United States transportation fuel economics (1975 - 1995)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Alexander, A. D., III

1975-01-01

The United States transportation fuel economics in terms of fuel resources options, processing alternatives, and attendant economics for the period 1975 to 1995 are evaluated. The U.S. energy resource base is reviewed, portable fuel-processing alternatives are assessed, and selected future aircraft fuel options - JP fuel, liquid methane, and liquid hydrogen - are evaluated economically. Primary emphasis is placed on evaluating future aircraft fuel options and economics to provide guidance for future strategy of NASA in the development of aviation and air transportation research and technology.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Project Assistance

Science.gov Websites

emerging transportation technologies. For examples of successful projects, explore alternative transportation case studies. Find My Local Coalition ZIP Code or City and State Search Map of the United States stakeholders network to learn from one another's experiences and identify potential project partners. Technical

Evaluation of alternative pozzolanic materials for partial replacement of Portland cement in concrete.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2016-09-01

The supply of class F coal fly ash throughout the United States has recently diminished due to supply of natural gas and alternative energy sources as well as environmental restrictions. As a result, the concrete industry in the state of Florida has ...

Executive Summary: Forests of the Northern United States

Treesearch

Stephen R. Shifley; Francisco X. Aguilar; Nianfu Song; Susan I. Stewart; David J. Nowak; Dale D. Gormanson; W. Keith Moser; Sherri Wormstead; Eric J. Greenfield

2012-01-01

This executive summary provides an overview of the 200-page report, Forests of the Northern United States, which covers in detail current forest conditions, recent trends, issues, threats and opportunities in the forests in the 20 Northern States. It provides a context for subsequent Northern Forest Futures Project analyses that will forecast alternative future...

A review of HOV lane performance and policy options in the United States

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-12-01

The report provides an assessment of performance of existing HOV lane facilities in the United States, and explores policy alternatives and effects related to conversion of existing HOV lanes to HOT lane operations. The report includes sketch plannin...

27 CFR 26.331 - Alternate methods or procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Alternate methods or... Miscellaneous Provisions § 26.331 Alternate methods or procedures. (a) Application. A person bringing liquors into the United States from Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands who desires to use an alternate method or...

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Education in United States Pharmacy Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowell, Donna M.; Kroll, David J.

1998-01-01

Survey of 50 pharmacy schools investigated the degree to which instruction in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) was included in the pharmacy curriculum, and use of alternative practitioners as instructors. Almost three-quarters offered coursework in herbal medicine or other areas of CAM; about half offered other alternative medicine…

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Biodiesel Benefits

Science.gov Websites

provides safety benefits. Energy Security and Balance The United States imported 19% of its petroleum in energy balance meaning that biodiesel yields 4.56 units of energy for every unit of fossil energy

Estimated 2017 Refrigerant Emissions of 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene (HFC-1234yf) in the United States Resulting from Automobile Air Conditioning

EPA Science Inventory

In response to recent regulations and concern over climate change, the global automotive community is evaluating alternatives to the current refrigerant used in automobile air conditioning units, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, HFC-134a. One potential alternative is 2,3,3,3-tetrafluor...

Alternation between Work and Education. A Study of Educational Leave of Absence at Enterprise Level.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris (France). Centre for Educational Research and Innovation.

The study reported here involves six countries (Germany, Italy, Yugoslavia, United Kingdom, United States, and Sweden) and focuses on the ways in which those who are actively employed have access to opportunities to alternate education and training with their employment. The first chapter discusses the study structure and defines the field covered…

A double-risk monitoring and movement restriction policy for Ebola entry screening at airports in the United States.

PubMed

Jacobson, Sheldon H; Yu, Ge; Jokela, Janet A

2016-07-01

This paper provides an alternative policy for Ebola entry screening at airports in the United States. This alternative policy considers a social contact tracing (SCT) risk level, in addition to the current health risk level used by the CDC. The performances of both policies are compared based on the scenarios that occur and the expected cost associated with implementing such policies. Sensitivity analysis is performed to identify conditions under which one policy dominates the other policy. This analysis takes into account that the alternative policy requires additional data collection, which is balanced by a more cost-effective allocation of resources. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

49 CFR 565.24 - Motor vehicles imported into the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIREMENTS Alternative VIN Requirements In Effect for Limited Period § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into... 49 Transportation 6 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Motor vehicles imported into the United States...

49 CFR 565.24 - Motor vehicles imported into the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIREMENTS Alternative VIN Requirements In Effect for Limited Period § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into... 49 Transportation 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Motor vehicles imported into the United States...

49 CFR 565.24 - Motor vehicles imported into the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIREMENTS Alternative VIN Requirements In Effect for Limited Period § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into... 49 Transportation 6 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Motor vehicles imported into the United States...

49 CFR 565.24 - Motor vehicles imported into the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIREMENTS Alternative VIN Requirements In Effect for Limited Period § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into... 49 Transportation 6 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Motor vehicles imported into the United States...

49 CFR 565.24 - Motor vehicles imported into the United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) REQUIREMENTS Alternative VIN Requirements In Effect for Limited Period § 565.24 Motor vehicles imported into... 49 Transportation 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Motor vehicles imported into the United States...

USEPA'S SMALL DRINKING WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATIONS IN ECUADOR AND MEXICO

EPA Science Inventory

In order to support and help in the struggle to improve the quality of drinking water in the United States and abroad, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) conducts research studies for the demonstration and evaluation of alternative and innovative drinking w...

Ecological effects of variable retention harvests in the northwestern United States: the DEMO study.

Treesearch

Keith B. Aubry; Charles B. Halpern; Douglas A. Maguire

2004-01-01

The retention of trees in harvest units is an integral part of forest management practices on federal lands in the northwestern United States (U.S.), yet the ecological benefits that result from various levels or patterns of retained trees remain speculative. Large scale and long term silviculture experiments are needed to evaluate the effects of alternative forest...

Shoreside Alternative Energy Evaluation

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-09-01

U.S. Coast Guard Research and Development Center 1082 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340-6096 Report No. CG-D-02-02 SHORESIDE ALTERNATIVE ENERGY...standard, specification, or regulation. Marc B. Mandler, Ph.D. Technical Director United States Coast Guard Research & Development Center 1082 ...Coast Guard Research and Development Center 1082 Shennecossett Road Groton, CT 06340-6096 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) 11. Contract or Grant No. 12

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Natural Gas Fueling Station Locations

Science.gov Websites

or ZIP code or along a route in the United States. Loading alternative fueling station locator Fleet Rightsizing System Efficiency Locate Stations Search by Location Map a Route Laws & Incentives

The Search for Energy Alternatives: Responses Received by State Agricultural Experiment Stations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cross, William M.

Directors of the 51 agricultural experiment stations in the United States (including Guam) were mailed questionnaires inquiring as to the extent of requests which had been received for information about wind, solar, and other energy alternatives such as wood and gasahol. There was a total response of 88% with three mailings. The returned…

76 FR 3158 - Certain Starter Motors and Alternators; Notice of Investigation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-19

... 214064, China. American Automotive Parts, Inc., 7007 N. Austin Avenue, Niles, IL 60714. Motorcar Parts of... (``the `648 patent). The amended complaint further alleges that an industry in the United States exists... industry in the United States exists as required by subsection (a)(2) of section 337; (2) For the purpose...

Challenges of converting agricultural abundance to biofuels: Agricultural Research Service-United States Department of Agriculture Research

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The United States Government is aggressively promoting ethanol and alternative biofuels as a substitute for gasoline. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 enacted on December 19 targets production of 36 billion gallons of biofuels by 2022. Passage of this bill was motivated by recent s...

Quantifying and Monetizing Potential Climate Change Policy Impacts on Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Storage and Wildfires in the United States

EPA Science Inventory

This paper quantifies and monetizes climate change impacts on carbon stored in terrestrial vegetation and wildfire incidence in the contiguous United States to assess the benefits of alternative mitigation policies. The MC-1 dynamic global vegetation model was used to develop int...

Alternative ponderosa pine restoration treatments in the western United States

Treesearch

James McIver; Phillip Weatherspoon; Carl Edminster

2001-01-01

Compared to presettlement times, many ponderosa pine forests of the United States are now more dense and have greater quantities of fuels. Widespread treatments are needed in these forests to restore ecological integrity and to reduce the risk of uncharacteristically severe fires. Among possible restorative treatments, however, the appropriate balance among cuttings,...

Compilation of Theses Abstracts

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-12-01

Lieutenant, United States Navy Master of Business Administration–December 2004 Jonathan C. Byrom–Captain, United States Army Master of Business...Hyperspectral Imagery, Principal Components Analysis, Minimum Noise Transform ALTERNATE CONFIGURATIONS FOR BLOCKED-IMPURITY-BAND DETECTORS Jonathan C...Yew Sing Quek –Captain, Republic of Singapore Armed Forces B.E., Nanyang Technological University-Singapore, 1999 Master of Science in Combat

Biogas Potential in the United States (Fact Sheet)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

2013-10-01

Biogas has received increased attention as an alternative energy source in the United States. The factsheet provides information about the biogas (methane) potential from various sources in the country (by county and state) and estimates the power generation and transportation fuels production (renewable natural gas) potential from these biogas sources. It provides valuable information to the industry, academia and policy makers in support of their future decisions.

A comprehensive safety assessment methodology for innovative geometric designs.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-05-01

As the population grows and travel demands increase, alternative interchange designs have become increasingly popular. The diverging diamond interchange is an alternative design that has been implemented in the United States. This design can accommod...

HOMOGENEOUS CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN ALTERNATIVE SOLVENTS

EPA Science Inventory

Homogeneous Catalytic Oxidations of Hydrocarbons in Alternative Solvent Systems

Michael A. Gonzalez* and Thomas M. Becker, Sustainable Technology Division, Office of Research and Development; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, ...

Alternative jet fuel scenario analysis report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-30

This analysis presents a bottom up projection of the potential production of alternative aviation (jet) fuels in North America (United States, Canada, and Mexico) and the European Union in the next decade. The analysis is based on available pla...

Complementary and Alternative Therapies

PubMed Central

Moore, Mary Lou

2002-01-01

Complementary and alternative therapies are increasingly used by many pregnant women in the United States; however, limited research is available on many therapies. The number of studies should increase with the establishment of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine by the National Institutes of Health. This column reviews recent studies of both herbal medicines and alternative therapies used in pregnancy. PMID:17273285

Alternative Certification for Science Teachers: Policy and Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhao, Yijie

2005-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to review literature on the alternative certification policy so as to identify key features and issues as the basis for suggesting a more systematic approach to the study of the policy efforts. Alternative teacher certification has become a proliferating phenomenon in the United States in response to current and…

Influence of various alternative bedding materials on pododermatitis in broilers raised in a built-up litter system

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Broilers in the United States are frequently raised on built-up litter systems, primarily bedded with pine wood chips (shavings) or sawdust. There is continuing interest in alternative bedding materials as pine products are often in short supply and prices rise accordingly. Alternative bedding mat...

Alternatives to Evolutionism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harper, G. H.

1979-01-01

Discusses alternative theories to evolutionism. Five theories are mentioned, but most attention is given to the steady state theory of species which the author considers the most suitable partner for Darwinism in O- and A-level biology courses in the United Kingdom. (HM)

AVTA Federal Fleet PEV Readiness Data Logging and Characterization Study for United States Coast Guard Headquarters

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Schey, Stephen; Francfort, Jim

2015-05-01

Federal agencies are mandated to purchase alternative fuel vehicles, increase consumption of alternative fuels, and reduce petroleum consumption. Available plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) provide an attractive option in the selection of alternative fuel vehicles. PEVs, which consist of both battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), have significant advantages over internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles in terms of energy efficiency, reduced petroleum consumption, and reduced production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and they provide performance benefits with quieter, smoother operation. This study intended to evaluate the extent to which the United States Coast Guard Headquarters (USCG HQ)more » could convert part or all of their fleet of vehicles from petroleum-fueled vehicles to PEVs.« less

Alternative method to validate the seasonal land cover regions of the conterminous United States

Treesearch

Zhiliang Zhu; Donald O. Ohlen; Raymond L. Czaplewski; Robert E. Burgan

1996-01-01

An accuracy assessment method involving double sampling and the multivariate composite estimator has been used to validate the prototype seasonal land cover characteristics database of the conterminous United States. The database consists of 159 land cover classes, classified using time series of 1990 1-km satellite data and augmented with ancillary data including...

Giftedness as Property: Troubling Whiteness, Wealth, and Gifted Education in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mansfield, Katherine Cumings

2015-01-01

The purposes of this article are to illumine the racist genealogy of gifted education policies and practices in the United States, to demonstrate how deficit discourses continue today, and to provide personal examples from the field of how educators can begin to question the status quo, resist taken-for-granted assumptions, and alternatively make…

3 CFR 8611 - Proclamation 8611 of December 2, 2010. 40th Anniversary of the Environmental Protection Agency

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... President of the United States of America A Proclamation From the air we breathe to the water we drink, the... drinking water. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created in 1970 to protect... through pollution prevention and the development of clean-energy alternatives to fossil fuels. The...

Energy: A Guide to Organizations and Information Resources in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for California Public Affairs, Claremont.

A central source of information on the key organizations concerned with energy in the United States has been compiled. Chapter 2 covers organizations involved with broad questions of energy policy; Chapters 2-6 describe organizations having to do with sources of energy: oil, natural gas, coal, water power, nuclear fission, and alternate sources;…

Evaluating fuel complexes for fire hazard mitigation planning in the southeastern United States

Treesearch

Anne G. Andreu; Dan Shea; Bernard R. Parresol; Roger D. Ottmar

2012-01-01

Fire hazard mitigation planning requires an accurate accounting of fuel complexes to predict potential fire behavior and effects of treatment alternatives. In the southeastern United States, rapid vegetation growth coupled with complex land use history and forest management options requires a dynamic approach to fuel characterization. In this study we assessed...

Changing Times: The Use of Reduced Work Time Options in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olmsted, Barney

1983-01-01

This article addresses the increase in voluntary reduced work time arrangements that have developed in the United States in response to growing interest in alternatives to the standardized approach to scheduling. Permanent part-time employment, job sharing, and voluntary reduced work time plans are defined, described and, to a limited extent,…

Synthesis of the project leadership staffing needs for successful development of alternative delivery programs.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-08-01

This research provides a synthesis of practices in organizational structuring and professional staffing of the innovative delivery units in several state DOTs across the nation that are actively utilizing alternative project delivery. Several major c...

Alternative methods of ophthalmic treatment in Russia.

PubMed

Vader, L

1994-04-01

Russian ophthalmic nurses and physicians are using alternative methods of treatment to supplement traditional eye care. As acupuncture and iridology become more popular in the United States, ophthalmic nurses need to be more knowledgeable about these treatments and the implications for patients.

US Spending On Complementary And Alternative Medicine During 2002–08 Plateaued, Suggesting Role In Reformed Health System

PubMed Central

Davis, Matthew A.; Martin, Brook I.; Coulter, Ian D.; Weeks, William B.

2013-01-01

Complementary and alternative medicine services in the United States are an approximately $9 billion market each year, equal to 3 percent of national ambulatory health care expenditures. Unlike conventional allopathic health care, complementary and alternative medicine is primarily paid for out of pocket, although some services are covered by most health insurance. Examining trends in demand for complementary and alternative medicine services in the United States reported in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey during 2002–08, we found that use of and spending on these services, previously on the rise, have largely plateaued. The higher proportion of out-of-pocket responsibility for payment for services may explain the lack of growth. Our findings suggest that any attempt to reduce national health care spending by eliminating coverage for complementary and alternative medicine would have little impact at best. Should some forms of complementary and alternative medicine—for example, chiropractic care for back pain—be proven more efficient than allopathic and specialty medicine, the inclusion of complementary and alternative medicine providers in new delivery systems such as accountable care organizations could help slow growth in national health care spending. PMID:23297270

Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Treatment of Food Allergy.

PubMed

Li, Xiu-Min

2018-02-01

The prevalence of food allergy is increasing. Food allergy can be life threatening and there is no approved treatment available. Allergen avoidance and rescue medication remain the sole management tools. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is common in the United States. However, research into safety and efficacy for food allergy is limited. Continued scientific research into food allergy herbal formula 2 (FAHF-2), refined methods of formulation, purified compounds, and other modalities are needed. Traditional Chinese medicine is the main component of CAM in the United States. Conventional doctors, CAM practitioners, and patients' families must collaborate to comanage these patients. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 63.775 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... operator of a glycol dehydration unit subject to this subpart that is exempt from the control requirements for glycol dehydration unit process vents in § 63.765, is exempt from all reporting requirements for....0 or higher and documentation stating why the TEG dehydration unit must operate using the alternate...

40 CFR 96.212 - Changing CAIR designated representative and alternate CAIR designated representative; changes in...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... BUDGET TRADING PROGRAM AND CAIR NOX AND SO2 TRADING PROGRAMS FOR STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS CAIR Designated Representative for CAIR SO2 Sources § 96.212 Changing CAIR designated representative and alternate... CAIR SO2 source and the CAIR SO2 units at the source. (b) Changing alternate CAIR designated...

Hybrid poplars: fast-growing, disease-resistant species has multiple uses

Treesearch

Ronald S., Jr. Zalesny

2004-01-01

The production of alternative fuels as a source of energy is a focus of concern in the United States. Intensively cultured hybrid poplar plantations have been used to supplement industrial fiber supplies in several areas of the United States, and have therefore gained attention in the North Central region. Attention is focused on poplars because they are fast growing...

Wood used in residential repair and remodeling in the United States, 2014

Treesearch

Joe Elling; David B. McKeever

2018-01-01

The repair, remodeling, and renovation of existing residential structures and properties has been, and continues to be, a vital market for the use of wood products in the United States. This market is either the first or second largest market (alternating with new residential construction) for a number of wood products including softwood lumber, engineered wood...

Historical trends and projections of land use for the South-Central United States.

Treesearch

SoEun Ahn; Andrew J. Plantinga; Ralph J. Alig

2000-01-01

This report presents historical trends and future projections of forest, agricultural, and urban and other land uses for the South-Central United States. A land use share model is used to investigate the relation between the areas of land in alternative uses and economic and demographic factors influencing land use decisions. Two different versions of the empirical...

Are wildfire management resources in the United States efficiently allocated to protect resources at risk? A case study from Montana

Treesearch

Derek T. O' Donnell; Tyron J. Venna; David E. Calkin

2014-01-01

Federal wildfire management agencies in the United States are under substantial pressure to reduce and economically justify their expenditures. To support economically efficient management of wildfires, managers need better estimates of the resource benefits and avoided damage costs associated with alternative wildfire management strategies. This paper reports findings...

An Overview of Elementary Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future with Its Organization, Nature of Program and Teaching Strategies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aksoy, Naciye

Overwhelming scientific and anecdotal evidence indicates that the elementary school experience significantly shapes children's lives. This report examines the history of elementary education, and describes alternatives such as nongraded schools. The first part of the report describes the roots of elementary education in the United States,…

Theory and Techniques for Assessing the Demand and Supply of Outdoor Recreation in the United States

Treesearch

H. Ken Cordell; John C. Bergstrom

1989-01-01

As the central analysis for the 1989 Renewable Resources planning Act Assessment, a household market model covering 37 recreational activities was computed for the United States. Equilibrium consumption and costs were estimated, as were likely future changes in consumption and costs in response to expected demand growth and alternative development and access policies...

Steady-state temperature distribution within a Brayton rotating unit operating in a power conversion system using helium-xenon gas

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnsen, R. L.; Namkoong, D.; Edkin, R. A.

1971-01-01

The Brayton rotating unit (BRU), consisting of a turbine, an alternator, and a compressor, was tested as part of a Brayton cycle power conversion system over a side range of steady state operating conditions. The working fluid in the system was a mixture of helium-xenon gases. Turbine inlet temperature was varied from 1200 to 1600 F, compressor inlet temperature from 60 to 120 F, compressor discharge pressure from 20 to 45 psia, rotative speed from 32 400 to 39 600 rpm, and alternator liquid-coolant flow rate from 0.01 to 0.27 pound per second. Test results indicated that the BRU internal temperatures were highly sensitive to alternator coolant flow below the design value of 0.12 pound per second but much less so at higher values. The armature winding temperature was not influenced significantly by turbine inlet temperature, but was sensitive, up to 20 F per kVA alternator output, to varying alternator output. When only the rotational speed was changed (+ or - 10% of rated value), the BRU internal temperatures varied directly with the speed.

GREEN CATALYZED OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN ALTERNATIVE SOLVENT SYSTEMS GENERATED BY PARIS II

EPA Science Inventory

Green Catalyzed Oxidation of Hydrocarbons in Alternative Solvent Systems Generated by PARIS II

Michael A. Gonzalez*, Thomas M. Becker, and Paul F. Harten; Sustainable Technology Division, Office of Research and Development; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26...

50 CFR 81.14 - Comprehensive plan alternative.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Comprehensive plan alternative. 81.14 Section 81.14 Wildlife and Fisheries UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE SPORT FISH RESTORATION PROGRAM CONSERVATION OF ENDANGERED AND...

A Robust Alternative to the Normal Distribution.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-07-07

for any Purpose of the United States Governuent DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS t -, STANFORD UIVERSITY I STANFORD, CALIFORNIA A Robust Alternative to the...Stanford University Technical Report No. 3. [5] Bhattacharya, S. K. (1966). A Modified Bessel Function lodel in Life Testing. Metrika 10, 133-144

Lease vs. Purchase Analysis of Alternative Fuel Vehicles in the United States Marine Corps

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

data (2004 to 2009) for the largest populations of AFVs in the light-duty category and then apply a model that will compare the two alternatives based...the largest populations of AFVs in the light-duty category and then apply a model that will compare the two alternatives based on their relative net...28 IV. THE MODEL

Lease VS Purchase Analysis of Alternative Fuel Vehicles in the United States Marine Corps

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-10-30

the light-duty category and then apply a model that will compare the two alternatives based on their relative net present values. An aggregated view of... model that will compare the two alternatives based on their relative net present values. An aggregated view of several different light-duty AFV...Summary .......................................................................................32  IV.  The Model

40 CFR 63.775 - Reporting requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... documentation stating why the TEG dehydration unit must operate using the alternate glycol circulation rate. (iv... facility will always operate the glycol dehydration unit using the optimum circulation rate determined in... dehydration unit located at an area source that meets the criteria in § 63.764(e)(1)(i) or § 63.764(e)(1)(ii...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Propane Fueling Station Locations

Science.gov Websites

petroleum gas (propane) fueling stations near an address or ZIP code or along a route in the United States Location Map a Route Laws & Incentives Search Federal State Key Legislation Data & Tools Widgets

A comparative life-cycle assessment of briquetting logging residues and lumber manufacturing coproducts in western United States

Treesearch

Sevda Alanya-Rosenbaum; Richard D. Bergman; Indroneil Ganguly; Francesca Pierobon

2018-01-01

Timber harvest activities in the western United States have resulted in large volumes of low- to no-value logging (forest) residues. Alternatives to pile-and-burning are needed to best utilize this material and to mitigate the resultant environmental impacts. Briquetting (densifying) forest residues near-woods is one such option and is the focus of this study. This...

Improved accuracy of aboveground biomass and carbon estimates for live trees in forests of the eastern United States

Treesearch

Philip Radtke; David Walker; Jereme Frank; Aaron Weiskittel; Clara DeYoung; David MacFarlane; Grant Domke; Christopher Woodall; John Coulston; James Westfall

2017-01-01

Accurate estimation of forest biomass and carbon stocks at regional to national scales is a key requirement in determining terrestrial carbon sources and sinks on United States (US) forest lands. To that end, comprehensive assessment and testing of alternative volume and biomass models were conducted for individual tree models employed in the component ratio method (...

Gasoline: The Achilles Heel of U.S. Energy Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-03-01

reduce demand for petroleum, improve energy efficiency, and develop feasible alternative energy solutions to include emission capture technologies. The...United States remains the largest consumer of energy products in the world and is the second leading producer of green house gas (GHG) emissions ...energy solutions to include emission capture technologies. The United States remains the largest consumer of energy products in the world and is the

The greenhouse gas and energy impacts of using wood instead of alternatives in residential construction in the United States

Treesearch

Brad Upton; Reid Miner; Mike Spinney; Linda S. Heath

2008-01-01

Data developed by the Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials were used to estimate savings of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption associated with use of wood-based building materials in residential construction in the United States. Results indicate that houses with wood-based wall systems require 15-16% less total energy for non-heating/...

Pattern and frequency of use of complementary and alternative medicine among patients with epilepsy in the midwestern United States.

PubMed

Liow, Kore; Ablah, Elizabeth; Nguyen, John C; Sadler, Toni; Wolfe, Deborah; Tran, Ky-Dieu; Guo, Lisa; Hoang, Tina

2007-06-01

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is recognized to be commonly used by patients, yet there have been few studies regarding the scope of CAM use by patients with epilepsy. This study assessed usage and perceptions of CAM by patients with epilepsy in the midwest of the United States. A 25-item survey was administered to adult patients with epilepsy, and data were collected from 228 patients. The survey collected demographics, specific CAM usage, adverse effects of CAM therapy, and perceptions of the effectiveness of CAM. Thirty-nine percent reported using CAM; 25% reported using CAM specifically for their epilepsy. Prayer/spirituality was the most commonly used form of CAM (46%), followed by "mega" vitamins (25%), chiropractic care (24%), and stress management (16%). CAM use is common among midwestern patients with epilepsy, although the pattern of use may be slightly different than in other regions of the United States and elsewhere.

An alternative transportation fuels update : a case study of the developing E85 industry.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-10-01

As the United States imports more than half of its oil and overall consumption continues to climb, : the 1992 Energy Policy Act established the goal of having alternative fuels replace at least ten : percent of petroleum fuels used in the trans...

Psychotherapy vs. Medication for Depression: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antonuccio, David; And Others

Antidepressant medications are the most popular treatment for depression in the United States, despite the fact that there may be more effective and safer alternatives. This paper discusses alternative, effective psychological interventions for unipolar depression. Studies that compare and contrast psychological and pharmacological treatments for…

Earth Observatory Satellite system definition study. Report no. 3: Design/cost tradeoff studies. Appendix E: EOS program supporting system trade data. Part 2: System trade studies no. 9 - 19

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1974-01-01

The relative merits of several international data acquisition (IDA) alternatives for the Earth Observatory Satellite (EOS) are established and rated on a cost effectiveness basis. The primary alternatives under consideration are: (1) direct transmission to foreign ground stations, (2) a wideband video tape recorder system for collection of foreign data and processing and distribution from the United States, and (3) a tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) system for the relay of foreign data to the United States for processing and distribution. A requirements model is established for the analysis on the basis of the heaviest concentration of agricultural areas around the world. The model, the orbit path and the constraints of EOS and data volume summaries are presented. Alternative system descriptions and costs are given in addition to cost-performance summaries.

Development of sinkholes resulting from man's activities in the Eastern United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Newton, John G.

1987-01-01

Alternatives that allow avoiding or minimizing sinkhole hazards are most numerous when a problem or potential problem is recognized during site evaluation. The number of alternatives declines after the beginning of site development. Where sinkhole development is predictable, zoning of land use can minimize hazards.

The Evolution of Discipline: Alternative to Suspension Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Streva, Michael A.

Historically, the chosen method of discipline in United States schools has gone from corporal punishment to an emphasis on suspension. Recently, as principals have become less certain about the extent of their authority to suspend students, many inschool programs have been developed as alternatives to suspension. Among the advantages of such…

World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaap, Eileen, Ed.; Fresen, Sue, Ed.

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The unit focuses on world history and correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards. It is divided into the following 21 units of study that…

What the United Kingdom Can Teach the United States about School Uniforms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walmsley, Angela

2011-01-01

School uniforms are commonplace in the United Kingdom and seem to help promote students' respect for the teachers, the school, and themselves. Parents like the uniforms because they see it as a less expensive alternative. Teachers say they appreciate school uniforms because they help students focus on school and not each other's clothes. However,…

Overview of a Project to Quantify Seismic Performance Factors for Cross Laminated Timber Structures in the United States

Treesearch

M. Omar Amini; John W. van de Lindt; Shiling Pei; Douglas Rammer; Phil Line; Marjan Popovski

2014-01-01

Cross-laminated Timber (CLT) has been extensively used in Europe and is now gaining momentum in North America; both Canada and more recently the U.S. Construction projects have shown that CLT can effectively be used as an alternative construction material in mid-rise structures and has significant potential in commercial and industrial buildings. In the United States,...

The future of housing in the United States: an econometric model of long-term predictions for the 2000 RPA timber assessment.

Treesearch

Claire A. Montgomery

2001-01-01

This report presents historical trends and future projections of forest, agricultural, and urban and other land uses for the South-Central United States. A land use share model is used to investigate the relation between the areas of land in alternative uses and economic and demographic factors influencing land use decisions. Two different versions of the empirical...

Inventory of Power Plants in the United States, October 1992

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The Inventory of Power Plants in the United States is prepared annually by the Survey Management Division, Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels, Energy Information Administration (EIA), US Department of Energy (DOE). The purpose of this publication is to provide year-end statistics about electric generating units operated by electric utilities in the United States (the 50 States and the District of Columbia). The publication also provides a 10-year outlook of future generating unit additions. Data summarized in this report are useful to a wide audience including Congress, Federal and State agencies, the electric utility industry, and the generalmore » public. Data presented in this report were assembled and published by the EIA to fulfill its data collection and dissemination responsibilities as specified in the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-275) as amended. The report is organized into the following chapters: Year in Review, Operable Electric Generating Units, and Projected Electric Generating Unit Additions. Statistics presented in these chapters reflect the status of electric generating units as of December 31, 1992.« less

A Constructive Response to the APU.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Galton, Maurice

1979-01-01

Suggesting that, like the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in the United States, Britain's Assessment of Performance Unit is likely to evoke opposition, the author proposes a teacher-based assessment system as an alternative. (SJL) Aspect of National Assessment (NAEP) dealt with in this document: Procedures (Evaluation).

Green Acquisition Gap Analysis of the United States Air Force Operational Contracting Organizations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-10

reducing demand, increasing supply through renewable and alternative sources, and changing the culture,” and that “for the last several years … the...less toxic alternatives . Abstract Metrics This section presents the abstract metrics identified in EO 13514.  Increase renewable energy and...purchase energy- efficient (Energy Star) products and requires increased use of alternative fuels. In addition, this regulation requires an overall

Implementing the "Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning" to Assist Leaders in Retaining Alternatively Certified Teachers: Six National Recommendations for Improving Education in the United States of America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butcher, Jennifer; Kritsonis, William Allan

2008-01-01

With both high retirement and high attrition rates among educators and a nationwide increasing student population, more teachers are needed. With the impact of a teacher shortage, educational systems began to examine the alternative certification methods. Alternative routes to teacher education profoundly impact the teaching force. The "Ways…

Assessing agreement among alternative climate change projections to inform conservation recommendations in the contiguous United States.

PubMed

Belote, R Travis; Carroll, Carlos; Martinuzzi, Sebastián; Michalak, Julia; Williams, John W; Williamson, Matthew A; Aplet, Gregory H

2018-06-21

Addressing uncertainties in climate vulnerability remains a challenge for conservation planning. We evaluate how confidence in conservation recommendations may change with agreement among alternative climate projections and metrics of climate exposure. We assessed agreement among three multivariate estimates of climate exposure (forward velocity, backward velocity, and climate dissimilarity) using 18 alternative climate projections for the contiguous United States. For each metric, we classified maps into quartiles for each alternative climate projections, and calculated the frequency of quartiles assigned for each gridded location (high quartile frequency = more agreement among climate projections). We evaluated recommendations using a recent climate adaptation heuristic framework that recommends emphasizing various conservation strategies to land based on current conservation value and expected climate exposure. We found that areas where conservation strategies would be confidently assigned based on high agreement among climate projections varied substantially across regions. In general, there was more agreement in forward and backward velocity estimates among alternative projections than agreement in estimates of local dissimilarity. Consensus of climate predictions resulted in the same conservation recommendation assignments in a few areas, but patterns varied by climate exposure metric. This work demonstrates an approach for explicitly evaluating alternative predictions in geographic patterns of climate change.

Domestic Options to Offshore Oil and Gas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kash, Don E.

1983-01-01

The continuing controversey over offshore oil/gas has given impetus to searching for domestic energy alternatives. The need for and types of several alternative sources are discussed. Indicates that the United States needs to pursue both offshore and other domestic liquid-fuel sources if it is to avoid becoming increasingly dependent on imports.…

Exploring Alternative Fuels in Middle Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donley, John F.; Stewardson, Gary A.

2010-01-01

Alternative energy sources have become increasingly important as the production of domestic oil has declined and dependence on foreign oil has increased. Historically, there have been four time periods during which the United States was in fact crippled by oil shortages. These time periods include: (1) the early 1900s; (2) World War II; (3) the…

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Tier 3 Vehicle and Gasoline Sulfur Program The Tier 3 Vehicle and Gasoline Sulfur Program requires run on gasoline, diesel, or alternative fuels. Additionally, this program requires gasoline refiners and importers to reduce the sulfur content of gasoline sold in the United States. For more information

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles

Science.gov Websites

-sector vehicle fleets are the primary users for most of these fuels and vehicles, but individual conventional fuels and vehicles helps the United States conserve fuel and lower vehicle emissions. Biodiesel , animal fats, or recycled cooking grease for use in diesel vehicles. Icon of a vehicle Diesel Vehicles

Educating Tomorrow's Science Teachers: STEM ACT Conference Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sternheim, Morton M.; Feldman, Allan; Berger, Joseph B.; Zhao, Yijie

2008-01-01

This document reports on the findings of an NSF-funded conference (STEM ACT) on the alternative certification of science teachers. The conference explored the issues that have arisen in science education as a result of the proliferation of alternative certification programs in the United States, and to identify the research that needs to be done…

GREEN CATALYZED OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN ALTERNATIVE SOLVENT SYSTEMS GENERATED BY PARIS II DECHEMA; GREEN SOLVENTS FOR CATALYSIS - ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGN REACTION MEDIA

EPA Science Inventory

Green catalyzed oxidation of hydrocarbons in alternative solvent systems generated by PARIS II
Thomas M. Becker, Michael A. Gonzalez, Paul F. Harten; Sustainable Technology Division, Office of Research and Development; United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Mar...

The Growing Need To Teach about Complementary and Alternative Medicine: Questions and Challenges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frenkel, Moshe; Ben Ayre, Eran

2001-01-01

Reports on curriculum developments in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Germany, Canada, and the United States that illustrate various approaches to the question, "What should be taught in a CAM course?" In most cases, the approach is to teach about CAM therapies, although some curriculum planners are integrating such…

32 CFR Attachment 2 to Part 855 - Weather Alternate List

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Weather Alternate List 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIRCRAFT CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE OF UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AIRFIELDS Pt. 855, Att. 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855—Weather...

32 CFR Attachment 2 to Part 855 - Weather Alternate List

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Weather Alternate List 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIRCRAFT CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE OF UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AIRFIELDS Pt. 855, Att. 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855—Weather...

32 CFR Attachment 2 to Part 855 - Weather Alternate List

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Weather Alternate List 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIRCRAFT CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE OF UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AIRFIELDS Pt. 855, Att. 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855—Weather...

32 CFR Attachment 2 to Part 855 - Weather Alternate List

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Weather Alternate List 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIRCRAFT CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE OF UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AIRFIELDS Pt. 855, Att. 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855—Weather...

32 CFR Attachment 2 to Part 855 - Weather Alternate List

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 32 National Defense 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Weather Alternate List 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIRCRAFT CIVIL AIRCRAFT USE OF UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AIRFIELDS Pt. 855, Att. 2 Attachment 2 to Part 855—Weather...

Mathematics and Science Teaching for New Alternative Certification Teachers. Editor's Perspective Article

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, Brian R.

2014-01-01

Mathematics and science education has increasingly become more important for students in our globally competitive society. New alternative certification teachers, particularly in mathematics and science, need to support student learning in these areas in order for the United States to stay globally competitive. This article presents some ideas…

Connecting University Course Work and Practitioner Knowledge through Mediated Field Experiences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, Sara Sunshine; Dunleavy, Teresa K.

2016-01-01

Teacher preparation in the United States, both university based and alternative, has been strongly critiqued as ineffective when it comes to preparing new teachers. Although many criticisms have been directed at alternative teacher education, this article focuses on university-based teacher education because approximately 70% of our nation's…

The Alternative Media's Values for the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jassem, Harvey C.

There are thousands of alternative media outlets in the United States. By definition, they differ from the mainstream dominant media. The idea that the media represent and promulgate societal values is widely held. While not monolithic, the dominant media which grew alongside mass industrialization share an overriding bias. The dominant media…

77 FR 66663 - Senior Executive Service; Combined Performance Review Board (PRB)

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-06

... Director, BPD; Leonard R. Olijar, Chief Financial Officer/Associate Director, BEP; Beverly Ortega Babers, Chief Administrative Officer, United States Mint; Cheri Mitchell, Chief Financial Officer/Assistant... States Mint; Mary G. Ryan, Deputy Administrator, TTB. Alternate Members Marty Greiner, Chief Financial...

Back-Up Generator Facility and Associated Project Environmental Assessment Dyess Air Force Base, Texas

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-07-01

waste, or solid waste management would be expected with implementation of the no-action alternative. Soils and Water. Impacts to soils and water...resources would be negligible. Construction would disturb about 2.5 acres, but best management practices such as silt fencing and soil surface watering...Intergovernmental Coordination for Environmental Planning tpy U.S. tons per year United States IWMP Integrated Waste Management Plan USACE United States

Installation Restoration Program Stage 3. Remedial Investigation/ Feasibility Study Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. Volume 2. Section 5 - Bibliography Text

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-05-01

ELME’IDORF AFB, AK UNITED STATES AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL & ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LABORATORY (AFSC) ilb(. IiCAL Sr.(VICES DIVISION (AFOEHLi £3) I BROOKS AIR...UNITED STATES AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LABORATORY (AFSC) TECHNICAL SERVICES DIVISION (AFOEHL/TS) BROOKS AIR FORCE BASE, TEXAS...the following criteria: technical feasibility, institutional requirements, environmental impacts, public health impacts, and cost. This Alternative

Innovative Alternatives to Lifting Overturned Military Vehicles

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-04-25

NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS( ES ) United States Air Force Academy,Washington,DC,20301 8...PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS( ES ) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S) 11. SPONSOR...Initial testing of the prototype involved using a SATEC load frame to apply a load. As previously stated, during the first test the design failed

Constructing a State Policy To Promote Regionalism in School Government.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zukowsky, Jerome; And Others.

This paper defines regionalism, sets some tentative directions for the concept, and raises difficult questions related to its application in New York State. Regionalism, which offers an alternative to a State-local school governing system, is used to decentralize the planning and management of public services. A regional unit permits district…

School Money Trials: The Legal Pursuit of Educational Adequacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Martin R., Ed.; Peterson, Paul E., Ed.

2007-01-01

Adequacy lawsuits have, with little fanfare, emerged as a major alternative strategy in the pursuit of improved public education in the United States. Plaintiffs allege insufficient resources to provide students with the quality of education promised in their state's constitution, hoping the courts will step in and order the state to increase…

Solar energy alternatives for the United States Embassy and for rural development projects within the Republic of Upper Volta

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kern, E.C. Jr.

1978-03-07

This report is organized in three sections/: solar cooling options for the new Embassy office building, electrification of Fada N' Gourma using solar photovolatic versus conventional energy systems and an overview of the potential for village solar photovoltaic energy utilization in Upper Volta. The analysis indicates that the least-cost alternative for cooling the new offices is to modify existing plans, which call for standard electric room air conditioning units, and to incorporate energy conservation measures in the building construction and operation.

Healing the victim, the young offender, and the community via restorative justice: an international perspective.

PubMed

Goren, S

2001-03-01

The 1990s saw the enactment of much "get tough with young offenders" legislation in the United States. At the same, problems with our present punishment and treatment model, in which many youngsters cycle repeatedly through the justice and mental health systems, raised interest in restorative justice, a community-based alternative model emphasizing a balanced, negotiated approach to the needs of victims, offenders, and the community. After summarizing the philosophical bases underlying both models, this article describes the practice of restorative justice in New Zealand, where it was pioneered. Restorative justice has special relevance for Maori community in New Zealand and minority communities in the United States, where youth are consistently overrepresented in the courts, detention centers, and jails, and in which the juvenile justice system is seen as hostile and biased. Outcome data from New Zealand and early outcome research from the United States suggest that the restorative model, in which offenses are understood as a breakdown in social bonds, offers a hopeful alternative for offending youngsters, their families, and their communities.

Green Acquisition Gap Analysis of the United States Air Force Operational Contracting Organizations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

alternative sources, and changing the culture,” and that “for the last several years … the Air Force has led the way in this area.” Furthermore...less-toxic alternatives . Abstract Metrics • Increase renewable energy and renewable energy generation on agency property; • Pursue opportunities...agencies to purchase energy- efficient (Energy Star) products and requires increased use of alternative fuels. In addition, this regulation requires

40 CFR Appendix G to Part 60 - Provisions for an Alternative Method of Demonstrating Compliance With 40 CFR 60.43 for the Newton...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... § 60.43(e), he shall notify the Regional Administrator, of the United States Environmental Protection....1For Unit 1: 4.2.1.1Sulfur dioxide, oxygen or carbon dioxide, and volumetric flow rate for the Unit 1 DAFGDS stack. 4.2.1.2Sulfur dioxide, oxygen or carbon dioxide, and volumetric flow rate for the Unit 1...

Technical/ administrative options for managing tritium MCL exceedances in P-area groundwater and Steel Creek

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ross, J.

2017-04-01

This white paper was requested by the Core Team (United States Department of Energy [USDOE], United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], and South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control [SCDHEC]) at the P-Area Groundwater (PAGW) Operable Unit (OU) Scoping Meeting held in January 2017 to discuss recent data and potential alternatives in support of a focused Corrective Measures Study/Feasibility Study (CMS/FS). This white paper presents an overview of the problem, and a range of technical and administrative options for addressing the tritium contamination in groundwater and Steel Creek. As tritium cannot be treated practicably, alternatives are limited to mediamore » transfer, containment and natural attenuation principally relying on radioactive decay. Using other groundwater OU decisions involving tritium as precedent, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions (SRNS) recommends that final tritium alternatives be evaluated in a CMS/FS, understanding that the likely preferred remedy will include natural attenuation with land use controls (LUCs). This is based on the inability to significantly reduce tritium impact to Steel Creek using an engineered solution as compared to natural attenuation. The timing of this evaluation could be conducted concurrently with the final remedy evaluation for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).« less

At-Risk Students' Perceptions of Traditional Schools and a Solution-Focused Public Alternative School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lagana-Riordan, Christine; Aguilar, Jemel P.; Franklin, Cynthia; Streeter, Calvin L.; Kim, Johnny S.; Tripodi, Stephen J.; Hopson, Laura M.

2011-01-01

Recent trends in education have drawn attention to students at risk of school failure and dropout in the United States. Alternative schools are one method for preventing the severe and long-lasting consequences of underachievement and dropout. Few research studies have sought the opinions and perceptions of the at-risk students who attend…

Use of Direct and Indirect Estimates of Crown Dimensions to Predict One Seed Juniper Woody Biomass Yield for Alternative Energy Uses

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Throughout the western United States there is increased interest in utilizing woodland biomass as an alternative energy source. We conducted a pilot study to predict one seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma) chip yield from tree-crown dimensions measured on the ground or derived from Very Large Scale ...

Cost Containment: An Economist's View

PubMed Central

Neuhauser, Duncan

1980-01-01

Rising medical care costs are not the problem they seem to be, in part because quality of care is not considered. The problem may be more the absence of choice of alternative health benefit packages with price differences. The future of health services in the United States will have more competing alternatives requiring physicians to be more cost conscious. PMID:6992461

40 CFR 80.1641 - Alternative sulfur standards and requirements that apply to importers who transport gasoline by...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... requirements that apply to importers who transport gasoline by truck. 80.1641 Section 80.1641 Protection of... ADDITIVES Gasoline Sulfur § 80.1641 Alternative sulfur standards and requirements that apply to importers who transport gasoline by truck. Importers who import gasoline into the United States by truck may...

"I'm Not Really 'that' Bad": Alternative School Students, Stigma, and Identity Politics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McNulty, Carol P.; Roseboro, Donyell L.

2009-01-01

Public schools in the United States are predicated upon some common, albeit contested, understanding of a "normal" child. Such an identity comes with corresponding rules of behavior. In this study, we use identity politics as the primary lens through which to interpret the experiences of students at an alternative middle and high school. Through…

33 CFR 151.2060 - What must each application for approval of an alternative compliance technology contain? [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What must each application for approval of an alternative compliance technology contain? [Reserved] 151.2060 Section 151.2060 Navigation... Water Management for Control of Nonindigenous Species in Waters of the United States § 151.2060 What...

33 CFR 151.2060 - What must each application for approval of an alternative compliance technology contain? [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What must each application for approval of an alternative compliance technology contain? [Reserved] 151.2060 Section 151.2060 Navigation... Water Management for Control of Nonindigenous Species in Waters of the United States § 151.2060 What...

Identification and Analysis of the Alternatives for Achieving Greater Television Program Diversity in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dimling, John A., Jr.; And Others

Several alternatives to the present television industry structure are considered in this study. They are: continuation of present policies, satellite-to-home broadcasting, and cable distribution of television. Trends noted are: the growth of commercial UHF (Ultra High Frequency) stations, the introduction of all-channel sets, population growth,…

Estimating Recreation Visitation Response to Forest Management Alternatives in the Columbia River Basin

Treesearch

Donald B.K. English; Amy Horne

1996-01-01

To evaluate how forest management alternatives affect recreation visitation, managers need to know both the changes in demand for the sites being altered and the general changes in regional recreation trip production. This paper shows one way to obtain that information. Trip-generation models developed for the United States Forest Service's national assessments of...

Biomass: An Alternative Source of Energy for Eighth or Ninth Grade Science.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heyward, Lillie; Murff, Marye

This teaching unit develops the possibility of using biomass as an alternative source of energy. The concept of biomass is explained and the processes associated with its conversion to energy are stated. Suggestions for development of biomass technology in different geographic areas are indicated. Lessons for 6 days are presented for use with…

Varieties of healing. 2: a taxonomy of unconventional healing practices.

PubMed

Kaptchuk, T J; Eisenberg, D M

2001-08-07

The first of two essays in this issue demonstrated that the United States has had a rich history of medical pluralism. This essay seeks to present an overview of contemporary unconventional medical practices in the United States. No clear definition of "alternative medicine" is offered because it is a residual category composed of heterogeneous healing methods. A descriptive taxonomy of contemporary unconventional healing could be more helpful. Two broad categories of unconventional medicine are described here: a more prominent, "mainstream" complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and a more culture-bound, "parochial" unconventional medicine. The CAM component can be divided into professional groups, layperson-initiated popular health reform movements, New Age healing, alternative psychological therapies, and non-normative scientific enterprises. The parochial category can be divided into ethno-medicine, religious healing, and folk medicine. A topologic examination of U.S. health care can provide an important conceptual framework through which health care providers can understand the current situation in U.S. medical pluralism.

International Cooperation and Competition in Civilian Space Activities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Office of Technology Assessment.

This report assesses the state of international competition in civilian space activities, explores United States civilian objectives in space, and suggests alternative options for enhancing the overall U.S. position in space technologies. It also investigated past, present, and projected international cooperative arrangements for space activities…

Economics. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chambliss, Robert, Ed.; Fresen, Sue, Ed.

This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, and methods adapted for secondary students who have disabilities and other students with diverse learning needs. The curriculum correlates to Florida's Sunshine State Standards and is divided into the following six units of study: (1) introduction to economics,…

Geography of Existing and Potential Alternative Fuel Markets in the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Johnson, C.; Hettinger, D.

When deploying alternative fuels, it is paramount to match the right fuel with the right location, in accordance with local market conditions. We used six market indicators to evaluate the existing and potential regional market health for each of the five most commonly deployed alternative fuels: electricity (used by plug-in electric vehicles), biodiesel (blends of B20 and higher), E85 ethanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), and propane. Each market indicator was mapped, combined, and evaluated by industry experts. This process revealed the weight the market indicators should be given, with the proximity of fueling stations being the most important indicator, followedmore » by alternative fuel vehicle density, gasoline prices, state incentives, nearby resources, and finally, environmental benefit. Though markets vary among states, no state received 'weak' potential for all five fuels, indicating that all states have an opportunity to use at least one alternative fuel. California, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, and Washington appear to have the best potential markets for alternative fuels in general, with each sporting strong markets for four of the fuels. Wyoming showed the least potential, with weak markets for all alternative fuels except for CNG, for which it has a patchy market. Of all the fuels, CNG is promising in the greatest number of states--largely because freight traffic provides potential demand for many far-reaching corridor markets and because the sources of CNG are so widespread geographically.« less

Civic Education and the New American Patriotism Post-9/11.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boyte, Harry C.

2003-01-01

Analyzes theoretical and practical political frameworks behind two main approaches to civic education in the United States: civics and service. States that neither liberalism nor communitarianism has been able to mount a significant alternative to what a former Cambridge Journal of Education article called educational Darwinism, whereby less…

Home Schooling: The Facts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menendez, Albert J.

Home schooling, practiced as an alternative to both public and private schooling, is on the increase. This booklet provides an overview of the home schooling movement's statistical and demographic background. It also describes the legal context in states across the United States; the advocacy groups that are involved; the reasons why parents home…

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

transformational technologies that reduce the nation's dependence on foreign energy imports; reduce U.S. energy ; and ensure that the United States maintains its leadership in developing and deploying advanced energy

Report to the Commission to Assess United States National Security Space Management and Organization

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-01-11

including the Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and, in a three-day session in Colorado Springs, Colorado , the...Naval Space Command serves as the Alternate Space Command Center to U.S. Space Command’s primary center located at Cheyenne Mountain, Colorado . It is...Fogleman, United States Air Force (Retired) General Fogleman is president and chief operating officer of the B Bar J Cattle and Consulting Company, Durango

Expanding oral care opportunities: direct access care provided by dental hygienists in the United States.

PubMed

Naughton, Doreen K

2014-06-01

Dental hygienists expand access to oral care in the United States. Many Americans have access to oral health care in traditional dental offices however millions of Americans have unmet dental needs. For decades dental hygienists have provided opportunities for un-served and under-served Americans to receive preventive services in a variety of alternate delivery sites, and referral to licensed dentists for dental care needs. Publications, state practice acts, state public health departments, the American Dental Hygienists' Association, and personal interviews of dental hygiene practitioners were accessed for information and statistical data. Dental hygienists in 36 states can legally provide direct access care. Dental hygienists are providing preventive services in a variety of settings to previously un-served and under-served Americans, with referral to dentists for dental needs. Dental hygienists have provided direct access to care in the United States for decades. The exact number of direct access providers in the United States is unknown. Limited research and anecdotal information demonstrate that direct access care has facilitated alternate entry points into the oral health systems for thousands of previously un-served and underserved Americans. Older adults, persons with special needs, children in schools, pregnant women, minority populations, rural populations, and others have benefited from the availability of many services provided by direct access dental hygienists. Legislatures and private groups are becoming increasingly aware of the impact that direct access has made on the delivery of oral health care. Many factors continue to drive the growth of direct access care. Additional research is needed to accumulate qualitative and quantitative outcome data related to direct access care provided by dental hygienists and other mid level providers of oral health services. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Conservation as an alternative energy source

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Allen, D. E.

1978-01-01

A speech is given outlining the energy situation in the United States. It is warned that the existing energy situation cannot prevail and the time is fast running out for continued growth or even maintenance of present levels. Energy conservation measures are given as an aid to decrease U.S. energy consumption, which would allow more time to develop alternative sources of energy.

Report on Alternative Models for Presidential Libraries Issued in Response to the Requirements of PL 110-404

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Archives and Records Administration, 2009

2009-01-01

The Presidential Historical Records Preservation Act of 2008 [PL 110-404] requires that the Archivist of the United States submit to Congress a report on alternative models for Presidential archival depositories that: (1) Reduces the financial burden on the Federal Government; (2) Improves the preservation of Presidential records; and (3) Reduces…

Impact of Alternative Timber Management Policies on Availability of Forest Land in the Northeast

Treesearch

Owen W. Herrick

1977-01-01

Gaging the ability of the forest resource to satisfy future timber requirements is central to solving many problems arising from competition for use of forest land. In this study, production potentials of forest acreage in the Northeastern United States under management alternatives that range from extensive to intensive are weighed against several estimates of timber...

Religiosity and Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Foreign-Born Hispanics in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heathcote, John D.; West, Joshua H.; Hall, P. Cougar; Trinidad, Dennis R.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to test the association between religiosity and utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in a sample of foreign-born Hispanic adults, even when excluding prayer as a form of CAM. Data were collected using a self-report Spanish-language survey. Study participants consisted of 306 respondents between…

A Survey of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Knowledge among Health Educators in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Ping; Priestley, Jennifer Lewis; Johnson, Roy D.

2008-01-01

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is popular among U.S. health care consumers, but no study has examined how much health educators know about CAM. Purpose: To examine the knowledge of basic CAM concepts and common CAM therapies among health educators in the U.S. Methods: An online survey was conducted among 1,299 health…

Structured Adaptation of Black Migrants from the Caribbean: An Examination of an Indigenous Banking System in Brooklyn.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bonnett, Aubrey W.

1981-01-01

The rotating credit associations of Brooklyn, New York, are institutions which have been transplanted from the West Indies. The association is an alternative to the United States banking system and offers immigrants, illegal aliens, and permanent residents alike the opportunity to alternately save and borrow small sums of interest-free money. (JCD)

Dual mode vehicle and infrastructure alternatives analysis

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-04-01

The United States has a transportation challenge that requires addressing four issues simultaneously: traffic congestion, environmental pollution, safety, and energy security. A potential solution to these transportation challenges is the concept of ...

A Snapshot of State Regulatory Framework Development in Elementary and Secondary Online Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stedrak, Luke J.; Rose, Amanda L.

2015-01-01

With the advent and growth of elementary and secondary online education in the United States, teaching and learning has undergone radical change with unimagined alternatives to traditional brick-and-mortar classrooms, and online education is here to stay. Law and policy in some states has lagged behind the emergence of online K-12 education. The…

Incentives for organ donation in the United States: feasible alternative or forthcoming apocalypse?

PubMed

Hippen, Benjamin; Matas, Arthur

2009-04-01

Several factors have generated interest in proposals to offer incentives in exchange for kidneys from living donors, including the growing shortage of available organs, the apparent asymptote of traditional means of organ procurement, and the intimate link between the inadequacies of organ procurement policies in developed countries with the flourishing of underground organ trafficking in developing countries. Herein, we review the scope and dimensions of the growing shortage of organs in the United States, with attention to how each of the proposed solutions to same has proven insufficient. With special attention to the concerns leveled by Gabriel Danovitch in his 'Open Letter,' we conclude that each of his concerns are unfounded, and offer a prospectus on how a trial of such systems might be pursued in the United States. The failure of current approaches to organ procurement in the United States and other developed countries has led to unnecessary suffering and death, with morally unacceptable consequences for developing countries. For these reasons, a structured trial of incentives for organ procurement in the United States is a moral imperative.

About Codex

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR) is responsible for establishing Codex MRLs for pesticide residues in specific food items or in groups of food. EPA and an alternate delegate from USDA represent the United States on this committee.

Bosnian and American students' attitudes toward electronic monitoring: is it about what we know or where we come from?

PubMed

Muftić, Lisa R; Payne, Brian K; Maljević, Almir

2015-06-01

The use of community corrections continues to grow across the globe as alternatives to incarceration are sought. Little research attention, however, has been directed at correctional alternatives from a global orientation. The purpose of this research study is to compare the way that a sample of criminal justice students from the United States (n = 118) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (n = 133) perceive electronic monitoring. Because electronic monitoring is a newer sentencing alternative and it is used differently in Bosnia and Herzegovina than it is in the United States, it is predicted that Bosnian students will view electronic monitoring differently than will students from the United States. This study finds that while students are largely supportive of electronic monitoring sentences, support is affected by offender type and student nationality. For example, Bosnian students are more supportive of electronic monitoring sentences for drug offenders while American students are more supportive of electronic monitoring sentences for juvenile offenders. Differences were also found across student groups when attitudes toward electronic monitoring and the costs and pains associated with electronic monitoring were assessed. Specifically, American students were less likely to view electronic monitoring as meeting the goals of rehabilitation and more likely to view the conditions and restrictions associated with electronic monitoring as being punitive than Bosnian students were. Implications from these findings, as well as limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed. © The Author(s) 2013.

Energy, economic growth, and equity in the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kannan, N.P.

1979-01-01

Decades of economic growth in the United States, although improving the lot of many, have failed to solve the problem of poverty. Islands of acute poverty persist amidst affluence even today, invalidating the conventional wisdom that a growing economy lifts everyone. For better or for worse, economic growth has been mainly dependent upon energy to solve the problem of poverty, and the insidious energy crisis that confronts us today threatens this economic growth and the dream of an equitable society. For this reason it is important to consider all the potential consequences of energy policies that are designed to helpmore » achieve energy self-sufficiency. In this study alternate energy policies are identified and compared for their relative degrees of potential trade-offs. The evaluation of the policies is carried out with the aid of two computer simulation models, ECONOMY1 and FOSSIL1, which are designed to capture the interactions between the energy sector and the rest of the economy of the United States. The study proposes an alternate set of hypotheses that emphasize the dynamics of social conflict over the distributive shares in the economy. The ECONOMY1 model is based on these hypotheses. 103 references, 79 figures, 16 tables.« less

Effects of Automobile Emissions on Air Pollution in the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cohen, Ryan; Singh, Ramesh

2016-07-01

Currently, about more than 253,000,000 automobiles and trucks, some are new, old, gas and electric, ply on the roads in the United States of America. Around the world, human activities and energy demand are the main sources for the air pollution and ozone depletion, causing dense haze, fog and smog especially during winter season in the country like China and India and also observed in different parts of the world. In recent years, automakers have been pushed by new governmental regulations and global expectations to create more fuel-efficient vehicles that burn less fossil fuels and create fewer harmful emissions. Automakers are exploring alternative fuel options such as hydrogen, natural gas, hybrids, and completely electric vehicles. Since the Nissan Leaf's introduction in 2010, fully electric vehicles have become widely produced and just fewer than 400,000 fully electric cars have been sold in the United States. Taking the influx of more fuel-efficient and alternative energy vehicles in the market into account, we have analyzed satellite and ground observed atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gases during 2009-2014 in the United States of America. Our results show that the increasing population of hybrid and fuel efficient vehicles have cut down the atmospheric pollution and greenhouse emissions in US in general, whereas in California the pollution level has increased as a result frequency of fog and haze events are seen during winter season. We will present a comparison of atmospheric pollution over US and California State in view of the increasing hybrid and fuel efficient vehicles.

Long-term care policy for older Americans: building a continuum of care.

PubMed

Palley, Howard A

2003-01-01

This paper deals primarily with social policy considerations relevant to the development of long-term care policy for the frail elderly in the United States. However, it also includes some commentary on meeting the acute care needs of the frail elderly. It defines chronic care treatment as a mix of "short-term" and "long-term" modes of care. Furthermore, it explores the need for treatment of such long-term illnesses to recognize the importance of alternative modes of caring which include strategies, both medical and nonmedical, delivered within and outside of hospitals and nursing homes. The paper includes an analysis of public and private sector priorities based in data published by the U.S. Health Care Financing Administration. It also includes some discussion of the PACE program in the United States and some other efforts to stimulate more in-home and community-based alternatives to nursing home care. Furthermore, it includes a discussion of the policy goal of "appropriateness" in developing long-term care (as well as general health priorities) and provides a critical discussion of problems with utilizing "cost/benefit analysis." The study concludes that too exclusive a focus on nursing home care for the elderly in the United States is unfortunate-both in terms of the desires of the elderly, their families and friends and in terms of focusing on "appropriateness" as a legitimate policy goal in the development of long-term care policy for the elderly in the United States.

The Mississippi Choctaw: A Case Study of Intercultural Games.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, L. Brooks; Lujan, Philip

1983-01-01

Examines the Smith John case--in which the United States Supreme Court secured official recognition of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw as a tribe--as an example of "rhetorical games" used by different cultural groups to manipulate each other. Suggests alternative rhetorical strategies that would benefit the state and the Mississippi…

Finding of No Significant Impact: Construction and Operation of an Emergency Services Center United States Air Force Academy, Colorado

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-02-08

alternatives and resource issues. Agencies and Persons Consulted Jay Burgoon, Environmental Manager, USAFA Jeanie Duncan , Air Quality and Solid Waste Manager...Academy and their conservation. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Fitzgerald , J.P. and R.R

Maintenance of productive capacity of forest ecosystems

Treesearch

W. Keith Moser; Patrick D. Miles; Aimee Stephens; Dale D. Gormanson; Stephen R. Shifley; Dave Wear; Robert J. Huggett; Ruhong Li

2016-01-01

This chapter reports projected changes in forest area, age, volume, biomass, number of trees, and removals from 2010 to 2060 for alternative scenarios that bracket a range of possible future socioeconomic and climate conditions in the Northern United States, which consists of 20 central and northeastern States. As described in Chapter 2, the scenarios incorporate...

Education Policy and Family Values: A Critical Analysis of Initiatives from the Right

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumashiro, Kevin K.

2009-01-01

This article analyzes current education policy initiatives from the political Right in the United States, focusing on initiatives at the federal level (standards and testing), the state level (funding), the local level (alternative certification), and the campus level (censorship). Each initiative has received wide bipartisan and public support,…

Equivalence among three alternative approaches to estimating live tree carbon stocks in the eastern United States

Treesearch

Coeli M. Hoover; James E. Smith

2017-01-01

Assessments of forest carbon are available via multiple alternate tools or applications and are in use to address various regulatory and reporting requirements. The various approaches to making such estimates may or may not be entirely comparable. Knowing how the estimates produced by some commonly used approaches vary across forest types and regions allows users of...

When There Is No Blueprint: The Provision of Mental Health Services in Alternative School Programs for Suspended and Expelled Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldenson, Julie

2011-01-01

A variety of alternative programs are being implemented in Canada and the United States for students who have exhibited conduct problems and who are suspended or expelled from their schools. Given the complexity of issues that these students frequently face, treatment must be multifaceted, wrap-around, delivered by trained professionals and be…

"This School Is My Sanctuary": The Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos Alternative High School. JSRI Working Paper No. 57

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Antrop-Gonzalez, Rene

2003-01-01

Recent studies and personal narratives suggest a connection between the low academic achievement of Latina/o students in the United States to the lack of care they experience in schools. The author reports on a study he conducted of the Chicago-based Pedro Albizu Campos Alternative High School, focusing on the experiences of its students and…

Alternatives to Weight Tolerance Permits

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2000-10-01

A complex web of government regulations in the United States establishes maximum weights for vehicles on public roads. The primary purpose is to ensure compatibility of roadway design and operations with vehicle weight and dimensions. Of particular c...

VEGETATIVE COVERS FOR WASTE CONTAINMENT

EPA Science Inventory

Disposal of municipal ahd hazardous waste in the United States is primarily accomplished by containment in lined and capped landfills. Evapotranspiration cover systems offer an alternative to conventional landfill cap systems. These covers work on completely different principles ...

Necessary for Success: Building Mastery of World-Class Skills--A State Policymakers Guide to Competency Education. CompetencyWorks Issue Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patrick, Susan; Sturgis, Chris

2013-01-01

After two decades of major education reforms without seeing major gains for low-income students, state leadership is coming to the conclusion that there is something inherently wrong with America's K-12 system. States have called into question the time-based system built around the Carnegie unit and are now rapidly advancing an alternative. By…

Chlor-alkali producers evaluate safer alternatives to asbestos

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stadig, W.

Until recently, 75% of all US capacity for producing chlor-alkali - more than 40% of the world's capacity - has used asbestos diaphragm-cell technology. Although the Environmental Protection Agency continues to exempt asbestos use in diaphragms from restrictions, producers are considering alternatives. In Germany, stringent regulations will ban asbestos in chlor-alkali production after 1994. Heavy fines were levied recently against some chlor-alkali producers in the United States when EPA inspectors found asbestos fibers in cell renewal areas. Restrictions on the mining of asbestos raise the cost of obtaining adequate amounts of high-quality asbestos and gradually raise the cost of transportingmore » and discarding spent diaphragms. Two alternatives are to use newly developed, non-asbestos diaphragms or to convert to existing ion-exchange membrane-cell technology. Only the former seems economical in the United States. The non-asbestos diaphragm is based on an inorganic polymer composite developed in 1988 as an asbestos substitute. The composite received Du Pont's Plunkett Award for Innovation with Teflon[trademark], landed on the National Development Association's 1991 Honor Roll and became a 1991 R D 100 Award winner. 6 figs.« less

Community and Cluster Centre Residential Services for Adults with Intellectual Disability: Long-Term Results from an Australian-Matched Sample

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Young, L.

2006-01-01

Background: Changes in residential accommodation models for adults with intellectual disability (ID) over the last 20 years in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States have involved relocation from institutions primarily into dispersed homes in the community. But an evolving alternative service style is the cluster centre. Methods: This…

Fateful Decisions 1945-1972: The United States' Vietnam Policies in Five Presidential Administrations. A Curriculum Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oliveira, Louise A.; Robinson, Natalie

This curriculum unit for the study of Vietnam policy has the following goals: (1) student awareness and examination of alternatives to war; (2) student understanding of the process and elements involved in governmental decision making, including that of public opinion; (3) student understanding of their responsibilities and rights as citizens in a…

Cost of vaccinating refugees overseas versus after arrival in the United States, 2005.

PubMed

2008-03-07

Since 2000, approximately 50,000 refugees have entered the United States each year from various regions of the world. Although persons with immigrant status are legally required to be vaccinated before entering the United States, this requirement does not extend to U.S.-bound persons with refugee status. After 1 year in the United States, refugees can apply for a change of status to that of legal permanent resident, at which time they are required to be fully vaccinated in accordance with recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). A potentially less costly alternative might be to vaccinate U.S.-bound refugees overseas routinely, before they depart from refugee camps. To compare the cost of vaccinating refugees overseas versus after their arrival in the United States, CDC analyzed 2005 data on the number of refugees, cost of vaccine, and cost of vaccine administration. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which suggested that, in 2005, vaccinating 50,787 refugees overseas would have cost an estimated $7.7 million, less than one third of the estimated $26.0 million cost of vaccinating in the United States. Costs were calculated from the perspective of the U.S. health-care system. To achieve public health cost savings, routine overseas vaccination of U.S.-bound refugees should be considered.

Case Study Analysis of U.S. Policy Solutions to Enable China New Energy Cities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simon, J.; Tian, T.; Liu, C.

2015-05-28

This report summarizes various policies for encouraging investment and installation of renewable energy across the country. In particular, we attempt to explain the benefits of, and considerations behind, each policy type and provide examples of implementation across the United States While recognized as important, this report does not address policies or examples of successful energy efficiency or alternative-fuel vehicle strategies. In addition, we summarize the renewable energy policy strategies undertaken by three areas of the United States: New Jersey, Hawaii, and San Francisco.

Changing Patterns of Work in America, 1976: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Employment, Poverty, and Migration Labor of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate, Ninety-Fourth Congress, Second Session on Examination of Alternative Working Hours and Arrangements, April 7 and 8, 1976.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

Several programs designed to improve work life in the United States are reviewed. The subcommittee solicits opinions from leaders in business, labor, and government about what legislative and institutional changes can be made to ensure continued progress in the status of the working people. The hearings cover a broad range of topics including job…

Global Lessons In Frugal Innovation To Improve Health Care Delivery In The United States.

PubMed

Bhatti, Yasser; Taylor, Andrea; Harris, Matthew; Wadge, Hester; Escobar, Erin; Prime, Matt; Patel, Hannah; Carter, Alexander W; Parston, Greg; Darzi, Ara W; Udayakumar, Krishna

2017-11-01

In a 2015 global study of low-cost or frugal innovations, we identified five leading innovations that scaled successfully in their original contexts and that may provide insights for scaling such innovations in the United States. We describe common themes among these diverse innovations, critical factors for their translation to the United States to improve the efficiency and quality of health care, and lessons for the implementation and scaling of other innovations. We highlight promising trends in the United States that support adapting these innovations, including growing interest in moving care out of health care facilities and into community and home settings; the growth of alternative payment models and incentives to experiment with new approaches to population health and care delivery; and the increasing use of diverse health professionals, such as community health workers and advanced practice providers. Our findings should inspire policy makers and health care professionals and inform them about the potential for globally sourced frugal innovations to benefit US health care.

Fueling the dragon: Alternative Chinese oil futures and their implications for the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eberling, George G.

This study examines how Chinese oil energy will likely shape future Sino-American relations under conditions of dependency and non-dependency. The study will list and describe three possible Chinese oil energy futures or scenarios (Competitive Dependency, Competitive Surplus and Cooperative Surplus) using Scenario Analysis to subsequently estimate their associated likelihoods using the PRINCE forecasting system and discuss and evaluate their strategic implications for the United States. Further, this study will determine the most likely oil energy future or scenario. Finally, the study will list and describe the most likely United States political, economic and/or military policy responses for each future or scenario. The study contributes to the literature on Chinese and United States energy security, foreign policy, political economy and political risk analysis by showing how China will most likely address its growing oil energy dependence and by determining what will be the most likely U.S. foreign policy consequences based on the most current literature available on energy security and foreign policy.

OCCURRENCE OF IODINATED DBPS

EPA Science Inventory

Several drinking water treatment plants in the United States have altered their treatment methods and adopted alternative disinfectants in order to comply with a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation that limits the level of trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking wate...

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Qualified Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Tax Credit A tax credit is available for the purchase of a by that manufacturer for use in the United States. This tax credit applies to vehicles acquired after

Energy Supply and Development: A Major Concern.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Avery, J. S.

1978-01-01

Reviews (1) problems created by United States dependence on foreign oil, (2) recent progress in oil and natural gas development in the U.S., and (3) alternative sources of energy such as the sun, coal, and uranium. (AV)

Alternative Forms of Schooling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doll, Ronald C.

1972-01-01

Author talked informally with young people between the ages of 11 and 19 to find out what they think about schooling and education. Proposes high-level deliberation about the full meaning and conduct of education in the United States. (Author/DR)

76 FR 65985 - Importation of Litchi and Longan Fruit From Vietnam Into the Continental United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-25

... alleviate negative effects of increased foreign competition through alternative marketing arrangements or marketing channels. Executive Order 12988 This proposed rule would allow litchi and longan fruit to be...

Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the United States

MedlinePlus

... is Most Frequently Used Among Children (2007) Additional Reports NCCIH plans to collaborate with NCHS on further ... improving health and health care. To Obtain the Report The report's citation is Barnes PM, Bloom B, ...

Alternative energy sources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Todd, R. W.

1982-04-01

Renewable energy sources and their potential contribution for solving energy needs are presented. Centralized supply technologies include those alternative fuels derived from biomass using solar energy, (supplying 57% of the energy supply in some countries), and those using directly collected solar energy to manufacture a fuel. Fuel utilization effects can be doubled by using combined heat and power stations, and other major sources include wind, wave, tidal, and solar. In terms of local supply technology, wood burning appliances are becoming more popular, and methane is being used for heating and to fuel spark ignition engines. Geothermal low temperature heating exists worldwide at a capacity of 7.2 GW, supplying heat, particularly in Hungary, parts of the U.S.S.R., and Iceland, and a geothermal research program has been established in the United States. Sweden has a potential hydroelectric capacity of 600 MW, and the United States has a 100 GW capacity. Many of these technologies are already cost effective.

United States Air Force Wipe Solvent Testing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hornung, Steven D.; Beeson, Harold D.

2000-01-01

The Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB), as part of the Air Force Material Command, requested that NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) conduct testing and analyses in support of the United States Air Force Wipe Solvent Development Project. The purpose of the wipe solvent project is to develop an alternative to be used by Air Force flight line and maintenance personnel for the wipe cleaning of oxygen equipment. This report provides material compatibility, liquid oxygen (LOX) mechanical impact, autogenous ignition temperature (AIT), and gauge cleaning test data for some of the currently available solvents that may be used to replace CFC-113 and methyl chloroform. It provides data from previous WSTF test programs sponsored by the Naval Sea Systems Command, the Kennedy Space Center, and other NASA programs for the purpose of assisting WP AFB in identifying the best alternative solvents for validation testing.

National military strategy in the post cold war era: Nuclear deterrence or an alternative. Study project

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pooley, G.R.

In the aftermath of the Cold War it becomes necessary to explore the validity of nuclear deterrence as the cornerstone of the United States National Military Strategy for the upcoming period of transition in international relations. Using the current world situation as a starting point, the evolving trends in international relations, arms control and nuclear proliferation, the strategic threat and the evolution of technology will be analyzed in an effort to forecast the complexion of international relations twenty years hence. Then, within this context, nuclear deterrence and a non nuclear alternative nonoffensive defense, proposed by the Danish political scientist, Bjornmore » Moller, will be examined. In the final analysis, this project will suggest an appropriate direction for the evolution of the United States' National Military Strategy which, in the opinion of the author, provides the best probability for long term world peace.« less

Complementary and alternative medicine use in dermatology in the United States.

PubMed

Landis, Erin T; Davis, Scott A; Feldman, Steven R; Taylor, Sarah

2014-05-01

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has an increasing presence in dermatology. Complementary therapies have been studied in many skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. This study sought to assess oral CAM use in dermatology relative to medicine as a whole in the United States, using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Variables studied include patient demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and CAM documented at the visits. A brief literature review of the top 5 CAM treatments unique to dermatology visits was performed. Most CAM users in both dermatology and medicine as a whole were female and white and were insured with private insurance or Medicare. Fish oil, glucosamine, glucosamine chondroitin, and omega-3 were the most common complementary supplements used in both samples. CAM use in dermatology appears to be part of a larger trend in medicine. Knowledge of common complementary therapies can help dermatologists navigate this expanding field.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Dermatology in the United States

PubMed Central

Landis, Erin T.; Davis, Scott A.; Taylor, Sarah

2014-01-01

Abstract Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has an increasing presence in dermatology. Complementary therapies have been studied in many skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Objectives: This study sought to assess oral CAM use in dermatology relative to medicine as a whole in the United States, using the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Design: Variables studied include patient demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and CAM documented at the visits. A brief literature review of the top 5 CAM treatments unique to dermatology visits was performed. Results: Most CAM users in both dermatology and medicine as a whole were female and white and were insured with private insurance or Medicare. Fish oil, glucosamine, glucosamine chondroitin, and omega-3 were the most common complementary supplements used in both samples. Conclusions: CAM use in dermatology appears to be part of a larger trend in medicine. Knowledge of common complementary therapies can help dermatologists navigate this expanding field. PMID:24517329

Animal health economics: an aid to decisionmaking on animal health interventions - case studies in the United States of America.

PubMed

Marsh, T L; Pendell, D; Knippenberg, R

2017-04-01

For animal disease events the outcomes and consequences often remain unclear or uncertain, including the expected changes in benefits (e.g. profit to firms, prices to consumers) and in costs (e.g. response, clean-up). Moreover, the measurement of changes in benefits and costs across alternative interventions used to control animal disease events may be inexact. For instance, the economic consequences of alternative vaccination strategies to mitigate a disease can vary in magnitude due to trade embargoes and other factors. The authors discuss the economic measurement of animal disease outbreaks and interventions and how measurement is used in private and public decision-making. Two illustrative case studies in the United States of America are provided: a hypothetical outbreak of foot and mouth disease in cattle, and the 2014-2015 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in poultry.

The Shock of the Old--The Militant Church and Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, Roger

Accelerated Christian Education (ACE) schools, which provide an alternative to state-supported and other church schools, began in the United States, but their growth in Australia has been rapid. In 1977, there was only one ACE school in Australia, but by 1982 there were 10. The schools, which are committed to Christian fundamentalism, are run by…

Establishment trial of an oak-pine/soybean-corn-wheat alley-cropping system in the upper coastal plain of North Carolina

Treesearch

H.D. Stevenson; D.J. Robison; F.W. Cubbage; J.P. Mueller; M.G. Burton; M.H. Gocke

2013-01-01

Alley cropping may prove useful in the Southeast United States, providing multiple products and income streams, as well as affording sustainable land use alternatives to conventional farming. An alley-cropping system may be a good alternative in agriculture because of the benefits provided by trees to crops and soils, as well as the income generated from wood products...

Suggestions for Enhancing the Procurement Career Management Program in the United States Coast Guard.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

37 D ALTERNATIVE vlEwS ...... .............. 37 I E. PROCUREMENT INITIATIVES TO PROFESSIONALIZE THE WORKFORCE... 38 F. PROFESSIONALISM...Procurement Research The objective of this element is to identify sources for completed research, list alternatives for conducting further research, and...year depending on what new program starts occur, however the general pattern is relatively representative through FY1986. With the MLCs coming online in

An Educational Methodology for Enhancing Familiarity with United States Air Force Combat Logistics.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-09-01

degree of specialization in the supply 5 system and recommended an alternative organizational struc- ture under combat conditions (29:5,9). Two needs...many sub-issues. CLASSROOM MATERIAL SOURCES: Alternatives to standard air base functions should definitely be brought out also, especially the Air Force...C . -’ , - . . . .... .-. -... . or aspects of the subject. The investigative format we use should be flexible enough that we can explore

The Alternative Work Schedules Experiment: Congressional Oversight Needed to Avoid Likely Failure. Report to the Congress by the Comptroller General of the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

More than 250,000 federal employees nationwide are participating in a three-year voluntary experiment to find out if the federal government can successfully use flexible and compressed work schedules as alternatives to the traditional eight-hour day, forty-hour workweek. If the experiment is a success, the Congress may modify laws to allow…

Performance analysis of a diesel engine driven brushless alternator with combined AC and thyristor fed DC loads through PSPICE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Narayanan, S.S.Y.; Ananthakrishnan, P.; Hangari, V.U.

1995-12-31

A brushless alternator with damper windings in the main alternator and with combined ac and thyristor fed dc loads has been handled ab initio as a total modeling and simulation problem for which a complete steady state performance prediction algorithm has been developed through proper application of Park`s equivalent circuit approach individually to the main and exciter alternator units of the brushless alternator. Details of the problems faced during implementation of this algorithm through PSPICE for the case of a specific 125 kVA brushless alternator as well as methods adopted for successfully overcoming the same have then been presented. Finallymore » a comparison of the predicted performance with those obtained experimentally for this 125 kVA unit has also been provided for the cases of both thyristor fed dc load alone as well as combined ac and thyristor fed dc loads. To enable proper calculation of derating factors to be used in the design of such brushless alternators, the simulation results then include harmonic analysis of the alternator output voltage and current waveforms at the point of common connection of the ac and thyristor fed dc load, damper winding currents, main alternator field winding current, exciter alternator armature voltage and the alternator developed torque and torque angle pulsations.« less

FMDP reactor alternative summary report. Volume 1 - existing LWR alternative

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Greene, S.R.; Bevard, B.B.

1996-10-07

Significant quantities of weapons-usable fissile materials [primarily plutonium and highly enriched uranium (HEU)] are becoming surplus to national defense needs in both the United States and Russia. These stocks of fissile materials pose significant dangers to national and international security. The dangers exist not only in the potential proliferation of nuclear weapons but also in the potential for environmental, safety, and health (ES&H) consequences if surplus fissile materials are not properly managed. This document summarizes the results of analysis concerned with existing light water reactor plutonium disposition alternatives.

Alternatives to animal testing: information resources via the Internet and World Wide Web.

PubMed

Hakkinen, P J Bert; Green, Dianne K

2002-04-25

Many countries, including the United States, Canada, European Union member states, and others, require that a comprehensive search for possible alternatives be completed before beginning some or all research involving animals. Completing comprehensive alternatives searches and keeping current with information associated with alternatives to animal testing is a challenge that will be made easier as people throughout the world gain access to the Internet and World Wide Web. Numerous Internet and World Wide Web resources are available to provide guidance and other information on in vitro and other alternatives to animal testing. A comprehensive Web site is Alternatives to Animal Testing on the Web (Altweb), which serves as an online clearinghouse for resources, information, and news about alternatives to animal testing. Examples of other important Web sites include the joint one for the (US) Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods (NICEATM) and the Norwegian Reference Centre for Laboratory Animal Science and Alternatives (The NORINA database). Internet mailing lists and online access to bulletin boards, discussion areas, newsletters, and journals are other ways to access and share information to stay current with alternatives to animal testing.

The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States: Origins and Prospects for Reform.

PubMed

Kesselheim, Aaron S; Avorn, Jerry; Sarpatwari, Ameet

The increasing cost of prescription drugs in the United States has become a source of concern for patients, prescribers, payers, and policy makers. To review the origins and effects of high drug prices in the US market and to consider policy options that could contain the cost of prescription drugs. We reviewed the peer-reviewed medical and health policy literature from January 2005 to July 2016 for articles addressing the sources of drug prices in the United States, the justifications and consequences of high prices, and possible solutions. Per capita prescription drug spending in the United States exceeds that in all other countries, largely driven by brand-name drug prices that have been increasing in recent years at rates far beyond the consumer price index. In 2013, per capita spending on prescription drugs was $858 compared with an average of $400 for 19 other industrialized nations. In the United States, prescription medications now comprise an estimated 17% of overall personal health care services. The most important factor that allows manufacturers to set high drug prices is market exclusivity, protected by monopoly rights awarded upon Food and Drug Administration approval and by patents. The availability of generic drugs after this exclusivity period is the main means of reducing prices in the United States, but access to them may be delayed by numerous business and legal strategies. The primary counterweight against excessive pricing during market exclusivity is the negotiating power of the payer, which is currently constrained by several factors, including the requirement that most government drug payment plans cover nearly all products. Another key contributor to drug spending is physician prescribing choices when comparable alternatives are available at different costs. Although prices are often justified by the high cost of drug development, there is no evidence of an association between research and development costs and prices; rather, prescription drugs are priced in the United States primarily on the basis of what the market will bear. High drug prices are the result of the approach the United States has taken to granting government-protected monopolies to drug manufacturers, combined with coverage requirements imposed on government-funded drug benefits. The most realistic short-term strategies to address high prices include enforcing more stringent requirements for the award and extension of exclusivity rights; enhancing competition by ensuring timely generic drug availability; providing greater opportunities for meaningful price negotiation by governmental payers; generating more evidence about comparative cost-effectiveness of therapeutic alternatives; and more effectively educating patients, prescribers, payers, and policy makers about these choices.

Use of tobacco tax stamps to prevent and reduce illicit tobacco trade--United States, 2014.

PubMed

Chriqui, Jamie; DeLong, Hillary; Gourdet, Camille; Chaloupka, Frank; Edwards, Sarah Matthes; Xu, Xin; Promoff, Gabbi

2015-05-29

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Increasing the unit price on tobacco products is the most effective tobacco prevention and control measure. Illicit tobacco trade (illicit trade) undermines high tobacco prices by providing tobacco users with cheaper-priced alternatives. In the United States, illicit trade primarily occurs when cigarettes are bought from states, jurisdictions, and federal reservation land with lower or no excise taxes, and sold in jurisdictions with higher taxes. Applying tax stamps to tobacco products, which provides documentation that taxes have been paid, is an important tool to combat illicit trade. Comprehensive tax stamping policy, which includes using digital, encrypted ("high-tech") stamps, applying stamps to all tobacco products, and working with tribes on stamping agreements, can further prevent and reduce illicit trade. This report describes state laws governing tax stamps on cigarettes, little cigars (cigarette-sized cigars), roll-your-own tobacco (RYOT), and tribal tobacco sales across the United States as of January 1, 2014, and assesses the extent of comprehensive tobacco tax stamping in the United States. Forty-four states (including the District of Columbia [DC]) applied traditional paper ("low-tech") tax stamps to cigarettes, whereas four authorized more effective high-tech stamps. Six states explicitly required stamps on other tobacco products (i.e., tobacco products other than cigarettes), and in approximately one third of states with tribal lands, tribes required tax stamping to address illicit purchases by nonmembers. No U.S. state had a comprehensive approach to tobacco tax stamping. Enhancing tobacco tax stamping across the country might further prevent and reduce illicit trade in the United States.

DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

Due to concerns over trihalomethanes (THMs) and other halogenated by-products that can be formed during chlorination of drinking water, alternative disinfectants are being explored. Several drinking water treatment plants in the United States have altered their treatment methods...

50 CFR 300.207 - Alternative procedures for bycatch of PLMRs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...— (1) Are comparable to those of the United States, taking into account different conditions, and which....) specified by NMFS. Effective Date Note: At 76 FR 2024, Jan. 12, 2011, § 302.207 was added. This section...

ERCMExpress. Volume 3, Issue 5

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Matt

2007-01-01

The Emergency Response and Crisis Management (ECRM) Technical Assistance Center's newsletter "ERCMExpress" provides comprehensive information on key issues in school emergency management. Many nontraditional schools across the United States, such as storefront schools, rural schools, and alternative education facilities, face challenges…

Analyzing trade-offs between fuels management, suppression, and damages from wildfire

Treesearch

D. Evan Mercer; Robert G. Haight; Jeffrey P. Prestemon

2008-01-01

With expenditures to suppress wildfires in the United States increasing rapidly during the past couple of decades, fire managers, scientists, and policy makers have begun an intense effort to develop alternative approaches to managing wildfire.

BIOLOGICALLY-BASED RAPID SCREENING METHODS FOR DIOXINS IN THE UNITED STATES

EPA Science Inventory

Because of the extensive cost, in personnel, time, equipment, and money to measure dioxin-like chemicals analytically, alternative technologies have been developed to measure the integrated sum of the activity of the dioxin-like chemicals.

CHARACTERIZING TOXICOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS

EPA Science Inventory

Due to concerns over trihalomethanes (THMs) and other halogenated by-products that can be formed during chlorination of drinking water, alternative disinfectants are being explored. Several drinking water treatment plants in the United States have altered their treatment methods...

DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS: WHAT IS KNOWN

EPA Science Inventory

Chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloramine are currently the major disinfectants being used to disinfect drinking water. Although the alternative disinfectants (ozone, chlorine dioxide, and chloramine) are increasing in popularity in the United States, chlorine is still us...

Sociocultural attitudes surrounding menstruation and alternative menstrual products: the explanatory role of self-objectification.

PubMed

Grose, Rose Grace; Grabe, Shelly

2014-01-01

We extend objectification theory research to consider the relationship between self-objectification and attitudes toward an alternative menstrual product in a diverse sample of female undergraduates from the United States (N = 151). We use a survey design to investigate attitudes toward one's menstruation as a potential mechanism that may explain this relationship. Reactions to an alternative menstrual product were predominantly negative, supporting prior research on stigma and shame surrounding menstruation. Exploratory structural equation modeling revealed attitudes toward one's menstruation mediated the relationship between self-objectification and participants' reactions to an alternative menstrual product. Implications for women's health are discussed.

United States Air Force 611th Civil Engineer Squadron, Elmendorf, AFB, Alaska. Final engineering evaluation/cost analysis, million gallon hill source area of the West Unit, Galena Airport, Alaska

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-02-05

This decision document presents the selected removal action for the Million Gallon Hill source area of the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) site ST009, otherwise known as the West Unit at Galena Airport, Alaska. The information from the RI Report is summarized, along with an analysis of potential removal action alternatives in the Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA).

Vegetative covers for waste containment.

PubMed

Rock, Steven A

2003-01-01

Disposal of municipal and hazardous waste in the United States is primarily accomplished by containment in lined and capped landfills. Evapotranspiration cover systems offer an alternative to conventional landfill cap systems. These covers work on completely different principles than traditional covers do, and that difference may slow understanding and acceptance by site owners, regulators, and stakeholders. This chapter provides an introduction to this alternative technique and explains some of the common concerns regarding its implementation.

Joint Intelligence Analysis Complex: DOD Partially Used Best Practices for Analyzing Alternatives and Should Do So Fully for Future Military Construction Decisions

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

Military Construction Decisions Report to Congressional Requesters September 2016 GAO-16-853 United States Government Accountability Office...ANALYSIS COMPLEX DOD Partially Used Best Practices for Analyzing Alternatives and Should Do So Fully for Future Military Construction Decisions What...a set of AOA best practices for military construction decisions. Without guidance for using AOA best practices during certain military construction

The current status on the selection and management of vegetation for slow rate and overland flow application systems to treat municipal wastewater in the North Central region of the United States

Treesearch

D.G. Brockway; T.M. Burton; J.H. Cooley; F.M. D' Itri; R.H. Dowdy; B.G. Ellis; L. Epstein; A.E. Erickson; J.E. Hook; L.W. Jacobs; S.N. Kerr; B.D. Knezek; E.A. Myers; A.J. Palazzo; S. Poloncsik; G.R. Safir; W.E. Sopper; J.C. Sutherland; M.B. Tesar; R.E. Thomas; D.H. Urie

1981-01-01

The 1977 Clean Water Amendments to Public Law 92-500 were enacted to strengthen the orignal policy of encouraging the utilization ofinnovative, alternative management techniques far the treatment and disposal of municipal wastewater. These alternative techniques include spray irigation and overland flow land treatment systems which can be used individual cr...

30 CFR 256.52 - Bond requirements for an oil and gas or sulphur lease.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... Gulf of Mexico and the area offshore the Atlantic Coast. (2) The area offshore the Pacific Coast States... offshore the Atlantic Coast is included in the Gulf of Mexico. Areawide bonds issued in the Gulf of Mexico... to the United States under a bond or alternative form of security maintained under this section, the...

Donating the Voucher: An Alternative Tax Treatment of Private School Enrollment. Research Briefs in Economic Policy, Number 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Samwick, Andrew

2014-01-01

In the United States, parents send about 10 percent of elementary and secondary school-age children to private schools, which through their accreditation meet the requirement that students receive an adequate education. By paying out of pocket for their children's private education, these families relieve a financial burden on local, state, and…

State Policies and Practices in Behavior Supports for Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the United States: A National Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rotholz, David A.; Moseley, Charles R.; Carlson, Kinsey B.

2013-01-01

Providing effective behavioral supports to decrease challenging behavior and replace it with appropriate alternative skills is essential to meeting the needs of many individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). It is also necessary for fulfilling the requirements of Medicaid-funded individual support plans and is important…

Suitability of live and fire-killed small-diameter ponderosa and lodgepole pine trees for manufacturing a new structural wood composite

Treesearch

J.M. Linton; H.M. Barnes; R.D. Seale; P.D. Jones; E. Lowell; S.S. Hummel

2010-01-01

Finding alternative uses for raw material from small-diameter trees is a critical problem throughout the United States. In western states, a lack of markets for small-diameter ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ) can contribute to problems associated with overstocking. To test the feasibility of...

NHDPlusHR: A national geospatial framework for surface-water information

USGS Publications Warehouse

Viger, Roland; Rea, Alan H.; Simley, Jeffrey D.; Hanson, Karen M.

2016-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey is developing a new geospatial hydrographic framework for the United States, called the National Hydrography Dataset Plus High Resolution (NHDPlusHR), that integrates a diversity of the best-available information, robustly supports ongoing dataset improvements, enables hydrographic generalization to derive alternate representations of the network while maintaining feature identity, and supports modern scientific computing and Internet accessibility needs. This framework is based on the High Resolution National Hydrography Dataset, the Watershed Boundaries Dataset, and elevation from the 3-D Elevation Program, and will provide an authoritative, high precision, and attribute-rich geospatial framework for surface-water information for the United States. Using this common geospatial framework will provide a consistent basis for indexing water information in the United States, eliminate redundancy, and harmonize access to, and exchange of water information.

Railroad Embankment Stabilization Demonstration for High-Speed Rail Corridors

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-02-09

The development of high-speed railroad corridors in the United States is being considered by Congress as a fuel efficient and economical alternative to air or highway passenger travel. The exisiting infrastructure is, in many ways, suitable for freig...

Technological Strategies and National Purpose

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilpin, Robert

1970-01-01

Discusses the international and domestic implications of technological growth. Defines three basic national strategies: a broad front approach, scientific and technological specialization and importation. Analyzes the strategies followed by form countries - France, the United States, Sweden, and Japan- to illustrate the alternatives and the…

ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF WASTE WATER AQUACULTURE TREATMENT SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

This study attempted to ascertain the economic viability of aquaculture as an alternative to conventional waste water treatment systems for small municipalities in the Southwestern region of the United States. A multiple water quality objective level cost-effectiveness model was ...

Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) with southern yellow pine posts.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-09-01

The Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) has previously been approved for use with various alternative species of wood posts. However, Southern Yellow Pine (SYP) is the most common wood guardrail post material in the United States. The goal of this researc...

Cultural Styles of Persuasion

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glenn, E. S.; And Others

1977-01-01

Offers an alternative methodology for studying persuasive strategies by examining the persuasive strategies selected by professional persuaders representing those cultures being studied. Analyzes the persuasive styles of United States, Soviet Union and Arab diplomats involved in international negotiations in the Security Council of the United…

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Federal Laws and Incentives for Hydrogen

Science.gov Websites

environmental security of the United States by supporting local initiatives to adopt practices that reduce the federal fuel taxes. Common nontaxable uses in a motor vehicle are: on a farm for farming purposes; in

Inhibitory control in mind and brain 2.0: Blocked-input models of saccadic countermanding

PubMed Central

Logan, Gordon D.; Yamaguchi, Motonori; Schall, Jeffrey D.; Palmeri, Thomas J.

2015-01-01

The interactive race model of saccadic countermanding assumes that response inhibition results from an interaction between a go unit, identified with gaze-shifting neurons, and a stop unit, identified with gaze-holding neurons, in which activation of the stop unit inhibits the growth of activation in the go unit to prevent it from reaching threshold. The interactive race model accounts for behavioral data and predicts physiological data in monkeys performing the stop-signal task. We propose an alternative model that assumes that response inhibition results from blocking the input to the go unit. We show that the blocked-input model accounts for behavioral data as accurately as the original interactive race model and predicts aspects of the physiological data more accurately. We extend the models to address the steady-state fixation period before the go stimulus is presented and find that the blocked-input model fits better than the interactive race model. We consider a model in which fixation activity is boosted when a stop signal occurs and find that it fits as well as the blocked input model but predicts very high steady-state fixation activity after the response is inhibited. We discuss the alternative linking propositions that connect computational models to neural mechanisms, the lessons to be learned from model mimicry, and generalization from countermanding saccades to countermanding other kinds of responses. PMID:25706403

Alternative Energy Sources for United States Air Force Installations

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-08-01

easy to maintain, and have a relatively long life expectancy. b. Linear Focus Parabolic trough collectors have been fabricated by two primary methods...engineered and economically manufactured and dis- tributed solar collectors . Development, optimization, production design, and manufacture of these units is...193 and domestic hnt water heating. These systems function by converting the solar energy incident on a collector surface to thermal energy in a working

The Prevalence of Employed Nurses Identified or Enrolled in Substance Use Monitoring Programs

PubMed Central

Monroe, Todd B.; Kenaga, Heidi; Dietrich, Mary S.; Carter, Michael A.; Cowan, Ronald L.

2017-01-01

Background For over 100 years, nurses’ particular work conditions have been anecdotally associated with increases in substance abuse. Reasons include job-related stress and easy access to medications. Current research has suggested that prevalence of nurses with substance use problems is actually similar to, if not less than, that seen in the general population. However, given nurses’ proximity to critical patient care, the potential threat to public health, as well as the current shortage of practitioners and problems related to retention, the lack of research on the effectiveness of the two existing treatment protocols (disciplinary and alternative-to-discipline [ATD]) is a pressing issue of concern to the nursing profession. Objectives The aims of this study were to estimate the 1-year prevalence of employed nurses requiring an intervention for substance use problems in the United States and the 1-year prevalence of nurses enrolled in substance abuse monitoring programs and to compare the sum total of nurses identified in disciplinary and alternative programs with the general population. Methods This was a balanced stratified sampling design study. Measurements included the National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2010 Survey of Regulatory Boards Disciplinary Actions on Nurses, the 2009 annual reports of alternative programs, the 2008 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses, and the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Results The 2009 1-year prevalence of employed nurses identified with substance use problems in the United States and its territories was 17,085 or 0.51% of the employed nursing population. The 1-year prevalence of nurses newly enrolled in substance abuse monitoring programs in the United States and its territories was 12,060 or 0.36%. Although every National Council of State Boards of Nursing jurisdiction has a disciplinary monitoring program, only 73% (n = 43) of these jurisdictions have alternative programs. Despite this, on average, alternative programs had nearly 75% more new enrollees (9,715) when compared with disciplinary programs (2,345). The prevalence of nurses identified with a substance use problem requiring an intervention (and likely treatment) is lower than the prevalence of those who report receiving substance abuse treatment in the general population (0.51% vs. 1.0%). Conclusions The ATD programs potentially have a greater impact on protecting the public than disciplinary programs because ATD programs identify and/or enroll more nurses with substance use problems, thereby initially removing more nurses with substance use problems from direct patient care. PMID:22960589

Petroleum Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Selected Alternative Fuels

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1997-05-20

To future generations of transportation planners and policymakers, the 1990s will be viewed as a decade of transition. In the first five years of this decade, nearly everything about how the United States meets its transportation needs, from how traf...

Toxicological Outcomes in Rats Exposed to Inhaled Ethanol During Gestation

EPA Science Inventory

Recent legislation has encouraged replacing petroleum-based fuels with renewable alternatives including ethanol, which is currently blended with gasoline in the United States at concentrations up to 15%. Efforts to increase the amount of ethanol in gasoline have prompted concerns...

Future Watch: Our Schools in the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montgomery, Judith K.; Herer, Gilbert R.

1994-01-01

This article reviews major social, technological, economic, and political trends in the United States and relates this larger perspective to the practices of speech language pathologists and audiologists in the schools. Implications of these trends for alternative futures are drawn. (Author/DB)

Our Energy Options.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyers, Paul A.; Witt, Frank C.

Presented is an analysis of alternatives available to the United States in dealing with energy problems. Options explained and evaluated include coal, solar, hydroelectric, nuclear, geothermal, wind, biomass, and energy conservation. The booklet is part of Project APEC (America's Possible Energy Choices), a nationally validated Title IVc project…

Environmental Releases in the Fuel Ethanol Industry

EPA Science Inventory

Corn ethanol is the largest produced alternate biofuel in the United States. More than 13 billion gallons of ethanol were produced in 2010. The projected corn ethanol production is 15 billion gallons by 2015. With increased production of ethanol, the environmental releases from e...

American Mass Media and the Myth of Libertarianism: Toward an "Elite Power Group" Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akhavan-Majid, Roya; Wolf, Gary

1991-01-01

Presents evidence of the demise of Libertarianism in the U.S. mass media system and proposes an "elite power group" model as an alternative explanation of the working of the mass media in the United States. (MG)

Phased Retirement: The European Experience.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swank, Constance

This report provides United States corporate and union policymakers with practical information on one alternative work pattern for older employees--phased retirement--from European colleagues who already have implemented or negotiated specific phasing programs. An introduction provides details on the collection of information from companies in…

Food Service Trends--The Next Two Years and Beyond.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowers, R. Steve

1987-01-01

Surveyed college food service trends in various geographical locations in the United States. Discusses the trends, addressing eating alternatives, program issues, flexibility in offerings, nutritional emphasis, management and training changes, concern with costs and profits, updating of physical facilities, marketing, technology, matching…

Distribution of dairy production strategies in the US and environmental impact

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The documented emergence of alternative management strategies for dairy production may have implications for productivity and environmental losses. This study compared farm strategies and simulated environmental impact of the major dairy production regions in the United States. The Agricultural Rese...

Computers and Curriculum--Promises and Problems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Caldwell, Robert M.

The educational problems of the United States have reached critical proportions, particularly if the nation is to maintain leadership in high technology industries. This document explores the promise technology offers for improving instruction and broadening alternatives for instructional delivery. The author considers how technologically assisted…

Jet Propellant 8 versus Alternative Jet Fuels: A Life-Cycle Perspective

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

United States imports.26 The CBTL process uses three existing technologies to convert coal and biomass into liquid fuel: gasification , FT synthesis...and carbon capture and storage. Gasification converts coal and biomass into CO and H2, a mixture commonly referred to as “syngas.” FT synthesis...com- pare petroleum-derived jet fuel (i.e., JP-8) to an alternative jet fuel derived from a coal- biomass -to-liquid (CBTL) process. The EIO- LCA

School District Consolidation Study in 10 Michigan Counties: Is District Consolidation Cost Effective? What Is the Alternative to Consolidation? Working Paper #15. Revised

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shakrani, Sharif M.

2010-01-01

As Duncomb and Yinger (2001) have stated, "School consolidation represents the most dramatic change in education governance and management in the United States in the twentieth century. Over 100,000 school districts have been eliminated through consolidation since 1938, a drop of almost 90 percent (NCES 1999, Table 90). This longstanding…

A National Conference on Health Policy, Planning, and Financing the Future of Health Care for Blacks in America. NCHSR Research Proceedings Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Center for Health Services Research (DHEW/PHS), Hyattsville, MD.

The conference reported on in this document provided a forum for identification, discussion, and recommendation of alternative policies and approaches to the involvement of blacks in the health decisionmaking process in the United States. Recorded and summarized are discussions which were held regarding the state of health policy in America,…

Intervention Techniques Used With Autism Spectrum Disorder by Speech-Language Pathologists in the United States and Taiwan: A Descriptive Analysis of Practice in Clinical Settings.

PubMed

Hsieh, Ming-Yeh; Lynch, Georgina; Madison, Charles

2018-04-27

This study examined intervention techniques used with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in the United States and Taiwan working in clinic/hospital settings. The research questions addressed intervention techniques used with children with ASD, intervention techniques used with different age groups (under and above 8 years old), and training received before using the intervention techniques. The survey was distributed through the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association to selected SLPs across the United States. In Taiwan, the survey (Chinese version) was distributed through the Taiwan Speech-Language Pathologist Union, 2018, to certified SLPs. Results revealed that SLPs in the United States and Taiwan used 4 common intervention techniques: Social Skill Training, Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Picture Exchange Communication System, and Social Stories. Taiwanese SLPs reported SLP preparation program training across these common intervention strategies. In the United States, SLPs reported training via SLP preparation programs, peer therapists, and self-taught. Most SLPs reported using established or emerging evidence-based practices as defined by the National Professional Development Center (2014) and the National Standards Report (2015). Future research should address comparison of SLP preparation programs to examine the impact of preprofessional training on use of evidence-based practices to treat ASD.

The Importance of Water for High Fidelity Information Processing and for Life

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hoehler, Tori M.; Pohorille, Andrew

2011-01-01

Is water an absolute prerequisite for life? Life depends on a variety of non-covalent interactions among molecules, the nature of which is determined as much by the solvent in which they occur as by the molecules themselves. Catalysis and information processing, two essential functions of life, require non-covalent molecular recognition with very high specificity. For example, to correctly reproduce a string consisting of 600,000 units of information (e.g ., 600 kilobases, equivalent to the genome of the smallest free living terrestrial organisms) with a 90% success rate requires specificity > 107 : 1 for the target molecule vs. incorrect alternatives. Such specificity requires (i) that the correct molecular association is energetically stabilized by at least 40 kJ/mol relative to alternatives, and (ii) that the system is able to sample among possible states (alternative molecular associations) rapidly enough to allow the system to fall under thermodynamic control and express the energetic stabilization. We argue that electrostatic interactions are required to confer the necessary energetic stabilization vs. a large library of molecular alternatives, and that a solvent with polarity and dielectric properties comparable to water is required for the system to sample among possible states and express thermodynamic control. Electrostatic associations can be made in non-polar solvents, but the resulting complexes are too stable to be "unmade" with sufficient frequency to confer thermodynamic control on the system. An electrostatic molecular complex representing 3 units of information (e.g., 3 base pairs) with specificity > 107 per unit has a stability in non-polar solvent comparable to that of a carbon-carbon bond at room temperature. These considerations suggest that water, or a solvent with properties very like water, is necessary to support high-fidelity information processing, and can therefore be considered a critical prerequisite for life.

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Vehicle Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Standards Vehicle manufacturers must meet fuel economy and GHG emissions standards for vehicles sold in the United States. The U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) regulates fuel economy standards

Ethanol Basics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2015-01-30

Ethanol is a widely-used, domestically-produced renewable fuel made from corn and other plant materials. More than 96% of gasoline sold in the United States contains ethanol. Learn more about this alternative fuel in the Ethanol Basics Fact Sheet, produced by the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Cities program.

Ethanol from wood

Treesearch

John I. Zerbe

2008-01-01

With greatly increased gasoline and diesel prices in the United States, worldwide crude oil prices at record levels, dependence on imports from insecure sources, and environmental concern over accumulation of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, residents and legislators recognize the increasing need for alternative supplies of transportation fuels. Production...

Integrated Control of Fire Blight with Bacterial Antagonists and Oxytetracycline

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, the antibiotic streptomycin provided excellent control of fire blight until resistant isolates of Erwinia amylovora were prevalent. Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield) is now sprayed as an alternative antibiotic. We found that the duration of inhibitory acti...

Integrated Control of Fire Blight with Antagonists and Oxytetracycline

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, the antibiotic streptomycin provided excellent control of fire blight until resistant isolates of Erwinia amylovora arose. Oxytetracycline (Mycoshield) is now sprayed as an alternative antibiotic. We found that the duration of inhibitory activity of o...

Irrigation of floricultural and nursery crops with saline wastewaters

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Water security has become a major concern throughout the western United States and other arid and semiarid regions worldwide. Uncertainties concerning the allocation and dependability of good quality water have led to increased interest in the use alternative, non-potable waters for irrigated agric...

Some Heartland Farmers Just Say No to Chemicals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDermott, Jeanne

1990-01-01

Discusses how the increasing pollution and decreasing effectiveness of agrichemicals has spurred a new interest in "natural" farming practices in the midwestern United States. Provides the testimony of farmers who have converted their farming operations from chemically intensive to sustainable or alternative agricultural practices. (MCO)

Juvenile Confinement in Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mendel, Richard A.

2012-01-01

For more than a century, the predominant strategy for the treatment and punishment of serious and sometimes not-so-serious juvenile offenders in the United States has been placement into large juvenile corrections institutions, alternatively known as training schools, reformatories, or youth corrections centers. America's heavy reliance on…

Decision strategies to reduce teenage and young adult deaths in the United States.

PubMed

Keeney, Ralph L; Palley, Asa B

2013-09-01

This article uses decision analysis concepts and techniques to address an extremely important problem to any family with children, namely, how to avoid the tragic death of a child during the high-risk ages of 15-24. Descriptively, our analysis indicates that of the 35,000 annual deaths among this age group in the United States, approximately 20,000 could be avoided if individuals chose readily available alternatives for decisions relating to these deaths. Prescriptively, we develop a decision framework for parents and a child to both identify and proactively pursue decisions that can lower that child's exposure to life-threatening risks and positively alter decisions when facing such risks. Applying this framework for parents and the youth themselves, we illustrate the logic and process of generating proactive alternatives with numerous examples that each could pursue to lower these life-threatening risks and possibly avoid a tragic premature death, and discuss some public policy implications of our findings. © 2013 Society for Risk Analysis.

United States Air Force Security Forces in an Era of Terrorist Threats

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-06-01

their primary duties. The third alternative is to eliminate the Palace Tenure deployments of security personnel and replace them with dedicated units...The Phoenix Raven program, the 820th Security Forces Group, and Palace Tenure commitments. The specified mission varies by organization, but the...820th Security Forces Group. January 1999, slide 4. 166 Statement of LT. Col. Larry A. Buckingham , 820th Security Forces Group Commander, “820th Security

The Struggle for Peace in Bosnia: Considering U.S. Options. Choices for the 21st Century. Alternatives for Public Debate and Policy Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown Univ., Providence, RI. Center for Foreign Policy Development.

The conflict in Bosnia (Yugoslavia) has confronted U.S. leaders with fundamental questions about the use and capability of U.S. power abroad. This document brings the decision facing the United States into the classroom. The unit features a set of four divergent options for U.S. policy toward the Bosnian conflict, and a brief account of…

Water consumption footprint and land requirements of large-scale alternative diesel and jet fuel production.

PubMed

Staples, Mark D; Olcay, Hakan; Malina, Robert; Trivedi, Parthsarathi; Pearlson, Matthew N; Strzepek, Kenneth; Paltsev, Sergey V; Wollersheim, Christoph; Barrett, Steven R H

2013-01-01

Middle distillate (MD) transportation fuels, including diesel and jet fuel, make up almost 30% of liquid fuel consumption in the United States. Alternative drop-in MD and biodiesel could potentially reduce dependence on crude oil and the greenhouse gas intensity of transportation. However, the water and land resource requirements of these novel fuel production technologies must be better understood. This analysis quantifies the lifecycle green and blue water consumption footprints of producing: MD from conventional crude oil; Fischer-Tropsch MD from natural gas and coal; fermentation and advanced fermentation MD from biomass; and hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids MD and biodiesel from oilseed crops, throughout the contiguous United States. We find that FT MD and alternative MD derived from rainfed biomass have lifecycle blue water consumption footprints of 1.6 to 20.1 Lwater/LMD, comparable to conventional MD, which ranges between 4.1 and 7.4 Lwater/LMD. Alternative MD derived from irrigated biomass has a lifecycle blue water consumption footprint potentially several orders of magnitude larger, between 2.7 and 22 600 Lwater/LMD. Alternative MD derived from biomass has a lifecycle green water consumption footprint between 1.1 and 19 200 Lwater/LMD. Results are disaggregated to characterize the relationship between geo-spatial location and lifecycle water consumption footprint. We also quantify the trade-offs between blue water consumption footprint and areal MD productivity, which ranges from 490 to 4200 LMD/ha, under assumptions of rainfed and irrigated biomass cultivation. Finally, we show that if biomass cultivation for alternative MD is irrigated, the ratio of the increase in areal MD productivity to the increase in blue water consumption footprint is a function of geo-spatial location and feedstock-to-fuel production pathway.

Implications of Sustainability for the United States Light-Duty Transportation Sector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gearhart, Chris

Climate change is a problem that must be solved. The primary cause of this problem is burning of fossil fuels to generate energy. A dramatic reduction in carbon emissions must happen soon, and a significant fraction of this reduction must come from the transportation sector. This paper reviews existing literature to assess the consensus of the scientific and engineering communities concerning the potential for the United States' light-duty transportation sector to meet a goal of 80 percent reduction in vehicle emissions and examine what it will take to meet this target. It is unlikely that reducing energy consumption in justmore » vehicles with gasoline-based internal combustion drivetrains will be sufficient to meet GHG emission-reduction targets. This paper explores what additional benefits are possible through the adoption of alternative energy sources, looking at three possible on-vehicle energy carriers: carbon-based fuels, hydrogen, and batteries. potential for the United States' light-duty transportation sector to meet a goal of 80 percent reduction in vehicle emissions and examine what it will take to meet this target. It is unlikely that reducing energy consumption in just vehicles with gasoline-based internal combustion drivetrains will be sufficient to meet GHG emission-reduction targets. This paper explores what additional benefits are possible through the adoption of alternative energy sources, looking at three possible on-vehicle energy carriers: carbon-based fuels, hydrogen, and batteries.« less

Insomnia Associated with Valerian and Melatonin Usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey

PubMed Central

Bliwise, Donald L.; Ansari, Farzaneh Pour

2007-01-01

Study Objective: Many people use dietary supplements or herbal products to help them sleep. We analyzed the associations between melatonin use and insomnia and between valerian use and insomnia in a representative sample of the United States population. Design and Participants: The data reported upon here were collected in the 2002 Alternative Health/Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Supplement to the National Health Interview Survey. This was a survey of 31,044 personal interviews that constituted an age-representative and socioeconomically representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States. Results: Of the survey sample, 5.9% used valerian and 5.2% used melatonin. Of those using valerian, 29.9% endorsed insomnia as 1 reason for CAM use, and, of melatonin users, 27.5% endorsed insomnia as 1 reason for CAM use. Relatively greater use occurred in individuals under age 60 years. The decision to use such substances was made in consultation with a health care provider less than half of the time. Conclusions: Large segments of the United States population used valerian or melatonin for insomnia within the year preceding the survey, and usage typically fell outside the purview of the health care system. Citation: Bliwise DL; Ansari FP. Insomnia associated with valerian and melatonin usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. SLEEP 2007;30(7):881-884. PMID:17682659

Complementary and alternative medicines and childhood eczema: a US population-based study.

PubMed

Silverberg, Jonathan I; Lee-Wong, Mary; Silverberg, Nanette B

2014-01-01

The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in US children with eczema is unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown whether CAM use in the United States is associated with higher eczema prevalence. We sought to determine the eczema prevalence in association with CAM usage. We analyzed data from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey that included a nationally representative sample of 9417 children ages 0 to 17 years. Overall, 46.9% (95% confidence interval, 45.6%-48.2%) of children in the United States used 1 or more CAM, of which 0.99% (0.28%-1.71%) used CAM specifically to treat their eczema, including herbal therapy (0.46%), vitamins (0.33%), Ayurveda (0.28%), naturopathy (0.24%), homeopathy (0.20%), and traditional healing (0.12%). Several CAMs used for other purposes were associated with increased eczema prevalence, including herbal therapy (survey logistic regression; adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 2.07 [1.40-3.06]), vitamins (1.45 [1.21-1.74]), homeopathic therapy (2.94 [1.43-6.00]), movement techniques (3.66 [1.62-8.30]), and diet (2.24 [1.10-4.58]), particularly vegan diet (2.53 [1.17-5.51]). In conclusion, multiple CAMs are commonly used for the treatment of eczema in US children. However, some CAMs may actually be harmful to the skin and be associated with higher eczema prevalence in the United States.

Landscape change in the southern Piedmont: challenges, solutions, and uncertainty across scales

USGS Publications Warehouse

Conroy, M.J.; Allen, Craig R.; Peterson, J.T.; Pritchard, L.J.; Moore, C.T.

2003-01-01

The southern Piedmont of the southeastern United States epitomizes the complex and seemingly intractable problems and hard decisions that result from uncontrolled urban and suburban sprawl. Here we consider three recurrent themes in complicated problems involving complex systems: (1) scale dependencies and cross-scale, often nonlinear relationships; (2) resilience, in particular the potential for complex systems to move to alternate stable states with decreased ecological and/or economic value; and (3) uncertainty in the ability to understand and predict outcomes, perhaps particularly those that occur as a result of human impacts. We consider these issues in the context of landscape-level decision making, using as an example water resources and lotic systems in the Piedmont region of the southeastern United States.

Wood pellets, what else? Greenhouse gas parity times of European electricity from wood pellets produced in the south-eastern United States using different softwood feedstocks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hanssen, Steef V.; Duden, Anna S.; Junginger, Martin

Several EU countries import wood pellets from the south-eastern United States. The imported wood pellets are (co-)fired in power plants with the aim of reducing overall greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electricity and meeting EU renewable energy targets. To assess whether GHG emissions are reduced and on what timescale, we construct the GHG balance of wood-pellet electricity. This GHG balance consists of supply chain and combustion GHG emissions, carbon sequestration during biomass growth, and avoided GHG emissions through replacing fossil electricity. We investigate wood pellets from four softwood feedstock types: small roundwood, commercial thinnings, harvest residues, and mill residues. Permore » feedstock, the GHG balance of wood-pellet electricity is compared against those of alternative scenarios. Alternative scenarios are combinations of alternative fates of the feedstock material, such as in-forest decomposition, or the production of paper or wood panels like oriented strand board (OSB). Alternative scenario composition depends on feedstock type and local demand for this feedstock. Results indicate that the GHG balance of wood-pellet electricity equals that of alternative scenarios within 0 to 21 years (the GHG parity time), after which wood-pellet electricity has sustained climate benefits. Parity times increase by a maximum of twelve years when varying key variables (emissions associated with paper and panels, soil carbon increase via feedstock decomposition, wood-pellet electricity supply chain emissions) within maximum plausible ranges. Using commercial thinnings, harvest residues or mill residues as feedstock leads to the shortest GHG parity times (0-6 years) and fastest GHG benefits from wood-pellet electricity. Here, we find shorter GHG parity times than previous studies, for we use a novel approach that differentiates feedstocks and considers alternative scenarios based on (combinations of) alternative feedstock fates, rather than on alternative land-uses. This novel approach is relevant for bioenergy derived from low-value feedstocks.« less

Environmental strategies: A case study of systematic evaluation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sherman, Douglas J.; Garès, Paul A.

1982-09-01

A major problem facing environmental managers is the necessity to effectively evaluate management alternatives. Traditional environmental assessments have emphasized the use of economic analyses. These approaches are often deficient due to difficulty in assigning dollar values to environmental systems and to social amenities. A more flexible decisionmaking model has been developed to analyze management options for coping with beach erosion problems at the Sandy Hook Unit of Gateway National Recreation Area in New Jersey. This model is comprised of decision-making variables which are formulated from a combination of environmental and management criteria, and it has an accept-reject format in which the management options are analyzed in terms of the variables. Through logical ordering of the insertion of the variables into the model, stepwise elimination of alternatives is possible. A hierarchy of variables is determined through estimating work required to complete an assessment of the alternatives for each variable. The assessment requiring the least work is performed first so that the more difficult evaluation will be limited to fewer alternatives. The application of this approach is illustrated with a case study in which beach protection alternatives were evaluated for the United States National Park Service.

Confidence in the Efficacy and Safety of Dietary Supplements Among United States Active Duty Army Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-10

Alternative Medicine 2012, 12:182 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-182 Christina E Carvey (christina.carvey@us.army.mil) Emily K Farina (emily.k.farina@us.army.mil...www.biomedcentral.com/info/authors/ BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine © 2012 Carvey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of...U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine ,Military Nutrition Division,Kansas Street, Natick,MA,01760 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT

Liver injury induced by herbal complementary and alternative medicine.

PubMed

Navarro, Victor J; Seeff, Leonard B

2013-11-01

Herbal and dietary supplement use is common. Most marketed products consist of complex mixtures. Although they are perceived as safe, instances of hepatotoxicity attributable to these products underscore their potential for injury, but the exact component that is responsible for injury is difficult to discern. The lenient regulatory environment in the United States, which opens the possibility of adulteration and contamination, adds to the challenge of disease attribution. Although many different herbal and dietary supplements have been reported to cause liver injury, in the United States, products used for bodybuilding and weight loss are the most commonly implicated. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Critiques of the seismic hypothesis and the vegetation stabilization hypothesis for the formation of Mima mounds along the western coast of the U.S.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gabet, Emmanuel J.; Burnham, Jennifer L. Horwath; Perron, J. Taylor

2016-09-01

A recent paper published in Geomorphology by Gabet et al. (2014) presents the results of a numerical model supporting the hypothesis that burrowing mammals build Mima mounds - small, densely packed hillocks found primarily in the western United States. The model is based on field observations and produces realistic-looking mounds with spatial distributions similar to real moundfields. Alternative explanations have been proposed for these Mima mounds, including formation by seismic shaking and vegetation-controlled erosion and deposition. In this short communication, we present observations from moundfields in the coastal states of the western U.S. that are incompatible with these alternative theories.

Ethanol Basics (Fact Sheet)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

2015-01-01

Ethanol is a widely-used, domestically-produced renewable fuel made from corn and other plant materials. More than 96% of gasoline sold in the United States contains ethanol. Learn more about this alternative fuel in the Ethanol Basics Fact Sheet, produced by the U.S. Department of Energy's Clean Cities program.

Use of tropical maize for bioethanol production

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Tropical maize is an alternative energy crop being considered as a feedstock for bioethanol production in the North Central and Midwest United States. Tropical maize is advantageous because it produces large amounts of soluble sugars in its stalks, creates a large amount of biomass, and requires lo...

Energy Options: Challenge for the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hammond, Allen L.

1972-01-01

Summarizes alternative technological possibilities for ensuring a supply of energy for the United States, including nuclear technology, solar energy, shale oil and coal gassification, low pollutant techniques for burning coal, and a fuel cell suitable for commercial use. Reports the extent of existing research and development efforts. (AL)

50 CFR 300.208 - Alternative procedures for nations identified as having vessels engaged in bycatch of PLMRs that...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... to those of the United States, taking into account different conditions, and which, in the case of.... 12, 2011. Redesignated and amended at 78 FR 3343, 3345, Jan. 16, 2013] Effective Date Note: At 76 FR...

Medical tourism.

PubMed

Tompkins, Olga S

2010-01-01

Medical tourism is becoming popular as an alternative to the high cost of health care in the United States and as an inexpensive resource for cosmetic surgery. The occupational health nurse is an excellent resource to assist in the pre-decision due diligence and post-decision travel health counseling. Copyright 2010, SLACK Incorporated.

BIODIESEL EXHAUST: THE NEED FOR HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS RESEARCH

EPA Science Inventory

Biodiesel is a diesel fuel alternative that has shown potential of becoming a commercially accepted part of the United States energy infrastructure. In November of 2004, the signing of the Jobs Creation Bill HR4520 marked an important turning point for the future production of bi...

Protein influences on guayule and Hevea natural rubber sol and gel

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum) is under cultivation in the southwestern United States as an alternative source of natural rubber free from proteins that cause Type I latex allergies. However, since guayule lacks the protein-polymer interactions present in Hevea latex, its physical and chemical prop...

ALTERNATIVE URBANIZATION SCENARIOS FOR AN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED: DESIGN CRITERIA, SOCIAL CONSTRAINTS, AND EFFECTS ON GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS

EPA Science Inventory

Agricultural landscapes are being urbanized throughout the United States, resulting in the degradation of aquatic systems. Fundamental changes in watershed hydrology result from the construction of impervious surfaces (roofs, streets, sidewalks). As impervious surface area ...

Partnership to Advance Alternative Fuel Vehicles; Ciudades Limpias: Alianza Para Promover El Uso De Vehiculos De Combustibles Alternativos (in Spanish)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

LaRocque, T.

2001-10-01

This fact sheet provides a question and answer overview of the Clean Cities program including what it is, how it works, the program's accomplishments, and a map of Clean Cities throughout the United States.

Increasing the Harvest

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Groth, Edward, III

1975-01-01

As food producer for much of the world, the United States will soon have to decide between the continuation of present farming practices or the initiation of new policies that will improve environmental quality while reducing food production. This article discusses the consequences of either choice and offers possible alternatives. (MA)

Compared to What? Estimating Causal Effects for Latent Subgroups to Understand Variation in the Impacts of Head Start by Alternate Child Care Setting

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feller, Avi; Grindal, Todd; Miratrix, Luke; Page, Lindsay C.

2014-01-01

Head Start programs currently provide early childhood education and family support services to more than 900,000 low-income children and their families across the United States with an annual budget of around $8 billion in state and federal funds. Researchers and policy makers have debated the program's effectiveness since its inception in 1964.…

Clean Energy in City Codes: A Baseline Analysis of Municipal Codification across the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cook, Jeffrey J.; Aznar, Alexandra; Dane, Alexander

Municipal governments in the United States are well positioned to influence clean energy (energy efficiency and alternative energy) and transportation technology and strategy implementation within their jurisdictions through planning, programs, and codification. Municipal governments are leveraging planning processes and programs to shape their energy futures. There is limited understanding in the literature related to codification, the primary way that municipal governments enact enforceable policies. The authors fill the gap in the literature by documenting the status of municipal codification of clean energy and transportation across the United States. More directly, we leverage online databases of municipal codes to develop nationalmore » and state-specific representative samples of municipal governments by population size. Our analysis finds that municipal governments with the authority to set residential building energy codes within their jurisdictions frequently do so. In some cases, communities set codes higher than their respective state governments. Examination of codes across the nation indicates that municipal governments are employing their code as a policy mechanism to address clean energy and transportation.« less

Allergic contact dermatitis in preservatives: current standing and future options.

PubMed

Deza, Gustavo; Giménez-Arnau, Ana M

2017-08-01

Preservatives are well known skin sensitizers and represent one of the main causes of contact allergy. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of contact sensitization induced by preservatives and point future alternatives for products' preservation. Isothiazolinones currently are the most common preservatives responsible of contact allergy in Europe and in the United States, and although some regulatory interventions have been taken place, the current contact allergy outbreak is not yet under control. Despite the ban of methyldibromo glutaronitrile from cosmetics in Europe, sensitized patients are still diagnosed, suggesting other nonregulated sources of exposure. Sensitization rates to formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers are lower in Europe in comparison with the United States due to stricter regulations regarding their use. Prevalence of contact allergy to parabens has remained stable over the last decades, whereas iodopropynyl butylcarbamate is an emerging allergen with an increasing prevalence. Future alternatives for products' preservation look for a broad antimicrobial spectrum, but with a better safety profile (in terms of sensitization) than the currently available compounds. Given the high rates of sensitization reported over the last years, timely regulatory actions are urgently required for some preservatives that currently represent a concern for public health.

A systematic review of opioid use after extremity trauma in orthopedic surgery.

PubMed

Koehler, Rikki M; Okoroafor, Ugochi C; Cannada, Lisa K

2018-06-01

The United States is in a prescription opioid crisis. Orthopedic surgeons prescribe more opioid narcotics than any other surgical specialty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the state of opioid use after extremity trauma in orthopedic surgery. A computerized literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE was conducted to evaluate the status of opioids after extremity fractures. Six articles were identified and included in the review. Patients who consume more opioids communicate greater pain intensity and less satisfaction with pain control. Intraoperative multimodal drug injection and nerve blockade are viable alternatives for postoperative pain control and can help decrease systemic opioid use. Orthopedic surgeons are overprescribing opioids. Compared to other countries, the United States consumes more opioids with no better satisfaction with pain control. Orthopedic trauma surgeons should tailor their postoperative opioid prescriptions to the individual patient and utilize alternative options in order to control postoperative pain. Patients should be counseled regarding narcotic addiction and dependence. Patients unable to manage pain postoperatively should be followed closely and receive the proper chronic pain management, mental and social health services referrals. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sustainability of egg production in the United States--the policy and market context.

PubMed

Mench, J A; Sumner, D A; Rosen-Molina, J T

2011-01-01

The US egg industry is being pressured from many directions to change its production practices, particularly to address concerns about hen welfare in conventional cage systems. Responding to similar pressures, in 1999, the European Union banned conventional laying cages starting in 2012. This now impending European ban has led to the development of several alternative housing systems. These include noncage systems like aviaries and modified (enriched or furnished) cages that include perches, areas in which the hens can forage and dustbathe, and nests. Understanding the European experience is valuable as the United States considers the future direction of the egg industry. In the United States, the proportion of eggs produced in alternative systems is small (less than 5% of output) but growing, in part due to market and political incentives for systems that provide hens with more behavioral freedom than conventional cages. Animal welfare, however, is only one element of a sustainable production system. Other elements include those related to public values, the environment, economics, worker health, and food safety and quality. Eggs are a primary source of animal protein globally, and the United States is the third largest producer of eggs in the world, behind China and the European Union. The national table egg flock comprises about 280 million hens housed in all regions but with approximately 60% of eggs produced in the 10 leading states. Adopting new housing systems will have substantial effects on costs and other aspects of egg production on both a regional and national scale, with some positive effects but also potential negative effects that need to be carefully considered. This paper discusses the US egg industry in the context of legislation and standards related to hen housing systems. It also addresses initiatives by retailers, nongovernmental organizations, and private certification organizations to shape production practices in the egg industry as well as how those initiatives might affect various aspects of the sustainability of egg production.

A Future-Based Risk Assessment for the Survivability of Long Range Strike Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA ) investigated alternative futures to help generate a viable science strategy to address the future aerospace...World American World View ΔTeK World Power Grid Name 1 Global Exponential Dispersed DIGITAL CACOPHONY 2 Global Exponential Concentrated STAR TREK ...The United States has become the “United Kingdom of the Twenty-first Century.” 2.2.3. NASA Study (1997) In the NASA study, the National Research

Salt Lake City Area Integrated Projects Electric Power Marketing. Draft environmental impact statement: Volume 4, Appendixes B-D

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1994-02-01

The Salt Lake City Area Office of the Western Area Power Administration (Western) markets electricity produced at hydroelectric facilities operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. The facilities are known collectively as the Salt Lake City Area Integrated Projects (SLCA/IP) and include dams equipped for power generation on the Green, Gunnison, Rio Grande, and Colorado rivers and on Deer and Plateau creeks in the states of Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Of these facilities, only the Glen Canyon Unit, the Flaming Gorge Unit, and the Aspinall Unit (which includes Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal dams;) are influenced bymore » Western power scheduling and transmission decisions. The EIS alternatives, called commitment-level alternatives, reflect combinations of capacity and energy that would feasibly and reasonably fulfill Westerns firm power marketing responsibilities, needs, and statutory obligations. The viability of these alternatives relates directly to the combination of generation capability of the SLCA/IP with energy purchases and interchange. The economic and natural resource assessments in this environmental impact statement (EIS) include an analysis of commitment-level alternatives. Impacts of the no-action alternative are also assessed. Supply options, which include combinations of electrical power purchases and hydropower operational scenarios reflecting different operations of the dams, are also assessed. The EIS evaluates the impacts of these scenarios relative to socioeconomics, air resources, water resources, ecological resources, cultural resources, land use, recreation, and visual resources.« less

Salt Lake City Area Integrated Projects Electric Power Marketing. Draft environmental impact statement: Volume 2, Sections 1-16

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

The Salt Lake City Area Office of the Western Area Power Administration (Western) markets electricity produced at hydroelectric facilities operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. The facilities are known collectively as the Salt Lake City Area Integrated Projects (SLCA/IP) and include dams equipped for power generation on the Green, Gunnison, Rio Grande, and Colorado rivers and on Deer and Plateau creeks in the states of Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Of these facilities, only the Glen Canyon Unit, the Flaming Gorge Unit, and the Aspinall Unit (which includes Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal dams;) are influenced bymore » Western power scheduling and transmission decisions. The EIS alternatives, called commitment-level alternatives, reflect combinations of capacity and energy that would feasibly and reasonably fulfill Westerns firm power marketing responsibilities, needs, and statutory obligations. The viability of these alternatives relates directly to the combination of generation capability of the SLCA/IP with energy purchases and interchange. The economic and natural resource assessments in this environmental impact statement (EIS) include an analysis of commitment-level alternatives. Impacts of the no-action alternative are also assessed. Supply options, which include combinations of electrical power purchases and hydropower operational scenarios reflecting different operations of the dams, are also assessed. The EIS evaluates the impacts of these scenarios relative to socioeconomics, air resources, water resources, ecological resources, cultural resources, land use, recreation, and visual resources.« less

Determining the environmental training needs and training preferences of tribal officials on reservations in the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saxena, Jeeta Lakhani

The problem of this research was to determine the priority environmental management training needs (drinking water, wastewater, and solid waste), classroom training system preferences and related cultural factors of Native American tribal officials with environmental responsibilities living on reservations in the United States. The researcher conducted telephone interviews with 18 tribal officials on reservations in diverse geographic areas of the United States to determine their classroom training preferences. These officials also responded to a mail/fax survey comprised of 28 statements describing their environmental responsibilities in the areas of drinking water, wastewater, and solid waste. Tribal officials indicated how important the statements were according to them on a scale of 1--5 (1 being low importance and 5 being high importance). Tribal officials also indicated their ability to perform in the stated areas on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 being low ability and 5 being high ability). It was found that tribal officials felt they needed training in the areas of: (1) Solid Waste: Awareness of conventional and alternative solid waste management strategies as well as assessing the reservation's need related to solid waste management. (2) Regional or Inter-Governmental Strategies : Working with the federal, and, state governments for enforcing and developing regulations. (3) Drinking water: Assessing the reservation's drinking water needs and awareness of conventional and alternative drinking water systems. (4) Training for environmental staff: Determining and planning training for environmental personnel is another area of need indicated by the responding tribal officials. (5) Wastewater : Assessing the reservations wastewater needs, compliance and liability issues and awareness of alternative and conventional wastewater systems. It was also found that tribal officials preferred: (1) Trainers who were knowledgeable about the subject matter and tribal culture, problems and issues related to environmental management. (2) Cooperative learning in the form of group exercises and group discussions. Activities such as field trips, case studies or role play were strongly preferred. (3) To receive relevant information from different sources. (4) To attend training within a 200-mile radius. (5) To attend training that was 2--3 days in duration. (6) To attend training sessions organized in circular or U-shaped arrangements.

Sustainable water management in the southwestern United States: reality or rhetoric?

PubMed

Marshall, Robert M; Robles, Marcos D; Majka, Daniel R; Haney, Jeanmarie A

2010-07-21

While freshwater sustainability is generally defined as the provisioning of water for both people and the environment, in practice it is largely focused only on supplying water to furnish human population growth. Symptomatic of this is the state of Arizona, where rapid growth outside of the metropolitan Phoenix-Tucson corridor relies on the same groundwater that supplies year-round flow in rivers. Using Arizona as a case study, we present the first study in the southwestern United States that evaluates the potential impact of future population growth and water demand on streamflow depletion across multiple watersheds. We modeled population growth and water demand through 2050 and used four scenarios to explore the potential effects of alternative growth and water management strategies on river flows. Under the base population projection, we found that rivers in seven of the 18 study watersheds could be dewatered due to municipal demand. Implementing alternative growth and water management strategies, however, could prevent four of these rivers from being dewatered. The window of opportunity to implement water management strategies is narrowing. Because impacts from groundwater extraction are cumulative and cannot be immediately reversed, proactive water management strategies should be implemented where groundwater will be used to support new municipal demand. Our approach provides a low-cost method to identify where alternative water and growth management strategies may have the most impact, and demonstrates that such strategies can maintain a continued water supply for both people and the environment.

Conference on alternatives for pollution control from coal-fired low emission sources, Plzen, Czech Republic. Plzen Proceedings

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1994-07-01

The Conference on Alternatives for Pollution Control from Coal-Fired Emission Sources presented cost-effective approaches for pollution control of low emission sources (LES). It also identified policies and strategies for implementation of pollution control measures at the local level. Plzen, Czech Republic, was chosen as the conference site to show participants first hand the LES problems facing Eastern Europe today. Collectively, these Proceedings contain clear reports on: (a) methods for evaluating the cost effectiveness of alternative approaches to control pollution from small coal-fired boilers and furnaces; (b) cost-effective technologies for controlling pollution from coal-fired boilers and furnaces; (c) case studies ofmore » assessment of cost effective pollution control measures for selected cities in eastern Europe; and (d) approaches for actually implementing pollution control measures in cities in Eastern Europe. It is intended that the eastern/central European reader will find in these Proceedings useful measures that can be applied to control emissions and clean the air in his city or region. The conference was sponsored by the United States Agency for International Development (AID), the United States Department of Energy (DOE), and the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade. Selected papers have been indexed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.« less

40 CFR 60.2895 - What is a siting analysis?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... health or the environment. In considering such alternatives, you may consider costs, energy impacts...) Analyses of your OSWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with State, local, or other Federal... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is a siting analysis? 60.2895...

40 CFR 60.2050 - What is a siting analysis?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... alternatives. (b) Analyses of your CISWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with State, local, or other... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is a siting analysis? 60.2050 Section 60.2050 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...

40 CFR 60.2895 - What is a siting analysis?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... health or the environment. In considering such alternatives, you may consider costs, energy impacts...) Analyses of your OSWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with State, local, or other Federal... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What is a siting analysis? 60.2895...

40 CFR 60.2050 - What is a siting analysis?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... alternatives. (b) Analyses of your CISWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with State, local, or other... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false What is a siting analysis? 60.2050 Section 60.2050 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS...

48 CFR 27.409 - Solicitation provisions and contract clauses

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... section); (ii) For the acquisition of existing data, commercial computer software, or other existing data... United States (see paragraph (i)(1) of this section); (v) For architect-engineer services or construction... software, use the clause with its Alternate III. Any greater or lesser rights regarding the use...

48 CFR 27.409 - Solicitation provisions and contract clauses

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... section); (ii) For the acquisition of existing data, commercial computer software, or other existing data... United States (see paragraph (i)(1) of this section); (v) For architect-engineer services or construction... software, use the clause with its Alternate III. Any greater or lesser rights regarding the use...

48 CFR 27.409 - Solicitation provisions and contract clauses

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... section); (ii) For the acquisition of existing data, commercial computer software, or other existing data... United States (see paragraph (i)(1) of this section); (v) For architect-engineer services or construction... software, use the clause with its Alternate III. Any greater or lesser rights regarding the use...

48 CFR 27.409 - Solicitation provisions and contract clauses

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... section); (ii) For the acquisition of existing data, commercial computer software, or other existing data... United States (see paragraph (i)(1) of this section); (v) For architect-engineer services or construction... software, use the clause with its Alternate III. Any greater or lesser rights regarding the use...

47 CFR 87.199 - Special requirements for 406.0-406.1 MHz ELTs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... identification code, issued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the United States... code addressed to: NOAA/SARSAT Beacon Registration, E/SP3, Federal Building 4, Room 3320, 5200 Auth..., type of aircraft, alternate emergency contact, and other information as required by NOAA. The...

47 CFR 87.199 - Special requirements for 406.0-406.1 MHz ELTs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... identification code, issued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the United States... code addressed to: NOAA/SARSAT Beacon Registration, E/SP3, Federal Building 4, Room 3320, 5200 Auth..., type of aircraft, alternate emergency contact, and other information as required by NOAA. The...

Computerized Educational Delivery Strategies in Nine North American Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowles, John C.

1988-01-01

Results of survey of high technology educational delivery systems in nine two-year colleges (five in the United States and four in Canada) emphasize the use of computers to provide alternatives to traditional classroom teaching. Topics discussed include open education, self-paced (fleximode) learning, artificial intelligence, software, and…

Speech Recognition Thresholds for Multilingual Populations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramkissoon, Ishara

2001-01-01

This article traces the development of speech audiometry in the United States and reports on the current status, focusing on the needs of a multilingual population in terms of measuring speech recognition threshold (SRT). It also discusses sociolinguistic considerations, alternative SRT stimuli for second language learners, and research on using…

Neoliberal Contradictions in Two Private Niches of Educational "Choice"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, Marguerite Anne Fillion; Scarbrough, Burke

2018-01-01

This article brings together ethnographies of two privileged educational settings in the United States--a private school in California's Central Valley following the progressivist Sudbury model, and an affluent New England boarding school's summer enrichment program. Each of these institutions serves as an alternative to and/or extension of…

Sexuality, Schooling, and Teacher Identity Formation: A Critical Pedagogy for Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vavrus, Michael

2009-01-01

Offering an alternative to normative teacher education that excludes meaningful sexuality and gender education from its curriculum, this article presents a critical teacher education multicultural curriculum based in the United States that included an autoethnographic narrative assignment as reflective space for teacher candidates to consider…

76 FR 24860 - Request for Public Comments Concerning Regulatory Cooperation Between the United States and the...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-03

... mitigate those risks, and the costs and benefits associated with alternative regulatory approaches. This... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Request for Public Comments Concerning... key trading partners to promote free and open trade and investment while also protecting public health...

75 FR 82170 - Hours of Service of Drivers

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-12-29

....J., Hickman, J., Fumero, M.C., Olson, R.L. & Dingus, T.A., ``The Sleep of Commercial Vehicle Drivers... Significant Alternatives to the Proposed Rule which Minimize any Significant Impact on Small Entities C... 49 of the United States Code (49 U.S.C.)). The HOS regulations proposed today concern the ``maximum...

Fuel-cycle greenhouse gas emissions impacts of alternative transportation fuels and advanced vehicle technologies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-11-15

At an international conference on global warming, held in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997, the United States committed to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 7% over its 1990 level by the year 2012. To help achieve that goal, transportation G...

RNAi mediated, stable resistance to Triticum mosaic virus in wheat

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), discovered in 2006, affects wheat production systems in the Great Plains of the United States. There are no available TriMV resistant commercial varieties. RNA interference (RNAi) was evaluated as an alternative strategy to generate resistance to TriMV. An RNAi pANDA...

Evaluation of Breakthrough's "America 2049" Game

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diamond, James; Brunner, Cornelia

2011-01-01

Breakthrough, a global human rights organization, produced "America 2049," an alternate-reality game set in a dystopian future in which the United States is on the verge of breaking apart because of an inability to tolerate diversity and promote human rights. During the 12-week game launch, players uncovered artifacts related to the…

A Course on Energy Technology and Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edgar, Thomas F.

2007-01-01

The emerging energy situation in the United States puts chemical engineering at the forefront of the large research and education effort that will need to be undertaken during the next 20 years. Chemical engineering undergraduates and graduate students will need to be literate on energy alternatives and the interconnection of technology,…

Exploring the Digital Nation: Home Broadband Internet Adoption in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 2010

2010-01-01

The Internet has revolutionized the social and economic environment in which people live by providing an alternative or supplemental channel for communication, gathering and disseminating information, entertainment, commerce, and education. Household use of high-speed, or broadband, Internet services has risen dramatically during this decade which…

Boy Trouble: Rhetorical Framing of Boys' Underachievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Titus, Jordan J.

2004-01-01

This article examines discourse in the United States used to socially construct an "underachieving boys" moral panic. Employing discourse analysis I examine the adversarial rhetoric of claims-makers and the frames they deploy to undermine alternative and conflicting accounts (of females as disadvantaged) and to forestall any challenges to the…

Cytotoxicity of ethanolic extracts of Artemisia annua to Molt-4 human leukemia cells

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Cancer is the second cause of death in the United States, and current treatment is expensive and kills also healthy cells. Affordable alternatives that kill only cancer cells are needed. Artemisinin, extracted from the Artemisia annua, has potent anticancer activity and low toxicity to normal cell...

American Education, Entrepreneurship, and the Public Library.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thompson, Philip R.

1984-01-01

Discussion of compulsory school attendance in United States focuses on a national exodus from public schools into self-education or other alternative education by the 5 percent of the nation's children classified as gifted. Nurturing of the innovative mind and entrepreneurial daring by the public library movement is addressed. Six references are…

Implementation of a Matrix Organizational Structure: A Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whorton, David M.

The implementation of a matrix structure as an alternative to the traditional collegial/bureaucratic form at a college of education in a medium-size state university is described. Matrix organizational structures are differentiated from hierarchical bureaucratic structures by dividing the organization's tasks into functional units across which an…

International deployment of cooperative intelligent transportation systems : bilateral efforts of the European Commission and United States Department of Transportation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1995-08-18

This task report concerning alternative models of public and private sector involvement is the third in a series comprising the overall study, Overcoming Barriers to ITS - Lessons from Other Technologies: This report examines different ways the publi...

Drumming: An Innovative Alternative for Drug Addicted Individuals

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hill, John C.; Hains, Bryan; Ricketts, Kristina

2017-01-01

Drug abuse has been a persistent problem within the United States. Among the nation, Kentucky ranks third in drug overdose and drug mortality rates, with numbers quadrupling from 1999 to 2010. Recent statistics indicate drug offenders account or a significant portion of individuals within the criminal justice system, directly affecting the…

Infant Care--Does Anybody Care?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mills, Belen C.; And Others

1988-01-01

Discusses infant care in the United States by comparing U.S. practices of infant care to that in other industrialized nations. Suggests that in comparison to several other industrialized nations, the U.S. falls behind in providing support for mothers either to stay at home or to have quality alternative child care. (RJC)

Alternative Funding Options for Post-Secondary Correctional Education (Part Two)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Jon Marc

2005-01-01

Post-Secondary Correctional Education (PSCE) programs have been offered in United States penal faculties for half-a-century. The primary determinant of these program opportunities has been funding availability. With the exclusion of prisoner-students from participating in the Pell Grant financial aid program, approximately half of the existing…

Regenerating oak-dominated forests using irregular, gap-based silvicultural systems

Treesearch

John M. Lhotka; Michael R. Saunders; John M. Kabrick; Daniel C. Dey

2013-01-01

Throughout the Eastern United States, practitioners have primarily focused on using uniformly applied even-aged approaches to regenerate oak species. Irregular, gap-based silvicultural systems offer an alternative that retains continuous canopy cover, creates heterogeneous forest structure, and provides multiple income flows over a rotation. Although commonly used in...

Incorporating Integrative Health Services in Social Work Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gant, Larry; Benn, Rita; Gioia, Deborah; Seabury, Brett

2009-01-01

More than one third of Americans practice complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Social workers continue to provide most first-line health, mental health, and psychological referral and direct practice services in the United States, despite a lack of systematic education and training opportunities in CAM. Schools of social work are…

78 FR 78788 - Nondiscrimination in Programs or Activities Conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-27

... require that OASCR offer ADR services to complainants where appropriate. This amendment is intended to...'s Blueprint for Stronger Service. Offering ADR will expand the use of techniques currently applied... of agency program users. Alternative Dispute Resolution Services Offered to Program Complainants The...

Characterizing Tire Crumb Rubber for Exposure Assessment

EPA Science Inventory

Tire crumb rubber derived from recycled tires is widely used as infill material in synthetic turf fields in the United States. An estimated 95% of the over 12,000 installed fields in the U.S. use tire crumb rubber infill alone or mixed with sand or alternative materials. Concerns...

Analysis of alternative coordination methods at border ports of entry between the United States and Mexico.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2001-12-01

Phase 1: To identify the intersectorial coordination problems between public agencies in Mexico, the problems that originate from the lack of Bi-national Coordination at the Border Ports of Entry, and the costs derived from these problems. Phase 2: T...

77 FR 8898 - Certain Starter Motors and Alternators; Determination Not To Review an Initial Determination...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-02-15

... joint motion to terminate the investigation as to respondent Electric Motor Service, Inc. (EMS) of Logan... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation No. 337-TA-755] Certain Starter Motors and... for importation, and the sale within the United States after importation of certain starter motors and...

A study of amino acid modifiers in guayule natural rubber

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Natural rubber from the Hevea tree is a critical agricultural material vital to United States industry, medicine, and defense, yet the country is dependent on imports to meet domestic needs. Guayule, a desert shrub indigenous to the US, is under development as an alternative source of natural rubber...

77 FR 27547 - Federal Acquisition Regulation; Prohibition on Contracting With Inverted Domestic Corporations

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-10

... concerns are unlikely to have been incorporated in the United States and then reincorporated in a tax haven... assess all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential economic, environmental...

40 CFR 262.81 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... place for the purpose of submitting the wastes to recovery operations therein. Country of transit means... purpose of submitting them to recovery operations. When the United States (U.S.) is the country of export... recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses, which include: R1Use as a fuel (other...

40 CFR 262.81 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... place for the purpose of submitting the wastes to recovery operations therein. Country of transit means... purpose of submitting them to recovery operations. When the United States (U.S.) is the country of export... recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses, which include: R1Use as a fuel (other...

40 CFR 262.81 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... place for the purpose of submitting the wastes to recovery operations therein. Country of transit means... purpose of submitting them to recovery operations. When the United States (U.S.) is the country of export... recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses, which include: R1Use as a fuel (other...

40 CFR 262.81 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... place for the purpose of submitting the wastes to recovery operations therein. Country of transit means... purpose of submitting them to recovery operations. When the United States (U.S.) is the country of export... recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses, which include: R1Use as a fuel (other...

Single- and Multi-Prime Contracting in North Carolina Public Construction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bluestein, Frayda S.

1995-01-01

The North Carolina General Assembly directed the State Building Commission to study the comparative costs of multi- and single-prime contracting and report the results to the 1995 General Assembly. Describes the analysis of data collected from governmental units that had awarded construction contracts. Identifies some alternative contracting…

Aviation Futures to the Year 2000.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Urban Systems Research and Engineering, Inc., Cambridge, MA.

This document describes five alternative scenarios which present various conditions that may exist in the United States from now to the year 2000, and which would be important in shaping demand for air transportation. Each scenario describes the potential evolution of various socioeconomic conditions, along with a projection of the amount and type…

40 CFR 1500.2 - Policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., regulations, and public laws of the United States in accordance with the policies set forth in the Act and in... procedures required by law or by agency practice so that all such procedures run concurrently rather than... human environment. (e) Use the NEPA process to identify and assess the reasonable alternatives to...

Minority Ethnic Television in Los Angeles: A Multicultural Alternative.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoloff, David L.

1981-01-01

The increase in the number of low-power television stations may have profound effects on the volatile nature of multicultural interactions in the United States. The author examines three stations and suggests ways in which television may be used in the education of minority ethnic audiences. (MW)

Toxicological Assessments of Rats Exposed Prenatally to Inhaled Vapors of Gasoline and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends

EPA Science Inventory

The primary alternative to petroleum-based fuels is ethanol, which is blended with gasoline in the United States at concentrations up to 15% for most automobiles. Efforts to increase the amount of ethanol in gasoline have prompted concerns about the potential toxicity of inhaled ...

Advanced network planning for bus rapid transit : the "Quickway" model as a modal alternative to "Light Rail Lite"

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-02-01

Transit planning in the United States has tended toward viewing BRT as an analogue to light rail transit, with similar operating patterns. This model, referred to as Light Rail Lite, is compared to international best practices, which have often...

The Association of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with Socioeconomic Disadvantage: Alternative Explanations and Evidence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, Ginny; Ford, Tamsin; Rosenberg, Rachel; Kelly, Susan

2014-01-01

Background: Studies throughout Northern Europe, the United States and Australia have found an association between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and family socioeconomic disadvantage. We report further evidence for the association and review potential causal pathways that might explain the link. Methods: Secondary…

Applying Art and Action

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Viglione, Nick M.

2009-01-01

The education system in the United States is going through change. Consequently, curriculum and instructional delivery are focusing on math, reading, and science. This focus is causing an effect that reduces the amount of arts becoming infused into the school design. An alternative education program in a charter school has created a…

CTIC Cablebooks. Volume 2: A Guide for Local Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jesuale, Nancy, Ed.; And Others

The second in a two-part series, this volume presents 13 chapters discussing many of the most pressing cable policy issues facing local government, describing alternative policy options, and suggesting regulatory procedures successfully used by decision makers in the United States. Topics covered are (1) "The Rationale for Regulation,"…

Longitudinal Analysis of Teacher Education: The Case of History Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martell, Christopher Charles

2011-01-01

In the United States, learning history has traditionally been rooted in a transmission-oriented view of teaching and learning. From this perspective, teachers transfer their historical knowledge to their students. Alternatively, this dissertation positions itself within constructivist theories of teaching and learning, where learning is a process…

Polytobacco Use and the "Customization Generation"--New Perspectives for Tobacco Control

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horn, Kimberly; Pearson, Jennifer L.; Villanti, Andrea C.

2016-01-01

In recent years, the United States observed a significant uptake in concurrent use of multiple tobacco products and alternative nicotine delivery devices among youth--a phenomenon identified as polytobacco use--making tobacco control efforts more complex for clinicians, policy makers, and scientists, alike.The present commentary stimulates new…

Optical apparatus for forming correlation spectrometers and optical processors

DOEpatents

Butler, Michael A.; Ricco, Antonio J.; Sinclair, Michael B.; Senturia, Stephen D.

1999-01-01

Optical apparatus for forming correlation spectrometers and optical processors. The optical apparatus comprises one or more diffractive optical elements formed on a substrate for receiving light from a source and processing the incident light. The optical apparatus includes an addressing element for alternately addressing each diffractive optical element thereof to produce for one unit of time a first correlation with the incident light, and to produce for a different unit of time a second correlation with the incident light that is different from the first correlation. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the optical apparatus is in the form of a correlation spectrometer; and in other embodiments, the apparatus is in the form of an optical processor. In some embodiments, the optical apparatus comprises a plurality of diffractive optical elements on a common substrate for forming first and second gratings that alternately intercept the incident light for different units of time. In other embodiments, the optical apparatus includes an electrically-programmable diffraction grating that may be alternately switched between a plurality of grating states thereof for processing the incident light. The optical apparatus may be formed, at least in part, by a micromachining process.

Optical apparatus for forming correlation spectrometers and optical processors

DOEpatents

Butler, M.A.; Ricco, A.J.; Sinclair, M.B.; Senturia, S.D.

1999-05-18

Optical apparatus is disclosed for forming correlation spectrometers and optical processors. The optical apparatus comprises one or more diffractive optical elements formed on a substrate for receiving light from a source and processing the incident light. The optical apparatus includes an addressing element for alternately addressing each diffractive optical element thereof to produce for one unit of time a first correlation with the incident light, and to produce for a different unit of time a second correlation with the incident light that is different from the first correlation. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the optical apparatus is in the form of a correlation spectrometer; and in other embodiments, the apparatus is in the form of an optical processor. In some embodiments, the optical apparatus comprises a plurality of diffractive optical elements on a common substrate for forming first and second gratings that alternately intercept the incident light for different units of time. In other embodiments, the optical apparatus includes an electrically-programmable diffraction grating that may be alternately switched between a plurality of grating states thereof for processing the incident light. The optical apparatus may be formed, at least in part, by a micromachining process. 24 figs.

Cell phone recycling experiences in the United States and potential recycling options in Brazil.

PubMed

Silveira, Geraldo T R; Chang, Shoou-Yuh

2010-11-01

This paper presents an overview of cell phone recycling programs currently available in the United States. At the same time, it also provides analyses of the current recycling situation and possible recycling alternatives for Brazil. Although there are several recycling options in the United States, collection rates are still only 10% of all potential devices because customers are not aware of these possibilities. The whole system is financially based on reselling refurbished cell phones and recycled materials to developing countries which represent an effective and strong market. Several recyclers offer funds to collection partners who are either charities or who work with charities while obtaining the materials that they need in order to run their operations. A mobile phone recycling system for Brazil considering the United States experience and the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) principle is suggested. A deposit/refund/advance-recycling fee is proposed which might be implemented as a voluntary industrial initiative managed by PRO Brazil, a producer responsibility organization. One widespread public-private agreement will integrate all mobile phone stakeholders, and environmental education actions and promotional events will promote citizen's participation. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Translation of the Diabetes Prevention Program to Ethnic Communities in the United States.

PubMed

Hall, Daniel L; Lattie, Emily G; McCalla, Judith R; Saab, Patrice G

2016-04-01

The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), an evidenced-based lifestyle intervention for type 2 diabetes (T2D), has been translated for use with ethnic minority communities throughout the United States that are disproportionately at-risk for T2D. The present paper sought to critically review ethnic translation studies of the DPP with respect to translation methods utilized, the success of these methods, and alternative or supplemental methodologies for future translation efforts. Manuscripts reviewed were found by searching PubMed and PsycINFO, using the terms: "diabetes prevention program" AND ["translation" or "ethnic"]. Of 89 papers found, only 6 described ethnic translations of the DPP in the United States, and were included in this review. Translations of the DPP to African American, Hispanic/Latino, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, Arab American, and American Indian and Native Alaskan communities were identified and reviewed. The most common translation strategies included group-based delivery and use of bilingual study personnel. Generally, these factors appeared to increase acceptability of the intervention within the ethnic communities reviewed, and should be considered in future efforts to implement and translate the DPP to ethnic communities in the United States.

Alternative Governance Structures in Megacities: Threats or Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-01

Intelligence Stud- ies and Data Informatics at Mercyhurst University as well as a graduate of that program. She teaches intelli- gence communication...States imported $11.6 billion in oil in 2013;35 and Karachi, Pakistan, due to its location at the crossroad of India and China and its state’s con...offer sustainable long-term solu- tions to Karachi’s violent politics. 38 Lagos, Nigeria. Although the United States imports 70 percent less oil

CORRRECTIVE ACTION DECISION DOCUMENT FOR CORRECTIVE ACTION UNIT 427: AREA 3 SEPTIC WASTE SYSTEMS 2 AND 6, TONOPAH TEST RANGE, NEVADA, REVISION 0, JUNE 1998

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

ITLV.

1998-06-01

This Corrective Action Decision Document has been prepared for the Area 3 Septic Waste Systems 2 and 6 (Corrective Action Unit 427) in accordance with the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order of 1996 (FFACO, 1996). Corrective Action Unit 427 is located at the Tonopah Test Range, Nevada, and is comprised of the following Corrective Action Sites, each an individual septic waste system (DOE/NV, 1996a): Septic Waste System 2 is Corrective Action Site Number 03-05-002-SW02. Septic Waste System 6 is Corrective Action Site Number 03-05-002-SW06. The purpose of this Corrective Action Decision Document is to identify and provide a rationalemore » for the selection of a recommended corrective action alternative for each Corrective Action Site. The scope of this Correction Action Decision Document consists of the following tasks: Develop corrective action objectives. Identify corrective action alternative screening criteria. Develop corrective action alternatives. Perform detailed and comparative evaluations of the corrective action alternatives in relation to the corrective action objectives and screening criteria. Recommend and justify a preferred corrective action alternative for each CAS. From November 1997 through January 1998, a corrective action investigation was performed as set forth in the Corrective Action Investigation Plan for Corrective Action Unit No. 427: Area 3 Septic Waste System Numbers 2 and 6, Tonopah Test Range, Nevada (DOE/NV, 1997b). Details can be found in Appendix A of this document. The results indicated that contamination is present in some portions of the CAU and not in others as described in Table ES-1 and shown in Figure A.2-2 of Appendix A. Based on the potential exposure pathways, the following corrective action objectives have been identified for Corrective Action Unit 427: Prevent or mitigate human exposure to subsurface soils containing TPH at concentrations greater than 100 milligrams per kilogram (NAC, 1996b). Close Septic Tank 33-5 in accordance with Nevada Administrative Code 459 (NAC, 1996c). Prevent adverse impacts to groundwater quality. Based on the review of existing data, future land use, and current operations at the Tonopah Test Range, the following alternatives were developed for consideration at the Area 3 Septic Waste Systems 2 and 6: Alternative 1 - No Further Action Alternative 2 - Closure of Septic Tank 33-5 and Administrative Controls Alternative 3 - Closure of Septic Tank 33-5, Excavation, and Disposal The corrective action alternatives were evaluated based on four general corrective action standards and five remedy selection decision factors. Based on the results of this evaluation, the preferred alternative for Corrective Action Unit 427 is Alternative 2, Closure of Septic Tank 33-5 and Administrative Controls. The preferred corrective action alternative was evaluated on technical merit, focusing on performance, reliability, feasibility, and safety. The alternative was judged to meet all requirements for the technical components evaluated. The alternative meets all applicable state and federal regulations for closure of the site and will reduce potential future exposure pathways to the contaminated soils. During corrective action implementation, this alternative will present minimal potential threat to site workers who come in contact with the waste. However, procedures will be developed and implemented to ensure worker health and safety.« less

United States Air Force 611th Civil Engineer Squadron, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. Final engineering evaluation/cost analysis potential tce impact to the drinking water supply, Galena Airport, Alaska

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-02-05

This decision document presents the selected removal action to address potential trichloroethene (TCE) impact to drinking water supply wells, located in the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) site ST009, otherwise known as the West Unit, at Galena Airport, Alaska. The information fron the RI Report is summarized, along with an analysis of potential removal action alternatives, in the Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA).

The debate over weight- versus price-based taxation of snuff in the United States' state legislatures.

PubMed

Timberlake, David S; Sami, Mojgan; Patel, Sonam; Thiagarajan, Shamili; Badiyan, Ramin; Willard, Shay

2014-08-01

Discount snuff, known for its cheap price, high nicotine content, and popularity among youth, has increased substantially in market share in the United States. As a likely result, the leading manufacturer of premium snuff has supported legislation changing the basis for taxing snuff from price to weight. To determine which public health issues arose in legislative debates, we transcribed 17 of 52 bills from US state legislatures and coded for arguments broadly categorized into public health, fair taxation, tax revenue, tax efficiency, and anti-competitiveness. State legislators expressed frustration that equitable taxation, revenue generation, and prevention of youth tobacco use were frequently conflated in the debates. Public health advocates expressed concerns over youths' incentives to purchase low-weight snuff, but seldom discussed youths' growing preference for discount snuff. The evolving market of moist snuff is a critical consideration for US state legislators as well as policy makers from other countries who may evaluate taxation methods for alternate tobacco products.

Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across Communities in the United States

PubMed Central

Powell, Lisa M.; Rimkus, Leah; Isgor, Zeynep; Barker, Dianne C.; Ohri-Vachaspati, Punam; Chaloupka, Frank

2014-01-01

Objectives. We examined associations between the relative and absolute availability of healthier food and beverage alternatives at food stores and community racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and urban–rural characteristics. Methods. We analyzed pooled, annual cross-sectional data collected in 2010 to 2012 from 8462 food stores in 468 communities spanning 46 US states. Relative availability was the ratio of 7 healthier products (e.g., whole-wheat bread) to less healthy counterparts (e.g., white bread); we based absolute availability on the 7 healthier products. Results. The mean healthier food and beverage ratio was 0.71, indicating that stores averaged 29% fewer healthier than less healthy products. Lower relative availability of healthier alternatives was associated with low-income, Black, and Hispanic communities. Small stores had the largest differences: relative availability of healthier alternatives was 0.61 and 0.60, respectively, for very low-income Black and very low-income Hispanic communities, and 0.74 for very high-income White communities. We found fewer associations between absolute availability of healthier products and community characteristics. Conclusions. Policies to improve the relative availability of healthier alternatives may be needed to improve population health and reduce disparities. PMID:25211721

Assessing local market and organizational readiness for the integration of complementary and alternative medicine into ambulatory care centers.

PubMed

Makowski, Suzana K E

2004-01-01

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is one of the fastest growing segments of the health care industry today, with studies suggesting that between 30% and 50% of the adult population in the United States uses some form of CAM. Many ambulatory care centers are considering integrating CAM into their clinical services. This article will review some of the national trends and present a framework for assessing local market demand for CAM in order to help prioritize an organization's CAM integration strategy.

A review on microbial lipids as a potential biofuel.

PubMed

Shields-Menard, Sara A; Amirsadeghi, Marta; French, W Todd; Boopathy, Raj

2018-07-01

Energy security, environmental concerns, and unstable oil prices have been the driving trifecta of demand for alternative fuels in the United States. The United States' dependence on energy resources, often from unstable oil-producing countries has created political insecurities and concerns. As we try to gain energy security, unconventional oil becomes more common, flooding the market, and causing the major downshift of the usual unstable oil prices. Meanwhile, consumption of fossil fuels and the consequent CO 2 emissions have driven disruptions in the Earth's atmosphere and are recognized to be responsible for global climate change. While the significance of each of these three factors may fluctuate with global politics or new technologies, transportation energy will remain the prominent focus of multi-disciplined research. Bioenergy future depends on the price of oil. Current energy policy of the United States heavily favors petroleum industry. In this review, the current trend in microbial lipids as a potential biofuel is discussed. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

United States-Philippines bases agreements: prospect for its renewal. Research report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mahimer, S.M.

1988-05-01

Remarks on the problems and issues related to the United States-Philippines Bases Agreement and prospect for its renewal are included namely: analysis of the provisions of the new Philippine Constitution; ASEAN perspective on the bases; US policy on nuclear weapons and its interest and options; Philippine interests and priorities, including alternate plans to compensate for the possible withdrawal of the US from the Philippines; and then an assessment of the effects of these factors on the renewal of the Bases Agreement. There are difficulties and barriers to the renewal of the said Agreement posed by conflicting policies of both partiesmore » and also due to divergent views on priorities, constitutional processes of both countries, and time constraints for concluding an agreement. However there are options for the United States regarding the problem, depending upon the desired level of its presence in Asia/Pacific region and how central the Philippine bases are to US national security interests.« less

A foot in both worlds: education and the transformation of Chinese medicine in the United States.

PubMed

Flesch, Hannah

2013-01-01

Although insufficiently studied, schools of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) provide substantial insight into the transformation of medicine in the United States. Scholars have suggested that the increasing acceptance of CAM is due to its alignment with biomedical models of professionalization, education, research, and practice. At West Coast University, students of acupuncture and Oriental medicine learn to straddle both Western and Eastern medical worlds through an increasingly science-oriented curriculum and the inculcation of professional values associated with West Coast University's emphasis upon integration with Western medicine as a means of achieving professional status and legitimacy vis-à-vis the dominant biomedical paradigm. The implications of integration with biomedicine for the identity of Chinese medicine are discussed: from the perspective of critical medical anthropology, integration reproduces biomedical hegemony; paving the way toward co-optation of Chinese medicine, the subordination of its practitioners, and, ultimately, the constraint of medical pluralism in the United States.

Oral Health Care for Children in Countries Using Dental Therapists in Public, School-Based Programs, Contrasted with That of the United States, Using Dentists in a Private Practice Model

PubMed Central

Friedman, Jay W.; Nash, David A.

2013-01-01

The United States faces a significant problem with access to oral health care, particularly for children. More than 50 countries have developed an alternative dental provider, a dental therapist, practicing in public, school-based programs, to address children’s access to care. This delivery model has been demonstrated to improve access to care and oral health outcomes while providing quality care economically. We summarize elements of a recent major review of the global literature on the use of dental therapists, “A Review of the Global Literature on Dental Therapists: In the Context of the Movement to Add Dental Therapists to the Oral Health Workforce in the United States.” We contrast the success of a school-based model of caring for children by dental therapists with that of the US model of dentists providing care for children in private practices. PMID:23865650

How the United States exports managed care to developing countries.

PubMed

Waitzkin, H; Iriart, C

2001-01-01

As their expansion slows in the United States, managed care organizations will continue to enter new markets abroad. Investors view the opening of managed care in Latin America as a lucrative business opportunity. As public-sector services and social security funds are cut back, privatized, and reorganized under managed care, with the support of international lending agencies such as the World Bank, the effects of these reforms on access to preventive and curative services will hold great importance throughout the developing world. Many groups in Latin America are working on alternative projects that defend health as a public good, and similar movements have begun in Africa and Asia. Increasingly, this organizing is being recognized not only as part of a class struggle but also as part of a struggle against economic imperialism--which has now taken on the new appearance of rescuing less developed countries from rising health care costs and inefficient bureaucracies through the imposition of neoliberal managed-care solutions exported from the United States.

Mandating better buildings: a global review of building codes and prospects for improvement in the United States

DOE PAGES

Sun, Xiaojing; Brown, Marilyn A.; Cox, Matt; ...

2015-03-11

This paper provides a global overview of the design, implementation, and evolution of building energy codes. Reflecting alternative policy goals, building energy codes differ significantly across the United States, the European Union, and China. This review uncovers numerous innovative practices including greenhouse gas emissions caps per square meter of building space, energy performance certificates with retrofit recommendations, and inclusion of renewable energy to achieve “nearly zero-energy buildings”. These innovations motivated an assessment of an aggressive commercial building code applied to all US states, requiring both new construction and buildings with major modifications to comply with the latest version of themore » ASHRAE 90.1 Standards. Using the National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), we estimate that by 2035, such building codes in the United States could reduce energy for space heating, cooling, water heating and lighting in commercial buildings by 16%, 15%, 20% and 5%, respectively. Impacts on different fuels and building types, energy rates and bills as well as pollution emission reductions are also examined.« less

Contemporary Jus Ad Bellum on Use of Force in Self-Defense by States Against Non-State Terrorist Groups -- Limitations, Evolutions and Alternatives

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-01

seen in contemporary news headlines. One need only consider recent United States (U.S.) military action taken in Pakistan to kill Osama Bin Laden to...intelligence before leaving the country. News reports indicated that the Pakistani government was informed of the mission after it was well underway. While...U.S. relations with Pakistan reached a new low, with the leaking of the name of the Central Intelligence Agency’s (CIA’s) station chief in Pakistan

Consequence of alternative standards for bulk tank somatic cell count of dairy herds in the United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Comparison of dairy operations failing compliance with current US and European Union (EU) standards for bulk-tank somatic cell count (BTSCC) as well as BTSCC standards proposed by 3 national organizations were evaluated using 2 populations of US dairy herds: Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHI) ...

Population diversity of Puccinia graminis is sustained through sexual cycle on alternate hosts

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A high degree of virulence diversity has been maintained in the population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) in northwestern United States. Although Berberis vulgaris is present in the region and Pgt has been isolated from aecial infections on B. vulgaris, the population is too diverse to be...

Willful Ignorance and the Death Knell of Critical Thought

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rubin, Daniel Ian

2018-01-01

Independent, critical thought has never been more important in the United States. In the Age of Trump, political officials spout falsehoods called "alternative facts" as if they were on equal footing with researchable, scientific data. At the same time, an unquestioning populace engages in acts of "willful ignorance" on a daily…

Common Problems Experienced by First Year Alternatively Certified Teachers: A Qualitative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hung, Li-Ching; Smith, Cary Stacy

2012-01-01

The teacher shortage throughout the United States, especially in areas considered "at-risk," has reached an alarming level. Novice teachers often decide not to return after one year of service, with the number of teachers not returning doubling at five years. One possible means of overcoming these two problems is alternative…

United States Air Force Training Line Simulator. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nauta, Franz; Pierce, Michael B.

This report describes the technical aspects and potential applications of a computer-based model simulating the flow of airmen through basic training and entry-level technical training. The objective of the simulation is to assess the impacts of alternative recruit classification and training policies under a wide variety of assumptions regarding…

Self-Treatment of Pain in a Rural Area

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vallerand, April Hazard; Fouladbakhsh, Judith M.; Templin, Thomas

2004-01-01

In the United States, 42% of adults say they experience pain daily, the majority often relying on self-treatment. In addition, an increasing number of people are seeking complementary/alternative therapies, often without informing their health care providers. Purpose: To explore the occurrence of pain and the modalities of self-treatment used by…

Parkinsonia L.

Treesearch

Kristina F. Connor; Jane E. Rodgers; Carol Miller

2008-01-01

There are three noteworthy species of Parkinsonia grown in the United States. Palo verde is a thorny, green-barked shrub/small tree which can reach a height of 11 m. The name refers to the very noticeable green color of the smooth trunk of this drought-resistant tree of the hot southern deserts. The open-crowned trees have alternate, bipinnate...

The United States Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps: Looking to the Future

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-04

Brigadier General Robin G. Tornow Commandant, Air Force ROTC (Note 25) Over the years, Air Force ROTC has developed many strong points. Paramount among...maintaining a leaner and more capable force for the future. Brigadier General Robin G. Tornow Commandant, Air Force ROTC (Note 35) This alternative

Poverty, Literacy, and Politics: Living in the USA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shannon, Patrick

1996-01-01

Offers an extended discussion of poverty and class in America. Explores definitions of class and the government's role in the maintenance of poverty and wealth. Presents alternative explanations for the causes of poverty in the United States. Brings into question the functionalist axiom that literacy is a tool for school and economic success. (RS)

The Technician beneath Our Wings, or Is That Blades?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colony, Lee; Foster, John

2011-01-01

Today's trained technicians in alternative energy fields are finding even more career opportunities open to them as the United States and the world turn to green technology to power their homes and businesses. Wisconsin's Gateway Technical College is training workers for green collar careers in geoexchange heating and cooling systems, wind power…

46 CFR 115.600 - Drydock examination, internal structural examination, and underwater survey intervals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... a United States port, it must undergo the required examination before sailing. (c) If your vessel is... hull exams and two internal structural exams within any five-year period. If a vessel completes a satisfactory alternate hull exam, with the underwater survey portion conducted predominantly by an approved...

Waste. Choices for Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knaus, Andy; And Others

The purpose of this booklet is to provide an introduction to the many complex issues of waste management in the United States. It is designed to raise public awareness of the serious impact of current waste generation and disposal practices and to promote alternatives. It encourages citizens to involve themselves in decisions about the way waste…

America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being. 2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blachman, Dara; Laughlin, Lynda; Lukacs, Susan; Pastor, Patricia; Howie, LaJeana; Sonnenberg, William; Axelrad, Daniel; Steffen, Barry; Baum, Katrina; Lopez, Marsha; Jekielek, Susan; Nord, Mark; Morisi, Teri; Avenevoli, Shelli; Singleton, James; Colpe, Lisa; Fungwe, Thomas; Ghandour, Reem

2009-01-01

"America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being" provides annual updates on the well-being of children and families in the United States across a range of domains. A more detailed report alternates every other year with a condensed version that highlights selected indicators. This year, the Forum is publishing the full report…

Interracial-Interethnic Unions and Fertility in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fu, Vincent Kang

2008-01-01

How does the fertility of interracial and interethnic couples compare to the fertility of endogamous couples? If exogamous couples have transcended the boundary between them, then exogamy should not affect fertility. Alternatively, opposition to the relationship from the couple's family and friends may reduce fertility. This study uses 2000-2005…

Southern pulpwood production, 1984

Treesearch

Dennis M. May

1986-01-01

This publication presents the findings of 100-percent canvass of all wood-using pulpmills drawing roundwood or wood residues from the 12 southern states (fig. 1). Canvass data are compiled annually and analyzed on an alternating basis by personnel of the Forest Inventory and Analysis Units of the Southern and southeastern Forest Experiment Stations. All production...

Beyond Jefferson: The Rhetoric of Meritocracy and the Funding of Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nicholson, Barbara

2003-01-01

This article presents an excerpt of a declaration from the United States Department of Education's "Strategic Plan: 2002-2007." The declaration signifies in no uncertain terms that the battle waged by critics of alternative research methods continues, and is likely to intensify. The denigration of research methods which decline to adhere…

Criteria for the Evaluation of Student Loan Alternatives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dresch, Stephen P.

The objectives of student loan programs and the consequences of specific programmatic determinations are considered. In addition to the primary function of providing access to capital markets for the financing of human capital investment, the student loan system in the United States has been utilized as: (1) a mechanism to subsidize schooling…

75 FR 18238 - United States Section; Final Environmental Impact Statement, Flood Control Improvements and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-09

... engineering alternatives for long-term improvement of the Presidio FCP flood containment capacity. The EIS... Federal Register on February 26, 2010 for a 30-day wait period. Finding: Based on engineering, economic... existing levee and provide protection to the City of Presidio and adjacent agricultural areas from a 25...

75 FR 51619 - Privacy Act of 1974: Implementation of Exemptions; Department of Homeland Security/United States...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-23

... discrimination and misuse of E-Verify including: (1) Improving posters and providing alternative means of... detect misuse. In fact, AILA's suggestion regarding improving posters is supported by the compliance activity of determining whether the posters are actually being used by employers. The development of the...

A Qualitative Study of the "Doctor as Teacher" Principle in Naturopathic Medicine

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Matthew R.

2017-01-01

There is a field of complementary and alternative medicine known as naturopathic medicine. There are five naturopathic schools in the United States of America and two in Canada. Information regarding the practices and experiences of naturopathic physicians, especially relating to the principle of "doctor as teacher" is non-existent. The…

Re-Engineering the United States Marine Corps Special Education Program (SEP).

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-03-01

McDonald’s or Burger King based on personal preference. This simple decision has only two alternatives and relatively low consequences (the decision...In the example of restaurants seen above, a person would not be able to examine 2000 different franchises and select the best one in which to invest

Preparing Leaders for Math and Science: Three Alternatives to Traditional Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lochmiller, Chad R.; Huggins, Kristin S.; Acker-Hocevar, Michele A.

2012-01-01

Improving student achievement in math and science has become a priority in the United States. As instructional leaders, principals can influence instruction in these vital subjects by working with classroom teachers to improve their instruction. Surprisingly, the research about the principal's role in supporting instruction in these subjects is…

A Review of Life-Cycle Based Tools Used to Assess the Environmental Sustainability of Biofuels in the United States

EPA Science Inventory

There is no simple answer to the question “are materials from bio-based feedstocks environmentally preferable?” Bioenergy, as an alternative energy source, might be effective in reducing fossil fuel use and dependence, slowing or reducing global warming effects, and providing inc...

A large scale GIS geodatabase of soil parameters supporting the modeling of conservation practice alternatives in the United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Water quality modeling requires across-scale support of combined digital soil elements and simulation parameters. This paper presents the unprecedented development of a large spatial scale (1:250,000) ArcGIS geodatabase coverage designed as a functional repository of soil-parameters for modeling an...

Art Therapy Programs with At-Risk Students in Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varallo, Patrick A.

2012-01-01

Educating and meeting the multiple needs of students at risk of low academic achievement has been a growing concern for public schools in the United States. Many at-risk students require alternative school-based interventions. This study examined the operation, premise, and objectives of art therapy integrated in 14 school districts across the…

Forest carbon trends in the Southern United States

Treesearch

Robert A. Mickler; James E. Smith; Linda S. Heath

2004-01-01

Forest, agricultural, rangeland, wetland, and urban landscapes have different rates of carbon (C) sequestration and total C sequestration potential under alternative management options. Future changes in the proportion and spatial distribution of land use could increase or decrease the capacity of areas to sequester C in terrestrial ecosystems. As the ecosystems within...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Ethanol Fuel Basics

Science.gov Websites

ethanol. Ethanol Energy Balance In the United States, 95% of ethanol is produced from the starch in corn demonstrates a positive energy balance, meaning that the process of producing ethanol fuel does not require energy balance of ethanol because the feedstocks are either waste, co-products of another industry (wood

Kodak Picture Exchange--Online Access to Photographs and Images.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valauskas, Edward J.

1995-01-01

Describes the Kodak Picture Exchange that includes a database of over 200,000 photographic images collected from 28 stock photography companies in the United States that allows the user to search for images by topic. Highlights include installing the software, alternative search strategies, costs, manipulating images, and rules governing the use…

Carbon Dioxide: an alternative processing method for milk

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The shelf life of refrigerated fluid milk pasteurized at high temperature for a short time (HTST) in the United States is typically about 14 days, due to the eventual growth of heat-resistant bacteria and the off-flavors they produce. Fluid milk processors would like to achieve a shelf life of 60 t...

Using National Parks to Transform Physical Geology into an Inquiry Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Newbill, Phyllis Leary

2009-01-01

For an inquiry-based alternative to lectures and recall tests, I encouraged learners to become "geotourists"; that is, learners researched and developed a geologic guidebook to a United States National Park of their choice. Over the course of a semester, students wrote chapters on plate tectonics, the rock cycle, geologic history,…

Injections of Emamectin Benzoate protect Engelmann Spruce from mortality attributed to Spruce Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for two years

Treesearch

Christopher J. Fettig; Darren C. Blackford; Donald M. Grosman; A. Steven Munson

2017-01-01

In the western United States, protection of individual conifers from bark beetles typically involves liquid formulations of insecticides applied to the tree bole. Researchers attempting to find safer, more portable, and longer-lasting alternatives have evaluated injecting systemic insecticides directly into the tree.

Literature's Romantic Era: Historicists Re-Interpret It and Generate Controversy among Their Colleagues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Paul, Angus

1988-01-01

Using "historicist" techniques, scholars have offered challenging alternatives to standard views on the Romantic era. Historicists advocate yoking theories such as deconstruction with analyses of political, social, and other factors that played a role in the creation of period literature. An exhibit touring the United States is…

Phenology and biomass production of adapted and non-adapted tropical corn populations in Central Iowa

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Biofuel production in the Midwestern United States has largely focused on corn (Zea mays L.) grain for ethanol production and more recently, corn stover for lignocellulosic ethanol. As an alternative to conventional corn, tropical corn populations have been evaluated. Tropical corn is the term used ...

The Comic Book Project: Forging Alternative Pathways to Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bitz, Michael

2004-01-01

Many deep-rooted problems in urban areas of the United States--including crime, poverty, and poor health--correlate with illiteracy. The statistics reported by organizations such as the National Alliance for Urban Literacy Coalitions are telling. Urban citizens who cannot read sufficiently are at a clear disadvantage in life. They are more likely…

The Longitudinal Effect of Traumatic Stress and Attachment Difficulties on Academic Achievement for Young Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wolfgang, Jeff Drayton

2013-01-01

National educational achievement statistics show that academic underachievement is a significant problem for all students in the United States and for culturally diverse students in particular. The relationship of attachment and its interaction with traumatic stress has been proposed as an alternative explanation for the persistent…

Evaluation of fumigants, EPTC herbicide, and Paenibacillus macerans in the production of loblolly pine seedlings

Treesearch

Michelle M. Cram; Scott A. Enebak; Stephen W. Fraedrich; Lew D. Dwinell; Stanley J. Zarnoch

2007-01-01

Chloropicrin fumigation, Eptam 7-E (EPTC) herbicide, and Paenibacillus macerans seed treatments were evaluated as alternatives to fumigation with methyl bromide/chloropicrin for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedling production at three nurseries in the southern United States. A treatment of metam sodium/chloropicrin was also...

Serving, Learning, and Earning: An Overview of Three Organizations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vilorio, Dennis

2011-01-01

A traditional, full-time job isn't the only way to work. And opting for an alternative often yields benefits beyond work experience. Numerous organizations promote personal and professional development through service. These organizations train participants to address the needs of a community, either in the United States or abroad. By overcoming…

Mycorrhizal fungi and trees - a successful reforestation alternative for mineland reclamation

Treesearch

C. E. Cordell; L. F. Mans; D. H. Marx

2002-01-01

Successful consistent revegetation of drastically disturbed mine sites (in other words, acid coal spoils and mineral waste dumps) throughout the United States and several foreign countries has been achieved by using the biological "tools" - tree seedlings, native shrubs and grass species inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi. These trees and shrubs are custom-...

Is That All There Is? Taking Education to New Levels in the Social-Media Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mandviwalla, Munir; Schuff, David; Chacko, Manoj; Miller, Laurel

2013-01-01

Higher education in the United States faces major challenges: increased competition from non-traditional players, online programs that are eroding regional monopolies, shifting demographics, the perceived irrelevance of some degrees, and the development of low-cost certification alternatives to those degrees. In other industries, information…

Virtual Counseling for Students Enrolled in Online Educational Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Currie, Nikki S.

2010-01-01

Virtual schools are increasing in popularity as a method of providing formal education for a growing number of students in the United States. The economy, coupled with technological advances and parental demand for a more personalized, innovative, individually tailored, and high quality education alternative for their children has led to the…

76 FR 18505 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Northeast Skate Complex Fishery; Framework Adjustment 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-04

... alternatives for each of three principal management measures: (1) The primary possession limit affecting the... Management Plan (Skate FMP). Framework Adjustment 1 was developed by the New England Fishery Management... (IRFA), are available on request from Paul J. Howard, Executive Director, New England Fishery Management...

76 FR 28328 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Northeast Skate Complex Fishery; Framework Adjustment 1

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-17

... alternatives for each of three principal management measures: (1) The primary possession limit affecting the... measures in Framework Adjustment 1 to the Northeast Skate Complex Fishery Management Plan (Skate FMP). Framework Adjustment 1 was developed by the New England Fishery Management Council (Council) to adjust the...

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Schwan's Home Service Delivers With

Science.gov Websites

distribute products across the United States. For information about this project, contact Twin Cities Clean Cities Coalition. Download QuickTime Video QuickTime (.mov) Download Windows Media Video Windows Media (.wmv) Video Download Help Text version See more videos provided by Clean Cities TV and FuelEconomy.gov

78 FR 64534 - Certain Ink Application Devices and Components Thereof and Methods of Using the Same Commission...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-29

... INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION [Investigation No. 337-TA-832] Certain Ink Application Devices and..., and the sale within the United States after importation of certain ink application devices and... or, in the alternative, granting Complainants' motion for an ID finding T-Tech in default pursuant to...

77 FR 68723 - Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fisheries...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-16

... before December 3, 2012. ADDRESSES: An environmental assessment (EA) was prepared for the specifications... impacts of the proposed measures and alternatives. Copies of the Specifications Document, including the EA... excluded from detailed analysis in the Council's EA/RFA analyses. The Council analyzed three sets of...

Evaluation of the lake macroinvertebrate integrity index (LMII) and alternate indices for eastern U.S. lakes and reservoirs

EPA Science Inventory

We applied the Lake Macroinvertebrate Integrity Index (LMII) to 69 lakes and reservoirs across the eastern United States. Genus-level sub-littoral benthos samples, collected by EPA Regions 2 and 3 in 2007, were used to calcualte LMII scores for each lake. We investigated relation...

Differentiation at Higher Levels of Cognitive Ability: Evidence from the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kane, Harrison D.; Oakland, Thomas D.; Brand, Christopher R.

2006-01-01

Most psychologists and educators assume that intelligence is a linear construct, meaning that smart people simply have more intelligence than their less gifted peers. Likewise, individuals with mental retardation are thought to have less intelligence. In contrast to this widely accepted belief, the authors posed an alternative hypothesis--that…

Alternatives to preplant soil fumigation for Western forest nurseries.

Treesearch

Diane M. Hildebrand; Jeffrey K. Stone; Robert L. James; Susan J. Frankel

2004-01-01

Field trials at six bare-root forest tree nurseries in the Western United States compared cultural treatments including timing and depth of sowing; bare fallow (with and without periodic tilling); organic amendments including sawdust, composts, and cover crops; mulches including pine needles, sawdust, and rice straw; and fumigation with methyl bromide/chloropicrin or...

Managing Relative Decline: An Analysis of Foreign Policy Alternatives for the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-02-17

ineffective and exorbitantly expensive.39 Americans are more likely to be killed by a plethora of domestic threats (police, car accidents, and poverty ...decades with no sign of correction. It is unrealistic to expect that foreign policy will ever be divorced from domestic politics; thus, if not

78 FR 55244 - Notice of Availability of Record of Decision for Medical Facilities Development and University...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-10

... AGENCY: Department of the Navy, DoD. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The United States Department of the Navy... alternative for the University Expansion will provide adequate education and research space to meet Military Health System commitments to deliver training and post-graduate level education to the military medical...

Voices from the Field: Stakeholder Perspectives on PBIS Implementation in Alternative Educational Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swain-Bradway, Jessica; Swoszowski, Nicole Cain; Boden, Lauren J.; Sprague, Jeffrey R.

2013-01-01

The positive behavior interventions and supports (PBIS) framework is currently implemented in over 18,000 schools in the United States. Schools implementing PBIS with fidelity report school level benefits including decreases in problem behavior, increases in academic engaged time, and improved perceptions of school safety. While potential benefits…

An Alternative Theoretical Model: Examining Psychosocial Identity Development of International Students in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Eunyoung

2012-01-01

Despite the plethora of college student identity development research, very little attention has been paid to the identity formation of international students. Rather than adopting existing identity theories in college student development, this exploratory qualitative study proposes a new psychosocial identity development model for international…

The Chicago Project: An Alternative Resettlement Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Refugee Policy Group, Washington, DC.

This document reports on a model refugee resettlement project implemented in Chicago by the United States Catholic Conference. The project was initiated to document the incorrectness of the claim that the current dramatic reduction in U.S. refugee admissions is necessary due to the purported high cost of resettlement. The project served all…

Modeling Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure to Support Passenger Vehicles

DOE PAGES

Muratori, Matteo; Bush, Brian; Hunter, Chad; ...

2018-05-07

The year 2014 marked hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) first becoming commercially available in California, where significant investments are being made to promote the adoption of alternative transportation fuels. A refueling infrastructure network that guarantees adequate coverage and expands in line with vehicle sales is required for FCEVs to be successfully adopted by private customers. In this article, we provide an overview of modelling methodologies used to project hydrogen refueling infrastructure requirements to support FCEV adoption, and we describe, in detail, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's scenario evaluation and regionalization analysis (SERA) model. As an example, we use SERAmore » to explore two alternative scenarios of FCEV adoption: one in which FCEV deployment is limited to California and several major cities in the United States; and one in which FCEVs reach widespread adoption, becoming a major option as passenger vehicles across the entire country. Such scenarios can provide guidance and insights for efforts required to deploy the infrastructure supporting transition toward different levels of hydrogen use as a transportation fuel for passenger vehicles in the United States.« less

Modeling Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure to Support Passenger Vehicles

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Muratori, Matteo; Bush, Brian; Hunter, Chad

The year 2014 marked hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) first becoming commercially available in California, where significant investments are being made to promote the adoption of alternative transportation fuels. A refueling infrastructure network that guarantees adequate coverage and expands in line with vehicle sales is required for FCEVs to be successfully adopted by private customers. In this article, we provide an overview of modelling methodologies used to project hydrogen refueling infrastructure requirements to support FCEV adoption, and we describe, in detail, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's scenario evaluation and regionalization analysis (SERA) model. As an example, we use SERAmore » to explore two alternative scenarios of FCEV adoption: one in which FCEV deployment is limited to California and several major cities in the United States; and one in which FCEVs reach widespread adoption, becoming a major option as passenger vehicles across the entire country. Such scenarios can provide guidance and insights for efforts required to deploy the infrastructure supporting transition toward different levels of hydrogen use as a transportation fuel for passenger vehicles in the United States.« less

Alternative Architectures for Distributed Work in the National Airspace System

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Philip J.; Billings, Charles E.; Chapman, Roger; Obradovich, Heintz; McCoy, C. Elaine; Orasanu, Judith

2000-01-01

The architecture for the National Airspace System (NAS) in the United States has evolved over time to rely heavily on the distribution of tasks and control authority in order to keep cognitive complexity manageable for any one individual. This paper characterizes a number of different subsystems that have been recently incorporated in the NAS. The goal of this discussion is to begin to identify the critical parameters defining the differences among alternative architectures in terms of the locus of control and in terms of access to relevant data and knowledge. At an abstract level, this analysis can be described as an effort to describe alternative "rules of the game" for the NAS.

Vernal Pool Conservation in Connecticut: An Assessment and Recommendations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Preisser, Evan L.; Kefer, Jennifer Yelin; Lawrence, Jessica D.; Clark, Tim W.

2000-11-01

Vernal pools, a variety of ephemeral wetlands, are threatened in many areas of the United States. As habitat fragmentation and degradation increase, some vernal pool amphibian species are declining in numbers. Uneven implementation of state regulations further hampers effective conservation. To prevent further species decline and vernal pool loss, we evaluated alternatives for improving vernal pool conservation. We used transcripts from a recent vernal pool conference, interviews with members of relevant interest groups, and a literature review to determine opportunities for and constraints on improving vernal pool conservation policy. Participants from different interest groups had very diverse views about appropriate protection strategies. We have examined these different perspectives and alternatives and offer policy recommendations on both the state and local level. These recommendations can foster awareness of vernal pools as unique habitats, increase protection of these areas, and expand citizen participation in the vernal pool regulatory process.

Landscape change in the Southern Piedmont: Challenges, solutions and uncertainty across scales

USGS Publications Warehouse

Conroy, M.J.; Allen, Craig R.; Peterson, J.T.; Pritchard, L.; Moore, C.T.

2003-01-01

The southern Piedmont of the southeastern United States epitomizes the complex and seemingly intractable problems and hard decisions that result from uncontrolled urban and suburban sprawl. Here we consider three recurrent themes in complicated problems involving complex systems: (1) scale dependencies and cross-scale, often nonlinear relationships; (2) resilience, in particular the potential for complex systems to move to alternate stable states with decreased ecological and/or economic value; and (3) uncertainty in the ability to understand and predict outcomes, perhaps particularly those that occur as a result of human impacts. We consider these issues in the context of landscape-level decision making, using as an example water resources and lotic systems in the Piedmont region of the southeastern United States. Copyright ?? 2003 by the author(s). Published here under licence by The Resilience Alliance.

Conservation status of North American freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the southern United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Loughman, Zachary J.; Welsh, Stuart A.; Fetzner, James W.; Thoma, Roger F.

2015-01-01

A list is provided of all crayfishes (family Cambaridae) in the southern United States, which includes common names, global conservation status, an alternative review of the conservation status based on the IUCN red list criteria, and state distribution. This list includes 357 native crayfishes, of which 12 (3.4%) are critically endangered, 37 (10.4%) are endangered, 126 (35.3%) are vulnerable, 181 (50.7%) are lower risk, and 1 (0.3%) is not evaluated. The leading factors causing imperilment are restricted ranges caused by anthropogenic impacts from changes in land use, contaminants, invasion by non-indigenous species, and habitat fragmentation. In order to conserve and manage diversity of native crayfish, consistency is needed in determining conservation status and more complete distribution and life history information are needed for about 60% of species.

Alternative Approaches to Assessing Nonresponse Bias in Longitudinal Survey Estimates: An Application to Substance-Use Outcomes Among Young Adults in the United States

PubMed Central

West, Brady Thomas; McCabe, Sean Esteban

2017-01-01

Abstract We evaluated alternative approaches to assessing and correcting for nonresponse bias in a longitudinal survey. We considered the changes in substance-use outcomes over a 3-year period among young adults aged 18–24 years (n = 5,199) in the United States, analyzing data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. This survey collected a variety of substance-use information from a nationally representative sample of US adults in 2 waves: 2001–2002 and 2004–2005. We first considered nonresponse rates in the second wave as a function of key substance-use outcomes in wave 1. We then evaluated 5 alternative approaches designed to correct for nonresponse bias under different attrition mechanisms, including weighting adjustments, multiple imputation, selection models, and pattern-mixture models. Nonignorable attrition in a longitudinal survey can lead to bias in estimates of change in certain health behaviors over time, and only selected procedures enable analysts to assess the sensitivity of their inferences to different assumptions about the extent of nonignorability. We compared estimates based on these 5 approaches, and we suggest a road map for assessing the risk of nonresponse bias in longitudinal studies. We conclude with directions for future research in this area given the results of our evaluations. PMID:28338839

Economic and market issues on the sustainability of egg production in the United States: analysis of alternative production systems.

PubMed

Sumner, D A; Gow, H; Hayes, D; Matthews, W; Norwood, B; Rosen-Molina, J T; Thurman, W

2011-01-01

Conventional cage housing for laying hens evolved as a cost-effective egg production system. Complying with mandated hen housing alternatives would raise marginal production costs and require sizable capital investment. California data indicate that shifts from conventional cages to barn housing would likely cause farm-level cost increases of about 40% per dozen. The US data on production costs of such alternatives as furnished cages are not readily available and European data are not applicable to the US industry structure. Economic analysis relies on key facts about production and marketing of conventional and noncage eggs. Even if mandated by government or buyers, shifts to alternative housing would likely occur with lead times of at least 5 yr. Therefore, egg producers and input suppliers would have considerable time to plan new systems and build new facilities. Relatively few US consumers now pay the high retail premiums required for nonconventional eggs from hens housed in alternative systems. However, data from consumer experiments indicate that additional consumers would also be willing to pay some premium. Nonetheless, current data do not allow easy extrapolation to understand the willingness to pay for such eggs by the vast majority of conventional egg consumers. Egg consumption in the United States tends to be relatively unresponsive to price changes, such that sustained farm price increases of 40% would likely reduce consumption by less than 10%. This combination of facts and relationships suggests that, unless low-cost imports grew rapidly, requirements for higher cost hen housing systems would raise US egg prices considerably while reducing egg consumption marginally. Eggs are a low-cost source of animal protein and low-income consumers would be hardest hit. However, because egg expenditures are a very small share of the consumer budget, real income loss for consumers would be small in percentage terms. Finally, the high egg prices imposed by alternative hen housing systems raise complex issues about linking public policy costs to policy beneficiaries.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicle Charging for Multi-Unit

Science.gov Websites

Dwellings Electric Vehicle Charging for Multi-Unit Dwellings to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicle Charging for Multi-Unit Dwellings on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicle Charging for Multi-Unit Dwellings on Twitter Bookmark

Electrical generating unit inventory 1976-1986: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jansen, S. D.

1981-09-01

The ORBES region consists of all of Kentucky, most of West Virginia, substantial parts of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, and southwestern Pennsylvania. The inventory lists installed electrical generating capacity in commercial service as of December 1, 1976, and scheduled capacity additions and removals between 1977 and 1986 in the six ORBES states (Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia). The following information is included for each electrical generating unit: unit ID code, company index, whether point or industrial ownership, plant name, whether inside or outside the ORBES region, FIPS county code, type of unit, size in megawatts, type of megawatt rating, status of unit, data of commercial operation, scheduled retirement date, primary fuel, alternate fuel, type of cooling, source of cooling water, and source of information.

Use of alternative medicine by patients in a rural family practice clinic.

PubMed

del Mundo, Winfred F B; Shepherd, William C; Marose, Thomas D

2002-03-01

There has been an increasing awareness of the use of alternative medicine and its effect on health care in the United States. However, no previous study has looked at its use among primary care patients in a rural setting. We conducted this study to determine the patterns of use of alternative medicine in this population. A questionnaire was distributed to 750 adult patients in a family practice clinic in northern Pennsylvania. Our response rate was 88% (664/750). Forty-seven percent of patients reported using at least one form of alternative medicine during the past year The most-common types used were chiropractic (used by 17.2% of respondents), relaxation techniques (16.9%), herbal medicine (16.9%), and massage (14.2%). The patients surveyed used alternative medicine more for its benefits than because of dissatisfaction with conventional medicine. Only 51% of patients told their physician about their use of alternative medicine. A significant number of rural family practice patients are using alternative medicine. To better address their patients' needs, primary care physicians should routinely ask patients about their use of alternative medicine and advise them accordingly.

An esthetic alternative to clearcutting?

Treesearch

H. Clay Smith; Neil I. Lamson; Gary W. Miller

1989-01-01

Although deferment cutting is not a practice common in the United States, it has been used in Europe to harvest some forest stands. After a deferment cutting, the residual stand resembles a seed tree cut; however, residual trees are not cut when the regenerated stand becomes established. Instead, residual trees remain until the regenerated stand is at the end of a...

The Use of Telecommunication to Deliver Services to Rural and Urban Vocational Rehabilitation Clients

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ipsen, Catherine; Rigles, Bethany; Arnold, Nancy; Seekins, Tom

2012-01-01

Telecommunication offers a cost-saving alternative to face-to-face vocational rehabilitation (VR) service delivery, yet little is known about the current use. This article describes findings from an exploratory survey of 1,187 counselors, representing 13 VR agencies across the United States. The online survey explored agency, counselor, and client…

75 FR 2463 - Continuing Contract for Civil Works Project Managed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-15

..., Continuing Contracts (Alternate). The Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act of 2006 (06 E&WDA... either the operation and maintenance (O&M) account in the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act... reserved. Section 103 of the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2010, Public Law 111-85. If...

Beyond Organic and Fair Trade? An Analysis of Ecolabel Preferences in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Howard, Philip H.; Allen, Patricia

2010-01-01

The success of alternative food initiatives indicates increasing interest in changing the way food is produced, processed, and sold. Ecolabels such as organic and Fair Trade have entered the mainstream marketplace, and other voluntary identifiers on products are emerging to address criteria not included in these successful initiatives. Little is…

Alternative sampling designs and estimators for annual surveys

Treesearch

Paul C. Van Deusen

2000-01-01

Annual forest inventory systems in the United States have generally converged on sampling designs that: (1) measure equal proportions of the total number of plots each year; and (2) call for the plots to be systematically dispersed. However, there will inevitably be a need to deviate from the basic design to respond to special requests, natural disasters, and budgetary...

Reframing the Dominant Diversity Discourse: Alternate Conversations for Creating Whole System Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Golom, Frank D.

2018-01-01

Diversity and inclusion (D&I) efforts in higher education are decades old, yet progress continues to be slow and elusive for many campuses. Recent events in colleges and universities across the United States suggest that long-standing challenges related to access, equity and inclusion remain as entrenched and intractable as they have ever…

Weed Growth and Efficacy of Pre-Applied Herbicides in Alternative Rooting Substrates Used in Container-Grown Nursery Crops

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Container-grown nursery crops in the Southeastern United States are typically grown in a rooting substrate comprised primarily of the ground bark of pine trees. However pine bark is becoming less available and more costly due to changes in production and marketed practices within Southeastern pine f...

Effects of the Decline in Social Capital on College Graduates' Soft Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andreas, Sarah

2018-01-01

Both businesses and recent college graduates in the United States attribute the lack of soft skills in recent college graduates to the colleges' inability to prepare students for the workforce. This article explores the literature on social capital, human capital and social learning theory, offering an alternative hypothesis for why recent…

Initial response of individual soft mast-producing plants to different forest regeneration methods in the Ouachita Mountains

Treesearch

Roger W. Perry; Ronald E. Thill; Philip A. Tappe; David G. Peitz

2004-01-01

Abstract - Recent policy changes have eliminated clearcutting as the primary pine regeneration method on Federal lands in the Southern United States. However, the effects of alternative natural regeneration methods on soft mast production are unknown. We compared plant coverage and mast production of 37 soft mast-producing plants among four...

Advancing individual tree biomass prediction: assessment and alternatives to the component ratio method

Treesearch

Aaron Weiskittel; Jereme Frank; David Walker; Phil Radtke; David Macfarlane; James Westfall

2015-01-01

Prediction of forest biomass and carbon is becoming important issues in the United States. However, estimating forest biomass and carbon is difficult and relies on empirically-derived regression equations. Based on recent findings from a national gap analysis and comprehensive assessment of the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (USFS-FIA) component...

Tolerance and Liberty: Answering the Academic Left's Challenge to Homeschooling Freedom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farris, Michael

2013-01-01

Millions of children in the United States are educated in the home. Millions more receive their education from private institutions. For parents, a common reason for seeking alternatives to public education is the desire to ensure that they receive instruction in accord with their religious beliefs. In many cases, these beliefs include exclusive…

From Partnerships to Networks: New Approaches for Measuring U. S. National Heritage Area Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laven, Daniel N.; Krymkowski, Daniel H.; Ventriss, Curtis L.; Manning, Robert E.; Mitchell, Nora J.

2010-01-01

National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are an alternative and increasingly popular form of protected area management in the United States. NHAs seek to integrate environmental objectives with community and economic objectives at regional or landscape scales. NHA designations have increased rapidly in the last 20 years, generating a substantial need for…

Wood strands as an alternative to agricultural straw for erosion control

Treesearch

Randy B. Foltz; James H. Dooley

2004-01-01

Agricultural straw is used in forested areas of the United States for erosion control on burned areas, harvest landings, decommissioned road prisms, road cuts and fills, and other areas of disturbed soil. However, an increased agronomic and ecological value for straw; an increased utilization for energy production, fiber panels, and other higher value uses; a...

The Evolving Role of Marriage: 1950-2010

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lundberg, Shelly; Pollak, Robert A.

2015-01-01

Since 1950, marriage behavior in the United States has changed dramatically. Though most men and women still marry at some point in their lives, they now do so later and are more likely to divorce. Cohabitation has become commonplace as either a precursor or an alternative to marriage, and a growing fraction of births take place outside marriage.…

Chamaebatiaria millefolium (Torr.) Maxim.: fernbush

Treesearch

Nancy L. Shaw; Emerenciana G. Hurd

2008-01-01

Fernbush - Chamaebatiaria millefolium (Torr.) Maxim. - the only species in its genus, is endemic to the Great Basin, Colorado Plateau, and adjacent areas of the western United States. It is an upright, generally multistemmed, sweetly aromatic shrub 0.3 to 2 m tall. Bark of young branches is brown and becomes smooth and gray with age. Leaves are leathery, alternate,...

Alternative approaches to urban natural areas restoration: integrating social and environmental goals

Treesearch

Paul H. Gobster

2012-01-01

Ecological restoration incorporates land management principles and activities aimed at returning a damaged or degraded ecosystem back to a key historic trajectory in order to achieve goals of ecosystem health, integrity, and sustainability. In the United States, many restorationists look to ecological conditions present before the time of European settlement as the key...

Alternative Health Care Practitioners in a Chinese American Community: A Preliminary Report of Findings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kao, Jessica Ching-Yi

This paper provides a brief review of the literature on traditional Chinese medicine in both China and the United States and presents observations from a preliminary study of Chinese practitioners in the Chinatown section of Los Angeles, California. The dualistic health care system in Chinese culture is described as comprising both scholarly and…

Herbal Remedies Used by Selected Migrant Farmworkers in El Paso, Texas

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poss, Jane; Pierce, Rebecca; Prieto, Veronica

2005-01-01

Little is known about the use of complementary and alternative medicine among the approximately 1.6 million migrant farmworkers in the United States. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of medicinal plants and natural remedies among a convenience sample of 100 migrant farmworkers living temporarily in a migrant worker center in El…

Income in the United States: 2002. Current Population Reports. Consumer Income.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeNavas-Walt, Carmen; Cleveland, Robert W.; Webster, Bruce H., Jr.

Using data from the 2003 Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement, this study found that real median household money income declined by 1.1 percent between 2001-2002 to $42,409. Real median household income was unchanged between 2001-2002 for three of four alternative income definitions. The fourth, real median household…

Balancing Interests: Rethinking U.S. Selection of Skilled Immigrants. International Migration Policy Program 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Papademetriou, Demetrios G.; Yale-Loehr, Stephen

The Carnegie Endowment's International Migration Policy Program convened a study group to review and develop alternative approaches to the way foreign workers gain access to the United States through the employment-based immigration stream. This study, a product of that effort, focuses on the selection of people admitted under work-related…

Differences Between Magnitudes and Health Impacts of BC Emissions Across the United States Using 12 km Scale Seasonal Source Apportionment

EPA Science Inventory

Recent assessments have analyzed the health impacts of PM2.5 from emissions from different locations and sectors using simplified or reduced-form air quality models. Here we present an alternative approach using the adjoint of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, wh...

Images of Australia in Elementary Social Studies Texts: Some Alternative Strategies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Birchall, Gregory; Faichney, Gavin

Elementary social studies textbooks in the United States were analyzed to determine the sort of information they contained about Australia. Only those texts which made substantive references to Australia were analyzed; these included 4 books for level 3, 2 for level 4, and 4 for level 6. Books examined were all published by major textbook…

Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicles and Fueling Infrastructure : Alternative Fuels & Life-Cycle Engineering Program : November 29, 2006 to November 28, 2011

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-20

Wind turbines located on sites known as wind farms have become popular in the United States and elsewhere because they may be able to reduce, if not replace, the use of fossil fuels for energy production. The development of wind farms has been partic...

Energy for Survival: The Alternative to Extinction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Wilson

The author initially describes the basic physical principles associated with energy and the rise of energy usage in the United States. Also discussed are the ways energy limits growth and its use in various sectors of society. It is suggested that the decentralization of America's electrical system will save a great deal of energy. A variety of…

Offshore Oil Drilling: Buying Energy Independence or Buying Time?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Stephen L.

2008-01-01

This article addresses the issues and concerns about offshore oil drilling in the United States. The demand for energy is going up, not down, and for a long time, even as alternative sources of energy are developed, more oil will be needed. The strongest argument against drilling is that it could distract the country from the pursuit of…

An Economic Analysis of Investment in the United States Shipbuilding Industry

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

using U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) input/output data and the “Leontief inversion process” modeled at Carnegie Mellon University. This... modeled at Carnegie Mellon University. This sector was compared with five alternative investments. Second, the benefits of the shipyard-related...EIO-LCA Model ..................................39 2. Shipyard Direct Labor Trends .........................................................43 viii 3

Transition Classes: Alternative Learning Environments That Perpetuate Inappropriate Curriculum in Surrounding Grades.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ostrowski, Patricia Maslin

Many schools across the United States have created a new grade between kindergarten and first grade, called transition classes, to deal with low-achieving kindergarten and first-grade students. Upon completion of the transition class, students return to a regular class, where they usually remain a year behind their age cohorts. This paper presents…

Intelligent Cells and the Body as Conversation: The Democratic Rhetoric of Mindbody Medicine.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Darwin, Thomas J.

1999-01-01

Discusses how "mindbody" medicine has become the most prominent version of alternative medicine in the United States. Notes that it advocates an equality of patient and physicians in the deliberative process of treating illness and maintaining health; it also argues, on scientific grounds, that the body is a vast cellular democracy,…

Comparison of alternative kudzu control measures on a before-tax basis in Mississippi

Treesearch

Donald L. Grebner; Andrew W. Ezell; Jon D. Prevost

2010-01-01

Kudzu [Pueraria Montana var. lobata (Willd.)] was initially planted in the Southern United States for a variety of uses. Changing land use and homestead abandonment over time has lead to the spread of kudzu across the countryside. The species may now be considered as the original invasive exotic species in the South. Currently, it...

Education and Earnings: Empirical Findings from Alternative Operationalizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kominski, Robert

Data from the third-wave interview of the 1984 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) are used to assess the empirical impact of a SIPP item concerning educational attainment on the regression of earnings on educational attainment. The SIPP is a longitudinal survey conducted by the United States Census Bureau to measure…

A 10-KILOWATT, RANKINE CYCLE, WASTE-TO-ENERGY CONVERSION MODULE UTILIZING ULTRA MICRO TURBO-ALTERNATORS - PHASE II

EPA Science Inventory

In 2011, there were 60,000 dairy farms in the United States. Of these, 56,600 had herds of fewer than 500 animals. Currently, manure digester installations are only considered economical for herds of at least 500 animals. These require turbine or diesel generator sets of 10...

The value of versatile alley cropping in the Southeast US: A Monte Carlo simulation

Treesearch

Michael A. Cary; Gregory E. Frey; D. Evan Mercer

2014-01-01

Alley cropping offers a potential alternative to traditional land management practices. However, its implementation in the United States is extremely limited and general awareness and knowledge of alley cropping is lacking. While alley cropping does have a few barriers to entry, the cost of maintaining hedgerow products and foregone returns from primary crops...

Forecasting resource-allocation decisions under climate uncertainty: fire suppression with assessment of net benefits of research

Treesearch

Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Geoffrey H. Donovan

2008-01-01

Making input decisions under climate uncertainty often involves two-stage methods that use expensive and opaque transfer functions. This article describes an alternative, single-stage approach to such decisions using forecasting methods. The example shown is for preseason fire suppression resource contracting decisions faced by the United States Forest Service. Two-...

The "Real Experience" Industry: Student Development Projects and the Depoliticisation of Poverty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hickel, Jason

2013-01-01

Participation in development projects in the Global South has become one of the most sought-after activities among American and British high school graduates and college students. In the United States this often takes the form of Alternative Spring Break trips, while in Britain students typically pursue development work during their "gap…

Educating Emergent Bilinguals: Policies, Programs, and Practices for English Learners. Second Edition. Language and Literacy Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia, Ofelia; Kleifgen, Jo Anne

2018-01-01

Now available in a revised and expanded edition, this accessible guide introduces readers to the issues and controversies surrounding the education of language minority students in the United States. What makes this book a perennial favorite are the succinct descriptions of alternative practices for transforming our schools and students' futures,…

Growing American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) in Forestlands

Treesearch

R.C. Vaughan; J.L. Chamberlain; J.F. Munsell

2011-01-01

Farming alternative crops, like American ginseng, is becoming more popular among forestland owners. Ginseng is a native medicinal herb and can be deliberately cultivated under a forest canopy. In recent surveys, over 40 percent of landowners in the Southeastern United States indicated a desire for more information on forest farming (Workman et al. 2003), and over half...

Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education. Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Office of Technology Assessment.

With an estimated 17-22 million animals used in laboratories annually in the United States, public interest in animal welfare has sparked an often emotional debate over such uses of animals. Concerns focus on balancing societal needs for continued progress in biomedical and behavioral research, for toxicity testing to safeguard the public, and for…

Different Reasons for One Significant Choice: Factors Influencing Homeschooling Choice in Israel

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guterman, Oz; Neuman, Ari

2017-01-01

Homeschooling is an alternative to conventional education in many countries all over the world, though legal regulations vary. This article examines why parents opt for homeschooling. The large body of research on the topic (especially from the United States) points to a variety of reasons for making the choice to homeschool. The most common…

Conjugal Succession and the American Kinship System.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Furstenberg, Frank F., Jr.

Although not the preferred type of family formation, conjugal succession is now an accepted, if not expected, alternative to continuous marriage in the United States. This new trend appears to be related to a shift in the meaning of matrimony. Previously, marriage was part of a cultural pattern of transitions and as such was closely timed to…

Using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales-21 with U.S. Adolescents: An Alternate Models Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Stephanie A.; Dowdy, Erin; Furlong, Michael J.

2017-01-01

As part of universal screening efforts in schools, validated measures that identify internalizing distress are needed. One promising available measure, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21), has yet to be thoroughly investigated with adolescents in the United States. This study investigated the underlying factor structure of the…

Influence of salinity and boron on germination, seedling growth and transplanting mortality of guayule: a combined growth chamber and greenhouse study

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A.Gray), a drought tolerant plant, originating from southwestern United States and northern Mexico, is considered to be a promising rubber-producing plant for arid and semiarid areas. To evaluate the potential of guayule as an alternative crop for saline boron-laden so...

Alternative Therapeutic Strategies With the Urban Negro.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sarles, Harvey B.

Social pressures in the United States are explained in the context of group identification and group behavior. The urban scene is made up of a number of groups, or subcultures, which have parallel structures along socio-economic, and nationality-color-ethnic lines. These groups act as if they had a structured plan. It is shown how this plan is…

Alternative and Professional Doctoral Programs: What Is Driving the Demand?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Servage, Laura

2009-01-01

As part of an overall massification of higher education, enrollments in doctoral programs are expanding. At the same time, doctoral studies are subject to much scrutiny and reform in Australia, the UK and the United States. This work examines policy documents related to doctoral reform from these countries in order to offer a critique of their…

Effects of high-melting methyl esters on crystallization properties of fatty acid methyl ester mixtures

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Biodiesel is a renewable alternative diesel fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats. The most common form of biodiesel in the United States are fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from soybean, canola, and used cooking oils, waste greases, and tallow. Cold flow properties of biodiesel depend on th...

Exploring how alternative mapping approaches influence fireshed assessment and human community exposure to wildfire

Treesearch

Joe H. Scott; Matthew P. Thompson; Julie W. Gilbertson-Day

2015-01-01

Attaining fire-adapted human communities has become a key focus of collaborative planning on landscapes across the western United States and elsewhere. The coupling of fire simulation with GIS has expanded the analytical base to support such planning efforts, particularly through the "fireside" concept that identifies areas where wildfires could ignite and...

Mathematics Instruction in US Psychiatric Schools for Secondary Students with Emotional/Behavioural Disorders or Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maccini, Paula; Gagnon, Joseph Calvin; Mulcahy, Candace; Wright, Kenneth

2013-01-01

Students served in alternative and segregated settings tend to receive educational services that are not on par with their public school peers. To develop a better understanding of the problem, the authors conducted a national study of secondary psychiatric schools in the United States. Specifically, the authors administered a survey to…

Evaluation of host-plant resistance of selected rice genotypes to the rice water weevil (Coleoptera:Curculionidae)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The rice water weevil (RWW), Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, is the most important economic insect pest of rice in the United States. Currently, management of RWW mainly depends upon the use of insecticides due to the lack of effective alternate management tactics. A three year field study was co...

Effects of different silvicultural systems on initial soft mast production

Treesearch

Roger W. Perry; Ronald E. Thill; David G. Peitz; Philip A. Tappe

1999-01-01

Recent policy changes by federal land management agencies such as the United States [Department of Agriculture] Forest Service have led to increased use of silvicultural systems other than clearcutting. Because soft mast is an integral part of wildlife habitat and the effects of these alternative silviculture systems on soft mast production are unknown, we evaluated...

The National School Safety Center's Report on School Associated Violent Deaths

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National School Safety Center (NJ1), 2010

2010-01-01

A school-associated violent death is any homicide, suicide, or weapons-related violent death in the United States in which the fatal injury occurred: (1) on the property of a functioning public, private or parochial elementary or secondary school, Kindergarten through grade 12, (including alternative schools); (2) on the way to or from regular…

Simulations of alternative mechanical thinning treatment programs on western timberland

Treesearch

Karen L. Abt; Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Kenneth E. Skog; R. James Barbour; Miles A, Hemstrom; Robert J. Huggett

2011-01-01

We used the Economics of Biomass Removals model to evaluate the required treatment acreages, volumes removed, treatment costs and product revenues from national forest and other ownerships. We used three distinct treatment prescriptions to achieve two hazard reduction goals for treatable timberlands in the Western United States. The two hazard reduction goals were to...

Improving the Dissemination of United States Government Information: The Report of the Public Printer's Sales Publications Pricing Panel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foss, Stuart M.

1991-01-01

Eleven issues were considered in study of Government Printing Office's Sales of Publications Program in areas such as pricing, marketing, program administration, and appeals of disputed prices. Sales Program study of documents pricing and government information dissemination proposes testing of alternative approaches to current pricing, increasing…

Recovery of forest residues in the Southern United States

Treesearch

Bryce J. Stokes; Donald L. Sirois

1989-01-01

In the mid 1970's, the accelerated price increases for petroleum products forced rapid exploration into and adoption of alternative energy sources. A viable option for the forest industry was the recovery of woody biomass from unmerchantable trees and logging residues. Several studies estimated that an abundance of such forest materials existed in the southeastern...

An Existential Approach: An Alternative to the AA Model of Recovery

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogers, Maria A.; Cobia, Debra

2008-01-01

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is the most widely used organization for the treatment of alcoholism. AA's philosophy has changed how many people view themselves and their substance use. The majority of substance abuse programs in the United States use the 12 steps, either by making them the basis of their treatment program, or by introducing AA to…

Combating Gangs: Better Coordination and Performance Measurement Would Help Clarify Roles of Federal Agencies and Strengthen Assessment of Efforts. Report to the Ranking Member, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives. GAO-09-708

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

US Government Accountability Office, 2009

2009-01-01

The Department of Justice (DOJ) estimates that the United States has about a million gang members. While state and local agencies have primary responsibility for combating gang crime, the federal government has key roles to enforce laws and help fund programs to provide alternatives to gang membership for at-risk youth. GAO was asked to examine…

Motor vehicle crash deaths related to police pursuits in the United States.

PubMed

Rivara, F P; Mack, C D

2004-04-01

To determine the number and characteristics of motor vehicle crash deaths related to police pursuits in the United States. Analysis of the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the Crashworthiness Data System of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for the years 1994-2002. There were 2654 fatal crashes involving 3965 vehicles and 3146 fatalities during the nine year study period. Of these, 1088 were to people not in the fleeing vehicle. These crashes often occurred at high speed, in the night, on local roads. Most of the pursued drivers had prior motor vehicle related convictions. Many deaths related to police pursuits are to innocent victims. Given that most of the pursued drivers had prior convictions, alternative means of detaining them should be explored.

Assessment of alternative power sources for mobile mining machinery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cairelli, J. E.; Tomazic, W. A.; Evans, D. G.; Klann, J. L.

1981-01-01

Alternative mobile power sources for mining applications were assessed. A wide variety of heat engines and energy systems was examined as potential alternatives to presently used power systems. The present mobile power systems are electrical trailing cable, electrical battery, and diesel - with diesel being largely limited in the United States to noncoal mines. Each candidate power source was evaluated for the following requirements: (1) ability to achieve the duty cycle; (2) ability to meet Government regulations; (3) availability (production readiness); (4) market availability; and (5) packaging capability. Screening reduced the list of candidates to the following power sources: diesel, stirling, gas turbine, rankine (steam), advanced electric (batteries), mechanical energy storage (flywheel), and use of hydrogen evolved from metal hydrides. This list of candidates is divided into two classes of alternative power sources for mining applications, heat engines and energy storage systems.

Assessment of alternative power sources for mobile mining machinery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cairelli, J. E.; Tomazic, W. A.; Evans, D. G.; Klann, J. L.

1981-12-01

Alternative mobile power sources for mining applications were assessed. A wide variety of heat engines and energy systems was examined as potential alternatives to presently used power systems. The present mobile power systems are electrical trailing cable, electrical battery, and diesel - with diesel being largely limited in the United States to noncoal mines. Each candidate power source was evaluated for the following requirements: (1) ability to achieve the duty cycle; (2) ability to meet Government regulations; (3) availability (production readiness); (4) market availability; and (5) packaging capability. Screening reduced the list of candidates to the following power sources: diesel, stirling, gas turbine, rankine (steam), advanced electric (batteries), mechanical energy storage (flywheel), and use of hydrogen evolved from metal hydrides. This list of candidates is divided into two classes of alternative power sources for mining applications, heat engines and energy storage systems.

Assessment of Characteristics and Remedial Alternatives for Abandoned Mine Drainage: Case Study at Staple Bend Tunnel Unit of Allegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, 2004

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-01-01

water quality-Northern Appalachian Basin, In Brady, K. B. C., Smith, M. W., and Schueck, J. H., (eds.), Coal Mine Drainage Prediction and Pollution ...United States: Water , Air, and Soil Pollution , v. 50, p. 91-107. Hyman, D. M., and Watzlaf, G. R., 1997, Metals and other components of coal mine...Advances in the hydrochemistry and microbiology of acid mine waters : International Geology Review, v. 42, p. 499-515. Nordstrom, D. K., and Alpers, C

"Immunization mobile" brings protection to children in southeastern Idaho.

PubMed Central

Stanger, L

1987-01-01

The problem that needs to be addressed is the 58 percent immunity level among 2-year-olds in southeastern Idaho, a level created by the indifference or fear of parents. Southeastern Idaho has the highest birth rate of any region in the State, and this situation has created a large group of children susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases. The mobile unit, which consists of a specially equipped motor home, allows easy access to immunizations for groups of children and their parents. A search of the computerized record system installed in the mobile unit can provide data on past immunizations for each registered child. The target audience for the mobile unit's visits is church groups because of the particular cultural demographics of this region. In 1987, the District Seven Health Department, a State- and county-funded agency, expects to increase the number of doses of vaccine given by 3,000 over the 19,953 given in 1986. The "Shots for Tots" program is unique in the State of Idaho. Its expansion may be anticipated as the unit becomes better known in the region. The alternative to using aggressive, innovative techniques to motivate people to become immunized is disease. Images p545-a PMID:3116586

An overview of the energy situation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pitts, D. R.

1978-01-01

Beginning with a historical review of the domestic pattern of energy usage, the current dependence of the United States upon dwindling petroleum resources is examined. The possible limit of petroleum usage is discussed, and recent oil production trends are presented. Coupling these with projected analyses of OPEC oil productive capability in the early 1980's indicates a serious worldwide as well as American energy problem in the next decade. The need for conservation and rapid development of application of alternative energy resources is discussed including quantitative projections of significant conservation efforts as well as estimates of domestic alternative energy resource capabilities.

Phytoestrogens: a viable option?

PubMed

Russell, Lori; Hicks, G Swink; Low, Annette K; Shepherd, Jinna M; Brown, C Andrew

2002-10-01

Estrogen replacement therapy is one of the most commonly prescribed medicines in the United States by traditional medical professionals. Over the past decade, the market for complementary/ alternative therapies for hormone replacement has dramatically increased. Women are seeking more "natural" alternatives to treat menopausal symptoms. Well-designed randomized clinical trials are often lacking, as is the information on efficacy and safety. This article will review several popular herbal therapies for menopausal symptoms including phytoestrogens, black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), dong quai (Angelica sinensis), chast tree (Vitex agnus-castus), and wild Mexican yam. Their use, mechanism of action, and adverse effects are outlined.

Going off the dole: a prudential and ethical critique of the healthfare state.

PubMed

Spicker, S F

1993-06-01

The present 'healthfare' state in the United States is neither practically nor morally justified. The nation currently fails to provide adequate access to health care for tens of millions of uninsured citizens. To suggest that the United States' half-million physicians should provide their care as charity is an inadequate solution. The transfer of assets from the 'haves' to the 'have-nots' through taxation in a 'healthfare state' undermines human compassion, and fails to respect minimal moral requirements. However, alternative strategies are possible. During the next 20 years health care could come to be financed on the basis of sound quasi-libertarian moral and prudential principles. In the interim deliberate political action is required to achieve novel health policy, available and affordable job and career training, and universal employment. It is possible to achieve universal access to adequate health care while sustaining individual choice, and at the same time to reduce or virtually eliminate taxpayer-subsidized health care. This approach would, in time, eliminate the healthfare state and eventually encourage and even require citizens to go off the healthfare dole.

Simulation of fault performance of a diesel engine driven brushless alternator through PSPICE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Narayanan, S.S.Y.; Ananthakrishnan, P.; Hangari, V.U.

1995-12-31

Analysis of the fault performance of a brushless alternator with damper windings in the main alternator has been handled ab initio as a total modeling and simulation problem through proper application of Park`s equivalent circuit approach individually to the main exciter alternator units of the brushless alternator and the same has been implemented through PSPICE. The accuracy of the parameters used in the modeling and results obtained through PSPICE implementation are then evaluated for a specific 125 kVA brushless alternator in two stages as followed: first, by comparison of the predicted fault performance obtained from simulation of the 125 kVAmore » main alternator alone treated as a conventional alternator with the results obtained through the use of closed form analytical expressions available in the literature for fault currents and torques in such conventional alternators. Secondly, by comparison of some of the simulation results with those obtained experimentally on the brushless alternator itself. To enable proper calculation of derating factors to be used in the design of such brushless alternators, simulation results then include harmonic analysis of the steady state fault currents and torques. Throughout these studies, the brushless alternator is treated to be on no load at the instant of occurrence of fault.« less

Factors influencing preferences for alternative medicine by Korean Americans.

PubMed

Kim, Jeongseon; Chan, Mabel M

2004-01-01

Use of alternative medicine among the public has increased rapidly over the last few decades. Studies on alternative health care have been conducted on the general public and on major ethnic groups, but not on Korean Americans, who are one of the fastest growing Asian populations in the United States. This study was a cross-sectional survey of 143 Korean Americans in the Greater New York Metropolitan area; all of them were users of alternative medicine. Inter-correlations of hypothetical demographic predictors and preferences for alternative medicine were obtained. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors influencing alternative medicine preferences. Most of the respondents answered that they preferred alternative medicine because of philosophical congruence, i.e. they found alternative therapies compatible with their values, world views, spiritual/religious philosophies, and beliefs regarding the nature and meaning of health and illness. The results show that younger, well-educated respondents, with significant acculturation level, and have stayed in the US for a relatively short period of time preferred alternative medicine. The information derived from this and similar studies may be of potential value to the biomedical community, governmental agencies, insurance companies and managed care organizations.

Weather data for simplified energy calculation methods. Volume II. Middle United States: TRY data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Olsen, A.R.; Moreno, S.; Deringer, J.

1984-08-01

The objective of this report is to provide a source of weather data for direct use with a number of simplified energy calculation methods available today. Complete weather data for a number of cities in the United States are provided for use in the following methods: degree hour, modified degree hour, bin, modified bin, and variable degree day. This report contains sets of weather data for 22 cities in the continental United States using Test Reference Year (TRY) source weather data. The weather data at each city has been summarized in a number of ways to provide differing levels ofmore » detail necessary for alternative simplified energy calculation methods. Weather variables summarized include dry bulb and wet bulb temperature, percent relative humidity, humidity ratio, wind speed, percent possible sunshine, percent diffuse solar radiation, total solar radiation on horizontal and vertical surfaces, and solar heat gain through standard DSA glass. Monthly and annual summaries, in some cases by time of day, are available. These summaries are produced in a series of nine computer generated tables.« less

Restoring grassland savannas from degraded pinyon-juniper woodlands: effects of mechanical overstory reduction and slash treatment alternatives

Treesearch

Dale G. Brockway; Richard G. Gatewood; Randi B. Paris

2002-01-01

Although the distribution and structure of pinyon-juniper woodlands in the Southwestern United States are thought to be the result of historic fluctuations in regional climatic conditions, more recent increases in the areal extent, tree density, soil erosion rates, and loss of understory plant diversity are attributed to heavy grazing by domestic livestock and...

Impact of alternative electrical stunning parameters on the ability of broilers to recover consciousness and meat quality

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Broilers in the United States are typically electrically stunned using low voltage-high frequency (12-38V, =400Hz) DC or AC water bath stunners. In the European Union, however, broilers are required to be electrocuted using high voltage-low frequency (50-150V, 50-350Hz) AC. Low voltage stunned broil...

Deletions of the SACPD-C locus elevate seed stearic acid levels but also result in fatty acid and morphological alterations in nitrogen fixing nodules

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Soybean (Glycine max) seeds are the primary source of edible oil in the United States. Despite its widespread utility, soybean oil is oxidatively unstable. Until recently, the majority of soybean oil underwent chemical hydrogenation, a process which generates trans fats. An alternative to chemical h...

Alternative forest resource use - outdoor recreation and rural economics

Treesearch

Ellene Kebede; John Schelhas; Janet Haslerig

2008-01-01

Since the 1980s demand for outdoor recreation has been increasing in the United States. Growing income and change in lifestyles have been cited as factors contributing to the increase in demand. This period also coincided with a decline in timber prices and loss of income to forest land owners. Forest-based recreation has intensified as a part of forest management...

77 FR 14801 - Request for Information (RFI) on Design of a Pilot Operational Study To Assess Alternative Blood...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-13

... Incidence Surveillance Group. Estimated HIV Incidence in the United States, 2006-2009. PLoS One. 2011;6(8... donors who meet all other donor eligibility criteria, and have negative pre-donation test results, would...' disease), and a serologic test for syphilis. A pre-donation testing strategy would focus on the prevalence...

The impact of the export and import of raw logs on domestic timber supplies and prices.

Treesearch

David R. Darr; Richard W. Haynes; Darius M. Adams

1980-01-01

Reviews U.S. foreign and domestic markets for softwood construction materials, giving special consideration to trade patterns among Japan, Canada, and the United States. For alternative assumptions about market responses to a ban of U.S. softwood log exports, displays impacts on selected measures of U.S. softwood stumpage, lumber, and plywood markets.

Oak leaf roller: contact toxicity of four insecticides applied to the larvae

Treesearch

Lula E. Greene; Marion Page

1974-01-01

A defoliator of oak and witch-hazel, the oak leaf roller (Archips semiferanus [Walker]) is found in large numbers in northeastern United States and in southwest Ontario, Canada. DDT was formerly used to control this insect. As a preliminary step in finding alternatives to DDT for field testing against the oak leaf roller, four insecticides were...

Used Pallets as a Source of Pellet Fuel: Current Industry Status

Treesearch

P.B. Aruna; Jan G. Laarman; Philip A. Araman; Edward Coulter; Frederick Cubbage

1997-01-01

U.S. companies discard approximately 4 billion board feet per year of wood pallets and containers. Manufacturing fuel pellets from this wasted wood may be an alternative to disposal. This study traces the development of biomass energy and the wood pellet industry in the United States and considers the production aspects of making pellets from used pallets. In addition...

Restorative Justice in U.S. Schools: Summary Findings from Interviews with Experts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guckenburg, Sarah; Hurley, Nancy; Persson, Hannah; Fronius, Trevor; Petrosino, Anthony

2015-01-01

This report is part of a larger body of work by the WestEd Justice and Prevention Research Center focusing on restorative justice (RJ) as an alternative to traditional responses to student misbehavior in schools across the United States. This work seeks to document the current breadth of evidence on the subject, provide a more comprehensive…

Qualification Procedures for VHSIC/VLSI

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

alternative approach for qualification of complex microcircuits. To address the technical issues related to a process oriented qualification approach, the...methodology of microcircuit process control to promote the United States to a position of supplying the nighest quality and most reliable...available resources . o Coordinate document reviews with weekly and monthly status reviews on progress. o Summarize results and collate into four basic

Report on Wellesley Conference on Equal Pay and Equal Opportunity Policy in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ratner, Ronnie Steinberg

After a brief discussion of conference background and structure, these proceedings identify and summarize equal pay and employment policy issues discussed at a four-day working conference of sixty-five people from twelve advanced industrialized countries. Focus is on progress to date and alternative strategies for implementing policies. Strategies…

Pre-Service Teacher Training in Malawi: Findings of a Pilot Study on the Viability of Media Players for Teacher Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carrier, Carol; Finholt-Daniel, Matt; Sales, Gregory C.

2012-01-01

As part of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support project, a sub-task was the piloting of an alternative technology that could be used for improving the quality and consistency of teacher continued professional development (CPD). The pilot, which included 26 open and…

Marriage, Abortion, or Unwed Motherhood? How Women Evaluate Alternative Solutions to Premarital Pregnancies in Japan and the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hertog, Ekaterina; Iwasawa, Miho

2011-01-01

In this article, the authors argue that to understand the very low incidence of outside-of-marriage childbearing in contemporary Japan one needs to take into account perceptions of all possible solutions to a premarital pregnancy: marriage, abortion, and childbearing outside wedlock. To demonstrate the particular impact of these perceptions in…

Preparing Ideologically Clear Bilingual Teachers: Honoring Working-Class Non-Standard Language Use in the Bilingual Education Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alfaro, Cristina; Bartolomé, Lilia

2017-01-01

Mexicanos/Chicanos in the United States have historically suffered derision and mistreatment by the mainstream culture because of their use of nonstandard Spanish and English, as well as codeswitching (alternating between two or more languages or language varieties). In the field of education, codeswitching and the use of nonstandard English and…

The forest and agricultural sector optimization model (FASOM): model structure and policy applications.

Treesearch

Darius M. Adams; Ralph J. Alig; J.M. Callaway; Bruce A. McCarl; Steven M. Winnett

1996-01-01

The Forest and Agricultural Sector Optimization Model (FASOM) is a dynamic, nonlinear programming model of the forest and agricultural sectors in the United States. The FASOM model initially was developed to evaluate welfare and market impacts of alternative policies for sequestering carbon in trees but also has been applied to a wider range of forest and agricultural...

The Widening Gap: A New Book on the Struggle To Balance Work and Caregiving. Research-in-Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rahmanou, Hedieh

This research brief presents some main findings from a study of employer-based support systems in the United States to help families meet their caregiving responsibilities, and focuses on the failure of existing policies to support caregiving responsibilities of low-income parents and women. The brief also presents policy alternatives to help…

Projections of the Population of the United States, by Age, Sex, and Race: 1983 to 2080.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spencer, Gregory

1984-01-01

Based on assumptions about fertility, mortality, and net immigration trends, statistical tables depict the future U.S. population by age, sex, and race. Figures are based on the July 1, 1982, population estimates and race definitions and are projected using the cohort-component method with alternative assumptions for future fertility, mortality,…

A Comparison of Alternative Strategies for Cost-Effective Water Quality Management in Lakes

Treesearch

Daniel Boyd Kramer; Stephen Polasky; Anthony Starfield; Brian Palik; Lynn Westphal; Stephanie Snyder; Pamela Jakes; Rachel Hudson; Eric Gustafson

2006-01-01

Roughly 45% of the assessed lakes in the United States are impaired for one or more reasons. Eutrophication due to excess phosphorus loading is common in many impaired lakes. Various strategies are available to lake residents for addressing declining lake water quality, including septic system upgrades and establishing riparian buffers. This study examines 25 lakes to...

A Comparison of Alternate Approaches to Creating Indices of Academic Rigor. Research Report 2012-11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beatty, Adam S.; Sackett, Paul R.; Kuncel, Nathan R.; Kiger, Thomas B.; Rigdon, Jana L.; Shen, Winny; Walmsley, Philip T.

2013-01-01

In recent decades, there has been an increasing emphasis placed on college graduation rates and reducing attrition due to the social and economic benefits, at both the individual and national levels, proposed to accrue from a more highly educated population (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011). In the United States in particular, there is a concern…

NACSA Charter School Replication Guide: The Spectrum of Replication Options. Authorizing Matters. Replication Brief 1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Neill, Paul

2010-01-01

One of the most important and high-profile issues in public education reform today is the replication of successful public charter school programs. With more than 5,000 failing public schools in the United States, there is a tremendous need for strong alternatives for parents and students. Replicating successful charter school models is an…