak (corresponding to the MFO) and 90- to 110-Hz peak (corresponding to the HFO) although spurious higher frequency activity (> or =130 Hz) was observed, suggesting an overall loss or reduction in inspiratory-phase synchronization. Although additional experiments are required to identify the specific brain stem regions and cell types (i.e., neurons, glia) mediating the observed modulations in phrenic motor output, these findings suggest that gap junction communication modulates generation of respiratory rhythm and inspiratory motoneuron synchronization in adult rodents in vitro.

Bridging the Gap: The Role of Research in Science Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adams, M. L.; Michael, P. J.

2001-12-01

Teaching in K-12 science classrooms across the country does not accurately model the real processes of science. To fill this gap, programs that integrate science education and research are imperative. Teachers Experiencing Antarctica and the Arctic (TEA) is a program sponsored and supported by many groups including NSF, the Division of Elementary, Secondary, and Informal Education (ESIE), and the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). It places teachers in partnerships with research scientists conducting work in polar regions. TEA immerses K-12 teachers in the processes of scientific investigation and enables conveyance of the experience to the educational community and public at large. The TEA program paired me with Dr. Peter Michael from the University of Tulsa to participate in AMORE (Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge Expedition) 2001. This international mission, combining the efforts of the USCGC Healy and RV Polarstern, involved cutting-edge research along the geologically and geophysically unsampled submarine Gakkel Ridge. While in the field, I was involved with dredge operations, CTD casts, rock cataloging/ processing, and bathymetric mapping. While immersed in these aspects of research, daily journals documented the scientific research and human aspects of life and work on board the Healy. E-mail capabilities allowed the exchange of hundreds of questions, answers and comments over the course of our expedition. The audience included students, numerous K-12 teachers, research scientists, NSF personnel, strangers, and the press. The expedition interested and impacted hundreds of individuals as it was proceeding. The knowledge gained by science educators through research expeditions promotes an understanding of what research science is all about. It gives teachers a framework on which to build strong, well-prepared students with a greater awareness of the role and relevance of scientific research. Opportunities such as this provide valauble partnerships that bridge the gap between science education and research science, and the results can greatly impact the lives of many individuals.

The Cryospheres of Mars and Ceres - What thermal observations tell us about near surface ice.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Titus, T. N.; Li, J. Y.; Moullet, A.

2017-12-01

Mars and Ceres both have near surface water ice that forms a cryosphere at polar latitudes. Gamma ray and neutron observations have provided important constraints on the location and depths of the cryosphere for both planetary bodies, but these observations have very low spatial resolution [e.g. 1, 2]. Thermal observations, which are also sensitive to the presence of a near-surface cryosphere as demonstrated by several studies of Mars [e.g. 3, 4], provide additional constraints. Thermal observations can identify depth to the cryosphere (as long as it is within a few thermal skin depths) and water-ice stability. This presentation will compare both the similarities and the differences of these two planetary cryospheres, as well as the thermal observations from Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) [5], the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) [6], and publically available Dawn Visible Infrared spectrometer (VIR) [7]. The KRC thermal model [8] will use these observed surface temperatures to constrain depths to near surface ice (i.e. the cyropshere). References: [1] Feldman et al., 2002, Science, 297(5578), 75-78. [2] Prettyman et al., 2017, Science, 355(6320), 55-59. [3] Titus et al., 2003, Science, 299(5609), 1048-1051 [4] Mellon et al., 2008, JGR, 113(E12), CiteID E00A25. [5] Christensen et al., 1998, Science, 279(5357), 1692. [6] Wootten A. et al. (2015) IAU General Assembly, Meeting #29, #2237199 [7] de Santis et al., 2011, Space Science Reviews, 163(1-4), 329-369. [8] Kieffer, 2013, JGR, 118, Issue 3, pp. 451-470.

23 CFR 200.3 - Application of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Application of this part. 200.3 Section 200.3 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CIVIL RIGHTS TITLE VI PROGRAM AND RELATED... listed under § 200.5(p) of this part. Title VI requirements for 23 U.S.C. 402 will be covered under a...

23 CFR 200.3 - Application of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Application of this part. 200.3 Section 200.3 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CIVIL RIGHTS TITLE VI PROGRAM AND RELATED... listed under § 200.5(p) of this part. Title VI requirements for 23 U.S.C. 402 will be covered under a...

23 CFR 200.3 - Application of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Application of this part. 200.3 Section 200.3 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CIVIL RIGHTS TITLE VI PROGRAM AND RELATED... listed under § 200.5(p) of this part. Title VI requirements for 23 U.S.C. 402 will be covered under a...

23 CFR 200.3 - Application of this part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application of this part. 200.3 Section 200.3 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CIVIL RIGHTS TITLE VI PROGRAM AND RELATED... listed under § 200.5(p) of this part. Title VI requirements for 23 U.S.C. 402 will be covered under a...

TOWARDS REFINED USE OF TOXICITY DATA IN ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

In 2003, an International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Working Group examined the potential of statistically based structure-activity relationship (SAR) models for use in screening environmental contaminants for possible developmental toxicants. In 2003, an International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Working Group examined the potential of statistically based structure-activity relationship (SAR) models for use in screening environmental contaminants for possible developmental toxicants.

Capability Gap Assessment - Blending Warfighter Experience with Science

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-02-15

This technical report describes the gap assessment method and the results of using it. 15. SUBJECT TERMS capability gap assessment, operational risk ...29 Challenges ...approach that blends warfighter experience with science. This paper describes the process, challenges , and opportunities associated with this technique

NATO Transformation: Prospects for and Constraints on Bridging the Capability Gap

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-06-01

Kosovo.14 The international community initiated one last diplomatic effort on 22 March where U.S. Ambassador Richard Holbrooke aimed to convince...York: Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, 2003), pp. 83-84. 89 David C. Gompert, Richard L. Kugler and Martin C. Libicki, Mind the Gap...185 Air Vice-Marshal Andrew Vallance , A Radically New Command Structure for NATO, NATO Review

New Results and Synthesis from SMART-1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foing, Bernard H.

2012-07-01

We present new SMART-1 results recently published and give a synthesis of mission highlights and legacy. SMART-1 demonstrated the use of Solar Electric Propulsion that will be useful for Bepi-Colombo and future deep-space missions, tested new technologies for spacecraft and instruments miniaturisation, and provided an opportunity for science [1-12]. The SMART-1 spacecraft operated on a science orbit for 18 months until impact on 3 September 2006. To date, 72 refereed papers and more than 325 conference or technical papers have been published based on SMART-1 (see ADS on SMART-1 scitech website). The SMART-1 data are accessible on the ESA Planetary Science Archive PSA [13]. Recent SMART-1 published results using these archives include: Multi-angular photometry of Mare and specific regions to diagnose the regolith roughness and to constrain models of light re ection and scattering [14] that can be extended to understand the surface of other moons and asteroids; the SMART-1 impact observed from Earth was modelled using laboratory experiments predicting the size of asymmetric crater and ejecta [15]; the lunar North and South polar illumination was mapped and monitored over the entire year, permitting to identify SMART-1 peaks of quasi-eternal light" and to derive their topography [16, 17]; SMART-1 was also used for radio occultation experiments [18], and the X-Ray Solar Monitor data were used for activity and are studies of the Sun as a star in conjunction with GOES AND RHESSI [19] or to design future coronal X-ray instruments [20]. The SMART-1 archive observations have been used to support Kaguya, Chandrayaan-1, Chang'E 1, the US Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, the LCROSS impact, and to characterise potential sites relevant for lunar science and future exploration. Credits and links: we acknowledge members of SMART-1 Science and Technology Working Team and collaborators. SMART-1 Scitech or public websites: sci.esa.int/smart-1 or www.esa.int/smart-1 References [1] Foing etal (2001) EMP 85-523; [2] Racca et al (2002) EMP 85-379; [3] Racca et al. (2002) PSS 50-1323; [4] Grande et al. (2003) PSS51-427; [5] Dunkin et al. (2003) PSS 51-435; [6] Huovelin et al. (2002) PSS50-1345; [7] Shkuratov et al (2003) JGRE 108-E4-1; [8] Foing et al (2003) ASR 31-2323; [9] Grande et al (2007) PSS 55-494; [10] Pinet et al (2005) PSS 53-1309; [11] Josset etal (2006) ASR 37-14; [12] Foing et al (2006) ASR 37-6; [13] http://www.rssd.esa.int/psa [14] Muinonen et al (2011) AA 531-150; [15] Burchell et al (2010) Icarus 207-28; 16] Grieger (2010) cosp 38-417; [17] Bussey et al (2011) LPI CO-1621-5; [18] Pluchino et al MSAItS 16-152; [19] Vaananen et al (2009) SolarPhys 260-479; [20] Alha et al (2012)NIMPA 664, 358

Detection of dominant runoff generation processes for catchment classification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gioia, A.; Manfreda, S.; Iacobellis, V.; Fiorentino, M.

2009-04-01

The identification of similar hydroclimatic regions in order to reduce the uncertainty on flood prediction in ungauged basins, represents one of the most exciting challenges faced by hydrologists in the last few years (e.g., IAHS Decade on Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB) - Sivapalan et al. [2003]). In this context, the investigation of the dominant runoff generation mechanisms may provide a strategy for catchment classification and identification of hydrologically homogeneous group of basins. In particular, the present study focuses on two classical schemes responsible of runoff production: saturation and infiltration excess. Thus, in principle, the occurrence of either mechanism may be detected in the same basin according to the climatic forcing. Here the dynamics of runoff generation are investigated over a set of basins in order to identify the dynamics which are responsible of the transition between the two schemes and to recognize homogeneous group of basins. We exploit a basin characterization obtained by means of a theoretical flood probability distribution, which was applied on a broad number of arid and humid river basins belonging to the Southern Italy region, with aim to describe the effect of different runoff production mechanisms in the generation of ordinary and extraordinary flood events. Sivapalan, M., Takeuchi, K., Franks, S. W., Gupta, V. K., Karambiri, H., Lakshmi, V., Liang, X., McDonnell, J. J., Mendiondo, E. M., O'Connell, P. E., Oki, T., Pomeroy, J. W., Schertzer, D., Uhlenbrook, S. and Zehe, E.: IAHS Decade on Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB), 2003-2012: Shaping an exciting future for the hydrological sciences, Hydrol. Sci. J., 48(6), 857-880, 2003.

75 FR 32463 - Notice of Receipt of Several Pesticide Petitions Filed for Residues of Pesticide Chemicals in or...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-08

... CropScience, P.O. Box 12014, 2 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, proposes to...-5967, e-mail address: [email protected] . 5. PP 0F7706. (EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0311). Bayer CropScience... commodities poultry, fat at 0.1 ppm; poultry, meat byproducts at 0.1 ppm; poultry, meat at 0.1 ppm; and eggs...

Usability and Utility of a Mobile Application for Marksmanship Training

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-01-01

Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of National Defence, 2015 © Sa Majesté la Reine (en droit du Canada), telle que représentée par le...Empirical Evaluation of the System Usability Scale. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 24(6), 574-594. BenMoussa, C. (2003). Workers on...Behavioral and Social Sciences. Jumisko-Pyykko, S., & Vainio, T. (2011). Framing the Context of Use for Mobile HCI. International Journal of Mobile

Crew Earth Observations (CEO) taken during Expedition Six

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-03-19

ISS006-E-40113 (19 March 2003) --- An oblique view of the South Island of New Zealand as photographed from the International Space Station by astronaut Donald R. Pettit, NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer for Expedition 6. Nadir point coordinates of the picture are 45.5 degrees south latitude and 166.5 degrees east longitude. The International Space Station was flying at an altitude of 211 nautical miles (391 kilometers) when the photo was taken.

Priorities for implementing nutritional science into practice to optimize military performance.

PubMed

Elfenbaum, Pamela; Crawford, Cindy; Enslein, Viviane; Berry, Kevin

2017-06-01

The Metabolically Optimized Brain study explores nutritional science believed to be ready to place into practice to help improve US service member mission-readiness and performance. To this end, an implementation expert panel considered how the US Department of Defense Subsistence Food Service Program, which is operated by each branch of the military in dining facilities within the continental United States, could apply the best nutritional science in a cost-effective manner. The work of this panel was facilitated through a series of thematic conversations guided by evidence generated through systematic reviews, which were performed to identify systems and process gaps and propose possible solutions. The expert panel used a Delphi method of multiple voting, and ultimately proposed 11 systems changes, of which 6 were ranked as highest priority. The proposed highest priority changes were then discussed by the participants with additional stakeholders. The process described here highlights how experts from different sectors operating in a complex system of subsystems can come together to cross talk, identify gaps, and propose mutually beneficial system and process changes to improve the alignment of nutritional science and institutional food-service practice. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Women in Academic Science: Experimental Findings from Hiring Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ceci, Stephen J.

2018-01-01

Although women are underrepresented in the most mathematically intensive fields, the gender gap in these fields has narrowed over the past 2 decades. In my E. L. Thorndike address I summarized the temporal trends in sex differences for 8 fields and considered factors that drive both the underrepresentation of women and its recent narrowing. I…

Crystal and electronic structure of copper sulfides

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lukashev, Pavel

Copper sulfides with different copper concentration exist in mineral form ranging from CuS to Cu2S. Among these, chalcosite Cu 2S, and digenite Cu1.8S were the subject of extensive research for decades mainly because of their use as the absorber in photovoltaic cells. Yet; their electronic structure is poorly understood because their crystal structure is complex. Most of the results published so far report the semiconducting nature of these compounds with the energy band gap being in the range of 0.84 to 1.9 eV. The crystal structure consists of a close-packed lattice of S with mobile Cu occupying various types of interstitial sites with a statistical distribution depending on temperature. In this thesis we present the first computational study of their electronic band structure. Initially, we investigated the simpler antifluorite structure. Both local density approximation (LDA) and self-consistent quasiparticle GW calculations with the full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method give a semimetallic band structure. Inspection of the nature of the bands shows that the lowest conduction band is mainly Cu-s-like except right near the center of the Brillouin zone where a Cu-s-like state lies about 1 eV below the valence band maximum. Significantly, in GW calculations, this state shifts up by several 0.1 eV but not sufficiently to open a gap. A random distortion of the Cu atoms from the perfect antifluorite positions is found to break the degeneracy of the d state at the Gamma-point and thus opens up a small gap of about 0.1 eV in LDA. As our next step we constructed supercell models for the cubic and hexagonal phases with the Cu positions determined by a weighted random number generator. The low temperature monoclinic phase was also studied. The computed total energies of these structures follow the same order as the reported phases with increasing temperatures. All these models gave similar small band gaps of order 0.1-0.2 eV. However, their conduction band is now mainly s-like and addition of an expected Cu-s level shift opens the gap to about 0.5 eV. Some simpler hexagonal model structures gave slightly larger band gap but were found to be unrealistic. The optical absorption data all show a strong intraband absorption with a minimum in absorption at about 1 eV. Our calculations suggest a significantly lower gap of order 0.5 eV with low absorption cross section, the true nature of which is masked by the free carrier absorption. As part of our study of the related Cu-compounds, we analyzed the quasiparticle effects beyond LDA obtained from a GW calculation on the effective masses and Kohn-Luttinger hamiltonian parameters for CuBr.

Bioavailability of Allelochemicals in Soil

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-02-27

knapweed species has been noted (Goslee et at., 2001; Grant et al., 2003; Hierro and Callaway, 2003). Yet, very little is known about the sorption of...Environmental Science & Technology 31:321-326. Hierro , J.L., and R.M. Callaway. 2003. Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion. Plant and Soil 256:29-39

24 CFR 2003.7 - Authority to make law enforcement-related requests for records maintained by other agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Authority to make law enforcement-related requests for records maintained by other agencies. 2003.7 Section 2003.7 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued) OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT...

Retrospective ecotoxicological data and current information needs for terrestrial vertebrates residing in coastal habitat of the United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rattner, B.A.; Eisenreich, K.M.; Golden, N.H.; McKernan, M.A.; Hothem, R.L.; Custer, T.W.

2005-01-01

The Contaminant Exposure and Effects—Terrestrial Vertebrates (CEE-TV) database was developed to conduct simple searches for ecotoxicological information, examine exposure trends, and identify significant data gaps. The CEE-TV database contains 16,696 data records on free-ranging amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals residing in estuarine and coastal habitats of the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts, Alaska, Hawaii, and the Great Lakes. Information in the database was derived from over 1800 source documents, representing 483 unique species (about 252,000 individuals), with sample collection dates spanning from 1884 to 2003. The majority of the records contain exposure data (generally contaminant concentrations) on a limited number (n = 209) of chlorinated and brominated compounds, cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides, economic poisons, metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons, whereas only 9.3% of the records contain biomarker or bioindicator effects data. Temporal examination of exposure data provides evidence of declining concentrations of certain organochlorine pesticides in some avian species (e.g., ospreys, Pandion haliaetus), and an apparent increase in the detection and possibly the incidence of avian die-offs related to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. To identify spatial data gaps, 11,360 database records with specific sampling locations were combined with the boundaries of coastal watersheds, and National Wildlife Refuge and National Park units. Terrestrial vertebrate ecotoxicological data were lacking in 41.9% of 464 coastal watersheds in the continental United States. Recent (1990–2003) terrestrial vertebrate contaminant exposure or effects data were available for only about half of the National Wildlife Refuge and National Park units in the geographic area encompassed by the database. When these data gaps were overlaid on watersheds exhibiting serious water quality problems and/or high vulnerability to pollution, 72 coastal watersheds, and 76 National Wildlife Refuge and 59 National Park units in the continental United States were found to lack recent terrestrial vertebrate ecotoxicology data. Delineation of data gaps in watersheds of concern can help prioritize monitoring in areas with impaired water quality and emphasize the need for comprehensive monitoring to gain a more complete understanding of coastal ecosystem health.

Teaching/learning styles, performance, and students' teaching evaluation in S/T/E/S-focused science teacher education: A quasiquantitative probe of a case study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toller, Uri

In response to the new needs for S/T/E/S-literate science teachers, an S/T/E/S-oriented ISMMC-IEE combination model of instruction was implemented in two specially designed undergraduate courses and one graduate course within college science teacher training programs. These three courses served as case studies for class-based, quasiquantitative pilot investigation aimed at gaining a deeper insight into some of the issues involved in the implementation in college of nontraditional, open-ended, problem-solving-oriented teaching strategies which are in dissonance with the cognitive or affective styles and functional paradigms of most students. This probe into the dissonance issue revealed that prospective teachers are capable of handling the new instructional model and do gain in their higher-level cognitive learning. However, undergraduates perceive these courses to be either difficult or not in accord with their needs, and their appreciation of the instructional techniques and style employed is different from that of graduate students accordingly. The current study suggests that although the ISMMC-IEE model is useful in S/T/E/S-oriented courses in science teacher training programs, special attention to the implementation stage is required to close the gap between students' and S/T/E/S educators' functional paradigms.

Pulsar Emission Geometry and Accelerating Field Strength

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-01

ar X iv :1 11 1. 03 25 v1 [ as tr o- ph .H E ] 1 N ov 2 01 1 2011 Fermi Symposium, Roma., May. 9-12 1 Pulsar Emission Geometry and Accelerating...observations of gamma-ray pulsars have opened a new window to understanding the generation mechanisms of high-energy emission from these systems. The high...the Vela and CTA 1 pulsars with simulated high-energy light curves generated from geometrical representations of the outer gap and slot gap emission

Structure of Black Male Students Academic Achievement in Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rascoe, Barbara

Educational policies and practices have been largely unsuccessful in closing the achievement gap between Black and White students "Schwartz, 2001". This achievement gap is especially problematic for Black students in science "Maton, Hrabrowski, - Schmitt, 2000. Given the fact that the Black-White achievement gap is still an enigma, the purpose of this article is to address the Black female-Black male academic achievement gap in science majors. Addressing barriers that Black male students may experience as college science and engineering majors, this article presents marketing strategies relative to politics, emotional intelligence, and issues with respect to how science teaching, and Black male students' responses to it, are different. Many Black male students may need to experience a paradigm shift, which structures and enhances their science achievement. Paradigm shifts are necessary because exceptional academic ability and motivation are not enough to get Black males from their first year in a science, technology, education, and mathematics "STEM" major to a bachelor's degree in science and engineering. The conclusions focus on the balance of truth-slippery slopes concerning the confluence of science teachers' further ado and Black male students' theories, methods, and values that position their academic achievement in science and engineering majors.

Learn about effective collaboration processes, tools and outcomes for science education professionals and scientists: NASA's Heliophysics Science Education and Public Outreach Forum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peticolas, L. M.; Bartolone, L. M.; Cobabe-Ammann, E. A.; Paglierani, R.; Mendez, B. J.; Nichols, M.; Davis, H.; Ali, N. A.

2012-12-01

NASA has funded four Science Education and Public Outreach Forums (SEPOFs) that work closely with NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD) and with each other to support and coordinate NASA's science education and public outreach activities. The Heliophysics E/PO Forum is one of these forums. The currently funded program has been operating for 3 years. The work of the Heliophysics E/PO Forum has resulted in several deliverables. 1) We have continued and further developed a 'community of practice' for Heliophysics E/PO professionals, which includes an on-line workspace for the heliophysics community (and other NASA SEPOF communities), monthly features of Heliophysics educational programs and products and the people who run the programs and develop the products, monthly tag-ups for Heliophysics E/PO professionals funded by NASA, an annual 'internal' workshop for this community, professional development opportunities, a structure for reporting information to NASA, and a weekly newsletter; 2) We have created tools for scientists interested in doing education and public outreach; 3) We have created workshops for faculty teaching Heliophysics topics; 4) We have analyzed heliophysics educational products in order to classify them both for 'gap analysis' as well as for use in a digital catalogue of science educational resources; and 5) We have worked on several cross-forum initiatives including professional development opportunities, working groups, a digital library of science educational resources, reporting support for NASA SMD, and the on-line workspace infrastructure and design. We present evaluation data on the impact of these deliverables in meeting our goals and objectives specifically for the Heliophysics E/PO Forum. We also discuss our perspectives on the benefits of working closely with the other NASA science E/PO Forums. We share how the Heliophysics E/PO Forum can benefit scientists in their E/PO efforts as well.

15 CFR 772.1 - Definitions of terms as used in the Export Administration Regulations (EAR).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2003-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 2 2003-01-01 2003-01-01 false Definitions of terms as used in the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). 772.1 Section 772.1 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade (Continued) BUREAU OF INDUSTRY AND SECURITY, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE EXPORT ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS DEFINITION...

The Dynamical Structure Factor of NiO and CoO*

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Larson, B. C.; Zschack, P.; Finkelstein, K. D.; Ku, Wei; Restrepo, O.; Equiluz, A. G.

2005-03-01

Non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) and ab initio dynamical electronic response calculations have been used to investigate highly correlated transition metal monoxides NiO and CoO. Absolute IXS measurements were made as a function of the magnitude and orientation of momentum transfers, q, at the APS and CHESS using energy resolution ranging from 0.3 -- 1.1 eV. In addition to ˜4 eV energy gaps observed for all q, sharp excitonic peaks were observed below the gap of both NiO and CoO for momentum transfers higher than ˜2 A-1. Comparisons of S(q,w) measurements with dynamical response calculations performed within LDA+U (including crystal field effects) show that the gap energy and the electronic response above the gap are described by U ˜8 eV within RPA for low q-values. However, the excitonic peaks are not described by LDA+U calculations, nor are the calculated S(q,w) spectra in agreement with the measured response for large q. The results will be compared with resonant x-ray emission and resonant electron energy loss spectra in the literature. *Work at the APS supported by the DOE Office of Science, DMS under contract with ORNL, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC; UNI-CAT is supported by UIUC, ORNL, NIST and UOP Res., Inc. The APS is supported by the DOE and CHESS is supported by the NSF.

Clinical service organisation for heart failure

PubMed Central

Taylor, Stephanie JC; Bestall, Janine C; Cotter, Sarah; Falshaw, Margaret; Hood, Sonja G; Parsons, Suzanne; Wood, Lesley; Underwood, Martin

2014-01-01

Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a serious, common condition associated with frequent hospitalisation. Several different disease management interventions (clinical service organisation interventions) for patients with CHF have been proposed. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of disease management interventions for patients with CHF. Search methods We searched: Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials (to June 2003); MEDLINE (January 1966 to July 2003); EMBASE (January 1980 to July 2003); CINAHL (January 1982 to July 2003); AMED (January 1985 to July 2003); Science Citation Index Expanded (searched January 1981 to March 2001); SIGLE (January 1980 to July 2003); DARE (July 2003); National Research Register (July 2003); NHS Economic Evaluations Database (March 2001); reference lists of articles and asked experts in the field. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials comparing disease management interventions specifically directed at patients with CHF to usual care. Data collection and analysis At least two reviewers independently extracted data information and assessed study quality. Study authors were contacted for further information where necessary. Main results Sixteen trials involving 1,627 people were included. We classified the interventions into three models: multidisciplinary interventions (a holistic approach bridging the gap between hospital admission and discharge home delivered by a team); case management interventions (intense monitoring of patients following discharge often involving telephone follow up and home visits); and clinic interventions (follow up in a CHF clinic). There was considerable overlap within these categories, however the components, intensity and duration of the interventions varied. Case management interventions tended to be associated with reduced all cause mortality but these findings were not statistically significant (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 1.10, P = 0.23), although the evidence was stronger when analysis was limited to the better quality studies (odds ratio 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 0.98, P = 0.04). There was weak evidence that case management interventions may be associated with a reduction in admissions for heart failure. It is unclear what the effective components of the case management interventions are. The single RCT of a multidisciplinary intervention showed reduced heart-failure related re-admissions in the short term. At present there is little available evidence to support clinic based interventions. Authors’ conclusions The data from this review are insufficient for forming recommendations. Further research should include adequately powered, multicentre studies. Future studies should also investigate the effect of interventions on patients’ and carers’ quality of life, their satisfaction with the interventions and cost effectiveness. PMID:15846638

The state of rhizospheric science in the era of multi-omics: A practical guide to omics technologies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

White, Richard Allen; Rivas-Ubach, Albert; Borkum, Mark I.

Over the past century, the significance of the rhizosphere as a complex, biological system, comprised of vast, interconnected networks of microbial organisms that interact directly with their plant hosts (e.g., archæa, bacteria, fungi, eukaryotes, and viruses) has been increasingly recognized by the scientific community. Providing a nutritional base to the terrestrial biosphere, the rhizosphere is integral to plant growth, crop production and ecosystem health. Lack of mechanistic understanding of the rhizosphere constitutes a critical knowledge gap, inhibiting our ability to predict and control the terrestrial ecosystem in order to achieve desirable outcomes (e.g., bioenergy production, crop yield maximization, and soilbasedmore » carbon sequestration). Application of multi-omics has the potential to significantly advance our knowledge of rhizospheric science. This review covers: cutting- and bleeding-edge, multi-omic techniques and technologies; methods and protocols for specific rhizospheric science questions; and, challenges to be addressed during this century of rhizospheric science.« less

Intense, carrier frequency and bandwidth tunable quasi single-cycle pulses from an organic emitter covering the Terahertz frequency gap

PubMed Central

Vicario, C.; Monoszlai, B.; Jazbinsek, M.; Lee, S. -H.; Kwon, O. -P.; Hauri, C. P.

2015-01-01

In Terahertz (THz) science, one of the long-standing challenges has been the formation of spectrally dense, single-cycle pulses with tunable duration and spectrum across the frequency range of 0.1–15 THz (THz gap). This frequency band, lying between the electronically and optically accessible spectra hosts important molecular fingerprints and collective modes which cannot be fully controlled by present strong-field THz sources. We present a method that provides powerful single-cycle THz pulses in the THz gap with a stable absolute phase whose duration can be continuously selected between 68 fs and 1100 fs. The loss-free and chirp-free technique is based on optical rectification of a wavelength-tunable pump pulse in the organic emitter HMQ-TMS that allows for tuning of the spectral bandwidth from 1 to more than 7 octaves over the entire THz gap. The presented source tunability of the temporal carrier frequency and spectrum expands the scope of spectrally dense THz sources to time-resolved nonlinear THz spectroscopy in the entire THz gap. This opens new opportunities towards ultrafast coherent control over matter and light. PMID:26400005

Fostering Science Club: Creating a Welcoming Extra-Curricular Science Inquiry Space for ALL Learners that Seeks to Close the Science Experience Gap in a Predominantly Minority Urban Community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mayfield, K. K.

2017-12-01

BackgroundTo minority adolescents in urban centers science inquiry seems like an engagement completed by others with specialized skills (Alkon & Agyeman, 2012). When scientists teach science classes those spaces and pedagogy are underwritten by the science teachers' beliefs about how science happens (Southerland, Gess-Newsome & Johnston, 2002). Further, scientific inquiry is often presented as the realm of upperclass whiteness (Alkon & Agyeman, 2012; Mayfield, 2014). When science educators talk about the achievement gaps between raced and classed learners, accompanying that gap is also a gap in science experience. My high school students in a postindustrial school district: attend a school under state takeover (the lowest 5/5 rating (MA Executive Office of Education, 2017)); have a student body that is 70% Latinx; and 96% of whom receive Free and Reduced Lunch (a Federal marker of a family below the poverty line). Annual Yearly Progress is a goal set by state and federal governments for school populations by race, ability, and language. In 2016, the site has failed to make its goals for special education, black, hispanic, white, and English as a Second Language populations. As a high poverty district there is a paucity of extracurricular science experiences. This lack of science extensions make closing standardized test gaps difficult. Geoscience Skills & FindingsThis after school program does not replicate deficit narratives that keep certain bodies of students away from science inquiry (Mayfield, 2015; Ogbu, 1987). Instead, Science Club uses an array of student-centered science (physics, math, arts, chemistry, biology) projects to help students see themselves as citizen scientists who lead explorations of their world. We meet 1.5 hours a week in a 30 week school year. Science club helps students feel like powerful and capable science inquirers with 80% girls in attendance, and uses science experiments to cultivate essential inquiry skills like: Observation, Analysis, Reflection, and Laboratory Work in order to understand the phenomena we are exploring. This presentation discusses: the development of Science cCub as a student-centered inquiry space; how Sci Club addresses the inequities of the science experience gap; and student responses to pre and post test surveys about their growing science skills.

The total ozone at mid latitudes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mendeva, Bogdana

The total ozone at mid latitudes B.D.Mendeva 1, D.G. Krastev 1, Ts.N.Gogosheva 2 1 Solar Terrestrial Influences Laboratory, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Stara Zagora De-partment, Bulgaria, bmendeva@abv.bg 2 Institute of Astronomy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria, This paper presents the total ozone content (TOC) behaviour over Bulgaria from satellite ex-periments (TOMS on the Earth Probe satellite and SCIAMACHY on board ENVISAT (ESA)). The long-term variations of the total ozone monthly means values in the period 1997-2009 are examined. The calculated linear ozone trend for this time interval is shown. An analysis of the total ozone over the Balkan region is also presented. For this purpose data from the SCIA-MACHY are used. The investigation is made for Athens (37o 59'N, 23o46'E), Thessaloniki (40o31'N, 22o58'E), Sofia (42o39'N, 23o23'E) and Bucharest (44o28'N, 26o17'E) in the period 2003-2009. A comparison between the courses of the monthly mean ozone values over these places is shown.

A Proper Splitting Theater Distribution Model for Improving Force Flow Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

University of Colorado at Colorado Springs ( UCCS ) in 2003 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics. In May of 2003, MAJ Flores was commissioned...through the UCCS Reserve Officer Training Corp in the Aviation (AV) Branch and was activated into the Active Duty in June of 2003. After activation

Research-Based Assessment of Students' Beliefs about Experimental Physics: When is Gender a Factor?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wilcox, Bethany R.; Lewandowski, H. J.

2016-12-01

The existence of gender differences in student performance on conceptual assessments and their responses to attitudinal assessments has been repeatedly demonstrated. This difference is often present in students' preinstruction responses and persists in their postinstruction responses. However, one area in which the presence of gender differences has not been extensively explored is undergraduate laboratory courses. For example, one of the few laboratory focused research-based assessments, the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for Experimental Physics (E-CLASS), has not been tested for the existence of gender differences in students' responses. Here, we utilize a national data set of responses to the E-CLASS to determine if they demonstrate significant gender differences. We also investigate how these differences vary along multiple student and course demographic slices, including course level (first-year vs beyond-first-year) and major (physics vs nonphysics). We observe a gender gap in pre- and postinstruction E-CLASS scores in the aggregate data both for the overall score and for most items individually. However, for some subpopulations (e.g., beyond-first-year students) the size or even existence of the gender gap depends on another dimension (e.g., student major). We also find that for all groups the gap in postinstruction scores vanishes or is greatly reduced when controlling for preinstruction scores, course level, and student major.

The e-health landscape: current status and future prospects in Korea.

PubMed

Lee, Myoungho; Min, Se Dong; Shin, Hang Sik; Lee, Byung Woo; Kim, Jin Kwon

2009-05-01

The e-health infrastructure in Korea has come a long way within a short period since the establishment of the Korea e-Health Association in 2003 by the Korean Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy. Since then, four related government departments in the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Ministry of Information and Communication, Ministry of National Defense, and the Ministry of Science and Technology have also started planning and promoting their own strategies for e-Health applications. We have defined standardization, law and policy planning, human resources development, research and development for e-health products, and international collaboration as the five core pillars for the development of a successful e-health industry. In 2008, through the reorganization of government ministries, e-health has become an even more important growth industry for the Korean economy. Consequently, relevant government ministries have more concrete and robust action plans for realization of e-health in effect.

MS PHD'S: Effective Pathways to Mentoring for Increasing Diversity in the Geoscience Workforce - What have we done? What can we still do?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ricciardi, L.; Johnson, A.; Williamson Whitney, V.; Ithier-Guzman, W.; Johnson, A.; Braxton, L.

2011-12-01

In 2003 a young, African-American geoscientist and professor discovered significant gaps in the recruitment and retention of minority students within the post-secondary educational community and a subsequent correlation of underrepresentation within the geosciences workforce. From this research, a unique concept was born: The Minorities Striving and Pursuing Higher Degrees of Success in Earth System Science Professional Development Program (MS PHD'S PDP). This program was founded upon a vision that minorities can and should play a role in facilitating a network to attract, retain and increase minority representation in the geosciences workforce. In 2003, the pilot MS PHD'S program focused on a simple grass roots concept of effective mentoring and professional development administered by and for minorities through professional development activities. Today the program has grown to an impressive number of alumni who, in addition to establishing careers in the ESS professional workforce, also return to mentor the next generation of upcoming minority geoscientists. Alumni, mentors and current participants not only experience what has grown into a three-phase program but also enjoy enhanced benefits of ongoing interaction through social media, list-servs and webinars. While keeping its feet firmly planted in its grass-roots philosophy of effective mentoring and professional development by and for minorities, the MS PHD'S program looks to the future, by asking the question, "What can we do next to ensure the future of maintaining and growing diverse representation in the geosciences workforce?" Looking ahead, future goals for the program include increasing its pilot representation motto of "by and for minorities", exploring new technologies and digital tools, and expanding its supportive network of distinguished academicians, scientific organizations, industry partners, alumni, peers, and representatives of non-science disciplines.

Jumpstarting Jill: Strategies to Nurture Talented Girls in Your Science Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heilbronner, Nancy N.

2008-01-01

Women are making progress in many areas of science, but a gender gap still remains, especially in physics, computer science, and engineering, and at advanced levels of academic and career achievement. Today's teachers can help narrow this gap by instilling a love for science in their female students and by helping them to understand and develop…

Methodology of Detailed Geophysical Examination of the Areas of World Recognized Religious and Cultural Artifacts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eppelbaum, Lev

2010-05-01

It is obvious that noninvasive geophysical methods are the main interpreting tools at the areas of world recognized religious and cultural artifacts. Usually in these areas any excavations, drilling and infrastructure activity are forbidden or very strongly limited. According to field experience and results of numerous modeling (Eppelbaum, 1999, 2000, 2009a, 2009b; Eppelbaum and Itkis, 2001, 2003; Eppelbaum et al., 2000, 2001a, 2001b, 2003a, 2006a, 2006b, 2007, 2010, Itkis et al., 2003; Neishtadt et al., 2006), a set of applied geophysical methods may include the following types of surveys: (1) magnetic, (3) GPR (ground penetration radar), (3) gravity, (4) electromagnetic VLF (very low frequency), (5) ER (electric resistivity), (6) SP (self-potential), (7) IP (induced polarization), (8) SE (seismoelectric), and (9) NST (near-surface temperature). As it was shown in (Eppelbaum, 2005), interpretation ambiguity may be sufficiently reduced not only by integrated analysis of several geophysical methods, but also by the way of multilevel observations of geophysical fields. Magnetic, gravity and VLF measurements may be performed at different levels over the earth's surface (0.1 - 3 m), ER, SP and SE observations may be obtained with different depth of electrodes grounding (0.1 - 1 m), and NST sensor may be located at a depth of 0.8 - 2.5 m. GPR method usually allows measuring electromagnetic fields at various frequencies (with corresponding changing of the investigation depth and other parameters). Influence of some typical noise factors to geophysical investigations at archaeological sites was investigated in (Eppelbaum and Khesin, 2001). In many cases various constructions and walls are in the nearest vicinity of the examined artifacts. These constructions can be also utilized for carrying out geophysical measurements (magnetic, gravity and VLF) at different levels. Application of the modern ROV (remote operated vehicles) with registration of magnetic and VLF fields at the low altitudes (3-5 meters) will help geophysical cover all the studied area with a regular observation step (Eppelbaum, 2008). At the final step all these measurements (including results of the previous works) could be compiled to 4D models of different geophysical parameters (Eppelbaum and Ben-Avraham, 2002; Eppelbaum et al., 2010). Analysis of temperature field in the boreholes drilled in the vicinity of the studied site will permit to estimate the temperature (e.g., Eppelbaum et al., 2006c) in the historical period when this artifact was constructed and, correspondingly, utilize this characteristic for investigation of mechanical and other properties of the ancient building material. Studying of temporal variations of magnetic (e.g., Finkelstein and Eppelbaum) and VLF fields can be also used for determination of nature of some buried ancient remains. The geophysical investigations must be combined with geochemical, paleostructural, paleobiogeographical, paleomorphological and other methods (Eppelbaum et al., 2010). Application of informational parameters (Khesin et al., 1996; Eppelbaum et al., 2003b) will permit to present all available data by the use of integral convolution units. REFERENCES Eppelbaum, L.V., 1999. Quantitative interpretation of resistivity anomalies using advanced methods developed in magnetic prospecting. Trans. of the XXIV General Assembly of the Europ. Geoph. Soc., Strasburg 1 (1), p.166. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2000. Applicability of geophysical methods for localization of archaeological targets: An introduction. Geoinformatics, 11, No.1, 19-28. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2005. Multilevel observations of magnetic field at archaeological sites as additional interpreting tool. Proceed. of the 6th Conference of Archaeological Prospection, Roma, Italy, 4 pp. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2008. Remote operated vehicle geophysical survey using magnetic and VLF methods: proposed schemes for data processing and interpretation. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Philadelphia, USA, 938-963. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2009a. Near-surface temperature survey: An independent tool for buried archaeological targets delineation. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 12, Suppl.1, e93-e103. Eppelbaum, L.V., 2009b. Application of microgravity at archaeological sites in Israel: some estimation derived from 3D modeling and quantitative analysis of gravity field. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Denver, USA, 22, No. 1, 434-446. Eppelbaum, L. and Ben-Avraham, Z., 2002. On the development of 4D geophysical Data Base of archaeological sites in Israel. Trans. of the Conf. of the Israel Geol. Soc. Ann. Meet., MaHagan - Lake Kinneret, Israel, p.21. Eppelbaum, L., Eppelbaum,V. and Ben-Avraham, Z., 2003. Formalization and estimation of integrated geological investigations: Informational Approach. Geoinformatics, 14, No.3, 233-240. Eppelbaum, L., Ben-Avraham, Z. and Itkis, S., 2003a. Ancient Roman Remains in Israel provide a challenge for physical-archaeological modeling techniques. First Break, 21 (2), 51-61. Eppelbaum, L., Ben-Avraham, Z., Itkis, S., and Kouznetsov, S., 2001a. First results of self-potential method application at archaeological sites in Israel. Trans. of the EUG XI Intern. Symp., Strasbourg, France, p. 657. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Itkis, S.E., 2001. Detailed magnetic investigations at the ancient Roman site Banias II (northern Israel). Proceed. of the 1st Intern Symp. on Soil and Archaeology, Szazhalombatta, Hungary, 13-16. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Itkis, S.E., 2003. Geophysical examination of the archaeological site Emmaus-Nicopolis (central Israel). Collection of Papers of the XIXth International UNESCO Symposium 'New Perspectives to Save the Cultural Heritage', Antalya, Turkey, 395-400. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., Fleckenstein, K.-H., and Fleckenstein, L., 2007. Latest results of geophysical-archaeological investigations at the Christian archaeological site Emmaus-Nicopolis (central Israel). Proceed. of the 69th EAGE Conference, P118, London, Great Britain, 5 pp. Eppelbaum, L.V., Itkis, S.E., and Khesin, B.E., 2000. Optimization of magnetic investigations in the archaeological sites in Israel. In: Special Issue of Prospezioni Archeologiche 'Filtering, Modeling and Interpretation of Geophysical Fields at Archaeological Objects', 65-92. Eppelbaum, L., Itkis, S., and Khesin, B., 2006a. Detailed magnetic survey unmasks Prehistoric archaeological sites in Israel. Proceed. of the Symp. on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, Calgary, Canada, 1366-1373. Eppelbaum, L.V. and Khesin, B.E., 2001. Disturbing factors in geophysical investigations at archaeological sites and ways of their elimination. Trans. of the IV Conf. on Archaeological Prospection, Vienna, Austria, 99-101. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2001b. Prompt magnetic investigations of archaeological remains in areas of infrastructure development: Israeli experience. Archaeological Prospection, 8 (3), 163-185. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2006b. Some peculiarities of geophysical investigations at archaeological sites in Israel. Russian Archaeology, No. 1, 59-70. Eppelbaum, L.V., Khesin, B.E., and Itkis, S.E., 2010. Archaeological geophysics in arid environments: Examples from Israel. Journal of Arid Environments, 74, No. 5. Eppelbaum, L.V., Kutasov, I.M. and Barak, G., 2006c. Ground surface temperature histories inferred from 15 boreholes temperature profiles: Comparison of two approaches. Earth Sciences Research Journal, 10, No. 1, 25-34. Finkelstein, M.I. and Eppelbaum, L.V., 1997. Classification of the disturbing objects using interpretation of low-intensive temporary magnetic variations. Trans. of the Conference of Geological Society of America. Salt Lake City, 29, No.6, p. 326. Itkis, S., Khesin, B., Eppelbaum, L., and Khalaily, H., 2003. The Natufian site of Eynan (Hula valley, northern Israel): Magnetic prospecting reveals new features. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences, 52 (3-4), 209-219. Khesin, B.E., Alexeyev, V.V. and Eppelbaum, L.V., 1996. Interpretation of Geophysical Fields in Complicated Environments. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Ser.: Modern Approaches in Geophysics, Boston - Dordrecht - London, 368 pp. Neishtadt, N., Eppelbaum, L. and Levitski, A., 2006. Application of seismo-electric phenomena in exploration geophysics: Review of Russian and Israeli experience. Geophysics, 71, No.2, B41-B53.

Laptop Use, Interactive Science Software, and Science Learning Among At-Risk Students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zheng, Binbin; Warschauer, Mark; Hwang, Jin Kyoung; Collins, Penelope

2014-08-01

This year-long, quasi-experimental study investigated the impact of the use of netbook computers and interactive science software on fifth-grade students' science learning processes, academic achievement, and interest in further science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) study within a linguistically diverse school district in California. Analysis of students' state standardized science test scores indicated that the program helped close gaps in scientific achievement between at-risk learners (i.e., English learners, Hispanics, and free/reduced-lunch recipients) and their counterparts. Teacher and student interviews and classroom observations suggested that computer-supported visual representations and interactions supported diverse learners' scientific understanding and inquiry and enabled more individualized and differentiated instruction. Finally, interviews revealed that the program had a positive impact on students' motivation in science and on their interest in pursuing science-related careers. This study suggests that technology-facilitated science instruction is beneficial for improving at-risk students' science achievement, scaffolding students' scientific understanding, and strengthening students' motivation to pursue STEM-related careers.

Foale performs FOOT experiment OPS in the U.S. Lab during Expedition 8

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-12-03

ISS008-E-06862 (3 December 2003) --- Astronaut C. Michael Foale, Expedition 8 mission commander and NASA ISS science officer, attired in instrumented biking tights, participates in the Foot/Ground Reaction Forces During Spaceflight (FOOT) experiment in the Destiny laboratory on the International Space Station (ISS). The Lower Extremity Monitoring Suit (LEMS), the cycling tights outfitted with 20 sensors, measured forces on Foale’s feet and joints and muscle activity while he went about his scheduled activities.

Three-Dimensional Geometry of the Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) Flukes in Relation to Hydrodynamics

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-10-01

MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, 27(4): 889–898 (October 2011) C© 2010 by the Society for Marine Mammalogy DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00439.x Three...Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383, U.S.A. E-mail: ffish@wcupa.edu NATALIA RYBCZYNSKI Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario K1P...distributed in the ice-packed stretches of waters bordering Greenland and the Canadian High Arctic (Laidre et al. 2003). The flukes of mature male

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14470 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14473 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14469 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Expedition Seven Lu with EMU in Quest airlock

NASA Image and Video Library

2003-09-05

ISS007-E-14472 (5 September 2003) --- Astronaut Edward T. Lu, Expedition 7 NASA ISS science officer and flight engineer, performs routine maintenance on an Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit in the Quest airlock on the International Space Station (ISS). The work represents a mid-term checkout and included emptying and refilling the suit’s water tank and loops, cycling relief valves, checking sensors and collecting data, a leak check and running the suit’s fan for two hours to lubricate it.

Membrane Estrogen Receptor Alpha Targeting and its Association with SHC in Regulating Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-06-01

American Society for Cell Biology, San Francisco , California, Dec. 13-17, 2003. 3. Invited speaker in one of symposiums "Recognition of estrogen receptor in...Oncology, Bahamonde MI, Mann GE, Vergara C, Latorre R 1999 University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Acute activation of Maxi-K...intracellular Bahamonde, G.E. Mann, C. Vergara , R. Latorre, Acute activa- calcium, Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. 96 (1999) 4686-4691. tion of Maxi-K channels by

The Black-White "Achievement Gap" as a Perennial Challenge of Urban Science Education: A Sociocultural and Historical Overview with Implications for Research and Practice.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norman, Obed; Ault, Charles R., Jr.; Bentz, Bonnie; Meskimen, Lloyd

2001-01-01

Explores how sociocultural factors involved in the manifestation and eventual disappearance of the gap for these groups may shed light on how to address the achievement gap for African American students in urban science education. (Contains 47 references.) (DDR)

STEMMING the Gap

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kahler, Jim; Valentine, Nancy

2011-01-01

America has a gap when it comes to youth pursuing science and technology careers. In an effort to improve the knowledge and application of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), after-school programs can work in conjunction with formal in-school curriculum to improve science education. One organization that actively addresses this…

Photo-conductance of a single Quantum Dot

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zimmers, Alexandre; Wang, Hongyue; Lhuillier, Emmanuel; Yu, Qian; Dubertret, Benoit; Aubin, Herve; Ulysse, Christian; LPEM Collaboration

One promising strategy for the development of nanoscale resonant spin sensors is to measure the spin-dependent photo-current in Quantum Dots (QDots) containing spin-dependent recombination centers. To reach single spin sensitivity will require measurements of the photo-conductance of single QDots. We present here an experimental study of the conductance and photo-conductance of single HgSe QDots as function of drain and gate voltage. The evolution of the differential conductance dI/dV spectrum with the gate voltage demonstrates that single HgSe QDots are forming the junction. The amplitude of the gap measured in the differential conductance spectrum changes with the occupation level. A large inter-band gap, 0,85eV, is observed for the empty QDot, a smaller intra-band gap 0,25eV is observed for the doubly occupied QDot. These gap energies are consistent with the values extracted from the optical absorption spectrum. Upon illuminating the QDot junction, we show that the photo-conductive signal produced by this single QDot can be measured with a simple demodulation method. ANR Grant ''QUANTICON'' 10-0409-01 / DIM Nano-K / Chinese Scholarship Council.

14 CFR 1214.204 - Patent and data rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2011-01-01 2010-01-01 true Patent and data rights. 1214.204 Section 1214.204 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SPACE FLIGHT Reimbursement... under this subpart, i.e., experimental science or experimental applications missions for ESA, ESA member...

Effects of surface condition on the work function and valence-band position of ZnSnN2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shing, Amanda M.; Tolstova, Yulia; Lewis, Nathan S.; Atwater, Harry A.

2017-12-01

ZnSnN2 is an emerging wide band gap earth-abundant semiconductor with potential applications in photonic devices such as solar cells, LEDs, and optical sensors. We report the characterization by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of reactively radio-frequency sputtered II-IV-nitride ZnSnN2 thin films. For samples transferred in high vacuum, the ZnSnN2 surface work function was 4.0 ± 0.1 eV below the vacuum level, with a valence-band onset of 1.2 ± 0.1 eV below the Fermi level. The resulting band diagram indicates that the degenerate bulk Fermi level position in ZnSnN2 shifts to mid-gap at the surface due to band bending that results from equilibration with delocalized surface states within the gap. Brief (< 10 s) exposures to air, a nitrogen-plasma treatment, or argon-ion sputtering caused significant chemical changes at the surface, both in surface composition and interfacial energetics. The relative band positioning of the n-type semiconductor against standard redox potentials indicated that ZnSnN2 has an appropriate energy band alignment for use as a photoanode to effect the oxygen-evolution reaction.

Computational investigation of hydrogen storage on B5V3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Chen; Wang, Chong

2018-05-01

Based on density functional theory method with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set, the structures, stability and hydrogen storage capacity of B5V3 have been theoretically investigated. It is found that a maximum of seven hydrogen molecules can be adsorbed on B5V3 with gravimetric uptake capacity of 6.39 wt%. The uptake capacity exceeds the target set by the US Department of Energy for vehicular application. Moreover, the average adsorption energy of B5V3 01 (7H2) is 0.60 eV/H2 in the desirable range of reversible hydrogen storage. The kinetic stability of H2 adsorbed on B5V3 01 is confirmed by using gap between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The gap value of B5V3 01 (7H2) is 2.81 eV, which indicates the compound with high stability. In addition, the thermochemistry calculation (Gibbs free energy corrected adsorption energy) is used to analyse if the adsorption is favourable or not at different temperatures. It can be found that the Gibbs corrected adsorption energy of B5V3 01 (7H2) is still positive at 400 K at 1 atm. It means that the adsorption of seven hydrogen molecules on B5V3 01 is energetically favourable in a fairly wide temperature range. All the results show that B5V3 01 can be considered as a promising material for hydrogen storage.

Understanding the Gender Gap in Science and Engineering: Evidence from the Chilean College Admissions Tests

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gándara, Fernanda; Silva, Monica

2016-01-01

This study seeks to develop a better understanding of the underrepresentation of women in science and engineering by analyzing the gender gaps (a) in the interest in pursuing a science degree and (b) on science achievement. We use national-level college admissions data to examine gender differences and to explore the association between these…

Annual Report on the Military Power of the People’s Republic of China

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-01-01

intermediate developed country ” with roughly $3,400 gross domestic product per capita (2003 data shows China had a per capita gross domestic product...technological gap between modern Western military forces and those of developing countries . This expanding gap has already prompted China’s senior...a number of countries , including China, are developing and proliferating microsatellite (10- to 100-kilogram mass) and nanosatellite (1- to 10

Achievement Gap Patterns of Grade 8 American Indian and Alaska Native Students in Reading and Math. Issues & Answers. REL 2009-No. 073

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Steven; Greenough, Richard; Sage, Nicole

2009-01-01

Focusing on student proficiency in reading and math from 2003-04 to 2006-07, this report compares gaps in performance on state achievement tests between grade 8 American Indian and Alaska Native students and all other grade 8 students in 26 states serving large populations of American Indian and Alaska Native students. In response to a request by…

The ongoing educational anomaly of earth science placement

USGS Publications Warehouse

Messina, P.; Speranza, P.; Metzger, E.P.; Stoffer, P.

2003-01-01

The geosciences have traditionally been viewed with less "aCademic prTstige" than other science curricula. Among the results of this perception are depressed K-16 enrollments, Earth Science assignments to lower-performing students, and relegation of these classes to sometimes under-qualified educators, all of which serve to confirm the widely-held misconceptions. An Earth Systems course developed at San Jos??e State University demonstrates the difficulty of a standard high school Earth science curriculum, while recognizing the deficiencies in pre-college Earth science education. Restructuring pre-college science curricula so that Earth Science is placed as a capstone course would greatly improve student understanding of the geosciences, while development of Earth systems courses that infuse real-world and hands-on learning at the college level is critical to bridging the information gap for those with no prior exposure to the Earth sciences. Well-crafted workshops for pre-service and inservice teachers of Earth Science can heIp to reverse the trends and unfortunate "sTatus" in geoscience education.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhu Zhaohuan; Dong Ruobing; Nelson, Richard P.

By carrying out two-dimensional two-fluid global simulations, we have studied the response of dust to gap formation by a single planet in the gaseous component of a protoplanetary disk-the so-called dust filtration mechanism. We have found that a gap opened by a giant planet at 20 AU in an {alpha} = 0.01, M-dot =10{sup -8} M{sub Sun} yr{sup -1} disk can effectively stop dust particles larger than 0.1 mm drifting inward, leaving a submillimeter (submm) dust cavity/hole. However, smaller particles are difficult to filter by a gap induced by a several M{sub J} planet due to (1) dust diffusion andmore » (2) a high gas accretion velocity at the gap edge. Based on these simulations, an analytic model is derived to understand what size particles can be filtered by the planet-induced gap edge. We show that a dimensionless parameter T{sub s} /{alpha}, which is the ratio between the dimensionless dust stopping time and the disk viscosity parameter, is important for the dust filtration process. Finally, with our updated understanding of dust filtration, we have computed Monte Carlo radiative transfer models with variable dust size distributions to generate the spectral energy distributions of disks with gaps. By comparing with transitional disk observations (e.g., GM Aur), we have found that dust filtration alone has difficulties depleting small particles sufficiently to explain the near-IR deficit of moderate M-dot transitional disks, except under some extreme circumstances. The scenario of gap opening by multiple planets studied previously suffers the same difficulty. One possible solution is to invoke both dust filtration and dust growth in the inner disk. In this scenario, a planet-induced gap filters large dust particles in the disk, and the remaining small dust particles passing to the inner disk can grow efficiently without replenishment from fragmentation of large grains. Predictions for ALMA have also been made based on all these scenarios. We conclude that dust filtration with planet(s) in the disk is a promising mechanism to explain submm observations of transitional disks but it may need to be combined with other processes (e.g., dust growth) to explain the near-IR deficit of some systems.« less

Correlation of film thickness to optical band gap of Sol-gel derived Ba0.9Gd0.1TiO3 thin films for optoelectronic applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Teh, Yen Chin; Saif, Ala'eddin A.; Azhar Zahid Jamal, Zul; Poopalan, Prabakaran

2017-11-01

Ba0.9Gd0.1TiO3 thin films have been fabricated on SiO2/Si and fused silica by sol-gel method. The films are prepared through a spin coating process and annealed at 900 °C to obtain crystallized films. The effect of film thickness on the microstructure and optical band gap has been investigated using X-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscope and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, respectively. XRD patterns confirm that the films crystallized with tetragonal phase perovskite structure. The films surface morphology is analysed through amplitude parameter analysis to find out that the grain size and surface roughness are increased with the increase of films thickness. The transmittance and absorbance spectra reveal that all films exhibit high absorption in UV region. The evaluated optical band gap is obtained in the range of 3.67 - 3.78 eV and is found to be decreased as the thickness increase.