7 CFR 1487.1 - What special definitions apply to the TASC program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... organization, including, but not limited to, U.S. government agencies, State government agencies, non-profit trade associations, universities, agricultural cooperatives, and private companies. FAS—Foreign...

34 CFR 682.101 - Participation in the FFEL programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... funds, insurance companies, schools, and State and private nonprofit agencies made loans prior to July 1, 2010. (b) Institutions of higher education, including most colleges, universities, graduate and...

University of Phoenix Says Test Scores Vindicate Its Academic Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blumenstyk, Goldie

2008-01-01

The University of Phoenix is often derided by traditional academics for caring more about its bottom line than about academic quality, and every year, the annual report issued by its parent company focuses more on profits than student performance. This article reports that the institution that has become the largest private university in North…

One University's Experience Partnering with an Online Program Management (OPM) Provider: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Springer, Scott

2018-01-01

University and college administrators frequently choose to develop and implement online programs with the help of for-profit companies known as online program management (OPM) providers that specialize in the development and implementation of online programs. This paper reports on the partnership of a private university in the Western United…

Incrementalism and Strategic Change: A University's Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnaboldi, Michela; Azzone, Giovanni

2005-01-01

Purpose: The processual interpretation of strategic change has been often applied to private companies searching for a logic behind their apparent chaotic transformation. The purpose of this paper is to report on an experience in a public organisation, an Italian university, where this perspective is exceptionally reflected, entailing a refining…

Why Do English Universities "Really" Franchise Degrees to Overseas Providers?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Healey, Nigel

2013-01-01

Franchising degrees to overseas providers, normally for-profit private companies, has become big business for English universities. The latest data from the Higher Education Statistics Agency reveal that there are now more international students registered for the awards of English higher education institutions that are studying wholly offshore…

Universal(ly Bad) Service: Providing Infrastructure Services to Rural and Poor Urban Consumers. Policy Research Working Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, George R. G.; Wallsten, Scott J.

Utility services (telecommunications, power, water, and gas) throughout the world were traditionally provided by large, usually state-owned, monopolies. However, encouraged by technological change, regulatory innovation, and pressure from international organizations, many developing countries are privatizing state-owned companies and introducing…

Privatization and the globalization of energy markets

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-10-01

This report reviews recent global efforts to privatize energy resources and outlines the opportunities and challenges privatization has presented to U.S. and foreign multinational energy companies. The group of energy companies studied in this report includes the major U.S. petroleum companies and many foreign companies. The foreign companies reviewed include state-run energy enterprises, recently privatized energy enterprises, and foreign multinationals that have been privately held. The privatization of non-petroleum energy industries, such as electricity generation and transmission, natural gas transmission, and coal mining, are also discussed. Overseas investments made by electric companies, natural gas companies, and coal companies are included.more » The report is organized into six chapters: (1) economics of privatization; (2) petroleum privatization efforts among non-U.S. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development nations; (3) petroleum privatization efforts in Latin America; (4) privatization in socialist and former socialist regimes; (5) privatization efforts in global electric power generation, transmission, and distribution industries; and (6) privatization and globalization of world coal.« less

[Private companies: an opportunity for hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevention and care in Ivory Coast in the wake of HIV/AIDS?].

PubMed

Bekelynck, A

2015-02-01

In the 1990s, defenders of "aids exceptionnalism" have promised that the inequities caused by HIV/AIDS could provide leverage in the care of other health issues later. Fifteen years later, this argument can be rethought at the light of the current context of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Ivory Coast. In fact, in this country, the challenges caused by HBVecho those of HIV/AIDS fifteen years ago: high prevalence (8-10%), ignorance of the disease, and high cost of care. To this end, this article compares the role of private companies in the fights against HIV/AIDS in the 2000s and its role in the fight against HBV today. Although some private firms played a critical role in the promotion of universal access to ART, today, they are one of the few places where HBV screening, vaccination and treatment are offered in the country. HIV/AIDS opened the door for private companies to address other diseases through their health care systems. However, many challenges still need to be met: the absence of qualitative ongoing training for health professionals, illness representations and the costs of treatments, which are all related to the lack of international and national collective action. In Ivory Coast, at the early stage of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, national authorities took up the leadership in the fight against AIDS in West Africa, by developing extraverted strategies (Xth ICASA's organization, Unaids initiative hosting). The exceptional international mobilization and the creation of innovative funding mechanisms [International Therapeutic Solidarity Fund (ITSF), Global Fund (GM), and President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)] have facilitated easy access to ARV. Although 380 million people are infected by chronic HBV in the world, even so, international and national collective actions are fledgling and remained weak. Moreover, private firms have represented leverage for testing, treatment, and the provision of universal access to medication in the context of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Ivory Coast, as relayed by other public and private actors. In the HBV context, private companies can only be a vector for the development of a two tier healthcare system. Therefore, the lack of a strong international commitment prevents public and private local initiatives to generalize HBV prevention and treatment.

Access to Care: The Physician's Perspective

PubMed Central

Ruckle, Janessa E; Sultan, Omar S; Kemble, Stephen

2011-01-01

Private practice physicians in Hawai‘i were surveyed to better understand their impressions of different insurance plans and their willingness to care for patients with those plans. Physician experiences and perspectives were investigated in regard to reimbursement, formulary limitations, pre-authorizations, specialty referrals, responsiveness to problems, and patient knowledge of their plans. The willingness of physicians to accept new patients from specific insurance company programs clearly correlated with the difficulties and limitations physicians perceive in working with the companies (p < 0.0012). Survey results indicate that providers in private practice were much more likely to accept University Health Alliance (UHA) and Hawai‘i Medical Services Association (HMSA) Commercial insurance than Aloha Care Advantage and Aloha Quest. This was likely related to the more favorable impressions of the services, payments, and lower administrative burden offered by those companies compared with others. PMID:21308645

Access to care: the physician's perspective.

PubMed

Tice, Alan; Ruckle, Janessa E; Sultan, Omar S; Kemble, Stephen

2011-02-01

Private practice physicians in Hawaii were surveyed to better understand their impressions of different insurance plans and their willingness to care for patients with those plans. Physician experiences and perspectives were investigated in regard to reimbursement, formulary limitations, pre-authorizations, specialty referrals, responsiveness to problems, and patient knowledge of their plans. The willingness of physicians to accept new patients from specific insurance company programs clearly correlated with the difficulties and limitations physicians perceive in working with the companies (p<0.0012). Survey results indicate that providers in private practice were much more likely to accept University Health Alliance (UHA) and Hawaii Medical Services Association (HMSA) Commercial insurance than Aloha Care Advantage and Aloha Quest. This was likely related to the more favorable impressions of the services, payments, and lower administrative burden offered by those companies compared with others. Hawaii Medical Journal Copyright 2011.

Alumni Profiles.

PubMed

Nitschke, Jonathan R; Quattropani, Anna; Corminboeuf, Clémence; Velonia, Kelly; Wilkinsoe, Kevin J; Kubel, Frank

2009-12-01

Former PhD students, post-docs and junior researchers of the Section de chimie et biochimie now holding positions at different universities and private companies remember the time they spent in Geneva and give an account of how this has set off and influenced their careers.

State University of New York Controls Over Telephone Systems at Selected Campuses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

New York State Office of the Comptroller, Albany.

The State University of New York (SUNY) consists of 29 State-operated campuses. Campuses of the SUNY system each operate and manage their own telephone systems. Campuses may own or lease their own telephone system called a private branch exchange (PBX). A PBX makes a campus a miniature telephone company with the ability to add and delete telephone…

76 FR 45281 - National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); Assistance to Private Sector Property Insurers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-28

... Financial Assistance/ Subsidy Arrangement (Arrangement) to notify private insurance companies (Companies... materials and submission instructions, to all private insurance companies participating under the current FY2011 Arrangement. Any private insurance company not currently participating in the WYO Program but...

75 FR 42766 - National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); Assistance to Private Sector Property Insurers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-22

... Financial Assistance/ Subsidy Arrangement (Arrangement) to notify private insurance companies (Companies... private insurance companies participating under the current FY2010 Arrangement. Any private insurance...] National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); Assistance to Private Sector Property Insurers, Availability of...

Colleges Aim for Niche in Online Banking.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Audrey Y.

2001-01-01

Explores how, in deals meant to win friends as well as fees, colleges like Drexel University are joining with outside companies to offer online banking services. Discusses the risks and advantages of such private-label financial services for students, faculty/staff, and alumni. (EV)

[How do hospital clinical laboratories and laboratory testing companies cooperate and build reciprocal relations?].

PubMed

Kawano, Seiji

2014-12-01

As the 2nd Joint Symposium of the Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine and the Japanese Association of Laboratory Pathologists, the symposium on clinical test out-sourcing and branch laboratories was held at the 60th General Meeting of the Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine on November 2nd, 2013 in Kobe. For the symposium, we conducted a questionnaire survey on the usage of clinical test out-sourcing and the introduction of branch laboratories to clinical laboratories of Japanese university hospitals, both private and public, between July 25th and August 20th, 2013. Seventy-two hospitals responded to the questionnaire survey, consisting of 41 public medical school hospitals and 31 private ones. According to the survey, the selection of each clinical test for out-sourcing was mainly determined by the capacities of hospital clinical laboratories and their equipment, as well as the profitability of each test. The main concerns of clinical laboratory members of university hospitals involved the continuity of measurement principles, traceability, and standardization of reference values for each test. They strongly requested the interchangeability and computerization of test data between laboratory testing companies. A branch laboratory was introduced to six hospitals, all of which were private medical college hospitals, out of 72 university hospitals, and eight of the other hospitals were open to its introduction. The merits and demerits of introducing a branch laboratory were also discussed. (Review).

Panel I: Technology and Jobs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appalachia, 1984

1984-01-01

Panel I features two case histories of state government, university, and private corporation cooperation to bring technology to the workplace (Microelectronics Center of North Carolina and Ben Franklin Partnership Program) and presentations about Burlington Industries and General Electric Company investments in technology to save jobs and boost…

Recipe for Regional Development.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, Fred D.

1994-01-01

The Ceramics Corridor has created new jobs in New York's Appalachian region by fostering ceramics research and product development by small private companies. Corridor business incubators offer tenants low overhead costs, fiber-optic connections to Alfred University's mainframe computer, rental of lab space, and use of equipment small companies…

Science as a Cultural Force.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woolf, Harry

This collection of four essays brings together the outer, external public aspect of scientific activities, and the internal, private world of scientific thought. Originally delivered as lectures at Johns Hopkins University for the Shell Companies Foundation Lectures on Science, Technology, and Society, these essays touch upon the broader aspects…

[Biomedical research from philanthropy to scarcity.

PubMed

Addis, Antonio; De Fiore, Luca; Traversa, Giuseppe

2016-10-01

Some huge information technology companies have increased investment in biomedical research: recently Google, Microsoft, and Facebook. The latter presented the ambitious Zuckerberg-Chan Initiative involving three major Californian universities: UC San Francisco, Berkeley and Stanford. These important private investments arouse reflections. First, investing in scientific research improves the corporate image of the most generous companies and it is a great marketing strategy. Second, the availability of private funds is surely useful, especially if these funds are directed to relevant projects, and produce studies conducted and disseminated in a transparent way. Third, private funding should not replace public ones, representing an integration that will not likely affect the determination of the research agenda, which should remain the prerogative of public institutions. Fourth, the researchers involved in public funded projects should benefit from the margin of freedom that private industry promises, both in the decision of research pathways and in their course. Finally, the scarcity of resources is likely to divert energy and attention of the public researchers and this aspect should be considered by decision makers when determining size and recipients of research funding.

The Temptations and Realities of Outsourcing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wertz, Richard D.

2005-01-01

As colleges and universities attempt to produce additional revenue and enhance their services, more are entering into contracts with private companies. Some agreements involve lengthy commitments, and this means that outsourcing contracts require thorough review by boards of trustees, which are being called upon to act with greater diligence to…

Genetic Engineering of Plants. Agricultural Research Opportunities and Policy Concerns.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roberts, Leslie

Plant scientists and science policymakers from government, private companies, and universities met at a convocation on the genetic engineering of plants. During the convocation, researchers described some of the ways genetic engineering may be used to address agricultural problems. Policymakers delineated and debated changes in research funding…

Private Military and Security Companies - Counterinsurgency and Nation Building Strategy

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-25

cans, and bought war bonds is long gone. One advantage that the private sector brings to public wars is capacity. Companies like Kellogg and Brown...1 Anne-Marie Buzatu, and Benjamin S . Buckland, “Private Military & Security Companies : Future Challenges in...From  -­‐  To)   September 2012 - April 2013 4.  TITLE  AND  SUBTITLE   Private Military and Security Companies - Counterinsurgency and

Checklists, rules and creativity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Glasmacher, Thomas

2009-01-01

Universities have something that private industry wants - a unique culture of continuous learning, curiosity-driven research and international collaboration. According to an unending string of accounts in the business press, adopting this university culture is imperative for survival and success in the "technology-driven" 21st-century economy. The industry poster child for this idea is the IT giant Google. Its success undoubtedly buys the company increasing freedom to experiment with and nurture its own unique culture. But Google is routinely lauded for fostering academic-style debate in meetings, maintaining a fluid organization chart that allows employees to try other roles, and giving its engineers one day a week to pursue their own creative ideas for advancing the company's interests.

[What characterizes companies that buy private health insurance?].

PubMed

Seim, Asbjørn; Løvaas, Linda; Hagen, Terje P

2007-10-18

Starting from a very low level, the number of Norwegian companies and individuals that buy private health insurance has increased during recent years. We ask: What characterizes companies that buy private health insurance? Data were collected through a postal survey to 2,500 companies with two or more employees during the spring of 2005. The response rate was 0.43. The probability of buying health insurance was analyzed by means of logistic regression. More than 80,000 individuals, or approximately 1.8% of the Norwegian population, bought private health insurance by the beginning of 2007. 75% were insured through collective insurance contracts through companies, while the rest had bought individual policies. The number of employees holding private health insurance through their employer comprised 2.5% of the total workforce. The probability for companies to buy private health insurance increased with the firm's profitability, by the share of younger employees and with the employees' average level of education. The probability of buying private health insurance is higher in branches with increased health risk such as agriculture and forestry, mining, building and constructions than in low risk branches. We assume that future demand for private health insurance in Norway will depend on the tax incentives, waiting time to elective treatment and the companies' profit margins.

Private Sector/Educator Collaboration: Project Improves Financial, Economic Literacy of America's Youth

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haynes, Deborah C.; Chinadle, Nicole

2007-01-01

The Family Economics and Financial Education Project (FEFE) began in 2001 at Montana State University with an annual grant from Take Charge America, Inc., a credit counseling and debt management company headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. FEFE's mission is to provide educators with curriculum materials and training to be effective teachers of…

Impacts of harvesting in wetlands; results from studies at Auburn University

Treesearch

B.G. Lockaby; R. Rummer

1996-01-01

Bottomland hardwoods have long been considered a highly valued resource among forest companies and non-industrial private forest landowners in the Southern United States. Unfortunately, over the past century in particular, approximately 27 million acres of bottomland hardwoods have been converted to other land uses (principally agriculture). Consequently, only about...

Establishing and Maintaining Organizational Trust in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunt, Matt; Lara, Tracy M.; Hughey, Aaron W.

2009-01-01

Recent corporate and academic scandals have led to decreasing levels of trust and confidence in many organizations. Whether the organization is a college or university, a government agency, a private company or a public corporation, the establishment and maintenance of trust is essential to both short-term success and long-term efficacy. This…

Case Study of Reinvention: College of Charleston

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Alice W.

2011-01-01

Colleges survive sometimes because they are able to merge with another institution (a for-profit company, another private college, a state university). The change at the College of Charleston was shaped in the 1970s, when the college did not "merge" with a state institution--it "became" a state institution, which grew.. and…

Problem: Foreign Students. Solution: Corporate Partner

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, Karin

2008-01-01

Over the past decade, partnerships between a university and a private company to recruit and educate foreign students in a college-preparatory program have become a commonplace in other English-speaking countries. The reason is clear: pathways programs enable colleges to tap into a much broader pool of students, including those who may not qualify…

Shared Savings Financing for College and University Energy Efficiency Investments.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Business Officer, 1984

1984-01-01

Shared savings arrangements for campus energy efficient investments are discussed. Shared savings is a term for an agreement in which a private company offers to implement an energy efficiency program, including capital improvements, in exchange for a portion of the energy cost savings. Attention is directed to: types of shared savings…

[The contradictions between the universal Unified Health System and the transfer of public funds to private health plans and insurances].

PubMed

Bahia, Ligia

2008-01-01

Trailing the whole group of trends and changes in the scenario of relations between the public and the private, this article analyses the effects of the rise in the rates of return of health plan operators and health insurance companies in 2007. Special attention is given to the segmentation of the system, the complaints about the naturalization of inequitable access to health services and to the depreciation of the original concepts of the Unified Health System. The study also gathers information regarding the production of knowledge about supplementary care with the intent to systemize the bases and methodological approaches adopted by a selected sub-group of scientific papers. Finally, the article develops conjectures and hypotheses with regard to possible associations between growth and stability of the health plan and insurance market and as refers to the nature of scientific production about this issue, taking into consideration the contradictions between the political and economical circuit in which the health plan and insurance companies are operating and the universality of the Brazilian Health System.

University Start-up Companies as a Response to Changing Federal Funding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dehn, J.; Webley, P.

2013-12-01

In challenging financial times, science funding is often one of the first casualties in a federal budget. In some cases the unfunded research has market potential and many universities are adopting policies to allow faculty and staff to form companies to support continuing research. Though this is clearly not a replacement for federal support for basic science, it can augment science funding and support the university missions of education, research and service. When federal support for volcano remote sensing at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute as part of the Alaska Volcano Observatory after 25 years, the PIs started a company called V-ADAPT (Volcanic-Ash Detection, Avoidance and Preparedness for Transportation). This presented a variety of challenges and changing relationships within the volcanic monitoring community. It also raised a series of important questions: (1) What is the role of a private company in providing something that was once publically available? (2) How will the marketplace influence the directions of the research at a university? (3) How can the restrictions placed on federal employees allow effective collaboration? (4) Can the Bayh-Dole and Stafford Acts exist in harmony in this environment? There are many successful examples of start-up companies working well within this environment, but much of this is dependent on the laws and regulations in each state, that vary widely. In addition, many universities have policies in place that are not always compatible with model. A flexible approach is needed to ensure that university missions are not compromised and that an effective business model can support research. Few scientists are not business-savvy, so utilizing the other expertise at a university in schools of business, finance, management and political science is recommended.

The use of data mining by private health insurance companies and customers' privacy.

PubMed

Al-Saggaf, Yeslam

2015-07-01

This article examines privacy threats arising from the use of data mining by private Australian health insurance companies. Qualitative interviews were conducted with key experts, and Australian governmental and nongovernmental websites relevant to private health insurance were searched. Using Rationale, a critical thinking tool, the themes and considerations elicited through this empirical approach were developed into an argument about the use of data mining by private health insurance companies. The argument is followed by an ethical analysis guided by classical philosophical theories-utilitarianism, Mill's harm principle, Kant's deontological theory, and Helen Nissenbaum's contextual integrity framework. Both the argument and the ethical analysis find the use of data mining by private health insurance companies in Australia to be unethical. Although private health insurance companies in Australia cannot use data mining for risk rating to cherry-pick customers and cannot use customers' personal information for unintended purposes, this article nonetheless concludes that the secondary use of customers' personal information and the absence of customers' consent still suggest that the use of data mining by private health insurance companies is wrong.

Benefits of a department of corrections partnership with a health sciences university: New Jersey's experience.

PubMed

Reeves, Rusty; Brewer, Arthur; Debilio, Lisa; Kosseff, Christopher; Dickert, Jeff

2014-04-01

More than half of the state prisons in the United States outsource health care. While most states contract with private companies, a small number of states have reached out to their health science universities to meet their needs for health care of prisoners. New Jersey is the most recent state to form such an agreement. This article discusses the benefits of such a model for New Jersey's Department of Corrections and for New Jersey's health sciences university, the Rutgers University, formerly the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. The benefits for both institutions should encourage other states to participate in such affiliations.

Are your employees protected from blood-borne pathogens? OSHA standards charge textile rental companies with responsibility for worker safety.

PubMed

Weller, S C

1991-11-01

Congress is putting pressure on OSHA to finalize its Universal Precaution standards by December. When the standards go into effect, textile rental companies that serve medical, dental, and outpatient care facilities--including private physician and dentist offices--must take steps to protect employees from blood-borne pathogens. Soiled linens, towels, gowns, and other items from any customer in risk categories link a textile rental facility and/or commercial laundry with the OSHA regulations. Read and heed this information.

The conservation and utilisation of corporate documents and records : In the case of Yamaichi Security Company which had failed in 1997

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Itoh, Masanao

This article aims to explain the role and function of the faculty archives affiliated with the faculty of economics, the University of Tokyo, which preserves corporate and private documents and records of importance as historical materials received from various corporations and individuals and makes them available to the researcher and public, and then to explain how and why we have hold the original documents and records of Yamaichi Securities Company which had failed in 1997.

75 FR 16071 - Circular Welded Carbon Quality Steel Line Pipe from the People's Republic of China: Notice of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-31

.... Accordingly, the Department determined that supplier to be a private company and thus did not include the hot... Huludao Companies to be a private company and not a state-owned enterprise. On September 10, 2009, the CIT... private ownership of the supplier of hot-rolled steel to the Huludao Companies to be in error. The...

Best Practices for Quality Improvement--Lessons from Top Ranked Engineering Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rao, Potti Srinivasa; Viswanadhan, K. G.; Raghunandana, K.

2015-01-01

Maximum number of privately funded engineering institutions have been established in India in the last two decades to meet the growing needs of technical manpower required by the Engineering and IT companies as well as aspiring students after completion of the Pre-University Program. However, a large number of institutions have not been able to…

77 FR 19612 - Certain Frozen Warmwater Shrimp from Brazil, India, and Thailand: Notice of Initiation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-02

.... Chemmeens (Regd) Cherukattu Industries \\2\\ Choice Canning Company Choice Trading Corporation Private Limited... Private Limited/Kader Investment and Trading Company Private Limited/Liberty Frozen Foods Pvt. Ltd... Limited Sun-Bio Technology Limited Suryamitra Exim (P) Ltd. Suvarna Rekha Exports Private Limited Suvarna...

Private Military Companies: Analyzing the Use of Armed Contractors

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

of European nation-states. New bureaucracies were created, and a social system that placed control and responsibility for decisions on the state...These intellectual arguments were reinforced by the economic arguments of Milton Friedman , who expounded on the virtues of free markets and limited...1999), 361-67. 27 Ibid., 336-414. 28 Ibid., 368-70. 29 Milton Friedman , Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: The University of

Interdisciplinary Aspects of Reading Instruction; Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western College Reading Association (4th, Los Angeles, April 1-3, 1971).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christ, Frank L., Ed.

The twenty-two papers included in this volume on the theme "Interdisciplinary Aspects of Reading Instruction" represent the views of reading/study specialists and directors for twelve junior-community colleges, two four-year colleges, five state and private universities, one hospital, and two companies which deal in educational products…

Exploring health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of insurers

PubMed Central

Salim, Anas Mustafa Ahmed; Hamed, Fatima Hashim Mahmoud

2018-01-01

Background: It has been 20 years since the introduction of health insurance in Sudan. This study was the first one that explored health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of the insurers. Methods: This was a qualitative, exploratory, interview study. The sampling frame was the list of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance institutions in Sudan. Participants were selected from the four Social Health Insurance institutions and from five Private Health Insurance companies. The study was conducted in January and February 2017. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with a convenient sample of key executives from the different health insurers. Ideas and themes were identified and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The result showed that universal coverage was not achieved despite long time presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan. All participants described their services as comprehensive. All participants have good perception of the quality of the services they provide, although none of them investigated customer satisfaction. The main challenges facing Social Health Insurance are achieving universal coverage, ensuring sustainability and recruitment of the informal sector and self-employed population. Consumers’ affordability of the premiums is the main obstacle for Private Health Insurance, while rising healthcare cost due to economic inflation is a challenge facing both Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance. Conclusion: In spite of the presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan, the country is still far from achieving universal coverage. Moreover, the sustainability of health insurance is questionable. The main reasons include low governmental financial resources and lack of affordability by beneficiaries especially for Private Health Insurance. This necessitates finding solutions to improve them or trying other types of health insurance. The quality of services provided by Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance was described as good, but no insurance in Sudan measured customer satisfaction as yet. PMID:29348914

Exploring health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of insurers.

PubMed

Salim, Anas Mustafa Ahmed; Hamed, Fatima Hashim Mahmoud

2018-01-01

It has been 20 years since the introduction of health insurance in Sudan. This study was the first one that explored health insurance services in Sudan from the perspectives of the insurers. This was a qualitative, exploratory, interview study. The sampling frame was the list of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance institutions in Sudan. Participants were selected from the four Social Health Insurance institutions and from five Private Health Insurance companies. The study was conducted in January and February 2017. In-depth individual interviews were conducted with a convenient sample of key executives from the different health insurers. Ideas and themes were identified and analysed using thematic analysis. The result showed that universal coverage was not achieved despite long time presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan. All participants described their services as comprehensive. All participants have good perception of the quality of the services they provide, although none of them investigated customer satisfaction. The main challenges facing Social Health Insurance are achieving universal coverage, ensuring sustainability and recruitment of the informal sector and self-employed population. Consumers' affordability of the premiums is the main obstacle for Private Health Insurance, while rising healthcare cost due to economic inflation is a challenge facing both Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance. In spite of the presence of Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance in Sudan, the country is still far from achieving universal coverage. Moreover, the sustainability of health insurance is questionable. The main reasons include low governmental financial resources and lack of affordability by beneficiaries especially for Private Health Insurance. This necessitates finding solutions to improve them or trying other types of health insurance. The quality of services provided by Social Health Insurance and Private Health Insurance was described as good, but no insurance in Sudan measured customer satisfaction as yet.

Department of Energy Support of Energy Intensive Manufacturing Related to Refractory Research

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hemrick, James Gordon

For many years, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) richly supported refractory related research to enable greater energy efficiency processes in energy intensive manufacturing industries such as iron and steel, glass, aluminum and other non-ferrous metal production, petrochemical, and pulp and paper. Much of this support came through research projects funded by the former DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) under programs such as Advanced Industrial Materials (AIM), Industrial Materials of the Future (IMF), and the Industrial Technologies Program (ITP). Under such initiatives, work was funded at government national laboratories such as Oakmore » Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), at universities such as West Virginia University (WVU) and the Missouri University of Science and Technology (MS&T) which was formerly the University of Missouri Rolla, and at private companies engaged in these manufacturing areas once labeled industries of the future by DOE due to their strategic and economic importance to American industry. Examples of such projects are summarized below with information on the scope, funding level, duration, and impact. This is only a sampling of representative efforts funded by the DOE in which ORNL was involved over the period extending from 1996 to 2011. Other efforts were also funded during this time at various other national laboratories, universities and private companies under the various programs mentioned above. Discussion of the projects below was chosen because I was an active participant in them and it is meant to give a sampling of the magnitude and scope of investments made by DOE in refractory related research over this time period.« less

Private Placement Debt Financing for Public Entities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holman, Lance S.

2010-01-01

Private placement financing is a debt or capital lease obligation arranged between a municipality or a 501(c) (3) not-for-profit organization and a single sophisticated institutional investor. The investor can be a bank, insurance company, finance company, hedge fund, or high-net worth individual. Private placement financing is similar to…

Privatization of School Food Services and Its Effect on the Financial Status of the Cafeteria Fund in Participating California Public School Districts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmieder, June; And Others

The opportunity to increase private company revenues and the pressure to minimize losses within a public school district's cafeteria and general funds have propelled the emergence of private food-service-management companies (FSMCs). This paper presents findings of a study that examined privatization of school food services and its effect on the…

77 FR 19179 - Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews and Request for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-03-30

... Trang Fisheries Joint Stock Company (``Nha Trang FISCO'') Nhat Du Co., Ltd. Ngoc Sinh Private Enterprise... Ngoc Sinh aka Ngoc Sinh Seafood Processing Company aka Ngoc Sinh Seafoods (Private Enterprise) Ngoc.... Parties are hereby reminded that revised certification requirements are in effect for company/government...

76 FR 18157 - Certain Frozen Warmwater Shrimp From Brazil, India, and Thailand: Notice of Initiation of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-01

... (Marine Div.) Choice Canning Company Choice Trading Corporation Private Limited.\\2\\ Coastal Corporation... Investment and Trading Company Private Limited/Liberty Frozen Foods Pvt. Ltd./Liberty Oil Mills Ltd./Premier... International SSF Ltd Star Agro Marine Exports Private Limited......... Sun-Bio Technology Ltd Suryamitra Exim...

Guidelines for Contracting with Private Providers for Educational Services. NSBA Series on School Board Governance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLaughlin, John M.

Among the most rapidly progressing issues in American public education is that of contracting with private companies for teaching or administrative services. This booklet neither encourages nor discourages school boards from considering or entering into relationships with private companies for educational services. School districts usually enter…

The first private sector health insurance company in Ghana.

PubMed

Huff-Rousselle, M; Akuamoah-Boateng, J

1998-01-01

This article analyses the development of Ghana's first private sector health insurance company, the Nationwide Medical Insurance Company. Taking both policy and practical considerations into account (stakeholders' perspectives, economic viability, equity and efficiency), it is structured around key questions which help to define the position and roles of stakeholders--the insurance agency itself, contributors, beneficiaries, and providers--and how they relate to one another and the insurance scheme. These relationships will to a large extent determine Nationwide's long-term success or failure. By creating a unique alliance between physician providers and private sector companies, Nationwide has used employers' interest in cost containment and physicians' interest in expanding their client base as an entrée into the virgin territory of health insurance, and created a hybrid variety of private sector insurance with some of the attributes of a health maintenance organization or managed care. The case study is unusual in that, while public sector programs are often open to academic scrutiny, researchers have rarely had access to detailed data on the establishment of a single private sector insurance company in a developing country. Given that Ghana is planning to launch a national health insurance plan, the article concludes by considering what the experience of this private sector initiative might have to offer public sector planners.

Private sector joins family planning effort.

PubMed

1989-12-01

Projects supported by the Directorate for Population (S&T/POP) of the U.S. Agency for International Development and aimed at increasing for-profit private sector involvement in providing family planning services and products are described. Making products commercially available through social-marketing partnerships with the commercial sector, USAID has saved $1.1 million in commodity costs from Brazil, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Indonesia, and Peru. Active private sector involvement benefits companies, consumers, and donors through increased corporate profits, healthier employees, improved consumer access at lower cost, and the possibility of sustained family planning programs. Moreover, private, for-profit companies will be able to meet service demands over the next 20 years where traditional government and donor agency sources would fail. Using employee surveys and cost-benefit analyses to demonstrate expected financial and health benefits for businesses and work forces, S&T/POP's Technical Information on Population for the Private Sector (TIPPS) project encourages private companies in developing countries to invest in family planning and maternal/child health care for their employees. 36 companies in 9 countries have responded thus far, which examples provided from Peru and Zimbabwe. The Enterprise program's objectives are also to increase the involvement of for-profit companies in delivering family planning services, and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of private volunteer organizations in providing services. Projects have been started with mines, factories, banks, insurance companies, and parastatals in 27 countries, with examples cited from Ghana and Indonesia. Finally, the Social Marketing for Change project (SOMARC) builds demand and distributes low-cost contraceptives through commercial channels especially to low-income audiences. Partnerships have been initiated with the private sector in 17 developing countries, with examples provided from the Dominican Republic, Liberia and Ecuador. These projects have increased private sector involvement in family planning, thereby promoting service expansion at lower public sector cost.

Terrorism: The Challenge to the Private Sector,

DTIC Science & Technology

private sector , security is a line management responsibility, particularly where goals and objectives, information protection, and protection of key assets are concerned. Each company in the corporate world has a different personality. The goals are pretty much the same, but once you get below that initial goal, then you go to beliefs. Some companies are very macho. Some companies won’t let a security man interview a suspect, some companies will. Companies are very hesitant to go th extremes. Companies are both image conscious and fundamentally ethical. They truly do

76 FR 32981 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request, Write Your Own...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-07

... into arrangements with individual private sector insurance companies that are licensed to engage in the... Federal Government will be a grantor of flood insurance coverage for WYO Company policies issued under the... Program (NFIP) by private sector property insurance companies under the WYO Program. Collection of...

75 FR 62424 - EDS, an HP Company (Re-Branded as HP-Enterprise Services) Including On-Site Workers From: Abel...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-08

... Floyd and Company, Trinity Government SYS a Private Co, Verizon Network Integration Corp, Vision... Provider Inc., Teksystems, The Experts Inc., TM Floyd and Company, Trinity Government SYS a Private Co... Compuware Corp Comsys Information Technology SVC, Diversified Systems Inc., E- Corn LLC, Farrington...

ECUT: Energy Conversion and Utilization Technologies program. Industry, university and research interest in the US Department of Energy ECUT biocatalysis research activity

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wilcox, R. E.

1983-01-01

The results of a Research Opportunity Notice (RON) disseminated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy Conversion and Utilization Technologies (ECUT) Program's Biocatalysis Research Activity are presented. The RON was issued in late April of 1983 and solicited expressions of interest from petrochemical and chemical companies, bioengineering firms, biochemical engineering consultants, private research laboratories, and universities for participating in a federal research program to investigate potential applications of biotechnology in producing chemicals. The RON results indicate that broad interest exists within the nation's industry, universities, and research institutes for the Activity and its planned research and development program.

Earth Observation Services (Forest Imaging)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Two university professors used EOCAP funding to demonstrate that satellite data can generate forest classifications with equal or better accuracy than traditional aerial photography techniques. This comparison had not been previously available. CALFIRST, the resulting processing package, will be marketed to forest companies and government agencies. The EOCAP program provides government co-funding to encourage private investment in, and to broaden the use of, NASA- developed technology for analyzing information about Earth and ocean resources.

The Changing Face of Civil-Military Relations: An Examination in the Post 9/11 Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

faithfully reading my working drafts and sharing insights from his own experiences. To Dr. Ron Dains, who inspired my interest in civil- military... market economy. Moreover, growing international responsibilities would extend into the make-up of a new kind of military influence over areas, such as...Lehnardt, eds., From Mercenaries to Market : the Rise and Regulation of Private Military Companies (NY: Oxford University Press, USA, 2007), 3. The

Argentina's YPF hones in on privatization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

This paper reports on Argentina's push to privatize and attract more foreign investment to its petroleum sector which continues to gather momentum. The Argentine government plans by year end 1992 to sell unprofitable assets of Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales, then sell as much as 50% of the state oil company through an international stock offering. If privatization proceeds as expected, YPF Pres. Jose Estenssoro the, the company's stock will be offered to private investors early in 1993. The company was founded in 1922. By March 1992, Argentina also will begin selling all assets of state owned Gas del Estado (GDE) throughmore » an international bidding process expected to take about 18 months.« less

GPR applications in Civil Engineering in Spain - state-of-the-art

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pérez Gracia, Vega; Solla, Mercedes; Santos-Assunçao, Sonia; Lorenzo, Henrique

2014-05-01

GPR was introduced in Spain in 1990, and the first significant work was the PhD thesis of H. Lorenzo in 1994. Due to its versatile applicability, the employ has been increased and actually, GPR is extensively used in detection of pipes, wiring and urban services mainly. During the last years, this method was also widely utilized in the detection of graves from the civil war and in forensic studies, with irregular results. It was also commonly applied in archaeology. Actually exists more than 20 private companies offering geotechnical services by means of GPR. Also, several public institutions as Universities and Research Institutes base part of their research in GPR or in GPR applications. Notwithstanding, no training courses of specific formation on GPR is offered, but in several doctorate programs it is possible to work with GPR. Also, in many schools, GPR is part of the geophysical formation of graduate students. However, no national guidelines and rules exist, and each company defines the investigation protocols. Nevertheless, one of the aims of the Comisión Española de Geodesia y Geofísica (Spanish Committee for Geodesy and Geophysics) is to define guidelines for the GPR studies. Probably, the existence of national guidelines or perhaps European guidelines could be the most effective way to promote the responsible use of GPR in different domains. On the other hand, perhaps recommendations on the use of combined methodologies could be a practical way to persuade in the application of geophysical non-destructive technologies. The CEDEX, Centro de Estudios y Experimentación de Obras Públicas (Center for Studies and Experimentation in Civil Engineering), which is a civil engineering research agency in Spain, offers different test sites to calibrate and evaluate the method. It is an autonomous organization, organically ascribed at present to the Ministry of Fomento, and functionally ascribed to the Ministries of Fomento and Medioambiente of Spain, giving assistance to various administrations, public institutions and private companies. What is more, some of the existing private companies have also minor test sites to analyze the behavior of the signal and its propagation depending on the type of asphalt concrete. GPR is used mainly in detection of pipes and urban services and various private companies are specialized in these tasks. Another widespread application is archaeological survey; one private company is also specialized in archaeology evaluations, using GPR combined with magnetometer. Forensic examinations are also common applications in Spain. Other less common applications are: regular inspection of roads, bridges and tunnels, cultural heritage buildings assessment, shallow geology studies and quality control in civil engineering. Acknowledgment The study is a contribution to the EU funded COST Action TU1208, "Civil Engineering Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar".

Ethics in clinical drug trial research in private practice.

PubMed

Beran, R G; Beran, M E

2006-09-01

Private clinics and clinicians have been involved in clinical drug trials for approximately two decades. This paper reviews the ethical consideration inherent in this process. Involvement of a single community based, private, Australian neurological clinic in the conduct of trials was audited. Changes in ethical considerations were analysed. The clinic previously audited its clinical trial involvement, starting with pharmaceutical company orchestrated trials. These were vetted by hospital based ethics committees (ECs) which then refused to review private research. A private EC accommodating NH & MRC standards was formed to assess private research. Indemnity concerns forced return to institutional ECs with government guaranteed indemnification. Trials evolved to investigator initiated, company sponsored studies thence a company asking the clinic to devise, sponsor and manage a trial. The latter relegated trial co-ordination to the clinic which would control publication thereby creating new ethical standards. Private practice trial involvement evolved from reluctant inclusion to a pivotal role in privately sponsored studies. Access to ECs is government endorsed and publication is independent for investigator-sponsored trials. There has been modification of standard operating procedures and enhanced ethical standards.

Effect of the economic crisis on the production of immunology patents managed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty agreement from 2004-2011.

PubMed

Campos, Elena; Campos, Adolfo

2015-07-01

To determine the evolution of patents in immunology, as a result of research and innovation in the years 2004-2011. The search for patents published internationally in immunology was made by using the SCOPUSTM database. SCOPUS gives information about over 23 million patents. The extracted data from patents were: inventors and applicants; their nationalities; sections, classes and subclasses of the International Patent Classification. 89 countries. Data have been obtained from the database SCOPUS. It has been used for the international patent classification. Patents by country, Productive sectors, Productive areas. A total of 17,281 patents were applied for immunology during 2004-2011 of which 16,811 were from 30 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, and 5326 from 28 countries in the European Union. These patents were granted in 89 countries and 13,699 of them were submitted by researchers from only one country. Private entities applied for 62.45% of all patents, universities 17.48%, hospitals 3.40% and public research organisations and private applicants applied for the rest. The university that made more applications was the University of California with 315 and the company was Genentech Inc. (US) with 302. The reduction in the number of applications of international patents in all disciplines of science also affected the area of immunology. Collaboration in immunology between universities, companies and hospitals is hard because their interests are different. It is shown in patent applications that the majority of patents in immunology are applied for by only one entity. Patents in immunology are developed, mainly, in aspects such as medical preparations, peptides, mutation or genetic engineering, therapeutic activity of chemical compounds and analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties.

Old ways, new means: tobacco industry funding of academic and private sector scientists since the Master Settlement Agreement.

PubMed

Schick, Suzaynn F; Glantz, Stanton A

2007-06-01

When, as a condition of the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) in 1998, US tobacco companies disbanded the Council for Tobacco Research and the Center for Indoor Air Research, they lost a vital connection to scientists in academia and the private sector. The aim of this paper was to investigate two new research projects funded by US tobacco companies by analysis of internal tobacco industry documents now available at the University of California San Francisco (San Francisco, California, USA) Legacy tobacco documents library, other websites and the open scientific literature. Since the MSA, individual US tobacco companies have replaced their industry-wide collaborative granting organisations with new, individual research programmes. Philip Morris has funded a directed research project through the non-profit Life Sciences Research Office, and British American Tobacco and its US subsidiary Brown and Williamson have funded the non-profit Institute for Science and Health. Both of these organisations have downplayed or concealed their true level of involvement with the tobacco industry. Both organisations have key members with significant and long-standing financial relationships with the tobacco industry. Regulatory officials and policy makers need to be aware that the studies these groups publish may not be as independent as they seem.

Workforce Issues. Employment Practices in Selected Large Private Companies. Report to Congressional Committees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. General Government Div.

The General Accounting Office examined employment practices in 130 selected large private U.S. companies with at least 100 workers in each of 10 or more employment locations and at least 25,000 employees. Of the 130 companies surveyed, 83 (64%) returned usable responses. The respondents reported using a wide range of employment practices for…

Role of Academic Drug Discovery in the Quest for New CNS Therapeutics.

PubMed

Yokley, Brian H; Hartman, Matthew; Slusher, Barbara S

2017-03-15

There was a greater than 50% decline in central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery and development programs by major pharmaceutical companies from 2009 to 2014. This decline was paralleled by a rise in the number of university led drug discovery centers, many in the CNS area, and a growth in the number of public-private drug discovery partnerships. Diverse operating models have emerged as the academic drug discovery centers adapt to this changing ecosystem.

Hyperspectral Imaging on the International Space Station: An Innovative Approach to Commercial Development of Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2003-01-01

NASA s Space Partnership Division (SPD) was established to promote the commercial development of space by providing access to space ai opportunity to perform commercial research in the microgravity environment. NASA, through SPD, has established Research Partnership Centers (RPC s) that bring the government, universities at private industry together to perform research in space for commercial applica!.!lons. The SPD Office has fostered a re!ationship between an RPC and an aerospace company to perform hyperspectral imaging on the Window Observational Research Facility (WORF) on board the International Space Station (ISS). As a result of this relationship and M the capabilities of the WORF, the ISS will serve the private sector with platform to conduct hyperspectral imaging for commercial research.

Technical innovations in international e-nursing.

PubMed

Carty, Rita M; Principato, Jerold J

2002-01-01

Saudi Arabia faces a severe shortage of nurses. An online nursing degree is being introduced as one approach to this problem. In 1999, the College of Nursing and Health Science at George Mason University formed a strategic partnership with IMED Link, a private telehealth company, to deliver online nursing education. Nine courses have been developed so far, including nursing assessment. The educational material will be distributed via Saudi Arabia's telemedicine network. The courses will be led by professors of nursing at George Mason University using videoconferencing, coupled with online computer classes and Internet tools. Both nursing content and expertise in Web technologies are necessary to develop a successful e-nursing programme.

Budget Savings Through the Responsible Use of Energy in Navy Privatized Housing Communities

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

provide a military family with housing, how they function, the pros and cons associated with these methods, and service members’ housing preferences...the private sector, specifically insurance companies and businessmen in each localized post area, to produce viable solutions to the military...build rental housing for military families and for insurance companies to insure these projects for private business ventures (Baldwin, 1996). C

Is there a duty for private employers to provide emergency mental health care services?

PubMed

Langlieb, Tammara F; Langlieb, Alan M; Everly, George S

2006-01-01

This article presents a discussion of whether employers in private companies have a duty to provide an emergency action plan with a mental health component for its employees. It discusses basic negligence concepts and focuses mainly on the "duty of care" component of negligence. It then applies the negligence concepts to private employers and discusses how private companies arguably might have a duty under the laws of negligence to provide employees with an emergency action plan, specifically a plan including mental health provisions.

Best practices: a review of company activity on HIV / AIDS in South Africa.

PubMed

Michael, K

1999-01-01

This article presents the 1998 survey results conducted by the Health Economics and HIV/AIDS Research Division of the University of Natal in South Africa with the goal of documenting the best practices of managing HIV/AIDS in the workplace. The five key areas of the study are: HIV prevention; managing ill health; human resource development and industrial relations; employee benefits and survivor support; monitoring and planning for change in the workplace. The research comprised 14 companies used during the case studies. A few notable cases were observed among companies attempting to create awareness about HIV/AIDS. The Best Practice Survey highlighted issues about the private sectors in South Africa and their HIV management. First, companies conceptualize AIDS as either a health or poverty problem. Second, the environment is affected by the hazards of economic downturns, labor action, and economic inflation while the AIDS problem is neglected. Third, indirect costs were not considered and most companies feel that the conversion to a defined contribution arrangement compensates against escalating payouts for benefits. Fourth, long-term plans of the companies did not utilize the ill health statistics for the past 5 years.

NASA Deputy Administrator Tours Sierra Nevada Space Systems' Dre

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-05

Director of Advanced Programs, Sierra Nevada Corporation, Jim Voss talks during a press conference with Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft in the background on Saturday, Feb. 5, 2011, at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft is under development with support from NASA's Commercial Crew Development Program to provide crew transportation to and from low Earth orbit. NASA is helping private companies develop innovative technologies to ensure that the U.S. remains competitive in future space endeavors. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Tours Sierra Nevada Space Systems' Dre

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-05

Sierra Nevada Space Systems chairman Mark Sirangello talks during a press conference with Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft in the background on Saturday, Feb. 5, 2011, at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft is under development with support from NASA's Commercial Crew Development Program to provide crew transportation to and from low Earth orbit. NASA is helping private companies develop innovative technologies to ensure that the U.S. remains competitive in future space endeavors. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Tours Sierra Nevada Space Systems' Dre

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-05

NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver talks during a press conference with Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft in the background on Saturday, Feb. 5, 2011, at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft is under development with support from NASA's Commercial Crew Development Program to provide crew transportation to and from low Earth orbit. NASA is helping private companies develop innovative technologies to ensure that the U.S. remains competitive in future space endeavors. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA Deputy Administrator Tours Sierra Nevada Space Systems' Dre

NASA Image and Video Library

2011-02-05

Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft is seen as NASA Deputy Administrator Lori Garver talks during a press conference on Saturday, Feb. 5, 2011, at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Sierra Nevada's Dream Chaser spacecraft is under development with support from NASA's Commercial Crew Development Program to provide crew transportation to and from low Earth orbit. NASA is helping private companies develop innovative technologies to ensure that the U.S. remains competitive in future space endeavors. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

Characterization of users of remotely-sensed data in the Alabama coastal zone. [user requirements, surveys - technology utilization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vittor, B. A. (Editor)

1975-01-01

Federal, State, local, universities and private companies were polled to determine their needs for remote sensing data. A total of 62 users were polled. Poll results are given in tables. A comprehensive research program was developed to satisfy user needs, and is examined for the disciplines of Geology, Water Resources, Archaeology, Geography, and Conservation. An investigation of silt plume discharge from Mobile Bay is also examined. Sample poll forms used in the surveys are shown.

Information Technology Training: Practices of Leading Private Sector Companies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

The General Accounting Office (GAO) examined private-sector workforce training practices for information technology (IT) and non-IT professionals. Data were collected from the following sources: a literature review; discussions with academic and professional authorities; interviews with executives and managers at leading companies regarding their…

Why India should become a global leader in high-quality, affordable TB diagnostics

PubMed Central

Small, Peter

2012-01-01

The scale up of DOTS in India is one of the greatest public health accomplishments, and yet undiagnosed and poorly managed TB continues to fuel the epidemic such that India continues to have the highest number of TB cases in the world. Recognizing these challenges, the Government of India has set an ambitious goal of providing universal access to quality diagnosis and treatment for all TB patients in the country. Innovative tools and delivery systems in both the public and private sectors are essential for reaching this goal. Fortunately, India has the potential to solve its TB problem with “home-grown” solutions. Just as Indian pharmaceutical companies revolutionized access to high-quality, affordable AIDS drugs through generic production, Indian diagnostic companies could also become the world's hub for high-quality generic diagnostics. In the long term, India has the potential to lead the world in developing innovative TB diagnostics. For this to happen, Indian industry must move from the import and imitation approach to genuine innovation in both product development as well as delivery. This must be supported by permissive policies and enhanced funding by the Indian government and the private sector. Strict regulation of diagnostics, increased attention to quality assurance in laboratories, and greater engagement of the private health care providers are also needed to effectively deliver innovative products and approaches. PMID:22771602

Exploring the public-private and company size differences in employees' work characteristics and burnout: data analysis of a nationwide survey in Taiwan.

PubMed

Yeh, Wan-Yu; Yeh, Ching-Ying; Chen, Chiou-Jong

2018-05-15

Distinct differences exist between public-private sector organizations with respect to the market environment and operational objectives; furthermore, among private sector businesses, organizational structures and work conditions often vary between large- and small-sized companies. Despite these obvious structural distinctions, however, sectoral differences in employees' psychosocial risks and burnout status in national level have rarely been systematically investigated. Based on 2013 national employee survey data, 15,000 full-time employees were studied. Sector types were classified into "public," "private enterprise-large (LE)," and "private enterprise-small and medium (SME);" based on the definition of SMEs by Taiwan Ministry of Economic Affairs, and the associations of sector types with self-reported burnout status (measured by the Chinese version of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory) were examined, taking into account other work characteristics and job instability indicators. Significantly longer working hours and higher perceived job insecurity were found among private sector employees than their public sector counterparts. With further consideration of company size, greater dissatisfaction of job control and career prospect were found among SME employees than the other two sector type workers. This study explores the pattern of public-private differences in work conditions and employees' stress-related problems to have policy implications for supporting mechanism for disadvantaged workers in private sectors.

JPRS Report: East Asia Southeast Asia.

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-07-26

private sector companies and will be set up on a BOO basis. Speaking in Jakarta on 2 June, Habibie said : "Thus far several companies from the United...private sector the construction of the "Muria" generator on a BOO basis. He said : "Why should we turn over the nuclear powered electricity generator... said that the plan to offer this construction project to the private sector on a BOO basis is quite realistic. However, he quickly added that the

Private sector cautious on Pemex reorganization

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sissell, K.

1997-03-19

Private sector interest in the privatization of the petrochemical subsidiaries of Mexico`s state oil company Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) will hinge on the government`s decisions on minority ownership, says Raul Millares, president of Aniq, the Mexican chemical industry association. The murkiest issues are how the subsidiaries will be operated and what rights minority owners will have. {open_quotes}The question is who is going to manage the subsidiaries on a day-to-day basis,{close_quotes} says Millares. {open_quotes}There is a lot of doubt as to whether private companies will be able to get the flexibility they need.{close_quotes}

Business Development Corporation, Inc.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jasek, S.

1995-12-31

Business Development Corporation, Inc., is a company specializing in opportunity seeking and business development activities in the {open_quotes}new{close_quotes} post communist Central and Eastern Europe, with particular emphasis on the Republics of Poland and Slovakia. The company currently focuses its expertise on strategic investing and business development between Central Europe and the United States of America. In Poland and Slovakia, the company specializes in developing large scale energy and environmental {open_quotes}infrastructure{close_quotes} development projects on the federal, state, and local level. In addition, the company assists large state owned industries in the transformation and privatization process. Business Development Corporation has assisted andmore » continues to assist in projects of national importance. The staff of experts advise numerous large Polish and Slovak companies, most owned or in the process of privatization, on matters of restructuring, finance, capital structure, strategic parternships or investors, mergers, acquisitions and joint ventures with U.S. based firms. The company also assists and advises on a variety of environmental and energy matters in the public and private sector.« less

Mass. for-Profit Helps Schools Trim Special Education Costs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Nirvi

2011-01-01

This article reports on a private Massachusetts company that specializes in showing districts how to rethink the way they staff and deliver special education services. Futures Education is a private company that works with dozens of districts around the country on cutting special education costs. Futures Education may be hired simply to evaluate…

Privatization and the Globalization of Energy Markets

EIA Publications

1996-01-01

Discusses recent efforts at privatization in petroleum, electricity, and coal, as well as the impetus that privatization has provided in fostering the evolution of the multinational and multidimensional energy company.

Interview: Interview with Brad Gray for Personalized Medicine.

PubMed

Gray, Brad

2011-05-01

On 29 June 2010 Brad Gray became the President and Chief Executive Officer of the privately held life sciences company NanoString Technologies, WA, USA. Previously the Vice President of Product and Business Development at Genzyme Genetics, the diagnostic services division of Genzyme Corporation, Brad was in charge of developing molecular diagnostics and partnering activities. In December 2010, NanoString announced its securing of an exclusive worldwide license to develop in vitro diagnostic and research products for breast cancer intrinsic subtyping with the PAM50 gene signature. Brad Gray received a BA in Economics and Management from Oxford University, where he studied as a British Marshall Scholar, and an SB in Chemical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Brad was also a management consultant in the healthcare practice of McKinsey & Company.

An impact evaluation of medical insurance for poor in Georgia: preliminary results and policy implications.

PubMed

Gotsadze, George; Zoidze, Akaki; Rukhadze, Natia; Shengelia, Natia; Chkhaidze, Nino

2015-03-01

The objective of this article is to assess the impact of the new health financing reform in Georgia-'medical insurance for the poor (MIP)'-which uses private insurance companies and delivers state-subsidized health benefits to the poorest groups of the Georgian population. To evaluate the reform we looked at access to health care services and financial protection against health care costs, which are two key dimensions proposed for the universal coverage plans. The data from two nationally representative Health Utilization and Expenditure Surveys (2007 and 2010) were used, and a difference-in-difference method of evaluation was applied. The MIP was not found to have a significant impact on service utilization growth nationwide, but in the capital city the MIP insured were 12% more likely to use formal health services and 7.6% more likely to use hospitals as compared with other areas of the country. The MIP impact on out-of-pocket health expenditures was greater in reducing costs of accessing services. The cost reductions were sizable and more pronounced among the poorest. Finally, the MIP significantly increased the odds of obtaining free benefits by insured individuals as compared with the control group. Such an increase was most noticeable for the poorest third of the population. Marginal changes in access to services and the geographically diverse impact of the MIP on service utilization points to other factors affecting health-seeking behaviour of the insured. These other factors include private insurer behaviour that may have used strategies for reducing claims and managing utilization. Equity impact of the MIP and improved financial protection, especially for the poor, are benefits to be retained by government policies when universal health coverage is rolled out nationwide and all citizens will be covered. The role of private insurance companies as financial intermediaries of the publicly funded programme needs further evaluation before moving forward. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2015; all rights reserved.

University/industry collaboration in remote sensing education

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ragan, R. M.; Royal, J. A.

1981-01-01

A graduate level course covering the development and structure of geographical information systems and the acquisition and processing of LANDSAT data for input to these systems is described. A portion of the course was devoted to hands-on classification of LANDSAT digital tapes utilizing both university and private industry processing systems. This industry/university collaboration was extremely successful and resulted in a high quality course. It gave the students an excellent experience in working in a real-world client/consultant relationship undertaken to accomplish a specific task. There were two key factors in the success of the collaboration. First, there was a very careful product definition and advance meetings between the University faculty and the company personnel to be involved. Second, the students were not taken into the industrial facility until late in the course, after they had a reasonable knowledge of the physical bases of remote sensing, the concept of spectral signatures, and the fundamentals of pattern analysis.

78 FR 8499 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Comment Request; Private School Universe Survey 2013-16

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-06

...; Comment Request; Private School Universe Survey 2013-16 AGENCY: Department of Education (ED), Institute of... notice will be considered public records. Title of Collection: Private School Universe Survey 2013-16... Private School Universe Survey (PSS) is the NCES collection of basic data from the universe of private...

A Comparable Market Study of RFID for Manual Item-Level Accountability Inventory and Tracking Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-03-01

documented RMMS case studies that implemented an RFID solution. This thesis discusses and analyzes companies in private sector industry that have reported...documented RMMS case studies that implemented an RFID solution. This thesis discusses and analyzes companies in private sector industry that have reported...device to and from work in order to continue work from home (Lee & Brulliard, 2006). • “…Ameriprise, of course, isn’t the only company that has seen its

78 FR 18560 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-27

... approved collection for forms C-700, Private Construction Projects; C-700 (R), Multi-family Residential... private companies or individuals, private multi-family residential buildings, and on building projects... sample basis from federal, state and local agency officials, owners of private nonresidential projects...

Effect of the economic crisis on the production of immunology patents managed through the Patent Cooperation Treaty agreement from 2004–2011

PubMed Central

Campos, Elena

2015-01-01

Objectives To determine the evolution of patents in immunology, as a result of research and innovation in the years 2004–2011. Design The search for patents published internationally in immunology was made by using the SCOPUSTM database. SCOPUS gives information about over 23 million patents. The extracted data from patents were: inventors and applicants; their nationalities; sections, classes and subclasses of the International Patent Classification. Participants 89 countries Setting Data have been obtained from the database SCOPUS. It has been used for the international patent classification. Main outcome measures Patents by country, Productive sectors, Productive areas Results A total of 17,281 patents were applied for immunology during 2004–2011 of which 16,811 were from 30 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, and 5326 from 28 countries in the European Union. These patents were granted in 89 countries and 13,699 of them were submitted by researchers from only one country. Private entities applied for 62.45% of all patents, universities 17.48%, hospitals 3.40% and public research organisations and private applicants applied for the rest. The university that made more applications was the University of California with 315 and the company was Genentech Inc. (US) with 302. The reduction in the number of applications of international patents in all disciplines of science also affected the area of immunology. Conclusions Collaboration in immunology between universities, companies and hospitals is hard because their interests are different. It is shown in patent applications that the majority of patents in immunology are applied for by only one entity. Patents in immunology are developed, mainly, in aspects such as medical preparations, peptides, mutation or genetic engineering, therapeutic activity of chemical compounds and analysing materials by determining their chemical or physical properties. PMID:28008369

Privatization of Peacekeeping: UN’s Institutional Capacity to Control Private Military and Security Companies

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-01

SECURITY COMPANIES Huseyin Yigit Captain, Turkish Army B.S., Kara Harp Okulu, 2003 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the...Collective Security Practice ............................................................. 34   C.   PEACEKEEPING...involvement in intrastate conflicts is inevitable and will be so. Furthermore, though UN attempts aim to restore peace, military force requirement is

Space Technology for Book Preservation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1983-01-01

The Library of Congress has patented a process to extend book life. It is called vapor phased deacidification, and involves the use of DEZ (diethyl zinc), a chemical vapor which neutralizes acid and deposits an alkaline reserve on book pages. As the process must be done in an airless environment, the library utilized Goddard Space Flight Center's vacuum chamber for deacidification. The chamber can treat 5,000 books at once, and a new facility is planned. The Library plans to license the technology to private companies; several universities are interested in the process.

47 CFR 32.6341 - Large private branch exchange expense.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Large private branch exchange expense. 32.6341... Large private branch exchange expense. This account shall include expenses associated with large private branch exchanges. Expenses associated with company internal use communication equipment shall be recorded...

47 CFR 36.212 - Basic local services revenue-Account 5000 (Class B telephone companies); Basic area revenue...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... (Class B telephone companies); Basic area revenue-Account 5001 (Class A telephone companies). 36.212..., REVENUES, EXPENSES, TAXES AND RESERVES FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES 1 Operating Revenues and Certain... companies); Basic area revenue—Account 5001 (Class A telephone companies). (a) Local private line revenues...

The JIM interview. Art Levinson, PhD.

PubMed

Levinson, A

1997-06-01

In the early 1980s several prominent scientists left the hallowed halls of respected universities seeking to exploit the revolution occurring in biology in an environment devoid of the bureaucratic and political confines of academia. The emergence of the biotechnology industry has been marked by both spectacular failures and success stories. Genentech was founded in 1976 by biochemist Herbert Boyer and venture capitalist Robert Swanson and went public in 1980. In 1995 Genentech merged with Roche Holdings Ltd., of Basel Switzerland. Distinguished from other biotech companies by the varied array of products it has brought to market, Genentech has also developed a unique corporate culture embodying many traditional academic values. Just as Genentech went public in 1980, Arthur D. Levinson, PhD, finished a post-doctoral appointment in Michael Bishop's lab at the University of California, San Francisco. Despite the disapproval of colleagues, he joined the fledgling company as a senior scientist. Working his way though the ranks, Levinson became Vice President of Research Technology in 1989 and was named President and CEO in 1995. Interviewed at the sprawling corporate headquarters in South San Francisco, Levinson reflected on the process of high risk science, the benefits of the private sector, and the changing relationship between biotech companies and the academic world.

[University clinics in the competitive hospital market].

PubMed

Schmidt, C E; Möller, J; Hesslau, U; Bauer, M; Gabbert, T; Kremer, B

2005-07-01

In recent years Germany has faced a growing economization and competition among hospitals. To protect their interests hospitals have to operate similarly to other commercial businesses. Academic hospitals face difficult circumstances in this competition. They have to facilitate research and education activities which require additional financial and personnel resources but also provide maximum acute care treatment at all times. This causes additional disadvantages in terms of financial resources, compared to private hospital chains. Such examples of financial shortcomings have led to the privatization of academic research centres in Germany. An alternative strategy to privatization of academic acute care hospitals is the change of their legal status into a capital company or into a foundation, according to US experiences. Public private partnerships (PPPs) may also represent a potential alternative, as they have already produced a growing number of successful examples in the public sector in Germany. Academic acute care hospitals can also choose a strategic reorganization of their targets, similar to their privately held competitors in the market. Potential economies in scale may be achieved in areas such as medical treatment, research and personnel planning.However, it is vital that academic acute care hospitals start to act productively and also individually. This article provides a number of managerial pathways and options to maintain and strengthen operational competitiveness.

Reforming private drug coverage in Canada: inefficient drug benefit design and the barriers to change in unionized settings.

PubMed

O'Brady, Sean; Gagnon, Marc-André; Cassels, Alan

2015-02-01

Prescription drugs are the highest single cost component for employees' benefits packages in Canada. While industry literature considers cost-containment for prescription drug costs to be a priority for insurers and employers, the implementation of cost-containment measures for private drug plans in Canada remains more of a myth than a reality. Through 18 semi-structured phone interviews conducted with experts from private sector companies, unions, insurers and plan advisors, this study explores the reasons behind this incapacity to implement cost-containment measures by examining how private sector employers negotiate drug benefit design in unionized settings. Respondents were asked questions on how employee benefits are negotiated; the relationships between the players who influence drug benefit design; the role of these players' strategies in influencing plan design; the broad system that underpins drug benefit design; and the potential for a universal pharmacare program in Canada. The study shows that there is consensus about the need to educate employees and employers, more collaboration and data-sharing between these two sets of players, and for external intervention from government to help transform established norms in terms of private drug plan design. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Performance of fully private and concessionary water and sewerage companies: a metafrontier approach.

PubMed

Molinos-Senante, María; Sala-Garrido, Ramon

2016-06-01

As many countries have privatized their water industries, there is increasing interest in comparing the efficiency of public and private water and sewerage companies (WaSCs). However, previous studies have not considered that privatization can be carried out following two main approaches: fully private WaSCs, which involve the sale of utilities to the private sector, and concessionary WaSCs, in which only the operation of the services is privatized. This paper investigates, for the first time, the impact of both privatization approaches on the efficiency of WaSCs. In doing so, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied. However, unlike traditional models, the metafrontier concept was used in this research as it cannot be assumed that fully private and concessionary WaSCs share the same production frontier. The empirical application focused on the Chilean water industry as it was privatized from 1998 to 2004 following the two approaches described. The results suggest that the performance of fully private WaSCs is better than that of concessionary WaSCs. The conclusions of this study will be of great interest to water authorities worldwide facing the challenge of water industry privatization.

Public versus Private University Presidents Pay Levels and Structure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monks, James

2007-01-01

Existing studies examine the determinants of private university presidents' compensation, but ignore recent earnings differentials between public and private university presidents. This paper estimates that public university presidents earn approximately 50 percent less than comparable private university presidents. This salary discount is robust…

Peruvian projects, privatization proceeding

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1992-10-19

This paper reports that Petroleos del Peru is forging ahead on several fronts despite Peru's political turmoil and uncertainty over where government ordered-privatization will take it. The state oil company: is expected to sign contract soon related to development of Chambira oil field in the northern jungle; let contract to a group of Peruvian and Brazilian companies for construction of an oil terminal at Talara on the Pacific coast; and received expressions of interest in participating in an operating contract on an offshore block operated by its Petromar SA offshore subsidiary under the government's privatization program.

Ownership, financing, and management strategies of the ten largest for-profit nursing home chains in the United States.

PubMed

Harrington, Charlene; Hauser, Clarilee; Olney, Brian; Rosenau, Pauline Vaillancourt

2011-01-01

This study examined the ownership, financing, and management strategies of the 10 largest for-profit nursing home chains in the United States, including the four largest chains purchased by private equity corporations. Descriptive data were collected from Internet searches, company reports, and other sources for the decade 1998-2008. Since 1998, the largest chains have made many changes in their ownership and structure, and some have converted from publicly traded companies to private ownership. This study shows the increasing complexity of corporate nursing home ownership and the lack of public information about ownership and financial status. The chains have used strategies to maximize shareholder and investor value that include increasing Medicare revenues, occupancy rates, and company diversification, establishing multiple layers of corporate ownership, developing real estate investment trusts, and creating limited liability companies. These strategies enhance shareholder and investor profits, reduce corporate taxes, and reduce liability risk. There is a need for greater transparency in ownership and financial reporting and for more government oversight of the largest for-profit chains, including those owned by private equity companies.

Franchise Fees and Public, Educational and Government (PEG) Access. Report to the Minnesota Legislature.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Minnesota State Dept. of Public Service, St. Paul. Energy Div.

Franchise fees are a tax imposed on a private entity to compensate a municipality for use of a public property for private gain. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 grants municipalities the right to assess a 5% franchise fee to both cable companies and competitors of cable companies, such as operators of open video systems. The Minnesota State…

78 FR 37660 - American Surface Lines, LLC-Acquisition and Operation Exemption-Mikrut Properties, LLLP

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-21

... connection with the main line of Soo Line Railroad Company, d/b/a Canadian Pacific Railroad Company (CP) at... been operated by MP as private tracks. ASL states that the MP tracks that connect to CP's line have been operated pursuant to a private siding agreement between CP and MP dated May 22, 2012. According to...

Education and the Private Finance Initiative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griggs, Clive

2010-01-01

This article reviews the development of Private Finance Initiative schemes in the United Kingdom, and reflects on how profitable opportunities for private financiers and construction companies were created at the expense of the public sector. (Contains 72 notes.)

The role of supply-chain initiatives in reducing deforestation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lambin, Eric F.; Gibbs, Holly K.; Heilmayr, Robert; Carlson, Kimberly M.; Fleck, Leonardo C.; Garrett, Rachael D.; le Polain de Waroux, Yann; McDermott, Constance L.; McLaughlin, David; Newton, Peter; Nolte, Christoph; Pacheco, Pablo; Rausch, Lisa L.; Streck, Charlotte; Thorlakson, Tannis; Walker, Nathalie F.

2018-01-01

A major reduction in global deforestation is needed to mitigate climate change and biodiversity loss. Recent private sector commitments aim to eliminate deforestation from a company's operations or supply chain, but they fall short on several fronts. Company pledges vary in the degree to which they include time-bound interventions with clear definitions and criteria to achieve verifiable outcomes. Zero-deforestation policies by companies may be insufficient to achieve broader impact on their own due to leakage, lack of transparency and traceability, selective adoption and smallholder marginalization. Public-private policy mixes are needed to increase the effectiveness of supply-chain initiatives that aim to reduce deforestation. We review current supply-chain initiatives, their effectiveness, and the challenges they face, and go on to identify knowledge gaps for complementary public-private policies.

Ovation Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

PubMed

Deutsch, Barry

2002-11-01

Ovation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a privately held specialty pharmaceutical company that focuses on products in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, oncology and other therapeutic areas where a small number of specialized physicians treat patients. Ovation serves unmet medical needs by acquiring underpromoted branded pharmaceutical products and promising late-stage development products no longer being actively promoted or developed by larger companies. Ovation supports acquired products through active sales and marketing activities and a clinical development program focused on new formulations, new indications and other product improvements. In April 2002, Ovation received a US$150 million commitment in private equity financing, believed to be the largest private equity investment received to date by an early-stage specialty pharmaceutical firm. Ovation used a portion of those funds to purchase its first two products from a major pharmaceutical company in August 2002.

Empirical investigation of the ethical reasoning of physicians and molecular biologists - the importance of the four principles of biomedical ethics.

PubMed

Ebbesen, Mette; Pedersen, Birthe D

2007-10-25

This study presents an empirical investigation of the ethical reasoning and ethical issues at stake in the daily work of physicians and molecular biologists in Denmark. The aim of this study was to test empirically whether there is a difference in ethical considerations and principles between Danish physicians and Danish molecular biologists, and whether the bioethical principles of the American bioethicists Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress are applicable to these groups. This study is based on 12 semi-structured interviews with three groups of respondents: a group of oncology physicians working in a clinic at a public hospital and two groups of molecular biologists conducting basic research, one group employed at a public university and the other in a private biopharmaceutical company. In this sample, the authors found that oncology physicians and molecular biologists employed in a private biopharmaceutical company have the specific principle of beneficence in mind in their daily work. Both groups are motivated to help sick patients. According to the study, molecular biologists explicitly consider nonmaleficence in relation to the environment, the researchers' own health, and animal models; and only implicitly in relation to patients or human subjects. In contrast, considerations of nonmaleficence by oncology physicians relate to patients or human subjects. Physicians and molecular biologists both consider the principle of respect for autonomy as a negative obligation in the sense that informed consent of patients should be respected. However, in contrast to molecular biologists, physicians experience the principle of respect for autonomy as a positive obligation as the physician, in dialogue with the patient, offers a medical prognosis based upon the patients wishes and ideas, mutual understanding, and respect. Finally, this study discloses utilitarian characteristics in the overall conception of justice as conceived by oncology physicians and molecular biologists from the private biopharmaceutical company. Molecular biologists employed at a public university are, in this study, concerned with allocation, however, they do not propose a specific theory of justice. This study demonstrates that each of the four bioethical principles of the American bioethicists Tom L. Beauchamp & James F. Childress - respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice - are reflected in the daily work of physicians and molecular biologists in Denmark. Consequently, these principles are applicable in the Danish biomedical setting.

Empirical investigation of the ethical reasoning of physicians and molecular biologists – the importance of the four principles of biomedical ethics

PubMed Central

Ebbesen, Mette; Pedersen, Birthe D

2007-01-01

Background This study presents an empirical investigation of the ethical reasoning and ethical issues at stake in the daily work of physicians and molecular biologists in Denmark. The aim of this study was to test empirically whether there is a difference in ethical considerations and principles between Danish physicians and Danish molecular biologists, and whether the bioethical principles of the American bioethicists Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress are applicable to these groups. Method This study is based on 12 semi-structured interviews with three groups of respondents: a group of oncology physicians working in a clinic at a public hospital and two groups of molecular biologists conducting basic research, one group employed at a public university and the other in a private biopharmaceutical company. Results In this sample, the authors found that oncology physicians and molecular biologists employed in a private biopharmaceutical company have the specific principle of beneficence in mind in their daily work. Both groups are motivated to help sick patients. According to the study, molecular biologists explicitly consider nonmaleficence in relation to the environment, the researchers' own health, and animal models; and only implicitly in relation to patients or human subjects. In contrast, considerations of nonmaleficence by oncology physicians relate to patients or human subjects. Physicians and molecular biologists both consider the principle of respect for autonomy as a negative obligation in the sense that informed consent of patients should be respected. However, in contrast to molecular biologists, physicians experience the principle of respect for autonomy as a positive obligation as the physician, in dialogue with the patient, offers a medical prognosis based upon the patients wishes and ideas, mutual understanding, and respect. Finally, this study discloses utilitarian characteristics in the overall conception of justice as conceived by oncology physicians and molecular biologists from the private biopharmaceutical company. Molecular biologists employed at a public university are, in this study, concerned with allocation, however, they do not propose a specific theory of justice. Conclusion This study demonstrates that each of the four bioethical principles of the American bioethicists Tom L. Beauchamp & James F. Childress – respect for autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice – are reflected in the daily work of physicians and molecular biologists in Denmark. Consequently, these principles are applicable in the Danish biomedical setting. PMID:17961251

Roundtable discussion: what is the future role of the private sector in health?

PubMed

Stallworthy, Guy; Boahene, Kwasi; Ohiri, Kelechi; Pamba, Allan; Knezovich, Jeffrey

2014-06-24

The role for the private sector in health remains subject to much debate, especially within the context of achieving universal health coverage.This roundtable discussion offers diverse perspectives from a range of stakeholders--a health funder, a representative from an implementing organization, a national-level policy-maker, and an expert working in a large multi-national company--on what the future may hold for the private sector in health. The first perspective comes from a health funder, who argues that the discussion about the future role of the private sector has been bogged down in language. He argues for a 'both/and' approach rather than an 'either/or' when it comes to talking about health service provision in low- and middle-income countries.The second perspective is offered by an implementer of health insurance in sub-Saharan Africa. The piece examines the comparative roles of public sector actors, private sector actors and funding agencies, suggesting that they must work together to mobilize domestic resources to fund and deliver health services in the longer term.Thirdly, a special advisor working in the federal government of Nigeria considers the situation in that country. He notes that the private sector plays a significant role in funding and delivering health services there, and that the government must engage the private sector or forever be left behind.Finally, a representative from a multi-national pharmaceutical corporation gives an overview of global shifts that are creating opportunities for the private sector in health markets. Overall, the roundtable discussants agree that the private sector will play an important role in future health systems. But we must agree a common language, work together, and identify key issues and gaps that might be more effectively filled by the private sector.

Public option and private profits: what do markets expect?

PubMed

Milani, Fabio

2010-01-01

The debate on US healthcare reform has largely focused on the introduction of a public health plan option. While supporters stress various beneficial effects that would arise from increased competition in the health insurance market, opponents often contend that a public plan would drive insurers out of the market and potentially lead to the 'collapse' of the private health insurance industry. To contribute to the US healthcare reform debate by inferring, from financial market data, the effect that the public option is likely to have on the private health insurance market. The study utilized daily data on the price of a security that was traded in a prediction market from June 2009 and whose pay-off was tied to the event that a federal government-run healthcare plan - the 'public option' - would be approved by 31 December 2009 (100 daily observations). These data were combined with data on stock returns of health insurance companies (1500 observations from 100 trading days and 15 companies) to evaluate the expected effect of the public option on private health insurers. The impact on hospital companies (1000 observations) was also estimated. The results suggested that daily stock returns of health insurance companies significantly responded to the changing probability regarding the public option. A 10% increase in the probability that the public option would pass, on average, reduced the stock returns of health insurance companies by 1.28% (p < 0.001). Hospital company stock returns were also affected (0.9% reduction; p < 0.001). The results reveal the market expectation of a negative effect of the public option on the value of health insurance companies. The magnitude of the effect suggests a downward adjustment in the expected profits of health insurers of around 13%, but it does not support more calamitous scenarios.

Planetary Defense

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-05-01

is very likely that they may develop a solution for planetary defense. 8 United States is leading in space private investments. SpaceX , for...technology, with the ultimate goal of enabling people to live on other planets.5 SpaceX is the only private company ever to return a spacecraft from low...a technically challenging feat previously accomplished only by governments.6 Contracted by NASA and commercial companies, SpaceX already did 50

Communicating the benefits of micronutrient fortification.

PubMed

Griffiths, Marcia

2003-12-01

Food fortification offers an affordable, convenient, and effective mechanism to improve the nutrition status of large segments of a population. However, the success of fortification has been less than public-health professionals and private-sector companies alike have hoped for, though often for different reasons. As new opportunities are available, success will be dictated by the ability of public health professionals to learn from private food companies' marketing efforts and, in turn, for the food companies to learn from the public health sector about how to reach groups who need fortified products the most. Simply having fortified products on the market does not promise that consumers will use the products or that businesses will continue to promote them. Carefully crafted and strategically implemented behavior-change communication can inform and motivate consumers to purchase and use the products appropriately, and, in turn, can motivate food companies, program managers, and policy makers to participate in the marketing of these products. Public health and development professionals can learn from the success of private-sector companies in creating demand for products. Good consumer research and testing can guide effective development and marketing of fortified products, as they do for all products and services. Private-sector companies that know how to market products need assistance to focus on the poorest segments of a population to pursue cost-effective strategies to get the product to those in need, in addition to those with purchasing power for the new product. Audience-specific marketing strategies can ensure that the same fortified product reaches every person who would benefit from it.

Private investment purchase and nursing home financial health.

PubMed

Orfaly Cadigan, Rebecca; Stevenson, David G; Caudry, Daryl J; Grabowski, David C

2015-02-01

To explore the impact of nursing home acquisition by private investment firms on nursing home costs, revenue, and overall financial health. Merged data from the Medicare Cost Reports and the Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting system for the period 1998-2010. Regression specification incorporating facility and time fixed effects. We found little impact on the financial health of nursing homes following purchase by private investment companies. However, our findings did suggest that private investment firms acquired nursing home chains in good financial health, possibly to derive profit from the company's real estate holdings. Private investment acquired facilities are an important feature of today's nursing home sector. Although we did not observe a negative impact on the financial health of nursing homes, this development raises important issues about ownership oversight and transparency for the entire nursing home sector. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

47 CFR 0.409 - Commission policy on private printing of FCC forms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Commission policy on private printing of FCC... ORGANIZATION General Information General § 0.409 Commission policy on private printing of FCC forms. The Commission has established a policy regarding the printing of blank FCC forms by private companies if they...

Anonymous HIV workplace surveys as an advocacy tool for affordable private health insurance in Namibia

PubMed Central

2009-01-01

Background With an estimated adult HIV prevalence of 15%, Namibia is in need of innovative health financing strategies that can alleviate the burden on the public sector. Affordable and private health insurances were recently developed in Namibia, and they include coverage for HIV/AIDS. This article reports on the efficacy of HIV workplace surveys as a tool to increase uptake of these insurances by employees in the Namibian formal business sector. In addition, the burden of HIV among this population was examined by sector. Methods Cross-sectional anonymous HIV prevalence surveys were conducted in 24 private companies in Namibia between November 2006 and December 2007. Non-invasive oral fluid-based HIV antibody rapid tests were used. Anonymous test results were provided to the companies in a confidential report and through presentations to their management, during which the advantages of affordable private health insurance and the available insurance products were discussed. Impact assessment was conducted in October 2008, when new health insurance uptake by these companies was evaluated. Results Of 8500 targeted employees, 6521 were screened for HIV; mean participation rate was 78.6%. Overall 15.0% (95% CI 14.2-15.9%) of employees tested HIV positive (range 3.0-23.9% across companies). The mining sector had the highest percentage of HIV-positive employees (21.0%); the information technology (IT) sector had the lowest percentage (4.0%). Out of 6205 previously uninsured employees, 61% had enrolled in private health insurance by October 2008. The majority of these new insurances (78%) covered HIV/AIDS only. Conclusion The proportion of HIV-positive formal sector employees in Namibia is in line with national prevalence estimates and varies widely by employment sector. Following the surveys, there was a considerable increase in private health insurance uptake. This suggests that anonymous HIV workplace surveys can serve as a tool to motivate private companies to provide health insurance to their workforce. Health insurance taken up by those who are able to pay the fees will alleviate the burden on the public sector.

Importance of Public-Private Partnerships: Strengthening Laboratory Medicine Systems and Clinical Practice in Africa.

PubMed

Shrivastava, Ritu; Gadde, Renuka; Nkengasong, John N

2016-04-15

After the launch of the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief in 2003, it became evident that inadequate laboratory systems and services would severely limit the scale-up of human immunodeficiency virus infection prevention, care, and treatment programs. Thus, the Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Becton, Dickinson and Company developed a public-private partnership (PPP). Between October 2007 and July 2012, the PPP combined the competencies of the public and private sectors to boost sustainable laboratory systems and develop workforce skills in 4 African countries. Key accomplishments of the initiative include measurable and scalable outcomes to strengthen national capacities to build technical skills, develop sample referral networks, map disease prevalence, support evidence-based health programming, and drive continuous quality improvement in laboratories. This report details lessons learned from our experience and a series of recommendations on how to achieve successful PPPs. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.

Company Partners in Photovoltaic Manufacturing R&D | Photovoltaic Research

Science.gov Websites

| NREL Company Partners in Photovoltaic Manufacturing R&D Company Partners in Photovoltaic Manufacturing R&D More than 40 private-sector companies partnered with NREL on successful Global Photovoltaic Specialists Global Solar Energy Golden Photon Iowa Thin Film Technologies ITN Energy

76 FR 51350 - Aerospace Executive Service Trade Mission (AESTM) to Seoul, Korea

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-18

... Korean governments and private aerospace and defense companies, the AESTM service at this major aerospace..., government officials, senior company managers, and high-level executives involved in the aerospace and... display company literature and conduct meetings with visitors to the air show. Company information and...

47 CFR 32.5040 - Private line revenue.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Private line revenue. 32.5040 Section 32.5040 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions For Revenue Accounts § 32.5040 Private line revenue...

47 CFR 32.5040 - Private line revenue.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Private line revenue. 32.5040 Section 32.5040 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions For Revenue Accounts § 32.5040 Private line revenue...

Outsourcing, Managing, Supervising, and Regulating Private Military Companies in Contingency Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

the Rise of Privatized Military Industry, 88–100. 18 Steven Brayton , "Outsourcing War: Mercenaries and the Privatization of Peacekeeping,” Journal of...220. 50 Isenberg, Shadow Force: Private Security Contractors in Iraq, 1. 51 Brayton , "Outsourcing War: Mercenaries and the Privatization of...Review of Books, April 3, 2008, 29. 71 Singer, Corporate Warriors, The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry, 113. 72 Brayton , "Outsourcing War

PEPFAR/DOD/Pharmaccess/Tanzania Peoples Defence Forces HIV/AIDS Program

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-10-01

institutions share many features of a private company, including a hierarchy of functions, investment in training and responsibility for the health status...institutions share many features of a private company, including a hierarchy of functions, investment in training and responsibility for the health...Decks of cards will be distributed to all TPDF Units, Intelligence, Navy and Air Force bases and schools. 2000 Decks will be shared (under the Global

Public by Day, Private by Night: Examining the Private Lives of Kenya's Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wangenge-Ouma, Gerald

2012-01-01

This article examines the emergence of the public university in Kenya as a key provider of private higher education, characterised mainly by the phenomenon of the "private public university student." It probes the broader socio-economic reforms circumscribing the privatisation of Kenya's public universities and the local and global…

47 CFR 32.2341 - Large private branch exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet Accounts § 32... cost of installation, of multiple manual private branch exchanges and of dial system private branch...) Embedded CPE is that equipment or inventory which is tariffed or otherwise subject to the jurisdictional...

47 CFR 32.2341 - Large private branch exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet Accounts § 32... cost of installation, of multiple manual private branch exchanges and of dial system private branch...) Embedded CPE is that equipment or inventory which is tariffed or otherwise subject to the jurisdictional...

47 CFR 32.2341 - Large private branch exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet Accounts § 32... cost of installation, of multiple manual private branch exchanges and of dial system private branch...) Embedded CPE is that equipment or inventory which is tariffed or otherwise subject to the jurisdictional...

47 CFR 32.2341 - Large private branch exchanges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... UNIFORM SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES Instructions for Balance Sheet Accounts § 32... cost of installation, of multiple manual private branch exchanges and of dial system private branch...) Embedded CPE is that equipment or inventory which is tariffed or otherwise subject to the jurisdictional...

Analysis of Quality in Public and Private Universities in Bangladesh and USA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mazumder, Quamrul H.

2014-01-01

To meet the growing need for increased capacity in higher education, the government of Bangladesh encouraged development of private universities in 1992. Currently, there are sixty private universities, thirty-four public universities and three international universities in Bangladesh. Although the increased number of universities has provided…

Learn about SmartWay

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The SmartWay® Program is public-private initiative between EPA, large and small trucking companies, rail carriers, logistics companies, commercial manufacturers, retailers, and other federal and state agencies.

Perspectives on the Current Status of and Emerging Policy Issues for Private Research Universities. AGB Occasional Paper No. 9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geiger, Roger L.

1991-01-01

Current trends affecting private research universities include: privatization, more programmatic support of research, dispersion of university research, and a shift in the balance of activities from the center toward the periphery. Differences in finance and control of private universities are related to their disproportionate importance, given…

Does Government Subsidy Guide Private Universities towards Favorable Directions?: A Preliminary Analysis on Financial Data of Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Jianmin

2010-01-01

With the decreasing college-aged population and the transforming policy environment in Japan, private universities are confronted with management crises, such as bankruptcy, mergers, etc. As the second largest source of funding, government subsidies for private universities is considered to have contributed to enhancing educational conditions and…

Insurability and mitigation of flood losses in private households in Germany.

PubMed

Thieken, Annegret H; Petrow, Theresia; Kreibich, Heidi; Merz, Bruno

2006-04-01

In Germany, flood insurance is provided by private insurers as a supplement to building or contents insurance. This article presents the results of a survey of insurance companies with regard to eligibility conditions for flood insurance changes after August 2002, when a severe flood caused 1.8 billion euro of insured losses in the Elbe and the Danube catchment areas, and the general role of insurance in flood risk management in Germany. Besides insurance coverage, governmental funding and public donations played an important role in loss compensation after the August 2002 flood. Therefore, this article also analyzes flood loss compensation, risk awareness, and mitigation in insured and uninsured private households. Insured households received loss compensation earlier. They also showed slightly better risk awareness and mitigation strategies. Appropriate incentives should be combined with flood insurance in order to strengthen future private flood loss mitigation. However, there is some evidence that the surveyed insurance companies do little to encourage precautionary measures. To overcome this problem, flood hazards and mitigation strategies should be better communicated to both insurance companies and property owners.

Science-based health innovation in Tanzania: bednets and a base for invention.

PubMed

Shah, Ronak; Singer, Peter A; Daar, Abdallah S

2010-12-13

Tanzania is East Africa's largest country. Although it is socially diverse, it has experienced general political stability since independence in 1964. Despite gradual economic development and Tanzania's status as one of the biggest recipients of aid in Africa, health status remains poor. This paper explores Tanzania's science-based health innovation system, and highlights areas which can be strengthened. Qualitative case study research methodology was used. Data were collected through reviews of academic literature and policy documents, and through open-ended, face-to-face interviews with 52 people from across the science-based health innovation system over two visits to Tanzania from July to October 2007. Tanzania has a rich but complex S&T governance landscape, with the public sector driving the innovation agenda through a series of different bodies which are not well-coordinated. It has some of the leading health research on the continent at the University of Dar es Salaam, Muhimbili University of Health and Applied Sciences, the National Institute for Medical Research and the Ifakara Medical Institute, with strong donor support. Tanzania has found developing an entrepreneurial culture difficult; nevertheless projects such as the clusters initiative at the University of Dar es Salaam are encouraging low-tech innovation and overcoming knowledge-sharing barriers. In the private sector, one generics company has developed a South-South collaboration to enable technology transfer and hence the local production of anti-retrovirals. Local textile company A to Z Textiles is now manufacturing 30 million insecticide impregnated bednets a year. To have a coherent vision for innovation, Tanzania may wish to address some key issues: coordination across stakeholders involved with health research, increasing graduates in health-related disciplines, and building capabilities in biological testing, preclinical testing, formulation and standardization, and related areas important to moving from basic research to applications. The private sector can be encouraged to innovate through improved access to financing, and incentives for R&D. The diaspora community represents an untapped source for partnerships and access to other developing world markets and technology. The government may wish to set up mechanisms to encourage south-south collaborations, and to bring the public and private sector together around specific projects to help realize the country's innovation potential.

Science-based health innovation in Tanzania: bednets and a base for invention

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Background Tanzania is East Africa’s largest country. Although it is socially diverse, it has experienced general political stability since independence in 1964. Despite gradual economic development and Tanzania’s status as one of the biggest recipients of aid in Africa, health status remains poor. This paper explores Tanzania’s science-based health innovation system, and highlights areas which can be strengthened. Methods Qualitative case study research methodology was used. Data were collected through reviews of academic literature and policy documents, and through open-ended, face-to-face interviews with 52 people from across the science-based health innovation system over two visits to Tanzania from July to October 2007. Results and discussion Tanzania has a rich but complex S&T governance landscape, with the public sector driving the innovation agenda through a series of different bodies which are not well-coordinated. It has some of the leading health research on the continent at the University of Dar es Salaam, Muhimbili University of Health and Applied Sciences, the National Institute for Medical Research and the Ifakara Medical Institute, with strong donor support. Tanzania has found developing an entrepreneurial culture difficult; nevertheless projects such as the clusters initiative at the University of Dar es Salaam are encouraging low-tech innovation and overcoming knowledge-sharing barriers. In the private sector, one generics company has developed a South-South collaboration to enable technology transfer and hence the local production of anti-retrovirals. Local textile company A to Z Textiles is now manufacturing 30 million insecticide impregnated bednets a year. Conclusions To have a coherent vision for innovation, Tanzania may wish to address some key issues: coordination across stakeholders involved with health research, increasing graduates in health-related disciplines, and building capabilities in biological testing, preclinical testing, formulation and standardization, and related areas important to moving from basic research to applications. The private sector can be encouraged to innovate through improved access to financing, and incentives for R&D. The diaspora community represents an untapped source for partnerships and access to other developing world markets and technology. The government may wish to set up mechanisms to encourage south-south collaborations, and to bring the public and private sector together around specific projects to help realize the country’s innovation potential. PMID:21144075

Maximizing the Returns of Government Venture Capital Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

gVC–backed companies tend to lag the private market in initial public offering ( iPo ) rate, iPo value, and innovation rates.5 however, these programs...is arguably the biggest success in the information technology (IT) industry in the last decade. The phrase google it has worked its way into everyday...language and dictionaries. On the other hand, Segway remains a privately held company whose products are largely relegated to use by tourists in

Performance Contracting: A Forgotten Experiment in School Privatization.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ascher, Carol

1996-01-01

During the early 1970s, over 150 school districts and several states contracted with private companies to deliver instruction, and the Nixon Administration initiated a vast privatization field experiment in Texarkana. None of these performance contracting experiments significantly improved instruction. Instead, they raised issues of staffing,…

A Textual Research on the First Private University in Modern China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tian, Zhengping; Chen, Taolan

2008-01-01

Recently there have been many viewpoints as to which private university was founded firstly in modern China. The schools, such as Fudan University (or the former Aurora Academy), Nankai University, China College, Wuchang Zhonghua University, Nanyang College and Zhengmeng Academy are all considered to be the first private university. From two…

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Small Business Program

PubMed Central

Marek, Kurt W.

2016-01-01

SUMMARY Small companies working to develop products in the cardiovascular space face numerous challenges, from regulatory, intellectual property, and reimbursement barriers to securing funds to keep the lights on and reach the next development milestone. Most small companies that spin out from universities have the scientific knowledge, but product development expertise and business acumen are also needed to be successful. Other challenges include reduced interest in early stage technologies (Pharma & Biotech 2015 in Review, EP Vantage) and limited deal flow for cardiovascular products (Gormley B., Wall Street Journal, September 15, 2014). The NHLBI small business program is a comprehensive ecosystem designed to address these critical challenges and to provide resources and expertise to assist early stage companies developing cardiovascular and other products within the institute’s mission. This article describes steps that NHLBI has taken to enhance our small business program to more effectively translate basic discoveries into commercial products to benefit patients and public health, including enhancing internal expertise and developing non-financial resources to assist small businesses as they develop their products and seek private sector investment and partnership. PMID:28580435

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Small Business Program: A Comprehensive Ecosystem for Biomedical Product Development.

PubMed

Marek, Kurt W

2016-12-01

Small companies working to develop products in the cardiovascular space face numerous challenges, from regulatory, intellectual property, and reimbursement barriers to securing funds to keep the lights on and reach the next development milestone. Most small companies that spin out from universities have the scientific knowledge, but product development expertise and business acumen are also needed to be successful. Other challenges include reduced interest in early stage technologies (Pharma & Biotech 2015 in Review, EP Vantage) and limited deal flow for cardiovascular products (Gormley B., Wall Street Journal, September 15, 2014). The NHLBI small business program is a comprehensive ecosystem designed to address these critical challenges and to provide resources and expertise to assist early stage companies developing cardiovascular and other products within the institute's mission. This article describes steps that NHLBI has taken to enhance our small business program to more effectively translate basic discoveries into commercial products to benefit patients and public health, including enhancing internal expertise and developing non-financial resources to assist small businesses as they develop their products and seek private sector investment and partnership.

[A paradigm change in German academic medicine. Merger and privatization as exemplified with the university hospitals in Marburg and Giessen].

PubMed

Maisch, Bernhard

2005-03-01

1. The intended fusion of the university hospitals Marburg and Giessen in the state of Hessia is "a marriage under pressure with uncalculated risk" (Spiegel 2005). In the present political and financial situation it hardly appears to be avoidable. From the point of the view of the faculty of medicine in Marburg it is difficult to understand, that the profits of this well guided university hospital with a positive yearly budget should go to the neighboring university hospital which still had a fair amount of deficit spending in the last years.2. Both medical faculties suffer from a very low budget from the state of Hessia for research and teaching. Giessen much more than Marburg, have a substantial need for investments in buildings and infrastructure. Both institutions have a similar need for investments in costly medical apparatuses. This is a problem, which many university hospitals face nowadays.3. The intended privatisation of one or both university hospitals will need sound answers to several fundamental questions and problems:a) A privatisation potentially endangers the freedom of research and teaching garanteed by the German constitution. A private company will undoubtedly influence by active or missing additional support the direction of research in the respective academic institution. An example is the priorisation of clinical in contrast to basic research.b) With the privatisation practical absurdities in the separation of research and teaching on one side and hospital care on the other will become obvious with respect to the status of the academic employees, the obligatory taxation (16%) when a transfer of labor from one institution to the other is taken into account. The use of rooms for seminars, lectures and bedside with a double function for both teaching, research and hospital care has to be clarified with a convincing solution in everyday practice.c) The potential additional acquisition of patients, which has been advocated by the Hessian state government, may be unrealistic, when the 4th biggest university hospital in Germany will be created by the merger. University hospitals recrute the patients for high end medicine beyond their region because of the specialized academic competence and advanced technical possibilities. Additional recruitment of patients for routine hospital can hardly be expected.d) A private management will have to consider primarily the "shareholder value", even when investing in infrastructure and buildings, as it can be expected for one partner. On the longterm this will not be possible without a substantial reduction of employees in both institutions. There are, however, also substantial efforts of some private hospital chains in clinical research, e. g. by Helios in Berlin and Rhön Gmbh at the Leipzig Heart Center.e) There is a yet underestimated but very substantial risk because of the taxation for the private owner when academic staff is transferred from the university to hospital care in their dual function as academic teachers and doctors. This risk also applies for the university if the transfer should come from hospital to the university. These costs would add to the financial burden, which has to be carried in addition to the DRGs.

17 CFR 275.205-3 - Exemption from the compensation prohibition of section 205(a)(1) for investment advisers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to private funds with non-qualified investors. If you are an investment adviser to a private... private funds with non-qualified clients. If you are an investment adviser to a private investment company... functions with regard to the investment adviser) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or...

National Faculty Salary Survey by Discipline and Rank in Private Colleges and Universities, 1985-86.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Appalachian State Univ., Boone, NC.

Salary data for full-time faculty in 46 selected disciplines at 440 private colleges and universities are presented based on the 1985-86 National Faculty Salary Survey by Discipline and Rank in Private Colleges and Universities. Information was collected on salaries for 38,890 faculty members employed at 440 private colleges and universities.…

The Role of Private Universities in the Provision of Higher Education in Uganda: Growth and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mugabi, H.

2012-01-01

Although the first private university in Uganda was founded in 1988 and the private university sector has since grown rapidly to become one of the most prominent features of higher education (HE) in Uganda, the contribution of private universities (PUs) to the provision of HE has remained largely unexplored and as such, less understood. The…

New insights into flood warning reception and emergency response by affected parties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreibich, Heidi; Müller, Meike; Schröter, Kai; Thieken, Annegret H.

2017-11-01

Flood damage can be mitigated if the parties at risk are reached by flood warnings and if they know how to react appropriately. To gain more knowledge about warning reception and emergency response of private households and companies, surveys were undertaken after the August 2002 and the June 2013 floods in Germany. Despite pronounced regional differences, the results show a clear overall picture: in 2002, early warnings did not work well; e.g. many households (27 %) and companies (45 %) stated that they had not received any flood warnings. Additionally, the preparedness of private households and companies was low in 2002, mainly due to a lack of flood experience. After the 2002 flood, many initiatives were launched and investments undertaken to improve flood risk management, including early warnings and an emergency response in Germany. In 2013, only a small share of the affected households (5 %) and companies (3 %) were not reached by any warnings. Additionally, private households and companies were better prepared. For instance, the share of companies which have an emergency plan in place has increased from 10 % in 2002 to 34 % in 2013. However, there is still room for improvement, which needs to be triggered mainly by effective risk and emergency communication. The challenge is to continuously maintain and advance an integrated early warning and emergency response system even without the occurrence of extreme floods.

Health care innovation: progress report and focus on biotechnology.

PubMed

Read, J L; Lee, K B

1994-01-01

Funding for biomedical research has shifted from government to the private sector. One reason is rapid expansion in the number and strength of U.S. biotechnology companies, which collectively spend more than $6 billion a year on biomedical research. Most of these companies are not yet profitable and therefore depend on flows of capital from private investors, Wall Street, and large pharmaceutical company collaborations. Investment in the new drugs, devices, and vaccines in this pipeline is sensitive to signals emanating from the debate on health care reform, suggesting that new federal policy will have a major impact on steering the type of innovation to emerge in the future.

Public Schools, Private Markets: A Reporter's Guide to Privatization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elliott, Scott

2005-01-01

More and more, private for-profit and non-profit organizations are involved in schools. No longer limited to support services like transportation and food services, companies are providing tutoring, directing classroom instruction and managing public and charter schools. School reform has raised the stakes for schools and students, asking for…

17 CFR 240.10A-3 - Listing standards relating to audit committees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... dates: (A) July 31, 2005 for foreign private issuers and smaller reporting companies (as defined in... companies. (ii) Independence requirements for non-investment company issuers. In order to be considered to... issuer that is not an investment company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the...

12 CFR 225.173 - How are investments in private equity funds treated under this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., partnership, limited liability company or other type of company that issues ownership interests in any form...) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM BANK HOLDING COMPANIES AND CHANGE IN BANK CONTROL... equity fund” is any company that: (1) Is formed for the purpose of and is engaged exclusively in the...

Assessment of Drinking Water Sold from Private Sector Kiosks in Post-Earthquake Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

PubMed

Patrick, Molly; Steenland, Maria; Dismer, Amber; Pierre-Louis, Jocelyne; Murphy, Jennifer L; Kahler, Amy; Mull, Bonnie; Etheart, Melissa D; Rossignol, Emmanuel; Boncy, Jacques; Hill, Vincent; Handzel, Thomas

2017-10-01

Consumption of drinking water from private vendors has increased considerably in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, in recent decades. A major type of vendor is private kiosks, advertising reverse osmosis-treated water for sale by volume. To describe the scale and geographical distribution of private kiosks in metropolitan Port-au-Prince, an inventory of private kiosks was conducted from July to August 2013. Coordinates of kiosks were recorded with global positioning system units and a brief questionnaire was administered with the operator to document key kiosk characteristics. To assess the quality of water originating from private kiosks, water quality analyses were also conducted on a sample of those inventoried as well as from the major provider company sites. The parameters tested were Escherichia coli , free chlorine residual, pH, turbidity, and total dissolved solids. More than 1,300 kiosks were inventoried, the majority of which were franchises of four large provider companies. Approximately half of kiosks reported opening within 12 months of the date of the inventory. The kiosk treatment chain and sales price was consistent among a majority of the kiosks. Of the 757 kiosks sampled for water quality, 90.9% of samples met World Health Organization (WHO) microbiological guideline at the point of sale for nondetectable E. coli in a 100-mL sample. Of the eight provider company sites tested, all samples met the WHO microbiological guideline. Because of the increasing role of the private sector in drinking water provision in Port-au-Prince and elsewhere in Haiti, this assessment was an important first step for government regulation of this sector.

Success and Failure in University-Based Startups

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dehn, J.; Webley, P.; Cunningham, K. W.

2014-12-01

Adapting from a traditional government-funded research program to supporting the work through a start-up company is a difficult (and often not successful) transition. This is made more challenging in that with the relative decline in federal funding for the sciences the transition is forced on many researchers as a matter of survival. The business model of traditional research is not that different from that of the private sector; the development of an idea, models or mock-ups of the product, pitching to sources of funding, creating and marketing the product. However they differ significantly in the environment in which they are applied, as well as in the life span of a project or product. The environments for pitching an idea and gaining investment are very different in academia from that of the private sector, and most academics are stymied by the new approach. In addition, many universities labor under the illusion that start-ups will be a windfall, when in reality they represent a long term investment that will not pay out for many years. This extended timeline is also something new to academics, though persistence pays and a project may take years to fund, after it is complete and the publications written, many in the geosciences go on to new ideas. If a business is to be successful it must continue with a product long term, and develop new ideas around it. A hopefully successful balance of these approaches is being tried at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, where start-ups can build upon university intellectual property and use university resources to build a successful business. In turn the business supports research and development, primarily through faculty, staff and students at the university.

Optimizing Outcome in the University-Industry Technology Transfer Projects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alavi, Hamed; Hąbek, Patrycja

2016-06-01

Transferring inventions of academic scientists to private enterprises for the purpose of commercialization is long known as University-Industry (firm) Technology Transfer While the importance of this phenomenon is simultaneously raising in public and private sector, only a part of patented academic inventions succeed in passing the process of commercialization. Despite the fact that formal Technology Transfer process and licencing of patented innovations to third party is the main legal tool for safeguarding rights of academic inventors in commercialization of their inventions, it is not sufficient for transmitting tacit knowledge which is necessary in exploitation of transferred technology. Existence of reciprocal and complementary relations between formal and informal technology transfer process has resulted in formation of different models for university-industry organizational collaboration or even integration where licensee firms keep contact with academic inventors after gaining legal right for commercialization of their patented invention. Current paper argues that despite necessity for patents to legally pass the right of commercialization of an invention, they are not sufficient for complete knowledge transmission in the process of technology transfer. Lack of efficiency of formal mechanism to end the Technology Transfer loop makes an opportunity to create innovative interpersonal and organizational connections among patentee and licensee company. With emphasize on need for further elaboration of informal mechanisms as critical and underappreciated aspect of technology transfer process, article will try to answer the questions of how to optimize knowledge transmission process in the framework of University-Industry Technology Transfer Projects? What is the theoretical basis for university-industry technology transfer process? What are organization collaborative models which can enhance overall performance by improving transmission of knowledge in University- Firm Technology Transfer process?

Ernest Solvay*s scientific networks. From personal research to academic patronage

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Coupain, Nicolas

2015-09-01

Ernest Solvay was a multifaceted man. A successful captain of industry, he got known in the second part of his life as a magnanimous sponsor of academic science. His most notable achievements in this field are the creation of a series of university institutes in Brussels as well as the co-organization of the conferences of physics and chemistry that bear his name and are still held today. A famous picture of 1911 depicts this man deprived of any university degree, surrounded by the brightest scientists of the time. The often conveyed image of a self-made man leads to an underestimation of his networking and delegation capabilities. Recent investigations in his private archives as well as in "his" company archives shed new light on his organizational skills in the scientific arena. This paper focuses especially on this facet, and intends to analyze how Solvay behaved as an organizer of science. Three partially overlapping levels are discussed in sequence: the Solvay Company level, his personal level, and the academic level. The paper identifies the key actors in these areas, and evaluates the intensity of control and delegation exerted by Ernest Solvay in each of these spheres.

32 CFR 275.3 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. (2) A commercial bank or trust company. (3) A private banker. (4... dealer in securities or commodities. (9) An investment banker or investment company. (10) A currency... instruments. (12) An operator of a credit card system. (13) An insurance company. (14) A dealer in precious...

78 FR 52780 - National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); Assistance to Private Sector Property Insurers...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-26

... control and disbursement of funds in connection with policy administration. This includes ensuring that... and submission instructions, to all private insurance companies participating under the current FY...

Differences between Public and Private Universities' Fields of Study in Argentina

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rabossi, Marcelo Alberto

2011-01-01

The literature on private higher education has identified striking differences between the public and private sectors in terms of fields of study. For example, unlike their public counterparts, private universities have traditionally specialised in the social sciences and humanities. This paper explores the university market in Argentina to see if…

Hospice Care

MedlinePlus

... Hospice is covered by Medicare, Medicaid and most insurance companies, and will cover medications related to the primary ... hospice care; however, payment levels vary for private insurance companies. References: National Hospice and Palliative Organization Learn more: ...

[Does the public sector have an independent research role in the development of drugs?].

PubMed

Poulsen, Henrik Enghusen; Grønlykke, Thor Buch

2003-04-14

Exclusively private companies do drug development. The State contributes with education of academics and basic research constituting the basis of half of the drugs developed by the private companies. The Danish private drug research amounts to six billion DKK per year, corresponding to the estimated price of the development of one new drug. The development shows a negative tendency. There are doubts about the scientific credibility, the number of new drugs is declining, drug development costs are rising, and the competitiveness in Europe is declining compared with the one of The United States. Continued improvement of Danish drug development can be achieved by stimulation of the public research related to drug development.

28 CFR 97.22 - No pre-emption of federal, State, or local laws or regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... regulations governing interstate commerce will continue to apply to private prisoner transport companies...) STANDARDS FOR PRIVATE ENTITIES PROVIDING PRISONER OR DETAINEE SERVICES § 97.22 No pre-emption of federal... any applicable federal, State, or local law that may impose additional obligations on private prisoner...

17 CFR 240.15d-19 - Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reports by shell companies on... Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Other Reports § 240.15d-19 Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F. Every foreign private issuer that was a shell company, other than a business combination...

17 CFR 240.13a-19 - Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reports by shell companies on... Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Other Reports § 240.13a-19 Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F. Every foreign private issuer that was a shell company, other than a business combination...

17 CFR 240.15d-19 - Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reports by shell companies on... Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Other Reports § 240.15d-19 Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F. Every foreign private issuer that was a shell company, other than a business combination...

17 CFR 240.13a-19 - Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reports by shell companies on... Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Other Reports § 240.13a-19 Reports by shell companies on Form 20-F. Every foreign private issuer that was a shell company, other than a business combination...

75 FR 17796 - American Vantage Companies; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-07

... 49% interest in the Border Grill Restaurant (``Border Grill''). The Company privately placed most of... represented or stated that it is involved in any business other than gaming, media, restaurants and..., restaurant, gaming and entertainment fields and that it has never been an investment company as defined by...

10 CFR Appendix B to Subpart T of... - Certification Report for Certain Commercial Equipment

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... information reported in this Certification Report(s) is true, accurate, and complete. The company is aware of... Federal Government. Name of Company Official or Third-Party Representative: Signature of Company Official or Third-Party Representative: Title: Date: Equipment Type: Manufacturer: Private Labeler (if...

Final Environmental Assessment Nellis Air Force Base School Initiative, Nellis Air Force Base, Clark County, Nevada

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-04-01

Analysis [BEA] 2012). The relatively high unemployment rate, as well as the predominance of the Accommodation and Food Services industry, a sector that...I for future mission-specific development. The intent is to lease base property to a private sector charter school company to design and construct...allow Nellis AFB to lease bas~ property to a private sector charter school company to develop, construct, and op~rate a new charter school centrally

Alternatives: the right medicine for your portfolio?

PubMed

Doody, Dennis

2006-01-01

Because they often play an active role in developing their portfolio companies' strategies, private capital investment managers can add significant value to companies in their portfolio. The relative inefficiency of private capital markets can give savvy investors an edge that they can not so easily gain in the more efficient public markets. Originally created as a means to reduce volatility, hedge funds should not be seen as the high-risk bets that they are widely perceived to be. Most hedge funds actually are concerned with protecting downside risk.

Business involvement in science education

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Winter, P.

1995-12-31

Science and math education in grades K through 12 directly affects America`s ability to meet tomorrow`s challenges. If America is to stay competitive in the world, we will need highly qualified scientists and engineers in industry and government and at universities. Jobs of the future will require greater technical and mathematical literacy than jobs of the past. Our goal is both to improve the quality of science education and to encourage more students to pursue science careers. General Atomics, a privately held research and development company, has joined the growing list of businesses that are committed to helping educators preparemore » students to meet these challenges.« less

Survey of projected growth and problems facing air transportation, 1975 - 1985

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, L. J.; Wilson, A.

1975-01-01

Results are presented of a survey conducted to determine the current opinion of people working in air transportation demand forecasting on the future of air transportation over the next ten years. In particular, the survey included questions on future demand growth, load factor, fuel prices, introduction date for the next new aircraft, the priorities of problems facing air transportation, and the probability of a substantial change in air transportation regulation. The survey participants included: airlines, manufacturers, universities, government agencies, and other organizations (financial institutions, private research companies, etc.). The results are shown for the average responses within the organization represented as well as the overall averages.

Electric Vehicle Site Operator Program

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1992-05-01

Kansas State University, with funding support from federal, state, public, and private companies, is participating in the Department of Energy's Electric Vehicle Site Operator Program. Through participation is this program, Kansas State is demonstrating, testing, and evaluating electric or hybrid vehicle technology. This participation will provide organizations the opportunity to examine the latest EHV prototypes under actual operating conditions. KSU proposes to purchase one electric or hybrid van and four electric cars during the first two years of this five year program. KSU has purchased one G-Van built by Conceptor Industries, Toronto, Canada and has initiated a procurement order to purchase two Soleq 1992 Ford EVcort stationwagons.

Characteristics of Private Schools in the United States: Results From the 2007-08 Private School Universe Survey--First Look. NCES 2009-313

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broughman, Stephen P.; Swaim, Nancy L.; Keaton, Patrick W.

2009-01-01

Since 1989, the U.S. Bureau of the Census has conducted the biennial Private School Universe Survey (PSS) for the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The PSS is designed to generate biennial data on the total number of private schools, students, and teachers, and to build a universe of private schools in the 50 states and the District…

GPR applications in civil engineering collaborating with a Company and preparation of material for the educational package to teach in Universities. STSM, COST Action TU1208

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sossa, Viviana; Assunção, Sonia; Pérez, Vega

2017-04-01

The STSM, Short-Term Missions, was carried out with the support of Murphy Survey company from Dublin - Ireland, was proposed for to Develop a module "GPR Applications in Archaeology" of the educational pack defined in the different meetings of the Cost Action TU 1208. The employ of GPR is mainly determined by the limits and uncertainties associated to this technique that affects to the measurements and the results. Private companies and end-users are highly interested in known the limits associated to particular cases and the advantages of the methodology compared to other studies. During this STSM, we plan to prepare a field survey, analyzing the possible problems and defining the objectives, and to acquire data to assess the structure. This data will be analyzed and processed in order to determine the limits of the technique in the particular case. The results will be compared to other surveys, in order to determine some clear restrictions that the company need to take into account in further works. Aknowledgments: This work has been partially funded by the EU COST Action TU1208, "Civil Engineering Applications of Ground Penetrating Radar", and it is a contribution to the working group 2.2 tasks in the COST Action TU1208.

Testimony. Federal White-Collar Employee Salary Reform

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-03-14

each locality. GAO also points out that private sector companies often grant salary increases to individual employees based on their job performance...by private sector employers for similar jobs. The comparability principle holds that the private sector will determine the "going rates" for jobs...established to maintain salary comparability with the private sector has not been followed for many years. Every year, beginning in 1978, Presidents have

If private equity sized up your business.

PubMed

Pozen, Robert C

2007-11-01

As the dust settles on the recent frenzy of private equity deals (including transactions topping $20 billion), what lessons can companies glean? Directors and executives of public companies may now be slightly less fearful of imminent takeover, yet the pressure remains: They face shareholders who wonder why they aren't getting private-equity-level returns. Rather than dismiss the value private equity has created as manipulated or aberrant, public company leaders should recognize the disciplined management that often underlies it. Pozen, a longtime leader in the financial services industry, finds that in the aftermath of buyouts, companies undergo five major thrusts of reform. These translate into five key questions that directors should pose to senior management: Have we left too much cash on our balance sheet instead of raising our cash dividends or buying back shares? Do we have the optimal capital structure, with the lowest weighted after-tax cost of total capital, including debt and equity? Do we have an operating plan that will significantly increase shareholder value, with specific metrics to monitor performance? Are the compensation rewards for our top executives tied closely enough to increases in shareholder value, with real penalties for nonperformance? Finally, does our board have enough industry experts who have made the time commitments and been given the financial incentives necessary to maximize shareholder value? The era of private equity is far from over - the top funds have become very large and are likely to play an influential role in future market cycles. Boards that ask these questions, and act on them, won't just beat the takeover artists to the punch. They will build stronger businesses.

Assessment of Staff Retention in Private Universities in Ghana: A Study of the Perez University College, Winneba

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kwegyir-Aggrey, Peter

2016-01-01

Staff turnover especially among lecturers in private universities is high due to poor and disappointing conditions of service. This negatively affects effective teaching, learning and research. The purpose of the study was to examine the causes of staff turnover in private universities, using the Perez University College in Winneba as a case…

Multi-usages of the Ilan geothermal field, NE Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, C. S.; Tseng, P.; Wang, S.; Chang, C.

2017-12-01

The tectonics of Taiwan is very dynamic. The area produces more than 30,000 earthquakes/year; the mountains uplift 4-5 cm/year; the rainfall culminates 3,000 mm/year; there are some 4,000 hot spring operators. One of the two hot geothermal areas is located in NE Taiwan - the Ilan geothermal field. In order to develop the geothermal energy for the electricity need, the Ministry of Science and Technology have provided the fund to drill two 2,500 deep wells. The results are not so encourage for the need of an Enhanced Geothermal System. However, one of the wells has a bottom temperature of 160oC and the water up loading with 60 ton/hr. This can be combined with the near-by wells drilled by the private drilling company and the Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management to develop the multi-usages of the geothermal energy, such as 1 MW of electricity for the college and village, the long-term healthcare and hot spring medicare, aquaculture and agriculture need etc. The universities and private drilling company cooperate together to join the development. Hope this will provide a new model for the need of a self-sufficient community. The geothermal is a clean, renewable, and no pollution energy. Taiwan is in an initial stage of using this green energy.

Assessment of Drinking Water Sold from Private Sector Kiosks in Post-Earthquake Port-au-Prince, Haiti

PubMed Central

Steenland, Maria; Dismer, Amber; Pierre-Louis, Jocelyne; Murphy, Jennifer L.; Kahler, Amy; Mull, Bonnie; Etheart, Melissa D.; Rossignol, Emmanuel; Boncy, Jacques; Hill, Vincent; Handzel, Thomas

2017-01-01

Abstract. Consumption of drinking water from private vendors has increased considerably in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, in recent decades. A major type of vendor is private kiosks, advertising reverse osmosis-treated water for sale by volume. To describe the scale and geographical distribution of private kiosks in metropolitan Port-au-Prince, an inventory of private kiosks was conducted from July to August 2013. Coordinates of kiosks were recorded with global positioning system units and a brief questionnaire was administered with the operator to document key kiosk characteristics. To assess the quality of water originating from private kiosks, water quality analyses were also conducted on a sample of those inventoried as well as from the major provider company sites. The parameters tested were Escherichia coli, free chlorine residual, pH, turbidity, and total dissolved solids. More than 1,300 kiosks were inventoried, the majority of which were franchises of four large provider companies. Approximately half of kiosks reported opening within 12 months of the date of the inventory. The kiosk treatment chain and sales price was consistent among a majority of the kiosks. Of the 757 kiosks sampled for water quality, 90.9% of samples met World Health Organization (WHO) microbiological guideline at the point of sale for nondetectable E. coli in a 100-mL sample. Of the eight provider company sites tested, all samples met the WHO microbiological guideline. Because of the increasing role of the private sector in drinking water provision in Port-au-Prince and elsewhere in Haiti, this assessment was an important first step for government regulation of this sector. PMID:29064355

[The role of the Constitutional Court on the analysis of contracts of prepaid medicine programs].

PubMed

Quintana-Cepeda, Anamaría

2016-01-01

Since 1991, when the current Colombian Constitution came into force and the Constitutional Court was appointed as its guardian and protector, constitutional values have permeated all subjects and areas of law, even those that were previously considered as private matters. Prepaid medicine contracts are a good example of this phenomenon, since the Colombian Constitutional Court has limited individual freedom of contract to private parties -prepaid medical companies- for the benefit of final users of this service through "acción de tutela", in order to protect the right to healthcare and to prevent some behaviors that violate the principle of good faith. The Court has demanded private companies to assess the health condition of patients and has prohibited pre-existent and exclusion clauses that diminish the responsibilities of said companies. Nevertheless, there is a gap in the law regarding the duties of good faith that concern the user, which will be addressed in this paper.

The Emergence of Private Universities and New Social Formations in Meiji Japan, 1868-1912

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

al-Khaizaran, Huda Yoshida

2011-01-01

This article examines the emergence of private universities in Meiji Japan (1868-1912). It begins by discussing the interrelationships of modernity projects with the emergence of state universities, and with the new state civil servants. Second, it reviews the processes through which forerunners of private universities emerged, considering…

The "Failure" of Private Universities in Uruguay: A Tale of Three Institutions. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roane, Warren

In Latin America private universities are a recent phenomenon; Uruguay began its experiment with privatization only 15 years ago. This study explores several factors which have impeded formation of private universities by analyzing the "failures" of three institutions. The theoretical framework of the study is based on work by D.C. Levy…

Private Management of Public Schools: Early Experiences in Four School Districts. Report to Congressional Committees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Health, Education, and Human Services Div.

School districts nationwide are experimenting with a range of reform options, one of which is private management of public schools. This General Accounting Office (GAO) report describes the early experiences of four school districts that contracted with private companies for management of their public schools. Specifically, the report describes:…

Social Responsibility: How Companies Become Involved in Their Communities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawrence, Melanie

1982-01-01

Examines the reality of corporate involvement in community and social welfare in light of the Reagan administration's emphasis on private sector philanthropy. Describes specific company programs and provides advice for corporate donors. (SK)

Social Experiments in Tokyo Metropolitan Area Convection Study for Extreme Weather Resilient Cities(TOMACS)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsuyoshi, Nakatani; Nakamura, Isao; MIsumi, Ryohei; Shoji, Yoshinori

2015-04-01

Introduction TOMACS research project has been started since 2010 July in order to develop the elementary technologies which are required for the adaptation of societies to future global warming impacts that cannot be avoided by the reduction of greenhouse gases. In collaboration with related government institutions, local governments, private companies, and residents, more than 25 organizations and over 100 people are participated. TOMACS consists of the following three research themes: Theme 1: Studies on extreme weather with dense meteorological observations Theme 2: Development of the extreme weather early detection and prediction system Theme 3: Social experiments on extreme weather resilient cities Theme 1 aims to understand the initiation, development, and dissipation processes of convective precipitation in order to clarify the mechanism of localized heavy rainfall which are potential causes of flooding and landslides. Theme 2 aims to establish the monitoring and prediction system of extreme phenomena which can process real-time data from dense meteorological observation networks, advanced X-band radar network systems and predict localized heavy rainfalls and strong winds. Through social experiments, theme 3 aims to establish a method to use information obtained by the monitoring system of extreme phenomena to disaster prevention operations in order to prevent disasters and reduce damage. Social Experiments Toyo University is the core university for the social experiments accomplishment. And following organizations are participating in this research theme: NIED, the Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection (TMRIEP), University of Tokyo, Tokyo Fire Department (TFD), Edogawa Ward in Tokyo, Yokohama City, Fujisawa City and Minamiashigara City in Kanagawa, East Japan Railway Company, Central Japan Railway Company, Obayashi Corporation, and Certified and Accredited Meteorologists of Japan(CAMJ). The social experiments have carried out　in four different disaster prevention disciplines, i.e. rescue services, risk managements, infrastructure, and life and education as follows; (1) Rescue Service, conducted by TDF (2) Risk Managements, conducted by Edogawa Ward of Tokyo, Yokohama City, Fujisawa City, and MinamiAshigara City (3) Infrastructures, conducted by East Japan Railway Company, Central Japan Railway Company, and Obayashi Corporation. (4) Life and Education, conducted by Toyo University, University of Tokyo, TMRIEP, and CAMJ Each participant has different purposes. For example, the main objective of the social experiment at Edogawa ward is to provide easy-to-understand information of heavy rain to the local residents. Tokyo Fire Department set up the dedicated website and have been used as an early information collection tools during a localized heavy rain and inland flood dameges. East Japan Railway Company and Central Japan Railway Company have studied to be used as additional information for managing the safe operation of the railway. Obayashi Corporation have taken an advantage of the information to ensure the safety of the construction site and so on. In the paper, overview of TOMACS and some of social experiments results are presented and difficulties of social experiments will be discussed as well.

78 FR 72071 - Notice of Availability: Application Requirements for the American Assured Fuel Supply

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-02

... the material in the AFS beyond ensuring that Westinghouse, the private company storing the AFS LEU for.... Policy and Process for Accessing AFS Material The DOE requests that persons or companies that seek to... or make any warranty, express or implied beyond assuring that Westinghouse, the company storing AFS...

76 FR 17825 - Initiation of Antidumping Duty Administrative Reviews, Requests for Revocation in Part, and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

... presumption that all companies within the country are subject to government control and, thus, should be.... Kaifeng Carbon Company Ltd. KASY Logistics (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. Kimwan New Carbon Technology and... Trang Fisheries Joint Stock Company (``Nha Trang FISCO'') Ngoc Sinh Private Enterprise aka. Ngoc Sinh...

78 FR 64197 - Renewable Energy Policy Business Roundtable in Livermore, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-28

... allowed the private sector to explore areas of mutual concern and share with government officials their... rolling basis in the order they are received. Selected companies will be contacted with information about... send an email to [email protected] with the following information. Name of Applicant Company Name Company...

76 FR 69752 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request, Write Your Own...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-09

... amended (the Act) with individual private sector insurance companies that are licensed to engage in the... Federal Government will be a guarantor of flood insurance coverage for WYO companies policies issued under... qualified, FEMA is requiring a one-time submission of information to determine the company's qualifications...

12 CFR 225.174 - What aggregate thresholds apply to merchant banking investments?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... banking investments held by the financial holding company under this subpart exceeds: (1) 30 percent of the Tier 1 capital of the financial holding company; or (2) After excluding interests in private equity funds, 20 percent of the Tier 1 capital of the financial holding company. (b) How do these...

A New Neighborhood Every Fall: Aging in Place in a College Town.

PubMed

Powell, Kathleen H

Older adults who live in residential neighborhoods adjacent to college and university campuses have a unique experience that makes them vulnerable to marginalization and displacement. As these neighborhoods become increasingly dominated by college students living in rental properties, older adults find themselves in the minority in a neighborhood where they have lived for many years. In addition, these neighborhoods are attractive to universities, city governments, and private companies for their development potential, which can result in gentrification. A year-long ethnographic study of a campus-adjacent neighborhood in a small US college town that is home to a medium-sized public university sheds light on the relationships between members of 5 stakeholder groups that have a vested interest in the neighborhood. The study highlights the need for additional research on different types of neighborhoods and their effects on aging in place in addition to outlining social work interventions in campus-adjacent neighborhoods that are designed to enhance these intergenerational spaces.

Pharmacy students in private institutions of higher education: motivating factors when studying pharmacy and influences on university choice.

PubMed

Loo, Jason S E; Lim, Shiao Wei; Ng, Yew Keong; Tiong, John J L

2017-12-01

To identify factors influencing the decisions of Malaysian first-year pharmacy undergraduate students in private higher education when choosing to pursue a degree in pharmacy as well as their choice of private university. This cross-sectional study employed a validated, self-administered questionnaire which was administered to 543 first-year pharmacy students from nine different private universities. Factor analysis was utilised to extract key factors from the responses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Eight factors motivating students' decision to study pharmacy emerged from the responses, accounting for 63.8% of the variance observed. Students were primarily motivated by intrinsic interests, with work conditions and profession attributes also exerting significant influence. In terms of choice of private university, nine factors were identified, accounting for 73.8% of the variance observed. The image of the school and university were most influential factors in this context, followed by university safety, programme attributes and financial factors. First-year pharmacy students in the private higher education sector are motivated by intrinsic interest when choosing to study pharmacy over other courses, while their choice of private university is influenced primarily by the image of the school and university. © 2017 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.

[Between the public and the private. New incentives in health care].

PubMed

Abel-Smith, B

1992-01-01

This paper discusses some of the proposals regarding the improvement of the efficiency in the delivery of health care services. Several countries have implemented different strategies based on the experience of the Health Maintenance Organizations, which have used the market to stimulate competition between providers and insurance companies. One of the proposals includes the creation of agencies that would compete in quality and in price. Another one implies the creation of a National Health Service capable of hiring public or private services from local agencies. The ideal strategy would enable a consumer to choose between insurance companies and public and private providers, and would hopefully create cost conditions reasonably correlated with the efficiency and quality of the rendered services.

A Comparative Study of Students' Access to and Utilization of Learning Resources in Selected Public and Private Universities in Southwest, Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawal, B. O.; Viatonu, Olumuyiwa

2017-01-01

The study investigated students' access to and utilization of some learning resources in selected public and private universities in southwest Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 585 (295 public and 290 private) students from 12 (six public and six private) universities in southwest Nigeria. Two instruments--Cost and…

Farm It Out. An Interview with Steve Kramer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

School Planning and Management, 1996

1996-01-01

Assistant Superintendent Steve Kramer explains that the primary objective of privatization in Madeira (Ohio) schools was to create more time for administrators to spend on educational issues. Transportation, food service, and custodial services are run by private companies. (MLF)

Training Consortia: How They Work, How They Don't.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Filipczak, Bob

1994-01-01

Looks at the pros and cons of training consortia. Suggests that they can be a cost-effective training strategy, especially for small companies. Describes three categories of consortia: private for-profit, private nonprofit, and public sector. (JOW)

Slawson Exploration Company, Inc. Clean Air Act Settlement

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Slawson is a privately held oil and gas exploration company that was founded by Donald C. Slawson in 1957. Slawson has drilled over 3,500 wells in ten states, including in 14 different formations in seven basins

Valuing and Maintaining Independent Research with Private Sector Funding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prinn, R. G.

2016-12-01

Industries have been funding important research programs in the Geosciences at universities for decades. This support has proven to be beneficial to both universities and the private sector. It is of course important that the independence of the researchers in this relationship is maintained. The relationship usually involves a common interest in understanding and solving a particular problem. Some common keys to maintaining independence have been transparency about the relationship, control of the research agenda by the researchers, and no censorship of publications. In addressing this topic, I will draw upon my experience in two programs that have been funded by industry as well as federal agencies. The 25-year-old Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change uses coupled earth system and economic models to quantify risks of climate change and assess affordable ways to evolve to low to zero emission energy in the future, and is funded by DOE and other federal agencies plus a large consortium of industries (globalchange.mit.edu). And the 38-year-old AGAGE global network that measures, and estimates emissions and lifetimes, of greenhouse and ozone-depleting gases, and is funded by NASA but was also supported in its first 6 years by a consortium of CFC manufacturing companies (agage.mit.edu).

Private Sector Providers of Basic Skills Training in the Workplace. A Study of the General Training and Basic Skills Responses of Randomly Selected Companies Which Provide Basic Skills Training to Their Employees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mark, Jorie Lester

A questionnaire was distributed to 1,305 companies to study the basic skills training provided. Of 62 responses, 41 companies had basic skills training programs. Respondents represented these types of companies: communications and utilities, finance and insurance, manufacturing, wholesalers, retailers, health and hospitals, and mining, and had…

Predictors of Academics' Career Advancement at Malaysian Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arokiasamy, Lawrence; Ismail, Maimunah; Ahmad, Aminah; Othman, Jamilah

2011-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the influence of individual and organizational variables on the career advancement of academics in Malaysian private universities. Design/methodology/approach: A correlation study was conducted in six private universities. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The dependent…

Evaluation of the influence of economic groups on the efficiency and quality of service of water companies: an empirical approach for Chile.

PubMed

Molinos-Senante, María; Farías, Rodrigo

2018-06-04

The privatization of water and sewerage services (WSS) has led to the foundation of water economic groups, which integrate several water companies and have gained notable importance at the global level. In the framework of benchmarking studies, there are no prior studies exploring the impact that economic groups have on the efficiency and quality of service provided by water companies. This study investigates, for the first time, whether the membership of water companies in an economic group influences their performance. Quantity- and quality-adjusted efficiency scores were computed using data envelopment analysis models. An empirical application was developed for the Chilean water industry since most of their water companies are private and belong to an economic group. The results show that independent water companies provide WSS with better quality than do water companies that belong to an economic group. From a statistical point of view, it was evident that membership in an economic group impacts both the quantity- and quality-adjusted efficiency scores of water companies. The results of this study illustrate that applying the model-firm regulation to the Chilean water industry has significant drawbacks that should be addressed by the water regulator to promote the long-term sustainability of the water industry.

At the Hard Edge of Change: Views from Secondary Head Teachers on a Public-Private Partnership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Woods, Glenys J.; Woods, Philip A.

2005-01-01

The work presented here follows up the authors' paper, in the previous issue of this journal, which (i) explored modernizing leadership in a public-private partnership, principally from the perspective of the senior managers of a private company contracted to run school support services by a local education authority (LEA), and (ii) suggested that…

The Switch to Private Pension Plans for Teachers, 1982-2002: A Case of Freedom of Choice or Financial Scandal?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griggs, Clive

2009-01-01

In the early 1980s the Conservative Administration introduced legislation to promote private personal pension plans for public sector workers. An army of commission-driven sales staff from the financial services industry sought to persuade teachers and others to abandon their inflation-proof pension schemes for those offered by private companies.…

Costs and benefits of private finance initiative schemes.

PubMed

Gittoes, Paula; Trim, Joanna

The private finance initiative (PFI) is the biggest building programme in the history of the NHS. It aims to raise the quality of health care facilities by utilising the skills and expertise of companies in the private sector. This article outlines what PFI involves, how it works and the benefits to the NHS in raising the quality of health care facilities.

Students' Attitudes toward Campus Environment: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Universities in Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chepchieng, Micah C.; Kiboss, Joel K.; Sindabi, Aggrey; Kariuki, Mary W.; Mbugua, Stephen N.

2006-01-01

One of the serious problems facing education in Kenya's public universities has been a persistent student disturbance. Private universities on the other hand, seem to have established a reputation of having minimal incidence of student disturbances. As such private universities are known to have had a good record of student conduct. This may be…

77 FR 75263 - Surety Companies Acceptable on Federal Bonds: Termination; Universal Insurance Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-19

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Fiscal Service Surety Companies Acceptable on Federal Bonds: Termination; Universal Insurance Company AGENCY: Financial Management Service, Fiscal Service, Department of... of Authority issued by the Treasury to Universal Insurance Company (NAIC 31704) under 31 U.S.C. 9305...

12 CFR 1500.4 - How are investments in private equity funds treated under this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... type of company that issues ownership interests in any form. (c) What is the holding period permitted... company that: (1) Is formed for the purpose of and is engaged exclusively in the business of investing in shares, assets, and ownership interests of financial and nonfinancial companies for resale or other...

Electric and hybrid vehicle site operators program: Thinking of the future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kansas State University, with support from federal, state, public, and private companies, is participating in the Department of Energy's Electric Vehicle Site Operator Program. Through participation in this program, Kansas State is displaying, testing, and evaluating electric or hybrid vehicle technology. This participation will provide organizations the opportunity to examine the latest EHV prototypes under actual operating conditions. KSU proposes to purchase one electric or hybrid van and two electric cars during the first two years of this five-year program. KSU has purchased one G-Van built by Conceptor Industries, Toronto, Canada and has initiated a procurement order to purchase two Soleq 1993 Ford EVcort station wagons. The G-Van has been signed in order for the public to be aware that this is an electric drive vehicle. Financial participants' names have been stenciled on the back door of the van. This vehicle is available for short term loan to interested utilities and companies. When other vehicles are obtained, the G-Van will be maintained on K-State's campus.

A role for national laboratories in enhancing economic competitiveness. The example of high-temperature superconductors: CNSS papers, No. 1

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hecker, S. S.

1987-07-01

The basic research community is responding splendidly in pushing the limits of superconductivity. The race to commercialize these new materials is on. The US will face unprecedented international competition, especially from the Japanese. The US needs to develop a partnership among universities, federal laboratories, and private industry. Universities have begun to team with industry while some of the large industrial companies like AT and T and IBM are competing effectively. But it will take more to make the mainstream of US industry competitive. Therefore, an initiative is proposed to develop an industry-DOE national laboratory partnership by establishing Exploratory R and D Centers at these laboratories. The centers will concentrate on the R and D for enabling technologies required to commercialize high-temperature superconductors. This initiative will in part help US industry to be competitive in this new and exciting field.

What Is Medicare?

MedlinePlus

... Savings Account Plans These plans are offered by insurance companies and other private companies approved by Medicare. Medicare Advantage Plans may also offer prescription drug coverage that follows the same rules ... card . Check all other insurance cards that you use. Call the phone number ...

Exploring the feasibility of private micro flood insurance provision in Bangladesh.

PubMed

Akter, Sonia; Brouwer, Roy; van Beukering, Pieter J H; French, Laura; Silver, Efrath; Choudhury, Saria; Aziz, Syeda Salina

2011-04-01

This paper aims to contribute to the debate on the feasibility of the provision of micro flood insurance as an effective tool for spreading disaster risks in developing countries and examines the role of the institutional-organisational framework in assisting the design and implementation of such a micro flood insurance market. In Bangladesh, a private insurance market for property damage and livelihood risk due to natural disasters does not exist. Private insurance companies are reluctant to embark on an evidently unprofitable venture. Testing two different institutional-organisational models, this research reveals that the administration costs of micro-insurance play an important part in determining the long-term viability of micro flood insurance schemes. A government-facilitated process to overcome the differences observed in this study between the nonprofit micro-credit providers and profit-oriented private insurance companies is needed, building on the particular competence each party brings to the development of a viable micro flood insurance market through a public-private partnership. © 2011 The Author(s). Disasters © Overseas Development Institute, 2011.

The effect of increased private sector involvement in solid waste collection in five cities in Ghana.

PubMed

Oduro-Kwarteng, Sampson; van Dijk, Meine Pieter

2013-10-01

Private sector involvement in solid waste management in developing countries has increased, but the effect is not always clear. This study assesses how it has been organized in five cities in Ghana, what has been its effect and what lessons for private sector development in developing countries can be drawn. Data were collected from 25 private companies and a sample of 1200 households. More than 60% of solid waste in Ghanaian cities is now collected by private enterprises. Sometimes, and increasingly, competitive bidding takes place, although sometimes no bidding is organized leading to rendering of this service and no contract being signed. Local governments and local solid waste companies have not changed to more customer-oriented delivery because of the slow pace of charging users and the resulting low rate of cost recovery. The participation of the population has been limited, which contributes to low cost recovery. However, a gradual better functioning of the system put in place is shown. We observed an increasing use of competitive bidding, signing of contracts and city-wide user charging.

The privatization of spa companies in Poland - An evaluation of policy assumptions and implementation.

PubMed

Szromek, Adam R; Romaniuk, Piotr; Hadzik, Andrzej

2016-04-01

The aim of this article is to present the course of privatization of spa companies in Poland during the period 2001-2011. We discuss assumptions of the privatization process, as well as actual implementation, having identified the process as chaotic and inconsistent with prior legal provisions. We found that in its applied form the process resulted in limitation of the therapeutic potential of spas, and reduction of the State's ability to implement health policy in a legally determined form. We also found that privatization potentially improved spa infrastructure standards and increases the tourist potential of spa resorts. We recommend that clear eligibility criteria are applied to institutions in the privatization process, as well as the provision of legal guarantees for access to spa services financed from public resources. Such guarantees should be made a public obligation, to ensure the availability of services for insured persons, and there should be an obligation to maintain a specific part of a given institution's potential for the needs of patients funded by public health insurance. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Caught between the global economy and local bureaucracy: the barriers to good waste management practice in South Africa.

PubMed

Godfrey, Linda; Scott, Dianne; Trois, Cristina

2013-03-01

Empirical research shows that good waste management practice in South Africa is not always under the volitional control of those tasked with its implementation. While intention to act may exist, external factors, within the distal and proximal context, create barriers to waste behaviour. In addition, these barriers differ for respondents in municipalities, private industry and private waste companies. The main barriers to implementing good waste management practice experienced by respondents in municipalities included insufficient funding for waste management and resultant lack of resources; insufficient waste knowledge; political interference in decision-making; a slow decision-making process; lack of perceived authority to act by waste staff; and a low priority afforded to waste. Barriers experienced by respondents in private industry included insufficient funding for waste and the resultant lack of resources; insufficient waste knowledge; and government bureaucracy. Whereas, barriers experienced in private waste companies included increasing costs; government bureaucracy; global markets; and availability of waste for recycling. The results suggest that respondents in public and private waste organizations are subject to different structural forces that shape, enable and constrain waste behaviour.

A protocol for developing an evaluation framework for an academic and private-sector partnership to assess the impact of major food and beverage companies' investments in community health in the United States.

PubMed

Huang, Terry T-K; Ferris, Emily; Crossley, Rachel; Guillermin, Michelle; Costa, Sergio; Cawley, John

2015-01-01

Public health leaders increasingly recognize the importance of multi-sector partnerships and systems approaches to address obesity. Public-private partnerships (PPP), which are joint ventures between government agencies and private sector entities, may help facilitate this process, but need to be delivered through comprehensive, transparent frameworks to maximize potential benefits and minimize potential risks for all partners. The City University of New York (CUNY) School of Public Health and the Healthy Weight Commitment Foundation (HWCF) propose to engage in a unique academic-private-sector research partnership to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of the food and beverage industry's investment in obesity and hunger prevention and reduction through community-level healthful eating and active living programs. The CUNY-HWCF academic-private partnership protocol described here incorporates best practices from the literature on PPP into the partnership's design. The CUNY-HWCF partnership design demonstrates how established guidelines for partnership components will actively incorporate and promote the principles of successful PPPs identified in various research papers. These identified principles of successful PPP, including mutuality (a reciprocal relationship between entities), and equality among partners, recognition of partners' unique strengths and roles, alignment of resources and expertise toward a common cause, and coordination and delegation of responsibilities, will be embedded throughout the design of governance, management, funding, intellectual property and accountability structures. The CUNY-HWCF partnership responds to the call for increased multi-sector work in obesity prevention and control. This framework aims to promote transparency and the shared benefits of complementary expertise while minimizing shared risks and conflicts of interest. This framework serves as a template for future academic-private research partnerships.

[Datanet 1 and the convergence of the computer and telecommunications].

PubMed

de Wit, Onno

2008-01-01

This article describes the efforts of the Dutch national company for telecommunication, PTT, in introducing and developing a public network for data communication in the Netherlands in the last decades of the twentieth century. As early as the 1960s, private companies started to connect their local computers. As a result, small private computer networks started to emerge. As the state company offering general access to public services in telephony, the PTT strove to develop a public data network, accessible to every user and telephone subscriber. This ambition was realized with Datanet 1, the public data network which was officially opened in 1982. In the years that followed, Datanet became the dominant network for data transmission, despite competing efforts by private companies and computer manufacturers. The large-scale application of Datanet in public municipal administration serves as a case study for the development of data communication in practice, that shows that there was a gradual migration from X-25 to TCP/IP protocols. The article concludes by stating that the introduction and development of data transmission transformed the role of the PTT in Dutch society, brought new working practices, new services and new responsibilities, and resulted in a whole new phase in the history of the computer.

Private Military Industry Analysis: Private and Public Companies

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-12-01

Consulting info@mushriquiconsulting.com (800) 567 2821/(484) 452 6523 www.mushriquiconsulting.com/ MVM , Inc. (703) 790 3138 www.mvminc.com...Website.” www.mushriquiconsulting.com/ (assessed September 2007). “ MVM , Inc. Official Website.” www.mvminc.com/ (assessed September 2007). “MZM

Analysis of the potential benefits of larger trucks for U.S. businesses operating private fleets.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2009-05-01

This study examines the current operational and economic performance of a sample of companies that operate private fleets and establishes a present-day baseline of transport productivity and efficiency. It also estimates how transportation performanc...

The politics of underdevelopment: metered to death-how a water experiment caused riots and a cholera epidemic.

PubMed

Pauw, Jacques

2003-01-01

Water privatization programs in South Africa, part of a government policy aimed at making people pay for the full cost of running water ("total cost recovery"), was developed by private water companies and the World Bank to finance improved water supplies and build the country's economy. Instead the programs are causing more misery than development. Millions of poor people have had their water supply cut off because of inability to pay, forcing them to get their water from polluted rivers and lakes and leading to South Africa's worst cholera outbreak--which the government paid millions of dollars to control. Residents in some townships are rebelling, and many of the private multinational water companies are reassessing their involvement in South Africa.

Insurance companies' perspectives on the orphan drug pipeline.

PubMed

Handfield, Robert; Feldstein, Josh

2013-11-01

Rare diseases are of increasing concern to private and public healthcare insurance plans. Largely neglected by manufacturers before the 1983 passing of the Orphan Drug Act (ODA), orphan drugs have become a commercialization target of steadily increasing importance to the healthcare industry. The ODA mandates the coverage of rare diseases, which are defined in research communities as diseases that are so infrequent that there is no reasonable expectation of a drugmaker recovering the cost of developing that drug. To determine the views of leading commercial US payers regarding providing access to and coverage for orphan drugs; to assess whether and to what degree cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is viewed by payers as relevant to rare disease coverage. The study sample was identified through a call for action sent by America's Health Insurance Plans to its members, resulting in 4 interviews conducted and 3 completed surveys from a total of 7 companies. These 7 US health insurance companies represent approximately 75% of the US private insurance market by revenue and include approximately 157 million covered lives (using self-reported data from insurance companies). Representatives of 3 companies responded to the survey, and representatives of 4 companies were interviewed via the phone. The interviews were conducted with subject matter experts at each company and included 2 senior vice presidents of a pharmacy program, 1 chief medical director, and 1 head of pharmacoeconomics. The surveys were completed by 1 vice president of clinical pharmacy strategy, 1 chief pharmacy director, and 1 medical director. Based on the responses in this study, approximately 67% of US private insurance companies are concerned about orphan drugs, but only approximately 17% have developed meaningful strategies for addressing the cost of orphan drugs. Of the companies who do have such a strategy, 100% are unsure how to determine the best economic assessment tools to control orphan drug costs, and two thirds are relying on prior authorization as a means to control costs. More than 80% of the companies are not using cost-effectiveness methodologies with regard to rare diseases, generally because of a lack of the availability of medicines to facilitate such comparisons. CEA is used by less than 20% of our study sample of payers in dealing with orphan drug policies. Evaluating cost-effectiveness is a valuable strategy for payers seeking to facilitate appropriate access and coverage decision-making related to orphan drugs, but it is not well understood or adapted by private insurance companies. Health economists, along with providers and payers, must work together to design rational methodologies to evaluate the value of orphan drugs, perhaps by adopting cost-effectiveness methodologies to consider a compound's total research and development and commercialization demands relative to its cost-effectiveness.

Spring 1996 Enrollment. South Dakota Public and Private Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

South Dakota Board of Regents, Pierre.

This compendium of data tables summarizes state enrollment data for six public universities in South Dakota -- Black Hills State University, Dakota State University, Northern State University, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, South Dakota State University, and the University of South Dakota -- and 12 private institutions: Augustana…

Ultrascale Visualization of Climate Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Williams, Dean N.; Bremer, Timo; Doutriaux, Charles; Patchett, John; Williams, Sean; Shipman, Galen; Miller, Ross; Pugmire, David R.; Smith, Brian; Steed, Chad;

Perspectives of Increase of University Education Effectiveness: Use of Private Educational Resources

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tyurina, Yulia; Troyanskaya, Maria

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the perspectives of increase of effectiveness of university education, related to the use of private educational resources. Design/Methodology/ Approach: In order to determine the dependence of effectiveness of university education on the use of private educational resources, this work uses the…

Quality Assurance Challenges and Opportunities Faced by Private Universities in Zimbabwe

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garwe, Evelyn Chiyevo

2014-01-01

The study sought to provide an understanding of the quality assurance challenges and opportunities faced by private universities in Zimbabwe. The study analyzed the factors determining provision of quality higher education in private universities and the resultant effects of failing to achieve the minimum acceptable standards. The author employed…

The Relationship between Followership Style and Job Performance in Botswana Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oyetunji, Christianah O.

2013-01-01

This paper describes the followership style and job performance in Botswana private universities. Attempt was made to determine if there is a significant relationship between followership styles in relation to job performance. A total of 102 randomly selected lecturers from the two private universities completed followership and job performance…

48 CFR 1213.7100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... issued for three DOT employees to attend a one week course at a university or other private entity, the policy does not apply. DOT does not control this course because the university or private entity has a...) When DOT awards a contract to a university or other private entity to provide training for DOT and/or...

48 CFR 1213.7100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... issued for three DOT employees to attend a one week course at a university or other private entity, the policy does not apply. DOT does not control this course because the university or private entity has a...) When DOT awards a contract to a university or other private entity to provide training for DOT and/or...

Evolution of Private Universities in Nigeria: Matters Arising and the Way Forward

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ige, Akindele M.

2013-01-01

Many issues such as the increasing cases of unsatisfied demand for admission, moral decadence among students, incessant strikes, student unrest and cultism, among others necessitated the establishment of private alongside the federal and state universities in Nigeria. It is however expected that the advent of private universities will provide…

48 CFR 1213.7100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... issued for three DOT employees to attend a one week course at a university or other private entity, the policy does not apply. DOT does not control this course because the university or private entity has a...) When DOT awards a contract to a university or other private entity to provide training for DOT and/or...

48 CFR 1213.7100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... issued for three DOT employees to attend a one week course at a university or other private entity, the policy does not apply. DOT does not control this course because the university or private entity has a...) When DOT awards a contract to a university or other private entity to provide training for DOT and/or...

48 CFR 1213.7100 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... issued for three DOT employees to attend a one week course at a university or other private entity, the policy does not apply. DOT does not control this course because the university or private entity has a...) When DOT awards a contract to a university or other private entity to provide training for DOT and/or...

Promoting universal financial protection: health insurance for the poor in Georgia--a case study.

PubMed

Zoidze, Akaki; Rukhazde, Natia; Chkhatarashvili, Ketevan; Gotsadze, George

2013-11-15

The present study focuses on the program "Medical Insurance for the Poor (MIP)" in Georgia. Under this program, the government purchased coverage from private insurance companies for vulnerable households identified through a means testing system, targeting up to 23% of the total population. The benefit package included outpatient and inpatient services with no co-payments, but had only limited outpatient drug benefits. This paper presents the results of the study on the impact of MIP on access to health services and financial protection of the MIP-targeted and general population. With a holistic case study design, the study employed a range of quantitative and qualitative methods. The methods included document review and secondary analysis of the data obtained through the nationwide household health expenditure and utilisation surveys 2007-2010 using the difference-in-differences method. The study findings showed that MIP had a positive impact in terms of reduced expenditure for inpatient services and total household health care costs, and there was a higher probability of receiving free outpatient benefits among the MIP-insured. However, MIP insurance had almost no effect on health services utilisation and the households' expenditure on outpatient drugs, including for those with MIP insurance, due to limited drug benefits in the package and a low claims ratio. In summary, the extended MIP coverage and increased financial access provided by the program, most likely due to the exclusion of outpatient drug coverage from the benefit package and possibly due to improper utilisation management by private insurance companies, were not able to reverse adverse effects of economic slow-down and escalating health expenditure. MIP has only cushioned the negative impact for the poorest by decreasing the poor/rich gradient in the rates of catastrophic health expenditure. The recent governmental decision on major expansion of MIP coverage and inclusion of additional drug benefit will most likely significantly enhance the overall MIP impact and its potential as a viable policy instrument for achieving universal coverage. The Georgian experience presented in this paper may be useful for other low- and middle-income countries that are contemplating ways to ensure universal coverage for their populations.

[The evolution of Chilean universities from 1981 to 2004].

PubMed

Cruz-Coke, Ricardo

2004-12-01

In 1981, a supreme decree allowed the creation of private universities in Chile. As a consequence, 50 new universities were created in one decade, under the surveillance of the Council for Superior Education. This paper analyzes the evolution of this expansion process, that resulted in an admission of 370,000 students to 60 universities along the country, during 2004. At the moment, 42% of the universities, designed as traditional, receive state financing and 58% are private. Twenty six percent are owned by the state, 52% are secular and 22% are confessional. The 25 traditional universities are complex organizations of a high academic level. New private universities are only devoted to teaching and some have obtained their autonomy. Some have improved the quality of their academic staff, perform research and impart doctorate degrees. However, most are small and with a limited academic staff. Traditional universities are stratified in a superior level. Eight private universities and some regional institutions, that are becoming complex and performing research activities, are stratified in a middle level. Two thirds of the private universities are in the lower level. The expansion of superior education is a sign of the social and cultural progress that Chile has experienced.

Universities and Fields of Study in Argentina: A Public-Private Comparison from the Supply and Demand Side. PROPHE Working Paper Series. WP No. 15

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rabossi, Marcelo

2010-01-01

Private higher education literature recognizes large public-private differentiation in terms of field of study. Relative to public counterparts, private universities tend to offer their services in fields that require low initial investments and present at least relatively attractive internal private rates of return. Thus, the main objective of…

76 FR 68813 - FY 2011 Discretionary Livability Funding Opportunity; Section 5309 Bus and Bus Facilities...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-07

... subrecipients that are public agencies, private companies engaged in public transportation, or private non... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Transit Administration FY 2011 Discretionary Livability... Transportation's (DOT) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) announces the selection of projects funded under two...

The Changing Private Market System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cardinal, Robert J.; And Others

1977-01-01

States that a fundamental change is taking place in the concept of the market system from one of private interests to one of public interests, and discusses the approach that companies may take in developing their marketing plans within the framework of the public market system. (MB)

77 FR 66523 - National Entrepreneurship Month, 2012

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-06

... innovation, and get their ventures off the ground faster. Alongside it, leaders in the private sector... directed Federal agencies to streamline processes for establishing public-private research partnerships... into law, which is making it easier for innovative companies to go public and expand their workforce...

Education Private Practice. Fastback 451.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zuelke, Dennis C.

This fastback document examines small education businesses that provide direct and personal instructional service to clients. Although education private-practice enterprises have not received the attention that high-profile companies have commanded, there are thousands of such one- and two-person enterprises. These practices work with and support…

The Impact of Post-Secondary Privatization: The Case of Costa Rica

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Espinosa, Lorelle L.; Santos, Jose L.

2008-01-01

Between 1985 and 2000, the Central American country of Costa Rica experienced rapid and unprecedented private university growth as part of an international movement towards post-secondary privatization. Costa Rica stands apart from other developing countries in that all 50 of the nation's private universities are proprietary, resulting in a…

The Growing Role of Private Giving in Financing the Modern University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Speck, Bruce W.

2010-01-01

Increased use of private funds to support public higher education is essential, but private funding undoubtedly shapes the university in ways that challenge academic traditions, creating a new paradigm for financing the modern university. In this chapter, the author describes the three sources of funding for higher education: (1) tuition and fees;…

Margin for Excellence and Opportunity. The Impact of Private Investment on Public Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, Washington, DC.

This report discusses the trend of private funding to state universities, examines the importance of this area of financial support, and analyses the financial challenge confronting the nation's state and land-grant universities. Examples of what private investment does for the school are provided as is an argument supporting the need for…

Engineering Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) in University Education Service Delivery in Africa

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Odeleye, Donald A.

2012-01-01

University education remains a major player in the socio-economic revamping of Africa even though most African national governments have not leveraged the high output of the private sector for educational development. For the most part to date, private universities are running as parallels to their public counterparts. With fewer infrastructures,…

An Investigation of Conflict Management in Public and Private Sector Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Din, Siraj ud; Khan, Bakhtiar; Rehman, Rashid; Bibi, Zainab

2011-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to gain an insight into the conflict management in public and private sector universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To achieve the earlier mentioned purpose, survey method was used with the help of questionnaire. In this research, impact of university type (public and private sector) was examined on the conflict…

Does Graduating from a Private University Make a Difference? Evidence from Italy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Triventi, Moris; Trivellato, Paolo

2012-01-01

The main aim of this article is to explore similarities and differences in the institutional features of private and state universities in the Italian higher education system and to assess whether graduating from a private university conveys advantages in the labour market. In the first part we use administrative data to describe the main…

University Entrepreneurship in a Developing Country: The Case of the P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, 1985-2000

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernasconi, Andres

2005-01-01

Privatization in higher education is usually understood either as the surge of private institutions or as universities' growing reliance on private sources of funding or otherwise operating more like firms. Joining the growing literature on university entrepreneurship, this is a case study on the less examined problem of entrepreneurial…

Private University and Community College Strategic Alliances: The Case for Cooperation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fincher, Mark

2002-01-01

Reviews the literature on community colleges and private universities, applying principles of strategic management to these environments. States that private universities have the flexibility to offer a specialized program of study at a premium price, while community colleges are better able to offer low-cost services to a large group of students.…

The role and challenges of the food industry in addressing chronic disease

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Summary Increasingly, food companies play an important role in stemming the rising burden of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Concrete actions taken by these companies include global public commitments to address food reformulation, consumer information, responsible marketing, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and public-private partnerships. These actions are reviewed together with eleven specific PepsiCo goals and commitments that address products, the marketplace, and communities at large. Interim progress on these goals and commitments are discussed as well as constraints hampering faster progress. Further disease prevention depends on increasing implementation of private-public initiatives. PMID:20509876

The business of demographics.

PubMed

Russell, C

1984-06-01

The emergence of "demographics" in the past 15 years is a vital tool for American business research and planning. Tracing demographic trends became important for businesses when traditional consumer markets splintered with the enormous changes since the 1960s in US population growth, age structure, geographic distribution, income, education, living arrangements, and life-styles. The mass of reliable, small-area demographic data needed for market estimates and projections became available with the electronic census--public release of Census Bureau census and survey data on computer tape, beginning with the 1970 census. Census Bureau tapes as well as printed reports and microfiche are now widely accessible at low cost through summary tape processing centers designated by the bureau and its 12 regional offices and State Data Center Program. Data accessibility, plummeting computer costs, and businessess' unfamiliarity with demographics spawned the private data industry. By 1984, 70 private companies were offering demographic services to business clients--customized information repackaged from public data or drawn from proprietary data bases created from such data. Critics protest the for-profit use of public data by companies able to afford expensive mainframe computer technology. Business people defend their rights to public data as taxpaying ceitzens, but they must ensure that the data are indeed used for the public good. They must also question the quality of demographic data generated by private companies. Business' demographic expertise will improve when business schools offer training in demography, as few now do, though 40 of 88 graduate-level demographic programs now include business-oriented courses. Lower cost, easier access to business demographics is growing as more census data become available on microcomputer diskettes and through on-line linkages with large data bases--from private data companies and the Census Bureau itself. A directory of private and public demographic resources is appended, including forecasting, consulting and research services available.

Bipartite Networks of Universities and Companies: Recruiting New Graduates in Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takahashi, Katsuhide; Kobayashi, Yuh; Kondo, Yohei; Takayasu, Hideki; Takayasu, Misako

We investigated the bipartite Universities-Companies Network in Japan in terms of companies' recruitment of new graduates. In Japan, graduates of universities are typically hired by companies upon their graduation. To examine socially accepted ideas about this recruiting system, we combined different types of data on education, recruitment and corporate finance. The hypothesis that graduates from prestigious universities have the advantage of entering excellent companies was verified by examining the determinants of ratio of graduates entering top-ranked companies. Through hierarchical clustering, we obtained classification trees and observed the stability of their structure, as well as interesting changes corresponding to the business climate. We also calculated weighted HITS hub and authority values for each university and company and identified the links between the results of this analysis and those above. Finally, analysis of all the data indicated that excellent companies recruiting many graduates from prestigious universities do not necessarily show superb performance in profit-making and growth.

A Non-Profit University and a For-Profit Consulting Company Partner to a Offer a New Master's Degree

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitney, Gary; Dalton, Thomas M.

2008-01-01

The University of San Diego, School of Business Administration (non-profit university) and the Ken Blanchard Companies (for profit management consulting company) teamed to create the Master of Science in Executive Leadership at USD. Fusing a traditional non-profit university faculty and staff with a for-profit consulting company created a plethora…

Adoption of formal HIV and AIDS workplace policies: an analysis of industry/sector variations.

PubMed

Bakuwa, Rhoda

2010-12-01

Addressing HIV and AIDS is the responsibility of many stakeholders including private sector companies. However, increasing evidence reveals that the majority of companies around the world are yet to acknowledge and respond to HIV and AIDS as a workplace issue. One factor that has been identified in the literature as playing a role in determining whether a company responds to HIV and AIDS, or not, is the industry/sector in which a company operates. This study therefore sought to empirically examine whether in the context of Malawi there were significant variations in the adoption of formal HIV and AIDS workplace policies based on the industry/sector in which a company was operating, as well as analyse the dynamics underlying such variations. Using survey data collected from 152 randomly selected private sector companies in Malawi, the results of this study revealed significant variations in the adoption of HIV and AIDS workplace policies among companies operating in various sectors. Companies in the service sector were leading the adoption compared to companies in other sectors such as the trading sector. Furthermore, the evidence from this study showed that differences in staff participation in the activities of HIV and AIDS institutions may explain the industry/sector variations. These results provide an important avenue to scale up company responses to HIV and AIDS by intensifying staff participation in the activities of HIV and AIDS institutions. Such institutions appear to play a vital role of providing up to date HIV-and AIDS-related information upon which companies are able to develop a business case for responding to the epidemic.

Beyond Quarterly Earnings: Preparing the Business Community for Long-term Climate Risks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carlson, C.; Goldman, G. T.

2014-12-01

The business community stands to be highly impacted by climate change. In both short and long-term timescales, climate change presents material and financial risks to companies in diverse economic sectors. How the private sector accounts for long-term risks while making short-term decisions about operations is a complex challenge. Companies are accountable to shareholders and must report performance to them on a quarterly basis. At the same time, company investors are exposed to long-term climate-related risks and face losses if companies fail to prepare for climate impacts. The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) obligates publicly traded companies to discuss risks that might materially affect their business and since 2010, the agency recommends that companies consider and discuss any significant risks to their business from climate change. Some companies have complied with this guidance and comprehensively analyze potential climate change impacts, yet others fail to consider climate change at all. Such omissions leave companies without plans for addressing future risks and expose investors and the public to potential catastrophic events from climate change impacts. Climate risk projections can inform companies about the vulnerability of their facilities, supply chains, transportation pathways, and other assets. Such projections can help put climate-related risks in terms of material costs for companies and their investors. Focusing on the vulnerability of coastal facilities, we will use climate change impact projections to demonstrate the economic impacts of climate change faced by the private sector. These risks are then compared to company disclosures to the SEC to assess the degree to which companies have considered their vulnerability to climate change. Finally, we will discuss ways that companies can better assess and manage long-term climate risks.

75 FR 74134 - State of Good Repair Bus and Bus Facilities Discretionary Program Funds

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-30

... public agencies, private companies engaged in public transportation, or private non-profit organizations... public transportation bus fleet, infrastructure, and equipment in a state of good repair. Grantees... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Transit Administration State of Good Repair Bus and Bus...

The Outsourcing Question

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sack-Min, Joetta

2008-01-01

It sounds tempting, especially in tough fiscal times: Hand over all the responsibility for food service management to a private company promising to provide nutritious and appetizing meals, keep up with increasingly complex regulations, and perhaps even make a profit. Privatization, or outsourcing, has worked well for some districts for years, but…

Influences on Malaysian pharmacy students' career preferences.

PubMed

Hasan, Syed Shahzad; Kwai Chong, David Weng; Ahmadi, Keivan; Se, Wong Pei; Hassali, Mohammed Azmi; Hata, Ernieda Mohammed; Hadi, Muhammed Abdul; Sridhar, Sathvik Belagodu; Ahmed, Syed Imran; Yean, Low Bee; Efendie, Benny

2010-11-10

To identify and evaluate factors affecting the career preferences of fourth-year bachelor of pharmacy (BPharm) students in Malaysia in the presence of a 4-year period of mandatory government service. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used in this cross-sectional study to collect data from final-year BPharm students enrolled at 3 government-funded universities and 1 private university in Malaysia. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Three hundred fourteen students responded (213 from public universities and 101 from the private university). Approximately 32% of public university students and 37% of private university students ranked their own interest in pharmacy as the reason for undertaking pharmacy degree studies; 40.4% of public and 19.8% of private university respondents stated that they would enter a nonpharmacy-related career upon graduation if given the choice. Public university students ranked hospital pharmacy as their choice of first career setting (4.39, p = 0.001), while private students ranked community pharmacy first (4.1, p = 0.002). On a scale of 1 to 5, salary received the highest mean score (3.9 and 4.0, p = 0.854) as the extrinsic factor most influencing their career choice. Final-year students at Malaysian public universities were most interested in hospital pharmacy practice as their first career step upon graduation, while private university students were most interested in community pharmacy. The top 3 extrinsic factors rated as significant in selecting a career destination were salary, benefits, and geographical location.

Influences on Malaysian Pharmacy Students' Career Preferences

PubMed Central

Kwai Chong, David Weng; Ahmadi, Keivan; Se, Wong Pei; Hassali, Mohammed Azmi; Hata, Ernieda Mohammed; Hadi, Muhammed Abdul; Sridhar, Sathvik Belagodu; Ahmed, Syed Imran; Yean, Low Bee; Efendie, Benny

2010-01-01

Objectives To identify and evaluate factors affecting the career preferences of fourth-year bachelor of pharmacy (BPharm) students in Malaysia in the presence of a 4-year period of mandatory government service. Methods A validated self-administered questionnaire was used in this cross-sectional study to collect data from final-year BPharm students enrolled at 3 government-funded universities and 1 private university in Malaysia. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results Three hundred fourteen students responded (213 from public universities and 101 from the private university). Approximately 32% of public university students and 37% of private university students ranked their own interest in pharmacy as the reason for undertaking pharmacy degree studies; 40.4% of public and 19.8% of private university respondents stated that they would enter a nonpharmacy-related career upon graduation if given the choice. Public university students ranked hospital pharmacy as their choice of first career setting (4.39, p = 0.001), while private students ranked community pharmacy first (4.1, p = 0.002). On a scale of 1 to 5, salary received the highest mean score (3.9 and 4.0, p = 0.854) as the extrinsic factor most influencing their career choice. Conclusions Final-year students at Malaysian public universities were most interested in hospital pharmacy practice as their first career step upon graduation, while private university students were most interested in community pharmacy. The top 3 extrinsic factors rated as significant in selecting a career destination were salary, benefits, and geographical location. PMID:21301600

COTS/CRS: KSC Evolving Host Initiatives with Commercial Space Partners

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Yohpe, Megan

2010-01-01

NASA's Commercial Crew and Cargo Program Office (C3PO) leads the agency's commercial efforts to stimulate United States private companies as the shuttle program comes to a close. Through the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program, two companies, SpaceX and Orbital, were selected to demonstrate their ability to perform flights to the International Space Station. The Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) Project leverages off the COTS experience, and awarded these two private companies contracts to resupply the International Space Station after shuttle fly out. As a 2010 summer intern, I supported the COTS/CRS team in their team meetings, attended and contributed to project discussions and planning, and assisted in developing visual representations for the variety of processes and organizational endeavors required for the program to run smoothly. One aspect of the COTS/CRS program gives the involved private companies the opportunity to request available services from Kennedy Space Center (KSC); one of my projects included assisting in the development of a related Task Order Request (TOR) process. In addition, an integral part of the project was to maintain and enhance the team database for processing the variety of TORS. My experience in the project gave me great insight into the growing field of commercial space activities. The development of the TOR process involved coordinating representatives from a variety of backgrounds at KSC. A clear and concise visual representation of the TOR process in the form of a flow chart was necessary to successfully implement a task order request from one of NASA's commercial partners. The goals of the process charts were to communicate the team's ideas and foster a common thought process while at the same time allow the process to grow and evolve. It was critical that the requests from the private companies were addressed quickly and thoroughly as the process developed this summer is expected to have extensive future use.

Insurance Companies’ Perspectives on the Orphan Drug Pipeline

PubMed Central

Handfield, Robert; Feldstein, Josh

2013-01-01

Background Rare diseases are of increasing concern to private and public healthcare insurance plans. Largely neglected by manufacturers before the 1983 passing of the Orphan Drug Act (ODA), orphan drugs have become a commercialization target of steadily increasing importance to the healthcare industry. The ODA mandates the coverage of rare diseases, which are defined in research communities as diseases that are so infrequent that there is no reasonable expectation of a drugmaker recovering the cost of developing that drug. Objectives To determine the views of leading commercial US payers regarding providing access to and coverage for orphan drugs; to assess whether and to what degree cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is viewed by payers as relevant to rare disease coverage. Methods The study sample was identified through a call for action sent by America's Health Insurance Plans to its members, resulting in 4 interviews conducted and 3 completed surveys from a total of 7 companies. These 7 US health insurance companies represent approximately 75% of the US private insurance market by revenue and include approximately 157 million covered lives (using self-reported data from insurance companies). Representatives of 3 companies responded to the survey, and representatives of 4 companies were interviewed via the phone. The interviews were conducted with subject matter experts at each company and included 2 senior vice presidents of a pharmacy program, 1 chief medical director, and 1 head of pharmacoeconomics. The surveys were completed by 1 vice president of clinical pharmacy strategy, 1 chief pharmacy director, and 1 medical director. Results Based on the responses in this study, approximately 67% of US private insurance companies are concerned about orphan drugs, but only approximately 17% have developed meaningful strategies for addressing the cost of orphan drugs. Of the companies who do have such a strategy, 100% are unsure how to determine the best economic assessment tools to control orphan drug costs, and two thirds are relying on prior authorization as a means to control costs. More than 80% of the companies are not using cost-effectiveness methodologies with regard to rare diseases, generally because of a lack of the availability of medicines to facilitate such comparisons. CEA is used by less than 20% of our study sample of payers in dealing with orphan drug policies. Conclusions Evaluating cost-effectiveness is a valuable strategy for payers seeking to facilitate appropriate access and coverage decision-making related to orphan drugs, but it is not well understood or adapted by private insurance companies. Health economists, along with providers and payers, must work together to design rational methodologies to evaluate the value of orphan drugs, perhaps by adopting cost-effectiveness methodologies to consider a compound's total research and development and commercialization demands relative to its cost-effectiveness. PMID:24991385

The High Cost of Saving Energy Dollars.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rose, Patricia

1985-01-01

In alternative financing a private company provides the capital and expertise for improving school energy efficiency. Savings are split between the school system and the company. Options for municipal leasing, cost sharing, and shared savings are explained along with financial, procedural, and legal considerations. (MLF)

Enterprise Return on a Training Investment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doucouliagos, Chris; Sgro, Pasquale

The return on investment (ROI) obtained by enterprises that invest in training was examined through case studies of seven Australian work organizations. The case study organizations included a government-owned transportation company, a privately owned company, a major nongovernmental charitable organization, a publicly listed corporation, and two…

Disposition of right of way abandoned by private turnpike companies.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1988-01-01

From the late 1700s through the early 1900s Virginia chartered hundreds of joint stock companies to build turnpike roads throughout the Commonwealth. Some of these roads were well travelled and well maintained. Many are still in use today and are par...

TGS pipeline primed for Argentine growth, CEO says

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Share, J.

Nowhere in Latin America has the privatization process been more aggressively pursued than in Argentina where President Carlos Menem has successfully turned over the bulk of state companies to the private sector. In the energy sector, that meant the divestiture in 1992 of Gas del Estado, the state-owned integrated gas transportation and distribution company. It was split in two transportation companies: Transportadora de Gas del Sur (TGS) and Transportadora de Gas del Norte (TGN), and eight distribution companies. TGS is the largest transporter of natural gas in Argentina, delivering more than 60 percent of that nation`s total gas consumption withmore » a capacity of 1.9 Bcf/d. This is the second in a series of Pipeline and Gas Journal special reports that discuss the evolving strategies of the natural gas industry as it continues to restructure amid deregulation. The article focuses on TGS, the Argentine pipeline system in which Enron Corp. is a key participant.« less

Do public nursing home care providers deliver higher quality than private providers? Evidence from Sweden.

PubMed

Winblad, Ulrika; Blomqvist, Paula; Karlsson, Andreas

2017-07-14

Swedish nursing home care has undergone a transformation, where the previous virtual public monopoly on providing such services has been replaced by a system of mixed provision. This has led to a rapidly growing share of private actors, the majority of which are large, for-profit firms. In the wake of this development, concerns have been voiced regarding the implications for care quality. In this article, we investigate the relationship between ownership and care quality in nursing homes for the elderly by comparing quality levels between public, for-profit, and non-profit nursing home care providers. We also look at a special category of for-profit providers; private equity companies. The source of data is a national survey conducted by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare in 2011 at 2710 nursing homes. Data from 14 quality indicators are analyzed, including structure and process measures such as staff levels, staff competence, resident participation, and screening for pressure ulcers, nutrition status, and risk of falling. The main statistical method employed is multiple OLS regression analysis. We differentiate in the analysis between structural and processual quality measures. The results indicate that public nursing homes have higher quality than privately operated homes with regard to two structural quality measures: staffing levels and individual accommodation. Privately operated nursing homes, on the other hand, tend to score higher on process-based quality indicators such as medication review and screening for falls and malnutrition. No significant differences were found between different ownership categories of privately operated nursing homes. Ownership does appear to be related to quality outcomes in Swedish nursing home care, but the results are mixed and inconclusive. That staffing levels, which has been regarded as a key quality indicator in previous research, are higher in publicly operated homes than private is consistent with earlier findings. The fact that privately operated homes, including those operated by for-profit companies, had higher processual quality is more unexpected, given previous research. Finally, no significant quality differences were found between private ownership types, i.e. for-profit, non-profit, and private equity companies, which indicates that profit motives are less important for determining quality in Swedish nursing home care than in other countries where similar studies have been carried out.

Balancing the benefits and risks of public-private partnerships to address the global double burden of malnutrition.

PubMed

Kraak, Vivica I; Harrigan, Paige B; Lawrence, Mark; Harrison, Paul J; Jackson, Michaela A; Swinburn, Boyd

2012-03-01

Transnational food, beverage and restaurant companies, and their corporate foundations, may be potential collaborators to help address complex public health nutrition challenges. While UN system guidelines are available for private-sector engagement, non-governmental organizations (NGO) have limited guidelines to navigate diverse opportunities and challenges presented by partnering with these companies through public-private partnerships (PPP) to address the global double burden of malnutrition. We conducted a search of electronic databases, UN system websites and grey literature to identify resources about partnerships used to address the global double burden of malnutrition. A narrative summary provides a synthesis of the interdisciplinary literature identified. We describe partnership opportunities, benefits and challenges; and tools and approaches to help NGO engage with the private sector to address global public health nutrition challenges. PPP benefits include: raising the visibility of nutrition and health on policy agendas; mobilizing funds and advocating for research; strengthening food-system processes and delivery systems; facilitating technology transfer; and expanding access to medications, vaccines, healthy food and beverage products, and nutrition assistance during humanitarian crises. PPP challenges include: balancing private commercial interests with public health interests; managing conflicts of interest; ensuring that co-branded activities support healthy products and healthy eating environments; complying with ethical codes of conduct; assessing partnership compatibility; and evaluating partnership outcomes. NGO should adopt a systematic and transparent approach using available tools and processes to maximize benefits and minimize risks of partnering with transnational food, beverage and restaurant companies to effectively target the global double burden of malnutrition.

A new face for private providers in developing countries: what implications for public health?

PubMed

Palmer, Natasha; Mills, Anne; Wadee, Haroon; Gilson, Lucy; Schneider, Helen

2003-01-01

The use of private health care providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is widespread and is the subject of considerable debate. We review here a new model of private primary care provision emerging in South Africa, in which commercial companies provide standardized primary care services at relatively low cost. The structure and operation of one such company is described, and features of service delivery are compared with the most probable alternatives: a private general practitioner or a public sector clinic. In a case study of cost and quality of services, the clinics were popular with service users and run at a cost per visit comparable to public sector primary care clinics. However, their current role in tackling important public health problems was limited. The implications for public health policy of the emergence of this new model of private provider are discussed. It is argued that encouraging the use of such clinics by those who can afford to pay for them might not help to improve care available for the poorest population groups, which are an important priority for the government. Encouraging such providers to compete for government funding could, however, be desirable if the range of services presently offered, and those able to access them, could be broadened. However, the constraints to implementing such a system successfully are notable, and these are acknowledged. Even without such contractual arrangements, these companies provide an important lesson to the public sector that acceptability of services to users and low-cost service delivery are not incompatible objectives.

A new face for private providers in developing countries: what implications for public health?

PubMed Central

Palmer, Natasha; Mills, Anne; Wadee, Haroon; Gilson, Lucy; Schneider, Helen

2003-01-01

The use of private health care providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is widespread and is the subject of considerable debate. We review here a new model of private primary care provision emerging in South Africa, in which commercial companies provide standardized primary care services at relatively low cost. The structure and operation of one such company is described, and features of service delivery are compared with the most probable alternatives: a private general practitioner or a public sector clinic. In a case study of cost and quality of services, the clinics were popular with service users and run at a cost per visit comparable to public sector primary care clinics. However, their current role in tackling important public health problems was limited. The implications for public health policy of the emergence of this new model of private provider are discussed. It is argued that encouraging the use of such clinics by those who can afford to pay for them might not help to improve care available for the poorest population groups, which are an important priority for the government. Encouraging such providers to compete for government funding could, however, be desirable if the range of services presently offered, and those able to access them, could be broadened. However, the constraints to implementing such a system successfully are notable, and these are acknowledged. Even without such contractual arrangements, these companies provide an important lesson to the public sector that acceptability of services to users and low-cost service delivery are not incompatible objectives. PMID:12764496

Corporate Governance and Intellectual Capital: Evidence from Public and Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wahid, Akma Hidayu Dol Abdu; Abu, Nor Asyiqin; Latif, Wannoraini Abdul; Smith, Malcolm

2013-01-01

This study was conducted to examine the perception of academics towards intellectual capital (IC) and governance practice at two Malaysian universities: University A (a Public University) and University B (a Private University). It also examines the factors which contribute to the retention of qualified academics and the relationship between…

Federacion de Universidades Privadas de America Central y Panama: Boletin Estadistico (Federation of Private Universities of Central America and Panama: Statistical Bulletin).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Serrano, Jorge A.

This statistical bulletin provides details on the universities belonging to the Federation of Private Universities of Central America and Panama (FUPAC): Central American University, Rafael Landivar University, Saint John's College, University of Santa Maria La Antigua, Jose Simeon Canas University, Doctor Mariano Galvez University, and the…

Magnetic resonance imaging in Mexico

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodriguez, A. O.; Rojas, R.; Barrios, F. A.

2001-10-01

MR imaging has experienced an important growth worldwide and in particular in the USA and Japan. This imaging technique has also shown an important rise in the number of MR imagers in Mexico. However, the development of MRI has followed a typical way of Latin American countries, which is very different from the path shown in the industrialised countries. Despite the fact that Mexico was one the very first countries to install and operate MR imagers in the world, it still lacks of qualified clinical and technical personnel. Since the first MR scanner started to operate, the number of units has grown at a moderate space that now sums up approximately 60 system installed nationwide. Nevertheless, there are no official records of the number of MR units operating, physicians and technicians involved in this imaging modality. The MRI market is dominated by two important companies: General Electric (approximately 51%) and Siemens (approximately 17.5%), the rest is shared by other five companies. According to the field intensity, medium-field systems (0.5 Tesla) represent 60% while a further 35% are 1.0 T or higher. Almost all of these units are in private hospitals and clinics: there is no high-field MR imagers in any public hospital. Because the political changes in the country, a new public plan for health care is still in the process and will be published soon this year. This plan will be determined by the new Congress. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and president Fox. Experience acquired in the past shows that the demand for qualified professionals will grow in the new future. Therefore, systematic training of clinical and technical professionals will be in high demand to meet the needs of this technique. The National University (UNAM) and the Metropolitan University (UAM-Iztapalapa) are collaborating with diverse clinical groups in private facilities to create a systematic training program and carry out research and development in MRI

More "Private" than Private Institutions: Public Institutions of Higher Education and Financial Management

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, Olin L., III; Robichaux, Rebecca R.; Guarino, A. J.

2010-01-01

This research compares the status of managerial accounting practices in public four-year colleges and universities and in private four-year colleges and universities. The investigators surveyed a national sample of chief financial officers (CFOs) at two points in time, 1998-99 and 2003-04. In 1998-99 CFOs representing private institutions reported…

Fuel cell programs in the United States for stationary power applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Singer, M.

1996-04-01

The Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, is participating with the private sector in sponsoring the development of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technologies for application in the utility, commercial and industrial sectors. Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) development was sponsored by the Office of Fossil Energy in previous years and is now being commercialized by the private sector. Private sector participants with the Department of Energy include the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), the Gas Research institute (GRI), electric and gas utilities, universities, manufacturing companies and their suppliers. through continued governmentmore » and private sector support, fuel cell systems are emerging power generation technologies which are expected to have significant worldwide impacts. An industry with annual sales of over a billion dollars is envisioned early in the 21st century. PAFC power plants have begun to enter the marketplace and MCFC and SOFC power plants are expected to be ready to enter the marketplace in the late 1990s. In support of the efficient and effective use of our natural resources, the fuel cell program seeks to increase energy efficiency and economic effectiveness of power generation. This is to be accomplished through effectiveness of power generation. This is accomplished through the development and commercialization of cost-effective, efficient and environmentally desirable fuel cell systems which will operate on fossil fuels in multiple and end use sectors.« less

Political Exclusion and Violence: The Islamist movement in Egypt

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-09-01

state-run coffers, some of it went into new Islamic banks and investment companies . Wickham states that this “private economy was effectively...210. 138 Ibid. 67 return. Usury is forbidden in the Quran and thus is not permissible. Nevertheless, some Islamic banks or investment companies ...run a campaign against these companies . Egyptian newspapers that had earlier run advertisements for these financial institutions now ran columns

Constructing a European healthcare market: the private healthcare company Capio and the strategic aspect of the drive for transparency.

PubMed

Blomgren, Maria; Sundén, Eva

2008-11-01

This article analyses the private healthcare company Capio and its participation in the drive for transparency in the European healthcare field. An important point of departure for the paper is that technologies for transparency, such as accounting and auditing, are not neutral devices for increased openness, but carry with them programmatic dimensions that affect our norms and rules of how healthcare is to be organized and controlled. The drive for transparency engages different actors with various motives. To investigate this we carried out semi-structured interviews with 11 persons, mainly management members of Capio. We show that transparency in healthcare has been put forward by a private actor for strategic reasons. We argue that Capio's involvement in the drive for transparency should be seen as a 'second-order strategy' with the aim to create advantageous opportunities in a future European healthcare market. We show that Capio, through its propagation of various transparency technologies, has put forward programmatic ideals of industrialisation, marketisation and Europeanisation in healthcare. The main conclusion is that although Capio has engaged in the drive for transparency for business reasons, the company has also furthered certain political ideals in the field. This study contributes to the literature which problematizes the division between private and public, and between business and politics in healthcare, and is of interest to a broad health policy audience.

Fundraising Practices of the University of California, the California State University, and California Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karsevar, Kent J.

2012-01-01

Factors such as a declining tax revenues and an underperforming economy have been justifying the need for additional external private funding to meet the increasing needs of a growing California higher education system and ethnically diverse student body. The purpose of this study was to examine ways in which California private higher education…

A Comparison of SERVQUAL and I-P Analysis: Measuring and Improving Service Quality in Egyptian Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mostafa, Mohamed M.

2006-01-01

The overall purpose of this research is to further our understanding of how students perceive service quality in Egypt's private universities. The paper also tests the SERVQUAL dimensions in higher education within an Arab, non-Western context. A sample of 508 students from four private universities in Egypt participated in the study. Student…

Developing Speaking Skills of Adult Learners in Private Universities in Bangladesh: Problems and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farooqui, Sabrin

2007-01-01

The globalisation of English and a growing demand for good English-speaking skills in the job market in particular have been placing a greater emphasis on the teaching of English speaking skills in Bangladesh. The private universities emphasise developing English skills. It seems that students of public and private universities have the same level…

Ethical Issues in Expert Opinions and Testimony.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weed, Roger O.

2000-01-01

This article provides an overview of ethical issues in private for-profit practice, with particular focus on expert testimony, using examples from a sample of claims filed with the National Association of Rehabilitation Professionals in the Private Sector and malpractice insurance companies. Complaints most frequently involve issues related to…

76 FR 8265 - Conformance Period for Entities Engaged in Prohibited Proprietary Trading or Private Equity Fund...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-14

... private equity fund's organizational documents, marketing materials, or investment policy provide for the... nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board must bring their activities and investments into... investments shall be subject to additional capital requirements, quantitative limits, or other restrictions.\\4...

Public Science and Participatory Policy Development: Reclaiming Policy as a Democratic Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fine, Michelle; Ayala, Jennifer; Zaal, Mayida

2012-01-01

People witness today in the US what might be considered a "generous hijacking" of educational policy. Policy debates on charters, vouchers, for profit schools, testing and evaluation companies, and "education reform" reveal a triple privatization of educational policy. Varied enactments of educational privatization dot the…

76 FR 68819 - State of Good Repair Bus and Bus Facilities Discretionary Program Funds

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-07

... that are public agencies, private companies engaged in public transportation, or private non-profit... Table 1 will provide funds to help maintain the nation's public transportation bus fleet, infrastructure... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Transit Administration State of Good Repair Bus and Bus...

Distribution Tables and Private Tests: The Failure of Middle School Reform in Japan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LeTendre, Gerald K.

1994-01-01

In November 1992, Japanese Ministry of Education declared middle school teachers could no longer use distribution tables produced by private testing companies to predetermine high school students' curricula. Failure to implement reform stems from structural and cultural roots. By presorting students and molding their expectations, traditional…

13 CFR 107.230 - Permitted sources of Private Capital for Licensees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Permitted sources of Private Capital for Licensees. 107.230 Section 107.230 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES Qualifying for an SBIC License Capitalizing An Sbic § 107.230...

13 CFR 107.1560 - Distributions by Licensee-required Distributions to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-required Distributions to private investors and SBA. 107.1560 Section 107.1560 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

13 CFR 107.1570 - Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-optional Distribution to private investors and SBA. 107.1570 Section 107.1570 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for Licensees...

Partnerships for progress at the U.S. Geological Survey

USGS Publications Warehouse

,

1995-01-01

This is about opportunity for the private sector. It is about combining the research capabilities of Government scientists with the commercial development potential of private companies. It is, consequently, about partnerships leading to products and services to enhance the quality of life and strengthen the American economy.

49 CFR 604.13 - Registration of private charter operators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... provider: (1) Company name, address, phone number, e-mail address, and facsimile number; (2) Federal and, if available, state motor carrier identifying number; (3) The geographic service areas of public... intends to provide charter service; (4) The number of buses or vans the private charter operator owns; (5...

49 CFR 604.13 - Registration of private charter operators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... provider: (1) Company name, address, phone number, e-mail address, and facsimile number; (2) Federal and, if available, state motor carrier identifying number; (3) The geographic service areas of public... intends to provide charter service; (4) The number of buses or vans the private charter operator owns; (5...

49 CFR 604.13 - Registration of private charter operators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... provider: (1) Company name, address, phone number, e-mail address, and facsimile number; (2) Federal and, if available, state motor carrier identifying number; (3) The geographic service areas of public... intends to provide charter service; (4) The number of buses or vans the private charter operator owns; (5...

49 CFR 604.13 - Registration of private charter operators.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... provider: (1) Company name, address, phone number, e-mail address, and facsimile number; (2) Federal and, if available, state motor carrier identifying number; (3) The geographic service areas of public... intends to provide charter service; (4) The number of buses or vans the private charter operator owns; (5...

Private Industry and the Disadvantaged Worker.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shelly (E.F.) and Co., New York, NY.

Although publicized figures indicate that private industry has hired over 100,000 "hard-core" nationally, this study identified less than 10,000 persons who were receiving special training. Data on the successes, failures and problems of training programs were obtained by questionnaire from 224 companies with a total work force of over…

Financing a voucher program for cocaine abusers through community donations in Spain.

PubMed

García-Rodríguez, Olaya; Secades-Villa, Roberto; Higgins, Stephen T; Fernández-Hermida, José R; Carballo, José L

2008-01-01

This study analyzed the viability of financing a voucher program for cocaine addicts in Spain through public and private donations. Of the 136 companies contacted, 52 (38%) provided donations. The difference between the benefits (15,670 Euro/ $20,371) and the costs (3734 Euro/ $4854) was 11,936 Euro/ $15,517. The type of reinforcer a company can offer, the size of the company, and the time elapsed before responding may be determining variables in a company's decision whether to collaborate.

Knowledge and Perception about Pharmacovigilance among Pharmacy Students of Universities in Sana’a Yemen

PubMed Central

Othman, Gamil Qasem; Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed; Alshakka, Mohammed; Ansari, Mukhtar; Al-Qadasi, Farouk

2017-01-01

Introduction Pharmacists in community or hospital setting play a key role in reporting Adverse Drug Reaction (ADRs) during practice. Under reporting is considered as a profession malpractice worldwide. Aim To determine the level of knowledge and perception about phramacovigilance and ADRs reporting among final year pharmacy students of Universities in Sana’a Yemen. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 385 final year pharmacy students. One public and four private universities were selected randomly using a validated self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained data about student demographic data, knowledge and perception about the ADRs. The data was analysed by SPSS program and Chi-square tests were used to assess the significance of association. Results The male students were more knowledgeable than female (p=0.035), as well as private university students had better ideas on how to report ADRs than public university students (p=0.009). Private university students reported that pharmacovigilance topic is well covered in their curriculum compared to public university students (p≤0.001). A significant difference was seen amongst the students of public and private universities when asked about reporting ADRs in future, former found more confident (p≤0.001). Furthermore, the private university students also had more command on the concept of post-marketing surveillance than public university students (p≤0.001). The private university students in Yemen were more known to causality assessment of ADRs as compared to the students of public universities (p≤0.001). The results of perception revealed regarding perception toward ADRs and pharmacovigilance. Female students (p≤0.018) and private universities students (p≤0.001) had positive perception than male and public university students respectively. Conclusion The findings showed poor knowledge among students in Sana’a Universities and positive perception towards pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. A poor knowledge among the future pharmacists suggests need for educational interventions and improvement of strategies to ease the reporting mechanisms. Steps can be taken to improve pharmacovigilance tools and methods in Yemen as well as incorporating subjects of pharmacovigilance in the health faculty’s curriculum in Yemen. PMID:28764191

Knowledge and Perception about Pharmacovigilance among Pharmacy Students of Universities in Sana'a Yemen.

PubMed

Othman, Gamil Qasem; Ibrahim, Mohamed Izham Mohamed; Alshakka, Mohammed; Ansari, Mukhtar; Al-Qadasi, Farouk; Halboup, Abdulsalam M

2017-06-01

Pharmacists in community or hospital setting play a key role in reporting Adverse Drug Reaction (ADRs) during practice. Under reporting is considered as a profession malpractice worldwide. To determine the level of knowledge and perception about phramacovigilance and ADRs reporting among final year pharmacy students of Universities in Sana'a Yemen. A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 385 final year pharmacy students. One public and four private universities were selected randomly using a validated self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained data about student demographic data, knowledge and perception about the ADRs. The data was analysed by SPSS program and Chi-square tests were used to assess the significance of association. The male students were more knowledgeable than female (p=0.035), as well as private university students had better ideas on how to report ADRs than public university students (p=0.009). Private university students reported that pharmacovigilance topic is well covered in their curriculum compared to public university students (p≤0.001). A significant difference was seen amongst the students of public and private universities when asked about reporting ADRs in future, former found more confident (p≤0.001). Furthermore, the private university students also had more command on the concept of post-marketing surveillance than public university students (p≤0.001). The private university students in Yemen were more known to causality assessment of ADRs as compared to the students of public universities (p≤0.001). The results of perception revealed regarding perception toward ADRs and pharmacovigilance. Female students (p≤0.018) and private universities students (p≤0.001) had positive perception than male and public university students respectively. The findings showed poor knowledge among students in Sana'a Universities and positive perception towards pharmacovigilance and ADRs reporting. A poor knowledge among the future pharmacists suggests need for educational interventions and improvement of strategies to ease the reporting mechanisms. Steps can be taken to improve pharmacovigilance tools and methods in Yemen as well as incorporating subjects of pharmacovigilance in the health faculty's curriculum in Yemen.

RETRAINING BY PRIVATE INDUSTRY.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

HOOS, IDA R.

SEVERAL SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA COMPANIES WERE EXAMINED FOR SPECIFIC PROGRAMS FOR DISPLACED EMPLOYEES. ARMOUR AND COMPANY SOUGHT TO GUIDE DISPLACED EMPLOYEES TO CLASSES OR COURSES OF ACTION OUTSIDE ITS OWN SPHERE OF OPERATION. LOCKHEED HAS PROVIDED UNUSUALLY WELL FOR UPGRADING AND RETRAINING, MAINLY BECAUSE OF INDUSTRY FLUCTUATIONS AND RAPID…

Strategic Value of Water to the National Guard

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-04

These companies and others, such as Nestlé, a Swiss owned company, are also well established in the U.S. bottled water industry. Privatization... cheese  This does not include condiments, pickles, onions, lettuce, and tomatoes.44 29 Figure C‐2. Numeric change in resident population for

The Cascade Forestry Service Nursery

Treesearch

Don Westefer

2002-01-01

Cascade Forestry Service, Inc., is a private reforestation nursery and service company that has grown from a shoestring operation into an employee-owned company that both produces reforestation trees and assists landowners with forestry development and management. The Northeastern Forest and Conservation Nursery Association has proven instrumental in Cascade Forestry...

13 CFR 108.230 - Private Capital for NMVC Companies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Company, plus unfunded binding commitments by Institutional Investors (including commitments evidenced by... Federal agency or department. (4) Any portion of a commitment from an Institutional Investor with a net... commitment from an investor if SBA determines that the collectability of the commitment is questionable. (d...

Satisfaction of staff of Swiss insurance companies with medical appraisals: a cross sectional study.

PubMed

Eichler, Klaus; Imhof, Daniel; Bollag, Yvonne; Stöhr, Susanna; Gyr, Niklaus; Auerbach, Holger

2011-03-28

A high quality of timely delivered medical appraisals is crucial for social and other insurances to judge possible occupational reintegration measures for patients with medical conditions who are in danger to lose their job. However, little is known about the satisfaction of staff of insurance companies with medical appraisals that they have commissioned.Our questionnaire survey prospectively included all medical appraisals arriving at Swiss insurances from FEB to APR 2008. We assessed the satisfaction of the commissioner with medical appraisals performed by medical assessors. In addition, we evaluated the contribution of several factors to overall satisfaction. The unit of sample was the medical appraisal. We analysed 3165 medical appraisals, 2444 (77%) of them from the public disability insurance, 678 (22%) from private accident, liability and loss of income insurances and 43 (1%) from other insurances. Overall satisfaction of staff of insurance companies in Switzerland was high, but satisfaction of the disability insurance with appraisals was generally lower compared to satisfaction of private insurances. The staff of the disability insurance judged time for preparation as too long in 30%. For staff of private insurance companies 20% of appraisals were not "worth its price". Well-grounded and comprehensible conclusions were the single most important factor for high overall satisfaction (OR 10.1; 95%-CI: 1.1-89.3). From the viewpoint of staff of insurance companies, a relevant part of medical appraisals arrives too late. Medical assessors have to take the specific needs of insurances into account, to perform more appraisals with sound conclusions in due time.

Satisfaction of staff of Swiss insurance companies with medical appraisals: a cross sectional study

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background A high quality of timely delivered medical appraisals is crucial for social and other insurances to judge possible occupational reintegration measures for patients with medical conditions who are in danger to lose their job. However, little is known about the satisfaction of staff of insurance companies with medical appraisals that they have commissioned. Our questionnaire survey prospectively included all medical appraisals arriving at Swiss insurances from FEB to APR 2008. We assessed the satisfaction of the commissioner with medical appraisals performed by medical assessors. In addition, we evaluated the contribution of several factors to overall satisfaction. The unit of sample was the medical appraisal. Findings We analysed 3165 medical appraisals, 2444 (77%) of them from the public disability insurance, 678 (22%) from private accident, liability and loss of income insurances and 43 (1%) from other insurances. Overall satisfaction of staff of insurance companies in Switzerland was high, but satisfaction of the disability insurance with appraisals was generally lower compared to satisfaction of private insurances. The staff of the disability insurance judged time for preparation as too long in 30%. For staff of private insurance companies 20% of appraisals were not "worth its price". Well-grounded and comprehensible conclusions were the single most important factor for high overall satisfaction (OR 10.1; 95%-CI: 1.1-89.3). Conclusions From the viewpoint of staff of insurance companies, a relevant part of medical appraisals arrives too late. Medical assessors have to take the specific needs of insurances into account, to perform more appraisals with sound conclusions in due time. PMID:21443762

Predictors of sickness absence in college and university educated self-employed: a historic register study

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background Despite a large proportion of the workforce being self-employed, few studies have been conducted on risk factors for sickness absence in this population. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for future sickness absence in a population of college and university educated self-employed. Methods In a historic register study based on insurance company files risk factors were identified by means of logistic regression analysis. Data collected at application for private disability insurance from 634 applicants were related to subsequent sickness absence periods of 30 days or more during a follow-up period of 7.95 years. Variables studied were self-reported lifestyle variables, variables concerning medical history and present health conditions and variables derived from the general medical examination including blood tests and urinary analysis. Results Results from analysis of data from 634 applicants for private disability insurance show that previous periods of sickness absence (OR 2.07), female gender (OR 2.04), health complaints listed in the health declaration (OR 1.88), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (OR 4.05) and the nature of the profession were related to a higher risk of sickness absence. Conclusions Sickness absence was found to be related to demographic variables (gender, profession), medical variables (health complaints and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and to variables with both a medical and a behavioural component (previous sickness absence). PMID:24886527

Science Shaping Sustainable Finance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rodriguez Osuna, V.; Vorosmarty, C. J.; Koehler, D.; Klop, P.; Spengler, J.; Buonocore, J.; Cak, A. D.; Tessler, Z. D.; Corsi, F.; Green, P. A.; Sánchez, R.

2017-12-01

Sustainable investment is confronting a period of rapid growth and fundamental change. However, the methods used to evaluate corporate sustainability are failing to keep pace with this new reality. In contrast to the 1990s when corporate data on pollution or occupational health were not available in the public domain, today's investors can take advantage of rich data streams, owing to voluntary corporate disclosures of their business practices. Yet, the data companies declare are hardly standardized, difficult to verify, and thus run the risk of creating unreliable assertions, a form of "green-washing". A partnership comprising a pension fund, an asset manager and two research universities has created a science-based approach to quantify context and place it into a decision-making framework for investors. We have tested this framework on US$2.5 billion of assets held by a large European pension fund with an initial focus on four domains—water, climate change, human health and food security. Our standardized metrics enable coherent comparison of individual company and portfolios over time. To place a company's impact on water systems or climate change into context requires geographically co-locating company operations, combining these with estimates of industrial emissions or mitigation potential, baseline Earth system science data and geopolitical and demographic statistics. Recent developments regarding the Paris Accord are a warning that progress toward a sustainable future requires rethinking the roles that the public and private sectors can play in effecting meaningful change. The finance sector, if given the proper guideposts, could rapidly transform fraught public policy challenges like climate adaptation or the global loss of biodiversity into business opportunities. By utilizing a science-based yardstick to evaluate and compare companies on the basis of their impacts, attention could be drawn to companies that are verifiably contributing to sustainability.

Women in Leadership: Factors That Affect the Achievement of Women in Higher Education Administration at Four-Year Public and Private Universities in Texas

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ramirez, Dawn Marie

2012-01-01

The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the factors that affect women administrators in higher education at four-year public and private universities in Texas. By comparing private and public universities, the research provided an assessment of similarities and differences of the factors impacting achievement of women in higher…

Keeping Track Every Step of the Way

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2001-01-01

Knowledge Sharing Systems, Inc., a producer of intellectual assets management software systems for the federal government, universities, non-profit laboratories, and private companies, constructed and presently manages the NASA Technology Tracking System, also known as TechTracS. Under contract to Langley Research Center, TechTracS identifies and captures all NASA technologies, manages the patent prosecution process, and then tracks their progress en route to commercialization. The system supports all steps involved in various technology transfer activities, and is considered the premier intellectual asset management system used in the federal government today. NASA TechTracS consists of multiple relational databases and web servers, located at each of the 10 field centers, as well as NASA Headquarters. The system is capable of supporting the following functions: planning commercial technologies; commercialization activities; reporting new technologies and inventions; and processing and tracking intellectual property rights, licensing, partnerships, awards, and success stories. NASA TechTracS is critical to the Agency's ongoing mission to commercialize its revolutionary technologies in a variety of sectors within private industry, both aerospace and non- aerospace.

Can Public Research Universities Compete? Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.17.06

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brint, Steven

2006-01-01

Many leaders of public research universities worry about falling behind private research universities at a time when private university finances have improved dramatically and state support for higher education has declined. In this paper, I provide grounds for a more optimistic view of the competitive position of public research universities. I…

From university to company: education of optical communications in cooperation with industry at Technical University of Ostrava

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasinek, Vladimir; Skapa, Jan; Siska, Petr; Hanacek, Frantisek; Latal, Jan; Koudelka, Petr; Petrikova, Iva

2009-06-01

Paper deals with cooperation between companies and university, especially with interactions companies and students, companies and pedagogues. At present it is possible to observe insufficient level of practical skills and knowledge among students and their pedagogues, there is no articulation for companies' demands. We try to solve this situation with the help of pilot compartment. Its main task is to associate university teachers, graduate students and companies` specialists. Within the scope activities of the compartment is to prepare one or two day's long special courses. Their mass point is focused to practical training; prepare conditions for trainee-ships dedicated to teachers and students on one side and special courses for technicians, dealers and companies' management on the other. The main goal of this compartment is an interconnection between university education and requirements out coming from praxis. There are many ways of how to fulfill such cooperation.

A survey of reimbursement practices of private health insurance companies for pharmaceuticals not covered under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme 2008.

PubMed

Lingaratnam, Senthil M; Kirsa, Sue W; Mellor, James D; Jackson, John; Crellin, Wallace; Fitzsimons, Michael; Zalcberg, John R

2011-05-01

To describe the current practices and policy of Australian private health insurance (PHI) companies with respect to cover for pharmaceuticals not subsidised under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). A 2008 review of web-published policy statements for top-level hospital and comprehensive general treatment insurance, and survey of reimbursement practices by way of questionnaire, of 31 Australian-registered, open-membership PHI companies. Description of the level of pharmaceutical cover and important considerations identified by PHI companies for funding non-PBS pharmaceuticals through benefit entitlements or ex-gratia payments. Nine of thirty-one PHI companies (29%) provided responses accounting for ~60% market share of PHI. The majority of smaller PHI firms either declined participation or did not respond. The maximum limits offered for non-PBS pharmaceuticals, under comprehensive general treatment insurance, varied significantly and typically did not adequately cover high-cost pharmaceuticals. Some companies occasionally offered ex-gratia payments (or discretionary payments in excess of the policyholder's entitlement benefits) for high cost-pharmaceuticals. Factors considered important in their decision to approve or reject ex-gratia requests were provided. All results were de-identified. There is little consistency across PHI companies in the manner in which they handle requests for high-cost pharmaceuticals in excess of the defined benefit limits. Such information and processes are not transparent to consumers.

Behavioural Constraints on Practices of Auditing in Nigeria (BCPAN)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akpomi, Margaret E.; Amesi, Joy

2009-01-01

This research was conducted to determine the behavioural constraints on practices of auditing (BCPAN) in Nigeria and to proffer strategies for making incidence of auditing (internal and external auditors) more effective. Thirty-seven administrators drawn from some public limited liability companies, private companies and tertiary institutions were…

Japanese Research Institutes Funded by Private Corporations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-12-01

makeup for market in the fall of 1980. The Food Department of the company commercialized nonfried instant noodles for the first time in the industry...This type of instant noodles is most popular. The research and development costs of the company in 1980 amounted to 1.5% of the total sales. 188

Chronology of a Successful Conversion--Contractor Revives School Lunch Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, James B.

1994-01-01

A New York State school district employed a management company to privatize the food-service program with the goal of enticing all students to eat lunch. Expertise in marketing, menu planning, and food-service operation turned the program around. Suggests questions to ask when selecting a management company. (MLF)

10 CFR Appendix C to Subpart B of... - Compliance Certification

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

.... All information reported in this Compliance Certification is true, accurate, and complete. The company... Company (the “company”): 2. Name(s) to be Marked on Electric Motors to Which this Compliance Certification Applies: 3. If manufacturer or private labeler wishes to receive a unique Compliance Certification number...

77 FR 48542 - United States

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-14

... subsurface oil and natural gas on these federal lands. Private parties, such as oil and gas companies, typically acquire oil and gas leases on federal lands at regional auctions conducted by the BLM. Defendants GEC and SGI are oil and gas companies engaged in the exploration and development of natural gas...

Adherence of private health system hospitals to dissemination of outcomes according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) model.

PubMed

Machado, Celso; César, Robson Danúbio da Silva; Souza, Maria Tereza Saraiva de

2017-01-01

To verify if there is an analogy between the indicators of the Global Reporting Initiative adopted by hospitals in the private healthcare system. Documentary research supported by reports that are electronically available on the website of the companies surveyed. The organizations surveyed had a significant adherence of their economic, social and environmental indicators of the model proposed by the Global Reporting Initiative, showing an analogous field of common indicators between them. There is similarity between the indicators adopted by companies, but one of the hospitals analyzed had a greater number of converging indicators to Global Reporting Initiative.

Fairness opinions in health care transactions--cause and effect: the emergence of private equity funds as a driving force in big and small transactions and the resulting increased use of fairness opinions.

PubMed

Becker, Scott; Lundeen, Ron

2007-01-01

The use of fairness opinions has become increasingly common with respect to the sale or merger of any company or division in a private equity funded or sponsored deal. The fairness opinion is often used to demonstrate that the value at which the transaction took place was a fair value to the selling company and thus did not improperly or unfairly leave the common holders with little consideration. This article covers rules and guidelines that should be adhered to in the issuance and review of fairness opinions.

Development of a photonics outreach and education program through partnerships at Universidad Metropolitana for Puerto Rico and the IYL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diaz, A.; Friedman, J. S.; Saltares, R.; Gordillo, R.; Trujillo, E.

2016-09-01

As the only photonics center in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean we have developed since 2014 and for the International Year of Light 2015 a comprehensive education and outreach program. We show how we have successfully reached an audience of more than 9,500 including K-12 students and teachers, general public, and specialized audiences, by partnering with other institutions and private companies to maximize resources. We present our experience, challenges, rewards and results or our activities and the types of partnerships we developed with institutions and private companies that were fundamental to achieve our goals.

Introducing new contraceptives.

PubMed

Segal, S J; Coutinho, E

1986-12-01

At this time, private research efforts to discover new contraceptives are threatened. Drug companies, particularly in the US, have reduced their interest in contraceptive development due to concern over the rising cost of product liability insurance, the cost of lawsuits in defense of liability claims, and the fear of extremely high awards by juries in product liability cases. The current form of private-public collaboration, now threatened by the liability crisis, works under a few simple principles of agreement. Private industry agrees to supply its patented chemical compounds for assessment as contraceptive agents, to be willing to enter into negotiations with public sector organizations to develop the contraceptive drugs if initial tests warrant it, and to release compounds to another company if the patent-holder declines to proceed with contraceptive development. The public-sector program agrees to fund the studies, keep the industry informed, and maintain confidentiality. When the technology is discovered by the public sector and is of potential interest to private industry, the collaboration involves other issues. The public agency agrees to supply manufacturing know-how and all biological and clinical information, to license under applicable patents, and to permit cross reference to regulatory agency filings. Private industry agrees to use its best efforts to bring the product to market, to manufacture the product at reduced cost for public sector use, or to provide know-how for others to do so. It also agrees to assume product liability and to grant the public sector agency licenses to any patented improvement in its product. Contraceptive research both within and outside the US is feeling the effects of the US litigious atmosphere. Companies from abroad now wish to steer clear of contraceptive research, even though these companies would be prepared to meet the requirements of the Food and Drug Administration. Contraceptives, considered to be high risk targets for lawsuits, are receiving little of the research budgets of pharmaceutical companies. Opposition anti-abortion forces also has had an effect. When the Population Council received new drug approval for the Copper-T-200, it was the 1st time the FDA had issued approval to a noncommercial sponsor. This unprecedented event established a new phase in the cooperative efforts between industry and the nonprofit sector to develop contraceptive products. It showed that given adequate funding, nonprofit agencies can carry out full product development, including the initial regulatory agency clearances.

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic.

PubMed

Zheng, Yan; Flanagan, Sara V

2017-08-03

The 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulates >170,000 public water systems to protect health, but not >13 million private wells. State and local government requirements for private well water testing are rare and inconsistent; the responsibility to ensure water safety remains with individual households. Over the last two decades, geogenic arsenic has emerged as a significant public health concern due to high prevalence in many rural American communities. We build the case for universal screening of private well water quality around arsenic, the most toxic and widespread of common private water contaminants. We argue that achieving universal screening will require policy intervention, and that testing should be made easy, accessible, and in many cases free to all private well households in the United States, considering the invisible, tasteless, odorless, and thus silent nature of arsenic. Our research has identified behavioral, situational and financial barriers to households managing their own well water safety, resulting in far from universal screening despite traditional public health outreach efforts. We observe significant socioeconomic disparities in arsenic testing and treatment when private water is unregulated. Testing requirements can be a partial answer to these challenges. Universal screening, achieved through local testing requirements complemented by greater community engagement targeting biologically and socioeconomically vulnerable groups, would reduce population arsenic exposure greater than any promotional efforts to date. Universal screening of private well water will identify the dangers hidden in America's drinking water supply and redirect attention to ensure safe water among affected households. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP629.

Cooperative program for Asian pediatricians.

PubMed

Sakakihara, Y; Nakamura, Y

1993-12-01

The Cooperative Program for Asian Pediatricians (CPAP) is a non-government organization established in 1989 to promote mutual understanding and friendship among young pediatricians in Asian countries. Unlike other government programs and non-government organizations, CPAP is solely facilitating mutual relationships among young inexperienced pediatricians who would otherwise have no chance to travel overseas. It has been funded by donations from members of the alumni association of the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Tokyo and many private companies and individuals. The Cooperative Program for Asian Pediatricians has so far invited 36 Asian pediatricians from 11 countries. By constructing a human network among Asian pediatricians, it is hoped that CPAP will contribute to making international cooperation in the Asian region easier and smoother.

CLIPS: A tool for the development and delivery of expert systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riley, Gary

1991-01-01

The C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) is a forward chaining rule-based language developed by the Software Technology Branch at the Johnson Space Center. CLIPS provides a complete environment for the construction of rule-based expert systems. CLIPS was designed specifically to provide high probability, low cost, and easy integration with external systems. Other key features of CLIPS include a powerful rule syntax, an interactive development environment, high performance, extensibility, a verification/validation tool, extensive documentation, and source code availability. The current release of CLIPS, version 4.3, is being used by over 2,500 users throughout the public and private community including: all NASA sites and branches of the military, numerous Federal bureaus, government contractors, 140 universities, and many companies.

The Transformation of a Private University's School of Nursing, 1999-2009: An Historical Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Selick, Sandra A.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the transformation of the School of Nursing at a private university in a Middle Atlantic state during the years 1999 to 2009. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine the leadership style of the Director of the School of Nursing at this private university in a Middle Atlantic state that led this…

Getting what you need from the hospital to succeed as a traumatologist.

PubMed

Agnew, Samuel G; Jones, Clifford B

2013-10-01

Currently, the market for orthopaedic trauma surgeons is varied. The market consists of university employed, university private, medical group employed, medical group private, private employed, private contracted, and private. Each option has its positives and negatives. The orthopaedic trauma surgeon needs to determine which setting is appropriate for his/her given needs and wants. An experienced mentor(s) is invaluable for advice and guidance. The surgeon then needs to find an administrative leader to initiate, implement, and evaluate certain processes to succeed.

Quantifying the Impact of Autism Coverage on Private Insurance Premiums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bouder, James N.; Spielman, Stuart; Mandell, David S.

2009-01-01

Many states are considering legislation requiring private insurance companies to pay for autism-related services. Arguments against mandates include that they will result in higher premiums. Using Pennsylvania legislation as an example, which proposed covering services up to $36,000 per year for individuals less than 21 years of age, this paper…

Private-Equity Juggernaut Rolls through Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blumenstyk, Goldie

2007-01-01

The deluge of money that private-equity investors have been pouring into buyouts of companies in all sectors of the economy is having a growing impact on higher education. Until recently, outside investors were primarily interested in the for-profit college industry, acquiring family-owned colleges and chains of colleges. Now several of those…

Productivity in the Private Sector and Its Application to the Educational Enterprise.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwarz, Fred C.

This paper presents the present dilemma of declining productivity gains in the private sector and illustrates efforts to reverse the trend. Also presented are techniques being used by companies that are successful in improving their productivity. Finally, specific illustrations of techniques for improving productivity in the educational enterprise…

San Francisco Bay Area Environmental Education Needs Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fish, Duane

To identify environmental technician positions in the public and private sectors of the San Francisco Bay Area as well as to determine the skills and knowledge necessary for employment in the field, questionnaires were distributed to companies, agencies, individuals of the private sector in the area, and 33 institutions offering an Occupational…

Contracting Effects on Logistics Capabilities and Readiness

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-17

providing more services with less goods and resources. 8 Prahalad , C.K. and Hamel, G., (1990) The...clarify meaning and intent . The terms of outsourcing and privatization, Army logistics core competencies, and private military companies are defined below...11 Grasso, Defense Outsourcing: The OMB Circular A-76 Policy, 2. 12 Prahalad and Hamel, The Core

Competitive strategy for the proposed Texas high speed rail project : a system dynamics/ CLIOS process approach.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-09-10

The Texas High-Speed Rail (HSR) is an unprecedented US project proposed by a private company. This project has many uncertainties because it will be funded only by the private sectors and it is the first US HSR project using foreign technology. The H...

Study of the Effectiveness of "Privatizing" Remedial Services.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maryland State Higher Education Commission, Annapolis.

This study evaluated a pilot project for privatizing or outsourcing remedial education programs in the state of Maryland. The program was conducted by the mathematics department at Howard Community College and Sylvan Learning Systems, a Baltimore-based tutoring company, and covered four periods the summer, spring, and fall semesters of 1995 and…

Twenty Years of Successful Private Management. The Debate over Private vs. Public Management of Food Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riegel, Ronald B.

1994-01-01

Companies such as ARA Services provide lunch every day to more than 1 million students in over 280 school districts nationwide. An Illinois superintendent lists several reasons for school districts to consider "outsourcing" their food-service operations, including cost-saving opportunities, capacity for offering comprehensive services…

Private Military Companies: An Assessment

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-09-01

enforcement units realistic and adaptable training.133 Reactions to incidents like the Columbine shooting , 9/11, and Hurricane Katrina propelled...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited PRIVATE MILITARY...ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING

13 CFR 107.1550 - Distributions by Licensee-permitted “tax Distributions” to private investors and SBA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Distributions by Licensee-permitted âtax Distributionsâ to private investors and SBA. 107.1550 Section 107.1550 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES SBA Financial Assistance for...

The Privatization of Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter, Richard

2010-01-01

For-profit education is not a new focus for public schools in the United States. It has been around for several decades, has stimulated considerable controversy, and has been heralded by some as a panacea for improving learning for the nation's public school students. For-profit schools are run by private, for-profit companies or organizations…

A means of improving public health in low- and middle-income countries? Benefits and challenges of international public-private partnerships.

PubMed

Kostyak, L; Shaw, D M; Elger, B; Annaheim, B

2017-08-01

In the last two decades international public-private partnerships have become increasingly important to improving public health in low- and middle-income countries. Governments realize that involving the private sector in projects for financing, innovation, development, and distribution can make a valuable contribution to overcoming major health challenges. Private-public partnerships for health can generate numerous benefits but may also raise some concerns. To guide best practice for public-private partnerships for health to maximize benefits and minimize risks, the first step is to identify potential benefits, challenges, and motives. We define motives as the reasons why private partners enter partnerships with a public partner. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using the PRISMA guidelines. We reviewed the literature on the benefits and challenges of public-private partnerships for health in low- and middle-income countries provided by international pharmaceutical companies and other health-related companies. We provide a description of these benefits, challenges, as well as of motives of private partners to join partnerships. An approach of systematic categorization was used to conduct this research. We identified six potential benefits, seven challenges, and three motives. Our main finding was a significant gap in the available academic literature on this subject. Further empirical research using both qualitative and quantitative approaches is required. From the limited information that is readily available, we conclude that public-private partnerships for health imply several benefits but with some noticeable and crucial limitations. In this article, we provide a description of these benefits and challenges, discuss key themes, and conclude that empirical research is required to determine the full extent of the challenges addressed in the literature. Copyright © 2017 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Factors Related to University Presidents' Pay: An Examination of Private Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tang, Thomas Li-Ping; Tang, David Shin-Hsiung; Tang, Cindy Shin-Yi

2000-01-01

Examined institutional characteristics and market- related factors to predict university presidents' pay, benefits, and total compensation at 190 private colleges and universities. Found that presidents' pay was related to the expenditures, type of institution, existence of professional schools, and academic reputation ranking, while benefits…

University Social Responsibility and Brand Image of Private Universities in Bangkok

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plungpongpan, Jirawan; Tiangsoongnern, Leela; Speece, Mark

2016-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of university social responsibility (USR) on the brand image of private universities in Thailand. Brand image is important for entry into the consideration set as prospective students evaluate options for university study. USR activities may be implicit or explicit, i.e., actively…

University-Based Teleradiology in the United States.

PubMed

Hunter, Tim B; Krupinski, Elizabeth A

2014-04-15

This article reviews the University of Arizona's more than 15 years of experience with teleradiology and provides an overview of university-based teleradiology practice in the United States (U.S.). In the U.S., teleradiology is a major economic enterprise with many private for-profit companies offering national teleradiology services (i.e., professional interpretation of radiologic studies of all types by American Board of Radiology certified radiologists). The initial thrust for teleradiology was for after-hours coverage of radiologic studies, but teleradiology has expanded its venue to include routine full-time or partial coverage for small hospitals, clinics, specialty medical practices, and urgent care centers. It also provides subspecialty radiologic coverage not available at smaller medical centers and clinics. Many U.S. university-based academic departments of radiology provide teleradiology services usually as an additional for-profit business to supplement departmental income. Since academic-based teleradiology providers have to compete in a very demanding marketplace, their success is not guaranteed. They must provide timely, high-quality professional services for a competitive price. Academic practices have the advantage of house officers and fellows who can help with the coverage, and they have excellent subspecialty expertise. The marketplace is constantly shifting, and university-based teleradiology practices have to be nimble and adjust to ever-changing situations.

Differences in the use of outsourcing in public and private institutions providing medical services.

PubMed

Czerw, Aleksandra I; Kowalska, Mariola; Religioni, Urszula

2014-06-29

The costs of health care in Poland are continuously increasing. Thus, almost every institution providing medical services aims at their limitation. One of the costs rationalisation methods in the health care sector is outsourcing. The study was conducted in 153 randomly selected institutions providing medical activities. The tool was a questionnaire, available via a web browser. Over 30% of public institutions identified the need for financial savings, as the main reason for outsourcing the cleaning function. Among private institutions, the dominant reason for this is too high maintenance cost of the cleaning staff (less than 40% of responses). The huge number of medical institutions use the services of an external company for laundering. Over 30% of public institutions identified as the most common reason for separation of functions laundering lack of resources to upgrade and modernize facilities. Less than 27% of public institutions indicate too high costs of kitchen staff as the main reason for ordering function of feeding. Another reason is the need for financial savings (22% response rate). Some institutions indicate a desire to focus on key areas (20% of responses) and lack of financial resources to upgrade and modernize the kitchen (20% response rate). Public and private institutions exercise control over the quality and method performed by an external service (71% of public institutions and 59% of private institutions). Private institutions often informally exercise external control (difference confirmed - Fisher's exact test). Less than 90% of public institutions indicated satisfaction with the services provided by external companies. The adaptation of outsourcing in medical facilities leads to financial efficiency improvement. Through the separation of some medical functions and entrusting their realisation to external companies, medical institutions can focus on their basic activity that is the provision of health services.

The initial pharmaceutical development of an artesunate/amodiaquine oral formulation for the treatment of malaria: a public-private partnership.

PubMed

Lacaze, Catherine; Kauss, Tina; Kiechel, Jean-René; Caminiti, Antonella; Fawaz, Fawaz; Terrassin, Laurent; Cuart, Sylvie; Grislain, Luc; Navaratnam, Visweswaran; Ghezzoul, Bellabes; Gaudin, Karen; White, Nick J; Olliaro, Piero L; Millet, Pascal

2011-05-23

Artemisinin-based combination therapy is currently recommended worldwide for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Fixed-dose combinations are preferred as they favour compliance. This paper reports on the initial phases of the pharmaceutical development of an artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) bilayer co-formulation tablet, undertaken following pre-formulation studies by a network of scientists and industrials from institutions of both industrialized and low income countries. Pharmaceutical development was performed by a research laboratory at the University Bordeaux Segalen, School of Pharmacy, for feasibility and early stability studies of various drug formulations, further transferred to a company specialized in pharmaceutical development, and then provided to another company for clinical batch manufacturing. The work was conducted by a regional public-private not-for-profit network (TropiVal) within a larger Public Private partnership (the FACT project), set up by WHO/TDR, Médecins Sans Frontières and the Drugs for Neglected Disease initiative (DNDi). The main pharmaceutical goal was to combine in a solid oral form two incompatible active principles while preventing artesunate degradation under tropical conditions. Several options were attempted and failed to provide satisfactory stability results: incorporating artesunate in the external phase of the tablets, adding a pH regulator, alcoholic wet granulation, dry granulation, addition of an hydrophobic agent, tablet manufacturing in controlled conditions. However, long-term stability could be achieved, in experimental batches under GMP conditions, by physical separation of artesunate and amodiaquine in a bilayer co-formulation tablet in alu-alu blisters. Conduction of the workplan was monitored by DNDi. Collaborations between research and industrial groups greatly accelerated the process of development of the bi-layered ASAQ tablet. Lack of public funding was the main obstacle hampering the development process, and no intellectual property right was claimed. This approach resulted in a rapid technology transfer to the drug company Sanofi-Aventis, finalizing the process of development, registration and WHO pre-qualification of the fixed-dose co-formulation together with DNDi. The bi-layered tablet is made available under the names of Coarsucam® and Artesunate amodiaquine Winthrop®, Sanofi-Aventis. The issue related to the difficulty of public institutions to valorise their participation in such initiative by lack of priority and funding of applied research is discussed.

The initial pharmaceutical development of an artesunate/amodiaquine oral formulation for the treatment of malaria: a public-private partnership

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy is currently recommended worldwide for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Fixed-dose combinations are preferred as they favour compliance. This paper reports on the initial phases of the pharmaceutical development of an artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) bilayer co-formulation tablet, undertaken following pre-formulation studies by a network of scientists and industrials from institutions of both industrialized and low income countries. Methods Pharmaceutical development was performed by a research laboratory at the University Bordeaux Segalen, School of Pharmacy, for feasibility and early stability studies of various drug formulations, further transferred to a company specialized in pharmaceutical development, and then provided to another company for clinical batch manufacturing. The work was conducted by a regional public-private not-for-profit network (TropiVal) within a larger Public Private partnership (the FACT project), set up by WHO/TDR, Médecins Sans Frontières and the Drugs for Neglected Disease initiative (DNDi). Results The main pharmaceutical goal was to combine in a solid oral form two incompatible active principles while preventing artesunate degradation under tropical conditions. Several options were attempted and failed to provide satisfactory stability results: incorporating artesunate in the external phase of the tablets, adding a pH regulator, alcoholic wet granulation, dry granulation, addition of an hydrophobic agent, tablet manufacturing in controlled conditions. However, long-term stability could be achieved, in experimental batches under GMP conditions, by physical separation of artesunate and amodiaquine in a bilayer co-formulation tablet in alu-alu blisters. Conduction of the workplan was monitored by DNDi. Conclusions Collaborations between research and industrial groups greatly accelerated the process of development of the bi-layered ASAQ tablet. Lack of public funding was the main obstacle hampering the development process, and no intellectual property right was claimed. This approach resulted in a rapid technology transfer to the drug company Sanofi-Aventis, finalizing the process of development, registration and WHO pre-qualification of the fixed-dose co-formulation together with DNDi. The bi-layered tablet is made available under the names of Coarsucam® and Artesunate amodiaquine Winthrop®, Sanofi-Aventis. The issue related to the difficulty of public institutions to valorise their participation in such initiative by lack of priority and funding of applied research is discussed. PMID:21605361

[Autonomy accreditation of private Chilean universities (1994-1998)].

PubMed

Cruz-Coke, R

1998-11-01

In 1995, a score to measure the quality of private universities in Chile, using excellency indicators as predictors of autonomy certification, was devised by the author. To compare this score with autonomy certification results of ensuing years, to assess the usefulness of excellency indicators. During 1995, the records of 21 private universities in Santiago were studied. These universities were qualified using eight indicators of academic excellency. These results were compared with the Superior Education Council qualification results, obtained between 1996 and 1998. The scores obtained by universities ranged from 19 and 137 points. Universities with the better scores obtained autonomy and those with the worst scores were eliminated. There was a good concordance between the score obtained in 1995 and the fate of autonomy certification. The best predictors and indicators of academic excellency to certificate autonomy of private universities were the magnitude of indirect budget contributed by the state, the size of academic list of staff and the percentage of admitted students with scores over 573 in the national academic aptitude tests.

NASA's approach to space commercialization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gillam, Isaac T., IV

1986-01-01

The NASA Office of Commercial Programs fosters private participation in commercially oriented space projects. Five Centers for the Commercial Development of Space encourage new ideas and perform research which may yield commercial processes and products for space ventures. Joint agreements allow companies who present ideas to NASA and provide flight hardware access to a free launch and return from orbit. The experimenters furnish NASA with sufficient data to demonstrate the significance of the results. Ground-based tests are arranged for smaller companies to test the feasibility of concepts before committing to the costs of developing hardware. Joint studies of mutual interest are performed by NASA and private sector researchers, and two companies have signed agreements for a series of flights in which launch costs are stretched out to meet projected income. Although Shuttle flights went on hold following the Challenger disaster, extensive work continues on the preparation of commercial research payloads that will fly when Shuttle flights resume.

For-Profit Postsecondary Educational Institutions: Overview of Accreditation and State and Federal Oversight

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Foster, Lisa K.

2004-01-01

Postsecondary education in California includes public community colleges and universities, private nonprofit colleges and universities, and private proprietary and for-profit schools. While small in number compared with public and private nonprofit institutions, proprietary and for-profit schools and career colleges are growing and serving an…

Independent Colleges and Universities: A National Profile

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities, 2004

2004-01-01

Independent, or private, colleges and universities are diverse in their depth and variety -- in students, faculty, academic offerings, tuition levels. Surprising to many is just how affordable a quality private college education can be. It's an attainable dream for students from every social and economic segment of the nation. A private college…

Seeking Major Gifts: How 57 Institutions Do It.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Altizer, Anne W.

A study was done of how educational institutions seek major gifts in their fund raising strategies. The study surveyed 57 institutions in 4 major categories: private colleges (24), private universities (6), public universities (12), and private elementary/secondary schools (15). The study sought to discover whether significant changes had taken…

Pharmaceutical cost containment and innovation in the United States.

PubMed

Kane, N M

1997-09-01

In the United States, government has played a limited role in containing the costs of pharmaceuticals. There are no price controls, no national drug formularies, no universal cost-sharing policies, and perhaps most important, no national coverage of prescription drugs. Rather, pharmaceutical cost containment was historically left to private insurers and managed care companies, while consumers paid out of pocket for close to 62% of all drug expenditures. US utilization has historically been relatively low and prices by far the highest of the four industrialized countries. The major change in pharmaceutical cost containment in the 1990s has been the consolidation of purchaser power at the level of the insurer and managed care companies. These 'whole sale' purchasers now represent 70% of direct manufacturer sales, and they are demanding and receiving deeper price discounts. Meanwhile these same players are implementing formulary policies, utilization controls, and disease management programs, the outcomes of which have not yet been systematically evaluated. Failure to pass on savings to consumers, cost shifting by manufacturers to vulnerable consumer groups, and potential under-utilization of cost-effective drugs remain of concern.

Research on private cloud computing based on analysis on typical opensource platform: a case study with Eucalyptus and Wavemaker

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Xiaoyuan; Yuan, Jian; Chen, Shi

2013-03-01

Cloud computing is one of the most popular topics in the IT industry and is recently being adopted by many companies. It has four development models, as: public cloud, community cloud, hybrid cloud and private cloud. Except others, private cloud can be implemented in a private network, and delivers some benefits of cloud computing without pitfalls. This paper makes a comparison of typical open source platforms through which we can implement a private cloud. After this comparison, we choose Eucalyptus and Wavemaker to do a case study on the private cloud. We also do some performance estimation of cloud platform services and development of prototype software as cloud services.

75 FR 6791 - Surety Companies Acceptable on Federal Bonds-Termination: Trinity Universal Insurance Company

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-10

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Fiscal Service Surety Companies Acceptable on Federal Bonds--Termination: Trinity Universal Insurance Company AGENCY: Financial Management Service, Fiscal Service... that the Certificate of Authority issued by the Treasury to the above-named company under 31 U.S.C...

The Private Sector/University Technology Alliance: Making It Work. Proceedings of a Conference of the National Council of University Research Administrators (Dallas, Texas, September 4-7, 1984).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freise, Earl J., Ed.

The transfer of technology from U.S. research universities in cooperation with the private sector is addressed in proceedings of a National Council of University Research Administrators conference. The first discussion session, "New Technology from University Research and Development (R&D)," examines the university research…

Can universal access be achieved in a voluntary private health insurance market? Dutch private insurers caught between competing logics.

PubMed

Vonk, Robert A A; Schut, Frederik T

2018-05-07

For almost a century, the Netherlands was marked by a large market for voluntary private health insurance alongside state-regulated social health insurance. Throughout this period, private health insurers tried to safeguard their position within an expanding welfare state. From an institutional logics perspective, we analyze how private health insurers tried to reconcile the tension between a competitive insurance market pressuring for selective underwriting and actuarially fair premiums (the insurance logic), and an upcoming welfare state pressuring for universal access and socially fair premiums (the welfare state logic). Based on primary sources and the extant historiography, we distinguish six periods in which the balance between both logics changed significantly. We identify various strategies employed by private insurers to reconcile the competing logics. Some of these were temporarily successful, but required measures that were incompatible with the idea of free entrepreneurship and consumer choice. We conclude that universal access can only be achieved in a competitive individual private health insurance market if this market is effectively regulated and mandatory cross-subsidies are effectively enforced. The Dutch case demonstrates that achieving universal access in a competitive private health insurance market is institutionally complex and requires broad political and societal support.

[Health insurance companies and medical genetics, what do they want to know? Expert opinions concerning medical genetic services].

PubMed

Nippert, Reinhart Peter; Schmidtke, J

2012-03-01

Based on the compilation of medical opinions delivered by a medical genetic expert between 2002 and 2010, solicited by private health insurance companies in Germany, an analysis of the main issues raised was made to identify the information needs of company employees with respect to human and medical genetics. The findings are discussed and recommendations for improvement and further training are suggested.

An update on USGS studies of the Summitville Mine and its downstream environmental effects

USGS Publications Warehouse

Plumlee, Geoffrey S.; Edelmann, Patrick R.

1995-01-01

The Summitville gold mine, located at ~3800 meters (11,500 ft) elevation in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado, was the focus of extensive public attention in 1992 and 1993 for environmental problems stemming from recent open-pit mining activities. Summitville catalyzed national debates about the environmental effects of modern mining activities, and became the focus of arguments for proposed revisions to the 1872 Mining Law governing mining activities on public lands. In early 1993, the State of Colorado, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Colorado State University, San Luis Valley agencies, downstream water users, private companies, and individuals began a multi-disciplinary research program to provide needed scientific information on Summitville's environmental problems and downstream environmental effects. Detailed results of this multi-agency effort were presented, along with legal and policy issues, at the Summitville Forum in January, 1995, at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Floods in 2002 and 2013: comparing flood warnings and emergency measures from the perspective of affected parties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kreibich, Heidi; Pech, Ina; Schröter, Kai; Müller, Meike; Thieken, Annegret

2016-04-01

Early warning is essential for protecting people and mitigating damage in case of flood events. However, early warning is only helpful if the flood-endangered parties are reached by the warning and if they know how to react effectively. Finding suitable methods for communicating helpful warnings to the "last mile" remains a challenge, but not much information is available. Surveys were undertaken after the August 2002 and the June 2013 floods in Germany, asking affected private households and companies about warnings they received and emergency measures they undertook. Results show, that in 2002 early warning did not work well: in too many areas warnings came too late or were too imprecise and many people (27%) and companies (45%) did not receive a flood warning. Afterwards, the warning systems were significantly improved, so that in 2013 only a small share of the affected people (7%) and companies (7 %) was not reached by any warning. Additionally, private households and companies were hardly aware of the flood risk in the Elbe catchment before 2002, mainly due to a lack of flood experience. For instance, in 2002 only 14% of private households clearly knew how to protect themselves and their assets when the warning reached them, in 2013 this fraction was 46 %. Although the share of companies which had an emergency plan in place had increased from 10 % in 2002 to 26 % in 2013, and the share of those conducting regular emergency exercises had increased from 4 % to 13 %, there is still plenty of room for improvement. Therefore, integrated early warning systems from monitoring through to the reaction of the affected parties as well as effective risk and emergency communication need continuous further improvement to protect people and mitigate residual risks in case of floods.

Challenges constraining access to insulin in the private-sector market of Delhi, India

PubMed Central

Kaplan, Warren A

2016-01-01

Objective India's majority of patients—including those living with diabetes—seek healthcare in the private sector through out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. We studied access to insulin in the private-sector market of Delhi state, India. Methods A modified World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) standard survey to assess insulin availability and prices, and qualitative interviews with insulin retailers (pharmacists) and wholesalers to understand insulin market dynamics. Results In 40 pharmacy outlets analysed, mean availability of the human and analogue insulins on the 2013 Delhi essential medicine list was 44.4% and 13.1%, respectively. 82% of pharmacies had domestically manufactured human insulin phials, primarily was made in India under licence to overseas pharmaceutical companies. Analogue insulin was only in cartridge and pen forms that were 4.42 and 5.81 times, respectively, the price of human insulin phials. Domestically manufactured human phial and cartridge insulin (produced for foreign and Indian companies) was less expensive than their imported counterparts. The lowest paid unskilled government worker in Delhi would work about 1.5 and 8.6 days, respectively, to be able to pay OOP for a monthly supply of human phial and analogue cartridge insulin. Interviews suggest that the Delhi insulin market is dominated by a few multinational companies that import and/or license in-country production. Several factors influence insulin uptake by patients, including doctor's prescribing preference. Wholesalers have negative perceptions about domestic insulin manufacturing. Conclusions The Delhi insulin market is an oligopoly with limited market competition. Increasing competition from Indian companies is going to require some additional policies, not presently in place. As more Indian companies produce biosimilars, brand substitution policies are needed to be able to benefit from market competition. PMID:28588966

Challenges constraining access to insulin in the private-sector market of Delhi, India.

PubMed

Sharma, Abhishek; Kaplan, Warren A

2016-01-01

India's majority of patients-including those living with diabetes-seek healthcare in the private sector through out-of-pocket (OOP) payments. We studied access to insulin in the private-sector market of Delhi state, India. A modified World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) standard survey to assess insulin availability and prices, and qualitative interviews with insulin retailers (pharmacists) and wholesalers to understand insulin market dynamics. In 40 pharmacy outlets analysed, mean availability of the human and analogue insulins on the 2013 Delhi essential medicine list was 44.4% and 13.1%, respectively. 82% of pharmacies had domestically manufactured human insulin phials, primarily was made in India under licence to overseas pharmaceutical companies. Analogue insulin was only in cartridge and pen forms that were 4.42 and 5.81 times, respectively, the price of human insulin phials. Domestically manufactured human phial and cartridge insulin (produced for foreign and Indian companies) was less expensive than their imported counterparts. The lowest paid unskilled government worker in Delhi would work about 1.5 and 8.6 days, respectively, to be able to pay OOP for a monthly supply of human phial and analogue cartridge insulin. Interviews suggest that the Delhi insulin market is dominated by a few multinational companies that import and/or license in-country production. Several factors influence insulin uptake by patients, including doctor's prescribing preference. Wholesalers have negative perceptions about domestic insulin manufacturing. The Delhi insulin market is an oligopoly with limited market competition. Increasing competition from Indian companies is going to require some additional policies, not presently in place. As more Indian companies produce biosimilars, brand substitution policies are needed to be able to benefit from market competition.

Commercial Scholarship: Spinning Physics Research into a Business Enterprise

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butler, Orville

2013-03-01

The American Institute of Physics' Center for History of Physics has conducted a three year NSF funded study of physicist entrepreneurs during which we interviewed 140 physicists who have founded ninety-one startups. Forty of those companies have spun research out of twenty-some universities. Startups spun out of university research tend to be technology push companies, creating new potentially disruptive technologies for which markets do not yet clearly exist, in contrast to market pull companies founded to address innovations responding to market demands. This paper addresses the unique issues found in university spinout companies and their responses to them. While technology push companies are generally considered to be higher risk compared to market pull companies, the university spinouts in our study had a higher rate of both SBIR and venture capital funding than did the market pull companies in our study.

Publicly Traded Ed. Companies Are Rare

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flanigan, Robin L.

2012-01-01

K12 Inc., the nation's largest provider of online precollegiate education, was launched in 2000 and went public seven years later after raising about $140 million in revenue. Like other companies, it moved from being privately held to being publicly traded to raise more money quickly, increase brand awareness, and accelerate business goals. The…

Photovoltaic Manufacturing R&D Project | Photovoltaic Research | NREL

Science.gov Websites

Photovoltaic (PV) Manufacturing Research and Development (R&D) Project was a cost-shared partnership between NREL and a number of private-sector solar companies. The primary project goals were to reduce costs for consumers and solar companies by improving products and manufacturing processes and ensure the

24 CFR 990.280 - Project-based budgeting and accounting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... company to manage a project, the PHA may use the difference between the property management fee paid to the private management company and the fee that is reasonable to fund operations of the central office... reasonable asset management fee that may also be used to fund operations of the central office. However, this...

77 FR 27785 - Request for Information Regarding the NIH-Industry Program To Discover New Therapeutic Uses for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-11

... companies with the best ideas for new therapeutic uses put forward by the biomedical research community... the public sector has new ideas and the wherewithal to advance new applications, public-private... and associated data from participating companies with the best ideas for new therapeutic uses put...

Creating a Learning Climate: A South African Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carrim, Nasima Mohamed Hoosen; Basson, Johan Schutte

2013-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether there were differences in how one public and two private South African organizations created a learning climate. Design/methodology/approach: This article is based on a survey and comparative analysis of specific departments in a chemical and gas company, an insurance company, and a…

Creating a Revolution: From the Boardroom to the Classroom--New Partners in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeSchryver, David A.

A growing number of private companies have emerged with the mission of providing educational services to public schools and districts. Partnerships between public schools and service companies, though not novel, only recently have become high-profile and prolific. Although welcomed by educational reformers, partnerships that involve outsourcing of…

Moving Public Schools toward For-Profit Management: Privatizing the Public Sphere.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pini, Monica Eva

A study examined the design, imagery, and language of the Web sites of six major Education Management Organizations (EMOs), companies that manage schools for profit. The six companies are Advantage Schools, Inc.; Beacon Education Management, Inc.; Edison Schools; The Leona Group; L.L.C.; Mosaica Education; and National Heritage Academies. The…

Final Evaluation Report on the Texarkana Dropout Prevention Program.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andrew, Dean C.; Roberts, Lawrence H.

The Texarkana Dropout Prevention Program is an educational innovation in which (1) a private company was placed under contract to set up special, remedial instruction in the public schools, and (2) the company was to be paid according to the results produced under a performance contract. Dorsett Educational Systems operated six rapid learning…

76 FR 11203 - Water Technology Trade Mission to India

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-01

... for other uses. To address this issue, the government of India and the private sector have made... opportunities for U.S. companies that have expertise in these technologies. Mission Goals The goals of the Water Technology Trade Mission to India are to help U.S. water and waste water technology companies initiate and/or...

10 CFR Appendix A to Subpart S of... - Compliance Statement for Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Equipment: Metal Halide Lamp Ballasts Manufacturer's or Private Labeler's Name and Address: [Company name] (“the company”) submits this Compliance Statement under 10 CFR Part 431 (Energy Efficiency Program for... Reports submitted by or on behalf of this company. All information in such Certification Report(s) and in...

When Empathy Hurts: Modelling University Students' Word of Mouth Behaviour in Public vs. Private Universities in Syria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahmoud, Ali Bassam; Grigoriou, Nicholas

2017-01-01

This study examines and compares word of mouth (WOM) behaviour among university students in Syria. To date, little is known about this important phenomenon which is surprising given the deregulated education market in Syria that allows for private universities to compete for students alongside public universities. Using a mixed methods research…

Organization Development and Change in Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Torraco, Richard J.; Hoover, Richard E.; Knippelmeyer, Sheri A.

2005-01-01

Organization development is an approach to planned change that is used in the private, public, and nonprofit sectors. However, relatively little is known about OD in universities. This paper examines the challenges associated with the use of OD in universities that may not be present in the private sector and other non-university settings. Five…

Public Universities in Competition with Private Enterprise: The Attitudes and Behaviors of University Administrators

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinson, David Otto

2010-01-01

Public universities undertake business activities sometimes considered by private enterprise as unfairly competitive based on nonprofit advantages. This study was an inquiry into the attitudes and actions of chief business officers at public universities regarding these activities. The research population consisted of the 1862 Morrill Act Land…

78 FR 21118 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-09

... Universe Survey 2013-16 AGENCY: Institute of Education Sciences/National Center for Education Statistics... of Collection: Private School Universe Survey 2013-16. OMB Control Number: 1850-0641. Type of Review...: The Private School Universe Survey (PSS) is the NCES collection of basic data from the universe of...

1C.10: METABOLIC SYNDROME IN A POPULATION OF EMPLOYEES WORKING FOR COMPANIES IN MEXICO.

PubMed

Perez-Cuadra, A; Limon, F; Rozycka, M; Marques, J; Delgado, J; Meaney, E; Guerra, M

2015-06-01

In Mexico, cardiovascular diseases represent the second cause of death, after Diabetes. This is the first trial to describe the metabolic syndrome in a population of Mexican urban employees, working for private companies.To analyze the presence of metabolic syndrome in Mexican employees working for private companies. Study of a consecutive series of evaluated cases between 2010 and 2014. Each participant was subject to the following: comprehensive physical examination, blood pressure, heart rate, height, weight, body mass index, waist/hip index, body fat index, abdominal girth, and lab profile, including lipid profile and glycemia. Publication criteria on harmonization for metabolic syndrome were considered: 3 of the following 5 criteria: presence of central obesity (abdominal girth > 90 cm for men and > 80 cm for women),TA 130/85, Triglycerides > 150 mg%, Glycemia > 100 mg% and HDL < 40 mg% Men, < 50 mg% Women. 7367 evaluated subjects, average age: 37.4 +/- 9.6 (CI 95% 37.3 - 37.7), 52% male. Table 1 shows metabolic syndrome prevalence by gender, Table 2 presents data by age and gender.(Figure is included in full-text article.) : The population of Mexican employees working for private companies analyzed presents a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, that increases with age, placing it at a high risk for cardiovascular disease. Men present a higher metabolic syndrome prevalence (p < 0.0001) compared to women analyzed in the group under 65 years. From 65 years and on, both groups present a high prevalence.

Direct-to-consumer genetic testing in Slovenia: availability, ethical dilemmas and legislation.

PubMed

Vrecar, Irena; Peterlin, Borut; Teran, Natasa; Lovrecic, Luca

2015-01-01

Over the last few years, many private companies are advertising direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC GT), mostly with no or only minor clinical utility and validity of tests and without genetic counselling. International professional community does not approve provision of DTC GT and situation in some EU countries has been analysed already. The aim of our study was to analyse current situation in the field of DTC GT in Slovenia and related legal and ethical issues. Information was retrieved through internet search, performed independently by two authors, structured according to individual private company and the types of offered genetic testing. Five private companies and three Health Insurance Companies offer DTC GT and it is provided without genetic counselling. Available tests include testing for breast cancer, tests with other health-related information (complex diseases, drug responses) and other tests (nutrigenetic, ancestry, paternity). National legislation is currently being developed and Council of Experts in Medical Genetics has issued an opinion about Genetic Testing and Commercialization of Genetic Tests in Slovenia. Despite the fact that Slovenia has signed the Additional protocol to the convention on human rights and biomedicine, concerning genetic testing for health purposes, DTC GT in Slovenia is present and against all international recommendations. There is lack of or no medical supervision, clinical validity and utility of tests and inappropriate genetic testing of minors is available. There is urgent need for regulation of ethical, legal, and social aspects. National legislation on DTC GT is being prepared.

How PEPFAR's public-private partnerships achieved ambitious goals, from improving labs to strengthening supply chains.

PubMed

Sturchio, Jeffrey L; Cohen, Gary M

2012-07-01

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), established in 2003, is widely recognized as one of the most ambitious and successful bilateral programs ever implemented to address a single disease. Part of the program's success is attributable to the participation of the private sector, working in partnership with the US and local governments and implementing organizations to maximize the reach and effectiveness of every dollar spent. We examined key public-private partnerships that grew out of PEPFAR to identify features that have made them effective. For example, PEPFAR's Supply Chain Management System took advantage of private industry's best practices in logistics, and a partnership with the medical technology company BD (Becton, Dickinson and Company) improved laboratory systems throughout sub-Saharan Africa. We found that setting ambitious goals, enlisting both global and local partners, cultivating a culture of collaboration, careful planning, continuous monitoring and evaluation, and measuring outcomes systematically led to the most effective programs. The Office of the US Global AIDS Coordinator and PEPFAR should continue to strengthen their capacity for private-sector partnerships, learning from a decade of experience and identifying new ways to make smart investments that will make the most efficient use of taxpayer resources, expand proven interventions more rapidly, and help ensure the sustainability of key programs.

Private-sector research ethics: marketing or good conflicts management? The 2005 John J. Conley Lecture on Medical Ethics.

PubMed

Dresser, Rebecca

2006-01-01

Pharmaceutical companies are major sponsors of biomedical research. Most scholars and policymakers focus their attention on government and academic oversight activities, however. In this article, I consider the role of pharmaceutical companies' internal ethics statements in guiding decisions about corporate research and development (R&D). I review materials from drug company websites and contributions from the business and medical ethics literature that address ethical responsibilities of businesses in general and pharmaceutical companies in particular. I discuss positive and negative uses of pharmaceutical companies' ethics materials and describe shortcomings in the companies' existing ethics programs. To guide employees and reassure outsiders, companies must add rigor, independence, and transparency to their R&D ethics programs.

The thinking of Cloud computing in the digital construction of the oil companies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

CaoLei, Qizhilin; Dengsheng, Lei

In order to speed up digital construction of the oil companies and enhance productivity and decision-support capabilities while avoiding the disadvantages from the waste of the original process of building digital and duplication of development and input. This paper presents a cloud-based models for the build in the digital construction of the oil companies that National oil companies though the private network will join the cloud data of the oil companies and service center equipment integrated into a whole cloud system, then according to the needs of various departments to prepare their own virtual service center, which can provide a strong service industry and computing power for the Oil companies.

System Expertise Training Courses in Private Sector: Can They Be Given Online?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balci Demirci, Birim

2014-01-01

It is widely known that there are many schools in the private sector offering courses in Computer Technology, Computer Engineering, Information Systems and similar disciplines in addition to Universities presenting such courses. The private sector programs are extremely popular with students already studying at university as well as being of great…

Addressing Quality Challenges in the Private University Sector in Bangladesh: From Policy Formulation to Institutional Implementation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blanco Ramírez, Gerardo; Jahirul Haque, H. M.

2016-01-01

Private higher education is growing, especially in developing and transitioning countries. Rapid growth frequently comes with concerns about quality. This article explores challenges and opportunities for higher education quality among private universities in Bangladesh. By presenting a vertical case study that explores interactions among actors…

The Impact of Private Investment on Public Colleges and Universities. Margin for Excellence and Opportunity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, Washington, DC.

This statement explains the need for private financial support of state colleges and universities, and suggests that such support makes the difference between adequacy and excellence in higher education. Private support makes available scholarships and loans, increases the distinguished faculty through endowed chairs, builds special facilities,…

Evaluation of self-esteem in nursing teachers at public and private universities.

PubMed

Terra, Fábio de Souza; Marziale, Maria Helena Palucci; Robazzi, Maria Lúcia do Carmo Cruz

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-esteem of Nursing faculty in public and private universities and compare the measures presented by two groups of teachers. This descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with 71 teachers from two universities (public and private) from a municipality in the south of the State of Minas Gerais. After pilot testing and validation, A questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used. It was found that most teachers had high self-esteem, with no significant difference between the two groups. When the continuous scores on this scale were analyzed, there was a significant difference between universities, showing that the private university teachers had lower self-esteem scores. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale showed high value for coefficient alpha. It was concluded that self-esteem was high predominantly in the studied teachers, but those from the private university had lower scores. These data may help institutions to reflect on the issue and invest in building healthy environments, with the worker/teacher of Nursing as the protagonist, which represents advancement in the knowledge of the subject in the field of Nursing.

Assessment of knowledge about childhood autism among medical students from private and public universities in Karachi.

PubMed

Shaukat, Farah; Fatima, Ambreen; Zehra, Nosheen; Hussein, Mohammed Amirali Ghulam; Ismail, Ozair

2014-11-01

To assess the knowledge about childhood autism among fourth year medical students in public and private medical universities of a metropolitan city. The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Karachi from January to August 2012. Two medical universities--one each from public and private sectors--were selected using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Fourth year medical students present at the time of data collection were included in the study. Data collection was done by Knowledge About Childhood Autism Among Health Worker questionnaire from fourth year medical students. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Of the 157 students in the study, 62(39.6%) were males and 95(60.4%) were females; 84(43.5%) were from public medical university and 73(46.5%) were from private university. Total mean score obtained out of the maximum 25 was 12.30±4.71. The mean score obtained by public medical students was 12.40±4.69 and 12.1±4.76 by those of private university. The scores reflected shortcoming in knowledge about childhood autism among the study population. In order to bridge knowledge deficit, awareness-generation activities must be held more frequently.

Public-Private Cooperation in the Department of Defense: A Framework for Analysis and Recommendations for Action (Defense Horizons, October 2012)

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-10-01

requirements de - fined by the public sector. CRADAs leverage private sector resources and knowledge to meet the needs of government agencies at no financial...situations helps resolve barriers to cooperation. The evolution of CRA- DAs offers insight into how DOD can interact with multiple partners in a mutually...actions among multiple private power companies, the public sector (at Federal, state, local, and tribal levels), and third parties (hos- pitals

The Use of Private Security by the United Kingdom and the Subsequent Impacts on Operational Planning

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-22

2003 and 2008.4 The UK and US dominate the global market for private military companies.5 Therefore, scholarly research on the UK should help explain...provide a certain military skill applicable to the conduct of warfare. Deborah Avant, in her 2005 work The Market for Force : The Consequences of...International Security," International Security 26, no. 3 (Winter 2001-2002): 186. 14Deborah D. Avant, The Market for Force : The Consequences of Privatizing

Predictors of Return to Work for People with Psychiatric Disabilities: A Private Sector Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pluta, David J.; Accordino, Michael P.

2006-01-01

This investigation was a baseline study to determine if the speed of return to work could be predicted for people with psychiatric disabilities in a private sector setting. Participants with psychiatric disability claims who returned to work (N = 300) were obtained from a nationwide "Fortune 500" insurance company. The authors compared the speed…

49 CFR 23.39 - What other certification requirements apply in the case of ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the firm and its key personnel to perform the concession contracts or other contracts it wishes to... private terminal owners or lessees are not authorized to certify firms as ACDBEs. As a car rental company or private terminal owner or lessee, you must obtain ACDBE participation from firms which a recipient...

49 CFR 23.39 - What other certification requirements apply in the case of ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... the firm and its key personnel to perform the concession contracts or other contracts it wishes to... private terminal owners or lessees are not authorized to certify firms as ACDBEs. As a car rental company or private terminal owner or lessee, you must obtain ACDBE participation from firms which a recipient...

49 CFR 23.39 - What other certification requirements apply in the case of ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... the firm and its key personnel to perform the concession contracts or other contracts it wishes to... private terminal owners or lessees are not authorized to certify firms as ACDBEs. As a car rental company or private terminal owner or lessee, you must obtain ACDBE participation from firms which a recipient...

49 CFR 23.39 - What other certification requirements apply in the case of ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... the firm and its key personnel to perform the concession contracts or other contracts it wishes to... private terminal owners or lessees are not authorized to certify firms as ACDBEs. As a car rental company or private terminal owner or lessee, you must obtain ACDBE participation from firms which a recipient...

49 CFR 23.39 - What other certification requirements apply in the case of ACDBEs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... the firm and its key personnel to perform the concession contracts or other contracts it wishes to... private terminal owners or lessees are not authorized to certify firms as ACDBEs. As a car rental company or private terminal owner or lessee, you must obtain ACDBE participation from firms which a recipient...

The Private Management of Public Schools: The Dade County, Florida, Experience.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edwards, Deborah Lawson

In 1990, the Dade County Public School System (DCPS) in Dade County, Florida, entered into a 5-year contract with a private company, Educational Alternatives Incorporated (EAI), to manage the educational services at South Pointe Elementary School. This paper presents findings of an evaluation of the DCPS-EAI collaboration at South Pointe. Data…

Relationships among Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Learning Organization Culture in One Korean Private Organization

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lim, Taejo

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study is to identify dynamic relationships among organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and learning organization culture in a Korean private company. Using a sample of 669 employees from five subsidiaries of a Korean conglomerate, this research found that learning organization culture is moderately and positively related…

Comparison of university and private-practice orthodontic treatment outcomes with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system.

PubMed

Cook, Devon R; Harris, Edward F; Vaden, James L

2005-06-01

Treatment outcomes and duration of treatment for patients treated in university graduate orthodontic programs and private orthodontic practices were assessed and compared with the ABO objective grading system. The treatment records of 139 randomly selected adolescents who had received comprehensive orthodontic treatment were examined. Seventy-seven subjects had been treated in 3 postgraduate orthodontic clinics, and 62 had been treated in 3 private orthodontic practices. Pretreatment, all subjects had Class II Division 1 malocclusions and ANB angles equal to or greater than 4 degrees . All patients were treated with premolar extractions. Posttreatment dental casts were measured and scored with the ABO objective grading system. No significant differences were found between the groups in the alignment, buccolingual inclination, and overjet components. Patients treated in private practice had significantly lower scores for marginal ridge height and occlusal relationship. Patients treated in the university programs had significantly lower scores for occlusal contact and interproximal contact components. There was no significant difference in the overall score, thus no significant difference in the overall quality of orthodontic treatment outcome between patients treated in university programs and private practices. However, the university group had a significantly larger sample variance for the overall score. There was no significant difference in the duration of the treatment between patients treated in a university setting and in a private practice.

Adherence of private health system hospitals to dissemination of outcomes according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) model

PubMed Central

Machado, Celso; César, Robson Danúbio da Silva; de Souza, Maria Tereza Saraiva

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Objective To verify if there is an analogy between the indicators of the Global Reporting Initiative adopted by hospitals in the private healthcare system. Methods Documentary research supported by reports that are electronically available on the website of the companies surveyed. Results The organizations surveyed had a significant adherence of their economic, social and environmental indicators of the model proposed by the Global Reporting Initiative, showing an analogous field of common indicators between them. Conclusion There is similarity between the indicators adopted by companies, but one of the hospitals analyzed had a greater number of converging indicators to Global Reporting Initiative. PMID:29091158

Catalogo General de Universidades, 1970-1971: Federacion de Universidades Privadas de America Central y Panama (General Catalog of Universities, 1970-1971: Federation of Private Universities of Central America and Panama).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Federacion de Universidades Privadas de America Central y Panama, Guatemala City (Guatemala).

This document contains the 1970-1971 catalogues of five universities belonging to the Federation of Private Universities of Central America and Panama (FUPAC). The catalogues provide information on university administrators and staff, historical background, admission requirements, degree programs, scholarships, and courses. The catalogues included…

Industry-University Collaborations in Canada, Japan, the UK and USA – With Emphasis on Publication Freedom and Managing the Intellectual Property Lock-Up Problem

PubMed Central

Kneller, Robert; Mongeon, Marcel; Cope, Jeff; Garner, Cathy; Ternouth, Philip

2014-01-01

As industry-university collaborations are promoted to commercialize university research and foster economic growth, it is important to understand how companies benefit from these collaborations, and to ensure that resulting academic discoveries are developed for the benefit of all stakeholders: companies, universities and public. Lock up of inventions, and censoring of academic publications, should be avoided if feasible. This case-study analysis of interviews with 90 companies in Canada, Japan, the UK and USA assesses the scope of this challenge and suggests possible resolutions. The participating companies were asked to describe an important interaction with universities, and most described collaborative research. The most frequently cited tensions concerned intellectual property management and publication freedom. IP disagreements were most frequent in the context of narrowly-focused collaborations with American universities. However, in the case of exploratory research, companies accepted the IP management practices of US universities. It might make sense to let companies have an automatic exclusive license to IP from narrowly defined collaborations, but to encourage universities to manage inventions from exploratory collaborations to ensure development incentives. Although Canada, the UK and US have strong publication freedom guarantees, tensions over this issue arose frequently in focused collaborations, though were rare in exploratory collaborations. The UK Lambert Agreements give sponsors the option to control publications in return for paying the full economic cost of a project. This may offer a model for the other three countries. Uniquely among the four countries, Japan enables companies to control exclusively most collaborative inventions and to censor academic publications. Despite this high degree of control, the interviews suggest many companies do not develop university discoveries to their full potential. The steps suggested above may rebalance the situation in Japan. Overall, the interviews reveal the complexity of these issues and the need for flexibility on the part of universities and companies. PMID:24632805

Taking Control of Enrollment Management at Small Private Universities: Creating an Interactive Interface

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maltz, Elliot

2007-01-01

Enrollment management is a process critical to most small private universities that rely on tuition for a significant portion of their operating budgets. Often these universities rely on outside consultants to help them in performing this important process. This case study describes how university assets were used to create an interactive…

Massification of University Education in Nigeria: Private Participation and Cost Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahunanya, S.; Chineze, U.; Nnennaya, I.

2013-01-01

This study investigated the massification of university education in Nigeria as a result of the reforms in the education subsector that led to private participation in the provision of university education from 1999. The question of the study hinges on the percentage of access and if the increased number of universities has led to increased…

Effect of Learning Organization Perception to the Organizational Commitment: A Comparison between Private and Public University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Balay, Refik

2012-01-01

This research aims to examine the impact of faculty members' learning organization perceptions to the organizational commitment through quantitative method. The study group consists of 172 faculty members working in two universities, which are private (Zirve University) and public (Harran University) ones. The research results show that faculty…

Causes, Consequences and Control of Students' Crises in Public and Private Universities in Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adeyemi, T. O.

2009-01-01

This paper investigated the causes, consequences and control of students' crises in public and private universities in Nigeria. Students' crises involve making protest by students' in pressing their demand on various issues with university authorities. In this regard, the study population comprised all the 81 universities in the country from which…

Promoting High Quality Education at Small Private Universities: Leadership Challenges and Strategies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ngo, Kim Lien Thi

2010-01-01

The problem: The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics, roles, and contributions of non-profit, small private universities to the overall quality of higher education in the United States, as well as leadership challenges and strategies in promoting a total quality education at small private higher education institutions. …

Public-Private Partnership in Higher Education: Central Queensland University Meets Campus Management Services

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodan, Paul

2016-01-01

Massive growth in the numbers of fee-paying international students and an increasing private sector role are two of the most salient features of Australian higher education in the past quarter century. Both these trends were evident in a little known partnership, involving a public regional university and a private entrepreneur, which had its…

What Works in Student Retention? Fourth National Survey. Private Four-Year Colleges and Universities Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ACT, Inc., 2010

2010-01-01

This report presents the findings for private four-year colleges that participated in ACT's 2010 What Works in Student Retention survey. The report contains information pertinent to only these institutions. Appended are: (1) Data for Private Four-Year Colleges and Universities; and (2) What Works in Student Retention: Instrument. (Contains 15…

Corporate Language: The Blind Spot of Language Policy? Reflections on France's Loi Toubon

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saulière, Jérôme

2014-01-01

This article looks at France's Loi Toubon, which mandates the use of French in private companies, to illustrate how macro-level language planning reaches a dead end if it fails to consider local contexts and involve micro-level agents. The motivations, limitations and contradictions of France's language policy in relation to companies are…

Assertive Communication and Teamwork: Results of an Intervention Program to the Supervisors of a Company

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montes de Oca, Jesús H.

2014-01-01

The study aimed to determine the effect of the implementation of the program "Manage your Talent" on assertive communication and teamwork competences. A quasi-experimental research design was used with pretest - intervention - post-test with control group. The sample included 28 supervisors from a private company, 13 in the experimental…

Sharing the Load

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reid, Karla Scoon

2005-01-01

For more than 10 years, the education community has watched the corporate ups and downs of Edison Schools Inc., the New York City company that has created controversy with its aim of making money from public schools. Long a target of those wary of such aims, the now privately held Edison made headlines with its four-year run as a public company,…

Nurse staffing and deficiencies in the largest for-profit nursing home chains and chains owned by private equity companies.

PubMed

Harrington, Charlene; Olney, Brian; Carrillo, Helen; Kang, Taewoon

2012-02-01

To compare staffing levels and deficiencies of the 10 largest U.S. for-profit nursing home chains with five other ownership groups and chain staffing and deficiencies before and after purchase by four private equity (PE) companies. Facilities for the largest for-profit chains were identified through Internet searches and company reports and matched with federal secondary data for 2003-2008 for each ownership group. Descriptive statistics and generalized estimation equation panel regression models examined staffing and deficiencies by ownership groups in the 2003-2008 period, controlling for facility characteristics, resident acuity, and market factors with state fixed effects. The top 10 for-profit chains had lower registered nurse and total nurse staffing hours than government facilities, controlling for other factors. The top 10 chains received 36 percent higher deficiencies and 41 percent higher serious deficiencies than government facilities. Other for-profit facilities also had lower staffing and higher deficiencies than government facilities. The chains purchased by PE companies showed little change in staffing levels, but the number of deficiencies and serious deficiencies increased in some postpurchase years compared with the prepurchase period. There is a need for greater study of large for-profit chains as well as those chains purchased by PE companies. © Health Research and Educational Trust.

Dystonia

MedlinePlus

... advocacy groups, as well as private sector pharmaceutical companies. This extensive cooperation will greatly facilitate research because there are many types of dystonia, often seen by different subspecialists, and ...

75 FR 8049 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection Requests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-23

... Management. Institute of Education Sciences Type of Review: Revision. Title: Private School Universe Survey...: 15,867. Burden Hours: 3,186. Abstract: Since 1989, the Private School Universe Survey (PSS) provides...

Family, Learning Environments, Learning Approaches, and Student Outcomes in a Malaysian Private University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kek, Megan A. Yih Chyn; Darmawan, I. Gusti Ngurah; Chen, Yu Sui

2007-01-01

This article presents the quantitative findings from a mixed methods study of students and faculty at a private medical university in Malaysia. In particular, the relationships among students' individual characteristics, general self-efficacy, family context, university and classroom learning environments, curriculum, approaches to learning, and…

Student Unions: The Implications for Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Felper, David; Dragga, Anthony

2015-01-01

Efforts to unionize students at private universities are gaining momentum. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) has agreed to reconsider whether graduate students at private nonprofit colleges and universities should be treated as employees under the National Labor Relations Act. The case, "New School", Case No. 02- RC-143009,…

The Impact of University Religious Affiliation on Presidential Leadership Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Savior, Richard David

2014-01-01

Colleges and universities in the United States face a set of significant and progressive challenges requiring exemplary senior leadership. The purpose of this study was to measure and analyze the senior leadership practices at private/secular and private/religious affiliated colleges and universities to identify differences in leadership practices…

Academic Probation: An Empirical Study of Private University Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahmed, Jashim Uddin; Chowdhury, Md. Humayun Kabir; Rahman, Sheehan; Talukder, A. K. M. Mominul Haque

2014-01-01

This study examines the factors contributing to academic probation in university settings and highlights the problems that students encounter in higher education institutions in Bangladesh. The study focused on students facing academic probation on two private universities in Bangladesh and analyzed students' response with respect to nine…

Exploring Perceptions of Private University Education by Hiring Professionals in Ghana

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mainu, Eric

2012-01-01

This quantitative study explored the perceptions of private university education compared to public university education by hiring professionals in Ghana using four dimensions: quality of degree and diploma programs, credibility of degree and diploma programs, characteristics of graduating student applicants, and skills of graduating student…

The Legal Framework for Establishing Private Universities in Swaziland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mbanze, C. V.; Coetzee, S. A.

2014-01-01

This article draws on a doctoral study which investigated the legal and management frameworks required for establishing private universities in Swaziland. The focus is particularly on the legal framework for establishing the Southern Africa Nazarene University (SANU). Managers involved in establishing SANU encountered a lack of both specific…

Collision course: the privatization of graduate medical education at one university.

PubMed

Klasko, Stephen K; Ekarius, John C

2007-03-01

On December 18, 2003, Tenet Healthcare Corporation, an investor-owned hospital corporation, announced the closure of Medical College of Pennsylvania Hospital, a historic institution that was home to many of Drexel University College of Medicine's (DUCOM's) faculty, residents, and medical students. The authors summarize the steps that were taken and lessons learned to avoid a disruption in the education of over 200 residents. The authors highlight the response by the medical school; the concerns of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME); the interaction between the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the ACGME; the importance of the designated institutional official (DIO) in a crisis situation; and the role of residents as students versus employees when their employer wishes to move or "trade" them to another institution. Through the lens of the DUCOM experience, the authors explore the legal, political, and educational conflicts that occur when an investor-owned company or private hospital employs residents but another entity holds moral and academic accountability for their future. Finally, the authors outline five lessons learned: (1) the important role the ACGME plays as the educational conscience of graduate medical education (GME), (2) the dramatically different roles that the ACGME and the CMS play in regulating and funding the national GME system, (3) the need for constant communication with the affected residents, (4) the important role that the DIO plays in GME, and (5) the need for medical school leaders to remain focused on their educational mission and responsibilities to young physicians.

A business strategy formulation for commercializing university-created technology: A university spin-offs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saputra, Iqbal Wahyu; Sutopo, Wahyudi; Zakaria, Roni

2018-02-01

There are some mechanism to commercialize the innovations that have been developed by academic scientists in universities, i.e. patenting, licensing, start-up creation, and university-industry partnerships. The start-up creations or university spin-offs (USOs) company is a very special start-up company that is founded by an academic inventor and the university with the aim to commercialize the technological innovation that created by the university. However, it is not always as smooth as expected. The market competitiveness of the USOs obviously has many challenges to be able to compete with the existing companies, analysis need to be done to get the right business step so the business strategy will be efficient. In this article, we discuss a real case study of a university spin-off that owned by Sebelas Maret University for Commercializing Battery Lithium. The aim of our research is twofold: first, to identify the gap in the literature of business strategy formulation between a conventional and USOs. Second, to propose a business strategy formulation for commercializing university-created technology, i.e. battery lithium as core business of a university spin-off as a case study. We conduct surveys, observation and FGD in order to collect the data and information to build the company objective and goals. The analytical tools to generate the solution of business strategy are SWOT analysis, IFE-EFE matrix, and QSPM model so the result will be the most attractive and suitable for the company. The result shows that the case study of USO company is classified on conservative continuous improvement phase so the suitable strategy for this company are product development and business strategy integration.

165. Photocopy of Photograph (original in Roger Lewis' private collection). ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

165. Photocopy of Photograph (original in Roger Lewis' private collection). Photographer and date unknown. MILNER DAM, TWIN FALLS COUNTY, MILNER IDAHO; CRANES USED TO PLACE ROCK ON DAM; NOTE ELECTRIC RAILROAD CAR AT LEFT. - Milner Dam & Main Canal: Twin Falls Canal Company, On Snake River, 11 miles West of city of Burley, Idaho, Twin Falls, Twin Falls County, ID

161. Photocopy of Photograph (original in Roger Lewis' private collection, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

161. Photocopy of Photograph (original in Roger Lewis' private collection, Twin Falls, Idaho). Photographer and date unknown. MILNER DAM, SOUTH SIDE CANAL, TWIN FALLS COUNTY, MILNER, IDAHO; WORKERS AT CAMP AT HEAD OF CANAL. - Milner Dam & Main Canal: Twin Falls Canal Company, On Snake River, 11 miles West of city of Burley, Idaho, Twin Falls, Twin Falls County, ID

78 FR 2656 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Construction Progress Reporting Survey

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-14

... Respondents: C-700 = 4,500 C-700(R) = 2,000 C-700(SL) = 12,500 C-700(F) = 2,000 TOTAL = 21,000 Estimated Time... collection for forms C-700, Private Construction Projects; C-700(R), Multifamily Residential Projects; C-700... nonresidential projects owned by private companies or individuals. The Form C-700(R), Multifamily Residential...

12 CFR 225.173 - How are investments in private equity funds treated under this subpart?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... inconsistent with the authority granted under section 4(k)(4)(H) of the Bank Holding Company Act (12 U.S.C. 1843(k)(4)(H)) or evading the limitations governing merchant banking investments contained in this... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How are investments in private equity funds...

PICs, TECs and LECs: Lessons to Be Learnt from the Differences between the USA Private Industry Councils and Britain's Training and Enterprise Councils.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Robert J.

1994-01-01

Comparison of Britain's Training and Enterprise Councils/Local Enterprise Companies with the United States' Private Industry Councils (PICs) shows common problems: inadequate financing, labor market fragmentation, staff turnover, and lack of national strategy. PICs have a clearer mission and greater success in developing partnerships with local…

Exploring the Effects of Managerial Ownership on the Decision to Go Private: A Behavioral Agency Model Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valenti, Alix; Schneider, Marguerite

2012-01-01

This paper utilizes the behavioral agency model to investigate why many formerly public companies have been converted to privately held corporations. Using a matched pairs sample and categorical binary regression, and controlling for effects found in previous studies, we explore how the equity ownership of those entrusted to manage firms, the…

Multiple Dimensions of Private Information: Evidence from the Long-Term Care Insurance Market.

PubMed

Finkelstein, Amy; McGarry, Kathleen

2006-09-01

We demonstrate the existence of multiple dimensions of private information in the long-term care insurance market. Two types of people purchase insurance: individuals with private information that they are high risk and individuals with private information that they have strong taste for insurance. Ex post, the former are higher risk than insurance companies expect, while the latter are lower risk. In aggregate, those with more insurance are not higher risk. Our results demonstrate that insurance markets may suffer from asymmetric information even absent a positive correlation between insurance coverage and risk occurrence. The results also suggest a general test for asymmetric information.

Multiple Dimensions of Private Information: Evidence from the Long-Term Care Insurance Market

PubMed Central

Finkelstein, Amy; McGarry, Kathleen

2010-01-01

We demonstrate the existence of multiple dimensions of private information in the long-term care insurance market. Two types of people purchase insurance: individuals with private information that they are high risk and individuals with private information that they have strong taste for insurance. Ex post, the former are higher risk than insurance companies expect, while the latter are lower risk. In aggregate, those with more insurance are not higher risk. Our results demonstrate that insurance markets may suffer from asymmetric information even absent a positive correlation between insurance coverage and risk occurrence. The results also suggest a general test for asymmetric information. PMID:21253439

[The health system of Brazil].

PubMed

Montekio, Víctor Becerril; Medina, Guadalupe; Aquino, Rosana

2011-01-01

This paper describes the Brazilian health system, which includes a public sector covering almost 75% of the population and an expanding private sector offering health services to the rest of the population. The public sector is organized around the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) and it is financed with general taxes and social contributions collected by the three levels of government (federal, state and municipal). SUS provides health care through a decentralized network of clinics, hospitals and other establishments, as well as through contracts with private providers. SUS is also responsible for the coordination of the public sector. The private sector includes a system of insurance schemes known as Supplementary Health which is financed by employers and/or households: group medicine (companies and households), medical cooperatives, the so called Self-Administered Plans (companies) and individual insurance plans.The private sector also includes clinics, hospitals and laboratories offering services on out-of-pocket basis mostly used by the high-income population. This paper also describes the resources of the system, the stewardship activities developed by the Ministry of Health and other actors, and the most recent policy innovations implemented in Brazil, including the programs saúde da Familia and Mais Saúde.

Private Cost of Education: A Comparative Study of Distance and Campus-Based University Students in Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olakulehin, Felix K.; Panda, Santosh K.

2011-01-01

This paper examines the comparative private costs of distance and conventional (classroom-based) university students in Nigeria. A total of 200 subjects comprising students registered for the B.Sc. Computer Science and B.A. English Studies programmes at the University of Lagos, Nigeria and the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) were…

How Leadership Styles in Academia Align to Achieve Success within the Tanzanian Catholic Universities System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vumilia, Philbert L.

2015-01-01

Public and private universities in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and elsewhere in Africa have been experiencing all-time high expansion since the late 1990s. This rush to expand both public and private universities has seriously impacted both the physical infrastructure as well as the effective leadership that new universities require. At the same…

Students' Usage of Facebook for Academic Purposes: A Case Study of Public and Private Universities in Thailand

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thongteeraparp, Ampai

2013-01-01

The objective of this research was to examine how Thai university students used Facebook for academic purposes and how public university students differed from private university students in this regard. This was an exploratory research where a questionnaire was used to collect data from 460 undergraduate students in Bangkok, Thailand. The data…

The Impact of Faculty of Study on Students' Satisfaction: A Study of Four Private Universities in Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olufunke, Oluwunmi Adedamola

2015-01-01

Due to the increasing number of educational institutions in Nigeria, Universities (particularly private Universities) are competing to attract more students into their faculties. In a bid to achieve this goal, these Universities are making all efforts to satisfy their students. This paper therefore examines the impact of the faculty of study on…

Defense Programs benchmarking in Chicago, April 1994: Identifying best practices in the pollution prevention programs of selected private industries

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1995-12-01

The Office of Defense Programs (DP) was the first US Department of Energy (DOE) Cognizant Secretarial Office (CSO) to attempt to benchmark private industries for best-in-class practices in the field of pollution prevention. Defense Programs` intent in this effort is to identify and bring to DOE field offices strategic and technological tools that have helped private companies minimize waste and prevent pollution. Defense Programs` premier benchmarking study focused on business practices and process improvements used to implement exceptional pollution prevention programs in four privately owned companies. The current interest in implementing partnerships information exchange, and technology transfer with the privatemore » sector prompted DP to continue to seek best practices in the area of pollution prevention through a second benchmarking endeavor in May 1994. This report presents the results of that effort. The decision was made to select host facilities that own processes similar to those at DOE plants and laboratories, that have programs that have been recognized on a local or national level, that have an interest in partnering with the Department on an information-sharing basis, and that are located in proximity to each other. The DP benchmarking team assessed the pollution prevention programs of five companies in the Chicago area--GE Plastics, Navistar, Northrop Corporation, Sundstrand and Caterpillar. At all facilities visited, Ozone Depleting Compounds (ODCs), hazardous wastes, releases under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), waste water and non-hazardous wastes are being eliminated, replaced, reduced, recycled and reused whenever practicable.« less

University-Private Sector Research Partnerships in the Innovation Ecosystem

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-11-01

private sector . There are several trends that PCAST considers to fall specifically within context of university- private sector research partnerships. The first is the growing imbalance between the academic research capacity and the Federal research budget. The second development is the reduction in basic research performed by the industrial sector. Private foundations are expanding their capacity to fund research, a trend expected to be important in the future. Lastly, the accelerating speed of technological development requires new methods of

75 FR 22122 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-27

.... Institute of Education Sciences Type of Review: Revision. Title: Private School Universe Survey (PSS) 2010...: 15,867. Burden Hours: 3,186. Abstract: Since 1989, the Private School Universe Survey (PSS) provides...

Particulate emission abatement for Krakow boiler houses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wysk, S.R.; Surowka, J.

1995-11-01

Environmental clean-up and pollution control are considered top priorities in Poland. The magnitude of environmental problems and public awareness of it has forced the Polish government to implement more aggressive regulatory controls. The extent of this condition has in fact prompted the government to designate pollution control a a top priority for foreign investment. During the past five years, Poland has also made significant progress in reorienting its central-planned economy to one based on open market principals. Efforts to decentralize has led to the privatization of many government-owned businesses with a concomitant shift in buying decisions to privately-owned enterprises. Thismore » movement toward privatizing the economy along with cleaning and protecting the environment has created numerous business opportunities for both Polish and foreign companies. As a result, there has been a drastic downsizing of large formerly state-owned companies. And, new startups and small businesses have become the main hope in reviving the Polish economy.« less

Hydro development in Costa Rica

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Young, C.F.

The initial foreign thrust of private power activities was quite naturally by large companies acquiring existing government-owned facilities in relatively large countries. Only recently, it seems, people have discovered that there are countries in Latin America other than Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico, and that there is interest in having the private sector construct new (and often smaller) facilities, with an increasing emphasis on renewable energy. Costa Rica passed its private power law in 1991 and has clearly been the most progressive country in Central America in promoting greenfield development of private power projects. The country has not been exempt, however,more » from the cyclical nature of the support that governments, utilities and regulatory agencies give to private power producers. The initial enthusiasm and willingness to encourage private power producers inevitably give way to requirements and procedures which impair if not thwart the initial intentions of the private power laws.« less

New Private Universities in Kuwait Pin Their Hopes on U.S. Partners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mills, Andrew

2009-01-01

When Kuwait lifted a ban on private higher education less than a decade ago, it decided that the best way to ensure the development of academically sound universities was to require all new institutions to have foreign partners. That policy has helped the country rapidly build a credible private higher-education system where none existed before.…

Transformational Leadership Characteristics of College and University Presidents of Private, Title III and Title V-Eligible Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hempowicz, Christine D.

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the transformational leadership characteristics of college and university presidents of private Title III and Title V-eligible institutions. Private institutions of higher education comprise approximately half of the total post-secondary institutions in the U.S. However, they are at greater risk for…

Attitudes and Perceptions about Private Philanthropic Giving to Arizona Community Colleges and Universities: Implications for Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martinez, George Andrew

2009-01-01

Wide disparity exists in philanthropic giving to public, two-year community colleges as compared to public, four-year universities. Recent estimates indicate that 0.5 to 5% of all private philanthropic giving to U.S. higher education annually goes to public, two-year community colleges, with the remainder going to public and private four-year…

A Comparison of Expenditures and Revenues at Independent and Public Colleges and Universities in Maryland. Postsecondary Education Research Reports.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allard, Sandra

Revenues and expenditures at public and private colleges and universities in Maryland were analyzed and compared with national patterns. State Board for Higher Education (SBHE) guidelines were also consulted. Expenditure patterns of public and private colleges are similar. However, private colleges are most dependent on tuition and fees and income…

Private sector involvement in times of armed conflict: What are the constraints for trading medical equipment?

PubMed

Schmidt, Georg

Today, healthcare facilities are highly dependent on the private sector to keep their medical equipment functioning. Moreover, private sector involvement becomes particularly important for the supply of spare parts and consumables. However, in times of armed conflict, the capacity of the corporate world appears to be seriously hindered. Subsequently, this study researches the influence of armed conflict on the private medical equipment sector. This study follows a qualitative approach by conducting 19 interviews with representatives of the corporate world in an active conflict zone. A semistructured interview guide, consisting of 10 questions, was used to examine the constraints of this sector. The results reveal that the lack of skilled personnel, complicated importation procedures, and a decrease in financial capacity are the major constraints faced by private companies dealing in medical equipment in conflict zones. Even when no official sanctions and embargoes for medical items exist, constraints for trading medical equipment are clearly recognizable. Countries at war would benefit from a centralized structure that deals with the importation procedures for medical items, to assist local companies in their purchasing procedures. A high degree of adaption is needed to continue operating, despite the emerging constraints of armed conflict. Future studies might research the constraints for manufacturers outside the conflict to export medical items to the country of war.

[What do company health insurance plans provide?

PubMed

Hamiki, R

2016-12-15

Company health insurance plans are a voluntary employer benefit and an increasingly important part of company pension and benefits systems. They enable employers to invest in the health of their employees. They are also a useful modular complement to both statutory and private health insurance. Company health insurance plans allow employers to attract first-rate staff and to retain them for the long term. Employees, in turn, are provided with a variety of attractive additional benefits, for instance treatment by chief physicians, single or double-room hospital accommodation, additional aids and remedies, and a variety of screenings and medical check ups. It is expected that, in the next few years, company health insurance will become very widespread.

Workplace ART programmes: Why do companies invest in them and are they working?

PubMed

George, Gavin

2006-09-01

Prevalence data indicates that certain sectors within the private sector are particularly affected by HIV/AIDS. Companies in southern Africa began implementing treatment programmes in early 2002 as the corporate sector came to realise the financial imperative of offsetting employee morbidity and mortality. This article sets about to explain the rationale behind antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes within the private sector while uncovering some of the obstacles businesses face when treating HIV-infected employees. Data suggest that in many cases employees' uptake of voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) and ART are slow. At this early stage of workplace treatment provision, data indicate that employers must seek ways to increase uptake of VCT and treatment in an attempt to make programmes more cost-effective.

Enhancing private sector engagement: Louisiana's business emergency operations centre.

PubMed

Day, Jamison M; Strother, Shannon; Kolluru, Ramesh; Booth, Joseph; Rawls, Jason; Calderon, Andres

2010-07-01

Public sector emergency management is more effective when it coordinates its efforts with private sector companies that can provide useful capabilities faster, cheaper and better than government agencies. A business emergency operations centre (EOC) provides a space for private sector and non-governmental organisations to gather together in support of government efforts. This paper reviews business-related EOC practices in multiple US states and details the development of a new business EOC by the State of Louisiana, including lessons learned in response to the May 2010 oil spill.

Mixed Messages on Climate Science

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grifo, F.; Gutman, B. L.; Veysey, D.; El Gamal, A.

2011-12-01

While the private sector has a strong interest in climate science, and much at stake as the world comes to terms with the impacts of climate change, their legacy of climate denial has left the public confused. A few companies openly reject the basic science that ties emissions of greenhouse gases from human activities to warming temperatures and other consequences. Many companies play into the confusion by boasting of their green strategies while lobbying against climate bills. Still others joined pro-climate coalitions while donating heavily to politicians who openly reject the science of climate change. Many companies stand to see their business greatly affected by regulations to control greenhouse gas emissions or directly by changing weather patterns, rising sea levels, and varying water availability. Public statements, political activity, and corporate affiliations reveal inconsistent corporate postures. Congress, individuals, and the private sector can all play critical roles in holding corporate America to a higher standard bringing more clarity to science based climate policy discussions.

Internationalization of Higher Education: A Case Study of Three Korean Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bang, Yonghwan

2013-01-01

This study investigates the current practices of internationalization at three private universities in Korea. It seeks to describe how and why the universities began internationalizing their campuses, and what strategies and programs they have implemented based on the role of presidential leadership. In analyzing the leader's role in implementing…

Public-Private Partnership and Infrastructural Development in Nigerian Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oduwaiye, R. O.; Sofoluwe, A. O.; Bello, T. O.; Durosaro, I. A.

2014-01-01

This study investigated the degree to which Public-Private Partnership (PPP) services are related to infrastructural development in Nigerian Universities. The research design used was descriptive survey method. The population for the study encompassed all the 20 universities in South-west Nigeria. Stratified random sampling was used to select 12…

The Psychology of Black Males Attending Urban Private Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marks, Bryant T.; Smith, Chauncey; Madison, Jordan; Junior, Cary

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to describe the psychology of Black males attending private, not-for-profit, colleges and universities in urban areas. Surveys were administered over three semesters to 886 Black male college students attending 28 national colleges/universities in various urban settings across the United States. The psychological…

Online Disclosure of University Social Responsibility: A Comparative Study of Public and Private US Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garde Sánchez, Raquel; Rodríguez Bolívar, Manuel Pedro; López-Hernández, Antonio M.

2013-01-01

Public and private universities tasked with incorporating principles of social responsibility (SR) into their activities face the multiple challenges of addressing expectations of diverse stakeholders, establishing mechanisms for dialogue, and achieving greater information transparency. This article has two goals: first, to analyze whether SR has…

39 CFR 320.4 - Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... university organizations. 320.4 Section 320.4 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE RESTRICTIONS ON PRIVATE CARRIAGE OF LETTERS SUSPENSION OF THE PRIVATE EXPRESS STATUTES § 320.4 Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and...

39 CFR 320.4 - Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... university organizations. 320.4 Section 320.4 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE RESTRICTIONS ON PRIVATE CARRIAGE OF LETTERS SUSPENSION OF THE PRIVATE EXPRESS STATUTES § 320.4 Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and...

39 CFR 320.4 - Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... university organizations. 320.4 Section 320.4 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE RESTRICTIONS ON PRIVATE CARRIAGE OF LETTERS SUSPENSION OF THE PRIVATE EXPRESS STATUTES § 320.4 Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and...

39 CFR 320.4 - Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... university organizations. 320.4 Section 320.4 Postal Service UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE RESTRICTIONS ON PRIVATE CARRIAGE OF LETTERS SUSPENSION OF THE PRIVATE EXPRESS STATUTES § 320.4 Suspension for certain letters of college and university organizations. The operation of 39 U.S.C. 601(a) (1) through (6) and...

Size and usage patterns of private TB drug markets in the high burden countries.

PubMed

Wells, William A; Ge, Colin Fan; Patel, Nitin; Oh, Teresa; Gardiner, Elizabeth; Kimerling, Michael E

2011-05-04

Tuberculosis (TB) control is considered primarily a public health concern, and private sector TB treatment has attracted less attention. Thus, the size and characteristics of private sector TB drug sales remain largely unknown. We used IMS Health data to analyze private TB drug consumption in 10 high burden countries (HBCs), after first mapping how well IMS data coverage overlapped with private markets. We defined private markets as any channels not used or influenced by national TB programs. Private markets in four countries--Pakistan, the Philippines, Indonesia and India--had the largest relative sales volumes; annually, they sold enough first line TB drugs to provide 65-117% of the respective countries' estimated annual incident cases with a standard 6-8 month regimen. First line drug volumes in five countries were predominantly fixed dose combinations (FDCs), but predominantly loose drugs in the other five. Across 10 countries, these drugs were available in 37 (loose drug) plus 74 (FDCs) distinct strengths. There were 54 distinct, significant first line manufacturers (range 2-11 per country), and most companies sold TB drugs in only a single study country. FDC markets were, however, more concentrated, with 4 companies capturing 69% of FDC volume across the ten countries. Among second line drugs, fluoroquinolones were widely available, with significant volumes used for TB in India, Pakistan and Indonesia. However, certain WHO-recommended drugs were not available and in general there were insufficient drug volumes to cover the majority of the expected burden of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Private TB drug markets in several HBCs are substantial, stable, and complicated. This calls for appropriate policy and market responses, including expansion of Public-Private Mix (PPM) programs, greater reach, flexibility and appeal of public programs, regulatory and quality enforcement, and expansion of public MDR-TB treatment programs.

Size and Usage Patterns of Private TB Drug Markets in the High Burden Countries

PubMed Central

Wells, William A.; Ge, Colin Fan; Patel, Nitin; Oh, Teresa; Gardiner, Elizabeth; Kimerling, Michael E.

2011-01-01

Background Tuberculosis (TB) control is considered primarily a public health concern, and private sector TB treatment has attracted less attention. Thus, the size and characteristics of private sector TB drug sales remain largely unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings We used IMS Health data to analyze private TB drug consumption in 10 high burden countries (HBCs), after first mapping how well IMS data coverage overlapped with private markets. We defined private markets as any channels not used or influenced by national TB programs. Private markets in four countries – Pakistan, the Philippines, Indonesia and India – had the largest relative sales volumes; annually, they sold enough first line TB drugs to provide 65–117% of the respective countries' estimated annual incident cases with a standard 6–8 month regimen. First line drug volumes in five countries were predominantly fixed dose combinations (FDCs), but predominantly loose drugs in the other five. Across 10 countries, these drugs were available in 37 (loose drug) plus 74 (FDCs) distinct strengths. There were 54 distinct, significant first line manufacturers (range 2–11 per country), and most companies sold TB drugs in only a single study country. FDC markets were, however, more concentrated, with 4 companies capturing 69% of FDC volume across the ten countries. Among second line drugs, fluoroquinolones were widely available, with significant volumes used for TB in India, Pakistan and Indonesia. However, certain WHO-recommended drugs were not available and in general there were insufficient drug volumes to cover the majority of the expected burden of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Conclusions/Significance Private TB drug markets in several HBCs are substantial, stable, and complicated. This calls for appropriate policy and market responses, including expansion of Public-Private Mix (PPM) programs, greater reach, flexibility and appeal of public programs, regulatory and quality enforcement, and expansion of public MDR-TB treatment programs. PMID:21573227

Woodall publishing company, an important industry source of camping information

Treesearch

Curtis Fuller; Paul Foght; Linda Profaizer

1980-01-01

Since 1967 the Woodall Publishing Company of Highland Park, Ill., has gathered annual statistics on privately owned campgrounds in the United States, Canada and Mexico and to a lesser extent on public campgrounds. At first the information gathered consisted of little more than hand tallies of the number of campgrounds by state and degree of development, of the number...

JPRS Report: Telecommunications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-31

Services, Integrated Business Systems , Computasia, Unitel, Cable Television and Telco Properties. 07310 Cable TV License Bidder Eyes Intermediate...international network: ARPA CNUCE (CNR) Pisa EAN IASI (CNR) Roma EARN CNUCE (CNR) Pisa SPAN INFN (CNR) Bologna UCCP Systems & Management (Private company ...largest interna- tional telecommunications companies , in a joint venture with PTAT Systems Incorporated of the U.S. The cable will form a key link in

Technology transfer: Developing dual-degree programs with major universities in three energy-related careers. Final performance report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1998-02-01

In 1983, Fort Valley State University (FVSU) received start-up funds from the US Department of Energy`s Office of Minority Economic Impact to develop a Cooperative Developmental Energy Program (CDEP). The objective of CDEP is to develop a mutually beneficial long-term synergistic relationship among FVSU, two major universities, and the private and governmental sectors of the nation`s energy industry by creating a technology oriented labor base for minorities and women. FVSU accomplishes this objective by (1) developing dual-degree curricula with the University of Oklahoma and the University of Nevada at Las Vegas in energy related disciplines such as engineering, geosciences, andmore » health physics; (2) by recruiting academically talented minority and female students to pursue careers in the above disciplines; and (3) by developing participatory alliances with major energy companies and governmental agencies via internship, co-op, and employment programs. Since its inception in 1983, CDEP has provided over 650 energy internships for FVSU students, they have gained over 250,000 hours of hands-on work experience, and earned over $3 million to help finance their education. Approximately, 900 students have been in the CDEP program. Over 30 have found employment in the energy industry and approximately 35 have gone on to earn Master`s or Ph.D. degrees.« less

Impact of Job Status and Demographic Trends on Quality Education: A Case Study of Private Universities in Pakistan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ali, Riasat; Khan, Abdul Majeed; Qadeer, Muhammad Zaigham; Shahzad, Saqib

2009-01-01

The major purpose of this paper was to examine the quality of various aspects of higher education in the private sector of Pakistan by adopting a descriptive method of research. The population of the study constituted 270 administrators, 6,180 teachers and 61,108 students in existing 54 private universities and degree-awarding institutions of…

Does an elite education benefit health? Findings from the 1970 British Cohort Study.

PubMed

Bann, David; Hamer, Mark; Parsons, Sam; Ploubidis, George B; Sullivan, Alice

2017-02-01

Attending private school or a higher-status university is thought to benefit future earnings and occupational opportunities. We examined whether these measures were beneficially related to health and selected health-related behaviours in midlife. Data were from up to 9799 participants from the 1970 British birth Cohort Study. The high school attended (private, grammar or state) was ascertained at 16 years, and the university attended reported at 42 years [categorised as either higher (Russell Group) or normal-status institutions]. Self-reported health, limiting illness and body mass index (BMI) were reported at 42 years, along with television viewing, take-away meal consumption, physical inactivity, smoking and high risk alcohol drinking. Associations were examined using multiple regression models, adjusted for gender and childhood socioeconomic, health and cognitive measures. Private school and higher status university attendance were associated with favourable self-rated health and lower BMI, and beneficially associated with health-related-behaviours. For example, private school attendance was associated with 0.56 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48, 0.65] odds of lower self-rated health [odds ratio (OR) for higher-status university: 0.32 (0.27, 0.37)]. Associations were largely attenuated by adjustment for potential confounders, except for those of private schooling and higher-status university attendance with lower BMI and television viewing, and less frequent take-away meal consumption. Private school and higher-status university attendance were related to better self-rated health, lower BMI and multiple favourable health behaviours in midlife. Findings suggest that type or status of education may be an important under-researched construct to consider when documenting and understanding socioeconomic inequalities in health. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.

Problems Solved, Problems Created: A Critical-Case Analysis of a Public-Private Partnership in Alternative Education for At-Risk Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callet, Valerie

2010-01-01

The purpose of the present study was to determine what problems are solved and created when two school districts and one charter school partnered with a private company to provide alternative education to at-risk students. The research also aimed to address lessons learned as well as principal advantages and disadvantages of the partnership. Data…

Marketized Private Tutoring as a Supplement to Regular Schooling: Liberal Studies and the Shadow Sector in Hong Kong Secondary Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chan, Claudia; Bray, Mark

2014-01-01

Around the world, increasing numbers of students receive after-school private supplementary tutoring. Such tutoring may be provided through informal channels or by companies, and it may be received one-to-one, in small groups or in large classes. The tutoring is commonly called shadow education since its content mimics that of regular schooling.…

An Examination of a Virtual Private Network Implementation to Support a Teleworking Initiative: The Marcus Food Company Inc. Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferguson, Jason W.

2010-01-01

In this dissertation, the author examined the capabilities of virtual private networks (VPNs) in supporting teleworking environments for small businesses in the food marketing sector. The goal of this research was to develop an implementation model for small businesses in the food marketing sector that use a VPN solution to support teleworker…

12 CFR 1500.4 - How are investments in private equity funds treated under this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... granted under section 4(k)(4)(H) of the Bank Holding Company Act (12 U.S.C. 1843(k)(4)(H)) or evading the... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false How are investments in private equity funds treated under this part? 1500.4 Section 1500.4 Banks and Banking DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY GENERAL...

12 CFR 1500.4 - How are investments in private equity funds treated under this part?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... granted under section 4(k)(4)(H) of the Bank Holding Company Act (12 U.S.C. 1843(k)(4)(H)) or evading the... 12 Banks and Banking 9 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false How are investments in private equity funds treated under this part? 1500.4 Section 1500.4 Banks and Banking DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY GENERAL...

School Lunch Program: Role and Impacts of Private Food Service Companies. United States General Accounting Office Report to Congressional Committees.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. Resources, Community, and Economic Development Div.

In the Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans Act of 1994, Congress directed the Government Accounting Office (GAO) to examine the use of private food establishments and caterers by schools participating in federal programs for school meals. In conducting its review, the GAO relied primarily on questionnaires returned by food authorities that had…

76 FR 40873 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request-Food Distribution...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-12

... or other forms of information technology. Comments may be sent to: Laura Castro, Branch Chief, Policy... individuals and households, 500 businesses and other for-profit companies, 11,211 private not-for-profit....00 542.37 178,980.93 0.12 21,935.87 Governments Private For Profit 500.00 9.12 4,560.00 1.04 4,740.00...

Franchising Public Education: A Study of the Linkage of Charter Schools and Private Education Management Companies in Massachusetts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rhim, Lauren Morando

School franchising (defined as the replication of a particular product or service across a wide geographic region) marks a radical departure from the traditional view of the community-based neighborhood school. This paper reports on a study of a growing niche of charter school private management contracts in Massachusetts. The focus is on the…

Differences in the use of outsourcing in public and private institutions providing medical services

PubMed Central

Kowalska, Mariola; Religioni, Urszula

2014-01-01

Introduction The costs of health care in Poland are continuously increasing. Thus, almost every institution providing medical services aims at their limitation. One of the costs rationalisation methods in the health care sector is outsourcing. Material and methods The study was conducted in 153 randomly selected institutions providing medical activities. The tool was a questionnaire, available via a web browser. Results Over 30% of public institutions identified the need for financial savings, as the main reason for outsourcing the cleaning function. Among private institutions, the dominant reason for this is too high maintenance cost of the cleaning staff (less than 40% of responses). The huge number of medical institutions use the services of an external company for laundering. Over 30% of public institutions identified as the most common reason for separation of functions laundering lack of resources to upgrade and modernize facilities. Less than 27% of public institutions indicate too high costs of kitchen staff as the main reason for ordering function of feeding. Another reason is the need for financial savings (22% response rate). Some institutions indicate a desire to focus on key areas (20% of responses) and lack of financial resources to upgrade and modernize the kitchen (20% response rate). Public and private institutions exercise control over the quality and method performed by an external service (71% of public institutions and 59% of private institutions). Private institutions often informally exercise external control (difference confirmed – Fisher's exact test). Less than 90% of public institutions indicated satisfaction with the services provided by external companies. Conclusions The adaptation of outsourcing in medical facilities leads to financial efficiency improvement. Through the separation of some medical functions and entrusting their realisation to external companies, medical institutions can focus on their basic activity that is the provision of health services. PMID:25097595

Transnational tobacco company influence on tax policy during privatization of a state monopoly: British American Tobacco and Uzbekistan.

PubMed

Gilmore, Anna; Collin, Jeff; Townsend, Joy

2007-11-01

The International Monetary Fund encourages privatization of state-owned tobacco industries. Privatization tends to lower cigarette prices, which encourages consumption. This could be countered with effective tax policies. We explored how investment by British American Tobacco (BAT) influenced tax policy in Uzbekistan during privatization there. We obtained internal documents from BAT and analyzed them using a hermeneutic process to create a chronology of events. BAT thoroughly redesigned the tobacco taxation system in Uzbekistan. It secured (1) a reduction of approximately 50% in the excise tax on cigarettes, (2) an excise system to benefit its brands and disadvantage those of its competitors (particularly Philip Morris), and (3) a tax stamp system from which it hoped to be exempted, because this would likely facilitate its established practice of cigarette smuggling and further its competitive advantage.. Privatization can endanger effective tobacco excise policies. The International Monetary Fund should review its approach to privatization and differentiate the privatization of an industry whose product kills from privatization of other industries.

Public or private water management: Experience from different European Countries

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wackerbauer, Johann

2008-11-01

Faced with liberalisation proposals and an increasing internationalisation of water resource management, the question arises as to how a change of the regulatory framework would affect the market structure and the supply conditions in this area. While the term "privatisation" relates to the ownership structure of the providers, the term "liberalisation" implies extensive free market ideas. Privatisation involves the outsourcing of public services from the public authorities to a privately organised organisation. Through this, however, nothing needs to change in terms of the market or the intensity of competition for the commodity in question. Within the framework of privatisation it can also occur that the public monopoly is only transferred to a private monopoly. The term "liberalisation" in addition refers to the basic regulatory constraints: liberalisation signifies the cessation of limitations to competition and supply monopolies, and open competition between several suppliers for the consumers. In the EU-15, the only country where the provision of operational services in the water supply has been totally passed to the private sector is the UK, but this is only true for UK and Wales. Another singular case is France, where there is a mix of mainly private operating companies and municipalities which have divided the regional supply areas among themselves. In six other EU-15 countries where some privatisation took place, either the municipalities or (majority) publicly owned companies are controlling water supply. In the remaining seven countries, the water supply is organised by municipality companies only. In an international comparison, there are three basic models for the regulation of natural monopolies in the public water supply: the Anglo-Saxon, the French and the German model. The delimitation between supervisory bodies and operations in the water supply is strongest in the first model and weakest in the last. This has led to three basic types of privatisation: "full privatisation", "privatisation through delegation" and "privatisation with regulation by the supervisory bodies". These have led to three clearly distinguishable forms of competition: substitute competition simulated by the regulation authorities between private supply-enterprises, competition between private operators for the right to the temporary provision of water supplies, and competition in the product and service markets in the provision of water. In this paper, these different forms of privatisation and liberalisation are described and their impact on competition and market structures is analysed.

Private Higher Education in the United States.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pattillo, Manning M., Jr.

This monograph offers reflections on the role of private higher education in American society. Chapter 1, "Scope and Diversity of Private Higher Education," defines private higher education and notes that private institutions run the gamut from liberal arts colleges to comprehensive colleges and universities, to specialized institutions, two-year…

The Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP). A Public-Private Partnership Addressing Wind Energy Forecast Needs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wilczak, James M.; Finley, Cathy; Freedman, Jeff

The Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP) is a public-private research program, the goals of which are to improve the accuracy of short-term (0-6 hr) wind power forecasts for the wind energy industry and then to quantify the economic savings that accrue from more efficient integration of wind energy into the electrical grid. WFIP was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), with partners that include the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), private forecasting companies (WindLogics and AWS Truepower), DOE national laboratories, grid operators, and universities. WFIP employed two avenues for improving wind power forecasts: first, through the collectionmore » of special observations to be assimilated into forecast models to improve model initial conditions; and second, by upgrading NWP forecast models and ensembles. The new observations were collected during concurrent year-long field campaigns in two high wind energy resource areas of the U.S. (the upper Great Plains, and Texas), and included 12 wind profiling radars, 12 sodars, 184 instrumented tall towers and over 400 nacelle anemometers (provided by private industry), lidar, and several surface flux stations. Results demonstrate that a substantial improvement of up to 14% relative reduction in power root mean square error (RMSE) was achieved from the combination of improved NOAA numerical weather prediction (NWP) models and assimilation of the new observations. Data denial experiments run over select periods of time demonstrate that up to a 6% relative improvement came from the new observations. The use of ensemble forecasts produced even larger forecast improvements. Based on the success of WFIP, DOE is planning follow-on field programs.« less

Efficiency in Universities: The La Paz Papers. Studies on Education; Vol. 4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lumsden, Keith

Most universities have been organized as non-profit public or private institutions. Their objectives have not been clearly defined nor has their behavior been well understood. In practice, the management of universities is carried out by administrators who depend largely on government funding and/or private donations. They are subject to various…

Interview with J. Michael Thompson

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Randall, Mary Elisabeth

2004-01-01

J. Michael Thompson is the Vice Provost for Enrollment Management and Dean of Admission and Financial Aid at the University of Southern California. J. Michael has worked in higher education for more than 30 years in a variety of roles at small private and mid-sized and large public universities, and now at USC, a large private university. He has…

How Does the Public and Private University Environment Affect Students' Entrepreneurial Intention?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Canever, Mario Duarte; Barral, Maria Renata Martínez; Ribeiro, Felipe Garcia

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the causal links between public and private university environments and the entrepreneurial intention (EI) of students. Design/methodology/approach: The impact of different university environments on the students' EI was checked using a model adapted from Krueger et al. (2000). The study comprised a…

Faculty Attitudes toward Tenure and Academic Freedom at Private Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Kent M.

In this study, 76 faculty (48 tenured, 28 nontenured) at 5 private universities were interviewed and asked to rate seven questions on tenure and then comment on their ratings. Faculty were at small and medium-sized colleges and universities in Southern California and represented the fields of sociology, history, biology, and business. The faculty…

[Economic management of health crises affecting production animals in Europe].

PubMed

Vandeputte, S; Humblet, M F; Fecher-Bourgeois, F; Gosset, C; Albert, A; Vernaillen, F; Saegerman, C

2011-12-01

The importance of animal health crises has considerably increased over the last few years. When a crisis occurs, farmers can receive financial support through various public, private and mixed compensation schemes. Economic losses resulting from diseases may be direct and indirect. If a disease is covered by European Union regulations then countries have a legal obligation to partly compensate farmers for direct losses, either directly through the national budget, or through a specific fund. The European Veterinary Fund also co-finances these losses. Only a few countries provide compensation for indirect losses. The private insurance sector also provides protection against some direct and indirect losses but the risks covered are variable. To encourage farmers to subscribe to this kind of insurance, some public authorities provide subsidies to help pay the premium. Insurance companies do not generally cover the risks linked to contagious diseases, but some companies do extend cover to include this type of risk. Several alternatives, such as mutual funds, are available to improve risk coverage. There is a lack of harmonisation among the various compensation schemes of different countries. Public authorities cannot provide full compensation, but mutual funds and private insurance companies are alternatives that should be further investigated and their use should be extended to other countries. A classification of diseases would harmonise the situation at the European level.

Nurse Staffing and Deficiencies in the Largest For-Profit Nursing Home Chains and Chains Owned by Private Equity Companies

PubMed Central

Harrington, Charlene; Olney, Brian; Carrillo, Helen; Kang, Taewoon

2012-01-01

Objective To compare staffing levels and deficiencies of the 10 largest U.S. for-profit nursing home chains with five other ownership groups and chain staffing and deficiencies before and after purchase by four private equity (PE) companies. Data Sources Facilities for the largest for-profit chains were identified through Internet searches and company reports and matched with federal secondary data for 2003–2008 for each ownership group. Study Design Descriptive statistics and generalized estimation equation panel regression models examined staffing and deficiencies by ownership groups in the 2003–2008 period, controlling for facility characteristics, resident acuity, and market factors with state fixed effects. Principal Findings The top 10 for-profit chains had lower registered nurse and total nurse staffing hours than government facilities, controlling for other factors. The top 10 chains received 36 percent higher deficiencies and 41 percent higher serious deficiencies than government facilities. Other for-profit facilities also had lower staffing and higher deficiencies than government facilities. The chains purchased by PE companies showed little change in staffing levels, but the number of deficiencies and serious deficiencies increased in some postpurchase years compared with the prepurchase period. Conclusions There is a need for greater study of large for-profit chains as well as those chains purchased by PE companies. PMID:22091627

Nephrology around Europe: organization models and management strategies: Spain.

PubMed

de Francisco, Angel L M; Piñera, Celestino

2011-01-01

The main aim of this report is to present a picture of the current organization of nephrology in Spain. The Spanish health system offers almost universal coverage, a wide variety of services and a high-quality network of hospitals and primary care centers. Spain has a specialized health care training system that is highly developed, highly regulated, with the capacity to provide high-quality training in 54 different specialties. Nephrology is basically a hospital-based specialty. There are no private dialysis patients in Spain. Hemodialysis centers are 40% public, 15% private and 45% run by companies. The National Health System covers 95% of the population, and there is no cost to patients for treatment of renal disease (dialysis and transplant). We observed a clear decrease of nephrology in residents' election rankings, with position 29 out of 47 specialties in 2007. Some of the reasons for this are the complexity of the subject, no clear information at the university, reduction of professional posts and a very good public service with minimal private practice. In Spain, a model of organization for transplantation was adopted based on a decentralized transplant coordinating network. For cadaveric donors, it compares favorably with rates in other Western countries. Living donor transplantation is very low in Spain--just 10% of total renal transplantation activity. New programs due to financial constraints need to include reduced dialysis costs, greater cost-effectiveness of prescriptions, better handling of ethical issues related to the need for using a clinical score of chronic kidney disease patients to make decisions about conservative or renal replacement therapy and an action plan for improvement of organ donation and transplantation. Recovery of skills (acute kidney injury, biopsies, vascular access, etc.), research and advances in autonomous activities (imaging, surgical and medical vascular training, etc.) are some of the future educational paths needed in nephrology. Adequate decisions in the context of economic restrictions need to be discussed for the sustainability of nephrological care.

Basic principles to consider when opening a nurse practitioner-owned practice in Texas.

PubMed

Watson, Michael

2015-12-01

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)-owned clinics in Texas are becoming more common and because of the success of these early clinics, more APRNs are considering opening their own practice; but Texas remains one of the most restrictive states for APRN practice and many questions remain. What are the regulations about physician delegation? Will you get reimbursed from insurance companies and at what rates? Can you be a primary care provider (PCP)? Changes enacted after the adoption of Senate Bill 406 improved the opportunities for APRNs in Texas yet several requirements must be met and early consultation with a lawyer and accountant can facilitate the initial business setup. The Prescriptive Authority Agreement simplified the delegation requirements and allows the APRN increased flexibility in obtaining and consulting with a delegating physician. Becoming credentialed as a PCP with private insurance companies is often complicated; however, utilizing the Council for Affordable Quality Healthcare's Universal Provider Data source for initial credentialing can facilitate this. Although this article does not discuss the financial implications of opening a practice, it does cover many aspects including legislative and regulatory requirements for practice, credentialing process and challenges, business structure, and tax implications. ©2015 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

Commercial opportunities utilizing the International Space Station

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kearney, Michael E.; Mongan, Phil; Overmyer, Carolyn M.; Jackson, Kenneth

1998-01-01

The International Space Station (ISS) has the unique capability of providing a low-g environment for both short- and long-duration experimentation. This environment can provide a unique and competitive research capability to industry; but until recently, utilization of this environment by the private sector has been limited if not totally unavailable. NASA has recently expressed an interest in the commercial development of space and this is now an integral part of the Agency's enabling legislation through the Space Act. NASA's objective is to foster the use of the space environment for the development of commercial products and processes. Through alliances and agreements with several commercial companies and universities, SPACEHAB, Inc., has built a comprehensive package of services designed to provide low-cost reliable access to space for experimenters. These services provide opportunities to support engineering test beds for materials exposure analysis, to mitigate structural failures as observed on the Hubble Space Telescope; materials processing, remote sensing; space environment definition; and electronic experiments. The intent of this paper is to identify commercial opportunities for utilizing the International Space Station and provide examples of several facilities currently being designed and manufactured by commercial companies with the purpose of providing access to the space environment for commercial users.

[Electric and hybrid vehicle site operators program]: Thinking of the future. Second year third quarter report, January 1--March 31, 1993

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

Kansas State University, with funding support from federal, state, public, and private companies, is participating in the Department of Energy`s Electric Vehicle Site Operator Program. Through participation in this program, Kansas State is displaying, testing, and evaluating electric or hybrid vehicle technology. This participation will provide organizations the opportunity to examine the latest EHV prototypes under actual operating conditions. KSU proposes to purchase one (1) electric or hybrid vans and two (2) electric cars during the first two years of this five-year program. KSU has purchased one G-Van built by Conceptor Industries, Toronto, Canada and has initiated a procurement ordermore » to purchase two (2) Soleq 1993 Ford EVcort station wagons. The G-Van has been signed in order for the public to be aware that this is an electric drive vehicle. Financial participants` names have been stenciled on the back door of the van. This vehicle is available for short term loan to interested utilities and companies. When other vehicles are obtained, the G-Van will be maintained on K-State`s campus.« less

MONET 2009 PC Co-chairs' Message

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grifoni, Patrizia; Ferri, Fernando; Kondratova, Irina; D'Ulizia, Arianna

The research areas of mobile technologies, social networking and mobile services applications are receiving wide interest from private and public companies as well as from academic and research institutions.

International outreach for promoting open geoscience content in Finnish university libraries - libraries as the advocates of citizen science awareness on emerging open geospatial data repositories in Finnish society

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rousi, A. M.; Branch, B. D.; Kong, N.; Fosmire, M.

2013-12-01

In their Finnish National Spatial Strategy 2010-2015 the Finland's Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry delineated e.g. that spatial data skills should support citizens everyday activities and facilitate decision-making and participation of citizens. Studies also predict that open data, particularly open spatial data, would create, when fully realizing their potential, a 15% increase into the turnovers of Finnish private sector companies. Finnish libraries have a long tradition of serving at the heart of Finnish information society. However, with the emerging possibilities of educating their users on open spatial data a very few initiatives have been made. The National Survey of Finland opened its data in 2012. Finnish technology university libraries, such as Aalto University Library, are open environments for all citizens, and seem suitable of being the first thriving entities in educating citizens on open geospatial data. There are however many obstacles to overcome, such as lack of knowledge about policies, lack of understanding of geospatial data services and insufficient know-how of GIS software among the personnel. This framework examines the benefits derived from an international collaboration between Purdue University Libraries and Aalto University Library to create local strategies in implementing open spatial data education initiatives in Aalto University Library's context. The results of this international collaboration are explicated for the benefit of the field as a whole.

7 CFR 3430.603 - Eligibility.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... community-based and nongovernmental organization; (d) A college or university (including a junior college offering an associate's degree) or foundation maintained by a college or university; (e) A private for... State, tribal, local, or regionally-based network or partnership of public or private entities...

The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-04-03

venerable banks, investment houses, and insurance companies have either declared bankruptcy or have had to be rescued financially. The world is...system. The Treasury and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation with funding from the TARP and private capital are to purchase eligible assets...economic crisis. Some of the largest and most venerable banks, investment houses, and insurance companies have either declared bankruptcy or have