Mines as lower reservoir of an UPSH (Underground Pumping Storage Hydroelectricity): groundwater impacts and feasibility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bodeux, Sarah; Pujades, Estanislao; Orban, Philippe; Dassargues, Alain

2016-04-01

The energy framework is currently characterized by an expanding use of renewable sources. However, their intermittence could not afford a stable production according to the energy demand. Pumped Storage Hydroelectricity (PSH) is an efficient possibility to store and release electricity according to the demand needs. Because of the topographic and environmental constraints of classical PSH, new potential suitable sites are rare in countries whose topography is weak or with a high population density. Nevertheless, an innovative alternative is to construct Underground Pumped Storage Hydroelectricity (UPSH) plants by using old underground mine works as lower reservoir. In that configuration, large amount of pumped or injected water in the underground cavities would impact the groundwater system. A representative UPSH facility is used to numerically determine the interactions with surrounding aquifers Different scenarios with varying parameters (hydrogeological and lower reservoir characteristics, boundaries conditions and pumping/injection time-sequence) are computed. Analysis of the computed piezometric heads around the reservoir allows assessing the magnitude of aquifer response and the required time to achieve a mean pseudo-steady state under cyclic solicitations. The efficiency of the plant is also evaluated taking the leakage into the cavity into account. Combining these two outcomes, some criterions are identified to assess the feasibility of this type of projects within potential old mine sites from a hydrogeological point of view.

Theoretical analysis and design of hydro-hammer with a jet actuator: An engineering application to improve the penetration rate of directional well drilling in hard rock formations.

PubMed

He, Jiang-Fu; Liang, Yun-Pei; Li, Li-Jia; Luo, Yong-Jiang

2018-01-01

Rapid horizontal directional well drilling in hard or fractured formations requires efficient drilling technology. The penetration rate of conventional hard rock drilling technology in horizontal directional well excavations is relatively low, resulting in multiple overgrinding of drill cuttings in bottom boreholes. Conventional drilling techniques with reamer or diamond drill bit face difficulties due to the long construction periods, low penetration rates, and high engineering costs in the directional well drilling of hard rock. To improve the impact energy and penetration rate of directional well drilling in hard formations, a new drilling system with a percussive and rotary drilling technology has been proposed, and a hydro-hammer with a jet actuator has also been theoretically designed on the basis of the impulse hydro-turbine pressure model. In addition, the performance parameters of the hydro-hammer with a jet actuator have been numerically and experimentally analyzed, and the influence of impact stroke and pumped flow rate on the motion velocity and impact energy of the hydro-hammer has been obtained. Moreover, the designed hydro-hammer with a jet actuator has been applied to hard rock drilling in a trenchless drilling program. The motion velocity of the hydro-hammer ranges from 1.2 m/s to 3.19 m/s with diverse flow rates and impact strokes, and the motion frequency ranges from 10 Hz to 22 Hz. Moreover, the maximum impact energy of the hydro-hammer is 407 J, and the pumped flow rate is 2.3 m3/min. Thus, the average penetration rate of the optimized hydro-hammer improves by over 30% compared to conventional directional drilling in hard rock formations.

Theoretical analysis and design of hydro-hammer with a jet actuator: An engineering application to improve the penetration rate of directional well drilling in hard rock formations

PubMed Central

He, Jiang-fu; Li, Li-jia; Luo, Yong-jiang

2018-01-01

Rapid horizontal directional well drilling in hard or fractured formations requires efficient drilling technology. The penetration rate of conventional hard rock drilling technology in horizontal directional well excavations is relatively low, resulting in multiple overgrinding of drill cuttings in bottom boreholes. Conventional drilling techniques with reamer or diamond drill bit face difficulties due to the long construction periods, low penetration rates, and high engineering costs in the directional well drilling of hard rock. To improve the impact energy and penetration rate of directional well drilling in hard formations, a new drilling system with a percussive and rotary drilling technology has been proposed, and a hydro-hammer with a jet actuator has also been theoretically designed on the basis of the impulse hydro-turbine pressure model. In addition, the performance parameters of the hydro-hammer with a jet actuator have been numerically and experimentally analyzed, and the influence of impact stroke and pumped flow rate on the motion velocity and impact energy of the hydro-hammer has been obtained. Moreover, the designed hydro-hammer with a jet actuator has been applied to hard rock drilling in a trenchless drilling program. The motion velocity of the hydro-hammer ranges from 1.2 m/s to 3.19 m/s with diverse flow rates and impact strokes, and the motion frequency ranges from 10 Hz to 22 Hz. Moreover, the maximum impact energy of the hydro-hammer is 407 J, and the pumped flow rate is 2.3 m3/min. Thus, the average penetration rate of the optimized hydro-hammer improves by over 30% compared to conventional directional drilling in hard rock formations. PMID:29768421

Underground mineral extraction

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Miller, C. G.; Stephens, J. B.

1980-01-01

A method was developed for extracting underground minerals such as coal, which avoids the need for sending personnel underground and which enables the mining of steeply pitched seams of the mineral. The method includes the use of a narrow vehicle which moves underground along the mineral seam and which is connected by pipes or hoses to water pumps at the surface of the Earth. The vehicle hydraulically drills pilot holes during its entrances into the seam, and then directs sideward jets at the seam during its withdrawal from each pilot hole to comminute the mineral surrounding the pilot hole and combine it with water into a slurry, so that the slurried mineral can flow to a location where a pump raises the slurry to the surface.

A Shocking New Pump

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2000-01-01

Hydro Dynamics, Inc. received a technical helping hand from NASA that made their Hydrosonic Pump (HPump) a reality. Marshall engineers resolved a bearing problem in the rotor of the pump and recommended new bearings, housings and mounting hardware as a solution. The resulting HPump is able to heat liquids with greater energy efficiency using shock waves to generate heat.

Commercial Impact and Optimum Capacity Determination of Pumped Storage Hydro Plant for a Practical Power System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Latha, P. G.; Anand, S. R.; Imthias, Ahamed T. P.; Sreejith, P. S., Dr.

2013-06-01

This paper attempts to study the commercial impact of pumped storage hydro plant on the operation of a stressed power system. The paper further attempts to compute the optimum capacity of the pumped storage scheme that can be provided on commercial basis for a practical power system. Unlike the analysis of commercial aspects of pumped storage scheme attempted in several papers, this paper is presented from the point of view of power system management of a practical system considering the impact of the scheme on the economic operation of the system. A realistic case study is presented as the many factors that influence the pumped storage operation vary widely from one system to another. The suitability of pumped storage for the particular generation mix of a system is well explored in the paper. To substantiate the economic impact of pumped storage on the system, the problem is formulated as a short-term hydrothermal scheduling problem involving power purchase which optimizes the quantum of power to be scheduled and the duration of operation. The optimization model is formulated using an algebraic modeling language, AMPL, which is then solved using the advanced MILP solver CPLEX.

Evaluation of the feasibility and viability of modular pumped storage hydro (m-PSH) in the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Witt, Adam M.; Hadjerioua, Boualem; Martinez, Rocio

The viability of modular pumped storage hydro (m-PSH) is examined in detail through the conceptual design, cost scoping, and economic analysis of three case studies. Modular PSH refers to both the compactness of the project design and the proposed nature of product fabrication and performance. A modular project is assumed to consist of pre-fabricated standardized components and equipment, tested and assembled into modules before arrival on site. This technology strategy could enable m-PSH projects to deploy with less substantial civil construction and equipment component costs. The concept of m-PSH is technically feasible using currently available conventional pumping and turbine equipment,more » and may offer a path to reducing the project development cycle from inception to commissioning.« less

76 FR 70440 - Table Mountain Pumped Storage Project; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-14

...) (3 units x 133 MW units) of generating capacity, with up to 100 MW of additional pumping capacity...-foot-wide right of way. Applicant Contact: Matthew Shapiro, Table Mountain Hydro, LLC., 1210 W...

76 FR 19355 - Oregon Winds Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14109-000] Oregon Winds..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On March 11, 2011, Oregon Winds Hydro, LLC filed an... study the feasibility of the Oregon Winds Pumped Storage Project to be located on the John Day River...

76 FR 2370 - Mount Storm Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-13

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13863-000] Mount Storm..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications January 6, 2011. On October 14, 2010, Mount Storm Hydro... (FPA), proposing to study the feasibility of the Mount Storm Pumped Storage Project to be located near...

Dynamic underground stripping: steam and electric heating for in situ decontamination of soils and groundwater

DOEpatents

Daily, W.D.; Ramirez, A.L.; Newmark, R.L.; Udell, K.; Buetnner, H.M.; Aines, R.D.

1995-09-12

A dynamic underground stripping process removes localized underground volatile organic compounds from heterogeneous soils and rock in a relatively short time. This method uses steam injection and electrical resistance heating to heat the contaminated underground area to increase the vapor pressure of the contaminants, thus speeding the process of contaminant removal and making the removal more complete. The injected steam passes through the more permeable sediments, distilling the organic contaminants, which are pumped to the surface. Large electrical currents are also applied to the contaminated area, which heat the impermeable subsurface layers that the steam has not penetrated. The condensed and vaporized contaminants are withdrawn by liquid pumping and vacuum extraction. The steam injection and electrical heating steps are repeated as necessary. Geophysical imaging methods can be used to map the boundary between the hot, dry, contamination-free underground zone and the cool, damp surrounding areas to help monitor the dynamic stripping process. 4 figs.

Dynamic underground stripping: steam and electric heating for in situ decontamination of soils and groundwater

DOEpatents

Daily, William D.; Ramirez, Abelardo L.; Newmark, Robin L.; Udell, Kent; Buetnner, Harley M.; Aines, Roger D.

1995-01-01

A dynamic underground stripping process removes localized underground volatile organic compounds from heterogeneous soils and rock in a relatively short time. This method uses steam injection and electrical resistance heating to heat the contaminated underground area to increase the vapor pressure of the contaminants, thus speeding the process of contaminant removal and making the removal more complete. The injected steam passes through the more permeable sediments, distilling the organic contaminants, which are pumped to the surface. Large electrical currents are also applied to the contaminated area, which heat the impermeable subsurface layers that the steam has not penetrated. The condensed and vaporized contaminants are withdrawn by liquid pumping and vacuum extraction. The steam injection and electrical heating steps are repeated as necessary. Geophysical imaging methods can be used to map the boundary between the hot, dry, contamination-free underground zone and the cool, damp surrounding areas to help monitor the dynamic stripping process.

77 FR 40354 - Mesa de Los Carros Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-09

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13316-001] Mesa de Los..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On April 3, 2012, Mesa De Los Carros Hydro, LLC filed an... the Mesa De Los Carros Pumped Storage Project to be located in San Miguel County, New Mexico. The...

Case studies for utilizing groundwater-source and low-enthalpy geothermal resources in Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, K.-H.; Shin, J.; Lee, K.-K.; Lee, T. J.

2012-04-01

As one of the top 10 oil-consuming countries in the world, Korea recently has had a great interest in extending the ways to utilize renewable energy. In this regard, geothermal energy resource is attracting more concerns from both of the government and the research field. Korea has neither active volcanic sites nor areas with abnormally higher heat flow. In spite of these natural conditions, many efforts have been exerted to utilize geothermal energy. Here, we introduce two case studies of using groundwater-source geothermal energy with relatively low-enthalpy: One is a riverbank filtration facility, which has been using some of its riverbank filtrate water for the indoor air-conditioning. The other is the first EGS plant planning site, where a few fault-related artesian wells reaching 70C were discovered lately. Numerical simulations to predict the temperature evolution of the two sites, which is dominated by several hydrogeologic factors, were carried out and compared. Simulation of temperature profile of riverbank filtrate water using HydroGeoSphere shows that the primary factor in determining filtrate water temperature is the pumping rate. It also shows that maintaining the facility operation with present pumping rate for the next 30 years will not cause any significant change of water temperature. However, following the new plan of the facility to install additional 37 wells with 6 times higher pumping rate than the current rate might cause about 2C decrease in filtrate water temperature in 10 years after the extension. Simulation for the temperature evolution in a faulted geothermal reservoir in EGS planning site under the supposed injection-extraction operating conditions were carried out using TOUGH2. A MINC model including a hydraulic discontinuity, which reflected the analysis from several geophysical explorations, was generated. Temperature distribution calculated from the simulation shows a rise of relatively hot geothermal water along the fault plane. It was proven out that in order to secure a stable operating efficiency of the plant, distance between the wells should be kept far enough so that the injected cold water can be warmed along the underground flow path. And after the installation of the wells, pumping/injection rates should be controlled carefully to adjust the underground fluid velocity in faulted geothermal reservoir and to avoid excessive drawdown. Acknowledgement: This study is financially supported by an R&D program from KICTEP for the "Advanced Technology for Groundwater Development and Application in Riverside Region".

Geothermal energy production with supercritical fluids

DOEpatents

Brown, Donald W.

2003-12-30

There has been invented a method for producing geothermal energy using supercritical fluids for creation of the underground reservoir, production of the geothermal energy, and for heat transport. Underground reservoirs are created by pumping a supercritical fluid such as carbon dioxide into a formation to fracture the rock. Once the reservoir is formed, the same supercritical fluid is allowed to heat up and expand, then is pumped out of the reservoir to transfer the heat to a surface power generating plant or other application.

Hollow Cylinder Tests on Boom Clay: Modelling of Strain Localization in the Anisotropic Excavation Damaged Zone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

François, Bertrand; Labiouse, Vincent; Dizier, Arnaud; Marinelli, Ferdinando; Charlier, Robert; Collin, Frédéric

2014-01-01

Boom Clay is extensively studied as a potential candidate to host underground nuclear waste disposal in Belgium. To guarantee the safety of such a disposal, the mechanical behaviour of the clay during gallery excavation must be properly predicted. In that purpose, a hollow cylinder experiment on Boom Clay has been designed to reproduce, in a small-scale test, the Excavation Damaged Zone (EDZ) as experienced during the excavation of a disposal gallery in the underground. In this article, the focus is made on the hydro-mechanical constitutive interpretation of the displacement (experimentally obtained by medium resolution X-ray tomography scanning). The coupled hydro-mechanical response of Boom Clay in this experiment is addressed through finite element computations with a constitutive model including strain hardening/softening, elastic and plastic cross-anisotropy and a regularization method for the modelling of strain localization processes. The obtained results evidence the directional dependency of the mechanical response of the clay. The softening behaviour induces transient strain localization processes, addressed through a hydro-mechanical second grade model. The shape of the obtained damaged zone is clearly affected by the anisotropy of the materials, evidencing an eye-shaped EDZ. The modelling results agree with experiments not only qualitatively (in terms of the shape of the induced damaged zone), but also quantitatively (for the obtained displacement in three particular radial directions).

4. VIEW SOUTHWEST OF 15MILLION GALLON UNDERGROUND CLEARWELL (foreground), HEAD ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. VIEW SOUTHWEST OF 15-MILLION GALLON UNDERGROUND CLEARWELL (foreground), HEAD HOUSE (left), OLD PUMP STATION (center), AND EAST FILTER BUILDING (background) - Dalecarlia Water Treatment Plant, 5900 MacArthur Boulevard, Northwest, Washington, District of Columbia, DC

76 FR 79671 - Parker Knoll Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application Tendered for Filing With the Commission and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-22

... project would be a closed-loop pumped storage system, with an initial fill from the existing Otter Creek...: Federal Power Act 16 U.S.C. 791(a)-825(r). h. Applicant Contact: Parker Knoll Hydro, LLC., 975 South State... system; (12) approximately 1 mile of 345-kV transmission line; and (13) appurtenant facilities. The...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gutierrez, Marte

Colorado School of Mines conducted research and training in the development and validation of an advanced CO{sub 2} GS (Geological Sequestration) probabilistic simulation and risk assessment model. CO{sub 2} GS simulation and risk assessment is used to develop advanced numerical simulation models of the subsurface to forecast CO2 behavior and transport; optimize site operational practices; ensure site safety; and refine site monitoring, verification, and accounting efforts. As simulation models are refined with new data, the uncertainty surrounding the identified risks decrease, thereby providing more accurate risk assessment. The models considered the full coupling of multiple physical processes (geomechanical and fluidmore » flow) and describe the effects of stochastic hydro-mechanical (H-M) parameters on the modeling of CO{sub 2} flow and transport in fractured porous rocks. Graduate students were involved in the development and validation of the model that can be used to predict the fate, movement, and storage of CO{sub 2} in subsurface formations, and to evaluate the risk of potential leakage to the atmosphere and underground aquifers. The main major contributions from the project include the development of: 1) an improved procedure to rigorously couple the simulations of hydro-thermomechanical (H-M) processes involved in CO{sub 2} GS; 2) models for the hydro-mechanical behavior of fractured porous rocks with random fracture patterns; and 3) probabilistic methods to account for the effects of stochastic fluid flow and geomechanical properties on flow, transport, storage and leakage associated with CO{sub 2} GS. The research project provided the means to educate and train graduate students in the science and technology of CO{sub 2} GS, with a focus on geologic storage. Specifically, the training included the investigation of an advanced CO{sub 2} GS simulation and risk assessment model that can be used to predict the fate, movement, and storage of CO{sub 2} in underground formations, and the evaluation of the risk of potential CO{sub 2} leakage to the atmosphere and underground aquifers.« less

76 FR 62060 - NortHydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-06

...-long underground penstock that would collect water from the Scooteney wasteway; (2) a powerhouse containing one turbine/generator unit with a capacity of 1,110 kilowatts; (3) a 4.2- mile-long, 115-kilovolt.... The wasteway functions as a diversion of surplus water from the irrigation system to the existing...

Potential uses of pumped urban groundwater: a case study in Sant Adrià del Besòs (Spain)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jurado, Anna; Vázquez-Suñé, Enric; Pujades, Estanislao

2017-09-01

Urban groundwater has often been over-exploited for industrial uses. Now, this usage tends to be reduced or the resource abandoned due to pollution and/or changes in land use. The use and the subsequent disuse of groundwater has resulted in rising water tables that damage underground structures (e.g., building basements and underground car parks and tunnels), leading to the need for additional pumping in urban areas. In the case of the underground parking lot of Sant Adrià del Besòs (Barcelona, NE Spain), large amounts of urban groundwater are pumped to avoid seepage problems. Can this pumped groundwater be used for other purposes (e.g., drinking water and urban irrigation) instead of wasting this valuable resource? To answer this question, it was necessary to quantify the groundwater recharge and to assess the evolution of groundwater quality. The limiting factor at this study site is the groundwater quality because ammonium and some metals (iron and manganese) are present at high concentrations. Hence, further treatment would be needed to meet drinking water requirements. The pumped groundwater could also be used for supplementing river flow for ecological benefit and/or for mitigating seawater intrusion problems. Currently, only a small amount of this urban groundwater is used for cleaning public areas and watering public gardens. This situation highlighted the urgent need to manage this resource in a responsible and more efficient manner, especially in moments of high water demand such as drought periods.

77 FR 38051 - Jones Canyon Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application for Amendment of Preliminary Permit Accepted for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-26

... proposed reservoirs from 6,225 feet to 7,330 feet; and (7) change the name of the project from ``Jones Canyon Pumped Storage Project'' to ``Oregon Winds Pumped Storage''. FERC Contact: Jennifer Harper, 202..., using the eComment system at http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/ecomment.asp . You must include your name...

Assessment of power step performances of variable speed pump-turbine unit by means of hydro-electrical system simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Béguin, A.; Nicolet, C.; Hell, J.; Moreira, C.

2017-04-01

The paper explores the improvement in ancillary services that variable speed technologies can provide for the case of an existing pumped storage power plant of 2x210 MVA which conversion from fixed speed to variable speed is investigated with a focus on the power step performances of the units. First two motor-generator variable speed technologies are introduced, namely the Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) and the Full Scale Frequency Converter (FSFC). Then a detailed numerical simulation model of the investigated power plant used to simulate power steps response and comprising the waterways, the pump-turbine unit, the motor-generator, the grid connection and the control systems is presented. Hydroelectric system time domain simulations are performed in order to determine the shortest response time achievable, taking into account the constraints from the maximum penstock pressure and from the rotational speed limits. It is shown that the maximum instantaneous power step response up and down depends on the hydro-mechanical characteristics of the pump-turbine unit and of the motor-generator speed limits. As a results, for the investigated test case, the FSFC solution offer the best power step response performances.

Miniature ceramic fuel cell

DOEpatents

Lessing, Paul A.; Zuppero, Anthony C.

1997-06-24

A miniature power source assembly capable of providing portable electricity is provided. A preferred embodiment of the power source assembly employing a fuel tank, fuel pump and control, air pump, heat management system, power chamber, power conditioning and power storage. The power chamber utilizes a ceramic fuel cell to produce the electricity. Incoming hydro carbon fuel is automatically reformed within the power chamber. Electrochemical combustion of hydrogen then produces electricity.

76 FR 69720 - Don Pedro Hydro, LLC; Moccasin Pumped Storage, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-09

... storage capacity of 25,000 acre-feet and a surface area of 241 acres at maximum normal water surface... penstocks; (4) a powerhouse with four 250 MW pump/turbines having an installed capacity of approximately... capacity of 25,000 acre-feet and a surface area of 240 acres at maximum normal water surface elevation of 1...

Combined Modular Pumped Hydro Energy Storage Plus Solar PV Proposal for Rio Rancho High School, New Mexico

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bibeault, Mark Leonide

This is a proposal to locate a combined Modular Pumped Hydro (MPH) Energy Storage plus PV solar facility at Rio Rancho High School, NM. The facility will functionally provide electricity at night derived from renewable solar energy. Additionally the facility will provide STEM related educational opportunities for students and staff of the school, public community outreach, and validation of an energy storage approach applicable for the Nation (up to 1,000,000 kWh per installation). The proposal will summarize the nature of electricity, why energy storage is useful, present the combined MPH and solar PV production design, present how the actual designmore » will be built and operated in a sustainable manner, how the project could be funded, and how the project could be used in STEM related activities.« less

Hydro power flexibility for power systems with variable renewable energy sources: an IEA Task 25 collaboration: Hydro power flexibility for power systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huertas-Hernando, Daniel; Farahmand, Hossein; Holttinen, Hannele

2016-06-20

Hydro power is one of the most flexible sources of electricity production. Power systems with considerable amounts of flexible hydro power potentially offer easier integration of variable generation, e.g., wind and solar. However, there exist operational constraints to ensure mid-/long-term security of supply while keeping river flows and reservoirs levels within permitted limits. In order to properly assess the effective available hydro power flexibility and its value for storage, a detailed assessment of hydro power is essential. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the weather-dependent hydrological cycle, regulation constraints on the hydro system, and uncertainty of internal load as wellmore » as variable generation (wind and solar), this assessment is complex. Hence, it requires proper modeling of all the underlying interactions between hydro power and the power system, with a large share of other variable renewables. A summary of existing experience of wind integration in hydro-dominated power systems clearly points to strict simulation methodologies. Recommendations include requirements for techno-economic models to correctly assess strategies for hydro power and pumped storage dispatch. These models are based not only on seasonal water inflow variations but also on variable generation, and all these are in time horizons from very short term up to multiple years, depending on the studied system. Another important recommendation is to include a geographically detailed description of hydro power systems, rivers' flows, and reservoirs as well as grid topology and congestion.« less

Real-time co-simulation of adjustable-speed pumped storage hydro for transient stability analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mohanpurkar, Manish; Ouroua, Abdelhamid; Hovsapian, Rob

Pumped storage hydro (PSH) based generation of electricity is a proven grid level storage technique. A new configuration i.e., adjustable speed PSH (AS-PSH) power plant is modeled and discussed in this paper. Hydrodynamic models are created using partial differential equations and the governor topology adopted from an existing, operational AS-PSH unit. Physics-based simulation of both hydrodynamics and power system dynamics has been studied individually in the past. This article demonstrates a co-simulation of an AS-PSH unit between penstock hydrodynamics and power system events in a real-time environment. Co-simulation provides an insight into the dynamic and transient operation of AS-PSH connectedmore » to a bulk power system network. The two modes of AS-PSH operation presented in this paper are turbine and pump modes. A general philosophy of operating in turbine mode is prevalent in the field when the prices of electricity are high and in the pumping mode when prices are low. However, recently there is renewed interest in operating PSH to also provide ancillary services. A real-time co-simulation at sub-second regime of AS-PSH connected to the IEEE 14 bus test system is performed using digital real-time simulator and the results are discussed.« less

Real-time co-simulation of adjustable-speed pumped storage hydro for transient stability analysis

DOE PAGES

Mohanpurkar, Manish; Ouroua, Abdelhamid; Hovsapian, Rob; ...

2017-09-12

Pumped storage hydro (PSH) based generation of electricity is a proven grid level storage technique. A new configuration i.e., adjustable speed PSH (AS-PSH) power plant is modeled and discussed in this paper. Hydrodynamic models are created using partial differential equations and the governor topology adopted from an existing, operational AS-PSH unit. Physics-based simulation of both hydrodynamics and power system dynamics has been studied individually in the past. This article demonstrates a co-simulation of an AS-PSH unit between penstock hydrodynamics and power system events in a real-time environment. Co-simulation provides an insight into the dynamic and transient operation of AS-PSH connectedmore » to a bulk power system network. The two modes of AS-PSH operation presented in this paper are turbine and pump modes. A general philosophy of operating in turbine mode is prevalent in the field when the prices of electricity are high and in the pumping mode when prices are low. However, recently there is renewed interest in operating PSH to also provide ancillary services. A real-time co-simulation at sub-second regime of AS-PSH connected to the IEEE 14 bus test system is performed using digital real-time simulator and the results are discussed.« less

Collaborative Modular Pumped Hydro Energy Storage Design Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bibeault, Mark Leonide; Roybal, Adam; Bailey, Jr., Richard J.

In May of 2017, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) through the Applied Engineering Technology Division, Jemez Mountain Electric Cooperative Inc. (JMEC), and Northern New Mexico College (NNMC) agreed to enter into a small, joint, non-binding Modular Pumped Hydro (MPH) design study related to grid level energy storage to begin a process of collaboration. Los Alamos National Laboratory's mission is to solve national security challenges through scientific excellence. The mission of Northern New Mexico College is to ensure student success by providing access to affordable, community-based learning opportunities that meet the educational, cultural, and economic needs of the region. Jemez Mountainmore » Electric Cooperative Inc. is the largest electric co-op in the State of New Mexico providing affordable and reliable electricity to customers in the five counties of Rio Arriba, Santa Fe, San Juan, McKinley and Sandoval.« less

13. Photocopy of drawing (original in SRP Files and Reproductions) ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. Photocopy of drawing (original in SRP Files and Reproductions) SRP Engineering, September 1940 RIGHTS OF WAY OF GRAND CANAL AND INDIAN BEND PUMP AND WASTE DITCH, SHOWING LOCATIONS OF DIESEL PLANT, ORIGINAL CROSSCUT HYDRO POWER HOUSE, AND DIESEL PLANT WELL NEAR WHICH INDIAN BEND POND WOULD BE CONSTRUCTED. - Crosscut Steam Plant, Indian Bend Pond & Pump Ditch, North side Salt River near Mill Avenue & Washington Street, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Wind-energy storage

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gordon, L. H.

1980-01-01

Program SIMWEST can model wind energy storage system using any combination of five types of storage: pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel, and pneumatic. Program is tool to aid design of optional system for given application with realistic simulation for further evaluation and verification.

Essays on Infrastructure Design and Planning for Clean Energy Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kocaman, Ayse Selin

The International Energy Agency estimates that the number of people who do not have access to electricity is nearly 1.3 billion and a billion more have only unreliable and intermittent supply. Moreover, current supply for electricity generation mostly relies on fossil fuels, which are finite and one of the greatest threats to the environment. Rising population growth rates, depleting fuel sources, environmental issues and economic developments have increased the need for mathematical optimization to provide a formal framework that enables systematic and clear decision-making in energy operations. This thesis through its methodologies and algorithms enable tools for energy generation, transmission and distribution system design and help policy makers make cost assessments in energy infrastructure planning rapidly and accurately. In Chapter 2, we focus on local-level power distribution systems planning for rural electrification using techniques from combinatorial optimization. We describe a heuristic algorithm that provides a quick solution for the partial electrification problem where the distribution network can only connect a pre-specified number of households with low voltage lines. The algorithm demonstrates the effect of household settlement patterns on the electrification cost. We also describe the first heuristic algorithm that selects the locations and service areas of transformers without requiring candidate solutions and simultaneously builds a two-level grid network in a green-field setting. The algorithms are applied to real world rural settings in Africa, where household locations digitized from satellite imagery are prescribed. In Chapter 3 and 4, we focus on power generation and transmission using clean energy sources. Here, we imagine a country in the future where hydro and solar are the dominant sources and fossil fuels are only available in minimal form. We discuss the problem of modeling hydro and solar energy production and allocation, including long-term investments and storage, capturing the stochastic nature of hourly supply and demand data. We mathematically model two hybrid energy generation and allocation systems where time variability of energy sources and demand is balanced using the water stored in the reservoirs. In Chapter 3, we use conventional hydro power stations (incoming stream flows are stored in large dams and water release is deferred until it is needed) and in Chapter 4, we use pumped hydro stations (water is pumped from lower reservoir to upper reservoir during periods of low demand to be released for generation when demand is high). Aim of the models is to determine optimal sizing of infrastructure needed to match demand and supply in a most reliable and cost effective way. An innovative contribution of this work is the establishment of a new perspective to energy modeling by including fine-grained sources of uncertainty such as stream flow and solar radiations in hourly level as well as spatial location of supply and demand and transmission network in national level. In addition, we compare the conventional and the pumped hydro power systems in terms of reliability and cost efficiency and quantitatively show the improvement provided by including pumped hydro storage. The model will be presented with a case study of India and helps to answer whether solar energy in addition to hydro power potential in Himalaya Mountains would be enough to meet growing electricity demand if fossil fuels could be almost completely phased out from electricity generation.

76 FR 76155 - Nevada Hydro Company, Inc.; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-06

... elevation of 2,830 feet above mean sea level (msl); (2) a powerhouse with two reversible pump-turbine units... Diego Gas & Electric Company transmission line located to the south. Applicant Contact: Arnold B...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Ethanol Blends

Science.gov Websites

pump dispenser can offer three grades of gasoline (regular, premium, mid-grade) by storing regular and premium in two tanks underground. The dispenser is then able to blend the two to offer mid-grade gasoline . Ethanol blender pumps work the same way, with regular gasoline and E85 stored in two tanks. They offer

Heat transfer analysis of underground U-type heat exchanger of ground source heat pump system.

PubMed

Pei, Guihong; Zhang, Liyin

2016-01-01

Ground source heat pumps is a building energy conservation technique. The underground buried pipe heat exchanging system of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) is the basis for the normal operation of an entire heat pump system. Computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation software, ANSYS-FLUENT17.0 have been performed the calculations under the working conditions of a continuous and intermittent operation over 7 days on a GSHP with a single-well, single-U and double-U heat exchanger and the impact of single-U and double-U buried heat pipes on the surrounding rock-soil temperature field and the impact of intermittent operation and continuous operation on the outlet water temperature. The influence on the rock-soil temperature is approximately 13 % higher for the double-U heat exchanger than that of the single-U heat exchanger. The extracted energy of the intermittent operation is 36.44 kw·h higher than that of the continuous mode, although the running time is lower than that of continuous mode, over the course of 7 days. The thermal interference loss and quantity of heat exchanged for unit well depths at steady-state condition of 2.5 De, 3 De, 4 De, 4.5 De, 5 De, 5.5 De and 6 De of sidetube spacing are detailed in this work. The simulation results of seven working conditions are compared. It is recommended that the side-tube spacing of double-U underground pipes shall be greater than or equal to five times of outer diameter (borehole diameter: 180 mm).

77 FR 21765 - Nevada Hydro Company, Inc.; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-11

... level (msl); (2) a powerhouse with two reversible pump-turbine units with a total installed capacity of... California Edison located north of the proposed project and to an existing San Diego Gas & Electric Company...

Investigation on thermal environment improvement by waste heat recovery in the underground station in Qingdao metro

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Jianwei; Liu, Jiaquan; Wang, Fengyin; Wang, Cuiping

2018-03-01

The thermal environment parameters, like the temperature and air velocity, are measured to investigate the heat comfort status of metro staff working area in winter in Qingdao. The temperature is affected obviously by the piston wind from the train and waiting hall in the lower Hall, and the temperature is not satisfied with the least heat comfort temperature of 16 °C. At the same time, the heat produced by the electrical and control equipments is brought by the cooling air to atmosphere for the equipment safety. Utilizing the water-circulating heat pump, it is feasible to transfer the emission heat to the staff working area to improve the thermal environment. Analyzed the feasibility from the technique and economy when using the heat pump, the water-circulating heat pump could be the best way to realize the waste heat recovery and to help the heat comfort of staff working area in winter in the underground metro station in north China.

Towards a Managed Aquifer Recharge strategy for Gujarat, India: An economist’s dialogue with hydro-geologists

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shah, Tushaar

2014-10-01

Gujarat state in Western India exemplifies all challenges of an agrarian economy founded on groundwater overexploitation sustained over decades by perverse energy subsidies. Major consequences are: secular decline in groundwater levels, deterioration of groundwater quality, rising energy cost of pumping, soaring carbon footprint of agriculture and growing financial burden of energy subsidies. In 2009, Government of Gujarat asked the present author, an economist, to chair a Taskforce of senior hydro-geologists and civil engineers to develop and recommend a Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) strategy for the state. This paper summarizes the recommended strategy and its underlying logic. It also describes the imperfect fusion of socio-economic and hydro-geologic perspectives that occurred in course of the working of the Taskforce and highlights the need for trans-disciplinary perspectives on groundwater governance.

SIMWEST: A simulation model for wind and photovoltaic energy storage systems (CDC user's manual), volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warren, A. W.; Esinger, A. W.

1979-01-01

Procedures are given for using the SIMWEST program on CDC 6000 series computers. This expanded software package includes wind and/or photovoltaic systems utilizing any combination of five types of storage (pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel, and pneumatic).

Los Alamos National Laboratory Modular Pumped Hydro Feasibility Study for Santa Fe Community College

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bibeault, Mark Leonide

Report on the Economic Energy Assessment for a community college in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Report shows graphically the demand for energy in the month of September, and illustrates the production of electricity as it goes onto the grid for use.

Engineering the Implementation of Pumped Hydro Energy Storage in the Arizona Power Grid

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dixon, William Jesse J.

This thesis addresses the issue of making an economic case for bulk energy storage in the Arizona bulk power system. Pumped hydro energy storage (PHES) is used in this study. Bulk energy storage has often been suggested for large scale electric power systems in order to levelize load (store energy when it is inexpensive [energy demand is low] and discharge energy when it is expensive [energy demand is high]). It also has the potential to provide opportunities to avoid transmission and generation expansion, and provide for generation reserve margins. As the level of renewable energy resources increases, the uncertainty and variability of wind and solar resources may be improved by bulk energy storage technologies. For this study, the MATLab software platform is used, a mathematical based modeling language, optimization solvers (specifically Gurobi), and a power flow solver (PowerWorld) are used to simulate an economic dispatch problem that includes energy storage and transmission losses. A program is created which utilizes quadratic programming to analyze various cases using a 2010 summer peak load from the Arizona portion of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) system. Actual data from industry are used in this test bed. In this thesis, the full capabilities of Gurobi are not utilized (e.g., integer variables, binary variables). However, the formulation shown here does create a platform such that future, more sophisticated modeling may readily be incorporated. The developed software is used to assess the Arizona test bed with a low level of energy storage to study how the storage power limit effects several optimization outputs such as the system wide operating costs. Large levels of energy storage are then added to see how high level energy storage affects peak shaving, load factor, and other system applications. Finally, various constraint relaxations are made to analyze why the applications tested eventually approach a constant value. This research illustrates the use of energy storage which helps minimize the system wide generator operating cost by "shaving" energy off of the peak demand. The thesis builds on the work of another recent researcher with the objectives of strengthening the assumptions used, checking the solutions obtained, utilizing higher level simulation languages to affirm results, and expanding the results and conclusions. One important point not fully discussed in the present thesis is the impact of efficiency in the pumped hydro cycle. The efficiency of the cycle for modern units is estimated at higher than 90%. Inclusion of pumped hydro losses is relegated to future work.

Data for factor analysis of hydro-geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Iranshahr.

PubMed

Biglari, Hamed; Saeidi, Mehdi; Karimyan, Kamaleddin; Narooie, Mohammad Reza; Sharafi, Hooshmand

2018-08-01

Detection of Hydrogeological and Hydro-geochemical changes affecting the quality of aquifer water is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the factor analysis of the hydro-geochemical characteristics of Iranshahr underground water resources during the warm and cool seasons. In this study, 248 samples (two-time repetitions) of ground water resources were provided at first by cluster-random sampling method during 2017 in the villages of Iranshahr city. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, concentrations of 13 important chemical parameters in those samples were determined according to o water and wastewater standard methods. The results of this study indicated that 45.45% and 55.55% of the correlation between parameters has had a significant decrease and increase, respectively with the transition from warm seasons to cold seasons. According to the factor analysis method, three factors of land hydro-geochemical processes, supplying resources by surface water and sewage as well as human activities have been identified as influential on the chemical composition of these resources.The highest growth rate of 0.37 was observed between phosphate and nitrate ions while the lowest trend of - 0.33 was seen between fluoride ion and calcium as well as chloride ions. Also, a significant increase in the correlation between magnesium ion and nitrate ion from warm seasons to cold seasons indicates the high seasonal impact of the relation between these two parameters.

75 FR 53961 - Pajuela Peak Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-02

... hydraulic head of 1,465 feet; (2) a proposed 50-ft zoned earth and rockfill lower dam with a 5,896-ft length... 150 MW and two 50 MW reversible pump/turbine generating units having an installed capacity of 250...

18 CFR 801.12 - Electric power generation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Electric power... COMMISSION GENERAL POLICIES § 801.12 Electric power generation. (a) Significant uses are presently being made of the waters of the basin for the generation of electric power at hydro, pumped storage, and...

18 CFR 801.12 - Electric power generation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Electric power... COMMISSION GENERAL POLICIES § 801.12 Electric power generation. (a) Significant uses are presently being made of the waters of the basin for the generation of electric power at hydro, pumped storage, and...

18 CFR 801.12 - Electric power generation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Electric power... COMMISSION GENERAL POLICIES § 801.12 Electric power generation. (a) Significant uses are presently being made of the waters of the basin for the generation of electric power at hydro, pumped storage, and...

18 CFR 801.12 - Electric power generation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Electric power... COMMISSION GENERAL POLICIES § 801.12 Electric power generation. (a) Significant uses are presently being made of the waters of the basin for the generation of electric power at hydro, pumped storage, and...

18 CFR 801.12 - Electric power generation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Electric power... COMMISSION GENERAL POLICIES § 801.12 Electric power generation. (a) Significant uses are presently being made of the waters of the basin for the generation of electric power at hydro, pumped storage, and...

Simulation of pump-turbine prototype fast mode transition for grid stability support

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nicolet, C.; Braun, O.; Ruchonnet, N.; Hell, J.; Béguin, A.; Avellan, F.

2017-04-01

The paper explores the additional services that Full Size Frequency Converter, FSFC, solution can provide for the case of an existing pumped storage power plant of 2x210 MW, for which conversion from fixed speed to variable speed is investigated with a focus on fast mode transition. First, reduced scale model tests experiments of fast transition of Francis pump-turbine which have been performed at the ANDRITZ HYDRO Hydraulic Laboratory in Linz Austria are presented. The tests consist of linear speed transition from pump to turbine and vice versa performed with constant guide vane opening. Then existing pumped storage power plant with pump-turbine quasi homologous to the reduced scale model is modelled using the simulation software SIMSEN considering the reservoirs, penstocks, the two Francis pump-turbines, the two downstream surge tanks, and the tailrace tunnel. For the electrical part, an FSFC configuration is considered with a detailed electrical model. The transitions from turbine to pump and vice versa are simulated, and similarities between prototype simulation results and reduced scale model experiments are highlighted.

The First Israeli Hydro-Electric Pumped Storage Power Plant Gilboa PSPP

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maruzewski, P., Dr.; Sautereau, T.; Sapir, Y.; Barak, H.; Hénard, F.; Blaix, J.-C.

2016-11-01

The Israeli Public Utilities Authority, PUA, decided to increase the instantaneous power available on the grid by adding Pumped Storage Power Plants, PSPP, to the existing generation capacity. PSP Investments Ltd. is a private investor that decided to develop the Gilboa PSPP. Its capacity is 300MWe. The project performance has to comply with PUA regulation for PSPP, and with all relevant Israeli laws and IECo standards. This paper itemizes an overview of the Gilboa PSPP through short summaries of units’ components from design step to manufacturing processes.

Energo- and exergo-technical assessment of ground-source heat pump systems for geothermal energy production from underground mines.

PubMed

Amiri, Leyla; Madadian, Edris; Hassani, Ferri P

2018-06-08

The objective of this study is to perform the energy and exergy analysis of an integrated ground-source heat pump (GSHP) system, along with technical assessment, for geothermal energy production by deployment of Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The system comprises heat pump cycle and ground heat exchanger for extracting geothermal energy from underground mine water. A simultaneous energy and exergy analysis of the system is brought off. These analyses provided persuasive outcomes due to the use of an economic and green source of energy. The energetic coefficient of performance (COP) of the entire system is 2.33 and the exergy efficiency of the system is 28.6%. The exergetic efficiencies of the compressor, ground heat exchanger, evaporator, expansion valve, condenser and fan are computed to be 38%, 42%, 53%, 55%, 60% and 64%, respectively. In the numerical investigation, different alteration such as changing the temperature and pressure of the condenser show promising potential for further application of GSHPs. The outcomes of this research can be used for developing and designing novel coupled heat and power systems.

77 FR 61303 - Airworthiness Directives; Turbomeca S.A. Turboshaft Engines

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-09

...-mechanical metering unit (HMU). This proposed AD would require replacing the HMU at a reduced life. We are... pressure/low pressure (HP/LP) pump assembly within the hydro- mechanical metering unit (HMU), removed...-mechanical metering unit (HMU). We are issuing this AD to prevent an uncommanded in-flight shutdown of the...

Integration of Variable Speed Pumped Hydro Storage in Automatic Generation Control Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fulgêncio, N.; Moreira, C.; Silva, B.

2017-04-01

Pumped storage power (PSP) plants are expected to be an important player in modern electrical power systems when dealing with increasing shares of new renewable energies (NRE) such as solar or wind power. The massive penetration of NRE and consequent replacement of conventional synchronous units will significantly affect the controllability of the system. In order to evaluate the capability of variable speed PSP plants participation in the frequency restoration reserve (FRR) provision, taking into account the expected performance in terms of improved ramp response capability, a comparison with conventional hydro units is presented. In order to address this issue, a three area test network was considered, as well as the corresponding automatic generation control (AGC) systems, being responsible for re-dispatching the generation units to re-establish power interchange between areas as well as the system nominal frequency. The main issue under analysis in this paper is related to the benefits of the fast response of variable speed PSP with respect to its capability of providing fast power balancing in a control area.

Analytical study of magnetohydrodynamic propulsion stability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi, M. Y.

2014-09-01

In this paper an analytical solution for the stability of the fully developed flow drive in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump with pulsating transverse Eletro-magnetic fields is presented. To do this, a theoretical model of the flow is developed and the analytical results are obtained for both the cylindrical and Cartesian configurations that are proper to use in the propulsion of marine vessels. The governing parabolic momentum PDEs are transformed into an ordinary differential equation using approximate velocity distribution. The numerical results are obtained and asymptotic analyses are built to discover the mathematical behavior of the solutions. The maximum velocity in a magneto-hydro-dynamic pump versus time for various values of the Stuart number, electro-magnetic interaction number, Reynolds number, aspect ratio, as well as the magnetic and electrical angular frequency and the shift of the phase angle is presented. Results show that for a high Stuart number there is a frequency limit for stability of the fluid flow in a certain direction of the flow. This stability frequency is dependent on the geometric parameters of a channel.

[Responses of Cynodon dactylon population in hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir area to flooding-drying habitat change].

PubMed

Hong, Ming; Guo, Quan-Shu; Nie, Bi-Hong; Kang, Yi; Pei, Shun-Xiang; Jin, Jiang-Qun; Wang, Xiang-Fu

2011-11-01

This paper studied the population density, morphological characteristics, and biomass and its allocation of Cynodon dactylon at different altitudinal sections of the hydro-fluctuation belt in Three Gorges Reservoir area, based on located observations. At the three altitudinal sections, the population density of C. dactylon was in the order of shallow water section (165-170 m elevation) > non-flooded section (above 172 m elevation) > deep water section (145-150 m elevation), the root diameter and root length were in the order of deep water section > shallow water section > non-flooded section, the total biomass, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, and stem biomass allocation ratio were in the order of the shallow water section > non-flooded section > deep water section, and the root biomass allocation ratio, leaf biomass allocation ratio, and underground biomass/aboveground biomass were in the order of deep water section > shallow water section > non-flooded section. The unique adaption strategies of C. dactylon to the flooding-drying habitat change in the shallow water section were the accelerated elongation growth and the increased stem biomass allocation, those in the deep water section were the increased node number of primary and secondary branches, increased number of the branches, and increased leaf biomass allocation, whereas the common strategies in the shallow and deep water sections were the accelerated root growth and the increased tillering and underground biomass allocation for preparing nutrition and energy for the rapid growth in terrestrial environment.

Influence of guide vane opening on the flow phenomena in a pump turbine during a fast transition from pump mode to generating mode

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stens, C.; Riedelbauch, S.

2017-04-01

Due to a more fluctuating energy production caused by renewable energies such as wind and solar power, the number of changes between operating points in pumped storage power plants has increased over the last years. To further increase available regulating power, it is desirable to speed up these changes of operation conditions in Hydro units. Previous studies showed that CFD is well capable of predicting the flow phenomena in the machine under unsteady conditions for a large guide vane opening angle. The present paper investigates the benefits of nearly closed guide vanes during the transition. Results are compared between the two different angles as well as between simulation and measurement.

Material Transport in ASDEX Upgrade

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rohde, V.; Dux, R.; Mayer, M.; Neu, R.; PA~ 1/4 tterich, T.; Schneider, W.; ASDEX Upgrade-Team,

Today carbon is the most common first wall material in fusion experiments, whereas the first wall of the next step device will consist of a mixture of elements. Especially tungsten has been shown to be an alternative to low-Z materials. However, even with 40% of tungsten coated plasma facing components, carbon is still the dominant impurity at ASDEX Upgrade. A consistent picture of the carbon migration in ASDEX Upgrade has been achieved. Primary carbon sources are the protection limiters at the low field side of the main chamber. Eroded carbon is distributed all over the main chamber. So, the initially tungsten coated central column acts as the main carbon source during discharges, even though a considerable amount of tungsten surfaces persists. Carbon coverage of the central column can significantly change on a shot to shot basis. The divertor target plates act as a strong carbon sink. Deposits are found at the inner and outer divertor, which may be re-eroded forming precursors for layer production at remote areas. In ASDEX Upgrade, deposits on the subdivertor structure are formed by hydro-carbons with a high effective sticking coefficient. A parasitic plasma at these locations may enhance the surface loss probability by surface activation. At more remote areas, such as the pump ducts, a very small deposition is found. Non sticking hydro-carbons are effectively pumped by the cryopump and turbo molecular pumps.

WATER PUMP HOUSE, TRA619, AND TWO WATER STORAGE RESERVOIRS. INDUSTRIAL ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

WATER PUMP HOUSE, TRA-619, AND TWO WATER STORAGE RESERVOIRS. INDUSTRIAL WINDOWS AND COPING STRIPS AT TOP OF WALLS AND ENTRY VESTIBULE. BOLLARDS PROTECT UNDERGROUND FACILITIES. SWITCHYARD AT RIGHT EDGE OF VIEW. CARD IN LOWER RIGHT WAS INSERTED BY INL PHOTOGRAPHER TO COVER AN OBSOLETE SECURITY RESTRICTION PRINTED ON ORIGINAL NEGATIVE. INL NEGATIVE NO. 3816. Unknown Photographer, 11/28/1951 - Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Test Reactor Area, Materials & Engineering Test Reactors, Scoville, Butte County, ID

Israeli Sources of Conflict and Change Affecting the Middle East

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-04-01

Lake Tiberias) in the north, which acts as a natural reservoir and is fed by the River Jordan, and two aquifers , or underground supplies. (13:24) There...10) Similarly, Israeli pumps are overpumping the coastal aquifer , and water is seeping in (saline intrusion). (13:24;15:36) The mountain aquifer , which...and Israeli authorities restrict Palestinian use of water so that water can flow 24 into Israel. Israel pumps more water from the mountain aquifer

1. Credit USAF, ca. 1942. Original housed in the Muroc ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

1. Credit USAF, ca. 1942. Original housed in the Muroc Flight Test Base, Unit History, 1 September 1942 - 30 June 1945. Alfred F. Simpson Historical Research Agency. United States Air Force. Maxwell AFB, Alabama. Historical view looks west southwest at construction of Building 4317, Deluge Water Pumping Station (then designated Pump House No. 3). This in-ground structure houses fire pumps which draw water from an in-ground reservoir, Building 4316 (See HAER photos CA-170-I). Pumping station was built in-ground to take advantage of gravity, since water flows from reservoir to prime the pumps, and fire system piping is underground. Opening in far wall is to stairs leading up to ground level. Earth mound in background is part of water reservoir construction (Building 4316). - Edwards Air Force Base, North Base, Deluge Water Pumping Station, Near Second & D Streets, Boron, Kern County, CA

75 FR 2129 - Moriah Hydro Corporation; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-14

...-high, containing approximately 100 pump/turbine/ generator units having a total installed capacity of...,400 acre- feet at normal water surface elevation of +1,000 feet Project Datum; (2) a lower reservoir..., with a surface area of about 50 acres and volume of approximately 2,400 acre-feet at normal water...

Caging the Dragon: The Containment of Underground Nuclear Explosions

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-06-01

a nonuniform stress distribu- tion through the beam. Or, the torsion of a cylinder. If you load it into the plastic regime, the outside fibers get...driver, but you need some nonuniformities . So, we made a second sand column in which we put one permeability of sand in an outer annulus, and a...on this pumping business is that you need the atmospheric pumping, but it is the degree of nonuniformity that exists that makes it work. It is the

Contribution of variable-speed pump hydro storage for power system dynamic performance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, B.; Moreira, C.

2017-04-01

This paper presents the study of variable-speed Pump Storage Powerplant (PSP) in the Portuguese power system. It evaluates the progressive integration in three major locations and compares the power system performance following a severe fault event with consequent disconnection of non-Fault Ride-through (FRT) compliant Wind Farms (WF). To achieve such objective, a frequency responsive model was developed in PSS/E and was further used to substitute existing fixed-speed PSP. The results allow identifying a clear enhancement on the power system performance by the presence of frequency responsive variable-speed PSP, especially for the scenario presented, with high level of renewables integration.

Analysis of the vortices in the inner flow of reversible pump turbine with the new omega vortex identification method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Yu-ning; Liu, Kai-hua; Li, Jin-wei; Xian, Hai-zhen; Du, Xiao-ze

2018-05-01

Reversible pump turbines are widely employed in the pumped hydro energy storage power plants. The frequent shifts among various operational modes for the reversible pump turbines pose various instability problems, e.g., the strong pressure fluctuation, the shaft swing, and the impeller damage. The instability is related to the vortices generated in the channels of the reversible pump turbines in the generating mode. In the present paper, a new omega vortex identification method is applied to the vortex analysis of the reversible pump turbines. The main advantage of the adopted algorithm is that it is physically independent of the selected values for the vortex identification in different working modes. Both weak and strong vortices can be identified by setting the same omega value in the whole passage of the reversible pump turbine. Five typical modes (turbine mode, runaway mode, turbine brake mode, zero-flow-rate mode and reverse pump mode) at several typical guide vane openings are selected for the analysis and comparisons. The differences between various modes and different guide vane openings are compared both qualitatively in terms of the vortex distributions and quantitatively in terms of the areas of the vortices in the reversible pump turbines. Our findings indicate that the new omega method could be successfully applied to the vortex identification in the reversible pump turbines.

Hydro pumped storage, international experience: An overview of ASCE task committee report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Makarechian, A.H.; Rummel, G.

1995-12-31

This paper presents an overview of a report that is being prepared by ASCE Task Committee on Pumped Storage, International Experience. The reader is referred to the committee report that will be available in 1996. Many pumped storage projects in Europe, but particularly in Japan are becoming an indispensable resource in management of loads and resources on the electrical system. They serve to enhance reliability of the system and to provide for efficient utilization of thermal resources. Pumped storage is increasingly being used as a system management tool. To serve such purposes and to function in this key role, pumpedmore » storage projects are designed for very fast loading and unloading, for very fast mode reversals from pumping to generating and visa versa, for synchronous generation, and more importantly for load ramping during the pumping mode. This is achieved by use of variable-speed pump turbine units. The use of variable-speed units has proven so successful in Japan that many older projects are retrofitted with this new feature. Other interesting equipment applications are discussed including utilization of multi-stage unregulated pump turbines for very high heads (up to 1,250 m), and continued extension of the experience for high head reversible Francis unit, currently in excess of 750 m.« less

Caldera demonstration model

USGS Publications Warehouse

Venezky, Dina; Wessells, Stephen

2010-01-01

A caldera is a large, usually circular volcanic depression formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow underground magma reservoir. It is often difficult to visualize how calderas form. This simple experiment using flour, a balloon, tubing, and a bicycle pump, provides a helpful visualization for caldera formation.

30 CFR 7.83 - Application requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...) Injector nozzle; (9) Injection fuel pump; (10) Governor; (11) Turbocharger, if applicable; (12) Aftercooler... APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS TESTING BY APPLICANT OR THIRD PARTY Diesel Engines Intended for Use in Underground Coal Mines § 7.83 Application requirements. (a) An application for approval of a diesel engine...

Pressure charged airlift pump

DOEpatents

Campbell, Gene K.

1983-01-01

A pumping system is described for pumping fluids, such as water with entrained mud and small rocks, out of underground cavities such as drilled wells, which can effectively remove fluids down to a level very close to the bottom of the cavity and which can operate solely by compressed air pumped down through the cavity. The system utilizes a subassembly having a pair of parallel conduit sections (44, 46) adapted to be connected onto the bottom of a drill string utilized for drilling the cavity, the drill string also having a pair of coaxially extending conduits. The subassembly includes an upper portion which has means for connection onto the drill string and terminates the first conduit of the drill string in a plenum (55). A compressed air-driven pump (62) is suspended from the upper portion. The pump sucks fluids from the bottom of the cavity and discharges them into the second conduit. Compressed air pumped down through the first conduit (46) to the plenum powers the compressed air-driven pump and aerates the fluid in the second conduit to lift it to the earth's surface.

Flooded Underground Coal Mines: A Significant Source of Inexpensive Geothermal Energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watzlaf, G.R.; Ackman, T.E.

2007-04-01

Many mining regions in the United States contain extensive areas of flooded underground mines. The water within these mines represents a significant and widespread opportunity for extracting low-grade, geothermal energy. Based on current energy prices, geothermal heat pump systems using mine water could reduce the annual costs for heating to over 70 percent compared to conventional heating methods (natural gas or heating oil). These same systems could reduce annual cooling costs by up to 50 percent over standard air conditioning in many areas of the country. (Formatted full-text version is released by permission of publisher)

Conference on Fluid Machinery, 8th, Budapest, Hungary, Sept. 1987, Proceedings. Volumes 1 & 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szabo, A.; Kisbocskoi, L.

The present conference on turbomachine fluid mechanics gives attention to the analysis of labyrinth seals, irrigation turbomachinery, axial-flow fans, poppet valves, the generation of Karman vortices, self-rectifying Wells-type air turbines, computer simulations for water-supply systems, the computation of meridional flow in turbomachines, entrained air effects on vortex pump performance, the three-dimensional potential flow in a draft tube, and hydro powerplant diagnostic methods. Also discussed are a mathematical model for the initiation of cavitation wear, cryogenic flow in ejectors, flow downstream of guide vanes in a Kaplan turbine, unsteady flow in rotating cascades, novel methods for turbomachine vibration monitoring, cavitation breakdown in centrifugal pumps, test results for Banki turbines, centrifugal compressor return-channel flow, performance predictions for regenerative turbomachines, and secondary flows in a centrifugal pump.

Preliminary Feasibility Study of a Hybrid Solar and Modular Pumped Storage Hydro System at Biosphere 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lansey, Kevin; Hortsman, Chris

2016-10-01

In this study, the preliminary feasibility of a hybrid solar and modular pumped storage system designed for high energy independence at Biosphere 2 is assessed. The system consists of an array of solar PV panels that generate electricity during the day to power both Biosphere 2 and a pump that sends water through a pipe to a tank at a high elevation. When solar power is not available, the water is released back down the pipe towards a tank at a lower elevation, where it passes through a hydraulic water turbine to generate hydroelectricity to power Biosphere 2. The hybridmore » system is sized to generate and store enough energy to enable Biosphere 2 to operate without a grid interconnection on an average day.« less

Improved pump turbine transient behaviour prediction using a Thoma number-dependent hillchart model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manderla, M.; Kiniger, K.; Koutnik, J.

2014-03-01

Water hammer phenomena are important issues for high head hydro power plants. Especially, if several reversible pump-turbines are connected to the same waterways there may be strong interactions between the hydraulic machines. The prediction and coverage of all relevant load cases is challenging and difficult using classical simulation models. On the basis of a recent pump-storage project, dynamic measurements motivate an improved modeling approach making use of the Thoma number dependency of the actual turbine behaviour. The proposed approach is validated for several transient scenarios and turns out to increase correlation between measurement and simulation results significantly. By applying a fully automated simulation procedure broad operating ranges can be covered which provides a consistent insight into critical load case scenarios. This finally allows the optimization of the closing strategy and hence the overall power plant performance.

Effect of Pumping on Groundwater Levels: A Case Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sindhu, G.; Vijayachandran, Lekshmi

2018-03-01

Groundwater is a major source for drinking and domestic purposes. Nowadays, extensive pumping has become a major issue of concern since pumping has led to rapid decline in the groundwater table, thus imposing landward gradient, leading to saline water intrusion especially in coastal areas. Groundwater pumping has seen its utmost effect on coastal aquifer systems, where the sea-ward gradient gets disturbed due to anthropogenic influences. Hence, a groundwater flow modelling of an aquifer system is essential for understanding the various hydro-geologic conditions, which can be used to study the responses of the aquifer system with regard to various pumping scenarios. Besides, a model helps to predict the water levels for the future period with respect to changing environment. In this study, a finite element groundwater flow model of a coastal aquifer system at Aakulam, Trivandrum district is developed, calibrated and simulated using the software Finite Element subsurface Flow system (FEFLOW 6.2).This simulated model is then used to predict the groundwater levels for a future 5 year period during pre monsoon and post monsoon season.

Effect of Pumping on Groundwater Levels: A Case Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sindhu, G.; Vijayachandran, Lekshmi

2018-06-01

Groundwater is a major source for drinking and domestic purposes. Nowadays, extensive pumping has become a major issue of concern since pumping has led to rapid decline in the groundwater table, thus imposing landward gradient, leading to saline water intrusion especially in coastal areas. Groundwater pumping has seen its utmost effect on coastal aquifer systems, where the sea-ward gradient gets disturbed due to anthropogenic influences. Hence, a groundwater flow modelling of an aquifer system is essential for understanding the various hydro-geologic conditions, which can be used to study the responses of the aquifer system with regard to various pumping scenarios. Besides, a model helps to predict the water levels for the future period with respect to changing environment. In this study, a finite element groundwater flow model of a coastal aquifer system at Aakulam, Trivandrum district is developed, calibrated and simulated using the software Finite Element subsurface Flow system (FEFLOW 6.2).This simulated model is then used to predict the groundwater levels for a future 5 year period during pre monsoon and post monsoon season.

Parameters of Transportation of Tailings of Metals Lixiviating

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Golik, Vladimir; Dmitrak, Yury

2017-11-01

The article shows that the change in the situation in the metals market with a steady increase in production volumes is intensified against the tendency of the transition of mining production from underground mining to underground mining for a certain group of ores. The possibility of a non-waste metals extraction from not only standard, but also from substandard raw materials, is currently provided only by technology with the lixiviating of metals from developing ores. The regular dependences of the magnitude of hydraulic resistances on the hydro-mixture velocity and its density are determined. The correct values of the experimental data convergence with the calculated values of these parameters are obtained. It is shown that the optimization of the transportation parameters of lixiviating tailings allows reducing the level of chemically dangerous pollution of the environment by leachate products. The direction of obtaining the ecological and technological effect from the use of simultaneously environmental and resource-saving technology for the extraction of the disclosed metals is indicated.

The economics of optimal urban groundwater management in southwestern USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hansen, Jason K.

2012-08-01

Groundwater serves as the primary water source for approximately 80% of public water systems in the United States, and for many more as a secondary source. Traditionally management relies on groundwater to meet rising demand by increasing supply, but climate uncertainty and population growth require more judicious management to achieve efficiency and sustainability. Over-pumping leads to groundwater overdraft and jeopardizes the ability of future users to depend on the resource. Optimal urban groundwater pumping can play a role in solving this conundrum. This paper investigates to what extent and under what circumstances controlled pumping improves social welfare. It considers management in a hydro-economic framework and finds the optimal pumping path and the optimal price path. These allow for the identification of the social benefit of controlled pumping, and the scarcity rent, which is one tool to sustainably manage groundwater resources. The model is numerically illustrated with a case study from Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA). The Albuquerque results indicate that, in the presence of strong demand growth, controlled pumping improves social welfare by 22%, extends use of the resource, and provides planners with a mechanism to advance the economic sustainability of groundwater.

Study of blasting seismic effects of underground powerhouse of pumped storage project in granite condition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wan, Sheng; Li, Hui

2018-03-01

Though the test of blasting vibration, the blasting seismic wave propagation laws in southern granite pumped storage power project are studied. Attenuation coefficient of seismic wave and factors coefficient are acquired by the method of least squares regression analysis according to Sadaovsky empirical formula, and the empirical formula of seismic wave is obtained. This paper mainly discusses on the test of blasting vibration and the procedure of calculation. Our practice might as well serve as a reference for similar projects to come.

Spatiotemporal variation of radon and carbon dioxide concentrations in an underground quarry: coupled processes of natural ventilation, barometric pumping and internal mixing.

PubMed

Perrier, Frédéric; Richon, Patrick

2010-04-01

Radon-222 and carbon dioxide concentrations have been measured during several years at several points in the atmosphere of an underground limestone quarry located at a depth of 18 m in Vincennes, near Paris, France. Both concentrations showed a seasonal cycle. Radon concentration varied from 1200 to 2000 Bq m(-3) in summer to about 800-1400 Bq m(-3) in winter, indicating winter ventilation rates varying from 0.6 to 2.5 x 10(-6) s(-1). Carbon dioxide concentration varied from 0.9 to 1.0% in summer, to about 0.1-0.3% in winter. Radon concentration can be corrected for natural ventilation using temperature measurements. The obtained model also accounts for the measured seasonal variation of carbon dioxide. After correction, radon concentrations still exhibit significant temporal variation, mostly associated with the variation of atmospheric pressure, with coupling coefficients varying from -7 to -26 Bq m(-3) hPa(-1). This variation can be accounted for using a barometric pumping model, coupled with natural ventilation in winter, and including internal mixing as well. After correction, radon concentrations exhibit residual temporal variation, poorly correlated between different points, with standard deviations varying from 3 to 6%. This study shows that temporal variation of radon concentrations in underground cavities can be understood to a satisfactory level of detail using non-linear and time-dependent modelling. It is important to understand the temporal variation of radon concentrations and the limitations in their modelling to monitor the properties of natural or artificial underground settings, and to be able to assess the existence of new processes, for example associated with the preparatory phases of volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 445.1 - General applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

..., waste piles, salt dome formations, salt bed formations, underground mines or caves as these terms are... ground water or wastewater from recovery pumping wells. (e) This part does not apply to discharges of... Treatment (CWT) facilities subject to 40 CFR part 437 so long as the CWT facility commingles the landfill...

Real options valuation and optimization of energy assets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thompson, Matthew

In this thesis we present algorithms for the valuation and optimal operation of natural gas storage facilities, hydro-electric power plants and thermal power generators in competitive markets. Real options theory is used to derive nonlinear partial-integro-differential equations (PIDEs) for the valuation and optimal operating strategies of all types of facilities. The equations are designed to incorporate a wide class of spot price models that can exhibit the same time-dependent, mean-reverting dynamics and price spikes as those observed in most energy markets. Particular attention is paid to the operational characteristics of real energy assets. For natural gas storage facilities these characteristics include: working gas capacities, variable deliverability and injection rates and cycling limitations. For thermal power plants relevant operational characteristics include variable start-up times and costs, control response time lags, minimum generating levels, nonlinear output functions, structural limitations on ramp rates, and minimum up/down time restrictions. For hydro-electric units, head effects and environmental constraints are addressed. We illustrate the models with numerical examples of a gas storage facility, a hydro-electric pump storage facility and a thermal power plant. This PIDE framework is the first in the literature to achieve second order accuracy in characterizing the operating states of hydro-electric and hydro-thermal power plants. The continuous state space representation derived in this thesis can therefore achieve far greater realism in terms of operating state specification than any other method in the literature to date. This thesis is also the first and only to allow for any continuous time jump diffusion processes in order to account for price spikes.

JPRS Report, Soviet Union, Foreign Military Review, No. 8, August 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-28

Hinkley Point (1.5 million) and Hartlepool (1.3 million). In recent years the country has begun building large hydro- electric pumped storage power ...antenna 6. Interface equipment 7. Data transmission line terminal 8. Computer 9. Power supply plant control station 10. Radio-relay station terminals... stations and data transmission line, interface equipment, and power distribution unit (Fig. 3). The parallel computer, which performs operations on

Survey of existing underground openings for in-situ experimental facilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wollenberg, H.; Graf, A.; Strisower, B.

1981-07-01

In an earlier project, a literature search identified 60 underground openings in crystalline rock capable of providing access for an in-situ experimental facility to develop geochemical and hydrological techniques for evaluating sites for radioactive waste isolation. As part of the current project, discussions with state geologists, owners, and operators narrowed the original group to 14. Three additional sites in volcanic rock and one site in granite were also identified. Site visits and application of technical criteria, including the geologic and hydrologic settings and depth, extent of the rock unit, condition, and accessibility of underground workings, determined four primary candidate sites:more » the Helms Pumped Storage Project in grandiodorite of the Sierra Nevada, California; the Tungsten Queen Mine in Precambrian granodiorite of the North Carolina Piedmont; the Mount Hope Mine in Precambrian granite and gneiss of northern New Jersey; and the Minnamax Project in the Duluth gabbro complex of northern Minnesota.« less

Cleanup of a jet fuel spill

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fesko, Steve

1996-11-01

Eaton operates a corporate aircraft hanger facility in Battle Creek, Michigan. Tests showed that two underground storage tanks leaked. Investigation confirmed this release discharged several hundred gallons of Jet A kerosene into the soil and groundwater. The oil moved downward approximately 30 feet and spread laterally onto the water table. Test results showed kerosene in the adsorbed, free and dissolved states. Eaton researched and investigated three clean-up options. They included pump and treat, dig and haul and bioremediation. Jet fuel is composed of readily biodegradable hydrocarbon chains. This fact coupled with the depth to groundwater and geologic setting made bioremediation the low cost and most effective alternative. A recovery well was installed at the leading edge of the dissolved contamination. A pump moved water from this well into a nutrient addition system. Nutrients added included nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. Additionally, air was sparged into the water. The water was discharged into an infiltration gallery installed when the underground storage tanks were removed. Water circulated between the pump and the infiltration basin in a closed loop fashion. This oxygenated, nutrient rich water actively and aggressively treated the soils between the bottom of the gallery and the top of the groundwater and the groundwater. The system began operating in August of 1993 and reduced jet fuel to below detection levels. In August of 1995 The State of Michigan issued a clean closure declaration to the site.

Corrosion in a STP Sump. (Subtitle: What Causes It and What Can Be Done About It?)

EPA Science Inventory

State regulators have noticed extensive corrosion in the sumps for the submersible turbine pump (STP) of an underground storage tanks storing gasoline and E85. Acetic acid produced by biodegradation of ethanol that found its way into the sump is one plausible explanation. Resea...

Hydrologic analysis of the U.S. Bureau of Mines' underground oil-shale research-facility site, Piceance Creek Basin, Rio Blanco County, Colorado

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dale, R.H.; Weeks, John B.

1978-01-01

The U.S. Bureau of Mines plans to develop an underground oil-shale research facility near the center of Piceance Creek basin in Colorado. The oil-shale zone, which is to be penetrated by a shaft, is overlain by 1,400 feet of sedimentary rocks, primarily sandstone and marlstone, consisting of two aquifers separated by a confining layer. Three test holes were drilled by the U.S. Bureau of Mines to obtain samples of the oil shale, and to test the hydraulic properties of the two aquifers. The data collected during construction of the test holes were used to update an existing ground-water-flow computer model. The model was used to estimate the maximum amount of water that would have to be pumped to dewater the shaft during its construction. It is estimated that it would be necessary to pump as much as 3,080 gallons per minute to keep the shaft dry. Disposal of waste water and rock are the principal hydrologic problems associated with constructing the shaft. (Woodard-USGS)

Geophysical observations at cavity collapse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jousset, Philippe; Bazargan-Sabet, Behrooz; Lebert, François; Bernardie, Séverine; Gourry, Jean-Christophe

2010-05-01

In Lorraine region (France) salt layers at about 200 meters depth are exploited by Solvay using solution mining methodology which consists in extracting the salt by dissolution, collapsing the cavern overburden during the exploitation phase and finally reclaiming the landscape by creating a water area. In this process, one of the main challenges for the exploiting company is to control the initial 120-m diameter collapse so as to minimize possible damages. In order to detect potential precursors and understand processes associated with such collapses, a wide series of monitoring techniques including micro seismics, broad-band seismology, hydro-acoustic, electromagnetism, gas probing, automatic leveling, continuous GPS, continuous gravity and borehole extensometry was set-up in the frame of an in-situ study carried out by the "Research Group for the Impact and Safety of Underground Works" (GISOS, France). Equipments were set-up well before the final collapse, giving a unique opportunity to analyze a great deal of information prior to and during the collapse process which has been successfully achieved on February the 13th, 2009 by controlling the cavity internal pressure. In this work, we present the results of data recorded by a network of 3 broadband seismometers, 2 accelerometers, 2 tilt-meters and a continuously gravity meter. We relate the variations of the brine pumping rate with the evolutions of the induced geophysical signals and finally we propose a first mechanical model for describing the controlled collapse. Beyond the studied case, extrapolation of the results obtained might contribute to the understanding of uncontrolled cavity collapses, such as pit-craters or calderas at volcanoes.

On the Profitability of Variable Speed Pump-Storage-Power in Frequency Restoration Reserve

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filipe, Jorge; Bessa, Ricardo; Moreira, Carlos; Silva, Bernardo

2017-04-01

The increase penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the European power system has introduced a significant amount of variability and uncertainty in the generation profiles raising the needs for ancillary services as well as other tools like demand response, improved generation forecasting techniques and changes to the market design. While RES is able to replace energy produced by the traditional centralized generation, it cannot displace its capacity in terms of ancillary services provided. Therefore, centralized generation capacity must be retained to perform this function leading to over-capacity issues and underutilisation of the assets. Large-scale reversible hydro power plants represent the majority of the storage solution installed in the power system. This technology comes with high investments costs, hence the constant search for methods to increase and diversify the sources of revenue. Traditional fixed speed pump storage units typically operate in the day-ahead market to perform price arbitrage and, in some specific cases, provide downward replacement reserve (RR). Variable speed pump storage can not only participate in RR but also contribute to FRR, given their ability to control its operating point in pumping mode. This work does an extended analysis of a complete bidding strategy for Pumped Storage Power, enhancing the economic advantages of variable speed pump units in comparison with fixed ones.

Stationary and transient thermal states of barometric pumping in the access pit of an underground quarry.

PubMed

Perrier, Frédéric; Le Mouël, Jean-Louis

2016-04-15

The transition zone between free and underground atmospheres hosts spectacular phenomena, as demonstrated by temperature measurements performed in the 4.6m diameter and 20m deep vertical access pit of an abandoned underground quarry located in Vincennes, near Paris. In summer, a stable stratification of the atmosphere is maintained, with coherent temperature variations associated with atmospheric pressure changes, with a barometric tide S2 larger than 0.1°C peak to peak. When the winter regime of turbulent cold air avalanches is initiated, stratification with pressure induced signals can be restored transiently in the upper part of the pit, while the lower part remains fully mixed and insensitive to pressure variations. The amplitude of the pressure to temperature transfer function increases with frequency below 5×10(-4)Hz, with values at 3×10(-5)Hz varying from 0.1°C·hPa(-1) at the bottom up to 2°C·hPa(-1) towards the top of the pit. These temperature variations are accounted for by cave breathing, which is pressure induced motion of air amplified by the large volume of the quarry. This understanding is supported by a numerical model including advective heat transport, heat diffusion, and heat exchange with the pit walls. Mean lifetime in the pit is of the order of 9 to 13h, and barometric pumping results in an effective ventilation rate of the quarry of the order of 10(-7)s(-1). This study illustrates the important role of barometric pumping in heat and matter transport between atmosphere and lithosphere. The resulting stationary and transient states, revealed in this pit, are probably a general feature of functioning interface systems, and therefore are an important aspect to consider in problems of contaminant transport, or the preservation of precious heritage such as rare ecosystems or painted caves. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cavitation-based hydro-fracturing simulator

DOEpatents

Wang, Jy-An John; Wang, Hong; Ren, Fei; Cox, Thomas S.

2016-11-22

An apparatus 300 for simulating a pulsed pressure induced cavitation technique (PPCT) from a pressurized working fluid (F) provides laboratory research and development for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), oil, and gas wells. A pump 304 is configured to deliver a pressurized working fluid (F) to a control valve 306, which produces a pulsed pressure wave in a test chamber 308. The pulsed pressure wave parameters are defined by the pump 304 pressure and control valve 306 cycle rate. When a working fluid (F) and a rock specimen 312 are included in the apparatus, the pulsed pressure wave causes cavitation to occur at the surface of the specimen 312, thus initiating an extensive network of fracturing surfaces and micro fissures, which are examined by researchers.

Addressing Hydro-economic Modeling Limitations - A Limited Foresight Sacramento Valley Model and an Open-source Modeling Platform

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harou, J. J.; Hansen, K. M.

2008-12-01

Increased scarcity of world water resources is inevitable given the limited supply and increased human pressures. The idea that "some scarcity is optimal" must be accepted for rational resource use and infrastructure management decisions to be made. Hydro-economic systems models are unique at representing the overlap of economic drivers, socio-political forces and distributed water resource systems. They demonstrate the tangible benefits of cooperation and integrated flexible system management. Further improvement of models, quality control practices and software will be needed for these academic policy tools to become accepted into mainstream water resource practice. Promising features include: calibration methods, limited foresight optimization formulations, linked simulation-optimization approaches (e.g. embedding pre-existing calibrated simulation models), spatial groundwater models, stream-aquifer interactions and stream routing, etc.. Conventional user-friendly decision support systems helped spread simulation models on a massive scale. Hydro-economic models must also find a means to facilitate construction, distribution and use. Some of these issues and model features are illustrated with a hydro-economic optimization model of the Sacramento Valley. Carry-over storage value functions are used to limit hydrologic foresight of the multi- period optimization model. Pumping costs are included in the formulation by tracking regional piezometric head of groundwater sub-basins. To help build and maintain this type of network model, an open-source water management modeling software platform is described and initial project work is discussed. The objective is to generically facilitate the connection of models, such as those developed in a modeling environment (GAMS, MatLab, Octave, "), to a geographic user interface (drag and drop node-link network) and a database (topology, parameters and time series). These features aim to incrementally move hydro- economic models in the direction of more practical implementation.

Hydro-mechanically coupled finite-element analysis of the stability of a fractured-rock slope using the equivalent continuum approach: a case study of planned reservoir banks in Blaubeuren, Germany

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Jie; Dong, Mei; Koltuk, Serdar; Hu, Hui; Zhang, Luqing; Azzam, Rafig

2018-05-01

Construction works associated with the building of reservoirs in mountain areas can damage the stability of adjacent valley slopes. Seepage processes caused by the filling and drawdown operations of reservoirs also affect the stability of the reservoir banks over time. The presented study investigates the stability of a fractured-rock slope subjected to seepage forces in the lower basin of a planned pumped-storage hydropower (PSH) plant in Blaubeuren, Germany. The investigation uses a hydro-mechanically coupled finite-element analyses. For this purpose, an equivalent continuum model is developed by using a representative elementary volume (REV) approach. To determine the minimum required REV size, a large number of discrete fracture networks are generated using Monte Carlo simulations. These analyses give a REV size of 28 × 28 m, which is sufficient to represent the equivalent hydraulic and mechanical properties of the investigated fractured-rock mass. The hydro-mechanically coupled analyses performed using this REV size show that the reservoir operations in the examined PSH plant have negligible effect on the adjacent valley slope.

HydroCube: an entity-relationship hydrogeological data model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wojda, Piotr; Brouyère, Serge; Derouane, Johan; Dassargues, Alain

2010-12-01

Managing, handling and accessing hydrogeological information depends heavily on the applied hydrogeological data models, which differ between institutions and countries. The effective dissemination of hydrogeological information requires the convergence of such models to make hydrogeological information accessible to multiple users such as universities, water suppliers, and administration and research organisations. Furthermore, because hydrogeological studies are complex, they require a wide variety of high-quality hydrogeological data with appropriate metadata in clearly designed and coherent structures. A need exists, therefore, to develop and implement hydrogeological data models that cover, as much as possible, the full hydrogeological domain. A new data model, called HydroCube, was developed for the Walloon Region in Belgium in 2005. The HydroCube model presents an innovative holistic project-based approach which covers a full set of hydrogeological concepts and features, allowing for effective hydrogeological project management. The model stores data relating to the project locality, hydrogeological equipment, and related observations and measurements. In particular, it focuses on specialized hydrogeological field experiments such as pumping and tracer tests. This logical data model uses entity-relationship diagrams and it has been implemented in the Microsoft Access environment. It has been enriched with a fully functional user interface.

The effect of coal-bed methane water on spearmint and peppermint

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Coal bed methane (CBM) is extracted from underground coal seams, flooded with water. In order to reduce the pressure and release the methane, the trapped water needs to be pumped out. The resulting ‘waste water’ is known as coal-bed methane water (CBMW). Major concerns with the use of CBMW are the h...

Mineral resource of the month: sulfur

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2010-01-01

The article presents information on sulfur. Sulfur is said to be among the few solid elements found in elemental form in nature and has industrial uses. Changes in the sulfur production process over the years are discussed as well as the mining process developed by German engineer Herman Frasch that involves melting the sulfur underground and pumping it to the surface.

Settlements around pumping wells: Analysis of influential factors and a simple calculation procedure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pujades, Estanislao; De Simone, Silvia; Carrera, Jesus; Vázquez-Suñé, Enric; Jurado, Anna

2017-05-01

Estimated and measured settlements caused by pumping rarely agree. Several reasons could explain this mismatch, including the influence of layering, the mechanical parameters used in the predictions, or the relationship between settlements and drawdown. We analyze the influence of the above issues by investigating the mechanical response of pumped elastic porous media under different conditions. A radially symmetric conceptual model is considered and several hydro-mechanical simulations are performed varying the boundary conditions, the size of the modeled domain and the presence or not of an overlying layer. The simplicity of the considered problem allows us to compare our results with existing analytical solutions, to identify the role of each variable on pumping settlements and to generalize the results. The most relevant results are as follows: (1) settlements are proportional to drawdown only outside a circle of radius equal to 0.7 times the thickness of the pumped porous medium; inside, they are virtually constant, which leads to two simple procedures for computing pumping settlements. (2) Poorly conductive layers located above (or below) a pumped porous medium (with higher hydraulic conductivity) reduce and smooth settlements. (3) Boundary constraints affect the local specific storage coefficient and the displacements occurred. (4) The specific storage coefficient evaluated by interpreting pumping tests with the Cooper and Jacob method (1946) leads to overestimation of the actual Young's Modulus of the soil. The main conclusion is that settlements are less differential than expected near pumping wells. Still, they must always be evaluated acknowledging the nature of layering, the boundary constraints and carefully selecting the mechanical parameters of the soil.

General Electric Company Hanford Works, Project C-431-A Production Facility-Section A, design report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Colburn, R.T.

1951-03-29

The 100-C project is to be located adjacent to the present 100-B Area. It is planned to build an addition to the present 181-B river pump house using the same elevations for pump settings, intakes, and floors as for the present pump house, thus maintaining the same suction conditions and flood protection as B Area. The 105 Building will be located on higher ground than B Area and therefore, protection against possible flood damage is assured. This report is divided into the following sections: (1) general description of project; (2) addition to existing river pump house; (3) raw water linesmore » from 181-B addition to 183-C lead house; (4) the 183-C filter plant; (5) 190-C process pump house; (6) power house addition; (7) high tanks; (8) retention basins; (9) outside streamlines; (10) primary substation; (11) outside underground lines; (12) outside electric lines; (13) roads, railroads, walks, fences; (14) structural design of all buildings; and (15) architectural design of all buildings.« less

Search for underground openings for in situ test facilities in crystalline rock

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wollenberg, H.A.; Strisower, B.; Corrigan, D.J.

1980-01-01

With a few exceptions, crystalline rocks in this study were limited to plutonic rocks and medium to high-grade metamorphic rocks. Nearly 1700 underground mines, possibly occurring in crystalline rock, were initially identified. Application of criteria resulted in the identification of 60 potential sites. Within this number, 26 mines and 4 civil works were identified as having potential in that they fulfilled the criteria. Thirty other mines may have similar potential. Most of the mines identified are near the contact between a pluton and older sedimentary, volcanic and metamorphic rocks. However, some mines and the civil works are well within plutonicmore » or metamorphic rock masses. Civil works, notably underground galleries associated with pumped storage hydroelectric facilities, are generally located in tectonically stable regions, in relatively homogeneous crystalline rock bodies. A program is recommended which would identify one or more sites where a concordance exists between geologic setting, company amenability, accessibility and facilities to conduct in situ tests in crystalline rock.« less

Hydro-economic analysis of groundwater pumping for irrigated agriculture in California's Central Valley, USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Medellín-Azuara, Josué; MacEwan, Duncan; Howitt, Richard E.; Koruakos, George; Dogrul, Emin C.; Brush, Charles F.; Kadir, Tariq N.; Harter, Thomas; Melton, Forrest; Lund, Jay R.

2015-09-01

As in many places, groundwater in California (USA) is the major alternative water source for agriculture during drought, so groundwater's availability will drive some inevitable changes in the state's water management. Currently, agricultural, environmental, and urban uses compete for groundwater, resulting in substantial overdraft in dry years with lowering of water tables, which in turn increases pumping costs and reduces groundwater pumping capacity. In this study, SWAP (an economic model of agricultural production and water use in California) and C2VISim (the California Department of Water Resources groundwater model for California's Central Valley) are connected. This paper examines the economic costs of pumping replacement groundwater during drought and the potential loss of pumping capacity as groundwater levels drop. A scenario of three additional drought years continuing from 2014 show lower water tables in California's Central Valley and loss of pumping capacity. Places without access to groundwater and with uncertain surface-water deliveries during drought are the most economically vulnerable in terms of crop revenues, employment and household income. This is particularly true for Tulare Lake Basin, which relies heavily on water imported from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Remote-sensing estimates of idle agricultural land between 2012 and 2014 confirm this finding. Results also point to the potential of a portfolio approach for agriculture, in which crop mixing and conservation practices have substantial roles.

Subsidence and Rebound in California's Central Valley: Effects of Pumping, Geology, and Precipitation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Farr, T. G.; Fairbanks, A.

2017-12-01

Recent rains in California caused a pause, and even a reversal in some areas, of the subsidence that has plagued the Central Valley for decades. The 3 main drivers of surface deformation in the Central Valley are: Subsurface hydro-geology, precipitation and surface water deliveries, and groundwater pumping. While the geology is relatively fixed in time, water inputs and outputs vary greatly both in time and space. And while subsurface geology and water inputs are reasonably well-known, information about groundwater pumping amounts and rates is virtually non-existent in California. We have derived regional maps of surface deformation in the region for the period 2006 - present which allow reconstruction of seasonal and long-term changes. In order to understand the spatial and temporal patterns of subsidence and rebound in the Central Valley, we have been compiling information on the geology and water inputs and have attempted to infer pumping rates using maps of fallowed fields and published pumping information derived from hydrological models. In addition, the spatial and temporal patterns of hydraulic head as measured in wells across the region allow us to infer the spatial and temporal patterns of groundwater pumping and recharge more directly. A better understanding of how different areas (overlying different stratigraphy) of the Central Valley respond to water inputs and outputs will allow a predictive capability, potentially defining sustainable pumping rates related to water inputs. * work performed under contract to NASA and the CA Dept. of Water Resources

Automated information and control complex of hydro-gas endogenous mine processes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davkaev, K. S.; Lyakhovets, M. V.; Gulevich, T. M.; Zolin, K. A.

2017-09-01

The automated information and control complex designed to prevent accidents, related to aerological situation in the underground workings, accounting of the received and handed over individual devices, transmission and display of measurement data, and the formation of preemptive solutions is considered. Examples for the automated workplace of an airgas control operator by individual means are given. The statistical characteristics of field data characterizing the aerological situation in the mine are obtained. The conducted studies of statistical characteristics confirm the feasibility of creating a subsystem of controlled gas distribution with an adaptive arrangement of points for gas control. The adaptive (multivariant) algorithm for processing measuring information of continuous multidimensional quantities and influencing factors has been developed.

Where Did the Water Go?: Boyle's Law and Pressurized Diaphragm Water Tanks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brimhall, James; Naga, Sundar

2007-01-01

Many homes use pressurized diaphragm tanks for storage of water pumped from an underground well. These tanks are very carefully constructed to have separate internal chambers for the storage of water and for the air that provides the pressure. One might expect that the amount of water available for use from, for example, a 50-gallon tank would be…

Hydro-mechanical properties of the Red Salt Clay (T4) - Relevancy of the minimum stress criterion for barrier integrity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Minkley, W.; Popp, T.; Salzer, K.; Gruner, M.; Böttge, V.

The so-called Red Salt Clay (T4) is deposited as clay-rich clastic sediment at the base of the Aller-series forming a persistent lateral layer of up to 20 m thickness above the lower Zechstein-series. The clay layers may act as a protective shield in the hanging wall of gas storages or underground repositories in salt formations, thus resulting in a multi-barrier system. As a proof of its reliability comprehensive hydro-mechanical investigations were performed on clay samples recovered at different sites in Germany. Most important, rock tightness against various fluids was confirmed in the lab and field-scale. Remarkably, only if the fluid pressure equalises the acting minimal stress (i.e. violence of the “minimum stress criterion”) a significant increase of permeability is observed (“pathway dilatation”) but no macro-frac. However, the material properties from different locations showed a significant variability according to different burial depths. Thus the Red Salt Clay may act as natural analogue, representing the material variability of various indurated clays. In addition, the existing knowledge gained from practical mining activities can be used to evaluate extreme in situ loading conditions.

Contribution of lateral terrestrial water flows to the regional hydrological cycle: A joint soil-atmospheric moisture tagging procedure with WRF-Hydro

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arnault, Joel; Wei, Jianhui; Zhang, Zhenyu; Wagner, Sven; Kunstmann, Harald

2017-04-01

Water resources management requires an accurate knowledge of the behavior of the regional hydrological cycle components, including precipitation, evapotranspiration, river discharge and soil water storage. Atmospheric models such as the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model provide a tool to evaluate these components. The main drawback of these atmospheric models, however, is that the terrestrial segment of the hydrological cycle is reduced to vertical infiltration, and that lateral terrestrial water flows are neglected. Recent model developments have focused on coupled atmospheric-hydrological modeling systems, such as WRF-hydro, in order to take into account subsurface, overland and river flow. The aim of this study is to investigate the contribution of lateral terrestrial water flows to the regional hydrological cycle, with the help of a joint soil-atmospheric moisture tagging procedure. This procedure is the extended version of an existing atmospheric moisture tagging method developed in WRF and WRF-Hydro (Arnault et al. 2017). It is used to quantify the partitioning of precipitation into water stored in the soil, runoff, evapotranspiration, and potentially subsequent precipitation through regional recycling. An application to a high precipitation event on 23 June 2009 in the upper Danube river basin, Germany and Austria, is presented. Precipitating water during this day is tagged for the period 2009-2011. Its contribution to runoff and evapotranspiration decreases with time, but is still not negligible in the summer 2011. At the end of the study period, less than 5 % of the precipitating water on 23 June 2009 remains in the soil. The additionally resolved lateral terrestrial water flows in WRF-Hydro modify the partitioning between surface and underground runoff, in association with a slight increase of evapotranspiration and recycled precipitation. Reference: Arnault, J., R. Knoche, J. Wei, and H. Kunstmann (2016), Evaporation tagging and atmospheric water budget analysis with WRF: A regional precipitation recycling study for West Africa, Water Resour. Res., 52, 1544-1567, doi:10.1002/2015WR017704.

Efficiency evaluation of agricultural underground dam in South Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Myoung, W.; Song, S. H.; Yong, H. H.

2017-12-01

Climate change has resulted in severe droughts in a rice-planting season (i.e., April to June) in South Korea since 2012. Therefore, all time high-amount water resources in rice-farming seasons (i.e., April to October) were required against natural crises like droughts. The underground dam, which is able to increase groundwater amounts in the alluvium aquifer, has been considered to be an alternative for securing more groundwater resources. In this study, irrigation efficiencies of five pre-existing agricultural underground dams in South Korea were evaluated during the drought periods. A total amount of groundwater storage capacities in alluvial aquifers of these five ones were estimated approximate 15 × 107 m3: above 4 × 106 m3 for two underground dams (Ian, Namsong), 2 3 × 106 m3, for 2 dams (Oksung, Wooil), below 2 × 106 m3 for 1 dam (Gocheon), respectively. Irrigating amounts of groundwater accounted for three underground dams (Ian, Namsong, Gocheon), supplied in rice-farming season are 8.5 × 105 m3/year, 8.3 × 105 m3/year, 6.3 × 105 m3/year, respectively. The total demand of agricultural water in these underground dams is 2.0 × 106 m3/year, 1.9 × 106 m3/year, 2.2 × 106 m3/year, respectively. Irrigating amounts of groundwater accounted for whole of rice-farming area in South Korea is 4.3 × 108 m3/year whereas total demand of agricultural water is 9.4 × 109 m3/year. Groundwater were pumped from the radial collector wells located in the upstream from the underground dams. Oksung underground dam, one representative underground dam located in Chungnam province in South Korea, irrigated approximate 3 × 105 m3 during a dried rice-planting season (between April to June) in 2017. It was three times more than usual (9 × 104 m3). Groundwater levels during the same period maintained above 5.55 m, which was slightly lower than usual (6.00 m). Results of Oksung underground dam demonstrated that underground dams in South Korea were effectively operated against drought. Recently, Korea Rural Community Corporation, a governmental institute of South Korea, plans to construct more underground dams against drought.

Trickle water and feeding system in plant culture and light-dark cycle effects on plant growth

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Takano, T.; Inada, K.; Takanashi, J.

1987-01-01

Rockwool, as an inert medium covered or bagged with polyethylene film, can be effectively used for plant culture in space stations. The most important machine is the pump adjusting the dripping rate in the feeding system. Hydro-aeroponics may be adaptable to a space laboratory. The shortening of the light-dark cycles inhibits plant growth and induces an abnormal morphogenesis. A photoperiod of 12 hr dark may be needed for plant growth.

Groundwater-pumping optimization for land-subsidence control in Beijing plain, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qin, Huanhuan; Andrews, Charles B.; Tian, Fang; Cao, Guoliang; Luo, Yong; Liu, Jiurong; Zheng, Chunmiao

2018-01-01

Beijing, in the North China plain, is one of the few megacities that uses groundwater as its main source of water supply. Groundwater accounts for about two-thirds of the city's water supply, and during the past 50 years the storage depletion from the unconsolidated aquifers underlying the city has been >10.4 billion m3. By 2010, groundwater pumping in the city had resulted in a cumulative subsidence of greater than 100 mm in an area of about 3,900 km2, with a maximum cumulative subsidence of >1,200 mm. This subsidence has caused significant social and economic losses in Beijing, including significant damage to underground utilities. This study was undertaken to evaluate various future pumping scenarios to assist in selecting an optimal pumping scenario to minimize overall subsidence, meet the requirements of the Beijing Land Subsidence Prevention Plan (BLSPP 2013-2020), and be consistent with continued sustainable economic development. A numerical groundwater and land-subsidence model was developed for the aquifer system of the Beijing plain to evaluate land subsidence rates under the possible future pumping scenarios. The optimal pumping scenario consistent with the evaluation constraints is a reduction in groundwater pumping from three major pumping centers by 100, 50 and 20%, respectively, while maintaining an annual pumping rate of 1.9 billion m3. This scenario's land-subsidence rates satisfy the BLSPP 2013-2020 and the pumping scenario is consistent with continued economic development. It is recommended that this pumping scenario be adopted for future land-subsidence management in Beijing.

Groundwater-pumping optimization for land-subsidence control in Beijing plain, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qin, Huanhuan; Andrews, Charles B.; Tian, Fang; Cao, Guoliang; Luo, Yong; Liu, Jiurong; Zheng, Chunmiao

2018-06-01

Beijing, in the North China plain, is one of the few megacities that uses groundwater as its main source of water supply. Groundwater accounts for about two-thirds of the city's water supply, and during the past 50 years the storage depletion from the unconsolidated aquifers underlying the city has been >10.4 billion m3. By 2010, groundwater pumping in the city had resulted in a cumulative subsidence of greater than 100 mm in an area of about 3,900 km2, with a maximum cumulative subsidence of >1,200 mm. This subsidence has caused significant social and economic losses in Beijing, including significant damage to underground utilities. This study was undertaken to evaluate various future pumping scenarios to assist in selecting an optimal pumping scenario to minimize overall subsidence, meet the requirements of the Beijing Land Subsidence Prevention Plan (BLSPP 2013-2020), and be consistent with continued sustainable economic development. A numerical groundwater and land-subsidence model was developed for the aquifer system of the Beijing plain to evaluate land subsidence rates under the possible future pumping scenarios. The optimal pumping scenario consistent with the evaluation constraints is a reduction in groundwater pumping from three major pumping centers by 100, 50 and 20%, respectively, while maintaining an annual pumping rate of 1.9 billion m3. This scenario's land-subsidence rates satisfy the BLSPP 2013-2020 and the pumping scenario is consistent with continued economic development. It is recommended that this pumping scenario be adopted for future land-subsidence management in Beijing.

76 FR 24018 - Storage Development Partners, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-29

... reservoir; (5) an underground powerhouse with approximate dimensions of 250-feet-long by 75-feet-wide by 100... project would be a pumped storage project and consist of the following: (1) A new 30-foot-high earthen dam with a crest length of 3,881 feet; (2) an upper reservoir having a total storage capacity of 5,399 acre...

76 FR 24017 - Storage Development Partners, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-29

... reservoir; (5) an underground powerhouse with approximate dimensions of 250-feet-long by 75-feet-wide by 100... project would be a pumped storage project and consist of the following: (1) A new 30-foot-high earthen dam with a crest length of 3,359 feet; (2) an upper reservoir having a total storage capacity of 4,831 acre...

Hydrogeological conceptual model determined from baseline and construction phase groundwater pressure and surface tilt-meter data at the Mizunami underground research laboratory, Japan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Takeuchi, Shinji; Takeuchi, Ryuji; Salden, Walter

2007-07-01

A hydrogeological conceptual model has been developed based on pressure responses observed at multilevel pressure monitoring zones in seven boreholes and surface tilt data in and around the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory site. Pressure changes caused by some earthquakes, cross-hole hydraulic testing, and shaft excavation activities are considered. Surface tilt has been measured from the half way of the shaft excavation phase. The shaft excavation has been commenced from July 2003 with two shafts (Main shaft and Ventilation shaft). By the end of October 2005, discharging of water in the shafts has been halted at the depths of 172 mmore » and 191 m respectively to allow modifications to be made to the water treatment facility due to an excess of F and B concentration in the water. This results in the recovery of the groundwater levels and filling of the underground workings. Beginning in February 2006 pumping has been resumed and the underground workings have been re-occupied. Continuous groundwater pressure and surface tilt measurements with some numerical analysis during the shaft excavation phase show the existence of the flow barrier fault predicted from the surface-based investigation phase and hydraulic parameter around the shafts. (authors)« less

FOREWORD: 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Yulin; Wang, Zhengwei; Liu, Shuhong; Yuan, Shouqi; Luo, Xingqi; Wang, Fujun

2012-11-01

The 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, will be held in Beijing, China, 19-23 August 2012. It is jointly organized by Tsinghua University, State Key Laboratory of Hydro Science and Hydraulic Engineering, China, Jiangsu University, Xi'an University of Technology, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center of Hydropower Equipment and Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. It is the second time that China hosts such a symposium. By the end of 2011, the China electrical power system had a total of 1 050 GW installed power, out of which 220 GW was in hydropower plants. The energy produced in hydropower facilities was 662.6 TWh from a total of 4,720 TWh electrical energy production in 2011. Moreover, in 2020, new hydropower capacities are going to be developed, with a total of 180 GW installed power and an estimated 708 TWh/year energy production. And in 2011, the installed power of pumped storage stations was about 25GW. In 2020, the data will be 70GW. At the same time, the number of pumps used in China is increasing rapidly. China produces about 29,000,000 pumps with more than 220 series per year. By the end of 2011, the Chinese pumping system has a total of 950 GW installed power. The energy consumed in pumping facilities was 530 TWh in 2011. The pump energy consumption accounted for about 12% of the national electrical energy production. Therefore, there is a large market in the field of hydraulic machinery including water turbines, pump turbines and a variety of pumps in China. There are also many research projects in this field. For example, we have conducted National Key Research Projects on 1000 MW hydraulic turbine, and on the pump turbines with high head, as well as on the large capacity pumps for water supply. Tsinghua University of Beijing is proud to host the 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems. Tsinghua University was established in 1911, after the founding of the People's Republic of China. It was molded into a polytechnic institute focusing on engineering in the nationwide restructuring of universities and colleges undertaken in 1952. At present, the university has 14 schools and 56 departments with faculties in science, engineering, humanities, law, medicine, history, philosophy, economics, management, education and art. The University now has over 25 900 students, including 13 100 undergraduates and 12 800 graduate students. As one of China's most renowned universities, Tsinghua has become an important institution for fostering talents and scientific research. The International Association of Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) particularly promotes the advancement and exchange of knowledge through working groups, specialty symposia, congresses, and publications on water resources, river and coastal hydraulics, risk analysis, energy, environment, disaster prevention, and industrial processes. The IAHR Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems deals with the advancement of technology associated with the understanding of steady and unsteady flow characteristics in hydraulic machinery and conduit systems connected to the machinery. The technology elements include the fluid behaviour within machine components, hydro-elastic behaviour of machine components, cavitation and two phase flow in turbines and pumps, hydraulic machine and plant control systems, the use of hydraulic machines to improve water quality, and even considerations to improve fish survival in their passage through hydro plants. The main emphases of the IAHR Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems are to stimulate research and understanding of the technologies associated with hydraulic machinery and to promote interaction between the machine designers, machine users, the academic community, and the community as a whole. Hydraulic machinery is both cost effective and environmentally friendly. The goals of the IAHR Committee on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems are to improve the value of hydraulic machinery to the end user, to the societies, and to improve societies understanding and appreciation of that value. The series of IAHR Symposia on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation started with the 1st edition in Nice, France, 1960. For the past decade, all the symposia have focused on an extended portfolio of topics under the name of 'Hydraulic Machinery and Systems', such as the 20th edition in Charlotte, USA, 2000, the 21st in Lausanne, Switzerland, 2002, the 22nd in Stockholm, Sweden, 2004, the 23rd in Yokohama, Japan, 2006, the 24th in Foz do Iguassu, Brasil, 2008, and the 25th in Timisoara, Romania, 2010. The 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems brings together more than 250 scientists and researchers from 25 countries, affiliated with universities, technology centers and industrial firms to debate topics related to advanced technologies for hydraulic machinery and systems, which will enhance the sustainable development of water resources and hydropower production. The Scientific Committee has selected 268 papers, out of 430 abstracts submitted, on the following topics: (i) Hydraulic Turbines and Pumps, (ii) Sustainable Hydropower, (iii) Hydraulic Systems, (iv) Advances in Computational and Experimental Techniques, (v) Application in Industries and in Special Conditions, to be presented at the symposium and to be included in the proceedings. All the papers, published in this Volume 15 of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the editors of the 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems proceedings, those are Yulin Wu, Zhengwei Wang, Shuhong Liu, Shouqi Yuan, Xingqi Luo and Fujun Wang. We sincerely hope that this edition of the symposium will be a significant step forward in the worldwide efforts to address the present challenges facing the modern Hydraulic Machinery and Systems. Professor Yulin Wu Chairman of the Organizing Committee 26th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems

Use of Superposition Models to Simulate Possible Depletion of Colorado River Water by Ground-Water Withdrawal

USGS Publications Warehouse

Leake, Stanley A.; Greer, William; Watt, Dennis; Weghorst, Paul

2008-01-01

According to the 'Law of the River', wells that draw water from the Colorado River by underground pumping need an entitlement for the diversion of water from the Colorado River. Consumptive use can occur through direct diversions of surface water, as well as through withdrawal of water from the river by underground pumping. To develop methods for evaluating the need for entitlements for Colorado River water, an assessment of possible depletion of water in the Colorado River by pumping wells is needed. Possible methods include simple analytical models and complex numerical ground-water flow models. For this study, an intermediate approach was taken that uses numerical superposition models with complex horizontal geometry, simple vertical geometry, and constant aquifer properties. The six areas modeled include larger extents of the previously defined river aquifer from the Lake Mead area to the Yuma area. For the modeled areas, a low estimate of transmissivity and an average estimate of transmissivity were derived from statistical analyses of transmissivity data. Aquifer storage coefficient, or specific yield, was selected on the basis of results of a previous study in the Yuma area. The USGS program MODFLOW-2000 (Harbaugh and others, 2000) was used with uniform 0.25-mile grid spacing along rows and columns. Calculations of depletion of river water by wells were made for a time of 100 years since the onset of pumping. A computer program was set up to run the models repeatedly, each time with a well in a different location. Maps were constructed for at least two transmissivity values for each of the modeled areas. The modeling results, based on the selected transmissivities, indicate that low values of depletion in 100 years occur mainly in parts of side valleys that are more than a few tens of miles from the Colorado River.

Marcellus Shale fracking waste caused earthquakes in Ohio

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schultz, Colin

2013-08-01

Before January 2011, Youngstown, Ohio, had never had an earthquake since observations began in 1776. In December 2010 the Northstar 1 injection well came online; this well was built to pump wastewater produced by hydraulic fracturing projects in Pennsylvania into storage deep underground. In the year that followed, seismometers in and around Youngstown recorded 109 earthquakes—the strongest of the set being a magnitude 3.9 earthquake on 31 December 2011.

Making use of renewable energy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnston, J.C.

1984-01-01

This book describes renewable energy projects proposed for the rural areas of developing countries. Topics considered include biogas generation in Zimbabwe, biogas technology for water pumping in Botswana, soil fertility and energy problems in rural development in the Zaire rain forest, international scientific collaboration on biogas technologies for rural development, alcohol from biomass, an ethanol project in Zimbabwe, biomass alcohol and the fuel-food issue, solar water heating in Zimbabwe, absorbent box solar cookers, solar crop drying in Zimbabwe, the use of passive solar energy in Botswana buildings, the potential of mini hydro systems, woodfuel as a potential renewable energy source,more » small-scale afforestation for domestic needs in the communal lands of Zimbabwe, muscle power, the use of human energy in construction, hand-operated water pumps, animal power for water pumping in Botswana, the production of charcoal in Zambia, improving the efficiency of a traditional charcoal-burning Burmese cooking stove, social impacts, non-engineering constraints affecting energy use in a rural area, women and energy, and non-technical factors influencing the establishment of fuels-from-crops industries in developing countries.« less

Implementation plan for underground waste storage tank surveillance and stabilization improvements

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dukelow, G.T.; Maupin, V.D.; Mihalik, L.A.

1989-04-01

Several studies have addressed the need to upgrade the methods currently used for surveillance of underground waste storage tanks, particularly single-shell tanks (SST), which are susceptible to leaks and intrusions. Fifty tasks were proposed to enhance the existing surveillance program; however, prudent budget management dictates that only the tasks with the highest potential for success be selected and funded. This plan identifies fourteen inexpensive improvements that may be implemented in less than two years. Recent developments stress the need to complete interim stabilization of these tanks more quickly than now budgeted and to identify methods to salvage or eliminate themore » interstitial liquid left behind after saltwell jet-pumping. The plan calls for the use of available resources to remove saltwell liquid from SSTs as rapidly as possible rather than committing to new surveillance technologies that might not lead to near-term improvements. This plan describes the selection criteria and provides cost estimates and schedules for implementing the recommendations of the task forces. The proposed improvements result in completion of jet-pumping in FY 1994, two years ahead of the current FY 1996 milestone. While the accelerated plan requires more funding in the early years, the total cost will be the same as completing the work in FY 1996.« less

Hybrid Hydro Renewable Energy Storage Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dey, Asit Kr

2018-01-01

This paper aims at presenting wind & tidal turbine pumped-storage solutions for improving the energy efficiency and economic sustainability of renewable energy systems. Indicated a viable option to solve problems of energy production, as well as in the integration of intermittent renewable energies, providing system flexibility due to energy load’s fluctuation, as long as the storage of energy from intermittent sources. Sea water storage energy is one of the best and most efficient options in terms of renewable resources as an integrated solution allowing the improvement of the energy system elasticity and the global system efficiency.

Fuel Maps for the GEP 6.5LT Engine When Operating on at J/JP-8 Fuel Blends at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

system. The new calibrated fuel injection pump and injectors were installed, and the fuel injection timing of the new fuel injection system was set to...Product 6.5L Turbocharged diesel engine at two inlet temperature conditions. The GEP 6.5LT engine represents legacy diesel engine design with...derived cetane number DF-2 Diesel Fuel number 2 ft Foot HEFA Hydro-treated Esters and Fatty Acid(s) HP or hp Horsepower hr Hour in Inch in³ cubic

Pressure retarded osmosis as a controlling system for traditional renewables

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carravetta, Armando; Fecarotta, Oreste; La Rocca, Michele; Martino, Riccardo

2015-04-01

Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a viable but still not diffused form of renewable energy (see Maisonneuve et al., 2015 for a recent literature review). In PRO, water from a low salinity feed solution permeates through a membrane into a pressurized, high salinity draw solution, giving rise to a positive pressure drop; then energy is obtained by depressurizing the permeate through a hydro-turbine and brackish water is discharged. Many technological, environmental and economical aspects are obstacles in the diffusion of PRO, like the vulnerability of the membranes to fouling, the impact of the brackish water on the local marine environment, the high cost of membranes, etc. We are interested in the use of PRO as a combined form of energy with other renewable energy source like solar, wind or mini hydro in water supply networks (WSN). For the wide diffusion of renewables one of the major concerns of commercial power companies is to obtain very stable form of energy to comply with prescriptions of electricity grid operators and with the instant energy demand curve. Renewables are generally very variable form of energy, for the influence of climatic conditions on available power, and of the fluctuation in water demand in WSN. PRO is a very flexible technology where with appropriate turbines and control system power can be varied continuously to compensate for variation of other source of energy. Therefore, PRO is suitable to be used as a balancing system for commercial power system. We will present a simulation of the performance of a PRO used in combination with three different renewables. In the first two scenarios PRO compensate the difference between energy demand and energy production of a solar power plant and hydro power plant in a WSN. In the third scenario PRO is used to compensate daily variation of energy production in a wind power plant. Standard curves of energy production and energy demand for southern Italy are used. In order to control PRO production an appropriate hydro turbine system is necessary. Therefore, pumps as turbine (PAT) are used in alternative to a classical hydraulic turbine (Carravetta et al., 2013). PAT can be easily regulated by hydraulic system, of by an inverter, granting the necessary flexibility of energy production with a sensible reduction of machinery cost. Maisonneuve J, Pillay P, Laflamme C.B. Pressure-retarded osmotic power system model considering non-ideal effects. Renewable Energy. 2015; 75(3): 416-424. Carravetta A, Del Giudice G, Fecarotta O, Ramos HM. Pump as Turbine (PAT) Design in Water Distribution Network by System Effectiveness. Water. 2013; 5(3):1211-1225.

The delineation of DNAPL in a heterogeneous unconsolidated aquifer using a hydro punch sampler and hydrophobic dye testing procedures

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cirilli, J.; DeRose, N.

1995-09-01

The site is a pharmaceutical facility located in Newark, New Jersey. The facility which has been in operation for approximately 90 years, previously contained a 15,000 gallon underground tank used to store TCE. Upon the tanks removal in the early 1980`s the tank integrity was found to have been compromised. In compliance with the NJDEP Industrial Site Recovery Act, the responsible party was required to locate DNAPL in the aquifer. Due to TCE`s relative density, vertical migration to depths greater than 80 feet has occurred. Lateral migration over distances greater than 500 feet has been documented. Currently, the investigation hasmore » focused on the neighboring cemetery, where approximately 20 deep soil borings have been advanced at selected locations downslope of the TCE source area. The soil borings were drilled by mud rotary methods to a depth that was determined in the field to be proximal to the bottom of the heterogeneous unconsolidated aquifer. Continuous split spoon soil sampling for detailed geologic interpretation and field screening utilizing an organic vapor instrument was performed. The Hydro Punch (HP II) sampler was used in the aqueous sampling model to collect a discrete ground water sample from the interface between the aquifer and the till.« less

Study of thermo-hydro-mechanical processes at a potential site of an Indian nuclear waste repository

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maheshwar, Sachin; Verma, A. K.; Singh, T. N.; Bajpai, R. K.

2015-12-01

A detailed scientific study is required for the disposal of high-level radioactive wastes because they generate extremely high heat during their half-life period. Although, several methods have been proposed for the disposal of nuclear wastes, deep underground repository is considered to be a suitable option. In this paper, field investigation has been done near to Bhima basin of peninsular India. Detailed fracture analysis near the borehole shows very prominent maxima of fractures striking N55∘E coinciding with the trace of master basement cover metasediment fault. Physico-mechanical properties of rocks have been determined in the laboratory. The host rock chosen is granite and engineered barrier near the canister is proposed to be clay. A thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysis has been done to study the effect of heat on deformations, stresses and pore-pressure variation in granite and clay barriers. For this purpose, finite difference method has been used. Suitable rheological models have been used to model elastic canister and elasto-plastic engineered barrier and host rock. It has been found that both temperature and stresses at any point in the rockmass is below the design criteria which are 100∘C for temperature and 0.2 for damage number.

Modelling the role of forests on water provision services: a hydro-economic valuation approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beguería, S.; Campos, P.

2015-12-01

Hydro-economic models that allow integrating the ecological, hydrological, infrastructure, economic and social aspects into a coherent, scientifically- informed framework constitute preferred tools for supporting decision making in the context of integrated water resources management. We present a case study of water regulation and provision services of forests in the Andalusia region of Spain. Our model computes the physical water flows and conducts an economic environmental income and asset valuation of forest surface and underground water yield. Based on available hydrologic and economic data, we develop a comprehensive water account for all the forest lands at the regional scale. This forest water environmental valuation is integrated within a much larger project aiming at providing a robust and easily replicable accounting tool to evaluate yearly the total income and capital of forests, encompassing all measurable sources of private and public incomes (timber and cork production, auto-consumption, recreational activities, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, water production, etc.). We also force our simulation with future socio-economic scenarios to quantify the physical and economic efects of expected trends or simulated public and private policies on future water resources. Only a comprehensive integrated tool may serve as a basis for the development of integrated policies, such as those internationally agreed and recommended for the management of water resources.

Short-Term Planning of Hybrid Power System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knežević, Goran; Baus, Zoran; Nikolovski, Srete

2016-07-01

In this paper short-term planning algorithm for hybrid power system consist of different types of cascade hydropower plants (run-of-the river, pumped storage, conventional), thermal power plants (coal-fired power plants, combined cycle gas-fired power plants) and wind farms is presented. The optimization process provides a joint bid of the hybrid system, and thus making the operation schedule of hydro and thermal power plants, the operation condition of pumped-storage hydropower plants with the aim of maximizing profits on day ahead market, according to expected hourly electricity prices, the expected local water inflow in certain hydropower plants, and the expected production of electrical energy from the wind farm, taking into account previously contracted bilateral agreement for electricity generation. Optimization process is formulated as hourly-discretized mixed integer linear optimization problem. Optimization model is applied on the case study in order to show general features of the developed model.

Transforming the U.S. Market with a New Application of Ternary-Type Pumped-Storage Hydropower Technology: Preprint

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Corbus, David A; Jacobson, Mark D; Tan, Jin

As the deployment of wind and solar technologies increases at an unprecedented rate across the United States and in many world markets, the variability of power output from these technologies expands the need for increased power system flexibility. Energy storage can play an important role in the transition to a more flexible power system that can accommodate high penetrations of variable renewable technologies. This project focuses on how ternary pumped storage hydropower (T-PSH) coupled with dynamic transmission can help this transition by defining the system-wide benefits of deploying this technology in specific U.S. markets. T-PSH technology is the fastest respondingmore » pumped hydro technology equipment available today for grid services. T-PSH efficiencies are competitive with lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, and T-PSH can provide increased storage capacity with minimal degradation during a 50-year lifetime. This project evaluates T-PSH for grid services ranging from fast frequency response (FFR) for power system contingency events and enhanced power system stability to longer time periods for power system flexibility to accommodate ramping from wind and solar variability and energy arbitrage. In summary, this project: Compares power grid services and costs, including ancillary services and essential reliability services, for T-PSH and conventional pumped storage hydropower (PSH) - Evaluates the dynamic response of T-PSH and PSH technologies and their contribution to essential reliability services for grid stability by developing new power system model representations for T-PSH and performing simulations in the Western Interconnection - Evaluates production costs, operational impacts, and energy storage revenue streams for future power system scenarios with T-PSH focusing on time frames of 5 minutes and more - Assesses the electricity market-transforming capabilities of T-PSH technology coupled with transmission monitoring and dynamic control. This paper presents an overview of the methodology and initial, first-year preliminary findings of a 2-year in-depth study into how advanced PSH and dynamic transmission contribute to the transformation and modernization of the U.S. electric grid. This project is part of the HydroNEXT Initiative funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) that is focused on the development of innovative technologies to advance nonpowered dams and PSH. The project team consists of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (project lead), Absaroka Energy, LLC (Montana-based PSH project developer), GE Renewable Energy (PSH pump/turbine equipment supplier), Grid Dynamics, and Auburn University (lead for NREL/Auburn dynamic modeling team).« less

Hazard mitigation in coal mines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rashmi, R. V.; Devalal, Shilpa; Jacob, Anjali; Vidhyapathi, C. M.

2017-11-01

Today’s world witnesses increased number of mine accidents caused due to explosion and fire. When the methane gas concentration goes high, it causes fire leading to explosion. In this paper, an IoT based system is proposed to ensure safety to the mine workers in underground collieries. The proposed system consists of DHT-11 sensor to monitor the temperature and humidity of coal mines. When the gas sensor detects high methane gas level, blower is activated so that the atmospheric air can be pumped in from outside to dilute the gas concentration. The smoke sensor is also used to detect the fire. In case of any abnormality in any of these parameters the buzzer sounds. All these parameters are uploaded to the cloud directly so that the people at the control station can be well informed of the underground mines.

Optimising dewatering costs on a south african gold mine

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Connelly, R. J.; Ward, A. D.

1987-06-01

Many South African Gold Mines are geologically in proximity to the Transvaal Dolomites. This geological unit, is karstic in many areas and is very extensive. Very large volumes of ground water can be found in the dolomites, and have given rise to major dewatering problems on the mines. Hitherto, the general philosophy on the mines has been to acept these large inflows into the mine, and then to pump out from underground at a suitably convenient level. The dolomites constitute a ground water control area which means that Goverment permission is required to do anything with ground water within the dolomite. When the first major inflows occurred, the mines started dewatering the dolomites, and in many areas induced sinkholes, with significant loss of life and buildings. The nett result is that mines have to pump large quantities of water out of the mine but recharge into the dolomite to maintain water levesl. During the past 2 years a number of investigations have been carried out to reduce the very high costs of dewatering. On one mine the cost of removing 130×103 m3/day is about 1×106 Rand/month. The hydrogeologic model for the dolomites is now reasonably well understood. It shows that surface wells to a depth of up to 150 m can withdraw significant quantities of water and reduce the amount that has to be pumped from considerable depth with significant saving in puming costs. Such a system has a number of additional advantages such as removing some of the large volume of water from the underground working environment and providing a system that can be used for controlled surface dewatering should it be required.

Dust control at longwalls with water infusion and foam. Technical progress report through November 30, 1982

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1982-01-01

Foam spray equipment and materials for dust suppression on longwall double drum shearer faces have been procured. This equipment includes metering pumps, foam generators and mounting brackets, foam solutions, flow meters, real time and gravimetric sampling equipment, hoses and valve banks. Initial tests have been conducted in the laboratory with three types of generators and five types of foam solutions. Based on these tests, Senior Conflow's cluster spray and Onyx Chemical Company's millifoam solution have been selected. For pumping foam solution to the shearer, Jon Bean's 2 hp, 120 VAC single-phase ceramic lined piston pump has been selected. For fieldmore » tests, equipment has been installed underground in Dobbin mine in Upper Freeport seam on Eickhoff EDW 300 double drum shearer. Foamspray tests have been conducted. Real time and gravimetric dust samples have been collected. Real time sampling results indicate a dust level reduction of up to 37 percent with foam spray compared to the base case of water sprays.« less

Where Did the Water Go? Boyle's Law and Pressurized Diaphragm Water Tanks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brimhall, James; Naga, Sundar

2007-03-01

Many homes use pressurized diaphragm tanks for storage of water pumped from an underground well. These tanks are very carefully constructed to have separate internal chambers for the storage of water and for the air that provides the pressure. One might expect that the amount of water available for use from, for example, a 50-gallon tank would be close to 50 gallons. However, only a surprisingly small percentage of the total tank volume is available to provide water that can be drawn from the tank before the pump must cycle back on. Boyle's law ( PV is constant) provides mathematical insight into the workings of this type of tank, including predictions of the quantities of available water resulting from different initial conditions of the water tank system.

Guide to North Dakota's ground-water resources

USGS Publications Warehouse

Paulson, Q.F.

1983-01-01

Ground water, the water we pump from the Earth through wells or that which flows naturally from springs, is one of North Dakota's most valuable resources. More than 60 percent of the people living in the State use ground water for one purpose of another. It is the only source of water for thousands of farm families and their livestock. Almost all smaller cities and villages depend solely on groudn water as a source of supply. Increasingly, ground water is being used to irrigate crops and grasslands (fig. 1) during protracted dry spells so common in North Dakota. During recent years there has been a rapid development of rural water ditribution systems in which thousands of farms and rurals residences are connected via underground pipeline to a single water source, usually wells pumping ground water.

Coupling Geothermal Heat Pumps with Underground Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-21

endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. Page Intentionally Left Blank REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No...RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 03-21-2017 2. REPORT TYPE Cost & Performance Report 3. DATES COVERED (From - To...c. THIS PAGE U U 91 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) 478-405-8301 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18

Coupling Geothermal Heat Pumps with Underground Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage (EW-201135)

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-01

recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. Page Intentionally Left Blank REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704... FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 03-21-2017 2. REPORT TYPE Final Report 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 09/2011-03/2017 4...91 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) 478-405-8301 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Page

A 4 GHz phase locked loop design in 65 nm CMOS for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parkalian, N.; Robens, M.; Grewing, C.; Christ, V.; Kruth, A.; Liebau, D.; Muralidharan, P.; Nielinger, D.; Roth, C.; Yegin, U.; Zambanini, A.; van Waasen, S.

2018-02-01

This paper presents a 4 GHz phase locked loop (PLL), which is implemented in a 65 nm standard CMOS process to provide low noise and high frequency sampling clocks for readout electronics to be used in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) experiment. Based on the application requirements the target of the design is to find the best compromise between power consumption, area and phase noise for a highly reliable topology. The design implements a novel method for the charge pump that suppresses current mismatch when the PLL is locked. This reduces static phase offset at the inputs of the phase-frequency detector (PFD) that otherwise would introduce spurs at the PLL output. In addition, a technique of amplitude regulation for the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented to provide low noise and reliable operation. The combination of thin and thick oxide varactor transistors ensures optimum tuning range and linearity over process as well as temperature changes for the VCO without additional calibration steps. The current mismatch at the output of the charge pump for the control voltage at about half the 1 V supply voltage is below 0.3% and static phase offset down to 0.25% is reached. The total PLL consumes 18.5 mW power at 1.8 V supply for the VCO and 1 V supply for the other parts.

Radon-222 signatures of natural ventilation regimes in an underground quarry.

PubMed

Perrier, Frédéric; Richon, Patrick; Crouzeix, Catherine; Morat, Pierre; Le Mouël, Jean Louis

2004-01-01

Radon-222 activity concentration has been monitored since 1999 in an underground limestone quarry located in Vincennes, near Paris, France. It is homogeneous in summer, with an average value of 1700 Bq m(-3), and varies from 730 to 1450 Bq m(-3) in winter, indicating natural ventilation with a rate ranging from 0.5 to 2.4 x 10(-6) s(-1) (0.04-0.22 day(-1)). This hypothesis is supported by measurements in the vertical access pit where, in winter, a turbulent air current produces a stable radon profile, smoothly decreasing from 700 Bq m(-3) at 20 m depth to 300 Bq m(-3) at surface. In summer, a thermal stratification is maintained in the pit, but the radon-222 concentration jumps repeatedly between 100 and 2000 Bq m(-3). These jumps are due to atmospheric pressure pumping, which induces ventilation in the quarry at a rate of about 0.1 x 10(-6) s(-1) (0.009 day(-1)). Radon-222 monitoring thus provides a dynamical characterisation of ventilation regimes, which is important for the assessment of the long-term evolution of underground systems.

Neural network approach to prediction of temperatures around groundwater heat pump systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo Russo, Stefano; Taddia, Glenda; Gnavi, Loretta; Verda, Vittorio

2014-01-01

A fundamental aspect in groundwater heat pump (GWHP) plant design is the correct evaluation of the thermally affected zone that develops around the injection well. This is particularly important to avoid interference with previously existing groundwater uses (wells) and underground structures. Temperature anomalies are detected through numerical methods. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models are widely used in this field because they offer the opportunity to calculate the time evolution of the thermal plume produced by a heat pump. The use of neural networks is proposed to determine the time evolution of the groundwater temperature downstream of an installation as a function of the possible utilization profiles of the heat pump. The main advantage of neural network modeling is the possibility of evaluating a large number of scenarios in a very short time, which is very useful for the preliminary analysis of future multiple installations. The neural network is trained using the results from a CFD model (FEFLOW) applied to the installation at Politecnico di Torino (Italy) under several operating conditions. The final results appeared to be reliable and the temperature anomalies around the injection well appeared to be well predicted.

Renewable energy projects in the Dominican Republic

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Viani, B.

1997-12-01

This paper describes a US/Dominican Republic program to develop renewable energy projects in the country. The objective is to demonstrate the commercial viability of renewable energy generation projects, primarily small-scale wind and hydropower. Preliminary studies are completed for three micro-hydro projects with a total capacity of 262 kWe, and two small wind power projects for water pumping. In addition wind resource assessment is ongoing, and professional training and technical assistance to potential investors is ongoing. Projects goals include not less than ten small firms actively involved in installation of such systems by September 1998.

High flexible Hydropower Generation concepts for future grids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hell, Johann

2017-04-01

The ongoing changes in electric power generation are resulting in new requirements for the classical generating units. In consequence a paradigm change in operation of power systems is necessary and a new approach in finding solutions is needed. The presented paper is dealing with the new requirements on current and future energy systems with the focus on hydro power generation. A power generation landscape for some European regions is shown and generation and operational flexibility is explained. Based on the requirements from the Transmission System Operator in UK, the transient performance of a Pumped Storage installation is discussed.

Hydrogeology and sources of recharge to the Buffalo and Wahpeton aquifers in the southern part of the Red River of the North drainage basin, west-central Minnesota and southeastern North Dakota

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schoenberg, Michael

1998-01-01

The potential sources of recharge to the Wahpeton aquifers investigated were the Red River of the North, and adjacent hydro geologic units. The volume of ground water pumped from the Wahpeton aquifers provides an estimate of the upper limit for the volume of recharge to the aquifer. Based on pumpage from all of the Wapheton aquifers from 1990 to 1993, the upper limit is about 580 million gallons per year (2.4 x 105 cubic feet per day).

Underground structure pattern and multi AO reaction with step feed concept for upgrading an large wastewater treatment plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Yi; Zhang, Jie; Li, Dong

2018-03-01

A large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) could not meet the new demand of urban environment and the need of reclaimed water in China, using a US treatment technology. Thus a multi AO reaction process (Anaerobic/oxic/anoxic/oxic/anoxic/oxic) WWTP with underground structure was proposed to carry out the upgrade project. Four main new technologies were applied: (1) multi AO reaction with step feed technology; (2) deodorization; (3) new energy-saving technology such as water resource heat pump and optical fiber lighting system; (4) dependable old WWTP’s water quality support measurement during new WWTP’s construction. After construction, upgrading WWTP had saved two thirds land occupation, increased 80% treatment capacity and improved effluent standard by more than two times. Moreover, it had become a benchmark of an ecological negative capital changing to a positive capital.

Thermally driven advection for radioxenon transport from an underground nuclear explosion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Yunwei; Carrigan, Charles R.

2016-05-01

Barometric pumping is a ubiquitous process resulting in migration of gases in the subsurface that has been studied as the primary mechanism for noble gas transport from an underground nuclear explosion (UNE). However, at early times following a UNE, advection driven by explosion residual heat is relevant to noble gas transport. A rigorous measure is needed for demonstrating how, when, and where advection is important. In this paper three physical processes of uncertain magnitude (oscillatory advection, matrix diffusion, and thermally driven advection) are parameterized by using boundary conditions, system properties, and source term strength. Sobol' sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the importance of all physical processes influencing the xenon signals. This study indicates that thermally driven advection plays a more important role in producing xenon signals than oscillatory advection and matrix diffusion at early times following a UNE, and xenon isotopic ratios are observed to have both time and spatial dependence.

Commercial Submersible Mixing Pump For SRS Tank Waste Removal - 15223

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hubbard, Mike; Herbert, James E.; Scheele, Patrick W.

The Savannah River Site Tank Farms have 45 active underground waste tanks used to store and process nuclear waste materials. There are 4 different tank types, ranging in capacity from 2839 m 3 to 4921 m 3 (750,000 to 1,300,000 gallons). Eighteen of the tanks are older style and do not meet all current federal standards for secondary containment. The older style tanks are the initial focus of waste removal efforts for tank closure and are referred to as closure tanks. Of the original 51 underground waste tanks, six of the original 24 older style tanks have completed waste removalmore » and are filled with grout. The insoluble waste fraction that resides within most waste tanks at SRS requires vigorous agitation to suspend the solids within the waste liquid in order to transfer this material for eventual processing into glass filled canisters at the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). SRS suspends the solid waste by use of recirculating mixing pumps. Older style tanks generally have limited riser openings which will not support larger mixing pumps, since the riser access is typically 58.4 cm (23 inches) in diameter. Agitation for these tanks has been provided by four long shafted standard slurry pumps (SLP) powered by an above tank 112KW (150 HP) electric motor. The pump shaft is lubricated and cooled in a pressurized water column that is sealed from the surrounding waste in the tank. Closure of four waste tanks has been accomplished utilizing long shafted pump technology combined with heel removal using multiple technologies. Newer style waste tanks at SRS have larger riser openings, allowing the processing of waste solids to be accomplished with four large diameter SLPs equipped with 224KW (300 HP) motors. These tanks are used to process the waste from closure tanks for DWPF. In addition to the SLPs, a 224KW (300 HP) submersible mixer pump (SMP) has also been developed and deployed within older style tanks. The SMPs are product cooled and product lubricated canned motor pumps designed to fit within available risers and have significant agitation capabilities to suspend waste solids. Waste removal and closure of two tanks has been accomplished with agitation provided by 3 SMPs installed within the tanks. In 2012, a team was assembled to investigate alternative solids removal technologies to support waste removal for closing tanks. The goal of the team was to find a more cost effective approach that could be used to replace the current mixing pump technology. This team was unable to identify an alternative technology outside of mixing pumps to support waste agitation and removal from SRS waste tanks. However, the team did identify a potentially lower cost mixing pump compared to the baseline SLPs and SMPs. Rather than using the traditional procurement using an engineering specification, the team proposed to seek commercially available submersible mixer pumps (CSMP) as alternatives to SLPs and SMPs. SLPs and SMPs have a high procurement cost and the actual cost of moving pumps between tanks has shown to be significantly higher than the original estimates that justified the reuse of SMPs and SLPs. The team recommended procurement of “off-the-shelf” industry pumps which may be available for significant savings, but at an increased risk of failure and reduced operating life in the waste tank. The goal of the CSMP program is to obtain mixing pumps that could mix from bulk waste removal through tank closure and then be abandoned in place as part of tank closure. This paper will present the development, progress and relative advantages of the CSMP.« less

Pump Hydro Energy Storage systems (PHES) in groundwater flooded quarries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Poulain, Angélique; de Dreuzy, Jean-Raynald; Goderniaux, Pascal

2018-04-01

Pump storage hydroelectricity is an efficient way to temporarily store energy. This technique requires to store temporarily a large volume of water in an upper reservoir, and to release it through turbines to the lower reservoir, to produce electricity. Recently, the idea of using old flooded quarries as a lower reservoir has been evoked. However, these flooded quarries are generally connected to unconfined aquifers. Consequently, pumping or injecting large volumes of water, within short time intervals, will have an impact on the adjacent aquifers. Conversely, water exchanges between the quarry and the aquifer may also influence the water level fluctuations in the lower reservoir. Using numerical modelling, this study investigates the interactions between generic flooded open pit quarries and adjacent unconfined aquifers, during various pump-storage cyclic stresses. The propagation of sinusoidal stresses in the adjacent porous media and the amplitude of water level fluctuations in the quarry are studied. Homogeneous rock media and the presence of fractures in the vicinity of the quarry are considered. Results show that hydrological quarry - rock interactions must be considered with caution, when implementing pump - storage systems. For rock media characterized by high hydraulic conductivity and porosity values, water volumes exchanges during cycles may affect significantly the amplitude of the water level fluctuations in the quarry, and as a consequence, the instantaneous electricity production. Regarding the impact of the pump - storage cyclic stresses on the surrounding environment, the distance of influence is potentially high under specific conditions, and is enhanced with the occurrence of rock heterogeneities, such as fractures. The impact around the quarry used as a lower reservoir thus appears as an important constraining factor regarding the feasibility of pump - storage systems, to be assessed carefully if groundwater level fluctuations around the quarry are expected to bring up adverse effects. Results highlight opportunities and challenges to be faced, to implement pump - storage hydroelectricity systems in old flooded open pit quarries.

Drinking water quality assessment in Southern Sindh (Pakistan).

PubMed

Memon, Mehrunisa; Soomro, Mohammed Saleh; Akhtar, Mohammad Saleem; Memon, Kazi Suleman

2011-06-01

The southern Sindh province of Pakistan adjoins the Arabian Sea coast where drinking water quality is deteriorating due to dumping of industrial and urban waste and use of agrochemicals and yet has limited fresh water resources. The study assessed the drinking water quality of canal, shallow pumps, dug wells, and water supply schemes from the administrative districts of Thatta, Badin, and Thar by measuring physical, chemical, and biological (total coliform) quality parameters. All four water bodies (dug wells, shallow pumps canal water, and water supply schemes) exceeded WHO MPL for turbidity (24%, 28%, 96%, 69%), coliform (96%, 77%, 92%, 81%), and electrical conductivity (100%, 99%, 44%, 63%), respectively. However, the turbidity was lower in underground water, i.e., 24% and 28% in dug wells and shallow pumps as compared to open water, i.e., 96% and 69% in canal and water supply schemes, respectively. In dug wells and shallow pumps, limits for TDS, alkalinity, hardness, and sodium exceeded, respectively, by 63% and 33%; 59% and 70%, 40% and 27%, and 78% and 26%. Sodium was major problem in dug wells and shallow pumps of district Thar and considerable percent in shallow pumps of Badin. Iron was major problem in all water bodies of district Badin ranging from 50% to 69% and to some extent in open waters of Thatta. Other parameters as pH, copper, manganese, zinc, and phosphorus were within standard permissible limits of World Health Organization. Some common diseases found in the study area were gastroenteritis, diarrhea and vomiting, kidney, and skin problems.

Earth Observations taken by the Expedition 13 crew

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-08-02

ISS013-E-63766 (2 Aug. 2006) --- Berkeley Pit and Butte, Montana are featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 13 crewmember on the International Space Station. The city of Butte, Montana has long been a center of mining activity. Underground mining of copper began in Butte in the 1870s, and by 1901 underground workings had extended to the groundwater table. Thus began the creation of an intricate complex of underground drains and pumps to lower the groundwater level and continue the extraction of copper. Water extracted from the mines was so rich in dissolved copper sulfate that it was also "mined" (by chemical precipitation) for the copper it contained. In 1955, the Anaconda Copper Mining Company began open-pit mining for copper in what is now know as the Berkeley Pit (dark oblong area in center). The mine took advantage of the existing subterranean drainage and pump network to lower groundwater until 1982, when the new owner ARCO suspended operations at the mine. The groundwater level swiftly rose, and today water in the Pit is more than 900 feet deep. Many features of the mine workings are visible in this image such as the many terraced levels and access roadways of the open mine pits (gray and tan sculptured surfaces). A large gray tailings pile of waste rock and an adjacent tailings pond are visible to the north of the Berkeley Pit. Color changes in the tailings pond are due primarily to changing water depth. The Berkeley Pit is listed as a federal Superfund site due to its highly acidic water, which contains high concentrations of metals such as copper and zinc. The Berkeley Pit receives groundwater flowing through the surrounding bedrock and acts as a "terminal pit" or sink for these heavy metal-laden waters. Ongoing efforts include regulation of water flow into the pit to reduce filling of the Pit and potential release of contaminated water into local aquifers or surface streams.

Maui Optical Tracking and Identification Facility Transition Program.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

USED) 2 OFFICE 19 LASER SUPPORT ROO 35 SERVICE CELL TECHT LIBARY 20 LASLAL 5 ATA LAB 36 UNDERGROUND WATER RESERVOIR S OFFICE 21 LOBBY 37 PUMP VAULT 8...precision at a rate of 50 samples per second on the system digital recorder along with time, housekeeping and ten selected dc channels which are recorded...with 12-bit precision at a rate of 90 samples per second (45 per mirror state). The digitally recorded ac and dc data can be retrieved post-mission and

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory Facilities Replacement on Hanscom Air Force Base Phase 1 Final Environmental Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-24

Service UST Underground Storage Tank VC Vitrified Clay VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds W Watts 1 1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION The...discharged to sanitary drain and the solids slurry is hauled off site for disposal Fluoride drain: welded stainless steel drain piping from wet...diameter vitrified clay (VC) gravity sewer collection pipe, flowing north/northeast to the upper pumping station at Building 1306, is located within the

Coupling Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHP) With Underground Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage (USTES)

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-21

favoring by the Department of Defense. Page Intentionally Left Blank REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden...with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS...PAGE U U 38 19b. TELEPHONE NUMBER (include area code) 478-405-8301 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Coupling

Hydraulic mining method

DOEpatents

Huffman, Lester H.; Knoke, Gerald S.

1985-08-20

A method of hydraulically mining an underground pitched mineral vein comprising drilling a vertical borehole through the earth's lithosphere into the vein and drilling a slant borehole along the footwall of the vein to intersect the vertical borehole. Material is removed from the mineral vein by directing a high pressure water jet thereagainst. The resulting slurry of mineral fragments and water flows along the slant borehole into the lower end of the vertical borehole from where it is pumped upwardly through the vertical borehole to the surface.

Worldwide Report, Environmental Quality, No. 406.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-07-18

of Septem- ber. Their field of study will include natural in- teractions between sur- face and underground waters , soils and rocks, as well as...certain. ’ Salinity had a great- er effect on water —as ä commodity—than on land, so careful moni- toring of streams was needed to maintani the...pumping two decades fago caused an intrus- Ition of sea water into tthe fresh ^äter wells * Result R;:*, "<• ■ : ," .-. ;■"*. ■- •■•■ frw©ne7 of

Pore Pressure and Field stress variation from Salt Water Injection; A case Study from Beaver Lodge Field in Williston Basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohammed, R. A.; Khatibi, S.

2017-12-01

One of the major concerns in producing from oil and gas reservoirs in North American Basins is the disposal of high salinity salt water. It is a misconception that Hydro frack triggers Earthquakes, but due to the high salinity and density of water being pumped to the formation that has pore space of the rock already filled, which is not the case in Hydro-frack or Enhanced Oil Recovery in which fracturing fluid is pumped into empty pore space of rocks in depleted reservoirs. A review on the Bakken history showed that the concerns related to induce seismicity has increased over time due to variations in Pore pressure and In-situ stress that have shown steep changes in the region over the time. In this study, we focused on Pore pressure and field Stress variations in lower Cretaceous Inyan Kara and Mississippian Devonian Bakken, Inyan Kara is the major source for class-II salt-water disposal in the basin. Salt-water disposal is the major cause for induced seismicity. A full field study was done on Beaver Lodge Field, which has many salt-water disposal wells Adjacent to Oil and Gas Wells. We analyzed formation properties, stresses, pore-pressure, and fracture gradient profile in the field and. The constructed Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) revealed changes in pore pressure and stresses over time due to saltwater injection. Well drilled in the past were compared to recently drilled wells, which showed much stress variations. Safe mud weight Window of wells near proximity of injection wells was examined which showed many cases of wellbore instabilities. Results of this study will have tremendous impact in studying environmental issues and the future drilling and Fracking operations.

Geomechanical/Geochemical Modeling Studies Conducted within theInternational DECOVALEX Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Birkholzer, J.T.; Rutqvist, J.; Sonnenthal, E.L.

2005-10-19

The DECOVALEX project is an international cooperative project initiated by SKI, the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate, with participation of about 10 international organizations. The general goal of this project is to encourage multidisciplinary interactive and cooperative research on modeling coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geologic formations in support of the performance assessment for underground storage of radioactive waste. One of the research tasks, initiated in 2004 by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), addresses the long-term impact of geomechanical and geochemical processes on the flow conditions near waste emplacement tunnels. Within this task, four international research teams conduct predictive analysismore » of the coupled processes in two generic repositories, using multiple approaches and different computer codes. Below, we give an overview of the research task and report its current status.« less

Geomechanical/ Geochemical Modeling Studies onducted Within the International DECOVALEX Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

J.T. Birkholzer; J. Rutqvist; E.L. Sonnenthal

2006-02-01

The DECOVALEX project is an international cooperative project initiated by SKI, the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate, with participation of about 10 international organizations. The general goal of this project is to encourage multidisciplinary interactive and cooperative research on modeling coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geologic formations in support of the performance assessment for underground storage of radioactive waste. One of the research tasks, initiated in 2004 by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), addresses the long-term impact of geomechanical and geochemical processes on the flow conditions near waste emplacement tunnels. Within this task, four international research teams conduct predictive analysismore » of the coupled processes in two generic repositories, using multiple approaches and different computer codes. Below, we give an overview of the research task and report its current status.« less

Motivation, description, and summary status of geomechanical andgeochemical modeling studies in Task D of the InternationalDECOVALEX-THMC Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Birkholzer, J.T.; Barr, D.; Rutqvist, J.

2005-11-15

The DECOVALEX project is an international cooperativeproject initiated by SKI, the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate, withparticipation of about 10 international organizations. The general goalof this project is to encourage multidisciplinary interactive andcooperative research on modelling coupledthermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geologic formationsin support of the performance assessment for underground storage ofradioactive waste. One of the research tasks, initiated in 2004 by theU.S. Department of Energy (DOE), addresses the long-term impact ofgeomechanical and geochemical processes on the flow conditions near wasteemplacement tunnels. Within this task, four international research teamsconduct predictive analysis of the coupled processes in two genericrepositories, using multiple approaches andmore » different computer codes.Below, we give an overview of the research task and report its currentstatus.« less

Innovation in monitoring: The U.S. Geological Survey Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, California, flow-station network

USGS Publications Warehouse

Burau, Jon; Ruhl, Cathy; Work, Paul A.

2016-01-29

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) installed the first gage to measure the flow of water into California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta from the Sacramento River in the late 1800s. Today, a network of 35 hydro-acoustic meters measure flow throughout the delta. This region is a critical part of California’s freshwater supply and conveyance system. With the data provided by this flow-station network—sampled every 15 minutes and updated to the web every hour—state and federal water managers make daily decisions about how much freshwater can be pumped for human use, at which locations, and when. Fish and wildlife scientists, working with water managers, also use this information to protect fish species affected by pumping and loss of habitat. The data are also used to help determine the success or failure of efforts to restore ecosystem processes in what has been called the “most managed and highly altered” watershed in the country.

Rooftop level rainwater harvesting system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Traboulsi, Hayssam; Traboulsi, Marwa

2017-05-01

Unfortunately, in Lebanon and other countries in the Middle East region, water becomes scarcer than ever before, and over the last decades the demand on domestic water has increased due to population and economic growth. Although rainwater harvesting is considered to be a safe and reliable alternative source for domestic water, the inconvenience or impracticalities related to the cost and space needed for the construction of ground or underground storage tanks makes this practice not widely common in rural areas and rarely implemented in urban cities. This paper introduces a new technique to rainwater harvesting which can be easily used in both rural and urban areas: it collects and stores rainwater directly in tanks already installed on building roofs and not necessarily in special ground or underground ones. If widely adopted in Lebanon, this technique could help in: (1) collecting around 23 MCM (70 % of the current deficit in the domestic water supply) of rainwater and thus increasing the available water per m2 of building by 0.4 m3 per year, (2) saving around 7 % of the amount of electric energy usually needed to pump water from an aquifer well and ground or underground tank, and (3) considerably reducing the rate of surface runoff of rainwater at the coastal zones where rainwater is not captured at all and goes directly to the sea.

Bypassing and tightening of an underground water retention system in permeable karst: case study of the hydropower plant (HPP) Bribin, Indonesia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kudella, Peter; Loges, Iryna; Mutschler, Thomas; Eiche, Elisabeth; Ruppert, Julia; Neumann, Thomas

2016-09-01

In the framework of the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) joint research project in the karst area of Gunung Kidul, Province of Yogyakarta Special Region on the Java Island, Indonesia, an underground hydropower driven water extraction facility in the cave "Bribin" was developed using pump-as-turbine-driven systems for freshwater supply of the rural area. As numerous other caves in the Gunung Kidul area, Bribin is part of a ramified system of all-season water-bearing subterraneous rivers and natural caves in karstic limestone. The elliptic cross section of the cave was completely closed with a concrete barrage, thus creating a year-round underground retention volume with an operational storage level of approx. 15 m. This contribution highlights the geotechnical and geohydraulic challenges handled within the sub-project "Short-time and long-time behaviour of karst rock surrounding pressure-bearing underground water-retaining structures". One key to the feasibility of an artificial water retention scheme in a natural cave is to ensure the mechanical stability of the cave roof and sidewalls. The necessary geotechnical investigations are described. Another key to the effectiveness of such a water retention concept is the control and minimization of "lost" seepage water bypassing the barrage structure through the karst rock mass. Measures to monitor and to explain the seepage phenomena are presented as well as grouting efforts to minimize them. The limitations of improving the overall tightness will be discussed. Interpretation includes the use of analytical and numerical methods.

Site 300 City Water Master Plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shaw, Jeff

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), a scientific research facility, operates an experimental test site known as Site 300. The site is located in a remote area of southeastern Alameda County, California, and consists of about 100 facilities spread across 7,000-acres. The Site 300 water system includes groundwater wells and a system of storage tanks, booster pumps, and underground piping to distribute water to buildings and significant areas throughout the site. Site 300, which is classified as a non-transient non-community (NTNC) water system, serves approximately 110 employees through 109 service connections. The distribution system includes approximately 76,500-feet of water mains varyingmore » from 4- to 10-inches in diameter, mostly asbestos cement (AC) pipe, and eleven water storage tanks. The water system is divided into four pressure zones fed by three booster pump stations to tanks in each zone.« less

Surface deformation induced by water pumping for construction of Mass Rapid Transportation in Taipei basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hu, J. C.; Wu, P. C.; Tung, H.; Tsai, M. C.

2017-12-01

In 1968, there were 2,200 wells in the Taipei Basin used for water supply to meet the requirement of high population density. The overuse of ground water lead to the land subsidence rate up to 5 cm/yr. Although the government had already begun to limit groundwater pumping since 1968, the groundwater in the Taipei Basin demonstrated temporary fluctuation induced by pumping water for large deep excavation site or engineering usage. The previous study based on precise leveling suggested that the surface deformation was highly associated with the recovery of water level. In 1989, widespread uplift dominated in Taipei basin due to the recovery of ground water Table. In this study, we use 37 high-resolution X-band COSMO-SkyMed radar images from May 2011 to April 2015 to characterize deformation pattern in the period of construction of Mass Rapid Transportation (MRT). We also use 30 wells and 380 benchmarks of precise leveling in Taipei basin to study the correlation of surface deformation and change of ground water table. The storability is roughly constant across most of the aquifer with values between 0.8 x 10-4 and 1.3 x 10-3. Moreover, the high water pumping in two major aquifers, Jignme and Wuku Foramtions, before the underground construction for MRT led to inflict surface deformation and no time delay observed for surface deformation during the water pumping. It implies that the poro-elastic effect dominates in major aquifers in Taipei basin.

Acoustic Eaton lens array and its fluid application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Sang-Hoon; Sy, Pham-Van; Das, Mukunda P.

2017-03-01

A principle of an acoustic Eaton lens array and its application as a removable tsunami wall is proposed theoretically. The lenses are made of expandable rubber pillars or balloons and create a stop-band by rotating the incoming tsunami wave and reduce the pressure by canceling each other. The diameter of each lens is larger than the wavelength of the tsunami near the coast, that is, order of a kilometer. The impedance matching on the border of the lenses results in a little reflection. Before a tsunami, the balloons are buried underground in shallow water near the coast in folded or rounded form. Upon sounding of the tsunami alarm, water and air are pumped into the pillars, which expand and erect the wall above the sea level within a few hours. After the tsunami, the water and air are released from the pillars, which are then buried underground for reuse. Electricity is used to power the entire process. A numerical simulation with a linear tsunami model was carried out.

Using a coupled hydro-mechanical fault model to better understand the risk of induced seismicity in deep geothermal projects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, Steffen; Krieger, Lars; Deckert, Hagen

2017-04-01

The changes of fluid pressures related to the injection of fluids into the deep underground, for example during geothermal energy production, can potentially reactivate faults and thus cause induced seismic events. Therefore, an important aspect in the planning and operation of such projects, in particular in densely populated regions such as the Upper Rhine Graben in Germany, is the estimation and mitigation of the induced seismic risk. The occurrence of induced seismicity depends on a combination of hydraulic properties of the underground, mechanical and geometric parameters of the fault, and the fluid injection regime. In this study we are therefore employing a numerical model to investigate the impact of fluid pressure changes on the dynamics of the faults and the resulting seismicity. The approach combines a model of the fluid flow around a geothermal well based on a 3D finite difference discretisation of the Darcy-equation with a 2D block-slider model of a fault. The models are coupled so that the evolving pore pressure at the relevant locations of the hydraulic model is taken into account in the calculation of the stick-slip dynamics of the fault model. Our modelling approach uses two subsequent modelling steps. Initially, the fault model is run by applying a fixed deformation rate for a given duration and without the influence of the hydraulic model in order to generate the background event statistics. Initial tests have shown that the response of the fault to hydraulic loading depends on the timing of the fluid injection relative to the seismic cycle of the fault. Therefore, multiple snapshots of the fault's stress- and displacement state are generated from the fault model. In a second step, these snapshots are then used as initial conditions in a set of coupled hydro-mechanical model runs including the effects of the fluid injection. This set of models is then compared with the background event statistics to evaluate the change in the probability of seismic events. The event data such as location, magnitude, and source characteristics can be used as input for numerical wave propagation models. This allows the translation of seismic event statistics generated by the model into ground shaking probabilities.

2012 Groundwater Monitoring and Inspection Report Gnome-Coach, New Mexico, Site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2013-03-01

Gnome-Coach was the site of a 3-kiloton underground nuclear test conducted in 1961. Surface and subsurface contamination resulted from the underground nuclear testing, post-test drilling, and a groundwater tracer test performed at the site. Surface reclamation and remediation began after the underground testing. A Completion Report was prepared, and the State of New Mexico is currently proceeding with a conditional certificate of completion for the surface. Subsurface corrective action activities began in 1972 and have generally consisted of annual sampling and monitoring of wells near the site. In 2008, the annual site inspections were refined to include hydraulic head monitoringmore » and collection of samples from groundwater monitoring wells onsite using the low-flow sampling method. These activities were conducted during this monitoring period on January 18, 2012. Analytical results from this sampling event indicate that concentrations of tritium, strontium-90, and cesium-137 were generally consistent with concentrations from historical sampling events. The exceptions are the decreases in concentrations of strontium-90 in samples from wells USGS-4 and USGS-8, which were more than 2.5 times lower than last year's results. Well USGS-1 provides water for livestock belonging to area ranchers, and a dedicated submersible pump cycles on and off to maintain a constant volume in a nearby water tank. Water levels in wells USGS-4 and USGS-8 respond to the on/off cycling of the water supply pumping from well USGS-1. Well LRL-7 was not sampled in January, and water levels were still increasing when the transducer data were downloaded in September. A seismic reflection survey was also conducted this year. The survey acquired approximately 13.9 miles of seismic reflection data along 7 profiles on and near the site. These activities were conducted from February 23 through March 10, 2012. The site roads, monitoring well heads, and the monument at surface ground zero were in good condition at the time of the site inspection. However, it was reported in September 2012 that the USGS-1 well head had been damaged by a water truck in April 2012.« less

The Design of Large Geothermally Powered Air-Conditioning Systems Using an Optimal Control Approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horowitz, F. G.; O'Bryan, L.

2010-12-01

The direct use of geothermal energy from Hot Sedimentary Aquifer (HSA) systems for large scale air-conditioning projects involves many tradeoffs. Aspects contributing towards making design decisions for such systems include: the inadequately known permeability and thermal distributions underground; the combinatorial complexity of selecting pumping and chiller systems to match the underground conditions to the air-conditioning requirements; the future price variations of the electricity market; any uncertainties in future Carbon pricing; and the applicable discount rate for evaluating the financial worth of the project. Expanding upon the previous work of Horowitz and Hornby (2007), we take an optimal control approach to the design of such systems. By building a model of the HSA system, the drilling process, the pumping process, and the chilling operations, along with a specified objective function, we can write a Hamiltonian for the system. Using the standard techniques of optimal control, we use gradients of the Hamiltonian to find the optimal design for any given set of permeabilities, thermal distributions, and the other engineering and financial parameters. By using this approach, optimal system designs could potentially evolve in response to the actual conditions encountered during drilling. Because the granularity of some current models is so coarse, we will be able to compare our optimal control approach to an exhaustive search of parameter space. We will present examples from the conditions appropriate for the Perth Basin of Western Australia, where the WA Geothermal Centre of Excellence is involved with two large air-conditioning projects using geothermal water from deep aquifers at 75 to 95 degrees C.

Analysis of water control in an underground mine under strong karst media influence (Vazante mine, Brazil)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ninanya, Hugo; Guiguer, Nilson; Vargas, Eurípedes A.; Nascimento, Gustavo; Araujo, Edmar; Cazarin, Caroline L.

2018-05-01

This work presents analysis of groundwater flow conditions and groundwater control measures for Vazante underground mine located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. According to field observations, groundwater flow processes in this mine are highly influenced by the presence of karst features located in the near-surface terrain next to Santa Catarina River. The karstic features, such as caves, sinkholes, dolines and conduits, have direct contact with the aquifer and tend to increase water flow into the mine. These effects are more acute in areas under the influence of groundwater-level drawdown by pumping. Numerical analyses of this condition were carried out using the computer program FEFLOW. This program represents karstic features as one-dimensional discrete flow conduits inside a three-dimensional finite element structure representing the geologic medium following a combined discrete-continuum approach for representing the karst system. These features create preferential flow paths between the river and mine; their incorporation into the model is able to more realistically represent the hydrogeological environment of the mine surroundings. In order to mitigate the water-inflow problems, impermeabilization of the river through construction of a reinforced concrete channel was incorporated in the developed hydrogeological model. Different scenarios for channelization lengths for the most critical zones along the river were studied. Obtained results were able to compare effectiveness of different river channelization scenarios. It was also possible to determine whether the use of these impermeabilization measures would be able to reduce, in large part, the elevated costs of pumping inside the mine.

Sinkholes Due to Groundwater Withdrawal in Tazerbo Wellfield, SE Libya.

PubMed

Alfarrah, Nawal; Berhane, Gebremedhin; Hweesh, Abdelrahim; Walraevens, Kristine

2017-07-01

The desert of eastern Libya forms one of the most arid regions of the Sahara. The Great Man-Made River Project (GMRP) was established. It transports millions of cubic meters of water a day from desert wellfields to the coastal cities, where over 80% of the population lives. The Tazerbo Wellfield is one of the wellfields designed within the GMRP, delivering water to the eastern coast of Libya through an underground pipe network. Tazerbo Wellfield consists of 108 production wells; each well was designed to pump 100 L/s. The planned total groundwater withdrawal from all wells is 1 million m 3 /d. The deep sandstone aquifer (Nubian sandstone) is covered by a thick mudstone-siltstone aquitard and is being heavily pumped. The aquifer and fine-grained sediments of the aquitard may be compacted resulting in land subsidence as a result of high exploitation. Local sinkholes have developed in the area of Tazerbo since the start of the pumping from the wellfield in 2004. These sinkholes have been caused mainly by lowering of the piezometric heads due to the withdrawal of groundwater. In this study, a hydrogeological investigation is presented about the effect of large groundwater pumping from the Nubian sandstone aquifer in Tazerbo Wellfield, SE Libya, based on physical parameters for 108 production wells and 23 observation wells. © 2017, National Ground Water Association.

76 FR 67167 - Riverbank Hydro No. 1 LLC; Qualified Hydro 20 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14131-000; 14135-000; 14138-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 1 LLC; Qualified Hydro 20 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Notice of... LLC (Qualified Hydro) and Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI (Lock Hydro) filed preliminary permit...

Reactor-pumped laser facility at DOE's Nevada Test Site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lipinski, Ronald J.

1994-05-01

The Nevada Test Site (NTS) is one excellent possibility for a laser power beaming site. It is in the low latitudes of the U.S., is in an exceptionally cloud-free area of the southwest, is already an area of restricted access (which enhances safety considerations), and possesses a highly skilled technical team with extensive engineering and research capabilities from underground testing of our nation's nuclear deterrence. The average availability of cloud-free clear line of site to a given point in space is about 84%. With a beaming angle of +/- 60 degree(s) from the zenith, about 52 geostationary-orbit (GEO) satellites could be accessed continuously from NTS. In addition, the site would provide an average view factor of about 10% for orbital transfer from low earth orbit to GEO. One of the major candidates for a long-duration, high- power laser is a reactor-pumped laser being developed by DOE. The extensive nuclear expertise at NTS makes this site a prime candidate for utilizing the capabilities of a rector pumped laser for power beaming. The site then could be used for many dual-use roles such as industrial material processing research, defense testing, and removing space debris.

Backfilling behavior of a mixed aggregate based on construction waste and ultrafine tailings

PubMed Central

Zhang, Qinli; Xiao, Chongchun; Chen, Xin

2017-01-01

To study the possibility of utilizing mixed construction waste and ultrafine tailings (CW&UT) as a backfilling aggregate that can be placed underground in a mine, physicochemical evaluation, proportioning strength tests, and pumpability experiments were conducted. It was revealed that mixed CW&UT can be used as a backfilling aggregate due to the complementarities of their physicochemical properties. In addition, as the results of the proportioning strength tests show, the compressive strength of a cemented CW&UT backfilling specimen cured for 28 days, with a mass fraction of 72–74%, a cement-sand ratio of 1:12, and a CW proportion of 30%, is higher than 1.0 MPa, which meets the safety requirements and economic consideration of backfilling technology in many underground metal mines, and can also be enhanced with an increase in the cement-sand ratio. The results of the pumpability experiments show that cemented backfilling slurry based on CW&UT can be transported to the stope underground with a common filling pump, with a 16.6 MPa maximum pressure, with the condition that the time of emergency shut-down is less than approximately 20 min. All in all, the research to utilize mixed CW&UT as a backfilling aggregate can not only provide a way to dispose of CW&UT but also will bring large economic benefits and can provide constructive guidance for environmental protection. PMID:28662072

Case Study in Corporate Memory Recovery: Hanford Tank Farms Miscellaneous Underground Waste Storage Tanks - 15344

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Washenfelder, D. J.; Johnson, J. M.; Turknett, J. C.

In addition to managing the 177 underground waste storage tanks containing 212,000 m3 (56 million gal) of radioactive waste at the U. S. Department of Energy’s Hanford Site 200 Area Tank Farms, Washington River Protection Solutions LLC is responsible for managing numerous small catch tanks and special surveillance facilities. These are collectively known as “MUSTs” - Miscellaneous Underground Storage Tanks. The MUSTs typically collected drainage and flushes during waste transfer system piping changes; special surveillance facilities supported Tank Farm processes including post-World War II uranium recovery and later fission product recovery from tank wastes. Most were removed from service followingmore » deactivation of the single-shell tank system in 1980 and stabilized by pumping the remaining liquids from them. The MUSTs were isolated by blanking connecting transfer lines and adding weatherproofing to prevent rainwater entry. Over the next 30 years MUST operating records were dispersed into large electronic databases or transferred to the National Archives Regional Center in Seattle, Washington. During 2014 an effort to reacquire the historical bases for the MUSTs’ published waste volumes was undertaken. Corporate Memory Recovery from a variety of record sources allowed waste volumes to be initially determined for 21 MUSTs, and waste volumes to be adjusted for 37 others. Precursors and symptoms of Corporate Memory Loss were identified in the context of MUST records recovery.« less

Backfilling behavior of a mixed aggregate based on construction waste and ultrafine tailings.

PubMed

Chen, Qiusong; Zhang, Qinli; Xiao, Chongchun; Chen, Xin

2017-01-01

To study the possibility of utilizing mixed construction waste and ultrafine tailings (CW&UT) as a backfilling aggregate that can be placed underground in a mine, physicochemical evaluation, proportioning strength tests, and pumpability experiments were conducted. It was revealed that mixed CW&UT can be used as a backfilling aggregate due to the complementarities of their physicochemical properties. In addition, as the results of the proportioning strength tests show, the compressive strength of a cemented CW&UT backfilling specimen cured for 28 days, with a mass fraction of 72-74%, a cement-sand ratio of 1:12, and a CW proportion of 30%, is higher than 1.0 MPa, which meets the safety requirements and economic consideration of backfilling technology in many underground metal mines, and can also be enhanced with an increase in the cement-sand ratio. The results of the pumpability experiments show that cemented backfilling slurry based on CW&UT can be transported to the stope underground with a common filling pump, with a 16.6 MPa maximum pressure, with the condition that the time of emergency shut-down is less than approximately 20 min. All in all, the research to utilize mixed CW&UT as a backfilling aggregate can not only provide a way to dispose of CW&UT but also will bring large economic benefits and can provide constructive guidance for environmental protection.

Comprehensive experimental and numerical analysis of instability phenomena in pump turbines

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gentner, Ch; Sallaberger, M.; Widmer, Ch; Bobach, B.-J.; Jaberg, H.; Schiffer, J.; Senn, F.; Guggenberger, M.

2014-03-01

The changes in the electricity market have led to changed requirements for the operation of pump turbines. Utilities need to change fast and frequently between pumping and generating modes and increasingly want to operate at off-design conditions for extended periods. Operation of the units in instable areas of the machine characteristic is not acceptable and may lead to self-excited vibration of the hydraulic system. In turbine operation of pump turbines unstable behaviour can occur at low load off-design operation close to runaway conditions (S-shape of the turbine characteristic). This type of instability may impede the synchronization of the machine in turbine mode and thus increase start-up and switch over times. A pronounced S-shaped instability can also lead to significant drop of discharge in the event of load rejection. Low pressure on the suction side and in the tail-race tunnel could cause dangerous separation of the water column. Understanding the flow features that lead to the instable behaviour of pump turbines is a prerequisite to the design of machines that can fulfil the growing requirements relating to operational flexibility. Flow simulation in these instability zones is demanding due to the complex and highly unsteady flow patterns. Only unsteady simulation methods are able to reproduce the governing physical effects in these operating regions. ANDRITZ HYDRO has been investigating the stability behaviour of pump turbines in turbine operation in cooperation with several universities using simulation and measurements. In order to validate the results of flow simulation of unstable operating points, the Graz University of Technology (Austria) performed detailed experimental investigations. Within the scope of a long term research project, the operating characteristics of several pump turbine runners have been measured and flow patterns in the pump turbine at speed no load and runaway have been examined by 2D Laser particle image velocimetry (PIV). For several wicket gate positions, the flow fields in the vane-less space at runner inlet observed in the experiment are compared with the results of unsteady CFD flow simulations. Physical phenomena are visualized and insight to flow phenomena is given. Analyses using both results of simulation and measurement allow deriving a consistent explanation of the fluid mechanical mechanisms leading to the S-shaped instability of pump turbines.

Application of geoelectric and electromagnetic methods for the detection of failing zones and brine rising zones in the vicinity of a potential CO2-storage site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herd, Rainer; Krause, Yvonne; Schafrik, Wlad

2013-04-01

Within the framework of the project "brine - CO2 storage in eastern Brandenburg" geophysical investigations are conducted by the German Research Center for Geoscience (GFZ), Potsdam and the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Cottbus on different scales in order to investigate underground situations and evaluate methods suitable for a salinization early warning system. The research of BTU is focused on the distribution of underground structures up to a maximum depth of 200m. Of prevalent interest are the detection capabilities for near surface failing zones which might serve as favored pathways for brine migration and the status-quo of the freshwater-saltwater boundary. Geophysical investigations with the frequency domain electromagnetic (FDEM) and direct current (DC) geoelectric methods are qualified for the identification and monitoring of brine displacement as the measuring parameter is the resistivity/conductivity of the subsurface. In eastern Brandenburg the Oligocene Rupelian clay represents the barrier horizon separating the freshwater and saline aquifers. Due to postglacial processes this layer is locally reduced or totally eroded and might enhance upward brine migration during pressure increase. The areas of investigation were selected by known high fluid conductivity values (hydro chemical indication) and the potential presence of quaternary erosion channels in the Rupelian clay (geological indication). The geophysical results yield a vertical and horizontal resistivity/conductivity distribution. The interpretation is done by lithology profiles of nearby boreholes and correlation with fluid conductivities in groundwater wells. The results of FDEM and DC on coincident profiles are generally in accordance and show that both methods are suitable with DC geoelectrics supplementing a higher resolution close to the surface (max. 80m depth) and the electromagnetics adding coarser/less detailed conductivity information of the deeper underground (down to 200m depth).

78 FR 21931 - Pelzer Hydro Company, Inc. Consolidated Hydro Southeast, Inc.; Notice of Intent To File License...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-12

...] Pelzer Hydro Company, Inc. Consolidated Hydro Southeast, Inc.; Notice of Intent To File License.... Submitted by: Pelzer Hydro Company, Inc. and Consolidated Hydro Southeast, Inc., both fully owned... at [email protected] . j. Pelzer Hydro Company, Inc. and Consolidated Hydro Southeast, Inc., filed...

76 FR 24471 - Qualified Hydro 26, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-02

...; 14113-000] Qualified Hydro 26, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Western Minnesota Municipal Power... Hydro), Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII (Hydro Friends) and Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency (WMMPA... 02114; (978) 283-2822. Hydro Friends' proposed Lock and Dam 11 Hydropower Project No. 14112 would...

Horizontal hydraulic conductivity estimates for intact coal barriers between closed underground mines

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mccoy, K.J.; Donovan, J.J.; Leavitt, B.R.

2006-08-15

Unmined blocks of coal, called barriers, separate and restrict horizontal leakage between adjacent bituminous coal mines. Understanding the leakage rate across such barriers is important in planning mine closure and strongly affects recharge calculations for postmining flooding. This study presents upper-limit estimates for hydraulic conductivity (K) of intact barriers in two closed mines at moderate depth (75-300 m) in the Pittsburgh coal basin. The estimates are based on pumping rates from these mines for the years ranging from 1992 to 2000. The two mines do not approach the outcrop and are sufficiently deep that vertical infiltration is thought to bemore » negligible. Similarly, there are no saturated zones on the pumped mines' side of shared barriers with other mines, and therefore pumping is the only outflow. Virtually all of the pumping is attributed to leakage across or over the top of barriers shared with upgradient flooded mines. The length of shared barriers totals 24 km for the two mines, and the barriers range in thickness from 15 to 50 m. K values calculated independently for each of the 9 years of the pumping record ranged from 0.037 m/d to 0.18 m/d using an isotropic model of barrier flow. Using an anisotropic model for differential K in the face cleat (K{sub f}) and butt cleat (K{sub b}) directions, results range from 0.074 to 0.34 m/d for K{sub f} and from 0.022 to 0.099 m/d for K{sub b}.« less

Valuing hydrological forecasts for a pumped storage assisted hydro facility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Guangzhi; Davison, Matt

2009-07-01

SummaryThis paper estimates the value of a perfectly accurate short-term hydrological forecast to the operator of a hydro electricity generating facility which can sell its power at time varying but predictable prices. The expected value of a less accurate forecast will be smaller. We assume a simple random model for water inflows and that the costs of operating the facility, including water charges, will be the same whether or not its operator has inflow forecasts. Thus, the improvement in value from better hydrological prediction results from the increased ability of the forecast using facility to sell its power at high prices. The value of the forecast is therefore the difference between the sales of a facility operated over some time horizon with a perfect forecast, and the sales of a similar facility operated over the same time horizon with similar water inflows which, though governed by the same random model, cannot be forecast. This paper shows that the value of the forecast is an increasing function of the inflow process variance and quantifies how much the value of this perfect forecast increases with the variance of the water inflow process. Because the lifetime of hydroelectric facilities is long, the small increase observed here can lead to an increase in the profitability of hydropower investments.

Viability of the ground of Shithatha, western Iraqi plateau, for industrial and commercial uses via hydrochemistry analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Al-Qaraghuli, S. A.

2017-08-01

Iraqi western plateau is considered as one of the most resourceful areas of the middle east, that is not yet well explored, due to the many political disturbances and security issues. The viability of underground water for the various industrial, municipal, commercial and agricultural uses is examined for Shithatha, Karbala governorates as a representative for the western plateau via chemical and physical analysis of water samples that are taken from 9 wells and 3 springs all-around the study area during the wet and dry periods. Hydro chemical and statistical analysis for the field samples have proved that groundwater of the studied area is classified as slightly-brackish water and water hardness is very high. Also, the results of the analyses of trace elements in the groundwater of the study area have confirmed the contamination of groundwater with some elements such as (Fe, Cd, Pb, Ni) in concentrations that have exceeded the WHO and Iraqi national standards IQS, permissible limits. The application of Hydro-chemical formulae of Kurlouv and Piper, Schoeller, Stiff classifications have demonstrated that most samples of the study area have water type of (Na2SO4) while other samples have ranged between (MgSO4), and (NaCl) water type. The quality of groundwater is unsuitable for drinking and industrial purposes and it is almost suitable for irrigation purposes, but it is suitable for livestock, building and agricultural purposes because the salinity of the water is within the permissible limits when considering the nature of the soil.

Analysis of water levels in the Frenchman Flat area, Nevada Test Site

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bright, D.J.; Watkins, S.A.; Lisle, B.A.

2001-01-01

Analysis of water levels in 21 wells in the Frenchman Flat area, Nevada Test Site, provides information on the accuracy of hydraulic-head calculations, temporal water-level trends, and potential causes of water-level fluctuations. Accurate hydraulic heads are particularly important in Frenchman Flat where the hydraulic gradients are relatively flat (less than 1 foot per mile) in the alluvial aquifer. Temporal water-level trends with magnitudes near or exceeding the regional hydraulic gradient may have a substantial effect on ground-water flow directions. Water-level measurements can be adjusted for the effects of barometric pressure, formation water density (from water-temperature measurements), borehole deviation, and land-surface altitude in selected wells in the Frenchman Flat area. Water levels in one well were adjusted for the effect of density; this adjustment was significantly greater (about 17 feet) than the adjustment of water levels for barometric pressure, borehole deviation, or land-surface altitude (less than about 4 feet). Water-level measurements from five wells exhibited trends that were statistically and hydrologically significant. Statistically significant water-level trends were observed for three wells completed in the alluvial aquifer (WW-5a, UE-5n, and PW-3), for one well completed in the carbonate aquifer (SM-23), and for one well completed in the quartzite confining unit (Army-6a). Potential causes of water-level fluctuations in wells in the Frenchman Flat area include changes in atmospheric conditions (precipitation and barometric pressure), Earth tides, seismic activity, past underground nuclear testing, and nearby pumping. Periodic water-level measurements in some wells completed in the carbonate aquifer indicate cyclic-type water-level fluctuations that generally correlate with longer term changes (more than 5 years) in precipitation. Ground-water pumping fromthe alluvial aquifer at well WW-5c and pumping and discharge from well RNM-2s appear to cause water-level fluctuations in nearby observation wells. The remaining known sources of water-level fluctuations do not appear to substantially affect water-level changes (seismic activity and underground nuclear testing) or do not affect changes over a period of more than 1 year (barometric pressure and Earth tides) in wells in the Frenchman Flat area.

Pressurized grout remote backfilling at AML sites near Beulah and Zap, North Dakota

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weiner, E.J.; Dodd, W.E.

1999-07-01

The Abandoned Mine Lands (AML) Division of the North Dakota Public Service Commission (PSC) is charged with the reclamation of hazardous abandoned mine sites in North Dakota. Several underground lignite coalmines were operated near the cities of Beulah and Zap, North Dakota, from the early 1900's until about 1955. Coal seams in this area were relatively thick and the overburden generally shallow. As these mines have deteriorated with time, deep collapse features, or sinkholes, have surfaced in many areas. These features are very dangerous, especially when they occur at or near residential and commercial areas and public roads. In themore » past five years, sinkholes have surfaced beneath a commercial building (boat dealership, lounge, and gas station) and beneath a nearby occupied mobile home north of Beulah. sinkholes have also surfaced near KHOL Radio Station in Beulah and in the right of way of a public road south of Zap. The AML Division has conducted several emergency sinkhole-filling projects in these areas. In 1995--97, the AML Division conducted exploratory drilling which confirmed the presence of collapsing underground mines at these sites. The remediation of these sites around Beulah/Zap will take place over several years and involve three or more separate contracts due to budget considerations. In 1997, the AML Division began reclamation at these sties utilizing pressurized grout remote backfilling. In this technique, a cementitious grout is pumped through cased drill holes directly into the mine cavities to fill them and thereby stabilize the surface from collapse. The successful contractor for Phase One of the project was The Concrete Doctor, Inc. (TCDI). This paper will concentrate on Phase One of this work performed from June through September 1997. This project is especially interesting because grout was pumped through holes drilled inside the occupied commercial building. Grout was also pumped through angled holes that intercepted mined workings directly beneath the structure. Several specialized monitoring techniques were used to alert contractor if any movement in the structures occurred during grouting activities. Informational meetings were conducted by TCDI and PDC held with landowners, business owners, residents and road authorities before, during and after the project.« less

Early Earth Science Activities in the Sanford Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory at Homestake

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, J. S.; Glaser, S. D.; Moore, J. R.; Hart, K.; King, G.; Regan, T.; Bang, S. S.; Sani, R. K.; Roggenthen, W. M.

2007-12-01

On July 10, 2007, the former Homestake Mine, Lead, South Dakota, was selected as the development site for the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory, to become the Sanford Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory at Homestake. Work on refurbishment and certification of the Ross Shaft began in August 2007 to effect pumping of water that had reached the 5000 level in late July. Completion of this work will allow a physics and geosciences laboratory to be constructed on the 4,850 ft level (1,478 m from the surface). Concurrent with reentry operations, several earth science research activities have been initiated. These early activities are as follows: (1) Seismic monitoring system: Accelerometers will be installed in surface boreholes and underground drifts as they become available as a result of the reentry work. (2) Evaluation of the 300 level (91 m), which has multiple locations for horizontal access, is ongoing. This near- surface level, with varying overburden thicknesses, offers excellent opportunities to investigate the "critical zone" in terms of hydrology, ecology, and geochemistry, yielding measurements of both moisture and carbon fluxes to evaluate fluid exchanges with the atmosphere. (3) Water and soil samples were collected in the Ross Shaft as part of the first reentry work. Molecular survey of microbial diversity showed the presence of mesophilic and thermophilic cellulose-degrading microorganisms. (4) Supercritical carbon dioxide injection experiments are being planned that will take advantage of three pairs of existing, nearly vertical, open 8-inch (0.2 m) boreholes that are easily accessible from the Ross Shaft. The candidate holes are located between the 1550 and the 2900 levels and are between 90 to 180 m in length (5) Monitoring of the response of the water during the dewatering operations will be facilitated by the use of existing boreholes. Ultimately, the dewatering operation provide access to the 8000 level (depth of 2,438 m), the deepest level. These five examples of ongoing research activities should provide a basis for many other earth science and engineering investigations at this multilevel facility, which already has extensive underground workings. These examples address different aspects of three main themes identified as important by deep underground research communities: restless earth for geo-science, ground truth for geo-engineering, and dark life for geo-microbiology.

In situ study of the effect of ground source heat pump on shallow ground-water quality in the late Pleistocene terrace area of Tokyo, Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takemura, T.; Uemura, K.; Akiba, Y.; Ota, M.

2015-12-01

The implementation of ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems has rapidly increased around the world, since they reduce carbon dioxide emissions and save electric energy. The GSHP system transfer heat into the geosphere zone when air conditioners are used to cool rooms or buildings. However, the effects of temperature increase on the quality of underground water has yet to be fully investigated. In order to reduce the risks of ground-water pollution by the installed GSHPs, it is important to evaluate the effect of temperature change on the ground-water quality. In this study, we installed a closed loop GSHP system on a heat exchange well along with a monitoring well drilled to measure ground-water quality and temperature. The monitoring well was drilled at 0.1cm away from the heat exchange well. We observed that changes of temperature in the heat exchange well affected the water quality, especially turbidity, in gravelly layer.

77 FR 11530 - Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Qualified Hydro 21, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-27

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14130-000, 14137-000, 14134-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Qualified Hydro 21, LLC; Notice.... 2, LLC for Project No. 14130-000, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI for Project No. 14137-000, and...

77 FR 13317 - Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Qualified Hydro 21, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14130-000, 14137-000, 14134-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Qualified Hydro 21, LLC; Notice... drawing, the order of priority is as follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI: Project No. 14137-000. 2...

75 FR 73064 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI; Allegheny 7 Hydro, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-29

.... 13777-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI; Allegheny 7 Hydro, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit..., 2010, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI, and Allegheny 7 Hydro, LLC filed applications, pursuant to section 4.... 7 Projects Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI's project (Project No. 13736-000) would consist of: (1) Two...

77 FR 12280 - Riverbank Hydro No. 1, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Qualified Hydro 20, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14131-000, 14138-00, 14135-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 1, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Qualified Hydro 20, LLC; Notice..., the order of priority is as follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII, Project No. 14138-000. 2...

77 FR 9230 - Riverbank Hydro No. 1, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Qualified Hydro 20, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14131-000; Project No. 14138-000; Project No. 14135-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 1, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII; Qualified... Hydro No. 1, LLC for Project No. 14131-000, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVII for Project No. 14138- 000...

Grid flexibility: The quiet revolution

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hsieh, Eric; Anderson, Robert

The concept of flexibility describes the capability of the power system to maintain balance between generation and load under uncertainty. While the grid has historically incorporated flexibility-specific resources such as pumped hydro to complement nuclear generators, modern trends and the increased deployment of variable energy resources (VERs) are increasing the need for a transparent market value of flexibility. A review of analyses, docket filings, tariffs, and business practice manuals from the past several years finds substantial flexibility-related activity. These activities are categorized as market and financial structures; incorporation of new operations or technology; and legal or procedural reforms. The cumulativemore » outcome of these incremental changes will be a major transformation to power systems that can rapidly adapt to new needs, technologies, and conditions.« less

A Systematic Multi-Time Scale Solution for Regional Power Grid Operation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, W. J.; Liu, Z. G.; Cheng, T.; Hu, B. Q.; Liu, X. Z.; Zhou, Y. F.

2017-10-01

Many aspects need to be taken into consideration in a regional grid while making schedule plans. In this paper, a systematic multi-time scale solution for regional power grid operation considering large scale renewable energy integration and Ultra High Voltage (UHV) power transmission is proposed. In the time scale aspect, we discuss the problem from month, week, day-ahead, within-day to day-behind, and the system also contains multiple generator types including thermal units, hydro-plants, wind turbines and pumped storage stations. The 9 subsystems of the scheduling system are described, and their functions and relationships are elaborated. The proposed system has been constructed in a provincial power grid in Central China, and the operation results further verified the effectiveness of the system.

Grid flexibility: The quiet revolution

DOE PAGES

Hsieh, Eric; Anderson, Robert

2017-02-16

The concept of flexibility describes the capability of the power system to maintain balance between generation and load under uncertainty. While the grid has historically incorporated flexibility-specific resources such as pumped hydro to complement nuclear generators, modern trends and the increased deployment of variable energy resources (VERs) are increasing the need for a transparent market value of flexibility. A review of analyses, docket filings, tariffs, and business practice manuals from the past several years finds substantial flexibility-related activity. These activities are categorized as market and financial structures; incorporation of new operations or technology; and legal or procedural reforms. The cumulativemore » outcome of these incremental changes will be a major transformation to power systems that can rapidly adapt to new needs, technologies, and conditions.« less

Power Conversion and Energy Storage System for a Fusion Reactor 3. Performance of Large Electric Power Equipment and Future View 3.1 Large Capacity Battery System -Sodium-Sulfur Battery-

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nakabayashi, Takashi

The Ford Motor Company proposed the principle of the sodium-sulfur battery based on a beta-alumina solid electrolyte in 1967. Accordingly, sodium-sulfur battery technology was initially developed primarily for electric vehicle applications. Later, the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) selected the sodium-sulfur battery technology as the preferred system for a dispersed utility energy storage system to substitute for the pumped hydro energy storage system. NGK Insulators, Ltd. (NGK) and TEPCO have jointly carried out the development of the sodium-sulfur battery since 1984. In April 2002, TEPCO and NGK made the sodium-sulfur battery for use as an energy storage system commercially available.

78 FR 929 - TransCanada Hydro Northeast Inc.; FirstLight Hydro Generating Company; Notice of Intent To File...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-07

... P-1904-073; Project Nos. P- 1889-081 and P-2485-063] TransCanada Hydro Northeast Inc.; FirstLight.... Submitted By: TransCanada Hydro Northeast Inc. (P-1892-026, P- 1855-045, and P-1904-073); FirstLight Hydro... Projects--John S. Howard, Director--FERC Hydro Compliance, FirstLight Hydro Generating Company, Northfield...

77 FR 58371 - Allegheny Hydro No. 8, L.P., Allegheny Hydro No. 9, L.P., and U.S. Bank National Association...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 3021-088] Allegheny Hydro No. 8, L.P., Allegheny Hydro No. 9, L.P., and U.S. Bank National Association Allegheny Hydro, LLC... 31, 2012, Allegheny Hydro No. 8, L.P., Allegheny Hydro No. 9, L.P., and U.S. Bank National...

Post-Explosion Tracer Gas Study in Fractured Granite

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avendano, S.; Horne, M.; Herrera, C.; Person, M. A.; Gorman, E.; Stroujkova, A. F.; Gomez-Velez, J. D.

2017-12-01

Radioactive noble gas detection at suspected underground nuclear test sites is the only proven way to confirm that a nuclear test has occurred. However, the migration of gas effluent through fracture networks is still poorly understood. A pilot field study of the gas migration through rock damaged by explosions was conducted in a rock quarry in New Hampshire in the summer of 2017. Tracer gas (SF6), used as a proxy for the noble gas, was released into a cavity created by an explosion (63 kg of TNT at a depth of 13 m) conducted during the summer of 2016. The upper 5 m of borehole were grouted with stainless steel tubing sealed in the concrete and the gas was pumped through the tubing. Before the gas release, we conducted a series of geophysical and hydrologic tests: a pump test, several slug tests, a salt tracer release in two boreholes, and TEM and ERT surveys. Pressure and electrical conductivity transducers were placed in the surrounding boreholes to monitor the pressure changes and tracer arrival during the pumping. The results of the pump test show that the rock is well connected and has high permeability. Interestingly, the injection of gas resulted in a substantial increase of the local hydraulic conductivity, as evidenced by slug test results before and after injection. The pressure changes in the surrounding boreholes were also monitored during the gas release. We observed gas breakthrough immediately after the release. During the first minute after injection, a pressure wave was observed in two boreholes suggestive of inertial effects and hydraulic fracturing after gas release. The concentrations observed at each monitoring site are consistent with the pump testing. The results of this study will be used in our upcoming experiments and to test detailed mathematical models.

Solar system design for water pumping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdelkader, Hadidi; Mohammed, Yaichi

2018-05-01

In our days, it seems to us that nobody can suspect it on the importance of water and energy for the human needs. With technological advances, the energy need does not cease increasing. This problem of energy is even more sensitive in the isolated sites where the use of the traditional resources proves often very expensive. Indeed, several constraints, like the transport of fuel and the routine maintenances of the diesel engines, return the search for an essential alternative energy source for this type of sites. It summer necessary to seek other resources of energy of replacement. Renewable energies, like photovoltaic energy, wind or hydraulic, represent a replacement solution par excellence and they are used more and more in our days more especially as the national territory has one of the solar layers highest with the world. The duration of insolation can reach the 3900 hours/year on the Sahara. The energy acquired daily on a horizontal surface of 1m2 is about 5kWh, that is to say meadows of 2263kWh/m2/year in the south of the country. The photovoltaic energy utilization for pumping of water is well adapted for more the share of the arid and semi-arid areas because of the existence in these areas of an underground hydraulic potential not very major. Another very important coincidence supports the use of this type of energy for the water pumping is that the demand for water, especially in agriculture, reached its maximum in hot weather and dryness where it is precisely the moment when one has access to the maximum of solar energy. The goal to see an outline on the general composition of a photovoltaic system of pumping, as well as the theoretical elements making it possible to dimension the current pumping stations.

Erkundung und Beweissicherung für eine geothermale Erschließung eines Alpinen Karstaquifers im Tuxertal, Österreich

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sass, Ingo; Heldmann, Claus-Dieter; Schäffer, Rafael

2016-06-01

Karst aquifers may on one hand improve the efficiency of geothermal systems due to increased permeabilities, but on the other hand, high groundwater velocities can reduce the efficiency of the underground heat storage capacity. The marble karst aquifer of the Hochstegen formation was explored and developed for the first time as an intermediate-depth geothermal energy storage system at Finkenberg, Tux valley (Tyrol, Austria). Geological field studies and a spring monitoring program for the project revealed characteristic hydro-chemical signatures related to the catchments in specific tectonic units depending on their lithology. Observations showed that the catchment area of the Hochstegen formation karst aquifer extends up to 2650 m a.s.l. southwest of Finkenberg. In the boreholes, karstification was detected to 400 m below surface (Sass et al., 2016). A monitoring program involving seven springs downgradient of the boreholes has shown that the geothermal project has had no long-term impact on groundwater quality.

77 FR 37035 - Goose River Hydro, Inc.; Independence Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2804-027] Goose River Hydro, Inc.; Independence Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions to Intervene On June 6, 2012, Goose River Hydro, Inc. (transferor) and Independence Hydro...

76 FR 73612 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund XVIII; Upper Hydroelectric LLC; FFP Project 95 LLC; Riverbank Hydro No...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14261-000; 14268-000; 14277-000; 14281-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund XVIII; Upper Hydroelectric LLC; FFP Project 95 LLC... Friends Fund XVIII (Lock Hydro), Upper Hydroelectric LLC (Upper Hydro), Riverbank Hydro No. 25 LLC...

76 FR 67175 - Riverbank Hydro No. 2 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14130-000; 14137-000; 14149-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 2 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI, Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp... Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI (Lock Hydro) and on April 11, 2011, Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp...

Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory, Switzerland-Research Program And Key Results

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nussbaum, C. O.; Bossart, P. J.

2012-12-01

Argillaceous formations generally act as aquitards because of their low hydraulic conductivities. This property, together with the large retention capacity of clays for cationic contaminants and the potential for self-sealing, has brought clay formations into focus as potential host rocks for the geological disposal of radioactive waste. Excavated in the Opalinus Clay formation, the Mont Terri underground rock laboratory in the Jura Mountains of NW Switzerland is an important international test site for researching clay formations. Research is carried out in the underground facility, which is located adjacent to the security gallery of the Mont Terri motorway tunnel. Fifteen partners from European countries, USA, Canada and Japan participate in the project. The objectives of the research program are to analyze the hydrogeological, geochemical and rock mechanical properties of the Opalinus Clay, to determine the changes induced by the excavation of galleries and by heating of the rock formation, to test sealing and container emplacement techniques and to evaluate and improve suitable investigation techniques. For the safety of deep geological disposal, it is of key importance to understand the processes occurring in the undisturbed argillaceous environment, as well as the processes in a disturbed system, during the operation of the repository. The objectives are related to: 1. Understanding processes and mechanisms in undisturbed clays and 2. Experiments related to repository-induced perturbations. Experiments of the first group are dedicated to: i) Improvement of drilling and excavation technologies and sampling methods; ii) Estimation of hydrogeological, rock mechanical and geochemical parameters of the undisturbed Opalinus Clay. Upscaling of parameters from laboratory to in situ scale; iii) Geochemistry of porewater and natural gases; evolution of porewater over time scales; iv) Assessment of long-term hydraulic transients associated with erosion and thermal scenarios and v) Evaluation of diffusion and retention parameters for long-lived radionuclides. Experiments related to repository-induced perturbations are focused on: i) Influence of rock liner on the disposal system and the buffering potential of the host rock; ii) Self-sealing processes in the excavation damaged zone; iii) Hydro-mechanical coupled processes (e.g. stress redistributions and pore pressure evolution during excavation); iv) Thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical coupled processes (e.g. heating of bentonite and host rock) and v) Gas-induced transport of radionuclides in porewater and along interfaces in the engineered barrier system. A third research direction is to demonstrate the feasibility of repository construction and long-term safety after repository closure. Demonstration experiments can contribute to improving the reliability of the scientific basis for the safety assessment of future geological repositories, particularly if they are performed on a large scale and with a long duration. These experiments include the construction and installation of engineered barriers on a 1:1 scale: i) Horizontal emplacement of canisters; ii) Evaluation of the corrosion of container materials; repository re-saturation; iii) Sealing of boreholes and repository access tunnels and iv) Long-term monitoring of the repository. References Bossart, P. & Thury, M. (2008): Mont Terri Rock Laboratory. Project, Programme 1996 to 2007 and Results. - Rep. Swiss Geol. Surv. 3.

Hydrogeological Investigations in Deep Wells at the Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Delay, Jacques; Distinguin, Marc

ANDRA (Agence Nationale pour la Gestion de Déchets Radioactifs) has developed an integrated approach to characterizing the hydrogeology of the carbonate strata that encase the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite at the Meuse/Haute-Marne Laboratory site. The argillites are difficult to characterize due to their low permeability. The barrier properties of the argillites can be inferred from the flow and chemistry properties of the encasing Oxfordian and Dogger carbonates. Andras deep hole approach uses reverse air circulation drilling, geophysical logging, flow meter logging, geochemical sampling, and analyses of the pumping responses during sampling. The data support numerical simulations that evaluate the argillites hydraulic behaviour.

Remaining Sites Verification Package for the 100-F-26:15 Miscellaneous Pipelines Associated with the 132-F-6, 1608-F Waste Water Pumping Station, Waste Site Reclassification Form 2007-031

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

L. M. Dittmer

2008-03-18

The 100-F-26:15 waste site consisted of the remnant portions of underground process effluent and floor drain pipelines that originated at the 105-F Reactor. In accordance with this evaluation, the verification sampling results support a reclassification of this site to Interim Closed Out. The results of verification sampling show that residual contaminant concentrations do not preclude any future uses and allow for unrestricted use of shallow zone soils. The results also demonstrate that residual contaminant concentrations are protective of groundwater and the Columbia River.

Offshore Floating Wind Turbine-driven Deep Sea Water Pumping for Combined Electrical Power and District Cooling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sant, T.; Buhagiar, D.; Farrugia, R. N.

2014-06-01

A new concept utilising floating wind turbines to exploit the low temperatures of deep sea water for space cooling in buildings is presented. The approach is based on offshore hydraulic wind turbines pumping pressurised deep sea water to a centralised plant consisting of a hydro-electric power system coupled to a large-scale sea water-cooled air conditioning (AC) unit of an urban district cooling network. In order to investigate the potential advantages of this new concept over conventional technologies, a simplified model for performance simulation of a vapour compression AC unit was applied independently to three different systems, with the AC unit operating with (1) a constant flow of sea surface water, (2) a constant flow of sea water consisting of a mixture of surface sea water and deep sea water delivered by a single offshore hydraulic wind turbine and (3) an intermittent flow of deep sea water pumped by a single offshore hydraulic wind turbine. The analysis was based on one year of wind and ambient temperature data for the Central Mediterranean that is known for its deep waters, warm climate and relatively low wind speeds. The study confirmed that while the present concept is less efficient than conventional turbines utilising grid-connected electrical generators, a significant portion of the losses associated with the hydraulic transmission through the pipeline are offset by the extraction of cool deep sea water which reduces the electricity consumption of urban air-conditioning units.

Off-stream Pumped Storage Hydropower plant to increase renewable energy penetration in Santiago Island, Cape Verde

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barreira, Inês; Gueifão, Carlos; Ferreira de Jesus, J.

2017-04-01

In order to reduce the high dependence on imported fuels and to meet the ongoing growth of electricity demand, Cape Verde government set the goal to increase renewable energy penetration in Santiago Island until 2020. To help maximize renewable energy penetration, an off-stream Pumped Storage Hydropower (PSH) plant will be installed in Santiago, in one of the following locations: Chã Gonçalves, Mato Sancho and Ribeira dos Picos. This paper summarizes the studies carried out to find the optimal location and connection point of the PSH plant in Santiago’s electricity network. This goal was achieved by assessing the impact of the PSH plant, in each location, on power system stability. The simulation tool PSS/E of Siemens was used to study the steady-state and dynamic behavior of the future (2020) Santiago MV grid. Different scenarios of demand and renewable resources were created. Each hydro unit of the PSH plant was modeled as an adjustable speed reversible turbine employing a DFIM. The results show that Santiago’s grid with the PSH plant in Chã Gonçalves is the one that has the best performance.

76 FR 67171 - Solia 7 Hydroelectric LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 20 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Project...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14163-000; 14174-000; 14181-000; 14195-000] Solia 7 Hydroelectric LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 20 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund... LLC (Solia), and Riverbank Hydro No. 20 LLC (Riverbank), and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund...

77 FR 13316 - FFP Project 91, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 23, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III; Notice Announcing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14275-000, 14279-000, 14282-000] FFP Project 91, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 23, LLC, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III; Notice.... 2. Riverbank Hydro No. 23, LLC: Project No. 14279-000. 3. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III: Project No...

76 FR 74779 - SV Hydro LLC; Coffeeville LLC; FFP Project 99 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XIV; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-01

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14298-000; 14299-000; 14301-000; 14302-000] SV Hydro LLC; Coffeeville LLC; FFP Project 99 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XIV... (Coffeeville), FFP Project 99 LLC (FFP 99), and Lock Hydro Friends Fund XIV (Lock Hydro) filed preliminary...

76 FR 73616 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund VIII, FFP Project 92 LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 24 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14262-000; 14276-000; 14280-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund VIII, FFP Project 92 LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 24 LLC; Notice of..., and Competing Applications On September 1, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund VIII (Lock Hydro), FFP...

76 FR 67174 - Solia 2 Hydroelectric LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 7 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14157-000; 14161-000; 14184-000] Solia 2 Hydroelectric LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 7 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII Notice.... 7 LLC (Riverbank) and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII (Lock Hydro) filed preliminary...

76 FR 73615 - FFP Project 91 LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 23 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund III; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14275-000; 14279-000; 14282-000] FFP Project 91 LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 23 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund III; Notice of... LLC (Riverbank), and Lock Hydro Friends Fund III (Lock Hydro), filed preliminary permit applications...

76 FR 67720 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; Riverbank Hydro No. 4, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-02

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14136-000; Project No. 14139-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; Riverbank Hydro No. 4, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority... follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV--Project No. 14136-000 2. Riverbank Hydro No. 4, LLC--Project No...

76 FR 67170 - Riverbank Hydro No. 12 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14175-000; 14183-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 12 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit... May 2, 2011, Riverbank Hydro No. 12 LLC (Riverbank), and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI...

76 FR 67168 - Riverbank Hydro No. 19 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 59 LLC; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14176-000, 14188-000, 14200-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 19 LLC; Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 59 LLC; Notice of..., Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV (Lock Hydro), and FFP Project 59 LLC (FFP 59) filed preliminary permit...

Steam jacket dynamics in underground coal gasification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Otto, Christopher; Kempka, Thomas

2017-04-01

Underground coal gasification (UCG) has the potential to increase the world-wide hydrocarbon reserves by utilization of deposits not economically mineable by conventional methods. In this context, UCG involves combusting coal in-situ to produce a high-calorific synthesis gas, which can be applied for electricity generation or chemical feedstock production. Apart from high economic potentials, in-situ combustion may cause environmental impacts such as groundwater pollution by by-product leakage. In order to prevent or significantly mitigate these potential environmental concerns, UCG reactors are generally operated below hydrostatic pressure to limit the outflow of UCG process fluids into overburden aquifers. This pressure difference effects groundwater inflow into the reactor and prevents the escape of product gas. In the close reactor vicinity, fluid flow determined by the evolving high reactor temperatures, resulting in the build-up of a steam jacket. Numerical modeling is one of the key components to study coupled processes in in-situ combustion. We employed the thermo-hydraulic numerical simulator MUFITS (BINMIXT module) to address the influence of reactor pressure dynamics as well as hydro-geological coal and caprock parameters on water inflow and steam jacket dynamics. The US field trials Hanna and Hoe Creek (Wyoming) were applied for 3D model validation in terms of water inflow matching, whereby the good agreement between our modeling results and the field data indicates that our model reflects the hydrothermal physics of the process. In summary, our validated model allows a fast prediction of the steam jacket dynamics as well as water in- and outflows, required to avoid aquifer contamination during the entire life cycle of in-situ combustion operations.

76 FR 67172 - Riverbank Hydro No. 16 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund IV, FFP Project 55 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14167-000, 14185-000 and 14196-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 16 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund IV, FFP Project 55 LLC; Notice of..., Lock Hydro Friends Fund IV (Lock Hydro), and FFP Project 55 LLC (FFP 55) filed preliminary permit...

76 FR 67169 - Riverbank Hydro No. 10 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XL FFP Project 56 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14164-000; 14189-000; 14198-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 10 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XL FFP Project 56 LLC; Notice of Competing... Hydro Friends Fund XL (Lock Hydro), and FFP Project 56 LLC (FFP 56) filed preliminary permit...

76 FR 4892 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIX, FFP Missouri 3, LLC, Allegheny 3 Hydro, LLC, Three Rivers Hydro...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-27

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 13740-000, 13749-000, 13775-000, 13781-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIX, FFP Missouri 3, LLC, Allegheny 3 Hydro, LLC, Three..., Pennsylvania.\\1\\ The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIX, for Project No. 13740-000, FFP...

76 FR 67169 - Solia 9 Hydroelectric LLC Riverbank Hydro No. 17 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI FFP Project 54...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14162-000; 14173-000; 14182-000; 14192-000] Solia 9 Hydroelectric LLC Riverbank Hydro No. 17 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLI... LLC (Solia), and Riverbank Hydro No. 17 LLC (Riverbank), and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund...

76 FR 6612 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Missouri 4, LLC; Allegheny 4 Hydro, LLC; Three Rivers Hydro, LLC...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13746-000; Project No. 13750-000; Project No. 13776-000; Project No. 13782-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Missouri 4..., LLC--Project No. 13750-000 3. Allegheny 4 Hydro, LLC--Project No. 13776-000 4. Lock+ Hydro Friends...

76 FR 67176 - Riverbank Hydro No. 13 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV, FFP Project 55 LLC; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14168-000, 14187-000 and 14199-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 13 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV, FFP Project 55 LLC; Notice of..., Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV (Lock Hydro), and FFP Project 55 LLC (FFP 55) filed preliminary permit...

76 FR 67167 - Riverbank Hydro No. 6 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLVII, FFP Project 52 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14172-000, 14178-000 and 14190-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 6 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLVII, FFP Project 52 LLC; Notice of..., Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLVII (Lock Hydro), and FFP Project 52 LLC (FFP 52) filed preliminary permit...

76 FR 67172 - Riverbank Hydro No. 8 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLIV FFP Project 51 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [14160-000; 14179-000; 14194-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 8 LLC Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLIV FFP Project 51 LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary... Applications On May 2, 2011, Riverbank Hydro No. 8 LLC (Riverbank), and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund...

75 FR 17706 - FPL Energy Maine Hydro LLC, Complainant v. Great Lakes Hydro America LLC Rumford Falls Hydro LLC...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL10-53-000] FPL Energy Maine Hydro LLC, Complainant v. Great Lakes Hydro America LLC Rumford Falls Hydro LLC, Respondents; Notice of Complaint March 29, 2010. Take notice that on March 26, 2010, pursuant to section 206 of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's (Commission...

77 FR 13317 - Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit Applications: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... Applications: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII; FFP Project 92, LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 24, LLC On February 28.... 14276-000. 2. Riverbank Hydro No. 24, LLC: Project No. 14280-000. 3. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII...

The Extreme Results of Climate Changes in Turkey: Sinkholes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Onursal Denli, G.; Denli, H. H.

2016-12-01

During the past few years a strange phenomenon has been increasingly observed all over the world. Residents of various places around the world have been taken aback to find sinkholes suddenly come up in their locality - sometimes involving fatalities. A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. The ground caves in all of a sudden, creating large holes in the ground and sometimes devouring whole buildings. Geologists have offered various theories for the natural causes of sinkholes such as the type of soil / rock giving way to rainwater and underground water. Other natural causes submitted by experts include heavy rainfall, global warming, underground gas explosions, etc. They can also occur from the over-pumping and extraction of groundwater and subsurface fluids. In Turkey, especially mid and south-east Anatolian regions have very arid soils. There is not sufficient rain and irrigation in these regions. Despite of using 75% of the fresh water for agriculture, old methods of irrigation causes wastefulness of water. Planless and randomly used water causes difficulties in agriculture. These regions are known as granary in the country. Because of drought, farmers use underground water with draw well unconsciously. At the result of underground water movement and withdrawal of water to surface, depression and very huge holes are occurred in the ground with tremendous noise. During the last two years dozens of sinkholes occurred in these regions in Turkey. Most of them are in the rural area, the others are also in center of the cities. Various sizes of holes scare the people living in these regions. In this study, sinkholes, which are occurred in different dimensions in central Anatolia region in the last years, are observed and the causes of these formations are examined. According to the reasons, suggestions to avoid these formations will be given respectively.

Numerical investigation of unsteady cavitation around a NACA 66 hydrofoil using OpenFOAM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hidalgo, V. H.; Luo, X. W.; Escaler, X.; Ji, J.; Aguinaga, A.

2014-03-01

The prediction and control of cavitation damage in pumps, propellers, hydro turbines and fluid machinery in general is necessary during the design stage. The present paper deals with a numerical investigation of unsteady cloud cavitation around a NACA 66 hydrofoil. The current study is focused on understanding the dynamic pressures generated during the cavity collapses as a fundamental characteristic in cavitation erosion. A 2D and 3D unsteady flow simulation has been carried out using OpenFOAM. Then, Paraview and Python programming language have been used to characterize dynamic pressure field. Adapted Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Zwart cavitation model have been implemented to improve the analysis of cloud motion and to visualize the bubble expansions. Additional results also confirm the correlation between cavity formation and generated pressures.

GLIDES – Efficient Energy Storage from ORNL

ScienceCinema

Momen, Ayyoub M.; Abu-Heiba, Ahmad; Odukomaiya, Wale; Akinina, Alla

2018-06-25

The research shown in this video features the GLIDES (Ground-Level Integrated Diverse Energy Storage) project, which has been under development at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2013. GLIDES can store energy via combined inputs of electricity and heat, and deliver dispatchable electricity. Supported by ORNL’s Laboratory Director’s Research and Development (LDRD) fund, this energy storage system is low-cost, and hybridizes compressed air and pumped-hydro approaches to allow for storage of intermittent renewable energy at high efficiency. A U.S. patent application for this novel energy storage concept has been submitted, and research findings suggest it has the potential to be a flexible, low-cost, scalable, high-efficiency option for energy storage, especially useful in residential and commercial buildings.

GLIDES – Efficient Energy Storage from ORNL

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Momen, Ayyoub M.; Abu-Heiba, Ahmad; Odukomaiya, Wale

2016-03-01

The research shown in this video features the GLIDES (Ground-Level Integrated Diverse Energy Storage) project, which has been under development at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) since 2013. GLIDES can store energy via combined inputs of electricity and heat, and deliver dispatchable electricity. Supported by ORNL’s Laboratory Director’s Research and Development (LDRD) fund, this energy storage system is low-cost, and hybridizes compressed air and pumped-hydro approaches to allow for storage of intermittent renewable energy at high efficiency. A U.S. patent application for this novel energy storage concept has been submitted, and research findings suggest it has the potential to bemore » a flexible, low-cost, scalable, high-efficiency option for energy storage, especially useful in residential and commercial buildings.« less

FLUIDIC: Metal Air Recharged

ScienceCinema

Friesen, Cody

2018-02-14

Fluidic, with the help of ARPA-E funding, has developed and deployed the world's first proven high cycle life metal air battery. Metal air technology, often used in smaller scale devices like hearing aids, has the lowest cost per electron of any rechargeable battery storage in existence. Deploying these batteries for grid reliability is competitive with pumped hydro installations while having the advantages of a small footprint. Fluidic's battery technology allows utilities and other end users to store intermittent energy generated from solar and wind, as well as maintain reliable electrical delivery during power outages. The batteries are manufactured in the US and currently deployed to customers in emerging markets for cell tower reliability. As they continue to add customers, they've gained experience and real world data that will soon be leveraged for US grid reliability.

International Collaboration Activities on Engineered Barrier Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jove-Colon, Carlos F.

The Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) within the DOE Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) program has been engaging in international collaborations between repository R&D programs for high-level waste (HLW) disposal to leverage on gathered knowledge and laboratory/field data of near- and far-field processes from experiments at underground research laboratories (URL). Heater test experiments at URLs provide a unique opportunity to mimetically study the thermal effects of heat-generating nuclear waste in subsurface repository environments. Various configurations of these experiments have been carried out at various URLs according to the disposal design concepts of the hosting country repository program. The FEBEX (Full-scale Engineeredmore » Barrier Experiment in Crystalline Host Rock) project is a large-scale heater test experiment originated by the Spanish radioactive waste management agency (Empresa Nacional de Residuos Radiactivos S.A. – ENRESA) at the Grimsel Test Site (GTS) URL in Switzerland. The project was subsequently managed by CIEMAT. FEBEX-DP is a concerted effort of various international partners working on the evaluation of sensor data and characterization of samples obtained during the course of this field test and subsequent dismantling. The main purpose of these field-scale experiments is to evaluate feasibility for creation of an engineered barrier system (EBS) with a horizontal configuration according to the Spanish concept of deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in crystalline rock. Another key aspect of this project is to improve the knowledge of coupled processes such as thermal-hydro-mechanical (THM) and thermal-hydro-chemical (THC) operating in the near-field environment. The focus of these is on model development and validation of predictions through model implementation in computational tools to simulate coupled THM and THC processes.« less

75 FR 14437 - North Eastern Wisconsin Hydro Inc. (N.E.W. Hydro); Notice of Intent To File License Application...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-25

... Wisconsin Hydro Inc. (N.E.W. Hydro); Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application..., Inc. (N.E.W. Hydro) e. Name of Project: Menominee/Park Mill Hydroelectric Project. f. Location: The..., (202) 502-6156 or by e-mail at [email protected] . j. N.E.W. Hydro filed its request to use the...

77 FR 77070 - Black Bear Hydro Partners, LLC;

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2727-086] Black Bear Hydro...: October 24, 2012. d. Submitted By: Black Bear Hydro Partners, LLC (Black Bear Hydro). e. Name of Project... designating Black Bear Hydro as the Commission's non-federal representative for carrying out informal...

78 FR 2985 - Moretown Hydro Energy Company; Ampersand Moretown Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-15

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 5944-021] Moretown Hydro Energy Company; Ampersand Moretown Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions To Intervene On September 25, 2012, Moretown Hydro Energy Company (transferor...

77 FR 26796 - HydroGenetics, Inc.; Order of Suspension of Trading

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-07

... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [File No. 500-1] HydroGenetics, Inc.; Order of Suspension of... and accurate information concerning the securities of HydroGenetics, Inc. (``HydroGenetics'') because... require a suspension of trading in the securities of HydroGenetics. Therefore, it is ordered, pursuant to...

2011 Groundwater Monitoring and Inspection Report Gnome-Coach Site, New Mexico

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2012-02-01

Gnome-Coach was the site of a 3-kiloton underground nuclear test in 1961. Surface and subsurface contamination resulted from the underground nuclear testing, post-test drilling, and groundwater tracer test performed at the site. The State of New Mexico is currently proceeding with a conditional certificate of completion for the surface. As for the subsurface, monitoring activities that include hydraulic head monitoring and groundwater sampling of the wells onsite are conducted as part of the annual site inspection. These activities were conducted on January 19, 2011. The site roads, monitoring well heads, and the monument at surface ground zero were observed asmore » being in good condition at the time of the site inspection. An evaluation of the hydraulic head data obtained from the site indicates that water levels in wells USGS-4 and USGS-8 appear to respond to the on/off cycling of the dedicated pump in well USGS-1 and that water levels in wells LRL-7 and DD-1 increased during this annual monitoring period. Analytical results obtained from the sampling indicate that concentrations of tritium, strontium-90, and cesium-137 were consistent with concentrations from historical sampling events.« less

78 FR 56224 - Hydro Nelson, Ltd.; Hydro-WM, LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-12

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 3401-049] Hydro Nelson, Ltd.; Hydro-WM, LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption 1. By documentation filed July 8, 2013 and supplemented on September 4, 2013, Hydro-WM, LLC informed the Commission that the exemption from licensing for the...

77 FR 9916 - Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14130-000; 14137-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 2, LLC; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The...+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVI for Project No. 14137-000. \\1\\ Under the Commission's Rules of Practice and...

76 FR 65720 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV, Riverbank Hydro No. 4, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-24

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14136-000; Project No. 14139-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV, Riverbank Hydro No. 4, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary... County, Wisconsin.\\1\\ The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV for Project No. 14136...

75 FR 61463 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 15, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-05

...+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 15, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit Applications..., 2010. On July 12, 2010, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVIII (Hydro Friends) and FFP Missouri 15, LLC (FFP... without the owners' express permission. Hydro Friends' proposed Lock and Dam 14 Hydropower Project...

Controlled induced recharge tests at Kalamazoo, Michigan

USGS Publications Warehouse

Deutsch, Morris

1962-01-01

This article discusses the results of a controlled field testing program, which indicated that definite hydraulic and other advantages may be gained from induced recharging as practiced at Kalamazoo, Michigan. Results include the following: water levels and artesian pressures can be maintained at high stages, the results are lower pumping lifts and substantial reductions in the amount of power used for pumping; the high water levels permit increased rates of withdrawal during periods of peak demand; encroachment of poor quality water from other aquifers is minimized; the surface water induced into the aquifer is filtered naturally through great thicknesses of earth materials; natural underground storage is used to conserve and protect water, which otherwise would flow largely to waste; and, significant supplemental benefits, including flood control, have been derived. The tests demonstrated that it is possible to manipulate the regimen of a complex hydrologic system for definite hydraulic benefits with predictable results. Furthermore with current methods, quantitative evaluations may be made of the effects of induced recharge. The results of the tests, therefore, are applicable in other areas of similar hydrogeologic environments.

Simulating the impact of water storage on agricultural intensification and deforestation in Northern Thailand

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gower, D.; Zeng, Z.; Caylor, K. K.; Wood, E. F.

2017-12-01

In the Nan province of Thailand, agriculture provides a livelihood for much of the population. In the province's lowlands, farmers grow rice, typically with access to irrigation from rivers draining the surrounding mountains. In the uplands, farmers grow rainfed maize, with very little irrigation. Soil erosion from these slopes quickly leads to soil degradation, decreasing yields and forcing farmers to cut down forests to create new farmland. Over the past decades, this practice has led to extensive deforestation throughout the uplands, including within the province's national parks. In response to these issues, the local administration has proposed building upland reservoirs that will provide farmers with greater access to irrigation water and allow them to intensify agricultural production, thus decreasing the need to expand into forested areas. Concerns have been raised, however, about the benefits of such plans as water may need to be pumped uphill from the reservoirs in some cases and soil erosion will remain a problem on the steepest slopes. Such concerns must be investigated before implementation to avoid wasting money on fruitless interventions. This project addresses the above concerns using an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate agricultural production and farmer decision-making in an upland catchment of the Nan province. Here we use HydroBlocks, a field scale land surface model, to simulate soil moisture and runoff at daily-30m resolution. These hydrological variables are integrated in an ABM framework to simulate agricultural production, reservoir capacity and farmer decision-making. As part of the framework, farmers may irrigate their crops using reservoir water but must pay pumping costs that depend on the location of their fields relative to the reservoir. At the end of each growing season, farmers sell their produce and may choose to plant the same crop on the same land, plant a different crop or clear more land for more crops. These decisions change the landscape, feeding back into the HydroBlocks model in subsequent years as changes to the land cover parameters. In this way, the model predicts the long-term impacts of reservoir construction on farmer livelihoods and forest cover in the province.

Simulation of ground-water flow and areas contributing recharge to extraction wells at the Drake Chemical Superfund Site, City of Lock Haven and Castanea Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schreffler, Curtis L.

2006-01-01

Extensive remediation of the Drake Chemical Superfund Site has been ongoing since 1983. Contaminated soils were excavated and incinerated on site between 1996 and 1999. After 1999, remedial efforts focused on contaminated ground water. A ground-water remediation system was started in November 2000. The source area of the contaminated ground water was assumed to be the zone 1 area on the Drake Chemical site. The remedial system was designed to capture ground water migrating from zone 1. Also, the remediation system was designed to pump and treat the water in an anoxic environment and re-infiltrate the treated water underground through an infiltration gallery that is hydrologically downgradient of the extraction wells. A numerical ground-water flow model of the surrounding region was constructed to simulate the areas contributing recharge to remedial extraction wells installed on the Drake Chemical site. The three-dimensional numerical flow model was calibrated using the parameter-estimation process in MODFLOW-2000. The model included three layers that represented three poorly sorted alluvial sediment units that were characterized from geologic well and boring logs. Steady-state ground-water flow was simulated to estimate the areas contributing recharge to three extraction wells for three different pumping scenarios--all wells pumping at 2 gallons per minute, at approximately 5 gallons per minute, and at 8 gallons per minute. Simulation results showed the contributing areas to the three extraction wells encompassed 92 percent of zone 1 at a pumping rate of approximately 5 gallons per minute. The contributing areas did not include a very small area in the southwestern part of zone 1 when the three extraction wells were pumped at approximately 5 gallons per minute. Pumping from a fourth extraction well in that area was discontinued early in the operation of the remediation system because the ground water in that area met performance standards. The areas contributing recharge to the three extraction wells did encompass zone 1 at a pumping rate of 8 gallons per minute. At pumping rates of 2 gallons per minute, the contributing areas for the three extraction wells did not encompass zone 1.

77 FR 13317 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XVIII, Upper Hydroelectric, LLC, FFP Project 95, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14261-000, 14268-000, 14277-000, 14281-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XVIII, Upper Hydroelectric, LLC, FFP Project 95, LLC.... Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XVIII: Project No. 14261-000. 2. Riverbank Hydro No. 25, LLC: Project No...

75 FR 49925 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-16

.... 13813-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit... August 9, 2010. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX (Hydro Friends) and FFP Missouri 14, LLC (FFP) filed...-station located south-west of the dam. Hydro Friends is also exploring alternatives that would locate the...

77 FR 10740 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII, FFP Project 92, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 24, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14262-000, 14276-000, 14280-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII, FFP Project 92, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 24, LLC; Notice... Counties, Kentucky. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII for Project No. 14262-000...

Canister, sealing method and composition for sealing a borehole

DOEpatents

Brown, Donald W [Los Alamos, NM; Wagh, Arun S [Orland Park, IL

2003-05-13

Canister, sealing method and composition for sealing a borehole. The canister includes a container with slurry inside the container, one or more slurry exits at one end of the container, a pump at the other end of the container, and a piston inside that pushes the slurry though the slurry exit(s), out of the container, and into a borehole. An inflatable packer outside the container provides stabilization in the borehole. A borehole sealing material is made by combining an oxide or hydroxide and a phosphate with water to form a slurry which then sets to form a high strength, minimally porous material which binds well to itself, underground formations, steel and ceramics.

75 FR 71104 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Missouri 7, LLC; Dashields Hydro, LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-22

.... 13735-000; Project No. 13756-000; Project No. 13779-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Missouri 7... Soliciting Comments, and Motions To Intervene November 15, 2010. On May 18, 2010, Lock Hydro Friends Fund.... Descriptions of the proposed Dashields Lock and Dam Projects: Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXV's project (Project...

77 FR 10741 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII, BOST2, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 21, LLC, FFP Project 96, LLC...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14260-000, 14264-000, 14267-000, 14273-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII, BOST2, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No. 21, LLC, FFP Project... Greene and Hale counties, Alabama. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII for...

76 FR 73614 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund XII; BOST2 LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 21 LLC; FFP Project 96 LLC; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14260-000; 14264-000; 14267-000; 14273-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund XII; BOST2 LLC; Riverbank Hydro No. 21 LLC; FFP Project 96..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On September 1, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XII (Lock...

78 FR 57796 - Safety Zone; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Atlantic Ocean, Islamorada, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-20

... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Atlantic Ocean, Islamorada, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... waters of the Atlantic Ocean, Islamorada, Florida during the Pro Hydro- X Tour. The Pro Hydro-X Tour is a... course for each race. The Pro Hydro-X Tour is scheduled to take place on September 20, 21, and 22, 2013...

Suspended Sediment Dynamics in the Macrotidal Seine Estuary (France): 1. Numerical Modeling of Turbidity Maximum Dynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grasso, F.; Verney, R.; Le Hir, P.; Thouvenin, B.; Schulz, E.; Kervella, Y.; Khojasteh Pour Fard, I.; Lemoine, J.-P.; Dumas, F.; Garnier, V.

2018-01-01

Tidal pumping, baroclinic circulation, and vertical mixing are known to be the main mechanisms responsible for the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) formation. However, the influence of hydro-meteorological conditions on ETM dynamics is still not properly grasped and requires further investigation to be quantified. Based on a realistic three-dimensional numerical model of the macrotidal Seine Estuary (France) that accounts for mud and sand transport processes, the objective of this study is to quantify the influence of the main forcing (river flow, tides, and waves) on the ETM location and mass changes. As expected, the ETM location is strongly modulated by semidiurnal tidal cycles and fortnightly time scales with a high sensitivity to river flow variations. The ETM mass is clearly driven by the tidal range, characteristic of the tidal pumping mechanism. However, it is not significantly affected by the river flow. Energetic wave conditions substantially influence the ETM mass by contributing up to 44% of the maximum mass observed during spring tides and by increasing the mass by a factor of 3 during mean tides compared to calm wave conditions. This means that neglecting wave forcing can result in significantly underestimating the ETM mass in estuarine environments. In addition, neap-to-spring phasing has a strong influence on ETM location and mass through a hysteresis response associated with the delay for tidal pumping and stratification to fully develop. Finally, simulations show that the uppermost limit of the Seine ETM location did not change notably during the last 35 years; however, the seaward limit migrated few kilometers upstream.

Application of pulsed field gradient NMR techniques for investigating binding of flavor compounds to macromolecules.

PubMed

Jung, Da-Mi; De Ropp, Jeffrey S; Ebeler, Susan E

2002-07-17

Two diffusion-based NMR techniques are presented and used to investigate the binding of selected flavor compounds to macromolecules. A pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG-NMR) method was applied to measure the apparent diffusion coefficients of four alkanone compounds as they associated with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The change in the apparent diffusion coefficient as a function of the BSA/alkanone ratio was fitted to yield binding constants (K(a)()) and binding stoichiometry (n) for each alkanone. The results showed that the apparent diffusion coefficients of alkanones increased with a decrease in the BSA/alkanone ratios, and the measured values of K(a)() and n were comparable with those obtained with other methods and depended on the alkanone structure. A diffusion-based nuclear Overhauser effect (called diffusion NOE pumping) method was also applied to screen mixtures of flavor compounds and identify those that have a binding affinity to complex macromolecules. Using this technique benzaldehyde and vanillin were observed to bind with bovine serum albumin, whereas 2-phenylethanol was identified as a nonbinding or weakly binding ligand with BSA. The diffusion NOE pumping method was also applied to a hydro alcoholic solution of cacao bean tannin extracts to which a mixture of ethylbenzoate, benzaldehyde, and 2-phenylethanol was added. The diffusion NOE pumping technique clearly indicated that ethylbenzoate had a stronger binding affinity to the polymeric (-)-epicatechin units of the cacao bean tannin extracts than the other two flavor compounds. The results successfully demonstrate the potential applications of diffusion-based NMR techniques for studying flavors and nonvolatile food matrix interactions.

76 FR 67177 - Riverbank Hydro No. 18 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXV, FFP Project 57 LLC; Notice of Competing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

...-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 18 LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XXXV, FFP Project 57 LLC; Notice of Competing... Competing Applications On May 2, 2011, Riverbank Hydro No. 18 LLC (Riverbank), and on May 3, 2011, Lock... notice. Competing applications and notices of intent must meet the requirements of 18 CFR 4.36. Comments...

78 FR 22808 - Special Local Regulations; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Lake Dora; Tavares, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-17

...-AA08 Special Local Regulations; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Lake Dora; Tavares, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... regulation on the waters on Lake Dora in Tavares, Florida during the Pro Hydro-X Tour, a series of high-speed... Hydro-X Tour, a series of high-speed personal watercraft races. The Pro Hydro-X Tour will be held on...

Integrating hydrologic modeling web services with online data sharing to prepare, store, and execute models in hydrology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gan, T.; Tarboton, D. G.; Dash, P. K.; Gichamo, T.; Horsburgh, J. S.

2017-12-01

Web based apps, web services and online data and model sharing technology are becoming increasingly available to support research. This promises benefits in terms of collaboration, platform independence, transparency and reproducibility of modeling workflows and results. However, challenges still exist in real application of these capabilities and the programming skills researchers need to use them. In this research we combined hydrologic modeling web services with an online data and model sharing system to develop functionality to support reproducible hydrologic modeling work. We used HydroDS, a system that provides web services for input data preparation and execution of a snowmelt model, and HydroShare, a hydrologic information system that supports the sharing of hydrologic data, model and analysis tools. To make the web services easy to use, we developed a HydroShare app (based on the Tethys platform) to serve as a browser based user interface for HydroDS. In this integration, HydroDS receives web requests from the HydroShare app to process the data and execute the model. HydroShare supports storage and sharing of the results generated by HydroDS web services. The snowmelt modeling example served as a use case to test and evaluate this approach. We show that, after the integration, users can prepare model inputs or execute the model through the web user interface of the HydroShare app without writing program code. The model input/output files and metadata describing the model instance are stored and shared in HydroShare. These files include a Python script that is automatically generated by the HydroShare app to document and reproduce the model input preparation workflow. Once stored in HydroShare, inputs and results can be shared with other users, or published so that other users can directly discover, repeat or modify the modeling work. This approach provides a collaborative environment that integrates hydrologic web services with a data and model sharing system to enable model development and execution. The entire system comprised of the HydroShare app, HydroShare and HydroDS web services is open source and contributes to capability for web based modeling research.

[Study on the variation of arsenic concentration in groundwater and chemical characteristics of arsenic in sediment cores at the areas with endemic arsenic poison disease in Jianghan Plain].

PubMed

Zhou, Suhua; Ye, Hengpeng; Li, Mingjian; Xiong, Peisheng; Du, Dongyun; Wang, Jingwen

2015-06-01

To understand the variation of arsenic concentration in underground water at the endemic arsenic poison disease area of Jianghan Plain so as to better understand the spatial distribution of high arsenic groundwater, hydro-chemical evolution and source of arsenic in this region. Thirty underground water samples were collected respectively around 3 km radius of the two houses where arsenic poisoning patients lived, in Xiantao and Honghu. Sediment cores of three drillings were collected as well. Both paired t-test or paired Wilcoxon Signed Ranking Test were used to compare the arsenic concentration of water. The arsenic concentration in 2011-2012 appeared lower than that in 2006-2007 at the Nanhong village of Xiantao (t = 4.645 3, P < 0.000 1), but was higher (S = -150, P < 0.000 1) in the Yaohe village of Honghu. The pH value showed weak acidity with Eh as weak oxidated. Positive correlations were observed between arsenic concentration and Cl, HCO3(-), Fe, Mn. However, negative correlations were found between As and SO4(2-), NO3(-). The range of arsenic content in the sediment was 1.500 mg/kg to 17.289 mg/kg. The maximum arsenic content existed in the soil layer, while the minimum arsenic content existed in the sand layer. The concentration of arsenic varied widely with time and space at endemic arsenic poison disease area of Jianghan Plain. Characteristics of these water chemicals showed significant differences, when compared to the groundwater from Datong Basin, Shanxi Shanyin and Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia, which presented a typical environment with high arsenic contents in the groundwater. The arsenic content in the sediment samples seemed related to the lithologic structure.

Electrodeposition to construct free-standing chitosan/layered double hydroxides hydro-membrane for electrically triggered protein release.

PubMed

Zhao, Pengkun; Zhao, Yanan; Xiao, Ling; Deng, Hongbing; Du, Yumin; Chen, Yun; Shi, Xiaowen

2017-10-01

In this study, we report the electrodeposition of a chitosan/layered double hydroxides (LDHs) hydro-membrane for protein release triggered by an electrical signal. The electrodeposition was performed in a chitosan and insulin loaded LDHs suspension in the absence of salt. A free-standing chitosan/LDHs hydro-membrane was generated on the electrode with improved mechanical properties, which is dramatically different from the weak hydrogel deposited in the presence of salt. The amount of LDHs in the hydro-membrane affects the optical transmittance and multilayered structure of the hybrid membrane. Compared to the weak chitosan/LDHs hydrogel, the hydro-membrane has a higher insulin loading capacity and the release of insulin is relatively slow. By biasing electrical potentials to the hydro-membrane, the release behavior of insulin can be adjusted accordingly. In addition, the chitosan/LDHs hydro-membrane showed no toxicity to cells. Our results provide a facile method to construct a chitosan/LDHs hybrid multilayered hydro-membrane and suggest the great potential of the hydro-membrane in controlled protein release. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Simulation model for wind energy storage systems. Volume II. Operation manual. [SIMWEST code

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Warren, A.W.; Edsinger, R.W.; Burroughs, J.D.

1977-08-01

The effort developed a comprehensive computer program for the modeling of wind energy/storage systems utilizing any combination of five types of storage (pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel and pneumatic). An acronym for the program is SIMWEST (Simulation Model for Wind Energy Storage). The level of detail of SIMWEST is consistent with a role of evaluating the economic feasibility as well as the general performance of wind energy systems. The software package consists of two basic programs and a library of system, environmental, and load components. Volume II, the SIMWEST operation manual, describes the usage of the SIMWEST program, the designmore » of the library components, and a number of simple example simulations intended to familiarize the user with the program's operation. Volume II also contains a listing of each SIMWEST library subroutine.« less

Self-potential method for characterizing streaming flows in the saturated and vadose zones: state of the art and limitations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sailhac, P.

2005-12-01

Self-Potential (SP) method is sensitive not only to the water content, but, above all, to flow velocities within the underground porous medium. So it can be considered as a crucial help in hydrogeophysics. This is underlined by the so-called electrokinetic coupling and has been early used in geophysics (e.g. Bogoslovsky and Ogilvy, 1970) and hydrology (Abaza and Clyde 1969). During the last decade, both experimental and theoretical progresses have moved ahead SP to provide quantitative flow parameters. Now SP time and/or spatial variations can be used to monitor water fluxes during infiltration (e.g. Thony et al. 1997, Doussan et al. 2002, Darnet & Marquis 2004), seepage (Titov et al. 2000), or pumping (e.g. Fagerlund & Heinson 2003, Darnet et al. 2003, Revil et al. 2003). In order that SP is used by a larger community, it would be useful to recall the fundamentals, to review recent interpretation techniques in a simple framework and to precise their limitations. First considering flows in the saturated zone and a pumping experiment, I will show different interpretation techniques that are based upon Green function decompositions (e.g. wavelets, COP tomography of Patella, and iso-α line of Revil et al.). Classical application of theses techniques is underlined by the assumption of a constant electrical conductivity medium that involves uncertainty and bias in quantitative flow parameter estimates. For instance, the diffusive effect of a conductive shallow layer tends to increase the apparent depth of an underground flow source or sink. To correct this problem, one can use Green functions of a tabular medium in the COP tomography. In the complex case of unsaturated zone, the hydraulic and electric conductivities are depending on the water content. We will discuss on different soil models and different experiments that can be used for the monitoring of the infiltration and the characterisation of the soil hydraulic parameters.

Operational water management of Rijnland water system and pilot of ensemble forecasting system for flood control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

van der Zwan, Rene

2013-04-01

The Rijnland water system is situated in the western part of the Netherlands, and is a low-lying area of which 90% is below sea-level. The area covers 1,100 square kilometres, where 1.3 million people live, work, travel and enjoy leisure. The District Water Control Board of Rijnland is responsible for flood defence, water quantity and quality management. This includes design and maintenance of flood defence structures, control of regulating structures for an adequate water level management, and waste water treatment. For water quantity management Rijnland uses, besides an online monitoring network for collecting water level and precipitation data, a real time control decision support system. This decision support system consists of deterministic hydro-meteorological forecasts with a 24-hr forecast horizon, coupled with a control module that provides optimal operation schedules for the storage basin pumping stations. The uncertainty of the rainfall forecast is not forwarded in the hydrological prediction. At this moment 65% of the pumping capacity of the storage basin pumping stations can be automatically controlled by the decision control system. Within 5 years, after renovation of two other pumping stations, the total capacity of 200 m3/s will be automatically controlled. In critical conditions there is a need of both a longer forecast horizon and a probabilistic forecast. Therefore ensemble precipitation forecasts of the ECMWF are already consulted off-line during dry-spells, and Rijnland is running a pilot operational system providing 10-day water level ensemble forecasts. The use of EPS during dry-spells and the findings of the pilot will be presented. Challenges and next steps towards on-line implementation of ensemble forecasts for risk-based operational management of the Rijnland water system will be discussed. An important element in that discussion is the question: will policy and decision makers, operator and citizens adapt this Anticipatory Water management, including temporary lower storage basin levels and a reduction in extra investments for infrastructural measures.

76 FR 67174 - Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp., Riverbank Hydro No. 9 LLC, Solia 3 Hydroelectric LLC, Lock...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-31

... Hydroelectric LLC, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLV, FFP Project 2 LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit... (Riverbank) and Solia 3 Hydroelectric LLC (Solia) and on May 3, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLV (Lock Hydro...

Coalmines as Underground Pumped Storage Power Plants (UPP) - A Contribution to a Sustainable Energy Supply?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luick, H.; Niemann, A.; Perau, E.; Schreiber, U.

2012-04-01

In Europe, electrical power generation from renewable energy sources rose by about 50% in the last 20 years. In Germany, renewable electricity is mainly provided by wind power and photovoltaic. Energy output depends on weather conditions like wind speed or solar radiation and may therefore vary considerably. Rapid fluctuations in power generation already require regulation of conventional power plants by the distribution network operators to stabilize and ensure grid frequency and overall system stability. In order to avoid future blackouts caused by intermittent energy sources, it is necessary to increase the storage capacity for electric power. Theoretically, there are many technologies for storing energy, like accumulators, hydrogen storage systems, biomethane facilities (hydrocarbon synthesis) or compressed air storage. Only a few technologies combine sufficient capacity, fast response, high efficiency, low storage loss and long-term application experience. A pumped storage power plant (PSPP) is a state of the art technology which combines all of these aspects. Energy is stored in form of potential energy by pumping water to an upper reservoir in times of energy surplus or low energy costs. In times of insufficient power supply or high energy costs, the water is released through turbines to produce electric energy. The efficiency of state-of-the-art systems is about 70-80%. The total head (geodetic height between upper and lower reservoirs) and the storage capacity of the reservoirs as given in a mountainous terrain, determine the energy storage capacity of a PSPP. An alternative is the use of man-made geodetic height differences as given in ore, coal or open cast lignite mines. In these cases, the lower reservoir of the plant is located in the drifts or at the bottom of the mine. Energieforschungszentrum Niedersachsen (EFZN) has already explored the installation of a PSPP in abandoned ore mines in the Harz-region/Germany (Beck 2011). In 2011/2012 a basic research project, funded by Mercator Research Center Ruhr has been performed to investigate the field of application of coal mines for underground pumped storage plants (UPP). In further research, in co-operation with the Ruhrkohle AG coal mines in the Ruhr Area will be investigated (Niemann, 2011). The coal mine "Prosper-Haniel" is located in the northern part of the Ruhr Area and shafts have a maximum depth of 1,159 m. It will be closed in 2018. In principal two different designs had been investigated (Luick 2011). The first is a closed system in which water circulates isolated from surrounding groundwater in drifts and shafts supported by casings. The second one is an open system, with a varying groundwater table at a defined depth. Problems resulting from this are the stability of the surrounding rock, its porosity and fissurization, composition of mine waters, the necessity of new drifts and shafts or the upgrading of old ones. In addition, the configuration and arrangement of turbines, pumps and ventilation shafts play an important role. The presentation gives an outline towards problems and challenges which have to be solved in order to establish an innovative contribution for future energy storage.

Education & Collection Facility GSHP Demonstration Project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Joplin, Jeff

The Denver Museum of Nature & Science (DMNS) designed and implemented an innovative ground source heat pump (GSHP) system for heating and cooling its new Education and Collection Facility (ECF) building addition. The project goal was to successfully design and install an open-loop GSHP system that utilized water circulating within an underground municipal recycled (non-potable) water system as the heat sink/source as a demonstration project. The expected results were to significantly reduce traditional GSHP installation costs while increasing system efficiency, reduce building energy consumption, require significantly less area and capital to install, and be economically implemented wherever access to amore » recycled water system is available. The project added to the understanding of GSHP technology by implementing the first GSHP system in the United States utilizing a municipal recycled water system as a heat sink/source. The use of this fluid through a GSHP system has not been previously documented. This use application presents a new opportunity for local municipalities to develop and expand the use of underground municipal recycled (non-potable) water systems. The installation costs for this type of technology in the building structure would be a cost savings over traditional GSHP costs, provided the local municipal infrastructure was developed. Additionally, the GSHP system functions as a viable method of heat sink/source as the thermal characteristics of the fluid are generally consistent throughout the year and are efficiently exchanged through the GSHP system and its components. The use of the recycled water system reduces the area required for bore or loop fields; therefore, presenting an application for building structures that have little to no available land use or access. This GSHP application demonstrates the viability of underground municipal recycled (non-potable) water systems as technically achievable, environmentally supportive, and an efficient system.« less

75 FR 48664 - Turnbull Hydro, LLC; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-11

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 12597-021; Project No. 12598-019] Turnbull Hydro, LLC; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment August 4, 2010. In... Register [FR] 47897), the Office of Energy Projects has reviewed Turnbull Hydro, LLC's (Turnbull Hydro's...

77 FR 55466 - Barren River Lake Hydro LLC; Notice Soliciting Scoping Comments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13022-003] Barren River Lake Hydro LLC; Notice Soliciting Scoping Comments Take notice that the following hydroelectric..., 2012. d. Applicant: Barren River Lake Hydro LLC (Barren River Hydro). e. Name of Project: Barren River...

76 FR 36533 - Bangor Hydro Electric Company; Notice of Request for Waiver

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-22

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. TS11-5-000] Bangor Hydro...(d) of the Commission's regulations, 18 CFR 358.1(d) (2011), Bangor Hydro Electric Company (Bangor Hydro) requests a limited waiver of Part 358 of the Commission's Regulations, Standards of Conduct for...

78 FR 938 - Burton Creek Hydro Inc., Sollos Energy, LLC'

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-07

... Hydro Inc., Sollos Energy, LLC' Notice of Transfer of Exemption 1. By letter filed December 19, 2012, Burton Creek Hydro Inc. informed the Commission that its exemption from licensing for the Burton Creek Hydro Project, FERC No. 7577, originally issued September 25, 1985,\\1\\ has been transferred to Sollos...

Unique Approach to Hydraulic Characterization at an Underground Lab

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jones, T. L.; Wang, J. S.

2009-12-01

The Sanford Underground Laboratory is the interim lab for the future federally funded DUSEL (Deep Underground Science and Engineering Lab). The Sanford Lab took over the abandoned Homestake mine in Lead, SD. Over three hundred miles of drift, extending 8,000 feet below the surface, are now being used to house experiments in disciplines including physics, geology, and biology. The lab is situated in Precambrian metamorphic rocks intersected by Tertiary dike swarms. Three relevant geologic units are defined within the Precambrian rock system; all of which are interpreted to be metamorphosed igneous and sedimentary deposits. The Sanford Lab provides a unique environment to study several aspects of hydrogeology and hydrology; including geochemistry, hydraulic systems in fractured aquifers, and fluvial activity within mine workings. Aquifer characteristics housing the mine workings’ is important to define for future and present research at the underground lab. Outlined here is a unique approach to defining the matrix porosity within the fractured aquifer system. The Homestake mine was abandoned and the pump system keeping the mine dry was turned off in 2003. Over the course of the next five years the water level rose 3470 feet. Oxidation of iron from the water left a red staining on the submerged rocks. Hydrological observations are conducted on different levels throughout the Homestake facility as the water levels are lowered. Isolated air pockets and long stretches of unstained areas along the roof of drifts have been observed, together with less frequent occurrences of seepages. These observations are documented to supplement hydrological monitoring and testing with sensors. The sizes and widths of the trapped air pockets are indications of low permeability values and can be used to estimate the degree of heterogeneity along drifts. It is noted that sections of long stretches of trapped air have more delayed drainages, consistent with low effective permeability values for the metamorphic rocks. The air pockets reveal a distinctive difference in size between the geologic units; the average size of the air pockets associated with different geologic units differs by an order of magnitude. The infrequent seepage observations are also consistent with the hydrological setting of this facility with low inflow rates.

75 FR 11150 - Free Flow Power Qualified Hydro 23, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

... Qualified Hydro 23, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting... Power Qualified Hydro 23, LLC (FFP Qualified Hydro 23) filed an application for a preliminary permit... new 2.6-mile- long, 23-kilovolt transmission line; and (5) appurtenant facilities. The proposed...

77 FR 55212 - North Star Hydro Services CA, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14379-000] North Star Hydro..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On March 30, 2012, North Star Hydro Services CA, LLC... approximately 3.8 gigawatthours. Applicant Contact: David Holland, North Star Hydro Services CA, LLC, 1110 West...

77 FR 55212 - North Star Hydro Services CA, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14399-000] North Star Hydro..., Motions to Intervene, and Competing Applications On March 30, 2012, North Star Hydro Services CA, LLC... output would be approximately 4.6 gigawatthours. Applicant Contact: David Holland, North Star Hydro...

78 FR 48670 - Rivermill Hydroelectric, Inc., New Hampshire Hydro Associates; Notice of Transfer of Exemption

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

... Hydroelectric, Inc., New Hampshire Hydro Associates; Notice of Transfer of Exemption August 5, 2013. 1. By letter filed July 19, 2013, Rivermill Hydroelectric, Inc. and New Hampshire Hydro Associates informed the... issued September 21, 1988,\\2\\ has been transferred to New Hampshire Hydro Associates. The project is...

77 FR 29630 - Qualified Hydro 24, LLC; Notice of Scoping Meetings and Environmental Site Review and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13843-001] Qualified Hydro... No.: 13843-001. c. Date filed: January 3, 2012. d. Applicant: Qualified Hydro 24, LLC. [[Page 29631...: Ramya Swaminathan, Qualified Hydro 24, LLC, 239 Causeway Street, Suite 300, Boston, MA 02114; (978) 283...

77 FR 10740 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XVIII, Upper Hydroelectric, LLC, FFP Project 95, LLC, Riverbank Hydro No...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14261-000, 14268-000, 14277-000, 14281-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XVIII, Upper Hydroelectric, LLC, FFP Project 95, LLC...-Tombigbee Waterway in Lowndes County, Mississippi. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund...

HydroViz: A web-based hydrologic observatory for enhancing hydrology and earth-science education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Habib, E. H.; Ma, Y.; Williams, D.

2010-12-01

The main goal of this study is to develop a virtual hydrologic observatory (HydroViz) that integrates hydrologic field observations with numerical simulations by taking advantage of advances in hydrologic field & remote sensing data, computer modeling, scientific visualization, and web resources and internet accessibility. The HydroViz system is a web-based teaching tool that can run on any web browsers. It leverages the strength of Google Earth to provide authentic and hands-on activities to improve learning. Evaluation of the HydroViz was performed in three engineering courses (a senior level course and two Introductory courses at two different universities). Evaluation results indicate that HydroViz provides an improvement over existing engineering hydrology curriculum. HydroViz was effective in facilitating students’ learning and understanding of hydrologic concepts & increasing related skills. HydroViz was much more effective for students in engineering hydrology classes rather than at the freshmen introduction to civil engineering class. We found that HydroViz has great potential for freshmen audience. Even though HydroViz was challenging to some freshmen, most of them still learned the key concepts and the tool increased the enthusiasm for half of the freshmen. The evaluation provided suggestions to create a simplified version of HydroViz for freshmen-level courses students. It identified concepts and tasks that might be too challenging or irrelevant to the freshmen and areas where we could provide more guidance in the tool. After the first round of evaluation, the development team has made significant improvements to HydroViz, which would further improve its effectiveness for next round of class applications which is planned for the Fall of 2010 to take place in 5 classes at 4 different institutions.

Pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of liposomal hydromorphone suitable for perioperative use in rhesus macaques

PubMed Central

KuKanich, Butch; Schmidt, Brynn; Heath, Timothy D.; Brown, Carolyn

2011-01-01

Introduction This study aims to evaluate the pharmacokinetic, behavioral, and motor effects of a liposomal preparation of hydromorphone hydrochloride (LE-hydro) in rhesus monkeys. We administered either 2 mg/kg of LE-hydro (n=8) subcutaneous (s.c.) or 0.1 mg/kg of standard pharmaceutical hydromorphone HCl (hydro) preparation either intravenous (i.v.; n=4) or s.c. (n=5). Materials and methods Serial blood samples were drawn after injection and analyzed for serum hydro concentration by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Following s.c. injection of 0.1 mg/kg hydro or 2 mg/kg LE-hydro, behavioral evaluations were conducted in groups of rhesus monkeys (n=10/group) in the presence of a compatible stimulus animal and motor skills were also evaluated (n=10/group). The motor skills test consisted of removing a food reward (carrot ring) from either a straight peg (simple task) or a curved peg (difficult task). Results LE-hydro (MRT0-INF = 105.9 h) demonstrated extended-release pharmacokinetics compared to hydro when administered by either i.v. (MRT0-INF =1.1 h) or s.c. (MRT0-INF =1.3 h) routes. Hydro did not affect motor performance of the simpler task, but the monkeys’ performance deteriorated on the more difficult task at 0.5 and 1 h after injection. LE-hydro had no effect on motor skills in either the simpler or more difficult task. Conclusions The results of these studies indicate that LE-hydro has a pharmacokinetic and behavioral side effects profile consistent with an analgesic that could be tested for surgical use in animals. Our studies also expand the use of rhesus monkeys as a translational behavioral pharmacodynamics model for testing extended-release opioid medication. PMID:21404039

HydroViz: evaluation of a web-based tool for improving hydrology education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Habib, E.; Ma, Y.; Williams, D.; Sharif, H.; Hossain, F.

2012-02-01

HydroViz is a web-based, student-centered, highly visual educational tool designed to support active learning in the field of Engineering Hydrology. The development of HydroViz is informed by recent advances in hydrologic data, numerical simulations, visualization and web-based technologies. An evaluation study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of HydroViz, to examine the buy-in of the program, and to identify project components that need to be improved. A total of 182 students from seven freshmen and junior-/senior-level undergraduate classes in three universities participated in the study over the course of two semesters (spring 2010 and fall 2010). Data sources included homework assignments, online surveys, and informal interviews with students. Descriptive statistics were calculated for homework and the survey. Qualitative analysis of students' comments and informal interview notes were also conducted to identify ideas and patterns. HydroViz was effective in facilitating students' learning and understanding of hydrologic concepts and increasing related skills. Students had positive perceptions of various features of HydroViz and they believe that HydroViz fits well in the curriculum. The experience with HydroViz was somewhat effective in raising freshmen civil engineering students' interest in hydrology. In general, HydroViz tend to be more effective with students in junior- or senior-level classes than students in freshmen classes. There does not seem to be obvious differences between different universities. Students identified some issues that can be addressed to improve HydroViz. Future adaptation and expansion studies are under planning to scale-up the application and utility of HydroViz into various hydrology and water-resource engineering curriculum settings.

Evaluation of snow and frozen soil parameterization in a cryosphere land surface modeling framework in the Tibetan Plateau

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, J.

2017-12-01

Snow and frozen soil are important components in the Tibetan Plateau, and influence the water cycle and energy balances through snowpack accumulation and melt and soil freeze-thaw. In this study, a new cryosphere land surface model (LSM) with coupled snow and frozen soil parameterization was developed based on a hydrologically improved LSM (HydroSiB2). First, an energy-balance-based three-layer snow model was incorporated into HydroSiB2 (hereafter HydroSiB2-S) to provide an improved description of the internal processes of the snow pack. Second, a universal and simplified soil model was coupled with HydroSiB2-S to depict soil water freezing and thawing (hereafter HydroSiB2-SF). In order to avoid the instability caused by the uncertainty in estimating water phase changes, enthalpy was adopted as a prognostic variable instead of snow/soil temperature in the energy balance equation of the snow/frozen soil module. The newly developed models were then carefully evaluated at two typical sites of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) (one snow covered and the other snow free, both with underlying frozen soil). At the snow-covered site in northeastern TP (DY), HydroSiB2-SF demonstrated significant improvements over HydroSiB2-F (same as HydroSiB2-SF but using the original single-layer snow module of HydroSiB2), showing the importance of snow internal processes in three-layer snow parameterization. At the snow-free site in southwestern TP (Ngari), HydroSiB2-SF reasonably simulated soil water phase changes while HydroSiB2-S did not, indicating the crucial role of frozen soil parameterization in depicting the soil thermal and water dynamics. Finally, HydroSiB2-SF proved to be capable of simulating upward moisture fluxes toward the freezing front from the underlying soil layers in winter.

Development of a land surface model with coupled snow and frozen soil physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Lei; Zhou, Jing; Qi, Jia; Sun, Litao; Yang, Kun; Tian, Lide; Lin, Yanluan; Liu, Wenbin; Shrestha, Maheswor; Xue, Yongkang; Koike, Toshio; Ma, Yaoming; Li, Xiuping; Chen, Yingying; Chen, Deliang; Piao, Shilong; Lu, Hui

2017-06-01

Snow and frozen soil are important factors that influence terrestrial water and energy balances through snowpack accumulation and melt and soil freeze-thaw. In this study, a new land surface model (LSM) with coupled snow and frozen soil physics was developed based on a hydrologically improved LSM (HydroSiB2). First, an energy-balance-based three-layer snow model was incorporated into HydroSiB2 (hereafter HydroSiB2-S) to provide an improved description of the internal processes of the snow pack. Second, a universal and simplified soil model was coupled with HydroSiB2-S to depict soil water freezing and thawing (hereafter HydroSiB2-SF). In order to avoid the instability caused by the uncertainty in estimating water phase changes, enthalpy was adopted as a prognostic variable instead of snow/soil temperature in the energy balance equation of the snow/frozen soil module. The newly developed models were then carefully evaluated at two typical sites of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) (one snow covered and the other snow free, both with underlying frozen soil). At the snow-covered site in northeastern TP (DY), HydroSiB2-SF demonstrated significant improvements over HydroSiB2-F (same as HydroSiB2-SF but using the original single-layer snow module of HydroSiB2), showing the importance of snow internal processes in three-layer snow parameterization. At the snow-free site in southwestern TP (Ngari), HydroSiB2-SF reasonably simulated soil water phase changes while HydroSiB2-S did not, indicating the crucial role of frozen soil parameterization in depicting the soil thermal and water dynamics. Finally, HydroSiB2-SF proved to be capable of simulating upward moisture fluxes toward the freezing front from the underlying soil layers in winter.

Restoring coastal wetlands that were ditched for mosquito control: a preliminary assessment of hydro-leveling as a restoration technique

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, Thomas J.; Tiling, Ginger; Leasure, Pamela S.

2007-01-01

The wetlands surrounding Tampa Bay, Florida were extensively ditched for mosquito control in the 1950s. Spoil from ditch construction was placed adjacent to the wetlands ditches creating mound-like features (spoil-mounds). These mounds represent a loss of 14% of the wetland area in Tampa Bay. Spoil mounds interfere with tidal flow and are locations for non-native plants to colonize (e.g., Schinus terebinthifolius). Removal of the spoil mounds to eliminate exotic plants, restore native vegetation, and re-establish natural hydrology is a restoration priority for environmental managers. Hydro-leveling, a new technique, was tested in a mangrove forest restoration project in 2004. Hydro-leveling uses a high pressure stream of water to wash sediment from the spoil mound into the adjacent wetland and ditch. To assess the effectiveness of this technique, we conducted vegetation surveys in areas that were hydro-leveled and in non-hydro-leveled areas 3 years post-project. Adult Schinus were reduced but not eliminated from hydro-leveled mounds. Schinus seedlings however were absent from hydro-leveled sites. Colonization by native species was sparse. Mangrove seedlings were essentially absent (≈2 m−2) from the centers of hydro-leveled mounds and were in low density on their edges (17 m−2) in comparison to surrounding mangrove forests (105 m−2). Hydro-leveling resulted in mortality of mangroves adjacent to the mounds being leveled. This was probably caused by burial of pneumatophores during the hydro-leveling process. For hydro-leveling to be a useful and successful restoration technique several requirements must be met. Spoil mounds must be lowered to the level of the surrounding wetlands. Spoil must be distributed further into the adjacent wetland to prevent burial of nearby native vegetation. Finally, native species may need to be planted on hydro-leveled areas to speed up the re-vegetation process.

Particle-tracking analysis of contributing areas of public-supply wells in simple and complex flow systems, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

USGS Publications Warehouse

Barlow, P.M.

1994-01-01

Steady-state, two-and three-dimensional, ground-water flow models coupled with a particle- tracking program were evaluated to determine their effectiveness in delineating contributing areas of existing and hypothetical public-supply wells pumping from two contrasting stratified-drift aquifers of Cape Cod, Mass. Several of the contri- buting areas delineated by use of the three- dimensional models do not conform to simple ellipsoidal shapes that are typically delineated by use of a two-dimensional analytical and numerical modeling techniques, include dis- continuous areas of the water table, and do not surround the wells. Because two-dimensional areal models do not account for vertical flow, they cannot adequately represent many of the hydro- geologic and well-design variables that were shown to complicate the delineation of contributing areas in these flow systems, including the presence of discrete lenses of 1ow hydraulic conductivity, large ratios of horizontal to ver- tical hydraulic conductivity, shallow streams, partially penetrating supply wells, and 1ow pumping rates (less than 0.1 million gallons per day). Nevertheless, contributing areas delineated for two wells in the simpler of the two flow systems--a thin (less than 100 feet), single- layer, uniform aquifer with near-ideal boundary conditions--were not significantly different for the two- or three-dimensional models of the natural system, for a pumping rate of 0.5 million gallons per day. Use of particle tracking helped identify the source of water to simulated wells, which included precipitation recharge, wastewater return flow, and pond water. Pond water and wastewater return flow accounted for as much as 73 and 40 percent, respectively, of the water captured by simulated wells.

Radionuclide Gas Transport through Nuclear Explosion-Generated Fracture Networks

PubMed Central

Jordan, Amy B.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Knight, Earl E.; Rougier, Esteban; Anderson, Dale N.

2015-01-01

Underground nuclear weapon testing produces radionuclide gases which may seep to the surface. Barometric pumping of gas through explosion-fractured rock is investigated using a new sequentially-coupled hydrodynamic rock damage/gas transport model. Fracture networks are produced for two rock types (granite and tuff) and three depths of burial. The fracture networks are integrated into a flow and transport numerical model driven by surface pressure signals of differing amplitude and variability. There are major differences between predictions using a realistic fracture network and prior results that used a simplified geometry. Matrix porosity and maximum fracture aperture have the greatest impact on gas breakthrough time and window of opportunity for detection, with different effects between granite and tuff simulations highlighting the importance of accurately simulating the fracture network. In particular, maximum fracture aperture has an opposite effect on tuff and granite, due to different damage patterns and their effect on the barometric pumping process. From stochastic simulations using randomly generated hydrogeologic parameters, normalized detection curves are presented to show differences in optimal sampling time for granite and tuff simulations. Seasonal and location-based effects on breakthrough, which occur due to differences in barometric forcing, are stronger where the barometric signal is highly variable. PMID:26676058

Radionuclide Gas Transport through Nuclear Explosion-Generated Fracture Networks.

PubMed

Jordan, Amy B; Stauffer, Philip H; Knight, Earl E; Rougier, Esteban; Anderson, Dale N

2015-12-17

Underground nuclear weapon testing produces radionuclide gases which may seep to the surface. Barometric pumping of gas through explosion-fractured rock is investigated using a new sequentially-coupled hydrodynamic rock damage/gas transport model. Fracture networks are produced for two rock types (granite and tuff) and three depths of burial. The fracture networks are integrated into a flow and transport numerical model driven by surface pressure signals of differing amplitude and variability. There are major differences between predictions using a realistic fracture network and prior results that used a simplified geometry. Matrix porosity and maximum fracture aperture have the greatest impact on gas breakthrough time and window of opportunity for detection, with different effects between granite and tuff simulations highlighting the importance of accurately simulating the fracture network. In particular, maximum fracture aperture has an opposite effect on tuff and granite, due to different damage patterns and their effect on the barometric pumping process. From stochastic simulations using randomly generated hydrogeologic parameters, normalized detection curves are presented to show differences in optimal sampling time for granite and tuff simulations. Seasonal and location-based effects on breakthrough, which occur due to differences in barometric forcing, are stronger where the barometric signal is highly variable.

75 FR 17403 - Great Bay Hydro Corporation; Notice of Application for Amendment of License and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2306-041] Great Bay Hydro.... b. Project No.: 2306-041. c. Date Filed: March 1, 2010. d. Applicant: Great Bay Hydro Corporation. e...-825r. h. Applicant Contact: Mr. William C. Rodgers, Director of Marketing, Great Bay Hydro Corporation...

ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION: JOINT (NSF-EPA) VERIFICATION STATEMENT AND REPORT HYDRO COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT, INC. HYDRO-KLEEN FILTRATION SYSTEM, 03/07/WQPC-SWP, SEPTEMBER 2003

EPA Science Inventory

Verification testing of the Hydro-Kleen(TM) Filtration System, a catch-basin filter designed to reduce hydrocarbon, sediment, and metals contamination from surface water flows, was conducted at NSF International in Ann Arbor, Michigan. A Hydro-Kleen(TM) system was fitted into a ...

78 FR 77118 - KC Small Hydro, LLC; Notice of Amended Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-20

..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On May 28, 2013, KC Scoby Hydro, LLC, filed an... 28, 2013, application and sent an acceptance letter to KC Scoby Hydro, LLC. Subsequently, On October 28, 2013, KC Scoby Hydro, LLC, amended its preliminary permit application to change its name to KC...

40 CFR 721.1880 - Borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)-.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)-. 721.1880 Section 721.1880 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... New Uses for Specific Chemical Substances § 721.1880 Borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium... substance identified as borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)- (PMN P-00-0922; CAS No...

77 FR 55202 - Oliver Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Motions To Intervene...

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2012-09-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13005-003] Oliver Hydro LLC... filed: December 14, 2011. d. Applicant: Oliver Hydro LLC. e. Name of Project: William Bacon Oliver Lock... according to the following Hydro Licensing Schedule. Revisions to the schedule will be made as appropriate...

78 FR 71602 - Lock 12 Hydro Partners, LLC; Notice of Proposed Restricted Service List for a Programmatic Agreement

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... Hydroelectric Project] Lock 12 Hydro Partners, LLC; Notice of Proposed Restricted Service List for a... Hydro Partners, LLC, as the applicant for Project No. 13214-003, is invited to participate in... Kinloch, Lock 14 Hydro Partners, 414 South Wenzel St., Louisville, KY 40204. Any person on the official...

75 FR 11527 - KC Hydro LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-11

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13617-000] KC Hydro LLC..., 2010. On November 6, 2009, KC Hydro LLC filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to... Sackheim, KC Hydro LLC, 5096 Cocoa Palm Way, Fair Oaks, CA 95628, phone: (916) 962-2271, e-mail: oregon...

40 CFR 721.1880 - Borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)-.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

...)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)-. 721.1880 Section 721.1880 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION... New Uses for Specific Chemical Substances § 721.1880 Borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium... substance identified as borate(1-), tris(acetato-.kappa.O)hydro-, sodium, (T-4)- (PMN P-00-0922; CAS No...

76 FR 41236 - FPL Energy Maine Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments

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2011-07-13

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments Take notice that the....: 2283-064. c. Date Filed: March 25, 2011. d. Applicant: FPL Energy Maine Hydro, LLC. e. Name of Project... Land/Trail Management Plan issued March 25, 2010, FPL Energy Maine Hydro, LLC (licensee) filed an...

78 FR 12304 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Ready for Environmental Analysis and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-22

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Ready for Environmental Analysis and Soliciting Comments...+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC. e. Name of Project: Braddock Locks and Dam Hydroelectric Project. f...\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC, c/o Hydro Green Energy, LLC, 900 Oakmont Lane, Suite 310, Westmont, IL...

78 FR 34570 - Special Local Regulations; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Lake Dora; Tavares, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-10

...-AA08 Special Local Regulations; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Lake Dora; Tavares, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... waters of Lake Dora in Tavares, Florida, during the Pro Hydro-X Tour, a series of high-speed personal... published a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) entitled Special Local Regulations; Pro Hydro-X Tour, Lake...

An expanded system simulation model for solar energy storage (technical report), volume 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warren, A. W.

1979-01-01

The simulation model for wind energy storage (SIMWEST) program now includes wind and/or photovoltaic systems utilizing any combination of five types of storage (pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel and pneumatic) and is available for the UNIVAC 1100 series and the CDC 6000 series computers. The level of detail is consistent with a role of evaluating the economic feasibility as well as the general performance of wind and/or photovoltaic energy systems. The software package consists of two basic programs and a library of system, environmental, and load components. The first program is a precompiler which generates computer models (in FORTRAN) of complex wind and/or photovoltaic source/storage/application systems, from user specifications using the respective library components. The second program provides the techno-economic system analysis with the respective I/0, the integration of system dynamics, and the iteration for conveyance of variables.

A simulation model for wind energy storage systems. Volume 1: Technical report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warren, A. W.; Edsinger, R. W.; Chan, Y. K.

1977-01-01

A comprehensive computer program for the modeling of wind energy and storage systems utilizing any combination of five types of storage (pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel and pneumatic) was developed. The level of detail of Simulation Model for Wind Energy Storage (SIMWEST) is consistent with a role of evaluating the economic feasibility as well as the general performance of wind energy systems. The software package consists of two basic programs and a library of system, environmental, and load components. The first program is a precompiler which generates computer models (in FORTRAN) of complex wind source storage application systems, from user specifications using the respective library components. The second program provides the techno-economic system analysis with the respective I/O, the integration of systems dynamics, and the iteration for conveyance of variables. SIMWEST program, as described, runs on the UNIVAC 1100 series computers.

A simulation model for wind energy storage systems. Volume 2: Operation manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Warren, A. W.; Edsinger, R. W.; Burroughs, J. D.

1977-01-01

A comprehensive computer program (SIMWEST) developed for the modeling of wind energy/storage systems utilizing any combination of five types of storage (pumped hydro, battery, thermal, flywheel, and pneumatic) is described. Features of the program include: a precompiler which generates computer models (in FORTRAN) of complex wind source/storage/application systems, from user specifications using the respective library components; a program which provides the techno-economic system analysis with the respective I/O the integration of system dynamics, and the iteration for conveyance of variables; and capability to evaluate economic feasibility as well as general performance of wind energy systems. The SIMWEST operation manual is presented and the usage of the SIMWEST program and the design of the library components are described. A number of example simulations intended to familiarize the user with the program's operation is given along with a listing of each SIMWEST library subroutine.

Modelling a hydropower plant with reservoir with the micropower optimisation model (HOMER)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Canales, Fausto A.; Beluco, Alexandre; Mendes, Carlos André B.

2017-08-01

Hydropower with water accumulation is an interesting option to consider in hybrid systems, because it helps dealing with the intermittence characteristics of renewable energy resources. The software HOMER (version Legacy) is extensively used in research works related to these systems, but it does not include a specific option for modelling hydro with reservoir. This paper describes a method for modelling a hydropower plant with reservoir with HOMER by adapting an existing procedure used for modelling pumped storage. An example with two scenarios in southern Brazil is presented for illustrating and validating the method explained in this paper. The results validate the method by showing a direct correspondence between an equivalent battery and the reservoir. The refill of the reservoir, its power output as a function of the flow rate and installed hydropower capacity are effectively simulated, indicating an adequate representation of a hydropower plant with reservoir is possible with HOMER.

Effects of particle size and hydro-thermal treatment of feed on performance and stomach health in fattening pigs.

PubMed

Liermann, Wendy; Berk, Andreas; Böschen, Verena; Dänicke, Sven

2015-01-01

Effects of grinding and hydro-thermal treatment of feed on growth performance, slaughter traits, nutrient digestibility, stomach content and stomach health were examined by using 96 crossbred fattening pigs. Pigs were fed a grain-soybean meal-based diet processed by various technical treatments. Feeding groups differed in particle size after grinding (finely vs. coarsely ground feed) and hydro-thermal treatment (without hydro-thermal treatment, pelleting, expanding, expanding and pelleting). Fine grinding and hydro-thermal treatment showed significant improvements on the digestibility of crude nutrients and content of metabolisable energy. Hydro-thermal treatment influenced average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (DFI) significantly. Finely ground pelleted feed without expanding enhanced performances by increasing ADG and decreasing feed-to-gain ratio (FGR) of fattening pigs. Coarsely ground feed without hydro-thermal treatment resulted in the highest ADG and DFI, however also in the highest FGR. Expanded feed decreased DFI and ADG. Slaughter traits were not affected by treatments. Coarsely ground feed without hydro-thermal treatment had protective effects on the health of gastric pars nonglandularis, however, pelleting increased gastric lesions. Hydro-thermal treatment, especially expanding, resulted in clumping of stomach content which possibly induced satiety by slower ingesta passage rate and thus decreased feed intake. Pigs fed pelleted feed showed less pronounced development of clumps in stomach content compared with expanded feed.

78 FR 26768 - Great Lakes Hydro America, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-08

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2520-072] Great Lakes Hydro...: March 1, 2013. d. Submitted By: Great Lakes Hydro America, LLC. e. Name of Project: Mattaceunk... Preservation at 36 CFR 800.2. l. With this notice, we are designating Great Lakes Hydro America, LLC as the...

76 FR 42124 - River Bounty, Inc.; Renew Hydro, LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-18

....; Renew Hydro, LLC; Notice of Transfer of Exemption 1. By letters filed April 19, April 20, and May 4... Hydroelectric Project No. 5730, originally issued June 9, 1982,\\1\\ has been transferred to Renew Hydro, LLC. The... exemption does not require Commission approval. \\1\\ American Hydro Power Co., 19 FERC ] 62,426 (1982). 2...

78 FR 71603 - Lock 14 Hydro Partners, LLC; Notice of Proposed Restricted Service List for a Programmatic Agreement

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-29

... Heidelberg Hydroelectric Project] Lock 14 Hydro Partners, LLC; Notice of Proposed Restricted Service List for... listed below. Lock 14 Hydro Partners, LLC, as the applicant for Project No. 13213-003, is invited to... Kinloch, Lock 14 Hydro Partners, 414 South Wenzel St., Louisville, KY 40204. Any person on the official...

77 FR 68765 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Scoping Meetings and Environmental Site Review and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-16

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Scoping Meetings and Environmental Site Review and Soliciting Scoping.... c. Date filed: September 17, 2012. d. Applicant: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC. e. Name of...)-825(r). h. Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC, c/o Hydro...

78 FR 34092 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC; FFP Project 121, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-06

.... 14504-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC; FFP Project 121, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary... Applications Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC and FFP Project 121, LLC filed preliminary permit applications... regular business day. See id. at 385.2001(a)(2). Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC's application is for a...

77 FR 60971 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Tendered for Filing With the Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-05

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Tendered for Filing With the Commission and Soliciting... No.: 13739-002. c. Date filed: September 17, 2012. d. Applicant: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC.... 791 (a)-825(r). h. Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+ TM Hydro Friends Fund XLII, c/o Hydro...

77 FR 9222 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application Document.... Date Filed: December 23, 2011. d. Submitted By: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC. e. Name of Project... regulations. h. Potential Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, c/o Hydro...

77 FR 16216 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVI, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

... Friends Fund XLVI, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application Document.... Date Filed: February 7, 2012. d. Submitted By: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVI, LLC. e. Name of Project... regulations. h. Potential Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLVI, c/o Hydro...

77 FR 13317 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII, BOST2, LLC, et al.; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... al.] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII, BOST2, LLC, et al.; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit Applications Project No. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII 14260-000 BOST2, LLC 14264-000.... 2. BOST2, LLC: Project No. 14264-000. 3. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XII: Project No. 14260-000. 4...

75 FR 75999 - Lock + Hydro Friends Fund XlVI; FFP Missouri 17, LLC; Solia 3 Hydroelectric, LLC; Three Rivers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-07

.... 13754-000; Project No. 13765-000; Project No. 13783-000; Project No. 13790-000] Lock + Hydro Friends..., and Motions To Intervene NOVEMBER 30, 2010. On May 18, 2010, Lock + Hydro Friends Fund XLVI, FFP... proposed Hildebrand Lock & Dam Projects: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVI's project (Project No. 13734-000...

77 FR 13592 - AER NY-Gen, LLC; Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC, Eagle Creek Land...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-07

...; Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC, Eagle Creek Land Resources, LLC; Notice... 24, 2012, AER NY-Gen, LLC (transferor), Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources.... Cherry, Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC, and Eagle Creek Land Resources...

76 FR 66713 - Hydro Green Energy, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Applications and Approving Use of the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-27

...-001, 13424-001, 13809-001, 13649-001, 13651-001] Hydro Green Energy, LLC; Notice of Intent To File... Intent To File License Applications and Approving Requests to Use the Traditional Licensing Process. b... Filed: August 23, 2011. d. Submitted By: Hydro Green Energy, LLC (Hydro Green). e. Name of Projects...

Hydro-Quebec is at it again

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hamilton, G.

1993-12-31

When New York governor Mario Cuomo pulled the plug on a purchase of 1,000 megawatts of power from Hydro-Quebec last June, the provincial utility talked tough. The cancellation, a senior Hydro-Quebec official claimed, would not jeopardize the future of its controversial Great Whale hydro project in the North. Bu Hydro-Quebec has quietly shoved Great Whale onto the back burner while an environmental review is underway. In the meantime the utility is barreling ahead with another mega-dam. The Ste. Marquerite project planned for north-eastern Quebec is modest by Hydro-Quebec standards, generating less than a third the power of Great Whale. Still,more » with an 880-megawatt power station and 190 square miles of reservoirs, it is one of the largest hydro projects on any drawing board in North America. Environmentalists say it is being pushed ahead without a serious study of its impacts. This article details the environmental impacts of the project, and the extended impacts, not yet accounted for.« less

Sharing hydropower information through books and publications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fulton, E.

HRW summarizes several books and publications by hydro professionals that educate, instruct, or assist colleagues throughout the world as they work toward meeting today`s hydro`s challenges and pursuing opportunities.

77 FR 64971 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Waiver, in Part, of Prefiling Consultation Required...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-24

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Waiver, in Part, of Prefiling Consultation Required Under Section 4.38(C... License. b. Project No.: 13739-002. c. Date Filed: September 17, 2012. d. Applicant: Lock+ Hydro Friends.... 791(a)-825(r). h. Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, c/o Hydro...

77 FR 23241 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-18

... Friends Fund XXX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application Document.... Date Filed: February 20, 2012. d. Submitted By: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC. e. Name of Project... Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, c/o Hydro Green Energy, LLC, 900...

HydroViz: design and evaluation of a Web-based tool for improving hydrology education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Habib, E.; Ma, Y.; Williams, D.; Sharif, H. O.; Hossain, F.

2012-10-01

HydroViz is a Web-based, student-centered, educational tool designed to support active learning in the field of Engineering Hydrology. The design of HydroViz is guided by a learning model that is based on learning with data and simulations, using real-world natural hydrologic systems to convey theoretical concepts, and using Web-based technologies for dissemination of the hydrologic education developments. This model, while being used in a hydrologic education context, can be adapted in other engineering educational settings. HydroViz leverages the free Google Earth resources to enable presentation of geospatial data layers and embed them in web pages that have the same look and feel of Google Earth. These design features significantly facilitate the dissemination and adoption of HydroViz by any interested educational institutions regardless of their access to data or computer models. To facilitate classroom usage, HydroViz is populated with a set of course modules that can be used incrementally within different stages of an engineering hydrology curriculum. A pilot evaluation study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the HydroViz tool in delivering its educational content, to examine the buy-in of the program by faculty and students, and to identify specific project components that need to be further pursued and improved. A total of 182 students from seven freshmen and senior-level undergraduate classes in three universities participated in the study. HydroViz was effective in facilitating students' learning and understanding of hydrologic concepts and increasing related skills. Students had positive perceptions of various features of HydroViz and they believe that HydroViz fits well in the curriculum. In general, HydroViz tend to be more effective with students in senior-level classes than students in freshmen classes. Lessons gained from this pilot study provide guidance for future adaptation and expansion studies to scale-up the application and utility of HydroViz and other similar systems into various hydrology and water-resource engineering curriculum settings. The paper presents a set of design principles that contribute to the development of other active hydrology educational systems.

HydroShare: A Platform for Collaborative Data and Model Sharing in Hydrology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarboton, D. G.; Idaszak, R.; Horsburgh, J. S.; Ames, D. P.; Goodall, J. L.; Couch, A.; Hooper, R. P.; Dash, P. K.; Stealey, M.; Yi, H.; Bandaragoda, C.; Castronova, A. M.

2017-12-01

HydroShare is an online, collaboration system for sharing of hydrologic data, analytical tools, and models. It supports the sharing of and collaboration around "resources" which are defined by standardized content types for data formats and models commonly used in hydrology. With HydroShare you can: Share your data and models with colleagues; Manage who has access to the content that you share; Share, access, visualize and manipulate a broad set of hydrologic data types and models; Use the web services application programming interface (API) to program automated and client access; Publish data and models and obtain a citable digital object identifier (DOI); Aggregate your resources into collections; Discover and access data and models published by others; Use web apps to visualize, analyze and run models on data in HydroShare. This presentation will describe the functionality and architecture of HydroShare highlighting its use as a virtual environment supporting education and research. HydroShare has components that support: (1) resource storage, (2) resource exploration, and (3) web apps for actions on resources. The HydroShare data discovery, sharing and publishing functions as well as HydroShare web apps provide the capability to analyze data and execute models completely in the cloud (servers remote from the user) overcoming desktop platform limitations. The HydroShare GIS app provides a basic capability to visualize spatial data. The HydroShare JupyterHub Notebook app provides flexible and documentable execution of Python code snippets for analysis and modeling in a way that results can be shared among HydroShare users and groups to support research collaboration and education. We will discuss how these developments can be used to support different types of educational efforts in Hydrology where being completely web based is of value in an educational setting as students can all have access to the same functionality regardless of their computer.

Pump and treat in low permeability media

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mackay, D.M.

1996-08-01

Pump and Treat (P&T) is a commonly applied technology whose primary promise for the low permeability environments of interest to these technology reviews is almost certainly containment of the problem. Conventional P&T would be expected to offer little promise of complete restoration in such environments, unless very long time frames (decades or centuries) are considered. A variety of approaches have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of P&T; some appear to offer little promise in low or mixed permeability environments, while others may offer more promise (e.g. hydro- or pneumatic-fracturing, which are described elsewhere in this document, and application ofmore » vacuum to the extraction well(s), which is a proprietary technology whose promise is currently difficult to assess objectively). Understanding the potential advantages and means of optimizing these enhancement approaches requires more understanding of the basic processes limiting P&T performance in low or mixed permeability media. These efforts are probably also necessary to understand the advantages and means of optimizing many of the very different remedial technologies that may be applicable to low or mixed permeability environments. Finally, since a reasonably certain capability of P&T is containment (i.e. prevention of further migration of contaminants), P&T may generally be required as a sort of safety net around sites at which the alternative technologies are being tested or applied. 23 refs.« less

An Agent-Based Model of Farmer Decision Making in Jordan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Selby, Philip; Medellin-Azuara, Josue; Harou, Julien; Klassert, Christian; Yoon, Jim

2016-04-01

We describe an agent based hydro-economic model of groundwater irrigated agriculture in the Jordan Highlands. The model employs a Multi-Agent-Simulation (MAS) framework and is designed to evaluate direct and indirect outcomes of climate change scenarios and policy interventions on farmer decision making, including annual land use, groundwater use for irrigation, and water sales to a water tanker market. Land use and water use decisions are simulated for groups of farms grouped by location and their behavioural and economic similarities. Decreasing groundwater levels, and the associated increase in pumping costs, are important drivers for change within Jordan'S agricultural sector. We describe how this is considered by coupling of agricultural and groundwater models. The agricultural production model employs Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP), a method for calibrating agricultural production functions to observed planted areas. PMP has successfully been used with disaggregate models for policy analysis. We adapt the PMP approach to allow explicit evaluation of the impact of pumping costs, groundwater purchase fees and a water tanker market. The work demonstrates the applicability of agent-based agricultural decision making assessment in the Jordan Highlands and its integration with agricultural model calibration methods. The proposed approach is designed and implemented with software such that it could be used to evaluate a variety of physical and human influences on decision making in agricultural water management.

Hydro-mechanical pressure response to fluid injection into finite aquifers highlights the non-local behavior of storage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De Simone, Silvia; Carrera, Jesus

2017-04-01

Specific storage reflects the volumetric deformation capacity of permeable media. Classical groundwater hydrology equals elastic storage to medium compressibility, which is a constant-in-time and locally-defined parameter. This allows simplifying the flow equation into a linear diffusion equation that is relatively easy to solve. However, the hydraulic gradients, generated by fluid injection or pumping, act as forces that push the medium in the direction of flow causing it to deform, even in regions where pressure has not changed. Actual deformation depends on the elastic properties of the medium, but also on aquifer geometry and on surrounding strata, which act like constraints to displacements. Therefore the storage results to be non-local (i.e., the volume of water released at a point depends on the poroelastic response over the whole aquifer) and the proper evaluation of transient pressure requires acknowledging the hydro-mechanical (HM) coupling, which is generally disregarded by conventional hydrogeology. Here we discuss whether HM coupling effects are relevant, which is of special interest for the activities of enhanced geothermics, waste disposal, CO2 storage or shale gas extraction. We propose analytic solutions to the HM problem of fluid injection (or extraction) into finite aquifers with one-dimensional or cylindrical geometries. We find that the deviation respect to traditional purely hydraulic solutions is significant when the aquifer has limited capacity to deform. The most relevant implications are that the response time is faster and the pressure variation greater than expected, which may be relevant for aquifer characterization and for the evaluation of pressure build-up due to fluid injection.

40 CFR 721.7700 - Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-Ï... Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3... substance identified as poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2...

40 CFR 721.7700 - Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-Ï... Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3... substance identified as poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),α-hydro-ω-(oxiranylmethoxy)-, ether with 2-ethyl-2...

Geostatistical Characteristic of Space -Time Variation in Underground Water Selected Quality Parameters in Klodzko Water Intake Area (SW Part of Poland)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Namysłowska-Wilczyńska, Barbara

2016-04-01

This paper presents selected results of research connected with the development of a (3D) geostatistical hydrogeochemical model of the Klodzko Drainage Basin, dedicated to the spatial and time variation in the selected quality parameters of underground water in the Klodzko water intake area (SW part of Poland). The research covers the period 2011÷2012. Spatial analyses of the variation in various quality parameters, i.e, contents of: ammonium ion [gNH4+/m3], NO3- (nitrate ion) [gNO3/m3], PO4-3 (phosphate ion) [gPO4-3/m3], total organic carbon C (TOC) [gC/m3], pH redox potential and temperature C [degrees], were carried out on the basis of the chemical determinations of the quality parameters of underground water samples taken from the wells in the water intake area. Spatial and time variation in the quality parameters was analyzed on the basis of archival data (period 1977÷1999) for 22 (pump and siphon) wells with a depth ranging from 9.5 to 38.0 m b.g.l., later data obtained (November 2011) from tests of water taken from 14 existing wells. The wells were built in the years 1954÷1998. The water abstraction depth (difference between the terrain elevation and the dynamic water table level) is ranged from 276÷286 m a.s.l., with an average of 282.05 m a.s.l. Dynamic water table level is contained between 6.22 m÷16.44 m b.g.l., with a mean value of 9.64 m b.g.l. The latest data (January 2012) acquired from 3 new piezometers, with a depth of 9÷10m, which were made in other locations in the relevant area. Thematic databases, containing original data on coordinates X, Y (latitude, longitude) and Z (terrain elevation and time - years) and on regionalized variables, i.e. the underground water quality parameters in the Klodzko water intake area determined for different analytical configurations (22 wells, 14 wells, 14 wells + 3 piezometers), were created. Both archival data (acquired in the years 1977÷1999) and the latest data (collected in 2011÷2012) were analyzed. These data were subjected to spatial analyses using statistical and geostatistical methods. The evaluation of basic statistics of the investigated quality parameters, including their histograms of distributions, scatter diagrams between these parameters and also correlation coefficients r were presented in this article. The directional semivariogram function and the ordinary (block) kriging procedure were used to build the 3D geostatistical model. The geostatistical parameters of the theoretical models of directional semivariograms of the studied water quality parameters, calculated along the time interval and along the wells depth (taking into account the terrain elevation), were used in the ordinary (block) kriging estimation. The obtained results of estimation, i.e. block diagrams allowed to determine the levels of increased values Z* of studied underground water quality parameters. Analysis of the variability in the selected quality parameters of underground water for an analyzed area in Klodzko water intake was enriched by referring to the results of geostatistical studies carried out for underground water quality parameters and also for a treated water and in Klodzko water supply system (iron Fe, manganese Mn, ammonium ion NH4+ contents), discussed in earlier works. Spatial and time variation in the latter-mentioned parameters was analysed on the basis of the data (2007÷2011, 2008÷2011). Generally, the behaviour of the underground water quality parameters has been found to vary in space and time. Thanks to the spatial analyses of the variation in the quality parameters in the Kłodzko underground water intake area some regularities (trends) in the variation in water quality have been identified.

Optimizing conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater resources with stochastic dynamic programming

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidsen, Claus; Liu, Suxia; Mo, Xingguo; Rosbjerg, Dan; Bauer-Gottwein, Peter

2014-05-01

Optimal management of conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater has been attempted with different algorithms in the literature. In this study, a hydro-economic modelling approach to optimize conjunctive use of scarce surface water and groundwater resources under uncertainty is presented. A stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) approach is used to minimize the basin-wide total costs arising from water allocations and water curtailments. Dynamic allocation problems with inclusion of groundwater resources proved to be more complex to solve with SDP than pure surface water allocation problems due to head-dependent pumping costs. These dynamic pumping costs strongly affect the total costs and can lead to non-convexity of the future cost function. The water user groups (agriculture, industry, domestic) are characterized by inelastic demands and fixed water allocation and water supply curtailment costs. As in traditional SDP approaches, one step-ahead sub-problems are solved to find the optimal management at any time knowing the inflow scenario and reservoir/aquifer storage levels. These non-linear sub-problems are solved using a genetic algorithm (GA) that minimizes the sum of the immediate and future costs for given surface water reservoir and groundwater aquifer end storages. The immediate cost is found by solving a simple linear allocation sub-problem, and the future costs are assessed by interpolation in the total cost matrix from the following time step. Total costs for all stages, reservoir states, and inflow scenarios are used as future costs to drive a forward moving simulation under uncertain water availability. The use of a GA to solve the sub-problems is computationally more costly than a traditional SDP approach with linearly interpolated future costs. However, in a two-reservoir system the future cost function would have to be represented by a set of planes, and strict convexity in both the surface water and groundwater dimension cannot be maintained. The optimization framework based on the GA is still computationally feasible and represents a clean and customizable method. The method has been applied to the Ziya River basin, China. The basin is located on the North China Plain and is subject to severe water scarcity, which includes surface water droughts and groundwater over-pumping. The head-dependent groundwater pumping costs will enable assessment of the long-term effects of increased electricity prices on the groundwater pumping. The coupled optimization framework is used to assess realistic alternative development scenarios for the basin. In particular the potential for using electricity pricing policies to reach sustainable groundwater pumping is investigated.

6. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE60 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

6. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE-60 CYCLE FREQUENCY CHANGER Photographer unknown, December 14, 1940 - Cross Cut Hydro Plant, North Side of Salt River, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Modeling the effects of pumping wells in spring management: The case of Scirca spring (central Apennines, Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dragoni, W.; Mottola, A.; Cambi, C.

2013-06-01

One of the techniques used to increase the water yield of springs during dry seasons and droughts is drilling wells close to them. Where there is a low-hydraulic conductivity boundary close to a spring (the case considered here), this technique implies low well efficiency, high drawdown, and high cost of withdrawals. In addition, a set of pumping wells close to a spring can cause both it and the stream originating from it to dry up - a situation which is not always acceptable from an environmental point of view. In order to study better management strategies, this paper presents a finite difference model of the Scirca spring (Umbria - Marche Apennines, Italy), which originates from a limestone massif in which some formations are karstified. The model, built with Modflow using the equivalent porous media (EPM) approach, simulated the effects of pumping wells at various distances from the spring. Hydraulic Conductivity and Storativity were calibrated and validated on discharge data during recession, when recharge is nil. "Inverse modeling" was then used to estimate the daily recharge of the hydro-geological system of the Scirca spring for a period of several years. Lastly, the efficiency of various management schemes was evaluated by simulating the reaction of the spring, in terms of discharge, to a series of pumping scenarios, all guaranteeing a certain imposed withdrawal during summer, much larger than the natural spring discharge, given by spring discharge and well drawdown. The wells were located between 2850 and 100 m from the spring, the pumping time-span was set at 90 days, and pumping rates of 60, 90 and 120 l/s were applied. Results show that the maximum discharge at which spring drainage is avoided and that minimum vital flow is guaranteed is 90 l/s. The higher water volumes extracted during summer (dry season) are balanced by a lowering of the maximum natural discharges in winter and spring (recharge seasons). Simulations indicate that, by drilling pumping wells far from the spring, the efficiency of the whole system can be optimized in terms of total withdrawal, drilling and management costs, with reduced environmental impact. The mathematical model also shows how long the system takes to regain its "undisturbed" state, with a tolerance of 0.5 l/s. The model highlights the possibility of forcing the system to supply a smaller amount of water in winter, in order to increase the summer yield. Such a management scheme, which can be applied to other springs, may be useful in better meeting the demand for water during dry seasons.

NASA's Plum Brook Station Water Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Puzak, Robert M.; Kimpton, Arthur

2006-01-01

Plum Brook Station's water systems were built in the 1940s to support a World War II ordnance production complex. Because the systems had not been analyzed for current NASA usage, it was unknown if they could meet current requirements and codes or if they were efficient for current use. NASA wanted to determine what improvements would be needed or advisable to support its research projects, so it contracted a hydraulic analysis of the raw and domestic water systems. Burgess and Niple determined current water demands and water flow, developed and calibrated models of the two water systems, and evaluated efficiency improvements and cost-cutting options. They recommended replacing some water mains, installing a new service connection, and removing some high-maintenance items (an underground reservoir, some booster pumps, and a tower).

Inherently safe in situ uranium recovery

DOEpatents

Krumhansl, James L; Brady, Patrick V

2014-04-29

An in situ recovery of uranium operation involves circulating reactive fluids through an underground uranium deposit. These fluids contain chemicals that dissolve the uranium ore. Uranium is recovered from the fluids after they are pumped back to the surface. Chemicals used to accomplish this include complexing agents that are organic, readily degradable, and/or have a predictable lifetime in an aquifer. Efficiency is increased through development of organic agents targeted to complexing tetravalent uranium rather than hexavalent uranium. The operation provides for in situ immobilization of some oxy-anion pollutants under oxidizing conditions as well as reducing conditions. The operation also artificially reestablishes reducing conditions on the aquifer after uranium recovery is completed. With the ability to have the impacted aquifer reliably remediated, the uranium recovery operation can be considered inherently safe.

2. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

2. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE GENERATING UNITS AND EXCITER UNITS FOREGROUND Photographer unknown, March 4, 1953 - Cross Cut Hydro Plant, North Side of Salt River, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Wound bed preparation: A novel approach using HydroTherapy.

PubMed

Atkin, Leanne; Ousey, Karen

2016-12-01

Wounds that fail to heal quickly are often encountered by community nursing staff. An important step in assisting these chronic or stalled wounds progress through healing is debridement to remove devitalised tissue, including slough and eschar, that can prevent the wound from healing. A unique wound treatment called HydroTherapy aims to provide an optimal healing environment. The first step of HydroTherapy involves HydroClean plus™, this dressing enables removal of devitalised tissue through autolytic debridement and absorption of wound fluid. Irrigation and cleansing provided by Ringer's solution from the dressing further removes any necrotic tissue or eschar. Once effective wound bed preparation has been achieved a second dressing, HydroTac™, provides an ongoing hydrated wound environment that enables re-epithelialisation to occur in an unrestricted fashion. This paper presents 3 case studies of slow healing wounds treated with HydroClean plus™ which demonstrates effective wound debridement.

Microwave-Assisted Hydro-Distillation of Essential Oil from Rosemary: Comparison with Traditional Distillation

PubMed Central

Moradi, Sara; Fazlali, Alireza; Hamedi, Hamid

Background: Hydro-distillation (HD) method is a traditional technique which is used in most industrial companies. Microwave-assisted Hydro-distillation (MAHD) is an advanced HD technique utilizing a microwave oven in the extraction process. Methods: In this research, MAHD of essential oils from the aerial parts (leaves) of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) was studied and the results were compared with those of the conventional HD in terms of extraction time, extraction efficiency, chemical composition, quality of the essential oils and cost of the operation. Results: Microwave hydro-distillation was superior in terms of saving energy and extraction time (30 min, compared to 90 min in HD). Chromatography was used for quantity analysis of the essential oils composition. Quality of essential oil improved in MAHD method due to an increase of 17% in oxygenated compounds. Conclusion: Consequently, microwave hydro-distillation can be used as a substitute of traditional hydro-distillation. PMID:29296263

Microwave-Assisted Hydro-Distillation of Essential Oil from Rosemary: Comparison with Traditional Distillation.

PubMed

Moradi, Sara; Fazlali, Alireza; Hamedi, Hamid

2018-01-01

Hydro-distillation (HD) method is a traditional technique which is used in most industrial companies. Microwave-assisted Hydro-distillation (MAHD) is an advanced HD technique utilizing a microwave oven in the extraction process. In this research, MAHD of essential oils from the aerial parts (leaves) of rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L. ) was studied and the results were compared with those of the conventional HD in terms of extraction time, extraction efficiency, chemical composition, quality of the essential oils and cost of the operation. Microwave hydro-distillation was superior in terms of saving energy and extraction time (30 min , compared to 90 min in HD). Chromatography was used for quantity analysis of the essential oils composition. Quality of essential oil improved in MAHD method due to an increase of 17% in oxygenated compounds. Consequently, microwave hydro-distillation can be used as a substitute of traditional hydro-distillation.

Subsurface Xenon Migration by Atmospheric Pumping Using an Implicit Non-Iterative Algorithm for a Locally 1D Dual-Porosity Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Annewandter, R.; Kalinowksi, M. B.

2009-04-01

An underground nuclear explosion injects radionuclids in the surrounding host rock creating an initial radionuclid distribution. In the case of fractured permeable media, cyclical changes in atmospheric pressure can draw gaseous species upwards to the surface, establishing a ratcheting pump effect. The resulting advective transport is orders of magnitude more significant than transport by molecular diffusion. In the 1990s the US Department of Energy funded the socalled Non-Proliferation Experiment conducted by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to investigate this barometric pumping effect for verifying compliance with respect to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. A chemical explosive of approximately 1 kt TNT-equivalent has been detonated in a cavity located 390 m deep in the Rainier Mesa (Nevada Test Site) in which two tracer gases were emplaced. Within this experiment SF6 was first detected in soil gas samples taken near fault zones after 50 days and 3He after 325 days. For this paper a locally one-dimensional dual-porosity model for flow along the fracture and within the permeable matrix was used after Nilson and Lie (1990). Seepage of gases and diffusion of tracers between fracture and matrix are accounted. The advective flow along the fracture and within the matrix block is based on the FRAM filtering remedy and methodology of Chapman. The resulting system of equations is solved by an implicit non-iterative algorithm. Results on time of arrival and subsurface concentration levels for the CTBT-relevant xenons will be presented.

Case studies of the legal and institutional obstacles and incentives to the development of small-scale hydroelectric power: Bull Run, Portland, Oregon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

1980-05-01

The National Conference of State Legislatures' Small-Scale Hydroelectric Policy Project is designed to assist selected state legislatures in looking at the benefits that a state can derive from the development of small-scale hydro, and in carrying out a review of state laws and regulations that affect the development of the state's small-scale hydro resources. The successful completion of the project should help establish state statutes and regulations that are consistent with the efficient development of small-scale hydro. As part of the project's work with state legislatures, seven case studies of small-scale hydro sites were conducted to provide a general analysismore » and overview of the significant problems and opportunities for the development of this energy resource. The case study approach was selected to expose the actual difficulties and advantages involved in developing a specific site. Such an examination of real development efforts will clearly reveal the important aspects about small-scale hydro development which could be improved by statutory or regulatory revision. Moreover, the case study format enables the formulation of generalized opportunities for promoting small-scale hydro based on specific development experiences. The case study for small-scale hydro power development at the City of Portland's water reserve in the Bull Run Forest is presented with information included on the Bull Run hydro power potential, current water usage, hydro power regulations and plant licensing, technical and economic aspects of Bull Run project, and the environmental impact. (LCL)« less

Hydrological processes in glacierized high-altitude basins of the western Himalayas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeelani, Ghulam; Shah, Rouf A.; Fryar, Alan E.; Deshpande, Rajendrakumar D.; Mukherjee, Abhijit; Perrin, Jerome

2018-03-01

Western Himalaya is a strategically important region, where the water resources are shared by China, India and Pakistan. The economy of the region is largely dependent on the water resources delivered by snow and glacier melt. The presented study used stable isotopes of water to further understand the basin-scale hydro-meteorological, hydrological and recharge processes in three high-altitude mountainous basins of the western Himalayas. The study provided new insights in understanding the dominant factors affecting the isotopic composition of the precipitation, snowpack, glacier melt, streams and springs. It was observed that elevation-dependent post-depositional processes and snowpack evolution resulted in the higher isotopic altitude gradient in snowpacks. The similar temporal trends of isotopic signals in rivers and karst springs reflect the rapid flow transfer due to karstification of the carbonate aquifers. The attenuation of the extreme isotopic input signal in karst springs appears to be due to the mixing of source waters with the underground karst reservoirs. Basin-wise, the input-output response demonstrates the vital role of winter precipitation in maintaining the perennial flow in streams and karst springs in the region. Isotopic data were also used to estimate the mean recharge altitude of the springs.

5. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

5. INTERIOR VIEW OF CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT, SHOWING 25 CYCLE GENERATING UNITS FOREGROUND AND 60 CYCLE GENERATING UNIT REAR Photographer unknown, no date - Cross Cut Hydro Plant, North Side of Salt River, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

75 FR 5071 - Mississippi L&D 21, LLC, Mississippi River No. 21 Hydropower Company Lock + TM

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-01

... Lock + \\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XXXII, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Applications Accepted for..., Lock + TM Hydro Friends Fund XXXII, LLC (Lock + Hydro) filed an application for a preliminary permit...

The HydroColor App: Above Water Measurements of Remote Sensing Reflectance and Turbidity Using a Smartphone Camera

PubMed Central

Leeuw, Thomas; Boss, Emmanuel

2018-01-01

HydroColor is a mobile application that utilizes a smartphone’s camera and auxiliary sensors to measure the remote sensing reflectance of natural water bodies. HydroColor uses the smartphone’s digital camera as a three-band radiometer. Users are directed by the application to collect a series of three images. These images are used to calculate the remote sensing reflectance in the red, green, and blue broad wavelength bands. As with satellite measurements, the reflectance can be inverted to estimate the concentration of absorbing and scattering substances in the water, which are predominately composed of suspended sediment, chlorophyll, and dissolved organic matter. This publication describes the measurement method and investigates the precision of HydroColor’s reflectance and turbidity estimates compared to commercial instruments. It is shown that HydroColor can measure the remote sensing reflectance to within 26% of a precision radiometer and turbidity within 24% of a portable turbidimeter. HydroColor distinguishes itself from other water quality camera methods in that its operation is based on radiometric measurements instead of image color. HydroColor is one of the few mobile applications to use a smartphone as a completely objective sensor, as opposed to subjective user observations or color matching using the human eye. This makes HydroColor a powerful tool for crowdsourcing of aquatic optical data. PMID:29337917

The HydroColor App: Above Water Measurements of Remote Sensing Reflectance and Turbidity Using a Smartphone Camera.

PubMed

Leeuw, Thomas; Boss, Emmanuel

2018-01-16

HydroColor is a mobile application that utilizes a smartphone's camera and auxiliary sensors to measure the remote sensing reflectance of natural water bodies. HydroColor uses the smartphone's digital camera as a three-band radiometer. Users are directed by the application to collect a series of three images. These images are used to calculate the remote sensing reflectance in the red, green, and blue broad wavelength bands. As with satellite measurements, the reflectance can be inverted to estimate the concentration of absorbing and scattering substances in the water, which are predominately composed of suspended sediment, chlorophyll, and dissolved organic matter. This publication describes the measurement method and investigates the precision of HydroColor's reflectance and turbidity estimates compared to commercial instruments. It is shown that HydroColor can measure the remote sensing reflectance to within 26% of a precision radiometer and turbidity within 24% of a portable turbidimeter. HydroColor distinguishes itself from other water quality camera methods in that its operation is based on radiometric measurements instead of image color. HydroColor is one of the few mobile applications to use a smartphone as a completely objective sensor, as opposed to subjective user observations or color matching using the human eye. This makes HydroColor a powerful tool for crowdsourcing of aquatic optical data.

Potentiality of a fruit peel (banana peel) toward abatement of fluoride from synthetic and underground water samples collected from fluoride affected villages of Birbhum district

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mondal, Naba Kumar; Roy, Arunabha

2018-06-01

Contamination of underground water with fluoride (F) is a tremendous health hazard. Excessive F (> 1.5 mg/L) in drinking water can cause both dental and skeletal fluorosis. A fixed-bed column experiments were carried out with the operating variables such as different initial F concentrations, bed depths, pH and flow rates. Results revealed that the breakthrough time and exhaustion time decrease with increasing flow rate, decreasing bed depth and increasing influent fluoride concentration. The optimized conditions are: 10 mg/L initial fluoride concentration; flow rate 3.4 mL/min, bed depth 3.5 and pH 5. The bed depth service time model and the Thomas model were applied to the experimental results. Both the models were in good agreement with the experimental data for all the process parameters studied except flow rate, indicating that the models were appropriate for removal of F by natural banana peel dust in fix-bed design. Moreover, column adsorption was reversible and the regeneration was accomplished by pumping of 0.1 M NaOH through the loaded banana peel dust column. On the other hand, field water sample analysis data revealed that 86.5% fluoride can be removed under such optimized conditions. From the experimental results, it may be inferred that natural banana peel dust is an effective adsorbent for defluoridation of water.

Tube bundle system

PubMed Central

Marchewka, W.; Mohamed, K.; Addis, J.; Karnack, F.

2015-01-01

A tube bundle system (TBS) is a mechanical system for continuously drawing gas samples through tubes from multiple monitoring points located in an underground coal mine. The gas samples are drawn via vacuum pump to the surface and are typically analyzed for oxygen, methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Results of the gas analyses are displayed and recorded for further analysis. Trends in the composition of the mine atmosphere, such as increasing methane or carbon monoxide concentration, can be detected early, permitting rapid intervention that prevents problems, such as a potentially explosive atmosphere behind seals, fire or spontaneous combustion. TBS is a well-developed technology and has been used in coal mines around the world for more than 50 years. Most longwall coal mines in Australia deploy a TBS, usually with 30 to 40 monitoring points as part of their atmospheric monitoring. The primary uses of a TBS are detecting spontaneous combustion and maintaining sealed areas inert. The TBS might also provide mine atmosphere gas composition data after a catastrophe occurs in an underground mine, if the sampling tubes are not damaged. TBSs are not an alternative to statutory gas and ventilation airflow monitoring by electronic sensors or people; rather, they are an option to consider in an overall mine atmosphere monitoring strategy. This paper describes the hardware, software and operation of a TBS and presents one example of typical data from a longwall coal mine PMID:26306052

Tube bundle system: for monitoring of coal mine atmosphere.

PubMed

Zipf, R Karl; Marchewka, W; Mohamed, K; Addis, J; Karnack, F

2013-05-01

A tube bundle system (TBS) is a mechanical system for continuously drawing gas samples through tubes from multiple monitoring points located in an underground coal mine. The gas samples are drawn via vacuum pump to the surface and are typically analyzed for oxygen, methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Results of the gas analyses are displayed and recorded for further analysis. Trends in the composition of the mine atmosphere, such as increasing methane or carbon monoxide concentration, can be detected early, permitting rapid intervention that prevents problems, such as a potentially explosive atmosphere behind seals, fire or spontaneous combustion. TBS is a well-developed technology and has been used in coal mines around the world for more than 50 years. Most longwall coal mines in Australia deploy a TBS, usually with 30 to 40 monitoring points as part of their atmospheric monitoring. The primary uses of a TBS are detecting spontaneous combustion and maintaining sealed areas inert. The TBS might also provide mine atmosphere gas composition data after a catastrophe occurs in an underground mine, if the sampling tubes are not damaged. TBSs are not an alternative to statutory gas and ventilation airflow monitoring by electronic sensors or people; rather, they are an option to consider in an overall mine atmosphere monitoring strategy. This paper describes the hardware, software and operation of a TBS and presents one example of typical data from a longwall coal mine.

77 FR 56637 - FirstLight Hydro Generating Company; Notice of Authorization for Continued Project Operation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-13

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2662-000] FirstLight Hydro...Light Hydro Generating Company, licensee for the Scotland Hydroelectric Project, filed an Application... license for Project No. 2662 [[Page 56638

75 FR 18191 - City of Raleigh; Community Hydro, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit Applications...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

...: Mr. Thomas A. McCormick, Raleigh City Attorney, P.O. Box 590, Raleigh, North Carolina 27601, e-mail tom.mccormick@ci.raleigh.nc.us . For Community Hydro, LLC: Lori Barg, Community Hydro, LLC, 113...

Using object-based geomorphometry for hydro-geomorphological analysis in a Mediterranean research catchment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guida, Domenico; Cuomo, Albina; Palmieri, Vincenzo

2016-08-01

The aim of the paper is to apply an object-based geomorphometric procedure to define the runoff contribution areas and support a hydro-geomorphological analysis of a 3 km2 Mediterranean research catchment (southern Italy). Daily and sub-hourly discharge and electrical conductivity data were collected and recorded during a 3-year monitoring activity. Hydro-chemograph analyses carried out on these data revealed a strong seasonal hydrological response in the catchment that differed from the stormflow events that occur in the wet periods and in dry periods. This analysis enabled us to define the hydro-chemograph signatures related to increasing flood magnitude, which progressively involves various runoff components (baseflow, subsurface flow and surficial flow) and an increasing contributing area to discharge. Field surveys and water table/discharge measurements carried out during a selected storm event enabled us to identify and map specific runoff source areas with homogeneous geomorphological units previously defined as hydro-geomorphotypes (spring points, diffuse seepage along the main channel, seepage along the riparian corridors, diffuse outflow from hillslope taluses and concentrate sapping from colluvial hollows). Following the procedures previously proposed and used by authors for object-based geomorphological mapping, a hydro-geomorphologically oriented segmentation and classification was performed with the eCognition (Trimble, Inc.) package. The best agreement with the expert-based geomorphological mapping was obtained with weighted plan curvature at different-sized windows. By combining the hydro-chemical analysis and object-based hydro-geomorphotype map, the variability of the contribution areas was graphically modeled for the selected event, which occurred during the wet season, by using the log values of flow accumulation that better fit the contribution areas. The results allow us to identify the runoff component on hydro-chemographs for each time step and calculate a specific discharge contribution from each hydro-geomorphotype. This kind of approach could be useful when applied to similar, rainfall-dominated, forested and no-karst catchments in the Mediterranean eco-region.

Working together to ensure safety at hydro projects

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bartel, J.W.

Providing for public safety around a hydroelectric facility can be critically important to the welfare of a hydro-power producer. With this in mind, Wisconsin Electric Power Company and Wisconsin Public Service Corporation have worked together to develop consistent safety signage and several for their hydro projects. Although the two utilities sometimes compete for electric customers, they cooperate to ensure the safety to those customers. Both WE and WPS took steps in 1986 to make their operations safer through involvement in the Wisconsin/Michigan Hydro User Group. The organization has 25 members-primarily of electric utilities and paper companies-who operate hydro facilities inmore » the two states. The two areas that the HUG studied in public safety were signs and warning systems. HUG established a sign committee to study how to increase safety of people around hydro plants through signs, explained Ted Handrick, hydro plant superintendent at WPS. The committee's recommendations led to development of a statewide uniform sign system adopted by all HUG members. The committee used Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources' guidelines for warning signs and portages in developing the signage standards. HUG members are converting to these new sign standards as they replace old signs and/or install new signs. Notices describing the new signage system have been placed near each hydro plant, at boat landings, and in campgrounds. The signs are mounted well above ground level so they can be seen and easily read by recreationalists. Warning systems, in accordance with HUG warning standards, were installed at WE and WPS hydro facilities. These systems alert nearby recreational users of rapid increases in water flow when generating units are turned on or when spillway gates are opened. Soon after the authors installed equipment to remotely operate its hydro facilities, the utility experienced a dramatic increase increase in intrusion on dams and other structures at the projects.« less

Development of Groundwater Management Model for Sustainable Groundwater Use in the Agricultural Region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, D.; Bae, G.; Lee, K.

2010-12-01

In many agricultural regions, high dependence of irrigation on groundwater has brought about serious concerns about unplanned groundwater developments and over-pumping. Various agricultural activities including fertilization and livestock husbandry usually result in groundwater contamination in those regions. Field works in Icheon, Korea showed that in this region the rice farming still requires a significant amount of water and continuous construction of greenhouse can make the contamination from the fertilization more serious. In this study, a groundwater management model based on the simulation-optimization methodology is developed to achieve sufficient groundwater supply and groundwater quality conservation together on regional-scale. This model can obtain the on-ground contaminant loading mass by integrating an analytical model for 1-D solute transport in unsaturated zone with 3-D groundwater flow and solute transport model, HydroGeosphere. The outputs of the 1-D unsaturated transport model, concentrations of the contaminant leaching on water table, work as contaminant sources in the 3-D solute transport model in saturated zone. This integrated simulation model is linked to genetic algorithm that searches the global optimum for the sustainable groundwater use. And, in order for the design on the contaminant sources to be more effective, it also links the backward transport model useful for evaluating the contamination from contaminant sources to each pumping well. The first objective of the management in this study is to obtain the optimal pumping rates that not only can supply sufficient amount of the groundwater but protect the groundwater from the excessive drawdown and contamination. The second objective is to control the periodic loading of the contaminant by suggesting the allowable contaminant loading mass. For this multi-objective groundwater management, the objective function to maximize both pumping rates and allowable contaminant loading mass and at the same time to satisfy the constraints for contaminant concentration and drawdown are assigned in the optimization model. The proposed methodology can be useful to provide the groundwater management options for sustainable groundwater use in the agricultural regions.

Dynamic security contingency screening and ranking using neural networks.

PubMed

Mansour, Y; Vaahedi, E; El-Sharkawi, M A

1997-01-01

This paper summarizes BC Hydro's experience in applying neural networks to dynamic security contingency screening and ranking. The idea is to use the information on the prevailing operating condition and directly provide contingency screening and ranking using a trained neural network. To train the two neural networks for the large scale systems of BC Hydro and Hydro Quebec, in total 1691 detailed transient stability simulation were conducted, 1158 for BC Hydro system and 533 for the Hydro Quebec system. The simulation program was equipped with the energy margin calculation module (second kick) to measure the energy margin in each run. The first set of results showed poor performance for the neural networks in assessing the dynamic security. However a number of corrective measures improved the results significantly. These corrective measures included: 1) the effectiveness of output; 2) the number of outputs; 3) the type of features (static versus dynamic); 4) the number of features; 5) system partitioning; and 6) the ratio of training samples to features. The final results obtained using the large scale systems of BC Hydro and Hydro Quebec demonstrates a good potential for neural network in dynamic security assessment contingency screening and ranking.

Enhancing the NOAA National Water Center WRF-Hydro model architecture to improve representation of the Midwest and Southwest CONUS climate regions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lahmers, T. M.; Castro, C. L.; Gupta, H. V.; Gochis, D.; Dugger, A. L.; Smith, M.

2016-12-01

The NOAA National Water Model (NWM), which is based on the WRF-Hydro architecture, became operational in June of 2016 to produce streamflow forecasts nationwide. In order to improve the physical process representation of NWM/WRF-Hydro, a parameterized channel infiltration function is added to the Muskingum-Cunge channel routing scheme. Representation of transmission losses along streams was previously not supported by WRF-Hydro, even though most channels in the southwest CONUS have a high depth to groundwater, and are consequently a source for recharge throughout the region. The LSM, routing grid, baseflow bucket model, and channel parameters of the modified version of NWM/WRF-Hydro are calibrated using spatial regularization in selected basins in the Midwest and Southwest CONUS. WRF-Hydro is calibrated and tested in the Verde, San Pedro, Little Sioux, Nishnabotna, and Wapsipinicon basins. The model is forced with NCEP Stage-IV and NLDAS-2 precipitation for calibration, and the effects of the precipitation climatology, including extreme events, on model performance are considered. This work advances the regional performance of WRF-Hydro through process enhancement and calibration that is highly relevant for improving model fidelity in semi-arid climates.

40 CFR 721.10690 - Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with substituted alkanediol, dodecanedioic acid, 1,2-ethanediol...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

..., alkanediol,.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxyalkanediyl], 1,3-isobenzofurandione, methylene diphenyl...-ethanediol, alkanedioic acid, alkanediol,.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxyalkanediyl], 1,3... substituted alkanediol, dodecanedioic acid, 1,2-ethanediol, alkanedioic acid, alkanediol,.alpha.-hydro-.omega...

Microfabrication and Test of a Three-Dimensional Polymer Hydro-focusing Unit for Flow Cytometry Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yang, Ren; Feeback, Daniel L.; Wang, Wanjun

2004-01-01

This paper details a novel three-dimensional (3D) hydro-focusing micro cell sorter for micro flow cytometry applications. The unit was microfabricated by means of SU-8 3D lithography. The 3D microstructure for coaxial sheathing was designed, microfabricated, and tested. Three-dimensional hydro-focusing capability was demonstrated with an experiment to sort labeled tanned sheep erythrocytes (red blood cells). This polymer hydro-focusing microstructure is easily microfabricated and integrated with other polymer microfluidic structures.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

One of the early bases that must be covered in the development of a potential small hydro site is a visit to the bank. According to Jacques P. Fiechter, a Senior Vice President with BayBank Boston, small-scale hydro financing, when properly done, is a particularly productive use of a bank's funds. Mr. Fiechter does not consider himself a hydro-expert, but with ten years of experience as a lending generalist and recent experience with several hydro projects, he describes what he likes to see in any loan application coming in.

Vibration analysis of a hydro generator for different operating regimes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haţiegan, C.; Pădureanu, I.; Jurcu, M.; Nedeloni, M. D.; Hamat, C. O.; Chioncel, C. P.; Trocaru, S.; Vasile, O.; Bădescu, O.; Micliuc, D.; (Filip Nedeloni, L.; Băra, A.; (Barboni Haţiegan, L.

2017-01-01

Based on experimental measurements, this paper presents the vibration analysis of a hydro generator that equips a Kaplan hydraulic turbine of a Hydropower plant in Romania. This analysis means vibrations measurement to different operating regimes of the hydro generator respectively before installing it and into operation, namely putting off load mode (unexcited and excited) respectively putting on load mode. By comparing, through the experimental results obtained before and after the operation of hydro aggregates are observed vibrations improvements.

11. AERIAL VIEW OF CROSSCUT FACILITY, LOOKING NORTH. THE HYDRO ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. AERIAL VIEW OF CROSSCUT FACILITY, LOOKING NORTH. THE HYDRO PLANT CENTER SITS ON THE EDGE OF RAVINE WHICH IS ACTUALLY THE BEGINNING OF THE GRAND CANAL. THE CROSS-CUT STEAM PLANT IS THE LARGE WHITE BUILDING JUST WEST OF THE HYDRO PLANT, WITH THE TRANSMISSION SWITCHYARD IN BETWEEN. THE OTHER BUILDINGS ARE SALT RIVER PROJECT FABRICATION AND EQUIPMENT SHOPS Photographer unknown, August 22, 1958 - Cross Cut Hydro Plant, North Side of Salt River, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ

Comparative fate of an organochlorine, chlordecone, and a related compound, chlordecone-5b-hydro, in soils and plants.

PubMed

Clostre, Florence; Cattan, Philippe; Gaude, Jean-Marie; Carles, Céline; Letourmy, Philippe; Lesueur-Jannoyer, Magalie

2015-11-01

We address the problem of the comparative environmental fate of a pesticide, chlordecone (CLD), and a related compound, chlordecone-5b-hydro (CLD-5b-hydro). We used a large database including data from two types of contaminated volcanic soils, andosol and nitisol, and thirteen crops grown in the French West Indies in historically polluted soils. We performed in-depth statistical analysis of the effect of different parameters (soil type, crop, organ, etc.) on the ratio of CLD-5b-hydro to CLD in both soils and plants. The environmental fate of the two compounds differed depending on the type of soil. Proportionally, more CLD-5b-hydro than CLD was measured in nitisols than in andosols. Compared to CLD, we also found a preferential transfer of CLD-5b-hydro from the soil to the plant. Finally, mobilization of the two compounds differed according to the species of crop but also within the plant, with increasing ratios from the roots to the top of the plant. The properties of the compound played a key role in the underlying processes. Because CLD-5b-hydro is more soluble in water and has a lower K(ow) than CLD, CLD-5b-hydro (1) was more easily absorbed from soils by plants, (2) was less adsorbed onto plant tissues and (3) was transported in greater quantities through the transpiration stream. Due to the amounts of CLD-5b-hydro we measured in some plant parts such as cucurbit fruits, an assessment of the toxicity of this CLD monodechlorinated product is recommended. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

HydroShare: An online, collaborative environment for the sharing of hydrologic data and models (Invited)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarboton, D. G.; Idaszak, R.; Horsburgh, J. S.; Ames, D.; Goodall, J. L.; Band, L. E.; Merwade, V.; Couch, A.; Arrigo, J.; Hooper, R. P.; Valentine, D. W.; Maidment, D. R.

2013-12-01

HydroShare is an online, collaborative system being developed for sharing hydrologic data and models. The goal of HydroShare is to enable scientists to easily discover and access data and models, retrieve them to their desktop or perform analyses in a distributed computing environment that may include grid, cloud or high performance computing model instances as necessary. Scientists may also publish outcomes (data, results or models) into HydroShare, using the system as a collaboration platform for sharing data, models and analyses. HydroShare is expanding the data sharing capability of the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System by broadening the classes of data accommodated, creating new capability to share models and model components, and taking advantage of emerging social media functionality to enhance information about and collaboration around hydrologic data and models. One of the fundamental concepts in HydroShare is that of a Resource. All content is represented using a Resource Data Model that separates system and science metadata and has elements common to all resources as well as elements specific to the types of resources HydroShare will support. These will include different data types used in the hydrology community and models and workflows that require metadata on execution functionality. HydroShare will use the integrated Rule-Oriented Data System (iRODS) to manage federated data content and perform rule-based background actions on data and model resources, including parsing to generate metadata catalog information and the execution of models and workflows. This presentation will introduce the HydroShare functionality developed to date, describe key elements of the Resource Data Model and outline the roadmap for future development.

78 FR 35624 - Shelbyville Hydro LLC; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-13

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13011-003] Shelbyville Hydro LLC; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment In accordance with the National... of Energy Projects has reviewed Shelbyville Hydro LLC's application for an original license for the...

77 FR 76029 - Certain New Chemicals; Receipt and Status Information

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-26

..., .alpha.- hydro-.omega.- hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl- 1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,3- isobenzofurandione, 1,1..., .alpha.- hydro-.omega.- hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl- 1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,3- isobenzofurandione, 1,1..., alkanediol, .alpha.- hydro-.omega.- hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl- 1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,3- isobenzofurandione, 1,1...

77 FR 2972 - Thunder Bay Power Company, Thunder Bay Power, LLC, et al.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-20

... Hydro, LLC. Dayton Fox River, LaSalle County, IL. P-2347-049 Midwest Hydro, Inc. Midwest Hydro, LLC... FR, Neenah Paper FR, Middle Appleton Dam Lower Fox River, LLC and N.E.W. LLC and N.E.W. Outagamie...

Radionuclide gas transport through nuclear explosion-generated fracture networks

DOE PAGES

Jordan, Amy B.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Knight, Earl E.; ...

2015-12-17

Underground nuclear weapon testing produces radionuclide gases which may seep to the surface. Barometric pumping of gas through explosion-fractured rock is investigated using a new sequentially-coupled hydrodynamic rock damage/gas transport model. Fracture networks are produced for two rock types (granite and tuff) and three depths of burial. The fracture networks are integrated into a flow and transport numerical model driven by surface pressure signals of differing amplitude and variability. There are major differences between predictions using a realistic fracture network and prior results that used a simplified geometry. Matrix porosity and maximum fracture aperture have the greatest impact on gasmore » breakthrough time and window of opportunity for detection, with different effects between granite and tuff simulations highlighting the importance of accurately simulating the fracture network. In particular, maximum fracture aperture has an opposite effect on tuff and granite, due to different damage patterns and their effect on the barometric pumping process. From stochastic simulations using randomly generated hydrogeologic parameters, normalized detection curves are presented to show differences in optimal sampling time for granite and tuff simulations. In conclusion, seasonal and location-based effects on breakthrough, which occur due to differences in barometric forcing, are stronger where the barometric signal is highly variable.« less

Radionuclide gas transport through nuclear explosion-generated fracture networks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jordan, Amy B.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Knight, Earl E.

Underground nuclear weapon testing produces radionuclide gases which may seep to the surface. Barometric pumping of gas through explosion-fractured rock is investigated using a new sequentially-coupled hydrodynamic rock damage/gas transport model. Fracture networks are produced for two rock types (granite and tuff) and three depths of burial. The fracture networks are integrated into a flow and transport numerical model driven by surface pressure signals of differing amplitude and variability. There are major differences between predictions using a realistic fracture network and prior results that used a simplified geometry. Matrix porosity and maximum fracture aperture have the greatest impact on gasmore » breakthrough time and window of opportunity for detection, with different effects between granite and tuff simulations highlighting the importance of accurately simulating the fracture network. In particular, maximum fracture aperture has an opposite effect on tuff and granite, due to different damage patterns and their effect on the barometric pumping process. From stochastic simulations using randomly generated hydrogeologic parameters, normalized detection curves are presented to show differences in optimal sampling time for granite and tuff simulations. In conclusion, seasonal and location-based effects on breakthrough, which occur due to differences in barometric forcing, are stronger where the barometric signal is highly variable.« less

Economic and hydrogeologic disparities govern the vulnerability of shared groundwater to strategic overdraft

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mullen, C.; Muller, M. F.

2017-12-01

Groundwater resources are depleting globally at an alarming rate. When the resource is shared, exploitation by individual users affects groundwater levels and increases pumping costs to all users. This incentivizes individual users to strategically over-pump, an effect that is challenging to keep in check because the underground nature of the resource often precludes regulations from being effectively implemented. As a result, shared groundwater resources are prone to tragedies of the commons that exacerbate their rapid depletion. However, we showed in a recent study that the vulnerability of aquifer systems to strategic overuse is strongly affected by local economic and physical characteristics, which suggests that not all shared aquifers are subject to tragedies of the commons. Building on these findings, we develop a vulnerability index based on coupled game theoretical and groundwater flow models. We show that vulnerability to strategic overdraft is driven by four intuitively interpretable adimensional parameters that describe economic and hydrogeologic disparities between the agents exploiting the aquifer. This suggests a scale-independent relation between the vulnerability of groundwater systems to common-pool overdraft and their economic and physical characteristics. We investigate this relation for a sample of existing aquifer systems and explore implications for enforceable groundwater agreements that would effectively mitigate strategic overdraft.

The Nature of Scatter at the DARHT Facility and Suggestions for Improved Modeling of DARHT Facility

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morneau, Rachel Anne; Klasky, Marc Louis

The U.S. Stockpile Stewardship Program [1] is designed to sustain and evaluate the nuclear weapons stockpile while foregoing underground nuclear tests. The maintenance of a smaller, aging U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile without underground testing requires complex computer calculations [14]. These calculations in turn need to be verified and benchmarked [14]. A wide range of research facilities have been used to test and evaluate nuclear weapons while respecting the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) [2]. Some of these facilities include the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories, and the Dual Axismore » Radiographic Hydrodynamic Test (DARHT) facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This research will focus largely on DARHT (although some information from Cygnus and the Los Alamos Microtron may be used in this research) by modeling it and comparing to experimental data. DARHT is an electron accelerator that employs high-energy flash x-ray sources for imaging hydro-tests. This research proposes to address some of the issues crucial to understanding DARHT Axis II and the analysis of the radiographic images produced. Primarily, the nature of scatter at DARHT will be modeled and verified with experimental data. It will then be shown that certain design decisions can be made to optimize the scatter field for hydrotest experiments. Spectral effects will be briefly explored to determine if there is any considerable effect on the density reconstruction caused by changes in the energy spectrum caused by target changes. Finally, a generalized scatter model will be made using results from MCNP that can be convolved with the direct transmission of an object to simulate the scatter of that object at the detector plane. The region in which with this scatter model is appropriate will be explored.« less

Reconnaissance investigations of potential ground-water and sediment contamination at three former underground storage tank locations, Fort Jackson, South Carolina, 1994

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robertson, J.F.; Nagle, Douglas D.; Rhodes, Liesl C.

1994-01-01

Investigations to provide initial qualitative delineation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination at three former underground storage tank locations at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, were made during March 1994. Ground-water and sediment samples were collected using direct-push technology and analyzed on-site with a gas chromatograph, which provided real-time, semi-quantitative data. In addition, ground-water and sediment samples were collected at selected sites for laboratory analyses to provide a confirmation of the on-site data. These analyses provided qualitative data on the lateral distri- bution of petroleum hydrocarbons. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected by on-site analysis in ground-water samples from nine locations at Site 1062, suggesting the presence of a contaminant plume. Concentrations ranged from less than the minimum detection limit to 4,511 mg/L (micrograms per liter) for benzene, 15,594 mg/L for toluene, 16,501 mg/L for ethylbenzene, and 19,391 mg/L for total xylenes. Concentrations of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons-Gasoline Range Organics ranged from 323 mg/L to 3,364 mg/L; Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons-Diesel Range Organics were not detected. Three samples from this site were analyzed for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes at a laboratory and results showed concentrations ranging from less than the minimum detection limit to 1,070 mg/L for benzene, 7,930 mg/L for toluene, 6,890 mg/L for ethylbenzene, and 1,524 mg/L for total xylenes. Petroleum hydro- carbons were detected by on-site analysis in only one sample at Site 2438. A concentration of 131,000 micrograms per kilogram Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons-Diesel Range Organics was detected in sample number GP-2-4-13.5. Petroleum hydrocarbons were detected by on-site analysis in only one ground-water sample from Site 2444. A concentration of 3,145 mg/L Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons-Gasoline Range Organics was detected at sampling location GP-3-2.

UNDERGROUNG PLACEMENT OF COAL PROCESSING WASTE AND COAL COMBUSTION BY-PRODUCTS BASED PASTE BACKFILL FOR ENHANCED MINING ECONOMICS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Y.P. Chugh; D. Biswas; D. Deb

2002-06-01

This project has successfully demonstrated that the extraction ratio in a room-and-pillar panel at an Illinois mine can be increased from the current value of approximately 56% to about 64%, with backfilling done from the surface upon completion of all mining activities. This was achieved without significant ground control problems due to the increased extraction ratio. The mined-out areas were backfilled from the surface with gob, coal combustion by-products (CCBs), and fine coal processing waste (FCPW)-based paste backfill containing 65%-70% solids to minimize short-term and long-term surface deformations risk. This concept has the potential to increase mine productivity, reduce miningmore » costs, manage large volumes of CCBs beneficially, and improve the miner's health, safety, and environment. Two injection holes were drilled over the demonstration panel to inject the paste backfill. Backfilling was started on August 11, 1999 through the first borehole. About 9,293 tons of paste backfill were injected through this borehole with a maximum flow distance of 300-ft underground. On September 27, 2000, backfilling operation was resumed through the second borehole with a mixture of F ash and FBC ash. A high-speed auger mixer (new technology) was used to mix solids with water. About 6,000 tons of paste backfill were injected underground through this hole. Underground backfilling using the ''Groutnet'' flow model was simulated. Studies indicate that grout flow over 300-foot distance is possible. Approximately 13,000 tons of grout may be pumped through a single hole. The effect of backfilling on the stability of the mine workings was analyzed using SIUPANEL.3D computer program and further verified using finite element analysis techniques. Stiffness of the backfill mix is most critical for enhancing the stability of mine workings. Mine openings do not have to be completely backfilled to enhance their stability. Backfill height of about 50% of the seam height is adequate to minimize surface deformations. Freeman United Coal Company performed engineering economic evaluation studies for commercialization. They found that the costs for underground management at the Crown III mine would be slightly higher than surface management at this time. The developed technologies have commercial potential but each site must be analyzed on its merit. The Company maintains significant interest in commercializing the technology.« less

Potash—A vital agricultural nutrient sourced from geologic deposits

USGS Publications Warehouse

Yager, Douglas B.

2016-11-15

This report summarizes the primary sources of potash in the United States. Potash is an essential nutrient that, along with phosphorus and nitrogen, is used as fertilizer for growing crops. Plants require sufficient potash to activate enzymes, which in turn catalyze chemical reactions important for water uptake and photosynthesis. When potassium is available in quantities necessary for healthy plant growth, disease resistance and physical quality are improved and crop yield and shelf life are increased. Potash is a water-soluble compound of potassium formed by geologic and hydrologic processes. The principal potash sources discussed are the large, stratiform deposits that formed during retreat and evaporation of intracontinental seas. The Paradox, Delaware, Holbrook, Michigan, and Williston sedimentary basins in the United States are examples where extensive potash beds were deposited. Ancient marine-type potash deposits that are close to the surface can be mined using conventional underground mining methods. In situ solution mining can be used where beds are too deep, making underground mining cost-prohibitive, or where underground mines are converted to in situ solution mines. Quaternary brine is another source of potash that is recovered by solar evaporation in manmade ponds. Groundwater from Pleistocene Lake Bonneville (Wendover, Utah) and the present-day Great Salt Lake in Utah are sources of potashbearing brine. Brine from these sources pumped to solar ponds is evaporated and potash concentrated for harvesting, processing, and refinement. Although there is sufficient potash to meet near-term demand, the large marine-type deposits are either geographically restricted to a few areas or are too deep to easily mine. Other regions lack sources of potash brine from groundwater or surface water. Thus, some areas of the world rely heavily on potash imports. Political, economic, and global population pressures may limit the ability of some countries from securing potash resources in the future. In this context, a historical perspective on U.S. potash production in a global framework is discussed.

[Identifying dry-weather flow and pollution load sources of separate storm sewer systems with different degrees of illicit discharge].

PubMed

Meng, Ying-ying; Feng, Cang; Li, Tian; Wang, Ling

2009-12-01

Dry-weather flow quantity and quality of three representative separate storm sewer systems in Shanghai-H, G, N were studied. Based on survey of operating status of the pumping stations as well as characteristics of the drainage systems, it was obtained that the interception sewage volumes per unit area in the three systems were 3610 m3/(km2 x d), 1550 m3/(km2 x d), 2970 m3/(km2 x d) respectively; the sanitary wastewater included accounted for 25%, 85% and 71% respectively; the interception volume of H was mainly composed of infiltrated underground water, so the dry-weather flow pollution was slighter, and the interception volumes of G, N were both mainly composed of sanitary wastewater, so the dry-weather which were flow pollution was relatively serious. The water characteristics of potential illicit discharge sources of dry-weather which were flow-grey water, black water and underground water were preliminarily explored, so that treating three parameters-LAS/ NH4+ -N, NH4+ -N/K, Mg/K as tracer parameters of grey water, black water and underground water was put forward. Moreover, the water characteristics of grey water and sanitary wastewater including black water were summarized: the feature of grey water was LAS/NH4+ -N > 0.2, NH4+ -N/K <1, and sanitary wastewater was LAS/NH4+ -N < 0.2, NH4+ -N/K >1. Based on the above, the applications of flow chart method and CMBM method in dry-weather flow detection of monitored storm systems were preliminarily discussed, and the results were basically same as that obtained in flow quantity and quality comprehensive analysis. The research results and methods can provide guidance for analysis and diagnosis of dry-weather flow sources and subsequent reconstruction projects in similar separate storm sewer systems at home.

Relations between the structure of storage and the transport of chemical compounds in karstic aquifers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vaute, L.; Drogue, C.; Garrelly, L.; Ghelfenstein, M.

1997-12-01

Study of the movement of chemical compounds naturally present in the water, or which result from pollution, are examined according to the reservoir structure in karstic aquifers. Structure is represented by a simple geometrical model; slow flow takes place in blocks with a network of low-permeability cracks. The blocks are separated by highly permeable karstic conduits that allow rapid flow, and these form the aquifer drainage system. The karst studied covers 110 km 2. It is fed by an interrupted stream draining a 35 km 2 non-karstic basin, contaminated at the entry to the karst by effluents from a sewage treatment station. The underground water reappears as a resurgence with an annual average flow of approximately 1 m 3 s -1, after an apparent underground course of 8 km in the karst. Several local sources of pollution (effluent from septic tanks) contaminate the underground water during its course. Sixteen measurement operations were performed at 12 water points, between the interrupted stream and the spring. Some sampling points were at drains, and others were in the low-permeability fissured blocks. Comparison at each point of the concentrations of 14 chemical compounds gave the following results: when pollutant discharge occurs in a permeable zone, movement is rapid in the drainage network formed by the karstic conduits, and does not reach the less permeable fissured blocks which are thus protected; however, if discharge is in a low-permeability zone, the flow does not allow rapid movement of the polluted water, and this increases the pollutant concentration at the discharge. This simple pattern can be upset by a reversal of the apparent piezometric gradient between a block and a conduit during floods or pumping; this may reverse flow directions and hence modify the movement of contaminants. The study made it possible to site five boreholes whose positions in the karstic structure were unknown, showing the interest of such an approach for the forecasting of the impact of potential pollution.

A Hydraulic Stress Measurement System for Deep Borehole Investigations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ask, Maria; Ask, Daniel; Cornet, Francois; Nilsson, Tommy

2017-04-01

Luleå University of Technology (LTU) is developing and building a wire-line system for hydraulic rock stress measurements, with funding from the Swedish Research Council and Luleå University of Technology. In this project, LTU is collaborating with University of Strasbourg and Geosigma AB. The stress state influences drilling and drillability, as well as rock mass stability and permeability. Therefore, knowledge about the state of in-situ stress (stress magnitudes, and orientations) and its spatial variation with depth is essential for many underground rock engineering projects, for example for underground storage of hazardous material (e.g. nuclear waste, carbon dioxide), deep geothermal exploration, and underground infrastructure (e.g. tunneling, hydropower dams). The system is designed to conduct hydraulic stress testing in slim boreholes. There are three types of test methods: (1) hydraulic fracturing, (2) sleeve fracturing and (3) hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures. These are robust methods for determining in situ stresses from boreholes. Integration of the three methods allows determination of the three-dimensional stress tensor and its spatial variation with depth in a scientific unambiguously way. The stress system is composed of a downhole and a surface unit. The downhole unit consists of hydraulic fracturing equipment (straddle packers and downhole imaging tool) and their associated data acquisition systems. The testing system is state of the art in several aspects including: (1) Large depth range (3 km), (2) Ability to test three borehole dimensions (N=76 mm, H=96 mm, and P=122 mm), (3) Resistivity imager maps the orientation of tested fracture; (4) Highly stiff and resistive to corrosion downhole testing equipment; and (5) Very detailed control on the injection flow rate and cumulative volume is obtained by a hydraulic injection pump with variable piston rate, and a highly sensitive flow-meter. At EGU General Assembly 2017, we would like to present this new and unique stress measurement system and some initial test results from a 1200 m long borehole in crystalline rock.

77 FR 37391 - Combined Notice of Filings #2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-21

...: Bear Swamp Power Company LLC, Brookfield Energy Marketing Inc., Brookfield Energy Marketing LP... Power, LLC, Great Lakes Hydro America LLC, Hawks Nest Hydro LLC, Longview Fibre Paper and Packaging, Inc., Rumford Falls Hydro LLC. Description: Supplement to Notice of Non-Material Change in Status of Bear Swamp...

Modeling strategic competition in hydro-thermal electricity generation markets with cascaded reservoir-hydroelectric generation plants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Uluca, Basak

This dissertation aims to achieve two goals. The first is to model the strategic interactions of firms that own cascaded reservoir-hydro plants in oligopolistic and mixed oligopolistic hydrothermal electricity generation markets. Although competition in thermal generation has been extensively modeled since the beginning of deregulation, the literature on competition in hydro generation is still limited; in particular, equilibrium models of oligopoly that study the competitive behavior of firms that own reservoir-hydro plants along the same river in hydrothermal electricity generation markets are still under development. In competitive markets, when the reservoirs are located along the same river, the water released from an upstream reservoir for electricity generation becomes input to the immediate downstream reservoir, which may be owned by a competitor, for current or future use. To capture the strategic interactions among firms with cascaded reservoir-hydro plants, the Upstream-Conjecture approach is proposed. Under the Upstream-Conjecture approach, a firm with an upstream reservoir-hydro plant assumes that firms with downstream reservoir-hydro plants will respond to changes in the upstream firm's water release by adjusting their water release by the same amount. The results of the Upstream Conjecture experiments indicate that firms that own upstream reservoirs in a cascade may have incentive to withhold or limit hydro generation, forcing a reduction in the utilization of the downstream hydro generation plants that are owned by competitors. Introducing competition to hydroelectricity generation markets is challenging and ownership allocation of the previously state-owned cascaded reservoir-hydro plants through privatization can have significant impact on the competitiveness of the generation market. The second goal of the dissertation is to extract empirical guidance about best policy choices for the ownership of the state-owned generation plants, including the cascaded reservoir-hydro plants. Specifically, an equilibrium model of oligopoly, where only private firms compete for electricity supply is proposed. Since some electricity generation markets are better characterized as mixed oligopolies, where the public firm coexists with the private firms for electricity supply, and not as oligopolies, another equilibrium model of mixed oligopoly is proposed. The proposed mixed oligopoly equilibrium model is the first implementation of such market structure in electricity markets. The mathematical models developed in this research are applied to the simplified representation of the Turkish electricity generation market to investigate the impact of various ownership allocation scenarios that may result from the privatization of the state owned generation plants, including the cascaded reservoir-hydro plants, on the competitive market outcomes.

33 CFR 100.1305 - Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. 100.1305 Section 100.1305 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. (a) Regulated area. By this regulation...

77 FR 67359 - Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC, Oregon; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 12965-002] Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC, Oregon; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment In accordance with the National... Projects has reviewed Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC's application for an original license for the Wickiup Dam...

77 FR 41980 - Uniontown Hydro, LLC, Project No. 12958-001-Kentucky and Indiana, Uniontown Hydroelectric Project...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-17

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Uniontown Hydro, LLC, Project No. 12958-001-Kentucky and Indiana, Uniontown Hydroelectric Project; Newburgh Hydro, LLC, Project No. 12962-001-Kentucky and Indiana, Newburgh Hydroelectric Project; Notice of Revised Restricted Service List for a...

77 FR 25999 - Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC; Oregon; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-02

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 12965-002] Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC; Oregon; Notice of Availability of Environmental Assessment In accordance with the National... Projects has reviewed Wickiup Hydro Group, LLC's application for an original license for the Wickiup Dam...

76 FR 44323 - National Grid Transmission Services Corporation; Bangor Hydro Electric Company; Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-25

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL11-49-000] National Grid Transmission Services Corporation; Bangor Hydro Electric Company; Notice of Petition for Declaratory Order Take..., 18 CFR 385.207, National Grid Transmission Services Corporation and Bangor Hydro Electric Company...

77 FR 55468 - Oliver Hydro LLC; Notice Soliciting Scoping Comments

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13005-003] Oliver Hydro LLC; Notice Soliciting Scoping Comments Take notice that the following hydroelectric application has been... License. b. Project No.: P-13005-003. c. Date filed: December 14, 2011. d. Applicant: Oliver Hydro LLC. e...

78 FR 62350 - FFP Qualified Hydro 14, LLC; Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency; Notice Announcing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13579-002; Project No. 14491-000] FFP Qualified Hydro 14, LLC; Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency; Notice Announcing... applications were filed by FFP Qualified Hydro 14, LLC for Project No. 13579-002 and Western Minnesota...

78 FR 62627 - Sam Rayburn Dam Rate

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-22

..., Wholesale Rates for Hydro Power and Energy Sold to Sam Rayburn Dam Electric Cooperative, Inc. (Contract No... Schedule SRD-08, Wholesale Rates for Hydro Power and Energy Sold to Sam Rayburn Dam Electric Cooperative... ADMINISTRATION RATE SCHEDULE SRD-13 \\1\\ WHOLESALE RATES FOR HYDRO POWER AND ENERGY SOLD TO SAM RAYBURN DAM...

75 FR 65312 - Vortex Hydro Energy, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-22

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13831-000] Vortex Hydro Energy, LLC; Notice of Competing Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments and Interventions October 15, 2010. On August 9, 2010, Vortex Hydro Energy, LLC filed an...

33 CFR 100.1305 - Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. 100.1305 Section 100.1305 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. (a) Regulated area. By this regulation...

33 CFR 100.1305 - Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. 100.1305 Section 100.1305 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. (a) Regulated area. By this regulation...

33 CFR 100.1305 - Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. 100.1305 Section 100.1305 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... Richland, Washington, west coast outboard championship hydro races. (a) Regulated area. By this regulation...

Microfabrication and Test of a Three-Dimensional Polymer Hydro-focusing Unit for Flow Cytometry Applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yang, Ren; Feeback, Daniel L.; Wang, Wan-Jun

2005-01-01

This paper details a novel three-dimensional (3D) hydro-focusing micro cell sorter for micro flow cytometry applications. The unit was microfabricated by means of SU-8 3D lithography. The 3D microstructure for coaxial sheathing was designed, microfabricated, and tested. Three-dimensional hydrofocusing capability was demonstrated with an experiment to sort labeled tanned sheep erythrocytes (red blood cells). This polymer hydro-focusing microstructure is easily microfabricated and integrated with other polymer microfluidic structures. Keywords: SU-8, three-dimensional hydro-focusing, microfluidic, microchannel, cytometer

Modeling Responses of Naturally Fractured Geothermal Reservoir to Low-Pressure Stimulation

DOE Data Explorer

Fu, Pengcheng; Carrigan, Charles R.

2012-01-01

Hydraulic shearing is an appealing reservoir stimulation strategy for Enhanced Geothermal Systems. It is believed that hydro-shearing is likely to simulate a fracture network that covers a relatively large volume of the reservoir whereas hydro-fracturing tends to create a small number of fractures. In this paper, we examine the geomechanical and hydraulic behaviors of natural fracture systems subjected to hydro-shearing stimulation and develop a coupled numerical model within the framework of discrete fracture network modeling. We found that in the low pressure hydro-shearing regime, the coupling between the fluid phase and the rock solid phase is relatively simple, and the numerical model is computationally efficient. Using this modified model, we study the behavior of a random fracture network subjected to hydro-shearing stimulation.

Surgical hand antisepsis in veterinary practice: evaluation of soap scrubs and alcohol based rub techniques.

PubMed

Verwilghen, Denis R; Mainil, Jacques; Mastrocicco, Emilie; Hamaide, Annick; Detilleux, Johann; van Galen, Gaby; Serteyn, Didier; Grulke, Sigrid

2011-12-01

Recent studies have shown that hydro-alcoholic solutions are more efficient than traditional medicated soaps in the pre-surgical hand antisepsis of human surgeons but there is little veterinary literature on the subject. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of medicated soaps and a hydro-alcoholic solution prior to surgery using an in-use testing method in a veterinary setting. A preliminary trial was performed that compared the mean log(10) number of bacterial colony forming units (CFU) and the reduction factors (RF) between two 5-min hand-scrubbing sessions using different soaps, namely, povidone iodine (PVP) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), and the 1.5-min application of a hydro-alcoholic rub. A clinical in-use trial was then used to compare the hydro-alcoholic rub and CHX in a surgical setting. Sampling was performed using finger printing on agar plates. The hydro-alcoholic rub and CHX had a similar immediate effect, although the sustained effect was significantly better for the hydro-alcoholic rub, while PVP had a significantly lower immediate and sustained effect. The hydro-alcoholic rub showed good efficiency in the clinical trial and could be considered as a useful alternative method for veterinary surgical hand antisepsis. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

HydroDesktop as a Community Designed and Developed Resource for Hydrologic Data Discovery and Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ames, D. P.

2013-12-01

As has been seen in other informatics fields, well-documented and appropriately licensed open source software tools have the potential to significantly increase both opportunities and motivation for inter-institutional science and technology collaboration. The CUAHSI HIS (and related HydroShare) projects have aimed to foster such activities in hydrology resulting in the development of many useful community software components including the HydroDesktop software application. HydroDesktop is an open source, GIS-based, scriptable software application for discovering data on the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System and related resources. It includes a well-defined plugin architecture and interface to allow 3rd party developers to create extensions and add new functionality without requiring recompiling of the full source code. HydroDesktop is built in the C# programming language and uses the open source DotSpatial GIS engine for spatial data management. Capabilities include data search, discovery, download, visualization, and export. An extension that integrates the R programming language with HydroDesktop provides scripting and data automation capabilities and an OpenMI plugin provides the ability to link models. Current revision and updates to HydroDesktop include migration of core business logic to cross platform, scriptable Python code modules that can be executed in any operating system or linked into other software front-end applications.

Collaborative Sharing of Multidimensional Space-time Data Using HydroShare

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gan, T.; Tarboton, D. G.; Horsburgh, J. S.; Dash, P. K.; Idaszak, R.; Yi, H.; Blanton, B.

2015-12-01

HydroShare is a collaborative environment being developed for sharing hydrological data and models. It includes capability to upload data in many formats as resources that can be shared. The HydroShare data model for resources uses a specific format for the representation of each type of data and specifies metadata common to all resource types as well as metadata unique to specific resource types. The Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) was chosen as the format for multidimensional space-time data in HydroShare. NetCDF is widely used in hydrological and other geoscience modeling because it contains self-describing metadata and supports the creation of array-oriented datasets that may include three spatial dimensions, a time dimension and other user defined dimensions. For example, NetCDF may be used to represent precipitation or surface air temperature fields that have two dimensions in space and one dimension in time. This presentation will illustrate how NetCDF files are used in HydroShare. When a NetCDF file is loaded into HydroShare, header information is extracted using the "ncdump" utility. Python functions developed for the Django web framework on which HydroShare is based, extract science metadata present in the NetCDF file, saving the user from having to enter it. Where the file follows Climate Forecast (CF) convention and Attribute Convention for Dataset Discovery (ACDD) standards, metadata is thus automatically populated. Users also have the ability to add metadata to the resource that may not have been present in the original NetCDF file. HydroShare's metadata editing functionality then writes this science metadata back into the NetCDF file to maintain consistency between the science metadata in HydroShare and the metadata in the NetCDF file. This further helps researchers easily add metadata information following the CF and ACDD conventions. Additional data inspection and subsetting functions were developed, taking advantage of Python and command line libraries for working with NetCDF files. We describe the design and implementation of these features and illustrate how NetCDF files from a modeling application may be curated in HydroShare and thus enhance reproducibility of the associated research. We also discuss future development planned for multidimensional space-time data in HydroShare.

Prediction of the flooding of a mining reservoir in NW Spain.

PubMed

Álvarez, R; Ordóñez, A; De Miguel, E; Loredo, C

2016-12-15

Abandoned and flooded mines constitute underground reservoirs which must be managed. When pumping is stopped in a closed mine, the process of flooding should be anticipated in order to avoid environmentally undesirable or unexpected mine water discharges at the surface, particularly in populated areas. The Candín-Fondón mining reservoir in Asturias (NW Spain) has an estimated void volume of 8 million m 3 and some urban areas are susceptible to be flooded if the water is freely released from the lowest mine adit/pithead. A conceptual model of this reservoir was undertaken and the flooding process was numerically modelled in order to estimate the time that the flooding would take. Additionally, the maximum safe height for the filling of the reservoir is discussed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Conjunctively optimizing flash flood control and water quality in urban water reservoirs by model predictive control and dynamic emulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galelli, Stefano; Goedbloed, Albert; Schmitter, Petra; Castelletti, Andrea

2014-05-01

Urban water reservoirs are a viable adaptation option to account for increasing drinking water demand of urbanized areas as they allow storage and re-use of water that is normally lost. In addition, the direct availability of freshwater reduces pumping costs and diversifies the portfolios of drinking water supply. Yet, these benefits have an associated twofold cost. Firstly, the presence of large, impervious areas increases the hydraulic efficiency of urban catchments, with short time of concentration, increased runoff rates, losses of infiltration and baseflow, and higher risk of flash floods. Secondly, the high concentration of nutrients and sediments characterizing urban discharges is likely to cause water quality problems. In this study we propose a new control scheme combining Model Predictive Control (MPC), hydro-meteorological forecasts and dynamic model emulation to design real-time operating policies that conjunctively optimize water quantity and quality targets. The main advantage of this scheme stands in its capability of exploiting real-time hydro-meteorological forecasts, which are crucial in such fast-varying systems. In addition, the reduced computational requests of the MPC scheme allows coupling it with dynamic emulators of water quality processes. The approach is demonstrated on Marina Reservoir, a multi-purpose reservoir located in the heart of Singapore and characterized by a large, highly urbanized catchment with a short (i.e. approximately one hour) time of concentration. Results show that the MPC scheme, coupled with a water quality emulator, provides a good compromise between different operating objectives, namely flood risk reduction, drinking water supply and salinity control. Finally, the scheme is used to assess the effect of source control measures (e.g. green roofs) aimed at restoring the natural hydrological regime of Marina Reservoir catchment.

Progress in energy generation for Canadian remote sites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saad, Y.; Younes, R.; Abboudi, S.; Ilinca, A.; Nohra, C.

2016-07-01

Many remote areas around the world are isolated, for various reasons, from electricity networks. They are usually supplied with electricity through diesel generators. The cost of operation and transportation of diesel fuel in addition to its price have led to the procurement of a more efficient and environmentally greener method of supply. Various studies have shown that a wind-diesel hybrid system with compressed air storage (WDCAS) seems to be one of the best solutions, and presents itself as an optimal configuration for the electrification of isolated sites. This system allows significant fuel savings to be made because the stored compressed air is used to supercharge the engine. In order to optimize system performance and minimize fuel consumption, installation of a system for recovering and storing the heat of compression (TES) seems necessary. In addition, the use of hydro-pneumatic energy storage systems that use the same machine as the hydraulic pump and turbine allow us to store energy in tight spaces and, if possible, contribute to power generation. The scrupulous study of this technical approach will be the focus of our research which will validate (or not) the use of such a system for the regulation of frequency of electrical networks. In this article we will skim through the main research that recently examined the wind-diesel hybrid system which addressed topics such as adiabatic compression and hydro-pneumatic storage. Instead, we will offer (based on existing studies) a new ACP-WDCAS (wind-diesel hybrid system with adiabatic air compression and storage at constant pressure), which combines these three concepts in one system for the optimization of wind-diesel hybrid system.

Opportunities for electricity storage in deregulating markets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Graves, F.; Jenkin, T.; Murphy, D.

1999-10-01

This article addresses the value of electricity storage and its ability to take advantage of emerging energy arbitrage opportunities: buying power when it is inexpensive, and reselling it at a higher price. The focus of this article is on electricity markets and the opportunities they present for a merchant storage device, rather than on storage technologies themselves. There are a number of existing and emerging storage technologies: pumped hydro, various batteries, compressed air energy storage (CAES), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), flywheels--even conventional hydro has storage-like properties. However, all these technologies operated on the same basic principle of exploiting short-termmore » differentials in electricity prices: buy low, sell high (a strategy that is actually meaningful in electricity markets, unlike in financial markets). The object of this article is to develop and demonstrate a means for assessing the potential value of storage in different electricity markets, rather than to attempt to assess the prospects of a particular technology. The approach taken here is to look at price data from a number of actual electricity markets to determine what opportunities they might offer to a generic storage device. A storage technology is described here by its basic performance parameters--charge and generate capacity, energy inventory limits, and efficiency--which are sufficient to assess the basic economic potential of storage in a given market. The authors look primarily at US markets, but also compare and contrast findings with the situation in foreign markets in the U.K., Norway, Canada, and Australia, and discuss how market structure can influence the value of storage. Moreover, the authors use empirically observed relationships between hourly and 5 x 16 blocked prices to infer a rule for adjusting the value of storage assets in regions where only blocked price information is available.« less

The HydroShare Collaborative Repository for the Hydrology Community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarboton, D. G.; Idaszak, R.; Horsburgh, J. S.; Ames, D. P.; Goodall, J. L.; Couch, A.; Hooper, R. P.; Dash, P. K.; Stealey, M.; Yi, H.; Bandaragoda, C.; Castronova, A. M.

2017-12-01

HydroShare is an online, collaboration system for sharing of hydrologic data, analytical tools, and models. It supports the sharing of, and collaboration around, "resources" which are defined by standardized content types for data formats and models commonly used in hydrology. With HydroShare you can: Share your data and models with colleagues; Manage who has access to the content that you share; Share, access, visualize and manipulate a broad set of hydrologic data types and models; Use the web services application programming interface (API) to program automated and client access; Publish data and models and obtain a citable digital object identifier (DOI); Aggregate your resources into collections; Discover and access data and models published by others; Use web apps to visualize, analyze and run models on data in HydroShare. This presentation will describe the functionality and architecture of HydroShare highlighting our approach to making this system easy to use and serving the needs of the hydrology community represented by the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. (CUAHSI). Metadata for uploaded files is harvested automatically or captured using easy to use web user interfaces. Users are encouraged to add or create resources in HydroShare early in the data life cycle. To encourage this we allow users to share and collaborate on HydroShare resources privately among individual users or groups, entering metadata while doing the work. HydroShare also provides enhanced functionality for users through web apps that provide tools and computational capability for actions on resources. HydroShare's architecture broadly is comprised of: (1) resource storage, (2) resource exploration website, and (3) web apps for actions on resources. System components are loosely coupled and interact through APIs, which enhances robustness, as components can be upgraded and advanced relatively independently. The full power of this paradigm is the extensibility it supports. Web apps are hosted on separate servers, which may be 3rd party servers. They are registered in HydroShare using a web app resource that configures the connectivity for them to be discovered and launched directly from resource types they are associated with.

Power fluctuation reduction methodology for the grid-connected renewable power systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aula, Fadhil T.; Lee, Samuel C.

2013-04-01

This paper presents a new methodology for eliminating the influence of the power fluctuations of the renewable power systems. The renewable energy, which is to be considered an uncertain and uncontrollable resource, can only provide irregular electrical power to the power grid. This irregularity creates fluctuations of the generated power from the renewable power systems. These fluctuations cause instability to the power system and influence the operation of conventional power plants. Overall, the power system is vulnerable to collapse if necessary actions are not taken to reduce the impact of these fluctuations. This methodology aims at reducing these fluctuations and makes the generated power capability for covering the power consumption. This requires a prediction tool for estimating the generated power in advance to provide the range and the time of occurrence of the fluctuations. Since most of the renewable energies are weather based, as a result a weather forecast technique will be used for predicting the generated power. The reduction of the fluctuation also requires stabilizing facilities to maintain the output power at a desired level. In this study, a wind farm and a photovoltaic array as renewable power systems and a pumped-storage and batteries as stabilizing facilities are used, since they are best suitable for compensating the fluctuations of these types of power suppliers. As an illustrative example, a model of wind and photovoltaic power systems with battery energy and pumped hydro storage facilities for power fluctuation reduction is included, and its power fluctuation reduction is verified through simulation.

75 FR 11153 - Hydro Energy Technologies, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-10

...-long gravity dam; (2) a existing 36-acre impoundment with a storage capacity of 250 acre feet.; (3) an... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13627-000] Hydro Energy..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications March 1, 2010. On November 6, 2009, Hydro Energy...

75 FR 12229 - Sweetwater Hydro, LLC and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-15

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13615-000] Sweetwater Hydro, LLC and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and..., Sweetwater Hydro, LLC and Ute Mountain Ute Tribe filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to...

78 FR 62359 - Red River Hydro LLC; Notice of Availability of Final Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13160-004] Red River Hydro... Projects has reviewed Red River Hydro LLC's application for an original license for the Overton Lock and... (EA). The project would be located on the Red River in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, at an existing lock...

78 FR 36767 - Red River Hydro LLC; Notice of Availability of Draft Environmental Assessment

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-19

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13160-004] Red River Hydro... Projects has reviewed Red River Hydro LLC's application for an original license for the Overton Lock and... assessment (draft EA). The project would be located on the Red River in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, at an...

77 FR 35371 - Qualified Hydro 24, LLC; Notice of Cancellation of Scoping Meetings and Environmental Site Review

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-13

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13843-001] Qualified Hydro 24, LLC; Notice of Cancellation of Scoping Meetings and Environmental Site Review Take notice that Qualified Hydro 24, LLC, filed a request on June 4, 2012, to surrender the preliminary permit for the...

77 FR 25715 - Mississippi 8 Hydro, LLC; FFP Project 98, LLC, ; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-01

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No., 13010-002; Project No., 14272-000] Mississippi 8 Hydro, LLC; FFP Project 98, LLC, ; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for.... Mississippi 8 Hydro, LLC--Project No. 13010-002. 2. FFP Project 98, LLC--Project No. 14272-000. Dated: April...

76 FR 4893 - FFP Missouri 13, LLC, Grays Hydro, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-27

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13763-000; Project No. 13772-000] FFP Missouri 13, LLC, Grays Hydro, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing January... No. 13763-000, and Grays Hydro, LLC, for Project No. 13772-000. \\1\\ The Commission is open each day...

77 FR 12281 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; FFP Project 55, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14185-000; Project No. 14196-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; FFP Project 55, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit... County, Kentucky. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV for Project No. 14185-000...

76 FR 1427 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVIII; FFP Missouri 15, LLC Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13809-000; Project No. 13814-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVIII; FFP Missouri 15, LLC Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... order of priority is as follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVIII........ Project No. 13809-000...

76 FR 34071 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund I; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14107-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund I; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On March 4, 2011, Lock Hydro Friends Fund I, filed an...

78 FR 49509 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC; FFP Project 121, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-14

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [ Project No. 13625-003; Project No. 14504-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC; FFP Project 121, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit... and Jefferson County, Ohio. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXX, LLC for...

76 FR 18755 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund LII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13810-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund LII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On July 12, 2010, Lock Hydro Friends Fund LII, filed an...

78 FR 72879 - Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III, LLC; Notice Announcing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-04

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14540-000; Project No. 14539-000] Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency; Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III, LLC; Notice.... 14540-000 2. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund III, LLC Project No. 14539-000 Dated: November 26, 2013. Nathaniel...

77 FR 9232 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Project 57, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14186-000; Project No. 14197-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Project 57, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit.... The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV for Project No. 14186-000 and FFP Project...

75 FR 27769 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13711-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications May 11, 2010. On April 13, 2010 Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund...

76 FR 3626 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13808-000; Project No. 13813-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit..., near Augusta, Georgia.\\1\\ The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX, for Project No...

77 FR 9230 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII; FFP Project 52, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [ Project No. 14178-000; Project No. 14190-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII; FFP Project 52, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit... County, Arkansas. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII for Project No. 14178-000...

77 FR 9232 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 58, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14187-000; Project No. 14199-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 58, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit... County, Kentucky. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV for Project No. 14187-000...

77 FR 9231 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXVIII; FFP Project 59, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14188-000; 14200-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXVIII; FFP Project 59, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The.... The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXVIII for Project No. 14188-000 and FFP...

76 FR 18755 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund LI; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-05

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13818-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund LI; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On July 16, 2010, Lock Hydro Friends Fund LI, filed an...

75 FR 27770 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13710-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VIII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications May 11, 2010. On April 13, 2010 Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund...

77 FR 14516 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-12

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14339-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On December 22, 2011, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund VII filed...

76 FR 54765 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-02

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14253-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On August 10, 2011, the Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV filed...

77 FR 9915 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV; FFP Project 51, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14179-000; Project No. 14194-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV; FFP Project 51, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit.... The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV for Project No. 14179-000 and FFP Project...

78 FR 62324 - Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-16

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On September 25, 2013, Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA), proposing to...

78 FR 22873 - Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-17

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On February 19, 2013, Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA...

78 FR 60271 - Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-01

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On August 16, 2013, Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA), proposing to...

78 FR 8512 - West Street Hydro, Inc.; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

... Hydro, Inc.; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On December 10, 2012, West Street Hydro, Inc., filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act, proposing to study...

78 FR 69081 - Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-18

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On September 9, 2013, Mid-Atlantic Hydro, LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA), proposing to...

78 FR 28838 - Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-16

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On March 26, 2013, Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA), proposing to...

78 FR 22872 - Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-17

... Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On February 19, 2013, Hamilton Street Hydro, LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA...

75 FR 47808 - Verde Hydro, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-09

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13819-000] Verde Hydro, LLC... Intervene, and Competing Applications August 2, 2010. On July 21, 2010, Verde Hydro, LLC filed an... the feasibility of the Verde Hydroelectric Project, located in Maricopa County, in the State of...

A Research Plan for Assessing the Power and Energy Capability of a River Network Under an Integrated Wind/Hydro-Electric Dispatchable Regime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Banka, John Czeslaw

The world strives for more clean and renewable energy, but the amount of dispatchable energy in river networks is not accurately known and difficult to assess. When wind is integrated with water, the dispatchable yield can be greatly increased, but the uncertainty of the wind further degrades predictability. This thesis demonstrates how simulating the flows is a river network integrated with wind over a long time domain yields a solution. Time-shifting the freshet and pumped storage will ameliorate the seasonal summer drought; the risk of ice jams and uncontrolled flooding is reduced. An artificial market eliminates the issue of surplus energy from wind at night. Furthermore, this thesis shows how the necessary infrastructure can be built to accomplish the goals of the intended research. While specific to Northern Ontario and sensitive to the lives of the Native peoples living there, it indicates where the research might be applicable elsewhere in the world.

Rapid transport from the surface to wells in fractured rock: a unique infiltration tracer experiment.

PubMed

Levison, Jana K; Novakowski, Kent S

2012-04-01

A unique infiltration tracer experiment was performed whereby a fluorescent dye was applied to the land surface in an agricultural field, near Perth, Ontario, Canada, to simulate the transport of solutes to two pumped monitoring wells drilled into the granitic gneiss aquifer. This experiment, interpreted using the discrete-fracture capability of the numerical model HydroGeoSphere, showed that solute transport from the surface through thin soil (less than 2m) to wells in fractured bedrock can be extremely rapid (on the order of hours). Also, it was demonstrated that maximum concentrations of contaminants originating from the ground surface will not necessarily be the highest in the shallow aquifer horizon. These are important considerations for both private and government-owned drinking water systems that draw water from shallow fractured bedrock aquifers. This research illustrates the extreme importance of protecting drinking water at the source. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Integrated Hydro-geomorphological Monitoring System of the Upper Bussento river basin (Cilento and Vallo Diano Geopark, S-Italy)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guida, D.; Cuomo, A.; Longobardi, A.; Villani, P.; Guida, M.; Guadagnuolo, D.; Cestari, A.; Siervo, V.; Benevento, G.; Sorvino, S.; Doto, R.; Verrone, M.; De Vita, A.; Aloia, A.; Positano, P.

2012-04-01

The Mediterranean river ecosystem functionings are supported by river-aquifer interactions. The assessment of their ecological services requires interdisciplinary scientific approaches, integrate monitoring systems and inter-institutional planning and management. This poster illustrates the Hydro-geomorphological Monitoring System build-up in the Upper Bussento river basin by the University of Salerno, in agreement with the local Basin Autorities and in extension to the other river basins located in the Cilento and Vallo Diano National Park (southern Italy), recently accepted in the European Geopark Network. The Monitoring System is based on a hierarchical Hydro-geomorphological Model (HGM), improved in a multiscale, nested and object-oriented Hydro-geomorphological Informative System (HGIS, Figure 1). Hydro-objects are topologically linked and functionally bounded by Hydro-elements at various levels of homogeneity (Table 1). Spatial Hydro-geomorpho-system, HG-complex and HG-unit support respectively areal Hydro-objects, as basin, sector and catchment and linear Hydro-objects, as river, segment, reach and section. Runoff initiation points, springs, disappearing points, junctions, gaining and water losing points complete the Hydro-systems. An automatic procedure use the Pfafstetter coding to hierarchically divide a terrain into arbitrarily small hydro-geomorphological units (basin, interfluve, headwater and no-contribution areas, each with a unique label with hierarchical topological properties. To obtain a hierarchy of hydro-geomorphological units, the method is then applied recursively on each basin and interbasin, and labels of the subdivided regions are appended to the existing label of the original region. The monitoring stations are ranked consequently in main, secondary, temporary and random and located progressively at the points or sections representative for the hydro-geomorphological responses by validation control and modeling calibration. The datasets are organized into a relational geodatabase supporting tracer testings, space-time analysis and hydrological modeling. At the moment, three main station for hourly streamflow measurements are located at the terminal sections of the main basin and the two main sub-basin; secondary stations for weekly discharge measurements are located along the Upper Bussento river segment, upstream and downstream of each river reach or tributary catchments or karst spring inflow. Temporary stations are located in the representative sections of the catchments to detect stream flow losses into alluvial beds or experimental parcels in the bare karst and forested sandstone headwaters. Streamflow measurements are combined with geochemical survey and water sampling for Radon activity concentration measurements. Results of measurement campains in Radon space-time distribution within the basin are given in other contribution of same EGU session. Monitoring results confirm the hourly, daily, weekly and monthly hydrological data and validate outcomes of semi-distributed hydrological models based on previously time series, allowing both academic consultants and institutional subject to extend the Integrated Hydro-geomorphological Monitoring System to the surrounding drainage areas of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano Geopark. Keywords: River-aquifer interaction, Upper Bussento river basin, monitoring system, hydro-geomorphology, semi-distributed hydrological model. Table 1: Comparative, hierarchical Hydro-morpho-climate entities Hierarchy levelArea (Km2) Scale Orography Entity Climate Entity Morfological Entity Areal Drainage Entity Linear Drainage Entity VIII 106 1:15E6 Orogen Macroscale α Morphological Region Hydrological Region VII 105 1:10E6 Chain Sistem Macroscale β Morphological Province Hydrological Province VI 104 1:5E5 Chain Mesoscale α Morphological Sistem Basin River V 103 1:2,5E5Chain Segment Mesoscale β Morphological Sub-systemSub-Basin Torrent IV 100 1:1,0E5Orographic Group Mesoscale γ Morphological Complex Basin Sector Mid Order Channel/ Segment III 10 1: 5E4 Orographic System Microscale αMorphological Unit Watershed Low Order Channel/ Reach II 1 1:2,5E3Orographic ComplexMicroscale βMorphological ComponentCatchment Transient Channel/ Pool I 10-2 1:5E3 Orographic Unit Microscale γMorphological Element Hollow Zero Order Channel PIC

Brazil upgrades microwave system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Newman, H.S.; Gomes, H.P.

1979-02-01

To provide communications facilities necessary during major construction projects, and for the operation and control of the expanding electric-power network, in 1967 Furnas-Centrais Eletricas SA, Brazil, started installing the first 22 links of its microwave system, from the Botafogo plant in Rio de Janeiro to the Furnas hydro station, and from the Furnas hydro station, southwest, to the Guarulhos plant in Sao Paulo and northwest to the Estreito hydro plant. To accommodate the construction of additional hydroelectric facilities, the second and third microwave-system expansions added nine links from Estreito hydro, northwest, to Marimbondo hydro and 7 links to Itumbiara. Themore » fourth expansion included two links to connect with the Angra dos Reis nuclear generating plant. A modern SCADA system replaced an earlier fault-reporting method, and a means of monitoring performance communications was established.« less

Borehole Heat Exchanger Systems: Hydraulic Conductivity and Frost-Resistance of Backfill Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anbergen, Hauke; Sass, Ingo

2016-04-01

Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems are economic solutions for both, domestic heating energy supply, as well as underground thermal energy storage (UTES). Over the past decades the technology developed to complex, advanced and highly efficient systems. For an efficient operation of the most common type of UTES, borehole heat exchanger (BHE) systems, it is necessary to design the system for a wide range of carrier fluid temperatures. During heat extraction, a cooled carrier fluid is heated up by geothermal energy. This collected thermal energy is energetically used by the heat pump. Thereby the carrier fluid temperature must have a lower temperature than the surrounding underground in order to collect heat energy. The steeper the thermal gradient, the more energy is transferred to the carrier fluid. The heat injection case works vice versa. For fast and sufficient heat extraction, even over long periods of heating (winter), it might become necessary to run the BHE with fluid temperatures below 0°C. As the heat pump runs periodically, a cyclic freezing of the pore water and corresponding ice-lens growth in the nearfield of the BHE pipes becomes possible. These so called freeze-thaw-cycles (FTC) are a critical state for the backfill material, as the sealing effect eventually decreases. From a hydrogeological point of view the vertical sealing of the BHE needs to be secured at any time (e.g. VDI 4640-2, Draft 2015). The vertical hydraulic conductivity of the BHE is influenced not only by the permeability of the grouting material itself, but by the contact area between BHE pipes and grout. In order to assess the sealing capacity of grouting materials a laboratory testing procedure was developed that measures the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the system BHE pipe and grout. The key features of the procedure are: • assessment of the systeḿs hydraulic conductivity • assessment of the systeḿs hydraulic conductivity after simulation of freeze-thaw-cycle • constant radial stress boundary conditions (sigma 2 = sigma 3 = constant) • radial freezing from inside out, following the in-situ freezing direction The results differ substantially from prior test procedures (such as standardized frost tests for concrete or soft soils). Concentric frost-induced cracking was observed. The cracking pattern is in good agreement with cryostatic suction processes and frost heave in fine grained soils. The hydraulic conductivity of the system depends on the composition of the grout. With the developed testing device (and procedure) a unified and independent assessment and quality control becomes feasible. Adequate materials for advanced shallow geothermal systems can be clearly identified.

Joint atmospheric-terrestrial water balances for East Africa: a WRF-Hydro case study for the upper Tana River basin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kerandi, Noah; Arnault, Joel; Laux, Patrick; Wagner, Sven; Kitheka, Johnson; Kunstmann, Harald

2018-02-01

For an improved understanding of the hydrometeorological conditions of the Tana River basin of Kenya, East Africa, its joint atmospheric-terrestrial water balances are investigated. This is achieved through the application of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and the fully coupled WRF-Hydro modeling system over the Mathioya-Sagana subcatchment (3279 km2) and its surroundings in the upper Tana River basin for 4 years (2011-2014). The model setup consists of an outer domain at 25 km (East Africa) and an inner one at 5-km (Mathioya-Sagana subcatchment) horizontal resolution. The WRF-Hydro inner domain is enhanced with hydrological routing at 500-m horizontal resolution. The results from the fully coupled modeling system are compared to those of the WRF-only model. The coupled WRF-Hydro slightly reduces precipitation, evapotranspiration, and the soil water storage but increases runoff. The total precipitation from March to May and October to December for WRF-only (974 mm/year) and coupled WRF-Hydro (940 mm/year) is closer to that derived from the Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) data (989 mm/year) than from the TRMM (795 mm/year) precipitation product. The coupled WRF-Hydro-accumulated discharge (323 mm/year) is close to that observed (333 mm/year). However, the coupled WRF-Hydro underestimates the observed peak flows registering low but acceptable NSE (0.02) and RSR (0.99) at daily time step. The precipitation recycling and efficiency measures between WRF-only and coupled WRF-Hydro are very close and small. This suggests that most of precipitation in the region comes from moisture advection from the outside of the analysis domain, indicating a minor impact of potential land-precipitation feedback mechanisms in this case. The coupled WRF-Hydro nonetheless serves as a tool in quantifying the atmospheric-terrestrial water balance in this region.

The HydroServer Platform for Sharing Hydrologic Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tarboton, D. G.; Horsburgh, J. S.; Schreuders, K.; Maidment, D. R.; Zaslavsky, I.; Valentine, D. W.

2010-12-01

The CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System (HIS) is an internet based system that supports sharing of hydrologic data. HIS consists of databases connected using the Internet through Web services, as well as software for data discovery, access, and publication. The HIS system architecture is comprised of servers for publishing and sharing data, a centralized catalog to support cross server data discovery and a desktop client to access and analyze data. This paper focuses on HydroServer, the component developed for sharing and publishing space-time hydrologic datasets. A HydroServer is a computer server that contains a collection of databases, web services, tools, and software applications that allow data producers to store, publish, and manage the data from an experimental watershed or project site. HydroServer is designed to permit publication of data as part of a distributed national/international system, while still locally managing access to the data. We describe the HydroServer architecture and software stack, including tools for managing and publishing time series data for fixed point monitoring sites as well as spatially distributed, GIS datasets that describe a particular study area, watershed, or region. HydroServer adopts a standards based approach to data publication, relying on accepted and emerging standards for data storage and transfer. CUAHSI developed HydroServer code is free with community code development managed through the codeplex open source code repository and development system. There is some reliance on widely used commercial software for general purpose and standard data publication capability. The sharing of data in a common format is one way to stimulate interdisciplinary research and collaboration. It is anticipated that the growing, distributed network of HydroServers will facilitate cross-site comparisons and large scale studies that synthesize information from diverse settings, making the network as a whole greater than the sum of its parts in advancing hydrologic research. Details of the CUAHSI HIS can be found at http://his.cuahsi.org, and HydroServer codeplex site http://hydroserver.codeplex.com.

Mechanical Clogging Processes in Unconsolidated Porous Media Near Pumping Wells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Zwart, B.; Schotting, R.; Hassanizadeh, M.

2003-12-01

In the Netherlands water supply companies produce over more than one billion cubic meters of drinking water every year. About 2500 water wells are used to pump up the groundwater from aquifers in the Dutch subsurface. More than 50% of these wells will encounter a number of technical problems during their lifetime. The main problem is the decrease in capacity due to well clogging. Clogging shows up after a number of operation years and results in extra, expensive cleaning operations and in early replacement of the pumping wells. This problem has been acknowledged by other industries, for example the metal, petroleum, beer industry and underground storage projects. Well clogging is the result of a number of interacting mechanisms creating a complex problem in the subsurface. In most clogging cases mechanical mechanisms are involved. A large number of studies have been performed to comprehend these processes. Investigations on mechanical processes are focused on transport of small particles through pores and deposition of particles due to physical or physical-chemical processes. After a period of deposition the particles plug the pores and decrease the permeability of the medium. Particle deposition in porous media is usually modelled using filtration theory. In order to get the dynamics of clogging this theory is not sufficient. The porous media is continuously altered due to deposition and mobilization. Therefore the capture characteristics will also continuously change and deposition rates will change in time. A new formula is derived to describe (re)mobilization of particles and allow changing deposition rates. This approach incorporates detachment and reattachment of deposited particles. This work also includes derivation of the filtration theory in radial coordinates. A comparison between the radial filtration theory and the new formula will be shown.

76 FR 26284 - FirstLight Hydro Generating Company, City of Norwich Dept. of Public Utilities; Notice of Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 2662-012-CT; Project No. 12968-001-CT] FirstLight Hydro Generating Company, City of Norwich Dept. of Public Utilities; Notice of...Light Hydro Generating Company and the City of Norwich Dept. of Public Utilities to discuss the...

76 FR 35873 - Blue Heron Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Ready for Environmental Analysis and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-20

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Project No. 13226-003] Blue Heron Hydro... Major License. b. Project No.: 13226-003. c. Date filed: November 1, 2010. d. Applicant: Blue Heron..., Blue Heron Hydro LLC, 113 Bartlett Road, Plainfield, Vermont 05667. (802) 454-1874. i. FERC Contact: Dr...

Observed and Modeled Bio-Optical, Bioluminescent, and Physical Properties during a Coastal Upwelling Event in Monterey Bay, California

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-27

users’ guide, report, Sequoia Sei., Inc., Mercer Island, Wash. (Available at http://www. HydroLight. info). Moblcy, C. D., and L. K. Sundman (2001b...HydroLight 4.2 technical doc- umentation, report. Sequoia Sei.. Inc., Mercer Island. Wash. (Available at http://www.HydroLight.info). Molinc, M

77 FR 34371 - Red River Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Tendered for Filing With the Commission and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-11

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13160-004] Red River Hydro... Application: Original Major License. b. Project No.: 13160-004. c. Date Filed: May 24, 2012. d. Applicant: Red River Hydro LLC (Red River), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Symbiotics LLC. e. Name of Project: Overton...

76 FR 49462 - Red River Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Tendered For Filing With the Commission and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-10

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13160-002] Red River Hydro... Application: New Major License. b. Project No.: 13160-002. c. Date Filed: July 29, 2011. d. Applicant: Red River Hydro LLC (Red River), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Symbiotics LLC. e. Name of Project: Overton...

77 FR 59608 - Go Green Go Hydro LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-28

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14427-000] Go Green Go... To Intervene, and Competing Applications On June 20, 2012, Go Green Go Hydro LLC (Go Green or... of 5,000 megawatt-hours. Applicant Contact: Mr. David G. DeMera, Go Green Go Hydro LLC, 18300 Morgan...

77 FR 10740 - Riverbank Hydro No. 22, LLC; FFP Project 93, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14269-000; 14270-000] Riverbank Hydro No. 22, LLC; FFP Project 93, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The... Riverbank Hydro No. 22, LLC for Project No. 14269-000, and FFP Project 93, LLC for Project No. 14270-000. \\1...

76 FR 79675 - Pomperaug Hydro Project Andrew Peklo III; Notice of Site Visit and Technical Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-22

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 12790-001] Pomperaug Hydro Project Andrew Peklo III; Notice of Site Visit and Technical Meeting On January 18, 2012, Office of Energy Projects staff will hold a site visit and technical meeting for the proposed Pomperaug Hydro Project (FERC...

Analysis of effluent filtrate in the hydro-entanglement process for producing cotton nonwovens: a progress report

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A number of hydro-entangled cotton nonwoven fabrics were produced on commercial equipment, using UltraCleanTM Cotton (T.J. Beall Company). Polypropylene “sock” filters were used in the production trials to clean the effluent water for recycling it in the hydro-entanglement process. After each trial ...

77 FR 9230 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Project 53, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14181-000; 14195-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Project 53, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The... applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII for Project No. 14181-000, and FFP Project 53, LLC...

77 FR 14775 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV, FFP Project 2, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-13

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14180-000, 14193-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV, FFP Project 2, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit...+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV Project No. 14180-000. 2. FFP Project 2, LLC Project No. 14193-000. Dated: March...

77 FR 12280 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Project 56, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14189-000, 14198-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Project 56, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit...+ Hydro Friends Fund XL, Project No. 14189-000. 2. FFP Project 56, LLC, Project No. 14198-000. Dated...

77 FR 12281 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Project 53, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14181-000; Project No. 14195-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Project 53, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIII, Project No. 14181-000. 2. FFP Project 53, LLC, Project No...

78 FR 59926 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-30

... Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions to Intervene, and Competing Applications On April 2, 2013, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XIX... operate as directed by the Corps. Applicant Contact: Mr. Wayne Krouse, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund, LLC, 4900...

77 FR 12280 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLI; FFP Project 54, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14182-000; Project No. 14192-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLI; FFP Project 54, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... follows: 1. FFP Project 54, LLC, Project No. 14192-000. 2. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLI, Project No. 14182...

77 FR 9232 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII; FFP Project 1, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14184-000; 14191-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII; FFP Project 1, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The... filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII for Project No. 14184-000 and FFP Project 1, LLC for Project...

77 FR 9231 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Project 56, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14189-000; 14198-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL; FFP Project 56, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The Commission... applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XL for Project No. 14189-000 and FFP Project 56, LLC for...

76 FR 6612 - Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Solia 4 Hydroelectric, LLC; Notice...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-07

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13745-000; Project No. 13758-000; Project No. 13767-000] Lock Hydro Friends Fund XLIII; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Solia 4... Hydroelectric, LLC--Project No. 13767-000 2. FFP Missouri 14, LLC--Project No. 13758-000 3. Lock Hydro Friends...

77 FR 9230 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV; FFP Project 2, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14180-000; 14193-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV; FFP Project 2, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The Commission... filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLV for Project No. 14180-000 and FFP Project 2, LLC for Project No...

77 FR 12280 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXVIII; FFP Project 59, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14188-00o, 14200-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXVIII; FFP Project 59, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit.... FFP Project 59, LLC, Project No. 14200-000. 2. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII, Project No. 14188-000...

77 FR 12279 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII FFP Project 52, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14178-000, 14190-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII FFP Project 52, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit...+ Hydro Friends Fund XLVII, Project No. 14178-000. 2. FFP Project 52, LLC, Project No. 14190-000. Dated...

77 FR 9231 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; FFP Project 55, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-16

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14185-000; 14196-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV; FFP Project 55, LLC; Notice Announcing Preliminary Permit Drawing The Commission..., Kentucky. The applications were filed by Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund IV for Project No. 14185-000 and FFP...

78 FR 54889 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-06

... Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On April 2, 2013, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XIX... operate as directed by the Corps. Applicant Contact: Mr. Wayne Krouse, Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund, LLC, 4900...

77 FR 12280 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Project 57, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14186-000; Project No. 14197-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV; FFP Project 57, LLC;Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXV, Project No. 14186-000. 2. FFP Project 57, LLC, Project No...

77 FR 12281 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 58, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14187-000, 14199-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV; FFP Project 58, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit...+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIV, Project No. 14187-000. 2. FFP Project 58, LLC, Project No. 14199-000. Dated...

77 FR 12279 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII; FFP Project 1, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14184-000; Project No. 14191-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII; FFP Project 1, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXVIII, Project No. 14184-000. 2. FFP Project 1, LLC, Project No...

77 FR 12279 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV FFP Project 51, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-29

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14179-000, 14194-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV FFP Project 51, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for Preliminary Permit...+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIV, Project No. 14179-000. 2. FFP Project 51, LLC, Project No. 14194-000. Dated...

76 FR 4648 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-26

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 13808-000; Project No. 13813-000] Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX; FFP Missouri 14, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... order of priority is as follows: 1. Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLIX: Project No. 13808-000. 2. FFP...

78 FR 32644 - Las Vegas Wash Hydro LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-31

... Hydro LLC; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Comments, Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On November 16, 2012, Las Vegas Wash Hydro LLC, filed an application for a preliminary permit, pursuant to section 4(f) of the Federal Power Act (FPA), proposing to...

76 FR 71960 - KC Hydro LLC of New Hampshire; Notice of Preliminary Permit Application Accepted for Filing and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-21

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14247-000] KC Hydro LLC of..., Motions To Intervene, and Competing Applications On August 8, 2011, KC Hydro LLC of New Hampshire filed an... spillway elevation of 130 feet mean sea level (msl); (3) connecting new electrical [[Page 71961...

78 FR 44105 - Monroe Hydro, LLC; Notice of Intent to File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-23

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 14430-000] Monroe Hydro... Application and Request to Use the Traditional Licensing Process. b. Project No.: 14430-000 c. Date Filed: April 2, 2013 d. Submitted By: Monroe Hydro, LLC e. Name of Project: Monroe Drop Hydroelectric Project f...

77 FR 13318 - SV Hydro, LLC, Coffeeville, LLC, FFP Project 99, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-06

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project Nos. 14298-000, 14299-000, 14301-000] SV Hydro, LLC, Coffeeville, LLC, FFP Project 99, LLC; Notice Announcing Filing Priority for... follows: 1. FFP Project 99, LLC: Project No. 14301-000. 2. SV Hydro, LLC: Project No. 14298-000. 3...

30 CFR 75.343 - Underground shops.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Underground shops. 75.343 Section 75.343...-3 through § 75.1107-16, or be enclosed in a noncombustible structure or area. (b) Underground shops... MANDATORY SAFETY STANDARDS-UNDERGROUND COAL MINES Ventilation § 75.343 Underground shops. (a) Underground...

Dynamics analysis of the fast-slow hydro-turbine governing system with different time-scale coupling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Hao; Chen, Diyi; Wu, Changzhi; Wang, Xiangyu

2018-01-01

Multi-time scales modeling of hydro-turbine governing system is crucial in precise modeling of hydropower plant and provides support for the stability analysis of the system. Considering the inertia and response time of the hydraulic servo system, the hydro-turbine governing system is transformed into the fast-slow hydro-turbine governing system. The effects of the time-scale on the dynamical behavior of the system are analyzed and the fast-slow dynamical behaviors of the system are investigated with different time-scale. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the stable regions is presented. The influences of the time-scale on the stable region are analyzed by simulation. The simulation results prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis. More importantly, the methods and results of this paper provide a perspective to multi-time scales modeling of hydro-turbine governing system and contribute to the optimization analysis and control of the system.

Parametric distribution approach for flow availability in small hydro potential analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abdullah, Samizee; Basri, Mohd Juhari Mat; Jamaluddin, Zahrul Zamri; Azrulhisham, Engku Ahmad; Othman, Jamel

2016-10-01

Small hydro system is one of the important sources of renewable energy and it has been recognized worldwide as clean energy sources. Small hydropower generation system uses the potential energy in flowing water to produce electricity is often questionable due to inconsistent and intermittent of power generated. Potential analysis of small hydro system which is mainly dependent on the availability of water requires the knowledge of water flow or stream flow distribution. This paper presented the possibility of applying Pearson system for stream flow availability distribution approximation in the small hydro system. By considering the stochastic nature of stream flow, the Pearson parametric distribution approximation was computed based on the significant characteristic of Pearson system applying direct correlation between the first four statistical moments of the distribution. The advantage of applying various statistical moments in small hydro potential analysis will have the ability to analyze the variation shapes of stream flow distribution.

Using GA-Ridge regression to select hydro-geological parameters influencing groundwater pollution vulnerability.

PubMed

Ahn, Jae Joon; Kim, Young Min; Yoo, Keunje; Park, Joonhong; Oh, Kyong Joo

2012-11-01

For groundwater conservation and management, it is important to accurately assess groundwater pollution vulnerability. This study proposed an integrated model using ridge regression and a genetic algorithm (GA) to effectively select the major hydro-geological parameters influencing groundwater pollution vulnerability in an aquifer. The GA-Ridge regression method determined that depth to water, net recharge, topography, and the impact of vadose zone media were the hydro-geological parameters that influenced trichloroethene pollution vulnerability in a Korean aquifer. When using these selected hydro-geological parameters, the accuracy was improved for various statistical nonlinear and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, such as multinomial logistic regression, decision trees, artificial neural networks, and case-based reasoning. These results provide a proof of concept that the GA-Ridge regression is effective at determining influential hydro-geological parameters for the pollution vulnerability of an aquifer, and in turn, improves the AI performance in assessing groundwater pollution vulnerability.

Nonlinear modeling and dynamic analysis of a hydro-turbine governing system in the process of sudden load increase transient

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Huanhuan; Chen, Diyi; Zhang, Hao; Wang, Feifei; Ba, Duoduo

2016-12-01

In order to study the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of a hydro-turbine governing system in the process of sudden load increase transient, we establish a novel nonlinear dynamic model of the hydro-turbine governing system which considers the elastic water-hammer model of the penstock and the second-order model of the generator. The six nonlinear dynamic transfer coefficients of the hydro-turbine are innovatively proposed by utilizing internal characteristics and analyzing the change laws of the characteristic parameters of the hydro-turbine governing system. Moreover, from the point of view of engineering, the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the above system are exhaustively investigated based on bifurcation diagrams and time waveforms. More importantly, all of the above analyses supply theoretical basis for allowing a hydropower station to maintain a stable operation in the process of sudden load increase transient.

30 CFR 72.630 - Drill dust control at underground areas of underground mines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Drill dust control at underground areas of underground mines. 72.630 Section 72.630 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT... dust control at underground areas of underground mines. (a) Dust resulting from drilling in rock shall...

Just Say No to Carbon Emissions (LBNL Science at the Theater)

ScienceCinema

Ramesh, Ramamoorthy; Zhou, Nan; Oldenburg, Curt

2018-06-15

Learn about three efforts our grandchildren may thank us for: cheap solar energy, bringing energy efficiency to China, and learning how to store carbon deep underground. Can solar energy be dirt cheap? We're all potentially billionaires when it comes to solar energy. The trick is learning how to convert sunlight to electricity using cheap and plentiful materials. Ramamoorthy Ramesh, an innovative materials scientist at Berkeley Lab, will discuss how he and other researchers are working to make photovoltaic cells using the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust -- materials that are literally as common as dirt. Energy efficiency in China: Nan Zhou is a researcher with Berkeley Labs China Energy Group. She will speak about Chinas energy use and the policies that have been implemented to increase energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emission growth. Her work focuses on building China's capacity to evaluate, adopt and implement low-carbon development strategies. Zhou has an architecture degree from China, and a Master and Ph.D. in Engineering from Japan. Understanding geologic carbon sequestration: Even with continued growth of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, fossil fuels will likely remain cheap and plentiful for decades to come. Geologist Curt Oldenburg, who heads Berkeley Lab's Geologic Carbon Sequestration Program, will discuss a strategy to reduce carbon emissions from coal and natural gas. It involves pumping compressed CO2 captured from large stationary sources into underground rock formations that can store it for geological time scales.

Just Say No to Carbon Emissions (LBNL Science at the Theater)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ramesh, Ramamoorthy; Zhou, Nan; Oldenburg, Curt

2010-04-26

Learn about three efforts our grandchildren may thank us for: cheap solar energy, bringing energy efficiency to China, and learning how to store carbon deep underground. Can solar energy be dirt cheap? We're all potentially billionaires when it comes to solar energy. The trick is learning how to convert sunlight to electricity using cheap and plentiful materials. Ramamoorthy Ramesh, an innovative materials scientist at Berkeley Lab, will discuss how he and other researchers are working to make photovoltaic cells using the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust -- materials that are literally as common as dirt. Energy efficiency inmore » China: Nan Zhou is a researcher with Berkeley Labs China Energy Group. She will speak about Chinas energy use and the policies that have been implemented to increase energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emission growth. Her work focuses on building China's capacity to evaluate, adopt and implement low-carbon development strategies. Zhou has an architecture degree from China, and a Master and Ph.D. in Engineering from Japan. Understanding geologic carbon sequestration: Even with continued growth of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, fossil fuels will likely remain cheap and plentiful for decades to come. Geologist Curt Oldenburg, who heads Berkeley Lab's Geologic Carbon Sequestration Program, will discuss a strategy to reduce carbon emissions from coal and natural gas. It involves pumping compressed CO2 captured from large stationary sources into underground rock formations that can store it for geological time scales.« less

Optimizing detection of noble gas emission at a former UNE site: sample strategy, collection, and analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirkham, R.; Olsen, K.; Hayes, J. C.; Emer, D. F.

2013-12-01

Underground nuclear tests may be first detected by seismic or air samplers operated by the CTBTO (Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization). After initial detection of a suspicious event, member nations may call for an On-Site Inspection (OSI) that in part, will sample for localized releases of radioactive noble gases and particles. Although much of the commercially available equipment and methods used for surface and subsurface environmental sampling of gases can be used for an OSI scenario, on-site sampling conditions, required sampling volumes and establishment of background concentrations of noble gases require development of specialized methodologies. To facilitate development of sampling equipment and methodologies that address OSI sampling volume and detection objectives, and to collect information required for model development, a field test site was created at a former underground nuclear explosion site located in welded volcanic tuff. A mixture of SF-6, Xe127 and Ar37 was metered into 4400 m3 of air as it was injected into the top region of the UNE cavity. These tracers were expected to move towards the surface primarily in response to barometric pumping or through delayed cavity pressurization (accelerated transport to minimize source decay time). Sampling approaches compared during the field exercise included sampling at the soil surface, inside surface fractures, and at soil vapor extraction points at depths down to 2 m. Effectiveness of various sampling approaches and the results of tracer gas measurements will be presented.

Groundwater balance in the Khor Arbaat basin, Red Sea State, eastern Sudan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elsheikh, Abdalla E. M.; Zeielabdein, Khalid A. Elsayed; Babikir, Ibrahim A. A.

2009-12-01

The Khor Arbaat basin is the main source of potable water supply for the more than 750,000 inhabitants of Port Sudan, eastern Sudan. The variation in hydraulic conductivity and storage capacity is due to the heterogeneity of the sediments, which range from clay and silt to gravely sand and boulders. The water table rises during the summer and winter rainy seasons; it reaches its lowest level in the dry season. The storage capacity of the Khor Arbaat aquifer is estimated to be 21.75 × 106 m3. The annual recharge through the infiltration of flood water is about 1.93 × 106 m3. The groundwater recharge, calculated as underground inflow at the ‘upper gate’, is 1.33 × 105 m3/year. The total annual groundwater recharge is 2.06 × 106 m3. The annual discharge through underground outflow at the ‘lower gate’ (through which groundwater flows onto the coastal plain) is 3.29 × 105 m3/year. Groundwater discharge due to pumping from Khor Arbaat basin is 4.38 × 106 m3/year on average. The total annual groundwater discharge is about 4.7 × 106 m3. A deficit of 2.6 × 106 m3/year is calculated. Although the total annual discharge is twice the estimated annual recharge, additional groundwater flow from the fractured basement probably balances the annual groundwater budget since no decline is observed in the piezometric levels.

77 FR 67352 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... Friends Fund XLII, LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Motions To Intervene and... No.: 13739-002 c. Date filed: September 17, 2012 d. Applicant: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC e... USC 791(a)-825(r). h. Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund XLII, LLC, c...

77 FR 60419 - Lock + Hydro Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-03

... Friends Fund XIX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application Document.... Date Filed: August 7, 2012. d. Submitted By: Lock + Hydro Friends Fund XIX, LLC. e. Name of Project.... Lock + Hydro Friends Fund XIX, LLC filed its request to use the Traditional Licensing Process on August...

77 FR 16217 - Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-20

... Friends Fund XXXIX, LLC; Notice of Intent To File License Application, Filing of Pre-Application Document.... Date Filed: February 7, 2012. d. Submitted by: Lock+ Hydro Friends Fund XXXIX, LLC. e. Name of Project... Commission's regulations. h. Potential Applicant Contact: Mr. Mark R. Stover, Lock+\\TM\\ Hydro Friends Fund...

75 FR 16091 - Glen Falls Hydro, LLC; Essex Energy Partners, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-31

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Project No. 11143-020] Glen Falls Hydro, LLC; Essex Energy Partners, LLC; Notice of Application for Transfer of License, and Soliciting Comments and Motions To Intervene March 24, 2010. On March 8, 2010, Glen Falls Hydro, LLC (transferor) and Essex Energy Partners, LLC (transferee) filed...

77 FR 55205 - Barren River Lake Hydro LLC; Notice of Application Accepted for Filing and Soliciting Motions To...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-07

.... c. Date filed: December 9, 2011, and amended on June 12, 2012. d. Applicant: Barren River Lake Hydro LLC (Barren River Hydro) e. Name of Project: Barren River Lake Dam Hydroelectric Project. f. Location... registration, using the eComment system at http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/ecomment.asp . You must include your...

75 FR 27332 - AER NY-Gen, LLC; Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC; Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC; Eagle Creek Land...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-14

... 9690-106] AER NY-Gen, LLC; Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC; Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC; Eagle Creek... Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC, and Eagle Creek Land Resources, LLC (transferees) filed an.... Paul Ho, Eagle Creek Hydro Power, LLC, Eagle Creek Water Resources, LLC, and Eagle Creek Land Resources...

3. Photocopy of photograph (original located in SRP Archives) Probably ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. Photocopy of photograph (original located in SRP Archives) Probably photographed by SRP, February 8, 1941 PROPOSED LOCATION OF ANCILLARY HYDRO UNIT EAST OF CROSSCUT STEAM PLANT ON BANK OF TAILRACE OF CROSSCUT CANAL ACROSS FROM ORIGINAL CROSSCUT HYDRO PLANT. - Crosscut Steam Plant, Ancillary Hydro Unit, North side Salt River near Mill Avenue & Washington Street, Tempe, Maricopa County, AZ