Sample records for union carbide corporation

  1. Corporate Publics and Rhetorical Strategies: The Case of Union Carbide's Bhopal Crisis.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ice, Richard

    1991-01-01

    Examines the role of rhetorical strategies in repairing damaged corporate relationships. Demonstrates the utility of an integrated model (multiple-publics concept and strategies of apologia) to corporate public relations through a case study of Union Carbide's justification of the Bhopal gas leak. (KEH)

  2. Proceedings of the International Wire and Cable Symposium (33rd) Held at Cherry Hill, New Jersey on 13-15 November 1984

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-11-15

    Rl TRW Inc. Philadelphia, PA UBE Industries Jcpan Union Carbide Corporation Danbury, CT Union Carbide Corporation Long Beach, CA U.S...since it is UL Classified to a demanding flame spread requirement, viz., no than 5 feet7 in the UL 910 test.y» more DUPUX OPIICAl HBtB ( ABil Ttie...4,243,579, January 6, 1981 ( Union Carbide Corporation) 2) J. R. Pedersen, et.al., "Low-Smoke, Halogen Free Ship-Off Shore/On Shore Cables with

  3. TAT [Training and Technology.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Oak Ridge Associated Universities, TN. Manpower Development Div.

    The Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) of Tennessee and the Nuclear Division of the Union Carbide Corporation established an industrial training program called Training and Technology (TAT) which was conducted at the Oak Ridge Y-12 plant. TAT instructors were provided by the regular work force of Union Carbide while ORAU provided the…

  4. Workplace 2000 Project. Final Performance Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    West Virginia Northern Community Coll., Wheeling.

    West Virginia Northern Community College provided workplace literacy education and training for employees of Weirton Steel Corporation and Union Carbide Corporation. For Weirton Steel the training included 4,040 hours of instruction in fundamental literacy skills (reading, writing, speaking, and math), oral and written communications (including…

  5. Testing Consent Order for Acrylic Acid

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This document announces that EPA has signed an enforceable testing Consent Order with BASF Corporation, Dow Chemical U.S.A., Hoechst Celanese Chemical Group, Rohm and Haas Company, and Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics, Inc.

  6. Undereducated Uncompetitive USA.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Union Carbide Corp., Danbury, CT.

    This study of the status of public education in the United States attempts to determine the implications for Union Carbide and recommends a role for the corporation in addressing national education issues. The report focuses on how well the education system is meeting the economic interests of our country and the company. The following chapters…

  7. The Training and Technology Project Experimental Research Program for Vocational-Technical Teachers. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Merrill, E.L.; Russell, Wendell H.

    Over a 31-month period from June 1966 to December 1968, the University of Tennessee and Union Carbide Corporation conducted preservice and inservice institutes for 160 industrial education teachers. These institutes carried college credit and covered Mechanical Technology and Drafting, Industrial Electronics Technology, Machine Shop and…

  8. An Investigation of Methods for Reducing Sampling Error in Certain IRT (Item Response Theory) Procedures.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-08-01

    34th Streets Lawrence, KS 66045 Baltimore, MD 21218 ENIC Facility-Acquisitions 1 Dr. Ron Hambleton 4t33 Rugby Avenue School of Education Lcthesda, !ID...Sector Dr. V. R. R. Uppuluri 1 Dr. Rand R. Wilcox Union Carbide Corporation University of Southern California Nuclear Division Department of

  9. Installation Restoration Program. Phase 1. Records Search, England AFB, Louisiana

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1983-05-01

    compound shown on Figure 4.3. No herbicides, expired DDT or other pesticides were stored at this site. Some battery acid was stored in plastic boxes...Union Carbide Corporation, Chemicals and Plastics Divi- sion, Environomental Engineering Department. As a pro- cess/project engineer performed...paper mill waste treatment facility. Project Manager on Solid and Hazardous Waste study for a diverse chemicals and plastics production facility

  10. The Production of Corporate Research to Manufacture Doubt About the Health Hazards of Products: An Overview of the Exponent Bakelite® Simulation Study.

    PubMed

    Egilman, David

    2018-01-01

    Although corporate sponsorship of research does not necessarily lead to biased results, in some industries, it has resulted in the publication of inaccurate and misleading data. Some companies have hired scientific consulting firms to retrospectively calculate exposures to hazardous products during use that are no longer manufactured or sold. As an example, this paper reviews one such study-a litigation-generated study of Union Carbide Corporation's asbestos-containing product, Bakelite®. This analysis is based on previously secret documents, produced as a result of litigation. The study generated asbestos fiber exposure measurements which resulted in underestimates of actual exposures to create doubt about the hazards associated with manufacture and manipulation of Bakelite®.

  11. The production of corporate research to manufacture doubt about the health hazards of products: an overview of the Exponent Bakelite™ simulation study

    PubMed Central

    2016-01-01

    Although corporate sponsorship of research does not necessarily lead to biased results, in some industries it has resulted in the publication of inaccurate and misleading information. Some companies have hired scientific consulting firms to retrospectively calculate exposures to products that are no longer manufactured or sold. As an example, this paper reviews one such study – a litigation-engendered study of Union Carbide Corporation’s asbestos-containing product, Bakelite™. This analysis is based on previously secret documents produced as a result of litigation. The study published asbestos fiber exposure measurements that underestimated actual exposures to create doubt about the hazards associated with the manufacture and manipulation of Bakelite™. PMID:27128626

  12. 12 CFR 704.11 - Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs). 704.11 Section 704.11 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.11 Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations...

  13. 12 CFR 704.11 - Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs). 704.11 Section 704.11 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.11 Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations...

  14. 12 CFR 704.11 - Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs). 704.11 Section 704.11 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.11 Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations...

  15. 12 CFR 704.3 - Corporate credit union capital.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Corporate credit union capital. 704.3 Section... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.3 Corporate credit union capital. (a) Capital plan. A corporate credit union... activities, and the periodic review and reassessment of the capital position of the corporate credit union...

  16. A review of the silicon material task

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lutwack, R.

    1984-01-01

    The Silicon Material Task of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project was assigned the objective of developing the technology for low-cost processes for producing polysilicon suitable for terrestrial solar-cell applications. The Task program comprised sections for process developments for semiconductor-grade and solar-cell-grade products. To provide information for deciding upon process designs, extensive investigations of the effects of impurities on material properties and the performance of cells were conducted. The silane process of the Union Carbide Corporation was carried through several stages of technical and engineering development; a pilot plant was the culmination of this effort. The work to establish silane fluidized-bed technology for a low-cost process is continuing. The advantages of the use of dichlorosilane is a siemens-type were shown by Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation. The development of other processes is described.

  17. A review of the silicon material task

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lutwack, R.

    1984-02-01

    The Silicon Material Task of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project was assigned the objective of developing the technology for low-cost processes for producing polysilicon suitable for terrestrial solar-cell applications. The Task program comprised sections for process developments for semiconductor-grade and solar-cell-grade products. To provide information for deciding upon process designs, extensive investigations of the effects of impurities on material properties and the performance of cells were conducted. The silane process of the Union Carbide Corporation was carried through several stages of technical and engineering development; a pilot plant was the culmination of this effort. The work to establish silane fluidized-bed technology for a low-cost process is continuing. The advantages of the use of dichlorosilane is a siemens-type were shown by Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation. The development of other processes is described.

  18. 12 CFR 704.3 - Corporate credit union capital.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Corporate credit union capital. 704.3 Section... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.3 Corporate credit union capital. (a) Capital requirements. (1) A corporate... percent or greater. (2) To ensure it meets its capital requirements, a corporate credit union must develop...

  19. 12 CFR 704.3 - Corporate credit union capital.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Corporate credit union capital. 704.3 Section... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.3 Corporate credit union capital. (a) Capital requirements. (1) A corporate... percent or greater. (2) To ensure it meets its capital requirements, a corporate credit union must develop...

  20. 12 CFR 704.3 - Corporate credit union capital.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Corporate credit union capital. 704.3 Section... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.3 Corporate credit union capital. (a) Capital requirements. (1) A corporate... percent or greater. (2) To ensure it meets its capital requirements, a corporate credit union must develop...

  1. Hazardous Waste Cleanup: Union Carbide Caribe, LLC in Peñuellas, Puerto Rico

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The Union Carbide Caribe L.L.C. (UCCLLC) facility, a subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company, is located on the south coast of Puerto Rico, on State Road 127 in the Municipio (town) de Peñuelas, approximately 7 miles west of the city of Ponce.

  2. Minority Pre Co-op Program for High School Graduates.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Union Carbide Corp., Oak Ridge, TN. Nuclear Div.

    In a program undertaken by Union Carbide to encourage black students to enter science and engineering studies, five black universities recruited high school graduates. The universities were: Howard Univ., North Carolina A and T State Univ., Southern Univ., Tennessee State Univ., and Tuskegee Institute. Union Carbide provided summer employment for…

  3. 75 FR 64785 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-20

    ...NCUA is issuing final amendments to its rule governing corporate credit unions. The major revisions involve corporate credit union capital, investments, asset-liability management, governance, and credit union service organization (CUSO) activities. The amendments establish a new capital scheme, including risk-based capital requirements; impose new prompt corrective action requirements; place various new limits on corporate investments; impose new asset-liability management controls; amend some corporate governance provisions; and limit a corporate CUSO to categories of services preapproved by NCUA. In addition, this rulemaking contains conforming amendments to rules governing Prompt Corrective Action (for natural person credit unions); Investments and Deposit Activities (for federal credit unions); Administrative Actions, Adjudicative Hearings, Rules of Practice and Procedure, and Investigations; and Involuntary Liquidation of Federal Credit Unions and Adjudication of Creditor Claims Involving Federally Insured Credit Unions. These amendments will strengthen individual corporates and the corporate credit union system as a whole.

  4. The Physics and Chemistry of carbides, Nitrides and Borides. Volume 185

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-01-01

    and C-B-C chains [15,17]. Clearly, the use of boron-rich solids as electronic materials will place new demands on the quality of materials. In this...first heated in a pyrolytic boron nitride (PBN) crucible ( Union Carbide Corp.) under high vacuum (< 50 mTorr) to 1900°C. This removed surface...contamination of the sample. The powders were loaded into a graphite die with a high-purity BN die liner ( Union Carbide Grade HBC) with inner diameter of 3/8

  5. 76 FR 16235 - Corporate Credit Unions, Technical Corrections

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 707 RIN 3133-AD58 Corporate Credit Unions... 2010, NCUA issued technical corrections to its corporate credit union rule, published in the Federal... October 2010, NCUA published a comprehensive overhaul to its corporate credit union rule, 12 CFR part 704...

  6. 12 CFR 704.17 - State-chartered corporate credit unions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... provided under the laws of the state in which it was chartered. (b) A state-chartered corporate credit... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State-chartered corporate credit unions. 704.17... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.17 State-chartered corporate credit unions. (a) This part does not expand the...

  7. 12 CFR 704.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.2 Definitions. Adjusted trading means any method or transaction whereby a corporate credit union... means the sum of a corporate credit union's retained earnings, paid-in capital, and membership capital...

  8. 12 CFR 704.5 - Investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... corporate credit union may invest in: (1) Securities, deposits, and obligations set forth in Sections 107(7... securities are legal investments for that corporate credit union; (3) The corporate credit union, directly or... reported daily and the tri-party agent ensures compliance. (e) Securities lending. A corporate credit union...

  9. An Analysis of Warfighter Sleep, Fatigue, and Performance on the USS Nimitz

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2014-09-01

    35 1. Chernobyl Reactor 4 .............................................................. 36 2...deprivation and fatigue can be disastrous, as demonstrated by the accidents at Chernobyl Reactor 4, Three Mile Island Unit 2, Bhopal Union Carbide, and the...deprivation and fatigue can be disastrous, as demonstrated by the accidents at Chernobyl Reactor 4, Three Mile Island Unit 2, Bhopal Union Carbide, and

  10. 12 CFR 704.8 - Asset and liability management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.8 Asset and liability management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must...) The purpose and objectives of the corporate credit union's asset and liability activities; (2) The... corporate credit union's ALCO must have at least one member who is also a member of the board of directors...

  11. 12 CFR 704.8 - Asset and liability management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.8 Asset and liability management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must...) The purpose and objectives of the corporate credit union's asset and liability activities; (2) The... corporate credit union's ALCO must have at least one member who is also a member of the board of directors...

  12. 12 CFR 704.8 - Asset and liability management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.8 Asset and liability management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must...) The purpose and objectives of the corporate credit union's asset and liability activities; (2) The... corporate credit union's ALCO must have at least one member who is also a member of the board of directors...

  13. Union Carbide's PECOP cops $500,000 fuel cut

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Crawford, E.

    1979-10-29

    Union Carbide's Plant Energy Cost Optimization Program (POCOP) is saving $500,000 a year at a Taft, Louisiana chemical complex. Day-to-day decisions affecting fuel costs and plant operations are based on a system of computerized data-gathering and processing. Although Carbide's system is not unique, it is more extensive and more comprehensive than the systems used by other chemical companies. The plant has decreased its energy consumption 12% below the 1972 level while increasing production by 30%. The system was initiated in response to the shift from raw materials to energy as the major production cost.

  14. 12 CFR 704.11 - Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... assets in which the corporate has a perfected security interest under state law. (3) If the limitations... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs). 704.11 Section 704.11 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS...

  15. 12 CFR 704.11 - Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... assets in which the corporate has a perfected security interest under state law. (3) If the limitations... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Corporate Credit Union Service Organizations (Corporate CUSOs). 704.11 Section 704.11 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS...

  16. 75 FR 71526 - Corporate Credit Unions, Technical Corrections

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-24

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 704 RIN 3133-AD58 Corporate Credit Unions... request for comments. SUMMARY: NCUA is issuing technical corrections to its corporate credit union rule... for submitting comments. NCUA Web site: http://www.ncua.gov/Resources/RegulationsOpinionsLaws/Proposed...

  17. 12 CFR 704.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... mortgage related security. Core capital means the sum of a corporate credit union's retained earnings, and... repurchase the same security at a specified time in the future. The corporate credit union then sells that... which the corporate credit union is obligated to return the security to its member credit union...

  18. 12 CFR 704.5 - Investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... corporate credit union may invest in: (1) Securities, deposits, and obligations set forth in Sections 107(7... securities are legal investments for that corporate credit union; (3) The corporate credit union, directly or... reported daily and the tri-party agent ensures compliance; and (e) Securities Lending. A corporate credit...

  19. 12 CFR 704.5 - Investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... corporate credit union may invest in: (1) Securities, deposits, and obligations set forth in Sections 107(7... securities are legal investments for that corporate credit union; (3) The corporate credit union, directly or... reported daily and the tri-party agent ensures compliance; and (e) Securities Lending. A corporate credit...

  20. 12 CFR 704.5 - Investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... corporate credit union may invest in: (1) Securities, deposits, and obligations set forth in Sections 107(7... securities are legal investments for that corporate credit union; (3) The corporate credit union, directly or... reported daily and the tri-party agent ensures compliance; and (e) Securities Lending. A corporate credit...

  1. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Bates, L.D.

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a principle Department of Energy (DOE) Research Institution operated by the Union Carbide Corporation - Nuclear Division (UCC-ND) under direction of the DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office (DOE-ORO). The Laboratory was established in east Tennessee, near what is now the city of Oak Ridge, in the mid 1940s as a part of the World War II effort to develop a nuclear weapon. Since its inception, disposal of radioactively contaminated materials, both solid and liquid, has been an integral part of Laboratory operations. The purpose of this document is to provide a detailed description ofmore » the ORNL Solid Waste Storage Areas, to describe the practice and procedure of their operation, and to address the health and safety impacts and concerns of that operation.« less

  2. 12 CFR 704.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... Adjusted trading means any method or transaction whereby a corporate credit union sells a security to a... corporate credit union purchases a security from one of its member credit unions under agreement by that member credit union to repurchase the same security at a specified time in the future. The corporate...

  3. 12 CFR 703.14 - Permissible investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) is a domestic interest rate. (b) Corporate credit union shares or deposits. A Federal credit union may purchase shares or deposits in a corporate credit union, except where the NCUA Board has notified it that the corporate credit union is not operating in compliance with...

  4. 12 CFR 704.8 - Asset and liability management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.8 Asset and liability management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must...) The purpose and objectives of the corporate credit union's asset and liability activities; (2) The... used as a basis of estimation. (b) Asset and liability management committee (ALCO). A corporate credit...

  5. 12 CFR 704.8 - Asset and liability management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.8 Asset and liability management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must...) The purpose and objectives of the corporate credit union's asset and liability activities; (2) The... used as a basis of estimation. (b) Asset and liability management committee (ALCO). A corporate credit...

  6. 17 CFR 401.5 - Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with other credit unions. 401.5 Section 401.5... SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 EXEMPTIONS § 401.5 Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited...

  7. 17 CFR 401.5 - Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with other credit unions. 401.5 Section 401.5... SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 EXEMPTIONS § 401.5 Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited...

  8. 17 CFR 401.5 - Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with other credit unions. 401.5 Section 401.5... SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 EXEMPTIONS § 401.5 Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited...

  9. 17 CFR 401.5 - Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with other credit unions. 401.5 Section 401.5... SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 EXEMPTIONS § 401.5 Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited...

  10. 17 CFR 401.5 - Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited government securities business with other credit unions. 401.5 Section 401.5... SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 EXEMPTIONS § 401.5 Exemption for corporate credit unions transacting limited...

  11. 76 FR 10209 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-24

    ... natural person credit unions (NPCUs) may wish to form new corporates. Previous corporate chartering... NCUA's standards for evaluating applications. It also included detailed timelines for processing... natural person representatives of natural person credit unions (NPCUs)--``the subscribers''--may charter a...

  12. Hoechst readies US capacity

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Coeyman, M.

    1995-02-08

    Hoechst Celanese`s (Somerville, NJ) 150 million lbs/year alcohol ethoxylates plant at Clear lake, TX is in start-up and has begun trial production. The company says it plans to begin shipping product to customers by the end of the first quarter. The plant replaces production facilities previously leased from Union Carbide at Texas City. Meanwhile, Union Carbide has completed the purchase of certain ICI ethylene oxide (EO) derivatives businesses, including ethylene glycol, glycol ethers and acetates, ethanomalamines, and brake fluids. ICI will retain the ethoxylates business. Carbide and ICI will jointly fund an expansion of an EO unit and Wilton, U.K.more » from 240,000 m.t./year to 300,000 m.t./year.« less

  13. 75 FR 33651 - Sunshine Act; Notice of Agency Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-14

    ... for Insurance, Interest Rate Risk Policy and Program. 4. Insurance Fund Report. 5. Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Accounting Standard. 6. Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Payment of Insured Shares. 7. Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Assessment...

  14. Mathematics and statistics research progress report, period ending June 30, 1983

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Beauchamp, J. J.; Denson, M. V.; Heath, M. T.

    1983-08-01

    This report is the twenty-sixth in the series of progress reports of Mathematics and Statistics Research of the Computer Sciences organization, Union Carbide Corporation Nuclear Division. Part A records research progress in analysis of large data sets, applied analysis, biometrics research, computational statistics, materials science applications, numerical linear algebra, and risk analysis. Collaboration and consulting with others throughout the Oak Ridge Department of Energy complex are recorded in Part B. Included are sections on biological sciences, energy, engineering, environmental sciences, health and safety, and safeguards. Part C summarizes the various educational activities in which the staff was engaged. Part Dmore » lists the presentations of research results, and Part E records the staff's other professional activities during the report period.« less

  15. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    The Reich Farm site is located in Dover Township, Ocean County, New Jersey. The site is currently owned by Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Reich. In August 1971, they rented a portion of their land to Mr. Nicholas Fernicola for temporary storage of used 55-gallon drums. Most of the drums had Union Carbide Corporation (UCC) markings on them, with labels reading 'tar pitch,' 'lab waste solvent,' 'blend of resin and oil,' and 'solvent wash of process stream' among others. The site first came to the attention of the New Jersey Superior Court when the Reichs filed suit against Mr. Fernicola andmore » UCC. The primary contaminants of concern affecting the ground water and soils are VOCs including 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), TCE, PCE, and semi-volatile organics compounds (SVOCs). The selected remedial action for the site is included.« less

  16. 12 CFR 741.222 - Credit union service organizations.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... credit union service organizations (CUSOs) and the requirement to maintain separate corporate identities... union service organizations (CUSOs), the requirement to maintain separate corporate identities, and...

  17. 76 FR 54499 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-01

    .... Description: NCUA utilizes the information to monitor financial conditions in corporate credit unions, and to allocate supervision and examination resources. Respondents: Corporate credit unions, or ``banker's banks... collection of information: Title: Corporate Credit Union Monthly Call Report. OMB Number: 3133-0067. Form...

  18. 76 FR 79531 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-22

    ... exclude CLF stock subscriptions, based on the asset's negligible credit risk and to facilitate corporate... removing paragraphs (c)(3) and (f)(4) and adding paragraph (h) to read as follows: Sec. 704.6 Credit risk... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 704 RIN 3133-AD95 Corporate Credit Unions AGENCY...

  19. 75 FR 61747 - Union Leader Corporation; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-06

    ... of Union Leader Corporation's application for market-based rate authority, with an accompanying rate... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. ER10-2780-000] Union Leader Corporation; Supplemental Notice That Initial Market-Based Rate Filing Includes Request for Blanket Section...

  20. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  1. 12 CFR 704.6 - Credit risk management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.6 Credit risk management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate... transaction counterparty, set as a percentage of capital. In addition to addressing deposits and securities...

  2. 12 CFR 704.6 - Credit risk management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.6 Credit risk management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate... transaction counterparty, set as a percentage of capital. In addition to addressing deposits and securities...

  3. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  4. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  5. 12 CFR 704.6 - Credit risk management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.6 Credit risk management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate... transaction counterparty, set as a percentage of capital. In addition to addressing deposits and securities...

  6. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  7. 12 CFR 704.6 - Credit risk management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.6 Credit risk management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate... transaction counterparty, set as a percentage of capital. In addition to addressing deposits and securities...

  8. 12 CFR 704.7 - Lending.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.7 Lending. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a lending policy which addresses... marketable securities and member reverse repurchase transactions, must not exceed 100 percent of capital. (2...

  9. Hazardous Waste Cleanup: Schering Corporation in Union, New Jersey

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    Schering Corporation is located at 1011 Morris Avenue, Union, New Jersey. Schering Corporation owns this facility, which conducts research and development along with some manufacturing of new pharmaceutical product lines. Support services include

  10. Mathematics and Statistics Research Department progress report, period ending June 30, 1982

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Denson, M.V.; Funderlic, R.E.; Gosslee, D.G.

    1982-08-01

    This report is the twenty-fifth in the series of progress reports of the Mathematics and Statistics Research Department of the Computer Sciences Division, Union Carbide Corporation Nuclear Division (UCC-ND). Part A records research progress in analysis of large data sets, biometrics research, computational statistics, materials science applications, moving boundary problems, numerical linear algebra, and risk analysis. Collaboration and consulting with others throughout the UCC-ND complex are recorded in Part B. Included are sections on biology, chemistry, energy, engineering, environmental sciences, health and safety, materials science, safeguards, surveys, and the waste storage program. Part C summarizes the various educational activities inmore » which the staff was engaged. Part D lists the presentations of research results, and Part E records the staff's other professional activities during the report period.« less

  11. Mathematics and statistics research department. Progress report, period ending June 30, 1981

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lever, W.E.; Kane, V.E.; Scott, D.S.

    1981-09-01

    This report is the twenty-fourth in the series of progress reports of the Mathematics and Statistics Research Department of the Computer Sciences Division, Union Carbide Corporation - Nuclear Division (UCC-ND). Part A records research progress in biometrics research, materials science applications, model evaluation, moving boundary problems, multivariate analysis, numerical linear algebra, risk analysis, and complementary areas. Collaboration and consulting with others throughout the UCC-ND complex are recorded in Part B. Included are sections on biology and health sciences, chemistry, energy, engineering, environmental sciences, health and safety research, materials sciences, safeguards, surveys, and uranium resource evaluation. Part C summarizes the variousmore » educational activities in which the staff was engaged. Part D lists the presentations of research results, and Part E records the staff's other professional activities during the report period.« less

  12. 12 CFR 704.9 - Liquidity management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.9 Liquidity management. (a) General. In the management of liquidity, a corporate credit... obligations; (4) Demonstrate that the accounting classification of investment securities is consistent with...

  13. 12 CFR 704.9 - Liquidity management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.9 Liquidity management. (a) General. In the management of liquidity, a corporate credit... obligations; (4) Demonstrate that the accounting classification of investment securities is consistent with...

  14. 12 CFR 704.9 - Liquidity management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.9 Liquidity management. (a) General. In the management of liquidity, a corporate credit... obligations; (4) Demonstrate that the accounting classification of investment securities is consistent with...

  15. 77 FR 66216 - Union Railroad Company-Corporate Family Merger Exemption-McKeesport Connecting Railroad Company

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-02

    ..., accounting, reporting, and related burdens associated with the maintenance of the two separate corporate... Company--Corporate Family Merger Exemption-- McKeesport Connecting Railroad Company Union Railroad Company... verified notice of exemption under 49 CFR 1180.2(d)(3) for a corporate family transaction pursuant to which...

  16. 12 CFR 704.9 - Liquidity management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.9 Liquidity management. (a) General. In the management of liquidity, a corporate credit... accounting classification of investment securities is consistent with its ability to meet potential liquidity...

  17. 12 CFR 704.9 - Liquidity management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.9 Liquidity management. (a) General. In the management of liquidity, a corporate credit... accounting classification of investment securities is consistent with its ability to meet potential liquidity...

  18. 12 CFR 704.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... Adjusted trading means any method or transaction whereby a corporate credit union sells a security to a... securities, asset-backed securities, or corporate obligations in the form of loans or debt. Senior tranches... repurchase transaction means an integrated transaction in which a corporate credit union purchases a security...

  19. Low Cost Solar Array Project. Feasibility of the silane process for producing semiconductor-grade silicon. Final report, October 1975-March 1979

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Not Available

    1979-06-01

    The commercial production of low-cost semiconductor-grade silicon is an essential requirement of the JPL/DOE (Department of Energy) Low-Cost Solar Array (LSA) Project. A 1000-metric-ton-per-year commercial facility using the Union Carbide Silane Process will produce molten silicon for an estimated price of $7.56/kg (1975 dollars, private financing), meeting the DOE goal of less than $10/kg. Conclusions and technology status are reported for both contract phases, which had the following objectives: (1) establish the feasibility of Union Carbide's Silane Process for commercial application, and (2) develop an integrated process design for an Experimental Process System Development Unit (EPSDU) and a commercial facility,more » and estimate the corresponding commercial plant economic performance. To assemble the facility design, the following work was performed: (a) collection of Union Carbide's applicable background technology; (b) design, assembly, and operation of a small integrated silane-producing Process Development Unit (PDU); (c) analysis, testing, and comparison of two high-temperature methods for converting pure silane to silicon metal; and (d) determination of chemical reaction equilibria and kinetics, and vapor-liquid equilibria for chlorosilanes.« less

  20. Can Any Good Thing Come out of Nazareth? (John 1:46) 1999 George C. Pimentel Award, sponsored by Union Carbide Corporation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Orna, Mary Virginia

    1999-09-01

    We are in the era of Big Science, which also means big institutions where the Big Science is done. However, higher education in the United States is unique in that parallel to the array of big institutions is a system of small liberal arts and sciences colleges where students receive the personal attention and faculty contact that is often not possible at larger institutions. While these smaller institutions are limited in resources and finances, studies have shown that they contribute a disproportionately higher number of leaders across a spectrum of disciplines, including chemistry. This address summarizes my personal odyssey and the reasons for the award. In it, I emphasize the advantages enjoyed by liberal arts and sciences students and faculty that enable them to overcome the view that great things can only be done in large, cosmopolitan settings.

  1. 12 CFR 704.2 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... Adjusted trading means any method or transaction whereby a corporate credit union sells a security to a... securities, asset-backed securities, or corporate obligations in the form of loans or debt. Senior tranches... repurchase the same security at a specified time in the future. The corporate credit union then sells that...

  2. 12 CFR 704.20 - Limitations on golden parachute and indemnification payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.20 Limitations on golden parachute and indemnification... Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (29 U.S.C. 1002(1)), or other usual and... corporate credit union either: (A) Recognizes compensation expense and accrues a liability for the benefit...

  3. Fuels from Recycling Systems

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Tillman, David A.

    1975-01-01

    Three systems, operating at sufficient scale, produce fuels that may be alternatives to oil and gas. These three recycling systems are: Black Clawson Fiberclaim, Franklin, Ohio; Union Carbide, South Charleston, West Virginia; and Union Electric, St. Louis, Missouri. These produce a wet fuel, a pyrolytic gas, and a dry fuel, respectively. (BT)

  4. 77 FR 44503 - Maintaining Access to Emergency Liquidity

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-30

    ... strategies for addressing liquidity shortfalls in emergency situations. The NPRM also requires FICUs with... corporate credit union that is in turn part of the agent group headed by U.S. Central Bridge Corporate... regular members of the CLF and not members of a corporate credit union. \\2\\ NCUA established U.S. Central...

  5. 75 FR 60651 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-01

    ... for the corporate credit union and availability of proposed financial services from alternative depository institutions); Summary of survey results and/or customer base analysis; Proposed financial...; Semiannual pro-forma financial statements for the first three years, [[Page 60653

  6. 31 CFR 357.31 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...) Officers and employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that... established the identity of the person seeking the certification. An employee who is not an officer should... and employees of corporate central credit unions and other entities listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this...

  7. 31 CFR 357.31 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...) Officers and employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that... established the identity of the person seeking the certification. An employee who is not an officer should... and employees of corporate central credit unions and other entities listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this...

  8. 31 CFR 357.31 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ...) Officers and employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that... established the identity of the person seeking the certification. An employee who is not an officer should... and employees of corporate central credit unions and other entities listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this...

  9. 12 CFR 704.15 - Audit requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... copies of all communications that are provided to the corporate credit union by the external auditor.... If requested by the OCCU Director, the external auditor's workpapers shall be made available, at the auditor's office or elsewhere, for the OCCU Director's review. The corporate credit union shall submit a...

  10. 12 CFR 704.15 - Audit requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... copies of all communications that are provided to the corporate credit union by the external auditor.... If requested by the OCCU Director, the external auditor's workpapers shall be made available, at the auditor's office or elsewhere, for the OCCU Director's review. The corporate credit union shall submit a...

  11. Politics and the world's raw materials

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lepkowski, W.

    1979-06-04

    New meaning is given to problems of raw materials scarcity in the development of national policies by mineral-rich developing countries. A combination of socio-economic and political factors is shown in countries like Zaire to be shaping decisions on ore production, which directly affects the economies of industrialized countries and world trade. The developing countries need cash from their ores to finance debts, but capitalism has not produced an adequate infrastructure and has not satisfied the poor. A debate is emerging between those who want to restructure a new international economic order and those who want to use industrial wealth andmore » existing financial institutions to secure order in these countries so that mineral production continues. Critical raw materials imported by the US from developing countries are felt by some to have created a situation of vulnerability as Union Carbide and other multinational corporations have shifted processing operations to the source of the ore. Arguments are presented for both sides of the question of whether a new economic order is needed.« less

  12. 12 CFR 741.8 - Purchase of assets and assumption of liabilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... banks, consumer finance companies, insurance companies, loan brokers, and other loan sellers or... corporate credit union seeking approval under paragraph (a) of this section must submit a letter to the Office of Corporate Credit Unions. The letter must request approval and state the nature of the...

  13. 12 CFR 704.19 - Wholesale corporate credit unions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...) Earnings retention requirement. A wholesale corporate credit union must increase retained earnings if the prior month-end retained earnings ratio is less than 1 percent. (1) Its retained earnings must increase... month-end retained earnings ratio is less than 1 percent and the core capital ratio is less than 3...

  14. 76 FR 22156 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-20

    ... Management and Budget (OMB) for review and clearance under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (Public Law... collection of information: Title: Corporate Credit Union Monthly Call Report. OMB Number: 3133-0067. Form.... Description: NCUA utilizes the information to monitor financial conditions in corporate credit unions, and to...

  15. 12 CFR 712.4 - What must an FCU and a CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... separate corporate identities? 712.4 Section 712.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities? (a) Corporate separateness. An FCU and a CUSO must... corporate veil” such as inadequate capitalization, lack of separate corporate identity, common boards of...

  16. 12 CFR 712.4 - What must an FCU and a CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... separate corporate identities? 712.4 Section 712.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities? (a) Corporate separateness. An FCU and a CUSO must... corporate veil” such as inadequate capitalization, lack of separate corporate identity, common boards of...

  17. 12 CFR 712.4 - What must an FCU and a CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... separate corporate identities? 712.4 Section 712.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities? (a) Corporate separateness. An FCU and a CUSO must... corporate veil” such as inadequate capitalization, lack of separate corporate identity, common boards of...

  18. 12 CFR 712.4 - What must an FCU and a CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... separate corporate identities? 712.4 Section 712.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities? (a) Corporate separateness. An FCU and a CUSO must... corporate veil” such as inadequate capitalization, lack of separate corporate identity, common boards of...

  19. 12 CFR 712.4 - What must an FCU and a CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... separate corporate identities? 712.4 Section 712.4 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION... CUSO do to maintain separate corporate identities? (a) Corporate separateness. An FCU and a CUSO must... corporate veil” such as inadequate capitalization, lack of separate corporate identity, common boards of...

  20. 12 CFR 702.1 - Authority, purpose, scope and other supervisory authority.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... to the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund. This part carries out the purpose of prompt...-insured credit unions. This part does not apply to corporate credit unions. Procedures for issuing...

  1. Tracing a Transformation in Industrial Relations. The Case of Xerox Corporation and the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cutcher-Gershenfeld, Joel

    A combination of crises and innovative attempts to manage them that began in 1980 transformed the relationship between Xerox Corporation and the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union, which represents most of Xerox's manufacturing employees. Eight pivotal episodes were largely responsible for the transformation. The first was a joint…

  2. Course on Instruments Updates Teachers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chemical and Engineering News, 1986

    1986-01-01

    Describes a course in chemical instrumentation for high school chemistry teachers, paid for by Union Carbide. Teachers used spectrophotometer, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, atomic absorption spectrograph, gas chromatograph, liquid chromatograph and infrared spectrophotometer. Also describes other teacher education seminars. (JM)

  3. 12 CFR 725.1 - Scope.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION CENTRAL LIQUIDITY FACILITY § 725.1 Scope. This part contains the regulations implementing the National Credit Union Central Liquidity Facility Act, subchapter III of the Federal Credit Union Act. The National Credit Union Administration Central Liquidity Facility is a mixed-ownership Government corporation...

  4. Personal Value Systems of Union Leaders and Corporate Managers: A Comparative Study.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    LABOR UNIONS, LEADERSHIP ), (*SUPERVISORS, BEHAVIOR), (*PERFORMANCE(HUMAN), ANALOG SYSTEMS), MATHEMATICAL MODELS, CORRELATION TECHNIQUES, ATTITUDES(PSYCHOLOGY), PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS, PROBABILITY, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

  5. Business, Industry and Labor. Grade Twelve, Unit Three, 12.3. Comprehensive Social Studies Curriculum for the Inner City.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Remias, John

    The third unit of grade 12 of the FICSS series (Focus on Inner City Social Studies -- see SO 008 271) examines the role of business, industry, and labor and how they interact with the government and the military. The unit deals with the concepts of power theory, corporation, corporate power, unions, union power, and mass society. Power theory…

  6. 12 CFR 704.16 - Contracts/written agreements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Contracts/written agreements. 704.16 Section 704.16 Banks and Banking NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS AFFECTING CREDIT UNIONS CORPORATE CREDIT UNIONS § 704.16 Contracts/written agreements. Services, facilities, personnel, or equipment...

  7. Putting on the green

    EPA Science Inventory

    The green chemistry movement is scrutinized for marks of tangible success in this short perspective. Beginning with the easily identified harm of the Union Carbide Bhopal, India disaster and the concerns of Love Canal site in Niagara Falls, NY the public can begin to more easily ...

  8. 75 FR 73000 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-29

    ... suitable only when it: Is free from bias; Permits reasonably consistent qualitative and quantitative... injections and launched liquidity and share guarantee programs designed to stabilize the corporate system and...

  9. Low-cost Solar Array Project. Feasibility of the Silane Process for Producing Semiconductor-grade Silicon

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1979-01-01

    The feasibility of Union Carbide's silane process for commercial application was established. An integrated process design for an experimental process system development unit and a commercial facility were developed. The corresponding commercial plant economic performance was then estimated.

  10. 12 CFR 708a.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... located. For corporate credit unions, regional director means the director of NCUA's Office of Corporate... officer, a chief financial officer, and any other senior executive officer as defined by the appropriate...

  11. 12 CFR 390.403 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  12. 12 CFR 196.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  13. 12 CFR 26.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  14. 12 CFR 196.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  15. 12 CFR 26.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  16. 12 CFR 26.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  17. 12 CFR 390.403 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  18. 12 CFR 196.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  19. 12 CFR 390.403 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  20. 12 CFR 26.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  1. 12 CFR 563f.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  2. 12 CFR 563f.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  3. 12 CFR 563f.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  4. 12 CFR 563f.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    .... 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being... service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services...

  5. The Bhopal Disaster of 1984

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Varma, Roli; Varma, Daya R.

    2005-01-01

    The 20th anniversary of the Bhopal calamity fell on December 3, 2004. The world's worst industrial disaster in Bhopal, India, happened because of inadequate maintenance by Union Carbide and poor monitoring by the Indian authorities. Malfunctioning safety measures, inappropriate location of the plant, and lack of information about the identity and…

  6. Cleaning up Silicon

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2000-01-01

    A development program that started in 1975 between Union Carbide and JPL, led to Advanced Silicon Materials LLC's, formerly ASiMI, commercial process for producing silane in viable quantities. The process was expanded to include the production of high-purity polysilicon for electronic devices. The technology came out of JPL's Low Cost Silicon Array Project.

  7. Union Carbide Corp. polysilicon status and plans

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Leipold, M. H.

    1982-01-01

    The status of polysilicon activities is summarized highlighted by moving the silane portion of the experimental process system development unit (EPSDU) to Washougal, Washington. The completion and operation of the silane EPSDU, is discussed along with research on the silane-to-silicon deposition process. Progress on the dichlorosilane process is also reported.

  8. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Longhouser, G.A. Jr.

    Human beings are diurnal species, normally active by day and asleep by night. Yet over thirty million Americans struggle with work schedules that include an off-normal work effort. The railroads, law enforcement, health services, Department of Defense, factory workers, chemical plants and public services, communications and utility workers must provide some form of around-the-clock effort. Shift work has been around since the advent of recorded history. There has always been a need for some type of off-normal service and assistance. The impact of shift work is replete with tales and factual evidence of an increased personnel error rate; disorders, bothmore » personal and family, and of course, increased accident events. In recent memory, the Three Mile Island Nuclear Plant incident, Union Carbide`s explosion in Bhopal, and the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant catastrophe all occurred during off-normal working hours. Yet management overall has done little to correct the production-driven twelve hour, seven day week shift mentality of the nineteenth century. Most schedules in use today are nothing more than cosmetic variations of the old production schedules. This could be driven by a management consideration of the worker`s response to change coupled with a reluctant buy-in of responsibility for the effects of change. Florida Power Corporation has developed for its nuclear security force, a unique work schedule which attempts to employ the sound principles of circadian rhythms coupled with a comprehensive training program to counter the problems associated with shift work. The results over the last four years have seen a marked reduction in the generic problems of personnel errors, absenteeism, unscheduled overtime and turnover rates. Utilization and understanding of this scheduling process for rotational shift work needs to be assessed to determine if the benefits are site specific or provide an expected response to the problems of shift work.« less

  9. 12 CFR 711.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the United States; (ii) The service would lead to...

  10. 12 CFR 238.94 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ...) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being served by a management official... structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the...

  11. 12 CFR 711.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the United States; (ii) The service would lead to...

  12. 12 CFR 711.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the United States; (ii) The service would lead to...

  13. 12 CFR 212.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... that: (i) The service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in...

  14. 12 CFR 212.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... that: (i) The service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in...

  15. 12 CFR 212.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... that: (i) The service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in...

  16. 12 CFR 711.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the United States; (ii) The service would lead to...

  17. 12 CFR 238.94 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ...) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being served by a management official... structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the...

  18. 12 CFR 212.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... that: (i) The service cannot be structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in...

  19. 12 CFR 238.94 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ...) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union being served by a management official... structured or limited so as to preclude an anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the...

  20. 12 CFR 711.4 - Interlocking relationships permitted by statute.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... U.S.C. 611 et seq., respectively) (Edge Corporations and Agreement Corporations); (c) A credit union... anticompetitive effect in financial services in any part of the United States; (ii) The service would lead to...

  1. 12 CFR 701.33 - Reimbursement, insurance, and indemnification of officials and employees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... relevant provisions of the Model Business Corporation Act. A Federal credit union that elects to provide indemnification shall specify whether it will follow the relevant state law or the Model Business Corporation Act... Business Corporation Act, as specified. A charter or bylaw amendment must be approved by the National...

  2. 12 CFR 701.33 - Reimbursement, insurance, and indemnification of officials and employees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... relevant provisions of the Model Business Corporation Act. A Federal credit union that elects to provide indemnification shall specify whether it will follow the relevant state law or the Model Business Corporation Act... extent such insurance is permitted by the applicable state law or the Model Business Corporation Act. (4...

  3. 26 CFR 1.985-8 - Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... Monetary Union (conversion to euro). 1.985-8 Section 1.985-8 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE... Corporations § 1.985-8 Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro). (a... Community which is substituted for the euro in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European...

  4. 26 CFR 1.985-8 - Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... Monetary Union (conversion to euro). 1.985-8 Section 1.985-8 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE... Corporations § 1.985-8 Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro). (a... Community which is substituted for the euro in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European...

  5. 26 CFR 1.985-8 - Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... Monetary Union (conversion to euro). 1.985-8 Section 1.985-8 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE... Corporations § 1.985-8 Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro). (a... Community which is substituted for the euro in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European...

  6. 26 CFR 1.985-8 - Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... Monetary Union (conversion to euro). 1.985-8 Section 1.985-8 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE... Corporations § 1.985-8 Special rules applicable to the European Monetary Union (conversion to euro). (a... Community which is substituted for the euro in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European...

  7. Silicon Carbide Monofilament Reinforced Titanium Composites For Space Structures: A New Material Option

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kyle-Henney, Stephen; Flitcroft, Stephen; Shatwell, Robert; Gibbon, David; Voss, Gary; Harkness, Patrick

    2012-07-01

    Silicon carbide fibre reinforced titanium composite material has been in development since the 1980s initially for high temperature structures on hypersonic vehicles (HOTOL, NASP). Since then development has focused on military and civil aircraft. Development in the European Union has reached a level of maturity where it is again being considered for space applications. Current activities include pressure vessels and studies for launch vehicles and satellite applications. The paper provides background to the technology key performance characteristics current application work and future activities. The renewed interest in hypersonic vehicles has also picked up on the potential for lightweight metallic composites.

  8. Design guidelines for wind-resistant structures

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    McDonald, J.R.; Mehta, K.C.; Minor, J.E.

    1975-06-01

    The purpose of this document is to prescribe criteria and to provide guidance for professional personnel who are involved in the design and evaluation of buildings and structures to resist tornadoes and extreme winds at the Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Portsmouth, Ohio, and Paducah, Kentucky, Plant Sites. The scope of the document covers loads due to extreme winds and tornadoes. Other loading conditions such as dead, live, or earthquake loads shall be considered as prescribed by the Union Carbide Corporation. In Section II the method for determining the maximum design windspeed for any specified level of risk is described. The straightmore » wind and tornado parameters are then deduced from the value of maximum design windspeed. The three types of tornado and extreme wind loads (aerodynamic, atmospheric pressure change and missiles) are treated in Sections III, IV, and V, respectively. Appropriate load combinations are defined in Section VI. The final section contains several examples showing how the design guidelines are used to determine appropriate design wind pressures. A description of the computer program used to predict missile accelerations, velocities and trajectories is contained in Appendix A. Additional design examples are provided in Appendix B.« less

  9. Corporate Initiatives for Working Parents in New York City: A Ten-Industry Review.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Anderson, Kristin

    A study was conducted to ascertain from employers how they experience the economic and social pressures that lead some companies to provide child care assistance. Eighty corporations and five unions, having from below 250 to over 3,000 employees, were selected to report on prevailing corporate attitudes and practices concerning employee child care…

  10. The Revolution Is Over, Long Live the Revolution!

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Venning, Philip

    1978-01-01

    A look at the history, hopes, and aspirations of the combative pupils' union, the National Union of School Students, as it emerges from a period of radical revisionism to concentrate on more practical issues, such as corporal punishment. (Author/SJL)

  11. Near East/South Asia Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-10-27

    MAN), Siemens and Kraftwerk Union (KIW), all of West Germany; South Korea’s Samsung Corporation; Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Marubeni...Gruppo Industrie Elettro~ meccaniche per Impianti all’Estero (GIE), and Switzerland’s BBC Brown. Boveri & Company, Kraftwerk Union and Siemens, both

  12. 12 CFR 704.14 - Representation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... national credit union trade associations. (c) Representatives of organizational members. (1) An organizational member of a corporate credit union is a member that is not a natural person. An organizational... the member. No individual may serve as the representative of more than one organizational member in...

  13. 31 CFR 306.45 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of... certifying individual's presence after he or she has established the identity of the person seeking the... prescribed in procedures established by the Department. (4) Officers and employees of corporate central...

  14. 31 CFR 306.45 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of... certifying individual's presence after he or she has established the identity of the person seeking the... prescribed in procedures established by the Department. (4) Officers and employees of corporate central...

  15. 31 CFR 306.45 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of... certifying individual's presence after he or she has established the identity of the person seeking the... prescribed in procedures established by the Department. (4) Officers and employees of corporate central...

  16. 31 CFR 306.45 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of... certifying individual's presence after he or she has established the identity of the person seeking the... prescribed in procedures established by the Department. (4) Officers and employees of corporate central...

  17. High Temperature Bonding Techniques for Solar Cell Array

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-11-01

    Kedaya, E. , Kawakami, J. K., Kopf, P. W. , Kwiatkowski, G. T., McNeil, D. W. , and Tulis , R. W., "Union Carbide Rept. " UCRI-735 (30 July 1973...6. Peters, E. N., Kedaya, E., Kawakami, J. K. , Kwiatkowski, G. T. , McNeil, D. W., and Tulis , R. W., Rubber Chem. and Technol. 48 (1), 14-18 (1975

  18. 75 FR 75648 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-06

    ... Board, National Credit Union Administration, 1775 Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314- 3428. Hand... library at 1775 Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, by appointment weekdays between 9 a.m. and 3 p.m... Attorney, Office of General Counsel; and Lisa Henderson, Staff Attorney, Office of General Counsel, at the...

  19. Socioeconomic Status and Unionization Attitudes in the United States.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Cornfield, Daniel B.; Kim, Hyunhee

    1994-01-01

    Survey responses from a national sample of 1,195 nonunion, nonfarm workers suggest that corporations legitimize themselves by appealing to occupational identities of high-status workers, whereas unions legitimize themselves by appealing to social background identities (ethnic, racial, and gender identities) of low-status workers. Prounion…

  20. 75 FR 15738 - Investigations Regarding Certifications of Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-30

    ..., Inc. Exton, PA 03/01/10 02/01/10 (Union). 73589 Chrysler Corporation (Wkrs). Fenton, MO 03/01/10 02/01... (Union)...... Fenton, MO 03/02/10 02/25/10 73592 Schneider Electric (Wrks)... Columbia, MO 03/02/10 03/01...

  1. 55. Photograph of Original Plan (original plans in the possession ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    55. Photograph of Original Plan (original plans in the possession of the Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal Corporation) BAGGAGE AND EXPRESS UNITY, STREET LEVEL FLOOR PLAN, SECTION III - Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal, Tracks & Shed, 800 North Alameda Street, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, CA

  2. 12 CFR 704.6 - Credit risk management.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Credit risk management. 704.6 Section 704.6... CREDIT UNIONS § 704.6 Credit risk management. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to a credit risk management policy that is commensurate with the investment risks and activities...

  3. Hazardous Waste Cleanup: Aristech Chemical Corporation in Linden, New Jersey

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The Former Aristech Chemical Corporation (Aristech) Site comprises about 3.25 acres and is located on Block 423 Lots 18, 19, 20, and 21 at 1711 West Elizabeth Avenue, Linden, Union County, New Jersey. The site is zoned as industrial and is bordered by

  4. 12 CFR 704.10 - Investment action plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment action plan. 704.10 Section 704.10... CREDIT UNIONS § 704.10 Investment action plan. (a) Any corporate credit union in possession of an investment, including a derivative, that fails to meet a requirement of this part must, within 30 calendar...

  5. 12 CFR 704.10 - Investment action plan.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Investment action plan. 704.10 Section 704.10... CREDIT UNIONS § 704.10 Investment action plan. (a) Any corporate credit union in possession of an investment, including a derivative, that fails to meet a requirement of this part must, within 30 calendar...

  6. 12 CFR 703.6 - Credit analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Credit analysis. 703.6 Section 703.6 Banks and... ACTIVITIES § 703.6 Credit analysis. A Federal credit union must conduct and document a credit analysis on an... Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. A Federal credit union must update this analysis at least annually...

  7. 12 CFR 703.6 - Credit analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Credit analysis. 703.6 Section 703.6 Banks and... ACTIVITIES § 703.6 Credit analysis. A Federal credit union must conduct and document a credit analysis on an... Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. A Federal credit union must update this analysis at least annually...

  8. 76 FR 54991 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-06

    ... believes the credit risk of carrying this asset is negligible and warrants such treatment, as CLF stock is... credit union excludes the consolidated assets of such programs from risk-weighted assets pursuant to... paragraphs (c)(3) and (f)(4) and adding new p(h) to read as follows: Sec. 704.6 Credit risk management...

  9. The Professional Educator: Union Strong before and after the Storm

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Capo, Zeph

    2018-01-01

    It's no secret that organized labor and public education face a time of great uncertainty. Our country's current president and secretary of education, according to this author, have made clear their intent to support corporate greed at the expense of working people and their unions and to champion privatization schemes that undermine public…

  10. 76 FR 11164 - Removing References to Credit Ratings in Regulations; Proposing Alternatives to the Use of Credit...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-01

    ... of the regulations governing the investment activities of natural person Federal credit unions (FCUs..., investment activities, and capital risk-weighting of corporate credit unions. 12 CFR part 704. There is also... regulations. For investments, the proposal generally replaces the minimum credit rating requirement with a...

  11. Reframing Service-Learning as Learning and Participation with Urban Youth

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kinloch, Valerie; Nemeth, Emily; Patterson, Ashley

    2015-01-01

    This article describes a critical service-learning project that resulted from an educational partnership among a national teachers' union, a local teachers' union, and a major research university. The partnership-funded by a grant from the Corporation for National and Community Service, Learn and Serve program--focused on professional development…

  12. Sensors Increase Productivity in Harsh Environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    2008-01-01

    California's San Juan Capistrano-based Endevco Corporation licensed three patents covering high-temperature, harsh-environment silicon carbide (Si-C) pressure sensors from Glenn Research Center. The company is exploring their use in government markets, as well as in commercial markets, including commercial jet testing, deep well drilling applications where pressure and temperature increase with drilling depth, and in automobile combustion chambers.

  13. 78 FR 69878 - AT&T Corporation, a Subsidiary of AT&T Inc., Business Billing Customer Care, Pittsburgh...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-21

    ... Workers of America Union, Local 13550, requested administrative reconsideration of the negative determination regarding workers' eligibility to apply for Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) applicable to workers and former workers of AT&T Corporation, a subsidiary of AT&T Inc., Business Billing Customer Care...

  14. 11 CFR 100.5 - Political committee (2 U.S.C. 431 (4), (5), (6)).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ...— (i) A single corporation and/or its subsidiaries; (ii) A single national or international union and... international unions and/or all its State and local central bodies; (iv) A membership organization, (other than... person or group of persons. (4)(i) The Commission may examine the relationship between organizations that...

  15. The new union strategy. Turning the community against you.

    PubMed

    Haugh, Richard

    2006-05-01

    They're called corporate campaigns, and unlike traditional union organizing efforts, their aim is to tarnish a hospital's relationship with its community by questioning its mission, tax-exempt status and quality of care. The campaigns can be brutal and relentless, and as hospital executives from Connecticut to California will attest, they can even get personal.

  16. Corporate coalitions and policy making in the European Union: how and why British American Tobacco promoted "Better Regulation".

    PubMed

    Smith, Katherine Elizabeth; Fooks, Gary; Gilmore, Anna B; Collin, Jeff; Weishaar, Heide

    2015-04-01

    Over the past fifteen years, an interconnected set of regulatory reforms, known as Better Regulation, has been adopted across Europe, marking a significant shift in the way that European Union policies are developed. There has been little exploration of the origins of these reforms, which include mandatory ex ante impact assessment. Drawing on documentary and interview data, this article discusses how and why large corporations, notably British American Tobacco (BAT), worked to influence and promote these reforms. Our analysis highlights (1) how policy entrepreneurs with sufficient resources (such as large corporations) can shape the membership and direction of advocacy coalitions; (2) the extent to which "think tanks" may be prepared to lobby on behalf of commercial clients; and (3) why regulated industries (including tobacco) may favor the use of "evidence tools," such as impact assessments, in policy making. We argue that a key aspect of BAT's ability to shape regulatory reform involved the deliberate construction of a vaguely defined idea that could be strategically adapted to appeal to diverse constituencies. We discuss the theoretical implications of this finding for the Advocacy Coalition Framework, as well as the practical implications of the findings for efforts to promote transparency and public health in the European Union. Copyright © 2015 by Duke University Press.

  17. The application of cast SiC/Al to rotary engine components

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Stoller, H. M.; Carluccio, J. R.; Norman, J. P.

    1986-01-01

    A silicon carbide reinforced aluminum (SiC/Al) material fabricated by Dural Aluminum Composites Corporation was tested for various components of rotary engines. Properties investigated included hardness, high temperature strength, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, thermal conductivity, and expansion. SiC/Al appears to be a viable candidate for cast rotors, and may be applicable to other components, primarily housings.

  18. Multinational Corporations and British Labour: A Review of Attitudes and Responses.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Gennard, John

    Multinational corporations operating in Great Britain, specifically American industry, are arousing fears on the part of British labor, which can be grouped into these categories: (1) a threat to the job security of union members, (2) a change in the balance of power at the collective bargaining table in favor of the employers, (3) a clash of…

  19. What's a Nice Test Like You Doing in a Place Like This? The edTPA and Corporate Education "Reform"

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Au, Wayne

    2013-01-01

    This author explains why he believes that teacher education is under attack. The same forces that are seeking to dismantle teachers' unions and de-professionalize teaching have their sights set on university-based teacher education programs. After all, logic decrees that if teachers are to blame for educational inequality--as corporate education…

  20. Publications - GMC 50 | Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys

    Science.gov Websites

    DGGS GMC 50 Publication Details Title: Palynological analysis of core chips from the Mobil Oil Corporation Mikkelsen Bay State #13-9-19, Humble Oil East Mikkelsen Bay State #1, Mobil Oil Corporation West Staines St. #18-9-23 and the Exxon Alaska St. A-1 wells Authors: Marshall, Thomas, Union Oil Company of

  1. Southeast Asia Report

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-12-14

    Reception Held (KPL, 23 Nov 84)..U...................... 33 Briefs ............. Delegation to USSR ’ 34 GDR Trade Union Delegation 34...THE EVENING POST, 17 Oct 84) 56 Transnational Union Head Rejects ANZUS (THE NEW ZEALAND HERALD, 17 Oct 84) °’ Daily Welcomes ’Favorable...overall supply and demand , the Australian Wool Cor- poration bought 211,000 bales in the first quarter of the season. Corporation stocks were now 1.5

  2. 111. Photocopied August 1978. FOREBAY AND POWER HOUSE FROM WEST ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    111. Photocopied August 1978. FOREBAY AND POWER HOUSE FROM WEST FOREBAY EMBANKMENT, 1920 OR LATER, NOTICE THAT A GOOD PORTION OF THE GRATING OF THE ICE AND TRASH RACK HAS BEEN REMOVED FOR THE WINTER. ICE TENDED TO FORM ON THE RACK, CLOGGING IT UP AND INHIBITING THE FLOW, THE UNION CARBIDE PLANT IS VISIBLE ON THE FAR RIGHT. (881) - Michigan Lake Superior Power Company, Portage Street, Sault Ste. Marie, Chippewa County, MI

  3. Industrial Hygiene Air Sampling and Bulk Sampling Instructions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-12-01

    registered trademark of Johns - Manville Products Corp., Denver, CO. "Cellosolve is a registered trademark of Union Carbide Corp., 270 Park Ave, New...registered trademark of Johns - Manville Products Corp., Denver, CO. 0 &Florisil is a registered trademark of Floridin Company, ITT System, Pittsburgh, PA. C...Thermosorb is a registered trademark of Johns - Manville Products Corp., Denver, CO. ®XAD-2 is a registered trademark of Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, PA. C

  4. 77 FR 42515 - Sunshine Act Meetings

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-19

    ... Emergency Liquidity. 5. 2012 Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Assessment. 6. Quarterly Insurance Fund Report. 7. Reprogramming of NCUA's Operating Budget for 2012. For Further Information Contact...

  5. Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence and Corporal Punishment Among Former Soviet Union Immigrants in Israel.

    PubMed

    Enosh, Guy; Leshem, Elazar; Buchbinder, Eli

    2016-10-01

    The study regards attitudes of Russian immigrants in Israel toward wife abuse and corporal punishment. The sample consisted of 1,028 participants, based on a multistage cluster sampling. The study used a questionnaire related to immigration, acculturation, and attitudinal issues. The findings indicate a dual-causal model, in which corporal punishment attitudes contribute to wife abuse attitudes and vice versa. However, the effect of attitudes supporting corporal punishment was stronger than the effect of wife abuse attitudes, indicating that the attitudinal system as a precursor of violent behavior is already merging the two types of violence. © The Author(s) 2016.

  6. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    NONE

    The objective of Task 1 is to prepare and evaluate catalysts and to develop efficient reactor systems for the selective conversion of hydrogen-lean synthesis gas to alcohol fuel extender and octane enhancers. Task 1 is subdivided into three separate subtasks: laboratory and equipment setup; catalysis research; and reaction engineering and modeling. Research at West Virginia University (WVU) is focused on molybdenum-based catalysts for higher alcohol synthesis. Parallel research carried out at Union Carbide Corporation (UCC) is focused on transition-metal-oxide catalysts. During this time period, at WVU, we tried several methods to eliminate problems related to condensation of heavier products whenmore » reduced Mo-Ni-K/C materials were used as catalysts. We then resumed our kinetic study on the reduced Mo-Ni-K/C materials were used as catalysts. We then resumed our kinetic study on the reduced Mo-Ni-K/C catalysts. We have also obtained same preliminary results in our attempts to analyze quantitatively the temperature-programmed reduction spectra for C- supported Mo-based catalysts. We have completed the kinetic study for the sulfided Co-K-MoS{sub 2}/C catalyst. We have compared the results of methanol synthesis using the membrane reactor with those using a simple plug-flow reactor. At UCC, the complete characterization of selected catalysts has been completed. The results suggest that catalyst pretreatment under different reducing conditions yield different surface compositions and thus different catalytic reactivities.« less

  7. The Garment Industry Development Corporation: A Case Study of a Sectoral Employment Development Approach. Sectoral Employment Development Learning Project Case Studies Series.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Conway, Maureen

    The Garment Industry Development Corporation (GIDC) was founded in 1984 by a 3-member partnership that included the local union, industry associations, and local government. GIDC's goal was to support New York City's garment industry, which had been steadily losing jobs. GIDC exhibits the following characteristics of sectoral initiatives: it…

  8. Reference Aid: Abbreviations, Acronyms and Special Terms in the Turkish Press of Turkey and the TFSC

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1977-07-18

    Sirketi Cypriot Mines Corporation Kibris Mulkiyeciler Birligi Civil Servants Union of Cyprus Kadikoy Musik Dernegi Kadikoy Music Association (of...8217 Union (Cyprus) Lefkosa Turk Lisesi Musik Toplulugu Nicosia Turkish Lycee Musical Society Liman Harbor, port Libya Insaat ve Yatirim AS Libyan... Music Society KTMK Kaynak Teknigi Turk Mill! Komitesi Yonetmeligi Turkish National Committee for Welding Techniques 77 KTMMOB Kibris Turk Muhendis

  9. Fire Extinguishing Agents for Rocket Fuels

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1951-09-01

    Fl&saable Are© for Mixtures of ’Hydrogen? Carbon Dioxid© and Air - - - - —*_-*.«. r. ----- . Flesnablo Area for Mixtures of...MÜxturesof Ammonia,~ Carbon "- Dioxide"" aad" 25 15 16 Flammable Afea for: Mixtures of Ammonia, Methyl. Bromide aad Air...at 6«,7°C. This compound was Obtained from Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation end was purified by rectification. ^ . ’ ’Ethanol (G2HBOH

  10. 78 FR 43941 - Sunshine Act; Notice of Agency Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-22

    ..., Electronic Filing of Financial Reports. 4. Request from San Francisco FCU to Expand its Community Charter Boundaries. 5. Quarterly Insurance Fund Report. 6. 2013 Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund...

  11. 12 CFR 704.4 - Board responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... requirements. The board of directors of a corporate credit union must ensure: (1) Senior managers have an in-depth, working knowledge of their direct areas of responsibility and are capable of identifying, hiring...

  12. 76 FR 52992 - Sunshine Act; Notice of Agency Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-24

    ... Diagonal Road Entrance), Alexandria, VA 22314-3428. STATUS: Open. MATTERS TO BE CONSIDERED: 1. Proposed... Maintenance. 3. Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Assessment. RECESS: 1:45 p.m. TIME AND...

  13. 78 FR 29808 - Petition for Exemption; Summary of Petition Received

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-21

    ... signing the comment for an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's complete... would allow Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation to operate a BE-1900 (a type rated aircraft requiring...

  14. High Performance Composites Based on Polyurethanes Reinforced with Polydiacetylenes

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-04-04

    Mv Niax triol LHT240 (ex. Union Carbide) is a polyoxypropylene adduct of 1,2,6- hexanetriol and after drying by rotary film evaporation had an...hompolyurethane hard segment material, HDD/MDI, which has been quench -cooled from 280 to -1000C: after DSC measurement on the same material giving the...feature in the DSC curves fig 15(c) for HDD/MDI is the development of a glass-transition at 8500 in curve B’ following quench -cooling. The ladder-like, hard

  15. Installation Restoration Program. Phase I. Records Search. Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1982-07-01

    and waste treatment pilot plants . Developed odor control program which suc- cessfully reduced odor emissions and represented Union Carbide at a public...the runway where oil and grease has been detected as well as the discharge from the City of Goldsboro waste- water treatment plant which occurs within...There are no known threatened or en- dangered plant species on base. The only endangered animal species which may potentially inhabit the base is the Red

  16. Molecular and Electronic Structure of Thin Films of Protoporphyrin(IX)Fe(III)C1

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1991-11-10

    Union Carbide). Electrical contact to the back side of the HOPG sample was made with a copper wire and conductive epoxy (Epo-tek H20E, Epoxy Technology...analysis of the contrast in STM images of copper phthalocyanine [641 and by Zheng and Tsong in their analysis of resonant tunneling via tip-localized...Electroanal. Chem. 1980, 110, 369. 71. Makinen, M.W.; Churg A.K. Iron Porphyri ns-P art One; Lever, A.B.P.; Gray, H.B., Eds.; Physical Bioinorganic

  17. Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company, Inc PSD Applicability

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    This document may be of assistance in applying the New Source Review (NSR) air permitting regulations including the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements. This document is part of the NSR Policy and Guidance Database. Some documents in the database are a scanned or retyped version of a paper photocopy of the original. Although we have taken considerable effort to quality assure the documents, some may contain typographical errors. Contact the office that issued the document if you need a copy of the original.

  18. 76 FR 23861 - Corporate Credit Unions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-29

    ... statements, Financial statement audit, Generally accepted auditing standards, Independent public accountant... public accountant undermines the IPA's independence. The Board is delaying the effective date of this ERM... accepted auditing standards, Independent public accountant, Internal control, Internal control framework...

  19. AV-Based Mechanics

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Training in Business and Industry, 1974

    1974-01-01

    An individualized study approach to learning the occupation of sewing machine mechanic was developed by Union Special Corporation. The approach utilizes audiovisual aids to a great extent. The time spent in training has been cut from two years to ten weeks. (AG)

  20. Uranium hydrogeochemical and stream sediment reconnaissance data release for the Red Creek quartzite special study area, Vernal NTMS Quadrangle, Utah/Colorado, including concentrations of forty-six additional elements

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Goff, S.; George, W.E.; Apel, C.T.

    1981-04-01

    Totals of 22 water and 140 sediment samples were collected from 148 locations in the study area. The study area, in the north-central portion of the Vernal NTMS quadrangle, is covered by four 7-1/2' topographic maps: Dutch John, Goslin Mountain, and Clav Basin, Utah; and Willow Creek Butte, Utah/Colorado. Additional HSSR data are available for the entire Vernal quadrangle (Purson, 1980). All field and analytical data are presented in Appendix I. Figure 1 is an index and sample location map that can be used in conjunction with the 1:250,000-scale topographic map of the Vernal quadrangle (USGS, 1954). Standarized field, analytical,more » and data base management procedures were followed in all phases of the study. These procedures are described briefly in Appendix II-A and in reports by Sharp (1977), Hues et al (1977), Sharp and Aamodt (1978), Cheadle (1977), and Kosiewicz (1979). The data presented in Appendix I are available on magnetic tape from GJOIS Project, Union Carbide Corporation (UCC-ND), Computer Applications Department, 4500 North Building, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box X, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830. Because this is simply a data release, intended to make the data available to the DOE and the public as quickly as possible, no discussion of the geology of the region, uranium occurrences, or data evaluation is included.« less

  1. Results of the radiological survey at the Town of Tonawanda Landfill, Tonawanda, New York (TNY001)

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Rodriguez, R.E.; Murray, M.E.; Uziel, M.S.

    At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a team from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducted a radiological survey at the Town of Tonawanda Landfill, Tonawanda, New York. The survey was performed in September 1991. The purpose of the survey was to determine if radioactive materials from work performed under government contract at the Linde Air Products Division of Union Carbide Corporation, Tonawanda, New York, had been deposited in the landfill. The survey included a surface gamma scan and the collection of soil samples for radionuclide analyses. Results of the survey suggest that material originating at the Lindemore » plant may have been deposited in the landfill. Soil samples S54 and B12 contained technologically enhanced levels of [sup 238]U not unlike the product formerly produced by the Linde plant. In contrast, samples B4A, B5A and B7B, containing elevated concentrations of [sup 226]Ra and [sup 230]Th with much lower concentrations of [sup 238]U, were similar to the residue or byproduct of the refinery operation conducted at the Linde plant. In 24 instances, soil samples from the Town of Tonawanda Landfill exceeded DOE guideline values for [sup 238]U, [sup 226]Ra, and/or [sup 230]Th in surface or subsurface soil. Nine of these samples contained radionuclide concentrations more than 30 times the guideline value.« less

  2. Exploring domestic partnership benefits policies in corporate America.

    PubMed

    Davidson, Elizabeth L; Rouse, Joy

    2004-01-01

    This article examines the domestic partner benefits (DP benefits) movement in corporate America, among Fortune 500 companies. An unprecedented number of Fortune 500 corporations started to extend equal benefits to their employees in the late 1990s. One-third of Fortune 500 companies now extend DP benefits to their gay employees despite national refusal to legally recognize same-sex unions. We provide a macro analysis of the 2002 Fortune 500 companies to explore the characteristics of the corporations that offer the benefits and the impetus for adopting these new gay friendly policies. Findings are that top ranked Fortune 500 and industry leaders act as benchmarkers for the corporate community. Region of the corporate headquarters and commitment to diversity issues also inform these organizational changes. Isomorphisic processes offer viable explanations for the transformation of the corporate climate that touts DP benefit policies as "the right thing to do" and considers these policies as good business sense in order to compete for employees. The DP benefits movement reflects corporate America trying to enhance their reputational capital by including gay issues as part of their diversity programs and policies.

  3. 12 CFR 204.123 - Sale of Federal funds by investment companies or trusts in which the entire beneficial interest...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... the Federal funds or interbank exemption. (b) Title IV of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and... the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Federal Credit Union Act authorizes Federal credit...

  4. 78 FR 69884 - Investigations Regarding Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-21

    ... 10/10/13 (Workers). 83179 Gamesa Technology Trevose & Fairless 10/30/13 10/29/13 Corporation (Union...). 83191 Victor Innovative Textiles, Fall River, MA........ 11/01/13 10/30/13 LLC (Company). [FR Doc. 2013...

  5. 1984 CRC (Coordinating Research Council, Inc.) Octane Number Requirement Rating Workshop.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1985-06-01

    Richard J . Tither Mobil Oil Corporation Sam D. Vallas Amoco Oil Company Douglas A. Voss Chevron Research Company Andy Vukovic Shell Canada Dave G...Instrumentation, * Preparation a Test Fuels: Procurement of Fuels and Cans, and Coordina- tion of On-Site Handling e Data Handling and Analysis j 2 nI |S 0- B-2 V...Doug McCorkell Union Oil Company of California James D. Merritt Amoco Oil Company Michael J . Mlotkowski Mobil Oil Corporation John Pandosh Sun Tech

  6. Improved carbon control in the sintering of structural PM parts

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Nowotarski, M.; Gaines, G.

    1981-12-01

    The use of a nitrogen-methanol atmosphere and a system of control of the atmosphere in furnace zones to provide improved control of carbon in sintering of sprockets are described.A new process has been developed by the Linde Div. of Union Carbide for the sintering of structural PM parts. The process is based on a nitrogen/methanol sintering atmosphere and features superior carbon control (/plus or minus/.03%), elimination of sooting due to lubricant decomposition, and significantly reduced furnace atmosphere gas flows as compared to typical endothermic atmosphere gas consumption.

  7. Development of the silane process for the production of low-cost polysilicon

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Iya, S. K.

    1986-01-01

    It was recognized that the traditional hot rod type deposition process for decomposing silane is energy intensive, and a different approach for converting silane to silicon was chosen. A 1200 metric tons/year capacity commercial plant was constructed in Moses Lake, Washington. A fluidized bed processor was chosen as the most promising technology and several encouraging test runs were conducted. This technology continues to be very promising in producing low cost polysilicon. The Union Carbide silane process and the research development on the fluidized bed silane decomposition are discussed.

  8. OSA Proceedings of the Topical Meeting on Soft-X-Ray Projection Lithography Held in Monterey, California on 10-12 April 1991. Volume 12

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1992-05-22

    Carbide because of its high thermal the mirror on its backside or edge. Shott Zerodur conductivity. Edge cooling causes a larger exceeded the limit by about...Characterization Angstrom-level noncontact profiling of mirrors for soft x-ray lithography............ 134 Paul Glenn Nonspecular Scattering from X-Ray...structed by patterning a Mo/Si Tropel Division of GCA Corporation. multilayer coated silicon wafer. The mirrors were coated at AT&T Bell The multilayer

  9. 12 CFR 1263.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Corporation, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, National Credit Union Administration, Office of... FHFA regulations. Combination business or farm property means real property for which the total... institution following the guidelines of the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System (issued by the...

  10. 12 CFR 1263.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Corporation, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, National Credit Union Administration, Office of... FHFA regulations. Combination business or farm property means real property for which the total... institution following the guidelines of the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System (issued by the...

  11. 12 CFR 1263.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Corporation, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, National Credit Union Administration, Office of...(a)(4)(A)(ii)) and applicable FHFA regulations. Combination business or farm property means real... an institution following the guidelines of the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System (issued...

  12. 12 CFR 1263.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Corporation, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, National Credit Union Administration, Office of... FHFA regulations. Combination business or farm property means real property for which the total... institution following the guidelines of the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System (issued by the...

  13. The Twilight of Informal Faculty Personnel Procedures.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kemerer, Frank R.; And Others

    1981-01-01

    The administration of higher education is increasingly taking on the characteristics of corporate management. Personnel decision making has become more formal and centralized. The shift to more policy-dictated personnel practices is occurrring on both nonunionized and unionized campuses. (Author/MLW)

  14. 12 CFR 704.12 - Permissible services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... corporate credit union or its members. (2) Credit and investment services. Credit and investment services are advisory and consulting activities that assist the member in lending or investment management. These services may include loan reviews, investment portfolio reviews and investment advisory services...

  15. 78 FR 39779 - Investigations Regarding Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-02

    .../12/13 06/11/13 (Workers). 82805 Citigroup Realty Services/ New York, NY 06/12/13 06/11/13 Finance......... 06/12/13 06/11/13 Corporate Claims Support Unit (State/One-Stop). 82807 GM Powertrain (Union...

  16. 31 CFR 363.43 - What are the procedures for certifying my signature on an offline application for a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Program. (3) Officers and employees of corporate central credit unions, Federal Land Banks, Federal...) The certifying individual must first establish the identity of the signer. (2) The form must be signed...

  17. 31 CFR 363.43 - What are the procedures for certifying my signature on an offline application for a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Program. (3) Officers and employees of corporate central credit unions, Federal Land Banks, Federal...) The certifying individual must first establish the identity of the signer. (2) The form must be signed...

  18. 31 CFR 363.43 - What are the procedures for certifying my signature on an offline application for a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Program. (3) Officers and employees of corporate central credit unions, Federal Land Banks, Federal...) The certifying individual must first establish the identity of the signer. (2) The form must be signed...

  19. 31 CFR 363.43 - What are the procedures for certifying my signature on an offline application for a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Program. (3) Officers and employees of corporate central credit unions, Federal Land Banks, Federal...) The certifying individual must first establish the identity of the signer. (2) The form must be signed...

  20. 77 FR 31646 - Investigations Regarding Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-05-29

    ... 04/30/12 (G.P) (Union). 81593 Bank of America Merrill Jacksonville, FL...... 05/09/12 05/08/12 Lynch (State/One-Stop). 81594 Catalina Marketing Saint Petersburg, FL.. 05/09/12 05/08/12 Corporation, Customer...

  1. What can the World Health Organization learn from EU lessons in civil society engagement and participation for health?

    PubMed

    Battams, Samantha

    2014-01-01

    This article explores challenges for and the development of civil society engagement and stakeholder representation, transparency, and accountability measures in the European Union, with a specific focus on health policy. The stance of the European Union on stakeholder participation within reform debates of the World Health Organization (WHO) is also considered, along with EU lessons for multi-stakeholders at the WHO. The European Commission has developed a number of measures for stakeholder engagement and transparency; however, the European Union has been prone to lobbying interests and has found difficulty in leading and making accountable the private sector when it comes to achieving its own health policy goals. The strong influence of corporate lobbyists on the European Union has come to light, with concerns about a lack of transparency and accountability in decision-making processes. While the WHO could learn from the European Union in terms of its strategies for stakeholder engagement, it could also heed some of the important lessons for the European Union when it comes to working with a broad range of stakeholders.

  2. Labor unions in medicine: the intersection of patient advocacy and self-advocacy.

    PubMed

    Manthous, Constantine A

    2014-05-01

    Labor unions have been a weak force in the medical marketplace. To briefly review the history of physicians' and nurses' labor unions, explore the ethics of unions in medicine, and offer a solution that simultaneously serves patients and professionals. A selective review of the literature. Labor unions of medical professionals pose an ethical quandary, that is a tension between selfless patient advocacy versus self-advocacy. The primary role of labor unions has been to extract from management benefits for employees. The threat of work actions is the primary tool that labor unions can apply to encourage management to negotiate mutually acceptable conditions of employment. Work actions-namely slow-downs and strikes-may harm patients and may therefore run afoul of professionals' primary duty to the primacy of patients' welfare. An alternative model is offered wherein medical unions align self-centered and patient-centered interests and leverage the Public Good, in the form of public opinion, to encourage good-faith bargaining with management. As medicine becomes increasingly corporatized, physicians will join nurses in "at-will employment" arrangements whereby self-advocacy and patient advocacy may be impacted. Although labor unions have been a means of counterbalancing unchecked discretion of corporate management, conventional labor unions may run afoul of medical ethical principles. Reconsideration and innovation, to address this ethical dilemma, could provide a solution that aligns both clinicians' and patients' welfare.

  3. 31 CFR 357.31 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certifying individuals. 357.31 Section 357.31 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL... institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of Treasury-recognized...

  4. Hazardous Waste Cleanup: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corporation in Linden Cities, New Jersey

    EPA Pesticide Factsheets

    The Merck facility is located at 126 East Lincoln Avenue in Rahway and Linden Cities, Union County, New Jersey on 210 acres. The facility is bordered by residential and industrial areas. The company develops and produces pharmaceutical products.

  5. 76 FR 73685 - Investigations Regarding Certifications of Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-29

    ... Corporation Wake Forest, NC....... 11/09/11 11/08/11 (Company). 81070 Commercial Vehicle Group Tellico Plains... Bellevue, OH 10/31/11 10/28/11 (Union). 81034 Roseburg Forest Prod.-- Louisville, MS........ 10/31/11 10/28...

  6. Phased Retirement: The European Experience.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Swank, Constance

    This report provides United States corporate and union policymakers with practical information on one alternative work pattern for older employees--phased retirement--from European colleagues who already have implemented or negotiated specific phasing programs. An introduction provides details on the collection of information from companies in…

  7. Federal Election Commission.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Elliot, Lee Ann

    1996-01-01

    Presents a concise overview of the responsibilities, membership, structure, and requirements of the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Created in 1974, the FEC oversees the financial activities of candidates and political parties. Discusses corporate and union political action committees (PACs) as well as contribution limits and prohibitions. (MJP)

  8. The Terrain of Postsecondary Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Hodgkinson, Virginia A., Ed.; And Others

    The current state of postsecondary education is reviewed for the following sectors: undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools; proprietary and vocational schools; corporate education and training; labor and union education programs; and the educational efforts of the federal government. Population trends and the effects of ethnicity,…

  9. Twenty-Two Good Educational Practices.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Mark, Jorie Lester

    1989-01-01

    Twenty-two educational practices are drawn from nine settings: K-12, vocational and continuing education, proprietary schools, military training, corporate training, union-sponsored programs, second-chance training, job training, and adult education. They are categorized as process-type practices, techniques, and physical teaching props. (SK)

  10. Foreign Assistance: Enterprise Funds’ Contributions to Private Sector Development Vary.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1999-09-01

    private sector development in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe as they transition from centrally planned to market-oriented economies. The funds, which are private, nonprofit U.S. corporations, are supposed to make loans to, or investments in, small- and medium-sized businesses in which other financial institutions are reluctant to invest. With the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, enterprise funds were subsequently established in the newly independent states. Currently, 10 funds operate in Central Europe and the former Soviet Union, covering 19

  11. Corporate coalitions and policymaking in the European Union: How and why British American Tobacco promoted ‘Better Regulation’

    PubMed Central

    Smith, Katherine E.; Fooks, Gary; Gilmore, Anna B.; Collin, Jeff; Weishaar, Heide

    2015-01-01

    Over the past fifteen years, an inter-connected set of regulatory reforms, known as Better Regulation, has been adopted across Europe, marking a significant shift in the way European Union (EU) policies are developed. There has been little exploration of the origins of these reforms, which include mandatory ex-ante impact assessment. Drawing on documentary and interview data, this paper discusses how and why large corporations, notably British American Tobacco (BAT), worked to influence and promote these reforms. Our analysis highlights: (i) how policy entrepreneurs with sufficient resources (such as large corporations) can shape the membership and direction of advocacy coalitions; (ii) the extent to which ‘think tanks’ may be prepared to lobby on behalf of commercial clients; and (iii) why regulated industries (including tobacco) may favour the use of ‘evidence-tools’, such as impact assessments, in policymaking. We argue a key aspect of BAT’s ability to shape regulatory reform involved the deliberate construction of a vaguely defined idea that could be strategically adapted to appeal to diverse constituencies. We discuss the theoretical implications of this finding for the ‘Advocacy Coalition Framework’, as well as the practical implications of the findings for efforts to promote ‘transparency’ and public health in the EU. PMID:25646389

  12. 31 CFR 306.45 - Certifying individuals.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certifying individuals. 306.45 Section 306.45 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) FISCAL... employees of depository institutions, corporate central credit unions, and institutions that are members of...

  13. The categorisation of brands: The case of P&G™ branding strategy.

    PubMed

    Puente-Díaz, Rogelio; Cavazos-Arroyo, Judith

    2017-06-01

    In 2 studies, we tested what we considered to be the core of Procter and Gamble™ (P&G™) latest branding strategy: making the association between its corporate brand and its product brands explicit. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the conditions: explicit association between P&G™ and one of its product brands and a control condition. Results from Study 1 showed a positive influence of the corporate brand on judgements of brand quality for Crest™. Similarly, results from Study 2 showed a positive influence of the corporate brand on judgements of brand quality and trust for Oral-B™. From a multidisciplinary perspective, we discussed the theoretical and applied implications of our results. © 2015 International Union of Psychological Science.

  14. 12 CFR 704.5 - Investments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investments. 704.5 Section 704.5 Banks and... § 704.5 Investments. (a) Policies. A corporate credit union must operate according to an investment... must address, at a minimum: (1) Appropriate tests and criteria for evaluating investments and...

  15. 16. Photocopy of photograph (From Bethlehem Shipbuilding Ltd., New York, ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    16. Photocopy of photograph (From Bethlehem Shipbuilding Ltd., New York, New York, 1919) COMPOSITE VIEW OF THE LAUNCHING OF THE 'INVINCIBLE' FROM THE ALAMEDA WORKS OF THE BETHLEHEM SHIPBUILDING CORPORATION, LTD. - Union Iron Works Turbine Machine Shop, 2200 Webster Street, Alameda, Alameda County, CA

  16. An Employee Assistance Curriculum: The Ultimate Collaborative Function.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Epstein, Howard V.; Perryman, William J.

    Employees who abuse alcohol and drugs experience lost efficiency, absenteeism, poor decision making, and accidents. The economic losses to employers resulting from such abuse and the belief that employers should help employees with personal problems have stimulated corporations and unions to develop employee assistance programs (EAPs). These…

  17. 76 FR 77268 - Sunshine Act; Notice of Agency Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-12

    ... Regulations, Corporate Credit Unions. 2. NCUA Strategic Plan 2011-2014. 3. NCUA Annual Performance Budget 2012... Participations. 8. Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Part 741 of NCUA's Rules and Regulations, Maintaining Access to Emergency Liquidity. 9. 2012 Budget for NCUA Guaranteed Note Securities Management and...

  18. More Myths of Migration.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Basch, Linda; Lerner, Gail

    1986-01-01

    Challenges "myths" about women and migration, including (1) the causes of migration are economic, not racism; (2) migrant women receive support from feminist groups and trade unions; (3) transnational corporations are positive forces in developing nations; (4) migration today has little impact on family life; and (5) most migrants cluster in…

  19. Electrochemical testing of industrially produced PEO-based polymer electrolytes

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Appetecchi, G. B.; Alessandrini, F.; Duan, R. G.; Arzu, A.; Passerini, S.

    The present report describes the results of the electrochemical tests performed on polyethyleneoxide-based polymer electrolyte thin films industrially manufactured by blown-extrusion. The polymer electrolyte composition was PEO 20 LiCF 3SO 3: 16.7% γLiAlO 2. The polymer electrolyte film was tested to evaluate the ionic conductivity as well as the interfacial properties with lithium metal anodes. The work was developed within the advanced lithium polymer electrolyte (ALPE) project, an Italian project devoted to the realization of lithium polymer batteries for electric vehicle applications, in collaboration with Union Carbide.

  20. 12 CFR Appendix C to Part 704 - Risk-Based Capital Credit Risk-Weight Categories

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... corporate credit union must compute its risk-weighted assets for purposes of determining its capital ratios.... Depository institution means a financial institution that engages in the business of providing financial... substitute. Direct credit substitutes include: (1) Financial standby letters of credit that support financial...

  1. Projects With Industry: A Partnership with Promise.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Workplace Education, 1983

    1983-01-01

    Projects with Industry is a national network of more than 5,000 private corporations, trade associations, labor unions, rehabilitation facilities, and small businesses that are bringing to the field of rehabilitation a whole new set of operating rules based on business technology and marketing techniques. (Available from W. C. Publications Inc.,…

  2. The New World of Campaign Finance

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Williams, Charles F.

    2010-01-01

    Federal law had long prohibited corporations and unions from using general treasury funds to make either direct contributions to candidates or independent expenditures that expressly advocate the election or defeat of a candidate. It didn't matter where the ads appeared--print, online, or TV. The rationale for these restrictions was plain:…

  3. 76 FR 10345 - Combined Notice of Filings #1

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-24

    ... that the Commission received the following electric corporate filings: Docket Numbers: EC11-44-000. Applicants: Entegra Power, Gila River Power, L.P., Union Power Partners, L.P., Entegra Power Services LLC... Section 203 of The Federal Power Act, and Request for Waiver. Filed Date: 02/15/2011. Accession Number...

  4. Norms Governing Corporate Behavior: An Alternative to Markets and to Administration.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Moch, Michael K.; Seashore, Stanley

    Changes in production systems have altered the interdependence between workers and management. New patterns of interdependence brought new responses, e.g., workers formed unions, and management turned to the human relations movement to secure voluntary employee cooperation. When voluntary compliance proved inadequate, collective bargaining and…

  5. 12 CFR 706.5 - State exemptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... between a consumer and a federal credit union. Person means an individual, corporation, or other business... balances on a consumer credit card account based on balances for days in billing cycles that precede the most recent billing cycle as a result of the loss of any time period provided by the federal credit...

  6. 77 FR 49046 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-15

    ... (``maker/taker fees and rebates'') in 101 options classes (the ``Select Symbols'').\\3\\ The Exchange also... Symbols''). \\3\\ Options classes subject to maker/taker fees and rebates are identified by their ticker.... (``PEP''), SandRidge Energy, Inc. (``SD''), Union Pacific Corporation (``UNP''), United Technologies...

  7. 12 CFR 704.3 - Corporate credit union capital.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... strategies which provide for the building of capital consistent with regulatory requirements, the maintenance... remains in effect. (8) Adjusted balance accounts: (i) May be adjusted no more frequently than once every... governed by the regulation in effect at the time the paid-in capital was issued. When a grandfathered paid...

  8. Labor-Management Cooperation in Illinois: How a Joint Union Company Team Is Improving Facility Safety.

    PubMed

    Mahan, Bruce; Maclin, Reggie; Ruttenberg, Ruth; Mundy, Keith; Frazee, Tom; Schwartzkopf, Randy; Morawetz, John

    2018-01-01

    This study of Afton Chemical Corporation's Sauget facility and its International Chemical Workers Union Council (ICWUC) Local 871C demonstrates how significant safety improvements can be made when committed leadership from both management and union work together, build trust, train the entire work force in U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration 10-hour classes, and communicate with their work force, both salaried and hourly. A key finding is that listening to the workers closest to production can lead to solutions, many of them more cost-efficient than top-down decision-making. Another is that making safety and health an authentic value is hard work, requiring time, money, and commitment. Third, union and management must both have leadership willing to take chances and learn to trust one another. Fourth, training must be for everyone and ongoing. Finally, health and safety improvements require dedicated funding. The result was resolution of more than one hundred safety concerns and an ongoing institutionalized process for continuing improvement.

  9. Moving East: how the transnational tobacco industry gained entry to the emerging markets of the former Soviet Union-part I: establishing cigarette imports.

    PubMed

    Gilmore, A B; McKee, M

    2004-06-01

    To identify British American Tobacco's (BAT) reasons for targeting the former Soviet Union following its collapse in 1991 and the initial strategies BAT used to enter the region. Analysis of tobacco industry documents held at the Guildford BAT archive. Desire to expand to new markets was based in part on the decline in old markets. The large population, proximity to China, scope to expand sales to women and, in Central Asia, a young population with high growth rates made the former Soviet Union particularly attractive. High consumption rates and unfilled demand caused by previous shortages offered potential for rapid returns on investment. A series of steps were taken to penetrate the markets with the initial focus on establishing imports. The documents suggest that BAT encouraged the use of aid money and barter trade to fund imports and directed the smuggling of cigarettes which graduated from an opportunistic strategy to a highly organised operation. In establishing a market presence, promotion of BAT's brands and corporate image were paramount, and used synonymously to promote both the cigarettes and the company. The tobacco industry targeted young people and women. It used the allure of western products to promote its brands and brand stretching and corporate imagery to pre-empt future marketing restrictions. BAT used the chaotic conditions in the immediate post-transition period in the former Soviet Union to exploit legislative loopholes and ensure illegal cigarette imports. Governments of countries targeted by the tobacco industry need to be aware of industry tactics and develop adequate tobacco control policies in order to prevent the exploitation of vulnerable populations. Marketing restrictions that focus on advertising without restricting the use of brand or company promotions will have a limited impact.

  10. Taking Teacher Quality Seriously: A Collaborative Approach to Teacher Evaluation

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Karp, Stan

    2012-01-01

    If narrow, test-based evaluation of teachers is unfair, unreliable, and has negative effects on kids, classrooms, and curricula, what's a better approach? By demonizing teachers and unions, and sharply polarizing the education debate, the corporate reform movement has actually undermined serious efforts to improve teacher quality and evaluation.…

  11. Why Americans Love to Reform the Public Schools

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Reese, William J.

    2004-01-01

    Americans from all walks of life espouse the cause of school reform. The past generation has witnessed the rise of education governors and education presidents. The CEO's of major corporations, big-city mayors, private sector entrepreneurs, inner city parents, the heads of teachers' unions, and every politician under the sun have often found the…

  12. Couple Relationship Status and Patterns in Early Parenting Practices

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Guzzo, Karen Benjamin; Lee, Helen

    2008-01-01

    Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,003), we examine the role of parental relationship status at birth on maternal adherence to current recommendations regarding breastfeeding, corporal punishment, and well-child visits. At the bivariate level, parents' union status is almost linearly related to adherence to…

  13. A Study of Alternatives in American Education, Vol. IV: Family Choice in Schooling.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bridge, R. Gary; Blackman, Julie

    Originating in the Rand Corporation's evaluation of the voucher demonstration project in the Alum Rock Union School District (California), this study of family choice in schooling focuses on these questions: Are parents motivated and competent to make intelligent choices among competing educational alternatives? What kinds of schools do parents…

  14. The toxicologic effects of the carbamate insecticide aldicarb in mammals: a review.

    PubMed Central

    Risher, J F; Mink, F L; Stara, J F

    1987-01-01

    Aldicarb, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde-O-methylcarbamoyloxime, is an oxime carbamate insecticide manufactured by the Union Carbide Corporation and sold under the trade name Temik. It is a soil-applied systemic pesticide used against certain insects, mites, and nematodes, and is applied below the soil surface for absorption by plant roots. It is generally applied to the soil in the form of 5, 10, or 15% granules, and soil moisture is essential for the release of the toxicant. Uptake by plants is rapid. Aldicarb is currently registered for use on cotton, sugar beets, sugar cane (Louisiana only), potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts, oranges, pecans (Southeast only), dry beans, soybeans, and ornamental plants. Home and garden use is not permitted. Discovery of aldicarb and its oxidative sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites in well or ground water in Florida, Wisconsin, and New York, and accidental poisonings from ingesting contaminated watermelons and cucumbers in the South and West have spurred interest and concern about this pesticide. The primary mechanism of toxic action of aldicarb is cholinesterase inhibition. However, unlike the relatively irreversible anticholinesterase activity of the organophosphate pesticides, the carbamylation process which produces the anti-AChE action is quickly reversible. Aldicarb is readily absorbed through both the gut and the skin, but is rapidly metabolized and excreted in the urine almost completely within 24 hr. Although it is acutely toxic to humans and laboratory animals, aldicarb is not known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, conclusively mutagenic, or to produce other long-term adverse health effects. In cases of accidental poisoning, the cholinergic symptoms have generally subsided within 6 hr, with no side effects or complications. PMID:3304999

  15. Evaluation of RugbySmart: a rugby union community injury prevention programme.

    PubMed

    Gianotti, Simon M; Quarrie, Ken L; Hume, Patria A

    2009-05-01

    RugbySmart, a rugby union injury prevention programme, was launched in New Zealand in 2001. It was compulsory for all coaches and referees to complete RugbySmart requirements annually in order to continue coaching or refereeing. After 5 years of implementation the programme partners, Accident Compensation Corporation and New Zealand Rugby Union, evaluated RugbySmart to determine its effectiveness in reducing injuries. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of RugbySmart on reducing injury rates per 100,000 players and resulting injury prevention behaviours. The RugbySmart programme was associated with a decrease in injury claims per 100,000 players in most areas the programme targeted; the programme had negligible impact on non-targeted injury sites. The decrease in injury claims numbers was supported by results from the player behaviour surveys pre- and post-RugbySmart. There was an increase in safe behaviour in the contact situations of tackle, scrum and ruck technique.

  16. To amend title 40, United States Code, to direct the Inspector General of the Department of Transportation to conduct an annual independent financial audit of the Union Station Redevelopment Corporation, and for other purposes.

    THOMAS, 112th Congress

    Rep. Norton, Eleanor Holmes [D-DC-At Large

    2011-07-28

    House - 07/29/2011 Referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

  17. Open Secrets: Using the Internet to Learn about the Influence of Money in Politics

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Scheuerell, Scott K.

    2008-01-01

    With the 2008 election quickly approaching, candidates continue the scramble to fund their campaigns--collecting money from individuals, corporations, and labor unions. Students can learn a great deal about the political system by examining how politicians are financed. The vast majority of high school students do not understand the influence of…

  18. Exploring Links Between Naval and Civilian Careers: Lateral Transfer and Eight-Year Careers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Thomas, John; And Others

    This report examines two specific feasibility areas: lateral transfer of personnel between the Navy and industry, and short naval careers. During the course of the study, discussions were held with senior representatives of 38 corporations, with labor union officials and with several Navy areas, including the sections of BuPers and the Naval…

  19. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 704 - Model Forms

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Model Forms A Appendix A to Part 704 Banks and... Pt. 704, App. A Appendix A to Part 704—Model Forms This appendix contains sample forms intended for... corporate credit union. (8) Paid-in capital is perpetual maturity and noncumulative dividend. I have read...

  20. 12 CFR Appendix A to Part 704 - Model Forms

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Model Forms A Appendix A to Part 704 Banks and... Pt. 704, App. A Appendix A to Part 704—Model Forms This appendix contains sample forms intended for... corporate credit union. (8) Paid-in capital is perpetual maturity and noncumulative dividend. I have read...

  1. Managing Contradictions from the Middle: A Cultural Historical Activity Theory Investigation of Front-Line Supervisors' Learning Lives

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lord, Ramo J.

    2009-01-01

    This study focused on front-line supervisors in a union shop, steel-production plant and how they learn to successfully negotiate their role with in the corporation's division of labor. Negotiating their role means continued practice in how issues of standpoint, agency, power, oppression, habits, knowledge, related business concerns, mediating…

  2. The Corporate Assault on Higher Education and Union Responses

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Lafer, Gordon

    2017-01-01

    Higher education is under siege by a barrage of policy initiatives that aim to fundamentally transform the academy. The most visible and most sustained assault has come in the form of funding cuts. Nationally, funding for public higher education was 18 percent lower in 2016 than in 2008, amounting to a $10 billion total disinvestment. In many…

  3. 31 CFR 363.43 - What are the procedures for certifying my signature on an offline application for a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What are the procedures for... transaction form? 363.43 Section 363.43 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance... Program. (3) Officers and employees of corporate central credit unions, Federal Land Banks, Federal...

  4. CONFERENCE ON THE CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION OF THE YOUNG WORKER (HARRIMAN, MARCH 11-13, 1966).

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    WESTIN, ALAN F.; AND OTHERS

    FOR THE FIRST TIME, REPRESENTATIVES FROM CORPORATIONS, UNIONS, AND EDUCATION MET TO DISCUSS CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION FOR THE YOUNG WORKER, AT AN ARDEN HOUSE CONFERENCE, WHICH WAS SPONSORED BY THE CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN AMERICAN LIBERTIES AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. AFTER A DISCUSSION OF CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING SOCIETY,…

  5. Employee Educational Programs: Implications for Industry and Higher Education. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Research Report No. 7.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Morse, Susanne W.

    Current types of industry-sponsored educational programs, training facilities, and teaching and evaluation methods are described. The history of education and training within the corporate world and the roles of government and unions are traced. Factors that have limited college and industrial cooperation in employee education are also identified.…

  6. Health Insurance for Public School Teachers in Wisconsin: A Good Value for Taxpayers or a Case of Market Abuse?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Browne, Mark; Leetch, Linda

    2000-01-01

    A study examined one state's suggestion for more cost-effective health insurance for teachers. Health insurance coverage for public school teachers in Wisconsin is determined through a collective-bargaining process. The Wisconsin Education Association (WEA) Insurance Corporation is affiliated with the states largest teachers' union and provides…

  7. North Carolina's Flexible Charter School Law: Is Too Much Flexibility Good for Charter Schools?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brown, Frank

    1999-01-01

    North Carolina charter schools are operated by private, nonprofit corporations with federal, tax-exempt status and multicharter licenses. The application process is easy, the political climate under Governor Jim Hunt is progressive, and public employees are not unionized. On balance, the system seems both flexible and accountable to taxpayers.…

  8. The Decline of Industrial Unionism in the Meatpacking Industry: Event-Structure Analyses of Labor Unrest, 1946-1987.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Brueggemann, John; Brown, Cliff

    2003-01-01

    A study of the United Packinghouse Workers of America compared the postwar years and the Reagan era. Using event-structure analysis, the development of new corporate strategies (new technologies, production reorganization, cheap nonunion labor) fundamentally transformed the capital-labor relationship and led to the collapse of industrial unionism…

  9. Advanced Thermal Batteries.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-06-01

    ADVANCED THERMAL BATTERIES NATIONAL UNION ELECTRIC CORPORATION ADVANCE SCIENCE DIVISION 1201 E. BELL STREET BLXXMINGTON, ILLINOIS 61701 JUNE 1981...December 1978 in: " Advanced Thermal Batteries " AFAPL-TR-78-114 Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories Air Force...March 1980 in: " Advanced Thermal Batteries " AFAPL-TR-80-2017 Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories Air Force

  10. The Second Annual Report of the Student Loan Marketing Association to the Congress of the United States.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Student Loan Marketing Association, Washington, DC.

    The Student Loan Marketing Association ("Sallie Mae") is a government sponsored, private, for profit corporation, created in June 23, 1972, by the enactment of Section 439 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended. Sallie Mae provides liquidity to commercial banks, savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, credit unions,…

  11. “Working the System”—British American Tobacco's Influence on the European Union Treaty and Its Implications for Policy: An Analysis of Internal Tobacco Industry Documents

    PubMed Central

    Smith, Katherine E.; Fooks, Gary; Collin, Jeff; Weishaar, Heide; Mandal, Sema; Gilmore, Anna B.

    2010-01-01

    Background Impact assessment (IA) of all major European Union (EU) policies is now mandatory. The form of IA used has been criticised for favouring corporate interests by overemphasising economic impacts and failing to adequately assess health impacts. Our study sought to assess how, why, and in what ways corporations, and particularly the tobacco industry, influenced the EU's approach to IA. Methods and Findings In order to identify whether industry played a role in promoting this system of IA within the EU, we analysed internal documents from British American Tobacco (BAT) that were disclosed following a series of litigation cases in the United States. We combined this analysis with one of related literature and interviews with key informants. Our analysis demonstrates that from 1995 onwards BAT actively worked with other corporate actors to successfully promote a business-oriented form of IA that favoured large corporations. It appears that BAT favoured this form of IA because it could advance the company's European interests by establishing ground rules for policymaking that would: (i) provide an economic framework for evaluating all policy decisions, implicitly prioritising costs to businesses; (ii) secure early corporate involvement in policy discussions; (iii) bestow the corporate sector with a long-term advantage over other actors by increasing policymakers' dependence on information they supplied; and (iv) provide businesses with a persuasive means of challenging potential and existing legislation. The data reveal that an ensuing lobbying campaign, largely driven by BAT, helped secure binding changes to the EU Treaty via the Treaty of Amsterdam that required EU policymakers to minimise legislative burdens on businesses. Efforts subsequently focused on ensuring that these Treaty changes were translated into the application of a business orientated form of IA (cost–benefit analysis [CBA]) within EU policymaking procedures. Both the tobacco and chemical industries have since employed IA in apparent attempts to undermine key aspects of European policies designed to protect public health. Conclusions Our findings suggest that BAT and its corporate allies have fundamentally altered the way in which all EU policy is made by making a business-oriented form of IA mandatory. This increases the likelihood that the EU will produce policies that advance the interests of major corporations, including those that produce products damaging to health, rather than in the interests of its citizens. Given that the public health community, focusing on health IA, has largely welcomed the increasing policy interest in IA, this suggests that urgent consideration is required of the ways in which IA can be employed to undermine, as well as support, effective public health policies. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary PMID:20084098

  12. "Working the system"--British American tobacco's influence on the European union treaty and its implications for policy: an analysis of internal tobacco industry documents.

    PubMed

    Smith, Katherine E; Fooks, Gary; Collin, Jeff; Weishaar, Heide; Mandal, Sema; Gilmore, Anna B

    2010-01-12

    Impact assessment (IA) of all major European Union (EU) policies is now mandatory. The form of IA used has been criticised for favouring corporate interests by overemphasising economic impacts and failing to adequately assess health impacts. Our study sought to assess how, why, and in what ways corporations, and particularly the tobacco industry, influenced the EU's approach to IA. In order to identify whether industry played a role in promoting this system of IA within the EU, we analysed internal documents from British American Tobacco (BAT) that were disclosed following a series of litigation cases in the United States. We combined this analysis with one of related literature and interviews with key informants. Our analysis demonstrates that from 1995 onwards BAT actively worked with other corporate actors to successfully promote a business-oriented form of IA that favoured large corporations. It appears that BAT favoured this form of IA because it could advance the company's European interests by establishing ground rules for policymaking that would: (i) provide an economic framework for evaluating all policy decisions, implicitly prioritising costs to businesses; (ii) secure early corporate involvement in policy discussions; (iii) bestow the corporate sector with a long-term advantage over other actors by increasing policymakers' dependence on information they supplied; and (iv) provide businesses with a persuasive means of challenging potential and existing legislation. The data reveal that an ensuing lobbying campaign, largely driven by BAT, helped secure binding changes to the EU Treaty via the Treaty of Amsterdam that required EU policymakers to minimise legislative burdens on businesses. Efforts subsequently focused on ensuring that these Treaty changes were translated into the application of a business orientated form of IA (cost-benefit analysis [CBA]) within EU policymaking procedures. Both the tobacco and chemical industries have since employed IA in apparent attempts to undermine key aspects of European policies designed to protect public health. Our findings suggest that BAT and its corporate allies have fundamentally altered the way in which all EU policy is made by making a business-oriented form of IA mandatory. This increases the likelihood that the EU will produce policies that advance the interests of major corporations, including those that produce products damaging to health, rather than in the interests of its citizens. Given that the public health community, focusing on health IA, has largely welcomed the increasing policy interest in IA, this suggests that urgent consideration is required of the ways in which IA can be employed to undermine, as well as support, effective public health policies.

  13. 12 CFR Appendix B to Part 704 - Expanded Authorities and Requirements

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... appendix if it meets the applicable requirements of part 704 and appendix B, fulfills additional management... stress tests set forth in 704.8(d)(1)(i), allow its NEV to decline as much as 20 percent. Part I (a) A... rate stress tests set forth in § 704.8(d), the NEV of a corporate credit union that has met the...

  14. 12 CFR Appendix B to Part 704 - Expanded Authorities and Requirements

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Appendix if it meets the applicable requirements of Part 704 and Appendix B, fulfills additional management... stress tests set forth in 704.8(d)(1)(i), allow its NEV to decline as much as 20 percent. Part I (a) A... rate stress tests set forth in § 704.8(d), the NEV of a corporate credit union that has met the...

  15. Practical User Experience Design for School Libraries: 5 Tips for Improving Day-to-Day Life for Your Users...and You!

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Sannwald, Suzanne

    2017-01-01

    Suzanne Sannwald is the school librarian at West Hills High School in the Grossmont Union High School District, in San Diego's East County region. While working for a couple of years in a corporate setting prior to her current position, Sannwald learned about everything from organizational development and leadership to marketing and customer…

  16. Globalization and Its Implications for the Defense Industrial Base

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-02-01

    1999), and several academic journal articles and book chapters on transatlantic relations, political economy, business- government relations, and...now European Union, or EU) made “EC-1992” a buzzword in many corporate suites and government offices around the world, as business executives and...However, the German government opposes takeovers of German military vehicles producers by U.S. companies.51 Additionally, the ownership structure

  17. The role of union democracy in the struggle for workers' health in Mexico.

    PubMed

    Laurell, A C

    1989-01-01

    In this article, the author analyzes the struggle for workers' health in Mexico, emphasizing the importance of the general and specific political context. In an overview of the legislation on industrial health and safety, the state institutions involved in the issue, and the characteristics of union organization in Mexico, the author shows that the limited activities related to workers' health have more to do with the relative political weakness of the Mexican working class than with the formal structures of legislation, state institutions, and unions. The second part of the article deals with the four most important struggles for health and safety in Mexico during the last ten years, which show some similarities. These struggles are consistently linked to processes of union democratization and tend to decline when union democracy is lost. The strategies of the companies show a common pattern: removing health issues from collective bargaining and putting them in the hands of state institutions. When workers have opposed this solution, management has used selective repression to solve the conflict. The state institutions subordinate their position to the companies' by postponing action or by doing a technically poor job. Changing the existing situation involves the social legitimation of the workers' health issue, since this would have an impact on the political processes involved, i.e., corporate control over workers, authoritarian labor relations and professionalism, and resources of the state institutions.

  18. Economics of polysilicon processes

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Yaws, C. L.; Li, K. Y.; Chou, S. M.

    1986-01-01

    Techniques are being developed to provide lower cost polysilicon material for solar cells. Existing technology which normally provides semiconductor industry polysilicon material is undergoing changes and also being used to provide polysilicon material for solar cells. Economics of new and existing technologies are presented for producing polysilicon. The economics are primarily based on the preliminary process design of a plant producing 1,000 metric tons/year of silicon. The polysilicon processes include: Siemen's process (hydrogen reduction of trichlorosilane); Union Carbide process (silane decomposition); and Hemlock Semiconductor process (hydrogen reduction of dichlorosilane). The economics include cost estimates of capital investment and product cost to produce polysilicon via the technology. Sensitivity analysis results are also presented to disclose the effect of major paramentes such as utilities, labor, raw materials and capital investment.

  19. Single crystal diamond lapping procedure

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Grayson, R.A.

    A facility capable of resharpening quality cutting edges on single crystal diamond cutting tools was needed as the demand in precision machining of special optical surfaces became a common occurrence here at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. A specially constructed lapping machine using an air bearing spindle was built to achieve the required edge quality. The basic design for this lap was taken out of a technical report by W.L. Duke and R.T. Lovell of Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant Union Carbide Corp. We have also purchased two commercially built lapping machines recommended to us by Mr. Cory A. Knottenbelt, formerly ofmore » R.C.A. Diamond Lapping Facility, in Indianapolis, Indiana, now doing state-of-the-art polishing and relapping at LLNL facilities.« less

  20. Euroscepticism in Britain and France: Implications for NATO and the European Union

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-03-01

    establishment BBC British Broadcasting Corporation CSDP Common Security and Defence Policy ECSC European Coal and Steel Community EDC European Defense...existed since the formation of collective European international organizations such as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European...external coercion or aggression.”142 The EU was formed after a progression of economic and political treaties beginning with the European Coal and

  1. Russia and the West After the Ukrainian Crisis: European Vulnerabilities to Russian Pressures

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-01-01

    reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions...North Atlan- tic Treaty Organization (NATO) and European Union (EU) member states to Russian military and economic pressures and to Russian influ...Nuclear Forces LNG liquefied natural gas NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization OIES Oxford Institute of Energy Studies PVV Party for Freedom (Partij voor

  2. JPRS Report. Soviet Union Foreign Military Review, No. 2, February 1989.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-08-11

    phenomena in ethnic relationships in the period of stagnation engen - dered problems retarding the development of Soviet society and degrading Armed Forces...and ventilation systems for purifying external air entering the manned compartment when crossing areas of radioactive or chemical contamination. The...Machinery Chemical Corporation (over 800 produced), and from 1971 through 1983 by Bowen-McLaughlin- York (1,018 vehicles). In addition to the U.S

  3. 75 FR 26795 - Investigations Regarding Certifications of Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-12

    ... Orion, MI........ 04/13/10 04/09/10 (Union). 73903 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Clarion, PA 04/13/10 04/09/10..., Inc. Akron, CA 04/13/10 04/12/10 (Company). 73906 Ocean Beauty (State/One- Los Angeles, CA....... 04... Corporation Eugene, OR 04/14/10 04/12/10 (Workers). 73914 Damco USA, Inc. (State/One- Madison, NJ 04/14/10 04...

  4. JPRS Report, Soviet Union, USA: Economics, Politics, Ideology, No. 2, February 1988.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-07-07

    automobile companies established high technology enterprises jointly with the large Daiwa and Samsung local automobile companies in the middle of...nullified the advantages of the customs privileges in Hong Kong in the 1980s. Singapore and Taiwan are encountering sim- ilar problems. Malaysia ...mind with "an anonymous soldier in the faceless army of corporate employees ." The increased regulation of engineering labor in large American

  5. Clam Shell Dredging in Lakes Pontchartrain and Maurepas, Louisiana. Volume 2. Public Comments.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-11-01

    levels and pattern of distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , is presented, despite the fact that these compounds are identified . . as the...DEIS. Moreover, the DEIS implies that the potential for bioaccumulation of the pollutants present in Lake Ponchartrain is low except for a small...CHEMICAL AIR PRODUCTS SHELL OIL CO SHELL CHEMICAL CIBA GEIGY CORPORATION UNION TEXAS PETROLEUM SAVOIE INDUSTRIES SUNLAND SERVICES VULCAN MATERIAL

  6. Visualizing Perturbation Decay in Shocked Granular Materials

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cooper, Marcia; Vogler, Tracy

    2017-06-01

    A new experiment continuously visualizing shock wave perturbation decay through an increasing thickness of granular material has been tested with a gas gun. The experiment confines powders of either tungsten carbide or cerium oxide into a wedge geometry formed by tilting the downstream observation window, plated with a reflective aluminum film, at a shallow angle from the driver plate. The driver is machined with a sinusoidal wavy pattern for incident shock wave perturbation. After projectile impact, the perturbed shock wave passes through the granular material, first emerging at the wedge toe. Image sequences collected at 5 MHz of reflectivity loss at the plated window-granular material interface capture the spatial variation in wave propagation with increasing sample thickness. Extracting the evolving wavy pattern from the images determines the temporal perturbation amplitude. The data are compared to continuum and mesoscale simulations in normalized terms of perturbation amplitude and wavelength. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-mission laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

  7. [Health promotion and wellness programs in private corporate organizations. Problems of trans-national and trans-cultural transferability].

    PubMed

    Fidler, A H; Calkins, D R; Fuentes, E G

    1992-09-01

    Health promotion and wellness programmes in corporate organisations are subjects of considerable interest to both the providers (companies) and the consumers (employees). Economic considerations constitute a significant factor in businesses' interest in adopting health promotion programmes and in the wellness communities attempts to sell such programming to business. Substantial elements of both the business and wellness communities believe that health promotion programmes are financially profitable in addition to, and as a result of, improving employee's health. A fact which has not yet attracted significant research activities is a comparative analysis of corporate health promotion and wellness programmes in different societies with different cultural backgrounds, corporate cultures and external environments. Especially the emerging of a "New Europe" after the full realisation of the Common Market (EC) after 1992 and the tremendous economic possibilities after substantial political changes in the political structure of the eastern part of Europe (on its way to capitalism) might make it worth to look into corporate wellness programs of European organisations and to discuss pros and cons after comparing them with the ones of their American counterparts. Most important facts in which US organisations differ from most European corporations are not only the internal corporate culture but also the external environment, such as direct government interventions and political pressure from the consumer interest groups (strong unions). In many European countries the government imposes a very tight regulatory and legal framework and dictates the way corporate organisations have to share the burden of health related costs and have to provide occupational, wellness or preventive programmes for their employees.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

  8. Corporate interests, philanthropies, and the peace movement.

    PubMed

    Wright, T; Rodriguez, F; Waitzkin, H

    1986-01-01

    Corporate and philanthropic involvement in the peace movement is growing. In considering medical peace groups as examples, we have studied the ways that corporate and philanthropic funding have shaped the course of activism. Our methods have included: review of the Foundations Grant Index from 1974-1983; analysis of corporations' and foundations' criteria for grants in the categories of peace, arms control, and disarmament; interviews with leaders of activist organizations and with foundation officials; and our own experiences in the peace movement. Corporate interests in preventing nuclear war stem from a concern for global stability in which world markets may expand, and from a hope to frame issues posed by the peace movement in a way that will not challenge basic structures of power and finance. Several general features make peace groups respectable and attractive to philanthropies; an uncritical stance toward corporate participation in the arms race; a viewpoint that the main danger of nuclear war stems from a profound, bilateral conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union; and a single-issue focus that does not deal with the many related problems reflecting the injustices of capitalism. The two major medical groups working for peace, Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR) and International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), have accomplished many goals; however, their adherence to subtle criteria of respectability and their dependence on philanthropic funding have limited the scope of their activism. The struggle for peace can not succeed without fundamental changes in the corporate system that initiates, maintains, and promotes the arms race.

  9. The Conference Proceedings of the 1997 Air Transport Research Group (ATRG) of the WCTR Society. Volume 1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Oum, Tae Hoon (Editor); Bowen, Brent D. (Editor)

    1997-01-01

    Topics reported on in the proceedings include: Industrial reform and air transport development in China; the economic effects of airline deregulation and the Open-Sky policy of Korea; Open Skies in India; Japanese domestic air fares under the regulatory regime; the competitive position of airline networks; air transport and regional economic development in the European Union; and corporate dilemmas and strategies of European Airlines.

  10. JPRS Report, Soviet Union, International Affairs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-07-06

    household appliances. " Samsung " has divisions in the USA and Mexico, England, Portugal and Spain, Thailand and Malaysia . Construction of four new... Samsung Corporation. Samsung —"Three Stars"—unites 37 companies of dif- ferent description which produce textiles and sugar, build ships, hotels and...nition throughout the world primarily for its broad spectrum of electronic products. Out of 150,000 employees (the ratio of "blue" to "white" collar

  11. The political mobilization of corporate directors: socio-economic correlates of affiliation to European pressure groups.

    PubMed

    Bond, Matthew; Glouharova, Siana; Harrigan, Nicholas

    2010-06-01

    Business has played a central role in the debate over Britain's place in the European Union. This paper examines the socio-economic characteristics of directors of Britain's largest corporations who affiliated either to Business for Sterling or Britain in Europe. It reports associations between directors' social backgrounds and their probabilities of affiliation. Elite university education, club membership, wealth and multiple directorships were all associated with higher propensities to affiliate. The associations are consistent with the idea that directors' social resources allow them to overcome collective action problems as well as supplying them with the motivations to affiliate. They also indicated that directors form a privileged group in that they have a number of very powerful actors who can take unilateral political actions.

  12. Corporate social responsibility in public health: A case-study on HIV/AIDS epidemic by Johnson & Johnson company in Africa

    PubMed Central

    Chattu, Vijay Kumar

    2015-01-01

    HIV/AIDS has claimed millions of lives in the global workforce and continues to remain a threat to many businesses. An estimated 36.5 million of working people are living with HIV; the global workforce has lost 28 million people from AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic. In the absence of access to treatment, this number could grow to 74 million by 2015. The epidemic continues to affect the working population through absenteeism, sickness and death. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an obligation that corporates have toward their employees, community and society. A review and documentation of one such CSR by Johnson & Johnson (a multinational company) for HIV/AIDS in Africa is presented here. Johnson & Johnson Company is involved in numerous projects around the world to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The company is working to fight the spread of the disease and improve the quality of life for those living with the illness through various donations of its products and sponsorship of local programs. This case study also highlights different categories of CSR activities such as Cause Promotion, Cause related Marketing, Corporate Philanthropy, Corporate Social Marketing, Corporate Volunteering and Socially responsible business practices, which are discussed with specific examples from different countries in Africa. Conclusions: CSR of any business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical & discretionary expectation placed on the organization by society at a given point of time. CSR is therefore the obligation that corporations have toward their stakeholders and society in general which horizons beyond what is prescribed by law or union contracts. Johnson & Johnson has a proved history of being committed to caring for people and a good example of a company with a long history of citizenship and sustainability. PMID:25810667

  13. Corporate social responsibility in public health: A case-study on HIV/AIDS epidemic by Johnson & Johnson company in Africa.

    PubMed

    Chattu, Vijay Kumar

    2015-01-01

    HIV/AIDS has claimed millions of lives in the global workforce and continues to remain a threat to many businesses. An estimated 36.5 million of working people are living with HIV; the global workforce has lost 28 million people from AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic. In the absence of access to treatment, this number could grow to 74 million by 2015. The epidemic continues to affect the working population through absenteeism, sickness and death. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an obligation that corporates have toward their employees, community and society. A review and documentation of one such CSR by Johnson & Johnson (a multinational company) for HIV/AIDS in Africa is presented here. Johnson & Johnson Company is involved in numerous projects around the world to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The company is working to fight the spread of the disease and improve the quality of life for those living with the illness through various donations of its products and sponsorship of local programs. This case study also highlights different categories of CSR activities such as Cause Promotion, Cause related Marketing, Corporate Philanthropy, Corporate Social Marketing, Corporate Volunteering and Socially responsible business practices, which are discussed with specific examples from different countries in Africa. CSR of any business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical & discretionary expectation placed on the organization by society at a given point of time. CSR is therefore the obligation that corporations have toward their stakeholders and society in general which horizons beyond what is prescribed by law or union contracts. Johnson & Johnson has a proved history of being committed to caring for people and a good example of a company with a long history of citizenship and sustainability.

  14. JPRS Report, Soviet Union, The Working Class & the Contemporary World, No. 2, March-April 1987.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1987-08-19

    entire business district. Public transport did not operate. The streets 19 were packed with strikers, sympathizers and lookers-on. A strike was... transport , the oil business and so forth. Reflecting this expansion, the U.S. Steel corporation changed its name in mid- 1986. It is now called USX...work home. Yet owing to the vastness of the territories of industrial cities and the insufficient development of public transport and its expense

  15. The Role of Lobbyists in the Defense Budget and Procurement Process.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-05-15

    selfish or misguided methods used by pressure groups led to legislation that lined the pockets of the pressure group or imposed the group’s 2 standards on...corporations, unions, and other strong pressure group organizations. 3 It must also be remembered that this legislation primarily affects the Executive...purposes in mind. Common Cause, the most active pressure group advocating reform on this issue, argued that companies spend large sums of money to

  16. Evolution of the sapphire industry: Rubicon Technology and Gavish

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Harris, Daniel C.

    2009-05-01

    A. Verneuil developed flame fusion to grow sapphire and ruby on a commercial scale around 1890. Flame fusion was further perfected by Popov in the Soviet Union in the 1930s and by Linde Air Products Co. in the U.S. during World War II. Union Carbide Corp., the successor to Linde, developed Czochralski crystal growth for sapphire laser materials in the 1960s. Stepanov in the Soviet Union published his sapphire growth method in 1959. Edge-Defined Film-Fed Growth (EFG), which is similar to the Stepanov method, was developed by H. Labelle in the U. S. in the 1960s and 1970s. The Heat Exchanger Method (HEM), invented by F. Schmid and D. Viechnicki in 1967 was commercialized in the 1970s. Gradient solidification was invented in Israel in the 1970s by J. Makovsky. The Horizontal Directional Solidification Method (HDSM) proposed by Kh. S. Bagdasorov in the Soviet Union in the 1960s was further developed at the Institute for Single Crystals in Ukraine. Kyropoulos growth of sapphire, known as GOI crystal growth in the Soviet Union, was developed by M. Musatov at the State Optical Institute in St. Petersburg in the 1970s and 1980s. At the Institute for Single Crystals in Ukraine, E. Dobrovinskaya characterized Verneuil, Czochralsky, Bagdasarov, and GOI sapphire. In 1995, she emigrated to the United States and joined S&R Rubicon, founded near Chicago by R. Mogilevsky initially to import sapphire and ruby. Mogilevsky began producing sapphire by the Kyropoulos method in 1999. In 2000 the company name was changed to Rubicon Technology. Today, Dobrovinskaya is Chief Scientist and Rubicon produces high quality Kyropoulos sapphire substrates for solid-state lighting. In 1995, H. Branover of Ben Gurion University and a sole investor founded Gavish, which is Hebrew for "crystal." They invited another veteran of the Ukrainian Institute for Single Crystals, V. Pishchik, to become Chief Scientist. Under Pishchik's technical leadership and J. Sragowicz's business leadership, Gavish now makes finished products for the semiconductor and medical industries from HDSM, Stepanov, and Kyropoulos sapphire.

  17. Health hazard evaluation report HETA 80-008-1546, BASF Wyandotte Corporation, Rensselaer, New York

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gordon, J.E.; Taylor, P.; Hearn, S.

    A health hazard evaluation at BASF Wyandotte Corporation (SIC-2810, SIC-2820, SIC-2880, SIC-2870), Rensselaer, New York was conducted. The evaluation was requested by a union representative because of adverse pregnancy outcomes among workers involved in the manufacture of 3,5-dinitro-N-4N-4-dipropylsulfanilamide (19044883) (oryzalin). All persons employed from January 1, 1972 through December 31, 1980 were identified from company records. Birth, fetal, and death records were obtained from the State of New York. The authors conclude that workers who were involved in manufacturing oryzalin sired offspring having an unusual cluster of birth defects, especially those of the heart. Whether these were the result ofmore » occupational exposure cannot be decisively determined. Implementing proper engineering and work practice controls is recommended.« less

  18. Process for microwave sintering boron carbide

    DOEpatents

    Holcombe, C.E.; Morrow, M.S.

    1993-10-12

    A method of microwave sintering boron carbide comprises leaching boron carbide powder with an aqueous solution of nitric acid to form a leached boron carbide powder. The leached boron carbide powder is coated with a glassy carbon precursor to form a coated boron carbide powder. The coated boron carbide powder is consolidated in an enclosure of boron nitride particles coated with a layer of glassy carbon within a container for microwave heating to form an enclosed coated boron carbide powder. The enclosed coated boron carbide powder is sintered within the container for microwave heating with microwave energy.

  19. Process for microwave sintering boron carbide

    DOEpatents

    Holcombe, Cressie E.; Morrow, Marvin S.

    1993-01-01

    A method of microwave sintering boron carbide comprises leaching boron carbide powder with an aqueous solution of nitric acid to form a leached boron carbide powder. The leached boron carbide powder is coated with a glassy carbon precursor to form a coated boron carbide powder. The coated boron carbide powder is consolidated in an enclosure of boron nitride particles coated with a layer of glassy carbon within a container for microwave heating to form an enclosed coated boron carbide powder. The enclosed coated boron carbide powder is sintered within the container for microwave heating with microwave energy.

  20. Low resistance barrier layer for isolating, adhering, and passivating copper metal in semiconductor fabrication

    DOEpatents

    Weihs, Timothy P.; Barbee, Jr., Troy W.

    2002-01-01

    Cubic or metastable cubic refractory metal carbides act as barrier layers to isolate, adhere, and passivate copper in semiconductor fabrication. One or more barrier layers of the metal carbide are deposited in conjunction with copper metallizations to form a multilayer characterized by a cubic crystal structure with a strong (100) texture. Suitable barrier layer materials include refractory transition metal carbides such as vanadium carbide (VC), niobium carbide (NbC), tantalum carbide (TaC), chromium carbide (Cr.sub.3 C.sub.2), tungsten carbide (WC), and molybdenum carbide (MoC).

  1. Preliminary Analysis of LORAN-C System Reliability for Civil Aviation.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1981-09-01

    overviev of the analysis technique. Section 3 describes the computerized LORAN-C coverage model which is used extensively in the reliability analysis...Xth Plenary Assembly, Geneva, 1963, published by International Telecomunications Union. S. Braff, R., Computer program to calculate a Karkov Chain Reliability Model, unpublished york, MITRE Corporation. A-1 I.° , 44J Ili *Y 0E 00 ...F i8 1110 Prelim inary Analysis of Program Engineering & LORAN’C System ReliabilityMaintenance Service i ~Washington. D.C.

  2. The Prospect of Increased Japanese Military Burdensharing

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-03-30

    defense issues, the understanding of Japan’s future will be a key asset in formulating an effective negotiation strategy. 5 I,~ SOME COMMON MISPERCEPTIONS...entire Warsaw Pact nations and the Soviet Union together. 3 A Rand Corporation study also concluded that Asia’s economy will play a larger part in a...military roles in the area, they warfi that Japan will steal our technologies for other uses. Bashing a key friend and ally in this manner is, to say

  3. JPRS Report, Soviet Union, World Economy & International Relations, No. 10, October 1987

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1988-02-17

    finance-monopoly groups corporations own one another’s shares and their managers in fact delegate to one another right of control without interfer- ence... research . The individual will be encouraged within the framework of some group . The results of his research , profit and the income which it produces will...has been able to take under its wing by means of strict control or, on the other hand, flexible tutelage and "tender treatment" the groups of the

  4. Ablation Resistant Zirconium and Hafnium Ceramics

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bull, Jeffrey (Inventor); White, Michael J. (Inventor); Kaufman, Larry (Inventor)

    1998-01-01

    High temperature ablation resistant ceramic composites have been made. These ceramics are composites of zirconium diboride and zirconium carbide with silicon carbide, hafnium diboride and hafnium carbide with silicon carbide and ceramic composites which contain mixed diborides and/or carbides of zirconium and hafnium. along with silicon carbide.

  5. Moving East: how the transnational tobacco industry gained entry to the emerging markets of the former Soviet Union—part I: establishing cigarette imports

    PubMed Central

    Gilmore, A; McKee, M

    2004-01-01

    Objectives: To identify British American Tobacco's (BAT) reasons for targeting the former Soviet Union following its collapse in 1991 and the initial strategies BAT used to enter the region. Design: Analysis of tobacco industry documents held at the Guildford BAT archive. Results: Desire to expand to new markets was based in part on the decline in old markets. The large population, proximity to China, scope to expand sales to women and, in Central Asia, a young population with high growth rates made the former Soviet Union particularly attractive. High consumption rates and unfilled demand caused by previous shortages offered potential for rapid returns on investment. A series of steps were taken to penetrate the markets with the initial focus on establishing imports. The documents suggest that BAT encouraged the use of aid money and barter trade to fund imports and directed the smuggling of cigarettes which graduated from an opportunistic strategy to a highly organised operation. In establishing a market presence, promotion of BAT's brands and corporate image were paramount, and used synonymously to promote both the cigarettes and the company. The tobacco industry targeted young people and women. It used the allure of western products to promote its brands and brand stretching and corporate imagery to pre-empt future marketing restrictions. Conclusions: BAT used the chaotic conditions in the immediate post-transition period in the former Soviet Union to exploit legislative loopholes and ensure illegal cigarette imports. Governments of countries targeted by the tobacco industry need to be aware of industry tactics and develop adequate tobacco control policies in order to prevent the exploitation of vulnerable populations. Marketing restrictions that focus on advertising without restricting the use of brand or company promotions will have a limited impact. PMID:15175531

  6. A micrographic and gravimetric study of intercalation and deintercalation of graphite fibers

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Hung, C. C.

    1985-01-01

    Intercalation and deintercalation of Union Carbide P-100 graphite fibers with liquid and vaporous bromine was studied gravimetrically and microscopically. The mass of the bromine intercalated fibers was found to be 17 to 20 percent greater than their pristine counterpart. This variation decreased to 17 to 18 percent after heating in air for 3 days at 200 C and to 14.5 to 18 percent after 6 days of 260 C heating. The fiber length did not change throughout the experiment. The fiber diameter increased during intercalation and decreased slightly upon deintercalation but was not affected by heating to 260 C for 3 days in air. Comparing the mass and volume data to those with highly oriented pyrolitic graphite or natural single crystal graphite suggested the possibility that the intercalated P-100 fibers could be mostly stage 4.

  7. Decommissioning ALARA programs Cintichem decommissioning experience

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Adler, J.J.; LaGuardia, T.S.

    1995-03-01

    The Cintichem facility, originally the Union Carbide Nuclear Company (UCNC) Research Center, consisted primarily of a 5MW pool type reactor linked via a four-foot-wide by twelve-foot-deep water-filled canal to a bank of five adjacent hot cells. Shortly after going into operations in the early 1960s, the facility`s operations expanded to provide various reactor-based products and services to a multitude of research, production, medical, and education groups. From 1968 through 1972, the facility developed a process of separating isotopes from mixed fission products generated by irradiating enriched Uranium target capsules. By the late 1970s, 20 to 30 capsules were being processedmore » weekly, with about 200,000 curies being produced per week. Several isotopes such as Mo{sup 99}, I{sup 131}, and Xe{sup 133} were being extracted for medical use.« less

  8. Improved toughness of silicon carbide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Palm, J. A.

    1976-01-01

    Impact energy absorbing layers (EALs) comprised of partially densified silicon carbide were formed in situ on fully sinterable silicon carbide substrates. After final sintering, duplex silicon carbide structures resulted which were comprised of a fully sintered, high density silicon carbide substrate or core, overlayed with an EAL of partially sintered silicon carbide integrally bonded to its core member. Thermal cycling tests proved such structures to be moderately resistant to oxidation and highly resistant to thermal shock stresses. The strength of the developed structures in some cases exceeded but essentially it remained the same as the fully sintered silicon carbide without the EAL. Ballistic impact tests indicated that substantial improvements in the toughness of sintered silicon carbide were achieved by the use of the partially densified silicon carbide EALs.

  9. Who's afraid of national laws? Pesticide corporations use trade negotiations to avoid bans and undercut public health protections in Central America.

    PubMed

    Rosenthal, Erika

    2005-01-01

    The agrochemical industry is using trade agreements to block proposed bans on pesticides identified as the worst occupational health hazards by a multi-country illness surveillance program in Central America. Through privileged access to closed-door negotiations, industry inserted deregulatory mechanisms, including a regional pesticide registry that invalidates national laws, investors' rights protection, and increased intellectual property protections, into the draft Central American Customs Union and the Central American Free Trade Agreement. These agreements undermine health-based national pesticide registration requirements; weaken health ministries' role in pesticide control; block marketing of cheaper, less toxic pesticides; and have a chilling effect on future pesticide regulatory activity. So long as corporations have privileged access to the trade negotiations and civil society is excluded, the resulting agreements will benefit special interests at the expense of public health.

  10. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Winter, W.L.

    The American family farm is threatened by the combination of low, unstable commodity prices and high costs of machine and chemical technology. Overplanting, erosion, excessive taxation, and non-farm development diminish the best cropland. Government and corporate business policy have encouraged overproduction and soil abuse. To survive, the small farmer takes a second job or joins the urban industrial proletariat. No single national organization protects agriculture or equals the effective lobbying of business and unions for their own interests. Modern technology often produces less per land unit than traditional labor-intensive cultivation and costs more in terms of energy, capital, and depletedmore » soil and natural resources. Usurious interest, archaic tax laws, and rapid rise of current technological production costs force insolvency of the small farm while facilitating expansion of giant agribusiness corporations, but technological innovation many have reached the point of diminishing returns. Meanwhile disruption of rural society continues, aggravating metropolitan overpopulation, unemployment, and social disorganization. 39 references.« less

  11. The effects of carbide column to swelling potential and Atterberg limit on expansive soil with column to soil drainage

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Muamar Rifa'i, Alfian; Setiawan, Bambang; Djarwanti, Noegroho

    2017-12-01

    The expansive soil is soil that has a potential for swelling-shrinking due to changes in water content. Such behavior can exert enough force on building above to cause damage. The use of columns filled with additives such as Calcium Carbide is done to reduce the negative impact of expansive soil behavior. This study aims to determine the effect of carbide columns on expansive soil. Observations were made on swelling and spreading of carbides in the soil. 7 Carbide columns with 5 cm diameter and 20 cm height were installed into the soil with an inter-column spacing of 8.75 cm. Wetting is done through a pipe at the center of the carbide column for 20 days. Observations were conducted on expansive soil without carbide columns and expansive soil with carbide columns. The results showed that the addition of carbide column could reduce the percentage of swelling by 4.42%. Wetting through the center of the carbide column can help spread the carbide into the soil. The use of carbide columns can also decrease the rate of soil expansivity. After the addition of carbide column, the plasticity index value decreased from 71.76% to 4.3% and the shrinkage index decreased from 95.72% to 9.2%.

  12. Friction and wear behavior of single-crystal silicon carbide in contact with titanium

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.

    1977-01-01

    Sliding friction experiments were conducted with single crystal silicon carbide in sliding contact with titanium. Results indicate that the friction coefficient is greater in vacuum than in argon and that this is due to the greater adhesion or adhesive transfer in vacuum. Thin films of silicon carbide transferred to titanium also adhered to silicon carbide both in argon at atmospheric pressure and in high vacuum. Cohesive bonds fractured on both the silicon carbide and titanium surfaces. The wear debris of silicon carbide created by fracture plowed the silicon carbide surface in a plastic manner. The friction characteristics of titanium in contact with silicon carbide were sensitive to the surface roughness of silicon carbide, and the friction coefficients were higher for a rough surface of silicon carbide than for a smooth one. The difference in friction results was due to plastic deformation (plowing of titanium).

  13. Silicon carbide semiconductor technology for high temperature and radiation environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Matus, Lawrence G.

    1993-01-01

    Viewgraphs on silicon carbide semiconductor technology and its potential for enabling electronic devices to function in high temperature and high radiation environments are presented. Topics covered include silicon carbide; sublimation growth of 6H-SiC boules; SiC chemical vapor deposition reaction system; 6H silicon carbide p-n junction diode; silicon carbide MOSFET; and silicon carbide JFET radiation response.

  14. Carbides Evolution in a Ni-16Mo-7Cr Base Superalloy during Long-Term Thermal Exposure

    PubMed Central

    Han, Fenfen; Jiang, Li; Ye, Xiangxi; Lu, Yanling; Li, Zhijun; Zhou, Xingtai

    2017-01-01

    The effect of long-term thermal exposure on the carbide evolution in a Ni-16Mo-7Cr base superalloy was investigated. The results show that M12C carbides are mainly precipitated on the grain boundaries during thermal exposure, and the primary massive M6C carbides can be completely transformed to M12C carbides in situ at temperatures above 750 °C for long-term thermal exposure. The transformation from M6C carbides to M12C carbides is attributed to the release of C atoms from M6C, which results in the morphology changes of massive carbides, and stabilization of the sizes of M12C carbides precipitated on the grain boundaries. PMID:28772881

  15. Porous silicon carbide (SIC) semiconductor device

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shor, Joseph S. (Inventor); Kurtz, Anthony D. (Inventor)

    1996-01-01

    Porous silicon carbide is fabricated according to techniques which result in a significant portion of nanocrystallites within the material in a sub 10 nanometer regime. There is described techniques for passivating porous silicon carbide which result in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices which exhibit brighter blue luminescence and exhibit improved qualities. Based on certain of the techniques described porous silicon carbide is used as a sacrificial layer for the patterning of silicon carbide. Porous silicon carbide is then removed from the bulk substrate by oxidation and other methods. The techniques described employ a two-step process which is used to pattern bulk silicon carbide where selected areas of the wafer are then made porous and then the porous layer is subsequently removed. The process to form porous silicon carbide exhibits dopant selectivity and a two-step etching procedure is implemented for silicon carbide multilayers.

  16. Formation of dysprosium carbide on the graphite (0001) surface

    DOE PAGES

    Lii-Rosales, Ann; Zhou, Yinghui; Wallingford, Mark; ...

    2017-07-12

    When using scanning tunneling microscopy, we characterize a surface carbide that forms such that Dy is deposited on the basal plane of graphite. In order to form carbide islands on terraces, Dy is first deposited at 650–800 K, which forms large metallic islands. Upon annealing at 1000 K, these clusters convert to carbide. Deposition directly at 1000 K is ineffective because nucleation on terraces is inhibited. Reaction is signaled by the fact that each carbide cluster is partially or totally surrounded by an etch pit. The etch pit is one carbon layer deep for most carbide clusters. Carbide clusters aremore » also identifiable by striations on their surfaces. Based on mass balance, and assuming that only the surface layer of carbon is involved in the reaction, the carbide has stoichiometry D y 2 C . This is Dy-rich compared with the most common bulk carbide Dy C 2 , which may reflect limited surface carbon transport to the carbide.« less

  17. Method of preparing silicon carbide particles dispersed in an electrolytic bath for composite electroplating of metals

    DOEpatents

    Peng, Yu-Min; Wang, Jih-Wen; Liue, Chun-Ying; Yeh, Shinn-Horng

    1994-01-01

    A method for preparing silicon carbide particles dispersed in an electrolytic bath for composite electroplating of metals includes the steps of washing the silicon carbide particles with an organic solvent; washing the silicon carbide particles with an inorganic acid; grinding the silicon carbide particles; and heating the silicon carbide particles in a nickel-containing solution at a boiling temperature for a predetermined period of time.

  18. Method of fabricating porous silicon carbide (SiC)

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Shor, Joseph S. (Inventor); Kurtz, Anthony D. (Inventor)

    1995-01-01

    Porous silicon carbide is fabricated according to techniques which result in a significant portion of nanocrystallites within the material in a sub 10 nanometer regime. There is described techniques for passivating porous silicon carbide which result in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices which exhibit brighter blue luminescence and exhibit improved qualities. Based on certain of the techniques described porous silicon carbide is used as a sacrificial layer for the patterning of silicon carbide. Porous silicon carbide is then removed from the bulk substrate by oxidation and other methods. The techniques described employ a two-step process which is used to pattern bulk silicon carbide where selected areas of the wafer are then made porous and then the porous layer is subsequently removed. The process to form porous silicon carbide exhibits dopant selectivity and a two-step etching procedure is implemented for silicon carbide multilayers.

  19. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lii-Rosales, Ann; Zhou, Yinghui; Wallingford, Mark

    When using scanning tunneling microscopy, we characterize a surface carbide that forms such that Dy is deposited on the basal plane of graphite. In order to form carbide islands on terraces, Dy is first deposited at 650–800 K, which forms large metallic islands. Upon annealing at 1000 K, these clusters convert to carbide. Deposition directly at 1000 K is ineffective because nucleation on terraces is inhibited. Reaction is signaled by the fact that each carbide cluster is partially or totally surrounded by an etch pit. The etch pit is one carbon layer deep for most carbide clusters. Carbide clusters aremore » also identifiable by striations on their surfaces. Based on mass balance, and assuming that only the surface layer of carbon is involved in the reaction, the carbide has stoichiometry D y 2 C . This is Dy-rich compared with the most common bulk carbide Dy C 2 , which may reflect limited surface carbon transport to the carbide.« less

  20. Structural evolution of molybdenum carbides in hot aqueous environments and impact on low-temperature hydroprocessing of acetic acid

    DOE PAGES

    Choi, Jae -Soon; Schwartz, Viviane; Santillan-Jimenez, Eduardo; ...

    2015-03-13

    In this paper, we investigated the structural evolution of molybdenum carbides subjected to hot aqueous environments and their catalytic performance in low-temperature hydroprocessing of acetic acid. While bulk structures of Mo carbides were maintained after aging in hot liquid water, a portion of carbidic Mo sites were converted to oxidic sites. Water aging also induced changes to the non-carbidic carbon deposited during carbide synthesis and increased surface roughness, which in turn affected carbide pore volume and surface area. The extent of these structural changes was sensitive to the initial carbide structure and was lower under actual hydroprocessing conditions indicating themore » possibility of further improving the hydrothermal stability of Mo carbides by optimizing catalyst structure and operating conditions. Mo carbides were active in acetic acid conversion in the presence of liquid water, their activity being comparable to that of Ru/C. Finally, the results suggest that effective and inexpensive bio-oil hydroprocessing catalysts could be designed based on Mo carbides, although a more detailed understanding of the structure-performance relationships is needed, especially in upgrading of more complex reaction mixtures or real bio-oils.« less

  1. Mipomersen.

    PubMed

    2010-01-01

    Genzyme Corporation and Isis Pharmaceuticals have a worldwide licensing and collaboration agreement for the development of subcutaneous mipomersen (ISIS 147764; ISIS 301012; ISIS301012; mipomersen-sodium). Mipomersen, an oligonucleotide antisense inhibitor directed against apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) mRNA, is in phase III clinical evaluation for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, a form of type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia, and hypercholesterolemia in patients with severely high cholesterol levels or at high risk for coronary heart disease in the US, European Union, Brazil, Canada, South Africa, and South East Asia. This review discusses the development history and scientific profile of this new compound.

  2. Process feasibility study in support of silicon material task 1

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Fang, C. S.; Hansen, K. C.; Miller, J. W., Jr.; Yaws, C. L.

    1978-01-01

    Initial results for gas thermal conductivity of silicon tetrafluoride and trichlorosilane are reported in respective temperature ranges of 25 to 400 C and 50 to 400 C. For chemical engineering analyses, the preliminary process design for the original silane process of Union Carbide was completed for Cases A and B, Regular and Minimum Process Storage. Included are raw material usage, utility requirements, major process equipment lists, and production labor requirements. Because of the large differences in surge tankage between major unit operations the fixed capital investment varied from $19,094,000 to $11,138,000 for Cases A and B, respectively. For the silane process the original flowsheet was revised for a more optimum arrangement of major equipment, raw materials and operating conditions. The initial issue of the revised flowsheet (Case C) for the silane process indicated favorable cost benefits over the original scheme.

  3. Growth characteristics of primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy.

    PubMed

    Liu, Sha; Zhou, Yefei; Xing, Xiaolei; Wang, Jibo; Ren, Xuejun; Yang, Qingxiang

    2016-09-06

    The microstructure of the hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is observed by optical microscopy (OM). The initial growth morphology, the crystallographic structure, the semi-molten morphology and the stacking faults of the primary M7C3 carbide are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in-suit growth process of the primary M7C3 carbide was observed by confocal laser microscope (CLM). It is found that the primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is irregular polygonal shape with several hollows in the center and gaps on the edge. Some primary M7C3 carbides are formed by layers of shell or/and consist of multiple parts. In the initial growth period, the primary M7C3 carbide forms protrusion parallel to {} crystal planes. The extending and revolving protrusion forms the carbide shell. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) maps show that the primary M7C3 carbide consists of multiple parts. The semi-molten M7C3 carbide contains unmelted shell and several small-scale carbides inside, which further proves that the primary M7C3 carbide is not an overall block. It is believed that the coalescence of the primary M7C3 carbides is ascribed to the growing condition of the protrusion and the gap filling process.

  4. Growth characteristics of primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Sha; Zhou, Yefei; Xing, Xiaolei; Wang, Jibo; Ren, Xuejun; Yang, Qingxiang

    2016-01-01

    The microstructure of the hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is observed by optical microscopy (OM). The initial growth morphology, the crystallographic structure, the semi-molten morphology and the stacking faults of the primary M7C3 carbide are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in-suit growth process of the primary M7C3 carbide was observed by confocal laser microscope (CLM). It is found that the primary M7C3 carbide in hypereutectic Fe-Cr-C alloy is irregular polygonal shape with several hollows in the center and gaps on the edge. Some primary M7C3 carbides are formed by layers of shell or/and consist of multiple parts. In the initial growth period, the primary M7C3 carbide forms protrusion parallel to {} crystal planes. The extending and revolving protrusion forms the carbide shell. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) maps show that the primary M7C3 carbide consists of multiple parts. The semi-molten M7C3 carbide contains unmelted shell and several small-scale carbides inside, which further proves that the primary M7C3 carbide is not an overall block. It is believed that the coalescence of the primary M7C3 carbides is ascribed to the growing condition of the protrusion and the gap filling process. PMID:27596718

  5. Microwave sintering of boron carbide

    DOEpatents

    Blake, R.D.; Katz, J.D.; Petrovic, J.J.; Sheinberg, H.

    1988-06-10

    A method for forming boron carbide into a particular shape and densifying the green boron carbide shape. Boron carbide in powder form is pressed into a green shape and then sintered, using a microwave oven, to obtain a dense boron carbide body. Densities of greater than 95% of theoretical density have been obtained. 1 tab.

  6. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Choi, Jae -Soon; Schwartz, Viviane; Santillan-Jimenez, Eduardo

    In this paper, we investigated the structural evolution of molybdenum carbides subjected to hot aqueous environments and their catalytic performance in low-temperature hydroprocessing of acetic acid. While bulk structures of Mo carbides were maintained after aging in hot liquid water, a portion of carbidic Mo sites were converted to oxidic sites. Water aging also induced changes to the non-carbidic carbon deposited during carbide synthesis and increased surface roughness, which in turn affected carbide pore volume and surface area. The extent of these structural changes was sensitive to the initial carbide structure and was lower under actual hydroprocessing conditions indicating themore » possibility of further improving the hydrothermal stability of Mo carbides by optimizing catalyst structure and operating conditions. Mo carbides were active in acetic acid conversion in the presence of liquid water, their activity being comparable to that of Ru/C. Finally, the results suggest that effective and inexpensive bio-oil hydroprocessing catalysts could be designed based on Mo carbides, although a more detailed understanding of the structure-performance relationships is needed, especially in upgrading of more complex reaction mixtures or real bio-oils.« less

  7. Obituary: Lyman Francis Kells, 1917-2004

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hockey, Thomas

    2007-12-01

    Lyman Francis Kells was born in Seattle, Washington, on 19 May 1917. He earned a 1938 BS in Chemistry from the University of Washington. He received a PhD. in 1944, also from the University of Washington. Kells held research positions at the Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation of New York, New York, from 1944 through 1946; the Standard Oil Development Company of New Jersey, from 1946 through 1948; and Allied Chemical Corporation of Morristown, New Jersey, from 1951 through 1961. His wartime work involved the separation of Uranium isotopes by gaseous diffusion, based on a method developed in part by Harold Urey. Kells was on the faculty of Hunter College 1948-1949, an Assistant Professor at Iona College 1949-1951, a Special Lecturer at Newark College of Engineering in 1961, an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at East Tennessee State University 1962-1964, and a Professor of Chemistry at Westmar College 1964-1974. He died on 4 November 2004 in Seattle, Washington. Kells was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Chemical Society, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, and the New York Academy of Science, as well as this Society. He was a Unitarian. Kells is survived by his daughters Leila Stefani Newcomb and Christina V. Cohen.

  8. Process for preparing metal-carbide-containing microspheres from metal-loaded resin beads

    DOEpatents

    Beatty, Ronald L.

    1976-01-01

    An improved method for treating metal-loaded resin microspheres is described which comprises heating a metal-loaded resin charge in an inert atmosphere at a pre-carbide-forming temperature under such conditions as to produce a microsphere composition having sufficient carbon as to create a substantially continuous carbon matrix and a metal-carbide or an oxide-carbide mixture as a dispersed phase(s) during carbide-forming conditions, and then heating the thus treated charge to a carbide-forming temperature.

  9. Methods of producing continuous boron carbide fibers

    DOEpatents

    Garnier, John E.; Griffith, George W.

    2015-12-01

    Methods of producing continuous boron carbide fibers. The method comprises reacting a continuous carbon fiber material and a boron oxide gas within a temperature range of from approximately 1400.degree. C. to approximately 2200.degree. C. Continuous boron carbide fibers, continuous fibers comprising boron carbide, and articles including at least a boron carbide coating are also disclosed.

  10. Natural precursor based hydrothermal synthesis of sodium carbide for reactor applications

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Swapna, M. S.; Saritha Devi, H. V.; Sebastian, Riya; Ambadas, G.; Sankararaman, S.

    2017-12-01

    Carbides are a class of materials with high mechanical strength and refractory nature which finds a wide range of applications in industries and nuclear reactors. The existing synthesis methods of all types of carbides have problems in terms of use of toxic chemical precursors, high-cost, etc. Sodium carbide (Na2C2) which is an alkali metal carbide is the least explored one and also that there is no report of low-cost and low-temperature synthesis of sodium carbide using the eco-friendly, easily available natural precursors. In the present work, we report a simple low-cost, non-toxic hydrothermal synthesis of refractory sodium carbide using the natural precursor—Pandanus. The formation of sodium carbide along with boron carbide is evidenced by the structural and morphological characterizations. The sample thus synthesized is subjected to field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet (UV)—visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, and photoluminescent (PL) spectroscopic techniques.

  11. Surface and Bulk Carbide Transformations in High-Speed Steel

    PubMed Central

    Godec, M.; Večko Pirtovšek, T.; Šetina Batič, B.; McGuiness, P.; Burja, J.; Podgornik, B.

    2015-01-01

    We have studied the transformation of carbides in AISI M42 high-speed steels in the temperature window used for forging. The annealing was found to result in the partial transformation of the large, metastable M2C carbides into small, more stable grains of M6C, with an associated change in the crystal orientation. In addition, MC carbides form during the transformation of M2C to M6C. From the high-speed-steel production point of view, it is beneficial to have large, metastable carbides in the cast structure, which later during annealing, before the forging, transform into a structure of polycrystalline carbides. Such carbides can be easily decomposed into several small carbides, which are then randomly distributed in the microstructure. The results also show an interesting difference in the carbide-transformation reactions on the surface versus the bulk of the alloy, which has implications for in-situ studies of bulk phenomena that are based on surface observations. PMID:26537780

  12. Improved toughness of silicon carbide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Palm, J. A.

    1975-01-01

    Several techniques were employed to apply or otherwise form porous layers of various materials on the surface of hot-pressed silicon carbide ceramic. From mechanical properties measurements and studies, it was concluded that although porous layers could be applied to the silicon carbide ceramic, sufficient damage was done to the silicon carbide surface by the processing required so as to drastically reduce its mechanical strength. It was further concluded that there was little promise of success in forming an effective energy absorbing layer on the surface of already densified silicon carbide ceramic that would have the mechanical strength of the untreated or unsurfaced material. Using a process for the pressureless sintering of silicon carbide powders it was discovered that porous layers of silicon carbide could be formed on a dense, strong silicon carbide substrate in a single consolidation process.

  13. Production method for making rare earth compounds

    DOEpatents

    McCallum, R.W.; Ellis, T.W.; Dennis, K.W.; Hofer, R.J.; Branagan, D.J.

    1997-11-25

    A method of making a rare earth compound, such as a earth-transition metal permanent magnet compound, without the need for producing rare earth metal as a process step, comprises carbothermically reacting a rare earth oxide to form a rare earth carbide and heating the rare earth carbide, a compound-forming reactant (e.g., a transition metal and optional boron), and a carbide-forming element (e.g., a refractory metal) that forms a carbide that is more thermodynamically favorable than the rare earth carbide whereby the rare earth compound (e.g., Nd{sub 2}Fe{sub 14}B or LaNi{sub 5}) and a carbide of the carbide-forming element are formed.

  14. Production method for making rare earth compounds

    DOEpatents

    McCallum, R. William; Ellis, Timothy W.; Dennis, Kevin W.; Hofer, Robert J.; Branagan, Daniel J.

    1997-11-25

    A method of making a rare earth compound, such as a earth-transition metal permanent magnet compound, without the need for producing rare earth metal as a process step, comprises carbothermically reacting a rare earth oxide to form a rare earth carbide and heating the rare earth carbide, a compound-forming reactant (e.g. a transition metal and optional boron), and a carbide-forming element (e.g. a refractory metal) that forms a carbide that is more thermodynamically favorable than the rare earth carbide whereby the rare earth compound (e.g. Nd.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B or LaNi.sub.5) and a carbide of the carbide-forming element are formed.

  15. One grain, one nation: rice genetics and the corporate state in early Francoist Spain (1939–1952.

    PubMed

    Camprubi, Lino

    2010-01-01

    This paper aims to show the links between rice genetics and the corporatist political economy of early Francoism. After investigating the transition from prewar rice producers' associations to a new federation embedded in a vertical union, I identify three main novelties of the new organization: its national scope, its need to address lack of supply rather than overproduction, and its hierarchical functioning. I then focus on the one state-owned agricultural station devoted to rice research, showing how its agricultural scientists shaped, and relied on, the state-controlled unions, both for producing and distributing new varieties of rice and for controlling the seeds farmers used. Finally, I explore how this relationship made it possible for the scientists to test, multiply, and distribute throughout the Spanish landscape the seeds they produced at the laboratory, thus putting hierarchical unity and autarky to work and demonstrating the role of scientists as active agents of state formation and landscape transformation within a corporatist political economy.

  16. Reactive Fusion Welding for Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic Composite Joining

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-03-16

    Titanium diboride TiC-Titanium carbide C-Carbon SiC - Silicon carbide B4C-Boron carbide 67 W-Tungsten WC-Tungsten carbide ZrB2-20ZrC-ZrB2...ceramics with a nominal carbide content of 20 vol% were prepared. Starting powders were mechanically mixed by ball milling ZrB2 (H.C. Starck; Grade B...0.50 wt%, or ~1.5 vol%. Milling was carried out in acetone for 2 hours using tungsten carbide media. After milling, the powder slurry was dried

  17. Inelastic response of metal matrix composites under biaxial loading

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Mirzadeh, F.; Pindera, Marek-Jerzy; Herakovich, Carl T.

    1990-01-01

    Elements of the analytical/experimental program to characterize the response of silicon carbide titanium (SCS-6/Ti-15-3) composite tubes under biaxial loading are outlined. The analytical program comprises prediction of initial yielding and subsequent inelastic response of unidirectional and angle-ply silicon carbide titanium tubes using a combined micromechanics approach and laminate analysis. The micromechanics approach is based on the method of cells model and has the capability of generating the effective thermomechanical response of metal matrix composites in the linear and inelastic region in the presence of temperature and time-dependent properties of the individual constituents and imperfect bonding on the initial yield surfaces and inelastic response of (0) and (+ or - 45)sub s SCS-6/Ti-15-3 laminates loaded by different combinations of stresses. The generated analytical predictions will be compared with the experimental results. The experimental program comprises generation of initial yield surfaces, subsequent stress-strain curves and determination of failure loads of the SCS-6/Ti-15-3 tubes under selected loading conditions. The results of the analytical investigation are employed to define the actual loading paths for the experimental program. A brief overview of the experimental methodology is given. This includes the test capabilities of the Composite Mechanics Laboratory at the University of Virginia, the SCS-6/Ti-15-3 composite tubes secured from McDonnell Douglas Corporation, a text fixture specifically developed for combined axial-torsional loading, and the MTS combined axial-torsion loader that will be employed in the actual testing.

  18. Methods of repairing a substrate

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Riedell, James A. (Inventor); Easler, Timothy E. (Inventor)

    2011-01-01

    A precursor of a ceramic adhesive suitable for use in a vacuum, thermal, and microgravity environment. The precursor of the ceramic adhesive includes a silicon-based, preceramic polymer and at least one ceramic powder selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, boron carbide, boron oxide, boron nitride, hafnium boride, hafnium carbide, hafnium oxide, lithium aluminate, molybdenum silicide, niobium carbide, niobium nitride, silicon boride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, tin oxide, tantalum boride, tantalum carbide, tantalum oxide, tantalum nitride, titanium boride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide, zirconium boride, zirconium carbide, zirconium oxide, and zirconium silicate. Methods of forming the ceramic adhesive and of repairing a substrate in a vacuum and microgravity environment are also disclosed, as is a substrate repaired with the ceramic adhesive.

  19. 40 CFR 415.30 - Applicability; description of the calcium carbide production subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... calcium carbide production subcategory. 415.30 Section 415.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... SOURCE CATEGORY Calcium Carbide Production Subcategory § 415.30 Applicability; description of the calcium... the production of calcium carbide in uncovered furnaces. ...

  20. 40 CFR 415.30 - Applicability; description of the calcium carbide production subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... calcium carbide production subcategory. 415.30 Section 415.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... SOURCE CATEGORY Calcium Carbide Production Subcategory § 415.30 Applicability; description of the calcium... the production of calcium carbide in uncovered furnaces. ...

  1. 40 CFR 415.30 - Applicability; description of the calcium carbide production subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... calcium carbide production subcategory. 415.30 Section 415.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... SOURCE CATEGORY Calcium Carbide Production Subcategory § 415.30 Applicability; description of the calcium... the production of calcium carbide in uncovered furnaces. ...

  2. 40 CFR 415.30 - Applicability; description of the calcium carbide production subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... calcium carbide production subcategory. 415.30 Section 415.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... SOURCE CATEGORY Calcium Carbide Production Subcategory § 415.30 Applicability; description of the calcium... the production of calcium carbide in uncovered furnaces. ...

  3. 40 CFR 415.30 - Applicability; description of the calcium carbide production subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... calcium carbide production subcategory. 415.30 Section 415.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... SOURCE CATEGORY Calcium Carbide Production Subcategory § 415.30 Applicability; description of the calcium... the production of calcium carbide in uncovered furnaces. ...

  4. Characterization of the carbides and the martensite phase in powder-metallurgy high-speed steel

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Godec, Matjaz, E-mail: matjaz.godec@imt.si; Batic, Barbara Setina; Mandrino, Djordje

    2010-04-15

    A microstructural characterization of the powder-metallurgy high-speed-steel S390 Microclean was performed based on an elemental distribution of the carbide phase as well as crystallographic analyses. The results showed that there were two types of carbides present: vanadium-rich carbides, which were not chemically homogeneous and exhibited a tungsten-enriched or tungsten-depleted central area; and chemically homogeneous tungsten-rich M{sub 6}C-type carbides. Despite the possibility of chemical inhomogenities, the crystallographic orientation of each of the carbides was shown to be uniform. Using electron backscatter diffraction the vanadium-rich carbides were determined to be either cubic VC or hexagonal V{sub 6}C{sub 5}, while the tungsten-rich carbidesmore » were M{sub 6}C. The electron backscatter diffraction results were also verified using X-ray diffraction. Several electron backscatter diffraction pattern maps were acquired in order to define the fraction of each carbide phase as well as the amount of martensite phase. The fraction of martensite was estimated using band-contrast images, while the fraction of carbides was calculated using the crystallographic data.« less

  5. Three-dimensional studies of intergranular carbides in austenitic stainless steel.

    PubMed

    Ochi, Minoru; Kawano, Rika; Maeda, Takuya; Sato, Yukio; Teranishi, Ryo; Hara, Toru; Kikuchi, Masao; Kaneko, Kenji

    2017-04-01

    A large number of morphological studies of intergranular carbides in steels have always been carried out in two dimensions without considering their dispersion manners. In this article, focused ion beam serial-sectioning tomography was carried out to study the correlation among the grain boundary characteristics, the morphologies and the dispersions of intergranular carbides in 347 austenitic stainless steel. More than hundred intergranular carbides were characterized in three dimensions and finally classified into three different types, two types of carbides probably semi-coherent to one of the neighboring grains with plate-type morphology, and one type of carbides incoherent to both grains with rod-type morphology. In addition, the rod-type carbide was found as the largest number of carbides among three types. Since large numbers of defects, such as misfit dislocations, may be present at the grain boundaries, which can be ideal nucleation sites for intergranular rod-type carbide precipitation. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Society of Microscopy. All rights reserved.For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  6. Deposition method for producing silicon carbide high-temperature semiconductors

    DOEpatents

    Hsu, George C.; Rohatgi, Naresh K.

    1987-01-01

    An improved deposition method for producing silicon carbide high-temperature semiconductor material comprising placing a semiconductor substrate composed of silicon carbide in a fluidized bed silicon carbide deposition reactor, fluidizing the bed particles by hydrogen gas in a mildly bubbling mode through a gas distributor and heating the substrate at temperatures around 1200.degree.-1500.degree. C. thereby depositing a layer of silicon carbide on the semiconductor substrate.

  7. Dimensional Analysis and Extended Hydrodynamic Theory Applied to Long-Rod Penetration of Ceramics

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-07-01

    thick ceramic targets by tungsten long rod projectiles. The ceramics are AD-995 alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, and boron carbide. Test...of confined thick ceramic targets by tungsten long rod projectiles. The ceramics are AD-995 alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, and boron ...since the mid 20th century. Popular candidate ceramics for such systems include alumina, aluminum nitride, boron carbide, silicon carbide, and titanium

  8. MC Carbide Characterization in High Refractory Content Powder-Processed Ni-Based Superalloys

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Antonov, Stoichko; Chen, Wei; Huo, Jiajie; Feng, Qiang; Isheim, Dieter; Seidman, David N.; Sun, Eugene; Tin, Sammy

    2018-04-01

    Carbide precipitates in Ni-based superalloys are considered to be desirable phases that can contribute to improving high-temperature properties as well as aid in microstructural refinement of the material; however, they can also serve as crack initiation sites during fatigue. To date, most of the knowledge pertaining to carbide formation has originated from assessments of cast and wrought Ni-based superalloys. As powder-processed Ni-based superalloys are becoming increasingly widespread, understanding the different mechanisms by which they form becomes increasingly important. Detailed characterization of MC carbides present in two experimental high Nb-content powder-processed Ni-based superalloys revealed that Hf additions affect the resultant carbide morphologies. This morphology difference was attributed to a higher magnitude of elastic strain energy along the interface associated with Hf being soluble in the MC carbide lattice. The composition of the MC carbides was studied through atom probe tomography and consisted of a complex carbonitride core, which was rich in Nb and with slight Hf segregation, surrounded by an Nb carbide shell. The characterization results of the segregation behavior of Hf in the MC carbides and the subsequent influence on their morphology were compared to density functional theory calculations and found to be in good agreement, suggesting that computational modeling can successfully be used to tailor carbide features.

  9. Tribological properties of sintered polycrystalline and single crystal silicon carbide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.; Srinivasan, M.

    1982-01-01

    Tribological studies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses were conducted with sintered polycrystalline and single crystal silicon carbide surfaces in sliding contact with iron at various temperatures to 1500 C in a vacuum of 30 nPa. The results indicate that there is a significant temperature influence on both the friction properties and the surface chemistry of silicon carbide. The main contaminants on the as received sintered polycrystalline silicon carbide surfaces are adsorbed carbon, oxygen, graphite, and silicon dioxide. The surface revealed a low coefficient of friction. This is due to the presence of the graphite on the surface. At temperatures of 400 to 600 C graphite and copious amount of silicon dioxide were observed on the polycrystalline silicon carbide surface in addition to silicon carbide. At 800 C, the amount of the silicon dioxide decreased rapidly and the silicon carbide type silicon and carbon peaks were at a maximum intensity in the XPS spectra. The coefficients of friction were high in the temperature range 400 to 800 C. Small amounts of carbon and oxygen contaminants were observed on the as received single crystal silicon carbide surface below 250 C. Silicon carbide type silicon and carbon peaks were seen on the silicon carbide in addition to very small amount of graphite and silicon dioxide at temperatures of 450 to 800 C.

  10. MC Carbide Characterization in High Refractory Content Powder-Processed Ni-Based Superalloys

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Antonov, Stoichko; Chen, Wei; Huo, Jiajie; Feng, Qiang; Isheim, Dieter; Seidman, David N.; Sun, Eugene; Tin, Sammy

    2018-06-01

    Carbide precipitates in Ni-based superalloys are considered to be desirable phases that can contribute to improving high-temperature properties as well as aid in microstructural refinement of the material; however, they can also serve as crack initiation sites during fatigue. To date, most of the knowledge pertaining to carbide formation has originated from assessments of cast and wrought Ni-based superalloys. As powder-processed Ni-based superalloys are becoming increasingly widespread, understanding the different mechanisms by which they form becomes increasingly important. Detailed characterization of MC carbides present in two experimental high Nb-content powder-processed Ni-based superalloys revealed that Hf additions affect the resultant carbide morphologies. This morphology difference was attributed to a higher magnitude of elastic strain energy along the interface associated with Hf being soluble in the MC carbide lattice. The composition of the MC carbides was studied through atom probe tomography and consisted of a complex carbonitride core, which was rich in Nb and with slight Hf segregation, surrounded by an Nb carbide shell. The characterization results of the segregation behavior of Hf in the MC carbides and the subsequent influence on their morphology were compared to density functional theory calculations and found to be in good agreement, suggesting that computational modeling can successfully be used to tailor carbide features.

  11. Carbide coated fibers in graphite-aluminum composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Imprescia, R. J.; Levinson, L. S.; Reiswig, R. D.; Wallace, T. C.; Williams, J. M.

    1975-01-01

    The study of protective-coupling layers of refractory metal carbides on the graphite fibers prior to their incorporation into composites is presented. Such layers should be directly wettable by liquid aluminum and should act as diffusion barriers to prevent the formation of aluminum carbide. Chemical vapor deposition was used to uniformly deposit thin, smooth, continuous coats of ZrC on the carbon fibers of tows derived from both rayon and polyacrylonitrile. A wet chemical coating of the fibers, followed by high-temperature treatment, was used, and showed promise as an alternative coating method. Experiments were performed to demonstrate the ability of aluminum alloys to wet carbide surfaces. Titanium carbide, zirconium carbide and carbide-coated graphite surfaces were successfully wetted. Results indicate that initial attempts to wet surfaces of ZrC-coated carbon fibers appear successful.

  12. Preparation and electrocatalytic activity of tungsten carbide and titania nanocomposite

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Hu, Sujuan; Shi, Binbin; Yao, Guoxing

    2011-10-15

    Graphical abstract: The electrocatalytic activity of tungsten carbide and titania nanocomposite is related to the structure, crystal phase and chemical components of the nanocomposite, and is also affected by the property of electrolyte. A synergistic effect exists between tungsten carbide and titania of the composite. Highlights: {yields} Electrocatalytic activity of tungsten carbide and titania nanocomposite with core-shell structure. {yields} Activity is related to the structure, crystal phase and chemical component of the nanocomposite. {yields} The property of electrolyte affects the electrocatalytic activity. {yields} A synergistic effect exists between tungsten carbide and titania of the composite. -- Abstract: Tungsten carbide andmore » titania nanocomposite was prepared by combining a reduced-carbonized approach with a mechanochemical approach. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope under scanning mode and X-ray energy dispersion spectrum. The results show that the crystal phases of the samples are composed of anatase, rutile, nonstoichiometry titanium oxide, monotungsten carbide, bitungsten carbide and nonstoichiometry tungsten carbide, and they can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the reduced-carbonized approach; tungsten carbide particles decorate on the surface of titania support, the diameter of tungsten carbide particle is smaller than 20 nm and that of titania is around 100 nm; the chemical components of the samples are Ti, O, W and C. The electrocatalytic activity of the samples was measured by a cyclic voltammetry with three electrodes. The results indicate that the electrocatalytic activities of the samples are related to their crystal phases and the property of electrolyte in aqueous solution. A synergistic effect between titania and tungsten carbide is reported for the first time.« less

  13. Eliminating child labour in Malawi: a British American Tobacco corporate responsibility project to sidestep tobacco labour exploitation

    PubMed Central

    Otañez, M G; Muggli, M E; Hurt, R D; Glantz, S A

    2006-01-01

    Objectives To examine British American Tobacco and other tobacco industry support of the Eliminating Child Labour in Tobacco Growing Foundation. Design Analyses of internal tobacco industry documents and ethnographic data. Results British American Tobacco co‐founded the Eliminating Child Labour in Tobacco Growing Foundation (ECLT) in October 2000 and launched its pilot project in Malawi. ECLT's initial projects were budgeted at US$2.3 million over four years. Labour unions and leaf dealers, through ECLT funds, have undertook modest efforts such as building schools, planting trees, and constructing shallow wells to address the use of child labour in tobacco farming. In stark contrast, the tobacco companies receive nearly US$40 million over four years in economic benefit through the use of unpaid child labour in Malawi during the same time. BAT's efforts to combat child labour in Malawi through ECLT was developed to support the company's “corporate social responsibility agenda” rather than accepting responsibility for taking meaningful steps to eradicate child labour in the Malawi tobacco sector. Conclusion In Malawi, transnational tobacco companies are using child labour projects to enhance corporate reputations and distract public attention from how they profit from low wages and cheap tobacco. PMID:16728754

  14. 40 CFR 424.50 - Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. 424.50 Section 424.50 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... CATEGORY Other Calcium Carbide Furnaces Subcategory § 424.50 Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges...

  15. 40 CFR 424.50 - Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. 424.50 Section 424.50 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... CATEGORY Other Calcium Carbide Furnaces Subcategory § 424.50 Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges...

  16. 40 CFR 424.50 - Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. 424.50 Section 424.50 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... CATEGORY Other Calcium Carbide Furnaces Subcategory § 424.50 Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges...

  17. 40 CFR 424.50 - Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. 424.50 Section 424.50 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... CATEGORY Other Calcium Carbide Furnaces Subcategory § 424.50 Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges...

  18. Assessing the quality of corporate social responsibility reports: the case of reporting practices in selected European Union member states.

    PubMed

    Hąbek, Patrycja; Wolniak, Radosław

    The organization may communicate its engagement in sustainability and may presents results achieved in this field by creating and publishing corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. Today, we can observe a growing number of companies issuing such reports as a part of their annual reports or as stand-alone CSR reports. Despite the increase in the number of such reports their quality is different. CSR reports do not always provide complete data that readers desire, which in turn intensifies the problem with the evaluation and comparison of the organization's results achieved in this scope. Differences also occur between reporting models used in different EU countries caused by, inter alia, differently applied EU legislation on the disclosure of non-financial information in different Member States. This paper is one of the first attempts to perform a quantitative and qualitative analysis of corporate sustainability reporting practices in several European Union countries. The purpose of this article is to present the current state of CSR reporting practices in selected EU Member States and identify the differences in the quality and level of this kind of practices, taking into account the mandatory and voluntary model of disclosure. The study included separate CSR reports as well as annual reports with CSR sections and integrated reports published in 2012 in six selected EU Member States. The authors have used a specific evaluation tool in the examination of the individual reports. The assessment questionnaire consists of seventeen criteria grouped into two categories (relevance and credibility of information). In order to assess the quality of examined reports, the authors aggregated the indicators related with the reporting practices. The findings show that the quality level of the studied reports is generally low. Referring to its components, the relevance of the information provided in the assessed reports is at the higher level than its credibility. The study also indicates that the legal obligation of CSR data disclosure has a positive effect on the quality of CSR reports.

  19. The State of Relations between the Countries of the Former Soviet Union and Its Former Client State of Syria: How Have the Relationships Changed After the Break-Up and What Does it Mean

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2000-04-27

    end of this visit, he stated his opinion that the western market was firmly controlled by Western corporations and there was not any sense in focusing...Belarussian efforts to compete in an overcrowded market . To this end, there were plans made to open a Belarussian diplomatic representation and a...Works was exploring the possibility of having its MTZ-321 tractors assembled from kits in Syria. The report went on to state that the market in Syria for

  20. Method for homogenizing alloys susceptible to the formation of carbide stringers and alloys prepared thereby

    DOEpatents

    Braski, David N.; Leitnaker, James M.

    1980-01-01

    A novel fabrication procedure prevents or eliminates the reprecipitation of segregated metal carbides such as stringers in Ti-modified Hastelloy N and stainless steels to provide a novel alloy having carbides uniformly dispersed throughout the matrix. The fabrication procedure is applicable to other alloys prone to the formation of carbide stringers. The process comprises first annealing the alloy at a temperature above the single phase temperature for sufficient time to completely dissolve carbides and then annealing the single phase alloy for an additional time to prevent the formation of carbide stringers upon subsequent aging or thermomechanical treatment.

  1. Anisotropic Tribological Properties of Silicon Carbide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.

    1980-01-01

    The anisotropic friction, deformation and fracture behavior of single crystal silicon carbide surfaces were investigated in two categories. The categories were called adhesive and abrasive wear processes, respectively. In the adhesive wear process, the adhesion, friction and wear of silicon carbide were markedly dependent on crystallographic orientation. The force to reestablish the shearing fracture of adhesive bond at the interface between silicon carbide and metal was the lowest in the preferred orientation of silicon carbide slip system. The fracturing of silicon carbide occurred near the adhesive bond to metal and it was due to primary cleavages of both prismatic (10(-1)0) and basal (0001) planes.

  2. 40 CFR 424.50 - Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. 424.50 Section 424.50 Protection of Environment... SOURCE CATEGORY Other Calcium Carbide Furnaces Subcategory § 424.50 Applicability; description of the other calcium carbide furnaces subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to discharges...

  3. Cobalt Doping of Semiconducting Boron Carbide Using Cobaltocene

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2007-03-01

    COBALT DOPING OF SEMICONDUCTING BORON CARBIDE USING COBALTOCENE THESIS Lonnie Carlson, Major...DOPING OF SEMICONDUCTING BORON CARBIDE USING COBALTOCENE THESIS Presented to the Faculty Department of Engineering Physics Graduate School...DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED AFIT/GNE/ENP/07-01 COBALT DOPING OF SEMICONDUCTING BORON CARBIDE USING COBALTOCENE Lonnie

  4. Role of microstructure in caustic stress corrosion cracking of Alloy 690

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Mertz, D.A.; Duda, P.T.; Pica, P.N.

    1995-12-31

    Alloy 690 has been selected for nuclear heat transport system tubing application in recent commercial reactor plants due to its resistance to multiple types of corrosion attack. Typical corn final heat treatments for this material are a mill-anneal (MA, approximately 1,070 C) to completely dissolve the carbides and develop the final grain structure plus a thermal treatment (TT, approximately 700 C) to precipitate carbides at the grain boundaries. Tubing with grain boundary carbides and no or few intragranular carbides has been found resistant to intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in caustic environments. In this work, first, Alloy 690 plate wasmore » subjected to a variety of MA and MA-TT heat treatments to create microstructures of carbide-decorated grain boundaries and undecorated boundaries. Caustic IGSCC test results were consistent with tubing data. Second, experiments were conducted to understand the mechanism by which caustic-corrosion resistance is imparted to Alloy 690 by grain boundary carbides. Tubing with a fully-developed MA-TT carbide microstructure was strained and heat-treated to create a mixed microstructure of new grain boundaries with no carbide precipitate decoration, intermixed with intragranular carbide strings from prior grain boundaries. Caustic SCC performance of this material was identical to that of material with the MA-TT carbide-decorated grain boundaries. This work suggests that the fundamental cause of good IGSCC resistance of MA-TT Alloy 690 in caustic does not derive solely from grain boundary carbides. It is suggested that matrix strength, as measured by yield stress, could be a controlling factor.« less

  5. Effect of Spheroidizing Annealing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steel 8Cr13MoV

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yu, Wen-Tao; Li, Jing; Shi, Cheng-Bin; Zhu, Qin-Tian

    2017-02-01

    The effects of holding time during both austenitizing and spheroidizing on microstructure and mechanical properties of high-carbon martensitic stainless steel 8Cr13MoV were experimentally studied. The results showed that the amount of carbides and the proportion of fine carbides decrease first and then increase with the increase in austenitizing time ( t 1) in the case of short spheroidizing time ( t 2), whereas the amount of the lamellar carbides increases. In the case of long t 2, both the amount of carbides and the proportion of fine carbides decrease, and the amount of the lamellar carbides did not increase. The hardness of the steel decreases first and then increases with the increase of t 1. Under the conditions of different t 1, the change in the size of carbides and hardness of the steel show a same trend with the variation of t 2. The size of spheroidized carbides increases, whereas the hardness of the steel decreases with increasing t 2. The longer the holding time of austenitizing, the higher is the spheroidizing rate at the earlier stage. However, the spheroidizing rate shows an opposite trend with t 1 at the later stage of spheroidizing. The effect of cooling rate on microstructure is similar with t 2. With increasing cooling rate, the dimension of carbides became smaller, and the amount of lamellar carbides increased. The elongation of the sample fracture exhibits no corresponding relationship with holding time, whereas it is closely related to the precipitation of secondary carbides caused by the alloying elements segregation.

  6. Methods for producing silicon carbide fibers

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Garnier, John E.; Griffith, George W.

    Methods of producing silicon carbide fibers. The method comprises reacting a continuous carbon fiber material and a silicon-containing gas in a reaction chamber at a temperature ranging from approximately 1500.degree. C. to approximately 2000.degree. C. A partial pressure of oxygen in the reaction chamber is maintained at less than approximately 1.01.times.10.sup.2 Pascal to produce continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers. Continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers and articles formed from the continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers are also disclosed.

  7. Tunable carbon nanotube-tungsten carbide nanoparticles heterostructures by vapor deposition

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Xia, Min; Guo, Hongyan; Ge, Changchun

    2014-05-14

    A simple, versatile route for the synthesis of carbon nanotube (CNT)-tungsten carbide nanoparticles heterostructures was set up via vapor deposition process. For the first time, amorphous CNTs (α-CNTs) were used to immobilized tungsten carbide nanoparticles. By adjusting the synthesis and annealing temperature, α-CNTs/amorphous tungsten carbide, α-CNTs/W{sub 2}C, and CNTs/W{sub 2}C/WC heterostructures were prepared. This approach provides an efficient method to attach other metal carbides and other nanoparticles to carbon nanotubes with tunable properties.

  8. Silicon carbide fibers and articles including same

    DOEpatents

    Garnier, John E; Griffith, George W

    2015-01-27

    Methods of producing silicon carbide fibers. The method comprises reacting a continuous carbon fiber material and a silicon-containing gas in a reaction chamber at a temperature ranging from approximately 1500.degree. C. to approximately 2000.degree. C. A partial pressure of oxygen in the reaction chamber is maintained at less than approximately 1.01.times.10.sup.2 Pascal to produce continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers. Continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers and articles formed from the continuous alpha silicon carbide fibers are also disclosed.

  9. Method of joining ceramics

    DOEpatents

    Henager, Jr., Charles H.; Brimhall, John L.

    2000-01-01

    According to the method of the present invention, joining a first bi-element carbide to a second bi-element carbide, has the steps of: (a) forming a bond agent containing a metal carbide and silicon; (b) placing the bond agent between the first and second bi-element carbides to form a pre-assembly; and (c) pressing and heating the pre-assembly in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature effective to induce a displacement reaction creating a metal silicon phase bonding the first and second bi-element carbides.

  10. Low-temperature electrical resistivity of transition-metal carbides

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Allison, C. Y.; Finch, C. B.; Foegelle, M. D.; Modine, F. A.

    1988-10-01

    The electrical resistivities of single crystals of ZrC 0.93, VC 0.88, NbC 0.95, and TaC 0.99 were measured from liquid helium temperature to 350 K. The Bloch-Gruneisen theory of electrical resistivity gives a good fit to the zirconium carbide and the vanadium carbide measurements. In contrast, the resistivities of the two superconducting crystals, tantalum carbide and niobium carbide, show excellent agreement with the Wilson model. The appropriate model appears to depend upon the superconducting properties of the crystals.

  11. Chemical state of fission products in irradiated uranium carbide fuel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Arai, Yasuo; Iwai, Takashi; Ohmichi, Toshihiko

    1987-12-01

    The chemical state of fission products in irradiated uranium carbide fuel has been estimated by equilibrium calculation using the SOLGASMIX-PV program. Solid state fission products are distributed to the fuel matrix, ternary compounds, carbides of fission products and intermetallic compounds among the condensed phases appearing in the irradiated uranium carbide fuel. The chemical forms are influenced by burnup as well as stoichiometry of the fuel. The results of the present study almost agree with the experimental ones reported for burnup simulated carbides.

  12. Cobalt-Free Permanent Magnet Alloys.

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1984-10-01

    carbide co- UC CbC lumbium carbide M003 Uranium carbide - tho- UC 2 25ThC rium carbide ZrO2 MgO WOs Use of this Process for MnAlC As indicated in the...cobalt. Free World Cobal Consumption Estimated Breakdown by End Uses Magnetic alloys 20% Cemented carbides - 5% 30 SuPerolloy _ 15% Other steels and...would normally result in the formation of binary alloy of TbFe 2 and preventing the formation of amorphous alloy (Fe-B) contain- ing Tb. The

  13. Dilatometry Analysis of Dissolution of Cr-Rich Carbides in Martensitic Stainless Steels

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, Qiuliang; Volkova, Olena; Biermann, Horst; Mola, Javad

    2017-12-01

    The dissolution of Cr-rich carbides formed in the martensitic constituent of a 13 pct Cr stainless steel was studied by dilatometry and correlative electron channeling contrast examinations. The dissolution of carbides subsequent to the martensite reversion to austenite was associated with a net volume expansion which in turn increased the dilatometry-based apparent coefficient of thermal expansion (CTEa) during continuous heating. The effects of carbides fraction and size on the CTEa variations during carbides dissolution are discussed.

  14. NUCLEAR FUEL MATERIAL

    DOEpatents

    Goeddel, W.V.

    1962-06-26

    An improved method is given for making the carbides of nuclear fuel material. The metal of the fuel material, which may be a fissile and/or fertile material, is transformed into a silicide, after which the silicide is comminuted to the desired particle size. This silicide is then carburized at an elevated temperature, either above or below the melting point of the silicide, to produce an intimate mixture of the carbide of the fuel material and the carbide of silicon. This mixture of the fuel material carbide and the silicon carbide is relatively stable in the presence of moisture and does not exhibit the highly reactive surface condition which is observed with fuel material carbides made by most other known methods. (AEC)

  15. Boron containing multilayer coatings and method of fabrication

    DOEpatents

    Makowiecki, D.M.; Jankowski, A.F.

    1997-09-23

    Hard coatings are fabricated from multilayer boron/boron carbide, boron carbide/cubic boron nitride, and boron/boron nitride/boron carbide, and the fabrication thereof involves magnetron sputtering in a selected atmosphere. These hard coatings may be applied to tools and engine and other parts, as well to reduce wear on tribological surfaces and electronic devices. These boron coatings contain no morphological growth features. For example, the boron and boron carbide used in forming the multilayers are formed in an inert (e.g. argon) atmosphere, while the cubic boron nitride is formed in a reactive (e.g. nitrogen) atmosphere. The multilayer boron/boron carbide, and boron carbide/cubic boron nitride is produced by depositing alternate layers of boron, cubic boron nitride or boron carbide, with the alternate layers having a thickness of 1 nanometer to 1 micrometer, and at least the interfaces of the layers may be of a discrete or a blended or graded composition. 6 figs.

  16. Boron containing multilayer coatings and method of fabrication

    DOEpatents

    Makowiecki, Daniel M.; Jankowski, Alan F.

    1997-01-01

    Hard coatings are fabricated from multilayer boron/boron carbide, boron carbide/cubic boron nitride, and boron/boron nitride/boron carbide, and the fabrication thereof involves magnetron sputtering in a selected atmosphere. These hard coatings may be applied to tools and engine and other parts, as well to reduce wear on tribological surfaces and electronic devices. These boron coatings contain no morphological growth features. For example, the boron and boron carbide used in forming the multilayers are formed in an inert (e.g. argon) atmosphere, while the cubic boron nitride is formed in a reactive (e.g. nitrogen) atmosphere. The multilayer boron/boron carbide, and boron carbide/cubic boron nitride is produced by depositing alternate layers of boron, cubic boron nitride or boron carbide, with the alternate layers having a thickness of 1 nanometer to 1 micrometer, and at least the interfaces of the layers may be of a discrete or a blended or graded composition.

  17. Ceramic material suitable for repair of a space vehicle component in a microgravity and vacuum environment, method of making same, and method of repairing a space vehicle component

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Riedell, James A. (Inventor); Easler, Timothy E. (Inventor)

    2009-01-01

    A precursor of a ceramic adhesive suitable for use in a vacuum, thermal, and microgravity environment. The precursor of the ceramic adhesive includes a silicon-based, preceramic polymer and at least one ceramic powder selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, boron carbide, boron oxide, boron nitride, hafnium boride, hafnium carbide, hafnium oxide, lithium aluminate, molybdenum silicide, niobium carbide, niobium nitride, silicon boride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, tin oxide, tantalum boride, tantalum carbide, tantalum oxide, tantalum nitride, titanium boride, titanium carbide, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, yttrium oxide, zirconium diboride, zirconium carbide, zirconium oxide, and zirconium silicate. Methods of forming the ceramic adhesive and of repairing a substrate in a vacuum and microgravity environment are also disclosed, as is a substrate repaired with the ceramic adhesive.

  18. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu Yong; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Liu Fengxiao

    Cemented carbides with a functionally graded structure have significantly improved mechanical properties and lifetimes in cutting, drilling and molding. In this work, WC-6 wt.% Co cemented carbides with three-layer graded structure (surface layer rich in WC, mid layer rich in Co and the inner part of the average composition) were prepared by carburizing pre-sintered {eta}-phase-containing cemented carbides. The three-point bending fatigue tests based on the total-life approach were conducted on both WC-6wt%Co functionally graded cemented carbides (FGCC) and conventional WC-6wt%Co cemented carbides. The functionally graded cemented carbide shows a slightly higher fatigue limit ({approx}100 MPa) than the conventional ones undermore » the present testing conditions. However, the fatigue crack nucleation behavior of FGCC is different from that of the conventional ones. The crack nucleates preferentially along the Co-gradient and perpendicular to the tension surface in FGCC, while parallel to the tension surface in conventional cemented carbides.« less

  19. Novel hard compositions and methods of preparation

    DOEpatents

    Sheinberg, Haskell

    1983-08-23

    Novel very hard compositions of matter are prepared by using in all embodiments only a minor amount of a particular carbide (or materials which can form the carbide in situ when subjected to heat and pressure); and no strategic cobalt is needed. Under a particular range of conditions, densified compositions of matter of the invention are prepared having hardnesses on the Rockwell A test substantially equal to the hardness of pure tungsten carbide and to two of the hardest commercial cobalt-bonded tungsten carbides. Alternately, other compositions of the invention which have slightly lower hardnesses than those described above in one embodiment also possess the advantage of requiring no tungsten and in another embodiment possess the advantage of having a good fracture toughness value. Photomicrographs show that the shapes of the grains of the alloy mixture with which the minor amount of carbide (or carbide-formers) is mixed are radically altered from large, rounded to small, very angular by the addition of the carbide. Superiority of one of these hard compositions of matter over cobalt-bonded tungsten carbide for ultra-high pressure anvil applications was demonstrated.

  20. Carbide Precipitation in 2.25 Cr-1 Mo Bainitic Steel: Effect of Heating and Isothermal Tempering Conditions

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dépinoy, Sylvain; Toffolon-Masclet, Caroline; Urvoy, Stéphane; Roubaud, Justine; Marini, Bernard; Roch, François; Kozeschnik, Ernst; Gourgues-Lorenzon, Anne-Françoise

    2017-05-01

    The effect of the tempering heat treatment, including heating prior to the isothermal step, on carbide precipitation has been determined in a 2.25 Cr-1 Mo bainitic steel for thick-walled applications. The carbides were identified using their amount of metallic elements, morphology, nucleation sites, and diffraction patterns. The evolution of carbide phase fraction, morphology, and composition was investigated using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, as well as thermodynamic calculations. Upon heating, retained austenite into the as-quenched material decomposes into ferrite and cementite. M7C3 carbides then nucleate at the interface between the cementite and the matrix, triggering the dissolution of cementite. M2C carbides precipitate separately within the bainitic laths during slow heating. M23C6 carbides precipitate at the interfaces (lath boundaries or prior austenite grain boundaries) and grow by attracting nearby chromium atoms, which results in the dissolution of M7C3 and, depending on the temperature, coarsening, or dissolution of M2C carbides, respectively.

  1. Novel hard compositions and methods of preparation

    DOEpatents

    Sheinberg, H.

    1983-08-23

    Novel very hard compositions of matter are prepared by using in all embodiments only a minor amount of a particular carbide (or materials which can form the carbide in situ when subjected to heat and pressure); and no strategic cobalt is needed. Under a particular range of conditions, densified compositions of matter of the invention are prepared having hardnesses on the Rockwell A test substantially equal to the hardness of pure tungsten carbide and to two of the hardest commercial cobalt-bonded tungsten carbides. Alternately, other compositions of the invention which have slightly lower hardnesses than those described above in one embodiment also possess the advantage of requiring no tungsten and in another embodiment possess the advantage of having a good fracture toughness value. Photomicrographs show that the shapes of the grains of the alloy mixture with which the minor amount of carbide (or carbide-formers) is mixed are radically altered from large, rounded to small, very angular by the addition of the carbide. Superiority of one of these hard compositions of matter over cobalt-bonded tungsten carbide for ultra-high pressure anvil applications was demonstrated. 3 figs.

  2. Effect of electroslag remelting on carbides in 8Cr13MoV martensitic stainless steel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhu, Qin-tian; Li, Jing; Shi, Cheng-bin; Yu, Wen-tao

    2015-11-01

    The effect of electroslag remelting (ESR) on carbides in 8Cr13MoV martensitic stainless steel was experimentally studied. Phases precipitated from liquid steel during solidification were calculated using the Thermo-Calc software. The carbon segregation was analyzed by original position analysis (OPA), and the carbides were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that more uniform carbon distribution and less segregation were obtained in the case of samples subjected to the ESR process. After ESR, the amount of netty carbides decreased significantly, and the chromium and vanadium contents in the grain-boundary carbides was reduced. The total area and average size of carbides were obviously smaller after the ESR process. In the sample subjected to ESR, the morphology of carbides changed from lamellar and angular to globular or lump, whereas the types of carbides did not change; both M23C6 and M7C3 were present before and after the ESR process.

  3. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Wang, Hongfen, E-mail: wanghongfen11@163.com; Wang, Zhiqi; Chen, Shougang

    Molybdenum carbides with surfactants as carbon sources were prepared using the carbothermal reduction of the appropriate precursors (molybdenum oxides deposited on surfactant micelles) at 1023 K under hydrogen gas. The carburized products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and BET surface area measurements. From the SEM images, hollow microspherical and rod-like molybdenum carbides were observed. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the annealing time of carburization had a large effect on the conversion of molybdenum oxides to molybdenum carbides. And BET surface area measurements indicated that the difference of carbon sources brought a big difference in specific surfacemore » areas of molybdenum carbides. - Graphical abstract: Molybdenum carbides having hollow microspherical and hollow rod-like morphologies that are different from the conventional monodipersed platelet-like morphologies. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Molybdenum carbides were prepared using surfactants as carbon sources. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The kinds of surfactants affected the morphologies of molybdenum carbides. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The time of heat preservation at 1023 K affected the carburization process. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Molybdenum carbides with hollow structures had larger specific surface areas.« less

  4. Formation Energies and Electronic Properties of Vanadium Carbides Found in High Strength Steel Alloys

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Limmer, Krista; Medvedeva, Julia

    2013-03-01

    Carbide formation and stabilization in steels is of great interest owing to its effect on the microstructure and properties of the Fe-based alloys. The appearance of carbides with different metal/C ratios strongly depends on the carbon concentration, alloy composition as well as the heat treatment. Strong carbide-forming elements such as Ti, V, and Nb have been used in microalloyed steels; with VC showing an increased solubility in the iron matrix as compared with TiC and NbC. This allows for dissolution of the VC into the steel during heating and fine precipitation during cooling. In addition to VC, the primary vanadium carbide with cubic structure, a wide range of non-stoichiometric compositions VCy with y varying from 0.72 to 0.88, has been observed. This range includes two ordered compounds, V8C7 and V6C5. In this study, first-principles density functional theory (DFT) is employed to examine the stability of the binary carbides by calculating their formation energies. We compare the local structures (atomic coordination, bond distances and angles) and the density of states in optimized geometries of the carbides. Further, the effect of alloying additions, such as niobium and titanium, on the carbide stabilization is investigated. We determine the energetically preferable substitutional atom location in each carbide and study the impurity distribution as well as its role in the carbide formation energy and electronic structure.

  5. Crystallographic characterizations of eutectic and secondary carbides in a Fe-12Cr-2.5Mo-1.5W-3V-1.25C alloy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Guo, Jing; Liu, Ligang; Feng, Yunli; Liu, Sha; Ren, Xuejun; Yang, Qingxiang

    2017-03-01

    In this work, the morphology and structures of the eutectic and secondary carbides in a new high chromium Fe-12Cr-2.5Mo-1.5W-3V-1.25C designed for cold-rolling work roll were systematically studied. The precipitated carbides inside the grains and along the grain boundaries were investigated with optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction. Selected area diffraction patterns have been successfully used to identify the crystal formation and lattice constants of the carbides with different alloying elements. The results show that the eutectic carbides precipitated contain MC and M2C distributed along the grain boundaries with dendrite feature. The composition and crystal structure analysis shows that the eutectic MC carbides contain VC and WC with a cubic and hexagonal crystal lattice structures respectively, while the eutectic M2C carbides predominantly contain V2C and Mo2C with orthorhombic and hexagonal crystal lattices respectively. The secondary carbides contain MC, M2C, M7C3 formed along the grain boundaries and their sizes are much larger than the eutectic carbides ones. The secondary M23C6 is much small (0.3-0.5μm) and is distributed dispersively inside the grain. Similar to the eutectic carbides, the secondary carbides also contain VC, WC, V2C, and Mo2C. M7C3 is hexagonal (Fe,Cr)7C3, while M23C6 is indexed to be in a cubic crystal form.

  6. Occupational hazards, living conditions, and physical assault of sugar cane workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

    PubMed

    Robins, T G; Salie, F; Gwagwa, T

    1998-09-01

    To characterise the occupational hazards and living conditions of sugar cane workers in KwaZulu-Natal. Based on information provided by shop stewards, a survey instrument (questionnaire) was constructed for administration to union members. Seven sugar cane farms and estates owned by one large corporation in late 1993. Members of the South African Farm and Allied Workers Union (SAFAWU). Of the 632 participants, 50% were permanent workers, 22.3% were seasonal workers and 27.7% were casual workers. Mean daily pay ranged from R5 to R35 per worker. The majority of participants reported substandard housing both during the growing season and during the off-season. Percentages reporting health problems in the last 12 months believed by the respondent to be caused or made worse by work included 79% with eye problems, 78% with upper respiratory problems, 88% with lower respiratory problems, 93% with musculoskeletal problems, and 81% with an acute traumatic injury. More than half the participants reported fainting, collapsing or illness from working on hot or sunny days. Fourteen per cent reported being struck with the fist or hand, or being pushed, shoved or kicked by a farm owner, member of the owner's family, manager or supervisor; 9% reported being struck with an object, whipped, or attacked or threatened with a knife or gun by one of these same individuals. Sugar cane workers employed by a large corporation in KwaZulu-Natal appear to face severe threats to their physical and psychological well-being including: (i) inadequate pay to meet basic living needs; (ii) substandard living conditions; (iii) significant occupational hazards resulting in high reported levels of occupational illness and injury; and (iv) physical and psychological abuse and intimidation by farm owners and their agents.

  7. A new criterion for predicting rolling-element fatigue lives of through-hardened steels

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chevalier, J. L.; Zaretsky, E. V.; Parker, R. J.

    1972-01-01

    A carbide factor was derived based upon a statistical analysis which related rolling-element fatigue life to the total number of residual carbide particles per unit area, median residual carbide size, and percent residual carbide area. An equation was experimentally determined which predicts material hardness as a function of temperature. The limiting temperatures of all of the materials studied were dependent on initial room temperature hardness and tempering temperature. An equation was derived combining the effects of material hardness, carbide factor, and bearing temperature to predict rolling-element bearing life.

  8. METHOD OF JOINING CARBIDES TO BASE METALS

    DOEpatents

    Krikorian, N.H.; Farr, J.D.; Witteman, W.G.

    1962-02-13

    A method is described for joining a refractory metal carbide such as UC or ZrC to a refractory metal base such as Ta or Nb. The method comprises carburizing the surface of the metal base and then sintering the base and carbide at temperatures of about 2000 deg C in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, the base and carbide being held in contact during the sintering step. To reduce the sintering temperature and time, a sintering aid such as iron, nickel, or cobait is added to the carbide, not to exceed 5 wt%. (AEC)

  9. COATED CARBON ELEMENT FOR USE IN NUCLEAR REACTORS AND THE PROCESS OF MAKING THE ELEMENT

    DOEpatents

    Pyle, R.J.; Allen, G.L.

    1963-01-15

    S>This patent relates to a carbide-nitride-carbide coating for carbon bodies that are to be subjected to a high temperature nuclear reactor atmosphere, and a method of applying the same. This coating is a highly efficient diffusion barrier and protects the C body from corrosion and erosion by the reactor atmosphere. Preferably, the innermost coating is Zr carbide, the middle coatlng is Zr nitride, and the outermost coating is a mixture of Zr and Nb carbide. The nitride coating acts as a diffusion barrier, while the innermost carbide bonds the nitride to the C body and prevents deleterious reaction between the nitride and C body. The outermost carbide coating protects the nitride coating from the reactor atmosphere. (AEC)

  10. Compatibility of buffered uranium carbides with tungsten.

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Phillips, W. M.

    1971-01-01

    Results of compatibility tests between tungsten and hyperstoichiometric uranium carbide alloys run at 1800 C for 1000 and 2500 hours. These tests compared tungsten-buffered uranium carbide with tungsten-buffered uranium-zirconium carbide. The zirconium carbide addition appeared to widen the homogeneity range of the uranium carbide, making additional carbon available for reaction. Reaction layers could be formed by either of two diffusion paths, one producing UWC2, while the second resulted in the formation of W2C. UWC2 acts as a diffusion barrier for carbon and slows the growth of the reaction layer with time, while carbon diffusion is relatively rapid in W2C, allowing equilibrium to be reached in less than 2500 hours at a temperature of 1800 C.

  11. Characterization of transition carbides in quench and partitioned steel microstructures by Mössbauer spectroscopy and complementary techniques

    DOE PAGES

    Pierce, D. T.; Coughlin, D. R.; Williamson, D. L.; ...

    2015-05-01

    Quenching and partitioning (Q&P) produces steel microstructures with martensite and austenite that exhibit promising property combinations for third generation advanced high strength steels. Understanding the kinetics of reactions that compete for available carbon, such as carbide formation, is critical for alloying and processing design and achieving austenite enrichment and retention during Q&P. Mössbauer effect spectroscopy (MES) was used to characterize Q&P microstructures in a 0.38C-1.54Mn-1.48Si wt.% steel after quenching to 225 °C and partitioning at 400 °C for 10 or 300 s, with an emphasis on transition carbides. The recoilless fraction for η-carbide was calculated and a correction for saturationmore » of the MES absorption spectrum was applied, making quantitative measurements of small amounts of η-carbide, including non-stoichiometric η-carbide, possible in Q&P microstructures. Complementary transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of η-carbides, and MES and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the austenite. The amount of η-carbide formed during Q&P ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 at.%, accounting for a substantial portion (~24% to 41%) of the bulk carbon content of the steel. The amount (5.0 at.%) of η-carbide that formed after quenching and tempering (Q&T) at 400 °C for 300 s was significantly greater than after partitioning at 400 °C for 300 s (2.4 at.%), suggesting that carbon partitioning from martensite to austenite occurs in conjunction with η-carbide formation during Q&P in these specimens.« less

  12. A silicon carbide array for electrocorticography and peripheral nerve recording.

    PubMed

    Diaz-Botia, C A; Luna, L E; Neely, R M; Chamanzar, M; Carraro, C; Carmena, J M; Sabes, P N; Maboudian, R; Maharbiz, M M

    2017-10-01

    Current neural probes have a limited device lifetime of a few years. Their common failure mode is the degradation of insulating films and/or the delamination of the conductor-insulator interfaces. We sought to develop a technology that does not suffer from such limitations and would be suitable for chronic applications with very long device lifetimes. We developed a fabrication method that integrates polycrystalline conductive silicon carbide with insulating silicon carbide. The technology employs amorphous silicon carbide as the insulator and conductive silicon carbide at the recording sites, resulting in a seamless transition between doped and amorphous regions of the same material, eliminating heterogeneous interfaces prone to delamination. Silicon carbide has outstanding chemical stability, is biocompatible, is an excellent molecular barrier and is compatible with standard microfabrication processes. We have fabricated silicon carbide electrode arrays using our novel fabrication method. We conducted in vivo experiments in which electrocorticography recordings from the primary visual cortex of a rat were obtained and were of similar quality to those of polymer based electrocorticography arrays. The silicon carbide electrode arrays were also used as a cuff electrode wrapped around the sciatic nerve of a rat to record the nerve response to electrical stimulation. Finally, we demonstrated the outstanding long term stability of our insulating silicon carbide films through accelerated aging tests. Clinical translation in neural engineering has been slowed in part due to the poor long term performance of current probes. Silicon carbide devices are a promising technology that may accelerate this transition by enabling truly chronic applications.

  13. A silicon carbide array for electrocorticography and peripheral nerve recording

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Diaz-Botia, C. A.; Luna, L. E.; Neely, R. M.; Chamanzar, M.; Carraro, C.; Carmena, J. M.; Sabes, P. N.; Maboudian, R.; Maharbiz, M. M.

    2017-10-01

    Objective. Current neural probes have a limited device lifetime of a few years. Their common failure mode is the degradation of insulating films and/or the delamination of the conductor-insulator interfaces. We sought to develop a technology that does not suffer from such limitations and would be suitable for chronic applications with very long device lifetimes. Approach. We developed a fabrication method that integrates polycrystalline conductive silicon carbide with insulating silicon carbide. The technology employs amorphous silicon carbide as the insulator and conductive silicon carbide at the recording sites, resulting in a seamless transition between doped and amorphous regions of the same material, eliminating heterogeneous interfaces prone to delamination. Silicon carbide has outstanding chemical stability, is biocompatible, is an excellent molecular barrier and is compatible with standard microfabrication processes. Main results. We have fabricated silicon carbide electrode arrays using our novel fabrication method. We conducted in vivo experiments in which electrocorticography recordings from the primary visual cortex of a rat were obtained and were of similar quality to those of polymer based electrocorticography arrays. The silicon carbide electrode arrays were also used as a cuff electrode wrapped around the sciatic nerve of a rat to record the nerve response to electrical stimulation. Finally, we demonstrated the outstanding long term stability of our insulating silicon carbide films through accelerated aging tests. Significance. Clinical translation in neural engineering has been slowed in part due to the poor long term performance of current probes. Silicon carbide devices are a promising technology that may accelerate this transition by enabling truly chronic applications.

  14. SOLID SOLUTION CARBIDES ARE THE KEY FUELS FOR FUTURE NUCLEAR THERMAL PROPULSION

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Panda, Binayak; Hickman, Robert R.; Shah, Sandeep

    2005-01-01

    Nuclear thermal propulsion uses nuclear energy to directly heat a propellant (such as liquid hydrogen) to generate thrust for space transportation. In the 1960 s, the early Rover/Nuclear Engine for Rocket Propulsion Application (NERVA) program showed very encouraging test results for space nuclear propulsion but, in recent years, fuel research has been dismal. With NASA s renewed interest in long-term space exploration, fuel researchers are now revisiting the RoverMERVA findings, which indicated several problems with such fuels (such as erosion, chemical reaction of the fuel with propellant, fuel cracking, and cladding issues) that must be addressed. It is also well known that the higher the temperature reached by a propellant, the larger the thrust generated from the same weight of propellant. Better use of fuel and propellant requires development of fuels capable of reaching very high temperatures. Carbides have the highest melting points of any known material. Efforts are underway to develop carbide mixtures and solid solutions that contain uranium carbide, in order to achieve very high fuel temperatures. Binary solid solution carbides (U, Zr)C have proven to be very effective in this regard. Ternary carbides such as (U, Zr, X) carbides (where X represents Nb, Ta, W, and Hf) also hold great promise as fuel material, since the carbide mixtures in solid solution generate a very hard and tough compact material. This paper highlights past experience with early fuel materials and bi-carbides, technical problems associated with consolidation of the ingredients, and current techniques being developed to consolidate ternary carbides as fuel materials.

  15. Solid oxide membrane-assisted controllable electrolytic fabrication of metal carbides in molten salt.

    PubMed

    Zou, Xingli; Zheng, Kai; Lu, Xionggang; Xu, Qian; Zhou, Zhongfu

    2016-08-15

    Silicon carbide (SiC), titanium carbide (TiC), zirconium carbide (ZrC), and tantalum carbide (TaC) have been electrochemically produced directly from their corresponding stoichiometric metal oxides/carbon (MOx/C) precursors by electrodeoxidation in molten calcium chloride (CaCl2). An assembled yttria stabilized zirconia solid oxide membrane (SOM)-based anode was employed to control the electrodeoxidation process. The SOM-assisted controllable electrochemical process was carried out in molten CaCl2 at 1000 °C with a potential of 3.5 to 4.0 V. The reaction mechanism of the electrochemical production process and the characteristics of these produced metal carbides (MCs) were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analyses clearly identify that SiC, TiC, ZrC, and TaC carbides can be facilely fabricated. SiC carbide can be controlled to form a homogeneous nanowire structure, while the morphologies of TiC, ZrC, and TaC carbides exhibit porous nodular structures with micro/nanoscale particles. The complex chemical/electrochemical reaction processes including the compounding, electrodeoxidation, dissolution-electrodeposition, and in situ carbonization processes in molten CaCl2 are also discussed. The present results preliminarily demonstrate that the molten salt-based SOM-assisted electrodeoxidation process has the potential to be used for the facile and controllable electrodeoxidation of MOx/C precursors to micro/nanostructured MCs, which can potentially be used for various applications.

  16. A Novel Method to Calculate the Carbides Fraction from Dilatometric Measurements During Cooling in Hot-Work Tool Steel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhao, Xiaoli; Li, Chuanwei; Han, Lizhan; Gu, Jianfeng

    2018-06-01

    Dilatometry is a useful technique to obtain experimental data concerning transformation. In this paper, a dilation conversional model was established to calculate carbides fraction in AISI H13 hot-work tool steel based on the measured length changes. After carbides precipitation, the alloy contents in the matrix changed. In the usual models, the content of carbon atoms after precipitation is considered as the only element that affects the lattice constant and the content of the alloy elements such as Cr, Mo, Mn, V are often ignored. In the model introduced in this paper, the alloying elements (Cr, Mo, Mn, V) changes caused by carbides precipitation are incorporated. The carbides were identified using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The relationship between lattice constant of carbides and temperature are measured by high-temperature X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the carbides observed in all specimens cooled at different rates are V-rich MC and Cr-rich M23C6, and most of them are V-rich MC, only very few are Cr-rich M23C6. The model including the effects of substitutional alloying elements shows a good improvement on carbides fraction predictions. In addition, lower cooling rate advances the carbides precipitation for AISI H13 specimens. The results between experiments and mathematical model agree well.

  17. New Structural Materials

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1989-03-25

    3887) Tantalum Carbide (TaC) 4150 (3877) Niobium Carbide 4023 (3750) Carbon (Graphite) 3970 (3697) Zirconium Carbide 3805 (3532) Tungsten 3643 3643...process. Some fibers, especially those made of tungsten , silicon carbide, and zirconia, survived the reaction conditions. However, the ceramic bodies...displayed cracks and voids. Examination by SEM of cross’sections of the reacted parts made with tungsten fibers disclosed the presence of "whiskers

  18. Co-precipitated and collocated carbides and Cu-rich precipitates in a Fe-Cu steel characterized by atom-probe tomography.

    PubMed

    Kolli, R Prakash; Seidman, David N

    2014-12-01

    The composition of co-precipitated and collocated NbC carbide precipitates, Fe3C iron carbide (cementite), and Cu-rich precipitates are studied experimentally by atom-probe tomography (APT). The Cu-rich precipitates located at a grain boundary (GB) are also studied. The APT results for the carbides are supplemented with computational thermodynamics predictions of composition at thermodynamic equilibrium. Two types of NbC carbide precipitates are distinguished based on their stoichiometric ratio and size. The Cu-rich precipitates at the periphery of the iron carbide and at the GB are larger than those distributed in the α-Fe (body-centered cubic) matrix, which is attributed to short-circuit diffusion of Cu along the GB. Manganese segregation is not observed at the heterophase interfaces of the Cu-rich precipitates that are located at the periphery of the iron carbide or at the GB, which is unlike those located at the edge of the NbC carbide precipitates or distributed in the α-Fe matrix. This suggests the presence of two populations of NiAl-type (B2 structure) phases at the heterophase interfaces in multicomponent Fe-Cu steels.

  19. Austenite decomposition to carbide-rich products in Fe-0.30C-6.3W

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hackenberg, R. E.; Granada, D. G.; Shiflet, G. J.

    2002-12-01

    The kinetics, morphology, and elemental distributions associated with the decomposition of austenite in Fe-0.30C-6.3W were surveyed, especially in the bay region of the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagram. Carbide precipitation characteristics were of particular interest. Similar to Fe-C-Mo and Fe-C-Cr alloys, grain- and twin-boundary bainite containing sheets of alloy carbides dominated the microstructure at and above the bay, while popcorn-like bainite was observed immediately below the bay. Nonequilibrium carbide-phase combinations were obtained both above and below the bay, although W partitioning to the alloy carbides was always observed. The carbon level in the remaining austenite increased with reaction time at a given temperature, which, at the later stages of reaction, helped trigger the growth of a constituent containing a high density of nonlamellar carbides. These nonequilibrium reaction-path characteristics are considered to originate from crystallographic and interfacial structure constraints affecting the nucleation of carbides at ferrite-austenite interfaces.

  20. Mechanical properties of neat polymer matrix materials and their unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zimmerman, Richard S.; Adams, Donald F.

    1988-01-01

    The mechanical properties of two neat resin systems for use in carbon fiber epoxy composites were characterized. This included tensile and shear stiffness and strengths, coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion, and fracture toughness. Tests were conducted on specimens in the dry and moisture-saturated states, at temperatures of 23, 82 and 121 C. The neat resins tested were American Cyanamid 1806 and Union Carbide ERX-4901B(MPDA). Results were compared to previously tested neat resins. Four unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced composites were mechanically characterized. Axial and transverse tension and in-plane shear strengths and stiffness were measured, as well as transverse coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion. Tests were conducted on dry specimens only at 23 and 100 C. The materials tested were AS4/3502, AS6/5245-C, T300/BP907, and C6000/1806 unidirectional composites. Scanning electron microscopic examination of fracture surfaces was performed to permit the correlation of observed failure modes with the environmental test conditions.

  1. Image analysis of corrosion pit initiation on ASTM type A240 stainless steel and ASTM type A 1008 carbon steel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nine, H. M. Zulker

    The adversity of metallic corrosion is of growing concern to industrial engineers and scientists. Corrosion attacks metal surface and causes structural as well as direct and indirect economic losses. Multiple corrosion monitoring tools are available although those are time-consuming and costly. Due to the availability of image capturing devices in today's world, image based corrosion control technique is a unique innovation. By setting up stainless steel SS 304 and low carbon steel QD 1008 panels in distilled water, half-saturated sodium chloride and saturated sodium chloride solutions and subsequent RGB image analysis in Matlab, in this research, a simple and cost-effective corrosion measurement tool has identified and investigated. Additionally, the open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results have been compared with RGB analysis to gratify the corrosion. Additionally, to understand the importance of ambiguity in crisis communication, the communication process between Union Carbide and Indian Government regarding the Bhopal incident in 1984 was analyzed.

  2. An Experimental Evaluation of Oil Pumping Rings

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Eusepi, M. W.; Walowit, J.; Cohen, M.

    1981-01-01

    The design and construction of a reciprocating test vehicle to be used in evaluating hydrodynamic oil pumping rings are discussed. In addition, experimental test data are presented for three pumping ring designs that were constructed from Tin-Based Babbitt (SAE 11), Bearing Bronze (SAE 660), and Mechanical Carbon Graphite (Union Carbide Grade CNF-J). Data of pumped flow rate versus delivered pressure, as well as friction loss, are reported for the following conditions: frequencies of 10, 35 and 45 Hz; strokes of 25.4 mm (1.00 in.), 38.1 mm (1.50 in.) and 50.8 mm (2.00 in.) oil inlet temperature of 49 degrees (120 degrees); and pumping ring close-in pressures of 10.3 MPa (1500 lb/square inch. A 20W40 automotive oil was used for all tests. The maximum delivered pressure was 11 MPa (1600 lb/square inch. An analysis of hydrodynamic oil pumping rings was performed and the results of the analysis were compared to measured test data.

  3. Mechanical properties testing of candidate polymer matrix materials for use in high performance composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Zimmerman, R. S.; Adams, D. F.

    1985-01-01

    The mechanical properties of four candidate neat resin systems for use in graphite/epoxy composites are characterized. This includes tensile and shear stiffnesses and strengths, coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion, and fracture toughness. Tests are conducted on specimens in the dry state and moisture-saturated, at temperatures of 23C, 82C and 121C. The neat resins tested are Hexcel HX-1504, Narmco 5245-C, American Cyanamid CYCOM 907, and Union Carbide ERX-4901A (MDA). Results are compared with those obtained for four other epoxy resins tested in a prior program, i.e., Hercules 3502, 2220-1, and 2220-3, and Ciba-Geigy Fibredux 914, as well as with available Hercules 3501-6 data. Scanning electron microscopic examination of fracture surfaces is performed to permit the correlation of observed failure modes with the environmental test conditions. A finite element micromechanics analysis is used to predict unidirectional composite response under various test conditions, using the measured neat resin properties as input data.

  4. [Deregulation and equity: the Obras Sociales reconversion process in Argentina].

    PubMed

    Findling, Liliana; Arrunada, María; Klimovsky, Ezequiel

    2002-01-01

    The health care services managed by trade unions and known as "Obras Sociales" form the groundwork for Argentina's Social Security and Health system. However, far from taking an equitable approach, these institutions highlight the country's prevailing income disparities, which in turn lead to major differences in access to care. The main focus of this study was the reformulation of social security health policies within the framework of deregulation from 1998 to 2000, analyzing the effects on availability of health care services from an equity perspective. The methodology used two related analytical levels: (1) a macro level viewing the process from the various players' strategies and (2) a micro level featuring the changes within a well-known trade union social security organization during its reconversion process, emphasizing its institutional scope and the opinions of its membership. The results thus pointed to the slow implementation of reforms initiated by the public sector, hindered by constant negotiations among the main corporate actors seeking to serve their particular interests, along with increased inequity and fragmentation due to the limited opening of free choice by members.

  5. Versatile Boron Carbide-Based Visual Obscurant Compositions for Smoke Munitions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-04-17

    Versatile Boron Carbide-Based Visual Obscurant Compositions for Smoke Munitions Anthony P. Shaw,*,† Giancarlo Diviacchi,‡ Ernest L. Black,‡ Jared D...have been demonstrated to produce thick white smoke clouds upon combustion. These compositions use powdered boron carbide (B4C) as a pyrotechnic...ignition and are safe to handle. KEYWORDS: Smoke, Obscurants, Pyrotechnics, Boron carbide, Sustainable chemistry ■ INTRODUCTION Visible obscuration

  6. Method for making hot-pressed fiber-reinforced carbide-graphite composite

    DOEpatents

    Riley, Robert E.; Wallace Sr., Terry C.

    1979-01-01

    A method for the chemical vapor deposition of a uniform coating of tantalum metal on fibers of a woven graphite cloth is described. Several layers of the coated cloth are hot pressed to produce a tantalum carbide-graphite composite having a uniformly dispersed, fine grained tantalum carbide in graphite with compositions in the range of 15 to 40 volume percent tantalum carbide.

  7. Method of making silicon carbide-silicon composite having improved oxidation resistance

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wang, Hongyu (Inventor); Luthra, Krishan Lal (Inventor)

    2002-01-01

    A Silicon carbide-silicon matrix composite having improved oxidation resistance at high temperatures in dry or water-containing environments is provided. A method is given for sealing matrix cracks in situ in melt infiltrated silicon carbide-silicon matrix composites. The composite cracks are sealed by the addition of various additives, such as boron compounds, into the melt infiltrated silicon carbide-silicon matrix.

  8. Silicon carbide-silicon composite having improved oxidation resistance and method of making

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wang, Hongyu (Inventor); Luthra, Krishan Lal (Inventor)

    1999-01-01

    A Silicon carbide-silicon matrix composite having improved oxidation resistance at high temperatures in dry or water-containing environments is provided. A method is given for sealing matrix cracks in situ in melt infiltrated silicon carbide-silicon matrix composites. The composite cracks are sealed by the addition of various additives, such as boron compounds, into the melt infiltrated silicon carbide-silicon matrix.

  9. Silicon Carbide Capacitive High Temperature MEMS Strain Transducer

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-03-22

    SILICON CARBIDE CAPACITIVE HIGH TEMPURATURE MEMS STRAIN TRANSDUCER THESIS Richard P. Weisenberger, DR01, USAF AFIT/GE/ENG...declared a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States AFIT/GE/ENG/12-43 SILICON CARBIDE CAPACITIVE...STATEMENT A. APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED AFIT/GE/ENG/12-43 SILICON CARBIDE CAPACITIVE IDGH TEMPURATURE MEMS STRAIN TRANSDUCER

  10. Study of the Effect of Trace Mg Additions on Carbides in Die Steel H13

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Ji; Li, Jing; Wang, Liang-liang; Zhu, Qin-tian

    2016-09-01

    Carbides in annealed steel H13 without magnesium and with a micro-addition of magnesium (0.0010%) are studied. Trace amounts of magnesium strengthen carbide segregation and reduce their size. Carbides phases M7C3, M6 C, and M(C, N) are detected in steel H13, and this agrees with results of thermodynamic calculations.

  11. Characterization of boron carbide with an electron microprobe

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Matteudi, G.; Ruste, J.

    1983-01-01

    Within the framework of a study of heterogeneous materials (Matteudi et al., 1971: Matteudi and Verchery, 1972) thin deposits of boron carbide were characterized. Experiments using an electronic probe microanalyzer to analyze solid boron carbide or boron carbide in the form of thick deposits are described. Quantitative results on boron and carbon are very close to those obtained when applying the Monte Carlo-type correction calculations.

  12. Electrocatalysis using transition metal carbide and oxide nanocrystals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Regmi, Yagya N.

    Carbides are one of the several families of transition metal compounds that are considered economic alternatives to catalysts based on noble metals and their compounds. Phase pure transition metal carbides of group 4-6 metals, in the first three periods, were synthesized using a common eutectic salt flux synthesis method, and their electrocatalytic activities compared under uniform electrochemical conditions. Mo2C showed highest hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activities among the nine metal carbides investigated, but all other metal carbides also showed substantial activities. All the metal carbides showed remarkable enhancement in catalytic activities as supports, when compared to traditional graphitic carbon as platinum support. Mo2C, the most active transition metal carbide electrocatalyst, was prepared using four different synthesis routes, and the synthesis route dependent activities compared. Bifunctional Mo 2C that is HER as well as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) active, was achieved when the carbide was templated on a multiwalled carbon nanotube using carbothermic reduction method. Bimetallic carbides of Fe, Co, and Ni with Mo or W were prepared using a common carbothermic reduction method. Two different stoichiometries of bimetallic carbides were obtained for each system within a 60 °C temperature window. While the bimetallic carbides showed relatively lower electrocatalytic activities towards HER and ORR in comparison to Mo2C and WC, they revealed remarkably higher OER activities than IrO2 and RuO2, the state-of-the-art OER catalysts. Bimetallic oxides of Fe, Co, and Ni with Mo and W were also prepared using a hydrothermal synthesis method and they also revealed OER activities that are much higher than RuO2 and IrO2. Additionally, the OER activities were dependent on the degree and nature of hydration in the bimetallic oxide crystal lattice, with the completely hydrated, as synthesized, cobalt molybdate and nickel molybdate showing the highest OER activities.

  13. Development of refractory armored silicon carbide by infrared transient liquid phase processing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Hinoki, Tatsuya; Snead, Lance L.; Blue, Craig A.

    2005-12-01

    Tungsten (W) and molybdenum (Mo) were coated on silicon carbide (SiC) for use as a refractory armor using a high power plasma arc lamp at powers up to 23.5 MW/m 2 in an argon flow environment. Both tungsten powder and molybdenum powder melted and formed coating layers on silicon carbide within a few seconds. The effect of substrate pre-treatment (vapor deposition of titanium (Ti) and tungsten, and annealing) and sample heating conditions on microstructure of the coating and coating/substrate interface were investigated. The microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM). The mechanical properties of the coated materials were evaluated by four-point flexural tests. A strong tungsten coating was successfully applied to the silicon carbide substrate. Tungsten vapor deposition and pre-heating at 5.2 MW/m 2 made for a refractory layer containing no cracks propagating into the silicon carbide substrate. The tungsten coating was formed without the thick reaction layer. For this study, small tungsten carbide grains were observed adjacent to the interface in all conditions. In addition, relatively large, widely scattered tungsten carbide grains and a eutectic structure of tungsten and silicon were observed through the thickness in the coatings formed at lower powers and longer heating times. The strength of the silicon carbide substrate was somewhat decreased as a result of the processing. Vapor deposition of tungsten prior to powder coating helped prevent this degradation. In contrast, molybdenum coating was more challenging than tungsten coating due to the larger coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch as compared to tungsten and silicon carbide. From this work it is concluded that refractory armoring of silicon carbide by Infrared Transient Liquid Phase Processing is possible. The tungsten armored silicon carbide samples proved uniform, strong, and capable of withstanding thermal fatigue testing.

  14. Communications payload concepts for geostationary facilities

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Poley, William A.; Lekan, Jack

    1987-01-01

    Summarized and compared are the major results of two NASA sponsored studies that defined potential communication payload concepts to meet the satellite traffic forecast for the turn of the century for the continental US and Region 2 of the International Telecommunications Union. The studies were performed by the Ford Aerospace and Communications Corporation and RCA Astro-Electronics (now GE-RCA Astro-Space Division). Future scenarios of aggregations of communications services are presented. Payload concepts are developed and defined in detail for nine of the scenarios. Payload costs and critical technologies per payload are also presented. Finally the payload concepts are compared and the findings of the reports are discussed.

  15. On carbide dissolution in an as-cast ASTM F-75 alloy.

    PubMed

    Caudillo, M; Herrera-Trejo, M; Castro, M R; Ramírez, E; González, C R; Juárez, J I

    2002-02-01

    The solution treatment of an as-cast ASTM F-75 alloy was investigated. Microstructural evolution was followed during thermal processing, in particular with regard to the content and type of carbides formed. To evidence any probable carbide transformations occurring during the heating stage, as well as to clarify their effect on the carbide dissolution kinetics, three heating rates were studied. Image analysis and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used for microstructural characterization. For the identification of precipitates, these were electrolytically extracted from the matrix and then analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that the precipitates in the as-cast alloy were constituted by both a M(23)C(6) carbide and a sigma intermetallic phase. The M(23)C(6) carbide was the only phase identified in solution-treated specimens, regardless of the heating rate employed, which indicated that this carbide dissolved directly into the matrix without being transformed first into an M(6)C carbide, as reported in the literature. It was found that the kinetics of dissolution for the M(23)C(6) carbide decreased progressively during the solution treatment, and that it was sensitive to the heating rate, decreasing whenever the latter was decreased. Because the M(23)C(6) carbide was not observed to suffer a phase transformation prior to its dissolution into the matrix, the effect of the heating rate was associated to the morphological change occurred as the specimens were heated. The occurrence of the observed phases was analyzed with the aid of phase diagrams computed for the system Co-Cr-Mo-C. Copyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 59: 378-385, 2002

  16. Pressure-induced structural phase transition in transition metal carbides TMC (TM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt): a DFT study

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Manikandan, M.; Rajeswarapalanichamy, R.; Iyakutti, K.

    2018-03-01

    First-principles calculations based on density functional theory was performed to analyse the structural stability of transition metal carbides TMC (TM = Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt). It is observed that zinc-blende phase is the most stable one for these carbides. Pressure-induced structural phase transition from zinc blende to NiAs phase is predicted at the pressures of 248.5 GPa, 127 GPa and 142 GPa for OsC, IrC and PtC, respectively. The electronic structure reveals that RuC exhibits a semiconducting behaviour with an energy gap of 0.7056 eV. The high bulk modulus values of these carbides indicate that these metal carbides are super hard materials. The high B/G value predicts that the carbides are ductile in their most stable phase.

  17. Square lattice honeycomb tri-carbide fuels for 50 to 250 KN variable thrust NTP design

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Anghaie, Samim; Knight, Travis; Gouw, Reza; Furman, Eric

    2001-02-01

    Ultrahigh temperature solid solution of tri-carbide fuels are used to design an ultracompact nuclear thermal rocket generating 950 seconds of specific impulse with scalable thrust level in range of 50 to 250 kilo Newtons. Solid solutions of tri-carbide nuclear fuels such as uranium-zirconium-niobium carbide. UZrNbC, are processed to contain certain mixing ratio between uranium carbide and two stabilizing carbides. Zirconium or niobium in the tri-carbide could be replaced by tantalum or hafnium to provide higher chemical stability in hot hydrogen environment or to provide different nuclear design characteristics. Recent studies have demonstrated the chemical compatibility of tri-carbide fuels with hydrogen propellant for a few to tens of hours of operation at temperatures ranging from 2800 K to 3300 K, respectively. Fuel elements are fabricated from thin tri-carbide wafers that are grooved and locked into a square-lattice honeycomb (SLHC) shape. The hockey puck shaped SLHC fuel elements are stacked up in a grooved graphite tube to form a SLHC fuel assembly. A total of 18 fuel assemblies are arranged circumferentially to form two concentric rings of fuel assemblies with zirconium hydride filling the space between assemblies. For 50 to 250 kilo Newtons thrust operations, the reactor diameter and length including reflectors are 57 cm and 60 cm, respectively. Results of the nuclear design and thermal fluid analyses of the SLHC nuclear thermal propulsion system are presented. .

  18. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Pierce, D. T.; Coughlin, D. R.; Williamson, D. L.

    Quenching and partitioning (Q&P) produces steel microstructures with martensite and austenite that exhibit promising property combinations for third generation advanced high strength steels. Understanding the kinetics of reactions that compete for available carbon, such as carbide formation, is critical for alloying and processing design and achieving austenite enrichment and retention during Q&P. Mössbauer effect spectroscopy (MES) was used to characterize Q&P microstructures in a 0.38C-1.54Mn-1.48Si wt.% steel after quenching to 225 °C and partitioning at 400 °C for 10 or 300 s, with an emphasis on transition carbides. The recoilless fraction for η-carbide was calculated and a correction for saturationmore » of the MES absorption spectrum was applied, making quantitative measurements of small amounts of η-carbide, including non-stoichiometric η-carbide, possible in Q&P microstructures. Complementary transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of η-carbides, and MES and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the austenite. The amount of η-carbide formed during Q&P ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 at.%, accounting for a substantial portion (~24% to 41%) of the bulk carbon content of the steel. The amount (5.0 at.%) of η-carbide that formed after quenching and tempering (Q&T) at 400 °C for 300 s was significantly greater than after partitioning at 400 °C for 300 s (2.4 at.%), suggesting that carbon partitioning from martensite to austenite occurs in conjunction with η-carbide formation during Q&P in these specimens.« less

  19. Thermal radiative and thermodynamic properties of solid and liquid uranium and plutonium carbides in the visible-near-infrared range

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Fisenko, Anatoliy I.; Lemberg, Vladimir F.

    2016-09-01

    The knowledge of thermal radiative and thermodynamic properties of uranium and plutonium carbides under extreme conditions is essential for designing a new metallic fuel materials for next generation of a nuclear reactor. The present work is devoted to the study of the thermal radiative and thermodynamic properties of liquid and solid uranium and plutonium carbides at their melting/freezing temperatures. The Stefan-Boltzmann law, total energy density, number density of photons, Helmholtz free energy density, internal energy density, enthalpy density, entropy density, heat capacity at constant volume, pressure, and normal total emissivity are calculated using experimental data for the frequency dependence of the normal spectral emissivity of liquid and solid uranium and plutonium carbides in the visible-near infrared range. It is shown that the thermal radiative and thermodynamic functions of uranium carbide have a slight difference during liquid-to-solid transition. Unlike UC, such a difference between these functions have not been established for plutonium carbide. The calculated values for the normal total emissivity of uranium and plutonium carbides at their melting temperatures is in good agreement with experimental data. The obtained results allow to calculate the thermal radiative and thermodynamic properties of liquid and solid uranium and plutonium carbides for any size of samples. Based on the model of Hagen-Rubens and the Wiedemann-Franz law, a new method to determine the thermal conductivity of metals and carbides at the melting points is proposed.

  20. Extreme-Environment Silicon-Carbide (SiC) Wireless Sensor Suite

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Yang, Jie

    2015-01-01

    Phase II objectives: Develop an integrated silicon-carbide wireless sensor suite capable of in situ measurements of critical characteristics of NTP engine; Compose silicon-carbide wireless sensor suite of: Extreme-environment sensors center, Dedicated high-temperature (450 deg C) silicon-carbide electronics that provide power and signal conditioning capabilities as well as radio frequency modulation and wireless data transmission capabilities center, An onboard energy harvesting system as a power source.

  1. Low Temperature Processing of Boron Carbide Cement Composite for Tough, Wear Resistant Structures

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1997-12-15

    TITLE AND SUBTITLE Low Temperature Processing of Boron Carbide Cement Composite for Tough, Wear Resistant Structures 6. AUTHOR(S) Kristen J. Law...project has developed a low temperature polymer ceramic composite consisting of boron carbide layers bonded by cement, laminated with polymer...composite have been shown to compare favorably to those of partially sintered boron carbide. Applications for this material have been identified in

  2. Mechanical Testing of Silicon Carbide on MISSE-7

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2012-07-15

    JS) ii Abstract Silicon carbide ( SiC ) mechanical test specimens were included on the second Optical and Reflector Materials Experiment (ORMatE II...2. Vendor 2 EFS Weibull Results (normalized to Extra Disks Weibull parameters) 12 1. Introduction Silicon carbide ( SiC ) mechanical test...AEROSPACE REPORT NO ATR-2012(8921)-5 Mechanical Testing of Silicon Carbide on MISSE-7 Jul> 15. 2012 David B. Witkin Space Materials Laboratory

  3. Development and Performance of Boron Carbide-Based Smoke Compositions

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2013-03-06

    DOI: 10.1002/prep.201200166 Development and Performance of Boron Carbide -Based Smoke Compositions Anthony P. Shaw,*[a] Jay C. Poret,[a] Robert A...volatilized and recondense to give smoke. Boron carbide was recognized as a pyrotechnic fuel many years ago, but it has since been overlooked. A 1961...Abstract : Pyrotechnic smoke compositions for visual ob- scuration containing boron carbide , potassium nitrate, po- tassium chloride, and various lubricants

  4. Salt flux synthesis of single and bimetallic carbide nanowires

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Leonard, Brian M.; Waetzig, Gregory R.; Clouser, Dale A.; Schmuecker, Samantha M.; Harris, Daniel P.; Stacy, John M.; Duffee, Kyle D.; Wan, Cheng

    2016-07-01

    Metal carbide compounds have a broad range of interesting properties and are some of the hardest and highest melting point compounds known. However, their high melting points force very high reaction temperatures and thus limit the formation of high surface area nanomaterials. To avoid the extreme synthesis temperatures commonly associated with these materials, a new salt flux technique has been employed to reduce reaction temperatures and form these materials in the nanometer regime. Additionally, the use of multiwall carbon nanotubes as a reactant further reduces the diffusion distance and provides a template for the final carbide materials. The metal carbide compounds produced through this low temperature salt flux technique maintain the nanowire morphology of the carbon nanotubes but increase in size to ˜15-20 nm diameter due to the incorporation of metal in the carbon lattice. These nano-carbides not only have nanowire like shape but also have much higher surface areas than traditionally prepared metal carbides. Finally, bimetallic carbides with composition control can be produced with this method by simply using two metal precursors in the reaction. This method provides the ability to produce nano sized metal carbide materials with size, morphology, and composition control and will allow for these compounds to be synthesized and studied in a whole new size and temperature regime.

  5. The effect of carbide precipitation on the hydrogen-enhanced fracture behavior of alloy 690

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Symons, D.M.

    1998-04-01

    Alloy 690 is susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement where hydrogen reduces the ductility and causes the fracture morphology to change to predominantly intergranular. The role of carbide precipitation in the embrittlement behavior is not well defined. The objective of this work is to understand the effect of intergranular carbide precipitation on the hydrogen embrittlement of alloy 690. The work reported herein used tensile and compact-tension specimens in both the solution-annealed condition (minimal grain-boundary carbide precipitation) and in the solution-annealed condition followed by an aging treatment to precipitate grain-boundary carbides. By performing the mechanical tests on materials in both uncharged and hydrogen-chargedmore » conditions, it was possible to evaluate the degree of embrittlement as a function of the carbide precipitation. It is shown that the embrittlement due to hydrogen increased as the material was aged to allow grain-boundary carbide precipitation. It is proposed that the increase in embrittlement was caused by increased hydrogen at the carbide/matrix interface due to the trapping and increased stresses at the precipitate interface, which developed from strain incompatibility of the precipitate with the matrix. It is further shown that increasing the hydrostatic stress increased the tendency for intergranular fracture, as is consistent with other nickel-base alloys.« less

  6. XPS, AES and friction studies of single-crystal silicon carbide

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.

    1982-01-01

    The surface chemistry and friction behavior of a single crystal silicon carbide surface parallel to the 0001 plane in sliding contact with iron at various temperatures to 1500 C in a vacuum of 3 x 10 nPa are investigated using X-ray photoelectron and Auger electron spectroscopy. Results show that graphite and carbide-type carbon are seen primarily on the silicon carbide surface in addition to silicon at temperatures to 800 C by both types of spectroscopy. The coefficients of friction for iron sliding against a silicon carbide surface parallel to the 0001 plane surface are found to be high at temperatures up to 800 C, with the silicon and carbide-type carbon at maximum intensity in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at 800 C. The concentration of the graphite increases rapidly on the surface as the temperature is increased above 800 C, while the concentrations of the carbide-type carbon and silicon decrease rapidly and this presence of graphite is accompanied by a significant decrease in friction. Preheating the surfaces to 1500 C also gives dramatically lower coefficients of friction when reheating in the sliding temperature range of from room temperature to 1200 C, with this reduction in friction due to the graphite layer on the silicon carbide surface.

  7. Method for preparing boron-carbide articles

    DOEpatents

    Benton, S.T.; Masters, D.R.

    1975-10-21

    The invention is directed to the preparation of boron carbide articles of various configurations. A stoichiometric mixture of particulate boron and carbon is confined in a suitable mold, heated to a temperature in the range of about 1250 to 1500$sup 0$C for effecting a solid state diffusion reaction between the boron and carbon for forming the boron carbide (B$sub 4$C), and thereafter the resulting boron-carbide particles are hot-pressed at a temperature in the range of about 1800 to 2200$sup 0$C and a pressure in the range of about 1000 to 4000 psi for densifying and sintering the boron carbide into the desired article.

  8. Low Cost Fabrication of Silicon Carbide Based Ceramics and Fiber Reinforced Composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Singh, M.; Levine, S. R.

    1995-01-01

    A low cost processing technique called reaction forming for the fabrication of near-net and complex shaped components of silicon carbide based ceramics and composites is presented. This process consists of the production of a microporous carbon preform and subsequent infiltration with liquid silicon or silicon-refractory metal alloys. The microporous preforms are made by the pyrolysis of a polymerized resin mixture with very good control of pore volume and pore size thereby yielding materials with tailorable microstructure and composition. Mechanical properties (elastic modulus, flexural strength, and fracture toughness) of reaction-formed silicon carbide ceramics are presented. This processing approach is suitable for various kinds of reinforcements such as whiskers, particulates, fibers (tows, weaves, and filaments), and 3-D architectures. This approach has also been used to fabricate continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced ceramic composites (CFCC's) with silicon carbide based matrices. Strong and tough composites with tailorable matrix microstructure and composition have been obtained. Microstructure and thermomechanical properties of a silicon carbide (SCS-6) fiber reinforced reaction-formed silicon carbide matrix composites are discussed.

  9. Inequality as a basis for the U.S. emergence from the great stagnation.

    PubMed

    Chernomas, R

    1999-01-01

    A significant body of evidence suggests that capitalism entered an economic crisis phase in the late 1960s due to a fall in the rate of profit. With falling profits, corporations are compelled to find means of reducing costs by lowering wages and taxes and/or raising productivity. Attacks on the welfare state (in the form of the war on deficits and debts), unions, and government in general resulted in falling wages, longer hours of work, and increased poverty. Only in 1997, despite years of exaggeration about its macroeconomic recovery, did the United States finally have a true boom year, like something from the Golden Age of the 1950s or early 1960s: GDP, investment, productivity, employment, and even wages grew by reasonable historical standards. This article is an account of how this tentative recovery was accomplished--in part, by the state and corporate sectors' ability to generate inequality over the past quarter century--and how these changes in the macroeconomy changed the context for health and the health sector.

  10. The structure and function of supported molybdenum nitride and molybdenum carbide hydrotreating catalysts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dolce, Gregory Martin

    1997-11-01

    A series of gamma-Alsb2Osb3 supported molybdenum nitrides and carbides were prepared by the temperature programmed reaction of supported molybdates with ammonia and methane/hydrogen mixtures, respectively. In the first part of this research, the effects of synthesis heating rates and molybdenum loading on the catalytic properties of the materials were examined. A significant amount of excess carbon was deposited on the surface of the carbides during synthesis. The materials consisted of small particles which were very highly dispersed. Oxygen chemisorption indicated that the nitride particles may have been two-dimensional. The dispersion of the carbides, however, appeared to decrease as the loading increased. The catalysts were evaluated for hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), hydrodesulfurization (HDS), and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). The molybdenum loading had the largest effect on the activity of the materials. For the nitrides, the HDN and HDS activities were inverse functions of the loading. This suggested that the most active HDN and HDS sites were located at the perimeter of the two-dimensional particles. The HDN and HDS activities of the carbides followed the same trend as the oxygen uptake. This result suggested that oxygen titrated the active sites on the supported carbides. Selected catalysts were evaluated for methylcarbazole HDN, dibenzothiophene HDS, and dibenzofuran HDO. The activity and selectivity of the nitrides and carbides were competitive with a presulfided commercial catalyst. In the second part of this work, a series of supported nitrides and carbides were prepared using a wider range of loadings (5-30 wt% Mo). Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the temperature at which excess carbon was deposited on the carbides. By modifying the synthesis parameters, the deposition of excess carbon was effectively inhibited. The dispersions of the supported nitrides and carbides were constant and suggested that the materials consisted of two-dimensional raft-like particles. The HDN activity of the nitrides decreased as the loading increased, while that of the carbides was relatively constant. Carbon monoxide and methylamine adsorbed on the same types of sites on the nitrides and carbides. Infrared spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption revealed that some methylamine underwent HDN on the nitrides and carbides. Carbon monoxide appeared to adsorb on two types of sites. One type of site adsorbed CO which desorbed upon heating while the other type of site adsorbed CO which dissociated when the material was heated. The relative amounts of desorbed CO and methylamine scaled with the activity of the nitrides suggesting that CO and methylamine titrated the active sites. It appeared that the active sites of the supported carbides were different from those on the supported nitrides. It was proposed that the active sites on the supported nitrides were at the perimeter of the two-dimensional particles while the active sites of the carbides were "on top" of the particles.

  11. Abrasive slurry composition for machining boron carbide

    DOEpatents

    Duran, Edward L.

    1985-01-01

    An abrasive slurry particularly suited for use in drilling or machining boron carbide consists essentially of a suspension of boron carbide and/or silicon carbide grit in a carrier solution consisting essentially of a dilute solution of alkylaryl polyether alcohol in octyl alcohol. The alkylaryl polyether alcohol functions as a wetting agent which improves the capacity of the octyl alcohol for carrying the grit in suspension, yet without substantially increasing the viscosity of the carrier solution.

  12. Abrasive slurry composition for machining boron carbide

    DOEpatents

    Duran, E.L.

    1984-11-29

    An abrasive slurry particularly suited for use in drilling or machining boron carbide consists essentially of a suspension of boron carbide and/or silicon carbide grit in a carrier solution consisting essentially of a dilute solution of alkylaryl polyether alcohol in octyl alcohol. The alkylaryl polyether alcohol functions as a wetting agent which improves the capacity of the octyl alcohol for carrying the grit in suspension, yet without substantially increasing the viscosity of the carrier solution.

  13. Crystallography of in-situ transformations of the M 7C3 carbide in the cast Fe-Cr-Ni alloy

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kraposhin, V. S.; Kondrat'ev, S. Yu.; Talis, A. L.; Anastasiadi, G. P.

    2017-03-01

    In the process of holding of the cast heat-resistant Fe-Cr-Ni (0.45C-25Cr-35Ni) alloy at 1150°C, the eutectic chromium carbide present in its structure undergoes a gradual transition M 7C3 → M 23C6. The gradual formation of domains of the M 23C6 carbide inside the particles of the M 7C3 carbide makes it possible to assume that the observed phase transition is the well-known carbide transformation of the in situ type. The mechanism of the in situ transformation of the crystal structure of the carbide from M 7C3 into M 23C6 with a change in the number of nearest metal neighbors of carbon atoms is explained within the previously developed combinatory model of polymorphic transitions in the metals.

  14. The dependence of carbide morphology on grain boundary character in the highly twinned Alloy 690

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Hui; Xia, Shuang; Zhou, Bangxin; Chen, Wenjue; Hu, Changliang

    2010-04-01

    The dependence of morphology of grain boundary carbides on grain boundary character in Alloy 690 (Ni-30Cr-10Fe, mass fraction, %) with high fraction of low Σ coincidence site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Some of the surface grains were removed by means of deep etching. It was observed that carbides grow dendritically at grain boundaries. The carbide bars observed near incoherent twin boundaries and twin related Σ9 grain boundaries are actually secondary dendrites of the carbides on these boundaries. Higher order dendrites could be observed on random grain boundaries, however, no bar-like dendrites were observed near Σ27 grain boundaries and random grain boundaries. The morphology difference of carbides precipitated at grain boundaries with different characters is discussed based on the experimental results in this paper.

  15. Eutectic equilibria in the quaternary system Fe-Cr-Mn-C

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Nowotny, H.; Wayne, S.; Schuster, J. C.

    1982-01-01

    The constitution of the quaternary system, Fe-Cr-Mn-C and to a lesser extent of the quinary system, Fe-Cr-Mn-Al-C were examined for in situ composite alloy candidates. Multivariant eutectic compositions were determined from phase equilibria studies wherein M7C3 carbides (approximately 30% by volume) formed from the melt within gamma iron. An extended field of the hexagonal carbide, (Cr, Fe, Mn)7 C3, was found without undergoing transformation to the orthorhombic structure. Increasing stability for this carbide was found for higher ratios of Cr/Fe(+) Cr + Mn. Aluminum additions promoted a ferritic matrix while manganese favored the desired gamma austenitic matrix. In coexistence with the matrix phase, chromium enters preferentially the carbide phase while manganese distributes equally between the gamma matrix and the M7C3 carbide. The composition and lattice parameters of the carbide and matrix phases were determined to establish their respective stabilities.

  16. Hugoniot equation of state and dynamic strength of boron carbide

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Grady, Dennis E.

    Boron carbide ceramics have been particularly problematic in attempts to develop adequate constitutive model descriptions for purposes of analysis of dynamic response in the shock and impact environment. Dynamic strength properties of boron carbide ceramic differ uniquely from comparable ceramics. Furthermore, boron carbide is suspected, but not definitely shown, to undergoing polymorphic phase transformation under shock compression. In the present paper, shock-wave compression measurements conducted over the past 40 years are assessed for the purpose of achieving improved understanding of the dynamic equation of state and strength of boron carbide. In particular, attention is focused on the often ignored Losmore » Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Hugoniot measurements performed on porous sintered boron carbide ceramic. The LANL data are shown to exhibit two compression anomalies on the shock Hugoniot within the range of 20–60 GPa that may relate to crystallographic structure transitions. More recent molecular dynamics simulations on the compressibility of the boron carbide crystal lattice reveal compression transitions that bear similarities to the LANL Hugoniot results. The same Hugoniot data are complemented with dynamic isentropic compression data for boron carbide extracted from Hugoniot measurements on boron carbide and copper granular mixtures. Other Hugoniot measurements, however, performed on near-full-density boron carbide ceramic differ markedly from the LANL Hugoniot data. These later data exhibit markedly less compressibility and tend not to show comparable anomalies in compressibility. Alternative Hugoniot anomalies, however, are exhibited by the near-full-density data. Experimental uncertainty, Hugoniot strength, and phase transformation physics are all possible explanations for the observed discrepancies. It is reasoned that experimental uncertainty and Hugoniot strength are not likely explanations for the observed differences. The notable mechanistic difference in the processes of shock compression between the LANL data and that of the other studies is the markedly larger inelastic deformation and dissipation experienced in the shock event brought about by compaction of the substantially larger porosity LANL test ceramics. High-pressure diamond anvil cell experiments reveal extensive amorphization, reasoned to be a reversion product of a higher-pressure crystallographic phase, which is a consequence of application of both high pressure and shear deformation to the boron carbide crystal structure. A dependence of shock-induced high-pressure phase transformation in boron carbide on the extent of shear deformation experienced in the shock process offers a plausible explanation for the differences observed in the LANL Hugoniot data on porous ceramic and that of other shock data on near-full-density boron carbide.« less

  17. Processing of solid solution, mixed uranium/refractory metal carbides for advanced space nuclear power and propulsion systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Knight, Travis Warren

    Nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) and space nuclear power are two enabling technologies for the manned exploration of space and the development of research outposts in space and on other planets such as Mars. Advanced carbide nuclear fuels have been proposed for application in space nuclear power and propulsion systems. This study examined the processing technologies and optimal parameters necessary to fabricate samples of single phase, solid solution, mixed uranium/refractory metal carbides. In particular, the pseudo-ternary carbide, UC-ZrC-NbC, system was examined with uranium metal mole fractions of 5% and 10% and corresponding uranium densities of 0.8 to 1.8 gU/cc. Efforts were directed to those methods that could produce simple geometry fuel elements or wafers such as those used to fabricate a Square Lattice Honeycomb (SLHC) fuel element and reactor core. Methods of cold uniaxial pressing, sintering by induction heating, and hot pressing by self-resistance heating were investigated. Solid solution, high density (low porosity) samples greater than 95% TD were processed by cold pressing at 150 MPa and sintering above 2600 K for times longer than 90 min. Some impurity oxide phases were noted in some samples attributed to residual gases in the furnace during processing. Also, some samples noted secondary phases of carbon and UC2 due to some hyperstoichiometric powder mixtures having carbon-to-metal ratios greater than one. In all, 33 mixed carbide samples were processed and analyzed with half bearing uranium as ternary carbides of UC-ZrC-NbC. Scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and density measurements were used to characterize samples. Samples were processed from powders of the refractory mono-carbides and UC/UC 2 or from powders of uranium hydride (UH3), graphite, and refractory metal carbides to produce hypostoichiometric mixed carbides. Samples processed from the constituent carbide powders and sintered at temperatures above the melting point of UC showed signs of liquid phase sintering and were shown to be largely solid solutions. Pre-compaction of mixed carbide powders prior to sintering was shown to be necessary to achieve high densities. Hypostoichiometric, samples processed at 2500 K exhibited only the initial stage of sintering and solid solution formation. Based on these findings, a suggested processing methodology is proposed for producing high density, solid solution, mixed carbide fuels. Pseudo-binary, refractory carbide samples hot pressed at 3100 K and 6 MPa showed comparable densities (approximately 85% of the theoretical value) to samples processed by cold pressing and sintering at temperatures of 2800 K.

  18. Molybdenum carbides, active and in situ regenerable catalysts in hydroprocessing of fast pyrolysis bio-oil

    DOE PAGES

    Choi, Jae -Soon; Zacher, Alan; Wang, Huamin; ...

    2016-05-19

    This paper describes properties of molybdenum carbides as a potential catalyst for fast pyrolysis bio-oil hydroprocessing. Currently, high catalyst cost, short catalyst lifetime, and lack of effective regeneration methods are hampering the development of this otherwise attractive renewable hydrocarbon technology. A series of metal-doped bulk Mo carbides were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in sequential low-temperature stabilization and high-temperature deoxygenation of a pine-derived bio-oil. During a typical 60 h run, Mo carbides were capable of upgrading raw bio-oil to a level suitable for direct insertion into the current hydrocarbon infrastructure with residual oxygen content and total acid number of upgraded oilsmore » below 2 wt % and 0.01 mg KOH g –1, respectively. The performance was shown to be sensitive to the type of metal dopant, Ni-doped Mo carbides outperforming Co-, Cu-, or Ca-doped counterparts; a higher Ni loading led to a superior catalytic performance. No bulk oxidation or other significant structural changes were observed. Besides the structural robustness, another attractive property of Mo carbides was in situ regenerability. The effectiveness of regeneration was demonstrated by successfully carrying out four consecutive 60 h runs with a reductive decoking between two adjacent runs. These results strongly suggest that Mo carbides are a good catalyst candidate which could lead to a significant cost reduction in hydroprocessing bio-oils. Furthermore, we highlight areas for future research which will be needed to further understand carbide structure–function relationships and help design practical bio-oil upgrading catalysts based on Mo carbides.« less

  19. Molybdenum Carbides, Active and In Situ Regenerable Catalysts in Hydroprocessing of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Choi, Jae-Soon; Zacher, Alan H.; Wang, Huamin

    We assessed molybdenum carbides as a potential catalyst for fast pyrolysis bio-oil hydroprocessing. Currently, high catalyst cost, short catalyst lifetime, and lack of effective regeneration methods are hampering the development of this otherwise attractive renewable hydrocarbon technology. A series of metal-doped bulk Mo carbides were synthesized, characterized and evaluated in sequential low-temperature stabilization and high-temperature deoxygenation of a pine-derived bio-oil. During a typical 60-h run, Mo carbides were capable of upgrading raw bio-oil to a level suitable for direct insertion into the current hydrocarbon infrastructure with residual oxygen content and total acid number of upgraded oils below 2 wt% andmore » 0.01 mg KOH g-1, respectively. The performance was shown to be sensitive to the type of metal dopant, Ni-doped Mo carbides outperforming Co-, Cu-, or Ca-doped counterparts; a higher Ni loading led to a superior catalytic performance. No bulk oxidation or other significant structural changes were observed. Besides the structural robustness, another attractive property of Mo carbides was in situ regenerability. The effectiveness of regeneration was demonstrated by successfully carrying out four consecutive 60-h runs with a reductive decoking between two adjacent runs. These results strongly suggest that Mo carbides are promising catalytic materials which could lead to a significant cost reduction in hydroprocessing bio-oils. This paper highlights areas for future research which will be needed to further understand carbide structure-function relationships and help design practical bio-oil upgrading catalysts based on Mo carbides.« less

  20. Evaluation of titanium carbide metal matrix composites deposited via laser cladding

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cavanaugh, Daniel Thomas

    Metal matrix composites have been widely studied in terms of abrasion resistance, but a particular material system may behave differently as particle size, morphology, composition, and distribution of the hardening phase varies. The purpose of this thesis was to understand the mechanical and microstructural effects of combining titanium carbide with 431 series stainless steel to create a unique composite via laser cladding, particularly regarding wear properties. The most predominant effect in increasing abrasion resistance, measured via ASTM G65, was confirmed to be volume fraction of titanium carbide addition. Macrohardness was directly proportional to the amount of carbide, though there was an overall reduction in individual particle microhardness after cladding. The reduction in particle hardness was obscured by the effect of volume fraction carbide and did not substantially contribute to the wear resistance changes. A model evaluating effective mean free path of the titanium carbide particles was created and correlated to the measured data. The model proved successful in linking theoretical mean free path to overall abrasion resistance. The effects of the titanium carbide particle distributions were limited, while differences in particle size were noticeable. The mean free path model did not correlate well with the particle size, but it was shown that the fine carbides were completely removed by the coarse abrasive particles in the ASTM G65 test. The particle morphology showed indications of influencing the wear mode, but no statistical reduction was observed in the volume loss figures. Future studies may more specifically focus on particle morphology or compositional effects of the carbide particles.

  1. Molybdenum carbides, active and in situ regenerable catalysts in hydroprocessing of fast pyrolysis bio-oil

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Choi, Jae -Soon; Zacher, Alan; Wang, Huamin

    This paper describes properties of molybdenum carbides as a potential catalyst for fast pyrolysis bio-oil hydroprocessing. Currently, high catalyst cost, short catalyst lifetime, and lack of effective regeneration methods are hampering the development of this otherwise attractive renewable hydrocarbon technology. A series of metal-doped bulk Mo carbides were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in sequential low-temperature stabilization and high-temperature deoxygenation of a pine-derived bio-oil. During a typical 60 h run, Mo carbides were capable of upgrading raw bio-oil to a level suitable for direct insertion into the current hydrocarbon infrastructure with residual oxygen content and total acid number of upgraded oilsmore » below 2 wt % and 0.01 mg KOH g –1, respectively. The performance was shown to be sensitive to the type of metal dopant, Ni-doped Mo carbides outperforming Co-, Cu-, or Ca-doped counterparts; a higher Ni loading led to a superior catalytic performance. No bulk oxidation or other significant structural changes were observed. Besides the structural robustness, another attractive property of Mo carbides was in situ regenerability. The effectiveness of regeneration was demonstrated by successfully carrying out four consecutive 60 h runs with a reductive decoking between two adjacent runs. These results strongly suggest that Mo carbides are a good catalyst candidate which could lead to a significant cost reduction in hydroprocessing bio-oils. Furthermore, we highlight areas for future research which will be needed to further understand carbide structure–function relationships and help design practical bio-oil upgrading catalysts based on Mo carbides.« less

  2. 64. INTERIOR VIEW OF THE CARBIDE COOLING SHED. VIEW IS ...

    Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

    64. INTERIOR VIEW OF THE CARBIDE COOLING SHED. VIEW IS SHOWING CALCIUM CARBIDE IN COOLING CARS ON THE FLOOR. DECEMBER 26, 1918. - United States Nitrate Plant No. 2, Reservation Road, Muscle Shoals, Muscle Shoals, Colbert County, AL

  3. Titanium Carbide Bipolar Plate for Electrochemical Devices

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    LaConti, Anthony B.; Griffith, Arthur E.; Cropley, Cecelia C.

    Titanium carbide comprises a corrosion resistant, electrically conductive, non-porous bipolar plate for use in an electrochemical device. The process involves blending titanium carbide powder with a suitable binder material, and molding the mixture, at an elevated temperature and pressure.

  4. Powder containing 2H-type silicon carbide produced by reacting silicon dioxide and carbon powder in nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of aluminum

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Kuramoto, N.; Takiguchi, H.

    1984-01-01

    The production of powder which contains silicon carbide consisting of 40% of 2H-type silicon carbide, beta type silicon carbide and less than 3% of nitrogen is discussed. The reaction temperature to produce the powder containing 40% of 2H-type silicon carbide is set at above 1550 degrees C in an atmosphere of aluminum or aluminum compounds and nitrogen gas or an antioxidation atmosphere containing nitrogen gas. The mixture ratio of silicon dioxide and carbon powder is 0.55 - 1:2.0 and the contents of aluminum or aluminum compounds within silicon dioxide is less than 3% in weight.

  5. Invited Article: Indenter materials for high temperature nanoindentation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wheeler, J. M.; Michler, J.

    2013-10-01

    As nanoindentation at high temperatures becomes increasingly popular, a review of indenter materials for usage at high temperatures is instructive for identifying appropriate indenter-sample materials combinations to prevent indenter loss or failure due to chemical reactions or wear during indentation. This is an important consideration for nanoindentation as extremely small volumes of reacted indenter material will have a significant effect on measurements. The high temperature hardness, elastic modulus, thermal properties, and chemical reactivities of diamond, boron carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, cubic boron nitride, and sapphire are discussed. Diamond and boron carbide show the best elevated temperature hardness, while tungsten carbide demonstrates the lowest chemical reactivity with the widest array of elements.

  6. Precipitation of Carbides in Early Aging Stages and Their Crystallographic Orientations in Hadfield Steel Mn13

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ding, Zhimin; Liang, Bo; Zhao, Ruirong; Chen, Chunhuan

    2015-05-01

    The methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron diffraction are used to study the carbides precipitated in Hadfield steel Mn13 during 2-h aging at 475°C. It is shown that carbides of types (Fe, Mn, Cr)23C6 and mixed (Fe, Mn, Cr)7C3 + (Fe, Mn, Cr)3C precipitate simultaneously over austenite grain boundaries. The data on precipitation of M23C- and M7C3-type carbides in a Hadfield steel after water quenching and aging are pioneer ones. Strict orientation relations of the M23C6 carbides and of the austenite matrix are determined.

  7. Brooklyn Union strategy: Re-engineering from outside in

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Parker, W.P. Jr.

    1997-04-01

    Five years ago, the management at Brooklyn Union embarked on a long, hard look at the way the company conducted business. In effect, they stepped into their customers` shoes. Business Process Improvement (BPI) is designed to construct a lasting corporate culture that can help Brooklyn Union meet its stated goal of becoming the premier energy company in the Northeast. A major component of that culture involves a dedication to service and cost management that is as solid as their credit ratings. To date, the bottom line on BPI has been impressive: By 1995, the customer satisfaction rating, which had beenmore » hovering in the `80s, had shot up to 95%. The management commitment has come in the form of resources, and a willingness to put its money where its mouth is (rewards for performance). The employee buy-in has shown up in those outstanding ratings from customers and in the financial results. Changing the culture of any long-established entity is never easy, whether it be on the micro-level (a family, for instance) of the macro-level (a country). It involves issues of trust, and a certain leap of faith that the new approach will bring results. Communication and education are two of the keys to gaining that participation. The company was able to impress upon employees the need for change--in particular the need for them to begin thinking like customers. The paper discusses the implementation of this re-engineering strategy.« less

  8. Quantifying the Effects of the Influence of a Tungsten Long-rod Projectile into Confined Ceramics at High-velocity Impact

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2008-01-29

    be conducted to demonstrate how the confined, brittle samples behave. The study shows that silicon carbide and boron carbide are the optimal...Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites - 27 JAN to 1 FEB 2008, Daytona Beach, FL, The original document contains color images. 14. ABSTRACT 15...specimens investigated were aluminum nitride, boron carbide, 9606 pyroceram, and silicon carbide. The confining sleeve was modeled with RHA and had a

  9. Tension-Compression Fatigue of an Oxide/Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composite at Elevated Temperature in Air and Steam Environments

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-03-26

    method has been successfully used with several materials such as silicon carbide fiber - silicon carbide matrix ( SiC / SiC ) CMCs with carbon and boron...elements [14]. These advanced ceramics include oxides, nitrides and carbides of silicon , aluminum, titanium, and zirconium [12]. One of the most...oxides over silicon carbide and other non-oxide materials. In fact, it is the inherent stability of oxides in oxidizing environments which originally

  10. Results from Mechanical Testing of Silicon Carbide for Space Applications: Non-Destructive Evalution Samples and MISSE-6 Experiment Samples

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2010-06-07

    the materials properties of silicon carbide plates”, S. Kenderian et al., 2009 SPIE Proceedings, vol. 7425 • Materials – 10” x 16” SiC plates...CONFERENCE PROCEEDING 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 2008-2010 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Results from Mechanical Testing of Silicon Carbide for Space...for silicon carbide optical systems that covers material verification through system development. Recent laboratory results for testing of materials

  11. Advanced High-Power Generator Research Program

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1986-05-01

    lOOx ............. ... 3A-6 3A-3 Carbides in the Inconel are Well Broken Up. No Continuous Networks as in Previous Bonds. Unetched. Magnified 225X.. 3A...7 3A-4 Carbides in the Inconel are Well Broken Uo. No Continuous Networks as in Previous Bonds. Unetched. Magnified 225X.. 3A-7 3A-5 Carbides are Well...3A-9 3A-8 Typical Tensile Rupture. Failure Occurred with Inconel 718 Carbide Precipitation Zone. Magnified 225X

  12. Silicon carbide ceramic production

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Suzuki, K.; Shinohara, N.

    1984-01-01

    A method to produce sintered silicon carbide ceramics in which powdery carbonaceous components with a dispersant are mixed with silicon carbide powder, shaped as required with or without drying, and fired in nonoxidation atmosphere is described. Carbon black is used as the carbonaceous component.

  13. Titanium carbide bipolar plate for electrochemical devices

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    LaConti, Anthony B.; Griffith, Arthur E.; Cropley, Cecelia C.

    A corrosion resistant, electrically conductive, non-porous bipolar plate is made from titanium carbide for use in an eletrochemical device. The process involves blending titanium carbide powder with a suitable binder material, and molding the mixture, at an elevated temperature and pressure.

  14. Financial Structure of Mining Sector Companies During an Economic Slowdown /Struktura Finansowania Przedsiębiorstw W Sektorze Górniczym I Wydobywczym W Okresie Spowolnienia Gospodarczego

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sierpińska, Maria; Bąk, Patrycja

    2012-12-01

    The global economic crisis that started in 2007 in the area of finance, expanded over the subsequent years to the business sphere, and resulted in a drop of demand and production almost in any field of business activity. Access to foreign sources of finance, especially to loans, has become more difficult and expensive. In such circumstances, enterprises have had to resort more often to their own capital generated by the issue of shares, and to retained profit. Banks have limited their loans for business entities, reduced credit periods, and raised credit margins as well as their levels of collaterals. The McKinsey research into the changes that occur in the structures of sources of finance confirms that the share of equity capital in the structure of financing of non-financial enterprises has visibly grown, and their crediting scopes have been limited all over the European Union as well as in the euro zone. The global tendencies as regards directions of changes in the structure of the sources of corporate financing have also been reflected in Poland. The economic slowdown has resulted in changes in the structures of corporate financing. Mining companies have risen the shares of their equity capital in their general sources of financing. This tendency corresponds to the changes of structure of corporate financing in Poland and Europe. Enterprises have resorted to bank loans to a lesser degree than in times of better market situation. In mining, public companies have increased their crediting, while in private sector the tendency has been reverse. Enterprises tend to use more flexible debiting forms as compared to credits by way of issue of long-term corporate bonds. Mining companies have developed issue programs that are to be implemented over three-year periods. Before, only Katowicki Holding Węglowy [Katowice Mining Holding] had issued bonds. The present publication is an attempt at assessing the changes in the structure of corporate financing within the mining sector in the circumstances of economic slowdown. The changes have been assessed against the background of changes in the structure of financing of other business entities. Three problems have been identified and subjected to research. The first concerns the increasing share of equity capital in the structure of corporate financing in mining enterprises. The second issue concerns the scope of corporate crediting. And the third issue relates to the time structure of corporate debt. The said issues have been analysed in the conditions of economic slowdown

  15. Microstructural characterization of high-carbon ferrochromium

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Lesko, A.; Navara, E.

    1996-04-01

    Light optical and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used for high-carbon ferrochromium microstructural analysis. Different microstructures were observed for industrially and laboratory-produced ferroalloys. Primary carbides of M{sub 7}C{sub 3} with chromium ferrite were found in the industrially produced, slowly solidified, and cooled ferroalloy, while primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3} carbides accompanied a eutectic mixture of M{sub 7}C{sub 3} carbides and chromium ferrite in the laboratory-melted and in the water-solidified and water-cooled materials. Different microstructural arrangements are directly related to the friability properties of this material, which characterizes its resistance to abrasion on handling and impact. In ferrochromium upgraded by carbon contentmore » reduction, the eutectic M{sub 7}C{sub 3} hexagonal carbides are partly replaced by M{sub 23}C{sub 6} dendritic carbides. The presence of dendritic carbides in the ferrochromium eutectic microstructure can be interpreted as a proof of a lower carbon content, raising the commercial value of the ferroalloy. The hexagonal M{sub 7}C{sub 3} carbides exhibited a central hollow along the longitudinal axis, and on metallographic samples they looked like screw nuts. A model of the solidification mechanism for such crystals is proposed.« less

  16. Flexural strength of proof-tested and neutron-irradiated silicon carbide

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Price, R. J.; Hopkins, G. R.

    1982-08-01

    Proof testing before service is a valuable method for ensuring the reliability of ceramic structures. Silicon carbide has been proposed as a very low activation first-wall and blanket structural material for fusion devices, where it would experience a high flux of fast neutrons. Strips of three types of silicon carbide were loaded in four-point bending to a stress sufficient to break about a third of the specimens. Groups of 16 survivors were irradiated to 2 × 10 26n/ m2 ( E>0.05 MeV) at 740°C and bend tested to failure. The strength distribution of chemically vapor-deposited silicon carbide (Texas Instruments) was virtually unchanged by irradiation. The mean strength of sintered silicon carbide (Carborundum Alpha) was reduced 34% by irradiation, while the Weibull modulus and the truncated strength distribution characteristic of proof-tested material were retained. Irradiation reduced the mean strength of reaction-bonded silicon carbide (Norton NC-430) by 58%, and the spread in strength values was increased. We conclude that for the chemically vapor-deposited and the sintered silicon carbide the benefits of proof testing to eliminate low strength material are retained after high neutron exposures.

  17. Method for producing silicon nitride/silicon carbide composite

    DOEpatents

    Dunmead, Stephen D.; Weimer, Alan W.; Carroll, Daniel F.; Eisman, Glenn A.; Cochran, Gene A.; Susnitzky, David W.; Beaman, Donald R.; Nilsen, Kevin J.

    1996-07-23

    Silicon carbide/silicon nitride composites are prepared by carbothermal reduction of crystalline silica powder, carbon powder and optionally crsytalline silicon nitride powder. The crystalline silicon carbide portion of the composite has a mean number diameter less than about 700 nanometers and contains nitrogen.

  18. Evaluation of urethane and carbide-tipped blades on wheel-supported snow plows.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-01-01

    The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of urethane and carbide-tipped snow plow blades on wheel supported plows. Their performance was compared to that of VDOT's standard blade arrangement: carbide-tipped blades on plows without ...

  19. Molybdenum disilicide composites reinforced with zirconia and silicon carbide

    DOEpatents

    Petrovic, John J.

    1995-01-01

    Compositions consisting essentially of molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide, and a zirconium oxide component. The silicon carbide used in the compositions is in whisker or powder form. The zirconium oxide component is pure zirconia or partially stabilized zirconia or fully stabilized zirconia.

  20. Carbothermic Aluminum Production Using Scrap Aluminum As A Coolant

    DOEpatents

    LaCamera, Alfred F.

    2002-11-05

    A process for producing aluminum metal by carbothermic reduction of alumina ore. Alumina ore is heated in the presence of carbon at an elevated temperature to produce an aluminum metal body contaminated with about 10-30% by wt. aluminum carbide. Aluminum metal or aluminum alloy scrap then is added to bring the temperature to about 900-1000.degree. C. and precipitate out aluminum carbide. The precipitated aluminum carbide is filtered, decanted, or fluxed with salt to form a molten body having reduced aluminum carbide content.

  1. Computational-Experimental Processing of Boride/Carbide Composites by Reactive Infusion of Hf Alloy Melts into B4C

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2015-09-16

    AFRL-AFOSR-VA-TR-2015-0314 Computational -Experimental Processing of Boride /Carbide Composites by Reactive Infusion of Hf Alloy Melts into B4C...Computational -Experimental Processing of Boride /Carbide Composites by Reactive Infusion of Hf Alloy Melts into B4C 5a.  CONTRACT NUMBER 5b.  GRANT...with a packed bed of B4C to form boride - carbide precipitates. Although the ultimate goal of the research endeavor is to enhance significantly the

  2. Effect of carbide distribution on rolling-element fatigue life of AMS 5749

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Parker, R. J.; Bamberger, E. N.

    1983-01-01

    Endurance tests with ball bearings made of corrosion resistant bearing steel which resulted in fatigue lives much lower than were predicted are discussed. Metallurgical analysis revealed an undesirable carbide distribution in the races. It was shown in accelerated fatigue tests in the RC rig that large, banded carbides can reduce rolling element fatigue life by a factor of approximately four. The early spalling failures on the bearing raceways are attributed to the large carbide size and banded distribution.

  3. A study on the production of titanium carbide nano-powder in the nanostate and its properties

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Shiryaeva, L. S.; Rudneva, S. V.; Galevsky, G. V.; Garbuzova, A. K.

    2016-09-01

    The plasma synthesis of titanium carbide nano-powder in the conditions close to industrial was studied. Titanium carbide TiC is a wear- and corrosion-resistant, hard, chemically inert material, demanded in various fields for the production of hard alloys, metal- ceramic tools, heat-resistant products, protective metal coatings. New perspectives for application titanium carbide in the nanostate can be found in the field of alloys modification with different composition and destination.

  4. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Manikandan, M.; Santhosh, M.; Rajeswarapalanichamy, R., E-mail: rrpalanichamy@gmail.com

    Ab initio calculations are performed to investigate the structural stability, electronic structure and mechanical properties of actinide carbides AnC (An=U, Np) for three different crystal structures, namely NaCl, CsCl and ZnS. Among the considered structures, NaCl structure is found to be the most stable structure for these carbides at normal pressure. A pressure induced structural phase transition from NaCl to ZnS is observed. The electronic structure reveals that these carbides are metals. The calculated elastic constants indicate that these carbides are mechanically stable at normal pressure.

  5. Investigation of Carbide Precipitation Process and Chromium Depletion during Thermal Treatment of Alloy 690

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Jiao, S. Y.; Zhang, M. C.; Zheng, L.; Dong, J. X.

    2010-01-01

    For the purpose of studying the effect of heat treatment on carbide morphology and chromium concentration distribution, which are critical to the resistance of alloy 690 to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), a series of thermal treatments was performed. A model taking into account the intercorrelated dynamic process between the carbide precipitation and chemical diffusion of the chromium atom from matrix to grain boundary (GB) was constructed on the basis of classical nucleation theory, Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami law, and diffusion theory. The validity of this model was evaluated by comparing the simulated results of the carbide average size and chromium concentration near the GB with the corresponding measured results. A discontinuous factor was introduced based on the relation linking the interdistance between the carbides and the carbide average size; thus, the carbide morphology and chromium concentration could be predicted by this model. According to the results of the experiments and simulations, a carbide discontinuous factor smaller than 2.2 together with the chromium concentration at the GB higher than a critical value (21 wt pct) were essential for the corrosion resistance ability of the alloy, and then some proper heat-treatment conditions were obtained through predicting the value of the two variables. In addition, the effects of the grain size and composition variation on the carbide discontinuous factor and chromium concentration profile were simulated. The results indicated that an intermediate grain size of approximately 31.8 to ~63.5 μm was beneficial for effectively improving the resistance of the alloy to SCC. Simultaneously, the carbon content should be adjusted near 0.02 pct, and the chromium content should be the highest possible in its chemical composition scale.

  6. Chemical vapour deposition: Transition metal carbides go 2D

    DOE PAGES

    Gogotsi, Yury

    2015-08-17

    Here, the research community has been steadily expanding the family of few-atom-thick crystals beyond graphene, discovering new materials or producing known materials in a 2D state and demonstrating their unique properties 1, 2. Recently, nanometre-thin 2D transition metal carbides have also joined this family 3. Writing in Nature Materials, Chuan Xu and colleagues now report a significant advance in the field, showing the synthesis of large-area, high-quality, nanometre-thin crystals of molybdenum carbide that demonstrate low-temperature 2D superconductivity 4. Moreover, they also show that other ultrathin carbide crystals, such as tungsten and tantalum carbides, can be grown by chemical vapour depositionmore » with a high crystallinity and very low defect concentration.« less

  7. Silicon carbide sintered body manufactured from silicon carbide powder containing boron, silicon and carbonaceous additive

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Tanaka, Hidehiko

    1987-01-01

    A silicon carbide powder of a 5-micron grain size is mixed with 0.15 to 0.60 wt% mixture of a boron compound, i.e., boric acid, boron carbide (B4C), silicon boride (SiB4 or SiB6), aluminum boride, etc., and an aluminum compound, i.e., aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum carbide, etc., or aluminum boride (AlB2) alone, in such a proportion that the boron/aluminum atomic ratio in the sintered body becomes 0.05 to 0.25 wt% and 0.05 to 0.40 wt%, respectively, together with a carbonaceous additive to supply enough carbon to convert oxygen accompanying raw materials and additives into carbon monoxide.

  8. Preliminary study of neutron absorption by concrete with boron carbide addition

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Abdullah, Yusof; Ariffin, Fatin Nabilah Tajul; Hamid, Roszilah; Yusof, Mohd Reusmaazran; Zali, Nurazila Mat; Ahmad, Megat Harun Al Rashid Megat; Yazid, Hafizal; Ahmad, Sahrim; Mohamed, Abdul Aziz

    2014-02-01

    Concrete has become a conventional material in construction of nuclear reactor due to its properties like safety and low cost. Boron carbide was added as additives in the concrete construction as it has a good neutron absorption property. The sample preparation for concrete was produced with different weight percent of boron carbide powder content. The neutron absorption rate of these samples was determined by using a fast neutron source of Americium-241/Be (Am-Be 241) and detection with a portable backscattering neutron detector. Concrete with 20 wt % of boron carbide shows the lowest count of neutron transmitted and this indicates the most neutrons have been absorbed by the concrete. Higher boron carbide content may affect the concrete strength and other properties.

  9. Iron Carbides and Nitrides: Ancient Materials with Novel Prospects.

    PubMed

    Ye, Zhantong; Zhang, Peng; Lei, Xiang; Wang, Xiaobai; Zhao, Nan; Yang, Hua

    2018-02-07

    Iron carbides and nitrides have aroused great interest in researchers, due to their excellent magnetic properties, good machinability and the particular catalytic activity. Based on these advantages, iron carbides and nitrides can be applied in various areas such as magnetic materials, biomedical, photo- and electrocatalysis. In contrast to their simple elemental composition, the synthesis of iron carbides and nitrides still has great challenges, particularly at the nanoscale, but it is usually beneficial to improve performance in corresponding applications. In this review, we introduce the investigations about iron carbides and nitrides, concerning their structure, synthesis strategy and various applications from magnetism to the catalysis. Furthermore, the future prospects are also discussed briefly. © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  10. Silicon-Carbide Power MOSFET Performance in High Efficiency Boost Power Processing Unit for Extreme Environments

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Ikpe, Stanley A.; Lauenstein, Jean-Marie; Carr, Gregory A.; Hunter, Don; Ludwig, Lawrence L.; Wood, William; Del Castillo, Linda Y.; Fitzpatrick, Fred; Chen, Yuan

    2016-01-01

    Silicon-Carbide device technology has generated much interest in recent years. With superior thermal performance, power ratings and potential switching frequencies over its Silicon counterpart, Silicon-Carbide offers a greater possibility for high powered switching applications in extreme environment. In particular, Silicon-Carbide Metal-Oxide- Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors' (MOSFETs) maturing process technology has produced a plethora of commercially available power dense, low on-state resistance devices capable of switching at high frequencies. A novel hard-switched power processing unit (PPU) is implemented utilizing Silicon-Carbide power devices. Accelerated life data is captured and assessed in conjunction with a damage accumulation model of gate oxide and drain-source junction lifetime to evaluate potential system performance at high temperature environments.

  11. Molybdenum disilicide composites reinforced with zirconia and silicon carbide

    DOEpatents

    Petrovic, J.J.

    1995-01-17

    Compositions are disclosed consisting essentially of molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide, and a zirconium oxide component. The silicon carbide used in the compositions is in whisker or powder form. The zirconium oxide component is pure zirconia or partially stabilized zirconia or fully stabilized zirconia.

  12. Electrochemical synthesis of binary molybdenum-tungsten carbides (Mo,W)2C from tungstate-molybdate-carbonate melts

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kushkhov, Kh. B.; Kardanov, A. L.; Adamokova, M. N.

    2013-02-01

    Nanopowders of binary tungsten-molybdenum carbide are fabricated by high-temperature electrochemical synthesis. The optimum concentration relations between electrolyte components, the current density, and the quantity of electricity are determined to synthesize binary tungsten-molybdenum carbides.

  13. Method of making carbon fiber-carbon matrix reinforced ceramic composites

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Williams, Brian (Inventor); Benander, Robert (Inventor)

    2007-01-01

    A method of making a carbon fiber-carbon matrix reinforced ceramic composite wherein the result is a carbon fiber-carbon matrix reinforcement is embedded within a ceramic matrix. The ceramic matrix does not penetrate into the carbon fiber-carbon matrix reinforcement to any significant degree. The carbide matrix is a formed in situ solid carbide of at least one metal having a melting point above about 1850 degrees centigrade. At least when the composite is intended to operate between approximately 1500 and 2000 degrees centigrade for extended periods of time the solid carbide with the embedded reinforcement is formed first by reaction infiltration. Molten silicon is then diffused into the carbide. The molten silicon diffuses preferentially into the carbide matrix but not to any significant degree into the carbon-carbon reinforcement. Where the composite is intended to operate between approximately 2000 and 2700 degrees centigrade for extended periods of time such diffusion of molten silicon into the carbide is optional and generally preferred, but not essential.

  14. MC carbide structures in M(lc2)ar-M247. M.S. Thesis - Final Report

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wawro, S. W.

    1982-01-01

    The morphologies and distribution of the MC carbides in Mar-M247 ingot stock and castings were investigated using metallographic, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. The MC carbides were found to form script structures during solidification. The script structures were composed of three distinct parts. The central cores and elongated arms of the MC carbide script structures had compositions (Ti, Cr, Hf, Ta, W)C and lattice parameters of 4.39 A. The elongated script arms terminated in enlarged, angular "heads". The heads had compositions (Ti, Hf, Ta, W)C and lattice parameters of approximately 4.50 A. The heads had a higher Hf content than the cores and arms. The size of the script structures, as well as the relative amount of head-type to core and arm-type MC carbide, was found to be determined by solidification conditions. No carryover of the MC carbides from the ingot stock to the remelted and cast material was observed.

  15. Controlling the Morphology and Oxidation Resistance of Boron Carbide Synthesized Via Carbothermic Reduction Reaction

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ahmed, Yasser M. Z.; El-Sheikh, Said M.; Ewais, Emad M. M.; Abd-Allah, Asmaa A.; Sayed, Said A.

    2017-03-01

    Boron carbide powder was synthesized from boric acid and lactose mixtures via easy procedure. Boric acid and lactose solution mixtures were roasted in stainless steel pot at 280 °C for 24 h. Boron carbide was obtained by heating the roasted samples under flowing of industrial argon gas at 1500 °C for 3 h. The amount of borate ester compound in the roasted samples was highly influenced by the boron/carbon ratio in the starting mixtures and plays a versatile role in the produced boron carbide. The high-purity boron carbide powder was produced with a sample composed of lowest boron/carbon ratio of 1:1 without calcination step. Particle morphology was changed from nano-needles like structure of 8-10 nm size with highest carbon ratio mixture to spherical shape of >150 nm size with lowest one. The oxidation resistance performance of boron carbide is highly dependent on the morphology and grain size of the synthesized powder.

  16. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Liu, Tingguang; Xia, Shuang, E-mail: xs@shu.edu.cn; Li, Hui

    Grain boundary engineering was carried out on an aging-treated nickel based Alloy 690, which has precipitated carbides at grain boundaries. Electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to investigate the grain boundary networks. Results show that, compared with the solution-annealed samples, the aging-treated samples with pre-existing carbides at grain boundaries need longer duration or higher temperature during annealing after low-strain tensile deformation for forming high proportion of low-Σ coincidence site lattice grain boundaries (more than 75%). The reason is that the primary recrystallization is inhibited or retarded owing to that the pre-existing carbides are barriers to grain boundaries migration. - Highlights:more » • Study of GBE as function of pre-existing GB carbides, tensile strain and annealing • Recrystallization of GBE is inhibited or retarded by the pre-existing carbides. • Retained carbides after annealing show the original GB positions. • More than 80% of special GBs were formed after the modification of GBE processing. • Multiple twinning during recrystallization is the key process of GBE.« less

  17. Effective load transfer by a chromium carbide nanostructure in a multi-walled carbon nanotube/copper matrix composite

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cho, Seungchan; Kikuchi, Keiko; Kawasaki, Akira; Kwon, Hansang; Kim, Yangdo

    2012-08-01

    Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced copper (Cu) matrix composites, which exhibit chromium (Cr) carbide nanostructures at the MWCNT/Cu interface, were prepared through a carbide formation using CuCr alloy powder. The fully densified and oriented MWCNTs dispersed throughout the composites were prepared using spark plasma sintering (SPS) followed by hot extrusion. The tensile strengths of the MWCNT/CuCr composites increased with increasing MWCNTs content, while the tensile strength of MWCNT/Cu composite decreased from that of monolithic Cu. The enhanced tensile strength of the MWCNT/CuCr composites is a result of possible load-transfer mechanisms of the interfacial Cr carbide nanostructures. The multi-wall failure of MWCNTs observed in the fracture surface of the MWCNT/CuCr composites indicates an improvement in the load-bearing capacity of the MWCNTs. This result shows that the Cr carbide nanostructures effectively transferred the tensile load to the MWCNTs during fracture through carbide nanostructure formation in the MWCNT/Cu composite.

  18. In Situ Measurements of Spectral Emissivity of Materials for Very High Temperature Reactors

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    G. Cao; S. J. Weber; S. O. Martin

    2011-08-01

    An experimental facility for in situ measurements of high-temperature spectral emissivity of materials in environments of interest to the gas-cooled very high temperature reactor (VHTR) has been developed. The facility is capable of measuring emissivities of seven materials in a single experiment, thereby enhancing the accuracy in measurements due to even minor systemic variations in temperatures and environments. The system consists of a cylindrical silicon carbide (SiC) block with seven sample cavities and a deep blackbody cavity, a detailed optical system, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The reliability of the facility has been confirmed by comparing measured spectral emissivitiesmore » of SiC, boron nitride, and alumina (Al2O3) at 600 C against those reported in literature. The spectral emissivities of two candidate alloys for VHTR, INCONEL{reg_sign} alloy 617 (INCONEL is a registered trademark of the Special Metals Corporation group of companies) and SA508 steel, in air environment at 700 C were measured.« less

  19. Carbide factor predicts rolling-element bearing fatigue life

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Chevalier, J. L.; Zaretsky, E. V.

    1973-01-01

    Analysis was made to determine correlation between number and size of carbide particles and rolling-element fatigue. Correlation was established, and carbide factor was derived that can be used to predict fatigue life more effectively than such variables as heat treatment, chemical composition, and hardening mechanism.

  20. Method of enhanced lithiation of doped silicon carbide via high temperature annealing in an inert atmosphere

    DOEpatents

    Hersam, Mark C.; Lipson, Albert L.; Bandyopadhyay, Sudeshna; Karmel, Hunter J; Bedzyk, Michael J

    2014-05-27

    A method for enhancing the lithium-ion capacity of a doped silicon carbide is disclosed. The method utilizes heat treating the silicon carbide in an inert atmosphere. Also disclosed are anodes for lithium-ion batteries prepared by the method.

  1. 76 FR 14083 - Proposed Exemptions From Certain Prohibited Transaction Restrictions

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-15

    ...This document contains notices of pendency before the Department of Labor (the Department) of proposed exemptions from certain of the prohibited transaction restrictions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA or the Act) and/or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the Code). This notice includes the following proposed exemptions: D-11468 & D-11469 The Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation Retirement Savings Plan, The Krispy Kreme Profit- Sharing Stock Ownership Plan; D-11632 Millenium Trust Co. LLC, Custodian FBO William Etherington IRA; D-11642 H-E-B Brand Savings & Retirement Plan and H.E. Butt Grocery Company; and L-11625 The International Union of Painters and Allied Trades Finishing Institute.

  2. Colloidal characterization of ultrafine silicon carbide and silicon nitride powders

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Whitman, Pamela K.; Feke, Donald L.

    1986-01-01

    The effects of various powder treatment strategies on the colloid chemistry of aqueous dispersions of silicon carbide and silicon nitride are examined using a surface titration methodology. Pretreatments are used to differentiate between the true surface chemistry of the powders and artifacts resulting from exposure history. Silicon nitride powders require more extensive pretreatment to reveal consistent surface chemistry than do silicon carbide powders. As measured by titration, the degree of proton adsorption from the suspending fluid by pretreated silicon nitride and silicon carbide powders can both be made similar to that of silica.

  3. Manufacture of silicon carbide using solar energy

    DOEpatents

    Glatzmaier, Gregory C.

    1992-01-01

    A method is described for producing silicon carbide particles using solar energy. The method is efficient and avoids the need for use of electrical energy to heat the reactants. Finely divided silica and carbon are admixed and placed in a solar-heated reaction chamber for a time sufficient to cause a reaction between the ingredients to form silicon carbide of very small particle size. No grinding of silicon carbide is required to obtain small particles. The method may be carried out as a batch process or as a continuous process.

  4. Dynamic Modulus and Damping of Boron, Silicon Carbide, and Alumina Fibers

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Dicarlo, J. A.; Williams, W.

    1980-01-01

    The dynamic modulus and damping capacity for boron, silicon carbide, and silicon carbide coated boron fibers were measured from-190 to 800 C. The single fiber vibration test also allowed measurement of transverse thermal conductivity for the silicon carbide fibers. Temperature dependent damping capacity data for alumina fibers were calculated from axial damping results for alumina-aluminum composites. The dynamics fiber data indicate essentially elastic behavior for both the silicon carbide and alumina fibers. In contrast, the boron based fibers are strongly anelastic, displaying frequency dependent moduli and very high microstructural damping. Ths single fiber damping results were compared with composite damping data in order to investigate the practical and basic effects of employing the four fiber types as reinforcement for aluminum and titanium matrices.

  5. Preliminary study of neutron absorption by concrete with boron carbide addition

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Abdullah, Yusof, E-mail: yusofabd@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my; Yusof, Mohd Reusmaazran; Zali, Nurazila Mat

    2014-02-12

    Concrete has become a conventional material in construction of nuclear reactor due to its properties like safety and low cost. Boron carbide was added as additives in the concrete construction as it has a good neutron absorption property. The sample preparation for concrete was produced with different weight percent of boron carbide powder content. The neutron absorption rate of these samples was determined by using a fast neutron source of Americium-241/Be (Am-Be 241) and detection with a portable backscattering neutron detector. Concrete with 20 wt % of boron carbide shows the lowest count of neutron transmitted and this indicates themore » most neutrons have been absorbed by the concrete. Higher boron carbide content may affect the concrete strength and other properties.« less

  6. Tribological properties of silicon carbide in metal removal process

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Miyoshi, K.; Buckley, D. H.

    1980-01-01

    Material properties are considered as they relate to adhesion, friction, and wear of single crystal silicon carbide in contact with metals and alloys that are likely to be involved in a metal removal process such as grinding. Metal removal from adhesion between sliding surfaces in contact and metal removal as a result of the silicon carbide sliding against a metal, indenting into it, and plowing a series of grooves or furrows are discussed. Fracture and deformation characteristics of the silicon carbide surface are also covered. The adhesion, friction, and metal transfer to silicon carbide is related to the relative chemical activity of the metals. The more active the metal, the higher the adhesion and friction, and the greater the metal transfer to silicon carbide. Atomic size and content of alloying elements play a dominant role in controlling adhesion, friction, and abrasive wear properties of alloys. The friction and abrasive wear (metal removal) decrease linearly as the shear strength of the bulk metal increases. They decrease as the solute to solvent atomic radius ratio increases or decreases linearly from unity, and with an increase of solute content. The surface fracture of silicon carbide is due to cleavages of 0001, 10(-1)0, and/or 11(-2)0 planes.

  7. Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of Co-Cr-W alloy fabricated by laser additive manufacturing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ren, Bo; Chen, Changjun; Zhang, Min

    2018-04-01

    Stellite 6 cobalt-based alloy powder was used to produce Co-Cr-W alloy using laser additive manufacturing technology, and then different heat treatment strategies were carried out on the deposited sample. The characteristics of microstructure under different heat treatment conditions were investigated using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, and x-ray diffraction. The results show that the as-deposited sample has few cracks or pores, and the microstructure is typical dendritic structure, and lamellar eutectic carbides are rich in Cr in interdendritic. The matrix mainly consists of γ phases and a few ɛ phases. Some γ phases transform into ɛ phases after 900°C/6 h aging treatment and lamellar eutectic carbides transform into blocky carbides presenting as a network, most of the carbides are rich in Cr and a few are rich in W. When heat treated at 1200°C/1 h followed by water cooling and then treated at 900°C/6 h followed by furnace cooling, it can be found that some γ phases transform into ɛ phases. The carbides transform into elliptical M23C6 carbides that are rich in Cr with the size of 1 to 3 μm and a part of W-rich carbides.

  8. Effect of SiC Nanowhisker on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of WC-Ni Cemented Carbide Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

    PubMed Central

    Fu, Zhiqiang; Wang, Chengbiao

    2014-01-01

    Ultrafine tungsten carbide-nickel (WC-Ni) cemented carbides with varied fractions of silicon carbide (SiC) nanowhisker (0–3.75 wt.%) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering at 1350°C under a uniaxial pressure of 50 MPa with the assistance of vanadium carbide (VC) and tantalum carbide (TaC) as WC grain growth inhibitors. The effects of SiC nanowhisker on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-prepared WC-Ni cemented carbides were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that during spark plasma sintering (SPS) Ni may react with the applied SiC nanowhisker, forming Ni2Si and graphite. Scanning electron microscopy examination indicated that, with the addition of SiC nanowhisker, the average WC grain size decreased from 400 to 350 nm. However, with the additional fractions of SiC nanowhisker, more and more Si-rich aggregates appeared. With the increase in the added fraction of SiC nanowhisker, the Vickers hardness of the samples initially increased and then decreased, reaching its maximum of about 24.9 GPa when 0.75 wt.% SiC nanowhisker was added. However, the flexural strength of the sample gradually decreased with increasing addition fraction of SiC nanowhisker. PMID:25003143

  9. Design of boron carbide-shielded irradiation channel of the outer irradiation channel of the Ghana Research Reactor-1 using MCNP.

    PubMed

    Abrefah, R G; Sogbadji, R B M; Ampomah-Amoako, E; Birikorang, S A; Odoi, H C; Nyarko, B J B

    2011-01-01

    The MCNP model for the Ghana Research Reactor-1 was redesigned to incorporate a boron carbide-shielded irradiation channel in one of the outer irradiation channels. Extensive investigations were made before arriving at the final design of only one boron carbide covered outer irradiation channel; as all the other designs that were considered did not give desirable results of neutronic performance. The concept of redesigning a new MCNP model, which has a boron carbide-shielded channel is to equip the Ghana Research Reactor-1 with the means of performing efficient epithermal neutron activation analysis. After the simulation, a comparison of the results from the original MCNP model for the Ghana Research Reactor-1 and the new redesigned model of the boron carbide shielded channel was made. The final effective criticality of the original MCNP model for the GHARR-1 was recorded as 1.00402 while that of the new boron carbide designed model was recorded as 1.00282. Also, a final prompt neutron lifetime of 1.5245 × 10(-4)s was recorded for the new boron carbide designed model while a value of 1.5571 × 10(-7)s was recorded for the original MCNP design of the GHARR-1. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  10. Enhancement of oxidation resistance via a self-healing boron carbide coating on diamond particles

    PubMed Central

    Sun, Youhong; Meng, Qingnan; Qian, Ming; Liu, Baochang; Gao, Ke; Ma, Yinlong; Wen, Mao; Zheng, Weitao

    2016-01-01

    A boron carbide coating was applied to diamond particles by heating the particles in a powder mixture consisting of H3BO3, B and Mg. The composition, bond state and coverage fraction of the boron carbide coating on the diamond particles were investigated. The boron carbide coating prefers to grow on the diamond (100) surface than on the diamond (111) surface. A stoichiometric B4C coating completely covered the diamond particle after maintaining the raw mixture at 1200 °C for 2 h. The contribution of the boron carbide coating to the oxidation resistance enhancement of the diamond particles was investigated. During annealing of the coated diamond in air, the priory formed B2O3, which exhibits a self-healing property, as an oxygen barrier layer, which protected the diamond from oxidation. The formation temperature of B2O3 is dependent on the amorphous boron carbide content. The coating on the diamond provided effective protection of the diamond against oxidation by heating in air at 1000 °C for 1 h. Furthermore, the presence of the boron carbide coating also contributed to the maintenance of the static compressive strength during the annealing of diamond in air. PMID:26831205

  11. Enhancement of oxidation resistance via a self-healing boron carbide coating on diamond particles.

    PubMed

    Sun, Youhong; Meng, Qingnan; Qian, Ming; Liu, Baochang; Gao, Ke; Ma, Yinlong; Wen, Mao; Zheng, Weitao

    2016-02-02

    A boron carbide coating was applied to diamond particles by heating the particles in a powder mixture consisting of H3BO3, B and Mg. The composition, bond state and coverage fraction of the boron carbide coating on the diamond particles were investigated. The boron carbide coating prefers to grow on the diamond (100) surface than on the diamond (111) surface. A stoichiometric B4C coating completely covered the diamond particle after maintaining the raw mixture at 1200 °C for 2 h. The contribution of the boron carbide coating to the oxidation resistance enhancement of the diamond particles was investigated. During annealing of the coated diamond in air, the priory formed B2O3, which exhibits a self-healing property, as an oxygen barrier layer, which protected the diamond from oxidation. The formation temperature of B2O3 is dependent on the amorphous boron carbide content. The coating on the diamond provided effective protection of the diamond against oxidation by heating in air at 1000 °C for 1 h. Furthermore, the presence of the boron carbide coating also contributed to the maintenance of the static compressive strength during the annealing of diamond in air.

  12. Friction-induced structural transformations of the carbide phase in Hadfield steel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Korshunov, L. G.; Sagaradze, V. V.; Chernenko, N. L.; Shabashov, V. A.

    2015-08-01

    Structural transformations of the carbide phase in Hadfield steel (110G13) that occur upon plastic deformation by dry sliding friction have been studied by methods of optical metallography, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Deformation is shown to lead to the refinement of the particles of the carbide phase (Fe, Mn)3C to a nanosized level. The effect of the deformation-induced dissolution of (Fe, Mn)3C carbides in austenite of 110G13 (Hadfield) steel has been revealed, which manifests in the appearance of new lines belonging to austenite with an unusually large lattice parameter ( a = 0.3660-0.3680 nm) in the X-ray diffraction patterns of steel tempered to obtain a fine-lamellar carbide phase after deformation. This austenite is the result of the deformation-induced dissolution of disperse (Fe, Mn)3C particles, which leads to the local enrichment of austenite with carbon and manganese. The tempering that leads to the formation of carbide particles in 110G13 steel exerts a negative influence on the strain hardening of the steel, despite the increase in the hardness of steel upon tempering and the development of the processes of the deformation-induced dissolution of the carbide phase, which leads to the strengthening of the γ solid solution.

  13. A study of lubrication, processing conditions, and material combinations that affect the wear of micro-textured-carbide coated cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy surfaces used for artificial joints implants

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ettienne-Modeste, Geriel A.

    Total joint replacement remains one of the most successful treatments for arthritis. The most common materials used for artificial joints are metals (e.g., cobalt-chrome alloys or titanium alloys), which articulate against ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Wear related failures of artificial joints may be reduced with the use of novel micro-textured carbide surfaces. The micro-textured carbide surfaces were deposited on a CoCrMo alloy using microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Wear tests were conducted to determine wear mechanisms and properties of the micro-textured surfaces. The research presented in this thesis addresses: (1) rheolgoical behavior of bovine calf serum with and without antibacterial agents to determine whether they can be used as appropriate models for synovial fluid, (2) the wear behavior of the micro-textured CoCrMo surface system, and (3) the mechanical and material properties of the micro-textured CoCrMo alloy surface relevant to wear performance. The rheological studies showed that the apparent viscosity of bovine calf serum increased with an increase in concentration before and after the serum was used for wear testing. The wear analysis showed that the processing conditions (2hr deposition vs. 4hr deposition times) affected the wear properties. The 2hr carbide-on-carbide lubricated in 50% BCS produced the lowest wear factor and rate for the five wear couple systems containing the carbide disk or plate material. Greater wear was produced in serum without penicillin/streptomycin (P/S) compared to the serum containing P/S. A greater carbide coating thickness 10 (micrometers) was produced during the 4hr deposition time than for the 2hr deposition (˜3mum). The nano-hardness value was higher than the micro-hardness for both the 4hr and 2hr carbide surfaces. The micro-hardness results of the worn carbide surfaces showed that an increase in BCS concentration from 0% to 100% increased the micro-hardness (HV) for carbide surfaces (from 873 to 1344 HV).

  14. Chemical and structural characterization of boron carbide powders and ceramics

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kuwelkar, Kanak Anant

    Boron carbide is the material of choice for lightweight armor applications due to its extreme hardness, high Young's modulus and low specific weight. The homogeneity range in boron carbide extends from 9 to 20 at% carbon with the solubility limits not uniquely defined in literature. Over the homogeneity range, the exact lattice positions of boron and carbon atoms have not been unambiguously established, and this topic has been the consideration of significant debate over the last 60 years. The atomic configuration and positions of the boron and carbon atoms play a key role in the crystal structure of the boron carbide phases. Depending on the atomic structure, boron carbide exhibits different mechanical properties which may alter its ballistic performance under extreme dynamic conditions. This work focusses on refinement and development of analytical and chemical methods for an accurate determination of the boron carbide stoichiometry. These methods were then utilized to link structural changes of boron carbide across the solubility range to variations in mechanical properties. After an extensive assessment of the currently employed characterization techniques, it was discerned that the largest source of uncertainty in the determination of the boron carbide stoichiometry was found to arise from the method utilized to evaluate the free carbon concentration. To this end, a modified spiking technique was introduced for free carbon determination where curve fitting techniques were employed to model the asymmetry of the 002 free carbon diffraction peak based on the amorphous, disordered and graphitic nature of carbon. A relationship was then established between the relative intensities of the carbon and boron carbide peaks to the percentage of added carbon and the free-carbon content was obtained by extrapolation. Samples with varying chemistry and high purity were synthesized across the solubility range by hot pressing mixtures of amorphous boron and boron carbide. Vibrational mode frequencies and lattice parameter measurements from Rietveld refinement were correlated to the respective B:C ratios calculated using the developed characterization techniques. An expansion of the unit cell and change in slope in the lattice parameter-stoichiometry relationship were observed at more boron rich stoichiometries. These observations were justified through the proposal of a simplified structural model considering preferential substitution of boron atoms for carbon atoms in the icosahedra from 20 at% to 13.3 at% carbon, followed by formation of B-B bonds from 13.3 at % C to 9 at% C. Hardness measurements uncovered decreased hardness values in boron rich boron carbide which was attributed to the formation of weaker unit cells. Load induced amorphization was also detected in all the indented materials. Finally, experimental observations have shown that failure in boron carbide may be governed by a mechanism other than amorphization and synthesizing boron carbide with a modified microstructure at stoichiometries close to B4C may be the way forward to attain improved ballistic performance.

  15. Zirconium carbide as an electrocatalyst for the chromous-chromic redox couple

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Gahn, R. F.; Reid, M. A.; Yang, C. Y. (Inventor)

    1981-01-01

    Zirconium carbide is used as a catalyst in a REDOX cell for the oxidation of chromous ions to chromic ions and for the reduction of chromic ions to chromous ions. The zirconium carbide is coated on an inert electronically conductive electrode which is present in the anode fluid of the cell.

  16. 40 CFR 424.40 - Applicability; description of the covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. 424.40 Section 424.40... FERROALLOY MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Covered Calcium Carbide Furnaces With Wet Air Pollution... with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to...

  17. 40 CFR 424.40 - Applicability; description of the covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. 424.40 Section 424.40... FERROALLOY MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Covered Calcium Carbide Furnaces With Wet Air Pollution... with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to...

  18. 40 CFR 424.40 - Applicability; description of the covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. 424.40 Section 424.40... FERROALLOY MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Covered Calcium Carbide Furnaces With Wet Air Pollution... with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to...

  19. 40 CFR 424.40 - Applicability; description of the covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. 424.40 Section 424.40... FERROALLOY MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Covered Calcium Carbide Furnaces With Wet Air Pollution... with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to...

  20. 40 CFR 424.40 - Applicability; description of the covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... covered calcium carbide furnaces with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. 424.40 Section 424.40... FERROALLOY MANUFACTURING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Covered Calcium Carbide Furnaces With Wet Air Pollution... with wet air pollution control devices subcategory. The provisions of this subpart are applicable to...

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