Sample records for user fee program

  1. 76 FR 44014 - Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-22

    ...] Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Request for Comments AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... development of a generic drug user fee program. A user fee program could provide necessary supplemental... generic drug user fees. New legislation would be required for FDA to establish and collect user fees for...

  2. 76 FR 24035 - Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-04-29

    ...] Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Request for Comments AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... development of a generic drug user fee program. A user fee program could provide necessary supplemental... announcing its intention to hold a public meeting related to generic drug user fees. The Agency continues to...

  3. 75 FR 63845 - Medical Device User Fees; Public Meeting; Extension of Comment Period

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-18

    ...] Medical Device User Fees; Public Meeting; Extension of Comment Period AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration... stakeholders on the Agency's medical user fee program and requested suggestions regarding the commitments FDA... interested stakeholders to discuss the Agency's medical user fee program and requested suggestions regarding...

  4. 75 FR 24970 - FBI Records Management Division National Name Check Program Section User Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-06

    ... Division National Name Check Program Section User Fees AGENCY: Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Justice. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: This notice establishes the user fee schedule for federal agencies... user fees for federal agencies requesting noncriminal name-based background checks of the Central...

  5. The intersection of urban form and mileage fees : findings from the Oregon road user fee pilot program

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2011-03-01

    This report analyzes data from the 2006-2007 Oregon Road User Fee Pilot Program to assess if and how urban form variables correlate with travel behavior changes that participants made in response to the mileage fee program. The study tested the impac...

  6. 40 CFR 700.41 - Radon user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Radon user fees. 700.41 Section 700.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT GENERAL Fees § 700.41 Radon user fees. User fees relating to radon proficiency programs authorized under the...

  7. 40 CFR 700.41 - Radon user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Radon user fees. 700.41 Section 700.41 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT GENERAL Fees § 700.41 Radon user fees. User fees relating to radon proficiency programs authorized under the...

  8. 76 FR 76424 - Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009; Proposed Recommendations for a User Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-07

    ...] Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009; Proposed Recommendations for a User Fee Program for... meeting to discuss the proposed recommendations for a user fee program for biosimilar biological products... 20993-0002, (301) 796-4463, Fax: (301) 847-8443, Email: BiosimilarsUser[email protected

  9. 76 FR 33307 - Generic Drug User Fee; Notice of Public Meeting; Extension of Comment Period

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-08

    ...] Generic Drug User Fee; Notice of Public Meeting; Extension of Comment Period AGENCY: Food and Drug... on the development of a generic drug user fee program. The Agency is taking this action to allow..., 75 FR 47820, FDA published a notice soliciting comment on development of a generic drug user fee...

  10. 77 FR 51814 - Draft Guidance for Industry on Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012: Questions and Answers...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... costs to industry. GDUFA enables FDA to assess user fees to support critical and measurable enhancements... critical and measurable enhancements to FDA's generic drugs program. GDUFA establishes fees for abbreviated... current thinking on generic drug user fee amendments of 2012. It does not create or confer any rights for...

  11. Stated choice models for predicting the impact of user fees at public recreation sites

    Treesearch

    Herbert W. Schroeder; Jordan Louviere

    1999-01-01

    A crucial question in the implementation of fee programs is how the users of recreation sites will respond to various levels and types of fees. Stated choice models can help managers anticipate the impact of user fees on people's choices among the alternative recreation sites available to them. Models developed for both day and overnight trips to several areas and...

  12. Support for wilderness recreation fees: The influence of fee purpose and day versus overnight use

    Treesearch

    Christine A. Vogt; Daniel R. Williams

    1999-01-01

    This paper examines public support for new user fees established at the Desolation Wilderness in California as part of the Fee Demonstration Program. Traditional approaches to fee policy evaluations have typically focused on economic or revenue issues and equity impacts of various pricing strategies. Support for fees has been shown to vary by users in terms of...

  13. 76 FR 79195 - Animal Drug User Fee Act; Reopening of the Comment Period

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-21

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0656] Animal Drug User Fee Act; Reopening of the Comment Period AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... notice, FDA requested comments on the Animal Drug User Fee Act (ADUFA) program to date and solicited...

  14. Structural equation modeling of users' response to wilderness recreation fees

    Treesearch

    Daniel R. Williams; Christine A. Vogt; Joar Vitterso

    1999-01-01

    This paper examines wilderness users' response to recently established overnight camping fees at the Desolation Wilderness in California. Fee program evaluations have typically focused on economic or revenue issues, distributional or equity impacts of various pricing strategies, and questions of price fairness. In the case of wilderness recreation fees, it is also...

  15. 78 FR 55261 - Draft Guidance for Industry on Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012: Questions and Answers...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-09-10

    ... public and reduce costs to industry. GDUFA enables FDA to assess user fees to support critical and... assess user fees to support critical and measurable enhancements to FDA's generic drugs program. GDUFA...). The draft guidance, when finalized, will represent the Agency's current thinking on ``Generic Drug...

  16. 77 FR 65321 - Importation, Exportation, and Transportation of Wildlife; User Fee Exemption Program for Low-Risk...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-26

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 14 [Docket No. FWS-HQ-LE-2012... Wildlife; User Fee Exemption Program for Low-Risk Importations and Exportations AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife... parts and products. To address this issue, the Service is implementing a program that exempts certain...

  17. 75 FR 76472 - Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009; Meetings on User Fee Program for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-08

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0602] Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009; Meetings on User Fee Program for Biosimilar and Interchangeable Biological Product Applications; Request for Notification of Stakeholder Intention To Participate...

  18. Establishment of revisit user fee program for Medicare survey and certification activities. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2007-09-19

    This final rule will establish a system of revisit user fees applicable to health care facilities that have been cited for deficiencies during initial certification, recertification, or substantiated complaint surveys and require a revisit to confirm that corrections to previously-identified deficiencies have been remedied. Consistent with the President's long-term goal to promote quality of health care and to cut the deficit in half by fiscal year (FY) 2009, the FY 2007 Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) budget request included both new mandatory savings proposals and a requirement that user fees be applied to health care providers that have failed to comply with Federal quality of care requirements. The "Revisit User Fees" will affect only those providers or suppliers for which a revisit is required to confirm that previously-identified failures to meet federal quality of care requirements have been remedied. The fees are estimated at $37.3 million annually and will recover the costs associated with the Medicare Survey and Certification program's revisit surveys. The fees will take effect on the date of publication of the final rule and will be in effect until the date that the continued authority provided by Congress expires. At the time of publication of this regulation the applicable date is September 30, 2007. If no legislation is enacted, the fees are not retroactive to the beginning of the fiscal year. Any provider or supplier that has a revisit survey conducted on or after the date of publication will be assessed a revisit user fee and will be notified of the assessment upon data system reconciliation which can occur following the closing of the fiscal year. The fees will be available to CMS until expended. The revisit user fee is included in the President's proposed FY 2008 budget. We note through the publication of this final rule that if authority for the revisit user fee is continued, we will use the current fee schedule in this rule for the assessment of such fees until such time as a new fee schedule notice is proposed and published in final form.

  19. 19 CFR 24.22 - Fees for certain services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... following address: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Attn: DTOPS Program Administrator, 6650 Telecom Drive... address: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Attn: DTOPS Program Administrator, 6650 Telecom Drive, Suite....S. Customs and Border Protection, Revenue Division, Attn: User Fee Team, 6650 Telecom Drive, Suite...

  20. 19 CFR 24.22 - Fees for certain services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... following address: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Attn: DTOPS Program Administrator, 6650 Telecom Drive... address: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Attn: DTOPS Program Administrator, 6650 Telecom Drive, Suite....S. Customs and Border Protection, Revenue Division, Attn: User Fee Team, 6650 Telecom Drive, Suite...

  1. 24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... COMMISSIONER, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Minimum Property... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs...

  2. 8 CFR 286.8 - Establishment of pilot programs for the charging of a land border fee for inspection services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS IMMIGRATION USER FEE § 286.8 Establishment of pilot... charge fees for immigration inspection services to be collected by the Commissioner. Individual ports-of... inspection services and to recover the cost of: (a) Hiring additional immigration inspectors, including all...

  3. The generic drug user fee amendments: an economic perspective

    PubMed Central

    Berndt, Ernst R; Murphy, Stephen J

    2018-01-01

    Abstract Since the vast majority of prescription drugs consumed by Americans are off patent (‘generic’), their regulation and supply is of wide interest. We describe events leading up to the US Congress's 2012 passage of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments (GDUFA I) as part of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA). Under GDUFA I, generic manufacturers agreed to pay approximately $300 million in fees each year of the five-year program. In exchange, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) committed to performance goals. We describe GDUFA I’s FDA commitments, provisions, goals, and annual fee structure and compare it to that entailed in the authorization and implementation of GDUFA II on October 1, 2017. We explain how user fees required under GDUFA I erected barriers to entry and created scale and scope economies for incumbent manufacturers. Congress changed user fees under GDUFA II in part to lessen these incentives. In order to initiate and sustain user fees under GDUFA legislation, FDA requires the submission of self-reported data on generic manufacturers including domestic and foreign facilities. These data are public and our examination of them provides an unprecedented window into the recent organization of generic drug manufacturers supplying the US market. Our results suggest that generic drug manufacturing is increasingly concentrated and foreign. We discuss the implications of this observed market structure for GDUFA II’s implementation among other outcomes. PMID:29707218

  4. 78 FR 46977 - Generic Drug User Fee-Abbreviated New Drug Application, Prior Approval Supplement, Drug Master...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ... costs to total FDA costs of the review of human generic drug activities for the first 3 of the preceding... review of human generic drug activities. Since the first year of the Generic Drug User Fee Program has... activities other than PC&B (see section 744B(c)(1)(C) of the FD&C Act). Table 3 of this document provides the...

  5. 9 CFR 130.10 - User fees for pet birds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false User fees for pet birds. 130.10... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.10 User fees for pet birds. (a) User fees for pet birds of U.S. origin returning to the United States, except pet birds of U.S. origin returning from Canada, are as follows...

  6. 9 CFR 130.10 - User fees for pet birds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false User fees for pet birds. 130.10... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.10 User fees for pet birds. (a) User fees for pet birds of U.S. origin returning to the United States, except pet birds of U.S. origin returning from Canada, are as follows...

  7. 9 CFR 130.10 - User fees for pet birds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false User fees for pet birds. 130.10... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.10 User fees for pet birds. (a) User fees for pet birds of U.S. origin returning to the United States, except pet birds of U.S. origin returning from Canada, are as follows...

  8. 9 CFR 130.10 - User fees for pet birds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for pet birds. 130.10... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.10 User fees for pet birds. (a) User fees for pet birds of U.S. origin returning to the United States, except pet birds of U.S. origin returning from Canada, are as follows...

  9. 9 CFR 130.10 - User fees for pet birds.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for pet birds. 130.10... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.10 User fees for pet birds. (a) User fees for pet birds of U.S. origin returning to the United States, except pet birds of U.S. origin returning from Canada, are as follows...

  10. 24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs... Department. (i) With respect to Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Structural Engineering Bulletins...

  11. 24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs... Department. (i) With respect to Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Structural Engineering Bulletins...

  12. 24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs... Department. (i) With respect to Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Structural Engineering Bulletins...

  13. 24 CFR 200.934 - User fee system for the technical suitability of products program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... section establishes fee requirements for the issuance of Structural Engineering Bulletins (SEBs), Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Truss Connector Bulletins (TCBs), Area Letters of Acceptance (ALAs... Department. (i) With respect to Mechanical Engineering Bulletins (MEBs), Structural Engineering Bulletins...

  14. 9 CFR 130.17 - User fees for other veterinary diagnostic laboratory tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for other veterinary... FEES USER FEES § 130.17 User fees for other veterinary diagnostic laboratory tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at authorized sites. (a) User fees for veterinary diagnostics tests performed at the...

  15. 9 CFR 130.17 - User fees for other veterinary diagnostic laboratory tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for other veterinary... FEES USER FEES § 130.17 User fees for other veterinary diagnostic laboratory tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at authorized sites. (a) User fees for veterinary diagnostics tests performed at the...

  16. Do client fees help or hurt?

    PubMed

    Barnett, B

    1998-01-01

    This article discusses the impact of client fees for family planning (FP) services on cost recovery and level of user services in developing countries. The UN Population Fund reports that developing country governments currently pay 75% of the costs of FP programs. Donors contribute 15%, and clients pay 10%. Current pressures are on FP services to broaden and improve their scope, while user demand is increasing. Program managers should consider the program's need for funds and the clients' willingness to pay. Clients are willing to pay about 1% of their income for contraception. A study of sterilization acceptance in Mexico finds that the average monthly case load declined by 10% after the 1st price increase from $43 to $55 and declined by 58% after the 2nd price increase to $60. Fewer low-income clients requested sterilization. A CEMOPLAF study in Ecuador finds that in three price increase situations the number of clients seeking services declined, but the economic mix of clients remained about the same. The decline was 20% in the group with a 20% price increase and 26% in the 40% increase group. In setting fees, the first need is to determine unit costs. The Futures Group International recommends considering political, regulatory, and institutional constraints for charging fees; priorities for revenue use; protection for poor clients; and monitoring of money collection and expenditure. Management Sciences for Health emphasizes consideration of the reasons for collection of fees, client affordability, and client perception of quality issues. Sliding scales can be used to protect poor clients. Charging fees for laboratory services can subsidize poor clients. A Bangladesh program operated a restaurant and catering service in order to subsidize FP services. Colombia's PROFAMILIA sells medical and surgical services and a social marketing program in order to expand clinics.

  17. 9 CFR 130.15 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification tests performed at NVSL...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or other authorized site. 130.15... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.15 User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification...

  18. 9 CFR 130.15 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification tests performed at NVSL...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or other authorized site. 130.15... AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.15 User fees for veterinary diagnostic isolation and identification...

  19. 9 CFR 130.14 - User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for FADDL veterinary..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.14 User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics. (a... 167.00 Rabbit antiserum, any agent 1 mL 179.00 185.00 190.00 196.00 (b) Veterinary diagnostics tests...

  20. 9 CFR 130.14 - User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for FADDL veterinary..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.14 User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics. (a... 167.00 Rabbit antiserum, any agent 1 mL 179.00 185.00 190.00 196.00 (b) Veterinary diagnostics tests...

  1. 75 FR 33704 - Loan Guaranty: Elimination of Redundant Regulations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-15

    ... budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of..., Handicapped, Housing, Indians, Individuals with disabilities, Loan programs--housing and community development...

  2. 75 FR 47820 - Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-09

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0381... fee program. The number of human generic drug applications awaiting FDA action and the median review... needed for presentations, FDA reserves the right to terminate the meeting early. If you need special...

  3. 42 CFR 422.6 - Cost-sharing in enrollment-related costs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... counseling and assistance program) and section 1860D-1(c) of the Act (relating to dissemination of enrollment...—(1) Timing of collection. CMS collects the fees over 9 consecutive months beginning with January of... under title XVIII. (f) Assessment methodology. (1) The amount of the applicable portion of the user fee...

  4. 42 CFR 422.6 - Cost-sharing in enrollment-related costs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... counseling and assistance program) and section 1860D-1(c) of the Act (relating to dissemination of enrollment...—(1) Timing of collection. CMS collects the fees over 9 consecutive months beginning with January of... under title XVIII. (f) Assessment methodology. (1) The amount of the applicable portion of the user fee...

  5. 42 CFR 422.6 - Cost-sharing in enrollment-related costs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... counseling and assistance program) and section 1860D-1(c) of the Act (relating to dissemination of enrollment...—(1) Timing of collection. CMS collects the fees over 9 consecutive months beginning with January of... under title XVIII. (f) Assessment methodology. (1) The amount of the applicable portion of the user fee...

  6. 76 FR 31823 - Technical Amendment to List of User Fee Airports: Addition of Dallas Love Field Municipal Airport...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-06-02

    ...] Technical Amendment to List of User Fee Airports: Addition of Dallas Love Field Municipal Airport, Dallas... fee airport designation for Dallas Love Field Municipal Airport, in Dallas, Texas. User fee airports... Love Field Municipal Airport. This document updates the list of user fee airports by adding Dallas Love...

  7. Measuring users' response to higher recreation fees

    Treesearch

    Stephen D. Reiling; Hsiang Tai Cheng; Cheryl Trott

    1992-01-01

    One of the arguments against higher fees at publicly-provided recreational facilities is that higher fees may force low-income users to reduce their use of facilities more than high-income users, or force them to stop using the facilities altogether if they cannot afford the higher fee. Measuring the impact of higher fees on current users with different income levels...

  8. User fees for public health care services in Hungary: expectations, experience, and acceptability from the perspectives of different stakeholders.

    PubMed

    Baji, Petra; Pavlova, Milena; Gulácsi, László; Groot, Wim

    2011-10-01

    The introduction of user fees for health care services is a new phenomenon in Central-Eastern European Countries. In Hungary, user fees were first introduced in 2007, but abolished one year later after a referendum. The aim of our study is to describe the experiences and expectations of health system stakeholders in Hungary related to user fees as well as their approval of such fees. For our analysis we use both qualitative and quantitative data from focus-group discussions with health care consumers and physicians, and in-depth interviews with policy makers and health insurance representatives. Our findings suggest that the reasons behind the unpopularity of user fees might be (a) the rejection of the objectives of user fees defined by the government, (b) negative personal experiences with user fees, and (c) the general mistrust of the Hungarian population when it comes to the utilization of public resources. Successful policy implementation of user fees requires social consensus on the policy objectives, also there should be real improvements in health care provision noticeable for consumers, to assure the fees acceptance. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. A practical tool for modeling biospecimen user fees.

    PubMed

    Matzke, Lise; Dee, Simon; Bartlett, John; Damaraju, Sambasivarao; Graham, Kathryn; Johnston, Randal; Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie; Murphy, Leigh; Shepherd, Lois; Schacter, Brent; Watson, Peter H

    2014-08-01

    The question of how best to attribute the unit costs of the annotated biospecimen product that is provided to a research user is a common issue for many biobanks. Some of the factors influencing user fees are capital and operating costs, internal and external demand and market competition, and moral standards that dictate that fees must have an ethical basis. It is therefore important to establish a transparent and accurate costing tool that can be utilized by biobanks and aid them in establishing biospecimen user fees. To address this issue, we built a biospecimen user fee calculator tool, accessible online at www.biobanking.org . The tool was built to allow input of: i) annual operating and capital costs; ii) costs categorized by the major core biobanking operations; iii) specimen products requested by a biobank user; and iv) services provided by the biobank beyond core operations (e.g., histology, tissue micro-array); as well as v) several user defined variables to allow the calculator to be adapted to different biobank operational designs. To establish default values for variables within the calculator, we first surveyed the members of the Canadian Tumour Repository Network (CTRNet) management committee. We then enrolled four different participants from CTRNet biobanks to test the hypothesis that the calculator tool could change approaches to user fees. Participants were first asked to estimate user fee pricing for three hypothetical user scenarios based on their biobanking experience (estimated pricing) and then to calculate fees for the same scenarios using the calculator tool (calculated pricing). Results demonstrated significant variation in estimated pricing that was reduced by calculated pricing, and that higher user fees are consistently derived when using the calculator. We conclude that adoption of this online calculator for user fee determination is an important first step towards harmonization and realistic user fees.

  10. 78 FR 53702 - User Fees for Processing Installment Agreements and Offers in Compromise

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-30

    ... User Fees for Processing Installment Agreements and Offers in Compromise AGENCY: Internal Revenue... document contains proposed amendments to the regulations that provide user fees for installment agreements... agencies to prescribe regulations that establish charges for services provided by the agencies (user fees...

  11. The impact of user fees on health services utilization and infectious disease diagnoses in Neno District, Malawi: a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study.

    PubMed

    Watson, S I; Wroe, E B; Dunbar, E L; Mukherjee, J; Squire, S B; Nazimera, L; Dullie, L; Lilford, R J

    2016-10-20

    User fees have generally fallen out of favor across Africa, and they have been associated with reductions in access to healthcare. We examined the effects of the introduction and removal of user fees on outpatient attendances and new diagnoses of HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis in Neno District, Malawi where user fees were re-instated at three of 13 health centres in 2013 and subsequently removed at one of these in 2015. We conducted two analyses. Firstly, an unadjusted comparison of outpatient visits and new diagnoses over three periods between July 2012 and October 2015: during the period with no user fees, at the re-introduction of user fees at four centres, and after the removal of user fees at one centre. Secondly, we estimated a linear model of the effect of user fees on the outcome of interest that controlled for unobserved health centre effects, monthly effects, and a linear time trend. The introduction of user fees was associated with a change in total attendances of -68 % [95 % CI: -89 %, -12 %], similar reductions were observed for new malaria and HIV diagnoses. The removal of user fees was associated with an increase in total attendances of 352 % [213 %, 554 %] with similar increases for malaria diagnoses. The results were not sensitive to control group or model specification. User fees for outpatient healthcare services present a barrier to patients accessing healthcare and reduce detection of serious infectious diseases.

  12. 75 FR 75170 - APHIS User Fee Web Site

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-02

    ...] APHIS User Fee Web Site AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice... recover the costs of providing certain services. This notice announces the availability of a Web site that contains information about the Agency's user fees. ADDRESSES: The Agency's user fee Web site is located at...

  13. 77 FR 35992 - Agency Information Collection Activities: User Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-15

    ... Activities: User Fees AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Department of Homeland Security... User Fees. This request for comment is being made pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (Pub... soliciting comments concerning the following information collection: Title: User Fees. OMB Number: 1651-0052...

  14. 78 FR 19714 - User Fees and Refunds for Premarket Approval Applications and Device Biologics License...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-02

    ...] User Fees and Refunds for Premarket Approval Applications and Device Biologics License Applications... availability of the guidance entitled ``User Fees and Refunds for Premarket Approval Applications (PMAs) and... for single copies of the guidance document entitled ``User Fees and Refunds for Premarket Approval...

  15. Hidden costs: the direct and indirect impact of user fees on access to malaria treatment and primary care in Mali.

    PubMed

    Johnson, Ari; Goss, Adeline; Beckerman, Jessica; Castro, Arachu

    2012-11-01

    About 20 years after initial calls for the introduction of user fees in health systems in sub-Saharan Africa, a growing coalition is advocating for their removal. Several African countries have abolished user fees for health care for some or all of their citizens. However, fee-for-service health care delivery remains a primary health care funding model in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the impact of user fees on utilization of health services and household finances has been studied extensively, further research is needed to characterize the multi-faceted health and social problems associated with charging user fees. This ethnographic study aims to identify consequences of user fees on gender inequality, food insecurity, and household decision-making for a group of women living in poverty. Ethnographic life history interviews were conducted with 24 women in Yirimadjo, Mali in 2007. Purposive sampling selected participants across a broad socio-economic spectrum. Semi-structured interviews addressed participants' past medical history, socio-economic status, social and family history, and access to health care. Interview transcripts were coded using the guiding analytical framework of structural violence. Interviews revealed that user fees for health care not only decreased utilization of health services, but also resulted in delayed presentation for care, incomplete or inadequate care, compromised food security and household financial security, and reduced agency for women in health care decision making. The effects of user fees were amplified by conditions of poverty, as well as gender and health inequality; user fees in turn reinforced the inequalities created by those very conditions. The qualitative data reveal multi-faceted health and socioeconomic effects of user fees, and illustrate that user fees for health care may impact quality of care, health outcomes, food insecurity, and gender inequality, in addition to impacting health care utilization and household finances. As many countries consider user fee abolition policies, these findings indicate the need to create a broader evaluation framework-one that can measure the health and socioeconomic impacts of user fee polices and of their removal. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. 78 FR 28926 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE MKT LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-16

    ... Establishing Non- Display Usage Fees and Amending the Professional End-User Fees for NYSE Amex Options Market... proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the Professional End-User fees for NYSE Amex... The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the Professional End-User fees...

  17. 76 FR 5830 - FBI Records Management Division; National Name Check Program Section; New User Fees Schedule

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-02

    ... study employed the same Activity Based Cost (ABC) accounting method detailed in the Final Rule establishing the process for setting fees (75 FR 24796 (May 6, 2010)). The ABC methodology is consistent with widely accepted accounting principles and complies with the provisions of 31 U.S.C. 9701 and other...

  18. 77 FR 74201 - Customs Brokers User Fee Payment for 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-13

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U.S. Customs and Border Protection Customs Brokers User Fee... of the 2013 Customs Broker User Fee is due February 15, 2013. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Craig... establish that effective April 1, 2007, an annual user fee of $138 is to be assessed for each customs broker...

  19. 77 FR 51818 - Agency Information Collection Activities; User Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... Activities; User Fees AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security. ACTION: 30... review and approval in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act: User Fees. This is a proposed...: User Fees. OMB Number: 1651-0052. Form Number: CBP Forms 339A, 339C and 339V. Abstract: The...

  20. 76 FR 65741 - Customs Brokers User Fee Payment for 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-24

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Customs and Border Protection Customs Brokers User Fee Payment for... 2012 in accordance with the Tax Reform Act of 1986. DATES: Payment of the 2012 Customs Broker User Fee..., an annual user fee of $138 is to be assessed for each customs broker permit and national permit held...

  1. 76 FR 1626 - Customs Brokers User Fee Payment for 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-11

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY U.S. Customs and Border Protection Customs Brokers User Fee... in accordance with the Tax Reform Act of 1986. DATES: Payment of the 2011 Customs Broker User Fee is... annual user fee of $138 is to be assessed for each customs broker permit and national permit held by an...

  2. 19 CFR 122.15 - User fee airports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false User fee airports. 122.15 Section 122.15 Customs... AIR COMMERCE REGULATIONS Classes of Airports § 122.15 User fee airports. (a) Permission to land. The procedures for obtaining permission to land at a user fee airport are the same procedures as those set forth...

  3. 19 CFR 122.15 - User fee airports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false User fee airports. 122.15 Section 122.15 Customs... AIR COMMERCE REGULATIONS Classes of Airports § 122.15 User fee airports. (a) Permission to land. The procedures for obtaining permission to land at a user fee airport are the same procedures as those set forth...

  4. 19 CFR 122.15 - User fee airports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false User fee airports. 122.15 Section 122.15 Customs... AIR COMMERCE REGULATIONS Classes of Airports § 122.15 User fee airports. (a) Permission to land. The procedures for obtaining permission to land at a user fee airport are the same procedures as those set forth...

  5. 76 FR 13629 - Revised Draft Guidance for Industry on User Fee Waivers, Reductions, and Refunds for Drug and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-14

    ...] Revised Draft Guidance for Industry on User Fee Waivers, Reductions, and Refunds for Drug and Biological... entitled ``User Fee Waivers, Reductions, and Refunds for Drug and Biological Products.'' This revised draft... industry entitled ``User Fee Waivers, Reductions, and Refunds for Drug and Biological Products.'' This...

  6. Biospecimen User Fees: Global Feedback on a Calculator Tool.

    PubMed

    Matzke, Lise A M; Babinszky, Sindy; Slotty, Alex; Meredith, Anna; Castillo-Pelayo, Tania; Henderson, Marianne K; Simeon-Dubach, Daniel; Schacter, Brent; Watson, Peter H

    2017-02-01

    The notion of attributing user fees to researchers for biospecimens provided by biobanks has been discussed frequently in the literature. However, the considerations around how to attribute the cost for these biospecimens and data have, until recently, not been well described. Common across most biobank disciplines are similar factors that influence user fees such as capital and operating costs, internal and external demand, and market competition. A biospecimen user fee calculator tool developed by CTRNet, a tumor biobank network, was published in 2014 and is accessible online at www.biobanking.org . The next year a survey was launched that tested the applicability of this user fee tool among a global health research biobank user base, including both cancer and noncancer biobanking. Participants were first asked to estimate user fee pricing for three hypothetical user scenarios based on their biobanking experience (estimated pricing) and then to calculate fees for the same scenarios using the calculator tool (calculated pricing). Results demonstrated variation in estimated pricing that was reduced by calculated pricing. These results are similar to those found in a similar previous study restricted to a group of Canadian tumor biobanks. We conclude that the use of a biospecimen user fee calculator contributes to reduced variation of user fees and for biobank groups (e.g., biobank networks), could become an important part of a harmonization strategy.

  7. Biospecimen User Fees: Global Feedback on a Calculator Tool

    PubMed Central

    Babinszky, Sindy; Slotty, Alex; Meredith, Anna; Castillo-Pelayo, Tania; Henderson, Marianne K.; Simeon-Dubach, Daniel; Schacter, Brent; Watson, Peter H.

    2017-01-01

    The notion of attributing user fees to researchers for biospecimens provided by biobanks has been discussed frequently in the literature. However, the considerations around how to attribute the cost for these biospecimens and data have, until recently, not been well described. Common across most biobank disciplines are similar factors that influence user fees such as capital and operating costs, internal and external demand, and market competition. A biospecimen user fee calculator tool developed by CTRNet, a tumor biobank network, was published in 2014 and is accessible online at www.biobanking.org. The next year a survey was launched that tested the applicability of this user fee tool among a global health research biobank user base, including both cancer and noncancer biobanking. Participants were first asked to estimate user fee pricing for three hypothetical user scenarios based on their biobanking experience (estimated pricing) and then to calculate fees for the same scenarios using the calculator tool (calculated pricing). Results demonstrated variation in estimated pricing that was reduced by calculated pricing. These results are similar to those found in a similar previous study restricted to a group of Canadian tumor biobanks. We conclude that the use of a biospecimen user fee calculator contributes to reduced variation of user fees and for biobank groups (e.g., biobank networks), could become an important part of a harmonization strategy. PMID:27576065

  8. 78 FR 46970 - Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ...] Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION... procedures for medical device user fees for fiscal year (FY) 2014. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.... The FY 2014 fee rates are provided in this document. These fees apply from October 1, 2013, through...

  9. 75 FR 45641 - Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-03

    ...] Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2011 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION... payment procedures for medical device user fees for fiscal year (FY) 2011. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act), as amended by the Medical Device User Fee Amendments of 2007 (title II of the Food...

  10. 78 FR 53152 - Prescription Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014; Correction

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-28

    ...] Prescription Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014; Correction AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS... ``Prescription Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014'' that appeared in the Federal Register of August 2, 2013 (78 FR 46980). The document announced the Fiscal Year 2014 fee rates for the Prescription Drug User...

  11. 9 CFR 130.19 - User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials provided at NVSL (excluding FADDL).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for other veterinary... User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials provided at NVSL (excluding FADDL). (a) User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials available from NVSL (excluding FADDL...

  12. 9 CFR 130.19 - User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials provided at NVSL (excluding FADDL).

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for other veterinary... User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials provided at NVSL (excluding FADDL). (a) User fees for other veterinary diagnostic services or materials available from NVSL (excluding FADDL...

  13. 9 CFR 130.16 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at authorized sites. 130.16 Section 130.16 Animals... USER FEES § 130.16 User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding...

  14. 9 CFR 130.16 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding FADDL) or at authorized sites. 130.16 Section 130.16 Animals... USER FEES § 130.16 User fees for veterinary diagnostic serology tests performed at NVSL (excluding...

  15. The Prescription Drug User Fee Act: Cause for Concern?

    PubMed

    Gabay, Michael

    2018-04-01

    The Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) was originally enacted into law in 1992. PDUFA provides the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with needed revenue in the form of various fees paid by drug and biologic manufacturers. The FDA utilizes this revenue to streamline the review and approval process for medications. Since the enactment of PDUFA, the median approval time for priority new drug applications and biologics license applications has reduced significantly. The FDA views PDUFA as a successful program that provides a consistent revenue stream to the agency, improves access to medications for patients, and allows industry to have a more predictable product review timeline. However, critics of PDUFA cite concerns including the potential for a lack of FDA independence and medication safety issues involving drugs approved after the existence of PDUFA.

  16. 7 CFR 504.4 - Exemptions from user fee charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.4 Exemptions from user fee charges. (a) USDA laboratories and ARS cooperators designated by the Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection are exempt from fee assessments. (b) The Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection is delegated the authority to approve and revoke...

  17. 7 CFR 504.4 - Exemptions from user fee charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.4 Exemptions from user fee charges. (a) USDA laboratories and ARS cooperators designated by the Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection are exempt from fee assessments. (b) The Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection is delegated the authority to approve and revoke...

  18. 7 CFR 504.4 - Exemptions from user fee charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.4 Exemptions from user fee charges. (a) USDA laboratories and ARS cooperators designated by the Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection are exempt from fee assessments. (b) The Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection is delegated the authority to approve and revoke...

  19. 7 CFR 504.4 - Exemptions from user fee charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.4 Exemptions from user fee charges. (a) USDA laboratories and ARS cooperators designated by the Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection are exempt from fee assessments. (b) The Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection is delegated the authority to approve and revoke...

  20. 7 CFR 504.4 - Exemptions from user fee charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.4 Exemptions from user fee charges. (a) USDA laboratories and ARS cooperators designated by the Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection are exempt from fee assessments. (b) The Curator of the ARS Patent Culture Collection is delegated the authority to approve and revoke...

  1. Implementation of patient charges at primary care facilities in Kenya: implications of low adherence to user fee policy for users and facility revenue

    PubMed Central

    Opwora, Antony; Waweru, Evelyn; Toda, Mitsuru; Noor, Abdisalan; Edwards, Tansy; Fegan, Greg; Molyneux, Sassy; Goodman, Catherine

    2015-01-01

    With user fees now seen as a major hindrance to universal health coverage, many countries have introduced fee reduction or elimination policies, but there is growing evidence that adherence to reduced fees is often highly imperfect. In 2004, Kenya adopted a reduced and uniform user fee policy providing fee exemptions to many groups. We present data on user fee implementation, revenue and expenditure from a nationally representative survey of Kenyan primary health facilities. Data were collected from 248 randomly selected public health centres and dispensaries in 2010, comprising an interview with the health worker in charge, exit interviews with curative outpatients, and a financial record review. Adherence to user fee policy was assessed for eight tracer conditions based on health worker reports, and patients were asked about actual amounts paid. No facilities adhered fully to the user fee policy across all eight tracers, with adherence ranging from 62.2% for an adult with tuberculosis to 4.2% for an adult with malaria. Three quarters of exit interviewees had paid some fees, with a median payment of US dollars (USD) 0.39, and a quarter of interviewees were required to purchase additional medical supplies at a later stage from a private drug retailer. No consistent pattern of association was identified between facility characteristics and policy adherence. User fee revenues accounted for almost all facility cash income, with average revenue of USD 683 per facility per year. Fee revenue was mainly used to cover support staff, non-drug supplies and travel allowances. Adherence to user fee policy was very low, leading to concerns about the impact on access and the financial burden on households. However, the potential to ensure adherence was constrained by the facilities’ need for revenue to cover basic operating costs, highlighting the need for alternative funding strategies for peripheral health facilities. PMID:24837638

  2. 49 CFR 1002.3 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... updating fees. Each fee shall be updated by updating the cost components comprising the fee. Cost... direct labor costs are direct labor costs determined by the cost study set forth in Revision of Fees For... by total office costs for the Offices directly associated with user fee activity. Actual updating of...

  3. Economic Impacts of the Generic Drug User Fee Act Fee Structure.

    PubMed

    Dong, Ke; Boehm, Garth; Zheng, Qiang

    2017-06-01

    A Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Generic Drug User system, Generic Drug User Fee Amendment of 2012 (GDUFA), started October 1, 2012, and has been in place for over 3 years. There is controversy about the GDUFA fee structure but no analysis of GDUFA data that we could find. To look at the economic impact of the GDUFA fee structure. We compared the structure of GDUFA with that of other FDA Human Drug User fees. We then, using FDA-published information, analyzed where GDUFA facility and Drug Master File fees are coming from. We used the Orange Book to identify the sponsors of all approved Abbreviated New Drug Applications (ANDAs) and the S&P Capital IQ database to find the ultimate parent companies of sponsors of approved ANDAs. The key differences between the previous structure for Human Drug User fees and the GDUFA are as follows: GDUFA has no approved product fee and no first-time or small business fee exemptions and GDUFA charges facility fees from the time of filing and charges a foreign facility levy. Most GDUFA fees are paid by or on behalf of foreign entities. The top 10 companies hold nearly 50% of all approved ANDAs but pay about 14% of GDUFA facility fees. We conclude that the regressive nature of the GDUFA fee structure penalizes small, new, and foreign firms while benefiting the large established firms. A progressive fee structure in line with other human drug user fees is needed to ensure a healthy generic drug industry. Copyright © 2017 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  4. Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technologies

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1998-06-30

    participants; car sharing logistics; liability issues; billing and col- lecting user fees; service and maintenance support; data acquisition; and...driven on the freeway, and their circumstances had changed. Among the challenges facing station-car and car - sharing programs that use EVs rather than...funding; selection and training of users; many different types of participants; car sharing logistics; liability issues; billing and collecting user

  5. Effects of user fee exemptions on the provision and use of maternal health services: a review of literature.

    PubMed

    Hatt, Laurel E; Makinen, Marty; Madhavan, Supriya; Conlon, Claudia M

    2013-12-01

    User fee removal has been put forward as an approach to increasing priority health service utilization, reducing impoverishment, and ultimately reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. However, user fees are a source of facility revenue in many low-income countries, often used for purchasing drugs and supplies and paying incentives to health workers. This paper reviews evidence on the effects of user fee exemptions on maternal health service utilization, service provision, and outcomes, including both supply-side and demand-side effects. We reviewed 19 peer-reviewed research articles addressing user fee exemptions and maternal health services or outcomes published since 1990. Studies were identified through a USAID-commissioned call for evidence, key word search, and screening process. Teams of reviewers assigned criteria-based quality scores to each paper and prepared structured narrative reviews. The grade of the evidence was found to be relatively weak, mainly from short-term, non-controlled studies. The introduction of user fee exemptions appears to have resulted in increased rates of facility-based deliveries and caesarean sections in some contexts. Impacts on maternal and neonatal mortality have not been conclusively demonstrated; exemptions for delivery care may contribute to modest reductions in institutional maternal mortality but the evidence is very weak. User fee exemptions were found to have negative, neutral, or inconclusive effects on availability of inputs, provider motivation, and quality of services. The extent to which user fee revenue lost by facilities is replaced can directly affect service provision and may have unintended consequences for provider motivation. Few studies have looked at the equity effects of fee removal, despite clear evidence that fees disproportionately burden the poor. This review highlights potential and documented benefits (increased use of maternity services) as well as risks (decreased provider motivation and quality) of user fee exemption policies for maternal health services. Governments should link user fee exemption policies with the replacement of lost revenue for facilities as well as broader health system improvements, including facility upgrades, ensured supply of needed inputs, and improved human resources for health. Removing user fees may increase uptake but will not reduce mortality proportionally if the quality of facility-based care is poor. More rigorous evaluations of both demand- and supply-side effects of mature fee exemption programmes are needed.

  6. A Comparative Analysis for Wilderness User Fee Policy.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Leuschner, William A.; And Others

    1987-01-01

    Two similar wilderness areas, one of which charges user fees, were sampled in order to compare user characteristics, trip characteristics, and travel cost demand functions. The purpose was to examine the effect fees had on user behavior and choices of area. Results are presented. (MT)

  7. 77 FR 72359 - Animal Generic Drug User Fee Act; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-05

    ... increase the revenue stream stability and reduce application fee costs. III. What information should you...] Animal Generic Drug User Fee Act; Public Meeting; Request for Comments AGENCY: Food and Drug... announcing the following meeting: Animal Generic Drug User Fee Act. The topic to be discussed is proposed...

  8. 1997 Federal Highway Cost Allocation Study. Summary Report

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-08-01

    This is the first Federal Highway Cost Allocation Study (HCAS) since 1982. There are two key reasons for conducting this study. The first is to determine how changes in the Federal highway program and user fees which support that program have affecte...

  9. 78 FR 46955 - Animal Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ...] Animal Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2014 AGENCY: Food and Drug... payment procedures for fiscal year (FY) 2014 animal drug user fees. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic... submissions. This notice establishes the fee rates for FY 2014. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Visit FDA's...

  10. 9 CFR 130.51 - Penalties for nonpayment or late payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... payment. 130.51 Section 130.51 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.51 Penalties for nonpayment or late payment. (a) Unpaid... payment is due; (ii) For billed fees, the user fee is unpaid 60 days after date of bill; (iii) The person...

  11. 9 CFR 130.51 - Penalties for nonpayment or late payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... payment. 130.51 Section 130.51 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.51 Penalties for nonpayment or late payment. (a) Unpaid... payment is due; (ii) For billed fees, the user fee is unpaid 60 days after date of bill; (iii) The person...

  12. 9 CFR 130.51 - Penalties for nonpayment or late payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... payment. 130.51 Section 130.51 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.51 Penalties for nonpayment or late payment. (a) Unpaid... payment is due; (ii) For billed fees, the user fee is unpaid 60 days after date of bill; (iii) The person...

  13. 9 CFR 130.51 - Penalties for nonpayment or late payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... payment. 130.51 Section 130.51 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.51 Penalties for nonpayment or late payment. (a) Unpaid... payment is due; (ii) For billed fees, the user fee is unpaid 60 days after date of bill; (iii) The person...

  14. 9 CFR 130.51 - Penalties for nonpayment or late payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... payment. 130.51 Section 130.51 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.51 Penalties for nonpayment or late payment. (a) Unpaid... payment is due; (ii) For billed fees, the user fee is unpaid 60 days after date of bill; (iii) The person...

  15. 7 CFR 500.25 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... enters into an agreement to allow USNA visitors and users to make payment in the form of a credit card, USNA visitors and users who are assessed user fees may pay those fees with a credit card subject to the...

  16. 7 CFR 500.25 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... enters into an agreement to allow USNA visitors and users to make payment in the form of a credit card, USNA visitors and users who are assessed user fees may pay those fees with a credit card subject to the...

  17. 7 CFR 500.25 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... enters into an agreement to allow USNA visitors and users to make payment in the form of a credit card, USNA visitors and users who are assessed user fees may pay those fees with a credit card subject to the...

  18. 7 CFR 500.25 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... enters into an agreement to allow USNA visitors and users to make payment in the form of a credit card, USNA visitors and users who are assessed user fees may pay those fees with a credit card subject to the...

  19. 7 CFR 500.25 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... enters into an agreement to allow USNA visitors and users to make payment in the form of a credit card, USNA visitors and users who are assessed user fees may pay those fees with a credit card subject to the...

  20. Implementation of patient charges at primary care facilities in Kenya: implications of low adherence to user fee policy for users and facility revenue.

    PubMed

    Opwora, Antony; Waweru, Evelyn; Toda, Mitsuru; Noor, Abdisalan; Edwards, Tansy; Fegan, Greg; Molyneux, Sassy; Goodman, Catherine

    2015-05-01

    With user fees now seen as a major hindrance to universal health coverage, many countries have introduced fee reduction or elimination policies, but there is growing evidence that adherence to reduced fees is often highly imperfect. In 2004, Kenya adopted a reduced and uniform user fee policy providing fee exemptions to many groups. We present data on user fee implementation, revenue and expenditure from a nationally representative survey of Kenyan primary health facilities. Data were collected from 248 randomly selected public health centres and dispensaries in 2010, comprising an interview with the health worker in charge, exit interviews with curative outpatients, and a financial record review. Adherence to user fee policy was assessed for eight tracer conditions based on health worker reports, and patients were asked about actual amounts paid. No facilities adhered fully to the user fee policy across all eight tracers, with adherence ranging from 62.2% for an adult with tuberculosis to 4.2% for an adult with malaria. Three quarters of exit interviewees had paid some fees, with a median payment of US dollars (USD) 0.39, and a quarter of interviewees were required to purchase additional medical supplies at a later stage from a private drug retailer. No consistent pattern of association was identified between facility characteristics and policy adherence. User fee revenues accounted for almost all facility cash income, with average revenue of USD 683 per facility per year. Fee revenue was mainly used to cover support staff, non-drug supplies and travel allowances. Adherence to user fee policy was very low, leading to concerns about the impact on access and the financial burden on households. However, the potential to ensure adherence was constrained by the facilities' need for revenue to cover basic operating costs, highlighting the need for alternative funding strategies for peripheral health facilities. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2014.

  1. UserTesting.com: A Tool for Usability Testing of Online Resources

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Koundinya, Vikram; Klink, Jenna; Widhalm, Melissa

    2017-01-01

    Extension educators are increasingly using online resources in their program design and delivery. Usability testing is essential for ensuring that these resources are relevant and useful to learners. On the basis of our experiences with iteratively developing products using a testing service called UserTesting, we promote the use of fee-based…

  2. 7 CFR 504.3 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Payment of fees. 504.3 Section 504.3 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES § 504.3 Payment of fees. (a) Payment of user fees must accompany a culture deposit or...

  3. Elimination of User-Fees in Tertiary Education: A Distributive Analysis for Ecuador

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Ponce, Juan; Loayza, Yessenia

    2012-01-01

    This paper offers new evidence and methods for understanding the distributive effect of a universal government policy to eliminate user fees in public universities in Ecuador. The main argument to eliminate user fees in higher education is that it will increase enrollment among the poor. In this regard, eliminating tuition fees is supposed to be a…

  4. 78 FR 5133 - Technical Corrections Regarding the Methods of Collection of Certain User Fees by CBP

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-24

    ...] Technical Corrections Regarding the Methods of Collection of Certain User Fees by CBP AGENCY: U.S. Customs... electronic payments through the DTOPS. While CBP's preferred method of receiving user fee prepayment requests...

  5. Funding sources for Canadian biorepositories: the role of user fees and strategies to help fill the gap.

    PubMed

    Barnes, Rebecca O; Schacter, Brent; Kodeeswaran, Sugy; Watson, Peter H

    2014-10-01

    Biorepositories, the coordinating hubs for the collection and annotation of biospecimens, are under increasing financial pressure and are challenged to remain sustainable. To gain a better understanding of the current funding situation for Canadian biorepositories and the relative contributions they receive from different funding sources, the Canadian Tumour Repository Network (CTRNet) conducted two surveys. The first survey targeted CTRNet's six main nodes to ascertain the relative funding sources and levels of user fees. The second survey was targeted to a broader range of biorepositories (n=45) to ascertain business practices in application of user fees. The results show that >70% of Canadian biorepositories apply user fees and that the majority apply differential fees to different user groups (academic vs. industry, local vs. international). However, user fees typically comprise only 6% of overall operational budgets. We conclude that while strategies to drive up user fee levels need to be implemented, it is essential for the many stakeholders in the biomedical health research sector to consider this issue in order to ensure the ongoing availability of research biospecimens and data that are standardized, high-quality, and that are therefore capable of meeting research needs.

  6. 77 FR 74164 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-13

    ... Marketing Service Title: Export Certificate Request Forms. OMB Control Number: 0581-NEW. Summary of Collection: The Agricultural Marketing Service, Dairy Grading Branch, dairy grading program is a voluntary user fee program authorized under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621). The...

  7. Fairness of prices, user fee policy and willingness to pay among visitors to a national forest

    Treesearch

    Jin Young Chung; Gerard T. Kyle; James F. Petrick; James D. Absher

    2011-01-01

    Imposing user fees in Nature-Based Tourism (NBT) contexts has been a controversial issue. Based on the notions of justice and fairness, this study extended previous work examining the relationship between attitudes toward user fees and spending support. In a proposed structural model of price fairness, fee spending support, and willingness to pay (WTP), this paper...

  8. 41 CFR 102-74.600 - Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... utilize telework centers? 102-74.600 Section 102-74.600 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... MANAGEMENT Telework § 102-74.600 Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers? Yes. In accordance with... flexiplace work telecommuting program (i.e., to pay telework center program user fees): (a) Department of...

  9. 41 CFR 102-74.600 - Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... utilize telework centers? 102-74.600 Section 102-74.600 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... MANAGEMENT Telework § 102-74.600 Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers? Yes. In accordance with... flexiplace work telecommuting program (i.e., to pay telework center program user fees): (a) Department of...

  10. 41 CFR 102-74.600 - Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... utilize telework centers? 102-74.600 Section 102-74.600 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... MANAGEMENT Telework § 102-74.600 Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers? Yes. In accordance with... flexiplace work telecommuting program (i.e., to pay telework center program user fees): (a) Department of...

  11. 41 CFR 102-74.600 - Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... utilize telework centers? 102-74.600 Section 102-74.600 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... MANAGEMENT Telework § 102-74.600 Should Federal agencies utilize telework centers? Yes. In accordance with... flexiplace work telecommuting program (i.e., to pay telework center program user fees): (a) Department of...

  12. Intermodal Freight Transportation, Volume 1: Overview Of Impediments, Data Sources For Intermodal Transportation Planning, And Annotated Bibliography

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1997-08-01

    This is the first Federal Highway Cost Allocation Study (HCAS) since 1982. There are two key reasons for conducting this study. The first is to determine how changes in the Federal highway program and user fees which support that program have affecte...

  13. 77 FR 16239 - Medical Device User Fee Act; Public Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-03-20

    ...] Medical Device User Fee Act; Public Meeting AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice of... public meeting to discuss proposed recommendations for the reauthorization of the Medical Device User Fee... use them for the process for the review of medical device applications. The current legislative...

  14. Discrimination through User Fees: Fact or Fiction?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Manning, Robert E.; Baker, Sidney C.

    1981-01-01

    In addition to raising operating funds, user fees can alter types of park users and activities. A study was done in which the establishment of a dollar per car entrance fee was shown to have positive financial as well as environmental effects for a city-owned recreational park. (JN)

  15. 77 FR 45634 - Biosimilar User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2012-N-0007] Biosimilar User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2013 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the rates for biosimilar user fees for...

  16. 76 FR 2617 - User Fees Relating to Enrolled Agents and Enrolled Retirement Plan Agents; Hearing Cancellation

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-01-14

    ... User Fees Relating to Enrolled Agents and Enrolled Retirement Plan Agents; Hearing Cancellation AGENCY... regulations relating to the imposition of user fees for enrolled agents and enrolled retirement plan agents... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Richard A. Hurst of the Publications and Regulations Branch, Legal Processing...

  17. Mileage-based user fees : defining a path toward implementation phase 2, an assessment of technology issues : final report

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2009-10-01

    This report reviews technology options for a mileage-based user fee system in the state of Texas. The report was : compiled based on input from a diverse range of sources, including a literature review of existing mileage-based : user fee technical w...

  18. 49 CFR 360.5 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... updating the cost components comprising the fee. Cost components shall be updated as follows: (1) Direct... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent... by total office costs for the office directly associated with user fee activity. Actual updating of...

  19. 75 FR 34319 - User Fees for 2010 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-17

    ...-AC99 User Fees for 2010 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing... fees for cotton producers for 2010 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same level as in 2009. These fees are also authorized under the Cotton Standards Act of...

  20. 77 FR 33289 - User Fees for 2012 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-06

    ... User Fees for 2012 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing... fees for cotton producers for 2012 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act and the Cotton Standards Act of 1923 at $2.20 per bale--the same level as in 2011. This fee...

  1. 76 FR 25533 - User Fees for 2011 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-05

    ...-AD11 User Fees for 2011 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing... fees for cotton producers for 2011 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same level as in 2010. These fees are also authorized under the Cotton Standards Act of...

  2. 9 CFR 130.30 - Hourly rate and minimum user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... covered by a flat rate user fee in § 130.7. (14) Export-related bird banding for identification. (15..., except those services covered by flat rate user fees elsewhere in this part, will be calculated at the... activities covered in § 130.11. (3) Obtaining samples required to be tested, either to obtain import permits...

  3. 77 FR 35878 - Establishment of User Fees for Filovirus Testing of Nonhuman Primate Liver Samples

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-06-15

    ... Establishment of User Fees for Filovirus Testing of Nonhuman Primate Liver Samples AGENCY: Centers for Disease... comment on the establishment of user fees for filovirus testing of all nonhuman primates that die during... nonhuman primates. HHS/CDC took this action because (1) testing is no longer being offered by the only...

  4. 78 FR 18898 - User Fees for 2013 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-28

    ... Service 7 CFR Part 28 [AMS-CN-12-0074] RIN 0581-AD30 User Fees for 2013 Crop Cotton Classification... Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is proposing to maintain user fees for cotton producers for 2013 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same level as in 2012...

  5. 76 FR 16321 - User Fees for 2011 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... Service 7 CFR Part 28 [AMS-CN-10-0111; CN-11-001] RIN 0581-AD11 User Fees for 2011 Crop Cotton...: The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is proposing to maintain user fees for cotton producers for 2011 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same...

  6. 77 FR 21684 - User Fees for 2012 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-11

    ... Service 7 CFR Part 28 [Doc. AMS-CN-12-0005] RIN 0581-AD23 User Fees for 2012 Crop Cotton Classification... Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is proposing to maintain user fees for cotton producers for 2012 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same level as in 2011...

  7. 75 FR 22026 - User Fees for 2010 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-27

    ... Service 7 CFR Part 28 [AMS-CN-10-0001; CN-10-001] RIN 0581-AC99 User Fees for 2010 Crop Cotton...: The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is proposing to maintain user fees for cotton producers for 2010 crop cotton classification services under the Cotton Statistics and Estimates Act at the same...

  8. 19 CFR 122.15 - User fee airports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false User fee airports. 122.15 Section 122.15 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY AIR COMMERCE REGULATIONS Classes of Airports § 122.15 User fee airports. (a) Permission to land. The procedures for obtaining permission to land at...

  9. 19 CFR 122.15 - User fee airports.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false User fee airports. 122.15 Section 122.15 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY; DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY AIR COMMERCE REGULATIONS Classes of Airports § 122.15 User fee airports. (a) Permission to land. The procedures for obtaining permission to land at...

  10. From institutionalization of user fees to their abolition in West Africa: a story of pilot projects and public policies

    PubMed Central

    2015-01-01

    This article analyzes the historical background of the institutionalization of user fees and their subsequent abolition in West Africa. Based on a narrative review, we present the context that frames the different articles in this supplement. We first show that a general consensus has emerged internationally against user fees, which were imposed widely in Africa in the 1980s and 1990s; at that time, the institutionalization of user fees was supported by evidence from pilot projects funded by international aid agencies. Since then there have been other pilot projects studying the abolition of user fees in the 2000s, but these have not yet had any real influence on public policies, which are often still chaotic. This perplexing situation might be explained more by ideologies and political will than by insufficient financial capacity of states. PMID:26559564

  11. Demand for Primary Schooling in Rural Mali: Should User Fees Be Increased?

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Birdsall, Nancy; Orivel, Francois

    1996-01-01

    Assesses the effect of school fees on primary school attendance, using household and school survey data from rural Mali. Estimates elasticity of demand regarding fees and compares it with effects of distance and quality on enrollment. User fees can provide a partial solution to the quality/enrollment problem, but cannot solve the distance problem.…

  12. Does User Fee Removal Policy Provide Financial Protection from Catastrophic Health Care Payments? Evidence from Zambia

    PubMed Central

    Masiye, Felix; Kaonga, Oliver; Kirigia, Joses M

    2016-01-01

    Background Out-of-pocket payments in health care have been shown to impose significant burden on households in Sub-Saharan Africa, leading to constrained access to health care and impoverishment. In an effort to reduce the financial burden imposed on households by user fees, some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have abolished user fees in the health sector. Zambia is one of few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to abolish user fees in primary health care facilities with a view to alleviating financial burden of out-of-pocket payments among the poor. The main aim of this paper was to examine the extent and patterns of financial protection from fees following the decision to abolish user fees in public primary health facilities. Methods Our analysis is based on a nationally representative health expenditure and utilization survey conducted in 2014. We calculated the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure based on households’ out-of-pocket payments during a visit as a percentage of total household consumption expenditure. We further show the intensity of the problem of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) experienced by households. Results Our analysis show that following the removal of user fees, a majority of patients who visited public health facilities benefitted from free care at the point of use. Further, seeking care at public primary health facilities is associated with a reduced likelihood of incurring CHE after controlling for economic wellbeing and other covariates. However, 10% of households are shown to suffer financial catastrophe as a result of out-of-pocket payments. Further, there is considerable inequality in the incidence of CHE whereby the poorest expenditure quintile experienced a much higher incidence. Conclusion Despite the removal of user fees at primary health care level, CHE is high among the poorest sections of the population. This study also shows that cost of transportation is mainly responsible for limiting the protective effectiveness of user fee removal on CHE among particularly poorest households. PMID:26795620

  13. Does User Fee Removal Policy Provide Financial Protection from Catastrophic Health Care Payments? Evidence from Zambia.

    PubMed

    Masiye, Felix; Kaonga, Oliver; Kirigia, Joses M

    2016-01-01

    Out-of-pocket payments in health care have been shown to impose significant burden on households in Sub-Saharan Africa, leading to constrained access to health care and impoverishment. In an effort to reduce the financial burden imposed on households by user fees, some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have abolished user fees in the health sector. Zambia is one of few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa to abolish user fees in primary health care facilities with a view to alleviating financial burden of out-of-pocket payments among the poor. The main aim of this paper was to examine the extent and patterns of financial protection from fees following the decision to abolish user fees in public primary health facilities. Our analysis is based on a nationally representative health expenditure and utilization survey conducted in 2014. We calculated the incidence and intensity of catastrophic health expenditure based on households' out-of-pocket payments during a visit as a percentage of total household consumption expenditure. We further show the intensity of the problem of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) experienced by households. Our analysis show that following the removal of user fees, a majority of patients who visited public health facilities benefitted from free care at the point of use. Further, seeking care at public primary health facilities is associated with a reduced likelihood of incurring CHE after controlling for economic wellbeing and other covariates. However, 10% of households are shown to suffer financial catastrophe as a result of out-of-pocket payments. Further, there is considerable inequality in the incidence of CHE whereby the poorest expenditure quintile experienced a much higher incidence. Despite the removal of user fees at primary health care level, CHE is high among the poorest sections of the population. This study also shows that cost of transportation is mainly responsible for limiting the protective effectiveness of user fee removal on CHE among particularly poorest households.

  14. 77 FR 20825 - Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff; User Fees for 513(g) Requests for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-06

    ...] Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff; User Fees for 513(g) Requests for Information... Administration (FDA) is announcing the availability of the guidance entitled ``Guidance for Industry and Food and... ``Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff; User Fees for 513(g) Requests for Information...

  15. 78 FR 46958 - Animal Generic Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ...] Animal Generic Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2014 AGENCY: Food and Drug... and payment procedures for fiscal year (FY) 2014 generic new animal drug user fees. The Federal Food... for FY 2014. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Visit FDA's Web site at http://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry...

  16. 9 CFR 156.7 - User fees under 9 CFR part 130.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false User fees under 9 CFR part 130. 156.7 Section 156.7 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE § 156.7 User fees under 9 CFR part 130. Use...

  17. 9 CFR 156.7 - User fees under 9 CFR part 130.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees under 9 CFR part 130. 156.7 Section 156.7 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE § 156.7 User fees under 9 CFR part 130. Use...

  18. 9 CFR 156.7 - User fees under 9 CFR part 130.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false User fees under 9 CFR part 130. 156.7 Section 156.7 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE § 156.7 User fees under 9 CFR part 130. Use...

  19. 9 CFR 156.7 - User fees under 9 CFR part 130.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false User fees under 9 CFR part 130. 156.7 Section 156.7 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE § 156.7 User fees under 9 CFR part 130. Use...

  20. Impact of user fees on day use attendance at New Hampshire state parks

    Treesearch

    Allison A. Rechisky; Bradford N. Williamson

    1992-01-01

    This paper examines state park day use attendance data over a ten year period, 1980 - 1990, for variations in attendance effected by increases in user fees. A non-controllable variable the weather has been taken into account. The results of this paper suggest that user fees can be successfully collected at specific locations and provide positive income without...

  1. 9 CFR 130.18 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site (excluding...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site (excluding FADDL). 130.18 Section 130.18 Animals and... § 130.18 User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site...

  2. 9 CFR 130.18 - User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site (excluding...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site (excluding FADDL). 130.18 Section 130.18 Animals and... § 130.18 User fees for veterinary diagnostic reagents produced at NVSL or other authorized site...

  3. 75 FR 58411 - Center for Veterinary Medicine eSubmitter Workshop; Public Workshop; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-24

    ... health industry that submits new animal drug applications to CVM's Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation... agreed to in the Animal Drug User Fee Amendments (ADUFA II) of 2008 ( http://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/UserFees/AnimalDrugUserFeeActADUFA/ucm044941.htm ). The ONADE will be soliciting feedback on both the e...

  4. Recreation users fees on federal lands: a test of structural change between 1995 and 2003

    Treesearch

    J.M. Bowker; Gary Green; Dan MuCullom; Ken Cordell

    2008-01-01

    Federal lands provide many recreation facilities and services. On some of these lands, fees have been and are currently being charged for certain recreational services. This study examined the attitudes of users, between 1995 and 2003, towards recreation user fees on public lands. Data from the National Survey on Recreation and the Environment on recreational...

  5. 75 FR 69093 - Prescription Drug User Fee Act; Reopening of the Comment Period

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-10

    ... review program after negotiations with the regulated industry conclude. FDA expects that this additional...)(2) (21 U.S.C. 379h-2(d)(2)) of the FD&C Act requires that before FDA begins negotiations with the... requires public review of the recommendations for the human drug review program after negotiations with the...

  6. The Organization and Structure of Community Education Offerings in Community Colleges

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Miller, Michael; Grover, Kenda S.; Kacirek, Kit

    2014-01-01

    One of the key services community colleges provide is community education, meaning those programs and activities that are often offered for leisure or self-improvement and not for credit. Programs of this nature are increasingly challenged to be self-financing, whether through user fees or externally funded grants. The current study explored 75…

  7. 76 FR 27062 - Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009; Options for a User Fee Program for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-10

    ... under the Public Health Service Act (PHS Act). FDA is requesting input on the identified principles for... adhere to these principles, and performance goals for this program. FDA plans to review the comments... drug marketing applications were submitted each year for FDA review. The number of participants in the...

  8. The Tompkins County Solid Waste Annual Fee: Background and overview

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Penniman, P.W.

    1995-05-01

    This report outlines the development by Tompkins County of a new revenue source for solid waste programs -- The Solid Waste Annual Fee. Over the past two decades in New York State, regulatory demands and the decline in available landfill space have combined to cause a rapid escalation in the cost of solid waste disposal. While the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) has implemented tighter regulations for the siting of solid waste landfills, they have also mandated the permitting or closure of all existing landfills in the state. The result is that all communities have been requiredmore » to invest millions of dollars in landfill siting, closure and solid waste processing facilities. In addition, programs for reducing and recycling solid wastes have been mandated to reduce the outflow to landfills. Until recent years, solid waste services in most New York counties have been funded almost entirely through a collection of property taxes. During the past six years, fiscal stress has stimulated a movement toward funding solid waste programs by other means. Alternatives to the property tax include: (1) special assessment taxes or fees; (2) user charges (including tipping fees); and (3) intergovernment grants.« less

  9. 8 CFR 286.1 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS IMMIGRATION USER FEE § 286.1 Definitions... Management, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Room 6307, 425 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20536. (f) The term fee means the immigration user fee. (g) The term port of entry means a port or place...

  10. Financial accessibility and user fee reforms for maternal healthcare in five sub-Saharan countries: a quasi-experimental analysis.

    PubMed

    Leone, Tiziana; Cetorelli, Valeria; Neal, Sarah; Matthews, Zoë

    2016-01-28

    Evidence on whether removing fees benefits the poorest is patchy and weak. The aim of this paper is to measure the impact of user fee reforms on the probability of giving birth in an institution or undergoing a caesarean section (CS) in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Zambia, Cameroon and Nigeria for the poorest strata of the population. Women's experience of user fees in 5 African countries. Using quasi-experimental regression analysis we tested the impact of user fee reforms on facilities' births and CS differentiated by wealth, education and residence in Burkina Faso and Ghana. Mapping of the literature followed by key informant interviews are used to verify details of reform implementation and to confirm and support our countries' choice. We analysed data from consecutive surveys in 5 countries: 2 case countries that experienced reforms (Ghana and Burkina Faso) by contrast with 3 that did not experience reforms (Zambia, Cameroon, Nigeria). User fee reforms are associated with a significant percentage of the increase in access to facility births (27 percentage points) and to a much lesser extent to CS (0.7 percentage points). Poor (but not the poorest), and non-educated women, and those in rural areas benefitted the most from the reforms. User fees reforms have had a higher impact in Burkina Faso compared with Ghana. Findings show a clear positive impact on access when user fees are removed, but limited evidence for improved availability of CS for those most in need. More women from rural areas and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds give birth in health facilities after fee reform. Speed and quality of implementation might be the key reason behind the differences between the 2 case countries. This calls for more research into the impact of reforms on quality of care. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/

  11. Financial accessibility and user fee reforms for maternal healthcare in five sub-Saharan countries: a quasi-experimental analysis

    PubMed Central

    Leone, Tiziana; Cetorelli, Valeria; Neal, Sarah; Matthews, Zoë

    2016-01-01

    Objectives Evidence on whether removing fees benefits the poorest is patchy and weak. The aim of this paper is to measure the impact of user fee reforms on the probability of giving birth in an institution or undergoing a caesarean section (CS) in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Zambia, Cameroon and Nigeria for the poorest strata of the population. Setting Women's experience of user fees in 5 African countries. Primary and secondary outcome measures Using quasi-experimental regression analysis we tested the impact of user fee reforms on facilities’ births and CS differentiated by wealth, education and residence in Burkina Faso and Ghana. Mapping of the literature followed by key informant interviews are used to verify details of reform implementation and to confirm and support our countries’ choice. Participants We analysed data from consecutive surveys in 5 countries: 2 case countries that experienced reforms (Ghana and Burkina Faso) by contrast with 3 that did not experience reforms (Zambia, Cameroon, Nigeria). Results User fee reforms are associated with a significant percentage of the increase in access to facility births (27 percentage points) and to a much lesser extent to CS (0.7 percentage points). Poor (but not the poorest), and non-educated women, and those in rural areas benefitted the most from the reforms. User fees reforms have had a higher impact in Burkina Faso compared with Ghana. Conclusions Findings show a clear positive impact on access when user fees are removed, but limited evidence for improved availability of CS for those most in need. More women from rural areas and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds give birth in health facilities after fee reform. Speed and quality of implementation might be the key reason behind the differences between the 2 case countries. This calls for more research into the impact of reforms on quality of care. PMID:26823178

  12. 7 CFR 354.4 - User fees for certain domestic services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OVERTIME SERVICES RELATING TO IMPORTS AND EXPORTS; AND USER... appropriate, his or her agent, agrees to maintain a balance in the user fee payment account equal to the cost...

  13. 7 CFR 354.4 - User fees for certain domestic services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OVERTIME SERVICES RELATING TO IMPORTS AND EXPORTS; AND USER... appropriate, his or her agent, agrees to maintain a balance in the user fee payment account equal to the cost...

  14. 75 FR 18887 - FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division User Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-13

    .... SUMMARY: This notice establishes the user fee schedule for fingerprint- based and name-based criminal... fingerprint-based and other identification services as authorized by federal law. These fees apply to federal, state and any other authorized entities requesting fingerprint identification records and name checks...

  15. What is greener than a VMT tax? The case for an indexed energy user fee to finance us surface transportation

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Greene, David L

    Highway finance in the United States is perceived by many to be in a state of crisis, primarily due to the erosion of motor fuel tax revenues due to inflation, fuel economy improvement, increased use of alternative sources of energy and diversion of revenues to other purposes. Monitoring vehicle miles of travel (VMT) and charging highway users per mile has been proposed as a replacement for the motor fuel tax. A VMT user fee, however, does not encourage energy efficiency in vehicle design, purchase and operation, as would a user fee levied on all forms of commercial energy used formore » transportation and indexed to the average efficiency of vehicles on the road and to inflation. An indexed roadway user toll on energy (IRoUTE) would induce two to four times as much reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and petroleum use as a pure VMT user fee. However, it is not a substitute for pricing GHG emissions and would make only a small but useful contribution to reducing petroleum dependence. An indexed energy user fee cannot adequately address the problems of traffic congestion and heavy vehicle cost responsibility. It could, however, be a key component of a comprehensive system of financing surface transportation that would eventually also include time and place specific monitoring of VMT for congestion pricing, externality charges and heavy vehicle user fees.« less

  16. 32 CFR 204.6 - Collections.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Collections. 204.6 Section 204.6 National... USER FEES § 204.6 Collections. (a) Collections of fees will be made in advance or simultaneously with..., and managing cash and debt collections. (b) Unless a statute provides otherwise, user fee collections...

  17. User fees and maternity services in Ethiopia.

    PubMed

    Pearson, Luwei; Gandhi, Meena; Admasu, Keseteberhan; Keyes, Emily B

    2011-12-01

    To examine user fees for maternity services and how they relate to provision, quality, and use of maternity services in Ethiopia. The national assessment of emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) examined user fees for maternity services in 751 health facilities that provided childbirth services in 2008. Overall, only about 6.6% of women gave birth in health facilities. Among facilities that provided delivery care, 68% charged a fee in cash or kind for normal delivery. Health centers should be providing maternity services free of charge (the healthcare financing proclamation), yet 65% still charge for some aspect of care, including drugs and supplies. The average cost for normal and cesarean delivery was US $7.70 and US $51.80, respectively. Nineteen percent of these facilities required payment in advance for treatment of an obstetric emergency. The health facilities that charged user fees had, on average, more delivery beds, deliveries (normal and cesarean), direct obstetric complications treated, and a higher ratio of skilled birth attendants per 1000 deliveries than those that did not charge. The case fatality rate was 3.8% and 7.1% in hospitals that did and did not charge user fees, respectively. Utilization of maternal health services is extremely low in Ethiopia and, although there is a government decree against charging for maternity service, 65% of health centers do charge for some aspects of maternal care. As health facilities are not reimbursed by the government for the costs of maternity services, this loss of revenue may account for the more and better services offered in facilities that continue to charge user fees. User fees are not the only factor that determines utilization in settings where the coverage of maternity services is extremely low. Additional factors include other out-of-pocket payments such as cost of transport and food and lodging for accompanying relatives. It is important to keep quality of care in mind when user fees are under discussion. Copyright © 2011 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. An assessment of the effect of user fee policy reform on facility-based deliveries in rural Zambia.

    PubMed

    Chama-Chiliba, Chitalu Miriam; Koch, Steven Fredric

    2016-12-07

    Improving maternal health outcomes by reducing barriers to accessing maternal health services is a key goal for most developing countries. This paper analyses the effect of user fee removal, which was announced for rural areas of Zambia in April 2006, on the use of public health facilities for childbirth. Data from the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey, including birth histories for the five years preceding the survey, is linked to administrative data and geo-referenced health facility census data. We exploit a difference-in-differences design, due to a differential change in user fees at the district level; fees were removed in 54 rural districts, but not in the 18 remaining urban districts. We use multilevel modelling to estimate the effect of this policy change, based on 4018 births from May 2002 to September 2007, covering a period before and after the policy announcement in April 2006. The difference-in-difference estimates point to statistically insignificant changes in the proportion of women giving birth at home and in public facilities, but significant changes are found for deliveries in private (faith-based) facilities. Thus, the abolition of delivery fees is found to have some effect on where Zambian mothers choose to have their children born. The removal of user fees has not overcome barriers to the utilisation of delivery services at public facilities. User fee removal may also yield unintended consequences deterring the utilisation of delivery services. Therefore, abolishing user fees, alone, may not be sufficient to affect changes in utilisation; instead, other efforts, such as improving service quality, may have a greater impact.

  19. Global health actors no longer in favor of user fees: a documentary study.

    PubMed

    Robert, Emilie; Ridde, Valéry

    2013-07-26

    Since the advent of health user fees in low- and middle-income countries in the 1980s, the discourse of global health actors (GHAs) has changed to the disadvantage of this type of healthcare financing mechanism. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the stance of GHAs in the debate on user fees. We conducted documentary research using public documents published by and officially attributed to GHAs from 2005 to 2011. We categorized GHAs into four groups: intergovernmental organizations, international non-governmental organizations, government agencies, and working groups and networks. We then classified the GHAs according to their stance relative to the abolition of user fees, and conducted a thematic analysis of their discourse to understand the arguments used by each GHA to justify its stance. We identified 56 GHAs, for which we analyzed 140 documents. Among them, 55% were in favor of the abolition of user fees or in favor of free care at the point of delivery. None of the GHAs stated that they were in favor of user fees; however, 30% did not take a stand. Only the World Bank declares that it is both in favor of user fees and in favor of free care at point of service. GHAs generally circumscribe their stance to specific populations (pregnant women, children under 5 years, etc.) or to specific health services (primary, basic, essential). Three types of arguments are used by GHAs to justify their stance: economic, moral and ethical, and pragmatic. The principle of "user pays" seems to have fizzled. Production and dissemination of evidence, as well as certain advocacy networks, may have contributed to this change in discourse. However, GHAs should go a step further and translate their words into action, so that free healthcare at the point of delivery becomes a reality in low- and middle-income countries. They should provide technical and financial support to those countries that have chosen to implement user fee exemption policies, sometimes influenced by a GHA.

  20. Global health actors no longer in favor of user fees: a documentary study

    PubMed Central

    2013-01-01

    Background Since the advent of health user fees in low- and middle-income countries in the 1980s, the discourse of global health actors (GHAs) has changed to the disadvantage of this type of healthcare financing mechanism. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the stance of GHAs in the debate on user fees. Methods We conducted documentary research using public documents published by and officially attributed to GHAs from 2005 to 2011. We categorized GHAs into four groups: intergovernmental organizations, international non-governmental organizations, government agencies, and working groups and networks. We then classified the GHAs according to their stance relative to the abolition of user fees, and conducted a thematic analysis of their discourse to understand the arguments used by each GHA to justify its stance. Results We identified 56 GHAs, for which we analyzed 140 documents. Among them, 55% were in favor of the abolition of user fees or in favor of free care at the point of delivery. None of the GHAs stated that they were in favor of user fees; however, 30% did not take a stand. Only the World Bank declares that it is both in favor of user fees and in favor of free care at point of service. GHAs generally circumscribe their stance to specific populations (pregnant women, children under 5 years, etc.) or to specific health services (primary, basic, essential). Three types of arguments are used by GHAs to justify their stance: economic, moral and ethical, and pragmatic. Conclusions The principle of “user pays” seems to have fizzled. Production and dissemination of evidence, as well as certain advocacy networks, may have contributed to this change in discourse. However, GHAs should go a step further and translate their words into action, so that free healthcare at the point of delivery becomes a reality in low- and middle-income countries. They should provide technical and financial support to those countries that have chosen to implement user fee exemption policies, sometimes influenced by a GHA. PMID:23889807

  1. Maintaining quality of health services after abolition of user fees: A Uganda case study

    PubMed Central

    Nabyonga-Orem, Juliet; Karamagi, Humphrey; Atuyambe, Lynn; Bagenda, Fred; Okuonzi, Sam A; Walker, Oladapo

    2008-01-01

    Background It has been argued that quality improvements that result from user charges reduce their negative impact on utilization especially of the poor. In Uganda, because there was no concrete evidence for improvements in quality of care following the introduction of user charges, the government abolished user fees in all public health units on 1st March 2001. This gave us the opportunity to prospectively study how different aspects of quality of care change, as a country changes its health financing options from user charges to free services, in a developing country setting. The outcome of the study may then provide insights into policy actions to maintain quality of care following removal of user fees. Methods A population cohort and representative health facilities were studied longitudinally over 3 years after the abolition of user fees. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to obtain data. Parameters evaluated in relation to quality of care included availability of drugs and supplies and; health worker variables. Results Different quality variables assessed showed that interventions that were put in place were able to maintain, or improve the technical quality of services. There were significant increases in utilization of services, average drug quantities and stock out days improved, and communities reported health workers to be hardworking, good and dedicated to their work to mention but a few. Communities were more appreciative of the services, though expectations were lower. However, health workers felt they were not adequately motivated given the increased workload. Conclusion The levels of technical quality of care attained in a system with user fees can be maintained, or even improved without the fees through adoption of basic, sustainable system modifications that are within the reach of developing countries. However, a trade-off between residual perceptions of reduced service quality, and the welfare gains from removal of user fees should guide such a policy change. PMID:18471297

  2. 14 CFR Appendix B to Subpart 1214... - Occupancy Fee Schedule

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... FLIGHT Reimbursement for Shuttle Services Provided to Civil U.S. Government Users and Foreign Users Who... flight one year or less, but more than six months before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an... shared flight six months or less before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an occupancy fee of 90% of...

  3. 14 CFR Appendix B to Subpart 1214... - Occupancy Fee Schedule

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... FLIGHT Reimbursement for Shuttle Services Provided to Civil U.S. Government Users and Foreign Users Who... flight one year or less, but more than six months before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an... shared flight six months or less before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an occupancy fee of 90% of...

  4. 14 CFR Appendix B to Subpart 1214... - Occupancy Fee Schedule

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... FLIGHT Reimbursement for Shuttle Services Provided to Civil U.S. Government Users and Foreign Users Who... flight one year or less, but more than six months before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an... shared flight six months or less before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an occupancy fee of 90% of...

  5. 14 CFR Appendix B to Subpart 1214... - Occupancy Fee Schedule

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... FLIGHT Reimbursement for Shuttle Services Provided to Civil U.S. Government Users and Foreign Users Who... flight one year or less, but more than six months before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an... shared flight six months or less before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an occupancy fee of 90% of...

  6. Feasibility of mileage-based user fees : application in rural/small urban areas of northeast Texas, final report, October 31, 2008.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2008-10-31

    This study explores the application of mileage-based user fees, or vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) fees, as an : alternative to the fuel tax in rural and small urban areas. The purpose of the study is to identify the issues : associated with implementat...

  7. Interstate Variation in the Use of Fees To Fund K-12 Public Education.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wassmer, Robert W.; Fisher, Ronald C.

    2002-01-01

    Reviews state reliance of various user fees in public education; discusses conceptual issues regarding the use of school district user charges; analyzes statewide variations in school district user charges; suggests reasons for observed variations. (Contains 25 references.) (PKP)

  8. 75 FR 24796 - FBI Records Management Division National Name Check Program Section User Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-05-06

    ... with generally accepted accounting principles, also include such expenses as capital investment... by RMD. Referencing OMB Circular A-25; the Statement of Federal Financial Accounting Standards (SFFAS... financial management directives, Grant Thornton developed a cost accounting methodology and related cost...

  9. A City Manager Looks at Trends Affecting Public Libraries.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kemp, Roger L.

    1999-01-01

    Highlights some important conditions, both present and future, which will have an impact on public libraries. Discusses holding down expenses, including user fees, alternative funding sources, and private cosponsorship of programs; increasing productivity; use of computers and new technologies; staff development and internal marketing; improving…

  10. 45 CFR 156.80 - Single risk pool.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... claims experience of all enrollees in all health plans (other than grandfathered health plans) subject to... experience of all enrollees in all health plans (other than grandfathered health plans) subject to section... payments and charges under the risk adjustment and reinsurance programs, and Exchange user fees (expected...

  11. Willingness to Pay for Drug Rehabilitation: Implications for Cost Recovery October 14, 2007

    PubMed Central

    Bishai, D.; Sindelar, J.; Ricketts, E. P.; Huettner, S.; Cornelius, L.; Lloyd, J. J.; Havens, J. R.; Latkin, C. A.; Strathdee, S. A.

    2008-01-01

    Objectives This study estimates the value that clients place on methadone maintenance and how this value varies with the effectiveness of treatment and availability of case management. We provide the first estimate of the price elasticity of the demand for drug treatment. Methods We interviewed 241 heroin users who had been referred to, but had not yet entered, methadone maintenance treatment in Baltimore, Maryland. We asked each subject to state a preference among three hypothetical treatment programs that varied across 3 domains: weekly fee paid by the client out-of-pocket ($5 to $100), presence/absence of case management, and time spent heroin-free (3 to 24 months). Each subject was asked to complete 18 orthogonal comparisons. Subsequently each subject was asked if they likely would enroll in their preferred choice among the set of three. We computed the expected willingness to pay (WTP) as the probability of enrollment times the fee considered in each choice considered from a multivariate logistic model that controlled for product attributes. We also estimated the price elasticity of demand. Results The median expected fee subjects were willing to pay for a program that offered 3 months of heroin-free time was $7.30 per week, rising to $17.11 per week for programs that offered 24 months of heroin-free time. The availability of case management increased median WTP by $5.64 per week. The price elasticity was −0.39 (SE 0.042). Conclusions Clients will pay more for higher rates of treatment success and for the presence of case management. Clients are willing to pay for drug treatment but the median willingness to pay falls short of the estimated program costs of $82 per week. Thus a combined approach of user fees and subsidization may be the optimal financing strategy for the drug treatment system. PMID:18207264

  12. 76 FR 79267 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change Expanding...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-21

    ... Potential ``Users'' of Its Co-Location Services To Include Any Market Participant That Requests To Receive Co-Location Services Directly From the Exchange and Amending Its Fee Schedule To Establish a Fee for... ``Users'' of its co-location services, and to amend its Fee Schedule. The proposed rule change was...

  13. 76 FR 24917 - Notice of Funding Opportunity and Solicitation for Grant Applications (SGA) for H-1B Technical...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-05-03

    ... Solicitation for Grant Applications (SGA) for H-1B Technical Skills Training Grants AGENCY: Employment and... million in funds for an H-1B Technical Skills Training Grants program. This grant program is designed to... training. H-1B technical skills training grants are financed by a user fee paid by employers to bring...

  14. User Fees in Primary Education

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kattan, Raja Bentaouet; Burnett, Nicholas

    2004-01-01

    There are a large number of different "fees" that private households sometimes have to pay for publicly provided primary education, including tuition fees, textbook fees or costs and/or rental payments, compulsory uniforms, PTA dues, and various special fees such as exam fees, contributions to district education boards, and the like. In many…

  15. 32 CFR 204.1 - Purpose.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Purpose. 204.1 Section 204.1 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS USER FEES § 204.1 Purpose. This part implements the DoD program under Title 31, United States Code, section 9701...

  16. 75 FR 77647 - Medical Device User Fee Program; Meetings on Reauthorization; Request for Notification of Patient...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-13

    ... consumer advocacy groups at least monthly during FDA's negotiations with the regulated industry. The... reauthorization negotiations with the regulated industry. ADDRESSES: Submit notification of intention to... groups at least once every month during negotiations with the regulated industry to continue discussions...

  17. Public attitudes about financing municipal recreation

    Treesearch

    Rodney R. Zwick; Thomas A. More; Tad Nunez

    2008-01-01

    Communities constantly seek creative financing for public services like recreation. Property tax remains central for financing, but user fees, grants, sales taxes, sponsorship, and bond issues have increased. This paper examines preferences for alternative funding mechanisms in a survey of Hartford, VT residents. Public support for municipal facilities and programs...

  18. 9 CFR 130.5 - User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. 130.5 Section 130.5 Animals and Animal... User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. (a... privately operated permanent or temporary import quarantine facility will be calculated at the hourly user...

  19. 9 CFR 130.5 - User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. 130.5 Section 130.5 Animals and Animal... User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. (a... privately operated permanent or temporary import quarantine facility will be calculated at the hourly user...

  20. 9 CFR 130.5 - User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. 130.5 Section 130.5 Animals and Animal... User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. (a... privately operated permanent or temporary import quarantine facility will be calculated at the hourly user...

  1. 9 CFR 130.5 - User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. 130.5 Section 130.5 Animals and Animal... User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. (a... privately operated permanent or temporary import quarantine facility will be calculated at the hourly user...

  2. 9 CFR 130.5 - User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. 130.5 Section 130.5 Animals and Animal... User fees for services at privately owned permanent and temporary import quarantine facilities. (a... privately operated permanent or temporary import quarantine facility will be calculated at the hourly user...

  3. 75 FR 49502 - Medical Device User Fee Act; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-13

    ... Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) requires that before FDA begins negotiations with the...)) requires that, before FDA begins negotiations with the regulated industry on user fee reauthorization, we...

  4. 9 CFR 130.9 - [Reserved

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 130.9 Section 130.9 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE USER FEES USER FEES § 130.9 [Reserved] ...

  5. Royalty Fees Part I: The Copyright Clearance Center and Publishers.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Eiblum, Paula; Ardito, Stephanie C.

    1998-01-01

    Discussion of copyrights, royalty fees, and intellectual property focuses on the Copyright Clearance Center and publishers. Topics include results of a survey of library and information science journal publishers; how users verify royalty fees; how publishers determine fees; royalty fee reporting; and terms and conditions imposed on electronic…

  6. 42 CFR 422.6 - Cost-sharing in enrollment-related costs.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... assistance program) and section 1860D-1(c) of the Act (relating to dissemination of enrollment information... which enrollment is effected or coordinated under section 1851 of the Act. (d) Collection of fees—(1... under title XVIII. (f) Assessment methodology. (1) The amount of the applicable portion of the user fee...

  7. NASIC at MIT. Final Report, 1 March 1974 through 28 February 1975.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Benenfeld, Alan R.; And Others

    Computer-based reference search services were provided to users on a fee-for-service basis at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as the first, and experimental, note in the development of the Northeast Academic Science Information Center (NASIC). Development of a training program for information specialists and training materials is…

  8. Mileage-Based User Fees : Prospects and Challenges

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2012-06-01

    This report reviews the current research regarding mileage-based user fees for vehicle travel (MBUF), possibly as a replacement or supplement to fuel taxes, which is currently the primary source of transportation revenues in New York State and the na...

  9. Development of a mileage-based user fee research website.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2011-01-01

    The University Transportation Center for Mobility (UTCM) previously funded several research projects : related to mileage-based user fees (MBUFs). As part of these research efforts a website was developed to : support the planning for the first-ever ...

  10. Removing user fees for basic health services: a pilot study and national roll-out in Afghanistan

    PubMed Central

    Steinhardt, Laura C; Aman, Iqbal; Pakzad, Iqbalshah; Kumar, Binay; Singh, Lakhwinder P; Peters, David H

    2011-01-01

    Background User fees for primary care tend to suppress utilization, and many countries are experimenting with fee removal. Studies show that additional inputs are needed after removing fees, although well-documented experiences are lacking. This study presents data on the effects of fee removal on facility quality and utilization in Afghanistan, based on a pilot experiment and subsequent nationwide ban on fees. Methods Data on utilization and observed structural and perceived overall quality of health care were compared from before-and-after facility assessments, patient exit interviews and catchment area household surveys from eight facilities where fees were removed and 14 facilities where fee levels remained constant, as part of a larger health financing pilot study from 2005 to 2007. After a national user fee ban was instituted in 2008, health facility administrative data were analysed to assess subsequent changes in utilization and quality. Results The pilot study analysis indicated that observed and perceived quality increased across facilities but did not differ by fee removal status. Difference-in-difference analysis showed that utilization at facilities previously charging both service and drug fees increased by 400% more after fee removal, prompting additional inputs from service providers, compared with facilities that previously only charged service fees or had no change in fees (P = 0.001). Following the national fee ban, visits for curative care increased significantly (P < 0.001), but institutional deliveries did not. Services typically free before the ban—immunization and antenatal care—had immediate increases in utilization but these were not sustained. Conclusion Both pilot and nationwide data indicated that curative care utilization increased following fee removal, without differential changes in quality. Concerns raised by non-governmental organizations, health workers and community leaders over the effects of lost revenue and increased utilization require continued effort to raise revenues, monitor health worker and patient perceptions, and carefully manage health facility performance. PMID:22027924

  11. University multi-user facility survey-2010.

    PubMed

    Riley, Melissa B

    2011-12-01

    Multi-user facilities serve as a resource for many universities. In 2010, a survey was conducted investigating possible changes and successful characteristics of multi-user facilities, as well as identifying problems in facilities. Over 300 surveys were e-mailed to persons identified from university websites as being involved with multi-user facilities. Complete responses were received from 36 facilities with an average of 20 years of operation. Facilities were associated with specific departments (22%), colleges (22%), and university research centers (8.3%) or were not affiliated with any department or college within the university (47%). The five most important factors to succeed as a multi-user facility were: 1) maintaining an experienced, professional staff in an open atmosphere; 2) university-level support providing partial funding; 3) broad client base; 4) instrument training programs; and 5) an effective leader and engaged strategic advisory group. The most significant problems were: 1) inadequate university financial support and commitment; 2) problems recovering full service costs from university subsidies and user fees; 3) availability of funds to repair and upgrade equipment; 4) inability to retain highly qualified staff; and 5) unqualified users dirtying/damaging equipment. Further information related to these issues and to fee structure was solicited. Overall, there appeared to be a decline in university support for facilities and more emphasis on securing income by serving clients outside of the institution and by obtaining grants from entities outside of the university.

  12. 77 FR 518 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-05

    ... two monthly login IDs (so, $600 for one), or a fee of $2,400 for a higher- volume user.\\6\\ The NASDAQ... a minimum of two monthly login IDs and does not have a separate fee for a higher-volume user. See.... 78f(b)(4). The proposed changes to increase the fees assessed for CMI Login IDs and FIX Login IDs are...

  13. 77 FR 51816 - Notice of Opportunity To Withdraw Abbreviated New Drug Applications To Avoid Backlog Fee Obligations

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ...] Notice of Opportunity To Withdraw Abbreviated New Drug Applications To Avoid Backlog Fee Obligations... to avoid paying a fee. The fee in question is a one-time backlog fee that was established through enactment of the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012 (GDUFA). It will apply to any original ANDA that...

  14. The Arizona Telemedicine Program business model.

    PubMed

    Barker, Gail P; Krupinski, Elizabeth A; McNeely, Richard A; Holcomb, Michael J; Lopez, Ana Maria; Weinstein, Ronald S

    2005-01-01

    The Arizona Telemedicine Program (ATP) was established in 1996 when state funding was provided to implement eight telemedicine sites. Since then the ATP has expanded to connect 55 health-care organizations through a membership programme formalized through legal contracts. The ATP's membership model is based on an application service provider (ASP) concept, whereby organizations can share services at lower cost; that is, the ATP acts as a broker for services. The membership fee schedule is flexible, allowing clients to purchase only those services desired. An annual membership fee is paid by every user, based on the services requested. The membership programme income has provided a steady revenue stream for the ATP. The membership-derived revenue represented 30% of the ATP's 2.6 million dollars total income during fiscal year 2003/04.

  15. 32 CFR 204.9 - Schedule of fees and rates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Schedule of fees and rates. 204.9 Section 204.9 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS USER FEES § 204.9 Schedule of fees and rates. (a) Schedule of fees and rates. (1) This schedule...

  16. 32 CFR 204.5 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fees. 204.5 Section 204.5 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS USER FEES § 204.5 Fees. (a) General. (1) All fees shall be based on full cost to the U.S. Government or market...

  17. 25 CFR 700.251 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 25 Indians 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Fees. 700.251 Section 700.251 Indians THE OFFICE OF... § 700.251 Fees. (a) Services for which fees may be charged. (1) Unless waived pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this section, user fees shall be charged for document search and duplication...

  18. 76 FR 48189 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-08

    ... terminal is a basic front- end user interface used by NASDAQ members to connect to, and enter orders in... is necessary for users to enter orders through VTE. The two fees assessed under Rule 7015(h) relate... $100 monthly, and raised the minimum commission fee for users executing orders totaling less than 100...

  19. Abolishing Fees at Health Centers in the Context of Community Case Management of Malaria: What Effects on Treatment-Seeking Practices for Febrile Children in Rural Burkina Faso?

    PubMed

    Druetz, Thomas; Fregonese, Federica; Bado, Aristide; Millogo, Tieba; Kouanda, Seni; Diabaté, Souleymane; Haddad, Slim

    2015-01-01

    Burkina Faso started nationwide community case management of malaria (CCMm) in 2010. In 2011, health center user fees for children under five were abolished in some districts. To assess the effects of concurrent implementation of CCMm and user fees abolition on treatment-seeking practices for febrile children. This is a natural experiment conducted in the districts of Kaya (CCMm plus user fees abolition) and Zorgho (CCMm only). Registry data from 2005 to 2014 on visits for malaria were collected from all eight rural health centers in the study area. Annual household surveys were administered during malaria transmission season in 2011 and 2012 in 1,035 randomly selected rural households. Interrupted time series models were fitted for registry data and Fine and Gray's competing risks models for survey data. User fees abolition in Kaya significantly increased health center use by eligible children with malaria (incidence rate ratio for intercept change = 2.1, p <0.001). In 2011, in Kaya, likelihood of health center use for febrile children was three times higher and CHW use three times lower when caregivers knew services were free. Among the 421 children with fever in 2012, the delay before visiting a health center was significantly shorter in Kaya than in Zorgho (1.46 versus 1.79 days, p <0.05). Likelihood of visiting a health center on the first day of fever among households <2.5 km or <5 km from a health center was two and three times higher in Kaya than in Zorgho, respectively (p <0.001). User fees abolition reduced visit delay for febrile children living close to health centers. It also increased demand for and use of health center for children with malaria. Concurrently, demand for CHWs' services diminished. User fees abolition and CCMm should be coordinated to maximize prompt access to treatment in rural areas.

  20. The effect of user fee exemption on the utilization of maternal health care at mission health facilities in Malawi

    PubMed Central

    Manthalu, Gerald; Yi, Deokhee; Farrar, Shelley; Nkhoma, Dominic

    2016-01-01

    The Government of Malawi has signed contracts called service level agreements (SLAs) with mission health facilities in order to exempt their catchment populations from paying user fees. Government in turn reimburses the facilities for the services that they provide. SLAs started in 2006 with 28 out of 165 mission health facilities and increased to 74 in 2015. Most SLAs cover only maternal, neonatal and in some cases child health services due to limited resources. This study evaluated the effect of user fee exemption on the utilization of maternal health services. The difference-in-differences approach was combined with propensity score matching to evaluate the causal effect of user fee exemption. The gradual uptake of the policy provided a natural experiment with treated and control health facilities. A second control group, patients seeking non-maternal health care at CHAM health facilities with SLAs, was used to check the robustness of the results obtained using the primary control group. Health facility level panel data for 142 mission health facilities from 2003 to 2010 were used. User fee exemption led to a 15% (P <  0.01) increase in the mean proportion of women who made at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit during pregnancy, a 12% (P < 0.05) increase in average ANC visits and an 11% (P < 0.05) increase in the mean proportion of pregnant women who delivered at the facilities. No effects were found for the proportion of pregnant women who made the first ANC visit in the first trimester and the proportion of women who made postpartum care visits. We conclude that user fee exemption is an important policy for increasing maternal health care utilization. For certain maternal services, however, other determinants may be more important. PMID:27175033

  1. 75 FR 72766 - Defense Support to Special Events

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-11-26

    ... Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601) because it would not, if promulgated, have a significant economic impact on a...) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs, or the rights and... events may be funded by title 10 U.S.C. 2564 and include: (A) The Special Olympics. (B) The Paralympics...

  2. 19 CFR 360.106 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Fees. 360.106 Section 360.106 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STEEL IMPORT MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM § 360.106 Fees. No fees will be charged for obtaining a user identification number, issuing a steel import...

  3. 19 CFR 360.106 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Fees. 360.106 Section 360.106 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STEEL IMPORT MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM § 360.106 Fees. No fees will be charged for obtaining a user identification number, issuing a steel import...

  4. 19 CFR 360.106 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Fees. 360.106 Section 360.106 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STEEL IMPORT MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM § 360.106 Fees. No fees will be charged for obtaining a user identification number, issuing a steel import...

  5. 19 CFR 360.106 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Fees. 360.106 Section 360.106 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STEEL IMPORT MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM § 360.106 Fees. No fees will be charged for obtaining a user identification number, issuing a steel import...

  6. 19 CFR 360.106 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 19 Customs Duties 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Fees. 360.106 Section 360.106 Customs Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STEEL IMPORT MONITORING AND ANALYSIS SYSTEM § 360.106 Fees. No fees will be charged for obtaining a user identification number, issuing a steel import...

  7. From fuel taxes to mileage-based user fees : rationale, technology, and transitional issues.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2011-08-01

    Two national commissions established by the U.S. Congress recommend replacing the current system of funding : transportation based on fuel taxes with a new distance-based system of user fees. The State of Oregon has done a : pilot project demonstrati...

  8. Protocol: a realist review of user fee exemption policies for health services in Africa.

    PubMed

    Robert, Emilie; Ridde, Valéry; Marchal, Bruno; Fournier, Pierre

    2012-01-01

    Background Four years prior to the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) deadline, low- and middle-income countries and international stakeholders are looking for evidence-based policies to improve access to healthcare for the most vulnerable populations. User fee exemption policies are one of the potential solutions. However, the evidence is disparate, and systematic reviews have failed to provide valuable lessons. The authors propose to produce an innovative synthesis of the available evidence on user fee exemption policies in Africa to feed the policy-making process. Methods The authors will carry out a realist review to answer the following research question: what are the outcomes of user fee exemption policies implemented in Africa? why do they produce such outcomes? and what contextual elements come into play? This type of review aims to understand how contextual elements influence the production of outcomes through the activation of specific mechanisms, in the form of context-mechanism-outcome configurations. The review will be conducted in five steps: (1) identifying with key stakeholders the mechanisms underlying user fee exemption policies to develop the analytical framework, (2) searching for and selecting primary data, (3) assessing the quality of evidence using the Mixed-Method Appraisal Tool, (4) extracting the data using the analytical framework and (5) synthesising the data in the form of context-mechanism-outcomes configurations. The output will be a middle-range theory specifying how user fee exemption policies work, for what populations and under what circumstances. Ethics and dissemination The two main target audiences are researchers who are looking for examples to implement a realist review, and policy-makers and international stakeholders looking for lessons learnt on user fee exemption. For the latter, a knowledge-sharing strategy involving local scientific and policy networks will be implemented. The study has been approved by the ethics committee of the CHUM Research Centre (CR-CHUM). It received funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The funders will not have any role in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report and the decision to submit the report for publication, including who will have ultimate authority over each of these activities.

  9. 26 CFR 300.7 - Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. 300.7... AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.7 Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the initial enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for the Enrollment of...

  10. 26 CFR 300.7 - Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. 300.7... AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.7 Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the initial enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for the Enrollment of...

  11. 26 CFR 300.7 - Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. 300.7... AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.7 Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the initial enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for the Enrollment of...

  12. 26 CFR 300.7 - Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. 300.7... AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.7 Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the initial enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for the Enrollment of...

  13. 26 CFR 300.7 - Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. 300.7... AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.7 Enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the initial enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for the Enrollment of...

  14. 8 CFR 286.4 - Fee collection responsibility.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fee collection responsibility. 286.4 Section 286.4 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS IMMIGRATION USER FEE § 286.4 Fee collection responsibility. (a) It is the responsibility of the air or sea carriers...

  15. 42 CFR 488.30 - Revisit user fee for revisit surveys.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ..., or substantiated complaint survey and that is designed to evaluate the extent to which previously... 42 Public Health 5 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Revisit user fee for revisit surveys. 488.30... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES General...

  16. 42 CFR 488.30 - Revisit user fee for revisit surveys.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ..., or substantiated complaint survey and that is designed to evaluate the extent to which previously... 42 Public Health 5 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Revisit user fee for revisit surveys. 488.30... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES General...

  17. 42 CFR 488.30 - Revisit user fee for revisit surveys.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ..., or substantiated complaint survey and that is designed to evaluate the extent to which previously... 42 Public Health 5 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Revisit user fee for revisit surveys. 488.30... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES General...

  18. 42 CFR 488.30 - Revisit user fee for revisit surveys.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., or substantiated complaint survey and that is designed to evaluate the extent to which previously... 42 Public Health 5 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Revisit user fee for revisit surveys. 488.30... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES General...

  19. 42 CFR 488.30 - Revisit user fee for revisit surveys.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ..., or substantiated complaint survey and that is designed to evaluate the extent to which previously... 42 Public Health 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Revisit user fee for revisit surveys. 488.30... SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION SURVEY, CERTIFICATION, AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES General...

  20. 76 FR 79198 - Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Correction

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-21

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0381] Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting; Correction AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice; correction. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is correcting a notice that appeared...

  1. 49 CFR 1002.3 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... Services, 1 I.C.C.2d 60 (1984) or subsequent cost studies. The base period for measuring changes shall be... material in the Federal Register. (e) Rounding of updated fees. Updated fees shall be rounded in the...

  2. 49 CFR 1002.3 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... Services, 1 I.C.C.2d 60 (1984) or subsequent cost studies. The base period for measuring changes shall be... material in the Federal Register. (e) Rounding of updated fees. Updated fees shall be rounded in the...

  3. 49 CFR 1002.3 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... Services, 1 I.C.C.2d 60 (1984) or subsequent cost studies. The base period for measuring changes shall be... material in the Federal Register. (e) Rounding of updated fees. Updated fees shall be rounded in the...

  4. Report on Surface Transportation Board's user fees

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    1998-11-17

    The objective of Inspector Generals's (IG) audit was to evaluate Surface : Transportation Board's (STB) use of fees to fund its operations. To : accomplish this objective, the IG determined whether: (1) STB is assessing : fees for all billable servic...

  5. 9 CFR 130.30 - Hourly rate and minimum user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... food testing. (16) Export-related services provided at animal auctions. (17) Various export-related... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Hourly rate and minimum user fees. 130.30 Section 130.30 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...

  6. 76 FR 76738 - Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-08

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0381] Generic Drug User Fee; Public Meeting AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice of public meeting; request for comments. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing a public meeting to...

  7. 78 FR 78366 - Draft Generic Drug User Fee Act Information Technology Plan; Availability for Comment

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-26

    ...] Draft Generic Drug User Fee Act Information Technology Plan; Availability for Comment AGENCY: Food and... the availability for public comment of the draft information technology (IT) plan entitled ``GDUFA Information Technology Plan.'' This plan is intended to provide FDA's approach for enhancing business...

  8. 76 FR 58020 - Prescription Drug User Fee Act IV Information Technology Plan

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-19

    ...] Prescription Drug User Fee Act IV Information Technology Plan AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION... information technology (IT) plan entitled ``PDUFA IV Information Technology Plan'' (updated plan) to achieve... Information Technology Plan.'' This plan will meet one of the performance goals agreed to under the 2007...

  9. 78 FR 78367 - Draft Prescription Drug User Fee Act V Information Technology Plan; Availability for Comment

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-26

    ...] Draft Prescription Drug User Fee Act V Information Technology Plan; Availability for Comment AGENCY... announcing the availability for public comment of the draft information technology (IT) plan entitled ``PDUFA V Information Technology Plan.'' This plan is intended to provide FDA's approach for enhancing...

  10. 9 CFR 156.7 - User fees under 9 CFR part 130.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false User fees under 9 CFR part 130. 156.7 Section 156.7 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE VOLUNTARY INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION SERVICE...

  11. 76 FR 78950 - FBI Criminal Justice Information Services Division; Revised User Fee Schedule

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-20

    ... fingerprint-based Criminal History Record Information (CHRI) checks for noncriminal justice purposes. DATES... user fees for authorized agencies requesting noncriminal fingerprint-based CHRI checks at 28 CFR 20.31(e). The FBI will periodically review the process of fingerprint- based CHRI checks to determine the...

  12. 26 CFR 300.8 - Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee...) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.8 Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for...

  13. 26 CFR 300.8 - Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee...) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.8 Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for...

  14. 26 CFR 300.8 - Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee...) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.8 Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for...

  15. 26 CFR 300.8 - Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee...) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.8 Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for...

  16. 26 CFR 300.8 - Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 26 Internal Revenue 18 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee...) PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION USER FEES § 300.8 Renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuary fee. (a) Applicability. This section applies to the renewal of enrollment of enrolled actuaries with the Joint Board for...

  17. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; HHS notice of benefit and payment parameters for 2016. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2015-02-27

    This final rule sets forth payment parameters and provisions related to the risk adjustment, reinsurance, and risk corridors programs; cost sharing parameters and cost-sharing reductions; and user fees for Federally-facilitated Exchanges. It also finalizes additional standards for the individual market annual open enrollment period for the 2016 benefit year, essential health benefits, qualified health plans, network adequacy, quality improvement strategies, the Small Business Health Options Program, guaranteed availability, guaranteed renewability, minimum essential coverage, the rate review program, the medical loss ratio program, and other related topics.

  18. ‘Rowing against the current’: the policy process and effects of removing user fees for caesarean sections in Benin

    PubMed Central

    Cresswell, Jenny A; Makoutodé, Patrick; De Brouwere, Vincent; Witter, Sophie; Filippi, Veronique; Kanhonou, Lydie G; Goufodji, Sourou B; Lange, Isabelle L; Lawin, Lionel; Affo, Fabien; Marchal, Bruno

    2018-01-01

    Background In 2009, the Benin government introduced a user fee exemption policy for caesarean sections. We analyse this policy with regard to how the existing ideas and institutions related to user fees influenced key steps of the policy cycle and draw lessons that could inform the policy dialogue for universal health coverage in the West African region. Methods Following the policy stages model, we analyse the agenda setting, policy formulation and legitimation phase, and assess the implementation fidelity and policy results. We adopted an embedded case study design, using quantitative and qualitative data collected with 13 tools at the national level and in seven hospitals implementing the policy. Results We found that the initial political goal of the policy was not to reduce maternal mortality but to eliminate the detention in hospitals of mothers and newborns who cannot pay the user fees by exempting a comprehensive package of maternal health services. We found that the policy development process suffered from inadequate uptake of evidence and that the policy content and process were not completely in harmony with political and public health goals. The initial policy intention clashed with the neoliberal orientation of the political system, the fee recovery principles institutionalised since the Bamako Initiative and the prevailing ideas in favour of user fees. The policymakers did not take these entrenched factors into account. The resulting tension contributed to a benefit package covering only caesarean sections and to the variable implementation and effectiveness of the policy. Conclusion The influence of organisational culture in the decision-making processes in the health sector is often ignored but must be considered in the design and implementation of any policy aimed at achieving universal health coverage in West African countries. PMID:29564156

  19. Health worker perspectives on user fee removal in Zambia

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    Background User fees for primary care services were removed in rural districts in Zambia in 2006. Experience from other countries has suggested that health workers play a key role in determining the success of a fee removal policy, but also find the implementation of such a policy challenging. The policy was introduced against a backdrop of a major shortage in qualified health staff. Methods As part of a larger study on the experience and effect of user fee removal in Zambia, a number of case studies at the facility level were conducted. As part of these, quantitative and qualitative data were collected to evaluate health workers’ satisfaction and experiences in charging and non-charging facilities. Results Our findings show that health-care workers have mixed feelings about the policy change and its consequences. We found some evidence that personnel motivation was higher in non-charging facilities compared to facilities still charging. Yet it is unclear whether this effect was due to differences in the user fee policy or to the fact that a lot of staff interviewed in non-charging facilities were working in mission facilities, where we found a significantly higher motivation. Health workers expressed satisfaction with an apparent increase in the number of patients visiting the facilities and the removal of a deterring factor for many needy patients, but also complained about an increased workload. Furthermore, working conditions were said to have worsened, which staff felt was linked to the absence of additional resources to deal with the increased demand or replace the loss of revenue generated by fees. Conclusion These findings highlight the need to pay attention to supply-side measures when removing demand-side barriers such as user fees and in particular to be concerned about the burden that increased demand can place on already over-stretched health workers. PMID:23110690

  20. Who benefits from removing user fees for facility-based delivery services? Evidence on socioeconomic differences from Ghana, Senegal and Sierra Leone.

    PubMed

    McKinnon, Britt; Harper, Sam; Kaufman, Jay S

    2015-06-01

    Coverage of skilled delivery care has been increasing across most low-income countries; however, it remains far from universal and is very unequally distributed according to socioeconomic position. In an effort to increase coverage of skilled delivery care and reduce socioeconomic inequalities, governments of several countries in sub-Saharan Africa have recently adopted policies that remove user fees for facility-based delivery services. There is little rigorous evidence of the impact of these policies and few studies have examined effects on socioeconomic inequalities. This study investigates the impact of recent delivery fee exemption policies in Ghana, Senegal, and Sierra Leone on socioeconomic differences in the use of facility-based delivery services. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from nine sub-Saharan African countries, we evaluated the user fee policy changes using a difference-in-differences approach that accounts for underlying common secular trends and time invariant differences among countries, and allows for differential effects of the policy by socioeconomic position. Removing user fees was consistent with meaningful increases in facility deliveries across all categories of household wealth and maternal education. We found little evidence of differential effects of removing user fees across quartiles of household wealth, with increases of 5.4 facility deliveries per hundred live births (95% CI: 2.1, 8.8) among women in the poorest quartile and 6.8 per hundred live births (95% CI: 4.0, 9.7) for women in the richest quartile. However, our results suggest that educated women benefited more from removing user fees compared to women with no education. For women with at least some secondary education, the estimated effect was 8.6 facility deliveries per hundred live births (95% CI: 5.4, 11.9), but only 4.6 per hundred live births (95% CI: 2.2, 7.0) for women with no education (heterogeneity p-value = 0.04). Thus, while removing fees at the point of service increased facility deliveries across the socioeconomic gradient, it did not reduce inequalities defined by household wealth and may have contributed to a widening of educational inequalities. These findings emphasize the need for concerted efforts to address financial and other barriers that contribute to large and persistent socioeconomic inequalities in delivery care. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Public Opinion toward User Fees in Public Libraries.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kinnucan, Mark T.; Estabrook, Leigh; Ferguson, Mark R.

    1998-01-01

    A reanalysis of data from a national telephone poll (n1181) conducted in 1991 determined that if local libraries faced a fiscal crisis, 47% favored raising taxes, 44% preferred instituting user fees, and 9% advocated reducing services. Frequent library use, urban residence, higher level of education, and greater income were associated with a…

  2. User fees for recreation services on public lands: a national assessment

    Treesearch

    J. Michael Bowker; H. Ken Cordell; Cassandra Y. Johnson

    1999-01-01

    A portion of the 1995 National Survey on Recreation and the Environment examined public opinion toward user fees as a means of funding recreation services on public lands, including campgrounds, boat ramps, trails, picnic areas, historic sites, restrooms, parking areas, special exhibits and presentations, visitor centers, and other facilities. Respondents were offered...

  3. 9 CFR 130.20 - User fees for endorsing export certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... vaccinations are listed in the following table. The user fees apply to each export health certificate 5... health certificates that require the verification of tests or vaccinations are listed in the following... on the number of animals or birds covered by the certificate and the number of tests or vaccinations...

  4. 9 CFR 130.20 - User fees for endorsing export certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... vaccinations are listed in the following table. The user fees apply to each export health certificate 5... health certificates that require the verification of tests or vaccinations are listed in the following... on the number of animals or birds covered by the certificate and the number of tests or vaccinations...

  5. 9 CFR 130.20 - User fees for endorsing export certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... vaccinations are listed in the following table. The user fees apply to each export health certificate 5... health certificates that require the verification of tests or vaccinations are listed in the following... on the number of animals or birds covered by the certificate and the number of tests or vaccinations...

  6. 9 CFR 130.14 - User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... slides or plates Slide 49.00 50.00 51.00 53.00 Reference animal tissues for immunohistochemistry Set 171... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics. 130.14 Section 130.14 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...

  7. 9 CFR 130.14 - User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... slides or plates Slide 49.00 50.00 51.00 53.00 Reference animal tissues for immunohistochemistry Set 171... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics. 130.14 Section 130.14 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...

  8. 9 CFR 130.14 - User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... slides or plates Slide 49.00 50.00 51.00 53.00 Reference animal tissues for immunohistochemistry Set 171... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false User fees for FADDL veterinary diagnostics. 130.14 Section 130.14 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE...

  9. 75 FR 53702 - Medical Device User Fee Act; Public Meeting; Request for Comments; Amendment of Notice

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. 2010-N-0389] Medical Device User Fee Act; Public Meeting; Request for Comments; Amendment of Notice AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing...

  10. 78 FR 46962 - Biosimilar User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ...] Biosimilar User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice... fiscal year (FY) 2014. The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act), as amended by the... October 1, 2013, and will remain in effect through September 30, 2014. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT...

  11. 9 CFR 130.20 - User fees for endorsing export certificates.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... vaccinations are listed in the following table. The user fees apply to each export health certificate 5... health certificates that require the verification of tests or vaccinations are listed in the following... on the number of animals or birds covered by the certificate and the number of tests or vaccinations...

  12. 77 FR 51814 - Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012; Public Meeting; Request for Comments

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-27

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2012-N-0882] Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012; Public Meeting; Request for Comments AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice of public meeting; request for comments. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug...

  13. 78 FR 27113 - Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012; Regulatory Science Initiatives Public Hearing; Request...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-09

    .... FDA-2013-N-0402] Generic Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012; Regulatory Science Initiatives Public... public meeting that will provide an overview of the current status of the regulatory science initiatives... societies, and other interested stakeholders-- as it fulfills its statutory requirement under the Generic...

  14. 78 FR 72016 - User Fees for Processing Installment Agreements and Offers in Compromise

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-02

    ... regulations affect taxpayers who wish to pay their federal tax liabilities through installment agreements and... to pay $43 for any new installment agreement, including a direct debit installment agreement. The... do not have the means to pay the user fee, even at the reduced rate. The commenter stated that low...

  15. The impact of user fees on access to health services in low- and middle-income countries.

    PubMed

    Lagarde, Mylene; Palmer, Natasha

    2011-04-13

    Following an international push for financing reforms, many low- and middle-income countries introduced user fees to raise additional revenue for health systems. User fees are charges levied at the point of use and are supposed to help reduce 'frivolous' consumption of health services, increase quality of services available and, as a result, increase utilisation of services. To assess the effectiveness of introducing, removing or changing user fees to improve access to care in low-and middle-income countries We searched 25 international databases, including the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE. We also searched the websites and online resources of international agencies, organisations and universities to find relevant grey literature. We conducted the original searches between November 2005 and April 2006 and the updated search in CENTRAL (DVD-ROM 2011, Issue 1); MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid (January 25, 2011); MEDLINE, Ovid (1948 to January Week 2 2011); EMBASE, Ovid (1980 to 2011 Week 03) and EconLit, CSA Illumina (1969 - present) on the 26th of January 2011. We included randomised controlled trials, interrupted time-series studies and controlled before-and-after studies that reported an objective measure of at least one of the following outcomes: healthcare utilisation, health expenditures, or health outcomes. We re-analysed studies with longitudinal data. We computed price elasticities of demand for health services in controlled before-and-after studies as a standardised measure. Due to the diversity of contexts and outcome measures, we did not perform meta-analysis. Instead, we undertook a narrative summary of evidence. We included 16 studies out of the 243 identified. Most of the included studies showed methodological weaknesses that hamper the strength and reliability of their findings. When fees were introduced or increased, we found the use of health services decreased significantly in most studies. Two studies found increases in health service use when quality improvements were introduced at the same time as user fees. However, these studies have a high risk of bias. We found no evidence of effects on health outcomes or health expenditure. The review suggests that reducing or removing user fees increases the utilisation of certain healthcare services. However, emerging evidence suggests that such a change may have unintended consequences on utilisation of preventive services and service quality. The review also found that introducing or increasing fees can have a negative impact on health services utilisation, although some evidence suggests that when implemented with quality improvements these interventions could be beneficial. Most of the included studies suffered from important methodological weaknesses. More rigorous research is needed to inform debates on the desirability and effects of user fees.

  16. 78 FR 28917 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-16

    ... Change Establishing Non- Display Usage Fees and Amending the Professional End-User Fees for NYSE Arca... Proposed Rule Change The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the... Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange proposes to establish non-display usage fees and to amend the...

  17. 78 FR 46980 - Prescription Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2014

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-02

    ... 116.333 The FY 2014 application fee is estimated by dividing the average number of full applications... dividing the adjusted total fee revenue to be derived from establishments ($252,342,667) by the estimated... use this number for its FY 2014 estimate. The FY 2014 product fee rate is determined by dividing the...

  18. 14 CFR Appendix B to Subpart 1214... - Occupancy Fee Schedule

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... occupancy fee will be zero. For a postponed or cancelled shared flight, the occupancy fee will be computed... which is less than zero, the occupancy fee will be reset to zero. For a postponed or cancelled shared flight one year or less, but more than six months before launch, the user shall reimburse NASA an...

  19. Immediate and sustained effects of user fee exemption on healthcare utilization among children under five in Burkina Faso: A controlled interrupted time-series analysis.

    PubMed

    Zombré, David; De Allegri, Manuela; Ridde, Valéry

    2017-04-01

    Little is known about the long-term effects of user fee exemption policies on health care use in developing countries. We examined the association between user fee exemption and health care use among children under five in Burkina Faso. We also examined how factors related to characteristics of health facilities and their environment moderate this association. We used a multilevel controlled interrupted time-series design to examine the strength of effect and long term effects of user fee exemption policy on the rate of health service utilization in children under five between January 2004 and December 2014. The initiation of the intervention more than doubled the utilization rate with an immediate 132.596% increase in intervention facilities (IRR: 2.326; 95% CI: 1.980 to 2.672). The effect of the intervention was 32.766% higher in facilities with higher workforce density (IRR: 1.328; 95% CI (1.209-1.446)) and during the rainy season (IRR:1.2001; 95% CI: 1.0953-1.3149), but not significant in facilities with higher dispersed populations (IRR: 1.075; 95% CI: (0.942-1.207)). Although the intervention effect was substantially significant immediately following its inception, the pace of growth, while positive over a first phase, decelerated to stabilize itself three years and 7 months later before starting to decrease slowly towards the end of the study period. This study provides additional evidence to support user fee exemption policies complemented by improvements in health care quality. Future work should include an assessment of the impact of user fee exemption on infant morbidity and mortality and better discuss factors that could explain the slowdown in this upward trend of utilization rates three and a half years after the intervention onset. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  20. Tracking implementation and (un)intended consequences: a process evaluation of an innovative peripheral health facility financing mechanism in Kenya

    PubMed Central

    Waweru, Evelyn; Goodman, Catherine; Kedenge, Sarah; Tsofa, Benjamin; Molyneux, Sassy

    2016-01-01

    In many African countries, user fees have failed to achieve intended access and quality of care improvements. Subsequent user fee reduction or elimination policies have often been poorly planned, without alternative sources of income for facilities. We describe early implementation of an innovative national health financing intervention in Kenya; the health sector services fund (HSSF). In HSSF, central funds are credited directly into a facility’s bank account quarterly, and facility funds are managed by health facility management committees (HFMCs) including community representatives. HSSF is therefore a finance mechanism with potential to increase access to funds for peripheral facilities, support user fee reduction and improve equity in access. We conducted a process evaluation of HSSF implementation based on a theory of change underpinning the intervention. Methods included interviews at national, district and facility levels, facility record reviews, a structured exit survey and a document review. We found impressive achievements: HSSF funds were reaching facilities; funds were being overseen and used in a way that strengthened transparency and community involvement; and health workers’ motivation and patient satisfaction improved. Challenges or unintended outcomes included: complex and centralized accounting requirements undermining efficiency; interactions between HSSF and user fees leading to difficulties in accessing crucial user fee funds; and some relationship problems between key players. Although user fees charged had not increased, national reduction policies were still not being adhered to. Finance mechanisms can have a strong positive impact on peripheral facilities, and HFMCs can play a valuable role in managing facilities. Although fiduciary oversight is essential, mechanisms should allow for local decision-making and ensure that unmanageable paperwork is avoided. There are also limits to what can be achieved with relatively small funds in contexts of enormous need. Process evaluations tracking (un)intended consequences of interventions can contribute to regional financing and decentralization debates. PMID:25920355

  1. The effect of user fee exemption on the utilization of maternal health care at mission health facilities in Malawi.

    PubMed

    Manthalu, Gerald; Yi, Deokhee; Farrar, Shelley; Nkhoma, Dominic

    2016-11-01

    The Government of Malawi has signed contracts called service level agreements (SLAs) with mission health facilities in order to exempt their catchment populations from paying user fees. Government in turn reimburses the facilities for the services that they provide. SLAs started in 2006 with 28 out of 165 mission health facilities and increased to 74 in 2015. Most SLAs cover only maternal, neonatal and in some cases child health services due to limited resources. This study evaluated the effect of user fee exemption on the utilization of maternal health services. The difference-in-differences approach was combined with propensity score matching to evaluate the causal effect of user fee exemption. The gradual uptake of the policy provided a natural experiment with treated and control health facilities. A second control group, patients seeking non-maternal health care at CHAM health facilities with SLAs, was used to check the robustness of the results obtained using the primary control group. Health facility level panel data for 142 mission health facilities from 2003 to 2010 were used. User fee exemption led to a 15% (P <  0.01) increase in the mean proportion of women who made at least one antenatal care (ANC) visit during pregnancy, a 12% (P < 0.05) increase in average ANC visits and an 11% (P < 0.05) increase in the mean proportion of pregnant women who delivered at the facilities. No effects were found for the proportion of pregnant women who made the first ANC visit in the first trimester and the proportion of women who made postpartum care visits. We conclude that user fee exemption is an important policy for increasing maternal health care utilization. For certain maternal services, however, other determinants may be more important. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

  2. Tracking implementation and (un)intended consequences: a process evaluation of an innovative peripheral health facility financing mechanism in Kenya.

    PubMed

    Waweru, Evelyn; Goodman, Catherine; Kedenge, Sarah; Tsofa, Benjamin; Molyneux, Sassy

    2016-03-01

    In many African countries, user fees have failed to achieve intended access and quality of care improvements. Subsequent user fee reduction or elimination policies have often been poorly planned, without alternative sources of income for facilities. We describe early implementation of an innovative national health financing intervention in Kenya; the health sector services fund (HSSF). In HSSF, central funds are credited directly into a facility's bank account quarterly, and facility funds are managed by health facility management committees (HFMCs) including community representatives. HSSF is therefore a finance mechanism with potential to increase access to funds for peripheral facilities, support user fee reduction and improve equity in access. We conducted a process evaluation of HSSF implementation based on a theory of change underpinning the intervention. Methods included interviews at national, district and facility levels, facility record reviews, a structured exit survey and a document review. We found impressive achievements: HSSF funds were reaching facilities; funds were being overseen and used in a way that strengthened transparency and community involvement; and health workers' motivation and patient satisfaction improved. Challenges or unintended outcomes included: complex and centralized accounting requirements undermining efficiency; interactions between HSSF and user fees leading to difficulties in accessing crucial user fee funds; and some relationship problems between key players. Although user fees charged had not increased, national reduction policies were still not being adhered to. Finance mechanisms can have a strong positive impact on peripheral facilities, and HFMCs can play a valuable role in managing facilities. Although fiduciary oversight is essential, mechanisms should allow for local decision-making and ensure that unmanageable paperwork is avoided. There are also limits to what can be achieved with relatively small funds in contexts of enormous need. Process evaluations tracking (un)intended consequences of interventions can contribute to regional financing and decentralization debates. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

  3. 78 FR 15019 - Food and Drug Administration Prescription Drug User Fee Act V Benefit-Risk Plan; Request for...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-03-08

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2013-N-0196] Food and Drug Administration Prescription Drug User Fee Act V Benefit-Risk Plan; Request for Comments AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice, request for comments. SUMMARY: The Food and...

  4. 75 FR 20616 - Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers: 1625-0007...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-20

    ... Liquid Chemicals Proposed for Bulk Water Movement; (2) 1625-0074, Direct User Fees for Inspection or... of Intent and Operations Manual; and (5) 1625-0102, National Response Resource Inventory. Before...: The estimated burden has increased from 78 hours to 600 hours a year. 2. Title: Direct User Fees for...

  5. 75 FR 39551 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Numbers...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-07-09

    ... Liquid Chemicals Proposed for Bulk Water Movement; (2) 1625-0074, Direct User Fees for Inspection or... of Intent and Operations Manual; and (5) 1625-0102, National Response Resource Inventory. Our ICRs...: Direct User Fees for Inspection or Examination of U.S. and Foreign Commercial Vessels. OMB Control Number...

  6. 78 FR 65349 - Collection of Information Under Review by Office of Management and Budget

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-10-31

    ... following collections of information: 1625-0074, Direct User Fees for Inspection or Examination of U.S. and... Manual. Our ICRs describe the information we seek to collect from the public. Review and comments by OIRA... User Fees for Inspection or Examination of U.S. and Foreign Commercial Vessels. OMB Control Number...

  7. It's Not the Principle, It's the Money of the Thing.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Budd, John M.

    1989-01-01

    Asserts that, although many arguments in favor of user fees for library services are based on economics, little economic benefit is actually gained by levying charges for some services. A microeconomics model that has been used to demonstrate the benefits of user fees is critiqued, and the issue of accountability is discussed. (23 references) (CLB)

  8. 76 FR 67522 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-01

    ... Potential ``Users'' of Its Co-Location Services To Include Any Market Participant That Requests To Receive Co-Location Services Directly From the Exchange and Amending Its Fee Schedule To Establish a Fee for... scope of potential ``Users'' of its co-location services to include any market participant that requests...

  9. 76 FR 67526 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Notice of Filing of Proposed Rule Change...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-01

    ..., order routing and market data delivery services to their customers while the User is co-located in the... Potential ``Users'' of Its Co-Location Services To Include Any Market Participant That Requests To Receive Co-Location Services Directly From the Exchange and Amending Its Fee Schedule To Establish a Fee for...

  10. 76 FR 79242 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Arca, Inc.; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change Expanding...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-21

    ..., order routing and market data delivery services to their customers while the User is co-located in the... Potential ``Users'' of Its Co-Location Services To Include Any Market Participant that Requests to Receive Co-Location Services Directly From the Exchange and Amending Its Fee Schedule To Establish a Fee for...

  11. 76 FR 45826 - Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-01

    ... paper check: All paper checks must be in U.S. currency from a U.S. bank and made payable to the Food and... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0542] Medical Device User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2012 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION...

  12. 76 FR 45814 - Animal Generic Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-01

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2011-N-0547] Animal Generic Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2012 AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing the rates and...

  13. 78 FR 28669 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; BATS Exchange, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-15

    ... ``Options Pricing'' section of its fee schedule effective immediately, in order to (i) increase fees for any...'') thresholds. The Exchange offers a bulk-quoting interface which allows Users \\6\\ of BATS Options to submit and... receipt. The bulk-quoting application for BATS Options is a particularly useful feature for Users that...

  14. NBS (National Bureau of Standards) calibration services users guide: Fee schedule

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    1987-04-01

    The physical measurement services of the National Bureau of Standards are designed to help the makers and users of precision instruments achieve the highest possible levels of measurement quality and productivity. The hundreds of individual services found listed in the Fee Schedule constitute the highest-order calibration services available in the United States. These services directly link a customer's precision equipment or transfer standards to national measurement standards. These services are offered to public and private organizations and individuals alike. The Fee Schedule is a supplement to NBS Special Publication 250, Calibration Services Users Guide. These documents are designed to make the task of selecting and ordering an appropriate calibration service as quick and easy as possible.

  15. Techniques for assessing the socio-economic effects of vehicle mileage fees.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2008-06-01

    The purpose of this study was to develop tools for assessing the distributional effects of alternative highway user fees for light vehicles : in Oregon. The analysis focused on a change from the current gasoline tax to a VMT fee structure for collect...

  16. 78 FR 19691 - Applications for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-04-02

    ... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Applications for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program... Information Advanced Placement Test Fee Program. Notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year... Program: The AP Test Fee program awards grants to eligible State educational agencies (SEAs) to enable...

  17. 77 FR 8848 - Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-02-15

    ... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program... Information: Advanced Placement Test Fee Program. Notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year... Description Purpose of Program: The AP Test Fee program awards grants to eligible State educational agencies...

  18. 76 FR 72619 - User Fee To Take the Registered Tax Return Preparer Competency Examination

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-25

    ..., 2011)), provide that only attorneys, certified public accountants, enrolled agents, and registered tax... Fee To Take the Registered Tax Return Preparer Competency Examination AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service... regulations. The final regulations redesignate rules pertaining to fees for obtaining a preparer tax...

  19. AdaNET research project

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Digman, R. Michael

    1988-01-01

    The components necessary for the success of the commercialization of an Ada Technology Transition Network are reported in detail. The organizational plan presents the planned structure for services development and technical transition of AdaNET services to potential user communities. The Business Plan is the operational plan for the AdaNET service as a commercial venture. The Technical Plan is the plan from which the AdaNET can be designed including detailed requirements analysis. Also contained is an analysis of user fees and charges, and a proposed user fee schedule.

  20. 76 FR 40964 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-12

    ... Schedule to extend a fee waiver related to the PULSe workstation and to adopt a limited fee waiver for new users of the PULSe workstation. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web... is to extend a fee waiver related to the PULSe workstation and to adopt a limited fee waiver for new...

  1. 78 FR 3900 - Generic Drug User Fee-Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Finished Dosage Form Facility Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-01-17

    ... facility fee, we divide the $132,945,000 by the total number of facilities (758) which gives us a domestic... domestic API facility fee, we divide the $23,415,000 by the total number of facilities (885) which gives us..., Attention: Government Lockbox 979108, 1005 Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101. (Note: This U.S. Bank...

  2. Potential revenues from a new day-use fee

    Treesearch

    Stephen D. Reiling; Hsiang-tai Cheng

    1995-01-01

    The Corps of Engineers will be implementing a new user fee at day-use areas during the next two years. This paper presents the procedures used to estimate the revenue that the new fee would generate at six Corps projects located across the U.S. The results suggest that revenues will fall well short of the naive projection calculated on the assumption that the new fee...

  3. 9 CFR 130.11 - User fees for inspecting and approving import/export facilities and establishments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... hourly user fee rate in § 130.30(2) applies to biosecurity level two laboratories. (b) [Reserved] [65 FR... approval) Per year $537.00 $553.00 $570.00 $587.00 $604.00 Inspection for approval of biosecurity level three labs (all inspections related to approving the laboratory for handling one defined set of...

  4. 75 FR 33761 - Notice of a New Fee Site; Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act (Title VIII, Pub. L. 108-447)

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-06-15

    ... $5.00 daily user fee or accept the $20 annual user vehicle sticker at the Beck Road Trailhead based... Beck Road Trailhead on the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest will provide a much needed trailhead... communities of Drummond, Barnes, Cable, Delta, and Iron River. The funds collected at the Beck Road Trailhead...

  5. 78 FR 32067 - User Fees for 2013 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-05-29

    ... Fees for 2013 Crop Cotton Classification Services to Growers AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service... cotton producers for 2013 crop cotton classification services at $2.20 per bale--the same level as in 2012. Revenues resulting from this cotton classing fee and existing reserves are sufficient to cover...

  6. USFWS demonstration fees

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Taylor, Jonathan; Vaske, Jerry; Donnelly, Maureen; Shelby, Lori

    2002-01-01

    This study examined National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) visitors' reactions to changes in fees implemented as part of the fee demonstration program. Visitors' evaluations of the fees paid were examined in addition to their beliefs about fees and the fee demonstration program, and the impact of fees paid on their intention to return. All results were analyzed relative to socio-demographic characteristics.

  7. Health care utilisation under the 30-Baht Scheme among the urban poor in Mitrapap slum, Khon Kaen, Thailand: a cross-sectional study

    PubMed Central

    Coronini-Cronberg, Sophie; Laohasiriwong, Wongsa; Gericke, Christian A

    2007-01-01

    Background In 2001, the Government of Thailand introduced a universal coverage scheme with the aim of ensuring equitable health care access for even the poorest citizens. For a flat user fee of 30 Baht per consultation, or for free for those falling into exemption categories, every scheme participant may access registered health services. The exemption categories include children under 12 years of age, senior citizens aged 60 years and over, the very poor, and volunteer health workers. The functioning of these exemption mechanisms and the effect of the scheme on health service utilisation among the poor is controversial. Methods This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of 30-Baht Scheme registration and subsequent self-reported health service utilisation among an urban poor population in the Teparuk community within the Mitrapap slum in Khon Kaen city, northeastern Thailand. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the exemption mechanisms in reaching the very poor and the elderly was examined. Factors for users' choice of health facilities were identified. Results Overall, the proportion of the Teparuk community enrolled with the 30-Baht Scheme was high at 86%, with over one quarter of these exempted from paying the consultation fee. User fee exemption was significantly more frequent among households with an above-poverty-line income (64.7%) compared to those below the poverty line (35.3%), χ2 (df) = 5.251 (1); p-value = 0.018. In addition, one third of respondents over 60 years of age were found to be still paying user fees. Self-reported use of registered medical facilities in case of illness was stated to be predominantly due to the service being available through the scheme, with service quality not a chief consideration. Overall consumer satisfaction was high, especially among those not required to pay the 30 Baht user fee. Conclusion Whilst the 30-Baht Scheme seems to cover most of the poor population of Mitrapap slum in Khon Kaen, the user fee exemption mechanism only works partially with regard to reaching the poorest and exempting senior citizens. Service utilisation and satisfaction are highest amongst those who are fee-exempt. Service quality was not an important factor influencing choice of health facility. Ways should be sought to improve the effectiveness of the current exemption mechanisms. PMID:17883874

  8. 48 CFR 1819.7208 - Award Fee Pilot Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Award Fee Pilot Program... Pilot Program. (a) Mentors will be eligible to earn a separate award fee associated with the provision... related to the mentor-protégé relationship. (d) The Award Fee Pilot Program is an addition to the credit...

  9. 78 FR 66746 - Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act; Notice to Public of Web Site Location of Fiscal...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-11-06

    ...] Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act; Notice to Public of Web Site Location of Fiscal Year 2014... and Drug Administration (FDA or the Agency) is announcing the Web site location where the Agency will... documents, FDA has committed to updating its Web site in a timely manner to reflect the Agency's review of...

  10. Road user fee task force report to the 72nd Oregon Legislative Assembly on the possible alternatives of the current system of taxing highway use through motor vehicle fuel taxes

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2003-03-01

    Recognizing that the fuel tax is a declining revenue source for Oregon's road system, the 2001 Oregon Legislative Assembly passed House Bill 3946, mandating the formation of the Road User Fee Task Force with the mission to develop a design for revenu...

  11. User-fee-removal improves equity of children's health care utilization and reduces families' financial burden: evidence from Jamaica.

    PubMed

    Li, Zhihui; Li, Mingqiang; Fink, Günther; Bourne, Paul; Bärnighausen, Till; Atun, Rifat

    2017-06-01

    The impact of user-fee policies on the equity of health care utilization and households' financial burdens has remained largely unexplored in Latin American and the Caribbean, as well as in upper-middle-income countries. This paper assesses the short- and long-term impacts of Jamaica's user-fee-removal for children in 2007. This study utilizes 14 rounds of data from the Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions (JSLC) for the periods 1996 to 2012. JSLC is a national household survey, which collects data on health care utilization and among other purposes for planning. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was used to examine the immediate impact of the user-fee-removal policy on children's health care utilization and households' financial burdens, as well as the impact in the medium- to long-term. Immediately following the implementation of user-fee-removal, the odds of seeking for health care if the children fell ill in the past 4 weeks increased by 97% (odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 3.5, P  = 0.018). In the short-term (2007-2008), health care utilization increased at a faster rate among children not in poverty than children in poverty; while this gap narrowed after 2008. There was minimal difference in health care utilization across wealth groups in the medium- to long-term. The household's financial burden (health expenditure as a share of household's non-food expenditures) reduced by 6 percentage points (95% CI: -11 to -1, P  = 0.020) right after the policy was implemented and kept at a low level. The difference in financial burden between children in poverty and children not in poverty shrunk rapidly after 2007 and remained small in subsequent years. User-fee-removal had a positive impact on promoting health care utilization among children and reducing their household health expenditures in Jamaica. The short-term and the medium- to long-term results have different indications: In the short-term, the policy deteriorated the equity of access to health care for children, while the equity status improved fast in the medium- to long-term.

  12. 77 FR 23313 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; International Securities Exchange, LLC; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-18

    ... Rule Change To Amend an Existing Fee Cap Program and Related Service Fee April 12, 2012. Pursuant to... fee cap program and a related service fee. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the... Rule Change 1. Purpose The Exchange currently has a fee cap program that, subject to certain exclusions...

  13. 77 FR 65199 - Generic Drug User Fee-Backlog Fee Rate for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-25

    ... payment to ensure that your backlog fee is fully paid. The account information is as follows: New York... INFORMATION CONTACT: David Miller, Office of Financial Management (HFA-100), Food and Drug Administration, 1350 Piccard Dr., PI50, rm. 210J, Rockville, MD 20850, 301-796-7103. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I...

  14. 76 FR 39788 - Regulations Governing Fees for Services

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-07

    ... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Surface Transportation Board 49 CFR Part 1002 [Docket No. EP 542 (Sub... governing user fees for services performed, 49 CFR 1002.2(f), Part V, by lowering the fee for sub-item 56(iv... complaint to the Board. For example, over the past 10 years, our Rail Consumer and Public Assistance unit...

  15. 49 CFR 360.5 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent... material in the Federal Register or FMCSA Register. (This rounding procedures excludes copying, printing... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent...

  16. 8 CFR 286.2 - Fee for arrival of passengers aboard commercial aircraft or commercial vessels.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS IMMIGRATION USER FEE § 286.2 Fee for arrival of passengers aboard..., per individual is charged and collected by the Commissioner for the immigration inspection of each... Act, per individual, is charged and collected by the Commissioner for the immigration inspection at a...

  17. Colorado mileage-based user fee study.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2013-12-01

    The Transportation Research Board, Government Accountability Office, and Colorado Transportation : Finance and Implementation Panel (CTFIP) suggested that Colorado pursue fees based on actual travel : as an alternative to the fuel tax. Revenues from ...

  18. Financial incentives and coverage of child health interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    PubMed

    Bassani, Diego G; Arora, Paul; Wazny, Kerri; Gaffey, Michelle F; Lenters, Lindsey; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A

    2013-01-01

    Financial incentives are widely used strategies to alleviate poverty, foster development, and improve health. Cash transfer programs, microcredit, user fee removal policies and voucher schemes that provide direct or indirect monetary incentives to households have been used for decades in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and more recently in Southeast Asia. Until now, no systematic review of the impact of financial incentives on coverage and uptake of health interventions targeting children under 5 years of age has been conducted. The objective of this review is to provide estimates on the effect of six types of financial incentive programs: (i) Unconditional cash transfers (CT), (ii) Conditional cash transfers (CCT), (iii) Microcredit (MC), (iv) Conditional Microcredit (CMC), (v) Voucher schemes (VS) and (vi) User fee removal (UFR) on the uptake and coverage of health interventions targeting children under the age of five years. We conducted systematic searches of a series of databases until September 1st, 2012, to identify relevant studies reporting on the impact of financial incentives on coverage of health interventions and behaviors targeting children under 5 years of age. The quality of the studies was assessed using the CHERG criteria. Meta-analyses were undertaken to estimate the effect when multiple studies meeting our inclusion criteria were available. Our searches resulted in 1671 titles identified 25 studies reporting on the impact of financial incentive programs on 5 groups of coverage indicators: breastfeeding practices (breastfeeding incidence, proportion of children receiving colostrum and early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding for six months and duration of breastfeeding); vaccination (coverage of full immunization, partial immunization and specific antigens); health care use (seeking healthcare when child was ill, visits to health facilities for preventive reasons, visits to health facilities for any reason, visits for health check-up including growth control); management of diarrhoeal disease (ORS use during diarrhea episode, continued feeding during diarrhea, healthcare during diarrhea episode) and other preventive health interventions (iron supplementation, vitamin A, zinc supplementation, preventive deworming). The quality of evidence on the effect of financial incentives on breastfeeding practices was low but seems to indicate a potential positive impact on receiving colostrum, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding. There is no effect of financial incentives on immunization coverage although there was moderate quality evidence of conditional cash transfers leading to a small but non-significant increase in coverage of age-appropriate immunization. There was low quality evidence of impact of CCT on healthcare use by children under age 5 (Risk difference: 0.14 [95%CI: 0.03; 0.26]) as well as low quality evidence of an effect of user fee removal on use of curative health services (RD=0.62 [0.41; 0.82]). Financial incentives may have potential to promote increased coverage of several important child health interventions, but the quality of evidence available is low. The more pronounced effects seem to be achieved by programs that directly removed user fees for access to health services. Some indication of effect were also observed for programs that conditioned financial incentives on participation in health education and attendance to health care visits. This finding suggest that the measured effect may be less a consequence of the financial incentive and more due to conditionalities addressing important informational barriers.

  19. Financial incentives and coverage of child health interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    PubMed Central

    2013-01-01

    Background Financial incentives are widely used strategies to alleviate poverty, foster development, and improve health. Cash transfer programs, microcredit, user fee removal policies and voucher schemes that provide direct or indirect monetary incentives to households have been used for decades in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and more recently in Southeast Asia. Until now, no systematic review of the impact of financial incentives on coverage and uptake of health interventions targeting children under 5 years of age has been conducted. The objective of this review is to provide estimates on the effect of six types of financial incentive programs: (i) Unconditional cash transfers (CT), (ii) Conditional cash transfers (CCT), (iii) Microcredit (MC), (iv) Conditional Microcredit (CMC), (v) Voucher schemes (VS) and (vi) User fee removal (UFR) on the uptake and coverage of health interventions targeting children under the age of five years. Methods We conducted systematic searches of a series of databases until September 1st, 2012, to identify relevant studies reporting on the impact of financial incentives on coverage of health interventions and behaviors targeting children under 5 years of age. The quality of the studies was assessed using the CHERG criteria. Meta-analyses were undertaken to estimate the effect when multiple studies meeting our inclusion criteria were available. Results Our searches resulted in 1671 titles identified 25 studies reporting on the impact of financial incentive programs on 5 groups of coverage indicators: breastfeeding practices (breastfeeding incidence, proportion of children receiving colostrum and early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding for six months and duration of breastfeeding); vaccination (coverage of full immunization, partial immunization and specific antigens); health care use (seeking healthcare when child was ill, visits to health facilities for preventive reasons, visits to health facilities for any reason, visits for health check-up including growth control); management of diarrhoeal disease (ORS use during diarrhea episode, continued feeding during diarrhea, healthcare during diarrhea episode) and other preventive health interventions (iron supplementation, vitamin A, zinc supplementation, preventive deworming). The quality of evidence on the effect of financial incentives on breastfeeding practices was low but seems to indicate a potential positive impact on receiving colostrum, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and mean duration of exclusive breastfeeding. There is no effect of financial incentives on immunization coverage although there was moderate quality evidence of conditional cash transfers leading to a small but non-significant increase in coverage of age-appropriate immunization. There was low quality evidence of impact of CCT on healthcare use by children under age 5 (Risk difference: 0.14 [95%CI: 0.03; 0.26]) as well as low quality evidence of an effect of user fee removal on use of curative health services (RD=0.62 [0.41; 0.82]). Conclusions Financial incentives may have potential to promote increased coverage of several important child health interventions, but the quality of evidence available is low. The more pronounced effects seem to be achieved by programs that directly removed user fees for access to health services. Some indication of effect were also observed for programs that conditioned financial incentives on participation in health education and attendance to health care visits. This finding suggest that the measured effect may be less a consequence of the financial incentive and more due to conditionalities addressing important informational barriers. PMID:24564520

  20. 42 CFR 493.645 - Additional fee(s) applicable to approved State laboratory programs and laboratories issued a...

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS General Administration § 493.645 Additional fee(s) applicable to approved State laboratory programs and... laboratory programs and laboratories issued a certificate of accreditation, certificate of waiver, or...

  1. Free versus subsidised healthcare: options for fee exemptions, access to care for vulnerable groups and effects on the health system in Burkina Faso.

    PubMed

    Yaogo, Maurice

    2017-07-12

    The many forms of healthcare fee exemptions implemented in Burkina Faso since the 2000s have varied between total exemption (free) and cost subsidisation. This article examines both options, their contextual variations and the ways in which they affect access to healthcare for vulnerable people as well as the operation of the health system. This research is part of an interdisciplinary regional program on the elimination of user fees for health services in West Africa (Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger). A conceptual framework and a chronological review of policy interventions are used as references to summarise the results of the three qualitative studies presented. Historical reference points are used to describe the emergence of healthcare fee exemption policies in Burkina Faso and the events that influenced their adoption. The joint analysis of opinions on options for fee exemption focuses on the different types of repercussions on access to healthcare and the operation of the health system. In conjunction with the twists and turns of the gradual development of a national health policy and in response to international recommendations, healthcare fee exemptions have evolved since colonisation. The limitations of the changes introduced with cost recovery and the barriers to healthcare access for the poorest people led to the adoption of the current sectorial fee exemptions. The results provide information on the reasons for the changes that have occurred over time. The nuanced perspectives of different categories of people surveyed about fee exemption options show that, beyond the perceived effects on healthcare access and the health system, the issue is one of more equitable governance. In principle, the fee exemption measures are intended to provide improved healthcare access for vulnerable groups. In practice, the negative effects on the operation of the health system advocate for reforms to harmonise the changes to multifaceted fee exemptions and the actual needs to promote effectiveness and sustainability.

  2. 9 CFR 130.6 - User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. 130.6 Section 130.6 Animals and Animal... User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. (a... importation into or entry into the United States through a land border port along the United States-Mexico...

  3. 15 CFR Appendix A to Part 950 - Schedule of User Fees for Access to NOAA Environmental Data

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ....00 2.00 Online In-Situ Digital Data 6.00 6.00 Data Poster 18.00 18.00 Shipping Service for orders... * 11.00 Additional National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) User Fees: Mini Poster 1.00 1.00 Icosahedron... 7,665.00 8,032.00 Data Poster * 18.00 High Definition Geomagnetic Model * 19,997.00 * Reflects a new...

  4. 9 CFR 130.6 - User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. 130.6 Section 130.6 Animals and Animal... User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. (a... importation into or entry into the United States through a land border port along the United States-Mexico...

  5. 9 CFR 130.6 - User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. 130.6 Section 130.6 Animals and Animal... User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. (a... importation into or entry into the United States through a land border port along the United States-Mexico...

  6. 9 CFR 130.6 - User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. 130.6 Section 130.6 Animals and Animal... User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. (a... importation into or entry into the United States through a land border port along the United States-Mexico...

  7. 9 CFR 130.6 - User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. 130.6 Section 130.6 Animals and Animal... User fees for inspection of live animals at land border ports along the United States-Mexico border. (a... importation into or entry into the United States through a land border port along the United States-Mexico...

  8. National Practitioner Data Bank; change in user fee and elimination of diskette queries--HRSA. Withdrawal.

    PubMed

    1998-02-13

    National Practitioner Data Bank; Change in User Fee and Elimination of Diskette Queries notice, document 98-2637, pages 5811-5812, Volume 63, Number 23, in the issue of Wednesday, February 4, 1998, was published in error and is withdrawn from publication. The correct version of the notice was published on Thursday, January 29, 1998, Document No. 98-2116, Volume 63, Number 19, page 4460.

  9. 76 FR 79233 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NYSE Amex LLC; Order Approving a Proposed Rule Change Expanding...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-12-21

    ... Potential ``Users'' of Its Co-Location Services To Include Any Market Participant that Requests To Receive Co-Location Services Directly from the Exchange and Amending Its Fee Schedule To Establish a Fee for... co-location services, and to amend its Fee Schedule. The proposed rule change was published for...

  10. The Pricing of Information--A Search-Based Approach to Pricing an Online Search Service.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Boyle, Harry F.

    1982-01-01

    Describes innovative pricing structure consisting of low connect time fee, print fees, and search fees, offered by Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) ONLINE--an online searching system used to locate chemical substances. Pricing options considered by CAS, the search-based pricing approach, and users' reactions to pricing structures are noted. (EJS)

  11. 7 CFR 504.2 - Fees for deposit and requisition of microbial cultures.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees for deposit and requisition of microbial cultures... cultures. (a) Depositors of microbial cultures must pay a one-time $500 user fee for each culture deposited on or after November 1, 1983. (b) For cultures deposited on or after November 1, 1983, requesters...

  12. 75 FR 81110 - Schedule of Fees for Access to NOAA Environmental Data, Information, and Related Products and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-27

    ... Related Products and Services AGENCY: National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service..., information, and related products and services to users. NESDIS is revising the fee schedule to ensure that... related products and services. NESDIS is authorized under 15 U.S.C. 1534 to assess fees, up to fair market...

  13. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; HHS Notice of Benefit and Payment Parameters for 2018; Amendments to Special Enrollment Periods and the Consumer Operated and Oriented Plan Program. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2016-12-22

    This final rule sets forth payment parameters and provisions related to the risk adjustment program; cost-sharing parameters and cost-sharing reductions; and user fees for Federally-facilitated Exchanges and State-based Exchanges on the Federal platform. It also provides additional guidance relating to standardized options; qualified health plans; consumer assistance tools; network adequacy; the Small Business Health Options Programs; stand-alone dental plans; fair health insurance premiums; guaranteed availability and guaranteed renewability; the medical loss ratio program; eligibility and enrollment; appeals; consumer-operated and oriented plans; special enrollment periods; and other related topics.

  14. 32 CFR 310.20 - Reproduction fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Reproduction fees. 310.20 Section 310.20... PROGRAM DOD PRIVACY PROGRAM Access by Individuals § 310.20 Reproduction fees. (a) Assessing fees. (1) Charge the individual only the direct cost of reproduction. (2) Do not charge reproduction fees if...

  15. 32 CFR 310.20 - Reproduction fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Reproduction fees. 310.20 Section 310.20... PROGRAM DOD PRIVACY PROGRAM Access by Individuals § 310.20 Reproduction fees. (a) Assessing fees. (1) Charge the individual only the direct cost of reproduction. (2) Do not charge reproduction fees if...

  16. 49 CFR 360.5 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-10-01

    ... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent... material in the Federal Register or FMCSA Register. (This rounding procedures excludes copying, printing...

  17. 49 CFR 360.5 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-10-01

    ... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent... material in the Federal Register or FMCSA Register. (This rounding procedures excludes copying, printing...

  18. 49 CFR 360.5 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-10-01

    ... determined by the cost study in Regulations Governing Fees For Service, 1 I.C.C. 2d 60 (1984), or subsequent... material in the Federal Register or FMCSA Register. (This rounding procedures excludes copying, printing...

  19. 40 CFR 700.45 - Fee payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... shall be in United States currency and shall be paid by money order, bank draft, wire transfer, Pay.gov... Finance Center, Toxic Substances Control Act User Fees, P.O. Box 979073, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000. (3...

  20. 40 CFR 195.30 - Failure to remit fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS RADON PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS Fees § 195.30 Failure to remit fee. EPA will not process an application or continue a participant's listing in the National Radon Measurement Proficiency program, individual proficiency component of the RMP program, or the National Radon Contractor Proficiency program until the...

  1. 40 CFR 195.30 - Failure to remit fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PROGRAMS RADON PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS Fees § 195.30 Failure to remit fee. EPA will not process an application or continue a participant's listing in the National Radon Measurement Proficiency program, individual proficiency component of the RMP program, or the National Radon Contractor Proficiency program until the...

  2. Relationship between pharmaceutical company user fees and drug approvals in Canada and Australia: a hypothesis-generating study.

    PubMed

    Lexchin, Joel

    2006-12-01

    Since the early- to mid-1990s, drug companies have paid fees for a variety of activities carried out by the Therapeutic Products Directorate in Canada and the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia. To explore whether changes in approval times for new active substances and in the percentage of new drug submissions receiving positive decisions coincided with the level of user fees. Data were collected from a range of Canadian and Australian government publications on the following topics: total funding for and workload of the regulatory agencies, the percentage of income that came from tax revenue and user fees, the percentage of new drug submissions that received a positive decision, and-for Canada only-the percent of submissions that were approved on first review. In both countries, there was a moderate-to-strong positive association between the level of industry funding and the percent of submissions that received a positive decision and a moderate-to-strong (Canada) and moderate (Australia) negative association between the level of industry funding and approval times. Changes observed in both countries are favorable to the pharmaceutical industry. Other than user fees leading to a pro-industry bias in the regulatory authorities, other possible explanations include a more efficient use of resources, a smaller workload (Canada), an improvement in the quality of drug submissions (Canada), and more resources (Australia). Further research strategies are needed to either confirm or refute the hypothesis that the level of industry funding affects decisions made in drug regulatory systems.

  3. Modeling Freight Ocean Rail and Truck Transportation Flows to Support Policy Analyses

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Gearhart, Jared Lee; Wang, Hao; Nozick, Linda Karen

    Freight transportation represents about 9.5% of GDP, is responsible for about 8% of greenhouse gas emissions and supports the import and export of about 3.6 trillion in international trade; hence it is important that our national freight transportation system is designed and operated efficiently and embodies user fees and other policies that balance costs and environmental consequences. Hence, this paper develops a mathematical model to estimate international and domestic freight flows across ocean, rail and truck modes which can be used to study the impacts of changes in our infrastructure as well as the imposition of new user fees andmore » changes in operating policies. This model is applied to two case studies: (1) a disruption of the maritime ports at Los Angeles/Long Beach similar to the impacts that would be felt in an earthquake; and (2) implementation of new user fees at the California ports.« less

  4. 77 FR 24480 - Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program-Reopening the AP Test Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-04-24

    ... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Application for New Awards; Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program--Reopening the AP Test Fee Fiscal Year 2012 Competition AGENCY: Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE), Department of Education. ACTION: Notice reopening the AP Test Fee fiscal year 2012 competition...

  5. 76 FR 16388 - Fees for Reviews of the Rule Enforcement Programs of Contract Markets and Registered Futures...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... charges fees to designated contract markets and registered futures associations to recover the costs..., as explained below. The FY 2010 fee includes adjustments to program costs incurred in FY 2008 and 2009, which are being revised as a result of an internal review of program costs. The FY 2010 fee...

  6. Why Did Abolishing Fees Not Increase Public School Enrollment in Kenya? Africa Growth Initiative. Working Paper 4

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Bold, Tessa; Kimenyi, Mwangi S.; Mwabu, Germano; Sandefur, Justin

    2013-01-01

    A large empirical literature has shown that user fees significantly deter public service utilization in developing countries. While most of these results reflect partial equilibrium analysis, we find that the nationwide abolition of public school fees in Kenya in 2003 led to no increase in net public enrollment rates, but rather a dramatic shift…

  7. 49 CFR 1002.3 - Updating user fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... Services, 1 I.C.C.2d 60 (1984) or subsequent cost studies. The base period for measuring changes shall be... material in the Federal Register. (e) All updated fees shall be rounded downward in the following manner...

  8. Fees for Library Service: They Are not Inevitable!

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kranich, Nancy

    1980-01-01

    The interests of libraries and users are best served when library services are provided without fee. Policy makers must be convinced that library services are a combination of public and merit goods deserving governmental funding. (RAA)

  9. 76 FR 16422 - Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-03-23

    ... 0938-AQ99 Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application..., and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Additional Screening Requirements, Application Fees... application fees as part of the Medicare, Medicaid and Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) provider...

  10. 76 FR 67743 - Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-11-02

    ...] Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee Amount... period entitled: ``Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Additional Screening... application fees as part of the Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) provider...

  11. Ethical considerations related to participation and partnership: an investigation of stakeholders' perceptions of an action-research project on user fee removal for the poorest in Burkina Faso.

    PubMed

    Hunt, Matthew R; Gogognon, Patrick; Ridde, Valéry

    2014-02-20

    Healthcare user fees present an important barrier for accessing services for the poorest (indigents) in Burkina Faso and selective removal of fees has been incorporated in national healthcare planning. However, establishing fair, effective and sustainable mechanisms for the removal of user fees presents important challenges. A participatory action-research project was conducted in Ouargaye, Burkina Faso, to test mechanisms for identifying those who are indigents, and funding and implementing user fee removal. In this paper, we explore stakeholder perceptions of ethical considerations relating to participation and partnership arising in the action-research. We conducted 39 in-depth interviews to examine ethical issues associated with the action-research. Respondents included 14 individuals identified as indigent through the community selection process, seven members of village selection committees, six local healthcare professionals, five members of the management committees of local health clinics, five members of the research team, and four regional or national policy-makers. Using constant comparative techniques, we carried out an inductive thematic analysis of the collected data. The Ouargaye project involved a participatory model, included both implementation and research components, and focused on a vulnerable group within small, rural communities. Stakeholder perceptions and experiences relating to the participatory approach and reliance on multiple partnerships in the project were associated with a range of ethical considerations related to 1) seeking common ground through communication and collaboration, 2) community participation and risk of stigmatization, 3) impacts of local funding of the user fee removal, 4) efforts to promote fairness in the selection of the indigents, and 5) power relations and the development of partnerships. This investigation of the Ouargaye project serves to illuminate the distinctive ethical terrain of a participatory public health action-research project. In carrying out such projects, careful attention and effort is needed to establish and maintain respectful relationships amongst those involved, acknowledge and address differences of power and position, and evaluate burdens and risks for individuals and groups.

  12. Ethical considerations related to participation and partnership: an investigation of stakeholders’ perceptions of an action-research project on user fee removal for the poorest in Burkina Faso

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    Background Healthcare user fees present an important barrier for accessing services for the poorest (indigents) in Burkina Faso and selective removal of fees has been incorporated in national healthcare planning. However, establishing fair, effective and sustainable mechanisms for the removal of user fees presents important challenges. A participatory action-research project was conducted in Ouargaye, Burkina Faso, to test mechanisms for identifying those who are indigents, and funding and implementing user fee removal. In this paper, we explore stakeholder perceptions of ethical considerations relating to participation and partnership arising in the action-research. Methods We conducted 39 in-depth interviews to examine ethical issues associated with the action-research. Respondents included 14 individuals identified as indigent through the community selection process, seven members of village selection committees, six local healthcare professionals, five members of the management committees of local health clinics, five members of the research team, and four regional or national policy-makers. Using constant comparative techniques, we carried out an inductive thematic analysis of the collected data. Results The Ouargaye project involved a participatory model, included both implementation and research components, and focused on a vulnerable group within small, rural communities. Stakeholder perceptions and experiences relating to the participatory approach and reliance on multiple partnerships in the project were associated with a range of ethical considerations related to 1) seeking common ground through communication and collaboration, 2) community participation and risk of stigmatization, 3) impacts of local funding of the user fee removal, 4) efforts to promote fairness in the selection of the indigents, and 5) power relations and the development of partnerships. Conclusions This investigation of the Ouargaye project serves to illuminate the distinctive ethical terrain of a participatory public health action-research project. In carrying out such projects, careful attention and effort is needed to establish and maintain respectful relationships amongst those involved, acknowledge and address differences of power and position, and evaluate burdens and risks for individuals and groups. PMID:24555854

  13. 75 FR 55678 - Minerals Management: Adjustment of Cost Recovery Fees

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-09-14

    ... text to the general cost recovery fee table so that mineral cost recovery fees can be found in one... Coal and Oil Shale) Program's lease renewal fee will increase from $480 to $485; (C) The Mining Law... $2,840; and (D) The Mining Law Administration Program's fee for mineral patent adjudication of 10 or...

  14. Assessing the elimination of user fees for delivery services in Laos.

    PubMed

    Boudreaux, Chantelle; Chanthala, Phetdara; Lindelow, Magnus

    2014-01-01

    A pilot eliminating user fees associated with delivery at the point of services was introduced in two districts of Laos in March 2009. Following two years of implementation, an evaluation was conducted to assess the pilot impact, as well as to document the pilot design and implementation challenges. Study results show that, even in the presence of the substantial access and cultural barriers, user fees associated with delivery at health facilities act as a serious deterrent to care seeking behavior. We find a tripling of facility-based delivery rates in the intervention areas, compared to a 40% increase in the control areas. While findings from the control region suggest that facility-based delivery rates may be on the rise across the country, the substantially higher increase in the pilot areas highlight the impact of financial burden associated with facility-based delivery fees. These fees can play an important role in rapidly increasing the uptake of facility delivery to reach the national targets and, ultimately, to improve maternal and child health outcomes. The pilot achieved important gains while relying heavily on capacity and systems already in place. However, the high cost associated with monitoring and evaluation suggest broad-scale expansion of the pilot activities is likely to necessitate targeted capacity building initiatives, especially in areas with limited district level capacity to manage funds and deliver detailed and timely reports.

  15. Two-Level Verification of Data Integrity for Data Storage in Cloud Computing

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Guangwei; Chen, Chunlin; Wang, Hongya; Zang, Zhuping; Pang, Mugen; Jiang, Ping

    Data storage in cloud computing can save capital expenditure and relive burden of storage management for users. As the lose or corruption of files stored may happen, many researchers focus on the verification of data integrity. However, massive users often bring large numbers of verifying tasks for the auditor. Moreover, users also need to pay extra fee for these verifying tasks beyond storage fee. Therefore, we propose a two-level verification of data integrity to alleviate these problems. The key idea is to routinely verify the data integrity by users and arbitrate the challenge between the user and cloud provider by the auditor according to the MACs and ϕ values. The extensive performance simulations show that the proposed scheme obviously decreases auditor's verifying tasks and the ratio of wrong arbitration.

  16. 48 CFR 1819.7208 - Award Fee Pilot Program.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS NASA Mentor-Protégé Program 1819.7208 Award Fee Pilot Program. (a) Mentors will be eligible to earn a separate award fee associated with the provision... the end of the Mentor-Protégé agreement period. (b) The overall developmental assistance performance...

  17. 13 CFR 120.1702 - Program fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Program fee. 120.1702 Section 120.1702 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1702 Program fee. Ongoing...

  18. 7 CFR 2201.21 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees. 2201.21 Section 2201.21 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) LOCAL TELEVISION LOAN GUARANTEE BOARD LOCAL TELEVISION LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM-PROGRAM REGULATIONS Loan Guarantees § 2201.21 Fees. (a) Application Fee. The...

  19. 77 FR 49749 - Procedures for Assessment and Collection of Regulatory Fees; Assessment and Collection of...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-17

    ... regulatory fees. Although the Commission has made a number of discrete changes to the regulatory fee program... Commission has made a number of discrete changes to the regulatory fee program since 1994, we have not...

  20. Removing user fees in the health sector: a review of policy processes in six sub-Saharan African countries.

    PubMed

    Meessen, Bruno; Hercot, David; Noirhomme, Mathieu; Ridde, Valéry; Tibouti, Abdelmajid; Tashobya, Christine Kirunga; Gilson, Lucy

    2011-11-01

    In recent years, governments of several low-income countries have taken decisive action by removing fully or partially user fees in the health sector. In this study, we review recent reforms in six sub-Saharan African countries: Burkina Faso, Burundi, Ghana, Liberia, Senegal and Uganda. The review describes the processes and strategies through which user fee removal reforms have been implemented and tries to assess them by referring to a good practice hypotheses framework. The analysis shows that African leaders are willing to take strong action to remove financial barriers met by vulnerable groups, especially pregnant women and children. However, due to a lack of consultation and the often unexpected timing of the decision taken by the political authorities, there was insufficient preparation for user fee removal in several countries. This lack of preparation resulted in poor design of the reform and weaknesses in the processes of policy formulation and implementation. Our assessment is that there is now a window of opportunity in many African countries for policy action to address barriers to accessing health care. Mobilizing sufficient financial resources and obtaining long-term commitment are obviously crucial requirements, but design details, the formulation process and implementation plan also need careful thought. We contend that national policy-makers and international agencies could better collaborate in this respect.

  1. 75 FR 45632 - Animal Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-03

    ... available to you after you submit a cover sheet. Click the ``Pay Now'' button.) On your check, bank draft... 2011, FDA is assuming that the number of applications that will pay fees in FY 2011 will equal the... applications subject to the criteria set forth is section 512(d)(4) of the act which pay half of the full fee...

  2. User fee exemptions and excessive household spending for normal delivery in Burkina Faso: the need for careful implementation.

    PubMed

    Ben Ameur, Amal; Ridde, Valéry; Bado, Aristide R; Ingabire, Marie-Gloriose; Queuille, Ludovic

    2012-11-21

    In 2006, the Parliament of Burkina Faso passed a policy to reduce the direct costs of obstetric services and neonatal care in the country's health centres, aiming to lower the country's high national maternal mortality and morbidity rates. Implementation was via a "partial exemption" covering 80% of the costs. In 2008 the German NGO HELP launched a pilot project in two health districts to eliminate the remaining 20% of user fees. Regardless of any exemptions, women giving birth in Burkina Faso's health centres face additional expenses that often represent an additional barrier to accessing health services. We compared the total cost of giving birth in health centres offering partial exemption versus those with full exemption to assess the impact on additional out-of-pocket fees. A case-control study was performed to compare medical expenses. Case subjects were women who gave birth in 12 health centres located in the Dori and Sebba districts, where HELP provided full fee exemption for obstetric services and neonatal care. Controls were from six health centres in the neighbouring Djibo district where a partial fee exemption was in place. A random sample of approximately 50 women per health centre was selected for a total of 870 women. There was an implementation gap regarding the full exemption for obstetric services and neonatal care. Only 1.1% of the sample from Sebba but 17.5% of the group from Dori had excessive spending on birth related costs, indicating that women who delivered in Sebba were much less exposed to excessive medical expenses than women from Dori. Additional out-of-pocket fees in the full exemption health districts took into account household ability to pay, with poorer women generally paying less. We found that the elimination of fees for facility-based births benefits especially the poorest households. The existence of excessive spending related to direct costs of giving birth is of concern, making it urgent for the government to remove all direct fees for obstetric and neonatal care. However, the policy of completely abolishing user fees is insufficient; the implementation process must have a thorough monitoring system to reduce implementation gaps.

  3. Transversal analysis of public policies on user fees exemptions in six West African countries.

    PubMed

    Ridde, Valéry; Queuille, Ludovic; Kafando, Yamba; Robert, Emilie

    2012-11-20

    While more and more West African countries are implementing public user fees exemption policies, there is still little knowledge available on this topic. The long time required for scientific production, combined with the needs of decision-makers, led to the creation in 2010 of a project to support implementers in aggregating knowledge on their experiences. This article presents a transversal analysis of user fees exemption policies implemented in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Togo and Senegal. This was a multiple case study with several embedded levels of analysis. The cases were public user fees exemption policies selected by the participants because of their instructive value. The data used in the countries were taken from documentary analysis, interviews and questionnaires. The transversal analysis was based on a framework for studying five implementation components and five actors' attitudes usually encountered in these policies. The analysis of the implementation components revealed: a majority of State financing; maintenance of centrally organized financing; a multiplicity of reimbursement methods; reimbursement delays and/or stock shortages; almost no implementation guides; a lack of support measures; communication plans that were rarely carried out, funded or renewed; health workers who were given general information but not details; poorly informed populations; almost no evaluation systems; ineffective and poorly funded coordination systems; low levels of community involvement; and incomplete referral-evacuation systems. With regard to actors' attitudes, the analysis revealed: objectives that were appreciated by everyone; dissatisfaction with the implementation; specific tensions between healthcare providers and patients; overall satisfaction among patients, but still some problems; the perception that while the financial barrier has been removed, other barriers persist; occasionally a reorganization of practices, service rationing due to lack of reimbursement, and some overcharging or shifting of resources. This transversal analysis confirms the need to assign a great deal of importance to the implementation of user fees exemption policies once these decisions have been taken. It also highlights some practices that suggest avenues of future research.

  4. 24 CFR 214.313 - Housing counseling fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Housing counseling fees. 214.313... HOUSING COUNSELING PROGRAM Program Administration § 214.313 Housing counseling fees. (a) Participating agencies may charge reasonable and customary fees for housing education and counseling services, as long as...

  5. 24 CFR 214.313 - Housing counseling fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Housing counseling fees. 214.313... HOUSING COUNSELING PROGRAM Program Administration § 214.313 Housing counseling fees. (a) Participating agencies may charge reasonable and customary fees for housing education and counseling services, as long as...

  6. 24 CFR 214.313 - Housing counseling fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Housing counseling fees. 214.313... HOUSING COUNSELING PROGRAM Program Administration § 214.313 Housing counseling fees. (a) Participating agencies may charge reasonable and customary fees for housing education and counseling services, as long as...

  7. 24 CFR 214.313 - Housing counseling fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Housing counseling fees. 214.313... HOUSING COUNSELING PROGRAM Program Administration § 214.313 Housing counseling fees. (a) Participating agencies may charge reasonable and customary fees for housing education and counseling services, as long as...

  8. 24 CFR 214.313 - Housing counseling fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-04-01

    ... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Housing counseling fees. 214.313... HOUSING COUNSELING PROGRAM Program Administration § 214.313 Housing counseling fees. (a) Participating agencies may charge reasonable and customary fees for housing education and counseling services, as long as...

  9. 32 CFR 287.7 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees. 287.7 Section 287.7 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM DEFENSE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 287.7 Fees. Fees charged...

  10. Potential benefits of mileage-based user fees to the freight industry and industry concerns.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2012-08-01

    The concept of funding surface transportation infrastructure through fees charged on miles driven has been : receiving growing attention from transportation professionals and researchers in recent years. Highway funding in : the United States has tra...

  11. 32 CFR 290.8 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees. 290.8 Section 290.8 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY (DCAA) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 290.8 Fees. (a) Fees...

  12. 32 CFR 290.8 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fees. 290.8 Section 290.8 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY (DCAA) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 290.8 Fees. (a) Fees...

  13. 32 CFR 319.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees. 319.11 Section 319.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PRIVACY PROGRAM § 319.11 Fees. (a) The schedule of fees chargeable is contained at § 286.60...

  14. 32 CFR 319.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fees. 319.11 Section 319.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PRIVACY PROGRAM § 319.11 Fees. (a) The schedule of fees chargeable is contained at § 286.60...

  15. 32 CFR 319.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fees. 319.11 Section 319.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PRIVACY PROGRAM § 319.11 Fees. (a) The schedule of fees chargeable is contained at § 286.60...

  16. 75 FR 75666 - Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-06

    ... DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION [CFDA No. 84.330B] Advanced Placement (AP) Test Fee Program AGENCY: Office... AP Test Fee fiscal year (FY) 2011 competition. SUMMARY: On September 1, 2010, we published in the Federal Register (75 FR 53681) a notice inviting applications for the AP Test Fee FY 2011 competition...

  17. Querying and Computing with BioCyc Databases

    PubMed Central

    Krummenacker, Markus; Paley, Suzanne; Mueller, Lukas; Yan, Thomas; Karp, Peter D.

    2006-01-01

    Summary We describe multiple methods for accessing and querying the complex and integrated cellular data in the BioCyc family of databases: access through multiple file formats, access through Application Program Interfaces (APIs) for LISP, Perl and Java, and SQL access through the BioWarehouse relational database. Availability The Pathway Tools software and 20 BioCyc DBs in Tiers 1 and 2 are freely available to academic users; fees apply to some types of commercial use. For download instructions see http://BioCyc.org/download.shtml PMID:15961440

  18. SUPPORTING CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT: Framework for Considering Budgetary Implications of Selected GAO Work

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2001-03-01

    Certain State Taxes 95 Increase Nuclear Waste Disposal Fees 97 Recover Federal Investment in Successfully Commercialized Technologies 99 Revise the...Motor Fuels 154 Index Excise Tax Bases for Inflation 156 Increase Highway User Fees on Heavy Trucks 158 Impose Pollution Fees and Taxes 160 Appendix...Were Shared 284 Require Corporate Tax Document Matching 286 Improve Administration of the Tax Deduction for Real Estate Taxes 287 Increase Collection

  19. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; HHS Notice of Benefit and Payment Parameters for 2017. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2016-03-08

    This final rule sets forth payment parameters and provisions related to the risk adjustment, reinsurance, and risk corridors programs; cost-sharing parameters and cost-sharing reductions; and user fees for Federally-facilitated Exchanges. It also provides additional amendments regarding the annual open enrollment period for the individual market for the 2017 and 2018 benefit years; essential health benefits; cost sharing; qualified health plans; Exchange consumer assistance programs; network adequacy; patient safety; the Small Business Health Options Program; stand-alone dental plans; third-party payments to qualified health plans; the definitions of large employer and small employer; fair health insurance premiums; student health insurance coverage; the rate review program; the medical loss ratio program; eligibility and enrollment; exemptions and appeals; and other related topics.

  20. 40 CFR 195.20 - Fee payments.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... organization or individual who is not a listed participant in EPA's radon proficiency programs on the effective... and RCP programs shall pay fees according to the following fee schedule: (1) Organizations Listed for... listed participant, each organization that is listed for primary measurement services in the RMP program...

  1. User fees, self-selection and the poor in Bangladesh.

    PubMed

    Thomas, S; Killingsworth, J R; Acharya, S

    1998-03-01

    The widespread uncontrolled introduction of user fees in any developing country is likely to have a disastrous impact on poorer patients. Furthermore, traditional targeting schemes aimed at their exemption are often expensive, difficult to administer and ineffective at reaching those in greatest need. This research study examines how user fees can raise revenue and target poorer patients, under the right market conditions, without resorting to costly targeting schemes. The authors draw their findings from case studies of cost recovery in the health and population sectors in Bangladesh. The mechanism suggested in the paper is to use self-selection. It is argued that under certain market conditions poorer patients will choose the health-care option that is appropriate to their means. They will thus identify themselves as poor without having to be selected or tested by an independent authority. This self-selection allows the relevant authorities to cross-subsidize their market choice by over-charging the non-poor in other segments of the market.

  2. Applying Resource Based Relative Value Scales (RBRVS) to the Champus Program

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1990-12-01

    fee for the related service .[Ref. 6:p. 7] F. EFFECTS OF RBRVS When a Medicare fee schedule is fully implemented, several Important...reimbursement rates increase would be attracted to CHAMPUS. In analyzing the impact of a resource based fee schedule on the Medicare program, the PPRC...procedures performed by physicians into components of work, training costs, and practice costs. The Medicare program is planning to implement a fee

  3. 32 CFR 286.30 - Collection of fees and fee rates for technical data.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Collection of fees and fee rates for technical data. 286.30 Section 286.30 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM DOD FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM...

  4. 7 CFR 785.5 - Fees for mediation services.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees for mediation services. 785.5 Section 785.5... AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS CERTIFIED STATE MEDIATION PROGRAM § 785.5 Fees for mediation services. A requirement that non-USDA parties who elect to participate in mediation pay a fee for mediation services will...

  5. 15 CFR 16.6 - Establishment of fees and charges.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Establishment of fees and charges. 16... VOLUNTARY CONSUMER PRODUCT INFORMATION LABELING PROGRAM § 16.6 Establishment of fees and charges. (a) The... program, shall establish fees and charges for use of the Department of Commerce Label and Mark on each...

  6. 32 CFR 300.11 - General.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... PROGRAM DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM Fees and Fee Waivers § 300.11 General... considers fees charged by a Federal Records Center to retrieve and re-file records a part of the direct...

  7. EFFECT OF FEES ON WATER SERVICE CUTOFFS AND PAYMENT DELINQUENCIES

    EPA Science Inventory

    A study was conducted to determine whether increased water and sewer user fees have generated increases in payment delinquencies and service cutoff rates and whether they have created other problems such as increased health hazards. Another objective was to examine the varied use...

  8. Enhancing Kentucky's transportation funding capacity : a review of six innovative financing options.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2005-06-01

    Kentucky faces several challenges in meeting the funding needs for its transportation infrastructure. The state currently relies on a revenue stream based on road user taxes and fees. However, the structure of these taxes and fees are such that reven...

  9. Data transmission options for VMT data and fee collection centers.

    DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

    2002-11-01

    The Oregon Road User Fee Task Force (RUFTF) is charged with developing a design for revenue collection for Oregon's roads and highways that will replace the current system for revenue collection for all light vehicles in the state. One option under c...

  10. 77 FR 1101 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-01-09

    ... Login ID and FIX Login ID to $500 per month for regular access and $1000 per month for Sponsored User... a FIX fee of $1200 for a minimum of two monthly login IDs (so, $600 for one), or a fee of $2,400 for... to increase the fees charged for a CMI Login ID and FIX Login ID to $500 per month for regular access...

  11. 75 FR 21076 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated: Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-22

    ... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To Amend the Strategy Fee Cap Program April 15, 2010. Pursuant to section..., Incorporated (``CBOE'' or ``Exchange'') proposes to amend its strategy fee cap program. The text of the... strategies, as described in Footnote 13 of the CBOE Fees Schedule (``Strategy Fee Cap''). Specifically...

  12. 40 CFR 195.30 - Failure to remit fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Failure to remit fee. 195.30 Section... PROGRAMS RADON PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS Fees § 195.30 Failure to remit fee. EPA will not process an application... appropriate remittance provided in § 195.20(a) has been received by EPA. Failure by a currently EPA-listed...

  13. 40 CFR 195.30 - Failure to remit fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2012-07-01 2011-07-01 true Failure to remit fee. 195.30 Section... PROGRAMS RADON PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS Fees § 195.30 Failure to remit fee. EPA will not process an application... appropriate remittance provided in § 195.20(a) has been received by EPA. Failure by a currently EPA-listed...

  14. 40 CFR 195.30 - Failure to remit fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 40 Protection of Environment 25 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Failure to remit fee. 195.30 Section... PROGRAMS RADON PROFICIENCY PROGRAMS Fees § 195.30 Failure to remit fee. EPA will not process an application... appropriate remittance provided in § 195.20(a) has been received by EPA. Failure by a currently EPA-listed...

  15. Unit Costing of Health Extension Worker Activities in Ethiopia: A Model for Managers at the District and Health Facility Level

    PubMed Central

    Canavan, Maureen E.; Linnander, Erika; Ahmed, Shirin; Mohammed, Halima; Bradley, Elizabeth H.

    2018-01-01

    Background: Over the last decade, Ethiopia has made impressive national improvements in health outcomes, including reductions in maternal, neonatal, infant, and child mortality attributed in large part to their Health Extension Program (HEP). As this program continues to evolve and improve, understanding the unit cost of health extension worker (HEW) services is fundamental to planning for future growth and ensuring adequate financial support to deliver effective primary care throughout the country. Methods: We sought to examine and report the data needed to generate a HEW fee schedule that would allow for full cost recovery for HEW services. Using HEW activity data and estimates from national studies and local systems we were able to estimate salary costs and the average time spent by an HEW per patient/community encounter for each type of services associated with specific users. Using this information, we created separate fee schedules for activities in urban and rural settings with two estimates of non-salary multipliers to calculate the total cost for HEW services. Results: In the urban areas, the HEW fees for full cost recovery of the provision of services (including salary, supplies, and overhead costs) ranged from 55.1 birr to 209.1 birr per encounter. The rural HEW fees ranged from 19.6 birr to 219.4 birr. Conclusion: Efforts to support health system strengthening in low-income settings have often neglected to generate adequate, actionable data on the costs of primary care services. In this study, we have combined time-motion and available financial data to generate a fee schedule that allows for full cost recovery of the provision of services through billable health education and service encounters provided by Ethiopian HEWs. This may be useful in other country settings where managers seek to make evidence-informed planning and resource allocation decisions to address high burden of disease within the context of weak administrative data systems and severe financial constraints. PMID:29764103

  16. University-level nutrition training in West Africa: cost and financing issues.

    PubMed

    Sodjinou, Roger; Bosu, William; Fanou, Nadia; Zagre, Noel; Tchibindat, Félicité; Baker, Shawn; Delisle, Helene

    2015-01-01

    There is a serious shortage of skilled nutrition professionals in West Africa. Investing in nutrition training is one of the strategies for strengthening the human resource base in nutrition. However, little is known about how nutrition training in the region is financed and the levels of tuition fees charged. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive assessment about the levels of tuition fees charged for nutrition training in the West Africa region and to determine to what extent this is of reach to the average student. The data for this study were obtained from 74 nutrition degree programs operating in nine West African countries in 2013 through semi-structured interviews during on-site visits or through self-administered questionnaires. They included the age of the programs, school ownership, tuition fees, financial assistance, and main sources of funding. Tuition fees (in 2013 US$) were expressed per program to enable uniformity and comparability. Simple descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. Results from 74 nutrition training programs in nine countries showed a wide variation in tuition fees within and between countries. The tuition fees for bachelor's, master's, and doctoral programs, respectively, ranged from 372 to 4,325 (mean: 2,353); 162 to 7,678 (mean: 2,232); and 369 to 5,600 (mean: 2,208). The tuition fees were significantly higher (p<0.05) in private institutions than in public institutions (mean: US$3,079 vs. US$2,029 for bachelor's programs; US$5,118 vs. US$1,820 for master's programs; and US$3,076 vs. US$1,815 for doctoral programs). The difference in the tuition fees between Francophone and Anglophone countries was not statistically significant (mean: US$2,570 vs. US$2,216 for bachelor's programs; US$2,417 vs. US$2,147 for master's programs; US$3,285 vs. US$2,055 for doctoral programs). In most countries, the tuition fees appeared to be out of reach of the average student. Recent master's programs appeared to charge higher fees than older ones. We found a significant negative correlation between tuition fees and the age of the program, after controlling for school ownership (r=-0.33, p<0.001). Our findings underscore the urgent need for national governments in the region to establish benchmarks and regulate nutrition training costs. In a region where the average annual gross national income (GNI) per capita is barely 890$, the rising cost of tuition fees is likely to hinder access of students from poor background to nutrition training. Governments should institute financing mechanisms such as scholarships, public-private partnerships, credit facilities, and donor funding to facilitate access to tertiary-level nutrition training in the region.

  17. 32 CFR 204.6 - Collections.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Collections. 204.6 Section 204.6 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS USER FEES § 204.6 Collections. (a) Collections of fees will be made in advance or simultaneously with...

  18. 44 CFR 5.43 - Waiver or reduction of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Waiver or reduction of fees. 5.43 Section 5.43 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY... requester's and/or intended user's identity and qualifications, expertise in the subject area and ability...

  19. 78 FR 40527 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-07-05

    ... users using the Co-Lo Console \\4\\ on or after July 1, 2013 through August 31, 2013. The reduced fee... reduction in co-location cabinet fees). \\4\\ The ``Co-Lo Console'' is NASDAQ's web-based ordering tool, and...

  20. Disease management for chronically ill beneficiaries in traditional Medicare.

    PubMed

    Bott, David M; Kapp, Mary C; Johnson, Lorraine B; Magno, Linda M

    2009-01-01

    We summarize the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS's) experience with disease management (DM) in fee-for-service Medicare. Since 1999, the CMS has conducted seven DM demonstrations involving some 300,000 beneficiaries in thirty-five programs. Programs include provider-based, third-party, and hybrid models. Reducing costs sufficient to cover program fees has proved particularly challenging. Final evaluations on twenty programs found three with evidence of quality improvement at or near budget-neutrality, net of fees. Interim monitoring covering at least twenty-one months on the remaining fifteen programs suggests that four are close to covering their fees. Characteristics of the traditional Medicare program present a challenge to these DM models.

  1. 76 FR 60854 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB; Housing Choice Voucher Program...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-09-30

    ... Proposed Information Collection to OMB; Housing Choice Voucher Program Administrative Fee Study Pretest... the pretest will be used to refine the methodology used for the full study of administrative fees with...: Title of Proposal: Housing Choice Voucher Program Administrative Fee Study Pretest. OMB Approval Number...

  2. 7 CFR 205.640 - Fees and other charges for accreditation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) ORGANIC FOODS PRODUCTION ACT PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Administrative Fees § 205.640 Fees and... Marketing Service, through its Quality Systems Certification Program, to certification bodies requesting...

  3. Parental Participation Fees in School Expenses in Israel

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Shaked, Haim

    2016-01-01

    Purpose: Many countries throughout the world provide all children with free education. However, sometimes there are user charges in publically funded schools worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to explore parental participation fees in school expenses in Israel, depicting the current situation and analyzing its implications.…

  4. 75 FR 78284 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-12-15

    ... Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change Relating to CBOE's Marketing Fee Program December 8, 2010. Pursuant to... its Marketing Fee Program. The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web... Rule Change 1. Purpose CBOE proposes to amend its Marketing Fee Program in two respects. First, CBOE...

  5. 20 CFR 402.175 - Fees for providing information and related services for non-program purposes.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-04-01

    ... related services for non-program purposes. (a) General. Section 1106(c) of the Social Security Act permits... (including costs of duplication) of providing information and related services under section 1106(c) of the... described in paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Fee schedule. Our fee schedule for non-program related...

  6. 32 CFR 1285.6 - Fees and fee waivers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees and fee waivers. 1285.6 Section 1285.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 1285.6 Fees and fee waivers. The rules and...

  7. 32 CFR 1285.6 - Fees and fee waivers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fees and fee waivers. 1285.6 Section 1285.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 1285.6 Fees and fee waivers. The rules and...

  8. 32 CFR 1285.6 - Fees and fee waivers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Fees and fee waivers. 1285.6 Section 1285.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 1285.6 Fees and fee waivers. The rules and...

  9. 32 CFR 1285.6 - Fees and fee waivers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 6 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fees and fee waivers. 1285.6 Section 1285.6 National Defense Other Regulations Relating to National Defense DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM § 1285.6 Fees and fee waivers. The rules and...

  10. Transversal analysis of public policies on user fees exemptions in six West African countries

    PubMed Central

    2012-01-01

    Background While more and more West African countries are implementing public user fees exemption policies, there is still little knowledge available on this topic. The long time required for scientific production, combined with the needs of decision-makers, led to the creation in 2010 of a project to support implementers in aggregating knowledge on their experiences. This article presents a transversal analysis of user fees exemption policies implemented in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Togo and Senegal. Methods This was a multiple case study with several embedded levels of analysis. The cases were public user fees exemption policies selected by the participants because of their instructive value. The data used in the countries were taken from documentary analysis, interviews and questionnaires. The transversal analysis was based on a framework for studying five implementation components and five actors’ attitudes usually encountered in these policies. Results The analysis of the implementation components revealed: a majority of State financing; maintenance of centrally organized financing; a multiplicity of reimbursement methods; reimbursement delays and/or stock shortages; almost no implementation guides; a lack of support measures; communication plans that were rarely carried out, funded or renewed; health workers who were given general information but not details; poorly informed populations; almost no evaluation systems; ineffective and poorly funded coordination systems; low levels of community involvement; and incomplete referral-evacuation systems. With regard to actors’ attitudes, the analysis revealed: objectives that were appreciated by everyone; dissatisfaction with the implementation; specific tensions between healthcare providers and patients; overall satisfaction among patients, but still some problems; the perception that while the financial barrier has been removed, other barriers persist; occasionally a reorganization of practices, service rationing due to lack of reimbursement, and some overcharging or shifting of resources. Conclusions This transversal analysis confirms the need to assign a great deal of importance to the implementation of user fees exemption policies once these decisions have been taken. It also highlights some practices that suggest avenues of future research. PMID:23167598

  11. Inequities in accessibility to and utilisation of maternal health services in Ghana after user-fee exemption: a descriptive study.

    PubMed

    Ganle, John K; Parker, Michael; Fitzpatrick, Raymond; Otupiri, Easmon

    2014-11-01

    Inequities in accessibility to, and utilisation of maternal healthcare services impede progress towards attainment of the maternal health-related Millennium Development Goals. The objective of this study is to examine the extent to which maternal health services are utilised in Ghana, and whether inequities in accessibility to and utilization of services have been eliminated following the implementation of a user-fee exemption policy, that aims to reduce financial barriers to access, reduce inequities in access, and improve access to and use of birthing services. We analyzed data from the 2007 Ghana Maternal Health Survey for inequities in access to and utilization of maternal health services. In measuring the inequities, frequency tables and cross-tabulations were used to compare rates of service utilization by region, residence and selected socio-demographic variables. Findings show marginal increases in accessibility to and utilisation of skilled antenatal, delivery and postnatal care services following the policy implementation (2003-2007). However, large gradients of inequities exist between geographic regions, urban and rural areas, and different socio-demographic, religious and ethnic groupings. More urban women (40%) than rural, 53% more women in the highest wealth quintile than women in the lowest, 38% more women in the best performing region (Central Region) than the worst (Upper East Region), and 48% more women with at least secondary education than those with no formal education, accessed and used all components of skilled maternal health services in the five years preceding the survey. Our findings raise questions about the potential equity and distributional benefits of Ghana's user-fee exemption policy, and the role of non-financial barriers or considerations. Exempting user-fees for maternal health services is a promising policy option for improving access to maternal health care, but might be insufficient on its own to secure equitable access to maternal health services in Ghana. Ensuring equity in access will require moving beyond user-fee exemption to addressing wider issues of supply and demand factors and the social determinants of health, including redistributing healthcare resources and services, and redressing the positional vulnerability of women in their communities.

  12. The sudden removal of user fees: the perspective of a frontline manager in Burundi.

    PubMed

    Nimpagaritse, Manassé; Bertone, Maria Paola

    2011-11-01

    In May 2006, the President of Burundi announced the removal of user fees in all health centres and hospitals for children under 5 and women giving birth. As other studies also point out, the policy was adopted extremely suddenly, without much reflection on its ultimate aims and on the operational dimension of its implementation. From the perspective of a frontline manager, this paper provides a descriptive case study of the abolition of user fees in the Muramvya District and a first-hand account of the effects of the sudden reform in the management of a district and a district hospital. The analysis highlights the challenges that the district and hospital teams faced. The main issues were: the reduction of financial flows, which prevented the possibility of investments and caused frequent drugs stock-outs; the reduced quality of the services and the disruption of the referral system; the motivation of the health staff who saw the administrative workload increase (not necessarily because of increased utilization) and faced 'ethical dilemmas' caused by the imprecise targeting of the reform. Undoubtedly, the removal of user fees for certain groups was an equitable and necessary measure in an extremely poor country such as Burundi. However, the suddenness of the decision and the lack of preparation had critical and long-lasting consequences for the entire health system. This analysis, performed from the frontline perspective, clarifies the importance of a rigorous planning of any reform, as well as of involving peripheral actors and understanding the complex challenges that they face.

  13. Removing financial barriers to access reproductive, maternal and newborn health services: the challenges and policy implications for human resources for health

    PubMed Central

    2013-01-01

    Background The last decade has seen widespread retreat from user fees with the intention to reduce financial constraints to users in accessing health care and in particular improving access to reproductive, maternal and newborn health services. This has had important benefits in reducing financial barriers to access in a number of settings. If the policies work as intended, service utilization rates increase. However this increases workloads for health staff and at the same time, the loss of user fee revenues can imply that health workers lose bonuses or allowances, or that it becomes more difficult to ensure uninterrupted supplies of health care inputs. This research aimed to assess how policies reducing demand-side barriers to access to health care have affected service delivery with a particular focus on human resources for health. Methods We undertook case studies in five countries (Ghana, Nepal, Sierra Leone, Zambia and Zimbabwe). In each we reviewed financing and HRH policies, considered the impact financing policy change had made on health service utilization rates, analysed the distribution of health staff and their actual and potential workloads, and compared remuneration terms in the public sectors. Results We question a number of common assumptions about the financing and human resource inter-relationships. The impact of fee removal on utilization levels is mostly not sustained or supported by all the evidence. Shortages of human resources for health at the national level are not universal; maldistribution within countries is the greater problem. Low salaries are not universal; most of the countries pay health workers well by national benchmarks. Conclusions The interconnectedness between user fee policy and HRH situations proves difficult to assess. Many policies have been changing over the relevant period, some clearly and others possibly in response to problems identified associated with financing policy change. Other relevant variables have also changed. However, as is now well-recognised in the user fee literature, co-ordination of health financing and human resource policies is essential. This appears less well recognised in the human resources literature. This coordination involves considering user charges, resource availability at health facility level, health worker pay, terms and conditions, and recruitment in tandem. All these policies need to be effectively monitored in their processes as well as outcomes, but sufficient data are not collected for this purpose. PMID:24053731

  14. Removing financial barriers to access reproductive, maternal and newborn health services: the challenges and policy implications for human resources for health.

    PubMed

    McPake, Barbara; Witter, Sophie; Ensor, Tim; Fustukian, Suzanne; Newlands, David; Martineau, Tim; Chirwa, Yotamu

    2013-09-22

    The last decade has seen widespread retreat from user fees with the intention to reduce financial constraints to users in accessing health care and in particular improving access to reproductive, maternal and newborn health services. This has had important benefits in reducing financial barriers to access in a number of settings. If the policies work as intended, service utilization rates increase. However this increases workloads for health staff and at the same time, the loss of user fee revenues can imply that health workers lose bonuses or allowances, or that it becomes more difficult to ensure uninterrupted supplies of health care inputs.This research aimed to assess how policies reducing demand-side barriers to access to health care have affected service delivery with a particular focus on human resources for health. We undertook case studies in five countries (Ghana, Nepal, Sierra Leone, Zambia and Zimbabwe). In each we reviewed financing and HRH policies, considered the impact financing policy change had made on health service utilization rates, analysed the distribution of health staff and their actual and potential workloads, and compared remuneration terms in the public sectors. We question a number of common assumptions about the financing and human resource inter-relationships. The impact of fee removal on utilization levels is mostly not sustained or supported by all the evidence. Shortages of human resources for health at the national level are not universal; maldistribution within countries is the greater problem. Low salaries are not universal; most of the countries pay health workers well by national benchmarks. The interconnectedness between user fee policy and HRH situations proves difficult to assess. Many policies have been changing over the relevant period, some clearly and others possibly in response to problems identified associated with financing policy change. Other relevant variables have also changed.However, as is now well-recognised in the user fee literature, co-ordination of health financing and human resource policies is essential. This appears less well recognised in the human resources literature. This coordination involves considering user charges, resource availability at health facility level, health worker pay, terms and conditions, and recruitment in tandem. All these policies need to be effectively monitored in their processes as well as outcomes, but sufficient data are not collected for this purpose.

  15. 25 CFR 170.916 - May tribes impose taxes or fees on those performing IRR Program services?

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-04-01

    ... Indian Preference § 170.916 May tribes impose taxes or fees on those performing IRR Program services? Yes... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false May tribes impose taxes or fees on those performing IRR Program services? 170.916 Section 170.916 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR...

  16. Perceptions of and preferences for fee program dollar utilization among wilderness visitors

    Treesearch

    Ingrid Schneider; Christopher LaPointe; Sharon Stievater

    2000-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to ascertain visitor perceptions of a fee program and preferences for management utilization of the fee dollars. Differences in program perceptions were examined both by activity and activity style. Wilderness visitors in the American Southwest were surveyed on-site during the 1997–1998 season. Overall, respondents moderately agreed that...

  17. National Environmental Data Referral Service (NEDRES) User Survey. Final Report.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    MAXIMA Corp., Silver Spring, MD.

    A survey was conducted to assess environmental data users' interest in a referral system such as the National Environmental Data Referral Service (NEDRES) and to gauge user willingness to participate in a proposed NEDRES network and to comply with a system of NEDRES user fees. Twenty-one organizations were identified and 3,200 individuals were…

  18. Funding conservation through use and potentials for price discrimination among scuba divers at Sipadan, Malaysia.

    PubMed

    Emang, Diana; Lundhede, Thomas Hedemark; Thorsen, Bo Jellesmark

    2016-11-01

    The protected coral reefs off the coast of Malaysia receive numerous tourists, while also being as fishing grounds. These joint environmental pressures raise the need for additional costly conservation measures. It is natural to consider the potential for expanding the 'user pays' principle, already implemented in the form of various user fees. This study explores the potential for price discrimination among scuba divers at Sipadan in Malaysia. The study applies a choice experiment to estimate scuba divers willingness to pay higher user fees for avoiding decreases of or getting improvements in environmental and recreational aspects of the diving experience. We investigate how sensitivity to fee size and hence willingness to pay vary with suitable selected characteristics of divers. We find potentials for a third degree price discrimination strategy exploiting higher willingness to pay among foreign divers (45%), male divers (16%) and people who has visited Sipadan several times (25%). Thus, revised pricing structures could significantly increase funds for the preservation of Sipadan. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. 7 CFR 505.6 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY FEES FOR LOANS AND COPYING § 505.6 Payment of fees. NAL charges for interlibrary loans through OCLC's IFM Program (an electronic debit/credit payment program for libraries using...

  20. 7 CFR 505.6 - Payment of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY FEES FOR LOANS AND COPYING § 505.6 Payment of fees. NAL charges for interlibrary loans through OCLC's IFM Program (an electronic debit/credit payment program for libraries using...

  1. 40 CFR 304.41 - Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ...) SUPERFUND, EMERGENCY PLANNING, AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW PROGRAMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES FOR SMALL SUPERFUND COST RECOVERY CLAIMS Other Provisions § 304.41 Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee...

  2. 40 CFR 304.41 - Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ...) SUPERFUND, EMERGENCY PLANNING, AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW PROGRAMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES FOR SMALL SUPERFUND COST RECOVERY CLAIMS Other Provisions § 304.41 Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee...

  3. 40 CFR 304.41 - Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ...) SUPERFUND, EMERGENCY PLANNING, AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW PROGRAMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES FOR SMALL SUPERFUND COST RECOVERY CLAIMS Other Provisions § 304.41 Administrative fees, expenses, and Arbitrator's fee...

  4. 8 CFR 1244.20 - Waiver of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... TPS registration fee (including the fee for employment authorization, if applicable) shall be considered an essential expenditure. A fee waiver will be granted if the sum of the fees for TPS registration... inability to pay, he or she shall not deny a fee waiver due to the cost of administering the TPS program. (e...

  5. 8 CFR 1244.20 - Waiver of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... TPS registration fee (including the fee for employment authorization, if applicable) shall be considered an essential expenditure. A fee waiver will be granted if the sum of the fees for TPS registration... inability to pay, he or she shall not deny a fee waiver due to the cost of administering the TPS program. (e...

  6. 8 CFR 1244.20 - Waiver of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... TPS registration fee (including the fee for employment authorization, if applicable) shall be considered an essential expenditure. A fee waiver will be granted if the sum of the fees for TPS registration... inability to pay, he or she shall not deny a fee waiver due to the cost of administering the TPS program. (e...

  7. 8 CFR 1244.20 - Waiver of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... TPS registration fee (including the fee for employment authorization, if applicable) shall be considered an essential expenditure. A fee waiver will be granted if the sum of the fees for TPS registration... inability to pay, he or she shall not deny a fee waiver due to the cost of administering the TPS program. (e...

  8. 8 CFR 1244.20 - Waiver of fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... TPS registration fee (including the fee for employment authorization, if applicable) shall be considered an essential expenditure. A fee waiver will be granted if the sum of the fees for TPS registration... inability to pay, he or she shall not deny a fee waiver due to the cost of administering the TPS program. (e...

  9. 76 FR 6475 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-02-04

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2010-N-0603... Request; Animal Drug User Fees and Fee Waivers and Reductions AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing that a proposed collection...

  10. Pay for Play: Fees for Cocurricular Activities.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Pepe, Thomas J.; Tufts, Alice L.

    1984-01-01

    As school budgets face serious problems, one area under examination is the cocurricular activities section of the school budget. Many districts are charging user fees to students participating in school sports, band, drama, and even elective courses. Since no direct reference is made to education in the United States Constitution, education is a…

  11. 75 FR 17281 - Changes in Hourly Fee Rates for Science and Technology Laboratory Services-Fiscal Years 2010-2012

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-04-06

    ..., residue chemistry, proximate analysis for composition, and biomolecular (DNA-based) testing. A user fee... provide greater clarity of reported test analyses and laboratory determinations. DATES: Effective April 7... analyses and laboratory determinations provided by AMS laboratory services apply only to the submitted...

  12. Fee Based Document Delivery by a National Library: Publishing in the New Millennium.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Smith, Malcolm D.

    1996-01-01

    An overview of the development of document supply relationships between libraries and publishers, based on the British Library's Document Supply Centre, reveals four areas leading to fee based (copyright) document delivery: libraries as markets for publishers; making users aware of what is published; making publications more accessible; and the…

  13. 8 CFR 286.3 - Exceptions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 8 Aliens and Nationality 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Exceptions. 286.3 Section 286.3 Aliens and Nationality DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS IMMIGRATION USER FEE § 286.3 Exceptions. The fees set forth in §§ 286.2(a) and 286.2(b) shall not be charged or collected from passengers who...

  14. The effect of user fees on the utilization of family planning services. A clinical study.

    PubMed

    Bailey, W; Wynter, H H; Lee, A; Oliver, P; Jackson, J

    1994-06-01

    A new fee structure was introduced to the Advanced Training and Research in Fertility Management Unit in 1992. The study looked at the effect of the new fees on attendance and the choice of contraceptive methods through an examination of clinical records and a questionnaire survey. There was a decline in attendance of roughly 28 per cent between 1992 and 1993. The decline affected mainly new clients and those who accepted injectables. A reduction in the price of injectables is suggested since the fee for this short-term method is more in line with those charged for long-term and permanent methods.

  15. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; HHS notice of benefit and payment parameters for 2015. Final rule.

    PubMed

    2014-03-11

    This final rule sets forth payment parameters and oversight provisions related to the risk adjustment, reinsurance, and risk corridors programs; cost sharing parameters and cost-sharing reductions; and user fees for Federally-facilitated Exchanges. It also provides additional standards with respect to composite premiums, privacy and security of personally identifiable information, the annual open enrollment period for 2015, the actuarial value calculator, the annual limitation in cost sharing for stand-alone dental plans, the meaningful difference standard for qualified health plans offered through a Federally-facilitated Exchange, patient safety standards for issuers of qualified health plans, and the Small Business Health Options Program.

  16. Highligts of the contract year, 1 February 1974 to 31 January 1975

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    1975-01-01

    Two major marketing programs were initiated during 1974: (1) the unlimited search plan, and (2) the sales representative plan for northern California. The unlimited search plan was a six month program designed to offer clients multiple searches for a fixed fee. Although initial response was quite favorable, interest waned, and the plan was not renewed. Expansion and improvement of the on-line retrieval service continued. The ERIC thesaurus was added to the system. This thesaurus is an important acquisition as it gives the user greater flexibility in determining the best strategy for his search. Total terminal output time was reduced with a change to the direct access work file.

  17. 32 CFR 321.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Fees. 321.11 Section 321.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE PRIVACY PROGRAM § 321.11 Fees. Individuals may request copies for retention of any...

  18. 32 CFR 321.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Fees. 321.11 Section 321.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE PRIVACY PROGRAM § 321.11 Fees. Individuals may request copies for retention of any...

  19. 32 CFR 321.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Fees. 321.11 Section 321.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE PRIVACY PROGRAM § 321.11 Fees. Individuals may request copies for retention of any...

  20. 32 CFR 321.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Fees. 321.11 Section 321.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE PRIVACY PROGRAM § 321.11 Fees. Individuals may request copies for retention of any...

  1. 32 CFR 321.11 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Fees. 321.11 Section 321.11 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) PRIVACY PROGRAM DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE PRIVACY PROGRAM § 321.11 Fees. Individuals may request copies for retention of any...

  2. Curing over-use by prescribing fees: an evaluation of the effect of user fees' implementation on healthcare use in the Czech Republic.

    PubMed

    Kalousova, Lucie

    2015-05-01

    In 2008, the Czech Republic instituted a new policy that requires most patients to pay a small fee for some inpatient and outpatient healthcare services. Using the Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe, this article examines the changes in healthcare utilization of Czechs 50 years and older following the new fee requirement by constructing difference-in-differences regression models focusing on four outcome measures: any visits to primary care physician, any hospitalization, number of visits to the primary care physician and number of nights hospitalized. For this population, I find that the likelihood of having any primary care visit decreased after the policy was instituted. The likelihood of reporting any hospitalization was not significantly changed. The predicted number of primary care visits per person declined, but the predicted number of nights spent in a hospital did not. I find only mixed evidence of greater effect of the user fees on some subpopulations compared with others. Those 65 or older reduced their use more than those between 50 and 64, and so did those who consider their health to be good, and the less educated. Published by Oxford University Press in association with The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine © The Author 2014; all rights reserved.

  3. 28 CFR 549.73 - Appealing the fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... Fees for Health Care Services § 549.73 Appealing the fee. You may seek review of issues related to health service fees through the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program (see 28 CFR part 542). ...

  4. 28 CFR 549.73 - Appealing the fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... Fees for Health Care Services § 549.73 Appealing the fee. You may seek review of issues related to health service fees through the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program (see 28 CFR part 542). ...

  5. Abolishing user fees for children and pregnant women trebled uptake of malaria-related interventions in Kangaba, Mali.

    PubMed

    Ponsar, Frédérique; Van Herp, Michel; Zachariah, Rony; Gerard, Séco; Philips, Mit; Jouquet, Guillaume

    2011-11-01

    Malaria is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 in Mali. Health centres provide primary care, including malaria treatment, under a system of cost recovery. In 2005, Médecins sans Frontieres (MSF) started supporting health centres in Kangaba with the provision of rapid malaria diagnostic tests and artemisinin-based combination therapy. Initially MSF subsidized malaria tests and drugs to reduce the overall cost for patients. In a second phase, MSF abolished fees for all children under 5 irrespective of their illness and for pregnant women with fever. This second phase was associated with a trebling of both primary health care utilization and malaria treatment coverage for these groups. MSF's experience in Mali suggests that removing user fees for vulnerable groups significantly improves utilization and coverage of essential health services, including for malaria interventions. This effect is far more marked than simply subsidizing or providing malaria drugs and diagnostic tests free of charge. Following the free care strategy, utilization of services increased significantly and under-5 mortality was reduced. Fee removal also allowed for more efficient use of existing resources, reducing average cost per patient treated. These results are particularly relevant for the context of Mali and other countries with ambitious malaria treatment coverage objectives, in accordance with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. This article questions the effectiveness of the current national policy, and the effectiveness of reducing the cost of drugs only (i.e. partial subsidies) or providing malaria tests and drugs free for under-5s, without abolishing other related fees. National and international budgets, in particular those that target health systems strengthening, could be used to complement existing subsidies and be directed towards effective abolition of user fees. This would contribute to increasing the impact of interventions on population health and, in turn, the effectiveness of aid.

  6. 13 CFR 120.971 - Allowable fees paid by Borrower.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Fees § 120.971 Allowable fees paid by Borrower. (a) CDC fees. The fees a CDC may charge the Borrower in connection with a 504 loan and Debenture are limited to the following: (1) Processing fee. The CDC may charge up to 1.5 percent of the net Debenture proceeds to process...

  7. 13 CFR 120.971 - Allowable fees paid by Borrower.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Fees § 120.971 Allowable fees paid by Borrower. (a) CDC fees. The fees a CDC may charge the Borrower in connection with a 504 loan and Debenture are limited to the following: (1) Processing fee. The CDC may charge up to 1.5 percent of the net Debenture proceeds to process...

  8. 13 CFR 120.971 - Allowable fees paid by Borrower.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Fees § 120.971 Allowable fees paid by Borrower. (a) CDC fees. The fees a CDC may charge the Borrower in connection with a 504 loan and Debenture are limited to the following: (1) Processing fee. The CDC may charge up to 1.5 percent of the net Debenture proceeds to process...

  9. 13 CFR 120.971 - Allowable fees paid by Borrower.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Fees § 120.971 Allowable fees paid by Borrower. (a) CDC fees. The fees a CDC may charge the Borrower in connection with a 504 loan and Debenture are limited to the following: (1) Processing fee. The CDC may charge up to 1.5 percent of the net Debenture proceeds to process...

  10. 13 CFR 120.971 - Allowable fees paid by Borrower.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Fees § 120.971 Allowable fees paid by Borrower. (a) CDC fees. The fees a CDC may charge the Borrower in connection with a 504 loan and Debenture are limited to the following: (1) Processing fee. The CDC may charge up to 1.5 percent of the net Debenture proceeds to process...

  11. 7 CFR 93.14 - Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other mycotoxins.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS PROCESSED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Peanuts, Tree Nuts, Corn and Other Oilseeds § 93.14 Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other...

  12. 7 CFR 93.14 - Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other mycotoxins.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS PROCESSED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Peanuts, Tree Nuts, Corn and Other Oilseeds § 93.14 Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other...

  13. 7 CFR 93.14 - Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other mycotoxins.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of... AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) COMMODITY LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS PROCESSED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES Peanuts, Tree Nuts, Corn and Other Oilseeds § 93.14 Fees for aflatoxin analysis and fees for testing of other...

  14. 42 CFR 441.615 - Administration fee requirements.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-10-01

    ... SERVICES Vaccines for Children Program § 441.615 Administration fee requirements. (a) Under the VFC Program, a provider who administers a qualified pediatric vaccine to a federally vaccine-eligible child, may not impose a charge for the cost of the vaccine. (1) A provider can impose a fee for the...

  15. 75 FR 60674 - Exchange Visitor Program-Fees and Charges

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-10-01

    .... In 2006, the Department examined its current Exchange Visitor Program fee structure for compliance.... Deloitte and Touche was awarded a contract. The new proposed fee structure was conducted under the... Standards No. 4 (SFFAS 4). In accordance with SFFAS 4, the Department used an ``activity-based costing...

  16. 7 CFR 1493.460 - Guarantee rates and fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE EXPORT PROGRAMS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC Supplier Credit Guarantee... not be approved until the guarantee fee has been received by CCC. The exporter's check for the guarantee fee shall be made payable to CCC and mailed or delivered by courier to the office specified in the...

  17. 7 CFR 1493.460 - Guarantee rates and fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE EXPORT PROGRAMS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC Supplier Credit Guarantee... not be approved until the guarantee fee has been received by CCC. The exporter's check for the guarantee fee shall be made payable to CCC and mailed or delivered by courier to the office specified in the...

  18. 7 CFR 1493.460 - Guarantee rates and fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE EXPORT PROGRAMS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC Supplier Credit Guarantee... not be approved until the guarantee fee has been received by CCC. The exporter's check for the guarantee fee shall be made payable to CCC and mailed or delivered by courier to the office specified in the...

  19. Public Parks in Hong Kong: Characteristics of Physical Activity Areas and Their Users

    PubMed Central

    Chow, Bik C.; McKenzie, Thomas L.; Sit, Cindy H. P.

    2016-01-01

    Public parks, salient locations for engaging populations in health promoting physical activity, are especially important in high-density cities. We used the System for Observing Physical Activity in Communities (SOPARC) to conduct the first-ever surveillance study of nine public parks in Hong Kong (288 observation sessions during 36 weekdays and 36 weekend days) and observed 28,585 visitors in 262 diverse areas/facilities. Parks were widely used throughout the day on weekdays and weekend days and across summer and autumn; visitor rates were among the highest seen in 24 SOPARC studies. In contrast to other studies where teens and children dominated park use, most visitors (71%) were adults and seniors. More males (61%) than females used the parks, and they dominated areas designed for sports. Over 60% of visitors were observed engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, a rate higher than other SOPARC studies. Facilities with user fees were less accessible than non-fee areas, but they provided relatively more supervised and organized activities. Assessing parks by age, gender, and physical activity can provide useful information relative to population health. This study not only provides information useful to local administrators for planning and programming park facilities relative to physical activity, but it also provides a baseline for comparison by other high-density cities. PMID:27367709

  20. 7 CFR 205.642 - Fees and other charges for certification.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees and other charges for certification. 205.642...) ORGANIC FOODS PRODUCTION ACT PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Administrative Fees § 205.642 Fees and other charges for certification. Fees charged by a certifying agent must be reasonable, and a certifying...

  1. The Public Debate about the Recreation Fee Demonstration Program on the U.S. Nation Forests1

    Treesearch

    David N. Bengston; David P. Fan

    2000-01-01

    The Recreation Fee Demonstration Program (RFDP) is a pilot program authorized by Congress in 1996. The RFDP allows the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, and the United States Department of the Interior Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, and Fish and Wildlife Service to experiment with new or increased fees at up to 100 recreation sites per agency....

  2. 76 FR 40965 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated: Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-07-12

    ... way of background, the PULSe workstation is a front-end order entry system designed for use with... extend a fee waiver related to the PULSe workstation and to adopt a limited fee waiver for new users of the PULSe workstation. In addition, the Exchange is proposing to make a non-substantive numbering...

  3. 78 FR 53055 - Regulations Governing Fees for Services Performed in Connection With Licensing and Related...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-08-28

    ... the unchanged salary costs from the 2012 User Fee Update decision; no change in the publication cost levels of that decision; plus increase changes to two of the three Board overhead cost factors (the other overhead factor remains unchanged from its 2012 level), resulting from the mechanical application of the...

  4. 77 FR 44158 - Fees for Services Performed in Connection With Licensing and Related Services-2012 Update

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-07-27

    ... AGENCY: Surface Transportation Board, DOT. ACTION: Final rules. SUMMARY: The Board adopts its 2012 user... result of no wage & salary increases given in January 2012, no change to publication costs from their... 1002.3(d). The fee changes adopted here, reflect a combination of the unchanged wage and salary costs...

  5. 76 FR 46628 - Regulations Governing Fees for Services Performed in Connection With Licensing and Related...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-03

    ... Services--2011 Update AGENCY: Surface Transportation Board. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Board adopts... decreased costs, resulting from a freeze on wage and salary increases in 2011, coupled with changes to the... adopted here reflect a combination of the unchanged wage and salary costs from the 2010 User Fee Update...

  6. 77 FR 45624 - Animal Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-01

    ... cumulative amount by which fees collected fell below amounts appropriated for FY 2009 through FY 2012. Table... collections have fallen substantially below the amounts appropriated each year and in aggregate. The only... currently estimates to have available at the end of FY 2013. It begins with the balance available at the end...

  7. 77 FR 75014 - Schedule of Fees for Access to NOAA Environmental Data, Information, and Related Products and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-12-19

    ... Related Products and Services AGENCY: National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service..., information, and related products and services to users. NESDIS is revising the fee schedule that has been in... environmental data, information, and related products and services. NESDIS is authorized under 15 U.S.C. 1534 to...

  8. 77 FR 71423 - Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-30

    ...] Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee Amount... rule with comment period entitled: ``Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs... entitled ``Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application...

  9. 47 CFR 76.1902 - Definitions.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... messages other than: (1) Advertising relating to such service itself or the programming contained therein, (2) Interstitial programming relating to such service itself or the programming contained therein, or... fee (other than government-mandated fees) for the reception or viewing of the programming contained...

  10. --No Title--

    Science.gov Websites

    ("DOE"). The user is granted the right, without any fee or cost, to use, copy, modify, alter all copies of the data. Further, the user of this data agrees to credit NREL in any publications or following obligations on the User. The names DOE/NREL may not be used in any advertising or publicity to

  11. Decentralization in Zambia: resource allocation and district performance.

    PubMed

    Bossert, Thomas; Chitah, Mukosha Bona; Bowser, Diana

    2003-12-01

    Zambia implemented an ambitious process of health sector decentralization in the mid 1990s. This article presents an assessment of the degree of decentralization, called 'decision space', that was allowed to districts in Zambia, and an analysis of data on districts available at the national level to assess allocation choices made by local authorities and some indicators of the performance of the health systems under decentralization. The Zambian officials in health districts had a moderate range of choice over expenditures, user fees, contracting, targeting and governance. Their choices were quite limited over salaries and allowances and they did not have control over additional major sources of revenue, like local taxes. The study found that the formula for allocation of government funding which was based on population size and hospital beds resulted in relatively equal per capita expenditures among districts. Decentralization allowed the districts to make decisions on internal allocation of resources and on user fee levels and expenditures. General guidelines for the allocation of resources established a maximum and minimum percentage to be allocated to district offices, hospitals, health centres and communities. Districts tended to exceed the maximum for district offices, but the large urban districts and those without public district hospitals were not even reaching the minimum for hospital allocations. Wealthier and urban districts were more successful in raising revenue through user fees, although the proportion of total expenditures that came from user fees was low. An analysis of available indicators of performance, such as the utilization of health services, immunization coverage and family planning activities, found little variation during the period 1995-98 except for a decline in immunization coverage, which may have also been affected by changes in donor funding. These findings suggest that decentralization may not have had either a positive or negative impact on services.

  12. The value of research in recreation fee project implementation

    Treesearch

    James D. Absher; Daniel W. McCollum; J. Michael Bowker

    1999-01-01

    In a survey of Forest Service managers responsible for implementation of recreation fee programs, research skills were perceived to provide little benefit to business or communications planning. A majority of managers reported, however, that they used research data they collected or contracted for when developing and implementing their fee programs. They rated the...

  13. Hydrologic, Social, and Economic Efficacy of Green Infrastructure Credit Programs: Toward Citizen Stormwater Management

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Green, O. O.; Kertesz, R.; Rossman, L.; Shuster, W.

    2013-12-01

    Fostering 'citizen stormwater management', whereby citizens make stormwater management a part of their everyday lives, aims to improve the resilience of the urban water social-ecological system by reducing the load on the stormwater collection system through investment in natural and social capitals. A popular method of incentivizing citizen stormwater management is offering stormwater fee discounts as credits for the installation of green infrastructure onsite. Such installations, in effect, reduce the amount of impervious area by disconnecting them from the sewer system. We analyze 4 such programs (Portland OR, Cleveland OH, Fort Myers FL, and Lynchburg VA) which offer discounts to single family residences for installing rain gardens or bioinfiltration features. Findings indicate large variability in the hydrological, social, and economic efficacy of these programs. We assessed hydrologic efficacy using the Environmental Protection Agency's recently released Stormwater Calculator, a user-friendly model based on SWMM. Hydrologic efficacy was most sensitive to level of detail in administrative rules (i.e., specifics pertaining to soil drainage, slope), regional conditions (e.g., precipitation) and local conditions (e.g., soil, percent of impervious area treated). Social efficacy was measured by the accessibility of the programs to average citizens and varied from highly accessible programs, whereby municipalities had sufficient outreach efforts such that average residents could install their own green infrastructure, to programs with no outreach and contradictory rules which would require a professional engineer to navigate the process and install an eligible rain garden. Economic efficiency was largely dependent on the base stormwater fee (i.e., higher baseline bill results in higher discount and thus higher incentive to participate). From the perspective of a homeowner, they may receive a windfall (i.e., % runoff reduced < % discount), yet due to the low baseline fee, the installations will likely never pay for themselves, leading to an economically inefficient result. From the perspective of the municipality, the windfall to the ratepayer may seem inefficient, but compared to alternative methods of runoff reduction, that windfall may be the most cost efficient alternative. This is especially true considering the social benefits of offering credits to residential ratepayers and the goodwill such a program fosters toward often contentious stormwater fees (e.g., 'rain tax' controversies and related litigation). Such investments in goodwill, even if not hydrologically or economically efficient, may promote the citizen stormwater management model, and thereby promote resilience in the urban water social-ecological system.

  14. 5 CFR 1655.21 - Loan fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan fee. 1655.21 Section 1655.21 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL RETIREMENT THRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD LOAN PROGRAM § 1655.21 Loan fee. The TSP will charge a participant a $50.00 loan fee when it disburses the loan and will deduct the fee from the...

  15. Financing newborn screening: sources, issues, and future considerations.

    PubMed

    Therrell, Bradford L; Williams, Donna; Johnson, Kay; Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A; Mann, Marie Y; Ramos, Lauren Raskin

    2007-01-01

    Newborn screening (NBS) programs are population-based public health programs and are uniquely financed footline compared with many other public health programs. Since they began more than 45 years ago, the financing issues have become more complex for NBS programs. Today, almost all programs have a portion of their costs paid by fees. The fee amounts vary from program to program, with little standardization in the way they are formulated, collected, or used. We previously surveyed 37 of the 51 dried blood spot screening programs throughout the United States, and confirmed an increasing dependence on NBS fees. In this study, we have collected responses from all 51 programs (100%), including updated responses from the original 37, and updated our fee listings. Comments from those surveyed indicated that the lack of a national standardized procedural coding system for NBS contributes to billing complexities. We suggest one coding possibility for discussion and debate for such a system. Differences in Medicaid interpretations may also contribute to financing inequities across NBS programs and there may be benefit from certain clarifications at the national level. Completed survey responses accounted for few changes in the conclusions of our original survey. We confirmed that 90 percent of all NBS programs have a fee paid by parents or a third party payer. Sixty-one percent reported receiving some funds from the Maternal and Child Health Services Title V block grant, 33 percent reported some funding from state general revenue/general public health appropriations; and 24 percent reported obtaining direct reimbursement from Medicaid (without passing through a third party). A majority of programs (63%) reported budget increases between 2002 and 2005, with increases primarily from fees (72%) and to a lesser extent from Medicaid, the Title V block grant, and state general revenues.

  16. Further Evidence on the Effect of Acquisition Policy and Process on Cost Growth of Major Defense Acquisition Programs

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-06-01

    Total Package Procurement (TPP) when it was judged to be practicable and, when not, Fixed Price Incentive Fee (FPIF) or Cost Plus Incentive Fee (CPIF...development contracts in favor of CPIF. ( Cost Plus Award Fee may not have been included in the contracting play book yet.) As a general matter, Packard’s...Group CAPE Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation CD Compact Disc CE Current Estimate CLC Calibrated Learning Curve CPIF Cost Plus Incentive Fee

  17. Completeness assessment of type II active pharmaceutical ingredient drug master files under generic drug user fee amendment: review metrics and common incomplete items.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Huyi; Li, Haitao; Song, Wei; Shen, Diandian; Skanchy, David; Shen, Kun; Lionberger, Robert A; Rosencrance, Susan M; Yu, Lawrence X

    2014-09-01

    Under the Generic Drug User Fee Amendments (GDUFA) of 2012, Type II active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) drug master files (DMFs) must pay a user fee and pass a Completeness Assessment (CA) before they can be referenced in an Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA), ANDA amendment, or ANDA prior approval supplement (PAS). During the first year of GDUFA implementation, from October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2013, approximately 1,500 Type II API DMFs received at least one cycle of CA review and more than 1,100 Type II DMFs were deemed complete and published on FDA's "Available for Reference List". The data from CA reviews were analyzed for factors that influenced the CA review process and metrics, as well as the areas of DMF submissions which most frequently led to an incomplete CA status. The metrics analysis revealed that electronic DMFs appear to improve the completeness of submission and shorten both the review and response times. Utilizing the CA checklist to compile and proactively update the DMFs improves the chance for the DMFs to pass the CA in the first cycle. However, given that the majority of DMFs require at least two cycles of CA before being deemed complete, it is recommended that DMF fees are paid 6 months in advance of the ANDA submissions in order to avoid negatively impacting the filling status of the ANDAs.

  18. 75 FR 12588 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; Chicago Board Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-03-16

    ... Interest Strategies Fee Cap Pilot Program March 9, 2010. Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) \\1\\ of the Securities... short stock interest strategies fee cap program. The text of the proposed rule change is available on..., merger and short stock interest strategies, as described in Footnote 13 of the CBOE Fees Schedule...

  19. Colombia's discharge fee program: incentives for polluters or regulators?

    PubMed

    Blackman, Allen

    2009-01-01

    Colombia's discharge fee system for water effluents is often held up as a model of a well-functioning, economic incentive pollution control program in a developing country. Yet few objective evaluations of the program have appeared. Based on a variety of primary and secondary data, this paper finds that in its first 5 years, the program was beset by a number of serious problems including limited implementation in many regions, widespread noncompliance by municipal sewerage authorities, and a confused relationship between discharge fees and emissions standards. Nevertheless, in some watersheds, pollution loads dropped significantly after the program was introduced. While proponents claim the incentives that discharge fees created for polluters to cut emissions in a cost-effective manner were responsible, this paper argues that the incentives they created for regulatory authorities to improve permitting, monitoring, and enforcement were at least as important.

  20. The impact of dispensing fees on compliance with opioid substitution therapy: a mixed methods study

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    Background Opioid substitution therapy (OST) programs involve the dispensing of OST medicines to patients to address their dependence on heroin and/or other opioid substances. OST medicines are subsidised by the Australian government but patients need to pay the dispensing fees. This study explored opinions from OST patients and stakeholders about the potential impact of dispensing fees on compliance and OST program retention. Current and past experiences and the potential impact of OST dispensing fees were evaluated. Methods Mixed methodology was used to obtain data from OST patients and stakeholders. This involved 1) interviews with OST stakeholders, 2) a focus group of OST patients and 3) surveys of OST patients in Perth, Australia, between June and August 2013. Results The majority of the eight stakeholders declared cost as the factor mostly impacting on OST compliance. Almost all of the stakeholders commented that there was a positive correlation between time on the OST program and success in terms of relapse. Most stakeholders advocated for OST fees to contribute towards the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Safety Net, and for fee subsidy. Focus group themes supported stakeholder interview findings. A total of 138 surveys were completed. Survey analysis illustrated a strong correlation between patient debt and impacted lifestyle: 82.4% (p < 0.001, Chi-square test) of the 138 survey participants stated that dispensing fees impacted significantly on patients’ finances and lifestyle, specifically those patients with major debt. The cost of dispensing fees was identified by 46.3% (64/138) of survey participants as the biggest impacting factor on patient success. Logistic regression models showed that the cost of dispensing fees was also found to significantly influence both the occurrence of debt (57.7%, p < 0.0001) and lifestyle difficulties (80.0%, p = 0.0004). Conclusion Findings provided insight into OST patients’ financial difficulties with data suggesting that dispensing fees are likely to have a negative impact on OST patients’ compliance with therapy, retention in the OST program and lifestyle. Government sponsorship of the OST dispensing fees should be considered as sponsorship would potentially increase the retention rates of income-poor OST program recipients. PMID:25108396

  1. The impact of dispensing fees on compliance with opioid substitution therapy: a mixed methods study.

    PubMed

    Shepherd, Alexandra; Perrella, Bianca; Hattingh, Hendrika Laetitia

    2014-08-10

    Opioid substitution therapy (OST) programs involve the dispensing of OST medicines to patients to address their dependence on heroin and/or other opioid substances. OST medicines are subsidised by the Australian government but patients need to pay the dispensing fees. This study explored opinions from OST patients and stakeholders about the potential impact of dispensing fees on compliance and OST program retention. Current and past experiences and the potential impact of OST dispensing fees were evaluated. Mixed methodology was used to obtain data from OST patients and stakeholders. This involved 1) interviews with OST stakeholders, 2) a focus group of OST patients and 3) surveys of OST patients in Perth, Australia, between June and August 2013. The majority of the eight stakeholders declared cost as the factor mostly impacting on OST compliance. Almost all of the stakeholders commented that there was a positive correlation between time on the OST program and success in terms of relapse. Most stakeholders advocated for OST fees to contribute towards the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Safety Net, and for fee subsidy. Focus group themes supported stakeholder interview findings. A total of 138 surveys were completed. Survey analysis illustrated a strong correlation between patient debt and impacted lifestyle: 82.4% (p < 0.001, Chi-square test) of the 138 survey participants stated that dispensing fees impacted significantly on patients' finances and lifestyle, specifically those patients with major debt. The cost of dispensing fees was identified by 46.3% (64/138) of survey participants as the biggest impacting factor on patient success. Logistic regression models showed that the cost of dispensing fees was also found to significantly influence both the occurrence of debt (57.7%, p < 0.0001) and lifestyle difficulties (80.0%, p = 0.0004). Findings provided insight into OST patients' financial difficulties with data suggesting that dispensing fees are likely to have a negative impact on OST patients' compliance with therapy, retention in the OST program and lifestyle. Government sponsorship of the OST dispensing fees should be considered as sponsorship would potentially increase the retention rates of income-poor OST program recipients.

  2. 7 CFR 91.38 - Additional fees for appeal of analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Additional fees for appeal of analysis. 91.38 Section... LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.38 Additional fees for appeal of analysis. (a) The applicant for appeal sample testing will be charged a fee at the hourly rate...

  3. 7 CFR 91.38 - Additional fees for appeal of analysis.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-01-01

    ... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Additional fees for appeal of analysis. 91.38 Section... LABORATORY TESTING PROGRAMS SERVICES AND GENERAL INFORMATION Fees and Charges § 91.38 Additional fees for appeal of analysis. (a) The applicant for appeal sample testing will be charged a fee at the hourly rate...

  4. 77 FR 67410 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; The National Securities Clearing Corporation; Notice of Filing and...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-11-09

    ... transmission, and the settlement of such payments, with regard to investor accounts held on an omnibus account... payment of 12b-1 fees \\6\\ with regard to investor accounts held in Omnibus, and (v) establish the fees that NSCC will charge users of the Service with regard to investor accounts held in Omnibus. \\6\\ This...

  5. 36 CFR 222.51 - National Forests in 16 Western States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... fee for 1988 and subsequent grazing fee years represents the economic value of the use of the land to the user and is the product of multiplying the base fair market value of $1.23 by the result of the annual Forage Value Index, added to the sum of the Beef Cattle Price Index minus the Prices Paid Index...

  6. 36 CFR 222.51 - National Forests in 16 Western States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... fee for 1988 and subsequent grazing fee years represents the economic value of the use of the land to the user and is the product of multiplying the base fair market value of $1.23 by the result of the annual Forage Value Index, added to the sum of the Beef Cattle Price Index minus the Prices Paid Index...

  7. 36 CFR 222.51 - National Forests in 16 Western States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... fee for 1988 and subsequent grazing fee years represents the economic value of the use of the land to the user and is the product of multiplying the base fair market value of $1.23 by the result of the annual Forage Value Index, added to the sum of the Beef Cattle Price Index minus the Prices Paid Index...

  8. 36 CFR 222.51 - National Forests in 16 Western States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... fee for 1988 and subsequent grazing fee years represents the economic value of the use of the land to the user and is the product of multiplying the base fair market value of $1.23 by the result of the annual Forage Value Index, added to the sum of the Beef Cattle Price Index minus the Prices Paid Index...

  9. 36 CFR 222.51 - National Forests in 16 Western States.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... fee for 1988 and subsequent grazing fee years represents the economic value of the use of the land to the user and is the product of multiplying the base fair market value of $1.23 by the result of the annual Forage Value Index, added to the sum of the Beef Cattle Price Index minus the Prices Paid Index...

  10. Fee-for-Service Health Care Expenditures: Evidence of Selection Effects among Subscribers Who Choose HMOs. Health Insurance Experiment Series.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Buchanan, Joan; Cretin, Shan

    Although competition among health plans has been encouraged as a means to control health care expenditures, some fee-for-service (FFS) insurers attribute part of their increased average expenditures to favorable selection of low users into newly offered health maintenance organization (HMO) plans. To test this hypothesis, the health care…

  11. 77 FR 45639 - Prescription Drug User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2013

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-08-01

    ... compensation and benefits (PC&B) paid per full-time equivalent position (FTE) at FDA for the first 3 of the 4... preceding FY 2013. The 3 year average is 2.17 percent. Table 1--FDA Personnel Compensation and Benefits (PC... 108.25 122.3 The FY 2013 application fee is estimated by dividing the average number of full...

  12. 77 FR 65198 - Generic Drug User Fee-Abbreviated New Drug Application, Prior Approval Supplement, and Drug...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-10-25

    ... FY 2013 is 1,160. The FY 2013 application fee is estimated by dividing the number of full application... in FY 2013. Dividing the DMF revenue of $14,940,000 by the estimated number of first-referenced DMFs..., Attention: Government Lockbox 979108, 1005 Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101. (Note: This U.S. Bank...

  13. 76 FR 53503 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-08-26

    ... Establish and Adopt Fees for the New BX Pre-Trade Risk Management Service August 19, 2011. Pursuant to... Change The Exchange proposes to establish and adopt fees for the new BX Pre-Trade Risk Management service.... * * * * * 7016. [Reserved] BX Pre-Trade Risk Management (a) Users of BX Pre-trade Risk Management (``PRM'') will...

  14. Using willingness to pay to investigate regressiveness of user fees in health facilities in Tanzania.

    PubMed

    Bonu, Sekhar; Rani, Manju; Bishai, David

    2003-12-01

    The study uses data from the Tanzania Human Resources Development Survey (1994) on willingness to pay (WTP) for desired quality of health care at lower-level health facilities to assess potential regressiveness of user fees - a disproportionately higher negative effect of user fees on utilization of health services among the poor compared with the rich. Despite reports of extensive bypassing of the lower-level health facilities in Tanzania, the WTP for quality health care at these health facilities is surprisingly large. WTP was lower among the poor, female and elderly respondents. Almost one-quarter of the poorest 40% of the population was not willing to pay even when the quality of services met their expectations. The results suggest that: the utilization of health services at lower-level health facilities can be increased by improving the quality of care; and the implementation of uniform user charges in the public facilities may be regressive, adversely affecting utilization among the poor, women and the elderly. An effective system of exemptions and waivers will be required for the very poor who may not be able to pay even when quality of services is improved. The findings of the study have policy implications for the Tanzanian government's recent attempts to expand cost-sharing through community health funds at lower-level health facilities, being introduced since 1998.

  15. Curing over-use by prescribing fees: an evaluation of the effect of user fees’ implementation on healthcare use in the Czech Republic

    PubMed Central

    Kalousova, Lucie

    2015-01-01

    In 2008, the Czech Republic instituted a new policy that requires most patients to pay a small fee for some inpatient and outpatient healthcare services. Using the Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe, this article examines the changes in healthcare utilization of Czechs 50 years and older following the new fee requirement by constructing difference-in-differences regression models focusing on four outcome measures: any visits to primary care physician, any hospitalization, number of visits to the primary care physician and number of nights hospitalized. For this population, I find that the likelihood of having any primary care visit decreased after the policy was instituted. The likelihood of reporting any hospitalization was not significantly changed. The predicted number of primary care visits per person declined, but the predicted number of nights spent in a hospital did not. I find only mixed evidence of greater effect of the user fees on some subpopulations compared with others. Those 65 or older reduced their use more than those between 50 and 64, and so did those who consider their health to be good, and the less educated. PMID:24790063

  16. nevada_50mwind

    Science.gov Websites

    of Energy ("DOE"). The user is granted the right, without any fee or cost, to use, copy notice appears in all copies of the data. Further, the user of this data agrees to credit NREL in any impose the following obligations on the User. The names DOE/NREL may not be used in any advertising or

  17. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Krause, R.A.; Patel, D.I.; Gathy, B.D.

    This report on how public transit is financed today was written from the point of view of the states' current fiscal condition. While the economic forecast varies from state to state, not one projects a future of growing surpluses. The report documents and analyzes mass-transit funding sources, both past and present, and looks at their future potential. The 12-state overview may help others uncover methods and programs workable in their situations. The survey findings regarding the question - How do states finance their mass-transit programs - show that states use revenues from various sources such as license fees, bond issues,more » highway user taxes, tolls and so on. States are exploring new funding mechanisms such as special assessment districts, public/private ventures, lottery funds, and so on.« less

  18. Do the Medicaid and Medicare programs compete for access to health care services? A longitudinal analysis of physician fees, 1998-2004.

    PubMed

    Howard, Larry L

    2014-09-01

    As the demand for publicly funded health care continues to rise in the U.S., there is increasing pressure on state governments to ensure patient access through adjustments in provider compensation policies. This paper longitudinally examines the fees that states paid physicians for services covered by the Medicaid program over the period 1998-2004. Controlling for an extensive set of economic and health care industry characteristics, the elasticity of states' Medicaid fees, with respect to Medicare fees, is estimated to be in the range of 0.2-0.7 depending on the type of physician service examined. The findings indicate a significant degree of price competition between the Medicaid and Medicare programs for physician services that is more pronounced for cardiology and critical care, but not hospital care. The results also suggest several policy levers that work to either increase patient access or reduce total program costs through changes in fees.

  19. 28 CFR 549.73 - Appealing the fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT MEDICAL SERVICES Fees for Health Care Services § 549.73 Appealing the fee. You may seek review of issues related to health service fees through the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program (see 28 CFR part 542). ...

  20. 28 CFR 549.73 - Appealing the fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT MEDICAL SERVICES Fees for Health Care Services § 549.73 Appealing the fee. You may seek review of issues related to health service fees through the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program (see 28 CFR part 542). ...

  1. 28 CFR 549.73 - Appealing the fee.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT MEDICAL SERVICES Fees for Health Care Services § 549.73 Appealing the fee. You may seek review of issues related to health service fees through the Bureau's Administrative Remedy Program (see 28 CFR part 542). ...

  2. The effects of fee bundling on dental utilization.

    PubMed Central

    Porter, J; Coyte, P C; Barnsley, J; Croxford, R

    1999-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: To examine dental utilization following an adjustment to the provincial fee schedule in which preventive maintenance (recall) services were bundled at lower fees. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: Blue Cross dental insurance claims for claimants associated with four major Ontario employers using a common insurance plan over the period 1987-1990. STUDY DESIGN: This before-and-after design analyzes the dental claims experience over a four-year period for 4,455 individuals 18 years of age and older one year prior to the bundling of services, one year concurrent with the change, and two years after the introduction of bundling. The dependent variable is the annual adjusted payment per user. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: The analysis was based on all claims submitted by adult users for services received at recall visits and who reported at least one visit of this type between 1987 and 1990. In these data, 26,177 services were provided by 1,214 dentists and represent 41 percent of all adult service claims submitted over the four years of observation. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Real per capita payment for adult recall services decreased by 0.3 percent in the year bundling was implemented (1988), but by the end of the study period such payments had increased 4.8 percent relative to pre-bundling levels. Multiple regression analysis assessed the role of patient and provider variables in the upward trend of per capita payments. The following variables were significant in explaining 37 percent of the variation in utilization over the period of observation: subscriber employment location; ever having received periodontal scaling or ever having received restorative services; regular user; dentist's school of graduation; and interactions involving year, service type, and regular user status. CONCLUSIONS: The volume and intensity of services received by adult patients increased when fee constraints were imposed on dentists. Future efforts to contain dental expenditures through fee schedule design will need to take this into consideration. Issues for future dental services research include provider billing practices, utilization among frequent attenders, and outcomes evaluation particularly with regard to periodontal care and replacement of restorations. PMID:10536976

  3. 48 CFR 919.7006 - Incentives for DOE contractor participation.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... ENERGY SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS SMALL BUSINESS PROGRAMS The Department of Energy Mentor-Protege Program 919... Mentor firms may earn award fees associated with their performance as a Mentor. The award fee plan may... Mentor's performance in the DOE Mentor-Protege Program under any Mentor-Protege Agreement(s) as a...

  4. 77 FR 59027 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2012-09-25

    ... investment advisory programs. These programs, which include ``wrap fee'' and ``mutual fund wrap'' programs... most mutual funds. Under wrap fee and similar programs, a client's account is typically managed on a... also must retain certain indicia of ownership of all securities and funds in the account. The...

  5. 32 CFR 299.6 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-07-01

    ... PROGRAM NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY/CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE (NSA/CSS) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM... requested. There are no fees associated with a Privacy Act request, except as stated in NSA/CSS Regulation...

  6. 32 CFR 299.6 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

    2013-07-01

    ... PROGRAM NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY/CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE (NSA/CSS) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM... requested. There are no fees associated with a Privacy Act request, except as stated in NSA/CSS Regulation...

  7. 32 CFR 299.6 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

    2012-07-01

    ... PROGRAM NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY/CENTRAL SECURITY SERVICE (NSA/CSS) FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT PROGRAM... requested. There are no fees associated with a Privacy Act request, except as stated in NSA/CSS Regulation...

  8. 28 CFR 505.6 - Procedures for payment.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-07-01

    ... ADMINISTRATION COST OF INCARCERATION FEE § 505.6 Procedures for payment. Fees imposed pursuant to this part are... financial responsibility program (see 28 CFR part 545, subpart B), fees are to be included under the... included in that same category. Fees may be subject to interest charges. ...

  9. 32 CFR 204.4 - Responsibilities.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

    2014-07-01

    ... 32 National Defense 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Responsibilities. 204.4 Section 204.4 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS USER FEES § 204.4 Responsibilities. (a) The USD(C) shall develop and monitor policies governing user...

  10. Video Recordings in Public Libraries.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Doyle, Stephen

    1984-01-01

    Reports on development and operation of public library collection of video recordings, describes results of user survey conducted over 6-month period, and offers brief guidelines. Potential users, censorship and copyright, organization of collection, fees, damage and loss, funding, purchasing and promotion, formats, processing and cataloging,…

  11. Database in Artificial Intelligence.

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wilkinson, Julia

    1986-01-01

    Describes a specialist bibliographic database of literature in the field of artificial intelligence created by the Turing Institute (Glasgow, Scotland) using the BRS/Search information retrieval software. The subscription method for end-users--i.e., annual fee entitles user to unlimited access to database, document provision, and printed awareness…

  12. 78 FR 72089 - Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2013-12-02

    ... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services [CMS-6051-N] Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Provider Enrollment Application Fee Amount... period entitled ``Medicare, Medicaid, and Children's Health Insurance Programs; Additional Screening...

  13. User Fees in General Practice: Willingness to Pay and Potential Substitution Patterns-Results from a Danish GP Patient Survey.

    PubMed

    Kronborg, Christian; Pedersen, Line Bjørnskov; Fournaise, Anders; Kronborg, Christel Nøhr

    2017-10-01

    Increases in public expenditures to general practitioner (GP) services and specialist care have spurred debate over whether to implement user fees for healthcare services such as GP consultations in Denmark. The objective of this study was to examine Danish patients' attitudes towards user fees and their willingness to pay (WTP) for a consultation, and to investigate how user charges may impact patients' behaviour. A questionnaire survey was conducted in a GP clinic. A total of 343 individual persons answered the questionnaire. One hundred and seventy (50%) persons were not willing to pay for a consultation. Among patients reporting positive WTP values, the mean WTP was 137 (standard deviation 140) Danish kroner (DKK). Patients who were 65 years old or older were more likely to be willing to pay for a GP consultation than patients under the age of 65 years. Furthermore, patients with a personal annual income of more than 200,000 DKK were more likely to be willing to pay for a consultation than other income groups. With respect to patients with a positive WTP value, their own assessment of the seriousness of the consultation and their self-assessed health influenced the amount they would be willing to pay. Finally, we observed a stated willingness to substitute GP consultations with alternatives that are free of charge. About half of the patients with an appointment for a GP consultation are willing to pay for the consultation. User charges may potentially influence the patients' behaviour. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01784731.

  14. Southwest University's No-Fee Teacher-Training Model

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Chen, Shijian; Yang, Shuhan; Li, Linyuan

    2013-01-01

    The training model for Southwest University's no-fee teacher education program has taken shape over several years. Based on a review of the documentation and interviews with administrators and no-fee preservice students from different specialties, this article analyzes Southwest University's no-fee teacher-training model in terms of three main…

  15. 49 CFR 22.45 - Allowable fees to borrowers.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-10-01

    ... 49 Transportation 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable fees to borrowers. 22.45 Section 22.45 Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation SHORT-TERM LENDING PROGRAM (STLP) Loan Application Process § 22.45 Allowable fees to borrowers. (a) Application Fees. The Participating Lender may charge the...

  16. 14 CFR 1264.124 - Fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees. 1264.124 Section 1264.124 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL PENALTIES ACT OF 1986 § 1264.124 Fees. The party requesting a supoena shall pay the cost of the fees and...

  17. 7 CFR 1493.460 - Guarantee rates and fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

    2010-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC... the guarantee fee. Applications will not be approved until the guarantee fee has been received by CCC. The exporter's check for the guarantee fee shall be made payable to CCC and mailed or delivered by...

  18. 7 CFR 1493.460 - Guarantee rates and fees.

    Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

    2011-01-01

    ... OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS CCC EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAMS CCC... the guarantee fee. Applications will not be approved until the guarantee fee has been received by CCC. The exporter's check for the guarantee fee shall be made payable to CCC and mailed or delivered by...

  19. 76 FR 66723 - Food Safety Modernization Act Domestic and Foreign Facility Reinspections, Recall, and Importer...

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2011-10-27

    ...The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is extending the comment period to November 30, 2011, for the notice entitled, ``Food Safety Modernization Act Domestic and Foreign Facility Reinspections, Recall, and Importer Reinspection User Fee Rates for Fiscal Year 2012'' that appeared in the Federal Register of August 1, 2011 (76 FR 45820). In that document, FDA announced the establishment of a docket to obtain comments that would be considered in establishing the fee rates for fiscal year (FY) 2013. In particular, the Agency provided the current FY 2012 fees and requested public comments to the document and intends to consider such comments, as well as experience and additional data gained in implementing these fees in FY 2012, in establishing the fee rates for FY 2013. The Agency is taking this action in response to requests for an extension to allow interested persons additional time to submit comments.

  20. 75 FR 45636 - Animal Generic Drug User Fee Rates and Payment Procedures for Fiscal Year 2011

    Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

    2010-08-03

    ... . (The Pay.gov payment option is available to you after you submit a cover sheet. Click the ``Pay Now... that the number of applications that will pay fees in FY 2011 will equal 30 percent less than the... average receipts of 14.4 per year over the latest 5 years, including our FY 2010 estimate. Applying a 30...

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