Sample records for unit school district
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Connell, Patricia A.; And Others
This report presents the results of a collaborative study undertaken by five rural, unit school districts in Illinois to provide data to be used in planning for school improvement. Information was gathered from on-site visits by teams of constituents from other districts and through a survey of perceptions of local community persons regarding…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mason-Dorman, Cheryl
2013-01-01
The School District of Philadelphia (SDP), established in 1818, is the eighth largest school district in the United States, with a student enrollment of 184,560 K-12 students. Like most of the other large urban school districts in the United States, its student population consists of more minority students than non-minority students. As the white…
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Cantillo, John R
2010-03-01
Local school districts are often one of the largest, if not the largest, employers in their respective communities. Like many large employers, school districts offer health insurance to their employees. There is a lack of information about the rate of health insurance premiums in US school districts relative to other employers. To assess the change in the costs of healthcare insurance in the 5 largest public school districts in the United States, between 2004 and 2008, as representative of large public employers in the country. Data for this study were drawn exclusively from a survey sent to the 5 largest public school districts in the United States. The survey requested responses on 3 data elements for each benefit plan offered from 2004 through 2008; these included enrollment, employee costs, and employer costs. The premium growth for the 5 largest school districts has slowed down and is consistent with other purchasers-Kaiser/Health Research & Educational Trust and the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program. The average increase in health insurance premium for the schools was 5.9% in 2008, and the average annual growth rate over the study period was 7.5%. For family coverage, these schools provide the most generous employer contribution (80.8%) compared with the employer contribution reported by other employers (73.5%) for 2008. Often the largest employers in their communities, school districts demonstrate a commitment to provide choice of benefits and affordability for employees and their families. Despite constraints typical of public employers, the 5 largest school districts in the United States have decelerated in premium growth consistent with other purchasers, albeit at a slower pace.
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Cantillo, John R.
2010-01-01
Background Local school districts are often one of the largest, if not the largest, employers in their respective communities. Like many large employers, school districts offer health insurance to their employees. There is a lack of information about the rate of health insurance premiums in US school districts relative to other employers. Objective To assess the change in the costs of healthcare insurance in the 5 largest public school districts in the United States, between 2004 and 2008, as representative of large public employers in the country. Methods Data for this study were drawn exclusively from a survey sent to the 5 largest public school districts in the United States. The survey requested responses on 3 data elements for each benefit plan offered from 2004 through 2008; these included enrollment, employee costs, and employer costs. Results The premium growth for the 5 largest school districts has slowed down and is consistent with other purchasers—Kaiser/Health Research & Educational Trust and the Federal Employee Health Benefit Program. The average increase in health insurance premium for the schools was 5.9% in 2008, and the average annual growth rate over the study period was 7.5%. For family coverage, these schools provide the most generous employer contribution (80.8%) compared with the employer contribution reported by other employers (73.5%) for 2008. Conclusions Often the largest employers in their communities, school districts demonstrate a commitment to provide choice of benefits and affordability for employees and their families. Despite constraints typical of public employers, the 5 largest school districts in the United States have decelerated in premium growth consistent with other purchasers, albeit at a slower pace. PMID:25126311
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Callaway, Roberta F.
2017-01-01
This study was conducted in the fall of 2015 in a large, urban school district located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. There are 33 elementary schools, one kindergarten through eighth grade school, eight middle schools, and five high schools in the district; three of the five high schools in the district participated. The district…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gray, Lucinda; Bitterman, Amy; Goldring, Rebecca
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School District Data File of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated with public schools and library…
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Three Contemporary Dilemmas for Rural Superintendents
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Howley, Aimee; Howley, Craig B.; Rhodes, Megan Eliason; Yahn, Jacqueline J.
2014-01-01
The school district is the fundamental administrative unit of schooling in the United States and the superintendent the lead official. The nature and the challenges of this position, however, vary across the landscape. Because most superintendents lead rural districts, the challenges facing those districts are the ones that typically bedevil the…
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The Determinants of School District Salary Incentives: An Empirical Analysis of, Where and Why
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Martin, Stephanie M.
2010-01-01
Most public school districts in the United States use a salary schedule to determine compensation for teachers within the district. However, some school districts have implemented incentive pay schemes that allow flexibility at the school or even individual teacher level. These compensation schemes in some ways may more closely approximate a…
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Review of the Organizational Structure and Operations of the Los Angeles Unified School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of the Great City Schools, 2006
2006-01-01
The Los Angeles Unified School District is the second largest public school system in the United States, and one of the largest organizations of any kind in the country. As with urban school systems across the country, the Los Angeles school district is under enormous pressure to improve. The district is under public scrutiny and is the subject of…
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A Report of Innovative Rural School Programs In the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barker, Bruce O.; Muse, Ivan D.
Ten innovative rural school programs are briefly described. Included are North Dakota's Mott School District #6 (316 students), which cooperates in a Multi-District Vocational Mobile Program bringing vocational education opportunities to isolated, rural students; Washington's Liberty School District (180 secondary students), where supervised…
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The New Job Description Handbook for the School Business Office.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Association of School Business Officials International, Reston, VA.
The ways in which individual school districts view and staff their business functions vary greatly. This document presents organizational charts and job descriptions of professional positions in the school-business office collected from school districts throughout the United States and Canada. Over 100 job descriptions from 50 school districts are…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cooley, Dwight A.; Floyd, Koy A.
2013-01-01
Historically, the number of public school districts in the United States has decreased despite a dramatic increase in the number of students enrolled. Although public school district consolidation has impacted districts of all sizes, since the late 1930's smaller rural districts facing dwindling community resources have merged or consolidated with…
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School Start Time Change: An In-Depth Examination of School Districts in the United States
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Owens, Judith; Drobnich, Darrel; Baylor, Allison; Lewin, Daniel
2014-01-01
In response to the scientific evidence documenting both profound developmental changes in sleep and circadian biology during adolescence and the myriad of negative health, performance, and safety outcomes risks associated with chronic sleep loss, at least 70 public school districts in the United States, representing approximately 1,000 schools,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Oyeleye, Omobola Awosika
2013-01-01
The purpose of the study was to examine the circumstances and practices that led to OCR and DOJ investigations in seven selected school districts, and to determine the emerging themes from the details of the settlement agreements between the school districts and the United States. The themes developed through this study were aimed at providing a…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.
The District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS) is one of the largest public school districts in the United States. Since 1989-90, there have been questions about several aspects of DCPS's enrollment-count process. A valid enrollment-count process and an accurate count are critical to DCPS's district- and school-level planning, staffing, funding,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gordon, Nora; Knight, Brian
2006-01-01
This paper examines the forces behind political integration through the lens of school district consolidations, which reduced the number of school districts in the United States from around 130,000 in 1930 to under 15,000 at present. Despite this large observed decline, many districts resisted consolidation before ultimately merging and others…
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Mississippi School Districts: Factors in the Disestablishment of Dual Systems. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Palmer, James M.
This research is basically a search for a model to explain why some districts achieved a higher degree of desegregation than others in their efforts to disestablish the dual system. The population studied consists of all of the school districts in Mississippi, and the unit of analysis was the local school district. Three types of variables were…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.
This document contains a letter to members of the United States Senate reporting the information gathered from a study of five school districts' experiences funding technology programs. Appendices, which comprise the majority of the document, include the project scope and evaluation, and the reports from each school district. The five school…
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Educational Renegades: Dissatisfied Teachers as Drivers of Charter School Formation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Milliman, Scott; Maranto, Robert
2009-01-01
The U.S. charter school movement has expanded rapidly, but this growth is geographically uneven at the school district level. Focusing on Arizona--which has the least restrictive charter school law in the United States--we use district variables to determine the factors driving charter market share in 41 districts. Included in our analysis is an…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Aritomi, Paola; Coopersmith, Jared; Gruber, Kerry
2009-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the school district data file of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The public school sample…
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Collaborating with the Community: Lessons from a Rural School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walker, Anne
2012-01-01
This article, based on case study research, highlights how a rural school district in the midwestern United States collaborated with local community organizations to meet the needs of English language learners after the district and community experienced rapid ethnic diversification. In particular, the district EL coordinator spearheaded the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ralston, Nicole; Weitzel, Bruce; Waggoner, Jacqueline; Naegele, Zulema; Smith, Rebecca
2016-01-01
There has been a recent shift in university-district partnership models from traditional transactional partnerships, which lack a shared purpose, to transformational partnerships that are mutually beneficial to both universities and school districts. These transformational research-practice partnerships have gained popularity in the United States…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ikpa, Vivian W.; McGuire, C. Kent
2009-01-01
The interplay between sociopolitical forces and economic agendas becomes apparent when one examines the June 28, 2007 United States Supreme Court Decision, Parents Involved In Community Schools v. Seattle School District . In a reversal of the 1954 Brown Decision, the United States Supreme Court ruled that public schools could not use race as a…
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Improving the Small Rural or Remote School: The Role of the District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Clarke, Simon; Wildy, Helen
2011-01-01
There is a robust body of work highlighting distinctive challenges encountered by leaders of small schools in pursuit of school improvement but this work has focused on the school as the unit of change and neglects the role of the district. As the district potentially influences what principals know and how they use their knowledge, this article…
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Public School District Immunity Status in the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kemper Insurance Group, Chicago, IL.
This paper compiles results of a State-by-State survey of public school district immunity. The survey sought to discover if (1) school districts in each State have governmental immunity for liability, (2) this immunity applies only to governmental activities or to proprietary activities also, (3) board members and employees have immunity, (4) the…
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A District Wellness Policy: The Gap between Policy and Practice
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Turgeon, Brenda
2013-01-01
This article examines the gap between a federally-mandated wellness policy and its practice in U.S. schools. To address the problem of childhood obesity, the United States government requires school districts to develop a District Wellness Policy (DWP) that promotes a healthy school environment, healthy food choices, nutrition education, and…
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Kent Intermediate School District: From Invisible Agency to Power Player
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Koehler, Ronald
2009-01-01
Michigan's intermediate school districts were created by constitutional convention in 1962. Between their inception and 2000, few units of government were less visible and less understood. This article chronicles the emergence of one intermediate school district as an aggressive force for change in education and a locus of activity for community…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
King, Jean A.; Rohmer-Hirt, Johnna A.
2011-01-01
From the 1980s to the present, educational accountability in the United States has grown dramatically. Such accountability in U.S. school districts, although driven primarily by external demands, has internal manifestations as well. The chapter traces the historical development of internal evaluation in American school districts, then highlights…
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The Rise of American Urbanized Suburban High Schools: Teachers' Perceptions of Leadership
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Artiles, Dagoberto
2013-01-01
In the United States a high school diploma offers a pathway to the growing professional occupations creating the American middle class. The continuous influx of minority families into suburban school districts eventually urbanized districts. As a result, multiple districts struggle in the process of educating a shifted population. Studies have…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Young, Beth Aronstamm
This publication provides basic descriptive information about the 100 largest school districts (ranked by student membership) in the United States and jurisdictions (Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of Defense Schools, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands). Almost one in every four public-school…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parkway School District, Chesterfield, MO.
This unit, designed for use with junior high school students, focuses on the factors involved in subdivision design and planning. Although it is specifically constructed for use in the Parkway School District, Chesterfield, Missouri, it could be adapted for use in any suburban area where subdivisions (multiple and/or single family units) exist. It…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Garofano, Anthony; Sable, Jennifer
2008-01-01
This report describes the characteristics of the 100 largest public elementary and secondary school districts in the United States and its jurisdictions. These districts are defined as the 100 largest according to the size of their student population. The information in this report was provided by state education agency officials to the National…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sable, Jennifer; Plotts, Chris; Mitchell, Lindsey
2010-01-01
This report describes the characteristics of the 100 largest public elementary and secondary school districts in the United States and its jurisdictions. These districts are defined as the 100 largest according to the size of their student population. The information in this report was provided by state education agency officials to the National…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Plotts, Chris; Sable, Jennifer
2010-01-01
This report describes the characteristics of the 100 largest public elementary and secondary school districts in the United States and its jurisdictions. These districts are defined as the 100 largest according to the size of their student population. The information in this report was provided by state education agency officials to the National…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reinagel, Tyler P.
2014-01-01
School districts across the United States are often forced into situations where limited public funds must be distributed among multiple districts. These are often reliant on distribution rates negotiated by district leadership and elected officials. An example of this is Georgia's 1% Education Local Option Sales Tax (ELOST). The tax is collected…
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Finding Your "Element" in the High School/Unit District Superintendency
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hubbard, Bradford D.
2016-01-01
This research study examined the conditions and features that have worked in concert to afford a select group of high school/unit district superintendents to become highly successful. Many studies have critically looked at leadership, educational leadership, and the superintendency, however, this one utilizes a non-educational theoretical…
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Perceptions of Relationships between District and School Level Administrators on Student Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brookins, Tyrone
2010-01-01
The purpose of this qualitative study was to assess the extent to which perceived Using a case study of an urban school district, serving 40,000 students in the Midwest region of the United States, this study investigated district and school administrative leaders' perceptions of how their interactions influenced the achievement of black students.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Landry, Cheri Lynne
2009-01-01
This study investigated the leadership orientation frames of school district superintendents in Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi, which are the only three states in the United States with both elected and appointed school district superintendents. The theoretical framework for this study was developed by Bolman and Deal's (1997) four frame…
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SCHOOL DISTRICT ORGANIZATION FOR THE 1970'S.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
CRONIN, JOSEPH M.
FROM 1932 TO 1965, THE NUMBER OF SCHOOL DISTRICTS IN THE UNITED STATES DECREASED FROM 127,649 TO 26,802. IN NEW ENGLAND, HOWEVER, THERE WAS A DECREASE OF LESS THAN 100 DISTRICTS. NEW ENGLAND IS IN THE PROCESS OF CONVERTING FROM AN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY TO AN ELECTRICAL AND TECHNICAL ECONOMY. SCHOOL REDISTRICTING MUST OCCUR ALONG WITH THIS…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bowers, Alex J.; Lee, Jooyoung
2013-01-01
Purpose: Across the United States, a large percentage of school districts are in need of facility improvements to provide safe and adequate buildings to facilitate student learning. To finance new construction, school districts traditionally have put proposals before local voters to fund construction through issuing long-term bonds to finance…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gower, Amy L.; Cousin, Molly; Borowsky, Iris W.
2017-01-01
Background: Although nearly all states in the United States require school districts to adopt anti-bullying policies, little research examines the effect of these policies on student bullying and health. Using a statewide sample, we investigated associations between the quality of school district anti-bullying policies and student bullying…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Demissie, Zewditu; Brener, Nancy
2017-01-01
Background: Mental health conditions among youth are a major concern. Schools can play an important role in supporting students affected by these conditions. This study examined district-level school health policies related to mental health and social services to determine if they varied by district demographic characteristics. Methods: The School…
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The Arkansas School Finance Case: Is It Over Yet?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schoppmeyer, Martin W.
This paper reports on the protracted history of the Arkansas school-finance case, the longest-running school-finance lawsuit in the United States. It details in chronological sequence the lawsuit filed in 1992 by the Lakeview School District, a very small all African-American school district alleging that the state school-finance plan was…
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School Districts Move to the Head of the Class with Propane
DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
None
School districts across the country are under pressure to reduce their cost of operations and ensure their budgets are spent wisely. School bus fleets operate more than 675,000 buses in the United States, and many school districts have found the answer to their budget woes in the form of propane, or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Propane is a reliable, domestic fuel, and it's used in approximately 2% of school buses nationwide.
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76 FR 18783 - United States et al.
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-04-05
... containers. Dean, Foremost, and other school milk suppliers often use distributors to supply and service school districts. Dairy processors generally use one distributor per service area. While school milk... capability to deliver to all of the schools in the district. Many require early morning or other specific...
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Everett Jones, Sherry; Wendel, Arthur M
2015-04-16
Joint use or shared use of public school facilities provides community access to facilities for varied purposes. We examined a nationally representative sample of school districts in the United States to identify characteristics associated with having a formal joint use agreement (JUA) and with the kinds of uses to which JUAs apply. We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study. The response rate for the module containing questions about formal JUAs was 60.1% (N = 630). We used multivariate logistic regression models to examine the adjusted odds of having a formal JUA and χ(2) analyses to examine differences in district characteristics associated with the uses of the JUA. Among the 61.6% of school districts with a formal JUA, more than 80% had an agreement for the use of indoor and outdoor recreation facilities; other uses also were identified. JUAs were more common in urban than rural areas, in large than small school districts, and in the West compared with the Midwest, South, and Northeast. In many districts, school facilities appear to be an untapped resource for community members. Formal JUAs provide an opportunity for shared use while addressing issues of liability, cost, and logistics.
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Health Services: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brener, Nancy D.; Wheeler, Lani; Wolfe, Linda C.; Vernon-Smiley, Mary; Caldart-Olson, Linda
2007-01-01
Background: The specific health services provided to students at school and the model for delivering these services vary across districts and schools. This article describes the characteristics of school health services in the United States, including state- and district-level policies and school practices. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento.
This handbook provides information that administrators of maintenance and operations in California schools can use in systematically planning and scheduling school facility support services. The first unit, chapter 1, is designed to help members of school district governing boards establish board policies, regulations, and procedures. Topics…
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The Utah State Public School Finance Simulator
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Steffensen, Robert G.
1973-01-01
Reports on a simulator that shows the effect of proposed changes to school finance laws by legislatures on school administration. The simulator produces a report that (1) defines the basic units used to determine the dollar amounts to be disbursed to each local school district, (2) shows local school district disbursement amounts by program, and…
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Deregulation of the Electric Industry and Its Potential Benefits for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Watkiss, Jeffrey D.
1997-01-01
The electric utility industry is the last bastion of regulated monopolies in the United States. An overview of recent competition in the electric-power industry at both the federal and state levels and how this may affect school districts is offered in this article. The text identifies and evaluates how school districts can obtain cheaper power…
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Knocking Down Barriers: How California Superintendents Are Implementing Blended Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Horn, Michael B.; Gu, Anna; Evans, Meg
2014-01-01
School districts across the United States are implementing blended learning to boost student achievement. The authors convened several California school district superintendents to answer the questions: "What are the barriers, real or perceived, to implementing blended learning in your district?" and "Have you found solutions to or…
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Educating Homeless Children in the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Yon, Maria
1995-01-01
A survey of 102 urban school districts in large cities indicates that school districts have responded to the requirements of the Stewart B. McKinney Act for the education of homeless children to varying degrees. However, 69 percent of districts described the problem of homeless students as nonexistent or small. (SLD)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dalton, Ben; Sable, Jennifer; Hoffman, Lee
2006-01-01
The purpose of this publication is to provide basic descriptive information about the 100 largest school districts (ranked by student membership, that is, the number of students enrolled at the beginning of the school year) for the 2003-04 school year in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tracy, Karen
2007-01-01
School districts are both big businesses and a form of local governance that is part of American democracy. When a crisis makes a district's democratic face relevant, the organization will experience a dilemma that does not occur in business-only organizations. This study examines the public meetings of a school board in the western United States…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shakrani, Sharif M.
2010-01-01
As Duncomb and Yinger (2001) have stated, "School consolidation represents the most dramatic change in education governance and management in the United States in the twentieth century. Over 100,000 school districts have been eliminated through consolidation since 1938, a drop of almost 90 percent (NCES 1999, Table 90). This longstanding…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rossmiller, Richard A.; And Others
The major objectives of this NEFP satellite study were to identify in the fiscal capacities of school districts serving areas of varying economic and demographic characteristics and to assess the effect on the fiscal capacity of school districts and municipalities when all expenditures for public services by local government units are considered.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schwartz, Marlene B.; Henderson, Kathryn E.; Falbe, Jennifer; Novak, Sarah A.; Wharton, Christopher M.; Long, Michael W.; O'Connell, Meghan L.; Fiore, Susan S.
2012-01-01
Background: In 2006, all local education agencies in the United States participating in federal school meal programs were required to establish school wellness policies. This study documented the strength and comprehensiveness of 1 state's written district policies using a coding tool, and tested whether these traits predicted school-level…
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Dimensions of Improving School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pajak, Edward; Glickman, Carl D.
To broaden the scope of effective schools research by including change processes and a wider unit of study, this project investigated three Georgia school districts demonstrating improvements in student achievement for three consecutive years. Research identified these elements: (1) the sequence and influence of events, factors, and people…
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The Path of Diversity in K-12 Educational Institutions
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hunter, Richard C.
2009-01-01
The U.S. Supreme Court's recent decisions in cases involving school districts in Seattle, Washington, and Louisville, Kentucky, seem to indicate that the United States is moving away from diversity in its public schools. In "Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1" (2007) and "Meredith v. Jefferson…
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District-Level Black--White Funding Disparities in the United States, 1987?2002
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bifulco, Robert
2005-01-01
A large body of literature examines disparities in school funding across districts. Berne and Stiefel (1984) developed the standard framework for measuring school finance equity, and the measures catalogued there have been applied extensively to assess funding disparities across districts. Much of this literature has focused on measures of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bockman, John F.
Volume I contains the substance of five studies originally filed with the United States District Court for the District of Arizona in the cases of "Fisher v. Lohr" and "Mendoza v. Tucson School District No. 1." Study I determines patterns of attendance at several elementary schools by non-Mexican American and Mexican American…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lyon, Catherine
The Center for the Study of Evaluation's project, Evaluation and School Districts, used questionnaires to survey the heads of evaluation offices in metropolitan public school systems. This paper presents the preliminary findings of the survey. Most school systems have established a centralized program evaluation unit organized around three…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dixon, Shauna G.; Eusebio, Eleazar C.; Turton, William J.; Wright, Peter W. D.; Hale, James B.
2011-01-01
The 2009 "Forest Grove School District v. T.A." United States Supreme Court case could have significant implications for school psychology practice. The Court ruled that the parents of a student with a disability were entitled to private school tuition reimbursement even though T.A. had not been identified with a disability or previously…
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Frndak, Seth E
2014-12-02
This ecological study examines the relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level. Sample included 232 suburban and urban school districts in New York State. Multiple open-source databases were merged to obtain: 4(th) grade science, English and math scores, school district demographic composition (NYS Report Card), regional socioeconomic indicators (American Community Survey), school district quality (US Common Core of Data), and food desert data (USDA Food Desert Atlas). Multiple regression models assessed the percentage of variation in achievement scores explained by food desert variables, after controlling for additional predictors. The proportion of individuals living in food deserts significantly explained 4th grade achievement scores, after accounting for additional predictors. School districts with higher proportions of individuals living in food desert regions demonstrated lower 4th grade achievement across science, English and math. Food deserts appear to be related to academic achievement at the school district level among urban and suburban regions. Further research is needed to better understand how food access is associated with academic achievement at the individual level. Significance for public healthThe prevalence of food deserts in the United States is of national concern. As poor nutrition in United States children continues to spark debate, food deserts are being evaluated as potential sources of low fruit and vegetable intake and high obesity rates. Cognitive development and IQ have been linked to nutrition patterns, suggesting that children in food desert regions may have a disadvantage academically. This research evaluates if an ecological relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level can be demonstrated. Results suggest that food desert prevalence may relate to poor academic performance at the school district level. Significant variation in academic achievement among urban and suburban school districts is explained by food desert prevalence, above additional predictors. This research lays the groundwork for future studies at the individual level, with possible implications for community interventions in school districts containing food desert regions.
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A Continuum Approach for Developing School Leaders in an Urban District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Normore, Anthony
2007-01-01
This study examined a four-staged leadership development continuum for school leaders in a large urban school district in the southeastern United States. The program under examination included: LEAD Program; Interim Assistant Principal Program; Intern Principal Program, and; First Year Principal Support/Interim Principal Program. Qualitative…
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Developing Practitioner-Scholars through University-School District Research Partnerships
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ralston, Nicole C.; Tarasawa, Beth; Waggoner, Jacqueline M.; Smith, Rebecca; Naegele, Zulema
2016-01-01
University-community partnerships have gained popularity in the United States as a means of extending university research resources and collaborative opportunities. However, research-driven partnerships between universities and K-12 school districts that prioritize the research needs of K-12 schools are unique. Recently, education scholars have…
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Dealing with Dependence (Part II): A Gentle Introduction to Hierarchical Linear Modeling
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCoach, D. Betsy
2010-01-01
In education, most naturally occurring data are clustered within contexts. Students are clustered within classrooms, classrooms are clustered within schools, and schools are clustered within districts. When people are clustered within naturally occurring organizational units such as schools, classrooms, or districts, the responses of people from…
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Absorptive Capacity: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding District Central Office Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Farrell, Caitlin C.; Coburn, Cynthia E.
2017-01-01
Globally, school systems are pressed to engage in large-scale school improvement. In the United States and other countries, school district central offices and other local governing agencies often engage with external organizations and individuals to support such educational change efforts. However, initiatives with external partners are not…
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Index of Property Tax Non-Uniformity Among School Districts in New York State.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Div. of the Budget, Albany. Education Study Unit.
This report measures the inequities in school taxes on New York State residential property that result from assessment nonuniformity. The index of nonuniformity is a measure of the average percentage difference in school tax bills paid by owners of like residential properties in the same school district but in separate assessing units. Using this…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wingate, Crystal Nicole
2011-01-01
This dissertation will focus on the lived experiences of African-American school counselors in majority school districts and the lack of retention among this population. The lack of retention and representation of ethnic minorities in the workforce has been the subject of much discussion throughout the United States (Ingersoll, 2004). The…
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The Effects of Open Enrollment on School Choice and Student Outcomes. Working Paper 26
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ozek, Umut
2009-01-01
This paper analyzes households' response to the introduction of intra-district school choice and examines the impact of exercising this choice on student test scores in Pinellas County Schools, one of the largest school districts in the United States. Households react strongly to the incentives created by such programs, leading to significant…
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Successful Researcher-Practitioner RCT Partnership: Increasing Attendance by 15,000 Days
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rogers, Todd; Wolford, Tonya; Reitano, Adrienne; Feller, Avi; Subramanyam, Shruthi; Ternovski, John
2016-01-01
While the adjusted cohort graduation rate of students in the United States has reached 80 percent during the 2011-12 school year (Stetser & Stillwell, 2014), in the School District of Philadelphia (SDP) only 57% of its students graduate from high school in four years, which is typical of large urban school districts (Swanson, 2009). Moreover,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Green, Terrance L.
2017-01-01
Massive school closures are occurring in urban school districts across the United States. Research suggests that school closures are the outcome of racialized neoliberal policies and decades of disinvestment that have left many urban districts with fiscal deficits and declining student enrollments. However, some urban communities have successfully…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Strizek, Gregory A.; Pittsonberger, Jayme L.; Riordan, Kate E.; Lyter, Deanna M.; Orlofsky, Greg F.; Gruber, Kerry
2006-01-01
This report is intended to give the reader an overview of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) data for the school year 2003-04 through tables of estimates for public, private, and BIA-funded schools and their staff. The tables contain estimates from schools, teachers, principals, districts, and school library media centers for public, private,…
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Education Research and the Shifting Landscape of the American School District, 1816 to 2016
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gamson, David A.; Hodge, Emily M.
2016-01-01
Despite decades of critiques and scores of innovations designed to abolish or weaken it, the school district remains a central institution of the American educational system. Yet, although the district remains the primary agent of local democratic control and serves as the main unit for educational decisions, relatively little attention has been…
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Recruiting New Teachers to Urban School Districts: What Incentives Will Work?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Milanowski, Anthony Thomas; Longwell-Grice, Hope; Saffold, Felicia; Jones, Janice; Schomisch, Kristen; Odden, Allan
2009-01-01
Many urban districts in the United States have difficulty attracting and retaining quality teachers, yet they are often the most in need of them. In response, U.S. states and districts are experimenting with financial incentives to attract and retain high-quality teachers in high-need, low-achieving, or hard-to-staff urban schools. However,…
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Strength and Comprehensiveness of School Wellness Policies in Southeastern US School Districts.
Cox, Melissa J; Ennett, Susan T; Ringwalt, Christopher L; Hanley, Sean M; Bowling, James M
2016-09-01
In 2004, Congress passed legislation mandating that all public school districts participating in federal school meal programs develop a school wellness policy (SWP) to direct efforts related to nutrition and physical activity. We examined the extent to which SWPs varied in comprehensiveness and strength in a representative sample of school districts in the southeastern United States, the area of the country with the highest rates of childhood obesity. Policies were assessed using an established 96-item coding tool by 2 raters to ascertain the comprehensiveness and strength of the policies as a whole, and across distinct subsections specified by federal legislation. In addition, variability in SWP comprehensiveness and strength was assessed based on district sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, SWPs in the southeastern states are weakly written, fragmented, and lack requirements necessary for healthy school environments. District size, which was the only sociodemographic factor related to policy characteristics, yielded an inverse association. To encourage continued promotion of healthy school environments, school districts will require technical support to improve the quality of their school wellness policies. © 2016, American School Health Association.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bernstein, Lawrence S.; McLaughlin, Joan E.; Crepinsek, Mary Kay; Daft, Lynn M.
2004-01-01
In 1998, Congress authorized the School Breakfast Program Pilot Project (SBPP) to study the implementation and effects of providing universal free school breakfast in six school districts across the United States. For three years, from School Year (SY) 2000-2001 through SY 2002-2003, these six school districts received federal funds to offer…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chin, Laura, Ed.
This report reviews the first year of integration, under the implementation of the Six-District Plan, of the elementary schools in Springfield, Massachusetts. Through this plan the school department changed the racial composition in five previously imbalanced elementary schools and integrated the elementary school system. Redistricting, the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Goldring, Rebecca; Gray, Lucinda; Bitterman, Amy
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School Teacher and Private School Teacher Data Files of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated with…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bitterman, Amy; Goldring, Rebecca; Gray, Lucinda
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School Principal and Private School Principal Data Files of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bitterman, Amy; Gray, Lucinda; Goldring, Rebecca
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School and Private School Data Files of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated with public schools…
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Virtual Record Keeping: Should Teachers Keep Online Grade Books?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lacina, Jan
2006-01-01
Teaching and learning radically changed with advances in technology. Research shows that the computer can be an effective tool in both teaching and learning, and for that reason, school districts throughout the United States support schools by purchasing computers and software for individual classrooms. As a result, many school districts are using…
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Assessing American Indian Needs in New Mexico.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
French, Laurence; And Others
This paper focuses on New Mexico's high-risk Indian children and programs. Specifically, Western New Mexico University has been involved with the Gallup/McKinley public school district, the largest school district (5,000 square miles) in the United States (larger than New Jersey) with a school population that is 73% Indian. This paper examines…
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District Partners Support Students' Mental Health
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Elliot, Laura
2018-01-01
Asheville City Schools and Buncombe County Schools in Asheville, N.C., have partnered with the United Way of Asheville and Buncombe County to develop strategies for responding to the emotional and mental health needs of middle school students in those districts. More than 40 community partners have joined their efforts, which include a focus on…
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Addressing the Inclusion Imperative: An Urban School District's Responses
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DeMatthews, David Edward; Mawhinney, Hanne
2013-01-01
Over the past forty years, schools across the United States have become more inclusive for students with disabilities. However, in many high-poverty urban school districts, a disproportionate number of minority children with disabilities are segregated from their non-disabled peers. This article presents findings from a qualitative case study of…
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The Effects of School Facility Quality on Teacher Retention in Urban School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buckley, Jack; Schneider, Mark; Shang, Yi
2004-01-01
The attrition of both new and experienced teachers is a great challenge for schools and school administrators throughout the United States, particularly in large urban districts. Because of the importance of this issue, there is a large empirical literature that investigates why teachers quit and how they might be better induced to stay. Here we…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gentile, Elisabetta; Imberman, Scott A.
2011-01-01
Uniform use in public schools is rising, but we know little about how they affect students. Using a unique dataset from a large urban school district in the southwest United States, we assess how uniforms affect behavior, achievement and other outcomes. Each school in the district determines adoption independently, providing variation over schools…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parres, Laura
2017-01-01
English language learners (ELLs) are a significant and growing subset of the school age population across the United States. The projected growth of ELL students is significant and poses unique challenges for school districts when assessing bilingual students for special education. The state of California has the most ELL students in the nation…
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Gower, Amy L; Cousin, Molly; Borowsky, Iris W
2017-03-01
Although nearly all states in the United States require school districts to adopt anti-bullying policies, little research examines the effect of these policies on student bullying and health. Using a statewide sample, we investigated associations between the quality of school district anti-bullying policies and student bullying involvement and adjustment. School district anti-bullying policies (N = 208) were coded for their quality based on established criteria. District-level data were combined with student reports of bullying involvement, emotional distress, and school connectedness from a state surveillance survey of 6th, 9th, and 12th grade students (N = 93,437). Results indicated that policy quality was positively related to bullying victimization. Furthermore, students reporting frequent perpetration/victimization who also attended districts with high-quality policies reported more emotional distress and less school connectedness compared with students attending districts with low quality policies. Although statistically significant, the magnitude of these associations was small. Having a high-quality school district anti-bullying policy is not sufficient to reduce bullying and protect bullying-involved young people. Future studies examining policy implementation will inform best practices in bullying prevention. © 2017, American School Health Association.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, 2012
2012-01-01
This brief describes key features of the high school alcohol and drug policies in the 100 largest school districts in the United States. The written policies of at least 80% of these districts include parent conferences, referral to law enforcement, principal-determined suspensions, or referral for expulsion hearings (or some combination of these)…
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Miller, Christopher L.
In the United States of America, the public education system is comprised of over 14,000 school districts. Each of these unique districts is being affected by the enactment of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. In turn, this diverse population of school districts is determining the impact on education of this sweeping federal education policy. This study examines eight of those school districts to determine their actions related to the early phase of the implementation of one portion of NCLB, the accountability provisions prescribing standardized assessment for the determination of Adequate Yearly Progress. Specifically, this study examines what these eight Wisconsin school districts, serving from 1,000 to over 5,000 students, did with the student achievement data resulting from their state assessment, the Wisconsin Knowledge and Concepts Examinations (WKCE). A wide variety of responses were found in how school districts used the WKCE data. The eight school districts were examined to determine what features of their organizations were responsible for how they responded to the enactment of the AYP provisions, specifically how they used the WCKE data. District responses were found to be determined by district size, governance structures, personnel, and dispositions. The interactions of these characteristics were considered in light of organizational studies using conceptualizations borrowed from ecology and the theory of evolution and by studies of school districts.
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School District Crisis Preparedness, Response, and Recovery Plans - United States, 2012.
Silverman, Brenda; Chen, Brenda; Brener, Nancy; Kruger, Judy; Krishna, Nevin; Renard, Paul; Romero-Steiner, Sandra; Avchen, Rachel Nonkin
2016-09-16
The unique characteristics of children dictate the need for school-based all-hazards response plans during natural disasters, emerging infectious diseases, and terrorism (1-3). Schools are a critical community institution serving a vulnerable population that must be accounted for in public health preparedness plans; prepared schools are adopting policies and plans for crisis preparedness, response, and recovery (2-4). The importance of having such plans in place is underscored by the development of a new Healthy People 2020 objective (PREP-5) to "increase the percentage of school districts that require schools to include specific topics in their crisis preparedness, response, and recovery plans" (5). Because decisions about such plans are usually made at the school district level, it is important to examine district-level policies and practices. Although previous reports have provided national estimates of the percentage of districts with policies and practices in place (6), these estimates have not been analyzed by U.S. Census region* and urbanicity.(†) Using data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study (SHPPS), this report examines policies and practices related to school district preparedness, response, and recovery. In general, districts in the Midwest were less likely to require schools to include specific topics in their crisis preparedness plans than districts in the Northeast and South. Urban districts tended to be more likely than nonurban districts to require specific topics in school preparedness plans. Southern districts tended to be more likely than districts in other regions to engage with partners when developing plans. No differences in district collaboration (with the exception of local fire department engagement) were observed by level of urbanicity. School-based preparedness planning needs to be coordinated with interdisciplinary community partners to achieve Healthy People 2020 PREP-5 objectives for this vulnerable population.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bitterman, Amy; Gray, Lucinda; Goldring, Rebecca
2013-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the Public School Library Media Center Data File of the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public and private K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. School districts associated with public schools…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, Daniel A.
2012-01-01
An achievement gap in reading existed in a Southwest United States school district with Hispanic, economically disadvantaged, English Language Learners (ELLs), and special education sixth grade students based on Measures of Academic Progress data. This study investigated the effectiveness of the "READ 180" reading intervention program…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs.
A hearing before the oversight committee for the District of Columbia (D.C.) public schools provided the opportunity for several senators and educators to comment on the progress of educational reform in the District's public schools. The hearing was held at a time when the opening of the city's public schools was delayed because of their many…
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Henderson, Kathryn E; Falbe, Jennifer; Novak, Sarah A.; Wharton, Christopher; Long, Michael; O'Connell, Meghan L.; Fiore, Susan S.
2013-01-01
Background In 2006, all local education agencies in the United States participating in federal school meal programs were required to establish school wellness policies. The aim of this study was to document the strength and comprehensiveness of one state's written district policies using a quantitative coding tool, and test whether the strength and comprehensiveness of the written policy predicted school level implementation and practices. Methods School wellness policies from 151 Connecticut districts were evaluated using a quantitative coding system. In each district, school principal surveys were collected before and after the writing and expected implementation of wellness policies. Socio-demographic variables were assessed for each district, including enrollment, population density, political climate, racial composition and socio-economic status. Changes in school-level policy implementation before and after the federal wellness policy requirement were compared across districts by wellness policy strength, and policies were compared based on district-level demographic factors. Results Statewide, fuller implementation of nutrition and physical activity policies at the school level was reported after adoption of written policies in 2006. Districts with stronger, more comprehensive policies were more successful in implementing those policies at the school level. Some socio-demographic characteristics predicted the strength of wellness policies; larger, urban districts and districts with a greater ratio of registered Democrats to Republicans wrote stronger policies. Conclusions Written school wellness policies have the potential to promote significant improvements in the school environment. Future regulation of school wellness policies should focus on the importance of writing strong and comprehensive policies. PMID:22568461
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Deroche, Timothy R.; Cooper, Bruce S.; Ouchi, William G.
2004-01-01
For more than a decade, education reformers have admired the achievements of the Edmonton Public Schools in Canada, and school districts across the United States have attempted to replicate Edmonton's success with school-site decision making. However, most districts have stopped short of implementing one policy that is central to Edmonton's…
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Geographical Areas and Plant Facilities for Educational Purposes in Vermont.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dunham, Paul C.
School districts in Vermont are organized generally along town boundary lines with no clear distinction between town and school governmental units. State financial distributions are usually made to the town, and taxes are billed and collected by the town. There is a need for school district reorganization in terms of larger unified or 12-grade…
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Evaluation of a Shared Services Compact in Two Rural Ohio School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dziczkowski, Jennifer E.
2011-01-01
School funding adequacy is a topic that has received increased attention throughout the United States since the late 1990s. Current economic conditions, deficit spending, and burgeoning health care costs have caused school districts to compete with state governments for scarce monetary resources. Ohio is one such state. In December of 2008, the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Strahler, Brianna R.
2013-01-01
Throughout the United States, school districts are integrating programs into their reading curricula in response to an increased focus on reading achievement. While many school districts are implementing successful remedial and after-school programs, their approach does not include providing literacy instruction for students during summer…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lochmiller, Chad R.
2018-01-01
This case positions the reader as the superintendent of Jefferson City Public Schools (pseudonym). Like many urban school districts in the United States, Jefferson City faces a complex milieu of fiscal challenges attributed to inadequate state funding and declining student enrollment. Within this case, the superintendent must address the failing…
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Turner, Lindsey; Chriqui, Jamie F.; Chaloupka, Frank J.
2012-01-01
Objectives We examined whether state laws and district policies pertaining to nutritional restrictions on school fundraisers were associated with school policies as reported by administrators in a nationally-representative sample of United States public elementary schools. Methods We gathered data on school-level fundraising policies via a mail-back survey during the 2009–10 and 2010–11 school years. Surveys were received from 1,278 public elementary schools (response rate = 60.9%). Data were also gathered on corresponding school district policies and state laws. After removing cases with missing data, the sample size for analysis was 1,215 schools. Results After controlling for school characteristics, school policies were consistently associated with state laws and district policies, both those pertaining to fundraising generally, as well as specific restrictions on the sale of candy and soda in fundraisers (all Odds Ratios >2.0 and Ps<.05). However, even where district policies and state laws required fundraising restrictions, school policies were not uniformly present; school policies were also in place at only 55.8% of these schools, but were more common at schools in the West (77.1%) and at majority-Latino schools (71.4%), indicating uneven school-level implementation of district policy and state law. Conclusions District policies and state laws were associated with a higher prevalence of elementary school-level fundraising policies, but many schools that were subject to district policies and state laws did not have school-level restrictions in place, suggesting the need for further attention to factors hindering policy implementation in schools. PMID:23166788
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Turner, Lindsey; Chriqui, Jamie F; Chaloupka, Frank J
2012-01-01
We examined whether state laws and district policies pertaining to nutritional restrictions on school fundraisers were associated with school policies as reported by administrators in a nationally-representative sample of United States public elementary schools. We gathered data on school-level fundraising policies via a mail-back survey during the 2009-10 and 2010-11 school years. Surveys were received from 1,278 public elementary schools (response rate = 60.9%). Data were also gathered on corresponding school district policies and state laws. After removing cases with missing data, the sample size for analysis was 1,215 schools. After controlling for school characteristics, school policies were consistently associated with state laws and district policies, both those pertaining to fundraising generally, as well as specific restrictions on the sale of candy and soda in fundraisers (all Odds Ratios >2.0 and Ps<.05). However, even where district policies and state laws required fundraising restrictions, school policies were not uniformly present; school policies were also in place at only 55.8% of these schools, but were more common at schools in the West (77.1%) and at majority-Latino schools (71.4%), indicating uneven school-level implementation of district policy and state law. District policies and state laws were associated with a higher prevalence of elementary school-level fundraising policies, but many schools that were subject to district policies and state laws did not have school-level restrictions in place, suggesting the need for further attention to factors hindering policy implementation in schools.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
US Senate, 2005
2005-01-01
The Subcommittee convened this hearing to examine the challenges facing charter schools as they expand in the District of Columbia. They heard testimony from witnesses who are all founders and directors of innovative charter schools in the District. These witnesses shared their success stories as well as the individual issues and challenges facing…
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The World in Bexley...Instructional Units Incorporating International Education.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bexley City School District, OH.
This publication contains sample instructional units that were developed by staff members of the Bexley, Ohio City School District at an international education institute. The 33 units began with the regular curriculum of the district, and sought to integrate aspects of international education in such a way as to enhance the learning experience.…
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The Micropolitics of School District Decentralization
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bjork, Lars G.; Blase, Joseph
2009-01-01
This case study of school district educational reform in the United States adds to the knowledge base of macropolitics of federal, state and local governing bodies and private sector agencies in formulating educational policies: It also contributes to our understanding the microplitics of policy implementation. Middle managers' political…
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PDP-11 Meeting School District Administrative Data Processing Challenges.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Technological Horizons in Education, 1983
1983-01-01
Elmhurst Community Unit School District 205 (Illinois) is currently using a Digital PDP-11/70 computer system and administrative software to handle administrative functions with ease and efficiency. These functions include production of reports and payroll, student scheduling, reporting grades and student progress, and maintaining student…
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GASB's New Standard on Reporting Entity for School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harmer, W. Gary
1991-01-01
Explains the impact on school district financial reporting of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement 14, "The Financial Reporting Entity." One of Statement 14's objectives is for financial report users to be able to distinguish between the primary government and its component units. (MLF)
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Predicting Significant Reductions in Instructional Expenditures by School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Trussel, John M.; Patrick, Patricia A.
2012-01-01
This article uses survival analysis to investigate the symptoms of fiscal distress that can lead to significant reductions in instructional expenditures by independent public school districts in the United States. We hypothesize that the likelihood of significant reductions in instructional expenditures is positively correlated with revenue…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Olivier, Dianne F.; Huffman, Jane B.
2016-01-01
As the Professional Learning Community (PLC) process becomes embedded within schools, the level of district support has a direct impact on whether schools have the ability to re-culture and sustain highly effective collaborative practices. The purpose of this article is to share a professional learning community conceptual framework from the US,…
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The Fiscal Effects of School Choice Programs on Public School Districts. National Research
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Scafidi, Benjamin
2012-01-01
In this report, the author constructs the first ever estimates for each state and the District of Columbia of the short-run fixed costs of educating children in public schools. He endeavors to make cautious overestimates of these short-run fixed costs. The United States' average spending per student was $12,450 in 2008-09. The author estimates…
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Performance Evaluation and Compensation for Public School Principals: Results from a National Survey
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kimball, Steven M.; Heneman, Herbert G., III; Milanowski, Anthony
2007-01-01
This article reports on a national survey designed to learn how medium and large school districts are using standards-based leadership evaluation and related human resource management practices, such as pay for performance. Surveys were sent to all school districts in the United States with student populations 10,000 and over (total n=867).…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roundcount, Travis R.
2010-01-01
Across the United States, many communities are concerned with the prevention and response to school violence. To address their concerns, school districts and emergency responders (law enforcement) have increased their use of technological information when planning for and responding to a crisis event. There are many different types of security…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schwartz, Heather
2011-01-01
Montgomery County, Maryland, operates one of the most acclaimed large public school systems in the United States. Although an increasing share of the population of this suburban school district just outside Washington, District of Columbia, is low income, and the majority of its students belongs to racial minority groups, the county graduates 9 in…
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Rates of Beginning Teachers: Examining One Indicator of School Quality in an Equity Context
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gagnon, Douglas J.; Mattingly, Marybeth J.
2015-01-01
The authors use national data to examine variation in the proportion of beginning teachers in school districts across the United States by poverty, race, and urbanicity. In addition to being a proxy for teacher quality, the proportion of beginning teachers in a district also speaks to teacher turnover and therefore broader school quality issues.…
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Common Core of Data (CCD): School Years 1996-1997 through 2000-2001. [CD-ROM].
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics (ED), Washington, DC.
The Common Core of Data (CCD) is NCES's primary database on elementary and secondary public education in the United States. CCD is a comprehensive, annual, national statistical database of all elementary and secondary schools and school districts, which contains data that are comparable across all states. The 50 states and the District of Columbia…
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A Logic Model for Coaching Experienced Rural Leaders: Lessons from Year One of a Pilot Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lindle, Jane Clark; Della Sala, Matthew R.; Reese, Kenyae L.; Klar, Hans W.; Knoeppel, Robert Charles; Buskey, Frederick C.
2017-01-01
Rural schools dominate the United States, yet scant research exists on rural school leaders' development. Urban districts can transfer leaders to different locations, but rural districts, with few school sites, need leaders who stay and adapt to changing conditions. Mid-career rural leaders require a refreshed set of skills to carry school…
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Computer Assisted Instruction. 1988-89. 353 Project.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Granite School District, Salt Lake City, UT.
The Granite School District (Utah) conducted a project to implement competency-based/technology-assisted instruction in all of its adult high schools. The district adopted the state's core curriculum in order to establish clearly defined instructional goals and objectives; revised and added to the instructional units; made the curriculum uniform…
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Growing Scientists: A Partnership between a University and a School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Woods, Teresa Marie
2012-01-01
Precollege science education in the United States has virtually always been influenced by university scientists to one degree or another. Partnership models for university scientist--school district collaborations are being advocated to replace outreach models. Although the challenges for such partnerships are well documented, the means of…
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Sanchez-Vaznaugh, Emma V.; Goldman Rosas, Lisa; Fernández-Peña, José Ramón; Baek, Jonggyu; Egerter, Susan; Sánchez, Brisa N.
2017-01-01
Objectives To investigate the contribution of school neighborhood socioeconomic advantage to the association between school-district physical education policy compliance in California public schools and Latino students’ physical fitness. Methods Cross-sectional Fitnessgram data for public-school students were linked with school- and district-level information, district-level physical education policy compliance from 2004–2005 and 2005–2006, and 2000 United States Census data. Multilevel logistic regression models examined whether income and education levels in school neighborhoods moderated the effects of district-level physical education policy compliance on Latino fifth-graders’ fitness levels. Results Physical education compliance data were available for 48 California school districts, which included 64,073 Latino fifth-graders. Fewer than half (23, or 46%) of these districts were found to be in compliance, and only 16% of Latino fifth-graders attended schools in compliant districts. Overall, there was a positive association between district compliance with physical education policy and fitness (OR, 95%CI: 1.38, 1.07, 1.78) adjusted for covariates. There was no significant interaction between school neighborhood socioeconomic advantage and physical education policy compliance (p>.05): there was a positive pattern in the association between school district compliance with physical education policy and student fitness levels across levels of socioeconomic advantage, though the association was not always significant. Conclusions Across neighborhoods with varying levels of socioeconomic advantage, increasing physical education policy compliance in elementary schools may be an effective strategy for improving fitness among Latino children. PMID:28591139
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LEGAL ASPECTS OF METROPOLITAN SOLUTIONS FOR PROBLEMS OF RACIAL ISOLATION.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
1967
PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS IN THE UNITED STATES HAVE BEEN ORGANIZED IN DIFFERENT WAYS, BOTH WITHIN THE STATES AND FROM STATE TO STATE. IN SOME CASES SCHOOL DISTRICT STRUCTURE IS COTERMINOUS WITH LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL UNITS AND IS "DEPENDENT" ON THEM. HOWEVER, 78 PERCENT OF PUBLIC SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS ARE IN "INDEPENDENT" SCHOOL DISTRICTS…
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A Pilot Study to Explore the Equity Issues and Problems in Vocational Education in Illinois.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lynn, Mary Ann; And Others
A pilot study addressed the economic issue in vocational education as it relates to the wealth and size of school districts. Examined during the study were nine high schools and nine unit districts that fell into three subgroups based on wealth and enrollment. Data were gathered from public records as well as from school business managers and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bockman, John F.
Volume II contains the substance of five studies originally filed with the United States District Court for the District of Arizona in the cases of "Fisher v. Lohr" and "Mendoza v. Tucson School District No. 1." Study VI examines the migration of Spanish-surnamed households from Tucson's south and west sides to the east side…
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Design of Novice Principal Induction for a Central North Carolina School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hicks, Edward L.
2017-01-01
School districts across the nation are grappling with the issue of high principal turnover coupled with a decrease in number of experienced applicants to fill vacancies (Guterman, 2007; Hall, 2008; Johnson, 2005; United States Department of Education, 2010; Villani, 2008). In addition, college preparation programs are being called into question as…
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Court Cases Involving Contracts for School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Allen, L. Hank
2011-01-01
The purpose of this research was to analyze trends in the United States regarding contract disputes that exist in school districts. Court cases were identified at the state and federal level to determine the outcomes and the fact patterns of contract disputes. To gain the knowledge of how courts handle cases of contractual breach, contracts…
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Exceptional Children and Microcomputers, A Survey of Public School Applications.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Crowner, T. Timothy
Telephone interviews on the use of microcomputers in special education were administered to personnel in 25 districts (drawn from a random sample of the largest school districts in the United States) on the following topics: coordination of microcomputers; numbers of microcomputers owned and used; pragmatic uses; funding; brands used; selection,…
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School Districts and Student Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chingos, Matthew M.; Whitehurst, Grover J.; Gallaher, Michael R.
2015-01-01
School districts are a focus of education reform efforts in the United States, but there is very little existing research about how important they are to student achievement. We fill this gap in the literature using 10 years of student-level, statewide data on fourth- and fifth-grade students in Florida and North Carolina. A variance decomposition…
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eProcurement: The Technology of Smart Shopping
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Briggs, Linda L.
2006-01-01
This article talks about eProcurement and examines why school districts are so slow to make the transition. Despite the billions of dollars that flow from schools each year in procurement spending, most K-12 districts in the United States, especially smaller ones, persist in using paperbased procurement models in which supplies are identified in…
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The Politics of Diversity: Integration in an Era of Political and Legal Uncertainty
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Diem, Sarah; Frankenberg, Erica
2013-01-01
Background: The demographic landscape in the United States has shifted dramatically since "Brown v. Board of Education," leading to more complex diversity in many school districts than the diversity contemplated nearly 60 years ago. Desegregation research has shown that countywide districts are better able to maintain diverse schools,…
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Selecting, Preparing and Developing the School District Superintendent.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Carter, David S. G.; And Others
Although there are about 15,000 school districts in the United States, each headed by a superintendent, research on the superintendency has not been systematic and dynamic. This book presents a synthesis of research on the superintendency. Chapters include the following: (1) "Smoke, Mirrors, or Reality: Another Instructional Leader" (Shirley M.…
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10th Annual School Construction Report, 2005
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Abramson, Paul
2005-01-01
School construction in the United States dipped below $20 billion in 2003, the first time that had happened in the 21st Century, setting off alarm bells that the school construction boom might be fading. That concern appears to be unfounded. In 2004, school districts in the United States once again completed more than $20 billion worth of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs.
The subject of this hearing was the partnership between the District of Columbia's public schools and several private companies. This partnership resulted in the establishment of a school curriculum giving high school students exposure to specific career training and also orientation to the workplace. The training was in the fields of…
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Kentucky's Public Schools: Status Report; Program for Exceptional Children.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kentucky State Dept. of Education, Frankfort. Div. of Special Education.
Under Kentucky's Foundation Program Law of 1954 as amended, which provides for classroom units for exceptional children, the number of such units has increased from 99.3 to 29 districts in the Program's first year to 1,060 in 148 of the state's 193 districts in 1969-70. Units for the mentally retarded increased most, from 22.5 to 732.3, in 130…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brezicha, Kristina; Hopkins, Megan
2016-01-01
This paper explores the context of reception for immigrant students and English learners in one medium-sized suburban school district in the northeastern United States. Using qualitative methods, the authors describe how, despite a troubling context of reception emerging from a normative and political community context that harbored resentment…
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Achievement Test Preparation: A Year-Long Goal, Not a Last-Minute Thought.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Matter, M. Kevin; Ligon, Glynn
Yearly administrations of a standardized achievement test are a part of the educational process in many school districts in the United States. The Systemwide Testing Program in the Austin Independent School District Office of Research and Evaluation has gradually developed a process and support materials whereby the test administrations are a tool…
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How to Pay for Your One-to-One Program
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kiker, Rich
2011-01-01
These days, school district budgets are getting hit on both sides: State budgets are facing drastic cuts across the United States at the same time that many schools are dealing with rising insurance premiums and retirement fund payouts. It's no wonder that technology is often an early casualty in district fiscal planning. Unfortunately, in this…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Browne-Ferrigno, Tricia; Maynard, Brenda
2005-01-01
The Principals Excellence Program (PEP), a cohort-based professional development project for administrator-certified practitioners, is one of 24 projects across the United States supported by federal funds from the No Child Left Behind legislation. The three-year program is conducted through a partnership between Pike County School District, a…
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Y2K Survey Results: Counties, Cities, School Districts.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Petro, Jim
Survey data obtained in recent audits updated Ohio's local government units' assessment of Year 2000 (Y2K) readiness. The survey was developed with three intended objectives: (1) to provide an accurate assessment of the efforts to remediate the Y2K problem in Ohio's school districts, cities and counties; (2) to identify issues that could affect…
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A Study of District Leadership Practices in the Principal Professional Learning Community
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miller, Danielle G.
2012-01-01
This qualitative study was implemented in an urban, Title I school district in the southern portion of the United States. The problem the study addressed was that the various phenomena pertaining to the implementation of the principal professional learning community (PPLC), as perceived by the 14 participating elementary school principals, had not…
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La Frontera: Study of School Districts along the United States/Mexico Border.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison, Tenley S.; Lee-Bayha, June; Sloat, Ed
School boards associations in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas commissioned this report about K-12 education along La Frontera, the United States/Mexico border, to identify common issues and target policymaking and assistance efforts. Data were obtained from a research review and interviews and surveys of superintendents and school board…
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Wang, Y Claire; Hsiao, Amber; Chamberlin, Peter; Largay, McKenzie; Archibald, Abbie; Malone, Andrew; Stevelos, JoAnn
2017-01-01
As part of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act, snacks, and desserts sold in K-12 schools as of the 2014-2015 school year are required to meet the "Smart Snacks" nutritional guidelines. Although studies exist in tracking progress in local and national efforts, the proportion of snack food procured by school districts compliant with the Smart Snacks standard prior to its full implementation is unknown. We repurposed a previously untapped database, Interflex, of public bid records to examine the nutritional quality of snacks and desserts procured by school districts. We selected 8 school districts with at least 90% complete data each year during 2011-2012, 2012-2013, and 2013-2014 school years and at locations across different regions of the United States. We quantified the amount of calories and sugar of each product contained in the won bids based on available online sources and determined whether the produce complied with Smart Snack guidelines. In all 8 districts (snack expenditure analyzed ranging from $152,000 to $4.4 million), at least 50% of snack bids were compliant with the US Department of Agriculture Smart Snacks standard during the 2013-2014 school year. Across sampled districts, we observed a general trend in lower caloric density (kcal per product) and sugar density (grams of sugar per product) over a 3-year period. Many districts across the country have made headway in complying with the Smart Snack guidelines, though gaps remain. © 2016, American School Health Association.
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School Placement and Maintenance of At-Risk Youth under Agency Care.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bauer, Jo Anne; And Others
In 1987, the New York City Board of Education established the following three placement units responsible for improving school attendance and preventing dropping out among at-risk youth: (1) the Central Placement Unit (CPU); (2) the Persons In Need of Supervision (PINS) Diversion Unit; and (3) the Bronx District Attorney's Educational Outreach…
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The constitutionality of random drug and alcohol testing of students in secondary schools.
Estrin, Irene; Sher, Leo
2006-01-01
Adolescent drug and alcohol use is a major public health problem. Multiple studies indicate that substance use is a risk factor for physical and mental disorders in adolescents. Secondary schools and the communities they serve have been facing a long-standing problem of substance abuse. American adolescents have become quite accustomed to drug prevention being a part of their curriculum. However, some policy decisions made by school administrators have been legally challenged. In 1989, Vernonia School District serving a small community in Oregon, instituted a random drug testing policy of its athletes. In 1991, the parents of a seventh grader refused to give their consent for random drug testing. The seventh grader was denied participation in the sport and sued the School District arguing that the school policy violated the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, and Article I, Section 9 of the Oregon Constitution. In 1995, on appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, the School District won the case. The Vernonia School District versus Acton case became a landmark case, but random drug and alcohol testing in secondary schools has been a subject of multiple court cases. The authors discuss three of them. Both Federal and State Courts have recognized that a secondary school environment in itself represents "a special need," for which suspicionless searches are sometimes necessary to maintain order, safety, and discipline. Drug and alcohol testing programs in secondary schools may still be challenged on its legality. Therefore, examining court sanctioned programs and their long-term efficacy statistics is recommended.
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A SCIENCE PROGRAM FOR THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF LOWER MERION SCHOOL DISTRICT.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lower Merion Township School District, Ardmore, PA.
AFTER AN EVALUATION MADE BY THE TEACHERS OF KINDERGARTEN THROUGH GRADE 6, THE FOLLOWING AREAS OF CLARIFICATION, REWRITING, OR ADDITIONS WERE INDICATED--THE PURPOSE AND USE OF THE SCIENCE GUIDE, EVALUATION OF THE UNITS BY GRADES, ADDITIONAL MATERIALS FOR THE UNITS, A REWRITING OF PARTICULAR UNITS, HEALTH UNITS FOR GRADES 1 THROUGH 5, THE USE OF…
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School District Policies and Adolescents’ Soda Consumption
Miller, Gabrielle F.; Sliwa, Sarah; Brener, Nancy D.; Park, Sohyun; Merlo, Caitlin L.
2016-01-01
Purpose Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14–18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students’ consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts. Methods Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility. Results About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR = .84, 95% CI = .71–1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54–.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63–.91). Conclusions This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings. PMID:27021401
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School District Policies and Adolescents' Soda Consumption.
Miller, Gabrielle F; Sliwa, Sarah; Brener, Nancy D; Park, Sohyun; Merlo, Caitlin L
2016-07-01
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a significant source of calories and added sugars for youth ages 14-18 years in the United States. This study examined the relationship between district-level policies and practices and students' consumption of regular soda, one type of SSB, in 12 large urban school districts. Data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study and 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were linked by district. The outcome variable was soda consumption and exposure variables were district policies. We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after controlling for student characteristics and district free/reduced-price meal eligibility. About 18% of students reported consuming regular soda at least once per day. Most districts required high schools to have nutrition education, maintain closed campuses, and required/recommended that schools restrict promotional products and sale of beverages. Fewer districts required/recommended that schools offer healthful alternative beverages. Students in districts that restricted promotional products had lower odds of regular soda consumption (AOR = .84, 95% CI = .71-1.00), as did students in districts that restricted access to SSBs and offered healthful beverages when other beverages were available (AOR = .72, 95% CI = .54-.93, AOR = .76, 95% CI = .63-.91). This study demonstrates that certain district-level policies are associated with student consumption of regular soda. These findings add to a growing consensus that policies and practices that influence the availability of healthier foods and beverages are needed across multiple settings. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edwards, Brian S.
2012-01-01
The number of children (ages 3-21) in the United States designated as having a specific learning disability is over seven (7) million. Providing the programs, services and funding necessary to deliver appropriate programs and services to this special population is a challenge in virtually all school districts across the country. The role of school…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moyer, Judith; Onosko, Joseph; Forcey, Charles; Cobb, Casey
2003-01-01
This article discusses the History in Perspective Project (HIP), a collaborative project between the University of New Hampshire (UNH), its Supervisory Administration Unit #56 (SAU #56), and 13 other school districts. The authors' three-pronged plan was simple, straightforward, and, in some ways, experimental. From observation and experience, they…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Massachusetts State Board of Education, Boston.
This is the first of a series of planned studies undertaken (by court order) by the Massachusetts State Board of Education in order to monitor the progress toward desegregation in the Boston Public Schools. This volume includes the reports produced by department staff in areas monitored, together with selected statistical and other information…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Massachusetts State Board of Education, Boston.
This is the executive summary of the first of a series of planned studies on progress in the desegregation of the public schools in Boston, Massachusetts. The report covers the legal mandate, objectives, monitoring process, and findings for each of 12 areas which State officials are charged with monitoring: (1) student assignments; (2)…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Blazer, Christie
2011-01-01
An increasing number of states and school districts across the country are tying teacher pay to student performance. A recent RAND Education study found that nationwide spending on teacher performance pay increased from $99 million in 2006 to $439 million in 2010. However, many states and school districts face significant hurdles when they attempt…
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School Hopscotch: A Comprehensive Review of K-12 Student Mobility in the United States
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Welsh, Richard O.
2017-01-01
This article provides an integrative review of the extant literature on K-12 student mobility in the United States. Student mobility is a widespread phenomenon with significant policy implications. Changing schools is most prevalent among minority and low-income students in urban school districts. There is an ongoing debate about whether student…
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Greves, H Mollie; Rivara, Frederick P
2006-01-01
Background Federal nutritional guidelines apply to school foods provided through the national school lunch and breakfast programs, but few federal regulations apply to other foods and drinks sold in schools (labeled "competitive foods"), which are often high in calories, fat and sugar. Competitive food policies among school districts are increasingly viewed as an important modifiable factor in the school nutrition environment, particularly to address rising rates of childhood overweight. Congress passed legislation in 2004 requiring all school districts to develop a Wellness Policy that includes nutrition guidelines for competitive foods starting in 2006–2007. In addition, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently published recommendations for schools to address childhood obesity. Methods Representatives of school districts with the largest student enrollment in each state and D.C. (N = 51) were interviewed in October-November 2004 about each school district's nutrition policies on "competitive foods." District policies were examined and compared to the Institute of Medicine's recommendations for schools to address childhood obesity. Information about state competitive food policies was accessed via the Internet, and through state and district contacts. Results The 51 districts accounted for 5.9 million students, representing 11% of US students. Nineteen of the 51 districts (39%) had competitive food policies beyond state or federal requirements. The majority of these district policies (79%) were adopted since 2002. School district policies varied in scope and requirements. Ten districts (53%) set different standards by grade level. Most district policies had criteria for food and beverage content (74%) and prohibited the sale of soda in all schools (63%); fewer policies restricted portion size of foods (53%) or beverages (47%). Restrictions more often applied to vending machines (95%), cafeteria à la carte (79%), and student stores (79%) than fundraising activities (47%). Most of the policies did not address more comprehensive approaches to the school nutrition environment, such as nutrition education (32%) or advertising to students (26%), nor did they include guidelines on physical education (11%). In addition, few policies addressed monitoring (32%) or consequences for non-compliance (11%). No policy restricted foods sold for after-school fundraising or required monitoring physical health indicators (e.g. BMI). Conclusion When compared to the Institute of Medicine's recommendations for schools' role in preventing obesity, none of the nutrition policies among each state's largest school district had addressed all the recommendations by 2004–2005. Nutritionists, nurses, pediatricians, parents, and others concerned about child health have an unprecedented opportunity to help shape and implement more comprehensive school district nutrition policies as part of the Congressional requirement for a "Wellness Policy" by 2006–2007. PMID:16390544
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School Leadership and Technology Challenges: Lessons from a New American High School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Peck, Craig; Mullen, Carol A.; Lashley, Carl; Eldridge, John A.
2011-01-01
In this evidence-based practice article the authors investigate the challenges that leaders (administrators, staff, and teachers) face in high schools where personnel navigate technology reform. We studied an American comprehensive high school within a large school district in southeastern United States. School administrators and teachers faced…
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School-Based Management and Arts Education: Lessons from Chicago
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Fitzpatrick, Kate R.
2012-01-01
School-based management, or local school control, is an organizational school reform effort aimed at decentralizing school decision-making that has become prevalent in districts throughout the United States. Using the groundbreaking Chicago system of local school control as an exemplar, this article outlines the implications of such reform efforts…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reeder, Brian
2004-01-01
Standard & Poors (S&P) uses a measure they call a Performance Cost Index (PCI) as their measure of a school or district?s ?Return on Resources?. The Performance Cost Index is defined as the average cost per measured ?unit? of student performance. In its simplest form, the Performance Cost Index is calculated as per student expenditures divided by…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lamperez, Edmond Allen, Jr.; Dereshiwsky, Mary
2016-01-01
Student under preparedness is one of the major challenges facing community colleges in the United States. A contributing factor of student under preparedness at the postsecondary level is an inequitable and inadequate distribution of resources at the K-12 level. Students residing in socio-economically disadvantaged school districts that often…
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President Bush Bails Out on Bird-Flu Plan: "You're on Your Own" if It Strikes
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ashford, Ellie
2006-01-01
School districts in locations across the country are now in the process of considering what their role will be in the event that the United States happens to be hit by a bird influenza pandemic. There are some school districts which have already been drafting plans covering such issues to be examined as communicating with the parents of their…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tankersley, William J.; Burnham, James F.
2007-01-01
Interest in distance education, particularly online education, is increasing in public school districts throughout the United States. In an effort to aid those who are involved in the planning and administration of K-12 distance education programs in Georgia, the authors sought to gather and report baseline data on the current utilization of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Falke, Tricia Rae
2012-01-01
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a computer-based reading intervention on the reading achievement of sixth grade students in one elementary school in a suburban school district located in the Midwest region of the United States. Data were collected through two district mandated reading assessments and a computer-based…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Russo, Charles J.
2008-01-01
In light of the dramatic increase in the presence of weapons, violence, drugs, and other contraband in schools, school officials in the United States and England face significant challenges as they seek to maintain safe and orderly learning environments. Almost twenty five years after the United States Supreme Court's 1985 ruling in "New…
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Inclusion Inservice: Content and Training Procedures across the United States
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harriott, Wendy A.
2004-01-01
Inservice training (locally or state provided) is the primary means used to improve teachers' instruction employed in public school districts throughout the United States. Individual states are increasing inclusion efforts in the local schools. Various states have established state-initiated training programs to improve instruction for students…
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Public School Revitalisation in Detroit
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cave, Christin
2010-01-01
Too many children and not enough schools was once the issue facing urban school districts across the United States at the turn of the twentieth century. The rise of industrialisation and the subsequent influx of workers and immigrants overwhelmed urban areas and school planners alike, with everyone demanding access to public schools. However, a…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Steinberg, Matthew P.
2014-01-01
School districts throughout the United States are increasingly providing greater autonomy to local public (non-charter) school principals. In 2005-06, Chicago Public Schools initiated the Autonomous Management and Performance Schools program, granting academic, programmatic, and operational freedoms to select principals. This paper provides…
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Mass-casualty events at schools: a national preparedness survey.
Graham, James; Shirm, Steve; Liggin, Rebecca; Aitken, Mary E; Dick, Rhonda
2006-01-01
Recent school shootings and terrorist events have demonstrated the need for well-coordinated planning for school-based mass-casualty events. The objective of this study was to document the preparedness of public schools in the United States for the prevention of and the response to a mass-casualty event. A survey was mailed to 3670 school superintendents of public school districts that were chosen at random from a list of school districts from the National Center for Education Statistics of the US Department of Education in January 2004. A second mailing was sent to nonresponders in May 2004. Descriptive statistics were used for survey variables, and the chi2 test was used to compare urban versus rural preparedness. The response rate was 58.2% (2137 usable surveys returned). Most (86.3%) school superintendents reported having a response plan, but fewer (57.2%) have a plan for prevention. Most (95.6%) have an evacuation plan, but almost one third (30%) had never conducted a drill. Almost one quarter (22.1%) have no disaster plan provisions for children with special health care needs, and one quarter reported having no plans for postdisaster counseling. Almost half (42.8%) had never met with local ambulance officials to discuss emergency planning. Urban school districts were better prepared than rural districts on almost all measures in the survey. There are important deficiencies in school emergency/disaster planning. Rural districts are less well prepared than urban districts. Disaster/mass-casualty preparedness of schools should be improved through coordination of school officials and local medical and emergency officials.
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Collins, Beth
2012-08-01
School District Food Service Departments are faced with the enormous task of feeding children in the United States up to two thirds of the meals that they consume during the week at school. The shift in food production since the 1970s produced a trend away from scratch-cooked foods and resulted in more meals created from processed foods. The United States has reached a tipping point where the health of the current generation is compromised by increasing health risks of diet-related disease. Schools have been identified as a critical environment in which there is an opportunity to effect change in what children eat. As a result, in the last 10 years, there has been a resurgence of interest in freshly prepared meals in schools. This article explores one chef’s transition from the private sector to the public sector and the experiences of working with school districts to successfully transform their school food service operations into a scratch cooking model.
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Does School Quality Matter? A Travel Cost Approach
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Eyer, Jonathan
2018-01-01
Although the majority of school districts in the United States assign students to schools on the basis of geographic location, there is increasing interest from parents and policy makers in school choice programs. These programs allow parents (and children) to choose their school. In many cases, when students opt to attend a nonlocal school, the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zvoch, Keith
2006-01-01
Data from a large school district in the southwestern United States were analyzed to investigate relations between student and school characteristics and high school freshman dropout patterns. Application of a multilevel logistic regression model to student dropout data revealed evidence of school-to-school differences in student dropout rates and…
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Nelson, Suchitra; Milgrom, Peter
2012-01-01
To describe the strategies-based on the social triad concept of a partnership of researchers, school personnel and community-employed to recruit low-income, minority parent/caregivers of kindergarten children into a school-based tooth decay prevention trial in the United States. The study site was an urban school district with five elementary schools. Recruitment was carried out once each year for three years. Recruitment involved strategies at the school district, school, classroom, and student-parent level. A coalition of researchers, school personnel and community individuals was established for communication and recruitment. Outreach workers from the community were hired to promote, recruit, and disseminate oral health information. Study promotion included both print materials (logos, flyers, pictorial story boards) and presentations at school and community events. The School District Superintendent and administrators approved the study, and all five school principals and kindergarten teachers participated. All children within the classrooms were eligible: the overall participation rate of was 86% (580/672). Community outreach workers actively facilitated the recruitment and participants were recruited at open house for parent-teacher meeting (37% of all participants), sending letters and consent forms home (31%), at a prearranged convenient time during drop off and pick up of the child at their respective schools (30%), curriculum nights and health fairs (2%). Utilizing the social triad concept led to success in planning and carrying out the recruitment of predominantly minority school children with high participation rates. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Milgrom, Peter
2011-01-01
Purpose To describe the strategies--based on the social triad concept of a partnership of researchers, school personnel and community-- employed to recruit low-income, minority parent/caregivers of kindergarten children into a school-based tooth decay prevention trial in the United States. Methods The study site was an urban school district with five elementary schools. Recruitment was carried out once each year for three years. Recruitment involved strategies at the school district, school, classroom, and student-parent level. A coalition of researchers, school personnel and community individuals was established for communication and recruitment. Outreach workers from the community were hired to promote, recruit, and disseminate oral health information. Study promotion included both print materials (logos, flyers, pictorial story boards) and presentations at school and community events. Results The School District Superintendent and administrators approved the study, and all five school principals and kindergarten teachers participated. All children within the classrooms were eligible: the overall participation rate of was 86% (580/672). Community outreach workers actively facilitated the recruitment and participants were recruited at open house for parent-teacher meeting (37% of all participants), sending letters and consent forms home (31%), at a prearranged convenient time during drop off and pick up of the child at their respective schools (30%), curriculum nights and health fairs (2%). Conclusion Utilizing the social triad concept led to success in planning and carrying out the recruitment of predominantly minority school children with high participation rates. PMID:21986390
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Do Irregularly Shaped School Attendance Zones Contribute to Racial Segregation or Integration?
Saporito, Salvatore; Van Riper, David
2017-01-01
This research investigates if and how much the shapes of school attendance zones contribute to racial segregation in schools. We find that the typical school attendance zone is relatively compact and resembles a square-like shape. Compact zones typically draw children from local residential areas, and since local areas are often racially homogeneous, this suggests that high levels of racial segregation in the largest school districts are largely structured by existing residential segregation. Still, this study finds that the United States contains some attendance zones with highly irregular shapes—some of which are as irregular as the most irregular Congressional District. Although relatively rare, attendance zones that are highly irregular in shape almost always contain racially diverse student populations. This racial diversity contributes to racial integration within school districts. These findings contradict recent theoretical and empirical scholarship arguing that irregularly shaped zones contribute to racial segregation in schools. Our findings suggest that most racial segregation in school attendance zones is driven by large-scale segregation across residential areas rather than a widespread practice among school districts to exacerbate racial segregation by delineating irregularly shaped attendance zones. PMID:28804732
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Sexual Misconduct by School Employees.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mawdsley, Ralph D.
1992-01-01
The recent United States Supreme Court decision in "Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools" highlights the additional risks facing school districts and employees under federal statutes and the common law as a result of sexual misconduct by school employees. The "Franklin" case illustrates that damages could be available to…
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Professional Development for Parents
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Carter, Alex; Healey, Tim
2011-01-01
Every secondary school leader in the United States is aware of the importance of a successful transition from middle to high school. Schools and districts have implemented many programs specifically designed to help rising freshmen successfully make the transition to high school, such as ninth-grade academies, mandatory interventions, small…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shields, Thomas; Cassada, Kate
2016-01-01
In developing the next generation of school leadership, school districts across the United States and internationally must consider who is being promoted, the training they are able to access beyond traditional university degree work, the schools in which these emerging leaders enter their first principalships, and how prepared these new leaders…
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Buller, David B.; French, Simone A.; Buller, Mary K.; Ashley, Jeff L.
2012-01-01
BACKGROUND In 2002, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that schools adopt policies that reduce exposure of children to ultraviolet radiation to prevent skin cancer. We report here the development of a school sun safety policy measure and baseline descriptive statistics from the assessment of written policies collected in 2005-2007 from public school districts that enrolled in a randomized trial evaluating a policy promotion program. METHODS Written policies were collected from 103 of 112 school districts in Colorado and Southern California prior to randomization. We developed methods for selecting policy headings/sections topics likely to contain sun safety policies for students and for assessing the presence, strength, and intent of policies. Trained coders assessed the content of each policy document. RESULTS Overall, 31% of districts had a policy addressing sun safety, most commonly, protective clothing, hats, sunscreen, and education at baseline. More California districts (51.9%) had these policies than Colorado districts (7.8%, p<.001). Policy scores were highest in districts with fewer Caucasian students (b=-0.02, p=.022) in Colorado (b=-0.02, p=.007) but not California (b=0.01, p=.299). CONCLUSION The protocol for assessing sun safety policy in board-approved written policy documents had several advantages over surveys of school officials. Sun protection policies were uncommon and limited in scope in 2005-2007. California has been more active at legislating school policy than Colorado. School district policies remain a largely untapped method for promoting the sun protection of children. PMID:23061553
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Supreme Court of the U. S., Washington, DC.
In this landmark educational finance opinion (presented here in full) the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Texas case was not a proper case in which to examine a State's laws under standards of strict judicial scrutiny. That test, according to the Court, is reserved for cases involving laws that operate to the disadvantage of suspect classes or…
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Chriqui, Jamie F; Turner, Lindsey; Taber, Daniel R; Chaloupka, Frank J
2013-08-01
Given the importance of developing healthy eating patterns during early childhood, policies to improve the elementary school food and beverage environments are critical. To examine the association between district and state policy and/or law requirements regarding competitive food and beverages and public elementary school availability of foods and beverages high in fats, sugars, and/or sodium. Multivariate, pooled, cross-sectional analysis of data gathered annually during elementary school years 2008-2009 through 2010-2011 in the United States. Survey respondents at 1814 elementary schools (1485 unique) in 957 districts in 45 states (food analysis) and 1830 elementary schools (1497 unique) in 962 districts and 45 states (beverage analysis). EXPOSURES Competitive food and beverage policy restrictions at the state and/or district levels. Competitive food and beverage availability. RESULTS Sweets were 11.2 percentage points less likely to be available (32.3% vs 43.5%) when both the district and state limited sugar content, respectively. Regular-fat baked goods were less available when the state law, alone and in combination with district policy, limited fat content. Regular-fat ice cream was less available when any policy (district, state law, or both) limited competitive food fat content. Sugar-sweetened beverages were 9.5 percentage points less likely to be available when prohibited by district policy (3.6% vs 13.1%). Higher-fat milks (2% or whole milk) were less available when prohibited by district policy or state law, with either jurisdiction's policy or law associated with an approximately 15 percentage point reduction in availability. Both district and state policies and/or laws have the potential to reduce in-school availability of high-sugar, high-fat foods and beverages. Given the need to reduce empty calories in children's diets, governmental policies at all levels may be an effective tool.
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Blueprint for Tomorrow: Redesigning Schools for Student-Centered Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nair, Prakash
2014-01-01
The United States has about $2 trillion tied up in aging school facilities. School districts throughout the country spend about $12 billion every year keeping this infrastructure going. Yet almost all of the new money we pour into school facilities reinforces an existing--and obsolete--model of schooling. In "Blueprint for Tomorrow,"…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Erickson, Paul W.
2011-01-01
The United States is full of schools built in the 1950s and 60s that supported the boomer school-age enrollment increase. These schools, once beacons of the neighborhood, are 50 to 60 years old and susceptible to becoming the community "eyesore." Budgeting for maintenance was fairly systematic for school districts for the first 10 to 20…
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Preparedness to Implement Wellness Strategies: Perceptions of School Counselors
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Burnett, Tena
2012-01-01
The purpose of this study is to survey school counselors to determine their knowledge and perceived preparedness to implement wellness strategies in school counseling programs. Wellness plans are a requirement for thousands of public school districts in the United States. There are no established standards for the training of school counselors in…
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Litigation and School Finance: A Cautionary Tale
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Russo, Charles J.
2010-01-01
Beginning in the early 1970s, plaintiffs initiated a veritable tidal wave of litigation over financing public education in states with unequal funding for students in poor school systems. In the only case on school finance to reach the United States Supreme Court, "San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez" (1973), the…
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Critical Issues in School Law.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lewis, Larry
This publication summarizes and explains education-related court decisions in an effort to supply school people with guidelines in determining how school law applies to specific situations in their school districts. Although there is some emphasis on Oklahoma law, cases cited originated in all parts of the United States. Cases cited concern civil…
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Middle School Student Records as Dropout Indicators
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gregg, William Sherman
2010-01-01
Dropping out of school is associated with a wide array of negative outcomes and the extraordinarily high United States dropout rate has brought the issue to the forefront of American education. This study investigated normally collected middle school data from a suburban Colorado school district to determine the predictive value toward students…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stetson, Frank H.; Collins, Betty J.
2010-01-01
The overrepresentation of the Black and Hispanic subgroups in suspension data is a national problem and a troubling issue for schools and school systems across the United States. In Maryland, an analysis of student suspensions by school districts for the 2006-2007 school year revealed disproportionality issues. In 23 of the 24 jurisdictions,…
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50 Years after "Brown": Segregation in the Miami-Dade County Public Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moore, James
2004-01-01
Fifty years after the "Brown v. Board of Education" decision outlawed de jure segregation in American schools, many school districts remain segregated. Despite numerous efforts aimed at desegregation, residential segregation--the primary barrier to significant school desegregation--remains entrenched throughout the United States. The Miami-Dade…
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School Nurse Perspectives regarding Their Vocational Decisions
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Shirley G.; Firmin, Michael W.
2009-01-01
This is a phenomenological, qualitative study of 25 school nurses employed in a large, urban school district in the Midwestern section of the United States. The study's participants possess histories of professional work experiences in nursing specialties other than school nursing. Thematic analysis of the data revealed three prominent factors…
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Managing the Student Press: Consider Carefully before You Unsheath the Censor's Scissors.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sendor, Benjamin
1988-01-01
The United States Supreme Court's decision in "Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier" gives school officials sweeping power over school-sponsored publications and other curricular and extracurricular activities. To avoid charges of squelching student expression, school boards should make sure that policies limit censorship to legitimate…
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School Consolidation Survey: Iredell County: Mooresville, Statesville, North Carolina.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Engelhardt and Engelhardt, Inc., Purdy Station, NY.
This document explores the feasibility of consolidating three North Carolina school districts into a single administrative unit. Factors analyzed include future population and enrollment growth, existing buildings and school building needs, program offerings, staff qualifications, administrative organization, and financial considerations of…
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School start times and teen driver crashes : traffic tech.
DOT National Transportation Integrated Search
2015-12-01
Sleep health has become an increasingly important and studied : topic in the last decade. So much so that a number of : school districts across the United States have explored changing, : or have already changed their high-school start times to : a l...
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Is There a Magnet-School Effect? A Multisite Study of MSAP-Funded Magnet Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wang, Jia; Schweig, Jonathan D.; Herman, Joan L.
2017-01-01
Magnet schools are one of the largest sectors of choice schools in the United States. In this study, we explored the heterogeneity in magnet-school effects on student achievement by examining 24 magnet schools, funded under the Magnet Schools Assistance Program (MSAP), in 5 school districts across 4 states. The magnet effects were synthesized…
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STEM after school programming: The effect on student achievement and attitude
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ashford, Vanessa Dale
Science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) curriculum has become a major component in to 21st century teaching and learning. STEM skills and STEM careers are in demand globally. Disadvantaged and minority students continue to have an achievement gap in STEM classes. They do not perform well in elementary and middle school and frequently do not pursue STEM-based studies in high school or careers in the field. One innovation in STEM education is after-school programming to increase student interest, attitudes, and achievement. This mixed-methods study examines the Discovery Place After-School STEM Program to compare the achievement levels of participants to non-participants in the program and provides recommendations for STEM after-school programming across the district. As part of the study, teachers were interviewed to examine attitudes and perceptions about the program. This study was conducted at an elementary school in a large urban school district in the southeastern United States which has a unique STEM-based after-school program. Student performance data indicated a significant difference in achievement between participants and non-participants in the program as measured by fifth grade science End-of-Grade test. Data from the seven units of study in the program showed significant achievement for three of the seven units.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chaja-Clardy, Sarah R.
2016-01-01
Bilingual programs continue to expand in school districts across the United States to address the growing numbers of students whose home language is other than English. The Response to Intervention (RTI) framework was used to guide this qualitative study, the purpose of which was to identify the extent to which the five elements of RTI exist in…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs.
The focus of this hearing was on lessons learned in the District of Columbia public schools in the year preceding the hearing. In his opening remarks, Senator Brownback (Kansas) remarked that one of the first lessons is that the academic quality of the schools is not good enough and is in dire need of improvement. A second set of lessons focuses…
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Is the Four-Day School Week Detrimental to Student Success?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tharp, Timothy W.; Matt, John; O'Reilly, Frances L.
2016-01-01
School districts across the United States are implementing four-day school weeks. This study looks at the relationship between student achievement in the four-day school week compared to student achievement in the five-day school week. This analysis focused on a common criteria referenced test given to all students over a period of seven years in…
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Insulin Administration in Catholic Schools: A New Look at Legal and Medical Issues
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Huggins, Mike
2015-01-01
Anecdotal evidence indicates that more students with type 1 diabetes are enrolling in Catholic schools across the United States. Meeting the medical needs of these students appears to be a significant challenge--legally and logistically--for many Catholic schools. District officials, school leaders, and school staff need support to understand the…
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Good to Great: Do Award Winning Schools Meet Successful School Criteria?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Searcey, Chad J.; Snodgrass, Jason T.; Copple, William Bryan, II
2010-01-01
Since the inception of the No Child Left Behind Act, school accountability has increased dramatically. The federal government has taken a much more active role in public education than it did prior to NCLB becoming law. Schools across the United States are working diligently to meet increased accountability standards. As schools and districts meet…
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An Examination of School Attitude and Self-Esteem among African-American Elementary School Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Foster, Esau, II
2009-01-01
The focus of this research investigation was to examine school attitudes and self-esteem among 48 African-American elementary school children. Based on achievement data on standardized testing, administered by a school district located within the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, African-American children were stratified in order to…
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The Growth of Amish Schools in the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dewalt, Mark W.
2001-01-01
A 15-year study found that Amish schools have increased, numbering 1,139 in 2000. Where public school funding is on a per-pupil basis, these schools may have a negative effect on rural school district financing. However, an Amish community may increase local farm-related trade and tourism, thereby increasing taxable property and public school…
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Enhancing K-12 School Emergency Management through Community Partnerships
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Jay Richard
2018-01-01
The ideal school is a safe school. In recent years, the ability of K-12 school districts to mitigate, prepare, protect, respond, and recover from emergencies has gained national attention as a wide variety of manmade and non-manmade disasters have impacted school systems in the United States. An increased emphasis has been placed on how schools…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Center for Education Statistics (ED), Washington, DC.
In the 1996-97 school year, 86,058 public schools provided instruction to 45.6 million students in the United States. A statistical overview offers a profile of these schools and students. The majority of public school students, 98.2 percent, were enrolled in regular schools; 0.05 percent were in special education schools; 0.04 percent in…
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Legal Handbook on School Athletics.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National School Boards Association, Alexandria, VA. Council of School Attorneys.
In a recent opinion the Supreme Court of the United States recognized that for many communities "school sports play a prominent role." Whatever purpose they serve, school sports also raise a number of legal issues that a school district must carefully handle in order to operate its athletics program with minimal risk of liability. This handbook is…
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Leadership Strategies for Maintaining Success in a Rural School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Freeman, Greta G.; Randolph, Ivan
2013-01-01
Success in a PK-12 educational environment begins at the top with school leadership. Due to economic problems, poverty and added responsibilities, leaders in rural communities throughout the United States face sensitive and distinctive challenges. Based on research and years of administrative experience as school and school system leaders, the…
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Implications of Income-Based School Assignment Policies for Racial School Segregation
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reardon, Sean F.; Yun, John T.; Kurlaender, Michal
2006-01-01
A number of public school districts in the United States have adopted income-based integration policies--policies that use measures of family income or socioeconomic status--in determining school assignment. Some scholars and policymakers contend that such policies will also reduce racial segregation. In this article this assumption is explored by…
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AEL Continuous School Improvement Questionnaire. User Manual and Technical Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meehan, Merrill L.; Cowley, Kimberly S.; Craig, James R.; Balow, Nancy; Childers, Robert D.
The Continuous School Improvement Questionnaire (CSIQ) developed by the AEL helps a school staff gauge its performance on six dimensions related to continuous school improvement. Each member of the staff responds to the CSIQ individually. Although results might be used at the district or regional level, the most widely intended unit for applying…
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Measure of School Capacity for Improvement (MSCI). User Manual and Technical Report
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hughes, Georgia K.; Copley, Lisa D.; Howley, Caitlin W.; Meehan, Merrill L.
2005-01-01
Building capacity within schools and districts for continuous improvement is a goal of educators at all levels across the United States of America. An important first step in capacity building is identifying schools' current strengths and weaknesses. Schools can then begin building upon existing strengths to implement improvement initiatives.…
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Pennsylvania School Improvement Program. Linkage Case Study. Intermediate Unit A.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barnette, J. Jackson
The Pennsylvania School Improvement Program (PSIP) was created to assist local schools and school districts in the development of curriculum improvement strategies. The process involves the use of "linkers," curriculum specialists who work with teams from the local level to ascertain needs, then connect the local teams with the research…
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Art Therapy Programs with At-Risk Students in Public Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Varallo, Patrick A.
2012-01-01
Educating and meeting the multiple needs of students at risk of low academic achievement has been a growing concern for public schools in the United States. Many at-risk students require alternative school-based interventions. This study examined the operation, premise, and objectives of art therapy integrated in 14 school districts across the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Grove, Nathaniel P.; Collins, David J.; Lopez, Joseph J.; Bretz, Stacey Lowery; Zhou, Hong-Cai; Guerin, Nathan P.
2009-01-01
An innovative teaching and research partnership was developed in collaboration with public high school chemistry teachers from the Talawanda (Ohio) School District and faculty, staff, and students from Miami University. With the involvement of high school teachers, chemistry faculty, postdoctoral associates, and several graduate and undergraduate…
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Immigrant Acculturation in Suburban Schools Serving the New Latino Diaspora
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lowenhaupt, Rebecca
2016-01-01
Recent immigration patterns have led to widespread growth in school enrollments of Spanish-speakers in nontraditional immigrant destinations in many parts of the United States. This paper explores the ways in which suburban school districts respond to this demographic shift, with a focus on how schooling impacts the acculturation experiences of…
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Virtual Schools in the U.S. 2013: Politics, Performance, Policy, and Research Evidence
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miron, Gary; Horvitz, Brian; Gulosino, Charisse; Huerta, Luis; Rice, Jennifer King; Shafer, Sheryl Rankin; Cuban, Larry
2013-01-01
This national study, which comprehensively reviews 311 virtual schools operating in the United States, finds serious and systemic problems with the nation's full-time cyber schools. Despite virtual schools' track record of students falling behind their peers academically or dropping-out at higher rates, states and districts continue to expand…
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Prevailing Wage Regulations and School Construction Costs: Evidence from British Columbia.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bilginsoy, Cihan; Philips, Peter
2000-01-01
Examines effects of prevailing wage laws on school construction costs, using final cost data from six British Columbia school districts. When controlling for factors such as construction business cycle, number of competitors, and school type, there was no significant unit cost change following the Skill Development and Fair Wage Policy Act.…
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A Community Health Approach to Asthma in the Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Weiss-Randall, Debra
2014-01-01
Asthma is a leading cause of school absenteeism in the United States, especially in poor and minority communities, where prevalence and hospitalization rates are significantly higher than average. A community health approach can help poorer school districts hire full-time nurses and access other health resources.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrison Ross, Lisa
2012-01-01
The number of online learners in the United States at the K-12 level almost doubled in the two-year period from 2006 to 2008. However, research in this area is emergent at best. With the passage of legislation in 2010 requiring all school districts in Virginia to have a plan to provide online learning options for K-12 students, the need for…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wang, Jia; Schweig, Jonathan D.; Herman, Joan L.
2014-01-01
Magnet schools are one of the largest sectors of choice schools in the United States. In this study, we explored whether there is heterogeneity in magnet school effects on student achievement by examining the effectiveness of 24 recently funded magnet schools in 5 school districts across 4 states. We used a two-step analysis: First, separate…
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Student Aims Performance in a Predominately Hispanic District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chebultz, Lance
2012-01-01
School districts in the United States have undergone large changes over the last decade to accommodate No Child Left Behind (NCLB). Arizona accommodated NCLB through Arizona's Instrument to Measure Standards (AIMS). Expectations were established for all students, varying by group of students based on grade, special education status, free/reduced…
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Increasing Male Academic Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jackson, Barbara Talbert
2008-01-01
The No Child Left Behind legislation has brought greater attention to the academic performance of American youth. Its emphasis on student achievement requires a closer analysis of assessment data by school districts. To address the findings, educators must seek strategies to remedy failing results. In a mid-Atlantic district of the Unites States,…
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State Learning Disability Eligibility Criteria: A Comprehensive Review
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Maki, Kathrin E.; Floyd, Randy G.; Roberson, Triche
2015-01-01
For many decades, discussions regarding the definition and identification of learning disabilities have been contentious; one result is the varied practices across states and school districts. This study reviewed learning disability (LD) regulations and guidelines from the 50 United States and the District of Columbia that were employed during…
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Texas Legislature Adopts School Funding Plan.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cortez, Albert
1991-01-01
This paper analyzes Texas Senate Bill 351 that reforms public school funding. The bill provides for additional state funding and significant increases in local property taxes. The bill creates county education taxing units to neutralize the enormous property wealth differences found among the state's 1,056 school districts. It also provides a…
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Toward a Better Understanding of Within-School Minority Student Resegregation: A Research Agenda.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Meier, Ken J.; And Others
Despite years of litigation the desegregation of United States public schools remains unfinished. Even after court-ordered desegregation, a school district may remain segregated through various practices such as ability grouping and selective discipline of minority children. These second generation discrimination or resegregation practices have an…
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The Career Development Needs of Rural Elementary School Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wood, Chris; Kaszubowski, Yvonne
2008-01-01
This exploratory study investigated the career development needs of 150 fourth-grade students from 2 rural school districts in the Midwestern United States. The Childhood Career Development Scale (CCDS) was administered in 6 classrooms at 2 elementary schools to assess Donald Super's 9 dimensions (information, curiosity, exploration, interests,…
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The Politics of Sexual Orientation Issues in American Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rienzo, Barbara A.; Button, James W.; Sheu, Jiunn-jye; Li, Ying
2006-01-01
Schools are increasingly expected to address the needs of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender students. However, the controversial nature of sexual orientation programs and policies makes this a politically sensitive undertaking. This empirical study analyzes the extent to which public school districts across the United States have implemented…
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Budgeting Based on Student Needs
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Willis, Jason; Hill, Matt
2011-01-01
School finance reform has become a key component for transforming public schools in the United States. Over the last decade, a growing number of districts have turned to an approach known by different names--student-based budgeting, weighted student funding and fair student funding, among others--in which budgets are allocated to schools in…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cottrell, Joseph M.; Barrett, Courtenay A.
2016-01-01
Accurate and consistent identification of students with specific learning disabilities (SLDs) is crucial; however, state and district guidelines regarding identification methods lack operationalization and are inconsistent throughout the United States. In the current study, the authors surveyed 471 school psychologists about "school" SLD…
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Meals Served in Public Schools.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vivigal, Lisa
The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) contacted public school districts around the United States to determine if they offered low-fat, healthful meals. The PCRM ranked the schools according to whether they served low-fat and vegetarian meals daily, whether these meals varied through the week, and whether children needed to…
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Protecting Student Press Freedom by State Law: The Experience in California.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Overbeck, Wayne
Following "Tinker vs. Des Moines Community School District," the United States Supreme Court decision that assured First Amendment rights to secondary school students and teachers, California began experimenting with statutory guarantees of free expression for students at the high school and community college levels. Decisions issued by…
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School Boards and the U.S. Constitution.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hollister, Charles A.
As public agencies created by State legislative mandate, school districts and the officers thereof are obligated to abide by several provisions of the United States Constitution. School boards can reduce many of the sources of current student unrest by complying with these provisions. Courts have held that under the Fourteenth Amendment school…
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Hazelwood Decision: The Complete Text of the Jan. 13 U.S. Supreme Court 5-3 Decision.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Quill and Scroll, 1988
1988-01-01
Reprints the complete text of the January 13, 1988 United States Supreme Court decision on Hazelwood School District versus Kuhlmeier, which concerns educators' editorial control over the content of a high school newspaper produced as part of a school's journalism curriculum. (MS)
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Quality in Education in the Calcasieu Parish School System: Experiences of Administrators
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Quebodeaux, Pamela Stacey
2010-01-01
The Malcolm Baldrige Education Criteria for Performance Excellence outline effective practices and core values that have assisted businesses, health agencies, government institutions, and several school systems in the United States to improve performance within their organizations. Recent studies of school districts from across the nation have…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Batiste, Monica Lynn
2014-01-01
Of all the work that occurs within the P-12 education institutions, the interaction involving the teacher and pupil is the most significant contributing factor of student success (United States Department of Education, 2013). Yet, the problem of teacher absenteeism persists in schools throughout the United States. The accumulated results of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Saatcioglu, Argun; Moore, Suzanne; Sargut, Gokce; Bajaj, Aarti
2011-01-01
Social capital refers to the nature of ties within a social unit, as well as the unit's external relationships. We draw from organizational sociology and political science, and also build upon existing insights in school board research, to offer an approach that address the effects of "bonding" (internal ties) and "bridging"…
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Tales from the Front Line: Teachers' Responses to Somali Bantu Refugee Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roxas, Kevin
2011-01-01
This qualitative study identifies the ways in which teachers in an urban school district responded to the specialized educational needs of Somali Bantu refugee students who have recently been relocated to the United States and who have had limited and interrupted access to education prior to their enrollment in public schools in the United States.…
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Disaster mitigation at drainage basin of Kuranji Padang City
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Utama, L.; Yamin, M.
2017-06-01
Floods is flooding of effect of exit water groove river because big river debit sudden its accomodation energy, happened swiftly knock over areas which is debasement, in river basin and hollow. Flow debris or which is recognized with galodo have knock over river of Kuranji year 2012 in Padang city. Area is floods disaster are: 19 Sub-District in 7 district, and hard that is district of Pauh and district of Nanggalo. Governmental claim tired loss of Rp 263,9 Billion while Government of Provinsi West Sumatera appraise loss estimated by Fourty Billion Rupiah (Padang Ekspress 28 July 2012), with detail of damage house counted 878 unit, damage religious service house 15 unit, damage irrigation 12 unit, damage bridge 6 unit, damage school 2 unit, damage health post 1 unit. Result of calculation, by using rainfall of year 2003 until year 2015 with method Gumbel, Hasper and Wedwen, got high rainfall plan is 310,00 mm, and method Melchior and Hasper floods is 1125,86 m³ / second. From result of study analyse at Citra map of correlation and image to parameters cause of floods, and use software Watershed Modelling System (WMS) this region have two class that is middle susceptance and low susceptance. Middle susceptance area is there are in middle river and downstream river, with inclination level off. Low susceptance area there is middle river. Area which have potency result the happening of floods is headwaters, because having keen ramp storey level ( 45 - 55%) and is hilly. For the mitigasi of floods disaster determined by three area evacuate that are: Sub-District Of Kelurahan Limau Manis District Of Pauh, Sub-District Of Surau Gadang District Of Nanggalo, and Sub-District Of Lambung Bukik District of Pauh, in the form of map.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Toole, Terrence P.; Anderson, Susan; Miller, Clare; Guthrie, Joanne
2007-01-01
Background: Schools are in a unique position to promote healthy dietary behaviors and help ensure appropriate nutrient intake. This article describes the characteristics of both school nutrition services and the foods and beverages sold outside of the school meals program in the United States, including state- and district-level policies and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smith, Shirley G.; Firmin, Michael W.
2009-01-01
This is a phenomenological study of 25 school nurses employed in a large, urban school district in the midwestern section of the United States. In addition to school nursing, the participants also had professional work experience in other nursing specialties. Thematic analysis of the data focused on the challenges faced by the school nurses, their…
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Dionisio, Rui Meira
The randomized research study assessed the effect of an inquiry-based science (IBS) program on non-cognitive outcomes and academic achievement. The study was the result of a grant that was awarded by Professional Resources in Science and Mathematics (PRISM), a program affiliated with Montclair State University in conjunction with Bristol-Myers Squibb, and part of the New Jersey Statewide Systemic Initiative (NJSSI). The NJSSI is a partnership of schools, districts, colleges and universities, science centers, businesses, and museums dedicated to improving the teaching and learning of science, mathematics, and technology in New Jersey. The quantitative research study utilized an IBS instructional program titled Science and Technology Concepts for Middle Schools (STC/MS) and was implemented in two middle schools within the same suburban school district. This study examined the effect of IBS classrooms on learning outcomes specifically related to gender and special education. Evaluation of student learning outcomes was conducted through the administration of three instruments: the Academic Self-Concept (ASC) scale, unit assessments, and NJASK 8 Science. The ASC scale and unit assessments were administered as a pretest and posttest in IBS classrooms. NJASK 8 Science scale scores were obtained through reporting of student performance data from the New Jersey Department of Education to the district. The quantitative analysis in this study provided evidence that IBS classrooms had a positive effect on academic achievement. Overall, students in IBS classrooms performed better than students in traditional classrooms on unit assessments. Additionally, male students and special education students in IBS classrooms outperformed students in traditional classrooms on unit assessments.
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Do Charter Schools Crowd out Private School Enrollment? Evidence from Michigan. Staff Report No. 472
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chakrabarti, Rajashri; Roy, Joydeep
2011-01-01
Charter schools have been one of the most important dimensions of recent school reform measures in the United States. Currently, there are more than 5,000 charter schools spread across forty U.S. states and the District of Columbia. Though there have been numerous studies on the effects of charter schools, these have mostly been confined to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gower, Matthew Lee
2017-01-01
As four-day school weeks continue to gain popularity among school districts across the United States, determining the potential impact associated with the unconventional school week has become increasingly important (Johnson, 2013). The four-day school week has been credited with producing a number of potential benefits and consequences, but there…
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Closing the Gap: Principal Perspectives on an Innovative School-Based Mental Health Intervention
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Blackman, Kate F.; Powers, Joelle D.; Edwards, Jeffrey D.; Wegmann, Kate M.; Lechner, Ethan; Swick, Danielle C.
2016-01-01
Mental health needs among children in the United States have significant consequences for children and their families, as well as the schools that serve them. This qualitative study evaluated the second year of an innovative school-based mental health project that created a multi-system partnership between an urban school district, a public mental…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Carolan, Brian V.
2012-01-01
In an effort to enhance both adolescents' social capital and increase achievement, public school districts across the United States have created small high schools. Using data derived from a longitudinal and nationally representative study of U.S. high school students, the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002, results show that when adolescents'…
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A Study of High School Improvement Initiatives and the Impact on School Achievement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Randolph, Jack Lowell
2017-01-01
Educational reform is at the forefront of legislatures and school districts across the United States (Hattie, 2011). To find and employ high school improvement initiatives that lead to improved educational experiences for students, educational leaders must examine in great detail what systems have been successful and then modify the initiatives to…
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Identifying Professional Development Needs of High School Teachers Tasked with Online Course Design
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lugar, Debbie J.
2017-01-01
To satisfy demand for online learning opportunities at the high school level, 3 school districts in the northeast United States established a consortium to share resources to develop and deliver online courses. High school teachers who volunteered to develop courses for the consortium attempted the task without previous training in online course…
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Faculty and Staff Health Promotion: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Eaton, Danice K.; Marx, Eva; Bowie, Sara E.
2007-01-01
Background: US schools employ an estimated 6.7 million workers and are thus an ideal setting for employee wellness programs. This article describes the characteristics of school employee wellness programs in the United States, including state-, district-, and school-level policies and programs. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and…
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Mental Health and Social Services: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Brener, Nancy D.; Weist, Mark; Adelman, Howard; Taylor, Linda; Vernon-Smiley, Mary
2007-01-01
Background: Schools are in a unique position not only to identify mental health problems among children and adolescents but also to provide links to appropriate services. This article describes the characteristics of school mental health and social services in the United States, including state- and district-level policies and school practices.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kubota, Ryuko; Catlett, Shawna
2008-01-01
Teaching Spanish has become increasingly popular in the United States due to demographic shifts. This study focuses on a Spanish-only initiative for an existing Foreign Language in the Elementary School (FLES) program proposed by a southeastern public school district's school board. It analyzes discourses underlying the policymakers' rationales…
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Khalaf, Ali Khalfan
2000-10-01
The purpose of this study is to explore variables related to chemistry achievement of 12th grade science students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The focus is to identify student, teacher, and school variables that predict chemistry achievement. The analysis sample included 204 males and 252 females in 66 classes in 60 schools from 10 districts or bureaus of education in the UAE. Thirty-two male and 33 female chemistry teachers and 60 school principals were included. The Khalaf Chemistry Achievement Test, GALT, the Student Questionnaire, Teacher Questionnaire, and School Information Questionnaire were administered. Descriptive statistics, correlations, analyses of variance, factor analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were done. The results indicate that demographic, home environment, prior knowledge, scholastic ability, attitudes and perceptions related to chemistry and science, and student perception of instructional practices variables correlated with student chemistry achievement. The amount of help teachers received from the supervisor, class size, and courses in geology were teacher variables that correlated with class chemistry achievement. Nine school variables involving school, division, and class sizes correlated with school chemistry achievement. Analyses of variance revealed significant interaction effects: district by school size and district by student gender. In two districts, students in small schools achieved better than those in large schools. Generally female students achieved equal to or better than males. Three factors from the factor analysis: School Size, Prior Student Achievement, and Student Perception of Teacher Effectiveness, correlated with school chemistry achievement. The results of the multiple linear regression indicated that the factors of Prior Student Achievement, Student Perception of Teacher Effectiveness, and Teacher Experience and Expertise accounted for 45% of the variance in school chemistry achievement. Results indicate that the strongest predictors of chemistry achievement are prior achievement in science, Arabic language, and mathematics; student perception of teacher effectiveness; and teacher experience and expertise. Females tend to achieve better in chemistry than males. No nationality differences were found and the relationship of school size to chemistry achievement was inconclusive. Recommendations related to chemistry and science are presented. These include curriculum, school practice, teacher professional development, and future research.
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Earth Science: Rocks. Grade 4. Anchorage School District Elementary Science Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anchorage School District, AK.
This unit contains six lessons on rocks for fourth graders. It describes materials, supplementary materials (including films, units, and books) schedule, unit introduction, and background information for teachers. Lessons include: (1) "Rocks Are Everywhere"; (2) "Chart Making"; (3) "Things Are Breaking Up"; (4)…
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75 FR 9223 - Agency Forms Undergoing Paperwork Reduction Act Review
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-03-01
... Brief Description During the spring 2009 H1N1 outbreak, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) and the... novel influenza A (H1N1)-related school or school district dismissals in the United States. Although the...
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Recruiting Effective Math Teachers: Evidence from New York City
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Boyd, Donald; Grossman, Pamela; Hammerness, Karen; Lankford, Hamilton; Loeb, Susanna; Ronfeldt, Matthew; Wyckoff, James
2012-01-01
For well over a decade school districts across the United States have struggled to recruit and retain effective mathematics teachers. In response to the need for qualified math teachers and the difficulty of directly recruiting individuals who have already completed the math content required for qualification, some districts, including Baltimore,…
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Assessing the Attitudes of Administrators to Include Students with Disabilities
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Abernathy, Frederick Douglas
2012-01-01
The purpose of this research was to assess the attitudes of administrators in a medium sized school district in the Southeastern region of the United States. The researcher used a quantitative descriptive comparative pre-test and post-test design with a convenience sampling of the district administrators. There were 21 administrators at the…
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Home Language Survey Data Quality Self-Assessment. REL 2017-198
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Henry, Susan F.; Mello, Dan; Avery, Maria-Paz; Parker, Caroline; Stafford, Erin
2017-01-01
Most state departments of education across the United States recommend or require that districts use a home language survey as the first step in a multistep process of identifying students who qualify for English learner student services. School districts typically administer the home language survey to parents and guardians during a student's…
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A Case Study: Transitioning from a Five-Day School Week to a Four-Day School Week
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Duchscherer, Brian
2011-01-01
For over a century, most PK-12 schools across the United States have been using the same format of five days of school a week for approximately 9 months a year. The discussion of a four-day school week is being considered as many school districts try to balance their budgets each school year. Some schools in the past 30 years have begun changing…
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A Critical Discourse Analysis of "No Promo Homo" Policies in US Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barrett, Brian; Bound, Arron M.
2015-01-01
This article presents a critical discourse analysis of "no promo homo" policies and their effects in US schools. "No promo homo"--short for "no promotion of homosexuality" (Eskridge, 2000, p. 1329)--polices have been adopted across nine states and several local school districts in the United States. They direct…
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Teachers' Perceptions of Factors That Influence Teacher Turnover
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCray, Harold, Jr.
2017-01-01
Teacher turnover is a critical issue for the public education community because it influences student performance, school climate, and employee morale. In a large urban school district in the northeastern United States, the turnover rate has been high; teacher morale is low, and teacher participation in the school community is lacking. The purpose…
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An Integrated Pest Management Tool for Evaluating Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bennett, Blake; Hurley, Janet; Merchant, Mike
2016-01-01
Having the ability to assess pest problems in schools is essential for a successful integrated pest management (IPM) program. However, such expertise can be costly and is not available to all school districts across the United States. The web-based IPM Calculator was developed to address this problem. By answering questions about the condition of…
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Comprehensive School Reform and Inclusive Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McLeskey, James; Waldron, Nancy L.
2006-01-01
In spite of the emphasis in public policy and the professional literature on developing inclusive programs for students with disabilities over the past 30 years, surprisingly little progress has been made in this regard in school districts across the United States. One approach to change that is currently being used with some success in general…
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The Counselor and Negotiations.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Education Association, Washington, DC. National Association of School Counselors.
This handbook serves as a guide to counselors in helping them reinforce and/or change the image of the school counselor. It suggests the necessity for the counselor's becoming an active member in the negotiating unit of his school district's Teacher's Association, and lists many activities which will make the school and community aware of the…
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Pay for Play: Fees for Cocurricular Activities.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pepe, Thomas J.; Tufts, Alice L.
1984-01-01
As school budgets face serious problems, one area under examination is the cocurricular activities section of the school budget. Many districts are charging user fees to students participating in school sports, band, drama, and even elective courses. Since no direct reference is made to education in the United States Constitution, education is a…
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AIDS Awareness of High School Students: An Exploratory Study.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCoy, Leah P.; Calvin, Richmond E.
The Surgeon General's information material on the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which was mailed to every household in the United States, was used to develop an AIDS Awareness Inventory. The inventory was designed for administration to 182 high school students enrolled in schools in three districts, which have adopted an AIDS…
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The Effects of Transitional Challenges on Ninth-Grade School Dropouts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Merlene Leona
2017-01-01
The high dropout rate of the United States Virgin Islands school district's ninth-grade students is a major educational problem and the catalyst for a myriad of social problems. Ninth grade academies and extended school day intervention programs have benefited only the academically prepared students. This qualitative case study examined educators'…
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Surveillance, Violence, and the Marginalization of Students of Color
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Schroeder, Stephanie
2016-01-01
With the number of school shootings on the rise across the United States, and the preponderance of mass shootings off of school grounds, some school districts and politicians are responding with proposals for beefed up security and surveillance measures. While these proposals may sound appealing in the immediate wake of disaster, policy-makers and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tekleselassie, Abebayehu Aemero; Villarreal, Pedro, III
2011-01-01
Despite concerns about turnover among administrators, conditions that influence career longevity intentions of school principals are less known. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a three-level Generalized Multilevel Model to estimate variations in school and district characteristics impacting principals' career departure and…
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Implications of Bullying to School Policy Reform
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Knight, Nina Marie
2014-01-01
Governmental attention to bullying in kindergarten through Grade 3 continues to be a challenge in a metropolitan school district in the eastern United States. This has presented a case for school policy reform. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine how bullying and office discipline related to suspension referrals,…
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Partnerships for College Readiness. College Readiness Indicator Systems
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee, Jaein; McAlister, Sara; Mishook, Jacob; Santner, Gabriel
2013-01-01
In recent years, the education spotlight in the United States has shifted from high school graduation to postsecondary success, along with the recognition that to thrive in today's economy requires more than just a high school diploma. Also, while prior research has focused on after-school and higher-education collaborations with districts, there…
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Electric Utility Deregulation and School Finance in the United States.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Walters, Lawrence C.; Cornia, Gary C.
2001-01-01
Examines, state-by-state, the decline in assessed property values of electric utilities due to deregulation and the resulting impact on school district revenues. Concludes school revenue shortfall problems are more likely to occur in 12 states. Suggests strategies state governments can employ to respond to lost valuation and revenue. (PKP)
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wolf, Patrick J.; McShane, Michael
2013-01-01
School voucher programs have become a prominent aspect of the education policy landscape in the United States. The DC Opportunity Scholarship Program is the only federally funded voucher program in the United States. Since 2004 it has offered publicly funded private school vouchers to nearly four thousand students to attend any of seventy-three…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ba, Harouna; Meade, Terri; Pierson, Elizabeth; Ferguson, Camille; Roy, Amanda; Williams, Hakim
2009-01-01
Forrest County Agricultural High School (FCAHS) is located in Brooklyn, a small rural town in southern Mississippi and part of the Hattiesburg Metropolitan Statistical Area. Unlike the other schools that participated in the Cisco 21S initiative, FCAHS is not part of a larger school district. Therefore, the unit of analysis throughout this summary…
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An Analysis of New Small High Schools' On-Time Graduation Rates in New York City
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dudley, Nathan
2017-01-01
Beginning in 2002, with the election of Mayor Michael Bloomberg, New York City's Department of Education undertook an unprecedented overhaul of the largest school district in the United States. Over the next 10 years the Department of Education closed more than 25 large, underperforming high schools, and created almost 200 new, small high schools,…
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School Camping? What's It All About? Taft Campus Occasional Papers, No. II.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Donaldson, George W.
School camping began in the United States in the 1940's and underwent expansion on a grand scale during the 1950's; in 1967, it reached more than one-half million students in over 1000 school districts. The philosophy of early school camps was almost totally activity-centered, with little emphasis on formal curricular subject matter, such as…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sotelo-Dynega, Marlene
2015-01-01
The present study explored the credentialing practices for bilingual school psychologists in the United States. Credentialing agencies of school psychologists, mostly State Departments of Education, across the 50 states and the District of Columbia were contacted via telephone by trained graduate student research assistants. Only two of the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Green, Curt R.
2013-01-01
Urban school districts throughout the United States are creating single gender classrooms or schools to improve student achievements for their lowest performing subgroups (Noguera, 2009). It is hoped that separating the sexes will improve domains such as discipline, attendance and academic performance, while decreasing the dropout rate. If single…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Holmes, Ellen; Maiers, Staci
2012-01-01
Following the Department of Education's announcement of the $3.5 billion in Title I funding, 831 of the nation's "persistently lowest-achieving schools" received federal funding during the 2010-11 school year to embark on significant change in the form of a School Improvement Grant (U.S. Department of Education, 2010). The Department of…
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Algebra for All: California's Eighth-Grade Algebra Initiative as Constrained Curricula.
Domina, Thurston; Penner, Andrew M; Penner, Emily K; Conley, Annemarie
2014-08-01
Across the United States, secondary school curricula are intensifying as a growing proportion of students enroll in high-level academic math courses. In many districts, this intensification process occurs as early as eighth grade, where schools are effectively constraining their mathematics curricula by restricting course offerings and placing more students into Algebra I. This paper provides a quantitative single-case research study of policy-driven curricular intensification in one California school district. (1a) What effect did 8th eighth grade curricular intensification have on mathematics course enrollment patterns in Towering Pines Unified schools? (2b) How did the distribution of prior achievement in Towering Pines math classrooms change as the district constrained the curriculum by universalizing 8th eighth grade Algebra? (3c) Did 8th eighth grade curricular intensification improve students' mathematics achievement? Towering Pines is an immigrant enclave in the inner-ring suburbs of a major metropolitan area. The district's 10 middle schools together enroll approximately 4,000 eighth graders each year. The districts' students are ethnically diverse and largely economically disadvantaged. The study draws upon administrative data describing 8th eighth graders in the district in the 2004-20-05 through 2007-20-08 school years. During the study period, Towering Pines dramatically intensified middle school students' math curricula: In the 2004-20-05 school year 32% of the district's 8th eighth graders enrolled in Algebra or a higher- level mathematics course; by the 2007-20-08 school year that proportion had increased to 84%. We use an interrupted time-series design, comparing students' 8th eighth grade math course enrollments, 10th grade math course enrollments, and 10th grade math test scores across the four cohorts, controlling for demographics and prior achievement. We find that students' odds of taking higher level mathematics courses increased as this district implemented the state's Algebra mandate. However, even as the district implemented a constrained curriculum strategy, mathematics achievement growth between 6th sixth and 10th grade slowed and the achievement advantages associated with 8th eighth grade Algebra declined. Our analyses suggest that curricular intensification increased the inclusiveness and decreased the selectivity of the mathematics tracking regime in Towering Pines middle schools. However, the findings suggest that this constrained curriculum strategy may have may have unintended negative consequences for student achievement.
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Aviation. Fifth Grade. Anchorage School District Elementary Science Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Defendorf, Jean, Ed.
This unit of study is designed to teach the science of flight to students in the intermediate grades. Included are a list of materials for the unit, a discussion of the use of process skills, a list of unit objectives, vocabulary, teacher background information, 12 lessons, 5 quizzes, math problems, and a unit test. Lessons are oriented toward…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kim, Ji Hea Jay
2012-01-01
Help Wanted: Innovative, strategic-thinking entrepreneurs to turn around groups of low-performing schools. Competitive benefits, including working in newly formed operating units with charter-like autonomy, access to district's back-office resources and buildings, $3.5 billion federal money, and opportunity to transform schools for hundreds of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Broz, William J.
2002-01-01
Presents a case study about how one Midwestern United States community dealt with a censorship challenge. Discusses how the author recognizes his professional responsibility. Discusses the school district's "materials selection and review policy." Contains a lengthy letter the author sent to school board members, and several epilogues. (SG)
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Trends in Disparities in School District Level Expenditures per Pupil.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hussar, William; Sonnenberg, William
2000-01-01
Examines trends in disparities between districts in education expenditures from 1979-1980 to 1993-1994. Uses seven measures of educational disparity to present a cross-section of the different methods available. A majority of disparity measures indicate a decline in disparity in most states, but an increase in disparity for the United States as a…
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The Relationship between Mathematics Scores and Family and Consumer Science Education
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Welle, Stacy L.
2013-01-01
With the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, public school districts in the United States are working to improve the achievement of students on state standardized tests for accountability. Teachers, administrators, and districts need to find ways to get all students to pass standardized tests. Mathematical concepts appear throughout…
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Fighting for Electives: Lessons in Change
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tempel, Melissa Bollow
2010-01-01
READ 180, a special class to help students read better, is just one of many boxed reading intervention programs popping up all over the United States and being used by districts to meet the requirements of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) at a huge cost to students. The Milwaukee Public School District calls it "a research-based reading…
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Amarillo Independent School District: Accumulating Democracy
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Breier, Betsy Broyles
2011-01-01
This case, set in the high plateau of the Texas Panhandle, covers the years 1998-2004. The focus is on voting rights. The Amarillo board members, like board members in most Texas districts, were elected at large. Faced with a voting rights lawsuit filed by the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund, the League of United Latin American…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dissemination and Assessment Center for Bilingual Education, Austin, TX.
Instructions for use of "Escaparate," the third of eight Spanish reading and language instruction units developed by Edgewood School District's Bilingual Program, San Antonio, Texas, are given in this teacher guide. Originally intended for grades four through six, the program may be used from fourth grade to secondary school in Spanish reading and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stephens, E. Robert; And Others
An extensive study, reported in three separately published sections, was made to determine primary aspects of the current consolidation and redistricting of local school districts. Basic procedures used to gather information included a survey of related literature, visitations to county and intermediate educational agencies in Iowa and other…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Liu, Min; Navarrete, Cesar C.; Wivagg, Jennifer
2014-01-01
This case study investigated a m-learning initiative by a large school district in the United States to provide iPod touch devices 24/7 to teachers and students of English Language Learners. We described the initiative and presented the research findings of its implementation for two years at elementary and middle school levels. The results…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Rourke, Polly; Zhou, Qian; Rottman, Isaac
2016-01-01
In view of the importance of increasing multilingualism in the United States, the current study examined state policy for high school graduation requirements in the 50 states and the District of Columbia as an index of the way in which the study of world language is positioned and prioritized in K--12 education. Only seven states require the study…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Larkin, Douglas B.
2016-01-01
This article examines the process of shifting to a "Physics First" sequence in science course offerings in three school districts in the United States. This curricular sequence reverses the more common U.S. high school sequence of biology/chemistry/physics, and has gained substantial support in the physics education community over the…
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Adjusting to the Growing Impact of Latinos on Indiana Public Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Strietelmeier, Curtiss A.
2010-01-01
Over the last 15 years, the Latino population has expanded at a rapid pace in the United States. This national trend has been mirrored in Indiana. As a result, school districts within the state have developed structures and supports for the growing number of Latino students arriving in their schools. This study highlights some programs developed…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New York State Education Dept., Albany. Div. of Educational Management Services.
Intended to be used as part of the existing school bus driver training program in New York State, the guide sets forth responsibilities and suggestions for transporting students with handicapping conditions. School district and BOCES (Board of Cooperative Educational Services) responsibilities for transportation are outlined. General guidelines…
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Teacher Perceptions and Experiences with the Comer Developmental Pathways: A Qualitative Case Study
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stewart, Melanie Sanders
2016-01-01
Academic performance of students in public schools is a growing concern for school districts in the United States. The No Child Left Behind Act (No Child Left Behind [NCLB] 2001) has attempted to increase academic success, improve behavior, and promote positive school culture. Although equity has been achieved in some areas, the achievement gap…
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Feasibility Study on the Use of Computer Managed Learning in Secondary Schools in the U.S.A.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Charp, Sylvia
A brief description of computer managed instruction (CMI), including its applications and capabilities, introduces case studies of schools in the United States that are using three different CMI systems. The first system discussed is the Comprehensive Achievement Monitoring (CAM) Program, which was developed by a small school district (Hopkins,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anello, Vittoria; Weist, Mark; Eber, Lucille; Barrett, Susan; Cashman, Joanne; Rosser, Mariola; Bazyk, Sue
2017-01-01
Positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) and school mental health (SMH) are prominent initiatives in the United States to improve student behavior and promote mental health and wellness, led by education and mental health systems, respectively. Unfortunately, PBIS and SMH often operate separately in districts and schools, resulting in…
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Teacher Use of Data to Guide Instructional Practice in Elementary Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Burrows, Debra C.
2011-01-01
This descriptive study focused on the degree to which data-driven decision making as envisioned by the NCLB legislation was actually occurring in the elementary schools studied. A multi-stage random sample of six Pennsylvania school districts out of 19 located within the service area of Pennsylvania Intermediate Unit #17, one of 29 regional…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rushing, Keith; Johnson, J. T.
2015-01-01
Purpose/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the frequency of usage of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Recipes for Schools and investigate factors influencing their usage. The relationship between these variables and school district size (student enrollment) was also investigated. Methods: An expert panel…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Evans, Teresa Craig
2010-01-01
In recent years, the responsibility for the desegregation of American public schools has transitioned from federal court mandates to school board programs and policies. There is widespread belief that this has resulted in the resegregation of schools across the country. One popular policy that is purported to provide the opportunity for voluntary…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DelViscio, James J.
2013-01-01
At the beginning of the 20th century, there were essentially two types of organizational structures for primary and secondary education in the United States. There were either one-room K-12 schools or in larger systems K-8 buildings feeding into four-year high schools. Despite numerous experiments since then in reconfiguring schools resulting in a…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Supreme Court of the U. S., Washington, DC.
This publication presents the full text of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Hortonville Joint School District No. 1 et al. v. Hortonville Education Association et al., as written by Chief Justice Burger. Also included is the text of the dissenting opinion written by Justice Stewart, as well as a brief syllabus that summarizes the major issues…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lynch, Sharon Jo; Pyke, Curtis; Grafton, Bonnie Hansen
2012-01-01
This article provides an extended, comprehensive example of how teachers, schools, districts, and external factors (e.g., parental pressure and policy mandates) shape curriculum research in the U.S. It retrospectively examines how three different middle school curriculum units were implemented and scaled-up in a large, diverse school system. The…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Goolsby, Annie J.
2013-01-01
This study utilized a contemporary approach to qualitative research, the descriptive survey design, to discover whether a diverse workforce was a major influence in producing a rural Blue Ribbon School. The population represented the school systems of a county located in the West South Central region of the United States. In this study, the terms…
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School Choice: Factors That Influenced Parents to Select an Urban City Charter School Setting
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bayhan, Nihat
2014-01-01
This study was designed to explore the factors that influenced parents to select a charter school. The study was conducted at an urban city charter school system which has eight K-5 campuses operating in two districts within a city in the southern United States. Using online survey methods, data were collected from 2,875 parents who had more than…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lynn, Marvin; Bacon, Jennifer Nicole; Totten, Tommy L.; Bridges, Thurman L., III; Jennings, Michael E.
2010-01-01
Background/Context: The study examines teachers' and administrators' perspectives on the persistent academic failure of African American male high school students. The study took place between 2003 and 2005 in a low-performing high school in Summerfield County, a Black suburban county in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States with a poverty…
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Looking at Racial Segregation: An Exploratory Case Study of a Predominately Somali Charter School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Courtney, Robert H.
2015-01-01
In 2005, a group of concerned parents who had arrived in the United States as refugees from war-torn Somalia received approval from their local school district to establish the Iftin Charter School (ICS). The K-8 school continues to engender hope and intellectual strength in its students and parents. ICS finds itself uniquely equipped to meet the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Williams, Fabby Terry
2017-01-01
One of the major challenges currently facing public school systems and administrators around the country is the shortage of certified teachers in classrooms. In addition, when school systems are able to find and hire properly certified teachers, school administrators face an even greater challenge in terms of keeping or retaining them. In the…
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"Dinosaurs." Kindergarten. Anchorage School District Elementary Science Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Herminghaus, Trisha, Ed.
This unit contains 15 lessons on dinosaurs for kindergarten children. It provides a materials list, supplementary materials list, use of process skill terminology, unit objectives, vocabulary, six major dinosaurs, and background information. Lessons are: (1) "Webbing"; (2) "Introduction to the Big Six"; (3) "Paleontology…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Vail, Kathleen
2003-01-01
Describes how various school districts in the United States are complying with the 1987 McKinney-Vento Homelessness Assistance Act (reauthorized in 2001). Summarizes changes in McKinney-Vento regulations. (PKP)
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Healthy Schools Initiative: Implementation Study in Four San Mateo County School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Westrich, Lisa; Sanchez, Monika; Strobel, Karen; Duong, Nina
2012-01-01
The Sequoia Healthcare District (SHD), in collaboration with four local school districts--Belmont-Redwood Shores School District (BRSSD), Redwood City School District (RCSD), San Carlos School District (SCSD), and Sequoia Union High School District (SUHSD)--launched the Healthy Schools Initiative (HSI) in August 2010. This three-year initiative is…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
LiCalsi, Christina; Citkowicz, Martyna; Friedman, Lawrence B.; Brown, Megan
2015-01-01
The Massachusetts Office of District and School Turnaround (ODST) assists the Commissioner's Districts (the 10 largest districts in the state) and schools within those districts. The assistance focuses on turning around the lowest performing schools in the district while building district capacity to support improvement in other district schools.…
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Faculty and staff health promotion: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006.
Eaton, Danice K; Marx, Eva; Bowie, Sara E
2007-10-01
US schools employ an estimated 6.7 million workers and are thus an ideal setting for employee wellness programs. This article describes the characteristics of school employee wellness programs in the United States, including state-, district-, and school-level policies and programs. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducts the School Health Policies and Programs Study every 6 years. In 2006, computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires were completed by state education agency personnel in 49 states plus the District of Columbia and among a nationally representative sample of school districts (n=445). Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted with personnel in a nationally representative sample of elementary, middle, and high schools (n=873). During the 2 years preceding the study, 67.3% of states provided assistance to districts or schools on how to develop or implement faculty and staff health promotion activities or services. Although nearly all schools offered at least 1 health promotion service or activity, few schools offered coordinated activities and services within a comprehensive employee wellness program. During the 12 months preceding the study, none of the health screenings were offered by more than one third of schools; only a few of the health promotion activities and services were offered by more than one third of schools; about one third of schools offered physical activity programs, employee assistance programs, and subsidies or discounts for off-site health promotion activities; and only 1 in 10 schools provided health-risk appraisals for faculty and staff. More schools should implement comprehensive employee wellness programs to improve faculty and staff health behaviors and health status.
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Algebra for All: California's Eighth-Grade Algebra Initiative as Constrained Curricula
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Domina, Thurston; Penner, Andrew M.; Penner, Emily K.; Conley, AnneMarie
2014-01-01
Background/Context: Across the United States, secondary school curricula are intensifying as a growing proportion of students enroll in high-level academic math courses. In many districts, this intensification process occurs as early as eighth grade, where schools are effectively constraining their mathematics curricula by restricting course…
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School District Inputs and Biased Estimation of Educational Production Functions.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Watts, Michael
1985-01-01
In 1979, Eric Hanushek pointed out a potential problem in estimating educational production functions, particularly at the precollege level. He observed that it is frequently inappropriate to include school-system variables in equations using the individual student as the unit of observation. This study offers limited evidence supporting this…
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How Economic Segregation Affects Childrens' Educational Attainment. JCPR Working Paper.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Mayer, Susan
Economic segregation increased in the United States between 1970 and 1990. Three hypotheses suggest that this would affect low-income children's educational attainment. The political economy of school funding predicts that economically segregated school districts reduce the educational attainment of low-income children. Two other hypotheses…
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Reinventing School Finance: Falling Forward
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Picus, Lawrence O.; Odden, Allan R.
2011-01-01
States and school districts are facing unprecedented financial pressure due to the continued poor performance of the United States's economy. Dramatic shortfalls in funding due to reduced tax collections were held off for 2 years thanks to federal stimulus funds, but with these revenues already consumed and little likelihood of more in the near…
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Specialized Vocational Training Program Development. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Henry, Joan
The final report of the Bristol Township School District (Pennsylvania) training program for the educable mentally retarded presents instructional units for the areas of preschool education, child care, shipping and receiving, maintenance and food services. It is explained that the project uses school service personnel to supervise students in…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Agron, Joe
1997-01-01
Provides summarized data from the 23rd Annual Official Education Construction Report on school construction costs across the United States. It shows where the money is being spent, how much, and where construction is taking place; assesses future projections; and highlights types of retrofits put in place by school districts and colleges. (GR)
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Culturally Responsive Teaching and Decision Making in Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wairia, Charles
2017-01-01
The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to explore how teachers and administrators are culturally responsive in their teaching and decision-making in a school district in eastern United States. This study was guided by two concepts; culturally responsive teaching and culturally responsive pedagogy. The researcher conducted…
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An Argument Everyone Wins: Shared Learning Unites Teachers across Schools and Grade Levels
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Goldberg, Lauren; Siegel, Brad; Goldberg, Gravity
2015-01-01
The three authors of this article--a K-12 regional director of curriculum, instruction, and assessment responsible for orchestrating professional learning, a high school English teacher who participated in the professional learning, and an independent literacy consultant who supports four districts' professional learning--share their experiences…
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Educational Equity: Challenges for Educator Effectiveness
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Best, Jane; Winslow, Emily
2015-01-01
With increasingly diverse student populations, educational equity is a bigger challenge than ever for public schools across the United States. While federal government, states, and school districts work to identify and address the root causes of equity gaps, efforts are often hampered by a limited body of research-based strategies and approaches…
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An Analytic Conception of Equation and Teachers' Views of School Algebra
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chazan, Daniel; Yerushalmy, Michal; Leikin, Roza
2008-01-01
This interview study takes place in the context of a single small district in the United States. In the algebra curriculum of this district, there was a shift in the conception of equation, from a statement about unknown numbers to a question about the comparison of two functions over the domain of the real numbers. Using two of Shulman's…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Passman, Roger
High stakes testing is a given in many public school districts in the United States. This paper reports the chilling effect high stakes testing had on the pedagogy of one teacher. The study took place in a large Midwestern urban district where a university consultant observed a fifth-grade classroom. This researcher was able to observe and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sandholtz, Judith Haymore; Ringstaff, Cathy
2013-01-01
This study examined the extent to which significant changes after one year of a longitudinal, state-funded teacher professional development program were sustained during the second year. Participants taught in elementary schools located in small, rural school districts in the state of California in the United States. The research examined changes…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Carolan, Brian V.; Matthews, Jamaal S.
2015-01-01
Background/Context: Over the last two decades, school districts in the United States have increasingly allowed students and their families to choose the schools they attend and, at the high school level, the courses they take. While the movement to provide more curricular choice for students and families has accelerated, so, too, has the policy…
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Fix It and They Might Stay: School Facility Quality and Teacher Retention in Washington, D.C.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Buckley, Jack; Schneider, Mark; Shang, Yi
2005-01-01
The attrition of both new and experienced teachers is a challenge for schools and school administrators throughout the United States, particularly in large urban districts. Because of the importance of this issue, there is a large empirical literature that investigates why teachers quit and how they might be induced to stay. Here we build upon…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wiggins, Lori A.
2013-01-01
This study examined the leadership styles of the chief state school officers of the United States and the District of Columbia. The entire population of 51 chief state school officers was surveyed and a response rate of 60% was obtained. The study examined the relationship between the leadership style, select demographic variables, and the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Amos, Christopher Nicholas
2012-01-01
The primary purpose for the Graduation Coach intervention is to increase the graduation rate and help schools produce a student that can be a productive citizen. The increasing dropout rate in the United States of America, coupled with the recent addition of some legislation, has forced schools and districts to implement programs to combat this…
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A Study of Variables That Influence Teacher Turnover in the Little Municipal School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stokes, Paula Hollingsworth
2013-01-01
A teacher shortage is a recognized problem in research on public schools. Schools across the United States must hire and retain highly qualified teachers, but the literature indicates teachers with fewer than 3 years of experience are often leaving teaching, creating a possible teacher shortage of 4.2 million teachers by the year of 2016.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
James, Marlon C.; Rupley, William H.; Hall, Kristin Kistner; Nichols, Janet Alys; Rasinski, Timothy V.; Harmon, Willie C.
2016-01-01
This article examines the efficacy of the implementation of a program titled Consensus Initiative [pseudonym] in an urban school district that served 20,000 linguistically, economically, and racially diverse students situated in the northeast region of the United States. Using a research derived ecological framework from the school reform…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cothran, Donetta J.; McCaughtry, Nate; Kulinna, Pamela Hodges; Martin, Jeffrey
2006-01-01
Schools are frequently seen as the solution to social problems, and recent public health issues such as the near epidemic rates of obesity and diabetes are some of the newest pressures facing schools. This investigation is an exploration of physical education teachers' reactions to one school district's attempts to mandate a public health driven…
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A District View: Dropouts and the Differentiated Diploma
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Holden, E. Todd
2012-01-01
More students are deciding to dropout of school prior to graduation. As a result the dropout rate has become a hot topic in education across the United States. The average high school dropout salary is approximately 50% less than the salary of a high school graduate. The social factors are another reason the dropout rate needs to be a high…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Lee, Moosung; Lam, Beatrice Oi-Yeung; Madyun, Na'im
2017-01-01
Based on analyses of 1,622 Hmong adolescents in a large urban school district, we illuminate a positive association between school different-race exposure and Hmong limited English proficient students' reading achievement. However, we also note a negative association of neighborhood different-race exposure with Hmong students from low…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Supreme Court of the U. S., Washington, DC.
The Emergency School Aid Act (ESAA) states that the Act's purpose is to provide Federal assistance to eliminate minority group segregation among students and faculty in elementary and secondary schools. One section of the Act declares an educational agency ineligible for assistance if it has in effect any practice which results in disproportionate…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Office for Civil Rights, US Department of Education, 2016
2016-01-01
This document provides results of a survey of all public schools and school districts in the United States. The CRDC measures student access to courses, programs, instructional and other staff, and resources--as well as school climate factors, such as student discipline and bullying and harassment--that impact education equity and opportunity for…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Conti, Dennis R.
This study compares the present method of financing Illinois public schools for the school year 1973-74 with six alternative financing models developed by the National Educational Finance Project (NEFP). The NEFP models were as follows: complete local support, flat grant with local leeway limit of 12 mills of equalized assessed valuation,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Horak, Anne Karen
2013-01-01
The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) units developed by a large suburban school district in the mid-Atlantic for the middle school gifted science curriculum on: a) students' performance on standardized tests in middle school Science, as measured by a sample of relevant test questions from a…
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Preschool Units EMIS Staff Report. EMIS Staff ECE Units 2005. Report Documentation. Version 1.0
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ohio Department of Education, 2004
2004-01-01
The purpose of Preschool Units EMIS Staff Report is twofold. First, it helps School Districts and Educational Service Centers (ESC) ensure accuracy and validity of preschool staff, student and program data submitted to the Ohio Department of Education (ODE) through the Education Management Information System (EMIS). From this report, school…
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Simple and Complex Plants. Fourth Grade. Anchorage School District Elementary Science Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anchorage School District, AK.
This unit contains 15 lessons on Alaskan plants for fourth graders. It describes materials, supplementary materials, use of process skill terminology, unit objectives, vocabulary, background information about five kingdoms of living things, and a webbing activity. Included are: (1) "Roots in Action"; (2) "Chlorophyll"; (3)…
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Student Cooperative Training Units. Business Partnerships Final Performance Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wheeles, Rebecca
The North Clackamas School District (Oregon) conducted the Student Cooperative Training Units (CTU) program. The CTU program addressed two key issues that disrupted the development and maintenance of local high technology businesses: (1) The aerospace parts casting, health care, and graphic reproduction industries have experienced a shortage of…
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Perspectives on the World: International Education Instructional Units.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kallner, Pam; And Others
This publication is a compilation of lessons and unit plans developed by teachers of the Bexley, Ohio City School District through an international education program. Sample lesson plans include: "Giant Pandas from China" (Grade 1); "Haiku Writing" (Grade 4); and "Treasures--Ancient Civilizations of Ohio" (Grade 7).…
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14 CFR 1250.102 - Definitions.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-01-01
..., or a public system of higher education; or (ii) A local educational agency (as defined in 20 U.S.C. 7801), system of vocational education, or other school system; (3)(i) An entire corporation... this part. (k) United States means the States of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto...
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Teaching and Learning by Design
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Doll, Carol A.
2009-01-01
As teacher and instructional partner, one will need skills in instructional design. The three main types of instructional design are curriculum planning, unit planning, and lesson planning. Curriculum planning, the big picture, looks at the entire set of skills and knowledge for the district, the school, or a specific grade level. Unit planning…
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Kubik, Martha Y; Wall, Melanie; Shen, Lijuan; Nanney, Marilyn S; Nelson, Toben F; Laska, Melissa N; Story, Mary
2010-07-01
Policy that targets the school food environment has been advanced as one way to increase the availability of healthy food at schools and healthy food choice by students. Although both state- and district-level policy initiatives have focused on school nutrition standards, it remains to be seen whether these policies translate into healthy food practices at the school level, where student behavior will be impacted. To examine whether state- and district-level nutrition policies addressing junk food in school vending machines and school stores were associated with less junk food in school vending machines and school stores. Junk food was defined as foods and beverages with low nutrient density that provide calories primarily through fats and added sugars. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess self-report data collected by computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires from state-, district-, and school-level respondents participating in the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. The School Health Policies and Programs Study, administered every 6 years since 1994 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is considered the largest, most comprehensive assessment of school health policies and programs in the United States. A nationally representative sample (n=563) of public elementary, middle, and high schools was studied. Logistic regression adjusted for school characteristics, sampling weights, and clustering was used to analyze data. Policies were assessed for strength (required, recommended, neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food) and whether strength was similar for school vending machines and school stores. School vending machines and school stores were more prevalent in high schools (93%) than middle (84%) and elementary (30%) schools. For state policies, elementary schools that required prohibiting junk food in school vending machines and school stores offered less junk food than elementary schools that neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food (13% vs 37%; P=0.006). Middle schools that required prohibiting junk food in vending machines and school stores offered less junk food than middle schools that recommended prohibiting junk food (71% vs 87%; P=0.07). Similar associations were not evident for district-level polices or high schools. Policy may be an effective tool to decrease junk food in schools, particularly in elementary and middle schools. Copyright 2010 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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KUBIK, MARTHA Y.; WALL, MELANIE; SHEN, LIJUAN; NANNEY, MARILYN S.; NELSON, TOBEN F.; LASKA, MELISSA N.; STORY, MARY
2012-01-01
Background Policy that targets the school food environment has been advanced as one way to increase the availability of healthy food at schools and healthy food choice by students. Although both state- and district-level policy initiatives have focused on school nutrition standards, it remains to be seen whether these policies translate into healthy food practices at the school level, where student behavior will be impacted. Objective To examine whether state- and district-level nutrition policies addressing junk food in school vending machines and school stores were associated with less junk food in school vending machines and school stores. Junk food was defined as foods and beverages with low nutrient density that provide calories primarily through fats and added sugars. Design A cross-sectional study design was used to assess self-report data collected by computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires from state-, district-, and school-level respondents participating in the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. The School Health Policies and Programs Study, administered every 6 years since 1994 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is considered the largest, most comprehensive assessment of school health policies and programs in the United States. Subjects/setting A nationally representative sample (n = 563) of public elementary, middle, and high schools was studied. Statistical analysis Logistic regression adjusted for school characteristics, sampling weights, and clustering was used to analyze data. Policies were assessed for strength (required, recommended, neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food) and whether strength was similar for school vending machines and school stores. Results School vending machines and school stores were more prevalent in high schools (93%) than middle (84%) and elementary (30%) schools. For state policies, elementary schools that required prohibiting junk food in school vending machines and school stores offered less junk food than elementary schools that neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food (13% vs 37%; P = 0.006). Middle schools that required prohibiting junk food in vending machines and school stores offered less junk food than middle schools that recommended prohibiting junk food (71% vs 87%; P = 0.07). Similar associations were not evident for district-level polices or high schools. Conclusions Policy may be an effective tool to decrease junk food in schools, particularly in elementary and middle schools. PMID:20630161
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Battle, Danielle; Gruber, Kerry
2009-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the school principal data files of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The public school…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coopersmith, Jared
2009-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the school teacher data files of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The public school…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources.
The Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources met to hear two panels of witnesses discuss improving educational opportunities for low-income children, including provisions of Senate 847, to provide scholarship assistance for District of Columbia elementary and secondary school students. Opening remarks by Senators Coats, Lieberman, Reed, and…
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A survey of community child health audit.
Spencer, N J; Penlington, E
1993-03-01
Community child health medical audit is established in most districts surveyed. A minority have integrated audit with hospital paediatric units. Very few districts use an external auditor. Subject audit is preferred to individual performance audit and school health services were the most common services subjected to medical audit. The need for integrated audit and audit forms suitable for use in the community services is discussed.
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The Toronto Connection: Poverty, Perceived Ability, and Access to Education Equity
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Parekh, Gillian; Killoran, Isabel; Crawford, Cameron
2011-01-01
This study explores the educational opportunities available to secondary high school students in the Toronto District School Board (TDSB), using both public TDSB and Ontario Ministry of Education data. Family income, parental education, and student participation in special education (excluding Gifted) are key units of analysis, as are the types of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Oyerinde, Bolanle Adenike
2014-01-01
Low involvement of African American parents in middle school education is a concern in a school district in the southeastern United States. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the relationships between the explanatory variables of parental involvement, socioeconomic status, and level of education, and the achievement of…
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Implications for Educational Leaders as They Consider Technology Development
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sorensen, Bret J.; Shepherd, Craig E.; Range, Bret G.
2013-01-01
This study examined the make-up and training of school technology assistants who directly help teachers to integrate technology in K-12 classrooms. Fifty-six respondents from one school district in the western United States completed a questionnaire about technology assistance they provide, whether they provide this assistance on a full or part…
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The Implications of Summer Learning Loss for Value-Added Estimates of Teacher Effectiveness
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Gershenson, Seth; Hayes, Michael S.
2018-01-01
School districts across the United States increasingly use value-added models (VAMs) to evaluate teachers. In practice, VAMs typically rely on lagged test scores from the previous academic year, which necessarily conflate summer with school-year learning and potentially bias estimates of teacher effectiveness. We investigate the practical…
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Elementary Teachers' Perceptions on Writing Proficiency of Military-Connected Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Weatherwax, Kerrin
2017-01-01
At Base Elementary School (BES) in the Southwest United States school administrators were concerned that writing proficiency levels for 2014-2015 were below district and state standards and there was not a clear understanding of teachers' perceptions on writing proficiency of military-connected (MC) students at the target site. Therefore, the…
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Evaluating Urban Teacher Recruitment Programs: An Application of Private Sector Recruitment Theories
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Winter, Paul A.; Ronau, Robert N.; Munoz, Marco A.
2004-01-01
This teacher recruitment study was conducted in one of the largest school districts in the United States. The participants (N = 152) were newly hired teachers. Findings revealed the participants considered economic (e.g., teacher salary schedule), school (e.g., location), and community (e.g., cultural opportunities) attributes important in their…
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Collective Impact: What Does It Mean for Educational Leaders?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Thompson, Rodney; Jocius, Robin
2017-01-01
Due to local, state, and national accountability measures, school reform efforts have become critical of many legislative agendas. Local community members are getting off the sidelines and becoming part of the game to support local schools districts to become part of the solution. Across the United States, Collective Impact models, which propose…
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Reading Attitudes of Middle School Students: Results of a U.S. Survey
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McKenna, Michael C.; Conradi, Kristin; Lawrence, Camille; Jang, Bong Gee; Meyer, J. Patrick
2012-01-01
To examine the current state of reading attitudes among middle school students in the United States, a survey was developed and administered to 4,491 students in 23 states plus the District of Columbia. The instrument comprised four subscales measuring attitudes toward: recreational reading in print settings, recreational reading in digital…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Smette, David H.
2003-01-01
With state budgets in trouble across the United States, many school districts have already been hit with midyear cuts. Morale is the first and biggest issue administrators and school boards have to tackle. Successful leaders must be able to forecast what lies ahead and plan for the future. Good communication with staff and the public is crucial to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
D'Haem, Jeanne
2015-01-01
Recently, as many as 50,000 migrant children from Central America have entered the United States without their parents. Under federal law, public schools must enroll a child who lives in the community, regardless of his or her immigration status. Ming and her twin brother Chang enrolled in my district's elementary school. Ming would not speak,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Tryneski, John, Ed.
This volume updates certification requirements and other pertinent information for K-12 teachers, administrators, librarians, counselors, and other school personnel. The publication lists: certification requirements for each state in the United States and the District of Columbia; recommendations of regional and national associations (Middle…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Psimas, Lynnae L.
2012-01-01
The current study explored the collaborative processes present in a collaboration between an urban university in the Southeast United States, a state-funded educational support agency, and several urban and suburban school districts served by the state agency. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the collaboration and relevant practices,…
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Community Support Gives Rise to New Penta Career Center
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McCulloch, Michelle
2007-01-01
For more than 40 years, Penta Career Center in Perrysburg, Ohio, has successfully served thousands of high school students and adults from Northwest Ohio. Calling a converted 1949 United States Army Depot building home, Penta serves students from 16 surrounding school districts, and offers programs in six core areas: arts and communications;…
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TITLE I, E.S.E.A., 1967-68. REVISED REPORT.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
SWEENEY, DAVID L.
THIS REPORT DESCRIBES THE WAYS IN WHICH THE UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT OF RACINE, WISCONSIN, WILL USE ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT, TITLE I FUNDS. THE PROJECT ACTIVITIES INCLUDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THREE "UNITIZED" SCHOOLS WITH RESTRUCTURED GRADE ORGANIZATIONS AND TEAM TEACHING INSTRUCTION, THE USE OF ART AND MUSIC SPECIALISTS IN…
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LAMP Whys? LAMP Wise! A Practical Guide to the Lansing Area Manufacturing Partnership.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
MacAllum, Keith; McDonald, Deanne; Johnson, Amy Bell
This document profiles the Lansing Area Manufacturing Partnership (LAMP), which is a model school-to-career initiative featuring an innovative integrated, employer-driven curriculum that was designed, developed, and implemented through the joint efforts of the Ingham Intermediate School District in Lansing, Michigan, the United Auto Workers (UAW),…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Blanchard, Margaret R.; LePrevost, Catherine E.; Tolin, A. Dell; Gutierrez, Kristie S.
2016-01-01
This 3-year, mixed-methods study investigated the effects of teacher technology-enhanced professional development (TPD) on 20 teachers' beliefs and practices. Teachers in two middle schools located in neighboring rural, high-poverty districts in the southeastern United States participated in reform-based lessons and learned how to integrate…
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Get Fit with the Grizzlies: A Community-School-Home Initiative to Fight Childhood Obesity
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Irwin, Carol C.; Irwin, Richard L.; Miller, Maureen E.; Somes, Grant W.; Richey, Phyllis A.
2010-01-01
Background: Professional sport organizations in the United States have notable celebrity status, and several teams have used this "star power" to collaborate with local school districts toward the goal of affecting children's health. Program effectiveness is unknown due to the absence of comprehensive evaluations for these initiatives.…
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Conservation Education Improvement. Final Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Diem, Kenneth L.; Hennebry, Howard M.
In an attempt to improve the teaching of conservation in elementary and junior high schools, a set of integrated sequential core units was formulated and tested in five Wyoming school districts during the fall and early winter of 1968. Based on a total sample of 840 elementary students (38% usable response) and 960 junior high students (49% usable…
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Importing Educators: Causes and Consequences of International Teacher Recruitment
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
American Federation of Teachers (NJ), 2009
2009-01-01
This report contains case studies of international recruiters who help school districts in the United States acquire work visas and hire noncitizens. Recruiters sometimes use fees charged to workers to pay for U.S. school officials' overseas trips, where they stay in luxury hotels and handpick teachers at job fairs. Not surprisingly, some school…
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Microcomputer Usage in Schools, 1983-84.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Quality Education Data, Inc., Denver, CO.
Results are presented for the third annual survey of all United States school districts by Quality Education Data, Inc. Findings are displayed in tabular form, and include information on the following: size of the microcomputer marketplace and the kinds of people involved; availability of software by brand for home, business, and education use;…
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State Systemic Education Improvements. Status Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Council of Chief State School Officers, Washington, DC.
The Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) is a nationwide, nonprofit organization of the 57 public officials who head departments of public education in the United States, 5 U.S. extra-state jurisdiction, the District of Columbia, and the Department of Defense Dependents Schools. States are currently at various stages in developing and…
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Standards-Based Curriculum, Differentiated Instruction, and End of Course Assessments
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hartnell, Benjamin Jeffry
2011-01-01
Differentiated instruction, standards-based curriculum, and end of course assessments (ECAs) are not mandated in most high schools across the United States. As such, classroom grades do not accurately reflect district report cards. In particular, grades at the study site, a suburban high school, do not show the specific standards and benchmarks…
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Public Education: Fingertip Facts 2005
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Harrington, Patti
2005-01-01
This paper offers facts and figures on Utah's state of education for 2005. This paper contains the following: (1) Education Contacts; (2) Utah State Board of Education members; (3) Value of Weighted Pupil Unit (WPU) for the 2004-05 school year; (4) Per Pupil Spending in Perspective (2002); (5) Public School Enrollment per district (October…
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Teacher Perceptions of Professional Learning Communities Related to Teacher Retention
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Troutt, Amy
2014-01-01
Teacher retention continues to be of concern for schools across the United States. High teacher turnover results in a loss of teacher quality, loss of commitment, and a loss of funding to school districts. Research suggests that increased teacher retention is affected by induction, mentoring/coaching, engaging in action research, professional…
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After "Hazelwood": The Role of School Officials in Conflicts over the Curriculum.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Whitson, James Anthony
1993-01-01
Analyzes in some detail a number of censorship cases affected by the 1988 United States Supreme Court case, Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier. Considers how principals have been affected by the ruling in their relation to the issue of censorship. Presents ideas about how administrators should deal with the issue. (HB)
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Cultivating Primary Students' Scientific Thinking through Sustained Teacher Professional Development
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Miller, Roxanne Greitz; Curwen, Margaret Sauceda; White-Smith, Kimberly A.; Calfee, Robert C.
2015-01-01
While the United States' National Research Council (NRC 2012) and Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS 2013) advocate children's engagement in active science learning, elementary school teachers in the US indicate lack of time to teach science regularly because of (1) school and district pressure to focus on English language arts and…
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Managing Food Allergies in School: What Educators Need to Know
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Garrow, Eleanor
2011-01-01
An estimated 2.2 million school-age children in the United States have food allergies, and that number seems to be on the rise. What's more, survey studies indicate that one out of six kids with food allergies will have an allergic reaction while in school and that 25% of these reactions will be first-time reactions. If a district has not yet…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hickrod, G. Alan; And Others
The equity of public school funding in Illinois is investigated in this report. A longitudinal, cartographic methodology examines the county as the unit of analysis for the school years 1972-73 through 1990-91. Findings indicate that Illinois school districts are currently more unequal than when the state equalization aid formula state was adopted…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Willis, Renee T.
2012-01-01
There is a new endangered species in this country--the black male. The education of the black male in the United States has recently garnered much-needed national attention. Two national reports in 2010 have heightened the awareness of the fact that the black male student is not successfully navigating our public school systems, often dropping…
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The Impact of Data-Driven Decision Making on Educational Practice in Louisiana Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
James-Maxie, Dana
2012-01-01
Using data to improve educational practice in schools has become a popular reform strategy that has grown as a result of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. Districts and schools across the United States are under a great deal of pressure to collect and analyze data in hopes of identifying student weaknesses to implement corrective action plans…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Simmons, Monica L.
2013-01-01
Teachers' Perceptions of their Self-Efficacy and Effects of Principal Leadership Practices on Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Low and High-Performing Elementary Schools in South Carolina (Under the direction of Dr. Vivian Brackett) Across the United States, school districts are challenged with attracting and attaining high quality teachers. Efficacious…
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Lin, Shao; Kielb, Christine L; Reddy, Amanda L; Chapman, Bonnie R; Hwang, Syni-An
2012-03-01
Good school indoor air quality (IAQ) can affect the health and functioning of school occupants. Thus, it is important to assess the degree to which schools and districts employ strategies to ensure good IAQ management. We examined and compared the patterns of IAQ management strategies between public elementary schools and their school districts in New York State. District-level information obtained from surveys of district facilities managers in 326 districts was described and stratified by district size and socioeconomic status. School-level information obtained from surveys of head custodians in 770 elementary schools was then compared with the district-level information in 241 districts. About 47% of participating school districts reported having a district-wide IAQ program, with a large range in the prevalence of specific IAQ management strategies. Airing out newly painted areas was the most commonly reported (92%) and having a classroom animal policy was the least commonly reported (29%). Larger districts and districts with a district-wide IAQ program were more likely to report certain IAQ strategies than other districts. Elementary schools and their districts were most likely to report airing out newly painted areas (76%). The most common area of disagreement was construction after hours (50%). The top strategy not reported at either level was having an IAQ coordinator (53%). Many school districts lack key IAQ management strategies, and differences exist between district-level policy and school-level practice. Districts and schools should work together to formalize and expand existing IAQ policies and inform stakeholders about these strategies. © 2012, American School Health Association.
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Pateman, B; Grunbaum, J A; Kann, L
1999-09-01
This study provides a qualitative analysis of responses from classroom-, school-, district-, and state-level educators and administrators to open-ended questions about school health education. These questions were posed as part of the School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS), conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 1994, and elicited a range of responses about the status of school health education programs and factors that facilitated and hindered the delivery of such programs. To improve school health education in the United States, respondents cited the need to increase the value and priority of health education in the school curriculum and advocated for 1) professional preparation in health education for persons teaching health-related courses, 2) health education course curricula to address important and timely issues, 3) student testing in health education, 4) improved resources and support for health education, and 5) increased communication and collaboration within their schools and communities related to health education.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Setyono, D. A.; Cahyo, D. D.
2017-06-01
Availability of public facilities are important to support community needs and activities, such as educational facilities (school). Those facilities was needed to endorse the development program implementation which are conducted both of local and national government especially to boost the human resources qualities. This study aims to measures service rates of elementary school in the Malang City and Malang Regency based on supply aspect especially on availability of school unit and also configures the spatial pattern of the school services. Theses study conducted based on the disparity of facility services hypotheses especially on school service provision between urban and rural areas, which are Malang City considered as urban areas and Malang Regency as rural areas. According to the analysis results, rate of elementary school services in the Malang City defined by CGC method about 272% while in Malang the Regency are slightly higher at 319%. The pattern of school services in Malang City relatively similar between its districts, except Klojen District as the growth center of Malang City has the highest rate of services. Meanwhile in the Malang Regency has unique pattern which are high service rates located in the Kepanjen District areas as the growth center of Malang Regency and also several districts that located surrounding the Malang City areas which has impact of city developments. Another district has the lowest service rates due to physical limitations, such as those districts/villages located in the forest areas, coastal areas, or mountainous areas. It is means that students in Malang Regency can access elementary school freely as students in Malang City, they are not only can choose the school in their residential areas but also they can access school everywhere especially from their neighboring areas. It also noticed that there are significant differences of elementary school services between urban center areas and suburban or peripheral areas so that appropriate policy measures are needed to provide equal and balance of educational facilities development throughout each areas. The policy should be arranged appropriately especially in Malang Regency in accordance to the special characteristics of each areas in aims to promote adequate school services and reach all areas equally.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Keigher, Ashley
2009-01-01
This report presents selected findings from the school data files of the 2007-08 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS is a nationally representative sample survey of public, private, and Bureau of Indian Education-funded (BIE) K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The 2007-08 SASS sample is a…
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Alaska Plants and Trees. Grade 3. Revised. Anchorage School District Elementary Science Program.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Defendorf, Jean, Ed.
This unit includes 15 lessons on Alaskan plants and trees for third graders. It describes materials, supplementary materials including books and films, use of process skill terminology, unit objectives, vocabulary, background information (including the information source), field trip organization, succession, and major plants. Included are: (1)…
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Math Science Partnership of Southwest Pennsylvania: Measuring Progress toward Goals. Monograph
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Pane, John F.; Williams, Valerie L.; Olmsted, Stuart S.; Yuan, Kun; Spindler, Eleanor; Slaughter, Mary Ellen
2009-01-01
In 2003, the Allegheny Intermediate Unit received a grant under the National Science Foundation's Math and Science Partnership program to establish the Math Science Partnership of Southwest Pennsylvania (MSP). The MSP brings together regional K-12 school districts, institutions of higher education, and intermediate units with the goals of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Defendorf, Jean, Ed.
This unit contains 14 lessons on the properties of liquids for fifth graders. It describes materials, supplementary materials, use of process skill terminology, unit objectives, vocabulary, and background information for teachers. Lessons are: (1) "Heaping and Drops/Cohesion"; (2) "Beading of Liquid Columns/Cohesion"; (3)…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Div. of Human Resources.
Chapter 1 was created from its predecessor, Title 1, in order to give more flexibility to states and local school districts. Many of the requirements and criteria of Title 1 were relaxed in 1981 when Chapter 1 began. Districts are now required to submit written plans of their new Chapter 1 organization assuring the comparability of services…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Taie, Soheyla; Goldring, Rebecca
2017-01-01
The 2015-16 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) is a nationally representative sample survey of public K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. This report presents selected findings from the Public School Data File of NTPS. NTPS is a redesign of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). SASS was…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Taie, Soheyla; Goldring, Rebecca
2017-01-01
The 2015-16 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) is a nationally representative sample survey of public K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. This report presents selected findings from the Public School Teacher Data File of NTPS. NTPS is a redesign of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS).…
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Single Project Replaces District's Windows.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
American School and University, 1981
1981-01-01
The towns of Maplewood and South Orange (New Jersey) earmarked over $1 million, raised from a bond issue, to replace with thermal aluminum-framed units the 2400 worn out windows in eight 50-year-old schools. (Author)
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Participant Perceptions on the Need for an Anti Bullying Program in Elementary School
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
O'Connor, Jacqueline
2012-01-01
The phenomenon of bullying in K-12 school districts in the United States continues to undergo examination. The purpose of this study was to understand the issues of bullying from teacher and administrator perspectives and to describe components needed to build a quality program to prevent bullying. Research questions involved understanding…
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Examining How Professional Development Impacted Teachers and Students of U.S. History Courses
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Duffield, Stacy; Wageman, Justin; Hodge, Angela
2013-01-01
A causal-comparative, mixed methods design was used to study a partnership between a university and school district formed with the goal of improving history teachers' United States history content knowledge to raise student engagement and achievement. Data were collected from middle and high school history teachers including teacher interviews,…
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Inputs and Student Achievement: An Analysis of Latina/o-Serving Urban Elementary Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Heilig, Julian Vasquez; Williams, Amy; Jez, Su Jin
2010-01-01
One of the most pressing problems in the United States is improving student academic performance, especially the nation's burgeoning Latina/o student population. There is a dearth of research on variables associated with student achievement in Latina/o majority schools in urban districts. As the majority of Latina/o students are segregated into…
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Impact of Professional Learning Community Practices on Morale of Urban High School Teachers
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Almanzar, Angel
2014-01-01
This applied dissertation was designed to determine the impact a planned intervention, or participants' engagement in lesson study practices, had on teacher morale and professional learning communities within a public high school located in the Southeastern part of the United States. A review of a yearly teacher survey conducted by the district's…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Newman, Cara
2012-01-01
School districts throughout the United States provide in-home schooling for students whose health problems, both physical and mental, prevent them from attending regular classes. This service is an outgrowth of the federal legislation which addressed the provision of education to all children with special needs. Home/Hospital teachers who serve…
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Public Elementary and Secondary School Arts Education Instructors. Stats in Brief. NCES 2015-085
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sparks, Dinah; Zhang, Jizhi; Bahr, Steven
2015-01-01
Amid reports of decreased instructional time in music and art in some districts (Heilig, Cole, and Aguilar 2010; McMurrer 2008; Rabkin and Hedberg 2011), researchers, policymakers, and practitioners have questioned the status of arts education in the United States (Sabol 2013). Evidence about how elementary and secondary schools staff their arts…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
MacAllum, Keith; Yoder, Karla; Kim, Scott; Bozick, Robert
A longitudinal study examined the college and career transitions of graduates of the Lansing Area Manufacturing Partnership (LAMP) program, which is a school-to-career (STC) program sponsored by the United Auto Workers, General Motors Corporation, and Michigan's Ingham County Intermediate School District. The progress of three cohorts of LAMP…
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Indiana Education: English Learner Instruction at the Primary Level
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sullivan, Michael D.
2013-01-01
The number of students enrolled in United States public schools speaking a language other than English in their homes doubled over the last decade. In Indiana more than 60% of all public school districts reported having at least one English Learner student enrolled. It is projected that Indiana EL enrollment will increase 21% by the year 2021…
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Students' Attitudes toward Teacher Use of Technology in Classrooms
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hoffmann, Malia M.; Ramirez, A. Y.
2018-01-01
It would behoove school districts and individual schools to listen to the attitudes of students regarding pedagogy. Students within the United States are often raised to be receivers of information rather than to be consultants for education. Research is needed to identify if teachers' beliefs parallel students' beliefs when it comes to lessons in…
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The Geography of Racial/Ethnic Test Score Gaps. CEPA Working Paper No. 16-10
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reardon, Sean F.; Kalogrides, Demetra; Shores, Ken
2017-01-01
We estimate racial/ethnic achievement gaps in several hundred metropolitan areas and several thousand school districts in the United States using the results of roughly 200 million standardized math and reading tests administered to public school students from 2009-2013. We show that achievement gaps vary substantially, ranging from nearly 0 in…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Silverman, Rebecca D.; Coker, David; Proctor, C. Patrick; Harring, Jeffrey; Piantedosi, Kelly W.; Hartranft, Anna M.
2015-01-01
The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between language variables and writing outcomes with linguistically diverse students in grades 3-5. The participants were 197 children from three schools in one district in the mid-Atlantic United States. We assessed students' vocabulary knowledge and morphological and syntactical skill as…
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Splintered Accountability: State Governance and Education Reform. SUNY Series in Public Policy
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Shober, Arnold F.
2010-01-01
The No Child Left Behind Act declared that improving education in every school in the United States was a top national priority. However, this act did not acknowledge how state departments of education have successfully constructed reforms for the past few decades, despite the power struggle between governors, legislators, school districts, and…
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Estimates of School Statistics, 1971-72.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Flanigan, Jean M.
This report presents public school statistics for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the regions and outlying areas of the United States. The text presents national data for each of the past 10 years and defines the basic series of statistics. Tables present the revised estimates by State and region for 1970-71 and the preliminary…
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Teacher Quality Roadmap: Improving Policies and Practices in LAUSD
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
National Council on Teacher Quality, 2011
2011-01-01
At the request of the United Way of Greater Los Angeles, the National Council on Teacher Quality (NCTQ) undertook this analysis of the teacher policies in the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD). A coalition of civil rights groups were also involved in this project, including Parent Organization Network, Families in Schools, Alliance for a…
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Competing Purposes of Education: The Case of Underschooled Immigrant Students
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Drake, Kristy
2017-01-01
Recent global events have led to a striking rise of displaced people and refugees worldwide. Every year, the United States resettles nearly 70,000 refugees, with a large minority resettling in one California school district. Approximately 3000 students from refugee families are enrolled in local schools, many of whom lack prior formal education in…
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Corporal Punishment in the State of Louisiana: A Descriptive Study of Policies and Practices
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Broussard, Mary R.
2014-01-01
Louisiana is currently one of the 19 states in the United States that still allow the use of corporal punishment in public schools. The research questions that drove this study explored Louisiana-published court cases involving corporal punishment in public schools, district policies regarding the use of corporal punishment, reported instances of…
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Case Study: Hunterdon County Polytech Career Academy.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Southern Regional Education Board (SREB), 2012
2012-01-01
At first glance, Hunterdon County Polytech Career Academy (HCP) in Flemington, New Jersey, looks like a dream school. This shared-time career academy is an autonomous school district located in Hunterdon County--a county with one of the highest per-capita incomes in the United States--and is 60 miles from both New York City and Philadelphia. HCP…
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From Districts to Schools: The Distribution of Resources across Schools in Big City School Districts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Rubenstein, Ross; Schwartz, Amy Ellen; Stiefel, Leanna; Amor, Hella Bel Hadj
2007-01-01
While the distribution of resources across school districts is well studied, relatively little attention has been paid to how resources are allocated to individual schools inside those districts. This paper explores the determinants of resource allocation across schools in large districts based on factors that reflect differential school costs or…
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District wellness policies and school-level practices in Minnesota, USA.
Larson, Nicole; Davey, Cynthia; Hoffman, Pamela; Kubik, Martha Y; Nanney, Marilyn S
2016-01-01
To compare the strength of district wellness policies with corresponding school-level practices reported by principals and teachers. District-level wellness policy data were collected from school district websites and, if not available online, by requests made to district administrators in the autumn of 2013. The strength of district policies was scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool. School-level data were drawn from the 2012 Minnesota School Health Profiles principal and teacher surveys and the National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data. Generalized estimating equations which accounted for school-level demographics and the nesting of up to two schools within some districts were used to examine ten district policy items and fourteen school-level practices of relevance to nutrition standards, nutrition education and wellness promotion, and physical activity promotion. State-wide sample of 180 districts and 212 public schools in Minnesota, USA. The mean number of energy-dense, nutrient-poor snack foods and beverages available for students to purchase at school was inversely related to the strength of district wellness policies regulating vending machines and school stores (P=0·01). The proportion of schools having a joint use agreement for shared use of physical activity facilities was inversely related to the strength of district policies addressing community use of school facilities (P=0·03). No associations were found between the strength of other district policies and school-level practices. Nutrition educators and other health professionals should assist schools in periodically assessing their wellness practices to ensure compliance with district wellness policies and environments supportive of healthy behaviours.
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District wellness policies and school-level practices in Minnesota
Larson, Nicole; Davey, Cynthia; Hoffman, Pamela; Kubik, Martha Y.; Nanney, Marilyn S.
2015-01-01
Objective To compare the strength of district wellness policies with corresponding school-level practices reported by principals and teachers. Design District-level wellness policy data was collected from school district websites and, if not available online, by requests made to district administrators in the fall of 2013. The strength of district policies was scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool. School-level data were drawn from the 2012 Minnesota School Health Profiles principal and teacher surveys and National Center for Education Statistics Common Core Data. Generalized estimating equations which accounted for school-level demographics and the nesting of up to two schools within some districts were used to examine 10 district policy items and 14 school-level practices of relevance to nutrition standards, nutrition education and wellness promotion, and physical activity promotion. Setting/Subjects Statewide sample of 180 districts and 212 public schools in Minnesota. Results The mean number of energy-dense, nutrient-poor snack foods and beverages available for students to purchase at school was inversely related to the strength of district wellness policies regulating vending machines and school stores (p=0.01). The proportion of schools having a joint use agreement for shared use of physical activity facilities was inversely related to the strength of district policies addressing community use of school facilities (p=0.03). No associations were found between the strength of other district policies and school-level practices. Conclusions Nutrition educators and other health professionals should assist schools in periodically assessing their wellness practices to ensure compliance with district wellness policies and environments supportive of healthy behaviors. PMID:25990324
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kenny, Lawrence W.
2010-01-01
Virtually all voucher programs in the United States limit vouchers to a large struggling city such as Cleveland, Milwaukee, or the District of Columbia. This study examines the votes cast by 188 Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives who cast votes on (a) a nationwide voucher plan in 2001 and (b) a 2003 proposal for vouchers for DC. This…
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Outer Space: A Multi-Age, Integrated Subjects Curriculum Unit.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hall, William D.
This multi-age integrated teaching unit on outer space was developed by 19 rural teachers (grades K-8) from 12 Gallatin County (Montana) districts to associate all school subjects with a common theme, promote teaching efficiency by focusing on more than one subject at the same time, and increase student excitement. Topics explored by each grade…
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New Mexico State Department of Education, Division of Indian Education. 1970-71 Annual Report.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
New Mexico State Dept. of Education, Santa Fe. Div. of Indian Education.
An annual report (1970-71) of New Mexico's State Department of Education, Division of Indian Education, this document presents data pertaining to the 20 schools receiving Johnson-O'Malley benefits. Observations from the Director of Indian Education indicate that kindergarten units were expanded to 41 units in 12 districts; that 10 Indian…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs.
Testimony was presented at these hearings by the following witnesses: Hubert Humphrey, U.S. Senator from the State of Minnesota; Dr. John N. Perryman, executive director, American School Food Service Association; B.P. Taylor, superintendent of Schools, San Diego Independent School District, San Diego, Texas; Dr. Jean Mayer, special consultant to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Taie, Soheyla; Goldring, Rebecca
2017-01-01
The 2015-16 National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) is a nationally representative sample survey of public K-12 schools, principals, and teachers in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. This report presents selected findings from the Public School Principal Data File of NTPS. The purpose of NTPS is to collect information that can…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bradley, L. Richard
Recent national studies have pointed out the changing educational needs of young people as the United States moves from an industrial society to an information society. Selected middle school students in Ohio were involved in a two-year federally-funded program entitled "Learning for Leadership." The objectives of the program were: (1)…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Comptroller General of the U.S., Washington, DC.
The results of a federal audit of attendance and enrollment data from the Boston Public School System are summarized in this paper. The General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted the audit to determine the accuracy of the data submitted to the U.S. District Court of Massachusetts for use in implementing the Boston school desegregation plan and for…
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An Analysis of a High Performing School District's Culture
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Corum, Kenneth D.; Schuetz, Todd B.
2012-01-01
This report describes a problem based learning project focusing on the cultural elements of a high performing school district. Current literature on school district culture provides numerous cultural elements that are present in high performing school districts. With the current climate in education placing pressure on school districts to perform…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Robinson, LeAnne; Lambert, M. Chuck; Towner, John; Caros, Jennifer
2016-01-01
Literacy instruction is once again at the forefront of school reform throughout North America. Numerous federal and state initiatives in the United States, such as Reading First and Response to Intervention, have either recommended or required that educators use research based curricular materials and instructional practices. This study is reports…
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Making the Grade: Reversing Childhood Obesity in School Districts Toolkit--What Is It?
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2012
2012-01-01
In order to reverse the childhood obesity epidemic in the United States, it is critical to elevate the importance of physical education and physical activity as core components of a comprehensive curriculum in schools. It is also essential to explicitly state ways in which the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Workman, Lauren M.; Flynn, Shannon; Kenison, Kelli; Prince, Mary
2015-01-01
Continued efforts are needed to reduce teenage pregnancy in the United States. Implementation of evidence-based curricula in schools is one strategy toward meeting this goal. In 2010, the South Carolina Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy (SC Campaign) received funding to implement a teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) curriculum. Congruent with South…
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Documentation to the 2015-16 Common Core of Data (CCD) Universe Files. NCES 2017-074
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Glander, Mark
2017-01-01
The Common Core of Data (CCD) is a national statistical program that collects and compiles administrative data from SEAs covering the universe of all public elementary and secondary schools and school districts in the United States. The first CCD collection was for SY 1986-87. The predecessor to CCD was the Elementary and Secondary General…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coleman, LaToya O.; Gibson, Philip; Cotten, Shelia R.; Howell-Moroney, Michael; Stringer, Kristi
2016-01-01
This study examines the relationship between internal barriers, professional development, and computer integration outcomes among a sample of fourth- and fifth-grade teachers in an urban, low-income school district in the Southeastern United States. Specifically, we examine the impact of teachers' computer attitudes, computer anxiety, and computer…
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Principles of Technology. Final Report, Leander Independent School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Leander Independent School District, TX.
Principles of Technology was designed as a high school course in applied science for vocational students in the 11th and 12th grades in Leander, Texas. It consists of a 2-year curriculum covering 14 units in applied physics: (1) force; (2) work; (3) rate; (4) resistance; (5) energy; (6) power; (7) force transformers; (8) momentum; (9) waves and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kenney, Meghan
2013-01-01
Legislative changes and discussions about the United States falling further and further behind other nations in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) achievement are growing. As they grow, STEM instruction in elementary school has earned its place as a national area of interest in education. In the case of Ivory School District,…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
WHITESIDES, M.M.
THIS REPORT IS A COMPILATION OF DATA ON ELECTRIC AIR CONDITIONING COSTS, OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE. AIR CONDITIONING UNITS ARE COMPARED IN TERMS OF ELECTRIC VERSUS NON-ELECTRIC, AUTOMATIC VERSUS OPERATED, AIR COOLED VERSUS WATER COOLED, RECIPROCATING VERSUS CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS, SPACE AND NOISE, REHEAT, MAINTENANCE AND ORIGINAL COST. DATA ARE…
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Four Signs Your District Is Ready for an Early Warning System. A Discussion Guide
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Regional Educational Laboratory Pacific, 2016
2016-01-01
Although high school graduation rates continue to rise in the United States, reaching 81 percent in the 2012-2013 school year (U.S. Department of Education, 2015), dropout remains a pervasive issue for education systems across the nation. In recent years, Early Warning Systems (EWS), which utilize administrative data to identify students at risk…
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Grades and Graduation: A Longitudinal Risk Perspective to Identify Student Dropouts
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bowers, Alex J.
2010-01-01
Studies of student risk of school dropout have shown that present predictors of at-risk status do not accurately identify a large percentage of students who eventually drop out. Through the analysis of the entire Grade 1-12 longitudinal cohort-based grading histories of the class of 2006 for two school districts in the United States, the author…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Winters, Marcus A.
2012-01-01
Public school teachers in the United States are famously difficult to dismiss. The reason is simple: after three years on the job, most receive tenure--after a brief and subjective evaluation process in which few receive negative ratings. In recent years, some school districts have experimented with changes in tenure rules. They seek the power to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilson, Rene M.
2011-01-01
Parent involvement is considered a vital educational factor that is associated with students' academic success. Engaging parents in the educational process is a challenge confronting many school districts across the United States. This is a significant problem for schools in low socioeconomic communities where lack of resources for parents and…
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Orientations to Video Games among Gender and Age Groups
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Greenberg, Bradley S.; Sherry, John; Lachlan, Kenneth; Lucas, Kristen; Holmstrom, Amanda
2010-01-01
Questionnaires were completed by 5th-, 8th-, and 11th-grade public schools students in rural and suburban school districts and by undergraduates at two universities in the United States (n = 1,242). They were asked about their orientation to video games--the amount of time they played, their motives for doing so, and the game types they…
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Adding Fuel to the Fire: Life and Meaning of Data in a Principal's World
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Angelaccio, Donald S.; Miskovic, Maja
2015-01-01
In this paper a former middle school principal and his dissertation chair look back at the research process envisioned and carried out against the neo-positivist grain aggressively put forward by the government and espoused in school districts across the United States. We revisit the meaning of data and show how they emerged from the paradigmatic…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Alim, H. Samy
2005-01-01
As scholars examine the successes and failures of more than 50 years of court-ordered desegregation since "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas," and 25 years of language education of Black youth since "Martin Luther King Elementary School Children v. Ann Arbor School District Board," this article revisits the key…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Sickel, Aaron J.; Friedrichsen, Patricia
2015-01-01
The purpose of this three-year case study was to understand how a beginning biology teacher (Alice) designed and taught a 5E unit on natural selection, how the unit changed when she took a position in a different school district, and why the changes occurred. We examined Alice's developing beliefs about science teaching and learning,…
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Analysis of County School Districts in Arkansas.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Budd, Karol B.; Charlton, J.L.
The 1948, Arkansas School District Reorganization Act was passed in an effort to reduce the 1589 small school districts to a smaller number. Those districts not consolidated would form county districts. As of the 1967-68 school year, 26 of these county districts remained. The purpose of this study was to provide information drawing attention to…
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Case studies in teaching evolution: The intersection of dilemmas in practice
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Fisher, Rachel
Despite recent science education reform documents citing evolution as a core concept to be taught in grades K-12, research shows problems with how it is currently taught. Evolution is often avoided, teachers minimize its importance within biology, infuse misconceptions, and/or interject non-scientific ideologies into lessons. My research focused on how teachers in two geographically and culturally distinct school districts in the southwestern U.S. negotiate dilemmas during an evolution unit. One school district was rural and had a large population of Mormon students, while the other district was urban, with a large majority Mexican/Mexican-American students. Using a case study approach, I observed three biology teachers during their evolution lessons, interviewed them throughout the unit, co-planned lessons with them, and collected artifacts from this unit, including anonymous student work. I also included data from four genetics lessons for each teacher to determine if the issues that arose during the evolution unit were a result of the general practice of the teacher, or if they were unique to evolution. Findings showed teachers' backgrounds and comfort levels with evolution, in addition to their perceptions of community context, affected how they negotiated pedagogical, conceptual, political, and cultural dilemmas. This study's findings will inform in-service teachers' future practice and professional development tools to aid with their teaching---this may include methods to negotiate some of the political (e.g. state standards) or cultural (e.g. religious resistance) issues inherent to teaching evolution.
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Philadelphia's Renaissance Schools Initiative after Four Years
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Stratos, Kati; Wolford, Tonya; Reitano, Adrienne
2015-01-01
In 2010-2011, the School District of Philadelphia (the District) launched its Renaissance Schools Initiative, a program designed to dramatically improve student achievement in the District's lowest performing schools. Some schools became Promise Academies, based on the federal turnaround model, and remained District-operated neighborhood schools.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Moore, Glenn M.
2012-01-01
Purpose and Method of Study. The primary purpose of this quantitative study was to analyze the relationship between school district expenditures and student academic achievement in 102 public elementary school districts in the state of Oklahoma. The secondary purpose was to investigate the relationship between school district expenditures and…
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Leading Implementation of 21st Century Skills: Technology
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Blattner, David Craig
2012-01-01
A qualitative case study was conducted on the Mooresville Graded School Districts's (MGSD) digital conversion for the entire school district. MGSD is a semi-rural small suburban school district with 5,450 students kindergarten through twelfth grade. The school district consists of three elementary schools, two intermediate schools, one middle…
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Oregon School Bond Manual. Seventh Edition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Oregon State Dept. of Education, Salem.
To help school districts comply with Oregon's school bond laws, this manual provides guidelines for school district attorneys and personnel in the issuance and sale of school district bonds. The manual deals with the three primary types of Oregon school district borrowings: (1) general obligation bonds; (2) tax and revenue anticipation notes; and…
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Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D.; Coffield, Edward; Kingsley, Beverly S.; Zytnick, Deena; Blanck, Heidi
2016-01-01
Introduction Foods and beverages marketed in schools are typically of poor nutritional value. School districts may adopt policies and practices to restrict marketing of unhealthful foods and to promote healthful choices. Students’ exposure to marketing practices differ by school demographics, but these differences have not yet been examined by district characteristics. Methods We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study to examine how food and beverage marketing and promotion policies and practices varied by district characteristics such as metropolitan status, size, and percentage of non-Hispanic white students. Results Most practices varied significantly by district size: a higher percentage of large districts than small or medium-sized districts restricted marketing of unhealthful foods and promoted healthful options. Compared with districts whose student populations were majority (>50%) non-Hispanic white, a higher percentage of districts whose student populations were minority non-Hispanic white (≤50% non-Hispanic white) prohibited advertising of soft drinks in school buildings and on school grounds, made school meal menus available to students, and provided families with information on school nutrition programs. Compared with suburban and rural districts, a higher percentage of urban districts prohibited the sale of soft drinks on school grounds and used several practices to promote healthful options. Conclusion Preliminary findings showing significant associations between district demographics and marketing policies and practices can be used to help states direct resources, training, and technical assistance to address food and beverage marketing and promotion to districts most in need of improvement. PMID:27978408
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Merlo, Caitlin L; Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D; Coffield, Edward; Kingsley, Beverly S; Zytnick, Deena; Blanck, Heidi
2016-12-15
Foods and beverages marketed in schools are typically of poor nutritional value. School districts may adopt policies and practices to restrict marketing of unhealthful foods and to promote healthful choices. Students' exposure to marketing practices differ by school demographics, but these differences have not yet been examined by district characteristics. We analyzed data from the 2012 School Health Policies and Practices Study to examine how food and beverage marketing and promotion policies and practices varied by district characteristics such as metropolitan status, size, and percentage of non-Hispanic white students. Most practices varied significantly by district size: a higher percentage of large districts than small or medium-sized districts restricted marketing of unhealthful foods and promoted healthful options. Compared with districts whose student populations were majority (>50%) non-Hispanic white, a higher percentage of districts whose student populations were minority non-Hispanic white (≤50% non-Hispanic white) prohibited advertising of soft drinks in school buildings and on school grounds, made school meal menus available to students, and provided families with information on school nutrition programs. Compared with suburban and rural districts, a higher percentage of urban districts prohibited the sale of soft drinks on school grounds and used several practices to promote healthful options. Preliminary findings showing significant associations between district demographics and marketing policies and practices can be used to help states direct resources, training, and technical assistance to address food and beverage marketing and promotion to districts most in need of improvement.
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In-use fuel economy of hybrid-electric school buses in Iowa.
Hallmark, Shauna; Sperry, Bob; Mudgal, Abhisek
2011-05-01
Although it is much safer and more fuel-efficient to transport children to school in buses than in private vehicles, school buses in the United States still consume 822 million gal of diesel fuel annually, and school transportation costs can account for a significant portion of resource-constrained school district budgets. Additionally, children in diesel-powered school buses may be exposed to higher levels of particulates and other pollutants than children in cars. One solution to emission and fuel concerns is use of hybrid-electric school buses, which have the potential to reduce emissions and overall lifecycle costs compared with conventional diesel buses. Hybrid-electric technologies are available in the passenger vehicle market as well as the transit bus market and have a track record indicating fuel economy and emissions benefits. This paper summarizes the results of an in-use fuel economy evaluation for two plug-in hybrid school buses deployed in two different school districts in Iowa. Each school district selected a control bus with a route similar to that of the hybrid bus. Odometer readings, fuel consumption, and maintenance needs were recorded for each bus. The buses were deployed in 2008 and data were collected through May 2010. Fuel consumption was calculated for each school district. In Nevada, IA, the overall average fuel economy was 8.23 mpg for the hybrid and 6.35 mpg for the control bus. In Sigourney, IA, the overall average fuel economy was 8.94 mpg for the hybrid and 6.42 mpg for the control bus. The fuel consumption data were compared for the hybrid and control buses using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results indicate that fuel economy for the Nevada hybrid bus was 29.6% better than for the Nevada control bus, and fuel economy for the Sigourney hybrid bus was 39.2% higher than for the Sigourney control bus. Both differences were statistically significant.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs.
The following witnesses testified before these hearings of the Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs: Mrs. G. Marsh, area consultant, Division of Food and Nutrition Services, Pennsylvania Department of Education; Mrs. G. Chegwidden, director, School Food Service, Franklin Regional School District, Murrysville, Pa.; Mr. S. Lympany, senior…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Marks, Susan Unok; Kurth, Jennifer A.; Bartz, Jody Marie
2014-01-01
Although inclusive education has been increasing in frequency for students with disabilities in the United States, for many students, the opportunity to be educated with their peers without disabilities continues to be out of reach despite decades of efforts by those promoting the vision of inclusion. This exploratory case study used interviews…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anchorage School District, AK.
This resource book introduces sixth-grade children to the physical and chemical properties of gases. The unit begins with an investigation of acids and bases. Students then generate carbon dioxide, oxygen, and hydrogen, and investigate the properties of each. The unit culminates with an activity involving an unknown gas. Students conduct tests to…
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Drawing the Line: Student Reassignment Policies in South Carolina
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Simmons, Naomi Rachel
2013-01-01
This study investigates the complex nature of student reassignment plans developed between 2006 and 2008 in three South Carolina school districts: York School District 3, Dorchester School District 2, and Greenville School District. The study is guided by the following research question: How are the district policies for student reassignment…
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Systematic Research and Evaluation in a Rural Pennsylvania School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Leopold, Greg; And Others
This report summarizes the evaluation of a rural school district in Pennsylvania and offers recommendations reflecting the district's goals for school improvement and construction. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to identify curricular needs of the district and individual schools; review and assess district facilities with respect…
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School District Mergers: What One District Learned
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kingston, Kathleen
2009-01-01
Throughout the planning process for a school district merger in a northwestern Pennsylvania school district, effective communication proved to be a challenge. Formed in 1932, this school district of approximately 1400 students was part of a utopian community; one established by a transportation system's corporation that was a major industrial…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
LaFee, Scott
2002-01-01
Describes the use of data-driven decision-making in four school districts: Plainfield Public Schools, Plainfield, New Jersey; Palo Alto Unified School District, Palo Alto, California; Francis Howell School District in eastern Missouri, northwest of St. Louis; and Rio Rancho Public Schools, near Albuquerque, New Mexico. Includes interviews with the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hoffman, Pamela K.; Davey, Cynthia S.; Larson, Nicole; Grannon, Katherine Y.; Hanson, Carlie; Nanney, Marilyn S.
2016-01-01
Weight-related outcomes were examined among high school students in Minnesota public school districts according to the quality of district wellness policies. Wellness policy strength and comprehensiveness were scored using the Wellness School Assessment Tool (WellSAT) for 325 Minnesota public school districts in 2013. The associations between…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Feemster, Kristen G.; Proctor, Steven L.; Hoffmann, Norman G.
2016-01-01
This study identified peak periods of the onset, prevalence, and correlates of early adolescent substance use, and evaluated the feasibility of implementing a brief student survey at a high school in the southeastern United States. A brief survey was self-administered and 791 students with a mean age of 16.2 years (SD = 1.24) provided complete…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Briones, Ernestina M.; Jones, Don; Challoo, Linda
2015-01-01
In the United States, seven thousand students drop out of school every day (Alliance for Excellence Education, 2010); that is more than one million per year (Balfanz & Bridgeland, 2014). Administrators, former educators and private entities have taken an interest in the dropout epidemic and have developed numerous dropout prevention and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Collier Good, Cayanna
2013-01-01
This dissertation explored the constitutionality of a Georgia law, under both the Georgia Constitution and the United States Constitution, which allows for the removal of elected school board members based on threatened loss of district accreditation. The problem is that elected board members are being removed from office based on district…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Foster, Geraldine R. K.; Tickle, Martin
2013-01-01
Background and objective: Some districts in the United Kingdom (UK), where the level of child dental caries is high and water fluoridation has not been possible, implement school-based fluoridated milk (FM) schemes. However, process variables, such as consent to drink FM and loss of children as they mature, impede the effectiveness of these…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Zavadsky, Heather
2016-01-01
Workforce and societal needs have changed significantly over the past few decades while educational approaches have remained largely the same over the past 50 years. Walk into any random classroom in the United States and you will likely see instruction being delivered to students in straight rows by teachers through lecture style. It is possible…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roxas, Kevin; Gabriel, Maria L.
2017-01-01
This article reports on findings from a year-long research project conducted during the 2012-2013 school year in a PK-12 school district, located in the Mountain West region of the United States, utilizing the Photovoice method. The findings in the project point to the important critical counter-narratives Spanish-speaking immigrant parents…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Reardon, Ryan Turner
2008-01-01
The purpose of this non-experimental correlational study was to determine the relationship between the type of attendance policies in the high schools of the 67 Florida school districts, the size of the school district (number of high school students), the socioeconomic status SES) of the school district, and the average daily attendance rate of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, James S., Jr.
2013-01-01
This exploration focuses on school leaders' perceptions of school counselors as leaders and their involvement with district wide change. This study explores school counselor leadership, school counselors' role in district level change, and barriers to school counselor leadership. This is a qualitative study utilizing grounded theory design.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barker, Bruce O.; Muse, Ivan D.
A 1982-83 survey produced data used to compare 17 small/rural K-12 New Mexico school districts (900 students or fewer) with 642 similar districts nationwide. Of New Mexico's 88 school districts, 43 were identified as qualifying (48.9%, enrolling 16,648 students), for comparison to 4,125 similar districts nationwide. A questionnaire mailed to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dombrowski, Richard J.
In 1983, Channahon School District 17 in Illinois was $1.3 million in debt. Real estate taxes constituted the school district's chief source of revenue, but because the state's oil industry kept its assessed valuations below the actual value of its property through the use of experts and lawyers, the school district was denied much of its income.…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Al dakeel, Taghreed M.; Almannie, Mohamed A.
2015-01-01
The general school district of Riyadh is one of largest in the country of (45) school districts in Saudi Arabia. The school districts play an important roles in the development of education, therefore the objective of the study is to examine the roles of the management in the school districts to see if it is achieving competitive advantage. After…
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Chriqui, Jamie F; Eyler, Amy; Carnoske, Cheryl; Slater, Sandy
2013-01-01
To examine the influence of state laws and district policies on district-wide elementary school and middle school practices related to physical education (PE) time and the percentage of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time during PE. Multivariate, cross-sectional analysis of state laws, district wellness and PE policies, and district PE practices for school year 2010-2011 controlling for district-level urbanicity, region, size, race/ethnicity of students, and socioeconomic status and clustered on state. One hundred ninety-five public school districts located in 42 states. District-level PE coordinators for the included districts who responded to an online survey. Minutes and days of PE per week and percent time spent in MVPA during PE time. District PE coordinators reported significantly less PE time than national standards-82.9 and 189.6 minutes at the elementary school and middle school levels, respectively. Physical education was provided an average of 2.5 and 3.7 days per week, respectively; and the percentage of MVPA time in PE was 64.4% and 65.7%, respectively. At the elementary school level, districts in either states with laws governing PE time or in a state and district with a law/policy reported significantly more days of PE (0.63 and 0.67 additional days, respectively), and districts in states with PE time laws reported 18 more minutes of PE per week. At the middle school level, state laws were associated with 0.73 more days of PE per week. Neither state laws nor district policies were positively associated with percent MVPA time in PE. State laws and district policies can influence district-level PE practices-particularly those governing the frequency and duration of PE-although opportunities exist to strengthen PE-related laws, policies, and practices.
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From inside the black box: Teacher perceptions of science instruction at the elementary level
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Ferrini, Cynthia D.
Science education reform projects aimed at elementary school children arose in the 1960's. The most prevalent of these reforms utilized the inquiry, or hands-on, science method. Billions of dollars have been invested in these reforms. Yet, reports indicate that science is not being taught at the level one might expect in elementary schools. This research was an analysis of the problems and concerns teachers at one school district faced as they tried to implement and sustain elementary inquiry science instruction. The district chosen was a large suburban district in the Western United States. The population was ninety percent Caucasian with a slightly more ethnically diverse school population. This district was chosen because it had an elementary science program for over twenty years and had received national acclaim for that program. The district had a stable and homogeneous staff there was a low administrator and teacher turnover rate and the elementary teaching population was ninety percent Caucasian and ninety percent female. Interviews with administrators and teachers were conducted. Data were collected from focus groups of teachers and science partners. Observations of elementary science classroom instruction and professional development sessions were made. Results of this research indicated that one important key to elementary science reform rests in the hands of teachers. Once the door to the classroom is closed, the teacher can decide to teach or not to teach science. The findings of this research illustrate that teachers hold ideas about science and science instruction that are antithetical to some tenets of inquiry science. Until these ideas are addressed it will be difficult, if not impossible, to implement a systemic elementary inquiry science program. This study demonstrates that professional development for elementary teachers in science needs to change from a focus on the mechanical usage of individual units to a focus on teacher expectations for student achievement. Professional development for teachers in inquiry science must address the cognitive foundations for inquiry science and the benefits students derive from this educational approach. Institutions delivering pre-service training for elementary teachers in science must change the curriculum to reflect these needs.
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Technology Finds Its Place in Silicon Valley Schools
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hundley, Paula; Scigliano, Marie
2012-01-01
Technology today is poised to usher in the best of times. Exploring what other districts do highlights the common themes as well as the unique challenges. Three very different districts in Silicon Valley--Portola Valley School District, Campbell Union School District and San Jose Unified School District--explain the strategies they use to enhance…
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Small Districts in Big Trouble: How Four Arizona School Systems Responded to Charter Competition.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hess, Frederick; Maranto, Robert; Milliman, Scott
2001-01-01
Examined the responses to charter school competition of four small Arizona school districts. Overall, districts lost students to charter schools because they did not satisfy significant constituencies. Their responses depended on overall enrollment trends, quality of charter competition, quality of district leadership, and district size. Responses…
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School District Income Taxes and School Inputs: The Case of Ohio
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Nguyen-Hoang, Phuong
2014-01-01
This study is the first to explore the relationship between school district income taxes and school inputs (expenditures and student-teacher ratios) using Ohio as a case study. The study employed reduced-form expenditure functions on a data panel of 609 school districts between 1990 and 2010. Treating for the endogeneity of school district income…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Izu, JoAnn
Drawing on the Los Angeles Unified School District's experiences with charter schools, this brief highlights the difficulties in balancing the twin needs of charter-school autonomy and accountability, and their implications for the way in which charter schools and districts can work together. It identifies key challenges in district-school…
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Superintendents Describe Their Leadership Styles: Implications for Practice
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bird, James J.; Wang, Chuang
2013-01-01
Superintendents from eight southeastern United States school districts self-described their leadership styles across the choices of autocratic, laissez-faire, democratic, situational, servant, or transformational. When faced with this array of choices, the superintendents chose with arguable equitableness, indicating that successful leaders can…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Robert J.; Zehner, Mark R.
1996-01-01
In late 1994, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued new rules applicable to issuers of municipal securities (including school districts) concerning disclosure to the investment community. Describes how SEC's existing Rule 15c2-12 has been implemented. Discusses its purpose, jurisdiction, obligated persons, written…
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Instructional Rounds in Action
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roberts, John E.
2012-01-01
"Instructional Rounds in Action" is an invaluable guide for those involved in implementing instructional rounds as the foundation and framework for systemic improvement in schools. Over the past few years, districts across the United States, Canada, and Australia have begun implementing "instructional rounds," a set of ideas…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
What Works Clearinghouse, 2014
2014-01-01
The study examined the effects of "Process Assessment of the Learner" ("PAL"), a writing expression curriculum. The program was tested with second-grade students in a suburban-rural school district in the southeastern United States. Three sections of PAL lessons were implemented in the district as a small-group curriculum…
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Reforming Districts: How Districts Support School Reform. A Research Report. Document R-03-6
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
McLaughlin, Milbrey; Talbert, Joan
2003-01-01
School districts have participated in multiple rounds of education reform activity in the past few decades, yet few have made headway on system-wide school improvement. This paper addresses the questions of whether districts matter for school reform progress and what successful "reforming" districts do to achieve system change and to…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wiener, Steve
Soaring values of agricultural land have created inequities in funding between urban and rural school districts in Minnesota. The state's Foundation Aid to school districts is formulated so that districts of high property valuation receive less Foundation Aid than those districts with low property valuation. In recent years inflation has had…
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Merlo, Caitlin L; Michael, Shannon; Brener, Nancy D; Blanck, Heidi
2018-06-07
State agencies play a critical role in providing school districts with guidance and technical assistance on school nutrition issues, including food and beverage marketing practices. We examined associations between state-level guidance and the policies and practices in school districts regarding food and beverage marketing and promotion. State policy guidance was positively associated with districts prohibiting advertisements for junk food or fast food restaurants on school property. Technical assistance from states was negatively associated with 2 district practices to restrict marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages, but positively associated with 1 practice to promote healthy options. These findings may help inform the guidance that states provide to school districts and help identify which districts may need additional assistance to address marketing and promotion practices.
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Barr, Jason M.; Sadovnik, Alan R.; Visconti, Louisa
2006-01-01
This article compares student achievement of fourth graders in charter schools and district public schools in Newark, New Jersey. We find that Newark and New Jersey's charter schools mirror the educational inequalities of the state as a whole, as well as its Abbott Districts. The data indicate that charter schools are similar to district urban…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Busch, Douglas M.
2012-01-01
As school district revenues are reduced by state allocating agencies, local school district administrators and school boards frequently evaluate alternative sources of possible revenue. One emerging source of revenue that many school districts explore is a local education foundation. Local education foundations are 501(c)(3) nonprofit…
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No One Way: Differentiating School District Leadership and Support for School Improvement
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Anderson, Stephen E.; Mascall, Blair; Stiegelbauer, Suzanne; Park, Jaddon
2012-01-01
This article examines findings from a qualitative investigation of how school district administrators in four mid to large sized urban school districts (10,000-50,000) identify and address differences in school performance. The analysis explores the interaction between district policies and actions that centralize and standardize expectations for…
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Abbott Students Attending Charter Schools: Funding Disparities and Legal Implications
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Bulkley, Katrina
2007-01-01
Most of New Jersey's charter schools are located in the state's poorer, urban school districts, or "Abbott" districts, and exclusively serve students from those communities. A number of other schools are located outside of the Abbott districts but enroll students from these districts. Specifically, of the 50 charter schools operating in…
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Michigan School Privatization Survey 2009
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Hohman, James M.; Imhoff, Eric R.
2009-01-01
With Michigan's public school districts facing a decline in per-pupil funding, more districts are contracting out for at least one of the three major school support services--food, custodial and transportation--than ever before. This year's survey of school districts found that 44.6 percent of all Michigan school districts contract out for at…
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Culture: The Missing Link to Learning
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cross, Nathan; Howard, Kathleen; Pearson, Carl
2013-01-01
A high functioning school and district culture is an essential underpinning to all improvement efforts. Yet school and district culture can be difficult to assess. Culture is the cornerstone of all good districts and schools. It is the foundation for all school improvement efforts. As one looks deeper into the culture of a school or district, one…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Jones, Jan; And Others
This packet contains lesson plans and an evaluation for a janitorial unit designed to teach reading and writing skills to grocery store janitors. The lesson plans were developed, using the Laubach literacy method, for a workplace literacy project at Carr Grocery Store in Anchorage, Alaska. The lesson plans, which are correlated with Laubach skills…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Özdemir, Ahmet Sükrü; Yildiz, Filiz; Yildiz, Sevda Göktepe
2015-01-01
In this paper, our aim is to examine the effect of project based learning on 7th grade students' mathematical success in "Ratio, Proportion and Percentage" unit and attitudes towards mathematics. This study was implemented with 70 7th grade students of Atatürk Primary School in Eminönü District in Istanbul. Before starting the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Benzaquen, Eitan Yacov
2016-01-01
In April 2008, the Wisconsin Erie School District attempted and failed to pass a school bond referendum to renovate its high school. In November 2008, again the school district did not pass a referendum. Interestingly, in the 2009-2010 school year, the district was successful in passing a bond referendum. Although the original bond measure called…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dreier, William H.; Pilgrim, Ronald
In Winnebago County, Iowa, the earliest school district was the township, organized with ungraded one-room schools. The town of Buffalo Center worked with its township school district to become, in 1895, a town independent school district with its service area being the township. In 1896 the new district offered graded elementary and high schools.…
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Elementary and Secondary Civil Rights Survey, 1984. District Summary Volumes 1 and 2.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DBS Corp., Arlington, VA.
This 1984 survey was conducted to obtain data on the characteristics of public school students in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The 3,510 school districts selected to participate were statistically sampled from approximately 16,000 U.S. school districts, and the schools within the selected districts were subsampled: (1) all special…
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One-to-One Wisdom: Expert Tips on How to Approach Professional Development in Laptop Environments
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Cutter, Chris
2006-01-01
Laptop computing programs have been in K-12 schools since the 1990s, but in recent months one-to-one learning seems to have reemerged as a top topic in education technology circles. According to Tim Wiley, senior analyst at research firm Eduventures, about 1,000 of the 15,000 school districts in the United States currently have one-to-one…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Davis, Myron E.
2012-01-01
Technology has become more of a necessity for everyday use. It not only plays a crucial role in everyday use, it is also vital in the educational arena. Since the advent of the current technology age, technology has become an important educational tool in U.S. schools. Spending on technology. for K-12 education in the United States has jumped, and…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ashby, Cornelia M.; Franzel, Jeanette M.
2007-01-01
The D.C. School Choice Incentive Act created the first private kindergarten-through-grade-12 school-choice program supported by federal funds. The program was named the D.C. Opportunity Scholarship Program (OSP). The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) was asked to assess the (1) accountability mechanisms governing the use of…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Wilson, Sheryl Marie
2010-01-01
The Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) is used in the Cahokia Unit School District No. 187 to give insight on student academic skill level in terms of years and months. Teacher strategies and expertise in the area of education are an integral part of the educational process. Tenure status, or the years of teaching experience, is plagued with the…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Roome, Anna Kathryn
2016-01-01
The issue within education reform of high dropout rates has been an enduring problem for education in the United States (U.S.) since the 1960s. Dropping out of high school is associated with a broad range of social pathologies in adulthood, including poor job prospects, the propensity to engage in criminal behavior, out-of-wedlock births, low…
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Competition for Students in a Local School District
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Chisesi, Lawrence J.
2015-01-01
I study how competition played out between elementary schools in a Colorado school district. When the school board approved new schools without catchments, schools faced with declining catchment populations responded. Some schools adapted by altering programming away from the standard district curriculum. I model a school's success in recruiting…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Northwest Evaluation Association, 2016
2016-01-01
Blue Valley, the fourth largest school district in Kansas, covers 91 square miles. More than 20,000 K-12 students attend its 34 schools ( five high schools, nine middle schools, and 20 elementary schools). Of the district's students, 8% qualify for free and reduced lunch and about 3% are English Language Learners. Blue Valley began using Measures…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Ericson, John; Silverman, Debra; Berman, Paul; Nelson, Beryl; Solomon, Debra
This report examines the operational and educational changes that school administrators attribute to charter schools. It is part of the U.S. Department of Education's 4-year study to document and analyze the charter-school movement. The study asked two questions: What changes have districts made in district operations and district education that…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Aronin, Miriam; McDuffie, Thomas E., Jr.
2009-01-01
This article presents an interview with G. Kip Bollinger. G. Kip Bollinger currently works as a consultant for Intermediate Units, school districts, professional science societies, and science text and kit producers. He performs curriculum alignment, does assessment training, coaches science teachers, trains teachers in the use of specific…
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[Resources Unit, Edmonds School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edmonds School District 15, Lynnwood, WA.
This interdisciplinary program, developed for secondary students, contains 13 natural resource activities that can either be used directly in, or as a supplement to, curriculum in Science, Photography, Mathematics, Social Studies and English. The topics to be investigated include: raindrop impact, resource control, recycling, the world model,…
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[Air Pollution Unit, Edmonds School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edmonds School District 15, Lynnwood, WA.
This interdisciplinary program, developed for secondary students, contains 16 air pollution activities that can either be used directly in, or as a supplement to, curriculum in Science, Photography, Mathematics, English, Social Studies, Industrial Arts and Home Economics. The topics to be investigated include: pollutants from automobiles, exhaust…
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Water Quality Unit, Edmonds School District.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Edmonds School District 15, Lynnwood, WA.
This interdisciplinary program, developed for secondary students, contains 20 water quality activities that can either be used directly in, or as a supplement to, curriculum in Science, Home Economics and Industrial Arts, Mathematics, Health, English, and Social Studies. The topics investigated include: pollution analysis, industrial need,…
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Curriculum Guide Construction Cluster.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kline, Ken
As part of a model construction cluster curriculum development project, this guide was developed and implemented in the Beaverton (Oregon) School District. The curriculum guide contains 16 units covering the following topics: introduction to construction jobs; safety and first aid; blueprint readings; basic mathematics; site work; framing; roofing…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Dowling-Sendor, Benjamin
2002-01-01
Describes 6th Circuit Court of Appeals decision in "Cockrel v. Schelby County School District," involving a fifth-grade teacher's claim that she was unlawfully terminated for teaching a unit on the industrial use of hemp, thus violating her First Amendment right of free speech. (PKP)
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Elementary and Secondary Schools Civil Rights Survey, 1984. State Summaries.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
DBS Corp., Arlington, VA.
This 1984 survey was conducted to obtain data on the characteristics of public school students in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The 3,510 school districts selected to participate were statistically sampled from approximately 16,000 U.S. school districts, and the schools within the selected districts were subsampled: (1) all special…
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The Condition of Rural Education in Kentucky: A Profile.
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Coe, Pam; And Others
In Kentucky, 105 of 178 school districts, or 59%, are classified as rural. State law and administrative regulations presume that most school districts are both rural and isolated. The environment for rural schools in the state is heavily influenced by the fact that the majority of school districts are rural. Each school district must have a…
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ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Kaufman, Trent E.; Grimm, Emily Dolci; Miller, Allison E.
2012-01-01
How can districts bring instructional improvement to scale within and across schools? The authors of "Collaborative School Improvement" argue that districts can play a powerful part in helping schools build the capacity to engage in inquiry-based reform--but that this effort requires a shift in districts' traditional role as a professional…
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A Political Analysis of Community Influence over School Closure
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Finnigan, Kara S.; Lavner, Mark
2012-01-01
This study seeks to understand community member participation in and influence over an urban school district's school closure process. Data from interviews with School Board members, district administrators, and community members, as well as district documents and newspaper articles suggest that district administrators limited participation…
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Stock, Christiane; Bloomfield, Kim; Ejstrud, Bo; Vinther-Larsen, Mathilde; Meijer, Mathias; Grønbæk, Morten; Grittner, Ulrike
2012-06-01
This study sought to determine the influence of individual factors on active transportation to school among Danish seventh graders and whether school district factors are associated with such behaviour independently of individual factors. Mixed effects logistic regression models determined the effects of individual (gender, family affluence, enjoyment of school and academic performance) and school district factors (educational level, household savings, land use and size) on active transportation to school (by foot, bicycle or other active means) among 10 380 pupils aged 13-15 years nested in 407 school districts. Of all students, 64.4% used active transportation to school daily. Boys, those with perceived higher school performance and those with lower family affluence were more likely to use active transportation to school. After adjustment for all individual factors listed above, high household savings at the school district level was associated with higher odds of active transportation to school. As factors of land use, low level of farming land use and high proportion of single houses were associated with active transportation to school. Policies aiming at reducing social inequalities at the school district level may enhance active transportation to school. School districts with farming land use face barriers for active transportation to school, requiring special policy attention.