Sample records for ulcc
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hojatkashani, Ata; Zanjani, Sara
2018-03-01
Rehabilitation of weak and damaged structures has been considered widely during recent years. A relatively modern way of strengthening concrete components is to confine parts under tension and shear by means of carbon fiber reinforce polymer (CFRP). This way of strengthening due to the conditions of composite materials such as light weight, linear elastic behavior until failure point, high tensile strength, high elastic modulus, resistance against corrosion, and high fatigue resistance has become so common. During structural strengthening by means of not pre-stressed FRP materials, usually, it is not possible to benefit from the maximum capacity of FRP materials. In addition, sometimes, the expensive cost of such materials will not make a suitable balance between rates of strengthening and consuming spending. Thus, pre-stressing CFRP materials has an undeniable role in the effective use of materials. In the current research, general procedure of simulation using finite-element method (FEM) by means of the numerical package ABAQUS has been presented. In this article, 12 reinforced concrete (RC) models in two states (strengthened with simple and pre-stressed CFRP) under cycling loading have been considered. A parametric study has been carried out in this research on the effects of parameters such as CFRP surface area, percentage of tensile steel rebar and pre-stressing stress on ultimate load carrying capacity (ULCC), stiffness, and the ability of depreciation energy for the samples. In the current article also, for design parameters, percentages of tensile steel rebars, surface area of CFPR sheets, and the effective pre-stressing stress in RC beams retrofitted with pre-stressed CFPR sheets have investigated. In this paper, it was investigated that using different amount of parameters such as steel rebar percentage, CFRP surface area percentage, and CFRP pre-stressing, the resulted ULCC and energy depreciation of the specimens was observed to be increasing and decreasing. Results from examined specimens with optimum steel rebar percentage, CFRP surface area percentage, and CFRP pre-stressing which had the most enhancement on ULCC and energy depreciation are reported in the current article.
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Could the United States Afford to Lose a Major Port?
2013-12-13
Diving TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units TRIA Terrorism Risk Insurance Act TSA Transportation Security Administration ULCC Ultra Large Crude...harbor or port. The United States Navy Office of the Supervisor of Salvage and Diving (SupSalv) directed the National Academies’ Marine Board...shipping vessels might be able to navigate around the wreck if they have a shallow enough draft. This research will investigate how long these
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Höckel, Michael; Hentschel, Bettina; Horn, Lars-Christian
2014-04-01
Our previous work provided evidence that early cervical cancer is locally confined to the Müllerian compartment that develops in women from the embryonic paramesonephric-mesonephric complex. We aimed to investigate if the concept of tumour permeation within ontogenetic domains is also valid for tumour progression and advanced disease. Starting from Carnegie stage 13, four successive steps in the organogenesis of the human uterine cervix were defined and an ontogenetic staging system for cervical cancer based on organ development was described. Histopathological and clinical data of patients with cervical cancer FIGO stages IB-IVA were raised prospectively from Oct 16, 1999, until Dec 20, 2012, and from March 8, 2000, until April 4, 2013, for two surgical trials of ontogenetic compartment resection without adjuvant radiation at the University of Leipzig (total or extended mesometrial resection [TMMR or EMMR]; and [laterally] extended endopelvic resection [LEER]). The primary endpoints of these trials were pathological resection state and locoregional tumour control. Patients who underwent TMMR and EMMR had follow-up assessment every 3-6 months for 5 years, and yearly thereafter. Patients who had (L)EER, every 3-6 months for 10 years, and yearly thereafter. By analysing the presence of disease within the classified tissues and disease outcome in these patients, and by examining relapse patterns, we were able to observe whether surgical excision within developmental compartments was sufficient for disease control. Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. The effect of ontogenetic tumour stage and pathological tumour stage on overall survival was assessed by Cox proportional hazard models. The trials are registered as an ongoing observational monocentric study at the University of Leipzig Cancer Centre (ULCC012-13-28012013). 367 patients were included in our analysis. Staged organogenesis of the uterine cervix and progressive local growth of cervical carcinoma occur in the same tissue domains. The neoplasm originating in the uterine cervix, ontogenetic tumour stage 1 (oT1, n=217), permeates successively during its malignant progression the tissues developed from the Müllerian compartment (oT2, n=101), the genital metacompartment (oT3, n=38), and the urogenitorectal metacompartment (oT4, n=11). Ontogenetic staging, when comparing patients with oT1 and oT2 disease to those with oT3 and oT4 disease (hazard ratio 5·9, 95% CI 2·2-15·5; p=0·00036) was a better prognostic indicator for survival than pathological staging when comparing pT1b and pT2a with pT2b and pT4 disease (2·0, 95% CI 0·7-5·5; p=0·170). Resection of the stage-related ontogenetically specified tissue domains and their associated regional lymphoid tissues achieved an R0 resection in 363 (99%) of 367 patients and locoregional tumour control at 5 years was 94% (95% CI 92-97). 13 patients had grade 3 or 4 adverse events, the majority of which were urinary (10, 77%). Cervical cancer infiltrates the adult tissues established during ontogeny, pursuing the developmental steps in retrograde sequence. Clinical translation of these insights into ontogenetic tumour staging and compartment resection holds the potential to improve prognostic assessment and curative treatment. University of Leipzig and Leipzig School of Radical Pelvic Surgery. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.