The Increasing Importance of Deposition of Reduced Nitrogen in the United States

EPA Science Inventory

Rapid development of agricultural activities and fossil fuel combustion in the United States has led to a great increase in reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions in the second half of the twentieth century. These emissions have been linked to excess nitrogen (N) deposition (i.e. depos...

The Role and Qualifications of the Reading Coach in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Reading Association (NJ1), 2004

2004-01-01

The rapid proliferation of reading coaches is one of the responses to increased attention to reading achievement and the achievement gap in the United States. In recent years, reading has been the focus of both state and federal reading initiatives. With the changing roles have come a variety of new titles, such as reading coach and literacy…

Some ethical and psychiatric aspects of right-lobe liver transplantation in the United States and Japan.

PubMed

Surman, Owen S; Cosimi, A B; Fukunishi, Isao; Kawaii, Tatsuo; Findley, John; Kita, Yoshiaki; Makuuchi, Masatoshi

2002-01-01

Cadaver sources are insufficient for the increasing demand for liver transplantation. Right-lobe liver transplantation from living donors is fully developed in Japan and has been rapidly increasing in the United States during the past 2 years, although donor risk is greater than in other types of solid organ transplantation. The authors examine the psychiatric and ethical aspects of right-lobe liver transplantation in light of cultural differences between the United States and Japan.

Thirty-ninth annual report of the Director of the United States Geological Survey

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, George Otis

1918-01-01

The appropriations for the work of the United States Geological Survey for the fiscal year 1917-18 comprised items amounting to $1,750,520. The plan of operations as approved by the Secretary of the Interior contemplated surveys and investigations in the United States and Alaska designed mainly to obtain information or to encourage activities essential to the rapid and successful prosecution of the war. The results of the work are reported in detail in the following pages.

An Early Look at Building a Social Learning for Sustainability Community of Practice: RCE Grand Rapids' Flagship Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glasser, Harold

2010-01-01

Grand Rapids is the first United Nations University (UNU) Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE) on education for sustainable development (ESD) in the United States. It builds on the region's long history and deep foundation in research, planning and problem solving to build a sustainable future. This article explores the concept of RCEs as social…

Status of vaccines for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the United States and Canada

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

In 2013, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) emerged in the United States as a rapidly spreading epidemic causing dramatic death losses in suckling piglets. Neonatal piglets are most vulnerable to clinical disease and their only protection is passive immunity from their dam. At the end of the thi...

Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States

Treesearch

Phillip J. van Mantgem; Nathan L. Stephenson; John C. Byrne; Lori D. Daniels; Jerry F. Franklin; Peter Z. Fule; Mark E. Harmon; Andrew J. Larson; Jeremy M. Smith; Alan H. Taylor; Thomas T. Veblen

2009-01-01

Persistent changes in tree mortality rates can alter forest structure, composition, and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. Our analyses of longitudinal data from unmanaged old forests in the western United States showed that background (noncatastrophic) mortality rates have increased rapidly in recent decades, with doubling periods ranging from 17 to 29...

Latinas: Hispanic Women in the United States. The Hispanic Experience in America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garza, Hedda

The term "Latinas" encompasses many different groups of women. Despite the disparities among the cultures of their countries of origin, Spanish-speaking peoples have been lumped as "Hispanics," and later "Latinos," in the United States. The Latino group is rapidly becoming the largest minority population in the United…

Biotic agents responsible for rapid crown decline and mortality of hickory in northeastern and north central USA

Treesearch

Jennifer Juzwik; Hi-Hyun Park; Mark T. Banik; Linda Haugen

2013-01-01

Severe decline and mortality of hickory (Carya spp.) occur periodically in the eastern United States. Recently, rapidly declining crowns followed by tree mortality were found to be the predominant symptoms based on a 2 year survey in six north central and northeastern states. Stems of actively declining bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis...

An approach for evaluating the repeatability of rapid wetland assessment methods: The effects of training and experience

EPA Science Inventory

We sampled 92 wetlands from four different basins in the United States to quantify observer repeatability in rapid wetland condition assessment using the Delaware Rapid Assessment Protocol (DERAP). In the Inland Bays basin of Delaware, 58 wetland sites were sampled by multiple ob...

Impact Of Rapid Incident Detection On Freeway Accident Fatalities

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-06-01

Heavily congested urban highways in the United States have spurred the development of Freeway Management Systems (FMS). Among the goals of these systems is the improvement of traffic management and the facilitation of more rapid incident detection an...

Diagnosis of Concurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Tuberculous Otitis Media Confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF in the United States.

PubMed

Tompkins, Kathleen M; Reimers, Melissa A; White, Becky L; Herce, Michael E

2016-05-01

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important cause of infectious morbidity in the United States (US), necessitating timely and accurate diagnosis. We report a case of concurrent pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB presenting as tuberculous otitis media in a hospitalized US patient admitted with cough, night sweats, and unilateral purulent otorrhea. Diagnosis was made by smear microscopy and rapidly confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF-a novel, automated nucleic acid amplification test for the rapid detection of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB. This case adds to the growing body of evidence validating Xpert MTB/RIF as an effective tool for the rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB, even in low TB-prevalence settings such as the US, when testing is performed on non-respiratory specimens.

Diagnosis of Concurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Tuberculous Otitis Media Confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF in the United States

PubMed Central

Tompkins, Kathleen M.; Reimers, Melissa A.; White, Becky L.; Herce, Michael E.

2015-01-01

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important cause of infectious morbidity in the United States (US), necessitating timely and accurate diagnosis. We report a case of concurrent pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB presenting as tuberculous otitis media in a hospitalized US patient admitted with cough, night sweats, and unilateral purulent otorrhea. Diagnosis was made by smear microscopy and rapidly confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF—a novel, automated nucleic acid amplification test for the rapid detection of drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB. This case adds to the growing body of evidence validating Xpert MTB/RIF as an effective tool for the rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB, even in low TB-prevalence settings such as the US, when testing is performed on non-respiratory specimens. PMID:27346926

Cervical cancer prevention: new guidelines in the United States and new opportunities for low- and middle-income countries.

PubMed

Waxman, Alan G

2013-06-01

Developments from late 2011 to early 2013, including consensus conferences and the introduction of low-cost, rapid-turnaround testing of human papillomavirus, will change prevention strategies for cervical cancer in the United States and in low- and middle-income countries. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Learning to Lead, Leading to Learn: How Facilitators Learn to Lead Lesson Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Jennifer M.

2016-01-01

This article presents research on how teacher developers in the United States learn to conduct lesson study. Although the practice of lesson study is expanding rapidly in the US, high-quality implementation requires skilled facilitation. In contexts such as the United States where this form of professional development is relatively novel, few…

The effects of precipitation and soil type on three invasive annual grasses in the western United States

Treesearch

Sheel Bansal; Jeremy J. James; Roger L. Sheley

2014-01-01

Multiple species of annual grasses are invading sagebrush-steppe communities throughout the western United States. Most research has focused on dominant species such as Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), yet other, less studied annual grasses such as Taeniatherum caput-medusae (medusahead) and Ventenata dubia (ventenata) are spreading rapidly. Future precipitation regimes...

Evaluating fuel complexes for fire hazard mitigation planning in the southeastern United States

Treesearch

Anne G. Andreu; Dan Shea; Bernard R. Parresol; Roger D. Ottmar

2012-01-01

Fire hazard mitigation planning requires an accurate accounting of fuel complexes to predict potential fire behavior and effects of treatment alternatives. In the southeastern United States, rapid vegetation growth coupled with complex land use history and forest management options requires a dynamic approach to fuel characterization. In this study we assessed...

Practitioners and Practices in Museum Education: The Case of Three Jewish Museums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moghadam, Yaara Shteinhart

2011-01-01

As Jewish museums are witnessing a rapid numerical rise in the United States and beyond, the professional and academic literature on Jewish museum education lags behind. This dissertation is aimed to help narrow this gap by examining how the education departments of Jewish museums in the United States conceptualize, promote, and conduct programs…

Variation within the "New Latino Diaspora": A Decade of Changes across the United States in the Equitable Participation of Latina/os in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hatch, Deryl K.; Mardock Uman, Naomi; Garcia, Crystal E.

2016-01-01

This study problematizes the common discourse that rapid and widespread Latina/o demographic growth in the United States is a driving force in realizing higher education equity gains. Using equity indices for students, faculty, and administrative leaders at the state level, we present a portrait of changes in Latina/o participation in higher…

Development of Medical Technology for Contingency Response to Marrow Toxic Agents

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-11

the transplant community about the critical importance of establishing a nationwide contingency response plan. 2. Rapid Identification of Matched...to rapidly identify the best available donor or cord blood unit for each patient utilizing its state-of-the-art communication infrastructure, sample...York City (NYC)-NY State Radiological Disaster - tabletop exercise 2. Minneapolis-full scale exercise 3. Dana Farber Cancer Institute – full

Evaluation of chestnut test plantings in the Eastern United States

Treesearch

Frederick H. Berry

1980-01-01

Between 1947 and 1955, 15 plots were established in the Eastern United States to evaluate chestnut hybrids under forest conditions. During the 1978 field season these test plots were reassessed and all living chestnut trees critically examined. Ten percent of the 250 surviving hybrid chestnuts were blight resistant, and had the timber form and rapid growth of the...

Balancing conflicting values: ecosystem solutions in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and Canada.

Treesearch

Richard W. Haynes; Robert C. Szaro; Dennis P. Dykstra

2005-01-01

Ecosystem approaches to sustainable forest management in the Pacific Northwest of the United States and Canada have arisen in response to significant changes that have occurred in these societies over the past century or so (Interagency Ecosystem Management Task Force, 1995). One such change as been rapid population growth along the Pacific Coast, where the mild...

Development of an applied black willow tree improvement program for biomass production in the south

Treesearch

Randall J. Rousseau; Emile S. Gardiner; Theodor D. Leininger

2012-01-01

The development of rapidly growing biomass woody crops is imperative as the United States strives to meet renewable energy goals. The Department of Energy has indicated that biomass is a prime source for renewable energy for the southern United States. Black Willow (Salix nigra Marsh.) is a potential bioenergy/biofuels crop for dedicated short-...

The Experiences of Latina Students during Their First Year of Attendance at a Four-Year University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perdigon, Nereida

2016-01-01

Latin@ is a minority group that has grown rapidly in the last twenty years in the United States. However, Latin@s have low participation in higher education, placing the group in a disadvantaged position compared with other ethnic groups. Therefore, it is important for the United States to educate and appropriately employ this group. This…

The Mamas and the Papas: The Invisible Diversity of Families with Same-Sex Parents in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rimalower, Lucy; Caty, Caren

2009-01-01

This literature review is intended for administrators, educators, and counselors to generate discussion and awareness of the issues facing families with same-sex parents in the United States, a demographic that is rapidly growing and needing service and attention from its communities. To provide educators with background into how these families…

The U.S. forest sector in 2030: Markets and competitors

Treesearch

James A. Turner; Joseph Buongiorno; Shushuai Zhu; Jeffrey P. Prestemon

2005-01-01

The Global Forest Products Model was used to project international forest sector developments, conditional on the latest RPA Timber Assessment of future domestic changes in the United States. While the United States, Japan, and Europe were predicted to remain major importers of forest products out to 2030, the rapid economic growth of China would make it the world...

Natural infections with pigeon paramyxovirus serotype 1: Pathologic changes in Eurasian collared-doves (Streptopelia decaocto) and rock pigeons (Columba livia) in the United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Pigeon paramyxovirus serotype 1 (PPMV-1) is a globally distributed, virulent member of the avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 serogroup that causes mortality in columbiformes and poultry. Following introduction into the United States in the mid-1980s, PPMV-1 rapidly spread causing numerous mortality eve...

The U.S. Labor Force in the New Economy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Social Education, 2004

2004-01-01

In the last two decades, the United States has been in the throes of rapid economic change brought by new technologies and the globalization of the economy. One of the best ways to study the effects of change on the U.S. population is through the abundant information available on the website of the United States Bureau of the Census. In addition…

Schooling for Newcomers: Variation in Educational Persistence in the Northern United States in 1920

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tolnay, Stewart E.; Bailey, Amy Kate

2006-01-01

Early in the 20th century, high rates of international migration from Europe and an increasing number of migrants from the South were rapidly changing the composition of cities in the northern United States. Within this dynamic environment, families faced a more complex set of decisions for the preferred economic roles of their members. For…

Technical Cooperation with Iran: A Case Study of Opportunities and Policy Implications for the United States. Report to the Agency for International Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Agency for International Development (Dept. of State), Washington, DC.

This report concerns aspects of the United States' changing policies for providing economic and technical assistance to developing nations. Of primary importance in a review of relationships with those rapidly developing nations no longer eligible for concessional assistance from the Agency for International Development (AID) are the possible…

Private Catholic Elementary Schools Established by Religious Congregations in the United States: Emerging Governance Models

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walsh, Mary Grace

2010-01-01

Private Catholic elementary schools in the United States often trace their origins to religious congregations of women and men. The rapid decline of religious vocations and the choice of many religious to serve in diverse ministries since the Second Vatican Council, has had an effect on all Catholic schools. Schools founded by religious…

News Coverage during International Political Uncertainty: The Korean Press Reports Sino-U.S. Normalization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Salwen, Michael B.

The rapid pace of improving relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China during the late 1970s has been well scrutinized by mass media scholars, but most of the research has focused on the press coverage emanating from the United States, the People's Republic of China, and Taiwan, the major nations involved in…

Recycling of wood and paper products in the United States

Treesearch

Peter J. Ince

1996-01-01

This report describes the current status of wood and paper recycling in the United States and predicts the production and market consequences of increased recycling. The results suggest that the rate of paper recycling will rapidly rise in the 1990s, mainly as a result of the competitive evolution of fiber markets and papermaking technologies. The consumption and...

Sailor's Life at Sea (and a Little Poetry).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of the Navy, Washington, DC.

At the turn of the 19th century, the United States was a rapidly growing nation. When the United States acquired territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean, the job of maintaining open sea lanes fell to the U.S. Navy. To maintain a strong and well-trained force, the Navy needed to attract personnel to work onboard their ships. It used…

Trends in Daily Cannabis Use Among Cigarette Smokers: United States, 2002-2014.

PubMed

Goodwin, Renee D; Pacek, Lauren R; Copeland, Jan; Moeller, Scott J; Dierker, Lisa; Weinberger, Andrea; Gbedemah, Misato; Zvolensky, Michael J; Wall, Melanie M; Hasin, Deborah S

2018-01-01

To estimate changes in the prevalence of daily cannabis use among current, former, and never cigarette smokers from 2002 to 2014 in the United States. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health is a nationally representative cross-sectional study conducted annually among persons aged 12 years and older in the United States. Daily cannabis use occurs nearly exclusively among nondaily and daily cigarette smokers compared with former and never smokers (8.03%, 9.01%, 2.79%, 1.05%, respectively). Daily cannabis use increased over the past decade among both nondaily (8.03% [2014] vs 2.85% [2002]; linear trend P < .001) and daily smokers (9.01% [2014]; 4.92% [2002]; linear trend P < .001). Daily cannabis use increased most rapidly among former cigarette smokers (2.79% [2014] vs 0.98% [2002]; linear trend P < .001). Daily cannabis use occurs predominantly among cigarette smokers in the United States. Daily cannabis use increased among current, former, and never smokers over the past decade, with particularly rapid increases among youth and female cigarette smokers. Future research is needed to monitor the observed increase in daily cannabis use, especially among youths and adults who smoke cigarettes.

Safety and Automated Train Control for Rail Rapid Transit Systems

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1974-07-01

The anticipated construction and expansion of rail rapid transit system in the United States over the next 10-15 years implies major capital expenditures. A significant level of automation in train cntrol is likely to be central to these systems. The...

Rapid Detection of Powassan Virus in a Patient With Encephalitis by Metagenomic Sequencing.

PubMed

Piantadosi, Anne; Kanjilal, Sanjat; Ganesh, Vijay; Khanna, Arjun; Hyle, Emily P; Rosand, Jonathan; Bold, Tyler; Metsky, Hayden C; Lemieux, Jacob; Leone, Michael J; Freimark, Lisa; Matranga, Christian B; Adams, Gordon; McGrath, Graham; Zamirpour, Siavash; Telford, Sam; Rosenberg, Eric; Cho, Tracey; Frosch, Matthew P; Goldberg, Marcia B; Mukerji, Shibani S; Sabeti, Pardis C

2018-02-10

We describe a patient with severe and progressive encephalitis of unknown etiology. We performed rapid metagenomic sequencing from cerebrospinal fluid and identified Powassan virus, an emerging tick-borne flavivirus that has been increasingly detected in the United States.

Stratospheric ozone over the United States in summer linked to observations of convection and temperature via chlorine and bromine catalysis

PubMed Central

Anderson, James G.; Weisenstein, Debra K.; Bowman, Kenneth P.; Homeyer, Cameron R.; Smith, Jessica B.; Wilmouth, David M.; Sayres, David S.; Klobas, J. Eric; Dykema, John A.; Wofsy, Steven C.

2017-01-01

We present observations defining (i) the frequency and depth of convective penetration of water into the stratosphere over the United States in summer using the Next-Generation Radar system; (ii) the altitude-dependent distribution of inorganic chlorine established in the same coordinate system as the radar observations; (iii) the high resolution temperature structure in the stratosphere over the United States in summer that resolves spatial and structural variability, including the impact of gravity waves; and (iv) the resulting amplification in the catalytic loss rates of ozone for the dominant halogen, hydrogen, and nitrogen catalytic cycles. The weather radar observations of ∼2,000 storms, on average, each summer that reach the altitude of rapidly increasing available inorganic chlorine, coupled with observed temperatures, portend a risk of initiating rapid heterogeneous catalytic conversion of inorganic chlorine to free radical form on ubiquitous sulfate−water aerosols; this, in turn, engages the element of risk associated with ozone loss in the stratosphere over the central United States in summer based upon the same reaction network that reduces stratospheric ozone over the Arctic. The summertime development of the upper-level anticyclonic flow over the United States, driven by the North American Monsoon, provides a means of retaining convectively injected water, thereby extending the time for catalytic ozone loss over the Great Plains. Trusted decadal forecasts of UV dosage over the United States in summer require understanding the response of this dynamical and photochemical system to increased forcing of the climate by increasing levels of CO2 and CH4. PMID:28584119

Stratospheric ozone over the United States in summer linked to observations of convection and temperature via chlorine and bromine catalysis.

PubMed

Anderson, James G; Weisenstein, Debra K; Bowman, Kenneth P; Homeyer, Cameron R; Smith, Jessica B; Wilmouth, David M; Sayres, David S; Klobas, J Eric; Leroy, Stephen S; Dykema, John A; Wofsy, Steven C

2017-06-20

We present observations defining ( i ) the frequency and depth of convective penetration of water into the stratosphere over the United States in summer using the Next-Generation Radar system; ( ii ) the altitude-dependent distribution of inorganic chlorine established in the same coordinate system as the radar observations; ( iii ) the high resolution temperature structure in the stratosphere over the United States in summer that resolves spatial and structural variability, including the impact of gravity waves; and ( iv ) the resulting amplification in the catalytic loss rates of ozone for the dominant halogen, hydrogen, and nitrogen catalytic cycles. The weather radar observations of ∼2,000 storms, on average, each summer that reach the altitude of rapidly increasing available inorganic chlorine, coupled with observed temperatures, portend a risk of initiating rapid heterogeneous catalytic conversion of inorganic chlorine to free radical form on ubiquitous sulfate-water aerosols; this, in turn, engages the element of risk associated with ozone loss in the stratosphere over the central United States in summer based upon the same reaction network that reduces stratospheric ozone over the Arctic. The summertime development of the upper-level anticyclonic flow over the United States, driven by the North American Monsoon, provides a means of retaining convectively injected water, thereby extending the time for catalytic ozone loss over the Great Plains. Trusted decadal forecasts of UV dosage over the United States in summer require understanding the response of this dynamical and photochemical system to increased forcing of the climate by increasing levels of CO 2 and CH 4 .

Economic impacts of bus rapid transit in southeast Michigan.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-12-01

In recent years, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has generated great interest across the United States. There are more than 20 BRT : systems in existence, and more are in the planning stage (including in Detroit). Within the next few years, BRT will be plann...

Assessing Stream Channel Stability at Bridges in Physiographic Regions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-07-01

The objective of this study was to expand and improve a rapid channel stability assessment method developed previously by Johnson et al. to include additional factors, such as major physiographic units across the United States, a greater range of ban...

Early Identification and Prevention of the Spread of Ebola - United States.

PubMed

Van Beneden, Chris A; Pietz, Harald; Kirkcaldy, Robert D; Koonin, Lisa M; Uyeki, Timothy M; Oster, Alexandra M; Levy, Deborah A; Glover, Maleeka; Arduino, Matthew J; Merlin, Toby L; Kuhar, David T; Kosmos, Christine; Bell, Beth P

2016-07-08

In response to the 2014-2016 Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic in West Africa, CDC prepared for the potential introduction of Ebola into the United States. The immediate goals were to rapidly identify and isolate any cases of Ebola, prevent transmission, and promote timely treatment of affected patients. CDC's technical expertise and the collaboration of multiple partners in state, local, and municipal public health departments; health care facilities; emergency medical services; and U.S. government agencies were essential to the domestic preparedness and response to the Ebola epidemic and relied on longstanding partnerships. CDC established a comprehensive response that included two new strategies: 1) active monitoring of travelers arriving from countries affected by Ebola and other persons at risk for Ebola and 2) a tiered system of hospital facility preparedness that enabled prioritization of training. CDC rapidly deployed a diagnostic assay for Ebola virus (EBOV) to public health laboratories. Guidance was developed to assist in evaluation of patients possibly infected with EBOV, for appropriate infection control, to support emergency responders, and for handling of infectious waste. CDC rapid response teams were formed to provide assistance within 24 hours to a health care facility managing a patient with Ebola. As a result of the collaborations to rapidly identify, isolate, and manage Ebola patients and the extensive preparations to prevent spread of EBOV, the United States is now better prepared to address the next global infectious disease threat.The activities summarized in this report would not have been possible without collaboration with many U.S. and international partners (http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/partners.html).

Developing an integrated system for mechanical reduction of fuel loads at the wildland/urban interface in the southern United States

Treesearch

John A. Stanturf; Robert Rummer; M. Wimberly; Timothy G. Rials; Philip. A. Araman; Rodney Busby; James Granskog; Leslie Groom

2003-01-01

Prescribed fire is used routinely in the southern United States to reduce fuel loading and decrease the risk of catastrophic wildfires, improve forest health, and manage threatened and endangered species. With rapid human population growth, southern forests have become fragmented by an extensive road network and intertwined with urban uses in a wildland-urban interface...

Reducing Youth Incarceration in the United States. KIDS COUNT Data Snapshot

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2013

2013-01-01

A sea change is underway in the nation's approach to dealing with young people who get in trouble with the law. Although the country still leads the industrialized world in the rate at which it locks up young people, the youth confinement rate in the United States is rapidly declining. In 2010 this rate reached a new 35-year low, with almost every…

Employment and Training Policy in the United States during the Economic Crisis. Upjohn Institute Working Paper No. 10-161

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Leary, Christopher J.; Eberts, Randall W.

2009-01-01

This paper examines labor market conditions and public employment policies in the United States during what some are calling the Great Recession. We document the dramatic labor market changes that rapidly unfolded when the rate of gross domestic product growth turned negative, from the end of 2007 through early 2009. The paper reviews the…

Stockability: A major factor in productivity differences between Pinus taeda plantations in Hawaii and the Southeastern United States.

Treesearch

Dean S. DeBell; William R. Harms; Craig D. Whitesell

1989-01-01

Basal area and volume production in loblolly pine spacing trials in Hawaii were nearly double the average production in research plantings in the Southeastern United States. The higher productivity in Hawaii was associated, to some extent, with site index and more rapid growth of individual trees. Competition-related mortality, however, was considerably lower in Hawaii...

The Correlation between Attendance and Participation with Respect to Student Achievement in an Online Learning Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rapposelli, Joseph Anthony

2014-01-01

The recent and rapid growth of technology during the last several years has dramatically increased the number of new online degree programs and courses in the United States. As a result, enrollment into these online programs and courses has also increased. The United States Distance Learning Association (USDLA) estimated there was a total of 12.2…

The Incidence and Wage Consequences of Home-Based Work in the United States, 1980-2000

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oettinger, Gerald S.

2011-01-01

This study documents the rapid growth in home-based wage and salary employment and the sharp decline in the home-based wage penalty in the United States between 1980 and 2000. These twin patterns, observed for both men and women in most occupation groups, suggest that employer costs of providing home-based work arrangements have decreased.…

Impacts of bus rapid transit (BRT) on surrounding residential property values : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-07-01

As bus rapid transit (BRT) grows in popularity in the United States, a better understanding of the modes impacts on land uses and property values is needed. Economic theory suggests, and literature has shown, that people are willing to pay higher ...

Rapid Detection of Powassan Virus in a Patient With Encephalitis by Metagenomic Sequencing

PubMed Central

Piantadosi, Anne; Kanjilal, Sanjat; Ganesh, Vijay; Khanna, Arjun; Hyle, Emily P; Rosand, Jonathan; Bold, Tyler; Metsky, Hayden C; Lemieux, Jacob; Leone, Michael J; Freimark, Lisa; Matranga, Christian B; Adams, Gordon; McGrath, Graham; Zamirpour, Siavash; Telford, Sam; Rosenberg, Eric; Cho, Tracey; Frosch, Matthew P; Goldberg, Marcia B; Mukerji, Shibani S; Sabeti, Pardis C

2018-01-01

Abstract We describe a patient with severe and progressive encephalitis of unknown etiology. We performed rapid metagenomic sequencing from cerebrospinal fluid and identified Powassan virus, an emerging tick-borne flavivirus that has been increasingly detected in the United States. PMID:29020227

Development of guidelines for usage of high percent RAP in warm-mix asphalt pavements.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-12-15

Road construction using warm-mix asphalt has been rapidly gaining popularity in the United States, in part because : WMA is believed to be friendlier to the environment as compared to hot-mix asphalt. Parallel to this rapid growth in : WMA constructi...

Bus rapid transit and development : policies and practices that affect development around transit.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-12-01

The development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems is relatively recent in the United States, but several systems are in operation and more are advancing. There is a need for a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between land use and...

Feasibility of tubular fender units for pier protection against vessel collision.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-08-01

The potential for vessel collisions with bridges is rapidly increasing, as a larger number of heavier vessels are making more frequent trips under bridges. In the United States, rigorous design of bridges for vessel collision was first incorporated i...

Technology-based innovation for independent living: policy and innovation in the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, and the United States.

PubMed

Berridge, Clara; Furseth, Peder Inge; Cuthbertson, Richard; Demello, Steven

2014-01-01

Interest in utilizing technology to help older adults remain living at home is growing; however, uptake remains low. We present a conceptual framework for understanding independent living technology innovation within health and social services. Public policy and innovation in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Scandinavia are profiled as case studies. In all profiled countries, independent living technology is more rapidly advancing than associated state policy, regulation, and payment systems. The findings from this comparative analysis reveal areas for further exploration, including policy subsystem environments in which technologies and services are regulated, as well as trends and desires of older adults and their caregivers within particular cultural contexts.

From ’Battle’ to the ’Battle of Ideas’: The Meaning and Misunderstanding of Information Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-10

significant effort US forces placed on finding NVA units. As a result, Army forces could rapidly and unexpectedly, concentrate firepower. However, air...military success of American forces during the Gulf War and the disintegration of the Warsaw pact (and with it the Cold War) would lead to significant...This was because “the United States did not come close to its potential to move the most useful information rapidly to those who needed it most

Ecosystem services provided by pacific NW Estuaries: State of knowledge

EPA Science Inventory

Coastal regions in the United States are rapidly developing areas, with increasing urbanization and growing populations. Estuarine and nearshore coastal marine waters provide valuable ecosystem services to resident and transient human communities. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW)...

Distinguishing Intentional Releases from Natural Occurrences ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Report The purpose of this report was to: (1) survey the scientific literature to determine the current state of the science regarding the presence of Bacillus anthracis in the environment and outbreaks of anthrax; (2) identify characteristics that would enable a screening of information about outbreaks to rapidly assess whether an intentional release was a likely cause (in United States settings) in order to inform remediation decisions; and (3) identify gaps in risk-related knowledge associated with B. anthracis events in the United States.

Development of a Mental Health Nursing Simulation: Challenges and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kidd, Lori I.; Morgan, Karyn I.; Savery, John R.

2012-01-01

Nursing education programs are proliferating rapidly in the United States in an effort to meet demand for nurse professionals. Multiple challenges arise from this rapid expansion. One challenge is finding sufficient clinical sites to accommodate students. Increased competition for scarce resources requires creativity in clinical contracting. This…

Multiplex surface plasmon resonance imaging platform for label-free detection of foodborne pathogens

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Salmonellae are among the leading causes of foodborne outbreaks in the United States, and more rapid and efficient detection methods are needed. Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) is an emerging optical technique, which allows for rapid and label-free screening of multiple targets simultaneous...

Systems for rapidly detecting and treating persons with ebola virus disease--United States.

PubMed

Koonin, Lisa M; Jamieson, Denise J; Jernigan, John A; Van Beneden, Chris A; Kosmos, Christine; Harvey, Melissa Cole; Pietz, Harald; Bertolli, Jeanne; Perz, Joseph F; Whitney, Cynthia G; Halpin, Alison Sheehan-Laufer; Daley, W Randolph; Pesik, Nicki; Margolis, Gregg S; Tumpey, Abbigail; Tappero, Jordan; Damon, Inger

2015-03-06

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), CDC, other U.S. government agencies, the World Health Organization (WHO), and international partners are taking multiple steps to respond to the current Ebola virus disease (Ebola) outbreak in West Africa to reduce its toll there and to reduce the chances of international spread. At the same time, CDC and HHS are working to ensure that persons who have a risk factor for exposure to Ebola and who develop symptoms while in the United States are rapidly identified and isolated, and safely receive treatment. HHS and CDC have actively worked with state and local public health authorities and other partners to accelerate health care preparedness to care for persons under investigation (PUI) for Ebola or with confirmed Ebola. This report describes some of these efforts and their impact.

Numerical groundwater-flow model of the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units in the Rapid City area, South Dakota

USGS Publications Warehouse

Putnam, Larry D.; Long, Andrew J.

2009-01-01

The city of Rapid City and other water users in the Rapid City area obtain water supplies from the Minnelusa and Madison aquifers, which are contained in the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units. A numerical groundwater-flow model of the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units in the Rapid City area was developed to synthesize estimates of water-budget components and hydraulic properties, and to provide a tool to analyze the effect of additional stress on water-level altitudes within the aquifers and on discharge to springs. This report, prepared in cooperation with the city of Rapid City, documents a numerical groundwater-flow model of the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units for the 1,000-square-mile study area that includes Rapid City and the surrounding area. Water-table conditions generally exist in outcrop areas of the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units, which form generally concentric rings that surround the Precambrian core of the uplifted Black Hills. Confined conditions exist east of the water-table areas in the study area. The Minnelusa hydrogeologic unit is 375 to 800 feet (ft) thick in the study area with the more permeable upper part containing predominantly sandstone and the less permeable lower part containing more shale and limestone than the upper part. Shale units in the lower part generally impede flow between the Minnelusa hydrogeologic unit and the underlying Madison hydrogeologic unit; however, fracturing and weathering may result in hydraulic connections in some areas. The Madison hydrogeologic unit is composed of limestone and dolomite that is about 250 to 610 ft thick in the study area, and the upper part contains substantial secondary permeability from solution openings and fractures. Recharge to the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units is from streamflow loss where streams cross the outcrop and from infiltration of precipitation on the outcrops (areal recharge). MODFLOW-2000, a finite-difference groundwater-flow model, was used to simulate flow in the Minnelusa and Madison hydrogeologic units with five layers. Layer 1 represented the fractured sandstone layers in the upper 250 ft of the Minnelusa hydrogeologic unit, and layer 2 represented the lower part of the Minnelusa hydrogeologic unit. Layer 3 represented the upper 150 ft of the Madison hydrogeologic unit, and layer 4 represented the less permeable lower part. Layer 5 represented an approximation of the underlying Deadwood aquifer to simulate upward flow to the Madison hydrogeologic unit. The finite-difference grid, oriented 23 degrees counterclockwise, included 221 rows and 169 columns with a square cell size of 492.1 ft in the detailed study area that surrounded Rapid City. The northern and southern boundaries for layers 1-4 were represented as no-flow boundaries, and the boundary on the east was represented with head-dependent flow cells. Streamflow recharge was represented with specified-flow cells, and areal recharge to layers 1-4 was represented with a specified-flux boundary. Calibration of the model was accomplished by two simulations: (1) steady-state simulation of average conditions for water years 1988-97 and (2) transient simulations of water years 1988-97 divided into twenty 6-month stress periods. Flow-system components represented in the model include recharge, discharge, and hydraulic properties. The steady-state streamflow recharge rate was 42.2 cubic feet per second (ft3/s), and transient streamflow recharge rates ranged from 14.1 to 102.2 ft3/s. The steady-state areal recharge rate was 20.9 ft3/s, and transient areal recharge rates ranged from 1.1 to 98.4 ft3/s. The upward flow rate from the Deadwood aquifer to the Madison hydrogeologic unit was 6.3 ft3/s. Discharge included springflow, water use, flow to overlying units, and regional outflow. The estimated steady-state springflow of 32.8 ft3/s from seven springs was similar to the simulated springflow of 31.6 ft3/s, which included 20.5 ft3

Valuing state parks: Accounting for diverse visitor perspectives

Treesearch

Jason W. Whiting; Lincoln R. Larson; Gary T. Green

2012-01-01

Current and estimated future changes in the United States population suggest that racial and ethnic minority groups are growing rapidly. Minority groups, however, continue to be underrepresented in visitation to state parks. It is also unclear how minority groups value natural settings, such as state parks. The lack of visitation and lack of information pertaining to...

Newborn screening policy in the United Kingdom & the United States: two different communities of practice.

PubMed

Patch, Christine

2006-01-01

Newborn screening is a rapidly developing area driven by both technological advances and public pressure. If they are not yet, all nurses working with mothers and children will soon be involved with implementing newborn-screening programs, and it is therefore important that they appreciate both the benefits and potential harms of such programs. In the United Kingdom, policy regarding the implementation of newborn-screening programs is developed at national level, and consideration of the introduction of new tests is subject to a formalized evaluation framework. In the United States, by contrast, each state develops its own screening program. Knowledge of developments in newborn screening in different countries that have diverse types of healthcare systems helps to inform nurses about the totality of healthcare for newborns, and assists them in becoming more knowledgeable about how international standards differ from those in the United States.

Evaluation of rapid SYS system as screen for Yersinia enterocolitica in the United States.

PubMed Central

Mele, L; Nadler, H; Gomez, S

1987-01-01

Clinical isolates (n = 150) from stool specimens were selected for evaluation of the Rapid SYS system (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) as a screening test for Shigella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica, and Salmonella spp. The Gram-Negative Identification Card (Vitek Systems, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.) was used for identification. Although acceptable performance of the Rapid SYS system was described, the interpretative criteria provided by the vendor for previous studies led to inappropriate screening for Y. enterocolitica, particularly biotype 1. When corrected screening criteria were used for the present study, the sensitivity for the detection of 76 enteric pathogens was 98.7%. Of the 76 pathogens, 1 of 21 Shigella spp. was not detected. However, specificity was only 16.6% when 72 selected nonpathogens frequently encountered in stools were eliminated. Although the Rapid SYS system can identify Shigella spp., Y. enterocolitica, and Salmonella spp., only phenylalanine deaminase-producing and cytochrome oxidase-producing organisms can be eliminated from additional testing. Therefore, the Rapid SYS system cannot be used as a three-pathogen screen in the United States or in other geographic locales where Y. enterocolitica biotype 1 may be encountered. PMID:3323232

The American Dream and the Gospel of Wealth in Nineteenth-Century American Society: A Unit of Study for Grades 9-12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gifford, Nina; Ingersoll, Tom

The material in this unit is designed to introduce students to the origin and role of ideas in history, especially their role in the lives of ordinary people, in the rapidly industrializing United States of the 19th century. These lessons concern Americans in the great age of industrialization, from 1850 to 1900. Unit objectives include: (1)…

Social Media Strategies for the United States Armed Forces: An Israeli Case Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-05-03

experiences a significant military failure. Discussion: The US military is facing pressure to adapt to a rapidly evolving information environment...Marine Corps, but as I explored the issue, it rapidly became apparent that the institutional structures that both enable and constrain social media use... rapidly changing nature of the information environment itself is causing drastic societal changes, with widespread effects on both individual and

Ecosystem services provided by Pacific NW estuaries: State of knowledge - March 3, 2011

EPA Science Inventory

Coastal regions in the United States are rapidly developing areas, with increasing urbanization and growing populations. Estuarine and nearshore coastal marine waters provide valuable ecosystem services to resident and transient human communities. In the Pacific Northwest (PNW) ...

Implications of metric conversion.

PubMed

Laros, R K

1980-11-01

The international scientific community is rapidly achieving conversion to the metric system, and the Système International (SI system) has been chosen for use by health scientists. Because the United States remains 1 of only 4 countries not now using part or all of the SI system, there is now a systematic effort toward rapid conversion. Although most of the SI system is not controversial, several SI units are highly so. Examples include joules instead of calories, pascals instead of millimeters of mercury, and moles per liter instead of milligrams per 100 milliliters. Obstetrician-gynecologists need to be familiar with the SI units and to voice their feelings about the various controversial units. There are decisions still to be made, and the time for discussion and advice is now.

Phytoplankton bloom all along the coast of Southeast United States

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

All along the eastern and southern coasts of the United States, marine plants seem impervious to the onslaught of winter weather further north. In this true-color image from January 9, 2002, phytoplankton can be seen growing in the nation's coastal waters; their characteristic blue-green swirls are especially visible off the west coast of Florida. Fire locations are marked with red dots. Credit: Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team, NASA/GSFC

On the difference in the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 between deciduous and evergreen forests in the southeastern United States

Treesearch

Kimberly A. Novick; A. Christopher Oishi; Eric J. Ward; Mario B.S. Siqueira; Jehn-Yih Juang; Paul C. Stoy

2015-01-01

The southeastern United States is experiencing a rapid regional increase in the ratio of pine to deciduous forest ecosystems at the same time it is experiencing changes in climate. This study is focused on exploring how these shifts will affect the carbon sink capacity of southeastern US forests, which we show here are among the strongest carbon sinks in the...

Maritime Situational Awareness Research Infrastructure (MSARI): Requirements and High Level Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

Exchange Model (NIEM)-Maritime [16], • Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) database [17], • 2009 United States AIS Database 3, • PASTA -MARE project...upper/lower cases, plural, etc.) is very consistent and is pertinent for MSARI. The 2009 United States AIS and PASTA -MARE project databases, exclusively...designed for AIS, were found too restrictive for MSARI where other types of data are stored. How- ever, some lessons learned of the PASTA -MARE

The Future of Contrast-Enhanced Mammography.

PubMed

Covington, Matthew F; Pizzitola, Victor J; Lorans, Roxanne; Pockaj, Barbara A; Northfelt, Donald W; Appleton, Catherine M; Patel, Bhavika K

2018-02-01

The purpose of this article is to discuss facilitators of and barriers to future implementation of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) in the United States. CEM provides low-energy 2D mammographic images analogous to digital mammography and contrast-enhanced recombined images that allow assessment of neovascularity similar to that offered by MRI. The utilization of CEM in the United States is currently low but could increase rapidly given the many potential indications for its clinical use.

Financing Community Services in the United States: Results of a Nationwide Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Braddock, David; And Others

1987-01-01

Results of an analysis of state-federal expenditures for community services between Fiscal Years 1977 and 1984 are summarized. Important trends identified include rapid real economic growth in total nationwide community spending, in federal Intermediate Care Facility for the Mentally Retarded reimbursements, and in funds derived from state-source…

Emerging Infections: Microbial Threats to Health in the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

change in the U.S. public health system since the release of that report. The recent rapid increases in the incidence of measles and tuberculosis are...estimnated $3 to _S4 in savings: these savings increase dramatically when the cost of’ reatiniz multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is factored inl. We also...McNeill. 1976). Plague infection is now en/ootic in much of the rodent population in the western United States, Mexico . and Canada. Thanks to modern

Building a Partnership between the United States and India: Exploring Airpower’s Potential

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

increasing, it is incumbent upon both the Indian and American leadership to find cost -effective, nonkinetic means of de- fending their interests in the...Partnership between the United States and India Feature India’s military power without necessarily upping the ante. Given the IAF’s budgetary constraints...deploy rapidly to locations around the world, the USAF is undoubtedly America’s best tool for supplying immediate assistance. These low- cost missions are

The National Military Strategy of the United States of America 2015: The United States Military’s Contribution to National Security

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

are amplified by shifting demographics. Youth populations are rapidly growing in Africa and the Middle East, regions that face resource shortages...fear in opponents and generate support for their causes. They use improvised explosive devices (IED), suicide vests, and tailored cyber tools to...our security relationship with India and build upon our partnerships with New Zealand, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia , Vietnam, and Bangladesh. Such

Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape

PubMed Central

Lawler, Joshua J.; McRae, Brad H.; Nuñez, Tristan A.; Theobald, David M.

2016-01-01

The contiguous United States contains a disconnected patchwork of natural lands. This fragmentation by human activities limits species’ ability to track suitable climates as they rapidly shift. However, most models that project species movement needs have not examined where fragmentation will limit those movements. Here, we quantify climate connectivity, the capacity of landscape configuration to allow species movement in the face of dynamically shifting climate. Using this metric, we assess to what extent habitat fragmentation will limit species movements in response to climate change. We then evaluate how creating corridors to promote climate connectivity could potentially mitigate these restrictions, and we assess where strategies to increase connectivity will be most beneficial. By analyzing fragmentation patterns across the contiguous United States, we demonstrate that only 41% of natural land area retains enough connectivity to allow plants and animals to maintain climatic parity as the climate warms. In the eastern United States, less than 2% of natural area is sufficiently connected. Introducing corridors to facilitate movement through human-dominated regions increases the percentage of climatically connected natural area to 65%, with the most impactful gains in low-elevation regions, particularly in the southeastern United States. These climate connectivity analyses allow ecologists and conservation practitioners to determine the most effective regions for increasing connectivity. More importantly, our findings demonstrate that increasing climate connectivity is critical for allowing species to track rapidly changing climates, reconfiguring habitats to promote access to suitable climates. PMID:27298349

Achieving climate connectivity in a fragmented landscape.

PubMed

McGuire, Jenny L; Lawler, Joshua J; McRae, Brad H; Nuñez, Tristan A; Theobald, David M

2016-06-28

The contiguous United States contains a disconnected patchwork of natural lands. This fragmentation by human activities limits species' ability to track suitable climates as they rapidly shift. However, most models that project species movement needs have not examined where fragmentation will limit those movements. Here, we quantify climate connectivity, the capacity of landscape configuration to allow species movement in the face of dynamically shifting climate. Using this metric, we assess to what extent habitat fragmentation will limit species movements in response to climate change. We then evaluate how creating corridors to promote climate connectivity could potentially mitigate these restrictions, and we assess where strategies to increase connectivity will be most beneficial. By analyzing fragmentation patterns across the contiguous United States, we demonstrate that only 41% of natural land area retains enough connectivity to allow plants and animals to maintain climatic parity as the climate warms. In the eastern United States, less than 2% of natural area is sufficiently connected. Introducing corridors to facilitate movement through human-dominated regions increases the percentage of climatically connected natural area to 65%, with the most impactful gains in low-elevation regions, particularly in the southeastern United States. These climate connectivity analyses allow ecologists and conservation practitioners to determine the most effective regions for increasing connectivity. More importantly, our findings demonstrate that increasing climate connectivity is critical for allowing species to track rapidly changing climates, reconfiguring habitats to promote access to suitable climates.

Evaluation of transit signal priority strategies for bus rapid transit project on 3500 South Street in Salt Lake County, UT.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-07-01

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is becoming one of the most popular transit services in the United States. BRT is a viable option for many cities and can offer commuters travel times comparable to those experienced in private cars. With about 100 miles of BR...

A Tri-Country Marketing Project--Preparing Students for the Realities of a Global Marketplace

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, Ina; Knight, Peter; Butt, Irfan

2011-01-01

With rapidly increasing globalization, business students are required to understand complex global markets and adapt to the rapid changes in the global landscape. This paper discusses a project where students from International Marketing courses in Pakistan, the United States, and France used an interactive platform as a base to jointly explore…

Science You Can Use Bulletin: Toadflax stem miners and gallers: The original weed whackers

Treesearch

Megan Matonis; Sharlene E. Sing; Sarah Ward; Marie F. S. Turner; David Weaver; Ivo Tosevski; Andre Gassmann; Patrice Bouchard

2014-01-01

Dalmatian and yellow toadflax are aesthetically pleasing weeds wreaking havoc in rangelands across the western United States. These non-native forbs spread rapidly into fields following fire, tilling, construction, or other disturbances. They are successful and stubborn invaders, producing massive quantities of seeds each year and rapidly re-sprouting from root...

Mining Available Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency to Support Rapid Life Cycle Inventory Modeling of Chemical Manufacturing

EPA Science Inventory

Demands for quick and accurate life cycle assessments create a need for methods to rapidly generate reliable life cycle inventories (LCI). Data mining is a suitable tool for this purpose, especially given the large amount of available governmental data. These data are typically a...

Paramilitary Culture.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gibson, James William

1989-01-01

Identifies the movie, "Rambo," and "Soldier of Fortune" magazine as artifacts of "paramilitary culture." Contends that they are a social phenomenon which helps legitimate the United States government's rapid escalation of military forces. (MS)

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF "STAGNATION CURVES" FOR LEAD AND COPPER, AND WATER QUALITY FACTORS AFFECTING THEM

EPA Science Inventory

"Stagnation curves" are the response of metal levels, particularly lead and copper, to time under conditions of no water flow. Research on lead pipe in the early 1980's in the United States, Germany, and in the United Kingdom suggested that they were characterized by rapid incre...

Trends in Medicaid Reimbursements for Insulin From 1991 Through 2014.

PubMed

Luo, Jing; Avorn, Jerry; Kesselheim, Aaron S

2015-10-01

Insulin is a vital medicine for patients with diabetes mellitus. Newer, more expensive insulin products and the lack of generic insulins in the United States have increased costs for patients and insurers. To examine Medicaid payment trends for insulin products. Cost information is available for all 50 states and has been recorded since the 1990s. A time-series analysis comparing reimbursements and prices. Using state- and national-level Medicaid data from 1991 to 2014, we identified all patients who used 1 or more of the 16 insulin products that were continuously available in the United States between 2006 and 2014. Insulin products were classified into rapid-acting and long-acting analogs, short-acting, intermediate, and premixed insulins based on American Diabetes Association Guidelines. Inflation-adjusted payments made to pharmacies by Medicaid per 1 mL (100 IU) of insulin in 2014 US dollars. Since 1991, Medicaid reimbursement per unit (1 mL) of insulin dispensed has risen steadily. In the 1990s, Medicaid reimbursed pharmacies between $2.36 and $4.43 per unit. By 2014, reimbursement for short-acting insulins increased to $9.64 per unit; intermediate, $9.22; premixed, $14.79; and long-acting, $19.78. Medicaid reimbursement for rapid-acting insulin analogs rose to $19.81 per unit. The rate of increase in reimbursement was higher for insulins with patent protection ($0.20 per quarter) than without ($0.05 per quarter) (P<.001).Total Medicaid reimbursements peaked at $407.4 million dollars in quarter 2 of 2014. Total volume peaked at 29.9 million units in quarter 4 of 2005 and was 21.2 million units in quarter 2 of 2014. Between 1991 and 2014, there was a near-exponential upward trend in Medicaid payments on a per-unit basis for a wide variety of insulin products regardless of formulation, duration of action, and whether the product was patented. Although reimbursements for newer, patent-protected insulin analogs increased at a faster rate than reimbursements for older insulins, payments increased for all products we examined. Our findings suggest a lack of price competition in the United States for this class of medications.

Perceived Expectations for Acculturation: The Transitioning of Hispanics into Southern Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Archuleta, Adrian J.

2011-01-01

Hispanics are a rapidly growing population that has sought resettlement in nontraditional locations across the United States. Movement in and out of cultural homogeneous communities has implications for an individual's perceived expectations for cultural change. Hispanics (N = 10) in two Southern states were asked questions using semi-structured…

The U.S.-Moroccan Agreement and Its Implications for U.S. Rapid Deployment Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-01

DATE MAR 1983 2 . REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED 00-00-1983 to 00-00-1983 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The U.S.-Moroccan Agreement and Its Implications for...SUMMARY iv PART I. THE 1982 AGREEMENT BETWEEN MOROCCO AND THE UNITED STATES 2 Historical Background on U.S.-Morocco Relations 2 The 1982 Agreement 3 PART II...of Moroccan air bases may . iave some limitations. Scenarios under which the United States would be denied use of Spanish or Portuguese bases—which

Merging science and management in a rapidly changing world: Biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago III and 7th Conference on Research and Resource Management in the Southwestern Deserts; 2012 May 1-5; Tucson, AZ

Treesearch

Gerald J. Gottfried; Peter F. Ffolliott; Brooke S. Gebow; Lane G. Eskew; Loa C. Collins

2013-01-01

The Madrean Archipelago or Sky Islands region of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico is recognized for its unique biological diversity, natural beauty, and cultural heritage. This 2012 conference brought together scientists, managers, students, and other interested parties from the United States and Mexico to share their knowledge and passion about the...

High Frontier: The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 2, Number 4, August 2006

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-08-01

among nations. With the information revolution, globalization has sped economic disparity and rapid cultural changes that have forced the United States...at every level to react to any Chinese move that puts targets from economic targets to military forces at risk of at- tack.12 The United States...Support Program (DSP) has been a model of war-fight- ing effectiveness for decades and exceeded all expectations, but its life span is not infinite. As

Mapping Natech risk due to earthquakes using RAPID-N

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Girgin, Serkan; Krausmann, Elisabeth

2013-04-01

Natural hazard-triggered technological accidents (so-called Natech accidents) at hazardous installations are an emerging risk with possibly serious consequences due to the potential for release of hazardous materials, fires or explosions. For the reduction of Natech risk, one of the highest priority needs is the identification of Natech-prone areas and the systematic assessment of Natech risks. With hardly any Natech risk maps existing within the EU the European Commission's Joint Research Centre has developed a Natech risk analysis and mapping tool called RAPID-N, that estimates the overall risk of natural-hazard impact to industrial installations and its possible consequences. The results are presented as risk summary reports and interactive risk maps which can be used for decision making. Currently, RAPID-N focuses on Natech risk due to earthquakes at industrial installations. However, it will be extended to also analyse and map Natech risk due to floods in the near future. The RAPID-N methodology is based on the estimation of on-site natural hazard parameters, use of fragility curves to determine damage probabilities of plant units for various damage states, and the calculation of spatial extent, severity, and probability of Natech events potentially triggered by the natural hazard. The methodology was implemented as a web-based risk assessment and mapping software tool which allows easy data entry, rapid local or regional risk assessment and mapping. RAPID-N features an innovative property estimation framework to calculate on-site natural hazard parameters, industrial plant and plant unit characteristics, and hazardous substance properties. Custom damage states and fragility curves can be defined for different types of plant units. Conditional relationships can be specified between damage states and Natech risk states, which describe probable Natech event scenarios. Natech consequences are assessed using a custom implementation of U.S. EPA's Risk Management Program (RMP) Guidance for Offsite Consequence Analysis methodology. This custom implementation is based on the property estimation framework and allows the easy modification of model parameters and the substitution of equations with alternatives. RAPID-N can be applied at different stages of the Natech risk management process: It allows on the one hand the analysis of hypothetical Natech scenarios to prevent or prepare for a Natech accident by supporting land-use and emergency planning. On the other hand, once a natural disaster occurs RAPID-N can be used for rapidly locating facilities with potential Natech accident damage based on actual natural-hazard information. This provides a means to warn the population in the vicinity of the facilities in a timely manner. This presentation will introduce the specific features of RAPID-N and show the use of the tool by application to a case-study area.

Blue Horizons IV: Deterrence in the Age of Surprise

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-01-01

technologies. It posits that the result of rapid advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology , directed energy, space, computers and communications...nanotechnology, and biotechnology . Each of these poses the risk of catastrophic attack to the United States, its citizens, and its infrastructure. Deterring...of advanced and potentially dangerous technologies. It posits that the result of rapid advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology , directed energy

76 FR 11965 - Peroxyacetic Acid; Amendment to an Exemption From the Requirement of a Tolerance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-04

... of PAA PAA degrades rapidly to AA and HP, and HP further degrades to water and oxygen; therefore, the final degradation products of PAA are AA, water, and oxygen. As stated in Unit II., section 408(a)(3... concluded that, since HP itself degrades rapidly into oxygen and water, residues of a solution that contains...

Rapid Crop Cover Mapping for the Conterminous United States.

PubMed

Dahal, Devendra; Wylie, Bruce; Howard, Danny

2018-06-05

Timely crop cover maps with sufficient resolution are important components to various environmental planning and research applications. Through the modification and use of a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was originally developed to generate historical annual crop cover maps, we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated rapidly during the growing season. Through a process of incrementally removing weekly and monthly independent variables from the CCM and implementing a 'two model mapping' approach, we found it viable to generate conterminous United States-wide rapid crop cover maps at a resolution of 250 m for the current year by the month of September. In this approach, we divided the CCM model into one 'crop type model' to handle the classification of nine specific crops and a second, binary model to classify the presence or absence of 'other' crops. Under the two model mapping approach, the training errors were 0.8% and 1.5% for the crop type and binary model, respectively, while test errors were 5.5% and 6.4%, respectively. With spatial mapping accuracies for annual maps reaching upwards of 70%, this approach demonstrated a strong potential for generating rapid crop cover maps by the 1 st of September.

Model projections of rapid sea-level rise on the northeast coast of the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, Jianjun; Schlesinger, Michael E.; Stouffer, Ronald J.

2009-04-01

Human-induced climate change could cause global sea-level rise. Through the dynamic adjustment of the sea surface in response to a possible slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, a warming climate could also affect regional sea levels, especially in the North Atlantic region, leading to high vulnerability for low-lying Florida and western Europe. Here we analyse climate projections from a set of state-of-the-art climate models for such regional changes, and find a rapid dynamical rise in sea level on the northeast coast of the United States during the twenty-first century. For New York City, the rise due to ocean circulation changes amounts to 15, 20 and 21cm for scenarios with low, medium and high rates of emissions respectively, at a similar magnitude to expected global thermal expansion. Analysing one of the climate models in detail, we find that a dynamic, regional rise in sea level is induced by a weakening meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean, and superimposed on the global mean sea-level rise. We conclude that together, future changes in sea level and ocean circulation will have a greater effect on the heavily populated northeastern United States than estimated previously.

Model Projections of Rapid Sea-Level Rise on the Northeast Coast of the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yin, J.; Schlesinger, M.; Stouffer, R. J.

2009-12-01

Human-induced climate change could cause global sea-level rise. Through the dynamic adjustment of the sea surface in response to a possible slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, a warming climate could also affect regional sea levels, especially in the North Atlantic region, leading to high vulnerability for low-lying Florida and western Europe. In the present study, we analyse climate projections from a set of state-of-the-art climate models for such regional changes, and find a rapid dynamical rise in sea level on the northeast coast of the United States during the twenty-first century. For New York City, the rise due to ocean circulation changes amounts to 15, 20 and 21 cm for scenarios with low, medium and high rates of emissions respectively, at a similar magnitude to expected global thermal expansion. Analysing one of the climate models in detail, we find that a dynamic, regional rise in sea level is induced by a weakening meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean, and superimposed on the global mean sea level rise. We conclude that together, future changes in sea level and ocean circulation will have a greater effect on the heavily populated northeastern United States than estimated previously.

The Littlest Historians: Early Years Programming in History Museums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leftwich, Mariruth; Haywood, Clare

2016-01-01

Working with children under five years old and the adults that accompany them is a rapidly growing area within the museum and wider cultural sector, with important emphasis being placed on early learning in both the United Kingdom and United States. For history museums in particular, early learning offers a unique set of questions and challenges,…

OCCASIONAL PAPERS ON PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION, I. PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IN OTHER COUNTRIES.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

SCHRAMM, W.; AND OTHERS

REPORTS WERE PRESENTED ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND STATE-OF-THE-ART OF PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, JAPAN, FRANCE, AND THE SOVIET UNION. KENNETH AUSTWICK, UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD, HIGHLIGHTS THE PICTURE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM WHERE INTEREST HAS GROWN RAPIDLY SINCE 1961. THE AUTHOR POINTS OUT THAT PERHAPS THE MOST EXCITING WORK IS BEING…

SeaWiFS: Western North American Smoke

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

In this SeaWiFS image captured on August 16, 2001, smoke from several wildfires is clearly visible over the Western United States and Canada. Credit: Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team

Unstable slope management program.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-08-01

This Rapid Response Project gathered information on existing unstable slope management programs, with a : focus on asset management practices in the United States and overseas. On the basis of this study, the research : team summarized and recommende...

Latinas in College: "Contra Viento y Marea" (Against Winds and Tides)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Diaz De Sabates, Gabriela

2007-01-01

With the rapid demographic changes in the United States in general and in the state of Kansas in particular, educational institutions are challenged with a gigantic task: to educate a very diverse population with multifaceted linguistic and cultural backgrounds, needs, and challenges that is growing exponentially. To illustrate this demographic…

Mile-a-minute weed in the northeast

Treesearch

Larry H. McCormick; C. Fagan Johnson

1998-01-01

Mile-a-minute, Polygonum perfoliatum L., is an introduced weed from eastern Asia that is rapidly colonizing non-crop areas in Pennsylvania and surrounding states. Since its introduction into the United States, in south-central Pennsylvania, in the 1930s, the mile-a-minute weed has spread to other regions of Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New...

A National Primer on K-12 Online Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watson, John F.

2007-01-01

Online learning is growing rapidly across the United States within all levels of education, as more and more students and educators become familiar with the benefits of learning unconstrained by time and place. Across most states and all grade levels, students are finding increased opportunity, flexibility, and convenience through online learning.…

The Ethics of Rationing of Critical Care Services: Should Technology Assessment Play a Role?

PubMed Central

Bloomfield, Eric L.

2009-01-01

The costs of health care continue to increase rapidly and steeply in the United States. One area of great expense is that of intensive care units (ICUs). The causes of inflation have not been addressed effectively. ICU resources could become stretched such that they may no longer be available. This paper discusses some of the ethics and concerns behind decision making when providing ICU services in the United States. In particular, the use of electronic records with decision making tools, risk-analysis methods, and documentation of patient wishes for extraordinary care may help with better utilization of resources in the future. PMID:20798878

Necessary for Success: Building Mastery of World-Class Skills--A State Policymakers Guide to Competency Education. CompetencyWorks Issue Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patrick, Susan; Sturgis, Chris

2013-01-01

After two decades of major education reforms without seeing major gains for low-income students, state leadership is coming to the conclusion that there is something inherently wrong with America's K-12 system. States have called into question the time-based system built around the Carnegie unit and are now rapidly advancing an alternative. By…

Obesity and excess mortality among the elderly in the United States and Mexico.

PubMed

Monteverde, Malena; Noronha, Kenya; Palloni, Alberto; Novak, Beatriz

2010-02-01

Increasing levels of obesity could compromise future gains in life expectancy in low- and high-income countries. Although excess mortality associated with obesity and, more generally, higher levels of body mass index (BAI) have been investigated in the United States, there is little research about the impact of obesity on mortality in Latin American countries, where very the rapid rate of growth of prevalence of obesity and overweight occur jointly with poor socioeconomic conditions. The aim of this article is to assess the magnitude of excess mortality due to obesity and overweight in Mexico and the United States. For this purpose, we take advantage of two comparable data sets: the Health and Retirement Study 2000 and 2004 for the United States, and the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2001 and 2003 for Mexico. We find higher excess mortality risks among obese and overweight individuals aged 60 and older in Mexico than in the United States. Yet, when analyzing excess mortality among different socioeconomic strata, we observe greater gaps by education in the United States than in Mexico. We also find that although the probability of experiencing obesity-related chronic diseases among individuals with high BMI is larger for the U.S. elderly, the relative risk of dying conditional on experiencing these diseases is higher in Mexico.

Development of A Dust Climate Indicator for the US National Climate Assessment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tong, D.; Wang, J. X. L.; Gill, T. E.; Van Pelt, S.; Kim, D.

2016-12-01

Dust activity is a relatively simple but practical indicator to document the response of dryland ecosystems to climate change, making it an integral part of the National Climate Assessment (NCA). We present here a multi-agency collaboration that aims at developing a suite of dust climate indicators to document and monitor the long-term variability and trend of dust storm activity in the western United States. Recent dust observations have revealed rapid intensification of dust storm activity in the western United States. This trend is also closely correlated with a rapid increase in dust deposition in rainwater and "valley fever" hospitalization in southwestern states. It remains unclear, however, if such a trend, when enhanced by predicted warming and rainfall oscillation in the Southwest, will result in irreversible environmental development such as desertification or even another "Dust Bowl". Based on continuous ground aerosol monitoring, we have reconstructed a long-term dust storm climatology in the western United States. We report here direct evidence of rapid intensification of dust storm activity over US deserts in the past decades (1990 to 2013), in contrast to the decreasing trends in Asia and Africa. The US trend is spatially and temporally correlated with incidences of valley fever, an infectious disease caused by soil-dwelling fungus that has increased eight-fold in the past decade. We further investigate the linkage between dust variations and possible climate drivers and find that the regional dust trends are likely driven by large-scale variations of sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean, with the strongest correlation with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Future study will explore the link between the temporal and spatial trends of increase in dustiness and vegetation change in southwestern semi-arid and arid ecosystems.

The Deep Fried South: A Literary Analysis of Nutritional Knowledge of Students and Adults in Alabama

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holden, Shelley L.; Norrell, Phillip M.

2014-01-01

Obesity is a major concern in the United States because of its rapid rate of increase. In 2000, there was no state that had a prevalence of obesity of less than 10% and by 2010 there was no state that had a prevalence of obesity of less than 20% and 12 states reported an obesity rate equal to or greater than 30% (National Center for Health…

Price competition and hospital cost growth in the United States (1989-1994).

PubMed

Bamezai, A; Zwanziger, J; Melnick, G A; Mann, J M

1999-05-01

In recent years, most health care markets in the United States (US) have experienced rapid penetration by health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and preferred provider organizations (PPOs). During this same period, the US has also experienced slowing health care costs. Using a national database, we demonstrate that HMOs and PPOs have significantly restrained cost growth among hospitals located in competitive hospital markets, but not so in the case of hospitals located in relatively concentrated markets. In relative terms, we estimate that HMOs have contained cost growth more effectively than PPOs.

A new role for the ACNP: the rapid response team leader.

PubMed

Morse, Kate J; Warshawsky, Deborah; Moore, Jacqueline M; Pecora, Denise C

2006-01-01

The implementation of a rapid response team or medical emergency team is 1 of the 6 initiatives of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's 100,000 Lives Campaign with the goal to reduce the number of cardiopulmonary arrests outside the intensive care unit and inpatient mortality rates. The concept of RRT was pioneered in Australia and is now being implemented in many hospitals across the United States. This article reviews the current literature and describes the implementation of an RRT in a community hospital. The first-quarter data after implementation are described. The unique role of the acute care nurse practitioner in this hospital's model is described.

Medical Device Regulation: A Comparison of the United States and the European Union.

PubMed

Maak, Travis G; Wylie, James D

2016-08-01

Medical device regulation is a controversial topic in both the United States and the European Union. Many physicians and innovators in the United States cite a restrictive US FDA regulatory process as the reason for earlier and more rapid clinical advances in Europe. The FDA approval process mandates that a device be proved efficacious compared with a control or be substantially equivalent to a predicate device, whereas the European Union approval process mandates that the device perform its intended function. Stringent, peer-reviewed safety data have not been reported. However, after recent high-profile device failures, political pressure in both the United States and the European Union has favored more restrictive approval processes. Substantial reforms of the European Union process within the next 5 to 10 years will result in a more stringent approach to device regulation, similar to that of the FDA. Changes in the FDA regulatory process have been suggested but are not imminent.

Organizations working with Latina immigrants : resources and strategies for change.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2011-01-01

Over the last several decades, the immigrant population in the United States has experienced : rapid growth, particularly among new immigrants from Latin America. This increase : in migration has significantly altered the social and economic landscap...

Changes in the Mechanisms Causing Rapid Drought Cessation in the Southeastern United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maxwell, Justin T.; Knapp, Paul A.; Ortegren, Jason T.; Ficklin, Darren L.; Soulé, Peter T.

2017-12-01

The synoptic processes that end droughts are poorly understood, yet have significant climatological implications. Here we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of rapid drought cessation (RDC) in the southeastern United States during the1979-2013 warm season (April-November) for three storm types: Frontal, Tropical, and Air mass. We defined RDC as a 1 month shift in soil moisture sufficient to alleviate an existing drought. We found that 73% of all warm-season droughts were ended by RDC events and the three storm-type groups ended droughts over similar spatial areas. Frontal storms were the most frequent mechanism for RDC events, yet their occurrences significantly decreased and were negatively related to increases in Northern Hemisphere air temperatures. Projected future warming in the Northern Hemisphere suggests a continued decline in the frequency and relative contribution of Frontal storms as RDC events, potentially influencing the timing and spatial scale of drought cessation in the southeastern U.S.

Dumbo heavy lifter aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riester, Peter; Ellis, Colleen; Wagner, Michael; Orren, Scott; Smith, Byron; Skelly, Michael; Zgraggen, Craig; Webber, Matt

1992-01-01

The world is rapidly changing from one with two military superpowers, with which most countries were aligned, to one with many smaller military powers. In this environment, the United States cannot depend on the availability of operating bases from which to respond to crises requiring military intervention. Several studies (e.g. the SAB Global Reach, Global Power Study) have indicated an increased need to be able to rapidly transport large numbers of troops and equipment from the continental United States to potential trouble spots throughout the world. To this end, a request for proposals (RFP) for the concept design of a large aircraft capable of 'projecting' a significant military force without reliance on surface transportation was developed. These design requirements are: minimum payload of 400,000 pounds at 2.5 g maneuver load factor; minimum unfueled range of 6,000 nautical miles; and aircraft must operate from existing domestic air bases and use existing airbases or sites of opportunity at the destination.

Rapid growth of the US wildland-urban interface raises wildfire risk.

PubMed

Radeloff, Volker C; Helmers, David P; Kramer, H Anu; Mockrin, Miranda H; Alexandre, Patricia M; Bar-Massada, Avi; Butsic, Van; Hawbaker, Todd J; Martinuzzi, Sebastián; Syphard, Alexandra D; Stewart, Susan I

2018-03-27

The wildland-urban interface (WUI) is the area where houses and wildland vegetation meet or intermingle, and where wildfire problems are most pronounced. Here we report that the WUI in the United States grew rapidly from 1990 to 2010 in terms of both number of new houses (from 30.8 to 43.4 million; 41% growth) and land area (from 581,000 to 770,000 km 2 ; 33% growth), making it the fastest-growing land use type in the conterminous United States. The vast majority of new WUI areas were the result of new housing (97%), not related to an increase in wildland vegetation. Within the perimeter of recent wildfires (1990-2015), there were 286,000 houses in 2010, compared with 177,000 in 1990. Furthermore, WUI growth often results in more wildfire ignitions, putting more lives and houses at risk. Wildfire problems will not abate if recent housing growth trends continue.

Adjusting to the Growing Impact of Latinos on Indiana Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strietelmeier, Curtiss A.

2010-01-01

Over the last 15 years, the Latino population has expanded at a rapid pace in the United States. This national trend has been mirrored in Indiana. As a result, school districts within the state have developed structures and supports for the growing number of Latino students arriving in their schools. This study highlights some programs developed…

The Shock of the Old--The Militant Church and Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, Roger

Accelerated Christian Education (ACE) schools, which provide an alternative to state-supported and other church schools, began in the United States, but their growth in Australia has been rapid. In 1977, there was only one ACE school in Australia, but by 1982 there were 10. The schools, which are committed to Christian fundamentalism, are run by…

A tool for rapid post-hurricane urban tree debris estimates using high resolution aerial imagery

Treesearch

Zoltan Szantoi; Sparkle L Malone; Francisco Escobedo; Orlando Misas; Scot Smith; Bon Dewitt

2012-01-01

Coastal communities in the southeast United States have regularly experienced severe hurricane impacts. To better facilitate recovery efforts in these communities following natural disasters, state and federal agencies must respond quickly with information regarding the extent and severity of hurricane damage and the amount of tree debris volume. A tool was developed...

Regional patterns of major nonnative invasive plants and associated factors in upper Midwest forests

Treesearch

Zhaofei Fan; W. Keith Moser; Mark H. Hansen; Mark D. Nelson

2013-01-01

Nonnative invasive plants (IPs) are rapidly spreading into natural ecosystems (e.g., forests and grasslands). Potential threats of IP invasion into natural ecosystems include biodiversity loss, structural and environmental change, habitat degradation, and economic losses. The Upper Midwest of the United States encompasses the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan...

The aspen mortality summit; December 18 and 19, 2006; Salt Lake City, UT

Treesearch

Dale L. Bartos; Wayne D. Shepperd

2010-01-01

The USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station sponsored an aspen summit meeting in Salt Lake City, Utah, on December 18 and19, 2006, to discuss the rapidly increasing mortality of aspen (Populus tremuloides) throughout the western United States. Selected scientists, university faculty, and managers from Federal, State, and non-profit agencies with experience...

Synchrony, Waves, and Spatial Hierarchies in the Spread of Influenza

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viboud, Cécile; Bjørnstad, Ottar N.; Smith, David L.; Simonsen, Lone; Miller, Mark A.; Grenfell, Bryan T.

2006-04-01

Quantifying long-range dissemination of infectious diseases is a key issue in their dynamics and control. Here, we use influenza-related mortality data to analyze the between-state progression of interpandemic influenza in the United States over the past 30 years. Outbreaks show hierarchical spatial spread evidenced by higher pairwise synchrony between more populous states. Seasons with higher influenza mortality are associated with higher disease transmission and more rapid spread than are mild ones. The regional spread of infection correlates more closely with rates of movement of people to and from their workplaces (workflows) than with geographical distance. Workflows are described in turn by a gravity model, with a rapid decay of commuting up to around 100 km and a long tail of rare longer range flow. A simple epidemiological model, based on the gravity formulation, captures the observed increase of influenza spatial synchrony with transmissibility; high transmission allows influenza to spread rapidly beyond local spatial constraints.

Rapid growth of the US wildland-urban interface raises wildfire risk

Treesearch

Volker C. Radeloff; David P. Helmers; H. Anu Kramer; Miranda H. Mockrin; Patricia M. Alexandre; Avi Bar-Massada; Van Butsic; Todd J. Hawbaker; Sebastián Martinuzzi; Alexandra D. Syphard; Susan I. Stewart

2018-01-01

The wildland-urban interface (WUI) is the area where houses and wildland vegetation meet or intermingle, and where wildfire problems are most pronounced. Here we report that the WUI in the United States grew rapidly from 1990 to 2010 in terms of both number of new houses (from 30.8 to 43.4 million; 41% growth) and land area (from 581,000 to 770,000 km2...

Training and Educating Army Officers for the 21st Century: Implications for the United States Military Academy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-03-11

Characteristics of Active Learning 24 Vll Vlll The world is facing a paradigm shift as we enter an Information Age characterized by rapid change...general, their teaching philosophy is 22 rapidly moving toward promoting active learning through stimulating student/faculty intellectual interaction...College Teaching, November 1995. Similarly, characteristics of active learning are emphasized (Table 2) .55 These types of active learning strategies

Rapid crop cover mapping for the conterminous United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Dahal, Devendra; Wylie, Bruce K.; Howard, Daniel

2018-01-01

Timely crop cover maps with sufficient resolution are important components to various environmental planning and research applications. Through the modification and use of a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was originally developed to generate historical annual crop cover maps, we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated rapidly during the growing season. Through a process of incrementally removing weekly and monthly independent variables from the CCM and implementing a ‘two model mapping’ approach, we found it viable to generate conterminous United States-wide rapid crop cover maps at a resolution of 250 m for the current year by the month of September. In this approach, we divided the CCM model into one ‘crop type model’ to handle the classification of nine specific crops and a second, binary model to classify the presence or absence of ‘other’ crops. Under the two model mapping approach, the training errors were 0.8% and 1.5% for the crop type and binary model, respectively, while test errors were 5.5% and 6.4%, respectively. With spatial mapping accuracies for annual maps reaching upwards of 70%, this approach demonstrated a strong potential for generating rapid crop cover maps by the 1st of September.

Could Values and Social Structures in Singapore Facilitate Attainment of Patient-Focused, Cultural, and Linguistic Competency Standards in a Patient-Centered Medical Home Pilot?

PubMed Central

Shih, Jenny A; Shiow, Sue-Anne Toh Ee; Wee, Hwee-Lin

2015-01-01

Primary care practices in the United States are transforming into patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) at a rapid pace. Newer PCMH standards have emphasized culturally and linguistically appropriate services (CLAS), but at this time, only some states in the United States have proposed or passed cultural competency training for health care professionals. Other countries are moving to PCMH models. Singapore, a small, ethnically diverse island nation, has national values and social structures that emphasize cultural and linguistic cohesion. In this piece, we examine Singapore’s first PCMH pilot with a national academic center and primary care practice group. Features such as common shared values, self-reliance, racial and religious harmony, patient experience surveillance, and incorporation of CLAS standards in routine health care transactions may predict success for the PCMH in Singapore, with some implications for the United States. PMID:28725822

Some implications of changing patterns of mineral consumption

USGS Publications Warehouse

Menzie, W. David; DeYoung,, John H.; Steblez, Walter G.

2003-01-01

DeYoung and Menzie (1999) examined the relations among population, Gross Domestic Product, and mineral consumption (aluminum, cement, copper, and salt) for Japan, Korea, and the United States between 1965 and 1995. They noted the extremely rapid growth of consumption in Korea between 1975 and 1995. Concomitantly, Korea's population growth rate declined. This paper extends that earlier work by examining patterns of consumption of these same commodities in the twenty most populous countries for the period 1970 through 1995. Developed countries, such as France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, show patterns of consumption that are stable (cement, copper, and salt) or grow slowly (aluminum). Some developing countries, including China, Thailand, and Turkey, show more rapid growth of consumption, especially of cement, copper, and aluminum. These changing patterns of mineral consumption in developing countries have important implications -- if they continue, there could be major increases in world mineral consumption and major increases in environmental residuals from mineral production and use. If China reaches the level of consumption of copper of developed countries, world consumption could reach levels more than twice that of 1995 (10.5 million tons).

Rapid assessment of U.S. forest and soil organic carbon storage and forest biomass carbon-sequestration capacity

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sundquist, Eric T.; Ackerman, Katherine V.; Bliss, Norman B.; Kellndorfer, Josef M.; Reeves, Matt C.; Rollins, Matthew G.

2009-01-01

This report provides results of a rapid assessment of biological carbon stocks and forest biomass carbon sequestration capacity in the conterminous United States. Maps available from the U.S. Department of Agriculture are used to calculate estimates of current organic carbon storage in soils (73 petagrams of carbon, or PgC) and forest biomass (17 PgC). Of these totals, 3.5 PgC of soil organic carbon and 0.8 PgC of forest biomass carbon occur on lands managed by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI). Maps of potential vegetation are used to estimate hypothetical forest biomass carbon sequestration capacities that are 3–7 PgC higher than current forest biomass carbon storage in the conterminous United States. Most of the estimated hypothetical additional forest biomass carbon sequestration capacity is accrued in areas currently occupied by agriculture and development. Hypothetical forest biomass carbon sequestration capacities calculated for existing forests and woodlands are within ±1 PgC of estimated current forest biomass carbon storage. Hypothetical forest biomass sequestration capacities on lands managed by the DOI in the conterminous United States are 0–0.4 PgC higher than existing forest biomass carbon storage. Implications for forest and other land management practices are not considered in this report. Uncertainties in the values reported here are large and difficult to quantify, particularly for hypothetical carbon sequestration capacities. Nevertheless, this rapid assessment helps to frame policy and management discussion by providing estimates that can be compared to amounts necessary to reduce predicted future atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

Soft Means and Hard Ends: Assessing Hugo Chavez’s Efforts to Counter United States’ Preponderance

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

countless proofreading’s, during all my studies at the Naval Postgraduate School insured my success in this journey. Thank you for keeping my eyes on the... Germany , India, and Japan.19 Third-tier states represent those states not capable of engaging in traditional balancing techniques (such as... Germany and Japan are not nuclear states; however, their industrial and economic base would allow for rapid development and hence nuclear potential. 20

Conference proceedings of the Northeast Autonomous Vehicle Summit.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-05-24

The development of autonomous vehicle technology and potential adoption of autonomous vehicles is occurring at a rapid rate in the United States. As this technology evolves, there are many technical, logistical and legal issues that need to be addres...

Geothermal Technologies Program - Geothermal Energy: Putting Creative Ideas to Work (Green Jobs)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

2010-06-01

Rapid expansion of U.S. geothermal capacity is opening new job opportunities across the nation. With more than 3,000 megawatts (MW) already installed, the United States leads the world in existing geothermal capacity.

Analyzing trade-offs between fuels management, suppression, and damages from wildfire

Treesearch

D. Evan Mercer; Robert G. Haight; Jeffrey P. Prestemon

2008-01-01

With expenditures to suppress wildfires in the United States increasing rapidly during the past couple of decades, fire managers, scientists, and policy makers have begun an intense effort to develop alternative approaches to managing wildfire.

A toolkit of measures for reducing animal-vehicle collisions.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-01-01

Animal-vehicle collisions are a growing concern in terms of human safety; costs related to injury, property damage, and disposal; and the viability of wildlife populations. These collisions are rapidly increasing throughout the United States, and Vir...

BIOLOGICALLY-BASED RAPID SCREENING METHODS FOR DIOXINS IN THE UNITED STATES

EPA Science Inventory

Because of the extensive cost, in personnel, time, equipment, and money to measure dioxin-like chemicals analytically, alternative technologies have been developed to measure the integrated sum of the activity of the dioxin-like chemicals.

Performance of ultra-thin whitetopping (UTW) in Oklahoma.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-12-01

With the current level of deterioration of pavements in Oklahoma and the United States a satisfactory repai : technique that is economical and can be applied rapidly while resisting a significant volume of traffic is becomin : important. Thin concret...

HIV Testing in the United States

MedlinePlus

... health facilities ;” May 2007. ← Return to text FDA Consumer Information, “Fourth Generation HIV Diagnostic Test Approved, permitting ... HIV): Screening; ” April 2013. ← Return to text FDA Consumer Information, “First rapid diagnostic test to detect both ...

Academic Readiness Indicators: Implications for State Policy. Policy Brief 2013-1

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Di Giacomo, F. Tony; Linn, Dane; Monthey, Wanda; Pack, Catherine; Wyatt, Jeffrey

2013-01-01

In recent decades, the United States economy has undergone a dramatic shift to a knowledge-based economy that, when coupled with simultaneous, rapid globalization, has created a greater demand for a more educated and skilled workforce. The share of U.S. jobs requiring some level of postsecondary education is expected to grow to 63% in the next…

Woody regeneration in a Southern Appalachian Quercus stand following wind disturbance and salvage logging

Treesearch

Stephen D. White; Justin Hart; Lauren E. Cox; Callie J. Schweitzer

2014-01-01

In the eastern United States, the practice of salvage logging is common to reclaim economic losses and/or reduce fuel loading following a natural disturbance. A current hypothesis states that two disturbances in rapid succession (i.e., compounded disturbance) have a cumulative severity of impact and may displace the successional trajectory further than either...

Developing a methodology to predict oak wilt distribution using classification tree analysis

Treesearch

Marla C. Downing; Vernon L. Thomas; Robin M. Reich

2006-01-01

Oak wilt (Ceratocystis fagacearum), a fungal disease that causes some species of oak trees to wilt and die rapidly, is a threat to oak forested resources in 22 states in the United States. We developed a methodology for predicting the Potential Distribution of Oak Wilt (PDOW) using Anoka County, Minnesota as our study area. The PDOW utilizes GIS; the...

Psychosocial Differences Between Whites and African Americans Living With HIV/AIDS in Rural Areas of 13 U.S. States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davantes Heckman, Bernadette

2006-01-01

Context: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly in rural areas of the United States. As rural African Americans are increasingly affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it is important to identify psychosocial factors unique to this group so that AIDS mental health interventions can be culturally…

Pension Systems for Public School Teachers. Bulletin, 1927, No. 23

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Nida Pearl

1927-01-01

The development of pension systems for public-school teachers in the United States has been both recent and rapid. A beginning of their establishment was made in the latter part of the nineteenth century, and today, after 30 years, very few States are without some form of a teachers' pension system. The purpose of the present study of pension…

20 CFR 631.30 - Designation or creation and functions of a State dislocated worker unit or office, and rapid...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... provision of early intervention services and other appropriate forms of immediate assistance in response to... Governor and the State Council to assist in providing an adequate information base for effective program... workers under the NAFTA Worker Security Act for which the Governor has made a finding under § 631.3(j...

Early detection and rapid response

USGS Publications Warehouse

Westbrooks, Randy G.; Eplee, Robert E.; Simberloff, Daniel; Rejmánek, Marcel

2011-01-01

Prevention is the first line of defense against introduced invasive species - it is always preferable to prevent the introduction of new invaders into a region or country. However, it is not always possible to detect all alien hitchhikers imported in cargo, or to predict with any degree of certainty which introduced species will become invasive over time. Fortunately, the majority of introduced plants and animals don't become invasive. But, according to scientists at Cornell University, costs and losses due to species that do become invasive are now estimated to be over $137 billion/year in the United States. Early detection and rapid response (EDRR) is the second line of defense against introduced invasive species - EDRR is the preferred management strategy for preventing the establishment and spread of invasive species. Over the past 50 years, there has been a gradual shift away from large and medium scale federal/state single-agency-led weed eradication programs in the United States, to smaller interagency-led projects involving impacted and potential stakeholders. The importance of volunteer weed spotters in detecting and reporting suspected new invasive species has also been recognized in recent years.

GENERATING HIGH QUALITY IMPERVIOUS COVER DATA

EPA Science Inventory

Nonpoint source pollution (NPS) from urban/ suburban areas is rapidly increasing as the population increases in the United States. Research in recent years has consistently shown a strong relationship between the percentage of impervious cover in a drainage basin and the health...

ESTIMATING AND PROJECTING IMPERVIOUS COVER IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES

EPA Science Inventory

Urban/suburban land use is the most rapidly growing land use class. Along with increased development inevitably comes increased impervious surface--areas preventing infiltration of water into the underlying soil. The extensive hydrological alteration of watersheds associated wi...

SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE AND LAW IN THE PLATTE RIVER BASIN

EPA Science Inventory

Efficiency and resistance to rapid change are hallmarks of both the judicial and legislative branches of the United States government. These defining characteristics, while bringing stability and predictability, pose challenges when it comes to managing dynamic natural systems. A...

Debris-Flow Hazards within the Appalachian Mountains of the Eastern United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wieczorek, Gerald F.; Morgan, Benjamin A.

2008-01-01

Tropical storms, including hurricanes, often inflict major damage to property and disrupt the lives of people living in coastal areas of the Eastern United States. These storms also are capable of generating catastrophic landslides within the steep slopes of the Appalachian Mountains. Heavy rainfall from hurricanes, cloudbursts, and thunderstorms can generate rapidly moving debris flows that are among the most dangerous and damaging type of landslides. This fact sheet explores the nature and occurrence of debris flows in the central and southern Appalachian Mountains, which extend from central Pennsylvania to northern Alabama.

Hunger in America: Hearings on Hunger and Related Nutritional Issues, before the Subcommittee on Nutrition and Investigations of the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate. One Hundredth Congress, Second Session (Cedar Rapids, Iowa, January 30, 1988; Washington, D.C., March 1 and 28, 1988).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

This report presents the testimony of numerous expert witnesses who appeared at three hearings on the following topics: (1) Hunger and Related Nutritional Issues; (2) U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Assistance Programs; and (3) Domestic Hunger and Related Nutritional Issues. The following major issues were discussed: (1) the number of…

Impact on the world poultry industry of the global shift to biofuels.

PubMed

Aho, P

2007-11-01

The shift to biofuels is a worldwide phenomenon, but the most notable recent development has been the rapid increase in the production of ethanol in the United States. Ethanol production in the United States enjoys a substantial subsidy, tariff protection, and mandated use. The consequence of increasing biofuels production is to raise the cost of feed and food worldwide. Those that suffer from this policy include all consumers of food, most notably the urban poor of developing countries. Those that benefit from the policy are farmers everywhere, including farmers in developing countries.

The applications of satellites to communications, navigation and surveillance for aircraft operating over the contiguous United States

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Craigie, J. H.; Otten, D. D.; Garabedian, A.; Morrison, D. D.; MALLINCKRODT; ZIPPER

1970-01-01

The objective was to determine on a priority basis the satellite applications to communications, navigation, and surveillance requirements for aircraft operating beyond 1975 over the contiguous United States and adjacent oceanic transition regions, and to determine if and how satellite technology can meet these requirements in a reliable, efficient, and economical manner. Major results and conclusions are as follows: (1) The satellite applications of greatest importance are surveillance and rapid collision warning communications; and (2) The necessary technology is available as demonstrated by an attractive system concept.

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in the United States: Updated Estimates of Women and Girls at Risk, 2012

PubMed Central

Stupp, Paul; Okoroh, Ekwutosi; Besera, Ghenet; Goodman, David; Danel, Isabella

2016-01-01

Objectives In 1996, the U.S. Congress passed legislation making female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) illegal in the United States. CDC published the first estimates of the number of women and girls at risk for FGM/C in 1997. Since 2012, various constituencies have again raised concerns about the practice in the United States. We updated an earlier estimate of the number of women and girls in the United States who were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences. Methods We estimated the number of women and girls who were at risk for undergoing FGM/C or its consequences in 2012 by applying country-specific prevalence of FGM/C to the estimated number of women and girls living in the United States who were born in that country or who lived with a parent born in that country. Results Approximately 513,000 women and girls in the United States were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences in 2012, which was more than three times higher than the earlier estimate, based on 1990 data. The increase in the number of women and girls younger than 18 years of age at risk for FGM/C was more than four times that of previous estimates. Conclusion The estimated increase was wholly a result of rapid growth in the number of immigrants from FGM/C-practicing countries living in the United States and not from increases in FGM/C prevalence in those countries. Scientifically valid information regarding whether women or their daughters have actually undergone FGM/C and related information that can contribute to efforts to prevent the practice in the United States and provide needed health services to women who have undergone FGM/C are needed. PMID:26957669

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in the United States: Updated Estimates of Women and Girls at Risk, 2012.

PubMed

Goldberg, Howard; Stupp, Paul; Okoroh, Ekwutosi; Besera, Ghenet; Goodman, David; Danel, Isabella

2016-01-01

In 1996, the U.S. Congress passed legislation making female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) illegal in the United States. CDC published the first estimates of the number of women and girls at risk for FGM/C in 1997. Since 2012, various constituencies have again raised concerns about the practice in the United States. We updated an earlier estimate of the number of women and girls in the United States who were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences. We estimated the number of women and girls who were at risk for undergoing FGM/C or its consequences in 2012 by applying country-specific prevalence of FGM/C to the estimated number of women and girls living in the United States who were born in that country or who lived with a parent born in that country. Approximately 513,000 women and girls in the United States were at risk for FGM/C or its consequences in 2012, which was more than three times higher than the earlier estimate, based on 1990 data. The increase in the number of women and girls younger than 18 years of age at risk for FGM/C was more than four times that of previous estimates. The estimated increase was wholly a result of rapid growth in the number of immigrants from FGM/C-practicing countries living in the United States and not from increases in FGM/C prevalence in those countries. Scientifically valid information regarding whether women or their daughters have actually undergone FGM/C and related information that can contribute to efforts to prevent the practice in the United States and provide needed health services to women who have undergone FGM/C are needed.

Evidence for increasingly variable Palmer Drought Severity Index in the United States since 1895.

PubMed

Rayne, Sierra; Forest, Kaya

2016-02-15

Annual and summertime trends towards increasingly variable values of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) over a sub-decadal period (five years) were investigated within the contiguous United States between 1895 and the present. For the contiguous United States as a whole, there is a significant increasing trend in the five-year running minimum-maximum ranges for the annual PDSI (aPDSI5 yr(min|max, range)). During this time frame, the average aPDSI5 yr(min|max, range) has increased by about one full unit, indicating a substantial increase in drought variability over short time scales across the United States. The end members of the running aPDSI5 yr(min|max, range) highlight even more rapid changes in the drought index variability within the past 120 years. This increasing variability in the aPDSI5 yr(min|max, range) is driven primarily by changes taking place in the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean coastal climate regions, climate regions which collectively comprise one-third the area of the contiguous United States. Similar trends were found for the annual and summertime Palmer Hydrological Drought Index (PHDI), the Palmer Modified Drought Index (PMDI), and the Palmer Z Index (PZI). Overall, interannual drought patterns in the contiguous United States are becoming more extreme and difficult to predict, posing a challenge to agricultural and other water-resource related planning efforts. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

NHMA screening and brief intervention toolkit for the Hispanic patient

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-07-01

Alcohol consumption is the third leading cause of death in the Unites States and costs over $148 billion each year.1 Studies have shown that rapid, accurate alcohol screening instruments can detect alcohol problems in primary care settings and can po...

Phytotoxicity of antofine from invasive swallow-worts

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Pale swallow-wort (Vincetoxicum rossicum) and black swallow-wort (V. nigrum) are two emerging invasive plant species in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada that have shown rapid population expansion over the past 20 years. Using bioassay-guided fractionation, the known phytochemi...

Pervious Concrete with Titanium Dioxide as a Photocatalyst Compound for a Greener Road Environment

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-11

With the rapid development in transportation related activities and the growth of population density in urban and metropolitan area, the United States is now facing significant challenges in controlling air pollution and the associated problems in hu...

Field Evaluation of Advanced Methods of Geotechnical Instrumentation for Transit Tunneling

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1983-09-01

The construction of new rail rapid transit systems and additions to existing systems, has greatly increased the amount of tunneling performed in the United States. Since these transit systems are generally located in urban areas, tunneling is used to...

Rapid and Non-Destructive Assessment of Levees for Strength and Liquefaction Resistance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-08-15

Beginning with the first recorded levee construction in 1717 for the small village of New Orleans (Mitchell 1990), the United States levee system has been continuously adapted to respond to changing flood conditions and urban development. Although nu...

Influence of resource availability on Juniperus virginiana expansion in a forest–prairie ecotone

EPA Science Inventory

Despite being native to the United States, Juniperus virginiana has rapidly expanded in prairie ecosystems bringing detrimental ecological effects and increased wildfire risk. We transplanted J. virginiana seedlings in three plant communities to investigate mechanisms driving J. ...

RAPID CONCENTRATION OF VIRUSES FROM WATER - PHASE I

EPA Science Inventory

In the United States, several high profile outbreaks of waterborne illness during the past 15 years have highlighted the need for solutions to drinking water contamination.  Several recent studies suggest that approximately 20 percent of the surface and ground source waters...

Development of a passenger rail vehicle crush zone

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-04-13

The use of crush zones in passenger rail vehicles is rapidly growing in the United States and throughout the world. Such crush zones are an important part of the crash energy management philosophy of train occupant protection. The objective of this s...

Differently Abled in Entomology

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The rapidly changing demographics of the United States and the need for scientific innovation, which has been demonstrated to be enhanced by interactions among persons with diverse backgrounds, has led to numerous efforts in the last thirty years to increase the level of diversity in our scientific ...

Occupant protection issues among older drivers and passengers. Volume 1, Final report

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-04-01

With the older adult population of the United States growing at a rapid pace, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is concerned with highway safety issues affecting this age group. NHTSA initiated a three-stage research study in...

The growth of selected leisure industries

Treesearch

Elizabeth R. Owen

1980-01-01

Rapidly rising sales of sporting equipment, as well as the phenomenal growth of receipts from a variety of recreation-oriented service industries, have contributed in establishing the recreation market as one of the most dynamic and fastest expanding sectors of the United States economy.

The News about Hispanics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russell, Cheryl

1983-01-01

Describes the geographic distribution, demographic characteristics, and consumer preferences of Puerto Ricans, Mexicans, and Cubans in the United States. Suggests that a projected rapid growth in numbers of Hispanics with unique characteristics will produce a consumer market that will require special attention from businesses. (Author/MJL)

Development and evolution of The Knowledge Hub for Pathology and related electronic resources.

PubMed

Hardwick, David F; Sinard, John; Silva, Fred

2011-06-01

The Knowledge Hub for Pathology was created to provide authenticated and validated knowledge for United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology members and pathologists worldwide with access to the Web. Using the material presented at the annual meeting of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology with existing selection and review procedures ensured that these criteria were met without added costly procedures. Further submissions for courses and research papers are provided in electronic format and funded by universities and hospitals for their creation; thus, the principal costs borne by the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology are Web site-posting costs. Use has escalated rapidly from 2 million hits in 2002 to 51 million in 2009 with use by 35,000 pathologists from now a total of 180 countries. This true "freemium" model is a successful process as are more traditional continuing professional development course structures such as Anatomic Pathology Electronic Case Series, a "premium" model for learning electronically also sponsored by the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Quantifying the hurricane risk to offshore wind turbines.

PubMed

Rose, Stephen; Jaramillo, Paulina; Small, Mitchell J; Grossmann, Iris; Apt, Jay

2012-02-28

The U.S. Department of Energy has estimated that if the United States is to generate 20% of its electricity from wind, over 50 GW will be required from shallow offshore turbines. Hurricanes are a potential risk to these turbines. Turbine tower buckling has been observed in typhoons, but no offshore wind turbines have yet been built in the United States. We present a probabilistic model to estimate the number of turbines that would be destroyed by hurricanes in an offshore wind farm. We apply this model to estimate the risk to offshore wind farms in four representative locations in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal waters of the United States. In the most vulnerable areas now being actively considered by developers, nearly half the turbines in a farm are likely to be destroyed in a 20-y period. Reasonable mitigation measures--increasing the design reference wind load, ensuring that the nacelle can be turned into rapidly changing winds, and building most wind plants in the areas with lower risk--can greatly enhance the probability that offshore wind can help to meet the United States' electricity needs.

Uber and Metropolitan Traffic Fatalities in the United States.

PubMed

Brazil, Noli; Kirk, David S

2016-08-01

Uber and similar rideshare services are rapidly dispersing in cities across the United States and beyond. Given the convenience and low cost, Uber has been characterized as a potential countermeasure for reducing the estimated 121 million episodes of drunk driving and the 10,000 resulting traffic fatalities that occur annually in the United States. We exploited differences in the timing of the deployment of Uber in US metropolitan counties from 2005 to 2014 to test the association between the availability of Uber's rideshare services and total, drunk driving-related, and weekend- and holiday-specific traffic fatalities in the 100 most populated metropolitan areas in the United States using negative binomial and Poisson regression models. We found that the deployment of Uber services in a given metropolitan county had no association with the number of subsequent traffic fatalities, whether measured in aggregate or specific to drunk-driving fatalities or fatalities during weekends and holidays. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Reconsidering Racial and Ethnic Diversity: A Case Study of Two Historically Black Colleges and Universities' Preparation for the 21st Century and beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Featherstone, William H.

2011-01-01

Recent demographic forecasts demonstrate the United States is rapidly becoming more racially and ethnically diverse. By the year 2050, demographers maintain the nation will advance to a "majority minority" state where non-Hispanic Whites will fall below 50%. For that reason, colleges and universities are reevaluating their mission and making…

Impact of Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) Strategies on Reading Achievement of English Language Learners in the Primary Grades

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zito-Nash, Judith A.

2017-01-01

When four forces create shift in the landscape of PK-12 education, change in response to the environment is inevitable and necessary. It is such in the United States, as schools face increased accountability for the growth and attainment of reading skills, rigorous demands of the Common Core State Standards, a rapidly growing population of…

To Leave or Not to Leave? A Regression Discontinuity Analysis of the Impact of Failing the High School Exit Exam

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ou, Dongshu

2010-01-01

The high school exit exam (HSEE) is rapidly becoming a standardized assessment procedure for educational accountability in the United States. I use a unique, state-specific dataset to identify the effects of failing the HSEE on the likelihood of dropping out of high school based on a regression discontinuity design. The analysis shows that…

Workers and Workplaces: Diversity, Challenge, Excellence! The Annual National State Occupational Information Coordinating Committee (SOICC) Conference (14th, Albany, New York, July 22-24, 1991). Highlights.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. NOICC Training Support Center.

This document contains highlights from a conference focused on helping the United States meet current and future workplace needs in a rapidly changing economy in which occupational information and career development skills are becoming more and more crucial. The report is organized in five sections: conference highlights; selected workshop…

Online Course Use in Iowa and Wisconsin Public High Schools: The Results of Two Statewide Surveys. REL 2015-065

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clements, Margaret; Stafford, Erin; Pazzaglia, Angela M.; Jacobs, Pamela

2015-01-01

As the use of online courses in high schools increases rapidly across the United States, schools are using courses from a multitude of sources to achieve a variety of educational goals. Policies and practices for monitoring student progress and success in online courses are also diverse. Yet few states formally track or report student…

Retrospective analysis of EAB spread: understanding the effect of landscape pattern on invasion and propagation

Treesearch

Susan J. Crocker; Greg C. Liknes; Dacia M. Meneguzzo

2011-01-01

Spread of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, EAB) in the United States has been rapid and extensive. Nearly 10 years after its initial detection near Detroit, Michigan, EAB is now found in 15 states spanning a radius greater than 500 miles. While human activity has been central to facilitating the spread of EAB over long distances, the...

AIDS in Nicaragua: epidemiological, political, and sociocultural perspectives.

PubMed

Low, N; Egger, M; Gorter, A; Sandiford, P; González, A; Pauw, J; Ferrie, J; Smith, G D

1993-01-01

The AIDS epidemic in Nicaragua is several years behind that in the United States and neighboring countries of Central and South America. A combination of events, including the isolation caused by the war of the U.S.-backed Contra army against the Sandinista government, the complete economic embargo imposed on Nicaragua by the United States in 1985, self-sufficiency for blood products, and a low rate of recreational injectable-drug use, have contributed to this situation. Since the Sandinistas were defeated in the general election of 1990, people have returned to Nicaragua from areas where HIV is more prevalent, such as Honduras and the United States. It is probable that many HIV-infected persons have now entered the country. Because of the high rates of sexually transmitted diseases and cultural factors such as "machismo," HIV is likely to spread rapidly by heterosexual transmission, unless effective, culturally appropriate education and sexually transmitted disease prevention programs are implemented now.

Comparison of Standards and Technical Requirements of Grid-Connected Wind Power Plants in China and the United States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao, David Wenzhong; Muljadi, Eduard; Tian, Tian

The rapid deployment of wind power has made grid integration and operational issues focal points in industry discussions and research. Compliance with grid connection standards for wind power plants (WPPs) is crucial to ensuring the reliable and stable operation of the electric power grid. This report compares the standards for grid-connected WPPs in China to those in the United States to facilitate further improvements in wind power standards and enhance the development of wind power equipment. Detailed analyses of power quality, low-voltage ride-through capability, active power control, reactive power control, voltage control, and wind power forecasting are provided to enhancemore » the understanding of grid codes in the two largest markets of wind power. This study compares WPP interconnection standards and technical requirements in China to those in the United States.« less

Nutritionally-important starch fractions of rice cultivars grown in southern United States.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Dietary starches can be classified into three major fractions, according to in vitro digestibility: rapidly digestible (RDS), slowly digestible (SDS), and resistant starch (RS). Literature indicates that SDS and/or RS have significant implications on human health, particularly, glucose metabolism, ...

Continuous flight auger pile bridge foundation : Implementation Phase I : Texas Gulf Coast Region : final report.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-01-01

Continuous flight auger (CFA) piles better known as Augered, Cast In-Place (ACIP) piles have been widely used in the United States for several decades because of relatively rapid installation and minimum environmental impact during installation with ...

Reducing size variation in hybrid catfish culture through graded partial harvest

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Hybrid catfish (' channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus x ' blue catfish I. furcatus) are becoming a major contributor to catfish aquaculture in the United States. Because of unique production characteristics of hybrid catfish, rapid farmer adoption of hybrids has outpaced appropriate management resea...

APTAMER CAPTURE AND OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRIC DETECTION OF CYANOBACTERIAL TOXINS

EPA Science Inventory

Cyanobacterial toxins have been identified as a health risk in source and finished waters passing through drinking water utilities in the United States. In this project, a rapid, sensitive and field usable sensor based on an aptamer modified planar waveguide interferometric se...

PUBLIC HEALTH AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF DAMPNESS AND MOLD

EPA Science Inventory

There is a rapidly growing body of scientific literature examining the relationship between dampness and mold in buildings and associated health effects. Reviews by expert groups in Europe (Bornehag et al. 2001; Bornehag et al. 2004) and the United States (IOM, 2004) conclude th...

Effects of a graded partial-harvest on hybrid catfish size variation

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Hybrid Catfish have quickly become a major contributor to ictalurid catfish aquaculture in the United States. Hybrid Catfish have unique production characteristics compared with Channel Catfish, and rapid farmer adoption of the hybrid has outpaced research on appropriate management practices. This s...

76 FR 11206 - Proposed Collection; Patent Examiner Employment Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

... the Workforce Employment Division, Office of Human Resources, United States Patent and Trademark... rapidly review applications for employment of entry-level patent examiners. The Office of Human Resources... supplied by an applicant seeking a patent examiner position with the USPTO assists the Human Resources...

History, research and practice of forensic anthropology in Thailand.

PubMed

Traithepchanapai, Pongpon; Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk; Kranioti, Elena F

2016-04-01

Forensic anthropology is an increasingly developing discipline born about a century ago in the United States with the objective to contribute the knowledge of bone biology and physical anthropology to the emerging needs of the court of law. The development of research in biological and forensic anthropology has made rapid progress worldwide in the past few years, however, in most countries--with the exception of the United States--forensic anthropology work is still considered within the duties of the forensic pathologist. This paper attempts to summarise the history and development of forensic anthropology in Thailand by providing information on past and current research and practice that can help forensic practitioners to apply existing methods in forensic cases and mass disasters. It is hoped that the lessons learned from the tsunami catastrophe and the emerging need for positive identification in medicolegal settings will lead to rapid advances in education, training and professional engagement of anthropologists from the forensic departments and the law enforcement agencies in Thailand. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Onshore industrial wind turbine locations for the United States up to March 2014

USGS Publications Warehouse

Diffendorfer, James E.; Kramer, Louisa; Ancona, Zachary H.; Garrity, Christopher P.

2015-01-01

Wind energy is a rapidly growing form of renewable energy in the United States. While summary information on the total amounts of installed capacity are available by state, a free, centralized, national, turbine-level, geospatial dataset useful for scientific research, land and resource management, and other uses did not exist. Available in multiple formats and in a web application, these public domain data provide industrial-scale onshore wind turbine locations in the United States up to March 2014, corresponding facility information, and turbine technical specifications. Wind turbine records have been collected and compiled from various public sources, digitized or position verified from aerial imagery, and quality assured and quality controlled. Technical specifications for turbines were assigned based on the wind turbine make and model as described in public literature. In some cases, turbines were not seen in imagery or turbine information did not exist or was difficult to obtain. Uncertainty associated with these is recorded in a confidence rating.

Eugenics and Involuntary Sterilization: 1907-2015.

PubMed

Reilly, Philip R

2015-01-01

In England during the late nineteenth century, intellectuals, especially Francis Galton, called for a variety of eugenic policies aimed at ensuring the health of the human species. In the United States, members of the Progressive movement embraced eugenic ideas, especially immigration restriction and sterilization. Indiana enacted the first eugenic sterilization law in 1907, and the US Supreme Court upheld such laws in 1927. State programs targeted institutionalized, mentally disabled women. Beginning in the late 1930s, proponents rationalized involuntary sterilization as protecting vulnerable women from unwanted pregnancy. By World War II, programs in the United States had sterilized approximately 60,000 persons. After the horrific revelations concerning Nazi eugenics (German Hereditary Health Courts approved at least 400,000 sterilization operations in less than a decade), eugenic sterilization programs in the United States declined rapidly. Simplistic eugenic thinking has faded, but coerced sterilization remains widespread, especially in China and India. In many parts of the world, involuntary sterilization is still intermittently used against minority groups.

Onshore industrial wind turbine locations for the United States up to March 2014.

PubMed

Diffendorfer, Jay E; Kramer, Louisa A; Ancona, Zach H; Garrity, Christopher P

2015-11-24

Wind energy is a rapidly growing form of renewable energy in the United States. While summary information on the total amounts of installed capacity are available by state, a free, centralized, national, turbine-level, geospatial dataset useful for scientific research, land and resource management, and other uses did not exist. Available in multiple formats and in a web application, these public domain data provide industrial-scale onshore wind turbine locations in the United States up to March 2014, corresponding facility information, and turbine technical specifications. Wind turbine records have been collected and compiled from various public sources, digitized or position verified from aerial imagery, and quality assured and quality controlled. Technical specifications for turbines were assigned based on the wind turbine make and model as described in public literature. In some cases, turbines were not seen in imagery or turbine information did not exist or was difficult to obtain. Uncertainty associated with these is recorded in a confidence rating.

Onshore industrial wind turbine locations for the United States up to March 2014

PubMed Central

Diffendorfer, Jay E.; Kramer, Louisa A.; Ancona, Zach H.; Garrity, Christopher P.

2015-01-01

Wind energy is a rapidly growing form of renewable energy in the United States. While summary information on the total amounts of installed capacity are available by state, a free, centralized, national, turbine-level, geospatial dataset useful for scientific research, land and resource management, and other uses did not exist. Available in multiple formats and in a web application, these public domain data provide industrial-scale onshore wind turbine locations in the United States up to March 2014, corresponding facility information, and turbine technical specifications. Wind turbine records have been collected and compiled from various public sources, digitized or position verified from aerial imagery, and quality assured and quality controlled. Technical specifications for turbines were assigned based on the wind turbine make and model as described in public literature. In some cases, turbines were not seen in imagery or turbine information did not exist or was difficult to obtain. Uncertainty associated with these is recorded in a confidence rating. PMID:26601687

Sub-orbital commercial Human space flight and informed consent in the United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carminati, Maria-Vittoria « Giugi »; Griffith, Doug; Campbell, Mark R.

2013-12-01

Commercial space flight is expected to rapidly develop in the near future. This will begin with sub-orbital missions and then progress to orbital flights. In the United States, technical informed consent of space flight participants is required by the commercial space flight operator for regulatory purposes. Additionally, though not required by U.S. regulation, the aerospace medicine professional involved in the medical screening of both space flight participants and crewmembers will be asked to assist operators in obtaining medical informed consent for liability purposes. The various US federal and state regulations regarding informed consent for sub-orbital commercial space flight are evolving and are unfamiliar to most aerospace medical professionals and are reviewed and discussed.

Text4baby: Development and Implementation of a National Text Messaging Health Information Service

PubMed Central

Whittaker, Robyn; Meehan, Judy; Jordan, Elizabeth; Stange, Paul; Cash, Amanda; Meyer, Paul; Baitty, Julie; Johnson, Pamela; Ratzan, Scott; Rhee, Kyu

2012-01-01

Text4baby is the first free national health text messaging service in the United States that aims to provide timely information to pregnant women and new mothers to help them improve their health and the health of their babies. Here we describe the development of the text messages and the large public–private partnership that led to the national launch of the service in 2010. Promotion at the local, state, and national levels produced rapid uptake across the United States. More than 320 000 people enrolled with text4baby between February 2010 and March 2012. Further evaluations of the effectiveness of the service are ongoing; however, important lessons can be learned from its development and uptake. PMID:23078509

Text4baby: development and implementation of a national text messaging health information service.

PubMed

Whittaker, Robyn; Matoff-Stepp, Sabrina; Meehan, Judy; Kendrick, Juliette; Jordan, Elizabeth; Stange, Paul; Cash, Amanda; Meyer, Paul; Baitty, Julie; Johnson, Pamela; Ratzan, Scott; Rhee, Kyu

2012-12-01

Text4baby is the first free national health text messaging service in the United States that aims to provide timely information to pregnant women and new mothers to help them improve their health and the health of their babies. Here we describe the development of the text messages and the large public-private partnership that led to the national launch of the service in 2010. Promotion at the local, state, and national levels produced rapid uptake across the United States. More than 320,000 people enrolled with text4baby between February 2010 and March 2012. Further evaluations of the effectiveness of the service are ongoing; however, important lessons can be learned from its development and uptake.

History of the treatment of spinal injuries.

PubMed

Silver, J R

2005-02-01

Injury of the spinal cord has been known since antiquity. There is no cure for the injury and until modern times patients died rapidly from a combination of pressure sores and urinary tract infection. Treatment consists of preventing complications until the spine has stabilised and the patient can be rehabilitated to an independent life. This article explores how this treatment developed in the ancient world, the middle ages, in Europe, Great Britain, and latterly in the United States. It describes how these principles of treatment were recognised particularly in Germany, the United States, and Great Britain and evaluates the relative contributions made by the different pioneers.

Cyber security and data collection approaches for smartphone sensor systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turner, Hamilton; White, Jules

2012-06-01

In recent years the ubiquity and resources provided by smartphone devices have encouraged scientists to explore using these devices as remote sensing nodes. In addition, the United States Department of Defense has stated a mission of increasing persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities or U.S. units. This paper presents a method of enabling large-scale, long-term smartphone-powered data collection. Key solutions discussed include the ability to directly allow domain experts to define and refine smartphone applications for data collection, technical advancements that allow rapid dissemination of a smartphone data collection application, and an algorithm for preserving the locational privacy of participating users.

Preliminary survey of the saline-water resources of the United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Krieger, Robert A.; Hatchett, J.L.; Poole, J.L.

1957-01-01

Basic hydrologic data available in the field offices of the U. S. Geological Survey and reports issued by the Survey furnish evidence that saline water (defined in this report as water containing more than 1,000 parts per million of dissolved solids) is available under diverse geologic and hydrologic conditions throughout the United States.The number of areas in which undeveloped supplies of fresh water are available has diminished considerably with the rapid growth of industries and population in the past decade. Many areas previously considered to have relatively unlimited water resources have reached the point at which water-supply shortages exist or are threatened.

The United States Particle Accelerator School: Educating the Next Generation of Accelerator Scientists and Engineers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barletta, William A.

2009-03-01

Only a handful of universities in the US offer any formal training in accelerator science. The United States Particle Accelerator School (USPAS) is National Graduate Educational Program that has developed a highly successful educational paradigm that, over the past twenty-years, has granted more university credit in accelerator/beam science and technology than any university in the world. Sessions are held twice annually, hosted by major US research universities that approve course credit, certify the USPAS faculty, and grant course credit. The USPAS paradigm is readily extensible to other rapidly developing, cross-disciplinary research areas such as high energy density physics.

Drywall construction and asbestos exposure.

PubMed

Fischbein, A; Rohl, A N; Langer, A M; Selikoff, I J

1979-05-01

The rapid development of the drywall construction trade in the United States is described. It is estimated that some 75,000 U.S. construction workers are currently employed in this trade. The use of a variety of spackle and taping compounds is shown to be associated with significant asbestos exposure; air samples taken in the breathing zone by drywall tapers during sanding of taping compounds show fiber concentrations exceeding, by several times, the maximum level permitted by United States Government regulations. These findings are given together with the result of a clinical field survey of drywall construction workers demonstrating that asbestos disease may be an important health hazard in this trade.

Utilizing Weather RADAR for Rapid Location of Meteorite Falls and Space Debris Re-Entry

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fries, Marc D.

2016-01-01

This activity utilizes existing NOAA weather RADAR imagery to locate meteorite falls and space debris falls. The near-real-time availability and spatial accuracy of these data allow rapid recovery of material from both meteorite falls and space debris re-entry events. To date, at least 22 meteorite fall recoveries have benefitted from RADAR detection and fall modeling, and multiple debris re-entry events over the United States have been observed in unprecedented detail.

Crisis Management: United States Reflagging of Kuwaiti Tankers (1987 - 1988) Politics 217

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

climbing rapidly , more than doubling from 1985 to 196C. Iran obtained possession and operationally tested l.:eumann, Robert G., Shireen T. Hunter, and...1974), p. 557. 󈨎 ( formulation of national securiLy policy.IV Many in Congress saw opposition to reflagging as a way to prevent another foreign policy...in a flight over the gulf." The Persian Gulf crisis deescalated rapidly at this point. Iran was frustrated in its attempt to find a way to

Method for rapid estimation of scour at highway bridges based on limited site data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Holnbeck, S.R.; Parrett, Charles

1997-01-01

Limited site data were used to develop a method for rapid estimation of scour at highway bridges. The estimates can be obtained in a matter of hours rather than several days as required by more-detailed methods. Such a method is important because scour assessments are needed to identify scour-critical bridges throughout the United States. Using detailed scour-analysis methods and scour-prediction equations recommended by the Federal Highway Administration, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Montana Department of Transportation, obtained contraction, pier, and abutment scour-depth data for sites from 10 States.The data were used to develop relations between scour depth and hydraulic variables that can be rapidly measured in the field. Relations between scour depth and hydraulic variables, in the form of envelope curves, were based on simpler forms of detailed scour-prediction equations. To apply the rapid-estimation method, a 100-year recurrence interval peak discharge is determined, and bridge- length data are used in the field with graphs relating unit discharge to velocity and velocity to bridge backwater as a basis for estimating flow depths and other hydraulic variables that can then be applied using the envelope curves. The method was tested in the field. Results showed good agreement among individuals involved and with results from more-detailed methods. Although useful for identifying potentially scour-critical bridges, themethod does not replace more-detailed methods used for design purposes. Use of the rapid- estimation method should be limited to individuals having experience in bridge scour, hydraulics, and flood hydrology, and some training in use of the method.

Invasive Swallow-worts: An allelopathic role for -(-) antofine remains unclear

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Pale swallow-wort (Vincetoxicum rossicum) and black swallow-wort (V. nigrum) are two invasive plant species in the northeastern United States and eastern Canada that have undergone rapidly expanding ranges over the past 30 years. Both species possess a highly bioactive phytotoxin -(-) antofine in r...

Technologies for detecting botulinum neurotoxins in biological and environmental matrices

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Biomonitoring of food and environmental matrices is critical for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases caused by toxins. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has noted that toxins from bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants present an ongo...

High-throughput dietary exposure predictions for chemical migrants from food contact substances for use in chemical prioritization

EPA Science Inventory

Under the ExpoCast program, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) researchers have developed a high-throughput (HT) framework for estimating aggregate exposures to chemicals from multiple pathways to support rapid prioritization of chemicals. Here, we present method...

Southern Pine Beetle

Treesearch

Robert C. Thatcher; Patrick J. Barry

1982-01-01

The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) is one of pine's most destructive insect enemies in the Southern United States, Mexico, and Central America. Because populations build rapidly to outbreak proportions and large numbers of trees are killed, this insect generates considerable concern among managers of southern pine forests. The beetle...

Chippewa Customs. Reprint Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Densmore, Frances

Using information obtained between 1907 and 1925 from members of the Chippewa tribe, the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the United States National Museum, the book describes various Chippewa customs. Information, collected on six reservations in Minnesota and Wisconsin and the Manitou Rapids Reserve in Ontario, Canada, is provided concerning…

Meeting the Challenge of Mathematics Reform for Students with LD.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woodward, John; Montague, Marjorie

2002-01-01

This article discusses forces driving mathematics reform: shifting theoretical paradigms, disappointing levels of mathematics performance of students in the United States, and the impact of rapidly changing technologies. Concerns about this reform from the special education community are discussed, and synthesized special education research…

Stabilizer, a new low growing Siberian wheatgrass cultivar for use on semiarid lands

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service announces the public release of the cultivar 'Stabilizer' Siberian wheatgrass [Agropyron fragile (Roth) Candargy] as a low growing, rapid establishing revegetation grass for use on rangelands and roadsides, and as a grass co...

Rapid construction of Pacific Street Bridge with o.7 inch strands.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-10-01

The Pacific Street Bridge over I-680 in Omaha, NE is the first bridge in the United States to use 0.7-in.-diameter prestressing : strands in pretensioned concrete girders. This project was funded by FHWA through NDOR under the Innovative Bridge Resea...

Spotted knapweed, Centaurea stoebe, control options

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Spotted knapweed is a non native perennial forb that is spreading rapidly in the Western United States. This plant species produces a compound that retards the growth of many native plants, giving it a competitive advantage. Spotted knapweed has been identified in several areas of Alaska. A descript...

Exploring agricultural production systems and their fundamental components with system dynamics modeling

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Agricultural production in the United States is undergoing marked changes due to rapid shifts in consumer demands, input costs, and concerns for food safety and environmental impact. Agricultural production systems are comprised of multidimensional components and drivers that interact in complex wa...

Chinese-English Nuclear and Physics Dictionary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. Foreign Technology Div.

The Nuclear and Physics Dictionary is one of a series of Chinese-English technical dictionaries prepared by the Foreign Technology Division, United States Air Force Systems Command. The purpose of this dictionary is to provide rapid reference tools for translators, abstractors, and research analysts concerned with scientific and technical…

SEDIMENTATION IN PACIFIC NORTHWEST COASTAL STREAMS -- EVIDENCE FROM REGIONAL SURVEY OF BED SUBSTRATE SIZE AND STABILITY

EPA Science Inventory

Excessive erosion, transport and deposition of sediment are major problems in streams and rivers throughout the United States. We examined evidence of anthropogenic sedimentation in Oregon and Washington coastal streams using relatively rapid measurements taken from surveys duri...

Entrepreneurial Education in Europe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dana, Leo Paul

1992-01-01

Study of a cross-section of entrepreneurship programs in several European countries found that the principal strength of European programs is their practical approach and that entrepreneurship programs have spread more rapidly into rural areas than in the United States. Strengths of U.S. programs include greater diversification and numerous…

A Customized DNA Microarray for Microbial Source Tracking in Environmental Systems

EPA Science Inventory

It is estimated that more than 160, 000 miles of rivers and streams in the United States are impaired due to the presence of waterborne pathogens. These pathogens typically originate from human and other animal fecal pollution sources; therefore, a rapid microbial source tracking...

Prescribed burning in mid and late successional juniper woodlands

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Western juniper woodlands of the western United States have expanded rapidly since settlement in the late 1800’s. To recover shrub steppe and other plant communities requires that invasive junipers be controlled. We have evaluated recovery of several plant associations after combinations of junipe...

First in Line: Student Registration Priority in Community Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bahr, Peter Riley; Gross, Jillian Leigh; Slay, Kelly E.; Christensen, Rebecca D.

2015-01-01

Across the United States, community colleges are facing severe funding reductions and surging enrollment, resulting in a condition of impaction in which demand for coursework exceeds financial or physical capacity. In turn, impaction is necessitating changes in enrollment management policies, including rapid evolution in registration priority…

The State of Social Media Policies in Higher Education

PubMed Central

Pomerantz, Jeffrey; Hank, Carolyn; Sugimoto, Cassidy R.

2015-01-01

This paper presents an analysis of the current state of development of social media policies at institution of higher education. Content analysis of social media policies for all institutions listed in the Carnegie Classification Data File revealed that less than one-quarter of institutions had an accessible social media policy. Analysis was done by institution and campus unit, finding that social media policies were most likely to appear at doctorate-granting institutions and health, athletics, and library units. Policies required that those affiliated with the institution post appropriate content, represent the unit appropriately, and moderate conversations with coworkers and external agencies. This analysis may inform the development and revision of social media policies across the field of higher education, taking into consideration the rapidly changing landscape of social media, issues of academic freedom, and notions of interoperability with policies at the unit and campus levels. PMID:26017549

The state of social media policies in higher education.

PubMed

Pomerantz, Jeffrey; Hank, Carolyn; Sugimoto, Cassidy R

2015-01-01

This paper presents an analysis of the current state of development of social media policies at institution of higher education. Content analysis of social media policies for all institutions listed in the Carnegie Classification Data File revealed that less than one-quarter of institutions had an accessible social media policy. Analysis was done by institution and campus unit, finding that social media policies were most likely to appear at doctorate-granting institutions and health, athletics, and library units. Policies required that those affiliated with the institution post appropriate content, represent the unit appropriately, and moderate conversations with coworkers and external agencies. This analysis may inform the development and revision of social media policies across the field of higher education, taking into consideration the rapidly changing landscape of social media, issues of academic freedom, and notions of interoperability with policies at the unit and campus levels.

Multisite evaluation of environmental cleanliness of high-touch surfaces in intensive care unit patient rooms.

PubMed

Hopman, Joost; Donskey, Curtis J; Boszczowski, Icaro; Alfa, Michelle J

2018-05-23

The efficacy of discharge cleaning and disinfection of high-touch surfaces of intensive care unit patient rooms in Brazil, Canada, the Netherlands, and the United States was evaluated and the effect of an educational intervention was determined. Significant site-to-site differences in cleaning regimens and baseline cleanliness levels were observed using ATP levels, colony-forming units, and reflective surface marker removal percent pass rates. An educational intervention that includes rapid feedback of the ATP measurements could significantly improve the quality of the cleaning and disinfection regimens. Copyright © 2018 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. All rights reserved.

"Blueprint version 2.0": updating public health surveillance for the 21st century.

PubMed

Smith, Perry F; Hadler, James L; Stanbury, Martha; Rolfs, Robert T; Hopkins, Richard S

2013-01-01

Rapid changes to the United States public health system challenge the current strategic approach to surveillance. During 2011, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists convened national experts to reassess public health surveillance in the United States and update surveillance strategies that were published in a 1996 report and endorsed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Although surveillance goals, historical influences, and most methods have not changed, surveillance is being transformed by 3 influences: public health information and preparedness as national security issues; new information technologies; and health care reform. Each offers opportunities for surveillance, but each also presents challenges that public health epidemiologists can best meet by rigorously applying surveillance evaluation concepts, engaging in national standardization activities driven by electronic technologies and health care reform, and ensuring an adequately trained epidemiology workforce.

Energy Use and Energy Intensity of U.S. Manufacturing—Data from the 2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS)

EIA Publications

2017-01-01

Energy intensity in manufacturing in the United States decreased from 2010 to 2014. U.S. manufacturing overall fuel intensity decreased by 4.4% from 3.016 thousand British thermal units (Btu) per dollar of output in 2010 to 2.882 thousand Btu in 2014.[1] U.S. manufacturing fuel consumption rose 4.7% from 2010 to 2014, although real gross output[2] increased more rapidly at 9.6%.

Near-surface soil carbon, carbon/nitrogen ratio,and tree species are tightly linked across northeastern United States watersheds

Treesearch

Donald S. Ross; Scott W. Bailey; Gregory B. Lawrence; James B. Shanley; Guinevere Fredriksen; Austin E. Jamison; Patricia A. Brousseau

2011-01-01

Forest soils hold large stores of carbon, with the highest concentrations in the surface horizons. In these horizons, both the total C mass and the C/N ratio may respond more rapidly to changes in tree species than lower horizons. We measured C and C/N ratios in the Oa or A horizon from 12 watersheds at 8 established forested research sites in the northeastern United...

Water for the cities - The outlook

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schneider, William Joseph; Spieker, Andrew Maute

1969-01-01

Rapid expansion of urban areas, particularly in the large metropolitan complexes of the United States, is placing urban political entities in ever closer juxtaposition to each other. The large demand for water for each entity is resulting in competition for available sources and is rapidly reaching critical proportions. Increasing awareness of the role of water in our society further complicates this competition. Pollution abatement, recreation, wildlife conservation, and aesthetics are demands now recognized by both rural and urban areas. Future development of water resources must consider regional demands and resources. Only in this way can our reasonably abundant water resources meet the severe demands imposed by our rapidly expanding urban areas.

Nontraditional Student Engagement: Increasing Adult Student Success and Retention

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wyatt, Linda G.

2011-01-01

Today, more than any other time in history, student demographics of college and university students in the United States are experiencing rapid and profound changes. Along with these increases in nontraditional student enrollment comes an increasing percentage of working nontraditional college students with a multitude of commitments that serve to…

Academic Achievement and Depressive Symptoms in Low-Income Latino Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zychinski, Kristen E.; Polo, Antonio J.

2012-01-01

The Latino population in the United States is increasing rapidly, and Latino youth comprise a significant proportion of the overall school-age population. Latino youth, however, demonstrate lower levels of academic achievement. Research also indicates Latino youth consistently report higher levels of depressive symptoms. We examined the relation…

Mentor Age and Youth Developmental Outcomes in School-Based Mentoring Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hwang, NaYoung

2015-01-01

Mentoring programs that provide guidance and support for disadvantaged youth have expanded rapidly during the past decade in the United States. Research suggests that students with teenage mentors exhibit positive youth development, including enhanced academic self-esteem and connectedness. By contrast, some studies showed that programs that offer…

Medusahead invasion along unimproved roads, animal trails, and random transects

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Medusahead, an exotic annual grass, is rapidly spreading and causing ecological damage across the western United States. It is critical that land managers prioritize where they direct treatment and monitoring efforts due to the vast areas this exotic plant occupies and the limited amount of resourc...

Colony Collapse Disorder: A descriptive studey

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Over the last two winters, there have been large-scale, unexplained losses of managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies in the United States. In the absence of a known cause, this syndrome was named Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) because the main trait was a rapid loss of adult worker bees. We ...

Cooperative Learning: Effective Approach to a Multicultural Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elhoweris, Hala

Tension and anxiety are prevalent among students from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. With the rapidly changing population demographics of the United States and the significant growth of diverse multicultural groups, schools and professionals are being challenged as to how to provide the best comprehensive education to their…

American Colleges See Potential in Korean Partnerships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, Karin

2008-01-01

For colleges in the United States seeking a foothold in South Korea's formerly insular higher-education sector, the lure seems to be part location, part alumni lobbying, and part desire to be part of the country's rapid transformation. The South Korean government's newfound openness to overseas universities is helping persuade American college…

Working with Linguistically Diverse Classes across the Disciplines: Faculty Beliefs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haan, Jennifer E.; Gallagher, Colleen E.; Varandani, Lisa

2017-01-01

The rapid growth of international students at United States universities in recent years (Institute of International Education, 2013) has prompted discussions about how best to serve this population in and out of the classroom. This article reports on faculty cognitions (Borg, 2006) regarding internationalization and the teaching of international…

Pathology of Central American Refugees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Molesky, Jean

1986-01-01

The rapidly increasing numbers of Central American refugees in the United States include many whose sufferings have led to severe psychological problems. The article attempts to lay a foundation for assisting them by discussing the following: (1) origins of disorders; (2) culture shock and stress; (3) prevalence of symptoms; and (4) suggestions…

Label-Free Detection and Serotyping of Salmonellae by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with Immunomagnetic Separation

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Salmonella spp. are one of the leading causes of foodborne outbreaks in the United States and globally. Current detection and characterization techniques for Salmonella are time consuming and rapid methods could greatly benefit outbreak investigation, new case prevention and disease treatment. In th...

Built structure identification in wildland fire decision support

Treesearch

David E. Calkin; Jon D. Rieck; Kevin D. Hyde; Jeffrey D. Kaiden

2011-01-01

Recent ex-urban development within the wildland interface has significantly increased the complexity and associated cost of federal wildland fire management in the United States. Rapid identification of built structures relative to probable fire spread can help to reduce that complexity and improve the performance of incident management teams. Approximate structure...

Applicability of Bogota's TransMilenio BRT system to the United States : final report, May 2006.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2006-05-01

Serving the city of Bogot, Colombia, TransMilenio is one of the worlds premier Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems. Commencing service in : December 2000, the system was carrying over one million passengers per day by early 2006 on a 40 mile network...

University Students' Perceptions of Childless Couples and Parents in Ankara, Turkey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Copur, Zeynep; Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

2010-01-01

Changing perceptions of childlessness have been documented in the United States, but little is known about perceptions in developing countries undergoing rapid social changes and globalization, including Turkey. This project uses a survey and hypothetical vignettes about childless couples and parents to assess university students' perceptions of…

Campus Community Readiness and the Prevention of Gambling Problems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pyle, Stephanie J. Asteriadis

2016-01-01

Gambling disorder is a behavioral addiction that disproportionally affects college students as a population group and can disrupt college careers. While gambling disorder has not traditionally been one that institutions of higher education have addressed, the rapid growth of legalized gambling in the United States and the resulting widespread…

Collaborating with the Community: Lessons from a Rural School District

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Anne

2012-01-01

This article, based on case study research, highlights how a rural school district in the midwestern United States collaborated with local community organizations to meet the needs of English language learners after the district and community experienced rapid ethnic diversification. In particular, the district EL coordinator spearheaded the…

Recovering Our Heritage: Peregrine Falcons.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iowa State Dept. of Natural Resources, Des Moines.

This education kit was compiled by Iowa's Nongame Program to celebrate the successful reintroduction of the peregrine falcon (Cedar Rapids, July 1989) after its near extinction in the state in the 1960s. This resource unit was developed to enhance the education of students and teachers in Iowa about endangered species and specifically the…

Metrics in Career Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindbeck, John R.

The United States is rapidly becoming a metric nation. Industry, education, business, and government are all studying the issue of metrication to learn how they can prepare for it. The book is designed to help teachers and students in career education programs learn something about metrics. Presented in an easily understood manner, the textbook's…

Associations between urban landscape characteristics and Body Mass Index

EPA Science Inventory

Obesity is one of the major public-health concerns in many countries today. In the United States, more than 70% of the U.S. adults aged 20 and over are overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity has been grown rapidly during the last three decades. Obesity prevalence is deter...

Hegemony, Big Money and Academic Independence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Tim

2010-01-01

This article considers whether a threat is posed to academic independence in corporate universities by the United States Studies Centre (USSC) at the University of Sydney. The USSC rapidly worked its way into Australia's oldest university, building a unique governance structure in which a private business lobby vets senior academics and controls…

Chinese-English Aviation and Space Dictionary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. Foreign Technology Div.

The Aviation and Space Dictionary is the second of a series of Chinese-English technical dictionaries under preparation by the Foreign Technology Division, United States Air Force Systems Command. The purpose of the series is to provide rapid reference tools for translators, abstracters, and research analysts concerned with scientific and…

The Role of Cross-Cultural Experience in Art Teacher Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henry, Carole; Constantino, Tracie

2015-01-01

Current research indicates that within the United States, many preservice teachers are not prepared to work with a rapidly changing student population that includes an increasing number of immigrant students with limited proficiency in English (Giambo & Szecsi, 2005/2006; Janzen, 2008; Latta & Chan, 2011). This article presents findings…

Powassan virus in mammals, Alaska and New Mexico, USA, and Russia, 2004–2007

USGS Publications Warehouse

Deardorff, Eleanor R.; Nofchissey, Robert A.; Cook, Joseph A.; Hope, Andrew G.; Tsvetkova, Albina; Talbot, Sandra L.; Ebel, Gregory D.

2013-01-01

Powassan virus is endemic to the United States, Canada, and the Russian Far East. We report serologic evidence of circulation of this virus in Alaska, New Mexico, and Siberia. These data support further studies of viral ecology in rapidly changing Arctic environments.

Inter-laboratory Comparison of Real-time PCR Methods for Quantification of General Fecal Indicator Bacteria

EPA Science Inventory

The application of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technologies for the rapid identification of fecal bacteria in environmental waters is being considered for use as a national water quality metric in the United States. The transition from research tool to a standardized prot...

Interlaboratory Comparison of Real-time PCR Protocols for Quantification of General Fecal Indicator Bacteria

EPA Science Inventory

The application of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technologies for the rapid identification of fecal bacteria in environmental waters is being considered for use as a national water quality metric in the United States. The transition from research tool to a standardized proto...

Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality andswimming-associated illness at marine beaches: a prospective cohort study

EPA Science Inventory

Background: In the United States and elsewhere, recreational water is monitored for fecal indicator bacteria to prevent illness. Standard methods to measure fecal indicator bacteria take at least 24 hours to obtain results. Molecular approaches such as quantitative polymerase cha...

Powassan Virus in Mammals, Alaska and New Mexico, USA, and Russia, 2004–2007

PubMed Central

Nofchissey, Robert A.; Cook, Joseph A.; Hope, Andrew G.; Tsvetkova, Albina; Talbot, Sandra L.; Ebel, Gregory D.

2013-01-01

Powassan virus is endemic to the United States, Canada, and the Russian Far East. We report serologic evidence of circulation of this virus in Alaska, New Mexico, and Siberia. These data support further studies of viral ecology in rapidly changing Arctic environments. PMID:24274336

Halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus) poisoning in cattle.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus) is a foreign invasive noxious weed from Eurasia, first collected and identified in the United States at Wells, NV in 1934. It is unclear how this weed was introduced but it spread rapidly on overgrazed and depleted desert range. Within 40 years it infested 11.2 mill...

Low-density microarray technologies for rapid human norovirus genotyping

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Human noroviruses cause up to 21 million cases of foodborne disease in the United States annually and are the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in industrialized countries. To reduce the burden of foodborne disease associated with viruses, the use of low density DNA microarrays in conjuncti...

The Blueprint for Life/Work Designs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jarvis, Phil; Richardt, Joan

The "Blueprint" is a common framework of career development competencies that students and adults anywhere in Canada or the United States need to master in order to be successful and self-reliant in planning and managing their careers in a rapidly changing, knowledge-age labor market. A practical resource designed for career…

Transportation infrastructure resiliency : a review of transportation infrastructure resiliency in light of future impacts of climate change

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2013-08-06

The threat of global climate change and its impact on our worlds infrastructure is a rapidly growing reality. Particularly, as seen in recent storm events such as Hurricane Katrina and Sandy in the United States, transportation infrastructure is o...

First report of Xyleborus glabratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and laurel wilt in Louisiana, USA: The disease continues westward on sassafras

Treesearch

Stephen W. Fraedrich; C. Wood Johnson; Roger D. Menard; Thomas C. Harrington; Rabiu Olatinwo; G. Susan Best

2015-01-01

Laurel wilt, caused by Raffaelea lauricola Harrington, Fraedrich & Aghayeva (Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae), has spread rapidly through the coastal plains forests of the southeastern United States (USA) with devastating effects on redbay (Persea borbonia [L.] Spreng.; Laurales: Lauraceae) populations (Fraedrich et...

Dislocated Workers and Midcareer Retraining in Other Industrial Nations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bendick, Marc, Jr.

Market-oriented industrial nations other than the United States have experienced rapid structural changes in their economies and reemployment problems among dislocated midcareer workers. The Swedish active labor market approach is a socialized one. This system has been criticized for excessive reliance on microeconomic labor market programs to…

Sugarcane aphid resistance in sorghum and a host range

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The sugarcane aphid (SCA), Melanaphis sacchari, has been present in the United States primarily on sugarcane in Florida, Hawaii, and Louisiana until 2013 where it was found on grain sorghum near Beaumont, Texas. Since 2013, the SCA has been rapidly spreading and overwintering. Depending on the plant...

BIOACCUMULATION FACTORS AND INTAKE OF 2,3,7,8-POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS IN THE DOMESTIC CHICKEN

EPA Science Inventory

One of the most commercially valuable farm animals in the United States is the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus). Rapidly reared in controlled, intensive environments, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimated the production of these animals exceeded eight billion in ...

Powassan virus in mammals, Alaska and New Mexico, U.S.A., and Russia, 2004-2007.

PubMed

Deardorff, Eleanor R; Nofchissey, Robert A; Cook, Joseph A; Hope, Andrew G; Tsvetkova, Albina; Talbot, Sandra L; Ebel, Gregory D

2013-12-01

Powassan virus is endemic to the United States, Canada, and the Russian Far East. We report serologic evidence of circulation of this virus in Alaska, New Mexico, and Siberia. These data support further studies of viral ecology in rapidly changing Arctic environments.

Smells Like Teen Spirit: Evaluating a Midwestern Teen Court

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norris, Michael; Twill, Sarah; Kim, Chigon

2011-01-01

Teen courts have grown rapidly in the United States despite little evidence of their effectiveness. A survival analysis of 635 teen court and 186 regular diversion participants showed no significant differences in recidivism, although program completers were half as likely to reoffend as noncompleters. Older offenders survived significantly better…

Enhancing the Quality of Life for Hispanic Individuals Through Career Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Wash A.; Larke, Jr., Alvin

2005-01-01

With the rapid population increase of Hispanic (Spanish, Latin American, or Spanish Indian heritage) individuals in the United States, ensuring economic prosperity and stability of this group is critical. This should include increasing their dwindling participation in agriculture-related fields. Hispanic youths often overlook an…

Suicide Prevention in a Diverse Campus Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shadick, Richard; Akhter, Sarah

2013-01-01

As the college population in the United States rapidly diversifies, leaders of successful campus suicide prevention programs are recognizing the importance of targeting specific groups of students. Recent estimates from the National Center for Education Statistics indicated that in 2008 more than one-third (36.7 percent) of college students…

Fatherless America: Confronting Our Most Urgent Social Problem.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blankenhorn, David

The United States is rapidly becoming a fatherless society. Fatherlessness is the leading cause of declining child well-being, providing the impetus behind social problems such as crime, domestic violence, and adolescent pregnancy. Challenging the basic assumptions of opinion leaders in academia and in the media, this book debunks the prevailing…

75 FR 28181 - National Defense Transportation Day and National Transportation Week, 2010

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-20

... ensure America has a world-class logistics and transportation system to support our military readiness... the President of the United States of America A Proclamation The transportation networks of early America connected our rapidly growing Nation with natural waterways and dirt roads, making travel...

3 CFR 8520 - Proclamation 8520 of May 14, 2010. National Defense Transportation Day and National...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... support our military readiness and emergency response capabilities. Our Nation’s transportation arteries... Transportation Week, 2010By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation The transportation networks of early America connected our rapidly growing Nation with natural waterways and dirt roads...

Chinese-English Electronics and Telecommunications Dictionary, Vol. 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. Foreign Technology Div.

This is the second volume of the Electronics and Telecommunications Dictionary, the third of the series of Chinese-English technical dictionaries under preparation by the Foreign Technology Division, United States Air Force Systems Command. The purpose of the series is to provide rapid reference tools for translators, abstracters, and research…

Chinese-English Electronics and Telecommunications Dictionary. Vol. 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. Foreign Technology Div.

This is the first volume of the Electronics and Telecommunications Dictionary, the third of the series of Chinese-English technical dictionaries under preparation by the Foreign Technology Division, United States Air Force Systems Command. The purpose of the series is to provide rapid reference tools for translators, abstracters, and research…

U.S. Women at Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Waite, Linda J.

1981-01-01

Women comprised 43% of the United States labor force in 1980, up from 29% in 1950. The surge in women's employment is linked to more delayed marriage, divorce, separation, women's increased education, lower fertility, rapid growth in clerical and service jobs, inflation, and changed attitudes toward "women's place." Employment has risen…

Advanced network planning for bus rapid transit : the "Quickway" model as a modal alternative to "Light Rail Lite"

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2008-02-01

Transit planning in the United States has tended toward viewing BRT as an analogue to light rail transit, with similar operating patterns. This model, referred to as Light Rail Lite, is compared to international best practices, which have often...

Simultaneous detection and serotyping of Salmonellae by immunomagnetic separation and label-free surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Salmonella spp. are one of the leading causes of foodborne outbreaks in the United States and globally. Current detection and characterization techniques for Salmonellae are time consuming and costly, and rapid methods could greatly benefit outbreak investigation, new case prevention and disease tre...

Volunteerism among Mexican Youth in the United States: The Role of Family Capital

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ishizawa, Hiromi

2014-01-01

This study investigates patterns of volunteerism within a rapidly growing segment of the population, Mexican immigrant and Mexican origin youth, using data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002. These data show that volunteerism varies by immigrant generational status. Contradicting classical assimilation theory, first-generation Mexican…

Microbial Metabolism. Part 11. Metabolites of Flutamide

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Flutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen is a commonly used drug to treat advanced prostate cancer,2) which is one of the leading causes of death in men in the United States.3) It is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal track of humans and rats after oral administration and undergoes extensive m...

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Early Literacy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Byrne, Brian; Olson, Richard K.; Samuelsson, Stefan; Wadsworth, Sally; Corley, Robin; DeFries, John C.; Willcutt, Erik

2006-01-01

Prereading and early reading skills of preschool twin children in Australia, Scandinavia and the United States were explored in a genetically sensitive design (max. N=627 preschool pairs and 422 kindergarten pairs). Analyses indicated a strong genetic influence on preschool phonological awareness, rapid naming and verbal memory. Print awareness,…

Challenging Anti-Immigration Discourses in School and Community Contexts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allexsaht-Snider, Martha; Buxton, Cory A.; Harman, Ruth

2012-01-01

Rapid migration shifts, anti-immigrant discourses in the public sphere, and harsh immigration policies have posed daunting challenges for immigrant students, their families, their teachers, and their communities in the 21st century. Trends in public discourse and law enforcement in the United States mirror developments in European countries with…

Assessment of Arbovirus Surveillance 13 Years after Introduction of West Nile Virus, United States1

PubMed Central

Patel, Dhara; Nasci, Roger S.; Petersen, Lyle R.; Hughes, James M.; Bradley, Kristy; Etkind, Paul; Kan, Lilly; Engel, Jeffrey

2015-01-01

Before 1999, the United States had no appropriated funding for arboviral surveillance, and many states conducted no such surveillance. After emergence of West Nile virus (WNV), federal funding was distributed to state and selected local health departments to build WNV surveillance systems. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists conducted assessments of surveillance capacity of resulting systems in 2004 and in 2012; the assessment in 2012 was conducted after a 61% decrease in federal funding. In 2004, nearly all states and assessed local health departments had well-developed animal, mosquito, and human surveillance systems to monitor WNV activity and anticipate outbreaks. In 2012, many health departments had decreased mosquito surveillance and laboratory testing capacity and had no systematic disease-based surveillance for other arboviruses. Arboviral surveillance in many states might no longer be sufficient to rapidly detect and provide information needed to fully respond to WNV outbreaks and other arboviral threats (e.g., dengue, chikungunya). PMID:26079471

Economic costs of nonmedical use of prescription opioids.

PubMed

Hansen, Ryan N; Oster, Gerry; Edelsberg, John; Woody, George E; Sullivan, Sean D

2011-01-01

Although the economic costs of substance misuse have been extensively examined in the published literature, information on the costs of nonmedical use of prescription opioids is much more limited, despite being a significant and rapidly growing problem in the United States. We estimated the current economic burden of nonmedical use of prescription opioids in the United States in terms of direct substance abuse treatment, medical complications, productivity loss, and criminal justice. We distributed our broad cost estimates among the various drugs of misuse, including prescription opioids, down to the individual drug level. In 2006, the estimated total cost in the United States of nonmedical use of prescription opioids was $53.4 billion, of which $42 billion (79%) was attributable to lost productivity, $8.2 billion (15%) to criminal justice costs, $2.2 billion (4%) to drug abuse treatment, and $944 million to medical complications (2%). Five drugs--OxyContin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, propoxyphene, and methadone--accounted for two-thirds of the total economic burden. The economic cost of nonmedical use of prescription opioids in the United States totals more than $50 billion annually; lost productivity and crime account for the vast majority (94%) of these costs.

Growing, selecting, and establishing 1-0 Quercus rubra and Q alba seedlings for rapid growth and early acorn production on forested lands in the southeastern United States.

Treesearch

Paul P. Kormanik; Shi-Jean S. Sung; Taryn L. Kormanik

2004-01-01

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L., NRO) and white oak (Q. alba L., WO) are among the most valuable oak species in the eastern Untied States and throughout the eastern provinces of Canada. They have a broad geographic distribution: yet no single regeneration mechanism can explain their presence in current stands. Both species...

Thalamic reticular nucleus induces fast and local modulation of arousal state

PubMed Central

Lewis, Laura D; Voigts, Jakob; Flores, Francisco J; Schmitt, L Ian; Wilson, Matthew A

2015-01-01

During low arousal states such as drowsiness and sleep, cortical neurons exhibit rhythmic slow wave activity associated with periods of neuronal silence. Slow waves are locally regulated, and local slow wave dynamics are important for memory, cognition, and behaviour. While several brainstem structures for controlling global sleep states have now been well characterized, a mechanism underlying fast and local modulation of cortical slow waves has not been identified. Here, using optogenetics and whole cortex electrophysiology, we show that local tonic activation of thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) rapidly induces slow wave activity in a spatially restricted region of cortex. These slow waves resemble those seen in sleep, as cortical units undergo periods of silence phase-locked to the slow wave. Furthermore, animals exhibit behavioural changes consistent with a decrease in arousal state during TRN stimulation. We conclude that TRN can induce rapid modulation of local cortical state. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08760.001 PMID:26460547

Quantifying the hurricane risk to offshore wind turbines

PubMed Central

Rose, Stephen; Jaramillo, Paulina; Small, Mitchell J.; Grossmann, Iris; Apt, Jay

2012-01-01

The U.S. Department of Energy has estimated that if the United States is to generate 20% of its electricity from wind, over 50 GW will be required from shallow offshore turbines. Hurricanes are a potential risk to these turbines. Turbine tower buckling has been observed in typhoons, but no offshore wind turbines have yet been built in the United States. We present a probabilistic model to estimate the number of turbines that would be destroyed by hurricanes in an offshore wind farm. We apply this model to estimate the risk to offshore wind farms in four representative locations in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal waters of the United States. In the most vulnerable areas now being actively considered by developers, nearly half the turbines in a farm are likely to be destroyed in a 20-y period. Reasonable mitigation measures—increasing the design reference wind load, ensuring that the nacelle can be turned into rapidly changing winds, and building most wind plants in the areas with lower risk—can greatly enhance the probability that offshore wind can help to meet the United States’ electricity needs. PMID:22331894

Innovation and Technology: Electronic Intensive Care Unit Diaries.

PubMed

Scruth, Elizabeth A; Oveisi, Nazanin; Liu, Vincent

2017-01-01

Hospitalization in the intensive care unit can be a stressful time for patients and their family members. Patients' family members often have difficulty processing all of the information that is given to them. Therefore, an intensive care unit diary can serve as a conduit for synthesizing information, maintaining connection with patients, and maintaining a connection with family members outside the intensive care unit. Paper intensive care unit diaries have been used outside the United States for many years. This article explores the development of an electronic intensive care unit diary using a rapid prototyping model to accelerate the process. Initial results of design testing demonstrate that it is feasible, useful, and desirable to consider the implementation of electronic intensive care unit diaries for patients at risk for post-intensive care syndrome. ©2017 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

Recuiting, Advertising and Marketing Strategies in All-Volunteer Force Nations: Case Studies of Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-12-01

Vass 2007; Australian Defence Force 2011). The mining industry is considered a direct competitor, as it has experienced rapid employment growth for...military must compete with the transportation, mining , engineering, construction and health sectors (Defence Force Recruiting 2010b). The Navy met many...national team, the Opals . The sponsorship was timed to promote the launching of the defencejobs website. This effort attempted to project the ADF brand

History of the Fifteenth United States Army. 21 August 1944 to 11 July 1945

DTIC Science & Technology

1946-12-13

depots together with complete inventories . c. Complete rosters by unit, grade and organization of all members of his command. d. A roster of all...and wea’pons will b@ neatly stacked by front line troops so that rapid inventory is possible. Inventory will be made by the German Fortress Command...in centrally located warehouses or field dumps at battalion level, inventoried and located on overlays, copies of which will be delivered as directed

Climate controls the distribution of a widespread invasive species: Implications for future range expansion

USGS Publications Warehouse

McDowell, W.G.; Benson, A.J.; Byers, J.E.

2014-01-01

1. Two dominant drivers of species distributions are climate and habitat, both of which are changing rapidly. Understanding the relative importance of variables that can control distributions is critical, especially for invasive species that may spread rapidly and have strong effects on ecosystems. 2. Here, we examine the relative importance of climate and habitat variables in controlling the distribution of the widespread invasive freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea, and we model its future distribution under a suite of climate scenarios using logistic regression and maximum entropy modelling (MaxEnt). 3. Logistic regression identified climate variables as more important than habitat variables in controlling Corbicula distribution. MaxEnt modelling predicted Corbicula's range expansion westward and northward to occupy half of the contiguous United States. By 2080, Corbicula's potential range will expand 25–32%, with more than half of the continental United States being climatically suitable. 4. Our combination of multiple approaches has revealed the importance of climate over habitat in controlling Corbicula's distribution and validates the climate-only MaxEnt model, which can readily examine the consequences of future climate projections. 5. Given the strong influence of climate variables on Corbicula's distribution, as well as Corbicula's ability to disperse quickly and over long distances, Corbicula is poised to expand into New England and the northern Midwest of the United States. Thus, the direct effects of climate change will probably be compounded by the addition of Corbicula and its own influences on ecosystem function.

An assessment of seismic monitoring in the United States; requirement for an Advanced National Seismic System

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1999-01-01

This report assesses the status, needs, and associated costs of seismic monitoring in the United States. It sets down the requirement for an effective, national seismic monitoring strategy and an advanced system linking national, regional, and urban monitoring networks. Modernized seismic monitoring can provide alerts of imminent strong earthquake shaking; rapid assessment of distribution and severity of earthquake shaking (for use in emergency response); warnings of a possible tsunami from an offshore earthquake; warnings of volcanic eruptions; information for correctly characterizing earthquake hazards and for improving building codes; and data on response of buildings and structures during earthquakes, for safe, cost-effective design, engineering, and construction practices in earthquake-prone regions.

The Soriano Award Lecture. Emerging infections of the nervous system.

PubMed

Johnson, R T

1994-06-01

The epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency disease [AIDS] has focused interest on the origins of "new" infectious agents. Great plagues are well known from the distant past, but a number of novel diseases affecting the nervous system infections have emerged in recent years. The causes of such new disorders are diverse: whereas rapid mutations of microbes allow the evolution of truly novel agents, the appearance of new diseases is more often due to changes in human or vector populations or changes in societal mores that result in dissemination of preexistent microbes. Examples of recently emerging infections that involve the nervous system include the enterovirus 70 epidemics with poliomyelitis-like disease, the appearance of California virus encephalitis in the midwestern United States, the rapid spread of Lyme disease with its many neurological complications in the eastern United States, and the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the United Kingdom, in addition to the devastating epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which will cause nervous system disease in over half of those infected. As the world population increases and modern transportation brings us closer into a "global village" more new agents will emerge and more will be sustained. Knowledge of the molecular biology and ecology of the agents and awareness of how our actions can alter their behavior are our best defense.

Practical Value of Food Pathogen Traceability through Building a Whole-Genome Sequencing Network and Database

PubMed Central

Strain, Errol; Melka, David; Bunning, Kelly; Musser, Steven M.; Brown, Eric W.; Timme, Ruth

2016-01-01

The FDA has created a United States-based open-source whole-genome sequencing network of state, federal, international, and commercial partners. The GenomeTrakr network represents a first-of-its-kind distributed genomic food shield for characterizing and tracing foodborne outbreak pathogens back to their sources. The GenomeTrakr network is leading investigations of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and compliance actions with more accurate and rapid recalls of contaminated foods as well as more effective monitoring of preventive controls for food manufacturing environments. An expanded network would serve to provide an international rapid surveillance system for pathogen traceback, which is critical to support an effective public health response to bacterial outbreaks. PMID:27008877

Applications of pharmacogenomics in regulatory science: a product life cycle review.

PubMed

Tan-Koi, W C; Leow, P C; Teo, Y Y

2018-05-22

With rapid developments of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and regulatory science, it is important to understand the current PGx integration in product life cycle, impact on clinical practice thus far and opportunities ahead. We conducted a cross-sectional review on PGx-related regulatory documents and implementation guidelines in the United States and Europe. Our review found that although PGx-related guidance in both markets span across the entire product life cycle, the scope of implementation guidelines varies across two continents. Approximately one-third of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs with PGx information in drug labels and half of the European labels posted on PharmGKB website contain recommendations on genetic testing. The drugs affected 19 and 15 World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical drug classes (fourth level) in the United States and Europe, respectively, with protein kinase inhibitors (13 drugs in the United States and 16 drugs in Europe) being most prevalent. Topics of emerging interest were novel technologies, adaptive design in clinical trial and sample collection.

Online Sales of Unscheduled Pharmaceutical Agents: A Case Report of Tianeptine Use in the United States.

PubMed

Gupta, Swapnil; Wallace, Ryan; Sloshower, Jordan

: Tianeptine is a tricyclic antidepressant that stimulates mu-opioid receptors at high doses. It is marketed and used across Europe and Latin America as an antidepressant, but is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the United States. In the United States, tianeptine is sold through online health stores as a cognition enhancer, dietary supplement, or as research chemical. We report the case of a 36-year-old man with a history of major depressive disorder, responsive to sertraline, who turned to the unmonitored use of tianeptine purchased online to treat residual feelings of apathy and boredom. His use of tianeptine was marked by rapidly escalating doses and a significant withdrawal syndrome that made discontinuation of this substance difficult. This case serves as a reminder that unscheduled pharmaceutical agents are available for misuse by the general population and have the potential to cause significant harm. Therefore, medical providers must be aware of and screen for the use of such products amongst their patients.

Profile surveys along Henrys Fork, Idaho, and Logan River and Blacksmith Fork, Utah

USGS Publications Warehouse

Herron, William Harrison

1916-01-01

In order to determine the location of undeveloped water powers the United States Geological Survey has from time to time, alone and in cooperation with State organizations, made surveys and profiles of some of the rivers of the United States that are adapted to the development of power by low or medium heads of 20 to 100 feet.The surveys are made by means of plane table and stadia. Elevations are based on heights derived from primary or precise levels of the United States Geological Survey. The maps/are made in the field, and show not only the outlines of the river banks, the islands, the positions of rapids/falls, shoals, and existing dams, and the crossings of all ferries and roads, but the contours of banks to an elevation high enough to indicate the possibility of using the stream. The elevations of the various bench marks left are noted on the field sheets in their proper positions. The figures given with the gaging stations shown on the maps indicate the elevation of the zero of the gage.

Surveillance for Waterborne Disease Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water - United States, 2013-2014.

PubMed

Benedict, Katharine M; Reses, Hannah; Vigar, Marissa; Roth, David M; Roberts, Virginia A; Mattioli, Mia; Cooley, Laura A; Hilborn, Elizabeth D; Wade, Timothy J; Fullerton, Kathleen E; Yoder, Jonathan S; Hill, Vincent R

2017-11-10

Provision of safe water in the United States is vital to protecting public health (1). Public health agencies in the U.S. states and territories* report information on waterborne disease outbreaks to CDC through the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) (https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/surveillance/index.html). During 2013-2014, 42 drinking water-associated † outbreaks were reported, accounting for at least 1,006 cases of illness, 124 hospitalizations, and 13 deaths. Legionella was associated with 57% of these outbreaks and all of the deaths. Sixty-nine percent of the reported illnesses occurred in four outbreaks in which the etiology was determined to be either a chemical or toxin or the parasite Cryptosporidium. Drinking water contamination events can cause disruptions in water service, large impacts on public health, and persistent community concern about drinking water quality. Effective water treatment and regulations can protect public drinking water supplies in the United States, and rapid detection, identification of the cause, and response to illness reports can reduce the transmission of infectious pathogens and harmful chemicals and toxins.

The Occurrence of the Rat Lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, in Nonindigenous Snails in the Gulf of Mexico Region of the United States

PubMed Central

Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Bishop, Henry S; da Silva, Alexandre J; Carter, Jacoby; White-Mclean, Jodi; Smith, Trevor

2013-01-01

Nonindigenous apple snails, Pomacea maculata (formerly Pomacea insularum), are currently spreading rapidly through the southeastern United States. This mollusk serves as an intermediate host of the rat lungworm parasite (Angiostrongylus cantonensis), which can cause eosinophilic meningitis in humans who consume infected mollusks. A PCR-based detection assay was used to test nonindigenous apple snails for the rat lungworm parasite in Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, and Florida. Only apple snails obtained from the New Orleans, Louisiana, area tested positive for the parasite. These results provide the first evidence that Angiostrongylus cantonensis does occur in nonindigenous apple snails in the southeastern United States. Additionally, Angiostrongylus cantonensis was identified in the terrestrial species Achatina fulica in Miami, Florida, indicating that rat lungworm is now established in Florida as well as Louisiana. Although the study suggests that the rat lungworm is not widespread in the Gulf States region, the infected snail population could still pose a risk to human health and facilitate the spread of the parasite to new areas. PMID:23901374

The occurrence of the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, in nonindigenous snails in the Gulf of Mexico region of the United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Teem, John L.; Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Bishop, Henry S.; da Silva, Alexandre J.; Carter, Jacoby; White-McLean, Jodi; Smith, Trevor

2013-01-01

Nonindigenous apple snails, Pomacea maculata (formerly Pomacea insularum), are currently spreading rapidly through the southeastern United States. This mollusk serves as an intermediate host of the rat lungworm parasite (Angiostrongylus cantonensis), which can cause eosinophilic meningitis in humans who consume infected mollusks. A PCR-based detection assay was used to test nonindigenous apple snails for the rat lungworm parasite in Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, and Florida. Only apple snails obtained from the New Orleans, Louisiana, area tested positive for the parasite. These results provide the first evidence that Angiostrongylus cantonensis does occur in nonindigenous apple snails in the southeastern United States. Additionally, Angiostrongylus cantonensis was identified in the terrestrial species Achatina fulica in Miami, Florida, indicating that rat lungworm is now established in Florida as well as Louisiana. Although the study suggests that the rat lungworm is not widespread in the Gulf States region, the infected snail population could still pose a risk to human health and facilitate the spread of the parasite to new areas.

The USGS World Energy Program

USGS Publications Warehouse

Ahlbrandt, Thomas S.

1997-01-01

The world has recently experienced rapid change to market-driven economies and increasing reliance on petroleum supplies from areas of political instability. The interplay of unprecedented growth of the global population, increasing worldwide energy demand, and political instability in two major petroleum exporting regions (the former Soviet Union and the Middle East) requires that the United States maintains a current, reliable, objective assessment of the world's energy resources. The need is compounded by the environmental implications of rapid increases in coal use in the Far East and international pressure on consumption of fossil fuels.

Mineral resource of the month: Iron and steel

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fenton, Michael D.

2014-01-01

Since 2008, steelmaking capacity has greatly exceeded apparent steel consumption, primarily as a result of China’s rapid economic expansion and rapidly increasing capacity. This has resulted in an influx of steel products into the United States and other steelmaking countries that already have excess capacity. Demand by China’s steelmakers has also driven unprecedented increases in the prices of iron ore and metallurgical coal. In the short term, steelmaking capacity, globally and especially in China, is expected to continue to exceed steel consumption, with steel prices and production costs remaining stable.

77 FR 66081 - Notice of Lodging of Proposed Consent Decree Under the Clean Air Act

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-01

... District Court for the Western District of Michigan in the lawsuit entitled United States v. Kellogg USA... Implementation Plan, for violations at Kellogg's cereal and snack food manufacturing plants located in Battle Creek, Michigan and Grand Rapids, Michigan. The proposed Consent Decree requires Kellogg to reduce its...

First analysis of risk factors associated with bee colony collapse disorder by classification and regression trees

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Sudden losses of managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies are considered an important problem worldwide but the underlying cause or causes of these losses are currently unknown. In the United States, this syndrome was termed Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), since the defining trait was a rapid ...

Design-Based Online Teacher Professional Development to Introduce Integration of STEM in Pakistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anwar, Tasneem

2017-01-01

In today's global society where innovations spread rapidly, the escalating focus on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) has quickly intensified in the United States, East Asia and much of Western Europe. Our ever-changing, increasingly global society faces many multidisciplinary problems, and many of the solutions require the…

Breaking Barriers to Bike Share: Insights on Equity from a Survey of Bike Share System Owners and Operators

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-05-01

The number of public bike share systems has been increasing rapidly across the United States over the past five to 10 years. To date, most academic research around bike share in the U.S. has focused on the logistics of planning and operationalizing s...

College Diversity Experiences and Cognitive Development: A Meta-Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowman, Nicholas A.

2010-01-01

In light of rapid demographic shifts and legal challenges to affirmative action in the United States, the issue of diversity on college campuses is of increasing importance. Most syntheses of research on diversity interactions and educational outcomes have focused on attitude change, such as reductions in prejudice or racial bias. Despite the…

Chief Diversity Officers' Perceptions of Institutionally Sustainable Diversity Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Rong

2017-01-01

This exploratory and descriptive study investigated the degree to which a NACUBO Economic Models Project framework is perceived by Chief Diversity Officers (CDOs) as being a relevant tool for sustaining diversity core values in institutional diversity program operations. In response to the rapidly changing demographics of the United States and the…

Increasing importance of deposition of reduced nitrogen in the United States

Treesearch

Yi Li; Bret A. Schichtel; John T. Walker; Donna B. Schwede; Xi Chen; Christopher M. B. Lehmann; Melissa A. Puchalski; David A. Gay; Jeffrey L. Collett

2016-01-01

Rapid development of agriculture and fossil fuel combustion greatly increased US reactive nitrogen emissions to the atmosphere in the second half of the 20th century, resulting in excess nitrogen deposition to natural ecosystems. Recent efforts to lower nitrogen oxides emissions have substantially decreased nitrate wet deposition. Levels of wet ammonium...

International Education for Spaceship Earth.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

King, David C.

This book is based on an extensive study conducted by the Foreign Policy Association for the United States Office of Education on needs and priorities in international education. To give students adequate preparation for today's world of constant and rapid change the schools must help them gain a global perspective of the world as a single system.…

These Hallowed Halls: African American Women College and University Presidents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bates, Gerri

2007-01-01

Early laws prohibited African Americans from learning to read and write in the United States. The right to an education has produced a significant number of African American women acquiring higher education. Racial and gender diversity at the presidential level in higher education 4-year institutions appears to be changing rapidly. The data…

Truck freight crossing the Canada-U.S. border : an analysis of the cross-border component of the 1999 Canadian National Roadside Study

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2002-09-23

The United States and Canada are each others largest trading partner. Trade and traffic between the countries, especially by land transportation, has been increasing at a rapid rate over the past 25 years. This study, produced by the Eastern Border T...

Benchmarking Quality in Online Degree Programs Status and Prospects

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mariasingam, Michael A.; Hanna, Donald E.

2006-01-01

The number of online degree programs offered by universities, both within the United States and in other countries around the globe, has expanded remarkably from the year 2000 to 2005. Recent research [Pond (2002), Twigg, (2001), Swail and Kampits (2001), Nielson (1997)] indicates that this rapid expansion has superceded the understanding of how…

Cubic-Foot Volume Tables for Southern Applachian White Pine Plantations

Treesearch

John P. Vimmerstedt

1961-01-01

Some of the earliest successful forest plantations in the United States were those of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) established about 1900 on the Biltmore Estate near Asheville, North Carolina. Since that time white pine has played an increasingly important role in reforestation in the southern Appalachians. Growth is rapid, the wood is...

Advocating for the McKinney-Vento Homelessness Act: The Role of Professional Counselors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sosa, Sandra I.; Peek, Sarah; Muhammad, Sharien; Gonder, Ty; Cook, Janice; Bolton, Jessica; Parrish, Mark S.

2015-01-01

Homeless youth in the United States is rapidly increasing with more children living in unstable or temporary environments. They may encounter difficulties meeting enrollment requirements, have poor attendance, low academic performance, and experience behavioral and emotional issues. The reauthorization of McKinney-Vento Act (MCKV) in 2002 was…

Conditions of Employment and Income Distribution in Mexico as Incentives for Mexican Migration to the United States: Prospects to the End of the Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

James, Dilmus D.; Evans, John S.

1979-01-01

This paper examines factors contributing to the flow of undocumented migrants from Mexico, demonstrating the problem to be both massive and enduring. Focused on are the inadequate growth of productive employment, income inequality, and rapid population growth. (Author/EB)

The Effects of Computerized Instruction and Systematic Presentation and Review of Math Fact Acquisition and Fluency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reynolds, Jennifer L.

2010-01-01

Cross country investigations have repeatedly demonstrated the disappointing math performance of students in the United States (Beatty, 1997; Ferrini-Mundy & Schmidt, 2005). The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000) listed failure to rapidly recall basic facts as a common problem associated with disabilities in mathematics and…

Measles: Current Status and Outbreak Control on Campus.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amler, Robert W.; Orenstein, Walter A.

1984-01-01

The current effort to eliminate measles in the United States has caused record low levels of the disease. This strategy must continue to be applied in order to break the transmission of measles on college campuses through high immunization levels, promotion of rapid reporting of cases, and quick responses to outbreaks. (Author/DF)

Using berry impact recording device for bruising assessment in southern highbush blueberry

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Blueberries are prone to bruise damages and bruising leads to a rapid increase in the amount of decay. Due to excessive bruising damages caused by machine harvesters, the vast majority of the fruit destined for the fresh market is hand-harvested currently in the United States. The industry needs m...

High-throughput biosensors for multiplexed foodborne pathogen detection

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Incidental contamination of foods by harmful bacteria (such as E. coli and Salmonella) and the toxins that they produce is a serious threat to public health and the economy in the United States. The presence of such bacteri and toxins in foods must be rapidly determined at various stages of food pr...

Spatial patterns of development drive water use

Treesearch

G. M. Sanchez; J. W. Smith; A. Terando; G. Sun; R. K. Meentemeyer

2018-01-01

Water availability is becoming more uncertain as human populations grow, cities expand into rural regions and the climate changes. In this study, we examine the functional relationship between water use and the spatial patterns of developed land across the rapidly growing region of the southeastern United States. We quantified the spatial pattern of developed land...

Postfire logging in riparian areas.

Treesearch

Gordon H. Reeves; Peter A. Bisson; Bruce E. Rieman; Lee E. Benda

2006-01-01

We reviewed the behavior of wildfire in riparian zones, primarily in the western United States, and the potential ecological consequences of postfire logging. Fire behavior in riparian zones is complex, but many aquatic and riparian organisms exhibit a suite of adaptations that allow relatively rapid recovery after fire. Unless constrained by other factors, fish tend...

Changes in How We See Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curtis, Deb

2011-01-01

Teachers' view of children and childhood is rapidly changing in response to the pressures of modern life, new research on brain development and learning, as well as the belief that many young children in the United States are not ready for school. There are powerful messages coming from commercial, social, and political interests, as well as from…

The Mexican Health Paradox: Expanding the Explanatory Power of the Acculturation Construct

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horevitz, Elizabeth; Organista, Kurt C.

2013-01-01

The Mexican health paradox refers to initially favorable health and mental health outcomes among recent Mexican immigrants to the United States. The subsequent rapid decline in Mexican health outcomes has been attributed to the process of acculturation to U.S. culture. However, the construct of acculturation has come under significant criticism…

Focal Points, Endogenous Processes, and Exogenous Shocks in the Autism Epidemic

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Kayuet; Bearman, Peter S.

2015-01-01

Autism prevalence has increased rapidly in the United States during the past two decades. We have previously shown that the diffusion of information about autism through spatially proximate social relations has contributed significantly to the epidemic. This study expands on this finding by identifying the focal points for interaction that drive…

Understanding the End User Perspective: A Multiple-Case Study of Successful Health Information Technology Implementation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Behravesh, Bardia

2010-01-01

The United States continues to lag behind other countries in its adoption of health information technology. A failure to increase adoption will jeopardize the nation's ability to reduce medical errors, address the rapid growth of healthcare costs, and enact effective healthcare reform. Health information technology (HIT) implementation success…

Study and Test to Confirm Automobile Drivetrain Components to Improve Fuel Economy : Volume 1. History of the Automobile Transmission in the United States

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1979-05-01

Since the earliest days of the motor car, engineers have tinkered together various means of connecting the engine to the ground. While the wheel rapidly became the norm for the ground/vehicle interface, many different engine/wheel coupling techniques...

Riparian Areas of the Southwest: Learning from Repeat Photographs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zaimes, George N.; Crimmins, Michael A.

2010-01-01

Spatial and temporal variability of riparian areas, as well as potential impacts from climate change, are concepts that land and water managers and stakeholders need to understand to effectively manage and protect riparian areas. Rapid population growth in the southwestern United States, and multiple-use designation of most riparian areas, makes…

Future Land-Use Changes and the Potential for Novelty in Ecosystems of the United States

Treesearch

Sebastian Martinuzzi; Gregorio I. Gavier-Pizarro; Ariel E. Lugo; Volker C. Radeloff

2015-01-01

Rapid global changes due to changing land use, climate, and non-native species are altering environmental conditions, resulting in more novel communities with unprecedented species combinations. Understanding how future anthropogenic changes may affect novelty in ecosystems is important to advance environmental management and ecological research in the Anthropocene....

Using Inquiry to Break the Language Barrier

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ricketts, Amy

2011-01-01

The more than five million English language learners (ELLs) in the United States represent over 10% of students enrolled in public schools--and this number is growing rapidly. From 1997 to 2007, growth of ELL enrollment exceeded that of overall enrollment by more than six to one. Regardless of where they teach, science educators will undoubtedly…

Air Mobility Command Global Reach to Africa: Sustained Rapid Global Mobility to United States Africa Command

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-06-12

the entire Global Reach Laydown (GRL) strategy. Finally, analysis within this paper shows a correlation between political climate , basing, ground...17 Analysis of Literature...study researched Air Mobility Command (AMC) delivery of DoD resources to and through USAFRICOM. Specifically, the research and analysis within

Sustaining the productivity of planted forests

Treesearch

R.F. Powers; A.E. Tiarks; J.A. Burger; M.C. Carter

1996-01-01

Conversion of natural forests to plantations, particularly in the tropics, has drawn global attention and concern. Moreover, plantation forestry is on the rise, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where growth rates are rapid. Even in the United States, where even-age silviculture is being deemphasized on public land (only about 15 percent of all plantings...

Colliding Worlds: Practical and Political Tensions of Prekindergarten Implementation in Public Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCabe, Lisa A.; Sipple, John W.

2011-01-01

This chapter examines how the previously distinct worlds of early childhood education (ECE) and K-12 public school education are being drawn together through the recent and rapid advances of prekindergarten programming in the United States. Tensions around teaching philosophies, teacher qualifications, and financing are presented to illustrate the…

Confronting Rapid Change: Exploring the Practices of Educational Leaders in a Rural Boomtown

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McHenry-Sorber, Erin; Provinzano, Kathleen

2017-01-01

Hydraulic fracturing has altered the face of rural communities across the United States, creating new demands for educational leaders. This in-depth qualitative study explores how rural educational leaders in a heavily drilled community experience and respond to these challenges with a focus on increased local student transiency, homelessness, and…

Interior Design Supports Art Education: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clemons, Stephanie A.

2006-01-01

Interior design, as a field of study, is a rapidly growing area of interest--particularly for teenagers in the United States. Part of this interest stems from the proliferation of design-related reality shows available through television media. Some art educators and curriculum specialists in the nation perceive the study of interior spaces as a…

Are native songbird populations affected by non-native plant invasion?

Treesearch

Amanda M. Conover; Christopher K. Williams; Vincent. D' Amico

2011-01-01

Development into forested areas is occurring rapidly across the United States, and many of the remnant forests within suburban landscapes are being fragmented into smaller patches, impacting the quality of this habitat for avian species. An ecological effect linked to forest fragmentation is the invasion of non-native plants into the ecosystem.

Representation, Geographic Districting, and Social Justice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webster, Gerald R.

2004-01-01

The United States is undergoing rapid demographic change leading to growing racial, ethnic, religious and economic diversity in our classrooms. Our students can be sensitized to this growing diversity through exposure to the concept of social justice. The purpose of this article is to provide examples of how social justice issues can be included…

Measuring Process Elements in Reflective Supervision: An Instrument in the Making

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finello, Karen Moran; Heffron, Mary Claire; Stroud, Barbara

2016-01-01

Reflective supervision is increasingly mandated in evidence-based infant and early childhood programs and is, therefore, experiencing rapid expansion across the United States. The growing interest in reflective supervision has led to new questions about how to train, support, and gauge the competency of supervisors who are supporting and educating…

Understanding the Plight of Immigrant and Refugee Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ruiz, Melissa; Kabler, Brenda; Sugarman, Melissa

2011-01-01

Refugee and immigrant children constitute one of the fastest growing groups in the United States, with numbers increasing to an estimated 9 million children by the end of 2010. The Upper Darby School District, located in the southeast corner of Pennsylvania, has witnessed the rapid growth of a diverse immigrant and refugee population during the…

Multiple Ceratocystis smalleyi infections associated with reduced stem water transport in bitternut hickory

Treesearch

J.-H. Park; J. Juzwik; J. Cavender-Bares

2013-01-01

Hundreds of cankers caused by Ceratocystis smalleyi are associated with hickory bark beetle-attacked bitternut hickory exhibiting rapid crown decline in the north-central and northeastern United States. Discolored sapwood colonized by the fungus commonly underlies the cankers. Field studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that C....

Early College High School: Closing the Latino Achievement Gap

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beall, Kristen Ann

2016-01-01

The population of United States Latino students is growing at a rapid rate but their academic achievement lags behind white and Asian students. This issue has significant consequences for the nation's economy, as the job market continues to demand more education and better skills. Early College High School programs have the potential to improve…

Managing Contracts For Educational Equity: Emerging Trends and Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burch, Patricia

2010-01-01

The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented expansion of the influence of the private sector in all aspects of public education. Across the United States, test publishers, software companies, virtual charter school operators, and other industries are rapidly moving to take advantage of the significant revenues made available by public policies.…

Comparative study of shell swab and shell crush methods for the recovery of Salmonella from shell eggs

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Egg associated Salmonella Enteritidis outbreaks have been a major cause of foodborne illness in Japan as well as in the United States and several European countries. Researchers have been attempting to develop a rapid and highly sensitive method for the recovery of microorganisms from shell eggs. ...

Teaching about Islam in Secondary Schools: Curricular and Pedagogical Considerations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, James R.

2006-01-01

Current demographic trends are contributing to a rapid increase in religious, racial, and ethnic diversity in the United States. This article provides a rationale for teaching about religious diversity, particularly Islam, in public schools and the vital role religion has played in American history. The article provides readers with important…

A Critical Analysis of the Research on Student Homelessness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Peter M.

2011-01-01

Since the onset of the economic recession, rates of student homelessness have increased rapidly in urban, suburban, and rural school districts throughout the United States. Despite the widespread urgency of the issue, there is a lack of general coherence in the research about how diverse conditions of homelessness affect students and how schools…

Social and Economic Context. Trends and Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lumsden, Linda, Comp.; Coffey, Elizabeth, Comp.

Schools are very sensitive to the rapid social, economic, and demographic changes that the United States is presently undergoing. They are at a disadvantage compared to most other social institutions because, in serving a younger population, they have less lead time to prepare for changes in the complexion of society. Young people in today's world…

Infusing Multicultural and Social Justice Competencies within Counseling Practice: A Guide for Trainers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sheely-Moore, Angela I.; Kooyman, Leslie

2011-01-01

In light of the rapidly changing demographics of the United States, it is imperative for counselor educators and trainers of mental health professionals to infuse instructional strategies that promote multicultural and social justice (MSJ) competencies for trainees. The purpose of this article is to translate MSJ-based teaching strategies within…

Mexican American Social Workers' Perceptions of Doctoral Education and Academia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tijerina, Mary; Deepak, Anne C.

2014-01-01

An increase in Latinos in the social work academy is critical due to current underrepresentation in social work education programs and rapid Latino population growth in the United States. In this qualitative study, perceptions of Mexican American master's of social work-level practitioners regarding social work doctoral education and academia were…

Rethinking Nationalism: Seeking Answers for Future Black Voices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shockley, KMT G.

2004-01-01

Many organizations that conduct statistical analyses of demographic information indicate that the United States is rapidly becoming a more diverse place (e.g. U.S. Census, 2000). Many of the major newspapers such as the Washington Post on March 7, 2003, seemed eager to print stories about Hispanics "overtaking" Blacks as the nation's…

Top Strategic Issues Facing HBCUs, Now and into the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge-Clark, Kristen; Daniels, Brandon D.

2014-01-01

Created in a time of segregation and discrimination to educate students of color, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have played a pivotal role in transforming the landscape of higher education in the United States. Today, in an era of rapid transformation, HBCUs face historic challenges as well as new obstacles. Questions about…

Digital Games and Language Teaching and Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sykes, Julie M.

2018-01-01

The digital gaming industry has captured the public's attention worldwide and in the United States alone, the video game industry is predicted to increase by 30% from 2010 to 2019, reaching $19.6 billion in revenue (Takahashi, 2015, n.p.). Not surprisingly, digital gameplay is also rapidly expanding in educational domains. Although researchers…

What does moisture-related durability of wood bonds mean?

Treesearch

Charles R. Frihart; Daniel J. Yelle; Alex C. Wiedenhoeft

2008-01-01

The accelerated test methods that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable wood adhesives generally involve subjecting the bonded assembly to abnormally rapid and extreme moisture exposure or cycling. In the United States and Canada, these tests for moisture durability have been established, but selection of the appropriate test methods for the different service...

Working with Diverse Learners and School Staff in a Multicultural Society. Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, William; And Others

With the rapidly changing population demographics of the United States and significant growth of diverse multicultural groups, schools and professionals are being challenged on how to provide the best comprehensive educational and support services to their increasingly diverse student population. The changes between 1980 and 1990 have been…

Training in the '80's: An Economic Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klein, Carl

During the last decade, the manufacture of commodities has become increasingly simple, and as a result, has increasingly been exported from the United States to low-wage regions of the world. On the other hand, the U.S. economy has become increasingly service oriented, with service-sector jobs growing rapidly while manufacturing jobs decline. In…

Use of mycelium and detached leaves in bioassays for assessing resistance to boxwood blight

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Boxwood blight caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata is a newly emergent disease of boxwood (Buxus L.) in the United States that causes leaf drop, stem lesions, and plant death. A rapid and reliable laboratory assay that enables screening hundreds of boxwood genotypes for resistance to boxwood blig...

75 FR 56911 - Request for Public Comment on the United States Standards for Corn

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-17

... corn marketing and define U.S. corn quality in the domestic and global marketplace. They define commonly used industry terms; contain basic principles governing the application of standards such as the... at any point in the marketing chain. These tests yield rapid, reliable, and consistent results. In...

There's an App for that: Smartphone Use in Health and Physical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cummiskey, Matthew

2011-01-01

Smartphone use in the United States is growing rapidly and focuses mainly on sedentary activities, such as texting, gaming, and web browsing. Therefore, it is important that educators teach students the positive health-enhancing possibilities of smartphones. Apps exist for monitoring food consumption, planning meals, calculating BMI, and recording…

Evaluation of High Resolution Rapid Refresh-Smoke (HRRR-Smoke) model products for a case study using surface PM2.5 observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deanes, L. N.; Ahmadov, R.; McKeen, S. A.; Manross, K.; Grell, G. A.; James, E.

2016-12-01

Wildfires are increasing in number and size in the western United States as climate change contributes to warmer and drier conditions in this region. These fires lead to poor air quality and diminished visibility. The High Resolution Rapid Refresh-Smoke modeling system (HRRR-Smoke) is designed to simulate fire emissions and smoke transport with high resolution. The model is based on the Weather Research and Forecasting model, coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and uses fire detection data from the Visible Infrared and Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellite instrument to simulate wildfire emissions and their plume rise. HRRR-Smoke is used in both real-time applications and case studies. In this study, we evaluate the HRRR-Smoke for August 2015, during one of the worst wildfire seasons on record in the United States, by focusing on wildfires that occurred in the northwestern US. We compare HRRR-Smoke simulations with hourly fine particulate matter (PM2.5) observations from the Air Quality System (https://www.epa.gov/aqs) from multiple air quality monitoring sites in Washington state. PM2.5 data includes measurements from urban, suburban and remote sites in the state. We discuss the model performance in capturing large PM2.5 enhancements detected at surface sites due to wildfires. We present various statistical parameters to demonstrate HRRR-Smoke's performance in simulating surface PM2.5 levels.

State-Level Cancer Quality Assessment and Research

PubMed Central

Lipscomb, Joseph; Gillespie, Theresa W.

2016-01-01

Over a decade ago, the Institute of Medicine called for a national cancer data system in the United States to support quality-of-care assessment and improvement, including research on effective interventions. Although considerable progress has been achieved in cancer quality measurement and effectiveness research, the nation still lacks a population-based data infrastructure for accurately identifying cancer patients and tracking services and outcomes over time. For compelling reasons, the most effective pathway forward may be the development of state-level cancer data systems, in which central registry data are linked to multiple public and private secondary sources. These would include administrative/claims files from Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurers. Moreover, such a state-level system would promote rapid learning by encouraging adoption of near-real-time reporting and feedback systems, such as the Commission on Cancer’s new Rapid Quality Reporting System. The groundwork for such a system is being laid in the state of Georgia, and similar work is advancing in other states. The pace of progress depends on the successful resolution of issues related to the application of information technology, financing, and governance. PMID:21799333

Raccoon Roundworm Infection Associated with Central Nervous System Disease and Ocular Disease - Six States, 2013-2015.

PubMed

Sircar, Anita D; Abanyie, Francisca; Blumberg, Dean; Chin-Hong, Peter; Coulter, Katrina S; Cunningham, Dennis; Huskins, W Charles; Langelier, Charles; Reid, Michael; Scott, Brian J; Shirley, Debbie-Ann; Babik, Jennifer M; Belova, Aleksandra; Sapp, Sarah G H; McAuliffe, Isabel; Rivera, Hilda N; Yabsley, Michael J; Montgomery, Susan P

2016-09-09

Baylisascaris procyonis, predominantly found in raccoons, is a ubiquitous roundworm found throughout North America. Although raccoons are typically asymptomatic when infected with the parasite, the larval form of Baylisascaris procyonis can result in fatal human disease or severe neurologic outcomes if not treated rapidly. In the United States, Baylisascaris procyonis is more commonly enzootic in raccoons in the midwestern and northeastern regions and along the West Coast (1). However, since 2002, infections have been documented in other states (Florida and Georgia) and regions (2). Baylisascariasis is not a nationally notifiable disease in the United States, and little is known about how commonly it occurs or the range of clinical disease in humans. Case reports of seven human baylisascariasis cases in the United States diagnosed by Baylisascaris procyonis immunoblot testing at CDC are described, including review of clinical history and laboratory data. Although all seven patients survived, approximately half were left with severe neurologic deficits. Prevention through close monitoring of children at play, frequent handwashing, and clearing of raccoon latrines (communal sites where raccoons defecate) are critical interventions in curbing Baylisascaris infections. Early treatment of suspected cases is critical to prevent permanent sequelae.

Coking-coal deposits of the western United States

USGS Publications Warehouse

Berryhill, Louise R.; Averitt, Paul

1951-01-01

Geohydrologic systems in the Anadarko basin in the central United States are controlled by topography, climate, geologic structures, and aquifer hydraulic properties, all of which are the result of past geologic and hydrologic processes, including tectonics and diagenesis. From Late Cambrian through Middle Ordovician time, a generally transgressive but cyclic sea covered the area. The first deposits were permeable sand, followed by calcareous mud. During periods of sea transgression, burial diagenesis decreased porosity and permeability. During Pennsylvanian time, rapid sedimentation accompanied rapid subsidence in the Anadarko basin. A geopressure zone probably resulted when sediments with little permeability trapped depositional water in Lower Pennsylvanian sands. Burial diagenesis included compaction and thermal alteration of deeply buried organic material, which released carbon dioxide, water, and hydrocarbons. By Middle Pennsylvanian time, the sea had submerged most of the central United States, including the Ozarks, as tectonic activity reached its maximum. During Late Pennsylvanian and Early Permian time, the Ouachita uplift had been formed and was higher than the Ozarks. Uplift was accompanied by a regional upward tilt toward the Ouachita-Ozarks area; the sea receded westward, depositing large quantities of calcareous mud and clay, and precipitating evaporitic material in the restricted-circulation environment. By the end of Permian time, > 20,000 ft of Pennsylvanian and Permian sediments had been deposited in the Anadarko basin. These thick sediments caused rapid and extreme burial diagensis, including alteration of organic material During Permian time in the Ozarks area, development of the Ozark Plateau aquifer system commenced in the permeable Cambrian-Mississippian rocks near the St. Francois Mountains as the Pennsylvanian confining material was removed. Since Permian time, uplift diagenesis has been more active than burial diagenesis in the Anadarko basin. Synopsis of paleohydrologic interpretation indicates that Cambrian-Mississippian rocks in the Anadarko basin should be relatively impermeable, except for local secondary permeability, because rocks in the basin have undergone little uplift diagenesis. (Lantz-PTT)

The potential distribution of invading Helicoverpa armigera in North America: is it just a matter of time?

PubMed

Kriticos, Darren J; Ota, Noboru; Hutchison, William D; Beddow, Jason; Walsh, Tom; Tay, Wee Tek; Borchert, Daniel M; Paula-Moraes, Silvana V; Paula-Moreas, Silvana V; Czepak, Cecília; Zalucki, Myron P

2015-01-01

Helicoverpa armigera has recently invaded South and Central America, and appears to be spreading rapidly. We update a previously developed potential distribution model to highlight the global invasion threat, with emphasis on the risks to the United States. The continued range expansion of H. armigera in Central America is likely to change the invasion threat it poses to North America qualitatively, making natural dispersal from either the Caribbean islands or Mexico feasible. To characterise the threat posed by H. armigera, we collated the value of the major host crops in the United States growing within its modelled potential range, including that area where it could expand its range during favourable seasons. We found that the annual value of crops that would be exposed to H. armigera totalled approximately US$78 billion p.a., with US$843 million p.a. worth growing in climates that are optimal for the pest. Elsewhere, H. armigera has developed broad-spectrum pesticide resistance; meaning that if it invades the United States, protecting these crops from significant production impacts could be challenging. It may be cost-effective to undertake pre-emptive biosecurity activities such as slowing the spread of H. armigera throughout the Americas, improving the system for detecting H. armigera, and methods for rapid identification, especially distinguishing between H. armigera, H. zea and potential H. armigera x H. zea hybrids. Developing biological control programs, especially using inundative techniques with entomopathogens and parasitoids could slow the spread of H. armigera, and reduce selective pressure for pesticide resistance. The rapid spread of H. armigera through South America into Central America suggests that its spread into North America is a matter of time. The likely natural dispersal routes preclude aggressive incursion responses, emphasizing the value of preparatory communication with agricultural producers in areas suitable for invasion by H. armigera.

The Potential Distribution of Invading Helicoverpa armigera in North America: Is It Just a Matter of Time?

PubMed Central

Kriticos, Darren J.; Ota, Noboru; Hutchison, William D.; Beddow, Jason; Walsh, Tom; Tay, Wee Tek; Borchert, Daniel M.; Paula-Moreas, Silvana V.; Czepak, Cecília; Zalucki, Myron P.

2015-01-01

Helicoverpa armigera has recently invaded South and Central America, and appears to be spreading rapidly. We update a previously developed potential distribution model to highlight the global invasion threat, with emphasis on the risks to the United States. The continued range expansion of H. armigera in Central America is likely to change the invasion threat it poses to North America qualitatively, making natural dispersal from either the Caribbean islands or Mexico feasible. To characterise the threat posed by H. armigera, we collated the value of the major host crops in the United States growing within its modelled potential range, including that area where it could expand its range during favourable seasons. We found that the annual value of crops that would be exposed to H. armigera totalled approximately US$78 billion p.a., with US$843 million p.a. worth growing in climates that are optimal for the pest. Elsewhere, H. armigera has developed broad-spectrum pesticide resistance; meaning that if it invades the United States, protecting these crops from significant production impacts could be challenging. It may be cost-effective to undertake pre-emptive biosecurity activities such as slowing the spread of H. armigera throughout the Americas, improving the system for detecting H. armigera, and methods for rapid identification, especially distinguishing between H. armigera, H. zea and potential H. armigera x H. zea hybrids. Developing biological control programs, especially using inundative techniques with entomopathogens and parasitoids could slow the spread of H. armigera, and reduce selective pressure for pesticide resistance. The rapid spread of H. armigera through South America into Central America suggests that its spread into North America is a matter of time. The likely natural dispersal routes preclude aggressive incursion responses, emphasizing the value of preparatory communication with agricultural producers in areas suitable for invasion by H. armigera. PMID:25786260

Non-US data compression and coding research. FASAC Technical Assessment Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gray, R.M.; Cohn, M.; Craver, L.W.

1993-11-01

This assessment of recent data compression and coding research outside the United States examines fundamental and applied work in the basic areas of signal decomposition, quantization, lossless compression, and error control, as well as application development efforts in image/video compression and speech/audio compression. Seven computer scientists and engineers who are active in development of these technologies in US academia, government, and industry carried out the assessment. Strong industrial and academic research groups in Western Europe, Israel, and the Pacific Rim are active in the worldwide search for compression algorithms that provide good tradeoffs among fidelity, bit rate, and computational complexity,more » though the theoretical roots and virtually all of the classical compression algorithms were developed in the United States. Certain areas, such as segmentation coding, model-based coding, and trellis-coded modulation, have developed earlier or in more depth outside the United States, though the United States has maintained its early lead in most areas of theory and algorithm development. Researchers abroad are active in other currently popular areas, such as quantizer design techniques based on neural networks and signal decompositions based on fractals and wavelets, but, in most cases, either similar research is or has been going on in the United States, or the work has not led to useful improvements in compression performance. Because there is a high degree of international cooperation and interaction in this field, good ideas spread rapidly across borders (both ways) through international conferences, journals, and technical exchanges. Though there have been no fundamental data compression breakthroughs in the past five years--outside or inside the United State--there have been an enormous number of significant improvements in both places in the tradeoffs among fidelity, bit rate, and computational complexity.« less

What proportion of cancer deaths in the contemporary United States is attributable to cigarette smoking?

PubMed

Jacobs, Eric J; Newton, Christina C; Carter, Brian D; Feskanich, Diane; Freedman, Neal D; Prentice, Ross L; Flanders, W Dana

2015-03-01

The proportion of cancer deaths in the contemporary United States caused by cigarette smoking (the population attributable fraction [PAF]) is not well documented. The PAF of all cancer deaths due to active cigarette smoking among adults 35 years and older in the United States in 2010 was calculated using age- and sex-specific smoking prevalence from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and age- and sex-specific relative risks from the Cancer Prevention Study-II (for ages 35-54 years) and from the Pooled Contemporary Cohort data set (for ages 55 years and older). The PAF for active cigarette smoking was 28.7% when estimated conservatively, including only deaths from the 12 cancers currently formally established as caused by smoking by the US Surgeon General. The PAF was 31.7% when estimated more comprehensively, including excess deaths from all cancers. These estimates do not include additional potential cancer deaths from environmental tobacco smoke or other type of tobacco use such as cigars, pipes, or smokeless tobacco. Cigarette smoking causes a large proportion of cancer deaths in the contemporary United States. Reducing smoking prevalence as rapidly as possible should be a top priority for the US public health efforts to prevent cancer deaths. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Intensified dust storm activity and Valley fever infection in the southwestern United States

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tong, Daniel Q.; Wang, Julian X. L.; Gill, Thomas E.; Lei, Hang; Wang, Binyu

2017-05-01

Climate models have consistently projected a drying trend in the southwestern United States, aiding speculation of increasing dust storms in this region. Long-term climatology is essential to documenting the dust trend and its response to climate variability. We have reconstructed long-term dust climatology in the western United States, based on a comprehensive dust identification method and continuous aerosol observations from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network. We report here direct evidence of rapid intensification of dust storm activity over American deserts in the past decades (1988-2011), in contrast to reported decreasing trends in Asia and Africa. The frequency of windblown dust storms has increased 240% from 1990s to 2000s. This dust trend is associated with large-scale variations of sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean, with the strongest correlation with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. We further investigate the relationship between dust and Valley fever, a fast-rising infectious disease caused by inhaling soil-dwelling fungus (Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii) in the southwestern United States. The frequency of dust storms is found to be correlated with Valley fever incidences, with a coefficient (r) comparable to or stronger than that with other factors believed to control the disease in two endemic centers (Maricopa and Pima County, Arizona).

Wind deployment in the United States: states, resources, policy, and discourse.

PubMed

Wilson, Elizabeth J; Stephens, Jennie C

2009-12-15

A transformation in the way the United States produces and uses energy is needed to achieve greenhouse gas reduction targets for climate change mitigation. Wind power is an important low-carbon technology and the most rapidly growing renewable energy technology in the U.S. Despite recent advances in wind deployment, significant state-by-state variation in wind power distribution cannot be explained solely by wind resource patterns nor by state policy. Other factors embedded within the state-level socio-political context also contribute to wind deployment patterns. We explore this socio-political context in four U.S. states by integrating multiple research methods. Through comparative state-level analysis of the energy system, energy policy, and public discourse as represented in the media, we examine variation in the context for wind deployment in Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, and Texas. Our results demonstrate that these states have different patterns of wind deployment, are engaged in different debates about wind power, and appear to frame the risks and benefits of wind power in different ways. This comparative assessment highlights the complex variation of the state-level socio-political context and contributes depth to our understanding of energy technology deployment processes, decision-making, and outcomes.

Practical Value of Food Pathogen Traceability through Building a Whole-Genome Sequencing Network and Database.

PubMed

Allard, Marc W; Strain, Errol; Melka, David; Bunning, Kelly; Musser, Steven M; Brown, Eric W; Timme, Ruth

2016-08-01

The FDA has created a United States-based open-source whole-genome sequencing network of state, federal, international, and commercial partners. The GenomeTrakr network represents a first-of-its-kind distributed genomic food shield for characterizing and tracing foodborne outbreak pathogens back to their sources. The GenomeTrakr network is leading investigations of outbreaks of foodborne illnesses and compliance actions with more accurate and rapid recalls of contaminated foods as well as more effective monitoring of preventive controls for food manufacturing environments. An expanded network would serve to provide an international rapid surveillance system for pathogen traceback, which is critical to support an effective public health response to bacterial outbreaks. Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Recognizing victims of human trafficking in the pediatric emergency department.

PubMed

Becker, Heather J; Bechtel, Kirsten

2015-02-01

Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery that is rapidly expanding in the United States and throughout the world. It is a crime under both the United States and international law. The child and adult victims of human trafficking are denied their basic human rights and subjected to unspeakable physical and emotional harm. Traffickers exert complete control over their victims and are proficient at hiding their condition from authorities. Healthcare practitioners may be the only professionals who come into contact with victims if they present for medical care. This article will describe human trafficking and its potential victims, as well as guide medical management and access to services that will ensure their safety and restore their freedom.

Implications for earthquake risk reduction in the United States from the Kocaeli, Turkey, earthquake of August 17, 1999

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

2000-01-01

This report documents implications for earthquake risk reduction in the U.S. The magnitude 7.4 earthquake caused 17,127 deaths, 43,953 injuries, and displaced more than 250,000 people from their homes. The report warns that similar disasters are possible in the United States where earthquakes of comparable size strike the heart of American urban areas. Another concern described in the report is the delayed emergency response that was caused by the inadequate seismic monitoring system in Turkey, a problem that contrasts sharply with rapid assessment and response to the September Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. Additionally, the experience in Turkey suggests that techniques for forecasting earthquakes may be improving.

Space Biology in the 21st century

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Halstead, Thora W.; Krauss, Robert W.

1990-01-01

Space Biology is poised to make significant contributions to science in the next century. A carefully crafted, but largely ground-based, program in the United States has evolved major questions that require answers through experiments in space. Science, scientists, and the new long-term spacecrafts designed by NASA will be available for the first time to mount a serious Space Biology effort. The scientific challenge is of such importance that success will provide countless benefits to biologically dependent areas such as medicine, food, and commerce in the decades ahead. The international community is rapidly expanding its role in this field. The United States should generate the resources that will allow progress in Space Biology to match the recognized progress made in aeronautics and the other space sciences.

Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Cholera Vaccine.

PubMed

Wong, Karen K; Burdette, Erin; Mahon, Barbara E; Mintz, Eric D; Ryan, Edward T; Reingold, Arthur L

2017-05-12

Cholera, caused by infection with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae bacteria of serogroup O1 (>99% of global cases) or O139, is characterized by watery diarrhea that can be severe and rapidly fatal without prompt rehydration. Cholera is endemic in approximately 60 countries and causes epidemics as well. Globally, cholera results in an estimated 2.9 million cases of disease and 95,000 deaths annually (1). Cholera is rare in the United States, and most U.S. cases occur among travelers to countries where cholera is endemic or epidemic. Forty-two U.S. cases were reported in 2011 after a cholera epidemic began in Haiti (2); however, <25 cases per year have been reported in the United States since 2012.

Explaining the Geographical Variation of HIV Among Injection Drug Users in the United States

PubMed Central

Ciccarone, D.; Bourgois, P.

2005-01-01

Distinct physical and chemical types of street heroin exist worldwide, but their impact on behavior and disease acquisition is not well understood or documented. This article presents a hypothesis to explain the unequal diffusion of HIV among injection drug users in the United States by examining the distribution and use of one type of heroin—“Mexican black tar.” Drawing on ethnographic, clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory data, we suggest that the chemical properties of black tar heroin promote the following safer injection practices: (1) the rinsing of syringes with water to prevent clogging; (2) the heating of cookers to promote dissolution; and (3) a rapid transition from venous injection to subcutaneous or intramuscular injections. PMID:14677781

A multi-disciplinary approach to the removal of emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plants in New York state (2003-2004)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Philips, Patrick J.; Stinson, Beverley; Zaugg, Steven D.; Furlong, Edward T.; Kolpin, Dana W.; Esposito, Kathleen; Bodniewicz, B.; Pape, R.; Anderson, J.

2008-01-01

Across the United States, there is a rapidly growing awareness of the occurrence and the toxicological impacts of natural and synthetic trace compounds in the environment. These trace compounds, referred to as emerging contaminants (ECs), are reported to cause a range of negative impacts in the environment, such as adverse effects on biota in receiving streams and interference with the normal functions of the endocrine system, which controls growth and development in living organisms.

Development and Validation of Rapid In Situ Assays of Environmental Mutagenesis

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-31

has also been suggested (12). Previous work has indicated that wild rodents can be effectively used as insit genetic biomonitors. McBee et al. (13...NUMBER(S) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) Oklahoma State Universi ty AEOS~- ~ _ 0 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION r6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a...ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS Building 410 PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT Bolling AFB DC .20332/6448 ELEMENT NO. INO

Smart Grid Legislative and Regulatory Policies and Case Studies

EIA Publications

2011-01-01

In recent years, a number of U.S. states have adopted or are considering smart grid related laws, regulations, and voluntary or mandatory requirements. At the same time, the number of smart grid pilot projects has been increasing rapidly. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) commissioned SAIC to research the development of smart grid in the United States and abroad. The research produced several documents that will help guide EIA as it considers how best to track smart grid developments.

Asthma and Environment Fact Sheet for Parents and Schools. Revised

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Healthy Schools Network, Inc., 2012

2012-01-01

Important facts about asthma and the environment include: (1) Asthma has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, affecting about 25 million people of all ages and races, including about 7 million children; (2) Nearly one in 10 school-aged children has asthma, and the percentage of children with asthma is rising more rapidly in…

EAB induced tree mortality impacts ecosystem respiration and tree water use in an experimental forest

Treesearch

Charles E. Flower; Douglas J. Lynch; Kathleen S. Knight; Miquel A. Gonzales-Meler

2011-01-01

The invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, EAB) has been spreading across the forest landscape of the Midwest resulting in the rapid decline of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). Ash trees represent a dominant riparian species in temperate deciduous forests of the Eastern United States (USDA FIA Database). Prior...

Demographic Change and the New (and Not so New) Challenges for Latino Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gándara, Patricia; Mordechay, Kfir

2017-01-01

Latino students now make up 1 in 4 public school students in the United States and are a rapidly growing population in nontraditional settlement areas. Yet persistent racial and ethnic disparities in educational achievement and attainment are cause for grave concern, as high school graduation and postsecondary-education are increasingly necessary…

Transcriptome changes occurred in the whitefly, B. tabaci MEAM1 in response to feeding on melon infected with the crinivirus, CYSDV

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), a crinivirus transmitted by the whitefly, B. tabaci, causes widespread losses in melon in many parts of the world. The virus emerged in the southwestern United States (Arizona and California) and western Mexico in 2006 and rapidly became established ...

What Is Special about Special Needs of Refugee Children?: Guidelines for Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strekalova, Ekaterina; Hoot, James L.

2008-01-01

The past decade has seen a rapid growth of increasingly diverse immigrant populations in the United States--the most vulnerable among these are refugee children. Most immigrants enter a host country with a goal of improving their opportunities in life. They arrive after years of preparation, such as locating housing, securing jobs and support from…

Faculty Perspectives on Moving from Blackboard to the Moodle Learning Management System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beatty, Brian; Ulasewicz, Connie

2006-01-01

Online teaching and learning has been in transition for its entire existence. The number of courses offered at a distance has grown rapidly. According to the National Center for Education Statistics (Waits & Lewis, 2003), in 2000-2001 more than 56% of four-year colleges and universities in the United States offered distance education degree…

Stream Chemistry After An Operational Fertilizer Application in the Ouachita Mountains

Treesearch

Hal O. Liechty; Jami Nettles; Daniel A. Marion; Donald J. Turton

1999-01-01

The amount of forested land annually fertilized in the southern United States has increased rapidly in the past 10 years. Although forest growth responses to fertilizer are fairly well understood, knowledge concerning the effects of fertilization on stream chemistry and health in this region is limited. To better understand the potential changes in stream chemistry...

Climatic variability of near-surface turbulent kinetic energy over the United States: implications for fire-weather predications

Treesearch

Warren E. Heilman; Xindi Bain

2013-01-01

Recent research suggests that high levels of ambient near-surface atmospheric turbulence are often associated with rapid and sometimes erratic wildland fire spread that may eventually lead to large burn areas. Previous research has also examined the feasibility of using near-surface atmospheric turbulent kinetic energy (TKEs) alone or in...

Age of Turmoil: Surging Nativist Populism and Its Possible Impact on Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nordgren, R. D.

2017-01-01

This examination emanates from the rise in nativist populism across the United States and Europe. Nativist populism is fueled by charismatic leaders who advocate isolationist, neoliberal policies that ostensibly aim to help the economic fortunes of those left behind by rapid globalization; however, these same policies could very well be creating…

Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. Cedar Elm

Treesearch

John J. Stransky; Sylvia M. Bierschenk

1990-01-01

Cedar elm (Ulmus cassifolia) grows rapidly to medium or large size in the Southern United States and northeastern Mexico, where it may sometimes be called basket elm, red elm, southern rock elm, or olmo (Spanish) It usually is found on moist, limestone soils along water courses with other bottomland trees, but it also paws on dry limestone hills. The...

Older Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Targets for Increasing Victimization, a Call for a Preemptive Screening Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strasser, Sheryl; O'Quin, Karen; Price, Thomas; Leyda, Elizabeth

2012-01-01

The aging population is a rapidly growing demographic in the United States. Isolation, limited autonomy, and declining physical and mental health render many older adults vulnerable to abuse, neglect, and exploitation. As the population grows, so does the need for Adult Protective Services (APS). This article highlights an ultrasensitive subgroup…

The Formation of Communities of Practice in a Network of Schools Serving Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scanlan, Martin; Zisselsberger, Margarita

2015-01-01

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students comprise the most rapidly expanding, and among the most educationally marginalized, group in the United States. CLD students' opportunities to learn are often diminished through service delivery models that are deficit-oriented, viewing linguistic diversity as a challenge to overcome, not a…

Impact of a Faith-Based Social Justice Course on Pre-Service Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Critchfield, Meredith

2018-01-01

Rapid demographic shifts are occurring around the country. United States' public schools are more diverse than any time in history. To help prepare pre-service teachers for these shifts, this small-scale qualitative case study explored the impact of a required social justice course for pre-service educators at a large private Christian university…

The Window on Psychology's Literature: A History of Psychological Abstracts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benjamin, Ludy T., Jr.; VandenBos, Gary R.

2006-01-01

With the rapid expansion of scientific information at the end of the 19th century, disciplines sought ways to keep their members abreast of the relevant research. Those pressures were felt in the science of psychology in the United States, where psychologists developed a bibliographic aid, The Psychological Index, in 1895 only a little more than a…

From Partnerships to Networks: New Approaches for Measuring U. S. National Heritage Area Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Laven, Daniel N.; Krymkowski, Daniel H.; Ventriss, Curtis L.; Manning, Robert E.; Mitchell, Nora J.

2010-01-01

National Heritage Areas (NHAs) are an alternative and increasingly popular form of protected area management in the United States. NHAs seek to integrate environmental objectives with community and economic objectives at regional or landscape scales. NHA designations have increased rapidly in the last 20 years, generating a substantial need for…

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa or C. indica) agriculture and the environment: a systematic, spatially-explicit survey and potential impacts

Treesearch

Van Butsic; Jacob C. Brenner

2017-01-01

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa or C. indica) agriculture is a multi-billion dollar industry in the United States that is changing rapidly with policy liberalization. Anecdotal observations fuel speculation about associated environmental impacts, and there is an urgent need for systematic empirical research. An example from Humboldt...

Cottonwood: An American Wood

Treesearch

Harvey E. Kennedy

1985-01-01

Two species of cottonwood trees in the United States are commercially important: eastern cottonwood and black cottonwood. Eastern cottonwood is the more important of these. Wood of both species is similar in appearance and properties, being light in weight and color with a fairly straight grain and uniform texture. It is not strong and decays rapidly in damp areas or...

Mobile-Assisted Narrative Writing Practice for Young English Language Learners from a Funds of Knowledge Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chen, Yan; Carger, Chris Liska; Smith, Thomas J.

2017-01-01

As a nation of immigrants with diverse cultures and nationalities, one of the most striking occurrences in the United States educational system is the rapidly increasing enrollment of English Language Learners (ELLs). In view of their multicultural backgrounds, the multiliteracies education of ELLs is intertwined with their diverse socioeconomic,…

Southern forest resource conditions and management practices from 1950-2000: Benefits of research

Treesearch

Jacek P. Siry

2004-01-01

Over the past five decades, research progress and implementation have been the leading factors supporting the rapid development of southern forestry. The South has become the leading timber-supplying region in the United States, taking advantage of a large accumulation of growing stock and a substantial investment in intensive, research-based management treatments....

Crime and American Culture. Ethics and Public Policy Essay #43.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, James Q.

The great waves of foreign immigration, the onset of rapid industrialization, the emergence of an urban working class--all features of the post Civil War United States that might have contributed to rising crime rates--did not. Ted Robert Gurr suggests that a growth of the "civilizing process" occurred in which people turned away from violence and…

Racial and Economic Diversity in U.S. Public Montessori Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Debs, Mira C.

2016-01-01

As public Montessori schools rapidly expand through the United States, the question then arises: What population of students do the schools serve? This study presents a new empirical data set examining the racial and economic diversity of 300 whole-school, public Montessori programs open in 2012-2013, where the entire school uses the Montessori…

Cost of Natural Gas Used in Manufacturing Sector Has Fallen

EIA Publications

2013-01-01

Natural gas has been an important exception to the trend of rising prices for energy sources used by manufacturers. Production of natural gas in the United States increased rapidly beginning in 2007 as a result of resources found in shale formations. That increase in supply has in turn lowered the price of natural gas to manufacturers

U.S. Public Libraries and the Use of Web Technologies, 2010. A Closer Look

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lietzau, Zeth; Helgren, Jamie

2011-01-01

It's well known that technology is changing at an increasingly rapid pace and that many public libraries throughout the United States are attempting to adopt new technologies to better reach their patrons. In trade journals, blogs, and at library conferences, professionals in the field have continually discussed the best methods for using web…

English Teaching and the Educationalisation of Social Problems in the United States, 1894-1918

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brass, Jory

2016-01-01

This study draws from histories of "educationalisation" and neo-Foucaultian histories of English teaching in an archival analysis that revisits landmark pedagogical texts that coincided with the rapid expansion of the school subject English in between the 1894 Report of the Committee of Ten and 1918 Cardinal Principles of Secondary…

Rising stream and river temperatures in the United States

Treesearch

Sujay S. Kaushal; Gene E. Likens; Norbert A. Jaworski; Michael L. Pace; Ashley M. Sides; David Seekell; Kenneth T. Belt; David H. Secor; Rebecca L. Wingate

2010-01-01

Water temperatures are increasing in many streams and rivers throughout the US. We analyzed historical records from 40 sites and found that 20 major streams and rivers have shown statistically significant, long-term warming. Annual mean water temperatures increased by 0.009-0.077°C yr-1, and rates of warming were most rapid in, but not...

Annual Enrollment Report Number of Students Studying Journalism and Mass Communication at All-time High.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Becker, Lee B.; Vlad, Tudor; Huh, Jisu; Prine, Joelle

2001-01-01

Finds that journalism and mass communication programs appear to be entering another period of rapid enrollment growth, swept up by overall increases in enrollments at United States universities. Finds that only about four in ten of the journalism and mass communication programs report enrollments by race, suggesting many administrators are not…

Sage-Grouse and Coal-Bed Methane: Can They Coexist within the Powder River Basin?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duncan, Michael B.

2010-01-01

Concerns are growing regarding the availability of sustainable energy sources due to a rapidly growing human population and a better understanding of climate change. In recent years, the United States has focused much attention on developing domestic energy sources, which include coal-bed methane (CBM). There are vast deposits of the natural gas…

Changing Role of the Father in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chandras, Kan V.

Americn society is experiencing a sex-role revolution. This revolution is transforming the roles and status of men and women in American society. These changes appear to be the result of the rapid social changes sweeping the country. While men and women may be freer to follow their desires and aspirations, this revolution has also produced new…

A comparision of cumulative-germination response of cheatgrass (Bromus Tectorum L.) and five perennial bunchgrass species to simulated field-temperature regimes

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) has come to dominate millions of hectares of rangeland in the Intermountain western United States. Previous studies have hypothesized that one mechanism conferring a competitive advantage to this species is the ability to germinate rapidly at low temperatures in the ...

Bloodstream infection caused by nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in an immunocompromised host in the United States.

PubMed

Wojewoda, Christina M; Koval, Christine E; Wilson, Deborah A; Chakos, Mary H; Harrington, Susan M

2012-06-01

Corynebacterium species are well-known causes of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae cause respiratory diphtheria. We report a bloodstream infection caused by a nontoxigenic strain of C. diphtheriae and discuss the epidemiology, possible sources of the infection, and the implications of rapid species identification of corynebacteria.

Bloodstream Infection Caused by Nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in an Immunocompromised Host in the United States

PubMed Central

Wojewoda, Christina M.; Koval, Christine E.; Wilson, Deborah A.; Chakos, Mary H.

2012-01-01

Corynebacterium species are well-known causes of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae cause respiratory diphtheria. We report a bloodstream infection caused by a nontoxigenic strain of C. diphtheriae and discuss the epidemiology, possible sources of the infection, and the implications of rapid species identification of corynebacteria. PMID:22493337

Changing tree composition by life history strategy in a grassland-forest landscape

Treesearch

Brice B. Hanberry; John M. Kabrick; Hong S. He

2014-01-01

After rapid deforestation in the eastern United States, which generally occurred during the period of 1850-1920, forests did not return to historical composition and structure. We examined forest compositional change and then considered how historical land use and current land use may influence forests in a grassland-forest landscape, the Missouri Plains, where...

Life table evaluation of change in emerald ash borer populations due to biological control

Treesearch

David E. Jennings; Jian J. Duan; Kristopher J. Abell; Leah S. Bauer; Juli R. Gould; Paula M. Shrewsbury; Roy G. Van Driesche

2015-01-01

Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (EAB), is an invasive buprestid native to northeastern Asia that feeds on ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). First detected in North America (in Michigan, United States and Ontario, Canada) in 2002, EAB has spread rapidly, in part because of movement of infested nursery stock and untreated...

The human context: Land ownership, resource uses, and social dynamics

Treesearch

David N. Wear

2012-01-01

The forests and grasslands of the Eastern United States have been subject to more than two centuries of episodic change, generally characterized by forest clearing, agricultural use, abandonment, reforestation, and recovery. Today, rapid colonization of forests and other rural lands by people, the spread of many floral and faunal nonnative invasive species and, in some...

Risk analysis and timber investments: a bibliography of theory and applications.

Treesearch

Carol A. Hyldahl; David C. Baumgartner

1991-01-01

Contains a fairly complete set of references to the small but rapidly growing amount of literature directly related to the study of risk in forestry in the United States up to 1989. Also includes representative references for the huge literature of general financial theory dealing with risk. Includes 95 annotated references and 17 additional textbook references...

A World-Class Education: Learning from International Models of Excellence and Innovation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stewart, Vivien

2012-01-01

Typical comparisons of schools in the United States to those in other countries ignore critical factors and overlook potential lessons learned. But here's a book that reveals what the best schools from around the world are doing to educate students for a rapidly changing innovation-based world. Find out that American education has not "gotten…

Influence of C4 Vegetation on 13CO2 Descrimination and Isoforcing in the Upper Midwest, United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Agricultural crops with a C4 photosynthetic 3 pathway rapidly expanded across North America as early as 800 A.D. Their distribution continues to expand globally as demands for food and biofuel production increase. These systems are highly productive, having a significant impact on carbon and water e...

The School Uniform Movement and What It Tells Us about American Education: A Symbolic Crusade

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brunsma, David L.

2004-01-01

This book represents the most thorough exposition on the present understanding of the impetuses, debates, legalities, and effectiveness of school uniform policies that have rapidly entered the discourse of school reform in the United States. In it, David Brunsma provides an antidote to the ungrounded, anecdotal components that define the…

Cuba: The New Frontier of Study Abroad Programs for U.S. Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henthorne, Tony L.; Panko, Thomas R.

2017-01-01

The growing reconciliation between the United States and Cuba has created a unique opportunity for U.S. business and hospitality students to observe and experience first-hand an economy in marked transition. Attempting to balance the tenets of socialism with a rapidly growing reliance on capitalism creates a rare learning environment for students.…

School Counselors and School Psychologists: Collaborating to Ensure Minority Students Receive Appropriate Consideration for Special Educational Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Santos de Barona, Maryann; Barona, Andres

2006-01-01

This article first discusses the challenges in providing psychoeducational services to the rapidly increasing minority populations in the United States, then describes problems encountered by educators. This is followed by a brief elaboration of the role and function of school counselors and school psychologists and how they can facilitate service…

Toward a Theory of School Capacity in New Immigrant Destinations: Instructional and Organizational Considerations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lowenhaupt, Rebecca; Reeves, Todd

2015-01-01

Across the United States, immigrant enrollments in the public schools have rapidly increased, particularly in locales with little tradition of immigration, known as "new immigrant destinations." Despite the widespread nature of this trend, there is much to be learned about how schools are responding to this influx of immigrant students.…

Men and Cosmetics: Social and Psychological Trends of an Emerging Demographic.

PubMed

Rieder, Evan A; Mu, Euphemia W; Brauer, Jeremy A

2015-09-01

Though still accounting for a small fraction of all cosmetic procedures in the United States, men are an emerging and rapidly expanding demographic in the field of aesthetic medicine. In this article we highlight the trends contributing to the rise of male aesthetic procedures in dermatology, touching on social influences, psychological motivations, and treatment outcomes.

Influence of C4 vegetation on 13CO2 discrimination and isoforcing in the upper Midwest, United States

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Agricultural crops with a C4 photosynthetic pathway rapidly expanded across North America as early as 800 A.D. Their distribution continues to expand globally as demands for food and biofuel production increase. These systems are highly productive, having a significant impact on carbon and water exc...

AFRICOM and Africa’s Future Youth Bulge

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-26

interests for AFRICOI\\!1. Africans and the international community need to be aware of the potential impacts a youthful population can have on...3 Youth Population Projections and Impacts ...Thesis: This rapid growth of youth in Africa is going to be a concern for the United States and its security and will have an impact on how AFRICOM

A Tale of Two Diets: What Can We Learn from the Diet Wars?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Larsen, Dawn; Murray-Davis, Margaret

2005-01-01

During the last two decades, obesity rates in the United States have escalated dramatically, and intense media coverage of obesity issues has fueled consumer interest in low-carbohydrate diets designed to promote rapid weight loss. The food industry has fostered the assumption that a drop in carbohydrate consumption will translate into a drop in…

The Market Prospects for Consumer Online Services in Europe.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Martin

The rapid growth over the last few years of online services designed to appeal to a mass market audience in the United States encouraged many of the companies operating these services to consider launching them in Europe. This paper concentrates primarily on the European market of online services. The services fall into three categories: United…

Science in Cinema. Teaching Science Fact through Science Fiction Films.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dubeck, Leroy W.; And Others

Many feel that secondary school graduates are not prepared to compete in a world of rapidly expanding technology. High school and college students in the United States often prefer fantasy to science. This book offers a strategy for overcoming student apathy toward the physical sciences by harnessing the power of the cinema. In it, ten popular…

Knockdown and lethal effects of eight commercial nonconventional and two pyrethroid insecticides against moderately permethrin-resistant adult bed bugs, Cimex lectularius (L.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius (L.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) is undergoing a rapid resurgence in the United States during the last decade which has created a notable pest management challenge largely because the pest has developed resistance against DDT, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyreth...

Exploring the Identity-Theft Prevention Efforts of Consumers in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lewis, Jacquelyne L.

2011-01-01

Identity theft is quite expensive and devastating for victims; unfortunately, it is also a rapidly growing crime. Much of the prior research on identity theft has focused on legislative efforts that may prevent the crime. However, limited research exists on what consumers perceive as identity prevention and the measures they take to prevent…

Japanese Fundraising: A Comparative Study of the United States and Japan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Onishi, Tamaki

2007-01-01

The enactment of the Law to Promote Specified Nonprofit Activities in 1998 has resulted not only in a rapid increase in the number of specified nonprofit corporations (NPO corporations) but also in an urgent need for effective fundraising in Japan. Despite Japan's long and rich tradition of philanthropy and a serious need for fundraising, very…

Prevalence of Diagnosed Tourette Syndrome in Persons Aged 6-17 Years--United States, 2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009

2009-01-01

Tourette syndrome (TS) is an inheritable, childhood-onset neurologic disorder marked by persistent multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic. Tics are involuntary, repetitive, stereotypic movements or vocalizations that are usually sudden and rapid and often can be suppressed for short periods. The prevalence of TS is uncertain; the broad…

Educational Renegades: Dissatisfied Teachers as Drivers of Charter School Formation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Milliman, Scott; Maranto, Robert

2009-01-01

The U.S. charter school movement has expanded rapidly, but this growth is geographically uneven at the school district level. Focusing on Arizona--which has the least restrictive charter school law in the United States--we use district variables to determine the factors driving charter market share in 41 districts. Included in our analysis is an…

Medical Education, 1920-1922. Bulletin, 1923, No. 18

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colwell, N. P.

1923-01-01

As shown in previous reports, following the close of the Civil War the number of medical schools in the United States rapidly increased until in 1906 there were 162-- more than in all the rest of the world. The educational standards, however, were considerably lower than those in other leading countries; so that the evident need was for "'fewer…

Dogwood Anthracnose and its Spread in the South

Treesearch

Robert L. Anderson; John L. Knighten; Keith Langdon; Floyd Hedrix; Ron Roncadori

In the 15 years since it was first reported in the United States, dogwood anthracnose (caused by Discula destructive sp. nov.) has spread rapidly and caused serious losses among flowering dogwoods (Cornus florida L.), particularly in the South. Infection begins in leaves and spreads to twigs and branches, which dieback. Main-stem infections cause cankers, which kill...

New Directions in the Delivery of Business News.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Martin

After a period of slow growth, companies that provide business news to the manager's desktop PC are now among the most rapidly growing companies in the United States information industry. Well established companies such as Desktop Data and Individual, Inc. are now being joined by a number of new services and by enhanced versions of existing…

Consumer-Driven Health Care: Answer to Global Competition or Threat to Social Justice?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen, Carol L.

2009-01-01

Health planning in the United States is rapidly approaching a fork in the policy road, with one direction leading the nation toward a universal plan with strong government involvement and the other direction strengthening existing market-based reforms and preserving a commercial health insurance industry. "Consumer-driven health care," a slogan…

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Youth Sports: The Role of the Sports Manager and Coach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohrberg, N. Jonas

2013-01-01

The number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is rapidly increasing throughout the United States. This increase also has an impact on participation in local community programs such as youth sports and recreational activities. The administrators of these agencies and departments will be required to develop and implement…

Retention of Community College Students in Online Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krajewski, Sarah

2015-01-01

The issue of attrition in online courses at higher learning institutions remains a high priority in the United States. A recent rapid growth of online courses at community colleges has been instigated by student demand, as they meet the time constraints many nontraditional community college students have as a result of the need to work and care…

Differentiation of the two major species of Echinacea (E. augustifolia and E. purpurea) using a flow injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprinting method and chemometric analysis

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

A rapid, simple, and reliable flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) method was developed to discriminate two major Echinacea species (E. purpurea and E. angustifolia) samples. Fifty-eight Echinacea samples collected from United States were analyzed using FIMS. Principle component analysis (PCA) a...

Pourable Artificial Diet for Rearing Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Methods to Optimize Larval Survival and Synchronize Development

Treesearch

M.A. Keena

2005-01-01

Aiaoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a recently introduced non-native invasive species in the United States that has the potential to destroy several tree species in urban and forest habitats. The ability to rear A. glabripennis in quarantine is critical to rapid progress on techniques for the...

Tracking the Rise of Web Information Needs for Mobile Education and an Emerging Trend of Digital Divide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Meilan; Trussell, Robert P.; Tillman, Daniel A.; An, Song A.

2015-01-01

In recent years, smartphones and tablets have been rapidly adopted by consumers worldwide. Within the United States, a growing number of school districts have incorporated tablets into classroom instruction. As mobile technology becomes further integrated into households and classrooms, parents, teachers, and students might need information for…

Community College Leaders for Tomorrow: Emerging Problems and Leadership Strategies to Avert Declining Resources.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LeCroy, Jan; Shaw, Ruth

Similar problems and challenges face community colleges and their leaders throughout the United States. Even in areas of high growth and relatively low unemployment, such as Dallas, which has witnessed a rapid growth in community college education, colleges must deal with issues such as their appropriate role and mission, the type of educational…

Developing Soft Skills in Millennial Students: A Delphi Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCullough-Billups, Mary Y.

2017-01-01

This study addressed the deficiency in soft skills of millennial workers in the United States. The weakness or absence of soft skills of millennial workers is problematic because Millennials are rapidly increasing in the workplace as large numbers of baby boomers are retiring. The purpose of this study was to obtain the expert opinions of a sample…

Transgenic Crops and Sustainable Agriculture in the European Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ponti, Luigi

2005-01-01

The rapid adoption of transgenic crops in the United States, Argentina, and Canada stands in strong contrast to the situation in the European Union (EU), where a de facto moratorium has been in place since 1998. This article reviews recent scientific literature relevant to the problematic introduction of transgenic crops in the EU to assess if…

The Lived Experiences of Federal Agency Information-Technology Employees in Times of Outsourcing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sudi, Linda

2010-01-01

United States (U.S.) federal agencies and other organizations are turning to Information Technology (IT) as a strategy for improving business productivity. Despite the rapid growth of outsourcing, few studies have been conducted on the effect of outsourcing on employees who remain with the company. In the current qualitative study, the effect of…

The Decline of Black Farming in America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Browning, Pamela; And Others

The rapid decline in the number of farms operated by blacks in the United States, and the consequences of this decline on the conditions of black farmers are the focus of this report. Chapter 1 compares the rate of agricultural land loss from 1900 to 1978 among blacks and whites. Chapter 2 outlines historical conditions, such as racism, lack of…

Using the PSI to Screen Job Applicants with a Criminal History.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Terris, William; Jones, John W.

Employee crime in the workplace is a common and rapidly growing problem in the United States. A new deterrent to such crime is the use of psychological tests to screen job applicants. The Personnel Selection Inventory (PSI), a psychological test measuring tendencies toward dishonesty, violence, and drug abuse was administered to job applicants…

Recovery of forest residues in the Southern United States

Treesearch

Bryce J. Stokes; Donald L. Sirois

1989-01-01

In the mid 1970's, the accelerated price increases for petroleum products forced rapid exploration into and adoption of alternative energy sources. A viable option for the forest industry was the recovery of woody biomass from unmerchantable trees and logging residues. Several studies estimated that an abundance of such forest materials existed in the southeastern...

Medical Education, 1916-18. Bulletin, 1918, No. 46

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colwell, N. P.

1919-01-01

In previous reports attention was called to the rapid improvements in medical education in the United States, secured through a campaign which was begun by the American Medical Association in 1904. At the beginning of the campaign, the number of medical schools in this country exceeded the total in all the rest of the world. There was clearly an…

The Real Science Crisis: Bleak Prospects for Young Researchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monastersky, Richard

2007-01-01

It is the best of times and worst of times to start a science career in the United States. Researchers today have access to powerful new tools and techniques--such as rapid gene sequencers and giant telescopes--that have accelerated the pace of discovery beyond the imagination of previous generations. But for many of today's graduate students, the…

Observing Classroom Instruction in Schools Implementing the International Baccalaureate Programme

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alford, Beverly L.; Rollins, Kayla Braziel; Stillisano, Jacqueline R.; Waxman, Hersh C.

2013-01-01

The International Baccalaureate (IB) programme utilizes an inquiry-based multi-disciplinary approach and focuses on the teaching of critical-thinking skills. The IB programme is growing at a rapid rate within the United States, with the overall number of IB schools having more than doubled in the last five years. The purpose of the present study…

75 FR 737 - Establishing Federal Capability for the Timely Provision of Medical Countermeasures Following a...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-06

... Countermeasures Following a Biological Attack By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and... countermeasures to the American people in the event of a biological attack in the United States through a rapid.... Postal Service medical countermeasures dispensing model to respond to a large-scale biological attack. (b...

Proceedings of Tripartite Conference on Submarine Medicine and IEP B-52 - France, United Kingdom, United States (6th) Held in Groton, Connecticut on 1-4 June 1987

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-03

stored and statistical profiles generated on 20-36 compounds of most interest. The list of priority compounds could be readily changed. Mr. Thill...a propellant gas. Calculations showed that atmospheric dilution would be rapid. Tests showed that the compound was very stable in the atmosphere...ppm (less methane) Particulates/mist : < 5 mg/cu.m. Odor : Not objectionable Thousands of samples are processed every year and the failure rate is low

Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality After Rapid Response Team Calls in a 274 Hospital Nationwide Sample.

PubMed

Shappell, Claire; Snyder, Ashley; Edelson, Dana P; Churpek, Matthew M

2018-07-01

Despite wide adoption of rapid response teams across the United States, predictors of in-hospital mortality for patients receiving rapid response team calls are poorly characterized. Identification of patients at high risk of death during hospitalization could improve triage to intensive care units and prompt timely reevaluations of goals of care. We sought to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients who are subjects of rapid response team calls and to develop and validate a predictive model for death after rapid response team call. Analysis of data from the national Get with the Guidelines-Medical Emergency Team event registry. Two-hundred seventy four hospitals participating in Get with the Guidelines-Medical Emergency Team from June 2005 to February 2015. 282,710 hospitalized adults on surgical or medical wards who were subjects of a rapid response team call. None. The primary outcome was death during hospitalization; candidate predictors included patient demographic- and event-level characteristics. Patients who died after rapid response team were older (median age 72 vs 66 yr), were more likely to be admitted for noncardiac medical illness (70% vs 58%), and had greater median length of stay prior to rapid response team (81 vs 47 hr) (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). The prediction model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.78-0.79), with systolic blood pressure, time since admission, and respiratory rate being the most important variables. Patients who die following rapid response team calls differ significantly from surviving peers. Recognition of these factors could improve postrapid response team triage decisions and prompt timely goals of care discussions.

Review: Lead exposure in battery manufacturing and recycling in developing countries and among children in nearby communities.

PubMed

Gottesfeld, Perry; Pokhrel, Amod K

2011-09-01

The battery industry is the largest consumer of lead, using an estimated 80% of the global lead production. The industry is also rapidly expanding in emerging market countries. A review of published literature on exposures from lead-acid battery manufacturing and recycling plants in developing countries was conducted. The review included studies from 37 countries published from 1993 to 2010 and excluded facilities in developed countries, such as the United States and those in Western Europe, except for providing comparisons to reported findings. The average worker blood lead level (BLL) in developing countries was 47 μg/dL in battery manufacturing plants and 64 μg/dL in recycling facilities. Airborne lead concentrations reported in battery plants in developing countries averaged 367 μg/m3, which is 7-fold greater than the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's 50 μg/m3 permissible exposure limit. The geometric mean BLL of children residing near battery plants in developing countries was 19 μg/dL, which is about 13-fold greater than the levels observed among children in the United States. The blood lead and airborne lead exposure concentrations for battery workers were substantially higher in developing countries than in the United States. This disparity may worsen due to rapid growth in lead-acid battery manufacturing and recycling operations worldwide. Given the lack of regulatory and enforcement capacity in most developing countries, third-party certification programs may be the only viable option to improve conditions.

Acetochlor in the hydrologic system in the midwestern United States, 1994

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kolpin, D.W.; Nations, B.K.; Goolsby, D.A.; Thurman, E.M.

1996-01-01

The herbicide acetochlor [2-chloro-N-(ethoxymethyl)-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)acetamide] was given conditional registration in the United States by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in March 1994. This registration provided a rare opportunity to investigate the occurrence of a pesticide during its first season of extensive use in the midwestern United States. Water samples collected and analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey during 1994 documented the distribution of acetochlor in the hydrologic system; it was detected in 29% of the rain samples from four sites in Iowa, 17% of the stream samples from 51 sites across nine states, and 0% of the groundwater samples from 38 wells across eight states. Acetochlor exhibited concentration increases in rain and streams following its application to corn in the midwestern United States, with 75% of the rainwater and 35% of the stream samples having acetochlor detected during this time period. Acetochlor concentrations in rain decreased as the growing season progressed. Based on the limited data collected for this study, it is anticipated that acetochlor concentrations will have a seasonal pattern in rain and streams similar to those of other acetanilide herbicides examined. Possible explanations for the absence of acetochlor in groundwater for this study include the rapid degradation of acetochlor in the soil zone, insufficient time for this first extensive use of acetochlor to have reached the aquifers sampled, and the possible lack of acetochlor use in the recharge areas for the wells examined.

Real-Time Time-Frequency Two-Dimensional Imaging of Ultrafast Transient Signals in Solid-State Organic Materials

PubMed Central

Takeda, Jun; Ishida, Akihiro; Makishima, Yoshinori; Katayama, Ikufumi

2010-01-01

In this review, we demonstrate a real-time time-frequency two-dimensional (2D) pump-probe imaging spectroscopy implemented on a single shot basis applicable to excited-state dynamics in solid-state organic and biological materials. Using this technique, we could successfully map ultrafast time-frequency 2D transient absorption signals of β-carotene in solid films with wide temporal and spectral ranges having very short accumulation time of 20 ms per unit frame. The results obtained indicate the high potential of this technique as a powerful and unique spectroscopic tool to observe ultrafast excited-state dynamics of organic and biological materials in solid-state, which undergo rapid photodegradation. PMID:22399879

Rapid analysis of foodborne pathogens by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sengupta, Atanu; Shende, Chetan; Huang, Hermes; Farquharson, Stuart; Inscore, Frank

2012-05-01

Foodborne diseases resulting from Campylobacter, Escherichia, Listeria, Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio species affect as many as 76 million persons in the United States each year, resulting in 325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths. The challenge to preventing distribution and consumption of contaminated foods lies in the fact that just a few bacterial cells can rapidly multiply to millions, reaching infectious doses within a few days. Unfortunately, current methods used to detect these few cells rely on lengthy growth enrichment steps that take a similar amount of time (1 to 4 days). Consequently, there is a critical need for an analyzer that can rapidly extract and detect foodborne pathogens in 1-2 hours (not days), at 100 colony forming units per gram of food, and with a specificity that differentiates from indigenous microflora, so that false alarms are eliminated. In an effort to meet this need, we have been developing a sample system that extracts such pathogens from food, selectively binds these pathogens, and produces surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS). Here we present preliminary SERS measurements of Listeria and Salmonella.

Awareness, trial, and current use of electronic cigarettes in 10 countries: Findings from the ITC project.

PubMed

Gravely, Shannon; Fong, Geoffrey T; Cummings, K Michael; Yan, Mi; Quah, Anne C K; Borland, Ron; Yong, Hua-Hie; Hitchman, Sara C; McNeill, Ann; Hammond, David; Thrasher, James F; Willemsen, Marc C; Seo, Hong Gwan; Jiang, Yuan; Cavalcante, Tania; Perez, Cristina; Omar, Maizurah; Hummel, Karin

2014-11-13

In recent years, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have generated considerable interest and debate on the implications for tobacco control and public health. Although the rapid growth of e-cigarettes is global, at present, little is known about awareness and use. This paper presents self-reported awareness, trial and current use of e-cigarettes in 10 countries surveyed between 2009 and 2013; for six of these countries, we present the first data on e-cigarettes from probability samples of adult smokers. A cross-sectional analysis of probability samples of adult (≥ 18 years) current and former smokers participating in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) surveys from 10 countries. Surveys were administered either via phone, face-to-face interviews, or the web. Survey questions included sociodemographic and smoking-related variables, and questions about e-cigarette awareness, trial and current use. There was considerable cross-country variation by year of data collection and for awareness of e-cigarettes (Netherlands (2013: 88%), Republic of Korea (2010: 79%), United States (2010: 73%), Australia (2013: 66%), Malaysia (2011: 62%), United Kingdom (2010: 54%), Canada (2010: 40%), Brazil (2013: 37%), Mexico (2012: 34%), and China (2009: 31%)), in self-reports of ever having tried e-cigarettes (Australia, (20%), Malaysia (19%), Netherlands (18%), United States (15%), Republic of Korea (11%), United Kingdom (10%), Brazil (8%), Mexico (4%), Canada (4%), and China (2%)), and in current use (Malaysia (14%), Republic of Korea (7%), Australia (7%), United States (6%), United Kingdom (4%), Netherlands (3%), Canada (1%), and China (0.05%)) [corrected]. The cross-country variability in awareness, trial, and current use of e-cigarettes is likely due to a confluence of country-specific market factors, tobacco control policies and regulations (e.g., the legal status of e-cigarettes and nicotine), and the survey timing along the trajectory of e-cigarette awareness and trial/use in each country. These ITC results constitute an important snapshot of an early stage of what appears to be a rapid progression of global e-cigarette use.

Trends and patterns in research and development expenditures in the United States

PubMed Central

Jaffe, Adam B.

1996-01-01

This paper is a review of recent trends in United States expenditures on research and development (R&D). Real expenditures by both the government and the private sector increased rapidly between the mid-1970s and the mid-1980s, and have since leveled off. This is true of both overall expenditures and expenditures on basic research, as well as funding of academic research. Preliminary estimates indicate that about $170 billion was spent on R&D in the United States in 1995, with ≈60% of that funding coming from the private sector and about 35% from the federal government. In comparison to other countries, we have historically spent more on R&D relative to our economy than other advanced economies, but this advantage appears to be disappearing. If defense-related R&D is excluded, our expenditures relative to the size of the economy are considerably smaller than those of other similar economies. PMID:8917476

Medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids containing products - Regulations in Europe and North America.

PubMed

Abuhasira, Ran; Shbiro, Liat; Landschaft, Yuval

2018-03-01

In 1937, the United States of America criminalized the use of cannabis and as a result its use decreased rapidly. In recent decades, there is a growing interest in the wide range of medical uses of cannabis and its constituents; however, the laws and regulations are substantially different between countries. Laws differentiate between raw herbal cannabis, cannabis extracts, and cannabinoid-based medicines. Both the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do not approve the use of herbal cannabis or its extracts. The FDA approved several cannabinoid-based medicines, so did 23 European countries and Canada. However, only four of the reviewed countries have fully authorized the medical use of herbal cannabis - Canada, Germany, Israel and the Netherlands, together with more than 50% of the states in the United States. Most of the regulators allow the physicians to decide what specific indications they will prescribe cannabis for, but some regulators dictate only specific indications. The aim of this article is to review the current (as of November 2017) regulations of medical cannabis use in Europe and North America. Copyright © 2018 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Wind energy and wildlife research at the Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center

USGS Publications Warehouse

Phillips, Susan L.

2011-01-01

The United States has embarked on a goal to increase electricity generation from clean, renewable sources by 2012. Towards this end, wind energy is emerging as a widely distributed form of renewable energy throughout the country. The national goal is for energy from wind to supply 20 percent of the country's electricity by 2030. As with many land uses, trade-offs exist between costs and benefits. New wind developments are occurring rapidly in parts of the United States, often leaving little time for evaluation of potential site-specific effects. These developments are known to affect wildlife, directly from fatality due to collision with the infrastructure and indirectly from loss of habitat and migration routes. The Department of the Interior, in particular, is challenged to balance energy development on public lands and also to conserve fish and wildlife. The Secretary of the Interior has proposed a number of initiatives to encourage responsible development of renewable energy. These initiatives are especially important in the western United States where large amounts of land are being developed or evaluated for wind farms.

Hydroxocobalamin: improved public health readiness for cyanide disasters.

PubMed

Sauer, S W; Keim, M E

2001-06-01

The United States is under the constant threat of a mass casualty cyanide disaster from industrial accidents, hazardous material transportation incidents, and deliberate terrorist attacks. The current readiness for cyanide disaster by the emergency medical system in the United States is abysmal. We, as a nation, are simply not prepared for a significant cyanide-related event. The standard of care for cyanide intoxication is the cyanide antidote kit, which is based on the use of nitrites to induce methemoglobinemia. This kit is both expensive and ill suited for out-of-hospital use. It also has its own inherent toxicity that prevents rapid administration. Furthermore, our hospitals frequently fail to stock this life-saving antidote or decline to stock more than one. Hydroxocobalamin is well recognized as an efficacious, safe, and easily administered cyanide antidote. Because of its extremely low adverse effect profile, it is ideal for out-of-hospital use in suspected cyanide intoxication. To effectively prepare for a cyanide disaster, the United States must investigate, adopt, manufacture, and stockpile hydroxocobalamin to prevent needless morbidity and mortality.

Nuchal translucency and first trimester risk assessment: a systematic review.

PubMed

Sheppard, Celeste; Platt, Lawrence D

2007-06-01

First-trimester risk assessment for fetal aneuploidy using nuchal translucency (NT) measurement is rapidly gaining popularity in the United States. In combination with maternal serum markers in the first trimester, the screening performance is exceptionally good, with detection rates of more than 80% at a screen positive rate of 5%. Recently, the method has been validated for screening for Down syndrome and other aneuploidies in multicenter trials in the United States and elsewhere. Compliance with established criteria for measurement of the NT is essential to achieve uniform reliability and high screening test sensitivity. There is an international consensus about the importance of specific training in the NT examination, conformity to standards of NT measurement, and regular audit for quality assurance. In the United States, the Nuchal Translucency Quality Review program has been developed to administer credentialing and quality review for registered practitioners. The Nuchal Translucency Quality Review credentials signify the proficiency of the sonographer or sonologist in NT measurement and participation in a regular quality assurance audit. We encourage accreditation of clinical sites offering first-trimester risk assessment to ensure the highest quality care.

Global growth of “big box” stores and the potential impact on human health and nutrition

PubMed Central

Taillie, Lindsey Smith; Ng, Shu Wen

2016-01-01

Despite a large body of literature on the food environment, little is known about the role of supercenters in human nutrition and health. The objectives of this review are to examine what is currently known about the association between supercenters, nutrition, and obesity, to identify how supercenters may affect disparities in food access and nutritional quality of food purchases, and to document the rapid rise of supercenters as a source of food purchases in the United States. A case study of Wal-Mart, the largest food retailer in the United States, is presented that demonstrates the major and increasing role of supercenters as a source of packaged food purchases in the United States, particularly among low-income households, as well as the role of supercenters in supplying key nutrients. Taken together, this review and case study highlight the dominant role of supercenters in the US diet and the need to better understand how supercenters can be leveraged to improve the nutritional quality of what consumers buy and eat. PMID:26714934

Characterizing the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States and China

PubMed Central

Huang, Ming-Bo; Ye, Li; Liang, Bing-Yu; Ning, Chuan-Yi; Roth, William W.; Jiang, Jun-Jun; Huang, Jie-Gang; Zhou, Bo; Zang, Ning; Powell, Michael D.; Liang, Hao; Bond, Vincent C.

2015-01-01

The HIV/AIDS data from the national surveillance systems of China and the United States from 1985 to 2014 were compared to characterize the HIV/AIDS epidemic in both countries. The current estimated national HIV prevalence rate in China and the United States are 0.0598% and 0.348%, respectively. In the United States, the annual number of new HIV infections has remained relatively stable (~50,000 each year) and has shown a downward trend in recent years. The Chinese national HIV prevalence is still low, and new HIV infections have been contained at a low level (50,000–100,000 each year). However, the epidemic has showed an increasing trend since 2012. By risk group, in both countries, men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual sex, and injection drug use (IDU) are the most common modes of transmission of new HIV infections. However, in the United States, MSM is the dominant transmission route, accounting for >60% of new infections; whereas in China, heterosexual sex has now become the dominant route, also accounting for >60% of new infections. A rapid increase in the proportion of HIV cases that were attributed to MSM and an obvious decrease in the proportion of HIV cases attributed to IDU in China in recent years imply that the China’s epidemic is still evolving, to some extent, copying what was experienced in the United States. By age group, the proportions of HIV cases that were attributed to the age group 25–59 were comparable between the two countries. However, the United States had a higher proportion of cases that were attributed to age groups 15–19 and 20–24 than China, indicating that youth account for more infections in the United States. One other fact worth noting: in China there is a significant increase in the number of HIV new infections in individuals over 50 years of age, which results in much higher proportion of cases that were attributed to age groups 60–64 and over 65 in China than those in the United States. By race/ethnicity, in the United States, Blacks/African Americans continue to experience the most severe HIV burden, followed by Hispanics/Latinos. In China, no official data on race/ethnicity disparities are currently available. Thus, region, risk group, age are important factors in the HIV epidemics in both countries. PMID:26703667

AYA in the USA. International Perspectives on AYAO, Part 5

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Within the past decade, the discipline of adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology has taken root in the United States. It arose from the observation that survival improvements for 15–39-year-olds have lagged behind those of both children and older adults. Rapid progress in this new area has resulted from energetic work by researchers, clinicians, and non-profit organizations focusing on AYA-aged cancer patients and survivors. The term “AYA” is now well recognized within both pediatric and medical oncology, and AYA-specific aims are increasingly included in clinical trials and also basic and translational oncology research. The AYA oncology movement in the United States was spearheaded by the LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance (the Alliance), a coalition of AYA-focused non-profit organizations and academic institutions that has recently transitioned into a successor organization—Critical Mass: The Young Adult Cancer Alliance, composed of individual AYAO professionals. The work of groups such as the Alliance/Critical Mass and key collaborators—including the National Cancer Institute, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Children's Oncology Group, and advocacy organizations—provides a useful platform for the discussion of progress in AYA oncology in the United States, including advances in (1) research and tool development; (2) public and professional education; (3) advocacy and patient support; (4) awareness; and (5) service delivery. AYA oncology programs are now burgeoning dramatically throughout the United States, and many well-established U.S. programs share distinctive features in clinical programming. The United States is now entering an era of larger-scale coordinated efforts in research, advocacy, and clinical care for AYAs with cancer. PMID:24380035

AYA in the USA. International Perspectives on AYAO, Part 5.

PubMed

Johnson, Rebecca H

2013-12-01

Within the past decade, the discipline of adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology has taken root in the United States. It arose from the observation that survival improvements for 15-39-year-olds have lagged behind those of both children and older adults. Rapid progress in this new area has resulted from energetic work by researchers, clinicians, and non-profit organizations focusing on AYA-aged cancer patients and survivors. The term "AYA" is now well recognized within both pediatric and medical oncology, and AYA-specific aims are increasingly included in clinical trials and also basic and translational oncology research. The AYA oncology movement in the United States was spearheaded by the LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance (the Alliance), a coalition of AYA-focused non-profit organizations and academic institutions that has recently transitioned into a successor organization-Critical Mass: The Young Adult Cancer Alliance, composed of individual AYAO professionals. The work of groups such as the Alliance/Critical Mass and key collaborators-including the National Cancer Institute, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Children's Oncology Group, and advocacy organizations-provides a useful platform for the discussion of progress in AYA oncology in the United States, including advances in (1) research and tool development; (2) public and professional education; (3) advocacy and patient support; (4) awareness; and (5) service delivery. AYA oncology programs are now burgeoning dramatically throughout the United States, and many well-established U.S. programs share distinctive features in clinical programming. The United States is now entering an era of larger-scale coordinated efforts in research, advocacy, and clinical care for AYAs with cancer.

Detection of plant quarantine pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum r3b2 with portable POCKIT™ and BLItz® systems

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) race 3 biovar 2 (r3b2) is designated as a quarantine pathogen in many countries and additionally as a Select Agent in the United States. Rapid, sensitive and accurate detection methods are urgently needed. We report here the development of two portable platforms for r3b...

A Parent's Guide to Choosing the Right Online Program. Promising Practices in Online Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watson, John; Gemin, Butch; Coffey, Marla

2010-01-01

Online learning continues to grow rapidly across the United States and the world, opening new learning opportunities for students and families. Informed estimates put the number of K-12 students in online courses at over 1 million, as parents and students are choosing online courses and schools for a variety of reasons that grow out of their…

Puerto Rico's forest inventory: adapting the forest inventory and analysis program to a Caribbean island.

Treesearch

T. J. Brandeis

2003-01-01

Rapid Changes in vegetation over short distances, high species diversity, and fragmented landscape challege the implementation of the Forest service's Forest inventory and Analysis (FIA)program on Puerto Rico. Applying the hexagonal FIA grid as used on the continental United States, the Forest service is installing a new forest sampling and monitoring framework...

A Survey of Basic Educational Opportunities Available to Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, J. Elliot

To examine the historical background of educational programs of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, the Church population, and educational opportunities available to Church members, a questionnaire was sent to presidents of Church missions outside the United States. It was found that Church membership has increased rapidly and could…

Using Ecological Frameworks to Advance a Field of Research, Practice, and Policy on Aging-in-Place Initiatives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenfield, Emily A.

2012-01-01

Initiatives to promote aging in place have emerged rapidly in the United States across various health care settings (e.g., acute care hospitals, skilled nursing facilities) and broader community settings (e.g., public social service agencies). Moreover, recent federal policies include a growing number of provisions for local efforts to promote…

Hispanic/Latina Women and AIDS: A Critical Perspective. JSRI Working Paper No. 36. JSRI Research & Publications Working Paper Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blasini-Caceres, Lydia; Cook, Amy Beth

Women are a rapidly growing group of people with AIDS in the United States, and Hispanic/Latina and African American women are disproportionately represented. This paper reviews the literature on the epidemiology of AIDS/HIV infection among Latina women, children, and adolescents and discusses the needs of Latinas regarding AIDS prevention…

Moderate-scale mapping methods of aspen stand types: a case study for Cedar Mountain in southern Utah

Treesearch

Chad M. Oukrop; David M. Evans; Dale L. Bartos; R. Douglas Ramsey; Ronald J. Ryel

2011-01-01

Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) are the most widely distributed tree species across North America, but its dominance is declining in many areas of the western United States, with certain areas experiencing rapid mortality events over the past decade. The loss of aspen from western landscapes will continue to profoundly impact biological, commercial, and...

United States Air Force Civil Engineering Additive Manufacturing Applications: Tools and Jigs

DTIC Science & Technology

designs for printing applications. The overall results push forward the Air Forces 3D printing knowledge while providing critical information for decision makers on this up and coming technology....the results indicate that 3Dscanning technology will reach a point within the next 5 years where it can help foster the rapid build-up of 3D CE asset

The North American Forest Sector Outlook Study 2006-2030

Treesearch

Jeffrey P. Prestemon; Joseph Buongiorno

2012-01-01

Projections for the United States and Canada to 2030 have been made with a global model to account for concurrent changes in other countries. Three future scenarios were investigated: two IPCC-based scenarios assuming the rapid growth of wood-based energy, and one IPCC-based scenario without this assumption. The model, under the IPCC scenarios, accounted for trends in...

Cultural Democracy in an Era of Internationalism and Subnationalism: A New Model for Effective Cultural Integration in Korea

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fry, Gerald W.

2016-01-01

The context for this paper is the rapid globalization and international migration occurring across the globe. An insightful metaphor for this era is "the death of distance." The influx of new migrants into countries such as Korea, Japan, Thailand, and the United States presents many challenges for those societies. In Minnesota, people of…

Urban Teacher Academy Project Toolkit: A Guide to Developing High School Teaching Career Academies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berrigan, Anne; Schwartz, Shirley

There is an urgent need not only to attract more people into the teaching profession but also to build a more diverse, highly qualified, and culturally sensitive teaching force that can meet the needs of a rapidly changing school-age population. This Toolkit takes best practices from high school teacher academies around the United States and…

Middle School Students' Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Levels in Physical Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gao, Zan; Oh, Hyunju; Sheng, Huiping

2011-01-01

One of the most critical public concerns in the United States is the rapid increase in childhood obesity, partly due to the social and environmental changes (e.g., excessive TV and computer use, pressures of standardized testing, etc.) in the past few decades, which has resulted in less physical activity in school children's daily routines.…

Sagebrush in western North America: habitats and species in jeopardy.

Treesearch

Jonathan Thompson

2007-01-01

Sagebrush habitats are declining rapidly across western North America, with over 350 associated plant and animal species at risk of local or regional extirpation. The sagebrush ecosystem is one of the largest in the United States, and it is vulnerable to a litany of threats. Chief among them is invasion of cheatgrass into the understory, followed by high-severity fires...

Qualitative Analysis of Organizational Change in One U.S. Dental School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crain, Geralyn Dell

2010-01-01

Currently, there is need for change in the way that dental schools in the United States educate their students to keep pace with the rapidly changing nature of the profession and to better address societal needs. Despite a well-documented change agenda put forth by individual authors and agencies both within and outside of dental education,…

Teaching New Dogs New Tricks: The Rise of Entrepreneurship Education in Graduate Schools of Business. CELCEE Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Carolyn

The rapid rise in entrepreneurship programs and centers has been fueled by unprecedented student demand, and the popularity of entrepreneurship courses is outstripping the supply in programs across the United States. Entrepreneurship education has been criticized as a fad by some, but it appears to have established a firm beachhead in higher…

Learning Study: Helping Teachers to Use Theory, Develop Professionally, and Produce New Knowledge to Be Shared

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pang, Ming Fai; Ling, Lo Mun

2012-01-01

The lesson study approach is a systematic process for producing professional knowledge about teaching by teachers, and has spread rapidly and extensively in the United States. The learning study approach is essentially a kind of lesson study with an explicit learning theory--the variation theory of learning. In this paper, we argue that having an…

Mapping sudden oak death risk nationally using host, climate, and pathways data

Treesearch

Frank H. Koch; William D. Smith

2008-01-01

In 2002, a team of United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service (USDA-FS) scientists developed a preliminary risk map to serve as the foundation for an efficient, cost effective sample design for the national sudden oak death detection survey. At the time, a need to initiate rapid detection in the face of limited information on Phytophthora ramorum...

Observations on a hybrid poplar test planting in West Virginia

Treesearch

Arthur R. Eschner

1960-01-01

Hybrid poplars, crosses between European and American Aigeiros poplars, have been grown in Europe for about 200 years. The rapid growth and high productivity of some of these hybrids on sites to which they are adapted has stimulated interest in poplar growing in this country. And demand for these poplars is developing in many parts of the United States.

Exploring the effects of population growth on future land use change in the Las Vegas Wash watershed: an integrated approach of geospatial modeling and analytics

EPA Science Inventory

The Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area is one of the fastest growing areas in the southwestern United States. The rapid urbanization has led to many environmental problems. For instance, as population growth and urbanization continue, there will be a problem with water shortage. ...

Get Your Degree from an Educational ATM: An Empirical Study in Online Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Y.; Nguyen, H.

2007-01-01

This article studies the modern trend of online education in the United States. Based on a wide range of statistics, the number of cyberspace courses offered by four-year institutions and universities nationwide has rapidly increased over the past one and a half decades. Under a case study, colleges of business from ranked universities and…

DEVELOPMENT OF DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES AND USE OF TWO VARIATIONS OF GENETICALLY-MODIFIED STREPTOCOCCUS GORDONIL AS LYSIS CONTROLS IN A QPCR ASSAY FOR ASSESSING SANITARY QUALITY OF WATER

EPA Science Inventory

Joseph B. James and Fred J. Genthner

United States Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL

Background: Methods using rapid cycle, real-time, quantitative (QPCR) are being developed for detecting and quantifying Enterococcus spp. as well as other aquatic b...

Investigating 10-Year Trends of Learning Outcomes at Community Colleges. Research Report. ETS RR-13-34

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Ou Lydia; Roohr, Katrina Crotts

2013-01-01

Community colleges currently enroll about 44% of the undergraduate students in the United States and are rapidly expanding. It is of critical importance to obtain direct evidence of student learning to see if students receive adequate training at community colleges. This study investigated the 10-year trends of community college students' (n =…

Hydrologic Effects of Size and Location of Fields Converted from Drained Pine Forest to Agricultural Cropland

Treesearch

Hyun Woo Kim; Devendra M. Amatya; George M. Chescheir; Wayne R. Skaggs; Jami E. Nettles

2013-01-01

Hydrological effects of land-use change are of great concern to ecohydrologists and watershed managers, especially in the Atlantic coastal plain of the southeastern United States. The concern is attributable to rapid population growth and the resulting pressure to develop forested lands. Many researchers have studied these effects in various scales, with varying...

Why Students Need to Be Informed about Our Looming Fiscal Crisis: The America's Future Initiative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yarrow, Andrew L.; Orphan, Cecilia M.

2010-01-01

Despite nearly universal concern about America's rapidly rising national debt, the United States government was $12.5 trillion in debt by the spring of 2010. Yet, few people--including college and university students--understand why we are in debt, what the many effects and dangers could be, the difficult steps necessary to reduce our deficits and…

The Effects of Diversity Training on Mental Healthcare Professionals Serving Hispanic Patients in Rural Oregon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theye, Andrea E.

2015-01-01

Previous research has indicated that the United States is experiencing a rapid growth in its racial and ethnic diversity. Although diversity trainings are common place, many of these trainings do not include outcome measurements to ensure that training goals are met and reactions are favorable. The current study expands the research by evaluating…

Using Early Childhood Education to Bridge the Digital Divide. Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daugherty, Lindsay; Dossani, Rafiq; Johnson, Erin-Elizabeth; Oguz, Mustafa

2014-01-01

Technology literacy plays an important role in a child's ability to succeed in school and later life. Yet, despite rapid growth in society's use of digital technology, many children in low-income families in the United States are not able to access and use technology in the same ways as their more-advantaged peers. This means they have fewer…

Host resistance to emerald ash borer: development of novel ash hybrids

Treesearch

Jennifer L. Koch; David W. Carey; Richard Larson

2007-01-01

In contrast to the rapid destruction of ash trees in the United States by emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), outbreaks of EAB in Asia appear to be isolated responses to stress, such as drought, and do not devastate the ash population. This indicates that in Asia, ash trees may have a level of inherent resistance. This resistance...

US Astronomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marvel, K.; Milkey, R.; Murdin, P.

2000-11-01

As the 19th century ended, astronomy underwent a period of rapid growth in the United States, a growth that was fueled by both the expansion of the university system and private philanthropy and which also paralleled the growth in astrophysical research. For the first half of the 20th century, the US government took little interest in the funding of astronomical research, concentrating on those a...