Stability Analysis of the Planetary System Orbiting Upsilon Andromedae

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lissauer, Jack J.; Rivera, Eugenio J.; DeVincenzi, Donald (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

We present results of long-term numerical orbital integrations designed to test the stability of the three-planet system orbiting Upsilon Andromedae and short-term integrations to test whether mutual perturbations among the planets can be used to determine planetary masses. Our initial conditions are based on the latest fits to the radial velocity data obtained by the planet-search group at Lick Observatory. The new fits result in significantly more stable systems than did the initially announced planetary parameters. An analytic analysis of the star and the two outer planets shows that this subsystem is Hill stable up to five. Our integrations involving all three planets show that the system is stable for at least 100 Myr for up to four. In our simulations, we still see a secular resonance between the outer two planets and in some cases large oscillations in the eccentricity of the inner planet.

A Measurement of the Charged and Neutral B Meson Lifetimes Using Fully Reconstructed Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

Data collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC are used to study the lifetimes of the B{sup 0} and B{sup +} mesons. The data sample consists of 7.4 fb{sup -1} collected near the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. B{sup 0} and B{sup +} mesons are fully reconstructed in several exclusive hadronic decay modes to charm and charmonium final states. The B lifetimes are determined from the flight length difference between the two B mesons which are pair-produced in the {Upsilon}(4S) decay. The preliminary measurements of the lifetimes are {tau}B{sup 0} = 1.506 {+-} 0.052 (stat) {+-} 0.029more » (syst) ps, {tau}B{sup +} = 1.602 {+-} 0.049 (stat) {+-} 0.035 (syst) ps, and of their ratio is {tau}B{sup +}/{tau}B{sup 0} = 1.065 {+-} 0.044 (stat) {+-} 0.021 (syst).« less

A Measurement of the Charged and Neutral B Meson Lifetimes Using Fully Reconstructed Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

Data collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC are used to study the lifetimes of the B{sup 0} and B{sup +} mesons. The data sample consists of 7.4 fb{sup {minus}1} collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance. B{sup 0} and B{sup +} mesons are fully reconstructed in several exclusive hadronic decay modes to charm and charmonium final states. The B lifetimes are determined from the flight length difference between the two B mesons which are pair-produced in the Upsilon(4S) decay. The preliminary measurements of the lifetimes are tau{sub B0} = 1.506 {+-} 0.052 (stat) {+-} 0.029more » (syst) ps, tau{sub B+} = 1.602 {+-} 0.049 (stat) {+-} 0.035 (syst) ps, and of their ratio is tau{sub B+}/tau{sub B0} = 1.065 {+-} 0.044 (stat) {+-} 0.021 (syst).« less

An Isoperimetric Inequality for Fundamental Tones of Free Plates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chasman, Laura

2009-01-01

We establish an isoperimetric inequality for the fundamental tone (first nonzero eigenvalue) of the free plate of a given area, proving the ball is maximal. Given tau greater than 0, the free plate eigenvalues omega and eigenfunctions upsilon are determined by the equation Delta Delta upsilon - tau Delta upsilon = omega upsilon together with…

Observation of Upsilon(3S)-->tau+tau- and tests of lepton universality in Upsilon decays.

PubMed

Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Gong, D T; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Zweber, P; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Ernst, J; Severini, H; Dytman, S A; Love, W; Savinov, V; Aquines, O; Li, Z; Lopez, A; Mehrabyan, S; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Yang, F; Coan, T E; Gao, Y S; Liu, F; Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Butt, J; Horwitz, N; Li, J; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Redjimi, R; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Zhang, K; Csorna, S E; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Briere, R A; Brock, I; Chen, J; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Rosner, J L; Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Berkelman, K; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ecklund, K M; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Galik, R S; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Meyer, T O; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Weinberger, M; Athar, S B; Patel, R; Potlia, V; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Cawlfield, C; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Kim, D; Lowrey, N; Naik, P; Sedlack, C; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Shepherd, M R

2007-02-02

Using data collected with the CLEO III detector at the CESR e+e- collider, we report on a first observation of the decay Upsilon(3S)-->tau+tau-, and precisely measure the ratio of branching fractions of Upsilon(nS), n=1, 2, 3, to tau+tau- and mu+mu- final states, finding agreement with expectations from lepton universality. We derive absolute branching fractions for these decays, and also set a limit on the influence of a low mass CP-odd Higgs boson in the decay of the Upsilon(1S).

Observation of $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ pair production in proton-proton collisions at $$\\sqrt{s} = $$ 8 TeV

DOE PAGES

Khachatryan, Vardan

2017-05-03

Here, pair production ofmore » $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ mesons is observed at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} = $$ 8 TeV by the CMS experiment in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.7 fb$$^{-1}$$. Both $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ candidates are fully reconstructed via their decays to $$\\mu^{+}\\mu^{- } $$. The fiducial acceptance region is defined by an absolute $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ rapidity smaller than 2.0. The fiducial cross section for the production of $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ pairs, assuming that both mesons decay isotropically, is measured to be 68.8 $$\\pm$$ 12.7 (stat) $$\\pm$$ 7.4 (syst) $$\\pm$$ 2.8 ($$\\mathcal{B}$$) pb, where the third uncertainty comes from the uncertainty in the branching fraction of $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ decays to $$\\mu^{+}\\mu^{-}$$. Assuming instead that the $$\\Upsilon(\\mathrm{1S})$$ mesons are produced with different polarizations leads to variations in the measured cross section in the range from $$-38\\%$$ to $$+36\\%$$.« less

Review of results from CESR (Cornell Electron Storage Ring) and DORIS (DOpple RIng Spiecher)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shibata, E.I.

1989-01-01

Selected results from e/sup +/e/sup /minus// colliding beam experiments operating in the ..sqrt..s approx. 10 GeV region are reviewed. Photon and ..pi pi.. transitions from the UPSILON(1S), UPSILON(2S), and UPSILON(3S) bound states have been used to study the spectroscopy of the b/bar b/ system. The UPSILON(4S), which decays almost exclusively to B/bar B/, has been used to search for rare exclusive decay modes of B mesons and to measure B/sup 0//bar B//sup 0/ mixing. Searches for the Higgs particle have been made in UPSILON and B decays. 43 refs., 13 figs., 2 tabs.

Fourfold Clusters of Rovibrational Energies in H2Te Studied With an Ab Initio Potential Energy Function

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jensen, Per; Li, Yan; Hirsch, Gerhard; Buenker, Robert J.; Lee, Timothy J.; Arnold, James O. (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

We report an ab initio investigation of the cluster effect (i.e., the formation of nearly degenerate, four member groups of rotation-vibration energy levels at higher J and K(sub a). values) in the H2Te molecule. The potential energy function has been calculated ab initio at a total of 334 molecular geometries by means of the CCSD(T) method where the (1s-4f) core electrons of Te were described by an effective core potential. The values of the potential energy function obtained cover the region up to around 10,000/cm above the equilibrium energy. On the basis of the ab initio potential, the rotation-vibration energy spectra of H2Te-130 and its deuterated isotopomers have been calculated with the MORBID (Morse Oscillator Rigid Bender Internal Dynamics) Hamiltonian and computer program. In particular, we have calculated the rotational energy manifolds for J less than or = 40 in the vibrational ground state, the upsilon(sub 2) state, the "first triad" (the upsilon(sub l)/upsilon(sub 3)/2upsilon(sub 2) interacting vibrational states), and the "second triad" (the upsilon(sub 1) + upsilon(sub 2/upsilon(sub 2) + upsilon(sub 3)/3upsilon(sub 2) states) of H2Te-130. We find that the cluster formation in H2Te is very similar to those of of H2Se and H2S, which we have studied previously. However, contrary to semiclassical predictions, we do not determine any significant displacement of the clusters towards lower J values relative to H2Se. Hence the experimental observation of the cluster states in H2Te will be at least as difficult as in H2Se.

Search for the rare leptonic decay B+-->mu(+)nu(mu).

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Couderc, F; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Morgan, S E; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Fritsch, M; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Layter, J; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spradlin, P; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Erwin, R J; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Bard, D J; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Dubitzky, R S; Langenegger, U; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Mohanty, G B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Hulsbergen, W D; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; Wilden, L; Jessop, C P; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Allmendinger, T; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Ter-Antonyan, R; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Anulli, F; Biasini, M; Peruzzi, I M; Pioppi, M; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Cristinziani, M; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Elsen, E E; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Satpathy, A; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Cossutti, F; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Lodovico, F Di; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H; Christinziani, B

2004-06-04

We have performed a search for the rare leptonic decay B+-->mu(+)nu(mu) with data collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II storage ring. In a sample of 88.4 x 10(6) BB pairs, we find no significant evidence for a signal and set an upper limit on the branching fraction B(B+-->my(+)nu(my))< 6.6 x 10(-6) at the 90% confidence level.

Distinct effect of actin cytoskeleton disassembly on exo- and endocytic events in a membrane patch of rat melanotrophs.

PubMed

Chowdhury, Helena H; Kreft, Marko; Zorec, Robert

2002-12-15

We used the cell-attached mode of patch-clamp technique to measure discrete attofarad steps in membrane capacitance (C(m)), reporting area changes in the plasma membrane due to unitary exocytic and endocytic events. To investigate the role of the actin cytoskeleton in elementary exocytic and endocytic events, neuroendocrine rat melanotrophs were treated with Clostridium spiroforme toxin (CST), which specifically depolymerises F-actin. The average amplitude of exocytic events was not significantly different in control and in CST-treated cells. However, the amplitude of endocytic events was significantly smaller in CST-treated cells as compared to controls. The frequency of exocytic events increased by 2-fold in CST-treated cells relative to controls. In control cells the average frequency of exocytic events (upsilon;(exo)) was lower than the frequency of endocytic events (upsilon;(endo)) with a ratio upsilon;(exo)/upsilon;(endo) < 1. In the toxin treated cells, the predominant process was exocytosis with a ratio (upsilon;(exo)/upsilon;(endo) > 1). To study the coupling between the two processes, the slopes of regression lines relating upsilon;(exo) and upsilon;(endo) in a given patch of membrane were studied. The slopes of regression lines were similar, whereas the line intercepts with the y-axis were significantly different. The increased frequency of unitary exocytic events in CST-treated cells is consistent with the view, that the actin cytoskeleton acts as a barrier for exocytosis. While the disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton diminishes the size of unitary endocytic events, suggesting an important role of the actin cytoskeleton in determining the size of endocytic vesicles, the coupling between exocytosis and endocytosis in a given patch of membrane was independent of the state of the actin cytoskeleton.

Interaction between alpha and upsilon-crystallin, common to the eye of the Australian platypus, by radical probe mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Issa, Samah; Downard, Kevin M

2006-10-01

The interaction between alpha-crystallin and upsilon-crystallin, a class recently discovered in the eye of the Australian platypus, has been shown by native shift gel assay and examined by radical probe mass spectrometry in the context of the ability of alpha-crystallin to protect upsilon-crystallin from oxidation and oxidative damage through radical-based oxidative stress mechanisms. Residues 22-41, 132-148, 212-227 and 245-264 of upsilon-crystallin display the greatest protection when interacted with alpha-crystallin at a ratio of 2 : 1 observed for the complex, which is commensurate with their levels measured in the eye of the platypus. Across each domain, a delay in the onset of oxidative damage is observed as the time of exposure to radicals is increased. The results are discussed in the context of the structure of the porcine homologue of upsilon-crystallin. Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Branching ratio measurements of B meson decays to J/psi meson eta meson kaon and charged B meson decays to neutral D meson charged kaon with neutral D meson decays to positive pion negative pion neutral pion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeng, Qinglin

Results are presented for the decays of B → J/psietaK and B+/- → DK+/-, respectively, with experimental data collected with BABAR detector at PEP-II, located at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). With 90 x 106 BB¯ events at the Upsilon(4S) resonance, we obtained branching fractions of B (B+/- → J/psietaK +/-) = [10.8 +/- 2.3(stat) +/- 2.4(syst)] x 10-5 and B (B0 → J/psieta K0S ) = [8.4 +/- 2.6(stat) +/- 2.7( syst)] x 10-5; and we set an upper limit of B [B+/- → X(3872) K+/- → J/psietaK +/-] < 7.7 x 10-6 at 90% confidence level. The branching fraction of decay chain B (B+/- → DK +/- → pi+pi-pi 0K+/-) = [5.5 +/- 1.0( stat) +/- 0.7(syst)] x 10-6 with 229 x 106 BB¯ events at Upsilon(4S) resonance, here D represents the neutral D meson. The decay rate asymmetry is A = 0.02 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) for this full decay chain. This decay can be used to extract the unitarity angle gamma, a weak CP violation phase, through the interference of decay production of D0 and D¯ 0 to pi+pi-pi 0.

The LSS 4300: A hot counterpart of Upsilon Sgr and KS Per?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drilling, J. S.; Schoenberner, D.

1983-01-01

A number of observations indicate that the star LSS 4300 is a high temperature analog of the hydrogen-deficient binaries upsilon Sgr and KS Per. A preliminary model-atmosphere analysis based on high-dispersion spectra obtained at Kitt Peak and Cerro Tololo yields T(eff) = 14,400 K, log(g) = 1.4, n(H)/n(He) = 0.003, and n(N)/n(C) = 20 (the corresponding values for upsilon Sgr are T(eff) = 10,000 K, log(g) = 1, n(H)/n(He) = 0.0005, and n(N)/n(C) = 20). The optical emission-line spectrum of LSS 4300 is nearly identical to that of upsilon Sgr, including strong, broad H alpha, FeII and Ca II emission. The ultraviolet spectrum of LSS 4300 was observed with IUE, and can be attributed almost entirely to the visible star. The JHKL photometry of LSS 4300 obtained at Cerro Tololo reveals an infrared excess nearly identical to that of upsilon Sgr. It is suggested that LSS 4300, like upsilon Sgr and KS Per, is a close binary system consisting of a helium supergiant of about one solar mass, and a secondary which is overluminous for its mass due to the accretion of matter from the primary, which is undergoing its second mass exchange.

The Impact of Star Formation Histories on Stellar Mass Estimation: Implications from the Local Group Dwarf Galaxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Hong-Xin; Puzia, Thomas H.; Weisz, Daniel R.

2017-11-01

Building on the relatively accurate star formation histories (SFHs) and metallicity evolution of 40 Local Group (LG) dwarf galaxies derived from resolved color-magnitude diagram modeling, we carried out a comprehensive study of the influence of SFHs, metallicity evolution, and dust extinction on the UV-to-near-IR color-mass-to-light ratio (color-{log}{{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ)) distributions and M ⋆ estimation of local universe galaxies. We find that (1) the LG galaxies follow color-{log}{{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) relations that fall in between the ones calibrated by previous studies; (2) optical color-{log}{{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) relations at higher [M/H] are generally broader and steeper; (3) the SFH “concentration” does not significantly affect the color-{log}{{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) relations; (4) light-weighted ages < {age}{> }λ and metallicities < [{{M}}/{{H}}]{> }λ together constrain {log}{{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) with uncertainties ranging from ≲0.1 dex for the near-IR up to 0.2 dex for the optical passbands; (5) metallicity evolution induces significant uncertainties to the optical but not near-IR {{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) at a given < {age}{> }λ and < [{{M}}/{{H}}]{> }λ ; (6) the V band is the ideal luminance passband for estimating {{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (λ) from single colors, because the combinations of {{{\\Upsilon }}}\\star (V) and optical colors such as B - V and g - r exhibit the weakest systematic dependences on SFHs, metallicities, and dust extinction; and (7) without any prior assumption on SFHs, M ⋆ is constrained with biases ≲0.3 dex by the optical-to-near-IR SED fitting. Optical passbands alone constrain M ⋆ with biases ≲0.4 dex (or ≲0.6 dex) when dust extinction is fixed (or variable) in SED fitting. SED fitting with monometallic SFH models tends to underestimate M ⋆ of real galaxies. M ⋆ tends to be overestimated (or underestimated) at the youngest (or oldest) < {age}{> }{mass}.

High-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy of the Meinel system of OH

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abrams, Mark C.; Davis, Sumner P.; Rao, M. L. P.; Engleman, Rolf, Jr.; Brault, James W.

1994-01-01

The infrared spectrum of the hydroxyl radical OH, between 1850 and 9000/cm has been measured with a Fourier transform spectrometer. The source, a hydrogen-ozone diffusion flame, was designed to study the excitation of rotation-vibration levels of the OH Meinel bands under conditions similar to those in the upper atmosphere which produce the nighttime OH airglow emission. Twenty-three bands were observed: nine bands in the Delta upsilon = 1 sequence, nine bands in the Delta upsilon = 2 sequence, and five bands in the Delta upsilon = 3 sequence. A global nonlinear least-squares fit of 1696 lines yielded molecular parameters with a standard deviation of 0.003/cm. Term values are computed, and transition frequencies in the Delta upsilon = 3, 4, 5, 6 sequences in the near-infrared are predicted.

A study of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B0->J/psiK0S and B0->psi(2S)K0S decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

We present a preliminary measurement of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in B{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi} K{sub S}{sup 0} and B{sup 0} {yields} {psi}(2S)K{sub S}{sup 0} decays recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. The data sample consists of 9.0 fb{sup -1} collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance and 0.8 fb{sup -1} off-resonance. One of the neutral B mesons, produced in pairs at the {Upsilon}(4S), is fully reconstructed. The flavor of the other neutral B meson is tagged at the time of its decay, mainly with the charge of identified leptons and kaons. A neural network taggingmore » algorithm is used to recover events without a clear lepton or kaon tag. The time difference between the decays is determined by measuring the distance between the decay vertices. Wrong-tag probabilities and the time resolution function are measured with samples of fully-reconstructed semileptonic and hadronic neutral B final states. The value of the asymmetry amplitude, sin2{beta}, is determined from a maximum likelihood fit to the time distribution of 120 tagged B{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi} K{sub S}{sup 0} and B{sup 0} {yields} {psi}(2S) K{sub S}{sup 0} candidates to be sin2{beta} = 0.12 {+-} 0.37(stat) {+-} 0.09(syst) (preliminary).« less

Measurement of the Upsilon (1S) Production Cross Section in Proton-Proton Collisions at Center of Mass Energy 7 TeV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Scherzer, Maxwell Ian

A measurement of the cross section for Upsilon(1S) production in proton-proton collisions at center of mass energy 7 TeV is presented. The measurement uses the Upsilon(1S) → mu+mu - decay mode and covers up to a transverse momentum of 26 GeV in two bins of rapidity; |yUpsilon(1 S)| < 1.2 and 1.2 < |y Upsilon(1S)| < 2.4. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 1.13 pb-1 , collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Templates derived from data are used to model the continuum background. In order to eliminate theoretical uncertainties due to the unknown polarization, the measurement is restricted to the case where both muons have a transverse momentum of pmu T > 4 GeV and a pseudorapidity |etamu| < 2.5. The results are compared to two theoretical predictions: they agree to within a factor of two with the PYTHIA implementation of NRQCD while disagreeing by up to a factor of ten with the color singlet model at next-to-leading order.

Complementarity and path distinguishability: Some recent results concerning photon pairs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shimony, Abner; Jaeger, Gregg

1994-01-01

Two results concerning photon pairs, one previously reported and one new, are summarized. It was previously shown that if the two photons are prepared in a quantum state formed from bar-A and bar-A' for photon 1 and bar-B and bar-B' for photon 2, then both one- and two-particle interferometry can be studied. If upsilon(sub i) is the visibility of one-photon interference fringes (i = 1,2) and upsilon(sub 12) is the visibility of two-photon fringes (a concept which we explicitly define), then upsilon(sub i) squared + upsilon(sub 12) squared is less than or equal to 1. The second result concerns the distinguishability of the paths of photon 2, using the known 2-photon state. A proposed measure E for path distinguishability is based upon finding an optimum strategy for betting on the outcome of a path measurement. Mandel has also proposed a measure of distinguishability P(sub D), defined in terms of the density operator rho of photon 2. We show that E is greater than or equal to P(sub D) and that upsilon(sub 2) = (1 - E(exp 2))exp 1/2.

Polarization in Quarkonium Production

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Russ, James S.

Production mechanisms for quarkonium states in hadronic collisions remain difficult to understand. The decay angular distributions of J/more » $$\\psi$$ or $$\\Upsilon(nS)$$ states into $$\\mu^+ \\mu^-$$ final states are sensitive to the matrix elements in the production process and provide a unique tool to evaluate different models. This talk will focus on new results for the spin alignment of $$\\Upsilon(nS)$$ states produced in $$p\\bar{p}$$ collisions at $$\\sqrt{s}$$ = 1.96 TeV using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 6.7 fb$$^{-1}$$. The angular distributions are analyzed as functions of the transverse momentum of the dimuon final state in both the Collins-Soper and the s-channel helicity frames using a unique data-driven background determination method. Consistency of the analysis is checked by comparing frame-invariant quantities derived from parametrizations of the angular distributions measured in each choice of reference frame. This analysis is the first to quantify the complete three-dimensional angular distribution of $$\\Upsilon(1S), \\Upsilon(2S)$$ and $$\\Upsilon(3S)$$ decays. The decays are nearly isotropic in all frames, even when produced with large transverse momentum.« less

Unfolding the prompt gamma ray spectra measured in a Lanthanum Bromide detector using GRAVEL method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

De, S.; Thomas, R. G.; Rout, P. C.; Suryanarayana, S. V.; Nayak, B. K.; Saxena, A.

2018-02-01

Prompt fission Upsilon -ray energy spectra in spontaneous fission of 252Cf has been measured using a 6'' LaBr3(Ce) detector. Unfolding of the measured Upsilon -ray energy spectra has been carried out using GRAVEL method. The response matrix of the detector has been simulated using GEANT4 and the unfolding of Upsilon -ray energy spectra for 60Co and 137Cs sources have been validated. This unfolding technique has then been applied to the prompt gamma spectra obtained from the spontaneous fission of 252Cf.

Review of Recent BABAR Results

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lista, L.

2004-12-02

We present a review of recent results from BaBar experiment. BaBar detector has collected about 256 millions of B{bar B} events at PEP-II, the asymmetric e{sup +}e{sup -} collider located at SLAC running at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. We have studied CP violation in B mesons, observing the first evidence of direct CP violation in B meson decays and measured CP asymmetries relevant for the determination of the angles of the CKM Unitarity Triangle. BaBar physics program covers many other topics, including measurements of CKM matrix elements, charm physics, and search for new physics processes.

Measurement of the absolute branching fraction of D0-->K-pi+.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Bona, M; Boutigny, D; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Poireau, V; Prudent, X; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Garra Tico, J; Grauges, E; Lopez, L; Palano, A; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Sun, L; Abrams, G S; Battaglia, M; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadyk, J A; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; Lopes Pegna, D; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Ronan, M T; Tackmann, K; Wenzel, W A; Del Amo Sanchez, P; Hawkes, C M; Watson, A T; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Schroeder, T; Steinke, M; Cottingham, W N; Walker, D; Asgeirsson, D J; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Fulsom, B G; Hearty, C; Knecht, N S; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Khan, A; Saleem, M; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Druzhinin, V P; Golubev, V B; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Todyshev, K Yu; Bondioli, M; Curry, S; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Lund, P; Mandelkern, M; Martin, E C; Stoker, D P; Abachi, S; Buchanan, C; Foulkes, S D; Gary, J W; Liu, F; Long, O; Shen, B C; Zhang, L; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, S; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Cunha, A; Dahmes, B; Hong, T M; Kovalskyi, D; Richman, J D; Beck, T W; Eisner, A M; Flacco, C J; Heusch, C A; Kroseberg, J; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Winstrom, L O; Chen, E; Cheng, C H; Dvoretskii, A; Fang, F; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Mishra, K; Sokoloff, M D; Blanc, F; Bloom, P C; Chen, S; Ford, W T; Hirschauer, J F; Kreisel, A; Nagel, M; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Smith, J G; Ulmer, K A; Wagner, S R; Zhang, J; Gabareen, A M; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Winklmeier, F; Zeng, Q; Altenburg, D D; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Jasper, H; Merkel, J; Petzold, A; Spaan, B; Wacker, K; Brandt, T; Klose, V; Lacker, H M; Mader, W F; Nogowski, R; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Sundermann, J E; Volk, A; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Latour, E; Lombardo, V; Thiebaux, Ch; Verderi, M; Clark, P J; Gradl, W; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Robertson, A I; Xie, Y; Andreotti, M; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cecchi, A; Cibinetto, G; Franchini, P; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Petrella, A; Piemontese, L; Prencipe, E; Santoro, V; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Pacetti, S; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Rama, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Contri, R; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Chaisanguanthum, K S; Morii, M; Wu, J; Dubitzky, R S; Marks, J; Schenk, S; Uwer, U; Bard, D J; Dauncey, P D; Flack, R L; Nash, J A; Nikolich, M B; Panduro Vazquez, W; Behera, P K; Chai, X; Charles, M J; Mallik, U; Meyer, N T; Ziegler, V; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Dong, L; Eyges, V; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Rubin, A E; Gritsan, A V; Guo, Z J; Lae, C K; Denig, A G; Fritsch, M; Schott, G; Arnaud, N; Béquilleux, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Lepeltier, V; Le Diberder, F; Lutz, A M; Pruvot, S; Rodier, S; Roudeau, P; Schune, M H; Serrano, J; Sordini, V; Stocchi, A; Wang, W F; Wormser, G; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Chavez, C A; Forster, I J; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Hutchcroft, D E; Payne, D J; Schofield, K C; Touramanis, C; Bevan, A J; George, K A; Di Lodovico, F; Menges, W; Sacco, R; Cowan, G; Flaecher, H U; Hopkins, D A; Jackson, P S; McMahon, T R; Salvatore, F; Wren, A C; Brown, D N; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Chia, Y M; Edgar, C L; Lafferty, G D; West, T J; Yi, J I; Anderson, J; Chen, C; Jawahery, A; Roberts, D A; Simi, G; Tuggle, J M; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Hertzbach, S S; Li, X; Moore, T B; Salvati, E; Saremi, S; Cowan, R; Fisher, P H; Sciolla, G; Sekula, S J; Spitznagel, M; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; McLachlin, S E; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Côté, D; Simard, M; Taras, P; Viaud, F B; Nicholson, H; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Lista, L; Monorchio, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; Snoek, H L; Jessop, C P; Losecco, J M; Benelli, G; Corwin, L A; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Morris, J P; Rahimi, A M; Regensburger, J J; Ter-Antonyan, R; Wong, Q K; Blount, N L; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Kolb, J A; Lu, M; Rahmat, R; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Strube, J; Torrence, E; Gagliardi, N; Gaz, A; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Pompili, A; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Voci, C; Ben-Haim, E; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; Del Buono, L; de la Vaissière, Ch; Hamon, O; Hartfiel, B L; Leruste, Ph; Malclès, J; Ocariz, J; Perez, A; Gladney, L; Biasini, M; Covarelli, R; Manoni, E; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Cenci, R; Cervelli, A; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Mazur, M A; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rizzo, G; Walsh, J J; Haire, M; Biesiada, J; Elmer, P; Lau, Y P; Lu, C; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Telnov, A V; Baracchini, E; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; D'Orazio, A; Del Re, D; Di Marco, E; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Jackson, P D; Li Gioi, L; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Polci, F; Renga, F; Voena, C; Ebert, M; Schröder, H; Waldi, R; Adye, T; Castelli, G; Franek, B; Olaiya, E O; Ricciardi, S; Roethel, W; Wilson, F F; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Escalier, M; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; de Monchenault, G Hamel; Kozanecki, W; Legendre, M; Vasseur, G; Yèche, Ch; Zito, M; Chen, X R; Liu, H; Park, W; Purohit, M V; Wilson, J R; Allen, M T; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Bechtle, P; Berger, N; Claus, R; Coleman, J P; Convery, M R; Dingfelder, J C; Dorfan, J; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Graham, M T; Grenier, P; Hast, C; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, H; Kim, P; Leith, D W G S; Li, S; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Macfarlane, D B; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Pulliam, T; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Snyder, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Suzuki, K; Swain, S K; Thompson, J M; Va'vra, J; van Bakel, N; Wagner, A P; Weaver, M; Wisniewski, W J; Wittgen, M; Wright, D H; Yarritu, A K; Yi, K; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Majewski, S A; Petersen, B A; Wilden, L; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Bula, R; Ernst, J A; Jain, V; Pan, B; Saeed, M A; Wappler, F R; Zain, S B; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Ritchie, J L; Ruland, A M; Schilling, C J; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Pelliccioni, M; Bomben, M; Bosisio, L; Cartaro, C; Cossutti, F; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Vitale, L; Azzolini, V; Lopez-March, N; Martinez-Vidal, F; Milanes, D A; Oyanguren, A; Albert, J; Banerjee, Sw; Bhuyan, B; Hamano, K; Kowalewski, R; Nugent, I M; Roney, J M; Sobie, R J; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Latham, T E; Mohanty, G B; Pappagallo, M; Band, H R; Chen, X; Dasu, S; Flood, K T; Hollar, J J; Kutter, P E; Pan, Y; Pierini, M; Prepost, R; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2008-02-08

We measure the absolute branching fraction for D(0)-->K(-)pi(+) using partial reconstruction of B(0)-->D(*+)Xl(-)nu(l) decays, in which only the charged lepton and the pion from the decay D(*+)-->D(0)pi(+) are used. Based on a data sample of 230 x 10(6) BB pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC, we obtain B(D(0)-->K(-)pi(+)) = (4.007+/-0.037+/-0.072)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.

Recent results from DORIS II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bloom, E.D.

1985-01-01

This report contains a brief review of recent results from the ARGUS and Crystal Ball experiments at DORIS II, concentrating on UPSILON(1S) and UPSILON(2S) spectroscopy with a short foray into ..gamma gamma.. physics. 18 refs., 10 figs.

Grounded Eyes on Distant Watery Skies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kohler, Susanna

2017-08-01

What can we learn about exoplanets from high-resolution, ground-based observations? A new view of the nearby upsilon Andromedae system has revealed a great deal about the systems closest-in exoplanet including the presence of water vapor in its atmosphere.Search for WobblesIllustration of how spectral lines shift when observing two objects that orbit each other. Click here to see a simulation of this process. [R. Pogge, OSU]The upsilon Andromedae system is located roughly 44 light-years from Earth. In 1997, a hot Jupiter exoplanet was discovered orbiting the primary star, and more planets were found not long after making this the first multiple-planet system discovered around a main-sequence star.These planets, however, were not discovered due to transits; their orbital planes are not aligned with our line of sight to the star. Instead, the hiddenplanets were first detected via the stars spectrum. The radial velocity method of detecting exoplanets searches for telltale periodic shifts of a stars spectral lines, which are induced by the orbiting planets gravitational tugs.In recent years, ground-based spectroscopy has become ever more powerful; thus revisiting old systems with higher resolution instruments can often open a whole new world of data to us. In the case of a recent study, a team of astronomers led by Danielle Piskorz (California Institute of Technology) revisited upsilon Andromedae with the high-resolution Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRSPEC) at the Keck telescope in Hawaii. Their goal: to gather data about upsilon Andromedae b, the closest-in planet in the system.Top-down schematic of the orbit of upsilon Andromedae b around its star and the location in the orbit of the authors observations. [Piskorz et al. 2017]An Unusual ArchitecturePiskorz and collaborators obtained 13 different sets of observations of upsilon Andromedae with NIRSPEC across three different wavelength bands. By treating the starplanet system as though it were a spectroscopic binary, the authorshigh-resolution observations allowed them to resolve not only the stellar spectrum, but also the spectral lines fromthe hot Jupiter exoplanet itself.Obtaining a thermal spectrum of the planet permitted the team to break the usual observational degeneracy that occurs with exoplanet observations: they were able to disentangle the planet mass and its orbital inclination angle. Piskorz and collaborators found that the planet is roughly 1.7 Jupiter masses and its orbit is inclined 24 relative to our line of sight.Artists illustration of the closest three planets in the upsilon Andromedae system. The system also has a distant red-dwarf binary companion, as well as a possible fourth planet. [NASA/ESA/A. Feild (STScI)]These measurements of the orbital structure of upsilon Andromedae are critical for understanding this unusual system. With non-coplanar planets and a distant red-dwarf companion, the upsilon Andromedae system has long been suspected to lie on the precipice of instability. The new measurements of upsilon Andromeda bs orbital properties will help us to better understand how the system may have formed, evolved, and survived to today.Water FoundOne of the biggest benefits of spectroscopy of an exoplanet is the potentialto learn about its atmospheric composition. Using their NIRSPEC observations of upsilon Andromedae b and detailed atmospheric modeling, Piskorz and collaborators found that the planets opacity structure is dominated by water vapor at the wavelengths they probed.This detection of water vapor in upsilon Andromedae bs atmosphere and the constraints on the planets orbital properties demonstrate the power and potential of ground-based, high-resolution spectroscopy for characterizing exoplanets and constraining the architecture of distantsolar systems.CitationDanielle Piskorz et al 2017 AJ 154 78. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa7dd8

Electronic transition moment for the B(2)II-X(2)II system of NO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Luque, Jorge; Crosley, David R.

1995-01-01

The upsilon' = 0-3 and 7 vibrational levels of the NO B(2)II state have been selectively excited by laser radiation. The fluorescence spectra together with calculated Franck-Condon factors and r-centroids have been used to evaluate the electronic transition moment. The results for upsilon' = 0-3 are in very good agreement with recent chemiluminescence measurements and ab initio calculations. Furthermore, the data from upsilon' = 7 have been used to extend the empirically determined moment to limits 1.23 and 1.78 A, improving agreement with experimentally determined lifetimes.

Realization of Cohen-Glashow very special relativity on noncommutative space-time.

PubMed

Sheikh-Jabbari, M M; Tureanu, A

2008-12-31

We show that the Cohen-Glashow very special relativity (VSR) theory [A. G. Cohen and S. L. Glashow, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 021601 (2006)] can be realized as the part of the Poincaré symmetry preserved on a noncommutative Moyal plane with lightlike noncommutativity. Moreover, we show that the three subgroups relevant to VSR can also be realized in the noncommutative space-time setting. For all of these three cases, the noncommutativity parameter theta(mu upsilon) should be lightlike (theta(mu upsilon) theta mu upsilon = 0). We discuss some physical implications of this realization of the Cohen-Glashow VSR.

Studies of molecular physics in sodium-potassium: An analysis of the 4(3)Sigma+ state and interactions between the 2(A)(1)Sigma+ and 1(b)(3)Pi states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burns, Patrick

2004-12-01

In this dissertation we report the results of three experiments designed to provide new information on the structure and interactions of the NaK molecule. Specifically these experiments investigate 2(A)1Sigma +(upsilonA, J) + M → 1(b)3 pi0(upsilonb, J) + M collisional excitation transfers (where M is a collision partner), hyperfine structure of the NaK 1(b)3pi and 1(b)3pi0 ˜ 2(A)1Sigma+ spin-orbit interactions, and the structure and spectra of the NaK 43Sigma+ state, respectively. In this first experiment, populations of collisionally populated levels were recorded near the NaK 1(b)3pi0(upsilon =18, J = 44) ˜ 2(A)1Sigma+ (upsilon = 20, J = 44) center of spin-orbit perturbation. Our data indicate that population is transferred from the pumped level, 2(A) 1Sigma+(upsilon = 20, J = 49), directly to the surrounding "daughter" levels [1(b)3Sigma 0(upsilon =18, J = 45--48) and 2(A)1Sigma +(upsilon = 20, J = 45--48)]. The relative populations of the daughter levels appear anomalous, as their populations do not monotonically decrease for levels further away in energy from the pumped level. We have measured the hyperfine structure of mutually perturbing ro-vibrational levels of the 1(b)3pi0 and 2(A)1Sigma + states of the NaK molecule, using the PFOODR method with co-propagating lasers. Unperturbed 1(b)3pi0 levels are split into four hyperfine components by the Fermi contact interaction b FI·S. Mixing between the 1(b)3pi0 and 2(A)1Sigma + levels imparts hyperfine structure to the nominally singlet component, and reduces the hyperfine splitting of the nominally triplet component, of the perturbed levels. We determined a value for the Fermi constant, bF= (0.00989 +/- 0.00027) cm-1, and the magnitude of the electronic part of the 1(b)3pi 0 ˜ 2(A)1Sigma+ spin-orbit coupling, |Hel| = (15.65 +/- 0.14) cm-1 , from an analysis of the measured hyperfine splittings of the mixed singlet-triplet levels. High-resolution spectra have been observed for numerous vibrational-rotational levels (upsilon, N) of the 43Sigma + state of NaK. A potential curve was obtained from the data using the inverse perturbation approximation method. Measured bound-free emission, 43Sigma+ → 1(a)3Sigma +, was used to determine both the absolute vibrational numbering and the transition dipole moment function M(R). Each (upsilon, N) level is typically split into three sets of sublevels by the Fermi contact interaction bFI·S. Further splitting (of order 0.004 cm-1) has been attributed to the spin-rotation interaction gammaN·S. The values of bF that fit the data best are ˜(0.99 +/- 0.04) x 10-2 cm-1, with weak dependence on upsilon. The best fit values of gamma are in the range 1--6 x 10-4 cm-1 and depend strongly on upsilon.

Geophysical searches for three-neutrino oscillations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cudell, J. R.; Gaisser, T. K.

1985-01-01

The possibilities of using cosmic ray induced neutrinos to detect oscillations in deep underground experiments were considered. The matter effects are nonnegligible in the two neutrino case, they reduce a mixing angle of 45 deg to 7.5 deg for 1 GeV neutrinos of squared mass difference 10/4 eV59 going through the Earth making the oscillation totally unobservable. They produce a natural oscillation length of about 6000 km in the case of massless neutrinos. Adding a third neutrino flavor considerably modifies the oscillation pattern and suggests that scales down to 5 x 10/5 eV could be observed even when we take into account matter effects and the electron contribution to the incoming flux. The effect of matter on the probability curves for different cases are shown by varying the masses and the mixing matrix. The ratio upward upsilon + upsilon/downward upsilon + upsilon as a function of the zenith angle at Cleveland, neglecting angular smearing and energy threshold effects is predicted.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Disk of {upsilon} Sgr (Netolicky+, 2009)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Netolicky, M.; Bonneau, D.; Chesneau, O.; Harmanec, P.; Koubsky, P.; Mourard, D.; Stee, P.

2010-01-01

The aim of this paper is to determine the properties of the dusty environment of the hydrogen-deficient binary system upsilon Sgr, whose binary properties and other characteristics are poorly known. We obtained the first mid-IR interferometric observations of upsilon Sgr using the instrument MIDI of the VLTI used with different pairs of 1.8m and 8m telescopes. The calibrated visibilities, the N band spectrum, and the SED were compared with disk models computed with the MC3D code to determine the geometry and chemical composition of the envelope. ************************************************************************** * * * Sorry, but the author(s) never supplied the tabular material * * announced in the paper * * * **************************************************************************

Nucleon decay and atmospheric neutrinos in the Mont Blanc experiment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Battistoni, G.; Bellotti, E.; Bologne, G.; Campana, P.; Castagnoli, C.; Chiarella, V.; Ciocio, A.; Cundy, D. C.; Dettorepiazzoli, B.; Fiorini, E.

1985-01-01

In the NUSEX experiment, during 2.8 years of operation, 31 fully contained events have been collected; 3 among them are nucleon decay candidates, while the others have been attributed to upsilon interactions. Limits on nucleon lifetime and determinations of upsilon interaction rates are presented.

The Dissociative Recombination of OH(+)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Guberman, Steven L.

1995-01-01

Theoretical quantum chemical calculations of the cross sections and rates for the dissociative recombination of the upsilon = 0 level of the ground state of OH(+) show that recombination occurs primarily along the 2 (2)Pi diabatic route. The products are 0((1)D) and a hot H atom with 6.1 eV kinetic energy. The coupling to the resonances is very small and the indirect recombination mechanism plays only a minor role. The recommended value for the rate coefficient is (6.3 +/- 0.7) x 10(exp -9)x (T(e)/1300)(exp -0.48) cu.cm/s for 10 less than T(e) less than 1000 K.

Observation of a resonancelike structure in the pi +- psi' mass distribution in exclusive B-->Kpi +- psi' decays.

PubMed

Choi, S-K; Olsen, S L; Adachi, I; Aihara, H; Aulchenko, V; Aushev, T; Aziz, T; Bakich, A M; Balagura, V; Bedny, I; Bitenc, U; Bondar, A; Bozek, A; Bracko, M; Brodzicka, J; Browder, T E; Chang, P; Chao, Y; Chen, A; Chen, K-F; Chen, W T; Cheon, B G; Chistov, R; Choi, Y; Dalseno, J; Danilov, M; Dash, M; Eidelman, S; Gabyshev, N; Golob, B; Haba, J; Hara, T; Hayasaka, K; Hayashii, H; Hazumi, M; Heffernan, D; Hoshi, Y; Hou, W-S; Hyun, H J; Iijima, T; Inami, K; Ishikawa, A; Ishino, H; Itoh, R; Iwasaki, M; Iwasaki, Y; Kah, D H; Kang, J H; Katayama, N; Kawai, H; Kawasaki, T; Kichimi, H; Kim, H O; Kim, S K; Kim, Y J; Kinoshita, K; Krizan, P; Krokovny, P; Kumar, R; Kuo, C C; Kuzmin, A; Kwon, Y-J; Lange, J S; Lee, J S; Lee, M J; Lee, S E; Lesiak, T; Limosani, A; Lin, S-W; Liu, Y; Liventsev, D; Mandl, F; Matyja, A; McOnie, S; Medvedeva, T; Mitaroff, W; Miyabayashi, K; Miyake, H; Miyata, H; Miyazaki, Y; Mizuk, R; Moloney, G R; Nakano, E; Nakao, M; Nishida, S; Nitoh, O; Nozaki, T; Ogawa, S; Ohshima, T; Okuno, S; Ozaki, H; Pakhlov, P; Pakhlova, G; Park, C W; Park, H; Peak, L S; Pestotnik, R; Piilonen, L E; Sahoo, H; Sakai, Y; Schneider, O; Schwartz, A J; Senyo, K; Shapkin, M; Shen, C P; Shibuya, H; Shwartz, B; Singh, J B; Somov, A; Stanic, S; Staric, M; Sumiyoshi, T; Suzuki, S Y; Takasaki, F; Tamai, K; Tanaka, M; Teramoto, Y; Tikhomirov, I; Uehara, S; Uglov, T; Unno, Y; Uno, S; Urquijo, P; Varner, G; Vervink, K; Villa, S; Wang, C H; Wang, M-Z; Wang, P; Wang, X L; Watanabe, Y; Wedd, R; Won, E; Yabsley, B D; Yamashita, Y; Yuan, C Z; Zhang, Z P; Zhulanov, V; Zupanc, A; Zyukova, O

2008-04-11

A distinct peak is observed in the pi +/- psi' invariant mass distribution near 4.43 GeV in B-->K pi +/- psi' decays. A fit using a Breit-Wigner resonance shape yields a peak mass and width of M=4433+/-4(stat)+/-2(syst) MeV and Gamma=45-13+18(stat)-13+30(syst) MeV. The product branching fraction is determined to be B(B 0-->K -/+Z+/-(4430)) x B(Z+/-(4430)-->pi+/-psi')=(4.1+/-1.0(stat)+/-1.4(syst)) x 10(-5), where Z+/-(4430) is used to denote the observed structure. The statistical significance of the observed peak is 6.5 sigma. These results are obtained from a 605 fb(-1) data sample that contains 657 x 10(6) BB pairs collected near the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+ e- collider.

Search for lepton flavor violation in upsilon decays.

PubMed

Love, W; Savinov, V; Lopez, A; Mehrabyan, S; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Hu, D; Moziak, B; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Yang, F; Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Horwitz, N; Khalil, S; Li, J; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Naik, P; Briere, R A; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Rosner, J L; Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Berkelman, K; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Galik, R S; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Mohapatra, D; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Athar, S B; Patel, R; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Cawlfield, C; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Kim, D; Lowrey, N; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Mitchell, R E; Shepherd, M R; Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Zweber, P; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Ecklund, K M

2008-11-14

In this Letter, we describe a search for lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the bottomonium system. We search for leptonic decays Upsilon(nS)-->mutau (n=1, 2, and 3) using the data collected with the CLEO III detector. We identify the tau lepton using its leptonic decay nu_{tau}nu[over ]_{e}e and utilize multidimensional likelihood fitting with probability density function shapes measured from independent data samples. We report our estimates of 95% C.L. upper limits on LFV branching fractions of Upsilon mesons. We interpret our results in terms of the exclusion plot for the energy scale of a hypothetical new interaction versus its effective LFV coupling in the framework of effective field theory.

Improved Limits on Gamma-Ray Burst Repetition from BATSE

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tegmark, Max; Hartmann, Dieter H.; Briggs, Michael S.; Hakkila, Jon; Meegan, Charles A.

1996-01-01

We tighten previous upper limits on gamma-ray burst repetition by analyzing the angular power spectrum of the BATSE 3B catalog of 1122 bursts. At 95% confidence, we find that no more than 2% of all observed bursts can be labeled as repeaters, even if no sources are observed to repeat more than once. If a fraction f of all observed bursts can be labeled as repeaters that are observed to burst upsilon times each, then all models with (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.05 are ruled out at 99% confidence, as compared to the best previous 99% limit (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.27. At 95% confidence, our new limit is (upsilon - 1)f greater than or equal to 0.02. Thus, even a cluster of six events from a single source would have caused excess power above that present in the 3B catalog. We conclude that the current BATSE data are consistent with no repetition of classical gamma-ray bursts and that any repeater model is severely constrained by the near-perfect isotropy of their angular distribution.

Observational constraints on disc galaxy formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Syer, D.; Mao, Shude; Mo, H. J.

1999-04-01

We use data from the literature to constrain theoretical models of galaxy formation. We show how to calculate the dimensionless spin parameter lambda of the haloes of disc galaxies, and we compare the distribution of lambda with that observed in cosmological N-body simulations. The agreement is excellent, which provides strong support for the hierarchical picture of galaxy formation. Assuming only that the radial surface density distribution of discs is exponential, we estimate crudely the maximum-disc mass-to-light ratio in the I band, and obtain < Upsilon_I> <~ 3.56 h, for a Hubble constant of 100 h km s^-1 Mpc^-1. We discuss this result and its limitations in relation to other independent determinations of Upsilon_I. We also define a dimensionless form of the Tully-Fisher relation, and use it to derive a value of the baryon fraction in disc galaxies; the median value is m_d = 0.084 (Upsilon_I3.56 h). Assuming that the gas fraction in galactic haloes is at most as large as that in clusters, we also conclude that < Upsilon_I> <~ 2.56 h^-1/2.

The Relationship between the Perception and Production of Coarticulation during a Sound Change in Progress

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kleber, Felicitas; Harrington, Jonathan; Reubold, Ulrich

2012-01-01

The present study is concerned with lax /[upsilon]/-fronting in Standard British English and in particular with whether this sound change in progress can be attributed to a waning of the perceptual compensation for the coarticulatory effects of context. Younger and older speakers produced various monosyllables in which /[upsilon]/ occurred in…

Detection of the YORP effect in asteroid (1620) Geographos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Durech, J.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Kaasalainen, M.; Higgins, D.; Krugly, Yu. N.; Gaftonyuk, N. M.; Shevchenko, V. G.; Chiorny, V. G.; Hamanowa, H.; Hamanowa, H.; Reddy, V.; Dyvig, R. R.

2008-10-01

Aims: The rotation state of small asteroids is affected by the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) torque. The directly observable consequence of the YORP effect is the secular change of the asteroid's rotation period. We carried out new photometric observations of asteroid (1620) Geographos in 2008 to extend the time line that, if long enough, would enable us to see possible deviations from a constant period rotation. Methods: We used the lightcurve inversion method to model the shape and spin state of Geographos. We assumed that the rotation rate evolves in time as ω(t) = ω0 + \\upsilon t, where both the constant term of the rotation rate ω0 and the linear term \\upsilon are parameters to be optimized. In total, we used 94 lightcurves observed in 1969-2008. Results: We show that for \\upsilon = 0, a constant-period model, the whole dataset of lightcurves cannot be satisfactorily fitted. However, when relaxing \\upsilon in the optimization process we obtain an excellent agreement between the model and observations. The best-fit value \\upsilon = (1.15 ± 0.15) × 10-8 rad d-2 implies that Geographos' rotation rate accelerates by ≃2.7 ms yr-1. This is in agreement with the theoretically predicted value 1.4 × 10-8 rad d-2 obtained from numerical integration of YORP torques acting on our convex shape model. Geographos is only the third asteroid (after (1862) Apollo and (54509) YORP) for which the YORP effect has been detected. It is also the largest object for which effects of thermal torques were revealed.

Associated {Upsilon}+{gamma} production at the LHC in the k{sub t}-factorization approach

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Baranov, S. P.

In the framework of the k{sub t}-factorization approach, the photon-associated production of {Upsilon} mesons at the present-day LHC conditions is studied. The differential cross sections and polarization parameters are calculated in the ''helicity'' and Collins-Soper systems. Special attention is paid to the effect of experimental cuts that can dramatically change the visible lepton angular distributions.

RXTE Observations of Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1547.0-5408 During and After its 2008 and 2009 Outbursts

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dib, Rim; Kaspi, Victoria M.; Scholz, Paul; Gavriil, Fotis P.

2012-01-01

We present the results of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and Swift monitoring observations of the magnetar 1E 1547.0-5408 following the pulsar's radiative outbursts in 2008 October and 2009 January. We report on a study of the evolution of the timing properties and the pulsed flux from 2008 October 4 through 2009 December 26. In our timing study, a phase-coherent analysis shows that for the first 29 days following the 2008 outburst, there was a very fast increase in the magnitude of the rotational frequency derivative upsilon-dot, such that upsilon-dot-dot was a factor of 60 larger than that reported in data from 2007. This upsilon-dot magnitude increase occurred in concert with the decay of the pulsed flux following the start of the 2008 event. Following the 2009 outburst, for the first 23 days, upsilon-dot-dot was consistent with zero, and upsilon-dot had returned to close to its 2007 value. In contrast to the 2008 event, the 2009 outburst showed a major increase in persistent flux, relatively little change in the pulsed flux, and sudden significant spectral hardening approx 15 days after the outburst. We show that, excluding the month following each of the outbursts, and because of the noise and the sparsity in the data, multiple plausible timing solutions fit the pulsar's frequency behavior. We note similarities in the behavior of 1E 1547.0-5408 following the 2008 outburst to that seen in the AXP 1E 1048.1-5937 following its 2001-2002 outburst and discuss this in terms of the magnetar model.

Measurement of Inclusive Radiative B-Meson Decays with a Photon Energy Threshold of 1.7 GeV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Limosani, A.; Barberio, E.; Julius, T.

2009-12-11

Using 605 fb{sup -1} of data collected at the UPSILON(4S) resonance we present a measurement of the inclusive radiative B-meson decay channel, B->X{sub s}gamma. For the lower photon energy thresholds of 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0 GeV, as defined in the rest frame of the B meson, we measure the partial branching fraction and the mean and variance of the photon energy spectrum. At the 1.7 GeV threshold we obtain the partial branching fraction BF(B->X{sub s}gamma)=(3.45+-0.15+-0.40)x10{sup -4}, where the errors are statistical and systematic.

The Discovery of the b Quark at Fermilab in 1977: The Experiment Coordinator's Story

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Yoh, J.

1997-12-01

I present the history of the discovery of the Upsilon ({Upsilon}) particle (the first member of the b-quark family to be observed) at Fermilab in 1977 by the CFS (Columbia-Fermilab-Stony Brook collaboration) E288 experiment headed by Leon Lederman. We found the first evidence of the {Upsilon} in November 1976 in an early phase of E288. The subsequent discovery in the spring of 1977 resulted from an upgraded E288 the {mu}{mu}II phase, optimized for dimuons, with about 100 times the sensitivity of the previous investigatory dimuon phase (which had been optimized for dielectrons). The events leading to the discovery, the planning of {mu}{mu}II and the running, including a misadventure (the infamous Shunt Fire of May 1977), are described. Some discussions of the aftermath, a summary, and an acknowledgement list end this brief historical note.

Charm (and Beauty) Production at the Tevatron

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rademacker, Jonas; /Bristol U.

2007-11-01

The authors present recent results on heavy flavor production at Tevatron Run II for typically {approx} 1 fb{sup -1} of analyzed p{bar p} data at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV. This includes results on single and correlated open charm and bottom cross sections, charm pair production kinematics, J/{psi}, {psi}(2S) and {chi}{sub cJ} cross sections and polarization measurements in J/{psi}, {psi}(2S), {Upsilon}(1S), and {Upsilon}(2S).

Non-Equilibrium Turbulence Modeling for High Lift Aerodynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Durbin, P. A.

1998-01-01

This phase is discussed in ('Non linear kappa - epsilon - upsilon(sup 2) modeling with application to high lift', Application of the kappa - epsilon -upsilon(sup 2) model to multi-component airfoils'). Further results are presented in 'Non-linear upsilon(sup 2) - f modeling with application to high-lift' The ADI solution method in the initial implementation was very slow to converge on multi-zone chimera meshes. I modified the INS implementation to use GMRES. This provided improved convergence and less need for user intervention in the solution process. There were some difficulties with implementation into the NASA compressible codes, due to their use of approximate factorization. The Helmholtz equation for f is not an evolution equation, so it is not of the form assumed by the approximate factorization method. Although The Kalitzin implementation involved a new solution algorithm ('An implementation of the upsilon(sup 2) - f model with application to transonic flows'). The algorithm involves introducing a relaxation term in the f-equation so that it can be factored. The factorization can be into a plane and a line, with GMRES used in the plane. The NASA code already evaluated coefficients in planes, so no additional memory is required except that associated the the GMRES algorithm. So the scope of this project has expanded via these interactions. . The high-lift work has dovetailed into turbine applications.

Systems of Multiple Planets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marcy, G. W.; Fischer, D. A.; Butler, R. P.; Vogt, S. S.

To date, 10 stars are known which harbor two or three planets. These systems reveal secular and mean motion resonances in some systems and consist of widely separated, eccentric orbits in others. Both of the triple planet systems, namely Upsilon And and 55 Cancri, exhibit evidence of resonances. The two planets orbiting GJ 876 exhibit both mean-motion and secular resonances and they perturb each other so strongly that the evolution of the orbits is revealed in the Doppler measurements. The common occurrence of resonances suggests that delicate dynamical processes often shape the architecture of planetary systems. Likely processes include planet migration in a viscous disk, eccentricity pumping by the planet-disk interaction, and resonance capture of two planets. We find a class of "hierarchical" double-planet systems characterized by two planets in widely separated orbits, defined to have orbital period ratios greater than 5 to 1. In such systems, resonant interactions are weak, leaving high-order interactions and Kozai resonances plausibly important. We compare the planets that are single with those in multiple systems. We find that neither the two mass distributions nor the two eccentricity distributions are significantly different. This similarity in single and multiple systems suggests that similar dynamical processes may operate in both. The origin of eccentricities may stem from a multi-planet past or from interactions between planets and disk. Multiple planets in resonances can pump their eccentricities pumping resulting in one planet being ejected from the system or sent into the star, leaving a (more massive) single planet in an eccentric orbit. The distribution of semimajor axes of all known extrasolar planets shows a rise toward larger orbits, portending a population of gas-giant planets that reside beyond 3 AU, arguably in less perturbed, more circular orbits.

Some recent results from CLEO II

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kass, R.

1997-06-01

The CLEO experiment has been operating for several years now collecting e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} annihilation data at and near the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance (E{sub cm} {approx} 10.6 GeV). The accumulated event sample contains several million B{anti B} and {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup {minus}} pairs. These data are used to explore rare b, c, and {tau} decays. In this report, several recent CLEO results in the area of B-meson and {tau} decay are presented. The topics covered include: penguin decays of B-mesons, measurement of exclusive b {r_arrow} u semileptonic transitions, {tau} decays with an {eta} in the final state, precision measurement of the Michelmore » parameters in leptonic {tau} decay, and a search for lepton number violation using {tau}`s. 39 refs., 26 figs.« less

On the nature of upsilon Sagittarii

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schoenberner, D.; Drilling, J. S.

1982-01-01

An explanation for the nature and evolution of the extremely hydrogen deficient binary Upsilon Sagittarii which is consistent with all observational and theoretical facts. First, the system goes through a Case B mass exchange in which most of the hydrogen rich envelope of a massive primary (5 to 14 solar masses) is lost. The remaining envelope still contains about 50% hydrogen (by number), but is now of negligible mass, so that the star evolves like a pure helium star. If its mass is between 1 and 2 solar masses the star reaches low surface temperatures and becomes a supergiant before the onset of carbon burning. This star (the original primary) then fills its Roche lobe a second time, spilling its now helium rich envelope over onto the secondary (Case BB mass exchange). It is argued that Upsilon Sagrittarii is in this state at the present time, and that the visible star is an evolved helium star of about 1 solar mass with a degenerate carbon-oxygen core and a helium burning shell which provides the high luminosity.

Reply by the Authors to C. K. W. Tam

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, Philip J.; Farassat, F.

2002-01-01

The prediction of noise generation and radiation by turbulence has been the subject of continuous research for over fifty years. The essential problem is how to model the noise sources when one s knowledge of the detailed space-time properties of the turbulence is limited. We attempted to provide a comparison of models based on acoustic analogies and recent alternative models. Our goal was to demonstrate that the predictive capabilities of any model are based on the choice of the turbulence property that is modeled as a source of noise. Our general definition of an acoustic analogy is a rearrangement of the equations of motion into the form L(u) = Q, where L is a linear operator that reduces to an acoustic propagation operator outside a region upsilon; u is a variable that reduces to acoustic pressure (or a related linear acoustic variable) outside upsilon; and Q is a source term that can be meaningfully estimated without knowing u and tends to zero outside upsilon.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Nebular [OIII] collision strengths - SS3 (Storey+, 2015)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Storey, P. J.; Sochi, T.

2015-03-01

The data set consists of ten Upsilon files labeled 'up_mn.dat' and ten Downsilon files labeled 'do_mn.dat' where m=1,2,3,4 and n=2,3,4,5 with m

Diffusion and chaos from near AdS 2 horizons

DOE PAGES

Blake, Mike; Donos, Aristomenis

2017-02-03

We calculate the thermal diffusivity D =more » $$\\kappa/c_\\rho$$ and butterfy velocity $$\\upsilon_\\beta$$ in holographic models that flow to $$AdS_2$$ x $R^d$ fixed points in the infra-red. We show that both these quantities are governed by the same irrelevant deformation of $$AdS_2$$ and hence establish a simple relationship between them. When this deformation corresponds to a universal dilaton mode of dimension $$\\Delta$$ = 2 then this relationship is always given by D = $$\\upsilon_B^2$$/(2$$\\pi$$T).« less

Measurement of the neutral B meson-antineutral B meson oscillation frequency using fully-reconstructed semileptonic decays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leclerc, Christopher Mark

B0B¯0 flavor oscillation frequency is studied by examining events containing a fully reconstructed B → D*lnu. The opposite side flavor is determined with tagging tools that look for characteristic kaon and lepton tags, plus a neural network output for events with conflicting or non-existent kaon/lepton tags. Based on a data set of 20.6 fb -1 on the Upsilon(4s) resonance, 2.6 fb -1 offpeak, Deltamd = 0.492 +/- 0.018 +/- 0.013 ps-1. The first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The B 0 lifetime is also measured, tB0=1.523+0.024- 0.023+/-0.022ps . The Deltamd measurement is competitive with other recent measurements and develops several novel and powerful data analysis techniques.

Measurement of the branching fractions for B0 -->D*-pi+ and B0 -->D*rho+

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

Using 5.2 fb{sup -1} annihilation data recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring while operating on the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance, a sample of fully reconstructed B{sup 0} decays in the hadronic modes B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -} {pi}{sup +} and B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -} {rho}{sup +} have been reconstructed. In this paper, a study of these events is reported, including preliminary measurements of the absolute branching fractions for these modes, which are found to be B(B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -} {pi}{sup +} = 2.9 {+-} 0.3 {+-} 0.3) x 10{sup -3} and B(B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -}more » {rho}{sup +}) = (11.2 {+-} 1.1 {+-} 2.5) x 10{sup -3}.« less

Measurements of the $$\\Upsilon$$(1S), $$\\Upsilon$$(2S), and $$\\Upsilon$$(3S) differential cross sections in pp collisions at $$\\sqrt{s} =$$ 7 TeV

DOE PAGES

Khachatryan, Vardan

2015-07-22

Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum p T are presented for the production of Υ(nS) (n = 1, 2, 3) states decaying into a pair of muons. Thus, data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb -1 in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analysis selects events with dimuon rapidity |y| < 1.2 and dimuon transverse momentum in the range 10 < p T < 100 GeV. The measurements show a transition from an exponential to a power-law behavior at p T ≈ 20 GeVmore » for the three Υ states. Above that transition, the Υ(3S) spectrum is significantly harder than that of the Υ(1S). The ratios of the Υ(3S) and Υ(2S) differential cross sections to theγ Υ(1S) cross section show a rise as p T increases at low p T, then become flatter at higher p T.« less

On the nature of Upsilon Sagittarii

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schoenberner, D.; Drilling, J. S.

1983-01-01

An explanation for the nature and evolution of the extremely hydrogen deficient binary Upsilon Sagittarii which is consistent with all observational and theoretical facts. First, the system goes through a Case B mass exchange in which most of the hydrogen rich envelope of a massive primary (5 to 14 solar masses) is lost. The remaining envelope still contains about 50 percent hydrogen (by number), but is now of negligible mass, so that the star evolves like a pure helium star. If its mass is between 1 and 2 solar masses the star reaches low surface temperatures and becomes a supergiant before the onset of carbon burning. This star (the original primary) then fills its Roche lobe a second time,spilling its now helium rich envelope over onto the secondary (Case BB mass exchange). It is argued that Upsilon Sagittarii is in this state at the present time, and that the visible star is an evolved helium star of about 1 solar mass with a degenerate carbon-oxygen core and a helium burning shell which provides the high luminosity. Previously announced in Star as N26117

Limits on the Decay-Rate Difference of Neutral-B Mesons and on CP, T, and CPT Violation in B0-antiB0 Oscillations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B

2004-02-29

Using events in which one of two neutral-B mesons from the decay of an {Upsilon}(4S) resonance is fully reconstructed, we set limits on the difference between the decay rates of the two neutral-B mass eigenstates and on CP, T, and CPT violation in B{sup 0}{bar B}{sup 0} mixing. The reconstructed decays, comprising both CP and flavor eigenstates, are obtained from 88 million {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We determine six independent parameters governing oscillations ({Delta}m, {Delta}{Lambda}/{Lambda}), CPT and CP violation (Re z, Im z), and CP andmore » T violation (Im {lambda}{sub CP}, |q/p|), where {lambda}{sub cp} characterizes B{sup 0} and {bar B}{sup 0} decays to states of charmonium plus K{sub S}{sup 0} or K{sub L}{sup 0}. The results are sgn(Re {lambda}{sub CP}){Delta}{Lambda}/{Lambda} = .0.008 {+-} 0.037(stat.) {+-} 0.018(syst.) [-0.084, 0.068], |q/p| = 1.029 {+-} 0.013(stat.) {+-} 0.011(syst.) [1.001, 1.057], (Re {lambda}{sub CP}/|{lambda}{sub CP}|)Re z = 0.014 {+-} 0.035(stat.) {+-} 0.034(syst.) [-0.072, 0.101], Imz = 0.038 {+-} 0.029(stat.) {+-} 0.025(syst.) [-0.028, 0.104]. The values inside square brackets indicate the 90% confidence-level intervals. The values of Im {lambda}{sub CP} and {Delta}m are consistent with previous analyses and are used as cross-checks. These measurements are in agreement with Standard Model expectations.« less

The Light and Dark Sides of a Distant Planet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2006-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Poster Version

The top graph consists of infrared data from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. It tells astronomers that a distant planet, called Upsilon Andromedae b, always has a giant hot spot on the side that faces the star, while the other side is cold and dark. The artist's concepts above the graph illustrate how the planet might look throughout its orbit if viewed up close with infrared eyes.

Spitzer was able to determine the difference in temperature between the two sides of this planet by measuring the planet's infrared light, or heat, at five points during its 4.6-day-long trip around its star. The temperature rose and fell depending on which face, the sunlit or dark, was pointed toward Spitzer's cameras. Those temperature oscillations are traced by the wavy orange curve. They indicate that Upsilon Andromedae b has an extreme range of temperatures across its surface, about 1,400 degrees Celsius (2,550 degrees Fahrenheit). This means that hot gas moving across the bright side of the planet cools off by the time it reaches the dark side.

The bottom graph and artist's concepts represent what astronomers might have seen if the planet had bands of different temperatures girdling it, like Jupiter. Some astronomers had speculated that 'hot-Jupiter' planets like Upsilon Andromedae b, which circle very closely around their stars, might resemble Jupiter in this way. If Upsilon Andromedae b had been like this, there would have been no difference between the average temperatures of the sunlit and dark sides to detect, and Spitzer's data would have appeared as a flat line.

Suppression of Υ production in d + Au + and Au + Au collisions at √ sNN =200 GeV

DOE PAGES

None

2014-07-01

We report measurements of Upsilon meson production in p + p, d +Au, and Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. We compare the Upsilon yield to the measured cross section in p + p collisions in order to quantify any modifications of the yield in cold nuclear matter using d +Au data and in hot nuclear matter using Au+Au data separated into three centrality classes. Our p +p measurement is based on three times the statistics of our previous result. We obtain a nuclear modification factor for Upsilon (1S + 2S + 3S) in the rapidity range |y|more » < 1 in d + Au collisions of R dAu = 0.79 ± 0.24(stat.) ± 0.03(syst.) ± 0.10(p + p syst.). A comparison with models including shadowing and initial state part on energy loss indicates the presence of additional cold-nuclear matter suppression. Similarly, in the top 10% most-central Au + Au collisions, we measure a nuclear modification factor of R AA = 0.49 ±0.1(stat.) ±0.02(syst.) ±0.06(p + p syst.), which is a larger suppression factor than that seen in cold nuclear matter. Our results are consistent with complete suppression of excited-state Upsilon mesons in Au + Au collisions. The additional suppression in Au + Au is consistent with the level expected in model calculations that include the presence of a hot, deconfined Quark–Gluon Plasma. However, understanding the suppression seen in d + Au is still needed before any definitive statements about the nature of the suppression in Au + Au can be made.« less

[In situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy study of CO adsorption on Ni2P/mesoporous molecule sieve catalysts].

PubMed

Liu, Qian-qian; Ji, Sheng-fu; Wu, Ping-yi; Hu, Lin-hua; Huang, Xiao-fan; Zhu, Ji-qin; Li, Cheng-yue

2009-05-01

Abstract The supported nickel phosphate precursors were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using nickel nitrate as nickel source, diammonium hydrogen phosphate as phosphorus source, and MCM-41, MCM-48, SBA-15 and SBA-16 as supports, respectively. Then, the supported Ni2 P catalysts were prepared by temperature-programmed reduction in flowing Hz from their nickel phosphate precursors. The in situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis with the probe molecule CO was carried out to characterize the surface properties. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the spectral features of the samples. The upsilon(CO) absorbances observed for adsorbed CO on mesoporous molecule sieve was attributed to weak physical adsorption. There are four different kinds of upsilon(CO) absorbances observed for adsorbed CO on Ni2 P/MCM-41 catalyst with the following assignments: (1) the formation of Ni(CO)4 at 2055 cm(-1). (2) CO terminally bonded to cus Ni(delta+) (0

Observation of the decay B-->J/psietaK and search for X(3872)-->J/psieta.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Couderc, F; Gaillard, J M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Morgan, S E; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Fritsch, M; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Druzhinin, V P; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spradlin, P; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zeng, Q; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Bard, D J; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Brandenburg, G; Morii, M; Won, E; Dubitzky, R S; Langenegger, U; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Mohanty, G B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Hulsbergen, W D; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Côté, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Monorchio, D; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M; Raven, G; Wilden, L; Jessop, C P; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Allmendinger, T; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Ter-Antonyan, R; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Anulli, F; Biasini, M; Peruzzi, I M; Pioppi, M; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Li Gioi, L; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Tehrani, F Safai; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yèche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Cristinziani, M; De Nardo, G; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Elsen, E E; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wittgen, M; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Satpathy, A; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Cossutti, F; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Hollar, J J; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; Tan, P; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-07-23

We report the observation of the B meson decay B+/- -->J/psietaK+/- and evidence for the decay B0-->J/psietaK0S, using 90 x 10(6) BB; events collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e+e- asymmetric-energy storage ring. We obtain branching fractions of B(B+/- -->J/psietaK+/-) = [10.8 +/- 2.3(stat) +/- 2.4(syst)] x 10(-5) and B(B0-->J/psietaK0S) = [8.4 +/- 2.6(stat) +/- 2.7(syst)] x 10(-5). We search for the new narrow mass state, the X(3872), recently reported by the Belle Collaboration, in the decay B+/- -->X(3872)K+/-,X(3872)-->J/psieta and determine an upper limit of B[B +/- -->X(3872)K+/- -->J/psietaK+/-] < 7.7 x 10(-6) at 90% confidence level. Copyright 2004 The American Physical Society

Improved Limits on $$B^{0}$$ Decays to Invisible $(+gamma)$ Final States

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Tisserand, V.

2013-11-01

We establish improved upper limits on branching fractions for B{sup 0} decays to final states where the decay products are purely invisible (i.e., no observable final state particles) and for final states where the only visible product is a photon. Within the Standard Model, these decays have branching fractions that are below the current experimental sensitivity, but various models of physics beyond the Standard Model predict significant contributions for these channels. Using 471 million B{bar B} pairs collected at the {Upsilon} (4S) resonance by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II e{sup +}e{sup -} storage ring at the SLAC National Acceleratormore » Laboratory, we establish upper limits at the 90% confidence level of 2.4 x 10{sup -5} for the branching fraction of B{sup 0} {yields} invisible and 1.7 x 10{sup -5} for the branching fraction of B{sup 0} {yields} invisible + {gamma}.« less

Observation of Exclusive B Decays to Final States Containing a Charmed Baryon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jessop, Colin P.

2003-05-23

Using data collected in the region of the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the CLEO-II detector, they report on the first observation of exclusive decays of the B meson to final states with a charmed baryon. They have measured the branching fractions {Beta}(B{sup -} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{bar p}{pi}{sup -}) = (0.62{sub -0.20}{sup +0.23} {+-} 0.11 {+-} 0.10) x 10{sup -3} and {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{bar p}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) = (1.33{sub -0.42}{sup +0.46} {+-} 0.31 {+-} 0.21) x 10{sup -3}. In addition, they report upper limits for final states of the form {bar B} {yields} {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{bar p}(n{pi})more » and {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{bar p}(n{pi}){pi}{sup 0} where (n{pi}) denotes up to four charged pions.« less

Measurement of the time dependence of B0-B0(bar) oscillations using inclusive dilepton events

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

A preliminary study of time dependence of B{sup 0}{bar B}{sup 0} oscillations using dilepton events is presented. The flavor of the B meson is determined by the charge sign of the lepton. To separate signal leptons from cascade and fake leptons we have used a method which combines several discriminating variables in a neural network. The time evolution of the oscillations is studied by reconstructing the time difference between the decays of the B mesons produced by the {Upsilon}(4S) decay. With an integrated luminosity of 7.7 fb{sup -1} collected on resonance by BABAR at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory, wemore » measure the difference in mass of the neutral B eigenstates, {Delta}m{sub B{sup 0}}, to be (0.507 {+-} 0.015 {+-} 0.022) x 10{sup 12} {Dirac_h} s{sup -1}.« less

Search for very light CP-odd Higgs Boson in radiative decays of Upsilon(1S).

PubMed

Love, W; Savinov, V; Mendez, H; Ge, J Y; Miller, D H; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Hu, D; Moziak, B; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Yang, F; Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Khalil, S; Li, J; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Sultana, N; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Zhang, L M; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Naik, P; Rademacker, J; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Reed, J; Briere, R A; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Rosner, J L; Alexander, J P; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Galik, R S; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Hunt, J M; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Ledoux, J; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Mohapatra, D; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Athar, S B; Patel, R; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Mehrabyan, S; Lowrey, N; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Mitchell, R E; Shepherd, M R; Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Zweber, P; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Libby, J; Martin, L; Powell, A; Wilkinson, G; Ecklund, K M

2008-10-10

We search for a non-SM-like CP-odd Higgs boson (a(1)(0)) decaying to tau(+)tau(-) or mu(+)mu(-) in radiative decays of the Upsilon(1S). No significant signal is found, and upper limits on the product branching ratios are set. Our tau(+)tau(-) results are almost 2 orders of magnitude more stringent than previous upper limits. Our data provide no evidence for a Higgs state with a mass of 214 MeV decaying to mu(+)mu(-), previously proposed as an explanation for 3 Sigma(+)-->pmu(+)mu(-) events observed by the HyperCP experiment. Our results constrain NMSSM models.

Velocity distributions of granular gases with drag and with long-range interactions.

PubMed

Kohlstedt, K; Snezhko, A; Sapozhnikov, M V; Aranson, I S; Olafsen, J S; Ben-Naim, E

2005-08-05

We study velocity statistics of electrostatically driven granular gases. For two different experiments, (i) nonmagnetic particles in a viscous fluid and (ii) magnetic particles in air, the velocity distribution is non-Maxwellian, and its high-energy tail is exponential, P(upsilon) approximately exp(-/upsilon/). This behavior is consistent with the kinetic theory of driven dissipative particles. For particles immersed in a fluid, viscous damping is responsible for the exponential tail, while for magnetic particles, long-range interactions cause the exponential tail. We conclude that velocity statistics of dissipative gases are sensitive to the fluid environment and to the form of the particle interaction.

The Correlated Variations of {\\rm{C}}\\,{\\rm{IV}} Narrow Absorption Lines and Quasar Continuum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Zhi-Fu; Pang, Ting-Ting; He, Bing; Huang, Yong

2018-06-01

We assemble 207 variable quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, all with at least 3 observations, to analyze C IV narrow absorption doublets, and obtain 328 C IV narrow absorption line systems. We find that 19 out of 328 C IV narrow absorption line systems were changed by | {{Δ }}{W}rλ 1548| ≥slant 3{σ }{{Δ }{W}rλ 1548} on timescales from 15.9 to 1477 days at rest-frame. Among the 19 obviously variable C IV systems, we find that (1) 14 systems have relative velocities {\\upsilon }r> 0.01c and 4 systems have {\\upsilon }r> 0.1c, where c is the speed of light; (2) 13 systems are accompanied by other variable C IV systems; (3) 9 systems were changed continuously during multiple observations; and (4) 1 system with {\\upsilon }r = 16,862 km s‑1 was enhanced by {{Δ }}{W}rλ 1548=2.7{σ }{{Δ }{W}rλ 1548} in 0.67 day at rest-frame. The variations of absorption lines are inversely correlated with the changes in the ionizing continuum. We also find that large variations of C IV narrow absorption lines are form differently over a short timescale.

Polarization Reversal Over Flooded Regions and Applications to Large-Scale Flood Mapping with Spaceborne Scatterometers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nghiem, Son V.; Liu, W. Timothy; Xie, Xiao-Su

1999-01-01

We present the polarization reversal in backscatter over flooded land regions, and demonstrate for the first time the utility of spaceborne Ku-band scatterometer for large-scale flood mapping. Scatterometer data were collected over the globe by the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) operated at 14 GHz on the Japanese ADEOS spacecraft from September 1996 to June 1997. During this time span, several severe floods occurred. Over most land surface, vertical polarization backscatter (Sigma(sub upsilon(upsilon)) is larger than horizontal polarization backscatter (sigma(sub hh)). Such polarization characteristics is reversed and sigma(sub upsilon(upsilon)) is smaller than sigma(sub hh) over flooded regions, except under a dense forest canopy. The total backscatter from the flooded landscape consists of direct backscatter and boundary-interaction backscatter. The direct term is contributed by direct backscattering from objects protruding above the water surface, and by backscattering from waves on the water surface. The boundary-interaction term is contributed by the forward scattering from the protruding objects and then reflected from the water surface, and also by the forward scattering from these objects after the water-surface reflection. Over flooded regions, the boundary-interaction term is dominant at large incidence angles and the strong water-surface reflection is much larger for horizontal polarization than the vertical one due to the Brewster effect in transverse-magnetic waves. These scattering mechanisms cause the polarization reversal over flooded regions. An example obtained with the Analytic Wave Theory is used to illustrate the scattering mechanisms leading to the polarization reversal. We then demonstrate the utility of spaceborne Ku-band scatterometer for large-scale flood mapping. We process NSCAT data to obtain the polarization ratio sigma(sub hh)/sigma(sub upsilon(upsilon)) with colocated data at incidence angles larger than 40 deg. The results over Asian summer monsoon regions in September-October 1996 indicate flooded areas in many countries such as Bangladesh, India, Lao, Vietnam, Cambodia, and China. Reports documented by the United Nation Department of Humanitarian Affairs (now called UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs) show loss of many lives and severe flood related damages which affected many million people in the corresponding flooded areas. We also map the NSCAT polarization ratio over the same regions in the "dry season" in January 1997 as a reference to confirm our results. Furthermore, we obtain concurrent ocean wind fields also derived from NSCAT data, and Asia topographic data (USGS GTOPO30) to investigate the flooded area. The results show that winds during summer monsoon season blowing inland, which perplex flood problems. Overlaying the topographic map over NSCAT results reveals an excellent correspondence between the confinement of flooded area within the relevant topographic features, which very well illustrates the value of topographic wetness index. Finally, we discuss the applications of future spaceborne scatterometers, including QuikSCAT and Seawinds, for flood mapping over the globe.

Thermal width of the upsilon at large 't Hooft coupling.

PubMed

Noronha, Jorge; Dumitru, Adrian

2009-10-09

We use the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence to show that the heavy quark (static) potential in a strongly coupled plasma develops an imaginary part at finite temperature. Thus, deeply bound heavy quarkonia states acquire a small nonzero thermal width when the 't Hooft coupling lambda = g2N(c) > 1 and the number of colors N(c) --> infinity. In the dual gravity description, this imaginary contribution comes from thermal fluctuations around the bottom of the classical sagging string in the bulk that connects the heavy quarks located at the boundary. We predict a strong suppression of Upsilon's in heavy-ion collisions and discuss how this may be used to estimate the initial temperature.

Discovery of the Upsilon Andromedids (UAN, IAU #507)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Holman, David; Jenniskens, Peter

2013-04-01

During routine low-light level video observations with CAMS (Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance) made from 2011 June 2 to August 7, a weak shower with a radiant near Upsilon Andromedae was discovered. In that same section of the sky, the Phi Piscids (PPS) were detected, listed as #372 in the IAU Working List of Meteor Showers. The Alpha Triangulids (ATR, IAU #414) and August Piscids (AUP, IAU #415) are activity from the same stream and should be removed from the list. Radiant and speed of the July Pegasids (JPE, IAU #175) match the Great Comet of 1771 (C/1771 A1) as well as earlier identified comet C/1979 Y1 Bradfield.

Participation in the ARGUS experiment at the DORIS collider at DESY, Hamburg, Germany

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Darden, C.

1986-03-27

Progress reported for 1985 includes publishing final results for investigation of F mesons. Particle decays were sought including a gamma line at 9.46 GeV. One such decay was Upsilon(1S)..--> gamma..H/sup 0/. A search for fractionally charged particles is reported. The muon pair branching ratio was determined for decays of the Upsilon(2S). Six anti-deuterons were seen in a data sample of over 720,000 electron-positron annihilation events. A clear D/sup 0/ signal was seen in the K/sup +/K/sup -/ channel. Results were obtained for the radiative transitions from the Upsilon(2S) to the 1/sup 3/P states of the banti-b system. Fifteen events weremore » also seen which were interpreted to be the color suppressed decay of a B meson to J/psi. A new upper limit was set for the mass of the tau neutrino. A CAMAC booster was used to reduce dead time in the experiment. New preamplifiers raised the vertex drift chambers enough above the electromagnetic noise of the storage ring that it was no longer a problem. The performance of the inner compensation coils, storage ring, and main drift chamber are reported, as well as the time of flight, shower, and muon counters. (LEW)« less

Observation of the $$\\chi_\\mathrm{b1}$$(3P) and $$\\chi_\\mathrm{b2}$$(3P) and measurement of their masses

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sirunyan, Albert M; et al.

Themore » $$\\chi_\\mathrm{b1}$$(3P) and $$\\chi_\\mathrm{b3}$$(3P) states are observed through their $$\\Upsilon$$(3S) $$\\gamma$$ decays, using an event sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. data were collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 80.0 fb$$^{-1}$$. $$\\Upsilon$$(3S) mesons are identified through their dimuon decay channel, while the low-energy photons are detected after converting to e$^+$e$^-$ pairs in the silicon tracker, leading to a $$\\chi_\\mathrm{b}$$(3P) mass resolution of 2.2 MeV. This is the first time that the $J =$ 1 and 2 states are well resolved and their masses individually measured: 10$$\\,$$513.42 $$\\pm$$ 0.41 (stat) $$\\pm$$ 0.18 (syst) MeV and 10$$\\,$$524.02 $$\\pm$$ 0.57 (stat) $$\\pm$$ 0.18 (syst) MeV; they are determined with respect to the world-average value of the $$\\Upsilon$$(3S) mass, which has an uncertainty of 0.5 MeV. mass splitting is measured to be 10.60 $$\\pm$$ 0.64 (stat) $$\\pm$$ 0.17 (syst) MeV.« less

Exotic World Blisters Under the Sun

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2006-01-01

This artist's concept shows a Jupiter-like planet soaking up the scorching rays of its nearby 'sun.' NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope used its heat-seeking infrared eyes to figure out that a gas-giant planet like the one depicted here is two-faced, with one side perpetually in the cold dark, and the other forever blistering under the heat of its star. The illustration portrays how the planet would appear to infrared eyes, showing temperature variations across its surface.

The planet, called Upsilon Andromedae b, was first discovered in 1996 around the star Upsilon Andromedae, located 40 light-years away in the constellation Andromeda. This star also has two other planets orbiting farther out.

Upsilon Andromedae b is what's known as a 'hot-Jupiter' planet, because it is made of gas like our Jovian giant, and it is hot, due to its tight, 4.6-day-long jaunt around its star. The toasty planet orbits at one-sixth the distance of Mercury from our own sun. It travels in a plane that is seen neither edge- nor face-on from our solar system, but somewhere in between. Scientists do not know how fast Upsilon Andromedae b is spinning on its axis, but they believe that it is tidally locked to its star, just as our locked moon forever hides its 'dark side' from Earth's view.

Spitzer observed Upsilon Andromedae b at five points during the planet's trip around its star. The planet's light levels went up or down, as detected by Spitzer, depending on whether the planet's sunlit or dark side was pointed toward Earth. These data indicate that the temperature difference between the two hemispheres of the planet is about 1,400 degrees Celsius (2,550 degrees Fahrenheit).

According to astronomers, this means that the side of the planet that faces the star is always as hot as lava, while the other side could potentially be as cold as ice. Specifically, the hot side of the planet ranges from about 1,400 to 1,650 degrees Celsius (2,550 to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit), and the cold side from about minus 20 to 230 degrees Celsius (minus 4 to 450 degrees Fahrenheit).

How can one side always be hot? The atmosphere of the planet must be absorbing and reradiating light fast enough that any heated gas circulating around the planet is cooled off before it reaches the dark side.

Diode laser heterodyne observations of silicon monoxide in sunspots - A test of three sunspot models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Glenar, D. A.; Deming, D.; Jennings, D. E.; Kostiuk, T.; Mumma, M. J.

1983-01-01

Absorption features from the 8 micron SiO fundamental (upsilon = 1-0) and hot bands (upsilon = 2-1) have been observed in sunspots at sub-Doppler resolution using a ground-based tunable diode laser heterodyne spectrometer. The observed line widths suggest an upper limit of 0.5 km/s for the microturbulent velocity in sunspot umbrae. Since the silicon monoxide abundance is very sensitive to sunspot temperature, the measured equivalent widths permit an unambiguous determination of the temperature-pressure relation in the upper layers of the umbral atmosphere. In the region of SiO line formation (log P sub g = 3.0-4.5), the results support the sunspot model suggested by Stellmacher and Wiehr (1970).

Addendum: New approach to the resummation of logarithms in Higgs-boson decays to a vector quarkonium plus a photon [Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017)

DOE PAGES

Bodwin, Geoffrey T.; Chung, Hee Sok; Ee, June-Haak; ...

2017-12-20

In this addendum to Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017) we recompute the rates for the decays of the Higgs boson to a vector quarkonium plus a photon, where the vector quarkonium is J/psi, Upsilon(1S) Upsilon(2S). We correct an error in the Abel-Pad'e summation formula that was used to carry out the evolution of the quarkonium light-cone distribution amplitude in Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017). We also correct an error in the scale of quarkonium wave function at the origin in Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017) and introduce several additional refinements in the calculation.

The Molecular Structure of cis-FONO

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lee, Timothy J.; Dateo, Christopher E.; Rice, Julia E.; Langhoff, Stephen R. (Technical Monitor)

1994-01-01

The molecular structure of cis-FONO has been determined with the CCSD(T) correlation method using an spdf quality basis set. In agreement with previous coupled-cluster calculations but in disagreement with density functional theory, cis-FONO is found to exhibit normal bond distances. The quadratic and cubic force fields of cis-FONO have also been determined in order to evaluate the effect of vibrational averaging on the molecular geometry. Vibrational averaging is found to increase bond distances, as expected, but it does not affect the qualitative nature of the bonding. The CCSD(T)/spdf harmonic frequencies of cis-FONO support our previous assertion that a band observed at 1200 /cm is a combination band (upsilon(sub 3) + upsilon(sub 4)), and not a fundamental.

Addendum: New approach to the resummation of logarithms in Higgs-boson decays to a vector quarkonium plus a photon [Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bodwin, Geoffrey T.; Chung, Hee Sok; Ee, June-Haak

In this addendum to Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017) we recompute the rates for the decays of the Higgs boson to a vector quarkonium plus a photon, where the vector quarkonium is J/psi, Upsilon(1S) Upsilon(2S). We correct an error in the Abel-Pad'e summation formula that was used to carry out the evolution of the quarkonium light-cone distribution amplitude in Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017). We also correct an error in the scale of quarkonium wave function at the origin in Phys. Rev. D 95, 054018 (2017) and introduce several additional refinements in the calculation.

H2 emission as a tracer of molecular hydrogen: Large-scale observations of Orion

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Luhman, M. L.; Jaffe, D. T.; Keller, L. D.; Pak, Soojong

1994-01-01

We have detected extremely extended (greater than 1.5 deg, or 12 pc) near-infrared H2 line emission from the Orion A molecular cloud. We have mapped emission in the 1.601 micrometer(s) upsilon = 6 - 4 Q(1) and 2.121 micrometer(s) upsilon = 1 - 0 S(1) lines of H2 along a approx. 2 deg R.A. cut and from a 6' x 6' region near theta(sup 1) Ori C. The surface brightness of the extended H2 line emission is 10(exp -6) to 10(exp -5) ergs/s/sq. cm/sr. Based on the distribution and relative strengths of the H2 lines, we conclude that UV fluorescene is most likely the dominant H2 emission mechanism in the outer parts of the Orion cloud. Shock-heated gas does not make a major contribution to the H2 emission in this region. The fluorescent component of the total H2 upsilon = 1 - 0 S(1) luminosity from Orion is 30-40 solar luminosity. Molecular hydrogen excited by UV radiation from nearby OB stars contributes 98%-99% of the global H2 line emission from the Orion molecular cloud, even though this cloud has a powerful shock-excited H2 source in its core. The ability to detect large-scale H2 directly opens up new possibilities for the study of molecular clouds.

Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy of Atmospheric Trace Gases HCl, NO and SO2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Haridass, C.; Aw-Musse, A.; Dowdye, E.; Bandyopadhyay, C.; Misra, P.; Okabe, H.

1998-01-01

Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectral data have been recorded in the spectral region 400-4000/cm of hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide with I/cm resolution and of nitric oxide with 0.25 cm-i resolution, under quasi-static conditions, when the sample gas was passed through tubings of aluminum, copper, stainless steel and teflon. The absorbance was measured for the rotational lines of the fundamental bands of (1)H(35)Cl and (1)H(37)Cl for pressures in the range 100-1000 Torr and for the (14)N(16)O molecule in the range 100-300 Torr. The absorbance was also measured for individual rotational lines corresponding to the three modes of vibrations (upsilon(sub 1) - symmetric stretch, upsilon(sub 2) - symmetric bend, upsilon(sub 3) - anti-symmetric stretch) of the SO2 molecule in the pressure range 25-150 Torr. A graph of absorbance versus pressure was plotted for the observed rotational transitions of the three atmospherically significant molecules, and it was found that the absorbance was linearly proportional to the pressure range chosen, thereby validating Beer's law. The absorption cross-sections were determined from the graphical slopes for each rotational transition recorded for the HCl, NO and SO2 species. Qualitative and quantitative spectral changes in the FT-IR data will be discussed to identify and characterize various tubing materials with respect to their absorption features.

Measurement of |V(cb)| and the form-factor slope in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays in events tagged by a fully reconstructed B meson.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Poireau, V; Prencipe, E; Prudent, X; Tisserand, V; Garra Tico, J; Grauges, E; Martinelli, M; Palano, A; Pappagallo, M; Eigen, G; Stugu, B; Sun, L; Battaglia, M; Brown, D N; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Lynch, G; Osipenkov, I L; Tackmann, K; Tanabe, T; Hawkes, C M; Soni, N; Watson, A T; Koch, H; Schroeder, T; Asgeirsson, D J; Fulsom, B G; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Barrett, M; Khan, A; Randle-Conde, A; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Buzykaev, A R; Druzhinin, V P; Golubev, V B; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Todyshev, K Yu; Bondioli, M; Curry, S; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Lund, P; Mandelkern, M; Martin, E C; Stoker, D P; Atmacan, H; Gary, J W; Liu, F; Long, O; Vitug, G M; Yasin, Z; Zhang, L; Sharma, V; Campagnari, C; Hong, T M; Kovalskyi, D; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Beck, T W; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Kroseberg, J; Lockman, W S; Martinez, A J; Schalk, T; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Wang, L; Winstrom, L O; Cheng, C H; Doll, D A; Echenard, B; Fang, F; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Andreassen, R; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Mishra, K; Sokoloff, M D; Bloom, P C; Ford, W T; Gaz, A; Hirschauer, J F; Nagel, M; Nauenberg, U; Smith, J G; Wagner, S R; Ayad, R; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Jasper, H; Karbach, T M; Merkel, J; Petzold, A; Spaan, B; Wacker, K; Kobel, M J; Nogowski, R; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Volk, A; Bernard, D; Latour, E; Verderi, M; Clark, P J; Playfer, S; Watson, J E; Andreotti, M; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cecchi, A; Cibinetto, G; Fioravanti, E; Franchini, P; Luppi, E; Munerato, M; Negrini, M; Petrella, A; Piemontese, L; Santoro, V; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Pacetti, S; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Rama, M; Zallo, A; Contri, R; Guido, E; Lo Vetere, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Tosi, S; Chaisanguanthum, K S; Morii, M; Adametz, A; Marks, J; Schenk, S; Uwer, U; Bernlochner, F U; Klose, V; Lacker, H M; Bard, D J; Dauncey, P D; Tibbetts, M; Behera, P K; Charles, M J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Dong, L; Eyges, V; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Rubin, A E; Gao, Y Y; Gritsan, A V; Guo, Z J; Arnaud, N; Béquilleux, J; D'Orazio, A; Davier, M; Derkach, D; da Costa, J Firmino; Grosdidier, G; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Malaescu, B; Pruvot, S; Roudeau, P; Schune, M H; Serrano, J; Sordini, V; Stocchi, A; Wormser, G; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bingham, I; Burke, J P; Chavez, C A; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Hutchcroft, D E; Payne, D J; Touramanis, C; Bevan, A J; Clarke, C K; Di Lodovico, F; Sacco, R; Sigamani, M; Cowan, G; Paramesvaran, S; Wren, A C; Brown, D N; Davis, C L; Denig, A G; Fritsch, M; Gradl, W; Hafner, A; Alwyn, K E; Bailey, D; Barlow, R J; Jackson, G; Lafferty, G D; West, T J; Yi, J I; Anderson, J; Chen, C; Jawahery, A; Roberts, D A; Simi, G; Tuggle, J M; Dallapiccola, C; Salvati, E; Saremi, S; Cowan, R; Dujmic, D; Fisher, P H; Henderson, S W; Sciolla, G; Spitznagel, M; Yamamoto, R K; Zhao, M; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Schram, M; Lazzaro, A; Lombardo, V; Palombo, F; Stracka, S; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Sonnek, P; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Simard, M; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; De Nardo, G; Lista, L; Monorchio, D; Onorato, G; Sciacca, C; Raven, G; Snoek, H L; Jessop, C P; Knoepfel, K J; LoSecco, J M; Wang, W F; Corwin, L A; Honscheid, K; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Morris, J P; Rahimi, A M; Regensburger, J J; Sekula, S J; Wong, Q K; Blount, N L; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Kolb, J A; Lu, M; Rahmat, R; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Strube, J; Torrence, E; Castelli, G; Gagliardi, N; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Voci, C; Sanchez, P del Amo; Ben-Haim, E; Bonneaud, G R; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; Hamon, O; Leruste, Ph; Marchiori, G; Ocariz, J; Perez, A; Prendki, J; Sitt, S; Gladney, L; Biasini, M; Manoni, E; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Cervelli, A; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rizzo, G; Walsh, J J; Pegna, D Lopes; Lu, C; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Telnov, A V; Anulli, F; Baracchini, E; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Jackson, P D; Gioi, L Li; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Renga, F; Voena, C; Ebert, M; Hartmann, T; Schröder, H; Waldi, R; Adye, T; Franek, B; Olaiya, E O; Wilson, F F; Emery, S; Esteve, L; de Monchenault, G Hamel; Kozanecki, W; Vasseur, G; Yèche, Ch; Zito, M; Allen, M T; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Benitez, J F; Cenci, R; Coleman, J P; Convery, M R; Dingfelder, J C; Dorfan, J; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Sevilla, M Franco; Gabareen, A M; Graham, M T; Grenier, P; Hast, C; Innes, W R; Kaminski, J; Kelsey, M H; Kim, H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Li, S; Lindquist, B; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; MacFarlane, D B; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; Neal, H; Nelson, S; O'Grady, C P; Ofte, I; Perl, M; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Snyder, A; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Suzuki, K; Swain, S K; Thompson, J M; Va'vra, J; Wagner, A P; Weaver, M; West, C A; Wisniewski, W J; Wittgen, M; Wright, D H; Wulsin, H W; Yarritu, A K; Young, C C; Ziegler, V; Chen, X R; Liu, H; Park, W; Purohit, M V; White, R M; Wilson, J R; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Miyashita, T S; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Pan, B; Saeed, M A; Zain, S B; Soffer, A; Spanier, S M; Wogsland, B J; Eckmann, R; Ritchie, J L; Ruland, A M; Schilling, C J; Schwitters, R F; Wray, B C; Drummond, B W; Izen, J M; Lou, X C; Bianchi, F; Gamba, D; Pelliccioni, M; Bomben, M; Bosisio, L; Cartaro, C; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Vitale, L; Azzolini, V; Lopez-March, N; Martinez-Vidal, F; Milanes, D A; Oyanguren, A; Albert, J; Banerjee, Sw; Bhuyan, B; Choi, H H F; Hamano, K; King, G J; Kowalewski, R; Lewczuk, M J; Nugent, I M; Roney, J M; Sobie, R J; Gershon, T J; Harrison, P F; Ilic, J; Latham, T E; Mohanty, G B; Puccio, E M T; Band, H R; Chen, X; Dasu, S; Flood, K T; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Vuosalo, C O; Wu, S L

2010-01-08

We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V(cb)| and the form-factor slope rho2 in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays based on 460x10(6) BB events recorded at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector. B --> Dl- nu(l) decays are selected in events in which a hadronic decay of the second B meson is fully reconstructed. We measure B(B- --> D0 l- nu(l))/B(B- --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.255+/-0.009+/-0.009) and B(B0 --> D+ l- nu(l))/B(B0 --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.230+/-0.011+/-0.011), along with the differential decay distribution in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays. We then determine G(1)|V(cb)| = (42.3+/-1.9+/-1.4)x10(-3) and rho2 = 1.20+/-0.09+/-0.04, where G(1) is the hadronic form factor at the point of zero recoil.

Evidence for B{yields}K{eta}'{gamma} decays at Belle

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wedd, R.; Barberio, E.; Limosani, A.

2010-06-01

We present the results of a search for the radiative decay B{yields}K{eta}{sup '{gamma}} and find evidence for B{sup +{yields}}K{sup +{eta}'{gamma}} decays at the 3.3 standard deviation level with a partial branching fraction of (3.6{+-}1.2{+-}0.4)x10{sup -6}, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This measurement is restricted to the region of combined K{eta}{sup '} invariant mass less than 3.4 GeV/c{sup 2}. A 90% confidence level upper limit of 6.4x10{sup -6} is obtained for the partial branching fraction of the decay B{sup 0{yields}}K{sup 0{eta}'{gamma}} in the same K{eta}{sup '} invariant mass region. These results are obtained from a 605more » fb{sup -1} data sample containing 657x10{sup 6}BB pairs collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider.« less

A study of B0-B0(bar) oscillations frequency and determination of flavor-tagging efficiency using semileptonic and hadronic B0 decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

B{sup 0}{bar B}{sup 0} flavor oscillations are studied in e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilation data collected with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies near the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. One B is reconstructed in a hadronic or semileptonic decay mode, and the flavor of the other B in the event is determined with a tagging algorithm that exploits the relation between the flavor of the heavy quark and the charges of its decay products. Tagging performance is characterized by an efficiency {epsilon}{sub i} and a probability for mis-identification, w{sub i}, for each tagging category. We report a determination of the wrong-tag probabilities, w{submore » i}, and a preliminary result for the time-dependent B{sup 0}{bar B}{sup 0} oscillation frequency, {Delta}m{sub d} = 0.512 {+-} 0.017 {+-} 0.022 {Dirac_h} ps{sup -1}.« less

A spatially resolving x-ray crystal spectrometer for measurement of ion-temperature and rotation-velocity profiles on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak.

PubMed

Hill, K W; Bitter, M L; Scott, S D; Ince-Cushman, A; Reinke, M; Rice, J E; Beiersdorfer, P; Gu, M-F; Lee, S G; Broennimann, Ch; Eikenberry, E F

2008-10-01

A new spatially resolving x-ray crystal spectrometer capable of measuring continuous spatial profiles of high resolution spectra (lambda/d lambda>6000) of He-like and H-like Ar K alpha lines with good spatial (approximately 1 cm) and temporal (approximately 10 ms) resolutions has been installed on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. Two spherically bent crystals image the spectra onto four two-dimensional Pilatus II pixel detectors. Tomographic inversion enables inference of local line emissivity, ion temperature (T(i)), and toroidal plasma rotation velocity (upsilon(phi)) from the line Doppler widths and shifts. The data analysis techniques, T(i) and upsilon(phi) profiles, analysis of fusion-neutron background, and predictions of performance on other tokamaks, including ITER, will be presented.

Observational Evidence for a Dark Side to NGC 5128's Globular Cluster System

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, Matthew A.; Puzia, Thomas H.; Gomez, Matias; Woodley, Kristin A.

2015-05-01

We present a study of the dynamical properties of 125 compact stellar systems (CSSs) in the nearby giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128, using high-resolution spectra (R ≈ 26, 000) obtained with Very Large Telescope/FLAMES. Our results provide evidence for a new type of star cluster, based on the CSS dynamical mass scaling relations. All radial velocity (vr) and line-of-sight velocity dispersion (σlos) measurements are performed with the penalized pixel fitting (ppxf ) technique, which provided σppxf estimates for 115 targets. The σppxf estimates are corrected to the 2D projected half-light radii, σ1/2, as well as the cluster cores, σ0, accounting for observational/aperture effects and are combined with structural parameters, from high spatial resolution imaging, in order to derive total dynamical masses ({{M}dyn}) for 112 members of NGC 5128’s star cluster system. In total, 89 CSSs have dynamical masses measured for the first time along with the corresponding dynamical mass-to-light ratios (\\Upsilon Vdyn). We find two distinct sequences in the \\Upsilon Vdyn-{{M}dyn} plane, which are well approximated by power laws of the forms \\Upsilon Vdyn\\propto Mdyn0.33+/- 0.04 and \\Upsilon Vdyn\\propto Mdyn0.79+/- 0.04. The shallower sequence corresponds to the very bright tail of the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF), while the steeper relation appears to be populated by a distinct group of objects that require significant dark gravitating components such as central massive black holes and/or exotically concentrated dark matter distributions. This result would suggest that the formation and evolution of these CSSs are markedly different from the “classical” globular clusters in NGC 5128 and the Local Group, despite the fact that these clusters have luminosities similar to the GCLF turnover magnitude. We include a thorough discussion of myriad factors potentially influencing our measurements. Based on observations collected under program 081.D-0651 (PI: Matias Gomez) with FLAMES at the Very Large Telescope of the Paranal Observatory in Chile, operated by the ESO.

Theory of plasma contactors in ground-based experiments and low Earth orbit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gerver, M. J.; Hastings, Daniel E.; Oberhardt, M. R.

1990-01-01

Previous theoretical work on plasma contactors as current collectors has fallen into two categories: collisionless double layer theory (describing space charge limited contactor clouds) and collisional quasineutral theory. Ground based experiments at low current are well explained by double layer theory, but this theory does not scale well to power generation by electrodynamic tethers in space, since very high anode potentials are needed to draw a substantial ambient electron current across the magnetic field in the absence of collisions (or effective collisions due to turbulence). Isotropic quasineutral models of contactor clouds, extending over a region where the effective collision frequency upsilon sub e exceeds the electron cyclotron frequency omega sub ce, have low anode potentials, but would collect very little ambient electron current, much less than the emitted ion current. A new model is presented, for an anisotropic contactor cloud oriented along the magnetic field, with upsilon sub e less than omega sub ce. The electron motion along the magnetic field is nearly collisionless, forming double layers in that direction, while across the magnetic field the electrons diffuse collisionally and the potential profile is determined by quasineutrality. Using a simplified expression for upsilon sub e due to ion acoustic turbulence, an analytic solution has been found for this model, which should be applicable to current collection in space. The anode potential is low and the collected ambient electron current can be several times the emitted ion current.

Experimental study of two separating turbulent boundary layers

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nagabushana, K. A.; Simpson, R. L.; Agarwal, N. K.

1987-01-01

A detailed study of two strong adverse pressure gradient flows, one with a free-stream velocity of 35 m/sec, at throat (producing a Re sub theta of 27000 at detachment) and another with free-stream velocity of 22 m/sec, at throat (producing a Re sub theta of 19000 at detachment) is presented. In these examples flows separate slowly and reattach very rapidly over a very short distance in a streamwise direction. In the backflow region, there appears to be a semi-logarithmically flat region in the streamwise fluctuating velocity component, u', which spreads over a definite range of y/delta. In power spectra, the flow variables phi sub upsilon upsilon (kappa sub 1 delta)/ -uv bar sub max vs. kappa sub 1 delta forms a unique set of scaling parameters for adverse pressure gradient flows. Experimental results show good agreement with previous studies.

Neutrino degeneracy and cosmological nucleosynthesis, revisited

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Olive, K. A.; Schramm, David N.; Thomas, D.; Walker, T. P.

1991-01-01

A reexamination of the effects of non-zero degeneracies on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is made. As previously noted, non-trivial alterations of the standard model conclusions can be induced only if excess lepton numbers L sub i, comparable to photon number densities eta sub tau, are assumed (where eta sub tau is approx. 3 times 10(exp 9) eta sub b). Furthermore, the required lepton number densities (L sub i eta sub tau) must be different for upsilon sub e than for upsilon sub mu and epsilon sub tau. It is shown that this loophole in the standard model of nucleosynthesis is robust and will not vanish as abundance and reaction rate determinations improve. However, it is also argued that theoretically (L sub e) approx. (L sub mu) approx. (L sub tau) approx. eta sub b is much less than eta sub tau which would preclude this loophole in standard unified models.

How to Find a Planetary Hot Spot

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-10-19

This graph of data from NASA Spitzer Space Telescope shows how astronomers located a hot spot on a distant gas planet named upsilon Andromedae b. Termed an exoplanet, it orbits a star beyond our sun, and whips around very closely to its star.

A methodology for obtaining on-orbit SI-traceable spectral radiance measurements in the thermal infrared

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dykema, John A.; Anderson, James G.

2006-06-01

A methodology to achieve spectral thermal radiance measurements from space with demonstrable on-orbit traceability to the International System of Units (SI) is described. This technique results in measurements of infrared spectral radiance R(\\tilde {\\upsilon }) , with spectral index \\tilde {\\upsilon } in cm-1, with a relative combined uncertainty u_c[R(\\tilde {\\upsilon })] of 0.0015 (k = 1) for the average mid-infrared radiance emitted by the Earth. This combined uncertainty, expressed in brightness temperature units, is equivalent to ±0.1 K at 250 K at 750 cm-1. This measurement goal is achieved by utilizing a new method for infrared scale realization combined with an instrument design optimized to minimize component uncertainties and admit tests of radiometric performance. The SI traceability of the instrument scale is established by evaluation against source-based and detector-based infrared scales in defined laboratory protocols before launch. A novel strategy is executed to ensure fidelity of on-orbit calibration to the pre-launch scale. This strategy for on-orbit validation relies on the overdetermination of instrument calibration. The pre-launch calibration against scales derived from physically independent paths to the base SI units provides the foundation for a critical analysis of the overdetermined on-orbit calibration to establish an SI-traceable estimate of the combined measurement uncertainty. Redundant calibration sources and built-in diagnostic tests to assess component measurement uncertainties verify the SI traceability of the instrument calibration over the mission lifetime. This measurement strategy can be realized by a practical instrument, a prototype Fourier-transform spectrometer under development for deployment on a small satellite. The measurement record resulting from the methodology described here meets the observational requirements for climate monitoring and climate model testing and improvement.

The Light and Dark Sides of a Distant Planet

NASA Image and Video Library

2006-10-12

The top graph consists of infrared data from NASA Spitzer Space Telescope. It tells astronomers that a distant planet, called Upsilon Andromedae b, always has a giant hot spot on the side that faces the star, while the other side is cold and dark.

Planetary Hot Spot Not Under the Glare of Star Artist Concept

NASA Image and Video Library

2010-10-19

This artist concept based on data found by NASA Spitzer Space Telescope shows upsilon Andromedae b, a hot gas giant that whips around its star every 4.6 days. Because it is so close to its star, it is tidally locked.

Science and the Citizen.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scientific American, 1978

1978-01-01

Describes scientific events: computed tomography (CT) scanner and its costs, existence of Upsilon particle in its lowest excited state, animal psychology to determine their capabilities of symbolic communication, findings of Viking mission about Mars and its two moons, and finally gives credit to first discoverer of penicillin. (GA)

Limits on the decay-rate difference of neutral B mesons and on CP, T, and CPT violation in B(0-0)B oscillations.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kral, J F; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Deppermann, T; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Barlow, N R; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Shen, B C; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Tinslay, J; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Biasini, M; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Pioppi, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Sanders, P; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Strother, P; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, R J; Forti, A C; Hart, P A; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Milek, M; Patel, P M; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Hast, C; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Tanaka, H A; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Coupal, D P; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Granges-Pous, E; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W G S; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Robertson, S H; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-05-07

Using events in which one of two neutral B mesons from the decay of an Upsilon(4S) meson is fully reconstructed, we determine parameters governing decay (DeltaGamma(d)/Gamma(d)), CP, and T violation (|q/p|), and CP and CPT violation (Re z,Im z). The results, obtained from an analysis of 88 x 10(6) Upsilon(4S) decays recorded by BABAR, are sgn(Re lambda(CP))DeltaGamma(d)/Gamma(d)=-0.008+/-0.037(stat)+/-0.018(syst)[-0.084,0.068],|q/p|=1.029+/-0.013(stat)+/-0.011(syst)[1.001,1.057],(Re lambda(CP)/|lambda(CP)|) Re z=0.014+/-0.035(stat)+/-0.034(syst)[-0.072,0.101],Im z=0.038+/-0.029(stat)+/-0.025(syst)[-0.028,0.104]. The values inside the square brackets indicate the 90% confidence-level intervals. These results are consistent with standard model expectations.

Generation of high energetic ions from hollow cathode discharge

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Atta, M.; El Nadai, L.; Lie, Y.T.

1995-12-31

High energetic beams of ions can be produced by using the dense and highly ionized plasma that is generated by the vacuum arc. Ian G. Brown (1993) described the general features and performance characteristics of the ion sources and their use for accelerator injection and ion implantation applications. Atta, at al. (1993) found that the ratio of ion density to electron density has been decreased beside the hollow cathode at different hole diameter due to increasing the ionization degree. Here we have evaluated the ion velocity distribution F(v) = S{Upsilon}(t)/V{sup 2}, where {Upsilon}(t) is the ion flux intensity, S ismore » the distance between the hollow cathode spot and the quadrupole maps spectrometer, and V is the ion velocity. The ion energy (E=mV{sup 2}/2, in is the mass of the ion), and the ion fraction due to the total number of ions for different ion species emitted from graphite and titanium hollow cathode have been determined.« less

A Model of the Influence of Neutral Air Dynamics on the Seasonal Variation in the Low Ionosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nestorov, G.; Velinov, P. J.; Pancheva, T.

1984-01-01

Recently it has become clear that the phenomena in the ionospheric D-region are determined to a great extent by dynamical processes in the strato-mesosphere D-region. In this respect much attention is paid to the study of the winter anomaly (WA) phenomenon on medium and short radiowaves, in which the meteorological character of the lower ionosphere is most prominent. Significant experimental data about the variations of the electron concentration, N, ion composition, temperature and dynamic regime during WA permit a better understanding of the character of the physical processes in the middle atmosphere. The influence of the neutral wind on the seasonal variation of the electron concentration N for the altitude interval 90 or = z or = 120 km, where the ratio upsilon sub in/omega sub i, of the ion-neutral collision frequency, upsilon sub in and the ion gyrofrequency, omega sub i decreases from 40 to 1 was evaluated. CIRA-72 is used as a model of the zonal wind.

New flavor production in. gamma. ,. mu. ,. nu. , and hadron beams. [Review

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wojcicki, S.

1980-01-01

During the last few years the main emphasis in the study of heavy particle production (mainly charm) by means other than e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation has been on the production mechanisms. This review concentrates mainly on the production data in ..gamma.., ..mu.., ..nu.., and hadron beams. The heavy flavor searches divide themselves naturally into three categories, each one characterized by its own peculiar advantages and shortcomings; these are summarized briefly. Then the following topics are taken up: charm production by hadrons (central production, forward production - ..lambda../sub c/ and D production, anomalies and discrepancies), charm production by photons and muons,more » new flavor production by neutrinos, status of heavier flavors, and production bound flavors (eta/sub c/ search, UPSILON muoproduction, J/psi and UPSILON hadroproduction, J/psi muoproduction). In his outlook for the future, the author presents a few words concerning the status of detectors: emulsions, high-resolution streamer chambers, high-resolution bubble chambers, and solid-state detectors. 83 references, 36 figures, 4 tables. (RWR)« less

The Stability of Orbital Configurations and the Ultimate Configurations of Planetary and Satellite Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lissauer, Jack J.; Duncan, Martin J.

2004-01-01

The contents include the following: 1) Dynamical Evolution of the Earth-Moon Progenitors. 2) Dynamical Connections between Giant and Terrestrial Planets. 3) Dynamics of the Upsilon Andromedae Planetary System. 4) Dynamics of the Planets Orbiting GJ 876. and 5) Integrators for Planetary Accretion in Binaries.

Measurement of the branching fractions of exclusive _B-->D(*)(pi)l-_nu l decays in events with a fully reconstructed B meson.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Bona, M; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Poireau, V; Prudent, X; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Garra Tico, J; Grauges, E; Lopez, L; Palano, A; Pappagallo, M; Eigen, G; Stugu, B; Sun, L; Abrams, G S; Battaglia, M; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Jacobsen, R G; Kadyk, J A; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; Lynch, G; Osipenkov, I L; Ronan, M T; Tackmann, K; Tanabe, T; Wenzel, W A; del Amo Sanchez, P; Hawkes, C M; Soni, N; Watson, A T; Koch, H; Schroeder, T; Walker, D; Asgeirsson, D J; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Fulsom, B G; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Barrett, M; Khan, A; Saleem, M; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Buzykaev, A R; Druzhinin, V P; Golubev, V B; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Todyshev, K Yu; Bondioli, M; Curry, S; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Lund, P; Mandelkern, M; Martin, E C; Stoker, D P; Abachi, S; Buchanan, C; Gary, J W; Liu, F; Long, O; Shen, B C; Vitug, G M; Yasin, Z; Zhang, L; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, S; Sharma, V; Campagnari, C; Hong, T M; Kovalskyi, D; Richman, J D; Beck, T W; Eisner, A M; Flacco, C J; Heusch, C A; Kroseberg, J; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Wilson, M G; Winstrom, L O; Chen, E; Cheng, C H; Doll, D A; Echenard, B; Fang, F; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Andreassen, R; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Mishra, K; Sokoloff, M D; Blanc, F; Bloom, P C; Ford, W T; Hirschauer, J F; Kreisel, A; Nagel, M; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Smith, J G; Ulmer, K A; Wagner, S R; Ayad, R; Gabareen, A M; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Altenburg, D D; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Jasper, H; Karbach, M; Merkel, J; Petzold, A; Spaan, B; Wacker, K; Klose, V; Kobel, M J; Lacker, H M; Mader, W F; Nogowski, R; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Sundermann, J E; Volk, A; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Latour, E; Thiebaux, Ch; Verderi, M; Clark, P J; Gradl, W; Playfer, S; Robertson, A I; Watson, J E; Andreotti, M; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cecchi, A; Cibinetto, G; Franchini, P; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Petrella, A; Piemontese, L; Prencipe, E; Santoro, V; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Pacetti, S; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Rama, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Contri, R; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Chaisanguanthum, K S; Morii, M; Dubitzky, R S; Marks, J; Schenk, S; Uwer, U; Bard, D J; Dauncey, P D; Nash, J A; Panduro Vazquez, W; Tibbetts, M; Behera, P K; Chai, X; Charles, M J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Dong, L; Eyges, V; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Rubin, A E; Gao, Y Y; Gritsan, A V; Guo, Z J; Lae, C K; Denig, A G; Fritsch, M; Schott, G; Arnaud, N; Béquilleux, J; D'Orazio, A; Davier, M; Firmino da Costa, J; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Lepeltier, V; Le Diberder, F; Lutz, A M; Pruvot, S; Roudeau, P; Schune, M H; Serrano, J; Sordini, V; Stocchi, A; Wang, W F; Wormser, G; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bingham, I; Burke, J P; Chavez, C A; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Hutchcroft, D E; Payne, D J; Touramanis, C; Bevan, A J; George, K A; Di Lodovico, F; Sacco, R; Sigamani, M; Cowan, G; Flaecher, H U; Hopkins, D A; Paramesvaran, S; Salvatore, F; Wren, A C; Brown, D N; Davis, C L; Alwyn, K E; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Chia, Y M; Edgar, C L; Lafferty, G D; West, T J; Yi, J I; Anderson, J; Chen, C; Jawahery, A; Roberts, D A; Simi, G; Tuggle, J M; Dallapiccola, C; Hertzbach, S S; Li, X; Salvati, E; Saremi, S; Cowan, R; Dujmic, D; Fisher, P H; Koeneke, K; Sciolla, G; Spitznagel, M; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Zhao, M; McLachlin, S E; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Lombardo, V; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Côté, D; Simard, M; Taras, P; Viaud, F B; Nicholson, H; De Nardo, G; Lista, L; Monorchio, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; Snoek, H L; Jessop, C P; Knoepfel, K J; LoSecco, J M; Benelli, G; Corwin, L A; Honscheid, K; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Morris, J P; Rahimi, A M; Regensburger, J J; Sekula, S J; Wong, Q K; Blount, N L; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Kolb, J A; Lu, M; Rahmat, R; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Strube, J; Torrence, E; Castelli, G; Gagliardi, N; Gaz, A; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Voci, C; Ben-Haim, E; Briand, H; Calderini, G; Chauveau, J; David, P; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; Leruste, Ph; Malclès, J; Ocariz, J; Perez, A; Prendki, J; Gladney, L; Biasini, M; Covarelli, R; Manoni, E; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Carpinelli, M; Cervelli, A; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Morganti, M; Mazur, M A; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rizzo, G; Walsh, J J; Biesiada, J; Lau, Y P; Lopes Pegna, D; Lu, C; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Telnov, A V; Baracchini, E; Cavoto, G; del Re, D; Di Marco, E; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Jackson, P D; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Polci, F; Renga, F; Voena, C; Ebert, M; Hartmann, T; Schröder, H; Waldi, R; Adye, T; Franek, B; Olaiya, E O; Roethel, W; Wilson, F F; Emery, S; Escalier, M; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Vasseur, G; Yèche, Ch; Zito, M; Chen, X R; Liu, H; Park, W; Purohit, M V; White, R M; Wilson, J R; Allen, M T; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Bechtle, P; Benitez, J F; Cenci, R; Coleman, J P; Convery, M R; Dingfelder, J C; Dorfan, J; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Graham, M T; Grenier, P; Hast, C; Innes, W R; Kaminski, J; Kelsey, M H; Kim, H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Li, S; Lindquist, B; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; MacFarlane, D B; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; Neal, H; Nelson, S; O'Grady, C P; Ofte, I; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Snyder, A; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Suzuki, K; Swain, S K; Thompson, J M; Va'vra, J; Wagner, A P; Weaver, M; Wisniewski, W J; Wittgen, M; Wright, D H; Wulsin, H W; Yarritu, A K; Yi, K; Young, C C; Ziegler, V; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Majewski, S A; Miyashita, T S; Petersen, B A; Wilden, L; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Bula, R; Ernst, J A; Pan, B; Saeed, M A; Zain, S B; Spanier, S M; Wogsland, B J; Eckmann, R; Ritchie, J L; Ruland, A M; Schilling, C J; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Gamba, D; Pelliccioni, M; Bomben, M; Bosisio, L; Cartaro, C; Cossutti, F; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Vitale, L; Azzolini, V; Lopez-March, N; Martinez-Vidal, F; Milanes, D A; Oyanguren, A; Albert, J; Banerjee, Sw; Bhuyan, B; Hamano, K; Kowalewski, R; Nugent, I M; Roney, J M; Sobie, R J; Gershon, T J; Harrison, P F; Ilic, J; Latham, T E; Mohanty, G B; Band, H R; Chen, X; Dasu, S; Flood, K T; Hollar, J J; Kutter, P E; Pan, Y; Pierini, M; Prepost, R; Vuosalo, C O; Wu, S L

2008-04-18

We report a measurement of the branching fractions for _B-->D(*)(pi)l- _nu(l) decays based on 341.1 fb(-1) of data collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II e+ e- storage rings. Events are tagged by fully reconstructing one of the B mesons in a hadronic decay mode. We obtain B(B- -->D(0)l-_nu(l)=(2.33+/-0.09(stat)+/-0.09(syst)%, B(B- -->D(*0)l-_nu(l)=(5.83+/-0.15(stat) +/-0.30(syst) %, B(_B(0)-->D+l-_nu(l)=(2.21+/-0.11(stat) +/-0.12(syst)%, B(_B(0)-->D(*)l-_nu(l)=(5.49+/-0.16(stat)+/-0.25(syst)%, B(B- -->D+pi-l-_nu(l)=(0.42+/-0.06(stat)+/-0.03(syst)%, B(B- -->D(*)+pi-l-_nu(l)=(0.59+/-0.05(stat)+/-0.04(syst)%, B(_B(0)-->D(0)pi+l-_nu(l)=(0.43+/-0.08(stat)+/-0.03(syst)%, and B(_B(0)-->D(*0)pi+l-_nu(l)=(0.48+/-0.08(stat)+/-0.04(syst)%.

Moments of the electron energy spectrum and partial branching fraction of B{yields}X{sub c}e{nu} decays at the Belle detector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Urquijo, P.; Barberio, E.; Dalseno, J.

2007-02-01

We report a measurement of the inclusive electron energy spectrum for charmed semileptonic decays of B mesons in a 140 fb{sup -1} data sample collected at the {upsilon}(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider. We determine the first four moments of the electron energy spectrum for threshold values of the electron energy between 0.4 and 2.0 GeV. In addition, we provide values of the partial branching fraction (zeroth moment) for the same electron threshold energies, and independent measurements of the B{sup +} and B{sup 0} partial branching fractions at 0.4 GeV andmore » 0.6 GeV electron threshold energies. We measure the independent B{sup +} and B{sup 0} partial branching fractions with electron threshold energies of 0.4 GeV to be {delta}B(B{sup +}{yields}X{sub c}e{nu})=(10.79{+-}0.25(stat.){+-}0.27(sys.))% and {delta}B(B{sup 0}{yields}X{sub c}e{nu})=(10.08{+-}0.30(stat.){+-}0.22(sys.))%. Full correlations between all measurements are evaluated.« less

Spectroscopy and Direct Products: Simpler yet Deeper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kettle, Sidney F. A.

2010-01-01

When irreducible representations are given in diagrammatic form, it is possible to show direct products pictorially. By giving a similar description of the electric vector associated with a light wave, group-theoretical selection rules (the requirement of a totally symmetric direct product) can also be shown in pictorial form. The [upsilon](CO)…

Stability Analysis of the Planetary System Orbiting Upsilon Andromedae. 2; Simulations Using New Lick Observatory Fits

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lissauer, Jack J.; Rivera, Eugenio J.; DeVincenzi, Donald (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

We present results of long-term numerical orbital integrations designed to test the stability of the three-planet system orbiting upsilon Andromedae and short-term integrations to test whether mutual perturbations among the planets can be used to determine planetary masses. Our initial conditions are based on recent fits to the radial velocity data obtained by the planet search group at Lick Observatory. The new fits result in significantly more stable systems than did the initially announced planetary parameters. Our integrations using the 2000 February parameters show that if the system is nearly planar, then it is stable for at least 100 Myr for m(sub f) = 1/sin i less than or = 4. In some stable systems, the eccentricity of the inner planet experiences large oscillations. The relative periastra of the outer two planets' orbits librate about 0 deg. in most of the stable systems; if future observations imply that the periastron longitudes of these planets are very closely aligned at the present epoch, dynamical simulations may provide precise estimates for the masses and orbital inclinations of these two planets.

Orbital Dynamics and Habitability of Exoplanets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deitrick, Russell J.

With the discoveries of thousands of extra-solar planets, a handful of which are terrestrial in size and located within the "habitable zone" of their host stars, the discovery of another instance of life in the universe seems increasingly within our grasp. Yet, a number of difficulties remain--with current and developing technologies, the full characterization of a terrestrial atmosphere and, hence, the detection of biosignatures will be extraordinarily difficult and expensive. Furthermore, observations will be ambiguous, as recent developments have shown that there is no "smoking gun" for the presence of life. Ultimately, the interpretation of observations will depend heavily upon our understanding of life's fundamental properties and the physical context of a planet's observed properties. This thesis is devoted to a development of the latter quantity, physical context, focusing on a topic oft-neglected in theoretical works of habitability: orbital dynamics. I show a number of ways in which orbital dynamics can affect the habitability of exoplanets. This work highlights the crucial role of stability, mutual inclinations, and resonances, demonstrating how these properties influence atmospheric states. Studies of exoplanetary systems tend to assume that the planets are coplanar, however, the large mutual inclination of the planets orbiting upsilon Andromedae suggests that coplanarity is not always a valid assumption. In my study of this system, I show that the large inclination between planets c and d and their large eccentricities lead to dramatic orbital variations. Though there is almost certainly no habitable planet orbiting upsilon And, the existence of this system demonstrates that we should expect other such dynamically "hot" planetary systems, some of which may contain potentially habitable planets. Minute variations in a planet's orbit can lead to changes in the global temperature, and indeed, these variations seem to be intimately connected to Earth's Pleistocene ice ages. Mutual inclinations lead not only to larger variations in a planet's obliquity, but also uncover secular spin-orbit resonances, which lead to yet more dramatic behavior. I modeled the obliquity evolution of planets in this highly non-linear dynamical regime. Connecting the dynamical models to an simple climate model with ice sheets, I modeled the effects of such dynamical evolution on an Earth-like planet's climate. As expected, such "exo-Milankovitch cycles" can be rapid and dramatic, often leading to complete collapse into a snowball state. By demonstrating a handful of the many ways dynamics can influence habitability, this research provides context to observations of exoplanets and connects to one of the key goals of astrobiology, to "Determine the potential for habitable planets beyond the Solar System, and characterize those that are observable" (Des Marais et al., 2008). It provides tools and techniques that may be used to help prioritize exoplanet targets for characterization missions when very little information is known other than orbital properties. It also demonstrates how orbital evolution affects observable quantities like albedo, and will assist in the interpretation of spectra.

Excited electronic state decomposition mechanisms and dynamics of nitramine energetic materials and model systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greenfield, Margo

Energetic materials play an important role in aeronautics, the weapon industry, and the propellant industry due to their broad applications as explosives and fuels. RDX (1,3,5-trinitrohexahydro-s-triazine), HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), and CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane) are compounds which contain high energy density. Although RDX and HMX have been studied extensively over the past several decades a complete understanding of their decomposition mechanisms and dynamics is unknown. Time of flight mass spectroscopy (TOFMS) UV photodissociation (ns) experiments of gas phase RDX, HMX, and CL-20 generate the NO molecule as the initial decomposition product. Four different vibronic transitions of the initial decomposition product, the NO molecule, are observed: A2Sigma(upsilon'=0)←X 2pi(upsilon"=0,1,2,3). Simulations of the rovibronic intensities for the A←X transitions demonstrate that NO dissociated from RDX, HMX, and CL-20 is rotationally cold (˜20 K) and vibrationally hot (˜1800 K). Conversely, experiments on the five model systems (nitromethane, dimethylnitramine (DMNA), nitropyrrolidine, nitropiperidine and dinitropiperazine) produce rotationally hot and vibrationally cold spectra. Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) experiments are performed to rule out the possible decomposition product OH, generated along with NO, perhaps from the suggested HONO elimination mechanism. The OH radical is not observed in the fluorescence experiments, indicating the HONO decomposition intermediate is not an important pathway for the excited electronic state decomposition of cyclic nitramines. The NO molecule is also employed to measure the dynamics of the excited state decomposition. A 226 nm, 180 fs light pulse is utilized to photodissociate the gas phase systems. Stable ion states of DMNA and nitropyrrolidine are observed while the energetic materials and remaining model systems present the NO molecule as the only observed product. Pump-probe transients of the resonant A←X (0-0) transition of the NO molecule show a constant signal indicating these materials decompose faster than the time duration of the 226 nm laser light. Calculational results together with the experimental results indicate the energetic materials decompose through an internal conversion to very highly excited (˜5 eV of vibrational energy) vibrational states of their ground electronic state, while the model systems follow an excited electronic state decomposition pathway.

Update on Angles and Sides of the CKM Unitarity Triangle from BaBar

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, Chih-hsiang; /Caltech

2011-11-14

We report several recent updates from the BABAR Collaboration on the matrix elements |V{sub cb}|, |V{sub ub}|, and |V{sub td}| of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix, and the angles {beta} and {alpha} of the unitarity triangle. Most results presented here are using the full BABAR {Upsilon}(4S) data set.

Iterative direct inversion: An exact complementary solution for inverting fault-slip data to obtain palaeostresses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mostafa, Mostafa E.

2005-10-01

The present study shows that reconstructing the reduced stress tensor (RST) from the measurable fault-slip data (FSD) and the immeasurable shear stress magnitudes (SSM) is a typical iteration problem. The result of direct inversion of FSD presented by Angelier [1990. Geophysical Journal International 103, 363-376] is considered as a starting point (zero step iteration) where all SSM are assigned constant value ( λ=√{3}/2). By iteration, the SSM and RST update each other until they converge to fixed values. Angelier [1990. Geophysical Journal International 103, 363-376] designed the function upsilon ( υ) and the two estimators: relative upsilon (RUP) and (ANG) to express the divergence between the measured and calculated shear stresses. Plotting individual faults' RUP at successive iteration steps shows that they tend to zero (simulated data) or to fixed values (real data) at a rate depending on the orientation and homogeneity of the data. FSD of related origin tend to aggregate in clusters. Plots of the estimators ANG versus RUP show that by iteration, labeled data points are disposed in clusters about a straight line. These two new plots form the basis of a technique for separating FSD into homogeneous clusters.

Probing for new physics in B meson decays with dilepton events

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Woochun

We have searched a sample of 9.6 M BB¯ events collected with the CLEO II detector in e+e - annihilations at the Upsilon(4S) resonance for B meson decays as follows: (1) The flavor-changing neutral current decays, B → K ℓ +ℓ- and B → K*(892)ℓ+ℓ- with mℓℓ > 0.5 GeV. (2) The lepton-flavor-violating decays, B → h e+/-mu ∓, B+ → h -e+e +, B+ → h -e+mu+, and B+ → h-mu +mu+, where h is pi, K, rho and K*(892), a total of sixteen modes. (3) The lepton-flavor-violating leptonic decays including tau lepton, B0 → mu+/-tau ∓ and B0 → e +/-tau∓. We find no evidence for these decays, and place 90% confidence level upper limits on their branching fractions: (1) B (B → K ℓ+ℓ -) < 1.7 x 10-6 and B (B → K*ℓ+ℓ -) mℓℓ > 0.5GeV < 3.3 x 10-6. (2) B (B → h ℓ ℓ) upper limits range from 1.0 to 8.0 x 10-6. (3) B (B0 → mu+/-tau ∓) < 3.8 x 10-5 and B (B0 → e +/-tau∓) < 1.3 x 10-4 .

Measurement of semileptonic B decays into orbitally excited charmed mesons.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Bona, M; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Poireau, V; Prencipe, E; Prudent, X; Tisserand, V; Garra Tico, J; Grauges, E; Lopez, L; Palano, A; Pappagallo, M; Eigen, G; Stugu, B; Sun, L; Abrams, G S; Battaglia, M; Brown, D N; Cahn, R N; Jacobsen, R G; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Lynch, G; Osipenkov, I L; Ronan, M T; Tackmann, K; Tanabe, T; Hawkes, C M; Soni, N; Watson, A T; Koch, H; Schroeder, T; Walker, D; Asgeirsson, D J; Fulsom, B G; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Barrett, M; Khan, A; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Buzykaev, A R; Druzhinin, V P; Golubev, V B; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Todyshev, K Yu; Bondioli, M; Curry, S; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Lund, P; Mandelkern, M; Martin, E C; Stoker, D P; Abachi, S; Buchanan, C; Gary, J W; Liu, F; Long, O; Shen, B C; Vitug, G M; Yasin, Z; Zhang, L; Sharma, V; Campagnari, C; Hong, T M; Kovalskyi, D; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Beck, T W; Eisner, A M; Flacco, C J; Heusch, C A; Kroseberg, J; Lockman, W S; Martinez, A J; Schalk, T; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Wilson, M G; Winstrom, L O; Cheng, C H; Doll, D A; Echenard, B; Fang, F; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Andreassen, R; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Mishra, K; Sokoloff, M D; Bloom, P C; Ford, W T; Gaz, A; Hirschauer, J F; Nagel, M; Nauenberg, U; Smith, J G; Ulmer, K A; Wagner, S R; Ayad, R; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Altenburg, D D; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Jasper, H; Karbach, M; Merkel, J; Petzold, A; Spaan, B; Wacker, K; Kobel, M J; Mader, W F; Nogowski, R; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Volk, A; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Latour, E; Verderi, M; Clark, P J; Playfer, S; Watson, J E; Andreotti, M; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cecchi, A; Cibinetto, G; Franchini, P; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Petrella, A; Piemontese, L; Santoro, V; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Pacetti, S; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Rama, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Contri, R; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Chaisanguanthum, K S; Morii, M; Adametz, A; Marks, J; Schenk, S; Uwer, U; Klose, V; Lacker, H M; Bard, D J; Dauncey, P D; Nash, J A; Tibbetts, M; Behera, P K; Chai, X; Charles, M J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Dong, L; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Rubin, A E; Gao, Y Y; Gritsan, A V; Guo, Z J; Lae, C K; Arnaud, N; Béquilleux, J; D'Orazio, A; Davier, M; Firmino da Costa, J; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Lepeltier, V; Le Diberder, F; Lutz, A M; Pruvot, S; Roudeau, P; Schune, M H; Serrano, J; Sordini, V; Stocchi, A; Wormser, G; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bingham, I; Burke, J P; Chavez, C A; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Hutchcroft, D E; Payne, D J; Touramanis, C; Bevan, A J; Clarke, C K; George, K A; Di Lodovico, F; Sacco, R; Sigamani, M; Cowan, G; Flaecher, H U; Hopkins, D A; Paramesvaran, S; Salvatore, F; Wren, A C; Brown, D N; Davis, C L; Denig, A G; Fritsch, M; Gradl, W; Schott, G; Alwyn, K E; Bailey, D; Barlow, R J; Chia, Y M; Edgar, C L; Jackson, G; Lafferty, G D; West, T J; Yi, J I; Anderson, J; Chen, C; Jawahery, A; Roberts, D A; Simi, G; Tuggle, J M; Dallapiccola, C; Li, X; Salvati, E; Saremi, S; Cowan, R; Dujmic, D; Fisher, P H; Sciolla, G; Spitznagel, M; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Zhao, M; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Lombardo, V; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Simard, M; Taras, P; Viaud, F B; Nicholson, H; De Nardo, G; Lista, L; Monorchio, D; Onorato, G; Sciacca, C; Raven, G; Snoek, H L; Jessop, C P; Knoepfel, K J; Losecco, J M; Wang, W F; Benelli, G; Corwin, L A; Honscheid, K; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Morris, J P; Rahimi, A M; Regensburger, J J; Sekula, S J; Wong, Q K; Blount, N L; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Kolb, J A; Lu, M; Rahmat, R; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Strube, J; Torrence, E; Castelli, G; Gagliardi, N; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Voci, C; Del Amo Sanchez, P; Ben-Haim, E; Briand, H; Calderini, G; Chauveau, J; David, P; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Perez, A; Prendki, J; Sitt, S; Gladney, L; Biasini, M; Covarelli, R; Manoni, E; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Carpinelli, M; Cervelli, A; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rizzo, G; Walsh, J J; Lopes Pegna, D; Lu, C; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Telnov, A V; Anulli, F; Baracchini, E; Cavoto, G; Del Re, D; Di Marco, E; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Jackson, P D; Li Gioi, L; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Polci, F; Renga, F; Voena, C; Ebert, M; Hartmann, T; Schröder, H; Waldi, R; Adye, T; Franek, B; Olaiya, E O; Wilson, F F; Emery, S; Escalier, M; Esteve, L; Ganzhur, S F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Vasseur, G; Yèche, Ch; Zito, M; Chen, X R; Liu, H; Park, W; Purohit, M V; White, R M; Wilson, J R; Allen, M T; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Bechtle, P; Benitez, J F; Cenci, R; Coleman, J P; Convery, M R; Dingfelder, J C; Dorfan, J; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Gabareen, A M; Gowdy, S J; Graham, M T; Grenier, P; Hast, C; Innes, W R; Kaminski, J; Kelsey, M H; Kim, H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Li, S; Lindquist, B; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Macfarlane, D B; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; Neal, H; Nelson, S; O'Grady, C P; Ofte, I; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Snyder, A; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Suzuki, K; Swain, S K; Thompson, J M; Va'vra, J; Wagner, A P; Weaver, M; West, C A; Wisniewski, W J; Wittgen, M; Wright, D H; Wulsin, H W; Yarritu, A K; Yi, K; Young, C C; Ziegler, V; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Majewski, S A; Miyashita, T S; Petersen, B A; Wilden, L; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Pan, B; Saeed, M A; Zain, S B; Spanier, S M; Wogsland, B J; Eckmann, R; Ritchie, J L; Ruland, A M; Schilling, C J; Schwitters, R F; Drummond, B W; Izen, J M; Lou, X C; Bianchi, F; Gamba, D; Pelliccioni, M; Bomben, M; Bosisio, L; Cartaro, C; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Vitale, L; Azzolini, V; Lopez-March, N; Martinez-Vidal, F; Milanes, D A; Oyanguren, A; Albert, J; Banerjee, Sw; Bhuyan, B; Choi, H H F; Hamano, K; Kowalewski, R; Lewczuk, M J; Nugent, I M; Roney, J M; Sobie, R J; Gershon, T J; Harrison, P F; Ilic, J; Latham, T E; Mohanty, G B; Band, H R; Chen, X; Dasu, S; Flood, K T; Pan, Y; Pierini, M; Prepost, R; Vuosalo, C O; Wu, S L

2009-07-31

We present a study of B decays into semileptonic final states containing charged and neutral D1(2420) and D_{2};{*}(2460). The analysis is based on a data sample of 208 fb;{-1} collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. With a simultaneous fit to four different decay chains, the semileptonic branching fractions are extracted from measurements of the mass difference Deltam=m(D;{**})-m(D) distributions. Product branching fractions are determined to be B(B;{+}-->D_{1};{0}l;{+}nu_{l})xB(D_{1};{0}-->D;{*+}pi;{-})=(2.97+/-0.17+/-0.17)x10;{-3}, B(B;{+}-->D_{2};{*0}l;{+}nu_{l})xB(D_{2};{*0}-->D;{(*)+}pi;{-})=(2.29+/-0.23+/-0.21)x10;{-3}, B(B;{0}-->D_{1};{-}l;{+}nu_{l})xB(D_{1};{-}-->D;{*0}pi;{-})=(2.78+/-0.24+/-0.25)x10;{-3} and B(B;{0}-->D_{2};{*-}l;{+}nu_{l})xB(D_{2};{*-}-->D;{(*)0}pi;{-})=(1.77+/-0.26+/-0.11)x10;{-3}. In addition we measure the branching ratio Gamma(D_{2};{*}-->Dpi;{-})/Gamma(D_{2};{*}-->D;{(*)}pi;{-})=0.62+/-0.03+/-0.02.

A binary link tracker for the BaBar level 1 trigger system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Berenyi, A.; Chen, H.K.; Dao, K.

1999-08-01

The BaBar detector at PEP-II will operate in a high-luminosity e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} collider environment near the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the primary goal of studying CP violation in the B meson system. In this environment, typical physics events of interest involve multiple charged particles. These events are identified by counting these tracks in a fast first level (Level 1) trigger system, by reconstructing the tracks in real time. For this purpose, a Binary Link Tracker Module (BLTM) was designed and fabricated for the BaBar Level 1 Drift Chamber trigger system. The BLTM is responsible for linking track segments, constructed bymore » the Track Segment Finder Modules (TSFM), into complete tracks. A single BLTM module processes a 360 MBytes/s stream of segment hit data, corresponding to information from the entire Drift Chamber, and implements a fast and robust algorithm that tolerates high hit occupancies as well as local inefficiencies of the Drift Chamber. The algorithms and the necessary control logic of the BLTM were implemented in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), using the VHDL hardware description language. The finished 9U x 400 mm Euro-format board contains roughly 75,000 gates of programmable logic or about 10,000 lines of VHDL code synthesized into five FPGAs.« less

Production and Decay of {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} at BABAR

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Boutigny, D.

Using 116.1 fb{sup -1} of data collected by the BABAR detector, we present an analysis of {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} production in B decays and from the cc continuum, with the {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} decaying into {omega}{sup -}K{sup +} and {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} final states. We measure the ratio of branching fractions B({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{omega}{sup -}K{sup +})/B({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) to be 0.294{+-}0.018{+-}0.016, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} momentum spectrum is measured on and 40 MeV below the {upsilon}(4S) resonance. From these spectra the branching fraction product B(B{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}X)xB({xi}{submore » c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) is measured to be (2.11{+-}0.19{+-}0.25)x10{sup -4}, and the cross-section product {sigma}(e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}X)xB({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) from the continuum is measured to be (388{+-}39{+-}41) fb at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV.« less

Measurements of CP Asymmetries in the Decay B --> {phi}K

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B

The authors present a preliminary measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry for the neutral B-meson decay B{sup 0} --> {phi}K{sup 0}. They use a sample of approximately 227 million B-meson pairs recorded at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B-meson Factory at SLAC. They reconstruct the CP eigenstates {phi}K{sub s}{sup 0} and {phi}K{sub L}{sup 0} where {phi} --> K{sup +}K{sup -}, K{sub s}{sup 0} --> {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, and K{sub L}{sup 0} is observed via its hadronic interactions. The other B meson in the event is tagged as either a B{sup 0} or {bar B}{sup 0}more » from its decay products. The values of the CP-violation parameters deived from the combined {phi}K{sup 0} dataset are S{sub {phi}K} = +0.50 {+-} 0.25(stat.){sub -0.04}{sup +0.07}(syst.) and C{sub {phi}K} = 0.00 {+-} 0.23(stat.) {+-}0.05(syst.). In addition, the authors measure the CP-violating charge asymmetry A{sub CP}(B{sup +} --> {phi}K{sup +}) = 0.054 {+-} 0.056(stat.) {+-} 0.012(syst.). All results are preliminary.« less

Bimetric MOND gravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Milgrom, Mordehai

2009-12-15

A new relativistic formulation of MOND is advanced, involving two metrics as independent degrees of freedom: the MOND metric g{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}}, to which alone matter couples, and an auxiliary metric g-circumflex{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}}. The main idea hinges on the fact that we can form tensors from the difference of the Levi-Civita connections of the two metrics, C{sub {beta}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {alpha}}={gamma}{sub {beta}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {alpha}}-{gamma}-circumflex{sub {beta}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {alpha}}, and these act like gravitational accelerations. In the context of MOND, we can form dimensionless 'acceleration' scalars and functions thereof (containing only first derivatives) from contractions of a{sub 0}{sup -1}C{sub {beta}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {alpha}}.more » I look at a subclass of bimetric MOND theories governed by the action I=-(16{pi}G){sup -1}{integral}[{beta}g{sup 1/2}R+{alpha}g-circumflex{sup 1/2}R-circumflex-2(gg-circumflex){sup 1/4}f({kappa})a{sub 0}{sup 2} M({upsilon}-tilde/a{sub 0}{sup 2})]d{sup 4}x+I{sub M}(g{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}},{psi}{sub i})+I-circumflex{sub M}(g-circumflex{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}},{chi}{sub i}), with {upsilon}-tilde as a scalar quadratic in the C{sub {beta}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {alpha}}, {kappa}=(g/g-circumflex){sup 1/4}, I{sub M} as the matter action, and allow for the existence of twin matter that couples to g-circumflex{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}} alone. Thus, gravity is modified not by modifying the elasticity of the space-time in which matter lives, but by the interaction between that space-time and the auxiliary one. In particular, I concentrate on the interesting and simple choice {upsilon}-tilde{proportional_to}g{sup {mu}}{sup {nu}}(C{sub {mu}}{sub {lambda}}{sup {gamma}}C{sub {nu}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {lambda}}-C{sub {mu}}{sub {nu}}{sup {gamma}}C{sub {lambda}}{sub {gamma}}{sup {lambda}}). This theory introduces only one new constant, a{sub 0}; it tends simply to general relativity (GR) in the limit a{sub 0}{yields}0 and to a phenomenologically valid MOND theory in the nonrelativistic limit. The theory naturally gives MOND and 'dark energy' effects from the same term in the action, both controlled by the MOND constant a{sub 0}. In regards to gravitational lensing by nonrelativistic systems-a holy grail for relativistic MOND theories-the theory predicts that the same potential that controls massive-particle motion also dictates lensing in the same way as in GR: Lensing and massive-particle probing of galactic fields will require the same 'halo' of dark matter to explain the departure of the present theory from GR. This last result can be modified with other choices of {upsilon}-tilde, but lensing is still enhanced and MOND-like, with an effective logarithmic potential.« less

The immunoglobulin heavy chain locus of the duck. Genomic organization and expression of D, J, and C region genes.

PubMed

Lundqvist, M L; Middleton, D L; Hazard, S; Warr, G W

2001-12-14

The region of the duck IgH locus extending from upstream of the proximal diversity (D) segment to downstream of the constant gene cluster has been cloned and mapped. A sequence contig of 48,796 base pairs established that the organization of the genes is D-J(H)-mu-alpha-upsilon. No evidence for a functional homologue (or remnant) of a delta gene was found. The alpha gene is in inverted transcriptional orientation; class switch to IgA expression thus requires inversion of the approximately 27-kilobase pair region that includes both mu and alpha genes. The secreted forms of duck alpha and mu are each encoded by 4 constant region exons, and the hydrophobic C-terminal regions of the membrane receptor forms of alpha and mu are encoded by one and two transmembrane exons, respectively. Putative switch (S) regions were identified for duck mu and upsilon by comparison with chicken Smu and Supsilon sequences and for duck alpha by comparison with mouse Salpha. The duck IgH locus is rich in complex variable number tandem repeats, which occupy approximately 60% of the sequenced region, and occur at a much higher frequency in the IgH locus than in other sequenced regions of the duck genome.

Molecular dynamics studies of polyethylene oxide and polyethylene glycol: hydrodynamic radius and shape anisotropy.

PubMed

Lee, Hwankyu; Venable, Richard M; Mackerell, Alexander D; Pastor, Richard W

2008-08-01

A revision (C35r) to the CHARMM ether force field is shown to reproduce experimentally observed conformational populations of dimethoxyethane. Molecular dynamics simulations of 9, 18, 27, and 36-mers of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and 27-mers of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in water based on C35r yield a persistence length lambda = 3.7 A, in quantitative agreement with experimentally obtained values of 3.7 A for PEO and 3.8 A for PEG; agreement with experimental values for hydrodynamic radii of comparably sized PEG is also excellent. The exponent upsilon relating the radius of gyration and molecular weight (R(g) proportional, variantM(w)(upsilon)) of PEO from the simulations equals 0.515 +/- 0.023, consistent with experimental observations that low molecular weight PEG behaves as an ideal chain. The shape anisotropy of hydrated PEO is 2.59:1.44:1.00. The dimension of the middle length for each of the polymers nearly equals the hydrodynamic radius R(h)obtained from diffusion measurements in solution. This explains the correspondence of R(h) and R(p), the pore radius of membrane channels: a polymer such as PEG diffuses with its long axis parallel to the membrane channel, and passes through the channel without substantial distortion.

A measurement of B0 meson properties using partially reconstructed B0 to D*- pi+ and B0 tp D*- lepton+ nu-lepton decays with the BABAR detector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

The two B{sup 0} decay processes B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -} {pi}{sup +} and B{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup -} {ell}{sup +} {nu}{sub {ell}} have been studied by means of a partial reconstruction technique using a data sample collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring. To increase statistics, only the soft {pi}{sup -} from the decay D*{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup -} D{sup 0} was used in association with either an oppositely-charged high-momentum pion or lepton. Events were then identified by exploiting the constraints from the simple kinematics of {Upsilon}(4S) decays. A clear signature is obtained in each case.more » The position of the B{sup 0} decay point was obtained from the reconstructed {pi}{sup +} ({ell}{sup +}){pi}{sup -} vertex. The position of the other {bar B}{sup 0} in the event was also determined. Taking advantage of the boost given to the {Upsilon}(4S) system by the asymmetric beam energies of PEP-II, the lifetime of the B{sup 0} meson has been measured from the separation distance between the two vertices along the beam direction.« less

An Investigation of Partizan Misere Games

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allen, Meghan Rose

2010-08-01

Combinatorial games are played under two different play conventions: normal play, where the last player to move wins, and mis play, where the last player to move loses. Combinatorial games are also classified into impartial positions and partizan positions, where a position is impartial if both players have the same available moves and partizan otherwise. Mis play games lack many of the useful calculational and theoretical properties of normal play games. Until Plambeck's indistinguishability quotient and mis monoid theory were developed in 2004, research on mis play games had stalled. This thesis investigates partizan combinatorial mis play games, by taking Plambeck's indistinguishability and mis monoid theory for impartial positions and extending it to partizan ones, as well as examining the difficulties in constructing a category of mis play games in a similar manner to Joyal's category of normal play games. This thesis succeeds in finding an infinite set of positions which each have finite mis monoid, examining conditions on positions for when * + * is equivalent to 0, finding a set of positions which have Tweedledum-Tweedledee type strategy, and the two most important results of this thesis: giving necessary and sufficient conditions on a set of positions Upsilon such that the mis monoid of Upsilon is the same as the mis monoid of * and giving a construction theorem which builds all positions ξ such that the mis monoid of ξ is the same as the mis monoid of *.

Zonal Winds Between 25 and 120 Km Retrieved from Solar Occultation Spectra. Ph.D. Thesis Final Report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Vancleef, Garrett Warren; Shaw, John H.

1989-01-01

Atmospheric winds at heights between 25 and 120 km have been retrieved with precisions of 5/ms from the Doppler shifts of atmospheric absorption lines measured from a satellite-borne instrument. Lines of the upsilon 3 CO2 and upsilon 2 H2O rotation-vibration bands caused by gases in the instrument allowed the instrumental frequency scale to be absolutely calibrated so that accurate relative speeds could be obtained. By comparing the positions of both sets of instrumental lines the calibration of the frequency scale was determined to be stable to a precision of less than 2 x 10(-5) cm during the course of each occultation. It was found that the instrumental resolution of 0.015 cm after apodization, the signal to noise ratio of about 100 and stable calibration allowed relative speeds to be determined to a precision of 5 ms or better by using small numbers of absorption lines between 1600 and 3200 cm. Absolute absorption line positions were simultaneously recovered to precisions of 5 x 10(-5) cm or better. The wind speed profiles determined from four sunset occultations and one sunrise occultation show remarkable similarities in the magnitudes and directions of the zonal wind velocities as functions of height. These wind profiles appear to be manifestations of atmospheric tides.

Evidence for simultaneous production of $$J/\\psi$$ and $$\\Upsilon$$ mesons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abazov, Victor Mukhamedovich

We report evidence for the simultaneous production of J/ψ and Υ mesons in 8.1 fb -1 of data collected at √s =1.96 TeV by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab pp - Tevatron Collider. Events with these characteristics are expected to be produced predominantly by gluon-gluon interactions. In our analysis, we extract the effective cross section characterizing the initial parton spatial distribution, σ eff = 2.2 ± 0.7 (stat) ± 0.9 (syst) mb.

Evidence for simultaneous production of $$J/\\psi$$ and $$\\Upsilon$$ mesons

DOE PAGES

Abazov, Victor Mukhamedovich

2016-02-25

We report evidence for the simultaneous production of J/ψ and Υ mesons in 8.1 fb -1 of data collected at √s =1.96 TeV by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab pp - Tevatron Collider. Events with these characteristics are expected to be produced predominantly by gluon-gluon interactions. In our analysis, we extract the effective cross section characterizing the initial parton spatial distribution, σ eff = 2.2 ± 0.7 (stat) ± 0.9 (syst) mb.

Participation in the ARGUS experiment at the DORIS Collider at Desy, Hamburg, Germany and participation in the AMY experiment at the TRISTAN Collider in Tsukuba, Japan: 1986 progress report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Darden, C.

1987-01-01

Progress is reported on the AMY and ARGUS detectors, as well as plans for the next funding period. The AMY detector is reported as well on the way to completion, but not yet ready to take data. The ARGUS detector is reported to have completed its fourth year of operation. Some upsilon 1S decay data are discussed. 37 refs. (LEW)

Heavy Quark Effective Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manohar, A. V.

2003-02-01

These lecture notes present some of the basic ideas of heavy quark effective theory. The topics covered include the classification of states, the derivation of the HQET Lagrangian at tree level, hadron masses, meson form factors, Luke's theorem, reparameterization invariance and inclusive decays. Radiative corrections are discussed in some detail, including an explicit computation of a matching correction for HQET. Borel summability, renormalons, and their connection with the QCD perturbation series is covered, as well as the use of the upsilon expansion to improve the convergence of the perturbation series.

Observation of the rare decay B{sup +}{yields}K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} and measurement of the quasi-two-body contributions B{sup +}{yields}K*(892){sup +}{pi}{sup 0}, B{sup +}{yields}f{sub 0}(980)K{sup +}, and B{sup +}{yields}{chi}{sub c0}K{sup +}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V.; Tisserand, V.

We report an analysis of charmless hadronic decays of charged B mesons to the final state K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, using a data sample of (470.9{+-}2.8)x10{sup 6} BB events collected with the BABAR detector at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. We observe an excess of signal events, with a significance above 10 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties, and measure the branching fraction and CP asymmetry to be B(B{sup +}{yields}K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})=(16.2{+-}1.2{+-}1.5)x10{sup -6} and A{sub CP}(B{sup +}{yields}K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})=-0.06{+-}0.06{+-}0.04, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. Additionally, we study the contributions of the B{sup +}{yields}K{sup *}(892){sup +}{pi}{sup 0}, B{sup +}{yields}f{submore » 0}(980)K{sup +}, and B{sup +}{yields}{chi}{sub c0}K{sup +} quasi-two-body decays. We report the world's best measurements of the branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the B{sup +}{yields}K{sup +}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} and B{sup +}{yields}K{sup *}(892){sup +}{pi}{sup 0} channels.« less

Measurement of the B0 ---> Psi (2S) Lambda0 Branching Fraction on BaBar at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (Abstract Only)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Olivas, Alexander Raymond, Jr.; /Colorado U.

2005-11-16

The decays of B{sup 0} mesons to hadronic final states remains a rich area of physics on BaBar. Not only do the c{bar c}-K final states (e.g. B{sup 0} {yields} {psi}(2S)K{sup 0}) allow for the measurement of CP Violation, but the branching fractions provide a sensitive test of the theoretical methods used to account for low energy non-perturbative QCD effects. They present the measurement of the branching fraction for the decay B{sup 0} {yields} {psi}(2S)K{sub s}. The data set consists of 88.8 {+-} 1.0 x 10{sup 6} B{bar b} pairs collected on the e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} {Upsilon}(4S) resonance onmore » BaBar/PEP-II at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). This analysis features a modification of present cuts, with respect to those published so far on BaBar, on the K{sub S} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and {psi}(2S) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} which aim at reducing the background while keeping the signal intact. Various data selection criteria are studied for the lepton modes (e{sup +}e{sup -} and {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}) of the J/{psi} and {psi}(2S) to improve signal purity as well as study the stability of the resultant branching fractions.« less

On P2 ⋄ Pn -supermagic labeling of edge corona product of cycle and path graph

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yulianto, R.; Martini, Titin S.

2018-04-01

A simple graph G = (V, E) admits a H-covering, where H is subgraph of G, if every edge in E belongs to a subgraph of G isomorphic to H. Graph G is H-magic if there is a total labeling f:V(G)\\cup E(G)\\to 1,2,\\ldots,|V(G)|+|E(G)|, such that each subgraph {H}{\\prime }=({V}{\\prime },{E}{\\prime }) of G isomorphic to H and satisfying f{({H}{\\prime })}=def{\\sum }\\upsilon \\in {V{\\prime }}f(\\upsilon )+{\\sum }e\\in {E{\\prime }}f(e)=m(f) where m(f) is a constant magic sum. Additionaly, G admits H-supermagic if f(V)=1,2,\\ldots,|V|. The edge corona {C}n \\diamond {P}n of Cn and Pn is defined as the graph obtained by taking one copy of Cn and n copies of Pn , and then joining two end-vertices of the i-th edge of Cn to every vertex in the i-th copy of Pn . This research aim is to find H-supermagic covering on an edge corona product of cycle and path graph {C}n \\diamond {P}n where H is {P}2 \\diamond {P}n. We use k-balanced multiset to solve our reserarch. Here, we find that an edge corona product of cycle and path graph {C}n \\diamond {P}n is {P}2 \\diamond {P}n supermagic for n > 3.

Study of high momentum eta' production in B --> eta'Xs.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Couderc, F; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Morgan, S E; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Fritsch, M; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Layter, J; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spradlin, P; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Erwin, R J; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Feltresi, E; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Bard, D J; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Dubitzky, R S; Langenegger, U; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Mohanty, G B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Hulsbergen, W D; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; Wilden, L; Jessop, C P; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Allmendinger, T; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Ter-Antonyan, R; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Anulli, F; Biasini, M; Peruzzi, I M; Pioppi, M; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Cristinziani, M; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Elsen, E E; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Satpathy, A; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Cossutti, F; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-08-06

We measure the branching fraction for the charmless semi-inclusive process B --> eta'Xs, where the eta' meson has a momentum in the range 2.0 to 2.7 GeV/c in the upsilon4S center-of-mass frame and Xs represents a system comprising a kaon and zero to four pions. We find B(B --> eta'Xs) = [3.9 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 0.5(syst) +/- 0.8(model)] x 10(-4). We also obtain the Xs mass spectrum and find that it fits models predicting high masses.

Measurement of the branching fraction and polarization for the decay B--->D*0K*-.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kral, J F; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Barlow, N R; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Shen, B C; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Kuznetsova, N; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Biasini, M; Calcaterra, A; De Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Pioppi, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Sanders, P; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Strother, P; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, R J; Forti, A C; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Hast, C; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Tanaka, H A; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Coupal, D P; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Grauges-Pous, E; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W G S; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Robertson, S H; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-04-09

We present a study of the decay B--->D(*0)K(*-) based on a sample of 86 x 10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BBmacr; decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We measure the branching fraction B(B--->D(*0)K(*-))=(8.3+/-1.1(stat)+/-1.0(syst)) x 10(-4), and the fraction of longitudinal polarization in this decay to be Gamma(L)/Gamma=0.86+/-0.06(stat)+/-0.03(syst).

Hybrid TLC-pair meter for the Sphinx Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wada, T.; Yamamoto, I.; Takahashi, N.; Misaki, A.

1985-01-01

The chief aims in THE SPHINX PROJECT are research of super lepton physics and new detector experiments. At the second phase of THE SPHINX PROJECT, a hybrid TLC-PAIR METER was designed for measuring high energy neutrino sources (E upsilon * TeV), searching high energy muon sources (E mu TeV) and measuring muon group (E mu 1 TeV). The principle of PAIR METER has been already proposed. In this TLC-PAIR METER, electromagnetic shower induced by cosmic ray muons are detected using TL (Thermoluminescence) sheets with position counters.

Detection of Water Vapor in the Thermal Spectrum of the Non-transiting Hot Jupiter Upsilon Andromedae b

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piskorz, Danielle; Benneke, Björn; Crockett, Nathan R.; Lockwood, Alexandra C.; Blake, Geoffrey A.; Barman, Travis S.; Bender, Chad F.; Carr, John S.; Johnson, John A.

2017-08-01

The Upsilon Andromedae system was the first multi-planet system discovered orbiting a main-sequence star. We describe the detection of water vapor in the atmosphere of the innermost non-transiting gas giant ups And b by treating the star-planet system as a spectroscopic binary with high-resolution, ground-based spectroscopy. We resolve the signal of the planet’s motion and break the mass-inclination degeneracy for this non-transiting planet via deep combined flux observations of the star and the planet. In total, seven epochs of Keck NIRSPEC L band observations, three epochs of Keck NIRSPEC short-wavelength K band observations, and three epochs of Keck NIRSPEC long wavelength K band observations of the ups And system were obtained. We perform a multi-epoch cross-correlation of the full data set with an atmospheric model. We measure the radial projection of the Keplerian velocity (K P = 55 ± 9 km s-1), true mass ({M}{{b}}={1.7}-0.24+0.33 M J), and orbital inclination (I b 24° ± 4°), and determine that the planet’s opacity structure is dominated by water vapor at the probed wavelengths. Dynamical simulations of the planets in the ups And system with these orbital elements for ups And b show that stable, long-term (100 Myr) orbital configurations exist. These measurements will inform future studies of the stability and evolution of the ups And system, as well as the atmospheric structure and composition of the hot Jupiter.

Guaranteeing synchronous message deadlines with the timed token medium access control protocol

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Agrawal, Gopal; Chen, Baio; Zhao, Wei; Davari, Sadegh

1992-01-01

We study the problem of guaranteeing synchronous message deadlines in token ring networks where the timed token medium access control protocol is employed. Synchronous capacity, defined as the maximum time for which a node can transmit its synchronous messages every time it receives the token, is a key parameter in the control of synchronous message transmission. To ensure the transmission of synchronous messages before their deadlines, synchronous capacities must be properly allocated to individual nodes. We address the issue of appropriate allocation of the synchronous capacities. Several synchronous capacity allocation schemes are analyzed in terms of their ability to satisfy deadline constraints of synchronous messages. We show that an inappropriate allocation of the synchronous capacities could cause message deadlines to be missed even if the synchronous traffic is extremely low. We propose a scheme called the normalized proportional allocation scheme which can guarantee the synchronous message deadlines for synchronous traffic of up to 33 percent of available utilization. To date, no other synchronous capacity allocation scheme has been reported to achieve such substantial performance. Another major contribution of this paper is an extension to the previous work on the bounded token rotation time. We prove that the time elapsed between any consecutive visits to a particular node is bounded by upsilon TTRT, where TTRT is the target token rotation time set up at system initialization time. The previous result by Johnson and Sevcik is a special case where upsilon = 2. We use this result in the analysis of various synchronous allocation schemes. It can also be applied in other similar studies.

Nurses' knowledge of the code for nurses.

PubMed

Miller, B K; Beck, L; Adams, D

1991-01-01

"Investigation of Professionalism in Nursing Behaviors" was funded by the Beta Upsilon Chapter of Sigma Theta Tau International and the College of Nursing, Arizona State University. Researchers asked 514 nurses in eight western states if they had a copy of the Code For Nurses. Most respondents did not have a copy of the Code; however, they indicated that adherence to the Code was essential to the professional nurse. Years of practice, educational background, participation in autonomous activities, and present position were variables used to determine those respondents most likely to possess a copy of the Code. Implications for continuing educators are discussed.

Evidence for B+-->omegal+nu.

PubMed

Schwanda, C; Abe, K; Abe, K; Abe, T; Adachi, I; Aihara, H; Akatsu, M; Asano, Y; Aushev, T; Bahinipati, S; Bakich, A M; Ban, Y; Banas, E; Bay, A; Bizjak, I; Bondar, A; Bozek, A; Bracko, M; Browder, T E; Chang, M-C; Chao, Y; Cheon, B G; Choi, Y; Choi, Y K; Chuvikov, A; Cole, S; Danilov, M; Dash, M; Dong, L Y; Drutskoy, A; Eidelman, S; Eiges, V; Gabyshev, N; Gershon, T; Gokhroo, G; Golob, B; Hazumi, M; Higuchi, I; Hinz, L; Hokuue, T; Hoshi, Y; Hou, W-S; Huang, H-C; Iijima, T; Inami, K; Ishikawa, A; Itoh, R; Iwasaki, H; Iwasaki, M; Kang, J H; Kang, J S; Kapusta, P; Katayama, N; Kawai, H; Kichimi, H; Kim, H J; Kinoshita, K; Koppenburg, P; Korpar, S; Krizan, P; Krokovny, P; Kumar, S; Kwon, Y-J; Lange, J S; Leder, G; Lee, S H; Lesiak, T; Li, J; Limosani, A; Lin, S-W; MacNaughton, J; Mandl, F; Matsumoto, T; Matyja, A; Mikami, Y; Mitaroff, W; Miyake, H; Miyata, H; Mori, T; Nagamine, T; Nagasaka, Y; Nakano, E; Nakao, M; Natkaniec, Z; Nishida, S; Nitoh, O; Nozaki, T; Ogawa, S; Ohshima, T; Okabe, T; Okuno, S; Olsen, S L; Onuki, Y; Ostrowicz, W; Ozaki, H; Pakhlov, P; Palka, H; Park, C W; Park, H; Parslow, N; Peak, L S; Piilonen, L E; Sagawa, H; Saitoh, S; Sakai, Y; Sarangi, T R; Schneider, O; Schümann, J; Schwartz, A J; Semenov, S; Senyo, K; Sevior, M E; Shibuya, H; Singh, J B; Soni, N; Stamen, R; Stanic, S; Staric, M; Sumisawa, K; Sumiyoshi, T; Suzuki, S; Tajima, O; Takasaki, F; Tamai, K; Tanaka, M; Teramoto, Y; Tomura, T; Tsukamoto, T; Uehara, S; Uglov, T; Ueno, K; Uno, S; Varner, G; Varvell, K E; Wang, C C; Wang, C H; Yabsley, B D; Yamada, Y; Yamaguchi, A; Yamashita, Y; Yanai, H; Ying, J; Zhang, Z P; Zontar, D; Zürcher, D

2004-09-24

We have searched for the decay B+-->omegal(+)nu (l=e or mu) in 78 fb(-1) of Upsilon(4S) data (85x10(6)BB events) accumulated with the Belle detector. The final state is fully reconstructed using the omega decay into pi(+)pi(-)pi(0), combined with detector hermeticity to estimate the neutrino momentum. A signal of 414+/-125 events is found in the data, corresponding to a branching fraction of (1.3+/-0.4+/-0.2+/-0.3)x10(-4), where the first two errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. The third error reflects the estimated form-factor uncertainty.

Critical opacity: a possible explanation of the fast thermalization times seen in BNL RHIC experiments.

PubMed

Gastineau, F; Blanquier, E; Aichelin, J

2005-07-29

The Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Lagrangian offers an explication of the seemingly contradictory observations that (a) the energy loss in the entrance channel of heavy ion reactions is not sufficient to thermalize the system and that (b) the observed hadron cross sections are in almost perfect agreement with hydrodynamical calculations. According to this scenario, a critical opacity develops close to the chiral phase transition which equilibrates and hadronizes the expanding system very effectively. It creates as well radial flow and, if the system is not isotropic, finite upsilon2 values.

Results of low energy background measurements with the Liquid Scintillation Detector (LSD) of the Mont Blanc Laboratory

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aglietta, M.; Badino, G.; Bologna, G. F.; Castagnoli, C.; Fulgione, W.; Galeotti, P.; Saavedra, O.; Trinchero, G. C.; Vernetto, S.; Dadykin, V. L.

1985-01-01

The 90 tons liquid scintillation detector (LSD) is fully running since October 1984, at a depth of 5,200 hg/sq cm of standard rock underground. The main goal is to search for neutrino bursts from collapsing stars. The experiment is very sensitive to detect low energy particles and has a very good signature to gamma-rays from (n,p) reaction which follows the upsilon e + p yields n + e sup + neutrino capture. The analysis of data is presented and the preliminary results on low energy measurements are discussed.

Corrigendum to “Suppression of Υ production in d+Au and Au+Au collisions at √ SNN = 200 GeV" [Phys. Lett. B 735 (2014) 127-137

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Adamczyk, L.

We report measurements of Υ meson production in p + p, d + Au, and Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. We compare the Υ yield to the measured cross section in p + p collisions in order to quantify any modifications of the yield in cold nuclear matter using d + Au data and in hot nuclear matter using Au+Au data separated into three centrality classes. Our p + p measurement is based on three times the statistics of our previous result. We obtain a nuclear modification factor for Upsilon (1S + 2S + 3S) in themore » rapidity range |y| < 1 in d + Au collisions of R dAu = 0.79 ± 0.24(stat.) ± 0.03(syst.) ± 0.10(p + p syst.). A comparison with models including shadowing and initial state parton energy loss indicates the presence of additional cold-nuclear matter suppression. Similarly, in the top 10% most-central Au + Au collisions, we measure a nuclear modification factor of R AA = 0.49 ±0.1(stat.) ±0.02(syst.) ±0.06(p + p syst.), which is a larger suppression factor than that seen in cold nuclear matter. Our results are consistent with complete suppression of excited-state Upsilon mesons in Au + Au collisions. The additional suppression in Au + Au is consistent with the level expected in model calculations that include the presence of a hot, deconfined Quark–Gluon Plasma. However, understanding the suppression seen in d + Au is still needed before any definitive statements about the nature of the suppression in Au + Au can be made.« less

Corrigendum to “Suppression of Υ production in d+Au and Au+Au collisions at √ SNN = 200 GeV" [Phys. Lett. B 735 (2014) 127-137

DOE PAGES

Adamczyk, L.

2015-04-01

We report measurements of Υ meson production in p + p, d + Au, and Au+Au collisions using the STAR detector at RHIC. We compare the Υ yield to the measured cross section in p + p collisions in order to quantify any modifications of the yield in cold nuclear matter using d + Au data and in hot nuclear matter using Au+Au data separated into three centrality classes. Our p + p measurement is based on three times the statistics of our previous result. We obtain a nuclear modification factor for Upsilon (1S + 2S + 3S) in themore » rapidity range |y| < 1 in d + Au collisions of R dAu = 0.79 ± 0.24(stat.) ± 0.03(syst.) ± 0.10(p + p syst.). A comparison with models including shadowing and initial state parton energy loss indicates the presence of additional cold-nuclear matter suppression. Similarly, in the top 10% most-central Au + Au collisions, we measure a nuclear modification factor of R AA = 0.49 ±0.1(stat.) ±0.02(syst.) ±0.06(p + p syst.), which is a larger suppression factor than that seen in cold nuclear matter. Our results are consistent with complete suppression of excited-state Upsilon mesons in Au + Au collisions. The additional suppression in Au + Au is consistent with the level expected in model calculations that include the presence of a hot, deconfined Quark–Gluon Plasma. However, understanding the suppression seen in d + Au is still needed before any definitive statements about the nature of the suppression in Au + Au can be made.« less

First observation and Dalitz analysis of the D0-->K(0)Setapi(0) decay.

PubMed

Rubin, P; Eisenstein, B I; Gollin, G D; Karliner, I; Lowrey, N; Naik, P; Sedlack, C; Selen, M; Thaler, J J; Williams, J; Edwards, K W; Besson, D; Gao, K Y; Gong, D T; Kubota, Y; Li, S Z; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Stepaniak, C J; Urheim, J; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Zweber, P; Ernst, J; Arms, K; Eckhart, E; Gan, K K; Severini, H; Skubic, P; Asner, D M; Dytman, S A; Mehrabyan, S; Mueller, J A; Savinov, V; Li, Z; Lopez, A; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shibata, E I; Shipsey, I P J; Adams, G S; Chasse, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Napolitano, J; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Park, C S; Park, W; Thayer, J B; Thorndike, E H; Coan, T E; Gao, Y S; Liu, F; Stroynowski, R; Artuso, M; Boulahouache, C; Blusk, S; Butt, J; Dambasuren, E; Dorjkhaidav, O; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Muramatsu, H; Nandakumar, R; Redjimi, R; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Zhang, K; Mahmood, A H; Csorna, S E; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Bornheim, A; Lipeles, E; Pappas, S P; Weinstein, A J; Briere, R A; Chen, G P; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Berkelman, K; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ecklund, K M; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Galik, R S; Gibbons, L; Gittelman, B; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Hsu, L; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Meyer, T O; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Pedlar, T K; Peterson, D; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Rosner, J L; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shepherd, M R; Sun, W M; Thayer, J G; Urner, D; Wilksen, T; Weinberger, M; Athar, S B; Avery, P; Breva-Newell, L; Patel, R; Potlia, V; Stoeck, H; Yelton, J

2004-09-10

Using 9.0 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity in e(+)e(-) collisions near the Upsilon(4S) mass collected with the CLEO II.V detector we report the first observation of the decay D0-->K(0)(S)etapi(0). We measure the ratio of branching fractions, BR(D0-->K(0)(S)etapi(0))BR / (D0-->K(0)(S)pi(0))=0.46+/-0.07+/-0.06. We perform a Dalitz analysis of 155 selected D0-->K(0)(S)etapi(0) candidates and find leading contributions from a(0)(980)K(0)(S) and K(*)(892)eta intermediate states.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Atomic Data from the Iron Project LXVI. Fe18+ (Butler+,

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butler, K.; Badnell, N. R.

2008-07-01

Accurate electron collisional data are required for the analysis of the Fe XIX astrophysical spectrum, in particular in the Sun. Such an analysis can provide information on the physical characteristics of the coronal plasma. An extensive target is used in an R-matrix scattering calculation to provide the necessary data for Fe18+. The use of the R-matrix method includes the resonance contribution lacking in the distorted wave approach and the large target improves the accuracy of the close-coupling approximation. The R-Matrix package described by Berrington et al. (1995) as provided by the UK RmaX project has been used to calculate electron collisional data among 342 levels of Fe18+. We have used the intermediate-coupling frame-transformation (ICFT) method (Griffin et al., 1998) to transform data obtained in a 166 term LS-coupling calculation. Contributions from the mass and Darwin interactions have also been included in the Hamiltonian. Collision strengths for all transitions between the 342 levels of Fe18+ are presented. They are tabulated over a wide range of electron temperatures of astrophysical interest. The results are compared with the earlier Iron Project work of Butler & Zeippen (2001, Cat. ) and also with that of McLaughlin et al. (2001MNRAS.328..442M) and Landi & Gu (2006ApJ...640.1171L). The agreement is reasonable for the low-lying transitions. Larger differences are found for the more highly excited states. The file structure is described in detail in http://www.adas.ac.uk/man/appxa-04.pdf A sample program to extract a single upsilon is provided. (3 data files).

Measurement of CP Asymmetries and Branching Fractions in B0 -> pi+ pi-, B0 -> K+ pi-, B0 -> pi0 pi0, B0 -> K0 pi0 and Isospin Analysis of B -> pi pi Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, Bernard; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.

2008-08-01

The authors present preliminary results of improved measurements of the CP-violating asymmetries and branching fractions in the decays B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, B{sup 0} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, and B{sup 0} {yields} K{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}. This update includes all data taken at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance by the BABAR experiment at the asymmetric PEP-II B-meson factory at SLAC, corresponding to 467 {+-} 5 million B{bar B} pairs. They find S{sub {pi}{pi}} = -0.68 {+-} 0.10 {+-} 0.03, C{sub {pi}{pi}} = -0.25 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.02, {Alpha}{sub K{sub {pi}}} = -0.107 {+-} 0.016{sub -0.004},{supmore » +0.006}, C{sub {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}} = -0.43 {+-} 0.26 {+-} 0.05, {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = (1.83 {+-} 0.21 {+-} 0.13) x 10{sup -6}, {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} K{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = (10.1 {+-} 0.6 {+-} 0.4) x 10{sup -6}, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. They observe CP violation with a significance of 6.7{sigma} in B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup -} and 6.1{sigma} in B{sup 0} {yields} K{sup +}{pi}{sup -}. Constraints on the Unitarity Triangle angle {alpha} are determined from the isospin relation between all B {yields} {pi}{pi} rates and asymmetries.« less

Effect of magnetic fluctuations on the confinement and dynamics of runaway electrons in the HT-7 tokamak

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, R. J.; Hu, L. Q.; Li, E. Z.

2013-03-15

The nature of runaway electrons is such that the confinement and dynamics of the electrons can be strongly affected by magnetic fluctuations in plasma. Experimental results in the HT-7 tokamak indicated significant losses of runaway electrons due to magnetic fluctuations, but the loss processes did not only rely on the fluctuation amplitude. Efficient radial runaway transport required that there were no more than small regions of the plasma volume in which there was very low transport of runaways. A radial runaway diffusion coefficient of D{sub r} Almost-Equal-To 10 m{sup 2}s{sup -1} was derived for the loss processes, and diffusion coefficientmore » near the resonant magnetic surfaces and shielding factor #Greek Upsilon With Hook Symbol#=0.8 were deduced. Test particle equations were used to analyze the effect of magnetic fluctuations on runaway dynamics. It was found that the maximum energy that runaways can gain is very sensitive to the value of {alpha}{sub s} (i.e., the fraction of plasma volume with reduced transport). {alpha}{sub s}=(0.28-0.33) was found for the loss processes in the experiment, and maximum runaway energy could be controlled in the range of E=(4 MeV-6 MeV) in this case. Additionally, to control the maximum runaway energy below 5 MeV, the normalized electric field needed to be under a critical value D{sub {alpha}}=6.8, and the amplitude normalized magnetic fluctuations b(tilde sign) needed to be at least of the order of b(tilde sign) Almost-Equal-To 3 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -5}.« less

Observation of B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} and evidence for B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chistov, R.; Aushev, T.; Balagura, V.

We report the first observation of the decay B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} with a significance of 8.7{sigma} and evidence for the decay B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} with a significance of 3.8{sigma}. The product B(B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +})xB({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) is measured to be (4.8{sub -0.9}{sup +1.0}{+-}1.1{+-}1.2)x10{sup -5}, and B(B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +})xB({xi}{sub c}{sup -}{yields}{xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -}) is measured to be (9.3{sub -2.8}{sup +3.7}{+-}1.9{+-}2.4)x10{sup -5}. The errors are statistical, systematic and the error of the {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{yields}pK{sup -}{pi}{sup +} branching fraction, respectively. The decay B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{supmore » +} is the first example of a two-body exclusive B{sup +} decay into two charmed baryons. The data used for this analysis was accumulated at the {upsilon}(4S) resonance, using the Belle detector at the e{sup +}e{sup -} asymmetric-energy collider KEKB. The integrated luminosity of the data sample is equal to 357 fb{sup -1}, corresponding to 386x10{sup 6} BB pairs.« less

Physico-chemical properties of hydrophilic and amphiphilic crosslinked systems that influence biological responses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ejiasi, Angel

The effect of physical, chemical, and biological cues on the behavior of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and attachment of marine organisms was investigated. Both hydrophilic and amphiphilic crosslinked polymer networks with varying chemical and mechanical properties were used to direct biological responses. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogels were fabricated with tunable mechanical properties by varying the di-functional monomer concentration in the feed composition. Amphiphilic hydrogels composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 1,3-bis(3-methacryloxypropyl)tetrakis(trimethylsiloxy)disiloxane (MPTSDS), and tris(trimethylsiloxy)-3-methacryloxypropylsilane (TRIS) were copolymerized using ultraviolet (UV) light and a photo-initiator. Hydrogels prepared with varying concentration of di-functional monomer, MPTSDS, exhibited an order of magnitude difference in elastic moduli. Not only were the bulk material properties influenced by the crosslinking agent concentration in the feed composition, but the surface properties (i.e., contact angle and hysteresis) were influenced as well. Modulus (E) has been reported to be positively correlated with the settlement of marine organisms. However, this was not the case for the amphiphilic gels tested against biomolecules and marine organisms. Stiffer gels inhibited fouling of proteins and marine organism, Ulva linza, to a greater extent than the softer gels. Furthermore, the network structure, in regards to the molecular weight between crosslinks Mc, was found to have a greater influence on fouling. A strong correlation was observed between protein adsorption and Mc of the amphiphilic crosslinked networks compared to just the modulus and surface energy (Upsilon) alone. A higher correlation was also obtained between Mc and Ulva sporeling biomass than between sporeling biomass and elastic modulus E, exhibiting R² value of 0.98 and 0.38, respectively. The percent removal of sporeling biomass growth was shown to be positively correlated with the (E Upsilon) 1/2, which is a contrast to what has previously been reported. Again, there was a higher correlation between Mc and percent removal of sporeling biomass than between (E Upsilon)1/2 and percent removal of sporelings (R² value of 0.83 and 0.57, respectively). The differences in biofouling ability is most likely due to differences in mesh size between hydrogel compositions. Biomolecule accumulation and absorption was made easier by the larger mesh size in hydrogels with lower crosslinking concentration in the feed composition. The influence of chemical and physical properties on mammalian cells was also investigated. Amphiphilic crosslinked networks were fabricated with tunable mechanical properties and their ability to modulate smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype was studied by assessing cell proliferation. Bioactive molecules, Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), were incorporated into the crosslinked matrix to promote adhesion and facilitate cell growth. The elastic modulus of the substrate and the concentration of RGDS were shown to positively correlate with the attachment and proliferation of SMCs; indicating that the physic-chemical network properties play a large role in behavior of unicellular organisms.

Be Star Hα Line Profile Variability

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Austin, S. J.; Dunlap, B.; Franklin, M.; Hoggard, T.; Hoskins, J. S.

2004-12-01

The monitoring of the spectroscopic variability of Be stars is crucial for testing Be star models. Motivated by this, a Be star monitoring project was developed for undergraduate student research involvement. We have been obtaining 0.8 Angstrom/pixel resolution Hα line profiles for several bright Be stars since 2003 June. These spectra were acquired using the UCA Fiber Fed Spectrograph used at the UCA Observatory and the Nubbin Ridge Observatory in Royal, AR. H-α line profiles, velocities, and variability are shown for Delta Sco, Chi Oph, Eta PsA, 48 Lib, and Upsilon Sgr (HD181615). Funding has been provided by the UCA University Research Council and the Arkansas Space Grant Consortium.

Search for Lepton Flavor Violation in Upsilon Decays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Love, W.; Savinov, V.; Lopez, A.; Mehrabyan, S.; Mendez, H.; Ramirez, J.; Huang, G. S.; Miller, D. H.; Pavlunin, V.; Sanghi, B.; Shipsey, I. P. J.; Xin, B.; Adams, G. S.; Anderson, M.; Cummings, J. P.; Danko, I.; Hu, D.; Moziak, B.; Napolitano, J.; He, Q.; Insler, J.; Muramatsu, H.; Park, C. S.; Thorndike, E. H.; Yang, F.; Artuso, M.; Blusk, S.; Horwitz, N.; Khalil, S.; Li, J.; Menaa, N.; Mountain, R.; Nisar, S.; Randrianarivony, K.; Sia, R.; Skwarnicki, T.; Stone, S.; Wang, J. C.; Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Dubrovin, M.; Lincoln, A.; Asner, D. M.; Edwards, K. W.; Naik, P.; Briere, R. A.; Ferguson, T.; Tatishvili, G.; Vogel, H.; Watkins, M. E.; Rosner, J. L.; Adam, N. E.; Alexander, J. P.; Berkelman, K.; Cassel, D. G.; Duboscq, J. E.; Ehrlich, R.; Fields, L.; Galik, R. S.; Gibbons, L.; Gray, R.; Gray, S. W.; Hartill, D. L.; Heltsley, B. K.; Hertz, D.; Jones, C. D.; Kandaswamy, J.; Kreinick, D. L.; Kuznetsov, V. E.; Mahlke-Krüger, H.; Mohapatra, D.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Patterson, J. R.; Peterson, D.; Pivarski, J.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Sadoff, A. J.; Schwarthoff, H.; Shi, X.; Stroiney, S.; Sun, W. M.; Wilksen, T.; Athar, S. B.; Patel, R.; Yelton, J.; Rubin, P.; Cawlfield, C.; Eisenstein, B. I.; Karliner, I.; Kim, D.; Lowrey, N.; Selen, M.; White, E. J.; Wiss, J.; Mitchell, R. E.; Shepherd, M. R.; Besson, D.; Pedlar, T. K.; Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Gao, K. Y.; Hietala, J.; Kubota, Y.; Klein, T.; Lang, B. W.; Poling, R.; Scott, A. W.; Smith, A.; Zweber, P.; Dobbs, S.; Metreveli, Z.; Seth, K. K.; Tomaradze, A.; Ecklund, K. M.

2008-11-01

In this Letter, we describe a search for lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the bottomonium system. We search for leptonic decays Υ(nS)→μτ (n=1, 2, and 3) using the data collected with the CLEO III detector. We identify the τ lepton using its leptonic decay ντν¯ee and utilize multidimensional likelihood fitting with probability density function shapes measured from independent data samples. We report our estimates of 95% C.L. upper limits on LFV branching fractions of Υ mesons. We interpret our results in terms of the exclusion plot for the energy scale of a hypothetical new interaction versus its effective LFV coupling in the framework of effective field theory.

Interlayer tunneling in double-layer quantum hall pseudoferromagnets.

PubMed

Balents, L; Radzihovsky, L

2001-02-26

We show that the interlayer tunneling I-V in double-layer quantum Hall states displays a rich behavior which depends on the relative magnitude of sample size, voltage length scale, current screening, disorder, and thermal lengths. For weak tunneling, we predict a negative differential conductance of a power-law shape crossing over to a sharp zero-bias peak. An in-plane magnetic field splits this zero-bias peak, leading instead to a "derivative" feature at V(B)(B(parallel)) = 2 pi Planck's over 2 pi upsilon B(parallel)d/e phi(0), which gives a direct measurement of the dispersion of the Goldstone mode corresponding to the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the double-layer Hall state.

Casimir force in O(n) systems with a diffuse interface.

PubMed

Dantchev, Daniel; Grüneberg, Daniel

2009-04-01

We study the behavior of the Casimir force in O(n) systems with a diffuse interface and slab geometry infinity;{d-1}xL , where 2infinity limit of O(n) models with antiperiodic boundary conditions applied along the finite dimension L of the film. We observe that the Casimir amplitude Delta_{Casimir}(dmid R:J_{ perpendicular},J_{ parallel}) of the anisotropic d -dimensional system is related to that of the isotropic system Delta_{Casimir}(d) via Delta_{Casimir}(dmid R:J_{ perpendicular},J_{ parallel})=(J_{ perpendicular}J_{ parallel});{(d-1)2}Delta_{Casimir}(d) . For d=3 we derive the exact Casimir amplitude Delta_{Casimir}(3,mid R:J_{ perpendicular},J_{ parallel})=[Cl_{2}(pi3)3-zeta(3)(6pi)](J_{ perpendicular}J_{ parallel}) , as well as the exact scaling functions of the Casimir force and of the helicity modulus Upsilon(T,L) . We obtain that beta_{c}Upsilon(T_{c},L)=(2pi;{2})[Cl_{2}(pi3)3+7zeta(3)(30pi)](J_{ perpendicular}J_{ parallel})L;{-1} , where T_{c} is the critical temperature of the bulk system. We find that the contributions in the excess free energy due to the existence of a diffuse interface result in a repulsive Casimir force in the whole temperature region.

Structure and Dynamics of the Solar Chromosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kalkofen, Wolfgang

1998-01-01

The problem of chromospheric dynamics and heating consists of two problems: one, concerning the magnetic network on the boundary of supergranulation cells (CB), where the oscillation period is seven minutes, and the other, concerning the cell interior (CI), where the oscillation period is three minutes. The observational data on the oscillations and the emission of radiation can be used to determine the structure and dynamics of the atmosphere provided answers are known to three critical questions, concerning: the nature of the waves powering the bright points, the origin of the observed oscillation periods and the mechanism of chromospheric heating. The recent modeling of the dynamics of the CI, which combines a sophisticated treatment of gas dynamics and radiative transfer in a one-dimensional model with empirical velocity input from the observations, answered the first of these questions: the waves powering K(sub 2upsilon), bright points are propagating acoustic waves. This firm conclusion declares invalid the model of Leibacher & Stein, which explains the observed period with standing acoustic waves in a chromospheric cavity. On the third question, the heating of the chromosphere in the CI, their model predicts that the temperature in the chromosphere is declining in the outward direction up to a height of at least I Mm most of the time, so even the time-average temperature is dropping monotonically in the outward direction, implying that lines formed in the chromosphere up to a height of at least 1 Mm appear in absorption most of the time and everywhere in the CI. The problem of the CI can be resolved with a two-component model, which combines a model for K(sub 2upsilon), bright points with a model for the background. The bright point model has the same aims as the CS94 model, except that the empirical driving from the LRK93 observations is replaced by impulsive excitation, as suggested by the properties of the Klein-Gordon equation.

Study of exclusive charmless semileptonic B decays and |Vub|.

PubMed

Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Berkelman, K; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Meyer, T O; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Weinberger, M; Athar, S B; Patel, R; Potlia, V; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Cawlfield, C; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Kim, D; Lowrey, N; Naik, P; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Mitchell, R E; Shepherd, M R; Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Zweber, P; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Ernst, J; Ecklund, K M; Severini, H; Love, W; Savinov, V; Aquines, O; Li, Z; Lopez, A; Mehrabyan, S; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Hu, D; Moziak, B; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Yang, F; Coan, T E; Gao, Y S; Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Butt, J; Li, J; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Zhang, K; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Briere, R A; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Rosner, J L

2007-07-27

We study semileptonic B decay to the exclusive charmless states pi, rho/omega, eta, and eta;{'} using the 16 fb(-1) CLEO Upsilon(4S) data sample. We find B(B0-->pi-l+nu)=(1.37+/-0.15stat+/-0.11sys)x10(-4) and B(B0-->rho-l+nu)=(2.93+/-0.37stat+/-0.37sys)x10(-4) and find evidence for B+-->eta'l+nu, with B(B+-->eta'l+nu)=(2.66+/-0.80stat+/-0.56sys)x10(-4). From our B-->pilnu rate for q2>16 GeV2 and lattice QCD, we find |Vub|=(3.6+/0.4stat+/0.2syst-0.4thy+0.6)x10(-3) [corrected

Infrared Measurements of Atmospheric Ethane (C2H6) From Aircraft and Ground-Based Solar Absorption Spectra in the 3000/ cm Region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coffey, M. T.; Mankin, W. G.; Goldman, A.; Rinsland, C. P.; Harvey, G. A.; Devi, V. Malathy; Stokes, G. M.

1985-01-01

A number or prominent Q-branches or the upsilon(sub 7) band or C2H6 have been identified near 3000/ cm in aircraft and ground-based infrared solar absorption spectra. The aircraft spectra provide the column amount above 12 km at various altitudes. The column amount is strongly correlated with tropopause height and can be described by a constant mixing ratio of 0.46 ppbv in the upper troposphere and a mixing ratio scale height of 3.9 km above the tropopause. The, ground-based spectra yield a column of 9.0 x 10(exp 15) molecules/sq cm above 2.1 km; combining these results implies a tropospheric mixing ratio of approximately 0.63 ppbv.

Effects of reactant rotational excitation on H + O2--> OH + O reaction rate constant: quantum wave packet, quasi-classical trajectory and phase space theory calculations.

PubMed

Lin, Shi Ying; Guo, Hua; Lendvay, György; Xie, Daiqian

2009-06-21

We examine the impact of initial rotational excitation on the reactivity of the H + O(2)--> OH + O reaction. Accurate Chebyshev wave packet calculations have been carried out for the upsilon(i) = 0, j(i) = 9 initial state of O(2) and the J = 50 partial wave. In addition, we present Gaussian-weighted quasi-classical trajectory and phase space theory calculations of the integral cross section and thermal rate constant for the title reaction. These theoretical results suggest that the initial rotational excitation significantly enhances reactivity with an amount comparable to the effect of initial vibrational state excitation. The inclusion of internally excited reactants is shown to improve the agreement with experimental rate constant.

Improved Measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Angle {alpha} Using B{sup 0}(B){yields}{rho}{sup +}{rho}{sup -} Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Boutigny, D.

2005-07-22

We present results from an analysis of B{sup 0}(B{sup 0}){yields}{rho}{sup +}{rho}{sup -} using 232x10{sup 6} {upsilon}(4S){yields}BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. We measure the longitudinal polarization fraction f{sub L}=0.978{+-}0.014(stat)(+0.021/-0.029)(syst) and the CP-violating parameters S{sub L}=-0.33{+-}0.24(stat)(+0.08/-0.14)(syst) and C{sub L}=-0.03{+-}0.18(stat){+-}0.09(syst). Using an isospin analysis of B{yields}{rho}{rho} decays, we determine the unitarity triangle parameter {alpha}. The solution compatible with the standard model is {alpha}=(100{+-}13) deg.

Measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in B0 decays to CP eigenstates.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Boutigny, D; De Bonis, I; Gaillard, J M; Jeremie, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Palano, A; Chen, G P; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Reinertsen, P L; Stugu, B; Abbott, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Clark, A R; Dardin, S; Day, C; Dow, S F; Elioff, T; Fan, Q; Gaponenko, I; Gill, M S; Goozen, F R; Gowdy, S J; Gritsan, A; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Jared, R C; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Karcher, A; Kerth, L T; Kipnis, I; Kluth, S; Kolomensky, Y G; Kral, J F; Lafever, R; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lewis, S A; Lionberger, C; Liu, T; Long, M; Lynch, G; Marino, M; Marks, K; Meyer, A B; Mokhtarani, A; Momayezi, M; Nyman, M; Oddone, P J; Ohnemus, J; Oshatz, D; Patton, S; Perazzo, A; Peters, C; Pope, W; Pripstein, M; Quarrie, D R; Rasson, J E; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Stone, R; Telnov, A V; von der Lippe, H; Weber, T; Wenzel, W A; Zisman, M S; Bright-Thomas, P G; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Kirk, A; Knowles, D J; O'Neale, S W; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Deppermann, T; Koch, H; Krug, J; Kunze, M; Lewandowski, B; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Andress, J C; Barlow, N R; Bhimji, W; Chevalier, N; Clark, P J; Cottingham, W N; De Groot, N; Dyce, N; Foster, B; Mass, A; McFall, J D; Wallom, D; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Camanzi, B; Jolly, S; McKemey, A K; Tinslay, J; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Bukin, D A; Buzykaev, A R; Dubrovin, M S; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kolachev, G M; Korol, A A; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Salnikov, A A; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Y I; Telnov, V I; Yushkov, A N; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; McMahon, S; Stoker, D P; Ahsan, A; Buchanan, C; Chun, S; MacFarlane, D B; Prell, S; Rahatlou, S; Raven, G; Sharma, V; Burke, S; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Hale, D; Hart, P A; Kuznetsova, N; Kyre, S; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Witherell, M; Yellin, S; Beringer, J; Dorfan, D E; Eisner, A M; Frey, A; Grillo, A A; Grothe, M; Heusch, C A; Johnson, R P; Kroeger, W; Lockman, W S; Pulliam, T; Sadrozinski, H; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spencer, E N; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hanson, J E; Hitlin, D G; Metzler, S; Oyang, J; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Weaver, M; Yang, S; Zhu, R Y; Devmal, S; Geld, T L; Jayatilleke, S; Jayatilleke, S M; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Bloom, P; Fahey, S; Ford, W T; Gaede, F; van Hoek, W C; Johnson, D R; Michael, A K; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Park, H; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Sen, S; Smith, J G; Wagner, D L; Blouw, J; Harton, J L; Krishnamurthy, M; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Warner, D W; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dahlinger, G; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Eckstein, P; Futterschneider, H; Krause, R; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Otto, S; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Behr, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Ferrag, S; Fouque, G; Gastaldi, F; Matricon, P; Mora de Freitas, P; Renard, C; Roussot, E; T'Jampens, S; Thiebaux, C; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Anjomshoaa, A; Bernet, R; Di Lodovico, F; Khan, A; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Falbo, M; Bozzi, C; Dittongo, S; Folegani, M; Piemontese, L; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Xie, Y; Zallo, A; Bagnasco, S; Buzzo, A; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Pallavicini, M; Passaggio, S; Pastore, F C; Patrignani, C; Pia, M G; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Morii, M; Bartoldus, R; Dignan, T; Hamilton, R; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Fischer, P A; Lamsa, J; McKay, R; Meyer, W T; Rosenberg, E I; Albert, J N; Beigbeder, C; Benkebil, M; Breton, D; Cizeron, R; Du, S; Grosdidier, G; Hast, C; Höcker, A; LePeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Trincaz-Duvoid, S; Truong, K; Valassi, A; Wormser, G; Bionta, R M; Brigljević, V; Brooks, A; Fackler, O; Fujino, D; Lange, D J; Mugge, M; O'Connor, T G; Pedrotti, B; Shi, X; van Bibber, K; Wenaus, T J; Wright, D M; Wuest, C R; Yamamoto, B; Carroll, M; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; George, M; Kay, M; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Aspinwall, M L; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gunawardane, N J; Martin, R; Nash, J A; Price, D R; Sanders, P; Smith, D; Azzopardi, D E; Back, J J; Dixon, P; Harrison, P F; Newman-Coburn, D; Potter, R J; Shorthouse, H W; Strother, P; Vidal, P B; Williams, M I; Cowan, G; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McGrath, P; McMahon, T R; Salvatore, F; Scott, I; Vaitsas, G; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Ford, K; Li, Y; Pavlovich, J; Allison, J; Barlow, R J; Boyd, J T; Fullwood, J; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Savvas, N; Simopoulos, E T; Thompson, R J; Weatherall, J H; Bard, R; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Lillard, V; Olsen, J; Roberts, D A; Schieck, J R; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Lin, C S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Wittlin, J; Brau, B; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Britton, D I; Milek, M; Patel, P M; Trischuk, J; Lanni, F; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Booke, M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenberg, V; Kroeger, R; Reep, M; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Beaulieu, M; Martin, J P; Nief, J Y; Seitz, R; Taras, P; Zacek, V; Nicholson, H; Sutton, C S; Cavallo, N; Cartaro, C; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; LoSecco, J M; Alsmiller, J R; Gabriel, T A; Handler, T; Heck, J; Brau, J E; Frey, R; Iwasaki, M; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Borsato, E; Colecchia, F; Dal Corso, F; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Marzolla, M; Michelon, G; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Torassa, E; Voci, C; Bailly, P; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; De La Vaissière, C; Del Buono, L; Genat, J F; Hamon, O; Le Diberder, F; Lebbolo, H; Leruste, P; Lory, J; Martin, L; Roos, L; Stark, J; Versillé, S; Zhang, B; Manfredi, P F; Ratti, L; Re, V; Speziali, V; Frank, E D; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J H; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bosi, F; Carpinelli, M; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Simi, G; Triggiani, G; Walsh, J; Hairre, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Turnbull, L; Wagoner, D E; Albert, J; Bula, C; Fernholz, R; Lu, C; McDonald, K T; Miftakov, V; Sands, B; Schaffner, S F; Smith, A J; Tumanov, A; Varnes, E W; Bronzini, F; Buccheri, A; Bulfon, C; Cavoto, G; del Re, D; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Fratini, K; Lamanna, E; Leonardi, E; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Serra, M; Voena, C; Waldi, R; Jacques, P F; Kalelkar, M; Plano, R J; Adye, T; Claxton, B; Franek, B; Galagedera, S; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Lidbury, J; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Besson, P; Bourgeois, P; De Domenico, G; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Gosset, L; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Serfass, B; Vasseur, G; Yeche, C; Zito, M; Copty, N; Purohit, M V; Singh, H; Yumiceva, F X; Adam, I; Anthony, P L; Aston, D; Baird, K; Bartelt, J; Becla, J; Bell, R; Bloom, E; Boeheim, C T; Boyarski, A M; Boyce, R F; Bulos, F; Burgess, W; Byers, B; Calderini, G; Claus, R; Convery, M R; Coombes, R; Cottrell, L; Coupal, D P; Coward, D H; Craddock, W W; DeStaebler, H; Dorfan, J; Doser, M; Dunwoodie, W; Ecklund, S; Fieguth, T H; Field, R C; Freytag, D R; Glanzman, T; Godfrey, G L; Grosso, P; Haller, G; Hanushevsky, A; Harris, J; Hasan, A; Hewett, J L; Himel, T; Huffer, M E; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kawahara, H; Keller, L; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Klaisner, L A; Kocian, M L; Krebs, H J; Kunz, P F; Langenegger, U; Langeveld, W; Leith, D W; Louie, S K; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; MacDonald, J; Manzin, G; Mariske, H; McCulloch, M; McShurley, D; Menke, S; Messner, R; Metcalfe, S; Moffeit, K C; Mount, R; Muller, D R; Nelson, D; Nordby, M; O'Grady, C P; O'Neill, F G; Oxoby, G; Pavel, T; Perl, J; Petrak, S; Putallaz, G; Quinn, H; Raines, P E; Ratcliff, B N; Reif, R; Robertson, S H; Rochester, L S; Roodman, A; Russell, J J; Sapozhnikov, L; Saxton, O H; Schietinger, T; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Seeman, J T; Serbo, V V; Skarpass, K; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Spanier, S M; Stahl, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Talby, M; Tanaka, H A; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weinstein, A J; White, J L; Wienands, U; Wisniewski, W J; Young, C C; Zioulas, G; Burchat, P R; Cheng, C H; Kirkby, D; Meyer, T I; Roat, C; De Silva, A; Henderson, R; Berridge, S; Bugg, W; Cohn, H; Hart, E; Weidemann, A W; Benninger, T; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Turcotte, M; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Di Girolamo, B; Gamba, D; Smol, A; Zanin, D; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Lanceri, L; Pompili, A; Poropat, P; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Brown, C M; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Charles, E; Dasu, S; Elmer, P; Hu, H; Johnson, J R; Nielsen, J; Orejudos, W; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Scott, I J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Zobernig, H; Kordich, T M; Moore, T B; Neal, H

2001-03-19

We present measurements of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in neutral B decays to several CP eigenstates. The measurement uses a data sample of 23x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BbarB decays collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC. In this sample, we find events in which one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a CP eigenstate containing charmonium and the flavor of the other neutral B meson is determined from its decay products. The amplitude of the CP-violating asymmetry, which in the standard model is proportional to sin2beta, is derived from the decay time distributions in such events. The result is sin2beta = 0.34+/-0.20 (stat)+/-0.05 (syst).

Study of B to pi l nu and B to rho l nu Decays and Determination of |V_ub|

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

del Amo Sanchez, P.; Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.

2011-12-09

We present an analysis of exclusive charmless semileptonic B-meson decays based on 377 million B{bar B} pairs recorded with the BABAR detector at the {Upsilon} (4S) resonance. We select four event samples corresponding to the decay modes B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup -}{ell}{sup +}{nu}, B{sup +} {yields} {pi}{sup 0}{ell}{sup +}{nu}, B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup -}{ell}{sup +}{nu}, and B{sup +} {yields} {rho}{sup 0}{ell}{sup +}{nu}, and find the measured branching fractions to be consistent with isospin symmetry. Assuming isospin symmetry, we combine the two B {yields} {pi}{ell}{nu} samples, and similarly the two B {yields} {rho}{ell}{nu} samples, and measure the branching fractions {Beta}(B{sup 0}more » {yields} {pi}{sup -}{ell}{sup +}{nu}) = (1.41 {+-} 0.05 {+-} 0.07) x 10{sup -4} and {Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup 0}{ell}{sup +}{nu}) = (1.75 {+-} 0.15 {+-} 0.27) x 10{sup -4}, where the errors are statistical and systematic. We compare the measured distribution in q{sup 2}, the momentum transfer squared, with predictions for the form factors from QCD calculations and determine the CKM matrix element |V{sub ub}|. Based on the measured partial branching fraction for B {yields} {pi}{ell}{nu} in the range q{sup 2} < 12 GeV{sup 2} and the most recent LCSR calculations we obtain |V{sub ub}| = (3.78 {+-} 0.13{sub -0.40}{sup +0.55}) x 10{sup -3}, where the errors refer to the experimental and theoretical uncertainties. From a simultaneous fit to the data over the full q{sup 2} range and the FNAL/MILC lattice QCD results, we obtain |V{sub ub}| = (2.95 {+-} 0.31) x 10{sup -3} from B {yields} {pi}{ell}{nu}, where the error is the combined experimental and theoretical uncertainty.« less

Measurement of the Color-Suppressed B0->D(*)0 pi0 /omega/eta/eta Prime Branching Fractions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prudent, X

2008-11-05

The authors report results on the branching fraction (BF) measurement of the color-suppressed decays {bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, D*{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, D{sup 0}{eta}, D*{sup 0}{eta}, D{sup 0}{omega}, D*{sup 0}{omega}, D{sup 0}{eta}{prime}, and D*{sup 0}{eta}{prime}. They measure the branching fractions BF(D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = (2.78 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.20) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D*{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = (1.78 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.23) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D{sup 0}{eta}) = (2.41 {+-} 0.09 {+-} 0.17) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D*{sup 0}{eta}) = (2.32 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.22) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D{sup 0}{omega}) = (2.77 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.22) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D*{supmore » 0}{omega}) = (4.44 {+-} 0.23 {+-} 0.61) x 10{sup -4}, BF(D{sup 0}{eta}{prime}) = (1.38 {+-} 0.12 {+-} 0.22) x 10{sup -4} and BF(D*{sup 0}{eta}{prime}) = (1.29 {+-} 0.23 {+-} 0.23) x 10{sup -4}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The result is based on a sample of (454 {+-} 5) x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} pairs collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance from 1999 to 2007, with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage rings at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions by factorization, SCET and pQCD. The presence of final state interactions predictions by factorization, SCET and pQCD. The presence of final state interactions is confirmed and the measurements seem to be more in favor of SCET compared to pQCD.« less

Measurement of CP-Violating Asymmetries in B0 to (rho pi)0 Using a Time-Dependent Dalitz Plot Analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wu, J.

We present the preliminary measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in B{sup 0} {yields} ({rho}{pi}){sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup 0} decays using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis. The results are obtained from a data sample of 213 million {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} decays, collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. This analysis extends the narrow-rho quasi-two-body approximation used in the previous analysis, by taking into account the interference between the rho resonances of the three charges. We measure 16 coefficients of the bilinear form factor terms occurring in the time-dependent decay rate of the B{supmore » 0} meson with the use of a maximum-likelihood fit. We derive the physically relevant quantities from these coefficients. We measure the direct CP-violation parameters A{sub {rho}{pi}} = -0.088 {+-} 0.049 {+-} 0.013 and C = 0.34 {+-} 0.11 {+-} 0.05, where the first errors are statistical and the second systematic. For the mixing-induced CP-violation parameter we find S = -0.10 {+-} 0.14 {+-} 0.04, and for the dilution and strong phase shift parameters respectively, we obtain {Delta}C = 0.15 {+-} 0.11 {+-} 0.03 and {Delta}S = 0.22 {+-} 0.15 {+-} 0.03. For the angle alpha of the Unitarity Triangle we measure (113{sub -17}{sup +27} {+-} 6){sup o}, while only a weak constraint is achieved at the significance level of more than two standard deviations. Finally, for the relative strong phase {delta}{sub {+-}} between the B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} and B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} transitions we find (-67{sub -31}{sup +28} {+-} 7) deg, with a similarly weak constraint at two standard deviations and beyond.« less

Measurement of branching fraction and time-dependent CP asymmetry parameters in B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup -}K{sub S}{sup 0} decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dalseno, J.; Moloney, G. R.; Sevior, M. E.

2007-10-01

We present a measurement of the branching fraction and time-dependent CP violation parameters for B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup -}K{sub S}{sup 0} decays. These results are obtained from a 414 fb{sup -1} data sample that contains 449x10{sup 6} BB pairs collected at the {upsilon}(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider. We obtain the branching fraction, B(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup -}K{sub S}{sup 0})=[3.4{+-}0.4(stat){+-}0.7(syst)]x10{sup -3}, which is in agreement with the current world average. We also obtain an upper limit on the product branching fraction for a possible two-body decay, B(B{sup 0}{yields}D{sub s1}{sup +}(2536)D*{sup -})B(D{sub s1}{sup +}(2536){yields}D*{sup +}K{submore » S}{sup 0})<7.1x10{sup -4} (90% CL). In the traditional 2-parameter time-dependent CP analysis, we measure the CP violation parameters, A{sub CP}=-0.01{sub -0.28}{sup +0.28}(stat){+-}0.09(syst), Dsin2{phi}{sub 1}=0.06{sub -0.44}{sup +0.45}(stat){+-}0.06(syst). No evidence for either mixing-induced or direct CP violation is found. In a 3-parameter fit sensitive to cos2{phi}{sub 1} performed in the half-Dalitz spaces, s{sup -}{<=}s{sup +} and s{sup -}>s{sup +}, where s{sup {+-}}{identical_to}m{sup 2}(D*{sup {+-}}K{sub S}{sup 0}), we extract the CP violation parameters, J{sub c}/J{sub 0}=0.60{sub -0.28}{sup +0.25}(stat){+-}0.08(syst), 2J{sub s1}/J{sub 0}sin2{phi}{sub 1}=-0.17{sub -0.42}{sup +0.42}(stat){+-}0.09(syst), 2J{sub s2}/J{sub 0}cos2{phi}{sub 1}=-0.23{sub -0.41}{sup +0.43}(stat){+-}0.13(syst). A large value of J{sub c}/J{sub 0} would indicate a significant resonant contribution from a broad unknown D{sub s}**{sup +} state. Although the sign of the factor, 2J{sub s2}/J{sub 0}, can be deduced from theory, no conclusion can be drawn regarding the sign of cos2{phi}{sub 1} given the errors.« less

FFT Deconvultion of Be Star Hα Line Profiles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Austin, S. J.

2005-12-01

We have been monitoring the spectroscopic variability of Be stars using the UCA Fiber Fed Spectrograph. The spectra are 0.8 Angstrom/pixel resolution of the Hα line. The observed line profiles are a convolution of the actual profile and the instrumental profile. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method has been used to deconvolve the observed profiles, given the instrument profile obtained by observing the narrow lines from the HgNe wavelength calibration lamp. The long-term monitoring of the spectroscopic variability of Be stars is crucial for testing the various Be star models. Deconvolved H-α line profiles, velocities, and variability are shown for gamma Cas, delta Sco, chi Oph, eta PsA, 48 Lib, and upsilon Sgr (HD181615). Funding has been provided by the UCA University Research Council and the Arkansas Space Grant Consortium.

Measurement of time-dependent CP asymmetries in B0-->D(*)+/-pi-/+ decays and constraints on sin(2beta+gamma).

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Layter, J; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Kuznetsova, N; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Erwin, R J; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Biasini, M; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Pioppi, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Sanders, P; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Tanaka, H A; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Tehrani, F Safai; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Coupal, D P; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Grauges-Pous, E; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-06-25

We present a measurement of CP-violating asymmetries in fully reconstructed B0-->D(*)+/-pi-/+ decays in approximately 88 x 10(6) upsilon(4S)-->BBmacr; decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at SLAC. From a time-dependent maximum-likelihood fit we obtain the following for the CP-violating parameters: a=-0.022+/-0.038 (stat)+/-0.020 (syst), a*=-0.068+/-0.038 (stat)+/-0.020 (syst), c(lep)=+0.025+/-0.068 (stat)+/-0.033 (syst), and c*(lep)=+0.031+/-0.070 (stat)+/-0.033 (syst). Using other measurements and theoretical assumptions we interpret the results in terms of the angles of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity triangle, and find |sin((2beta+gamma)|>0.69 at 68% confidence level. We exclude the hypothesis of no CP violation [sin(2beta+gamma)=0] at 83% confidence level.

Measurement of branching fractions and charge asymmetries in B+/--->rho+/-pi0 and B+/--->rho0pi+/- decays, and search for B0-->rho0pi0.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Couderc, F; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Layter, J; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spradlin, P; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Erwin, R J; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Dubitzky, R S; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; de Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Eschrich, I; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Baak, M A; Raven, G; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; de la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Anulli, F; Biasini, M; Peruzzi, I M; Pioppi, M; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Tanaka, H A; Varnes, E W; Bellini, F; Cavoto, G; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel de Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Cristinziani, M; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Elsen, E E; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Grauges-Pous, E; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hast, C; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Jessop, C P; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-07-30

We present measurements of branching fractions and charge asymmetries in B-meson decays to rho(+)pi(0), rho(0)pi(+), and rho(0)pi(0). The data sample comprises 89x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BBmacr; decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We find the charge-averaged branching fractions B(B+-->rho(+)pi(0))=[10.9+/-1.9(stat)+/-1.9(syst)]x10(-6) and B(B+-->rho(0)pi(+))=(9.5+/-1.1+/-0.9)x10(-6), and we set a 90% confidence-level upper limit B(B0-->rho(0)pi(0))<2.9x10(-6). We measure the charge asymmetries ACP(pi(0))(rho(+))=0.24+/-0.16+/-0.06 and ACP(pi(+))(rho(0))=-0.19+/-0.11+/-0.02.

Measurement of the branching fractions and CP asymmetry of B--->D(0)((CP))K- decays with the BABAR detector.

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Goetzen, K; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Shen, B C; Wang, K; Del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Kuznetsova, N; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; Van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamel De Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; De Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Dubitzky, R S; Langenegger, U; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Sanders, P; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Biasini, M; Pioppi, M; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Le Diberder, F; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Cormack, C M; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Raven, G; Wilden, L; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Jessop, C P; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; De la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Cavoto, G; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Tanaka, H A; Bellini, F; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Coupal, D P; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Grauges-Pous, E; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Di Lodovico, F; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-05-21

We present a study of B--->D(0)(CP)K- decays, where D(0)(CP) is reconstructed in CP-even channels, based on a sample of 88.8 x 10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e(+)e(-) storage ring. We measure the ratio of Cabibbo-suppressed to Cabibbo-favored branching fractions B(B--->D(0)(CP)K-)/B(B--->D(0)(CP)pi(-))=[8.8+/-1.6(stat)+/-0.5(syst)]x10(-2) and the CP asymmetry A(CP)=0.07+/-0.17(stat)+/-0.06(syst). We also measure B(B--->D0K-)/B(B--->D0pi(-))=[8.31+/-0.35(stat)+/-0.20(syst)]x10(-2) using a sample of 61.0 x 10(6) BB pairs.

Polarized Nuclei in a Simple Mirror Fusion Reactor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noever, David A.

1995-01-01

The possibility of enhancing the ratio of output to input power Q in a simple mirror machine by polarizing Deuterium-Tritium (D- T) nuclei is evaluated. Taking the Livermore mirror reference design mirror ratio of 6.54, the expected sin(sup 2) upsilon angular distribution of fusion decay products reduces immediate losses of alpha particles to the loss cone by 7.6% and alpha-ion scattering losses by approx. 50%. Based on these findings, alpha- particle confinement times for a polarized plasma should therefore be 1.11 times greater than for isotropic nuclei. Coupling this enhanced alpha-particle heating with the expected greater than 50% D- T reaction cross section, a corresponding power ratio for polarized nuclei, Q(sub polarized), is found to be 1.63 times greater than the classical unpolarized value Q(sub classical). The effects of this increase in Q are assessed for the simple mirror.

Radial velocity measurements of the chromospherically-active stars (2): HD 28591 = V492 Per

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dadonas, V.; Sperauskas, J.; Fekel, F. C.; Morton, M. D.

1994-01-01

From two sets of the spectroscopic observations covering a ten year period we have obtained 59 radial velocities of the chromospherically-active star HD 28591 = V492 Per. It is a G9III single-lined spectroscopic binary with a period of 21.2910 days and a circular orbit. The upsilon sin i of 24.6 km/sec, results in a minimum radius 10.3 solar radii. We estimate a distance of 165 +/- 40 pc and an orbital inclination of 65 +/- 25 degrees. The secondary is probably a mid to late-type K dwarf. The star is brighter than the limiting magnitude of the Bright Star Catalogue. The mean photometric and the orbital periods are identical within their uncertainties. Since the star fills a significant fraction of its Roche lobe, about 62%, the photometric light curve may be the result of starspots and a modest ellipticity effect.

Quantum Scattering Study of Ro-Vibrational Excitations in N+N(sub 2) Collisions under Re-entry Conditions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wang, Dunyou; Stallcop, James R.; Dateo, Christopher E.; Schwenke, David W.; Huo, Winifred M.

2004-01-01

A three-dimensional time-dependent quantum dynamics approach using a recently developed ab initio potential energy surface is applied to study ro-vibrational excitation in N+N2 exchange scattering for collision energies in the range 2.1- 3.2 eV. State-to-state integral exchange cross sections are examined to determine the distribution of excited rotational states of N(sub 2). The results demonstrate that highly-excited rotational states are produced by exchange scattering and furthermore, that the maximum value of (Delta)j increases rapidly with increasing collision energies. Integral exchange cross sections and exchange rate constants for excitation to the lower (upsilon = 0-3) vibrational energy levels are presented as a function of the collision energy. Excited-vibrational-state distributions for temperatures at 2,000 K and 10,000 K are included.

The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Adaptation II: The Distribution of Adaptive Substitutions in the Moving Optimum Model

PubMed Central

Kopp, Michael; Hermisson, Joachim

2009-01-01

We consider a population that adapts to a gradually changing environment. Our aim is to describe how ecological and genetic factors combine to determine the genetic basis of adaptation. Specifically, we consider the evolution of a polygenic trait that is under stabilizing selection with a moving optimum. The ecological dynamics are defined by the strength of selection, \\documentclass[10pt]{article} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{pmc} \\usepackage[Euler]{upgreek} \\pagestyle{empty} \\oddsidemargin -1.0in \\begin{document} \\begin{equation*}{\\mathrm{\\tilde {{\\sigma}}}}\\end{equation*}\\end{document}, and the speed of the optimum, \\documentclass[10pt]{article} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{pmc} \\usepackage[Euler]{upgreek} \\pagestyle{empty} \\oddsidemargin -1.0in \\begin{document} \\begin{equation*}\\tilde {{\\upsilon}}\\end{equation*}\\end{document}; the key genetic parameters are the mutation rate Θ and the variance of the effects of new mutations, ω. We develop analytical approximations within an “adaptive-walk” framework and describe how selection acts as a sieve that transforms a given distribution of new mutations into the distribution of adaptive substitutions. Our analytical results are complemented by individual-based simulations. We find that (i) the ecological dynamics have a strong effect on the distribution of adaptive substitutions and their impact depends largely on a single composite measure \\documentclass[10pt]{article} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{pmc} \\usepackage[Euler]{upgreek} \\pagestyle{empty} \\oddsidemargin -1.0in \\begin{document} \\begin{equation*}{\\mathrm{{\\gamma}}}=\\tilde {{\\upsilon}}/({\\mathrm{\\tilde {{\\sigma}}}}{\\Theta}{\\mathrm{{\\omega}}}^{3})\\end{equation*}\\end{document}, which combines the ecological and genetic parameters; (ii) depending on γ, we can distinguish two distinct adaptive regimes: for large γ the adaptive process is mutation limited and dominated by genetic constraints, whereas for small γ it is environmentally limited and dominated by the external ecological dynamics; (iii) deviations from the adaptive-walk approximation occur for large mutation rates, when different mutant alleles interact via linkage or epistasis; and (iv) in contrast to predictions from previous models assuming constant selection, the distribution of adaptive substitutions is generally not exponential. PMID:19805820

Observation of B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K{sup 0} and B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K*{sup 0} at Belle

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chang, Y.-W.; Wang, M.-Z.; Chao, Y.

2009-03-01

We study the charmless decays B{yields}{lambda}{lambda}h, where h stands for {pi}{sup +}, K{sup +}, K{sup 0},K*{sup +}, or K*{sup 0}, using a 605 fb{sup -1} data sample collected at the {upsilon}(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider. We observe B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K{sup 0} and B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K*{sup 0} with branching fractions of (4.76{sub -0.68}{sup +0.84}(stat){+-}0.61(syst))x10{sup -6} and (2.46{sub -0.72}{sup +0.87}{+-}0.34)x10{sup -6}, respectively. The significances of these signals in the threshold-mass enhanced mass region, M{sub {lambda}}{sub {lambda}}<2.85 GeV/c{sup 2}, are 12.4{sigma} and 9.3{sigma}, respectively. We also update the branching fraction B(B{sup +}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K{sup +})=(3.38{sub -0.36}{sup +0.41}{+-}0.41)x10{supmore » -6} with better accuracy, and report the following measurement or 90% confidence level upper limit in the threshold-mass-enhanced region: B(B{sup +}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}K*{sup +})=(2.19{sub -0.88}{sup +1.13}{+-}0.33)x10{sup -6} with 3.7{sigma} significance; B(B{sup +}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}{pi}{sup +})<0.94x10{sup -6}. A related search for B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}D{sup 0} yields a branching fraction B(B{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{lambda}D{sup 0})=(1.05{sub -0.44}{sup +0.57}{+-}0.14)x10{sup -5}. This may be compared with the large, {approx}10{sup -4}, branching fraction observed for B{sup 0}{yields}ppD{sup 0}. The M{sub {lambda}}{sub {lambda}} enhancements near threshold and related angular distributions for the observed modes are also reported.« less

sPHENIX: The next generation heavy ion detector at RHIC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Campbell, Sarah; sPHENIX Collaboration

2017-04-01

sPHENIX is a new collaboration and future detector project at Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). It seeks to answer fundamental questions on the nature of the quark gluon plasma (QGP), including its coupling strength and temperature dependence, by using a suite of precision jet and upsilon measurements that probe different length scales of the QGP. This is possible with a full acceptance, |η| < 1 and 0-2π in φ, electromagentic and hadronic calorimeters and precision tracking enabled by a 1.5 T superconducting magnet. With the increased luminosity afforded by accelerator upgrades, sPHENIX is going to perform high statistics measurements extending the kinematic reach at RHIC to overlap the LHC’s. This overlap is going to facilitate a better understanding of the role of temperature, density and parton virtuality in QGP dynamics and, specifically, jet quenching. This paper focuses on key future measurements and the current state of the sPHENIX project.

Feasibility Studies for Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry Measurements at a Fixed-Target Experiment Using the LHC Proton and Lead Beams (AFTER@LHC)

DOE PAGES

Kikoła, Daniel; Echevarria, Miguel García; Hadjidakis, Cynthia; ...

2017-05-17

Measurement of Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetrymore » $$A_N$$ for various quarkonia states and Drell-Yan lepton pairs can shed light on the orbital angular momentum of quarks and gluons, a fundamental ingredient of the spin puzzle of the proton. The AFTER@LHC experiment combines a unique kinematic coverage and large luminosities of the Large Hadron Collider beams to deliver precise measurements, complementary to the knowledge provided by collider experiments such as RHIC. Here, we report on sensitivity studies for $$J/\\Psi$$, $$\\Upsilon$$ and Drell-Yan $$A_N$$ done using the performance of a LHCb-like and ALICE-like detectors, combined with a polarised hydrogen and $^3$He target. Particularly, such research will provide new insights and knowledge about transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions for quarks and gluons and on twist-3 collinear matrix elements in a proton and a neutron.« less

Observation of CP violation in neutral B meson going to positive kaon-antipion and neutral B meson going to pion-antipion decays with the BABAR detector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xuanzhong

This dissertation describes the measurement of asymmetries in neutral B meson decays to two-body final states of charged pions and kaons. The results are obtained from a data sample of 383 million Upsilon(4 S) → BB¯ decays collected between 1999 and 2006 with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, California. The maximum likelihood fit that incorporates kinematical, event-shape, and particle identification information is used to measure the CP asymmetries in B0 → pi +pi- and K+/- pi∓ decays. The direct CP-violating asymmetry between decays to K-pi + is AKpi = -0.107 +/- 0.018+0.007-0.004 . The time-dependent CP-violating parameters in B0 → pi+pi- decays are Spipi = -0.60 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.03, Cpipi = -0.21 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.02. For all the measurements above, the first error is statistical and the second is systematic.

The solar wind structure that caused a large-scale disturbance of the plasma tail of comet Austin

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kozuka, Yukio; Konno, Ichishiro; Saito, Takao; Numazawa, Shigemi

1992-01-01

The plasma tail of Comet Austin (1989c1) showed remarkable disturbances because of the solar maximum periods and its orbit. Figure 1 shows photographs of Comet Austin taken in Shibata, Japan, on 29 Apr. 1990 UT, during about 20 minutes with the exposure times of 90 to 120 s. There are two main features in the disturbance; one is many bowed structures, which seem to move tailwards; and the other is a large-scale wavy structure. The bowed structures can be interpreted as arcade structures brushing the surface of both sides of the cometary plasma surrounding the nucleus. We identified thirteen structures of the arcades from each of the five photographs and calculated the relation between the distance of each structure from the cometary nucleus, chi, and the velocity, upsilon. The result is shown. This indicates that the velocity of the structures increases with distance. This is consistent with the result obtained from the observation at the Kiso Observatory.

Infrared spectra of seeded hydrogen clusters: (para-H2)N-N2O and (ortho-H2)N-N2O, N = 2-13.

PubMed

Tang, Jian; McKellar, A R W

2005-09-15

High-resolution infrared spectra of clusters containing para-H2 and/or ortho-H2 and a single nitrous oxide molecule are studied in the 2225-cm(-1) region of the upsilon1 fundamental band of N2O. The clusters are formed in pulsed supersonic jet expansions from a cooled nozzle and probed using a tunable infrared diode laser spectrometer. The simple symmetric rotor-type spectra generally show no resolved K structure, with prominent Q-branch features for ortho-H2 but not para-H2 clusters. The observed vibrational shifts and rotational constants are reported. There is no obvious indication of superfluid effects for para-H2 clusters up to N=13. Sharp transitions due to even larger clusters are observed, but no definite assignments are possible. Mixed (para-H2)N-(ortho-H2)M-N2O cluster line positions can be well predicted by linear interpolation between the corresponding transitions of the pure clusters.

The orbit of the Cepheid AW Per

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Evans, Nancy Remage; Welch, Douglas L.

1988-01-01

An orbit for the classical Cepheid AW Per was derived. Phase residuals from the light curve are consistent with the light-time effect from the orbit. The companion was studied using IUE spectra. The flux distribution from 1300 to 1700 A is unusual, probably an extreme PbSi star, comparable to a B7V or B8V star. The flux of the composite spectrum from 1200 A through V is well matched by F7Ib and B8V standard stars with Delta M(sub upsilon) = 3(m) multiplied by 1. The mass function from the orbit indicates that the mass of the Cepheid must be greater that 4.7 solar mass if it is the more massive component. A B7V to B8V companion is compatible with the 1 sigma lower limit (3.5 solar mass) from the mass function. This implies that the Cepheid has the same mass, but the large magnitude difference rules this out. It is likely that the companion is itself a binary.

The sPHENIX Experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pérez Lara, Carlos E.

2018-02-01

Our understanding of QCD under extreme conditions has advanced tremendously in the last 20 years with the discovery of the Quark Gluon Plasma and its characterisation in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. The sPHENIX detector planned at RHIC is designed to further study the microscopic nature of the QGP through precision measurements of jet, upsilon and open heavy flavor probes over a broad pT range. The multi-year sPHENIX physics program will commence in early 2023, using state-of-the art detector technologies to fully exploit the highest RHIC luminosities. The experiment incorporates the 1.4 T former BaBar solenoid magnet, and will feature high precision tracking and vertexing capabilities, provided by a compact TPC, Si-strip intermediate tracker and MAPS vertex detector. This is complemented by highly granular electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry with full azimuthal coverage. In this document I describe the sPHENIX detector design and physics program, with particular emphasis on the comprehensive open heavy flavour program enabled by the experiment's large coverage, high rate capability and precision vertexing.

Infection control in El Salvador: the Hospital Rosales experience.

PubMed

Marinero Cáceres, J A; de Sotello, Y

1987-12-01

We describe circumstances at the Hospital Rosales, located in San Salvador, El Salvador, and some salient observations from an infection control program begun in 1978. Findings include overuse of antibiotics, especially of penicillin and chloramphenicol; a predominance of gram-negative rod infections, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a relative infrequency of Staphylococcus aureus infections; an apparent doubling of the mean duration of hospitalization for patients with nosocomial infections compared with other patients (22.1 days versus 11.0 days); documentation and partial correction of deficiencies in aseptic and antiseptic practices; an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis traced to the hospital's factory for the manufacturing of intravenous fluids; and attitudinal problems such as the care of patients with rabies on open wards. Prevalence surveys conducted during 1981 and 1986 suggest a dramatic increase in the recent incidence of surgical wound infection (44% upsilon 28%, P less than 0.001). This latter observation suggests a direct relationship between infection rates and the hardships imposed by poverty and civil war.

Branching Fraction Measurements of the Color-Suppressed Decays B0bar to D(*)0 pi0, D(*)0 eta, D(*)0 omega, and D(*)0 eta_prime and Measurement of the Polarization in the Decay B0bar to D*0 omega

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Tisserand, V.

2012-02-14

We report updated branching fraction measurements of the color-suppressed decays {bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, D*{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}, D{sup 0}{eta}, D*{sup 0}{eta}, D{sup 0}{omega}, D*{sup 0}{omega}, D{sup 0}{eta}', and D*{sup 0}{eta}'. We measure the branching fractions (x10{sup -4}): {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = 2.69 {+-} 0.09 {+-} 0.13, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) = 3.05 {+-} 0.14 {+-} 0.28, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{eta}) = 2.53 {+-} 0.09 {+-} 0.11, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup 0}{eta}) = 2.69 {+-} 0.14 {+-} 0.23, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{omega}) = 2.57 {+-} 0.11more » {+-} 0.14, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup 0}{omega}) = 4.55 {+-} 0.24 {+-} 0.39, {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{eta}') = 1.48 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.07, and {Beta}({bar B}{sup 0} {yields} D*{sup 0}{eta}') = 1.49 {+-} 0.22 {+-} 0.15. We also present the first measurement of the longitudinal polarization fraction of the decay channel D*{sup 0}{omega}, f{sub L} = (66.5 {+-} 4.7 {+-} 1.5)%. In the above, the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The results are based on a sample of (454 {+-} 5) x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} pairs collected at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance, with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage rings at SLAC. The measurements are the most precise determinations of these quantities from a single experiment. They are compared to theoretical predictions obtained by factorization, Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) and perturbative QCD (pQCD). We find that the presence of final state interactions is favored and the measurements are in better agreement with SCET than with pQCD.« less

Theory, Design and Operation of a High-Power Second - Gyro-Twt Amplifier.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Qinsong

1995-01-01

Based on the cyclotron resonance maser (CRM) instability, the gyrotron traveling wave tube (gyro-TWT) amplifier is an efficient high power microwave and millimeter wave coherent radiation source. As evidenced in previous experiments, gyro-TWTs, however, can be very susceptible to spontaneous oscillations, and their output powers have thus been limited to relatively low levels. In this dissertation work, thorough theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to demonstrate and confirm a novel "marginal stability design" (MSD) concept that a harmonic gyro-TWT amplifier is more stable to spontaneous oscillation than a fundamental harmonic gyro-TWT amplifier. Since their interactions are, in general, weaker and allow higher levels of electron beam current, harmonic gyro-TWTs can yield, in principle, a significantly higher RF output power than a fundamental gyro-TWT. The study results also show that a magnetron injection gun (MIG) type electron beam is applicable to harmonic gyro-TWTs. A complete analytic linear theory employing Laplace transforms and a three dimensional nonlinear theory using a slow time-scale formalism are developed in Chapt. 2 for the general CRM interaction to address the issue of stability. Two designs were developed to demonstrate the MSD procedure. The design and development of the proof -of-principle experiment are discussed in Chapt. 3. The accompanying cold test results indicate that all the components have met their respective design goals. The RF diagnostic circuit employed to characterize the gyro-TWT amplifier is also described. Chapter 4 presents the hot-test results of the second-harmonic TE_{21} gyro-TWT amplifier experiment in which an 80 kV, 20 A MIG beam with alpha(equivupsilon _|/upsilon_|) = 1 was used to generate a peak RF output power of 207 kW in Ku-band with an efficiency of 12.9%. In addition, the saturated gain is 16 dB, the small signal gain is 22 dB, the measured bandwidth is 2.1%, and the amplifier was zero-drive stable. As pointed out in Chapt. 5, the theoretical and experimental studies conducted in this work have successfully realized their objectives. Further improvements to the current proof-of-principle experiment and an increase in the operating frequency by operating at an even higher cyclotron harmonic are promising and worthy of future efforts.

Measurements of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries in B meson decays to charmless two-body states containing a K(0).

PubMed

Aubert, B; Barate, R; Boutigny, D; Couderc, F; Gaillard, J-M; Hicheur, A; Karyotakis, Y; Lees, J P; Robbe, P; Tisserand, V; Zghiche, A; Palano, A; Pompili, A; Chen, J C; Qi, N D; Rong, G; Wang, P; Zhu, Y S; Eigen, G; Ofte, I; Stugu, B; Abrams, G S; Borgland, A W; Breon, A B; Brown, D N; Button-Shafer, J; Cahn, R N; Charles, E; Day, C T; Gill, M S; Gritsan, A V; Groysman, Y; Jacobsen, R G; Kadel, R W; Kadyk, J; Kerth, L T; Kolomensky, Yu G; Kukartsev, G; LeClerc, C; Levi, M E; Lynch, G; Mir, L M; Oddone, P J; Orimoto, T J; Pripstein, M; Roe, N A; Romosan, A; Ronan, M T; Shelkov, V G; Telnov, A V; Wenzel, W A; Ford, K; Harrison, T J; Hawkes, C M; Knowles, D J; Morgan, S E; Penny, R C; Watson, A T; Watson, N K; Goetzen, K; Held, T; Koch, H; Lewandowski, B; Pelizaeus, M; Peters, K; Schmuecker, H; Steinke, M; Boyd, J T; Chevalier, N; Cottingham, W N; Kelly, M P; Latham, T E; Mackay, C; Wilson, F F; Abe, K; Cuhadar-Donszelmann, T; Hearty, C; Mattison, T S; McKenna, J A; Thiessen, D; Kyberd, P; McKemey, A K; Teodorescu, L; Blinov, V E; Bukin, A D; Golubev, V B; Ivanchenko, V N; Kravchenko, E A; Onuchin, A P; Serednyakov, S I; Skovpen, Yu I; Solodov, E P; Yushkov, A N; Best, D; Bruinsma, M; Chao, M; Eschrich, I; Kirkby, D; Lankford, A J; Mandelkern, M; Mommsen, R K; Roethel, W; Stoker, D P; Buchanan, C; Hartfiel, B L; Gary, J W; Layter, J; Shen, B C; Wang, K; del Re, D; Hadavand, H K; Hill, E J; MacFarlane, D B; Paar, H P; Rahatlou, Sh; Sharma, V; Berryhill, J W; Campagnari, C; Dahmes, B; Levy, S L; Long, O; Lu, A; Mazur, M A; Richman, J D; Verkerke, W; Beck, T W; Beringer, J; Eisner, A M; Heusch, C A; Lockman, W S; Schalk, T; Schmitz, R E; Schumm, B A; Seiden, A; Spradlin, P; Turri, M; Walkowiak, W; Williams, D C; Wilson, M G; Albert, J; Chen, E; Dubois-Felsmann, G P; Dvoretskii, A; Erwin, R J; Hitlin, D G; Narsky, I; Piatenko, T; Porter, F C; Ryd, A; Samuel, A; Yang, S; Jayatilleke, S; Mancinelli, G; Meadows, B T; Sokoloff, M D; Abe, T; Blanc, F; Bloom, P; Chen, S; Clark, P J; Ford, W T; Nauenberg, U; Olivas, A; Rankin, P; Roy, J; Smith, J G; van Hoek, W C; Zhang, L; Harton, J L; Hu, T; Soffer, A; Toki, W H; Wilson, R J; Zhang, J; Aleksan, R; Emery, S; Gaidot, A; Ganzhur, S F; Giraud, P-F; Hamelde Monchenault, G; Kozanecki, W; Langer, M; Legendre, M; London, G W; Mayer, B; Schott, G; Vasseur, G; Yeche, Ch; Zito, M; Altenburg, D; Brandt, T; Brose, J; Colberg, T; Dickopp, M; Hauke, A; Lacker, H M; Maly, E; Müller-Pfefferkorn, R; Nogowski, R; Otto, S; Schubert, J; Schubert, K R; Schwierz, R; Spaan, B; Wilden, L; Bernard, D; Bonneaud, G R; Brochard, F; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Grenier, P; Thiebaux, Ch; Vasileiadis, G; Verderi, M; Khan, A; Lavin, D; Muheim, F; Playfer, S; Swain, J E; Andreotti, M; Azzolini, V; Bettoni, D; Bozzi, C; Calabrese, R; Cibinetto, G; Luppi, E; Negrini, M; Piemontese, L; Sarti, A; Treadwell, E; Anulli, F; Baldini-Ferroli, R; Calcaterra, A; De Sangro, R; Falciai, D; Finocchiaro, G; Patteri, P; Peruzzi, I M; Piccolo, M; Zallo, A; Buzzo, A; Capra, R; Contri, R; Crosetti, G; Lo Vetere, M; Macri, M; Monge, M R; Passaggio, S; Patrignani, C; Robutti, E; Santroni, A; Tosi, S; Bailey, S; Morii, M; Won, E; Dubitzky, R S; Bhimji, W; Bowerman, D A; Dauncey, P D; Egede, U; Gaillard, J R; Morton, G W; Nash, J A; Taylor, G P; Grenier, G J; Lee, S-J; Mallik, U; Cochran, J; Crawley, H B; Lamsa, J; Meyer, W T; Prell, S; Rosenberg, E I; Yi, J; Biasini, M; Pioppi, M; Davier, M; Grosdidier, G; Höcker, A; Laplace, S; Diberder, F Le; Lepeltier, V; Lutz, A M; Petersen, T C; Plaszczynski, S; Schune, M H; Tantot, L; Wormser, G; Brigljević, V; Cheng, C H; Lange, D J; Simani, M C; Wright, D M; Bevan, A J; Coleman, J P; Fry, J R; Gabathuler, E; Gamet, R; Kay, M; Parry, R J; Payne, D J; Sloane, R J; Touramanis, C; Back, J J; Cormack, C M; Harrison, P F; Shorthouse, H W; Vidal, P B; Brown, C L; Cowan, G; Flack, R L; Flaecher, H U; George, S; Green, M G; Kurup, A; Marker, C E; McMahon, T R; Ricciardi, S; Salvatore, F; Vaitsas, G; Winter, M A; Brown, D; Davis, C L; Allison, J; Barlow, N R; Barlow, R J; Hart, P A; Hodgkinson, M C; Jackson, F; Lafferty, G D; Lyon, A J; Weatherall, J H; Williams, J C; Farbin, A; Hulsbergen, W D; Jawahery, A; Kovalskyi, D; Lae, C K; Lillard, V; Roberts, D A; Blaylock, G; Dallapiccola, C; Flood, K T; Hertzbach, S S; Kofler, R; Koptchev, V B; Moore, T B; Saremi, S; Staengle, H; Willocq, S; Cowan, R; Sciolla, G; Taylor, F; Yamamoto, R K; Mangeol, D J J; Patel, P M; Robertson, S H; Lazzaro, A; Palombo, F; Bauer, J M; Cremaldi, L; Eschenburg, V; Godang, R; Kroeger, R; Reidy, J; Sanders, D A; Summers, D J; Zhao, H W; Brunet, S; Cote-Ahern, D; Taras, P; Nicholson, H; Raven, G; Cartaro, C; Cavallo, N; De Nardo, G; Fabozzi, F; Gatto, C; Lista, L; Paolucci, P; Piccolo, D; Sciacca, C; Jessop, C P; LoSecco, J M; Gabriel, T A; Brau, B; Gan, K K; Honscheid, K; Hufnagel, D; Kagan, H; Kass, R; Pulliam, T; Ter-Antonyan, R; Wong, Q K; Brau, J; Frey, R; Igonkina, O; Potter, C T; Sinev, N B; Strom, D; Torrence, E; Colecchia, F; Dorigo, A; Galeazzi, F; Margoni, M; Morandin, M; Posocco, M; Rotondo, M; Simonetto, F; Stroili, R; Tiozzo, G; Voci, C; Benayoun, M; Briand, H; Chauveau, J; David, P; De la Vaissière, Ch; Del Buono, L; Hamon, O; John, M J J; Leruste, Ph; Ocariz, J; Pivk, M; Roos, L; Stark, J; T'Jampens, S; Therin, G; Manfredi, P F; Re, V; Behera, P K; Gladney, L; Guo, Q H; Panetta, J; Angelini, C; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bondioli, M; Bucci, F; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Del Gamba, V; Forti, F; Giorgi, M A; Lusiani, A; Marchiori, G; Martinez-Vidal, F; Morganti, M; Neri, N; Paoloni, E; Rama, M; Rizzo, G; Sandrelli, F; Walsh, J; Haire, M; Judd, D; Paick, K; Wagoner, D E; Cavoto, G; Danielson, N; Elmer, P; Lu, C; Miftakov, V; Olsen, J; Smith, A J S; Bellini, F; Faccini, R; Ferrarotto, F; Ferroni, F; Gaspero, M; Mazzoni, M A; Morganti, S; Pierini, M; Piredda, G; Safai Tehrani, F; Voena, C; Christ, S; Wagner, G; Waldi, R; Adye, T; De Groot, N; Franek, B; Geddes, N I; Gopal, G P; Olaiya, E O; Xella, S M; Purohit, M V; Weidemann, A W; Yumiceva, F X; Aston, D; Bartoldus, R; Berger, N; Boyarski, A M; Buchmueller, O L; Convery, M R; Cristinziani, M; Dong, D; Dorfan, J; Dujmic, D; Dunwoodie, W; Elsen, E E; Field, R C; Glanzman, T; Gowdy, S J; Hadig, T; Halyo, V; Hryn'ova, T; Innes, W R; Kelsey, M H; Kim, P; Kocian, M L; Langenegger, U; Leith, D W G S; Libby, J; Luitz, S; Luth, V; Lynch, H L; Marsiske, H; Messner, R; Muller, D R; O'Grady, C P; Ozcan, V E; Perazzo, A; Perl, M; Petrak, S; Ratcliff, B N; Roodman, A; Salnikov, A A; Schindler, R H; Schwiening, J; Simi, G; Snyder, A; Soha, A; Stelzer, J; Su, D; Sullivan, M K; Va'vra, J; Wagner, S R; Weaver, M; Weinstein, A J R; Wisniewski, W J; Wright, D H; Young, C C; Burchat, P R; Edwards, A J; Meyer, T I; Petersen, B A; Roat, C; Ahmed, M; Ahmed, S; Alam, M S; Ernst, J A; Saeed, M A; Saleem, M; Wappler, F R; Bugg, W; Krishnamurthy, M; Spanier, S M; Eckmann, R; Kim, H; Ritchie, J L; Satpathy, A; Schwitters, R F; Izen, J M; Kitayama, I; Lou, X C; Ye, S; Bianchi, F; Bona, M; Gallo, F; Gamba, D; Borean, C; Bosisio, L; Della Ricca, G; Dittongo, S; Grancagnolo, S; Lanceri, L; Poropat, P; Vitale, L; Vuagnin, G; Panvini, R S; Banerjee, Sw; Brown, C M; Fortin, D; Jackson, P D; Kowalewski, R; Roney, J M; Band, H R; Dasu, S; Datta, M; Eichenbaum, A M; Johnson, J R; Kutter, P E; Li, H; Liu, R; Lodovico, F Di; Mihalyi, A; Mohapatra, A K; Pan, Y; Prepost, R; Sekula, S J; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J H; Wu, J; Wu, S L; Yu, Z; Neal, H

2004-05-21

We present measurements of branching fractions and CP-violating asymmetries in decays of B mesons to two-body final states containing a K0. The results are based on a data sample of approximately 88 x 10(6) Upsilon(4S)-->BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B Factory at SLAC. We measure B(B+-->K(0)pi(+))=(22.3+/-1.7+/-1.1)x10(-6), B(B0-->K(0)pi(0)=(11.4+/-1.7+/-0.8)x10(-6), B(B+-->K(0)K+)<2.5 x 10(-6), and B(B0-->K(0)K(0)<1.8 x 10(-6), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, and the upper limits are at the 90% confidence level. In addition, the following CP-violating asymmetries have been measured: A(CP)(B+-->K(0)pi(+))=-0.05+/-0.08+/-0.01 and A(CP)(B0-->K(0)pi(0)=0.03+/-0.36+/-0.11.

Interstellar Broadening of Images in the Gravitational Lens Pks 1830-211

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jones, D. L.; Preston, R. A.; Murphy, D. W.; Jauncey, D. L.; Reynolds, J. E.; Tzioumis, A. K.; King, E. A.; McCulloch, P. M.; Lovell, J. E. J.; Costa, M. E.

1996-01-01

The remarkably strong radio gravitational lens PKS 1830-211 consists of a one arcsecond diameter Einstein ring with two bright compact (milliarcsecond) components located on opposite sides of the ring. We have obtained 22 GHz VLBA data on this source to determine the intrinsic angular sizes of the compact components. Previous VLBI observations at lower frequencies indicate that the brightness temperatures of these components are significantly lower than 10(exp 10) K (Jauncey, et al. 1991), less than is typical for compact synchrotron radio sources and less than is implied by the short timescales of flux density variations. A possible explanation is that interstellar scattering is broadening the apparent angular size of the source and thereby reducing the observed brightness temperature. Our VLBA data support this hypothesis. At 22 GHz the measured brightness temperature is at least 10(exp 11) K, and the deconvolved 2 size of the core in the southwest compact component is proportional to upsilon(sup -2) between 1.7 and 22 GHz. VLBI observations at still higher frequencies should be unaffected by interstellar scattering.

The Z {yields} cc-bar {yields} {gamma}{gamma}*, Z {yields} bb-bar {yields} {gamma}{gamma}* triangle diagrams and the Z {yields} {gamma}{psi}, Z {yields} {gamma}Y decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Achasov, N. N., E-mail: achasov@math.nsc.ru

2011-03-15

The approach to the Z {yields} {gamma}{psi} and Z {yields} {gamma}Y decay study is presented in detail, based on the sum rules for the Z {yields} cc-bar {yields} {gamma}{gamma}* and Z {yields} bb-bar {yields} {gamma}{gamma}* amplitudes and their derivatives. The branching ratios of the Z {yields} {gamma}{psi} and Z {yields} {gamma}Y decays are calculated for different hypotheses on saturation of the sum rules. The lower bounds of {Sigma}{sub {psi}} BR(Z {yields} {gamma}{psi}) = 1.95 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -7} and {Sigma}{sub {upsilon}} BR(Z {yields} {gamma}Y) = 7.23 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -7} are found. Deviations from the lower bounds are discussed, including the possibilitymore » of BR(Z {yields} {gamma}J/{psi}(1S)) {approx} BR(Z {yields} {gamma}Y(1S)) {approx} 10{sup -6}, that could be probably measured in LHC. The angular distributions in the Z {yields} {gamma}{psi} and Z {yields} {gamma}Y decays are also calculated.« less

A Current Application of the Methods of Secular and Statistical Parallax

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turner, D. G.

The methods of secular and statistical parallax for homogeneous groups of Galactic stars are applied in a practical (classroom) exercise to establish the luminosity of bright B3 V stars. The solar motion of 20 km s-1 relative to group stars exceeds their random velocities of ±10 km s-1, a condition adopted for preference of secular parallax to statistical parallax. The group parallax of πups = 5.81 ± 0.83 mas and derived luminosity MV = -0.98 ± 0.33 for B3 V stars from upsilon components of proper motion should be close to the true value. The weighted mean Hipparcos parallax of ±Hip = 5.75±0.27 mas for the same sample, and implied luminosity of MV = -1.00 ± 0.15, confirm the secular parallax solution. Both solutions are close to MV = -0.83 for ZAMS stars of the same type, implying that Malmquist bias in the selection of stars mainly accounts for the presence of unresolved binaries, slightly evolved objects, and rapidly rotating stars in the sample.

Study of dipion transitions among Υ(3S), Υ(2S), and Υ(1S) states

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Gao, K. Y.; Hietala, J.; Kubota, Y.; Klein, T.; Lang, B. W.; Poling, R.; Scott, A. W.; Smith, A.; Zweber, P.; Dobbs, S.; Metreveli, Z.; Seth, K. K.; Tomaradze, A.; Ernst, J.; Ecklund, K. M.; Severini, H.; Love, W.; Savinov, V.; Lopez, A.; Mehrabyan, S.; Mendez, H.; Ramirez, J.; Huang, G. S.; Miller, D. H.; Pavlunin, V.; Sanghi, B.; Shipsey, I. P. J.; Xin, B.; Adams, G. S.; Anderson, M.; Cummings, J. P.; Danko, I.; Hu, D.; Moziak, B.; Napolitano, J.; He, Q.; Insler, J.; Muramatsu, H.; Park, C. S.; Thorndike, E. H.; Yang, F.; Artuso, M.; Blusk, S.; Khalil, S.; Li, J.; Menaa, N.; Mountain, R.; Nisar, S.; Randrianarivony, K.; Sia, R.; Skwarnicki, T.; Stone, S.; Wang, J. C.; Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Dubrovin, M.; Lincoln, A.; Pappas, S. P.; Weinstein, A. J.; Asner, D. M.; Edwards, K. W.; Naik, P.; Briere, R. A.; Ferguson, T.; Tatishvili, G.; Vogel, H.; Watkins, M. E.; Rosner, J. L.; Adam, N. E.; Alexander, J. P.; Cassel, D. G.; Duboscq, J. E.; Ehrlich, R.; Fields, L.; Galik, R. S.; Gibbons, L.; Gray, R.; Gray, S. W.; Hartill, D. L.; Heltsley, B. K.; Hertz, D.; Jones, C. D.; Kandaswamy, J.; Kreinick, D. L.; Kuznetsov, V. E.; Mahlke-Krüger, H.; Mohapatra, D.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Patterson, J. R.; Peterson, D.; Pivarski, J.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Sadoff, A. J.; Schwarthoff, H.; Shi, X.; Stroiney, S.; Sun, W. M.; Wilksen, T.; Athar, S. B.; Patel, R.; Yelton, J.; Rubin, P.; Cawlfield, C.; Eisenstein, B. I.; Karliner, I.; Kim, D.; Lowrey, N.; Selen, M.; White, E. J.; Wiss, J.; Mitchell, R. E.; Shepherd, M. R.; Besson, D.; Pedlar, T. K.

2007-10-01

We present measurements of decay matrix elements for hadronic transitions of the form Υ(nS)→Υ(mS)ππ, where (n,m)=(3,1),(2,1),(3,2). We reconstruct charged and neutral pion modes with the final state Upsilon decaying to either μ+μ- or e+e-. Dalitz plot distributions for the 12 decay modes are fit individually as well as jointly assuming isospin symmetry, thereby measuring the matrix elements of the decay amplitude. We observe and account for the anomaly previously noted in the dipion invariant mass distribution for the Υ(3S)→Υ(1S)ππ transition and obtain good descriptions of the dynamics of the decay using the most general decay amplitude allowed by partial conservation of the axial-vector current considerations. The fits further indicate that the Υ(2S)→Υ(1S)ππ and Υ(3S)→Υ(2S)ππ transitions also show the presence of terms in the decay amplitude that were previously ignored, although at a relatively suppressed level.

Search for Strange Pentaquark Production in e{sup +}e{sup -} Annihilations at {radical}s=10.5 GeV and in {Upsilon}(4S) Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B

2004-08-16

The authors present a preliminary inclusive search for strange pentaquark production in e{sup +}e{sup -} interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV using 123 fb{sup -1} of data collected with the BABAR detector. They look for the states that have been reported previously: the {Theta}{sup +}(1540), interpreted as a udud{bar s} state; and the {Xi}{sup --}(1860) and {Xi}{sup 0}(1860), candidate dsds{bar u} and uss(u{bar u} + d{bar d}) states, respectively. In addition they search for other members of the antidecuplet and corresponding octet to which these states are thought to belong. They find no evidence for the production ofmore » such states and set preliminary limits on their production cross sections as functions of c.m. momentum. The corresponding limits on the {Theta}{sup +}(1540) and {Xi}{sup --}(1860) rates per e{sup +}e{sup -} --> q{bar q} event are well below the rates measured for ordinary baryons of similar mass.« less

Search for B{sup +} --> K{sup +} lepton-plus-lepton-minus and B{sup 0} --> K*{sup 0} lepton-plus-lepton-minus

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Barrera, Barbara

Using a sample of 3.7 x 10{sup 6} upsilon(4S) --> B anti-B events collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II storage ring, the authors search for the electroweak penguin decays B{sup +} --> K{sup +}e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}, B{sup +} --> K{sup +}mu{sup +}mu{sup {minus}},B{sup 0} --> K*{sup 0} e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}, and B{sup 0} --> K*{sup 0}mu{sup +}mu{sup {minus}}. The authors observe no significant signals for these modes and set preliminary 90% C.L. upper limits of: beta(B{sup +} --> K{sup +}e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}) < 12.5 x 10{sup {minus}6}; beta(B{sup +} --> K{sup +}mu{sup +}mu{sup {minus}}) < 8.3 x 10{supmore » {minus}6}; beta(B{sup 0} --> K*{sup 0}e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}) < 24.1 x 10{sup {minus}6}; and beta(B{sup 0} --> K*{sup 0}mu{sup +}mu{sup {minus}}) < 24.5 x 10{sup {minus}6}.« less

Advanced infrared astronomy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Mumma, M. J.; Deming, D.; Espenak, F.; Kostiuk, T.

1986-01-01

The CO2 laser heterodyne spectrometer was used at the 3-m IRTF on Mauna Kea to make measurements of Mars during the 1984 opposition. Analysis of the observations of the mesospheric non-thermal emission demonstrated the existence of a warming of the Mars polar mesosphere, similar to the seasonal effects which are well known to occur at the Earth's mesopause. A search for CO2 and NH3 on Comet Halley was done with the new Kitt Peak system as well as with the IRTF heterodyne system. A Lamb-dip absorption cell was designed and constructed. Its use will allow extreme frequency stabilization of the laser local oscillator, which will greatly facilitate measurements of winds and dynamical phenomena. The Lamb-dip cell was used at Kitt Peak to study zonal and meridional winds in the atmosphere of Venus. Water vapor was detected in Comet Halley using Fourier transform spectrometer. The 2.65 micrometer upsilon sub 3 band was seen in emission, confirming non-thermal-equilibrium excitation models for comets. A study was made of the variability of Jovian ethane emission. The average volume mixing ratio of ethane in the Jovian stratosphere was found to be 3x10 to the -6 power, with the greatest variability seen in the auroral regions.

Density-functional theory based on the electron distribution on the energy coordinate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takahashi, Hideaki

2018-03-01

We developed an electronic density functional theory utilizing a novel electron distribution n(ɛ) as a basic variable to compute ground state energy of a system. n(ɛ) is obtained by projecting the electron density n({\\boldsymbol{r}}) defined on the space coordinate {\\boldsymbol{r}} onto the energy coordinate ɛ specified with the external potential {\\upsilon }ext}({\\boldsymbol{r}}) of interest. It was demonstrated that the Kohn-Sham equation can also be formulated with the exchange-correlation functional E xc[n(ɛ)] that employs the density n(ɛ) as an argument. It turned out an exchange functional proposed in our preliminary development suffices to describe properly the potential energies of several types of chemical bonds with comparable accuracies to the corresponding functional based on local density approximation. As a remarkable feature of the distribution n(ɛ) it inherently involves the spatially non-local information of the exchange hole at the bond dissociation limit in contrast to conventional approximate functionals. By taking advantage of this property we also developed a prototype of the static correlation functional E sc including no empirical parameters, which showed marked improvements in describing the dissociations of covalent bonds in {{{H}}}2,{{{C}}}2{{{H}}}4 and {CH}}4 molecules.

Decays of a NMSSM CP-odd Higgs in the low-mass region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Domingo, Florian

2017-03-01

A popular regime in the NMSSM parameter space involves a light CP-odd Higgs A 1. This scenario has consequences for e.g. light singlino Dark Matter annihilating in the A 1-funnel. In order to confront the pseudoscalar to experimental limits such as flavour observables, Upsilon decays or Beam-Dump experiments, it is necessary to control the interactions of this particle with hadronic matter and derive the corresponding decays. The partonic description cannot be relied upon for masses close to {m_A}{_1} ˜ 1GeV and we employ a chiral lagrangian, then extended to a spectator model for somewhat larger masses, to describe the interplay of the CP-odd Higgs with hadrons. Interestingly, a mixing can develop between A 1 and neutral pseudoscalar mesons, leading to substantial hadronic decays and a coupling of A 1 to the chiral anomaly. Additionally, quartic A 1-meson couplings induce tri-meson decays of the Higgs pseudoscalar. We investigate these effects and propose an estimate of the Higgs widths for masses below {m_A}{_1} ≲ 3 GeV. While we focus on the case of the NMSSM, our results are applicable to a large class of models.

Robust low-bias negative differential resistance in graphene superlattices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sattari-Esfahlan, S. M.; Fouladi-Oskuei, J.; Shojaei, S.

2017-06-01

In this work, we present a detailed theoretical study on the low bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of biased planar graphene superlattice (PGSL), provided by a heterostructured substrate and a series of grounded metallic planes placed over a graphene sheet, which induce a periodically modulated Dirac gap and Fermi velocity barrier, respectively. We investigate the effect of PGSL parameters on the I-V characteristic and the appearance of multipeak negative differential resistance (NDR) in the proposed device within the Landauer-Buttiker formalism and adopted transfer matrix method. Moreover‚ we propose a novel venue to control the NDR in PGSL with Fermi velocity barrier. Different regimes of NDR have been recognized, based on the PGSL parameters and external bias. From this viewpoint‚ we obtain multipeak NDR through miniband aligning in PGSL. The maximum pick to valley ratio (PVR) up to 167 obtained for ~{{\\upsilon}c} , the Fermi velocity correlation (ratio of Fermi velocity in barrier and well region), is 1.9 at bias voltages between 70-130 mV. Our findings have good agreement with experiments and can be considered in designing multi-valued memory‚ functional circuit, low power and high-speed nanoelectronic device applications.

Hadron Collider Detectors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Incandela, J.R.

2000-03-07

Experiments are being prepared at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider that promise to deliver extraordinary insights into the nature of spontaneous symmetry breaking, and the role of supersymmetry in the universe. This article reviews the goals, challenges, and designs of these experiments. The first hadron collider, the ISR at CERN, has to overcome two initial obstacles. The first was low luminosity, which steadily improved over time. The second was the broad angular spread of interesting events. In this regard Maurice Jacob noted (1): The answer is ... sophisticated detectors covering at least the whole central regionmore » (45{degree} {le} {theta} {le} 135{degree}) and full azimuth. This statement, while obvious today, reflects the major revelation of the ISR period that hadrons have partonic substructure. The result was an unexpectedly strong hadronic yield at large transverse momentum (p{sub T}). Partly because of this, the ISR missed the discovery of the J/{psi} and later missed the {Upsilon}. The ISR era was therefore somewhat less auspicious than it might have been. It did however make important contributions in areas such as jet production and charm excitation and it paved the way for the SPS collider, also at CERN.« less

Chaos in a spatially-developing plane mixing layer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Broze, J. G.; Hussain, Fazle; Buell, J. C.

1988-01-01

A spatially-developing plane mixing layer was analyzed for chaotic behavior. A direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations in a 2-D domain infinite in y and having inflow-outflow boundary conditions in x was used for data. Spectra, correlation dimension and the largest Lyapunov exponent were computed as functions of downstream distance x. When forced at a single (fundamental) frequency with maximum amplitude, the flow is periodic at the inflow but becomes aperiodic with increasing x. The aperiodic behavior is caused by the presence of a noisy subharmonic caused by the feedback between the necessarily nonphysical inflow and outflow boundary conditions. In order to overshadow this noise the flow was also studied with the same fundamental forcing and added random forcing of amplitude upsilon prime sub R/delta U = 0.01 at the inlet. Results were qualitatively the same in both cases: for small x, spectral peaks were sharp and dimension was nearly 1, but as x increased a narrowband spectral peak grew, spectra decayed exponentially at high frequencies and dimension increased to greater than 3. Based on these results, the flow appears to exhibit deterministic chaos. However, at no location was the largest Lyapunov exponent found to be significantly greater than zero.

Decay constants and radiative decays of heavy mesons in light-front quark model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Choi, Ho-Meoyng

2007-04-01

We investigate the magnetic dipole decays V{yields}P{gamma} of various heavy-flavored mesons such as (D,D*,D{sub s},D{sub s}*,{eta}{sub c},J/{psi}) and (B,B*,B{sub s},B{sub s}*,{eta}{sub b},{upsilon}) using the light-front quark model constrained by the variational principle for the QCD-motivated effective Hamiltonian. The momentum dependent form factors F{sub VP}(q{sup 2}) for V{yields}P{gamma}* decays are obtained in the q{sup +}=0 frame and then analytically continued to the timelike region by changing q{sub perpendicular} to iq{sub perpendicular} in the form factors. The coupling constant g{sub VP{gamma}} for real photon case is then obtained in the limit as q{sup 2}{yields}0, i.e. g{sub VP{gamma}}=F{sub VP}(q{sup 2}=0). The weak decaymore » constants of heavy pseudoscalar and vector mesons are also calculated. Our numerical results for the decay constants and radiative decay widths for the heavy-flavored mesons are overall in good agreement with the available experimental data as well as other theoretical model calculations.« less

An efficient and accurate technique to compute the absorption, emission, and transmission of radiation by the Martian atmosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lindner, Bernhard Lee; Ackerman, Thomas P.; Pollack, James B.

1990-01-01

CO2 comprises 95 pct. of the composition of the Martian atmosphere. However, the Martian atmosphere also has a high aerosol content. Dust particles vary from less than 0.2 to greater than 3.0. CO2 is an active absorber and emitter in near IR and IR wavelengths; the near IR absorption bands of CO2 provide significant heating of the atmosphere, and the 15 micron band provides rapid cooling. Including both CO2 and aerosol radiative transfer simultaneously in a model is difficult. Aerosol radiative transfer requires a multiple scattering code, while CO2 radiative transfer must deal with complex wavelength structure. As an alternative to the pure atmosphere treatment in most models which causes inaccuracies, a treatment was developed called the exponential sum or k distribution approximation. The chief advantage of the exponential sum approach is that the integration over k space of f(k) can be computed more quickly than the integration of k sub upsilon over frequency. The exponential sum approach is superior to the photon path distribution and emissivity techniques for dusty conditions. This study was the first application of the exponential sum approach to Martian conditions.

Upsilon production cross section in pp collisions at √s=7  TeV

DOE PAGES

Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.; ...

2011-06-15

The Υ(1S), Υ(2S), and Υ(3S) production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV are measured using a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1±0.3 pb⁻¹. Integrated over the rapidity range |y|<2, we find the product of the Υ(1S) production cross section and branching fraction to dimuons to be σ(pp→Υ(1S)X) · B(Υ(1S)→μ⁺μ⁻)=7.37±0.13 +0.61 -0.42±0.81 nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is associated with the estimation of the integrated luminosity of the data sample. This cross section is obtained assuming unpolarized Υ(1S) production.more » With the assumption of fully transverse or fully longitudinal production polarization, the measured cross section changes by about 20%. We also report the measurement of the Υ(1S), Υ(2S), and Υ(3S) differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity.« less

Study of CP Symmetry Violation in the Charmonium-K*(892) Channel By a Complete Time Dependent Angular Analysis (BaBar Experiment) (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

T'Jampens, Stephane; /Orsay

2006-09-18

This thesis presents the full-angular time-dependent analysis of the vector-vector channel B{sub d}{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}(K{sub S}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})*{sup 0}. After a review of the CP violation in the B meson system, the phenomenology of the charmonium-K*(892) channels is exposed. The method for the measurement of the transversity amplitudes of the B {yields} J/{psi}K*(892), based on a pseudo-likelihood method, is then exposed. The results from a 81.9 fb{sup -1} of collected data by the BABAR detector at the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance peak are |A{sub 0}|{sup 2} = 0.565 {+-} 0.011 {+-} 0.004, |A{sub {parallel}}|{sup 2} = 0.206 {+-} 0.016 {+-} 0.007,more » |A{sub {perpendicular}}|{sup 2} = 0.228 {+-} 0.016 {+-} 0.007, {delta}{sub {parallel}} = -2.766 {+-} 0.105 {+-} 0.040 and {delta}{sub {perpendicular}} = 2.935 {+-} 0.067 {+-} 0.040. Note that ({delta}{sub {parallel}}, {delta}{sub {perpendicular}}) {yields} (-{delta}{sub {parallel}}, {pi} - {delta}{sub {perpendicular}}) is also a solution. The strong phases {delta}{sub {parallel}} and {delta}{sub {perpendicular}} are at {approx}> 3{sigma} from {+-}{pi}, signing the presence of final state interactions and the breakdown of the factorization hypothesis. The forward-backward analysis of the K{pi} mass spectrum revealed the presence of a coherent S-wave interfering with the K*(892). It is the first evidence of this wave in the K{pi} system coming from a B meson. The particularity of the B{sub d}{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}(K{sub S}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})*{sup 0} channel is to have a time-dependent but also an angular distribution which allows to measure sin 2{beta} but also cos2{beta}. The results from an unbinned maximum likelihood fit are sin 2{beta} = -0.10 {+-} 0.57 {+-} 0.14 and cos 2{beta} = 3.32{sub -0.96}{sup +0.76} {+-} 0.27 with the transversity amplitudes fixed to the values given above. The other solution for the strong phases flips the sign of cos 2{beta}. Theoretical considerations based on the s-quark helicity conservation favor the choice of the strong phases given above, leading to a positive sign for cos 2{beta}. The sign of cos 2{beta} is the one predicted by the Standard Model.« less

Photoevaporation of Clumps in Photodissociation Regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gorti, Uma; Hollenbach, David; DeVincenzi, D. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

We present the results of an investigation of the effects of Far Ultraviolet (FUV) radiation (6.0eV < hv < 13.6eV) from hot early type OB stars on clumps in star-forming molecular clouds. Clumps in FUV-illuminated regions (or photodissociation regions or PDRs) undergo external heating and photodissociation as they are exposed to the FUV field, resulting in a loss of cold, molecular lump mass as it is converted to warm atomic gas. The heating, if rapid, creates strong photoevaporative mass flows off the clump surfaces, and drives shocks into the clumps, compressing them to high densities. The clumps lose mass on relatively short timescales. The evolution of an individual clump is found to be sensitive to three dimensionless parameters: Nc0, the ratio of the initial column density of the clump to the column N(0) approx. 10(exp 21) cm(exp -2) of a warm FUV-heated surface region; upsilon, the ratio of the sound speed in the heated surface to that in the cold clump material: and t(FUV)t(c), the ratio of the "turn-on time" t(FUV) of the heating flux on a clump to its initial sound crossing-time t(c). The evolution also depends on whether a confining interclump medium exists, or whether the interclump region has negligible pressure, as is the case for turbulence-generated clumps. In this paper, we use spherical 1-D numerical hydrodynamic models as well as approximate analytical models to study the dependence of clump photoevaporation on the physical parameters of the clump, and to derive the dynamical evolution, mass loss rates and photoevaporative timescales of a clump for a variety of astrophysical situations. Turbulent clumps evolve so that their column densities are equal to a critical value determined by the local FUV field, and typically have short photo evaporation timescales, approx. 10(exp 4-5) years for a 1 M(solar mass) clump in a typical star-forming region (Nc0 = 10, upsilon = 10). Clumps with insufficient magnetic pressure support, and in strong FUV fields may be driven to collapse by the compressional effect of converging shock waves. We also estimate the rocket effect on photoevaporating clumps and find that it is significant only for the smallest clumps, with sizes much less than the extent of the PDR itself. Clumps that are confined by all interclump medium may either get completely photoevaporated, or may preserve a shielded core with a warm, dissociated, protective shell that, absorbs the incident FUV flux. We compare our results with observations of some well studied PDRs: the Orion Bar, M17SW NGC 2023 and the Rosette Nebula. The data are consistent with both interpretations of clump origin. turbulence and pressure confinement, with a slight indication for favouring the turbulent model for clumps over pressure-confined

Spectroscopic analyses of the parent stars of extrasolar planetary system candidates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonzalez, Guillermo

1998-06-01

The stars rho () 1 Cnc, rho CrB, 16 Cyg B, 51 Peg, 47 UMa, 70 Vir, and HD 114762 have recently been proposed to harbor planetary mass companions based on small amplitude radial velocity variations. From spectroscopic analyses we derive the following values of [Fe/H] for these stars: 0.29, -0.29, 0.06, 0.21, 0.01, -0.03, and -0.60 (all with an uncertainty of 0.06 dex), respectively; the [Fe/H] value for 16 Cyg A is 0.11. The four 51 Peg-like systems, upsilon And, tau Boo, rho () 1 Cnc, and 51 Peg, have a mean [Fe/H] value of 0.25. Otherwise, the abundance patterns, expressed as [X/Fe], are approximately solar. We used Fourier analysis, supplemented by line profile synthesis, to derive the following v sin i values: <1.3, 1.4 +/- 0.3, 1.7 +/- 0.4, < 0.5, and < 1.5 km s(-1) for rho () 1 Cnc, 51 Peg, 47 UMa, 70 Vir, and HD 114762, respectively. A similar analysis of the spectrum of rho CrB (with a lower resolving power) yields a value of ~ 1.5 km s() -1. Combining these data with published estimates of v sin i and rotation periods and assuming that the radial velocity variations are due to the presence of planets, we derive the following masses for the companions: >0.66, 2.9(+13.6}_{-1.3) , 0.49+/-0.03, 3.4() +3.1_-1.1, >9.4, and >10.4 cal M_J for rho () 1 Cnc, rho CrB, 51 Peg, 47 UMa, 70 Vir, and HD 114762, respectively; the mass of 16 Cyg B b, calculated using a published estimate for sin i, is 2.0() +1.1_-0.3 cal M_J. The masses of the companions to upsilon And and tau Boo, which were analyzed in a previous paper, are 0.76() +0.19_-0.03 and 5.9() +43.9_-1.8 cal M_J, respectively. We confirm previous claims that rho () 1 Cnc appears to be a subgiant. However, the theoretical isochrone-derived age is much greater than the age of the universe. At this time we have insufficient data to determine the true nature of rho () 1 Cnc, but we suggest that it may be an unresolved stellar binary viewed nearly pole-on. A search for line profile variations might help to resolve this mystery. Our findings are consistent with a recently proposed mechanism whereby a gas giant migrates to within a few hundredths of an AU of its parent star during the formative epoch of the planetary system, and the material between the planet and the star is accreted onto the latter. If the accreted material is depleted in H and He, then the photospheric composition of the parent star might be altered significantly.

Two particle model for studying the effects of space-charge force on strong head-tail instabilities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chin, Yong Ho; Chao, Alexander Wu; Blaskiewicz, Michael M.

In this paper, we present a new two particle model for studying the strong head-tail instabilities in the presence of the space-charge force. It is a simple expansion of the well-known two particle model for strong head-tail instability and is still analytically solvable. No chromaticity effect is included. It leads to a formula for the growth rate as a function of the two dimensionless parameters: the space-charge tune shift parameter (normalized by the synchrotron tune) and the wakefield strength, Upsilon. The three-dimensional contour plot of the growth rate as a function of those two dimensionless parameters reveals stopband structures. Manymore » simulation results generally indicate that a strong head-tail instability can be damped by a weak space-charge force, but the beam becomes unstable again when the space-charge force is further increased. The new two particle model indicates a similar behavior. In weak space-charge regions, additional tune shifts by the space-charge force dissolve the mode coupling. As the space-charge force is increased, they conversely restore the mode coupling, but then a further increase of the space-charge force decouples the modes again. Lastly, this mode coupling/decoupling behavior creates the stopband structures.« less

Two particle model for studying the effects of space-charge force on strong head-tail instabilities

DOE PAGES

Chin, Yong Ho; Chao, Alexander Wu; Blaskiewicz, Michael M.

2016-01-19

In this paper, we present a new two particle model for studying the strong head-tail instabilities in the presence of the space-charge force. It is a simple expansion of the well-known two particle model for strong head-tail instability and is still analytically solvable. No chromaticity effect is included. It leads to a formula for the growth rate as a function of the two dimensionless parameters: the space-charge tune shift parameter (normalized by the synchrotron tune) and the wakefield strength, Upsilon. The three-dimensional contour plot of the growth rate as a function of those two dimensionless parameters reveals stopband structures. Manymore » simulation results generally indicate that a strong head-tail instability can be damped by a weak space-charge force, but the beam becomes unstable again when the space-charge force is further increased. The new two particle model indicates a similar behavior. In weak space-charge regions, additional tune shifts by the space-charge force dissolve the mode coupling. As the space-charge force is increased, they conversely restore the mode coupling, but then a further increase of the space-charge force decouples the modes again. Lastly, this mode coupling/decoupling behavior creates the stopband structures.« less

Evidence for B{sup 0}{yields}{rho}{sup 0}{rho}{sup 0} Decays and Implications for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Angle {alpha}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Boutigny, D.

2007-03-16

We search for the decays B{sup 0}{yields}{rho}{sup 0}{rho}{sup 0}, B{sup 0}{yields}{rho}{sup 0}f{sub 0}(980), and B{sup 0}{yields}f{sub 0}(980)f{sub 0}(980) in a sample of about 384x10{sup 6} {upsilon}(4S){yields}BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. We find evidence for B{sup 0}{yields}{rho}{sup 0}{rho}{sup 0} with 3.5{sigma} significance and measure the branching fraction B=(1.07{+-}0.33{+-}0.19)x10{sup -6} and longitudinal polarization fraction f{sub L}=0.87{+-}0.13{+-}0.04, where the first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. The uncertainty on the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix unitarity angle {alpha} due to penguin contributions in B{yields}{rho}{rho} decays is 18 deg.more » at the 1{sigma} level. We also set upper limits on the B{sup 0}{yields}{rho}{sup 0}f{sub 0}(980) and B{sup 0}{yields}f{sub 0}(980)f{sub 0}(980) decay rates.« less

Degradation of MTBE and TBA by a new isolate from MTBE-contaminated soil.

PubMed

Zhang, Rui-Ling; Huang, Guo-Qiang; Lian, Jing-Yan; Li, Xin-Gang

2007-01-01

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), a gasoline additive, possesses serious problems to the environmental health. In the present study, a bacterial culture named A-3 which could effectively degrade MTBE was isolated from the MTBE contaminated soil. The isolate was identified as Chryseobacterium sp., a new species capable of degrading MTBE. In order to enhance its degradation ability, selected environment factors were investigated. The results showed that the optimal temperature was in the range of 25-30 degrees C, the pH was 7.0, the inoculum size was 2 x 10(8) CFU/ml and the optimal concentration of MTBE was from 50 to 100 mg/L. The maximum MTBE utilization rate (upsilon(max)) was 102 nmol MTBE/(mg cell protein x h). Furthermore, it was found that the isolate could also degrade tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). The degradation rates of TBA were much faster than those of MTBE. The additional TBA would lead to the decrease of the initial MTBE degradation rate and the inhibitory effect of TBA increased with the increase of TBA concentration. Similar protein profiles at least seven peptides were demonstrated after SDS-PAGE analysis of crude extracts obtained from the cells growing in MTBE and TBA culture.

Pro-inflammatory effects of a litchi protein extract in murine RAW264.7 macrophages

PubMed Central

Wang, Xiaoli; Hu, Xiaorong; Yan, Huiqing; Ma, Zhaocheng; Deng, Xiuxin

2016-01-01

It has been observed that the consumption of litchi often causes symptoms characterized by itching or sore throat, gum swelling, oral cavity ulcers and even fever and inflammation, which significantly impair the quality of life of a large population. Using the RAW264.7 cell line, a step-by-step strategy was used to screen for the components in litchi fruits that elicited adverse reactions. The adverse reaction fractions were identified by mass spectrometry and analyzed using the SMART program, and a sequence alignment of the homologous proteins was performed. MTT tests were used to determine the cytotoxicity of a litchi protein extract in RAW264.7 macrophages, and real-time PCR was applied to analyze the expression of inflammatory genes in the RAW264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide or the litchi protein extract. The results showed that the litchi water-soluble protein extract could increase the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2, and the anti-inflammatory mediator HO-1 in the RAW264.7 cell line. The 14-3-3-like proteins GF14 lambda, GF14 omega and GF14 upsilon were likely the candidate proteins that caused the adverse effects. PMID:27195125

Multi-dimensional Upwind Fluctuation Splitting Scheme with Mesh Adaption for Hypersonic Viscous Flow. Degree awarded by Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., 9 Nov. 2001

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, William A., III

2002-01-01

A multi-dimensional upwind fluctuation splitting scheme is developed and implemented for two-dimensional and axisymmetric formulations of the Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured meshes. Key features of the scheme are the compact stencil, full upwinding, and non-linear discretization which allow for second-order accuracy with enforced positivity. Throughout, the fluctuation splitting scheme is compared to a current state-of-the-art finite volume approach, a second-order, dual mesh upwind flux difference splitting scheme (DMFDSFV), and is shown to produce more accurate results using fewer computer resources for a wide range of test cases. A Blasius flat plate viscous validation case reveals a more accurate upsilon-velocity profile for fluctuation splitting, and the reduced artificial dissipation production is shown relative to DMFDSFV. Remarkably, the fluctuation splitting scheme shows grid converged skin friction coefficients with only five points in the boundary layer for this case. The second half of the report develops a local, compact, anisotropic unstructured mesh adaptation scheme in conjunction with the multi-dimensional upwind solver, exhibiting a characteristic alignment behavior for scalar problems. The adaptation strategy is extended to the two-dimensional and axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations of motion through the concept of fluctuation minimization.

Measurement of branching fractions and CP-violating charge asymmetries for B-meson decays to D{sup (*)}D{sup (*)}, and implications for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle {gamma}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Bona, M.

2006-06-01

We present measurements of the branching fractions and charge asymmetries of B decays to all D{sup (*)}D{sup (*)} modes. Using 232x10{sup 6} BB pairs recorded on the {upsilon}(4S) resonance by the BABAR detector at the e{sup +}e{sup -} asymmetric B factory PEP-II at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, we measure the branching fractions B(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup -})=(8.1{+-}0.6{+-}1.0)x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup {+-}}D{sup {+-}})=(5.7{+-}0.7{+-}0.7)x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup 0}{yields}D{sup +}D{sup -})=(2.8{+-}0.4{+-}0.5)x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup +}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup 0})=(8.1{+-}1.2{+-}1.2)x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup +}{yields}D*{sup +}D{sup 0})=(3.6{+-}0.5{+-}0.4)x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup +}{yields}D{sup +}D*{sup 0})=(6.3{+-}1.4{+-}1.0)x10{sup -4}, and B(B{sup +}{yields}D{sup +}D{sup 0})=(3.8{+-}0.6{+-}0.5)x10{sup -4}, where in each case the first uncertainty is statistical and themore » second systematic. We also determine the limits B(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup 0}D*{sup 0})<0.9x10{sup -4}, B(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup 0}D{sup 0})<2.9x10{sup -4}, and B(B{sup 0}{yields}D{sup 0}D{sup 0})<0.6x10{sup -4}, each at 90% confidence level. All decays above denote either member of a charge-conjugate pair. We also determine the CP-violating charge asymmetries A(B{sup 0}{yields}D*{sup {+-}}D{sup {+-}})=0.03{+-}0.10{+-}0.02, A(B{sup +}{yields}D*{sup +}D*{sup 0})=-0.15{+-}0.11{+-}0.02, A(B{sup +}{yields}D*{sup +}D{sup 0})=-0.06{+-}0.13{+-}0.02, A(B{sup +}{yields}D{sup +}D*{sup 0})=0.13{+-}0.18{+-}0.04, and A(B{sup +}{yields}D{sup +}D{sup 0})=-0.13{+-}0.14{+-}0.02. Additionally, when we combine these results with information from time-dependent CP asymmetries in B{sup 0}{yields}D{sup (*)+}D{sup (*)-} decays and world-averaged branching fractions of B decays to D{sub s}{sup (*}}D{sup (*)} modes, we find the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa phase {gamma} is favored to lie in the range (0.07-2.77) radians (with a +0 or +{pi} radians ambiguity) at 68% confidence level.« less

Flavor gauge models below the Fermi scale

DOE PAGES

Babu, K. S.; Friedland, A.; Machado, P. A. N.; ...

2017-12-18

The mass and weak interaction eigenstates for the quarks of the third generation are very well aligned, an empirical fact for which the Standard Model offers no explanation. We explore the possibility that this alignment is due to an additional gauge symmetry in the third generation. Specifically, we construct and analyze an explicit, renormalizable model with a gauge boson,more » $X$, corresponding to the $B-L$ symmetry of the third family. Having a relatively light (in the MeV to multi-GeV range), flavor-nonuniversal gauge boson results in a variety of constraints from different sources. By systematically analyzing 20 different constraints, we identify the most sensitive probes: kaon, $B^+$, $D^+$ and Upsilon decays, $$D-\\bar{D}^0$$ mixing, atomic parity violation, and neutrino scattering and oscillations. For the new gauge coupling $$g_X$$ in the range $$(10^{-2} - 10^{-4})$$ the model is shown to be consistent with the data. Possible ways of testing the model in $b$ physics, top and $Z$ decays, direct collider production and neutrino oscillation experiments, where one can observe nonstandard matter effects, are outlined. The choice of leptons to carry the new force is ambiguous, resulting in additional phenomenological implications, such as non-universality in semileptonic bottom decays. In conclusion, the proposed framework provides interesting connections between neutrino oscillations, flavor and collider physics.« less

Particles and forces. At the heart of matter. Readings from Scientific American magazine.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carrigan, R. A., Jr.; Trower, W. P.

In this volume a selection of Scientific American articles chronicles the most recent developments in particle physics. In these twelve articles, distinguished physicists look at the tools, ideas, and experiments that shed light on events at the early moments of the universe, as well as the increasingly sophisticated instruments that will make further developments possible in the years to come. For the companion volume Particle physics in the cosmos see 49.003.059. Contents: Introduction. I. Ideas. 1. Elementary particles and forces (C. Quigg). 2. Quarks with color and flavor (S. L. Glashow). 3. The lattice theory of quark confinement (C. Rebbi). Postscript to Ideas (C. Quigg). II. Tools. 4. The next generation of particle accelerators (R. R. Wilson). 5. The Superconducting Super Collider (J. D. Jackson, M. Tigner, S. Wojcicki). Postscript to Tools (R. A. Carrigan Jr.). III. Weak interactions. 6. Heavy leptons (M. L. Perl, W. T. Kirk). 7. The search for intermediate vector bosons (D. B. Cline, C. Rubbia, S. van der Meer). IV. Strong interactions. 8. The Upsilon particle (L. M. Lederman). 9. Quarkonium (E. D. Bloom, G. J. Feldman). 10. Particles with naked beauty (N. B. Mistry, R. A. Poling, E. H. Thorndike). V. Now and beyond. 11. Superstrings (M. B. Green). 12. The structure of quarks and leptons (H. Harari). Postscript to Now and beyond (R. A. Carrigan Jr., W. P. Trower).

Flavor gauge models below the Fermi scale

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Babu, K. S.; Friedland, A.; Machado, P. A. N.

The mass and weak interaction eigenstates for the quarks of the third generation are very well aligned, an empirical fact for which the Standard Model offers no explanation. We explore the possibility that this alignment is due to an additional gauge symmetry in the third generation. Specifically, we construct and analyze an explicit, renormalizable model with a gauge boson,more » $X$, corresponding to the $B-L$ symmetry of the third family. Having a relatively light (in the MeV to multi-GeV range), flavor-nonuniversal gauge boson results in a variety of constraints from different sources. By systematically analyzing 20 different constraints, we identify the most sensitive probes: kaon, $B^+$, $D^+$ and Upsilon decays, $$D-\\bar{D}^0$$ mixing, atomic parity violation, and neutrino scattering and oscillations. For the new gauge coupling $$g_X$$ in the range $$(10^{-2} - 10^{-4})$$ the model is shown to be consistent with the data. Possible ways of testing the model in $b$ physics, top and $Z$ decays, direct collider production and neutrino oscillation experiments, where one can observe nonstandard matter effects, are outlined. The choice of leptons to carry the new force is ambiguous, resulting in additional phenomenological implications, such as non-universality in semileptonic bottom decays. In conclusion, the proposed framework provides interesting connections between neutrino oscillations, flavor and collider physics.« less

Search for production of an $$\\Upsilon$$(1S) meson in association with a W or Z boson using the full 1.96 TeV $$p\\bar{p}$$ collision data set at CDF

DOE PAGES

Aaltonen, T.

2015-03-17

Production of the Υ(1S) meson in association with a vector boson is a rare process in the standard model with a cross section predicted to be below the sensitivity of the Tevatron. Observation of this process could signify contributions not described by the standard model or reveal limitations with the current nonrelativistic quantum-chromodynamic models used to calculate the cross section. We perform a search for this process using the full Run II data set collected by the CDF II detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.4 fb -1. Our search considers the Υ→μμ decay and the decay of themore » W and Z bosons into muons and electrons. Furthermore, in these purely leptonic decay channels, we observe one ΥW candidate with an expected background of 1.2±0.5 events, and one ΥZcandidate with an expected background of 0.1±0.1 events. Both observations are consistent with the predicted background contributions. The resulting upper limits on the cross section for Υ+W/Zproduction are the most sensitive reported from a single experiment and place restrictions on potential contributions from non-standard-model physics.« less

Determination of electric dipole transitions in heavy quarkonia using potential non-relativistic QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Segovia, Jorge; Steinbeißer, Sebastian

2018-05-01

The electric dipole transitions {χ }bJ(1P)\\to γ \\Upsilon (1S) with J = 0, 1, 2 and {h}b(1P)\\to γ {η }b(1S) are computed using the weak-coupling version of a low-energy effective field theory named potential non-relativistic QCD (pNRQCD). In order to improve convergence and thus give firm predictions for the studied reactions, the full static potential is incorporated into the leading order Hamiltonian; moreover, we must handle properly renormalon effects and re-summation of large logarithms. The precision we reach is {k}γ 3/{(mv)}2× O({v}2), where kγ is the photon energy, m is the mass of the heavy quark and v its velocity. Our analysis separates those relativistic contributions that account for the electromagnetic interaction terms in the pNRQCD Lagrangian which are v 2 suppressed and those that account for wave function corrections of relative order v 2. Among the last ones, corrections from 1/m and 1/m2 potentials are computed, but not those coming from higher Fock states since they demand non-perturbative input and are {{{Λ }}}{{QCD}}2/{(mv)}2 or {{{Λ }}}{{QCD}}3/({m}3{v}4) suppressed, at least, in the strict weak coupling regime. These proceedings are based on the forthcoming publication [1].

A generalized semikinetic (GSK) model for mesoscale auroral plasma transport

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brown, David Gillespie

1993-12-01

The auroral region of the Earth's ionosphere-magnetosphere system is a complex and active part of the Earth's environment. In order to study the transport of ionospheric plasma in this region, we have developed a generalized semikinetic (GSK) model which combines the tracking of ionospheric ion gyrocenters (between stochastic impulses from waves), with a generalized fluid treatment of ionospheric electrons and Liouville mapping of magnetospheric plasma components. This model has been used to simulate the effects of 'self-consistent' heating ('self consistent' in the sense that heating occurs only where the modelled plasma is unstable) due to the current-driven ion cyclotron instability in the return current regions. Our results include generation of 'conics' whose wings are drawn in towards the upsilon(parallel)-axis at higher energies (such distributions were subsequently found in recent studies of DE-1 data for this region) and an alternative formation mechanism for toroidal (or 'ring'-shaped) ion velocity-space distributions. We also present results illustrating the effects of combining large scale electric fields (generated by anisotropic magnetospheric plasma distributions) with wave heating by a presumed distribution of wave spectra. In the presence of an upwards electric field the addition of wave heating increases the density of the O(sup +) 'beam' ('ion feeder' effect), while a downwards hot plasma-induced electric field increases the time which ions spend within the heating region ('pressure cooker' effect), resulting in greater ion energization.

A new detector at RHIC, sPHENIX goals and status

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reed, Rosi; sPHENIX Collaboration

2017-01-01

The study of heavy-ion collisions, which can create a new form matter, a nearly ideal strongly interacting fluid where quarks and gluons are no longer confined into nucleons, called Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), is on the frontier of QCD studies. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL) has had a long and successful program of QGP study since 2000, with many upgrades that have increased the delivered luminosity considerably in the last decade. The sPHENIX proposal is for a second generation experiment at RHIC, which will take advantage of the increased luminosity, and allow measurements of jets, jet correlations and Upsilons (ϒs), with a kinematic reach that will overlap with measurements made at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Complementary measurements at RHIC and at the LHC probe the QGP at different temperatures and densities, which are necessary to determine the temperature dependence of transport coefficients of the QGP. The sPHENIX detector will have large acceptance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, as well as precision tracking, and high rate capability which are necessary for precision jet and ϒ observables. The experiment will enable a program of systematic measurements at RHIC, with a detector capable of acquiring a large sample of events in p+p, p+A, and A+A collisions. This proceedings outlines the key measurements enabled by the new detector, and status of the project itself.

Ornithorhynchus anatinus (platypus) links the evolution of immunoglobulin genes in eutherian mammals and nonmammalian tetrapods.

PubMed

Zhao, Yaofeng; Cui, Huiting; Whittington, Camilla M; Wei, Zhiguo; Zhang, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Ziding; Yu, Li; Ren, Liming; Hu, Xiaoxiang; Zhang, Yaping; Hellman, Lars; Belov, Katherine; Li, Ning; Hammarström, Lennart

2009-09-01

The evolutionary origins of mammalian immunoglobulin H chain isotypes (IgM, IgD, IgG, IgE, and IgA) are still incompletely understood as these isotypes differ considerably in structure and number from their counterparts in nonmammalian tetrapods. We report in this study that the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) Ig H chain constant region gene locus contains eight Ig encoding genes, which are arranged in an mu-delta-omicron-gamma2-gamma1-alpha1-epsilon-alpha2 order, spanning a total of approximately 200 kb DNA, encoding six distinct isotypes. The omicron (omicron for Ornithorhynchus) gene encodes a novel Ig H chain isotype that consists of four constant region domains and a hinge, and is structurally different from any of the five known mammalian Ig classes. This gene is phylogenetically related to upsilon (epsilon) and gamma, and thus appears to be a structural intermediate between these two genes. The platypus delta gene encodes ten heavy chain constant region domains, lacks a hinge region and is similar to IgD in amphibians and fish, but strikingly different from that in eutherian mammals. The platypus Ig H chain isotype repertoire thus shows a unique combination of genes that share similarity both to those of nonmammalian tetrapods and eutherian animals and demonstrates how phylogenetically informative species can be used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of functionally important genes.

Planetary system formation: Effects of planet-disk tidal interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bryden, Geoffrey

The standard theory of planet formation begins with the coagulation of solid planetesimals (Safronov 1969, Wetherill & Stewart 1989) followed by the accretion of disk gas once the solid core reaches a critical mass >~10M⊕ (Perri & Cameron 1974, Mizuno 1980, Bodenheimer & Pollack 1986). The classic picture of planet formation, in which each planet's position in the nebula remain fixed, is challenged by the observed distribution of extra-solar planets (e.g. Mayor & Queloz 1995, Butler et al. 1999). The majority of these planets are on short-period orbits ( P<~10 days) very close to their central stars ( ap<~0.1 AU), suggesting that orbital migration plays an important role in the formation of planetary systems. The intent of this thesis is to explore the inclusion of protoplanetary tidal forces into the classical theory of planetary system formation. Protoplanetary interaction with the surrounding gaseous nebulae directly determines giant planets' semi-major axes, masses, gas/solid ratio, and relative spacing. In essence, the process of gap formation determines the primary observational characteristics of both individual planets and their composite systems. Detailed simulations of gap formation produce a range of planetary masses consistent with the observed distribution. Fully self-interacting models of planetary system formation can be used to create a wide variety of planetary systems, ranging from the solar system to Upsilon Andromeda (Butler et al. 1999).

Radio Sources Toward Galaxy Clusters at 30 GHz

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Coble, K.; Bonamente, M.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Dawson, K.; Hasler, N.; Holzapfel, W.; Joy, M.; LaRoque, S.; Marrone, D. P.; Reese, E. D.

2007-01-01

Extra-galactic radio sources are a significant contaminant in cosmic microwave background and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect experiments. Deep interferometric observations with the BIMA and OVRO arrays are used to characterize the spatial, spectral, and flux distributions of radio sources toward massive galaxy clusters at 28.5 GHz. We compute counts of mJy source fluxes from 89 fields centered on known massive galaxy clusters and 8 non-cluster fields. We find that source counts in the inner regions of the cluster fields (within 0.5 arcmin of the cluster center) are a factor of 8.9 (+4.2 to -3.8) times higher than counts in the outer regions of the cluster fields (radius greater than 0.5 arcmin). Counts in the outer regions of the cluster fields are in turn a factor of 3.3 (+4.1 -1.8) greater than those in the noncluster fields. Counts in the non-cluster fields are consistent with extrapolations from the results of other surveys. We compute spectral indices of mJy sources in cluster fields between 1.4 and 28.5 GHz and find a mean spectral index of al[ja = 0.66 with an rms dispersion of 0.36, where flux S varies as upsilon(sup -alpha). The distribution is skewed, with a median spectral index of 0.72 and 25th and 75th percentiles of 0.51 and 0.92, respectively. This is steeper than the spectral indices of stronger field sources measured by other surveys.

[Oxytocin, the hormone that everyone uses and that few know].

PubMed

López-Ramírez, Cinthia Elizabeth; Arámbula-Almanza, Jaqueline; Camarena-Pulido, Eva Elizabet

2014-07-01

BACKGROUND. Oxytocin is a well known drug most commonly used in obstetrics for induction or augmentation of labor. Due to its essential role in labor, and the overall effect in the body, oxytocin must be deeply understood by all obstetricians who use it and prescribe it. There is relevant data listed about oxytocin and has reviewed the evidence in 31 full text articles of indexed journals between 1999 and 2013. In search engines like MEDLINE, MedicLatina, PUBMED, Wolters Kluwer Healt, with keywords like: oxytocin, oxytocin receptor, oxytocin vasopressin, oxytocin postpartum, oxytocin review, oxytocin labor, oxytocin release. The best evidence from the literature based on the methodology they used is included. The word oxytocin comes from the Greek words omega Chi upsilon xi, tau omicron Chi omicron chi xi, which means "swift birth". It is synthesized in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypotalamus is mainly released from the neurohypophysis and nerve terminals. It travels from the brain to the heart and the whole body, activating or modulating a wide range of functions and emotions. Mainly cause myometrial contractions and myoepithelial cells of the breast for milk ejection. Its adverse effects are dose-related. No one knows exactly the minumum and maximum dose of oxytocin. More research is needed about central and peripheral receptors, coupled with the use to which they currently gives to agonists and antagonists of oxytocin and its receptor. As of 2013, the documented adverse effects to date have been undervalued.

The search for radio emission from exoplanets using LOFAR low-frequency beam-formed observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turner, Jake D.; Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias; Zarka, Philippe

2018-01-01

Detection of radio emission from exoplanets can provide information on the star-planet system that is very difficult or impossible to study otherwise, such as the planet’s magnetic field, magnetosphere, rotation period, orbit inclination, and star-planet interactions. Such a detection in the radio domain would open up a whole new field in the study of exoplanets, however, currently there are no confirmed detections of an exoplanet at radio frequencies. In this study, we discuss our ongoing observational campaign searching for exoplanetary radio emissions using beam-formed observations within the Low Band of the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). To date we have observed three exoplanets: 55 Cnc, Upsilon Andromedae, and Tau Boötis. These planets were selected according to theoretical predictions, which indicated them as among the best candidates for an observation. During the observations we usually recorded three beams simultaneously, one on the exoplanet and two on patches of nearby “empty” sky. An automatic pipeline was created to automatically find RFI, calibrate the data due to instrumental effects, and to search for emission in the exoplanet beam. Additionally, we observed Jupiter with LOFAR with the same exact observational setup as the exoplanet observations. The main goals of the Jupiter observations are to train the detection algorithm and to calculate upper limits in the case of a non-detection. Data analysis is currently ongoing. Conclusions reached at the time of the meeting, about detection of or upper limit to the planetary signal, will be presented.

LOFAR Searches for Radio Exoplanets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turner, Jake; Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias; Zarka, Philippe; Vasylieva, Iaroslavna

2018-06-01

Detection of radio emission from exoplanets can provide information on the star-planet system that is very difficult or impossible to study otherwise, such as the planet’s magnetic field, magnetosphere, rotation period, orbit inclination, and star-planet interactions. Such a detection in the radio domain would open up a whole new field in the study of exoplanets, however, currently there are no confirmed detections of an exoplanet at radio frequencies. In this study, we discuss our ongoing observational campaign searching for exoplanetary radio emissions using beam-formed observations within the Low Band of the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). To date we have observed three exoplanets: 55 Cnc, Upsilon Andromedae, and Tau Boötis. These planets were selected according to theoretical predictions, which indicated them as among the best candidates for an observation. During the observations we usually recorded three beams simultaneously, one on the exoplanet and two on patches of nearby “empty” sky. An automatic pipeline was created to automatically find RFI, calibrate the data due to instrumental effects, and to search for emission in the exoplanet beam. Additionally, we observed Jupiter with LOFAR with the same exact observational setup as the exoplanet observations. The main goals of the Jupiter observations are to train the detection algorithm and to calculate upper limits in the case of a non-detection. Data analysis is currently ongoing. Conclusions reached at the time of the meeting, about detection of or upper limit to the planetary signal, will be presented.

PROPOSAL FOR A SILICON VERTEX TRACKER (VTX) FOR THE PHENIX EXPERIMENT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

AKIBA,Y.

2004-10-01

We propose the construction of a Silicon Vertex Tracker (VTX) for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The VTX will substantially enhance the physics capabilities of the PHENIX central arm spectrometers. Our prime motivation is to provide precision measurements of heavy-quark production (charm and beauty) in A+A, p(d)+A, and polarized p+p collisions. These are key measurements for the future RHIC program, both for the heavy ion program as it moves from the discovery phase towards detailed investigation of the properties of the dense nuclear medium created in heavy ion collisions, and for the exploration of the nucleon spin-structure functions. In addition,more » the VTX will also considerably improve other measurements with PHENIX. The main physics topics addressed by the VTX are: (1) Hot and dense strongly interacting matter--(a) Potential enhancement of charm production, (b) Open beauty production, (c) Flavor dependence of jet quenching and QCD energy loss, (d) Accurate charm reference for quarkonium, (e) Thermal dilepton radiation, (f) High p{sub T} phenomena with light flavors above 10-15 GeV/c in p{sub T}, and (g) Upsilon spectroscopy in the e{sup +}e{sup -} decay channel. (2) Gluon spin structure of the nucleon--(a) {Delta}G/G with charm, (b) {Delta}G/G with beauty, and (c) x dependence of {Delta}G/G with {gamma}-jet correlations. (3) Nucleon structure in nuclei--Gluon shadowing over broad x-range.« less

Current-Tunable NbTiN Coplanar Photonic Bandgap Resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asfaw, A.; Sigillito, A. J.; Tyryshkin, A. M.; Lyon, S. A.

Coplanar waveguide resonators have been used in several experimental settings, from superconducting qubits to electron spin resonance. In our particular application of electron spin resonance, these resonators provide increased sensitivity to electron spins due to the small mode volume. Experiments have shown that these resonators can be used to readout as few as 300 spins per shot. Recently, photonic bandgap resonators have been shown to extend the advantages of traditional CPW resonators by allowing spin manipulation both at microwave and radio frequencies, thereby enabling both electron and nuclear spin resonance within the same resonator. We present measurements made using photonic bandgap resonators fabricated with thin NbTiN films which demonstrate microwave tunability of the resonator by modulating the kinetic inductance of the superconductor. Driving a small direct current through the center pin of the resonator allows us to tune the resonant frequency by over 30 MHz around 6.4 GHz while maintaining a quality factor over 8000 at 4.8K. This provides fast and simple tunability of coplanar waveguide resonators and opens new possibilities for multiple frequency electron spin resonance experiments.

Secular resonances. [of asteroidal dynamics

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scholl, H.; Froeschle, CH.; Kinoshita, H.; Yoshikawa, M.; Williams, J. G.

1989-01-01

Theories and numerical experiments regarding secular resonances are reviewed. The basic dynamics and the positions of secular resonances are discussed, and secular perturbation theories for the nu16 resonance case, the nu6 resonance, and the nu5 resonance are addressed. What numerical experiments have revealed about asteroids located in secular resonances, the stability of secular resonances, variations of eccentricities and inclinations, and chaotic orbits is considered. Resonant transport of meteorites is discussed.

Attenuation of spurious responses in electromechanical filters

DOEpatents

Olsson, Roy H.; Hietala, Vincent M.

2018-04-10

A spur cancelling, electromechanical filter includes a first resonator having a first resonant frequency and one or more first spurious responses, and it also includes, electrically connected to the first resonator, a second resonator having a second resonant frequency and one or more second spurious responses. The first and second resonant frequencies are approximately identical, but the first resonator is physically non-identical to the second resonator. The difference between the resonators makes the respective spurious responses different. This allows for filters constructed from a cascade of these resonators to exhibit reduced spurious responses.

Efficient near-field wireless energy transfer using adiabatic system variations

DOEpatents

Hamam, Rafif E.; Karalis, Aristeidis; Joannopoulos, John D.; Soljacic, Marin

2013-01-29

Disclosed is a method for transferring energy wirelessly including transferring energy wirelessly from a first resonator structure to an intermediate resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the first resonator structure and the intermediate resonator structure is .kappa..sub.1B, transferring energy wirelessly from the intermediate resonator structure to a second resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the intermediate resonator structure and the second resonator structure is .kappa..sub.B2, and during the wireless energy transfers, adjusting at least one of the coupling rates .kappa..sub.1B and .kappa..sub.B2 to reduce energy accumulation in the intermediate resonator structure and improve wireless energy transfer from the first resonator structure to the second resonator structure through the intermediate resonator structure.

Efficient near-field wireless energy transfer using adiabatic system variations

DOEpatents

Hamam, Rafif E; Karalis, Aristeidis; Joannopoulos, John D; Soljacic, Marin

2014-09-16

Disclosed is a method for transferring energy wirelessly including transferring energy wirelessly from a first resonator structure to an intermediate resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the first resonator structure and the intermediate resonator structure is .kappa..sub.1B, transferring energy wirelessly from the intermediate resonator structure to a second resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the intermediate resonator structure and the second resonator structure is .kappa..sub.B2, and during the wireless energy transfers, adjusting at least one of the coupling rates .kappa..sub.1B and .kappa..sub.B2 to reduce energy accumulation in the intermediate resonator structure and improve wireless energy transfer from the first resonator structure to the second resonator structure through the intermediate resonator structure.

Efficient near-field wireless energy transfer using adiabatic system variations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hamam, Rafif E.; Karalis, Aristeidis; Joannopoulos, John D.

Disclosed is a method for transferring energy wirelessly including transferring energy wirelessly from a first resonator structure to an intermediate resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the first resonator structure and the intermediate resonator structure is .kappa..sub.1B, transferring energy wirelessly from the intermediate resonator structure to a second resonator structure, wherein the coupling rate between the intermediate resonator structure and the second resonator structure is .kappa..sub.B2, and during the wireless energy transfers, adjusting at least one of the coupling rates .kappa..sub.1B and .kappa..sub.B2 to reduce energy accumulation in the intermediate resonator structure and improve wireless energy transfer from themore » first resonator structure to the second resonator structure through the intermediate resonator structure.« less

High statistics study of in-medium S- and P-wave quarkonium states in lattice Non-relativistic QCD

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, S.; Petreczky, P.; Rothkopf, A.

2017-11-01

Many measurements of quarkonium suppression at the LHC, e.g. the nuclear modification factor RAA of J / Ψ, are well described by a multitude of different models. Thus pinpointing the underlying physics aspects is difficult and guidance based on first principles is needed. Here we present the current status of our ongoing high precision study of in-medium spectral properties of both bottomonium and charmonium based on NRQCD on the lattice. This effective field theory allows us to capture the physics of quarkonium without modeling assumptions in a thermal QCD medium. In our study a first principles and realistic description of the QCD medium is provided by state-of-the-art lattices of the HotQCD collaboration at almost physical pion mass. Our updated results corroborate a picture of sequential modification of states with respect to their vacuum binding energy. Using a novel low-gain variant of the Bayesian BR method for reconstructing spectral functions we find that remnant features of the Upsilon may survive up to T ∼ 400MeV, while the χb signal disappears around T ∼ 270MeV. The c c ‾ analysis hints at melting of χc below T ∼ 190MeV while some J / Ψ remnant feature might survive up to T ∼ 245MeV. An improved understanding of the numerical artifacts in the Bayesian approach and the availability of increased statistics have made possible a first quantitative study of the in-medium ground state masses, which tend to lower values as T increases, consistent with lattice potential based studies.

The historical Latin and etymology of selected anatomical terms of the larynx.

PubMed

Lydiatt, Daniel D; Bucher, Gregory S

2010-03-01

The etymological evolution of the anatomical terms larynx, cricoid, glottis, epiglottis, and thyroid (cartilage) dates to antiquity. Human dissection replaced animal in the 16th and 17th centuries and terms evolved. This evolution was recorded in the literature largely in Latin. We translated key studies of laryngeal anatomy from the 16th century to better understand this evolution. We present the Latin with our translations, and historical commentary as essential to this understanding. Vesalius favored the Latin scutiform (shield) for the thyroid cartilage, but recognized peltalis (shield). The Basle Nomina Anatomica (BNA) chose the Greek thyroid (theta upsilon rho epsilon omicron epsilon iota delta eta) for modern convention. Vesalius used the name "innominate" for the cricoid cartilage, but described its resemblance to a ring, drawn in the margin of the Fabrica. Krikoid, the Greek for ring shaped, was adopted by the BNA. Although the term arytenoid was used for centuries, Vesalius argued the Greek name referred to the spout of a cup or ladle. He recognized the human arytenoids as two separate cartilages as opposed to single in certain animals. The glottis was defined by Vesalius as the vocal fold or rima glottidis of today, and he advanced its function by understanding the paired, mobile arytenoid cartilages. He defined the function of the epiglottis and first described the pre-epiglottic space. Vesalius' student at Padua, Italy, Columbo contributed to anatomical knowledge, but animosity between them clouded the record. Harvey, working 75 years later in England, offers an evolutionary window from Vesalius. Harvey's laryngeal studies preceded by a decade his groundbreaking studies on the circulation of blood.

Beam-Beam Interaction Simulations with Guinea Pig (LCC-0125)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sramek, C

2003-11-20

At the interaction point of a particle accelerator, various phenomena occur which are known as beam-beam effects. Incident bunches of electrons (or positrons) experience strong electromagnetic fields from the opposing bunches, which leads to electron deflection, beamstrahlung and the creation of electron/positron pairs and hadrons due to two-photon exchange. In addition, the beams experience a ''pinch effect'' which focuses each beam and results in either a reduction or expansion of their vertical size. Finally, if a beam's disruption parameter is too large, the beam can develop a sinusoidal distortion, or two-stream (kink) instability. This project simulated and studied these effectsmore » as they relate to luminosity, deflection angles and energy loss in order to optimize beam parameters for the Next Linear Collider (NLC). Using the simulation program Guinea Pig, luminosity, deflection angle and beam energy data was acquired for different levels of beam offset and distortion. Standard deflection curves and luminosity plots agreed with theoretical models but also made clear the difficulties of e-e- feedback. Simulations emphasizing kink instability in modulated and straight beam collisions followed qualitative behavioral predictions and roughly fit recent analytic calculations. A study of e-e- collisions under design constraints for the NLC provided new estimates of how luminosity, beamstrahlung energy loss, upsilon parameter and deflection curve width scale with beam cross-sections ({sigma}{sub x}, {sigma}{sub y}, {sigma}{sub z}) and number of particles per bunch (N). Finally, this same study revealed luminosity maxima at large N and small {sigma}{sub y} which may merit further investigation.« less

Biological damage of UV radiation in environments of F-type stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sato, Satoko

I investigate the general astrobiological significance of F-type main-sequence stars with special consideration to stellar evolutionary aspects due to nuclear evolution. DNA is taken as a proxy for carbon-based macromolecules following the assumption that exobiology is most likely based on hydrocarbons. The DNA action spectrum is utilized to represent the relative damage of the stellar UV radiation. Planetary atmospheric attenuation is taken into account in the form of parameterized attenuation functions. My work is motivated by previous studies indicating that the UV environment of solar-like stars is one of the most critical elements in determining the habitability of exoplanets and exomoons. It contributes further to the exploration of the exobiological suitability of stars that are hotter and emit much higher photospheric UV fluxes than the Sun. I found that the damage inflicted on DNA for planets at Earth-equivalent positions is between 2.5 and 7.1 times higher than for solar-like stars, and there are intricate relations for the time-dependence of damage during stellar main-sequence evolution. If atmospheric attenuation is included, however, less damage is obtained in alignment to the attenuation parameters. Also, the outer part of late F-type stars have similar UV conditions to Earth. Therefore, F-type circumstellar environments should not be excluded from candidates for habitable places on the grounds of higher stellar UV emission than the Sun. Besides the extensive theoretical component of this study, emphasis is furthermore placed on applications to observed planetary systems including CoRoT-3, WASP-14, HD 197286, HD 179949, upsilon And, and HD 86264.

Recent Developments in Quantum-Well Infrared Photodetectors

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gunapala, S. D.; Bandara, K. M. S. V.

1995-01-01

Intrinsic infrared (IR) detectors in the long wavelength range (8-20 Am) are based on an optically excited interband transition, which promotes an electron across the band gap (E(sub g)) from the valence band to the conduction band as shown. These photoelectrons can be collected efficiently, thereby producing a photocurrent in the external circuit. Since the incoming photon has to promote an electron from the valence band to the conduction band, the energy of the photon (h(sub upsilon)) must be higher than the E(sub g) of the photosensitive material. Therefore, the spectral response of the detectors can be controlled by controlling the E(sub g) of the photosensitive material. Examples for such materials are Hg(1-x), Cd(x), Te, and Pb(1-x), Sn(x), Te, in which the energy gap can be controlled by varying x. This means detection of very-long-wavelength IR radiation up to 20 microns requires small band gaps down to 62 meV. It is well known that these low band gap materials, characterized by weak bonding and low melting points, are more difficult to grow and process than large-band gap semiconductors such as GaAs. These difficulties motivate the exploration of utilizing the intersub-band transitions in multiquantum well (MQW) structures made of more refractory large-band gap semiconductors. The idea of using MQW structures to detect IR radiation can be explained by using the basic principles of quantum mechanics. The quantum well is equivalent to the well-known particle in a box problem in quantum mechanics, which can be solved by the time independent Schroudiner equation.

Relationship between supersaturation ratio and supply rate of solute in the growth process of monodisperse colloidal particles and application to AgBr systems.

PubMed

Shiba, Fumiyuki; Okawa, Yusuke

2005-11-24

Supersaturation ratio, S, has been theoretically related to the supply rate of solute, Q, from growth rate and mass-balance equations in the quasi-steady state in the growth process of isotropic monodisperse particles. The derived equation, (S - 1) = (1/D + 1/kr)(Q/betaC(0)nr) + 2V(m)gamma/rRT, suggests a linear dependence of S on Q under constant n and r, where D is the diffusion coefficient, k is the rate constant for surface-reaction, C(0) is the solubility, n and r are the number and radius of growing particles, respectively, V(m) is the molar volume of particles, R is the gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and beta is the shape factor defined by beta identical with (1/r(2)) dupsilon/dr, where upsilon is the volume of an individual particle. The equation was applied to the analysis of growth kinetics and determinations of critical supersaturation ratio in monodisperse AgBr particles in the controlled double-jet system with the assistance of a potentiometric supersaturation measurement. In both cubic and octahedral particles, growth rates were completely limited by diffusion and surface-reaction at pBr ( identical with -log[Br(-)]) 3.0 and 1.0, respectively, while the growths were intermediate of them at pBr 2.0 and 4.0. The growth parameters, DC(0) and kC(0), were experimentally determined. Also, critical supersaturation ratio was estimated as 1.28 as an average in the present study.

An Ab Initio Study of the Low-Lying Doublet States of AgO and AgS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauschlicher, Charles W., Jr.; Partridge, Harry; Langhoff, Stephen R.

1990-01-01

Spectroscopic constants (D(sub o), r(sub e), mu(sub e), T(sub e)) are determined for the doublet states of AgO and AgS below approx. = 30000/cm. Large valence basis sets are employed in conjunction with relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs). Electron correlation is included using the modified coupled-pair functional (MCPF) and multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) methods. The A(sup 2)Sigma(sup +) - X(sup 2)Pi band system is found to occur in the near infrared (approx. = 9000/cm) and to be relatively weak with a radiative lifetime of 900 microns for A(sup 2)Sigma(sup +) (upsilon = 0). The weakly bound C(sup 2)Pi state (our notation), the upper state of the blue system, is found to require high levels of theoretical treatment to determine a quantitatively accurate potential. The red system is assigned as a transition from the C(sup 2)Pi state to the previously unobserved A(sup 2)Sigma(sup +) state. Several additional transitions are identified that should be detectable experimentally. A more limited study is performed for the vertical excitation spectrum of AgS. In addition, a detailed all-electron study of the X(sup 2)Pi and A(sup 2)Sigma(sup +) states of AgO is carried out using large atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. Our best calculated D(sub o) value for AgO is significantly less than the experimental value, which suggests that there may be some systematic error in the experimental determination.

Isolated resonator gyroscope with isolation trimming using a secondary element

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor)

2006-01-01

The present invention discloses a resonator gyroscope including an isolated resonator. One or more flexures support the isolated resonator and a baseplate is affixed to the resonator by the flexures. Drive and sense elements are affixed to the baseplate and used to excite the resonator and sense movement of the gyroscope. In addition, at least one secondary element (e.g., another electrode) is affixed to the baseplate and used for trimming isolation of the resonator. The resonator operates such that it transfers substantially no net momentum to the baseplate when the resonator is excited. Typically, the isolated resonator comprises a proof mass and a counterbalancing plate.

3C-SiC microdisk mechanical resonators with multimode resonances at radio frequencies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, Jaesung; Zamani, Hamidrera; Rajgopal, Srihari; Zorman, Christian A.; X-L Feng, Philip

2017-07-01

We report on the design, modeling, fabrication and measurement of single-crystal 3C-silicon carbide (SiC) microdisk mechanical resonators with multimode resonances operating at radio frequencies (RF). These microdisk resonators (center-clamped on a vertical stem pedestal) offer multiple flexural-mode resonances with frequencies dependent on both disk and anchor dimensions. The resonators are made using a novel fabrication method comprised of focused ion beam nanomachining and hydroflouic : nitric : acetic (HNA) acid etching. Resonance peaks (in the frequency spectrum) are detected through laser-interferometry measurements. Resonators with different dimensions are tested, and multimode resonances, mode splitting, energy dissipation (in the form of quality factor measurement) are investigated. Further, we demonstrate a feedback oscillator based on a passive 3C-SiC resonator. This investigation provides important guidelines for microdisk resonator development, ranging from an analytical prediction of frequency scaling law to fabrication, suggesting RF microdisk resonators can be good candidates for future sensing applications in harsh environments.

Devices, systems, and methods for harvesting energy and methods for forming such devices

DOEpatents

Kotter, Dale K.; Novack, Steven D.

2012-12-25

Energy harvesting devices include a substrate coupled with a photovoltaic material and a plurality of resonance elements associated with the substrate. The resonance elements are configured to collect energy in at least visible and infrared light spectra. Each resonance element is capacitively coupled with the photovoltaic material, and may be configured to resonate at a bandgap energy of the photovoltaic material. Systems include a photovoltaic material coupled with a feedpoint of a resonance element. Methods for harvesting energy include exposing a resonance element having a resonant electromagnetic radiation having a frequency between approximately 20 THz and approximately 1,000 THz, absorbing at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation with the resonance element, and resonating the resonance element at a bandgap energy of an underlying photovoltaic material. Methods for forming an energy harvesting device include forming resonance elements on a substrate and capacitively coupling the resonance elements with a photovoltaic material.

Microelectromechanical filter formed from parallel-connected lattice networks of contour-mode resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wojciechowski, Kenneth E; Olsson, III, Roy H; Ziaei-Moayyed, Maryam

2013-07-30

A microelectromechanical (MEM) filter is disclosed which has a plurality of lattice networks formed on a substrate and electrically connected together in parallel. Each lattice network has a series resonant frequency and a shunt resonant frequency provided by one or more contour-mode resonators in the lattice network. Different types of contour-mode resonators including single input, single output resonators, differential resonators, balun resonators, and ring resonators can be used in MEM filter. The MEM filter can have a center frequency in the range of 10 MHz-10 GHz, with a filter bandwidth of up to about 1% when all of the latticemore » networks have the same series resonant frequency and the same shunt resonant frequency. The filter bandwidth can be increased up to about 5% by using unique series and shunt resonant frequencies for the lattice networks.« less

Coupled-Resonator-Induced Transparency

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, David D.; Chang, Hong-Rok; Fuller, Kirk A.; Rosenberger, A. T.; Boyd, Robert W.

2003-01-01

We demonstrate that a cancellation of absorption occurs on resonance for two (or any even number of) coupled optical resonators, due to mode splitting and classical destructive interference, particularly when the resonator finesse is large and the loss in the resonator furthest from the excitation waveguide is small. The linewidth and group velocity of a collection of such coupled-resonator structures may be decreased by using larger resonators of equal size, using larger resonators of unequal size where the optical path length of the larger resonator is an integer multiple of that of the smaller one, or by using a larger number of resonators per structure. We explore the analogy between these effects and electromagnetically induced transparency in an atomic system.

Dynamic Fano-like resonances in erbium-doped whispering-gallery-mode microresonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lei, Fuchuan; Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130; Peng, Bo

2014-09-08

We report Fano-like asymmetric resonances modulated by optical gain in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator fabricated from erbium-doped silica. A time-dependent gain profile leads to dynamically varying sharp asymmetric resonances with features similar to Fano resonances. Depending on the scan speed of the frequency of the probe laser and the pump-probe power ratio, transmission spectra of the active microcavity exhibit a resonance dip, a resonance peak, or a Fano-like resonance.

Single-resonator double-negative metamaterial

DOEpatents

Warne, Larry K.; Basilio, Lorena I.; Langston, William L.; Johnson, William A.; Ihlefeld, Jon; Ginn, III, James C.; Clem, Paul G.; Sinclair, Michael B.

2016-06-21

Resonances can be tuned in dielectric resonators in order to construct single-resonator, negative-index metamaterials. For example, high-contrast inclusions in the form of metallic dipoles can be used to shift the first electric resonance down (in frequency) to the first magnetic resonance, or alternatively, air splits can be used to shift the first magnetic resonance up (in frequency) near the first electric resonance. Degenerate dielectric designs become especially useful in infrared- or visible-frequency applications where the resonator sizes associated with the lack of high-permittivity materials can become of sufficient size to enable propagation of higher-order lattice modes in the resulting medium.

Simple and Inexpensive Classroom Demonstrations of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olson, Joel A.; Nordell, Karen J.; Chesnik, Marla A.; Landis, Clark R.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Rzchowski, M. S.; Condren, S. Michael; Lisensky, George C.

2000-01-01

Describes a set of simple, inexpensive, classical demonstrations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) principles that illustrate the resonance condition associated with magnetic dipoles and the dependence of the resonance frequency on environment. (WRM)

Tuning method for microresonators and microresonators made thereby

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Henry, Michael David; Olsson, Roy H.; Greth, Karl Douglas

2015-12-01

A micromechanical resonator is disclosed. The resonator includes a resonant micromechanical element. A film of annealable material can be deposited on a facial surface of the element. The resonance of the element can be tuned by annealing the deposited film. Also disclosed are methods of applying a film on a resonator and annealing the film, thereby tuning one or more resonant properties of the resonator.

The three principal secular resonances nu(5), nu(6), and nu(16) in the asteroidal belt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Froeschle, Ch.; Scholl, H.

1989-09-01

Theoretical and numerical results obtained for secular resonant motion in the asteroidal belt are reviewed. William's (1969) theory yields the locations of the principal secular resonances nu(5), Nu(6), and nu(16) in the asteroidal belt. Theories by Nakai and Kinoshita (1985) and by Yoshikawa (1987) make it possible to model the basic features of orbital evolution at the secular resonances nu(16) and nu(6), respectively. No theory is available for the secular resonance nu(5). Numerical experiments by Froeschle and Scholl yield quantitative and new qualitative results for orbital evolutions at the three principal secular resonances nu(5), nu(6), and nu(16). These experiments indicate possible chaotic motion due to overlapping resonances. A secular resonance may overlap with another secular resonance or with a mean motion resonance. The role of the secular resonances as possible sources of meteorites is discussed.

Huygens’ Metasurfaces Enabled by Magnetic Dipole Resonance Tuning in Split Dielectric Nanoresonators

DOE PAGES

Liu, Sheng; Vaskin, Aleksandr; Campione, Salvatore; ...

2017-06-07

Dielectric metasurfaces that exploit the different Mie resonances of nanoscale dielectric resonators are a powerful platform for manipulating electromagnetic fields and can provide novel optical behavior. Here in this work, we experimentally demonstrate independent tuning of the magnetic dipole resonances relative to the electric dipole resonances of split dielectric resonators (SDRs). By increasing the split dimension, we observe a blue shift of the magnetic dipole resonance toward the electric dipole resonance. Therefore, SDRs provide the ability to directly control the interaction between the two dipole resonances within the same resonator. For example, we achieve the first Kerker condition by spectrallymore » overlapping the electric and magnetic dipole resonances and observe significantly suppressed backward scattering. Moreover, we show that a single SDR can be used as an optical nanoantenna that provides strong unidirectional emission from an electric dipole source.« less

If It's Resonance, What is Resonating?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kerber, Robert C.

2006-01-01

The phenomenon under the name "resonance," which, is based on the mathematical analogy between mechanical resonance and the behavior of wave functions in quantum mechanical exchange phenomena was described. The resonating system does not have a structure intermediate between those involved in the resonance, but instead a structure which is further…

Microelectromechanical resonator and method for fabrication

DOEpatents

Wittwer, Jonathan W [Albuquerque, NM; Olsson, Roy H [Albuquerque, NM

2009-11-10

A method is disclosed for the robust fabrication of a microelectromechanical (MEM) resonator. In this method, a pattern of holes is formed in the resonator mass with the position, size and number of holes in the pattern being optimized to minimize an uncertainty .DELTA.f in the resonant frequency f.sub.0 of the MEM resonator due to manufacturing process variations (e.g. edge bias). A number of different types of MEM resonators are disclosed which can be formed using this method, including capacitively transduced Lame, wineglass and extensional resonators, and piezoelectric length-extensional resonators.

Microelectromechanical resonator and method for fabrication

DOEpatents

Wittwer, Jonathan W [Albuquerque, NM; Olsson, Roy H [Albuquerque, NM

2010-01-26

A method is disclosed for the robust fabrication of a microelectromechanical (MEM) resonator. In this method, a pattern of holes is formed in the resonator mass with the position, size and number of holes in the pattern being optimized to minimize an uncertainty .DELTA.f in the resonant frequency f.sub.0 of the MEM resonator due to manufacturing process variations (e.g. edge bias). A number of different types of MEM resonators are disclosed which can be formed using this method, including capacitively transduced Lame, wineglass and extensional resonators, and piezoelectric length-extensional resonators.

Tunable resonant and non-resonant interactions between a phase qubit and LC resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Allman, Michael Shane; Whittaker, Jed D.; Castellanos-Beltran, Manuel; Cicak, Katarina; da Silva, Fabio; Defeo, Michael; Lecocq, Florent; Sirois, Adam; Teufel, John; Aumentado, Jose; Simmonds, Raymond W.

2014-03-01

We use a flux-biased radio frequency superconducting quantum interference device (rf SQUID) with an embedded flux-biased direct current (dc) SQUID to generate strong resonant and non-resonant tunable interactions between a phase qubit and a lumped-element resonator. The rf-SQUID creates a tunable magnetic susceptibility between the qubit and resonator providing resonant coupling rates from zero to near the ultra-strong coupling regime. By modulating the magnetic susceptibility, non-resonant parametric coupling achieves rates > 100 MHz . Nonlinearity of the magnetic susceptibility also leads to parametric coupling at subharmonics of the qubit-resonator detuning. Controllable coupling is generically important for constructing coupled-mode systems ubiquitous in physics, useful for both, quantum information architectures and quantum simulators. This work supported by NIST and NSA grant EAO140639.

Investigations of High Pressure Acoustic Waves in Resonators with Seal-like Features

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daniels, Christopher; Steinetz, Bruce; Finkbeiner, Joshua

2003-01-01

A conical resonator (having a dissonant acoustic design) was tested in four configurations: (1) baseline resonator with closed ends and no blockage, (2) closed resonator with internal blockage, (3) ventilated resonator with no blockage, and (4) ventilated resonator with an applied pressure differential. These tests were conducted to investigate the effects of blockage and ventilation holes on dynamic pressurization. Additionally, the investigation was to determine the ability of acoustic pressurization to impede flow through the resonator. In each of the configurations studied, the entire resonator was oscillated at the gas resonant frequency while dynamic pressure, static pressure, and temperature of the fluid were measured. In the final configuration, flow through the resonator was recorded for three oscillation conditions. Ambient condition air was used as the working fluid.

Noise suppression for micromechanical resonator via intrinsic dynamic feedback

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ian, Hou; Gong, Zhi-Rui; Sun, Chang-Pu

2008-09-01

We study a dynamic mechanism to passively suppress the thermal noise of a micromechanical resonator through an intrinsic self-feedback that is genuinely non-Markovian. We use two coupled resonators, one as the target resonator and the other as an ancillary resonator, to illustrate the mechanism and its noise reduction effect. The intrinsic feedback is realized through the dynamics of coupling between the two resonators: the motions of the target resonator and the ancillary resonator mutually inthence each other in a cyclic fashion. Specifically, the states that the target resonator has attained earlier will affect the state it attains later due to the presence of the ancillary resonator. We show that the feedback mechanism will bring forth the effect of noise suppression in the spectrum of displacement, but not in the spectrum of momentum.

Use of multi-coil parallel-gap resonators for co-registration EPR/NMR imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawada, Yuuki; Hirata, Hiroshi; Fujii, Hirodata

2007-01-01

This article reports experimental investigations on the use of RF resonators for continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (cw-EPR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. We developed a composite resonator system with multi-coil parallel-gap resonators for co-registration EPR/NMR imaging. The resonance frequencies of each resonator were 21.8 MHz for NMR and 670 MHz for EPR. A smaller resonator (22 mm in diameter) for use in EPR was placed coaxially in a larger resonator (40 mm in diameter) for use in NMR. RF magnetic fields in the composite resonator system were visualized by measuring a homogeneous 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidinooxy (4-hydroxy-TEMPO) solution in a test tube. A phantom of five tubes containing distilled water and 4-hydroxy-TEMPO solution was also measured to demonstrate the potential usefulness of this composite resonator system in biomedical science. An image of unpaired electrons was obtained for 4-hydroxy-TEMPO in three tubes, and was successfully mapped on the proton image for five tubes. Technical problems in the implementation of a composite resonator system are discussed with regard to co-registration EPR/NMR imaging for animal experiments.

Oscillator circuit for use with high loss quartz resonator sensors

DOEpatents

Wessendorf, Otto

1995-01-01

The disclosure is directed to a Lever oscillator for use in high resistance resonator applications, especially for use with quartz resonator sensors. The oscillator is designed to operate over a wide dynamic range of resonator resistance due to damping of the resonator in mediums such as liquids. An oscillator design is presented that allows both frequency and loss (R.sub.m) of the resonator to be determined over a wide dynamic range of resonator loss. The Lever oscillator uses negative feedback in a differential amplifier configuration to actively and variably divide (or leverage) the resonator impedance such that the oscillator can maintain the phase and gain of the loop over a wide range of resonator resistance.

Stochastic resonance in micro/nano cantilever sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Singh, Priyanka; Yadava, R. D. S.

2018-05-01

In this paper we present a comparative study on the stochastic resonance in micro/nano cantilever resonators due to fluctuations in the fundamental frequency or the damping coefficient. Considering DC+AC electrostatic actuation in the presence of zero-mean Gaussian noise with exponential autocorrelation we analyze stochastic resonance behaviors for the frequency and the damping fluctuations separately, and compare the effects of stochastic resonance on Q-factor of the resonators for different levels of damping losses. It is found that even though the stochastic resonance occurs for both types of fluctuations, only the damping fluctuation produces right cooperative influence on the fundamental resonance that improves both the amplitude response and the quality factor of the resonator.

Lineshape asymmetry for joint coherent population trapping and three-photon N resonances

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hancox, Cindy; Hohensee, Michael; Crescimanno, Michael; Phillips, David F.; Walsworth, Ronald L.

2008-06-01

We show that a characteristic two photon lineshape asymmetry arises in coherent population trapping (CPT) and three photon (N) resonances because both resonances are simultaneously induced by modulation sidebands in the interrogating laser light. The N resonance is a three-photon resonance in which a two-photon Raman excitation is combined with a resonant optical pumping field. This joint CPT and N resonance can be the dominant source of lineshape distortion, with direct relevance for the operation of miniaturized atomic frequency standards. We present the results of both an experimental study and theoretical treatment of the asymmetry of the joint CPT and N resonance under conditions typical to the operation of an N resonance clock.

Silicon photonic resonator sensors and devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chrostowski, Lukas; Grist, Samantha; Flueckiger, Jonas; Shi, Wei; Wang, Xu; Ouellet, Eric; Yun, Han; Webb, Mitch; Nie, Ben; Liang, Zhen; Cheung, Karen C.; Schmidt, Shon A.; Ratner, Daniel M.; Jaeger, Nicolas A. F.

2012-02-01

Silicon photonic resonators, implemented using silicon-on-insulator substrates, are promising for numerous applications. The most commonly studied resonators are ring/racetrack resonators. We have fabricated these and other resonators including disk resonators, waveguide-grating resonators, ring resonator reflectors, contra-directional grating-coupler ring resonators, and racetrack-based multiplexer/demultiplexers. While numerous resonators have been demonstrated for sensing purposes, it remains unclear as to which structures provide the highest sensitivity and best limit of detection; for example, disc resonators and slot-waveguide-based ring resonators have been conjectured to provide an improved limit of detection. Here, we compare various resonators in terms of sensor metrics for label-free bio-sensing in a micro-fluidic environment. We have integrated resonator arrays with PDMS micro-fluidics for real-time detection of biomolecules in experiments such as antigen-antibody binding reaction experiments using Human Factor IX proteins. Numerous resonators are fabricated on the same wafer and experimentally compared. We identify that, while evanescent-field sensors all operate on the principle that the analyte's refractive index shifts the resonant frequency, there are important differences between implementations that lie in the relationship between the optical field overlap with the analyte and the relative contributions of the various loss mechanisms. The chips were fabricated in the context of the CMC-UBC Silicon Nanophotonics Fabrication course and workshop. This yearlong, design-based, graduate training program is offered to students from across Canada and, over the last four years, has attracted participants from nearly every Canadian university involved in photonics research. The course takes students through a full design cycle of a photonic circuit, including theory, modelling, design, and experimentation.

Coupling influence on the sensitivity of microfiber resonator sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Wei; Chen, Ye; Kou, Jun-long; Xu, Fei; Lu, Yan-qing

2011-12-01

By modifying the resonant condition of microfiber resonator sensors while taking the coupling effect into account, we theoretically investigate coupling influence on the resonant wavelength and sensitivity. Numerical calculation shows significant difference in resonant wavelength and sensitivity with different coupling strength. Tuning the coupling can shift the resonant position as far as several nanometers and change the sensitivity as large as 30 nm/RIU in an all-coupling microfiber coil resonator.

Sonic resonator control and method for determining component concentration in multiple component molten liquids

DOEpatents

Shen, Sin-Yan

1984-01-01

This invention teaches a control to be used in smelting aluminum by the electrolysis breakdown of alumina (A1.sub.2 O.sub.3) in a molten electrolyte heated to approximately 950.degree.-1000.degree. C. The invention provides a sonic resonator and control that can accurately detect the resonant frequency of the resonator in the molten electrolyte. The resonator preferably is made with tubular side wall 1/4 of the sonic wavelength, or is a quarter wave resonator. A wave generator inputs a signal having a range of frequencies that includes the resonant frequency, so that a peak resonant output at the resonant frequency can be detected on an oscilloscope or like detector. This instantaneous resonant frequency is then checked against an accurate data base correlating the resonant frequencies of the resonator in the electrolyte at specific alumina concentrations normally experienced throughout the electrolysis cycle. The electrolysis cycle can thus be controlled and recharged at any predetermined low alumina concentration greater than where the anode effect phase of the cycle normally might begin.

Ovenized microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator

DOEpatents

Olsson, Roy H; Wojciechowski, Kenneth; Kim, Bongsang

2014-03-11

An ovenized micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) resonator including: a substantially thermally isolated mechanical resonator cavity; a mechanical oscillator coupled to the mechanical resonator cavity; and a heating element formed on the mechanical resonator cavity.

Engineering non-linear resonator mode interactions in circuit QED by continuous driving: Introduction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pfaff, Wolfgang; Reagor, Matthew; Heeres, Reinier; Ofek, Nissim; Chou, Kevin; Blumoff, Jacob; Leghtas, Zaki; Touzard, Steven; Sliwa, Katrina; Holland, Eric; Krastanov, Stefan; Frunzio, Luigi; Devoret, Michel; Jiang, Liang; Schoelkopf, Robert

2015-03-01

High-Q microwave resonators show great promise for storing and manipulating quantum states in circuit QED. Using resonator modes as such a resource in quantum information processing applications requires the ability to manipulate the state of a resonator efficiently. Further, one must engineer appropriate coupling channels without spoiling the coherence properties of the resonator. We present an architecture that combines millisecond lifetimes for photonic quantum states stored in a linear resonator with fast measurement provided by a low-Q readout resonator. We demonstrate experimentally how a continuous drive on a transmon can be utilized to generate highly non-classical photonic states inside the high-Q resonator via effective nonlinear resonator mode interactions. Our approach opens new avenues for using modes of long-lived linear resonators in the circuit QED platform for quantum information processing tasks.

Sound absorption by a Helmholtz resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Komkin, A. I.; Mironov, M. A.; Bykov, A. I.

2017-07-01

Absorption characteristics of a Helmholtz resonator positioned at the end wall of a circular duct are considered. The absorption coefficient of the resonator is experimentally investigated as a function of the diameter and length of the resonator neck and the depth of the resonator cavity. Based on experimental data, the linear analytic model of a Helmholtz resonator is verified, and the results of verification are used to determine the dissipative attached length of the resonator neck so as to provide the agreement between experimental and calculated data. Dependences of sound absorption by a Helmholtz resonator on its geometric parameters are obtained.

Piezoelectric shear wave resonator and method of making same

DOEpatents

Wang, Jin S.; Lakin, Kenneth M.; Landin, Allen R.

1988-01-01

An acoustic shear wave resonator comprising a piezoelectric film having its C-axis substantially inclined from the film normal such that the shear wave coupling coefficient significantly exceeds the longitudinal wave coupling coefficient, whereby the film is capable of shear wave resonance, and means for exciting said film to resonate. The film is prepared by deposition in a dc planar magnetron sputtering system to which a supplemental electric field is applied. The resonator structure may also include a semiconductor material having a positive temperature coefficient of resonance such that the resonator has a temperature coefficient of resonance approaching 0 ppm/.degree.C.

Method of making a piezoelectric shear wave resonator

DOEpatents

Wang, Jin S.; Lakin, Kenneth M.; Landin, Allen R.

1987-02-03

An acoustic shear wave resonator comprising a piezoelectric film having its C-axis substantially inclined from the film normal such that the shear wave coupling coefficient significantly exceeds the longitudinal wave coupling coefficient, whereby the film is capable of shear wave resonance, and means for exciting said film to resonate. The film is prepared by deposition in a dc planar magnetron sputtering system to which a supplemental electric field is applied. The resonator structure may also include a semiconductor material having a positive temperature coefficient of resonance such that the resonator has a temperature coefficient of resonance approaching 0 ppm/.degree.C.

High-Q optical resonators: characterization and application to stabilization of lasers and high spectral purity microwave oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Llopis, O.; Merrer, P. H.; Bouchier, A.; Saleh, K.; Cibiel, G.

2010-02-01

Microwave optical systems for frequency generation are described in this paper. The goal is to reach high spectral purity in the microwave frequency range using ultra high Q optical resonators. The resonators investigated are of two types : resonant (passive) fiber rings and WGM tridimensional resonators. They all feature ultra high optical Q factors, in excess of 108 or 109 near 1550 nm. These resonators also sustain a large number of optical resonances, and the microwave signal is stabilized on two (or more) resonances of this optical comb. Different problems have to be overcome in order to reach a functional system, such as : resonator design and coupling, laser stabilization on a resonance, overall system design, noise optimization... This paper gives an overlook on these problems, and on some solutions we found to work towards a compact and efficient microwave opto-electronic oscillator (OEO). A first result is presented on a 10 GHz OEO based on a resonant fiber ring.

Terahertz absorber based on Fano-like resonance of inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid metal grooves and sensor application

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Yingying; Sun, Bo

2018-07-01

We investigate the multi-resonance coupling of inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid (IQFP) groove metal arrays at terahertz frequencies. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and groove resonance are induced, resulting in resonance coupling. The dipole of the groove resonance drives the quadrupole of the SPR and creates a sharp Fano-like resonance. The effects of geometry parameters including the width (at the bottom) and height are analyzed in detail. The results show that with the decrease in the sidewall slope of the groove, the confinement of the groove region on the electromagnetic field decreases, thereby increasing the resonance coupling. The Fano-like resonance is enhanced. The sensitivity and quality factor are discussed. The results show that the Fano-like resonance has high sensitivity and quality factor. With the increase in the sidewall slope of the groove, the sensitivity increases, and the quality factor decreases. The results show that the Fano-like resonance of IQFP groove metal arrays has a significant potential for biological monitoring and sensing.

Resonant enhancement of Raman scattering in metamaterials with hybrid electromagnetic and plasmonic resonances

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guddala, Sriram; Narayana Rao, D.; Ramakrishna, S. Anantha

2016-06-01

A tri-layer metamaterial perfect absorber of light, consisting of (Al/ZnS/Al) films with the top aluminum layer patterned as an array of circular disk nanoantennas, is investigated for resonantly enhancing Raman scattering from C60 fullerene molecules deposited on the metamaterial. The metamaterial is designed to have resonant bands due to plasmonic and electromagnetic resonances at the Raman pump frequency (725 nm) as well as Stokes emission bands. The Raman scattering from C60 on the metamaterial with resonantly matched bands is measured to be enhanced by an order of magnitude more than C60 on metamaterials with off-resonant absorption bands peaking at 1090 nm. The Raman pump is significantly enhanced due to the resonance with a propagating surface plasmon band, while the highly impedance-matched electromagnetic resonance is expected to couple out the Raman emission efficiently. The nature and hybridization of the plasmonic and electromagnetic resonances to form compound resonances are investigated by numerical simulations.

Resonant characteristics and sensitivity dependency on the contact surface in QCM-micropillar-based system of coupled resonator sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kashan, M. A. M.; Kalavally, V.; Lee, H. W.; Ramakrishnan, N.

2016-05-01

We report the characteristics and sensitivity dependence over the contact surface in coupled resonating sensors (CRSs) made of high aspect ratio resonant micropillars attached to a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). Through experiments and simulation, we observed that when the pillars of resonant heights were placed in maximum displacement regions the resonance frequency of the QCM increased following the coupled resonance characteristics, as the pillar offered elastic loading to the QCM surface. However, the same pillars when placed in relatively lower displacement regions, in spite of their resonant dimension, offered inertial loading and resulted in a decrease in QCM resonance frequency, as the displacement amplitude was insufficient to couple the vibrations from the QCM to the pillars. Accordingly, we discovered that the coupled resonance characteristics not only depend on the resonant structure dimensions but also on the contact regions in the acoustic device. Further analysis revealed that acoustic pressure at the contact surface also influences the resonance frequency characteristics and sensitivity of the CRS. To demonstrate the significance of the present finding for sensing applications, humidity sensing is considered as the example measurand. When a sensing medium made of resonant SU-8 pillars was placed in a maximum displacement region on a QCM surface, the sensitivity increased by 14 times in comparison to a resonant sensing medium placed in a lower displacement region of a QCM surface.

Storage and on-demand release of microwaves using superconducting resonators with tunable coupling

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pierre, Mathieu, E-mail: mathieu.pierre@lncmi.cnrs.fr; Svensson, Ida-Maria; Raman Sathyamoorthy, Sankar

2014-06-09

We present a system which allows to tune the coupling between a superconducting resonator and a transmission line. This storage resonator is addressed through a second, coupling resonator, which is frequency-tunable and controlled by a magnetic flux applied to a superconducting quantum interference device. We experimentally demonstrate that the lifetime of the storage resonator can be tuned by more than three orders of magnitude. A field can be stored for 18 μs when the coupling resonator is tuned off resonance and it can be released in 14 ns when the coupling resonator is tuned on resonance. The device allows capture, storage, andmore » on-demand release of microwaves at a tunable rate.« less

Nanomechanical resonance detector

DOEpatents

Grossman, Jeffrey C; Zettl, Alexander K

2013-10-29

An embodiment of a nanomechanical frequency detector includes a support structure and a plurality of elongated nanostructures coupled to the support structure. Each of the elongated nanostructures has a particular resonant frequency. The plurality of elongated nanostructures has a range of resonant frequencies. An embodiment of a method of identifying an object includes introducing the object to the nanomechanical resonance detector. A resonant response by at least one of the elongated nanostructures of the nanomechanical resonance detector indicates a vibrational mode of the object. An embodiment of a method of identifying a molecular species of the present invention includes introducing the molecular species to the nanomechanical resonance detector. A resonant response by at least one of the elongated nanostructures of the nanomechanical resonance detector indicates a vibrational mode of the molecular species.

Numerical Investigations of High Pressure Acoustic Waves in Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Athavale, Mahesh; Pindera, Maciej; Daniels, Christopher C.; Steinetz, Bruce M.

2004-01-01

This presentation presents work on numerical investigations of nonlinear acoustic phenomena in resonators that can generate high-pressure waves using acoustic forcing of the flow. Time-accurate simulations of the flow in a closed cone resonator were performed at different oscillation frequencies and amplitudes, and the numerical results for the resonance frequency and fluid pressure increase match the GRC experimental data well. Work on cone resonator assembly simulations has started and will involve calculations of the flow through the resonator assembly with and without acoustic excitation. A new technique for direct calculation of resonance frequency of complex shaped resonators is also being investigated. Script-driven command procedures will also be developed for optimization of the resonator shape for maximum pressure increase.

Lateral acoustic wave resonator comprising a suspended membrane of low damping resonator material

DOEpatents

Olsson, Roy H.; El-Kady; , Ihab F.; Ziaei-Moayyed, Maryam; Branch; , Darren W.; Su; Mehmet F.,; Reinke; Charles M.,

2013-09-03

A very high-Q, low insertion loss resonator can be achieved by storing many overtone cycles of a lateral acoustic wave (i.e., Lamb wave) in a lithographically defined suspended membrane comprising a low damping resonator material, such as silicon carbide. The high-Q resonator can sets up a Fabry-Perot cavity in a low-damping resonator material using high-reflectivity acoustic end mirrors, which can comprise phononic crystals. The lateral overtone acoustic wave resonator can be electrically transduced by piezoelectric couplers. The resonator Q can be increased without increasing the impedance or insertion loss by storing many cycles or wavelengths in the high-Q resonator material, with much lower damping than the piezoelectric transducer material.

Optical trapping apparatus, methods and applications using photonic crystal resonators

DOEpatents

Erickson, David; Chen, Yih-Fan

2015-06-16

A plurality of photonic crystal resonator optical trapping apparatuses and a plurality optical trapping methods using the plurality of photonic crystal resonator optical trapping apparatuses include located and formed over a substrate a photonic waveguide that is coupled (i.e., either separately coupled or integrally coupled) with a photonic crystal resonator. In a particular embodiment, the photonic waveguide and the photonic crystal resonator comprise a monocrystalline silicon (or other) photonic material absent any chemical functionalization. In another particular embodiment, the photonic waveguide and the photonic crystal resonator comprise a silicon nitride material which when actuating the photonic crystal resonator optical trapping apparatus with a 1064 nanometer resonant photonic radiation wavelength (or other resonant photonic radiation wavelength in a range from about 700 to about 1200 nanometers) provides no appreciable heating of an aqueous sample fluid that is analyzed by the photonic crystal resonator optical trapping apparatus.

Energy harvesting devices for harvesting energy from terahertz electromagnetic radiation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Novack, Steven D.; Kotter, Dale K.; Pinhero, Patrick J.

2012-10-09

Methods, devices and systems for harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation are provided including harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation. In one embodiment, a device includes a substrate and one or more resonance elements disposed in or on the substrate. The resonance elements are configured to have a resonant frequency, for example, in at least one of the infrared, near-infrared and visible light spectra. A layer of conductive material may be disposed over a portion of the substrate to form a ground plane. An optical resonance gap or stand-off layer may be formed between the resonance elements and the ground plane. Themore » optical resonance gap extends a distance between the resonance elements and the layer of conductive material approximately one-quarter wavelength of a wavelength of the at least one resonance element's resonant frequency. At least one energy transfer element may be associated with the at least one resonance element.« less

Energy harvesting devices for harvesting energy from terahertz electromagnetic radiation

DOEpatents

Novack, Steven D.; Kotter, Dale K.; Pinhero, Patrick J.

2012-10-09

Methods, devices and systems for harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation are provided including harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation. In one embodiment, a device includes a substrate and one or more resonance elements disposed in or on the substrate. The resonance elements are configured to have a resonant frequency, for example, in at least one of the infrared, near-infrared and visible light spectra. A layer of conductive material may be disposed over a portion of the substrate to form a ground plane. An optical resonance gap or stand-off layer may be formed between the resonance elements and the ground plane. The optical resonance gap extends a distance between the resonance elements and the layer of conductive material approximately one-quarter wavelength of a wavelength of the at least one resonance element's resonant frequency. At least one energy transfer element may be associated with the at least one resonance element.

Structures, systems and methods for harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation

DOEpatents

Novack, Steven D [Idaho Falls, ID; Kotter, Dale K [Shelley, ID; Pinhero, Patrick J [Columbia, MO

2011-12-06

Methods, devices and systems for harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation are provided including harvesting energy from electromagnetic radiation. In one embodiment, a device includes a substrate and one or more resonance elements disposed in or on the substrate. The resonance elements are configured to have a resonant frequency, for example, in at least one of the infrared, near-infrared and visible light spectra. A layer of conductive material may be disposed over a portion of the substrate to form a ground plane. An optical resonance gap or stand-off layer may be formed between the resonance elements and the ground plane. The optical resonance gap extends a distance between the resonance elements and the layer of conductive material approximately one-quarter wavelength of a wavelength of the at least one resonance element's resonant frequency. At least one energy transfer element may be associated with the at least one resonance element.

Strongly Coupled Nanotube Electromechanical Resonators.

PubMed

Deng, Guang-Wei; Zhu, Dong; Wang, Xin-He; Zou, Chang-Ling; Wang, Jiang-Tao; Li, Hai-Ou; Cao, Gang; Liu, Di; Li, Yan; Xiao, Ming; Guo, Guang-Can; Jiang, Kai-Li; Dai, Xing-Can; Guo, Guo-Ping

2016-09-14

Coupling an electromechanical resonator with carbon-nanotube quantum dots is a significant method to control both the electronic charge and the spin quantum states. By exploiting a novel microtransfer technique, we fabricate two separate strongly coupled and electrically tunable mechanical resonators for the first time. The frequency of the two resonators can be individually tuned by the bottom gates, and in each resonator, the electron transport through the quantum dot can be strongly affected by the phonon mode and vice versa. Furthermore, the conductance of either resonator can be nonlocally modulated by the other resonator through phonon-phonon interaction between the two resonators. Strong coupling is observed between the phonon modes of the two resonators, where the coupling strength larger than 200 kHz can be reached. This strongly coupled nanotube electromechanical resonator array provides an experimental platform for future studies of the coherent electron-phonon interaction, the phonon-mediated long-distance electron interaction, and entanglement state generation.

Algorithm of resonance orders for the objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, YongGang; Zhang, JianXue

2018-03-01

In mechanical engineering, the object resonance phenomena often occur when the external incident wave frequency is close to object of the natural frequency. Object resonance phenomena get the maximum value when the external incident frequency is equal to object the natural frequency. Experiments found that resonance intension of the object is changed, different objects resonance phenomena present different characteristics of ladders. Based on object orders resonance characteristics, the calculation method of object orders resonance is put forward in the paper, and the application for the light and sound waves on the seven order resonance characteristics by people feel, the result error is less than 1%.Visible in this paper, the method has high accuracy and usability. The calculation method reveals that some object resonance occur present order characteristic only four types, namely the first-orders resonance characteristics, third-orders characteristics, five orders characteristic, and seven orders characteristic.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Han, Seunghoon; Horie, Yu; Faraon, Andrei

An on-chip optical filter having Fabri-Perot resonators and a spectrometer may include a first sub-wavelength grating (SWG) reflecting layer and a second SWG reflecting layer facing each other. A plurality of Fabri-Perot resonators are formed by the first SWG reflecting layer and the second SWG reflecting layer facing each other. Each of the Fabri-Perot resonators may transmit light corresponding to a resonance wavelength of the Fabri-Perot resonator. The resonance wavelengths of the Fabri-Perot resonators may be determined according to duty cycles of grating patterns.

Piezoelectric shear wave resonator and method of making same

DOEpatents

Wang, J.S.; Lakin, K.M.; Landin, A.R.

1985-05-20

An acoustic shear wave resonator comprising a piezoelectric film having its C-axis substantially inclined from the film normal such that the shear wave coupling coefficient significantly exceeds the longitudinal wave coupling coefficient, whereby the film is capable of shear wave resonance, and means for exciting said film to resonate. The film is prepared by deposition in a dc planar magnetron sputtering system to which a supplemental electric field is applied. The resonator structure may also include a semiconductor material having a positive temperature coefficient of resonance such that the resonator has a temperature coefficient of resonance approaching 0 ppM//sup 0/C.

Piezoelectric shear wave resonator and method of making same

DOEpatents

Wang, J.S.; Lakin, K.M.; Landin, A.R.

1983-10-25

An acoustic shear wave resonator comprising a piezoelectric film having its C-axis substantially inclined from the film normal such that the shear wave coupling coefficient significantly exceeds the longitudinal wave coupling coefficient, whereby the film is capable of shear wave resonance, and means for exciting said film to resonate. The film is prepared by deposition in a dc planar magnetron sputtering system to which a supplemental electric field is applied. The resonator structure may also include a semiconductor material having a positive temperature coefficient of resonance such that the resonator has a temperature coefficient of resonance approaching 0 ppM//sup 0/C.

Tunable resonator-based devices for producing variable delays and narrow spectral linewidths

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor)

2006-01-01

Devices with two or more coupled resonators to produce narrow spectral responses due to interference of signals that transmit through the resonators and techniques for operating such devices to achieve certain operating characteristics are described. The devices may be optical devices where optical resonators such as whispering gallery mode resonators may be used. In one implementation, at least one of the coupled optical resonators is a tunable resonator and is tuned to change its resonance frequency to tune the spectral response of the device. The described devices and techniques may be applied in optical filters, optical delays, optical waveform generators, and other applications.

Microplasma generating array

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hopwood, Jeffrey A.; Wu, Chen; Hoskinson, Alan R.

A microplasma generator includes first and second conductive resonators disposed on a first surface of a dielectric substrate. The first and second conductive resonators are arranged in line with one another with a gap defined between a first end of each resonator. A ground plane is disposed on a second surface of the dielectric substrate and a second end of each of the first and second resonators is coupled to the ground plane. A power input connector is coupled to the first resonator at a first predetermined distance from the second end chosen as a function of the impedance ofmore » the first conductive resonator. A microplasma generating array includes a number of resonators in a dielectric material substrate with one end of each resonator coupled to ground. A micro-plasma is generated at the non-grounded end of each resonator. The substrate includes a ground electrode and the microplasmas are generated between the non-grounded end of the resonator and the ground electrode. The coupling of each resonator to ground may be made through controlled switches in order to turn each resonator off or on and therefore control where and when a microplasma will be created in the array.« less

Extraordinary acoustic transmission mediated by Helmholtz resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Koju, Vijay; Rowe, Ebony; Robertson, William M., E-mail: William.Robertson@mtsu.edu

2014-07-15

We demonstrate perfect transmission of sound through a rigid barrier embedded with Helmholtz resonators. The resonators are confined within a waveguide and they are oriented such that one neck protrudes onto each side of the barrier. Perfect sound transmission occurs even though the open area of the necks is less than 3% of the barrier area. Maximum transmission occurs at the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonator. Because the dimensions of the Helmholtz resonators are much smaller than the resonant wavelength, the transmission is independent of the direction of sound on the barrier and of the relative placement of themore » necks. Further, we show that the transmitted sound experiences a continuous phase transition of π radians as a function of frequency through resonance. In simulations of adjacent resonators with slightly offset resonance frequencies, the phase difference leads to destructive interference. By expanding the simulation to a linear array of tuned Helmholtz resonators we show that it is possible to create an acoustic lens. The ability of Helmholtz resonator arrays to manipulate the phase of a plane acoustic wave enables a new class of sonic beam-forming devices analogous to diffractive optics.« less

Dynamics of the retrograde 1/1 mean motion resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Huang, Yukun; Li, Miao; Li, Junfeng; Gong, Shengping

2018-04-01

Mean motion resonances are very common in the solar system. Asteroids in mean motion resonances with giant planets have been studied for centuries. But it was not until recently that asteroids in retrograde mean motion resonances with Jupiter and Saturn were discovered. The newly discovered asteroid, 2015 BZ509 is confirmed to be the first asteroid in retrograde 1:1 mean motion resonance (or retrograde co-orbital resonance) with Jupiter, which gives rise to our interests in its unique resonant dynamics. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the phase-space structure of the retrograde 1:1 resonance within the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem. We begin by constructing a simple integrable approximation for the planar retrograde resonance with the Hamiltonian approach and show that the variables definition of the retrograde resonance is very different to the prograde one. When it comes to the disturbing function, we abandon the classical series expansion approach, whereas numerically carry out the averaging process on the disturbing function in closed form. The phase portrait of the retrograde 1:1 resonance is depicted with the level curves of the averaged Hamiltonian. We find that the topological structure of phase space for the retrograde 1:1 resonance is very different to other resonances, due to the consistent existence of the collision separatrix. And the surprising bifurcation of equilibrium point around 180° (i.e., the apocentric libration center) has never been found in any other mean motion resonances before. We thoroughly analyze the novel apocentric librations and find that close encounter with the planet does not always lead to the disruption of a stable apocentric libration. Afterwards, we examine the Kozai dynamics inside the mean motion resonance with the similar Hamiltonian approach and explain why the exact resonant point does not exist in the 3D retrograde 1:1 resonance model.

Theoretical investigation of resonant frequencies of unstrapped magnetron with arbitrary side resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yue, Song, E-mail: yuessd@163.com; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049; Zhang, Zhao-chuan

In this paper, a sector steps approximation method is proposed to investigate the resonant frequencies of magnetrons with arbitrary side resonators. The arbitrary side resonator is substituted with a series of sector steps, in which the spatial harmonics of electromagnetic field are also considered. By using the method of admittance matching between adjacent steps, as well as field continuity conditions between side resonators and interaction regions, the dispersion equation of magnetron with arbitrary side resonators is derived. Resonant frequencies of magnetrons with five common kinds of side resonators are calculated with sector steps approximation method and computer simulation softwares, inmore » which the results have a good agreement. The relative error is less than 2%, which verifies the validity of sector steps approximation method.« less

Electron Spin Resonance at the Level of 1 04 Spins Using Low Impedance Superconducting Resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eichler, C.; Sigillito, A. J.; Lyon, S. A.; Petta, J. R.

2017-01-01

We report on electron spin resonance measurements of phosphorus donors localized in a 200 μ m2 area below the inductive wire of a lumped element superconducting resonator. By combining quantum limited parametric amplification with a low impedance microwave resonator design, we are able to detect around 2 ×1 04 spins with a signal-to-noise ratio of 1 in a single shot. The 150 Hz coupling strength between the resonator field and individual spins is significantly larger than the 1-10 Hz coupling rates obtained with typical coplanar waveguide resonator designs. Because of the larger coupling rate, we find that spin relaxation is dominated by radiative decay into the resonator and dependent upon the spin-resonator detuning, as predicted by Purcell.

Creating a zero-order resonator using an optical surface transformation

PubMed Central

Sun, Fei; Ge, Xiaochen; He, Sailing

2016-01-01

A novel zero-order resonator has been designed by an optical surface transformation (OST) method. The resonator proposed here has many novel features. Firstly, the mode volume can be very small (e.g. in the subwavelength scale). Secondly, the resonator is open (no reflecting walls are utilized) and resonant effects can be found in a continuous spectrum (i.e. a continuum of eigenmodes). Thirdly, we only need one homogenous medium to realize the proposed resonator. The shape of the resonator can be a ring structure of arbitrary shape. In addition to the natural applications (e.g. optical storage) of an optical resonator, we also suggest some other applications of our novel optical open resonator (e.g. power combination, squeezing electromagnetic energy in the free space). PMID:26888359

Improvement in transmission loss of aircraft double wall with resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sun, Jincai; Shi, Liming; Ye, Xining

1991-08-01

A little volume low frequency resonator applicable to double-wall configuration of propeller-driven aircraft was designed on the basis of the principle of Helmholtz resonator. The normal incidence absorption coefficient of the various single resonator has been measured. The agreement between theoretical and experimental results is encouraging. An array of resonators whose resonant frequency at 85 Hz and 160 Hz, respectively, are installed between aircraft double-panel, and it has been shown that transmission loss of the double wall structure with resonators improve 4 dB and 6.5 dB in 1/3rd octave bandwidth at 80 Hz and 160 Hz center frequency, respectively, and 5 dB and 7 dB at resonant frequencies, compared with that of the double wall configuration without resonators.

Multiple-Barrier Resonant Tunneling Structures for Application in a Microwave Generator Stabilized by Microstrip Resonator

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-06-23

conductivity ( NDC ) effects in double barrier resonant tunneling structures (DBRTS) prove the extremely fast frequency response of charge transport (less...UNCLASSIFIED Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADP013131 TITLE: Multiple-Barrier Resonant Tunneling Structures for...Institute Multiple-barrier resonant tunneling structures for application in a microwave generator stabilized by microstrip resonator S. V. Evstigneev, A. L

Two-resonance probe for measuring electron density in low-pressure plasmas

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, D. W.; You, S. J.; Kim, S. J.; Kim, J. H.; Oh, W. Y.

2017-04-01

A technique for measuring double-checked electron density using two types of microwave resonance is presented. Simultaneous measurement of the resonances (plasma and quarter-wavelength resonator resonances), which were used for the cutoff probe (CP) and hairpin probe (HP), was achieved by the proposed microwave resonance probe. The developed two-resonance probe (TRP) consists of parallel separated coaxial cables exposing the radiation and detection tips. The structure resembles that of the CP, except the gapped coaxial cables operate not only as a microwave feeder for the CP but also as a U- shaped quarter-wavelength resonator for the HP. By virtue of this structure, the microwave resonances that have typically been used for measuring the electron density for the CP and HP were clearly identified on the microwave transmission spectrum of the TRP. The two types of resonances were measured experimentally under various power and pressure conditions for the plasma. A three-dimensional full-wave simulation model for the TRP is also presented and used to investigate and reproduce the resonances. The electron densities inferred from the resonances were compared and showed good agreement. Quantitative differences between the densities were attributed to the effects of the sheath width and spatial density gradient on the resonances. This accessible technique of using the TRP to obtain double-checked electron densities may be useful for comparative study and provides complementary uses for the CP and HP.

Integral resonator gyroscope

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Hayworth, Ken J. (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean V. (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor)

2008-01-01

The present invention discloses an inertial sensor having an integral resonator. A typical sensor comprises a planar mechanical resonator for sensing motion of the inertial sensor and a case for housing the resonator. The resonator and a wall of the case are defined through an etching process. A typical method of producing the resonator includes etching a baseplate, bonding a wafer to the etched baseplate, through etching the wafer to form a planar mechanical resonator and the wall of the case and bonding an end cap wafer to the wall to complete the case.

Method of producing an integral resonator sensor and case

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Yee, Karl Y. (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Hayworth, Ken J. (Inventor); Wiberg, Dean V. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

The present invention discloses an inertial sensor having an integral resonator. A typical sensor comprises a planar mechanical resonator for sensing motion of the inertial sensor and a case for housing the resonator. The resonator and a wall of the case are defined through an etching process. A typical method of producing the resonator includes etching a baseplate, bonding a wafer to the etched baseplate, through etching the wafer to form a planar mechanical resonator and the wall of the case and bonding an end cap wafer to the wall to complete the case.

Wavelength-tunable optical ring resonators

DOEpatents

Watts, Michael R [Albuquerque, NM; Trotter, Douglas C [Albuquerque, NM; Young, Ralph W [Albuquerque, NM; Nielson, Gregory N [Albuquerque, NM

2009-11-10

Optical ring resonator devices are disclosed that can be used for optical filtering, modulation or switching, or for use as photodetectors or sensors. These devices can be formed as microdisk ring resonators, or as open-ring resonators with an optical waveguide having a width that varies adiabatically. Electrical and mechanical connections to the open-ring resonators are made near a maximum width of the optical waveguide to minimize losses and thereby provide a high resonator Q. The ring resonators can be tuned using an integral electrical heater, or an integral semiconductor junction.

Wavelength-tunable optical ring resonators

DOEpatents

Watts, Michael R [Albuquerque, NM; Trotter, Douglas C [Albuquerque, NM; Young, Ralph W [Albuquerque, NM; Nielson, Gregory N [Albuquerque, NM

2011-07-19

Optical ring resonator devices are disclosed that can be used for optical filtering, modulation or switching, or for use as photodetectors or sensors. These devices can be formed as microdisk ring resonators, or as open-ring resonators with an optical waveguide having a width that varies adiabatically. Electrical and mechanical connections to the open-ring resonators are made near a maximum width of the optical waveguide to minimize losses and thereby provide a high resonator Q. The ring resonators can be tuned using an integral electrical heater, or an integral semiconductor junction.

Analysis and experimental study on the effect of a resonant tube on the performance of acoustic levitation devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Hai; Liu, Jianfang; Lv, Qingqing; Gu, Shoudong; Jiao, Xiaoyang; Li, Minjiao; Zhang, Shasha

2016-09-01

The influence of a resonant tube on the performance of acoustic standing wave-based levitation device (acoustic levitation device hereinafter) is studied by analyzing the acoustic pressure and levitation force of four types of acoustic levitation devices without a resonance tube and with resonance tubes of different radii R using ANSYS and MATLAB. Introducing a resonance tube either enhances or weakens the levitation strength of acoustic levitation device, depending on the resonance tube radii. Specifically, the levitation force is improved to a maximum degree when the resonance tube radius is slightly larger than the size of the reflector end face. Furthermore, the stability of acoustic levitation device is improved to a maximum degree by introducing a resonance tube of R=1.023λ. The experimental platform and levitation force measurement system of the acoustic levitation device with concave-end-face-type emitter and reflector are developed, and the test of suspended matters and liquid drops is conducted. Results show that the Φ6.5-mm steel ball is suspended easily when the resonance tube radius is 1.023λ, and the Φ5.5-mm steel ball cannot be suspended when the resonance tube radius is 1.251λ. The levitation capability of the original acoustic levitation device without a resonance tube is weakened when a resonance tube of R=1.251λ is applied. These results are consistent with the ANSYS simulation results. The levitation time of the liquid droplet with a resonance tube of R=1.023λ is longer than without a resonance tube. This result is also supported by the MATLAB simulation results. Therefore, the performance of acoustic levitation device can be improved by introducing a resonant tube with an appropriate radius.

Microoptical device for efficient read-out of active WGM resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wienhold, Tobias; Brammer, Marko; Grossmann, Tobias; Schneider, Marc; Kalt, Heinz; Mappes, Timo

2012-06-01

Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators are known to offer outstanding properties for applications in photonics and telecommunication. Despite their promising performance, one major obstacle for the use of WGM resonators in industrial products is the need of expensive components and high-precision setups for their operation, requiring a controlled lab environment. For industrial applications technically simpler and more robust realizations are desired. Active WGM resonators utilize an optical gain medium for light amplification within the resonator and may be operated as lasers. They offer several advantages over their passive counterparts, such as cheap pump sources, free space excitation of resonator modes, and potentially narrower line widths. However, collection of the light emitted from the resonator still bears several challenges. Emission occurs in plane of the resonator and radiation is emitted isotropically along the circumference. Thus, detectors positioned in plane of the resonator may collect only a limited angular segment of the resonator's light emission. We report on a microoptical device which is integrated on the resonator chip and redirects all in-plane emission of active WGM resonators into a defined off-plane direction. Redirected light can easily be collected using a standard detector. Contrary to other approaches our microoptical device does not decrease the quality factor (Q factor) of the resonator. As light from all angular segments of the resonator is collected, the detected signal-to-noise ratio is expected to be largely improved. Our microoptical device therefore offers a promising approach towards mass-producible integration of active WGM resonators, e. g. into a Lab-on-a-Chip, for sensor applications, where smallest possible frequency shifts need to be read out by a highly sensitive detector.

Isolated planar gyroscope with internal radial sensing and actuation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor)

2006-01-01

The present invention discloses an inertial sensor comprising a planar mechanical resonator with embedded sensing and actuation for substantially in-plane vibration and having a central rigid support for the resonator. At least one excitation or torquer electrode is disposed within an interior of the resonator to excite in-plane vibration of the resonator and at least one sensing or pickoff electrode is disposed within the interior of the resonator for sensing the motion of the excited resonator. In one embodiment, the planar resonator includes a plurality of slots in an annular pattern; in another embodiment, the planar mechanical resonator comprises four masses; each embodiment having a simple degenerate pair of in-plane vibration modes.

Method of producing an inertial sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor)

2008-01-01

The present invention discloses an inertial sensor comprising a planar mechanical resonator with embedded sensing and actuation for substantially in-plane vibration and having a central rigid support for the resonator. At least one excitation or torquer electrode is disposed within an interior of the resonator to excite in-plane vibration of the resonator and at least one sensing or pickoff electrode is disposed within the interior of the resonator for sensing the motion of the excited resonator. In one embodiment, the planar resonator includes a plurality of slots in an annular pattern; in another embodiment, the planar mechanical resonator comprises four masses; each embodiment having a simple degenerate pair of in-plane vibration modes.

Systems and methods for pressure and temperature measurement

DOEpatents

Challener, William Albert; Airey, Li

2016-12-06

A measurement system in one embodiment includes an acquisition module and a determination module. The acquisition module is configured to acquire resonant frequency information corresponding to a sensor disposed in a remote location from the acquisition module. The resonant frequency information includes first resonant frequency information for a first resonant frequency of the sensor corresponding to environmental conditions of the remote location, and also includes second resonant frequency information for a different, second resonant frequency of the sensor corresponding to the environmental conditions of the remote location. The determination module is configured to use the first resonant frequency information and the second resonant frequency information to determine the temperature and the pressure at the remote location.

Analytic Solution of the Electromagnetic Eigenvalues Problem in a Cylindrical Resonator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Checchin, Mattia; Martinello, Martina

Resonant accelerating cavities are key components in modern particles accelerating facilities. These take advantage of electromagnetic fields resonating at microwave frequencies to accelerate charged particles. Particles gain finite energy at each passage through a cavity if in phase with the resonating field, reaching energies even of the order of $TeV$ when a cascade of accelerating resonators are present. In order to understand how a resonant accelerating cavity transfers energy to charged particles, it is important to determine how the electromagnetic modes are exited into such resonators. In this paper we present a complete analytical calculation of the resonating fields formore » a simple cylindrical-shaped cavity.« less

Disc resonator gyroscope fabrication process requiring no bonding alignment

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor)

2010-01-01

A method of fabricating a resonant vibratory sensor, such as a disc resonator gyro. A silicon baseplate wafer for a disc resonator gyro is provided with one or more locating marks. The disc resonator gyro is fabricated by bonding a blank resonator wafer, such as an SOI wafer, to the fabricated baseplate, and fabricating the resonator structure according to a pattern based at least in part upon the location of the at least one locating mark of the fabricated baseplate. MEMS-based processing is used for the fabrication processing. In some embodiments, the locating mark is visualized using optical and/or infrared viewing methods. A disc resonator gyroscope manufactured according to these methods is described.

Coherent Raman scattering with incoherent light for a multiply resonant mixture: Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kirkwood, Jason C.; Ulness, Darin J.; Stimson, Michael J.; Albrecht, A. C.

1998-02-01

The theory for coherent Raman scattering (CRS) with broadband incoherent light is presented for a multiply resonant, multicomponent mixture of molecules that exhibits simultaneous multiple resonances with the frequencies of the driving fields. All possible pairwise hyperpolarizability contributions to the signal intensity are included in the theoretical treatment-(resonant-resonant, resonant-nonresonant, and nonresonant-nonresonant correlations between chromophores) and it is shown how the different types of correlations manifest themselves as differently behaved components of the signal intensity. The Raman resonances are modeled as Lorentzians in the frequency domain, as is the spectral density of the incoherent light. The analytic results for this multiply resonant mixture are presented and applied to a specific binary mixture. These analytic results will be used to recover frequencies and dephasing times in a series of experiments on multiply resonant mixtures.

Erbium-doped fiber ring resonator for resonant fiber optical gyro applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Chunming; Zhao, Rui; Tang, Jun; Xia, Meijing; Guo, Huiting; Xie, Chengfeng; Wang, Lei; Liu, Jun

2018-04-01

This paper reports a fiber ring resonator with erbium-doped fiber (EDF) for resonant fiber optical gyro (RFOG). To analyze compensation mechanism of the EDF on resonator, a mathematical model of the erbium-doped fiber ring resonator (EDFRR) is established based on Jones matrix to be followed by the design and fabrication of a tunable EDFRR. The performances of the fabricated EDFRR were measured and the experimental Q-factor of 2 . 47 × 108 and resonant depth of 109% were acquired separately. Compared with the resonator without the EDF, the resonant depth and Q-factor of the proposed device are increased by 2.5 times and 14 times, respectively. A potential optimum shot noise limited resolution of 0 . 042∘ / h can be obtained for the RFOG, which is promising for low-cost and high precise detection.

Experimental study of the influence of different resonators on thermoacoustic conversion performance of a thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine.

PubMed

Luo, E C; Ling, H; Dai, W; Yu, G Y

2006-12-22

In this paper, an experimental study of the effect of the resonator shape on the performance of a traveling-wave thermoacoustic engine is presented. Two different resonators were tested in the thermoacoustic-Stirling heat. One resonator is an iso-diameter one, and the other is a tapered one. To have a reasonable comparison reference, we keep the same traveling-wave loop, the same resonant frequency and the same operating pressure. The experiment showed that the resonator shape has significant influence on the global performance of the thermoacoustic-Stirling heat engine. The tapered resonator gives much better performance than the iso-diameter resonator. The tapered resonator system achieved a maximum pressure ratio of about 1.3, a maximum net acoustical power output of about 450 W and a highest thermoacoustic efficiency of about 25%.

Tunable Thin-Film Resonator Coupled to Two Qubits in a 3D Cavity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballard, Cody; Dutta, S. K.; Budoyo, R. P.; Voigt, K. D.; Lobb, C. J.; Wellstood, F. C.

We present preliminary results on using a tunable, thin-film lumped element LC resonator to couple two transmon qubits in a 3D microwave cavity. The cavity, which is used for readout, is made of aluminum and has a TE101 mode at 6.3 GHz. The LC resonator has a base frequency of about 5 GHz and the inductor contains two loops, each having a single Josephson junction. Applying magnetic flux to the loops modulates the overall inductance of the resonator allowing tuning over a 500 MHz range. Two Al/AlOx/Al transmon qubits are fabricated on the same sapphire substrate as the resonator, and are designed to have a charging energy of 200 MHz and a frequency that falls within the tuning range of the resonator. Observing the perturbations of the resonant frequencies of the qubits and the cavity as the LC resonator is tuned allows us to determine the coupling strengths between each qubit and the LC resonator and between the LC resonator and the cavity.

Tailoring dielectric resonator geometries for directional scattering and Huygens’ metasurfaces

DOE PAGES

Campione, Salvatore; Basilio, Lorena I.; Warne, Larry K.; ...

2015-01-28

In this paper we describe a methodology for tailoring the design of metamaterial dielectric resonators, which represent a promising path toward low-loss metamaterials at optical frequencies. We first describe a procedure to decompose the far field scattered by subwavelength resonators in terms of multipolar field components, providing explicit expressions for the multipolar far fields. We apply this formulation to confirm that an isolated high-permittivity dielectric cube resonator possesses frequency separated electric and magnetic dipole resonances, as well as a magnetic quadrupole resonance in close proximity to the electric dipole resonance. We then introduce multiple dielectric gaps to the resonator geometrymore » in a manner suggested by perturbation theory, and demonstrate the ability to overlap the electric and magnetic dipole resonances, thereby enabling directional scattering by satisfying the first Kerker condition. We further demonstrate the ability to push the quadrupole resonance away from the degenerate dipole resonances to achieve local behavior. These properties are confirmed through the multipolar expansion and show that the use of geometries suggested by perturbation theory is a viable route to achieve purely dipole resonances for metamaterial applications such as wave-front manipulation with Huygens’ metasurfaces. Our results are fully scalable across any frequency bands where high-permittivity dielectric materials are available, including microwave, THz, and infrared frequencies.« less

Dielectric perturbations and Rayleigh scattering from an optical fiber near a superconducting resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Voigt, Kristen; Hertzberg, Jared; Dutta, Sudeep; Budoyo, Rangga; Ballard, Cody; Lobb, Chris; Wellstood, Frederick

As part of an experiment to optically trap 87Rb atoms near a superconducting device, we have coupled an optical fiber to a translatable thin-film lumped-element superconducting Al microwave resonator that is cooled to 15 mK in a dilution refrigerator. The lumped-element resonator has a resonance frequency of 6.15 GHz, a quality factor of 8 x 105 at high powers, and is mounted inside a superconducting aluminum 3D cavity. The 60-µm-diameter optical fiber passes through small openings in the cavity and close to the lumped-element resonator. The 3D cavity is mounted on an x-z Attocube-translation stage that allows the lumped-element resonator and optical fiber to be moved relative to each other. When the resonator is brought near to the fiber, we observe a shift in resonance frequency, of up to 8 MHz, due to the presence of the fiber dielectric. When optical power is sent through the fiber, Rayleigh scattering in the fiber causes a position-dependent weak illumination of the thin-film resonator affecting its resonance frequency and Q. We model the optical response of the resonator by taking into account optical production, recombination, and diffusion of quasiparticles as well as the non-uniform position-dependent illumination of the resonator.

Development and validation of a questionnaire evaluating patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging: the Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire (MRI-AQ).

PubMed

Ahlander, Britt-Marie; Årestedt, Kristofer; Engvall, Jan; Maret, Eva; Ericsson, Elisabeth

2016-06-01

To develop and validate a new instrument measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging- Anxiety Questionnaire. Questionnaires measuring patients' anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations have been the same as used in a wide range of conditions. To learn about patients' experience during examination and to evaluate interventions, a specific questionnaire measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging is needed. Psychometric cross-sectional study with test-retest design. A new questionnaire, Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire, was designed from patient expressions of anxiety in Magnetic Resonance Imaging-scanners. The sample was recruited between October 2012-October 2014. Factor structure was evaluated with exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha. Criterion-related validity, known-group validity and test-retest was calculated. Patients referred for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of either the spine or the heart, were invited to participate. The development and validation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire resulted in 15 items consisting of two factors. Cronbach's alpha was found to be high. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire correlated higher with instruments measuring anxiety than with depression scales. Known-group validity demonstrated a higher level of anxiety for patients undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan of the heart than for those examining the spine. Test-retest reliability demonstrated acceptable level for the scale. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Anxiety Questionnaire bridges a gap among existing questionnaires, making it a simple and useful tool for measuring patient anxiety during Magnetic Resonance Imaging examinations. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Advanced Nursing Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The Efficacy of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Targeted Biopsy in Risk Classification for Patients with Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance.

PubMed

Recabal, Pedro; Assel, Melissa; Sjoberg, Daniel D; Lee, Daniel; Laudone, Vincent P; Touijer, Karim; Eastham, James A; Vargas, Hebert A; Coleman, Jonathan; Ehdaie, Behfar

2016-08-01

We determined whether multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsies may replace systematic biopsies to detect higher grade prostate cancer (Gleason score 7 or greater) and whether biopsy may be avoided based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging among men with Gleason 3+3 prostate cancer on active surveillance. We identified men with previously diagnosed Gleason score 3+3 prostate cancer on active surveillance who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and a followup prostate biopsy. Suspicion for higher grade cancer was scored on a standardized 5-point scale. All patients underwent a systematic biopsy. Patients with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging regions of interest also underwent magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy. The detection rate of higher grade cancer was estimated for different multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging scores with the 3 biopsy strategies of systematic, magnetic resonance imaging targeted and combined. Of 206 consecutive men on active surveillance 135 (66%) had a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging region of interest. Overall, higher grade cancer was detected in 72 (35%) men. A higher multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging score was associated with an increased probability of detecting higher grade cancer (Wilcoxon-type trend test p <0.0001). Magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy detected higher grade cancer in 23% of men. Magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy alone missed higher grade cancers in 17%, 12% and 10% of patients with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging scores of 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsies increased the detection of higher grade cancer among men on active surveillance compared to systematic biopsy alone. However, a clinically relevant proportion of higher grade cancer was detected using only systematic biopsy. Despite the improved detection of disease progression using magnetic resonance imaging targeted biopsy, systematic biopsy cannot be excluded as part of surveillance for men with low risk prostate cancer. Copyright © 2016 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Detecting light in whispering-gallery-mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Mohageg, Makan (Inventor); Le, Thanh M. (Inventor)

2012-01-01

An optical device including a whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator configured to support one or more whispering gallery modes; and a photodetector optically coupled to an exterior surface of the optical resonator to receive evanescent light from the optical resonator to detect light inside the optical resonator.

Alfven wave cyclotron resonance heating

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

White, R.B.; Yosikawa, S.; Oberman, C.

1981-02-01

The resonance absorption of fast Alfven waves at the proton ctclotron resonance of a predominately deuterium plasma is investigated. An approximate dispersion relation is derived, valid in the vicinity of the resonance, which permits an exact calculation of transmission and reflection coefficients. For reasonable plasma parameters significant linear resonance absorption is found.

An Electromagnetic Resonance Circuit for Liquid Level Detection

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hauge, B. L.; Helseth, L. E.

2012-01-01

Electromagnetic resonators are often used to detect foreign materials. Here we present a simple experiment for the measurement of liquid level. The resonator, consisting of a coil and a capacitor, is brought to resonance by an external magnetic field source, and the corresponding resonance frequency is determined using Fourier analysis combined…

14 CFR 29.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 29.663... Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must... or tests that malfunction or failure of a single means will not cause ground resonance. (b) The...

14 CFR 29.663 - Ground resonance prevention means.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Ground resonance prevention means. 29.663... Ground resonance prevention means. (a) The reliability of the means for preventing ground resonance must... or tests that malfunction or failure of a single means will not cause ground resonance. (b) The...

Isolated resonator gyroscope with a drive and sense plate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shcheglov, Kirill V. (Inventor); Challoner, A. Dorian (Inventor)

2006-01-01

The present invention discloses a resonator gyroscope comprising a vibrationally isolated resonator including a proof mass, a counterbalancing plate having an extensive planar region, and one or more flexures interconnecting the proof mass and counterbalancing plate. A baseplate is affixed to the resonator by the one or more flexures and sense and drive electrodes are affixed to the baseplate proximate to the extensive planar region of the counterbalancing plate for exciting the resonator and sensing movement of the gyroscope. The isolated resonator transfers substantially no net momentum to the baseplate when the resonator is excited.

Detection of internal fields in double-metal terahertz resonators

DOE PAGES

Mitrofanov, Oleg; Han, Zhanghua; Ding, Fei; ...

2017-02-06

(THz) plasmonic double-metal resonators enable enhanced light-matter coupling by utilizing strong localization of the resonant field. The closed resonator design however restricts investigations of the light-matter interaction effects. We propose and demonstrate a method for spatial mapping and spectroscopic analysis of the internal resonant THz fields in plasmonic double-metal THz resonators. We use the aperture-type scanning near-field THz time-domain microscopy and the concept of image charges to probe the THz fields confined within the resonator. The experimental method opens doors to studies of light-matter coupling in deeply sub-wavelength volumes at THz frequencies.

Resonant infiltration of an opal: Reflection line shape and contribution from in-depth regions.

PubMed

Maurin, Isabelle; Bloch, Daniel

2015-06-21

We analyze the resonant variation of the optical reflection on an infiltrated artificial opal made of transparent nanospheres. The resonant infiltration is considered as a perturbation in the frame of a previously described one-dimensional model based upon a stratified effective index. We show that for a thin slice of resonant medium, the resonant response oscillates with the position of this slice. We derive that for adequate conditions of incidence angle, this spatially oscillating behavior matches the geometrical periodicity of the opal and hence the related density of resonant infiltration. Close to these matching conditions, the resonant response of the global infiltration varies sharply in amplitude and shape with the incidence angle and polarization. The corresponding resonant reflection originates from a rather deep infiltration, up to several wavelengths or layers of spheres. Finally, we discuss the relationship between the present predictions and our previous observations on an opal infiltrated with a resonant vapor.

Excitation of ultrasharp trapped-mode resonances in mirror-symmetric metamaterials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Shengyan; Liu, Zhe; Xia, Xiaoxiang; E, Yiwen; Tang, Chengchun; Wang, Yujin; Li, Junjie; Wang, Li; Gu, Changzhi

2016-06-01

We experimentally demonstrate a metamaterial structure composed of two mirror-symmetric joint split ring resonators (JSRRs) that support extremely sharp trapped-mode resonance with a large modulation depth in the terahertz region. Contrary to the regular mirror-arranged SRR arrays in which both the subradiant inductive-capacitive (LC) resonance and quadrupole-mode resonance can be excited, our designed structure features a metallic microstrip bridging the adjacent SRRs, which leads to the emergence of an otherwise inaccessible ultrahigh-quality-factor resonance. The ultrasharp resonance occurs near the Wood-Rayleigh anomaly frequency, and the underlying mechanism can be attributed to the strong coupling between the in-plane propagating collective lattice surface mode originating from the array periodicity and localized surface plasmon resonance in mirror-symmetric coupled JSRRs, which dramatically reduces radiative damping. The ultrasharp resonance shows great potential for multifunctional applications such as plasmonic switching, low-power nonlinear processing, and chemical and biological sensing.

Method for fabricating a microelectromechanical resonator

DOEpatents

Wojciechowski, Kenneth E; Olsson, III, Roy H

2013-02-05

A method is disclosed which calculates dimensions for a MEM resonator in terms of integer multiples of a grid width G for reticles used to fabricate the resonator, including an actual sub-width L.sub.a=NG and an effective electrode width W.sub.e=MG where N and M are integers which minimize a frequency error f.sub.e=f.sub.d-f.sub.a between a desired resonant frequency f.sub.d and an actual resonant frequency f.sub.a. The method can also be used to calculate an overall width W.sub.o for the MEM resonator, and an effective electrode length L.sub.e which provides a desired motional impedance for the MEM resonator. The MEM resonator can then be fabricated using these values for L.sub.a, W.sub.e, W.sub.o and L.sub.e. The method can also be applied to a number j of MEM resonators formed on a common substrate.

Energy harvesting devices, systems, and related methods

DOEpatents

Kotter, Dale K.

2016-10-18

Energy harvesting devices include a substrate and a plurality of resonance elements coupled to the substrate. Each resonance element is configured to collect energy in the visible and infrared light spectra and to reradiate energy having a wavelength in the range of about 0.8 .mu.m to about 0.9 .mu.m. The resonance elements are arranged in groups of two or more resonance elements. Systems for harvesting electromagnetic radiation include a substrate, a plurality of resonance elements including a conductive material carried by the substrate, and a photovoltaic material coupled to the substrate and to at least one resonance element. The resonance elements are arranged in groups, such as in a dipole, a tripole, or a bowtie configuration. Methods for forming an energy harvesting device include forming groups of two or more discrete resonance elements in a substrate and coupling a photovoltaic material to the groups of discrete resonance elements.

Low-profile wireless passive resonators for sensing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gong, Xun; An, Linan

A resonator for sensing a physical or an environmental parameter includes a support having a top surface that provides a ground plane, and a polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) element positioned on the top surface including a PDC layer, and a metal patch on the PDC layer. The metal patch is electrically isolated from all surrounding structure, and the resonator has a resonant frequency that changes as a function of the physical or environmental parameter. A system for wirelessly sensing a physical or environmental parameter includes at least one resonator and a wireless RF reader located remotely from the resonator for transmittingmore » a wide-band RF interrogation signal that excites the resonator. The wireless RF reader detects a sensing signal retransmitted by the resonator and includes a processor for determining the physical or environmental parameter at the location of the resonator from the sensing signal.« less

Reducing support loss in micromechanical ring resonators using phononic band-gap structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hsu, Feng-Chia; Hsu, Jin-Chen; Huang, Tsun-Che; Wang, Chin-Hung; Chang, Pin

2011-09-01

In micromechanical resonators, energy loss via supports into the substrates may lead to a low quality factor. To eliminate the support loss, in this paper a phononic band-gap structure is employed. We demonstrate a design of phononic-crystal (PC) strips used to support extensional wine-glass mode ring resonators to increase the quality factor. The PC strips are introduced to stop elastic-wave propagation by the band-gap and deaf-band effects. Analyses of resonant characteristics of the ring resonators and the dispersion relations, eigenmodes, and transmission properties of the PC strips are presented. With the proposed resonator architecture, the finite-element simulations show that the leaky power is effectively reduced and the stored energy inside the resonators is enhanced simultaneously as the operating frequencies of the resonators are within the band gap or deaf bands. Realization of a high quality factor micromechanical ring resonator with minimized support loss is expected.

Magnetic field detection using magnetorheological optical resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rubino, Edoardo; Ioppolo, Tindaro

2018-02-01

In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of a magnetic field sensor that is based on a magnetorheological micro-optical resonator. The optical resonator has a spherical shape and a diameter of a few hundred micrometers. The resonator is fabricated by using a polymeric matrix made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisol with embedded magnetically polarizable micro-particles. When the optical resonator is subjected to an external magnetic field, the morphology (radius and refractive index) of the resonator is perturbed by the magnetic forces acting on it, leading to a shift of the optical resonances also known as whispering gallery modes (WGM). In this study, the effect of a static and harmonic magnetic field, as well as the concentration of the magnetic micro-particles on the optical mode shift is investigated. The optical resonances obtained with the PVC plastisol resonator showed a quality factor of 106 . The dynamical behavior of the optical resonator is investigated in the range between 0 and 200 Hz. The sensitivity of the optical resonator reaches a maximum value for a ratio between micro-particles and the polymeric matrix of 2:1 in weight. Experimental results indicate a sensitivity of 0.297 pm/mT leading to a resolution of 336 μT.

High sensitivity real-time NVR monitor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bowers, William D. (Inventor); Chuan, Raymond L. (Inventor)

1997-01-01

A real time non-volatile residue (NVR) monitor, which utilizes surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators to detect molecular contamination in a given environment. The SAW resonators operate at a resonant frequency of approximately 200 MHz-2,000 MHz which enables the NVR monitor to detect molecular contamination on the order of 10.sup.-11 g-cm.sup.-2 to 10.sup.-13 g-cm.sup.2. The NVR monitor utilizes active temperature control of (SAW) resonators to achieve a stable resonant frequency. The temperature control system of the NVR monitor is able to directly heat and cool the SAW resonators utilizing a thermoelectric element to maintain the resonators at a present temperature independent of the environmental conditions. In order to enable the direct heating and cooling of the SAW resonators, the SAW resonators are operatively mounted to a heat sink. In one embodiment, the heat sink is located in between the SAW resonators and an electronic circuit board which contains at least a portion of the SAW control electronics. The electrical leads of the SAW resonators are connected through the heat sink to the circuit board via an electronic path which prevents inaccurate frequency measurement.

A Study of Standing Pressure Waves Within Open and Closed Acoustic Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Daniels, C.; Steinetz, B.; Finkbeiner, J.; Raman, G.; Li, X.

2002-01-01

The first section of the results presented herein was conducted on an axisymmetric resonator configured with open ventilation ports on either end of the resonator, but otherwise closed and free from obstruction. The remaining section presents the results of a similar resonator shape that was closed, but contained an axisymmetric blockage centrally located through the axis of the resonator. Ambient air was used as the working fluid. In each of the studies, the resonator was oscillated at the resonant frequency of the fluid contained within the cavity while the dynamic pressure, static pressure, and temperature of the fluid were recorded at both ends of the resonator. The baseline results showed a marked reduction in the amplitude of the dynamic pressure waveforms over previous studies due to the use of air instead of refrigerant as the working fluid. A sharp reduction in the amplitude of the acoustic pressure waves was expected and recorded when the configuration of the resonators was modified from closed to open. A change in the resonant frequency was recorded when blockages of differing geometries were used in the closed resonator, while acoustic pressure amplitudes varied little from baseline measurements.

Induced high-order resonance linewidth shrinking with multiple coupled resonators in silicon-organic hybrid slotted two-dimensional photonic crystals for reduced optical switching power in bistable devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoang, Thu Trang; Ngo, Quang Minh; Vu, Dinh Lam; Le, Khai Q.; Nguyen, Truong Khang; Nguyen, Hieu P. T.

2018-01-01

Shrinking the linewidth of resonances induced by multiple coupled resonators is comprehensively analyzed using the coupled-mode theory (CMT) in time. Two types of coupled resonators under investigation are coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) and side-coupled resonators with waveguide (SCREW). We examine the main parameters influencing on the spectral response such as the number of resonators (n) and the phase shift (φ) between two adjacent resonators. For the CROWs geometry consisting of n coupled resonators, we observe the quality (Q) factor of the right- and left-most resonant lineshapes increases n times larger than that of a single resonator. For the SCREW geometry, relying on the phase shift, sharp, and asymmetric resonant lineshape of the high Q factor a narrow linewidth of the spectral response could be achieved. We employ the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to design and simulate two proposed resonators for practical applications. The proposed coupled resonators in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) slotted two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystals (PhCs) filled and covered with a low refractive index organic material. Slotted PhC waveguides and cavities are designed to enhance the electromagnetic intensity and to confine the light into small cross-sectional area with low refractive index so that efficient optical devices could be achieved. A good agreement between the theoretical CMT analysis and the FDTD simulation is shown as an evidence for our accurate investigation. All-optical switches based on the CROWs in the SOI slotted 2-D PhC waveguide that are filled and covered by a nonlinear organic cladding to overcome the limitations of its well-known intrinsic properties are also presented. From the calculations, we introduce a dependency of the normalized linewidth of the right-most resonance and its switching power of the all-optical switches on number of resonator, n. This result might provide a guideline for all-optical signal processing on a silicon PhC chip design.

Kepler-424 b: A "Lonely" Hot Jupiter that Found a Companion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Endl, Michael; Caldwell, Douglas A.; Barclay, Thomas; Huber, Daniel; Isaacson, Howard; Buchhave, Lars A.; Brugamyer, Erik; Robertson, Paul; Cochran, William D.; MacQueen, Phillip J.; Havel, Mathieu; Lucas, Phillip; Howell, Steve B.; Fischer, Debra; Quintana, Elisa; Ciardi, David R.

2014-11-01

Hot Jupiter systems provide unique observational constraints for migration models in multiple systems and binaries. We report on the discovery of the Kepler-424 (KOI-214) two-planet system, which consists of a transiting hot Jupiter (Kepler-424b) in a 3.31 day orbit accompanied by a more massive outer companion in an eccentric (e = 0.3) 223 day orbit. The outer giant planet, Kepler-424c, is not detected transiting the host star. The masses of both planets and the orbital parameters for the second planet were determined using precise radial velocity (RV) measurements from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) and its High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS). In stark contrast to smaller planets, hot Jupiters are predominantly found to be lacking any nearby additional planets; they appear to be "lonely". This might be a consequence of these systems having a highly dynamical past. The Kepler-424 planetary system has a hot Jupiter in a multiple system, similar to \\upsilon Andromedae. We also present our results for Kepler-422 (KOI-22), Kepler-77 (KOI-127), Kepler-43 (KOI-135), and Kepler-423 (KOI-183). These results are based on spectroscopic data collected with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), the Keck 1 telescope, and HET. For all systems, we rule out false positives based on various follow-up observations, confirming the planetary nature of these companions. We performed a comparison with planetary evolutionary models which indicate that these five hot Jupiters have heavy element contents between 20 and 120 M ⊕. Based on observations obtained with the Hobby-Eberly Telescope, which is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, the Pennsylvania State University, Stanford University, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.

Comprehensive Analysis of RXTE Data from Cyg X-1. Spectral Index-Quasi-Periodic Oscillation Frequency-Luminosity Correlations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shaposhnikov, Nickolai; Titarchuk, Lev

2006-01-01

We present timing and spectral analysis of approx. 2.2 Ms of Rossi X-ray Time Explorer (RXTE) archival data from Cyg X-1. Using the generic Comptonization model we reveal that the spectrum of Cyg X-1 consists of three components: a thermal seed photon spectrum, a Comptonized part of the seed photon spectrum and the iron line. We find a strong correlation between 0.1-20 Hz frequencies of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) and the spectral power-law index. Presence of two spectral phases (states) are clearly seen in the data when the spectral indices saturate at low and high values of QPO frequencies. This saturation effect was discovered earlier in a number of black hole candidate (BHC) sources and now we strongly confirm this phenomenon in Cyg X-1. In the soft state this index- QPO frequency correlation shows a saturation of the photon index Gamma approx. 2.1 at high values of the low frequency upsilon(sub L). The saturation level of Gamma approx. 2.1 is the lowest value found yet in BHCs. The bolometric luminosity does not show clear correlation with the index. We also show that Fe K(sub alpha) emission line strength (equivalent width, EW) correlates with the QPO frequency. EW increases from 200 eV in the low/hard state to 1.5 keV in the high/soft state. The revealed observational correlations allow us to propose a scenario for the spectral transition and iron line formation which occur in BHC sources. We also present the spectral state (the power-law index) evolution for eight years of Cyg X-1 observations by RXTE.

Search for Di-Muon Decays of a Light Scalar Higgs Boson in Radiative Upsilon(1S) Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prasad, Vindhyawasini

2013-08-01

We search for di-muon decays of a low-mass Higgs boson (A 0) in the fully reconstructed decay chain of Υ(2S, 3S ) → π +π -Υ(1S ), Υ(1S ) → γA 0, A 0 → μ +μ +. The A 0 is predicted by several extensions of the Standard Model (SM), including the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM). NMSSM introduces a CP-odd light Higgs boson whose mass could be less than 10 GeV/c 2. The data samples used in this analysis contain 92.8 × 10 6 Υ(2S ) and 116.8 × 10 6 Υ(3S ) events collected by the BABARmore » detector. The Υ(1S ) sample is selected by tagging the pion pair in the Υ(2S, 3S ) → π +π -Υ(1S ) transitions. We find no evidence for A 0 production and set 90% confidence level (C.L.) upper limits on the product branching fraction B(Υ(1S ) → γA 0) × B(A 0 → μ +μ -) in the range of (0.28 - 9.7) × 10 -6 for 0.212 ≤ mA 0 ≤ 9.20 GeV/c 2. We also combine our results with previous BABAR results of Υ(2S, 3S ) → γA 0, A 0 → μ +μ - to set limits on the effective coupling ( fΥ) of the b-quark to the A 0, f 2 Υ × B(A 0 → μ +μ -), at the level of (0.29- 40) × 10 -6 for 0.212 ≤ mA 0 ≤ 9.2 GeV/c 2.« less

Many light Higgs bosons in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dermisek, Radovan; Gunion, John F.

2009-03-01

The next-to-minimal supersymmetric model with a light doubletlike CP-odd Higgs boson and small tan{beta} can satisfy all experimental limits on Higgs bosons even with light superpartners. In these scenarios, the two lightest CP-even Higgs bosons, h{sub 1} and h{sub 2}, and the charged Higgs boson, h{sup +}, can all be light enough to be produced at CERN LEP and yet have decays that have not been looked for or are poorly constrained by existing collider experiments. The channel h{sub 1}{yields}a{sub 1}a{sub 1} with a{sub 1}{yields}{tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup -} or 2j is still awaiting LEP constraints for m{sub h{sub 1}}>86 or 82more » GeV, respectively. LEP data may also contain e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}h{sub 2}a{sub 1} events where h{sub 2}{yields}Za{sub 1} is the dominant decay, a channel that was never examined. Decays of the charged Higgs bosons are often dominated by H{sup {+-}}{yields}W{sup {+-}}{sup (}*{sup )}a{sub 1} with a{sub 1}{yields}gg, cc, and {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup -}. This is a channel that has so far been ignored in the search for t{yields}h{sup +}b decays at the Tevatron. A specialized analysis might reveal a signal. The light a{sub 1} might be within the reach of B factories via {upsilon}{yields}{gamma}a{sub 1} decays. We study typical mass ranges and branching ratios of Higgs bosons in this scenario and compare these scenarios where the a{sub 1} has a large doublet component to the more general scenarios with arbitrary singlet component for the a{sub 1}.« less

Study of Extra-Solar Planets with the Advanced Fiber Optic Echelle

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Noyes, Robert W.; Boyce, Joseph M. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

This is the final report of NASA Grant NAG5-7505, for 'Study of Extra-solar Planets with the Advanced Fiber Optic Echelle'. This program was funded in response to our proposal submitted under NASA NRA 97-OSS-06, with a total period of performance from June 1, 1998 through Feb 28 2002. Principal Investigator is Robert W. Noyes; co-Investigators are Sylvain G. Korzennik (SAO), Peter Niserison (SAO), and Timothy M. Brown (High Altitude Observatory). Since the start of this program we have carried out more than 30 observing runs, typically of 5 to 7 days duration. We obtained a total of around 2000 usable observations of about 150 stars, where a typical observation consists of 3 exposures of 10 minutes each. Using this data base we detected thc two additional planetary companions to the star Upsilon Andromedae. This detection was made independently of, and essentially simultaneously with, a similar detection by the Berkeley group (Marcy et al): the fact that two data sets were completely independent and gave essentially the same orbital parameters for this three-planet system gave a strong confirmation of this important result. We also extended our previous detection of the planet orbiting Rho Coronae Borealis to get a better determination of its orbital eccentricity: e=0.13 +/- 0.05. We detected a new planet in orbit around the star HD 89744, with orbital period 256 days, semi-major axis 0.88 AU, eccentricity 0.70, and minimum mass m sini = 7.2 m(sub Jup). This discovery is significant because of the very high orbital eccentricity, arid also because HD 89744 has both high metallicity [Fe/H] and at the same time a low [C/Fe] abundance ratio.

Hydrodynamic Simulations of Ejecta Production From Shocked Metallic Surfaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karkhanis, Varad Abhimanyu

The phenomenon of mass ejection into vacuum from a shocked metallic free surfaces can have a deleterious effect on the implosion phase of the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) process. Often, the ejecta take the form of a cloud of particles that are the result of microjetting sourced from imperfections on the metallic free surface. Significant progress has been achieved in the understanding of ejecta dynamics by treating the process as a limiting case of the baroclinically-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability (RMI). This conceptual picture is complicated by several practical considerations including breakup of spikes due to surface tension and yield strength of the metal. Thus, the problem involves a wide range of physical phenomena, occurring often under extreme conditions of material behavior. We describe an approach in which continuum simulations using ideal gases can be used to capture key aspects of ejecta growth associated with the RMI. The approach exploits the analogy between the Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions for ideal gases and the linear relationship between the shock velocity and particle velocity governing shocked metals. Such simulations with Upsilon-law fluids have been successful in accurately predicting the velocity and mass of ejecta for different shapes, and in excellent agreement with experiments. We use the astrophysical FLASH code, developed at the University of Chicago to model this problem. Based on insights from our simulations, we suggest a modified expression for ejecta velocities that is valid for large initial perturbation amplitudes. The expression for velocities is extended to ejecta originating from cavities with any arbitrary shape. The simulations are also used to validate a recently proposed source model for ejecta that predicts the ejected mass per unit area for sinusoidal and non-standard shapes. Such simulations and theoretical models play an important role in the design of target experiment campaigns.

The circumbinary dusty disk of upsilon Sgr revealed by mid-IR interferometric observations with the VLTI/MIDI

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bonneau, D.; Netolický, M.; Chesneau, O.; Harmanec, P.; Koubský, P.; Mourard, D.; Stee, P.

2008-11-01

The first mid-IR interferometric observations of a hydrogen-deficient binary star, υ Sgr, were carried out using the MIDI/VLTI instrument between April 2007 and May 2008. The dusty circumbinary envelope is resolved in the N band (8-13.5 μ m), and has a typical size of 20 x 14 mas. The calibrated fringe visibilities, the mid-IR spectrum and the SED were fitted using models computed with the radiative transfer code MC3D using several mixtures of carbon and silicate dust, in order to determine the geometry and chemical composition of the envelope. The best model we obtain is a geometrically thin and dense disk with an inner radius of R_{in} ≃ 6.0AU and a scale height h_{100} ≃ 3.5 AU. The inclination of the disk is i ≃ 50° and its position angle is PA ≃ 80°. The chemical composition of the dust is approximatelya ratio of 60% of carbon dust and 40% of silicate dust. We constrained for the first time the geometry and the chemistry of the circumbinary dusty envelope of υ Sgr. It is now clear that the components of υ Sgr are massive stars (> 10 M_⊙) and the results are compatible with evolutionary scenario proposed by Delgado & Thomas (1981) of a binary with massive components experiencing several phases of important mass transfer leading to the hydrogen-deficient primary star. However, complementary spectro-interferometric observations in the near infrared and the visible are mandatory to investigate the complex structure of the inner circumstellar environment and directly resolve the stellar components of the υ Sgr system.

Event activity dependence of Y(nS) production in $$\\sqrt{s_{NN}}$$=5.02 TeV pPb and $$\\sqrt{s}$$=2.76 TeV pp collisions

DOE PAGES

Chatrchyan, Serguei

2014-04-15

The production of Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S) is investigated in pPb and pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and 2.76 TeV, respectively. The datasets correspond to integrated luminosities of about 31 nb –1 (pPb) and 5.4 pb –1 (pp), collected in 2013 by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upsilons that decay into muons are reconstructed within the rapidity interval (y CM) < 1.93 in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame. Their production is studied as a function of two measures of event activity, namely the charged-particle multiplicity measured in the pseudorapidity interval |η| < 2.4, andmore » the sum of transverse energy deposited at forward pseudorapidity, 4.0 < |η|< 5.2. The Y cross sections normalized by their event activity integrated values, Y(nS)/, are found to rise with both measures of the event activity in pp and pPb. In both collision systems, the ratios of the excited to the ground state cross sections, Y(nS)/Y(1S), are found to decrease with the charged-particle multiplicity, while as a function of the transverse energy the variation is less pronounced. Lastly, the event activity integrated double ratios, [Y(nS)/Y(1S)] pPb / [Y(nS)/Y(1S)] pp, are also measured and found to be 0.83 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.05 (syst.) and 0.71 +/- 0.08 (stat.) +/- 0.09 (syst.) for Y(2S) and Y(3S), respectively.« less

Experiments with Helmholtz Resonators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greenslade, Thomas B., Jr.

1996-01-01

Presents experiments that use Helmholtz resonators and have been designed for a sophomore-level course in oscillations and waves. Discusses the theory of the Helmholtz resonator and resonance curves. (JRH)

Sequentially evaporated thin film YBa2Cu3O(7-x) superconducting microwave ring resonator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rohrer, Norman J.; To, Hing Y.; Valco, George J.; Bhasin, Kul B.; Chorey, Chris; Warner, Joseph D.

1990-01-01

There is great interest in the application of thin film high temperature superconductors in high frequency electronic circuits. A ring resonator provides a good test vehicle for assessing the microwave losses in the superconductor and for comparing films made by different techniques. Ring resonators made of YBa2Cu3O(7-x) have been investigated on LaAlO3 substrates. The superconducting thin films were deposited by sequential electron beam evaporation of Cu, Y, and BaF2 with a post anneal. Patterning of the superconducting film was done using negative photolithography. A ring resonator was also fabricated from a thin gold film as a control. Both resonators had a gold ground plane on the backside of the substrate. The ring resonators' reflection coefficients were measured as a function of frequency from 33 to 37 GHz at temperatures ranging from 20 K to 68 K. The resonator exhibited two resonances which were at 34.5 and 35.7 GHz at 68 K. The resonant frequencies increased with decreasing temperature. The magnitude of the reflection coefficients was in the calculation of the unloaded Q-values. The performance of the evaporated and gold resonator are compared with the performance of a laser ablated YBa2Cu3O(7-x) resonator. The causes of the double resonance are discussed.

Latent resonance in tidal rivers, with applications to River Elbe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Backhaus, Jan O.

2015-11-01

We describe a systematic investigation of resonance in tidal rivers, and of river oscillations influenced by resonance. That is, we explore the grey-zone between absent and fully developed resonance. Data from this study are the results of a one-dimensional numerical channel model applied to a four-dimensional parameter space comprising geometry, i.e. length and depths of rivers, and varying dissipation and forcing. Similarity of real rivers and channels from parameter space is obtained with the help of a 'run-time depth'. We present a model-channel, which reproduces tidal oscillations of River Elbe in Hamburg, Germany with accuracy of a few centimetres. The parameter space contains resonant regions and regions with 'latent resonance'. The latter defines tidal oscillations that are elevated yet not in full but juvenile resonance. Dissipation reduces amplitudes of resonance while creating latent resonance. That is, energy of resonance radiates into areas in parameter space where periods of Eigen-oscillations are well separated from the period of the forcing tide. Increased forcing enhances the re-distribution of resonance in parameter space. The River Elbe is diagnosed as being in a state of anthropogenic latent resonance as a consequence of ongoing deepening by dredging. Deepening the river, in conjunction with the expected sea level rise, will inevitably cause increasing tidal ranges. As a rule of thumb, we found that 1 m deepening would cause 0.5 m increase in tidal range.

Transverse Mode Multi-Resonant Single Crystal Transducer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Snook, Kevin A. (Inventor); Liang, Yu (Inventor); Luo, Jun (Inventor); Hackenberger, Wesley S. (Inventor); Sahul, Raffi (Inventor)

2015-01-01

A transducer is disclosed that includes a multiply resonant composite, the composite having a resonator bar of a piezoelectric single crystal configured in a d(sub 32) transverse length-extensional resonance mode having a crystallographic orientation set such that the thickness axis is in the (110) family and resonance direction is the (001) family.

Investigation of epi-thermal shape-parameter needed for precision analysis of activation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elmaghraby, Elsayed K.

2017-06-01

The present work aims to expose factors that alter the isotope's effective resonance energy and its resonance integral in order to have consistency between the experimental observation of integral experiments and the prediction of the reaction rate. The investigation is based on disclosing the interference among resonances in Breit-Wigner and Reich-Moore representations to make the investigation of the statistical nature of resonances possible. The shape-parameter influence on the isotope's behavior in epi-thermal neutron field was investigated in the range from -0.1 to 0.1. Evaluated resonance data given in Evaluated Nuclear Data Files (ENDF/B VII.1) and temperature-dependent cross-sections of Point2015 are used. Only resolved resonances are considered in the present assessment. Tabulated values of resonance integrals and effective resonance energies with their moments are given for the majority of ENDF's isotopes. The reported data can be used, directly, to compute the integral parameters for any value of shape-parameter without the need to use numerical software tools. Correlations among effective resonance energy, experimental level spacing and resonance integral are discussed.

Implementation of a Biaxial Resonant Fatigue Test Method on a Large Wind Turbine Blade

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Snowberg, D.; Dana, S.; Hughes, S.

2014-09-01

A biaxial resonant test method was utilized to simultaneously fatigue test a wind turbine blade in the flap and edge (lead-lag) direction. Biaxial resonant blade fatigue testing is an accelerated life test method utilizing oscillating masses on the blade; each mass is independently oscillated at the respective flap and edge blade resonant frequency. The flap and edge resonant frequency were not controlled, nor were they constant for this demonstrated test method. This biaxial resonant test method presented surmountable challenges in test setup simulation, control and data processing. Biaxial resonant testing has the potential to complete test projects faster than single-axismore » testing. The load modulation during a biaxial resonant test may necessitate periodic load application above targets or higher applied test cycles.« less

Quantum tunneling resonant electron transfer process in Lorentzian plasmas

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hong, Woo-Pyo; Jung, Young-Dae, E-mail: ydjung@hanyang.ac.kr; Department of Applied Physics and Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi-Do 426-791

The quantum tunneling resonant electron transfer process between a positive ion and a neutral atom collision is investigated in nonthermal generalized Lorentzian plasmas. The result shows that the nonthermal effect enhances the resonant electron transfer cross section in Lorentzian plasmas. It is found that the nonthermal effect on the classical resonant electron transfer cross section is more significant than that on the quantum tunneling resonant charge transfer cross section. It is shown that the nonthermal effect on the resonant electron transfer cross section decreases with an increase of the Debye length. In addition, the nonthermal effect on the quantum tunnelingmore » resonant electron transfer cross section decreases with increasing collision energy. The variation of nonthermal and plasma shielding effects on the quantum tunneling resonant electron transfer process is also discussed.« less

Optical resonator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taghavi-Larigani, Shervin (Inventor); Vanzyl, Jakob J. (Inventor); Yariv, Amnon (Inventor)

2006-01-01

The invention discloses a semi-ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP) optical resonator structure comprising a medium including an edge forming a reflective facet and a waveguide within the medium, the waveguide having opposing ends formed by the reflective facet. The performance of the SRFP resonator can be further enhanced by including a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the waveguide on one side of the gain medium. The optical resonator can be employed in a variety of optical devices. Laser structures using at least one SRFP resonator are disclosed where the resonators are disposed on opposite sides of a gain medium. Other laser structures employing one or more resonators on one side of a gain region are also disclosed.

Geometrical optics model of Mie resonances

PubMed

Roll; Schweiger

2000-07-01

The geometrical optics model of Mie resonances is presented. The ray path geometry is given and the resonance condition is discussed with special emphasis on the phase shift that the rays undergo at the surface of the dielectric sphere. On the basis of this model, approximate expressions for the positions of first-order resonances are given. Formulas for the cavity mode spacing are rederived in a simple manner. It is shown that the resonance linewidth can be calculated regarding the cavity losses. Formulas for the mode density of Mie resonances are given that account for the different width of resonances and thus may be adapted to specific experimental situations.

A Millimeter Wave BPF using WG Mode High Permittivity Dielectric Resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sato, Yosuke; Kogami, Yoshinori; Tomabechi, Yoshiro; Matsumura, Kazuhito

In this paper, a design technique of whispering gallery mode high Q value dielectric disk resonators for a millimeter-wave bandpass filter is described. To minimize the resonator size, some high permittivity materials are used. In this resonator design, unloaded Q value of an interested mode and the higher order modes are calculated and then optimum resonator size for the WG mode dielectric filter is determined. For a designed resonator, the higher order modes are hardly excited while the Q value of the fundamental mode can be maximized. Finally, some 3stage BPFs are constructed at 60GHz by using these designed resonators.

The resonant body transistor.

PubMed

Weinstein, Dana; Bhave, Sunil A

2010-04-14

This paper introduces the resonant body transistor (RBT), a silicon-based dielectrically transduced nanoelectromechanical (NEM) resonator embedding a sense transistor directly into the resonator body. Combining the benefits of FET sensing with the frequency scaling capabilities and high quality factors (Q) of internal dielectrically transduced bar resonators, the resonant body transistor achieves >10 GHz frequencies and can be integrated into a standard CMOS process for on-chip clock generation, high-Q microwave circuits, fundamental quantum-state preparation and observation, and high-sensitivity measurements. An 11.7 GHz bulk-mode RBT is demonstrated with a quality factor Q of 1830, marking the highest frequency acoustic resonance measured to date on a silicon wafer.

Resonance capture and dynamics of three-planet systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Charalambous, C.; Martí, J. G.; Beaugé, C.; Ramos, X. S.

2018-06-01

We present a series of dynamical maps for fictitious three-planet systems in initially circular coplanar orbits. These maps have unveiled a rich resonant structure involving two or three planets, as well as indicating possible migration routes from secular to double resonances or pure three-planet commensurabilities. These structures are then compared to the present-day orbital architecture of observed resonant chains. In a second part of the paper, we describe N-body simulations of type-I migration. Depending on the orbital decay time-scale, we show that three-planet systems may be trapped in different combinations of independent commensurabilities: (i) double resonances, (ii) intersection between a two-planet and a first-order three-planet resonances, and (iii) simultaneous libration in two first-order three-planet resonances. These latter outcomes are found for slow migrations, while double resonances are almost always the final outcome in high-density discs. Finally, we discuss an application to the TRAPPIST-1 system. We find that, for low migration rates and planetary masses of the order of the estimated values, most three-planet sub-systems are able to reach the observed double resonances after following evolutionary routes defined by pure three-planet resonances. The final orbital configuration shows resonance offsets comparable with present-day values without the need of tidal dissipation. For the 8/5 resonance proposed to dominate the dynamics of the two inner planets, we find little evidence of its dynamical significance; instead, we propose that this relation between mean motions could be a consequence of the interaction between a pure three-planet resonance and a two-planet commensurability between planets c and d.

GAUSSIAN BEAM LASER RESONATOR PROGRAM

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cross, P. L.

1994-01-01

In designing a laser cavity, the laser engineer is frequently concerned with more than the stability of the resonator. Other considerations include the size of the beam at various optical surfaces within the resonator or the performance of intracavity line-narrowing or other optical elements. Laser resonators obey the laws of Gaussian beam propagation, not geometric optics. The Gaussian Beam Laser Resonator Program models laser resonators using Gaussian ray trace techniques. It can be used to determine the propagation of radiation through laser resonators. The algorithm used in the Gaussian Beam Resonator program has three major components. First, the ray transfer matrix for the laser resonator must be calculated. Next calculations of the initial beam parameters, specifically, the beam stability, the beam waist size and location for the resonator input element, and the wavefront curvature and beam radius at the input surface to the first resonator element are performed. Finally the propagation of the beam through the optical elements is computed. The optical elements can be modeled as parallel plates, lenses, mirrors, dummy surfaces, or Gradient Index (GRIN) lenses. A Gradient Index lens is a good approximation of a laser rod operating under a thermal load. The optical system may contain up to 50 elements. In addition to the internal beam elements the optical system may contain elements external to the resonator. The Gaussian Beam Resonator program was written in Microsoft FORTRAN (Version 4.01). It was developed for the IBM PS/2 80-071 microcomputer and has been implemented on an IBM PC compatible under MS DOS 3.21. The program was developed in 1988 and requires approximately 95K bytes to operate.

High quality-factor fano metasurface comprising a single resonator unit cell

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sinclair, Michael B.; Warne, Larry K.; Basilio, Lorena I.

A new monolithic resonator metasurface design achieves ultra-high Q-factors while using only one resonator per unit cell. The metasurface relies on breaking the symmetry of otherwise highly symmetric resonators to induce intra-resonator mixing of bright and dark modes (rather than inter-resonator couplings), and is scalable from the near-infrared to radio frequencies and can be easily implemented in dielectric materials. The resulting high-quality-factor Fano metasurface can be used in many sensing, spectral filtering, and modulation applications.

Suppression of Helmholtz resonance using inside acoustic liner

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hong, Zhiliang; Dai, Xiwen; Zhou, Nianfa; Sun, Xiaofeng; Jing, Xiaodong

2014-08-01

When a Helmholtz resonator is exposed to grazing flow, an unstable shear layer at the opening can cause the occurrence of acoustic resonance under appropriate conditions. In this paper, in order to suppress the flow-induced resonance, the effects of inside acoustic liners placed on the side wall or the bottom of a Helmholtz resonator are investigated. Based on the one-dimensional sound propagation theory, the time domain impedance model of a Helmholtz resonator with inside acoustic liner is derived, and then combined with a discrete vortex model the resonant behavior of the resonator under grazing flow is simulated. Besides, an experiment is conducted to validate the present model, showing significant reduction of the peak sound pressure level achieved by the use of the side-wall liners. And the simulation results match reasonably well with the experimental data. The present results reveal that the inside acoustic liner can not only absorb the resonant sound pressure, but also suppress the fluctuation motion of the shear layer over the opening of the resonator. In all, the impact of the acoustic liners is to dampen the instability of the flow-acoustic coupled system. This demonstrates that it is a convenient and effective method for suppressing Helmholtz resonance by using inside acoustic liner.

Pulsation damping of the reciprocating compressor with Helmholtz resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, W.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, Q.; Peng, X.; Feng, J.; Jia, X.

2017-08-01

Research presented in this paper investigated the mounting of a Helmholtz resonator near the valve chamber of a reciprocating compressor to attenuate the gas pulsation in the valve chamber as well as the pipeline downstream. Its attenuation characteristics were simulated with the plane wave theory together with the transfer matrix method, and the damping effect was checked by comparing the pressure pulsation levels before and after mounting the resonator. The results show that the Helmholtz resonator was effective in attenuating the gas pulsation in the valve chamber and piping downstream, and the pulsation level was decreased by 40% in the valve chamber and 30% at maximum in the piping downstream. The damping effect of the resonator was sensitive to its resonant frequency, and various resonators working simultaneously didn’t interfere with each other. When two resonators were mounted in parallel, with resonant frequencies equal to the second and fourth harmonic frequencies, the pressure pulsation components corresponding to the resonant frequencies were remarkably decreased at the same time, while the pulsation levels at other harmonic frequencies kept almost unchanged. After a series of simulations and experiments a design criterion of chock tube and volume parameter has been proposed for the targeted frequencies to be damped. Furthermore, the frequency-adjustable Helmholtz resonator which was applied to the variable speed compressor was investigated.

Quartz crystal and superconductive resonators and oscillators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Besson, R. S.

1978-01-01

A general overview of piezoelectric resonators is given with emphasis on evolution of the resonator design. Superconducting cavities and crystals at low temperature and the use of resonant frequencies are also discussed.

Electromagnetically induced transparency with hybrid silicon-plasmonic traveling-wave resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ketzaki, Dimitra A.; Tsilipakos, Odysseas; Yioultsis, Traianos V.; Kriezis, Emmanouil E.

2013-09-01

Spectral filtering and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with hybrid silicon-plasmonic traveling-wave resonators are theoretically investigated. The rigorous three-dimensional vector finite element method simulations are complemented with temporal coupled mode theory. We show that ring and disk resonators with sub-micron radii can efficiently filter the lightwave with minimal insertion loss and high quality factors (Q). It is shown that disk resonators feature reduced radiation losses and are thus advantageous. They exhibit unloaded quality factors as high as 1000 in the telecom spectral range, resulting in all-pass filtering components with sharp resonances. By cascading two slightly detuned resonators and providing an additional route for resonator interaction (i.e., a second bus waveguide), a response reminiscent of EIT is observed. The EIT transmission peak can be shaped by means of resonator detuning and interelement separation. Importantly, the respective Q can become higher than that of the single-resonator structure. Thus, the possibility of exploiting this peak in switching applications relying on the thermo-optic effect is, finally, assessed.

Novel Feshbach resonances in a ^40K spin-mixture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Walraven, J. T. M.; Ludewig, A.; Tiecke, T. G.

2010-03-01

We present experimental results on novel s-wave Feshbach resonances in ^40K spin-mixtures. Using an extended version of the Asymptotic Bound-state Model (ABM) [1] we predict Feshbach resonances with more promising characteristics than the commonly used resonances in the (|F,mF>) |9/2,-9/2>+|9/2,-7/2> and |9/2,-9/2>+|9/2,-5/2> spin mixtures. We report on an s-wave resonance in the |9/2,-5/2>+|9/2,-3/2> mixture. We have experimentally observed the corresponding loss-feature at B0˜178 G with a width of ˜10G. This resonance is promising due to its large predicted width and the absence of an overlapping p-wave resonance. We present our recent results on measurements of the resonance width and the stability of the system around this and other observed s-wave and p-wave resonances. [4pt] [1] T.G. Tiecke, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 053202 (2010).

Defect-mediated resonance shift of silicon-on-insulator racetrack resonators.

PubMed

Ackert, J J; Doylend, J K; Logan, D F; Jessop, P E; Vafaei, R; Chrostowski, L; Knights, A P

2011-06-20

We present a study on the effects of inert ion implantation of Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) racetrack resonators. Selective ion implantation was used to create deep-level defects within a portion of the resonator. The resonant wavelength and round-trip loss were deduced for a range of sequential post-implantation annealing temperatures from 100 to 300 °C. As the devices were annealed there was a concomitant change in the resonance wavelength, consistent with an increase in refractive index following implantation and recovery toward the pre-implanted value. A total shift in resonance wavelength of ~2.9 nm was achieved, equivalent to a 0.02 increase in refractive index. The excess loss upon implantation increased to 301 dB/cm and was reduced to 35 dB/cm following thermal annealing. In addition to providing valuable data for those incorporating defects within resonant structures, we suggest that these results present a method for permanent tuning (or trimming) of ring resonator characteristics.

Investigations on an electroactive polymer based tunable Helmholtz resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abbad, A.; Rabenorosoa, K.; Ouisse, M.; Atalla, N.

2017-04-01

A Helmholtz resonator is a passive acoustic resonator classically used to control a single frequency resulting from the cavity volume and the resonator neck size. The aim of the proposed study is to present a new concept and strategy allowing real-time tunability of the Helmholtz resonator in order to enhance acoustic absorption performances at low frequencies (< 500 Hz). The proposed concept consists in replacing the resonator rigid front plate by an electroactive polymer (EAP) membrane. The first proposed strategy consists on a change in the mechanical properties of the membrane resulting from the applied electric field. This induces a resonance frequency shift. A second strategy is based on a well-located spring, which could direct the membrane deformation following the axis of the resonator to obtain a cavity volume variation. Both strategies allow variation of the resonance frequency of the device. Experimental measurements are performed to determine the potential of this concept for improvement of low-frequency performances of the acoustic devices.

A time domain based method for the accurate measurement of Q-factor and resonance frequency of microwave resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gyüre, B.; Márkus, B. G.; Bernáth, B.

2015-09-15

We present a novel method to determine the resonant frequency and quality factor of microwave resonators which is faster, more stable, and conceptually simpler than the yet existing techniques. The microwave resonator is pumped with the microwave radiation at a frequency away from its resonance. It then emits an exponentially decaying radiation at its eigen-frequency when the excitation is rapidly switched off. The emitted microwave signal is down-converted with a microwave mixer, digitized, and its Fourier transformation (FT) directly yields the resonance curve in a single shot. Being a FT based method, this technique possesses the Fellgett (multiplex) and Connesmore » (accuracy) advantages and it conceptually mimics that of pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance. We also establish a novel benchmark to compare accuracy of the different approaches of microwave resonator measurements. This shows that the present method has similar accuracy to the existing ones, which are based on sweeping or modulating the frequency of the microwave radiation.« less

High-Q lattice mode matched structural resonances in terahertz metasurfaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Xu, Ningning; Zhang, Weili, E-mail: weili.zhang@okstate.edu; Singh, Ranjan, E-mail: ranjans@ntu.edu.sg

2016-07-11

The quality (Q) factor of metamaterial resonances is limited by the radiative and non-radiative losses. At terahertz frequencies, the dominant loss channel is radiative in nature since the non-radiative losses are low due to high conductivity of metals. Radiative losses could be suppressed by engineering the meta-atom structure. However, such suppression usually occurs at the fundamental resonance mode which is typically a closed mode resonance such as an inductive-capacitive resonance or a Fano resonance. Here, we report an order of magnitude enhancement in Q factor of all the structural eigenresonances of a split-ring resonator fueled by the lattice mode matching.more » We match the fundamental order diffractive mode to each of the odd and even eigenresonances, thus leading to a tremendous line-narrowing of all the resonances. Such precise tailoring and control of the structural resonances in a metasurface lattice could have potential applications in low-loss devices, sensing, and design of high-Q metamaterial cavities.« less

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

MedlinePlus

... specific information about your own examination. What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? What is MRI used for? How safe ... What is the MRI examination like? What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, is a ...

Characteristics of unstable resonators in flashlamp-pumped organic-compound lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alekseyev, V. A.; Trinchuk, B. F.; Shulenin, A. V.

1985-01-01

A symmetrical confocal resonator formed by two blind convex mirrors was investigated. The space energy characteristics of radiation from a laser with an unstable resonator were investigated as a function of the specific pumping energy per cubic centimeter of active medium and the magnification of the resonator. Oscillograms of laser pulses were recorded in different cross sections of the laser beam, as were the lasing field patterns at various distances from the exit mirror of the resonator. The maximum spectral wavelengths of flat and unstable resonators were tabulated. It was found that the proper choice of parameters of an unstable resonator reduces laser beam divergence significantly and provides greater axial brightness of radiation than that provided by a flat resonator, even with a highly nonhomogeneous active medium, making it possible to extend the capabilities of flashlamp pumped organic compound lasers.

Travelling wave resonators fabricated with low-loss hydrogenated amorphous silicon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lipka, Timo; Amthor, Julia; Trieu, Hoc Khiem; Müller, Jörg

2013-05-01

Low-loss hydrogenated amorphous silicon is employed for the fabrication of various planar integrated travelling wave resonators. Microring, racetrack, and disk resonators of different dimensions were fabricated with CMOS-compatible processes and systematically investigated. The key properties of notch filter ring resonators as extinction ratio, Q-factor, free spectral range, and the group refractive index were determined for resonators of varying radius, thereby achieving critically coupled photonic systems with high extinction ratios of about 20 dB for both polarizations. Racetrack resonators that are arranged in add/drop configuration and high quality factor microdisk resonators were optically characterized, with the microdisks exhibiting Q-factors of greater than 100000. Four-channel add/drop wavelength-division multiplexing filters that are based on cascaded racetrack resonators are studied. The design, the fabrication, and the optical characterization are presented.

Ultra-small v-shaped gold split ring resonators for biosensing using fundamental magnetic resonance in the visible spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mauluidy Soehartono, Alana; Mueller, Aaron David; Tobing, Landobasa Yosef Mario; Chan, Kok Ken; Zhang, Dao Hua; Yong, Ken-Tye

2017-10-01

Strong light localization within metal nanostructures occurs by collective oscillations of plasmons in the form of electric and magnetic resonances. This so-called localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has gained much interest in the development of low-cost sensing platforms in the visible spectrum. However, demonstrations of LSPR-based sensing are mostly limited to electric resonances due to the technological limitations for achieving magnetic resonances in the visible spectrum. In this work, we report the first demonstration of LSPR sensing based on fundamental magnetic resonance in the visible spectrum using ultrasmall gold v-shaped split ring resonators. Specifically, we show the ability for detecting adsorption of bovine serum albumin and cytochrome c biomolecules at monolayer levels, and the selective binding of protein A/G to immunoglobulin G.

Optically transduced MEMS magnetometer

DOEpatents

Nielson, Gregory N; Langlois, Eric

2014-03-18

MEMS magnetometers with optically transduced resonator displacement are described herein. Improved sensitivity, crosstalk reduction, and extended dynamic range may be achieved with devices including a deflectable resonator suspended from the support, a first grating extending from the support and disposed over the resonator, a pair of drive electrodes to drive an alternating current through the resonator, and a second grating in the resonator overlapping the first grating to form a multi-layer grating having apertures that vary dimensionally in response to deflection occurring as the resonator mechanically resonates in a plane parallel to the first grating in the presence of a magnetic field as a function of the Lorentz force resulting from the alternating current. A plurality of such multi-layer gratings may be disposed across a length of the resonator to provide greater dynamic range and/or accommodate fabrication tolerances.

White-Light Whispering-Gallery-Mode Optical Resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey; Savchenkov, Anatoliy; Maleki, Lute

2006-01-01

Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators can be designed to exhibit continuous spectra over wide wavelength bands (in effect, white-light spectra), with ultrahigh values of the resonance quality factor (Q) that are nearly independent of frequency. White-light WGM resonators have potential as superior alternatives to (1) larger, conventional optical resonators in ring-down spectroscopy, and (2) optical-resonator/electro-optical-modulator structures used in coupling of microwave and optical signals in atomic clocks. In these and other potential applications, the use of white-light WGM resonators makes it possible to relax the requirement of high-frequency stability of lasers, thereby enabling the use of cheaper lasers. In designing a white-light WGM resonator, one exploits the fact that the density of the mode spectrum increases predictably with the thickness of the resonator disk. By making the resonator disk sufficiently thick, one can make the frequency differences between adjacent modes significantly less than the spectral width of a single mode, so that the spectral peaks of adjacent modes overlap, making the resonator spectrum essentially continuous. Moreover, inasmuch as the Q values of the various modes are determined primarily by surface Rayleigh scattering that does not depend on mode numbers, all the modes have nearly equal Q. By use of a proper coupling technique, one can ensure excitation of a majority of the modes. For an experimental demonstration of a white-light WGM resonator, a resonator disk 0.5-mm thick and 5 mm in diameter was made from CaF2. The shape of the resonator and the fiberoptic coupling arrangement were as shown in Figure 1. The resonator was excited with laser light having a wavelength of 1,320 nm and a spectral width of 4 kHz. The coupling efficiency exceeded 80 percent at any frequency to which the laser could be set in its tuning range, which was >100-GHz wide. The resonator response was characterized by means of ring-down tests in which the excitation was interrupted by a shutter having a rise and a fall time of 5 ns. The ring-down time of photodiodes and associated circuitry used to measure the interrupted excitation and the resonator output was <1 ns. Figure 2 shows the shapes of representative input and output light pulses. The average ring-down time was found to be 120 ns, corresponding to Q=2x10(exp 8). The variations of Q with the laser carrier frequency were found to be <5 percent. Hence, the resonator was shown to have the desired white light properties.

Optical resonator and laser applications

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Taghavi-Larigani, Shervin (Inventor); Vanzyl, Jakob J. (Inventor); Yariv, Amnon (Inventor)

2006-01-01

The invention discloses a semi-ring Fabry-Perot (SRFP) optical resonator structure comprising a medium including an edge forming a reflective facet and a waveguide within the medium, the waveguide having opposing ends formed by the reflective facet. The performance of the SRFP resonator can be further enhanced by including a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the waveguide on one side of the gain medium. The optical resonator can be employed in a variety of optical devices. Laser structures using at least one SRFP resonator are disclosed where the resonators are disposed on opposite sides of a gain medium. Other laser structures employing one or more resonators on one side of a gain region are also disclosed.

Magnetic Fano resonances by design in symmetry broken THz meta-foils

PubMed Central

Wu, Jianfeng; Moser, Herbert O.; Li, Rujiang; Yang, Yihao; Jing, Liqiao; Chen, Hongsheng; Breese, Mark B. H.

2017-01-01

Magnetic Fano resonances in there-dimensional symmetry broken meta-foils at THz frequencies are theoretically and experimentally studied. Sharp Fano resonances occur due to the interference between different resonances and can be designed by choosing geometric parameters of the meta-foil. At the Fano resonances, the meta-foil supports antisymmetric modes, whereas, at the main resonance, only a symmetric mode exists. The meta-foil is left-handed at the Fano resonances and shows sharp peaks of the real part of the refractive index in transmission with small effective losses opening a way to very sensitive high-speed sensing of dielectric changes in the surrounding media and of mechanical configuration. PMID:28150797

Waveguide-loaded silica fibers for coupling to high-index micro-resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Latawiec, P.; Burek, M. J.; Venkataraman, V.; Lončar, M.

2016-01-01

Tapered silica fibers are often used to rapidly probe the optical properties of micro-resonators. However, their low refractive index precludes phase-matching when coupling to high-index micro-resonators, reducing efficiency. Here, we demonstrate efficient optical coupling from tapered fibers to high-index micro-resonators by loading the fibers with an ancillary adiabatic waveguide-coupler fabricated via angled-etching. We demonstrate greatly enhanced coupling to a silicon multimode micro-resonator when compared to coupling via the bare fiber only. Signatures of resonator optical bistability are observed at high powers. This scheme can be applied to resonators of any size and material, increasing the functional scope of fiber coupling.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huang X. R.; Siddons D.; Macrander, A.T.

Realization of x-ray Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance in back-Bragg-reflection crystal cavities has been proposed and explored for many years, but to date no satisfactory performance has been achieved. Here we show that single-cavity crystal resonators intrinsically have limited finesse and efficiency. To break this limit, we demonstrate that monolithic multicavity resonators with equal-width cavities and specific plate thickness ratios can generate ultrahigh-resolution FP resonance with high efficiency, steep peak tails, and ultrahigh contrast simultaneously. The resonance mechanism is similar to that of sequentially cascaded single-cavity resonators. The ultranarrow-bandwidth FP resonance is anticipated to have various applications, including modern ultrahigh-resolution or precisionmore » x-ray monochromatization, spectroscopy, coherence purification, coherent diffraction, phase contrast imaging, etc.« less

On the lunar node resonance of the orbital plane evolution of the Earth's satellite orbits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Ting-Lei

2018-06-01

This paper aims to investigate the effects of lunar node resonance on the circular medium Earth orbits (MEO). The dynamical model is established in classical Hamiltonian systems with the application of Lie transform to remove the non-resonant terms. Resonant condition, stability and phase structures are studied. The lunar node resonance occurs when the secular changing rates of the orbital node (with respect to the equator) and the lunar node (with respect to the ecliptic) form a simple integer ratio. The resonant conditions are satisfied for both inclined and equatorial orbits. The orbital plane would have long period (with typical timescales of several centuries) fluctuation due to the resonance.

Generation of tunable double Fano resonances by plasmon hybridization in graphene–metal metamaterial

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Zhendong; Qian, Lina; Zhan, Peng; Wang, Zhenlin

2018-07-01

We proposed the excitation of double Fano resonances by the destructive interference between the narrow electric symmetric/antisymmetric resonant modes formed by plasmon hybridization and a broad magnetic dipole resonance in a novel hybrid metamaterial composed of periodically patterned stacked graphene–ribbon pairs and gold split-ring resonators. The double Fano transparency windows in this hybrid metamaterial can be actively controlled by tuning the Fermi energy of graphene through the use of electric gating and its electronic mobility. Our designed dual Fano resonances exhibit a large group index associated with the resonance response in the transparency windows, suggesting promising applications in nanophotonics, such as a slow light device.

System and method for regulating resonant inverters

DOEpatents

Stevanovic, Ljubisa Dragoljub [Clifton Park, NY; Zane, Regan Andrew [Superior, CO

2007-08-28

A technique is provided for direct digital phase control of resonant inverters based on sensing of one or more parameters of the resonant inverter. The resonant inverter control system includes a switching circuit for applying power signals to the resonant inverter and a sensor for sensing one or more parameters of the resonant inverter. The one or more parameters are representative of a phase angle. The resonant inverter control system also includes a comparator for comparing the one or more parameters to a reference value and a digital controller for determining timing of the one or more parameters and for regulating operation of the switching circuit based upon the timing of the one or more parameters.

Graded-index whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode optical resonators which have spatially-graded refractive indices. In one implementation, the refractive index spatially increases with a distance from an exterior surface of such a resonator towards an interior of the resonator to produce substantially equal spectral separations for different whispering gallery modes. An optical coupler may be used with such a resonator to provide proper optical coupling.

Single crystal micromechanical resonator and fabrication methods thereof

DOEpatents

Olsson, Roy H.; Friedmann, Thomas A.; Homeijer, Sara Jensen; Wiwi, Michael; Hattar, Khalid Mikhiel; Clark, Blythe; Bauer, Todd; Van Deusen, Stuart B.

2016-12-20

The present invention relates to a single crystal micromechanical resonator. In particular, the resonator includes a lithium niobate or lithium tantalate suspended plate. Also provided are improved microfabrication methods of making resonators, which does not rely on complicated wafer bonding, layer fracturing, and mechanical polishing steps. Rather, the methods allow the resonator and its components to be formed from a single crystal.

Applications and Methods of Operating a Three-dimensional Nano-electro-mechanical Resonator and Related Devices

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kaul, Anupama B. (Inventor); Epp, Larry W. (Inventor); Bagge, Leif (Inventor)

2013-01-01

Carbon nanofiber resonator devices, methods for use, and applications of said devices are disclosed. Carbon nanofiber resonator devices can be utilized in or as high Q resonators. Resonant frequency of these devices is a function of configuration of various conducting components within these devices. Such devices can find use, for example, in filtering and chemical detection.

A New Look at an Old Activity: Resonance Tubes Used to Teach Resonance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelson, Jim; Nelson, Jane

2017-01-01

There are several variations of resonance laboratory activities used to determine the speed of sound. This is "not" one of them. This activity uses the resonance tube idea to teach "resonance," not to verify the speed of sound. Prior to this activity, the speed of sound has already been measured using computer sound-sensors and…

Development and testing of cabin sidewall acoustic resonators for the reduction of cabin tone levels in propfan-powered aircraft

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kuntz, H. L.; Gatineau, R. J.; Prydz, R. A.; Balena, F. J.

1991-01-01

The use of Helmholtz resonators to increase the sidewall transmission loss (TL) in aircraft cabin sidewalls is evaluated. Development, construction, and test of an aircraft cabin acoustic enclosure, built in support of the Propfan Test Assessment (PTA) program, is described. Laboratory and flight test results are discussed. Resonators (448) were located between the enclosure trim panels and the fuselage shell. In addition, 152 resonators were placed between the enclosure and aircraft floors. The 600 resonators were each tuned to a propfan fundamental blade passage frequency (235 Hz). After flight testing on the PTA aircraft, noise reduction (NR) tests were performed with the enclosure in the Kelly Johnson Research and Development Center Acoustics Laboratory. Broadband and tonal excitations were used in the laboratory. Tonal excitation simulated the propfan flight test excitation. The resonators increase the NR of the cabin walls around the resonance frequency of the resonator array. Increases in NR of up to 11 dB were measured. The effects of flanking, sidewall absorption, cabin absorption, resonator loading of trim panels, and panel vibrations are presented. Resonator and sidewall panel design and test are discussed.

Above-threshold scattering about a Feshbach resonance for ultracold atoms in an optical collider.

PubMed

Horvath, Milena S J; Thomas, Ryan; Tiesinga, Eite; Deb, Amita B; Kjærgaard, Niels

2017-09-06

Ultracold atomic gases have realized numerous paradigms of condensed matter physics, where control over interactions has crucially been afforded by tunable Feshbach resonances. So far, the characterization of these Feshbach resonances has almost exclusively relied on experiments in the threshold regime near zero energy. Here, we use a laser-based collider to probe a narrow magnetic Feshbach resonance of rubidium above threshold. By measuring the overall atomic loss from colliding clouds as a function of magnetic field, we track the energy-dependent resonance position. At higher energy, our collider scheme broadens the loss feature, making the identification of the narrow resonance challenging. However, we observe that the collisions give rise to shifts in the center-of-mass positions of outgoing clouds. The shifts cross zero at the resonance and this allows us to accurately determine its location well above threshold. Our inferred resonance positions are in excellent agreement with theory.Studies on energy-dependent scattering of ultracold atoms were previously carried out near zero collision energies. Here, the authors observe a magnetic Feshbach resonance in ultracold Rb collisions for above-threshold energies and their method can also be used to detect higher partial wave resonances.

Sensitivity optimization in whispering gallery mode optical cylindrical biosensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khozeymeh, F.; Razaghi, M.

2018-01-01

Whispering-gallery-mode resonances propagated in cylindrical resonators have two angular and radial orders of l and i. In this work, the higher radial order whispering-gallery-mode resonances, (i = 1 - 4), at a fixed l are examined. The sensitivity of theses resonances is analysed as a function of the structural parameters of the cylindrical resonator like different radii and refractive index of composed material of the resonator. A practical application where cylindrical resonators are used for the measurement of glucose concentration in water is presented as a biosensor demonstrator. We calculate the wavelength shifts of the WG1-4, in several glucose/water solutions, with concentrations spanning from 0.0% to 9.0.% (weight/weight). Improved sensitivity can be achieved using multi-WGM cylindrical resonators with radius of R = 100 μm and resonator composed material of MgF 2 with refractive index of nc = 1.38. Also the effect of polarization on sensitivity is considered for all four WGMs. The best sensitivity of 83.07 nm/RIU for the fourth WGM with transverse magnetic polarization, is reported. These results propose optimized parameters aimed to fast designing of cylindrical resonators as optical biosensors, where both the sensitivity and the geometries can be optimized.

Wideband Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity and an Adjustable Notched-band Adopting a Multi-mode Resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Xing-Bing; Jiang, Ting

2018-04-01

A wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with an adjustable notched-band and high selectivity is proposed. The proposed BPF consists of a multi-mode resonator (MMR), two λ/2 resonators, and I/O feed lines with 50 ohm characteristic impedance. The MMR, connected as a whole by a wide stub, is composed of one I-shaped resonator and two open-loop resonators. Tightly coupling is built between MMR and λ/2 resonators. I/O feed lines are directly connected with two λ/2 resonators, respectively. Due to the use of tapped-line coupling, one transmission zero (TZ) is formed near low-edge of aim passband. High-edge of passband with one attendant TZ can be tuned to desired location by adjusting bottom-side position of used wide stub or bottom-side length of I-shaped resonator in MMR. The top-side length of I-shaped resonator is applied to improve upper stopband performance and shift undesired resonant mode of MMR near high-edge of aim passband to proper frequency point. The notched-band in aim passband is dominated by top-side position of wide stub in MMR. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.

Improvement of 19F MR image uniformity in a mouse model of cellular therapy using inductive coupling.

PubMed

Park, Bu S; Ma, Ge; Koch, William T; Rajan, Sunder S; Mastromanolis, Manuel; Lam, Johnny; Sung, Kyung; McCright, Brent

2018-06-15

Improve 19 F magnetic resonance imaging uniformity of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-labeled cells by using a secondary inductive resonator tuned to 287 MHz to enhance the induced radio frequency (RF) magnetic field (B 1 ) at 7.05 T. Following Faraday's induction law, the sign of induced B 1 made by the secondary resonator can be changed depending on the tuning of the resonator. A secondary resonator located on the opposite side of the phantom of the 19 F surface coil can be shown to enhance or subtract the induced B 1 field, depending upon its tuning. The numerical simulation results of rotating transmit B 1 magnitude (|B 1 + |) and corresponding experimental 19 F images were compared without and with the secondary resonator. With the secondary resonator tuned to 287 MHz, improvements of |B 1 + | and 19 F image uniformity were demonstrated. The use of the secondary resonator improved our ability to visualize transplanted cell location non-invasively over a period of 6 weeks. The secondary resonator tuned to enhance the induced B 1 results in improved image uniformity in a pre-clinical application, enabling cell tracking of PFC-labeled cells with the secondary resonator.

Two objects in Neptune's 9:1 resonance -- implications for resonance sticking in the scattering population

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Volk, Kathryn; Murray-Clay, Ruth; Gladman, Brett; Lawler, Samantha; Yu, Tze Yeung Mathew; Alexandersen, Mike; Bannister, Michele; Chen, Ying-Yung; Dawson, Rebekah; Greenstreet, Sarah; Gwyn, Stephen; Kavelaars, J. J.; Lin, Hsing Wen; Lykawka, Patryk; Petit, Jean-Marc

2018-04-01

We discuss the detection in the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) of two objects in Neptune's distant 9:1 mean motion resonance at semimajor axis a≈130 au. Both objects are securely resonant on 10 Myr timescales, with one securely in the 9:1 resonance's leading asymmetric libration island and the other in either the symmetric or trailing asymmetric island. These two objects are the largest semimajor axis objects known with secure resonant classifications, and their detection in a carefully characterized survey allows for the first robust population estimate for a resonance beyond 100 au. The detection of these two objects implies a population in the 9:1 resonance of 1.1×104 objects with Hr<8.66 (D > 100 km) on similar orbits, with 95% confidence range of ∼0.4‑3×104. Integrations over 4 Gyr of an ensemble of clones chosen from within the orbit fit uncertainties for these objects reveal that they both have median resonance occupation timescales of ∼1 Gyr. These timescales are consistent with the hypothesis that these two objects originate in the scattering population but became transiently stuck to Neptune's 9:1 resonance within the last ∼1 Gyr of solar system evolution. Based on simulations of a model of the current scattering population, we estimate the expected resonance sticking population in the 9:1 resonance to be 1000--5000 objects with Hr<8.66 this is marginally consistent with the OSSOS 9:1 population estimate. We conclude that resonance sticking is a plausible explanation for the observed 9:1 population, but we also discuss the possibility of a primordial 9:1 population, which would have interesting implications for the Kuiper belt's dynamical history.

Optical Analysis of Grazing Incidence Ring Resonators for Free-Electron Lasers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gabardi, David Richard

1990-08-01

The design of resonators for free-electron lasers (FELs) which are to operate in the soft x-ray/vacuum ultraviolet (XUV) region of the spectrum is complicated by the fact that, in this wavelength regime, normal incidence mirrors, which would otherwise be used for the construction of the resonators, generally have insufficient reflectivities for this purpose. However, the use of grazing incidence mirrors in XUV resonators offers the possibility of (1) providing sufficient reflectivity, (2) a lessening of the mirrors' thermal loads due to the projection of the laser beam onto an oblique surface, and (3) the preservation of the FEL's tunability. In this work, the behavior of resonators employing grazing incidence mirrors in ring type configurations is explored. In particular, two designs, each utilizing four off-axis conic mirrors and a number of flats, are examined. In order to specify the location, orientation, and surface parameters for the mirrors in these resonators, a design algorithm has been developed based upon the properties of Gaussian beam propagation. Two computer simulation methods are used to perform a vacuum stability analysis of the two resonator designs. The first method uses paraxial ray trace techniques with the resonators' thin lens analogues while the second uses the diffraction-based computer simulation code GLAD (General Laser Analysis and Design). The effects of mirror tilts and deviations in the mirror surface parameters are investigated for a number of resonators designed to propagate laser beams of various Rayleigh ranges. It will be shown that resonator stability decreases as the laser wavelength for which the resonator was designed is made smaller. In addition, resonator stability will also be seen to decrease as the amount of magnification the laser beam receives as it travels around the resonator is increased.

Merging mechanical and electromechanical bandgaps in locally resonant metamaterials and metastructures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugino, C.; Ruzzene, M.; Erturk, A.

2018-07-01

Locally resonant metamaterials are characterized by bandgaps at wavelengths much larger than the lattice size. Such locally resonant bandgaps can be formed using mechanical or electromechanical resonators. However, the nature of bandgap formation in mechanical and electromechanical (particularly piezoelectric) metamaterials is fundamentally different since the former is associated with a dynamic modal mass, while the latter is due to a dynamic modal stiffness. Next-generation metamaterials and resulting metastructures (i.e. finite configurations with specified boundary conditions) hosting mechanical resonators as well as piezoelectric interfaces connected to resonating circuits can enable the formation of two bandgaps, right above and below the design frequency of the mechanical and electrical resonators, respectively, yielding a wider bandgap and enhanced design flexibility as compared to using a purely mechanical, or a purely electromechanical configuration. In this work, we establish a fully coupled framework for hybrid mechanical-electromechanical metamaterials and finite metastructures. Combined bandgap size is approximated in closed form as a function of the added mass ratio of the resonators and the system-level electromechanical coupling for the infinite resonators approximation. Case studies are presented for a hybrid metamaterial cantilever under bending vibration to understand the interaction of these two locally resonant metamaterial domains in bandgap formation. Specifically, it is shown that the mechanical and electromechanical bandgaps do not fully merge for a finite number of resonators in an undamped setting. However, the presence of even light damping in the resonators suppresses the intermediate resonances emerging within the combined bandgap, enabling seamless merging of the two bandgaps in real-world structures that have damping. The overall concept of combining mechanical and electromechanical bandgaps in the same single metastructure can be leveraged in more complex topologies of piezoelectric metamaterial-based solids and structures.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Dynamic Pelvic Floor

MedlinePlus

... Site Index A-Z Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) – Dynamic Pelvic Floor Dynamic pelvic floor magnetic resonance imaging ( ... the limitations of pelvic floor MRI? What is dynamic pelvic floor MRI? Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is ...

Sound attenuations of axial fan blade tones using flow-driven tunable resonator arrays

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gorny, Lee James

Flow-excited, tunable quarter-wavelength resonators can be integrated into the shrouds of ducted subsonic axial fans. This study explores their effectiveness in reducing propagations of tonal noise by means of acoustic wave cancellation. Resonators are a non-intrusive method of generating a secondary sound field near the plane of a rotor. As they can be strategically tuned to reduce radiated noise at the blade passage frequency (BPF) and its harmonics, resonators can be useful for a variety of applications to quiet existing and future turbomachinery. Experiments have demonstrated that a single quarter wave resonator is effective in reducing unidirectional plane wave propagations for long wavelength ducted applications while an array is effective for shorter wavelength or un-ducted facilities where shrouded fans are used. Testing conducted at Center for Acoustics and Vibrations (CAV) at the Pennsylvania State University the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt (DLR) in Berlin, Germany demonstrated that resonator arrays were effective in attenuating shorter wavelength plane-wave and higher order modal propagations of blade tone noise. A chiller fan enclosure, constructed in the CAV laboratory emulated an industrial chiller in its operation. Using this facility, resonators were observed to attenuate blade tone noise from a non-ideal ducted geometry. The approaches used in this study evolved from Helmholtz resonators to conventional quarter wave tubes, to mouth tunable resonators, and finally to back-wall tunable resonators. These developments in tuning allowed for independent control of a resonator's magnitude and phase of the secondary sound field produced by the resonators. It was demonstrated that the use of two tunable resonator chambers oriented axially on either side of the blade region enables a dipole-like secondary sound field to be passively generated and bi-directional attenuations of plane wave noise to be achieved. Tonal attenuations of 28 dB were attained and BPF tones were reduced to less than 5 dB from the broadband noise floor for each case discussed above. In parallel with experimental work, analytical models were developed to effectively model and predict optimal resonator configurations for a given fan in operation. Interactions between resonators and the driving pressure field from the rotor blades are modeled using transmission line (TL) theory. Blade tone acoustic pressure is obtained using a finite element method (FEM) propagation code. By combining of these two methods, a resonator configuration that achieves optimal attenuation can be numerically obtained. The use of resonators has been shown to significantly attenuate fan noise in the conditions explored in the considered experiments. Numerical modeling has shown consistency in the response of flow driven resonators and their. These results indicate a strong potential for active control of fan noise using resonators and an approach to applying this control is presented.

Design of a dielectric resonator receive array at 7 Tesla using detunable ceramic resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ruytenberg, Thomas; Webb, Andrew G.

2017-11-01

Ceramic-based dielectric resonators can be used for high frequency magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy. When used as elements in a transmit array, the intrinsically low inter-element coupling allows flexibility in designing different geometric arrangements for different regions-of-interest. However, without being able to detune such resonators, they cannot be used as elements in a receive-only array. Here, we propose and implement a method, based on mode-disruption, for detuning ceramic-based dielectric resonators to enable them to be used as receive-only elements.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mitrofanov, Oleg; Han, Zhanghua; Ding, Fei

(THz) plasmonic double-metal resonators enable enhanced light-matter coupling by utilizing strong localization of the resonant field. The closed resonator design however restricts investigations of the light-matter interaction effects. We propose and demonstrate a method for spatial mapping and spectroscopic analysis of the internal resonant THz fields in plasmonic double-metal THz resonators. We use the aperture-type scanning near-field THz time-domain microscopy and the concept of image charges to probe the THz fields confined within the resonator. The experimental method opens doors to studies of light-matter coupling in deeply sub-wavelength volumes at THz frequencies.

Tunable cavity resonator including a plurality of MEMS beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peroulis, Dimitrios; Fruehling, Adam; Small, Joshua Azariah

A tunable cavity resonator includes a substrate, a cap structure, and a tuning assembly. The cap structure extends from the substrate, and at least one of the substrate and the cap structure defines a resonator cavity. The tuning assembly is positioned at least partially within the resonator cavity. The tuning assembly includes a plurality of fixed-fixed MEMS beams configured for controllable movement relative to the substrate between an activated position and a deactivated position in order to tune a resonant frequency of the tunable cavity resonator.

Injection-controlled laser resonator

DOEpatents

Chang, J.J.

1995-07-18

A new injection-controlled laser resonator incorporates self-filtering and self-imaging characteristics with an efficient injection scheme. A low-divergence laser signal is injected into the resonator, which enables the injection signal to be converted to the desired resonator modes before the main laser pulse starts. This injection technique and resonator design enable the laser cavity to improve the quality of the injection signal through self-filtering before the main laser pulse starts. The self-imaging property of the present resonator reduces the cavity induced diffraction effects and, in turn, improves the laser beam quality. 5 figs.

Injection-controlled laser resonator

DOEpatents

Chang, Jim J.

1995-07-18

A new injection-controlled laser resonator incorporates self-filtering and self-imaging characteristics with an efficient injection scheme. A low-divergence laser signal is injected into the resonator, which enables the injection signal to be converted to the desired resonator modes before the main laser pulse starts. This injection technique and resonator design enable the laser cavity to improve the quality of the injection signal through self-filtering before the main laser pulse starts. The self-imaging property of the present resonator reduces the cavity induced diffraction effects and, in turn, improves the laser beam quality.

Measurement of optical Feshbach resonances in an ideal gas.

PubMed

Blatt, S; Nicholson, T L; Bloom, B J; Williams, J R; Thomsen, J W; Julienne, P S; Ye, J

2011-08-12

Using a narrow intercombination line in alkaline earth atoms to mitigate large inelastic losses, we explore the optical Feshbach resonance effect in an ultracold gas of bosonic (88)Sr. A systematic measurement of three resonances allows precise determinations of the optical Feshbach resonance strength and scaling law, in agreement with coupled-channel theory. Resonant enhancement of the complex scattering length leads to thermalization mediated by elastic and inelastic collisions in an otherwise ideal gas. Optical Feshbach resonance could be used to control atomic interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Fabrication and characterization of a CNT forest integrated micromechanical resonator for a rarefied gas analyzer in a medium vacuum atmosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugano, Koji; Matsumoto, Ryu; Tsutsui, Ryota; Kishihara, Hiroyuki; Matsuzuka, Naoki; Yamashita, Ichiro; Uraoka, Yukiharu; Isono, Yoshitada

2016-07-01

This study focuses on the development of a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) forest integrated micromechanical resonator working as a rarefied gas analyzer for nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gases in a medium vacuum atmosphere. The resonant response is detected in the form of changes in the resonant frequency or damping effects, depending on the rarefied gas species. The carbon nanotube (CNT) forest on the resonator enhances the effective specific surface area of the resonator, such that the variation of the resonant frequency and the damping effect based on the gas species increase significantly. We developed the fabrication process for the proposed resonator, which consists of standard micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) processes and high-density CNT synthesis on the resonator mass. The high-density CNT synthesis was realized using multistep alternate coating of two types of ferritin proteins that act as catalytic iron particles. Two devices with different CNT densities were fabricated and characterized to evaluate the effect of the surface area of the CNT forest on the resonant response as a function of gas pressures ranging from 0.011 to 1 Pa for N2 and H2. Considering the damping effect, we found that the device with higher density was able to distinguish N2 and H2 clearly, whereas the device with lower density showed no difference between N2 and H2. We confirmed that a larger surface area showed a higher damping effect. These results were explained based on the kinetic theory of gases. In the case of resonant frequency, the relative resonant frequency shift increased with gas pressure and surface area because of the adsorption of gas molecules on the resonator surfaces. Higher density CNT forest adsorbed more gas molecules on the surfaces. The developed CNT forest integrated micromechanical resonator could successfully detect N2 and H2 gases and distinguish between them under pressures of 1 Pa.

Geometry effects on cooling in a standing wave cylindrical thermoacousic resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mohd-Ghazali, Normah; Ghazali, Ahmad Dairobi; Ali, Irwan Shah; Rahman, Muhammad Aminullah A.

2012-06-01

Numerous reports have established the refrigeration applications of thermoacoustic cooling without compressors and refrigerants. Significant cooling effects can be obtained in a thermoacoustic resonator fitted with a heat exchanging stack and operated at resonance frequency. Past studies, however, have hardly referred to the fundamental relationship between resonant frequency and the resonator geometry. This paper reports the thermoacoustic cooling effects at resonance obtained by changing the diameter of the resonator while holding the length constant and vice versa. Experiments were completed at atmospheric pressure with air as the working fluid using a number of pvc tubes having parallel plate stack from Mylar. The temperature difference measured across the stack showed that a volume increase in the working fluid in general increases the temperature gradient for the quarter-and half-wavelength resonators. Doubling the diameter from 30 mm to 60 mm produced the highest temperature difference due to the greater number of stack plates resulting in a higher overall thermoacaoustic cooling. Increasing the resonator length only produced a small increase in temperature gradient since the resonant frequency at operation is only slightly changed. Investigation on the aspect ratio exhibits no influence on the temperature difference across the stack. This study have shown that the resonator length and diameter do affect the temperature difference across the thermoacoustic stack, and further research should be done to consider the contribution of the stack mass on the overall desired thermoacoustic cooling.

High Resolution and Large Dynamic Range Resonant Pressure Sensor Based on Q-Factor Measurement

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gutierrez, Roman C. (Inventor); Stell, Christopher B. (Inventor); Tang, Tony K. (Inventor); Vorperian, Vatche (Inventor); Wilcox, Jaroslava (Inventor); Shcheglov, Kirill (Inventor); Kaiser, William J. (Inventor)

2000-01-01

A pressure sensor has a high degree of accuracy over a wide range of pressures. Using a pressure sensor relying upon resonant oscillations to determine pressure, a driving circuit drives such a pressure sensor at resonance and tracks resonant frequency and amplitude shifts with changes in pressure. Pressure changes affect the Q-factor of the resonating portion of the pressure sensor. Such Q-factor changes are detected by the driving/sensing circuit which in turn tracks the changes in resonant frequency to maintain the pressure sensor at resonance. Changes in the Q-factor are reflected in changes of amplitude of the resonating pressure sensor. In response, upon sensing the changes in the amplitude, the driving circuit changes the force or strength of the electrostatic driving signal to maintain the resonator at constant amplitude. The amplitude of the driving signals become a direct measure of the changes in pressure as the operating characteristics of the resonator give rise to a linear response curve for the amplitude of the driving signal. Pressure change resolution is on the order of 10(exp -6) torr over a range spanning from 7,600 torr to 10(exp -6) torr. No temperature compensation for the pressure sensor of the present invention is foreseen. Power requirements for the pressure sensor are generally minimal due to the low-loss mechanical design of the resonating pressure sensor and the simple control electronics.

Determination of the shear impedance of viscoelastic liquids using cylindrical piezoceramic resonators.

PubMed

Kiełczyński, Piotr; Pajewski, Wincenty; Szalewski, Marek

2003-03-01

In this paper, a new method for determining the rheological parameters of viscoelastic liquids is presented. To this end, we used the perturbation method applied to shear vibrations of cylindrical piezoceramic resonators. The resonator was viscoelastically loaded on the outer cylindrical surface. Due to this loading, the resonant frequency and quality factor of the resonator changed. According to the perturbation method, the change in the complex resonant frequency deltaomega = deltaomega(re) + jdeltaomega(im) is directly proportional to the specific acoustic impedance for cylindrical waves Zc of a viscoelastic liquid surrounding the resonator, i.e., deltaomega is approximately equal to jZc, where j = (-1)1/2. Hence, the measurement of the real and imaginary parts of the complex resonant frequency deltaomega determines the real part, Rc, and imaginary part, Xc, of the complex acoustic impedance for cylindrical waves Zc of an investigated liquid. Furthermore, the specific impedance ZL for plane waves was related to the specific impedance Zc for cylindrical waves. Using theoretical formulas established and the results of the experiments performed, the shear storage modulus mu and the viscosity eta for various liquids (e.g., epoxy resins) were determined. Moreover, the authors derived for cylindrical resonators a formula that relates the shift in resonant frequency to the viscosity of the liquid. This formula is analogous to the Kanazawa-Gordon formula that was derived for planar resonators and Newtonian liquids.

The weaker effects of First-order mean motion resonances in intermediate inclinations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, YuanYuan; Quillen, Alice C.; Ma, Yuehua; Chinese Scholar Council, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, the Minor Planet Foundation of the Purple Mountain Observatory

2017-10-01

During planetary migration, a planet or planetesimal can be captured into a low-order mean motion resonance with another planet. Using a second-order expansion of the disturbing function in eccentricity and inclination, we explore the sensitivity of the capture probability of first-order mean motion resonances to orbital inclination. We find that second-order inclination contributions affect the resonance strengths, reducing them at intermediate inclinations of around 10-40° for major first-order resonances. We also integrated the Hamilton's equations with arbitrary initial arguments, and provided the varying tendencies of resonance capture probabilities versus orbital inclinations for different resonances and different particle or planetary eccentricities. Resonance-weaker ranges in inclinations generally appear at the places where resonance strengths are low, around 10-40° in general. The weaker ranges disappear with a higher particle eccentricity (≳0.05) or planetary eccentricity (≳0.05). These resonance-weaker ranges in inclinations implies that intermediate-inclination objects are less likely to be disturbed or captured into the first-order resonances, which would make them entering into the chaotic area around Neptune with a larger fraction than those with low inclinations, during the epoch of Neptune's outward migration. The privilege of high-inclination particles leave them to be more likely captured into Neptune Trojans, which might be responsible for the unexpected high fraction of high-inclination Neptune Trojans.

Experimental realization of extraordinary acoustic transmission using Helmholtz resonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Crow, Brian C.; Cullen, Jordan M.; McKenzie, William W.

2015-02-15

The phenomenon of extraordinary acoustic transmission through a solid barrier with an embedded Helmholtz resonator (HR) is demonstrated. The Helmholtz resonator consists of an embedded cavity and two necks that protrude, one on each side of the barrier. Extraordinary transmission occurs for a narrow spectral range encompassing the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonator. We show that an amplitude transmission of 97.5% is achieved through a resonator whose neck creates an open area of 6.25% of the total barrier area. In addition to the enhanced transmission, we show that there is a smooth, continuous phase transition in the transmitted soundmore » as a function of frequency. The frequency dependent phase transition is used to experimentally realize slow wave propagation for a narrow-band Gaussian wave packet centered at the maximum transmission frequency. The use of parallel pairs of Helmholtz resonators tuned to different resonant frequencies is experimentally explored as a means of increasing the transmission bandwidth. These experiments show that because of the phase transition, there is always a frequency between the two Helmholtz resonant frequencies at which destructive interference occurs whether the resonances are close or far apart. Finally, we explain how the phase transition associated with Helmholtz-resonator-mediated extraordinary acoustic transmission can be exploited to produce diffractive acoustic components including sub-wavelength thickness acoustic lenses.« less

Nonlinear optical whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators comprising nonlinear optical materials, where the nonlinear optical material of a WGM resonator includes a plurality of sectors within the optical resonator and nonlinear coefficients of two adjacent sectors are oppositely poled.

Study on the radial vibration of a piezoelectric ceramic thin ring with an inner metal disc

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lin, Shuyu

2006-11-01

In this paper, a piezoelectric ceramic thin ring with an inner metal disc is studied. The radial vibrations of a metal thin disc and a piezoelectric ceramic thin ring are analysed. Their electro-mechanical equivalent circuits in radial vibration are obtained. Based on the electro-mechanical equivalent circuits and the radial boundary conditions, the composite electro-mechanical equivalent circuit of the combination of a piezoelectric ceramic thin ring and a metal disc is obtained and the resonance and anti-resonance frequency equations are derived. The relationship between the resonance frequency, the anti-resonance frequency, the effective electro-mechanical coupling coefficient and the geometrical dimensions is analysed. The resonance and anti-resonance frequencies are measured using the Agilent Precision Impedance Analyzer. It is illustrated that the measured radial resonance and anti-resonance frequencies are in good agreement with the theoretical results.

Lithium Niobate Whispering Gallery Resonators: Applications and Fundamental Studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maleki, L.; Matsko, A. B.

Optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are closed circulating electromagnetic waves undergoing total internal reflection inside an axio-symmetric body of a transparent dielectric that forms a resonator. Radiative losses are negligible in these modes if the radius of the resonator exceeds several tens of wavelengths, and surface scattering losses can be made small with surface conditioning techniques. Thus, the quality factor (Q) in crystalline WGM resonators is limited by material losses that are, nevertheless, extremely small in optical materials. WGM resonators made of LiNbO3 have been successfully used in optics and microwave photonics. The resonators are characterized by narrow bandwidth, in the hundred kilohertz to gigahertz range. A proper choice of highly transparent and/or nonlinear resonator material, like lithium niobate, allows for realization of a number of high performance devices: tunable and multi-pole filters, resonant electro-optic modulators, photonic microwave receivers, opto-electronic microwave oscillators, and parametric frequency converters, among others.

Mitigating Thermoelastic Dissipation of Flexural Micromechanical Resonators by Decoupling Resonant Frequency from Thermal Relaxation Rate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Xin; Xiao, Dingbang; Wu, Xuezhong; Li, Qingsong; Hou, Zhanqiang; He, Kaixuan; Wu, Yulie

2017-12-01

This paper reports an alternative design strategy to reduce thermoelastic dissipation (TED) for isothermal-mode micromechanical resonators. This involves hanging lumped masses on a frame structure to decouple the resonant frequency and the effective beamwidth of the resonators, which enables the separation of the thermal relaxation rate and frequency of vibration. This approach is validated using silicon-based micromechanical disklike resonators engineered to isolate TED. A threefold improvement in the quality factor and a tenfold improvement in the decay-time constant is demonstrated. This work proposes a solution for isothermal-mode (flexural) micromechanical resonators to effectively mitigate TED. Specifically, this approach is ideal for designing high-performance gyroscope resonators based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. It may pave the way for the next generation inertial-grade MEMS gyroscope, which remains a great challenge and is very appealing.

Edge geometry effects on resonance response of electroplated cylindrical Ni/PZT/Ni magnetoelectric composites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yakubov, Vladislav; Xu, Lirong; Volinsky, Alex A.; Qiao, Lijie; Pan, De'an

2017-08-01

Trilayer Ni/PZT/Ni cylindrical magnetoelectric (ME) composites were prepared by electrodeposition, a process, which creates sub-millimeter raised edges due to current concentration near sharp points. The ME response in both axial and vertical modes was measured with the edges, with only outer edges removed, and with both outer and inner edges removed. The ME voltage coefficient improved at resonance by 40% and 147% without the edges in the vertical and axial modes, respectively. The observed improvements in three different samples were only present at the ME resonance and no changes were detected outside of the ME resonance. Mechanical quality factor at resonance also improved with no effect on the resonant frequency. Experimentally demonstrated minor geometry changes resulted in substantial ME improvement at resonant frequency. This study demonstrates device performance optimization. The observed effects have been attributed to improved vibrations in terms of decreased damping coefficient and enhanced vibration amplitude at resonance.

Resonance coupling and polarization conversion in terahertz metasurfaces with twisted split-ring resonator pairs

DOE PAGES

Li, Chenyu; Chang, Chun-Chieh; Zhou, Qingli; ...

2017-10-10

Here, we investigate edge-coupling of twisted split-ring resonator (SRR) pairs in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. By using a simple coupled-resonator model we show that such a system exhibits resonance splitting and cross-polarization conversion. Numerical simulations and experimental measurements agree well with theoretical calculations, verifying the resonance splitting as a function of the coupling strength given by the SRR separation. We further show that a metal ground plane can be integrated to significantly enhance the resonance coupling, which enables the effective control of resonance splitting and the efficiency and bandwidth of the cross-polarization conversion. Our findings improve the fundamental understandingmore » of metamaterials with a view of accomplishing metamaterial functionalities with enhanced performance, which is of great interest in realizing THz functional devices required in a variety of applications.« less

A new quadrature annular resonator for 3 T MRI based on artificial-dielectrics.

PubMed

Mikhailovskaya, Anna A; Shchelokova, Alena V; Dobrykh, Dmitry A; Sushkov, Ivan V; Slobozhanyuk, Alexey P; Webb, Andrew

2018-06-01

Dielectric resonators have previously been constructed for ultra-high frequency magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy. However, it is challenging to design these dielectric resonators at clinical field strengths due to their intrinsically large dimensions, especially when using materials with moderate permittivity. Here we propose and characterize a novel approach using artificial-dielectrics which reduces substantially the required outer diameter of the resonator. For a resonator designed to operate in a 3 Tesla scanner using water as the dielectric, a reduction in outer diameter of 37% was achieved. When used in an inductively-coupled wireless mode, the sensitivity of the artificial-dielectric resonator was measured to be slightly higher than that of a standard dielectric resonator operating in its degenerate circularly-polarized hybrid electromagnetic modes (HEM 11 ). This study demonstrates the first application of an artificial-dielectric approach to MR volume coil design. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Investigation on dispersion in the active optical waveguide resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qiu, Zihan; Gao, Yining; Xie, Wei

2018-03-01

Introducing active gain in the optical waveguide resonator not only compensates the loss, but also can change the dispersion relationship in the ring resonator. It is demonstrated that the group delay time is negative when the resonator is in the undercoupled condition, which also means the resonator exhibits the fast light effect. Theoretical analysis indicates that fast light effect due to anomalous dispersion, would be manipulated by the gain coefficient controlled by the input pump light power and that fast light would enhance scale factor of the optical resonant gyroscope. Resonance optical gyroscope (ROG)'s scale factor for measuring rotation rate is enhanced by anomalous dispersion with superluminal light propagation. The sensitivity of ROG could be enhanced by anomalous dispersion by coupled resonators even considering the effect of anomalous dispersion and propagation gain on broadened linewidth, and this could result in at least two orders of magnitude enhancement in sensitivity.

Investigating resonances above and below the threshold in nuclear reactions of astrophysical interest and beyond

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

La Cognata, M., E-mail: lacognata@lns.infn.it; Kiss, G. G.; Mukhamedzhanov, A. M.

2015-10-15

Resonances in nuclear cross sections dramatically change their trends. Therefore, the presence of unexpected resonances might lead to unpredicted consequences on astrophysics and nuclear physics. In nuclear physics, resonances allow one to study states in the intermediate compound systems, to evaluate their cluster structure, for instance, especially in the energy regions approaching particle decay thresholds. In astrophysics, resonances might lead to changes in the nucleosynthesis flow, determining different isotopic compositions of the nuclear burning ashes. For these reasons, the Trojan Horse method has been modified to investigate resonant reactions. Thanks to this novel approach, for the first time normalization tomore » direct data might be avoided. Moreover, in the case of sub threshold resonances, the Trojan Horse method modified to investigate resonances allows one to deduce the asymptotic normalization coefficient, showing the close connection between the two indirect approaches.« less

Miniaturization of metamaterial electrical resonators at the terahertz spectrum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Karamanos, Theodosios D.; Kantartzis, Nikolaos V.

2014-05-01

An efficient methodology for the modification of electrical resonators in order to be readily applicable at the terahertz regime is developed in this paper. To this aim, the proposed miniaturization technique starts from the conventional resonator which, without any change, exhibits the lowest possible electrical resonance for minimum dimensions. Subsequently, a set of interdigital capacitors is embedded in the original structure to increase capaci- tance, while their impact on the main resonance is investigated through computational simulations. Furthermore, to augment the inductance of the initial resonator, and, hence reduce the resonance frequency, the concept of spiral inductor elements is introduced. Again, results for the featured configuration with the additional elements are numerically obtained and all effects due to their presence are carefully examined. Finally, the new alterations are combined together and their in influence on the resonance position and quality is thoroughly studied.

Ultra-sharp plasmonic resonances from monopole optical nanoantenna phased arrays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Shi-Qiang; Bruce Buchholz, D.; Zhou, Wei

Diffractively coupled plasmonic resonances possess both ultra-sharp linewidths and giant electric field enhancement around plasmonic nanostructures. They can be applied to create a new generation of sensors, detectors, and nano-optical devices. However, all current designs require stringent index-matching at the resonance condition that limits their applicability. Here, we propose and demonstrate that it is possible to relieve the index-matching requirement and to induce ultra-sharp plasmon resonances in an ordered vertically aligned optical nano-antenna phased array by transforming a dipole resonance to a monopole resonance with a mirror plane. Due to the mirror image effect, the monopole resonance not only retainedmore » the dipole features but also enhanced them. The engineered resonances strongly suppressed the radiative decay channel, resulting in a four-order of magnitude enhancement in local electric field and a Q-factor greater than 200.« less

A new quadrature annular resonator for 3 T MRI based on artificial-dielectrics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mikhailovskaya, Anna A.; Shchelokova, Alena V.; Dobrykh, Dmitry A.; Sushkov, Ivan V.; Slobozhanyuk, Alexey P.; Webb, Andrew

2018-06-01

Dielectric resonators have previously been constructed for ultra-high frequency magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy. However, it is challenging to design these dielectric resonators at clinical field strengths due to their intrinsically large dimensions, especially when using materials with moderate permittivity. Here we propose and characterize a novel approach using artificial-dielectrics which reduces substantially the required outer diameter of the resonator. For a resonator designed to operate in a 3 Tesla scanner using water as the dielectric, a reduction in outer diameter of 37% was achieved. When used in an inductively-coupled wireless mode, the sensitivity of the artificial-dielectric resonator was measured to be slightly higher than that of a standard dielectric resonator operating in its degenerate circularly-polarized hybrid electromagnetic modes (HEM11). This study demonstrates the first application of an artificial-dielectric approach to MR volume coil design.

Universal feature in optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, Peng; Zhang, Ren; Huang, Lianghui; Li, Donghao; Meng, Zengming; Wang, Pengjun; Zhai, Hui; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Jing

2018-01-01

We report the experimental results on the optical control of a p -wave Feshbach resonance by utilizing a laser-driven bound-to-bound transition to shift the energy of a closed-channel molecule state. The magnetic field location for the p -wave resonance as a function of laser detuning can be captured by a simple formula with essentially one parameter, which describes how sensitively the resonance depends on the laser detuning. The key result of this work is to demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the ratio between this parameter for the m =0 component of the resonance and that for the m =±1 component, to a large extent, is universal. We also show that this optical control can create intriguing situations where interesting few- and many-body physics can occur, such as a p -wave resonance overlapping with an s -wave resonance or the three components of a p -wave resonance being degenerate.

Gaussian-Beam Laser-Resonator Program

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cross, Patricia L.; Bair, Clayton H.; Barnes, Norman

1989-01-01

Gaussian Beam Laser Resonator Program models laser resonators by use of Gaussian-beam-propagation techniques. Used to determine radii of beams as functions of position in laser resonators. Algorithm used in program has three major components. First, ray-transfer matrix for laser resonator must be calculated. Next, initial parameters of beam calculated. Finally, propagation of beam through optical elements computed. Written in Microsoft FORTRAN (Version 4.01).

Versatile resonance-tracking circuit for acoustic levitation experiments.

PubMed

Baxter, K; Apfel, R E; Marston, P L

1978-02-01

Objects can be levitated by radiation pressure forces in an acoustic standing wave. In many circumstances it is important that the standing wave frequency remain locked on an acoustic resonance despite small changes in the resonance frequency. A self-locking oscillator circuit is described which tracks the resonance frequency by sensing the magnitude of the transducer current. The tracking principle could be applied to other resonant systems.

Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode resonators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B.; Savchenkov, Anatoliy A.; Ilchenko, Vladimir S.; Maleki, Lute

2004-01-01

We report on our recent results concerning fabrication of high-Q whispering gallery mode (WGM) crystalline resonators, and discuss some possible applications of lithium niobate WGM resonators in nonlinear optics and photonics. In particular, we demonstrate experimentally a tunable third-order optical filter fabricated from the three metalized resonators; and report observation of parametric frequency dobuling in a WGM resonator made of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN).

Test of a virtual cylindrical acoustic resonator for determining the Boltzmann constant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feng, X. J.; Lin, H.; Gillis, K. A.; Moldover, M. R.; Zhang, J. T.

2015-10-01

We report progress toward determining the Boltzmann constant kB using the concept of a virtual acoustic resonator, a hypothetical resonator that is mathematically equivalent to a cylindrical cavity with periodic boundary conditions. We derived the virtual resonator by combining the measured frequencies of the longitudinal acoustic modes of two argon-filled, cylindrical cavity resonators in such a way to minimize the effects of the cavities’ ends, including transducers and ducts attached to the ends. The cavities had lengths of 80 mm and 160 mm and were operated in their longitudinal (ℓ,0,0) modes. We explored virtual resonators that combine modes of the two resonators that have nearly the same frequencies. The virtual resonator formed from the (2,0,0) mode of the 80 mm resonator combined with the (4,0,0) mode of the 160 mm resonator yielded a value for kB that is, fractionally, only (0.2  ±  1.5)  ×  10-6 larger than the 2010 CODATA-recommended value of kB. (The estimated uncertainty is one standard uncertainty corresponding to a 68% confidence level.) The same virtual resonator yielded values of the pressure derivatives of the speed of sound c in argon, (∂c2/∂p)T and (∂c2/∂p2)T, that differed from literature values by 1% and 2%, respectively. By comparison, when each cavity was considered separately, the values of kB, (∂c2/∂p)T, and (∂c2/∂p2)T differed from literature values by up to 7 ppm, 10%, and 5%, respectively. However, combining the results from the (3,0,0) or (4,0,0) modes of shorter resonator with the results from the (6,0,0) or (8,0,0) modes of the longer resonator yielded incorrect values of kB that varied from run-to-run. We speculate that these puzzling results originated in an unmodeled coupling, either between the two cavities (that resonated at nearly identical resonance frequencies in the same pressure vessel) or between the cavities and modes of the pressure vessel.

Study on Dynamic Alignment Technology of COIL Resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiong, M. D.; Zou, X. J.; Guo, J. H.; Jia, S. N.; Zhang2, Z. B.

2006-10-01

The performance of great power chemical oxygen-iodine laser (COIL) beam is decided mostly by resonator mirror maladjustment and environment vibration. To improve the performance of light beam, an auto-alignment device is used in COIL resonator, the device can keep COIL resonator collimating by adjusting the optical components of resonator. So the coupling model of COIL resonator is present. The multivariable self study fuzzy uncoupling arithmetic and six-dimensional micro drive technology are used to design a six-input-three-output uncoupling controller, resulting in the realization of the high precision dynamic alignment. The experiments indicate that the collimating range of this system is 8 mrad, precision is 5 urad and frequency response is 20Hz, which meet the demand of resonator alignment system.

Effect of resonance decay on conserved number fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mishra, D. K.; Garg, P.; Netrakanti, P. K.; Mohanty, A. K.

2016-07-01

We study the effect of charged secondaries coming from resonance decay on the net-baryon, net-charge, and net-strangeness fluctuations in high-energy heavy-ion collisions within the hadron resonance gas (HRG) model. We emphasize the importance of including weak decays along with other resonance decays in the HRG, while comparing with the experimental observables. The effect of kinematic cuts on resonances and primordial particles on the conserved number fluctuations are also studied. The HRG model calculations with the inclusion of resonance decays and kinematical cuts are compared with the recent experimental data from STAR and PHENIX experiments. We find good agreement between our model calculations and the experimental measurements for both net-proton and net-charge distributions.

Sphericity determination using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

DOEpatents

Dixon, Raymond D.; Migliori, Albert; Visscher, William M.

1994-01-01

A method is provided for grading production quantities of spherical objects, such as roller balls for bearings. A resonant ultrasound spectrum (RUS) is generated for each spherical object and a set of degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies is identified. From the degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies and known relationships between degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies and Poisson's ratio, a Poisson's ratio can be determined, along with a "best" spherical diameter, to form spherical parameters for the sphere. From the RUS, fine-structure resonant frequency spectra are identified for each degenerate sphere-resonance frequency previously selected. From each fine-structure spectrum and associated sphere parameter values an asphericity value is determined. The asphericity value can then be compared with predetermined values to provide a measure for accepting or rejecting the sphere.

Piezoelectric resonator assembly with thin molybdenum mounting clips

DOEpatents

Peters, R. Donald

1981-01-01

A resonator mounting assembly wherein the resonator blank is mounted agai an essentially planar surface presented by a plurality of peripherally disposed mounting clips and bonded to this surface to provide substantially all the mechanical support for the blank in a direction normal to the major faces of the resonator blank, while being flexible in the directions parallel to said major faces so as to minimize radial stresses on the resonator blank, particularly during thermal cycling of the resonator assembly. The clips are fabricated of a low thermal expansion material, such as molybdenum, which also has considerable yield strength after exposure to processing temperatures; the bonding of the clips to the edges of the resonator blank can be achieved by a polyimide containing electrically conductive particles.

White-Light Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonator System and Method

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Matsko, Andrey B. (Inventor); Savchenkov, Anatoliy A. (Inventor); Maleki, Lute (Inventor)

2009-01-01

An optical resonator system and method that includes a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator that is capable of resonating across a broad, continuous swath of frequencies is provided. The optical resonator of the system is shaped to support at least one whispering gallery mode and includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a side wall, and a first curved transition region extending between the side wall and the top surface. The system further includes a coupler having a coupling surface which is arranged to face the transition region of the optical resonator and in the vicinity thereof such that an evanescent field emitted from the coupler is capable of being coupled into the optical resonator through the first curved transition region

Lossless crossing of a resonance stopband during tune modulation by synchrotron oscillations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wang, G. M.; Shaftan, T.; Smaluk, V.

Modern high performance circular accelerators require sophisticated corrections of nonlinear lattices. The beam betatron tune footprint may cross many resonances, reducing dynamic aperture and causing particle loss. But, if particles cross a resonance reasonably fast, the beam deterioration may be minimized. This paper describes the experiments with the beam passing through a half-integer resonance stopband via tune modulation by exciting synchrotron oscillations. This is the first time that beam dynamics have been kept under precise control while the beam crosses a half-integer resonance. These results convincingly demonstrate that particles can cross the half-integer resonance without being lost if the passagemore » is reasonably fast and the resonance stopband is sufficiently narrow.« less

Lossless crossing of a resonance stopband during tune modulation by synchrotron oscillations

DOE PAGES

Wang, G. M.; Shaftan, T.; Smaluk, V.; ...

2017-09-14

Modern high performance circular accelerators require sophisticated corrections of nonlinear lattices. The beam betatron tune footprint may cross many resonances, reducing dynamic aperture and causing particle loss. But, if particles cross a resonance reasonably fast, the beam deterioration may be minimized. This paper describes the experiments with the beam passing through a half-integer resonance stopband via tune modulation by exciting synchrotron oscillations. This is the first time that beam dynamics have been kept under precise control while the beam crosses a half-integer resonance. These results convincingly demonstrate that particles can cross the half-integer resonance without being lost if the passagemore » is reasonably fast and the resonance stopband is sufficiently narrow.« less

Separating hyperfine from spin-orbit interactions in organic semiconductors by multi-octave magnetic resonance using coplanar waveguide microresonators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Joshi, G.; Miller, R.; Ogden, L.

2016-09-05

Separating the influence of hyperfine from spin-orbit interactions in spin-dependent carrier recombination and dissociation processes necessitates magnetic resonance spectroscopy over a wide range of frequencies. We have designed compact and versatile coplanar waveguide resonators for continuous-wave electrically detected magnetic resonance and tested these on organic light-emitting diodes. By exploiting both the fundamental and higher-harmonic modes of the resonators, we cover almost five octaves in resonance frequency within a single setup. The measurements with a common π-conjugated polymer as the active material reveal small but non-negligible effects of spin-orbit interactions, which give rise to a broadening of the magnetic resonance spectrummore » with increasing frequency.« less

Multi-resonant scatterers in sonic crystals: Locally multi-resonant acoustic metamaterial

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Romero-García, V.; Krynkin, A.; Garcia-Raffi, L. M.; Umnova, O.; Sánchez-Pérez, J. V.

2013-01-01

An acoustic metamaterial made of a two-dimensional (2D) periodic array of multi-resonant acoustic scatterers is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. The building blocks consist of a combination of elastic beams of low-density polyethylene foam (LDPF) with cavities of known area. Elastic resonances of the beams and acoustic resonances of the cavities can be excited by sound producing several attenuation peaks in the low frequency range. Due to this behavior the periodic array with long wavelength multi-resonant structural units can be classified as a locally multi-resonant acoustic metamaterial (LMRAM) with strong dispersion of its effective properties.The results presented in this paper could be used to design effective tunable acoustic filters for the low frequency range.

Quasi-phase-matching and second-harmonic generation enhancement in a semiconductor microresonator array using slow-light effects

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dumeige, Yannick

We theoretically analyze the second-harmonic generation process in a sequence of unidirectionnaly coupled doubly resonant whispering gallery mode semiconductor resonators. By using a convenient design, it is possible to coherently sum the second-harmonic fields generated inside each resonator. We show that resonator coupling allows the bandwidth of the phase-matching curve to be increased with respect to single-resonator configurations simultaneously taking advantage of the resonant feature of the resonators. This quasi-phase-matching technique could be applied to obtain small-footprint nonlinear devices with large bandwidth and limited nonlinear losses. The results are discussed in the framework of the slow-light-effect enhancement of second-order opticalmore » nonlinearities.« less

Probing dynamics of micro-magnets with multi-mode superconducting resonator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Golovchanskiy, I. A.; Abramov, N. N.; Stolyarov, V. S.; Shchetinin, I. V.; Dzhumaev, P. S.; Averkin, A. S.; Kozlov, S. N.; Golubov, A. A.; Ryazanov, V. V.; Ustinov, A. V.

2018-05-01

In this work, we propose and explore a sensitive technique for investigation of ferromagnetic resonance and corresponding magnetic properties of individual micro-scaled and/or weak ferromagnetic samples. The technique is based on coupling the investigated sample to a high-Q transmission line superconducting resonator, where the response of the sample is studied at eigen frequencies of the resonator. The high quality factor of the resonator enables sensitive detection of weak absorption losses at multiple frequencies of the ferromagnetic resonance. Studying the microwave response of individual micro-scaled permalloy rectangles, we have confirmed the superiority of fluxometric demagnetizing factor over the commonly accepted magnetometric one and have depicted the demagnetization of the sample, as well as magnetostatic standing wave resonance.

Active cooling of an audio-frequency electrical resonator to microkelvin temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vinante, A.; Bonaldi, M.; Mezzena, R.; Falferi, P.

2010-11-01

We have cooled a macroscopic LC electrical resonator using feedback-cooling combined with an ultrasensitive dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) current amplifier. The resonator, with resonance frequency of 11.5 kHz and bath temperature of 135 mK, is operated in the high coupling limit so that the SQUID back-action noise overcomes the intrinsic resonator thermal noise. The effect of correlations between the amplifier noise sources clearly show up in the experimental data, as well as the interplay of the amplifier noise with the resonator thermal noise. The lowest temperature achieved by feedback is 14 μK, corresponding to 26 resonator photons, and approaches the limit imposed by the noise energy of the SQUID amplifier.

Panels with low-Q-factor resonators with theoretically infinite sound-proofing ability at a single frequency

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazarev, L. A.

2015-07-01

An infinite panel with two types of resonators regularly installed on it is theoretically considered. Each resonator is an air-filled cavity hermetically closed by a plate, which executes piston vibrations. The plate and air inside the cavity play the roles of mass and elasticity, respectively. Every other resonator is reversed. At a certain ratio between the parameters of the resonators at the tuning frequency of the entire system, the acoustic-pressure force that directly affects the panel can be fully compensated by the action forces of the resonators. In this case, the sound-proofing ability (transmission loss) tends to infinity. The presented calculations show that a complete transmission-loss effect can be achieved even with low- Q resonators.

Sphericity determination using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy

DOEpatents

Dixon, R.D.; Migliori, A.; Visscher, W.M.

1994-10-18

A method is provided for grading production quantities of spherical objects, such as roller balls for bearings. A resonant ultrasound spectrum (RUS) is generated for each spherical object and a set of degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies is identified. From the degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies and known relationships between degenerate sphere-resonance frequencies and Poisson's ratio, a Poisson's ratio can be determined, along with a 'best' spherical diameter, to form spherical parameters for the sphere. From the RUS, fine-structure resonant frequency spectra are identified for each degenerate sphere-resonance frequency previously selected. From each fine-structure spectrum and associated sphere parameter values an asphericity value is determined. The asphericity value can then be compared with predetermined values to provide a measure for accepting or rejecting the sphere. 14 figs.

Effect of acoustic resonance phenomenon on fluid flow with light dust

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamakawa, Hiromitsu; Arshad, Azim B. M.; Ohta, Mitsuo

2011-10-01

In the present paper, the attention is focused on the characteristics of lightweight materials collection in the duct using acoustic resonance phenomena. The acoustic resonance was excited by using a controlled speaker at the middle of a test duct. We measured the sound pressure level, frequency response characteristics, acoustic damping ratio, mode shape, and lightweight materials response to acoustic resonance excited by a speaker. As a result, the acoustic damping ratio decreased as the mode number of acoustic resonance increased. The tissue strips and the lightweight materials were collected at the node of acoustic pressure when the acoustic resonance was excited. It was made clear that it is possible to control lightweight materials using acoustic resonance excited by a speaker.

Nanomechanical resonators based on group IV element monolayers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

He, Ji-Dong; Sun, Jia-Sheng; Jiang, Jin-Wu

2018-04-01

We perform molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the energy dissipation of the resonant oscillation for the group IV monolayers of puckered configuration, in which the oscillation is driven with different actuation velocities. We find that, in the moderate actuation velocity regime, the nonlinear coupling between the resonant oscillation mode and other high-frequency modes will lead to the non-resonant motion of the system. For the larger actuation velocity, the effective strain generated during the resonant oscillating causes a structural transition from the puckered configuration into the planar configuration, which is a characteristic energy dissipation mechanism for the resonant oscillation of these group IV puckered monolayers. Our findings shed light on mechanical applications of the group IV monolayers in the nanomechanical resonator field.

High amplitude nonlinear acoustic wave driven flow fields in cylindrical and conical resonators.

PubMed

Antao, Dion Savio; Farouk, Bakhtier

2013-08-01

A high fidelity computational fluid dynamic model is used to simulate the flow, pressure, and density fields generated in a cylindrical and a conical resonator by a vibrating end wall/piston producing high-amplitude standing waves. The waves in the conical resonator are found to be shock-less and can generate peak acoustic overpressures that exceed the initial undisturbed pressure by two to three times. A cylindrical (consonant) acoustic resonator has limitations to the output response observed at one end when the opposite end is acoustically excited. In the conical geometry (dissonant acoustic resonator) the linear acoustic input is converted to high energy un-shocked nonlinear acoustic output. The model is validated using past numerical results of standing waves in cylindrical resonators. The nonlinear nature of the harmonic response in the conical resonator system is further investigated for two different working fluids (carbon dioxide and argon) operating at various values of piston amplitude. The high amplitude nonlinear oscillations observed in the conical resonator can potentially enhance the performance of pulse tube thermoacoustic refrigerators and these conical resonators can be used as efficient mixers.

Whispering Gallery Mode Optomechanical Resonator

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Aveline, David C.; Strekalov, Dmitry V.; Yu, Nan; Yee, Karl Y.

2012-01-01

Great progress has been made in both micromechanical resonators and micro-optical resonators over the past decade, and a new field has recently emerged combining these mechanical and optical systems. In such optomechanical systems, the two resonators are strongly coupled with one influencing the other, and their interaction can yield detectable optical signals that are highly sensitive to the mechanical motion. A particularly high-Q optical system is the whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonator, which has many applications ranging from stable oscillators to inertial sensor devices. There is, however, limited coupling between the optical mode and the resonator s external environment. In order to overcome this limitation, a novel type of optomechanical sensor has been developed, offering great potential for measurements of displacement, acceleration, and mass sensitivity. The proposed hybrid device combines the advantages of all-solid optical WGM resonators with high-quality micro-machined cantilevers. For direct access to the WGM inside the resonator, the idea is to radially cut precise gaps into the perimeter, fabricating a mechanical resonator within the WGM. Also, a strategy to reduce losses has been developed with optimized design of the cantilever geometry and positions of gap surfaces.

Orbital Resonances in the Solar Nebula: Strengths and Weaknesses

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Malhotra, Renu

1993-01-01

A planetesimal moving in the Solar Nebula experiences an aero- dynamic drag which causes its orbit to circularize and shrink. However, resonant perturbations from a protoplanet interior to the planetesimal's orbit ran counteract both the orbital decay and the damping of the eccentricity: the planetesimal can be captured into an orbital resonance and its eccentricity pumped up to a modestly high equilibrium value. Thus, orbital resonances constitute (partial) barriers to the delivery of planetesimals into the feeding zone of the protoplanet. We have established the characteristics of the phenomenon of resonance capture by gas drag in the circular restricted three-body approximation. We have determined the strengths of the equilibrium resonant orbits with respect to impulsive velocity perturbations. We conclude that planetesimals captured in orbital resonances are quite vulnerable to being dislocated from these orbits by mutual planetesimal interactions, but that the resonances are effective in slowing down the rate of orbital decay of planetesimals. Only very small bodies, less or approx. equal to 100 m, are able to reach a approx. 1 mass of the earth protoplanet without being slowed down by resonances.

Refractive Index Sensor Based on Fano Resonances in Metal-Insulator-Metal Waveguides Coupled with Resonators.

PubMed

Tang, Yue; Zhang, Zhidong; Wang, Ruibing; Hai, Zhenyin; Xue, Chenyang; Zhang, Wendong; Yan, Shubin

2017-04-06

A surface plasmon polariton refractive index sensor based on Fano resonances in metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides coupled with rectangular and ring resonators is proposed and numerically investigated using a finite element method. Fano resonances are observed in the transmission spectra, which result from the coupling between the narrow-band spectral response in the ring resonator and the broadband spectral response in the rectangular resonator. Results are analyzed using coupled-mode theory based on transmission line theory. The coupled mode theory is employed to explain the Fano resonance effect, and the analytical result is in good agreement with the simulation result. The results show that with an increase in the refractive index of the fill dielectric material in the slot of the system, the Fano resonance peak exhibits a remarkable red shift, and the highest value of sensitivity (S) is 1125 nm/RIU, RIU means refractive index unit. Furthermore, the coupled MIM waveguide structure can be integrated with other photonic devices at the chip scale. The results can provide a guide for future applications of this structure.

A Latin-cross-shaped integrated resonant cantilever with second torsion-mode resonance for ultra-resoluble bio-mass sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xia, Xiaoyuan; Zhang, Zhixiang; Li, Xinxin

2008-03-01

Second torsion-mode resonance is proposed for microcantilever biosensors for ultra-high mass-weighing sensitivity and resolution. By increasing both the resonant frequency and Q-factor, the higher mode torsional resonance is favorable for improving the mass-sensing performance. For the first time, a Latin-cross-shaped second-mode resonant cantilever is constructed and optimally designed for both signal-readout and resonance-exciting elements. The cantilever sensor is fabricated by using silicon micromachining techniques. The transverse piezoresistive sensing element and the specific-shaped resonance-exciting loop are successfully integrated in the cantilever. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) antibody-antigen specific binding is implemented for the sensing experiment. The proposed cantilever sensor is designed with significantly superior sensitivity to the previously reported first torsion-mode one. After analysis with an Allan variance algorithm, which can be easily embedded in the sensing system, the Latin-cross-shaped second torsion-mode resonant cantilever is evaluated with ultra-high mass resolution. Therefore, the high-performance integrated micro-sensor is promising for on-the-spot bio-molecule detection.

Optimal design and fabrication of ring resonator composed of Ge02-doped silica waveguides for IOG

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guo, Lijun; Shi, Bangren; Chen, Chen; Lv, Hao; Zhao, Zhenming; Zhao, Meng

2009-07-01

The ring resonator is the core sensing element in the resonant integration optical gyroscope (IOG) . Its performances influence the minimum resolution and the error items of gyroscope directly and it is the key of the design and manufacturing. This paper presents optimal design of ring resonator composed of Ge02 -doped silica waveguides fabricated on silicon substrates using wide angle beam propagation method (WA-BPM). The characteristic of the light propagating across the ring resonator is analyzed. According to the design results, we succeed in fabricating the ring resonator by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) technology. In order to characterize the ring resonator, an optical measurement setup is built, fiber laser line-width is 50 kHz, detector responsibility is 0.95A/W and integral time is 10s. By testing, propagation loss and total loss of ring resonator are 0.02dB/cm and 0.1dB/circuit respectively. Observed from the resonance curve, a finesse of 12.5.

Soft resonator of omnidirectional resonance for acoustic metamaterials with a negative bulk modulus

PubMed Central

Jing, Xiaodong; Meng, Yang; Sun, Xiaofeng

2015-01-01

Monopolar resonance is of fundamental importance in the acoustic field. Here, we present the realization of a monopolar resonance that goes beyond the concept of Helmholtz resonators. The balloon-like soft resonator (SR) oscillates omnidirectionally and radiates from all parts of its spherical surface, eliminating the need for a hard wall for the cavity and baffle effects. For airborne sound, such a low-modulus resonator can be made extremely lightweight. Deep subwavelength resonance is achieved when the SR is tuned by adjusting the shell thickness, benefiting from the large density contrast between the shell material and the encapsulated gas. The SR resonates with near-perfect monopole symmetry, as demonstrated by the theoretical and experimental results, which are in excellent agreement. For a lattice of SRs, a band gap occurs and blocks near-total transmission, and the effective bulk modulus exhibits a prominent negative band, while the effective mass density remains unchanged. Our study shows that the SR is suitable for building 3D acoustic metamaterials and provides a basis for constructing left-handed materials as a new means of creating a negative bulk modulus. PMID:26538085

Resonant fast dynamo

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Strauss, H. R.

1986-01-01

A resonant fast dynamo is found in chaotic shear flows. The dynamo effect is produced by resonant perturbations of the velocity field, similar to resonant diffusion in plasma physics. The dynamo is called fast because the flow produces an electric field independent of the fluid resistivity.

Solid state optical refrigeration using stark manifold resonances in crystals

DOEpatents

Seletskiy, Denis V.; Epstein, Richard; Hehlen, Markus P.; Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor

2017-02-21

A method and device for cooling electronics is disclosed. The device includes a doped crystal configured to resonate at a Stark manifold resonance capable of cooling the crystal to a temperature of from about 110K to about 170K. The crystal host resonates in response to input from an excitation laser tuned to exploit the Stark manifold resonance corresponding to the cooling of the crystal.

Whispering gallery mode resonators based on radiation-sensitive materials

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Savchenkov, Anatoliy (Inventor); Maleki, Lutfollah (Inventor); Ilchenko, Vladimir (Inventor); Handley, Timothy A. (Inventor)

2005-01-01

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonators formed of radiation-sensitive materials to allow for permanent tuning of their resonance frequencies in a controlled manner. Two WGM resonators may be cascaded to form a composite filter to produce a second order filter function where at least one WGM resonator is formed a radiation-sensitive material to allow for proper control in the overlap of the two filter functions.

Nonlinear resonance and synchronization in the ring of unidirectionally coupled Toda oscillators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dvorak, Anton; Astakhov, Vladimir; Perlikowski, Przemyslaw; Kapitaniak, Tomasz

2016-11-01

In the ring of unidirectionally coupled Toda oscillators the nonlinear resonance and the synchronization are investigated. It is shown how the nonlinear resonance affects the structure of the main synchronization region. As a result of nonlinear resonance we observe the coexistence of two stable limit cycles near the resonant frequency, which leads to coexistence of periodic and quasi-periodic regimes within the synchronization region.

Apparatus and method for non-contact, acoustic resonance determination of intraocular pressure

DOEpatents

Sinha, Dipen N.; Wray, William O.

1994-01-01

Apparatus and method for measuring intraocular pressure changes in an eye under investigation by detection of vibrational resonances therein. An ultrasonic transducer operating at its resonant frequency is amplitude modulated and swept over a range of audio frequencies in which human eyes will resonate. The output therefrom is focused onto the eye under investigation, and the resonant vibrations of the eye observed using a fiber-optic reflection vibration sensor. Since the resonant frequency of the eye is dependent on the pressure therein, changes in intraocular pressure may readily be determined after a baseline pressure is established.

Transition from an optical precursor in coupled-resonator-induced transparency to coherent energy exchange in Autler-Townes splitting

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oishi, Tohru; Suzuki, Ryuta; Talukder, Aminul I.; Tomita, Makoto

2013-08-01

We investigated the transient responses of coupled optical resonators, after they were injected with square modulated temporal pulses. A sharp spike, attributed to the optical precursor in coupled-resonator-induced transparency, appeared when the coupling between the resonators was weak. As the coupling strength increased, the resonance spectrum developed clearly separated double dips of Autler-Townes splitting, and the precursor spike transformed into an oscillatory structure. These temporal oscillations were attributed to the coherent energy exchange between two resonators. Theoretical calculations were in good agreement with the experimental observations.

Amplitude tests of direct channel resonances: The dibaryon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldstein, G. R.; Moravosik, M. J.; Arash, F.

1985-02-01

A recently formulated polarization amplitude test for the existence of one-particle-exchange mechanisms is modified to deal with direct-channel resonances. The results are applied to proton-proton elastic scattering at and around 800 MeV to test the suggested existence of a dibaryon resonance. This test is sensitive to somewhat different circumstances and parameters than the methods used in the past to find dibaryon resonances. The evidence, on the basis of the SAID data set, is negative for a resonance in any singlet partial wave, but is tantalizingly subliminal for a 3F3 resonance.

Amplitude tests of direct channel resonances: the dibaryon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goldstein, G.R.; Moravcsik, M.J.; Arash, F.

A recently formulated polarization amplitude test for the existence of one-particle-exchange mechanisms is modified to deal with direct-channel resonances. The results are applied to proton-proton elastic scattering at and around 800 MeV to test the suggested existence of a dibaryon resonance. This test is sensitive to somewhat different circumstances and parameters than the methods used in the past to find dibaryon resonances. The evidence, on the basis of the SAID data set, is negative for a resonance in any singlet partial wave, but is tantalizingly subliminal for a /sup 3/F/sub 3/ resonance. 7 refs., 4 figs.

Identifying resonance frequency deviations for high order nano-wire ring resonator filters based on a coupling strength variation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Park, Sahnggi; Kim, Kap-Joong; Kim, Duk-Jun; Kim, Gyungock

2009-02-01

Third order ring resonators are designed and their resonance frequency deviations are analyzed experimentally by processing them with E-beam lithography and ICP etching in a CMOS nano-Fabrication laboratory. We developed a reliable method to identify and reduce experimentally the degree of deviation of each ring resonance frequency before completion of the fabrication process. The identified deviations can be minimized by the way to be presented in this paper. It is expected that this method will provide a significant clue to make a high order multi-channel ring resonators.

Wireless power transfer based on dielectric resonators with colossal permittivity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Mingzhao; Belov, Pavel; Kapitanova, Polina

2016-11-01

Magnetic resonant wireless power transfer system based on dielectric disk resonators made of colossal permittivity (ɛ = 1000) and low loss (tan δ = 2.5 × 10-4) microwave ceramic is experimentally investigated. The system operates at the magnetic dipole mode excited in the resonators providing maximal power transfer efficiency of 90% at the frequency 232 MHz. By applying an impedance matching technique, the efficiency of 50% is achieved within the separation between the resonators d = 16 cm (3.8 radii of the resonator). The separation, misalignment and rotation dependencies of wireless power transfer efficiency are experimentally studied.

Apparatus and method for non-contact, acoustic resonance determination of intraocular pressure

DOEpatents

Sinha, D.N.; Wray, W.O.

1994-12-27

The apparatus and method for measuring intraocular pressure changes in an eye under investigation by detection of vibrational resonances therein. An ultrasonic transducer operating at its resonant frequency is amplitude modulated and swept over a range of audio frequencies in which human eyes will resonate. The output therefrom is focused onto the eye under investigation, and the resonant vibrations of the eye observed using a fiber-optic reflection vibration sensor. Since the resonant frequency of the eye is dependent on the pressure therein, changes in intraocular pressure may readily be determined after a baseline pressure is established. 3 figures.

Survival resonances in an atom-optics system driven by temporally and spatially periodic dissipation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chai, Shijie; Fekete, Julia; McDowall, Peter; Coop, Simon; Lindballe, Thue; Andersen, Mikkel F.

2018-03-01

We investigate laser-cooled atoms periodically driven by pulsed standing waves of light tuned close to an open atomic transition. This nonunitary system displays survival resonances for certain driving frequencies. The survival resonances emerge as a result of the matter-wave Talbot-Lau effect, similar to the Talbot effect causing quantum resonances in the atom optics δ -kicked rotor. Since the Talbot-Lau effect occurs for incoherent waves, the survival resonances can be observed using thermal atoms. A microlensing effect can enhance the height and incisiveness of the resonances. This may find applications in precision measurements.

Control of slow-to-fast light and single-to-double optomechanically induced transparency in a compound resonator system: A theoretical approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ziauddin; Rahman, Mujeeb ur; Ahmad, Iftikhar; Qamar, Sajid

2017-10-01

The transmission characteristics of probe light field is investigated theoretically in a compound system of two coupled resonators. The proposed system consisted of two high-Q Fabry-Perot resonators in which one of the resonators is optomechanical. Optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT), having relatively large window, is noticed via strong coupling between the two resonators. We investigate tunable switching from single to double OMIT by increasing amplitude of the pump field. We notice that, control of slow and fast light can be obtained via the coupling strength between the two resonators.

Nonlinear dynamics under varying temperature conditions of the resonating beams of a differential resonant accelerometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jing; Wang, Yagang; Zega, Valentina; Su, Yan; Corigliano, Alberto

2018-07-01

In this work the nonlinear dynamic behaviour under varying temperature conditions of the resonating beams of a differential resonant accelerometer is studied from the theoretical, numerical and experimental points of view. A complete analytical model based on the Hamilton’s principle is proposed to describe the nonlinear behaviour of the resonators under varying temperature conditions and numerical solutions are presented in comparison with experimental data. This provides a novel perspective to examine the relationship between temperature and nonlinearity, which helps predicting the dynamic behaviour of resonant devices and can guide their optimal design.

Optimal resonance configuration for ultrasonic wireless power transmission to millimeter-sized biomedical implants.

PubMed

Miao Meng; Kiani, Mehdi

2016-08-01

In order to achieve efficient wireless power transmission (WPT) to biomedical implants with millimeter (mm) dimensions, ultrasonic WPT links have recently been proposed. Operating both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) ultrasonic transducers at their resonance frequency (fr) is key in improving power transmission efficiency (PTE). In this paper, different resonance configurations for Tx and Rx transducers, including series and parallel resonance, have been studied to help the designers of ultrasonic WPT links to choose the optimal resonance configuration for Tx and Rx that maximizes PTE. The geometries for disk-shaped transducers of four different sets of links, operating at series-series, series-parallel, parallel-series, and parallel-parallel resonance configurations in Tx and Rx, have been found through finite-element method (FEM) simulation tools for operation at fr of 1.4 MHz. Our simulation results suggest that operating the Tx transducer with parallel resonance increases PTE, while the resonance configuration of the mm-sized Rx transducer highly depends on the load resistance, Rl. For applications that involve large Rl in the order of tens of kΩ, a parallel resonance for a mm-sized Rx leads to higher PTE, while series resonance is preferred for Rl in the order of several kΩ and below.

Acoustic Resonance and Vortex Shedding from Tube Banks of Boiler Plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hamakawa, Hiromitsu; Matsue, Hiroto; Nishida, Eiichi; Fukano, Tohru

This paper focuses on the relationship between acoustic resonance and vortex shedding from the tube banks of a boiler plant. We have built a model similar to the actual boiler plant to clarify the characteristics of acoustic resonance phenomena and vortex shedding. The model used in-line tube banks with a small tube pitch ratio. We examined the relationship between the acoustic resonance of the actual plant and that of the model, and measured the sound pressure level, acoustic pressure mode shape, spectrum of velocity fluctuation, and gap velocity. Gap velocity was defined as the mean velocity in the smallest gaps between two neighboring tubes in the transverse direction. As a result, the resonant frequencies and mode shapes of the acoustic resonances in the actual boiler plant agreed well with those in the similar model. We found many peak frequencies in the sound pressure level spectrum when acoustic resonances occurred. The typical Strouhal numbers at the onset velocity of acoustic resonances were about 0.19, 0.26 and 0.52. Periodic velocity fluctuation caused by vortex shedding was observed inside the tube banks without acoustic resonance. The Strouhal number measured for vortex shedding was 0.15. Acoustic resonances of higher-order modes were generated in this plant.

Quantum resonances and regularity islands in quantum maps

PubMed

Sokolov; Zhirov; Alonso; Casati

2000-05-01

We study analytically as well as numerically the dynamics of a quantum map near a quantum resonance of an order q. The map is embedded into a continuous unitary transformation generated by a time-independent quasi-Hamiltonian. Such a Hamiltonian generates at the very point of the resonance a local gauge transformation described by the unitary unimodular group SU(q). The resonant energy growth is attributed to the zero Liouville eigenmodes of the generator in the adjoint representation of the group while the nonzero modes yield saturating with time contribution. In a vicinity of a given resonance, the quasi-Hamiltonian is then found in the form of power expansion with respect to the detuning from the resonance. The problem is related in this way to the motion along a circle in a (q2 - 1)-component inhomogeneous "magnetic" field of a quantum particle with q intrinsic degrees of freedom described by the SU(q) group. This motion is in parallel with the classical phase oscillations near a nonlinear resonance. The most important role is played by the resonances with the orders much smaller than the typical localization length q < l. Such resonances master for exponentially long though finite times the motion in some domains around them. Explicit analytical solution is possible for a few lowest and strongest resonances.

Graphene as an active virtually massless top electrode for RF solidly mounted bulk acoustic wave (SMR-BAW) resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knapp, Marius; Hoffmann, René; Lebedev, Vadim; Cimalla, Volker; Ambacher, Oliver

2018-03-01

Mechanical and electrical losses induced by an electrode material greatly influence the performance of bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators. Graphene as a conducting and virtually massless 2D material is a suitable candidate as an alternative electrode material for BAW resonators which reduces electrode induced mechanical losses. In this publication we show that graphene acts as an active top electrode for solidly mounted BAW resonators (BAW-SMR) at 2.1 GHz resonance frequency. Due to a strong decrease of mass loading and its remarkable electronic properties, graphene demonstrates its ability as an ultrathin conductive layer. In our experiments we used an optimized graphene wet transfer on aluminum nitride-based solidly mounted resonator devices. We achieved more than a triplication of the resonator’s quality factor Q and a resonance frequency close to an ‘unloaded’ resonator without metallization. Our results reveal the direct influence of both, the graphene quality and the graphene contacting via metal structures, on the performance characteristic of a BAW resonator. These findings clearly show the potential of graphene in minimizing mechanical losses due to its virtually massless character. Moreover, they highlight the advantages of graphene and other 2D conductive materials for alternative electrodes in electroacoustic resonators for radio frequency applications.

Piezoelectric Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Ring Shaped Contour-Mode MEMS Resonators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kasambe, P. V.; Asgaonkar, V. V.; Bangera, A. D.; Lokre, A. S.; Rathod, S. S.; Bhoir, D. V.

2018-02-01

Flexibility in setting fundamental frequency of resonator independent of its motional resistance is one of the desired criteria in micro-electromechanical (MEMS) resonator design. It is observed that ring-shaped piezoelectric contour-mode MEMS resonators satisfy this design criterion than in case of rectangular plate MEMS resonators. Also ring-shaped contour-mode piezoelectric MEMS resonator has an advantage that its fundamental frequency is defined by in-plane dimensions, but they show variation of fundamental frequency with different Platinum (Pt) thickness referred as change in ratio of fNEW /fO . This paper presents the effects of variation in geometrical parameters and change in piezoelectric material on the resonant frequencies of Platinum piezoelectric-Aluminium ring-shaped contour-mode MEMS resonators and its electrical parameters. The proposed structure with Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) as the piezoelectric material was observed to be a piezoelectric material with minimal change in fundamental resonant frequency due to Platinum thickness variation. This structure was also found to exhibit extremely low motional resistance of 0.03 Ω as compared to the 31-35 Ω range obtained when using AlN as the piezoelectric material. CoventorWare 10 is used for the design, simulation and corresponding analysis of resonators which is Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis and design tool for MEMS devices.

Broken symmetry dielectric resonators for high quality factor Fano metasurfaces

DOE PAGES

Campione, Salvatore; Liu, Sheng; Basilio, Lorena I.; ...

2016-10-25

We present a new approach to dielectric metasurface design that relies on a single resonator per unit cell and produces robust, high quality factor Fano resonances. Our approach utilizes symmetry breaking of highly symmetric resonator geometries, such as cubes, to induce couplings between the otherwise orthogonal resonator modes. In particular, we design perturbations that couple “bright” dipole modes to “dark” dipole modes whose radiative decay is suppressed by local field effects in the array. Our approach is widely scalable from the near-infrared to radio frequencies. We first unravel the Fano resonance behavior through numerical simulations of a germanium resonator-based metasurfacemore » that achieves a quality factor of ~1300 at ~10.8 μm. Then, we present two experimental demonstrations operating in the near-infrared (~1 μm): a silicon-based implementation that achieves a quality factor of ~350; and a gallium arsenide-based structure that achieves a quality factor of ~600, the highest near-infrared quality factor experimentally demonstrated to date with this kind of metasurface. Importantly, large electromagnetic field enhancements appear within the resonators at the Fano resonant frequencies. Here, we envision that combining high quality factor, high field enhancement resonances with nonlinear and active/gain materials such as gallium arsenide will lead to new classes of active optical devices.« less

Determination of the electromechanical coupling factor of gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4) and its influence on resonance-frequency temperature dependencies.

PubMed

Nosek, Jaroslav; Pustka, Martin

2006-01-01

The quartz homeotype gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4) is a representative of piezoelectric single crystals of large electromechanical coupling factor. It is known that its coupling factor kappa26 associated with the resonators vibrating in the thickness-shear mode is approximately two times greater than that of quartz. This property increases the spacing between the series and parallel resonance frequencies of resonators, as well as the difference between the resonance frequency temperature dependencies of the fundamental and harmonic resonance frequencies of resonators vibrating in the thickness-shear mode. In this paper, the methods for determination of the coupling factor kappa26 are presented, and the computed values are compared with the measured ones. The influence of the coupling factor to the resonance-frequency temperature dependencies of the fundamental and third harmonics of selected rotated Y-cut GaPO4 resonators vibrating in the thickness-shear mode is presented. The purely elastic case for a laterally unbounded plate, which corresponds closely to the limiting case of high harmonic resonance frequency-temperature behavior was assumed for the calculations. The computed temperature coefficients for the Y-cut orientation and calculated turnover point temperatures TTP for different (YX1) orientations are presented.

Evaluation of support loss in micro-beam resonators: A revisit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, S. Y.; Liu, J. Z.; Guo, F. L.

2017-12-01

This paper presents an analytical study on evaluation of support loss in micromechanical resonators undergoing in-plane flexural vibrations. Two-dimensional elastic wave theory is used to determine the energy transmission from the vibrating resonator to the support. Fourier transform and Green's function technique are adopted to solve the problem of wave motions on the surface of the support excited by the forces transmitted by the resonator onto the support. Analytical expressions of support loss in terms of quality factor, taking into account distributed normal stress and shear stress in the attachment region, and coupling between the normal stress and shear stress as well as material disparity between the support and the resonator, have been derived. Effects of geometry of micro-beam resonators, and material dissimilarity between support and resonator on support loss are examined. Numerical results show that 'harder resonator' and 'softer support' combination leads to larger support loss. In addition, the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) numerical simulation technique is employed for validation of the proposed analytical model. Comparing with results of quality factor obtained by PML technique, we find that the present model agrees well with the results of PML technique and the pure-shear model overestimates support loss noticeably, especially for resonators with small aspect ratio and large material dissimilarity between the support and resonator.

Analysis of resonance mechanism and conditions of train bridge system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xia, H.; Zhang, N.; Guo, W. W.

2006-11-01

In this paper, the resonance mechanism and conditions of train-bridge system are investigated through theoretical derivations, numerical simulations and experimental data analyses. The resonant responses of the bridge induced by moving trains are classified into three types according to different resonance mechanisms: the first is related to the periodical actions of moving load series of the vertical weights, lateral centrifugal and wind forces of vehicles; the second is induced by the loading rate of moving load series of vehicles; the third is owing to the periodically loading of the swing forces of the train vehicles excited by track irregularities and wheel hunting movements. The vehicle resonance is induced by the periodical action of regular arrangement of bridge spans and their deflections. The resonant conditions are proposed and the corresponding resonant train speeds are determined. The application scopes of resonance conditions are discussed. The resonance of the train-bridge system is affected by the span, total length, lateral and vertical stiffness of the bridge, the compositions of the train, and the axle arrangements and natural frequencies of the vehicles. The resonant train speeds for some bridges are estimated and are compared with the critical train speeds obtained from the dynamic simulation of train-bridge interaction model or from the field measurements.

Quantum interference control of an isolated resonance lifetime in the weak-field limit.

PubMed

García-Vela, A

2015-11-21

Resonance states play an important role in a large variety of physical and chemical processes. Thus, controlling the resonance behavior, and particularly a key property like the resonance lifetime, opens up the possibility of controlling those resonance mediated processes. While such a resonance control is possible by applying strong-field approaches, the development of flexible weak-field control schemes that do not alter significantly the system dynamics still remains a challenge. In this work, one such control scheme within the weak-field regime is proposed for the first time in order to modify the lifetime of an isolated resonance state. The basis of the scheme suggested is quantum interference between two pathways induced by laser fields, that pump wave packet amplitude to the target resonance under control. The simulations reported here show that the scheme allows for both enhancement and quenching of the resonance survival lifetime, being particularly flexible to achieve large lifetime enhancements. Control effects on the resonance lifetime take place only while the pulse is operating. In addition, the conditions required to generate the two interfering quantum pathways are found to be rather easy to meet for general systems, which makes the experimental implementation straightforward and implies the wide applicability of the control scheme.

Drive-level dependence of doubly rotated langasite resonators with different configurations.

PubMed

Zhang, Haifeng; Kosinski, John; Xie, Yuan; Turner, Joseph

2013-05-01

The miniaturization of crystal resonators and filters toward the micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-structured scales demands improvement of nonlinear piezoelectricity theory and a better understanding of the nonlinear behavior of new crystal materials. The nonlinearities affect the quality factor and acoustic behavior of MEMS and nano-structured resonators and filters. Among these nonlinear effects, drive-level dependence (DLD), which describes the instability of the resonator frequency resulting from voltage level and/or power density, is a potentially significant problem for miniaturized resonators. Langasite, a promising new piezoelectric material, is of current interest for a variety of applications because of its good temperature behavior, good piezoelectric coupling, low acoustic loss, and high Q-factor. It has been recently used to make high-temperature MEMS. In this paper, we report experimental measurements of the DLD of langasite resonators with different resonator configurations (plano-plano, single bevel, and double bevel). The results show that the resonator configuration affects the DLD of the langasite resonator. The DLD measurement results for langasite are compared with literature values for quartz, langaniste, and langatate, and with additional new measurements for a GaPO4 resonator of type R-30 (-11.1° rotated Y-cut). Uncertainty analysis for the measured drive-level sensitivity is performed as well.

Broken symmetry dielectric resonators for high quality factor Fano metasurfaces

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campione, Salvatore; Liu, Sheng; Basilio, Lorena I.

We present a new approach to dielectric metasurface design that relies on a single resonator per unit cell and produces robust, high quality factor Fano resonances. Our approach utilizes symmetry breaking of highly symmetric resonator geometries, such as cubes, to induce couplings between the otherwise orthogonal resonator modes. In particular, we design perturbations that couple “bright” dipole modes to “dark” dipole modes whose radiative decay is suppressed by local field effects in the array. Our approach is widely scalable from the near-infrared to radio frequencies. We first unravel the Fano resonance behavior through numerical simulations of a germanium resonator-based metasurfacemore » that achieves a quality factor of ~1300 at ~10.8 μm. Then, we present two experimental demonstrations operating in the near-infrared (~1 μm): a silicon-based implementation that achieves a quality factor of ~350; and a gallium arsenide-based structure that achieves a quality factor of ~600, the highest near-infrared quality factor experimentally demonstrated to date with this kind of metasurface. Importantly, large electromagnetic field enhancements appear within the resonators at the Fano resonant frequencies. Here, we envision that combining high quality factor, high field enhancement resonances with nonlinear and active/gain materials such as gallium arsenide will lead to new classes of active optical devices.« less

Resonance at the wrist demonstrated by the use of a torque motor: an instrumental analysis of muscle tone in man.

PubMed Central

Lakie, M; Walsh, E G; Wright, G W

1984-01-01

The resonance of the relaxed wrist for flexion-extension movements in the horizontal plane has been investigated by using rhythmic torques generated by a printed motor. In the normal subject the resonant frequency of the wrist is ca. 2 Hz unless the torque is reduced below a certain critical value when the system is no longer linear and the resonant frequency rises. This critical torque level, and the damping are both less in women than men. The resonant frequency is uninfluenced by surgical anaesthesia. With added bias the increase of resonant frequency at low torques still occurs although the hand is now oscillating about a displaced mean position. It follows that the stiffening implied by this elevation of resonant frequency for small movements is neither the result of pre-stressing of the muscles nor of reflex activity. With velocity feed-back of appropriate polarity the system will oscillate spontaneously at its resonant frequency. If the peak driving torque is progressively reduced the resonant frequency increases abruptly, indicating that the system has stiffened. Perturbations delivered to the wrist may reduce its stiffness. The postural system is thixotropic with a 'memory time' of 1-2 s. The resonant frequency is elevated in voluntary stiffening. PMID:6481624

Nonlinear Ion Harmonics in the Paul Trap with Added Octopole Field: Theoretical Characterization and New Insight into Nonlinear Resonance Effect.

PubMed

Xiong, Caiqiao; Zhou, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Ning; Zhan, Lingpeng; Chen, Yongtai; Nie, Zongxiu

2016-02-01

The nonlinear harmonics within the ion motion are the fingerprint of the nonlinear fields. They are exclusively introduced by these nonlinear fields and are responsible to some specific nonlinear effects such as nonlinear resonance effect. In this article, the ion motion in the quadrupole field with a weak superimposed octopole component, described by the nonlinear Mathieu equation (NME), was studied by using the analytical harmonic balance (HB) method. Good accuracy of the HB method, which was comparable with that of the numerical fourth-order Runge-Kutta (4th RK), was achieved in the entire first stability region, except for the points at the stability boundary (i.e., β = 1) and at the nonlinear resonance condition (i.e., β = 0.5). Using the HB method, the nonlinear 3β harmonic series introduced by the octopole component and the resultant nonlinear resonance effect were characterized. At nonlinear resonance, obvious resonant peaks were observed in the nonlinear 3β series of ion motion, but were not found in the natural harmonics. In addition, both resonant excitation and absorption peaks could be observed, simultaneously. These are two unique features of the nonlinear resonance, distinguishing it from the normal resonance. Finally, an approximation equation was given to describe the corresponding working parameter, q nr , at nonlinear resonance. This equation can help avoid the sensitivity degradation due to the operation of ion traps at the nonlinear resonance condition.

An analytic model for buoyancy resonances in protoplanetary disks

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lubow, Stephen H.; Zhu, Zhaohuan, E-mail: lubow@stsci.edu, E-mail: zhzhu@astro.princeton.edu

2014-04-10

Zhu et al. found in three-dimensional shearing box simulations a new form of planet-disk interaction that they attributed to a vertical buoyancy resonance in the disk. We describe an analytic linear model for this interaction. We adopt a simplified model involving azimuthal forcing that produces the resonance and permits an analytic description of its structure. We derive an analytic expression for the buoyancy torque and show that the vertical torque distribution agrees well with the results of the Athena simulations and a Fourier method for linear numerical calculations carried out with the same forcing. The buoyancy resonance differs from themore » classic Lindblad and corotation resonances in that the resonance lies along tilted planes. Its width depends on damping effects and is independent of the gas sound speed. The resonance does not excite propagating waves. At a given large azimuthal wavenumber k{sub y} > h {sup –1} (for disk thickness h), the buoyancy resonance exerts a torque over a region that lies radially closer to the corotation radius than the Lindblad resonance. Because the torque is localized to the region of excitation, it is potentially subject to the effects of nonlinear saturation. In addition, the torque can be reduced by the effects of radiative heat transfer between the resonant region and its surroundings. For each azimuthal wavenumber, the resonance establishes a large scale density wave pattern in a plane within the disk.« less

Effect of the heterogeneous neuron and information transmission delay on stochastic resonance of neuronal networks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Qingyun; Zhang, Honghui; Chen, Guanrong

2012-12-01

We study the effect of heterogeneous neuron and information transmission delay on stochastic resonance of scale-free neuronal networks. For this purpose, we introduce the heterogeneity to the specified neuron with the highest degree. It is shown that in the absence of delay, an intermediate noise level can optimally assist spike firings of collective neurons so as to achieve stochastic resonance on scale-free neuronal networks for small and intermediate αh, which plays a heterogeneous role. Maxima of stochastic resonance measure are enhanced as αh increases, which implies that the heterogeneity can improve stochastic resonance. However, as αh is beyond a certain large value, no obvious stochastic resonance can be observed. If the information transmission delay is introduced to neuronal networks, stochastic resonance is dramatically affected. In particular, the tuned information transmission delay can induce multiple stochastic resonance, which can be manifested as well-expressed maximum in the measure for stochastic resonance, appearing every multiple of one half of the subthreshold stimulus period. Furthermore, we can observe that stochastic resonance at odd multiple of one half of the subthreshold stimulus period is subharmonic, as opposed to the case of even multiple of one half of the subthreshold stimulus period. More interestingly, multiple stochastic resonance can also be improved by the suitable heterogeneous neuron. Presented results can provide good insights into the understanding of the heterogeneous neuron and information transmission delay on realistic neuronal networks.

Nonlinear elasticity in resonance experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Xun; Sens-Schönfelder, Christoph; Snieder, Roel

2018-04-01

Resonant bar experiments have revealed that dynamic deformation induces nonlinearity in rocks. These experiments produce resonance curves that represent the response amplitude as a function of the driving frequency. We propose a model to reproduce the resonance curves with observed features that include (a) the log-time recovery of the resonant frequency after the deformation ends (slow dynamics), (b) the asymmetry in the direction of the driving frequency, (c) the difference between resonance curves with the driving frequency that is swept upward and downward, and (d) the presence of a "cliff" segment to the left of the resonant peak under the condition of strong nonlinearity. The model is based on a feedback cycle where the effect of softening (nonlinearity) feeds back to the deformation. This model provides a unified interpretation of both the nonlinearity and slow dynamics in resonance experiments. We further show that the asymmetry of the resonance curve is caused by the softening, which is documented by the decrease of the resonant frequency during the deformation; the cliff segment of the resonance curve is linked to a bifurcation that involves a steep change of the response amplitude when the driving frequency is changed. With weak nonlinearity, the difference between the upward- and downward-sweeping curves depends on slow dynamics; a sufficiently slow frequency sweep eliminates this up-down difference. With strong nonlinearity, the up-down difference results from both the slow dynamics and bifurcation; however, the presence of the bifurcation maintains the respective part of the up-down difference, regardless of the sweep rate.

Viscoelastic effects on frequency tuning of a dielectric elastomer membrane resonator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Jianyou; Jiang, Liying, E-mail: lyjiang@eng.uwo.ca; Khayat, Roger E.

2014-03-28

As a recent application of dielectric elastomers (DEs), DE resonators have become an alternative to conventional silicon-based resonators used in MEMS and have attracted much interest from the research community. However, most existing modeling works for the DE resonators ignore the intrinsic viscoelastic effect of the material that may strongly influence their dynamic performance. Based on the finite-deformation viscoelasticity theory for dielectrics, this paper theoretically examines the in-plane oscillation of a DE membrane resonator to demonstrate how the material viscoelasticity affects the actuation and frequency tuning processes of the resonator. From the simulation results, it is concluded that not onlymore » the applied voltage can change the natural frequency of the resonator, but also the inelastic deformation contributes to frequency tuning. Due to the viscoelasticity of the material, the electrical loading rate influences the actuation process of the DE resonator, while it has little effect on the final steady frequency tuned by the prescribed voltage within the safety range. With the consideration of the typical failure modes of the resonator and the evolution process of the material, the tunable frequency range and the safe range of the applied voltage of the DE membrane resonator with different dimension parameters are determined in this work, which are found to be dependent on the electrical loading rate. This work is expected to provide a better understanding on the frequency tuning of viscoelastic DE membrane resonators and a guideline for the design of DE devices.« less

Auxiliary resonant DC tank converter

DOEpatents

Peng, Fang Z.

2000-01-01

An auxiliary resonant dc tank (ARDCT) converter is provided for achieving soft-switching in a power converter. An ARDCT circuit is coupled directly across a dc bus to the inverter to generate a resonant dc bus voltage, including upper and lower resonant capacitors connected in series as a resonant leg, first and second dc tank capacitors connected in series as a tank leg, and an auxiliary resonant circuit comprising a series combination of a resonant inductor and a pair of auxiliary switching devices. The ARDCT circuit further includes first clamping means for holding the resonant dc bus voltage to the dc tank voltage of the tank leg, and second clamping means for clamping the resonant dc bus voltage to zero during a resonant period. The ARDCT circuit resonantly brings the dc bus voltage to zero in order to provide a zero-voltage switching opportunity for the inverter, then quickly rebounds the dc bus voltage back to the dc tank voltage after the inverter changes state. The auxiliary switching devices are turned on and off under zero-current conditions. The ARDCT circuit only absorbs ripples of the inverter dc bus current, thus having less current stress. In addition, since the ARDCT circuit is coupled in parallel with the dc power supply and the inverter for merely assisting soft-switching of the inverter without participating in real dc power transmission and power conversion, malfunction and failure of the tank circuit will not affect the functional operation of the inverter; thus a highly reliable converter system is expected.

TT-Cut Torsional Quartz Crystal Resonators of Free-Free Bar-Type

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawashima, Hirofumi; Nakazato, Mitsuhiro

1994-05-01

This paper describes a TT-cut torsional quartz crystal resonator of free-free bar type. An object of this paper is to clarify the frequency temperature behavior, series resistance and a quality factor for TT-cut torsional quartz crystal resonators of free-free bar-type. The analysis results are then compared with the measured data. The principal results indicate that the calculated values of frequency temperature behavior for resonators of free-free bar-type agree comparatively well with the measured ones. Similar to the torsional resonators of tuning fork-type, a torsional quartz crystal resonator of free-free bar-type is also found to have an absolute value of the second order temperature coefficient β smaller than half a value of that for a flexural mode quartz crystal resonator.

Observation of high-order quantum resonances in the kicked rotor.

PubMed

Kanem, J F; Maneshi, S; Partlow, M; Spanner, M; Steinberg, A M

2007-02-23

Quantum resonances in the kicked rotor are characterized by a dramatically increased energy absorption rate, in stark contrast to the momentum localization generally observed. These resonances occur when the scaled Planck's constant Planck's [over ]=r/s 4pi, for any integers r and s. However, only the variant Planck's [over ]=r2pi resonances are easily observable. We have observed high-order quantum resonances (s>2) utilizing a sample of low energy, noncondensed atoms and a pulsed optical standing wave. Resonances are observed for variant Planck's [over ]=r/16 4pi for integers r=2-6. Quantum numerical simulations suggest that our observation of high-order resonances indicate a larger coherence length (i.e., coherence between different wells) than expected from an initially thermal atomic sample.

Dielectric-Like Behavior of Graphene in Au Plasmon Resonator.

PubMed

Liu, Junku; Li, Qunqing; Chen, Mo; Ren, Mengxin; Zhang, Lihui; Xiao, Lin; Jiang, Kaili; Fan, Shoushan

2016-12-01

Graphene has proven to be a promising conductive layer in fabricating optical plasmon resonators on insulator substrate using electron beam lithography and has the potential to construct electrically controlled active plasmon resonators. In this study, we investigate the effect of graphene on plasmon resonance using graphene and Au plasmon resonator system as a model at visible and near-infrared wavelength. Our experiment data show that the presence of graphene does not weaken and annihilate the plasmon resonance peaks, instead it predominantly makes the peaks redshift, which is similar to the behavior of depositing SiO 2 film on Au plasmon resonators. This fact indicates that graphene predominantly exhibits dielectric-like behavior at visible and near-infrared wavelength, which can be attributed to the low carrier density in graphene compared with metals.

PITCH-ANGLE SCATTERING: RESONANCE VERSUS NONRESONANCE, A BASIC TEST OF THE QUASILINEAR DIFFUSIVE RESULT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ragot, B. R.

2012-01-01

Due to the very broad range of the scales available for the development of turbulence in space and astrophysical plasmas, the energy at the resonant scales of wave-particle interaction often constitutes only a tiny fraction of the total magnetic turbulent energy. Despite the high efficiency of resonant wave-particle interaction, one may therefore question whether resonant interaction really is the determining interaction process between particles and turbulent fields. By evaluating and comparing resonant and nonresonant effects in the frame of a quasilinear calculation, the dominance of resonance is here put to the test. By doing so, a basic test of themore » classical resonant quasilinear diffusive result for the pitch-angle scattering of charged energetic particles is also performed.« less

Entangling distant resonant exchange qubits via circuit quantum electrodynamics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Srinivasa, V.; Taylor, J. M.; Tahan, Charles

2016-11-01

We investigate a hybrid quantum system consisting of spatially separated resonant exchange qubits, defined in three-electron semiconductor triple quantum dots, that are coupled via a superconducting transmission line resonator. Drawing on methods from circuit quantum electrodynamics and Hartmann-Hahn double resonance techniques, we analyze three specific approaches for implementing resonator-mediated two-qubit entangling gates in both dispersive and resonant regimes of interaction. We calculate entangling gate fidelities as well as the rate of relaxation via phonons for resonant exchange qubits in silicon triple dots and show that such an implementation is particularly well suited to achieving the strong coupling regime. Our approach combines the favorable coherence properties of encoded spin qubits in silicon with the rapid and robust long-range entanglement provided by circuit QED systems.

Ferromagnetic resonance of Ni wires fabricated on ferroelectric LiNbO3 substrate for studying magnetic anisotropy induced by the heterojunction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamaguchi, Akinobu; Nakao, Akiko; Ohkochi, Takuo; Yasui, Akira; Kinoshita, Toyohiko; Utsumi, Yuichi; Saiki, Tsunemasa; Yamada, Keisuke

2018-05-01

The electrical ferromagnetic resonance of micro-scale Ni wires with magnetic anisotropy induced by the heterojunction between the Ni layer and ferroelectric single crystalline LiNbO3 substrate was demonstrated by using rectifying effect. The two resonance modes were observed in the Ni wire aligned parallel to the applied magnetic field in plane. The lower resonance frequency mode is considered to correspond to the normal resonance mode with domain resonance, while the higher resonance mode is attributed to the mode which is contributed by the heterojunction between the Ni layer and LiNbO3 substrate. Our results manifest that the rectifying electrical detections are very useful for understating and evaluating the magnetic properties induced by the heterojunction.

High-Q, in-plane modes of nanomechanical resonators operated in air

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waggoner, Philip S.; Tan, Christine P.; Bellan, Leon; Craighead, Harold G.

2009-05-01

Nanomechanical resonators have traditionally been limited to use in vacuum due to low quality factors that come as a result of viscous damping effects in air or liquid. We have fabricated arrays of 90 nm thick trampoline-shaped resonators, studied their resonant frequency spectrum as a function of pressure, and found that some high frequency modes exhibit quality factors over 2000 at atmospheric pressure. We have excited the in-plane resonances of these devices, verified their identities both experimentally and with finite element modeling, and demonstrated their advantageous characteristics for ambient sensing. Even after deposition of a relatively thick polymer layer, the in-plane resonant modes still boast quality factors on the order of 2000. These results show promise for the use of nanomechanical resonant sensors in real-time atmospheric sensing applications.

Exploring on the Sensitivity Changes of the LC Resonance Magnetic Sensors Affected by Superposed Ringing Signals.

PubMed

Lin, Tingting; Zhou, Kun; Yu, Sijia; Wang, Pengfei; Wan, Ling; Zhao, Jing

2018-04-25

LC resonance magnetic sensors are widely used in low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) due to their high sensitivity, low cost and simple design. In magnetically shielded rooms, LC resonance magnetic sensors can exhibit sensitivities at the fT/√Hz level in the kHz range. However, since the equivalent magnetic field noise of this type of sensor is greatly affected by the environment, weak signals are often submerged in practical applications, resulting in relatively low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). To determine why noise increases in unshielded environments, we analysed the noise levels of an LC resonance magnetic sensor ( L ≠ 0) and a Hall sensor ( L ≈ 0) in different environments. The experiments and simulations indicated that the superposed ringing of the LC resonance magnetic sensors led to the observed increase in white noise level caused by environmental interference. Nevertheless, ringing is an inherent characteristic of LC resonance magnetic sensors. It cannot be eliminated when environmental interference exists. In response to this problem, we proposed a method that uses matching resistors with various values to adjust the quality factor Q of the LC resonance magnetic sensor in different measurement environments to obtain the best sensitivity. The LF-NMR experiment in the laboratory showed that the SNR is improved significantly when the LC resonance magnetic sensor with the best sensitivity is selected for signal acquisition in the light of the test environment. (When the matching resistance is 10 kΩ, the SNR is 3.46 times that of 510 Ω). This study improves LC resonance magnetic sensors for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection in a variety of environments.

Performance of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of first-time and reoperative primary hyperparathyroidism.

PubMed

Kluijfhout, Wouter P; Venkatesh, Shriya; Beninato, Toni; Vriens, Menno R; Duh, Quan-Yang; Wilson, David M; Hope, Thomas A; Suh, Insoo

2016-09-01

Preoperative imaging in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and a previous parathyroid operation is essential; however, performance of conventional imaging is poor in this subgroup. Magnetic resonance imaging appears to be a good alternative, though overall evidence remains scarce. We retrospectively investigated the performance of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with and without a previous parathyroid operation, with a separate comparison for dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. All patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging prior to parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism (first time or recurrent) between January 2000 and August 2015 at a high-volume, tertiary care, referral center for endocrine operations were included. We compared the sensitivity and positive predictive value of magnetic resonance imaging with conventional ultrasound and sestamibi on a per-lesion level. A total of 3,450 patients underwent parathyroidectomy, of which 84 patients with recurrent (n = 10) or persistent (n = 74) disease and 41 patients with a primary operation were included. Magnetic resonance imaging had a sensitivity and positive predictive value of 79.9% and 84.7%, respectively, and performance was good in both patients with and without a previous parathyroid operation. Adding magnetic resonance imaging to the combination of ultrasound and sestamibi resulted in a significant increase in sensitivity from 75.2% to 91.5%. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging produced excellent results in the reoperative group, with sensitivity and a positive predictive value of 90.1%. Technologic advances have enabled faster and more accurate magnetic resonance imaging protocols, making magnetic resonance imaging an excellent alternative modality without associated ionizing radiation. Our study shows that the sensitivity of multimodality imaging for parathyroid adenomas improved significantly with the use of conventional and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, even in the case of recurrent or persistent disease. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Development of an ICT-Based Air Column Resonance Learning Media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Purjiyanta, Eka; Handayani, Langlang; Marwoto, Putut

2016-08-01

Commonly, the sound source used in the air column resonance experiment is the tuning fork having disadvantage of unoptimal resonance results due to the sound produced which is getting weaker. In this study we made tones with varying frequency using the Audacity software which were, then, stored in a mobile phone as a source of sound. One advantage of this sound source is the stability of the resulting sound enabling it to produce the same powerful sound. The movement of water in a glass tube mounted on the tool resonance and the tone sound that comes out from the mobile phone were recorded by using a video camera. Sound resonances recorded were first, second, and third resonance, for each tone frequency mentioned. The resulting sound stays longer, so it can be used for the first, second, third and next resonance experiments. This study aimed to (1) explain how to create tones that can substitute tuning forks sound used in air column resonance experiments, (2) illustrate the sound wave that occurred in the first, second, and third resonance in the experiment, and (3) determine the speed of sound in the air. This study used an experimental method. It was concluded that; (1) substitute tones of a tuning fork sound can be made by using the Audacity software; (2) the form of sound waves that occured in the first, second, and third resonance in the air column resonance can be drawn based on the results of video recording of the air column resonance; and (3) based on the experiment result, the speed of sound in the air is 346.5 m/s, while based on the chart analysis with logger pro software, the speed of sound in the air is 343.9 ± 0.3171 m/s.

The Stability of Resonant Chains of Moons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rimlinger, Thomas; Hamilton, Douglas

2018-04-01

Unlike other giant planets, Saturn has a satellite system that is dominated by a single massive body, Titan, which features an unusually large inclination and eccentricity. Its origin has yet to be satisfactorily explained; neither in situ formation nor capture from heliocentric orbit can easily produce all of its measured properties. We argue that dynamical instability and subsequent mergers within a resonant chain of satellites analogous to the Galilean moons could be responsible for Titan’s unusual features.To explore this idea, we perform simulations in which we vary a wide range of parameters, including the number of satellites, their masses, their spacings, and their tidal migration and eccentricity damping rates. In our preliminary modeling, we initialize our simulations with three moons in the 1:2:4 mean-motion resonance (currently occupied by Io, Europa, and Ganymede at Jupiter) and study how varying each parameter affects the resonant stability. We find that in some cases, the satellites do indeed escape from this three-body resonance, while in others, the bodies’ period ratios remain locked. We study the evolution of these systems and seek a deeper understanding of the competing mechanisms responsible for resonant capture and escape.Accordingly, we investigate the role that specific two-body eccentricity and inclination resonances play in determining stability conditions. For three satellites in a 1:2:4 resonance, there exist four nearby first-order eccentricity resonances along with many other weaker eccentricity and inclination resonances. In our simulations, we track entrance into and exit from these resonances to provide a more cohesive picture of how the system evolves and find that this evolution depends sensitively on the masses and damping rates. We will report further details of our findings and will discuss their implications for the stability of resonant chains of moons.

Nonlinear bounce resonances between magnetosonic waves and equatorially mirroring electrons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Lunjin; Maldonado, Armando; Bortnik, Jacob; Thorne, Richard M.; Li, Jinxing; Dai, Lei; Zhan, Xiaoya

2015-08-01

Equatorially mirroring energetic electrons pose an interesting scientific problem, since they generally cannot resonate with any known plasma waves and hence cannot be scattered down to lower pitch angles. Observationally it is well known that the flux of these equatorial particles does not simply continue to build up indefinitely, and so a mechanism must necessarily exist that transports these particles from an equatorial pitch angle of 90° down to lower values. However, this mechanism has not been uniquely identified yet. Here we investigate the mechanism of bounce resonance with equatorial noise (or fast magnetosonic waves). A test particle simulation is used to examine the effects of monochromatic magnetosonic waves on the equatorially mirroring energetic electrons, with a special interest in characterizing the effectiveness of bounce resonances. Our analysis shows that bounce resonances can occur at the first three harmonics of the bounce frequency (nωb, n = 1, 2, and 3) and can effectively reduce the equatorial pitch angle to values where resonant scattering by whistler mode waves becomes possible. We demonstrate that the nature of bounce resonance is nonlinear, and we propose a nonlinear oscillation model for characterizing bounce resonances using two key parameters, effective wave amplitude à and normalized wave number k~z. The threshold for higher harmonic resonance is more strict, favoring higher à and k~z, and the change in equatorial pitch angle is strongly controlled by k~z. We also investigate the dependence of bounce resonance effects on various physical parameters, including wave amplitude, frequency, wave normal angle and initial phase, plasma density, and electron energy. It is found that the effect of bounce resonance is sensitive to the wave normal angle. We suggest that the bounce resonant interaction might lead to an observed pitch angle distribution with a minimum at 90°.

Computer simulation of magnetic resonance spectra employing homotopy.

PubMed

Gates, K E; Griffin, M; Hanson, G R; Burrage, K

1998-11-01

Multidimensional homotopy provides an efficient method for accurately tracing energy levels and hence transitions in the presence of energy level anticrossings and looping transitions. Herein we describe the application and implementation of homotopy to the analysis of continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. The method can also be applied to electron nuclear double resonance, electron spin echo envelope modulation, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and nuclear quadrupole resonance spectra. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

A study of spin isovector giant resonances with the208Pb(n, p)208Tl reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moinester, M. A.; Trudel, A.; Raywood, K.; Yen, S.; Spicer, B. M.; Abegg, R.; Alford, W. P.; Auerbach, N.; Celler, A.; Frekers, D.; Häusser, O.; Helmer, R. L.; Henderson, R.; Hicks, K. H.; Jackson, K. P.; Jeppesen, R. G.; King, N. S. P.; Long, S.; Miller, C. A.; Vetterli, M.; Watson, J.; Yavin, A. I.

1989-10-01

The208Pb(n, p)208Tl reaction was studied at 198 and 458 MeV in a search for isovector spin giant resonances. Peaks at 5.1 MeV and 13.6 MeV excitation in208Tl are observed and discussed as candidates for the T> spin giant dipole resonance (SGDR), the spin isovector monopole resonance (SIVM), and the spin isovector quadrupole resonance (SIVQ).

Resonant recombination and autoionization in electron-ion collisions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mueller, A.

1990-06-01

The occurence of resonances in elastic and inelastic electron-ion collisions is discussed. Resonant processes involve excitation of the ion with simultaneous capture of the initially free electron. The decay mechanism subsequent to the formation of the intermediate multiply excited state determines whether a resonance is found in recombination, excitation, elastic scattering, in single or even in multiple ionization. This review concentrates on resonances in the ionization channel. Correlated two-electron transitions are considered.

Unstable optical resonator loss calculations using the prony method.

PubMed

Siegman, A E; Miller, H Y

1970-12-01

The eigenvalues for all the significant low-order resonant modes of an unstable optical resonator with circular mirrors are computed using an eigenvalue method called the Prony method. A general equivalence relation is also given, by means of which one can obtain the design parameters for a single-ended unstable resonator of the type usually employed in practical lasers, from the calculated or tabulated values for an equivalent symmetric or double-ended unstable resonator.

Integrated optics ring-resonator chemical sensor with polymer transduction layer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ksendzov, A.; Homer, M. L.; Manfreda, A. M.

2004-01-01

An integrated optics chemical sensor based on a ring resonator with an ethyl cellulose polymer coating has been demonstrated. The measured sensitivity to isopropanol in air is 50 ppm-the level immediately useful for health-related air quality monitoring. The resonator was fabricated using SiO2 and SixNy materials. The signal readout is based on tracking the wavelength of a resonance peak. The resonator layout optimisation for sensing applications is discussed.

Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Stage I Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer: A Prospective Randomized Study.

PubMed

Brück, N; Koskivuo, I; Boström, P; Saunavaara, J; Aaltonen, R; Parkkola, R

2018-03-01

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging has become an important complementary imaging technique in patients with breast cancer, providing additional information for preoperative local staging. Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended selectively in lobular breast cancer and in patients with dense breast tissue in the case when mammography and ultrasound fail to fully evaluate the lesion, but the routine use of magnetic resonance imaging in all patients with invasive ductal carcinoma is controversial. The purpose of this randomized study was to investigate the diagnostic value of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and its impact on short-term surgical outcome in newly diagnosed unifocal stage I invasive ductal carcinoma. A total of 100 patients were randomized to either receive preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging or to be scheduled directly to operation without magnetic resonance imaging on a 1:1 basis. There were 50 patients in both study arms. In 14 patients (28%), breast magnetic resonance imaging detected an additional finding and seven of them were found to be malignant. Six additional cancer foci were found in the ipsilateral breast and one in the contralateral breast. Magnetic resonance imaging findings caused a change in planned surgical management in 10 patients (20%). Mastectomy was performed in six patients (12%) in the magnetic resonance imaging group and in two patients (4%) in the control group ( p = 0.140). The breast reoperation rate was 14% in the magnetic resonance imaging group and 24% in the control group ( p = 0.202). The mean interval between referral and first surgical procedure was 34 days in the magnetic resonance imaging group and 21 days in the control group ( p < 0.001). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging may be beneficial for some patients with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma, but its routine use is not recommended without specific indications.

Exploring the 7:4 mean motion resonance—I: Dynamical evolution of classical transneptunian objects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lykawka, Patryk Sofia; Mukai, Tadashi

2005-09-01

In the transneptunian classical region ( 42AU10°. Taking into account those particles still locked in the resonance at the end of the simulations, we determined a retainability of 12-15% for real 7:4 resonant transneptunian objects (TNOs). Lastly, our results demonstrate that classical TNOs associated with the 7:4 mean motion resonance have been evolving continuously until present with non-negligible mixing of populations.

On the Role of Resonances in Nonradial Pulsators

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Buchler, J. R.; Goupil, M. J.; Hansen, C. J.

1997-01-01

Resonances or near resonances are ubiquitous among the excited nonradial pulsation modes of variable stars and they must play an important role in determining their pulsational behavior. Here in a first step at nonlinear asteroseismology, we explore some of the consequences of resonances by means of the amplitude equation formalism. We show how parity and angular momentum constraints can be used to eliminate many of the possible nonlinear resonant couplings between modes (and multiplets of modes), and how the amplitude equations can thus be simplified. Even when we may not be able, nor wish, to make an ab initio computation of the values of the coupling coefficients, it is still possible to obtain constraints on the nature of the excited modes if a resonance between observed frequencies can be identified. Resonances can cause nonlinear frequency locking of modes. This means that the observed frequencies appear in exact resonance even though the linear frequencies are only approximately in resonance. The nonlinear frequency lock, when it occurs, it does so over a range of departures from linear resonance, and it is accompanied by constant pulsation amplitudes. The locked, nonlinear frequencies can differ noticeably from their nonresonant counterparts which are usually used in seismology. This is particularly true for multiplets of modes split by rotation. Beyond the regime of the frequency lock, amplitude and frequency modulations can appear in the pulsations. Far from the resonance condition one recovers the regime of steady pulsations with nonresonant frequencies for which the seismological studies, as they are presently carried out, are justified (provided furthermore, of course, that nonlinear frequency shifts are negligible). Success in identifying a resonance in an observed power spectrum depends on the quality of the data. While keeping this limitation in mind, ew discuss the possible existence of peculiar resonances the pulsations specific variable white dwarfs and delta Scuti stars.

Resonance Frequency Tuning of a Double Ring Resonator in GaInAsP/InP: Experiment and Simulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rabus, Dominik Gerhard; Hamacher, Michael; Heidrich, Helmut

2002-02-01

A racetrack shaped double ring resonator (DRR) filter is demonstrated with radii of 200 μm. The double ring resonator contains two -3 dB multimode interference (MMI) couplers for I/O coupling and a -13 dB codirectional coupler in between the rings. A free spectral range of 50 GHz has been realized. A simulation model has been developed to describe the DRR. As fabrication tolerances do not allow the realization of two identical rings with required nm-circumference accuracy in the resonator, a frequency alignment of the resonator is indispensable. The resonance frequency tuning is performed thermally using platinum resistors which have been placed on top of the waveguides in both rings. An on-off ratio increase has been achieved of more than 3 dB, resulting in a total on-off ratio larger than 18 dB. The frequency alignment is inevitable in the case of multiple coupled micro ring resonators.

Resonances from lattice QCD

DOE PAGES

Briceno, Raul A.

2018-03-26

The spectrum of hadron is mainly composed as shortly-lived states (resonance) that decay onto two or more hadrons. These resonances play an important role in a variety of phenomenologically significant processes. In this talk, I give an overview on the present status of a rigorous program for studying of resonances and their properties using lattice QCD. I explain the formalism needed for extracting resonant amplitudes from the finite-volume spectra. From these one can extract the masses and widths of resonances. I present some recent examples that illustrate the power of these ideas. I then explain similar formalism that allows formore » the determination of resonant electroweak amplitudes from finite-volume matrix elements. I use the recent calculation of the πγ* → ππ amplitude as an example illustrating the power of this formalism. From such amplitudes one can determine transition form factors of resonances. I close by reviewing on-going efforts to generalize these ideas to increasingly complex reactions and I then give a outlook of the field.« less