Sample records for uniform plumbing code

  1. Plumbing and Piping: Construction, Supervision, and Inspection. Course of Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    O'Meara, Lester; Turley, John

    This course of study on plumbing and piping is part of a construction, supervision, and inspection series, which provides instructional materials for community or junior college technical courses in the inspection program. Material covered in this volume pertains to: uniform plumbing code; pipes, fittings, supports, and connections; sewer and…

  2. NORTH PORTAL-SANITARY SEWER CALCULATION-SHOP BUILDING #5006

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    S. Blackstone

    1996-01-24

    The purpose of this design calculation is to determine the demand on the waste system and to size the sanitary sewer line serving the Shop Building No.5006 in accordance with the Uniform Plumbing Code (Section 4.4.1) and US Department of Energy Order 6430.1A-1540 (Section 4.4.2).

  3. Student-Reported School Drinking Fountain Availability by Youth Characteristics and State Plumbing Codes

    PubMed Central

    Park, Sohyun; Wilking, Cara

    2014-01-01

    Introduction Caloric intake among children could be reduced if sugar-sweetened beverages were replaced by plain water. School drinking water infrastructure is dictated in part by state plumbing codes, which generally require a minimum ratio of drinking fountains to students. Actual availability of drinking fountains in schools and how availability differs according to plumbing codes is unknown. Methods We abstracted state plumbing code data and used the 2010 YouthStyles survey data from 1,196 youth aged 9 through 18 years from 47 states. We assessed youth-reported school drinking fountain or dispenser availability and differences in availability according to state plumbing codes, sociodemographic characteristics, and area-level characteristics. Results Overall, 57.3% of youth reported that drinking fountains or dispensers in their schools were widely available, 40.1% reported there were only a few, and 2.6% reported that there were no working fountains. Reported fountain availability differed significantly (P < .01) by race/ethnicity, census region, the fountain to student ratio specified in plumbing codes, and whether plumbing codes allowed substitution of nonplumbed water sources for plumbed fountains. “Widely available” fountain access ranged from 45.7% in the West to 65.4% in the Midwest and was less common where state plumbing codes required 1 fountain per more than 100 students (45.4%) compared with 1 fountain per 100 students (60.1%) or 1 fountain per fewer than 100 students (57.6%). Conclusion Interventions designed to increase consumption of water may want to consider the role of plumbing codes in availability of school drinking fountains. PMID:24742393

  4. Student-reported school drinking fountain availability by youth characteristics and state plumbing codes.

    PubMed

    Onufrak, Stephen J; Park, Sohyun; Wilking, Cara

    2014-04-17

    Caloric intake among children could be reduced if sugar-sweetened beverages were replaced by plain water. School drinking water infrastructure is dictated in part by state plumbing codes, which generally require a minimum ratio of drinking fountains to students. Actual availability of drinking fountains in schools and how availability differs according to plumbing codes is unknown. We abstracted state plumbing code data and used the 2010 YouthStyles survey data from 1,196 youth aged 9 through 18 years from 47 states. We assessed youth-reported school drinking fountain or dispenser availability and differences in availability according to state plumbing codes, sociodemographic characteristics, and area-level characteristics. Overall, 57.3% of youth reported that drinking fountains or dispensers in their schools were widely available, 40.1% reported there were only a few, and 2.6% reported that there were no working fountains. Reported fountain availability differed significantly (P < .01) by race/ethnicity, census region, the fountain to student ratio specified in plumbing codes, and whether plumbing codes allowed substitution of nonplumbed water sources for plumbed fountains. "Widely available" fountain access ranged from 45.7% in the West to 65.4% in the Midwest and was less common where state plumbing codes required 1 fountain per more than 100 students (45.4%) compared with 1 fountain per 100 students (60.1%) or 1 fountain per fewer than 100 students (57.6%). Interventions designed to increase consumption of water may want to consider the role of plumbing codes in availability of school drinking fountains.

  5. NORTH PORTAL-HOT WATER CALCULATION-SHOP BUILDING #5006

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    R. Blackstone

    The purpose of this design analysis and calculation is to determine the demand for domestic cold water and to size the supply main for the Shop Building No.5006 in accordance with the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) (Section 4.4.1) and the U.S. Department of Energy, Order 6430.1A-1540 (Section 4.4.2).

  6. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property Standards § 200.925c Model codes. (a... Plumbing Code, 1993 Edition, and the BOCA National Mechanical Code, 1993 Edition, excluding Chapter I, Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood...

  7. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property Standards § 200.925c Model codes. (a... Plumbing Code, 1993 Edition, and the BOCA National Mechanical Code, 1993 Edition, excluding Chapter I, Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood...

  8. Tribal Green Building Administrative Code Example

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This Tribal Green Building Administrative Code Example can be used as a template for technical code selection (i.e., building, electrical, plumbing, etc.) to be adopted as a comprehensive building code.

  9. 38 CFR 39.22 - Architectural design standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ...) Mechanical requirements. The heating system, boilers, steam system, ventilation system and air-conditioning system shall be furnished and installed to meet all requirements of the local and State codes and... apply. (c) Plumbing requirements. Plumbing systems shall comply with all applicable local and State...

  10. Plumbing noise in multifamily dwellings: 50 years and counting

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Loverde, John J.; Dong, David W.

    2005-09-01

    Historically, plumbing sound was only of concern in luxury buildings and plumbing noise was rarely addressed explicitly in building codes or design guidelines. The last couple of decades have seen marked increases in population density, occupant expectations and sensitivity to noise, and the number of noise-related lawsuits. These demographic factors have considerably increased the importance of adequately addressing plumbing noise in multifamily projects, as shown by the increasing number of published guidelines (such as in the latest ASHRAE Handbook). Over the course of our firm's history, we have attempted to determine the relationship between the sound level from plumbing systems and the acceptability to the occupants. Our current criteria for plumbing noise and the reasoning behind them is discussed, including test cases and lawsuits, as well as the materials and methods available to meet those criteria, and their impact on the design of multifamily projects.

  11. A Systems Framework for Assessing Plumbing Products-Related Water Conservation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Williams, Alison; Dunham Whitehead, Camilla; Lutz, James

    2011-12-02

    Reducing the water use of plumbing products—toilets, urinals, faucets, and showerheads —has been a popular conservation measure. Improved technologies have created opportunities for additional conservation in this area. However, plumbing products do not operate in a vacuum. This paper reviews the literature related to plumbing products to determine a systems framework for evaluating future conservation measures using these products. The main framework comprises the following categories: water use efficiency, product components, product performance, source water, energy, and plumbing/sewer infrastructure. This framework for analysis provides a starting point for professionals considering future water conservation measures to evaluate the need for additionalmore » research, collaboration with other standards or codes committees, and attachment of additional metrics to water use efficiency (such as performance).« less

  12. NORTH PORTAL-HOT WATER CIRCULATION PUMP CALCULATION-SHOP BUILDING #5006

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    R. Blackstone

    1996-01-25

    The purpose of this design analysis and calculation is to size a circulating pump for the service hot water system in the Shop Building 5006, in accordance with the Uniform Plumbing Code (Section 4.4.1) and U.S. Department of Energy Order 6430.1A-1540 (Section 4.4.2). The method used for the calculation is based on Reference 5.2. This consists of determining the total heat transfer from the service hot water system piping to the surrounding environment. The heat transfer is then used to define the total pumping capacity based on a given temperature change in the circulating hot water as it flows throughmore » the closed loop piping system. The total pumping capacity is used to select a pump model from manufacturer's literature. This established the head generation for that capacity and particular pump model. The total length of all hot water supply and return piping including fittings is then estimated from the plumbing drawings which defines the pipe friction losses that must fit within the available pump head. Several iterations may be required before a pump can be selected that satisfies the head-capacity requirements.« less

  13. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  14. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  15. 24 CFR 200.925c - Model codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... below. (1) Model Building Codes—(i) The BOCA National Building Code, 1993 Edition, The BOCA National..., Administration, for the Building, Plumbing and Mechanical Codes and the references to fire retardant treated wood... number 2 (Chapter 7) of the Building Code, but including the Appendices of the Code. Available from...

  16. NON-UNIFORM COPPER CORROSION: RESEARCH UPDATE

    EPA Science Inventory

    Pinhole leaks due to copper pitting corrosion are a major cause of home plumbing failure. This study documents cases of copper pitting corrosion found in homes supplied by Butler County Environmental Services in Ohio. SEM. XRD, and optical microscopy were used to document pit s...

  17. 24 CFR 200.925b - Residential and institutional building code comparison items.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ...., materials, allowable stresses, design; (6) Excavation; (e) Materials standards. (f) Construction components...) Plumbing fixtures; (7) Water supply and distribution; (8) Storm drain systems. (j) Electrical. (1) Wiring...

  18. 24 CFR 200.925b - Residential and institutional building code comparison items.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ...., materials, allowable stresses, design; (6) Excavation; (e) Materials standards. (f) Construction components...) Plumbing fixtures; (7) Water supply and distribution; (8) Storm drain systems. (j) Electrical. (1) Wiring...

  19. Community-Based Policies and Support for Free Drinking Water Access in Outdoor Areas and Building Standards in U.S. Municipalities

    PubMed Central

    Onufrak, Stephen; Wilking, Cara; Cradock, Angie

    2018-01-01

    We examined community-level characteristics associated with free drinking water access policies in U.S. municipalities using data from a nationally representative survey of city managers/officials from 2,029 local governments in 2014. Outcomes were 4 free drinking water access policies. Explanatory measures were population size, rural/urban status, census region, poverty prevalence, education, and racial/ethnic composition. We used multivariable logistic regression to test differences and presented only significant findings. Many (56.3%) local governments had at least one community plan with a written objective to provide free drinking water in outdoor areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions and municipalities with ≤ 50% of non-Hispanic whites were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have a plan. About 59% had polices/budget provisions for free drinking water in parks/outdoor recreation areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 9.3% provided development incentives for placing drinking fountains in outdoor, publicly accessible areas; municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 7.7% had a municipal plumbing code with a drinking fountain standard that differed from the statewide plumbing code; municipalities with a lower proportion of non-Hispanic whites were more likely to have it. In conclusion, over half of municipalities had written plans or a provision for providing free drinking water in parks, but providing development incentives or having a local plumbing code provision were rare. PMID:29713617

  20. Community-Based Policies and Support for Free Drinking Water Access in Outdoor Areas and Building Standards in U.S. Municipalities.

    PubMed

    Park, Sohyun; Onufrak, Stephen; Wilking, Cara; Cradock, Angie

    2018-04-01

    We examined community-level characteristics associated with free drinking water access policies in U.S. municipalities using data from a nationally representative survey of city managers/officials from 2,029 local governments in 2014. Outcomes were 4 free drinking water access policies. Explanatory measures were population size, rural/urban status, census region, poverty prevalence, education, and racial/ethnic composition. We used multivariable logistic regression to test differences and presented only significant findings. Many (56.3%) local governments had at least one community plan with a written objective to provide free drinking water in outdoor areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions and municipalities with ≤ 50% of non-Hispanic whites were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have a plan. About 59% had polices/budget provisions for free drinking water in parks/outdoor recreation areas; municipalities in the Northeast and South regions were less likely and municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 9.3% provided development incentives for placing drinking fountains in outdoor, publicly accessible areas; municipalities with larger population size were more likely to have it. Only 7.7% had a municipal plumbing code with a drinking fountain standard that differed from the statewide plumbing code; municipalities with a lower proportion of non-Hispanic whites were more likely to have it. In conclusion, over half of municipalities had written plans or a provision for providing free drinking water in parks, but providing development incentives or having a local plumbing code provision were rare.

  1. 49 CFR 1248.101 - Commodity codes required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Hardware. 343 Plumbing Fixtures and Heating Apparatus, Except Electric. 3433 Heating equipment, except electric. 344 Fabricated structural metal products. 3441 Fabricated structural metal products. 345 Bolts... fabricated pipe fittings. 35 Machinery, Except Electrical. 351 Engines and Turbines. 352 Farm Machinery and...

  2. 49 CFR 1248.101 - Commodity codes required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Hardware. 343 Plumbing Fixtures and Heating Apparatus, Except Electric. 3433 Heating equipment, except electric. 344 Fabricated structural metal products. 3441 Fabricated structural metal products. 345 Bolts... fabricated pipe fittings. 35 Machinery, Except Electrical. 351 Engines and Turbines. 352 Farm Machinery and...

  3. 49 CFR 1248.101 - Commodity codes required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Hardware. 343 Plumbing Fixtures and Heating Apparatus, Except Electric. 3433 Heating equipment, except electric. 344 Fabricated structural metal products. 3441 Fabricated structural metal products. 345 Bolts... fabricated pipe fittings. 35 Machinery, Except Electrical. 351 Engines and Turbines. 352 Farm Machinery and...

  4. 49 CFR 1248.101 - Commodity codes required.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Hardware. 343 Plumbing Fixtures and Heating Apparatus, Except Electric. 3433 Heating equipment, except electric. 344 Fabricated structural metal products. 3441 Fabricated structural metal products. 345 Bolts... fabricated pipe fittings. 35 Machinery, Except Electrical. 351 Engines and Turbines. 352 Farm Machinery and...

  5. 36 CFR 68.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... upgrading of mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Definitions. 68.2 Section 68.2 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR THE...

  6. 36 CFR 68.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... upgrading of mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems and other code-required work to make properties... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Definitions. 68.2 Section 68.2 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR THE...

  7. The NASA Fireball Network All-Sky Cameras

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Suggs, Rob M.

    2011-01-01

    The construction of small, inexpensive all-sky cameras designed specifically for the NASA Fireball Network is described. The use of off-the-shelf electronics, optics, and plumbing materials results in a robust and easy to duplicate design. Engineering challenges such as weather-proofing and thermal control and their mitigation are described. Field-of-view and gain adjustments to assure uniformity across the network will also be detailed.

  8. Architectural Terms for Educational Planners.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    1997

    This booklet is designed to facilitate open, clear communication between educational facility planners and the architects hired to oversee building design and construction. It provides a list of architectural, electrical, plumbing, and topographical symbols; a glossary of architectural terms; and a list of public agencies and relevant codes and…

  9. Hospitalizations due to selected infections caused by opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPP) and reported drug resistance in the United States older adult population in 1991-2006.

    PubMed

    Naumova, Elena N; Liss, Alexander; Jagai, Jyotsna S; Behlau, Irmgard; Griffiths, Jeffrey K

    2016-12-01

    The Flint Water Crisis-due to changes of water source and treatment procedures-has revealed many unsolved social, environmental, and public health problems for US drinking water, including opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPP). The true health impact of OPPP, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, is largely unknown. We explored 10 8 claims in the largest US national uniformly collected data repository to determine rates and costs of OPPP-related hospitalizations. In 1991-2006, 617,291 cases of three selected OPPP infections resulted in the elderly alone of $0.6 billion USD per year of payments. Antibiotic resistance significantly increased OPPP illness costs that are likely to be underreported. More precise estimates for OPPP burdens could be obtained if better clinical, microbiological, administrative, and environmental monitoring data were cross-linked. An urgent dialog across governmental and disciplinary divides, and studies on preventing OPPP through drinking water exposure, are warranted.

  10. Impact of School Uniforms on Student Discipline and the Learning Climate: A Comparative Case Study of Two Middle Schools with Uniform Dress Codes and Two Middle Schools without Uniform Dress Codes

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dulin, Charles Dewitt

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this research is to evaluate the impact of uniform dress codes on a school's climate for student behavior and learning in four middle schools in North Carolina. The research will compare the perceptions of parents, teachers, and administrators in schools with uniform dress codes against schools without uniform dress codes. This…

  11. A Plug-and-Play Duct System Evaluation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Beach, Robert; Dickson, Bruce; Grisolia, Anthony

    This report describes an air distribution system composed of a series of uniformly-sized ducts that terminate in rooms throughout the home and return to a central manifold, similar in fashion to a “home-run” cross-linked polyethylene plumbing system. With a well-designed manifold, each duct receives an equal static pressure potential for airflow from the air handling unit, and the number of needed ducts for each room are simply attached to fittings located on the manifold; in this sense, the system is plug-and-play (PnP). As indicated, all ducts in the PnP system are identical in size and small enough to fit inmore » the ceiling and wall cavities of a house (i.e., less than 3.5-in. outer diameter). These ducts are also more appropriately sized for the lower airflow requirements of modern, energy-efficient homes; therefore, the velocity of the air moving through the duct is between that of conventional duct systems (approximately 700 ft/min) and high-velocity systems (more than 1,500 ft/min) on the market today. The PnP duct system uses semi-rigid plastic pipes, which have a smooth inner wall and are straightforward to install correctly, resulting in a system that has minimal air leakage. However, plastic ducts are currently not accepted by code for use in residential buildings; therefore, the project team considered other duct materials for the system that are currently accepted by code, such as small-diameter, wirehelix, flexible ductwork.« less

  12. A Plug-and-Play Duct System Evaluation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Beach, R.; Dickson, B.; Grisolia, A.

    2017-07-01

    This report describes an air distribution system composed of a series of uniformly-sized ducts that terminate in rooms throughout the home and return to a central manifold, similar in fashion to a “home-run” cross-linked polyethylene plumbing system. With a well-designed manifold, each duct receives an equal static pressure potential for airflow from the air handling unit, and the number of needed ducts for each room are simply attached to fittings located on the manifold; in this sense, the system is plug-and-play (PnP). As indicated, all ducts in the PnP system are identical in size and small enough to fit inmore » the ceiling and wall cavities of a house (i.e., less than 3.5-in. outer diameter). These ducts are also more appropriately sized for the lower airflow requirements of modern, energy-efficient homes; therefore, the velocity of the air moving through the duct is between that of conventional duct systems (approximately 700 ft/min) and high-velocity systems (more than 1,500 ft/min) on the market today. The PnP duct system uses semi-rigid plastic pipes, which have a smooth inner wall and are straightforward to install correctly, resulting in a system that has minimal air leakage. However, plastic ducts are currently not accepted by code for use in residential buildings; therefore, the project team considered other duct materials for the system that are currently accepted by code, such as small-diameter, wirehelix, flexible ductwork.« less

  13. Plumbing Specialist I, 3-21. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

    These military-developed curriculum materials consist of a course description, course chart, plan of instruction, and lesson plans for use in training a plumbing specialist I. Study guides and workbooks for student use are also included. This course on Introduction to Plumbing covers plumbing safety; plumbing systems, terminology, and engineering…

  14. 75 FR 53277 - Notice of Intent To Terminate Selected National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-31

    ... coatings, paper and related products, building seals and sealants, plastics, plumbing, roofing, and... products, building seals and sealants, plastics, plumbing, roofing, and mattresses. The purpose of this... plumbing laboratories are also accredited for plastic and paint testing in support of plumbing testing...

  15. Plumbing and Heating Curriculum.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    EASTCONN Regional Educational Services Center, North Windham, CT.

    Theory and experience in the following areas are included in this plumbing curriculum: (1) plumbing fixtures and heating; (2) city water service; (3) fixture roughing; (4) venting; and (5) solar heating systems. The plumbing program manual includes the following sections: (1) general objectives for grades 10, 11, and 12; (2) a list of 33 major…

  16. Advanced GF(32) nonbinary LDPC coded modulation with non-uniform 9-QAM outperforming star 8-QAM.

    PubMed

    Liu, Tao; Lin, Changyu; Djordjevic, Ivan B

    2016-06-27

    In this paper, we first describe a 9-symbol non-uniform signaling scheme based on Huffman code, in which different symbols are transmitted with different probabilities. By using the Huffman procedure, prefix code is designed to approach the optimal performance. Then, we introduce an algorithm to determine the optimal signal constellation sets for our proposed non-uniform scheme with the criterion of maximizing constellation figure of merit (CFM). The proposed nonuniform polarization multiplexed signaling 9-QAM scheme has the same spectral efficiency as the conventional 8-QAM. Additionally, we propose a specially designed GF(32) nonbinary quasi-cyclic LDPC code for the coded modulation system based on the 9-QAM non-uniform scheme. Further, we study the efficiency of our proposed non-uniform 9-QAM, combined with nonbinary LDPC coding, and demonstrate by Monte Carlo simulation that the proposed GF(23) nonbinary LDPC coded 9-QAM scheme outperforms nonbinary LDPC coded uniform 8-QAM by at least 0.8dB.

  17. Uniform emergency codes: will they improve safety?

    PubMed

    2005-01-01

    There are pros and cons to uniform code systems, according to emergency medicine experts. Uniformity can be a benefit when ED nurses and other staff work at several facilities. It's critical that your staff understand not only what the codes stand for, but what they must do when codes are called. If your state institutes a new system, be sure to hold regular drills to familiarize your ED staff.

  18. Plumb Fittings.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Jahrling, Peter

    1996-01-01

    Discusses the electronic retrofitting of educational facilities plumbing systems. Some advantages of an electronic plumbing retrofit are cost, hygiene, water conservation, and meeting Americans with Disabilities Act 1990 (ADA) requirements. Issues important to the planning of a successful project are detailed. (RE)

  19. School Dress Codes and Uniform Policies.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anderson, Wendell

    2002-01-01

    Opinions abound on what students should wear to class. Some see student dress as a safety issue; others see it as a student-rights issue. The issue of dress codes and uniform policies has been tackled in the classroom, the boardroom, and the courtroom. This Policy Report examines the whole fabric of the debate on dress codes and uniform policies…

  20. 21 CFR 211.48 - Plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Buildings and Facilities § 211.48 Plumbing. (a) Potable water shall be supplied under continuous positive pressure in a plumbing system free of defects that could contribute contamination to any drug product. Potable water shall meet the...

  1. 21 CFR 211.48 - Plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Buildings and Facilities § 211.48 Plumbing. (a) Potable water shall be supplied under continuous positive pressure in a plumbing system free of defects that could contribute contamination to any drug product. Potable water shall meet the...

  2. 21 CFR 211.48 - Plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Buildings and Facilities § 211.48 Plumbing. (a) Potable water shall be supplied under continuous positive pressure in a plumbing system free of defects that could contribute contamination to any drug product. Potable water shall meet the...

  3. 21 CFR 211.48 - Plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Buildings and Facilities § 211.48 Plumbing. (a) Potable water shall be supplied under continuous positive pressure in a plumbing system free of defects that could contribute contamination to any drug product. Potable water shall meet the...

  4. Politicas de uniformes y codigos de vestuario (Uniforms and Dress-Code Policies). ERIC Digest.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lumsden, Linda

    This digest in Spanish examines schools' dress-code policies and discusses the legal considerations and research findings about the effects of such changes. Most revisions to dress codes involve the use of uniforms, typically as a way to curb school violence and create a positive learning environment. A recent survey of secondary school principals…

  5. Impact of Plumbing Age on Copper Levels in Drinking Water

    EPA Science Inventory

    Theory and limited practical experiences suggest that higher copper levels in drinking water tap samples are typically associated with newer plumbing systems, and levels decrease with increasing plumbing age. Past researchers have developed a conceptual model to explain the “agin...

  6. Epidemiology and Ecology of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    EPA Science Inventory

    BACKGROUND: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) that persist and grow in household plumbing, habitats they share with humans. Infections caused by these OPPPs involve individuals with preexis...

  7. Occurrence of Opportunistic Pathogens Legionella Pneumophilaand Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria in Hospital Plumbing Systems

    EPA Science Inventory

    Opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) such as Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are frequently detected in the plumbing systems of large buildings. The ability of these organisms to form biofilms and to grow in phagocytic amoeba ar...

  8. The Contract Management Body of Knowledge: A Comparison of Contracting Competencies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-12-01

    SME subject matter expert SOW statement of work TINA Truth in Negotiations Act UCC uniform commercial code WBS work breakdown structure xv...documents whose terms and condition are legally enforceable. Sources of law and guidance covered include the uniform commercial code ( UCC ), Federal...contracting including the uniform commercial code ( UCC ), Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), as well as various other laws pertaining to both

  9. Capacity achieving nonbinary LDPC coded non-uniform shaping modulation for adaptive optical communications.

    PubMed

    Lin, Changyu; Zou, Ding; Liu, Tao; Djordjevic, Ivan B

    2016-08-08

    A mutual information inspired nonbinary coded modulation design with non-uniform shaping is proposed. Instead of traditional power of two signal constellation sizes, we design 5-QAM, 7-QAM and 9-QAM constellations, which can be used in adaptive optical networks. The non-uniform shaping and LDPC code rate are jointly considered in the design, which results in a better performance scheme for the same SNR values. The matched nonbinary (NB) LDPC code is used for this scheme, which further improves the coding gain and the overall performance. We analyze both coding performance and system SNR performance. We show that the proposed NB LDPC-coded 9-QAM has more than 2dB gain in symbol SNR compared to traditional LDPC-coded star-8-QAM. On the other hand, the proposed NB LDPC-coded 5-QAM and 7-QAM have even better performance than LDPC-coded QPSK.

  10. Construction Cluster Volume III [Plumbing].

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pennsylvania State Dept. of Justice, Harrisburg. Bureau of Correction.

    The document is the third of a series, to be integrated with a G.E.D. program, containing instructional materials at the basic skills level for the construction cluster. The volume focuses on plumbing and consists of 20 instructional units which require a month of study. The units include: (1) importance of plumbing; (2) pipe and tubing…

  11. Clonality, recombination, and hybridization in the plumbing-inhabiting human pathogen Fusarium keratoplasticum inferred from multilocus sequence typing

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Recent work has shown that Fusarium species and genotypes most commonly associated with human infections, particularly of the cornea (mycotic keratitis), are the same as those most commonly isolated from plumbing systems. The species most dominant in plumbing biofilms is Fusarium keratoplasticum, a ...

  12. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) dramatically describes some of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-10-15

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) dramatically describes some of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

  13. Student Dress Codes and Uniforms. Research Brief

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Johnston, Howard

    2009-01-01

    According to an Education Commission of the States "Policy Report", research on the effects of dress code and school uniform policies is inconclusive and mixed. Some researchers find positive effects; others claim no effects or only perceived effects. While no state has legislatively mandated the wearing of school uniforms, 28 states and…

  14. Dress Codes and Uniforms.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lumsden, Linda; Miller, Gabriel

    2002-01-01

    Students do not always make choices that adults agree with in their choice of school dress. Dress-code issues are explored in this Research Roundup, and guidance is offered to principals seeking to maintain a positive school climate. In "Do School Uniforms Fit?" Kerry White discusses arguments for and against school uniforms and summarizes the…

  15. Limited School Drinking Water Access for Youth.

    PubMed

    Kenney, Erica L; Gortmaker, Steven L; Cohen, Juliana F W; Rimm, Eric B; Cradock, Angie L

    2016-07-01

    Providing children and youth with safe, adequate drinking water access during school is essential for health. This study used objectively measured data to investigate the extent to which schools provide drinking water access that meets state and federal policies. We visited 59 middle and high schools in Massachusetts during spring 2012. Trained research assistants documented the type, location, and working condition of all water access points throughout each school building using a standard protocol. School food service directors (FSDs) completed surveys reporting water access in cafeterias. We evaluated school compliance with state plumbing codes and federal regulations and compared FSD self-reports of water access with direct observation; data were analyzed in 2014. On average, each school had 1.5 (standard deviation: .6) water sources per 75 students; 82% (standard deviation: 20) were functioning and fewer (70%) were both clean and functioning. Less than half of the schools met the federal Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act requirement for free water access during lunch; 18 schools (31%) provided bottled water for purchase but no free water. Slightly over half (59%) met the Massachusetts state plumbing code. FSDs overestimated free drinking water access compared to direct observation (96% FSD reported vs. 48% observed, kappa = .07, p = .17). School drinking water access may be limited. In this study, many schools did not meet state or federal policies for minimum student drinking water access. School administrative staff may not accurately report water access. Public health action is needed to increase school drinking water access. Copyright © 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education. Plumbing Specialist 3-2. Volume 1.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

    This individualized, self-paced course for independent study in plumbing was adapted from military curriculum materials for use in vocational education. The course provides the theory to accompany on-the-job training in the plumbing trade. It provides basic information on job safety and tools, waste systems, and water supply systems and fixtures.…

  17. Fate of free chlorine in drinking water during distribution in premise plumbing.

    PubMed

    Zheng, Muzi; He, Chunguang; He, Qiang

    2015-12-01

    Free chlorine is a potent oxidizing agent and has been used extensively as a disinfectant in processes including water treatment. The presence of free chlorine residual is essential for the prevention of microbial regrowth in water distribution systems. However, excessive levels of free chlorine can cause adverse health effects. It is a major challenge to maintain appropriate levels of free chlorine residual in premise plumbing. As the first effort to assessing the fate of chlorine in premise plumbing using actual premise plumbing pipe sections, three piping materials frequently used in premise plumbing, i.e. copper, galvanized iron, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), were investigated for their performance in maintaining free chlorine residual. Free chlorine decay was shown to follow first-order kinetics for all three pipe materials tested. The most rapid chlorine decay was observed in copper pipes, suggesting the need for higher chlorine dosage to maintain appropriate levels of free chlorine residual if copper piping is used. PVC pipes exhibited the least reactivity with free chlorine, indicative of the advantage of PVC as a premise plumbing material for maintaining free chlorine residual. The reactivity of copper piping with free chlorine was significantly hindered by the accumulation of pipe deposits. In contrast, the impact on chlorine decay by pipe deposits was not significant in galvanized iron and PVC pipes. Findings in this study are of great importance for the development of effective strategies for the control of free chlorine residual and prevention of microbiological contamination in premise plumbing.

  18. Progressive reactivation of the volcanic plumbing system beneath Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) revealed by long-period seismicity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Frank, William B.; Shapiro, Nikolaï M.; Gusev, Alexander A.

    2018-07-01

    After lying dormant for 36 yr, the Tolbachik volcano of the Klyuchevskoy group started to erupt on 27 November 2012. We investigate the preparatory phase of this eruption via a statistical analysis of the temporal behavior of long-period (LP) earthquakes that occurred beneath this volcanic system. The LP seismicity occurs close to the surface beneath the main volcanic edifices and at 30 km depth in the vicinity of a deep magmatic reservoir. The deep LP earthquakes and those beneath the Klyuchevskoy volcano occur quasi-periodically, while the LP earthquakes beneath Tolbachik are clustered in time. As the seismicity rate increased beneath Tolbachik days before the eruption, the level of the time clustering decreased. We interpret this as a manifestation of the evolution of the volcano plumbing system. We suggest that when a plumbing system awakes after quiescence, multiple cracks and channels are reactivated simultaneously and their interaction results in the strong time clustering of LP earthquakes. With time, this network of channels and cracks evolves into a more stable state with an overall increased permeability, where fluids flow uninhibited throughout the plumbing system except for a few remaining impediments that continue to generate seismic radiation. The inter-seismic source interaction and the level of earthquake time clustering in this latter state is weak. This scenario suggests that the observed evolution of the statistical behavior of the shallow LP seismicity beneath Tolbachik is an indicator of the reactivation and consolidation of the near-surface plumbing system prior to the Tolbachik eruption. The parts of the plumbing system above the deep magmatic reservoir and beneath the Klyuchevskoy volcano remain in nearly permanent activity, as demonstrated by the continuous occurrence of the deep LP earthquakes and very frequent Klyuchevskoy eruptions. This implies that these parts of the plumbing system remain in a stable permeable state and contain a few weakly interacting seismogenic sources. Our results provide new constraints on future mechanical models of the magmatic plumbing systems and demonstrate that the level of time clustering of LP earthquakes can be a useful parameter to infer information about the state of the plumbing system.

  19. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Commentary

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...,” as defined in section 4A-501(b) of Article 4A, Funds Transfers, of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC... refers to other provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, e.g., definitions in article 1 of the UCC, these other provisions of the UCC, as approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform...

  20. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Commentary

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...,” as defined in section 4A-501(b) of Article 4A, Funds Transfers, of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC... refers to other provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, e.g., definitions in Article 1 of the UCC, these other provisions of the UCC, as approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform...

  1. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Commentary

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...,” as defined in section 4A-501(b) of Article 4A, Funds Transfers, of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC... refers to other provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, e.g., definitions in Article 1 of the UCC, these other provisions of the UCC, as approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform...

  2. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Commentary

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...,” as defined in section 4A-501(b) of Article 4A, Funds Transfers, of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC... refers to other provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, e.g., definitions in article 1 of the UCC, these other provisions of the UCC, as approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform...

  3. 12 CFR Appendix A to Subpart B of... - Commentary

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...,” as defined in section 4A-501(b) of Article 4A, Funds Transfers, of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC... refers to other provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, e.g., definitions in Article 1 of the UCC, these other provisions of the UCC, as approved by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform...

  4. Domestic water conservation potential in Saudi Arabia

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abdulrazzak, Mohammed J.; Khan, Muhammad Z. A.

    1990-03-01

    Domestic water conservation in arid climates can result in efficient utilization of existing water supplies. The impacts of conservation measures such as the installation of water-saving devices, water metering and pricing schemes, water rationing and public awareness programs, strict plumbing codes, penalties for wasting water, programs designed to reduce leakage from public water lines and within the home, water-efficient landscaping, economic and ethical incentives are addressed in detail. Cost savings in arid climates, with particular reference to Saudi Arabia, in relation to some conservation techniques, are presented. Water conservation technology and tentative demonstration and implementation of water conservation programs are discussed.

  5. 17 CFR 274.402 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... for access codes to file on EDGAR. 274.402 Section 274.402 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Forms for Electronic Filing § 274.402 Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR..., filing agent or training agent to log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d...

  6. 17 CFR 239.63 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... for access codes to file on EDGAR. 239.63 Section 239.63 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES... Statements § 239.63 Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR. Form ID must be filed by... log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification...

  7. 17 CFR 239.63 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... for access codes to file on EDGAR. 239.63 Section 239.63 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES... Statements § 239.63 Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR. Form ID must be filed by... log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification...

  8. 17 CFR 274.402 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... for access codes to file on EDGAR. 274.402 Section 274.402 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Forms for Electronic Filing § 274.402 Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR..., filing agent or training agent to log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d...

  9. Continuous sterilization of plumbing systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bryan, C. J.; Moyers, C. V.; Wright, E. E., Jr.

    1979-01-01

    Continuous sterilization of plumbing, such as in hospitals, clinics, and biological testing laboratories is possible with ethylene oxide/Freon 12 (ETO/F-12) humidifier developed for sterilization of potable water systems.

  10. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) begins his dramatic presentation of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. The block of light on the stage represented the size of the cell he was confined in. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-10-15

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) begins his dramatic presentation of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. The block of light on the stage represented the size of the cell he was confined in. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

  11. 33. Second floor, detail of plumbing access area Veterans ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    33. Second floor, detail of plumbing access area - Veterans Administration Center, Officers Duplex Quarters, 5302 East Kellogg (Legal Address); 5500 East Kellogg (Common Address), Wichita, Sedgwick County, KS

  12. APPLICATION OF EPANET TO UNDERSTAND LEAD RELEASE IN PREMISE PLUMBING

    EPA Science Inventory

    This presentation describes the factors affecting lead concentration in tap water using an EPANET hydraulic model for a simplified home model, a realistic home model, and EPA's experimental home plumbing system.

  13. 33 CFR 45.1 - Enlistment of personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. (b) Any person desiring to enlist in the Coast Guard should... references, employers, school authorities and physical and mental examinations. Concealment of any fact... enlistment may subject the applicant to criminal penalties under the Uniform Code of Military Justice and/or...

  14. 33 CFR 45.1 - Enlistment of personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. (b) Any person desiring to enlist in the Coast Guard should... references, employers, school authorities and physical and mental examinations. Concealment of any fact... enlistment may subject the applicant to criminal penalties under the Uniform Code of Military Justice and/or...

  15. 33 CFR 45.1 - Enlistment of personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. (b) Any person desiring to enlist in the Coast Guard should... references, employers, school authorities and physical and mental examinations. Concealment of any fact... enlistment may subject the applicant to criminal penalties under the Uniform Code of Military Justice and/or...

  16. 33 CFR 45.1 - Enlistment of personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. (b) Any person desiring to enlist in the Coast Guard should... references, employers, school authorities and physical and mental examinations. Concealment of any fact... enlistment may subject the applicant to criminal penalties under the Uniform Code of Military Justice and/or...

  17. 33 CFR 45.1 - Enlistment of personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. (b) Any person desiring to enlist in the Coast Guard should... references, employers, school authorities and physical and mental examinations. Concealment of any fact... enlistment may subject the applicant to criminal penalties under the Uniform Code of Military Justice and/or...

  18. Eligibility of Indoor Plumbing Under Alaska Sanitation Infrastructure Grant Program

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Memorandum response to questions that relate to whether indoor plumbing of homes, as part of a wastewater construction project, is an eligible cost item under the EPA Alaska Sanitation Infrastructure Grant Program.

  19. 9 CFR 354.223 - Drainage and plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... approved traps and vents. The drainage and plumbing system must permit the quick runoff of all water from... covers. (3) Toilet soil lines shall be separate from house drainage lines to a point outside the...

  20. Simple, Internally Adjustable Valve

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burley, Richard K.

    1990-01-01

    Valve containing simple in-line, adjustable, flow-control orifice made from ordinary plumbing fitting and two allen setscrews. Construction of valve requires only simple drilling, tapping, and grinding. Orifice installed in existing fitting, avoiding changes in rest of plumbing.

  1. An Analysis of the Effect of Knowledge Management on the Execution of Simplified Acquisition Procedures

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-12-27

    of Work UCC Uniform Commercial Code USD(AT&L) Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics WBS Work Breakdown Structure...intensive career field. The FAR, the DFARS, and other federal agency supplements of the FAR, the Uniform Commercial Code ( UCC ), installation guidelines

  2. Child Care Services and the NYS Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code: A Building Code Examination of Child Day Care Services Which Are Regulated by the NYS Department of Social Services with Particular Attention to Day Care Centers and the Role of the Local Authority Having Jurisdiction.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    New York State Div. of Code Enforcement and Administration, Albany.

    This course manual details the Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code of New York State and how it affects child care services, particularly day care centers. The sections of the manual, each detailing a part of the code, are: (1) Introduction, Scope, Registration, and Definitions and Facilities Regulated by the New York Department of Social…

  3. Release of drinking water contaminants and odor impacts caused by green building cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing systems.

    PubMed

    Kelley, Keven M; Stenson, Alexandra C; Dey, Rajarashi; Whelton, Andrew J

    2014-12-15

    Green buildings are increasingly being plumbed with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) potable water pipe. Tap water quality was investigated at a six month old plumbing system and chemical and odor quality impacts of six PEX pipe brands were examined. Eleven PEX related contaminants were found in the plumbing system; one regulated (toluene) and several unregulated: Antioxidant degradation products, resin solvents, initiator degradation products, or manufacturing aides. Water chemical and odor quality was monitored for new PEX-a, -b and -c pipes with (2 mg/L free chlorine) and without disinfectant over 30 days. Odor and total organic carbon (TOC) levels decreased for all pipes, but odor remained greater than the USA's Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) secondary maximum contaminant level. Odors were not attributed to known odorants ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE) or methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Free chlorine caused odor levels for PEX-a1 pipe to increase from 26 to 75 threshold odor number (TON) on day 3 and affected the rate at which TOC changed for each brand over 30 days. As TOC decreased, the ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm increased. Pipes consumed as much as 0.5 mg/L as Cl2 during each 3 day stagnation period. Sixteen organic chemicals were identified, including toluene, pyridine, methylene trichloroacetate and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Some were also detected during the plumbing system field investigation. Six brands of PEX pipes sold in the USA and a PEX-a green building plumbing system impacted chemical and drinking water odor quality. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. 77 FR 18687 - Guidance Regarding Deduction and Capitalization of Expenditures Related to Tangible Property...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-28

    ... 20. * * * The plumbing fixtures in all the restrooms perform a discrete and critical function in the... fixtures in the hotel building perform a discrete and critical function in the operation of the plumbing...

  5. 7. PHOTOCOPY, PLUMBING AND MECHANICAL PLAN AND DETAILS FOR UNDERGROUND ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    7. PHOTOCOPY, PLUMBING AND MECHANICAL PLAN AND DETAILS FOR UNDERGROUND STORAGE MAGAZINES AND LAUNCHER-LOADER ASSEMBLIES. - NIKE Missile Base SL-40, Underground Storage Magazines & Launcher-Loader Assemblies, Southwesternmost end of launch area, Hecker, Monroe County, IL

  6. 32 CFR 552.145 - Violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... prohibited by law or lawful regulation * * * shall be fined for not more than $500.00 or imprisoned not more... this subpart. (c) In addition, violation of this subpart by persons subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. 801-940) is a violation of Article 92 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. ...

  7. 76 FR 38051 - Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Definition of Sexual Assault (DFARS Case 2010...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-29

    ... offenses addressed in the definition are covered under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Further, sexual assault offenses in the definition, which are not covered by the Uniform Code of Military Justice.... DATES: Effective date: June 29, 2011. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Julian Thrash, 703-602-0310...

  8. Uniform Policy/Dress Codes: School Staff and Parent Perceptions of Need and Impact.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Stevenson, Zollie, Jr.; Chunn, Eva Wells

    This study examines the impact of uniform/dress codes and practices on school climate, educational attainment, and student affective and cognitive domains in Washington (District of Columbia) schools. Information was drawn from surveys of 301 principals and teachers and 268 parents. The following findings are presented: (1) reasons cited for…

  9. Do School Uniforms Fit?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    White, Kerry A.

    2000-01-01

    In 1994, Long Beach (California) Unified School District began requiring uniforms in all elementary and middle schools. Now, half of all urban school systems and many suburban schools have uniform policies. Research on uniforms' effectiveness is mixed. Tightened dress codes may be just as effective and less litigious. (MLH)

  10. Occurrence of Opportunistic Pathogens Legionella pneumophila and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in hospital plumbing systems

    EPA Science Inventory

    Occurrence of Opportunistic Pathogens Legionella pneumophila and non-tuberculous mycobacteria in hospital plumbing systems Jill Hoelle, Michael Coughlin, Elizabeth Sotkiewicz, Jingrang Lu, Stacy Pfaller, Mark Rodgers, and Hodon Ryu U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati...

  11. RESEARCH NEEDS FOR OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS IN PREMISE PLUMBING

    EPA Science Inventory

    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OBJECTIVES. The objectives of this project were to: 1.) Host an expert workshop to identify research needs for opportunistic premise (i.e., building) plumbing pathogens (OPPPs); 2.) With the assistance of the workshop participants, prepare this research repor...

  12. Impact of Water Quality on Chlorine Demand of Corroding Copper

    EPA Science Inventory

    Copper is the most widely used material in drinking water premise plumbing systems. In buildings such as hospitals, large and complicated plumbing networks make it difficult to maintain good water quality. Sustaining safe disinfectant residuals throughout a building to protect ag...

  13. An Analysis of the Plumbing Occupation.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Carlton, Earnest L.; Hollar, Charles E.

    The occupational analysis contains a brief job description, presenting for the occupation of plumbing 12 detailed task statements which specify job duties (tools, equipment, materials, objects acted upon, performance knowledge, safety considerations/hazards, decisions, cues, and errors) and learning skills (science, mathematics/number systems, and…

  14. Secured Transactions: An Integrated Classroom Approach Using Financial Statements and Acronyms

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Seganish, W. Michael

    2005-01-01

    Students struggle with the subject of secured transactions under the Uniform Commercial Code. In this article, the author presents a method that uses balance-sheet information to help students visualize the difference between secured and unsecured creditors. The balance sheet is also used in the Uniform Commercial Code process, in which one must…

  15. Vocational Preparation Curriculum: Plumbing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Usoro, Hogan

    This document is a curriculum guide for instructors teaching vocational preparation for plumbing to special needs students. The purpose of the curriculum guide is to provide minimum skills for disadvantaged and handicapped students entering the mainstream; to supplement vocational skills of those students already in a regular training program…

  16. 21 CFR 211.48 - Plumbing.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Plumbing. 211.48 Section 211.48 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) DRUGS: GENERAL CURRENT GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE FOR FINISHED PHARMACEUTICALS Buildings and Facilities § 211.48...

  17. Importance of Geodetically Controlled Topography to Constrain Rates of Volcanism and Internal Magma Plumbing Systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Glaze, L. S.; Baloga, S. M.; Garvin, J. B.; Quick, L. C.

    2014-05-01

    Lava flows and flow fields on Venus lack sufficient topographic data for any type of quantitative modeling to estimate eruption rates and durations. Such modeling can constrain rates of resurfacing and provide insights into magma plumbing systems.

  18. 24 CFR 3285.604 - Drainage system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Drainage system. 3285.604 Section... DEVELOPMENT MODEL MANUFACTURED HOME INSTALLATION STANDARDS Ductwork and Plumbing and Fuel Supply Systems § 3285.604 Drainage system. (a) Crossovers. Multi-section homes with plumbing in more than one section...

  19. 24 CFR 3285.604 - Drainage system.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Drainage system. 3285.604 Section... DEVELOPMENT MODEL MANUFACTURED HOME INSTALLATION STANDARDS Ductwork and Plumbing and Fuel Supply Systems § 3285.604 Drainage system. (a) Crossovers. Multi-section homes with plumbing in more than one section...

  20. 21 CFR 110.37 - Sanitary facilities and controls.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... food-packaging materials, or for employee sanitary facilities. (b) Plumbing. Plumbing shall be of... understandable signs directing employees handling unproteced food, unprotected food-packaging materials, of food... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Sanitary facilities and controls. 110.37 Section...

  1. 24 CFR 3280.607 - Plumbing fixtures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... less than 11/2 inches for sinks of two or more compartments, dishwashers, clothes washing machines... of Test for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings, ANSI Z97.1-1984. (iv) Prefabricated plumbing fixtures shall be approved or listed. (4) Dishwashing machines. (i) A dishwashing machine shall not be...

  2. 24 CFR 3280.607 - Plumbing fixtures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... less than 11/2 inches for sinks of two or more compartments, dishwashers, clothes washing machines... of Test for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings, ANSI Z97.1-1984. (iv) Prefabricated plumbing fixtures shall be approved or listed. (4) Dishwashing machines. (i) A dishwashing machine shall not be...

  3. 24 CFR 3280.607 - Plumbing fixtures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... less than 11/2 inches for sinks of two or more compartments, dishwashers, clothes washing machines... of Test for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings, ANSI Z97.1-1984. (iv) Prefabricated plumbing fixtures shall be approved or listed. (4) Dishwashing machines. (i) A dishwashing machine shall not be...

  4. 24 CFR 3280.607 - Plumbing fixtures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... less than 11/2 inches for sinks of two or more compartments, dishwashers, clothes washing machines... of Test for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings, ANSI Z97.1-1984. (iv) Prefabricated plumbing fixtures shall be approved or listed. (4) Dishwashing machines. (i) A dishwashing machine shall not be...

  5. Building Trades. Carpentry, Electrical Wiring, Plumbing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Missouri Univ., Columbia. Instructional Materials Lab.

    This curriculum guide contains 21 units of self-paced, self-contained instructional materials in the complete building trades curriculum. It is divided into vocational areas of carpentry, electrical wiring, and plumbing. The purpose of the curriculum is to provide minimum skills for disadvantaged and handicapped students entering mainstream…

  6. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  7. 24 CFR 941.203 - Design and construction standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... national building code, such as Uniform Building Code, Council of American Building Officials Code, or Building Officials Conference of America Code; (2) Applicable State and local laws, codes, ordinances, and... intended to serve. Building design and construction shall strive to encourage in residents a proprietary...

  8. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  9. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  10. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  11. 24 CFR 941.203 - Design and construction standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... national building code, such as Uniform Building Code, Council of American Building Officials Code, or Building Officials Conference of America Code; (2) Applicable State and local laws, codes, ordinances, and... intended to serve. Building design and construction shall strive to encourage in residents a proprietary...

  12. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  13. 7 CFR 4274.337 - Other regulatory requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... with the seismic provisions of one of the following model building codes or the latest edition of that...) Uniform Building Code; (ii) 1993 Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA) National Building Code; or (iii) 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code Congress International...

  14. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  15. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  16. 41 CFR 128-1.8005 - Seismic safety standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the model building codes that the Interagency Committee on Seismic Safety in Construction (ICSSC...) Uniform Building Code (UBC); (2) The 1992 Supplement to the Building Officials and Code Administrators International (BOCA) National Building Code (NBC); and (3) The 1992 Amendments to the Southern Building Code...

  17. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  18. 24 CFR 92.251 - Property standards.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ..., as applicable, one of three model codes: Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two...) Housing that is constructed or rehabilitated with HOME funds must meet all applicable local codes...

  19. Limited school drinking water access for youth

    PubMed Central

    Kenney, Erica L.; Gortmaker, Steven L.; Cohen, Juliana F.W.; Rimm, Eric B.; Cradock, Angie L.

    2016-01-01

    PURPOSE Providing children and youth with safe, adequate drinking water access during school is essential for health. This study utilized objectively measured data to investigate the extent to which schools provide drinking water access that meets state and federal policies. METHODS We visited 59 middle and high schools in Massachusetts during spring 2012. Trained research assistants documented the type, location, and working condition of all water access points throughout each school building using a standard protocol. School food service directors (FSDs) completed surveys reporting water access in cafeterias. We evaluated school compliance with state plumbing codes and federal regulations and compared FSD self-reports of water access with direct observation; data were analyzed in 2014. RESULTS On average, each school had 1.5 (SD: 0.6) water sources per 75 students; 82% (SD: 20) were functioning, and fewer (70%) were both clean and functioning. Less than half of the schools met the federal Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act requirement for free water access during lunch; 18 schools (31%) provided bottled water for purchase but no free water. Slightly over half (59%) met the Massachusetts state plumbing code. FSDs overestimated free drinking water access compared to direct observation (96% FSD-reported versus 48% observed, kappa=0.07, p=0.17). CONCLUSIONS School drinking water access may be limited. In this study, many schools did not meet state or federal policies for minimum student drinking water access. School administrative staff may not accurately report water access. Public health action is needed to increase school drinking water access. IMPLICATIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS Adolescents’ water consumption is lower than recommended. In a sample of Massachusetts middle and high schools, about half did not meet federal and state minimum drinking water access policies. Direct observation may improve assessments of drinking water access and could be integrated into routine school food service monitoring protocols. PMID:27235376

  20. Development of an efficient computer code to solve the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations. [for predicting viscous flow fields about lifting bodies

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Harp, J. L., Jr.; Oatway, T. P.

    1975-01-01

    A research effort was conducted with the goal of reducing computer time of a Navier Stokes Computer Code for prediction of viscous flow fields about lifting bodies. A two-dimensional, time-dependent, laminar, transonic computer code (STOKES) was modified to incorporate a non-uniform timestep procedure. The non-uniform time-step requires updating of a zone only as often as required by its own stability criteria or that of its immediate neighbors. In the uniform timestep scheme each zone is updated as often as required by the least stable zone of the finite difference mesh. Because of less frequent update of program variables it was expected that the nonuniform timestep would result in a reduction of execution time by a factor of five to ten. Available funding was exhausted prior to successful demonstration of the benefits to be derived from the non-uniform time-step method.

  1. 24 CFR 3280.602 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... operator. Plumbing appurtenance: means a manufactured device, or a prefabricated assembly, or an on-the-job assembly of component parts, and which is an adjunct to the basic piping system and plumbing system and... following two types, or a combination of the two: (a) Self-siphonage resulting from vacuum in a fixture...

  2. 78 FR 13872 - Proposed Information Collection Request; Comment Request; EPA's WaterSense Program (Renewal); EPA...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-01

    ... profanity, threats, information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information...-efficient products and use water-efficient practices. As part of strategic planning efforts, EPA encourages... Reporting Form Promotional partners 6100-09 Manufacturers (separate forms for plumbing and non- plumbing...

  3. Plumbing and Sewage Disposal.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sutliff, Ronald D.; And Others

    This self-study course is designed to familiarize Marine enlisted personnel with the principles of plumbing and sewage disposal used by Marine Hygiene Equipment Operators to perform their mission. The course contains three study units. Each study unit begins with a general objective, which is a statement of what the student should learn from the…

  4. LEACHING OF METALS FROM HOUSEHOLD PLUMBING MATERIALS: IMPACT OF HOME WATER SOFTENERS

    EPA Science Inventory

    A pilot plant study was conducted to evaluate the effects of household ion exchange softening on the leaching of metals from home plumbing materials. The study was conducted in two phases on two different water qualities. Phase I was conducted using a finished tap water having a...

  5. 16 CFR 305.16 - Labeling and marking for plumbing products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... CONGRESS RULE CONCERNING DISCLOSURES REGARDING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND WATER USE OF CERTAIN HOME APPLIANCES AND OTHER PRODUCTS REQUIRED UNDER THE ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT (âAPPLIANCE LABELING RULEâ... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Labeling and marking for plumbing products...

  6. 16 CFR 305.16 - Labeling and marking for plumbing products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... CONGRESS RULE CONCERNING DISCLOSURES REGARDING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND WATER USE OF CERTAIN HOME APPLIANCES AND OTHER PRODUCTS REQUIRED UNDER THE ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT (âAPPLIANCE LABELING RULEâ... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Labeling and marking for plumbing products...

  7. 16 CFR 305.16 - Labeling and marking for plumbing products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... CONGRESS RULE CONCERNING DISCLOSURES REGARDING ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND WATER USE OF CERTAIN HOME APPLIANCES AND OTHER PRODUCTS REQUIRED UNDER THE ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT (âAPPLIANCE LABELING RULEâ... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Labeling and marking for plumbing products...

  8. Introduction to Plumbing. Introduction to Construction Series. Instructor Edition.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Oklahoma State Dept. of Vocational and Technical Education, Stillwater. Curriculum and Instructional Materials Center.

    This competency-based curriculum guide on the specialty area of plumbing is part of the Introduction to Construction series. The series is designed with the flexible training requirements of open shop contractors, preapprenticeship programs, multicraft high school programs, technology education programs, and cooperative education programs in mind.…

  9. KSC-03PD-2830

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2003-01-01

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) dramatically describes some of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

  10. Plumbing Curriculum Guide. Construction Trades. Michigan Trade and Industrial Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Michigan State Univ., East Lansing. Coll. of Agriculture and Natural Resources Education Inst.

    This task-based curriculum guide is intended to help secondary teachers provide relevant training for an entry-level job in plumbing. Introductory materials include background information on trade and industrial education and program goals and safety information. Descriptions follow of the construction trades program, vocational cooperative…

  11. Frugal Flow

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Nortier, Richard

    2008-01-01

    The plumbing products most appropriate for a high-end hotel or executive restroom will differ from those most suited for school and university restrooms, where large numbers of boisterous students may charge through the doors all day long. However, installing plumbing that can stand up to rough-and-tough student use does not have to compromise…

  12. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  13. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  14. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  15. 12 CFR 1807.503 - Project completion.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... applicable: One of three model codes (Uniform Building Code (ICBO), National Building Code (BOCA), Standard (Southern) Building Code (SBCCI)); or the Council of American Building Officials (CABO) one or two family... must meet the current edition of the Model Energy Code published by the Council of American Building...

  16. Aerodynamic analysis of three advanced configurations using the TranAir full-potential code

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Madson, M. D.; Carmichael, R. L.; Mendoza, J. P.

    1989-01-01

    Computational results are presented for three advanced configurations: the F-16A with wing tip missiles and under wing fuel tanks, the Oblique Wing Research Aircraft, and an Advanced Turboprop research model. These results were generated by the latest version of the TranAir full potential code, which solves for transonic flow over complex configurations. TranAir embeds a surface paneled geometry definition in a uniform rectangular flow field grid, thus avoiding the use of surface conforming grids, and decoupling the grid generation process from the definition of the configuration. The new version of the code locally refines the uniform grid near the surface of the geometry, based on local panel size and/or user input. This method distributes the flow field grid points much more efficiently than the previous version of the code, which solved for a grid that was uniform everywhere in the flow field. TranAir results are presented for the three configurations and are compared with wind tunnel data.

  17. Plumbing. Trade and Industrial Education Course of Study.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Erisman, Kenneth E., Comp.; Gerberich, Charles F., Comp.

    Intended to be used as a teaching and learning guide, the basic course of study presented in these materials is designed to provide the essentials of the plumbing trade, insuring that students who successfully complete the course will have sufficient competencies for initial employment and ample orientation for growth and development. The course…

  18. Differential growth of Legionella pneumophila strains within a range of amoebae at various temperatures associated with in-premise plumbing

    EPA Science Inventory

    The potential effect of in-premise plumbing temperatures (24, 32, 37 and 41 °C) on the growth of five different L. pneumophila strains within free-living amoebae (Acanthamoeba polyphaga, Hartmannella vermiformis and Naegleria fowleri) was examined. Compared to controls only fed E...

  19. The Financial Crisis and the Death (or Hegemony) of Development Economics

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Rajan, Raghuram

    2010-01-01

    "Development economics" was the study of how to create the plumbing that would allow developing economies to become developed. The financial crisis leads us to question whether industrialized countries have the plumbing problem solved and thus leads us to question whether we need a development economics that is separate from macroeconomics.…

  20. How to Identify Lead-Free Certification Marks for Drinking Water System & Plumbing Materials

    EPA Science Inventory

    In 2011, Congress passed the “Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act,” which effectively reduces the lead content allowed in material used for potable water plumbing. The Act, which will go into effect on January 4, 2014, changes the definition of “lead-free” by reducing allowed...

  1. How to Identify Lead-Free Certification Marks for Drinking Water System & Plumbing Materials - Presentation

    EPA Science Inventory

    In 2011, Congress passed the “Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act,” which effectively reduces the lead content allowed in material used for potable water plumbing. The Act, which will go into effect on January 4, 2014, changes the definition of “lead-free” by reducing allowed...

  2. Plumbing and Pipefitting. Student Learning Guides.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ridge Vocational-Technical Center, Winter Haven, FL.

    These 32 learning guides are self-instructional packets for 32 tasks identified as essential for performance on an entry-level job in plumbing and pipefitting. Each guide is based on a terminal performance objective (task) and 1-4 enabling objectives. For each enabling objective, some or all of these materials may be presented: learning steps…

  3. Working as a Plumber; Construction 7-9--Prevocational: 5846.09.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Dade County Public Schools, Miami, FL.

    The beginning course involves the student with practices in plumbing, referring to the various systems of pipes and tubes that carry liquids and gases from a source to a building. Course content includes goals, specific objectives, orientation, selecting hardware, tools and equipment, prescription for faulty fixtures, and plumbing installations.…

  4. Teaching Hands-on Plumbing in a County Facility: A Working Plumber's Experience.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mattucci, Robert F.; Johnson, Meghan W.

    2003-01-01

    A plumbing program teaches minimum-security inmates technical skills, decision making, motivation, and teamwork. In New York, 80 inmates have completed the program and 2 have become apprentices upon release. The course, combined with substance abuse treatment and high school equivalency, seeks to counteract recidivism with practical life skills.…

  5. Interactive Effects of Corrosion, Copper, and Chloramines on Legionella and Mycobacteria in Hot Water Plumbing.

    PubMed

    Rhoads, William J; Pruden, Amy; Edwards, Marc A

    2017-06-20

    Complexities associated with drinking water plumbing systems can result in undesirable interactions among plumbing components that undermine engineering controls for opportunistic pathogens (OPs). In this study, we examine the effects of plumbing system materials and two commonly applied disinfectants, copper and chloramines, on water chemistry and the growth of Legionella and mycobacteria across a transect of bench- and pilot-scale hot water experiments carried out with the same municipal water supply. We discovered that copper released from corrosion of plumbing materials can initiate evolution of >1100 times more hydrogen (H 2 ) from water heater sacrificial anode rods than does presence of copper dosed as soluble cupric ions. H 2 is a favorable electron donor for autotrophs and causes fixation of organic carbon that could serve as a nutrient for OPs. Dosed cupric ions acted as a disinfectant in stratified stagnant pipes, inhibiting culturable Legionella and biofilm formation, but promoted Legionella growth in pipes subject to convective mixing. This difference was presumably due to continuous delivery of nutrients to biofilm on the pipes under convective mixing conditions. Chloramines eliminated culturable Legionella and prevented L. pneumophila from recolonizing biofilms, but M. avium gene numbers increased by 0.14-0.76 logs in the bulk water and were unaffected in the biofilm. This study provides practical confirmation of past discrepancies in the literature regarding the variable effects of copper on Legionella growth, and confirms prior reports of trade-offs between Legionella and mycobacteria if chloramines are applied as secondary disinfectant residual.

  6. Guidelines for development structured FORTRAN programs

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Earnest, B. M.

    1984-01-01

    Computer programming and coding standards were compiled to serve as guidelines for the uniform writing of FORTRAN 77 programs at NASA Langley. Software development philosophy, documentation, general coding conventions, and specific FORTRAN coding constraints are discussed.

  7. Error control techniques for satellite and space communications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Costello, Daniel J., Jr.

    1994-01-01

    Brief summaries of research in the following areas are presented: (1) construction of optimum geometrically uniform trellis codes; (2) a statistical approach to constructing convolutional code generators; and (3) calculating the exact performance of a convolutional code.

  8. Comparison of four large-eddy simulation research codes and effects of model coefficient and inflow turbulence in actuator-line-based wind turbine modeling

    DOE PAGES

    Martinez-Tossas, Luis A.; Churchfield, Matthew J.; Yilmaz, Ali Emre; ...

    2018-05-16

    Here, large-eddy simulation (LES) of a wind turbine under uniform inflow is performed using an actuator line model (ALM). Predictions from four LES research codes from the wind energy community are compared. The implementation of the ALM in all codes is similar and quantities along the blades are shown to match closely for all codes. The value of the Smagorinsky coefficient in the subgrid-scale turbulence model is shown to have a negligible effect on the time-averaged loads along the blades. Conversely, the breakdown location of the wake is strongly dependent on the Smagorinsky coefficient in uniform laminar inflow. Simulations aremore » also performed using uniform mean velocity inflow with added homogeneous isotropic turbulence from a public database. The time-averaged loads along the blade do not depend on the inflow turbulence. Moreover, and in contrast to the uniform inflow cases, the Smagorinsky coefficient has a negligible effect on the wake profiles. It is concluded that for LES of wind turbines and wind farms using ALM, careful implementation and extensive cross-verification among codes can result in highly reproducible predictions. Moreover, the characteristics of the inflow turbulence appear to be more important than the details of the subgrid-scale modeling employed in the wake, at least for LES of wind energy applications at the resolutions tested in this work.« less

  9. Comparison of four large-eddy simulation research codes and effects of model coefficient and inflow turbulence in actuator-line-based wind turbine modeling

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Martinez-Tossas, Luis A.; Churchfield, Matthew J.; Yilmaz, Ali Emre

    Here, large-eddy simulation (LES) of a wind turbine under uniform inflow is performed using an actuator line model (ALM). Predictions from four LES research codes from the wind energy community are compared. The implementation of the ALM in all codes is similar and quantities along the blades are shown to match closely for all codes. The value of the Smagorinsky coefficient in the subgrid-scale turbulence model is shown to have a negligible effect on the time-averaged loads along the blades. Conversely, the breakdown location of the wake is strongly dependent on the Smagorinsky coefficient in uniform laminar inflow. Simulations aremore » also performed using uniform mean velocity inflow with added homogeneous isotropic turbulence from a public database. The time-averaged loads along the blade do not depend on the inflow turbulence. Moreover, and in contrast to the uniform inflow cases, the Smagorinsky coefficient has a negligible effect on the wake profiles. It is concluded that for LES of wind turbines and wind farms using ALM, careful implementation and extensive cross-verification among codes can result in highly reproducible predictions. Moreover, the characteristics of the inflow turbulence appear to be more important than the details of the subgrid-scale modeling employed in the wake, at least for LES of wind energy applications at the resolutions tested in this work.« less

  10. How to Identify Lead Free Certification Marks for Drinking Water System & Plumbing Products

    EPA Science Inventory

    The Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act went into effect on January 4, 2014. The Act has reduced the lead content allowed in water system and plumbing products by changing the definition of lead free in Section 1417 of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) from not more than 8% ...

  11. Plumbing. Pre-Apprenticeship Phase 2 Training. Student Training Modules.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brath, Ed

    These 26 Student Training Modules on plumbing comprise one of nine sets of self-paced learning modules developed for Pre-Apprenticeship Phase 2 Training. (A companion instructor's guide is available separately as CE 031 577.) The modules are designed to impart trade knowledge and skills to the student. Each module contains some or all of the…

  12. Home Plumbing Simulator for the Study of Copper and Lead Corrosion and Release, Disinfectant Demand, and Biofilm Activity - abstract

    EPA Science Inventory

    The corrosion of household or premise plumbing materials (such as copper, brass, and solder) and the metal release that results from that corrosion can cause numerous problems, ranging from “blue” water to copper pinhole leaks. If left untreated, these problems can lead to health...

  13. T & I--Plumbing. Kit No. 67. Instructor's Manual [and] Student Learning Activity Guide.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lanford, Frank

    An instructor's manual and student activity guide on plumbing are provided in this set of prevocational education materials which focuses on the vocational area of trade and industry. (This set of materials is one of ninety-two prevocational education sets arranged around a cluster of seven vocational offerings: agriculture, home economics,…

  14. Plumbing Specialist II & III, 3-22. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

    These military-developed curriculum materials consist of a course description, course chart, plan of instruction, lesson plans, study guides, and workbooks for use in training plumbing specialists II and III. Covered in the course blocks are building waste systems and exterior and interior supply systems. Course block II, on building waste…

  15. Plumbing Specialist IV & V, 3-23. Military Curriculum Materials for Vocational and Technical Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

    These military-developed curriculum materials consist of a course description, course chart, plan of instruction, lesson plans, study guides, and workbooks for use in training plumbing specialists IV and V. Covered in the course blocks are fixtures and appurtenances and utility equipment. Block IV on fixtures and appurtenances deals with…

  16. Plumbing. Manual of Instruction for the Plumbing Trade. [Revised Edition].

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    British Columbia Dept. of Education, Victoria.

    This manual for the classroom instructor provides the basic trade knowledge and product data required by the student and the graduate plumber. It is also useful as an on-the-job reference. First, an information page on metric conversion is provided. The contents are presented in what is considered to be the most logical instructional sequence.…

  17. Funneling toward Authenticity: A Response to "Intimacy and Ethical Behavior in Adult Education"

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Callahan, Jamie L.

    2009-01-01

    In his article, "Intimacy and Ethical Action in Adult Education," Donovan Plumb (2009) suggests a pathway for adult educators to achieve the type of world that Gunter (1996) envisions. Plumb argues that the personal qualities that enable people to have fulfilling (sexually) intimate relationships are also those that enable ethical action on the…

  18. Sidelooking laser altimeter for a flight simulator

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Webster, L. D. (Inventor)

    1983-01-01

    An improved laser altimeter for a flight simulator which allows measurement of the height of the simulator probe above the terrain directly below the probe tip is described. A laser beam is directed from the probe at an angle theta to the horizontal to produce a beam spot on the terrain. The angle theta that the laser beam makes with the horizontal is varied so as to bring the beam spot into coincidence with a plumb line coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the probe. A television altimeter camera observes the beam spot and has a raster line aligned with the plumb line. Spot detector circuit coupled to the output of the TV camera monitors the position of the beam spot relative to the plumb line.

  19. Safe hot tap water: knowledge, attitude and practice of plumbers, students and regulatory authorities following the introduction of plumbing regulations in NSW, Australia.

    PubMed

    Harvey, Lara A; Poulos, Roslyn G; Finch, Caroline F; Harvey, John G

    2011-03-01

    Regulations to restrict the temperature of domestic hot tap water were introduced in NSW in 1999. This study investigates the impact of the regulations on the knowledge, attitude and practice of workforce professionals responsible for their uptake and enforcement. Telephone surveys were conducted with a random sample of 110 plumbers and 30 regulating authorities. Surveys were recorded, transcribed and coded. Written questionnaires were completed by 151 plumbing students. The regulations are well known and supported by the majority of plumbers, students and regulators; however 75% of plumbers reported customer dissatisfaction with them. Only a minority of plumbers (11%), students (7%) and regulators (27%) correctly appreciated the impact of a decrease in water temperature in reducing burns. This study identifies the need to improve plumbers and students' understanding of the safety issues underlying the regulations in order to promote more effective advocacy for homes not currently covered by the regulations, and to provide more public education to increase acceptance of them. As only houses built or substantially renovated after June 1999 are likely to have been impacted by the current regulations, there is a need to increase the scope of the regulations to include not only new installations, but also the replacement of existing heated water units if the goal of universal protection is to be achieved. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.

  20. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  1. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  2. 42 CFR 52b.12 - What are the minimum requirements of construction and equipment?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...-8400). (3) ICBO “Uniform Building Code,” Volumes 1-3 (1997). International Conference of Building...-4406). (4) BOCA National Building Code (1996) 1998 Supplement, Building Officials and Code... Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC), 900 Montclair Road, Birmingham, AL 35213-1206 (telephone 205-591...

  3. 41 CFR 101-27.205 - Shelf-life codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Shelf-life codes. 101-27...-Management of Shelf-Life Materials § 101-27.205 Shelf-life codes. Shelf-life items shall be identified by use of a one-digit code to provide for uniform coding of shelf-life materials by all agencies. (a) The...

  4. 41 CFR 101-27.205 - Shelf-life codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2011-07-01 2007-07-01 true Shelf-life codes. 101-27...-Management of Shelf-Life Materials § 101-27.205 Shelf-life codes. Shelf-life items shall be identified by use of a one-digit code to provide for uniform coding of shelf-life materials by all agencies. (a) The...

  5. 41 CFR 101-27.205 - Shelf-life codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true Shelf-life codes. 101-27...-Management of Shelf-Life Materials § 101-27.205 Shelf-life codes. Shelf-life items shall be identified by use of a one-digit code to provide for uniform coding of shelf-life materials by all agencies. (a) The...

  6. 41 CFR 101-27.205 - Shelf-life codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Shelf-life codes. 101-27...-Management of Shelf-Life Materials § 101-27.205 Shelf-life codes. Shelf-life items shall be identified by use of a one-digit code to provide for uniform coding of shelf-life materials by all agencies. (a) The...

  7. 41 CFR 101-27.205 - Shelf-life codes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Shelf-life codes. 101-27...-Management of Shelf-Life Materials § 101-27.205 Shelf-life codes. Shelf-life items shall be identified by use of a one-digit code to provide for uniform coding of shelf-life materials by all agencies. (a) The...

  8. Getting Down to Business: Plumbing Business, Module 35. [Student Guide]. Entrepreneurship Training Components.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sanderson, Barbara

    This module on owning and operating a plumbing business is one of 36 in a series on entrepreneurship. The introduction tells the student what topics will be covered and suggests other modules to read in related occupations. Each unit includes student goals, a case study, and a discussion of the unit subject matter. Learning activities are divided…

  9. THE SCHOOL PLANT GUIDE FOR PLANNING SCHOOL PLANTS OF PENNSYLVANIA. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL, ELECTRIC, HEATING AND VENTILATING, AND PLUMBING STANDARDS.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pennsylvania State Dept. of Public Instruction, Harrisburg.

    A GUIDE COVERING ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS, ELECTRIC, HEATING AND VENTILATING, AND PLUMBING STANDARDS AS APPROVED BY THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION IN 1966. THE FOLLOWING MINIMUM STANDARD FOR NEW BUILDING, ALTERATIONS, AND ADDITIONS ARE OUTLINED--(1) SPATIAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, SUCH AS CEILING HEIGHTS, INTERIOR SANITARY FACILITIES, ROOMS…

  10. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in premise plumbing of large buildings.

    PubMed

    Bédard, Emilie; Prévost, Michèle; Déziel, Eric

    2016-12-01

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that is widely occurring in the environment and is recognized for its capacity to form or join biofilms. The present review consolidates current knowledge on P. aeruginosa ecology and its implication in healthcare facilities premise plumbing. The adaptability of P. aeruginosa and its capacity to integrate the biofilm from the faucet and the drain highlight the role premise plumbing devices can play in promoting growth and persistence. A meta-analysis of P. aeruginosa prevalence in faucets (manual and electronic) and drains reveals the large variation in device positivity reported and suggest the high variability in the sampling approach and context as the main reason for this variation. The effects of the operating conditions that prevail within water distribution systems (disinfection, temperature, and hydraulic regime) on the persistence of P. aeruginosa are summarized. As a result from the review, recommendations for proactive control measures of water contamination by P. aeruginosa are presented. A better understanding of the ecology of P. aeruginosa and key influencing factors in premise plumbing are essential to identify culprit areas and implement effective control measures. © 2016 The Authors. MicrobiologyOpen published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  11. Inhibition of Adherence of Mycobacterium avium to Plumbing Surface Biofilms of Methylobacterium spp.

    PubMed Central

    Ji, Pan; Pruden, Amy; Falkinham, Joseph O.

    2017-01-01

    Both Mycobacterium spp. and Methylobacterium spp. are opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens that are found on pipe surfaces in households. However, examination of data published in prior microbiological surveys indicates that Methylobacterium spp. and Mycobacterium spp. tend not to coexist in the same household plumbing biofilms. That evidence led us to test the hypothesis that Methylobacterium spp. in biofilms could inhibit the adherence of Mycobacterium avium. Measurements of adherence of M. avium cells to stainless steel coupons using both culture and PCR-based methods showed that the presence of Methylobacterium spp. biofilms substantially reduced M. avium adherence and vice versa. That inhibition of M. avium adherence was not reduced by UV-irradiation, cyanide/azide exposure, or autoclaving of the Methylobacterium spp. biofilms. Further, there was no evidence of the production of anti-mycobacterial compounds by biofilm-grown Methylobacterium spp. cells. The results add to understanding of the role of microbial interactions in biofilms as a driving force in the proliferation or inhibition of opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing, and provide a potential new avenue by which M. avium exposures may be reduced for at-risk individuals. PMID:28906463

  12. Coded aperture imaging with self-supporting uniformly redundant arrays. [Patent application

    DOEpatents

    Fenimore, E.E.

    1980-09-26

    A self-supporting uniformly redundant array pattern for coded aperture imaging. The invention utilizes holes which are an integer times smaller in each direction than holes in conventional URA patterns. A balance correlation function is generated where holes are represented by 1's, nonholes are represented by -1's, and supporting area is represented by 0's. The self-supporting array can be used for low energy applications where substrates would greatly reduce throughput.

  13. IGG Subclass and Isotype Specific Immunoglobulin Responses to Lassa Fever and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis: Natural Infection and Immunization

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-09-30

    EQUINE N ENCEPHALOMYELITIS: NATURAL INFECTION AND IMMUNIZATION , I PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Renata J. Engler, LTC, MC CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Uniformed...Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Medicine Bethesda, MD 20814-4799 REPORT DATE: September 30, 1990 ELECTEO 0CT 3 11990 TYPE OF...Uniformed Services University (If applicable) of Health Sciences I 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code

  14. Farm Water Supply and Sanitation--Pipe, Plumbing, Skills and Symbols. Student Materials. V.A. III. V-D-1, V-D-2.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Texas A and M Univ., College Station. Vocational Instructional Services.

    Designed for use by individuals enrolled in vocational agricultural classes, these student materials deal with farm water supply, sanitation, and plumbing skills. Topics covered in the unit are maintaining the farm water supply; repairing faucets and valves, leaks in pipes and storage tanks, and water closets; clearing clogged drains and traps;…

  15. Architectural, Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, and Site Documents Associated with Sustainability Base, N232

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Grymes, Rosalind A.; Martin, Rodney Alexander; Dianati, Soheila

    2016-01-01

    These files contain more precise and accurate representations of the architectural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and site information pertaining to Sustainability Base, aka Collaborative Support Facility, aka N232. These supersede the 'bid' drawings released in STI 8112 previously. They are useful for NASA researchers and collaborators in modeling the performance characteristics of the facility. Otherwise, they do not contain new data.

  16. KSC-03PD-2829

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2003-01-01

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) begins his dramatic presentation of his six years as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. The block of light on the stage represented the size of the cell he was confined in. Plumb was keynote speaker for the kickoff of Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day at KSC, an annual event dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce.

  17. Fall Department Head Report--Reporting Booklet 2.0 to the Massachusetts Division of Occupational Education (Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1975) for Plumbing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Management and Information System for Occupational Education, Winchester, MA.

    The reporting booklet is required for the Census Data System (CDS) of the Management Information System for Occupational Education (MISOE); it contains the reporting forms which collect data that describe program structure and job-entry skill outcomes expected of program completors in the individual occupational education area of plumbing.…

  18. Epidemiology and Ecology of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    PubMed Central

    Hilborn, Elizabeth D.; Arduino, Matthew J.; Pruden, Amy; Edwards, Marc A.

    2015-01-01

    Background Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) that persist and grow in household plumbing, habitats they share with humans. Infections caused by these OPPPs involve individuals with preexisting risk factors and frequently require hospitalization. Objectives The objectives of this report are to alert professionals of the impact of OPPPs, the fact that 30% of the population may be exposed to OPPPs, and the need to develop means to reduce OPPP exposure. We herein present a review of the epidemiology and ecology of these three bacterial OPPPs, specifically to identify common and unique features. Methods A Water Research Foundation–sponsored workshop gathered experts from across the United States to review the characteristics of OPPPs, identify problems, and develop a list of research priorities to address critical knowledge gaps with respect to increasing OPPP-associated disease. Discussion OPPPs share the common characteristics of disinfectant resistance and growth in biofilms in water distribution systems or premise plumbing. Thus, they share a number of habitats with humans (e.g., showers) that can lead to exposure and infection. The frequency of OPPP-infected individuals is rising and will likely continue to rise as the number of at-risk individuals is increasing. Improved reporting of OPPP disease and increased understanding of the genetic, physiologic, and structural characteristics governing the persistence and growth of OPPPs in drinking water distribution systems and premise plumbing is needed. Conclusions Because broadly effective community-level engineering interventions for the control of OPPPs have yet to be identified, and because the number of at-risk individuals will continue to rise, it is likely that OPPP-related infections will continue to increase. However, it is possible that individuals can take measures (e.g., raise hot water heater temperatures and filter water) to reduce home exposures. Citation Falkinham JO III, Hilborn ED, Arduino MJ, Pruden A, Edwards MA. 2015. Epidemiology and ecology of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens: Legionella pneumophila, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Environ Health Perspect 123:749–758; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408692 PMID:25793551

  19. Laboratory Modelling of Volcano Plumbing Systems: a review

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Galland, Olivier; Holohan, Eoghan P.; van Wyk de Vries, Benjamin; Burchardt, Steffi

    2015-04-01

    Earth scientists have, since the XIX century, tried to replicate or model geological processes in controlled laboratory experiments. In particular, laboratory modelling has been used study the development of volcanic plumbing systems, which sets the stage for volcanic eruptions. Volcanic plumbing systems involve complex processes that act at length scales of microns to thousands of kilometres and at time scales from milliseconds to billions of years, and laboratory models appear very suitable to address them. This contribution reviews laboratory models dedicated to study the dynamics of volcano plumbing systems (Galland et al., Accepted). The foundation of laboratory models is the choice of relevant model materials, both for rock and magma. We outline a broad range of suitable model materials used in the literature. These materials exhibit very diverse rheological behaviours, so their careful choice is a crucial first step for the proper experiment design. The second step is model scaling, which successively calls upon: (1) the principle of dimensional analysis, and (2) the principle of similarity. The dimensional analysis aims to identify the dimensionless physical parameters that govern the underlying processes. The principle of similarity states that "a laboratory model is equivalent to his geological analogue if the dimensionless parameters identified in the dimensional analysis are identical, even if the values of the governing dimensional parameters differ greatly" (Barenblatt, 2003). The application of these two steps ensures a solid understanding and geological relevance of the laboratory models. In addition, this procedure shows that laboratory models are not designed to exactly mimic a given geological system, but to understand underlying generic processes, either individually or in combination, and to identify or demonstrate physical laws that govern these processes. From this perspective, we review the numerous applications of laboratory models to understand the distinct key features of volcanic plumbing systems: dykes, cone sheets, sills, laccoliths, caldera-related structures, ground deformation, magma/fault interactions, and explosive vents. Barenblatt, G.I., 2003. Scaling. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Galland, O., Holohan, E.P., van Wyk de Vries, B., Burchardt, S., Accepted. Laboratory modelling of volcanic plumbing systems: A review, in: Breitkreuz, C., Rocchi, S. (Eds.), Laccoliths, sills and dykes: Physical geology of shallow level magmatic systems. Springer.

  20. Impact of Water Chemistry, Pipe Material and Stagnation on the Building Plumbing Microbiome.

    PubMed

    Ji, Pan; Parks, Jeffrey; Edwards, Marc A; Pruden, Amy

    2015-01-01

    A unique microbiome establishes in the portion of the potable water distribution system within homes and other buildings (i.e., building plumbing). To examine its composition and the factors that shape it, standardized cold water plumbing rigs were deployed at the treatment plant and in the distribution system of five water utilities across the U.S. Three pipe materials (copper with lead solder, CPVC with brass fittings or copper/lead combined pipe) were compared, with 8 hour flush cycles of 10 minutes to simulate typical daily use patterns. High throughput Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was employed to profile and compare the resident bulk water bacteria and archaea. The utility, location of the pipe rig, pipe material and stagnation all had a significant influence on the plumbing microbiome composition, but the utility source water and treatment practices were dominant factors. Examination of 21 water chemistry parameters suggested that the total chlorine concentration, pH, P, SO42- and Mg were associated with the most of the variation in bulk water microbiome composition. Disinfectant type exerted a notably low-magnitude impact on microbiome composition. At two utilities using the same source water, slight differences in treatment approaches were associated with differences in rare taxa in samples. For genera containing opportunistic pathogens, Utility C samples (highest pH of 9-10) had the highest frequency of detection for Legionella spp. and lowest relative abundance of Mycobacterium spp. Data were examined across utilities to identify a true universal core, special core, and peripheral organisms to deepen insight into the physical and chemical factors that shape the building plumbing microbiome.

  1. Impact of Water Chemistry, Pipe Material and Stagnation on the Building Plumbing Microbiome

    PubMed Central

    Ji, Pan; Parks, Jeffrey; Edwards, Marc A.; Pruden, Amy

    2015-01-01

    A unique microbiome establishes in the portion of the potable water distribution system within homes and other buildings (i.e., building plumbing). To examine its composition and the factors that shape it, standardized cold water plumbing rigs were deployed at the treatment plant and in the distribution system of five water utilities across the U.S. Three pipe materials (copper with lead solder, CPVC with brass fittings or copper/lead combined pipe) were compared, with 8 hour flush cycles of 10 minutes to simulate typical daily use patterns. High throughput Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was employed to profile and compare the resident bulk water bacteria and archaea. The utility, location of the pipe rig, pipe material and stagnation all had a significant influence on the plumbing microbiome composition, but the utility source water and treatment practices were dominant factors. Examination of 21 water chemistry parameters suggested that the total chlorine concentration, pH, P, SO4 2- and Mg were associated with the most of the variation in bulk water microbiome composition. Disinfectant type exerted a notably low-magnitude impact on microbiome composition. At two utilities using the same source water, slight differences in treatment approaches were associated with differences in rare taxa in samples. For genera containing opportunistic pathogens, Utility C samples (highest pH of 9–10) had the highest frequency of detection for Legionella spp. and lowest relative abundance of Mycobacterium spp. Data were examined across utilities to identify a true universal core, special core, and peripheral organisms to deepen insight into the physical and chemical factors that shape the building plumbing microbiome. PMID:26495985

  2. Coded aperture imaging with uniformly redundant arrays

    DOEpatents

    Fenimore, Edward E.; Cannon, Thomas M.

    1980-01-01

    A system utilizing uniformly redundant arrays to image non-focusable radiation. The uniformly redundant array is used in conjunction with a balanced correlation technique to provide a system with no artifacts such that virtually limitless signal-to-noise ratio is obtained with high transmission characteristics. Additionally, the array is mosaicked to reduce required detector size over conventional array detectors.

  3. Coded aperture imaging with uniformly redundant arrays

    DOEpatents

    Fenimore, Edward E.; Cannon, Thomas M.

    1982-01-01

    A system utilizing uniformly redundant arrays to image non-focusable radiation. The uniformly redundant array is used in conjunction with a balanced correlation technique to provide a system with no artifacts such that virtually limitless signal-to-noise ratio is obtained with high transmission characteristics. Additionally, the array is mosaicked to reduce required detector size over conventional array detectors.

  4. Constraints of texture and composition of clinopyroxene phenocrysts of Holocene volcanic rocks on a magmatic plumbing system beneath Tengchong, SW China

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hu, Jun-Hao; Song, Xie-Yan; He, Hai-Long; Zheng, Wen-Qin; Yu, Song-Yue; Chen, Lie-Meng; Lai, Chun-Kit

    2018-04-01

    Understanding processes of magma replenishment in a magma plumbing system is essential to predict eruption potential of a dormant volcano. In this study, we present new petrologic and thermobarometric data for youngest lava flows from the Holocene Heikongshan volcano in the Tengchong area, SW China. Clinopyroxene phenocrysts from the trachytic lava flows display various textural/compositional zoning styles (i.e., normal, reverse and oscillatory). Such zoning patterns are indicative of an open magmatic plumbing system with multiphase magma replenishment and mixing, which were likely a key drive of the volcanic eruptions. Thermobarometric calculations of these zoned clinopyroxene phenocrysts yield crystallization pressures of 3.8-7.1 kbar (peak at 4.5-7.0 kbar), corresponding to a magma chamber at depths of 14-21 km. The calculated depths are consistent with the large low-resistivity body at 12-30 km beneath the Heikongshan volcano, implying that the magmatic plumbing system may still be active. Recent earthquakes in the Tengchong area suggest that the regional strike-slip faulting are still active, and may trigger future volcanic eruptions if the magma chamber(s) beneath the Tengchong volcanic field is disturbed, in spite of the volcanic quiescence since 1609 CE.

  5. Michigan Energy and Cost Savings for New Single- and Multifamily Homes: 2012 IECC as Compared to the Michigan Uniform Energy Code

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lucas, Robert G.; Taylor, Zachary T.; Mendon, Vrushali V.

    2012-07-03

    The 2012 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) yields positive benefits for Michigan homeowners. Moving to the 2012 IECC from the Michigan Uniform Energy Code is cost-effective over a 30-year life cycle. On average, Michigan homeowners will save $10,081 with the 2012 IECC. Each year, the reduction to energy bills will significantly exceed increased mortgage costs. After accounting for up-front costs and additional costs financed in the mortgage, homeowners should see net positive cash flows (i.e., cumulative savings exceeding cumulative cash outlays) in 1 year for the 2012 IECC. Average annual energy savings are $604 for the 2012 IECC.

  6. Deep crustal melt plumbing of Bárðarbunga volcano, Iceland

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hudson, T. S.; White, R. S.; Greenfield, T.; Ágústsdóttir, T.; Brisbourne, A.; Green, R. G.

    2017-09-01

    Understanding magmatic plumbing within the Earth's crust is important for understanding volcanic systems and improving eruption forecasting. We discuss magma plumbing under Bárðarbunga volcano, Iceland, over a 4 year period encompassing the largest Icelandic eruption in 230 years. Microseismicity extends through the usually ductile region of the Earth's crust, from 7 to 22 km depth in a subvertical column. Moment tensor solutions for an example earthquake exhibits opening tensile crack behavior. This is consistent with the deep (>7 km) seismicity being caused by the movement of melt in the normally aseismic crust. The seismically inferred melt path from the mantle source is offset laterally from the center of the Bárðarbunga caldera by 12 km, rather than lying directly beneath it. It is likely that an aseismic melt feed also exists directly beneath the caldera and is aseismic due to elevated temperatures and pervasive partial melt under the caldera.

  7. Re-plumbing in a Mediterranean sponge.

    PubMed

    Mendola, D; van den Boogaart, J G M; van Leeuwen, J L; Wijffels, R H

    2007-12-22

    Observations are reported for Dysidea avara sponges where once functioning oscula (outlets) are converted through internal re-plumbing into functioning oversized ostia (OSO; inlets). Flow tank studies employed high-speed photography and particle tracking of laser-illuminated 0.5-6.0 microm diameter glass beads to trace particles streaming into OSO. A fluorescein dye/glass bead uptake experiment showed that an oversized ostium was connected through internal structures to the lone osculum. Beginning 30 s after uptake and continuing over a 20 min period, dye streamed from the osculum, but no beads emerged. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that beads were deposited only on the inhalant side of particle filtering choanocyte chambers and not on the exhalant side, suggesting that internal re-plumbing had occurred. Functioning OSO were also found on freshly collected specimens in the field, making it highly unlikely that formation of OSO was only an artefact of sponges being held in a laboratory tank.

  8. Environmental Lead Pollution in an Urban Soft-water Area

    PubMed Central

    Beattie, A. D.; Moore, M. R.; Devenay, W. T.; Miller, A. R.; Goldberg, A.

    1972-01-01

    An investigation has been reported on the clinical and metabolic effects of lead acquired by soft domestic water from lead plumbing systems in 23 Glasgow households. The lead content of water from cold taps was up to 18 times the upper acceptable limit and was proportional to the amount of lead in the plumbing system. The blood lead of 71 inhabitants of these houses showed a significant positive correlation with water lead content. Delta-aminolaevulic acid dehydrase activity, an extremely sensitive indicator of lead exposure, showed a significant negative correlation with water-lead content. Atmospheric lead was within acceptable limits in all but one house and no significant correlation could be found with biochemical measurements. A small number of clinical abnormalities were found but could not be directly attributed to lead toxicity. The results of the study underline the possible danger to health of lead plumbing systems in soft-water regions. PMID:5031207

  9. Methylobacterium spp. as an indicator for the presence or absence of Mycobacterium spp.

    PubMed

    Falkinham, Joseph O; Williams, Myra D; Kwait, Rebecca; Lande, Leah

    2016-06-01

    A published survey of bacteria in showerhead biofilm samples revealed that Methylobacterium spp. and Mycobacterium spp. seldom coexisted in biofilms. To confirm that information, biofilm samples were collected from household plumbing of Mycobacterium avium patients and Methylobacterium spp. and M. avium numbers were measured by direct colony counts. The results demonstrated that if Methylobacterium spp. were present, Mycobacterium spp. were absent, and the opposite. The data demonstrate that microbial populations in biofilms can influence the presence or absence of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens and, thereby, increase the range of strategies to reduce exposure to waterborne pathogens. Finally, by assessing for the visual presence of methylobacteria as pink pigmentation on showers and shower curtains, homeowners and managers of hospitals and other buildings can quickly determine whether a premise plumbing biofilm sample has mycobacteria with a high degree of assurance. Copyright © 2016 Asian African Society for Mycobacteriology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. LiDAR observations of an Earth magmatic plumbing system as an analog for Venus and Mars distributed volcanism

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Richardson, Jacob; Connor, Charles; Malservisi, Rocco; Bleacher, Jacob; Connor, Laura

    2014-05-01

    Clusters of tens to thousands of small volcanoes (diameters generally <30 km) are common features on the surface of Mars, Venus, and the Earth. These clusters may be described as distributed-style volcanism. Better characterizing the magmatic plumbing system of these clusters can constrain magma ascent processes as well as the regional magma production budget and heat flux beneath each cluster. Unfortunately, directly observing the plumbing systems of volcano clusters on Mars and Venus eludes our current geologic abilities. Because erosion exposes such systems at the Earth's surface, a better understanding of magmatic processes and migration can be achieved via field analysis. The terrestrial plumbing system of an eroded volcanic field may be a valuable planetary analog for Venus and Mars clusters. The magmatic plumbing system of a Pliocene-aged monogenetic volcanic field, emplaced at 0.8 km depth, is currently exposed as a sill and dike swarm in the San Rafael Desert of Central Utah, USA. The mafic bodies in this region intruded into Mesozoic sedimentary units and now make up the most erosion resistant units as sills, dikes, and plug-like conduits. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) can identify volcanic units (sills, dikes, and conduits) at high resolution, both geomorphologically and with near infrared return intensity values. Two Terrestrial LiDAR Surveys and an Airborne LiDAR Survey have been carried out over the San Rafael volcanic swarm, producing a three dimensional point cloud over approximately 36 sq. km. From the point clouds of these surveys, 1-meter DEMs are produced and volcanic intrusions have been mapped. Here we present reconstructions of the volcanic instrusions of the San Rafael Swarm. We create this reconstruction by extrapolating mapped intrustions from the LiDAR surveys into a 3D space around the current surface. We compare the estimated intrusive volume to the estimated conduit density and estimates of extrusive volume at volcano clusters of similar density. The extrapolated reconstruction and conduit mapping provide a first-order estimate of the final intrustive/extrusive volume ratio for the now eroded volcanic field. Earth, Venus and Mars clusters are compared using Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) , which objectively compares cluster area, complexity, and vent density per sq. km. We show that Martian clusters are less dense than Venus clusters, which in turn are less dense than those on Earth. KDE and previous models of intrusive morphology for Mars and Venus are here used to calibrate the San Rafael plumbing system model to clusters on the two planets. The results from the calibrated Mars and Venus plumbing system models can be compared to previous estimates of magma budget and intrusive/extrusive ratios on Venus and Mars.

  11. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  12. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  13. 12 CFR 160.120 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...: the applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co.); the Uniform Customs...

  14. Health information management: an introduction to disease classification and coding.

    PubMed

    Mony, Prem Kumar; Nagaraj, C

    2007-01-01

    Morbidity and mortality data constitute an important component of a health information system and their coding enables uniform data collation and analysis as well as meaningful comparisons between regions or countries. Strengthening the recording and reporting systems for health monitoring is a basic requirement for an efficient health information management system. Increased advocacy for and awareness of a uniform coding system together with adequate capacity building of physicians, coders and other allied health and information technology personnel would pave the way for a valid and reliable health information management system in India. The core requirements for the implementation of disease coding are: (i) support from national/institutional health administrators, (ii) widespread availability of the ICD-10 material for morbidity and mortality coding; (iii) enhanced human and financial resources; and (iv) optimal use of informatics. We describe the methodology of a disease classification and codification system as also its applications for developing and maintaining an effective health information management system for India.

  15. Near Zone: Basic scattering code user's manual with space station applications

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Marhefka, R. J.; Silvestro, J. W.

    1989-01-01

    The Electromagnetic Code - Basic Scattering Code, Version 3, is a user oriented computer code to analyze near and far zone patterns of antennas in the presence of scattering structures, to provide coupling between antennas in a complex environment, and to determine radiation hazard calculations at UHF and above. The analysis is based on uniform asymptotic techniques formulated in terms of the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD). Complicated structures can be simulated by arbitrarily oriented flat plates and an infinite ground plane that can be perfectly conducting or dielectric. Also, perfectly conducting finite elliptic cylinder, elliptic cone frustum sections, and finite composite ellipsoids can be used to model the superstructure of a ship, the body of a truck, and airplane, a satellite, etc. This manual gives special consideration to space station modeling applications. This is a user manual designed to give an overall view of the operation of the computer code, to instruct a user in how to model structures, and to show the validity of the code by comparing various computed results against measured and alternative calculations such as method of moments whenever available.

  16. Assessment of DoD Voting Assistance Programs for Calendar Year 2015

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-03-31

    Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) (Title 52, United States Code...Chapter 203) provides the legal basis for absentee voting requirements for Federal offices. It requires that each state permit absent Uniformed...Services voters and overseas voters to use absentee registration procedures to vote by absentee ballot in general, special, primary, and runoff elections

  17. The cleaning method selected for new PEX pipe installation can affect short-term drinking water quality.

    PubMed

    Kelley, Keven M; Stenson, Alexandra C; Cooley, Racheal; Dey, Rajarashi; Whelton, Andrew J

    2015-12-01

    The influence of four different cleaning methods used for newly installed polyethylene (PEX) pipes on chemical and odor quality was determined. Bench-scale testing of two PEX (type b) pipe brands showed that the California Plumbing Code PEX installation method does not maximize total organic carbon (TOC) removal. TOC concentration and threshold odor number values significantly varied between two pipe brands. Different cleaning methods impacted carbon release, odor, as well the level of drinking water odorant ethyl tert-butyl ether. Both pipes caused odor values up to eight times greater than the US federal drinking water odor limit. Unique to this project was that organic chemicals released by PEX pipe were affected by pipe brand, fill/empty cycle frequency, and the pipe cleaning method selected by the installer.

  18. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  19. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  20. 12 CFR 390.267 - Letters of credit and other independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West Publishing Co., 1/800/328-4880); the Uniform...

  1. Large Eddy Simulation of wind turbine wakes: detailed comparisons of two codes focusing on effects of numerics and subgrid modeling

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martínez-Tossas, Luis A.; Churchfield, Matthew J.; Meneveau, Charles

    2015-06-01

    In this work we report on results from a detailed comparative numerical study from two Large Eddy Simulation (LES) codes using the Actuator Line Model (ALM). The study focuses on prediction of wind turbine wakes and their breakdown when subject to uniform inflow. Previous studies have shown relative insensitivity to subgrid modeling in the context of a finite-volume code. The present study uses the low dissipation pseudo-spectral LES code from Johns Hopkins University (LESGO) and the second-order, finite-volume OpenFOAMcode (SOWFA) from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. When subject to uniform inflow, the loads on the blades are found to be unaffected by subgrid models or numerics, as expected. The turbulence in the wake and the location of transition to a turbulent state are affected by the subgrid-scale model and the numerics.

  2. Large Eddy Simulation of Wind Turbine Wakes. Detailed Comparisons of Two Codes Focusing on Effects of Numerics and Subgrid Modeling

    DOE PAGES

    Martinez-Tossas, Luis A.; Churchfield, Matthew J.; Meneveau, Charles

    2015-06-18

    In this work we report on results from a detailed comparative numerical study from two Large Eddy Simulation (LES) codes using the Actuator Line Model (ALM). The study focuses on prediction of wind turbine wakes and their breakdown when subject to uniform inflow. Previous studies have shown relative insensitivity to subgrid modeling in the context of a finite-volume code. The present study uses the low dissipation pseudo-spectral LES code from Johns Hopkins University (LESGO) and the second-order, finite-volume OpenFOAMcode (SOWFA) from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. When subject to uniform inflow, the loads on the blades are found to bemore » unaffected by subgrid models or numerics, as expected. The turbulence in the wake and the location of transition to a turbulent state are affected by the subgrid-scale model and the numerics.« less

  3. Environmental Assessment for Replace Family Housing Phase IV at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2003-08-15

    effects of hard water and corrosion, resulting in severe constriction and pipe leakage, and plumbing fixtures are worn and discolored and require... piping and plumbing fixtures, electrical wiring and lighting fixtures, cabinets, and finish work. All of the room layouts would remain the same since...Falls. The USFWS has classified the Missouri River as a Wild and Scenic River from the confluence with the Teton River, which is 50 miles northeast and

  4. Plumbing and Environmental Support Specialties AFSCs 552X5/566X1.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1980-05-01

    c . Missile Water Section Personnel (N=32, GRP362) II. CHEYENNE MOUNTAIN SANITATION SPECIALISTS (N=5, GRP227) III. WATER TREATMENT PERSONNEL (N=36...Managers (N711, GRP600) b. Plumbing Section Supervisors (N=31, GRP407) c . Sanitation Superintendents (N=27, GRP325) d. Water Plant and Swimming Pool... C -> ~ I,. OCCUPATIONAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM -U! F OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT CENTER ~ AIR TRAINING COMMAND RAN DOLPH AFB TEXAt 78148 80 616 2 6: TABLE OF

  5. [Identification of Systemic Contaminations with Legionella Spec. in Drinking Water Plumbing Systems: Sampling Strategies and Corresponding Parameters].

    PubMed

    Völker, S; Schreiber, C; Müller, H; Zacharias, N; Kistemann, T

    2017-05-01

    After the amendment of the Drinking Water Ordinance in 2011, the requirements for the hygienic-microbiological monitoring of drinking water installations have increased significantly. In the BMBF-funded project "Biofilm Management" (2010-2014), we examined the extent to which established sampling strategies in practice can uncover drinking water plumbing systems systemically colonized with Legionella. Moreover, we investigated additional parameters that might be suitable for detecting systemic contaminations. We subjected the drinking water plumbing systems of 8 buildings with known microbial contamination (Legionella) to an intensive hygienic-microbiological sampling with high spatial and temporal resolution. A total of 626 drinking hot water samples were analyzed with classical culture-based methods. In addition, comprehensive hygienic observations were conducted in each building and qualitative interviews with operators and users were applied. Collected tap-specific parameters were quantitatively analyzed by means of sensitivity and accuracy calculations. The systemic presence of Legionella in drinking water plumbing systems has a high spatial and temporal variability. Established sampling strategies were only partially suitable to detect long-term Legionella contaminations in practice. In particular, the sampling of hot water at the calorifier and circulation re-entrance showed little significance in terms of contamination events. To detect the systemic presence of Legionella,the parameters stagnation (qualitatively assessed) and temperature (compliance with the 5K-rule) showed better results. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  6. Virtual design and construction of plumbing systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Filho, João Bosco P. Dantas; Angelim, Bruno Maciel; Guedes, Joana Pimentel; de Castro, Marcelo Augusto Farias; Neto, José de Paula Barros

    2016-12-01

    Traditionally, the design coordination process is carried out by overlaying and comparing 2D drawings made by different project participants. Detecting information errors from a composite drawing is especially challenging and error prone. This procedure usually leaves many design errors undetected until construction begins, and typically lead to rework. Correcting conflict issues, which were not identified during design and coordination phase, reduces the overall productivity for everyone involved in the construction process. The identification of construction issues in the field generate Request for Information (RFIs) that is one of delays causes. The application of Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) tools to the coordination processes can bring significant value to architecture, structure, and mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) designs in terms of a reduced number of errors undetected and requests for information. This paper is focused on evaluating requests for information (RFI) associated with water/sanitary facilities of a BIM model. Thus, it is expected to add improvements of water/sanitary facility designs, as well as to assist the virtual construction team to notice and identify design problems. This is an exploratory and descriptive research. A qualitative methodology is used. This study adopts RFI's classification in six analyzed categories: correction, omission, validation of information, modification, divergence of information and verification. The results demonstrate VDC's contribution improving the plumbing system designs. Recommendations are suggested to identify and avoid these RFI types in plumbing system design process or during virtual construction.

  7. Magma plumbing for the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption, Iceland

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Geiger, Harri; Mattsson, Tobias; Deegan, Frances M.; Troll, Valentin R.; Burchardt, Steffi; Gudmundsson, Ólafur; Tryggvason, Ari; Krumbholz, Michael; Harris, Chris

    2016-08-01

    The 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption on Iceland was located within the Askja fissure swarm but was accompanied by caldera subsidence in the Bárðarbunga central volcano 45 km to the southwest. Geophysical monitoring of the eruption identified a seismic swarm that migrated from Bárðarbunga to the Holuhraun eruption site over the course of two weeks. In order to better understand this lateral connection between Bárðarbunga and Holuhraun, we present mineral textures and compositions, mineral-melt-equilibrium calculations, whole rock and trace element data, and oxygen isotope ratios for selected Holuhraun samples. The Holuhraun lavas are compositionally similar to recorded historical eruptions from the Bárðarbunga volcanic system but are distinct from the historical eruption products of the nearby Askja system. Thermobarometry calculations indicate a polybaric magma plumbing system for the Holuhraun eruption, wherein clinopyroxene and plagioclase crystallized at average depths of ˜17 km and ˜5 km, respectively. Crystal resorption textures and oxygen isotope variations imply that this multilevel plumbing system facilitated magma mixing and assimilation of low-δ18O Icelandic crust prior to eruption. In conjunction with the existing geophysical evidence for lateral migration, our results support a model of initial vertical magma ascent within the Bárðarbunga plumbing system followed by lateral transport of aggregated magma batches within the upper crust to the Holuhraun eruption site.

  8. Rural School District Dress Code Implementation: Perceptions of Stakeholders after First Year

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wright, Krystal M.

    2012-01-01

    Schools are continuously searching for solutions to solve truancy, academic, behavioral, safety, and climate issues. One of the latest trends in education is requiring students to adhere to dress codes as a solution to these issues. Dress codes can range from slightly restrictive clothing to the requiring of a uniform. Many school district…

  9. Bit-Wise Arithmetic Coding For Compression Of Data

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kiely, Aaron

    1996-01-01

    Bit-wise arithmetic coding is data-compression scheme intended especially for use with uniformly quantized data from source with Gaussian, Laplacian, or similar probability distribution function. Code words of fixed length, and bits treated as being independent. Scheme serves as means of progressive transmission or of overcoming buffer-overflow or rate constraint limitations sometimes arising when data compression used.

  10. Derivative plumbing: redesigning washrooms, bodies, and trans affects in ds+r's Brasserie.

    PubMed

    Crawford, Lucas Cassidy

    2014-01-01

    diller scofidio + renfro's Brasserie restaurant sets the scene for this article's overarching question: what are the stakes of absorbing "the washroom" into our affective habits as trans people? This article uses architectural theory to show that some hygienic models of transgender-such as "original plumbing"-are less about explaining our genders to ourselves and more about (1) communicating our "fuckability" to (presumably non-trans) others and (2) codifying subtle and often problematic beliefs about the relationship between architecture and the body.

  11. 10. Photographic copy of engineering drawing showing the plumbing layout ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    10. Photographic copy of engineering drawing showing the plumbing layout of Test Stand 'C' Cv Cell, vacuum line, and scrubber-condenser as erected in 1977-78. JPL drawing by VTN Consolidated, Inc. Engineers, Architects, Planners, 2301 Campus Drive, Irvine, California 92664: 'JPL-ETS E-18 (C-Stand Modifications) Flow Diagram,' sheet M-2 (JPL sheet number E18/41-0), September 1, 1977. - Jet Propulsion Laboratory Edwards Facility, Test Stand C, Edwards Air Force Base, Boron, Kern County, CA

  12. A new irradiation method with a neutron filter for silicon neutron transmutation doping at the Japan research reactor no. 3 (JRR-3).

    PubMed

    Komeda, Masao; Kawasaki, Kozo; Obara, Toru

    2013-04-01

    We studied a new silicon irradiation holder with a neutron filter designed to make the vertical neutron flux profile uniform. Since an irradiation holder has to be made of a low activation material, we applied aluminum blended with B4C as the holder material. Irradiation methods to achieve uniform flux with a filter are discussed using Monte-Carlo calculation code MVP. Validation of the use of the MVP code for the holder's analyses is also discussed via characteristic experiments. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Coded aperture imaging with self-supporting uniformly redundant arrays

    DOEpatents

    Fenimore, Edward E.

    1983-01-01

    A self-supporting uniformly redundant array pattern for coded aperture imaging. The present invention utilizes holes which are an integer times smaller in each direction than holes in conventional URA patterns. A balance correlation function is generated where holes are represented by 1's, nonholes are represented by -1's, and supporting area is represented by 0's. The self-supporting array can be used for low energy applications where substrates would greatly reduce throughput. The balance correlation response function for the self-supporting array pattern provides an accurate representation of the source of nonfocusable radiation.

  14. Linking magma transport structures at Kīlauea volcano

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Wech, Aaron G.; Thelen, Weston A.

    2015-01-01

    Identifying magma pathways is important for understanding and interpreting volcanic signals. At Kīlauea volcano, seismicity illuminates subsurface plumbing, but the broad spectrum of seismic phenomena hampers event identification. Discrete, long-period events (LPs) dominate the shallow (5-10 km) plumbing, and deep (40+ km) tremor has been observed offshore. However, our inability to routinely identify these events limits their utility in tracking ascending magma. Using envelope cross-correlation, we systematically catalog non-earthquake seismicity between 2008-2014. We find the LPs and deep tremor are spatially distinct, separated by the 15-25 km deep, horizontal mantle fault zone (MFZ). Our search corroborates previous observations, but we find broader-band (0.5-20 Hz) tremor comprising collocated earthquakes and reinterpret the deep tremor as earthquake swarms in a volume surrounding and responding to magma intruding from the mantle plume beneath the MFZ. We propose the overlying MFZ promotes lateral magma transport, linking this deep intrusion with Kīlauea’s shallow magma plumbing.

  15. Effectiveness of Devices to Monitor Biofouling and Metals Deposition on Plumbing Materials Exposed to a Full-Scale Drinking Water Distribution System

    PubMed Central

    Garbin, Scott; Wylie, Jason; Krishna, K. C. Bal

    2017-01-01

    A Modified Robbins Device (MRD) was installed in a full-scale water distribution system to investigate biofouling and metal depositions on concrete, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and stainless steel surfaces. Bulk water monitoring and a KIWA monitor (with glass media) were used to offline monitor biofilm development on pipe wall surfaces. Results indicated that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and metal concentrations on coupons increased with time. However, bacterial diversities decreased. There was a positive correlation between increase of ATP and metal deposition on pipe surfaces of stainless steel and HDPE and no correlation was observed on concrete and glass surfaces. The shared bacterial diversity between bulk water and MRD was less than 20% and the diversity shared between the MRD and KIWA monitor was only 10%. The bacterial diversity on biofilm of plumbing material of MRD however, did not show a significant difference suggesting a lack of influence from plumbing material during early stage of biofilm development. PMID:28060947

  16. 32 CFR 242a.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... PUBLIC MEETING PROCEDURES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES... of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as specified in Title 10, U.S. Code 2113... civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) The Secretary of...

  17. 32 CFR 242a.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... PUBLIC MEETING PROCEDURES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES... of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as specified in Title 10, U.S. Code 2113... civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) The Secretary of...

  18. 32 CFR 242a.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PUBLIC MEETING PROCEDURES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES... of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as specified in Title 10, U.S. Code 2113... civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) The Secretary of...

  19. 32 CFR 242a.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... PUBLIC MEETING PROCEDURES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES... of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as specified in Title 10, U.S. Code 2113... civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) The Secretary of...

  20. 32 CFR 242a.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... PUBLIC MEETING PROCEDURES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS, UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES... of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences as specified in Title 10, U.S. Code 2113... civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; (2) The Secretary of...

  1. The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-03-08

    Order Code RS20764 Updated March 8, 2007 The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in...register and vote absentee in federal elections under the provisions of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) of 1986. The law was...enacted to improve absentee registration and voting for this group of voters and to consolidate existing laws. Since 1942, several federal laws have

  2. The pedestrian in the transportation system : proposed traffic safety legislation.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1981-01-01

    The purposes of this project were to review and evaluate Virginia's traffic laws related to pedestrians, compare provisions of the Code of Virginia with those of the statutes of other states and the Uniform Vehicle Code, and, if appropriate, propose ...

  3. From initiation to termination: a petrostratigraphic tour of the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krans, S. R.; Rooney, T. O.; Kappelman, J.; Yirgu, G.; Ayalew, D.

    2018-05-01

    Continental flood basalts (CFBs), thought to preserve the magmatic record of an impinging mantle plume head, offer spatial and temporal insights into melt generation processes in large igneous provinces (LIPs). Despite the utility of CFBs in probing mantle plume composition, these basalts typically erupt fractionated compositions, suggestive of significant residence time in the continental lithosphere. The location and duration of residence within the lithosphere provide additional insights into the flux of plume-related magmas. The NW Ethiopian plateau offers a well-preserved stratigraphic sequence from flood basalt initiation to termination, and is thus an important target for study of CFBs. This study examines modal observations within a stratigraphic framework and places these observations within the context of the magmatic evolution of the Ethiopian CFB province. Data demonstrate multiple pulses of magma recharge punctuated by brief shut-down events, with initial flows fed by magmas that experienced deeper fractionation (lower crust). Broad changes in modal mineralogy and flow cyclicity are consistent with fluctuating changes in magmatic flux through a complex plumbing system, indicating pulsed magma flux and an overall shallowing of the magmatic plumbing system over time. The composition of plagioclase megacrysts suggests a constant replenishing of new primitive magma recharging the shallow plumbing system during the main phase of volcanism, reaching an apex prior to flood basalt termination. The petrostratigraphic data sets presented in this paper provide new insight into the evolution of a magma plumbing system in a CFB province.

  4. Two mantle sources, two plumbing systems: Tholeiitic and alkaline magmatism of the Maymecha River basin, Siberian flood volcanic province

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Arndt, N.; Chauvel, C.; Czamanske, G.; Fedorenko, V.

    1998-01-01

    Rocks of two distinctly different magma series are found in a ???4000-m-thick sequence of lavas and tuffs in the Maymecha River basin which is part of the Siberian flood-volcanic province. The tholeiites are typical low-Ti continental flood basalts with remarkably restricted, petrologically evolved compositions. They have basaltic MgO contents, moderate concentrations of incompatible trace elements, moderate fractionation of incompatible from compatible elements, distinct negative Ta(Nb) anomalies, and ??Nd values of 0 to + 2. The primary magmas were derived from a relatively shallow mantle source, and evolved in large crustal magma chambers where they acquired their relatively uniform compositions and became contaminated with continental crust. An alkaline series, in contrast, contains a wide range of rock types, from meymechite and picrite to trachytes, with a wide range of compositions (MgO from 0.7 to 38 wt%, SiO2 from 40 to 69 wt%, Ce from 14 to 320 ppm), high concentrations of incompatible elements and extreme fractionation of incompatible from compatible elements (Al2O3/TiO2 ??? 1; Sm/Yb up to 11). These rocks lack Ta(Nb) anomalies and have a broad range of ??Nd values, from -2 to +5. The parental magmas are believed to have formed by low-degree melting at extreme mantle depths (>200 km). They bypassed the large crustal magma chambers and ascended rapidly to the surface, a consequence, perhaps, of high volatile contents in the primary magmas. The tholeiitic series dominates the lower part of the sequence and the alkaline series the upper part; at the interface, the two types are interlayered. The succession thus provides evidence of a radical change in the site of mantle melting, and the simultaneous operation of two very different crustal plumbing systems, during the evolution of this flood-volcanic province. ?? Springer-Verlag 1998.

  5. Supra-acetabular line is better than supra-iliac line for coronal balance referencing-a study of perioperative whole spine X-rays in degenerative lumbar scoliosis and ankylosing spondylitis patients.

    PubMed

    Hey, Hwee Weng Dennis; Kim, Cheung-Kue; Lee, Won-Gyu; Juh, Hyung-Suk; Kim, Ki-Tack

    2017-12-01

    The aim of spinal deformity correction is to restore the spine's functional alignment by balancing it in both the sagittal and coronal planes. Regardless of posture, the ideal coronal profile is straight, and therefore readily assessable. This study compares two radiological methods to determine which better predicts postoperative standing coronal balance. We conducted a single-center, radiographic comparative study between 2011 and 2015. A total of 199 patients with a mean age of 55.1 years were studied. Ninety patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) and 109 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were treated with posterior surgery during this period. Baseline clinical and radiographic parameters (sagittal and coronal) were recorded. Comparison was performed between the new supra-acetabular line (central sacral vertical line [CSVL1]) and conventional supra-iliac line (CSVL2) perpendicular methods of coronal balance assessment. These methods were also compared with the gold standard standing C7 plumb line. Each patient underwent standardized operative procedures and had perioperative spine X-rays obtained for assessment of spinal balance. Adjusted multivariate analysis was used to determine predictors of coronal balance. Significant differences in baseline characteristics (age, gender, and radiographic parameters) were found between patients with DLS and AS. CSVL1, CSVL2, and C7 plumb line differed in all the perioperative measurements. These three radiological methods showed a mean right coronal imbalance for both diagnoses in all pre-, intra-, and postoperative radiographs. The magnitude of imbalance was the greatest for CSVL2 followed by CSVL1 and subsequently the C7 plumb line. A larger discrepancy between CSVL and C7 plumb line measurements intraoperatively than those postoperatively suggests a postural effect on these parameters, which is greater for CSVL2. Multivariate analysis identified that in DLS, the preoperative C7 plumb line was predictive of its postoperative value. CSVL1, but not CSVL2, was predictive of the postoperative C7 plumb line in patients with AS. The supra-acetabular line (CSVL1) is better, although not ideal, as compared with the supra-iliac line (CSVL2) in determining coronal balance. Because CSVL1 still cannot be relied on with a high predictive value, it is imperative that future studies continue to identify better intraoperative markers for achieving coronal balance. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Thermal-chemical Mantle Convection Models With Adaptive Mesh Refinement

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Leng, W.; Zhong, S.

    2008-12-01

    In numerical modeling of mantle convection, resolution is often crucial for resolving small-scale features. New techniques, adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), allow local mesh refinement wherever high resolution is needed, while leaving other regions with relatively low resolution. Both computational efficiency for large- scale simulation and accuracy for small-scale features can thus be achieved with AMR. Based on the octree data structure [Tu et al. 2005], we implement the AMR techniques into the 2-D mantle convection models. For pure thermal convection models, benchmark tests show that our code can achieve high accuracy with relatively small number of elements both for isoviscous cases (i.e. 7492 AMR elements v.s. 65536 uniform elements) and for temperature-dependent viscosity cases (i.e. 14620 AMR elements v.s. 65536 uniform elements). We further implement tracer-method into the models for simulating thermal-chemical convection. By appropriately adding and removing tracers according to the refinement of the meshes, our code successfully reproduces the benchmark results in van Keken et al. [1997] with much fewer elements and tracers compared with uniform-mesh models (i.e. 7552 AMR elements v.s. 16384 uniform elements, and ~83000 tracers v.s. ~410000 tracers). The boundaries of the chemical piles in our AMR code can be easily refined to the scales of a few kilometers for the Earth's mantle and the tracers are concentrated near the chemical boundaries to precisely trace the evolvement of the boundaries. It is thus very suitable for our AMR code to study the thermal-chemical convection problems which need high resolution to resolve the evolvement of chemical boundaries, such as the entrainment problems [Sleep, 1988].

  7. Dress Codes. Legal Brief.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Zirkel, Perry A.

    2000-01-01

    As illustrated by two recent decisions, the courts in the past decade have demarcated wide boundaries for school officials considering dress codes, whether in the form of selective prohibitions or required uniforms. Administrators must warn the community, provide legitimate justification and reasonable clarity, and comply with state law. (MLH)

  8. Scanners, optical character readers, Cyrillic alphabet and Russian translations

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Johnson, Gordon G.

    1995-01-01

    The writing of code for capture, in a uniform format, of bit maps of words and characters from scanner PICT files is presented. The coding of Dynamic Pattern Matched for the identification of the characters, words and sentences in preparation for translation is discussed.

  9. Uniforms: Are They a Good Fit?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boutelle, Marsha

    2008-01-01

    In an era where some parents seem unwilling or unable to draw the "clothes" line with their children, where pop culture influences kids' clothing choices as never before, and school safety--including gang violence--is at the top of everyone's minds, school uniforms and dress codes can play a significant role. What that role should be,…

  10. 77 FR 58359 - TRICARE, Formerly Known as the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-20

    ... Medical Program of the Uniformed Services; Calendar Year 2013 TRICARE Young Adult Program Premium Update... Young Adult Premiums for Calendar Year 2013. SUMMARY: This notice provides the updated TRICARE Young... to implement the TRICARE Young Adult (TYA) program as required by Title 10, United States Code...

  11. 3 CFR 13593 - Executive Order 13593 of December 13, 2011. 2011 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... United States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

  12. 3 CFR 13643 - Executive Order 13643 of May 15, 2013. 2013 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

  13. 3 CFR 13552 - Executive Order 13552 of August 31, 2010. 2010 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... States of America, including chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. 801-946), and in order to prescribe amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United...

  14. Research on effect of emission uniformity on X-band relativistic backward oscillator using conformal PIC code

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Chen, Zaigao

    2016-07-15

    Explosive emission cathodes (EECs) are adopted in relativistic backward wave oscillators (RBWOs) to generate intense relativistic electron beam. The emission uniformity of the EEC can render saturation of the power generation unstable and the output mode impure. However, the direct measurement of the plasma parameters on the cathode surface is quite difficult and there are very few related numerical study reports about this issue. In this paper, a self-developed three-dimensional conformal fully electromagnetic particle in cell code is used to study the effect of emission uniformity on the X-band RBWO; the electron explosive emission model and the field emission modelmore » are both implemented in the same cathode surface, and the local field enhancement factor is also considered in the field emission model. The RBWO with a random nonuniform EEC is thoroughly studied using this code; the simulation results reveal that when the area ratio of cathode surface for electron explosive emission is 80%, the output power is unstable and the output mode is impure. When the annular EEC does not emit electron in the angle range of 30°, the RBWO can also operate normally.« less

  15. Life and Death of a Flood Basalt: Evolution of a Magma Plumbing System in the Ethiopian Low-Ti Flood Basalt Province

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Krans, S. R.; Rooney, T. O.; Kappelman, J. W.; Yirgu, G.; Ayalew, D.

    2017-12-01

    Continental flood basalt provinces (CFBPs), which are thought to preserve the magmatic record of an impinging mantle plume head, offer spatial and temporal insight into melt generation processes in Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). Despite the utility of CFBPs in probing the composition of mantle plumes, these basalts typically erupt fractionated compositions, suggestive of significant residence time in the continental lithosphere. The location and duration of this residence within the continental lithosphere provides additional insights into the flux of plume-related magmas. The NW Ethiopian plateau offers a well preserved stratigraphic section from flood basalt initiation to termination, and is thus an important target for study of CFBPs. We examine petrographic and whole rock geochemical variation within a stratigraphic framework and place these observations within the context of the magmatic evolution of the Ethiopian CFBP. We observe multiple pulses of magma recharge punctuated by brief shut-down events and an overall shallowing of the magmatic plumbing system over time. Initial flows are fed by magmas that have experienced deeper fractionation (clinopyroxene dominated and lower CaO/Al2O3 for a given MgO value), likely near the crust-mantle boundary. Subsequent flows are fed by magmas that have experienced shallower fractionation (plagioclase dominated and higher CaO/Al2O3 for a given MgO value) in addition to deeper fractionated magmas. Broad changes in flow thickness and modal mineralogy are consistent with fluctuating changes in magmatic flux through a complex plumbing system and indicate pulsed magma flux and an overall shallowing of the magmatic plumbing system over time. Pulses of less differentiated magmas (MgO > 8 wt%) and high-An composition of plagioclase megacrysts (labradorite to bytownite) suggest a constant replenishing of new primitive magma recharging the shallow plumbing system during the main phase of flood volcanism, though the magnitude of flux changes, reaching an apex prior to flood basalt termination. The origin of these pulses remains enigmatic and may relate to heterogeneities in plume composition, upwelling rate, or mantle potential temperature. The results of this study provide first order modeling constraints for future modeling of plume-lithosphere interactions.

  16. The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) Guide. Volume II.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1998-06-01

    Deployment Guide JA 274 Uniformed Services Former Spouses’ Protection Act - Outline and References JA 275 Model Tax Assistance Program JA 276 Preventive...uniformed services. (b) It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Government should be a model employer in carrying out the provisions of this...Under CSRS .-Section 8351(b) of title 5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: A-29 (11) In applying section 8432b to

  17. Shift in the Microbial Ecology of a Hospital Hot Water System following the Introduction of an On-Site Monochloramine Disinfection System

    PubMed Central

    Baron, Julianne L.; Vikram, Amit; Duda, Scott; Stout, Janet E.; Bibby, Kyle

    2014-01-01

    Drinking water distribution systems, including premise plumbing, contain a diverse microbiological community that may include opportunistic pathogens. On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital’s hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. There was an immediate shift towards decreased relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria, and increased relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria. Following treatment, microbial populations grouped by sampling location rather than sampling time. Over the course of treatment the relative abundance of certain genera containing opportunistic pathogens and genera containing denitrifying bacteria increased. The results demonstrate the driving influence of supplemental disinfection on premise plumbing microbial ecology and suggest the value of further investigation into the overall effects of premise plumbing disinfection strategies on microbial ecology and not solely specific target microorganisms. PMID:25033448

  18. Shift in the microbial ecology of a hospital hot water system following the introduction of an on-site monochloramine disinfection system.

    PubMed

    Baron, Julianne L; Vikram, Amit; Duda, Scott; Stout, Janet E; Bibby, Kyle

    2014-01-01

    Drinking water distribution systems, including premise plumbing, contain a diverse microbiological community that may include opportunistic pathogens. On-site supplemental disinfection systems have been proposed as a control method for opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing. The majority of on-site disinfection systems to date have been installed in hospitals due to the high concentration of opportunistic pathogen susceptible occupants. The installation of on-site supplemental disinfection systems in hospitals allows for evaluation of the impact of on-site disinfection systems on drinking water system microbial ecology prior to widespread application. This study evaluated the impact of supplemental monochloramine on the microbial ecology of a hospital's hot water system. Samples were taken three months and immediately prior to monochloramine treatment and monthly for the first six months of treatment, and all samples were subjected to high throughput Illumina 16S rRNA region sequencing. The microbial community composition of monochloramine treated samples was dramatically different than the baseline months. There was an immediate shift towards decreased relative abundance of Betaproteobacteria, and increased relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Actinobacteria. Following treatment, microbial populations grouped by sampling location rather than sampling time. Over the course of treatment the relative abundance of certain genera containing opportunistic pathogens and genera containing denitrifying bacteria increased. The results demonstrate the driving influence of supplemental disinfection on premise plumbing microbial ecology and suggest the value of further investigation into the overall effects of premise plumbing disinfection strategies on microbial ecology and not solely specific target microorganisms.

  19. An in-premise model for Legionella exposure during showering events.

    PubMed

    Schoen, Mary E; Ashbolt, Nicholas J

    2011-11-15

    An exposure model was constructed to predict the critical Legionella densities in an engineered water system that result in infection from inhalation of aerosols containing the pathogen while showering. The model predicted the Legionella densities in the shower air, water and in-premise plumbing biofilm that might result in a deposited dose of Legionella in the alveolar region of the lungs associated with infection for a routine showering event. Processes modeled included the detachment of biofilm-associated Legionella from the in-premise plumbing biofilm during a showering event, the partitioning of the pathogen from the shower water to the air, and the inhalation and deposition of particles in the lungs. The range of predicted critical Legionella densities in the air and water was compared to the available literature. The predictions were generally within the limited set of observations for air and water, with the exception of Legionella density within in-premise plumbing biofilms, for which there remains a lack of observations for comparison. Sensitivity analysis of the predicted results to possible changes in the uncertain input parameters identified the target deposited dose associated with infections, the pathogen air-water partitioning coefficient, and the quantity of detached biofilm from in-premise pluming surfaces as important parameters for additional data collection. In addition, the critical density of free-living protozoan hosts in the biofilm required to propagate the infectious Legionella was estimated. Together, this evidence can help to identify critical conditions that might lead to infection derived from pathogens within the biofilms of any plumbing system from which humans may be exposed to aerosols. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  20. Highly accurate calculation of rotating neutron stars

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ansorg, M.; Kleinwächter, A.; Meinel, R.

    2002-01-01

    A new spectral code for constructing general-relativistic models of rapidly rotating stars with an unprecedented accuracy is presented. As a first application, we reexamine uniformly rotating homogeneous stars and compare our results with those obtained by several previous codes. Moreover, representative relativistic examples corresponding to highly flattened rotating bodies are given.

  1. Shallow plumbing systems inferred from spatial analysis of pockmark arrays

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Maia, A.; Cartwright, J. A.; Andersen, E.

    2016-12-01

    This study describes and analyses an extraordinary array of pockmarks at the modern seabed of the Lower Congo Basin (offshore Angola), in order to understand the fluid migration routes and shallow plumbing system of the area. The 3D seismic visualization of feeding conduits (pipes) allowed the identification of the source interval for the fluids expelled during pockmark formation. Spatial statistics are used to show the relationship between the underlying (polarised) polygonal fault (PPFs) patterns and seabed pockmarks distributions. Our results show PPFs control the linear arrangement of pockmarks and feeder pipes along fault strike, but faults do not act as conduits. Spatial statistics also revealed pockmark occurrence is not considered to be random, especially at short distances to nearest neighbours (<200m) where anti-clustering distributions suggest the presence of an exclusion zone around each pockmark in which no other pockmark will form. The results of this study are relevant for the understanding of shallow fluid plumbing systems in offshore settings, with implications on our current knowledge of overall fluid flow systems in hydrocarbon-rich continental margins.

  2. The influence of the chemical composition of drinking water on cuprosolvency by biofilm bacteria.

    PubMed

    Critchley, M M; Cromar, N J; McClure, N C; Fallowfield, H J

    2003-01-01

    This study investigated the influence of water chemistry on copper solvation (cuprosolvency) by pure culture biofilms of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from copper plumbing. Heterotrophic bacteria isolated from copper plumbing biofilms including Acidovorax delafieldii, Flavobacterium sp., Corynebacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were used in laboratory coupon experiments to assess their potential for cuprosolvency. Sterile copper coupons were exposed to pure cultures of bacteria to allow biofilm formation and suspended in drinking waters with different chemical compositions. Sterile coupons not exposed to bacteria were used as controls. After 5 days of incubation, copper release and biofilm accumulation was quantified. The results demonstrated that cuprosolvency in the control experiments was influenced by water pH, total organic carbon (TOC) and conductivity. Cuprosolvency in the presence of biofilms correlated with the chemical composition of the water supplies particularly pH, Langeliers Index, chloride, alkalinity, TOC and soluble phosphate concentrations. The results suggest water quality may influence cuprosolvency by biofilms present within copper plumbing pipes. The potential for water chemistry to influence cuprosolvency by biofilms may contribute to the sporadic nature of copper corrosion problems in distribution systems.

  3. The relationship between forward head posture and temporomandibular disorders.

    PubMed

    Lee, W Y; Okeson, J P; Lindroth, J

    1995-01-01

    This study investigated the relationship between forward head posture and temporomandibular disorder symptoms. Thirty-three temporomandibular disorder patients with predominant complaints of masticatory muscle pain were compared with an age- and gender-matched control group. Head position was measured from photographs taken with a plumb line drawn from the ceiling to the lateral malleolus of the ankle and with a horizontal plane that was perpendicular to the plumb line and that passed through the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra. The distances from the plumb line to the ear, to the seventh vertebra, and to the shoulder were measured. Two angles were also measured: (1) ear-seventh cervical vertebra-horizontal plane and (2) eye-ear-seventh cervical vertebra. The only measurement that revealed a statistically significant difference was angle ear-seventh cervical vertebra-horizontal plane. This angle was smaller in the patients with temporomandibular disorders than in the control subjects. In other words, when evaluating the ear position with respect to the seventh cervical vertebra, the head was positioned more forward in the group with temporomandibular disorders than in the control group (P < .05).

  4. Dress Codes Blues: An Exploration of Urban Students' Reactions to a Public High School Uniform Policy

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    DaCosta, Kneia

    2006-01-01

    This qualitative investigation explores the responses of 22 U.S. urban public high school students when confronted with their newly imposed school uniform policy. Specifically, the study assessed students' appraisals of the policy along with compliance and academic performance. Guided by ecological human development perspectives and grounded in…

  5. Hexagonal Uniformly Redundant Arrays (HURAs) for scintillator based coded aperture neutron imaging

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gamage, K.A.A.; Zhou, Q.

    2015-07-01

    A series of Monte Carlo simulations have been conducted, making use of the EJ-426 neutron scintillator detector, to investigate the potential of using hexagonal uniformly redundant arrays (HURAs) for scintillator based coded aperture neutron imaging. This type of scintillator material has a low sensitivity to gamma rays, therefore, is of particular use in a system with a source that emits both neutrons and gamma rays. The simulations used an AmBe source, neutron images have been produced using different coded-aperture materials (boron- 10, cadmium-113 and gadolinium-157) and location error has also been estimated. In each case the neutron image clearly showsmore » the location of the source with a relatively small location error. Neutron images with high resolution can be easily used to identify and locate nuclear materials precisely in nuclear security and nuclear decommissioning applications. (authors)« less

  6. Temporal variations in volumetric magma eruption rates of Quaternary volcanoes in Japan

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yamamoto, Takahiro; Kudo, Takashi; Isizuka, Osamu

    2018-04-01

    Long-term evaluations of hazard and risk related to volcanoes rely on extrapolations from volcano histories, including the uniformity of their eruption rates. We calculated volumetric magma eruption rates, compiled from quantitative eruption histories of 29 Japanese Quaternary volcanoes, and analyzed them with respect to durations spanning 101-105 years. Calculated eruption rates vary greatly (101-10-4 km3 dense-rock equivalent/1000 years) between individual volcanoes. Although large basaltic stratovolcanoes tend to have high eruption rates and relatively constant repose intervals, these cases are not representative of the various types of volcanoes in Japan. At many Japanese volcanoes, eruption rates are not constant through time, but increase, decrease, or fluctuate. Therefore, it is important to predict whether eruption rates will increase or decrease for long-term risk assessment. Several temporal co-variations of eruption rate and magmatic evolution suggest that there are connections between them. In some cases, magma supply rates increased in response to changing magma-generation processes. On the other hand, stable plumbing systems without marked changes in magma composition show decreasing eruption rates through time.[Figure not available: see fulltext.

  7. Earthquakes-Rattling the Earth's Plumbing System

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sneed, Michelle; Galloway, Devin L.; Cunningham, William L.

    2003-01-01

    Hydrogeologic responses to earthquakes have been known for decades, and have occurred both close to, and thousands of miles from earthquake epicenters. Water wells have become turbid, dry or begun flowing, discharge of springs and ground water to streams has increased and new springs have formed, and well and surface-water quality have become degraded as a result of earthquakes. Earthquakes affect our Earth’s intricate plumbing system—whether you live near the notoriously active San Andreas Fault in California, or far from active faults in Florida, an earthquake near or far can affect you and the water resources you depend on.

  8. Design and construction of a 2D metal organic framework with multiple cavities: a nonregular net with a paracyclophane that codes for multiply fused nodes.

    PubMed

    Papaefstathiou, Giannis S; Friscić, Tomislav; MacGillivray, Leonard R

    2005-10-19

    A metal organic framework with two different nodes (circle and square) and a structure related to one of the 20 known 2-uniform nets has been constructed using an organic building unit that codes for multiply fused nodes.

  9. Non-Uniform Cathode Emission Studies of a MIG Gun

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Marchewka, C. D.; Shapiro, M. A.; Sirigiri, J. R.; Temkin, R. J.

    2004-11-01

    We present the initial results of the modeling of the effect of emission non-uniformity in 96 kV, 40 A Magnetron Injection Gun (MIG) of a 1.5 MW 110 GHz gyrotron using a 3D gun simulation code. The azimuthal emission nonuniformity can lead to increased mode competition and an overall decreased efficiency of the device [1]. The electron beam is modeled from the cathode to a downstream position where the velocity spread saturates using the AMAZE 3D suite of codes. After bench marking the results of the 3D code with 2D codes such as TRAK2D and EGUN, the emitter was modified to simulate asymmetric emission from the cathode to gain an understanding into the effects of inhomogeneous beam current density on the velocity spread and pitch factor of the electron beam. [1] G. S. Nusinovich, A.N. Vlasov, M. Botton, T. M. Antonsen, Jr., S. Cauffman, K. Felch, ``Effect of the azimuthal inhomogeneity of electron emission on gyrotron operation,'' Phys. Plasmas, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 3473-3479, 2001

  10. Numerical studies of the use of thin high-Z layers for reducing laser imprint in direct-drive inertial-fusion targets

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bates, Jason; Schmitt, Andrew; Karasik, Max; Obenschain, Steve

    2012-10-01

    Using the FAST code, we present numerical studies of the effect of thin metallic layers with high atomic number (high-Z) on the hydrodynamics of directly-driven inertial-confinement-fusion (ICF) targets. Previous experimental work on the NIKE Laser Facility at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory demonstrated that the use of high-Z layers may be efficacious in reducing laser non-uniformities imprinted on the target during the start-up phase of the implosion. Such a reduction is highly desirable in a direct-drive ICF scenario because laser non-uniformities seed hydrodynamic instabilities that can amplify during the implosion process, prevent uniform compression and spoil high gain. One of the main objectives of the present work is to assess the utility of high-Z layers for achieving greater laser uniformity in polar-drive target designs planned for the National Ignition Facility. To address this problem, new numerical routines have recently been incorporated in the FAST code, including an improved radiation-transfer package and a three-dimensional ray-tracing algorithm. We will discuss these topics, and present initial simulation results for high-Z planar-target experiments planned on the NIKE Laser Facility later this year.

  11. Prevalence of Infection-Competent Serogroup 6 Legionella pneumophila within Premise Plumbing in Southeast Michigan

    PubMed Central

    Byrne, Brenda G.; McColm, Sarah; McElmurry, Shawn P.; Sobeck, Joanne; Sadler, Rick; Love, Nancy G.

    2018-01-01

    ABSTRACT Coinciding with major changes to its municipal water system, Flint, MI, endured Legionnaires’ disease outbreaks in 2014 and 2015. By sampling premise plumbing in Flint in the fall of 2016, we found that 12% of homes harbored legionellae, a frequency similar to that in residences in neighboring areas. To evaluate the genetic diversity of Legionella pneumophila in Southeast Michigan, we determined the sequence type (ST) and serogroup (SG) of the 18 residential isolates from Flint and Detroit, MI, and the 33 clinical isolates submitted by hospitals in three area counties in 2013 to 2016. Common to one environmental and four clinical samples were strains of L. pneumophila SG1 and ST1, the most prevalent ST worldwide. Among the Flint premise plumbing isolates, 14 of 16 strains were of ST367 and ST461, two closely related SG6 strain types isolated previously from patients and corresponding environmental samples. Each of the representative SG1 clinical strains and SG6 environmental isolates from Southeast Michigan infected and survived within macrophage cultures at least as well as a virulent laboratory strain, as judged by microscopy and by enumerating CFU. Likewise, 72 h after infection, the yield of viable-cell counts increased >100-fold for each of the representative SG1 clinical isolates, Flint premise plumbing SG6 ST367 and -461 isolates, and two Detroit residential isolates. We verified by immunostaining that SG1-specific antibody does not cross-react with the SG6 L. pneumophila environmental strains. Because the widely used urinary antigen diagnostic test does not readily detect non-SG1 L. pneumophila, Legionnaires’ disease caused by SG6 L. pneumophila is likely underreported worldwide. PMID:29437918

  12. Modeling lead concentration in drinking water of residential plumbing pipes and hot water tanks.

    PubMed

    Chowdhury, Shakhawat; Kabir, Fayzul; Mazumder, Mohammad Abu Jafar; Zahir, Md Hasan

    2018-09-01

    Drinking water is a potential source of exposure to lead (Pb), which can pose risk to humans. The regulatory agencies often monitor Pb in water treatment plants (WTP) and/or water distribution systems (WDS). However, people are exposed to tap water inside the house while water may stay in the plumbing premise for several hours prior to reaching the tap. Depending on stagnation period and plumbing premise, concentrations of Pb in tap water can be significantly higher than the WDS leading to higher intake of Pb than the values from WDS or WTP. In this study, concentrations of Pb and water quality parameters were investigated in WDS, plumbing pipe (PP) and hot water tanks (HWT) for 7months. The samples were collected and analyzed on bi-weekly basis for 7 times a day. Several linear, non-linear and neural network models were developed for predicting Pb in PP and HWT. The models were validated using the additional data, which were not used for model development. The concentrations of Pb in PP and HWT were 1-1.17 and 1-1.21 times the Pb in WDS respectively. Concentrations of Pb were higher in summer than winter. The models showed moderate to excellent performance (R 2 =0.85-0.99) in predicting Pb in PP and HWT. The correlation coefficients (r) with the validation data were in the ranges of 0.76-0.90 and 0.97-0.99 for PP and HWT respectively. The models can be used for predicting Pb in tap water, which can assist to better protect the humans. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  13. Influence of copper ions on the viability and cytotoxicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa under conditions relevant to drinking water environments.

    PubMed

    Dwidjosiswojo, Zenyta; Richard, Jessica; Moritz, Miriam M; Dopp, Elke; Flemming, Hans-Curt; Wingender, Jost

    2011-11-01

    Copper plumbing materials can be the source of copper ions in drinking water supplies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of copper ions on the viability and cytotoxicity of the potential pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa that presents a health hazard when occurring in building plumbing systems. In batch experiments, exposure of P. aeruginosa (10(6)cells/mL) for 24h at 20°C to copper-containing drinking water from domestic plumbing systems resulted in a loss of culturability, while total cell numbers determined microscopically did not decrease. Addition of the chelator diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) to copper-containing water prevented the loss of culturability. When suspended in deionized water with added copper sulfate (10 μM), the culturability of P. aeruginosa decreased by more than 6 log units, while total cell counts, the concentration of cells with intact cytoplasmic membranes, determined with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight kit, and the number of cells with intact 16S ribosomal RNA, determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, remained unchanged. When the chelator DDTC was added to copper-stressed bacteria, complete restoration of culturability was observed to occur within 14 d. Copper-stressed bacteria were not cytotoxic towards Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-9) cells, while untreated and resuscitated bacteria caused an almost complete decrease of the concentration of viable CHO-9 cells within 24 h. Thus, copper ions in concentrations relevant to drinking water in plumbing systems seem to induce a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state in P. aeruginosa accompanied by a loss of culturability and cytotoxicity, and VBNC cells can regain both culturability and cytotoxicity, when copper stress is abolished. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

  14. Bit-wise arithmetic coding for data compression

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kiely, A. B.

    1994-01-01

    This article examines the problem of compressing a uniformly quantized independent and identically distributed (IID) source. We present a new compression technique, bit-wise arithmetic coding, that assigns fixed-length codewords to the quantizer output and uses arithmetic coding to compress the codewords, treating the codeword bits as independent. We examine the performance of this method and evaluate the overhead required when used block-adaptively. Simulation results are presented for Gaussian and Laplacian sources. This new technique could be used as the entropy coder in a transform or subband coding system.

  15. Experiences using IAEA Code of practice for radiation sterilization of tissue allografts: Validation and routine control

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hilmy, N.; Febrida, A.; Basril, A.

    2007-11-01

    Problems of tissue allografts in using International Standard (ISO) 11137 for validation of radiation sterilization dose (RSD) are limited and low numbers of uniform samples per production batch, those are products obtained from one donor. Allograft is a graft transplanted between two different individuals of the same species. The minimum number of uniform samples needed for verification dose (VD) experiment at the selected sterility assurance level (SAL) per production batch according to the IAEA Code is 20, i.e., 10 for bio-burden determination and the remaining 10 for sterilization test. Three methods of the IAEA Code have been used for validation of RSD, i.e., method A1 that is a modification of method 1 of ISO 11137:1995, method B (ISO 13409:1996), and method C (AAMI TIR 27:2001). This paper describes VD experiments using uniform products obtained from one cadaver donor, i.e., cancellous bones, demineralized bone powders and amnion grafts from one life donor. Results of the verification dose experiments show that RSD is 15.4 kGy for cancellous and demineralized bone grafts and 19.2 kGy for amnion grafts according to method A1 and 25 kGy according to methods B and C.

  16. Rate-distortion analysis of dead-zone plus uniform threshold scalar quantization and its application--part II: two-pass VBR coding for H.264/AVC.

    PubMed

    Sun, Jun; Duan, Yizhou; Li, Jiangtao; Liu, Jiaying; Guo, Zongming

    2013-01-01

    In the first part of this paper, we derive a source model describing the relationship between the rate, distortion, and quantization steps of the dead-zone plus uniform threshold scalar quantizers with nearly uniform reconstruction quantizers for generalized Gaussian distribution. This source model consists of rate-quantization, distortion-quantization (D-Q), and distortion-rate (D-R) models. In this part, we first rigorously confirm the accuracy of the proposed source model by comparing the calculated results with the coding data of JM 16.0. Efficient parameter estimation strategies are then developed to better employ this source model in our two-pass rate control method for H.264 variable bit rate coding. Based on our D-Q and D-R models, the proposed method is of high stability, low complexity and is easy to implement. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves: 1) average peak signal-to-noise ratio variance of only 0.0658 dB, compared to 1.8758 dB of JM 16.0's method, with an average rate control error of 1.95% and 2) significant improvement in smoothing the video quality compared with the latest two-pass rate control method.

  17. Recommendations for the classification of HIV associated neuromanifestations in the German DRG system.

    PubMed

    Evers, Stefan; Fiori, W; Brockmeyer, N; Arendt, G; Husstedt, I-W

    2005-09-12

    HIV associated neuromanifestations are of growing importance in the in-patient treatment of HIV infected patients. In Germany, all in-patients have to be coded according to the ICD-10 classification and the German DRG-system. We present recommendations how to code the different primary and secondary neuromanifestations of HIV infection. These recommendations are based on the commentary of the German DRG procedures and are aimed to establish uniform coding of neuromanifestations.

  18. The random energy model in a magnetic field and joint source channel coding

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Merhav, Neri

    2008-09-01

    We demonstrate that there is an intimate relationship between the magnetic properties of Derrida’s random energy model (REM) of spin glasses and the problem of joint source-channel coding in Information Theory. In particular, typical patterns of erroneously decoded messages in the coding problem have “magnetization” properties that are analogous to those of the REM in certain phases, where the non-uniformity of the distribution of the source in the coding problem plays the role of an external magnetic field applied to the REM. We also relate the ensemble performance (random coding exponents) of joint source-channel codes to the free energy of the REM in its different phases.

  19. 17 CFR 269.7 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification Authorization Code (PMAC)—allows a filer, filing agent or training agent to change its Password. [69 FR 22710, Apr... Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and on GPO Access. ...

  20. 17 CFR 249.446 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification Authorization Code (PMAC)—allows a filer, filing agent or training agent to change its Password. [69 FR 22710... Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and on GPO Access. ...

  1. Paradigm of Legal Protection of Computer Software Contracts in the United States: Brief Overview of “Principles of the Law of Software Contracts”

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Furuya, Haruhisa; Hiratsuka, Mitsuyoshi

    This article overviews the historical transition of legal protection of Computer software contracts in the Unite States and presents how it should function under Uniform Commercial Code and its amended Article 2B, Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act, and also recently-approved “Principles of the Law of Software Contracts”.

  2. 45 CFR 33.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., overpayments, penalties, damages, interest, fines and forfeitures (except those arising under the Uniform Code... contributions. Amounts deducted under garnishment orders, including child support garnishment orders, are not...

  3. 45 CFR 33.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., overpayments, penalties, damages, interest, fines and forfeitures (except those arising under the Uniform Code... contributions. Amounts deducted under garnishment orders, including child support garnishment orders, are not...

  4. 45 CFR 33.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., overpayments, penalties, damages, interest, fines and forfeitures (except those arising under the Uniform Code... contributions. Amounts deducted under garnishment orders, including child support garnishment orders, are not...

  5. 45 CFR 33.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., overpayments, penalties, damages, interest, fines and forfeitures (except those arising under the Uniform Code... contributions. Amounts deducted under garnishment orders, including child support garnishment orders, are not...

  6. A COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTS AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES. PART I. UNPOISONED UNIFORM SLAB CORE WITH A PARTIALLY INSERTED HAFNIUM ROD

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Renzi, N.E.; Roseberry, R.J.

    >The experimental measurements and nuclear analysis of a uniformly loaded, unpoisoned slab core with a partially insented hafnium rod are described. Comparisons of experimental data with calculated results of the UFO code and flux synthesis techniques are given. It was concluded that one of the flux synthesis techniques and the UFO code are able to predict flux distributions to within approximately 5% of experiment for most cases. An error of approximately 10% was found in the synthesis technique for a channel near the partially inserted rod. The various calculations were able to predict neutron pulsed shutdowns to only approximately 30%.more » (auth)« less

  7. 32 CFR 552.114 - Violations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... subject to disciplinary actions under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, judicial action as authorized by state or federal law, or administrative action as provided by controlling regulation. ...

  8. An efficient coding theory for a dynamic trajectory predicts non-uniform allocation of entorhinal grid cells to modules.

    PubMed

    Mosheiff, Noga; Agmon, Haggai; Moriel, Avraham; Burak, Yoram

    2017-06-01

    Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex encode the position of an animal in its environment with spatially periodic tuning curves with different periodicities. Recent experiments established that these cells are functionally organized in discrete modules with uniform grid spacing. Here we develop a theory for efficient coding of position, which takes into account the temporal statistics of the animal's motion. The theory predicts a sharp decrease of module population sizes with grid spacing, in agreement with the trend seen in the experimental data. We identify a simple scheme for readout of the grid cell code by neural circuitry, that can match in accuracy the optimal Bayesian decoder. This readout scheme requires persistence over different timescales, depending on the grid cell module. Thus, we propose that the brain may employ an efficient representation of position which takes advantage of the spatiotemporal statistics of the encoded variable, in similarity to the principles that govern early sensory processing.

  9. An efficient coding theory for a dynamic trajectory predicts non-uniform allocation of entorhinal grid cells to modules

    PubMed Central

    Mosheiff, Noga; Agmon, Haggai; Moriel, Avraham

    2017-01-01

    Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex encode the position of an animal in its environment with spatially periodic tuning curves with different periodicities. Recent experiments established that these cells are functionally organized in discrete modules with uniform grid spacing. Here we develop a theory for efficient coding of position, which takes into account the temporal statistics of the animal’s motion. The theory predicts a sharp decrease of module population sizes with grid spacing, in agreement with the trend seen in the experimental data. We identify a simple scheme for readout of the grid cell code by neural circuitry, that can match in accuracy the optimal Bayesian decoder. This readout scheme requires persistence over different timescales, depending on the grid cell module. Thus, we propose that the brain may employ an efficient representation of position which takes advantage of the spatiotemporal statistics of the encoded variable, in similarity to the principles that govern early sensory processing. PMID:28628647

  10. A Very Fast and Angular Momentum Conserving Tree Code

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Marcello, Dominic C., E-mail: dmarce504@gmail.com

    There are many methods used to compute the classical gravitational field in astrophysical simulation codes. With the exception of the typically impractical method of direct computation, none ensure conservation of angular momentum to machine precision. Under uniform time-stepping, the Cartesian fast multipole method of Dehnen (also known as the very fast tree code) conserves linear momentum to machine precision. We show that it is possible to modify this method in a way that conserves both angular and linear momenta.

  11. A Scalable Architecture of a Structured LDPC Decoder

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lee, Jason Kwok-San; Lee, Benjamin; Thorpe, Jeremy; Andrews, Kenneth; Dolinar, Sam; Hamkins, Jon

    2004-01-01

    We present a scalable decoding architecture for a certain class of structured LDPC codes. The codes are designed using a small (n,r) protograph that is replicated Z times to produce a decoding graph for a (Z x n, Z x r) code. Using this architecture, we have implemented a decoder for a (4096,2048) LDPC code on a Xilinx Virtex-II 2000 FPGA, and achieved decoding speeds of 31 Mbps with 10 fixed iterations. The implemented message-passing algorithm uses an optimized 3-bit non-uniform quantizer that operates with 0.2dB implementation loss relative to a floating point decoder.

  12. 17 CFR 249.446 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... log on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification Authorization Code (PMAC)—allows a filer, filing agent or training agent to change its Password. [69 FR 22710... Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at at www.fdsys.gov. ...

  13. 17 CFR 269.7 - Form ID, uniform application for access codes to file on EDGAR.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... on to the EDGAR system, submit filings, and change its CCC. (d) Password Modification Authorization Code (PMAC)—allows a filer, filing agent or training agent to change its Password. [69 FR 22710, Apr... Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at at www.fdsys.gov. ...

  14. Imaging of spatially extended hot spots with coded apertures for intra-operative nuclear medicine applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kaissas, I.; Papadimitropoulos, C.; Potiriadis, C.; Karafasoulis, K.; Loukas, D.; Lambropoulos, C. P.

    2017-01-01

    Coded aperture imaging transcends planar imaging with conventional collimators in efficiency and Field of View (FOV). We present experimental results for the detection of 141 keV and 122 keV γ-photons emitted by uniformly extended 99mTc and 57Co hot-spots along with simulations of uniformly and normally extended 99mTc hot-spots. These results prove that the method can be used for intra-operative imaging of radio-traced sentinel nodes and thyroid remnants. The study is performed using a setup of two gamma cameras, each consisting of a coded-aperture (or mask) of Modified Uniformly Redundant Array (MURA) of rank 19 positioned on top of a CdTe detector. The detector pixel pitch is 350 μm and its active area is 4.4 × 4.4 cm2, while the mask element size is 1.7 mm. The detectable photon energy ranges from 15 keV up to 200 keV with an energy resolution of 3-4 keV FWHM. Triangulation is exploited to estimate the 3D spatial coordinates of the radioactive spots within the system FOV. Two extended sources, with uniform distributed activity (11 and 24 mm in diameter, respectively), positioned at 16 cm from the system and with 3 cm distance between their centers, can be resolved and localized with accuracy better than 5%. The results indicate that the estimated positions of spatially extended sources lay within their volume size and that neighboring sources, even with a low level of radioactivity, such as 30 MBq, can be clearly distinguished with an acquisition time about 3 seconds.

  15. Improve load balancing and coding efficiency of tiles in high efficiency video coding by adaptive tile boundary

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chan, Chia-Hsin; Tu, Chun-Chuan; Tsai, Wen-Jiin

    2017-01-01

    High efficiency video coding (HEVC) not only improves the coding efficiency drastically compared to the well-known H.264/AVC but also introduces coding tools for parallel processing, one of which is tiles. Tile partitioning is allowed to be arbitrary in HEVC, but how to decide tile boundaries remains an open issue. An adaptive tile boundary (ATB) method is proposed to select a better tile partitioning to improve load balancing (ATB-LoadB) and coding efficiency (ATB-Gain) with a unified scheme. Experimental results show that, compared to ordinary uniform-space partitioning, the proposed ATB can save up to 17.65% of encoding times in parallel encoding scenarios and can reduce up to 0.8% of total bit rates for coding efficiency.

  16. Strategy Plan A Methodology to Predict the Uniformity of Double-Shell Tank Waste Slurries Based on Mixing Pump Operation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    J.A. Bamberger; L.M. Liljegren; P.S. Lowery

    This document presents an analysis of the mechanisms influencing mixing within double-shell slurry tanks. A research program to characterize mixing of slurries within tanks has been proposed. The research program presents a combined experimental and computational approach to produce correlations describing the tank slurry concentration profile (and therefore uniformity) as a function of mixer pump operating conditions. The TEMPEST computer code was used to simulate both a full-scale (prototype) and scaled (model) double-shell waste tank to predict flow patterns resulting from a stationary jet centered in the tank. The simulation results were used to evaluate flow patterns in the tankmore » and to determine whether flow patterns are similar between the full-scale prototype and an existing 1/12-scale model tank. The flow patterns were sufficiently similar to recommend conducting scoping experiments at 1/12-scale. Also, TEMPEST modeled velocity profiles of the near-floor jet were compared to experimental measurements of the near-floor jet with good agreement. Reported values of physical properties of double-shell tank slurries were analyzed to evaluate the range of properties appropriate for conducting scaled experiments. One-twelfth scale scoping experiments are recommended to confirm the prioritization of the dimensionless groups (gravitational settling, Froude, and Reynolds numbers) that affect slurry suspension in the tank. Two of the proposed 1/12-scale test conditions were modeled using the TEMPEST computer code to observe the anticipated flow fields. This information will be used to guide selection of sampling probe locations. Additional computer modeling is being conducted to model a particulate laden, rotating jet centered in the tank. The results of this modeling effort will be compared to the scaled experimental data to quantify the agreement between the code and the 1/12-scale experiment. The scoping experiment results will guide selection of parameters to be varied in the follow-on experiments. Data from the follow-on experiments will be used to develop correlations to describe slurry concentration profile as a function of mixing pump operating conditions. This data will also be used to further evaluate the computer model applications. If the agreement between the experimental data and the code predictions is good, the computer code will be recommended for use to predict slurry uniformity in the tanks under various operating conditions. If the agreement between the code predictions and experimental results is not good, the experimental data correlations will be used to predict slurry uniformity in the tanks within the range of correlation applicability.« less

  17. Analysis of the spatial non-uniformity of negative ion production in surface-produced negative ion sources

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fujita, S.; Yamamoto, T.; Yoshida, M.; Onai, M.; Kojima, A.; Hatayama, A.; Kashiwagi, M.

    2017-08-01

    In order to improve the uniformity of the negative ion production, the KEIO-MARC code has been applied to the QST's JT60SA negative ion source in three different magnetic configurations (i) MC-PGMF (Multi-Cusp and PG Magnetic Filter), (ii) TNT-MF (TeNT Magnetic Filter) and (iii) MTNT-MF (Modified TeNT Magnetic Filter). From the results, we have confirmed that the electron rotation inside the negative ion source is an essential element in order to obtain a uniform production of the negative ions. By adding extra tent magnets on the longitudinal sides, the electron rotation has been enhanced, and a uniform production of negative ions has been realized.

  18. Major influence of interobserver reliability on polytrauma identification with the Injury Severity Score (ISS): Time for a centralised coding in trauma registries?

    PubMed

    Maduz, Roman; Kugelmeier, Patrick; Meili, Severin; Döring, Robert; Meier, Christoph; Wahl, Peter

    2017-04-01

    The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and the Injury Severity Score (ISS) find increasingly widespread use to assess trauma burden and to perform interhospital benchmarking through trauma registries. Since 2015, public resource allocation in Switzerland shall even be derived from such data. As every trauma centre is responsible for its own coding and data input, this study aims at evaluating interobserver reliability of AIS and ISS coding. Interobserver reliability of the AIS and ISS is analysed from a cohort of 50 consecutive severely injured patients treated in 2012 at our institution, coded retrospectively by 3 independent and specifically trained observers. Considering a cutoff ISS≥16, only 38/50 patients (76%) were uniformly identified as polytraumatised or not. Increasing the cut off to ≥20, this increased to 41/50 patients (82%). A difference in the AIS of ≥ 1 was present in 261 (16%) of possible codes. Excluding the vast majority of uninjured body regions, uniformly identical AIS severity values were attributed in 67/193 (35%) body regions, or 318/579 (55%) possible observer pairings. Injury severity all too often is neither identified correctly nor consistently when using the AIS. This leads to wrong identification of severely injured patients using the ISS. Improving consistency of coding through centralisation is recommended before scores based on the AIS are to be used for interhospital benchmarking and resource allocation in the treatment of severely injured patients. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  19. WE-AB-204-11: Development of a Nuclear Medicine Dosimetry Module for the GPU-Based Monte Carlo Code ARCHER

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, T; Lin, H; Xu, X

    Purpose: To develop a nuclear medicine dosimetry module for the GPU-based Monte Carlo code ARCHER. Methods: We have developed a nuclear medicine dosimetry module for the fast Monte Carlo code ARCHER. The coupled electron-photon Monte Carlo transport kernel included in ARCHER is built upon the Dose Planning Method code (DPM). The developed module manages the radioactive decay simulation by consecutively tracking several types of radiation on a per disintegration basis using the statistical sampling method. Optimization techniques such as persistent threads and prefetching are studied and implemented. The developed module is verified against the VIDA code, which is based onmore » Geant4 toolkit and has previously been verified against OLINDA/EXM. A voxelized geometry is used in the preliminary test: a sphere made of ICRP soft tissue is surrounded by a box filled with water. Uniform activity distribution of I-131 is assumed in the sphere. Results: The self-absorption dose factors (mGy/MBqs) of the sphere with varying diameters are calculated by ARCHER and VIDA respectively. ARCHER’s result is in agreement with VIDA’s that are obtained from a previous publication. VIDA takes hours of CPU time to finish the computation, while it takes ARCHER 4.31 seconds for the 12.4-cm uniform activity sphere case. For a fairer CPU-GPU comparison, more effort will be made to eliminate the algorithmic differences. Conclusion: The coupled electron-photon Monte Carlo code ARCHER has been extended to radioactive decay simulation for nuclear medicine dosimetry. The developed code exhibits good performance in our preliminary test. The GPU-based Monte Carlo code is developed with grant support from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering through an R01 grant (R01EB015478)« less

  20. 32 CFR 724.803 - The decisional document.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...) Educational level; (xiv) Aptitude test scores; (xv) Incidents of punishment pursuant to Article 15, Uniform Code of Military Justice (including nature and date (YYMMDD) of offense or punishment); (xvi...

  1. 32 CFR 724.803 - The decisional document.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...) Educational level; (xiv) Aptitude test scores; (xv) Incidents of punishment pursuant to Article 15, Uniform Code of Military Justice (including nature and date (YYMMDD) of offense or punishment); (xvi...

  2. 32 CFR 724.803 - The decisional document.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...) Educational level; (xiv) Aptitude test scores; (xv) Incidents of punishment pursuant to Article 15, Uniform Code of Military Justice (including nature and date (YYMMDD) of offense or punishment); (xvi...

  3. 32 CFR 724.803 - The decisional document.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...) Educational level; (xiv) Aptitude test scores; (xv) Incidents of punishment pursuant to Article 15, Uniform Code of Military Justice (including nature and date (YYMMDD) of offense or punishment); (xvi...

  4. Designing divertor targets for uniform power load

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dekeyser, W.; Reiter, D.; Baelmans, M.

    2015-08-01

    Divertor design for next step fusion reactors heavily relies on 2D edge plasma modeling with codes as e.g. B2-EIRENE. While these codes are typically used in a design-by-analysis approach, in previous work we have shown that divertor design can alternatively be posed as a mathematical optimization problem, and solved very efficiently using adjoint methods adapted from computational aerodynamics. This approach has been applied successfully to divertor target shape design for more uniform power load. In this paper, the concept is further extended to include all contributions to the target power load, with particular focus on radiation. In a simplified test problem, we show the potential benefits of fully including the radiation load in the design cycle as compared to only assessing this load in a post-processing step.

  5. Corkscrew Motion of an Electron Beam due to Coherent Variations in Accelerating Potentials

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Ekdahl, Carl August

    2016-09-13

    Corkscrew motion results from the interaction of fluctuations of beam electron energy with accidental magnetic dipoles caused by misalignment of the beam transport solenoids. Corkscrew is a serious concern for high-current linear induction accelerators (LIA). A simple scaling law for corkscrew amplitude derived from a theory based on a constant-energy beam coasting through a uniform magnetic field has often been used to assess LIA vulnerability to this effect. We use a beam dynamics code to verify that this scaling also holds for an accelerated beam in a non-uniform magnetic field, as in a real accelerator. Results of simulations with thismore » code are strikingly similar to measurements on one of the LIAs at Los Alamos National Laboratory.« less

  6. ODMedit: uniform semantic annotation for data integration in medicine based on a public metadata repository.

    PubMed

    Dugas, Martin; Meidt, Alexandra; Neuhaus, Philipp; Storck, Michael; Varghese, Julian

    2016-06-01

    The volume and complexity of patient data - especially in personalised medicine - is steadily increasing, both regarding clinical data and genomic profiles: Typically more than 1,000 items (e.g., laboratory values, vital signs, diagnostic tests etc.) are collected per patient in clinical trials. In oncology hundreds of mutations can potentially be detected for each patient by genomic profiling. Therefore data integration from multiple sources constitutes a key challenge for medical research and healthcare. Semantic annotation of data elements can facilitate to identify matching data elements in different sources and thereby supports data integration. Millions of different annotations are required due to the semantic richness of patient data. These annotations should be uniform, i.e., two matching data elements shall contain the same annotations. However, large terminologies like SNOMED CT or UMLS don't provide uniform coding. It is proposed to develop semantic annotations of medical data elements based on a large-scale public metadata repository. To achieve uniform codes, semantic annotations shall be re-used if a matching data element is available in the metadata repository. A web-based tool called ODMedit ( https://odmeditor.uni-muenster.de/ ) was developed to create data models with uniform semantic annotations. It contains ~800,000 terms with semantic annotations which were derived from ~5,800 models from the portal of medical data models (MDM). The tool was successfully applied to manually annotate 22 forms with 292 data items from CDISC and to update 1,495 data models of the MDM portal. Uniform manual semantic annotation of data models is feasible in principle, but requires a large-scale collaborative effort due to the semantic richness of patient data. A web-based tool for these annotations is available, which is linked to a public metadata repository.

  7. Tetrahedral Hohlraum Visualization and Pointings

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Klare, K. A.; Wallace, J. M.; Drake, D.

    1997-11-01

    In designing experiments for Omega, the tetrahedral hohlraum (a sphere with four holes) can make full use of all 60 beams. There are some complications: the beams must clear the laser entrance hole (LEH), must miss a central capsule, absolutely must not go out the other LEHs, and should distribute in the interior of the hohlraum to maximize the uniformity of irradiation on the capsule while keeping reasonable laser spot sizes. We created a 15-offset coordinate system with which an IDL program computes clearances, writes a file for QuickDraw 3D (QD3D) visualization, and writes input for the viewfactor code RAYNA IV. Visualizing and adjusting the parameters by eye gave more reliable results than computer optimization. QD3D images permitted quick live rotations to determine offsets. The clearances obtained insured safe operation and good physics. The viewfactor code computes the initial irradiation of the hohlraum and capsule or of a uniform hohlraum source with the loss through the four LEHs and shows a high degree of uniformity with both, better for lasers because this deposits more energy near the LEHs to compensate for the holes.

  8. Digital phased array beamforming using single-bit delta-sigma conversion with non-uniform oversampling.

    PubMed

    Kozak, M; Karaman, M

    2001-07-01

    Digital beamforming based on oversampled delta-sigma (delta sigma) analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion can reduce the overall cost, size, and power consumption of phased array front-end processing. The signal resampling involved in dynamic delta sigma beamforming, however, disrupts synchronization between the modulators and demodulator, causing significant degradation in the signal-to-noise ratio. As a solution to this, we have explored a new digital beamforming approach based on non-uniform oversampling delta sigma A/D conversion. Using this approach, the echo signals received by the transducer array are sampled at time instants determined by the beamforming timing and then digitized by single-bit delta sigma A/D conversion prior to the coherent beam summation. The timing information involves a non-uniform sampling scheme employing different clocks at each array channel. The delta sigma coded beamsums obtained by adding the delayed 1-bit coded RF echo signals are then processed through a decimation filter to produce final beamforming outputs. The performance and validity of the proposed beamforming approach are assessed by means of emulations using experimental raw RF data.

  9. Plumbing Fixture for a Microfluidic Cartridge

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Francis, Kevin

    2007-01-01

    A fixture has been devised for making the plumbing connections between a microfluidic device in a replaceable cartridge and an external fluidic system. The fixture includes a 0.25-in. (6.35-mm) thick steel plate, to which the cartridge is fastened by two 10-32 thumb screws. The plate holds one plumbing fitting for the inlet and one for the outlet of the microfluidic device. Each fitting includes a fused-silica tube of 0.006-in. (approx.0.15-mm) inside diameter within a fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP) tube of 0.0155-in. (approx.0.39-mm) inside diameter and 0.062- in. (approx.1.57-mm) outside diameter. The FEP tube is press-fit through the steel plate so that its exposed end is flush with the surface of the plate, and the silica tube protrudes 0.03 in. (approx.0.76 mm) from the plate/FEP-tube-end surface. The cartridge includes a glass cover plate that contains 0.06-mm-wide access ports. When the cartridge is fastened to the steel plate, the silica tubes become inserted through the access ports and into the body of the cartridge, while the ends of the FEP tubes become butted against the glass cover plate. An extremely tight seal is thereby made.

  10. Multi-technique approach to assess the effects of microbial biofilms involved in copper plumbing corrosion.

    PubMed

    Vargas, Ignacio T; Alsina, Marco A; Pavissich, Juan P; Jeria, Gustavo A; Pastén, Pablo A; Walczak, Magdalena; Pizarro, Gonzalo E

    2014-06-01

    Microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) is recognized as an unusual and severe type of corrosion that causes costly failures around the world. A microbial biofilm could enhance the copper release from copper plumbing into the water by forming a reactive interface. The biofilm increases the corrosion rate, the mobility of labile copper from its matrix and the detachment of particles enriched with copper under variable shear stress due to flow conditions. MIC is currently considered as a series of interdependent processes occurring at the metal-liquid interface. The presence of a biofilm results in the following effects: (a) the formation of localized microenvironments with distinct pH, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and redox conditions; (b) sorption and desorption of labile copper bonded to organic compounds under changing water chemistry conditions; (c) change in morphology by deposition of solid corrosion by-products; (d) diffusive transport of reactive chemical species from or towards the metal surface; and (e) detachment of scale particles under flow conditions. Using a multi-technique approach that combines pipe and coupon experiments this paper reviews the effects of microbial biofilms on the corrosion of copper plumbing systems, and proposes an integrated conceptual model for this phenomenon supported by new experimental data. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. Leaf hydraulic capacity in ferns, conifers and angiosperms: impacts on photosynthetic maxima.

    PubMed

    Brodribb, Tim J; Holbrook, N Michele; Zwieniecki, Maciej A; Palma, Beatriz

    2005-03-01

    * The hydraulic plumbing of vascular plant leaves varies considerably between major plant groups both in the spatial organization of veins, as well as their anatomical structure. * Five conifers, three ferns and 12 angiosperm trees were selected from tropical and temperate forests to investigate whether the profound differences in foliar morphology of these groups lead to correspondingly profound differences in leaf hydraulic efficiency. * We found that angiosperm leaves spanned a range of leaf hydraulic conductance from 3.9 to 36 mmol m2 s-1 MPa-1, whereas ferns (5.9-11.4 mmol m-2 s-1 MPa-1) and conifers (1.6-9.0 mmol m-2 s-1 MPa-1) were uniformly less conductive to liquid water. Leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) correlated strongly with stomatal conductance indicating an internal leaf-level regulation of liquid and vapour conductances. Photosynthetic capacity also increased with Kleaf, however, it became saturated at values of Kleaf over 20 mmol m-2 s-1 MPa-1. * The data suggest that vessels in the leaves of the angiosperms studied provide them with the flexibility to produce highly conductive leaves with correspondingly high photosynthetic capacities relative to tracheid-bearing species.

  12. Case study: Fixture water use and drinking water quality in a new residential green building.

    PubMed

    Salehi, Maryam; Abouali, Mohammad; Wang, Mian; Zhou, Zhi; Nejadhashemi, Amir Pouyan; Mitchell, Jade; Caskey, Stephen; Whelton, Andrew J

    2018-03-01

    Residential plumbing is critical for the health and safety of populations worldwide. A case study was conducted to understand fixture water use, drinking water quality and their possible link, in a newly plumbed residential green building. Water use and water quality were monitored at four in-building locations from September 2015 through December 2015. Once the home was fully inhabited average water stagnation periods were shortest at the 2nd floor hot fixture (90 percentile of 0.6-1.2 h). The maximum water stagnation time was 72.0 h. Bacteria and organic carbon levels increased inside the plumbing system compared to the municipal tap water entering the building. A greater amount of bacteria was detected in hot water samples (6-74,002 gene copy number/mL) compared to cold water (2-597 gene copy number/mL). This suggested that hot water plumbing promoted greater microbial growth. The basement fixture brass needle valve may have caused maximum Zn (5.9 mg/L), Fe (4.1 mg/L), and Pb (23 μg/L) levels compared to other fixture water samples (Zn ≤ 2.1 mg/L, Fe ≤ 0.5 mg/L and Pb ≤ 8 μg/L). At the basement fixture, where the least amount of water use events occurred (cold: 60-105, hot: 21-69 event/month) compared to the other fixtures in the building (cold: 145-856, hot: 326-2230 event/month), greater organic carbon, bacteria, and heavy metal levels were detected. Different fixture use patterns resulted in disparate water quality within a single-family home. The greatest drinking water quality changes were detected at the least frequently used fixture. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping With Hard Decision Decoding and Staircase Codes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sheikh, Alireza; Amat, Alexandre Graell i.; Liva, Gianluigi; Steiner, Fabian

    2018-05-01

    We consider probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) as a means of increasing the spectral efficiency of fiber-optic communication systems. In contrast to previous works in the literature, we consider probabilistic shaping with hard decision decoding (HDD). In particular, we apply the PAS recently introduced by B\\"ocherer \\emph{et al.} to a coded modulation (CM) scheme with bit-wise HDD that uses a staircase code as the forward error correction code. We show that the CM scheme with PAS and staircase codes yields significant gains in spectral efficiency with respect to the baseline scheme using a staircase code and a standard constellation with uniformly distributed signal points. Using a single staircase code, the proposed scheme achieves performance within $0.57$--$1.44$ dB of the corresponding achievable information rate for a wide range of spectral efficiencies.

  14. Magma plumbing in the Grímsvötn volcanic system, Iceland: an overview

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Thordarson, T.

    2016-12-01

    The basaltic Grímsvötn volcanic system (GVS) consists of Grímsvötn central volcano (GCV) and an immature fissure swarm extending 70 km to the southwest from GCV. The GCV has the highest eruption frequency of all central volcanos in Iceland, or 7 events per 100 years. In contrast, the GVS fissure swarm has only featured two events in postglacial times, the 1783-4 Laki and the prehistoric Lambavatnsgígar fissure eruptions. These two events account for 25% of the total Holocene magma output from the GVS and 80% of the output in historic time (i.e. last 1100 years). Although GVS magma plumbing has been a topic of research for four decades, its general structure, extent and geometry is still deliberated. Is mantle-derived magma delivered straight up beneath the GCV to an upper crustal magma chamber and then vertically to eruptions at the GCV and laterally to eruption on the GVS fissure swarm? Or does the system feature two levels of crustal storage, one in the upper crust beneath GCV and another at mid-crustal depth? Or is the structure of the GVS plumbing more complex? The data that we have so far and is pertinent to GVS magma plumbing is summarised below: Geophysical measurements imply that shallowest magma storage beneath GCV is at 3-4 km. The Zr and Nb concentrations in the tephra from the 1998 and 2004 GCV plus Laki eruptions show that the parent magmas for each was produced by different degrees of partial melting of a similar mantle source. It also demonstrates transport to the surface via separate pathways and that neither magma can be derived by fractional crystallization from a Laki-like magma. Detailed petrological studies on the Laki tephra and lava indicate polybaric magma evolution within the mid-crust (at 6 to 15 km depth), with further evolution at shallower depths induced either by disequilibrium crystal growth during ascent of magma from the mid-crust storage or a brief residence at 3-6 km depths. The Laki magma contains significant abundances of polymineralic glomerocrysts, signifying that erupted magma interacted with preexisting crystal mushes. These data support the notion of a crustal plumbing system with multiple storage level involving polybaric magma evolution and are inconsistent with the idea that all of the magma erupted within the GVS is delivered from a single upper crustal magma chamber beneath GCV.

  15. SATCOM antenna siting study on a P-3C using the NEC-BSC V3.1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bensman, D.; Marhefka, R. J.

    1990-01-01

    The location of a UHF SATCOM antenna on a P-3C aircraft is studied using the NEC-Basic Scattering Code V3.1 (NEC-BSC3). The NEC-BSC3 is a computer code based on the uniform theory of diffraction. The code is first validated for this application using scale model measurements. In general, the comparisons are good except in 10 degree regions near the nose and tail of the aircraft. Patterns for various antenna locations are analyzed to achieve a prescripted performance.

  16. Fast Exact Search in Hamming Space With Multi-Index Hashing.

    PubMed

    Norouzi, Mohammad; Punjani, Ali; Fleet, David J

    2014-06-01

    There is growing interest in representing image data and feature descriptors using compact binary codes for fast near neighbor search. Although binary codes are motivated by their use as direct indices (addresses) into a hash table, codes longer than 32 bits are not being used as such, as it was thought to be ineffective. We introduce a rigorous way to build multiple hash tables on binary code substrings that enables exact k-nearest neighbor search in Hamming space. The approach is storage efficient and straight-forward to implement. Theoretical analysis shows that the algorithm exhibits sub-linear run-time behavior for uniformly distributed codes. Empirical results show dramatic speedups over a linear scan baseline for datasets of up to one billion codes of 64, 128, or 256 bits.

  17. Glenn Powell | NREL

    Science.gov Websites

    , bearings Construction, project supervision, steel, timber, plumbing, critical climate control Water and wastewater treatment, storage, pumping Purchasing, budgeting, planning Education Yacht 3 Marine Chief

  18. Airborne antenna radiation pattern code user's manual

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Burnside, Walter D.; Kim, Jacob J.; Grandchamp, Brett; Rojas, Roberto G.; Law, Philip

    1985-01-01

    The use of a newly developed computer code to analyze the radiation patterns of antennas mounted on a ellipsoid and in the presence of a set of finite flat plates is described. It is shown how the code allows the user to simulate a wide variety of complex electromagnetic radiation problems using the ellipsoid/plates model. The code has the capacity of calculating radiation patterns around an arbitrary conical cut specified by the user. The organization of the code, definition of input and output data, and numerous practical examples are also presented. The analysis is based on the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD), and most of the computed patterns are compared with experimental results to show the accuracy of this solution.

  19. Weighted SAW reflector gratings for orthogonal frequency coded SAW tags and sensors

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Puccio, Derek (Inventor); Malocha, Donald (Inventor)

    2011-01-01

    Weighted surface acoustic wave reflector gratings for coding identification tags and sensors to enable unique sensor operation and identification for a multi-sensor environment. In an embodiment, the weighted reflectors are variable while in another embodiment the reflector gratings are apodized. The weighting technique allows the designer to decrease reflectively and allows for more chips to be implemented in a device and, consequently, more coding diversity. As a result, more tags and sensors can be implemented using a given bandwidth when compared with uniform reflectors. Use of weighted reflector gratings with OFC makes various phase shifting schemes possible, such as in-phase and quadrature implementations of coded waveforms resulting in reduced device size and increased coding.

  20. Improving adsorption cryocoolers by multi-stage compression and reducing void volume

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bard, S.

    1986-01-01

    It is shown that the performance of gas adsorption cryocoolers is greatly improved by using adsorbents with low void volume within and between individual adsorbent particles (reducing void volumes in plumbing lines), and by compressing the working fluid in more than one stage. Refrigerator specific power requirements and compressor volumetric efficiencies are obtained in terms of adsorbent and plumbing line void volumes and operating pressures for various charcoal adsorbents using an analytical model. Performance optimization curves for 117.5 and 80 K charcoal/nitrogen adsorption cryocoolers are given for both single stage and multistage compressor systems, and compressing the nitrogen in two stages is shown to lower the specific power requirements by 18 percent for the 117.5 K system.

  1. Normative lessons: codes of conduct, self-regulation and the law.

    PubMed

    Parker, Malcolm H

    2010-06-07

    Good medical practice: a code of conduct for doctors in Australia provides uniform standards to be applied in relation to complaints about doctors to the new Medical Board of Australia. The draft Code was criticised for being prescriptive. The final Code employs apparently less authoritative wording than the draft Code, but the implicit obligations it contains are no less prescriptive. Although the draft Code was thought to potentially undermine trust in doctors, and stifle professional judgement in relation to individual patients, its general obligations always allowed for flexibility of application, depending on the circumstances of individual patients. Professional codes may contain some aspirational statements, but they always contain authoritative ones, and they share this feature with legal codes. In successfully diluting the apparent prescriptivity of the draft Code, the profession has lost an opportunity to demonstrate its commitment to the raison d'etre of self-regulation - the protection of patients. Professional codes are not opportunities for reflection, consideration and debate, but are outcomes of these activities.

  2. SEURAT: SPH scheme extended with ultraviolet line radiative transfer

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abe, Makito; Suzuki, Hiroyuki; Hasegawa, Kenji; Semelin, Benoit; Yajima, Hidenobu; Umemura, Masayuki

    2018-05-01

    We present a novel Lyman alpha (Ly α) radiative transfer code, SEURAT (SPH scheme Extended with Ultraviolet line RAdiative Transfer), where line scatterings are solved adaptively with the resolution of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The radiative transfer method implemented in SEURAT is based on a Monte Carlo algorithm in which the scattering and absorption by dust are also incorporated. We perform standard test calculations to verify the validity of the code; (i) emergent spectra from a static uniform sphere, (ii) emergent spectra from an expanding uniform sphere, and (iii) escape fraction from a dusty slab. Thereby, we demonstrate that our code solves the {Ly} α radiative transfer with sufficient accuracy. We emphasize that SEURAT can treat the transfer of {Ly} α photons even in highly complex systems that have significantly inhomogeneous density fields. The high adaptivity of SEURAT is desirable to solve the propagation of {Ly} α photons in the interstellar medium of young star-forming galaxies like {Ly} α emitters (LAEs). Thus, SEURAT provides a powerful tool to model the emergent spectra of {Ly} α emission, which can be compared to the observations of LAEs.

  3. Contractors on Deployed Military Operations: United Kingdom Policy and Doctrine

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2005-09-01

    contractor’s workforce than military personnel, and contractors cannot be disciplined for violations of the Uniform Code of Military Justice.101 Moreover...objectives are met.151 The MoD’s “Defence Agencies” currently employ 60 percent of MoD’s civilian workforce and 11 percent of total uniformed personnel...operations by staff drawn from the contractor’s workforce who are reservist members of the Armed Forces.”177 With these initiatives, MoD assumes it has

  4. Use of a priori statistics to minimize acquisition time for RFI immune spread spectrum systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Holmes, J. K.; Woo, K. T.

    1978-01-01

    The optimum acquisition sweep strategy was determined for a PN code despreader when the a priori probability density function was not uniform. A psuedo noise spread spectrum system was considered which could be utilized in the DSN to combat radio frequency interference. In a sample case, when the a priori probability density function was Gaussian, the acquisition time was reduced by about 41% compared to a uniform sweep approach.

  5. Exposure to Death, Disasters, and Bodies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-06-01

    working as a psychologist in a locp.i school . She was home during that time. I spent a great deal of time thinking ane reading. I went to many AlcohIolics...flE Best Available Copy 4)€ EXPOSURE TO DEATH, DISASTERS, AND BODIES * < I 0< DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY F. EDWARD HEBERT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE UNIFORMED...EDWARD HEBERT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIVERSITY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA, MARYLAND 20814-4799 4 Code A: Unlimited Distribution

  6. Compartment Venting Analyses of Ares I First Stage Systems Tunnel

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wang, Qunzhen; Arner, Stephen

    2009-01-01

    Compartment venting analyses have been performed for the Ares I first stage systems tunnel using both the lumped parameter method and the three-dimensional (31)) transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The main objective of venting analyses is to predict the magnitudes of differential pressures across the skin so the integrity of solid walls can be evaluated and properly designed. The lumped parameter method assumes the gas pressure and temperature inside the systems tunnel are spatially uniform, which is questionable since the tunnel is about 1,700 in. long and 4 in. wide. Therefore, 31) transient CFD simulations using the commercial CFD code FLUENT are performed in order to examine the gas pressure and temperature variations inside the tunnel. It was found that the uniform pressure and temperature assumptions inside the systems tunnel are valid during ascent. During reentry, the uniform pressure assumption is also reasonable but the uniform temperature assumption is not valid. Predicted pressure and temperature inside the systems tunnel using CFD are also compared with those from the lumped parameter method using the NASA code CHCHVENT. In general, the average pressure and temperature inside the systems tunnel from CFD are between the burst and crush results from CHCHVENT during both ascent and reentry. The skin differential pressure and pressure inside the systems tunnel relative to freestream pressure from CHCHVENT as well as velocity vectors and streamlines are also discussed in detail.

  7. 32 CFR 534.1 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Uniform Code of Military Justice, Article 28 (10 U.S.C. 828), and witnesses both in Government employ and... whatever name described, convened in the exercise of military government, martial law, or the laws of war. ...

  8. 45 CFR 153.400 - Reinsurance contribution funds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... section 223(d) of the Code; (vii) A health flexible spending arrangement within the meaning of section 125...) TRICARE and other military health benefits for active and retired uniformed services personnel and their...

  9. 32 CFR 152.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... by the President in Executive Order 12473 that the Manual for Courts-Martial (MCM), United States... to the MCM and proposing legislation to amend the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C...

  10. Improving Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) Reform

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-06-13

    resorting to that means of circumventing the requirements of the code.”); see LAWRENCE J. MORRIS , MILITARY JUSTICE: A GUIDE TO THE ISSUES 134–35 (2010...278Schlueter, supra note 35, at 9. Lawrence J. Morris , a noted military justice scholar and retired Army...periods of great operational stress for the military.” MORRIS , supra note 235, at 122. 279While the UCMJ took effect on May 31, 1951, President

  11. Elastic-plastic analysis of annular plate problems using NASTRAN

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chen, P. C. T.

    1983-01-01

    The plate elements of the NASTRAN code are used to analyze two annular plate problems loaded beyond the elastic limit. The first problem is an elastic-plastic annular plate loaded externally by two concentrated forces. The second problem is stressed radially by uniform internal pressure for which an exact analytical solution is available. A comparison of the two approaches together with an assessment of the NASTRAN code is given.

  12. NASA Uniform Files Index

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1987-01-01

    This handbook is a guide for the use of all personnel engaged in handling NASA files. It is issued in accordance with the regulations of the National Archives and Records Administration, in the Code of Federal Regulations Title 36, Part 1224, Files Management; and the Federal Information Resources Management Regulation, Subpart 201-45.108, Files Management. It is intended to provide a standardized classification and filing scheme to achieve maximum uniformity and ease in maintaining and using agency records. It is a framework for consistent organization of information in an arrangement that will be useful to current and future researchers. The NASA Uniform Files Index coding structure is composed of the subject classification table used for NASA management directives and the subject groups in the NASA scientific and technical information system. It is designed to correlate files throughout NASA and it is anticipated that it may be useful with automated filing systems. It is expected that in the conversion of current files to this arrangement it will be necessary to add tertiary subjects and make further subdivisions under the existing categories. Established primary and secondary subject categories may not be changed arbitrarily. Proposals for additional subject categories of NASA-wide applicability, and suggestions for improvement in this handbook, should be addressed to the Records Program Manager at the pertinent installation who will forward it to the NASA Records Management Office, Code NTR, for approval. This handbook is issued in loose-leaf form and will be revised by page changes.

  13. 24 CFR 3280.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS General § 3280.1 Scope. This standard covers all equipment and installations in the design, construction, transportation, fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing...

  14. 24 CFR 3280.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS General § 3280.1 Scope. This standard covers all equipment and installations in the design, construction, transportation, fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing...

  15. 24 CFR 3280.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS General § 3280.1 Scope. This standard covers all equipment and installations in the design, construction, transportation, fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing...

  16. 24 CFR 3280.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS General § 3280.1 Scope. This standard covers all equipment and installations in the design, construction, transportation, fire safety, plumbing, heat-producing...

  17. Technologies for Legionella Control

    EPA Science Inventory

    Presentation includes a review of new Office of Water document entitled "Technologies for Legionella Control in Premise Plumbing Systems", and discussion on ORD research projects involving Legionella and disinfection.

  18. 48 CFR 246.270-2 - Policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ...— (1) Fire protection; (2) Structural integrity; (3) Electrical systems; (4) Plumbing; (5) Water treatment; (6) Waste disposal; and (7) Telecommunications networks. (c) Existing host nation facilities...

  19. 48 CFR 246.270-2 - Policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ...— (1) Fire protection; (2) Structural integrity; (3) Electrical systems; (4) Plumbing; (5) Water treatment; (6) Waste disposal; and (7) Telecommunications networks. (c) Existing host nation facilities...

  20. 48 CFR 246.270-2 - Policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ...— (1) Fire protection; (2) Structural integrity; (3) Electrical systems; (4) Plumbing; (5) Water treatment; (6) Waste disposal; and (7) Telecommunications networks. (c) Existing host nation facilities...

  1. 48 CFR 246.270-2 - Policy.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ...— (1) Fire protection; (2) Structural integrity; (3) Electrical systems; (4) Plumbing; (5) Water treatment; (6) Waste disposal; and (7) Telecommunications networks. (c) Existing host nation facilities...

  2. Plugging Leaks.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Fitzemeyer, Ted

    2000-01-01

    Explains how routine maintenance can help schools and universities avoid plumbing disasters. Common trouble spots and preventive techniques are discussed, as are tips for making repairs without disrupting school activities. (GR)

  3. [Data coding in the Israeli healthcare system - do choices provide the answers to our system's needs?].

    PubMed

    Zelingher, Julian; Ash, Nachman

    2013-05-01

    The IsraeLi healthcare system has undergone major processes for the adoption of health information technologies (HIT), and enjoys high Levels of utilization in hospital and ambulatory care. Coding is an essential infrastructure component of HIT, and ts purpose is to represent data in a simplified and common format, enhancing its manipulation by digital systems. Proper coding of data enables efficient identification, storage, retrieval and communication of data. UtiLization of uniform coding systems by different organizations enables data interoperability between them, facilitating communication and integrating data elements originating in different information systems from various organizations. Current needs in Israel for heaLth data coding include recording and reporting of diagnoses for hospitalized patients, outpatients and visitors of the Emergency Department, coding of procedures and operations, coding of pathology findings, reporting of discharge diagnoses and causes of death, billing codes, organizational data warehouses and national registries. New national projects for cLinicaL data integration, obligatory reporting of quality indicators and new Ministry of Health (MOH) requirements for HIT necessitate a high Level of interoperability that can be achieved only through the adoption of uniform coding. Additional pressures were introduced by the USA decision to stop the maintenance of the ICD-9-CM codes that are also used by Israeli healthcare, and the adoption of ICD-10-C and ICD-10-PCS as the main coding system for billing purpose. The USA has also mandated utilization of SNOMED-CT as the coding terminology for the ELectronic Health Record problem list, and for reporting quality indicators to the CMS. Hence, the Israeli MOH has recently decided that discharge diagnoses will be reported using ICD-10-CM codes, and SNOMED-CT will be used to code the cLinical information in the EHR. We reviewed the characteristics, strengths and weaknesses of these two coding systems. In summary, the adoption of ICD-10-CM is in line with the USA decision to abandon ICD-9-CM, and the Israeli heaLthcare system could benefit from USA heaLthcare efforts in this direction. The Large content of SNOMED-CT and its sophisticated hierarchical data structure will enable advanced cLinicaL decision support and quality improvement applications.

  4. Security authentication with a three-dimensional optical phase code using random forest classifier: an overview

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Markman, Adam; Carnicer, Artur; Javidi, Bahram

    2017-05-01

    We overview our recent work [1] on utilizing three-dimensional (3D) optical phase codes for object authentication using the random forest classifier. A simple 3D optical phase code (OPC) is generated by combining multiple diffusers and glass slides. This tag is then placed on a quick-response (QR) code, which is a barcode capable of storing information and can be scanned under non-uniform illumination conditions, rotation, and slight degradation. A coherent light source illuminates the OPC and the transmitted light is captured by a CCD to record the unique signature. Feature extraction on the signature is performed and inputted into a pre-trained random-forest classifier for authentication.

  5. Impact of water heater temperature setting and water use frequency on the building plumbing microbiome

    PubMed Central

    Ji, Pan; Rhoads, William J; Edwards, Marc A; Pruden, Amy

    2017-01-01

    Hot water plumbing is an important conduit of microbes into the indoor environment and can increase risk of opportunistic pathogens (for example, Legionella pneumophila). We examined the combined effects of water heater temperature (39, 42, 48, 51 and 58 °C), pipe orientation (upward/downward), and water use frequency (21, 3 and 1 flush per week) on the microbial composition at the tap using a pilot-scale pipe rig. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing indicated that bulk water and corresponding biofilm typically had distinct taxonomic compositions (R2Adonis=0.246, PAdonis=0.001), yet similar predicted functions based on PICRUSt analysis (R2Adonis=0.087, PAdonis=0.001). Although a prior study had identified 51 °C under low water use frequency to enrich Legionella at the tap, here we reveal that 51 °C is also a threshold above which there are marked effects of the combined influences of temperature, pipe orientation, and use frequency on taxonomic and functional composition. A positive association was noted between relative abundances of Legionella and mitochondrial DNA of Vermamoeba, a genus of amoebae that can enhance virulence and facilitate replication of some pathogens. This study takes a step towards intentional control of the plumbing microbiome and highlights the importance of microbial ecology in governing pathogen proliferation. PMID:28282040

  6. Investigation of the prevalence of Legionella species in domestic hot water systems.

    PubMed

    Bates, M N; Maas, E; Martin, T; Harte, D; Grubner, M; Margolin, T

    2000-06-09

    To investigate the prevalence of Legionella spp. in the hot water systems of a representative sample of Wellington domestic residences with electrically heated hot water systems, and to investigate risk factors (eg water temperature, plumbing materials) for such contamination. 100 households with electrically heated hot water systems in the Wellington area were investigated. Samples of hot water from several hot water outlets were collected, and characteristics of the plumbing system were recorded. Water samples and swabs were cultured and further examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct fluorescence antibody (DFA) testing to identify Legionella spp. and serogroups. No Legionella spp. were isolated by culture. PCR tested positive for Legionella in specimens from twelve residences. Six of these were also positive by DFA testing. The only environmental factor found to be associated with the presence of Legionella was recent plumbing work on the hot water system. Five of the twelve PCR-positive residences, and four of the six DFA-confirmed residences had hot water delivery temperatures in excess of 60 degrees C. The results suggest that either Legionellae colonise domestic hot water reticulation systems and/or that the organisms are killed during passage through the hot water tank. Both possibilities may be correct. Further work to characterise the microbial ecology of Legionella-positive hot water distribution systems would be useful, as would the development of improved methods for culturing the organisms from potable water.

  7. Comparative assessment of chlorine, heat, ozone, and UV light for killing Legionella pneumophila within a model plumbing system.

    PubMed Central

    Muraca, P; Stout, J E; Yu, V L

    1987-01-01

    Nosocomial Legionnaires disease can be acquired by exposure to the organism from the hospital water distribution system. As a result, many hospitals have instituted eradication procedures, including hypercholorination and thermal eradication. We compared the efficacy of ozonation, UV light, hyperchlorination, and heat eradication using a model plumbing system constructed of copper piping, brass spigots, Plexiglas reservoir, electric hot water tank, and a pump. Legionella pneumophila was added to the system at 10(7) CFU/ml. Each method was tested under three conditions; (i) nonturbid water at 25 degrees C, (ii) turbid water at 25 degrees C, and (iii) nonturbid water at 43 degrees C. UV light and heat killed L. pneumophila most rapidly and required minimal maintenance. Both UV light and heat (60 degrees C) produced a 5 log kill in less than 1 h. In contrast, both chlorine and ozone required 5 h of exposure to produce a 5 log decrease. Neither turbidity nor the higher temperature of 43 degrees C impaired the efficacy of any of the disinfectant methods. Surprisingly, higher temperature enhanced the disinfecting efficacy of chlorine. However, higher temperature accelerated the decomposition of the chlorine residual such that an additional 120% volume of chlorine was required. All four methods proved efficacious in eradicating L. pneumophila from a model plumbing system. Images PMID:3566272

  8. Residential tap water contamination following the Freedom Industries chemical spill: perceptions, water quality, and health impacts.

    PubMed

    Whelton, Andrew J; McMillan, LaKia; Connell, Matt; Kelley, Keven M; Gill, Jeff P; White, Kevin D; Gupta, Rahul; Dey, Rajarshi; Novy, Caroline

    2015-01-20

    During January 2014, an industrial solvent contaminated West Virginia’s Elk River and 15% of the state population’s tap water. A rapid in-home survey and water testing was conducted 2 weeks following the spill to understand resident perceptions, tap water chemical levels, and premise plumbing flushing effectiveness. Water odors were detected in all 10 homes sampled before and after premise plumbing flushing. Survey and medical data indicated flushing caused adverse health impacts. Bench-scale experiments and physiochemical property predictions showed flushing promoted chemical volatilization, and contaminants did not appreciably sorb into cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe. Flushing reduced tap water 4-methylcyclohexanemethanol (4-MCHM) concentrations within some but not all homes. 4-MCHM was detected at unflushed (<10 to 420 μg/L) and flushed plumbing systems (<10 to 96 μg/L) and sometimes concentrations differed among faucets within each home. All waters contained less 4-MCHM than the 1000 μg/L Centers for Disease Control drinking water limit, but one home exceeded the 120 μg/L drinking water limit established by independent toxicologists. Nearly all households refused to resume water use activities after flushing because of water safety concerns. Science based flushing protocols should be developed to expedite recovery, minimize health impacts, and reduce concentrations in homes when future events occur.

  9. The Influence of Plumbing System Structure on Volcano Dimensions and Topography

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Castruccio, Angelo; Diez, Mikel; Gho, Rayen

    2017-11-01

    Volcano morphology has been traditionally studied from a descriptive point of view, but in this work we took a different more quantitative perspective. Here we used volcano dimensions such as height and basal radius, together with the topographic profile as indicators of key plumbing system properties. We started by coupling models for the ascent of magma and extrusion of lava flows with those for volcano edifice construction. We modeled volcanic edifices as a pile of lavas that are emitted from a single vent and reduce in volume with time. We then selected a number of arc-volcano examples to test our physical relationships and estimate parameters, which were compared with independent methods. Our results indicate that large volcanoes (>2,000 m height and base radius >10 km) usually are basaltic systems with overpressured sources located at more than 15 km depth. On the other hand, smaller volcanoes (<2,000 m height and basal radius <10 km) are associated with more evolved systems where the chambers feeding eruptions are located at shallower levels in the crust (<10 km). We find that surface observations on height and basal radius of a volcano and its lavas can give estimates of fundamental properties of the plumbing system, specifically the depth and size of the magma chamber feeding eruptions, as the structure of the magmatic system determines the morphology of the volcanic edifice.

  10. Degassing behavior of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy) before and during the 2008-2009 eruption, inferred from crater plume and soil gas measurements

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Salerno, Giuseppe; La Spina, Alessandro; Giammanco, Salvatore; Burton, Michael; Caltabiano, Tommaso; Murè, Filippo; Randazzo, Daniele; Lopez, Manuela; Bruno, Nicola; Longo, Vincenza

    2010-05-01

    The evolution of magmatic degassing that preceded and accompanied the 2008-2009 Mt. Etna eruption was monitored by using a combination of: i) near-daily SO2 flux measurements; ii) calculated HCl and HF fluxes, obtained combining the daily SO2 flux values with discrete FTIR measurements of SO2/HCl and SO2/HF molar ratios; iii) periodic soil CO2 flux measurements. Thanks to the differential release of magmatic gas species from an ascending magma body we were able to track the magma transfer process in the volcano plumbing system from depth (< 5 km) to the surface. Our data suggest that the intermittent paroxysmal activity that mainly affected the South-East Crater (SEC) during 2007, displayed the efficient but complex nature of Mt. Etna's plumbing system, with gas-rich magma ascending and degassing via the central conduit system prior to eruption at the peripheral SEC. Conversely, the 15 month long 2008-09 eruption event was characterized by quasi steady state magma supply. The calculated volume of magma required to produce the observed SO2 flux during the 2008-2009 eruption closely matches the volume of erupted magma. This "eruptive" steady-state would indicate an almost perfect process of magma migration and eruption at the surface, without substantial storage within the volcano plumbing system.

  11. Development and application of a three dimensional numerical model for predicting pollutant and sediment transport using an Eulerian-Lagrangian marker particle technique

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Pavish, D. L.; Spaulding, M. L.

    1977-01-01

    A computer coded Lagrangian marker particle in Eulerian finite difference cell solution to the three dimensional incompressible mass transport equation, Water Advective Particle in Cell Technique, WAPIC, was developed, verified against analytic solutions, and subsequently applied in the prediction of long term transport of a suspended sediment cloud resulting from an instantaneous dredge spoil release. Numerical results from WAPIC were verified against analytic solutions to the three dimensional incompressible mass transport equation for turbulent diffusion and advection of Gaussian dye releases in unbounded uniform and uniformly sheared uni-directional flow, and for steady-uniform plug channel flow. WAPIC was utilized to simulate an analytic solution for non-equilibrium sediment dropout from an initially vertically uniform particle distribution in one dimensional turbulent channel flow.

  12. Electromagnetic Fields of a Uniform Sphere in a Uniform Conducting Medium with Application to Dipole Sources

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-09-01

    12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) Vector spherical harmonic expansions are...electric and magnetic field vectors from E rand B - r alone. Genural expressions are given relating the scattered field expansion coefficients to the source...Prescnbed by ANSI Std. Z39-18 29W-102 NCSC TR 426-90 CONTENTS Pag o INTRODUCTION 1 BACKGROUND 1 ANGULAR MOMENTUM OPERATOR AND VECTOR SPHERICAL

  13. California's "Free" Universities

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cudhea, David

    1974-01-01

    Heliotrope, Orpheus, and Communiversity, San Francisco's three free universities, offer curricula with combinations of alchemy, magic, Volkswagen repairs, options in education, dance, conversational Mandarin, basic plumbing, and brain wave experiences. (Author/PG)

  14. The effect of an exogenous magnetic field on neural coding in deep spiking neural networks.

    PubMed

    Guo, Lei; Zhang, Wei; Zhang, Jialei

    2018-01-01

    A ten-layer feed forward network is constructed in the presence of an exogenous alternating magnetic field. Specifically, our results indicate that for rate coding, the firing rate is significantly increased in the presence of an exogenous alternating magnetic field and particularly with increasing enhancement of the alternating magnetic field amplitude. For temporal coding, the interspike intervals of the spiking sequence are decreased and the distribution of the interspike intervals of the spiking sequence tends to be uniform in the presence of alternating magnetic field.

  15. On decoding of multi-level MPSK modulation codes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lin, Shu; Gupta, Alok Kumar

    1990-01-01

    The decoding problem of multi-level block modulation codes is investigated. The hardware design of soft-decision Viterbi decoder for some short length 8-PSK block modulation codes is presented. An effective way to reduce the hardware complexity of the decoder by reducing the branch metric and path metric, using a non-uniform floating-point to integer mapping scheme, is proposed and discussed. The simulation results of the design are presented. The multi-stage decoding (MSD) of multi-level modulation codes is also investigated. The cases of soft-decision and hard-decision MSD are considered and their performance are evaluated for several codes of different lengths and different minimum squared Euclidean distances. It is shown that the soft-decision MSD reduces the decoding complexity drastically and it is suboptimum. The hard-decision MSD further simplifies the decoding while still maintaining a reasonable coding gain over the uncoded system, if the component codes are chosen properly. Finally, some basic 3-level 8-PSK modulation codes using BCH codes as component codes are constructed and their coding gains are found for hard decision multistage decoding.

  16. 12 CFR 7.1016 - Independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... or rules of practice include: The applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West...

  17. 12 CFR 7.1016 - Independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... or rules of practice include: The applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West...

  18. 12 CFR 7.1016 - Independent undertakings to pay against documents.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... or rules of practice include: The applicable version of Article 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) (1962, as amended 1990) or revised Article 5 of the UCC (as amended 1995) (available from West...

  19. Active Fault Near-Source Zones Within and Bordering the State of California for the 1997 Uniform Building Code

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Petersen, M.D.; Toppozada, Tousson R.; Cao, T.; Cramer, C.H.; Reichle, M.S.; Bryant, W.A.

    2000-01-01

    The fault sources in the Project 97 probabilistic seismic hazard maps for the state of California were used to construct maps for defining near-source seismic coefficients, Na and Nv, incorporated in the 1997 Uniform Building Code (ICBO 1997). The near-source factors are based on the distance from a known active fault that is classified as either Type A or Type B. To determine the near-source factor, four pieces of geologic information are required: (1) recognizing a fault and determining whether or not the fault has been active during the Holocene, (2) identifying the location of the fault at or beneath the ground surface, (3) estimating the slip rate of the fault, and (4) estimating the maximum earthquake magnitude for each fault segment. This paper describes the information used to produce the fault classifications and distances.

  20. Design optimization of axisymmetric bodies in nonuniform transonic flow

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lan, C. Edward

    1989-01-01

    An inviscid transonic code capable of designing an axisymmetric body in a uniform or nonuniform flow was developed. The design was achieved by direct optimiation by coupling an analysis code with an optimizer. Design examples were provided for axisymmetric bodies with fineness ratios of 8.33 and 5 at different Mach numbers. It was shown that by reducing the nose radius and increasing the afterbody thickness of initial shapes obtained from symmetric NACA four-digit airfoil contours, wave drag could be reduced by 29 percent for a body of fineness ratio 8.33 in a nonuniform transonic flow of M = 0.98 to 0.995. The reduction was 41 percent for a body of fineness ratio 5 in a uniform transonic flow of M = 0.925 and 65 percent for the same body but in a nonuniform transonic flow of M = 0.90 to 0.95.

  1. Measure Guideline: Transitioning to a Tankless Water Heater

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Brozyna, K.; Rapport, A.

    2012-09-01

    This Measure Guideline provides information to help residential builders and retrofitters with the design, specification, selection, implementation, installation, and maintenance issues of transitioning from tank-type water heaters to tankless water heaters. The report compares the differences between tankless and tank-type water heaters, highlighting the energy savings that can be realized by adopting tankless water heaters over tank-type water heaters. Selection criteria and risks discussed include unit sizing and location, water distribution system, plumbing line length and diameter, water quality, electrical backup, and code issues. Cost and performance data are provided for various types of tankless and tank-type water heaters, bothmore » natural gas fired and electric. Also considered are interactions between the tankless water heater and other functional elements of a house, such as cold water supply and low-flow devices. Operating costs and energy use of water distribution systems for single- and two-story houses are provided, along with discussion of the various types of distribution systems that can be used with tankless water heaters. Finally, details to prepare for proper installation of a tankless water heater are described.« less

  2. 2-Step scalar deadzone quantization for bitplane image coding.

    PubMed

    Auli-Llinas, Francesc

    2013-12-01

    Modern lossy image coding systems generate a quality progressive codestream that, truncated at increasing rates, produces an image with decreasing distortion. Quality progressivity is commonly provided by an embedded quantizer that employs uniform scalar deadzone quantization (USDQ) together with a bitplane coding strategy. This paper introduces a 2-step scalar deadzone quantization (2SDQ) scheme that achieves same coding performance as that of USDQ while reducing the coding passes and the emitted symbols of the bitplane coding engine. This serves to reduce the computational costs of the codec and/or to code high dynamic range images. The main insights behind 2SDQ are the use of two quantization step sizes that approximate wavelet coefficients with more or less precision depending on their density, and a rate-distortion optimization technique that adjusts the distortion decreases produced when coding 2SDQ indexes. The integration of 2SDQ in current codecs is straightforward. The applicability and efficiency of 2SDQ are demonstrated within the framework of JPEG2000.

  3. Prevalence of Infection-Competent Serogroup 6 Legionella pneumophila within Premise Plumbing in Southeast Michigan.

    PubMed

    Byrne, Brenda G; McColm, Sarah; McElmurry, Shawn P; Kilgore, Paul E; Sobeck, Joanne; Sadler, Rick; Love, Nancy G; Swanson, Michele S

    2018-02-06

    Coinciding with major changes to its municipal water system, Flint, MI, endured Legionnaires' disease outbreaks in 2014 and 2015. By sampling premise plumbing in Flint in the fall of 2016, we found that 12% of homes harbored legionellae, a frequency similar to that in residences in neighboring areas. To evaluate the genetic diversity of Legionella pneumophila in Southeast Michigan, we determined the sequence type (ST) and serogroup (SG) of the 18 residential isolates from Flint and Detroit, MI, and the 33 clinical isolates submitted by hospitals in three area counties in 2013 to 2016. Common to one environmental and four clinical samples were strains of L. pneumophila SG1 and ST1, the most prevalent ST worldwide. Among the Flint premise plumbing isolates, 14 of 16 strains were of ST367 and ST461, two closely related SG6 strain types isolated previously from patients and corresponding environmental samples. Each of the representative SG1 clinical strains and SG6 environmental isolates from Southeast Michigan infected and survived within macrophage cultures at least as well as a virulent laboratory strain, as judged by microscopy and by enumerating CFU. Likewise, 72 h after infection, the yield of viable-cell counts increased >100-fold for each of the representative SG1 clinical isolates, Flint premise plumbing SG6 ST367 and -461 isolates, and two Detroit residential isolates. We verified by immunostaining that SG1-specific antibody does not cross-react with the SG6 L. pneumophila environmental strains. Because the widely used urinary antigen diagnostic test does not readily detect non-SG1 L. pneumophila , Legionnaires' disease caused by SG6 L. pneumophila is likely underreported worldwide. IMPORTANCE L. pneumophila is the leading cause of disease outbreaks associated with drinking water in the United States. Compared to what is known of the established risks of colonization within hospitals and hotels, relatively little is known about residential exposure to L. pneumophila One year after two outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease in Genesee County, MI, that coincided with damage to the Flint municipal water system, our multidisciplinary team launched an environmental surveillance and laboratory research campaign aimed at informing risk management strategies to provide safe public water supplies. The most prevalent L. pneumophila strains isolated from residential plumbing were closely related strains of SG6. In laboratory tests of virulence, the SG6 environmental isolates resembled SG1 clinical strains, yet they are not readily detected by the common diagnostic urinary antigen test, which is specific for SG1. Therefore, our study complements the existing epidemiological literature indicating that Legionnaires' disease due to non-SG1 strains is underreported around the globe. Copyright © 2018 Byrne et al.

  4. 31 CFR 11.6 - Terms of permit.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... normal cleaning, maintenance, and repair of the building structure in and adjacent to the vending... Treasury bureau; and that all plumbing, electrical, and mechanical costs related to the renovation of...

  5. 7 CFR 3550.57 - Dwelling requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... amount required to address the specific need. (b) New dwellings. Construction must meet the requirements..., heating, plumbing, water, and wastewater disposal systems; and be free of termites and other wood damaging...

  6. WaterSense Labeled New Homes

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Homes built to meet EPA's specification can earn the WaterSense label. EPA criteria include WaterSense labeled plumbing fixtures, efficient hot water delivery systems, water-smart landscape design, and other features.

  7. Application of a Two-dimensional Unsteady Viscous Analysis Code to a Supersonic Throughflow Fan Stage

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Steinke, Ronald J.

    1989-01-01

    The Rai ROTOR1 code for two-dimensional, unsteady viscous flow analysis was applied to a supersonic throughflow fan stage design. The axial Mach number for this fan design increases from 2.0 at the inlet to 2.9 at the outlet. The Rai code uses overlapped O- and H-grids that are appropriately packed. The Rai code was run on a Cray XMP computer; then data postprocessing and graphics were performed to obtain detailed insight into the stage flow. The large rotor wakes uniformly traversed the rotor-stator interface and dispersed as they passed through the stator passage. Only weak blade shock losses were computerd, which supports the design goals. High viscous effects caused large blade wakes and a low fan efficiency. Rai code flow predictions were essentially steady for the rotor, and they compared well with Chima rotor viscous code predictions based on a C-grid of similar density.

  8. 48 CFR 36.501 - Performance of work by the contractor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CONTRACTING CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER CONTRACTS Contract Clauses 36.501.... Specialties such as plumbing, heating, and electrical work are usually subcontracted, and should not normally...

  9. 48 CFR 36.501 - Performance of work by the contractor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CONTRACTING CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER CONTRACTS Contract Clauses 36.501.... Specialties such as plumbing, heating, and electrical work are usually subcontracted, and should not normally...

  10. 48 CFR 36.501 - Performance of work by the contractor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CONTRACTING CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER CONTRACTS Contract Clauses 36.501.... Specialties such as plumbing, heating, and electrical work are usually subcontracted, and should not normally...

  11. 48 CFR 36.501 - Performance of work by the contractor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CONTRACTING CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER CONTRACTS Contract Clauses 36.501.... Specialties such as plumbing, heating, and electrical work are usually subcontracted, and should not normally...

  12. 48 CFR 36.501 - Performance of work by the contractor.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF CONTRACTING CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECT-ENGINEER CONTRACTS Contract Clauses 36.501.... Specialties such as plumbing, heating, and electrical work are usually subcontracted, and should not normally...

  13. Pebbles in Your Plumbing: Flushing Kidney Stones

    MedlinePlus

    ... Privacy Accessibility Freedom of Information Act No Fear Act Office of Inspector General USA.gov – Government Made Easy NIH…Turning Discovery Into Health ® National Institutes of Health 9000 Rockville ...

  14. Memory-efficient decoding of LDPC codes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kwok-San Lee, Jason; Thorpe, Jeremy; Hawkins, Jon

    2005-01-01

    We present a low-complexity quantization scheme for the implementation of regular (3,6) LDPC codes. The quantization parameters are optimized to maximize the mutual information between the source and the quantized messages. Using this non-uniform quantized belief propagation algorithm, we have simulated that an optimized 3-bit quantizer operates with 0.2dB implementation loss relative to a floating point decoder, and an optimized 4-bit quantizer operates less than 0.1dB quantization loss.

  15. 32 CFR 552.150 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... criminal prosecution under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, applicable Federal Law, other regulations... Jackson and prosecuted under appropriate Federal laws. The enumeration of prohibited activities in this part is not intended to preclude prosecution under other provisions of law or regulation. ...

  16. RM2: rms error comparisons

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Rice, R. F.

    1976-01-01

    The root-mean-square error performance measure is used to compare the relative performance of several widely known source coding algorithms with the RM2 image data compression system. The results demonstrate that RM2 has a uniformly significant performance advantage.

  17. Effects of Fuel Distribution on Detonation Tube Performance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Perkins, H. Douglas; Sung, Chih-Jen

    2003-01-01

    A pulse detonation engine uses a series of high frequency intermittent detonation tubes to generate thrust. The process of filling the detonation tube with fuel and air for each cycle may yield non-uniform mixtures. Uniform mixing is commonly assumed when calculating detonation tube thrust performance. In this study, detonation cycles featuring idealized non-uniform Hz/air mixtures were analyzed using a two-dimensional Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics code with detailed chemistry. Mixture non-uniformities examined included axial equivalence ratio gradients, transverse equivalence ratio gradients, and partially fueled tubes. Three different average test section equivalence ratios were studied; one stoichiometric, one fuel lean, and one fuel rich. All mixtures were detonable throughout the detonation tube. Various mixtures representing the same average test section equivalence ratio were shown to have specific impulses within 1% of each other, indicating that good fuel/air mixing is not a prerequisite for optimal detonation tube performance under conditions investigated.

  18. Flushometer-Valve Toilets Specification and Certification

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Flushometer-valve toilets, also known as flushometer-valve water closets in plumbing standards, are typically found in commercial, institutional, or industrial restrooms, in such places as airports, theaters, stadiums, schools, and office buildings.

  19. 16 CFR 305.16 - Labeling and marking for plumbing products.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... printed matter distributed or displayed in connection with such product (including packaging and point-of-sale material, catalog material, and print advertising) shall include, in a conspicuous manner, the...

  20. Quantum-dot-tagged microbeads for multiplexed optical coding of biomolecules.

    PubMed

    Han, M; Gao, X; Su, J Z; Nie, S

    2001-07-01

    Multicolor optical coding for biological assays has been achieved by embedding different-sized quantum dots (zinc sulfide-capped cadmium selenide nanocrystals) into polymeric microbeads at precisely controlled ratios. Their novel optical properties (e.g., size-tunable emission and simultaneous excitation) render these highly luminescent quantum dots (QDs) ideal fluorophores for wavelength-and-intensity multiplexing. The use of 10 intensity levels and 6 colors could theoretically code one million nucleic acid or protein sequences. Imaging and spectroscopic measurements indicate that the QD-tagged beads are highly uniform and reproducible, yielding bead identification accuracies as high as 99.99% under favorable conditions. DNA hybridization studies demonstrate that the coding and target signals can be simultaneously read at the single-bead level. This spectral coding technology is expected to open new opportunities in gene expression studies, high-throughput screening, and medical diagnostics.

  1. PARAMESH: A Parallel Adaptive Mesh Refinement Community Toolkit

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    MacNeice, Peter; Olson, Kevin M.; Mobarry, Clark; deFainchtein, Rosalinda; Packer, Charles

    1999-01-01

    In this paper, we describe a community toolkit which is designed to provide parallel support with adaptive mesh capability for a large and important class of computational models, those using structured, logically cartesian meshes. The package of Fortran 90 subroutines, called PARAMESH, is designed to provide an application developer with an easy route to extend an existing serial code which uses a logically cartesian structured mesh into a parallel code with adaptive mesh refinement. Alternatively, in its simplest use, and with minimal effort, it can operate as a domain decomposition tool for users who want to parallelize their serial codes, but who do not wish to use adaptivity. The package can provide them with an incremental evolutionary path for their code, converting it first to uniformly refined parallel code, and then later if they so desire, adding adaptivity.

  2. 48 CFR 852.236-79 - Daily report of workers and material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., mechanics, foremen/forewomen and pieces of heavy equipment used or employed by the contractor and... concrete, plastering, masonry, plumbing, sheet metal work, etc. The report shall give a breakdown of...

  3. 48 CFR 852.236-79 - Daily report of workers and material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., mechanics, foremen/forewomen and pieces of heavy equipment used or employed by the contractor and... concrete, plastering, masonry, plumbing, sheet metal work, etc. The report shall give a breakdown of...

  4. 48 CFR 852.236-79 - Daily report of workers and material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., mechanics, foremen/forewomen and pieces of heavy equipment used or employed by the contractor and... concrete, plastering, masonry, plumbing, sheet metal work, etc. The report shall give a breakdown of...

  5. 48 CFR 852.236-79 - Daily report of workers and material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., mechanics, foremen/forewomen and pieces of heavy equipment used or employed by the contractor and... concrete, plastering, masonry, plumbing, sheet metal work, etc. The report shall give a breakdown of...

  6. 48 CFR 852.236-79 - Daily report of workers and material.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., mechanics, foremen/forewomen and pieces of heavy equipment used or employed by the contractor and... concrete, plastering, masonry, plumbing, sheet metal work, etc. The report shall give a breakdown of...

  7. 26 CFR 6a.103A-3 - Qualified veterans' mortgage bonds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... renovation of plumbing or electric systems, the installation of improved heating or air conditioning systems... the active military, naval, or air service, and who was discharged or released therefrom under...

  8. Object-oriented code SUR for plasma kinetic simulation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Levchenko, V.D.; Sigov, Y.S.

    1995-12-31

    We have developed a self-consistent simulation code based on object-oriented model of plasma (OOMP) for solving the Vlasov/Poisson (V/P), Vlasov/Maxwell (V/M), Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) as well as Fokker-Planck (FP) kinetic equations. The application of an object-oriented approach (OOA) to simulation of plasmas and plasma-like media by means of splitting methods permits to uniformly describe and solve the wide circle of plasma kinetics problems, including those being very complicated: many-dimensional, relativistic, with regard for collisions, specific boundary conditions etc. This paper gives the brief description of possibilities of the SUR code, as a concrete realization of OOMP.

  9. Sinusoidal transform coding

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mcaulay, Robert J.; Quatieri, Thomas F.

    1988-01-01

    It has been shown that an analysis/synthesis system based on a sinusoidal representation of speech leads to synthetic speech that is essentially perceptually indistinguishable from the original. Strategies for coding the amplitudes, frequencies and phases of the sine waves have been developed that have led to a multirate coder operating at rates from 2400 to 9600 bps. The encoded speech is highly intelligible at all rates with a uniformly improving quality as the data rate is increased. A real-time fixed-point implementation has been developed using two ADSP2100 DSP chips. The methods used for coding and quantizing the sine-wave parameters for operation at the various frame rates are described.

  10. Investigating the deepest part of a volcano plumbing system: Evidence for an active magma path below the western flank of Piton de la Fournaise (La Réunion Island)

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Boudoire, G.; Liuzzo, M.; Di Muro, A.; Ferrazzini, V.; Michon, L.; Grassa, F.; Derrien, A.; Villeneuve, N.; Bourdeu, A.; Brunet, C.; Giudice, G.; Gurrieri, S.

    2017-07-01

    Peripheral diffuse degassing of CO2 from the soil occurs across the western flank of Piton de la Fournaise volcano (La Réunion Island, Indian Ocean) along a narrow zone. In this area, carbon isotopic analysis on soil gas samples highlights significant mixing between magmatic and organic end-members. The zones with the strongest magmatic signature (highest δ13C) overlap spatial distribution of hypocenters recorded shortly before and during volcano reactivation and allow discriminating a N135° degassing lineament, with a minimum length of 11 km and 140 ± 20 m-width. Such orientation is in accordance with that of an old dyke network along the rift zone and with N120-130° and N140-155° lineaments related to the inheritance of oceanic lithosphere structures. Our findings show that this N135° lineament represents a preferential magmatic pathway for deep magma transfer below the volcano flank. Moreover, spatial distributions of recent eccentric cones indicate a well-founded possibility that future eruptions may by-pass the shallow plumbing system of the central area of the volcano, taking a lateral pathway along this structure. Our results also confirm that Piton de la Fournaise activity is linked to a laterally shifted plumbing system and represent a major improvement in identifying the main high-risk area on the densely populated western flank of the volcano.

  11. The role of physical content in piagetian spatial tasks: Sex differences in spatial knowledge?

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Golbeck, Susan L.

    Sex-related differences on Piagetian horizontality (water level) and verticality (plumb line) tasks were examined in 64 college students. It was hypothesized that females' difficulties on these Euclidean spatial problems are due not to differences in underlying spatial competence, but rather to differences in knowledge of task specific information about the physical properties of water levels and plumb lines. This was tested by presenting subjects with the standard water level and plumb line problems and also modified problems not requiring knowledge of physical principles (i.e., drawing straight up and down or straight across lines inside tipped rectangles). While males were expected to outperform females on the standard tasks, no sex differences were expected on the modified tasks. Results of an ANOVA on scores for horizontality and verticality each showed main effects for sex and task version but failed to reveal the hypothesized interaction. However, performance on the Euclidean spatial tasks was also considered in terms of overall success versus failure. While males were more successful than females in the standard format, males and females were equally successful in the modified, nonphysical, format. Hence, college aged males and females generally do not differ in spatial competence although they may be differentially influenced by task content. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for theory and practice. It is emphasized that science educators must be especially aware of such task influences for females so that performance deficits are not mistaken for competence deficits.

  12. An experimental study of the role of subsurface plumbing on geothermal discharge

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Namiki, Atsuko; Ueno, Yoshinori; Hurwitz, Shaul; Manga, Michael; Munoz-Saez, Carolina; Murphy, Fred

    2016-01-01

    In order to better understand the diverse discharge styles and eruption intervals observed at geothermal features, we performed three series of laboratory experiments with differing plumbing geometries. A single, straight conduit that connects a hot water bath (flask) to a vent (funnel) can originate geyser-like periodic eruptions, continuous discharge like a boiling spring, and fumarole-like steam discharge, depending on the conduit length and radius. The balance between the heat loss from the conduit walls and the heat supplied from the bottom determines whether and where water can condense which in turn controls discharge style. Next, we connected the conduit to a cold water reservoir through a branch, simulating the inflow from an external water source. Colder water located at a higher elevation than a branching point can flow into the conduit to stop the boiling in the flask, controlling the periodicity of the eruption. When an additional branch is connected to a second cold water reservoir, the two cold reservoirs can interact. Our experiments show that branching allows new processes to occur, such as recharge of colder water and escape of steam from side channels, leading to greater variation in discharge styles and eruption intervals. This model is consistent with the fact that eruption duration is not controlled by emptying reservoirs. We show how differences in plumbing geometries can explain various discharge styles and eruption intervals observed in El Tatio, Chile, and Yellowstone, USA.

  13. The plumbing system of the Pagosa thermal Springs, Colorado: Application of geologically constrained geophysical inversion and data fusion

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Revil, A.; Cuttler, S.; Karaoulis, M.; Zhou, J.; Raynolds, B.; Batzle, M.

    2015-06-01

    Fault and fracture networks usually provide the plumbing for movement of hydrothermal fluids in geothermal fields. The Big Springs of Pagosa Springs in Colorado is known as the deepest geothermal hot springs in the world. However, little is known about the plumbing system of this hot spring, especially regarding the position of the reservoir (if any) or the position of the major tectonic faults controlling the flow of the thermal water in this area. The Mancos shale, a Cretaceous shale, dominates many of the surface expressions around the springs and impede an easy recognition of the fault network. We use three geophysical methods (DC resistivity, self-potential, and seismic) to image the faults in this area, most of which are not recognized in the geologic fault map of the region. Results from these surveys indicate that the hot Springs (the Big Spring and a warm spring located 1.8 km further south) are located at the intersection of the Victoire Fault, a major normal crustal fault, and two north-northeast trending faults (Fault A and B). Self-potential and DC resistivity tomographies can be combined and a set of joint attributes defined to determine the localization of the flow of hot water associated with the Eight Miles Mesa Fault, a second major tectonic feature responsible for the occurrence of warm springs further West and South from the Big Springs of Pagosa Springs.

  14. 38 CFR 3.903 - Subversive activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Uniform Code of Military Justice, Articles 94, 104 and 106 (10 U.S.C. 894, 904, and 906); (4) In the following sections of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954: Sections 222 through 226 (42 U.S.C. 2272-2276); and (5...

  15. 38 CFR 3.903 - Subversive activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Uniform Code of Military Justice, Articles 94, 104 and 106 (10 U.S.C. 894, 904, and 906); (4) In the following sections of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954: Sections 222 through 226 (42 U.S.C. 2272-2276); and (5...

  16. 49 CFR 1503.407 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL RULES INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES... the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. chapter 47...

  17. 49 CFR 1503.407 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL RULES INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES... the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. chapter 47...

  18. 49 CFR 1503.407 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL RULES INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES... the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. chapter 47...

  19. 49 CFR 1503.407 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL RULES INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES... the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. chapter 47...

  20. 49 CFR 1503.407 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ADMINISTRATIVE AND PROCEDURAL RULES INVESTIGATIVE AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES... the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U.S.C. chapter 47...

  1. Consistency of the New York State bridge inspection program.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2013-09-01

    The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) maintains an inventory of over 17,000 highway : bridges across the state. As per New York States Uniform Code of Bridge Inspections, all bridges in New York : State are inspected biennially,...

  2. Suggested revisions to Virginia's pedestrian, motorcycle, and bicycle laws.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1978-01-01

    An evaluation of the laws of Virginia governing pedestrian movement and the operation of bicycles and motorcycles revealed that a number of changes are called for. Comparisons between current Virginia law, the Uniform Vehicle Code (U.V.C.) and select...

  3. Reconstruction of coded aperture images

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bielefeld, Michael J.; Yin, Lo I.

    1987-01-01

    Balanced correlation method and the Maximum Entropy Method (MEM) were implemented to reconstruct a laboratory X-ray source as imaged by a Uniformly Redundant Array (URA) system. Although the MEM method has advantages over the balanced correlation method, it is computationally time consuming because of the iterative nature of its solution. Massively Parallel Processing, with its parallel array structure is ideally suited for such computations. These preliminary results indicate that it is possible to use the MEM method in future coded-aperture experiments with the help of the MPP.

  4. Identification (ID) Cards for Members of the Uniformed Services, Their Dependents, and Other Eligible Individuals

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-12-30

    Encl 5) Cayman Islands CJ Central African Republic CT Chad CD Chile CI China CH Christmas Island KT Clipperton Islands IP Cocos (Keeling) Islands CK...PA Puerto Rico PR Rhode Island RI South Carolina SC South Dakota SD Tennessee TN Federated States of Marshall Islands , Palau TT Texas TX Utah UT...Vermont VT Virginia VA Virgin Islands VI Washington WA West Virginia WV Wisconsin WI Wyoming WY Block 17. ZIP Code. Enter the correct nine-digit ZIP Code

  5. Admissibility of Evidence from Compelled Mental Examinations: MRE 302 and Beyond

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-04-01

    antisocial and paranoid personality disorder. He was subsequently apprehended for possession of marihuana and another assault. He was again referred to the...acts. Mental disease or defect does not otherwise constitute a defense. Uniform Code of Military Justice art . 50a, 10 U.S.C.A. § 859a (1987 Supp...UCMJ art . 5a (bW. 4 RCM 716k (3)(A). 5 "No problem in the drafting of a penal code presents larger intrinsic difficulties than that of determining when

  6. IGG Subclass and Isotype Specific Immunoglobulin Responses to LASSA fever and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis: Natural Infection and Immunication

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-03-01

    VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS: NATURAL INFECTION AND IMMUNIZATION PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Renata J. Engler CONTRACTING ORGANIZATION: Uniformed Services...University of Health Sciences 4301 Jones Bridges Road Bethesda, MD 20814-4799 DTIC REPORT DATE: March 1, 1989 E T E MAR0 6 1990 TYPE OF REPORT...University (if applicable) of Health Sciences I 6c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 4301 Jones Bridges Road

  7. Washing and changing uniforms: is guidance being adhered to?

    PubMed

    Potter, Yvonne Camilla; Justham, David

    To allay public apprehension regarding the risk of nurses' uniforms transmitting healthcare-associated infections (HCAI), national and local guidelines have been issued to control use, laundry and storage. This paper aims to measure the knowledge of registered nurses (RNs) and healthcare assistants (HCAs) working within a rural NHS foundation Trust and their adherence to the local infection prevention and control (IPC) standard regarding uniforms through a Trust-wide audit. Stratified random sampling selected 597 nursing staff and 399 responded (67%) by completing a short questionnaire based on the local standard. Responses were coded and transferred to SPSS (v. 17) for analysis. The audit found that nursing staff generally adhere to the guidelines, changing their uniforms daily and immediately upon accidental soiling, and wearing plastic aprons where indicated. At home, staff normally machine-wash and then iron their uniforms at the hottest setting. Nevertheless, few observe the local direction to place their newly-laundered uniforms in protective covers. This paper recommends a re-audit to compare compliance rates with baseline figures and further research into the reasons why compliance is lacking to sanction interventions for improvement, such as providing relevant staff education and re-introducing appropriate changing facilities.

  8. Accumulate repeat accumulate codes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Abbasfar, Aliazam; Divsalar, Dariush; Yao, Kung

    2004-01-01

    In this paper we propose an innovative channel coding scheme called 'Accumulate Repeat Accumulate codes' (ARA). This class of codes can be viewed as serial turbo-like codes, or as a subclass of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, thus belief propagation can be used for iterative decoding of ARA codes on a graph. The structure of encoder for this class can be viewed as precoded Repeat Accumulate (RA) code or as precoded Irregular Repeat Accumulate (IRA) code, where simply an accumulator is chosen as a precoder. Thus ARA codes have simple, and very fast encoder structure when they representing LDPC codes. Based on density evolution for LDPC codes through some examples for ARA codes, we show that for maximum variable node degree 5 a minimum bit SNR as low as 0.08 dB from channel capacity for rate 1/2 can be achieved as the block size goes to infinity. Thus based on fixed low maximum variable node degree, its threshold outperforms not only the RA and IRA codes but also the best known LDPC codes with the dame maximum node degree. Furthermore by puncturing the accumulators any desired high rate codes close to code rate 1 can be obtained with thresholds that stay close to the channel capacity thresholds uniformly. Iterative decoding simulation results are provided. The ARA codes also have projected graph or protograph representation that allows for high speed decoder implementation.

  9. Interior vie of bath 2 showing original toilet, tub, and ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    Interior vie of bath 2 showing original toilet, tub, and plumbing wall cabinet, facing southeast. - Albrook Air Force Station, Company Officer's Quarters, East side of Canfield Avenue, Balboa, Former Panama Canal Zone, CZ

  10. 37 CFR 6.2 - Prior U.S. schedule of classes of goods and services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... and polishing materials. 5 Adhesives. 6 Chemicals and chemical compositions. 7 Cordage. 8 Smokers... Fertilizers. 11 Inks and inking materials. 12 Construction materials. 13 Hardware and plumbing and...

  11. 37 CFR 6.2 - Prior U.S. schedule of classes of goods and services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... and polishing materials. 5 Adhesives. 6 Chemicals and chemical compositions. 7 Cordage. 8 Smokers... Fertilizers. 11 Inks and inking materials. 12 Construction materials. 13 Hardware and plumbing and...

  12. 37 CFR 6.2 - Prior U.S. schedule of classes of goods and services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... and polishing materials. 5 Adhesives. 6 Chemicals and chemical compositions. 7 Cordage. 8 Smokers... Fertilizers. 11 Inks and inking materials. 12 Construction materials. 13 Hardware and plumbing and...

  13. 37 CFR 6.2 - Prior U.S. schedule of classes of goods and services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... and polishing materials. 5 Adhesives. 6 Chemicals and chemical compositions. 7 Cordage. 8 Smokers... Fertilizers. 11 Inks and inking materials. 12 Construction materials. 13 Hardware and plumbing and...

  14. 75 FR 28632 - Federal Housing Administration (FHA)-Temporary Exemption From Compliance With FHA's Regulation on...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-21

    ... and balconies, walkways and driveways. iii The roofing, plumbing systems, electrical systems, heating and air conditioning systems; iv. All interiors; and v. All insulation and ventilation systems, as...

  15. In Pursuit of a Better Seed Trap

    Treesearch

    Adam Wiese; John Zasada; Terry Strong

    1998-01-01

    Seed and litter traps are tools used by foresters and ecologists. We describe two different types of a durable trap constructed from plastic plumbing pipe, which are easily assembled/disassembled for efficient transportation and storage.

  16. 49 CFR 24.209 - Relocation payments not considered as income.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ....209 Section 24.209 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation UNIFORM RELOCATION... assistance under the Social Security Act (42 U.S. Code 301 et seq.) or any other Federal law, except for any Federal law providing low-income housing assistance. ...

  17. Calibration of LRFR live load factors using weigh-in-motion data.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2006-06-01

    The Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) code for load rating bridges is based on factors calibrated from structural : load and resistance statistics to achieve a more uniform level of reliability for all bridges. The liveload factors in the : LR...

  18. 14 CFR 19-2 - Maintenance of data.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Operating Statistics Classifications Sec. 19-2 Maintenance of data. (a) Each air carrier required to file... in accordance with the uniform classifications prescribed. Codes are prescribed for each operating... flight numbers. The second grouping requires that the enplanement/deplanement information be broken out...

  19. A Framework for Global Electronic Commerce: An Executive Summary.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Office of the Press Secretary of the White House

    1997-01-01

    An abbreviated version of a longer policy document on electronic commerce released by the Clinton Administration, this article examines principles and recommendations on tariffs, taxes, electronic payment systems, uniform commercial code for electronic commerce, intellectual property protection, privacy, security, telecommunications infrastructure…

  20. Hazardous Waste Handling Should be Defined

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Steigman, Harry

    1972-01-01

    An examination of the handling, storage and disposition of hazardous wastes from municipal and industrial sources, with a plea for the development of a uniform national hazardous waste code or listing that would be acceptable and useful to all state and federal agencies. (LK)

  1. 5 CFR 581.104 - Moneys which are not subject to garnishment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... United States Code; (d) Grants; (e) Fellowships; (f) Education and vocational rehabilitation benefits for...: (1) In the case of civilian employees: (i) Uniform allowances; (ii) Travel and transportation... differentials; (vi) Foreign areas allowances; (vii) Education allowances for dependents; (viii) Separate...

  2. 32 CFR 518.15 - General provisions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... required for disclosure from a PA system of records, to include the subject's attorney. (4) Release of...; nonjudicial punishment of military personnel under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Article 15... for action, including the recommendations of the transmitting agency and copies of the requested...

  3. Ferreting Out Terms and Conditions.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ebbinghouse, Carol

    1999-01-01

    Discusses problems for information professionals arising from traditional copyright legislation, as well as from the proposed Uniform Commercial Code 2B on information licensing. Highlights include responsibility of information consumers; World Wide Web terms and conditions, including those of newspapers and publishers; privacy issues; database…

  4. Embedding QR codes in tumor board presentations, enhancing educational content for oncology information management.

    PubMed

    Siderits, Richard; Yates, Stacy; Rodriguez, Arelis; Lee, Tina; Rimmer, Cheryl; Roche, Mark

    2011-01-01

    Quick Response (QR) Codes are standard in supply management and seen with increasing frequency in advertisements. They are now present regularly in healthcare informatics and education. These 2-dimensional square bar codes, originally designed by the Toyota car company, are free of license and have a published international standard. The codes can be generated by free online software and the resulting images incorporated into presentations. The images can be scanned by "smart" phones and tablets using either the iOS or Android platforms, which link the device with the information represented by the QR code (uniform resource locator or URL, online video, text, v-calendar entries, short message service [SMS] and formatted text). Once linked to the device, the information can be viewed at any time after the original presentation, saved in the device or to a Web-based "cloud" repository, printed, or shared with others via email or Bluetooth file transfer. This paper describes how we use QR codes in our tumor board presentations, discusses the benefits, the different QR codes from Web links and how QR codes facilitate the distribution of educational content.

  5. Development and simulation study of a new inverse-pinch high Coulomb transfer switch

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Choi, Sang H.

    1989-01-01

    The inverse-pinch plasma switch was studied using a computer simulation code. The code was based on a 2-D, 2-temperature magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. The application of this code was limited to the disk-type inverse-pinch plasma switch. The results of the computer analysis appear to be in agreement with the experimental results when the same parameters are used. An inverse-pinch plasma switch for closing has been designed and tested for high-power switching requirements. An azimuthally uniform initiation of breakdown is a key factor in achieving an inverse-pinch current path in the switch. Thus, various types of triggers, such as trigger pins, wire-brush, ring trigger, and hypocycloidal-pinch (HCP) devices have been tested for uniform breakdown. Recently, triggering was achieved by injection of a plasma-ring (plasma puff) that is produced separately with hypocycloidal-pinch electrodes placed under the cathode of the main gap. The current paths at switch closing, initiated by the injection of a plasma-ring from the HCP trigger are azimuthally uniform, and the local current density is significantly reduced, so that damage to the electrodes and the insulator surfaces is minimized. The test results indicate that electron bombardment on the electrodes and the insulator surfaces is minimized. The test results indicate that electron bombardment on the electrodes is four orders of magnitude less than that of a spark-gap switch for the same switching power. Indeed, a few thousand shots with peak current exceeding a mega-ampere and with hold-off voltage up to 20 kV have been conducted without showing measurable damage to the electrodes and insulators.

  6. Impact of Different Correlations on TRACEv4.160 Predicted Critical Heat Flux

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Jasiulevicius, A.; Macian-Juan, R.

    2006-07-01

    This paper presents an independent assessment of the Critical Heat Flux (CHF) models implemented in TRACEv4.160 with data from the experiments carried out at the Royal Institute of Technology (RIT) in Stockholm, Sweden, with single vertical uniformly heated 7.0 m long tubes. In previous CHF assessment studies with TRACE, it was noted that, although the overall code predictions in long single tubes with inner diameters of 1.0 to 2.49 cm agreed rather well with the results of experiments (with r.m.s. error being 25.6%), several regions of pressure and coolant mass flux could be identified, in which the code strongly under-predictsmore » or over-predicts the CHF. In order to evaluate the possibility of improving the code performance, some of the most widely used and assessed CHF correlations were additionally implemented in TRACEv4.160, namely Bowring, Levitan - Lantsman, and Tong-W3. The results obtained for the CHF predictions in single tubes with uniform axial heat flux by using these correlations, were compared to the results produced with the standard TRACE correlations (Biasi and CISE-GE), and with the experimental data from RIT, which covered a broad range of pressures (3-20 MPa) and coolant mass fluxes (500-3000 kg/m{sup 2}s). Several hundreds of experimental points were calculated to cover the parameter range mentioned above for the evaluation of the newly implemented correlations in the TRACEv4.160 code. (author)« less

  7. Flow and Temperature Distribution Evaluation on Sodium Heated Large-sized Straight Double-wall-tube Steam Generator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kisohara, Naoyuki; Moribe, Takeshi; Sakai, Takaaki

    2006-07-01

    The sodium heated steam generator (SG) being designed in the feasibility study on commercialized fast reactor cycle systems is a straight double-wall-tube type. The SG is large sized to reduce its manufacturing cost by economics of scale. This paper addresses the temperature and flow multi-dimensional distributions at steady state to obtain the prospect of the SG. Large-sized heat exchanger components are prone to have non-uniform flow and temperature distributions. These phenomena might lead to tube buckling or tube to tube-sheet junction failure in straight tube type SGs, owing to tubes thermal expansion difference. The flow adjustment devices installed in themore » SG are optimized to prevent these issues, and the temperature distribution properties are uncovered by analysis methods. The analysis model of the SG consists of two parts, a sodium inlet distribution plenum (the plenum) and a heat transfer tubes bundle region (the bundle). The flow and temperature distributions in the plenum and the bundle are evaluated by the three-dimensional code 'FLUENT' and the two dimensional thermal-hydraulic code 'MSG', respectively. The MSG code is particularly developed for sodium heated SGs in JAEA. These codes have revealed that the sodium flow is distributed uniformly by the flow adjustment devices, and that the lateral tube temperature distributions remain within the allowable temperature range for the structural integrity of the tubes and the tube to tube-sheet junctions. (authors)« less

  8. Understanding end water quality in hospitals and other large buildings

    EPA Science Inventory

    Local hospitals are depending on the use of copper silver ionization treatment to control Legionella in premise plumbing. Discussion will show some results that speak to the effectiveness of this treatment to control opportunistic pathogens.

  9. WaterSense Specification for Flushometer-Valve Water Closets Supporting Statement

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) WaterSense program released its specification for flushometer-valve water closets to further promote and enhance the market for water-efficient commercial restroom plumbing fixtures.

  10. 14 CFR 158.15 - Project eligibility at PFC levels of $1, $2, or $3.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... of the airport. These areas do not include restaurants, car rental and automobile parking facilities..., ventilation, plumbing, and electrical service), and aircraft fueling facilities next to the gate; (7) A...

  11. 5. EAST SECTION OF BUILDING, FIRST FLOOR, WEST ROOM. NOTE ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    5. EAST SECTION OF BUILDING, FIRST FLOOR, WEST ROOM. NOTE OVEN AT LEFT. All construction original except wood flooring, plumbing and electricity. - Ralph Izard House, Kitchen Building, 110 Broad Street, Charleston, Charleston County, SC

  12. 46 CFR 92.20-90 - Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... and alterations may be made to the same standard as the original construction. (2) Washbasins, showers, and bathtubs if substituted for showers, must be equipped with adequate plumbing including hot and...

  13. 46 CFR 92.20-90 - Vessels contracted for prior to November 19, 1952.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... and alterations may be made to the same standard as the original construction. (2) Washbasins, showers, and bathtubs if substituted for showers, must be equipped with adequate plumbing including hot and...

  14. Search | Galaxy of Images

    Science.gov Websites

    ; Carriages and Sleighs > Centipedes and Millipedes > Chemical Apparatus > Corals and other Zoophytes > Costume and Dress > Crustaceans > Domestic Life > Electrical Apparatus > Explorers ; Plants - Line Drawings > Plumbing and Bath Equipment > Pop-up and Moveable Books > Postal

  15. Book Review: Microbial fish disease manual by J. A. Plumb, and P. R. Bowser

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Anderson, D.P.

    1985-01-01

    The authors are faculty members of aquaculture departments in major universities, and as such have compiled a manual for use in teaching laboratory diagnostic procedures for field and research pathologists.

  16. Current Epidemiologic Trends of the Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM).

    PubMed

    Falkinham, Joseph O

    2016-06-01

    The nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are waterborne opportunistic pathogens of humans. They are normal inhabitants of premise plumbing, found, for example, in household and hospital shower heads, water taps, aerators, and hot tubs. The hydrophobic NTM are readily aerosolized, and pulmonary infections and hypersensitivity pneumonitis have been traced to the presence of NTM in shower heads. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in automotive workers was traced to the presence of NTM in metal recovery fluid used in grinding operations. Recently, NTM bacteremia in heart transplant patients has been traced to the presence of NTM in water reservoirs of instruments employed in operating rooms to heat and cool patient blood during periods of mechanical circulation. Although NTM are difficult to eradicate from premise plumbing as a consequence of their disinfectant-resistance and formation of biofilms, measures such as reduction of turbidity and reduction in carbon and nitrogen for growth and the installation of microbiological filters can reduce exposure of NTM to susceptible individuals.

  17. Role of iron and aluminum coagulant metal residuals and lead release from drinking water pipe materials.

    PubMed

    Knowles, Alisha D; Nguyen, Caroline K; Edwards, Marc A; Stoddart, Amina; McIlwain, Brad; Gagnon, Graham A

    2015-01-01

    Bench-scale experiments investigated the role of iron and aluminum residuals in lead release in a low alkalinity and high (> 0.5) chloride-to-sulfate mass ratio (CSMR) in water. Lead leaching was examined for two lead-bearing plumbing materials, including harvested lead pipe and new lead: tin solder, after exposure to water with simulated aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride and ferric sulfate coagulation treatments with 1-25-μM levels of iron or aluminum residuals in the water. The release of lead from systems with harvested lead pipe was highly correlated with levels of residual aluminum or iron present in samples (R(2) = 0.66-0.88), consistent with sorption of lead onto the aluminum and iron hydroxides during stagnation. The results indicate that aluminum and iron coagulant residuals, at levels complying with recommended guidelines, can sometimes play a significant role in lead mobilization from premise plumbing.

  18. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Before the start of the kickoff presentation for Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day, Center Director Jim Kennedy (left) chats with guest speaker Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) and United Space Alliance Vice President and Deputy Program Manager, Florida Operations, Bill Pickavance. Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day is an annual event at KSC and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce. Safety Awards were also given to individuals and groups.

    NASA Image and Video Library

    2003-10-15

    KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. - Before the start of the kickoff presentation for Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day, Center Director Jim Kennedy (left) chats with guest speaker Capt. Charles Plumb (USNR retired) and United Space Alliance Vice President and Deputy Program Manager, Florida Operations, Bill Pickavance. Spaceport Super Safety and Health Day is an annual event at KSC and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station dedicated to reinforcing safe and healthful behaviors in the workforce. Safety Awards were also given to individuals and groups.

  19. Symposium report: the Waters Bioanalysis World Tour: the broadening impact and future of the DMPK laboratory--addressing large-molecule therapeutics.

    PubMed

    De Vooght-Johnson, Ryan

    2011-03-01

    An evening symposium was held at the Museu de Historia de Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain) as a precursor to the European Bioanalysis Forum meeting, as part of the Waters Corporation Bioanalysis World Tour. The symposium was chaired by Robert Plumb and Jing Lin (Waters Corporation, MA, USA) with a focus on the future of the DMPK laboratory and its role in addressing large-molecule therapeutics and biomarkers. Lieve Dillen (Johnson and Johnson, Belgium) spoke on ultra-sensitive peptide quantification, Richard Kay (Quotient Bioresearch, UK) discussed quantifying proteins and peptides in plasma, Ian Wilson (AstraZeneca, UK) covered metabolic biomarkers and Robert Plumb concluded the evening with a presentation on the future of MS in DMPK studies. Following the presentations, all the speakers took questions from the audience and continued lively discussion over a cocktails and canapés reception.

  20. Common Features of Opportunistic Premise Plumbing Pathogens

    PubMed Central

    Falkinham, Joseph O.

    2015-01-01

    Recently it has been estimated that the annual cost of diseases caused by the waterborne pathogens Legionella pneumonia, Mycobacterium avium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is $500 million. For the period 2001–2012, the estimated cost of hospital admissions for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, the majority caused by M. avium, was almost $1 billion. These three waterborne opportunistic pathogens are normal inhabitants of drinking water—not contaminants—that share a number of key characteristics that predispose them to survival, persistence, and growth in drinking water distribution systems and premise plumbing. Herein, I list and describe these shared characteristics that include: disinfectant-resistance, biofilm-formation, growth in amoebae, growth at low organic carbon concentrations (oligotrophic), and growth under conditions of stagnation. This review is intended to increase awareness of OPPPs, identify emerging OPPPs, and challenge the drinking water industry to develop novel approaches toward their control. PMID:25918909

  1. Software Product Liability

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1993-08-01

    disclaimers should be a top priority. Contract law involves the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). This is an agreement between all the states (except...to contract law than this, the basic issue with software is that the sup- plier is generally an expert on an arcane and sophisticated technology and

  2. 24 CFR 905.200 - Eligible activities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... reduction. Physical improvements to reduce the number of units that are vacant. Not included are costs for... physical improvement costs associated with: (i) Correcting violations of local building code or the Uniform...) Management improvements. Noncapital activities that are project-specific or PHA-wide improvements needed to...

  3. Uniformly rotating, axisymmetric, and triaxial quark stars in general relativity

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhou, Enping; Tsokaros, Antonios; Rezzolla, Luciano; Xu, Renxin; Uryū, Kōji

    2018-01-01

    Quasiequilibrium models of uniformly rotating axisymmetric and triaxial quark stars are computed in a general-relativistic gravity scenario. The Isenberg-Wilson-Mathews (IWM) formulation is employed and the Compact Object Calculator (cocal) code is extended to treat rotating stars with finite surface density and new equations of state (EOSs). Besides the MIT bag model for quark matter which is composed of deconfined quarks, we examine a new EOS proposed by Lai and Xu that is based on quark clustering and results in a stiff EOS that can support masses up to 3.3 M⊙ in the case we considered. We perform convergence tests for our new code to evaluate the effect of finite surface density in the accuracy of our solutions and construct sequences of solutions for both small and high compactness. The onset of secular instability due to viscous dissipation is identified and possible implications are discussed. An estimate of the gravitational wave amplitude and luminosity based on quadrupole formulas is presented and comparison with neutron stars is discussed.

  4. A COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTS AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES. PART II. UNPOISONED UNIFORM SLAB CORE WITH A PARTIALLY INSERTED HAFNIUM ROD AND A PARTIALLY INSERTED WATER GAP

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Roseberry, R.J.

    The experimental measurements and nuclear analysis of a uniformly loaded, unpoisoned slab core with a partially inserted hafnium rod and/or a partially inserted water gap are described. Comparisons of experimental data with calculated results of the UFO core and flux synthesis techniques are given. It is concluded that one of the flux synthesis techniques and the UFO code are able to predict flux distributions to within approximately -5% of experiment for most cases, with a maximum error of approximately -10% for a channel at the core- reflector boundary. The second synthesis technique failed to give comparable agreement with experiment evenmore » when various refinements were used, e.g. increasing the number of mesh points, performing the flux synthesis technique of iteration, and spectrum-weighting the appropriate calculated fluxes through the use of the SWAKRAUM code. These results are comparable to those reported in Part I of this study. (auth)« less

  5. RX GEMINORUM: PHOTOMETRIC SOLUTIONS, (NEARLY UNIFORM) GAINER ROTATION, DONOR RADIAL VELOCITY SOLUTION, NON-LTE ACCRETION DISK MODELS OF Hα EMISSION PROFILES, AND SECULAR LIGHT CURVE CHANGES IN THE 20TH CENTURY

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Olson, Edward C.; Etzel, Paul B., E-mail: olsoneco@aol.com, E-mail: pbetzel@mail.sdsu.edu

    We obtained full-orbit Iybvu intermediate-band photometry and CCD spectroscopy of the long-period Algol eclipsing binary RX Geminorum. Photometric solutions using the Wilson–Devinney code give a gainer rotation (hotter, mass-accreting component) about 15 times the synchronous rate. We describe a simple technique to detect departures from uniform rotation of the hotter component. These binaries radiate double-peaked Hα emission from a low-mass accretion disk around the gainer. We used an approximate non-LTE disk code to predict models in fair agreement with observations, except in the far wings of the emission profile, where the star–inner disk boundary layer emits extra radiation. Variations inmore » Hα emission derive from modulations in the transfer rate. A study of times of minima during the 20th century suggests that a perturbing third body is present near RX Gem.« less

  6. Magnet system optimization for segmented adaptive-gap in-vacuum undulator

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Kitegi, C., E-mail: ckitegi@bnl.gov; Chubar, O.; Eng, C.

    2016-07-27

    Segmented Adaptive Gap in-vacuum Undulator (SAGU), in which different segments have different gaps and periods, promises a considerable spectral performance gain over a conventional undulator with uniform gap and period. According to calculations, this gain can be comparable to the gain achievable with a superior undulator technology (e.g. a room-temperature in-vacuum hybrid SAGU would perform as a cryo-cooled hybrid in-vacuum undulator with uniform gap and period). However, for reaching the high spectral performance, SAGU magnetic design has to include compensation of kicks experienced by the electron beam at segment junctions because of different deflection parameter values in the segments. Wemore » show that such compensation to large extent can be accomplished by using a passive correction, however, simple correction coils are nevertheless required as well to reach perfect compensation over a whole SAGU tuning range. Magnetic optimizations performed with Radia code, and the resulting undulator radiation spectra calculated using SRW code, demonstrating a possibility of nearly perfect correction, are presented.« less

  7. A Large Scale Code Resolution Service Network in the Internet of Things

    PubMed Central

    Yu, Haining; Zhang, Hongli; Fang, Binxing; Yu, Xiangzhan

    2012-01-01

    In the Internet of Things a code resolution service provides a discovery mechanism for a requester to obtain the information resources associated with a particular product code immediately. In large scale application scenarios a code resolution service faces some serious issues involving heterogeneity, big data and data ownership. A code resolution service network is required to address these issues. Firstly, a list of requirements for the network architecture and code resolution services is proposed. Secondly, in order to eliminate code resolution conflicts and code resolution overloads, a code structure is presented to create a uniform namespace for code resolution records. Thirdly, we propose a loosely coupled distributed network consisting of heterogeneous, independent; collaborating code resolution services and a SkipNet based code resolution service named SkipNet-OCRS, which not only inherits DHT's advantages, but also supports administrative control and autonomy. For the external behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, a novel external behavior mode named QRRA mode is proposed to enhance security and reduce requester complexity. For the internal behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, an improved query algorithm is proposed to increase query efficiency. It is analyzed that integrating SkipNet-OCRS into our resolution service network can meet our proposed requirements. Finally, simulation experiments verify the excellent performance of SkipNet-OCRS. PMID:23202207

  8. A large scale code resolution service network in the Internet of Things.

    PubMed

    Yu, Haining; Zhang, Hongli; Fang, Binxing; Yu, Xiangzhan

    2012-11-07

    In the Internet of Things a code resolution service provides a discovery mechanism for a requester to obtain the information resources associated with a particular product code immediately. In large scale application scenarios a code resolution service faces some serious issues involving heterogeneity, big data and data ownership. A code resolution service network is required to address these issues. Firstly, a list of requirements for the network architecture and code resolution services is proposed. Secondly, in order to eliminate code resolution conflicts and code resolution overloads, a code structure is presented to create a uniform namespace for code resolution records. Thirdly, we propose a loosely coupled distributed network consisting of heterogeneous, independent; collaborating code resolution services and a SkipNet based code resolution service named SkipNet-OCRS, which not only inherits DHT’s advantages, but also supports administrative control and autonomy. For the external behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, a novel external behavior mode named QRRA mode is proposed to enhance security and reduce requester complexity. For the internal behaviors of SkipNet-OCRS, an improved query algorithm is proposed to increase query efficiency. It is analyzed that integrating SkipNet-OCRS into our resolution service network can meet our proposed requirements. Finally, simulation experiments verify the excellent performance of SkipNet-OCRS.

  9. Class of near-perfect coded apertures

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Cannon, T. M.; Fenimore, E. E.

    1977-01-01

    Coded aperture imaging of gamma ray sources has long promised an improvement in the sensitivity of various detector systems. The promise has remained largely unfulfilled, however, for either one of two reasons. First, the encoding/decoding method produces artifacts, which even in the absence of quantum noise, restrict the quality of the reconstructed image. This is true of most correlation-type methods. Second, if the decoding procedure is of the deconvolution variety, small terms in the transfer function of the aperture can lead to excessive noise in the reconstructed image. It is proposed to circumvent both of these problems by use of a uniformly redundant array (URA) as the coded aperture in conjunction with a special correlation decoding method.

  10. The tubulin code at a glance.

    PubMed

    Gadadhar, Sudarshan; Bodakuntla, Satish; Natarajan, Kathiresan; Janke, Carsten

    2017-04-15

    Microtubules are key cytoskeletal elements of all eukaryotic cells and are assembled of evolutionarily conserved α-tubulin-β-tubulin heterodimers. Despite their uniform structure, microtubules fulfill a large diversity of functions. A regulatory mechanism to control the specialization of the microtubule cytoskeleton is the 'tubulin code', which is generated by (i) expression of different α- and β-tubulin isotypes, and by (ii) post-translational modifications of tubulin. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular components of the tubulin code, and discuss the mechanisms by which these components contribute to the generation of functionally specialized microtubules. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

  11. Use of high order, periodic orbits in the PIES code

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Monticello, Donald; Reiman, Allan

    2010-11-01

    We have implemented a version of the PIES code (Princeton Iterative Equilibrium SolverootnotetextA. Reiman et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 572) that uses high order periodic orbits to select the surfaces on which straight magnetic field line coordinates will be calculated. The use of high order periodic orbits has increase the robustness and speed of the PIES code. We now have more uniform treatment of in-phase and out-of-phase islands. This new version has better convergence properties and works well with a full Newton scheme. We now have the ability to shrink islands using a bootstrap like current and this includes the m=1 island in tokamaks.

  12. Prevalence of Legionella in premise plumbing in Hungary.

    PubMed

    Barna, Zsófia; Kádár, Mihály; Kálmán, Emese; Scheirich Szax, Anita; Vargha, Márta

    2016-03-01

    Legionella is one of the emerging concerns of water quality in built water environments. Premise plumbing systems are among the recognised sources of infection. In the present study, colonisation of hot water networks in health care facilities, schools, hotels, private residences, office and industrial buildings was investigated. Data was analysed in connection with building and premise plumbing characteristics. Over 60% of all buildings were colonised by Legionella; counts were over 1000 CFU/L in 49%. The most prevalent type was Legionella pneumophila serogroup 2-14, isolated from 75% of the positive samples. Centrally produced hot water was found to be a key risk factor (46% of the samples were positive vs. 16% in individual systems); within this group the type of the building was less relevant. Colonisation levels in schools were similar to hotels or hospitals, representing a previously underestimated risk setting. Systems supplied by water from deep groundwater sources were significantly less likely to be colonised than more vulnerable sources (bank-wall filtration, surface water abstraction or karstic water; 28% vs. 51% positive), regardless of the type of treatment applied, including the presence of disinfection. The aggravating effect of larger, more complex and older buildings on colonisation was also confirmed. The present study represents the first baseline analysis, pre-empting regulation or monitoring requirements for Legionella. The prevalence of legionellae and the identified risk factors are indicative for other settings lacking targeted interventions. The statistically confirmed risk factors can serve as indicators for preliminary risk assessment and the prioritisation of interventions. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Field testing hot water temperature reduction as an energy-saving measure--does the Legionella presence change in a clinic's plumbing system?

    PubMed

    Völker, Sebastian; Kistemann, Thomas

    2015-01-01

    Legionella spp. represent a significant health risk for humans. To ensure hygienically safe drinking water, technical guidelines recommend a central potable water hot (PWH) supply temperature of at least 60°C at the calorifier. In a clinic building we monitored whether slightly lowered temperatures in the PWH system led to a systemic change in the growth of these pathogens. In four separate phases we tested different scenarios concerning PWH supply temperatures and disinfection with chlorine dioxide (ClO2). In each phase, we took 5 sets of samples at 17 representative sampling points in the building's drinking water plumbing system. In total we collected 476 samples from the PWH system. All samples were tested (culture-based) for Legionella spp. and serogroups. Additionally, quantitative parameters at each sampling point were collected, which could possibly be associated with the presence of Legionella spp. (Pseudomonas aeruginsoa, heterotrophic plate count at 20°C and 36°C, temperatures, time until constant temperatures were reached, and chlorine dioxide concentration). The presence of Legionella spp. showed no significant reactions after reducing the PWH supply temperature from 63°C to 60°C and 57°C, as long as disinfection with ClO2 was maintained. After omitting the disinfectant, the PWH system showed statistically significant growth rates at 57°C. PWH temperatures which are permanently lowered to less than recommended values should be carefully accompanied by frequent testing, a thorough evaluation of the building's drinking water plumbing system, and hygiene expertise.

  14. Magma Plumbing System at a Young Back-Arc Spreading Center: The Marsili Volcano, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Trua, T.; Marani, M. P.; Gamberi, F.

    2018-01-01

    Although spreading rate is commonly taken as a proxy for decompression mantle melting at mid-ocean ridges (MORs), magmatism at back-arc spreading centers (BASCs) is further influenced by the subduction-related flux melting of the mantle. These regions consequently show a diversity of crustal structures, lava compositions, and morphologies not typically found in MORs. Here we investigate the crustal plumbing system of the small-scale, Marsili back-arc spreading center of the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea using plagioclase data from a wide spectrum of lavas (basalts to andesites) dredged from its summit and flanks. We employ petrological modeling to identify the plagioclase populations carried in the individual lavas, allocate them to plausible magmatic components present within the plumbing system, and trace the processes occurring during magma ascent to the surface. The properties of the system, such as mush porosity and abundance of the melt bodies, vary from one magma extraction zone to another along the BASC, evidencing the local variability of melt supply conditions. The plagioclase crystals document a range of relationships with the host lavas, indicating magma extraction from a composite, vertically extensive mush and melt-lens system resembling that of MORs. At the same time, however, in small BASCs, such as in the case of the Marsili Basin, crustal accretion and resulting morphology are significantly influenced by the three-dimensional setting of the basin margins. This is an important deviation from the conventional model based on the linear continuity and essentially two-dimensional framework of MORs.

  15. Case study of complaints on drinking water quality: relationship to copper content?

    PubMed

    Pizarro, Fernando; Araya, Magdalena; Vásquez, Marcela; Lagos, Gustavo; Olivares, Manuel; Méndez, Marco A; Leyton, Bárbara; Reyes, Arturo; Letelier, Victoria; Uauy, Ricardo

    2007-05-01

    Several families of Talca city, Chile complained to health authorities for what they attributed to consumption of copper (Cu)-contaminated drinking water. We assessed the situation 6-12 mo after the initiation of complaints by characterizing the symptoms reported, the chemistry of drinking water, and the Cu concentration in stagnant drinking water. After completing a census, 1778 households accepted participation and were categorized as follows: category 1, Cu plumbing for tap water and dwellers reporting health complaints (HC); category 2, Cu plumbing for tap water and dwellers reporting no HC; category 3, plastic plumbing for tap water and dwellers reporting no HC. Questionnaires recorded characteristics of households and symptoms presented by each member of the family in the last 3 mo. The Cu concentration in drinking water was measured in a subsample of 80 homes with Cu pipes. In category 1, participants presented significantly more abdominal pain, diarrhea, and/or vomiting (gastrointestinal [GI] symptoms) in comparison to category 3 and to categories 2 plus 3. The stagnant Cu concentrations measured in drinking water in all houses studied were below the US Environmental Protection Agency guideline value (<1.3 mg Cu/L). In summary, data obtained by interviews suggested that individuals in some areas of Talca city were suffering more GI symptoms potentially related to Cu excess, but measurement of Cu concentration in stagnant tap waters ruled out the association between Cu exposure and GI symptom reports at the time of this study. The dose-response curves for GI symptoms and Cu exposure now available were crucial in the analyses of results.

  16. Impact of water quality on chlorine demand of corroding copper.

    PubMed

    Lytle, Darren A; Liggett, Jennifer

    2016-04-01

    Copper is widely used in drinking water premise plumbing system materials. In buildings such as hospitals, large and complicated plumbing networks make it difficult to maintain good water quality. Sustaining safe disinfectant residuals throughout a building to protect against waterborne pathogens such as Legionella is particularly challenging since copper and other reactive distribution system materials can exert considerable demands. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of pH and orthophosphate on the consumption of free chlorine associated with corroding copper pipes over time. A copper test-loop pilot system was used to control test conditions and systematically meet the study objectives. Chlorine consumption trends attributed to abiotic reactions with copper over time were different for each pH condition tested, and the total amount of chlorine consumed over the test runs increased with increasing pH. Orthophosphate eliminated chlorine consumption trends with elapsed time (i.e., chlorine demand was consistent across entire test runs). Orthophosphate also greatly reduced the total amount of chlorine consumed over the test runs. Interestingly, the total amount of chlorine consumed and the consumption rate were not pH dependent when orthophosphate was present. The findings reflect the complex and competing reactions at the copper pipe wall including corrosion, oxidation of Cu(I) minerals and ions, and possible oxidation of Cu(II) minerals, and the change in chlorine species all as a function of pH. The work has practical applications for maintaining chlorine residuals in premise plumbing drinking water systems including large buildings such as hospitals. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  17. Effects of Fuel Distribution on Detonation Tube Performance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Perkins, Hugh Douglas

    2002-01-01

    A pulse detonation engine (PDE) uses a series of high frequency intermittent detonation tubes to generate thrust. The process of filling the detonation tube with fuel and air for each cycle may yield non-uniform mixtures. Lack of mixture uniformity is commonly ignored when calculating detonation tube thrust performance. In this study, detonation cycles featuring idealized non-uniform H2/air mixtures were analyzed using the SPARK two-dimensional Navier-Stokes CFD code with 7-step H2/air reaction mechanism. Mixture non-uniformities examined included axial equivalence ratio gradients, transverse equivalence ratio gradients, and partially fueled tubes. Three different average test section equivalence ratios (phi), stoichiometric (phi = 1.00), fuel lean (phi = 0.90), and fuel rich (phi = 1.10), were studied. All mixtures were detonable throughout the detonation tube. It was found that various mixtures representing the same test section equivalence ratio had specific impulses within 1 percent of each other, indicating that good fuel/air mixing is not a prerequisite for optimal detonation tube performance.

  18. Methods for Ensuring High Quality of Coding of Cause of Death. The Mortality Register to Follow Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation.

    PubMed

    Startsev, N; Dimov, P; Grosche, B; Tretyakov, F; Schüz, J; Akleyev, A

    2015-01-01

    To follow up populations exposed to several radiation accidents in the Southern Urals, a cause-of-death registry was established at the Urals Center capturing deaths in the Chelyabinsk, Kurgan and Sverdlovsk region since 1950. When registering deaths over such a long time period, quality measures need to be in place to maintain quality and reduce the impact of individual coders as well as quality changes in death certificates. To ensure the uniformity of coding, a method for semi-automatic coding was developed, which is described here. Briefly, the method is based on a dynamic thesaurus, database-supported coding and parallel coding by two different individuals. A comparison of the proposed method for organizing the coding process with the common procedure of coding showed good agreement, with, at the end of the coding process, 70  - 90% agreement for the three-digit ICD -9 rubrics. The semi-automatic method ensures a sufficiently high quality of coding by at the same time providing an opportunity to reduce the labor intensity inherent in the creation of large-volume cause-of-death registries.

  19. Drinking Water Quality in Hospitals and Other Buildings

    EPA Science Inventory

    Drinking water quality entering large buildings is generally adequately controlled by the water utility, but localized problems may occur within building or “premise” plumbing. Particular concerns are loss of disinfectant residual and temperature variability, which may enhance pa...

  20. PHOSPHATE CHEMICALS FOR BUILDING POTABLE WATER TREATMENT

    EPA Science Inventory

    Buildings can contribute significant quantities of trace metal contamination to drinking water, particularly lead, copper and zinc. Discolored water may also result in corroded galvanized and steel plumbing and after prolonged stagnation times. To protect human health as well as ...

  1. 24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

  2. 24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

  3. 24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

  4. 24 CFR 3280.903 - General requirements for designing the structure to withstand transportation shock and vibration.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... manufactured home shall be designed, in terms of its structural, plumbing, mechanical and electrical systems... subsequent secondary transportation moves. (c) In place of an engineering analysis, either of the following...

  5. 10 CFR 1022.5 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ...) Minor modification (e.g., upgrading lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems....g., activities such as reroofing, plumbing repair, door and window replacement); (2) Site... water and air quality, flora and fauna abundance, and soil properties) in a floodplain or wetland...

  6. 10 CFR 1022.5 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) Minor modification (e.g., upgrading lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems....g., activities such as reroofing, plumbing repair, door and window replacement); (2) Site... water and air quality, flora and fauna abundance, and soil properties) in a floodplain or wetland...

  7. 10 CFR 1022.5 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) Minor modification (e.g., upgrading lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems....g., activities such as reroofing, plumbing repair, door and window replacement); (2) Site... water and air quality, flora and fauna abundance, and soil properties) in a floodplain or wetland...

  8. 10 CFR 1022.5 - Applicability.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) Minor modification (e.g., upgrading lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems....g., activities such as reroofing, plumbing repair, door and window replacement); (2) Site... water and air quality, flora and fauna abundance, and soil properties) in a floodplain or wetland...

  9. Advanced Technology Display House. Volume 1: Project Summary and Procedures

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Maund, D. H.

    1981-01-01

    The Advanced Technology Display House (ATDH) project is described. Tasks are defined in the areas of energy demand, water demand, sewage treatment, electric power, plumbing, lighting, heating, and air conditioning. Energy, water, and sewage systems are defined.

  10. Sampling for Lead in Drinking Water

    EPA Science Inventory

    Sampling protocols for lead in water can be broadly categorized based on their intended purpose of 1) Pb regulatory compliance/corrosion control efficacy, 2) Pb plumbing source determination or Pb type identification, and 3) Pb exposure assessment. Choosing the appropriate protoc...

  11. Hazardous Waste Cleanup: American Standard Incorporated in Hamilton Township, New Jersey

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    American Standard Incorporated is located at 240 Princeton Avenue in Trenton, New Jersey. American Standard's Trenton Pottery Facility has operated at its present location since 1923. The facility manufactures ceramic plumbing fixtures using clay, plaster

  12. Water/Ice Heat Sink With Quick-Connect Couplings

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lomax, Curtis; Webbon, Bruce

    1996-01-01

    Report presents additional detailed information on apparatus described in "Direct-Interface, Fusible Heat Sink" (ARC-11920). Describes entire apparatus, with special emphasis on features of quick-disconnect couplings governing flow of water under various operating conditions and plumbing configuration.

  13. 75 FR 8923 - Notice of Petitions by Firms for Determination of Eligibility To Apply for Trade Adjustment...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-02-26

    .... archery repair tools and equipment. Optimax Systems, Inc 6367 Dean Parkway, Ontario, 2/17/2010 Fabrication... 60609. fittings, plumbing equipment and supplies, HVAC/Hydronic Equipment and supplies, automated valves...

  14. MOISTURE MOVEMENT (WICKING) WITHIN GYPSUM WALLBOARD

    EPA Science Inventory

    Gypsum wallboard with repeated or prolonged exposure to water or excess moisture can lose its structural integrity and provide a growth medium for biological contaminants. Poorly sealed buildings, leaking or failed plumbing systems, or improperly constructed HVAC systems can all ...

  15. Plumbing Career Ladder AFSC 552X5 and Occupational Series WG-4206.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-12-01

    41 APPENDIX A ........................................................... 42 APPENDIX C ...43 Jl APPENDIX C ............................................................ o. PREFACE This report...instrument was developed by 14r William C . Cosgrove, Inventory Development Specialist, with computer programming support furnished by Ms Rebecca Hernandez

  16. Accumulate-Repeat-Accumulate-Accumulate-Codes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Divsalar, Dariush; Dolinar, Sam; Thorpe, Jeremy

    2004-01-01

    Inspired by recently proposed Accumulate-Repeat-Accumulate (ARA) codes [15], in this paper we propose a channel coding scheme called Accumulate-Repeat-Accumulate-Accumulate (ARAA) codes. These codes can be seen as serial turbo-like codes or as a subclass of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, and they have a projected graph or protograph representation; this allows for a high-speed iterative decoder implementation using belief propagation. An ARAA code can be viewed as a precoded Repeat-and-Accumulate (RA) code with puncturing in concatenation with another accumulator, where simply an accumulator is chosen as the precoder; thus ARAA codes have a very fast encoder structure. Using density evolution on their associated protographs, we find examples of rate-lJ2 ARAA codes with maximum variable node degree 4 for which a minimum bit-SNR as low as 0.21 dB from the channel capacity limit can be achieved as the block size goes to infinity. Such a low threshold cannot be achieved by RA or Irregular RA (IRA) or unstructured irregular LDPC codes with the same constraint on the maximum variable node degree. Furthermore by puncturing the accumulators we can construct families of higher rate ARAA codes with thresholds that stay close to their respective channel capacity thresholds uniformly. Iterative decoding simulation results show comparable performance with the best-known LDPC codes but with very low error floor even at moderate block sizes.

  17. Linking Surface Activity to the Deep Volcanic Plumbing System: the CALIPSO Borehole Observatory Project on Montserrat

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Young, S. R.; Voight, B.; Mattioli, G. S.; Linde, A. T.; Sacks, I. S.; Malin, P. E.; Shalev, E.; Hidayat, D.; Elsworth, D.; Sparks, R. S.; Neuberg, J.; Dunkley, P. N.; Norton, G. E.; Herd, R. A.; Edmonds, M.; Thompson, G.; Jolly, A.; Bass, V.

    2003-12-01

    The prolonged and ongoing volcanic activity at SoufriŠre Hills Volcano (SHV), Montserrat, provides a rare chance for collecting multi-stream monitoring data in support of volcano research. Conventional surface geophysical instrumentation and detailed observational and geochemical data have enabled the development of a good understanding of surface and near-surface physical processes controlling eruptive style and intensity at SHV. However, the geophysical character and behavior of the deeper plumbing system, including magma storage area(s) and deep recharge processes, are not well understood. Developing better models for the deep system will assist in providing timely warning of large events or changes in eruptive style, and may also provide some clues as to the likely duration of the eruption. Installation of seismic and deformational monitoring instrumentation at depth enables a significant increase in signal to noise ratio so that smaller signals can be recorded and more distant sites (and thus deeper investigation depth) utilized. A variety of cycle-lengths have been noted during the eruption of SHV, and we hope that the new CALIPSO data stream will enable development of models in which cycles from a few hours to a few decades can be linked together in an integrated physical model. Cycle lengths of 7 to 14 weeks (depending on eruption rate and equating to the eruption of about 35 million cubic meters of magma) are likely to source from the shallower of the two upper crustal reservoirs indicated by geochemical evidence. The 30 to 35 year cycles (the fourth one of which marked the start of the current eruption) may relate to processes concerning input of basaltic magma to the deeper plumbing system. We also hope to document geophysical changes in the plumbing system induced by regional seismicity; many eastern Caribbean volcanoes (including SHV between 1933 and 1935 and in 1985) have demonstrated characteristics of unrest triggered or invigorated by regional tectonic earthquakes of Richter magnitude 5 and above. Events within the historical triggering threshold occur every few years; two such events have so far occurred since CALIPSO instrument installation (a Mw6.6 about 400km NE of Montserrat and a Mw5.7 about 150km NE of Montserrat). Both are at the lower end of historical triggering threshold parameters for magnitude and distance and neither produced measurable changes in macro-seismicity or ground deformation beneath SHV.

  18. 14 CFR 13.21 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Military personnel. 13.21 Section 13.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES... civilian employee of the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U...

  19. 14 CFR 13.21 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Military personnel. 13.21 Section 13.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES... civilian employee of the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U...

  20. 14 CFR 13.21 - Military personnel.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Military personnel. 13.21 Section 13.21 Aeronautics and Space FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURAL RULES... civilian employee of the Department of Defense who is subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (10 U...

  1. 32 CFR 842.16 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Definitions. 842.16 Section 842.16 National... CLAIMS Claims Under Article 139, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C. 939) § 842.16 Definitions. (a) Appointing commander. The commander exercising special court-martial jurisdiction over the...

  2. 32 CFR 842.16 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Definitions. 842.16 Section 842.16 National... CLAIMS Claims Under Article 139, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C. 939) § 842.16 Definitions. (a) Appointing commander. The commander exercising special court-martial jurisdiction over the...

  3. 32 CFR 842.16 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Definitions. 842.16 Section 842.16 National... CLAIMS Claims Under Article 139, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C. 939) § 842.16 Definitions. (a) Appointing commander. The commander exercising special court-martial jurisdiction over the...

  4. 32 CFR 842.16 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Definitions. 842.16 Section 842.16 National... CLAIMS Claims Under Article 139, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C. 939) § 842.16 Definitions. (a) Appointing commander. The commander exercising special court-martial jurisdiction over the...

  5. 32 CFR 842.16 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Definitions. 842.16 Section 842.16 National... CLAIMS Claims Under Article 139, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) (10 U.S.C. 939) § 842.16 Definitions. (a) Appointing commander. The commander exercising special court-martial jurisdiction over the...

  6. 14 CFR Sec. 19-2 - Maintenance of data.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... operations are reported by the air carrier in operational control of the aircraft. The traffic moving under... shall maintain its operating statistics, covering the movement of traffic in accordance with the uniform classifications prescribed. Codes are prescribed for each operating element and service class. All traffic...

  7. The Vanderbilt University nanoscale science and engineering fabrication laboratory

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hmelo, Anthony B.; Belbusti, Edward F.; Smith, Mark L.; Brice, Sean J.; Wheaton, Robert F.

    2005-08-01

    Vanderbilt University has realized the design and construction of a 1635 sq. ft. Class 10,000 cleanroom facility to support the wide-ranging research mission associated with the Vanderbilt Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering (VINSE). By design we have brought together disparate technologies and researchers formerly dispersed across the campus to work together in a small contiguous space intended to foster interaction and synergy of nano-technologies not often found in close proximity. The space hosts a variety of tools for lithographic patterning of substrates, the deposition of thin films, the synthesis of diamond nanostructures and carbon nanotubes, and a variety of reactive ion etchers for the fabrication of nanostructures on silicon substrates. In addition, a separate 911 sq. ft. chemistry laboratory supports nanocrystal synthesis and the investigation of biomolecular films. The design criteria required an integrated space that would support the scientific agenda of the laboratory while satisfying all applicable code and safety concerns. This project required the renovation of pre-existing laboratory space with minimal disruption to ongoing activities in a mixed-use building, while meeting the requirements of the 2000 edition of the International Building Code for the variety of potentially hazardous processes that have been programmed for the space. In this paper we describe how architectural and engineering challenges were met in the areas of mitigating floor vibration issues, shielding our facility against EMI emanations, design of the contamination control facility itself, chemical storage and handling, toxic gas use and management, as well as mechanical, electrical, plumbing, lab security, fire and laboratory safety issues.

  8. Stakeholder Perceptions of Cyberbullying Cases: Application of the Uniform Definition of Bullying.

    PubMed

    Moreno, Megan A; Suthamjariya, Nina; Selkie, Ellen

    2018-04-01

    The Uniform Definition of Bullying was developed to address bullying and cyberbullying, and to promote consistency in measurement and policy. The purpose of this study was to understand community stakeholder perceptions of typical cyberbullying cases, and to evaluate how these case descriptions align with the Uniform Definition. In this qualitative case analysis we recruited stakeholders commonly involved in cyberbullying. We used purposeful sampling to identify and recruit adolescents and young adults, parents, and professionals representing education and health care. Participants were asked to write a typical case of cyberbullying and descriptors in the context of a group discussion. We applied content analysis to case excerpts using inductive and deductive approaches, and chi-squared tests for mixed methods analyses. A total of 68 participants contributed; participants included 73% adults and 27% adolescents and young adults. A total of 650 excerpts were coded from participants' example cases and 362 (55.6%) were consistent with components of the Uniform Definition. The most frequently mentioned component of the Uniform Definition was Aggressive Behavior (n = 218 excerpts), whereas Repeated was mentioned infrequently (n = 19). Most participants included two to three components of the Uniform Definition within an example case; none of the example cases included all components of the Uniform Definition. We found that most participants described cyberbullying cases using few components of the Uniform Definition. Findings can be applied toward considering refinement of the Uniform Definition to ensure stakeholders find it applicable to cyberbullying. Copyright © 2017 The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Study on friction coefficient of soft soil based on particle flow code

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lei, Xiaohong; Zhang, Zhongwei

    2017-04-01

    There has no uniform method for determining the micro parameters in particle flow code, and the corresponding formulas obtained by each scholar can only be applied to similar situations. In this paper, the relationship between the micro parameters friction coefficient and macro parameters friction angle is established by using the two axis servo compression as the calibration experiment, and the corresponding formula is fitted to solve the difficulties of determining the PFC micro parameters which provide a reference for determination of the micro parameters of soft soil.

  10. Computational studies of an impulsively started viscous flow

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Davis, Sanford S.

    1988-01-01

    Progress in validating incompressible Navier-Stokes codes is described using a predictor/corrector scheme. The flow field under study is the impulsive start of a circular cylinder and the unsteady evolution of the separation bubble. In the current code, a uniform asymptotic expansion is used as an initial condition in order to correctly capture the initial growth of the vortex sheet. Volocity fields at selected instants of time are decomposed into vectorial representations of Navier-Stokes equations which are then used to analyze dominant contributions in the boundary-layer region.

  11. Influence of the normal modes on the plasma uniformity in large scale CCP reactors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Eremin, Denis; Brinkmann, Ralf Peter; Mussenbrock, Thomas; Lane, Barton; Matsukuma, Masaaki; Ventzek, Peter

    2016-09-01

    Large scale capacitively coupled plasmas (CCP) driven by sources with high frequency components often exhibit phenomena which are absent in relatively well understood small scale CCPs driven at low frequencies. Of particular interest are such phenomena which affect discharge parameters of direct relevance to the plasma processing applications. One of such parameters is plasma uniformity. By using a self-consistent 2d3v Particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo (PIC/MCC) code parallelized on GPU we have been able to show that uniformity of the plasma generated is influenced predominantly by two factors, the ionization pattern caused by high-energy electrons and the average temperature of low-energy plasma electrons. The heating mechanisms for these two groups of electrons appear to be different leading to different transversal (radial) profiles of the corresponding factors, which is well captured by the kinetic PIC/MCC code. We find that the heating mechanisms are intrinsically connected with excitation of normal modes inherent to a plasma-filled CCP reactor. In this work we study the wave nature of these phenomena, such as their excitation, propagation, and interaction with electrons. Supported by SFB-TR 87 project of the German Research Foundation and by the ``Experimental and numerical analysis of very high frequency capacitively coupled plasma discharges'' mutual research project between RUB and Tokyo Electron Ltd.

  12. Gravitational wave content and stability of uniformly, rotating, triaxial neutron stars in general relativity.

    PubMed

    Tsokaros, Antonios; Ruiz, Milton; Paschalidis, Vasileios; Shapiro, Stuart L; Baiotti, Luca; Uryū, Kōji

    2017-06-15

    Targets for ground-based gravitational wave interferometers include continuous, quasiperiodic sources of gravitational radiation, such as isolated, spinning neutron stars. In this work, we perform evolution simulations of uniformly rotating, triaxially deformed stars, the compressible analogs in general relativity of incompressible, Newtonian Jacobi ellipsoids. We investigate their stability and gravitational wave emission. We employ five models, both normal and supramassive, and track their evolution with different grid setups and resolutions, as well as with two different evolution codes. We find that all models are dynamically stable and produce a strain that is approximately one-tenth the average value of a merging binary system. We track their secular evolution and find that all our stars evolve toward axisymmetry, maintaining their uniform rotation, rotational kinetic energy, and angular momentum profiles while losing their triaxiality.

  13. Representing Color Ensembles.

    PubMed

    Chetverikov, Andrey; Campana, Gianluca; Kristjánsson, Árni

    2017-10-01

    Colors are rarely uniform, yet little is known about how people represent color distributions. We introduce a new method for studying color ensembles based on intertrial learning in visual search. Participants looked for an oddly colored diamond among diamonds with colors taken from either uniform or Gaussian color distributions. On test trials, the targets had various distances in feature space from the mean of the preceding distractor color distribution. Targets on test trials therefore served as probes into probabilistic representations of distractor colors. Test-trial response times revealed a striking similarity between the physical distribution of colors and their internal representations. The results demonstrate that the visual system represents color ensembles in a more detailed way than previously thought, coding not only mean and variance but, most surprisingly, the actual shape (uniform or Gaussian) of the distribution of colors in the environment.

  14. Support for Systematic Code Reviews with the SCRUB Tool

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Holzmann, Gerald J.

    2010-01-01

    SCRUB is a code review tool that supports both large, team-based software development efforts (e.g., for mission software) as well as individual tasks. The tool was developed at JPL to support a new, streamlined code review process that combines human-generated review reports with program-generated review reports from a customizable range of state-of-the-art source code analyzers. The leading commercial tools include Codesonar, Coverity, and Klocwork, each of which can achieve a reasonably low rate of false-positives in the warnings that they generate. The time required to analyze code with these tools can vary greatly. In each case, however, the tools produce results that would be difficult to realize with human code inspections alone. There is little overlap in the results produced by the different analyzers, and each analyzer used generally increases the effectiveness of the overall effort. The SCRUB tool allows all reports to be accessed through a single, uniform interface (see figure) that facilitates brows ing code and reports. Improvements over existing software include significant simplification, and leveraging of a range of commercial, static source code analyzers in a single, uniform framework. The tool runs as a small stand-alone application, avoiding the security problems related to tools based on Web browsers. A developer or reviewer, for instance, must have already obtained access rights to a code base before that code can be browsed and reviewed with the SCRUB tool. The tool cannot open any files or folders to which the user does not already have access. This means that the tool does not need to enforce or administer any additional security policies. The analysis results presented through the SCRUB tool s user interface are always computed off-line, given that, especially for larger projects, this computation can take longer than appropriate for interactive tool use. The recommended code review process that is supported by the SCRUB tool consists of three phases: Code Review, Developer Response, and Closeout Resolution. In the Code Review phase, all tool-based analysis reports are generated, and specific comments from expert code reviewers are entered into the SCRUB tool. In the second phase, Developer Response, the developer is asked to respond to each comment and tool-report that was produced, either agreeing or disagreeing to provide a fix that addresses the issue that was raised. In the third phase, Closeout Resolution, all disagreements are discussed in a meeting of all parties involved, and a resolution is made for all disagreements. The first two phases generally take one week each, and the third phase is concluded in a single closeout meeting.

  15. Technical Subjects. Mathematics. Science. Curriculum RP-27.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ontario Dept. of Education, Toronto.

    GRADES OR AGES: Grades 9-12. SUBJECT MATTER: Technical subjects and special mathematics and science courses for technical students. Technical subjects include air conditioning, auto mechanics, carpentry, drafting, applied electronics, masonry, painting, plumbing, service station operation, welding, and woodworking. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL…

  16. A resolution designating March 11, 2011, as "World Plumbing Day".

    THOMAS, 112th Congress

    Sen. Bennet, Michael F. [D-CO

    2011-03-10

    Senate - 03/14/2011 Resolution agreed to in Senate without amendment and with a preamble by Unanimous Consent. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Agreed to in SenateHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  17. Corrosion Control 101: A Journey in Rediscovery

    EPA Science Inventory

    The presentation covers the general water chemistry of lead and copper, how contamination originates from home plumbing systems, what treatments are appropriate for controlling lead and copper to meet the Lead and Copper Rule, and what water quality and treatment factors directly...

  18. Heat-Transfer Fluids for Solar-Energy Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, J. C.

    1982-01-01

    43-page report investigates noncorrosive heat-transport fluids compatible with both metallic and nonmetallic solar collectors and plumbing systems. Report includes tables and figures of X-ray inspections for corrosion and schematics of solar-heat transport systems and heat rejection systems.

  19. Alaska Department of Natural Resources

    Science.gov Websites

    Information Information Resource Management Information Resource Management (IRM) maintains the department's DNR's site DNR State of Alaska Toggle main menu visibility Home Contact Us Information Resource Management Recorder's Office/UCC Recorder's Office Recorder's Office Search Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) UCC

  20. 32 CFR 534.2 - Allowable expenses for reporters.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... MILITARY COURT FEES § 534.2 Allowable expenses for reporters. (a) General. Reporters appointed under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Article 28, are entitled to payment for their services in such capacity... to or greater than one-half hour, actually spent in court during the trial or hearing. A fractional...

  1. 32 CFR 534.2 - Allowable expenses for reporters.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... MILITARY COURT FEES § 534.2 Allowable expenses for reporters. (a) General. Reporters appointed under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Article 28, are entitled to payment for their services in such capacity... to or greater than one-half hour, actually spent in court during the trial or hearing. A fractional...

  2. 32 CFR 534.2 - Allowable expenses for reporters.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... MILITARY COURT FEES § 534.2 Allowable expenses for reporters. (a) General. Reporters appointed under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Article 28, are entitled to payment for their services in such capacity... to or greater than one-half hour, actually spent in court during the trial or hearing. A fractional...

  3. Application of Uniform Measurement Error Distribution

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-03-18

    subrata.sanyal@navy.mil Point of Contact: Measurement Science & Engineering Department Operations (Code: MS02) P.O. Box 5000 Corona , CA 92878... Corona , California 92878-5000 March 18, 2016 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited...NSWC Corona Public Release Control Number 16-005) NSWCCORDIV/RDTR-2016-005 iii

  4. 9 CFR 205.211 - Applicability of court decisions under the UCC.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... the UCC. 205.211 Section 205.211 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... OF FARM PRODUCTS Interpretive Opinions § 205.211 Applicability of court decisions under the UCC. (a) Court decisions under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), about the scope of the “farm products...

  5. 9 CFR 205.211 - Applicability of court decisions under the UCC.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... the UCC. 205.211 Section 205.211 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... OF FARM PRODUCTS Interpretive Opinions § 205.211 Applicability of court decisions under the UCC. (a) Court decisions under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), about the scope of the “farm products...

  6. 9 CFR 205.211 - Applicability of court decisions under the UCC.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... the UCC. 205.211 Section 205.211 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... OF FARM PRODUCTS Interpretive Opinions § 205.211 Applicability of court decisions under the UCC. (a) Court decisions under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), about the scope of the “farm products...

  7. 9 CFR 205.211 - Applicability of court decisions under the UCC.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... the UCC. 205.211 Section 205.211 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... OF FARM PRODUCTS Interpretive Opinions § 205.211 Applicability of court decisions under the UCC. (a) Court decisions under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), about the scope of the “farm products...

  8. 9 CFR 205.211 - Applicability of court decisions under the UCC.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... the UCC. 205.211 Section 205.211 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... OF FARM PRODUCTS Interpretive Opinions § 205.211 Applicability of court decisions under the UCC. (a) Court decisions under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), about the scope of the “farm products...

  9. An Analysis of Information Asset Valuation (IAV) Quantification Methodology for Application with Cyber Information Mission Impact Assessment (CIMIA)

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-03-01

    sponsor, Capt. Larry Fortson, for sharing a common vision; my knowledgeable committee members, Dr. Robert F. Mills and Dr. Dennis D. Strouble, for...Accounting Approaches ........................................................................ 16  vi Page Fair Market Value (FMV...22  Uniform Commercial Code ( UCC ) ....................................................................... 23

  10. 9 CFR 205.202 - “Effective financing statement” or EFS.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent document under future successor State law), but can be an entirely separate document meeting the definition in (c)(4). Note that (c)(4) contains a comprehensive definition of... State allows electronic filing of financing statements without the signature of the debtor under...

  11. 9 CFR 205.202 - “Effective financing statement” or EFS.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Uniform Commercial Code (or equivalent document under future successor State law), but can be an entirely separate document meeting the definition in (c)(4). Note that (c)(4) contains a comprehensive definition of... State allows electronic filing of financing statements without the signature of the debtor under...

  12. 77 FR 13061 - Electronic Reporting of Toxics Release Inventory Data

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-05

    ...--Reporting Year SIC--Standard Industrial Code TRI--Toxics Release Inventory TRI-ME--TRI-Made Easy Desktop... EPA to ``publish a uniform toxic chemical release form for facilities covered'' by the TRI Program. 42... practicable. Similarly, EPA's Cross-Media Electronic Reporting Regulation (CROMERR) (40 CFR Part 3), published...

  13. 46 CFR 298.31 - Mortgage.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... section. (e) Filing. You must file the Mortgage with the United States Coast Guard's National Vessel... Shipyard Project, a security interest may be perfected by a filing under the Uniform Commercial Code. (b... Mortgage, you must deliver to us the Mortgage and evidence of the filing of the security interest. (f...

  14. Bleacher Safety: What Do We Look for? What Can We Do?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    IEA Environmental Consultant, 1999

    1999-01-01

    Discusses safety issues surrounding aging bleacher systems, highlighting the following three primary safety considerations: space between seats and footboards; guardrails; and the structural provisions of the 1997 Uniform Building Code. Tips for bleacher accident-prevention assessment and excerpts from federal and Minnesota legislation on bleacher…

  15. 32 CFR 724.224 - Court-martial specifications, presumption concerning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Court-martial specifications, presumption...-martial specifications, presumption concerning. (a) Relevant and material facts stated in a court-martial... dismissal adjudged by a court-martial case tried under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the action may...

  16. 32 CFR 724.224 - Court-martial specifications, presumption concerning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Court-martial specifications, presumption...-martial specifications, presumption concerning. (a) Relevant and material facts stated in a court-martial... dismissal adjudged by a court-martial case tried under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the action may...

  17. 32 CFR 724.224 - Court-martial specifications, presumption concerning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Court-martial specifications, presumption...-martial specifications, presumption concerning. (a) Relevant and material facts stated in a court-martial... dismissal adjudged by a court-martial case tried under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the action may...

  18. 32 CFR 724.224 - Court-martial specifications, presumption concerning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Court-martial specifications, presumption...-martial specifications, presumption concerning. (a) Relevant and material facts stated in a court-martial... dismissal adjudged by a court-martial case tried under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the action may...

  19. 32 CFR 724.224 - Court-martial specifications, presumption concerning.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Court-martial specifications, presumption...-martial specifications, presumption concerning. (a) Relevant and material facts stated in a court-martial... dismissal adjudged by a court-martial case tried under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, the action may...

  20. 13 CFR 120.1709 - Transfers of Pool Certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Transfers of Pool Certificates... Transfers of Pool Certificates. (a) Transfer of Pool Certificates. A Pool Certificate is transferable. A transfer of a Pool Certificate must comply with Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code of the State of...

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