Sample records for united states forests
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Managing national forests of the eastern United States for non-timber forest products
James L. Chamberlain; Robert J. Bush; A.L. Hammett; Philip A. Araman
2000-01-01
Over the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the economic and ecological potential of non-timber forest products. In the United States, much of this increased interest stems from drastic changes in forest practices and policies in the Pacific Northwest region, a region that produces many non-timber forest products. The forests of the eastern United States...
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Map of forest ownership in the conterminous United States. [Scale 1:7,500,000].
Mark D. Nelson; Greg C. Liknes; Brett J. Butler
2010-01-01
This map depicts the spatial distribution of forest land across the conterminous United States, in 2007, differentiated into public vs. private forest land, and the percentage of corporate ownership of private forest land. Notable differences between eastern and western United States are evident on the map. Over two-thirds of western forest land is publicly owned, the...
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Forest carbon management in the United States: 1600-2100
Richard A. Birdsey; Kurt Pregitzer; Alan Lucier
2006-01-01
This paper reviews the effects of past forest management on carbon stocks in the United States, and the challenges for managing forest carbon resources in the 21st century. Forests in the United States were in approximate carbon balance with the atmosphere from 1600-1800. Utilization and land clearing caused a large pulse of forest carbon emissions during the 19th...
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Multiple value forest surveys in the Midsouth states
Victor A. Rudis
1990-01-01
State-of-the-art achievement and limitations in integrating water, range, wildlife, and recreation ("nontimber") inventories with forest surveys of the USDA-Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment station, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Unit are reviewed.The FIA Unit surveys private and public forests in 7 Midsouth states:Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana...
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Use of stock to maintain and construct trails in the eastern United States
Eric Sandeno
2007-01-01
Trail construction and reconstruction utilizing stock is rare in the eastern United States. The Hoosier National Forest is the only forest in the Eastern Region of the Forest Service with its own pack string. The Hoosier is also the only forest in the eastern United States to utilize pack strings from western forests to complete trail work within wilderness. For the...
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Recent drought conditions in the Conterminous United States
Frank H. Koch; William D. Smith; John W. Coulston
2013-01-01
Droughts are common in virtually all U.S. forests, but their frequency and intensity vary widely both between and within forest ecosystems (Hanson and Weltzin 2000). Forests in the Western United States generally exhibit a pattern of annual seasonal droughts. Forests in the Eastern United States tend to exhibit one of two prevailing patterns: random occasional droughts...
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Forest management and water in the United States [Chapter 13
Daniel G. Neary
2017-01-01
This chapter outlines a brief history of the United States native forests and forest plantations. It describes the past and current natural and plantation forest distribution (map, area, main species), as well as main products produced (timber, pulp, furniture, etc.). Integrated into this discussion is a characterization of the water resources of the United States and...
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Global context for the United States Forest Sector in 2030
James Turner; Joseph Buongiorno; Shushuai Zhu; Jeffrey P. Prestemon
2005-01-01
The purpose of this study was to identify markets for, and competitors to, the United States forest industries in the next 30 years. The Global Forest Products Model was used to make predictions of international demand, supply, trade, and prices, conditional on the last RPA Timber Assessment projections for the United States. It was found that the United States, Japan...
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Map of distribution of six forest ownership types in the conterminous United States
Jaketon H. Hewes; Brett J. Butler; Greg C. Liknes; Mark D. Nelson; Stephanie A. Snyder
2014-01-01
This map depicts the spatial distribution of ownership types across forest land in the conterminous United States circa 2009. The distribution is derived, in part, from Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data that are collected at a sample intensity of approximately one plot per 2400 ha across the United States (U.S. Forest Service 2012). Ownership categories were...
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Chapter4 - Drought patterns in the conterminous United States and Hawaii.
Frank H. Koch; William D. Smith; John W. Coulston
2014-01-01
Droughts are common in virtually all U.S. forests, but their frequency and intensity vary widely both between and within forest ecosystems (Hanson and Weltzin 2000). Forests in the Western United States generally exhibit a pattern of annual seasonal droughts. Forests in the Eastern United States tend to exhibit one of two prevailing patterns: random occasional droughts...
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Executive Summary: Forests of the Northern United States
Stephen R. Shifley; Francisco X. Aguilar; Nianfu Song; Susan I. Stewart; David J. Nowak; Dale D. Gormanson; W. Keith Moser; Sherri Wormstead; Eric J. Greenfield
2012-01-01
This executive summary provides an overview of the 200-page report, Forests of the Northern United States, which covers in detail current forest conditions, recent trends, issues, threats and opportunities in the forests in the 20 Northern States. It provides a context for subsequent Northern Forest Futures Project analyses that will forecast alternative future...
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Michael J. Dockry
2015-01-01
The United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service (Forest Service) manages 154 national forests and 20 grasslands in 44 states and Puerto Rico. National Forest Land and Resource Management Plans (forest plans) form the basis for land and resource management of national forests in the United States. For more than a decade the Forest Service has been attempting...
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David N. Wear; Robert Huggett; Ruhong Li; Benjamin Perryman; Shan Liu
2013-01-01
The 626 million acres of forests in the conterminous United States represent significant reserves of biodiversity and terrestrial carbon and provide substantial flows of highly valued ecosystem services, including timber products, watershed protection benefits, and recreation. This report describes forecasts of forest conditions for the conterminous United States in...
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C.C. Grier; K.M. Lee; N.M. [and others] Nadkarni
1989-01-01
Data on net primary biological productivity of United States forests are summarized by geographic region. Site factors influencing productivity are reviewed. This paper is a review of existing literature in the productivity of various forest regions of the United States, the influence of site factors on forest productivity, and the impact of various...
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Nonnative forest insects and pathogens in the United States: impacts and policy options
Gary M. Lovett; Marissa Weiss; Andrew M. Liebhold; Tom Holmes; Brian Leung; Kathy-Fallon Lambert; David A. Orwig; Faith T. Campbell; Jonathan Rosenthal; Deborah G. McCullough; Radka Wildova; Matthew P. Ayres; Charles D. Canham; David R. Foster; Shannon L. LaDeau; Troy Weldy
2016-01-01
We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects and diseases in the United States, including their ecological and economic impacts, pathways of arrival, distribution within the United States, and policy options for reducing future invasions. Nonnative insects have accumulated in United States forests at a rate of ~2.5 per yr over the last...
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Fragmentation of Forest Communities in the Eastern United States
Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest communities and therefore the beta diversity of forestland in the eastern United States. We combined forest inventory data with land cover data to compare 70 forest communities in terms of the amount and ownership of int...
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A model of forest floor carbon mass for United States forest types
James E. Smith; Linda S. Heath
2002-01-01
Includes a large set of published values of forest floor mass and develop large-scale estimates of carbon mass according to region and forest type. Estimates of average forest floor carbon mass per hectare of forest applied to a 1997 summary forest inventory, sum to 4.5 Gt carbon stored in forests of the 48 contiguous United States.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Chen, G.; Hayes, D. J.; Tian, H.
2013-12-01
Planted forest area in the United States gradually increased during the last half century, and by 2007 accounted for about 20% of the total forest area in the southern United States and about 13% in the entire country. Intensive plantation management activities - such as slash burning, thinning, weed control, fertilization and the use of genetically improved seedlings - are routinely applied during the forest rotation. However, no comprehensive assessments have been made to examine the impacts of this increased forest plantation area and associated management practices on ecosystem function. In this study, we integrated field measurement data and process-based modeling to quantitatively estimate the changes in carbon storage, nitrogen cycling and water use as influenced by forest plantations in the United States from 1925 to 2007. The results indicated that forest plantations and management practices greatly increased forest productivity, vegetation carbon, and wood product carbon storage in the United States, but slightly reduce soil carbon storage at some areas; however, the carbon sink induced by forest plantations was at the expense of more water use as represented by higher evapotranspiration. Stronger nitrogen and water limitations were found for forest plantations as compared to natural or naturally-regenerated forests.
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Area changes for forest cover types in the United States, 1952 to 1997, with projections to 2050.
Ralph J. Alig; Brett J. Butler
2004-01-01
The United States has a diverse array of forest cover types on its 747 million acres of forest land. Forests in the United States have been shaped by many natural and human-caused forces, including climate, physiography, geology, soils, water, fire, land use changes, timber harvests, and other human interventions. The major purpose of this document is to describe area...
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Reaching a forest land per capita milestone in the United States
C.W. Woodall; P.D. Miles
2008-01-01
During April 2007, forest land per capita in the United States dropped below 1 ha. This is the result of a rather static area of forest land in the United States for the past 100 years combined with population growth. The US now joins the ranks of most countries (77%) having forest land per capita below 1 ha. The combination of an increasing human population with...
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The national picture of nonnative plants in the United States according to FIA data
Sonja N. Oswalt; Christopher M. Oswalt
2012-01-01
Data collected by the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program was assembled from each region of the United States. Occurrence, measured as the percentage of forested subplots within a county with observed nonnative invasive plant (NNIP) species, was calculated across the continental United States and Hawaii. Each region, and in some cases each state,...
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Family Forest Owners of the United States, 2006
Brett J. Butler
2008-01-01
This report summarizes results from the U.S. Forest Service's National Woodland Owner Survey of the estimated 10 million family forest owners who own 264 million acres (35 percent) of forest land in the United States. We collected information between 2002 and 2006 on family forest owners' forest holding characteristics, ownership histories, ownership...
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Decline of forest interior conditions in the conterminous United States
Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest interior environments, thereby endangering subordinate ecological attributes and functions. We analyzed the spatial patterns of forest disturbance and recovery for the conterminous United States from 2001 to 2006 to det...
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FRAGMENTATION OF CONTINENTAL UNITES STATES FORESTS
We report a multiple-scale analysis of forest fragmentation based on 30-m land-cover maps for the conterminous United States. Each 0.09-ha unit of forest was classified according to fragmentation indices measured within the surrounding landscape, for five landscape sizes from 2....
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Stephen R. Shifley; W. Keith Moser; David J. Nowak; Patrick D. Miles; Brett J. Butler; Francisco X. Aguilar; Ryan D. DeSantis; Eric J. Greenfield
2014-01-01
The Northern United States includes the 20 states bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota. With 70 million ha of forestland and 124 million people, it is the most densely forested (42% of land area) and most densely populated (74 people/km2) quadrant of the United States. Three recent, large-scale, multiresource assessments of forest...
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Tanushree Biswas; Mike Walterman; Paul Maus; Kevin A. Megown; Sean P. Healey; Kenneth Brewer
2012-01-01
The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations conducted a global assessment for forest change in 2010 using satellite imagery from 1990, 2000, and 2005. The U.S. Forest Service was responsible for assessing forest change in the United States. A polygon-based, stratified sampling design developed by FAO was used to assess change in forest area...
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Nontimber forest products management on national forests in the United States.
Rebecca J. McLain; Eric T. Jones
2005-01-01
This study provides an overview of nontimber forest products (NTFP) programs on national forests in the United States. We conducted an email survey in 2003 to obtain data on NTFP management activities on national forests across the country. Program characteristics examined in the study included important NTFPs managed on national forests, presence of NTFP coordinators...
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Human Health Impacts of Forest Fires in the Southern United States: A Literature Review
Cynthia T. Fowler
2003-01-01
Forestry management practices can shape patterns of health, illness, and disease. A primary goal for owners federal, state, andprivate forests is to crap ecosystem management plans that simultaneously optimize forest health and human health. Fire-a major forest management issue in the United States-complicates these goals. Wildfires are natural phenomena with...
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Forest health monitoring in the United States: focus on national reports
Kurt Riitters; Kevin Potter
2013-01-01
The health and sustainability of United States forests have been monitored for many years from several different perspectives. The national Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Program was established in 1990 by Federal and State agencies to develop a national system for monitoring and reporting on the status and trends of forest ecosystem health. We describe and illustrate...
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The national forest inventory of the United States of America
Ronald E. McRoberts
2008-01-01
The mission of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is to conduct the national forest inventory of the United States of America for purposes of estimating the area of forest land; the volume, growth, and removal of forest resources; and the health of the forest. Users of FIA data, estimates, and related...
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The U.S. forest carbon accounting framework: stocks and stock change, 1990-2016
Christopher W. Woodall; John W. Coulston; Grant M. Domke; Brian F. Walters; David N. Wear; James E. Smith; Hans-Erik Andersen; Brian J. Clough; Warren B. Cohen; Douglas M. Griffith; Stephen C. Hagen; Ian S. Hanou; Michael C. Nichols; Charles H. (Hobie) Perry; Matthew B. Russell; Jim Westfall; Barry T. (Ty) Wilson
2015-01-01
As a signatory to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the United States annually prepares an inventory of carbon that has been emitted and sequestered among sectors (e.g., energy, agriculture, and forests). For many years, the United States developed an inventory of forest carbon by comparing contemporary forest inventories to inventories that...
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Environmental assessment hot spots of perforated forest in the eastern United States
Kurt H. Riitters; John W. Coulston
2005-01-01
National assessments of forest fragmentation satisfy international biodiversity conventions, but they do not identify specific places where ecological impacts are likely. In this article, we identify geographic concentrations (hot spots) of forest located near holes in otherwise intact forest canopies (perforated forest) in the eastern United States, and we describe...
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Fragmentation of forest communities in the eastern United States
Kurt Riitters; John Coulston; James Wickham
2011-01-01
Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest communities in the eastern United States. Forest communities exhibiting either a low total area or low percentage of intact forest are subject to relatively higher risk of shifts in stand composition towards edge-adapted and invasive species. Such changes in stand composition could result in local extirpation...
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Decline of forest interior conditions in the conterminous United States
Kurt H. Riitters; James D. Wickham
2012-01-01
Forest fragmentation threatens the sustainability of forest interior environments, thereby endangering subordinate ecological attributes and functions. We analyzed the spatial patterns of forest loss and gain for the conterminous United States from 2001 to 2006 to determine whether forest interior environments were maintained at five spatial scales. A 1.1% net loss of...
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Forest Resources of the United States, 1997, METRIC UNITS.
W. Brad Smith; John S. Vissage; Davie R. Darr; Raymond M. Sheffield
2002-01-01
Forest resource statistics from the 1987 Forest Resources Planning Act (RPA) Asessment were updated to 1997 to provide current information on the Nation's forests. Resource tables present estimates in metric measure of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State.
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Shifting forest value orientations in the United States, 1980-2001: A computer content analysis
David N. Bengston; Trevor J. Webb; David P. Fan
2004-01-01
This paper examines three forest value orientations - clusters of interrelated values and basic beliefs about forests - that emerged from an analysis of the public discourse about forest planning, management, and policy in the United States. The value orientations include anthropocentric, biocentric, and moral/spiritual/aesthetic orientations toward forests. Computer...
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Emily Jane Davis; Eric M. White; Lee K. Cerveny; David Seesholtz; Meagan L. Nuss; Donald R. Ulrich
2017-01-01
In the United States, over 191 million acres of land is managed by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, a federal government agency. In several western U.S. states, organized collaborative groups have become a de facto governance approach to providing sustained input on management decisions on much public land. This is most extensive in Oregon,...
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Attributes of standing dead trees in forests of the United States
Christopher W. Woodall; James E. Smith; Patrick D. Miles
2009-01-01
Standing dead trees in forests of the United States serve as wildlife habitat, a fuel loading component, and carbon stocks. Although standing dead trees are a vital component of forest ecosystems, information regarding this resource across the Nation is lacking. The first annual inventory of standing dead trees across the United States was initiated in 1999, resulting...
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Susan J. Alexander; Sonja N. Oswalt; Marla R. Emery
2011-01-01
The United States, in partnership with 11 other countries, participates in the Montreal Process. Each country assesses national progress toward the sustainable management of forest resources by using a set of criteria and indicators agreed on by all member countries. Several indicators focus on nontimber forest products (NTFPs). In the United States, permit and...
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Chapter 1. Approach: The flammulated, boreal, and great gray owl assessments
Gregory D. Hayward
1994-01-01
This forest owl conservation assessment focuses on three species of forest owls that occur on national forest lands in the United States. Sixteen other species of owls also regularly breed in the United States, but these three species were designated "sensitive" on forests in more than one region of the Forest Service in 1992. Within the National Forest...
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Mark Nelson; Greg Liknes; Charles H. Perry
2009-01-01
Analysis and display of forest composition, structure, and pattern provides information for a variety of assessments and management decision support. The objective of this study was to produce geospatial datasets and maps of conterminous United States forest land ownership, forest site productivity, timberland, and reserved forest land. Satellite image-based maps of...
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36 CFR 228.15 - Operations within National Forest Wilderness.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR
2013-07-01
...) The United States mining laws shall extend to each National Forest Wilderness for the period specified...) Holders of unpatented mining claims validly established on any National Forest Wilderness prior to... by the United States mining laws as then applicable to the National Forest land involved. Persons...
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36 CFR 228.15 - Operations within National Forest Wilderness.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
...) The United States mining laws shall extend to each National Forest Wilderness for the period specified...) Holders of unpatented mining claims validly established on any National Forest Wilderness prior to... by the United States mining laws as then applicable to the National Forest land involved. Persons...
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36 CFR 228.15 - Operations within National Forest Wilderness.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
...) The United States mining laws shall extend to each National Forest Wilderness for the period specified...) Holders of unpatented mining claims validly established on any National Forest Wilderness prior to... by the United States mining laws as then applicable to the National Forest land involved. Persons...
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Forest cutting and impacts on carbon in the eastern United States
Zhou, Decheng; Liu, Shuguang; Oeding, Jennifer; Zhao, Shuqing
2013-01-01
Forest cutting is a major anthropogenic disturbance that affects forest carbon (C) storage and fluxes. Yet its characteristics and impacts on C cycling are poorly understood over large areas. Using recent annualized forest inventory data, we estimated cutting-related loss of live biomass in the eastern United States was 168 Tg C yr−1 from 2002 to 2010 (with C loss per unit forest area of 1.07 Mg ha−1 yr−1), which is equivalent to 70% of the total U.S. forest C sink or 11% of the national annual CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel combustion over the same period. We further revealed that specific cutting-related C loss varied with cutting intensities, forest types, stand ages, and geographic locations. Our results provide new insights to the characteristics of forest harvesting activities in the eastern United States and highlight the significance of partial cutting to regional and national carbon budgets.
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Coeli M. Hoover; James E. Smith
2012-01-01
The documented role of United States forests in sequestering carbon, the relatively low cost of forest-based mitigation, and the many co-benefits of increasing forest carbon stocks all contribute to the ongoing trend in the establishment of forest-based carbon offset projects. We present a broad analysis of forest inventory data using site quality indicators to provide...
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Futures project anticipates changes and challenges facing forests of the northern United States
Stephen R. Shifley; W. Keith Moser; Michael E. Goerndt; Nianfu Song; Mark D. Nelson; David J. Nowak; Patrick D. Miles; Brett J. Butler; Ryan D. DeSantis; Francisco X. Aguilar; Brian G. Tavernia
2014-01-01
The Northern Forest Futures Project aims to reveal how today's trends and choices are likely to change the future forest landscape in the northeastern and midwestern United States. The research is focused on the 20-state quadrant bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota. This area, which encompasses most of the Central Hardwood Forest region, is the...
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Leonard F. Ruggiero; Keith B. Aubry; Steven W. Buskirk; L. Jack Lyon; William J. Zielinski
1994-01-01
This cooperative effort by USDA Forest Service Research and the National Forest System assesses the state of knowledge related to the conservation status of four forest carnivores in the western United States: American marten, fisher, lynx, and wolverine. The conservation assessment reviews the biology and ecology of these species. It also discusses management...
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Fragmentation of eastern United States forest types
Kurt H. Riitters; John W. Coulston
2013-01-01
Fragmentation is a continuing threat to the sustainability of forests in the Eastern United States, where land use changes supporting a growing human population are the primary driver of forest fragmentation (Stein and others 2009). While once mostly forested, approximately 40 percent of the original forest area has been converted to other land uses, and most of the...
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Temporal trends of forest interior conditions in the United States
Kurt Riitters; James. Wickham
2012-01-01
Nature's benefits derived from forest interior environments cannot be sustained if the natural capital of forest interior area is not sustained. We analyzed the spatial patterns of forest loss and gain for the conterminous United States from 2001 to 2006 to determine whether forest interior environments were maintained at five spatial scales. A 1.1 percent net...
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An early look at forest regeneration indicator results for the Midwest and Northeast United States
William H. McWilliams; James A. Westfall
2015-01-01
Interacting regeneration stressors create challenges for policy makers and managers who are tasked with making decisions for restoring forest following major disturbances, such as harvest or catastrophic mortality. Concern over an aging forest, dwindling young forest habitat, and restoration of native forests in the midwest and northeast United States has resulted in...
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Productivity and carbon sequestration of forests in the southern United States
Kurt H. Johnsen; Tara L. Keyser; John R. Butnor; Carlos A. Gonzalez-Beenecke; Donald J. Kaczmarek; Chris A. Maier; Heather R. McCarthy; Ge. Sun
2014-01-01
Sixty percent of the Southern United States landscape is forested (Wear 2002). Forest types vary greatly among the five subregions of the South, which include the Coastal Plain, Piedmont, Appalachian-Cumberland, Mid-South, and the Mississippi Alluvial Valley. Current inventory data show upland hardwood forests being the predominant forest type in the South (>30...
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Family Forest Owner Trends in the Northern United States
Brett J. Butler; Zhao Ma
2011-01-01
Understanding forest ownership trends is critical for understanding forest trends. In the northern United States, where 55% of the forestland is controlled by families and individuals, it is imperative that we understand the trends within this complex and dynamic group of owners. The US Forest Service conducted forest landowner surveys across this region, and the rest...
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Forest structure and fire hazard in dry forests of the Western United States
David L. Peterson; Morris C. Johnson; James K. Agee; Theresa B. Jain; Donald McKenzie; Elizabeth D. Reinhardt
2005-01-01
Fire, in conjunction with landforms and climate, shapes the structure and function of forests throughout the Western United States, where millions of acres of forest lands contain accumulations of flammable fuel that are much higher than historical conditions owing to various forms of fire exclusion. The Healthy Forests Restoration Act mandates that public land...
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Forest statistics for Vermont: 1973 and 1983
Thomas S. Frieswyk; Anne M. Malley
1985-01-01
A statistical report on the fourth forest survey of Vermont conducted in 1982-1983 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output are displayed at the state, unit, and county levels. The current inventory indicates that the state has...
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Marcus V.N. d' Oliveira; Stephen E. Reutebuch; Robert J. McGaughey; Hans-Erik. Andersen
2012-01-01
The objectives of this study were to estimate above ground forest biomass and identify areas disturbed by selective logging in a 1000 ha Brazilian tropical forest in the Antimary State Forest using airborne lidar data. The study area consisted of three management units, two of which were unlogged, while the third unit was selectively logged at a low intensity. A...
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Methodology for estimating soil carbon for the forest carbon budget model of the United States, 2001
L. S. Heath; R. A. Birdsey; D. W. Williams
2002-01-01
The largest carbon (C) pool in United States forests is the soil C pool. We present methodology and soil C pool estimates used in the FORCARB model, which estimates and projects forest carbon budgets for the United States. The methodology balances knowledge, uncertainties, and ease of use. The estimates are calculated using the USDA Natural Resources Conservation...
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Climate and forest fires in Montana and northern Idaho, 1909-1919
J. A. Larsen; C. C. Delavan
1922-01-01
The present report is a result of the study of the relation between climate and forest fires in Montana and northern Idaho. This region is designated as District I of the United States Forest Service. The data used are the weather records of the United States Weather Bureau for the regular and cooperative stations, and the detail fire reports of the United States...
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The mangement of national forests of eastern United States for non-timber forest products
James L. Chamberlain
2000-01-01
Many products are harvested fiom the forests of the United States in addition to timber. These non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are plants, parts of plants, or fungi that are harvested from within and on the edges of natural, disturbed or managed forests. Often, NTFPs are harvested from public forests for the socio-economic benefit they provide to rural collectors....
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James E. Smith; Linda S. Heath; Kenneth E. Skog; Richard A. Birdsey
2006-01-01
This study presents techniques for calculating average net annual additions to carbon in forests and in forest products. Forest ecosystem carbon yield tables, representing stand-level merchantable volume and carbon pools as a function of stand age, were developed for 51 forest types within 10 regions of the United States. Separate tables were developed for...
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Forest composition change in the eastern United States
Songlin Fei; Peilin. Yang
2011-01-01
Forest ecosystems in the eastern United States are believed to be experiencing a species composition change, but most evidence is anecdotal or localized. We used U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data to quantify the annual changes of three common genera: Acer (maple), carya (hickory), and Quercus...
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Paul V. Ellefson; Calder M. Hibbard; Michael A. Kilgore
2006-01-01
With the assistance of state foresters and federal agency executives, an evaluation was made of federal and state government roles and responsibilities focused nonfederal forests in the United States. The evaluation involved an inventory of legally (and administratively) defined federal roles, identification bf federal programs supporting accomplishment of such roles,...
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Grant M. Domke; Christopher W. Woodall; Brian F. Walters; Ronald E. McRoberts; Mark A. Hatfield
2014-01-01
Forest ecosystem carbon (C) stocks and stock change in the United States (US) have been documented using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) procedures and guidance with 1990 as a baseline reference for all United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change reports. In the US, estimates of forest C stocks and stock change are obtained from data...
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History of forest survey sampling designs in the United States
W. E. Frayer; George M. Furnival
2000-01-01
Extensive forest inventories of forested lands in the United States were begun in the early part of the 20th century, but widespread, frequent use was not common until after WWII. Throughout the development of inventory techniques and their application to assess the status of the nation's forests, most of the work has been done by the USDA Forest Service through...
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Net change in forest density, 1873-2001. Using historical maps to monitor long-term forest trends.
Greg C. Liknes; Mark D. Nelson; Daniel J. Kaisershot
2013-01-01
European settlement of the United States and utilization of forests are inextricably linked. Forest products fueled development, providing the building blocks for railroads, bridges, ships, and homes. Perhaps because of the importance of its forests, the United States has a rich cartographic history documenting its resources. Long-term, broad-scale monitoring efforts...
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Forest resources of the United States, 2002: mapping the renewable resource planning act data
Cassandra M. Kurtz; Daniel J. Kaisershot; Dale D. Gormanson; Jeffery S. Wazenegger
2009-01-01
Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA), a national program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture conducts and maintains comprehensive inventories of the forest resources in the United States. The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act (RPA) of 1974 mandates a comprehensive assessment of past trends, current status, and the future potential...
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Karin Riley; Isaac C. Grenfell; Mark A. Finney
2016-01-01
Maps of the number, size, and species of trees in forests across the western United States are desirable for many applications such as estimating terrestrial carbon resources, predicting tree mortality following wildfires, and for forest inventory. However, detailed mapping of trees for large areas is not feasible with current technologies, but statistical...
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Forest inventory and analysis in the United States: remote sensing and geospatial activities
Mark Nelson; Gretchen Moisen; Mark Finco
2007-01-01
Our Nation's forests provide a wealth of ecological, social, and economic resources. These forest lands cover over 300 million hectares of the United States, or about one third of the total land area. Accurate and timely information about them is essential to their wise management and use. The mission of the Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA...
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Forest Inventory and Analysis in the United States: Remote sensing and geospatial activities
Mark Nelson; Gretchen Moisen; Mark Finco
2007-01-01
Our Nation's forests provide a wealth of ecological, social, and economic resources. These forest lands cover over 300 million hectares of the United States, or about one third of the total land area. Accurate and timely information about them is essential to their wise management and use. The mission of the Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA...
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Vasile A. Suchar; Nicholas L. Crookston
2010-01-01
The understory community is a critical component of many processes of forest ecosystems. Cover and biomass indices of shrubs and herbs of forested ecosystems of Northwestern United States are presented. Various forest data were recorded for 10,895 plots during a Current Vegetation Survey, over the National Forest lands of entire Pacific Northwest. No significant...
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Attributes of down woody materials in hardwood forests of the Eastern United States
Christopher W. Woodall; Sonja N. Oswalt; Randall S. Morin
2007-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis Program (FIA) of the USDA Forest Service conducts a national inventory of down woody materials (DWM) on forestland in the United States. Estimates of DWM for inventory plots occurring in eastern U.S. hardwood forests facilitate large-scale assessment of hardwood forest fuel loadings and wildlife habitat. Therefore, the objectives of...
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Parish, Esther S.; Dale, Virginia H.; Tobin, Emma; ...
2017-05-27
The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled “How is wood-based pellet production affecting forest conditions in the southeastern United States?” (Dale et al., 2017). This article describes how United States Forest Service (USFS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data from multiple state inventories were aggregated and used to extract ten annual timberland variables for trend analysis in two case study bioenergy fuelshed areas. This dataset is made publically available to enable critical or extended analyses of changes in forest conditions, either for the fuelshed areas supplying the ports of Savannah, Georgia and Chesapeake, Virginia,more » or for other southeastern US forested areas contributing biomass to the export wood pellet industry.« less
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DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Parish, Esther S.; Dale, Virginia H.; Tobin, Emma
The data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled “How is wood-based pellet production affecting forest conditions in the southeastern United States?” (Dale et al., 2017). This article describes how United States Forest Service (USFS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data from multiple state inventories were aggregated and used to extract ten annual timberland variables for trend analysis in two case study bioenergy fuelshed areas. This dataset is made publically available to enable critical or extended analyses of changes in forest conditions, either for the fuelshed areas supplying the ports of Savannah, Georgia and Chesapeake, Virginia,more » or for other southeastern US forested areas contributing biomass to the export wood pellet industry.« less
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Historical Accumulation of Nonindigenous Forest Pests in the Continental United States
J.E. Aukema; D.G. McCullough; B.V. Holle; A.M. Liebhold; S.J. Frankel
2010-01-01
Nonindigenous forest insects and pathogens affect a range of ecosystems, industries, and property owners in the United States. Evaluating temporal patterns in the accumulation of these nonindigenous forest pests can inform regulatory and policy decisions. We compiled a comprehensive species list to assess the accumulation rates of nonindigenous forest insects and...
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Conservation assessments for five forest bat species in the Eastern United States
Frank R., III Thompson
2006-01-01
Assesses the status, distribution, conservation, and management considerations for five Regional Forester Sensitive Species of forest bats on national forests in the Eastern United States: eastern pipistrelle, evening bat, southeastern myotis, eastern small-footed myotis, and northern long-eared bat. Includes information on the taxonomy, description, life history,...
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Historical accumulation of nonindigenous forest pests in the Continental United States
J.E. Aukema; D.G. McCullough; B. Von Holle; Andrew Liebhold; Kerry Britton; S.J. Frankel
2010-01-01
Nonindigenous forest insects and pathogens affect a range of ecosystems, industries, and property owners in the United States. Evaluating temporal patterns in the accumulation of these nonindigenous forest pests can inform regulatory and policy decisions. We compiled a comprehensive species list to assess the accumulation rates of nonindigenous forest insects and...
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Monitoring U.S. forest dynamics with Landsat [Chapter 12
Jeffrey G. Masek; Sean P. Healey
2012-01-01
Forest dynamics in the United States differ substantially from those in the developing world and thus present unique monitoring requirements. While deforestation and conversion to semipermanent agriculture dominate tropical forest dynamics, the area of forest land in the United States has remained fairly constant for the last 50-60 years (Birdsey and Lewis 2003)....
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The private forest-land owners of the United States
Thomas W. Birch; Douglas G. Lewis; H. Fred Kaiser
1982-01-01
A report on a 1978 survey of private forest-land owners, based on 11,076 questionnaires. About 7.8 million ownership units hold 333 million acres of privately owned forest land in the United States. Regional and subregional breakdowns are included for such important variables as form of ownership; owner's occupation, age, sex, race, residence, and education; size...
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Fragmentation of Continental United States Forests
Kurt H. Riitters; James D. Wickham; Robert V. O' Neill; K. Bruce Jones; Elizabeth R. Smith; John W. Coulston; Timothy G. Wade; Jonathan H. Smith
2002-01-01
We report a multiple-scale analysis of forest fragmentation based on 30-m (0.09 ha pixel-1) land- cover maps for the conterminous United States. Each 0.09-ha unit of forest was classified according to fragmentation indexes measured within the surrounding landscape, for five landscape sizes including 2.25, 7.29, 65.61, 590.49, and 5314.41 ha....
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The distribution of mercury in a forest floor transect across the central United States
Charles H. (Hobie) Perry; Michael C. Amacher; William Cannon; Randall K. Kolka; Laurel Woodruff
2009-01-01
Mercury (Hg) stored in soil organic matter may be released when the forest floor is consumed by fire. Our objective is to document the spatial distribution of forest floor Hg for a transect crossing the central United States. Samples collected by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Inventory and Analysis Soil Quality Indicator were tested...
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A preliminary assessment of the Montréal process indicators of air pollution for the United States
John W. Coulston; Kurt H. Riitters; Grethchen C. Smith
2004-01-01
Air pollutants pose a risk to forest health and vitality in the United States. Here we present the major findings from a national scale air pollution assessment that is part of the United Statesâ 2003 Report on Sustainable Forests. We examine trends and the percent forest subjected to specific levels of ozone and wet deposition of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium....
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Design, implementation, and analysis methods for the National Woodland Owner Survey
Brett J. Butler; Earl C. Leatherberry; Michael S. Williams; Michael S. Williams
2005-01-01
The National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) is conducted by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program to increase our understanding of private forest-land owners in the United States. The information is intended to help policy makers, resource managers, and others interested in the forest resources of the United States better understand the social...
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Matthew B. Russell; Christopher W. Woodall; Kevin M. Potter; Brian F. Walters; Grant M. Domke; Christopher M. Oswalt
2017-01-01
Forest understories across the northern United States (US) are a complex of tree seedlings, endemic forbs, herbs, shrubs, and introduced plant species within a forest structure defined by tree and forest floor attributes. The substantial increase in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmerman) populations over the past decades has resulted...
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An improved method for standardized mapping of drought conditions
Frank H. Koch; William D. Smith; John W. Coulston
2013-01-01
Virtually all U.S. forests experience droughts, although the intensity and frequency of the droughts vary widely between, as well as, within forest ecosystems (Hanson and Weltzin 2000). Generally, forests throughout the Western United States are subject to annual seasonal droughts, while forests in the Eastern United States can be characterized by one of two...
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Andrew Youngblood
2010-01-01
Western United States land managers are conducting fuel reduction and forest restoration treatments in forests with altered structural conditions. As part of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) study, thinning and burning treatments were evaluated for changing forest structure. Shifts between pretreatment and posttreatment diameter distributions at seven western...
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Screening for resistance to fusiform rust in southern United States forest trees
Josh Bronson
2012-01-01
The Resistance Screening Center (RSC) is operated by the Forest Health Protection unit of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Region, State and Private Forestry. The RSC is located at the Bent Creek Experimental Forest near Asheville, North Carolina. The center evaluates seedlings for resistance to disease, primarily fusiform rust (caused by...
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Status and progress in large-scale assessment of biological diversity in the United States
S. R. Shifley; C. H. Flather; W. B. Smith; K. H. Riitters; C. H. Sieg
2010-01-01
Conservation of biological diversity is one of seven criteria used to evaluate forest sustainability in the United States. The status of biological diversity is characterized by nine indicators that report area, protected status, and fragmentation of forest habitats; number and conservation status of forest-associated species; range and abundance of forest species to...
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James Chamberlain; Aaron Teets; Steve Kruger
2018-01-01
Worldwide, forest plants and fungi that are harvested for their nontimber products are critical for the health of the ecosystems and the well-being of people who benefit from the harvest. This document provides an analysis of the volumes and values of nontimber forest products in the United States. It presents...
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The Stephen F. Austin Experimental Forest
Cary C. Russell; Ronald E. Thill; David L. Kulhavy
2002-01-01
On December 14, 1944, the Seventy-Eighth United States Congress passed a bill that authorized the transfer of 2,560 acres in Nacogdoches County, Texas, to the research branch of the United States Forest Service (USFS). This land became the Stephen F. Austin Experimental Forest (SFAEF) on September 19. 1945. One of eighty-one federal experimental forests and ranges...
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Modeling Actual Evapotranspiration From Forested Watersheds Across the Southeastern United States
Jianbiao Lu; Ge Sun; Steven G. McNulty; Devendra M. Amatya
2003-01-01
About 50 to 80 percent of precipitation in the southeastern United States returns to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration. As evapotranspiration is a major component in the forest water balances, accurately quantifying it is critical to predicting the effects of forest management and global change on water, sediment, and nutrient yield from forested watersheds. However...
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The forests of the Green Mountain State
Eric H. Wharton; Richard H. Widmann; Charles H. Barnett; Thomas S. Frieswyk; Andrew J. Lister; Bob DeGeus
2003-01-01
A report on the fifth forest inventory of Vermont conducted in 1996-98 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Explains the current condition and changes from previous inventories for forest area, timber volume, biomass, growth and removals, and harvesting. Graphics depict data at the state and geographic-unit level and, where...
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R. Molina; D. Pilz; J. Smith; S. Dunham; T. Dreisbach; T. O’Dell; M. Castellano
2001-01-01
The vast forests of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, an area outlined by the states of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, are well known or their rich diversity of macrofungi. The forests are dominated by trees in the Pinaceae with about 20 species in the genera Abies, Larix, Picea...
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Comparison of cropland and forest surface temperatures across the conterminous United States
Global climate models (GCM) investigating the effects of land cover on climate have found that replacing extra-tropical forest with cropland promotes cooling. We compared cropland and forest surface temperatures across the continental United States in 16 cells that were approxim...
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Information about old growth for selected forest type groups in the eastern United States.
Lucy E. Tyrrell; Gregory J. Nowacki; David S. Buckley; Elizabeth A. Nauertz; Jeffrey N. Niese; Jeanette L. Rollinger; John C. Zasada; John C. Zasada
1998-01-01
Compiles information about old-growth attributes for nine forest type groups that occur in the eastern United States. A range of values for each old-growth attribute for each forest type is summarized regionally from published and unpublished sources.
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36 CFR 228.110 - Indemnification.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Indemnification. 228.110 Section 228.110 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MINERALS Oil... United States for: (a) Injury, loss or damage, including fire suppression costs, which the United States...
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Grant M. Domke; Christopher M. Oswalt; Christopher W. Woodall; Jeffery A. Turner
2013-01-01
Emerging markets for small-diameter roundwood along with a renewed interest in forest biomass for energy have created a need for estimates of merchantable biomass above the minimum sawlog top diameter for timber species in the national forest inventory of the United States. The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the USDA Forest Service recently adopted the...
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Robert J. Moulton; J. Dixon Esseks
2002-01-01
A 72 percent response rate was achieved in 1998 and 1999 national survey of 1,238 participants in the USDA Forest Service's Forest Stewardship Program, under which 130,000 individual multiple resource plans encompassing 16.5 million acres (6.5 million ha) of privately owned forest lands in the United States had been completed. Objectives were to determine if the...
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David N. Bengston; Brett J. Butler; Stanley T. Asah
2009-01-01
The National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) is a recurring and comprehensive national survey of private forest landowners in the United States, and is a social complement to the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program's biologic resource inventory. An open-ended question in the NWOS explores private forest owners' motivations and values...
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N. Anderson; J. Young; K. Stockmann; K. Skog; S. Healey; D. Loeffler; J.G. Jones; J. Morrison
2013-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of CO2 through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Berit Hauger Lindstad
2002-01-01
In recognition of the cultural, economic, and ecological importance of forestry in Finland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States, this paper compares forest resource data, ownership patterns, management issues, and the impact the forest sector has on the national economies of these four countries. There is particular emphasis on the analysis of policy measures that...
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Chapter 3. Current management situation: Flammulated owls
Jon Verner
1994-01-01
The flammulated owl (Otus flammeolus) is a western mountain species associated mainly with ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa) and Jeffrey pine (Pinus jefferyi) forests in the United States and Canada (see Chapter 4). As a neotropical migrant, this small forest owl occurs on national forests in the United States during...
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The northeastern area's objectives and beliefs toward national forests and grasslands
Lori B. Shelby; Deborah J. Shields; Brian M. Kent
2008-01-01
The Northeastern Area, an organizational unit of the State and Private Forestry branch of the U.S. Forest Service, serves the Northeastern and Midwestern United States. For this study, residents of the Northeastern Area were asked about their objectives for the management, use, and conservation of forests and grasslands and beliefs about the role the Forest Service...
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Morris C. Johnson; Maureen C Kennedy; David L. Peterson
2011-01-01
We used the Fire and Fuels Extension to the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FFE-FVS) to simulate fuel treatment effects on stands in low- to midelevation dry forests (e.g., ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. P. & C. Laws.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) of the western United States. We...
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An Old-Growth Definition for Red River Bottom Forests in the Eastern United States
Ted Shear; Mike Young; Robert Kellison
1997-01-01
Our goal was to develop a description of old-growth red river bottom forests of the Southeastern United States. We compared the characteristics of forests described in the scientific literature and forests we examined to various published criteria for old-growth condition. Because red rivers are a relatively new landscape feature (most 250 years old, resulting from...
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James K. Agee
2000-01-01
Disturbance dynamics differ in the three subregions of the North American boreal forest (taiga, western United States, and eastern United States) where lynx are found, resulting in a range of potential effects on lynx populations. Fire severity tends to be high in most of the forest types where lynx habitat occurs, although subsequent succession will differ...
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Susan Will-Wolf; Randall S. Morin; Mark J. Ambrose; Kurt Riitters; Sarah Jovan
2014-01-01
Lichen community composition is well known for exhibiting response to air pollution, and to macroenvironmental and microenvironmental variables. Lichens are useful indicators of air quality impact, forest health, and forest ecosystem integrity across the United States (McCune 2000, reviews in Nimis and others 2002, USDA Forest Service 2007).
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The U.S. forest sector in 2030: Markets and competitors
James A. Turner; Joseph Buongiorno; Shushuai Zhu; Jeffrey P. Prestemon
2005-01-01
The Global Forest Products Model was used to project international forest sector developments, conditional on the latest RPA Timber Assessment of future domestic changes in the United States. While the United States, Japan, and Europe were predicted to remain major importers of forest products out to 2030, the rapid economic growth of China would make it the world...
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USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are one of many economic benefits that forests provide to society, and understanding their value helps us understand the total economic value of forests. In the early 1990s, economic research on NTFPs in the United States increased, in the Pacific Northwest and oth...
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Interactive access to forest inventory data for the South Central United States
William H. McWilliams
1990-01-01
On-line access to USDA, Forest Service successive forest inventory data for the South Central United States is provided by two computer systems. The Easy Access to Forest Inventory and Analysis Tables program (EZTAB) produces a set of tables for specific geographic areas. The Interactive Graphics and Retrieval System (INGRES) is a database management system that...
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An indicator of tree migration in forests of the eastern United States
C.W. Woodall; C.M. Oswalt; J.A. Westfall; C.H. Perry; M.D. Nelson; A.O. Finley
2009-01-01
Changes in tree species distributions are a potential impact of climate change on forest ecosystems. The examination of tree species shifts in forests of the eastern United States largely has been limited to simulation activities due to a lack of consistent, long-term forest inventory datasets. The goal of this study was to compare current geographic distributions of...
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Private forest-land owners of the United States, 1994
Thomas W. Birch; Thomas W. Birch
1996-01-01
A statistical analytical report on mail canvass of private forest-land owners in the United States. It discusses landowner characteristics, attitudes, harvesting experience, tenure, and management planning.
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Y. Zhang; X. Liao; B.J. Butler; J. Schelhas
2009-01-01
The state-level distribution of the size of family forest holdings in the contiguous United States was examined using data collected by the USDA Forest Service in 1993 and 2003. Regressions models were used to analyze the factors influencing the mean size and structural variation among states and between the two periods. Population density, percent of the population at...
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National Report on Sustainable Forests - 2003
USDA Forest Service
2004-01-01
This report presents a fresh analysis of the available data on the condition of forests in the United States. It uses the criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management endorsed by the Montreal Process, of which the United States is a member country. The report also identifies data gaps and makes recommendations for next steps to move forward the state of the...
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Land use change effects on forest carbon cycling throughout the southern United States
Peter B. Woodbury; Linda S. Heath; James E. Smith
2006-01-01
We modeled the effects of afforestation and deforestation on carbon cycling in forest floor and soil from 1900 to 2050 throughout 13 states in the southern United States. The model uses historical data on gross (two-way) transitions between forest, pasture, plowed agriculture, and urban lands along with equations describing changes in carbon over many decades for each...
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USE OF ROAD MAPS IN NATIONAL ASSESSMENTS OF FOREST FRAGMENTATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Including road-mediated forest fragmentation is a contentious issue in United States national assessments. We compared fragmentation as calculated from national land-cover maps alone, and from land-cover maps in combination with road maps. The increment of forest edge from roads ...
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Private forest-land owners of the Southern United States, 1994
Thomas W. Birch; Thomas W. Birch
1997-01-01
A statistical analytical report on mail canvass of private forest-land owners in the Southern United States. Landowner characteristics, attitudes, harvesting experience, tenure, and management planning are discussed.
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Private forest-land owners of the Northern United States, 1994
Thomas W. Birch; Thomas W. Birch
1996-01-01
A statistical analytical report on mail canvass of private forest-land owners in the Northern United States. Landowner characteristics attitudes harvesting experience tenure and management planning are discussed.
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Private forest-land owners of the Western United States, 1994
Thomas W. Birch; Thomas W. Birch
1997-01-01
A statistical analytical report on mail canvass of private forest-land owners in the Western United States. Landowner characteristics attitudes harvesting experience tenure and management planning are discussed.
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Patrick D. Miles; Andrew D. Hill
2010-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program collects sample plot data on all forest ownerships across the United States. This report documents the methodology used to estimate live-tree gross, net, and sound volume for the 24 States inventoried by the Northern Research Station's (NRS) FIA unit. Sound volume is of particular interest...
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Carbon stocks on forestland of the United States, with emphasis on USDA Forest Service ownership
Linda S. Heath; James E. Smith; Christopher W. Woodall; David L. Azuma; Karen L. Waddell
2011-01-01
The U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) manages one-fifth of the area of forestland in the United States. The Forest Service Roadmap for responding to climate change identified assessing and managing carbon stocks and change as a major element of its plan. This study presents methods and results of estimating current forest carbon stocks and change in...
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Amanda B. Stan; Peter Z. Fule; Kathryn B. Ireland; Jamie S. Sanderlin
2014-01-01
Forests on tribal lands in the western United States have seen the return of low-intensity surface fires for several decades longer than forests on non-tribal lands. We examined the surface fire regime in a ponderosa pinedominated (Pinus ponderosa) forest on the Hualapai tribal lands in the south-western United States. Using fire-scarred trees, we inferred temporal (...
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Carbon stocks on forestland of the United States, with emphaisis on USDA Forest Service ownership
Linda S. Heath; James E. Smith; Christopher W. Woodall; Dave Azuma; Karen L. Waddell
2011-01-01
The U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS) manages one-fifth of the area of forestland in the United States. The Forest Service Roadmap for responding to climate change identified assessing and managing carbon stocks and change as a major element of its plan. This study presents methods and results of estimating current forest carbon stocks and change in...
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Science information for informing forest fuel management in dry forests of the western United States
Sarah McCaffrey; Russell Graham
2007-01-01
Land managers need timely and straightforward access to the best scientific information available for informing decisions on how to treat forest fuels in the dry forests of the western United States. However, although there is a tremendous amount of information available for informing fuels management decisions, often, it is in a form that is difficult to use or of...
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Collaborating for success: implementation of the interior Alaska inventory
Brendt Mueller; Dan Irvine
2015-01-01
Interior Alaskaâs boreal forests are approximately 112 million acres in size, or 15 percent of the United States forest land. This is currently a very dynamic region with rising temperatures, melting permafrost, changes in vegetation, fire, carbon, and water cycles due to a warming climate. This is the last forested area in the United States where the national Forest...
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Susan J. Alexander
2001-01-01
Non-timber forest products in the United States include floral greens, Christmas ornamentals, wild edibles, medicinals, crafts, and transplants. Non-timber forest products are important to many people for many reasons. People harvest products from forests for personal use, cultural practices, and sale. The tremendous variety of species harvested for the many markets...
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Brett J. Butler; Jaketon H. Hewes; Brenton J. Dickinson; Kyle Andrejczyk; Sarah M. Butler; Marla. Markowski-Lindsay
2016-01-01
There are an estimated 10.7 million family forest ownerships across the United States who collectively control 36% or 290 million acres of the nation's forestland. The US Department of Agriculture Forest Service National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) provides information on the characteristics, attitudes, and behaviors of these ownerships. Between 2011 and 2013, 8,...
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Keith D. Stockmann; Nathaniel M. Anderson; Kenneth E. Skog; Sean P. Healey; Dan R. Loeffler; Greg Jones; James F. Morrison
2012-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of CO2 through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; Edward Butler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Edward Butler; Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison; Jesse Young
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; Edward Butler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Dan Loeffler; Nathaniel Anderson; Keith Stockmann; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison; Jesse Young
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; Edward Butler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Dan Loeffler; Nathaniel Anderson; Keith Stockmann; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison; Jesse Young
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; Edward Butler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Edward Butler; Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Dan Loeffler; Nathaniel Anderson; Keith Stockmann; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison; Jesse Young
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Special forest products in context: gatherers and gathering in the Eastern United States
Marla R. Emery; Clare Ginger; Siri Newman; Michael R.B. Giammusso
2003-01-01
This report provides an introduction to the people who gather special forest products (SFPs) in the eastern United States, the role these resources play in their lives, and implications for management on national forest lands, particularly in relation to the Pilot Program on Forest Botanicals (P. L. 106-113, ? 339(a)). SFPs encompass a wide variety of products and...
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John A. Stanturf; Robert C. Kellison; F.S. Broerman; Stephen B. Jones
2003-01-01
The history of forest management in the southern United States has been a process of intensification and the pine forests of the Coastal Plain can be regarded as in the early stage of crop domestication. Silviculture research into tree improvement and other aspects of plantation establishment and management has been critical to the domestication process, which began in...
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36 CFR 251.18 - Rights-of-way reserved by the grantor on lands conveyed to the United States.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... States. (e) All reasonable precautions to prevent and suppress forest fires shall be taken by the grantor... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Rights-of-way reserved by the grantor on lands conveyed to the United States. 251.18 Section 251.18 Parks, Forests, and Public Property...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... interests of the United States. Permits for such road construction or use will be non-exclusive and will be... States and administered by the Forest Service. (a) Permission to construct or use roads across lands and... benefit is needed by the United States, permission to construct or use a road across lands and across...
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Morris C. Johnson; David L. Peterson; Crystal L. Raymond
2007-01-01
Guide to Fuel Treatments analyzes a range of fuel treatments for representative dry forest stands in the Western United States with overstories dominated by ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), and pinyon pine (Pinus edulis). Six silvicultural options (no thinning; thinning...
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Impacts and management implications of ice storms on forests in the southern United States
Don C. Bragg; Michael G Shelton; Boris Zeide
2003-01-01
Abstract: This review explores the ecological and silvicultural impacts of ice storms on forests in the southern United States. Different environmental factors like weather conditions, topography, vegetation, stand density, and management practices influence the degree of glaze damage a particular forest may experience. Additionally, the frequent...
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Forest statistics of the United States, 1992 metric units.
W. Brad Smith; Joanne L. Faulkner; Douglas S. Powell
1994-01-01
The 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment was conducted to provide current information on the nation's forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or state. Statistics are provided in a metric format for international use.
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Threats to at-risk species in America's private forests: a Forests on the Edge report
Mary A. Carr; Ronald E. McRoberts; Lisa G. Mahal; Sara J. Comas
2010-01-01
More than 4,600 native animal and plant species associated with private forests in the United States are at risk of decline or extinction. This report identifies areas across the conterminous United States where at-risk species habitats in rural private forests are most likely to decrease because of increases in housing density from 2000 to 2030. We also identify areas...
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Ge Sun; Peter V. Caldwell; Steven G. McNulty
2015-01-01
The goal of this study was to test the sensitivity of water yield to forest thinning and other forest management/disturbances and climate across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Leaf area index (LAI) was selected as a key parameter linking changes in forest ecosystem structure and functions. We used the Water Supply Stress Index model to examine water yield...
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Assessing forest ownership dynamics in the United States: Methods and challenges
Brett J. Butler; Brenton J. Dickinson; Jaketon H. Hewes
2012-01-01
The National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) is conducted by the U.S. Forest Service, Forest Inventory & Analysis (FIA) Program as the social complement to its biophysical inventory. The NWOS is aimed at understanding who owns the forests of the United States, why they own it, what they have done with it in the past, and what they plan to do with it in the future. On...
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Lindsey Rustad; John Campbell; Jeffrey S. Dukes; Thomas Huntington; Kathy Fallon Lambert; Jacqueline Mohan; Nicholas Rodenhouse
2012-01-01
Decades of study on climatic change and its direct and indirect effects on forest ecosystems provide important insights for forest science, management, and policy. A synthesis of recent research from the northeastern United States and eastern Canada shows that the climate of the region has become warmer and wetter over the past 100 years and that there are more extreme...
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Early indications of drought impacts on forests in the southeastern United States
Michael K. Crosby; Zhaofei Fan; Martin A. Spetich; Ted Leininger; Xingang Fan
2015-01-01
In the southeastern United States, drought can pose a significant threat to forests by reducing the  amount of available water, thereby stressing trees. Destructive changes in crown conditions provide the first visible  indication of a problem in a forested area, making it a useful indicator for problems within an  ecosystem. Forest Health and Monitoring (FHM) and...
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Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry At a Glance
Northeastern Area, State & Private Forestry USDA Forest Service
2006-01-01
The State and Private Forestry branch of the USDA Forest Service promotes sustainable management of non-Federal forest lands, which make up two-thirds of the forests in the United States. This work supports the Forest Service?s role as steward of the Nation?s forests and ensures that private forests yield public benefits. Among these benefits are clean air, drinking...
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Changyou Sun; Daowei Zhang
2010-01-01
In this article, the results of an initial attempt to estimate the effects of state attributes on plant location and investment expenditure were presented for the forest products industry in the southern United States. A conditional logit model was used to analyze new plant births, and a time-series cross-section model to assess the total capital expenditure....
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Advancement of tree species across ecotonal borders into non-forested ecosystems
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Hanberry, Brice B.; Hansen, Mark H.
2015-10-01
Woody species are increasing in density, causing transition to more densely wooded vegetation states, and encroaching across ecotonal borders into non-forested ecosystems. We examined USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data to identify tree species that have expanded longitudinally in range, particularly into the central United States. We analyzed compositional differences within ecological regions (i.e., subsections) in eastern and western ranges of species using repeated measures ANOVA. We considered differences in outer ranges to indicate range expansion or contraction. We also estimated the shift in forest area and basal area relative to the center of the US and compared change in deciduous forest land cover. Out of 80 candidate species, 22 species expanded to the west, seven species expanded to the east, and five species expanded in both directions. During the survey interval, eastern tree species advanced into the predominantly non-forested ecosystems of central United States. Eastern cottonwood, eastern hophornbeam, eastern redbud, honeylocust, Osage-orange, pecan, red mulberry, and Shumard oak represent some of the species that are advancing eastern forest boundaries across forest-grassland ecotones into the central United States. Forest land has shifted towards the center of the continent, as has the center of mean tree basal area, and a simple comparison of deciduous cover change also displayed forest advancement into the central United States from eastern forests. The expanding species may spread along riparian migration corridors that provide protection from drought. Humans use the advancing tree species for windbreaks, fencerows, and ornamental landscaping, while wildlife spread fruit seeds, which results in unintentional assisted migration, or translocation, to drier sites across the region.
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History and current condition of longleaf pine in the Southern United States
Christopher M. Oswalt; Jason A. Cooper; Dale G. Brockway; Horace W. Brooks; Joan L. Walker; Kristina F. Connor; Sonja N. Oswalt; Roger C. Conner
2012-01-01
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) was once one of the most ecologically important tree species in the Southern United States. Longleaf pine and its accompanying forest ecosystems covered vast swaths of the Southern United States, spanning an estimated 92 million acres. Although once one of the most extensive forest ecosystems in North America, only a fraction of...
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Randall S. Morin; Andrew M. Liebhold; Scott A. Pugh; Susan J. Crocker
2017-01-01
Native to Asia, the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) has caused extensive mortality of ash tree species (Fraxinus spp.) in the eastern United States. As of 2013, the pest was documented in 18 % of counties within the natural range of ash in the eastern United States. Regional forest inventory data from the U.S...
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Forest nursery seedling production in the United States—fiscal year 2012
Richard Harper; George Hernandez; Justin Arseneault; Michelle Bryntesen; Scott Enebak; Ronald Overton
2013-01-01
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, State and Private Forestry (S&PF) began reporting tree planting in the United States in 1952 in an annual report, Tree Planting in the United States. In 2000, the report was discontinued amid growing concern over the manner in which much of the tree planting data were collected.
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Land-Base Changes in the United States: Long-Term Assessments of Forest Land Condition
Ralph J. Alig
2006-01-01
Forest land conditions affect the potential of U.S. forests to sustain a wide array of forest goods and environmental services (e.g., biodiversity) that society demands. Forest survey data collected by U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) units are being used in long-term assessments of U.S. forest land conditions at large...
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Annual Forest Inventories for the North Central Region of the United States
Ronald E. McRoberts; Mark H. Hansen
1999-01-01
The primary objective in developing procedures for annual forest inventories for the north central region of the United States is to establish the capability of producing standard forest inventory and analysis estimates on an annual basis. The inventory system developed to accomplish this objective features several primary functions, including (1) an annual sample of...
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Richard M. DeGraaf; Mariko Yamasaki
2003-01-01
Historically, forests in the northeastern United States were disturbed by fire, wind, Native American agriculture, flooding, and beavers (Castor canadensis). Of these, wind and beavers are now the only sources of natural disturbance. Most disturbance-dependent species, especially birds, are declining throughout the region whereas species affiliated with mature forests...
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A United States national prioritization framework for tree species vulnerability to climate change
Kevin M. Potter; Barbara S. Crane; William W. Hargrove
2017-01-01
Climate change is one of several threats that will increase the likelihood that forest tree species could experience population-level extirpation or species-level extinction. Scientists and managers from throughout the United States Forest Service have cooperated to develop a framework for conservation priority-setting assessments of forest tree species. This framework...
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Comparison of cropland and forest surface temperatures across the conterminous United States
James D. Wickham; Timothy G. Wade; Kurt H. Riitters
2012-01-01
Global climate models (GCM) investigating the effects of land cover on climate have found that replacing extra-tropical forest with cropland promotes cooling. We compared cropland and forest surface temperatures across the continental United States in 16 cells that were approximately 1◦ Ã 2◦ using 1 km2 MODIS land surface...
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Wen J. Wang; Hong S. He; Frank R. Thompson; Jacob S. Fraser; William D. Dijak
2016-01-01
Context. Forests in the northeastern United States are currently in early- and mid-successional stages recovering from historical land use. Climate change will affect forest distribution and structure and have important implications for biodiversity, carbon dynamics, and human well-being. Objective. We addressed how aboveground biomass (AGB) and...
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Forest Inventory and Analysis Database of the United States of America (FIA)
Andrew N. Gray; Thomas J. Brandeis; John D. Shaw; William H. McWilliams; Patrick Miles
2012-01-01
Extensive vegetation inventories established with a probabilistic design are an indispensable tool in describing distributions of species and community types and detecting changes in composition in response to climate or other drivers. The Forest Inventory and Analysis Program measures vegetation in permanent plots on forested lands across the United States of America...
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Carbon Stocks and Projections on Public Forestlands in the United States, 1952-2040
James E. Smith; Linda S. Heath
2004-01-01
Approximately 37% of forestlands in the conterminous United States are publicly owned; they represent a substantial area of potential carbon sequestration in US forests and in forest products. However, large areas of public forestlands traditionally have been less intensively inventoried than privately owned forests. Thus, less information is available about their role...
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Integrating concerns about wood production and sustainable forest management in the United States.
R.W. Haynes
2007-01-01
The implementation of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) in the United States is strongly influenced by U.S. forest products markets and the numerous management decisions made by individual landowners and managers. These decisions are influenced by a mix of market incentives and regulatory actions reducing predictability in assessing progress towards SFM and causing...
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A numerical study on hydrological impacts of forest restoration in the southern United States
Y.-Q. Liu
2010-01-01
Landscape in the southern United States changed dramatically during the 1930s and the following decades when massive agricultural and abandoned logging lands were converted to forest lands through natural restoration and silviculture. The impacts of this forest restoration on hydrology were investigated in this study by conducting numerical experiments with a regional...
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Urban forest sustainability in the United States
David J. Nowak
2017-01-01
Urban forests in the United States provide numerous ecosystem services that vary in magnitude across the country and are valued in the billions of dollars per year. Urban tree cover has been on the decline in recent years. Numerous forces for change will continue to alter urban forests in the coming years (i.e., development, climate change, insects and diseases,...
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Forest ingrowth prediction model for the Northeastern United States
Linda S. Gribko
1997-01-01
In the last 20 years, there has been a revival of interest in the use of uneven-aged forest management techniques in the production of timber and forest amenity values. Uneven-aged management is coming into renewed favor especially among non-industrial private landowners in the northeastern United States. The practice allows periodic timber removals on relatively small...
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The impact of reforestation in the northeast United States on precipitation and surface temperature
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Clark, Allyson
Since the 1920s, forest coverage in the northeastern United States has recovered from disease, clearing for agricultural and urban development, and the demands of the timber industry. Such a dramatic change in ground cover can influence heat and moisture fluxes to the atmosphere, as measured in altered landscapes in Australia, Israel, and the Amazon. In this study, the impacts of recent reforestation in the northeastern United States on summertime precipitation and surface temperature were quantified by comparing average modern values to 1950s values. Weak positive (negative) relationships between reforestation and average monthly precipitation and daily minimum temperatures (average daily maximum surface temperature) were found. There was no relationship between reforestation and average surface temperature. Results of the observational analysis were compared with results obtained from reforestation scenarios simulated with the BUGS5 global climate model. The single difference between the model runs was the amount of forest coverage in the northeast United States; three levels of forest were defined - a grassland state, with 0% forest coverage, a completely forested state, with approximately 100% forest coverage, and a control state, with forest coverage closely resembling modern forest coverage. The three simulations were compared, and had larger magnitude average changes in precipitation and in all temperature variables. The difference in magnitudes between the model simulations observations was much larger than the difference in the amount of reforestation in each case. Additionally, unlike in observations, a negative relationship was found between average daily minimum temperature and amount of forest coverage, implying that additional factors influence temperature and precipitation in the real world that are not accounted for in the model.
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Ralph J. Allg; William G. Hohenstein; Brian C. Murray; Robert G. Haight
1990-01-01
Area change projections for timberland in the United Steats are provided by region, State, ownership, and forest type.Total timberland area is projected to drop by 21 million acres or 4 percent by the year 2040.
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Urban forest health monitoring: large-scale assessments in the United States
Anne Buckelew Cumming; Daniel B. Twardus; David J. Nowak
2008-01-01
The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (USFS), together with state partners, developed methods to monitor urban forest structure, function, and health at a large statewide scale. Pilot studies have been established in five states using protocols based on USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis and Forest Health Monitoring program data collection standards....
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Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service
2005-01-01
The Guide to Fuel Treatments analyzes a range of potential silvicultural thinnings and surface fuel treatments for 25 representative dry-forest stands in the Western United States. The guide provides quantitative guidelines and visualization for treatment based on scientific principles identified for reducing potential crown fires. This fact sheet identifies the...
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Martina Barnes; Albert Todd; Rebecca Whitney Lilja; Paul Barten
2009-01-01
Forests are critically important to the supply of clean drinking water in the Northeast and Midwest portion of the United States. In this part of the country more than 52 million people depend on surface water supplies that are protected in large part by forested lands. The public is generally unaware of the threats to their water supplies or the connection between...
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Keith Stockmann; Nathaniel Anderson; Jesse Young; Ken Skog; Sean Healey; Dan Loeffler; Edward Butler; J. Greg Jones; James Morrison
2014-01-01
Global forests capture and store significant amounts of carbon through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood...
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Detecting Evidence of Climate Change in the Forests of the Eastern United States
Jones, John W.; Osborne, Jesse D.
2008-01-01
Changes in land use or disturbances such as defoliation by insects, disease, or fire all affect the composition and amount of tree canopy in a forest. These changes are easy to detect. Noticing and understanding the complex ways that global or regional-scale climate change combines with these disturbances to affect forest growth patterns and succession is difficult. This is particularly true for regions where changes in climate are not the most extreme, such as the mid-latitude forests of the Eastern United States. If land and water resources are to be managed responsibly, it is important to know how well the impacts of climate change on these forests can be measured in order to provide the best information possible to respond to any future changes. The goal of this study is to test whether climate-induced changes in forests in the Eastern United States can be detected and characterized using satellite imagery.
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Forest statistics for New Hampshire
Thomas S. Frieswyk; Anne M. Malley
1985-01-01
This is a statistical report on the fourth forest survey of New Hampshire conducted in 1982-83 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis Unit, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Statistics for forest area, numbers of trees, timber volume, tree biomass, and timber products output are displayed at the state, unit, and county levels. The current inventory indicates that...
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Linda A. Joyce; David T. Price; David P. Coulson; Daniel W. McKenney; R. Martin Siltanen; Pia Papadopol; Kevin Lawrence
2014-01-01
A set of climate change projections for the United States was developed for use in the 2010 USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment. These climate projections, along with projections for population dynamics, economic growth, and land use change in the United States, comprise the RPA scenarios and are used in the RPA Assessment to project future renewable resource conditions...
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Research gaps related to forest management and stream sediment in the United States.
Anderson, Christopher J; Lockaby, B Graeme
2011-02-01
Water quality from forested landscapes tends to be very high but can deteriorate during and after silvicultural activities. Practices such as forest harvesting, site preparation, road construction/use, and stream crossings have been shown to contribute sediment, nutrients, and other pollutants to adjacent streams. Although advances in forest management accompanied with Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been very effective at reducing water quality impacts from forest operations, projected increases in demand for forest products may result in unintended environmental degradation. Through a review of the pertinent literature, we identified several research gaps related to water yield, aquatic habitat, sediment source and delivery, and BMP effectiveness that should be addressed for streams in the United States to better understand and address the environmental ramifications of current and future levels of timber production. We explored the current understanding of these topics based on relevant literature and the possible implications of increased demand for forest products in the United States.
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36 CFR 212.7 - Access procurement by the United States.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... the United States. (a) Existing or proposed forest roads that are or will be part of a transportation system of a State, county, or other local public road authority. Forest roads that are or will be part of a transportation system of a State, county, or other local public road authority and are on rights...
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Danny C. Lee; Larry L. Irwin
2005-01-01
Concern for viable spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) populations has played prominently in the management of western forests in the United States. Historically, much of the debate has focused on the impacts of commercial timber harvest. Increasingly, the conflict is shifting to the habitat needs of owls versus the need for active management of fire-...
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Silviculture of forests in the Eastern United States
Daniel C. Dey; John C. Brissette; Callie J. Schweitzer; James M. Guldin
2012-01-01
The forests of the Eastern United States are diverse and provide many products and amenities for people living in the area and beyond. Eastern temperate forests play an important role in determining water yield and quality. They have the potential to sequester large quantities of carbon and influence air quality, and thus climate. Our standard of living is very much...
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Chapter 17: Forecasting wildfire suppression expenditures for the United States Forest Service
Karen L. Abt; Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Krista Gebert
2008-01-01
The wildland fire management organization of the United States Forest Service (USFS) operates under policy and budget legacies that began nearly 100 years ago and a forest fuel situation that is all too current. The confluence of these three factors contributes to increased burning and fire fighting costs for the agency, and increased concern from both the U.S....
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Forecasting wildfire suppression expenditures for the United States Forest Service
Karen L. Abt; Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Krista Gebert
2008-01-01
The wildland fire management organization of the United States Forest Service (USFS) operates under policy and budget legacies that began nearly -100 years ago and a forest fuel situation that is all too current. The confluence of these three factors contributes to increased burning and firefighting costs for the agency, and increased concern from both the U.S....
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Scott L. Goodrick; John A. Stanturf
2010-01-01
In the Southeastern United States, forests are subject to a variety of damage-causing wind phenomena that range in scale from very localized (downbursts and tornadoes) to broad spatial scales (hurricanes). Incorporating the threat of wind damage into forest management plans requires tools capable of assessing risk across this range of scales. Our conceptual approach...
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Robert E. Vihnanek; Cameron S. Balog; Clinton S. Wright; Roger D. Ottmar; Jeffrey W. Kelly
2009-01-01
Two series of single and stereo photographs display a range of natural conditions and fuel loadings in post-hurricane forests in the southeastern United States. Each group of photos includes inventory information summarizing vegetation composition, structure and loading, woody material loading and density by size class, forest floor loading, and various site...
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US Forest Service bark beetle research in the western United States: Looking toward the future
Jose F. Negron; Barbara J. Bentz; Christopher J. Fettig; Nancy Gillette; E. Matthew Hansen; Jane L. Hayes; Rick G. Kelsey; John E. Lundquist; Ann M. Lynch; Robert A. Progar; Steven J. Seybold
2008-01-01
Bark beetles cause extensive tree mortality in coniferous forests of western North America and play an important role in the disturbance ecology of these ecosystems. Recently, elevated populations of bark beetles have been observed in all conifer forest types across the western United States. This has heightened public awareness of the issue and triggered legislation...
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Negussie H. Tedela; Steven C. McCutcheon; John L. Campbell; Wayne T. Swank; Mary Beth Adams; Todd C. Rasmussen
2012-01-01
Many engineers and hydrologists use the curve number method to estimate runoff from ungaged watersheds; however, the method does not explicitly account for the influence of season or forest cutting on runoff. This study of observed rainfall and runoff for small, forested watersheds that span the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States showed that curve...
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Heterogeneous nonmarket benefits of managing white pine bluster rust in high-elevation pine forests
James R. Meldrum; Patricia A. Champ; Craig A. Bond
2013-01-01
This article describes a nonmarket valuation study about benefits of managing the invasive disease white pine blister rust in highelevation forests in the Western United States. Results demonstrate that, on average, households in the Western United States are willing to pay $154 to improve the resiliency of these forests. Factor analysis shows that long-run protection...
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Sustaining Outdoor Recreatoin and Forests in the United States
H. Ken Cordell; Gary T. Green
2001-01-01
The key words in forest management for the 21st century are "sustainable management". In this paper we present an overview of the nature of outdoor recreation demand growth in the United States and its significance in light of the need to sustain the nation's forests. We show that outdoor recreation demand is growing faster now than at any time in the...
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Is the footprint of longleaf pine in the Southeastern United States still shrinking?
Christopher M. Oswalt; Christopher W. Woodall; Horace W. Brooks
2015-01-01
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) was once one of the most ecologically important tree species in the southern United States. Longleaf pine and the accompanying longleaf forest ecosystems covered vast swaths of the South. Longleaf forests covered an estimated 92 million acres at their peak distribution and represented one of the most extensive forest ecosystems in...
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Climate-induced changes in vulnerability to biological threats in the southern United States
Rabiu Olatinwo; Qinfeng Guo; Songlin Fei; William Otrosina; Kier Klepzig; Douglas Streett
2014-01-01
Forest land managers face the challenges of preparing their forests for the impacts of climate change. However, climate change adds a new dimension to the task of developing and testing science-based management options to deal with the effects of stressors on forest ecosystems in the southern United States. The large spatial scale and complex interactions make...
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Michael Ulyshen; James Hanula
2009-01-01
Saproxylic beetles are highly sensitive to forest management practices that reduce the abundance and variety of dead wood. However, this diverse fauna continues to receive little attention in the southeastern United States even though this region supports some of the most diverse, productive and intensively managed forests in North America.
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36 CFR 251.17 - Grantor's right to occupy and use lands conveyed to the United States.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Grantor's right to occupy and use lands conveyed to the United States. 251.17 Section 251.17 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAND USES Miscellaneous Land Uses Rights of Grantors § 251.17...
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Effects of biotic disturbances on forest carbon cycling in the United States and Canada
Jeffrey A. Hicke; Craig D. Allen; Ankur R. Desai; Michael C. Dietze; Ronald J. Hall; Edward H. Hogg; Daniel M. Kashian; David Moore; Kenneth F. Raffa; Rona N. Sturrock; James Vogelmann
2011-01-01
Forest insects and pathogens are major disturbance agents that have affected millions of hectares in North America in recent decades, implying significant impacts to the carbon (C) cycle. Here, we review and synthesize published studies of the effects of biotic disturbances on forest C cycling in the United States and Canada. Primary productivity in stands was reduced...
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M.D. Ulyshen; J. L. Hanula
2009-01-01
Saproxylic beetles are highly sensitive to forest management practices that reduce the abundance and variety of dead wood. However, this diverse fauna continues to receive little attention in the southeastern United States even though this region supports some of the most diverse, productive and intensively managed forests in North...
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The relative density of forests in the United States
Christopher W. Woodall; Charles H. Perry; Patrick D. Miles
2006-01-01
A relative stand density assessment technique, using the mean specific gravity of all trees in a stand to predict its maximum stand density index (SDI) and subsequently its relative stand density (current SDI divided by maximum SDI), was used to estimate the relative density of forests across the United States using a national-scale forest inventory. Live tree biomass...
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Frank H. Koch; John W. Coulston
2018-01-01
Droughts affect most forested ecosystems of the United States, but they vary widely in frequency and intensity (Hanson andWeltzin 2000). Most western U.S. forests experience annual seasonal droughts, with the seasonality determined by broadscaleatmospheric circulation patterns and topography. For example, forests along the Pacific Coast usually...
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Matthew B. Russell; Grant M. Domke; Christopher W. Woodall; Anthony W. D' Amato
2015-01-01
Background: Refined estimation of carbon (C) stocks within forest ecosystems is a critical component of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the effects of projected climate change through forest C management. Specifically, belowground C stocks are currently estimated in the United States' national greenhouse gas inventory (US NGHGI) using...
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The Southern Forest Futures Project: technical report
David N. Wear; John G. Greis
2013-01-01
Please visit the Southern Forest Futures Project website for more information.The Southern Forest Futures Project provides a science-based âfuturingâ analysis of the forests of the 13 States of the Southeastern United States. With findings...
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James L. Chamberlain; Stephen Prisley; Michael McGuffin
2013-01-01
The roots of American ginseng have been harvested from the hardwood forests of eastern United States, along-side timber, since the mid-1700s. Very little is known about this non-timber commodity relative to timber, although significant volumes of ginseng root have been harvested from the same forests along with timber. The harvest of ginseng correlated positively and...
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Forests of the Northern United States
Stephen R. Shifley; Francisco X. Aguilar; Nianfu Song; Susan I. Stewart; David J. Nowak; Dale D. Gormanson; W. Keith Moser; Sherri Wormstead; Eric J. Greenfield
2012-01-01
Bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota, the 20 Northern States have a larger population and a higher proportion of forest cover than other comparably sized U.S. regions. Forest-associated issues across the North include insect and disease pests, invasive species, forest management capacity, management standards, biodiversity, forest fragmentation, water...
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Randy Johnson
2017-01-01
Among forest-associated plant species in the United States, less than one percent has been determined to be extinct. However, 57 trees or trees/shrubs are officially listed as threatened or endangered by the U.S. Department of Interior Fish and Wildlife Service. Most of these listed species are tropical island endemics; 35 are from Hawaii and 13 from Puerto Rico and/or...
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Small-scale, private lands forestry in the Lake States
Kathryn Fernholz
2004-01-01
Of the approximately 750 million acres of forests in the United States, approximately 46 percent is classified as "nonindustrial private forest" (NIPF). These are lands owned by private individuals, jointly or through family partnerships. According to the most recent USDA survey, there are 10,565,000 private woodland owners in the United States, collectively...
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Forest resource statistics for the Monongahela National Forest: 2000
Richard H. Widmann; Douglas M. Griffith
2004-01-01
During 1999-2000, the fifth inventory of West Virginia?s forest resources was conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the USDA Forest Service?s Northeastern Research Station. The survey included a subsample within the Monongahela National Forest (MNF). The results showed that the MNF contains 899,000 acres of forest land, or 7.5 percent of the State?s...
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A REVIEW AND SYNTHESIS OF MONOTERPENE SPECIATION FROM FORESTS IN THE UNITED STATES
The monoterpene composition (emission and tissue internal concentration) of major forest tree species in the United States is discussed. Of the 14 most commonly occurring compounds ( -pinene, -pinene, 3-carene, d-limonene, camphene, myrcene, -terpinenen, -phellandrene, sabin...
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Putting science into action on Forest Service Lands [Chapter 5
William M. Block; Victoria A. Saab; Leonard Ruggiero
2012-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service includes three main branches: National Forest Systems, Research and Development, and State and Private Forestry. Herein, we focus on National Forest Systems and Research and Development. National Forest Systems is the management branch of the agency, and its charge is to administer national forests and grasslands throughout the United States. A...
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Forest statistics for West-Central Tennessee counties - 1989
Dennis M. May; John S. Vissage
1989-01-01
Tabulated results were derived from data obtained during a recent inventory of 11 counties comprising the West-Central unit of Tennessee (fig. 1). Tables 1-25 were developed to provide compatibility among Forest Inventory and Analysis Projects. Tables 26-40 are supplementary tables and may change from unit to unit or State to State to address specific resource issues...
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United States trade in forest products, 1978 To 1987.
John T. Chmelik; David J. Brooks; Richard W. Haynes
1989-01-01
Tables summarize volume and unit value of United States trade in forest products. Import and export data are shown for 18 groups of commodities aggregated from 800 individual commodity items; original data were collected and reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Data given for each commodity group include detail on trading partners and information on shipments...
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Economic dynamics of forests and forest industries in the Southern United States
Thomas J. Brandeis; Andrew J. Hartsell; James W. Bentley; Consuelo Brandeis
2012-01-01
This report reviews how recent (2005-present) economic conditions have accelerated mill closings and job losses, and, to a lesser extent, influenced forest management in the Southern United States. We show that the number of primary roundwood-using mills has decreased across the South since the 1970s. At the same time, mill output has increased as the production of the...
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Robert T. Brooks; Robert T. Brooks
2005-01-01
Seasonal forest pools (SFPs) are geographically- and hydrologically- isolated ponded wetlands, in that they are topographically isolated from other surface waters. SFPs occur commonly throughout the temperate forests of the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. SFPs are ephemeral in occurrence, typically drying annually. The regular drying of SFPs excludes fish...
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Philip Radtke; David Walker; Jereme Frank; Aaron Weiskittel; Clara DeYoung; David MacFarlane; Grant Domke; Christopher Woodall; John Coulston; James Westfall
2017-01-01
Accurate estimation of forest biomass and carbon stocks at regional to national scales is a key requirement in determining terrestrial carbon sources and sinks on United States (US) forest lands. To that end, comprehensive assessment and testing of alternative volume and biomass models were conducted for individual tree models employed in the component ratio method (...
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Jeffrey P. Prestemon; James A. Turner; Joseph Buongiorno; Shushuai Zhu; Ruhong Li
2008-01-01
US policy and forest product industry decisionmakers need quantitative information about the magnitude of timber product market impacts from the possible introduction of an exotic and potentially dangerous defoliating forest pest. We applied the Global Forest Products Model to evaluate the effects on the United States of an invasion by the Asian gypsy (...
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Allocating Fire Mitigation Funds on the Basis of the Predicted Probabilities of Forest Wildfire
Ronald E. McRoberts; Greg C. Liknes; Mark D. Nelson; Krista M. Gebert; R. James Barbour; Susan L. Odell; Steven C. Yaddof
2005-01-01
A logistic regression model was used with map-based information to predict the probability of forest fire for forested areas of the United States. Model parameters were estimated using a digital layer depicting the locations of wildfires and satellite imagery depicting thermal hotspots. The area of the United States in the upper 50th percentile with respect to...
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David N. Wear
1996-01-01
This paper has described the evolution of the South's forest sector from several perspectives. Findings are summarized below: The South contains 24 percent of the U.S. land area, and 40 percent of U.S. timberland. Southern forests are among the most productive in the United States. Timberland ownership is dominated by private landowners. While ownership by...
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Christopher W. Woodall; William G. Luppold; Peter J. Ince; Ronald J. Piva; Kenneth E. Skog
2012-01-01
The forest industry within the northern region of the United States has demonstrated a notable decline in terms of employment, number of mills, wood consumption, and forest harvests since 2000--a downturn exacerbated by the "Great Recession" of 2007-2009. Longer term industrial decline (since 2000) has been evidenced by reductions in secondary product (e.g.,...
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Analysis of potential impacts of climate change on forests of the United States Pacific Northwest
Gregory Latta; Hailemariam Temesgen; Darius Adams; Tara Barrett
2010-01-01
As global climate changes over the next century, forest productivity is expected to change as well. Using PRISM climate and productivity data measured on a grid of 3356 plots, we developed a simultaneous autoregressive model to estimate the impacts of climate change on potential productivity of Pacific Northwest forests of the United States. The model, coupled with...
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Raymond L. Czaplewski
1999-01-01
The United States Department of Agriculture uses the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program to monitor the nation's forests and wood lands, and the National Resources Inventory (NRI) program to monitor the nation's agricultural and range lands. Although their measurement methods and sampling frames are very different, both programs are developing annual...
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Restoring dry and moist forests of the inland northwestern United States [Chapter 23
Theresa B. Jain; Russell T. Graham
2015-01-01
The complex topography of the Inland Northwestern United States (58.4 million ha) interacts with soils and a highly variable climate to provide a mosaic of dry and moist mixed conifer forest settings. Approximately 20% of the area is covered by dry forests dominated by Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii and contains a diversity of lower vegetation ranging from a...
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Martin A. Spetich; Zhaofei Fan; Zhen Sui; Michael Crosby; Hong S. He; Stephen R. Shifley; Theodor D. Leininger; W. Keith Moser
2017-01-01
Stresses to trees under a changing climate can lead to changes in forest tree survival, mortality and distribution. For instance, a study examining the effects of human-induced climate change on forest biodiversity by Hansen and others (2001) predicted a 32% reduction in loblollyâshortleaf pine habitat across the eastern United States. However, they also...
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Estimation of invasive probability of multiflora rose in the upper Midwest
Weiming Yu; Zhaofei Fan; W. K. Moser; M. H. Hansen; M. D. Nelson
2012-01-01
Multiflora rose (Rosa Multiflora Thunb.) (MFR) is widely spreading across the United States, with up to 38 states in the contiguous United States reporting the presence of this species. In this study, U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data from the Upper Midwest states for the period of 2005-2006 were...
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Robert M. Jetton; W. Andrew Whittier; William S. Dvorak; Gary R. Hodge; Barbara S. Crane; James “Rusty” Rhea
2017-01-01
The southern United States is home to some of the worldâs most biologically diverse temperate forests. These forests range from the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains to the Southern Appalachian Mountains and are home to more than 140 tree species which provide a number of ecosystem services, including clean air and water, carbon storage, recreational opportunities, wood...
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Sara A. Goeking; Greg C. Liknes
2009-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program attempts to inventory all forested lands throughout the United States. Each of the four FIA units has developed a process to minimize inventory costs by refraining from visiting those plots in the national inventory grid that are undoubtedly nonforest. We refer to this process as pre-field operations. Until recently, the...
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Eric H. Wharton; Richard H. Widmann; Carol L. Alerich; Charles H. Barnett; Andrew J. Lister; Tonya W. Lister; Don Smith; Fred Borman
2004-01-01
A report on the fourth forest inventory of Connecticut conducted in 1997-98 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Explains the current condition and changes from previous inventories for forest area, timber volume, biomass, growth and removals, and harvesting. Graphics depict data at the state and geographic-unit level and,...
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Long-term changes in fusiform rust incidence in the southeastern United States
KaDonna C. Randolph; Ellis B. Cowling; Dale A. Starkey
2015-01-01
Fusiform rust is the most devastating disease of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the southeastern United States. Since the 1970s, the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program has assessed fusiform rust incidence on its network of ground plots in 13 states across the...
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Paul V. Ellefson; Michael A. Kilgore; James E. Granskog
2006-01-01
In 2003, a comprehensive assessment of state government, forest practice regulatory programs in the United States was undertaken. Involved was an extensive review of the literature and information gathering h m program administration in all 50 states. The assessment determined that regulatory programs focus on a wide range of forestry practices applied to private...
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Caloric Value of Some Forest Fuels of the Southern United States
Walter A. Hough
1969-01-01
The caloric value of a variety of southern forest fuels was determined in an oxygen bomb calorimeter. High heat values ranged between about 3,600 and 5,200 cal./g. for fuels as sampled and between 4,500 and 5,600 cal./g. for fuels on an ash-free basis. Additional tests of forest fuels from the Southern, Eastern, and North Central United States showed a...
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Modeling browse impacts on sapling and tree recruitment across forests in the northern United States
Matthew B. Russell; James A. Westfall; Christopher W. Woodall
2017-01-01
Understanding the patterns of tree recruitment is essential to quantifying the future health and productivity of forest ecosystems. Using national forest inventory information, we incorporated browse impact measurements into models of sapling (2.5â12.7 cm diameter at breast height (DBH)) and overstory tree (â¥12.7 cm DBH) ingrowth across the northern United States....
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Kurt H. Riitters; James D. Wickham; John W. Coulston
2004-01-01
Abstract. As part of the U.S. 2003 National Report on Sustainable Forests, four metrics of forest fragmentation â patch size, edge amount, inter-patch distance, and patch contrast â were measured within 137 744 non-overlapping 5625 ha analysis units on land-cover maps derived from satellite imagery for the 48 conterminous States. The perimeter of a...
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Wenchi Jin; Hong S. He; Frank R. Thompson; Wen J. Wang; Jacob S. Fraser; Stephen R. Shifley; Brice B. Hanberry; William D. Dijak
2017-01-01
The Central Hardwood Forest (CHF) in the United States is currently a major carbon sink, there are uncertainties in how long the current carbon sink will persist and if the CHF will eventually become a carbon source. We used a multi-model ensemble to investigate aboveground carbon density of the CHF from 2010 to 2300 under current climate. Simulations were done using...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR
2012-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Exercise of water rights reserved by the grantor of lands conveyed to the United States. 251.19 Section 251.19 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAND USES Miscellaneous Land Uses Rights of Grantors § 251.19 Exercise of water rights...
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Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR
2011-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Exercise of water rights reserved by the grantor of lands conveyed to the United States. 251.19 Section 251.19 Parks, Forests, and Public Property FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAND USES Miscellaneous Land Uses Rights of Grantors § 251.19 Exercise of water rights...
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Andrzej Bytnerowicz; Mark Fenn; Steven McNulty; Fengming Yuan; Afshin Pourmokhtarian; Charles Driscoll; Tom Meixner
2013-01-01
A review of the current status of air pollution and climate change (CC) in the United States from a perspective of their impacts on forest ecosystems is provided. Ambient ozone (O3) and nitrogen (N) deposition have important and widespread ecological impacts in U.S. forests. Effects of sulphurous (S) air pollutants and other trace pollutants have...
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David N. Bengston; Robert S. Potts; David P. Fan; Edward G. Goetz
2005-01-01
Urban sprawl has been identified as a serious threat to forests and other natural areas in the United States, and public concern about the impacts of sprawling development patterns has grown in recent years. The prominence of public concern about sprawl is germane to planners, managers, and policymakers involved in efforts to protect interface forests from urban...
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The Role of Gender in Management Behaviors on Family Forest Lands in the United States
Sarah M. Butler; Emily S. Huff; Stephanie A. Snyder; Brett J. Butler; Mary Tyrrell
2017-01-01
In the United States, 58% of the 11 million family forest ownerships with at least 10 acres of forestland have at least one female owner. Within the single-owner population of landowners, women are the sole owners of and primary decisionmakers for 31% of ownerships. Despite the number of female family forest owners (FFOs), little research has focused on whether land-...
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Ecological effects of variable retention harvests in the northwestern United States: the DEMO study.
Keith B. Aubry; Charles B. Halpern; Douglas A. Maguire
2004-01-01
The retention of trees in harvest units is an integral part of forest management practices on federal lands in the northwestern United States (U.S.), yet the ecological benefits that result from various levels or patterns of retained trees remain speculative. Large scale and long term silviculture experiments are needed to evaluate the effects of alternative forest...
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A National Assessment of Forest Fragmentation Change for the Conterminous United States
Determination of land-cover change is important for ecological assessments and environmental planning. We used national land-cover change data, resolved at 0.09 ha per pixel, to assess change in forest fragmentation for the conterminous United States. Temporal change in fragmen...
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Forest statistics of the United States, 1987.
Karen L. Waddell; Danlel D. Oswald; Douglas S. Powell
1989-01-01
The Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act (RPA) of 1974 (88 Stat. 476 as amended) directs the U.S. Department of Agriculture to conduct a comprehensive assessment of all forest and range land resources on both public and private lands. Forest resource data collected from periodic surveys in each State and Forest Service Region were entered into a...
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Christopher Oswalt
2016-01-01
This resource update provides an overview of forest resource attributes for the State of Tennessee based on an annual inventory conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program at the Southern Research Station of the Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture Division of Forestry....
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C.M. Oswalt; C.R. King
2014-01-01
This resource update provides an overview of forest resource attributes for the State of Tennessee based on an annual inventory conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program at the Southern Research Station of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture Division of Forestry. These...
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Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in the United States, 2011-2013
Brett J. Butler; Sarah M. Butler
2016-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program conducts the National Woodland Owner Survey in order to better understand: who owns America's forests, why they own it, what they have done with it in the past, and what they intend to do with it in the future. This document summarizes data on family forest ownerships with 10+ acres in the United...
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Input-output budgets for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) are summarized for 24 small watersheds at 15 locations in the northeasternUnited States. The study watersheds are completely forested, free of recent physical disturbances, and span a geographical region bounded by West ...
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Ronald L. Trosper; Fred Clark; Patrica Gerez-Fernandez; Frank Lake; Deborah McGregor; Charles M. Peters; Silvia Purata; Teresa Ryan; Alan Thomson; Alan E. Watson; Stephen Wyatt
2012-01-01
The colonial history of North America presents a contrast between Mexico and the two predominantly English-speaking countries, the United States and Canada. In Mexico, indigenous and other local communities own considerable forested lands, a consequence of the Mexican Revolution of the early twentieth century. In the United States, forest land is now primarily in...
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A guide to soil samplng and analysis on the National Forests of the Inland Northwest United States
Deb Page-Dumroese; Al Harvey; Marty Jurgensen
1995-01-01
This guide details soil collection methods, sample analysis, and data translation. It outlines what field soil scientists need to make accurate interpretations of site information. Included are instructions for sampling typical Andisols found on National Forests of the Inland Northwest United States.
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Nonnative forest insects and pathogens in the United States: Impacts and policy options.
Lovett, Gary M; Weiss, Marissa; Liebhold, Andrew M; Holmes, Thomas P; Leung, Brian; Lambert, Kathy Fallon; Orwig, David A; Campbell, Faith T; Rosenthal, Jonathan; McCullough, Deborah G; Wildova, Radka; Ayres, Matthew P; Canham, Charles D; Foster, David R; LaDeau, Shannon L; Weldy, Troy
2016-07-01
We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects and diseases in the United States, including their ecological and economic impacts, pathways of arrival, distribution within the United States, and policy options for reducing future invasions. Nonnative insects have accumulated in United States forests at a rate of ~2.5 per yr over the last 150 yr. Currently the two major pathways of introduction are importation of live plants and wood packing material such as pallets and crates. Introduced insects and diseases occur in forests and cities throughout the United States, and the problem is particularly severe in the Northeast and Upper Midwest. Nonnative forest pests are the only disturbance agent that has effectively eliminated entire tree species or genera from United States forests within decades. The resulting shift in forest structure and species composition alters ecosystem functions such as productivity, nutrient cycling, and wildlife habitat. In urban and suburban areas, loss of trees from streets, yards, and parks affects aesthetics, property values, shading, stormwater runoff, and human health. The economic damage from nonnative pests is not yet fully known, but is likely in the billions of dollars per year, with the majority of this economic burden borne by municipalities and residential property owners. Current policies for preventing introductions are having positive effects but are insufficient to reduce the influx of pests in the face of burgeoning global trade. Options are available to strengthen the defenses against pest arrival and establishment, including measures taken in the exporting country prior to shipment, measures to ensure clean shipments of plants and wood products, inspections at ports of entry, and post-entry measures such as quarantines, surveillance, and eradication programs. Improved data collection procedures for inspections, greater data accessibility, and better reporting would support better evaluation of policy effectiveness. Lack of additional action places the nation, local municipalities, and property owners at high risk of further damaging and costly invasions. Adopting stronger policies to reduce establishments of new forest insects and diseases would shift the major costs of control to the source and alleviate the economic burden now borne by homeowners and municipalities. © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America.
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Forest inventory, catastrophic events and historic geospatial assessments in the south
Dennis M. Jacobs
2007-01-01
Catastrophic events are a regular occurrence of disturbance to forestland in the Southern United States. Each major event affects the integrity of the forest inventory database developed and maintained by the Forest Inventory & Analysis Research Work Unit of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Some of these major disturbances through the years have...
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Size of forest holdings and family forests: implications for forest management in South Carolina.
Brian Williams; Thomas Straka; Richard Harper
2012-01-01
There are about 11.3 million private forest owners in the United States; of those, 10.4 million are family forest owners who control 62% of the nation's private timberland. South Carolina has about 262,000 family forest owners who control almost two-thirds of the state's private timberland (Butler, 2008). In the recent past, these ownerships were generally...
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Forest conditions and trends in the northern United States
Stephen R. Shifley; Francisco X. Aguilar; Nianfu Song; Susan I. Stewart; David J. Nowak; Dale D. Gormanson; W. Keith Moser; Sherri Wormstead; Eric J. Greenfield
2012-01-01
This section describes current conditions and trends for the 20 Northern States by focusing on selected characteristics associated with forest sustainability. Its format is based upon a set of 64 indicators within 7 broad criteria that the United States and 11 other countries have adopted under the auspices of the Montréal Process Working Group on Criteria and...
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Assessing Public Preferences for Forest Biomass Based Energy in the Southern United States
Andres Susaeta; Janaki Alavalapati; Pankaj Lal; Jagannadha R Matta; Evan Mercer
2010-01-01
This article investigated public preferences for forest biomass based liquid biofuels, particularly ethanol blends of 10% (E10) and 85% (E85). We conducted a choice experiment study in three southern states in the United States: Arkansas, Florida, and Virginia. Reducing atmospheric CO2, decreasing risk of wildfires and pest outbreaks, and enhancing biodiversity were...
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Kimberly A. Novick; A. Christopher Oishi; Eric J. Ward; Mario B.S. Siqueira; Jehn-Yih Juang; Paul C. Stoy
2015-01-01
The southeastern United States is experiencing a rapid regional increase in the ratio of pine to deciduous forest ecosystems at the same time it is experiencing changes in climate. This study is focused on exploring how these shifts will affect the carbon sink capacity of southeastern US forests, which we show here are among the strongest carbon sinks in the...
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Scott A. Enebak
2013-01-01
This paper gives a brief history of the Southern Forest Nursery Management Cooperativeâs (SFNMC) efforts in testing methyl bromide (MBr) alternatives for soil fumigation. In the southeastern United States, fumigation with MBr has been the most commonly used method for producing high quality, pest-free forest-tree seedlings in an environment that is conducive for soil-...
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W. Keith Moser; Earl C. Leatherberry; Mark H. Hansen; Brett J. Butler
2009-01-01
This paper reports the results of a study that explores the relationship between farm woodland owners' stated intentions for owning woodland, and the structure and composition of these woodlands in the states of Illinois, Indiana and Iowa in the upper Midwest of the United States. Data from two sample-based inventories conducted by the USDA Forest Service, Forest...
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Mark A. Rumble; R. Scott Gamo
2011-01-01
Timber management is the most prominent land management activity in the Black Hills National Forest in the northcentral United States. Management units are stands 4-32 ha in size and are described using a hierarchal vegetative description including vegetation type, size class (age), and overstory canopy cover. For the most part, these stands are relatively homogeneous...
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Kristell A. Miller; Stephanie A. Snyder; Mike A. Kilgore; Mae A. Davenport
2014-01-01
In 2012, focus groups were organized with individuals owning 20+ acres in the Lake States region of the United States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) to discuss various issues related to forest carbon offsetting. Focus group participants consisted of landowners who had responded to an earlier mail-back survey (2010) on forest carbon offsets. Two focus groups were...
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Rehabilitation of fire-damaged forest lands in southwestern Maine
A. D. Nutting; James C. Rettie; Wayne G. Banks
1949-01-01
Recognizing that it can ill afford the loss of timber productivity on the large acreage of forest land burned over by the 1947 fires, the state of Maine requested assistance of the Northeastern Forest Experiment Station of the United States Forest Service in a program of research that would aid in the rehabilitation of the burned-over forest land.
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Regional Assessment of Remote Forests and Black Bear Habitat from Forest Resource Surveys
Victor A. Rudis; John B. Tansey
1995-01-01
We developed a spatially explicit modeling approach, using a county-scaled remote forest (i.e., forested area reserved from or having no direct human interference) assessment derived from 1984-1990 forest resource inventory data and a 1984 black bear (Ursus americantus) range map for 12 states in the southern United States.We defined minimum suitable and optimal black...
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Nursery Diseases of Western Conifers
Jerry W. Riffle; Richard S. Jr. Smith
1979-01-01
Forest tree nurseries in the Western United States, the region immediately west of the Great Plains, currently produce over 250 million trees per year. Recent Federal legislation requires the Forest Service to increase its efforts in reforestation of nonstocked forest land, and some States now require owners of forest land to provide for reforestation immediately...
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An assessment of multiflora rose in northern U.S. forests
Cassandra M. Kurtz; Mark H. Hansen
2013-01-01
This publication provides an overview of multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora) on forest land across the 24 states of the midwestern and northeastern United States based on an extensive systematic network of plots measured by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station (NRS).
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Tennessee, 2011-forest inventory and analysis factsheet
Christopher M. Oswalt
2013-01-01
This science update provides an overview of forest resource attributes for the State of Tennessee based on an annual inventory conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program at the Southern Research Station of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture Division of Forestry. These...
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Richard H. Widmann; Charles R. Dye; Gregory W. Cook
2007-01-01
A report on the forest inventory of West Virginia conducted in 1999-2001 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Discusses the current condition and changes from previous inventories for forest area, timber volume, tree species, mortality and growth and removals. Graphics depict data at the state level and by county where...
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Assessment and Mapping of Forest Parcel Sizes
Brett J. Butler; Susan L. King
2005-01-01
A method for analyzing and mapping forest parcel sizes in the Northeastern United States is presented. A decision tree model was created that predicts forest parcel size from spatially explicit predictor variables: population density, State, percentage forest land cover, and road density. The model correctly predicted parcel size for 60 percent of the observations in a...
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Forest Resources of the United States, 1997
W. Brad Smith; John S. Vissage; David R. Darr; Raymond M. Sheffield
2001-01-01
Forest resource statistics from the 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment were updated to 1997 to provide current information on the Nation`s forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State. Current resource data are analyzed and...
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Forest Resources of the United States, 2007
W. Brad, tech. coord. Smith; Patrick D., data coord. Miles; Charles H., map coord. Perry; Scott A., Data CD coord. Pugh
2009-01-01
Forest resource statistics from the 2000 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment were updated to provide current information on the Nation's forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State. Current resource data and trends are analyzed...
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Anomalous dismeter distribution shifts estimated from FIA inventories through time
Francis A. Roesch; Paul C. Van Deusen
2010-01-01
In the past decade, the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Serviceâs Forest Inventory and Analysis Program (FIA) has replaced regionally autonomous, periodic, state-wide forest inventories using various probability proportional to tree size sampling designs with a nationally consistent annual forest inventory design utilizing systematically spaced clusters...
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Richard H. Widmann
2005-01-01
A report on the fourth forest inventory of New Jersey conducted in 1998-99 by the Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the Northeastern Research Station. Discusses the current condition and changes from previous inventories for forest area, timber volume, tree species, and growth and removals. Graphics depict data at the state level and by county where appropriate...
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Tennessee, 2008 forest inventory and analysis factsheet
Christopher Oswalt; Christopher King
2011-01-01
This publication provides an overview of forest resource attributes for the State of Tennessee based on an annual inventory conducted by the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program at the Southern Research Station of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture Division of Forestry. These...
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Indicators of regenerative capacity for eastern hardwood forests
William H. McWilliams; Todd W. Bowersox; Patrick H. Brose; Daniel A. Devlin; James C. Finley; Steve Horsley; Kurt W. Gottschalk; Tonya W. Lister; Larry H. McCormick; Gary W. Miller; Kim C. Steiner; Susan L. Stout; James A. Westfall; Robert L. White
2004-01-01
Hardwood forests of the eastern United States are characterized by a complex mix of species associations that make it difficult to construct useful indicators of long-term sustainability, in terms of future forest composition and stocking levels. The Pennsylvania Regeneration Study examines regeneration adequacy in the state. The study uses the Forest Service's...
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Population Change as Related to Long-Term Cycles in Residential Construction in the United States.
1981-03-01
Research Paper Long-Term Cycles FPL 392 March 1 in Residential Construction in the United States , mllmill - -N ABSTRACT Major demographic changes have...ferent from what they are now. This paper analyzes the potential impact of changing population growth rates and the age structure of the population...United StatesPuiChangeDepartment of AgriculturePo ua inCng Forest Service Forest Lrouato as Related toP ductsLaboratory, Research Paper LongnTerm Cycles
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Daolan Zheng; Linda S. Heath; Mark J. Ducey; Brad Quayle
2013-01-01
The relative contributions of double counting of carbon emissions between forest-to-nonforest cover change (FNCC) and forest wildfires are an unknown in estimating net forest carbon exchanges at large scales. This study employed land-cover change maps and forest fire data in the four representative states (Arkansas, California, Minnesota, and Washington) of the US for...
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Hirabayashi, Satoshi; Nowak, David J
2016-08-01
Trees remove air pollutants through dry deposition processes depending upon forest structure, meteorology, and air quality that vary across space and time. Employing nationally available forest, weather, air pollution and human population data for 2010, computer simulations were performed for deciduous and evergreen trees with varying leaf area index for rural and urban areas in every county in the conterminous United States. The results populated a national database of annual air pollutant removal, concentration changes, and reductions in adverse health incidences and costs for NO2, O3, PM2.5 and SO2. The developed database enabled a first order approximation of air quality and associated human health benefits provided by trees with any forest configurations anywhere in the conterminous United States over time. Comprehensive national database of tree effects on air quality and human health in the United States was developed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States
Phillip J. van Mantgem; Nathan L. Stephenson; John C. Byrne; Lori D. Daniels; Jerry F. Franklin; Peter Z. Fule; Mark E. Harmon; Andrew J. Larson; Jeremy M. Smith; Alan H. Taylor; Thomas T. Veblen
2009-01-01
Persistent changes in tree mortality rates can alter forest structure, composition, and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. Our analyses of longitudinal data from unmanaged old forests in the western United States showed that background (noncatastrophic) mortality rates have increased rapidly in recent decades, with doubling periods ranging from 17 to 29...
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Fate of Hexazinone and Picloram in Southern United States Forest Watersheds
D.G. Neary; P.B. Bush; J.L. Michael
1986-01-01
Herbicides are being used more frequently in the intensively managed forest ecosystems of the southeastern United States. Host of this increased use occurs during site preparation prior to replanting cutover or converted stands. Herbicides provide a cost effective tool for controlling herbaceous and woody weed competition which adversely affects pine establishment and...
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Alternative ponderosa pine restoration treatments in the western United States
James McIver; Phillip Weatherspoon; Carl Edminster
2001-01-01
Compared to presettlement times, many ponderosa pine forests of the United States are now more dense and have greater quantities of fuels. Widespread treatments are needed in these forests to restore ecological integrity and to reduce the risk of uncharacteristically severe fires. Among possible restorative treatments, however, the appropriate balance among cuttings,...
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Wood fuel potential from harvested areas in the eastern United States.
Eugene M. Carpenter
1980-01-01
Estimates amount of wood fiber that could be available for fuel from forest residues on harvested areas in the eastern United States. Includes a key to resource data published by the USDA Forest Service and factors for estimating amounts of cull, bark, tops, and limbs from inventory and product output tabulations.
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Birds of the Southeastern United States: A Historical Perspective
James G. Dickson
1997-01-01
Historic freshwater aquatic and wetland ecosystems of the Southeastern United States were predominantly rivers and streams and associated natural bottomland forests. These systems have been drastically altered through the creation of reservoirs via damming, through other alterations of water courses and their associated forests, and through conversion to other uses. In...
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Effects of forest fuel-reduction treatments in the United States
Scott L. Stephens; James D. McIver; Ralph E.J. Boerner; Christopher J. Fettig; Joseph B. Fontaine; Bruce R. Hartsough; Patricia L. Kennedy; Dylan W. Schwilk
2012-01-01
The current conditions of many seasonally dry forests in the western and southern United States, especially those that once experienced low- to moderate-intensity fire regimes, leave them uncharacteristically susceptible to high-severity wildfire. Both prescribed fire and its mechanical surrogates are generally successful in meeting short-term fuel-reduction objectives...
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Human dimensions of early successional landscapes in the eastern United States
Paul H. Gobster
2001-01-01
People interactions wit early successional landscapes are varied and diverse. I review 3 key ways thta people perceive, use, and value forest landscapes, emphasizing selected types of early successional landscapes in the eastern United States(U.S.): production and comsumption of timber and nontimber forest products, visual and aesthetic perceptions , and recreational...
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Statewide LANDSAT inventory of California forests
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Likens, W.; Peterson, D. (Principal Investigator)
1981-01-01
Six forest cover categories were mapped, along with 10 general land cover classes. To map the state's 100 million acres, 1.6 acre mapping units were utilized. Map products were created. Standing forest acreage for the state was computed to be 26.8 million acres.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-04-18
... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 7417] Meetings of The United States-Peru Environmental Affairs... of meetings of the United States-Peru Environmental Affairs Council, Environmental Cooperation... notice that the United States and Peru intend to hold the third meeting of the Sub-Committee on Forest...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-05-14
... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice: 7873] Meetings of the United States-Peru Environmental Affairs... of meetings of the United States-Peru Environmental Affairs Council, Environmental Cooperation... the United States and Peru intend to hold the fifth meeting of the Sub-Committee on Forest Sector...
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Global Markets and the Health of American Forests: A Forest Service Perspective
Sally Collins; David Darr; David Wear; Hutch Brown
2008-01-01
The United States is rich in forests, yet about 39% of the softwood lumber used by Americans in 2005 came from other countries (WWPA 2006). In fact, the United States has not been âself-sufficientâ in lumber (with exports exceeding imports) for more than 40 years. According to Haynes et al. (2007), the trade deficit in lumber has grown from 4.1 billion board feet (bbf...
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Theresa B. Jain; Mike A. Battaglia; Han-Sup Han; Russell T. Graham; Christopher R. Keyes; Jeremy S. Fried; Jonathan E. Sandquist
2014-01-01
Several mechanical approaches to managing vegetation fuels hold promise when applied to the dry mixed conifer forests in the western United States. These are most useful to treat surface, ladder, and crown fuels. There are a variety of techniques to remove or alter all kinds of plant biomass (live, dead, or decomposed) that affect forest resilience. It is important for...
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Alaska forest products: using resources well.
Valerie Rapp
2003-01-01
Despite abundant forest resources in the state, the Alaska forest products industry declined throughout the 1990s and early 21st century. In a state with lots of trees, mills are going out of business and most finished lumber used in the state is imported from the lower 48 United States and Canada. The Alaska Wood Utilization Research and Development Center (Wood...
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Sonja N. Oswalt; W. Brad Smith; Patrick D. Miles; Scott A. Pugh
2014-01-01
Forest resource statistics from the 2010 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment were updated to provide current information on the Nation's forests as a baseline for the 2015 national assessment. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output in various ways, such as by ownership, region, or State...
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Summary Report: Forest Health Monitoring in the South, 1991
William A. Bechtold; William H. Hoffard; Robert L. Anderson
1992-01-01
The USDA Forest Service and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have launched a joint program to monitor the health of forests iu the United States. The program is still in the initial phases of implementation, but several indicators of forest health are undergoiug development and permanent plots have been established in 12 States. This report contains...
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Crown-condition classification: a guide to data collection and analysis
Michael E. Schomaker; Stanley J. Zarnoch; William A. Bechtold; David J. Latelle; William G. Burkman; Susan M. Cox
2007-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, conducts a national inventory of forests across the United States. A systematic subset of permanent inventory plots in 38 States is currently sampled every year for numerous forest health indicators. One of these indicators, crown-condition classification, is designed...
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Patterns and trends of early successional forests in the Eastern United States
Margaret K. Trani; Robert T. Brooks; Thomas L. Schmidt; Victor A. Rudis; Christine M. Gabbard
2001-01-01
We assessed the status of early successional forest conditions for 33 Eastern States within the New England, Middle Atlantic, Great Lakes, Central Plains, Coastal South, and Interior South subregions. We used Forest Inventory and Analysis surveys to analyze trends from 1946 to 1998. Dramatic regional differences occurred in distribution of early successional forests....
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A closer look at forests on the edge: future development on private forests in three states.
Eric White; Rhonda. Mazza
2008-01-01
Privately owned forests provide many public benefits, including clean water and air, wildlife habitat, and recreational opportunities. By 2030, 44.2 million acres of rural private forest land across the conterminous United States are projected to experience substantial increases in residential development. As housing density increases, the public benefits provided by...
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Sundquist, Eric T.; Ackerman, Katherine V.; Bliss, Norman B.; Kellndorfer, Josef M.; Reeves, Matt C.; Rollins, Matthew G.
2009-01-01
This report provides results of a rapid assessment of biological carbon stocks and forest biomass carbon sequestration capacity in the conterminous United States. Maps available from the U.S. Department of Agriculture are used to calculate estimates of current organic carbon storage in soils (73 petagrams of carbon, or PgC) and forest biomass (17 PgC). Of these totals, 3.5 PgC of soil organic carbon and 0.8 PgC of forest biomass carbon occur on lands managed by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI). Maps of potential vegetation are used to estimate hypothetical forest biomass carbon sequestration capacities that are 3–7 PgC higher than current forest biomass carbon storage in the conterminous United States. Most of the estimated hypothetical additional forest biomass carbon sequestration capacity is accrued in areas currently occupied by agriculture and development. Hypothetical forest biomass carbon sequestration capacities calculated for existing forests and woodlands are within ±1 PgC of estimated current forest biomass carbon storage. Hypothetical forest biomass sequestration capacities on lands managed by the DOI in the conterminous United States are 0–0.4 PgC higher than existing forest biomass carbon storage. Implications for forest and other land management practices are not considered in this report. Uncertainties in the values reported here are large and difficult to quantify, particularly for hypothetical carbon sequestration capacities. Nevertheless, this rapid assessment helps to frame policy and management discussion by providing estimates that can be compared to amounts necessary to reduce predicted future atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
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Technical aspects of the forest carbon inventory of the United States: recent past and near future
Christopher W. Woodall; James E. Smith; Grant M. Domke; Sean P. Healey; John W. Coulston; Andrew N. Gray
2012-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis program of the U.S. Forest Service has explicitly assumed responsibility for providing an inventory of the U.S. forests' carbon stocks and stock change to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for numerous years to meet obligations to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Recent improvements, plans for the...
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Younger, S. E.
2015-12-01
This study assessed the relationship between evapotranspiration (ET) and different types of forest for 74 gaged drainage basins in the Southeast United States with at least 29 years of data and greater than 40% forest cover. The objective was to determine if a difference in tree water use was detectible at the USGS gaged basin scale. It was hypothesized that ET rates are higher in Evergreen dominated watershed due to greater annual productivity. Discharge from United States Geological Survey (USGS) gages (D), landcover from the National Landcover Dataset (NLCD), and precipitation (P) from Daymet, Mauer, Observed Gridded, and PRISM. Annual ET was estimated using ET = P - D. To reduce geological influences the study basins were selected from an area of crystalline bedrock within the Piedmont and Southern Blue Ridge physiographic provinces. Correlations between ET and forest type show a significant difference between evergreen and deciduous forest cover. Evergreen forest dominated watersheds had a positive relationship with ET. Deciduous and Mixed forest dominated watersheds had a negative relationship with ET. These findings are similar to other studies looking at the effect of forest type on ET although other land uses in the basins have potentially indiscernible influences on discharge.
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John A. Stanturf; Robert Kellison; F.S. Broerman; Stephen Jones; Alan Lucier
2002-01-01
Public and Private Funding of Forestry Research in the Southern United States, 1929-2999. Forest management in the southern United States intensified over the last 80 years and the pine forests of the Coastal Plain can be regarded as in the early stage of crop domestication. In 1997, 57 % of the softwood and 52 % of the hardwood timber produced in the country came from...
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David B. McKeever; Cherilyn A. Hatfield
1984-01-01
This publication presents 124 charts on past trends in the production, consumption, and foreign trade of forest products in the United States. The charts have been printed full-page width for use (with opaque projectors of in making overhead transparancies) as visual aids by teachers, state and federal resource managers, industry personnel, or anyone else interested in...
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Louis Iverson; Anantha Prasad; Anantha Prasad
2003-01-01
FIA data are extremely valuable for evaluating regional variation in forest distribution. We have processed and summarized FIA data to show four patterns across the Eastern United States: 1) the number and density of FIA forested plots by state, 2) current importance values and frequencies for several species within 20 x 20 km blocks, 3) tree diversity by block, and 4...
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Louis Iverson; Anantha Prasad
2002-01-01
FIA data are extremely valuable for evaluating regional variation in forest distribution. We have processed and summarized FIA data to show four patterns across the Eastern United States: 1) the number and density of FIA forested plots by state, 2) current importance values and frequencies for several species within 20 x 20 km blocks, 3) tree diversity by block, and 4...
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Contemporary wood utilization research needs in the Western United States.
Robert A. Monserud; Eini C. Lowell; Dennis R. Becker; Susan Stevens Hummel; Ellen M. Donoghue; R. James Barbour; Kenneth A. Kilborn; David L. Nicholls; Joe Roos; Randall A. Cantrell
2004-01-01
Contemporary wood utilization research needs in the Western United States are examined in this problem analysis. Key focal areas include: A. Changes in forest management actions and policies affect forest conditions and people, which in turn affect wood quality and wood utilization opportunities. B. Effects of natural disturbances (e.g., wildfire, insect outbreaks) on...
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Forest Land Ownership in the Conterminous United States [map
Mark D. Nelson; Greg C. Liknes
2007-01-01
Patterns of public and private forestland ownership vary across the United States. For example, two-thirds of western forestland is publicly owned, mostly by federal agencies such as the U.S. Forest Service (USFS), Bureau of Land Management, and National Park Service. However, more than 80 percent of eastern forestland is privately owned. Private forestland is further...
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Ecosystem management decision support for federal forests in the United States: a review
H. Michael Rauscher
1999-01-01
Ecosystem management has been adopted as the philosophical paradigm guiding management on many Federal forests in the United States. The strategic goal of ecosystem management is to find a sensible middle ground between ensuring long-term protection of the environment while allowing an increasing population to use its natural resources for maintaining and improving...
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Water quality impacts of forest fires
Tecle Aregai; Daniel Neary
2015-01-01
Forest fires have been serious menace, many times resulting in tremendous economic, cultural and ecological damage to many parts of the United States. One particular area that has been significantly affected is the water quality of streams and lakes in the water thirsty southwestern United States. This is because the surface water coming off burned areas has resulted...
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A summary of water yield experiments on hardwood forested watersheds in northeastern United States
J. W. Hornbeck; M. B. Adams; E. S. Corbett; E. S. Verry; J. A. Lynch
1995-01-01
This paper summarizes and compares long-term changes in annual water yield following cutting experiments at four locations in northeastern United States. Substantial increases in water yield of up to 350 mm yr-1 were obtained in the first year by clearfelling hardwood forest vegetation and controlling regrowth with herbicides. Commercial...
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Ecology of bottomland oaks in the southeastern United states
Emile S. Gardiner
2001-01-01
0aks (Querczrs spp.) are among the most ecologically and economically valued trees of the floodplain forests which occupy the river valleys that dissect the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains of the southeastem United States. In these floodplain forests, several species from the sections Quercus and Lobarae are commonly found distributed along a gradient of sites ranging...
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75 FR 21036 - Notice of Proposed Withdrawal Extension and Opportunity for Public Meeting; Oregon
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2010-04-22
...,400 acres of National Forest System land from mining in order to protect the major anadromous fish...: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The United States Forest Service (USFS) has..., from location and entry under the United States mining laws (30 U.S.C. ch. 2), for an additional 20...
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Gerard, tech. coord. Hertel; Gerard Hertel
1988-01-01
Includes 66 papers presented at the US/FRG research symposium: effects of atmospheric pollutants on the spruce-fir forests of the Eastern United States and the Federal Republic of Germany, which was held October 19-23, 1987, in Burlington, Vermont.
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Diagnosis of Annosus Root Disease in Mixed Conifer Forests in the Northwestern United States
Craig L. Schmitt
1989-01-01
Recognizing annosus root disease affecting conifers in northwestern United States forests is discussed. Field diagnosis can bemade by observing characteristic stand patterns, wood stain and decay, ectotrophic mycelium, and sporophores. Most seriously affected trees include hemlocks, grand fir, white fir and Pacific silver fir. Ponderosa pine and other true firs may...
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Test of four stand growth simulators for the northeastern United States
Thomas M. Schuler; David A. Marquis; Richard L. Ernst; Brian T. Simpson; Brian T. Simpson
1993-01-01
Evaluates SILVAH, FIBER, NE-TWIGS, and OAKSIM, simulators commonly used in the northeastern United States, by comparing predicted stand development with actual stand development records for periods ranging from 15 to 50 years. Results varied with stand parameter, forest type, projection length, and geographic area. Except in the spruce-fir forest type where FIBER...
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Forest access roads: design, maintenance, and soil loss
Lloyd W. Swift
1988-01-01
The Regional Guide for,the South (United States Department of Agriculture 1984b) recognizes that roads and skid trails are the major sources of sediment from forestry-related activities. The overall environmental impact statement for Region 8 (United States Department of Agriculture 1984a) estimates an existing national forest road network of 56,300 km (3 1,000 miles)...
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Biomass statistics for the Northern United States
Eric H. Wharton; Gerhard K. Raile
1984-01-01
The USDA Forest Service now estimates biomass during periodic resource inventories. Such biomass estimates quantify more of the forest resource than do traditional volume inventories that concentrate on tree boles. More than 48 percent of the aboveground tree biomass in the northern United States can be found in woody material outside of the boles. Tree biomass in the...
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R. C. Kellison
1995-01-01
The perception exists that the forest industry in the United States is the antithesis of the green revolution. For instance, I recently saw the results of a poll that listed three forest products companies among the 10 worst polluters in the United States. That's all there was; their names splashed across the T V screen on the early morning news. That very...
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Daolan Zheng; Linda S. Heath; Mark J. Ducey; James E. Smith
2011-01-01
We examined spatial patterns of changes in forest area and nonsoil carbon (C) dynamics affected by land use/cover change (LUC) and harvests in 24 northern states of the United States using an integrated methodology combining remote sensing and ground inventory data between 1992 and 2001. We used the Retrofit Change Product from the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics...
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As part of the 2003 U.S. Report on Sustainable Forests, four metrics of forest fragmentation patch size, edge amount, inter-patch contrast - were measured within 142,602 non overlapping 56.25 km2 analysis units on land-cover maps derived from satellite imagery for the 48 contermi...
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76 FR 45848 - Notice of Application for Withdrawal and Public Meeting; Oregon
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-08-01
... approximately 5,610 acres of National Forest System lands, for a period of 5 years in aid of legislation to... period, the following described National Forest System lands from location and entry under the United... Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The United States Forest Service (USFS) has filed an...
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Forest statistics for Southwest Mississippi counties - 1994
Joanne L. Faulkner; Andrew J. Hartsell; Jack D. London
1995-01-01
Tabulated results were derived from data obtained during a 1994 forest inventory of southwest Mississippi counties (fig. I). These data are considered preliminary. Field work was conducted from February to august 1994. Core tables 1 through 25 are compatible among forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) units in the Eastern United States. Supplemental tables 26 through 44...
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W. Henry McNab; Chad E. Keyser
2011-01-01
The Southern Variant of the Forest Vegetation Simulator utilizes ecological units mapped in 1995 by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, to refine tree growth models for the Southern United States. The 2007 revision of the 1995 map resulted in changes of identification and boundary delineation for some ecoregion units. In this report, we summarize the...
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Chris W. Woodall; Randall S. Morin; Jim R. Steinman; Charles H. Perry
2008-01-01
Oak species are a substantial component of forest ecosystems in a 24-state region spanning the northern U.S. During recent decades, it has been documented that the health of oak forests has been experiencing large-scale decline. To further evaluate the sustainability of oak forests in nearly half the states of the U.S., the current status of oak seedlings and saplings...
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Sean Healey; Gretchen Moisen; Jeff Masek; Warren Cohen; Sam Goward; < i> et al< /i>
2007-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program has partnered with researchers from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the University of Maryland, and other U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service units to identify disturbance patterns across the United States using FIA plot data and time series of Landsat satellite images. Spatially explicit...
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US forest response to projected climate-related stress: a tolerance perspective.
Liénard, Jean; Harrison, John; Strigul, Nikolay
2016-08-01
Although it is widely recognized that climate change will require a major spatial reorganization of forests, our ability to predict exactly how and where forest characteristics and distributions will change has been rather limited. Current efforts to predict future distribution of forested ecosystems as a function of climate include species distribution models (for fine-scale predictions) and potential vegetation climate envelope models (for coarse-grained, large-scale predictions). Here, we develop and apply an intermediate approach wherein we use stand-level tolerances of environmental stressors to understand forest distributions and vulnerabilities to anticipated climate change. In contrast to other existing models, this approach can be applied at a continental scale while maintaining a direct link to ecologically relevant, climate-related stressors. We first demonstrate that shade, drought, and waterlogging tolerances of forest stands are strongly correlated with climate and edaphic conditions in the conterminous United States. This discovery allows the development of a tolerance distribution model (TDM), a novel quantitative tool to assess landscape level impacts of climate change. We then focus on evaluating the implications of the drought TDM. Using an ensemble of 17 climate change models to drive this TDM, we estimate that 18% of US ecosystems are vulnerable to drought-related stress over the coming century. Vulnerable areas include mostly the Midwest United States and Northeast United States, as well as high-elevation areas of the Rocky Mountains. We also infer stress incurred by shifting climate should create an opening for the establishment of forest types not currently seen in the conterminous United States. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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The Southern Forest Futures Project: summary report
David N. Wear; John G. Greis
2012-01-01
The Southern Forest Futures Project provides a science-based âfuturingâ analysis of the forests of the 13 States of the Southeastern United States. With findings organized in a set of scenarios and using a combination of computer models and science synthesis, the authors of the Southern Forest Futures Project examine a variety of possible futures that could shape...
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History and results of the Northern Forest Health Monitoring Program
Charles J. Barnett
2000-01-01
Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) Program was established because of a concern that the forests in the United States were declining. The program was established to monitor the state of and changes in forest conditions across the nation. This report looks at the distributions of trees into various rating categories for three variables collected on the FHM plots from 1991...
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Multi-scale modeling of relationships between forest health and climatic factors
Michael K. Crosby; Zhaofei Fan; Xingang Fan; Martin A. Spetich; Theodor D. Leininger
2015-01-01
Forest health and mortality trends are impacted by changes in climate. These trends can vary by species, plot location, forest type, and/or ecoregion. To assess the variation among these groups, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data were obtained for 10 states in the southeastern United States and combined with downscaled climate data from the Weather Research and...
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Andrew N. Gray; Thomas R. Whittier
2014-01-01
The National Forest System (NFS) of the United States plays an important role in the carbon cycle because these lands make up a large proportion of the forested land in the country and commonly store more wood per unit area than other forest ownerships. In addition to sustaining natural resources, these lands are managed for multiple objectives that do not always align...
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Peter E. Koestner; Karen A. Koestner; Daniel G. Neary
2012-01-01
The Sierra Ancha International Cooperative Program on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests study site or (SAEF-ICP II) is part of an international network of cooperative forest monitoring sites spread throughout Europe and the United States. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe established the ICP II network in 1985 to monitor long...
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Factors influencing sediment plume development from forest roads
Johnny M. Grace
2005-01-01
Southern forests, which rely on intensive management practices, are some of the most productive forests in the United States. Intensive forest management utilizes forest operations, such as site preparation, fertilization, thinning, and harvesting, to increase site productivity and reduce rotation time. These forest operations are essential to meet the ever-...
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Richard A. Birdsey; William H. McWilliams
1986-01-01
The forest inventory and analysis unit of the southern forest experiment stations (Forest Survey) conducts periodic inventories at approximately 10-year intervals of the forest resources of the Midsouth States (fig. 1). This report contains a summary of forest acreage estimates made between 1950 and 1985. The statistics are based on published forest survey reports and...
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Jessica Miesel; P. Goebel; R. Corace; David Hix; Randall Kolka; Brian Palik; David Mladenoff
2012-01-01
Fire-adapted forests of the Lake States region are poorly studied relative to those of the western and southeastern United States and our knowledge base of regional short- and long-term fire effects on soils is limited. We compiled and assessed the body of literature addressing fire effects on soils in Lake States forests to facilitate the re-measurement of previous...
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John S. Kush; Ralph S. Meldahl; Charles K. McMahon; William D. Boyer
2004-01-01
Natural communities dominated by longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) once covered an estimated two thirds of the forested area in the southeastern United States. Today, less than 1.2 million ha remain. However, over the past 10-15 years, public land managers have begun to restore many longleaf pine forests. More recently incentive programs have...
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Forest root diseases across the United States
I. Blakey Lockman; Holly S. J. Kearns
2016-01-01
The increasing importance and impacts of root diseases on the forested ecosystems across the United States are documented in this report. Root diseases have long-term impacts on the ecosystems where they reside due to their persistence onsite. As a group of agents, they are a primary contributor to overall risk of growth loss and mortality of trees in the lower 48...
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Predicting the spread of all invasive forest pests in the United States
Emma J. Hudgins; Andrew M. Liebhold; Brian Leung; Regan Early
2017-01-01
We tested whether a general spread model could capture macroecological patterns across all damaging invasive forest pests in the United States. We showed that a common constant dispersal kernel model, simulated from the discovery date, explained 67.94% of the variation in range size across all pests, and had 68.00% locational accuracy between predicted and observed...
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Christopher W. Woodall
2007-01-01
Why Are Down Woody Materials Important? The down woody materials (DWM) indicator is used to estimate the quantity of deadorganic material (resulting from plant mortality and leaf turnover) in forest ecosystems of the United States. The DWM indicator, coupled with other components of the enhanced Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program, can indicate the...
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Tyron J. Venn; David E. Calkin
2009-01-01
Non-industrial private forests (NIPFs) and public forests in the United States generate many non-market benefits for landholders and society generally. These values can be both enhanced and diminished by wildfire management. This paper considers the challenges of supporting economically efficient allocation of wildfire suppression resources in a social cost-benefit...
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Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States
David J. Nowak; Satoshi Hirabayashi; Allison Bodine; Eric Greenfield
2014-01-01
Trees remove air pollution by the interception of particulate matter on plant surfaces and the absorption of gaseous pollutants through the leaf stomata. However, the magnitude and value of the effects of trees and forests on air quality and human health across the United States remains unknown. Computer simulations with local environmental data reveal that trees and...
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Emily J. Davis; Jesse Abrams; Eric M. White; Cassandra Moseley
2018-01-01
Through contracting and timber sales, the private sector is engaged in management of national forest lands and local community economies in the United States. But there is little recent research about current relationships between these lands and timber purchasers that could better inform future timber and biomass sale and business assistance policies and programs. We...
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Donald S. Ross; James B. Shanley; John L. Campbell; Gregory B. Lawrence; Scott W. Bailey; Gene E. Likens; Beverley C. Wemple; I.F. Creed; F. Courchesne
2012-01-01
Nitrogen export from small forested watersheds is known to be affected by N deposition but with high regional variability. We studied 10 headwater catchments in the northeastern United States across a gradient of N deposition (5.4 − 9.4 kg ha−1Â yr−1) to determine if soil nitrification rates...
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The history and future of methyl bromide alternatives in the southern United States
Tom E. Starkey
2012-01-01
This article gives a brief history of the efforts of the Southern Forest Nursery Management Cooperative (SFNMC) in testing methyl bromide (MBr) alternatives for soil fumigation. In the southeastern United States, fumigation with MBr has been the most commonly used method for producing high quality, pest-free forest seedlings in an environment that is conducive for soil...
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A national assessment of public recreational access on family forestlands in the United States
Stephanie A. Snyder; Brett J. Butler
2012-01-01
Private forestlands in the United States are important for public recreation, but access to them may be threatened. Using the US Forest Service's National Woodland Owner Survey, we examined the following questions: (1) How prevalent is public recreational access on family forestland? (2) What influences whether a family forest owner allows public access? (3) Are...
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A. M. Pidgeon; V. C. Radeloff; C. H. Flather; C. A. Lepczyk; M. K. Clayton; T. J. Hawbaker; R. B. Hammer
2007-01-01
In the United States, housing density has substantially increased in and adjacent to forests. Our goal in this study was to identify how housing density and human populations are associated with avian diversity. We compared these associations to those between landscape pattern and avian diversity, and we examined how these associations vary across the conterminous...
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Effects of silvicultural treatments in the Rocky Mountains
Sallie J. Hejl; Richard L. Hutto; Charles R. Preston; Deborah M. Finch
1995-01-01
Neotropical migrants have been affected by the loss and fragmentation of forests in the eastern United States (Askins et al. 1990). Changes in western forests and the effects of these changes on birds may be different from those in the East. While timber harvesting is widespread in the western United States, the purpose of silvicultural systems on public land is to...
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Chi Zhang; Hanqin Tian; Shufen Pan; Mingliang Liu; Graeme Lockaby; Erik B. Schilling; John Stanturf
2008-01-01
Forest regrowth after cropland abandonment and urban sprawl are two counteracting processes that have influenced carbon (C) sequestration in the southeastern United States in recent decades. In this study, we examined patterns of land-use/landcover change and their effect on ecosystem C storage in three west Georgia counties (Muscogee,...
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Warming and earlier spring increase Western U.S. forest wildfire activity
A.L. Westerling; H.G. Hidalgo; D.R. Cayan; T.W. Swetnam
2006-01-01
Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades, yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific discussion of changes in western United States wildfire has focused instead on...
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Forest resources in the Tennessee valley of north Alabama
James W. Cruikshank
1940-01-01
Forest survey Unit No. 6 in north Alabama embraces 10 counties that lie almost exclusively in the watershed of the Tennessee River (fig. 2). The unit, containing 4,595,900 acres, extends entirely across the northern part of the State, with its southern boundary roughly parallel to, and about 50 miles south of, the Tennessee State line. The Tennessee River, which enters...
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Geospatiotemporal data mining in an early warning system for forest threats in the United States
F.M. Hoffman; R.T. Mills; J. Kumar; S.S. Vulli; W.W. Hargrove
2010-01-01
We investigate the potential of geospatiotemporal data mining of multi-year land surface phenology data (250 m Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in this study) for the conterminous United States as part of an early warning system to identify threats to forest ecosystems. Cluster...
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N. L. Harris; S. C. Hagen; S. S. Saatchi; T. R. H. Pearson; Christopher W. Woodall; Grant M. Domke; B. H. Braswell; Brian F. Walters; S. Brown; W. Salas; A. Fore; Y. Yu
2016-01-01
Background: Locating terrestrial sources and sinks of carbon (C) will be critical to developing strategies that contribute to the climate change mitigation goals of the Paris Agreement. Here we present spatially resolved estimates of net C change across United States (US) forest lands between 2006 and 2010 and attribute them to natural and anthropogenic processes....
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The supply and demand situation for oak timber
Kenneth L. Quigley
1971-01-01
Twenty oak species in the eastern United States account for one-third of the hardwood sawtimber volume and almost 10 percent of both hardwood and softwood growing-stock volume. The oak-hickory and oak-pine forest types occupy about 38 percent of the forest land in the eastern United States. Oak timber volume is increasing. Annual growth exceeds annual removals by about...
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Is the western United States running out of trees?
J. Shaw; J. Long
2014-01-01
During the past 2 decades, the forests of the Interior West of the United States have been impacted by drought, insects, disease, and fire. When considered over periods of 5-10 years, many forest types have experienced periods of negative net growth, meaning that mortality exceeded gross growth at the population scale. While many of these changes have been attributed...
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Forest responses to increasing aridity and warmth in the southwestern United States
P. Williams; C.D. Allen; C.I. Millar; T.W. Swetnam; J. Michaelsen; C.J. Still; S.W. Leavitt
2010-01-01
In recent decades, intense droughts, insect outbreaks, and wildfires have led to decreasing tree growth and increasingmortality in many temperate forests. We compared annual tree-ring width data from 1,097 populations in the coterminous United States to climate data and evaluated site-specific tree responses to climate variations throughout the 20th century. For each...
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Economic Impacts of Non-Native Forest Insects in the Continental United States
Juliann E. Aukema; Brian Leung; Kent Kovacs; Corey Chivers; Jeffrey Englin; Susan J. Frankel; Robert G. Haight; Thomas P. Holmes; Andrew M. Liebhold; Deborah G. McCullough; Betsy Von Holle
2011-01-01
Reliable estimates of the impacts and costs of biological invasions are critical to developing credible management, trade and regulatory policies. Worldwide, forests and urban trees provide important ecosystem services as well as economic and social benefits, but are threatened by non-native insects. More than 450 non-native forest insects are established in the United...
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Forest wildlife habitat statistics for Maine - 1982
Robert T. Brooks; Thomas S. Frieswyk; Arthur Ritter
1986-01-01
A statistical report on the first forest wildlife habitat survey of Maine (1982). Eighty-five tables show estimates of forest area and several attributes of forest land wildlife habitat. Data are presented at two levels: state and geographic sampling unit.
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2012-11-09
... lawsuit entitled United States v. Index Sportsmen, Inc. (aka Index Sportsmen Club), Civil Action No. 12-1949. The United States filed this CERCLA lawsuit on behalf of the United States Forest Service. The...
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Economies of Scale and Forest Management in Mississippi
Andrew James Londo; Donald Leo Grebner
2004-01-01
Mississippi is the leading producer of timber in the south- central region of the United States with a combined 78 billion board feet of hardwood and softwood sawtimber harvested annually. Most of this timber comes from private nonindus-trial forest land, which accounts for 66 percent of the Stateâs 18.6 million acres of forest land. The forest products industry...
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Aaron D. Stottlemyer
2014-01-01
The long-term impacts of even-age forest management and excessive browsing by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on regeneration are unknown for hardwood forests in the eastern United States. In 1965, Gene Wood, a graduate student at Pennsylvania State University, initiated a study in a mixed-oak forest in central Pennsylvania to examine...
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John T. Nowak; James R. Meeker; David R. Coyle; Chris A. Steiner; Cavell Brownie
2015-01-01
Since 2003, the Southern Pine Beetle Prevention Program (SPBPP) (a joint effort of the USDA Forest Service and Southern Group of State Foresters) has encouraged and provided cost-share assistance for silvicultural treatments to reduce stand/forest susceptibility to the southern pine beetle (SPB)(Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) in the southeastern United States....
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Charles H. (Hobie) Perry; Michael C. Amacher
2009-01-01
Productive soils are the foundation of sustainable forests throughout the United States. Forest soils are generally subjected to fewer disturbances than agricultural soils, particularly those that are tilled, so forest soils tend to have better preserved A-horizons than agricultural soils. Another major contrast between forest and agricultural soils is the addition of...
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Forest Certification in the Northeast and Midwest
Eric Hansen; Stephen Bratkovich
Forest certification, often referred to as green certification, is a controversial topic in the United States. However, certification is an expanding program in the 20 Northeastern and Midwestern states. It is an important issue for forest managers, woodland owners and the wood-using industry to follow. This article provides a brief overview, as well as discusses...
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U.S. Forest Products Annual Market Review and Prospects, 2011-2015
James L. Howard; David B. McKeever
2015-01-01
This paper describes the current state of the United States economy and provides general and statistical information on forest products markets in terms of production, trade, consumption, and prices. Market developments are described for sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, softwood log trade, wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, forest product prices, and...
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Daolan Zheng; Linda S. Heath; Mark J. Ducey; James E. Smith
2009-01-01
Maine (ME), New Hampshire (NH), and Vermont (VT) are three of the four most heavily forested states in the United States. In these states, we examined how land-use change, at the Anderson Level I classification, affected regional forest carbon using the 30-m Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium 1992/2001 Retrofit Land Cover Change product coupled with...
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Forest resources of South Carolina's national forests, 2001
Sonja N. Oswalt
2005-01-01
This bulletin describes forest resources of the Francis Marion and Sumter National Forests in the State of South Carolina. It is based on sampling from the eighth forest inventory conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit. Findings suggest that South Carolinaâs national...
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The private forest landowners of Michigan.
Eugene M. Carpenter; Mark H. Hansen
1985-01-01
Estimates the number and distribution of nonindustrial private forest landowners in Michigan by size class and owner attitudes and objectives concerning forest ownership, management, and use. Provides 57 tables relating to owner and property characteristics for the state and its Forest Survey Units.
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James Sullivan
2007-01-01
Two Countries, One Forest (2C1Forest) is a collaboration of conservation organizations and researchers committed to the long-term ecological health of the Northern Appalachian/ Acadian ecoregion of the United States and Canada.
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The US Forest Service Insect Unit in East Lansing, MI, turns 50
Robert A. Haack
2006-01-01
There has been a USDA Forest Service Insect Unit located on the Michigan State University (MSU) campus in East Lansing, MI, since March 1956. Over the years, MSU has provided strong support for the Insect Unit, including both office and laboratory space through the Departments of Entomology and Forestry. The Unit's scientists have usually served as adjunct faculty...
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The status of forest management research in the United States.
Donald G. Hodges; Pamela J. Jakes; Frederick W. Cubbage
1988-01-01
In 1985, the USDA Forest Service invested nearly $30 million in forest management research, forest industry invested $19 million, and universities invested at least $17 million. Investments in this research have been declining since then. Forest Service data indicate that the public sector is the largest beneficiary of forest management research.
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Nonnative invasive plants of southern forests: a field guide for identification and control
James H. Miller
2003-01-01
Invasions of nonnative plants into forests of the Southern United States continue to go unchecked and unmonitored. Invasive nonnative plants infest under and beside forest canopies and dominate small forest openings, increasingly eroding forest productivity, hindering forest use and management activities, and degrading diversity and wildlife habitat. Often called...
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The status of North Carolina's national forests, 2002
Sonja N. Oswalt; Tony G. Johnson
2007-01-01
This bulletin describes forest resources of the Pisgah/Cherokee, Nantahala, Croatan, and Uwharrie National Forests in the State of North Carolina. It is based on sampling conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit. This bulletin addresses forest area estimates; timber...
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Ozone bioindicator sampling and estimation
Gretchen C, Smith; William D. Smith; John W. Coulston
2007-01-01
Ozone is an important forest stressor that has been measured at known phytotoxic levels at forest locations across the United States. The percent forest exhibiting negative impacts from ozone air pollution is one of the Montreal Process indicators of forest health and vitality. The ozone bioindicator data of the U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program...
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Goring, Simon; Mladenoff, David J.; Cogbill, Charles; Record, Sydne; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Dietze, Michael C.; Dawson, Andria; Matthes, Jaclyn; McLachlan, Jason S.; Williams, John W.
2016-01-01
EuroAmerican land-use and its legacies have transformed forest structure and composition across the United States (US). More accurate reconstructions of historical states are critical to understanding the processes governing past, current, and future forest dynamics. Here we present new gridded (8x8km) reconstructions of pre-settlement (1800s) forest composition and structure from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michigan), using 19th Century Public Land Survey System (PLSS), with estimates of relative composition, above-ground biomass, stem density, and basal area for 28 tree types. This mapping is more robust than past efforts, using spatially varying correction factors to accommodate sampling design, azimuthal censoring, and biases in tree selection.
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John A. Stanturf; Robert Rummer; M. Wimberly; Timothy G. Rials; Philip. A. Araman; Rodney Busby; James Granskog; Leslie Groom
2003-01-01
Prescribed fire is used routinely in the southern United States to reduce fuel loading and decrease the risk of catastrophic wildfires, improve forest health, and manage threatened and endangered species. With rapid human population growth, southern forests have become fragmented by an extensive road network and intertwined with urban uses in a wildland-urban interface...
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The geography of private forests that support at-risk species in the conterminous United States
Marcos D. Robles; Curtis H. Flather; Mark D. Nelson; Andrew Cutko
2008-01-01
In this study, we present a coarse-scale, first approximation of the geographic areas where privately owned forests support at-risk species in the conterminous United States. At-risk species are defined as those species listed under the US Endangered Species Act or with a global conservation status rank of critically imperiled, imperiled, or vulnerable. Our results...
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Patterns of Forest invertebrates Along an Acidic Deposition Gradient in the Midwestern United States
Robert A. Haack
1996-01-01
The Ohio Corridor Study (OCS) was designed to detect possible effects of acidic deposition on oak-hickory (Quercus-Carya) forests in the midwestem United States. There was one study site in Arkansas, and two each in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. Estimates of total sulfate deposition have generally increased about two-fold from west (Arkansas) to east (Ohio) during the...
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Sevda Alanya-Rosenbaum; Richard D. Bergman; Indroneil Ganguly; Francesca Pierobon
2018-01-01
Timber harvest activities in the western United States have resulted in large volumes of low- to no-value logging (forest) residues. Alternatives to pile-and-burning are needed to best utilize this material and to mitigate the resultant environmental impacts. Briquetting (densifying) forest residues near-woods is one such option and is the focus of this study. This...
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Jie Zhu; Ge Sun; Wenhong Li; Yu Zhang; Guofang Miao; Asko Noormets; Steve G. McNulty; John S. King; Mukesh Kumar; Xuan Wang
2017-01-01
The southeastern United States hosts extensive forested wetlands, providing ecosystem services including carbon sequestration, water quality improvement, ground- water recharge, and wildlife habitat. However, these wet- land ecosystems are dependent on local climate and hydrol- ogy, and are therefore at risk due to climate and land use change. This study develops site-...
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Adam Duarte; Donald J. Brown; Michael R. J. Forstner
2017-01-01
High-severity forest fires are increasing in large areas of the southern and western United States as the climate becomes warmer and drier. Natural resource managers need a better understanding of the short- and long-term effects of wildfires on lizard populations, but there is a paucity of studies focused on lizard-wildfire relationships. We used a before-after,...
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Frank H. Koch; Denys Yemshanov; Manuel Colunga-Garcia; Roger D. Magarey; William D. Smith
2011-01-01
International trade is widely acknowledged as a conduit for movement of invasive species, but few studies have directly quantified the invasion risk confronting individual locations of interest. This study presents estimates of the likelihood of successful entry for alien forest insect species at more than 3,000 urban areas in the contiguous United States (US). To...
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36 CFR 251.18 - Rights-of-way reserved by the grantor on lands conveyed to the United States.
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR
2010-07-01
... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Rights-of-way reserved by the... FOREST SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAND USES Miscellaneous Land Uses Rights of Grantors § 251.18 Rights-of-way reserved by the grantor on lands conveyed to the United States. This section governs the...
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Historical overview of nontimber forest product uses in the Northeastern United States
Marla R. Emery
2002-01-01
Nontimber forest product (NTFP) uses in the United States are neither new nor merely quaint relics of some distant cultural and economic past. As the other chapters in this book make clear, there is a plethora of NTFPs in use at the beginning of the twenty-first century. They contribute to the livelihoods of individuals from diverse ethnic backgrounds in a variety of...
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Steven G. McNulty; Jennifer A. Moore; Louis Iverson; Anantha Prasad; Robert Abt; Bryan Smith; Ge Sun; Michael Gavazzi; John Bartlett; Brian Murray; Robert A. Mickler; John D. Aber
2000-01-01
The southern United States produces over 50% of commercial timber harvests in the US and the demand for southern timber are likely to increase in the future. Global change is altering the physical and chemical environmental which will play a major role in determining future forest stand growth, insect and disease outbreaks, regeneration success, and distribution of...
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Steven G. McNulty; Jennifer A. Moore; Louis Iverson; Anantha Prasad; Robert, et al. Abt
2000-01-01
The southern United States produces over 50% of commercial timber harvests in the US and the demand for southern timber are likely to increase in the future. Global change is altering the physical and chemical environmental which will play a major role in determining future forest stand growth, insect and disease outbreaks, regeneration success, and distribution of...
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Jaana Korhonen; Anne Toppinen; Jari Kuuluvainen; Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Frederick Cubbage
2017-01-01
On the basis of data from 2000 to 2010, we investigated the separate effects of the uptake of forest certification and the usage of recycled paper on imports of paper and paperboard into Germany and the United States. Using panel data methods and based on a conventional Armington trade model, we find that the effects of two main forest...
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Harvesting choices and timber supply among landowners in the southern United States
Daowei Zhang; Xing Sun; Brett J. Butler; Jeffrey P. Prestemon
2015-01-01
The recent rise of institutional timberland ownership has led to a significant change in the structure and conduct of the timber industry in the United States. In this study,we apply a two-period harvest model to assess the timber harvesting behavior of various landowners at the stand level by utilizing USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data for nine...
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Quantifying the role of urban forests in removing atmospheric carbon dioxide
Rowan A. Rowntree; David J. Nowak
1991-01-01
Urban land in the United States currently occupies about 69 million acres with an estimated average crown cover of 28% and an estimated tree biomass of about 27 tons/acre. This structure suggests that the current total urban forest carbon storage in the United States is approximately 800 million tons with an estimated annual net carbon storage of around 6.5 million...
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Michael Ulyshen; Thomas Pucci; James Hanula
2011-01-01
Although the forests of the southeastern United States are among the most productive and diverse in North America, information needed to develop conservation guidelines for the saproxylic (i.e., dependent on dead wood) fauna endemic to the region is lacking. Particularly little is known about the habitat associations and requirements of saproxylic parasitoids even...
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Smoke modeling in support of management of forest landscapes in the eastern United States
Gary L. Achtemeier
2009-01-01
The impact of smoke from forest burning on air quality is a threat to the use of prescribed fire to manage woodlands in the eastern United States. Population shifts from urban centers to the wildland/urban interface have increased human exposures to smoke. Tighter national ambient air quality standards restrict the amount of smoke released over an area. This article...
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Theresa B. Jain; Mike A. Battaglia; Han-Sup Han; Russell T. Graham; Christopher R. Keyes; Jeremy S. Fried; Jonathan E. Sandquist
2014-01-01
Fire has had a profound historical role in shaping dry mixed conifer forests in the western United States. However, the uncertainty and complexity of prescribed fires raises the question âIs fire always the best option for treating fuels?â The decision to use prescribed fire is dependent upon several factors.
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Susan J. Prichard; Eva C. Karau; Roger D. Ottmar; Maureen C. Kennedy; James B. Cronan; Clinton S. Wright; Robert E. Keane
2014-01-01
Reliable predictions of fuel consumption are critical in the eastern United States (US), where prescribed burning is frequently applied to forests and air quality is of increasing concern. CONSUME and the First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM), predictive models developed to estimate fuel consumption and emissions from wildland fires, have not been systematically...
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Land grants of New Mexico and the United States Forest Service
Carol Raish; Alice M. McSweeney
2011-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service (FS) has a long, shared history with the Spanish and Mexican land grants of northern New Mexico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the war between the United States and Mexico, was supposed to recognize and respect the property rights of the resident Hispano population. In many cases the intent of the Treaty was not honored. During...
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Patrick H. Brose
2014-01-01
In the past 40 years, the perception of periodic fire in upland oak (Quercus spp.) forests in the eastern United States has changed dramatically. Once thought of as a wholly destructive force, periodic fire is now considered an important disturbance whose absence is a major contributing factor to oak regeneration problems. This change in attitude and...
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Woody residues and solid waste wood available for recovery in the United States, 2002
David B. McKeever; Robert H. Falk
2004-01-01
Large amounts of woody residues and solid wood waste are generated annually in the United States from the extraction of timber from forests, from forestry cultural operations, in the conversion of forest land to nonforest uses, in the initial processing of roundwood timber into usable products, in the construction and demolition of buildings and structures, and in the...
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Inventories of woody residues and solid wood waste in the United States, 2002
David B. McKeever
2004-01-01
Large amounts of woody residues and wood waste are generated annually in the United States. In 2002, an estimated 240 million metric tons was generated during the extraction of timber from the Nationâs forests, from forestry cultural operations, in the conversion of forest land to nonforest uses, in the initial processing of roundwood timber into usable products, in...
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Variable Selection Strategies for Small-area Estimation Using FIA Plots and Remotely Sensed Data
Andrew Lister; Rachel Riemann; James Westfall; Mike Hoppus
2005-01-01
The USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit maintains a network of tens of thousands of georeferenced forest inventory plots distributed across the United States. Data collected on these plots include direct measurements of tree diameter and height and other variables. We present a technique by which FIA plot data and coregistered...
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Managed forest carbon estimates for the US greenhouse gas inventory, 1990-2008
Linda S. Heath; James E. Smith; Kenneth E. Skog; David J. Nowak; Christopher W. Woodall
2011-01-01
Land-use change and forestry is the major category featuring carbon sequestration in the annual US Greenhouse Gas Inventory, required by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. We describe the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory and present the sources of our data and methods and the most recent results. Forests and forest products in the United States...
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Forest statistics for Southeast Louisiana Parishes
James F. Rosson; Daniel F. Bertelson
1986-01-01
The Southern Forest Survey, an activity of the Southern Forest Experiment Station Forest Inventory and Analysis work unit (FIA), covers the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas and the island of Puerto Rico.This survey is part of the nationwide Forest Survey originally authorized by the McSweeney-...
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Ronald E. McRoberts; William H. McWilliams; Gregory A. Reams; Thomas L. Schmidt; Jennifer C. Jenkins; Katherine P. O' Neill; Patrick D. Miles; Gary J. Brand
2004-01-01
Forest sustainability has emerged as a crucial component of all current issues related to forest management. The seven Montreal Process Criteria are well accepted as categories of processes for evaluating forest management with respect to sustainability, and data collected.
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78 FR 62957 - National Forest Products Week, 2013
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2013-10-23
... National Forest Products Week, 2013 By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation Our.... During National Forest Products Week, we celebrate the sustainable uses of America's forests and the... forests will be vital to our progress in the years ahead. This week, we recommit to collaborating across...
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Forest Sustainability in the Northern United States
Sherri Wormstead
2006-01-01
Are populations of songbirds declining? Are we harvesting more timber than we grow? How healthy and productive are our forests? What will happen to our forests if current rates of development continue? How will forest fragmentation and loss impact water and air quality, recreation, and our country?s forest related economy?
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Southern Foresters' Perceptions of Climate Change: Implications for Educational Program Development
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Boby, Leslie; Hubbard, William; Megalos, Mark; Morris, Hilary L. C.
2016-01-01
An understanding of foresters' perceptions of climate change is important for developing effective educational programs on adaptive forest management. We surveyed 1,398 foresters in the southern United States regarding their perceptions of climate change, observations and concerns about climatic and forest conditions, and knowledge of and interest…
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Tracking our Nation's vital forest resources
Southern Research Station USDA Forest Service
2007-01-01
Since the 1930s, the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service has been tracking forest extent, health, vitality, and contributions to the national and global timber supply. Our field, office, and administrative staff are dedicated to helping foresters, wildlife biologists, universities, non-governmental...
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Timber type separability in Southeastern United States on LANDSAT-1 MSS data
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Kan, E. P.; Dillman, R. D.
1975-01-01
A quantitative, computer-aided study was made on the spectral separability of timber types and condition classes in the Southeastern United States, using LANDSAT-1 multispectral scanner data. It was concluded that LANDSAT-1 could be used effectively to discriminate the gross forest features of softwood, hardwood, and regeneration. The only significant detectable age difference would be between an established forest versus a young (or denuded) forest. The red or near infrared bands would be better for discrimination; phenological early and late spring data would be better than winter. And a temporal analysis would be superior to single-season analysis. Lastly, two spectral bands would be most cost effective for computer analysis. The study site was Sam Houston National Forest of East Texas, a typical forest in the Flatwoods Zone, Southern Region, U. S. Forest Service.
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Hans-Erik Andersen; Chad Babcock; Robert Pattison; Bruce Cook; Doug Morton; Andrew Finley
2015-01-01
Interior Alaska (approx. 112 million forested acres in size) is the last remaining forested area within the United States where the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program is not currently implemented. A joint NASA-FIA inventory pilot project was carried out in 2014 to increase familiarity with interior Alaska logistics and evaluate the utility of state-of-the-art...
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Phytophthora ramorum early detection surveys for forests in the United States, 2003-2006
S.W. Oak; A.H. Elledge; E.K. Yockey; W.D. Smith; B.M. Tkacz
2008-01-01
Risk-based early detection surveys in U.S. forests were conducted between 2003 and 2006 using 100 m vegetation transects. Thirty-nine states surveyed 3,570 locations in states with endemic Phytophthora ramorum; states where the pathogen had been confirmed only in woody ornamental nurseries; and states that had received potentially infected stock but...
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Loius R. Iverson; Anantha M. G. Prasad; Charles T. Scott
1996-01-01
The USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) and the Natural Resource Conservation Service's State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) data bases provide valuable natural resource data that can be analyzed at the national scale. When coupled with other data (e.g., climate), these data bases can provide insights into factors associated with current and...
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Kenneth W. Stolte
2001-01-01
The Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) and Forest Inventory and Analyses (FIA) programs are integrated bilogical monitoring systems that use nationally standardized methods to evaluate and report on the health and sustainability of forest ecosystems in the United States. Many of the anticipated changes in forest ecosystems from climate change were also issues addressed in...
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Carbon changes in conterminous US forests associated with growth and major disturbances: 1992-2001
Daolan Zheng; Linda S. Heath; Mark J. Ducey; James E. Smith
2011-01-01
We estimated forest area and carbon changes in the conterminous United States using a remote sensing based land cover change map, forest fire data from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity program, and forest growth and harvest data from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis Program. Natural and human-associated disturbances reduced the forest...
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Varied ecosystems need different fire protection
Gutsell, Sheri L.; Johnson, Edward A.; Miyanishi, Kiyoko; Keeley, Jon E.; Dickinson, Matthew; Bridge, Simon R. J.
2001-01-01
Covington states in his Commentary1 that the open ponderosa pine forests of the western United States are "in widespread collapse" because fire suppression by humans has eliminated the low-intensity surface fire regime that maintained the open, park-like structure of these forests. He fears this will lead to an "unprecedented" crown fire regime that will eliminate forests.
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Long-term demographic trends in a fire-suppressed mixed-conifer forest
Carrie R. Levine; Flora Krivak-Tetley; Natalie S. van Doorn; Jolie-Anne S. Ansley; John J. Battles
2016-01-01
In the western United States, forests are experiencing novel environmental conditions related to a changing climate and a suppression of the historical fire regime. Mixed-conifer forests, considered resilient to disturbance due to their heterogeneity in structure and composition, appear to be shifting to a more homogeneous state, but the timescale of these shifts is...
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U.S. forest products annual market review and prospects, 2001-2004
James L. Howard
2004-01-01
This report provides general and statistical information on forests products markets in terms of production, trade, consumption, and prices. The state of the United States economy is described as of the second quarter of 2003. Market developments are described for timber products, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, and forest products prices. Policy initiatives that...
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U.S. forest products annual market review and prospects, 2001–2005.
James L. Howard
2005-01-01
This report provides general and statistical information on forest products markets in terms of production, trade, consumption, and prices. The current state of the United States economy is described. Market developments are described for sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, softwood log trade, wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, and forest products prices....
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Future forests of the northern United States
Stephen R. Shifley; W. Keith Moser
2016-01-01
The U.S. North - the 20 states bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota - have a greater forest cover (42 percent of land area) and population density (194 people per square mile) than other large regions of the nation. Ecological, social, and economic changes anticipated over the next 50 years will profoundly affect future forest management needs and...
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U.S. Forest products annual market review and prospects, 1999–2002
James L. Howard
2001-01-01
This report provides general and statistical information on forests products markets in terms of production, trade, consumption, and prices. The current state of the United States economy is described. Market developments are described for sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, softwood log trade, wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, and forest product prices....
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U.S. Forest products annual market review and prospects, 2000-2003
James L. Howard
2002-01-01
This report provides general and statistical information on forests products markets in terms of production, trade, con-sumption, and prices. The current state of the United States economy is described. Market developments are described for sawn softwood, sawn hardwood, softwood log trade, wood-based panels, paper and paperboard, fuelwood, and forest product prices....
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Carbon stocks of trees killed by bark beetles and wildfire in the western United States
Hicke, Jeffrey A.; Meddens, Arjan J.H.; Allen, Craig D.; Kolden, Crystal A.
2013-01-01
Forests are major components of the carbon cycle, and disturbances are important influences of forest carbon. Our objective was to contribute to the understanding of forest carbon cycling by quantifying the amount of carbon in trees killed by two disturbance types, fires and bark beetles, in the western United States in recent decades. We combined existing spatial data sets of forest biomass, burn severity, and beetle-caused tree mortality to estimate the amount of aboveground and belowground carbon in killed trees across the region. We found that during 1984-2010, fires killed trees that contained 5-11 Tg C year-1 and during 1997-2010, beetles killed trees that contained 2-24 Tg C year-1, with more trees killed since 2000 than in earlier periods. Over their periods of record, amounts of carbon in trees killed by fires and by beetle outbreaks were similar, and together these disturbances killed trees representing 9% of the total tree carbon in western forests, a similar amount to harvesting. Fires killed more trees in lower-elevation forest types such as Douglas-fir than higher-elevation forest types, whereas bark beetle outbreaks also killed trees in higher-elevation forest types such as lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. Over 15% of the carbon in lodgepole pine and spruce/fir forest types was in trees killed by beetle outbreaks; other forest types had 5-10% of the carbon in killed trees. Our results document the importance of these natural disturbances in the carbon budget of the western United States.
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Osland, Michael J.; Day, Richard H.; Doyle, Thomas W.; Enwright, Nicholas
2013-01-01
We live in an era of unprecedented ecological change in which ecologists and natural resource managers are increasingly challenged to anticipate and prepare for the ecological effects of future global change. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of winter climate change upon salt marsh and mangrove forest foundation species in the southeastern United States. Our research addresses the following three questions: (1) What is the relationship between winter climate and the presence and abundance of mangrove forests relative to salt marshes; (2) How vulnerable are salt marshes to winter climate change-induced mangrove forest range expansion; and (3) What is the potential future distribution and relative abundance of mangrove forests under alternative winter climate change scenarios? We developed simple winter climate-based models to predict mangrove forest distribution and relative abundance using observed winter temperature data (1970–2000) and mangrove forest and salt marsh habitat data. Our results identify winter climate thresholds for salt marsh–mangrove forest interactions and highlight coastal areas in the southeastern United States (e.g., Texas, Louisiana, and parts of Florida) where relatively small changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme winter events could cause relatively dramatic landscape-scale ecosystem structural and functional change in the form of poleward mangrove forest migration and salt marsh displacement. The ecological implications of these marsh-to-mangrove forest conversions are poorly understood, but would likely include changes for associated fish and wildlife populations and for the supply of some ecosystem goods and services.
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El Yunque National Forest Atlas
Maya Quiñones; Isabel K. Parés-Ramos; William A. Gould; Grizelle Gonzalez; Kathleen McGinley; Pedro Ríos
2018-01-01
El Yunque National Forest Atlas is a collaborative effort by the International Institute of Tropical Forestry and El Yunque National Forest to provide upto-date maps and analyses of spatial information of an important natural reserve in Puerto Rico and the only tropical forest in the National Forest System of the United States. El Yunque National Forest Atlas serves as...
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History of the Penobscot Experimental Forest, 1950-2010
Laura S. Kenefic; John C. Brissette
2014-01-01
Though the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service has been studying the forests of the northeastern United States since the late 1800s, long-term studies were not common until experimental forests were introduced in the 20th century. These forests were established for long-term experimentation, and research questions were defined by local forest management...
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The Eastern Non-industrial Private Forests
Gerard D. Hertel
The USDA Forest Service ?cares for the land and serves the people? under the framework of the Natural Resources Agenda (Watershed Health and Restoration; Sustainable Forest Ecosystems; Recreation; and Forest Roads). The National Forests comprise only 19 percent of the forestland (land that is at least 10% covered with trees) in the United States. The Forest Service has...
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The South's forestland - on the hot seat to provide more
Raymond M. Sheffield; James G. Dickson
1998-01-01
Forests of the Southern United States range from tropical/subtropical forests on the southern extremities of the region, oak savanna forests on the western fringe, to central hardwood forests, and high elevation boreal forests in the north. Upland and bottomland hardwood, southern pine, and mixed pine-hardwood forests are found on the more moderate sites between these...
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William H. McWilliams; Stanford L. Arner; Charles J. Barnett
1997-01-01
The USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program and the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) program maintain networks of sample locations providing coarse-scale information that characterize general indicators of forest health. Tree mortality is the primary FIA variable for analyzing forest health. Recent FIA inventories of New York, Pennsylvania...
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Fire in eastern oak forests: delivering science to land managers
Matthew B., ed. Dickinson
2006-01-01
Contains 20 papers and 36 poster abstracts presented at a conference on fire in oak forests of the Eastern United States that was held at the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, on November 15-17, 2005.
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David L. Peterson; Jeremy S. Littell
2012-01-01
Wildfire is one of the two most significant disturbance agents (the other being insects) in forest ecosystems of the Western United States, and in a warmer climate, will drive changes in forest composition, structure, and function (Dale et al. 2001, McKenzie et al. 2004). Although wildfire is highly stochastic in space and time, sufficient data exist to establish clear...
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Max W. McFadden; Michael E. McManus
1991-01-01
The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L., was introduced from Europe into North America near Boston, Massachusetts, in 1869, and is now well established as a serious defoliator of forest, shade, and fruit trees over much of the eastern United States. Despite substantial efforts to eradicate, contain, or control this pest, the gypsy moth has persisted...
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Kavita Sardana; John C. Bergstrom; J. M. Bowker
2016-01-01
In this study we estimate selected visitorsâ demand and value for recreational trips to settings such as developed vs. undeveloped sites in U.S. national forests in the Southern United States using the travel cost method. The setting-based approach allows for valuation of multi-activity trips to particular settings. The results from an adjusted Poisson lognormal...
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John L. Campbell; James W. Hornbeck; Myron J. Mitchell; Mary Beth Adams; Mark S. Castro; Charles T. Driscoll; Jeffrey S. Kahl; James N. Kochenderfer; Gene E. Likens; James A. Lynch; Peter S. Murdoch; Sarah J. Nelson; James B. Shanley
2004-01-01
Input-output budgets for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) are summarized for 24 small watersheds at 15 locations in the northeastern United States. The study watersheds are completely forested, free of recent physical disturbances, and span a geographical region bounded by West Virginia on the south and west, and Maine on the north and east. Total N budgets are not...
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Forest-fire model with natural fire resistance.
Yoder, Mark R; Turcotte, Donald L; Rundle, John B
2011-04-01
Observations suggest that contemporary wildfire suppression practices in the United States have contributed to conditions that facilitate large, destructive fires. We introduce a forest-fire model with natural fire resistance that supports this theory. Fire resistance is defined with respect to the size and shape of clusters; the model yields power-law frequency-size distributions of model fires that are consistent with field observations in the United States, Canada, and Australia.
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Dennis R. Becker; Mark Nechodom; Adam Barnett; Tad Mason; Eini C. Lowell; John Shelly; Dean Graham
2008-01-01
As forest biomass utilization becomes cost effective to harvest, more areas at risk of catastrophic wildfire can be thinned of dense brush and small-diameter trees. In an effort to increase biomass utilization, the USDA Forest Service granted more than $36 million in National Fire Plan-Economic Action Program funds in the Western United States during fiscal years 2001...
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Robert E. Keane; Matthew Rollins; Zhi-Liang Zhu
2007-01-01
Canopy and surface fuels in many fire-prone forests of the United States have increased over the last 70 years as a result of modern fire exclusion policies, grazing, and other land management activities. The Healthy Forest Restoration Act and National Fire Plan establish a national commitment to reduce fire hazard and restore fire-adapted ecosystems across the USA....
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Victor A. Rudis
1991-01-01
More than 400 publications are listed for the period 1979 to 1990; these focus on water, range, wildlife habitat, recreation, and related studies derived from U.S. Department of Agriculture, forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis unit surveys conducted on private and public land in the continental United States. Included is an overview of problems and progress...
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Deborah S. Page-Dumroese; Martin Jurgensen; Thomas Terry
2010-01-01
Forest biomass thinnings, to promote forest health or for energy production, can potentially impact the soil resource by altering soil physical, chemical, and/or biological properties. The extent and degree of impacts within a harvest unit or across a watershed will subsequently determine if site or soil productivity is affected. Although the impacts of stand removal...
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The Forest Vegetation Simulator: A review of its structure, content, and applications
Nicholas L. Crookston; Gary E. Dixon
2005-01-01
The Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) is a distance-independent, individual-tree forest growth model widely used in the United States to support management decisionmaking. Stands are the basic projection unit, but the spatial scope can be many thousands of stands. The temporal scope is several hundred years at a resolution of 5Â10 years. Projections start with a...
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James E. Smith; Linda S. Heath; Coeli M. Hoover
2013-01-01
Most nations have ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and are mandated to report National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, including the land use, land use change and forestry sector when it is significant. Participating countries commonly use data from national forest inventories as a basis for their forest-related emissions estimates. The...
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Tara L. Keyser; Chad E. Keyser
2013-01-01
In April 2008, the Upland Hardwoods Ecology and Management Research Work Unit of the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station began a long-term cooperative study to describe forest ecosystem response to three oak (Quercus spp.) shelterwood regeneration treatments in the central hardwoods region of the United States. Pretreatment inventory data...
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Forest Resources of the United States, 2002
W. Brad Smith; Patrick D. Miles; John S. Vissage; Scott A. Pugh
2004-01-01
Forest resource growth, harvests, and land use conversion can change inventories within States, among regions, and even among countries, and can significantly influence the future performance of resources. This could affect the State, regional, and national economies that depend on the affected resources, as well as the resource environments. Periodic surveys provide...
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Forest resources of the United States, 1992
Douglas S. Powell; Joanne L. Faulkner; David R. Darr; Zhiliang Zhu; Douglas W. MacCleery
1993-01-01
The 1987 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment forest resources statistics are updated to 1992, to provide current information on the Nation's forests. Resource tables present estimates of forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output. Resource data are analyzed, and trends since 1987 are noted. A forest type map produced from...
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Valerie Rapp
2004-01-01
The Maybeso Experimental Forest is in southeast Alaska within the Tongass National Forest, the largest national forest in the United States and home to the Northern Hemi-sphere's largest temperate rain forest. Located about 42 miles west of Ketchikan, Alaska, it is on Prince of Wales Island, the largest island of the Alexander Archipelago and the third largest...
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Forest statistics for Louisiana Parishes
Dennis M. May; Daniel F. Bertelson
1986-01-01
The southern Forest survey, an activity of the Southern Forest Experiment Station Forest Inventory and Analysis work unit, covers the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, East Texas and the Island of Puerto Rico. This survey is part of the nationwide Forest Survey originally authorized by the McSweeney-McNary Act of 1928. More...
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Comparing five modelling techniques for predicting forest characteristics
Gretchen G. Moisen; Tracey S. Frescino
2002-01-01
Broad-scale maps of forest characteristics are needed throughout the United States for a wide variety of forest land management applications. Inexpensive maps can be produced by modelling forest class and structure variables collected in nationwide forest inventories as functions of satellite-based information. But little work has been directed at comparing modelling...
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Richard H. Widmann; Dan Balser; Charles Barnett; Brett J. Butler; Douglas M. Griffith; Tonya W. Lister; W. Keith Moser; Charles H. Perry; Rachel Riemann; Christopher W. Woodall
2009-01-01
This report summarizes annual forest inventories conducted in Ohio from 2001 to 2006 by the Northern Research Station's Forest Inventory and Analysis unit. Ohio's forest land covers 7.9 million acres or 30 percent of the State's land area, changing little in forest land area since 1991. Of this land, 5.8 million acres (73 percent) are held by family...
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Temporal change in fragmentation of continental US forests
James D. Wickham; Kurt H. Riitters; Timothy G. Wade; Collin Homer
2008-01-01
Changes in forest ecosystem function and condition arise from changes in forest fragmentation. Previous studies estimated forest fragmentation for the continental United States (US). In this study, new temporal land-cover data from the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) were used to estimate changes in forest fragmentation at multiple scales for the continental US....
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Public and private forest ownership in the conterminous United States. Chapter 6.
Greg C. Liknes; Mark D. Nelson; Brett J. Butler
2010-01-01
Forests and the goods and services they provide are influenced by both the biophysical and human environments. To fully understand forest ecosystems, we need to understand the social context in which forests exist because landowners determine land use and management practice. To influence decisions related to the forests, we need to...
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Echohydrological implications of drought for forests in the United States
James M. Vose; Chelcy Ford Miniat; Charles H. Luce; Heidi Asbjornsen; Peter V. Caldwell; John L. Campbell; Gordon E. Grant; Daniel J. Isaak; Steven P. Loheide; Ge Sun
2016-01-01
The relationships among drought, surface water flow, and groundwater recharge are not straightforward for most forest ecosystems due to the strong role that vegetation plays in the forest water balance. Hydrologic responses to drought can be either mitigated or exacerbated by forest vegetation depending upon vegetation water use and how forest population dynamics...
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Forest statistics for Arkansas' Ozark counties - 1995
James F. Rosson; Jack D. London
1997-01-01
Periodic surveys of forest resources are authorized by the Forest Service and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978. These surveys are a continuing, nationwide undertaking by the Regional Experiment Stations of the USDA Forest Service. In the Southern United States, these surveys are conducted by the two Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Research Work...
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Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-12-05
... of National Forest System land in the Shoshone National Forest from mining in order to protect the... of National Forest System land in the Shoshone National Forest from location and entry under the... of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The United States Forest Service (USFS) has...
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Can forest watershed management mitigate climate change effects on water resources
James M. Vose; Chelcy R. Ford; Stephanie Laseter; Salli Dymond; Ge Sun; Mary Beth Adams; Stephen Sebestyen; John Campbell; Charlie Luce; Devendra Amatya; Kelly Elder; Tamara Heartsill Scalley
2012-01-01
Long-term hydrology and climate data from United States Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges (EFR) provide critical information on the interactions among climate, streamflow, and forest management practices. We examined the relationships among streamflow responses to climate variation and forest management using long-term data. Analysis of climate data from a...
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Can forest watershed management mitigate climate change impacts on water resources?
James M. Vose; Chelcy R. Ford; Stephanie Laseter; Salli Dymond; GE Sun; Mary Beth Adams; Stephen Sebestyen; John Campbell; Charles Luce; Devendra Amatya; Kelly Elder; Tamara. Heartsill-Scalley
2012-01-01
Long-term hydrology and climate data from United States Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges (EFR) provide critical information on the interactions among climate, streamflow, and forest management practices. We examined the relationships among streamflow responses to climate variation and forest management using long-term data. Analysis of climate data from a...
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Regional Forest Fragmentation and the Nesting Success of Migratory Birds
Scott K. Robinson; Frank R. Thompson III; Therese M. Donovan; Donald R. Whitehead; John Faaborg
1995-01-01
Forest fragmentation, the disruption in the continuity of forest habitat, is hypothesized to be a major cause of population decline for, some species of forest birds because fragmentation reduces nesting (reproductive) success. Nest predation and parasitism by cowbirds increased with forest fragmentation in nine midwestern (United States)landscapes that varied from 6...
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A new Link for Geographic analyses of Inventory Data
David Reed; Kurt Pregitzer; Scott A. Pugh; Patrick D. Miles
2001-01-01
The USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA)data are widely used throughout the United States for analyses of forest status and trends, landscape-level forest composition, and other forest characteristics. A new software product, FIAMODEL, is available for analyzing FIA data within the ArcView? (ESRI, Inc.)geographic information system. The software...
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Forest statistics for Arkansas counties - 1995
Jack D. London
1997-01-01
Periodic surveys of forest resources are authorized by the Forest Service and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978. These surveys are a continuing, nationwide undertaking by the Regional Experiment Stations of the USDA Forest Service. In the Southern United States, these surveys are conducted by the two Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Research Work...
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Forest statistics for Arkansas' Ouachita counties - 1995
James F. Rosson; Jack D. London
1997-01-01
Periodic surveys of forest resources are authorized by the Forest Service and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978. These surveys are a continuing, nationwide undertaking by the Regional Experiment Stations of the USDA Forest Service. In the Southern United States, these surveys are conducted by the two Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Research Work...
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Joint Annual Forest Inventory and Monitoring System
Ronald E. McRoberts
1999-01-01
The Renewable Forest and Rangeland Resources Planning Act of 1978 requires that the USDA Forest Service conduct periodic inventories of forestland in the United States to determine its extent and condition and the volume of standing timber, timber growth, and timber depletions. Five separate Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) programs, located in USDA Forest Service...
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Temperature as a potent driver of regional forest drought stress and tree mortality
Williams, A. Park; Allen, Craig D.; Macalady, Alison K.; Griffin, Daniel; Woodhouse, Connie A.; Meko, David M.; Swetnam, Thomas W.; Rauscher, Sara A.; Seager, Richard; Grissino-Mayer, Henri D.; Dean, Jeffrey S.; Cook, Edward R.; Gangodagamage, Chandana; Cai, Michael; McDowell, Nathan G.
2012-01-01
s the climate changes, drought may reduce tree productivity and survival across many forest ecosystems; however, the relative influence of specific climate parameters on forest decline is poorly understood. We derive a forest drought-stress index (FDSI) for the southwestern United States using a comprehensive tree-ring data set representing AD 1000-2007. The FDSI is approximately equally influenced by the warm-season vapour-pressure deficit (largely controlled by temperature) and cold-season precipitation, together explaining 82% of the FDSI variability. Correspondence between the FDSI and measures of forest productivity, mortality, bark-beetle outbreak and wildfire validate the FDSI as a holistic forest-vigour indicator. If the vapour-pressure deficit continues increasing as projected by climate models, the mean forest drought-stress by the 2050s will exceed that of the most severe droughts in the past 1,000 years. Collectively, the results foreshadow twenty-first-century changes in forest structures and compositions, with transition of forests in the southwestern United States, and perhaps water-limited forests globally, towards distributions unfamiliar to modern civilization.
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NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Williams, P.
2015-12-01
Ecological studies are increasingly recognizing the importance of atmospheric vapor-pressure deficit (VPD) as a driver of forest drought stress and disturbance processes such as wildfire. Because of the nonlinear Clausius-Clapeyron relationship between temperature and saturation vapor pressure, small variations in temperature can have large impacts on VPD, and therefore drought, particularly in warm, dry areas and particularly during the warm season. It is also clear that VPD and drought affect forest fire nonlinearly, as incremental drying leads to increasingly large burned areas. Forest fire is also affected by fuel amount and connectivity, which are promoted by vegetation growth in previous years, which is in turn promoted by lack of drought, highlighting the importance of nuances in the sequencing of natural interannual climate variations in modulating the impacts of drought on wildfire. The many factors affecting forest fire, and the nonlinearities embedded within the climate and wildfire systems, cause interannual variability in forest-fire area and frequency to be wildly variable and strongly affected by internal climate variability. In addition, warming over the past century has produced a background increase in forest fire frequency and area in many regions. In this talk I focus on the western United States and will explore whether the relationships between internal climate variability on forest fire area have been amplified by the effects of warming as a result of the compounding nonlinearities described above. I will then explore what this means for future burned area in the western United States and make the case that uncertainties in the future global greenhouse gas emissions trajectory, model projections of mean temperatures, model projections of precipitation, and model projections of natural climate variability translate to very large uncertainties in the effects of future climate variability on forest fire area in the United States and globally.
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Monica Tomosy; Scott H. Stoleson; David I. King
2011-01-01
In August of 2009 a symposium was convened at the 127th Stated Meeting of the American Ornithologist's Union in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the nationwide system of Experimental Forests and Ranges (EFRs) established by the US Forest Service in 1909. Fifteen scientists from across the United States and the Caribbean gathered...
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US Forest Service Northeastern Area, State and Private Forestry
2008-01-01
The Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry (NA), a unit of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, covers a 20-State region and the District of Columbia. The region is home to 41 percent of the nation's people and 23 percent of its forests. Private landowners hold nearly 130 million acres, including forest land owned by almost 5 million family...
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Non-timber forest products: alternative multiple-uses for sustainable forest management
James L. Chamberlain; Mary Predny
2003-01-01
Forests of the southern United States are the source of a great diversity of flora, much of which is gathered for non-timber forest products (NTFPs). These products are made from resources that grow under the forest canopy as trees, herbs, shrubs, vines, moss and even lichen. They occur naturally in forests or may be cultivated under the forest canopy or in...
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Michael A. Kilgore; Paul B. Ellefson; Travis J. Funk; Gregory E. Frey
2017-01-01
Financial incentives provided by State property tax programs are a means of promoting ecosystem services from private forest land. Identified by this 50-State 2015 review, categories of ecosystem services frequently promoted by such programs are open space and scenic resources, conservation of...
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Lightning fires in southwestern forests
Jack S. Barrows
1978-01-01
Lightning is the leading cause of fires in southwestern forests. On all protected private, state and federal lands in Arizona and New Mexico, nearly 80 percent of the forest, brush and range fires are ignited by lightning. The Southwestern region leads all other regions of the United States both in total number of lightning fires and in the area burned by these fires...
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Angela M. White; Elise F. Zipkin; Patricia N. Manley; Matthew D. Schlesinger
2013-01-01
Over a century of fire suppression activities have altered the structure and composition of mixed conifer forests throughout the western United States. In the absence of fire, fuels have accumulated in these forests causing concerns over the potential for catastrophic wildfires. Fuel reduction treatments are being used on federal and state lands to reduce the threat of...
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A strategic assessment of forest biomass and fuel reduction treatments in Western States
USDA Forest Service; Bob Rummer; Jeff Prestemon; Dennis May; Pat Miles; John Vissage; Ron McRoberts; Greg Liknes; Wayne D. Shepperd; Dennis Ferguson; William Elliot; Sue Miller; Steve Reutebuch; Jamie Barbour; Jeremy Fried; Bryce Stokes; Edward Bilek; Ken Skog
2005-01-01
This assessment characterizes, at a regional scale, forest biomass that can potentially be removed to implement the fuel reduction and ecosystem restoration objectives of the National Fire Plan for the Western United States. The assessment area covers forests on both public and private ownerships in the region and describes all standing tree volume including stems,...
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T. J. Brandeis
2003-01-01
Rapid Changes in vegetation over short distances, high species diversity, and fragmented landscape challege the implementation of the Forest service's Forest inventory and Analysis (FIA)program on Puerto Rico. Applying the hexagonal FIA grid as used on the continental United States, the Forest service is installing a new forest sampling and monitoring framework...
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Recent Area Changes in Southern Forest Ownerships and Cover Types
Ralph J. Alig; Herbert A. Knight; Richard A. Birdsey
1986-01-01
Forest area data were examined from the most recent surveys of the 12 Southern States by the Forest Inventory and Analysis units of the USDA Forest Service. From 1977 to 1985, forest industry acreage in the South has continued to increase, miscellaneous private acreage has increased at a slower rate, and farm forest acreage has continued to drop sharply. During the...
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Dale D. Gormanson; Scott A. Pugh; Charles J. Barnett; Patrick D. Miles; Randall S. Morin; Paul A. Sowers; Jim Westfall
2017-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program collects sample plot data on all forest ownerships across the United States. FIA's primary objective is to determine the extent, condition, volume, growth, and use of trees on the Nation's forest land through a comprehensive inventory and analysis of the Nation's forest resources. The...
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76 FR 84 - Notice of Environmental Impact Statement; Withdrawal
Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
2011-01-03
... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Forest Service Notice of Environmental Impact Statement; Withdrawal... statement. SUMMARY: The United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Prescott National Forest... that significant impacts to the environment would be highly unlikely, and therefore an Environmental...
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Henrique F. Duarte; Brett M. Raczka; Daniel M. Ricciuto; John C. Lin; Charles D. Koven; Peter E. Thornton; David R. Bowling; Chun-Ta Lai; Kenneth J. Bible; James R. Ehleringer
2017-01-01
Droughts in the western United States are expected to intensify with climate change. Thus, an adequate representation of ecosystem response to water stress in land models is critical for predicting carbon dynamics. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4.5 against observations at an old-growth coniferous forest...
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Paul V. Ellefson; Michael A. Kilgore; Kenneth E. Skog; Christopher D. Risbrudt
2007-01-01
Located in 23 countries, 40 forest-products research and development organizations outside the United States were reviewed in 2004 and 2005. The intent was to obtain a better understanding of how such organizations are structured and administered and their performance judged. Investing over $600 million annually, the 40 organizations employed 7,000 to 7,500 scientists...
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Thomas R. Fox; Ray R. Hicks
2004-01-01
The South is blessed with abundant and diverse forest resources. Today, forests cover approximately 215 million acres in the South, which represents 29 percent of the forest land in the United States (Conner and Hartsell 2002). Maintaining the productivity of these forests is essential to the economic, environmental, and social well being of the South and the Nation....
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Forested wetlands of the Southern United States: a bibliography
William H. Conner; Nicole L. Hill; Evander M. Whitehead; William S. Busbee; Marceau A. Ratard; Mehmet Ozalp; Darrel L. Smith; James P. Marshall
2001-01-01
The term forested wetland covers a variety of forest types including mangroves, cypress/tupelo swamps, bottomland hardwoods, pocosins and Carolina bays, flatwoods, and mountain fens. These forests are dominated by woody species that have morphological features, physiological adaptations, and/or reproductive strategies enabling them to achieve maturity and reproduce in...
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Southern Forest Resource Assessment - Technical Report
David N. Wear; John G. Greis
2002-01-01
The southern forest resource assessment provides a comprehensive analysis of the history, status, and likely future of forests in the Southern United States. Twenty-three chapters address questions regarding social/economic systems, terrestrial ecosystems, water and aquatic ecosystems, forest health, and timber management; 2 additional chapters provide a background on...
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A management guide for invasive plants in southern forests
James H. Miller; Steven T. Manning; Stephen F. Enloe
2013-01-01
Invasions of nonnative plants into forests of the Southern United States continue to spread and include new species, increasingly eroding forest productivity, hindering forest use and management activities, and degrading diversity and wildlife habitat. This book provides the latest information on how to organize and enact prevention programs, build strategies,...
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How will the changing industrial forest landscape affect forest sustainability?
Eric J. Gustafson; Craig Loehle
2008-01-01
Large-scale divestiture of commercial forestlands is occurring in the United States. Furthermore, increasing demand for cellulose for bioenergy may modify forest management practices widely enough to impact the spatial characteristics of forested landscapes. We used the HARVEST timber harvest simulator to investigate the potential consequences of divestiture and...
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Trees for reclamation in the Eastern United States
C. W. Moody; Daniel T. Kimbrell
1980-01-01
The Alabama Forestry Commission promotes reclamation through forest resource education providing seedlings for reclamation and assistance to industry and landowners. Approximately 85% of the lands mined in 1979 will go into forest production. Good forest management on reclaimed lands will enable Alabama to meet its future demands for forest products.
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Sean P. Healey; Elizabeth Lapoint; Gretchen G. Moisen; Scott L. Powell
2011-01-01
The United States Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit maintains a large national network of inventory plots.While the consistency and extent of this network make FIA data attractive for ecological modelling, the FIA is charged by statute not to publicly reveal inventory plot locations. However, use of FIA plot data by the remote sensing community...
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Conservation of forest birds: evidence of a shifting baseline in community structure.
Rittenhouse, Chadwick D; Pidgeon, Anna M; Albright, Thomas P; Culbert, Patrick D; Clayton, Murray K; Flather, Curtis H; Huang, Chengquan; Masek, Jeffrey G; Stewart, Susan I; Radeloff, Volker C
2010-08-02
Quantifying changes in forest bird diversity is an essential task for developing effective conservation actions. When subtle changes in diversity accumulate over time, annual comparisons may offer an incomplete perspective of changes in diversity. In this case, progressive change, the comparison of changes in diversity from a baseline condition, may offer greater insight because changes in diversity are assessed over longer periods of times. Our objectives were to determine how forest bird diversity has changed over time and whether those changes were associated with forest disturbance. We used North American Breeding Bird Survey data, a time series of Landsat images classified with respect to land cover change, and mixed-effects models to associate changes in forest bird community structure with forest disturbance, latitude, and longitude in the conterminous United States for the years 1985 to 2006. We document a significant divergence from the baseline structure for all birds of similar migratory habit and nest location, and all forest birds as a group from 1985 to 2006. Unexpectedly, decreases in progressive similarity resulted from small changes in richness (<1 species per route for the 22-year study period) and modest losses in abundance (-28.7 - -10.2 individuals per route) that varied by migratory habit and nest location. Forest disturbance increased progressive similarity for Neotropical migrants, permanent residents, ground nesting, and cavity nesting species. We also documented highest progressive similarity in the eastern United States. Contemporary forest bird community structure is changing rapidly over a relatively short period of time (e.g., approximately 22 years). Forest disturbance and forest regeneration are primary factors associated with contemporary forest bird community structure, longitude and latitude are secondary factors, and forest loss is a tertiary factor. Importantly, these findings suggest some regions of the United States may already fall below the habitat amount threshold where fragmentation effects become important predictors of forest bird community structure.
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6. Photographic copy of historic photograph (date and photograph unknown) ...
6. Photographic copy of historic photograph (date and photograph unknown) of upper dam showing retaining walls (original in possession of United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Allegheny National Forest). VIEW WEST - Loleta Recreation Area, Upper Dam, 6 miles Southeast of interesection of State Route 24041 & State Route 66, Loleta, Elk County, PA
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14. Photographic copy of original Survey Data drawing of the ...
14. Photographic copy of original Survey Data drawing of the Loleta Dams, date and engineer unknown (original in possession of United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Allegheny National Forest). - Loleta Recreation Area, Lower Dam, 6 miles Southeast of interesection of State Route 24041 & State Route 66, Loleta, Elk County, PA
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11. Photographic copy of original Lower Dam for Loleta Camp ...
11. Photographic copy of original Lower Dam for Loleta Camp Ground drawing by Paul Wakefield, 1933 (original in possession of United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Allegheny National Forest). - Loleta Recreation Area, Lower Dam, 6 miles Southeast of interesection of State Route 24041 & State Route 66, Loleta, Elk County, PA
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13. Photographic copy of original Design For New Sluice Gate ...
13. Photographic copy of original Design For New Sluice Gate drawing, date and engineer unknown (original in possession of United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Allegheny National Forest). - Loleta Recreation Area, Lower Dam, 6 miles Southeast of interesection of State Route 24041 & State Route 66, Loleta, Elk County, PA
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Forested plant associations of the Colville National Forest.
Clinton K. Williams; Brian F. Kelley; Bradley G. Smith; Terry R. Lillybridge
1995-01-01
A classification of forest vegetation is presented for the Colville National Forest in northeastern Washington State. It is based on potential vegetation with the plant association as the basic unit. The classification is based on a sample of approximately 229 intensive plots and 282 reconnaissance plots distributed across the forest from 1980 to 1983. The hierarchical...
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Forest statistics for east Texas counties - 1986
Linda L. Lang; Daniel F. Bertelson
1987-01-01
The southern forest survey, an activity of the southern forest experiment station forest inventory and analysis work unit, covers the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, east Texas and the island of Puerto Rico. This survey is part of the nationwide forest survey originally authorized by the McSweeney-McNary Act of 1928. More...
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Forest statistics for North Delta Louisiana parishes
James F. Rosson; Daniel F. Bertelson
1986-01-01
The southern Forest survey, an activity of the Southern Forest Experiment Station Forest Inventory and Analysis work unit, covers the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee, East Texas and the Island of Puerto Rico. This survey is part of the nationwide Forest Survey originally authorized by the McSweeney-McNary Act of 1928. More...
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Arkansas Forests--The Timber Resource
Richard A. Williams
2001-01-01
Arkansas has beautiful forest lands totaling 18.3 million acres. In fact, Arkansas is over 50 percent forested, which is much higher than the United States average of 21 percent (fig. 1). Many of Arkansas' forested areas are timberlands or commercial forests, meaning that each acre can produce a minimum of 20 ft3 of wood volume per year....
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Influences of management of Southern forests on water quantity and quality
Ge Sun; Mark Riedel; Rhett Jackson; Randy Kolka; Devendra Amatya; Jim Shepard
2004-01-01
Water is a key output of southern forests and is critical to other processes, functions, and values of forest ecosystems. This chapter synthesizes published literature about the effects of forest management practices on water quantity and water quality across the Southern United States region. We evaluate the influences of forest management at different temporal and...
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Experimental Forests and Ranges of the USDA Forest Service
Mary Beth Adams; Linda Loughry; Linda, comps. Plaugher
2008-01-01
The USDA Forest Service has an outstanding scientific resource in the 77 Experimental Forests and Ranges that exist across the United States and its territories. These valuable scientific resources incorporate a broad range of climates, forest types, research emphases, and history. This publication, revised in March 2008, describes each of the research sites within the...
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Effects of forest cover on drinking water treatment costs
Travis Warziniack; Chi Ho Sham; Robert Morgan; Yasha Feferholtz
2016-01-01
This paper explores the relationship between forest cover and drinking water treatment costs using results from a 2014 survey by the American Water Works Association (AWWA) that targeted utilities in forested ecoregions in the United States. On the basis of the data collected, there is a negative relationship between forest cover and turbidity, i.e. as forest...
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Changing tree composition by life history strategy in a grassland-forest landscape
Brice B. Hanberry; John M. Kabrick; Hong S. He
2014-01-01
After rapid deforestation in the eastern United States, which generally occurred during the period of 1850-1920, forests did not return to historical composition and structure. We examined forest compositional change and then considered how historical land use and current land use may influence forests in a grassland-forest landscape, the Missouri Plains, where...
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Forests on the edge: evaluating contributions of and threats to America's private forest lands
Mark Hatfield; Ronald E. McRoberts; Dacia M. Meneguzzo; Mike Dechter; < i> et al< /i>
2007-01-01
The Forests on the Edge project, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, uses geographic information systems to construct and analyze maps depicting ecological, social, and economic contributions of America's private forest lands and threats to those contributions. Watersheds across the conterminous United States are ranked relative to the...
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Peter Ince; Albert Schuler; Henry Spelter; William Luppold
2007-01-01
This report examines economic implications for sustainable forest management of globalization and related structural changes in the forest sector of the United States. Globalization has accelerated structural change in the U.S. forest sector, favored survival of larger and more capital-intensive enterprises, and altered historical patterns of resource use.
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The use of remote sensing for updating extensive forest inventories
John F. Kelly
1990-01-01
The Forest Inventory and Analysis unit of the USDA Forest Service Southern Forest Experiment Station (SO-FIA) has the research task of devising an inventory updating system that can be used to provide reliable estimates of forest area, volume, growth, and removals at the State level. These updated inventories must be accomplished within current budgetary restraints....
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The climate change performance scorecard and carbon estimates for national forest
John W. Coulston; Kellen Nelson; Christopher W. Woodall; David Meriwether; Gregory A. Reams
2012-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service manages 20 percent of the forest land in the United States. Both the Climate Change Performance Scorecard and the revised National Forest Management Act require the assessment of carbon stocks on these lands. We present circa 2010 estimates of carbon stocks for each national forest and recommendations to improve these estimates.
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FIAMODEL : a new link for geographic analyses of inventory data
David Reed; Kurt Pregitzer; Scott A. Pugh; Patrick Miles
2001-01-01
The USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data are widely used throughtout the United States for analyses of forest status and trends, landscape-level forest composition, and other forest characteristics. A new software product, FIAMODEL, is available for analyzing FIA data within the ArcView (ESRI,Inc.) geographic information system. The software...
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Eric D. Vance
2010-01-01
The Agenda 2020 Program is a partnership among government agencies, the forest products industry, and academia to develop technology capable of enhancing forest productivity, sustaining environmental values, increasing energy efficiency, and improving the economic competitiveness of the United States forest sector. In November 2006, the USDA Forest Service, in...
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The Status of timber resources in the North Central United States.
Stephen R. Shifley; Neal H. Sullivan
2002-01-01
Summarizes forest area, ownership, volume, growth, harvest, products, product consumption, trends, and sustainability for the North Central United States including Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin.
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J.L. Chamberlain; M. Predny
2003-01-01
Forests of the southern United States are the source of a great diversity of flora, much of which is gathered to produce non-timber forest products (NTFPs). These products are made from resources that grow under the forest canopy as trees, herbs, shrubs, vines, moss and even lichen. They occur naturally in forests or may be cultivated under the forest canopy or in...
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Forest Statistics for Maine, 1995
Douglas M. Griffith; Carol L. Alerich; Carol L. Alerich
1996-01-01
A statistical report on the fourth forest inventory of Maine conducted in 1994-96. Findings are displayed in 117 tables containing estimates of forest area numbers of trees, timber volume, and growth. Data are presented at three levels: state, geographic unit, and county.
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An overview of oak silviculture in the United States: the past, present, and future
R. Rogers; P.S. Johnson; D.L. Loftis
1993-01-01
Oaks (Quercus) are important components of forest systems throughout the United States. This overview describes past, present, and future silvicultural practices within the oak-hickory ecosystem of the United States. Past land-use activitiesfavored oak development, butwildfire and livestock grazing controls have caused severe oak regeneration...
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Michael Kilgore; Paul Ellefson; Travis Funk; Gregory E. Frey
2018-01-01
Financial incentives offered by state property tax programs are a means of promoting goods and services from private forestland. Identified by a 50-state review in 2014â2015, these incentives often require adherence to several conditions including valid ownership and use of forestland, correct size of parcel and suitable forest...
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C.A. McAlpine; T.A. Spies; P. Norman; A. Peterson
2007-01-01
As the area of the world's forests shrinks, the management of production forests is becoming increasingly paramount for biodiversity conservation. In the United States and Australia, public debate and controversy about the management of production forests during the later decades of the 20th century resulted in governments adopting sweeping top-down changes to...
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Invasibility of major forest types by non-native Chinese tallow in East Texas
Zhaofei Fan
2015-01-01
Non-native invasive Chinese tallow trees [Triadica sebifera (L.) Small,formerly Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb.] are rapidly spreading into natural ecosystems such as forests in the southeastern United States. Using the 2001-2010 USDA Forest Serviceâs Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data and forest land cover data, we estimated the regional invasibility of major forest...
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Conterminous U.S. and Alaska Forest Type Mapping Using Forest Inventory and Analysis Data
B. Ruefenacht; M.V. Finco; M.D. Nelson; R. Czaplewski; E.H. Helmer; J. A. Blackard; G.R. Holden; A.J. Lister; D. Salajanu; D. Weyermann; K. Winterberger
2008-01-01
Classification-trees were used to model forest type groups and forest types for the conterminous United States and Alaska. The predictor data were a geospatial data set with a spatial resolution of 250 m developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS). The response data were plot data from the USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis program. Overall...
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John W. Coulston; David N. Wear; James M. Vose
2015-01-01
Over the past century forest regrowth in Europe and North America expanded forest carbon (C) sinks and offset C emissions but future C accumulation is uncertain. Policy makers need insights into forest C dynamics as they anticipate emissions futures and goals. We used land use and forest inventory data to estimate how forest C dynamics have changed in the southeastern...
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Mapping the occurrence of tree damage in the forests of the northern United States
Randall S. Morin; Scott A. Pugh; Jim. Steinman
2016-01-01
The U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program uses visual inspections of trees from bottom to top to record damage that is likely to prevent survival, reduce growth, or hinder capability to produce marketable products. This report describes the types of damage and occurrence as measured across the 24-state northern region between 2009 and 2013....
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Landscape trends in Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States ecoregions
Griffith, J.A.; Stehman, S.V.; Loveland, Thomas R.
2003-01-01
Landscape pattern and composition metrics are potential indicators for broad-scale monitoring of change and for relating change to human and ecological processes. We used a probability sample of 20-km × 20-km sampling blocks to characterize landscape composition and pattern in five US ecoregions: the Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain, Southeastern Plains, Northern Piedmont, Piedmont, and Blue Ridge Mountains. Land use/land cover (LULC) data for five dates between 1972 and 2000 were obtained for each sample block. Analyses focused on quantifying trends in selected landscape pattern metrics by ecoregion and comparing trends in land cover proportions and pattern metrics among ecoregions. Repeated measures analysis of the landscape pattern documented a statistically significant trend in all five ecoregions towards a more fine-grained landscape from the early 1970s through 2000. The ecologically important forest cover class also became more fine-grained with time (i.e., more numerous and smaller forest patches). Trends in LULC, forest edge, and forest percent like adjacencies differed among ecoregions. These results suggest that ecoregions provide a geographically coherent way to regionalize the story of national land use and land cover change in the United States. This study provides new information on LULC change in the southeast United States. Previous studies of the region from the 1930s to the 1980s showed a decrease in landscape fragmentation and an increase in percent forest, while this study showed an increase in forest fragmentation and a loss of forest cover.
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Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data
Vogelmann, James E.; Tolk, Brian L.; Zhu, Zhiliang
2009-01-01
Landsat time series data sets were acquired for the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. This area includes the San Pedro Parks Wilderness area, which was designated as an official wilderness in 1964. Eight autumnal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired from 1988 to 2006 were analyzed to determine whether significant changes have occurred throughout the region during the past 18 years and, if so, to assess whether the changes are long-term and gradual or short-term and abrupt. It was found that, starting in about 1995, many of the conifer stands within the Wilderness area showed consistently gradual and marked increases in the Shortwave Infrared/Near Infrared Index. These trends generally imply decreases in canopy greenness or increases in mortality. Other high-elevation conifer forests located outside of the Wilderness area showed similar spectral trends, indicating that changes are potentially widespread. The spatial patterns of forest damage as inferred from the image analyses were very similar to the general patterns of insect defoliation damage mapped via aerial sketch mapping by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Health Monitoring Program. A field visit indicated that zones of spectral change are associated with high levels of forest damage and mortality, likely caused by a combination of insects and drought. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of using historical Landsat data for providing objective and consistent long-term assessments of the gradual ecosystem changes that are occurring within the western United States.
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Recent Rates of Forest Harvest and Conversion in North America
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Masek, Jeffrey G.; Cohen, Warren B.; Leckie, Donald; Wulder, Michael A.; Vargas, Rodrigo; de Jong, Ben; Healey, Sean; Law, Beverly; Birdsey, Richard; Houghton, R. A.;
2011-01-01
Incorporating ecological disturbance into biogeochemical models is critical for estimating current and future carbon stocks and fluxes. In particular, anthropogenic disturbances, such as forest conversion and wood harvest, strongly affect forest carbon dynamics within North America. This paper summarizes recent (2000.2008) rates of extraction, including both conversion and harvest, derived from national forest inventories for North America (the United States, Canada, and Mexico). During the 2000s, 6.1 million ha/yr were affected by harvest, another 1.0 million ha/yr were converted to other land uses through gross deforestation, and 0.4 million ha/yr were degraded. Thus about 1.0% of North America fs forests experienced some form of anthropogenic disturbance each year. However, due to harvest recovery, afforestation, and reforestation, the total forest area on the continent has been roughly stable during the decade. On average, about 110 m3 of roundwood volume was extracted per hectare harvested across the continent. Patterns of extraction vary among the three countries, with U.S. and Canadian activity dominated by partial and clear ]cut harvest, respectively, and activity in Mexico dominated by conversion (deforestation) for agriculture. Temporal trends in harvest and clearing may be affected by economic variables, technology, and forest policy decisions. While overall rates of extraction appear fairly stable in all three countries since the 1980s, harvest within the United States has shifted toward the southern United States and away from the Pacific Northwest.
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P.F. Hessburg; K.M. Reynolds; R.B. Salter; M.B. Richmond
2004-01-01
Human settlement and management activities have altered the patterns and processes of forest landscapes across the inland northwest region of the United States (Hessburg et al. 2000C; Hessburg and Agee in press). As a consequence, many attributes of current disturbance regimes (e.g., the frequency, duration, severity, and extent of fires) differ markedly from those of...
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McDonnell, T C; Reinds, G J; Sullivan, T J; Clark, C M; Bonten, L T C; Mol-Dijkstra, J P; Wamelink, G W W; Dovciak, M
2018-03-01
Changes in climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition caused pronounced changes in soil conditions and habitat suitability for many plant species over the latter half of the previous century. Such changes are expected to continue in the future with anticipated further changing air temperature and precipitation that will likely influence the effects of N deposition. To investigate the potential long-term impacts of atmospheric N deposition on hardwood forest ecosystems in the eastern United States in the context of climate change, application of the coupled biogeochemical and vegetation community model VSD+PROPS was explored at three sites in New Hampshire, Virginia, and Tennessee. This represents the first application of VSD+PROPS to forest ecosystems in the United States. Climate change and elevated (above mid-19th century) N deposition were simulated to be important factors for determining habitat suitability. Although simulation results suggested that the suitability of these forests to support the continued presence of their characteristic understory plant species might decline by the year 2100, low data availability for building vegetation response models with PROPS resulted in uncertain results at the extremes of simulated N deposition. Future PROPS model development in the United States should focus on inclusion of additional foundational data or alternate candidate predictor variables to reduce these uncertainties. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Coulston, John W; Wear, David N; Vose, James M
2015-01-23
Over the past century forest regrowth in Europe and North America expanded forest carbon (C) sinks and offset C emissions but future C accumulation is uncertain. Policy makers need insights into forest C dynamics as they anticipate emissions futures and goals. We used land use and forest inventory data to estimate how forest C dynamics have changed in the southeastern United States and attribute changes to land use, management, and disturbance causes. From 2007-2012, forests yielded a net sink of C because of net land use change (+6.48 Tg C yr(-1)) and net biomass accumulation (+75.4 Tg C yr(-1)). Forests disturbed by weather, insect/disease, and fire show dampened yet positive forest C changes (+1.56, +1.4, +5.48 Tg C yr(-1), respectively). Forest cutting caused net decreases in C (-76.7 Tg C yr(-1)) but was offset by forest growth (+143.77 Tg C yr(-1)). Forest growth rates depend on age or stage of development and projected C stock changes indicate a gradual slowing of carbon accumulation with anticipated forest aging (a reduction of 9.5% over the next five years). Additionally, small shifts in land use transitions consistent with economic futures resulted in a 40.6% decrease in C accumulation.
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United States forest disturbance trends observed with landsat time series
Jeffrey G. Masek; Samuel N. Goward; Robert E. Kennedy; Warren B. Cohen; Gretchen G. Moisen; Karen Schleweiss; Chengquan Huang
2013-01-01
Disturbance events strongly affect the composition, structure, and function of forest ecosystems; however, existing US land management inventories were not designed to monitor disturbance. To begin addressing this gap, the North American Forest Dynamics (NAFD) project has examined a geographic sample of 50 Landsat satellite image time series to assess trends in forest...
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Spatial Analysis for Monitoring Forest Health
Francis A. Roesch
1994-01-01
A plan for the spatial analysis for the sample design for the detection monitoring phase in the joint USDA Forest Service/EPA Forest Health Monitoring Program (FHM) in the United States is discussed. The spatial analysis procedure is intended to more quickly identify changes in forest health by providing increased sensitivity to localized changes. The procedure is...
