Raman scattering studies on PEG functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles.

PubMed

Yamini, D; Devanand Venkatasubbu, G; Kumar, J; Ramakrishnan, V

2014-01-03

The pure hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method. Raman spectral measurements have been made for pure HAP, pure Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and PEG coated HAP in different mass ratios (sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3). The peaks observed in Raman spectrum of pure HAP and the XRD pattern have confirmed the formation of HAP NPs. Vibrational modes have been assigned for pure HAP and pure PEG 6000. The observed variation in peak position of Raman active vibrational modes of PEG in PEG coated HAP has been elucidated in this work, in terms of intermolecular interactions between PEG and HAP. Further these results suggest that the functionalization of nanoparticles may be independent of PEG mass. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

20 CFR 405.405 - Decision Review Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Decision Review Board. 405.405 Section 405.405 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING... judge's decision has been effectuated to study our disability determination process. If the Board...

42 CFR 405.2100-405.2101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2100-405.2101 Section 405.2100-405.2101 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of...

42 CFR 405.2131-405.2184 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2131-405.2184 Section 405.2131-405.2184 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of...

42 CFR 405.2100-405.2101 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2100-405.2101 Section 405.2100-405.2101 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of...

42 CFR 405.2131-405.2184 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2131-405.2184 Section 405.2131-405.2184 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of...

RBS 1032: A TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT IN ANOTHER DWARF GALAXY?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Maksym, W. Peter; Lin, Dacheng; Irwin, Jimmy A., E-mail: wpmaksym@ua.edu

2014-09-10

RBS 1032 is a supersoft (Γ ∼ 5), luminous (∼10{sup 43} erg s{sup –1}) ROSAT PSPC source which has been associated with an inactive dwarf galaxy at z = 0.026, SDSS J114726.69+494257.8. We have analyzed an XMM-Newton observation that confirms that RBS 1032 is indeed associated with the dwarf galaxy. Moreover, RBS 1032 has undergone a factor of ∼100-300 decay since 1990 November. This variability suggests that RBS 1032 may not be a steadily accreting intermediate-mass black hole, but rather an accretion flare from the tidal disruption of a star by the central black hole (which may or may notmore » be intermediate-mass). We suggest that additional tidal disruption events may remain unidentified in archival ROSAT data, such that disruption rate estimates based upon ROSAT All-Sky Survey data may need reconsideration.« less

Characteristics and cytotoxicity of folate-modified curcumin-loaded PLA-PEG micellar nano systems with various PLA:PEG ratios.

PubMed

Phan, Quoc Thong; Le, Mai Huong; Le, Thi Thu Huong; Tran, Thi Hong Ha; Xuan, Phuc Nguyen; Ha, Phuong Thu

2016-06-30

Targeting delivery system use natural drugs for tumor cells is an appealing platform help to reduce the side effects and enhance the therapeutic effects of the drug. In this study, we synthesized curcumin (Cur) loaded (D, L Poly lactic - Poly ethylenglycol) micelle (Cur/PLA-PEG) with the ratio of PLA/PEG of 3:1 2:1 1:1 1:2 and 1:3 (w/w) and another micelle modified by folate (Cur/PLA-PEG-Fol) for targeting cancer therapy. The PLA-PEG copolymer was synthesized by ring opening polymerization method. After loading onto the micelle, solubility of Cur increased from 0.38 to 0.73mgml(-1). The average size of prepared Cur/PLA-PEG micelles was from 60 to 69nm (corresponding to the ratio difference of PLA/PEG) and the drug encapsulating efficiency was from 48.8 to 91.3%. Compared with the Cur/PLA-PEG micelles, the size of Cur/PLA-PEG-Fol micelles were from 80 to 86nm and showed better in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity towards HepG2 cells. The cytotoxicity of the NPs however depends much on the PEG component. The results demonstrated that Folate-modified micelles could serve as a potential nano carrier to improve solubility, anti-cancer activity of Cur and targeting ability of the system. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DISCOVERY OF HIGH-ENERGY AND VERY HIGH ENERGY {gamma}-RAY EMISSION FROM THE BLAZAR RBS 0413

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliu, E.; Archambault, S.; Arlen, T.

2012-05-10

We report on the discovery of high-energy (HE; E > 0.1 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) {gamma}-ray emission from the high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object RBS 0413. VERITAS, a ground-based {gamma}-ray observatory, detected VHE {gamma} rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations ({sigma}) and a {gamma}-ray flux of (1.5 {+-} 0.6{sub stat} {+-} 0.7{sub syst}) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -8} photons m{sup -2} s{sup -1} ({approx}1% of the Crab Nebula flux) above 250 GeV. The observed spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index of 3.18 {+-} 0.68{sub stat}more » {+-} 0.30{sub syst}. Contemporaneous observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected HE {gamma} rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of more than 9{sigma}, a power-law photon index of 1.57 {+-} 0.12{sub stat}+{sup 0.11}{sub -0.12sys}, and a {gamma}-ray flux between 300 MeV and 300 GeV of (1.64 {+-} 0.43{sub stat}{sup +0.31}{sub -0.22sys}) Multiplication-Sign 10{sup -5} photons m{sup -2} s{sup -1}. We present the results from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS, including a spectral energy distribution modeling of the {gamma}-ray, quasi-simultaneous X-ray (Swift-XRT), ultraviolet (Swift-UVOT), and R-band optical (MDM) data. We find that, if conditions close to equipartition are required, both the combined synchrotron self-Compton/external-Compton and the lepto-hadronic models are preferred over a pure synchrotron self-Compton model.« less

Discovery of high-energy and very high energy γ-ray emission from the blazar RBS 0413

DOE PAGES

Aliu, E.; Archambault, S.; Arlen, T.; ...

2012-04-18

Here, we report on the discovery of high-energy (HE; E > 0.1 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) γ-ray emission from the high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object RBS 0413. VERITAS, a ground-based γ-ray observatory, detected VHE γ rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations (σ) and a γ-ray flux of (1.5 ± 0.6 stat ± 0.7 syst) × 10–8 photons m –2 s –1 (~1% of the Crab Nebula flux) above 250 GeV. The observed spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index of 3.18 ± 0.68 statmore » ± 0.30 syst. Contemporaneous observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected HE γ rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of more than 9σ, a power-law photon index of 1.57 ± 0.12 stat +0.11 – 0.12 sys, and a γ-ray flux between 300 MeV and 300 GeV of (1.64 ± 0.43 stat +0.31 – 0.22 sys) × 10 –5 photons m –2 s –1. We also present the results from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS, including a spectral energy distribution modeling of the γ-ray, quasi-simultaneous X-ray (Swift-XRT), ultraviolet (Swift-UVOT), and R-band optical (MDM) data. We finally find that, if conditions close to equipartition are required, both the combined synchrotron self-Compton/external-Compton and the lepto-hadronic models are preferred over a pure synchrotron self-Compton model.« less

RBS Depth Profiling Analysis of (Ti, Al)N/MoN and CrN/MoN Multilayers.

PubMed

Han, Bin; Wang, Zesong; Devi, Neena; Kondamareddy, K K; Wang, Zhenguo; Li, Na; Zuo, Wenbin; Fu, Dejun; Liu, Chuansheng

2017-12-01

(Ti, Al)N/MoN and CrN/MoN multilayered films were synthesized on Si (100) surface by multi-cathodic arc ion plating system with various bilayer periods. The elemental composition and depth profiling of the films were investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) using 2.42 and 1.52 MeV Li 2+ ion beams and different incident angles (0°, 15°, 37°, and 53°). The microstructures of (Ti, Al)N/MoN multilayered films were evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The multilayer periods and thickness of the multilayered films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and then compared with RBS results.

PEG and mPEG-anthracene induce DNA condensation and particle formation.

PubMed

Froehlich, E; Mandeville, J S; Arnold, D; Kreplak, L; Tajmir-Riahi, H A

2011-08-18

In this study, we investigated the binding of DNA with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of different sizes and compositions such as PEG 3350, PEG 6000, and mPEG-anthracene in aqueous solution at physiological conditions. The effects of size and composition on DNA aggregation and condensation as well as conformation were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-visible, CD, fluorescence spectroscopic methods and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Structural analysis showed moderate complex formation for PEG 3350 and PEG 6000 and weaker interaction for mPE-anthracene-DNA adducts with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic contacts. The order of ± stability of the complexes formed is K(PEG 6000) = 1.5 (±0.4) × 10(4) M(-1) > K(PEG 3350) = 7.9 (±1) × 10(3) M(-1) > K(m(PEG-anthracene))= 3.6 (±0.8) × 10(3) M(-1) with nearly 1 bound PEG molecule per DNA. No B-DNA conformational changes were observed, while DNA condensation and particle formation occurred at high PEG concentration.

Synthesis of PEG-rich PLGA-PEG-PLGA for the PLGA-PEG-PLGA/laponite hydrogels with thermoresponsive sol-gel transitions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanimoto, Keishi; Maeda, Tomoki; Hotta, Atsushi

Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) possesses moderate biocompatibility originating from the relatively shorter PEG block in its polymeric molecule. For the maximum utilization of the highly biocompatible PEG block, the PEG block should be relatively longer, and thus the PEG/PLGA ratio, the molecular weight ratio of PEG and PLGA, should be higher. In addition, for the wider use of PLGA-PEG-PLGA in the biological fields, the aqueous PLGA-PEG-PLGA solution should transfer from sol to gel states in response to the increase in temperature. It was reported, however, through the previous researches, that the PLGA-PEG-PLGA solution with a high PEG/PLGA ratio (above 0.5) would not exhibit thermoresponsive sol-gel transitions. In this work, PLGA-PEG-PLGAs with higher PEG/PLGA ratios were synthesized and the laponite, an inorganic nanoparticle, was added to the solutions to realize the thermoresponsive sol-gel transition. It was found that the PLGA-PEG-PLGA with the high PEG/PLGA ratio of 3.0 could exhibit the thermoresponsive sol-gel transition by adding laponite at 1.25 weight percent. The physical characteristics of the gel were also studied by the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 15H02298 to A.H.) and a Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up (No.15H06586 to T.M.) from JSPS: KAKENHI\\x9D.

Usewear studies of flint tools with microPIXE and microRBS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Christensen, Marianne; Grime, Geoff; Menu, Michel; Walter, Philippe

1993-05-01

The use of ancient stone tools leaves a polish (usewear) on the cutting edge which can be studied to determine the material the tool had worked during its use. The film is formed by high pressure intrusion of the worked material into the microcavities of the chipped flint surface and so the film can also be analysed directly to determine the nature of the worked material. This paper describes the analysis of experimental flint tools which had worked bone and ivory using microbeam PIXE and RBS. It is found that PIXE used simultaneously with RBS allows the thickness and composition of the film to be determined and ivory distinguished from bone while RBS mapping allows the three-dimensional structure of the film to be determined.

Differential sensitivity of the Response Bias Scale (RBS) and MMPI-2 validity scales to memory complaints.

PubMed

Gervais, Roger O; Ben-Porath, Yossef S; Wygant, Dustin B; Green, Paul

2008-12-01

The MMPI-2 Response Bias Scale (RBS) is designed to detect response bias in forensic neuropsychological and disability assessment settings. Validation studies have demonstrated that the scale is sensitive to cognitive response bias as determined by failure on the Word Memory Test (WMT) and other symptom validity tests. Exaggerated memory complaints are a common feature of cognitive response bias. The present study was undertaken to determine the extent to which the RBS is sensitive to memory complaints and how it compares in this regard to other MMPI-2 validity scales and indices. This archival study used MMPI-2 and Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI) data from 1550 consecutive non-head-injury disability-related referrals to the first author's private practice. ANOVA results indicated significant increases in memory complaints across increasing RBS score ranges with large effect sizes. Regression analyses indicated that the RBS was a better predictor of the mean memory complaints score than the F, F(B), and F(P) validity scales and the FBS. There was no correlation between the RBS and the CVLT, an objective measure of verbal memory. These findings suggest that elevated scores on the RBS are associated with over-reporting of memory problems, which provides further external validation of the RBS as a sensitive measure of cognitive response bias. Interpretive guidelines for the RBS are provided.

Investigation of Li/Nb-sublattices in ion implanted LiNbO3 by RBS and NRA in channelling configuration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmidt, E.; Ritter, K.; Gärtner, K.; Wendler, E.

2017-10-01

Differently oriented LiNbO3 crystals were implanted at room temperature with 1 MeV iodine ions to fluences between 2 × 1013 and 1 × 1014 cm-2, which cover the transition from a low damage level up to complete amorphisation. The aim of this work was to explore the use of nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) in combination with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) in channelling configuration for studying the damage evolution as a function of the ion fluence in both the Li and Nb sublattice. Protons with energies between 1.4 and 1.6 MeV and a standard RBS setup were used. Scattering events detected at low energies result from Rutherford backscattering of protons on Nb and O atoms. At high energies alpha particles are registered, which result from the nuclear reaction between protons and Li atoms. Along different low-index crystallographic directions channelling effects within both the RBS and NRA part of the spectra are observed. However, the strength of channeling within the NRA part depends on the crystallographic direction investigated. These effects are explained by the nature of ion-channelling with respect to the small atomic number of Li and is supported by calculations of minimum yields (ratio of scattering yield in aligned and random direction) applying the computer code DICADA. The consequence is that damage studies with NRA can be only performed in Z-direction of LiNbO3. In this case, the Li and Nb sublattice were found to be similarly damaged after 1 MeV iodine implantation.

Development of a new-type riboswitch using an aptazyme and an anti-RBS sequence.

PubMed

Ogawa, Atsushi; Maeda, Mizuo

2007-01-01

We constructed a new-type riboswitch, which functions in E. coli, using an aptazyme and an anti-RBS sequence. This riboswitch usually suppresses the gene expression with its anti-RBS sequence bound to the RBS of its own mRNA(OFF), while it activates the translation only when a cofactor of the aptazyme is added to release the anti-RBS sequence from itself as a result of cofactor-induced self-cleavage by the aptazyme (ON). Although this aptazyme-based riboswitch did not function at 37 degrees C in vivo in spite of its high activity at this temperature in vitro, it worked well at lower temperature (23 degrees C). We also improved the efficiency of this riboswitch by constructing a cascading system.

Systematic design methodology for robust genetic transistors based on I/O specifications via promoter-RBS libraries.

PubMed

Lee, Yi-Ying; Hsu, Chih-Yuan; Lin, Ling-Jiun; Chang, Chih-Chun; Cheng, Hsiao-Chun; Yeh, Tsung-Hsien; Hu, Rei-Hsing; Lin, Che; Xie, Zhen; Chen, Bor-Sen

2013-10-27

Synthetic genetic transistors are vital for signal amplification and switching in genetic circuits. However, it is still problematic to efficiently select the adequate promoters, Ribosome Binding Sides (RBSs) and inducer concentrations to construct a genetic transistor with the desired linear amplification or switching in the Input/Output (I/O) characteristics for practical applications. Three kinds of promoter-RBS libraries, i.e., a constitutive promoter-RBS library, a repressor-regulated promoter-RBS library and an activator-regulated promoter-RBS library, are constructed for systematic genetic circuit design using the identified kinetic strengths of their promoter-RBS components.According to the dynamic model of genetic transistors, a design methodology for genetic transistors via a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based searching algorithm is developed to search for a set of promoter-RBS components and adequate concentrations of inducers to achieve the prescribed I/O characteristics of a genetic transistor. Furthermore, according to design specifications for different types of genetic transistors, a look-up table is built for genetic transistor design, from which we could easily select an adequate set of promoter-RBS components and adequate concentrations of external inducers for a specific genetic transistor. This systematic design method will reduce the time spent using trial-and-error methods in the experimental procedure for a genetic transistor with a desired I/O characteristic. We demonstrate the applicability of our design methodology to genetic transistors that have desirable linear amplification or switching by employing promoter-RBS library searching.

Systematic design methodology for robust genetic transistors based on I/O specifications via promoter-RBS libraries

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background Synthetic genetic transistors are vital for signal amplification and switching in genetic circuits. However, it is still problematic to efficiently select the adequate promoters, Ribosome Binding Sides (RBSs) and inducer concentrations to construct a genetic transistor with the desired linear amplification or switching in the Input/Output (I/O) characteristics for practical applications. Results Three kinds of promoter-RBS libraries, i.e., a constitutive promoter-RBS library, a repressor-regulated promoter-RBS library and an activator-regulated promoter-RBS library, are constructed for systematic genetic circuit design using the identified kinetic strengths of their promoter-RBS components. According to the dynamic model of genetic transistors, a design methodology for genetic transistors via a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based searching algorithm is developed to search for a set of promoter-RBS components and adequate concentrations of inducers to achieve the prescribed I/O characteristics of a genetic transistor. Furthermore, according to design specifications for different types of genetic transistors, a look-up table is built for genetic transistor design, from which we could easily select an adequate set of promoter-RBS components and adequate concentrations of external inducers for a specific genetic transistor. Conclusion This systematic design method will reduce the time spent using trial-and-error methods in the experimental procedure for a genetic transistor with a desired I/O characteristic. We demonstrate the applicability of our design methodology to genetic transistors that have desirable linear amplification or switching by employing promoter-RBS library searching. PMID:24160305

42 CFR 137.405 - Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE Secretarial Responsibilities Reports § 137.405 Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

42 CFR 137.405 - Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE Secretarial Responsibilities Reports § 137.405 Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

42 CFR 137.405 - Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE Secretarial Responsibilities Reports § 137.405 Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

42 CFR 137.405 - Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE Secretarial Responsibilities Reports § 137.405 Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

42 CFR 137.405 - Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on..., DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES TRIBAL SELF-GOVERNANCE Secretarial Responsibilities Reports § 137.405 Is the Secretary required to report to Congress on administration of Title V and the funding...

Development and validation of a Response Bias Scale (RBS) for the MMPI-2.

PubMed

Gervais, Roger O; Ben-Porath, Yossef S; Wygant, Dustin B; Green, Paul

2007-06-01

This study describes the development of a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scale designed to detect negative response bias in forensic neuropsychological or disability assessment settings. The Response Bias Scale (RBS) consists of 28 MMPI-2 items that discriminated between persons who passed or failed the Word Memory Test (WMT), Computerized Assessment of Response Bias (CARB), and/or Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) in a sample of 1,212 nonhead-injury disability claimants. Incremental validity of the RBS was evaluated by comparing its ability to detect poor performance on four separate symptom validity tests with that of the F and F(P) scales and the Fake Bad Scale (FBS). The RBS consistently outperformed F, F(P), and FBS. Study results suggest that the RBS may be a useful addition to existing MMPI-2 validity scales and indices in detecting symptom complaints predominantly associated with cognitive response bias and overreporting in forensic neuropsychological and disability assessment settings.

Effect of PEG and mPEG-anthracene on tRNA aggregation and particle formation.

PubMed

Froehlich, E; Mandeville, J S; Arnold, D; Kreplak, L; Tajmir-Riahi, H A

2012-01-09

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and its derivatives are synthetic polymers with major applications in gene and drug delivery systems. Synthetic polymers are also used to transport miRNA and siRNA in vitro. We studied the interaction of tRNA with several PEGs of different compositions, such as PEG 3350, PEG 6000, and mPEG-anthracene under physiological conditions. FTIR, UV-visible, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopic methods as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the PEG binding mode, the binding constant, and the effects of polymer complexation on tRNA stability, aggregation, and particle formation. Structural analysis showed that PEG-tRNA interaction occurs via RNA bases and the backbone phosphate group with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic contacts. The overall binding constants of K(PEG 3350-tRNA)= 1.9 (±0.5) × 10(4) M(-1), K(PEG 6000-tRNA) = 8.9 (±1) × 10(4) M(-1), and K(mPEG-anthracene)= 1.2 (±0.40) × 10(3) M(-1) show stronger polymer-RNA complexation by PEG 6000 and by PEG 3350 than the mPEG-anthracene. AFM imaging showed that PEG complexes contain on average one tRNA with PEG 3350, five tRNA with PEG 6000, and ten tRNA molecules with mPEG-anthracene. tRNA aggregation and particle formation occurred at high polymer concentrations, whereas it remains in A-family structure.

Organic Chemical Characterization and Mass Balance of a Hydraulically Fractured Well: From Fracturing Fluid to Produced Water over 405 Days.

PubMed

Rosenblum, James; Thurman, E Michael; Ferrer, Imma; Aiken, George; Linden, Karl G

2017-12-05

A long-term field study (405 days) of a hydraulically fractured well from the Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg Basin was completed. Characterization of organic chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and their changes through time, from the preinjected fracturing fluid to the produced water, was conducted. The characterization consisted of a mass balance by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and nonvolatile organic analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. DOC decreased from 1500 mg/L in initial flowback to 200 mg/L in the final produced water. Only ∼11% of the injected DOC returned by the end of the study, with this 11% representing a maximum fraction returned since the formation itself contributes DOC. Furthermore, the majority of returning DOC was of the hydrophilic fraction (60-85%). Volatile organic compound analysis revealed substantial concentrations of individual BTEX compounds (0.1-11 mg/L) over the 405-day study. Nonvolatile organic compounds identified were polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polypropylene glycols (PPG), linear alkyl-ethoxylates, and triisopropanolamine (TIPA). The distribution of PEGs, PPGs, and TIPA and their ubiquitous presence in our samples and the literature illustrate their potential as organic tracers for treatment operations or in the event of an environmental spill.

Organic chemical characterization and mass balance of a hydraulically fractured well: From fracturing fluid to produced water over 405 days

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rosenblum, James; Thurman, E. Michael; Ferrer, Imma; Aiken, George R.; Linden, Karl G.

2017-01-01

A long-term field study (405 days) of a hydraulically fractured well from the Niobrara Formation in the Denver-Julesburg Basin was completed. Characterization of organic chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and their changes through time, from the preinjected fracturing fluid to the produced water, was conducted. The characterization consisted of a mass balance by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and nonvolatile organic analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. DOC decreased from 1500 mg/L in initial flowback to 200 mg/L in the final produced water. Only ∼11% of the injected DOC returned by the end of the study, with this 11% representing a maximum fraction returned since the formation itself contributes DOC. Furthermore, the majority of returning DOC was of the hydrophilic fraction (60–85%). Volatile organic compound analysis revealed substantial concentrations of individual BTEX compounds (0.1–11 mg/L) over the 405-day study. Nonvolatile organic compounds identified were polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polypropylene glycols (PPG), linear alkyl-ethoxylates, and triisopropanolamine (TIPA). The distribution of PEGs, PPGs, and TIPA and their ubiquitous presence in our samples and the literature illustrate their potential as organic tracers for treatment operations or in the event of an environmental spill.

RbsB (NTHI_0632) mediates quorum signal uptake in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP

PubMed Central

Armbruster, Chelsie E.; Pang, Bing; Murrah, Kyle; Juneau, Richard A.; Perez, Antonia C.; Weimer, Kristin E.D.; Swords, W. Edward

2011-01-01

Summary Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a respiratory commensal and opportunistic pathogen, which persists within biofilms on airway mucosal surfaces. For many species, biofilm formation is impacted by quorum signaling. Our prior work shows that production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) promotes biofilm development and persistence for NTHI 86-028NP. NTHI 86-028NP encodes an ABC transporter annotated as a ribose transport system that includes a protein (RbsB) with similarity to the Escherichia coli LsrB and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans RbsB proteins that bind AI-2. In this study, inactivation of rbsB significantly reduced uptake of AI-2 and the AI-2 precursor dihydroxypentanedione (DPD) by NTHI 86-028NP. Moreover, DPD uptake was not competitively inhibited by ribose or other pentose sugars. Transcript levels of rbsB increased in response to DPD and as bacteria approached stationary-phase growth. The NTHI 86-028NP rbsB mutant also formed biofilms with significantly reduced thickness and total biomass and reduced surface phosphorylcholine, similar to a luxS mutant. Infection studies revealed that loss of rbsB impaired bacterial persistence in the chinchilla middle-ear, similar to our previous results with luxS mutants. Based on these data, we conclude that in NTHI 86-028NP, RbsB is a LuxS/AI-2 regulated protein that is required for uptake of and response to AI-2. PMID:21923771

RbsB (NTHI_0632) mediates quorum signal uptake in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 86-028NP.

PubMed

Armbruster, Chelsie E; Pang, Bing; Murrah, Kyle; Juneau, Richard A; Perez, Antonia C; Weimer, Kristin E D; Swords, W Edward

2011-11-01

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a respiratory commensal and opportunistic pathogen, which persists within biofilms on airway mucosal surfaces. For many species, biofilm formation is impacted by quorum signalling. Our prior work shows that production of autoinducer-2 (AI-2) promotes biofilm development and persistence for NTHI 86-028NP. NTHI 86-028NP encodes an ABC transporter annotated as a ribose transport system that includes a protein (RbsB) with similarity to the Escherichia coli LsrB and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans RbsB proteins that bind AI-2. In this study, inactivation of rbsB significantly reduced uptake of AI-2 and the AI-2 precursor dihydroxypentanedione (DPD) by NTHI 86-028NP. Moreover, DPD uptake was not competitively inhibited by ribose or other pentose sugars. Transcript levels of rbsB increased in response to DPD and as bacteria approached stationary-phase growth. The NTHI 86-028NP rbsB mutant also formed biofilms with significantly reduced thickness and total biomass and reduced surface phosphorylcholine, similar to a luxS mutant. Infection studies revealed that loss of rbsB impaired bacterial persistence in the chinchilla middle ear, similar to our previous results with luxS mutants. Based on these data, we conclude that in NTHI 86-028NP, RbsB is a LuxS/AI-2 regulated protein that is required for uptake of and response to AI-2. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Distance between RBS and AUG plays an important role in overexpression of recombinant proteins.

PubMed

Berwal, Sunil K; Sreejith, R K; Pal, Jayanta K

2010-10-15

The spacing between ribosome binding site (RBS) and AUG is crucial for efficient overexpression of genes when cloned in prokaryotic expression vectors. We undertook a brief study on the overexpression of genes cloned in Escherichia coli expression vectors, wherein the spacing between the RBS and the start codon was varied. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis indicated a high level of protein expression only in constructs where the spacing between RBS and AUG was approximately 40 nucleotides or more, despite the synthesis of the transcripts in the representative cases investigated. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PEG-stearate coated solid lipid nanoparticles as levothyroxine carriers for oral administration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kashanian, Soheila; Rostami, Elham

2014-03-01

In this study, poly ethylene glycol 100 stearate (PEG 100-S) was used to prepare coated solid lipid nanoparticles with loading levothyroxine sodium (levo-loaded PEG 100-S-coated SLNs) by microemulsification technique. Evaluation of the release kinetic of prepared colloidal carriers was conducted. The particle size and zeta potential of levo-loaded PEG 100-S-coated SLNs have been measured to be 187.5 nm and -23.0 mV, respectively, using photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). Drug entrapment efficiency (EE) was calculated to be 99 %. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the majority of drug loaded in PEG 100-S-coated SLNs were in amorphous state which could be considered desirable for drug delivery. The purpose of this study was to develop a new nanoparticle system, consisting lipid nanoparticles coated with PEG 100-S. The modification procedure led to a reduction in the zeta potential values, varying from -40.0 to -23.0 mV for the uncoated and PEG-coated SLNs, respectively. Stability results of the nanoparticles in gastric and intestinal media show that the low pH of the gastric medium is responsible for the critical aggregation and degradation of the uncoated lipid nanoparticles. PEG 100-S-coated SLNs were more stable due to their polymer coating layer which prevented aggregation of SLNs. Consequently, it is possible that the PEG surrounds the particles reducing the attachment of enzymes and further degradation of the triglyceride cores. Shape and surface morphology of particles were determined by transition electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy that revealed spherical shape of nanoparticles. In vitro drug release of PEG 100-S-coated SLNs was characterized using diffusion cell which showed a controlled release for drug.

Destruction of spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi round-body propagules (RBs) by the antibiotic tigecycline.

PubMed

Brorson, Øystein; Brorson, Sverre-Henning; Scythes, John; MacAllister, James; Wier, Andrew; Margulis, Lynn

2009-11-03

Persistence of tissue spirochetes of Borrelia burgdorferi as helices and round bodies (RBs) explains many erythema-Lyme disease symptoms. Spirochete RBs (reproductive propagules also called coccoid bodies, globular bodies, spherical bodies, granules, cysts, L-forms, sphaeroplasts, or vesicles) are induced by environmental conditions unfavorable for growth. Viable, they grow, move and reversibly convert into motile helices. Reversible pleiomorphy was recorded in at least six spirochete genera (>12 species). Penicillin solution is one unfavorable condition that induces RBs. This antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis cures neither the second "Great Imitator" (Lyme borreliosis) nor the first: syphilis. Molecular-microscopic techniques, in principle, can detect in animals (insects, ticks, and mammals, including patients) helices and RBs of live spirochetes. Genome sequences of B. burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum spirochetes show absence of >75% of genes in comparison with their free-living relatives. Irreversible integration of spirochetes at behavioral, metabolic, gene product and genetic levels into animal tissue has been documented. Irreversible integration of spirochetes may severely impair immunological response such that they persist undetected in tissue. We report in vitro inhibition and destruction of B. burgdorferi (helices, RBs = "cysts") by the antibiotic Tigecycline (TG; Wyeth), a glycylcycline protein-synthesis inhibitor (of both 30S and 70S ribosome subunits). Studies of the pleiomorphic life history stages in response to TG of both B. burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum in vivo and in vitro are strongly encouraged.

Rbs1, a new protein implicated in RNA polymerase III biogenesis in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed

Cieśla, Małgorzata; Makała, Ewa; Płonka, Marta; Bazan, Rafał; Gewartowski, Kamil; Dziembowski, Andrzej; Boguta, Magdalena

2015-04-01

Little is known about the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex assembly and its transport to the nucleus. We demonstrate that a missense cold-sensitive mutation, rpc128-1007, in the sequence encoding the C-terminal part of the second largest Pol III subunit, C128, affects the assembly and stability of the enzyme. The cellular levels and nuclear concentration of selected Pol III subunits were decreased in rpc128-1007 cells, and the association between Pol III subunits as evaluated by coimmunoprecipitation was also reduced. To identify the proteins involved in Pol III assembly, we performed a genetic screen for suppressors of the rpc128-1007 mutation and selected the Rbs1 gene, whose overexpression enhanced de novo tRNA transcription in rpc128-1007 cells, which correlated with increased stability, nuclear concentration, and interaction of Pol III subunits. The rpc128-1007 rbs1Δ double mutant shows a synthetic growth defect, indicating that rpc128-1007 and rbs1Δ function in parallel ways to negatively regulate Pol III assembly. Rbs1 physically interacts with a subset of Pol III subunits, AC19, AC40, and ABC27/Rpb5. Additionally, Rbs1 interacts with the Crm1 exportin and shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus. We postulate that Rbs1 binds to the Pol III complex or subcomplex and facilitates its translocation to the nucleus. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Experimental and Numerical Assessment of a New Alternative of RBS Moment Connection

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mirghaderi, Rasoul; Imanpour, Ali; Keshavarzi, Farhad

2008-07-08

Reduced beam section (RBS) connection has been known as a famous connection for steel moment-resisting seismic frames in high-rise buildings, because of their economical advantages and seismic ductility. In the ordinary RBS connection, often portions of the beam flanges are selectively trimmed in the region adjacent to the beam-to-column connection, and beam section is weakened in the plastic hinge region; section weakening concept in the plastic hinge region of beam cause to reduction of beam plastic section modulus in this region, and force plastic hinge to occur within the reduced section.This paper presents a new alternative of RBS connection thatmore » has been used aforesaid weakening concept in it, with this difference that corrugated steel plate webs instead of beam flange cutting has been used in limited specific length near the column face. Corrugated steel plates because of their accordion effect don't have bending rigidity, then using of these plates in plastic hinge region reduces the beam plastic section modulus and plastic hinge is formed in corrugated region. For investigating the seismic behavior and performance of new RBS moment connection, experimental specimen of new RBS connection were subjected to cyclic load, and finite element analysis were executed. The result of cyclic test and numerical analysis specified that the corrugated webs improved the plastic stability and provided capability of large plastic rotation at the plastic hinge location without any appreciable buckling and brittle fractures in this region. The test observations also showed that the specimens' plastic rotations exceeded 0.04 rad without any local and global buckling. All of the analytical results for proposed connection are generally in good agreement with the test observations.« less

Utility of the response bias scale (RBS) and other MMPI-2 validity scales in predicting TOMM performance.

PubMed

Whitney, Kriscinda A; Davis, Jeremy J; Shepard, Polly H; Herman, Steven M

2008-01-01

The present study represents a replication and extension of the original Response Bias Scale (RBS) validation study. In addition to examining the relationship between the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), RBS, and several other well-researched Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) validity scales (i.e., F, Fb, Fp, and the Fake Bad Scale), the present study also included the recently developed Infrequency Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale and the Henry-Heilbronner Index (HHI) of the MMPI-2. Findings from this retrospective data analysis (N=46) demonstrated the superiority of the RBS, and to a certain extent the HHI, over other MMPI-2 validity scales in predicting TOMM failure within the outpatient Veterans Affairs population. Results of the current study confirm the clinical utility of the RBS and suggest that, particularly if the MMPI-2 is an existing part of the neuropsychological assessment, examination of RBS scores is an efficient means of detecting negative response bias.

PEG 3350 (Transipeg) versus lactulose in the treatment of childhood functional constipation: a double blind, randomised, controlled, multicentre trial

PubMed Central

Voskuijl, W; de Lorijn, F; Verwijs, W; Hogeman, P; Heijmans, J; Mäkel, W; Taminiau, J; Benninga, M

2004-01-01

Background: Recently, polyethylene glycol (PEG 3350) has been suggested as a good alternative laxative to lactulose as a treatment option in paediatric constipation. However, no large randomised controlled trials exist evaluating the efficacy of either laxative. Aims: To compare PEG 3350 (Transipeg: polyethylene glycol with electrolytes) with lactulose in paediatric constipation and evaluate clinical efficacy/side effects. Patients: One hundred patients (aged 6 months–15 years) with paediatric constipation were included in an eight week double blinded, randomised, controlled trial. Methods: After faecal disimpaction, patients <6 years of age received PEG 3350 (2.95 g/sachet) or lactulose (6 g/sachet) while children ⩾6 years started with 2 sachets/day. Primary outcome measures were: defecation and encopresis frequency/week and successful treatment after eight weeks. Success was defined as a defecation frequency ⩾3/week and encopresis ⩽1 every two weeks. Secondary outcome measures were side effects after eight weeks of treatment. Results: A total of 91 patients (49 male) completed the study. A significant increase in defecation frequency (PEG 3350: 3 pre v 7 post treatment/week; lactulose: 3 pre v 6 post/week) and a significant decrease in encopresis frequency (PEG 3350: 10 pre v 3 post/week; lactulose: 8 pre v 3 post/week) was found in both groups (NS). However, success was significantly higher in the PEG group (56%) compared with the lactulose group (29%). PEG 3350 patients reported less abdominal pain, straining, and pain at defecation than children using lactulose. However, bad taste was reported significantly more often in the PEG group. Conclusions: PEG 3350 (0.26 (0.11) g/kg), compared with lactulose (0.66 (0.32) g/kg), provided a higher success rate with fewer side effects. PEG 3350 should be the laxative of first choice in childhood constipation. PMID:15479678

PEG 3350 (Transipeg) versus lactulose in the treatment of childhood functional constipation: a double blind, randomised, controlled, multicentre trial.

PubMed

Voskuijl, W; de Lorijn, F; Verwijs, W; Hogeman, P; Heijmans, J; Mäkel, W; Taminiau, J; Benninga, M

2004-11-01

Recently, polyethylene glycol (PEG 3350) has been suggested as a good alternative laxative to lactulose as a treatment option in paediatric constipation. However, no large randomised controlled trials exist evaluating the efficacy of either laxative. To compare PEG 3350 (Transipeg: polyethylene glycol with electrolytes) with lactulose in paediatric constipation and evaluate clinical efficacy/side effects. One hundred patients (aged 6 months-15 years) with paediatric constipation were included in an eight week double blinded, randomised, controlled trial. After faecal disimpaction, patients <6 years of age received PEG 3350 (2.95 g/sachet) or lactulose (6 g/sachet) while children > or =6 years started with 2 sachets/day. Primary outcome measures were: defecation and encopresis frequency/week and successful treatment after eight weeks. Success was defined as a defecation frequency > or =3/week and encopresis < or =1 every two weeks. Secondary outcome measures were side effects after eight weeks of treatment. A total of 91 patients (49 male) completed the study. A significant increase in defecation frequency (PEG 3350: 3 pre v 7 post treatment/week; lactulose: 3 pre v 6 post/week) and a significant decrease in encopresis frequency (PEG 3350: 10 pre v 3 post/week; lactulose: 8 pre v 3 post/week) was found in both groups (NS). However, success was significantly higher in the PEG group (56%) compared with the lactulose group (29%). PEG 3350 patients reported less abdominal pain, straining, and pain at defecation than children using lactulose. However, bad taste was reported significantly more often in the PEG group. PEG 3350 (0.26 (0.11) g/kg), compared with lactulose (0.66 (0.32) g/kg), provided a higher success rate with fewer side effects. PEG 3350 should be the laxative of first choice in childhood constipation.

PEG-asparaginase induced severe hypertriglyceridemia.

PubMed

Galindo, Rodolfo J; Yoon, Justin; Devoe, Craig; Myers, Alyson K

2016-04-01

Asparaginase (ASP) is an effective chemotherapy agent extensively used in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). There has been a recent interest in using ASP in adults with ALL, particularly the less toxic pegylated (PEG) formulation. Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a rare complication of PEG-ASP therapy. We report two cases of obese patients who developed severe HTG after receiving PEG for ALL. Both patients were incidentally found to have severe HTG (TG of 4,330 and 4,420 mg/dL). In both patients, there was no personal or family history of dyslipidemia or hypothyroidism. There was no evidence of pancreatitis or skin manifestations of HTG. Both patients were treated with PEG cessation, low-fat diet and pharmacotherapy. Both patients were re-challenged with PEG, with subsequent increase in TG but no associated complications. TG returned to baseline after discontinuing PEG and while on therapy for HTG. A literature review of PEG-induced HTG in adults demonstrated similar results: asymptomatic presentation despite very severe HTG. HTG is a rare but clinically important adverse effect of PEG. Underlying obesity and/or diabetes may represent risk factors. Clinicians should monitor TG levels during PEG therapy to avoid TG-induced pancreatitis.

Confidence Testing of Shell 405 and S-405 Catalysts in a Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

McRight, Patrick; Popp, Chris; Pierce, Charles; Turpin, Alicia; Urbanchock, Walter; Wilson, Mike

2005-01-01

As part of the transfer of catalyst manufacturing technology from Shell Chemical Company (Shell 405 catalyst manufactured in Houston, Texas) to Aerojet (S-405 manufactured in Redmond, Washington), Aerojet demonstrated the equivalence of S-405 and Shell 405 at beginning of life. Some US aerospace users expressed a desire to conduct a preliminary confidence test to assess end-of-life characteristics for S-405. NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Aerojet entered a contractual agreement in 2004 to conduct a confidence test using a pair of 0.2-lbf MR-103G monopropellant hydrazine thrusters, comparing S-405 and Shell 405 side by side. This paper summarizes the formulation of this test program, explains the test matrix, describes the progress of the test, and analyzes the test results. This paper also includes a discussion of the limitations of this test and the ramifications of the test results for assessing the need for future qualification testing in particular hydrazine thruster applications.

Systematic Biological Filter Design with a Desired I/O Filtering Response Based on Promoter-RBS Libraries.

PubMed

Hsu, Chih-Yuan; Pan, Zhen-Ming; Hu, Rei-Hsing; Chang, Chih-Chun; Cheng, Hsiao-Chun; Lin, Che; Chen, Bor-Sen

2015-01-01

In this study, robust biological filters with an external control to match a desired input/output (I/O) filtering response are engineered based on the well-characterized promoter-RBS libraries and a cascade gene circuit topology. In the field of synthetic biology, the biological filter system serves as a powerful detector or sensor to sense different molecular signals and produces a specific output response only if the concentration of the input molecular signal is higher or lower than a specified threshold. The proposed systematic design method of robust biological filters is summarized into three steps. Firstly, several well-characterized promoter-RBS libraries are established for biological filter design by identifying and collecting the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of their promoter-RBS components via nonlinear parameter estimation method. Then, the topology of synthetic biological filter is decomposed into three cascade gene regulatory modules, and an appropriate promoter-RBS library is selected for each module to achieve the desired I/O specification of a biological filter. Finally, based on the proposed systematic method, a robust externally tunable biological filter is engineered by searching the promoter-RBS component libraries and a control inducer concentration library to achieve the optimal reference match for the specified I/O filtering response.

18 CFR 385.405 - Use of depositions (Rule 405).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Use of depositions... Matters Set for Hearing Under Subpart E § 385.405 Use of depositions (Rule 405). (a) In general. During a... deposition taken pursuant to Rule 404, so far as admissible as though the witness were then present and...

18 CFR 385.405 - Use of depositions (Rule 405).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Use of depositions... Matters Set for Hearing Under Subpart E § 385.405 Use of depositions (Rule 405). (a) In general. During a... deposition taken pursuant to Rule 404, so far as admissible as though the witness were then present and...

Quantitative analysis of the Ge concentration in a SiGe quantum well: comparison of low-energy RBS and SIMS measurements.

PubMed

Krecar, D; Rosner, M; Draxler, M; Bauer, P; Hutter, H

2006-01-01

The germanium concentration and the position and thickness of the quantum well in molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown SiGe were quantitatively analyzed via low-energy Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In these samples, the concentrations of Si and Ge were assumed to be constant, except for the quantum well, where the germanium concentration was lower. The thickness of the analyzed quantum well was about 12 nm and it was situated at a depth of about 60 nm below the surface. A dip showed up in the RBS spectra due to the lower germanium concentration in the quantum well, and this was evaluated. Good depth resolution was required in order to obtain quantitative results, and this was obtained by choosing a primary energy of 500 keV and a tilt angle of 51 degrees with respect to the surface normal. Quantitative information was deduced from the raw data by comparing it with SIMNRA simulated spectra. The SIMS measurements were performed with oxygen primary ions. Given the response function of the SIMS instrument (the SIMS depth profile of the germanium delta (delta) layer), and using the forward convolution (point-to-point convolution) model, it is possible to determine the germanium concentration and the thickness of the analyzed quantum well from the raw SIMS data. The aim of this work was to compare the results obtained via RBS and SIMS and to show their potential for use in the semiconductor and microelectronics industry. The detection of trace elements (here the doping element antimony) that could not be evaluated with RBS in low-energy mode is also demonstrated using SIMS instead.

On the Applications of IBA Techniques to Biological Samples Analysis: PIXE and RBS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Falcon-Gonzalez, J. M.; Bernal-Alvarado, J.; Sosa, M.

2008-08-11

The analytical techniques based on ion beams or IBA techniques give quantitative information on elemental concentration in samples of a wide variety of nature. In this work, we focus on PIXE technique, analyzing thick target biological specimens (TTPIXE), using 3 MeV protons produced by an electrostatic accelerator. A nuclear microprobe was used performing PIXE and RBS simultaneously, in order to solve the uncertainties produced in the absolute PIXE quantifying. The advantages of using both techniques and a nuclear microprobe are discussed. Quantitative results are shown to illustrate the multielemental resolution of the PIXE technique; for this, a blood standard wasmore » used.« less

Analysis of PEG oligomers in black gel inks: Discrimination and ink dating.

PubMed

Sun, Qiran; Luo, Yiwen; Xiang, Ping; Yang, Xu; Shen, Min

2017-08-01

Carbon-based black gel inks are common samples in forensic practice of questioned document examination in China, but there are few analytical methods for this type of ink. In this study, a liquid chromatography-.high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was established for the analysis of PEG oligomers in carbon-based black gel ink entries. The coupled instruments achieve both the identification and quantification of PEG oligomers in ink entries with reproducible results. Twenty carbon-based black gel inks, whose Raman spectra appeared identical, were analyzed using the LC-HRMS method. As a result, the twenty gel inks were classified into four groups according to the distribution of PEG oligomers. Artificially aging of PEG 400 and a gel ink showed that as PEG degraded, the relative amounts of low molecular weight PEG oligomers increased, while those of high molecular weight decreased. The degradation of PEG oligomers in a naturally aged gel ink was consistent with those in the artificially aged samples, but occurred more slowly. This study not only provided a new method for discriminating carbon-based black gel ink entries, but also offered a new approach for studying the relative ink dating of carbon-based black gel ink entries. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automatic energy calibration algorithm for an RBS setup

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Silva, Tiago F.; Moro, Marcos V.; Added, Nemitala

2013-05-06

This work describes a computer algorithm for automatic extraction of the energy calibration parameters from a Rutherford Back-Scattering Spectroscopy (RBS) spectrum. Parameters like the electronic gain, electronic offset and detection resolution (FWHM) of a RBS setup are usually determined using a standard sample. In our case, the standard sample comprises of a multi-elemental thin film made of a mixture of Ti-Al-Ta that is analyzed at the beginning of each run at defined beam energy. A computer program has been developed to extract automatically the calibration parameters from the spectrum of the standard sample. The code evaluates the first derivative ofmore » the energy spectrum, locates the trailing edges of the Al, Ti and Ta peaks and fits a first order polynomial for the energy-channel relation. The detection resolution is determined fitting the convolution of a pre-calculated theoretical spectrum. To test the code, data of two years have been analyzed and the results compared with the manual calculations done previously, obtaining good agreement.« less

Complete regression of xenograft tumors using biodegradable mPEG-PLA-SN38 block copolymer micelles.

PubMed

Lu, Lu; Zheng, Yan; Weng, Shuqiang; Zhu, Wenwei; Chen, Jinhong; Zhang, Xiaomin; Lee, Robert J; Yu, Bo; Jia, Huliang; Qin, Lunxiu

2016-06-01

7-Ethyl-10-hydroxy-comptothecin (SN38) is an active metabolite of irinotecan (CPT-11) and the clinical application of SN38 is limited by its hydrophobicity and instability. To address these issues, a series of novel amphiphilic mPEG-PLA-SN38-conjugates were synthesized by linking SN38 to mPEG-PLA-SA, and they could form micelles by self-assembly. The effects of mPEG-PLA composition were studied in vitro and in vivo. The mean diameters of mPEG2K-PLA-SN38 micelles and mPEG4K-PLA-SN38 micelles were 10-20nm and 120nm, respectively, and mPEG2K-PLA-SN38 micelles showed greater antitumor efficacy than mPEG4K-PLA-SN38 micelles both in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that the lengths of mPEG and PLA chains had a major impact on the physicochemical characteristics and antitumor activity of SN38-conjugate micelles. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Core element characterization of Rhodococcus promoters and development of a promoter-RBS mini-pool with different activity levels for efficient gene expression.

PubMed

Jiao, Song; Yu, Huimin; Shen, Zhongyao

2018-09-25

To satisfy the urgent demand for promoter engineering that can accurately regulate the metabolic circuits and expression of specific genes in the Rhodococcus microbial platform, a promoter-ribosome binding site (RBS) coupled mini-pool with fine-tuning of different activity levels was successfully established. Transcriptome analyses of R. ruber TH revealed several representative promoters with different activity levels, e.g., Pami, Pcs, Pnh, P50sl36, PcbiM, PgroE and Pniami. β-Galactosidase (LacZ) reporter measurement demonstrated that different gene expression levels could be obtained with these natural promoters combined with an optimal RBS of ami. Further use of these promoters to overexpress the nitrile hydratase (NHase) gene with RBSami in R. ruber THdAdN produced different expression levels consistent with the transcription analyses. The -35 and -10 core elements of different promoters were further analyzed, and the conserved sequences were revealed to be TTGNNN and (T/C)GNNA(A/C)AAT. By mutating the core elements of the strong promoters, Pnh and Pami, into the above consensus sequence, two even stronger promoters, PnhM and PamiM, were obtained with 2.2-fold and 7.7-fold improvements in transcription, respectively. Integrating several strategies, including transcriptome promoter screening, -35 and -10 core element identification, core element point-mutation, RBS optimization and diverse reporter verification, a fine-tuning promoter-RBS combination mini-pool with different activity levels in Rhodococcus strains was successfully established. This development is significant for broad applications of the Rhodococcus genus as a microbial platform. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

RBS and PIXE analysis of chlorine contamination in ALD-Grown TiN films on silicon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meersschaut, J.; Witters, T.; Kaeyhkoe, M.

2013-04-19

The performance, strengths and limitations of RBS and PIXE for the characterization of trace amounts of Cl in TiN thin films are critically compared. The chlorine atomic concentration in ALD grown TiN thin films on Si is determined for samples grown at temperatures ranging from 350 Degree-Sign C to 550 Degree-Sign C. We show that routine Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements (1.5 MeV He{sup +}) and PIXE measurements (1.5 MeV H{sup +}) on 20 nm thick TiN films allow one to determine the Cl content down to 0.3 at% with an absolute statistical accuracy reaching 0.03 at%. Possible improvements to pushmore » the sensitivity limit for both approaches are proposed.« less

40 CFR 405.43 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 405.43 Section 405.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.43 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 405.43 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.43 Section 405.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.43 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 405.43 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.43 Section 405.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.43 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 405.43 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.43 Section 405.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.43 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 405.43 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.43 Section 405.43 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.43 [Reserved] ...

Pharmacokinetics and in vivo delivery of curcumin by copolymeric mPEG-PCL micelles.

PubMed

Kheiri Manjili, Hamidreza; Ghasemi, Parisa; Malvandi, Hojjat; Mousavi, Mir Sajjad; Attari, Elahe; Danafar, Hossein

2017-07-01

Curcumin (CUR) has been associated with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, and antitumor effects, but its application is limited because of its low aqueous solubility and poor oral bioavailability. To progress the bioavailability and water solubility of CUR, we synthesized five series of mono methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) diblock copolymers. The structure of the copolymers was characterized by H NMR, FTIR, DSC and GPC techniques. In this study, CUR was encapsulated within micelles through a single-step nano-precipitation method, leading to formation of CUR-loaded mPEG-PCL (CUR/mPEG-PCL) micelles. The resulting micelles were characterized further by various techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cytotoxicity of void CUR, mPEG-PCL and CUR/mPEG-PCL micelles was compared to each other by performing MTT assay of the treated MCF-7 and 4T1 cell line. Study of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of the CUR-loaded micelles was also carried out on selected copolymers in comparison with CUR solution formulations. The results showed that the zeta potential of CUR-loaded micelles was about -11.5mV and the average size was 81.0nm. CUR was encapsulated into mPEG-PCL micelles with loading capacity of 20.65±0.015% and entrapment efficiency of 89.32±0.34%. The plasma AUC (0-t), t 1/2 and C max of CUR micelles were increased by 52.8, 4.63 and 7.51-fold compared to the CUR solution, respectively. In vivo results showed that multiple injections of CUR-loaded micelles could prolong the circulation time and increase the therapeutic efficacy of CUR. These results suggested that mPEG-PCL micelles would be a potential carrier for CUR. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

40 CFR 405.113 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.113 Section 405.113 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Condensed Whey Subcategory § 405.113 [Reserved] ...

40 CFR 405.123 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.123 Section 405.123 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Dry Whey Subcategory § 405.123 [Reserved] ...

5 CFR 843.405 - Dependency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Dependency. 843.405 Section 843.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEATH BENEFITS AND EMPLOYEE REFUNDS Child Annuities § 843.405 Dependency. To be...

5 CFR 843.405 - Dependency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Dependency. 843.405 Section 843.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEATH BENEFITS AND EMPLOYEE REFUNDS Child Annuities § 843.405 Dependency. To be...

5 CFR 843.405 - Dependency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Dependency. 843.405 Section 843.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEATH BENEFITS AND EMPLOYEE REFUNDS Child Annuities § 843.405 Dependency. To be...

5 CFR 843.405 - Dependency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Dependency. 843.405 Section 843.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEATH BENEFITS AND EMPLOYEE REFUNDS Child Annuities § 843.405 Dependency. To be...

5 CFR 843.405 - Dependency.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Dependency. 843.405 Section 843.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-DEATH BENEFITS AND EMPLOYEE REFUNDS Child Annuities § 843.405 Dependency. To be...

40 CFR 405.53 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.53 Section 405.53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Cottage Cheese and Cultured Cream Cheese Subcategory § 405.53...

10 CFR 40.5 - Communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Communications. 40.5 Section 40.5 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION DOMESTIC LICENSING OF SOURCE MATERIAL General Provisions § 40.5 Communications. (a...) of this section, any communication or report concerning the regulations in this part and any...

50 CFR 660.405 - Prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 13 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Prohibitions. 660.405 Section 660.405 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE (CONTINUED) FISHERIES OFF WEST COAST STATES West Coast Salmon Fisheries § 660.405...

10 CFR 40.5 - Communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Communications. 40.5 Section 40.5 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION DOMESTIC LICENSING OF SOURCE MATERIAL General Provisions § 40.5 Communications. (a...) of this section, any communication or report concerning the regulations in this part and any...

10 CFR 40.5 - Communications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Communications. 40.5 Section 40.5 Energy NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION DOMESTIC LICENSING OF SOURCE MATERIAL General Provisions § 40.5 Communications. (a... Administrators. (ii) Health and safety design review of sealed sources and devices and approval, for licensing...

28 CFR 40.5 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Applicability. 40.5 Section 40.5 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE STANDARDS FOR INMATE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Minimum Standards for Inmate Grievance Procedures § 40.5 Applicability. The grievance procedure shall be applicable to a broad range of...

28 CFR 40.5 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Applicability. 40.5 Section 40.5 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE STANDARDS FOR INMATE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Minimum Standards for Inmate Grievance Procedures § 40.5 Applicability. The grievance procedure shall be applicable to a broad range of...

28 CFR 40.5 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Applicability. 40.5 Section 40.5 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE STANDARDS FOR INMATE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Minimum Standards for Inmate Grievance Procedures § 40.5 Applicability. The grievance procedure shall be applicable to a broad range of...

28 CFR 40.5 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Applicability. 40.5 Section 40.5 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE STANDARDS FOR INMATE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Minimum Standards for Inmate Grievance Procedures § 40.5 Applicability. The grievance procedure shall be applicable to a broad range of...

28 CFR 40.5 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Applicability. 40.5 Section 40.5 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE STANDARDS FOR INMATE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Minimum Standards for Inmate Grievance Procedures § 40.5 Applicability. The grievance procedure shall be applicable to a broad range of...

Steric and electrostatic surface forces on sulfonated PEG graft surfaces with selective albumin adsorption.

PubMed

Bremmell, Kristen E; Britcher, Leanne; Griesser, Hans J

2013-06-01

Addition of ionized terminal groups to PEG graft layers may cause additional interfacial forces to modulate the net interfacial interactions between PEG graft layers and proteins. In this study we investigated the effect of terminal sulfonate groups, characterizing PEG-aldehyde (PEG-CHO) and sulfonated PEG (PEG-SO3) graft layers by XPS and colloid probe AFM interaction force measurements as a function of ionic strength, in order to determine surface forces relevant to protein resistance and models of bio-interfacial interaction of such graft coatings. On the PEG-CHO surface the measured interaction force does not alter with ionic strength, typical of a repulsive steric barrier coating. An analogous repulsive interaction force of steric origin was also observed on the PEG-SO3 graft coating; however, the net interaction force changed with ionic strength. Interaction forces were modelled by steric and electrical double layer interaction theories, with fitting to a scaling theory model enabling determination of the spacing and stretching of the grafted chains. Albumin, fibrinogen, and lysozyme did not adsorb on the PEG-CHO coating, whereas the PEG graft with terminal sulfonate groups showed substantial adsorption of albumin but not fibrinogen or lysozyme from 0.15 M salt solutions. Under lower ionic strength conditions albumin adsorption was again minimized as a result of the increased electrical double-layer interaction observed with the PEG-SO3 modified surface. This unique and unexpected adsorption behaviour of albumin provides an alternative explanation to the "negative cilia" model used by others to rationalize observed thromboresistance on PEG-sulfonate coatings. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Attainment of 40.5 pm spatial resolution using 300 kV scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with fifth-order aberration corrector.

PubMed

Morishita, Shigeyuki; Ishikawa, Ryo; Kohno, Yuji; Sawada, Hidetaka; Shibata, Naoya; Ikuhara, Yuichi

2018-02-01

The achievement of a fine electron probe for high-resolution imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy requires technological developments, especially in electron optics. For this purpose, we developed a microscope with a fifth-order aberration corrector that operates at 300 kV. The contrast flat region in an experimental Ronchigram, which indicates the aberration-free angle, was expanded to 70 mrad. By using a probe with convergence angle of 40 mrad in the scanning transmission electron microscope at 300 kV, we attained the spatial resolution of 40.5 pm, which is the projected interatomic distance between Ga-Ga atomic columns of GaN observed along [212] direction.

42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

42 CFR 405.450 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Appeals. 405.450 Section 405.450 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.450 Appeals. (a) A determination by...

42 CFR 405.400 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 405.400 Section 405.400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.400 Definitions. For purposes of this...

24 CFR 257.405 - Mortgagees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... PROGRAM Enforcement Mortgagor False Information § 257.405 Mortgagees. (a) HUD will monitor mortgagees to... this section. Requests for a hearing must be made within 45 days from the date of the false information... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Mortgagees. 257.405 Section 257.405...

42 CFR 405.2400 - Basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Basis. 405.2400 Section 405.2400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL... Services § 405.2400 Basis. Subpart X is based on the provisions of the following sections of the Act...

RBS as a new primary direct reference method for measuring quantity of material

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jeynes, C.

2017-09-01

The quantity of material in thin films can be measured reliably, non-destructively, and at an absolute traceable accuracy with a combined standard uncertainty of 1% by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). We have demonstrated a measurement protocol for the determination of quantity of material by RBS that has been accredited at this accuracy to the ISO 17025 standard by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS). The method is entirely traceable to SI units relying on no artefacts, and thus qualifies as a primary direct reference method as defined by the ISO Guide 35:1985 (paragraph 9.4.1).

42 CFR 405.1037 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Discovery. 405.1037 Section 405.1037 Public Health... Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1037 Discovery. (a) General rules. (1) Discovery is permissible only when CMS or its contractor elects to participate in an ALJ hearing...

42 CFR 405.1037 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Discovery. 405.1037 Section 405.1037 Public Health... Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1037 Discovery. (a) General rules. (1) Discovery is permissible only when CMS or its contractor elects to participate in an ALJ hearing...

42 CFR 405.1037 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Discovery. 405.1037 Section 405.1037 Public Health... Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1037 Discovery. (a) General rules. (1) Discovery is permissible only when CMS or its contractor elects to participate in an ALJ hearing...

42 CFR 405.1037 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Discovery. 405.1037 Section 405.1037 Public Health... Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1037 Discovery. (a) General rules. (1) Discovery is permissible only when CMS or its contractor elects to participate in an ALJ hearing...

24 CFR 266.405 - Title.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2004-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2004-04-01 2004-04-01 false Title. 266.405 Section 266.405... Requirements; HUD Endorsement § 266.405 Title. (a) Eligibility of title. Marketable title to the mortgaged property must be vested in the mortgagor on the date the mortgage is filed for record. (b) Title evidence...

24 CFR 266.405 - Title.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2005-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 false Title. 266.405 Section 266.405... Requirements; HUD Endorsement § 266.405 Title. (a) Eligibility of title. Marketable title to the mortgaged property must be vested in the mortgagor on the date the mortgage is filed for record. (b) Title evidence...

42 CFR 405.1037 - Discovery.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Discovery. 405.1037 Section 405.1037 Public Health... Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1037 Discovery. (a) General rules. (1) Discovery is permissible only when CMS or its contractor elects to participate in an ALJ hearing...

24 CFR 882.405 - Financing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Financing. 882.405 Section 882.405... § 882.405 Financing. (a) Types. Any type of public or private financing may be utilized with the... Contract as security for financing. An Owner may pledge, or offer as security for any loan or obligation...

2 L PEG plus ascorbic acid versus 4 L PEG plus simethicon for colonoscopy preparation: a randomized single-blind clinical trial.

PubMed

Gentile, Maurizio; De Rosa, Michele; Cestaro, Giovanni; Forestieri, Pietro

2013-06-01

The 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) lavage solution has been proved to be similarly safe and effective as 4 L PEG formulations, in spite of the reduced volume. To compare low-volume PEG-based solution combined with ascorbic acid with high-volume PEG-based solution combined with simethicon in terms of efficacy and patient tolerability. This was a single-blind prospective randomized trial. Patients were randomized to receive either 2 L PEG plus ascorbic acid (PEG+Asc) or 4 L PEG plus simethicon (PEG+Sim). The primary endpoint was overall colon cleansing evaluation, assessed by blinded investigators using Aronchick score. Secondary end points included patient compliance and tolerability and adverse events. Sixty patients received PEG+Asc and 60 received PEG+Sim. Overall bowel cleansing score was considered adequate in 81.67% of the PEG+Asc and 80% of the PEG+Sim groups, respectively. Excellent and good ratings were recorded in 11.6% and 38.3% receiving PEG+Asc as compared with 26.6% and 23.3% of patients receiving PEG+Sim. Patient tolerability and safety were similar with both the preparations. According to our data, low-volume PEG+Asc has comparable efficacy, safety, and tolerability as high-volume PEG+Sim; therefore, it can be considered as a good alternative solution for bowel preparation. More improvements are necessary to achieve the target of a perfect preparation.

Neutron-Helium-3 Analyzing Power at 4.05 and 5.54 MeV*

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Esterline, J. H.; Howell, C. R.; Macri, R. A.; Tajima, S.; Tornow, W.; Crowe, B.; Pedroni, R. S.; Weisel, G. J.

2004-10-01

It has been proposed that, to better understand long-standing discrepancies between calculated and measured analyzing powers in the three-nucleon system, an investigation of analyzing powers be undertaken in the four-nucleon system, in which similar discrepancies have recently been observed. To this end, the analyzing power for polarized neutron-helion scattering has been measured at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL) at 27 angles for both incident neutron energies of 4.05 and 5.54 MeV. These data were obtained with neutrons generated by the polarization-transfer reaction D(d,n)He-3, with neutron polarizations of approximately .4 and .5, respectively, for the two energies. Preliminary analysis yields uncertainties in the analyzing powers not exceeding .03 at the cross section minima, at which point the analyzing powers achieve values in excess of .60. Since rigorous theoretical calculations are presently unavailable for neutron-helion scattering due to complications involving isospin structure, the data are compared favorably to previously obtained proton-triton data corrected for the Coulomb barrier.

Synthesis and characterisation of PEG modified chitosan nanocapsules loaded with thymoquinone.

PubMed

Vignesh Kumar, Suresh Kumar; Renuka Devi, Ponnuswamy; Harish, Saru; Hemananthan, Eswaran

2017-02-01

Thymoquinone (TQ), a major bioactive compound of Nigella sativa seeds has several therapeutic properties. The main drawback in bringing TQ to therapeutic application is that it has poor stability and bioavailability. Hence a suitable carrier is essential for TQ delivery. Recent studies indicate biodegradable polymers are potentially good carriers of bioactive compounds. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified chitosan (Cs) nanocapsules were developed as a carrier for TQ. Aqueous soluble low molecular weight Cs and PEG was selected among different biodegradable polymers based on their biocompatibility and efficacy as a carrier. Optimisation of synthesis of nanocapsules was done based on particle size, PDI, encapsulation efficiency and process yield. A positive zeta potential value of +48 mV, indicating good stability was observed. Scanning electron microscope and atomic-force microscopy analysis revealed spherical shaped and smooth surfaced nanocapsules with size between 100 to 300 nm. The molecular dispersion of the TQ in Cs PEG nanocapsules was studied using X-ray powder diffraction. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of optimised nanocapsule exhibited functional groups of both polymer and drug, confirming the presence of Cs, PEG and TQ. In vitro drug release studies showed that PEG modified Cs nanocapsules loaded with TQ had a slow and sustained release.

Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation for the analysis of PEG-asparaginase.

PubMed

John, C; Herz, T; Boos, J; Langer, K; Hempel, G

2016-01-01

Monomethoxypolyethylene glycol L-asparaginase (PEG-ASNASE) is the PEGylated version of the enzyme L-asparaginase (ASNASE). Both are used for remission induction in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The treatment control is generally carried out by performing activity assays, though methods to determine the actual enzyme rather than its activity are rare. Using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) offered the chance to develop a method capable of simultaneously measuring PEG-ASNASE and PEG. A method validation was performed in accordance with FDA guidelines for PEG-ASNASE from non-biological solutions. The method unfolded a linearity of 15-750 U/mL with coefficients of correlation of r(2)>0.99. The coefficients of variation (CV) for within-run and between-run variability were 1.18-10.15% and 2.43-8.73%, respectively. Furthermore, the method was used to perform stability tests of the product Oncaspar® (PEG-ASNASE) and estimation of the molecular weight by multi-angle light scattering (MALS) of stressed samples to correlate them with the corresponding activity. The findings indicate that Oncaspar® stock solution should not be stored any longer than 24 h at room temperature and cannot be frozen in pure aqueous media. The validated method might be useful for the pharmaceutical industry and its quality control of PEG-ASNASE production. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The exploration of endocytic mechanisms of PLA-PEG nanoparticles prepared by coaxialtri-capillary electrospray-template removal method.

PubMed

Chen, Jiaming; Cao, Lihua; Cui, Yuecheng; Tu, Kehua; Wang, Hongjun; Wang, Li-Qun

2018-01-01

The nano-sized poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) particles with core-shell structure were efficiently prepared by using coaxial tri-capillary electrospray-template removal method. The cellular uptake mechanism, intracellular distribution and exocytosis in A549 cell model of electrosprayed PLA-PEG nanoparticles were systemically studied. The drug release behavior of electrosprayed PLA-PEG nanoparticles were also investigated. Our results showed that PLA-PEG nanoparticles can be endocytosed quickly by A549 cells. The cellular uptake of PLA-PEG nanoparticles was an energy dependent endocytosis process. Caveolae-mediated endocytosis was only one of endocytosis pathways in A549 cells for PLA-PEG nanoparticles, while clathrin mediated endocytosis was not involved in the endocytosis process. The endocytosed PLA-PEG nanoparticles enriched in the head of A549 cells and only a small amount of them was transported into lysosome after 24h incubation. These findings provided insights into the application of electrosprayed PLA-PEG nanoparticles in nano drug delivery field. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Rutherford Back Scattering (RBS) studies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Neely, W. C.; Bozak, M. J.; Williams, J. R.

1993-01-01

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Rutherford Back Scattering (RBS) studies of each of sample received were completed. Since low angle X-ray could not be performed because of instrumentation problems, Auger spectrometry was employed instead. The results of these measurements for each of the samples is discussed in turn.

40 CFR 405.111 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.111 Section 405.111 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Condensed Whey Subcategory § 405.111...

40 CFR 405.121 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.121 Section 405.121 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Dry Whey Subcategory § 405.121...

20 CFR 405.30 - Discrimination complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Discrimination complaints. 405.30 Section 405... INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Introduction, General Description, and Definitions § 405.30 Discrimination... that an adjudicator has improperly discriminated against you, you may file a discrimination complaint...

20 CFR 405.30 - Discrimination complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Discrimination complaints. 405.30 Section 405... INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Introduction, General Description, and Definitions § 405.30 Discrimination... that an adjudicator has improperly discriminated against you, you may file a discrimination complaint...

20 CFR 405.30 - Discrimination complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Discrimination complaints. 405.30 Section 405... INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Introduction, General Description, and Definitions § 405.30 Discrimination... that an adjudicator has improperly discriminated against you, you may file a discrimination complaint...

20 CFR 405.30 - Discrimination complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Discrimination complaints. 405.30 Section 405... INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Introduction, General Description, and Definitions § 405.30 Discrimination... that an adjudicator has improperly discriminated against you, you may file a discrimination complaint...

20 CFR 405.30 - Discrimination complaints.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Discrimination complaints. 405.30 Section 405... INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Introduction, General Description, and Definitions § 405.30 Discrimination... that an adjudicator has improperly discriminated against you, you may file a discrimination complaint...

21 CFR 173.405 - Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. 173.405 Section 173.405 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... HUMAN CONSUMPTION Specific Usage Additives § 173.405 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Sodium...

7 CFR 3430.405 - Funding restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Funding restrictions. 3430.405 Section 3430.405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND... ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative § 3430.405 Funding restrictions...

7 CFR 3430.405 - Funding restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Funding restrictions. 3430.405 Section 3430.405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND... ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative § 3430.405 Funding restrictions...

7 CFR 3430.405 - Funding restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Funding restrictions. 3430.405 Section 3430.405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND... ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative § 3430.405 Funding restrictions...

7 CFR 3430.405 - Funding restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Funding restrictions. 3430.405 Section 3430.405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND... ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative § 3430.405 Funding restrictions...

Modeling and self-assembly behavior of PEG-PLA-PEG triblock copolymers in aqueous solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Xiaohan; Li, Suming; Coumes, Fanny; Darcos, Vincent; Lai Kee Him, Joséphine; Bron, Patrick

2013-09-01

A series of poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PLA-PEG) triblock copolymers with symmetric or asymmetric chain structures were synthesized by combination of ring-opening polymerization and copper-catalyzed click chemistry. The resulting copolymers were used to prepare self-assembled aggregates by dialysis. Various architectures such as nanotubes, polymersomes and spherical micelles were observed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cryo-TEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The formation of diverse aggregates is explained by modeling from the angle of both geometry and thermodynamics. From the angle of geometry, a ``blob'' model based on the Daoud-Cotton model for star polymers is proposed to describe the aggregate structures and structural changes with copolymer composition and molar mass. In fact, the copolymer chains extend in aqueous medium to form single layer polymersomes to minimize the system's free energy if one of the two PEG blocks is short enough. The curvature of polymersomes is dependent on the chain structure of copolymers, especially on the length of PLA blocks. A constant branch number of aggregates (f) is thus required to preserve the morphology of polymersomes. Meanwhile, the aggregation number (Nagg) determined from the thermodynamics of self-assembly is roughly proportional to the total length of polymer chains. Comparing f to Nagg, the aggregates take the form of polymersomes if Nagg ~ f, and change to nanotubes if Nagg > f to conform to the limits from both curvature and aggregation number. The length of nanotubes is mainly determined by the difference between Nagg and f. However, the hollow structure becomes unstable when both PEG segments are too long, and the aggregates eventually collapse to yield spherical micelles. Therefore, this work gives new insights into the self-assembly behavior of PEG-PLA-PEG triblock copolymers in aqueous solution which present great interest for biomedical and

In-Situ RBS Channelling Studies Of Ion Implanted Semiconductors And Insulators

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wendler, E.

2011-06-01

The experimental set-up at the ion beam facility in Jena allows the performance of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) in channeling configuration at any temperature between 15 K and room temperature without changing the environment or the temperature of the sample. Doing RBS channeling studies at 15 K increases the sensitivity to defects, because the influence of lattice vibrations is reduced. Thus, the very early processes of ion induced damage formation can be studied and the cross section of damage formation per ion in virgin material, P, can be determined. At 15 K ion-beam induced damage formation itself can be investigated,more » because the occurrence of thermal effects can be widely excluded. In AlAs, GaN, and ZnO the cross section P measured at 15 K can be used to estimate the displacement energy for the heavier component, which is in reasonable agreement with other experiments or theoretical calculations. For a given ion species (here Ar ions) the measured cross section P exhibits a quadratic dependence P{proportional_to}P{sub SRIM}{sup 2} with P{sub SRIM} being the value calculated with SRIM using established displacement energies from other sources. From these results the displacement energy of AlN can be estimated to about 40 eV. Applying the computer code DICADA to calculate the depth distribution of displaced lattice atoms from the channeling spectra, indirect information about the type of defects produced during ion implantation at 15 K can be obtained. In some materials like GaN or ZnO the results indicate the formation of extended defects most probably dislocation loops and thus suggest an athermal mobility of defect at 15 K.« less

PEG tube insertion -- discharge

MedlinePlus

... be treated with medicine. Caring for the PEG-tube Site Drainage from around the PEG tube is common for the first 1 or 2 ... cotton swab or gauze. Try to remove any drainage or crusting on the skin and tube. Be gentle. If you used soap, gently clean ...

Same-day 2-L PEG-citrate-simethicone plus bisacodyl vs split 4-L PEG: Bowel cleansing for late-morning colonoscopy.

PubMed

de Leone, Annalisa; Tamayo, Darina; Fiori, Giancarla; Ravizza, Davide; Trovato, Cristina; De Roberto, Giuseppe; Fazzini, Linda; Dal Fante, Marco; Crosta, Cristiano

2013-09-16

To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, acceptability and feasibility of bisacodyl plus low volume polyethyleneglycol-citrate-simeticone (2-L PEG-CS) taken the same day as compared with conventional split-dose 4-L PEG for late morning colonoscopy. Randomised, observer-blind, parallel group, comparative trial carried out in 2 centres. Out patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 85 years, undergoing colonoscopy for diagnostic investigation, colorectal cancer screening or follow-up were eligible. The PEG-CS group received 3 bisacodyl tablets (4 tablets for patients with constipation) at bedtime and 2-L PEG-CS in the morning starting 5 h before colonoscopy. The control group received a conventional 4-L PEG formulation given as split regimen; the morning dose was taken with the same schedule of the low volume preparation. The Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS) score was used as the main outcome measure. A total of 164 subjects were enrolled and 154 completed the study; 78 in the PEG-CS group and 76 in the split 4-L PEG group. The two groups were comparable at baseline. The OBPS score in the PEG-CS group (3.09 ± 2.40) and in the PEG group (2.39 ± 2.55) were equivalent (difference +0.70; 95%CI: -0.09-1.48). This was confirmed by the rate of successful bowel cleansing in the PEG-CS group (89.7%) and in the PEG group (92.1%) (difference -2.4%; 95%CI: -11.40- 6.70). PEG-CS was superior in terms of mucosa visibility compared to PEG (85.7% vs 72.4%, P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in caecum intubation rate, time to reach the caecum and withdrawal time between the two groups. The adenoma detection rate was similar (PEG-CS 43.6% vs PEG 44.7%). No serious adverse events occurred. No difference was found in tolerability of the bowel preparations. Compliance was equal in both groups: more than 90% of subjects drunk the whole solution. Willingness to repeat the same bowel preparations was about 90% for both regimes. Same-day PEG-CS is feasible, effective

Evaluation of PEG and mPEG-co-(PGA-co-PDL) microparticles loaded with sodium diclofenac

PubMed Central

Tawfeek, Hesham M.

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate novel biodegradable polyesters namely; poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone), PEG-PGA-co-PDL-PEG, and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether)-Poly(glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone), PGA-co-PDL-PEGme as an alternative sustained release carrier for lung delivery compared with non-PEG containing polymer PGA-co-PDL. The co-polymers were synthesized through lipase catalysis ring opening polymerization reaction and characterized using GPC, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and surface contact angle. Furthermore, microparticles containing a model hydrophilic drug, sodium diclofenac, were prepared via spray drying from a modified single emulsion and characterized for their encapsulation efficiency, geometrical particle size, zeta potential, tapped density, primary aerodynamic diameter, amorphous nature, morphology, in vitro release and the aerosolization performance. Microparticles fabricated from mPEG-co-polymer can be targeted to the lung periphery with an optimum in vitro deposition. Furthermore, a significantly higher in vitro release (p > 0.05, ANOVA/Dunnett’s) was observed with the PEG and mPEG-co-polymers compared to PGA-co-PDL. In addition, these co-polymers have a good safety profile upon testing on human bronchial epithelial, 16HBE14o- cell lines. PMID:24227959

Injector having multiple fuel pegs

DOEpatents

Hadley, Mark Allan; Felling, David Kenton

2013-04-30

A fuel injector is provided, including a fuel injector body, a plurality of fuel vanes, and a plurality of fuel pegs. The injector body includes a manifold and an inlet. The manifold is configured for receiving fuel, and the inlet is configured for receiving air. The fuel vanes are located within the injector body and are positioned in a direction that is generally parallel with a longitudinal axis of the injector body to orient the air flowing from the inlet. The plurality of fuel pegs are fluidly connected to the manifold and are arranged within the plurality of fuel vanes. The plurality of fuel pegs are each spaced at a distance that is about equal between each of the plurality of fuel pegs.

24 CFR 598.405 - Environmental review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Environmental review. 598.405 Section 598.405 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development...-Designation Requirements § 598.405 Environmental review. Where any EZ's strategic plan or any revision thereof...

24 CFR 598.405 - Environmental review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Environmental review. 598.405 Section 598.405 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development...-Designation Requirements § 598.405 Environmental review. Where any EZ's strategic plan or any revision thereof...

24 CFR 598.405 - Environmental review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Environmental review. 598.405 Section 598.405 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development...-Designation Requirements § 598.405 Environmental review. Where any EZ's strategic plan or any revision thereof...

7 CFR 3052.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Management decision. 3052.405 Section 3052.405... and Pass-Through Entities § 3052.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

7 CFR 3052.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Management decision. 3052.405 Section 3052.405... and Pass-Through Entities § 3052.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

7 CFR 3052.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Management decision. 3052.405 Section 3052.405... and Pass-Through Entities § 3052.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

48 CFR 9904.405-30 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-30 Definitions. (a) The following are definitions of terms... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 9904.405-30 Section 9904.405-30 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF...

34 CFR 82.405 - Penalty procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Penalty procedures. 82.405 Section 82.405 Education Office of the Secretary, Department of Education NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement § 82.405 Penalty procedures. Agencies shall impose and collect civil penalties pursuant to the...

31 CFR 405.1 - Illustrations authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Illustrations authorized. 405.1 Section 405.1 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) SECRET SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ILLUSTRATION OF SAVINGS BONDS § 405.1 Illustrations authorized. (a...

31 CFR 405.1 - Illustrations authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Illustrations authorized. 405.1 Section 405.1 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) SECRET SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ILLUSTRATION OF SAVINGS BONDS § 405.1 Illustrations authorized. (a...

31 CFR 405.1 - Illustrations authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Illustrations authorized. 405.1 Section 405.1 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) SECRET SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ILLUSTRATION OF SAVINGS BONDS § 405.1 Illustrations authorized. (a...

31 CFR 405.1 - Illustrations authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Illustrations authorized. 405.1 Section 405.1 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) SECRET SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ILLUSTRATION OF SAVINGS BONDS § 405.1 Illustrations authorized. (a...

31 CFR 405.1 - Illustrations authorized.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Illustrations authorized. 405.1 Section 405.1 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) SECRET SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY ILLUSTRATION OF SAVINGS BONDS § 405.1 Illustrations authorized. (a...

7 CFR 3052.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Management decision. 3052.405 Section 3052.405... and Pass-Through Entities § 3052.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

21 CFR 173.405 - Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. 173.405 Section 173.405 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... § 173.405 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (CAS No. 25155-30-0) may be...

5 CFR 351.405 - Demoted employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Demoted employees. 351.405 Section 351.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS REDUCTION IN FORCE Scope of Competition § 351.405 Demoted employees. An employee who has received a written decision...

5 CFR 351.405 - Demoted employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Demoted employees. 351.405 Section 351.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS REDUCTION IN FORCE Scope of Competition § 351.405 Demoted employees. An employee who has received a written decision...

5 CFR 351.405 - Demoted employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Demoted employees. 351.405 Section 351.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS REDUCTION IN FORCE Scope of Competition § 351.405 Demoted employees. An employee who has received a written decision...

5 CFR 351.405 - Demoted employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Demoted employees. 351.405 Section 351.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS REDUCTION IN FORCE Scope of Competition § 351.405 Demoted employees. An employee who has received a written decision...

5 CFR 351.405 - Demoted employees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Demoted employees. 351.405 Section 351.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS REDUCTION IN FORCE Scope of Competition § 351.405 Demoted employees. An employee who has received a written decision...

20 CFR 405.501 - Judicial review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Judicial review. 405.501 Section 405.501 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Judicial Review § 405.501 Judicial review. You may file an action in a Federal district...

31 CFR 551.405 - Setoffs prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Setoffs prohibited. 551.405 Section 551.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY SOMALIA SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 551.405...

Guide to resource breakdown structure (RBS) [Release 3.1, updated April 2003

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2003-04-01

The Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS) is a standardized list of personnel resources related by function and arranged in a hierarchical structure. The Resource Breakdown Structure standardizes the Departments personnel resources to facilitate plannin...

20 CFR 654.405 - Water supply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Water supply. 654.405 Section 654.405... THE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SYSTEM Housing for Agricultural Workers Housing Standards § 654.405 Water supply. (a) An adequate and convenient supply of water that meets the standards of the State health...

28 CFR 115.405 - Audit appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Audit appeals. 115.405 Section 115.405 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Auditing and Corrective Action § 115.405 Audit appeals. (a) An agency may lodge an appeal with the...

28 CFR 115.405 - Audit appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Audit appeals. 115.405 Section 115.405 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Auditing and Corrective Action § 115.405 Audit appeals. (a) An agency may lodge an appeal with the...

28 CFR 115.405 - Audit appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Audit appeals. 115.405 Section 115.405 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) PRISON RAPE ELIMINATION ACT NATIONAL STANDARDS Auditing and Corrective Action § 115.405 Audit appeals. (a) An agency may lodge an appeal with the...

20 CFR 654.405 - Water supply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Water supply. 654.405 Section 654.405... THE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SYSTEM Housing for Agricultural Workers Housing Standards § 654.405 Water supply. (a) An adequate and convenient supply of water that meets the standards of the State health...

23 CFR 650.405 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Eligible projects. 650.405 Section 650.405 Highways..., STRUCTURES, AND HYDRAULICS Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program § 650.405 Eligible projects... rehabilitation. (b) Types of projects which are eligible. The following types of work are eligible for...

20 CFR 654.405 - Water supply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Water supply. 654.405 Section 654.405... THE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SYSTEM Housing for Agricultural Workers Housing Standards § 654.405 Water supply. (a) An adequate and convenient supply of water that meets the standards of the State health...

20 CFR 654.405 - Water supply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Water supply. 654.405 Section 654.405... THE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SYSTEM Housing for Agricultural Workers Housing Standards § 654.405 Water supply. (a) An adequate and convenient supply of water that meets the standards of the State health...

20 CFR 654.405 - Water supply.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Water supply. 654.405 Section 654.405... THE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE SYSTEM Housing for Agricultural Workers Housing Standards § 654.405 Water supply. (a) An adequate and convenient supply of water that meets the standards of the State health...

23 CFR 650.405 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Eligible projects. 650.405 Section 650.405 Highways..., STRUCTURES, AND HYDRAULICS Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program § 650.405 Eligible projects... rehabilitation. (b) Types of projects which are eligible. The following types of work are eligible for...

23 CFR 650.405 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Eligible projects. 650.405 Section 650.405 Highways..., STRUCTURES, AND HYDRAULICS Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program § 650.405 Eligible projects... rehabilitation. (b) Types of projects which are eligible. The following types of work are eligible for...

23 CFR 650.405 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Eligible projects. 650.405 Section 650.405 Highways..., STRUCTURES, AND HYDRAULICS Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program § 650.405 Eligible projects... rehabilitation. (b) Types of projects which are eligible. The following types of work are eligible for...

23 CFR 650.405 - Eligible projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Eligible projects. 650.405 Section 650.405 Highways..., STRUCTURES, AND HYDRAULICS Highway Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program § 650.405 Eligible projects... rehabilitation. (b) Types of projects which are eligible. The following types of work are eligible for...

Same-day 2-L PEG-citrate-simethicone plus bisacodyl vs split 4-L PEG: Bowel cleansing for late-morning colonoscopy

PubMed Central

de Leone, Annalisa; Tamayo, Darina; Fiori, Giancarla; Ravizza, Davide; Trovato, Cristina; De Roberto, Giuseppe; Fazzini, Linda; Dal Fante, Marco; Crosta, Cristiano

2013-01-01

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability, acceptability and feasibility of bisacodyl plus low volume polyethyleneglycol-citrate-simeticone (2-L PEG-CS) taken the same day as compared with conventional split-dose 4-L PEG for late morning colonoscopy. METHODS: Randomised, observer-blind, parallel group, comparative trial carried out in 2 centres. Out patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 85 years, undergoing colonoscopy for diagnostic investigation, colorectal cancer screening or follow-up were eligible. The PEG-CS group received 3 bisacodyl tablets (4 tablets for patients with constipation) at bedtime and 2-L PEG-CS in the morning starting 5 h before colonoscopy. The control group received a conventional 4-L PEG formulation given as split regimen; the morning dose was taken with the same schedule of the low volume preparation. The Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS) score was used as the main outcome measure. RESULTS: A total of 164 subjects were enrolled and 154 completed the study; 78 in the PEG-CS group and 76 in the split 4-L PEG group. The two groups were comparable at baseline. The OBPS score in the PEG-CS group (3.09 ± 2.40) and in the PEG group (2.39 ± 2.55) were equivalent (difference +0.70; 95%CI: -0.09-1.48). This was confirmed by the rate of successful bowel cleansing in the PEG-CS group (89.7%) and in the PEG group (92.1%) (difference -2.4%; 95%CI: -11.40- 6.70). PEG-CS was superior in terms of mucosa visibility compared to PEG (85.7% vs 72.4%, P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in caecum intubation rate, time to reach the caecum and withdrawal time between the two groups. The adenoma detection rate was similar (PEG-CS 43.6% vs PEG 44.7%). No serious adverse events occurred. No difference was found in tolerability of the bowel preparations. Compliance was equal in both groups: more than 90% of subjects drunk the whole solution. Willingness to repeat the same bowel preparations was about 90% for both regimes. CONCLUSION: Same

Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles mPEG350- and mPEG2000-coated: cell uptake and biocompatibility evaluation.

PubMed

Silva, Adny H; Lima, Enio; Mansilla, Marcelo Vasquez; Zysler, Roberto D; Troiani, Horacio; Pisciotti, Mary Luz Mojica; Locatelli, Claudriana; Benech, Juan C; Oddone, Natalia; Zoldan, Vinícius C; Winter, Evelyn; Pasa, André A; Creczynski-Pasa, Tânia B

2016-05-01

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of an organometallic precursor at high temperature and coated with a bi-layer composed of oleic acid and methoxy-polyethylene glycol-phospholipid. The formulations were named SPION-PEG350 and SPION-PEG2000. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements show that the SPIONs are near-spherical, well-crystalline, and have high saturation magnetization and susceptibility. FTIR spectroscopy identifies the presence of oleic acid and of the conjugates mPEG for each sample. In vitro biocompatibility of SPIONS was investigated using three cell lines; up to 100μg/ml SPION-PEG350 showed non-toxicity, while SPION-PEG2000 showed no signal of toxicity even up to 200μg/ml. The uptake of SPIONS was detected using magnetization measurement, confocal and atomic force microscopy. SPION-PEG2000 presented the highest internalization capacity, which should be correlated with the mPEG chain size. The in vivo results suggested that SPION-PEG2000 administration in mice triggered liver and kidney injury. The potential use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) in the clinical setting have been studied by many researchers. The authors synthesized two types of SPIONS here and investigated the physical properties and biological compatibility. The findings should provide more data on the design of SPIONS for clinical application in the future. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Study of SiRNA-loaded PS-mPEG/CaP nanospheres on lung cancer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Qi; Qin, Liubin; Sun, Ying; Shen, Ming; Duan, Yourong

2014-05-01

An ultrasound-adsorption method was used to prepare Bcl-2-SiRNA-loaded PS-mPEG/CaP nanospheres. The size and zeta potential were 18.41 ± 4.31 nm ( n = 5) and -23.5 ± 0.6 mV, respectively. The entrapment efficiency of SiRNA was 92.86 %. MTT assay results confirmed that the blank nanospheres demonstrated a negligible cytotoxicity response in H1299 cells. Flow cytometer analysis results demonstrated that PS-mPEG/CaP NSs could carry SiRNA into the cells effectively. RT-PCR experiments and apoptosis assay results approved that, compared with free SiRNA, SiRNA-loaded PS-mPEG/CaP NSs could silence Bcl-2 gene and induce cell apoptosis effectively. In vivo distribution results confirmed PS-mPEG/CaP NSs could carry SiRNA enter the tumor tissue effectively. Taken together, these results suggest that the Bcl-2-SiRNA-loaded PS-mPEG/CaP nanospheres have great potential to be used to cure lung cancer.

29 CFR 99.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Management decision. 99.405 Section 99.405 Labor Office of... Agencies and Pass-through Entities § 99.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

29 CFR 99.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Management decision. 99.405 Section 99.405 Labor Office of... Agencies and Pass-through Entities § 99.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

29 CFR 99.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Management decision. 99.405 Section 99.405 Labor Office of... Agencies and Pass-through Entities § 99.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

29 CFR 99.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2014-07-01 2013-07-01 true Management decision. 99.405 Section 99.405 Labor Office of... Agencies and Pass-through Entities § 99.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

46 CFR 182.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 182.405 Section 182.405 Shipping...) MACHINERY INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 182.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on...

46 CFR 182.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 182.405 Section 182.405 Shipping...) MACHINERY INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 182.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on...

46 CFR 182.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 182.405 Section 182.405 Shipping...) MACHINERY INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 182.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on...

46 CFR 182.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 182.405 Section 182.405 Shipping...) MACHINERY INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 182.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on...

46 CFR 182.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 7 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 182.405 Section 182.405 Shipping...) MACHINERY INSTALLATION Specific Machinery Requirements § 182.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline, as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on...

12 CFR 411.405 - Penalty procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Penalty procedures. 411.405 Section 411.405 Banks and Banking EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement § 411.405 Penalty procedures. Agencies shall impose and collect civil penalties pursuant to the...

46 CFR 28.405 - Hydraulic equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... than four times the system maximum operating pressure. (c) Each hydraulic system must be equipped with... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Hydraulic equipment. 28.405 Section 28.405 Shipping... Operate With More Than 16 Individuals on Board § 28.405 Hydraulic equipment. (a) Each hydraulic system...

46 CFR 28.405 - Hydraulic equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... than four times the system maximum operating pressure. (c) Each hydraulic system must be equipped with... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Hydraulic equipment. 28.405 Section 28.405 Shipping... Operate With More Than 16 Individuals on Board § 28.405 Hydraulic equipment. (a) Each hydraulic system...

46 CFR 28.405 - Hydraulic equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... than four times the system maximum operating pressure. (c) Each hydraulic system must be equipped with... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Hydraulic equipment. 28.405 Section 28.405 Shipping... Operate With More Than 16 Individuals on Board § 28.405 Hydraulic equipment. (a) Each hydraulic system...

46 CFR 28.405 - Hydraulic equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... than four times the system maximum operating pressure. (c) Each hydraulic system must be equipped with... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Hydraulic equipment. 28.405 Section 28.405 Shipping... Operate With More Than 16 Individuals on Board § 28.405 Hydraulic equipment. (a) Each hydraulic system...

46 CFR 28.405 - Hydraulic equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... than four times the system maximum operating pressure. (c) Each hydraulic system must be equipped with... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Hydraulic equipment. 28.405 Section 28.405 Shipping... Operate With More Than 16 Individuals on Board § 28.405 Hydraulic equipment. (a) Each hydraulic system...

29 CFR 99.405 - Management decision.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Management decision. 99.405 Section 99.405 Labor Office of... Agencies and Pass-through Entities § 99.405 Management decision. (a) General. The management decision shall... the management decision, the Federal agency or pass-through entity may request additional information...

20 CFR 405.351 - Closing statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Closing statements. 405.351 Section 405.351... DISABILITY CLAIMS Administrative Law Judge Hearing § 405.351 Closing statements. You or your representative may present a closing statement to the administrative law judge— (a) Orally at the end of the hearing...

Lubiprostone plus PEG electrolytes versus placebo plus PEG electrolytes for outpatient colonoscopy preparation: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

PubMed

Sofi, Aijaz A; Nawras, Ali T; Pai, Chetan; Samuels, Qiana; Silverman, Ann L

2015-01-01

Bowel preparation using large volume of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions is often poorly tolerated. Therefore, there are ongoing efforts to develop an alternative bowel cleansing regimen that should be equally effective and better tolerated. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of lubiprostone (versus placebo) plus PEG as a bowel cleansing preparation for colonoscopy. Our study was a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design. Patients scheduled for screening colonoscopy were randomized 1:1 to lubiprostone (group 1) or placebo (group 2) plus 1 gallon of PEG. The primary endpoints were patient's tolerability and endoscopist's evaluation of the preparation quality. The secondary endpoint was to determine any reduction in the amount of PEG consumed in the lubiprostone group compared with the placebo group. One hundred twenty-three patients completed the study and were included in the analysis. There was no difference in overall cleanliness. The volume of PEG was similar in both the groups. The volume of PEG approached significance as a predictor of improved score for both the groups (P = 0.054). Lubiprostone plus PEG was similar to placebo plus PEG in colon cleansing and volume of PEG consumed. The volume of PEG consumed showed a trend toward improving the quality of the colon cleansing.

MAPLE deposition of PLGA:PEG films for controlled drug delivery: Influence of PEG molecular weight

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paun, Irina Alexandra; Moldovan, Antoniu; Luculescu, Catalin Romeo; Staicu, Angela; Dinescu, Maria

2012-09-01

Implantable devices consisting of indomethacin (INC) cores coated with poly(lactide-co-glycolide):polyethylene glycol films (i.e. PLGA:PEG films) deposited by Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) were produced. To predict their behavior after implantation inside the body, the implants were studied in vitro, in media similar with those encountered inside the body (phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4 and blood). The influence of the molecular weight of PEG (i.e. low (1450 Da) versus high (10 kDa) molecular weights) on the characteristics of the implants was investigated, in terms of morphology, blood compatibility and kinetics of the drug release. The use of PEG of high molecular weight resulted in larger pores on the implants surfaces, enhanced blood compatibility of the implants and higher drug delivery rates. For both molecular weights PEGs, sustained release of INC was maintained over a three weeks interval. Theoretical fitting of the drug release data with Higuchi's model indicated that the INC was released mainly by diffusion, most probably through the pores formed in PLGA:PEG films during PBS immersion.

10 CFR 431.405 - Exported equipment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Exported equipment. 431.405 Section 431.405 Energy... EQUIPMENT General Provisions § 431.405 Exported equipment. Under Sections 330 and 345 of the Act, this Part... for export from the United States (or such equipment was imported for export), unless such equipment...

PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles of cisplatin: in vitro nanoparticle degradation, in vitro drug release and in vivo drug residence in blood properties.

PubMed

Avgoustakis, K; Beletsi, A; Panagi, Z; Klepetsanis, P; Karydas, A G; Ithakissios, D S

2002-02-19

The in vitro nanoparticle degradation, in vitro drug release and in vivo drug residence in blood properties of PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles of cisplatin were investigated. The nanoparticles were prepared by a double emulsion method and characterized with regard to their morphology, size, zeta potential and drug loading. The rate of in vitro degradation of the PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles in PBS (pH 7.4) depended on their composition, increasing when the mPEG content (mPEG:PLGA ratio) of the nanoparticles increased. Sustained cisplatin release over several hours from the PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles in vitro (PBS) was observed. The composition of the nanoparticles affected drug release: the rate of release increased when the mPEG content of the nanoparticles increased. Within the range of drug loadings investigated, the drug loading of the nanoparticles did not have any significant effect on drug release. The loading efficiency was low and needs improvement in order to obtain PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles with a satisfactory cisplatin content for therapeutic application. The i.v. administration of PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles of cisplatin in BALB/c mice resulted in prolonged cisplatin residence in systemic blood circulation. The results appear to justify further investigation of the suitability of the PLGA-mPEG nanoparticles for the controlled i.v. delivery and/or targeting of cisplatin.

Treatment with mPEG-SPA improves the survival of corneal grafts in rats by immune camouflage.

PubMed

Wang, Shuangyong; Li, Liangliang; Liu, Ying; Li, Chaoyang; Zhang, Min; Wang, Bowen; Huang, Zheqian; Gao, Xinbo; Wang, Zhichong

2015-03-01

We investigated the immune camouflage effects of methoxy polyethylene glycol succinimidyl propionate (mPEG-SPA) on corneal antigens and explored a novel approach for reducing corneal antigenicity, thereby decreasing corneal graft rejection. Importantly, this approach did not alter normal local immunity. Corneal grafts were treated with mPEG-SPA 5KD or 20KD (3% W/V), which could shield major histocompatibility antigen class I molecules (RT1-A) of corneal grafts. Skin grafts of Wistar rats were transplanted to SD rats. Then the splenic lymphocytes were isolated from SD rats. Subsequently, the lymphocytes were co-cultured with autologous corneal grafts or untreated corneal grafts and PEGylated grafts treated with mPEG-SPA 5KD or 20KD obtained from the counterpart skin donors, which were used as autologous control, allogeneic control, mPEG-SPA 5KD group and mPEG-SPA 20KD group, respectively. Lymphocyte proliferation was lower in mPEG-SPA 5KD group and mPEG-SPA 20KD group than in the allogeneic control. SD rats with corneal neovascularisation were used as recipients for high-risk corneal transplantation and were randomly divided into four groups: autologous control, allogeneic control, mPEG-SPA 5KD group and mPEG-SPA 20KD group. The recipients received corneal grafts from Wistar rats. Corneal graft survival was prolonged and graft rejection was reduced in the mPEG-SPA 5KD group and the mPEG-SPA 20KD group compared to the allogeneic control. Thus, we think that mPEG-SPA could immunologically camouflage corneal antigens to prolong corneal grafts survival in high-risk transplantation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solid freeform fabrication and in-vitro response of osteoblast cells of mPEG-PCL-mPEG bone scaffolds.

PubMed

Jiang, Cho-Pei; Chen, Yo-Yu; Hsieh, Ming-Fa; Lee, Hung-Maan

2013-04-01

Bone tissue engineering is an emerging approach to provide viable substitutes for bone regeneration. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a good candidate of bone scaffold because of several advantages such as hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and intrinsic resistance to protein adsorption and cell adhesion. However, its low compressive strength limits application for bone regeneration. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), a hydrophobic nonionic polymer, is adopted to enhance the compressive strength of PEG alone.We aimed to investigate the in-vitro response of osteoblast-like cells cultured with porous scaffolds of triblock PEG-PCL-PEG copolymer fabricated by an air pressure-aided deposition system. A desktop air pressure-aided deposition system that involves melting and plotting PEG-PCL-PEG was used to fabricate three-dimensional scaffolds having rectangular pores. The experimental results showed that PEG-PCL-PEG with a molecular weight of 25,000 can be melted and stably deposited through a heating nozzle at an air pressure of 0.3 MPa and no crack occurs after it solidifies. The scaffolds with pre-determined pore size of 400× 420 μm and a porosity of 79 % were fabricated, and their average compressive strength was found to be 18.2 MPa. Osteoblast-like cells, MC3T3-E1, were seeded on fabricated scaffolds to investigate the in-vitro response of cells including toxicity and cellular locomotion. In a culture period of 28 days, the neutral-red stained osteoblasts were found to well distributed in the interior of the scaffold. Furthermore, the cellular attachment and movement in the first 10 h of cell culture were observed with time-lapse microscopy indicating that the porous PEG-PCL-PEG scaffolds fabricated by air pressure-aided deposition system is non-toxicity for osteoblast-like cells.

46 CFR 119.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 119.405 Section 119.405 Shipping... Machinery Requirements § 119.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of a fuel, other than diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine, except gasoline when used as a fuel for outboard motors as...

46 CFR 119.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 119.405 Section 119.405 Shipping... Machinery Requirements § 119.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of a fuel, other than diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine, except gasoline when used as a fuel for outboard motors as...

46 CFR 119.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 119.405 Section 119.405 Shipping... Machinery Requirements § 119.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of a fuel, other than diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine, except gasoline when used as a fuel for outboard motors as...

46 CFR 119.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 119.405 Section 119.405 Shipping... Machinery Requirements § 119.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of a fuel, other than diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine, except gasoline when used as a fuel for outboard motors as...

46 CFR 119.405 - Fuel restrictions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Fuel restrictions. 119.405 Section 119.405 Shipping... Machinery Requirements § 119.405 Fuel restrictions. The use of a fuel, other than diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine, except gasoline when used as a fuel for outboard motors as...

Optimization of PEG-based extraction of polysaccharides from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. and bioactivity study.

PubMed

Zhang, Yi; Wang, Hongxin; Wang, Peng; Ma, ChaoYang; He, GuoHua; Rahman, Md Ramim Tanver

2016-11-01

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a green solvent was employed to extract polysaccharide. The optimal conditions for PEG-based ultrasonic extraction of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. polysaccharide (JCP) were determined by response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions: extraction temperature of 58.5°C; ultrasound power of 193W, and the concentration of polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) solution of 45%, the highest JCP yield was obtained as 15.23±0.57%, which was close to the predicted yield, 15.57%. UV and FT-IR analysis revealed the general characteristic absorption peaks of both JCP with water extraction (JCP w ) and PEG-200 solvent extraction (JCP p ). Thermal analysis of both JCPs was performed with Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Antioxidant activities of two polysaccharides were also compared and no significant difference in vitro was obtained. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Raman scattering studies on PEG functionalized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamini, D.; Devanand Venkatasubbu, G.; Kumar, J.; Ramakrishnan, V.

2014-01-01

The pure hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by wet chemical precipitation method. Raman spectral measurements have been made for pure HAP, pure Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and PEG coated HAP in different mass ratios (sample 1, sample 2 and sample 3). The peaks observed in Raman spectrum of pure HAP and the XRD pattern have confirmed the formation of HAP NPs. Vibrational modes have been assigned for pure HAP and pure PEG 6000. The observed variation in peak position of Raman active vibrational modes of PEG in PEG coated HAP has been elucidated in this work, in terms of intermolecular interactions between PEG and HAP. Further these results suggest that the functionalization of nanoparticles may be independent of PEG mass.

RBS/Channeling Studies of Swift Heavy Ion Irradiated GaN Layers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sathish, N.; Dhamodaran, S.; Pathak, A. P.

2009-03-10

Epitaxial GaN layers grown by MOCVD on c-plane sapphire substrates were irradiated with 150 MeV Ag ions at a fluence of 5x10{sup 12} ions/cm{sup 2}. Samples used in this study are 2 {mu}m thick GaN layers, with and without a thin AlN cap-layer. Energy dependent RBS/Channeling measurements have been carried out on both irradiated and unirradiated samples for defects characterization. Observed results are compared and correlated with previous HRXRD, AFM and optical studies. The {chi}{sub min} values for unirradiated samples show very high value and the calculated defect densities are of the order of 10{sup 10} cm{sup -2} as expectedmore » in these samples. Effects of irradiation on these samples are different as initial samples had different defect densities. Epitaxial reconstruction of GaN buffer layer has been attributed to the observed changes, which are generally grown to reduce the strain between GaN and Sapphire.« less

Pharmacokinetic analysis of multi PEG-theophylline conjugates.

PubMed

Grassi, Mario; Bonora, Gian Maria; Drioli, Sara; Cateni, Francesca; Zacchigna, Marina

2012-10-01

In the attempt of prolonging the effect of drugs, a new branched, high-molecular weight multimeric poly(ethylene glycol) (MultiPEG), synthesized with a simple assembling procedure that devised the introduction of functional groups with divergent and selective reactivity, was employed as drug carrier. In particular, the attention was focused on the study of theophylline (THEO) and THEO-MultiPEG conjugates pharmacokinetic after oral administration in rabbit. Pharmacokinetic behavior was studied according to an ad hoc developed mathematical model accounting for THEO-MultiPEG in vivo absorption and decomposition into drug (THEO) and carrier (MultiPEG). The branched high-molecular weight MultiPEG proved to be a reliable drug delivery system able to prolong theophylline staying in the blood after oral administration of a THEO-MultiPEG solution. The analysis of experimental data by means of the developed mathematical model revealed that the prolongation of THEO effect was essentially due to the low THEO-MultiPEG permeability in comparison to that of pure THEO. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Xingnaojing mPEG2000-PLA modified microemulsion for transnasal delivery: pharmacokinetic and brain-targeting evaluation.

PubMed

Wen, Ran; Zhang, Qing; Xu, Pan; Bai, Jie; Li, Pengyue; Du, Shouying; Lu, Yang

2016-01-01

Xingnaojing microemulsion (XNJ-M) administered intranasally is used for stroke treatment. In order to decrease the XNJ-M-induced mucosal irritation, XNJ-M modified by mPEG2000-PLA (XNJ-MM) were prepared in a previous work. The present work aimed to assess the impact of mPEG2000-PLA on pharmacokinetic features and brain-targeting ability of XNJ-M. The bioavailability and brain-target effects of borneol and geniposide in XNJ-M and XNJ-MM were compared in mice after intravenous (i.v.) and intranasal (i.n.) administrations. Gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed for the quantification of borneol and geniposide. Blood and brain samples were collected from mice at different time points after i.v. and i.n. treatments with borneol at 8.0 mg/kg, geniposide at 4.12 mg/kg. In addition, near-infrared fluorescence dye, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl indotricarbocyanine iodide was loaded into microemulsions to evaluate the brain-targeting ability of XNJ-M and XNJ-MM by near-infrared fluorescence imaging in vivo and ex vivo. For XNJ-M and XNJ-MM, the relative brain targeted coefficients (Re) were 134.59% and 198.09% (borneol), 89.70% and 188.33% (geniposide), respectively. Besides, significant near-infrared fluorescent signal was detected in the brain after i.n. administration of microemulsions, compared with that of groups for i.v. administration. These findings indicated that mPEG2000-PLA modified microemulsion improved drug entry into blood and brain compared with normal microemulsion: the introduction of mPEG2000-PLA in microemulsion resulted in brain-targeting enhancement of both fat-soluble and water-soluble drugs. These findings provide a basis for the significance of mPEG2000-PLA addition in microemulsion, defining its effects on the drugs in microemulsion.

δ Scuti-type pulsation in the hot component of the Algol-type binary system BG Peg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Şenyüz, T.; Soydugan, E.

2014-02-01

In this study, 23 Algol-type binary systems, which were selected as candidate binaries with pulsating components, were observed at the Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Observatory. One of these systems was BG Peg. Its hotter component shows δ Scuti-type light variations. Physical parameters of BG Peg were derived from modelling the V light curve using the Wilson-Devinney code. The frequency analysis shows that the pulsational component of the BG Peg system pulsates in two modes with periods of 0.039 and 0.047 d. Mode identification indicates that both modes are most likely non-radial l = 2 modes.

Characterization, efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of 5kDa mPEG modified tetrameric canine uricase variant.

PubMed

Zhang, Chun; Fan, Kai; Luo, Hua; Ma, Xuefeng; Liu, Riyong; Yang, Li; Hu, Chunlan; Chen, Zhenmin; Min, Zhiqiang; Wei, Dongzhi

2012-07-01

PEGylated uricase is a promising anti-gout drug, but the only commercially marketed 10kDa mPEG modified porcine-like uricase (Pegloticase) can only be used for intravenous infusion. In this study, tetrameric canine uricase variant was modified by covalent conjugation of all accessible ɛ amino sites of lysine residues with a smaller 5kDa mPEG (mPEG-UHC). The average modification degree and PEGylation homogeneity were evaluated. Approximately 9.4 5 kDa mPEG chains were coupled to each monomeric uricase and the main conjugates contained 7-11 mPEG chains per subunit. mPEG-UHC showed significantly therapeutic or preventive effect on uric acid nephropathy and acute urate arthritis based on three different animal models. The clearance rate from an intravenous injection of mPEG-UHC varied significantly between species, at 2.61 mL/h/kg for rats and 0.21 mL/h/kg for monkeys. The long elimination half-life of mPEG-UHC in non-human primate (191.48 h, intravenous injection) indicated the long-term effects in humans. Moreover, the acceptable bioavailability of mPEG-UHC after subcutaneous administration in monkeys (94.21%) suggested that subcutaneous injection may be regarded as a candidate administration route in clinical trails. Non-specific tissue distribution was observed after administration of (125)I-labeled mPEG-UHC in rats, and elimination by the kidneys into the urine is the primary excretion route. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

48 CFR 9904.405-61 - Interpretation. [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...] 9904.405-61 Section 9904.405-61 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-61 Interpretation. [Reserved] ...

Graphene oxide stabilized by PLA-PEG copolymers for the controlled delivery of paclitaxel.

PubMed

Angelopoulou, A; Voulgari, E; Diamanti, E K; Gournis, D; Avgoustakis, K

2015-06-01

-loaded composites exhibited cytotoxicity against A549 cancer cells which increased with incubation time, in conjunction with the increasing with time uptake of composites by the cancer cells. Graphene oxide aqueous dispersions were effectively stabilized by water-dispersible, biocompatible and biodegradable PLA-PEG copolymers. The graphene oxide/PLA-PEG composites exhibited satisfactory paclitaxel loading capacity and sustained in vitro drug release. The paclitaxel-loaded composites could enter the A549 cancer cells and exert cytotoxicity. The results justify further investigation of the suitability of PLA-PEG stabilized graphene oxide for the controlled delivery of paclitaxel. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical Interactions of Polyethylene Glycols (PEG) and Glycerol with Protein Functional Groups: Applications to PEG, Glycerol Effects on Protein Processes

PubMed Central

Knowles, DB; Shkel, Irina A; Phan, Noel M; Sternke, Matt; Lingeman, Emily; Cheng, Xian; Cheng, Lixue; O’Connor, Kevin; Record, M. Thomas

2015-01-01

Here we obtain the data needed to predict chemical interactions of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and glycerol with proteins and related organic compounds, and thereby interpret or predict chemical effects of PEGs on protein processes. To accomplish this we determine interactions of glycerol and tetraEG with >30 model compounds displaying the major C, N, and O functional groups of proteins. Analysis of these data yields coefficients (α-values) quantifying interactions of glycerol, tetraEG and PEG end (-CH2OH) and interior (-CH2OCH2-) groups with these groups, relative to interactions with water. TetraEG (strongly) and glycerol (weakly) interact favorably with aromatic C, amide N, and cationic N, but unfavorably with amide O, carboxylate O and salt ions. Strongly unfavorable O and salt anion interactions help make both small and large PEGs effective protein precipitants. Interactions of tetraEG and PEG interior groups with aliphatic C are quite favorable, while interactions of glycerol and PEG end groups with aliphatic C are not. Hence tetraEG and PEG 300 favor unfolding of the DNA-binding domain of lac repressor (lacDBD) while glycerol, di- and mono-ethylene glycol are stabilizers. Favorable interactions with aromatic and aliphatic C explain why PEG400 greatly increases the solubility of aromatic hydrocarbons and steroids. PEG400-steroid interactions are unusually favorable, presumably because of simultaneous interactions of multiple PEG interior groups with the fused ring system of the steroid. Using α-values reported here, chemical contributions to PEG m-values can be predicted or interpreted in terms of changes in water-accessible surface area (ΔASA), and separated from excluded volume effects. PMID:25962980

42 CFR 405.502 - Criteria for determining reasonable charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) of this section, in the case of services of assistants-at-surgery as defined in § 405.580 in teaching and non-teaching settings, charges that are not more than 16 percent of the prevailing charge in the... deficient payment amount. (v) The limit is either a specific dollar amount or is based on a special method...

48 CFR 2509.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Effect of listing. 2509.405 Section 2509.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ACQUISITION PLANNING CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 2509.405 Effect of listing. ...

48 CFR 223.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Procedures. 223.405 Section 223.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY...

48 CFR 223.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Procedures. 223.405 Section 223.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY...

48 CFR 223.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Procedures. 223.405 Section 223.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY...

Distribution and clearance of PEG-single-walled carbon nanotube cancer drug delivery vehicles in mice.

PubMed

Bhirde, Ashwin A; Patel, Sachin; Sousa, Alioscka A; Patel, Vyomesh; Molinolo, Alfredo A; Ji, Youngmi; Leapman, Richard D; Gutkind, J Silvio; Rusling, James F

2010-12-01

To study the distribution and clearance of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-ylated single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) as drug delivery vehicles for the anticancer drug cisplatin in mice. PEG layers were attached to SWCNTs and dispersed in aqueous media and characterized using dynamic light scattering, scanning transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro using Annexin-V assay, and the distribution and clearance pathways in mice were studied by histological staining and Raman spectroscopy. Efficacy of PEG-SWCNT-cisplatin for tumor growth inhibition was studied in mice. PEG-SWCNTs were efficiently dispersed in aqueous media compared with controls, and did not induce apoptosis in vitro. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Raman bands for SWCNTs in tissues from several vital organs from mice injected intravenously with nanotube bioconjugates revealed that control SWCNTs were lodged in lung tissue as large aggregates compared with the PEG-SWCNTs, which showed little or no accumulation. Characteristic SWCNT Raman bands in feces revealed the presence of bilary or renal excretion routes. Attachment of cisplatin on bioconjugates was visualized with Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. PEG-SWCNT-cisplatin with the attached targeting ligand EGF successfully inhibited growth of head and neck tumor xenografts in mice. PEG-SWCNTs, as opposed to control SWCNTs, form more highly dispersed delivery vehicles that, when loaded with both cisplatin and EGF, inhibit growth of squamous cell tumors.

48 CFR 423.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Procedures. 423.405 Section 423.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 423.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Procedures. 423.405 Section 423.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 423.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Procedures. 423.405 Section 423.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 423.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Procedures. 423.405 Section 423.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 423.405 - Procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Procedures. 423.405 Section 423.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 23.405 - Procedures

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Procedures 23.405 Section 23.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND WATER EFFICIENCY, RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY, AND DRUG-FREE...

48 CFR 9.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of listing. 9.405 Section 9.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION ACQUISITION PLANNING CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 9.405 Effect of listing. (a) Contractors...

48 CFR 2009.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Effect of listing. 2009.405 Section 2009.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION COMPETITION AND ACQUISITION PLANNING CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 2009.405 Effect of...

5 CFR 591.405 - Responsibilities of agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Responsibilities of agencies. 591.405 Section 591.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS ALLOWANCES AND DIFFERENTIALS Separate Maintenance Allowance for Duty at Johnston Island § 591.405...

48 CFR 809.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of listing. 809.405 Section 809.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS COMPETITION AND ACQUISITION PLANNING CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 809.405 Effect of...

48 CFR 2909.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of listing. 2909.405 Section 2909.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ACQUISITION PLANNING CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 2909.405 Effect of listing. (a...

In situ formation of leak-free polyethylene glycol (PEG) membranes in microfluidic fuel cells.

PubMed

Ho, W F; Lim, K M; Yang, K-L

2016-11-29

Membraneless microfluidic fuel cells operated under two co-laminar flows often face serious fuel cross-over problems, especially when flow rates are close to zero. In this study, we show that polyethylene glycol (PEG) monomers can be cross-linked inside microfluidic channels to form leak-free PEG membranes, which prevent mixing of two incompatible electrolyte solutions while allowing diffusion of certain molecules (e.g. glucose) and ions. By using PEG monomers of different molecular weights and cross-linking conditions, we are able to tailor selectivity of the membrane to allow passage of glucose while blocking larger molecules such as trypan blue. As a proof of principle, a microfluidic fuel cell with a PEG membrane and two incompatible electrolytes (acid and base) is demonstrated. Thanks to the leak-free nature of the PEG membrane, these two electrolytes do not mix together even at very slow flow rates. This microfluidic fuel cell is able to generate a voltage up to ∼450 mV from 10 mM of glucose with a flow rate of 20 μL min -1 . This microfluidic fuel cell is potentially useful as a miniature power source for many applications.

Suitability of polymer materials for production of pulmonary microparticles using a PGSS supercritical fluid technique: thermodynamic behaviour of fatty acids, PEGs and PEG-fatty acids.

PubMed

Vijayaraghavan, Meera; Stolnik, Snjezana; Howdle, Steven M; Illum, Lisbeth

2012-11-15

The thermodynamic behaviour of selected polymeric components for preparation of controlled release microparticles using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) processing was investigated. The polymeric materials selected were egg lecithin (a model for the lung surfactant phospholipid), poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) of different molecular weights, fatty acids (C18, C16, and C14), and physical blends of PEGs and fatty acids. In addition a range of PEG-stearates was also assessed. Analysis of thermodynamic behaviour was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and by assessment of their interaction with scCO(2) in a high-pressure variable volume view cell. The key criterion was to demonstrate a strong interaction with scCO(2) and to show liquefaction of the polymeric material at acceptable processing temperatures and pressures. Positive results should then indicate the suitability of these materials for processing by the Particle from Gas Saturated Solutions (PGSS) technique using scCO(2) to create microparticles for pulmonary administration. It was found that the materials tested interacted with scCO(2) and showed a sufficient lowering of their melting temperature (T(m)) to make them suitable for use in the PGSS microparticle production rig. Fatty acids of low T(m) were shown to act as a plasticising agent and to lower the T(m) of PEG further during interaction with scCO(2). Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Drop Printing of Pharmaceuticals: Effect of Molecular Weight on PEG Coated-Naproxen/PEG3350 Solid Dispersions

PubMed Central

Hsu, Hsin-Yun; Toth, Scott; Simpson, Garth J.; Harris, Michael T.

2016-01-01

Solid dispersions have been used to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, the solid state phase, compositional uniformity, and scale-up problems are issues that need to be addressed. To allow for highly controllable products, the Drop Printing (DP) technique can provide precise dosages and predictable compositional uniformity of APIs in two/three dimensional structures. In this study, DP was used to prepare naproxen (NAP)/polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG3350) solid dispersions with PEG coatings of different molecular weights (MW). A comparison of moisture-accelerated crystallization inhibition by different PEG coatings was assessed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were performed to characterize the morphology and quantify the apparent crystallinity of NAP within the solid dispersions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to measure the water content within each sample. The results suggest that the moisture-accelerated crystallization inhibition capability of the PEG coatings increased with increasing MW of the PEG coating. Besides, to demonstrate the flexibility of DP technology on manufacturing formulation, multilayer tablets with different PEG serving as barrier layers were also constructed, and their dissolution behavior was examined. By applying DP and appropriate materials, it is possible to design various carrier devices used to control the release dynamics of the API. PMID:27041744

Drop Printing of Pharmaceuticals: Effect of Molecular Weight on PEG Coated-Naproxen/PEG3350 Solid Dispersions.

PubMed

Hsu, Hsin-Yun; Toth, Scott; Simpson, Garth J; Harris, Michael T

2015-12-01

Solid dispersions have been used to enhance the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, the solid state phase, compositional uniformity, and scale-up problems are issues that need to be addressed. To allow for highly controllable products, the Drop Printing (DP) technique can provide precise dosages and predictable compositional uniformity of APIs in two/three dimensional structures. In this study, DP was used to prepare naproxen (NAP)/polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG3350) solid dispersions with PEG coatings of different molecular weights (MW). A comparison of moisture-accelerated crystallization inhibition by different PEG coatings was assessed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were performed to characterize the morphology and quantify the apparent crystallinity of NAP within the solid dispersions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to measure the water content within each sample. The results suggest that the moisture-accelerated crystallization inhibition capability of the PEG coatings increased with increasing MW of the PEG coating. Besides, to demonstrate the flexibility of DP technology on manufacturing formulation, multilayer tablets with different PEG serving as barrier layers were also constructed, and their dissolution behavior was examined. By applying DP and appropriate materials, it is possible to design various carrier devices used to control the release dynamics of the API.

Ultrasound enhances in vivo tumor expression of plasmid DNA by PEG-introduced cationized dextran.

PubMed

Hosseinkhani, Hossein; Tabata, Yasuhiko

2005-11-28

This study is an investigation to experimentally confirm whether or not ultrasound (US) irradiation is effective in enhancing the in vivo gene expression of plasmid DNA in tumor. Dextran was cationized by introducing spermine to the hydroxyl groups to allow to polyionically complex with a plasmid DNA. The cationized dextran prepared was additionally modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules which have an active ester and methoxy groups at each terminal, to obtain cationized dextran with different percentages of PEG introduced. Various cationized dextrans with or without PEG introduction were mixed with a plasmid DNA of LacZ to form cationized dextran-plasmid DNA complexes. Electrophoretical examination revealed that the plasmid DNA was complexed both with the cationized dextran and PEG-introduced cationized dextran, irrespective of the PEG introduction percentage, although the higher N/P ratio was needed for plasmid DNA complexation with the latter. By complexation with the cationized dextran, the zeta potential of plasmid DNA was changed to be positive. The charge of PEG-introduced cationized dextran-plasmid DNA complexes became close to 0 mV as their percentage of PEG introduced increased, although the molecular size was about 250 nm, irrespective of the PEG introduction. When cationized dextran-plasmid DNA complexes with or without PEG introduction were intravenously injected to mice carrying a subcutaneous Meth-AR-1 fibrosarcoma mass and the subsequent US irradiation to the tumor mass percutaneously, the PEG-introduced cationized dextran-plasmid DNA complex plus US irradiation enhanced the tumor level of gene expression to a significantly high extent compared with the cationized dextran-plasmid DNA complex and free plasmid DNA with or without US irradiation. The enhanced level depended on the time period and timing of US irradiation. Fluorescent microscopic studies revealed that the localization of plasmid DNA and the gene expression were observed in

48 CFR 2809.405 - Effect of listing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Effect of listing. 2809.405 Section 2809.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Competition and Acquisition Planning CONTRACTOR QUALIFICATIONS Debarment, Suspension, and Ineligibility 2809.405 Effect of listing. (a...

7 CFR 205.405 - Denial of certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... PROVISIONS NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM Certification § 205.405 Denial of certification. (a) When the certifying... organic program. (e) An applicant for certification who has received a written notification of... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Denial of certification. 205.405 Section 205.405...

46 CFR 308.405 - Form of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Form of application. 308.405 Section 308.405 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk Builder's Risk Insurance § 308.405 Form of application. Applications shall be submitted in duplicate and...

Formulation and characterization of biocompatible and stable I.V. itraconazole nanosuspensions stabilized by a new stabilizer polyethylene glycol-poly(β-Benzyl-l-aspartate) (PEG-PBLA).

PubMed

Zong, Lanlan; Li, Xiaohua; Wang, Haiyan; Cao, Yanping; Yin, Li; Li, Mengmeng; Wei, Zhihao; Chen, Dongxiao; Pu, Xiaohui; Han, Jihong

2017-10-05

Amphiphilic block copolymers, PEG-PBLA with different molecular weights, were synthesized and used as new stabilizers for Itraconazole nannosuspensions (ITZ-PBLA-Nanos). ITZ-PBLA-Nanos were prepared by the microprecipitation-high pressure homogenization method, and the particle size and zeta potential were measured using a ZetaSizer Nano-ZS90. Morphology and crystallinity were studied using TEM, DSC and powder X-ray. The effect of the PEG-to-PBLA ratio, and the drug-to-stabilizer ratio were investigated to obtain the optimal formulation. It was found that the optimal length of hydrophobic block was 25 BLA-NCA molecules and the optimal ratio of drug/stabilizer was 1:1, where the resulted average particle size of ITZ-PBLA-Nanos was 262.1±7.13nm with a PDI value of 0.163±0.011. The images of TEM suggest that ITZ-PBLA-Nanos were rectangular in shape. ITZ existed as crystals in the nanoparticles as suggested by the DSC and XRD results. Compared with the crude drug suspensions, the dissolution rate of ITZ nanocrystals, was significantly increased and was similar to Sporanox ® injection. The ITZ-PBLA-Nanos also demonstrated better dilution stability and storage stability compared with ITZ-F68-Nanos. The particle size of ITZ-PBLA-Nanos did not change significantly after incubated in rat plasma for 24h which is a good attribute for I.V. administration. Acute toxicity tests showed that ITZ-PBLA-Nanos has the highest LD 50 compared with ITZ-F68-Nanos and Sporanox ® injection. ITZ-PBLA-Nanos also showed stronger inhibiting effect on the growth of Candida albicans compared with Sporanox ® injection. Therefore, PEG-PBLA has a promising potential as a biocompatible stabilizer for ITZ nanosuspensions and potentially for other nanosuspensions as well. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

An efficient approach to integrated MeV ion imaging.

PubMed

Nikbakht, T; Kakuee, O; Solé, V A; Vosuoghi, Y; Lamehi-Rachti, M

2018-03-01

An ionoluminescence (IL) spectral imaging system, besides the common MeV ion imaging facilities such as µ-PIXE and µ-RBS, is implemented at the Van de Graaff laboratory of Tehran. A versatile processing software is required to handle the large amount of data concurrently collected in µ-IL and common MeV ion imaging measurements through the respective methodologies. The open-source freeware PyMca, with image processing and multivariate analysis capabilities, is employed to simultaneously process common MeV ion imaging and µ-IL data. Herein, the program was adapted to support the OM_DAQ listmode data format. The appropriate performance of the µ-IL data acquisition system is confirmed through a case study. Moreover, the capabilities of the software for simultaneous analysis of µ-PIXE and µ-RBS experimental data are presented. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

31 CFR 545.405 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false [Reserved] 545.405 Section 545.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY TALIBAN (AFGHANISTAN) SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations...

40 CFR 405.73 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 405.73 Section 405.73 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts Subcategory...

40 CFR 405.83 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.83 Section 405.83 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other Dairy Desserts...

40 CFR 405.73 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.73 Section 405.73 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts Subcategory...

40 CFR 405.73 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.73 Section 405.73 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts Subcategory...

40 CFR 405.73 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.73 Section 405.73 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts Subcategory...

40 CFR 405.83 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.83 Section 405.83 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other Dairy Desserts...

40 CFR 405.83 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.83 Section 405.83 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other Dairy Desserts...

40 CFR 405.83 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.83 Section 405.83 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other Dairy Desserts...

40 CFR 405.73 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true [Reserved] 405.73 Section 405.73 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts Subcategory...

40 CFR 405.83 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false [Reserved] 405.83 Section 405.83 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other Dairy Desserts...

RBS, TEM and SEM Characterization of Gold Nanoclusters in TiO2(110)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shutthanandan, V; Zhang, Yanwen; Wang, Chong M.

2004-05-01

Nucleation of gold nanoclusters in TiO2(110) single crystal using ion implantation and subsequent annealing were studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry /channeling (RBS/C), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Approximately 1000 Au2+/nm2 was implanted at room temperature in TiO2(110) substrates. TEM and SEM measurements revel that rounded nanoclusters were formed during the implantation. In contrast subsequent annealing in air for 10 hours at 1275 K promoted the formation of faceted (rectangular shaped) Au nano structures in TiO2. RBS channeling measurements further reveled that Au atoms randomly occupied in the host TiO2 lattice during the implantation. However, some ofmore » the gold atoms were moved into the Ti lattice position after annealing.« less

46 CFR 108.405 - Fire detection system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Fire detection system. 108.405 Section 108.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.405 Fire detection system. (a) Each fire detection system and...

46 CFR 108.405 - Fire detection system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Fire detection system. 108.405 Section 108.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.405 Fire detection system. (a) Each fire detection system and...

46 CFR 108.405 - Fire detection system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Fire detection system. 108.405 Section 108.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.405 Fire detection system. (a) Each fire detection system and...

46 CFR 108.405 - Fire detection system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Fire detection system. 108.405 Section 108.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) A-MOBILE OFFSHORE DRILLING UNITS DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.405 Fire detection system. (a) Each fire detection system and...

42 CFR 405.2446 - Scope of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... professional service, as specified in § 405.2413. (3) Nurse practitioner, physician assistant or certified nurse midwife services as specified in § 405.2414. (4) Services and supplies furnished as incident to a nurse practitioner, physician assistant, or certified nurse midwife service, as specified in § 405.2415...

31 CFR 537.405 - Provision of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Provision of services. 537.405 Section 537.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BURMESE SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 537.405...

42 CFR 405.2112 - ESRD network organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false ESRD network organizations. 405.2112 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2112 ESRD network organizations. CMS will designate an administrative governing body (network organization) for each network. The functions of a network organization...

42 CFR 405.2112 - ESRD network organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false ESRD network organizations. 405.2112 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2112 ESRD network organizations. CMS will designate an administrative governing body (network organization) for each network. The functions of a network organization...

42 CFR 405.2112 - ESRD network organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) Evaluating and resolving patient grievances. (h) Appointing a network council and a medical review board... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false ESRD network organizations. 405.2112 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2112 ESRD network organizations. CMS will designate an...

42 CFR 405.2112 - ESRD network organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) Evaluating and resolving patient grievances. (h) Appointing a network council and a medical review board... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false ESRD network organizations. 405.2112 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2112 ESRD network organizations. CMS will designate an...

42 CFR 405.2112 - ESRD network organizations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) Evaluating and resolving patient grievances. (h) Appointing a network council and a medical review board... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false ESRD network organizations. 405.2112 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2112 ESRD network organizations. CMS will designate an...

7 CFR 1416.405 - Availability of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Availability of funds. 1416.405 Section 1416.405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT... PROGRAMS Fruit and Vegetable Disaster Program § 1416.405 Availability of funds. (a) In the event that the...

The efficacy of nimodipine drug delivery using mPEG-PLA micelles and mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles.

PubMed

Huang, Shuling; Yu, Xiaohong; Yang, Linlin; Song, Fenglan; Chen, Gang; Lv, Zhufen; Li, Tiao; Chen, De; Zhu, Wanhua; Yu, Anan; Zhang, Yongming; Yang, Fan

2014-10-15

In order to develop and compare mPEG-PLA micelles and mPEG-PLA/TPGS mixed micelles, with the intention to develop a highly efficient formulation for nimodipine (NIM), NIM-loaded micelles and mixed micelles were made and their pharmacokinetics were studied. Single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were designed to optimize the final preparation process, characterizations and drug release behaviors were studied. Pharmacokinetics of NIM micelles, NIM mixed micelles were researched and were compared to NIM solution. Micelles and mixed micelles were prepared by solvent evaporation method, with relatively high drug loading efficiency and within nano-particle size range. The CMC value of mPEG-PLA was lower than that of mPEG-PLA/TPGS. The results of FTIR and TEM confirmed the spherical core-shell structure of micelles as well as mixed micelles, and the encapsulation of NIM inside the cores. In vitro release showed that micelles and mixed micelles had sustained release effect in the forms of passive diffusion and dissolution process, respectively. Following intraperitoneal administration (5mg/kg), micelles and mixed micelles were absorbed faster than solution, and with larger MRT(0-t), smaller CLz and larger AUC(0-t) as compared to that of solution, which showed micelles and mixed micelles had higher retention, slower elimination and higher bioavailability. This experiment also showed that mixed micelles released NIM more stably than micelles. By evaluate the bioequivalence, NIM micelles and NIM mixed micelles were testified non-bioequivalent to NIM solution. Micelles and mixed micelles could sustain the NIM concentrations more efficiently in plasma as compared to solution. Mixed micelles were the best ones since they had high loading content and released more stably. Thus, apprehending micelles and mixed micelles were suited as poor aqueous solubility drug carriers, and mixed micelles were better due to their high loading content and more stable release

Informed peg-in-hole insertion using optical sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paulos, Eric; Canny, John F.

1993-08-01

Peg-in-hole insertion is not only a longstanding problem in robotics but the most common automated mechanical assembly task. In this paper we present a high precision, self-calibrating peg-in-hole insertion strategy using several very simple, inexpensive, and accurate optical sensors. The self-calibrating feature allows us to achieve successful dead-reckoning insertions with tolerances of 25 microns without any accurate initial position information for the robot, pegs, or holes. The program we implemented works for any cylindrical peg, and the sensing steps do not depend on the peg diameter, which the program does not know. The key to the strategy is the use of a fixed sensor to localize both a mobile sensor and the peg, while the mobile sensor localizes the hole. Our strategy is extremely fast, localizing pegs as they are in route to their insertion location without pausing. The result is that insertion times are dominated by the transport time between pick and place operations.

42 CFR 405.1801 - Introduction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Introduction. 405.1801 Section 405.1801 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM....1801 Introduction. (a) Definitions. As used in this subpart: Administrator means the Administrator or...

23 CFR 635.405 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Applicability. 635.405 Section 635.405 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND... in this subpart apply to all contracts relating to Federal-aid highway projects. [69 FR 7119, Feb. 13...

23 CFR 635.405 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Applicability. 635.405 Section 635.405 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND... in this subpart apply to all contracts relating to Federal-aid highway projects. [69 FR 7119, Feb. 13...

23 CFR 635.405 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Applicability. 635.405 Section 635.405 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND... in this subpart apply to all contracts relating to Federal-aid highway projects. [69 FR 7119, Feb. 13...

23 CFR 635.405 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Applicability. 635.405 Section 635.405 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND... in this subpart apply to all contracts relating to Federal-aid highway projects. [69 FR 7119, Feb. 13...

23 CFR 635.405 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Applicability. 635.405 Section 635.405 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC OPERATIONS CONSTRUCTION AND... in this subpart apply to all contracts relating to Federal-aid highway projects. [69 FR 7119, Feb. 13...

36 CFR 1211.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Housing. 1211.405 Section 1211.405 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES..., listing, approval of housing, or otherwise, assists any agency, organization, or person in making housing...

36 CFR 1211.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Housing. 1211.405 Section 1211.405 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES..., listing, approval of housing, or otherwise, assists any agency, organization, or person in making housing...

36 CFR 1211.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Housing. 1211.405 Section 1211.405 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES..., listing, approval of housing, or otherwise, assists any agency, organization, or person in making housing...

36 CFR 1211.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Housing. 1211.405 Section 1211.405 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES..., listing, approval of housing, or otherwise, assists any agency, organization, or person in making housing...

24 CFR 4001.405 - Mortgagees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Mortgagees. 4001.405 Section 4001.405 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued) BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERS PROGRAM HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERS PROGRAM Enforcement Mortgagees...

20 CFR 405.332 - Subpoenas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Subpoenas. 405.332 Section 405.332 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY... them; (3) State the important facts that the witness or document is expected to show; and (4) Indicate...

20 CFR 405.217 - Subpoenas.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Subpoenas. 405.217 Section 405.217 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY...) Identify the documents with sufficient detail to find them; (2) State the important facts that the document...

42 CFR 405.2416 - Visiting nurse services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Visiting nurse services. 405.2416 Section 405.2416... Health Center Services § 405.2416 Visiting nurse services. (a) Visiting nurse services are covered if: (1... are furnished by a registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, or licensed vocational nurse who is...

12 CFR 263.405 - Petition for reinstatement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Petition for reinstatement. 263.405 Section 263.405 Banks and Banking FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM (CONTINUED) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE... Audit Services § 263.405 Petition for reinstatement. (a) Form of petition. Unless otherwise ordered by...

7 CFR 1280.405 - Books and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Books and records. 1280.405 Section 1280.405... INFORMATION ORDER Rules and Regulations § 1280.405 Books and records. (a) Each first handler, exporter of... by representatives of the Secretary, such books and records as are necessary to carry out the...

7 CFR 1280.405 - Books and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Books and records. 1280.405 Section 1280.405... INFORMATION ORDER Rules and Regulations § 1280.405 Books and records. (a) Each first handler, exporter of... by representatives of the Secretary, such books and records as are necessary to carry out the...

7 CFR 1280.405 - Books and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Books and records. 1280.405 Section 1280.405... INFORMATION ORDER Rules and Regulations § 1280.405 Books and records. (a) Each first handler, exporter of... by representatives of the Secretary, such books and records as are necessary to carry out the...

7 CFR 1280.405 - Books and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Books and records. 1280.405 Section 1280.405... INFORMATION ORDER Rules and Regulations § 1280.405 Books and records. (a) Each first handler, exporter of... by representatives of the Secretary, such books and records as are necessary to carry out the...

7 CFR 1280.405 - Books and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Books and records. 1280.405 Section 1280.405... INFORMATION ORDER Rules and Regulations § 1280.405 Books and records. (a) Each first handler, exporter of... by representatives of the Secretary, such books and records as are necessary to carry out the...

Very rare outburst of the symbiotic variable AG Peg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waagen, Elizabeth O.

2015-06-01

The symbiotic variable AG Peg is in outburst, the first one observed since its only known outburst, which occurred in 1860-1870. Currently at visual/V magnitude 7.2 (B=7.8), it is an excellent target for visual, PEP, CCD, and DSLR observers and spectroscopists. The current outburst began after 2015 May 27 UT (T. Markham, Leek, Staffordshire, England, from the BAAVSS online database) and was underway by June 13.90 (A. Kosa-Kiss, Salonta, Romania). AG Peg has a very interesting history. Regarding the 1860-1870 outburst, data collected by E. Zinner (Merrill, 1959, S&T, 18, 9, 490) show AG Peg slowly brightening from visual magnitude 9.2 in 1821 to 8.0 in 1855, then at 6.2 in 1860 and brightening to 6.0 in 1870, then in decline at 6.8 by 1903, and continuing to decline slowly ( 6.9 in 1907, 8.0 in 1920, 8.3 in 1940). Observations in the AAVSO International Database since July 1941 show that the decline has continued without interruption from an average magnitude of 7.7 to an average magnitude of 8.8-9.0 by mid-January 2015. The AAVSO data since 1941 also show the periodic 0.4-magnitude variations ( 825 days) that have been present since the 1920s. Thus, after taking about 10 years to brighten from its minimum magnitude of about 9 to its maximum magnitude of 6.0, and then fading gradually over 140-145 years, AG Peg is now in outburst again. There are no observations of the 1860-1870 outburst that show the outburst's beginning. This time, however, in 2015, the opportunity is here to follow the outburst itself closely and learn just what this system does during outburst. Observations in all bands and visual observations are strongly encouraged. AG Peg is bright enough to be a very good PEP target. For spectroscopists, AG Peg has an extremely complex spectrum that undergoes substantial changes and would make a very interesting target. Finder charts with sequence may be created using the AAVSO Variable Star Plotter (https://www.aavso.org/vsp). Observations should be

Safety Evaluation of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Compounds for Cosmetic Use

PubMed Central

Shin, Chan Young; Kim, Kyu-Bong

2015-01-01

Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are products of condensed ethylene oxide and water that can have various derivatives and functions. Since many PEG types are hydrophilic, they are favorably used as penetration enhancers, especially in topical dermatological preparations. PEGs, together with their typically nonionic derivatives, are broadly utilized in cosmetic products as surfactants, emulsifiers, cleansing agents, humectants, and skin conditioners. The compounds studied in this review include PEG/PPG-17/6 copolymer, PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil. Overall, much of the data available in this review are on PEGylated oils (PEG-40 and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oils), which were recommended as safe for use in cosmetics up to 100% concentration. Currently, PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate and PEGylated oils are considered safe for cosmetic use according to the results of relevant studies. Additionally, PEG/PPG-17/6 copolymer should be further studied to ensure its safety as a cosmetic ingredient. PMID:26191379

15 CFR 40.5 - Other cooperative arrangements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Other cooperative arrangements. 40.5 Section 40.5 Commerce and Foreign Trade Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade BUREAU OF THE... STATISTICS § 40.5 Other cooperative arrangements. The Bureau of the Census also undertakes the training of...

42 CFR 405.908 - Medicaid State agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Medicaid State agencies. 405.908 Section 405.908 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE..., Reconsiderations, and Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) § 405.908 Medicaid State agencies. When a...

42 CFR 405.2400 - Basis.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basis. 405.2400 Section 405.2400 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Rural Health Clinic and Federally Qualified Health Center...

42 CFR 405.2102 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 405.2102 Section 405.2102 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of End-Stage Renal...

42 CFR 405.2114 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2114 Section 405.2114 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of End-Stage Renal...

42 CFR 405.2114 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2114 Section 405.2114 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of End-Stage Renal...

42 CFR 405.2111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2111 Section 405.2111 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of End-Stage Renal...

42 CFR 405.370 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 405.370 Section 405.370 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Suspension of Payment, Recovery of Overpayments, and Repayment...

42 CFR 405.370 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Definitions. 405.370 Section 405.370 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Suspension of Payment, Recovery of Overpayments, and Repayment...

42 CFR 405.2111 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false [Reserved] 405.2111 Section 405.2111 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Conditions for Coverage of Suppliers of End-Stage Renal...

PEG-PLA-PEG block copolymeric nanoparticles for oral immunization against hepatitis B.

PubMed

Jain, Arvind K; Goyal, Amit K; Mishra, Neeraj; Vaidya, Bhuvaneshwar; Mangal, Sharad; Vyas, Suresh P

2010-03-15

PLA/PLGA nanoparticles are well known as efficient vaccine delivery systems, but they have got limitation in oral vaccine delivery because of their sensitivity to harsh gastric environment. The aim of present study was to improve the stability of PLA nanoparticles in such environment by copolymerizing PLA with PEG. Nanoparticles were formulated using different block copolymers AB, ABA and BAB (where 'A' is PLA and 'B' is PEG) encapsulating hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) to evaluate their efficacy as oral vaccine delivery system. The results of in vitro studies engrave the efficiency of copolymeric nanoparticles to retain encapsulated antigen and average particle size even after 2 h incubation in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid. Fluorescence microscopic studies indicated efficient uptake of copolymeric nanoparticles by gut mucosa of immunized mice model as compared to control. Finally copolymeric and PLA nanoparticles, encapsulating HBsAg, were evaluated for their adjuvancity in generating immune response after oral administration. PLA nanoparticles could not generate an effective immune response due to stability issues. On the other hand, oral administration of copolymeric nanoparticles exhibited effective levels of humoral immunity along with the mucosal (sIgA) and cellular immune response (T(H)1). The results of in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that BAB nanoparticles depict enhanced mucosal uptake leading to effective immune response as compared to other copolymeric nanoparticles. Present study indicates the efficacy of BAB nanoparticles as a promising carrier for oral immunization. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

High density load bearing insulation peg

DOEpatents

Nowobilski, Jeffert J.; Owens, William J.

1985-01-01

A high density peg which can support a large load and exhibits excellent thermal resistance produced by a method wherein the peg is made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure.

46 CFR 108.405 - Fire detection system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Fire detection system. 108.405 Section 108.405 Shipping... EQUIPMENT Fire Extinguishing Systems § 108.405 Fire detection system. (a) Each fire detection system and each smoke detection system on a unit must— (1) Be approved by the Commandant; and (2) Have a visual...

7 CFR 28.405 - Low Middling Color.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Low Middling Color. 28.405 Section 28.405 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Color Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.405 Low Middling Color. Low Middling Color is color which is within the range...

7 CFR 28.405 - Low Middling Color.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Low Middling Color. 28.405 Section 28.405 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Color Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.405 Low Middling Color. Low Middling Color is color which is within the range...

7 CFR 28.405 - Low Middling Color.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Low Middling Color. 28.405 Section 28.405 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Color Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.405 Low Middling Color. Low Middling Color is color which is within the range...

7 CFR 28.405 - Low Middling Color.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Low Middling Color. 28.405 Section 28.405 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Color Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.405 Low Middling Color. Low Middling Color is color which is within the range...

10 CFR 431.405 - Exported electric motors.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Exported electric motors. 431.405 Section 431.405 Energy... EQUIPMENT General Provisions § 431.405 Exported electric motors. Under Sections 330 and 345 of the Act, this part does not apply to any electric motor if: (a) Such electric motor is manufactured, sold, or held...

7 CFR 28.405 - Low Middling Color.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Low Middling Color. 28.405 Section 28.405 Agriculture..., TESTING, AND STANDARDS Standards Official Cotton Standards of the United States for the Color Grade of American Upland Cotton § 28.405 Low Middling Color. Low Middling Color is color which is within the range...

42 CFR 405.902 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... physical therapy or speech pathology services, or a community mental health center that has in effect a... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Definitions. 405.902 Section 405.902 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL...

X-ray Spectral Analysis of the Cataclysmic Variable LS Peg using XMM-Newton Observatory Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Talebpour Sheshvan, N.; Nabizadeh, A.; Balman, S.

2017-10-01

LS Peg is a Cataclysmic Variable (CV) suggested as Intermediate Polar (IP) because of similar properties to those observed in IP systems. We used archival XMM-Newton observation of LS Peg in order to study the X-ray characteristics of the system. We show LS Peg light curves in several different energy bands, and discuss about orbital modulations and power spectral analysis. Unlike the previous spectral analysis of the EPIC-MOS data by fitting a hot optically thin plasma emission model with a single temperature, we simultaneously fit EPIC spectrum (pn+MOS) using a composite model of absorption (tbabs) along with two different partial covering absorbers plus a multi-temperature plasma emission component in XSPEC. In addition, we find a Gaussian emission line at 6.4 keV. For LS Peg the maximum temperature of the plasma distribution is found to be ˜ 17.8 keV with a luminosity of ˜ 7.4×10^{32}erg s^{-1} translating to an accretion rate of ˜ 1.7×10 ^{-10} M_{⊙} yr^{-1}. We present spectra for orbital minimum and orbital maximum. In addition, we use SWIFT observations of the source in order to make a comparison. We elaborate on the geometry of accretion and absorption in the X-ray emitting region with articulation on the magnetic nature.

48 CFR 216.405 - Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. 216.405 Section 216.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION... Contracts 216.405 Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. ...

Evaluation of self-assembled HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA nanoparticles by comparing with HCPT-loaded PLA nanoparticles.

PubMed

Yang, Xiangrui; Wu, Shichao; Wang, Yange; Li, Yang; Chang, Di; Luo, Yin; Ye, Shefang; Hou, Zhenqing

2014-12-01

We present a dialysis technique to prepare the 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT)-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) using methoxypolyethylene glycol-poly(D,L-lactide) (PEG-b-PLA) and PLA, respectively. Both HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA NPs and HCPT-loaded PLA NPs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results showed that the HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA NPs and HCPT-loaded PLA NPs presented a hydrodynamic particle size of 120.1 and 226.8 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.057 and 0.207, a zeta potential of -31.2 and -45.7 mV, drug encapsulation efficiency of 44.52% and 44.94%, and drug-loaded content of 7.42% and 7.49%, respectively. The HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA NPs presented faster drug release rate compared to the HCPT-loaded PLA NPs. The HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA NPs presented higher cytotoxicity than the HCPT-loaded PLA NPs. These results suggested that the HCPT-loaded PEG-b-PLA NPs presented better characteristics for drug delivery compared to HCPT-loaded PLA NPs.

5 CFR 9701.405 - Performance management system requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... requirements. 9701.405 Section 9701.405 Administrative Personnel DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY-OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Performance Management § 9701.405 Performance...

48 CFR 9904.405-10 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 9904.405-10 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-10 [Reserved] ...

High density load bearing insulation peg

DOEpatents

Nowobilski, J.J.; Owens, W.J.

1985-01-29

A high density peg is disclosed which can support a large load and exhibits excellent thermal resistance produced by a method wherein the peg is made in compliance with specified conditions of time, temperature and pressure. 4 figs.

A POWERFUL AGN OUTBURST IN RBS 797

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cavagnolo, K. W.; McNamara, B. R.; Wise, M. W.

2011-05-10

Utilizing {approx}50 ks of Chandra X-Ray Observatory imaging, we present an analysis of the intracluster medium (ICM) and cavity system in the galaxy cluster RBS 797. In addition to the two previously known cavities in the cluster core, the new and deeper X-ray image has revealed additional structure associated with the active galactic nucleus (AGN). The surface brightness decrements of the two cavities are unusually large and are consistent with elongated cavities lying close to our line of sight. We estimate a total AGN outburst energy and mean jet power of {approx}(3-6) x 10{sup 60} erg and {approx}(3-6) x 10{supmore » 45} erg s{sup -1}, respectively, depending on the assumed geometrical configuration of the cavities. Thus, RBS 797 is apparently among the most powerful AGN outbursts known in a cluster. The average mass accretion rate needed to power the AGN by accretion alone is {approx}1 M{sub sun} yr{sup -1}. We show that accretion of cold gas onto the AGN at this level is plausible, but that Bondi accretion of the hot atmosphere is probably not. The brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) harbors an unresolved, non-thermal nuclear X-ray source with a bolometric luminosity of {approx}2 x 10{sup 44} erg s{sup -1}. The nuclear emission is probably associated with a rapidly accreting, radiatively inefficient accretion flow. We present tentative evidence that star formation in the BCG is being triggered by the radio jets and suggest that the cavities may be driving weak shocks (M {approx} 1.5) into the ICM, similar to the process in the galaxy cluster MS 0735.6+7421.« less

48 CFR 25.405 - Caribbean Basin Trade Initiative.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Initiative. 25.405 Section 25.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL ACQUISITION REGULATION SOCIOECONOMIC PROGRAMS FOREIGN ACQUISITION Trade Agreements 25.405 Caribbean Basin Trade Initiative. Under the Caribbean Basin Trade Initiative, the United States Trade Representative has determined that, for...

48 CFR 9904.405 - Accounting for unallowable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 7 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Accounting for unallowable costs. 9904.405 Section 9904.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD... ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405 Accounting for unallowable costs. ...

5 CFR 831.405 - Interest on voluntary contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Interest on voluntary contributions. 831.405 Section 831.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) RETIREMENT Voluntary Contributions § 831.405 Interest on voluntary contributions. (a...

5 CFR 831.405 - Interest on voluntary contributions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interest on voluntary contributions. 831.405 Section 831.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) RETIREMENT Voluntary Contributions § 831.405 Interest on voluntary contributions. (a...

48 CFR 1316.405 - Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. 1316.405 Section 1316.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES TYPES OF CONTRACTS Incentive Contracts 1316.405 Cost-reimbursement...

48 CFR 916.405 - Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. 916.405 Section 916.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CONTRACTING METHODS AND CONTRACT TYPES TYPES OF CONTRACTS Incentive Contracts 916.405 Cost-reimbursement...

20 CFR 405.701 - Expedited appeals process-general.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Expedited appeals process-general. 405.701 Section 405.701 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Expedited Appeals Process for Constitutional Issues § 405.701 Expedited...

The LacI–Family Transcription Factor, RbsR, Is a Pleiotropic Regulator of Motility, Virulence, Siderophore and Antibiotic Production, Gas Vesicle Morphogenesis and Flotation in Serratia

PubMed Central

Lee, Chin M.; Monson, Rita E.; Adams, Rachel M.; Salmond, George P. C.

2017-01-01

Gas vesicles (GVs) are proteinaceous, gas-filled organelles used by some bacteria to enable upward movement into favorable air/liquid interfaces in aquatic environments. Serratia sp. ATCC39006 (S39006) was the first enterobacterium discovered to produce GVs naturally. The regulation of GV assembly in this host is complex and part of a wider regulatory network affecting various phenotypes, including antibiotic biosynthesis. To identify new regulators of GVs, a comprehensive mutant library containing 71,000 insertion mutants was generated by random transposon mutagenesis and 311 putative GV-defective mutants identified. Three of these mutants were found to have a transposon inserted in a LacI family transcription regulator gene (rbsR) of the putative ribose operon. Each of these rbsR mutants was GV-defective; no GVs were visible by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). GV deficiency was caused by the reduction of gvpA1 and gvrA transcription (the first genes of the two contiguous operons in the GV gene locus). Our results also showed that a mutation in rbsR was highly pleiotropic; the production of two secondary metabolites (carbapenem and prodigiosin antibiotics) was abolished. Interestingly, the intrinsic resistance to the carbapenem antibiotic was not affected by the rbsR mutation. In addition, the production of a siderophore, cellulase and plant virulence was reduced in the mutant, whereas it exhibited increased swimming and swarming motility. The RbsR protein was predicted to bind to regions upstream of at least 18 genes in S39006 including rbsD (the first gene of the ribose operon) and gvrA. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirmed that RbsR bound to DNA sequences upstream of rbsD, but not gvrA. The results of this study indicate that RbsR is a global regulator that affects the modulation of GV biogenesis, but also with complex pleiotropic physiological impacts in S39006. PMID:28955306

Temperature-responsive in situ nanoparticle hydrogels based on hydrophilic pendant cyclic ether modified PEG-PCL-PEG.

PubMed

Feng, Zujian; Zhao, Junqiang; Li, Yin; Xu, Shuxin; Zhou, Junhui; Zhang, Jianhua; Deng, Liandong; Dong, Anjie

2016-10-20

Thermo-sensitive injectable hydrogels based on poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL/PEG) block copolymers have attracted considerable attention for sustained drug release and tissue engineering applications. Previously, we have reported a thermo-sensitive hydrogel of P(CL-co-TOSUO)-PEG-P(CL-co-TOSUO) (PECT) triblock copolymers modified by hydrophilic cyclic ether pendant groups 1,4,8-trioxa-[4.6]spiro-9-undecanone (TOSUO). Unfortunately, the low gel modulus of PECT (only 50-70 Pa) may limit its applications. Herein, another kind of thermogelling triblock copolymer of a pendant cyclic ether-modified caprolactonic poloxamer analog, PEG-P(CL-co-TOSUO)-PEG (PECTE), was successfully prepared by control of the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity balance and chemical compositions of the copolymers. PECTE powder could directly disperse in water to form a stable nanoparticle (NP) aqueous dispersion and underwent sol-gel-sol transition behavior at a higher concentration with the temperature increasing from ambient or lower temperatures. Significantly, the microstructure parameters (e.g., different chemical compositions of the hydrophobic block and topology) played a critical role in the phase transition behavior. Furthermore, comparison studies on PECTE and PEG-PCL-PEG (PECE) showed that the introduction of pendant cyclic ether groups into PCL blocks could avoid unexpected ahead-of-time gelling of the PECE aqueous solution. In addition, the rheological analysis of PECTE and PECT indicated that the storage modulus of the PECTE hydrogel could be 100 times greater than that of the PECT hydrogel under the same mole ratios of TOSUO/CL and lower molecular weight. Consequently, PECTE thermal hydrogel systems are believed to be promising as in situ gel-forming biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering.

48 CFR 9904.405-62 - Exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 9904.405-62 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-62 Exemption. None for this Standard. ...

46 CFR 15.405 - Familiarity with vessel characteristics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Familiarity with vessel characteristics. 15.405 Section 15.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MERCHANT MARINE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN MANNING REQUIREMENTS Manning Requirements; All Vessels § 15.405 Familiarity with vessel characteristics...

46 CFR 15.405 - Familiarity with vessel characteristics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Familiarity with vessel characteristics. 15.405 Section 15.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MERCHANT MARINE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN MANNING REQUIREMENTS Manning Requirements; All Vessels § 15.405 Familiarity with vessel characteristics...

46 CFR 15.405 - Familiarity with vessel characteristics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Familiarity with vessel characteristics. 15.405 Section 15.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MERCHANT MARINE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN MANNING REQUIREMENTS Manning Requirements; All Vessels § 15.405 Familiarity with vessel characteristics...

46 CFR 15.405 - Familiarity with vessel characteristics.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Familiarity with vessel characteristics. 15.405 Section 15.405 Shipping COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY MERCHANT MARINE OFFICERS AND SEAMEN MANNING REQUIREMENTS Manning Requirements; All Vessels § 15.405 Familiarity with vessel characteristics...

48 CFR 9904.405-50 - Techniques for application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

.... 9904.405-50 Section 9904.405-50 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-50 Techniques for application. (a) The detail and...

48 CFR 1816.405 - Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. 1816.405 Section 1816.405 Federal Acquisition Regulations System NATIONAL AERONAUTICS... 1816.405 Cost-reimbursement incentive contracts. [62 FR 3478, Jan. 23, 1997. Redesignated at 62 FR...

Efficacy and tolerability of peg-only laxative on faecal impaction and chronic constipation in children. A controlled double blind randomized study vs a standard peg-electrolyte laxative

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background PEG-based laxatives are considered today the gold standard for the treatment of constipation in children. PEG formulations differ in terms of composition of inactive ingredients which may have an impact on acceptance, compliance and adherence to treatment. We therefore compared the efficacy, tolerability, acceptance and compliance of a new PEG-only formulation compared to a reference PEG-electrolyte (PEG-EL) formulation in resolving faecal impaction and in the treatment of chronic constipation. Methods Children aged 2–16 years with functional chronic constipation for at least 2 months were randomized to receive PEG-only 0.7 g/kg/day in 2 divided doses or 6.9 g PEG-EL 1–4 sachets according to age for 4 weeks. Children with faecal impaction were randomized to receive PEG-only 1.5/g/kg in 2 divided doses until resolution or for 6 days or PEG-EL with an initial dose of 4 sachets and increasing 2 sachets a day until resolution or for 7 days. Results Ninety-six children were randomized into the study. Five patients withdrew consent before starting treatment. Three children discontinued treatment for refusal due to bad taste of the product (1 PEG-only, 2 PEG-EL); 1 (PEG-EL) for an adverse effect (abdominal pain). Intent-to-treat analysis was carried out in 49 children in the PEG-only group and 42 in the PEG-EL group. No significant differences were observed between the two treatment groups at baseline. Adequate relief of constipation in terms of normalized frequency and painless defecation of soft stools was achieved in all patients in both groups. The number of stools/week was 9.2 ± 3.2 (mean ± SD) in the PEG-only group and 7.8 ± 2.4 in the PEG-EL group (p = 0.025); the number of days with stool was 22.4 ± 5.1 in the PEG-only group and 19.6 ± 7.2 in the PEG-EL group (p = 0.034). In the PEG-only group faecaloma resolution was observed in 5 children on the second day and in 2 children on the third day, while in the PEG-EL group it was observed in 2

48 CFR 9904.405-60 - Illustrations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 9904.405-60 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-60 Illustrations. (a) An auditor recommends disallowance of...

40 CFR 405.81 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Specialized definitions. 405.81 Section 405.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties...

42 CFR 405.1014 - Request for an ALJ hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Request for an ALJ hearing. 405.1014 Section 405...'s reconsideration, the deadline specified in § 405.1016 for deciding the appeal begins on the date..., the adjudication period in § 405.1016 begins the date the ALJ grants the request to extend the filing...

42 CFR 405.1014 - Request for an ALJ hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Request for an ALJ hearing. 405.1014 Section 405...'s reconsideration, the deadline specified in § 405.1016 for deciding the appeal begins on the date..., the adjudication period in § 405.1016 begins the date the ALJ grants the request to extend the filing...

40 CFR 405.51 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.51 Section 405.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Cottage Cheese and Cultured Cream Cheese...

40 CFR 405.51 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.51 Section 405.51 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Cottage Cheese and Cultured Cream Cheese...

14 CFR 1203.405 - Proprietary information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Proprietary information. 1203.405 Section 1203.405 Aeronautics and Space NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION INFORMATION SECURITY... sent, under proper safeguards, to the Director, Information Security Oversight Office, General Services...

33 CFR 135.405 - Appeal provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Appeal provisions. 135.405 Section 135.405 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND...

33 CFR 135.405 - Appeal provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Appeal provisions. 135.405 Section 135.405 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND...

33 CFR 135.405 - Appeal provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Appeal provisions. 135.405 Section 135.405 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND...

33 CFR 135.405 - Appeal provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Appeal provisions. 135.405 Section 135.405 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND...

33 CFR 135.405 - Appeal provisions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Appeal provisions. 135.405 Section 135.405 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) MARINE POLLUTION FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND COMPENSATION OFFSHORE OIL POLLUTION COMPENSATION FUND...

40 CFR 405.81 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.81 Section 405.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other...

40 CFR 405.81 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.81 Section 405.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Ice Cream, Frozen Desserts, Novelties and Other...

Bioconjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG branched polymeric nanoparticles as novel tumor targeting carriers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ding, Hong; Yong, Ken-Tye; Roy, Indrajit; Hu, Rui; Wu, Fang; Zhao, Lingling; Law, Wing-Cheung; Zhao, Weiwei; Ji, Wei; Liu, Liwei; Bergey, Earl J.; Prasad, Paras N.

2011-04-01

In this study, we have developed a novel carrier, micelle-type bioconjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG branched polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), for the detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. These NPs contained 4-arm-PEG as corona, and PLGA as core, the particle surface was conjugated with cyclo(arginine-glycine-aspartate) (cRGD) as ligand for in vivo tumor targeting. The hydrodynamic size of the NPs was determined to be 150-180 nm and the critical micellar concentration (CMC) was estimated to be 10.5 mg l - 1. Our in vitro study shows that these NPs by themselves had negligible cytotoxicity to human pancreatic cancer (Panc-1) and human glioblastoma (U87) cell lines. Near infrared (NIR) microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated that the cRGD conjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG polymeric NPs were taken up more efficiently by U87MG glioma cells, over-expressing the αvβ3 integrin, when compared with the non-targeted NPs. Whole body imaging showed that the cRGD conjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG branched polymeric NPs had the highest accumulation in the pancreatic tumor site of mice at 48 h post-injection. Physical, hematological, and pathological assays indicated low in vivo toxicity of this NP formulation. These studies on the ability of these bioconjugated PLGA-4-arm-PEG polymeric NPs suggest that the prepared polymeric NPs may serve as a promising platform for detection and targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancer.

9 CFR 93.405 - Health certificate for ruminants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Health certificate for ruminants. 93.405 Section 93.405 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Ruminants § 93.405 Health certificate for...

9 CFR 93.405 - Health certificate for ruminants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Health certificate for ruminants. 93.405 Section 93.405 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Ruminants § 93.405 Health certificate for...

9 CFR 93.405 - Health certificate for ruminants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Health certificate for ruminants. 93.405 Section 93.405 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Ruminants § 93.405 Health certificate for...

9 CFR 93.405 - Health certificate for ruminants.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Health certificate for ruminants. 93.405 Section 93.405 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT...; REQUIREMENTS FOR MEANS OF CONVEYANCE AND SHIPPING CONTAINERS Ruminants § 93.405 Health certificate for...

50 CFR 600.405 - Types of statistics covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 10 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Types of statistics covered. 600.405 Section 600.405 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND... Statistics § 600.405 Types of statistics covered. NOAA is authorized under the Magnuson-Stevens Act and other...

17 CFR 37.405 - Risk controls for trading.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Risk controls for trading. 37.405 Section 37.405 Commodity and Securities Exchanges COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION SWAP EXECUTION FACILITIES Monitoring of Trading and Trade Processing § 37.405 Risk controls for trading. The swap...

42 CFR 405.708 - Effect of initial determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of initial determination. 405.708 Section 405.708 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Under Medicare Part A § 405.708 Effect of initial determination. (a) The initial determination under...

42 CFR 405.1807 - Effect of intermediary determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of intermediary determination. 405.1807 Section 405.1807 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Determinations and Appeals § 405.1807 Effect of intermediary determination. The determination shall be final and...

42 CFR 405.806 - Effect of Initial Determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of Initial Determination. 405.806 Section 405.806 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... Part B Program § 405.806 Effect of Initial Determination. The initial determination is binding upon all...

50 CFR 600.405 - Types of statistics covered.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Types of statistics covered. 600.405 Section 600.405 Wildlife and Fisheries FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND... Statistics § 600.405 Types of statistics covered. NOAA is authorized under the Magnuson-Stevens Act and other...

Characterization of polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylenimine and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PEG-g-PEI-SPION) as an MRI-visible vector for siRNA delivery in gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo.

PubMed

Chen, Yinting; Lian, Guoda; Liao, Chengde; Wang, Weiwei; Zeng, Linjuan; Qian, Chenchen; Huang, Kaihong; Shuai, Xintao

2013-07-01

Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic method but is severely hampered due to its lack of an ideal delivery system. Therefore, in this study, a nonviral and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible vector, polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylenimine and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PEG-g-PEI-SPION) was used as a nanocarrier for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery in gastric cancer. Biophysical characterization of PEG-g-PEI-SPION was systematically analyzed, including size, zeta potential, siRNA condensation capacity, cell viability, transfection efficiency, cellular uptake, and MRI-visible function in vivo. Besides, CD44 variant isoform 6 (CD44v6), a protein marker for metastatic behavior in gastric cancer, and was chose as the target gene to further analyze the siRNA delivery function of PEG-g-PEI-SPION. Under comprehensive analysis, the appropriate N/P ratio of PEG-g-PEI-SPION/siRNA was 10, and siRNA targeting at human CD44v6 (siCD44v6) transferred by PEG-g-PEI-SPION was effective at downregulating the CD44v6 expression of gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 in vitro. Moreover, knockdown of CD44v6 impaired migrating and invasive abilities of SGC-7901 cells. Furthermore, PEG-g-PEI-SPION was a highly efficient contrast agent for MRI scan in vivo. PEG-g-PEI-SPION was a promising nonviral vector with molecular image tracing capacity for cancer gene therapy. And CD44v6 was a potential target gene for the prevention and detection of metastatic behavior in gastric cancer.

42 CFR 405.2110 - Designation of ESRD networks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Designation of ESRD networks. 405.2110 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2110 Designation of ESRD networks. CMS designated ESRD networks in which the approved ESRD facilities collectively provide the necessary care for ESRD patients...

42 CFR 405.2110 - Designation of ESRD networks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Designation of ESRD networks. 405.2110 Section 405... End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Services § 405.2110 Designation of ESRD networks. CMS designated ESRD networks in which the approved ESRD facilities collectively provide the necessary care for ESRD patients...

49 CFR 219.405 - Co-worker report policy.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Co-worker report policy. 219.405 Section 219.405 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CONTROL OF ALCOHOL AND DRUG USE Identification of Troubled Employees § 219.405 Co-worker report policy. (a) Scope....

42 CFR 405.978 - Effect of a reconsideration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of a reconsideration. 405.978 Section 405.978 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES..., Reconsiderations, and Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Reconsideration § 405.978 Effect of a...

42 CFR 405.812 - Effect of review determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of review determination. 405.812 Section 405.812 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Program § 405.812 Effect of review determination. The review determination is binding upon all parties to...

42 CFR 405.958 - Effect of a redetermination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Effect of a redetermination. 405.958 Section 405.958 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES..., Reconsiderations, and Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Redeterminations § 405.958 Effect of a...

5 CFR 841.405 - Economic assumptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Economic assumptions. 841.405 Section 841... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Government Costs § 841.405 Economic assumptions. The determinations of the normal cost percentage will be based on the economic assumptions...

5 CFR 841.405 - Economic assumptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Economic assumptions. 841.405 Section 841... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Government Costs § 841.405 Economic assumptions. The determinations of the normal cost percentage will be based on the economic assumptions...

5 CFR 841.405 - Economic assumptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Economic assumptions. 841.405 Section 841... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Government Costs § 841.405 Economic assumptions. The determinations of the normal cost percentage will be based on the economic assumptions...

5 CFR 841.405 - Economic assumptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Economic assumptions. 841.405 Section 841... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Government Costs § 841.405 Economic assumptions. The determinations of the normal cost percentage will be based on the economic assumptions...

5 CFR 841.405 - Economic assumptions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Economic assumptions. 841.405 Section 841... (CONTINUED) FEDERAL EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM-GENERAL ADMINISTRATION Government Costs § 841.405 Economic assumptions. The determinations of the normal cost percentage will be based on the economic assumptions...

48 CFR 9904.405-20 - Purpose.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Section 9904.405-20 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-20 Purpose. (a) The purpose of this Cost Accounting Standard is...

20 CFR 405.360 - Official record.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... in making the decision under review and any additional evidence or written statements that the... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Official record. 405.360 Section 405.360 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL...

40 CFR 405.71 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.71 Section 405.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts...

40 CFR 405.71 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true Specialized definitions. 405.71 Section 405.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen Desserts...

40 CFR 405.71 - Specialized definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Specialized definitions. 405.71 Section 405.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Fluid Mix for Ice Cream and Other Frozen...

PVP and PEG doped CuO nanoparticles are more biologically active: Antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and cytotoxic perspective.

PubMed

Javed, Rabia; Ahmed, Madiha; Haq, Ihsan Ul; Nisa, Sobia; Zia, Muhammad

2017-10-01

Search for biologically active nanoparticles is prerequisite for biomedical applications. CuO nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method are capped by polyethylene-glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) on the surface by simple adsorption. Physical and chemical properties carried out by SEM, XRD and FTIR confirm nanometer in size and efficient capping of PVP and PEG on CuO NPs. Biological assays reveal higher activities of CuO-PEG and CuO-PVP as compared to the uncapped CuO nanoparticles. CuO-PEG shows better antitumor activity against Streptomyces as compared with CuO-PVP and CuO NPs. Both the capped NPs are significantly active for α-amylase inhibition assay. CuO-PVP demonstrates significantly better activity against bacterial strains followed by CuO-PEG and uncapped CuO. PVP coated CuO NPs also shows strong DPPH based free radical scavenging activity, total reducing power potential, total antioxidative potential and also carries flavonoid and phenolics properties determines to querecetin and gallic acid equivalence, respectively. It can be concluded that PVP and PEG capped CuO NPs are more capable to be used in biomedical applications as drug and diagnostic carrier molecules. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

New Proof-of-Concept in Viral Inactivation: Virucidal Efficacy of 405 nm Light Against Feline Calicivirus as a Model for Norovirus Decontamination.

PubMed

Tomb, Rachael M; Maclean, Michelle; Coia, John E; Graham, Elizabeth; McDonald, Michael; Atreya, Chintamani D; MacGregor, Scott J; Anderson, John G

2017-06-01

The requirement for novel decontamination technologies for use in hospitals is ever present. One such system uses 405 nm visible light to inactivate microorganisms via ROS-generated oxidative damage. Although effective for bacterial and fungal inactivation, little is known about the virucidal effects of 405 nm light. Norovirus (NoV) gastroenteritis outbreaks often occur in the clinical setting, and this study was designed to investigate potential inactivation effects of 405 nm light on the NoV surrogate, feline calicivirus (FCV). FCV was exposed to 405 nm light whilst suspended in minimal and organically-rich media to establish the virucidal efficacy and the effect biologically-relevant material may play in viral susceptibility. Antiviral activity was successfully demonstrated with a 4 Log 10 (99.99%) reduction in infectivity when suspended in minimal media evident after a dose of 2.8 kJ cm -2 . FCV exposed in artificial faeces, artificial saliva, blood plasma and other organically rich media exhibited an equivalent level of inactivation using between 50-85% less dose of the light, indicating enhanced inactivation when the virus is present in organically-rich biologically-relevant media. Further research in this area could aid in the development of 405 nm light technology for effective NoV decontamination within the hospital environment.

42 CFR 405.825 - Location of carrier hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Location of carrier hearing. 405.825 Section 405.825 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES... Program § 405.825 Location of carrier hearing. (a) Time and place. The hearing officer shall fix a time...

18 CFR 706.405 - Supplementary statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Supplementary statements. 706.405 Section 706.405 Conservation of Power and Water Resources WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL... Supplementary statements. Changes in, or additions to, the information contained in an employee's statement of...

18 CFR 706.405 - Supplementary statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Supplementary statements. 706.405 Section 706.405 Conservation of Power and Water Resources WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL EMPLOYEE.... Changes in, or additions to, the information contained in an employee's statement of employment and...

18 CFR 706.405 - Supplementary statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Supplementary statements. 706.405 Section 706.405 Conservation of Power and Water Resources WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL... Supplementary statements. Changes in, or additions to, the information contained in an employee's statement of...

18 CFR 706.405 - Supplementary statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Supplementary statements. 706.405 Section 706.405 Conservation of Power and Water Resources WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL... Supplementary statements. Changes in, or additions to, the information contained in an employee's statement of...

48 CFR 15.405 - Price negotiation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Price negotiation. 15.405... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.405 Price negotiation. (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the...

48 CFR 15.405 - Price negotiation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Price negotiation. 15.405... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.405 Price negotiation. (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the...

48 CFR 15.405 - Price negotiation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Price negotiation. 15.405... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.405 Price negotiation. (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the...

48 CFR 15.405 - Price negotiation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Price negotiation. 15.405... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.405 Price negotiation. (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the...

48 CFR 15.405 - Price negotiation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Price negotiation. 15.405... AND CONTRACT TYPES CONTRACTING BY NEGOTIATION Contract Pricing 15.405 Price negotiation. (a) The purpose of performing cost or price analysis is to develop a negotiation position that permits the...

42 CFR 405.2466 - Annual reconciliation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Annual reconciliation. 405.2466 Section 405.2466 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE..., payment for pneumococcal and influenza vaccine and their administration is 100 percent of Medicare...

42 CFR 405.2466 - Annual reconciliation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Annual reconciliation. 405.2466 Section 405.2466 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE..., payment for pneumococcal and influenza vaccine and their administration is 100 percent of Medicare...

42 CFR 405.2402 - Basic requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basic requirements. 405.2402 Section 405.2402 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Rural Health Clinic and Federally Qualified...

42 CFR 405.2412 - Physicians' services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Physicians' services. 405.2412 Section 405.2412 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Rural Health Clinic and Federally Qualified...

42 CFR 405.2430 - Basic requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basic requirements. 405.2430 Section 405.2430 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Rural Health Clinic and Federally Qualified...

45 CFR 1168.405 - Penalty procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Penalty procedures. 1168.405 Section 1168.405 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement...

45 CFR 1168.405 - Penalty procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Penalty procedures. 1168.405 Section 1168.405 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES NEW RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement...

31 CFR 510.405 - Setoffs prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Setoffs prohibited. 510.405 Section 510.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 510...

31 CFR 510.405 - Setoffs prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Setoffs prohibited. 510.405 Section 510.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 510...

31 CFR 510.405 - Setoffs prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Setoffs prohibited. 510.405 Section 510.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 510...

31 CFR 510.405 - Setoffs prohibited.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance:Treasury 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Setoffs prohibited. 510.405 Section 510.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY NORTH KOREA SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations § 510...

24 CFR 582.405 - Program changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Program changes. 582.405 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SHELTER PLUS CARE Administration § 582.405 Program changes. (a) Changes. HUD must approve, in writing, any significant changes to an approved program. Significant changes that...

41 CFR 101-4.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 2 2011-07-01 2007-07-01 true Housing. 101-4.405 Section 101-4.405 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System FEDERAL PROPERTY MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS GENERAL 4-NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN EDUCATION...

48 CFR 1516.405-270 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Definitions. 1516.405-270 Section 1516.405-270 Federal Acquisition Regulations System ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY CONTRACTING... responsible for reviewing the recommendations of the PEB and making the final determination of the amount of...

20 CFR 405.333 - Submitting documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... digits of the claimant's social security number. All such documents must be clear and legible to the... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Submitting documents. 405.333 Section 405.333 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL...

42 CFR 405.701 - Basis, purpose and definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Basis, purpose and definitions. 405.701 Section 405... Medicare Part A § 405.701 Basis, purpose and definitions. (a) This subpart implements section 1869 of the... following matters, and section 1869(b) provides for a hearing for an individual who is dissatisfied with the...

42 CFR 405.1814 - Intermediary hearing officer jurisdiction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Intermediary hearing officer jurisdiction. 405.1814 Section 405.1814 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... sections 1155, 1869, and 1879(d) of the Act, and of subpart I of part 405 and subpart B of part 478, as...

Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of LS PEG and TW PIC Using XMM-NEWTON Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Talebpour Sheshvan, Nasrin; Balman, Solen

2016-07-01

We report the analysis of archival XMM-Newton X-ray observations of LS Peg and TW Pic. These are Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) suggested as Intermediate Polars (IPs), but unconfirmed in the X-rays. Identification of several periodic oscillations in the optical band hint them as IPs. Unlike the previous spectral analysis on the EPIC-MOS data by fitting a hot optically thin plasma emission model with a single temperature for LS Peg, we simultaneously fitted all EPIC spectrum (pn+MOS) using a composite model of absorption for interstellar medium (tbabs) with two different partial covering absorbers (pcfabs) including a multitemperature plasma emission component (cevmkl) and a Gaussian emission line at 6.4 keV. TW Pic is best modeled in a similar manner with only one partial covering absorber and an extra Gaussian emission line at 6.7 keV. LS Peg has a maximum plasma temperature of ˜14.8 keV with an X-ray luminosity of ˜5×10^{32}ergs ^{-1} translating to an accretion rate of ˜1.27×10^{-10}M _{⊙}yr ^{-1}. TW Pic shows kT _{max} ˜38.7 keV with an X-ray luminosity around 1.6×10^{33}ergs ^{-1} at an accretion rate of ˜4×10^{-10}M _{⊙}yr ^{-1}. In addition, we discuss orbital modulations in the X-rays and power spectral analysis, and derive the EPIC pn spectra for orbital minimum and orbital maximum phases for both sources. We elaborate on the geometry of accretion and absorption in the X-ray emitting regions of both sources with articulation on the magnetic nature.

40 CFR 721.405 - Polyether acrylate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Polyether acrylate. 721.405 Section... § 721.405 Polyether acrylate. (a) Chemical substance and significant new uses subject to reporting. (1) The chemical substance identified generically as a polyether acrylate (PMN P-95-666) is subject to...

20 CFR 438.405 - Penalty procedures.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Penalty procedures. 438.405 Section 438.405 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION RESTRICTIONS ON LOBBYING Penalties and Enforcement § 438... Program Fraud and Civil Remedies Act, 31 U.S.C. sections 3803 (except subsection (c)), 3804, 3805, 3806...

24 CFR 583.405 - Program changes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Program changes. 583.405 Section... DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY FACILITIES SUPPORTIVE HOUSING PROGRAM Administration § 583.405 Program changes. (a) HUD approval. (1) A recipient may not make any significant changes to an approved program without prior HUD...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

5 CFR 534.405 - Performance awards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Performance awards. 534.405 Section 534... SYSTEMS Pay and Performance Awards Under the Senior Executive Service § 534.405 Performance awards. (a) This section covers the payment of performance awards to career appointees in the Senior Executive...

Role of the Methoxy Group in Immune Responses to mPEG-Protein Conjugates

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Anti-PEG antibodies have been reported to mediate the accelerated clearance of PEG-conjugated proteins and liposomes, all of which contain methoxyPEG (mPEG). The goal of this research was to assess the role of the methoxy group in the immune responses to mPEG conjugates and the potential advantages of replacing mPEG with hydroxyPEG (HO-PEG). Rabbits were immunized with mPEG, HO-PEG, or t-butoxyPEG (t-BuO-PEG) conjugates of human serum albumin, human interferon-α, or porcine uricase as adjuvant emulsions. Assay plates for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were coated with mPEG, HO-PEG, or t-BuO-PEG conjugates of the non-cross-reacting protein, porcine superoxide dismutase (SOD). In sera from rabbits immunized with HO-PEG conjugates of interferon-α or uricase, the ratio of titers of anti-PEG antibodies detected on mPEG-SOD over HO-PEG-SOD (“relative titer”) had a median of 1.1 (range 0.9–1.5). In contrast, sera from rabbits immunized with mPEG conjugates of three proteins had relative titers with a median of 3.0 (range 1.1–20). Analyses of sera from rabbits immunized with t-BuO-PEG-albumin showed that t-butoxy groups are more immunogenic than methoxy groups. Adding Tween 20 or Tween 80 to buffers used to wash the assay plates, as is often done in ELISAs, greatly reduced the sensitivity of detection of anti-PEG antibodies. Competitive ELISAs revealed that the affinities of antibodies raised against mPEG-uricase were c. 70 times higher for 10 kDa mPEG than for 10 kDa PEG diol and that anti-PEG antibodies raised against mPEG conjugates of three proteins had >1000 times higher affinities for albumin conjugates with c. 20 mPEGs than for analogous HO-PEG-albumin conjugates. Overall, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that antibodies with high affinity for methoxy groups contribute to the loss of efficacy of mPEG conjugates, especially if multiply-PEGylated. Using monofunctionally activated HO-PEG instead of mPEG in preparing conjugates for

42 CFR 405.809 - Opportunity to submit evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Opportunity to submit evidence. 405.809 Section 405.809 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Appeals Under the Medicare Part B Program § 405.809 Opportunity to submit...

42 CFR 405.1032 - Issues before an ALJ.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Issues before an ALJ. 405.1032 Section 405.1032..., Reconsiderations, and Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1032 Issues before an ALJ. (a) General rule. The issues before the ALJ include all the issues brought out in the initial...

42 CFR 405.2468 - Allowable costs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Allowable costs. 405.2468 Section 405.2468 Public... Allowable costs. (a) Applicability of general Medicare principles. In determining whether and to what extent a specific type or item of cost is allowable, such as interest, depreciation, bad debts and owner...

36 CFR § 1211.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 3 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Housing. § 1211.405 Section § 1211.405 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION GENERAL RULES..., listing, approval of housing, or otherwise, assists any agency, organization, or person in making housing...

Redox-sensitive micelles assembled from amphiphilic mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX conjugates for the delivery of docetaxel.

PubMed

Zhang, Huiyuan; Wang, Kaiming; Zhang, Pei; He, Wenxiu; Song, Aixin; Luan, Yuxia

2016-06-01

Docetaxel (DTX) can produce anti-tumor effects by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. However, the poor solubility of DTX restricts its application and its clinical formulation has caused serious adverse reaction due to the use of Tween-80. In the present study, DTX was conjugated to an amphiphilic di-block polymer to solve these problems. Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) was selected as the polymer skeleton and a redox sensitive disulfide bond was used as the linker between DTX and mPEG-PCL. The synthesized mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX conjugates were characterized by (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Interestingly, the mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX conjugates could self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX micelles was about 2.3mgL(-1) determined using pyrene molecule fluorescent probe method while the size of mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX micelles was determined to be ca. 17.6nm and 116.0nm with a bimodal distribution by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The in vitro release results indicated that the as-prepared micelles exhibited a sustained release profile with good redox sensitive properties. In particular, the hemolytic toxicity test indicated the as-prepared mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX micelles had negligible hemolytic activity, demonstrating their safety in drug delivery system. Cytotoxicity assay of the mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX micelles verified their highly enhanced cytotoxicity to MCF-7/A and A549 cells. These results thus demonstrated that the present redox-sensitive mPEG-PCL-SS-DTX micelle was an efficient and safe sustained drug delivery system in the biomedical area. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

5 CFR 362.405 - Development, evaluation, promotion, and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Development, evaluation, promotion, and certification. 362.405 Section 362.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PATHWAYS PROGRAMS Presidential Management Fellows Program § 362.405 Development, evaluation...

5 CFR 362.405 - Development, evaluation, promotion, and certification.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Development, evaluation, promotion, and certification. 362.405 Section 362.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PATHWAYS PROGRAMS Presidential Management Fellows Program § 362.405 Development, evaluation...

Characterization of human kidney stones using micro-PIXE and RBS: a comparative study between two different populations.

PubMed

Pineda-Vargas, C A; Eisa, M E M; Rodgers, A L

2009-03-01

The micro-PIXE and RBS techniques are used to investigate the matrix as well as the trace elemental composition of calcium-rich human tissues on a microscopic scale. This paper deals with the spatial distribution of trace metals in hard human tissues such as kidney stone concretions, undertaken at the nuclear microprobe (NMP) facility. Relevant information about ion beam techniques used for material characterization will be discussed. Mapping correlation between different trace metals to extract information related to micro-regions composition will be illustrated with an application using proton energies of 1.5 and 3.0 MeV and applied to a comparative study for human kidney stone concretions nucleation region analysis from two different population groups (Sudan and South Africa).

RBS/C, HRTEM and HRXRD study of damage accumulation in irradiated SrTiO3

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jagielski, Jacek; Jozwik, Przemyslaw A.; Jozwik Biala, Iwona

2013-05-14

Damage accumulation in argon-irradiated SrTiO3 single crystals has been studied by using combination of Rutherford Backscattering/Channeling (RBS/C), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and High Resolution X-Ray Diffraction (HRXRD) techniques. The RBS/C spectra were fitted using McChasy, a Monte Carlo simulation code allowing the quantitative analysis of amorphous-like and dislocation-like types of defects. The results were interpreted by using a Multi-Step Damage Accumulation model which assumes, that the damage accumulation occurs in a series of structural transformations, the defect transformations are triggered by a stress caused by formation of a free volume in the irradiated crystal. This assumption has beenmore » confirmed by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy and High Resolution X-Ray Diffraction analysis.« less

15 CFR 8a.405 - Housing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Housing. 8a.405 Section 8a.405 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF SEX IN... offer different services or benefits related to housing, except as provided in this section (including...

24 CFR 180.405 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Time computations. 180.405 Section... Hearing § 180.405 Time computations. (a) In computing time under this part, the time period begins the day... Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday observed by the Federal Government, in which case the time period...

24 CFR 180.405 - Time computations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Time computations. 180.405 Section... Hearing § 180.405 Time computations. (a) In computing time under this part, the time period begins the day... Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday observed by the Federal Government, in which case the time period...

42 CFR 405.803 - Appeals rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Appeals rights. 405.803 Section 405.803 Public... Appeals rights. (a) A provider or supplier may appeal the initial determination to deny a provider or... submitted with the appeal request, the contractor contacts the provider or supplier to try to obtain the...

42 CFR 405.803 - Appeals rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Appeals rights. 405.803 Section 405.803 Public... Appeals rights. (a) A provider or supplier may appeal the initial determination to deny a provider or... submitted with the appeal request, the contractor contacts the provider or supplier to try to obtain the...

42 CFR 405.803 - Appeals rights.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Appeals rights. 405.803 Section 405.803 Public... Appeals rights. (a) A provider or supplier may appeal the initial determination to deny a provider or... submitted with the appeal request, the contractor contacts the provider or supplier to try to obtain the...

27 CFR 40.405 - Strengthening bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Strengthening bond. 40.405... § 40.405 Strengthening bond. Where the appropriate TTB officer determines that the amount of the bond... a strengthening bond in an appropriate amount with the same surety as that on the bond already in...

27 CFR 40.405 - Strengthening bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Strengthening bond. 40.405... § 40.405 Strengthening bond. Where the appropriate TTB officer determines that the amount of the bond... a strengthening bond in an appropriate amount with the same surety as that on the bond already in...

27 CFR 40.405 - Strengthening bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Strengthening bond. 40.405... § 40.405 Strengthening bond. Where the appropriate TTB officer determines that the amount of the bond... a strengthening bond in an appropriate amount with the same surety as that on the bond already in...

27 CFR 40.405 - Strengthening bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Strengthening bond. 40.405... § 40.405 Strengthening bond. Where the appropriate TTB officer determines that the amount of the bond... a strengthening bond in an appropriate amount with the same surety as that on the bond already in...

27 CFR 40.405 - Strengthening bond.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Strengthening bond. 40.405... § 40.405 Strengthening bond. Where the appropriate TTB officer determines that the amount of the bond... a strengthening bond in an appropriate amount with the same surety as that on the bond already in...

40 CFR 405.44 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 405.44 Section 405.44 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405...

40 CFR 405.44 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pretreatment standards for existing sources. 405.44 Section 405.44 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405...

20 CFR 405.715 - Agreement in expedited appeals process.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Agreement in expedited appeals process. 405.715 Section 405.715 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Expedited Appeals Process for Constitutional Issues § 405...

Development and Validation of a Response Bias Scale (RBS) for the MMPI-2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gervais, Roger O.; Ben-Porath, Yossef S.; Wygant, Dustin B.; Green, Paul

2007-01-01

This study describes the development of a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) scale designed to detect negative response bias in forensic neuropsychological or disability assessment settings. The Response Bias Scale (RBS) consists of 28 MMPI-2 items that discriminated between persons who passed or failed the Word Memory Test…

Decorin causes autophagy in endothelial cells via Peg3

PubMed Central

Buraschi, Simone; Neill, Thomas; Goyal, Atul; Poluzzi, Chiara; Smythies, James; Owens, Rick T.; Schaefer, Liliana; Torres, Annabel; Iozzo, Renato V.

2013-01-01

Soluble decorin affects the biology of several receptor tyrosine kinases by triggering receptor internalization and degradation. We found that decorin induced paternally expressed gene 3 (Peg3), an imprinted tumor suppressor gene, and that Peg3 relocated into autophagosomes labeled by Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated light chain 3. Decorin evoked Peg3-dependent autophagy in both microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells leading to suppression of angiogenesis. Peg3 coimmunoprecipitated with Beclin 1 and LC3 and was required for maintaining basal levels of Beclin 1. Decorin, via Peg3, induced transcription of Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha genes, thereby leading to a protracted autophagic program. Mechanistically, decorin interacted with VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in a region overlapping with its natural ligand VEGFA, and VEGFR2 was required for decorin-evoked Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha expression as well as for Peg3 induction in endothelial cells. Moreover, decorin induced VEGFR2-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, we have unveiled a mechanism for a secreted proteoglycan in inducing Peg3, a master regulator of macroautophagy in endothelial cells. PMID:23798385

Aqueous biphasic systems containing PEG-based deep eutectic solvents for high-performance partitioning of RNA.

PubMed

Zhang, Hongmei; Wang, Yuzhi; Zhou, Yigang; Xu, Kaijia; Li, Na; Wen, Qian; Yang, Qin

2017-08-01

In this work, 16 kinds of novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and quaternary ammonium salts, were coupled with Aqueous Biphasic Systems (ABSs) to extract RNA. The phase forming ability of ABSs were comprehensively evaluated, involving the effects of various proportions of DESs' components, carbon chain length and anions species of quaternary ammonium salts, average molecular weights of PEG and inorganic salts nature. Then the systems were applied in RNA extraction, and the results revealed that the extraction efficiency values were distinctly enhanced by relatively lower PEG content in DESs, smaller PEG molecular weights, longer carbon chain of quaternary ammonium salts and more hydrophobic inorganic salts. Then the systems composed of [TBAB][PEG600] and Na 2 SO 4 were utilized in the influence factor experiments, proving that the electrostatic interaction was the dominant force for RNA extraction. Therefore, back-extraction efficiency values ranging between 85.19% and 90.78% were obtained by adjusting the ionic strength. Besides, the selective separation of RNA and tryptophane (Trp) was successfully accomplished. It was found that 86.19% RNA was distributed in the bottom phase, while 72.02% Trp was enriched in the top phase in the novel ABSs. Finally, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to further investigate the extraction mechanism. The proposed method reveals the outstanding feasibility of the newly developed ABSs formed by PEG-based DESs and inorganic salts for the green extraction of RNA. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Modified Nanoclay Composite on Blended PVDF/PEG Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bahavan Palani, P.; Sainul Abidin, K.; Kannan, R.; Rajashabala, S.

This research work describes the fabrication of polymer blend nanocomposite membranes using the solution casting method. These membranes were fabricated with Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVdF) as host, Poly (Ethylene Glycol) (PEG) in steps of 2wt.% as blending polymer and Montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay particles in steps of 3wt.% which were used as received. The protonated MMT was synthesized through an ion exchange process with column chromatographic technique. The prepared membrane’s performance was investigated using different characterization techniques of Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), water uptake, IEC and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Thermal stability was decreased while adding PEG into PVDF but it is controlled with the addition of MMT on PVDF/PEG blend matrix. Moreover, It is noticed that, the increase of water uptake, IEC by the increasing additive concentration of PEG and MMT. XRD studies reveal the increased amorphous phase with uniform exfoliation of nanoclay particles. The highest proton conductivity value of 0.127S cm‑1 is obtained with 9wt.% of MMT in the PVdF/PEG/MMT composite membranes at room temperature with 100% Relative Humid (RH) condition and 10 V.% of sulfonation. The blended nanocomposite membranes fulfill the requirements of proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application.

5 CFR 300.405 - Requirement for contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... principles and equal opportunity laws. ... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requirement for contract. 300.405 Section... (GENERAL) Use of Commercial Recruiting Firms and Nonprofit Employment Services § 300.405 Requirement for...

40 CFR 405.116 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.116 Section 405.116 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Condensed Whey Subcategory § 405.116...

40 CFR 405.126 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.126 Section 405.126 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Dry Whey Subcategory § 405.126...

40 CFR 405.46 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2013-07-01 2012-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.46 Section 405.46 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.46...

40 CFR 405.46 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.46 Section 405.46 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.46...

40 CFR 405.46 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.46 Section 405.46 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.46...

40 CFR 405.46 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2014-07-01 2012-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.46 Section 405.46 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.46...

40 CFR 405.46 - Pretreatment standards for new sources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2011-07-01 2009-07-01 true Pretreatment standards for new sources. 405.46 Section 405.46 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS DAIRY PRODUCTS PROCESSING POINT SOURCE CATEGORY Butter Subcategory § 405.46...

20 CFR 405.515 - Application of circuit court law.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Application of circuit court law. 405.515 Section 405.515 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR ADJUDICATING INITIAL DISABILITY CLAIMS Judicial Review § 405.515 Application of circuit court law. We will...

42 CFR 405.1837 - Group appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Group appeals. 405.1837 Section 405.1837 Public....1837 Group appeals. (a) Right to Board hearing as part of a group appeal; criteria. A provider (but no other individual, entity, or party) has a right to a Board hearing, as part of a group appeal with other...

42 CFR 405.1837 - Group appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Group appeals. 405.1837 Section 405.1837 Public....1837 Group appeals. (a) Right to Board hearing as part of a group appeal; criteria. A provider (but no other individual, entity, or party) has a right to a Board hearing, as part of a group appeal with other...

42 CFR 405.1837 - Group appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Group appeals. 405.1837 Section 405.1837 Public....1837 Group appeals. (a) Right to Board hearing as part of a group appeal; criteria. A provider (but no other individual, entity, or party) has a right to a Board hearing, as part of a group appeal with other...

42 CFR 405.1837 - Group appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Group appeals. 405.1837 Section 405.1837 Public....1837 Group appeals. (a) Right to Board hearing as part of a group appeal; criteria. A provider (but no other individual, entity, or party) has a right to a Board hearing, as part of a group appeal with other...

42 CFR 405.1837 - Group appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Group appeals. 405.1837 Section 405.1837 Public....1837 Group appeals. (a) Right to Board hearing as part of a group appeal; criteria. A provider (but no other individual, entity, or party) has a right to a Board hearing, as part of a group appeal with other...

42 CFR 405.2464 - Payment rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Payment rate. 405.2464 Section 405.2464 Public... Payment rate. (a) Determination of the payment rate for RHCs and FQHCs that are authorized to bill on the basis of reasonable cost. (1) An all-inclusive rate is determined by the MAC at the beginning of the...

PEG-protein interaction induced contraction of NalD chains.

PubMed

Yu, Jiyan; Chen, Weizhong; Wu, Chi; Chen, Hao

2014-01-01

In a recent attempt to crystallize a regulator of MexAB-OprM multi-drug efflux systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NalD), we found that adding polyethylene glycol (PEG3350, Mw = 3,350 g/mol) into the protein solution increases the speed of NalD migration in gel electrophoresis, signaling a smaller hydrodynamic size. At first we conjectured that NalD was degraded unexpectedly by PEG; however, we found that there was no change in its molar mass by MALDI-TOF characterization. Moreover, we found that adding polyacrylic acid (PAA) into the solution mixture returned the NalD migration to its normal speed. Furthermore, our analytic ultracentrifugation and dynamic laser light scattering results directly reveal that NalD interacts with PEG so that individual NalD chains gradually shrink as more PEG chains are added in the range of 10-50 mg/mL. Size exclusion chromatography also confirms that the NalD chain shrinks in the presence of PEG. A combination of these results indicates that PEG3350 chains can complex with NalD to induce an intra-protein chain contraction, presumably via the formation of hydrogen bond between -C-O-C- on PEG and -COOH on NalD, resulting in a smaller hydrodynamic size (faster migration) and a higher apparent molar mass. Note that because the presence of PEG affects osmotic pressure, it is considered to be a precipitator of protein crystallization. Our current finding reveals that the interaction of PEG/protein may play a significant role in protein crystallization. The complexation potentially makes the protein chain segments less flexible, and consequently makes crystallization easier. Hopefully, our current results will stimulate further studies in this direction.

40 CFR 6.405 - Exemptions and considerations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Section 6.405 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GENERAL PROCEDURES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT AND ASSESSING THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ABROAD OF EPA ACTIONS Assessing the Environmental Effects Abroad of EPA Actions § 6.405 Exemptions and considerations...

42 CFR 405.440 - Emergency and urgent care services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Emergency and urgent care services. 405.440 Section 405.440 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.440...

42 CFR 405.415 - Requirements of the private contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Requirements of the private contract. 405.415 Section 405.415 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.415...

42 CFR 405.455 - Application to Medicare+Choice contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Application to Medicare+Choice contracts. 405.455 Section 405.455 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.455...

5 CFR 532.405 - Use of highest previous rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Use of highest previous rate. 532.405 Section 532.405 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS PREVAILING RATE SYSTEMS Pay Administration § 532.405 Use of highest previous rate. (a)(1) Subject to the...

24 CFR 91.405 - Housing and homeless needs assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Consortia; Contents of Consolidated Plan § 91.405 Housing and homeless needs assessment. Housing and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Housing and homeless needs assessment. 91.405 Section 91.405 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of...

24 CFR 91.405 - Housing and homeless needs assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Consortia; Contents of Consolidated Plan § 91.405 Housing and homeless needs assessment. Housing and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Housing and homeless needs assessment. 91.405 Section 91.405 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of...

24 CFR 91.405 - Housing and homeless needs assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Consortia; Contents of Consolidated Plan § 91.405 Housing and homeless needs assessment. Housing and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Housing and homeless needs assessment. 91.405 Section 91.405 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of...

24 CFR 91.405 - Housing and homeless needs assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Consortia; Contents of Consolidated Plan § 91.405 Housing and homeless needs assessment. Housing and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Housing and homeless needs assessment. 91.405 Section 91.405 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of...

24 CFR 91.405 - Housing and homeless needs assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Consortia; Contents of Consolidated Plan § 91.405 Housing and homeless needs assessment. Housing and... 24 Housing and Urban Development 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Housing and homeless needs assessment. 91.405 Section 91.405 Housing and Urban Development Office of the Secretary, Department of...

PEG-based degradable networks for drug delivery applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ostroha, Jamie L.

The controlled delivery of therapeutic agents by biodegradable hydrogels has become a popular mechanism for drug administration in recent years. Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of polymer chains held together by crosslinks. Although the changes which the hydrogel undergoes in solution are important to a wide range of experimental studies, they have not been investigated systematically and the factors which influence the degree of swelling have not been adequately described. Hydrogels made of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) will generally resist degradation in aqueous conditions, while a hydrogel made from a copolymer of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PEG will degrade via hydrolysis of the lactic acid group. This ability to degrade makes these hydrogels promising candidates for controlled release drug delivery systems. The goal of this research was to characterize the swelling and degradation of both degradable and non-degradable gels and to evaluate the release of different drugs from these hydrogels, where the key variable is the molecular weight of the PEG segment. These hydrogels were formed by the addition and subsequent chemically crosslinking of methacrylate end groups. During crosslinking, both PEG and LA-PEG-LA hydrogels of varied PEG molecular weight were loaded with Vitamin B12, Insulin, Haloperidol, and Dextran. It was shown that increasing PEG molecular weight produces a hydrogel with larger pores, thus increasing water uptake and degradation rate. While many environmental factors do not affect the swelling behavior, they do significantly impact the degradation of the hydrogel, and thus the release of incorporated therapeutic agents.

PEG attachment to osteoblasts enhances mechanosensitivity.

PubMed

Hamamura, Kazunori; Weng, Yiming; Zhao, Jun; Yokota, Hiroki; Xie, Dong

2008-06-01

Fluid flow induces proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and fibrous structure like a primary cilium on a cell surface contributes to flow sensing and flow-driven gene regulation. We address a question: Does attachment of synthetic polymers on a cell surface enhance mechanosensitivity of osteoblasts? Using MC3T3 osteoblast cells (C4 clone) and a PEG polymer, one of whose termini was covalently linked to a succinimidyl succinate group (functionalized PEG-PEGSS), we examined attachment of PEGSS to osteoblasts and evaluated its effects on the mRNA expression of stress-responsive genes. AFM images exhibited globular PEGSS conformation of approximately 100 nm in size, and SEM images confirmed the attachment of a cluster of pancake-like PEGSS molecules on the osteoblast surface. Compared to control cells incubated with unfunctionalized PEG, real-time PCR revealed that RNA upregulation of c-fos, egr1, ATF3 and Cox2 genes was magnified in the cells incubated with PEGSS. These results support a PEG-induced increase in mechanosensitivity of osteoblasts and indicate that the described approach would be useful to accelerate growth and development of osteoblasts for bone repair and tissue engineering.

42 CFR 405.435 - Failure to maintain opt-out.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Failure to maintain opt-out. 405.435 Section 405.435 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.435 Failure to...

42 CFR 405.430 - Failure to properly opt-out.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Failure to properly opt-out. 405.430 Section 405.430 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Private Contracts § 405.430 Failure to...

20 CFR 405.20 - Good cause for extending deadlines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Good cause for extending deadlines. 405.20 Section 405.20 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR... for extending deadlines. (a) If you wish us to extend the deadline to request a review under § 405.210...

20 CFR 405.20 - Good cause for extending deadlines.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Good cause for extending deadlines. 405.20 Section 405.20 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW PROCESS FOR... for extending deadlines. (a) If you wish us to extend the deadline to request a review under § 405.210...

45 CFR 150.405 - Filing of request for hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Filing of request for hearing. 150.405 Section 150.405 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS CMS ENFORCEMENT IN GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL INSURANCE MARKETS Administrative Hearings § 150.405 Filing of...

45 CFR 150.405 - Filing of request for hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Filing of request for hearing. 150.405 Section 150.405 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS CMS ENFORCEMENT IN GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL INSURANCE MARKETS Administrative Hearings § 150.405 Filing of...

26 CFR 1.405-3 - Taxation of retirement bonds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Taxation of retirement bonds. 1.405-3 Section 1.405-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Pension, Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.405-3 Taxation of retirement...

26 CFR 1.405-3 - Taxation of retirement bonds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 5 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Taxation of retirement bonds. 1.405-3 Section 1.405-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Pension, Profit-Sharing, Stock Bonus Plans, Etc. § 1.405-3 Taxation of...

45 CFR 155.405 - Single streamlined application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 155.405 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS EXCHANGE ESTABLISHMENT STANDARDS AND OTHER RELATED STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT Exchange Functions in the Individual Market: Enrollment in Qualified Health Plans § 155.405 Single...

45 CFR 155.405 - Single streamlined application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 155.405 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS EXCHANGE ESTABLISHMENT STANDARDS AND OTHER RELATED STANDARDS UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT Exchange Functions in the Individual Market: Enrollment in Qualified Health Plans § 155.405 Single...

48 CFR 9904.405-63 - Effective date.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...-63 Section 9904.405-63 Federal Acquisition Regulations System COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD, OFFICE OF FEDERAL PROCUREMENT POLICY, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET PROCUREMENT PRACTICES AND COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS COST ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 9904.405-63 Effective date. This Standard is effective as of...

46 CFR 308.405 - Form of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Form of application. 308.405 Section 308.405 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk... may be obtained from the American War Risk Agency or MARAD. ...

46 CFR 308.405 - Form of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Form of application. 308.405 Section 308.405 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk... may be obtained from the American War Risk Agency or MARAD. ...

46 CFR 308.405 - Form of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Form of application. 308.405 Section 308.405 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk... may be obtained from the American War Risk Agency or MARAD. ...

46 CFR 308.405 - Form of application.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Form of application. 308.405 Section 308.405 Shipping MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCY OPERATIONS WAR RISK INSURANCE War Risk... may be obtained from the American War Risk Agency or MARAD. ...

Ring and peg electrodes for minimally-Invasive and long-term sub-scalp EEG recordings.

PubMed

Benovitski, Y B; Lai, A; McGowan, C C; Burns, O; Maxim, V; Nayagam, D A X; Millard, R; Rathbone, G D; le Chevoir, M A; Williams, R A; Grayden, D B; May, C N; Murphy, M; D'Souza, W J; Cook, M J; Williams, C E

2017-09-01

Minimally-invasive approaches are needed for long-term reliable Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to assist with epilepsy diagnosis, investigation and more naturalistic monitoring. This study compared three methods for long-term implantation of sub-scalp EEG electrodes. Three types of electrodes (disk, ring, and peg) were fabricated from biocompatible materials and implanted under the scalp in five ambulatory ewes for 3months. Disk electrodes were inserted into sub-pericranial pockets. Ring electrodes were tunneled under the scalp. Peg electrodes were inserted into the skull, close to the dura. EEG was continuously monitored wirelessly. High resolution CT imaging, histopathology, and impedance measurements were used to assess the status of the electrodes at the end of the study. EEG amplitude was larger in the peg compared with the disk and ring electrodes (p<0.05). Similarly, chewing artifacts were lower in the peg electrodes (p<0.05). Electrode impedance increased after long-term implantation particularly for those within the bone (p<0.01). Micro-CT scans indicated that all electrodes stayed within the sub-scalp layers. All pegs remained within the burr holes as implanted with no evidence of extrusion. Eight of 10 disks partially eroded into the bone by 1.0mm from the surface of the skull. The ring arrays remained within the sub-scalp layers close to implantation site. Histology revealed that the electrodes were encapsulated in a thin fibrous tissue adjacent to the pericranium. Overlying this was a loose connective layer and scalp. Erosion into the bone occurred under the rim of the sub-pericranial disk electrodes. The results indicate that the peg electrodes provided high quality EEG, mechanical stability, and lower chewing artifact. Whereas, ring electrode arrays tunneled under the scalp enable minimal surgical techniques to be used for implantation and removal. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PEG-Protein Interaction Induced Contraction of NalD Chains

PubMed Central

Yu, Jiyan; Chen, Weizhong; Wu, Chi; Chen, Hao

2014-01-01

In a recent attempt to crystallize a regulator of MexAB-OprM multi-drug efflux systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NalD), we found that adding polyethylene glycol (PEG3350, Mw = 3,350 g/mol) into the protein solution increases the speed of NalD migration in gel electrophoresis, signaling a smaller hydrodynamic size. At first we conjectured that NalD was degraded unexpectedly by PEG; however, we found that there was no change in its molar mass by MALDI-TOF characterization. Moreover, we found that adding polyacrylic acid (PAA) into the solution mixture returned the NalD migration to its normal speed. Furthermore, our analytic ultracentrifugation and dynamic laser light scattering results directly reveal that NalD interacts with PEG so that individual NalD chains gradually shrink as more PEG chains are added in the range of 10–50 mg/mL. Size exclusion chromatography also confirms that the NalD chain shrinks in the presence of PEG. A combination of these results indicates that PEG3350 chains can complex with NalD to induce an intra-protein chain contraction, presumably via the formation of hydrogen bond between –C-O-C– on PEG and –COOH on NalD, resulting in a smaller hydrodynamic size (faster migration) and a higher apparent molar mass. Note that because the presence of PEG affects osmotic pressure, it is considered to be a precipitator of protein crystallization. Our current finding reveals that the interaction of PEG/protein may play a significant role in protein crystallization. The complexation potentially makes the protein chain segments less flexible, and consequently makes crystallization easier. Hopefully, our current results will stimulate further studies in this direction. PMID:24810951

Protein resistance of dextran and dextran-PEG copolymer films

PubMed Central

Kozak, Darby; Chen, Annie; Bax, Jacinda; Trau, Matt

2011-01-01

The protein resistance of dextran and dextran-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) copolymer films was examined on an organosilica particle-based assay support. Comb-branched dextran-PEG copolymer films were synthesized in a two step process using the organosilica particle as a solid synthetic support. Particles modified with increasing amounts (0.1-1.2 mg m−2) of three molecular weights (10 000, 66 900, 400 000 g mol−1) of dextran were found to form relatively poor protein-resistant films compared to dextran-PEG copolymers and previously studied PEG films. The efficacy of the antifouling polymer films was found to be dependent on the grafted amount and its composition, with PEG layers being the most efficient, followed by dextran-PEG copolymers, and dextran alone being the least efficient. Immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) adsorption decreased from ~ 5 to 0.5 mg m−2 with increasing amounts of grafted dextran, but bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption increased above monolayer coverage (to ~2 mg m−2) indicating ternary adsorption of the smaller protein within the dextran layer. PMID:21614699

31 CFR 588.405 - Provision of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Provision of services. 588.405 Section 588.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE..., accounting, financial, brokering, freight forwarding, transportation, public relations, or other services to...

31 CFR 544.405 - Provision of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Provision of services. 544.405 Section 544.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE..., provide legal, accounting, financial, brokering, freight forwarding, transportation, public relations, or...

31 CFR 546.405 - Provision of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Provision of services. 546.405 Section 546.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY DARFUR SANCTIONS REGULATIONS Interpretations...

40 CFR 600.405-08 - Dealer requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Dealer requirements. 600.405-08 Section 600.405-08 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) ENERGY POLICY FUEL ECONOMY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES Dealer Availability of Fuel Economy...

40 CFR 600.405-08 - Dealer requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Dealer requirements. 600.405-08 Section 600.405-08 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) ENERGY POLICY FUEL ECONOMY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES Dealer Availability of Fuel Economy...

40 CFR 600.405-08 - Dealer requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Dealer requirements. 600.405-08 Section 600.405-08 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) ENERGY POLICY FUEL ECONOMY AND GREENHOUSE GAS EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES Dealer Availability of Fuel Economy...

7 CFR 1710.405 - Supplemental financing documents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Supplemental financing documents. 1710.405 Section... GUARANTEES Application Requirements and Procedures for Loans § 1710.405 Supplemental financing documents. (a) The borrower is responsible for ensuring that the loan documents required for supplemental financing...

Incremental validity of the MMPI-2-RF over-reporting scales and RBS in assessing the veracity of memory complaints.

PubMed

Gervais, Roger O; Ben-Porath, Yossef S; Wygant, Dustin B; Sellbom, Martin

2010-06-01

The Response Bias Scale (RBS) has been found to be a better predictor of over-reported memory complaints than Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) F, Back Infrequency (Fb), Infrequency-Psychopathology (Fp), and FBS scales. The MMPI-2-Restructured Form (RF) validity scales were designed to meet or exceed the sensitivity of their MMPI-2 counterparts to symptom over-reporting. This study examined the incremental validity of MMPI-2-RF validity scales and RBS in assessing memory complaints. The MMPI-2-RF over-reporting validity scales were more strongly associated with mean Memory Complaints Inventory scores than their MMPI-2 counterparts (d = 0.22 to 0.49). RBS showed the strongest relationship with memory complaints. Regression analyses demonstrated the incremental validity of the MMPI-2-RF Infrequent Responses, Infrequent Psychopathology Responses, Infrequent Somatic Responses, and FBS-r scales relative to MMPI-2 F, Fp, and FBS in predicting memory complaints. This is consistent with the development objectives of the MMPI-2-RF validity scales as more efficient and sensitive measures of symptom over-reporting.

RBS, XRR and optical reflectivity measurements of Ti-TiO{sub 2} thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Drogowska, K.; Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 23, 64287 Darmstadt; Tarnawski, Z., E-mail: tarnawsk@agh.edu.pl

2012-02-15

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The single-, bi- and tri-layered films of Ti-TiO{sub 2} deposited onto Si(1 1 1) substrates. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Three methods RBS, XRR, optical reflectometer were used. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The real thickness of each layer was smaller than 50 nm. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Ti and TiO{sub 2} film-densities were slightly lower than the corresponding bulk values. -- Abstract: Single-, bi- and tri-layered films of Ti-TiO{sub 2} system were deposited by d.c. pulsed magnetron sputtering from metallic Ti target in an inert Ar or reactive Ar + O{sub 2} atmosphere. The nominal thickness of each layer was 50 nm. The chemical composition and its depthmore » profile were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). Crystallographic structure was analysed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) at glancing incidence. X-ray reflectometry (XRR) was used as a complementary method for the film thickness and density evaluation. Modelling of the optical reflectivity spectra of Ti-TiO{sub 2} thin films deposited onto Si(1 1 1) substrates provided an independent estimate of the layer thickness. The combined analysis of RBS, XRR and reflectivity spectra indicated the real thickness of each layer less than 50 nm with TiO{sub 2} film density slightly lower than the corresponding bulk value. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) cross-sectional images revealed the columnar growth of TiO{sub 2} layers. Thickness estimated directly from SEM studies was found to be in a good agreement with the results of RBS, XRR and reflectivity spectra.« less

42 CFR 405.1002 - Right to an ALJ hearing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Right to an ALJ hearing. 405.1002 Section 405.1002 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE..., Reconsiderations, and Appeals Under Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) Alj Hearings § 405.1002 Right to an ALJ...

A method to optimize PEG-coating of red blood cells.

PubMed

Hashemi-Najafabadi, Sameereh; Vasheghani-Farahani, Ebrahim; Shojaosadati, Seyed Abbas; Rasaee, Mohammad Javad; Armstrong, Jonathan K; Moin, Mostafa; Pourpak, Zahra

2006-01-01

Alloimmunization to donor blood group antigens remains a significant problem in transfusion medicine. A proposed method to overcome donor-recipient blood group incompatibility is to mask the blood group antigens by the covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to the red blood cell (RBC) membrane. Despite much work in the development of PEG-coating of RBCs, there is a paucity of data on the optimization of the PEG-coating technique; it is the aim of this study to determine the optimum conditions for PEG coating using a cyanuric chloride reactive derivative of methoxy-PEG as a model polymer. Activated PEG of molecular mass 5 kDa was covalently attached to human RBCs under various reaction conditions. Inhibition of binding of a blood-type specific antiserum (anti-D) was employed to evaluate the effect of the PEG-coating, quantified by hemocytometry and flow-cytometry. RBC morphology was examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analysis of experimental design together with microscopy results showed that the optimum PEGylation conditions are pH = 8.7, temperature = 14 degrees C, and reaction time = 30 min. An optimum concentration of reactive PEG could not be determined. At high polymer concentrations (>25 mg/mL) a predominance of type III echinocytes was observed, and as a result, a concentration of 15 mg/mL is the highest recommended concentration for a linear PEG of molecular mass 5 kDa.

Quantitative analysis of PEG-functionalized colloidal gold nanoparticles using charged aerosol detection.

PubMed

Smith, Mackensie C; Crist, Rachael M; Clogston, Jeffrey D; McNeil, Scott E

2015-05-01

Surface characteristics of a nanoparticle, such as functionalization with polyethylene glycol (PEG), are critical to understand and achieve optimal biocompatibility. Routine physicochemical characterization such as UV-vis spectroscopy (for gold nanoparticles), dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential are commonly used to assess the presence of PEG. However, these techniques are merely qualitative and are not sensitive enough to distinguish differences in PEG quantity, density, or presentation. As an alternative, two methods are described here which allow for quantitative measurement of PEG on PEGylated gold nanoparticles. The first, a displacement method, utilizes dithiothreitol to displace PEG from the gold surface. The dithiothreitol-coated gold nanoparticles are separated from the mixture via centrifugation, and the excess dithiothreitol and dissociated PEG are separated through reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The second, a dissolution method, utilizes potassium cyanide to dissolve the gold nanoparticles and liberate PEG. Excess CN(-), Au(CN)2 (-), and free PEG are separated using RP-HPLC. In both techniques, the free PEG can be quantified against a standard curve using charged aerosol detection. The displacement and dissolution methods are validated here using 2-, 5-, 10-, and 20-kDa PEGylated 30-nm colloidal gold nanoparticles. Further value in these techniques is demonstrated not only by quantitating the total PEG fraction but also by being able to be adapted to quantitate the free unbound PEG and the bound PEG fractions. This is an important distinction, as differences in the bound and unbound PEG fractions can affect biocompatibility, which would not be detected in techniques that only quantitate the total PEG fraction.

Non-invasive quantitative micro-PIXE-RBS/EBS/EBS imaging reveals the lost polychromy and gilding of the Neo-Assyrian ivories from the Louvre collection.

PubMed

Albéric, Marie; Müller, Katharina; Pichon, Laurent; Lemasson, Quentin; Moignard, Brice; Pacheco, Claire; Fontan, Elisabeth; Reiche, Ina

2015-05-01

Antique objects are known to have been brightly colored. However, the appearance of these objects has changed over time and paint traces are rarely preserved. The surface of ivory objects (8th century B.C., Syria) from the Louvre museum collection (Paris) have been non-invasively studied by simultaneous particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and Rutherford and elastic backscattering spectrometry (RBS/EBS) micro-imaging at the AGLAE facility (C2RMF, Paris). Qualitative 2D chemical images of elements ranging from Na to Pb on the surface of the ancient ivory carvings provide evidence of lost polychromy and gilding. Quantitative PIXE data of specific areas allow discrimination between traces of sediments and former polychromy. Different shades of blue can be differentiated from particular Pb/Cu ratios. The characterization of gilding based on RBS data demonstrates the exceptional technological skills of the Phoenician craftsmen supposed to have carved the Arslan Tash ivories. More precise reconstructions of the original polychromy compared to previous studies and a criterion for the authentication of ancient gilded ivory object are proposed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

31 CFR 543.405 - Provision of services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Provision of services. 543.405 Section 543.405 Money and Finance: Treasury Regulations Relating to Money and Finance (Continued) OFFICE... authorized by or pursuant to this part, provide legal, accounting, financial, brokering, freight forwarding...

17 CFR 242.405 - Withdrawal of margin.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Withdrawal of margin. 242.405 Section 242.405 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (CONTINUED) REGULATIONS M, SHO, ATS, AC, AND NMS AND CUSTOMER MARGIN REQUIREMENTS FOR SECURITY FUTURES Customer Margin...

42 CFR 405.2404 - Terminations of agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Terminations of agreements. 405.2404 Section 405.2404 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES MEDICARE PROGRAM FEDERAL HEALTH INSURANCE FOR THE AGED AND DISABLED Rural Health Clinic and Federally...