Alternative Options in State-University Relationships in a Regional Setting: The Case of Canada.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farquhar, Robin H.

This document highlights the special challenges that Canada's higher education system faces due to its organizational structure that is, the relationship between the federal government and the provincial governments. Virtually all Canadian universities are publicly supported, but because the constitution clearly assigns responsibility for…

Labor's Poor Form

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burchell, David

2004-01-01

In recent years university governance has come in from the cold, so to speak, and is now the subject of some debate in political and academic venues. The core issue for debate is the appropriateness and effectiveness of current university governance structures. This debate is particularly critical in light of the increased professionalisation of…

Starting from Scratch: The Evolution of One University's Administrative Structure for Adult Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, Carol G.

2012-01-01

Abilene Christian University uses a hybrid governance model. Centralized structures include traditional program departments that supply the faculty and curriculum development for online graduate programs. Decentralized structures include an associate provost and separate student services for the online program.

The Impact of Governance on the Performance of the Higher Education Sector in Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

De Silva Lokuwaduge, Chitra; Armstrong, Anona

2015-01-01

Australian government concern for improved governance in the higher education sector over recent years has driven the implementation of governance protocols. However, there has been little evidence of any evaluation of the impact of the governance structures on the performance of universities. This paper presents an analysis of the impact of the…

Governance and Higher Education in Pakistan: What Roles Do Boards of Governors Play in Ensuring the Academic Quality Maintenance in Public Universities versus Private Universities in Pakistan?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Usman, Sidra

2014-01-01

There are major structural issues in the higher education system in Pakistan leading to poor governance of institutions and questionable quality of education. This paper looks at the differences in the role of boards of governors in maintaining quality of education in both the public and the private sector universities in Pakistan. After having…

The California Maritime Academy and the California State University. A Report to the Legislature and the Department of Finance in Response to Supplemental Report Language of the 1990 Budget Act.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

California State Postsecondary Education Commission, Sacramento.

This report presents results of a study of the administrative and governance structure of the California Maritime Academy and the Academy's relation to the California State University as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the State University's Trustees assuming more responsibility for the governance of the Academy. These responsibilities…

The Impacts of New Governance on Teaching at German Universities. Findings from a National Survey

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkesmann, Uwe; Schmid, Christian J.

2012-01-01

In this article we will present findings from a national survey questioning the actual impact of the new governance structures at German universities on academic teaching. To begin with, we give a theoretical underpinning to the economization of higher education institutions (HEIs) according to Principal-Agent Theory. This allows for the…

The Perception of Participation in Executive Governance Structures in Dutch Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huisman, Jeroen; de Boer, Harry; Goedegebuure, Leo

2006-01-01

In 1997 a new governance act, based on the principles of New Public Management (NPM) was introduced at Dutch universities. The aims were to realise integrated management, to strengthen the position of executives at the central (executive board) and faculty (dean) levels, to introduce a Supervisory Board at the institution's central level, and to…

School of Optometry at Inter American University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hofstetter, Henry W.

1981-01-01

The optometry program at the Inter American University in Puerto Rico is profiled, with highlights of admission criteria, temporary and permanent facilities, faculty, governance structure, curriculum, research opportunities, and relationship with the university as a whole. (MSE)

Impacts of the FOCUS Act on Governance in Tennessee Higher Education Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barber, Jennifer H.; Chesley, Colin G.; Flora, Bethany H.

2016-01-01

With the final passage of the Focus on College and University Success (FOCUS) Act which was signed into law on April 19, 2016, state universities within Tennessee are heading for major transitions in governance structure and autonomy. With changes moving at a speed atypical of higher education, these six soon-to-be former Tennessee Board of…

Structural Integrity and Durability of Reusable Space Propulsion Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

Presentations were made by industry, university, and government researchers organized into four sessions: aerothermodynamic loads; instrumentation; fatigue, fracture, and constitutive modeling; and structural dynamics.

[Second Interim Report of the Special Committee of the Trustees of Columbia University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Columbia Univ., New York, NY.

The Special Committee of the Trustees of Columbia University was appointed "to study and recommend changes in the basic structure of the University." The second interim report contains recommendations of the Committee on the participation of faculty and students in university governance through a proposed University Senate that would replace the…

Directory of Canadian Universities, 1977.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Statistics Canada, Ottawa (Ontario). Education, Science, and Culture Div.

Information about the colleges and universities of Canada is presented in this twentieth edition of the Directory of Canadian Universities for 1977. The history and development of the Canadian system of higher education is discussed in an introductory article that focuses on changes in the structure, governance, students, curriculum, and…

Faculty Attitudes for Changing a University's Core and Structure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krug, Kevin S.; Dickson, Kole W.; Lessiter, Julie A.; Vassar, John S.

2016-01-01

America's universities and colleges are examining additional ways to raise student enrollment following government reductions in educational funding. Faculty were surveyed regarding their opinions of an administrative proposal to change the status of their commuter university, a school without any on-campus student housing, from teaching…

Collegial Participation in University Governance: A Case Study of Institutional Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyer, Luanna H.

2007-01-01

New Zealand universities have undergone significant structural change accompanied by declining public funding and increasing demands for accountability in recent years. In 2000, one of the country's largest universities redirected resources and funding in a "repositioning" exercise that resulted in redundancies and other consequences…

Hybrid Governance in an Adult Program: A Nuanced Relationship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cockley, Suzanne

2012-01-01

Eastern Mennonite University's adult program uses a hybrid governance structure. Functions separated from the traditional program include marketing, admissions, and student advising. Functions that remain connected to the traditional program include the registrar, financial aid, and student business accounts.

Building Consensus for Change: Developing an Administrative and Management Structure in a Southern African University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingalls, Wayne B.

1995-01-01

The way in which the University of Botswana went about building the consensus necessary to develop a new administrative and management structure is described. The process began with a commission review to address increasing demand, and progressed to recommendations, governing council response, a task force for reorganization, and implementation.…

Hegemony, Big Money and Academic Independence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Anderson, Tim

2010-01-01

This article considers whether a threat is posed to academic independence in corporate universities by the United States Studies Centre (USSC) at the University of Sydney. The USSC rapidly worked its way into Australia's oldest university, building a unique governance structure in which a private business lobby vets senior academics and controls…

Governance and Corporate Identity in Network Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Robert

1992-01-01

A discussion of university autonomy and institutional image is presented with reference to politics at the newly established University of New England (Australia). Elements of institutional image or identity are examined, including (1) symbolic issues such as logo and location of administration; (2) leadership and management structures; (3)…

Dilemmas Concerning the Employment of University Graduates in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ren, Shuang; Zhu, Ying; Warner, Malcolm

2017-01-01

This article draws on a "within-subject" design of employment of university graduates in China over two different periods, namely 2008 and 2014. This research was conducted based on semi-structured interviews and secondary data analysis with four groups of key stakeholders including universities, government agencies, labor-market…

Poissonian renormalizations, exponentials, and power laws.

PubMed

Eliazar, Iddo

2013-05-01

This paper presents a comprehensive "renormalization study" of Poisson processes governed by exponential and power-law intensities. These Poisson processes are of fundamental importance, as they constitute the very bedrock of the universal extreme-value laws of Gumbel, Fréchet, and Weibull. Applying the method of Poissonian renormalization we analyze the emergence of these Poisson processes, unveil their intrinsic dynamical structures, determine their domains of attraction, and characterize their structural phase transitions. These structural phase transitions are shown to be governed by uniform and harmonic intensities, to have universal domains of attraction, to uniquely display intrinsic invariance, and to be intimately connected to "white noise" and to "1/f noise." Thus, we establish a Poissonian explanation to the omnipresence of white and 1/f noises.

The Renovation of Higher Education Governance in Vietnam and Its Impact on the Teaching Quality at Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pham, Thi Lan Phuong

2012-01-01

Significant changes in the policies of higher education in Vietnam have changed the structure and governance of the system since the mid-1990s. The most commonly agreed-upon positive outcome of the governance renovation process is that the formation of a nationwide quality assurance scheme, which is stimulated by accreditation, in the higher…

Organisational Change and the Institutionalisation of University Patenting Activity in Italy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldini, Nicola; Fini, Riccardo; Grimaldi, Rosa; Sobrero, Maurizio

2014-01-01

As universities are increasingly called by their national governments for a more entrepreneurial management of public research results, they started to develop internal structures and policies to take a proactive role in the commercialisation of university research. For the first time, this paper presents a detailed chronicle of how country-level…

Poissonian renormalizations, exponentials, and power laws

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eliazar, Iddo

2013-05-01

This paper presents a comprehensive “renormalization study” of Poisson processes governed by exponential and power-law intensities. These Poisson processes are of fundamental importance, as they constitute the very bedrock of the universal extreme-value laws of Gumbel, Fréchet, and Weibull. Applying the method of Poissonian renormalization we analyze the emergence of these Poisson processes, unveil their intrinsic dynamical structures, determine their domains of attraction, and characterize their structural phase transitions. These structural phase transitions are shown to be governed by uniform and harmonic intensities, to have universal domains of attraction, to uniquely display intrinsic invariance, and to be intimately connected to “white noise” and to “1/f noise.” Thus, we establish a Poissonian explanation to the omnipresence of white and 1/f noises.

Organizational Structure at the Crossroads.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Person, Ruth

1994-01-01

Because colleges and universities have adopted new information technology idiosyncratically, formal structures to manage and govern its use have not evolved at the same pace. In creating such structures, issues to be considered include centralization vs. decentralization, attitudes toward change, institutional diversity, entrepreneurial spirit,…

Strengthening research governance for sustainable research: experiences from three Zimbabwean universities.

PubMed

Mashaah, Thokozile; Hakim, James; Chidzonga, Midion; Kangwende, Rugare A; Naik, Yogeshkumar; Federspiel, Nancy; Fiorillo, Suzanne; Scott, Jim; Gomo, Exnevia

2014-08-01

A robust research system requires a robust governance framework. As part of the Medical Education Partnership Initiative, three Zimbabwean universities partnered with two U.S. universities in a project to strengthen research governance in the Zimbabwean universities. The project aimed at (1) developing research policies, (2) strengthening central research management offices, (3) developing a research administration curriculum, and (4) enhancing awareness about the role and relevance of research administration in other universities and research institutions in Zimbabwe. Through the efforts of the partners, a generic research policy was developed and successfully adapted by the institutions. A curriculum was drafted, and module development experts are helping to finalize the curriculum to meet university requirements for accreditation of training research administrators. The Association of Research Managers of Zimbabwe was established to promote information sharing and professionalize research administration. The consortium approach enabled rapid and smooth development and adoption of research policies in the institutions. It also helped researchers and managers accept research administration as an essential structure and function. The experiences and lessons learned are reported here to benefit other institutions and consortia.

Strengthening Research Governance for Sustainable Research: Experiences from Three Zimbabwean Universities

PubMed Central

Mashaah, Thokozile; Hakim, James; Chidzonga, Midion; Kangwende, Rugare A.; Naik, Yogeshkumar; Federspiel, Nancy; Fiorillo, Suzanne; Scott, Jim; Gomo, Exnevia

2014-01-01

A robust research system requires a robust governance framework. As part of the Medical Education Partnership Initiative, three Zimbabwean universities partnered with two US universities in a project to strengthen research governance in the Zimbabwean universities. The project aimed at (1) developing research policies; (2) strengthening central research management offices; (3) developing a research administration curriculum; and (4) enhancing awareness about the role and relevance of research administration in other universities and research institutions in Zimbabwe. Through the efforts of the partners, a generic research policy was developed and successfully adapted by the institutions. A curriculum was drafted, and module development experts are helping to finalize the curriculum to meet university requirements for accreditation of training research administrators. The Association of Research Managers of Zimbabwe was established to promote information sharing and professionalize research administration. The consortium approach enabled rapid and smooth development and adoption of research policies in the institutions. It also helped researchers and managers accept research administration as an essential structure and function. The experiences and lessons learned are reported here to benefit other institutions and consortia. PMID:25072583

University Involvement in ESIF 2014-2020 Programme. Innovation and Growth Factsheet Series. No. 3

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Universities UK, 2015

2015-01-01

This factsheet, the third in a series on innovation and growth, summarises a recent assessment conducted by Universities UK, HEFCE and the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), exploring the extent to which universities in England are engaging with the 2014-2020 European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) programme. [For the…

The Faculty Role in Governance: A Historical Analysis of the Influence of The American Association of University Professors and the Middle States Association on Academic Decision Making. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Collins, Valerie Hawkes

This study examined changes in private college governance during the years 1960-90, and at how external forces affected decision making structures and processes and at faculty's powers. The theoretical construct for the study was largely based on H. Mintzberg's (1983) concepts of organizational structure and power. Historical and case study…

Use of machine learning methods to classify Universities based on the income structure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Terlyga, Alexandra; Balk, Igor

2017-10-01

In this paper we discuss use of machine learning methods such as self organizing maps, k-means and Ward’s clustering to perform classification of universities based on their income. This classification will allow us to quantitate classification of universities as teaching, research, entrepreneur, etc. which is important tool for government, corporations and general public alike in setting expectation and selecting universities to achieve different goals.

Lobbying Behaviors of Higher Education Institutions: Structures, Attempts, and Success

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burgess, Brent; Miller, Michael T.

2009-01-01

As colleges and universities are under increased pressure to demonstrate their effectiveness, leaders have come to rely on government relations personnel to adequately tell the story of the activities and needs of the campus. State governments typically are the largest single supplier of public institution funding, yet they have been challenged by…

Resourse Allocation and Pricing Principles for a University Computer Centre. Working Paper Series Number 6819.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Possen, Uri M.; And Others

As an introduction, this paper presents a statement of the objectives of the university computing center (UCC) from the viewpoint of the university, the government, the typical user, and the UCC itself. The operating and financial structure of a UCC are described. Three main types of budgeting schemes are discussed: time allocation, pseudo-dollar,…

Establishing Research Universities in Ukrainian Higher Education: The Incomplete Journey of a Structural Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hladchenko, Myroslava; de Boer, Harry F.; Westerheijden, Don F.

2016-01-01

The idea of the research university as a key institution for social and economic development in knowledge-intensive societies has been adopted by the Ukrainian government after the fall of the communist regime. Establishing research universities is a long journey during which many things might happen. To understand this journey better in the case…

Incorporation of National Universities in Japan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oba, Jun

2007-01-01

In April 2004, Japanese national universities were incorporated and became much more autonomous from the government in their operations. Their managerial structure was realigned--placing the president at the centre of the decision-making process, and with the participation of external persons--to be more responsive to the changing needs of…

The Management of Multicampus Institutions: Some Conceptual Issues in Historical and Social Context.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meek, Lynn

1992-01-01

Some ways of classifying multicampus universities in terms of administrative structure are examined and applied to Australian universities. Advantages and disadvantages of multicampus colleges are analyzed, and issues of management, governance, and authority are discussed. It is suggested that classification offers a point of departure for…

University under Structural Reform: A Micro-Level Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ylijoki, Oili-Helena

2014-01-01

National governments in several countries have promoted and carried out different forms of mergers, consolidations and alliances within their higher education systems in order to increase efficiency, effectiveness and governmental control to ensure that the universities more directly serve the national and regional economic and social objectives.…

Report of the President's Committee On Student Involvement in the University.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benovich, Joseph B.; And Others

Originally established to consider expanded faculty and student involvement in the governance of Cleveland State University, the Committee decided to recommend changes within the existing governmental structure rather than encourage the establishment of a new system. Background material was studied, meetings were held and 2 questionnaires were…

IT Strategy and Decision-Making: A Comparison of Four Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilmore, Andrew

2014-01-01

Universities are increasingly dependent on information technology (IT) to support delivery of their objectives. It is crucial, therefore, that the IT investments made lead to successful outcomes. This study analyses the governance structures and decision-making processes used to approve and prioritise IT projects. Factors influencing an…

14 CFR 1201.200 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 20026. (e) For more detailed description of NASA's organizational structure, see the “U.S. Government..., and structure of the universe, the solar system, and the integrated functioning of the Earth. The...-occupied spacecraft, sounding rockets, balloons, aircraft, and ground-based research to conduct its...

[The role of university hospital executive board members].

PubMed

Debatin, J F; Rehr, J

2009-09-01

Demographic changes and medical progress in combination with vastly altered regulatory and economic environments have forced considerable change in the structure of German university hospitals in recent years. These changes have affected medical care as well as research and medical school training. To allow for more flexibility and a higher level of reactivity to the changing environment German university hospitals were transferred from state agencies to independent corporate structures. All but one remains wholly owned by the respective state governments. The governing structure of these independent medical hospitals consists of an executive board, generally made up of a medical director, a financial director, a director for nursing, and the dean of the medical faculty. In most hospitals, the medical director serves as chief executive officer. The regulations governing the composition and responsibility of the members of the executive board differ from state to state. These differences do affect to some degree the interactive effectiveness of the members of the executive boards. Modalities that stress the overall responsibility for all board members seem to work better than those that define clear portfolio limits. Even more than organizational and regulatory differences, the effectiveness of the work of the executive boards is influenced by the personality of the board members themselves. Success appears to be a clear function of the willingness of all members to work together.

INDIA’S GROWING INFLUENCE IN STABILIZING REGIONAL SECURITY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-02-16

in this academic research paper are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US government , the Department of...Defense, or Air University. In accordance with Air Force Instruction 51-303, it is not copyrighted but is the property of the United States government ...Change in the global political and economic structure, unstable Indian government from the end of 1989 till mid-1991, internal political crisis

The Policy-Making Process of the State University System of Florida.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sullivan, Sandra M.

The policy-making process of the State University System of Florida is described using David Easton's model of a political system as the conceptual framwork. Two models describing the policy-making process were developed from personal interviews with the primary participants in the governance structure and from three case studies of policy…

Going Modular--For Better or Worse? AIR 1994 Annual Forum Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLachlan, Jeffrey E.; Wood, Vivienne

A modular system for undergraduate programs was implemented in three degree programs at Napier University in Scotland. This paper describes the degree course structure prior to 1992-93 and factors leading to change, including university response to government policy encouraging wider access to higher education. A rationale for modularization is…

What University Governance Can Taiwan Learn from the United States?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Lung-Sheng; Land, Ming H.

2010-01-01

Due to changes from centralization to marketization, Taiwan's university governance must increase its effectiveness. The purpose of this paper was to introduce trends in and issues of Taiwan's university governance, describe university governance in the United States, and draw implications that Taiwan's university governance needs to learn from…

Beyond Professionalisation: Enhancing the Governance Culture for Australian University Governing Boards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Jeanette

2006-01-01

This article examines emerging norms of good practice for Australian university governing boards and issues that university governing boards could address to develop effective governance cultures. It firstly considers the ways in which support for many Australian university governing boards has become professionalised over the past decade. At the…

Governing Public Universities in Arab Countries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

ElObeidy, Ahmed A.

2014-01-01

Traditionally in Arab public universities, presidents are appointed by government authorities. Recently, in uprising Arab countries universities' presidents have been elected by universities' faculty members. Neither traditional nor self-governance pattern succeeded to modernise Arab universities. Reforming patterns of governance is critical for…

The Perceived Role of an Administrator in a Multidisciplinary Research, Training, and Service Center Within a University Structure.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clouse, R. Wilburn

The role of administrators serving in national centers established by the federal government to encourage and foster research, training, and service is investigated. Two national programs specifically examined in this report are centers for mental retardation research and human development, and university-affiliated training centers. The research…

Universities, Schools, and Communities: A New Generation of Professional Development School Roles, Structures, and Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Basile, Carole G.; Gutierrez, Cindy

2011-01-01

What differentiates the professional development school (PDS) from other schools are the people and the roles they have created to enact the functions or goals unique to the PDS model: preparation of teacher candidates; enhanced professional learning for educators; improved student achievement through the simultaneous renewal of university and…

What Is the Public Role of the University? A Proposal for a Public Research Agenda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Biesta, Gert; Kwiek, Marek; Locke, Grahame; Martins, Herminio; Masschelein, Jan; Papatsiba, Vassiliki; Simons, Maarten; Zgaga, Pavel

2009-01-01

With a view to meeting the demands of the knowledge economy and taking up a leading role in its further development, Europe and its member states are urging universities and institutions for higher education more generally to innovate and modernise themselves. Organisational structures, governance and management systems, curricula and teaching…

Functional Dissection: The Nemesis of Coexistence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alloway, James A.

A former New Jersey local official discusses the complex organizational structures in universities, government, and businesses that have developed to serve the needs of citizens. Each of these specialized structures developed a rather high level of efficiency, and each set its own priorities, criteria, and cost factors. Now this functional…

Institutional analysis of health system governance.

PubMed

Abimbola, Seye; Negin, Joel; Martiniuk, Alexandra L; Jan, Stephen

2017-11-01

It is important that researchers who study health system governance have a set of collective understandings of the meanings of governance, which can then inform the methods used in research. We present an institutional framing and definition of health system governance; that is, governance refers to making, changing, monitoring and enforcing the rules that govern the demand and supply of health services. This pervasive, relational view of governance is to be preferred to approaches that focus primarily on structures of governments and health care organizations, because health system governance involves communities and service users, and because governments in many low- and middle-income countries tend to under-govern. Therefore, the study of health system governance requires institutional analysis; an approach that focuses not only on structures, but also on the rules (both formal and informal) governing demand and supply relations. Using this 'structure-relations' lens, and based on our field experience, we discuss how this focus could be applied to the three approaches to framing and studying health system governance that we identified in the literature. In order of decreasing focus on structures ('hardware') and increasing focus on relations ('software'), they are: (1) the government-centred approach, which focuses on the role of governments, above or to the exclusion of non-government health system actors; (2) the building-block approach, which focuses on the internal workings of health care organizations, and treats governance as one of the several building blocks of organizations; and (3) the institutional approach, which focuses on how the rules governing social and economic interactions are made, changed, monitored and enforced. Notably, either or both qualitative and quantitative methods may be used by researchers in efforts to incorporate the analysis of how rules determine relations among health system actors into these three approaches to health system governance. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

University Governance: Governing Bodies as Providers and Users of Annual Reports

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dixon, Keith; Coy, David

2007-01-01

Where members of governing bodies of universities stand in relation to their institution's annual reports is discussed in the broader context of trends in university governance. Data were collected from members of the governing councils of New Zealand's eight universities using questionnaire surveys in 1993 and 2001. During this interval, a marked…

Astronautic structures manual

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1977-01-01

Three-volume reference work serves as catalog of analysis techniques for elastic and inelastic stress ranges and as source on background and development of methods. Information is condensation of published journal articles, industry and university publications, textbooks, and government documents.

Federal, State, and Local Governments: University Patrons, Partners, or Protagonists? Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.3.06

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vest, Charles M.

2006-01-01

Charles Vest gave the first of three Clark Kerr Lectures on the Role of Higher Education in Society on April 19, 2005 on the Berkeley campus. This essay argues that research-intensive public and private universities increasingly have far more similarities than differences in missions, structures, and even financial support. For both, the federal…

Cooperativity governs the size and structure of biological interfaces.

PubMed

Qin, Zhao; Buehler, Markus J

2012-11-15

Interfaces, defined as the surface of interactions between two parts of a system at a discontinuity, are very widely found in nature. While it is known that the specific structure of an interface plays an important role in defining its properties, it is less clear whether or not there exist universal scaling laws that govern the structural evolution of a very broad range of natural interfaces. Here we show that cooperativity of interacting elements, leading to great strength at low material use, is a key concept that governs the structural evolution of many natural interfaces. We demonstrate this concept for the cases of β-sheet proteins in spider silk, gecko feet, legs of caterpillars, and self-assembling of penguins into huddles, which range in scales from the submolecular to the macroscopic level. A general model is proposed that explains the size and structure of biological interfaces from a fundamental point of view. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Meeting the Needs of Foreign Language Teaching Assistants: Professional Development in American Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angus, Katie

2014-01-01

In our post-9/11 globalized society, the bifurcated governance structure that has traditionally dominated foreign language (FL) departments is no longer desirable. According to the 2007 Modern Language Association (MLA) report entitled "Foreign Languages and Higher Education: New Structures for a Changed World," these departments need to…

Innovation by coercion: Emerging institutionalization of university-industry collaborations in Russia.

PubMed

Bychkova, Olga

2016-08-01

This article explores the emerging institutionalization of collaborative university-industry networks in Russia. The Russian government has attempted to use a top-down public policy scheme to stimulate and promote network-building in the R&D sector. In order to understand the initial organizational responses that universities and companies select while structuring collaborations, the article utilizes conceptual perspectives from institutional theory, especially drawing on arguments from strategic choice, network-building, and network failure studies.

Sampling model of government travel vouchers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hu, P.S.; Wright, T.

1987-02-01

A pilot survey was designed and executed to better understand the structure of the universe of all government travel vouchers. Thirteen civilian and military sites were selected for the pilot survey. A total of 3916 travel vouchers with attached tickets were sampled. During the course of the pilot survey, it was felt that the compounding problems of the relative rarity of the expired, unused tickets and the enormously huge universe were too much of an obstacle to overcome in sampling the entire universe (including the US Air Force, US Army, US Navy, US Marines, other Department of Defense offices, andmore » civil) in the first year. The universe was then narrowed to the US Air Force, and US Army which have to two largest government travel expenditures. Based on the results of the pilot survey, ORNL recommends a stratified two-stage cluster sampling model. With probability of 0.90, a sample of size 78 (sites) will be needed to estimate the amounts per airline which will not be more than $50,000 from the true values. This sampling model allows one to estimate the total dollar amounts of expired, unused tickets for individual airlines.« less

Shared Governance in the Modern University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taylor, Mark

2013-01-01

A governance model is developed in which university governance is shared between the academic and governing bodies and is coordinated by the university executive. Viewing the university as a professional service organisation, and noting the importance of developing a flexible culture within a shifting, marketised external environment, it is argued…

The past and the future fate of the universe and the formation of structure in it

PubMed Central

Rix, Hans-Walter

1999-01-01

The history and the ultimate future fate of the universe as a whole depend on how much the expansion of the universe is decelerated by its own mass. In particular, whether the expansion of the universe will ever come to a halt can be determined from the past expansion. However, the mass density in the universe does not only govern the expansion history and the curvature of space, but in parallel also regulates the growth of hierarchical structure, including the collapse of material into the dense, virialized regions that we identify with galaxies. Hence, the formation of galaxies and their clustered distribution in space depend not only on the detailed physics of how stars are formed but also on the overall structure of the universe. Recent observational efforts, fueled by new large, ground-based telescopes and the Hubble Space Telescope, combined with theoretical progress, have brought us to the verge of determining the expansion history of the universe and space curvature from direct observation and to linking this to the formation history of galaxies. PMID:10411874

The past and the future fate of the universe and the formation of structure in it.

PubMed

Rix, H W

1999-07-20

The history and the ultimate future fate of the universe as a whole depend on how much the expansion of the universe is decelerated by its own mass. In particular, whether the expansion of the universe will ever come to a halt can be determined from the past expansion. However, the mass density in the universe does not only govern the expansion history and the curvature of space, but in parallel also regulates the growth of hierarchical structure, including the collapse of material into the dense, virialized regions that we identify with galaxies. Hence, the formation of galaxies and their clustered distribution in space depend not only on the detailed physics of how stars are formed but also on the overall structure of the universe. Recent observational efforts, fueled by new large, ground-based telescopes and the Hubble Space Telescope, combined with theoretical progress, have brought us to the verge of determining the expansion history of the universe and space curvature from direct observation and to linking this to the formation history of galaxies.

Network cosmology.

PubMed

Krioukov, Dmitri; Kitsak, Maksim; Sinkovits, Robert S; Rideout, David; Meyer, David; Boguñá, Marián

2012-01-01

Prediction and control of the dynamics of complex networks is a central problem in network science. Structural and dynamical similarities of different real networks suggest that some universal laws might accurately describe the dynamics of these networks, albeit the nature and common origin of such laws remain elusive. Here we show that the causal network representing the large-scale structure of spacetime in our accelerating universe is a power-law graph with strong clustering, similar to many complex networks such as the Internet, social, or biological networks. We prove that this structural similarity is a consequence of the asymptotic equivalence between the large-scale growth dynamics of complex networks and causal networks. This equivalence suggests that unexpectedly similar laws govern the dynamics of complex networks and spacetime in the universe, with implications to network science and cosmology.

Network Cosmology

PubMed Central

Krioukov, Dmitri; Kitsak, Maksim; Sinkovits, Robert S.; Rideout, David; Meyer, David; Boguñá, Marián

2012-01-01

Prediction and control of the dynamics of complex networks is a central problem in network science. Structural and dynamical similarities of different real networks suggest that some universal laws might accurately describe the dynamics of these networks, albeit the nature and common origin of such laws remain elusive. Here we show that the causal network representing the large-scale structure of spacetime in our accelerating universe is a power-law graph with strong clustering, similar to many complex networks such as the Internet, social, or biological networks. We prove that this structural similarity is a consequence of the asymptotic equivalence between the large-scale growth dynamics of complex networks and causal networks. This equivalence suggests that unexpectedly similar laws govern the dynamics of complex networks and spacetime in the universe, with implications to network science and cosmology. PMID:23162688

Information Technology Governance Domains in Hospitals: A Case Study in Iran

PubMed Central

Shahi, Mehraban; Sadoughi, Farahnaz; Ahmadi, Maryam

2015-01-01

IT governance is a set of organizational structures ensuring decision-making rights and responsibilities with regard to the organization’s IT assets. This qualitative study was carried out to identify the IT governance domains in teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. There were 10 heads of IT departments and 10 hospital directors. Semi structured interviews used for data collection. To analyze the data content analysis was applied. All the interviewees (100%) believed that decisions upon hospital software needs could be made in a decentralized fashion by the IT department of the university. Most of the interviewees (90%) believed that there were policies for logistics and maintenance of networks, purchase and maintenance, standards and general policies in the direction of the policies of the ministry of health and medical education. About 80% of the interviewees believed that the current emphasis of the hospital’s IT unit and the hospital management for outsourcing of services were in the format of specialized contracts and under supervision of the university Statistic and IT department. A hospital strategic committee is an official organizational group consisting of hospital executives, heads of IT and multiple functional areas and business units in a hospital. In this committee, “the head of hospital” acts as the director of IT activities and ensures that IT strategies are alignment with the hospital business strategies. PMID:25948446

Information technology governance domains in hospitals: a case study in Iran.

PubMed

Shahi, Mehraban; Sadoughi, Farahnaz; Ahmadi, Maryam

2014-11-30

IT governance is a set of organizational structures ensuring decision-making rights and responsibilities with regard to the organization's IT assets. This qualitative study was carried out to identify the IT governance domains in teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. There were 10 heads of IT departments and 10 hospital directors. Semi structured interviews used for data collection. To analyze the data content analysis was applied. All the interviewees (100%) believed that decisions upon hospital software needs could be made in a decentralized fashion by the IT department of the university. Most of the interviewees (90%) believed that there were policies for logistics and maintenance of networks, purchase and maintenance, standards and general policies in the direction of the policies of the ministry of health and medical education. About 80% of the interviewees believed that the current emphasis of the hospital's IT unit and the hospital management for outsourcing of services were in the format of specialized contracts and under supervision of the university Statistic and IT department. A hospital strategic committee is an official organizational group consisting of hospital executives, heads of IT and multiple functional areas and business units in a hospital. In this committee, "the head of hospital" acts as the director of IT activities and ensures that IT strategies are alignment with the hospital business strategies.

Mercy Mission and Transformative Change: Evaluation of a Revised Governance Structure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Affenito, Sandra G.; Artz, Judy; Carlson, Vivian

2014-01-01

The University of St. Joseph, a Mercy institution, was founded during the Great Depression to provide women a gateway to higher education for careers in fields that would serve the well-being of society. Recently, the institution has undergone changes to modernize its organizational structure. Consistent with its commitment to educate people of…

Strengthening institutional and organizational capacity for social health protection of the informal sector in lesser-developed countries: a study of policy barriers and opportunities in Cambodia.

PubMed

Annear, Peter Leslie; Ahmed, Shakil; Ros, Chhun Eang; Ir, Por

2013-11-01

Reaching out to the poor and the informal sector is a major challenge for achieving universal coverage in lesser-developed countries. In Cambodia, extensive coverage by health equity funds for the poor has created the opportunity to consolidate various non-government health financing schemes under the government's proposed social health protection structure. This paper identifies the main policy and operational challenges to strengthening existing arrangements for the poor and the informal sector, and considers policy options to address these barriers. Conducted in conjunction with the Cambodian Ministry of Health in 2011-12, the study reviewed policy documents and collected qualitative data through 18 semi-structured key informant interviews with government, non-government and donor officials. Data were analysed using the Organizational Assessment for Improving and Strengthening Health Financing conceptual framework. We found that a significant shortfall related to institutional, organisational and health financing issues resulted in fragmentation and constrained the implementation of social health protection schemes, including health equity funds, community-based health insurance, vouchers and others. Key documents proposed the establishment of a national structure for the unification of the informal-sector schemes but left unresolved issues related to structure, institutional capacity and the third-party status of the national agency. This study adds to the evidence base on appropriate and effective institutional and organizational arrangements for social health protection in the informal sector in developing countries. Among the key lessons are: the need to expand the fiscal space for health care; a commitment to equity; specific measures to protect the poor; building national capacity for administration of universal coverage; and working within the specific national context. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Teacher collaboration and curriculum construction: Political, cultural, and structural contexts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Esterle, Rochelle Eda Penn

This longitudinal case study is the story of one high school's efforts to implement curriculum reform and the profound effect of local circumstances on reform ideologies. What began as a study of inter- and intradisciplinary collaborative science curriculum integration became the study of a systemic failure to modify cultural practices. Poritical, economic, and structural measures initiated to facilitate reform ultimately represent inherent conflicts of interest which undermine the reform effort. This research exposes obstacles that are deeply embedded within the school's governance, the beliefs and knowledge of teachers, and the culture of schools. The study site is both a new entity and a new concept: a specialized math/science high school located on a state university campus; the school recruits underrepresented students to become acclimated to university coursework and culture. To date, the school has maintained an exceptional record of college and university placements. The school is governed by a partnership representing the university, the corporate sector, and 11 surrounding K-12 school districts. Free from the regularities of a traditional high school, the school appears to be ideally situated for innovation. The principle innovations at this school relate to its organizational structure--heterogeneous student groupings, cooperative group work, curriculum integration, block scheduling, and concurrent university coursework. For teachers, grade level teams replace departments as the dominant unit for professional, curricular, and social interactions. Within teacher teams, collaboration centers around ongoing student problems and policies, subordinating academic content and significant interdisciplinary connections. Without active discipline-based departments and curricular leadership, however, this research finds an absence of academic direction and accountability.

The Governance in the Development of Public Universities in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liu, Xu

2017-01-01

This paper examines institutional governance of the public university in China, investigating the extent to which government has sponsored the autonomy of universities since the inception of the opening up reforms of 1978. The paper sets out to explain how the party governance system of China is interconnected with aspects of the university's…

Modelling University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trakman, Leon

2008-01-01

Twentieth century governance models used in public universities are subject to increasing doubt across the English-speaking world. Governments question if public universities are being efficiently governed; if their boards of trustees are adequately fulfilling their trust obligations towards multiple stakeholders; and if collegial models of…

Transformation of University Governance through Internationalization: Challenges for Top Universities and Government Policies in Japan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yonezawa, Akiyoshi; Shimmi, Yukiko

2015-01-01

In order to strengthen their international presence, universities pursuing a world-class status are striving to increase their internationalization. Internationalization implies a transformation of university governance, especially for universities in a non-English-speaking system such as Japan's. This paper examines the challenges of…

Governance of National Research University in Southeast Asia: The Case of Chiang Mai University in Thailand

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rungfamai, Kreangchai

2018-01-01

This paper aims to deal with lingering governance issues of a prestigious university in a developing country of Southeast Asia. It provides a description of environments, changes, and university stakeholders' perceptions in terms of governance arrangements of Chiang Mai University (CMU), which was selected as a National Research University in…

Lessons from industry: one school's transformation toward "lean" curricular governance.

PubMed

Stratton, Terry D; Rudy, David W; Sauer, Marlene J; Perman, Jay A; Jennings, C Darrell

2007-04-01

As medical education grapples with organizational calls for centralized curricular oversight, programs may be compelled to respond by establishing highly vertical, stacked governance structures. Although these models offer discrete advantages over the horizontal, compartmentalized structures they are designed to replace, they pose new challenges to ensuring curricular quality and the educational innovations that drive the curricula. The authors describe a hybrid quality-assurance (QA) governance structure introduced in 2003 at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine (UKCOM) that ensures centralized curricular oversight of the educational product while allowing individualized creative control over the educational process. Based on a Lean production model, this approach draws on industry experiences that strategically separate institutional accountability (management) for a quality curriculum from the decision-making processes required to ensure it (production). In so doing, the authors acknowledge general similarities and key differences between overseeing the manufacture of a complex product versus the education of a physician-emphasizing the structured, sequential, and measurable nature of each process. Further, the authors briefly trace the emergence of quality approaches in manufacturing and discuss the philosophical changes that accompany transition to an institutional governance system that relies on vigorous, robust performance measures to offer continuous feedback on curricular quality.

The good, the bad, and the ugly of partnered research: revisiting the sequestration thesis and the role of universities in promoting social justice.

PubMed

Yassi, Annalee; Dharamsi, Shafik; Spiegel, Jerry; Rojas, Alejandro; Dean, Elizabeth; Woollard, Robert

2010-01-01

As universities increasingly rely on external sources of research funding, researchers worldwide are realizing that if their work is financially supported by organizations with distinct political or financial interests, they risk their careers if their results deviate from the interests of their funding partners. This article presents a case that illustrates how ugly this situation can become. Reviewing the literature on the advantages and dangers of partnered research, the historical role of universities, funding trends, and university mission statements, the authors contend that universities must engage in service learning and participatory action research, but must ensure that faculty members engaging in academic activity with partners-whether industry, hospitals, governments, nongovernmental organizations, or communities-have their professional integrity protected. If doubt exists about whether the partner can or will honor these principles or the mission of universities for social good, universities should avoid granting joint or affiliate appointments or accepting funds or favors of any kind. Universities also need formal structures to ensure ethical application of innovation and principled partnership engagement. In becoming servants of government or corporatism, universities have become less vital to society and are failing in their mission to promote social justice and sustainability. Strong measures are needed to restore public trust.

Government Regulation of Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hobbs, Walter C., Ed.

Only lately has government regulation developed with great force among colleges and universities. A collection of essays examines that development from the perspectives of the legal scholar, the university president, the university lawyer, the government lawyer, the university's affirmative action officer, the professional association's government…

Comparison of University Governance USA, UK, France and Japan: Report of the International Seminar on University Governance, 2012. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No. 19

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University, 2013

2013-01-01

In contrast with that basic understanding of university autonomy, in most continental European countries, such as France, and also in Japan, the government has tightly controlled universities, in terms of both their organization and activities. In these countries, the concept of "governance" is often lacking, as institutions were not…

Shared University Governance: Faculty Perceptions on Involvement and Leadership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Adrianne L.; DuVivier, Roxanne S.; Hambright, W. Grant

2017-01-01

This article examines motivations for faculty involvement in shared governance. Faculty members at a mid-sized, Midwestern university were surveyed to assess reasons for serving and leading in the shared governance process. Five predominant themes were identified as affecting faculty participation in university governance. The five predominant…

How to Structure University/Industry Cooperation for Maximum Mutual Benefit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sommer, Klaus H.

2000-03-01

Research in the technical industries has changed dramatically in the past twenty years. As part of the change, many companies have shifted their long-term research from within company labs to university labs using a variety of mechanisms for such "cooperations." This talk focuses on how Bayer Corporation uses contract research, unrestricted funds, consortia, and government contracts to supplement in-house research programs. The talk emphasizes the importance of careful tailoring of these mechanisms in order to achieve maximum success for both the company and its university partners.

A Systems Architecture and Advanced Sensors Application for Real-Time Aircraft Structural Health Monitoring

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-01

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AIR UNIVERSITY AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE...position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the United States Government. This material is declared a work of the United...Management Graduate School of Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology Air University Air Education and Training Command In

Racial Desegregation and the Institutionalisation of "Race" in University Governance: The Case of the University of Cape Town

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luescher, Thierry M.

2009-01-01

The racial desegregation of the student bodies of historically white universities in South Africa has had significant political implications for student politics and university governance. I discuss two key moments in the governance history of the University of Cape Town (UCT) critically. The first involves the experience of racial parallelism in…

Boronated porphyrin compounds

DOEpatents

Kahl, Stephen B.; Koo, Myoung-Seo

1992-01-01

A compound is described having the structure ##STR1## where R preferably is ##STR2## and most preferably R.sup.3 is a closo-carborane and R.sup.2 is --H, an alkyl or aryl having 1 to about 7 carbon atoms, This invention was made with Government support under NIH Grant No. CA-37961 awarded by the Department of Health and Human Services and under the Associated Universities Inc. Contract No. De-AC02-76CH00016 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Government has rights in this invention.

Boronated porphyrin compounds

DOEpatents

Kahl, S.B.; Koo, M.S.

1992-09-22

A compound is described having the structure ##STR1## where R preferably is ##STR2## and most preferably R.sup.3 is a closo-carborane and R.sup.2 is --H, an alkyl or aryl having 1 to about 7 carbon atoms, This invention was made with Government support under NIH Grant No. CA-37961 awarded by the Department of Health and Human Services and under the Associated Universities Inc. Contract No. De-AC02-76CH00016 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Government has rights in this invention.

The Law of War and the Operational Commander

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-02-08

includes law that governs the decision to go to war and that governing the conducts of combatants: this paper focuses on the latter body. It is not the ...Hays Parks, "Rolling Thunder and the Law of War," Air University Review, Winter 1971, p. 3. ś .Ikd., pp. 17-19. 20 command structure and a lack of...apply to the USCG. Two other federal statutes (14 USC 89 and 19 USC 1581(a)) permit USCG personnel to go on board vessels and make inquiries

Learning the Hidden Structure of Speech.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-02-01

STRUCTURE OF SPEECH J. L. Elman and D. Zipser February 1987 ICS Report 8701 COGNITIVE SCIENCE ,a - ~QIt b’eez INSTITUTE FOR COGNITIVE SCIENCE...Zipser February 1987 ICS Report 8701 *0:-.:-! ,%. ., Jeffrey L. Elman David Zipser Department of Linguistics Institute for Cognitive Science...any purpose of the United States Government. Requests for reprints should be sent to the Institute for Cognitive Science, C-015; University of

Universities and Industry: Does the Lambert Code of Governance Meet the Requirements of Good Governance?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buckland, Roger

2004-01-01

The Lambert Model Code of Governance proposes to institutionalise the dominance of governors from commercial and industrial organisations as core members of compact and effective boards controlling UK universities. It is the latest expression of a fashion for viewing university governance as an overly-simple example of an obsolete system, where…

Managing curriculum transformation within strict university governance structures: an example from Damascus University Medical School.

PubMed

Kayyal, Mohammad; Gibbs, Trevor

2012-01-01

As the world of medical education moves forward, it becomes increasingly clear that the transformative process is not as easy a process for all. Across the globe, there appears to be many barriers that obstruct or threaten innovation and change, most of which cause almost insurmountable problems to many schools. If transformative education is to result in an equitable raising of standards across such an unlevel playing field, schools have to find ways in overcoming these barriers. One seemingly common barrier to development occurs when medical schools are trapped within strict University governance structures; rules and regulations which are frequently inappropriate and obstructive to the transformation that must occur in today's medical educational paradigm. The Faculty of Medicine at Damascus University, one of the oldest and foremost medical schools in the Middle East, is one such school where rigid rules and regulations and traditional values are obstructing transformative change. This paper describes the problems, which the authors believe to be common to many, and explores how attempts have been made to overcome them and move the school into the twenty-first century. It is the ultimate purpose of this paper to raise awareness of the issue, share the lessons learned in order to assist others who are experiencing similar problems and possibly create opportunities for dialogue between schools.

The Academic Profession and University Governance Participation in Japan: Focusing on the Role of Kyoju-kai

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yonezawa, Akiyoshi

2014-01-01

The dominant role of Kyoju-kai (the professoriate) in university governance in Japan is now facing a critical examination as part of university reforms in response to global competition. What are the determinants of the characteristics of participation in university governance by individual faculty members? In what way does the organizational…

Operationalizing universal health coverage in Nigeria through social health insurance

PubMed Central

Okpani, Arnold Ikedichi; Abimbola, Seye

2015-01-01

Nigeria faces challenges that delay progress toward the attainment of the national government's declared goal of universal health coverage (UHC). One such challenge is system-wide inequities resulting from lack of financial protection for the health care needs of the vast majority of Nigerians. Only a small proportion of Nigerians have prepaid health care. In this paper, we draw on existing evidence to suggest steps toward reforming health care financing in Nigeria to achieve UHC through social health insurance. This article sets out to demonstrate that a viable path to UHC through expanding social health insurance exists in Nigeria. We argue that encouraging the states which are semi-autonomous federating units to setup and manage their own insurance schemes presents a unique opportunity for rapidly scaling up prepaid coverage for Nigerians. We show that Nigeria's federal structure which prescribes a sharing of responsibilities for health care among the three tiers of government presents serious challenges for significantly extending social insurance to uncovered groups. We recommend that rather than allowing this governance structure to impair progress toward UHC, it should be leveraged to accelerate the process by supporting the states to establish and manage their own insurance funds while encouraging integration with the National Health Insurance Scheme. PMID:26778879

Microgravity Science and Application Program tasks, 1989 revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1990-01-01

The active research tasks, as of the fiscal year 1989, of the Microgravity Science and Applications Program, NASA Office of Space Science and Applications, involving several NASA Centers and other organizations are compiled. The purpose is to provide an overview of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university, and government communities. The scientists in industry, university, and government communities. An introductory description of the program, the strategy and overall goal, identification of the organizational structures and people involved, and a description of each task are included. Also provided is a list of recent publications. The tasks are grouped into several major categories: electronic materials, solidification of metals, alloys, and composites; fluids, interfaces, and transport; biotechnology; glasses and ceramics; combustion science; physical and chemistry experiments (PACE); and experimental technology, facilities, and instrumentation.

Family Economic Issues & Public Policy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimsey, Peggy Poling; Paynter, Mary Ann

Emerging from two graduate seminars designed to increase the involvement of home economists in public policy, this publication includes course outlines, models, and papers on selected issues concerning family-related government policy. The structure and requirements of the two seminars, held in 1978 at the University of Kentucky, are described. A…

Engaging in Enhancement: Implications of Participatory Approaches in Higher Education Quality Assurance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Groen, Jovan F.

2017-01-01

Stemming from increased levels of participation and diversity of the student base and from growing scrutiny on the quality of university degrees, governments have begun establishing mechanisms to monitor and support quality in higher education. Faced with administrative quality assurance structures, academics often complain that little is…

Manitoba's Post-Secondary System since 1967: Stability, Change and Consistency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Dan

2011-01-01

This study examines the transformation of Manitoba's post-secondary education system between 1967 and 2009 using legislative change to gauge structural change. The paper establishes the beginning of the contemporary post-secondary system with the 1967 decision of the Manitoba government to abandon the "one university" system model, a…

Controlling Athletics in Education: History and Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeman, William H.

The organization of amateur sports around the school and university system is a uniquely American administrative structure. This paper traces the developmental patterns leading to the emergence of sports-governing bodies such as the Amateur Athletic Union, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the National Association for Girls and…

Local government pavement research, development, and implementation organization in several states : a white paper from the National Center for Sustainable Transportation.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2017-02-01

This white paper presents the results of a survey administered by the University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) exploring the successes, challenges, funding, and organizational structure of six centers in other states that share a sim...

Leadership Aspects of Hidden Curriculum Students Practice in Nigerian Universities: A Preview of Students' Union Government Contributions in University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Emesini, Nnenna Orieoma

2016-01-01

The paper examined the leadership aspect of Hidden Curriculum that students practice in Nigerian Universities and their contributions to university governance. Four research questions guided the study and Ex-Post-Facto Method was adopted as the design. Unstructured interviews with staff/students officials cum critical analysis of Students' Union…

"Leadership" and "Governance" in the Analysis of University Organisations: Two Concepts in Need of De-construction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mignot-Gerard, Stephanie

2003-01-01

This paper is a critical review of the Anglo-Saxon literature since the 1960s on university leadership and governance. The critique draws on empirical work on operating procedures and governance in French universities. The intention is to show that the issue of university leadership has been analyzed using a too personalized, disembodied, or…

Universal access: making health systems work for women.

PubMed

Ravindran, T K Sundari

2012-01-01

Universal coverage by health services is one of the core obligations that any legitimate government should fulfil vis-à-vis its citizens. However, universal coverage may not in itself ensure universal access to health care. Among the many challenges to ensuring universal coverage as well as access to health care are structural inequalities by caste, race, ethnicity and gender. Based on a review of published literature and applying a gender-analysis framework, this paper highlights ways in which the policies aimed at promoting universal coverage may not benefit women to the same extent as men because of gender-based differentials and inequalities in societies. It also explores how 'gender-blind' organisation and delivery of health care services may deny universal access to women even when universal coverage has been nominally achieved. The paper then makes recommendations for addressing these.

Towards Quality Governance and Management of West African Universities: The Way Forward

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Etejere, Patricia Agnes Ovigueraye; Aburime, Aminat Ozohu; Aliyu, Olumayowa Kabir; Jekayinfa, Oyeyemi Jumoke

2017-01-01

Internal governance in West African universities is faced with considerable government participation in the performance of their traditional functions. External governing relationship is a function of government policies of the institutions and their commitments to stakeholders. The pressure to "deliver the goods" in good quality as well…

Cost Sharing-Past, Present-and Future?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardy, Robert B.

2000-01-01

Addresses ongoing issues in research cost sharing between government and universities in the context of the current Presidential Review Directive on the Government-University Research Partnership. Issues include the procurement vs. assistance conundrum, systemic shifting of costs of research from the government to universities, and the failure of…

Governance in Higher Education: The University in a State of Flux.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirsch, Werner Z., Ed.; Weber, Luc E., Ed.

This book explores the dimensions of university governance in research-intensive universities, seeks to develop cogent governance principles, and offers initiatives and recommendations. Papers were prepared as background for a conference to be held in January 2000 in Del Mar, California. Part 1, Missions and Responsibilities of Research…

Assessing Governance Alternatives for University-Owned Public Teaching Hospitals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitley, Evangeline L.

The governance options matrix is provided to offer a way for state and university policymakers to examine the functioning environments of specific university-owned public teaching hospitals. With it, they can consider the benefits and problems involved with different options for governance. The issues related to the environmental factors affecting…

University Governance in Flux. The Impact of External and Internal Pressures on the Distribution of Authority within British Universities: A Synoptic View

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shattock, Michael

2017-01-01

This article reviews changes in British university governance over a period of nearly a century. During this time there have been considerable changes in the way universities have distributed authority in governance although the legal frameworks, statutory and legislative, have remained largely unchanged. The article shows that there were distinct…

Center for Computational Structures Technology

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noor, Ahmed K.; Perry, Ferman W.

1995-01-01

The Center for Computational Structures Technology (CST) is intended to serve as a focal point for the diverse CST research activities. The CST activities include the use of numerical simulation and artificial intelligence methods in modeling, analysis, sensitivity studies, and optimization of flight-vehicle structures. The Center is located at NASA Langley and is an integral part of the School of Engineering and Applied Science of the University of Virginia. The key elements of the Center are: (1) conducting innovative research on advanced topics of CST; (2) acting as pathfinder by demonstrating to the research community what can be done (high-potential, high-risk research); (3) strong collaboration with NASA scientists and researchers from universities and other government laboratories; and (4) rapid dissemination of CST to industry, through integration of industrial personnel into the ongoing research efforts.

The Growing Influence of the Government on the Affairs of the University. A Self Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

George Washington Univ., Washington, DC.

A self-study conducted by George Washington University on the influence of the government on university affairs considered the following areas: (1) civil rights legislation and compliance; (2) legislation other than civil rights requiring compliance (e.g., occupational safety); (3) government program funding priorities; and (4) funds…

Optimal Government Subsidies to Universities in the Face of Tuition and Enrollment Constraints

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Easton, Stephen T.; Rockerbie, Duane W.

2008-01-01

This paper develops a simple static model of an imperfectly competitive university operating under government-imposed constraints on the ability to raise tuition fees and increase enrollments. The model has particular applicability to Canadian universities. Assuming an average cost pricing rule, rules for adequate government subsidies (operating…

Autonomy and Control: Danish University Reform in the Context of Modern Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wright, Susan; Orberg, Jakob Williams

2008-01-01

In 2003 the Danish government reformed universities to "set them free" from the state. Yet ministers are actively trying to shape universities and even set research agendas. How does the government's notion of "freedom" reconcile independence with control? We identify three discourses of freedom: freedom to use academic…

Japan's Higher Education Incorporation Policy: A Comparative Analysis of Three Stages of National University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanada, Shingo

2013-01-01

A number of countries with public higher education systems have implemented privatisation policies. In Japan, the national government introduced the National University Corporation Act (NUCA) in 2004 and changed the legal status of national universities from that of government-owned public institutions to independent administrative agencies. Its…

Environmentalization of the Physical Education Curriculum in Brazilian Universities: Culturally Comparative Lessons from Critical Outdoor Education in Australia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodrigues, Cae; Payne, Phillip G.

2017-01-01

'Environmentalizing' curriculum in Brazil is a worthy goal of global educational reform for sustainability but is challenging given the limits to rational change thesis already argued in critical social science and post-structural deconstructionism. The federal government mandate to environmentalize undergraduate physical education programs poses…

1970-1995: An IMHE Perspective on Higher Education in Transition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LeVasseur, Paul M.

1996-01-01

An address made to a conference of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's Program on Institutional Management in Higher Education (IMHE) reviews IMHE's origins and progress over its 25-year history. Evolution of a number of technical issues, substantive issues, and structures of university governance is analyzed, and major…

The Struggle to Satisfy Need: Exploring the Institutional Cues for Teaching Support Staff

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winslett, Greg

2016-01-01

The decision-making around resource allocation in universities is complex. It plays out through the structures of governance and bureaucracy, through interactions with colleagues, workplace cultures and through day-to-day individual work practices. To survive and succeed within this complex environment, teaching support staff need to be sensitive…

Back in the USSR: Path Dependence Effects in Student Representation in Russia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chirikov, Igor; Gruzdev, Ivan

2014-01-01

This paper analyses the current state of student representation in Russia as deeply rooted in the institutional structure of the Soviet higher education system. The study traces the origins of existing institutional arrangements for student representation at the level of university governance and analyses how representation practices have been…

The University Revisioned: An Alternative to Corporate Mis-Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lustig, Jeff

2005-01-01

Corporatization refers not only to the subordination of academic programs to outside business interest, but also to the more troubling intrusion of corporate forms of governance and market criteria of performance into the institution as a whole. In this paper, the author wants to show how this corporatization affects the substance, structure and…

Governor's Choice: Gender Composition of Trustee Boards at Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Mirinda L.

2010-01-01

Several studies have focused on the increasing gender diversity in the boardrooms of corporations; both on what causes the increase and how this affects performance. Institutions of higher education also have governing boards but their incentive structures are quite different than those of corporations, thus providing a unique opportunity to study…

Reversing Patterns of Control in Australia: Can Schools Be Self-Governing?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smart, Don

Historically, in sharp contrast with the United States, the Australian state systems of public education have always been extremely centralized and hierarchical in structure. While these highly centralized systems served the sparsely populated Australian states well during the early years of this century in providing universal free education and…

Whose Model Student? Learner-Centered Discourse and the Post-Secondary Privatization Agenda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoben, John

2016-01-01

Using discourse analysis, the author identifies contradictions in privatization discourse in order to highlight how state-based educational reform has used a normative language of student interests to fundamentally redefine the nature of the university's mission and its faculty based governance structures. The author proposes a counter-discourse…

A Planning Process Addresses an Organizational and Support Crisis in Information Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Keith R.; Davenport, Richard W.

1996-01-01

An institutionwide strategic planning effort at Central Michigan University, in response to a need for rapid and significant changes in its information technology infrastructure, is outlined. The effort resulted in a matrix governance structure for information technology that acknowledges the value of both distributed support and a strong central…

Investigations of the marine flora and fauna of the Islands of Palau.

PubMed

John Faulkner, D; Newman, David J; Cragg, Gordon M

2004-02-01

The Islands of Palau have proven to be an excellent source of bioactive marine natural products primarily as a result of the systematic studies from the late 1970s by the research groups of Scheuer at the University of Hawaii, Faulkner at the Scripps Oceanographic Institution/University of California at San Diego, and Paul at the University of Guam. Their efforts were materially aided by the excellent facilities provided by the Government of Palau and for the last 10 years, those of the NCI's shallow water collection contractor, the Coral Reef Research Foundation. This review covers the structures and biological activities where noted, of the multitudinous marine-derived natural products isolated from the marine flora and fauna of this nation and demonstrates the enormous variety of novel structures elaborated by these organisms.

Corporate Governance and Intellectual Capital: Evidence from Public and Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wahid, Akma Hidayu Dol Abdu; Abu, Nor Asyiqin; Latif, Wannoraini Abdul; Smith, Malcolm

2013-01-01

This study was conducted to examine the perception of academics towards intellectual capital (IC) and governance practice at two Malaysian universities: University A (a Public University) and University B (a Private University). It also examines the factors which contribute to the retention of qualified academics and the relationship between…

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Training Grant Supplement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DeWitt, Kenneth J.

2005-01-01

The following section summarizes the impact of the Ohio Space Grant Consortium (OSGC) in Ohio and to NASA over the last four-year period (February 1, 2001 to April 30, 2005) and highlights the important accomplishments of the consortium. The strength of the OSGC network of universities, community colleges, government agencies, industry, and outreach affiliates is well-established and is growing. The OSGC Consortium Management Structure was designed and remains committed to using the talents and diversity of everyone within this collaborative network, and operational policies and procedures are such that all consortium members are active contributors resulting in quality OSGC programs in research, education and service, while receiving a relatively small amount of NASA funds. The number of quality activities, both on- and off-campus, and collaborations/partnerships that OSGC has established with NASA and government agencies, state and local government, educational institutions, and private industry, has been impressive. Further desired university affiliate expansion requires additional funds. Diversity is shown in the OSGC 12-member Executive Committee by the presence of three campus representatives from Central State University, Wilberforce University, and The Ohio State University (two underrepresented minority, one female). One additional female campus representative (Cleveland State University) is currently on sabbatical leave and a valuable alternate member attends. Other additional female and underrepresented minority members are on the larger OSGC Advisory committee. All committee members participate fully in all consortium management and policy decisions. The OSGC Executive Committee strives to achieve and communicate a culture of trust, respect, teamwork, open communication, creativity, and empowerment. These programs have shown results and impact by their visibility and importance to Ohio and to NASA, resulting in strategic alliances created throughout Ohio. These alliances have improved over the last 4 years.

Governance Styles: Affirmative Action at Two Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanna, Charlotte; Mayhew, Lewis B.

The way that affirmative action fits into the faculty appointment process at Stanford University and the University of California at Berkeley was studied, based on 50 faculty interviews and supporting documentation. Traditions of governance at the universities determined the responses to faculty affirmative action. At Stanford University,…

Religious Colleges and Universities in America. A Selected Bibliography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunt, Thomas C.; Carper, James C.

A bibliography of private colleges and universities that are, or have been, religiously affiliated is provided. Twenty-eight chapters are: major works on religion and American colleges and universities; government aid to church-affiliated colleges and universities; government regulation of church-affiliated colleges and universities; Baptist…

Nursing domain of CI governance: recommendations for health IT adoption and optimization.

PubMed

Collins, Sarah A; Alexander, Dana; Moss, Jacqueline

2015-05-01

There is a lack of recommended models for clinical informatics (CI) governance that can facilitate successful health information technology implementation. To understand existing CI governance structures and provide a model with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils based on perspectives of nursing informatics leaders. We conducted a cross-sectional study through administering a survey via telephone to facilitate semistructured interviews from June 2012 through November 2012. We interviewed 12 nursing informatics leaders, across the United States, currently serving in executive- or director-level CI roles at integrated health care systems that have pioneered electronic health records implementation projects. We found the following 4 themes emerge: (1) Interprofessional partnerships are essential. (2) Critical role-based levels of practice and competencies need to be defined. (3) Integration into existing clinical infrastructure facilitates success. (4) CI governance is an evolving process. We described specific lessons learned and a model of CI governance with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils from the perspective of nursing informatics leaders. Applied CI work is highly interprofessional with patient safety implications that heighten the need for best practice models for governance structures, adequate resource allocation, and role-based competencies. Overall, there is a notable lack of a centralized CI group comprised of formally trained informaticians to provide expertise and promote adherence to informatics principles within EHR implementation governance structures. Our model of the nursing domain of CI governance with recommended roles, partnerships, and councils provides a starting point that should be further explored and validated. Not only can the model be used to understand, shape, and standardize roles, competencies, and structures within CI practice for nursing, it can be used within other clinical domains and by other informaticians. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Towards Universal Health Coverage via Social Health Insurance in China: Systemic Fragmentation, Reform Imperatives, and Policy Alternatives.

PubMed

He, Alex Jingwei; Wu, Shaolong

2017-12-01

China's remarkable progress in building a comprehensive social health insurance (SHI) system was swift and impressive. Yet the country's decentralized and incremental approach towards universal coverage has created a fragmented SHI system under which a series of structural deficiencies have emerged with negative impacts. First, contingent on local conditions and financing capacity, benefit packages vary considerably across schemes, leading to systematic inequity. Second, the existence of multiple schemes, complicated by massive migration, has resulted in weak portability of SHI, creating further barriers to access. Third, many individuals are enrolled on multiple schemes, which causes inefficient use of government subsidies. Moral hazard and adverse selection are not effectively managed. The Chinese government announced its blueprint for integrating the urban and rural resident schemes in early 2016, paving the way for the ultimate consolidation of all SHI schemes and equal benefits for all. This article proposes three policy alternatives to inform the consolidation: (1) a single-pool system at the prefectural level with significant government subsidies, (2) a dual-pool system at the prefectural level with risk-equalization mechanisms, and (3) a household approach without merging existing pools. Vertical integration to the provincial level is unlikely to happen in the near future. Two caveats are raised to inform this transition towards universal health coverage.

Mind That Gap! An Investigation of Gender Imbalance on the Governing Bodies of UK Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sherer, Michael J.; Zakaria, Idlan

2018-01-01

This paper evaluates the factors affecting the representation of females on governing bodies of UK universities. Applying resource dependence and stakeholder theory, the paper argues that it is in the interests of the organisation that there should be an equitable gender balance on the governing bodies of universities. Using data from university…

Studying Political Tensions in University Governance: A Focus on Board Member Constructions of Role

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rytmeister, Cathy; Marshall, Stephen

2007-01-01

The article considers the importance of examining how members of university governing bodies understand and perform their roles in the politically complex context of contemporary higher education. While a growing body of scholarly literature is devoted to the study of university governance, much of this work neglects the human aspects of…

New Challenges in the Governance of Catalan Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castro, Diego; Ion, Georgeta

2011-01-01

This article presents the results of a study of the principal issues involved in the governance of public universities in Catalonia. It was based on four stylised dilemmas that were drawn up to facilitate an understanding of the challenges facing university governance reforms. This paper discusses each of these dilemmas in the Catalan context and…

Governing boards and profound organizational change in hospitals.

PubMed

Fennell, M L; Alexander, J A

1989-01-01

Over the past decade the importance of governing boards as policy-making setting and oversight units within organizations has increased dramatically. Although this is true for both corporate- and private-sector organizations (Bacon and Brown 1977; Gelman 1988), it is particularly relevant to the health sector. Hospital governing boards, long considered inconsequential in hospital management, have recently become subject to closer scrutiny. The role of governing boards in decisions affecting hospital strategy and hospital performance is once again a topic of some interest in boardrooms and hospital trade journals. Impressive evidence of the renewed interest in governance is provided by the funding of an instructional consortium by the S.K. Kellogg Foundation to help strengthen trusteeship and governing board decision making, and to improve education for health services managers in the area of governance. Members of the consortium include the Hospital Research and Educational Trust, the American Hospital Association, the American College of Healthcare Executives, and the Association for University Programs in Health Administration. Among the activities being undertaken by this consortium is the development of a self-assessment tool/methodology for boards, a bibliography and reference guide on effective governance for practicing trustees, research workshops for faculty in health administration programs, and a teaching guide on governance and trustee leadership. Despite this interest, the question with which we began this article persists. Do governing boards make a difference? In the course of our review of previous work on governance we found that, more often than not, that question has been transformed into: how do boards influence hospital performance? And very often that question has been further narrowed into: which board structure leads to better hospital performance? We have argued for a respecification of the initial question. Rather than pursuing a definition of the maximally performing governing board, we should perhaps shift our focus back to a fuller understanding of board structure and function, and its influence on hospital change. The model developed here combines four essential, and very basic, questions: 1. What are the basic dimensions that underlie structural variation in different types of governing boards? 2. How do these board types influence structural change in hospitals? 3. How is the effect of board influence on change itself likely to change over time as a function of the hospital's general pattern of growth, decline, stability, or instability?(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Governance structure reform and antibiotics prescription in community health centres in Shenzhen, China.

PubMed

Liang, Xiaoyun; Xia, Tingsong; Zhang, Xiulan; Jin, Chenggang

2014-06-01

It is unclear whether changing the governance structure of community health centres (CHCs) could affect antibiotic prescribing behaviour. To explore how changes in governance structure affect antibiotic prescription for children younger than 5 years of age with acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURI) in CHCs in Shenzhen, China. This study used an interrupted time series design with a comparison series. On 1 June 2009, the Health Bureau of Shenzhen's Baoan District transferred CHCs from a hospital-affiliated model to a self-managed independent model regarding finance, personnel and employee compensation. We collected 23481 electronic medical records of children younger than 5 years of age who were treated for AURI on an outpatient basis 1 year before and 1 year after governance structure reform. We used segmented regression analysis to evaluate the effect of reform on antibiotic prescription. After the reform, the proportion of patients receiving an antibiotic injection per month and the proportion of patients receiving two or more antibiotics conditional on receiving an antibiotic per month decreased 9.17% and 7.34%, respectively (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). In the intervention series, the proportion of patients receiving an antibiotic injection per month and the monthly average cost of the antibiotics prescribed per patient continued to decrease over time compared with the control series (P < 0.001 or P < 0.05). This study suggests that governance structure reform can have positive effects on behaviour for antibiotic prescribing. Moreover, this short-term effect might have important implications for further community health reforms in China. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Flight-vehicle structures education in the US: Assessment and recommendations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noor, Ahmed K.

1987-01-01

An assessment is made of the technical contents of flight-vehicle structures curricula at 41 U.S. universities with accredited aerospace engineering programs. The assessment is based on the technical needs for new and projected aeronautical and space systems as well as on the likely characteristics of the aerospace engineering work environment. A number of deficiencies and areas of concern are identified and recommendations are presented for enhancing the effectiveness of flight-vehicle structures education. A number of government supported programs that can help aerospace engineering education are listed in the appendix.

Diversity of Approaches to Structuring University-Based Earth System Science Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aron, J.; Ruzek, M.; Johnson, D. R.

2004-12-01

Over the past quarter century, the "Earth system science" paradigm has emerged among the interdisciplinary science community, emphasizing interactions among components hitherto considered within separate disciplines: atmosphere (air); hydrosphere (water); biosphere (life); lithosphere (land); anthroposphere (human dimension); and exosphere (solar system and beyond). How should the next generation of Earth system scientists learn to contribute to this interdisciplinary endeavor? There is no one simple answer. The Earth System Science Education program, funded by NASA, has addressed this question by supporting faculty at U.S. universities who develop new courses, curricula and degree programs in their institutional contexts. This report demonstrates the diversity of approaches to structuring university-based Earth system science education, focusing on the 18 current grantees of the Earth System Science Education Program for the 21st Century (ESSE21). One of the most fundamental characteristics is the departmental structure for teaching Earth system science. The "home" departments of the Earth system science faculty range from Earth sciences and physics to agronomy and social work. A brand-new institution created an interdisciplinary Institute for Earth Systems Science and Policy without traditional "parent" departments. Some institutions create new degree programs as majors or as minors while others work within existing degree programs to add or revise courses. A university may also offer multiple strands, such as a degree in the Science of the Earth System and a degree in the Human Dimensions of the Earth System. Defining a career path is extremely important to students considering Earth system science programs and a major institutional challenge for all programs in Earth system science education. How will graduate programs assess prospective students? How will universities and government agencies assess prospective faculty and scientists? How will government agencies allocate funds to interdisciplinary Earth system science and technology? Finally, how should the Earth system science education community evolve?

Research-University Governance in Thailand: The Case of Chulalongkorn University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rungfamai, Kreangchai

2017-01-01

This specific case of Chulalongkorn University (CU), Thailand, is useful to readers who are interested in comparative aspect of the experiences of research universities in the South East Asian context. This paper aims to provide a description of the environments, changes, and university stakeholders' perceptions in terms of governance arrangements…

College and University Governance: The University of Virginia Governing Board's Attempt to Remove the President

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of University Professors, 2013

2013-01-01

The report documents a major breakdown in governance at UVA, focusing on the role of the board of visitors and its rector, Helen Dragas, who initiated the effort to force the president's resignation. It finds that the events at the university resulted from "a failure by those charged with institutional oversight to understand the institution…

Universities, the State and the Market: Changing Patterns of University Governance in Sweden and Beyond

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engwall, Lars

2007-01-01

This paper analyses changes in the governance of universities as a result of growing demands from society as well as of a strong penetration of management ideology into all kinds of institutions. For this purpose the paper uses a theoretical framework focusing on two governance mechanisms in social systems: entry control and performance control.…

From University Democratisation to Managerialism: The Changing Legitimation of University Governance and the Place of Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luescher-Mamashela, Thierry M.

2010-01-01

This article examines the implications of the rise of managerialism for student participation in university governance. It explores this theoretically by proposing a matrix of ideal-type regimes of student governance based on the work of Hyden, Olsen and others. The working of this typology is illustrated in a case study of the student political…

The Governance and Decision Making Processes of the Arizona Board of Regents and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Jacqueline; Johnson, Edward

One of the working papers in the final report of the Arizona Board of Regents' (ABOR) Task Force on Excellence, Efficiency and Competitiveness, this document looks at ABOR and at the governance and decision making processes of Arizona's three public universities. ABOR is a body corporate charged with the governance of the three universities, which…

Governance of Higher Education--The Role of Proximity in Teaching Quality

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Macheridis, Nikos; Paulsson, Alexander

2016-01-01

The starting point of this article is the relation between teaching quality and expectations by different governance actors in higher education. Managing a department in a public university is, to a large extent, about the coordination of governance actors, involving government authorities as well as the university and the faculty. Internally, the…

Demographics and Case Studies of Galactic Outflows in the Local Universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rupke, David

2017-07-01

Galactic outflows driven by both star formation and active black holes are an important driver of galaxy evolution. The local universe is a sensitive laboratory for understanding the scaling relations that characterize these winds and the physics that govern them. I will review what we know from statistical studies about the prevalance and properties of nearby galactic winds and how these properties depend on those of the host galaxy or power source. I will also highlight detailed case studies of key objects that illustrate the multiphase structure of these winds.

The Cultural Revolution

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-30

the Naval Postgraduate School: Approved for public release, distribution unlimited. Prepared for : Naval Postgraduate...Innovation of the Year Award for testing at Harvard University, and the 2000 Tech Pono Award for the testing at the State of Hawaii 10. Clients in...Conclusion Best Value/PIPS is a cultural revolution for the government. The process/structure has been well tested over an extended

Reforming Ontario's University Student Loans and Fee Structures. Discussion Series, Issue 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

West, Edwin G.

The Ontario Student Loan Program has experienced problems with default on student loans, as have loan systems in other countries where governments rely mainly on banks and special departments of quasi-public institutions to monitor or police the borrowers. This report discusses the need for radical modifications of the student loan program to…

Applied Research Centres at South African Universities. The Relationship between 'Base' Internal Structures and Network 'Superstructures'

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, David

2005-01-01

This article considers the way in which applied research centres and units at South African higher education institutions enhance their networks with industry, government and community organizations. The findings from 12 case studies of research groupings at higher education institutions in Cape Town support the author's argument for a more…

Medical universities educational and research online services: benchmarking universities' website towards e-government.

PubMed

Farzandipour, Mehrdad; Meidani, Zahra

2014-06-01

Websites as one of the initial steps towards an e-government adoption do facilitate delivery of online and customer-oriented services. In this study we intended to investigate the role of the websites of medical universities in providing educational and research services following the E-government maturity model in the Iranian universities. This descriptive and cross- sectional study was conducted through content analysis and benchmarking the websites in 2012. The research population included the entire medical university website (37). Delivery of educational and research services through these university websites including information, interaction, transaction, and Integration were investigated using a checklist. The data were then analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and using SPSS software. Level of educational and research services by websites of the medical universities type I and II was evaluated medium as 1.99 and 1.89, respectively. All the universities gained a mean score of 1 out of 3 in terms of integration of educational and research services. Results of the study indicated that Iranian universities have passed information and interaction stages, but they have not made much progress in transaction and integration stages. Failure to adapt to e-government in Iranian medical universities in which limiting factors such as users' e-literacy, access to the internet and ICT infrastructure are not so crucial as in other organizations, suggest that e-government realization goes beyond technical challenges.

The University of California at Berkeley: An Emerging Global Research University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ma, Wanhua

2008-01-01

Federal government science policy and R&D investment are two major factors for the success of research universities in the United States. This case analysis examines how the University of California at Berkeley shifted from a regional to a globally oriented research university by the influence of federal government science policy and R&D…

Educating for health service reform: clinical learning, governance and capability - a case study protocol.

PubMed

Gardner, Anne; Gardner, Glenn; Coyer, Fiona; Gosby, Helen

2016-01-01

The nurse practitioner is a growing clinical role in Australia and internationally, with an expanded scope of practice including prescribing, referring and diagnosing. However, key gaps exist in nurse practitioner education regarding governance of specialty clinical learning and teaching. Specifically, there is no internationally accepted framework against which to measure the quality of clinical learning and teaching for advanced specialty practice. A case study design will be used to investigate educational governance and capability theory in nurse practitioner education. Nurse practitioner students, their clinical mentors and university academic staff, from an Australian university that offers an accredited nurse practitioner Master's degree, will be invited to participate in the study. Semi-structured interviews will be conducted with students and their respective clinical mentors and university academic staff to investigate learning objectives related to educational governance and attributes of capability learning. Limited demographic data on age, gender, specialty, education level and nature of the clinical healthcare learning site will also be collected. Episodes of nurse practitioner student specialty clinical learning will be observed and documentation from the students' healthcare learning sites will be collected. Descriptive statistics will be used to report age groups, areas of specialty and types of facilities where clinical learning and teaching is observed. Qualitative data from interviews, observations and student documents will be coded, aggregated and explored to inform a framework of educational governance, to confirm the existing capability framework and describe any additional characteristics of capability and capability learning. This research has widespread significance and will contribute to ongoing development of the Australian health workforce. Stakeholders from industry and academic bodies will be involved in shaping the framework that guides the quality and governance of clinical learning and teaching in specialty nurse practitioner practice. Through developing standards for advanced clinical learning and teaching, and furthering understanding of capability theory for advanced healthcare practitioners, this research will contribute to evidence-based models of advanced specialty postgraduate education.

International and national initiatives in biobanking.

PubMed

Ectors, N

2011-01-01

Translational research and biobanking are "in", also in Flanders and in Belgium. In Flanders the Advice report 120 from the Flemish Council for Science and innovation, entitled "Extension of translational research in Flanders" paved the way for the Center for Medical Innovation. The Center for Medical Innovation aims at promoting collaboration between Flemish Universities, university hospitals, pharma and biotech industry and the Flemish Government specifically in the domain of translational research. The Initiative # 27 of the Cancer plan from the Federal Government aims at financing a virtual interuniversity tumor bank in order to promote "cancer" translational research in a collaborative network between academic structures, general hospitals en different industrial partners (pharmacy, biotechnology, diagnostics, ...) active in research in Belgium. However, the scientific interest in the human tissues is not new, at all. This text aims at giving an overview of the development and evolutions of "biobanking" initiatives.

In the National Interest: The Federal Government and Research-Intensive Universities. A Report from the Ad Hoc Working Group on Research-Intensive Universities and the Federal Government.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and Technology, Washington, DC.

This report looks at the relationship between the federal government and research intensive universities (RIUs), identifies critical trends and issues that are affecting their relationship, and offers principles and recommendations for the future. Following an introduction, the origins and characteristics of the relations between the federal…

A Progress Report by The Committee on University Governance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida Atlantic Univ., Boca Raton.

Based on its conclusion that a unicameral senate would be both desirable and feasible, Florida Atlantic University's Committee on University Governance drafted a proposal to establish a "single university-wide Senate, which truly represents Administration, Faculty, and Students." The two parts of the proposal present (1) the composition…

University Governance Reforms: Potential Problems of More Autonomy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christensen, Tom

2011-01-01

University governance reforms are very much a reflection of the broader New Public Management reforms that are focusing on increasing efficiency in public organizations. The article deals with how university reform ideas of a generic nature, emphasizing that universities should be treated and reformed like any other public organizations, are…

The University Visitor and University Governance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, David M.; Whalley, Peregrine W. F.

1996-01-01

The role of the University Visitor, whose traditional function is to mediate conflict within a university and contribute to its governance, is examined in the context of Australian higher education. Medieval English ecclesiastical origins of the office are described, and calls for abolition are examined. It is argued that the office should be…

Entrepreneurialism in Japanese and UK Universities: Governance, Management, Leadership, and Funding

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yokoyama, Keiko

2006-01-01

This paper scrutinises organisational change in Japanese and UK universities which are engaged in entrepreneurial activities. The study focuses on recent changes in governance, management, leadership, and funding in these universities. The paper argues there are convergent trends between Japanese and UK universities in terms of increasing…

The European System for Electing University Presidents and University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ma, Huaide

2014-01-01

The system of electing university presidents in Spain, Switzerland, Italy, and the United Kingdom has distinctive characteristics. Almost all university presidents are elected by teachers and students, either directly or indirectly through elections with government approval of the appointment a mere formality. Principles of these elections include…

Quarks and the cosmos.

PubMed

Turner, Michael S

2007-01-05

Cosmology is in the midst of a period of revolutionary discovery, propelled by bold ideas from particle physics and by technological advances from gigapixel charge-coupled device cameras to peta-scale computing. The basic features of the universe have now been determined: It is 13.7 billion years old, spatially flat, and expanding at an accelerating rate; it is composed of atoms (4%), exotic dark matter (20%), and dark energy (76%); and there is evidence that galaxies and other structures were seeded by quantum fluctuations. Although we know much about the universe, we understand far less. Poised to dramatically advance our understanding of both the universe and the laws that govern it, cosmology is on the verge of a golden age.

Emerging Regulatory Regionalism in University Governance: A Comparative Study of China and Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mok, Ka Ho

2010-01-01

High EdWell aware of the growing importance of the global university ranking exercises, many governments in East Asia have introduced different strategies to benchmark with leading universities in order to enhance the global competitiveness of their universities. With strong determination to do better in such global ranking exercises, universities…

Effective University Teaching: Views of Australian University Students from Low Socio-Economic Status Backgrounds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Devlin, Marcia; O'Shea, Helen

2012-01-01

As the Australian higher education population further diversifies as a result of federal government policy changes, the collective understanding of effective university teaching in the Australian context will need to evolve to incorporate such shifts. The Australian Government has set clear targets for increased university participation of people…

Agreement Between Fairleigh Dickinson University and Fairleigh Dickenson University Council of American Association of University Professors Chapter, September 1, 1977-August 31, 1979.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1977

The negotiation agreement covers nondiscrimination, salary, fringe benefits, leave of absence, faculty workload, working conditions, calendars and schedules, department governance, college and campus governance, the university senate, grievance and arbitration procedures, research and travel, financial exigency, employment security, association…

How to Run a University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, G. R.

2006-01-01

The Lambert Review of Business-University Collaboration proposed a business model for universities in 2003. Pressure to change university governance to make it match the business model remains strong, and it is being most actively applied to Oxford and Cambridge. The Oxford and Cambridge governance debates (which began in the 1990s) open up the…

Thoughts on the Role of Government in the Development of World-Class Universities in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guangcai, Yan

2011-01-01

Looking at the rise of world-class universities through history, creating an institutional environment in which universities are relatively autonomous, while also ensuring effective material support from the government is essential for the formation of world-class universities. It is worth examining the deteriorating academic environment in China…

Building community participatory research coalitions from the ground up: the Philadelphia area research community coalition.

PubMed

Johnson, Jerry C; Hayden, U Tara; Thomas, Nicole; Groce-Martin, Jennine; Henry, Thomas; Guerra, Terry; Walker, Alia; West, William; Barnett, Marina; Kumanyika, Shiriki

2009-01-01

A coalition of formal, large organizations and informal, grassroots organizations, recruited through an open process, contrasts with the usual practice of developing a community-based participatory research (CBPR) coalition with a small number of well-developed organizations. This paper describes the process, developmental challenges, and accomplishments of the Philadelphia Area Research Community Coalition (PARCC). The University of Pennsylvania-Cheyney University of Pennsylvania EXPORT Center established the PARCC, an academic-community research partnership of twenty-two diverse organizations of variable size and with variable experience in health research. The EXPORT Center provided the infrastructure and staff support needed to engage in sustained, face-to-face community outreach and to nurture, coordinate, and facilitate the 2.5-year developmental process. The start-up process, governing principles, activities, challenges, and lessons learned are described. Since its inception, PARCC established core work groups, a governance structure, operating principles, research training activities, community health education projects, and several PARCC-affiliated research projects. Organizations across the spectrum of developmental capacity were major contributors to PARCC. The success of PARCC was based on committed and trusted leadership, preexisting relationships, trust among members from the community and academia, research training, extensive time commitment of members to the coalition's work, and rapid development of work group activities. Building a CBPR coalition from the ground up involving organizations of diverse size and at various stages of development presents unique challenges that can be overcome with committed leadership, clear governance principles, and appropriate infrastructure. Engagement in community-based research during the early stages, while still developing trust, structure, and governance procedures can be accomplished as long as training of all partners is conducted and the trust building is not ignored.

Leadership, governance and management in dental education - new societal challenges.

PubMed

Townsend, G; Thomas, R; Skinner, V; Bissell, V; Cohen, L; Cowpe, J; Giuliani, M; Gomez-Roman, G; Hovland, E; Imtiaz, A; Kalkwarf, K; Kim, K-K; Lamster, I; Marley, J; Mattsson, L; Paganelli, C; Quintao, C; Swift, J; Thirawat, J; Williams, J; Soekanto, S; Jones, M

2008-02-01

Dental schools around the world face new challenges that raise issues with regard to how they are governed, led and managed. With rapid societal changes, including globalization and consumerism, the roles of universities and their funding have become intensely debated topics. When financial burdens on universities increase, so does the pressure on dental schools. This is exacerbated by the relative expense of running dental schools and also by the limited understanding of both university managers and the public of the nature and scope of dentistry as a profession. In these circumstances, it is essential for dental schools to have good systems of leadership and management in place so that they can not only survive in difficult times, but flourish in the longer term. This paper discusses the concept of governance and how it relates to leadership, management and administration in dental schools and hospitals. Various approaches to governance and management in dental schools on different continents and regions are summarized and contrasted. A number of general governance and leadership issues are addressed. For example, a basic principle supported by the Working Group is that an effective governance structure must link authority and responsibility to performance and review, i.e. accountability, and that the mechanism for achieving this should be transparent. The paper also addresses issues specific to governing, leading and managing dental schools. Being a dean of a modern dental school is a very demanding role and some issues relating to this role are raised, including: dilemmas facing deans, preparing to be dean and succession planning. The importance of establishing a shared vision and mission, and creating the right culture and climate within a dental school, are emphasized. The Working Group advocates establishing a culture of scholarship in dental schools for both teaching and research. The paper addresses the need for effective staff management, motivation and development, and highlights the salience of good communication. The Working Group suggests establishing an advisory board to the dean and school, including lay persons and other external stakeholders, as one way of separating governance and management to some extent and providing some checks and balances within a dental school. Several other suggestions and recommendations are made about governance, management and leadership issues, including the need for schools to promote an awareness of their roles by good communication and thereby influence perceptions of others about their roles and values.

Universal Higher Education and Positional Advantage: Soviet Legacies and Neoliberal Transformations in Russia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smolentseva, Anna

2017-01-01

The great expansion of participation in higher education in Russia in the post-Soviet period was the layered and contradictory result of both conditions established in the Soviet period, and the structuring of reforms after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1992. The Soviet government was strongly committed to the expansion of education across…

In Search of a Professional Identity: Higher Education in Macau and the Academic Role of Faculty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hao, Zhidong

2016-01-01

Higher education in Macau, China, is characterized by vocationalization of institutions, lack of faculty professionalization, and little or no shared governance. Using general statistics of higher education in Macau and a case study of one university, this paper illustrates not only the status of the profession but also the structural, cultural,…

Governance of Indian Universities: From Decay to Dynamism?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saxena, R. P.

1990-01-01

Increasing government control, extraconstitutional pressures in governance, appointment and dismissal of vice-chancellors on political considerations and drift of the academic community from serious academic pursuits have undermined the autonomy of Indian universities. This paper analyses from macro-micro angles the causes for the decay of the…

Management, Governance and Leadership: A Guide for College and University Administrators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Millett, John D.

Perspectives on management, governance, and leadership of the university are presented. The following organizational characteristics are discussed: sense of purpose, work specialization, work technology, pattern of cooperation, pattern of management, pattern of governance, and pattern of leadership. The following purposes of American colleges and…

Towards a Micro Foundation of Leadership, Governance, and Management in Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blaschke, Steffen; Frost, Jetta; Hattke, Fabian

2014-01-01

Leadership, governance, and management are frequently conceptualized as conflictory institutional logics. The recent shift to a "new managerialism" in universities, for example, clearly favors business-like leadership and management styles over collegial governance practices. This article provides a micro foundation of leadership,…

Road building, land use and climate change: prospects for environmental governance in the Amazon.

PubMed

Perz, Stephen; Brilhante, Silvia; Brown, Foster; Caldas, Marcellus; Ikeda, Santos; Mendoza, Elsa; Overdevest, Christine; Reis, Vera; Reyes, Juan Fernando; Rojas, Daniel; Schmink, Marianne; Souza, Carlos; Walker, Robert

2008-05-27

Some coupled land-climate models predict a dieback of Amazon forest during the twenty-first century due to climate change, but human land use in the region has already reduced the forest cover. The causation behind land use is complex, and includes economic, institutional, political and demographic factors. Pre-eminent among these factors is road building, which facilitates human access to natural resources that beget forest fragmentation. While official government road projects have received considerable attention, unofficial road building by interest groups is expanding more rapidly, especially where official roads are being paved, yielding highly fragmented forest mosaics. Effective governance of natural resources in the Amazon requires a combination of state oversight and community participation in a 'hybrid' model of governance. The MAP Initiative in the southwestern Amazon provides an example of an innovative hybrid approach to environmental governance. It embodies a polycentric structure that includes government agencies, NGOs, universities and communities in a planning process that links scientific data to public deliberations in order to mitigate the effects of new infrastructure and climate change.

Universal Health Coverage: A Political Struggle and Governance Challenge

PubMed Central

Méndez, Claudio A.

2015-01-01

Universal health coverage has become a rallying cry in health policy, but it is often presented as a consensual, technical project. It is not. A review of the broader international literature on the origins of universal coverage shows that it is intrinsically political and cannot be achieved without recognition of its dependence on, and consequences for, both governance and politics. On one hand, a variety of comparative research has shown that health coverage is associated with democratic political accountability. Democratization, and in particular left-wing parties, gives governments particular cause to expand health coverage. On the other hand, governance, the ways states make and implement decisions, shapes any decision to strive for universal health coverage and the shape of its implementation. PMID:26180991

The Role and Responsibilities of Pharmacy Student Government Associations in Pharmacy Programs.

PubMed

Kennedy, Daniel R; Ginsburg, Diane B; Harnois, Nathan J; Spooner, Joshua J

2015-09-25

Objective. To identify student government designs used by pharmacy programs and to examine their functions, duties, and relationships with other student organizations. Methods. A 21-question survey was developed and distributed to pharmacy deans, who were asked to forward the survey to the leader of their student government organization. Results were analyzed in aggregate. Results. Seventy-one programs responded (56%). Of respondents, 96% had a pharmacy student government association (PSGA). Programs officers generally consisted of a president (87%), secretary (81%), vice-president (79%), and treasurer (70%). Functions of the PSGAs included oversight of fundraisers (76%), on-campus events (69%), social events (61%), organizational meetings (59%), and off-campus events (57%). Approximately half (45%) of PSGAs were part of a larger, university-wide student government. Conclusion. While student government organizations are nearly universal in pharmacy programs, their oversight of other student organizations, as well as their involvement within a larger university-wide student government, varies greatly.

Flight-vehicle structures education in the United States Assessment and recommendations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noor, Ahmed K.; Dixon, S. C.

1987-01-01

An assessment is made of the technical contents of flight-vehicle structures curricula at 41 U.S. universities with accredited aerospace engineering programs. The assessment is based on the technical needs for the new and projected aeronautical and space systems as well as on the likely characteristics of the aerospace engineering work environment. A number of deficiencies and areas of concern are identified and recommendations are presented for enhancing the effectiveness of flight-vehicle structures education. A number of government supported programs that can help aerospace engineering education are listed in the appendix.

Structural Integrity and Durability of Reusable Space Propulsion Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

A two-day conference on the structural integrity and durability of reusable space propulsion systems was held on 14 to 15 May 1991 at the NASA Lewis Research Center. Presentations were made by industry, university, and government researchers organized into four sessions: (1) aerothermodynamic loads; (2) instrumentation; (3) fatigue, fracture, and constitutive modeling; and (4) structural dynamics. The principle objectives were to disseminate research results and future plans in each of four areas. This publication contains extended abstracts and the visual material presented during the conference. Particular emphasis is placed on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) and the SSME turbopump.

Fabrications, Time-Consuming Bureaucracy and Moral Dilemmas--Finnish University Employees' Experiences on the Governance of University Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jauhiainen, Arto; Jauhiainen, Annukka; Laiho, Anne; Lehto, Reeta

2015-01-01

This article explores how the university workers of two Finnish universities experienced the range of neoliberal policymaking and governance reforms implemented in the 2000s. These reforms include quality assurance, system of defined annual working hours, outcome-based salary system and work time allocation system. Our point of view regarding…

Rationale for Students' Participation in University Governance and Organizational Effectiveness in Ekiti and Ondo States, Nigeria

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Akomolafe, C. O.; Ibijola, E. Y.

2012-01-01

The study investigated the rationale for students' participation in university governance and organizational effectiveness. A descriptive research of survey design was adopted. The population consisted of all staff and students of Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State and Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State. 700 subjects…

The Governance of University Knowledge Transfer: A Critical Review of the Literature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Geuna, Aldo; Muscio, Alessandro

2009-01-01

Universities have long been involved in knowledge transfer activities. Yet the last 30 years have seen major changes in the governance of university-industry interactions. Knowledge transfer has become a strategic issue: as a source of funding for university research and (rightly or wrongly) as a policy tool for economic development. Universities…

Assessment of Groups Influence on Management Style as Related to University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Irtwange, S. V.; Orsaah, S.

2010-01-01

The study was undertaken with the objective of assessing groups influence on management style as related to University governance with University of Agriculture, Makurdi as a case study from academic staff perspective. The management style of the Vice Chancellor of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi between the period September 3, 1996 to…

Does Government Subsidy Guide Private Universities towards Favorable Directions?: A Preliminary Analysis on Financial Data of Private Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Jianmin

2010-01-01

With the decreasing college-aged population and the transforming policy environment in Japan, private universities are confronted with management crises, such as bankruptcy, mergers, etc. As the second largest source of funding, government subsidies for private universities is considered to have contributed to enhancing educational conditions and…

Partnering for a Prosperous & Secure Future: The Federal Government and Research Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of American Universities, 2012

2012-01-01

With the Presidential election two months away, this paper presents a set of actions the Association of American Universities (AAU) believes the President and his Administration can take to advance the partnership between the federal government and research universities--as well as actions that universities themselves need to take to ensure that…

Industry/University Research Cooperation: The State Government Role.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindsey, Quentin W.

1985-01-01

The role of state government in university-industry research cooperation should be expanded. It is the states' responsibility, more than the federal government's, to foster effective and expeditious use of scientific and engineering resources in relation to the civilian economy, and the states must foster organizational arrangements to support…

Faculty in Governance at the University of Minnesota.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deegan, William L.; Mortimer, Kenneth P.

This is 1 of 3 related case studies of faculty in college and university government. The purpose was to investigate: the formal mechanisms and the informal practices of faculty participation in governance; the emergence of oligarchies and the relationships of these "ruling" groups to faculty constituencies and administrative agencies;…

Managerialism and Higher Education Governance: Implications for South African Universities?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adams, F.

2006-01-01

This article identifies some of the implications of corporate forms of higher education governance for the management of South African universities. It explores corporate higher educational governance with reference to institutional autonomy incorporating academic freedom. It is the contention of this article that the primary driver of higher…

Boards Can't Pass the Buck.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keohane, Nannerl O.; And Others

1996-01-01

Three university administrators, the president of the Association of Governing Boards, and a legislator/university trustee respond to the question: "In this era of diminishing resources and changing expectations of higher education, will governing boards significantly influence how colleges and universities respond?" All support the potential…

Changing Patterns of Governance for Australian Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harman, Kay; Treadgold, Elaine

2007-01-01

Dissatisfaction with the "corporate" model for university governance, a model advocated by both sides of the Australian parliament and adopted by Australian universities over the past two decades, prompted the Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee (AVCC) in 2003 to suggest an alternative "trusteeship" model. The paper…

The Universities and Federal Regulation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowley, John C.

The impact of increasing federal regulation on American universities is discussed based on an informal survey of senior academic and administrative officials in 13 public and private universities. As government regulation is becoming more intensive and compliance more resource- and time-consuming, government is perceived as having little…

Ohio Space Grant Funds for Scholarship/Fellowship Students

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1996-01-01

The Ohio Aerospace Institute (OAT), a consortium of university, industry, and government, was formed to promote collaborative aerospace-related research, graduate education, and technology transfer among the nine Ohio universities with doctoral level engineering programs, NASA Lewis Research Center, Air Force Wright Laboratory, and industry. OAT provides enhanced opportunities for affiliates to utilize federal government research laboratories and facilities at Lewis Research Center (LeRC) and Wright Laboratory. As a component of the graduate education and research programs, students and faculty from the member universities, LeRC engineers and scientists, and visiting investigators from industry, government and non-member universities conduct collaborative research projects using the unique facilities at LeRC, and will participate in collaborative education programs. Faculty from the member universities who hold collateral appointments at OAT, and government and industry experts serving as adjunct faculty, can participate in the supervision of student research.

Medical Universities Educational and Research Online Services: Benchmarking Universities’ Website Towards E-Government

PubMed Central

Farzandipour, Mehrdad; Meidani, Zahra

2014-01-01

Background: Websites as one of the initial steps towards an e-government adoption do facilitate delivery of online and customer-oriented services. In this study we intended to investigate the role of the websites of medical universities in providing educational and research services following the E-government maturity model in the Iranian universities. Methods: This descriptive and cross- sectional study was conducted through content analysis and benchmarking the websites in 2012. The research population included the entire medical university website (37). Delivery of educational and research services through these university websites including information, interaction, transaction, and Integration were investigated using a checklist. The data were then analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and using SPSS software. Results: Level of educational and research services by websites of the medical universities type I and II was evaluated medium as 1.99 and 1.89, respectively. All the universities gained a mean score of 1 out of 3 in terms of integration of educational and research services. Conclusions: Results of the study indicated that Iranian universities have passed information and interaction stages, but they have not made much progress in transaction and integration stages. Failure to adapt to e-government in Iranian medical universities in which limiting factors such as users’ e-literacy, access to the internet and ICT infrastructure are not so crucial as in other organizations, suggest that e-government realization goes beyond technical challenges. PMID:25132713

From corporate governance to hospital governance. Authority, transparency and accountability of Belgian non-profit hospitals' board and management.

PubMed

Eeckloo, Kristof; Van Herck, Gustaaf; Van Hulle, Cynthia; Vleugels, Arthur

2004-04-01

As a result of multiple developments in health care and health care policy, hospital administrators, policy makers and researchers are increasingly challenged to reflect on the meaning of good hospital governance and how they can implement it in the hospital organisations. The question arises whether and to what extent governance models that have been developed within the corporate world can be valuable for these reflections. Due to the unique societal position of hospitals--which involves a large diversity of stakeholders--the claim for autonomy of various highly professional groups and the lack of clear business objectives, principles of corporate governance cannot be translated into the hospital sector without specific adjustments. However, irrespective of these contextual differences, corporate governance can provide for a comprehensive 'frame of reference', to which the hospital sector will have to give its own interpretation. A multidisciplinary research unit of the university of Leuven has taken the initiative to develop a governance model for Belgian hospitals. As part of the preliminary research work a survey has been performed among 82 hospitals of the Flemish Community on their governance structure, the composition of the governance entities, the partition of competencies and the relationship between management and medical staff.

Cosmic microwave background radiation of black hole universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, T. X.

2010-11-01

Modifying slightly the big bang theory, the author has recently developed a new cosmological model called black hole universe. This new cosmological model is consistent with the Mach principle, Einsteinian general theory of relativity, and observations of the universe. The origin, structure, evolution, and expansion of the black hole universe have been presented in the recent sequence of American Astronomical Society (AAS) meetings and published recently in a scientific journal: Progress in Physics. This paper explains the observed 2.725 K cosmic microwave background radiation of the black hole universe, which grew from a star-like black hole with several solar masses through a supermassive black hole with billions of solar masses to the present universe with hundred billion-trillions of solar masses. According to the black hole universe model, the observed cosmic microwave background radiation can be explained as the black body radiation of the black hole universe, which can be considered as an ideal black body. When a hot and dense star-like black hole accretes its ambient materials and merges with other black holes, it expands and cools down. A governing equation that expresses the possible thermal history of the black hole universe is derived from the Planck law of black body radiation and radiation energy conservation. The result obtained by solving the governing equation indicates that the radiation temperature of the present universe can be ˜2.725 K if the universe originated from a hot star-like black hole, and is therefore consistent with the observation of the cosmic microwave background radiation. A smaller or younger black hole universe usually cools down faster. The characteristics of the original star-like or supermassive black hole are not critical to the physical properties of the black hole universe at present, because matter and radiation are mainly from the outside space, i.e., the mother universe.

Governing Universities. Changing the Culture?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bargh, Catherine; Scott, Peter; Smith, David

This book reports on a British research project involving a questionnaire survey of 494 university governors and a multi-site case study analysis to examine how different types of higher education institutions (especially "old" and "new" universities and colleges) converge and/or diverge in their governance styles. Chapter 1…

Governing Public Colleges and Universities. A Handbook for Trustees, Chief Executives, and Other Campus Leaders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingram, Richard T., Ed.; And Others

This volume for and by college and university leaders contains a foreword by Clark Kerr, president emeritus of the University of California, followed by 21 papers and resource suggestions on governing public colleges and universities. Papers are organized in three parts. Part 1 addresses the context within which trustees function. Part 2 covers…

Hierarchy and Power: A Conceptual Analysis with Particular Reference to New Public Management Reforms in German Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hüther, Otto; Krücken, Georg

2013-01-01

For more than 20 years, new public management (NPM) has been the guiding governance model of university reforms in Europe. One central aspect of this governance model is to strengthen the hierarchy within the universities. Recent research shows that the formal decision-making authority of university leaders and deans has increased in almost every…

Trustee Survey Paints Grim Budget Picture over Next Year for Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fain, Paul

2009-01-01

According to a new survey conducted by the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, about 80% of the governing boards of public universities say they are dealing with state budget cuts this year. Trustees also said they are working extra hours to cope with the financial strains on their universities, and they have enacted or…

Transforming University Governance in Ukraine: Collegiums, Bureaucracies, and Political Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Osipian, Ararat L.

2014-01-01

The massification of higher education in Ukraine is a fact, while financing the system is still an issue. External pressures from the central government and the market require changes in university governance. Europeanization of the educational system and adherence to the principles laid down by the Bologna Declaration add to already existing…

Collection Development Policy: Federal Government Publications at Eastern Washington University Libraries.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roselle, Ann; Chan, Karen

This collection development policy serves as a guide for the selection and retention of depository government documents by the Government Publications Unit of the Kennedy Memorial Library of Eastern Washington University (EWU) in Cheney, Washington. The library selects approximately 65 percent of the depository items distributed by the U.S.…

International Models and Domestic Translations? The Case of University Governing Boards in Romania and Lithuania

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Králiková, Renáta

2015-01-01

In the early 2000s, several post-communist countries launched reforms of university management and governance marked by the influence of a "modernization agenda" for higher education governance, which was promoted by the World Bank, the OECD and the European Commission. However, this "modernization agenda" was employed…

Governance Paradigms of Public Universities: An International Comparative Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christopher, Joe

2012-01-01

This study aims to develop a conceptual model of the wider influencing forces impacting the governance paradigms of public universities. It draws on the multi-theoretical governance concept and seeks to identify these forces through the lens of chief audit executives using a qualitative research approach. The interview data supported by published…

Doctoral Education and Government Funding in Higher Education Institutions: An Approach from Chile

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pedraja-Rejas, Liliana; Rodriguez-Ponce, Emilio; Araneda-Guirriman, Carmen

2016-01-01

This research reveals the importance that government funding and the quality of faculty have on the doctoral training of universities from the Council of Chilean Universities (CRUCH), thus exploring the existing relationship inside this formative process. The results and conclusions show that government funding has a direct impact on doctoral…

The New Institutional Governance of Italian State Universities: What Role for the New Governing Bodies?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donina, Davide; Meoli, Michele; Paleari, Stefano

2015-01-01

In 2010, a comprehensive reform required Italian state universities to restructure their institutional governance by revising their statutes. This interpretative paper aims to evaluate whether the Italian reform is congruent with its declarations, examine the variations in the implementation within the same country of a unitary national regulation…

The Corporate Basis of University and College Government: An Historical Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duryea, E. D.

Universities and colleges in this country, with few exceptions, have been established as either private or public corporations authorized by state governments. This document presents a review of the history of the corporate form in American higher education, intended as a contribution to understanding the nature of its government as a background…

Capability of the University of Missouri for Public Technology Service.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Babcock, Daniel L.; Eppelsheimer, Daniel S.

Public Technology has been defined as a technology "explicitly responsive to the policy goals and operational requirements of civil governments." The Council of State Governments found in a recent study that "state universities have a major potential to bring applied science to the service of state governments, and that this…

Governments and Universities as the Main Drivers of Enhanced Australian University Research Commercialisation Capability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harman, Grant; Harman, Kay

2004-01-01

In building capacity in research commercialisation and science-based entrepreneurship, Australia has adopted neither the Swedish top-down approach depending on government initiative, nor the American bottom-up approach depending on incentive systems related to university ownership of intellectual property and a highly competitive and…

Workshop on Scaling Effects in Composite Materials and Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jackson, Karen E. (Compiler)

1994-01-01

This document contains presentations and abstracts from the Workshop on Scaling Effects in Composite Materials and Structures jointly sponsored by NASA Langley Research Center, Virginia Tech, and the Institute for Mechanics and Materials at the University of California, San Diego, and held at NASA Langley on November 15-16, 1993. Workshop attendees represented NASA, other government research labs, the aircraft/rotorcraft industry, and academia. The workshop objectives were to assess the state-of-technology in scaling effects in composite materials and to provide guidelines for future research.

The Future Justification to Adopt Governance System at the Jordan Universities from the Perspective of Educational Experts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abu-Nair, Natheer Sihan

2015-01-01

The aim of the study was to reveal the future justification to adopt governance system at the Jordanian Universities from the perspective of educational experts. The study society was the academic staff in the field of education at Al-Balqa Applied University and Jordan University, at the first semester of the academic year 2013-2014. The study…

A Universal Design Approach to Government Service Delivery: The Case of ChileAtiende.

PubMed

Sandoval, Leonardo

2016-01-01

A common challenge for government administrations that aim to improve the delivery of information and services to citizens is to go beyond a government-centred approach. By focusing on citizens and the needs of a wide range of citizens, Universal Design (UD) can help to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction of government services. This paper examines the case of an internationally recognised Chilean government service delivery programme inspired by UD principles known as ChileAtiende ("ChileService"). A brief account of its creation and current status is provided.

Are some health professionals more cognizant of clinical governance development concepts than others? Findings from a New Zealand study.

PubMed

Gauld, Robin; Horsburgh, Simon

2016-06-01

Clinical governance has been promoted in recent years as core to improving patient safety. Effective clinical governance requires partnerships between 'management' and health professionals as well as equal involvement of all professional groups. Professionals must also be willing to engage in clinical governance activities such as working to improve care systems and patient safety. There is limited research into the relative understanding of core clinical governance concepts amongst different professional groups or the extent to which professionals are prepared to take up opportunities to 'change the system'. A 2012 national survey study of health professionals employed in New Zealand health boards sought to probe understanding of and commitment to clinical governance following introduction of a 2009 policy. Respondent data showed only limited policy implementation had occurred. Regression analyses revealed statistically significant differences in perceptions of knowledge of clinical governance concepts and structures by gender, age, experience and profession, as well as in seeking opportunities to change the system. These findings have implications for policy makers in terms of ensuring that clinical governance implementation provides equal opportunity for engendering involvement of different health professionals. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Faculty Governance at Evangelical Christian Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKnight, Cynthia M.; McIntire, David D.; Stude, Douglas P.

2007-01-01

An instrument was designed to assess the current state of faculty governance at those institutions of higher learning that are members of the Coalition of Christian Colleges and Universities (CCCU). The purpose was to arrive at a clearer understanding of the variety and range of governance systems that are currently in place among CCCU schools. In…

Effective Governing Boards: A Guide for Members of Governing Boards of Independent Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2011

2011-01-01

The long history of volunteerism in America has its roots in colonial religious and educational enterprises. From the beginning, colleges and universities have been independently governed rather than subject to national or state control. This autonomy is a uniquely American tradition. Over the centuries, the work of academic governing…

Changing Rules: A Review of Tempus Support to University Governance. A Tempus Study. Issue 01

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reilly, John; Jongsma, Ard

2010-01-01

The Tempus Programme, which funds cooperation in higher education between universities in EU Member States and a defined set of partner countries outside the European Union, is excellently positioned to support explorations into higher education governance in countries that want to draw on the developing EU experience in this field. Governance is…

University Governance, Leadership and Management in a Decade of Diversification and Uncertainty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shattock, Michael

2013-01-01

The last decade has seen an acceleration of change in the way British universities have been governed, led and managed. This has substantially been driven by the instability of the external environment, which has encouraged a greater centralisation of decision-making leading to less governance and more management, but it is also a consequence of…

The Rise of Student Trusteeship in the United States: A Case Study at Indiana University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lozano, Jon M.

2016-01-01

Colleges and universities across the United States have, over the centuries of their existence, gradually developed the systems of governance that we see today. Typically, this has taken the form of a governing board comprised of individuals with some connection to the institution. Although major restructuring of institutional governance may seem…

The Hurdles to Being World Class: Narrative Analysis of the World-Class University Project in Korea

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jang, Deok-Ho; Ryu, Kiung; Yi, Pilnam; Craig, Daniel A.

2016-01-01

This study examines the Korean Government's policy scheme of setting up the World-Class University (WCU) Project by investigating the perceptions of major actors, including WCU scholars and government officials. In-depth interviews were held with 18 WCU scholars and three government officials. Our findings suggest that the limits of the…

The Study of Government-University Relationship in Malaysian Higher Education System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahmad, Abd Rahman; Farley, Alan; Naidoo, Moonsamy

2012-01-01

Recently the Agency Theory is extensively used in the study of government-university relationship in higher education system. The theory expounds the main concept of information asymmetry and goal conflict in the relationship. In this paper these two concepts are used to explain efforts undertaken by the Malaysian Federal Government to improve the…

University Service-Learning Partnership with a Foreign Government: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guseh, James S.

2015-01-01

The purpose of this research is to assess the process of establishing, implementing, and evaluating an international service-learning (ISL) partnership between an American university and a foreign government. The partnership is between North Carolina Central University and the Civil Service Agency of Liberia. In order to facilitate an in-depth…

What if the Faculty Really Do Assume Responsibility for the Educational Program?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gaff, Jerry G.

2007-01-01

The governance of most colleges and universities is shared among the board of trustees, the administration, and the faculty. Most four-year institutions endorse the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) Statement on Government of Colleges and Universities (1966), which asserts that the faculty has "primary" authority over the…

Mission-Based Funding Compacts with Public Universities. Go8 Backgrounder 6

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Group of Eight (NJ1), 2008

2008-01-01

This Go8 Backgrounder explores the possible uses of compacts in government financing of university activities, examines their potential costs and benefits, and outlines principles for their design and implementation. The Government has committed to compacts as an element of its future funding arrangements with public universities but has not yet…

Financial Responsibilities of Governing Boards of Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 1979

1979-01-01

A reference manual on financial activities of a college or university and the interactive role of the governing board is presented for board members and institutional officers who provide information to the board. Financial data related to a fictitious hybrid university are included. After identifying three broad kinds of financial information…

Universities and Government in Post-War Japan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yamamoto, Shinichi

2004-01-01

Japan's higher education system, in which private universities and colleges play an important part, has embarked on far-reaching reform in the 1990s. Its main objective was to free the national (public) universities from tight control by the central government and to give them more autonomy. In light of dramatic demographic changes, especially a…

Assessing Competition on the Russian University Market Using a Modified Panzar-Rosse Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sergeeva, Vladlena Vladimirovna

2016-01-01

This paper reviews some government policy measures aimed at strengthening competition in the Russian university market and looks at the best international practices in this area. It analyzes the competitive behavior of universities under the current government policy on higher education and research and development and suggests an approach to…

The Changing Nature of Governance in the Public Research University: Untangling the Web of Faculty Roles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yudt, Angela Lynn

2013-01-01

Public research universities continue to be challenged on a number of fronts--declining state revenues, increasing enrollment, calls for accountability and transparency from the public, and increasing scrutiny by governing boards. In addition, the composition of faculty at public research universities is changing. Understanding the impact that…

Conflicts, Commitments, and Cliques in the University: Moral Seduction as a Threat to Trustee Independence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bastedo, Michael N.

2009-01-01

The ability of trustees to make independent judgments in the best interests of the university is a fundamental characteristic of an effective governing board. Trustee independence is increasingly threatened, however, as the university becomes more deeply embedded in government, industry, networks, and the professions. This topic is investigated…

Higher Education Governance and University Autonomy in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Li

2010-01-01

The primary aim of the paper is to examine the scope of university autonomy and extent of government control on higher education (HE) through mapping out the complexity of centralised decentralisation of HE. It consists of three major parts. University autonomy is critically analysed in the first section by examining regulative rules and opinions…

The importance of values in shaping how health systems governance and management can support universal health coverage.

PubMed

Fattore, Giovanni; Tediosi, Fabrizio

2013-01-01

In this article, we use cultural theory to investigate the nature of health systems governance and management, showing that it may be helpful in identifying key aspects of the debate about how to promote universal health coverage. Cultural theory argues that "how" we govern and manage health services depends on what we think about the nature of government organizations and the legitimacy of their scope of action. The values that are implied by universal health coverage underlie choices about "how" health systems are governed and their organizations are managed. We draw two main conclusions. First, the translation of principles and goals into practice requires exceptional efforts to design adequate decision-making arrangements (the essence of governance) and management practices. Management and governance, or "how" policies are decided and conducted, are not secondary to the selection of the best policy solutions (the "what"). Second, governance and management solutions are not independent of the values that they are expected to serve. Instead, they should be designed to be consonant with these values. Cultural theory suggests-and experience supports-the idea that "group identity" is favorable for shaping different forms of social life and public administrations. This approach should thus be a starting point for those who strive to obtain universal health coverage. Copyright © 2013 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

International institutions and China's health policy.

PubMed

Huang, Yanzhong

2015-02-01

This article examines the role of international institutional actors in China's health policy process. Particular attention is paid to three major international institutional actors: the World Bank, the World Health Organization, and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Through process tracing and comparative case studies, the article looks at how international institutions contribute to policy change in China and seeks to explain different outcomes in the relationship between international institutions and China's health policies. It finds that despite the opaque and exclusive authoritarian structure in China, international institutions play a significant role in the country's domestic health governance. By investing their resources and capabilities selectively and strategically, international institutions can change the preferences of government policy makers, move latent public health issues to the government's agenda, and affect the timing of government action and the content of policy design. Furthermore, the study suggests that different outcomes in the relationship between China's health policies and global health governance can be explained through the seriousness of the externalities China faces. Copyright © 2015 by Duke University Press.

Rationing of hospital services in the Australian health system.

PubMed

Kovac, M

1998-09-01

This article reports on the rationing in the Australian hospital sector and explains why it has been undertaken. It also briefly overviews the Australian health system in order to provide a necessary background for the issue of rationing itself. Rationing of hospital services has occurred because governments in Australia have limited hospital sector resources trying to ensure the containment of their health budgets. The resources available to hospitals have been insufficient to ensure that the supply of services meets the demand for such services. Therefore, in order to contain hospital budgets rationing has been required. Medicare, the universal health insurance system, assures that access to public hospital services is on the basis of clinical needs. However, due to the federal nature of government in Australia, the available services are determined by health system structural interrelationships and direct government regulation. For example, services provided in the community sector, and funded by the Commonwealth government, are prime candidates for being removed from the hospital sector by State/Territory governments. Similarly, expensive services with a wide range of usage are candidates for regulation to contain costs.

Life, the Universe, and Nothing: Life and Death in an Ever-expanding Universe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krauss, Lawrence M.; Starkman, Glenn D.

2000-03-01

Current evidence suggests that the cosmological constant is not zero, or that we live in an open universe. We examine the implications for the future under these assumptions, and find that they are striking. If the universe is cosmological constant-dominated, our ability to probe the evolution of large-scale structure will decrease with time; presently observable distant sources will disappear on a timescale comparable to the period of stellar burning. Moreover, while the universe might expand forever, the integrated conscious lifetime of any civilization will be finite, although it can be astronomically long. We argue that this latter result is farmore » more general. In the absence of possible exotic and uncertain strong gravitational effects, the total information recoverable by any civilization over the entire history of our universe is finite. Assuming that consciousness has a physical computational basis, and therefore is ultimately governed by quantum mechanics, life cannot be eternal. (c) 2000 The American Astronomical Society.« less

Moving toward universal coverage of health insurance in Vietnam: barriers, facilitating factors, and lessons from Korea.

PubMed

Do, Ngan; Oh, Juhwan; Lee, Jin-Seok

2014-07-01

Vietnam has pursued universal health insurance coverage for two decades but has yet to fully achieve this goal. This paper investigates the barriers to achieve universal coverage and examines the validity of facilitating factors to shorten the transitional period in Vietnam. A comparative study of facilitating factors toward universal coverage of Vietnam and Korea reveals significant internal forces for Vietnam to further develop the National Health Insurance Program. Korea in 1977 and Vietnam in 2009 have common characteristics to be favorable of achieving universal coverage with similarities of level of income, highly qualified administrative ability, tradition of solidarity, and strong political leadership although there are differences in distribution of population and structure of the economy. From a comparative perspective, Vietnam can consider the experience of Korea in implementing the mandatory enrollment approach, household unit of eligibility, design of contribution and benefit scheme, and resource allocation to health insurance for sustainable government subsidy to achieve and sustain the universal coverage of health insurance.

History, Structure and Agency in Global Health Governance Comment on "Global Health Governance Challenges 2016 - Are We Ready?"

PubMed

Gill, Stephen; Benatar, Solomon R

2016-08-29

Ilona Kickbusch's thought provoking editorial is criticized in this commentary, partly because she fails to refer to previous critical work on the global conditions and policies that sustain inequality, poverty, poor health and damage to the biosphere and, as a result, she misreads global power and elides consideration of the fundamental historical structures of political and material power that shape agency in global health governance. We also doubt that global health can be improved through structures and processes of multilateralism that are premised on the continued reproduction of the ecologically myopic and socially unsustainable market civilization model of capitalist development that currently prevails in the world economy. This model drives net financial flows from poor to rich countries and from the poor to the affluent and super wealthy individuals. By contrast, we suggest that significant progress in global health requires a profound and socially just restructuring of global power, greater global solidarity and the "development of sustainability." © 2017 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

E-government Facilities Analysis for Public Services in Higher Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Astawa, I. P. M.; Dewi, K. C.

2018-01-01

E-Government in higher education can be utilized in order to provide public services to stakeholders both internal and external. The research objectives is to analyze the e-government facilities for public services in higher education. The research began by reviewing the concept of public services and e-government, then continued by analysing e-government facilities based on the E-Government Maturity Level developed by Wirtz and Piehler. The research subject was the e-government website of three universities that ranked the top three of webometrics version (Indonesia country rank), while the research object was e-government facilities for public services. Data collection was done by observing e-government sites via online browsing. The research’s results indicated that all three e-government sites have met four e-government business model and provided e-government services in line with the fourth stage on the e-government development stage. It can concluded that the three universities have achieved e-government maturity at the fourth level.

Exploring the nature of governance at the level of implementation for health system strengthening: the DIALHS experience.

PubMed

Scott, Vera; Schaay, Nikki; Olckers, Patti; Nqana, Nomsa; Lehmann, Uta; Gilson, Lucy

2014-09-01

Health system governance has been recognized as a critical element of the health system strengthening agenda. To date, health governance research often focuses at national or global levels, adopting a macro-perspective that deals with governance structures, forms and principles. Little attention has been given to a micro-perspective which recognizes the role of health system actors in governance, or to considering the operational level of the health system. This article presents a South African case study of an intervention to address conflict in roles and responsibilities between multiple actors supporting service delivery at the local level, and explores the broader insights this experience generates about the nature of local health system governance. In an embedded case study, action learning and reflection theory were used to design and implement the intervention. Data in this article were drawn from minutes, observations and recorded reflections of the meetings and workshops that comprised the intervention. A theoretical governance framework was used both to understand the context of the intervention and to analyse the dimensions of governance relevant in the experience. The study shows how, through action learning and reflection, local managers in two organizations came to understand how the higher level misalignment of organizational structures and processes imposed governance constraints on them, and to see the impact this had on their organizational relationships. By re-framing the conflict as organizational, they were then able to create opportunities for staff to understand their context and participate in negotiating principles for communication and collaborative work. The result reduced conflict between staff in the two organizations, leading to improved implementation of programme support. Strengthening relationships among those working at local level by building collaborative norms and values is an important part of local health system governance for improved service delivery by multiple actors. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2014; all rights reserved.

Higher Education's New Global Order: How and Why Governments Are Creating Structured Opportunity Markets. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.10.09

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Douglass, John Aubrey

2009-01-01

In the United States, developing "human capital" for both economic and social benefit is an idea as old as the nation itself and led to the emergence of world's first mass higher education system. Now most other nations are racing to expand access to universities and colleges and to expand their role in society. Higher education is…

The Added Dimension. State and Land-Grant Universities Serving State and Local Government.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Phillips, Ione

Responses to a survey of university public service programs of benefit to state and local governments were received from 70 individual campuses, and one systemwide office, representing 79 of the 133 NASULGC member institutions and 41 of the 50 states. The survey asked for (1) information on institutes of government and on technical service units…

Valuing the Benefits of the Education Provided by Public Universities: A Case Study of Minnesota

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Damon, Amy; Glewwe, Paul

2011-01-01

This study estimates the value of the private and public benefits that accrue to Minnesota residents from state government subsidies to higher education. In 2005, the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system received $832 million from Minnesota's state government to support educational programs. These…

Le Federalisme Canadien et les Subventions aux Universites Quebecoises. (The Intervention of the Canadian Government in Quebec Universities.)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bellavance, Michel

1980-01-01

The intervention of the Canadian government in financing Quebec universities has followed various paths through individual or institutional direct or indirect grants, operating or investment grants, and fiscal transfers. The historical evolution of federal grants to Quebec universities is described by singling out four periods. In French.…

Social Donation and University Development: A Comparative Analysis between China's and America's Endowment for Public Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gong-li, Luo; Xuan-liang, Yang; Huai-zu, Li

2006-01-01

Social donation is a means for individuals, government organizations, and non-government organizations (NGOs) to provide public products and services for society. Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the university. This paper probes into the relationship between social donation and university development by comparing social…

University-Industry Spillovers, Government Funding, and Industrial Consulting. NBER Working Paper No. 15732

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jensen, Richard; Thursby, Jerry; Thursby, Marie C.

2010-01-01

This paper presents a theoretical model of faculty consulting in the context of government and industry funding for research within the university, which then frames an empirical analysis of the funding and consulting of 458 individual faculty inventors from 8 major US universities. In the theory, firms realize that they free ride on government…

Present but Not Counted: The Tenuous Position of Academic Board Chairs within Contemporary University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowlands, Julie

2015-01-01

This article draws on multiple case study research of Australian academic governance to examine the role and place of chairpersons of university academic boards (also known as academic senates or faculty senates) within university executive leadership committees. A Bourdieusian analysis of the data suggests that while within the broader university…

Higher Education Reform in Portugal: A Historical and Comparative Perspective of the New Legal Framework for Public Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amaral, Alberto; Tavares, Orlanda; Santos, Cristina

2013-01-01

The 1988 University Autonomy Act conferred Portuguese universities with a considerable degree of autonomy and designed a governance system based on collegiality. Strong participation of academic and non-academic staffs and students in decisions became the rule and democratic elections of all individual or collective governance bodies were the…

Transnational Governance of Higher Education: On Globalization and International University Ranking Lists

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lindblad, Sverker; Lindblad, Rita Foss

2009-01-01

This paper is about globalization in higher education and how "globalism" is playing a role in stimulating university transformation around the world. The authors' specific focus is on international university ranking lists. Such lists are being given increasingly more space and attention in the mass media and by governments as well as by…

The Balance between Teaching and Research in Dutch and English Universities in the Context of University Governance Reforms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leisyte, Liudvika; Enders, Jurgen; de Boer, Harry

2009-01-01

The expectations and demands with respect to teaching and research have been changing for universities due to changes in their institutional environments. Born out of changing national research policies and modern governance arrangements, efficiency, effectiveness and output-oriented cultures have become increasingly important. In this article we…

Role and Responsibility of Board of Governors [BOG] in Ensuring Educational Quality in Colleges & Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Naik, B. M.

2012-01-01

The paper presents in brief the need and importance of effective, imaginative and responsible governing boards in colleges and universities, so as to ensure educational quality. BOG should engage fruitfully with the principal and activities in college/ university. UGC, AICTE have now prescribed creation of effective boards for both government and…

Governing Academic Medical Center Systems: Evaluating and Choosing Among Alternative Governance Approaches.

PubMed

Chari, Ramya; O'Hanlon, Claire; Chen, Peggy; Leuschner, Kristin; Nelson, Christopher

2018-02-01

The ability of academic medical centers (AMCs) to fulfill their triple mission of patient care, medical education, and research is increasingly being threatened by rising financial pressures and resource constraints. Many AMCs are, therefore, looking to expand into academic medical systems, increasing their scale through consolidation or affiliation with other health care systems. As clinical operations grow, though, the need for effective governance becomes even more critical to ensure that the business of patient care does not compromise the rest of the triple mission. Multi-AMC systems, a model in which multiple AMCs are governed by a single body, pose a particular challenge in balancing unity with the needs of component AMCs, and therefore offer lessons for designing AMC governance approaches. This article describes the development and application of a set of criteria to evaluate governance options for one multi-AMC system-the University of California (UC) and its five AMCs. Based on a literature review and key informant interviews, the authors identified criteria for evaluating governance approaches (structures and processes), assessed current governance approaches using the criteria, identified alternative governance options, and assessed each option using the identified criteria. The assessment aided UC in streamlining governance operations to enhance their ability to respond efficiently to change and to act collectively. Although designed for UC and a multi-AMC model, the criteria may provide a systematic way for any AMC to assess the strengths and weaknesses of its governance approaches.

Accessing Queensland's soil information - an open data revolution!

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bryant, Kelly; O'Brien, Lauren; Brough, Daniel

2015-07-01

The Queensland government is the custodian of soil and land resource information with an estimated value of 75 million. The Soil and Land Information (SALI) system houses this data from over 600 distinct studies with some 96,000 soil observations dating back to the 1940s. This data is now not only used by government but by universities, councils, landowners, consultants and schools. Providing this information to the public in an easy and accessible way, with a focus towards online delivery is crucial. Previous issues with distribution of online soils information in Queensland have stemmed not only from limits to technology but also, changing departmental structures and multiple websites. The department which manages soils information in Queensland has undergone nine name changes in the last 12 years due to Machinery of Government (MoG) restructures. This constantly changing web presence and branding is as confusing for people sourcing soils information as it is for those providing it. The Queensland government has now moved to a whole of government online environment. This is a single website with no reference to the convoluted structures within government or department names. The aim is to prevent impacts from future MoG changes on the provision of data and information to the public. Queensland government soils now has a single dedicated website (qld.gov.au/environment/land/soil) which has allowed us to start to build a repository for soils information and is a single portal for people to access soils data. It has been demonstrated that this consistent approach to websites improves trust and confidence of users [1] and from this, confidence in using Queensland soils information and data and ultimately better land management decisions.

[Twisting and turning; the development of the Dutch science shops].

PubMed

Lursen, M; Mulder, H; Lieshout, M

2000-01-01

The concept of science shops (Wetenschapswinkels) originates from the Netherlands. Science shops were based on the idea that universities had to play a more prominent role in the solution of social problems - an outcome of the discussion, initiated by students, on the democratisation of universities in the early 1970s. Starting as voluntary student organisations supported by individual staff members from the universities, they were devoted to give oppressed minority groups and the financially weak access to scientific research. Slowly, acknowledgement came. Science shops began to receive financial support from university boards. Support also came from the Dutch government. By now science shops have professionalized and most of them are well embedded in their universities. Many developments within society and the universities influenced the work and structure of the science shops. Positive developments were professionalization, growth, becoming embedded, and the introduction of new research themes. There were also negative developments, such as budget cuts and the fact that 'service to society' ceased to be a government objective for the universities. These led to recurring struggles for survival, which were not always won. Interest in the science shop concept has grown in other countries over the last years. In the 1980s, the system spread within Western Europe. Similar activities, based on the Dutch model, have started in North America and Eastern Europe in the 1990s. The activities on the international level led to an E.U. financial project to prepare an international network of science shops, which commenced in 1999. With information exchange and international cooperation as its major goals, the network will create new opportunties for the future.

Governance Must Dive Into Organizations to Make a Real Difference Comment on "Governance, Government, and the Search for New Provider Models".

PubMed

Denis, Jean-Louis; Usher, Susan

2016-07-03

In their 2016 article, Saltman and Duran provide a thoughtful examination of the governance challenges involved in different care delivery models adopted in primary care and hospitals in two European countries. This commentary examines the limited potential of structural changes to achieve real reform and considers that, unless governance arrangements actually succeed in penetrating organizations, they are unlikely to improve care. It proposes three sets of levers influenced by governance that have potential to influence what happens at the point of care: harnessing the autonomy and expertise of professionals at a collective level to work towards better safety and quality; creating enabling contexts for cross-fertilization of clinical and organizational expertise, notably through teamwork; and patient and public engagement to achieve greater agreement on improvement priorities and overcome provider/manager tensions. Good governance provides guidance at a distance but also goes deep enough to influence clinical habits. © 2017 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Industry-university cooperation/research

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Whitten, Raymond P.

1991-01-01

The paper concentrates on the commercial development of space programs through cooperative research with the U.S. universities and industry. The origins of the programs are discussed, beginning with the Communication Satellite Act of 1963. The National Space Policy is outlined, and the creation of NASA's Office of Commercial Programs is emphasized, along with its Centers for the Commercial Development of Space. It is noted that the centers are consortia of university, industry, and government involved in commercial-space-technology database development and research and testing of potentially valuable products and services. The center titles, locations, and brief descriptions for such area of research as remote sensing, life sciences, materials processing, space power, space propulsion, materials and space structures, and automation and robotics centers are listed, along with some results of the programs.

76 FR 12315 - Committees on Collaborative Governance, Regulation, Rulemaking, Judicial Review, and Adjudication

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-07

... Governance will meet to consider a report by Professor James T. O'Reilly of the University of Cincinnati... comments. The consultant for this study is Professor Steven J. Balla of The George Washington University...

Modification of DeLon and Mclean Model in the Success of Information System for Good University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tajuddin, Muhammad

2015-01-01

Information System (IS) is a requirement for private colleges in improving their governance to reach Good University Governance (GUG). From 2006 to 2008 information technology (IT) assistance had been granted to 1,072 private colleges and continued by grant development program. Considering such a big IT grant, there is a need to study the IT grant…

AGB-UVA Symposium on Research and Scholarship on Higher Education [Governance, Trusteeship and the Academic Presidency] (Charlottesville, VA, December 5-6, 1999). Occasional Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pusser, Brian

2000-01-01

This paper summarizes the proceedings of the 1999 Symposium on Research and Scholarship on Higher Education Governance, Trusteeship, and the Academic Presidency sponsored by the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges and the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia. The symposium addressed the state of research…

Governance in the Public Interest: A Case Study of the University of North Carolina System

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmiero, Phyllis

2005-01-01

At a time of widespread concerns about quality, cost and accountability in higher education, the importance of the lay governing board has never been greater. Lay governance is the means by which the perspective of informed citizens is brought to the heart of the university. And, in the best of all worlds, it provides a vehicle for thoughtful…

A Tale of Two ObesCities: The Role of Municipal Governance in Reducing Childhood Obesity in New York City and London

PubMed Central

Libman, Kimberly; O’Keefe, Eileen

2010-01-01

As rates of childhood obesity and overweight rise around the world, researchers and policy makers seek new ways to reverse these trends. Given the concentration of the world’s population, income inequalities, unhealthy diets, and patterns of physical activity in cities, urban areas bear a disproportionate burden of obesity. To address these issues, in 2008, researchers from the City University of New York and London Metropolitan University created the Municipal Responses to Childhood Obesity Collaborative. The Collaborative examined three questions: What role has city government played in responding to childhood obesity in each jurisdiction? How have municipal governance structures in each city influenced its capacity to respond effectively? How can policy and programmatic interventions to reduce childhood obesity also reduce the growing socioeconomic and racial/ethnic inequities in its prevalence? Based on a review of existing initiatives in London and New York City, the Collaborative recommended 11 broad strategies by which each city could reduce childhood obesity. These recommendations were selected because they can be enacted at the municipal level; will reduce socioeconomic and racial/ethnic inequalities in obesity; are either well supported by research or are already being implemented in one city, demonstrating their feasibility; build on existing city assets; and are both green and healthy. PMID:20811951

Senior managers' viewpoints toward challenges of implementing clinical governance: a national study in iran.

PubMed

Ravaghi, Hamid; Heidarpour, Peigham; Mohseni, Maryam; Rafiei, Sima

2013-11-01

Quality improvement should be assigned as the main mission for healthcare providers. Clinical Governance (CG) is used not only as a strategy focusing on responding to public and government's intolerance of poor healthcare standards, but also it is implemented for quality improvement in a number of countries. This study aims to identify the key contributing factors in the implementation process of CG from the viewpoints of senior managers in curative deputies of Medical Universities in Iran. A quantitative method was applied via a questionnaire distributed to 43 senior managers in curative deputies of Iran Universities of Medical Sciences. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Analysis revealed that a number of items were important in the successful implementation of CG from the senior managers' viewpoints. These items included: knowledge and attitude toward CG, supportive culture, effective communication, teamwork, organizational commitment, and the support given by top managers. Medical staff engagement in CG implementation process, presence of an official position for CG officers, adequate resources, and legal challenges were also regarded as important factors in the implementation process. Knowledge about CG, organizational culture, managerial support, ability to communicate goals and strategies, and the presence of effective structures to support CG, were all related to senior managers' attitude toward CG and ultimately affected the success of quality improvement activities.

The Adoption of Internal Audit as a Governance Control Mechanism in Australian Public Universities--Views from the CEOs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Christopher, Joe

2012-01-01

This study draws on the multi-theoretical approach to governance and the views of university chief executive officers (CEOs) to examine the extent to which internal auditing as a control mechanism is adopted in Australian public universities under an environment of change management. The findings highlight negative consequences of change and their…

Managing the Recurrent Cost of University Education in Nigeria: A Case of Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oni, Abimbola Oluranti

2013-01-01

The education sector especially higher education in Nigeria faces financial challenges. The recurrent cost of university education constitutes about 95% of the total cost incurred by the government in Nigeria. However, the Nigerian government is unable to meet the UNESCO recommendation that 26% of national budgets should be allocated to education.…

A Reflection on the Effects of the 985 Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ying, Cheng

2011-01-01

China's 985 Project, which came after the 211 Project, is a key program of the Chinese government to create world-class universities and high-level research universities. The central government invested a total of RMB32.9 billion in special funds for phase I (1999-2001) and phase II (2004-2007) of the project, assisting thirty-nine universities.…

A European Perspective on New Modes of University Governance and Actorhood. Research & Occasional Paper Series: CSHE.17.11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krucken, Georg

2011-01-01

Higher education systems in Europe are currently undergoing profound transformations. At the macro-level, there is an increase in the number of students enrolled, subjects of study offered, and university missions that have gained legitimacy over time. At the second level changes are evident at the level of university governance. New Public…

A Wake-Up Call: Enterprise Risk Management at Colleges and Universities Today

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2014

2014-01-01

After five years of change and upheaval, why is it that governing boards of colleges and universities continue to consider risk on a largely ad hoc basis? The findings from this recent survey, conducted by the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges (AGB) and United Educators (UE), indicate a modest increase in the use of risk…

Education in a rapidly advancing technology: Accelerators and beams

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Month, Mel

2000-06-01

The field of accelerators and beams (A&B) is one of today's fast changing technologies. Because university faculties have not been able to keep pace with the associated advancing knowledge, universities have not been able to play their traditional role of educating the scientists and engineers needed to sustain this technology for use in science, industry, commerce, and defense. This problem for A&B is described and addressed. The solution proposed, a type of "distance" education, is the U.S. Particle Accelerator School (USPAS) created in the early 1980s. USPAS provides the universities with a means of serving the education needs of the institutions using A&B, primarily but not exclusively the national laboratories. The field of A&B is briefly summarized. The need for education outside the university framework, the raison d'être for USPAS, the USPAS method, program structure, and curriculum, and particular USPAS-university connections are explained. The management of USPAS is analyzed, including its unique administrative structure, its institutional ties, and its operations, finance, marketing, and governmental relations. USPAS performance over the years is documented and a business assessment is made. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the future potential for this type of educational program, including possible extrapolation to new areas and/or different environments, in particular, its extra-government potential and its international possibilities.

AIAA/AFOSR Workshop on Microgravity Simulation in Ground Validation Testing of Large Space Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-10-15

Hyatt Regency Hotel in Denver, Colorado. Invited participants from the Government, universities and private industry offered state-of-the-art...N1AME O MONITORiNG QROR IZATIVN Engineering Mechanics W (W/tb) Air Force Office of Associates, Inc. Scientific Research ISe. ADCRESS (Ctry. Swot &Ad...AFOSR, is also appreciated. Ms. Ellen Marzulio, Meeting Coordinator for the AIAA, handled the pre-workshop publicity and hotel arrangements, as well as

Alternative Governance Structures in Megacities: Threats or Opportunities

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-11-01

Intelligence Stud- ies and Data Informatics at Mercyhurst University as well as a graduate of that program. She teaches intelli- gence communication...States imported $11.6 billion in oil in 2013;35 and Karachi, Pakistan, due to its location at the crossroad of India and China and its state’s con...offer sustainable long-term solu- tions to Karachi’s violent politics. 38 Lagos, Nigeria. Although the United States imports 70 percent less oil

A History of Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analyses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, Wayne

2013-01-01

A history of the development of rotorcraft comprehensive analyses is presented. Comprehensive analyses are digital computer programs that calculate the aeromechanical behavior of the rotor and aircraft, bringing together the most advanced models of the geometry, structure, dynamics, and aerodynamics available in rotary wing technology. The development of the major codes of the last five decades from industry, government, and universities is described. A number of common themes observed in this history are discussed.

Education of Students

Science.gov Websites

Operations Technology Exchange Initiating Partnerships University Partners Government Partners Industry Partnerships University Partners Government Partners Industry Partners Part of the Automotive Research Center's that are relevant to both the Army and industry. We create research opportunities for Ph.D. and M.S

Who Decides What?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rao, Michael

2007-01-01

Successful shared governance often means that trustees and administrators take an interest in and demonstrate an understanding of what professors do in their disciplines, while faculty members show an understanding and respect for the responsibilities held by the university's leaders. At some colleges and universities, shared governance processes…

45 CFR 1388.4 - Program criteria-governance and administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION ON DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES, DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES PROGRAM THE UNIVERSITY AFFILIATED PROGRAMS § 1388.4 Program criteria—governance and... integral part of, a university and promote the independence, productivity, integration, and inclusion of...

Serie Legislacion Educativa Argentina, 1: Leyes Universitarias (Series on Educational Legislation of Argentian, 1: Laws Governing Universities).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ministerio de Cultura y Educacion, Buenos Aires (Argentina). Centro National de Documentacion e Informacion Educativa.

This document contains the laws governing national, private, and state universities in Argentina. The texts of the laws for each sector are contained, covering objectives, general administration, academic organization, students, and finances. (VM)

Analysis of health promotion and prevention financing mechanisms in Thailand.

PubMed

Watabe, Akihito; Wongwatanakul, Weranuch; Thamarangsi, Thaksaphon; Prakongsai, Phusit; Yuasa, Motoyuki

2017-08-01

In the transition to the post-2015 agenda, many countries are striving towards universal health coverage (UHC). Achieving this, governments need to shift from curative care to promotion and prevention services. This research analyses Thailand's financing system for health promotion and prevention, and assesses policy options for health financing reforms. The study employed a mixed-methods approach and integrates multiple sources of evidence, including scientific and grey literature, expenditure data, and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in Thailand. The analysis was underpinned by the use of a well-known health financing framework. In Thailand, three agencies plus local governments share major funding roles for health promotion and prevention services: the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), the National Health Security Office, the Thai Health Promotion Foundation and Tambon Health Insurance Funds. The total expenditure on prevention and public health in 2010 was 10.8% of the total health expenditure, greater than many middle-income countries that average 7.0-9.2%. MOPH was the largest contributor at 32.9%, the Universal Coverage scheme was the second at 23.1%, followed by the local governments and ThaiHealth at 22.8 and 7.3%, respectively. Thailand's health financing system for promotion and prevention is strategic and innovative due to the three complementary mechanisms in operation. There are several methodological limitations to determine the adequate level of spending. The health financing reforms in Thailand could usefully inform policymakers on ways to increase spending on promotion and prevention. Further comparative policy research is needed to generate evidence to support efforts towards UHC. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press.

Resolving the structure of the Galactic foreground using Herschel measurements and the Kriging technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinter, S.; Bagoly, Z.; Balázs, L. G.; Horvath, I.; Racz, I. I.; Zahorecz, S.; Tóth, L. V.

2018-05-01

Investigating the distant extragalactic Universe requires a subtraction of the Galactic foreground. One of the major difficulties deriving the fine structure of the galactic foreground is the embedded foreground and background point sources appearing in the given fields. It is especially so in the infrared. We report our study subtracting point sources from Herschel images with Kriging, an interpolation method where the interpolated values are modelled by a Gaussian process governed by prior covariances. Using the Kriging method on Herschel multi-wavelength observations the structure of the Galactic foreground can be studied with much higher resolution than previously, leading to a better foreground subtraction at the end.

Tax-exempt bonds and sponsored research.

PubMed

Ballard, Frederic L

2003-01-01

"Sponsored research," wherein a business corporation or the government pays a portion of the cost of research activities carried out by a university or hospital, is increasingly important both for state institutions and for Section 510(c)(3) organizations. Sponsored research arrangements that are not properly structured can jeopardize the status of tax-exempt bonds issued to finance the facility at which the sponsored research occurs. While these rules have been difficult to apply in practice, properly structured agreements can provide funding for research without undue risk. This Article discusses the multiple pieces of guidance put forth by the Internal Revenue Service to clarify the many issues and tiers of analysis necessary to ensure a properly-structured sponsored research agreement.

Federal Government Funding of Research in Universities in Nigeria, the University of Benin as a Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Osagie, Roseline O.

2012-01-01

It is increasingly evident that research is extremely critical and important if universities are to serve as engines of development in their areas of locations. For a knowledge-driven world, investment in research and development (R&D) is a sine qua non for a nation. Few studies have examined the federal government's investment in research in…

Governance Review without Tears

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Lynn K.; Page, Deborah L.

2006-01-01

The faculty at the Raymond Walters College of the University of Cincinnati recently conceived, developed, and implemented a complete governance review that the faculty approved unanimously. Raymond Walters College is one of the sixteen colleges of the University of Cincinnati which offers transfer programs, associate degrees, and technical…

Evaluation of optional fee structures for solid waste management in China.

PubMed

Wu, Yun-Ga; Chu, Zhu-Jie; Zhuang, Jun

2018-06-01

A municipal solid waste fee has become an important means for the implementation of the waste management rendered by the government all around the world. Based on the ecological environmental compensation theory, this article constructs an analytical framework of waste charging from the perspective of public policy evaluation, to carry on the comprehensive comparison and analysis to the operability, feasibility, validity, rationality, and universality of the two modes of waste charging: Ration charge and unit-pricing modes. The results indicate that in the cities with large amounts of waste production, long time of waste charging, and high disposal rate, pilot projects should be carried out; and the government needs to improve the construction of associated laws and regulations.

Experiential Learning for Native American Students at Tribal Colleges and Universities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sauve, M. L.; Moore, K.

2003-12-01

In reaffirming its commitment to Indian tribes and Alaska Native entities, the Federal Government issued Executive Order 13270 of July 3, 2002, stating the policy that " this Nation's commitment to education excellence and opportunity must extend as well to the tribal colleges and universities." Further, the Federal Government has called on the private sector to contribute to these colleges' educational and cultural mission. American University, through its American Indian Internship Program, has responded to this call. American University, a private liberal arts institution of higher education in the Nation's capital, has long ago recognized the importance of experiential learning in undergraduate education. For over 50 years, its Washington Semester Program brings students from other universities around the country and the world to American University's campus and to Washington, D.C. for a unique academic experience. The Washington Semester Program combines academic seminars in various fields of concentration with internship work in government agencies, congressional offices, non-profit organizations, foundations and research institutions in the Nation's capital. Students in this Program get to meet the Nation's leaders, experts in the field, and notable newsmakers while incorporating their academic skills and courses in practice at their internship assignments. The American Indian Internship Program (also knows as Washington Internship for Native Students-WINS) is one of the programs in Washington Semester. This program is designed to give American Indian students the chance to study issues of interest to the Native community and to gain valuable work experience through an internship in the Nation's capital. All costs to attend the program are paid by the internship sponsors and American University, including transportation between the students' home and Washington, DC, tuition and program fees for 6 credit hours in the summer and 12 credit hours in fall/spring semester, books for all courses, housing for the duration of the program, travel to/from internship sites, and a weekly stipend to cover meals and personal expenses. As with all the other Washington Semester Programs, the American Indian Internship Program/WINS provides a unique opportunity for the young people of sovereign Native American nations to build leadership skills while living, studying, and interning in Washington, DC., and to bring those skills back to their communities. While this challenging experience is open to all American Indian and Alaskan Native students, it is particularly valuable to students from tribal colleges and universities. The Washington experience serves to expand the tribal college students' understanding of the government's policies towards Indian Nations, the structure of government agencies and their functions, and their impact on tribal communities. Students meet Natives from other tribes and schools from across the country in a very diverse campus community. Our students have a 95 percent completion rate and nearly 10 percent return to do another session, One of the most significant effects of this Program is to reinforce students commitment to completing their undergraduate education. In addition, once students have been exposed to the professional and academic environment offered at the WINS Program and at internship sites, many students have been inspired to also pursue a graduate or professional degree.

Universal Health Coverage - The Critical Importance of Global Solidarity and Good Governance Comment on "Ethical Perspective: Five Unacceptable Trade-offs on the Path to Universal Health Coverage".

PubMed

Reis, Andreas A

2016-06-07

This article provides a commentary to Ole Norheim' s editorial entitled "Ethical perspective: Five unacceptable trade-offs on the path to universal health coverage." It reinforces its message that an inclusive, participatory process is essential for ethical decision-making and underlines the crucial importance of good governance in setting fair priorities in healthcare. Solidarity on both national and international levels is needed to make progress towards the goal of universal health coverage (UHC). © 2016 by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

Governing Tomorrow's Campus. Perspectives and Agendas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schuster, Jack H.; And Others

A collection of original essays about who will and should share in governing colleges and universities is presented. Five parts contain 15 chapters as follows: (1) The Context of Contemporary Campus Governance: "Academic Governance: An Evolutionary Perspective," (W. Metzger); (2) New Perspectives on Campus Governance: "Leadership and Followership:…

Challenges for Academic Accreditation: The UK Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shearman, Richard; Seddon, Deborah

2010-01-01

Several factors (government policy, demographic trends, employer pressure) are leading to new forms of degree programmes in UK universities. The government is strongly encouraging engagement between universities and employers. Work-based learning is increasingly found in first and second cycle programmes, along with modules designed by employers…

University of Southern California Faculty Handbook, 1974-75.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

University of Southern California, Los Angeles.

This faculty handbook, prepared for the 1974-75 session, is organized into four main sections: government of the university; policies and practices; student relations; and services and facilities. The information on government deals with administrative personnel, committees, and general organization. Policies and practices are outlined with regard…

Influencing policy change: the experience of health think tanks in low- and middle-income countries

PubMed Central

Bennett, Sara; Corluka, Adrijana; Doherty, Jane; Tangcharoensathien, Viroj; Patcharanarumol, Walaiporn; Jesani, Amar; Kyabaggu, Joseph; Namaganda, Grace; Hussain, A M Zakir; de-Graft Aikins, Ama

2012-01-01

In recent years there has been a growth in the number of independent health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries which has occurred in response to the limitation of government analytical capacity and pressures associated with democratization. This study aimed to: (i) investigate the contribution made by health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries to health policy agenda setting, formulation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation; and (ii) assess which factors, including organizational form and structure, support the role of health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries in terms of positively contributing to health policy. Six case studies of health policy analysis institutes in Bangladesh, Ghana, India, South Africa, Uganda and Vietnam were conducted including two NGOs, two university and two government-owned policy analysis institutes. Case studies drew on document review, analysis of financial information, semi-structured interviews with staff and other stakeholders, and iterative feedback of draft findings. Some of the institutes had made major contributions to policy development in their respective countries. All of the institutes were actively engaged in providing policy advice and most undertook policy-relevant research. Relatively few were engaged in conducting policy dialogues, or systematic reviews, or commissioning research. Much of the work undertaken by institutes was driven by requests from government or donors, and the primary outputs for most institutes were research reports, frequently combined with verbal briefings. Several factors were critical in supporting effective policy engagement. These included a supportive policy environment, some degree of independence in governance and financing, and strong links to policy makers that facilitate trust and influence. While the formal relationship of the institute to government was not found to be critical, units within government faced considerable difficulties. PMID:21558320

Influencing policy change: the experience of health think tanks in low- and middle-income countries.

PubMed

Bennett, Sara; Corluka, Adrijana; Doherty, Jane; Tangcharoensathien, Viroj; Patcharanarumol, Walaiporn; Jesani, Amar; Kyabaggu, Joseph; Namaganda, Grace; Hussain, A M Zakir; de-Graft Aikins, Ama

2012-05-01

In recent years there has been a growth in the number of independent health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries which has occurred in response to the limitation of government analytical capacity and pressures associated with democratization. This study aimed to: (i) investigate the contribution made by health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries to health policy agenda setting, formulation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation; and (ii) assess which factors, including organizational form and structure, support the role of health policy analysis institutes in low- and middle-income countries in terms of positively contributing to health policy. Six case studies of health policy analysis institutes in Bangladesh, Ghana, India, South Africa, Uganda and Vietnam were conducted including two NGOs, two university and two government-owned policy analysis institutes. Case studies drew on document review, analysis of financial information, semi-structured interviews with staff and other stakeholders, and iterative feedback of draft findings. Some of the institutes had made major contributions to policy development in their respective countries. All of the institutes were actively engaged in providing policy advice and most undertook policy-relevant research. Relatively few were engaged in conducting policy dialogues, or systematic reviews, or commissioning research. Much of the work undertaken by institutes was driven by requests from government or donors, and the primary outputs for most institutes were research reports, frequently combined with verbal briefings. Several factors were critical in supporting effective policy engagement. These included a supportive policy environment, some degree of independence in governance and financing, and strong links to policy makers that facilitate trust and influence. While the formal relationship of the institute to government was not found to be critical, units within government faced considerable difficulties.

Feasibility of using building deconstruction at Wisconsin’s Badger Army Ammunition Plant : salvaging lumber for reuse in low-income home construction

Treesearch

Robert H. Falk

2005-01-01

The buildings at the Badger Army Ammunition Plant (BAAP) were built in the early years of World War II wholly or partially from wood. The standing timber in these and other military structures is some of the last remaining of our Nation’s once vast old-growth forests. A collaborative effort of government, university, military, and community groups was organized to...

Governance and Trust in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vidovich, Lesley; Currie, Jan

2011-01-01

The adoption of more corporate models of governance is a contemporary trend in higher education. In the early 2000s, the Australian Government legislated national governance protocols for universities, using the policy lever of financial sanctions. These more corporate-style governance protocols followed similar changes in the UK, consistent with…

Algebraic cycles and local anomalies in F-theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bies, Martin; Mayrhofer, Christoph; Weigand, Timo

2017-11-01

We introduce a set of identities in the cohomology ring of elliptic fibrations which are equivalent to the cancellation of gauge and mixed gauge-gravitational anomalies in F-theory compactifications to four and six dimensions. The identities consist in (co)homological relations between complex codimension-two cycles. The same set of relations, once evaluated on elliptic Calabi-Yau three-folds and four-folds, is shown to universally govern the structure of anomalies and their Green-Schwarz cancellation in six- and four-dimensional F-theory vacua, respectively. We furthermore conjecture that these relations hold not only within the cohomology ring, but even at the level of the Chow ring, i.e. as relations among codimension-two cycles modulo rational equivalence. We verify this conjecture in non-trivial examples with Abelian and non-Abelian gauge groups factors. Apart from governing the structure of local anomalies, the identities in the Chow ring relate different types of gauge backgrounds on elliptically fibred Calabi-Yau four-folds.

From universal health insurance to universal healthcare? The shifting health policy landscape in Ireland since the economic crisis.

PubMed

Burke, Sara Ann; Normand, Charles; Barry, Sarah; Thomas, Steve

2016-03-01

Ireland experienced one of the most severe economic crises of any OECD country. In 2011, a new government came to power amidst unprecedented health budget cuts. Despite a retrenchment in the ability of health resources to meet growing need, the government promised a universal, single-tiered health system, with access based solely on medical need. Key to this was introducing universal free GP care by 2015 and Universal Health Insurance from 2016 onwards. Delays in delivering universal access and a new health minister in 2014 resulted in a shift in language from 'universal health insurance' to 'universal healthcare'. During 2014 and 2015, there was an absence of clarity on what government meant by universal healthcare and divergence in policy measures from their initial intent of universalism. Despite the rhetoric of universal healthcare, years of austerity resulted in poorer access to essential healthcare and little extension of population coverage. The Irish health system is at a critical juncture in 2015, veering between a potential path to universal healthcare and a system, overwhelmed by years of austerity, which maintains the status quo. This papers assesses the gap between policy intent and practice and the difficulties in implementing major health system reform especially while emerging from an economic crisis. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Governance Reforms and Organizational Dilemmas in European Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Capano, Giliberto; Regini, Marino

2014-01-01

The aim of this article is to examine how European universities, confronted with national reforms of their governance, have tried to resolve the dilemmas traditionally associated with internal reorganization, the redistribution of power, and the reformulation of teaching and research policies. The article does not focus on the central governance…

Internationalizing Higher Education in Thailand: Government and University Responses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lavankura, Pad

2013-01-01

Each country responds to internationalization differently and offers various interpretations of the concept. Thailand has incorporated the internationalization of higher education into its plans since 1990. This article aims to discuss the primary motivations of the government and of Thai universities in moving toward the goal of…

The Dynamics of University/City Government Relationships: It's Personal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curry, Joanne E.

2016-01-01

The rich potential of university/city government relationships is often overwhelmed by day-to-day conflicts over everything from planning and land use to transportation and noise. Such disputes--even a single, unresolved incident--can create an enduring narrative of antagonism that undermines the relationship ongoing. Leveraging recent doctoral…

Governance in Spanish Universities: Changing Paradigms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ion, Georgeta; Castro, Diego

2012-01-01

This article reviews the current model of governance within Spanish universities, focusing on the areas of state regulation, academic goals, and organizational management. A qualitative approach was adopted for this research, comprising the use of a survey and a focus group. The conclusions of this study provide some insights into the new…

"To Form Citizens": Scottish Students, Governance and Politics, 1884-1948

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Macdonald, Catriona M. M.

2009-01-01

Citizenship was not a straightforward concern for Scottish university students between 1884 and 1948 and tended to express itself in multiple and often competing allegiances. Despite students being empowered to elect a Rector, and their role in university governance being accorded statutory recognition through the Students' Representative…

Career Education for Adults: Government and Law.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Auburn Univ., AL. Dept. of Vocational and Adult Education.

An outgrowth of State-sponsored institutes conducted by Auburn University, Alabama, to produce career education teaching modules for adults, the government and law module is one of five field-tested curriculum guides adopted from findings of the nationally oriented Adult Performance Level Study conducted at the University of Texas. (Basic to the…

Select Government Matching Fund Programs: An Examination of Characteristics and Effectiveness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Council for Advancement and Support of Education (NJ1), 2004

2004-01-01

Government matching fund programs, at their most fundamental level, are state-based initiatives that match private donations to colleges and universities with public funds. These programs have proven to be effective methods of improving public colleges and universities and successful examples of public-private partnerships, which are key…

Innovative University-Industry-Government Collaboration. Six Case Studies from the USA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dryden, R. D.; Erzurumlu, H. C. M.

1996-01-01

University-industry-government collaborations face challenges that necessitate a new culture or mindset. Six U.S. case examples demonstrate ways to create a win-win-win scenario and sustain partnerships: Oregon Joint Graduate Schools of Engineering; Network for Engineering and Research in Oregon; Blacksburg Electronic Village; research…

University/government/industry relations in aeronautics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schairer, G. S.

1975-01-01

Methods for improving the relationships between universities, the aircraft industry, and the Government are proposed. The author submits nine specific recommendations aimed at more effective aeronautical engineering education and employment of graduate engineers. The need for improved communication between the organizations which influence the advancement of aeronautical sciences is stressed.

The Dilemma of the Modern University in Balancing Competitive Agendas: The USQ Experience

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lovegrove, Bill; Clarke, John

2008-01-01

The Australian government uses numerous strategies to promote specific agendas--including continued efforts to deregulate the higher education sector. These strategies comprise the reduction of government funding to universities in real terms to oblige institutions to seek alternative sources of income; the targeted deployment of government…

Application of University Resources to Local Government Problems. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shamblin, James E.; And Others

The report details the results of a unique experimental demonstration of applying university resources to local government problems. Faculty-student teams worked with city and county personnel on projects chosen by mutual agreement, including work in areas of traffic management, law enforcement, waste heat utilization, solid waste conversion, and…

Professionalisation of Student Affairs Educators in China: History, Challenges, and Solutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Youngshan; Fang, Yuanyuan

2017-01-01

Student affairs administration in Chinese universities is characterised by a dual-layer system of governance, with student affairs practitioners, i.e. advisors to students, being supervised by either central university administration or by affiliated colleges. In the last decade, government-oriented developments have achieved great success in…

Renewing Strategic Planning in Universities at a Time of Uncertainty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Mahsood

2013-01-01

The renewal of strategy development and implementation is important in the context of the changing higher education landscape. Changing government policy and the political agenda require a university to engage in careful strategy development and implementation which result in long-term sustainability. The political interest of the government will…

Academic Utilization of Government Publications in Three Nigerian University Libraries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Okwor, Roseline Ngozi; Mole, Austin J. C.; Ihekwoaba, Emmanuel Chukwudi

2015-01-01

This paper seeks to examine the current state of academic utilization of government publications in Nigerian university libraries. Using a descriptive survey, the study focused on three academic libraries in Southeastern Nigeria serving a population of 11,996 undergraduate and postgraduate student library users, 592 of whom answered a…

Peruvian Higher Education: Expansions Amid Economic Crisis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Post, David

1991-01-01

Development of the Peruvian university system is described, focusing on periods of rapid expansion. Enrollment declines in 1974-78 are analyzed in the context of the educational reform program of the military government. The 1983 new university law, following return to civilian government, and future prospects for higher education are discussed.…

TEQSA and Risk-Based Regulation: Considerations for University Governing Bodies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Jeanette

2013-01-01

The advent of a new national regulatory and quality assurance regime in Australia, through the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA), presents additional requirements to university governing bodies, for compliance with standards and for risk management. This paper discusses TEQSA's approach and potential vulnerabilities for TEQSA…

Estimated cost of universal public coverage of prescription drugs in Canada

PubMed Central

Morgan, Steven G.; Law, Michael; Daw, Jamie R.; Abraham, Liza; Martin, Danielle

2015-01-01

Background: With the exception of Canada, all countries with universal health insurance systems provide universal coverage of prescription drugs. Progress toward universal public drug coverage in Canada has been slow, in part because of concerns about the potential costs. We sought to estimate the cost of implementing universal public coverage of prescription drugs in Canada. Methods: We used published data on prescribing patterns and costs by drug type, as well as source of funding (i.e., private drug plans, public drug plans and out-of-pocket expenses), in each province to estimate the cost of universal public coverage of prescription drugs from the perspectives of government, private payers and society as a whole. We estimated the cost of universal public drug coverage based on its anticipated effects on the volume of prescriptions filled, products selected and prices paid. We selected these parameters based on current policies and practices seen either in a Canadian province or in an international comparator. Results: Universal public drug coverage would reduce total spending on prescription drugs in Canada by $7.3 billion (worst-case scenario $4.2 billion, best-case scenario $9.4 billion). The private sector would save $8.2 billion (worst-case scenario $6.6 billion, best-case scenario $9.6 billion), whereas costs to government would increase by about $1.0 billion (worst-case scenario $5.4 billion net increase, best-case scenario $2.9 billion net savings). Most of the projected increase in government costs would arise from a small number of drug classes. Interpretation: The long-term barrier to the implementation of universal pharmacare owing to its perceived costs appears to be unjustified. Universal public drug coverage would likely yield substantial savings to the private sector with comparatively little increase in costs to government. PMID:25780047

Estimated cost of universal public coverage of prescription drugs in Canada.

PubMed

Morgan, Steven G; Law, Michael; Daw, Jamie R; Abraham, Liza; Martin, Danielle

2015-04-21

With the exception of Canada, all countries with universal health insurance systems provide universal coverage of prescription drugs. Progress toward universal public drug coverage in Canada has been slow, in part because of concerns about the potential costs. We sought to estimate the cost of implementing universal public coverage of prescription drugs in Canada. We used published data on prescribing patterns and costs by drug type, as well as source of funding (i.e., private drug plans, public drug plans and out-of-pocket expenses), in each province to estimate the cost of universal public coverage of prescription drugs from the perspectives of government, private payers and society as a whole. We estimated the cost of universal public drug coverage based on its anticipated effects on the volume of prescriptions filled, products selected and prices paid. We selected these parameters based on current policies and practices seen either in a Canadian province or in an international comparator. Universal public drug coverage would reduce total spending on prescription drugs in Canada by $7.3 billion (worst-case scenario $4.2 billion, best-case scenario $9.4 billion). The private sector would save $8.2 billion (worst-case scenario $6.6 billion, best-case scenario $9.6 billion), whereas costs to government would increase by about $1.0 billion (worst-case scenario $5.4 billion net increase, best-case scenario $2.9 billion net savings). Most of the projected increase in government costs would arise from a small number of drug classes. The long-term barrier to the implementation of universal pharmacare owing to its perceived costs appears to be unjustified. Universal public drug coverage would likely yield substantial savings to the private sector with comparatively little increase in costs to government. © 2015 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors.

Documents Handbook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gale, Ann Jeannette; And Others

This guide to government documents at the University of Michigan graduate library is divided into two major sections: publications of governments--United States federal, state, and municipal governments, foreign and British governments; and publications of international organizations--United Nations, specialized agencies of the U.N., and the…

Development of Multi-Disciplinary Finite Element Method Analysis Courses at California State University, Los Angeles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McKinney, John; Wu, Chivey

1998-01-01

The NASA Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) Partnership Awards Grant to California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA) has two primary goals that help to achieve NASA objectives. The overall objectives of the NASA Partnership Awards are to create opportunities for joint University NASA/Government sponsored research and related activities. One of the goals of the grant is to have university faculty researchers participate and contribute to the development of NASA technology that supports NASA goals for research and development (R&D) in Aeronautics and Astronautics. The other goal is technology transfer in the other direction, where NASA developed technology is made available to the general public and more specifically, targeted to industries that can profit from utilization of government developed technology. This years NASA Dryden Partnership Awards grant to CSULA entitled, "Computer Simulation of Multi-Disciplinary Engineering Systems", has two major tasks that satisfy overall NASA objectives. The first task conducts basic and applied research that contributes to technology development at the Dryden Flight Research Center. The second part of the grant provides for dissemination of NASA developed technology, by using the teaching environment created in the CSULA classroom. The second task and how this is accomplished is the topic of this paper. The NASA STARS (Structural Analysis Routines) computer simulation program is used at the Dryden center to support flight testing of high-performance experimental aircraft and to conduct research and development of new and advanced Aerospace technology.

Medical University admission test: a confirmatory factor analysis of the results.

PubMed

Luschin-Ebengreuth, Marion; Dimai, Hans P; Ithaler, Daniel; Neges, Heide M; Reibnegger, Gilbert

2016-05-01

The Graz Admission Test has been applied since the academic year 2006/2007. The validity of the Test was demonstrated by a significant improvement of study success and a significant reduction of dropout rate. The purpose of this study was a detailed analysis of the internal correlation structure of the various components of the Graz Admission Test. In particular, the question investigated was whether or not the various test parts constitute a suitable construct which might be designated as "Basic Knowledge in Natural Science." This study is an observational investigation, analyzing the results of the Graz Admission Test for the study of human medicine and dentistry. A total of 4741 applicants were included in the analysis. Principal component factor analysis (PCFA) as well as techniques from structural equation modeling, specifically confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), were employed to detect potential underlying latent variables governing the behavior of the measured variables. PCFA showed good clustering of the science test parts, including also text comprehension. A putative latent variable "Basic Knowledge in Natural Science," investigated by CFA, was indeed shown to govern the response behavior of the applicants in biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics as well as text comprehension. The analysis of the correlation structure of the various test parts confirmed that the science test parts together with text comprehension constitute a satisfactory instrument for measuring a latent construct variable "Basic Knowledge in Natural Science." The present results suggest the fundamental importance of basic science knowledge for results obtained in the framework of the admission process for medical universities.

Moderate Expectations: Barriers to Access and Complete Higher Education in Tajikistan: Listening to Stakeholders' Voices during the University Entrance Exam Reform. Report No: AUS7057

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Safir, Abla

2015-01-01

With the adoption of sweeping changes in the governance of university admission, namely the implementation of the university entrance exam (UEE) in July 2014, and with broader reforms supported by the World Bank. The UEE reform improves governance in only one step, if a key one, in the long process to access and complete higher education: this…

Partnering Healthy@Work: an Australian university-government partnership facilitating policy-relevant research.

PubMed

Jose, Kim; Venn, Alison; Jarman, Lisa; Seal, Judy; Teale, Brook; Scott, Jennifer; Sanderson, Kristy

2017-12-01

Research funding is increasingly supporting collaborations between knowledge users and researchers. Partnering Healthy@Work (pH@W), an inaugural recipient of funding through Australia's Partnership for Better Health Grants scheme, was a 5-year partnership between the Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania and the Tasmanian State Service (TSS). The partnerships purpose was to evaluate a comprehensive workplace health promotion programme (Healthy@Work) targeting 30 000 public sector employees; generating new knowledge and influencing workplace health promotion policy and decision-making. This mixed methods study evaluates the partnership between policy-makers and academics and identifies strategies that enabled pH@W to deliver key project outcomes. A pH@W document review was conducted, two partnership assessment tools completed and semi-structured interviews conducted with key policy-makers and academics. Analysis of the partnership assessment tools and interviews found that pH@W had reached a strong level of collaboration. Policy-relevant knowledge was generated about the health of TSS employees and their engagement with workplace health promotion. Knowledge exchange of a conceptual and instrumental nature occurred and was facilitated by the shared grant application, clear governance structures, joint planning, regular information exchange between researchers and policy-makers and research student placements in the TSS. Flexibility and acknowledgement of different priorities and perspectives of partner organizations were identified as critical factors for enabling effective partnership working and research relevance. Academic-policy-maker partnerships can be a powerful mechanism for improving policy relevance of research, but need to incorporate strategies that facilitate regular input from researchers and policy-makers in order to achieve this. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Education in a rapidly advancing technology: Accelerators and beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Month, Mel

2000-06-01

The field of accelerators and beams (A and B) is one of today's fast changing technologies. Because university faculties have not been able to keep pace with the associated advancing knowledge, universities have not been able to play their traditional role of educating the scientists and engineers needed to sustain this technology for use in science, industry, commerce, and defense. This problem for A and B is described and addressed. The solution proposed, a type of ''distance'' education, is the U.S. Particle Accelerator School (USPAS) created in the early 1980s. USPAS provides the universities with a means of serving themore » education needs of the institutions using A and B, primarily but not exclusively the national laboratories. The field of A and B is briefly summarized. The need for education outside the university framework, the raison d'etre for USPAS, the USPAS method, program structure, and curriculum, and particular USPAS-university connections are explained. The management of USPAS is analyzed, including its unique administrative structure, its institutional ties, and its operations, finance, marketing, and governmental relations. USPAS performance over the years is documented and a business assessment is made. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the future potential for this type of educational program, including possible extrapolation to new areas and/or different environments, in particular, its extra-government potential and its international possibilities. (c) 2000 American Association of Physics Teachers.« less

A Qualitative Assessment of the Meaning of Shared Governance at a Parochial University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glover-Alves, Shaton Monique

2012-01-01

Shared governance is a treasured tradition of academe. Problems of administrative practice arise when meanings and definitions of shared governance are undefined and implicit rather than defined and explicit. What are the meanings and definitions of shared governance when several governance models are considered and how does shared governance…

Governance and Institutional Autonomy: Governing and Governance in Portuguese Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Magalhaes, Antonio; Veiga, Amelia; Ribeiro, Filipa; Amaral, Alberto

2013-01-01

This paper aims at looking at governance instruments beyond managerial technicality. It intends to do so by analysing the impact of governance reforms on the universities autonomy assumed as a regulation instrument to politically steer systems and institutions. The regulation efforts undertaken at the European and national levels reflect a trend…

Effects of Transactional and Transformational Governance on Academic Teaching: Empirical Evidence from Two Types of Higher Education Institutions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkesmann, Uwe

2013-01-01

The leadership literature distinguishes two modes of governance, which can also be applied to the governance of universities: transactional and transformational. Transactional governance encompasses all forms of managerial governance, including selective incentives and monitoring capacity. The theoretical underpinning of this mode can be found in…

Financial Analysis of National University Hospitals in Korea.

PubMed

Lee, Munjae

2015-10-01

This paper provides information for decision making of the managers and the staff of national university hospitals. In order to conduct a financial analysis of national university hospitals, this study uses reports on the final accounts of 10 university hospitals from 2008 to 2011. The results of comparing 2008 and 2011 showed that there was a general decrease in total assets, an increase in liabilities, and a decrease in total medical revenues, with a continuous deficit in many hospitals. Moreover, as national university hospitals have low debt dependence, their management conditions generally seem satisfactory. However, some individual hospitals suffer severe financial difficulties and thus depend on short-term debts, which generally aggravate the profit and loss structure. Various indicators show that the financial state and business performance of national university hospitals have been deteriorating. These research findings will be used as important basic data for managers who make direct decisions in this uncertain business environment or by researchers who analyze the medical industry to enable informed decision-making and optimized execution. Furthermore, this study is expected to contribute to raising government awareness of the need to foster and support the national university hospital industry.

Financial Analysis of National University Hospitals in Korea

PubMed Central

Lee, Munjae

2015-01-01

Objectives This paper provides information for decision making of the managers and the staff of national university hospitals. Methods In order to conduct a financial analysis of national university hospitals, this study uses reports on the final accounts of 10 university hospitals from 2008 to 2011. Results The results of comparing 2008 and 2011 showed that there was a general decrease in total assets, an increase in liabilities, and a decrease in total medical revenues, with a continuous deficit in many hospitals. Moreover, as national university hospitals have low debt dependence, their management conditions generally seem satisfactory. However, some individual hospitals suffer severe financial difficulties and thus depend on short-term debts, which generally aggravate the profit and loss structure. Various indicators show that the financial state and business performance of national university hospitals have been deteriorating. Conclusion These research findings will be used as important basic data for managers who make direct decisions in this uncertain business environment or by researchers who analyze the medical industry to enable informed decision-making and optimized execution. Furthermore, this study is expected to contribute to raising government awareness of the need to foster and support the national university hospital industry. PMID:26730356

The Governance of Organizational Learning: Empirical Evidence from Best-Practice Universities in Germany

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lauer, Sabine; Wilkesmann, Uwe

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to link two modes of governance (transactional and transformational) to organizational learning by examining the example of academic teaching. Consequently, the "transformational" strategies of best practices that have been used by German universities to achieve teaching excellence are interpreted as…

Building Technology Transfer Capacity in Turkish Universities: A Critical Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ranga, Marina; Temel, Serdal; Ar, Ilker Murat; Yesilay, Rustem Baris; Sukan, Fazilet Vardar

2016-01-01

University technology transfer has been receiving significant government funding since 2012. Results of this major investment are now expected by the Turkish government and society, not only in terms of better teaching and research performance, but also of new jobs, new products and services, enhanced regional development and contribution to…

Is It Possible? Investigating the Influence of External Quality Audit on University Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carr, Sarah; Hamilton, Emma; Meade, Phil

2005-01-01

This paper explores whether it is possible to isolate independent effects of external quality audit (EQA) and concludes that effectiveness evaluations have a stronger foundation when the combined effects of university governance and management initiatives and government initiatives are examined together with EQA. The issue of how successful these…

International Advisory Councils and Internationalization of Governance: A Qualitative Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mihut, Georgiana; Altbach, Philip G.; Salmi, Jamil

2016-01-01

This paper discusses the emergence of international advisory councils (IACs) at universities around the world and introduces the concept of internationalization of governance. Global trends in the field of higher education, such as the quest to create world-class universities and advance in global rankings, the rise of new public management, and…

Lively Bureaucracy? The ESRC's Doctoral Training Centres and UK Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lunt, Ingrid; McAlpine, Lynn; Mills, David

2014-01-01

This paper explores the changing relationships between the UK government, its research councils and universities, focusing on the governing, funding and organisation of doctoral training. We use the Doctoral Training Centres (DTCs) funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) as a prism through which to study the shifting nature of…

Recruiting Minority Trustees to Independent College and University Governing Boards. AGB Special Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grigsby, J. Eugene, III; Galloway, Sylvia W.

1996-01-01

The report combines survey findings and data from interviews and focus-group sessions on recruiting minority group members for the private college or university governing board. It discusses real and perceived obstacles and recommends resources to assist institutions. Recommendations are based on two premises: (1) more minorities are needed on…

Getting libraries involved in industry-university-government collaboration : Libraries should support inauguration of business and lead SME into a knowledge-based society : What Toshiaki Takeuchi does as Business Library Association's President

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morita, Utako

Getting libraries involved in industry-university-government collaboration : Libraries should support inauguration of business and lead SME into a knowledge-based society : What Toshiaki Takeuchi does as Business Library Association's President

The Impact of SSCI and SCI on Taiwan's Academy: An Outcry for Fair Play

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chou, Chuing Prudence; Lin, Hsiao Fang; Chiu, Yun-ju

2013-01-01

The increasing importance of the competition in global university ranking has resulted in a paradigm shift in academic governance in East Asia. Many governments have introduced different strategies for benchmarking their leading universities to facilitate global competitiveness and international visibility. A major trend in the changing university…

Service-Learning from a Distance: Partnering Multiple Universities and Local Governments in a Large Scale Initiative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poindexter, Sandra; Arnold, Pamela; Osterhout, Christopher

2009-01-01

Service-learning can be academically effective even when the distances between students and client organizations prevent face-to-face interchanges and site visits. Working with the State of Michigan and Michigan Townships Association, Michigan students from five universities learned about local government while helping Michigan townships develop…

GPO Gate: University of California, San Diego's New Gateway to Electronic Government Information.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cruse, Patricia; Jahns, Cynthia

1996-01-01

Describes the development of a new interface called GPO Gate for accessing the Government Printing Office (GPO) WAIS (wide area information server) databases, GPO Access. Highlights include development and use of GPO Gate at the University of California, San Diego, and implications for public service. (Author/LRW)

The Stanford University Medical Center and the Federal Government.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenzweig, Robert M.; And Others

The Stanford University Medical Center consists of three main units: a medical school, a set of outpatient clinics, and a hospital. Financing of the center's functions cannot be carried out without federal support, and a network of relationships with government agencies has emerged. The impact of these relationships was discussed with key…

Australian Early Childhood Educators: From Government Policy to University Practice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davies, Sharon; Trinidad, Sue

2013-01-01

This article provides an overview of the Australian Federal Government initiatives in the area of early childhood with regard to the provision of early childhood education and care. These changes have influenced a Western Australian university to develop an innovative birth to 8 years preservice educator education curriculum. Using an ecological…

Speaking the Same Language: Building a Data Governance Program for Institutional Impact

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chapple, Mike

2013-01-01

Colleges and universities should be among the world's leading institutions in the field of data governance. After all, higher education institutions are dedicated to the creation and dissemination of knowledge. Why, then, do those who work in colleges and universities often have so much difficulty corralling information about their own operations…

The Training of "Triple Helix Workers"? Doctoral Students in University-Industry-Government Collaborations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thune, Taran

2010-01-01

Changes in knowledge production, increasing interaction between government, universities and industry, and changes in labor markets for doctoral degree holders are forces that have spurred a debate about the organization of doctoral education and the competencies graduates need to master to work as scientists and researchers in a triple helix…

BRICS countries and the global movement for universal health coverage.

PubMed

Tediosi, Fabrizio; Finch, Aureliano; Procacci, Christina; Marten, Robert; Missoni, Eduardo

2016-07-01

This article explores BRICS' engagement in the global movement for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the implications for global health governance. It is based on primary data collected from 43 key informant interviews, complemented by a review of BRICS' global commitments supporting UHC. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire that included both closed- and open-ended questions. Question development was informed by insights from the literature on UHC, Cox's framework for action, and Kingdon's multiple-stream theory of policy formation. The closed questions were analysed with simple descriptive statistics and the open-ended questions using grounded theory approach. The analysis demonstrates that most BRICS countries implicitly supported the global movement for UHC, and that they share an active engagement in promoting UHC. However, only Brazil, China and to some extent South Africa, were recognized as proactively pushing UHC in the global agenda. In addition, despite some concerted actions, BRICS countries seem to act more as individual countries rather that as an allied group. These findings suggest that BRICS are unlikely to be a unified political block that will transform global health governance. Yet the documented involvement of BRICS in the global movement supporting UHC, and their focus on domestic challenges, shows that BRICS individually are increasingly influential players in global health. So if BRICS countries should probably not be portrayed as the centre of future political community that will transform global health governance, their individual involvement in global health, and their documented concerted actions, may give greater voice to low- and middle-income countries supporting the emergence of multiple centres of powers in global health. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Hydrogen-like spectrum of spontaneously created brane universes with de-Sitter ground state

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidson, Aharon

2018-05-01

Unification of Randall-Sundrum and Regge-Teitelboim brane cosmologies gives birth to a serendipitous Higgs-deSitter interplay. A localized Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati scalar field, governed by a particular (analytically derived) double-well quartic potential, becomes a mandatory ingredient for supporting a deSitter brane universe. When upgraded to a general Higgs potential, the brane surface tension gets quantized, resembling a Hydrogen atom spectrum, with deSitter universe serving as the ground state. This reflects the local/global structure of the Euclidean manifold: From finite energy density no-boundary initial conditions, via a novel acceleration divide filter, to exact matching conditions at the exclusive nucleation point. Imaginary time periodicity comes as a bonus, with the associated Hawking temperature vanishing at the continuum limit. Upon spontaneous creation, while a finite number of levels describe universes dominated by a residual dark energy combined with damped matter oscillations, an infinite tower of excited levels undergo a Big Crunch.

Correlation between protein secondary structure, backbone bond angles, and side-chain orientations.

PubMed

Lundgren, Martin; Niemi, Antti J

2012-08-01

We investigate the fine structure of the sp3 hybridized covalent bond geometry that governs the tetrahedral architecture around the central C(α) carbon of a protein backbone, and for this we develop new visualization techniques to analyze high-resolution x-ray structures in the Protein Data Bank. We observe that there is a correlation between the deformations of the ideal tetrahedral symmetry and the local secondary structure of the protein. We propose a universal coarse-grained energy function to describe the ensuing side-chain geometry in terms of the C(β) carbon orientations. The energy function can model the side-chain geometry with a subatomic precision. As an example we construct the C(α)-C(β) structure of HP35 chicken villin headpiece. We obtain a configuration that deviates less than 0.4 Å in root-mean-square distance from the experimental x-ray structure.

A Three-Legged Stool or Race? Governance Models for NOAA RISAs, DOI CSCs, and USDA Climate Hubs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foster, J. G.

2014-12-01

NOAAs Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA) Teams, DOIs Climate Science Centers (CSCs), and USDAs Regional Climate Hubs (RCHs) have common missions of integrating climate and related knowledge across scientific disciplines and regions to create "actionable" information that decision-makes can use to manage climate risks and impacts at state and local scales. However, the sponsoring agency programs, university investigators, and local federal officials govern each differently. The three models of program and center governance are 1) exclusively university (RISAs), 2) a hybrid of Federal government and (host) university (CSCs,), and 3) exclusively Federal (Hubs). Each model has it's advantages and disadvantages in terms of legal definition and authority, scientific mission requirements and strategies, flexibility and legitimacy to conduct research and to collaborate regionally with constituencies, leadership and governance approach and "friction points,", staff capacity and ability to engage stakeholders, necessity to deliver products and services, bureaucratic oversight, performance evaluation, and political support at Congressional, state, and local levels. Using available sources of information and data, this paper will compare and contrast the strengths and weakness of these three regional applied climate science center governance models.

A Three-Legged Stool or Race? Governance Models for NOAA RISAs, DOI CSCs, and USDA Climate Hub

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Foster, J. G.

2014-12-01

NOAAs Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments (RISA) Teams, DOIs Climate Science Centers (CSCs), and USDAs Regional Climate Hubs (RCHs) have common missions of integrating climate and related knowledge across scientific disciplines and regions to create "actionable" information that decision-makes can use to manage climate risks and impacts at state and local scales. However, the sponsoring agency programs, university investigators, and local federal officials govern each differently. The three models of program and center governance are 1) exclusively university (RISAs), 2) a hybrid of Federal government and (host) university (CSCs,), and 3) exclusively Federal (Hubs). Each model has it's advantages and disadvantages in terms of legal definition and authority, scientific mission requirements and strategies, flexibility and legitimacy to conduct research and to collaborate regionally with constituencies, leadership and governance approach and "friction points,", staff capacity and ability to engage stakeholders, necessity to deliver products and services, bureaucratic oversight, performance evaluation, and political support at Congressional, state, and local levels. Using available sources of information and data, this paper will compare and contrast the strengths and weakness of these three regional applied climate science center governance models.

Masters Program at Claremont and Other University Extension Activities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carroll, Ann-Marie, Ed.

1971-01-01

Descriptions of a liberal studies program at Claremont College, California; the University of British Columbia local government project; recent Syracuse University publications in continuing education; Kansas State University teleteaching efforts; the interinstitutional University without Walls" consortium; and the University of Washington…

Bose-Einstein condensation of dark matter axions.

PubMed

Sikivie, P; Yang, Q

2009-09-11

We show that cold dark matter axions thermalize and form a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We obtain the axion state in a homogeneous and isotropic universe, and derive the equations governing small axion perturbations. Because they form a BEC, axions differ from ordinary cold dark matter in the nonlinear regime of structure formation and upon entering the horizon. Axion BEC provides a mechanism for the production of net overall rotation in dark matter halos, and for the alignment of cosmic microwave anisotropy multipoles.

Materials processing in space program tasks-supplement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pentecost, E. (Compiler)

1983-01-01

An overview of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university, and government communities is provided. An introductory description of the program, its history, strategy, and overall goals; identification of the organizational structures and people involved; and a description of each research task, together with a list of recent publications are included. The tasks are grouped into six categories: crystal growth; solidification of metals, alloys, and composites; fluids, transports, and chemical processes; and ultrahigh vacuum and containerless processing technologies; combustion experiments; and experimental technology.

NASA's commercial space program - Initiatives for the future

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rose, James T.; Stone, Barbara A.

1990-01-01

NASA's commercial development of the space program aimed at the stimulation and assistance of expanded private sector involvement and investment in civil space activities is discussed, focusing on major new program initiatives and their implementation. NASA's Centers for the Commercial Development of Space (CCDS) program, composed of competitively selected consortia of universities, industries, and government involved in early research and testing phases of potentially commercially viable technologies is described. The 16 centers concentrate on seven different technical areas such as automation and robotics; remote sensing; life sciences; and space power, propulsion, and structures. Private sector participation, CCDS technology development, government and commercially supplied access to space in support of CCDS programs, CCDS hardware development, and CCDS spinoffs are discussed together with various cooperative and reimbursable agreements between NASA and the private sector.

Institutional Alliances to Reduce Cancer Disparities in Chicago

PubMed Central

Simon, Melissa A.; Malin, Emily L.; Hitsman, Brian L.; Ciecierski, Christina C.; Victorson, David E.; Banas, Jennifer R.; Stuart, Moira; Luedke, Tracy; Cella, David

2017-01-01

A partnership formed between Northeastern Illinois University (NEIU) and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University sought to address well-documented cancer health disparities in Chicago by developing a collaborative research, training, and educational infrastructure between a minority-serving institution and a National Cancer Institute designated comprehensive cancer center. With a critical examination of partnership documentation and outputs, we describe the partnership’s community-engaged approaches, challenges, and lessons learned. Northeastern Illinois University and the Lurie Cancer Center engaged in a yearlong partnership-building phase, identified interdisciplinary research teams, formed a governance structure, and identified collective aims. Partnership outcomes included funded inter-institutional research projects, new curriculum, and an annual research trainee program. Significant challenges faced included uncertain fiscal climate, widespread turnover, and dissimilar institutional demands. Lessons learned from this minority serving institution and comprehensive cancer center partnership may be useful for bridging distinct academic communities in the pursuit of ameliorating health disparities. PMID:27763461

Governance, Government, and the Search for New Provider Models.

PubMed

Saltman, Richard B; Duran, Antonio

2015-11-03

A central problem in designing effective models of provider governance in health systems has been to ensure an appropriate balance between the concerns of public sector and/or government decision-makers, on the one hand, and of non-governmental health services actors in civil society and private life, on the other. In tax-funded European health systems up to the 1980s, the state and other public sector decision-makers played a dominant role over health service provision, typically operating hospitals through national or regional governments on a command-and-control basis. In a number of countries, however, this state role has started to change, with governments first stepping out of direct service provision and now de facto pushed to focus more on steering provider organizations rather than on direct public management. In this new approach to provider governance, the state has pulled back into a regulatory role that introduces market-like incentives and management structures, which then apply to both public and private sector providers alike. This article examines some of the main operational complexities in implementing this new governance reality/strategy, specifically from a service provision (as opposed to mostly a financing or even regulatory) perspective. After briefly reviewing some of the key theoretical dilemmas, the paper presents two case studies where this new approach was put into practice: primary care in Sweden and hospitals in Spain. The article concludes that good governance today needs to reflect practical operational realities if it is to have the desired effect on health sector reform outcome. © 2016 by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

Does governance play a role in the distribution of invasive alien species?

PubMed

Evans, Thomas; Zu Ermgassen, Philine; Amano, Tatsuya; Peh, Kelvin S-H

2018-02-01

Invasive alien species (IAS) constitute a major threat to global biological diversity. In order to control their spread, a detailed understanding of the factors influencing their distribution is essential. Although international trade is regarded as a major force structuring spatial patterns of IAS, the role of other social factors remains unclear. Despite studies highlighting the importance of strong governance in slowing drivers of biodiversity loss such as logging, deforestation, and agricultural intensification, no study has yet analyzed its contribution to the issue of IAS. Using estimates of governance quality and comprehensive spatiotemporal IAS data, we performed multiple linear regressions to investigate the effect of governance quality upon the distribution of species listed under "100 of the worst" IAS in 38 Eurasian countries as defined by DASIE. Our model suggested that for countries with higher GDP, stronger governance was associated with a greater number of the worst IAS; in contrast, for the lowest GDP countries under analysis, stronger governance was associated with fewer of these IAS. We elucidate how the quality of governance within a country has implications for trade, tourism, transport, legislation, and economic development, all of which influence the spread of IAS. While our findings support the common assumption that strengthening governance benefits conservation interventions in countries of smaller economy, we find that this effect is not universal. Stronger governance alone cannot adequately address the problem of IAS, and targeted action is required in relatively high-GDP countries in order to stem the influx of IAS associated with high volumes of trade.

Evolution of Structural Empowerment: Moving From Shared to Professional Governance.

PubMed

Clavelle, Joanne T; Porter O'Grady, Tim; Weston, Marla J; Verran, Joyce A

2016-06-01

The aim of this study is to describe the maturation of the concept of shared governance to professional governance as a framework for structural empowerment. An analysis of the literature and concept clarification of structural empowerment and shared governance demonstrate that the concept and attributes of shared governance have evolved toward professional governance. A comprehensive, deductive literature review and concept clarification of structural empowerment, shared governance, and related constructs was completed. The concept and practice of shared governance has matured to a concept of professional governance with the attributes of accountability, professional obligation, collateral relationships, and effective decision-making.

Harmonious University Construction Demands Internal and External Endeavors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lou, Xiang-yang; Zhi, Xi-zhe; Lu, Jin

2008-01-01

Universities play an irreplaceable role in the process of harmonious society construction. It becomes a critical task to construct harmonious university because of strain relations among universities, governments and society, and internal unbalance of universities. To construct harmonious university demands internal and external endeavors:…

Universal Health Coverage – The Critical Importance of Global Solidarity and Good Governance

PubMed Central

Reis, Andreas A.

2016-01-01

This article provides a commentary to Ole Norheim’ s editorial entitled "Ethical perspective: Five unacceptable trade-offs on the path to universal health coverage." It reinforces its message that an inclusive, participatory process is essential for ethical decision-making and underlines the crucial importance of good governance in setting fair priorities in healthcare. Solidarity on both national and international levels is needed to make progress towards the goal of universal health coverage (UHC). PMID:27694683

Towards a Performance Measurement Framework for Equity in Higher Education. Cat. No. IHW 129

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pagnini, Deanna; Stylianou, Marianna; Kok, Bernadette; Johnson, Deanne

2014-01-01

Increasing participation in higher education for under-represented groups has been a goal of both the Australian Government and Australian universities. In particular, the government has invested in a wide range of programs to support the efforts of universities to increase the enrollment and completion rates of: (1) Aboriginal and Torres Strait…

Introducing Entrepreneurship Teaching at Select German Universities: A Change Challenge

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curri, Gudrun

2008-01-01

In the recent past, universities in the western world have been expected to play a greater role in the national economic welfare of their countries in addition to their traditional role of education and research. In 1997, following the examples of national governments in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom, the German government launched an…

Student Engagement: Stakeholder Perspectives on Course Representation in University Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carey, Philip

2013-01-01

Student engagement has become a key feature of UK higher education policy and analysis. At the core of this is a notion of engagement characterised by dialogue and joint venture. The article explores this by considering the role of student representation in university governance. It focuses on the system of course representation that is a feature…

Implementing Governance for a New Era: An Action Plan for Higher Education Trustees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Council of Trustees and Alumni, 2014

2014-01-01

"Implementing Governance for a New Era" is an action plan to assist college and university trustees in reforming higher education. Delivered to more than 16,000 college and university trustees in November 2014, the plan provides details on how trustees properly represent the public by ensuring students receive a quality education at a…

Comparative Analysis of University-Government-Enterprise Co-Authorship Networks in Three Scientific Domains in the Region of Madrid

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olmeda-Gomez, Carlos; Perianes-Rodriguez, Antonio; Ovalle-Perandones, Maria Antonia; Moya-Anegon, Felix

2008-01-01

Introduction: In an economy geared to innovation and competitiveness in research and development activities, inter-relationships between the university, private enterprise and government are of considerable interest. Networking constitutes a priority strategy to attain this strategic objective and a tool in knowledge-based economies. Method:…

Governance Issues in South East Asian Higher Education: Finance, Devolution and Transparency in the Global Era

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Welch, Anthony

2007-01-01

Using Castells' four principal functions of universities, this article examines several key dilemmas relating to governance of higher education in SE Asia, (specifically Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). While all five nations value universities highly, and aspire to widen access to higher education, none can provide public…

Positioning as Regional Hub of Higher Education: Changing Governance and Regulatory Reforms in Singapore and Malaysia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mok, Ka Ho

2008-01-01

With strong intention to enhance the global competitiveness of their university systems, the Singapore and Malaysia governments have made attempts to develop their societies into regional hubs of education. Specifically, they have invited foreign universities to set up their campuses to offer academic programs or to establish private institutions…

Closing the Loop on Student Feedback: The Case of Australian and Scottish Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shah, Mahsood; Cheng, Ming; Fitzgerald, Robert

2017-01-01

Universities have a long history of collecting student feedback using surveys and other mechanisms. The last decade has witnessed a significant shift in how student feedback is systematically collected, analysed, reported, and used by governments and institutions. This shift is due to a number of factors, including changes in government policy…

Role of University-Industry-Government Linkages in the Innovation Processes of a Small Catching-Up Economy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Varblane, Urmas; Mets, Tonis; Ukrainski, Kadri

2008-01-01

During the transformation process from a command economy, the extraordinary statist university-industry-government (UIG) linkages model was replaced by an extreme version of laissez-faire relationships. A more modern interaction-based UIG model could be implemented only by changing the whole national innovation system of catching-up economies. The…

Models of Academic Governance and Institutional Power in Southern Baptist Related Liberal Arts Colleges and Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garrison, Michael Shane

2010-01-01

The purpose of this descriptive-quantitative study was to examine which models of academic governance are utilized by Southern Baptist related liberal arts colleges and universities. Special attention was given to the distribution of institutional power among seventeen campus leadership groups or power holders. Using J. Victor Baldridge's models…

Gold-Diggers, Supporters and Inclusive Profilers: Strategies for Profiling Research in Swedish Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silander, Charlotte; Haake, Ulrika

2017-01-01

Widespread reforms of governance and funding of universities has taken place in most Western countries, many of them influenced by New Public Management (NPM), which includes intensified attempts by the government to steer academic research in a utility direction. One way to do this is through university profiles and priorities of research. This…

The Israeli Planning and Grants Committee at the Crossroads: From Shock Absorber to Steering Wheel.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zadok, Meir

1984-01-01

The Israeli Planning and Grants Committee (PGC) was established in 1974 on the model of the British University Grants Committee, becoming the most powerful and dominant organization in higher education governance. Both government and universities will have to provide the framework of cooperation with the PGC to maintain its present position. (MSE)

The Impact of Sunshine/Open Meeting Laws on the Governing Boards of Public Colleges and Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaplowitz, Richard A.

The provisions of "sunshine" or "open meeting" laws are discussed to assist governing boards and chief executive officers of public universities and colleges. These laws stipulate that the business of the public must be conducted in public. Topics include: the legal constitution of a meeting, personnel matters, collective…

The Impact of Information Technology on the Efficacy of Tuition Fee Collection: A Case in Jamaica

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chevers, Delroy; Archie, Jonathon; Kerr-Gordon, Latoya; Hazel, Kerry

2018-01-01

Most governments in both developed and developing countries are reducing their financial support to universities. This condition is further compounded in Jamaica because the Jamaican government has shifted its focus and support from tertiary to early childhood education. As a result, both students and universities in Jamaica are experiencing…

An Investigation on Allocative Efficiency and Implications of New Funding Plans for the Australian Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mamun, Shamsul Arifeen Khan; Rahman, Mohammand Mafizur

2016-01-01

In 2013 and 2014, the Australian Federal Government introduced the Gonski reforms and fee deregulation measures to reform the prevailing financing provisions for education sectors in Australia. The central proposition of the proposed new measures was to reduce the funding of public universities by the Federal Government. One likely consequence of…

The Fall of the Ivory Tower: Government Funding, Corruption, and the Bankrupting of American Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roche, George Charles

This book maintains that federal subsidies to higher education have allowed American colleges and universities to overstaff, overspend, and overbuild, creating an economic, academic, and moral crisis in higher education. The book argues that, although American colleges and universities are the envy of the world, government funding has subsidized…

A University Engagement Model for Achieving Technology Adoption and Performance Improvement Impacts in Healthcare, Manufacturing, and Government

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKinnis, David R.; Sloan, Mary Anne; Snow, L. David; Garimella, Suresh V.

2014-01-01

The Purdue Technical Assistance Program (TAP) offers a model of university engagement and service that is achieving technology adoption and performance improvement impacts in healthcare, manufacturing, government, and other sectors. The TAP model focuses on understanding and meeting the changing and challenging needs of those served, always…

The University of California, Berkeley, and the Government. An Institutional Self Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowker, Albert H.; Morgan, Patrick M.

The relationship between the University of California at Berkeley and the government is examined. Interviews with over 150 people on campus, ranging from leading administrators to a sample of faculty researchers to section heads in departments such as Personnel and Purchasing, as well as written reports by numerous offices supplied the data of…

Middle Level Managers' Quality of Leadership and Good Governance, and Organizational Performance of Wolaita Sodo University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shibru, Sintayehu; Bibiso, Mesfin; Ousman, Kedir

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between middle level managers' quality of leadership and good governance, and organization performance of Wolaita Sodo University. The study employed descriptive survey method and used quantitative approach. College/school Deans, Department heads and Coordinators were source of data.…

Exclusion Factors in Latin American Higher Education: A Preliminary Analyze From University Governing Board Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castro, Diego; Rodríguez-Gómez, David; Gairín, Joaquín

2017-01-01

Access to higher education has increased substantially in Latin America, but inequalities in access to and completion of higher education still remain. In this regard, identifying vulnerable groups and exclusion factors is a priority in Latin America's university systems. The aim of this article is to understand in depth governing board…

Governing Independent Colleges and Universities. A Handbook for Trustees, Chief Executives, and Other Campus Leaders.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ingram, Richard T., Ed.; And Others

This volume offers a comprehensive look at independent college and university leadership, particularly trusteeship, in 20 papers by various authors. Part 1 contains papers on the context in which trustees must function: a blend of financial, demographic, social, legal, and planning issues. Part 2 covers key responsibilities of governing boards.…

Investigation on the governance model and effect of medical schools merged with comprehensive universities in China.

PubMed

Bai, Ge; Luo, Li

2013-08-01

This investigation analyzes the management of medical schools merged with comprehensive universities through internet search and research review to reveal management model and effect of the merger. The conclusion is safely reached that governance models are divided into two different patterns: centralized management and decentralized management. Eight universities, representing the two models, were selected and evaluated comprehensively. Among them, the universities that carried out decentralized management have greater development after the merger based on a quality comparison concerning freshmen, faculty, teaching, and research between the two patterns. © 2013 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd and Chinese Cochrane Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.

The 2014 AGB Survey of Higher Education Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge-Clark, Kristen

2014-01-01

"The 2014 AGB Survey of Higher Education Governance" is the fourth in AGB's studies of college and university governance. This report, based on survey responses from 592 public and independent boards, addresses a range of important governance topics that are receiving attention from boards and the news media, including presidential…

2011 AGB Survey of Higher Education Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2011

2011-01-01

This report, the second of AGB's studies of higher education governance, documents the extent to which college and university boards are following good-governance practices. In addition, it takes a focused look at board engagement to determine the degree to which governing boards are actively, intellectually, and strategically involved with their…

Acceleration of black hole universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, T. X.; Frederick, C.

2014-01-01

Recently, Zhang slightly modified the standard big bang theory and developed a new cosmological model called black hole universe, which is consistent with Mach's principle, governed by Einstein's general theory of relativity, and able to explain all observations of the universe. Previous studies accounted for the origin, structure, evolution, expansion, and cosmic microwave background radiation of the black hole universe, which grew from a star-like black hole with several solar masses through a supermassive black hole with billions of solar masses to the present state with hundred billion-trillions of solar masses by accreting ambient matter and merging with other black holes. This paper investigates acceleration of the black hole universe and provides an alternative explanation for the redshift and luminosity distance measurements of type Ia supernovae. The results indicate that the black hole universe accelerates its expansion when it accretes the ambient matter in an increasing rate. In other words, i.e., when the second-order derivative of the mass of the black hole universe with respect to the time is positive . For a constant deceleration parameter , we can perfectly explain the type Ia supernova measurements with the reduced chi-square to be very close to unity, χ red˜1.0012. The expansion and acceleration of black hole universe are driven by external energy.

Leadership and culture of data governance for the achievement of higher education goals (Case study: Indonesia University of Education)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Putro, Budi Laksono; Surendro, Kridanto; Herbert

2016-02-01

Data is a vital asset in a business enterprise in achieving organizational goals. Data and information affect the decision-making process on the various activities of an organization. Data problems include validity, quality, duplication, control over data, and the difficulty of data availability. Data Governance is the way the company / institution manages its data assets. Data Governance covers the rules, policies, procedures, roles and responsibilities, and performance indicators that direct the overall management of data assets. Studies on governance data or information aplenty recommend the importance of cultural factors in the governance of research data. Among the organization's leadership culture has a very close relationship, and there are two concepts turn, namely: Culture created by leaders, leaders created by culture. Based on the above, this study exposure to the theme "Leadership and Culture Of Data Governance For The Achievement Of Higher Education Goals (Case Study: Indonesia University Of Education)". Culture and Leadership Model Development of on Higher Education in Indonesia would be made by comparing several models of data governance, organizational culture, and organizational leadership on previous studies based on the advantages and disadvantages of each model to the existing organizational business. Results of data governance model development is shown in the organizational culture FPMIPA Indonesia University Of Education today is the cultural market and desired culture is a culture of clan. Organizational leadership today is Individualism Index (IDV) (83.72%), and situational leadership on selling position.

Zimbabwe's success story in education and health: will it weather economic structural adjustment?

PubMed

Tumwine, J K

1992-12-01

The beginning of the 1980s saw the birth of Zimbabwe as a result of a protracted liberation war. It coincided with global interest in primary health care, the concept of universal primary school education and, unfortunately, moves towards economic stabilization and structural adjustment programmes. Economic structural adjustment was adopted by several sub Saharan African countries with dire consequences for the poor and vulnerable. Zimbabwe's commitment to social justice and to equitable distribution of resources demonstrated a practical move away from the culture of rhetoric so characteristic of many governments and non-governmental organisations and agencies. This commitment has been translated into impressive improvements in health and education. Current evidence shows that education has had a positive impact on health and related areas like contraceptive use, child mortality and the nutrition status of children. Conversely nutrition and health conditions among school children are important determinants of educational outcomes. Hitherto Zimbabwe's economy has been sufficiently strong to avoid excessive dependence on the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other foreign financial institutions. Unfortunately, however, the current economic recession together with economic structural adjustment programmes are beginning to have a negative impact on health and education. Will true synergism between health and education weather these structural problems? It seems that the people and government of Zimbabwe have the capacity and resolve to weather such a storm.

In defiance of the evidence: conservatives threaten to "reform" away England's National Health Service.

PubMed

Lister, John

2012-01-01

David Cameron's Conservative-led coalition government is pressing ahead with a highly controversial bill to "reform" the National Health Service (NHS), abolishing existing management structures, opening up provider services to private competition from "any qualified provider", and establishing a competitive market system in place of planning. The proposals fragment the structures and run counter to the founding principles of the NHS, which in 1948 transcended the limitations of markets, delivering health care on the basis of maximum risk sharing and universal access to services, free at the point of use. Evidence shows markets are a costly and inadequate mechanism to deliver universal and comprehensive health care, and private providers will only bid for services where profits are guaranteed. Opposition to the proposals is strong among health professionals and informed opinion, and the bill has divided the coalition parties--but time is running out for those who reject the bill to mount a sustained and concerted resistance.

An inquiry into good hospital governance: A New Zealand-Czech comparison

PubMed Central

Ditzel, Elizabeth; Štrach, Pavel; Pirozek, Petr

2006-01-01

Background This paper contributes to research in health systems literature by examining the role of health boards in hospital governance. Health care ranks among the largest public sectors in OECD countries. Efficient governance of hospitals requires the responsible and effective use of funds, professional management and competent governing structures. In this study hospital governance practice in two health care systems – Czech Republic and New Zealand – is compared and contrasted. These countries were chosen as both, even though they are geographically distant, have a universal right to 'free' health care provided by the state and each has experienced periods of political change and ensuing economic restructuring. Ongoing change has provided the impetus for policy reform in their public hospital governance systems. Methods Two comparative case studies are presented. They define key similarities and differences between the two countries' health care systems. Each public hospital governance system is critically analysed and discussed in light of D W Taylor's nine principles of 'good governance'. Results While some similarities were found to exist, the key difference between the two countries is that while many forms of 'ad hoc' hospital governance exist in Czech hospitals, public hospitals in New Zealand are governed in a 'collegiate' way by elected District Health Boards. These findings are discussed in relation to each of the suggested nine principles utilized by Taylor. Conclusion This comparative case analysis demonstrates that although the New Zealand and Czech Republic health systems appear to show a large degree of convergence, their approaches to public hospital governance differ on several counts. Some of the principles of 'good governance' existed in the Czech hospitals and many were practiced in New Zealand. It would appear that the governance styles have evolved from particular historical circumstances to meet each country's specific requirements. Whether or not current practice could be improved by paying closer attention to theoretical models of 'good governance' is debatable. PMID:16460571

University Education in Kenya: Current Developments and Future Outlook.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mutula, Stephen M.

2002-01-01

Discusses university education in Kenya, with an emphasis on patterns of financing and how this has affected overall operations of the universities. Assesses reforms to reduce government grants and make public universities self-sustaining, compares private and public universities, and discusses problems facing public universities and how they are…

The Rankings of Research Funding among Universities in Taiwan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wang, Ru-Jer

2010-01-01

With the current trend that universities around the world have gradually stepped into higher education systems of popularization, there has been more diversity in universities; hence it has become necessary to increase the transparency of university governance. Since that university classification or university ranking is a powerful mechanism to…

Analysis of Quality in Public and Private Universities in Bangladesh and USA

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mazumder, Quamrul H.

2014-01-01

To meet the growing need for increased capacity in higher education, the government of Bangladesh encouraged development of private universities in 1992. Currently, there are sixty private universities, thirty-four public universities and three international universities in Bangladesh. Although the increased number of universities has provided…

Oral health systems in Europe. Part I: Finance and entitlement to care.

PubMed

Anderson, R; Treasure, E T; Whitehouse, N H

1998-09-01

To describe and compare the oral health systems in 18 European countries. Semi-structured, in-depth validation interviews were carried out with key informants from the main national dental associations of EU and associated countries. The interviews were structured around the responses to a previously completed questionnaire, the topics and terminology of which had been agreed in advance with the collaborating associations. The resulting descriptions of dental practice and the dental workforce in each country were returned for further validation and correction by the collaborating associations. Ultimate editorial control over the review of each country's oral health system rested with the authors. Oral health care is mainly financed by government-regulated or compulsory social insurance in seven of the 18 countries examined here: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, The Netherlands and Switzerland. Providing universal or near-universal coverage by membership of insurance institutions, these systems provide oral health care for about 180 million people across Europe, and almost half of all EU citizens. In the Nordic countries and the UK entitlement to care is typically based upon residence or citizenship, and apart from in Norway and Iceland is provided within a tax-funded and government-organised health service. In southern Europe, Norway, Ireland and Iceland oral health care is largely financed directly by the patient, with occasional support through private insurance. Some publicly-funded and organised services do exist in these countries but generally only for specific population groups (e.g. children, unemployed), or in particular regions.

Geological Investigation and analysis in response to Earthquake Induced Landslide in West Sumatra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karnawati, D.; Wilopo, W.; Salahudin, S.; Sudarno, I.; Burton, P.

2009-12-01

Substantial socio-economical loss occurred in response to the September 30. 2009 West Sumatra Earthquake with magnitude of 7.6. Damage of houses and engineered structures mostly occurred at the low land of alluvium sediments due to the ground amplification, whilst at the high land of mountain slopes several villages were buried by massive debris of rocks and soils. It was recorded that 1115 people died due to this disasters. Series of geological investigation was carried out by Geological Engineering Department of Gadjah Mada University, with the purpose to support the rehabilitation program. Based on this preliminary investigation it was identified that most of the house and engineered structural damages at the alluvial deposits mainly due to by the poor quality of such houses and engineered structures, which poorly resist the ground amplification, instead of due to the control of geological conditions. On the other hand, the existence and distribution of structural geology (faults and joints) at the mountaineous regions are significant in controlling the distribution of landslides, with the types of rock falls, debris flows and debris falls. Despite the landslide susceptibility mapping conducted by Geological Survey of Indonesia, more detailed investigation is required to be carried out in the region surrounding Maninjau Lake, in order to provide safer places for village relocation. Accordingly Gadjah Mada University in collaboration with the local university (Andalas University) as well as with the local Government of Agam Regency and the Geological Survey of Indonesia, serve the mission for conducting rather more detailed geological and landslide investigation. It is also crucial that the investigation (survey and mapping) on the social perception and expectation of local people living in this landslide susceptible area should also be carried out, to support the mitigation effort of any future potential earthquake induced landslides.

Global health governance: commission on social determinants of health and the imperative for change.

PubMed

Bell, Ruth; Taylor, Sebastian; Marmot, Michael

2010-01-01

In May 2009 the World Health Assembly passed a resolution on reducing health inequities through action on the social determinants of health, based on the work of the global Commission on Social Determinants of Health, 2005-2008. The Commission's genesis and findings raise some important questions for global health governance. We draw out some of the essential elements, themes, and mechanisms that shaped the Commission. We start by examining the evolving nature of global health and the Commission's foundational inspiration--the universal pattern of health inequity and the imperative, driven by a sense of social justice, to make better and more equal health a global goal. We look at how the Commission was established, how it was structured internally, and how it developed external relationships--with the World Health Organization, with global networks of academics and practitioners, with country governments eager to spearhead action on health equity, and with civil society. We outline the Commission's recommendations as they relate to the architecture of global health governance. Finally, we look at how the Commission is catalyzing a movement to bring social determinants of health to the forefront of international and national policy discourse. © 2010 American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics, Inc.

Empowering Managers, Assuring Governors: The Introduction of Dual Assurance at the University of Exeter

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weale, Gillian

2010-01-01

Since the start of the academic session 2007-08, the University of Exeter has been operating a unique system of governance known as dual assurance, which has replaced a more traditional system of committees sitting under Council, the governing body. This paper describes the background to the development of dual assurance at Exeter, and the reasons…

Composition of Governing Boards of Independent Colleges and Universities, 1997. AGB Occasional Paper No. 36.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Madsen, Holly

1998-01-01

This report presents results of a 1997 survey of the governing boards of independent colleges and universities conducted to identify trends in membership and board policies and practices. Among the highlights are the following: (1) boards average 30 members; (2) 46 percent of boards had conducted a review of their own performance within the past…

Composition of Governing Boards of Public Colleges and Universities, 1997. AGB Occasional Paper No. 37.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Madsen, Holly

1998-01-01

This report presents results of a 1997 survey of the governing boards of public colleges and universities to identify trends in their membership and board policies and practices. Among highlights are the following: (1) boards have an average size of 11 members; (2) nearly half of board members are selected by gubernatorial appointment; (3) 41…

What is a Baseline for Effective Information Technology Governance for Higher Education Institutions that are Members of Research University CIO Conclave in United States?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohseni, Maryam

2012-01-01

This research study provides the findings of a modified Delphi methodology conducted to define components and baseline for effective information technology governance for higher education institutions member of the Research University CIO Conclave (RUCC) in United States. The participating experts are Chief Information Officers (CIOs) of…

An Assessment of Agency Theory as a Framework for the Government-University Relationship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kivisto, Jussi

2008-01-01

The aim of this paper is to use agency theory as the theoretical framework for an examination of the government-university relationship and to assess the main strengths and weaknesses of the theory in this context. Because of its logically consistent framework, agency theory is able to manifest many of the complexities and difficulties that…

Benefit Incidence Analysis of Government Spending on Public-Private Partnership Schooling under Universal Secondary Education Policy in Uganda

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wokadala, J.; Barungi, M.

2015-01-01

The study establishes whether government spending on private universal secondary education (USE) schools is equitable across quintiles disaggregated by gender and by region in Uganda. The study employs benefit incidence analysis tool on the Uganda National Panel Survey (UNPS 2009/10) data to establish the welfare impact of public subsidy on…

Regional Seminars on University Governance in the Tempus Partner Countries (2010-2011): Conclusions. A Tempus Study. Issue 08

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reilly, John: Jongsma, Ard

2011-01-01

Following the publication of the Tempus study Changing Rules--a Review of Tempus Support to University Governance, the European Commission and the Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency held a series of four regional seminars to present its results and to provide an opportunity for reflection and discussion on challenges and trends in…

Organizational Governance and the Production of Academic Quality: Lessons from Two Top U.S. Research Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thoenig, Jean-Claude; Paradeise, Catherine

2014-01-01

Does organizational governance contribute to academic quality? Two top research universities are observed in-depth: Berkeley and the MIT. Three key factors are listed that help generate consistent and lasting high performance. Priority is allocated to self-evaluation and to the development of talent. Values and norms such as community membership,…

Charter Schools Indicators: A Report from the Center on Educational Governance, University of Southern California. CSI-USC 2008

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center on Educational Governance, 2008

2008-01-01

This report, which is the second annual report on charter schools in California by the University of Southern California's (USC's) Center on Educational Governance, offers a unique view of charter school performance. Using both financial and academic data submitted by school districts to the state of California, this report looks well beyond test…

Government College of Teacher Education Kozhikode Community Living Camp, 2005-06

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Praveen, Chandrasekharan

2005-01-01

The old Citizenship Training has reappeared as Community Living Camp and has found a place in the curriculum of the University of Calicut. Among the affiliated colleges of the University of Calicut, the Government College of Teacher Education, Kozhikode was the first to conduct the camp. This report of the camp throws light on the conditions that…

The Usage of E-Governance Applications by Higher Education Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Öktem, M. Kemal; Demirhan, Kamil; Demirhan, Haydar

2014-01-01

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the Internet usage of university students using e-governance applications. It is important to examine these factors to understand why the online citizen participation is not increasing as expected, while Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) usage is improving in governance. Governance is…

Switchmen of Reform: Competing Conceptions of Public Higher Education Governance in Poland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Marta A.

2014-01-01

This study examined the extent to which academic leaders and government officials in Poland differ in their notions of good university governance, and sought to uncover how these notions intersect with global trends in higher education governance. The research objective was to identify the criteria that determine what reforms of university…

Governance of Higher Education--Implementation of Project Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Macheridis, Nikos

2017-01-01

This article focuses on coordination between governance actors in higher education. The object of the study is a department at a public university, seen as a multi-project environment. The purpose of this article is to illustrate and analyze project governance as a tool that allows departmental management to coordinate with the authorities, the…

A Causal Relationship of Occupational Stress among University Employees.

PubMed

Kaewanuchit, Chonticha; Muntaner, Carles; Isha, Nizam

2015-07-01

Occupational stress is a psychosocial dimension of occupational health concept on social determinants of health, especially, job & environmental condition. Recently, staff network of different government universities of Thailand have called higher education commission, and Ministry of Education, Thailand to resolve the issue of government education policy (e.g. wage inequity, poor welfare, law, and job & environment condition) that leads to their job insecurity, physical and mental health problems from occupational stress. The aim of this study was to investigate a causal relationship of occupational stress among the academic university employees. This cross sectional research was conducted in 2014 among 2,000 academic university employees at Thai government universities using stratified random sampling. Independent variables were wage, family support, periods of duty, and job & environmental condition. Dependent variable was stress. Job & environmental condition, as social and environmental factor, and periods of duty as individual factor had direct effect to stress (P< 0.05). Family support, as family factor, and wage, as individual factor had direct effect to stress (P < 0.05). Both family support and wage were the causal endogenous variables. Job & environmental condition and periods of duty were increased so that it associated with occupational stress among academic university employees at moderate level.

Universal stability curve for pattern formation in pulsed gas-solid fluidized beds of sandlike particles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Martín, Lilian; Ottevanger, Coen; van Ommen, J. Ruud; Coppens, Marc-Olivier

2018-03-01

A granular layer can form regular patterns, such as squares, stripes, and hexagons, when it is fluidized with a pulsating gas flow. These structures are reminiscent of the well-known patterns found in granular layers excited through vibration, but, contrarily to them, they have been hardly explored since they were first discovered. In this work, we investigate experimentally the conditions leading to pattern formation in pulsed fluidized beds and the dimensionless numbers governing the phenomenon. We show that the onset to the instability is universal for Geldart B (sandlike) particles and governed by the hydrodynamical parameters Γ =ua/(utϕ ¯) and f /fn , where ua and f are the amplitude and frequency of the gas velocity, respectively, ut is the terminal velocity of the particles, ϕ ¯ is the average solids fraction, and fn is the natural frequency of the bed. These findings suggest that patterns emerge as a result of a parametric resonance between the kinematic waves originating from the oscillating gas flow and the bulk dynamics. Particle friction plays virtually no role in the onset to pattern formation, but it is fundamental for pattern selection and stabilization.

Early appraisal of China's huge and complex health-care reforms.

PubMed

Yip, Winnie Chi-Man; Hsiao, William C; Chen, Wen; Hu, Shanlian; Ma, Jin; Maynard, Alan

2012-03-03

China's 3 year, CN¥850 billion (US$125 billion) reform plan, launched in 2009, marked the first phase towards achieving comprehensive universal health coverage by 2020. The government's undertaking of systemic reform and its affirmation of its role in financing health care together with priorities for prevention, primary care, and redistribution of finance and human resources to poor regions are positive developments. Accomplishing nearly universal insurance coverage in such a short time is commendable. However, transformation of money and insurance coverage into cost-effective services is difficult when delivery of health care is hindered by waste, inefficiencies, poor quality of services, and scarcity and maldistribution of the qualified workforce. China must reform its incentive structures for providers, improve governance of public hospitals, and institute a stronger regulatory system, but these changes have been slowed by opposition from stakeholders and lack of implementation capacity. The pace of reform should be moderated to allow service providers to develop absorptive capacity. Independent, outcome-based monitoring and evaluation by a third-party are essential for mid-course correction of the plans and to make officials and providers accountable. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Industry/University/Government partnerships in metrology: A new paradigm for the future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Helms, C. R.

1998-11-01

A business process is described where Industry/University/Government interactions are optimized for highest productivity across these three sectors. This cross-functional approach provides for the rapid development of differentiated products for competitive advantage in industry, best of class scholarship and academically free university research, and the assurance of U.S. economic and military strength. The major focus of this paper will be R&D. However, the above objectives will only be met if effective transition from R&D into final product marketing, design, and manufacturing are included as an additional required concurrent, cross-functional activity. Metrology will be shown as an area that meets all the requirements for the development of a broad cross-functional partnership between industry, academia, and the Government that creates significant value for each sector.

State Structures for the Governance of Higher Education: A Comparative Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowen, Frank M.; Bracco, Kathy Reeves; Callan, Patrick M.; Finney, Joni E.; Richardson, Richard C., Jr.; Trombley, William

This comparative study synthesizes data from a national study which examined differences among states in their governance structures, and asked if differences in performance were related to governing structures and whether governance structure affected strategies of state policymakers. The seven states examined were grouped into four governance…

Health reform in Mexico: the promotion of inequality.

PubMed

Laurell, A C

2001-01-01

The Mexican health reform can be understood only in the context of neoliberal structural adjustment, and it reveals some of the basic characteristics of similar reforms in the Latin American region. The strategy to transform the predominantly public health care system into a market-driven system has been a complex process with a hidden agenda to avoid political resistance. The compulsory social security system is the key sector in opening health care to private insurance companies, health maintenance organizations, and hospital enterprises mainly from abroad. Despite the government's commitment to universal coverage, equity, efficiency, and quality, the empirical data analyzed in this article do not confirm compliance with these objectives. Although an alternative health policy that gradually grants the constitutional right to health would be feasible, the new democratically elected government will continue the previous regressive health reform.

NREL Helps Universities Go Solar Video - Text Version | State, Local, and

Science.gov Websites

Tribal Governments | NREL NREL Helps Universities Go Solar Video - Text Version NREL Helps Universities Go Solar Video - Text Version Below is the text version for the NREL Helps Universities Go Solar

Preparing for the Unthinkable: DOD Support to Foreign Consequence Management

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-03

Nuclear Disaster ” (research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University, 2001), 23. 17 Department of Defense Consequence Management...States Government Response to an Overseas Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Disaster ” (research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air...Government Response to an Overseas Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Disaster .” Research paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University

What Is Changing in Mexican Public Universities in the Face of Recent Policy Initiatives for Higher Education? ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kent, Rollin

This paper examines the changes that are emerging in Mexican higher education, focusing especially on the shifting nature of government-university relationships and some of the consequences for management and governance at the establishment level. It provides a brief outline of trends in the recent past, discusses the changes that have developed…

Radio Interference Modeling and Prediction for Satellite Operation Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-25

et al. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Catholic University of America Washington, DC 20064 25 Aug 2015 Final...data included in this document for any purpose other than Government procurement does not in any way obligate the U.S. Government. The fact that...AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Catholic University of

Interoperability in the e-Government Context

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

Mellon University for the operation of the Software Engineering Institute, a federally funded research and development center. Any opinions...Hanscom AFB, MA 01731-2125 NO WARRANTY THIS CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY AND SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE MATERIAL IS FURNISHED ON AN “AS-IS” BASIS... Software Engineering Institute at permission@sei.cmu.edu. * These restrictions do not apply to U.S. government entities. CMU/SEI-2011-TN-014 | i Table

Congress, Laws, and Regulations: Government Documents. Academic Library Guide. Government Documents Series Number 2.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Amen, Kathleen L.

This document is the second in a series of four guides to the government documents collection in the academic library at St. Mary's University (San Antonio, Texas); the library has been a selective depository for U.S. Government publications since 1964. Focusing on congressional publications pertaining to laws and regulations, this guide describes…

International University Co-operation: Summary Record of a Working Party on International University Co-operation. Papers-9.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Association of Universities, Paris (France).

This report delineates areas, patterns, effects, and purposes of international university cooperation. Areas of international university cooperation encompass teaching and study, research, university administration and organization. Patterns of cooperation include the basic principles of governing agreements, methods for full university…

The American University: Problems, Prospects, and Trends.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blits, Jan H., Ed.

Issues and trends relating to science and technology, liberal education and the aims of the university, and academic governance in U.S. universities are considered in 10 essays. Questions are raised concerning: whether universities should be linked to industrial research projects, how America's universities should respond to the wave of computer…

Illinois State University Handbook, 1974-1975.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Illinois State Univ., Normal.

The 1974-1975 edition of this handbook is intended to provide the students and employees of the university with a broad insight into the university and its operations. The handbook's four chapters deal with university organization and governance, general university information, student life, and faculty life. Specific consideration is given to:…

The Managerialist University: An Economic Interpretation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aspromourgos, Tony

2012-01-01

The rise of the managerialist university, in terms of a shift towards supposed corporate forms of governance in universities, associated also with greater competition between universities, has been the subject of considerable controversy. Dissent with respect to these developments has commonly appealed to the notion of the university as a special…

Financing University Education for Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Issues and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chukwu, Leo C.; Chinyelugo, Agada Fidelia; Eze, S. G. N.

2017-01-01

The paper explained the concept university and the objectives of university education. Sustainable development and its purpose were then explained. The paper went further to analyze the various sources of financing the universities, including; the governments, endowment, and consultancy amongst others. The role of the universities in the…

The role of academic institutions in the development of drugs for rare and neglected diseases.

PubMed

Coles, L D; Cloyd, J C

2012-08-01

There are approximately 7,000 rare disorders, many of which are life-threatening. Diagnosis is often problematic, and therapies are few. Before the passage of the Orphan Drug Act in 1983, neither the pharmaceutical industry nor universities devoted much effort to research on rare diseases. Important changes have occurred within and outside universities that position them to play a significant role in developing orphan drugs. Several models are being employed to promote drug-related research, including disease-focused, discovery-focused, development-focused, and industry-partnership-focused approaches. However, significant barriers challenge universities' ability to fully contribute to orphan drug development. Academic institutions, along with industry, government, and not-for-profit organizations, must address these issues in order to advance the field. New initiatives designed to increase university-based orphan drug research include creating mechanisms to ensure program continuity, building research and regulatory support infrastructure, facilitating commercialization, expanding government support, and developing mutually beneficial partnerships among academe, industry, and government.

The Black Hole Universe Model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Tianxi

2014-06-01

The black hole universe model is a multiverse model of cosmology recently developed by the speaker. According to this new model, our universe is a fully grown extremely supermassive black hole, which originated from a hot star-like black hole with several solar masses, and gradually grew up from a supermassive black hole with million to billion solar masses to the present state with trillion-trillion solar masses by accreting ambient matter or merging with other black holes. The entire space is structured with infinite layers or universes hierarchically. The innermost three layers include the universe that we live, the inside star-like and supermassive black holes called child universes, and the outside space called mother universe. The outermost layer is infinite in mass, radius, and entropy without an edge and limits to zero for both the matter density and absolute temperature. All layers are governed by the same physics and tend to expand physically in one direction (outward or the direction of increasing entropy). The expansion of a black hole universe decreases its density and temperature but does not alter the laws of physics. The black hole universe evolves iteratively and endlessly without a beginning. When one universe expands out, a new similar one is formed from inside star-like and supermassive black holes. In each of iterations, elements are resynthesized, matter is reconfigurated, and the universe is renewed rather than a simple repeat. The black hole universe is consistent with the Mach principle, observations, and Einsteinian general relativity. It has only one postulate but is able to explain all phenomena occurred in the universe with well-developed physics. The black hole universe does not need dark energy for acceleration and an inflation epoch for flatness, and thus has a devastating impact on the big bang model. In this talk, I will present how this new cosmological model explains the various aspects of the universe, including the origin, structure, evolution, expansion, background radiation, acceleration, anisotropy, quasars, gamma-ray bursts, nucleosynthesis, etc., and compares to the big bang model.

Unpacking "Health Reform" and "Policy Capacity": Comment on "Health Reform Requires Policy Capacity".

PubMed

Legge, David; Gleeson, Deborah H

2015-07-20

Health reform is the outcome of dispersed policy initiatives in different sectors, at different levels and across time. Policy work which can drive coherent health reform needs to operate across the governance structures as well as the institutions that comprise healthcare systems. Building policy capacity to support health reform calls for clarity regarding the nature of such policy work and the elements of policy capacity involved; and for evidence regarding effective strategies for capacity building. © 2015 by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.

Materials processing in space program tasks

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mckannan, E. C. (Editor)

1978-01-01

A list of active research tasks as of the end of 1978 of the Materials Processing in Space Program of the Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications, involving several NASA Centers and other organizations is reported. An overview of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university and government communities is provided. The program, its history, strategy and overall goal; the organizational structures and people involved; and each research task are described. Tasks are categorized by ground based research according to four process areas. Cross references to the performing organizations and principal investigators are provided.

Climbing the yeast cell wall.

PubMed

Cabib, Enrico

2017-02-25

Here is a life in three countries, with different cultures, different political structures and even different skies. The constant through all these changes is the addiction of the subject of this story to science and laboratory work. Perhaps the tale that unfolds here will show to some beginners in research that persistence, seasoned with a little luck, can bring results and satisfaction in the long run. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS 2017. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

A Study of Flexitime Effects in a Government Research Organization.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

report on new individually-worded initiating structure and consideration subscales. College of Administrative Science, The Ohio State University...the relatively new concept called "FLEXITIME." In its simplest form, this consists of two parts. The first part is a "core time," which is a band of...etc.) ’ 1,. 6:0 a m. -Winter p =m. 01pring am. Summer p]m7Responsibilities for children (In school, babysitter , etc.) El2i 6:00 a.m. - 2:30 p.m. i2 6

Seeing the community's perspective through multiple emic and etic vistas.

PubMed

Gaber, John

2017-12-01

Health impact assessment (HIA) researchers regularly use community input in their investigations to help them better understand local health issues. Community data is commonly associated with the lived experiences of local impacted residents known as 'emic' data. It is becoming more common practice for HIA researchers to access outside experts and stakeholders ('etic' data) during the community input phase of their investigations. Utilizing published international HIA data, I look at who HIA researchers invite when they seek to get 'community input' in their HIA investigations. The HIA database was generated from an internet investigation of published HIAs (in English) from 1999 to 2011 and focused particularly on single authored assessments that were conducted by governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or universities. HIA researchers access a wide range of emic and etic community perspectives in their search for the 'community's view'. Government, NGO and university investigators access community perspectives differently, with university HIA researchers inviting more emic-oriented community vistas than both government and NGO researchers. University and government HIA investigators are more likely to invite multiple emic and etic community perspectives during their community participation projects than NGO researchers. NGO HIA investigators tend to either invite emic perspectives or etic perspectives for their community input with less mixing of the two views in a single project. The paper concludes with a discussion on how HIA researchers can frame the 'community's perspective' in their HIA investigations through a combination of both 'insider' and 'outsider' community input sampling strategies. Published by Oxford University Press 2016. This work is written by a US Government employee and is in the public domain in the US.

Government Documents Departmental Operations Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilson, John S.; And Others

This manual for the operation and maintenance of the Government Documents Department at Baylor University's Moody Memorial Library is divided into 13 topical sections. The guide opens with the collection development policy statement, which covers the general collection, the maps division, and weeding government documents. Technical processing…

An Overview: NASA LeRC Structures Programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zaretsky, Erwin V.

1998-01-01

A workshop on National Structures Programs was held, jointly sponsored by the AIAA Structures Technical Committee, the University of Virginia's Center for Advanced Computational Technology and NASA. The Objectives of the Workshop were to: provide a forum for discussion of current Government-sponsored programs in the structures area; identify high potential research areas for future aerospace systems; and initiate suitable interaction mechanisms with the managers of structures programs. The presentations covered structures programs at NASA, DOD (AFOSR, ONR, ARO and DARPA), and DOE. This publication is the presentation of the Structures and Acoustics Division of the NASA Lewis Research Center. The Structures and Acoustics Division has its genesis dating back to 1943. It is responsible for NASA research related to rotating structures and structural hot sections of both airbreathing and rocket engines. The work of the division encompasses but is not limited to aeroelasticity, structural life prediction and reliability, fatigue and fracture, mechanical components such as bearings, gears, and seals, and aeroacoustics. These programs are discussed and the names of responsible individuals are provided for future reference.

Assessing the Effects of Service Quality of Government and Student Satisfaction in Education’s Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Purwaningsih, D.

2017-03-01

The aim of the research is to analyze how the service quality of Indonesian government affect student’s satisfaction in the education field. Data collection was conducted in September 2016 through distributing questionnaires to 132 students at private universities in south Tangerang city. Sampling used incidental sampling method, while data analysis is descriptive, qualitative and quantitative, which were analyzed with the Importance Performance Analysis. The survey results revealed that the satisfaction level of the students of South Tangerang good enough to service of the Government in higher education sector with a value of 83.61 using Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). Nevertheless, there are several factors that should be prioritized for immediate enhanced, namely: government’s ability to respond effectively to solve the problems in the academic world, fairness of the government in providing assistance to both state and private universities and attention of the government to higher education.

[Agreement between Lincoln University of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education and the Lincoln University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors ("LUC-AAUP").

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lincoln Univ., PA.

This document presents the agreement between Lincoln University of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education and the Lincoln University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors. Articles cover recognition, definitions, purpose of agreement, university administration, chapter service items, governance, no discrimination,…

In Search of Membership Satisfaction: The University Aviation Association (UAA) Survey

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1996-01-01

Most members of the University Aviation Association (UAA) are either college and university aviation educators, aviation industry professionals interested in collegiate aviation programs, or individuals from the government and aviation association se...

The role of internal duplication in the evolution of multi-domain proteins.

PubMed

Nacher, J C; Hayashida, M; Akutsu, T

2010-08-01

Many proteins consist of several structural domains. These multi-domain proteins have likely been generated by selective genome growth dynamics during evolution to perform new functions as well as to create structures that fold on a biologically feasible time scale. Domain units frequently evolved through a variety of genetic shuffling mechanisms. Here we examine the protein domain statistics of more than 1000 organisms including eukaryotic, archaeal and bacterial species. The analysis extends earlier findings on asymmetric statistical laws for proteome to a wider variety of species. While proteins are composed of a wide range of domains, displaying a power-law decay, the computation of domain families for each protein reveals an exponential distribution, characterizing a protein universe composed of a thin number of unique families. Structural studies in proteomics have shown that domain repeats, or internal duplicated domains, represent a small but significant fraction of genome. In spite of its importance, this observation has been largely overlooked until recently. We model the evolutionary dynamics of proteome and demonstrate that these distinct distributions are in fact rooted in an internal duplication mechanism. This process generates the contemporary protein structural domain universe, determines its reduced thickness, and tames its growth. These findings have important implications, ranging from protein interaction network modeling to evolutionary studies based on fundamental mechanisms governing genome expansion.

Creating an integrated clinical enterprise at the University of Kentucky: the emergence of UK HealthCare.

PubMed

Karpf, Michael; Perman, Jay; Lofgren, Richard; Melgar, Sergio; Butler, Frank; Day, Zed; Clark, Murray; Claypool, Joseph O; Gilbert, Peter; Gombeski, William; Higdon, Courtney M

2007-12-01

If the medical system in the United States is to change, as has been recommended, academic medical centers must, in fact, lead this change process. To prepare for the future, the University of Kentucky decided to move aggressively toward developing an integrated clinical enterprise branded as UK HealthCare, where leadership of the various components of the academic medical center make strategic and financial decisions together to achieve common organizational goals. The authors discuss senior leadership's development of the vision for the enterprise and the governance structure that was established to engage board members and faculty of the institution. They examine the rigorous strategic, facilities, financial, and academic planning that ensued, and the early successes achieved. The authors introduce some of the lessons learned by the organization during the emergence of UK HealthCare and describe the corporate structure and senior management team that was established to support the quick and efficient implementation of the planning strategies. It was this corporate structure and senior management team which has proven to be an effective agent of change and a key to the successful development of a truly integrated clinical enterprise.

The New Role of the JUAA in Japanese University Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shimizu, Kazuhiko; Baba, Masateru; Shimada, Koji

2000-01-01

Examines how evaluation by the Japanese University Accreditation Association (JUAA) can provide incentive to improve university governance, including research, education, management, staff development, curriculum, and admission policies. The underlying concept of university evaluation in Japan is a combination of self-monitoring and external…

Alternative Fuels Data Center

Science.gov Websites

Department of Economic and Community Affairs provides low-interest energy efficiency loans through its Local Government Energy Loan program to local governments and educational institutions. Eligible energy efficiency conversion costs. Local governments and public colleges and universities can borrow up to $350,000; K-12

Reflections on Tribal Governance in Montana.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weaver, Kenneth L., Ed.

This document discusses tribal governance as part of the "Native American Week" on Montana State University's Bozeman campus. The document contains a commissioned paper, a panel discussion, a speech, and a list of legal documents of tribal governments in Montana. The commissioned paper, "Federal Indian Policy: A Summary," by…

Governing University Strategy: Perceptions and Practice of Governance and Management Roles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rytmeister, Catherine

2009-01-01

Intertwined trends of massification, internationalisation and marketisation constitute and drive change in higher education at all levels. Consequences at the institutional level include: increased competition, adoption of corporate management forms, accrual of power to executive management, and greater emphasis on strategy. As Government policy…

An Act of Sovereignty: Governing Tribal Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crazy Bull, Cheryl; Lindquist, Cynthia; Gipp, David M.

2015-01-01

Governance at tribal colleges and universities (TCUs) affirms the connection between the sovereignty of tribal nations and regional accreditation standards. Shared governance, where faculty, administrators, and trustees all contribute to oversight and decision-making, is a central component at TCUs and has unique implications for tribal…

Contact Us

Science.gov Websites

Operations Technology Exchange Initiating Partnerships University Partners Government Partners Industry , boehman@umich.edu Government Leader Dr. David Gorsich Chief Scientist US Army RDECOM-TARDEC RDTA-S , Building 200A, MS 204 Warren, MI 48397-5000 586-282-7413, david.j.gorsich.civ@mail.mil Government Leader Dr

The States and the Reindustrialization of America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Babbitt, Bruce

1984-01-01

Assesses the evolving role of state governments in the reindustrialization of America, discussing recent changes in the American economy that have helped state/local governments move to the forefront in the formulation of industrial policy. Also considers the impact of industry, university, government, partnerships on elementary/secondary…

Building Public Governing Board Capacity: Suggestions and Recommendations to Governors and State Legislatures for Improving the Selection and Composition of Public College and University Board Members. AGB State Policy Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2013

2013-01-01

The challenges facing public higher education are placing new demands and pressures on colleges and universities and those responsible for their governance and leadership. As higher education seeks to negotiate these and other 21st-century changes, the role of its "guardians" in stimulating change, supporting purposeful leadership, and…

Building Public Governing Board Capacity through State-Level Education Programs for College and University Board Members. State Policy Brief

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges, 2013

2013-01-01

State policymakers and the public at large have a vested interest in the successful governance of their higher education system. The citizens who are appointed or elected to serve as trustees and regents of the state's colleges and universities oversee valuable public assets that they hold in trust for the state and current and future…

Historical and Heuristic Frameworks for Shared Governance in Academic Libraries: A Documentary History, Interpretation, and Questions for the Library Council and Others of the University of Maryland.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merikangas, Robert J.

This study examines the management practice of the libraries of the University of Maryland from October 1996 to spring 1999. The historical dimension focuses on the implementation of the recommendations of internal communication proposals and proposals for service organization changes. The promised move to shared governance is outlined, especially…

Afghanistan as a Federal System with Autonomous Regions

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-05-21

took place before any type of long-term government in Afghanistan was solidified. In 1927, the new self -appointed King Amanullah, embarked upon a...38 Scott Greer, Nationalism and Self -Government, (State University, NY, 2007) 2-3 19 people with differing...39 Greer, Nationalism and Self -Government, 3-4 40 Greer, Nationalism and Self -Government, 6 41 Henry Hale, “The Federal Option

Strategic Mobility 21: Integrated Tracking System Analysis and Concept Design

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-08-31

public and foreign nationals, companies, and governments , including adversary governments , and may be exported. c. This statement may not be used on...42 ii Integrated Tracking System Analysis & Concept Design LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Southern California Association of Governments ...conducted under the auspices of the California State University – Long Beach Foundation, a government -industry academic collaborative enterprise

Equality or Equity, Player or Guardian? The Dutch Government and Its Role in Providing Access Opportunities for Government Sponsored International Secondary Education, 1979-2009

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prickarts, Boris

2010-01-01

This article focuses on the Dutch government's International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) Pilot, allowing Dutch pre-university students to take part in the IB DP. Is it likely to create "equal", or rather "equitable", access opportunities for government-sponsored Dutch international secondary schools? The article…

Estimating financial resources for universal access to sexual reproductive health care: Evidence from two states in India.

PubMed

Rout, Sarit Kumar; Pradhan, Jalandhar; Choudhury, Sarmistha

2016-10-01

India has made insignificant progress towards achieving universal access to sexual and reproductive health (SRH). One of the key inputs for achieving universal access to SRH is financial resources. Given this, many international agencies including the UN are emphasising on monitoring the financial progress towards achieving SRH. To generate evidence on spending on SRH from various sources - (government, household, international donors and NGOs) to improve the accountability of the government towards SRH goal. Adapting a sub account framework of the NHA, this paper investigated the SRH expenditure of the two divergent states of India. The data were collected from government, households (NSSO), and foreign donors and were classified as per the International Classification of Health Accounts (ICHA). Total SRH expenditure is less than one percent of SGDP from all sources in each state. Among the sources, government's spending on SRH is more than household. A large part of household spending is on curative care which has implications for accessing services by the poor. In spite of data constraints, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis on SRH spending, which is critical for monitoring the commitment towards universal access to SRH. This evidence can be used for further improving data quality for RCH account in LMICs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Built to Be Excellent? The Aalto University Merger in Finland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tienari, Janne; Aula, Hanna-Mari; Aarrevaara, Timo

2016-01-01

In the Finnish higher education system, government steering and the interests of industry and business have come to focus on the impact of the university in society. In 2010, "Aalto University" was created in a merger of three universities representing different academic fields. The new university developed a forward-looking strategy,…

Research Performance of Australian Universities. Policy Note. Number 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Group of Eight (NJ1), 2012

2012-01-01

Go8 universities account for over two-thirds of the research undertaken at Australian universities. Go8 universities attract the highest levels of industry and competitive government grant funding for research. This paper presents an analysis of trends in research performance for Go8 and non-Go8 universities including research income as reported…

A Causal Relationship of Occupational Stress among University Employees

PubMed Central

KAEWANUCHIT, Chonticha; MUNTANER, Carles; ISHA, Nizam

2015-01-01

Background: Occupational stress is a psychosocial dimension of occupational health concept on social determinants of health, especially, job & environmental condition. Recently, staff network of different government universities of Thailand have called higher education commission, and Ministry of Education, Thailand to resolve the issue of government education policy (e.g. wage inequity, poor welfare, law, and job & environment condition) that leads to their job insecurity, physical and mental health problems from occupational stress. The aim of this study was to investigate a causal relationship of occupational stress among the academic university employees. Methods: This cross sectional research was conducted in 2014 among 2,000 academic university employees at Thai government universities using stratified random sampling. Independent variables were wage, family support, periods of duty, and job & environmental condition. Dependent variable was stress. Results: Job & environmental condition, as social and environmental factor, and periods of duty as individual factor had direct effect to stress (P< 0.05). Family support, as family factor, and wage, as individual factor had direct effect to stress (P < 0.05). Both family support and wage were the causal endogenous variables. Conclusion: Job & environmental condition and periods of duty were increased so that it associated with occupational stress among academic university employees at moderate level. PMID:26576371

Good governance and corruption in the health sector: lessons from the Karnataka experience.

PubMed

Huss, R; Green, A; Sudarshan, H; Karpagam, Ss; Ramani, Kv; Tomson, G; Gerein, N

2011-11-01

Strengthening good governance and preventing corruption in health care are universal challenges. The Karnataka Lokayukta (KLA), a public complaints agency in Karnataka state (India), was created in 1986 but played a prominent role controlling systemic corruption only after a change of leadership in 2001 with a new Lokayukta (ombudsman) and Vigilance Director for Health (VDH). This case study of the KLA (2001-06) analysed the:Scope and level of poor governance in the health sector; KLA objectives and its strategy; Factors which affected public health sector governance and the operation of the KLA. We used a participatory and opportunistic evaluation design, examined documents about KLA activities, conducted three site visits, two key informant and 44 semi-structured interviews and used a force field model to analyse the governance findings. The Lokayukta and his VDH were both proactive and economically independent with an extended social network, technical expertise in both jurisdiction and health care, and were widely perceived to be acting for the common good. They mobilized media and the public about governance issues which were affected by factors at the individual, organizational and societal levels. Their investigations revealed systemic corruption within the public health sector at all levels as well as in public/private collaborations and the political and justice systems. However, wider contextual issues limited their effectiveness in intervening. The departure of the Lokayukta, upon completing his term, was due to a lack of continued political support for controlling corruption. Governance in the health sector is affected by positive and negative forces. A key positive factor was the combined social, cultural and symbolic capital of the two leaders which empowered them to challenge corrupt behaviour and promote good governance. Although change was possible, it was precarious and requires continuous political support to be sustained.

CAEP 2015 Academic Symposium: Recommendations for University Governance and Administration for Emergency Medicine.

PubMed

Petrie, David; Chopra, Anil; Chochinov, Alecs; Artz, Jennifer D; Schull, Michael; Tallon, John; Jones, Gordon; MacPhee, Shannon; Ackerman, Margaret; Stiell, Ian G; Christenson, Jim

2016-04-05

1) To identify the strengths and challenges of governance structures in academic emergency medicine (EM), and 2) to make recommendations on principles and approaches that may guide improvements. Over the course of 9 months, eight established EM leaders met by teleconference, reviewed the literature, and discussed their findings and experiences to arrive at recommendations on governance in academic units of EM. The results and recommendations were presented at the annual Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) Academic Symposium, where attendees provided feedback. The updated recommendations were subsequently distributed to the CAEP Academic Section for further input, and the final recommendations were decided by consensus. The panel identified four governance areas of interest: 1) the elements of governance; 2) the relationships between emergency physicians and academic units of EM, and between the academic units of EM and faculty of medicine; 3) current status of governance in Canadian academic units of EM; and 4) essential elements of good governance. Six recommendations were developed around three themes, including 1) the importance of good governance; 2) the purposes of an academic unit of EM; and 3) essential elements for better governance for academic units of EM. Recommendations included identifying the importance of good governance, recognizing the need to adapt to the different models depending on the local environment; seeking full departmental status, provided it is mutually beneficial to EM and the faculty of medicine (and health authority); using a consultation service to learn from the experience of other academic units of EM; and establishing an annual forum for EM leaders. Although governance of academic EM is complex, there are ways to iteratively improve the mission of academic units of EM: providing exceptional patient care through research and education. Although there is no one-size-fits-all guide, there are practical recommended steps for academic units of EM to consider.

Modelling the implications of moving towards universal coverage in Tanzania.

PubMed

Borghi, Josephine; Mtei, Gemini; Ally, Mariam

2012-03-01

A model was developed to assess the impact of possible moves towards universal coverage in Tanzania over a 15-year time frame. Three scenarios were considered: maintaining the current situation ('the status quo'); expanded health insurance coverage (the estimated maximum achievable coverage in the absence of premium subsidies, coverage restricted to those who can pay); universal coverage to all (government revenues used to pay the premiums for the poor). The model estimated the costs of delivering public health services and all health services to the population as a proportion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and forecast revenue from user fees and insurance premiums. Under the status quo, financial protection is provided to 10% of the population through health insurance schemes, with the remaining population benefiting from subsidized user charges in public facilities. Seventy-six per cent of the population would benefit from financial protection through health insurance under the expanded coverage scenario, and 100% of the population would receive such protection through a mix of insurance cover and government funding under the universal coverage scenario. The expanded and universal coverage scenarios have a significant effect on utilization levels, especially for public outpatient care. Universal coverage would require an initial doubling in the proportion of GDP going to the public health system. Government health expenditure would increase to 18% of total government expenditure. The results are sensitive to the cost of health system strengthening, the level of real GDP growth, provider reimbursement rates and administrative costs. Promoting greater cross-subsidization between insurance schemes would provide sufficient resources to finance universal coverage. Alternately, greater tax funding for health could be generated through an increase in the rate of Value-Added Tax (VAT) or expanding the income tax base. The feasibility and sustainability of efforts to promote universal coverage will depend on the ability of the system to contain costs.

Exploring Societal Responses towards Managerial Prerogative in Entrepreneurial Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callagher, Lisa; Horst, Maja; Husted, Kenneth

2015-01-01

Society's expectations for an increased role in science agenda setting and greater returns on public science investments shift university management practices. Entrepreneurial university, new public management, and sociology of science literature's inform the changing expectations about the roles and norms that govern university management and…

Marshak Lectureship: The Turkish Accelerator Center, TAC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yavas, Omer

2012-02-01

The Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) project is comprised of five different electron and proton accelerator complexes, to be built over 15 years, with a phased approach. The Turkish Government funds the project. Currently there are 23 Universities in Turkey associated with the TAC project. The current funded project, which is to run until 2013 aims *To establish a superconducting linac based infra-red free electron laser and Bremsstrahlung Facility (TARLA) at the Golbasi Campus of Ankara University, *To establish the Institute of Accelerator Technologies in Ankara University, and *To complete the Technical Design Report of TAC. The proposed facilities are a 3^rd generation Synchrotron Radiation facility, SASE-FEL facility, a GeV scale Proton Accelerator facility and an electron-positron collider as a super charm factory. In this talk, an overview on the general status and road map of TAC project will be given. National and regional importance of TAC will be expressed and the structure of national and internatonal collaborations will be explained.

Typology of State-Level Community College Governance Structures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fletcher, Jeffrey A.; Friedel, Janice Nahra

2017-01-01

Despite having a well-documented history about community colleges across the United States, relatively few discussions have covered state-level governance structures. To understand the typology of state community college governance structures, it must first be recognized that community college governance is characterized as a complex web of…

First Steps in Government Documents: A Basic Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sears, Jean L.; Moody, Marilyn K.

Designed to aid users in locating materials in the government documents department at Miami University in Oxford Ohio, this guide contains general information on the documents collection, a floor plan of the documents department, an introduction to U.S. government document finding aids, an introduction to U.S. Congressional and legislative…

Student Government in the School Setting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ediger, Marlow

This paper discusses the need for a quality written constitution for student government. The thought process involved in implementing democracy in the university setting is outlined in 10 steps. Members of the student government need to realize the tremendous potential of using the democratic process to resolve disagreements. Each of the 10…

Government Action in Universities and Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Loftus, Elizabeth F.

The Federal Government seeks to achieve a multitude of objectives that concern the academic and scientific community. Setting aside the issue of whether the government should be regulating everything from birth control to rat control, and whether the regulations should be improved or clarified, a major question is: why piggyback the government…

Faculty Communication with Governing Boards

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tiede, Hans-Joerg

2013-01-01

College and university governance works best when every constituency within the institution has a clear understanding of its role with respect to the other constituencies. It works best when communication among the governing board, the administration, and the faculty (not to mention the staff and students) is regular, open, and honest. Too often…

7 CFR 1487.1 - What special definitions apply to the TASC program?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... organization, including, but not limited to, U.S. government agencies, State government agencies, non-profit trade associations, universities, agricultural cooperatives, and private companies. FAS—Foreign...

Tobacco control efforts in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: achievements and challenges.

PubMed

Hassounah, S; Rawaf, D; Khoja, T; Rawaf, S; Hussein, M S; Qidwai, W; Majeed, A

2014-08-19

This paper reports a review into the current state of tobacco use, governance and national commitment for control, and current intervention frameworks in place to reduce the use of tobacco among the populations of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states and Yemen. It further reviews structured policy-oriented interventions (in line with the MPOWER package of 6 evidence-based tobacco control measures) that represent government actions to strengthen, implement and manage tobacco control programmes and to address the growing epidemic of tobacco use. Our findings show that tobacco control in the GCC countries has witnessed real progress over the past decades. These are still early days but they indicate steps in the right direction. Future investment in implementation and enforcement of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, production of robust tobacco control legislation and the establishment of universally available tobacco cessation services are essential to sustain and strengthen tobacco control in the GCC region.

The changing pattern of higher education in England and Wales — The end of an era?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Watson, Keith

1989-09-01

During the past twenty years great changes have taken place in British higher education. During the 1980s these changes have been even more noticeable, so that by the middle of the 1990s the pattern and the ethos of British higher education will be very different from that prevailing in the 1970s. Not only have there been structural changes but there have also been concerns about autonomy and freedom, accountability and appraisal in the face of government demands for improved management efficiency, restrictions on tenure and alternative forms of finance. This paper analyses these changes in universities, polytechnics and teacher education colleges and traces the growing intervention on the part of government. It also seeks to draw out implications for other education systems facing the same pressures. A glossary of abbreviations and acronyms appears on p. 301.

Growth, Quantitative Growth Analysis, and Applications of Graphene on γ-Al2O3 catalysts

PubMed Central

Park, Jaehyun; Lee, Joohwi; Choi, Jung-Hae; Hwang, Do Kyung; Song, Yong-Won

2015-01-01

The possibilities offered by catalytic γ-Al2O3 substrates are explored, and the mechanism governing graphene formation thereon is elucidated using both numerical simulations and experiments. The growth scheme offers metal-free synthesis at low temperature, grain-size customization, large-area uniformity of electrical properties, single-step preparation of graphene/dielectric structures, and readily detachable graphene. We quantify based on thermodynamic principles the activation energies associated with graphene nucleation/growth on γ-Al2O3, verifying the low physical and chemical barriers. Importantly, we derive a universal equation governing the adsorption-based synthesis of graphene over a wide range of temperatures in both catalytic and spontaneous growth regimes. Experimental results support the equation, highlighting the catalytic function of γ-Al2O3 at low temperatures. The synthesized graphene is manually incorporated as a ‘graphene sticker’ into an ultrafast mode-locked laser. PMID:26137994

Microgravity Science and Applications Program tasks, 1987 revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

A compilation is presented of the active research tasks as of the end of the FY87 of the Microgravity Science and Applications Program, NASA-Office of Space Science and Applications, involving several NASA centers and other organizations. An overview is provided of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university, and government communities. An introductory description is provided of the program along with the strategy and overall goal, identification of the organizational structures and people involved, and a description of each task. A list of recent publications is also provided. The tasks are grouped into six major categories: Electronic Materials; Solidification of Metals, Alloys, and Composites; Fluid Dynamics and Transport Phenomena; Biotechnology; Glasses and Ceramics; and Combustion. Other categories include Experimental Technology, General Studies and Surveys; Foreign Government Affiliations; Industrial Affiliations; and Physics and Chemistry Experiments (PACE). The tasks are divided into ground based and flight experiments.

Policy space for health and trade and investment agreements.

PubMed

Koivusalo, Meri

2014-06-01

New trade agreements affect how governments can regulate for health both within health systems and in addressing health protection, promotion and social determinants of health in other policies. It is essential that those responsible for health understand the impacts of these trade negotiations and agreements on policy space for health at a national and local level. While we know more about implications from negotiations concerning intellectual property rights and trade in goods, this paper provides a screening checklist for less-discussed areas of domestic regulation, services, investment and government procurement. As implications are likely to differ on the basis of the organization and structures of national health systems and policy priorities, the emphasis is on finding out key provisions as well as on how exemptions and exclusions can be used to ensure policy space for health. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Microgravity Science and Applications Program tasks, 1988 revision

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1989-01-01

The active research tasks as of the end of the fiscal year 1988 of the Microgravity Science and Applications Program, NASA-Office of Space Science and Applications, involving several NASA centers and other organizations are compiled. The purpose is to provide an overview of the program scope for managers and scientists in industry, university, and government communities. Also included are an introductory description of the program, the strategy and overall goal, identification of the organizational structures and people involved, and a description of each task. A list of recent publications is provided. The tasks are grouped into six major categories: electronic materials; solidification of metals, alloys, and composites; fluid dynamics and transport phenomena; biotechnology; glasses and ceramics; and combustion. Other categories include experimental technology, general studies and surveys; foreign government affiliations; industrial affiliations; and Physics And Chemistry Experiments (PACE). The tasks are divided into ground-based and flight experiments.

Managing Relations with Industry: The Case of Brazilian Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lahorgue, Maria Alice

2005-01-01

For a long time, university-business relations were a matter of individual, informal and intermittent contacts. Once the innovation process picked up speed, businesses began asking more from universities (longer-term co-operative research, for example), and governments placed university-business interaction at the centre of their innovation…

Tuition Fees and the Demand for University Places

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neill, Christine

2009-01-01

Estimating the effect of tuition fee increases on demand for a university education is complicated by the potential endogeneity of tuition fees. The relative homogeneity of university tuition fees within Canadian provinces and the role of provincial governments in university funding and policies, provides an opportunity to use changes in the…

University-Business Partnerships: An Assessment. Issues in Academic Ethics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowie, Norman E.

This book examines the rapid growth of university-business partnerships during the 1980s, discussing the costs and benefits that business partnerships bring to American higher education. Part 1 traces the history of university-business partnerships in the 20th century, discusses the significance of government assistance for university-business…

Research Funding at Alberta Universities, 2000-2001 Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Innovation and Science, Edmonton. University Research and Strategic Investments Branch.

This report presents facts related to the funding of research at Alberta, Canada, universities. Data are provided by the universities, derived from audited financial schedules. Research at Alberta universities is supported in part by the provincial government through a number of programs. Sponsored research funding, funding received outside of…

Research Funding at Alberta Universities. 2001/2002 Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Innovation and Science, Edmonton. University Research and Strategic Investments Branch.

This report summarizes sponsored research revenues at Alberta Universities. Sponsored research revenues are those that are received outside of regular university operating grant and include both research grants and research contracts. Research at Alberta universities is supported in part by the provincial government through a number of programs.…

Investing for a Future: Client-Focused Australian Academic Libraries in the 1990s.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bundy, Alan

1997-01-01

Because government funding to Australia's universities is being cut, university libraries must publicize newly developed approaches to strategic planning and client-focused performance to ensure institutional investment. This article examines university library clients and the extent to which Australian universities have clients in mind when…

Hybrid Practices? Contributions to the Debate on the Mutation of Science and University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tuunainen, Juha

2005-01-01

This article reflects on current debate over transformations of scientific research and universities. Four well-known mutation theories (Mode-2 knowledge production, triple helix of university-industry-government relations, academic capitalism and enterprise university), and their recent critiques, are reviewed. It is suggested that a better…

Impacts of University Education Reform on Faculty Perceptions of Workload

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watanabe, Satoshi P.

2011-01-01

Since the corporatization of national universities, the environment surrounding Japanese universities has dramatically changed in various respects. A series of government-led attempts have intended to support the domestic colleges and universities in gaining a competitive edge by improving the quality of teaching and research as well as…

Knowing Your Partner: The Evolution of Brazilian Special Operations Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-08-01

Government Palace in Port au Prince, Haiti. (Photo courtesy Brazilian Army Special Operations Brigade) Bottom left: Members from the Navy Combat Divers...States Government , Department of Defense, United States Special Operations Command, the Joint Special Operations University, or the Government of...its people, its economy, its government , and Brazilian policy toward the United States. General Pinheiro then presents a history and overview of

On the scene: American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

PubMed

Mouro, Gladys; Tashjian, Hera; Daaboul, Tania; Kozman, Katia; Alwan, Farah; Shamoun, Anthony

2011-01-01

American University of Beirut Medical Center is the first Magnet hospital in the Middle East. In this article, authors reflect back on the journey to excellence, specifically in establishing shared governance in a challenging cultural and organizational milieu. Perspectives from nurses at different levels are included to highlight their experiences throughout the journey. Evolution of the organization's shared governance model is described and initiatives of the councils are illustrated.

Land-Grant Colleges & Universities: What They Are and the Relations of the Federal Government to Them. Bulletin, 1951, No. 15

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Office of Education, Federal Security Agency, 1951

1951-01-01

The land-grant colleges and universities in the United States are the result of a partnership of the States and the Federal Government. They represent an effort to provide a type of higher education within the reach of, and adapted to the needs of, the agricultural and industrial people of this country. They have played a very important part in…

State Education Governance Structures: 2017 Update. 50-State Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Railey, Hunter

2017-01-01

This 50-State Review provides an overview of governance structures in the states, as well as implications for practice, deep dives into four governance models and examples of other governance models. One appendix, State Education Governance Models by State, is included.

Changing roles of universities in the era of SDGs: rising up to the global challenge through institutionalising partnerships with governments and communities.

PubMed

El-Jardali, Fadi; Ataya, Nour; Fadlallah, Racha

2018-05-09

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development covers a wide range of interrelated goals, including poverty eradication and economic growth, social inclusion, environmental sustainability and peace for all people by 2030. Policy decisions to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) need to be informed by policy-relevant evidence co-designed and co-produced with the pertinent stakeholders, taking into consideration local and political contexts. Universities are uniquely placed to lead the cross-sectoral implementation of the SDGs and advance the 2030 agenda. This commentary provides the case for building, strengthening and institutionalising university partnerships with governments and communities to achieve the SDGs. The authors call for a change in mindsets and culture in both academia and government, and invite both parties to start the dialogue if we are to rise up to the global challenge.

Higher Education Reform in South Korea: Perspectives on the New University for Regional Innovation Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Choi, Sheena; Yeom, Minho

2010-01-01

The New University for Regional Innovation (NURI) is one of the South Korean Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development's key projects supporting regional universities. NURI aims to develop areas of specialization in regional universities and link universities to local industries. In 2004, the South Korean government pledged to invest…

The Strategically Manageable University: Perceptions of Strategic Choice and Strategic Change among Key Decision Makers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frølich, Nicoline; Stensaker, Bjørn; Scordato, Lisa; Bótas, Paulo Charles Pimentel

2014-01-01

One common way of conceptualising recent changes in university governance is by stating that the universities are being pushed towards a market-like setting where the uniqueness of each university's strategy and capacity for introducing organizational change is seen as necessary to improve the functioning of the university. We argue that the…

The Incorporation of National Universities in Japan: Initial Reactions of the New National University Corporations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oba, Jun

2005-01-01

In April 2004, all national universities, which had previously been legally subordinate to MEXT (Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture), were given a legal personality and became "National University Corporations". With this change, each national university now enjoys greater autonomy vis-a-vis the government in terms of how it uses…

State Structures for the Governance of Higher Education: Michigan Case Study Summary.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bracco, Kathy Reeves

This case study, part of the State Structures for the Governance of Higher Education study, focuses on governance and related issues in Michigan's higher education system. The study's overall purpose was to examine differences among states in their governance structures, and to determine if differences in performance were related to governing…

The flexibilization of employment relationships in the health sector: the reality in a Federal University Hospital in Brazil.

PubMed

Alves, Sheila Maria Parreira; Coelho, Maria Carlota de Rezende; Borges, Luiz Henrique; Cruz, César Albenes de Mendonça; Massaroni, Leila; Maciel, Paulete Maria Ambrósio

2015-10-01

This was a socio-historical study that aimed to analyze the repercussions of the flexibilization of labor relationships within a University hospital (UH) using the thematic oral history method and triangulation of sources made up of workers' statements, institutional documents and relevant literature. It was observed that flexibilization, driven by state reform in the 1990s, had a structural impact on the trajectory of this institution, that, due to government downsizing policy, adopted outsourcing to maintain staff, leading to high staff turnover, various types of conflicts, and discontinuity and lack of organization of work processes. We conclude that the flexibilization of employment relationships became a handicap for this UH, disrupting services, negatively affecting students and service users, contributing to the deterioration of working conditions and lack of protection of workers.

The Physics Entrepreneurship Program at Case Western Reserve University

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, Cyrus

2001-10-01

The Physics Entrepreneurship Program is a new, two-year Master's Program designed to empower physicists as entrepreneurs. Launched by the Dept. of Physics at Case Western Reserve University in close cooperation with the Weatherhead School of Management, the program is now in its second year. This innovative new program has already attracted important attention from the business community, including seed funding of a student launched venture, international press coverage, including an article in Business Week, and government interest, including an invitation to brief the Advisory Board of the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Division of the National Science Foundation. This talk will discuss the structure and content of the program, the lessons we are learning, and early indicators of success including a student-launched new business venture that has already secured more than $ 250,000 in seed funding.

Overview of the ACT program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Davis, John G., Jr.

1992-01-01

NASA's Advanced Composites Program (ACT) was initiated in 1988. A National Research Announcement was issued to solicit innovative ideas that could significantly contribute to development and demonstration of an integrated technology data base and confidence level that permits cost-effective use of composite primary structures in transport aircraft. Fifteen contracts were awarded by the Spring of 1989 and the participants include commercial and military airframe manufacturers, materials developers and suppliers, universities, and government laboratories. The program approach is to develop materials, structural mechanics methodology, design concepts, and fabrication procedures that offer the potential to make composite structures cost-effective compared to aluminum structure. Goals for the ACT program included 30-50 percent weight reduction, 20-25 percent acquisition cost reduction, and provided the scientific basis for predicting materials and structures performance. This paper provides an overview of the ACT program status, plans, and selected technical accomplishments. Sixteen additional papers, which provide more detailed information on the research and development accomplishments, are contained in this publication.

Analysis of health promotion and prevention financing mechanisms in Thailand

PubMed Central

Watabe, Akihito; Wongwatanakul, Weranuch; Thamarangsi, Thaksaphon; Prakongsai, Phusit; Yuasa, Motoyuki

2017-01-01

Summary In the transition to the post-2015 agenda, many countries are striving towards universal health coverage (UHC). Achieving this, governments need to shift from curative care to promotion and prevention services. This research analyses Thailand's financing system for health promotion and prevention, and assesses policy options for health financing reforms. The study employed a mixed-methods approach and integrates multiple sources of evidence, including scientific and grey literature, expenditure data, and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in Thailand. The analysis was underpinned by the use of a well-known health financing framework. In Thailand, three agencies plus local governments share major funding roles for health promotion and prevention services: the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), the National Health Security Office, the Thai Health Promotion Foundation and Tambon Health Insurance Funds. The total expenditure on prevention and public health in 2010 was 10.8% of the total health expenditure, greater than many middle-income countries that average 7.0–9.2%. MOPH was the largest contributor at 32.9%, the Universal Coverage scheme was the second at 23.1%, followed by the local governments and ThaiHealth at 22.8 and 7.3%, respectively. Thailand's health financing system for promotion and prevention is strategic and innovative due to the three complementary mechanisms in operation. There are several methodological limitations to determine the adequate level of spending. The health financing reforms in Thailand could usefully inform policymakers on ways to increase spending on promotion and prevention. Further comparative policy research is needed to generate evidence to support efforts towards UHC. PMID:26989011

Asserting the primacy of health over patent rights: a comparative study of the processes that led to the use of compulsory licensing in Thailand and Brazil.

PubMed

Rosenberg, Stephanie T

2014-08-01

Since the 1970s, the United States has adopted a trade policy agenda that has forced countries to trade away flexible patent provisions for access to US markets. While pharmaceutical companies have argued that the recognition of patent rights is essential for recovering investments in research and development of pharmaceuticals and incentivizing future innovation, the lack of competition has had damaging consequences for public health, as companies tend to set the prices of treatments beyond the reach of consumers and government programs. Thailand and Brazil are bound by law to provide universal access to anti-retroviral treatment (ART) to People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This has been made possible in part due to the universal health care systems in each country and the countries' local technical and industrial capacities that provide the government with affordable generic medicines. The introduction of stronger intellectual property protection laws however, has limited possibilities for procuring generic medicines and inflated the cost of treatment. Between 2006-2008, Thailand and Brazil used compulsory licensing to authorize generic competition against the consent of the pharmaceutical companies in order to guarantee the right to health and ensure the viability of government health budgets. This paper will demonstrate how the interaction between individual / collective action and structural and institutional elements in Thailand and Brazil produced propitious conditions for each country to assert the primacy of health over patent rights. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Taking It on Board: Quality Audit Findings for Higher Education Governance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baird, Jeanette

2007-01-01

An examination of the reports of quality audits of Australian universities is used to identify quality assurance issues which emerge as more or less important for governing bodies and academic boards respectively. For governing bodies, many issues identified in audit reports reflect established good practice, such as a need to evaluate the…

Government, Schools, Young People and Communities in Partnership

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Broadbent, Robyn; Papadopoulos, Theo

2010-01-01

Advance is a flexible, school-based program that provides young people with the opportunity to volunteer or implement a project of benefit to their communities. An evaluation of this partnership between a state government office for youth, government secondary schools and community organisations found that a universal program such as Advance could…

Curriculum Materials for Use with Grades K-12: A Bibliography of Government Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Diana J., Comp.

The Government Documents Collection of the Calvin T. Ryan Library of the University of Nebraska at Kearney contains a broad range of information on a variety of topics, including curriculum guides and materials. This bibliography gathers government documents of special interest to education students, practicing teachers, and teachers of adult…

Curriculum Materials for Use with Adult Groups: A Bibliography of Government Documents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Keith, Diana J., Comp.

The Government Documents Collection of the Calvin T. Ryan Library of the University of Nebraska at Kearney contains a broad range of information on a variety of topics, including curriculum guides and materials. This bibliography gathers government documents of special interest to education students, practicing teachers, and teachers of adult…

The Search for New Governance: Corporatisation and Privatisation of Public Universities in Malaysia and Thailand

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mok, Ka Ho

2007-01-01

This paper attempts to analyse how governments in Malaysia and Thailand have adopted indirect policy instruments along the lines of "corporatisation" and "privatisation" to reform higher education governance. By focusing on a few key issues related to changing state and education relationships and new regulatory arrangements…

Mainstreaming Microforms: The Physical Integration of U.S. Government Printing Office Microforms into the Documents Stacks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baber, Carolyn D.; Zink, Steven D.

1987-01-01

Discusses the increasing percentage of documents distributed only in microform by the Government Printing Office, and describes the strategy undertaken by the University of Nevada-Reno Libraries to mainstream these microforms into the government documents collection, thus encouraging their use by library patrons. (13 references) (Author/MES)

Governance for a New Era: A Blueprint for Higher Education Trustees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmidt, Benno C.

2014-01-01

"Governance for a New Era: A Blueprint for Higher Education Governance," is the product of a summit facilitated by ACTA [American Council of Trustees and Alumni] and chaired by Benno Schmidt, City University of New York Board chairman. Signatories to the statement, a diverse group of 22 distinguished national leaders, include college…

Corporate Governance: Can Universities Learn from the Private Sector?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henze, Raphaela

2010-01-01

Corporate governance has several objectives: growth, transparency, leadership, social responsibility and trust, as well as the protection of shareholders and company assets. It also plays a key role in determining a company's control environment. In this article, the author takes a closer look at corporate governance in the private sector,…

Few Governing Boards Engage in Sophisticated Financial Planning, Experts Say

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fain, Paul

2009-01-01

Financial stewardship by college governing boards too often stops at balancing the budget. That was the message two finance experts presented last week during the annual meeting of the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges. Furthermore, the yearly budget exercise can give trustees a misperception of their institutions'…

76 FR 47540 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-05

....S. Census Bureau. Title: 2011 Government Units Survey. OMB Control Number: 0607-0930. Form Number(s... Government Units Survey will be used to update the universe list of public sector entities for the 2012... questions on the form, and return the form. The directory survey for the 2007 Census of Governments, form G...