Ecological risk assessment of a coastal zone in Southern Vietnam: Spatial distribution and content of heavy metals in water and surface sediments of the Thi Vai Estuary and Can Gio Mangrove Forest.

PubMed

Costa-Böddeker, Sandra; Hoelzmann, Philipp; Thuyên, Lê Xuân; Huy, Hoang Duc; Nguyen, Hoang Anh; Richter, Otto; Schwalb, Antje

2017-01-30

Enrichment of heavy metals was assessed in the Thi Vai Estuary and in the Can Gio Mangrove Forest (SE, Vietnam). Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn contents in water and in sediments were measured. Total organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and C/N ratios were determined. Cu and Cr values were higher than threshold effect level of toxicity, while Ni exceeded probable effect level, indicating the risk of probable toxicity effects. Enrichment factors (EF), contamination factor (CF) and Geo-accumulation index (I-geo) were determined. CF reveals moderate to considerable pollution with Cr and Ni. EF suggests anthropogenic sources of Cr, Cu and Ni. I-geo indicates low contamination with Co, Cu and Zn and moderate contamination with Cr and Ni. Overall metal contents were lower than expected for this highly industrialized region, probably due to dilution, suggesting that erosion rates and hydrodynamics may also play a role in metal contents distribution. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Visceral Adiposity Index: Relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in obese and overweight postmenopausal women--a MONET group study.

PubMed

Elisha, Belinda; Messier, Virginie; Karelis, Antony; Coderre, Lise; Bernard, Sophie; Prud'homme, Denis; Rabasa-Lhoret, Rémi

2013-08-01

A recent study suggested visceral adipose index (VAI) as an indicator of adipose tissue distribution and function associated with cardiometabolic risk. We aim to examine the association between VAI and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), insulin sensitivity, and a large panel of associated cardiometabolic risk factors, and to determine if changes in VAI after weight loss intervention will reflect changes in VAT. We performed a secondary analysis using the data of 99 overweight and postmenopausal women that completed a 6-month weight loss program (Montreal Ottawa New Emerging Team Study). VAI was calculated according to the equation by Amato et al. (2010; Diabetes Care, 33(4):920-922). At baseline, VAI was associated with VAT (r = 0.284, p < 0.01) but not with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) while body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were significantly related to both. BMI and WC demonstrated significantly stronger predictive value of VAT accumulation (area under the curve = 0.84 and 0.86, respectively) than VAI (area under the curve = 0.61; p < 0.01). However, VAT, BMI, WC, and VAI were similarly related to fasting insulin and glucose disposal rates. After a 6-month weight loss program, VAI decreased significantly and similarly in both intervention groups (p < 0.01). In addition, the percentage of change in VAI showed the significantly weakest correlation (r = 0.25) with the percentage of change in VAT than BMI (r = 0.56; p < 0.01 for r comparisons) and was not a significant predictor of interindividual percentage of change in VAT while BMI accounted for 33.7%. VAI is a weak indicator of VAT function and did not predict changes in VAT after weight loss. Furthermore, this index was not superior to BMI or WC. However, VAI is a good indicator of metabolic syndrome.

Effects of eHealth physical activity encouragement in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease: The PReVaiL randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Klausen, Susanne Hwiid; Andersen, Lars L; Søndergaard, Lars; Jakobsen, Janus Christian; Zoffmann, Vibeke; Dideriksen, Kasper; Kruse, Anne; Mikkelsen, Ulla Ramer; Wetterslev, Jørn

2016-10-15

To assess benefit and harms of adding an eHealth intervention to health education and individual counseling in adolescents with congenital heart disease. Randomized clinical trial. Denmark. A total of 158 adolescents aged 13-16years with no physical activity restrictions after repaired complex congenital heart disease. PReVaiL consisted of individually tailored eHealth encouragement physical activity for 52weeks. All patients received 45min of group-based health education and 15min of individual counseling involving patients' parents. The primary outcome was maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) at 52weeks after randomization. The secondary outcome was physical activity. Exploratory outcomes were generic and disease-specific questionnaires. In the intervention group, 58 patients (72%) completed the final test, but of those, only 46 (57%) fulfilled the compliance criteria of using the eHealth application for at least 2 consecutive weeks. In the control group, 61 patients (79%) completed both exercise tests. Adjusted for baseline values, the difference between the intervention group and the control group in mean VO2 peak at 1year was -0.65ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) (95% CI -2.66 to 1.36). Between-group differences at 1year in physical activity, generic health-related quality of life, and disease-specific quality of life were not statistically significant. Adding a tailored eHealth intervention to health education and individual counseling did not affect outcomes among adolescents with congenital heart disease. Our results do not support the use of this eHealth intervention in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease. Clinical trials.gov identifier: NCT01189981. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

78 FR 19632 - Special Local Regulations; St. Thomas Carnival Watersport Activities, Charlotte Amalie Harbor; St...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-02

...-AA08 Special Local Regulations; St. Thomas Carnival Watersport Activities, Charlotte Amalie Harbor; St... proposes to establish a special local regulation on the waters of Charlotte Amalie Harbor in St Thomas, USVI during the St. Thomas Carnival Watersport Activities, a high speed boat race. The event is...

Russia: St. Petersburg

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-04-17

article title:  St. Petersburg, Russia     View Larger Image ... The city in the south eastern portion of the image is Russia's St. Petersburg, which is the most northerly large city in the world at ...

Genotypic and phenotypic profiles of Escherichia coli isolates belonging to clinical sequence type 131 (ST131), clinical non-ST131, and fecal non-ST131 lineages from India.

PubMed

Hussain, Arif; Ranjan, Amit; Nandanwar, Nishant; Babbar, Anshu; Jadhav, Savita; Ahmed, Niyaz

2014-12-01

In view of the epidemiological success of CTX-M-15-producing lineages of Escherichia coli and particularly of sequence type 131 (ST131), it is of significant interest to explore its prevalence in countries such as India and to determine if antibiotic resistance, virulence, metabolic potential, and/or the genetic architecture of the ST131 isolates differ from those of non-ST131 isolates. A collection of 126 E. coli isolates comprising 43 ST131 E. coli, 40 non-ST131 E. coli, and 43 fecal E. coli isolates collected from a tertiary care hospital in India was analyzed. These isolates were subjected to enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-based fingerprinting, O typing, phylogenetic grouping, antibiotic sensitivity testing, and virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene (VAG) detection. Representative isolates from this collection were also analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), conjugation, metabolic profiling, biofilm production assay, and zebra fish lethality assay. All of the 43 ST131 E. coli isolates were exclusively associated with phylogenetic group B2 (100%), while most of the clinical non-ST131 and stool non-ST131 E. coli isolates were affiliated with the B2 (38%) and A (58%) phylogenetic groups, respectively. Significantly greater proportions of ST131 isolates (58%) than non-ST131 isolates (clinical and stool E. coli isolates, 5% each) were technically identified to be extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). The clinical ST131, clinical non-ST131, and stool non-ST131 E. coli isolates exhibited high rates of multidrug resistance (95%, 91%, and 91%, respectively), extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) production (86%, 83%, and 91%, respectively), and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production (28%, 33%, and 0%, respectively). CTX-M-15 was strongly linked with ESBL production in ST131 isolates (93%), whereas CTX-M-15 plus TEM were present in clinical and stool non-ST131 E. coli isolates. Using MLST, we confirmed the presence of two NDM-1

Epidemic potential of Escherichia coli ST131 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PubMed Central

Dautzenberg, M J D; Haverkate, M R; Bonten, M J M; Bootsma, M C J

2016-01-01

Objectives Observational studies have suggested that Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 have hyperendemic properties. This would be obvious from continuously high incidence and/or prevalence of carriage or infection with these bacteria in specific patient populations. Hyperendemicity could result from increased transmissibility, longer duration of infectiousness, and/or higher pathogenic potential as compared with other lineages of the same species. The aim of our research is to quantitatively estimate these critical parameters for E. coli ST131 and K. pneumoniae ST258, in order to investigate whether E. coli ST131 and K. pneumoniae ST258 are truly hyperendemic clones. Primary outcome measures A systematic literature search was performed to assess the evidence of transmissibility, duration of infectiousness, and pathogenicity for E. coli ST131 and K. pneumoniae ST258. Meta-regression was performed to quantify these characteristics. Results The systematic literature search yielded 639 articles, of which 19 data sources provided information on transmissibility (E. coli ST131 n=9; K. pneumoniae ST258 n=10)), 2 on duration of infectiousness (E. coli ST131 n=2), and 324 on pathogenicity (E. coli ST131 n=285; K. pneumoniae ST258 n=39). Available data on duration of carriage and on transmissibility were insufficient for quantitative assessment. In multivariable meta-regression E. coli isolates causing infection were associated with ST131, compared to isolates only causing colonisation, suggesting that E. coli ST131 can be considered more pathogenic than non-ST131 isolates. Date of isolation, location and resistance mechanism also influenced the prevalence of ST131. E. coli ST131 was 3.2 (95% CI 2.0 to 5.0) times more pathogenic than non-ST131. For K. pneumoniae ST258 there were not enough data for meta-regression assessing the influence of colonisation versus infection on ST258 prevalence. Conclusions With the currently available data

Vertebral artery injuries following cervical spine trauma: a prospective observational study.

PubMed

Mueller, Christian-Andreas; Peters, Inga; Podlogar, Martin; Kovacs, Attila; Urbach, Horst; Schaller, Karl; Schramm, Johannes; Kral, Thomas

2011-12-01

The purpose of this study was to report on the incidence, diagnosis and clinical manifestation of VAI following cervical spine injuries observed in a prospective observational study with a standardized clinical and radiographical protocol. During a 16-year period, 69 (mean age: 43 ± 20.7 years; 25 female, 44 male) of 599 patients had cervical spine injury suspicious for VAI due to facet luxation and/or fractures extending into the transverse foramen. Diagnosis and management of these patients followed a previously published protocol (Kral in Zentralbl Neurochir 63:153-158, 2002). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed in all 69 patients. Injury grading of VAI was done according to Biffl et al. (Ann Surg 231:672-681, 2000). All patients with VAI were treated with anticoagulation (heparin followed by ASS) for 6 months. In cases suspicious for VAI, the incidence of VAI detected by DSA was 27.5% (n = 19 of 69 patients). VAI Grade I occurred in 15.8%, Grade II in 26.3%, Grade IV in 52.6% and Grade V in 5.2%. Of 19 patients, 4 (21%) had clinical signs of vertebrobasilar ischemia. Two patients died in hospital after 4 and 21 days respectively. Of 69 patients, 33 (47.8%) with suspected VAI had unstable spine injuries and were treated surgically. In patients with cervical spine fractures or dislocations crossing the course of the vertebral artery, VAI are relatively frequent and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. VAI were identified by DSA in 27.5%. Despite anticoagulation therapy, 5.8% became clinically symptomatic and 2.9% died due to cerebrovascular ischemia.

33 CFR 100.915 - St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. 100.915 Section 100.915 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY REGATTAS AND MARINE PARADES SAFETY OF LIFE ON NAVIGABLE WATERS § 100.915 St. Clair River...

33 CFR 100.915 - St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. 100.915 Section 100.915 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. (a) Regulated Area. A regulated area is established to include all...

33 CFR 100.915 - St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. 100.915 Section 100.915 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. (a) Regulated Area. A regulated area is established to include all...

33 CFR 100.915 - St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. 100.915 Section 100.915 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. (a) Regulated Area. A regulated area is established to include all...

33 CFR 100.915 - St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Clair River Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. 100.915 Section 100.915 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... Classic Offshore Race, St. Clair, MI. (a) Regulated Area. A regulated area is established to include all...

St2-80: a new FISH marker for St genome and genome analysis in Triticeae.

PubMed

Wang, Long; Shi, Qinghua; Su, Handong; Wang, Yi; Sha, Lina; Fan, Xing; Kang, Houyang; Zhang, Haiqin; Zhou, Yonghong

2017-07-01

The St genome is one of the most fundamental genomes in Triticeae. Repetitive sequences are widely used to distinguish different genomes or species. The primary objectives of this study were to (i) screen a new sequence that could easily distinguish the chromosome of the St genome from those of other genomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and (ii) investigate the genome constitution of some species that remain uncertain and controversial. We used degenerated oligonucleotide primer PCR (Dop-PCR), Dot-blot, and FISH to screen for a new marker of the St genome and to test the efficiency of this marker in the detection of the St chromosome at different ploidy levels. Signals produced by a new FISH marker (denoted St 2 -80) were present on the entire arm of chromosomes of the St genome, except in the centromeric region. On the contrary, St 2 -80 signals were present in the terminal region of chromosomes of the E, H, P, and Y genomes. No signal was detected in the A and B genomes, and only weak signals were detected in the terminal region of chromosomes of the D genome. St 2 -80 signals were obvious and stable in chromosomes of different genomes, whether diploid or polyploid. Therefore, St 2 -80 is a potential and useful FISH marker that can be used to distinguish the St genome from those of other genomes in Triticeae.

78 FR 16780 - Special Local Regulation; 2013 International Rolex Regatta; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-19

... 1625-AA08 Special Local Regulation; 2013 International Rolex Regatta; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U... is establishing special local regulations on the waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U. S... changes to the regulation as originally proposed. On March 22, 2013, through March 24, 2013, the St...

76 FR 44531 - Safety Zone; Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-26

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St... proposes to establish a temporary safety zone on the waters of Tampa Bay in St. Petersburg, Florida during the Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display on Saturday, November 19, 2011...

76 FR 68098 - Safety Zone; Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-03

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St... Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the waters of Tampa Bay in St. Petersburg, Florida during the Fourth Annual Chillounge Night St. Petersburg Fireworks Display on Saturday, November 19, 2011...

78 FR 7663 - SLR; 2013 International Rolex Regatta; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-02-04

... 1625-AA08 SLR; 2013 International Rolex Regatta; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands... special local regulations on the waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands during... through March 24, 2013, the St. Thomas Yacht Club is sponsoring the 2013 Rolex Regatta, a series of sail...

ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS

PubMed Central

Smith, Margaret G.; Blattner, Russell J.; Heys, Florence M.

1946-01-01

A colony of chicken mites (Dermanyssus gallinae) was established from a single adult female mite and her offspring. This colony of mites was shown to be free of the virus of St. Louis encephalitis. Infection of mites from this homogeneous colony with the virus of St. Louis encephalitis was accomplished by feeding on chickens having viremia. The virus was recovered as readily from mites which had not been allowed to feed for 8 days as from mites freshly engorged, showing that the demonstration of virus in the mites does not depend on the presence of fresh infective chicken blood. Transovarian passage of the St. Louis virus into the second generation has been demonstrated in mites infected experimentally. The female mite infected as an adult can pass the St. Louis virus through eggs laid after additional feeding on normal blood. Persistence of the virus for a period of 6 months has been shown in a colony of mites infected experimentally in the laboratory. PMID:19871548

78 FR 16211 - Safety Zone, Corp. Event Finale UHC, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-14

... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone, Corp. Event Finale UHC, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands... establish a temporary safety zone on the waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands... near the St. Thomas Harbor channel from which fireworks will be lit. DATES: Comments and related...

ACTH Action on StAR Biology

PubMed Central

Clark, Barbara J.

2016-01-01

Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) produced by the anterior pituitary stimulates glucocorticoid synthesis by the adrenal cortex. The first step in glucocorticoid synthesis is the delivery of cholesterol to the mitochondrial matrix where the first enzymatic reaction in the steroid hormone biosynthetic pathway occurs. A key response of adrenal cells to ACTH is activation of the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. PKA activation results in an acute increase in expression and function of the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein (StAR). StAR plays an essential role in steroidogenesis- it controls the hormone-dependent movement of cholesterol across the mitochondrial membranes. Currently StAR's mechanism of action remains a major unanswered question in the field. However, some insight may be gained from understanding the mechanism(s) controlling the PKA-dependent phosphorylation of StAR at S194/195 (mouse/human StAR), a modification that is required for function. This mini-review provides a background on StAR's biology with a focus on StAR phosphorylation. The model for StAR translation and phosphorylation at the outer mitochondrial membrane, the location for StAR function, is presented to highlight a unifying theme emerging from diverse studies. PMID:27999527

ACTH Action on StAR Biology.

PubMed

Clark, Barbara J

2016-01-01

Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) produced by the anterior pituitary stimulates glucocorticoid synthesis by the adrenal cortex. The first step in glucocorticoid synthesis is the delivery of cholesterol to the mitochondrial matrix where the first enzymatic reaction in the steroid hormone biosynthetic pathway occurs. A key response of adrenal cells to ACTH is activation of the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. PKA activation results in an acute increase in expression and function of the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein (StAR). StAR plays an essential role in steroidogenesis- it controls the hormone-dependent movement of cholesterol across the mitochondrial membranes. Currently StAR's mechanism of action remains a major unanswered question in the field. However, some insight may be gained from understanding the mechanism(s) controlling the PKA-dependent phosphorylation of StAR at S194/195 (mouse/human StAR), a modification that is required for function. This mini-review provides a background on StAR's biology with a focus on StAR phosphorylation. The model for StAR translation and phosphorylation at the outer mitochondrial membrane, the location for StAR function, is presented to highlight a unifying theme emerging from diverse studies.

78 FR 16208 - Safety Zone; V. I. Carnival Finale; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-14

... 1625-AA00 Safety Zone; V. I. Carnival Finale; St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands AGENCY... establish a safety zone on the waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands during the V..., 2013, and will entail a barge being positioned near the St. Thomas Harbor channel from which fireworks...

78 FR 23489 - Safety Zone; V.I. Carnival Finale, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S.V.I.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-19

...-AA00 Safety Zone; V.I. Carnival Finale, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S.V.I. AGENCY: Coast Guard... waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands during the V.I. Carnival Finale, a... being positioned near the St. Thomas Harbor channel from which fireworks will be lit. The safety zone is...

78 FR 22778 - Safety Zone; Corp. Event Finale UHC, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S.V.I.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-17

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Corp. Event Finale UHC, St. Thomas Harbor; St. Thomas, U.S.V.I. AGENCY: Coast Guard... waters of St. Thomas Harbor in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands during the Corp. Event Finale UHC, a... barge being positioned near the St. Thomas Harbor channel from which fireworks will be lit. The safety...

76 FR 55158 - Approval of Noise Compatibility Program for Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, St. Louis, MO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-06

... Program for Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, St. Louis, MO AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration... noise compatibility program submitted by the St. Louis Airport Authority under the provisions of 49 U.S...''). On April 5, 2011, the FAA determined that the noise exposure maps submitted by the St. Louis Airport...

The spread of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Spain: WGS analysis of the emerging high-risk clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11/KPC-2, ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3.

PubMed

Oteo, Jesús; Pérez-Vázquez, María; Bautista, Verónica; Ortega, Adriana; Zamarrón, Pilar; Saez, David; Fernández-Romero, Sara; Lara, Noelia; Ramiro, Raquel; Aracil, Belén; Campos, José

2016-12-01

We analysed the microbiological traits and population structure of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected in Spain between 2012 and 2014. We also performed a comparative WGS analysis of the three major KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clones detected. Carbapenemase and ESBL genes were sequenced. The Institut Pasteur MLST scheme was used. WGS data were used to construct phylogenetic trees, to identify the determinants of resistance and to de novo assemble the genome of one representative isolate of each of the three major K. pneumoniae clones. Of the 2443 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates identified during the study period, 111 (4.5%) produced KPC. Of these, 81 (73.0%) were K. pneumoniae and 13 (11.7%) were Enterobacter cloacae. Three major epidemic clones of K. pneumoniae were identified: ST11/KPC-2, ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3. ST11/KPC-2 differed from ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3 by 27 819 and 6924 SNPs, respectively. ST101/KPC-2 differed from ST512/KPC-3 by 28 345 SNPs. Nine acquired resistance genes were found in ST11/KPC-2, 11 in ST512/KPC-3 and 13 in ST101/KPC-2. ST101/KPC-2 had the highest number of virulence genes (20). An 11 bp deletion at the end of the mgrB sequence was the cause of colistin resistance in ST512/KPC-3. KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae are increasing in Spain. Most KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates belonged to only five clones: ST11 and ST512 caused interregional spread, ST101 caused regional spread and ST1961 and ST678 produced independent hospital outbreaks. ST101/KPC-2 had the highest number of resistance and virulence genes. ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3 were recently implicated in the spread of KPC in Italy. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

The spread of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Spain: WGS analysis of the emerging high-risk clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11/KPC-2, ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3

PubMed Central

Oteo, Jesús; Pérez-Vázquez, María; Bautista, Verónica; Ortega, Adriana; Zamarrón, Pilar; Saez, David; Fernández-Romero, Sara; Lara, Noelia; Ramiro, Raquel; Aracil, Belén; Campos, José

2016-01-01

Objectives We analysed the microbiological traits and population structure of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected in Spain between 2012 and 2014. We also performed a comparative WGS analysis of the three major KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clones detected. Methods Carbapenemase and ESBL genes were sequenced. The Institut Pasteur MLST scheme was used. WGS data were used to construct phylogenetic trees, to identify the determinants of resistance and to de novo assemble the genome of one representative isolate of each of the three major K. pneumoniae clones. Results Of the 2443 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates identified during the study period, 111 (4.5%) produced KPC. Of these, 81 (73.0%) were K. pneumoniae and 13 (11.7%) were Enterobacter cloacae. Three major epidemic clones of K. pneumoniae were identified: ST11/KPC-2, ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3. ST11/KPC-2 differed from ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3 by 27 819 and 6924 SNPs, respectively. ST101/KPC-2 differed from ST512/KPC-3 by 28 345 SNPs. Nine acquired resistance genes were found in ST11/KPC-2, 11 in ST512/KPC-3 and 13 in ST101/KPC-2. ST101/KPC-2 had the highest number of virulence genes (20). An 11 bp deletion at the end of the mgrB sequence was the cause of colistin resistance in ST512/KPC-3. Conclusions KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae are increasing in Spain. Most KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates belonged to only five clones: ST11 and ST512 caused interregional spread, ST101 caused regional spread and ST1961 and ST678 produced independent hospital outbreaks. ST101/KPC-2 had the highest number of resistance and virulence genes. ST101/KPC-2 and ST512/KPC-3 were recently implicated in the spread of KPC in Italy. PMID:27530752

4-Year Trajectory of Visceral Adiposity Index in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PubMed

Zhang, Meilin; Zheng, Li; Li, Ping; Zhu, Yufeng; Chang, Hong; Wang, Xuan; Liu, Weiqiao; Zhang, Yuwen; Huang, Guowei

2016-01-01

Our aim was to evaluate whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) could predict the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in different genders and to compare the predictive ability between VAI and other fatness indices. Four thousand seventy-eight participants including 1,817 men and 2,261 women, aged 18 and older and free of T2D at baseline were enrolled in 2010 and followed up for 4 years. New cases of T2D were identified via the annual medical examination. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the association between VAI and incidence of T2D. Receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curves (AUC) were applied to compare the prediction ability of T2D between VAI and other fatness indices. During the 4-year follow-up, 153 (8.42%) of 1,817 men and 88 (3.89%) of 2,261 women developed T2D. The multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios for developing T2D in the highest tertile of VAI scores were 2.854 (95% CI 1.815-4.487) in men and 3.551 (95% CI 1.586-7.955) in women. The AUC of VAI was not higher than that of other fatness indices. VAI could predict the risk of T2D among Chinese adults, especially in women. However, the prediction ability of T2D risk for VAI was not higher than that of the other fatness indices. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Ocular Toxicity Profile of ST-162 and ST-168 as Novel Bifunctional MEK/PI3K Inhibitors.

PubMed

Smith, Andrew; Pawar, Mercy; Van Dort, Marcian E; Galbán, Stefanie; Welton, Amanda R; Thurber, Greg M; Ross, Brian D; Besirli, Cagri G

2018-04-30

ST-162 and ST-168 are small-molecule bifunctional inhibitors of MEK and PI3K signaling pathways that are being developed as novel antitumor agents. Previous small-molecule and biologic MEK inhibitors demonstrated ocular toxicity events that were dose limiting in clinical studies. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo ocular toxicity profiles of ST-162 and ST-168. Photoreceptor cell line 661W and adult retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE-19 were treated with increasing concentrations of bifunctional inhibitors. Western blots, cell viability, and caspase activity assays were performed to evaluate MEK and PI3K inhibition and dose-dependent in vitro toxicity, and compared with monotherapy. In vivo toxicity profile was assessed by intravitreal injection of ST-162 and ST-168 in Dutch-Belted rabbits, followed by ocular examination and histological analysis of enucleated eyes. Retinal cell lines treated with ST-162 or ST-168 exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of MEK and PI3K signaling. Compared with inhibition by monotherapies and their combinations, bifunctional inhibitors demonstrated reduced cell death and caspase activity. In vivo, both bifunctional inhibitors exhibited a more favorable toxicity profile when compared with MEK inhibitor PD0325901. Novel MEK and PI3K bifunctional inhibitors ST-162 and ST-168 demonstrate favorable in vitro and in vivo ocular toxicity profiles, supporting their further development as potential therapeutic agents targeting multiple aggressive tumors.

St. John's Wort (image)

MedlinePlus

The herb St. John's Wort is believed to be helpful in relieving mild to moderate depression, but should only be taken under a physician's supervision. St. John's Wort may clash with other medications or ...

First genome report on novel sequence types of Neisseria meningitidis: ST12777 and ST12778.

PubMed

Veeraraghavan, Balaji; Lal, Binesh; Devanga Ragupathi, Naveen Kumar; Neeravi, Iyyan Raj; Jeyaraman, Ranjith; Varghese, Rosemol; Paul, Miracle Magdalene; Baskaran, Ashtawarthani; Ranjan, Ranjini

2018-03-01

Neisseria meningitidis is an important causative agent of meningitis and/or sepsis with high morbidity and mortality. Baseline genome data on N. meningitidis, especially from developing countries such as India, are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the whole genome sequences of N. meningitidis isolates from a tertiary care centre in India. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using an Ion Torrent™ Personal Genome Machine™ (PGM) with 400-bp chemistry. Data were assembled de novo using SPAdes Genome Assembler v.5.0.0.0. Sequence annotation was performed through PATRIC, RAST and the NCBI PGAAP server. Downstream analysis of the isolates was performed using the Center for Genomic Epidemiology databases for antimicrobial resistance genes and sequence types. Virulence factors and CRISPR were analysed using the PubMLST database and CRISPRFinder, respectively. This study reports the whole genome shotgun sequences of eight N. meningitidis isolates from bloodstream infections. The genome data revealed two novel sequence types (ST12777 and ST12778), along with ST11, ST437 and ST6928. The virulence profile of the isolates matched their sequence types. All isolates were negative for plasmid-mediated resistance genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ST11 and ST437 N. meningitidis isolates in India along with two novel sequence types (ST12777 and ST12778). These results indicate that the sequence types circulating in India are diverse and require continuous monitoring. Further studies strengthening the genome data on N. meningitidis are required to understand the prevalence, spread, exact resistance and virulence mechanisms along with serotypes. Copyright © 2017 International Society for Chemotherapy of Infection and Cancer. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Isolation and characterization of styrene metabolism genes from styrene-assimilating soil bacteria Rhodococcus sp. ST-5 and ST-10.

PubMed

Toda, Hiroshi; Itoh, Nobuya

2012-01-01

Styrene metabolism genes were isolated from styrene-assimilating bacteria Rhodococcus sp. ST-5 and ST-10. Strain ST-5 had a gene cluster containing four open reading frames which encoded styrene degradation enzymes. The genes showed high similarity to styABCD of Pseudomonas sp. Y2. On the other hand, strain ST-10 had only two genes which encoded styrene monooxygenase and flavin oxidoreductase (styAB). Escherichia coli transformants possessing the sty genes of strains ST-5 and ST-10 produced (S)-styrene oxide from styrene, indicating that these genes function as styrene degradation enzymes. Metabolite analysis by resting-cell reaction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that strain ST-5 converts styrene to phenylacetaldehyde via styrene oxide by styrene oxide isomerase (styC) reaction. On the other hand, strain ST-10 lacked this enzyme, and thus accumulated styrene oxide as an intermediate. HPLC analysis showed that styrene oxide was spontaneously isomerized to phenylacetaldehyde by chemical reaction. The produced phenylacetaldehyde was converted to phenylacetic acid (PAA) in strain ST-10 as well as in strain ST-5. Furthermore, phenylacetic acid was converted to phenylacetyl-CoA by the catalysis of phenylacetate-CoA ligase in strains ST-5 and ST-10. This study proposes possible styrene metabolism pathways in Rhodococcus sp. strains ST-5 and ST-10. Copyright © 2011 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cooperative water-resources monitoring in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rheaume, Stephen J.; Neff, Brian P.; Blumer, Stephen P.

2007-01-01

As part of the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project, this report describes numerous cooperative water-resources monitoring efforts conducted in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin over the last 100 years. Cooperative monitoring is a tool used to observe and record changes in water quantity and quality over time. This report describes cooperative efforts for monitoring streamflows and flood magnitudes, past and present water-quality conditions, significant human-health threats, and flow-regime changes that are the result of changing land use. Water-resources monitoring is a long-term effort that can be made cost-effective by leveraging funds, sharing data, and avoiding duplication of effort. Without long-term cooperative monitoring, future water-resources managers and planners may find it difficult to establish and maintain public supply, recreational, ecological, and esthetic water-quality goals for the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin.

Identifying 21st Century Capabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stevens, Robert

2012-01-01

What are the capabilities necessary to meet 21st century challenges? Much of the literature on 21st century skills focuses on skills necessary to meet those challenges associated with future work in a globalised world. The result is a limited characterisation of those capabilities necessary to address 21st century social, health and particularly…

Association of Dietary Proportions of Macronutrients with Visceral Adiposity Index: Non-Substitution and Iso-Energetic Substitution Models in a Prospective Study.

PubMed

Moslehi, Nazanin; Ehsani, Behnaz; Mirmiran, Parvin; Hojjat, Parvane; Azizi, Fereidoun

2015-10-26

We aimed to investigate associations between dietary macronutrient proportions and prospective visceral adiposity index changes (ΔVAI). The study included 1254 adults (18-74 years), from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), who were followed for three years. Dietary intakes were assessed twice using food frequency questionnaires. Associations of dietary macronutrient with ΔVAI and risk of visceral adiposity dysfunction (VAD) after three years were investigated. The percentage of energy intake from protein in the total population, and from fat in women, were associated with higher increases in VAI. A 5% higher energy intake from protein substituted for carbohydrate, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was associated with higher ΔVAI. Higher energy intake from animal protein substituted for PUFAs was positively associated with ΔVAI. Substituting protein and PUFAs with MUFAs were related to higher ΔVAI. The associations were similar in men and women, but reached significance mostly among women. Risk of VAD was increased when 1% of energy from protein was replaced with MUFAs. Substituting protein for carbohydrate and fat, and fat for carbohydrate, resulted in increased risk of VAD in women. Higher dietary proportions of protein and animal-derived MUFA may be positively associated with ΔVAI and risk of VAD.

If F(ST) does not measure neutral genetic differentiation, then comparing it with Q(ST) is misleading. Or is it?

PubMed

Edelaar, Pim; Björklund, Mats

2011-05-01

The comparison between neutral genetic differentiation (F(ST) ) and quantitative genetic differentiation (Q(ST) ) is commonly used to test for signatures of selection in population divergence. However, there is an ongoing discussion about what F(ST) actually measures, even resulting in some alternative metrics to express neutral genetic differentiation. If there is a problem with F(ST) , this could have repercussions for its comparison with Q(ST) as well. We show that as the mutation rate of the neutral marker increases, F(ST) decreases: a higher within-population heterozygosity (He) yields a lower F(ST) value. However, the same is true for Q(ST) : a higher mutation rate for the underlying QTL also results in a lower Q(ST) estimate. The effect of mutation rate is equivalent in Q(ST) and F(ST) . Hence, the comparison between Q(ST) and F(ST) remains valid, if one uses neutral markers whose mutation rates are not too high compared to those of quantitative traits. Usage of highly variable neutral markers such as hypervariable microsatellites can lead to serious biases and the incorrect inference that divergent selection has acted on populations. Much of the discussion on F(ST) seems to stem from the misunderstanding that it measures the differentiation of populations, whereas it actually measures the fixation of alleles. In their capacity as measures of population differentiation, Hedrick's G'(ST) and Jost's D reach their maximum value of 1 when populations do not share alleles even when there remains variation within populations, which invalidates them for comparisons with Q(ST) . © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Visceral Adiposity Index: An Indicator of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

The Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) has recently proven to be an indicator of adipose distribution and function that indirectly expresses cardiometabolic risk. In addition, VAI has been proposed as a useful tool for early detection of a condition of cardiometabolic risk before it develops into an overt metabolic syndrome. The application of the VAI in particular populations of patients (women with polycystic ovary syndrome, patients with acromegaly, patients with NAFLD/NASH, patients with HCV hepatitis, patients with type 2 diabetes, and general population) has produced interesting results, which have led to the hypothesis that the VAI could be considered a marker of adipose tissue dysfunction. Unfortunately, in some cases, on the same patient population, there is conflicting evidence. We think that this could be mainly due to a lack of knowledge of the application limits of the index, on the part of various authors, and to having applied the VAI in non-Caucasian populations. Future prospective studies could certainly better define the possible usefulness of the VAI as a predictor of cardiometabolic risk. PMID:24829577

Screening via CT angiogram after traumatic cervical spine fractures: narrowing imaging to improve cost effectiveness. Experience of a Level I trauma center

PubMed Central

Lockwood, Megan M.; Smith, Gabriel A.; Tanenbaum, Joseph; Lubelski, Daniel; Seicean, Andreea; Pace, Jonathan; Benzel, Edward C.; Mroz, Thomas E.; Steinmetz, Michael P.

2017-01-01

OBJECT Screening for vertebral artery injury (VAI) following cervical spine fractures is routinely performed across trauma centers in North America. From 2002 to 2007, the total number of neck CT angiography (CTA) studies performed in the Medicare population after trauma increased from 9796 to 115,021. In the era of cost-effective medical care, the authors aimed to evaluate the utility of CTA screening in detecting VAI and reduce chances of posterior circulation strokes after traumatic cervical spine fractures. METHODS A retrospective review of all patients presenting with cervical spine fractures to Northeast Ohio’s Level I trauma institution from 2002 to 2012 was performed. RESULTS There was a total of 1717 cervical spine fractures in patients presenting to Northeast Ohio’s Level I trauma institution between 2002 and 2012. CTA screening was performed in 732 patients, and 51 patients (0.7%) were found to have a VAI. Fracture patterns with increased odds of VAI were C-1 and C-2 combined fractures, transverse foramen fractures, and subluxation of adjacent vertebral levels. Ten posterior circulation strokes were identified in this patient population (0.6%) and found in only 4 of 51 cases of VAI (7.8%). High-risk fractures defined by Denver Criteria, VAI, and antiplatelet treatment of VAI were not independent predictors of stroke. CONCLUSIONS Cost-effective screening must be reevaluated in the setting of blunt cervical spine fractures on a case-by-case basis. Further prospective studies must be performed to elucidate the utility of screening for VAI and posterior circulation stroke prevention, if identified. PMID:26613284

Vertebral artery injuries in cervical spine surgery.

PubMed

Lunardini, David J; Eskander, Mark S; Even, Jesse L; Dunlap, James T; Chen, Antonia F; Lee, Joon Y; Ward, Timothy W; Kang, James D; Donaldson, William F

2014-08-01

Vertebral artery injuries (VAIs) are rare but serious complications of cervical spine surgery, with the potential to cause catastrophic bleeding, permanent neurologic impairment, and even death. The present literature regarding incidence of this complication largely comprises a single surgeon or small multicenter case series. We sought to gather a large sample of high-volume surgeons to adequately characterize the incidence and risk factors for VAI, management strategies used, and patient outcomes after VAI. The study was constructed as a cross-sectional study comprising all cervical spine patients operated on by the members of the international Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS). All patients who have undergone cervical spine surgery by a current member of CSRS as of the spring of 2012. For each surgeon surveyed, we collected self-reported measures to include the number of cervical cases performed in the surgeon's career, the number of VAIs encountered, the stage of the case during which the injury occurred, the management strategies used, and the overall patient outcome after injury. An anonymous 10-question web-based survey was distributed to the members of the CSRS. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t tests for numerical outcomes and chi-squared analysis for categorical variables. One hundred forty-one CSRS members (of 195 total, 72%) responded to the survey, accounting for a total of 163,324 cervical spine surgeries performed. The overall incidence of VAI was 0.07% (111/163,324). Posterior instrumentation of the upper cervical spine (32.4%), anterior corpectomy (23.4%), and posterior exposure of the cervical spine (11.7%) were the most common stages of the case to result in an injury to the vertebral artery. Discectomy (9%) and anterior exposure of the spine (7.2%) were also common time points for an arterial injury. One-fifth (22/111) of all VAI involved an anomalous course of the vertebral artery. The most common management of VAI was by

76 FR 68101 - Safety Zone; Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-03

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, FL... temporary safety zone on the waters of Tampa Bay in the vicinity of Spa Beach in St. Petersburg, Florida during the Art Gallery Party St. Pete 2011 Fireworks Display on Friday, November 11, 2011. The safety...

77 FR 59035 - Notice of Intent To Rule on Request To Release Airport Property at the St. George Airport, St...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-09-25

... To Release Airport Property at the St. George Airport, St. George, UT AGENCY: Federal Aviation... rule and invite public comment on the release of land at St. George Airport under the provisions of..., City of St. George, Utah, at the following address: Mr. Gary Esplin, City Manager, City of St. George...

The role of mitochondrial fusion and StAR phosphorylation in the regulation of StAR activity and steroidogenesis.

PubMed

Castillo, Ana F; Orlando, Ulises; Helfenberger, Katia E; Poderoso, Cecilia; Podesta, Ernesto J

2015-06-15

The steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein regulates the rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis, i.e. the delivery of cholesterol from the outer (OMM) to the inner (IMM) mitochondrial membrane. StAR is a 37-kDa protein with an N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence that is cleaved off during mitochondrial import to yield 30-kDa intramitochondrial StAR. StAR acts exclusively on the OMM and its activity is proportional to how long it remains on the OMM. However, the precise fashion and the molecular mechanism in which StAR remains on the OMM have not been elucidated yet. In this work we will discuss the role of mitochondrial fusion and StAR phosphorylation by the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) as part of the mechanism that regulates StAR retention on the OMM and activity. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Vertebral artery injury associated with blunt cervical spine trauma: a multivariate regression analysis.

PubMed

Lebl, Darren R; Bono, Christopher M; Velmahos, George; Metkar, Umesh; Nguyen, Joseph; Harris, Mitchel B

2013-07-15

Retrospective analysis of prospective registry data. To determine the patient characteristics, risk factors, and fracture patterns associated with vertebral artery injury (VAI) in patients with blunt cervical spine injury. VAI associated with cervical spine trauma has the potential for catastrophical clinical sequelae. The patterns of cervical spine injury and patient characteristics associated with VAI remain to be determined. A retrospective review of prospectively collected data from the American College of Surgeons trauma registries at 3 level-1 trauma centers identified all patients with a cervical spine injury on multidetector computed tomographic scan during a 3-year period (January 1, 2007, to January 1, 2010). Fracture pattern and patient characteristics were recorded. Logistic multivariate regression analysis of independent predictors for VAI and subgroup analysis of neurological events related to VAI was performed. Twenty-one percent of 1204 patients with cervical injuries (n = 253) underwent screening for VAI by multidetector computed tomography angiogram. VAI was diagnosed in 17% (42 of 253), unilateral in 15% (38 of 253), and bilateral in 1.6% (4 of 253) and was associated with a lower Glasgow coma scale (P < 0.001), a higher injury severity score (P < 0.01), and a higher mortality (P < 0.001). VAI was associated with ankylosing spondylitis/diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperosteosis (crude odds ratio [OR] = 8.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-49.68; P = 0.034), and occipitocervical dissociation (P < 0.001) by univariate analysis and fracture displacement into the transverse foramen 1 mm or more (adjusted OR = 3.29; 95% CI, 1.15-9.41; P = 0.026), and basilar skull fracture (adjusted OR = 4.25; 95% CI, 1.25-14.47; P= 0.021), by multivariate regression model. Subgroup analyses of neurological events secondary to VAI occurred in 14% (6 of 42) and the stroke-related mortality rate was 4.8% (2 of 42). Neurological events were associated with male sex (P

St. Lucia.

PubMed

1987-06-01

The population of St Lucia was 123,000 in 1986, with an annual growth rate of 2%. The infant mortality rate stands at 22.2/1000 live births, and life expectancy is 70.3 years for males and 74.9 years for females. The literacy rate is 78%. St Lucia's labor force is allocated as follows: agriculture, 36.6%; industry and commerce, 20.1%; and services, 18.1%. The gross national product (GNP) was US$146 million in 1985, with an annual growth rate of 3% and a per capita GNP of $1071. St Lucia is a parliamentary democracy modeled on the British Westminster system. The island is divided into 16 parishes and 1 urban area (the capital, Castries). St Lucia is currently a politically stable country, although the high level of youth unemployment is a cause for concern. Ongoing stability may depend on the government's ability to provide services such as jobs and housing. The economy has evolved from a monocrop sugar plantation type to a diversified economy based on agriculture, industry, and tourism. Agriculture, dominated by the banana industry, is characterized by the participation of a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises. Industry is being encouraged through the provision of incentives such as tax rebates. The government is attempting to maintain a sound investment climate through a tripartite dialogue with the private sector and trade unions. Overall economic policy is predicated on the attraction of sound investments, by both local and foreign entities, to accelerate the rate of economic growth, solve the unemployment problem, and generate a solid balance-of-payments position.

27 CFR 9.51 - Isle St. George.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Isle St. George. 9.51... St. George. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is “Isle St. George.” (b) Approved maps. The approved map for determining the boundary of the Isle St. George viticultural...

ST. LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS

PubMed Central

Smith, Margaret G.; Blattner, Russell J.; Heys, Florence M.

1947-01-01

Transmission of the virus of St. Louis encephalitis to normal chickens by the bite of infected mites (Dermanyssus gallinae) has been demonstrated. Both experimentally infected and naturally infected mites were shown to be capable of transferring the virus of St. Louis encephalitis to chickens by bite. Virus is present in the blood of such chickens in small amounts, so that demonstration of viremia was possible only by utilizing chorioallantoic passage in hens' eggs. However, there is sufficient virus present in the blood for uninfected chicken mites to acquire the virus by feeding on chickens in which viremia has resulted from previous bite of infected mites. Thus it has been shown that the arachnid vector Dermanyssus gallinae is capable of transmitting the virus of St. Louis encephalitis to normal chickens by bite and that such chickens can serve as a source of virus for uninfected mites. PMID:19871673

27 CFR 9.149 - St. Helena.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false St. Helena. 9.149 Section... THE TREASURY LIQUORS AMERICAN VITICULTURAL AREAS Approved American Viticultural Areas § 9.149 St. Helena. (a) Name. The name of the viticultural area described in this section is “St. Helena.” (b...

Visceral adiposity index and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in hypogonadism.

PubMed

Haymana, Cem; Sonmez, Alper; Aydogdu, Aydogan; Tapan, Serkan; Basaran, Yalcin; Meric, Coskun; Baskoy, Kamil; Dinc, Mustafa; Yazici, Mahmut; Taslipinar, Abdullah; Barcin, Cem; Yilmaz, Mahmut Ilker; Bolu, Erol; Azal, Omer

2017-01-01

Cardiometabolic risk is high in patients with hypogonadism. Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio are the practical markers of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance and independent predictors of cardiaovascular risk. To date, no study has evaluated VAI levels and TG/HDL-C ratio in hypogonadism. A total of 112 patients with congenital hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (CHH) (mean age, 21.7 ± 2.06 years) and 124 healthy subjects (mean age, 21.5 ± 1.27 years) were enrolled. The demographic parameters, VAI, TG/HDL-C ratio, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured for all participants. The patients had higher total cholesterol (p = 0.04), waist circumference, triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels (p = 0.001 for all) than the healthy subjects. VAI and ADMA and TG/HDL-C levels were also higher in patients than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001 for all). VAI was weakly correlated with ADMA (r = 0.27, p = 0.015), HOMA-IR (r = 0.22, p = 0.006), hs-CRP (r = 0.19, p = 0.04), and total testosterone (r = -0.21, p = 0.009) levels, whereas TG/HDL-C ratio was weakly correlated weakly with ADMA (r = 0.30, p = 0.003), HOMA-IR (r = 0.22, p = 0.006), and total testosterone (r = -0.16, p = 0.03) levels. Neither VAI nor TG/HDL-C ratio determined ADMA, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP levels. The results of this study demonstrate that patients with hypogonadism have elevated VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio. These values are significantly correlated with the surrogate markers of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and insulin resistance. However, the predictive roles of VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio are not significant. Prospective follow-up studies are warranted to clarify the role of VAI and TG/HDL-C ratio in predicting cardiometabolic risk in patients with hypogonadism.

Characterization of the cod (Gadus morhua) steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) sheds light on StAR gene structure in fish.

PubMed

Goetz, Frederick W; Norberg, Birgitta; McCauley, Linda A R; Iliev, Dimitar B

2004-03-01

The full-length cDNA for the cod (Gadus morhua) StAR was cloned by RT-PCR and library screening using ovarian RNA. From the library screening, 2 size classes of cDNA were obtained; a 1577 bp cDNA (cStAR1) and a 2851 bp cDNA (cStAR2). The cStAR1 cDNA presumably encodes a protein of 286 amino acids. The cStAR2 cDNA was composed of 6 separated sequences that contained all of the coding regions of cStAR1 when added together, but also contained 5 noncoding regions not observed in cStAR1. Polymerase chain reactions of cod genomic DNA produced products slightly larger than cStAR2. The sequence of these products were the same as cStAR2 but revealed one additional noncoding region (intron). Thus, the fish StAR gene contains the same number of exons (7) and introns (6) as observed in mammals, but is approximately half the size of the mammalian gene. Using Northern analysis and RT-PCR, cStAR1 expression was observed only in testes, ovaries and head kidneys. Polymerase chain reaction products were also observed using cDNA from steroidogenic tissues and primers designed to regions specific for cStAR2, indicating that cStAR2 is expressed in tissues and may account for the presence of larger transcripts observed on Northern blots.

Measures of body adiposity and visceral adiposity index as predictors of metabolic syndrome among Thai women with PCOS.

PubMed

Techatraisak, Kitirat; Wongmeerit, Krissanee; Dangrat, Chongdee; Wongwananuruk, Thanyarat; Indhavivadhana, Suchada

2016-01-01

To evaluate the relationship between measures of body adiposity and visceral adiposity index (VAI) and risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and to identify the optimal cut-off points of each measurement in Thai polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A cross-sectional study was completed physical examination, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profiles of 399 PCOS and 42 age-matched normal controls. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and VAI were calculated. Associations between different measures and MS were evaluated and the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to determine appropriate cut-off points for identifying MS. Percentage of MS in PCOS was 24.6%, whereas none MS in controls. Previously recommended cut-off values for body adiposity and VAI were significantly associated with MS. ROC curve analysis of the only PCOS showed newly obtained optimal cut-off points for BMI and VAI of ≥28 kg/m(2) (AUC = 0.90) and >5.6 (AUC = 0.94), respectively. Values found to be more accurate than the original ones. VAI was the best predictor, followed by BMI and WHtR. All body adiposity and VAI parameters can predict the risk of MS. Optimal values for Thai PCOS were ≥28 kg/m(2) for BMI, ≥0.85 for WHR, ≥0.5 for WHtR and >5.6 for VAI.

Ventriculostomy-associated infection: a new, standardized reporting definition and institutional experience.

PubMed

Gozal, Yair M; Farley, Chad W; Hanseman, Dennis J; Harwell, Daniel; Magner, Mark; Andaluz, Norberto; Shutter, Lori

2014-08-01

Shortcomings created by the lack of both a uniform definition of ventriculostomy-associated infection (VAI) and reporting standards have led to widely ranging infections rates (2-24%) whose significance is uncertain. We propose a standardized definition of VAI and a consistent reporting format compliant with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for device-related infections. Using those parameters to establish an infection-control surveillance program, we report our 4-year institutional VAI rates. In this prospective study covering ventriculostomy utilization (October 2006-December 2010), 498 patients had a total of 4,673 ventriculostomy days. By review of the literature and our institutional analysis, we defined VAI as a positive CSF culture in a patient with ventriculostomy catheter, plus one or more of the following (1) fever recorded >101.5 °F or (2) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose level, either <50 mg/dL or <50% of a serum glucose level drawn within 24 h of the CSF glucose. In a report format that is CDC compliant, rates of VAI are reported. Among our patients, the CDC-compliant infection rate was 2.14 per 1,000 ventriculostomy days. Of the 10 VAIs occurring in 498 patients during 4,673 ventriculostomy days, this 2.0% infection rate was lower than the previously reported 8.8% composite rates of VAI. Average duration of ventriculostomy was 9.4 days. Neither antibiotic-impregnated catheters nor periprocedural or prophylactic antibiotics were used. Our standardized VAI definition and CDC format seems promising toward facilitating future study and guideline development. Given our strict protocol of sterile catheter placement and care, and our institution's low 2.0% infection rates, we propose an infection-rate target of ≤5 per 1,000 device days. Our results suggest that the use of antibiotics or antibiotic-impregnated catheters is unwarranted--a positive given concerns of evolving anti-microbial resistance.

Improving nurses' knowledge of continuous ST-segment monitoring.

PubMed

Chronister, Connie

2014-01-01

Continuous ST-segment monitoring can result in detection of myocardial ischemia, but in clinical practice, continuous ST-segment monitoring is conducted incorrectly and underused by many registered nurses (RNs). Many RNs are unable to correctly institute ST-segment monitoring guidelines because of a lack of education. To evaluate whether an educational intervention, provided to 32 RNs, increases knowledge and correct clinical decision making (CDM) for the use of continuous ST-segment monitoring. At a single institution, an ST-segment monitoring class was provided to RNs in 2 cardiovascular units. Knowledge and correct CDM instruments were used for a baseline pretest and subsequent posttest after ST-segment monitoring education. Statistical significance between pretest and posttest scores for knowledge and correct CDM practice was noted with dependent t tests (P = .0001). Many RNs responsible for electrocardiographic monitoring are not aware of evidence-based ST-segment monitoring practice guidelines and cannot properly place precordial leads needed for ST-segment monitoring. Knowledge and correct CDM with ST-segment monitoring can be improved with focused education.

Bacteria and emerging chemical contaminants in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin, Michigan

USGS Publications Warehouse

Fogarty, Lisa R.

2007-01-01

Introduction Since the enactment of the Clean Water Act in 1972, awareness of the quality of the Nation's water has continued to improve. Despite improvements to wastewater-treatment systems and increased regulation on waste discharge, bacterial and chemical contamination is still a problem for many rivers and lakes throughout the United States. Pathogenic microorganism and newly recognized chemical contaminants have been found in waters that are used for drinking water and recreation (Rose and Grimes, 2001; Kolpin and others, 2002). This summary of bacteria and emerging-chemical-contaminant monitoring in the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair Basin (fig. 1) was initiated by the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project (LSCRMP) in 2003, in cooperation with the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), the Counties of Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

75 FR 38723 - Safety Zone; St. Ignace 4th of July Fireworks, East Moran Bay, Lake Huron, St. Ignace, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-06

...-AA00 Safety Zone; St. Ignace 4th of July Fireworks, East Moran Bay, Lake Huron, St. Ignace, MI AGENCY... safety zone on East Moran Bay, Lake Huron, St. Ignace, Michigan. This zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of East Moran Bay during the St. Ignace 4th of July Fireworks display, July 4, 2010...

ST-segment monitoring: putting standards into practice.

PubMed

Flanders, Sonya A

2007-01-01

ST-segment monitoring is one key reason that continuous electrocardiographic monitoring is performed in hospitals, and can help with early detection of myocardial ischemia for at-risk patients. Although ST-segment monitoring research, guidelines, and expert consensus statements have been published, ST-segment monitoring has not been implemented in all appropriate clinical areas. The purpose of this article is to present relevant research, review the latest practice standards, and discuss issues important to nurses wishing to implement ST-segment monitoring.

Control Strategy Tool (CoST)

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The EPA Control Strategy Tool (CoST) is a software tool for projecting potential future control scenarios, their effects on emissions and estimated costs. This tool uses the NEI and the Control Measures Dataset as key inputs. CoST outputs are projections of future control scenarios.

ST-intuitionistic fuzzy metric space with properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arora, Sahil; Kumar, Tanuj

2017-07-01

In this paper, we define ST-intuitionistic fuzzy metric space and the notion of convergence and completeness properties of cauchy sequences is studied. Further, we prove some properties of ST-intuitionistic fuzzy metric space. Finally, we introduce the concept of symmetric ST Intuitionistic Fuzzy metric space.

Dissemination of ST131 and ST393 community-onset, ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli clones causing urinary tract infections in Korea.

PubMed

Lee, Mi Young; Choi, Hyeon Jin; Choi, Ji Young; Song, Minsuk; Song, Yoosuk; Kim, Shin-Woo; Chang, Hyun-Ha; Jung, Sook-In; Kim, Yeon-Sook; Ki, Hyun Kyun; Son, Jun Seong; Kwon, Ki Tae; Heo, Sang Taek; Yeom, Joon-Sup; Shin, Sang Yop; Chung, Doo Ryeon; Peck, Kyong Ran; Song, Jae-Hoon; Ko, Kwan Soo

2010-02-01

Ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli is growing concern in clinical settings. In this study, we investigated the distribution of virulence determinants and phylogenetic groups among community-onset, ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Korea. In addition, the evidence of clonal spread in the community was also examined. From November 2006 to August 2007, 543 community-onset E. coli isolates causing UTIs were collected as part of a multicenter surveillance study. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution method. Distribution of virulence determinants and phylogenetic groupings were examined. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was performed. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 154 isolates (28.4%) were ciprofloxacin-resistant. Of these, 129 ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates were further characterized. As a result of phylogenetic subgrouping, we found that phylogenetic subgroup D was the most predominant (46 isolates, 35.7%), followed by B2 (44 isolates, 34.1%), A (21 isolates, 16.3%), and B1 (18 isolates, 14.0%). MLST analysis showed 48 sequence types (STs). The most prevalent ST was ST131 (32 isolates, 24.8%), followed by ST393 (23 isolates, 17.8%). While all ST131 isolates belonged to phylogenetic subgroup B2, which is known to be a highly virulent, all ST393 isolates belonged to subgroup D. ST131 and ST393 showed different profiles of virulence factors; papA, papG allele III, and traT genes were significantly more prevalent in ST131 than in ST393 (p values, <0.001). Based on genotyping, it is suggested that epidemic and virulent ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli clones such as ST131 and ST393 have disseminated in Korea. However, the diversity of CTX-M genes in ST131 isolates may indicate that ESBL genes have been acquired independently or several ESBL-producing, ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli clones may have disseminated in the Korean

33 CFR 117.373 - St. Marys River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Marys River. 117.373 Section 117.373 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Georgia § 117.373 St. Marys River. See § 117.329, St...

[Relationship of visceral adiposity index with serum aminotransferase and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with sleep apnea].

PubMed

Qi, Jiachao; Lin, Qichang; Lin, Xin; Chen, Xiao

2015-11-10

To evaluate the relationship of visceral adiposity index (VAI) with serum aminotransferase levels and incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with sleep apnea (SA). Between January 2011 and December 2014, participants who were referred from Fujian Provincial Sleep-disordered Breathing (SDB) Clinic Center with repeated snoring or a clinical suspicion of SDB were recruited. All individuals underwent polysomnography (PSG) testing and an abdominal ultrasonography scan during this period. They were classified into four groups by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), non-SA group, mild, moderate and severe group (AHI<5/h, 5-<15/h, 15-<30/h, ≥30/h, respectively). The differences in SA-related parameters, serum aminotransferase and VAI were tested, and the correlations of VAI with indices of PSG and serum aminotransferase were analyzed using Spearman coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to obtain a cut-off value of VAI for predicting NAFLD. Afterwards, logistic regression was performed to analyze VAI's predictive ability regarding incidence of NAFLD in SDB patients. A total of 152 participants including 110 males and 42 females were analyzed, with mean age (51.1±11.3) years. There were 20 subjects in non-SA group, 31 in mild, 39 in moderate and 62 in severe group, with 92 NAFLD patients and 60 controls. No differences in sex, age, alkaline phosphatase were observed among groups according to AHI. However, body mass index, waist circumference, AHI, lowest oxygen saturation, oxygen desaturation index(ODI), VAI, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) and incidence of NAFLD were significantly different among groups. Significant positive relations were observed between VAI and AHI (β=0.222, P=0.006), ODI (β=0.216, P=0.008), ALT (β=0.237, P=0.003), GGT (β=0.238, P=0.003). As shown in ROC curve, the cut-off point of VAI for predicting NAFLD was 1.59 in all individuals

33 CFR 117.1099 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.1099 Section... DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Wisconsin § 117.1099 St. Croix River. See § 117.667, St. Croix River, listed under Minnesota. [CGD 92-015, 57 FR 37880, Aug. 21, 1992] ...

Differences in symptoms, first medical contact and pre-hospital delay times between patients with ST- and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Ängerud, Karin H; Sederholm Lawesson, Sofia; Isaksson, Rose-Marie; Thylén, Ingela; Swahn, Eva

2017-11-01

In ST-elevation myocardial infarction, time to reperfusion is crucial for the prognosis. Symptom presentation in myocardial infarction influences pre-hospital delay times but studies about differences in symptoms between patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction are sparse and inconclusive. The aim was to compare symptoms, first medical contact and pre-hospital delay times in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. This multicentre, observational study included 694 myocardial infarction patients from five hospitals. The patients filled in a questionnaire about their pre-hospital experiences within 24 h of hospital admittance. Chest pain was the most common symptom in ST-elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (88.7 vs 87.0%, p=0.56). Patients with cold sweat (odds ratio 3.61, 95% confidence interval 2.29-5.70), jaw pain (odds ratio 2.41, 95% confidence interval 1.04-5.58), and nausea (odds ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.01-2.87) were more likely to present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, whereas the opposite was true for symptoms that come and go (odds ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.38-0.90) or anxiety (odds ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.92). Use of emergency medical services was higher among patients admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The pre-hospital delay time from symptom onset to first medical contact was significantly longer in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (2:05 h vs 1:10 h, p=0.001). Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction differed from those with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction regarding symptom presentation, ambulance utilisation and pre-hospital delay times. This knowledge is important to be aware of for all healthcare personnel and the general public especially in order to recognise symptoms suggestive of ST-elevation myocardial infarction and

21st Century Skills Map

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2011

2011-01-01

The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P21) has forged alliances with key national organizations representing the core academic subjects, including Social Studies, English, Math, Science, Geography, World Languages and the Arts. These collaborations have resulted in the development of 21st Century Skills Maps that illustrate the essential…

33 CFR 117.651 - St. Joseph River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Joseph River. 117.651 Section... DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.651 St. Joseph River. The draws of the US33 (Blossomland) bridge, mile 0.9, and the BL-94 (Bicentennial) bridge, mile 1.3, both at St. Joseph...

Reciprocal ST-Segment Changes in Myocardial Infarction: Ischemia at Distance Versus Mirror Reflection of ST-Elevation.

PubMed

Vaidya, Gaurang Nandkishor; Antoine, Steve; Imam, Syed Haider; Kozman, Hani; Smulyan, Harold; Villarreal, Daniel

2018-02-01

Reciprocal ST-depression in the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) results from either true ischemia at a distance via collateral circulation diverting blood to the infarcted region or an electrical phenomenon that results from a mirror reflection of ST-elevation. We aimed to identify the role of reciprocal ECG changes in predicting collateral circulation to the infarcted area determined angiographically. In a retrospective study, ECG and angiography of 53 STEMI patients admitted to SUNY Upstate Medical University in 2014 were reviewed independently by experts blinded to the results of ECG and coronary angiography. Reciprocal changes (RC) in ECG were present in 41 patients (77%) and on angiography, 14 patients (26%) exhibited collateral vessels to the ischemic areas. No correlation was found between the presence of RC and collateral circulation (P = 0.384), or between the depth of reciprocal ST-depression and the degree of the collateral circulation (P = 0.195). However, 84% of patients without collaterals exhibited resolution of RC after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (P = 0.036), suggesting that the ST depressions that resolved after reperfusion were directly caused by the culprit vessel. Patients without RC presented late after symptom onset (9.25 versus 3.83 hours, P = 0.004), also suggesting time related resolution. RC had no relation to or predictive value for collaterals on angiography. Among late presenting patients, RC were less frequent. Thus, reciprocal ST-depression may represent subendocardial ischemia from the primary coronary event or simply an electrical phenomenon, rather than ischemia at distance from impaired collateral circulation. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Escherichia coli ST131, an Intriguing Clonal Group

PubMed Central

Bertrand, Xavier; Madec, Jean-Yves

2014-01-01

SUMMARY In 2008, a previously unknown Escherichia coli clonal group, sequence type 131 (ST131), was identified on three continents. Today, ST131 is the predominant E. coli lineage among extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) isolates worldwide. Retrospective studies have suggested that it may originally have risen to prominence as early as 2003. Unlike other classical group B2 ExPEC isolates, ST131 isolates are commonly reported to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases, such as CTX-M-15, and almost all are resistant to fluoroquinolones. Moreover, ST131 E. coli isolates are considered to be truly pathogenic, due to the spectrum of infections they cause in both community and hospital settings and the large number of virulence-associated genes they contain. ST131 isolates therefore seem to contradict the widely held view that high levels of antimicrobial resistance are necessarily associated with a fitness cost leading to a decrease in pathogenesis. Six years after the first description of E. coli ST131, this review outlines the principal traits of ST131 clonal group isolates, based on the growing body of published data, and highlights what is currently known and what we need to find out to provide public health authorities with better information to help combat ST131. PMID:24982321

Stückelberg formulation of holography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dvali, Gia; Gomez, Cesar; Wintergerst, Nico

2016-10-01

We suggest that holography can be formulated in terms of the information capacity of the Stückelberg degrees of freedom that maintain gauge invariance of the theory in the presence of an information boundary. These Stückelbergs act as qubits that account for a certain fraction of quantum information. Their information capacity is measured by the ratio of the inverse Stückelberg energy gap to the size of the system. Systems with the smallest gap are maximally holographic. For massless gauge systems this information measure is universally equal to the inverse coupling evaluated at the systems' length scale. In this language it becomes very transparent why the Stückelberg information capacity of black holes saturates the Bekenstein bound and accounts for the entire information of the system. The physical reason is that the strength of quantum interaction is bounded from below by the gravitational coupling, which scales as area. Observing the striking similarity between the scalings of the energy gap of the boundary Stückelberg modes and the Bogoliubov modes of critical many-body systems, we establish a connection between holography and quantum criticality through the correspondence between these modes.

Situation Report--Antigua, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Planned Parenthood Federation, London (England).

Data relating to population and family planning in nine foreign countries are presented in these situation reports. Countries included are: Antigua, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa), St. Lucia, and St. Vincent. Information is provided under two topics, general background and family planning…

Continuous monitoring of Mount St. Helens Volcano

USGS Publications Warehouse

Spall, H.

1980-01-01

Day by day monitoring of the Mount St. Helens Volcano. These are four scenarios, very different scenarios, that can occur in a average week at Mount St. Helens. Ranging from eruptions of gas and to steam to eruptions of ash and pyroclastic flows to even calm days. This example of monitoring illustrates the differences from day to day volcanic activities at Mount St. Helens. 

Cape St. Mary

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2007-01-01

Another of the best examples of spectacular cross-bedding in Victoria crater are the outcrops at Cape St. Mary, which is an approximately 15 m (45 foot) high promontory located along the western rim of Victoria crater and near the beginning of the rover's traverse around the rim. Like the Cape St. Vincent images, these Pancam super-resolution images have allowed scientists to discern that the rocks at Victoria Crater once represented a large dune field that migrated across this region.

This is a Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity Panoramic Camera image mosaic acquired on sol 1213 (June 23, 2007), and was constructed from a mathematical combination of 32 different blue filter (480 nm) images.

Suspended sediment in the St. Francis River at St. Francis, Arkansas, 1986-95

USGS Publications Warehouse

Green, W. Reed; Barks, C. Shane; Hall, Alan P.

2000-01-01

Daily suspended-sediment concentrations were analyzed from the St. Francis River at St. Francis, Arkansas during 1986 through 1995. Suspended-sediment particle size distribution was measured in selected samples from 1978 through 1998. These data are used to assess changes in suspended-sediment concentrations and loads through time. Suspended-sediment concentrations were positively related to discharge. At higher flows, percent silt-clay was negatively related to discharge. Nonparametric trend analysis (Mann-Kendall test) of suspended-sediment concentration over the period of record indicated a slight decrease in concentration. Flow-adjusted residuals of suspended-sediment concentration also decreased slightly through the same period. No change was identified in annual suspended-sediment load or annual flow-weighted concentration. Continued monitorig of daily-suspended-sediment concentrations at this site and others, and similar data analysis at other sites where data are available will provide a better understanding of sediment transport withint the St. Francis River.

21st Century Skills Map: English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2008

2008-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of English.

21st Century Skills Map: Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2008

2008-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Science.

21st Century Skills Map: Geography

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2009

2009-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Geography.

VaST: A variability search toolkit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sokolovsky, K. V.; Lebedev, A. A.

2018-01-01

Variability Search Toolkit (VaST) is a software package designed to find variable objects in a series of sky images. It can be run from a script or interactively using its graphical interface. VaST relies on source list matching as opposed to image subtraction. SExtractor is used to generate source lists and perform aperture or PSF-fitting photometry (with PSFEx). Variability indices that characterize scatter and smoothness of a lightcurve are computed for all objects. Candidate variables are identified as objects having high variability index values compared to other objects of similar brightness. The two distinguishing features of VaST are its ability to perform accurate aperture photometry of images obtained with non-linear detectors and handle complex image distortions. The software has been successfully applied to images obtained with telescopes ranging from 0.08 to 2.5 m in diameter equipped with a variety of detectors including CCD, CMOS, MIC and photographic plates. About 1800 variable stars have been discovered with VaST. It is used as a transient detection engine in the New Milky Way (NMW) nova patrol. The code is written in C and can be easily compiled on the majority of UNIX-like systems. VaST is free software available at http://scan.sai.msu.ru/vast/.

Lock No. 1 St. Lucie Canal. Upper gate structure, masonry ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

Lock No. 1- St. Lucie Canal. Upper gate structure, masonry plan- masonry elevations. - St. Lucie Canal, St. Lucie Lock No. 1, St. Lucie, Cross State Canal, Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway, Stuart, Martin County, FL

View of Minneapolis-St.Paul, Minnesota area

NASA Image and Video Library

1973-08-30

SL3-28-009 (July-September 1973) --- A near vertical view of the Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota area, as photographed from Earth orbit by one of the six lenses of the Itek-furnished S190-A Multispectral Photographic Facility Experiment in the Multiple Docking Adapter of the Skylab space station. A 150mm lens, with SO-356 high definition Ektachrome film, was used to take this picture. The Mississippi River flows southeasterly through this large metropolitan area. Minneapolis is on the west bank of the Mississippi. The Minnesota River makes a large bend at the southern edge of the picture then flows northeasterly to empty into the Mississippi at Minneapolis-St. Paul. The St. Croix River, which serves as a portion of the boundary between Minnesota and Wisconsin, flows into the Mississippi downstream from the twin cities. A long, nearly straight, stretch of Interstate 35 leads southward from Minneapolis-St. Paul. Interstate 94 parallels the Mississippi toward the northwest. The highway and road network in the area is clearly visible. Note the numerous small lakes in the photograph. This view includes the smaller cities of Hastings, Faribault, Owatonna, Mankato, St. Peter, New Ulm and St. Cloud. The S190-A experiment is part of the Skylab Earth Resources Experiments Package. Photo credit: NASA

What is the best ST-segment recovery parameter to predict clinical outcome and myocardial infarct size? Amplitude, speed, and completeness of ST-segment recovery after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Kuijt, Wichert J; Green, Cindy L; Verouden, Niels J W; Haeck, Joost D E; Tzivoni, Dan; Koch, Karel T; Stone, Gregg W; Lansky, Alexandra J; Broderick, Samuel; Tijssen, Jan G P; de Winter, Robbert J; Roe, Matthew T; Krucoff, Mitchell W

ST-segment recovery (STR) is a strong mechanistic correlate of infarct size (IS) and outcome in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Characterizing measures of speed, amplitude, and completeness of STR may extend the use of this noninvasive biomarker. Core laboratory continuous 24-h 12-lead Holter ECG monitoring, IS by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and 30-day mortality of 2 clinical trials of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in STEMI were combined. Multiple ST measures (STR at last contrast injection (LC) measured from peak value; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 240min, residual deviation; time to steady ST recovery; and the 3-h area under the time trend curve [ST-AUC] from LC) were univariably correlated with IS and predictive of mortality. After multivariable adjustment for ST-parameters and GRACE risk factors, STR at 240min remained an additive predictor of mortality. Early STR, residual deviation, and ST-AUC remained associated with IS. Multiple parameters that quantify the speed, amplitude, and completeness of STR predict mortality and correlate with IS. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Chicago-St. Louis high speed rail plan

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stead, M.E.

1994-12-31

The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT), in cooperation with Amtrak, undertook the Chicago-St. Louis High Speed Rail Financial and Implementation Plan study in order to develop a realistic and achievable blueprint for implementation of high speed rail in the Chicago-St. Louis corridor. This report presents a summary of the Price Waterhouse Project Team`s analysis and the Financial and Implementation Plan for implementing high speed rail service in the Chicago-St. Louis corridor.

Correlation of Miocene strata on the submarine St. Croix Ridge and onland St. Croix, US Virgin Islands

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

von Salis, Katharina; Speed, Robert

1995-03-01

The nannofossils of an hydraulic piston core from the steep scarp between the St. Croix Ridge and Virgin Islands Basin were restudied. Formerly thought to represent a Pliocene debris flow, we interpret it as an early Miocene (NN1/2) hemipelagic deposit. We correlate the seismic unit sampled by piston core with the Kingshill-Jealousy Formation present on St. Croix. These sediments likely belong to an extensive, thick, deep marine cover of the St. Croix Ridge, deposited on a metamorphic—igneous basement between early Eocene and early Miocene time. Faulting did not evidently affect this sediment cover until the late Neogene.

11. Photocopy of photograph (from St. Paul's Church) Photographer unknown ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Photocopy of photograph (from St. Paul's Church) Photographer unknown 1886 'EPISCOPAL CHURCH, CORNER OF 1ST AND J ST. BENICIA' WEST AND SOUTH SIDES - St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 120 East J Street, Benicia, Solano County, CA

E-st@r-I experience: Valuable knowledge for improving the e-st@r-II design

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Corpino, S.; Obiols-Rabasa, G.; Mozzillo, R.; Nichele, F.

2016-04-01

Many universities all over the world have now established hands-on education programs based on CubeSats. These small and cheap platforms are becoming more and more attractive also for other-than-educational missions, such as technology demonstration, science applications, and Earth observation. This new paradigm requires the development of adequate technology to increase CubeSat performance and mission reliability, because educationally-driven missions have often failed. In 2013 the ESA Education Office launched the Fly Your Satellite! Programme which aims at increasing CubeSat mission reliability through several actions: to improve design implementation, to define best practices for conducting the verification process, and to make the CubeSat community aware of the importance of verification. Within this framework, the CubeSat team at Politecnico di Torino developed the e-st@r-II CubeSat as follow-on of the e-st@r-I satellite, launched in 2012 on the VEGA Maiden Flight. E-st@r-I and e-st@r-II are both 1U satellites with educational and technology demonstration objectives: to give hands-on experience to university students and to test an active attitude determination and control system based on inertial and magnetic measurements with magnetic actuation. This paper describes the know-how gained thanks to the e-st@r-I mission, and how this heritage has been translated into the improvement of the new CubeSat in several areas and lifecycle phases. The CubeSat design has been reviewed to reduce the complexity of the assembly procedure and to deal with possible failures of the on-board computer, for example re-coding the software in the communications subsystem. New procedures have been designed and assessed for the verification campaign accordingly to ECSS rules and with the support of ESA specialists. Different operative modes have been implemented to handle some anomalies observed during the operations of the first satellite. A new version of the on-board software is

St. Louis Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project

USGS Publications Warehouse

Williams, Robert A.; Steckel, Phyllis; Schweig, Eugene

2007-01-01

St. Louis has experienced minor earthquake damage at least 12 times in the past 200 years. Because of this history and its proximity to known active earthquake zones, the St. Louis Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project will produce digital maps that show variability of earthquake hazards in the St. Louis area. The maps will be available free via the internet. They can be customized by the user to show specific areas of interest, such as neighborhoods or transportation routes.

Electrocardiogram ST-Segment Morphology Delineation Method Using Orthogonal Transformations

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Differentiation between ischaemic and non-ischaemic transient ST segment events of long term ambulatory electrocardiograms is a persisting weakness in present ischaemia detection systems. Traditional ST segment level measuring is not a sufficiently precise technique due to the single point of measurement and severe noise which is often present. We developed a robust noise resistant orthogonal-transformation based delineation method, which allows tracing the shape of transient ST segment morphology changes from the entire ST segment in terms of diagnostic and morphologic feature-vector time series, and also allows further analysis. For these purposes, we developed a new Legendre Polynomials based Transformation (LPT) of ST segment. Its basis functions have similar shapes to typical transient changes of ST segment morphology categories during myocardial ischaemia (level, slope and scooping), thus providing direct insight into the types of time domain morphology changes through the LPT feature-vector space. We also generated new Karhunen and Lo ève Transformation (KLT) ST segment basis functions using a robust covariance matrix constructed from the ST segment pattern vectors derived from the Long Term ST Database (LTST DB). As for the delineation of significant transient ischaemic and non-ischaemic ST segment episodes, we present a study on the representation of transient ST segment morphology categories, and an evaluation study on the classification power of the KLT- and LPT-based feature vectors to classify between ischaemic and non-ischaemic ST segment episodes of the LTST DB. Classification accuracy using the KLT and LPT feature vectors was 90% and 82%, respectively, when using the k-Nearest Neighbors (k = 3) classifier and 10-fold cross-validation. New sets of feature-vector time series for both transformations were derived for the records of the LTST DB which is freely available on the PhysioNet website and were contributed to the LTST DB. The KLT and LPT

Who Will the 21st-Century Learners Be?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dweck, Carol

2009-01-01

In the "Standards for the 21st-Century Learner," the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) describes the skills, dispositions, responsibilities, and self-assessment strategies that are necessary for a 21st-century learner. However, as wonderful as AASL's 21st-century goals sound, they will fall on deaf ears because students who have a…

33 CFR 110.183 - St. Johns River, Florida.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Johns River, Florida. 110.183... ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.183 St. Johns River, Florida. (a) The anchorage grounds—(1... anchor in the St. Johns River, as depicted on NOAA chart 11491, between the entrance buoy (STJ) and the...

Role of Soluble ST2 Levels and Beta-Blockers Dosage on Cardiovascular Events of Patients with Unselected ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

PubMed Central

Huang, Wei-Ping; Zheng, Xuan; He, Lei; Su, Xi; Liu, Cheng-Wei; Wu, Ming-Xiang

2018-01-01

Background: Serum soluble ST2 (sST2) levels are elevated early after acute myocardial infarction and are related to adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and cardiovascular outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Beta-blockers (BB) have been shown to improve LV remodeling and survival. However, the relationship between sST2, final therapeutic BB dose, and cardiovascular outcomes in STEMI patients remains unknown. Methods: A total of 186 STEMI patients were enrolled at the Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital between January 2015 and June 2015. All patients received standard treatment and were followed up for 1 year. Serum sST2 was measured at baseline. Patients were divided into four groups according to their baseline sST2 values (high >56 ng/ml vs. low ≤56 ng/ml) and final therapeutic BB dose (high ≥47.5 mg/d vs. low <47.5 mg/d). Cox regression analyses were performed to determine whether sST2 and BB were independent risk factors for cardiovascular events in STEMI. Results: Baseline sST2 levels were positively correlated with heart rate (r = 0.327, P = 0.002), Killip class (r = 0.408, P = 0.000), lg N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (r = 0.467, P = 0.000), lg troponin I (r = 0.331, P = 0.000), and lg C-reactive protein (r = 0.307, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated to systolic blood pressure (r = −0.243, P = 0.009) and LV ejection fraction (r = −0.402, P = 0.000). Patients with higher baseline sST2 concentrations who were not titrated to high-dose BB therapy (P < 0.0001) had worse outcomes. Baseline high sST2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.653; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.201–8.929; P = 0.041) and final low BB dosage (HR: 1.904; 95% CI, 1.084–3.053; P = 0.035) were independent predictors of cardiovascular events in STEMI. Conclusions: High baseline sST2 levels and final low BB dosage predicted cardiovascular events in STEMI. Hence, sST2 may be a useful biomarker in cardiac pathophysiology. PMID:29786039

St. Lawrence Seaway, Quebec, Canada

NASA Image and Video Library

1991-05-06

STS039-83-059 (28 April-6 May 1991) --- This high oblique view taken from over southeastern Quebec, looking to the southwest down the estuary of the St. Lawrence River (Fleuve Saint-Laurent). The primary road on the north side of the river (right) runs from Quebec, at the end of the estuary behind Ile D'Orleans, northeast to its terminus at Sept-Iles (near nadir, and not visible in this scene). The St. Lawrence disappears underneath the cloud bank over western New York and Ontario just to the west of Montreal. The light snow cover enhances the area of forests (dark) and non-forest (white). In this view, most of the irregular areas of white on the right side of the St. Lawrence River are previously forested areas that were burned over during the extraordinary Canadian forest fires of 1989.

Virulence of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 in animal models of infection.

PubMed

Ramachandran, Girish; Panda, Aruna; Higginson, Ellen E; Ateh, Eugene; Lipsky, Michael M; Sen, Sunil; Matson, Courtney A; Permala-Booth, Jasnehta; DeTolla, Louis J; Tennant, Sharon M

2017-08-01

Salmonella Typhimurium sequence type (ST) 313 produces septicemia in infants in sub-Saharan Africa. Although there are known genetic and phenotypic differences between ST313 strains and gastroenteritis-associated ST19 strains, conflicting data about the in vivo virulence of ST313 strains have been reported. To resolve these differences, we tested clinical Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 and ST19 strains in murine and rhesus macaque infection models. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) was determined for three Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 and ST313 strains in mice. For dissemination studies, bacterial burden in organs was determined at various time-points post-challenge. Indian rhesus macaques were infected with one ST19 and one ST313 strain. Animals were monitored for clinical signs and bacterial burden and pathology were determined. The LD50 values for ST19 and ST313 infected mice were not significantly different. However, ST313-infected BALB/c mice had significantly higher bacterial numbers in blood at 24 h than ST19-infected mice. ST19-infected rhesus macaques exhibited moderate-to-severe diarrhea while ST313-infected monkeys showed no-to-mild diarrhea. ST19-infected monkeys had higher bacterial burden and increased inflammation in tissues. Our data suggest that Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 invasiveness may be investigated using mice. The non-human primate results are consistent with clinical data, suggesting that ST313 strains do not cause diarrhea.

33 CFR 110.73 - St. Johns River, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Johns River, Fla. 110.73... ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73 St. Johns River, Fla. (a) Area A. The waters lying within an area bounded by a line beginning at a point located at the west bank of St. Johns River at...

33 CFR 117.643 - Pine River (St. Clair).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Pine River (St. Clair). 117.643... DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.643 Pine River (St. Clair). The draw of the S29 bridge, mile 0.1 at St. Clair, shall open on signal from April 1 through November 30 from 2 a...

St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea

NASA Image and Video Library

1993-01-19

STS054-74-049 (13-19 Jan. 1993) --- St. Croix is the largest, and most industrial of the U.S. Virgin Islands. This photograph captures St. Croix's features in great detail. The large industrial complex in the middle of the southern shore is the world's largest petroleum refinery. The main city, Christiansted, can be seen across the island on the north shore. The reefs around the eastern end of St. Croix are preserved as a submarine national park -- Buck Island Reef National Park -- around the small island off the north shore of the eastern end of St. Croix.

Agreement between the Board of Trustees of the St. Clair County Community College of the County of St. Clair and the St. Clair County Community College District of the Michigan Association for Higher Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saint Clair County Community Coll., Port Huron, MI.

This agreement between the Board of Trustees of the St. Clair County Community College of the County of St. Clair and the St. Clair County Community College District of the Michigan Association for Higher Education covers the academic years 1972-74. Articles of the agreement cover recognition, association and instructor's rights, rights of the…

46 CFR 7.90 - St. Johns River, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false St. Johns River, FL. 7.90 Section 7.90 Shipping COAST... § 7.90 St. Johns River, FL. A line drawn from the southeasternmost extremity of Little Talbot (Spike) Island to latitude 30°23.8′ N. longitude 81°20.3′ W. (St. Johns Lighted Whistle Buoy “2 STJ”); thence to...

Using SDI-12 with ST microelectronics MCU's

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Saari, Alexandra; Hinzey, Shawn Adrian; Frigo, Janette Rose

2015-09-03

ST Microelectronics microcontrollers and processors are readily available, capable and economical processors. Unfortunately they lack a broad user base like similar offerings from Texas Instrument, Atmel, or Microchip. All of these devices could be useful in economical devices for remote sensing applications used with environmental sensing. With the increased need for environmental studies, and limited budgets, flexibility in hardware is very important. To that end, and in an effort to increase open support of ST devices, I am sharing my teams' experience in interfacing a common environmental sensor communication protocol (SDI-12) with ST devices.

St. John's wort: a new alternative for depression?

PubMed

Josey, E S; Tackett, R L

1999-03-01

The primary purpose of this article is to review the existing literature concerning the therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and possible drug interactions of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) as compared to other antidepressant medications. Reference material was obtained through database searches with time restrictions of 1985 to the present. Studies selected were those written in the English language which compared the role of St. John's wort, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of depression. Other studies were selected based on their evaluation of the safety and efficacy of St. John's wort as an antidepressant for a minimum of four weeks. A review of existing literature recognized nine clinical trials that reported the efficacy of St. John's wort as compared to placebo and to other antidepressant medications. Of these nine, four controlled studies were chosen based upon their large patient populations and their consistency in brand and dosage of St. John's wort used. These four studies demonstrated that St. John's wort was as effective as other antidepressant medications and more effective than placebo, as the clinical symptoms of depression greatly decreased upon administration of H. perforatum. The side-effect profile of H. perforatum at this time appears to be superior to any current U.S.-approved antidepressant medication. From the existing literature, St. John's wort appears to be a safe and effective alternative in the treatment of depression. Tricylic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors can produce serious cardiac side-effects, such as tachycardia and postural hypotension, and many unwanted anticholinergic side-effects, including dry mouth and constipation. St. John's wort has proven to be free of any cardiac, as well as anticholinergic, side-effects normally seen with antidepressant medications. Based upon limited studies, St. John's wort appears to be an

St. John's Wort

MedlinePlus

... Berner MM, Kriston L. St. John’s wort for major depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2008;(4):CD000448 [ ... Hypericum perforatum) versus sertraline and placebo in major depressive disorder: continuation data from a 26-week RCT . Pharmacopsychiatry. ...

Design and rationale of the ANALYZE ST study: a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter ST monitoring study to detect acute coronary syndrome events in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients.

PubMed

Gibson, C Michael; Krucoff, Mitchell; Kirtane, Ajay J; Rao, Sunil V; Mackall, Judith A; Matthews, Ray; Saba, Samir; Waksman, Ron; Holmes, David

2014-10-01

In the setting of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, timely restoration of normal blood flow is associated with improved myocardial salvage and survival. Despite improvements in door-to-needle and door-to-balloon times, there remains an unmet need with respect to improved symptom-to-door times. A prior report of an implanted device to monitor ST-segment deviation demonstrated very short times to reperfusion among patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with documented thrombotic occlusion. The goal of the ANALYZE ST study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel ST-segment monitoring feature using an existing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) among patients with known coronary artery disease. The ANALYZE ST study is a prospective, nonrandomized, multicenter, pivotal Investigational Device Exemption study enrolling 5,228 patients with newly implanted ICD systems for standard clinical indications who also have a documented history of coronary artery disease. Patients will be monitored for 48 months, during which effectiveness of the device for the purpose of early detection of cardiac injury will be evaluated by analyzing the sensitivity of the ST monitoring feature to identify clinical ACS events. In addition, the safety of the ST monitoring feature will be evaluated through the assessment of the percentage of patients for which monitoring produces a false-positive event over the course of 12 months. The ANALYZE ST trial is testing the hypothesis that the ST monitoring feature in the Fortify ST ICD system (St. Jude Medical, Inc., St. Paul, MN) (or other ICD systems with the ST monitoring feature) will accurately identify patients with clinical ACS events. Copyright © 2014 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

ST2 and IL-33 in Pregnancy and Pre-Eclampsia

PubMed Central

Snider, James V.; Tannetta, Dionne S.; Child, Tim; Redman, Christopher W. G.; Sargent, Ian L.

2011-01-01

Normal pregnancy is associated with a mild systemic inflammatory response and an immune bias towards type 2 cytokine production, whereas pre-eclampsia is characterized by a more intense inflammatory response, associated with endothelial dysfunction and a type 1 cytokine dominance. Interleukin (IL)-33 is a newly described member of the IL-1 family, which binds its receptor ST2L to induce type 2 cytokines. A soluble variant of ST2 (sST2) acts as a decoy receptor to regulate the activity of IL-33. In this study circulating IL-33 and sST2 were measured in each trimester of normal pregnancy and in women with pre-eclampsia. While IL-33 did not change throughout normal pregnancy, or between non-pregnant, normal pregnant or pre-eclamptic women, sST2 was significantly altered. sST2 was increased in the third trimester of normal pregnancy (p<0.001) and was further increased in pre-eclampsia (p<0.001). This increase was seen prior to the onset of disease (p<0.01). Pre-eclampsia is a disease caused by placental derived factors, and we show that IL-33 and ST2 can be detected in lysates from both normal and pre-eclampsia placentas. ST2, but not IL-33, was identified on the syncytiotrophoblast layer, whereas IL-33 was expressed on perivascular tissue. In an in vitro placental perfusion model, sST2 was secreted by the placenta into the ‘maternal’ eluate, and placental explants treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines or subjected to hypoxia/reperfusion injury release more sST2, suggesting the origin of at least some of the increased amounts of circulating sST2 in pre-eclamptic women is the placenta. These results suggest that sST2 may play a significant role in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and increased sST2 could contribute to the type 1 bias seen in this disorder. PMID:21949719

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli ST131 in urinary tract infections in children.

PubMed

Yun, Ki Wook; Lee, Mi-Kyung; Kim, Wonyong; Lim, In Seok

2017-07-01

Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131, a multidrug-resistant clone causing extraintestinal infections, has rapidly become prevalent worldwide. However, the epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric infections are poorly understood. We aimed to explore the characteristics of ST131 Escherichia coli isolated from Korean children with urinary tract infections. We examined 114 uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolates from children hospitalized at Chung-Ang University Hospital between 2011 and 2014. Bacterial strains were classified into STs by partial sequencing of seven housekeeping genes ( adk , fumC , gyrB , icd , mdh , purA , and recA ). Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility were compared between ST131 and non-ST131 UPEC isolates. Sixteen UPEC isolates (14.0%) were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producers; 50.0% of ESBL-producers were ST131 isolates. Of all the isolates tested, 13.2% (15 of 114) were classified as ST131. There were no statistically significant associations between ST131 and age, sex, or clinical characteristics, including fever, white blood cell counts in urine and serum, C-reactive protein, radiologic abnormalities, and clinical outcome. However, ST131 isolates showed significantly lower rates of susceptibility to cefazolin (26.7%), cefotaxime (40.0%), cefepime (40.0%), and ciprofloxacin (53.3%) than non-ST131 isolates (65.7%, 91.9%, 92.9%, and 87.9%, respectively; P <0.001 for all). ESBL was more frequently produced in ST131 (53.3%) than in non-ST131 (8.1%) isolates ( P <0.01). ST131 E. coli isolates were prevalent uropathogens in children at a single medical center in Korea between 2011 and 2014. Although ST131 isolates showed higher rates of antimicrobial resistance, clinical presentation and outcomes of patients were similar to those of patients infected with non-ST131 isolates.

21st Century Skills Map: The Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dean, Colleen; Ebert, Christie M. Lynch; McGreevy-Nichols, Susan; Quinn, Betsy; Sabol, F. Robert; Schmid, Dale; Shauck, R. Barry; Shuler, Scott C.

2010-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of the Arts.

21st Century Skills Map: Social Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2007

2007-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of Social Studies.

Space Radar Image of St. Louis, Missouri

NASA Image and Video Library

1999-04-15

This is a spaceborne radar image of the area surrounding St. Louis, Missouri, where the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers come together. The city of St. Louis is the bright gold area within a bend in the Mississippi River at the lower center of the image.

Water quality of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and their U.S. tributaries, 1946-2005

USGS Publications Warehouse

Healy, Denis F.; Chambers, Douglas B.; Rachol, Cynthia M.; Jodoin, Richard S.

2007-01-01

The St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair waterway forms an international boundary between the United States and Canada. The waters of the area are an important part of the cultural heritage of the area and serves as an important water-supply and power-generating resource; the waterway also supports an economy based largely on recreation, agriculture, and manufacturing. This report was undertaken as part of the Lake St. Clair Regional Monitoring Project for the purpose of providing a comprehensive assessment of the hydrological, chemical, and physical state of the surface water of Lake St. Clair and its tributaries. The data varied in focus and density over the period of compilation which in many cases this variation prevented the completion of statistical analyses because data did not meet minimum comparability or quality requirements for those tests. Comparison of water quality of the Belle, Black, Clinton, and Pine River Basins, as well as basins of minor rivers in the study area, showed that water quality in many of the tributaries, particularly the Clinton River and some of the minor rivers, was degraded compared to the water quality of the St. Clair River/Lake St. Clair waterway. Data analyses included comparison of nutrients, chloride, specific conductance, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and pesticides among the basins and the St. Clair River. Median concentrations of total nitrate were well below the recommended USEPA total nitrogen ambient water-quality criterion of 0.54 mg/L as N for nutrient ecoregion VII for all study-area streams except the Clinton River. More than 93 percent of the phosphorus concentrations for the Belle, Black, Pine and minor river basins and 84 percent of the phosphorus concentrations for the Clinton River Basin are greater than the USEPA recommended ambient total phosphorus criterion of 0.033 mg/L for rivers and streams. Nine chloride concentrations exceeded the USEPA criterion maximum concentration (CMC) for chloride set at

Molecular epidemiology of coagulase-negative bloodstream isolates: detection of Staphylococcus epidermidis ST2, ST7 and linezolid-resistant ST23.

PubMed

Martínez-Meléndez, Adrián; Morfín-Otero, Rayo; Villarreal-Treviño, Licet; Camacho-Ortíz, Adrián; González-González, Gloria; Llaca-Díaz, Jorge; Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo; Garza-González, Elvira

2016-01-01

The mechanisms contributing to persistence of coagulase-negative staphylococci are diverse; to better understanding of their dynamics, the characterization of nosocomial isolates is needed. Our aim was to characterize phenotypic and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus human blood isolates from two tertiary care hospitals in Mexico, the Hospital Universitario in Monterrey and the Hospital Civil in Guadalajara. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. Biofilm formation was assessed by crystal violet staining. Detection of the ica operon and Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec typing were performed by PCR. Clonal relatedness was determined by Pulsed-fiel gel electrophoresis and Multi locus sequence typing. Methicillin-resistance was 85.5% and 93.2% for S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus, respectively. Both species showed resistance >70% to norfloxacin, clindamycin, levofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin. Three S. epidermidis and two S. haemolyticus isolates were linezolid-resistant (one isolate of each species was cfr+). Most isolates of both species were strong biofilm producers (92.8% of S. epidermidis and 72.9% of S. haemolyticus). The ica operon was amplified in 36 (43.4%) S. epidermidis isolates. SCCmec type IV was found in 47.2% of the S. epidermidis isolates and SCCmec type V in 14.5% of S. haemolyticus isolates. No clonal relatedness was found in either species. Resistance to clindamycin, levofloxacin, erythromycin, oxacillin, and cefoxitin was associated with biofilm production for both species (p<0.05). A G2576T mutation in 23S rRNA gene was detected in an S. haemolyticus linezolid-resistant isolate. All linezolid-resistant S. epidermidis isolates belonged to ST23; isolate with SCCmec type IV belonged to ST7, and isolate with SCCmec type III belonged to ST2. This is the first report of ST7 in Mexico. There was a high genetic diversity in both species, though both species shared

38 CFR 3.851 - St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Elizabeths Hospital... Institutional Awards § 3.851 St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, DC. Benefits due or becoming due any person who is a patient at St. Elizabeths Hospital will be paid to a duly appointed fiduciary of such person...

75 FR 8390 - St. Croix River Aids to Navigation

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-24

... DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2010-0075] St. Croix River Aids to... Coast Guard announces a public meeting to receive comments on the aids to navigation in the St. Croix... system on the St. Croix River and discuss concerns and improvements that could be made to create a more...

33 CFR 117.325 - St. Johns River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Johns River. 117.325 Section 117.325 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Florida § 117.325 St. Johns River. (a) The drawspan...

Complementary Roles for Biomarkers of Biomechanical Strain ST2 and N-Terminal Prohormone B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

PubMed Central

Sabatine, Marc S.; Morrow, David A.; Higgins, Luke J.; MacGillivray, Catherine; Guo, Wei; Bode, Christophe; Rifai, Nader; Cannon, Christopher P.; Gerszten, Robert E.; Lee, Richard T.

2014-01-01

Background ST2 is a member of the interleukin-1 receptor family with a soluble form that is markedly upregulated on application of biomechanical strain to cardiac myocytes. Circulating ST2 levels are elevated in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, but the predictive value of ST2 independent of traditional clinical factors and of an established biomarker of biomechanical strain, N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), has not been established. Methods and Results We measured ST2 at baseline in 1239 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction from the CLopidogrel as Adjunctive ReperfusIon TherapY–Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 28 (CLARITY-TIMI 28) trial. Per trial protocol, patients were to undergo coronary angiography after 2 to 8 days and were followed up for 30 days for clinical events. In contrast to NT-proBNP, ST2 levels were independent of clinical factors potentially related to chronic increased left ventricular wall stress, including age, hypertension, prior myocardial infarction, and prior heart failure; levels also were only modestly correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.14). After adjustment for baseline characteristics and NT-proBNP levels, an ST2 level above the median was associated with a significantly greater risk of cardiovascular death or heart failure (third quartile: adjusted odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 3.57; fourth quartile: adjusted odds ratio, 3.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.87 to 6.81; P<0.0001 for trend). When both ST2 and NT-proBNP were added to a model containing traditional clinical predictors, the c statistic significantly improved from 0.82 (95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 0.87) to 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 0.90) (P=0.017). Conclusions In ST-elevation myocardial infarction, high baseline ST2 levels are a significant predictor of cardiovascular death and heart failure independently of baseline characteristics and NT-proBNP, and the combination of ST2 and NT

33 CFR 110.193a - St. Joseph Bay, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Joseph Bay, Fla. 110.193a... ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.193a St. Joseph Bay, Fla. (a) The anchorage grounds—(1... northeast of the north entrance channel to Port St. Joe, Florida. (2) Explosives Anchorage Area 2. A...

Vertebral artery injury in patients with isolated transverse process fractures.

PubMed

Bonney, Phillip A; Burks, Joshua D; Conner, Andrew K; Glenn, Chad A; Baker, Cordell M; Cheema, Ahmed A; Archer, Jacob B; Buster, Bryan E; Albrecht, Roxie M; Bohnstedt, Bradley N

2017-07-01

We sought to assess the rate of CTA-diagnosed vertebral artery injury in patients with isolated transverse process fractures, with and without extension into the transverse foramen, in the blunt-trauma population served by our hospital. We queried our universities trauma registry between January 2009 and July 2014 for ICD-9 codes pertaining to cervical spine fractures. Of 330 patients identified, 45 patients had fractures limited to the transverse process and were selected for the study population. For each patient identified, demographics, injury mechanism, imaging reports, angiography findings, and treatments were recorded. In total, 69 fractures were identified in 45 patients. Of the 45 patients, 15 (33%) had transverse process fractures at multiple cervical levels. 23/45 (51%) patients had at least one fracture extending into TF. Four patients with transverse process fractures and one patient without transverse process fractures were diagnosed with vertebral artery injury by CT angiogram (17.4% vs. 4.5%, p=0.35). The number of transverse process fractures in patients with VAI was greater than those without VAI (3.0 vs. 1.4, p<0.001). None of the 30 patients with any one-level TPF (with or without extension into TF) was diagnosed with VAI (p=0.003). None of 17 patients with isolated C7-level TPFs were diagnosed with VAI (p=0.15). The incidence of cervical VAI was greater in patients with multiple-level TPFs than in patients with single-level TPFs. While patients with a single, isolated TPF have a low probability of VAI, patients with numerous TPF fractures may benefit from CTA. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

33 CFR 117.667 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.667 Section 117.667 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.667 St. Croix River. (a) The draws of...

33 CFR 117.667 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.667 Section 117.667 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.667 St. Croix River. (a) The draws of...

33 CFR 117.667 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.667 Section 117.667 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.667 St. Croix River. (a) The draws of...

33 CFR 117.667 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.667 Section 117.667 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.667 St. Croix River. (a) The draws of...

78 FR 44927 - 101st Commission Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-25

... ARCTIC RESEARCH COMMISSION 101st Commission Meeting Notice is hereby given that the U.S. Arctic Research Commission will hold its 101st meeting in Unalaska, Alaska, on August 26-27, 2013. The business... and staff reports (4) Discussion and presentations concerning Arctic research activities The focus of...

Pedagogical Implementation of 21st Century Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobson-Lundeberg, Vera

2016-01-01

This paper examines students' perceptions of how intentionally taught 21st century skills have transformed their lives. Personal development education (PDE) encompasses interpersonal and interaction skills that are required for students to function and succeed in global-oriented 21st century colleges and careers. The Common Core State Standards…

33 CFR 117.667 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.667 Section 117.667 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.667 St. Croix River. (a) The draws of...

33 CFR 117.329 - St. Marys River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Marys River. 117.329 Section 117.329 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Florida § 117.329 St. Marys River. The draws of US17...

33 CFR 117.137 - St. Francis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Francis River. 117.137 Section 117.137 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Arkansas § 117.137 St. Francis River. The draws of the...

ACHP | News | St. Elizabeths Programmatic Agreement Signed

Science.gov Websites

Search skip specific nav links Home arrow News arrow St. Elizabeths Programmatic Agreement Signed St . Elizabeths Programmatic Agreement Signed December 9, 2008-- The General Services Administration (GSA), the ), and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) executed a Programmatic Agreement (PA) for the

33 CFR 117.1099 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.1099 Section 117.1099 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Wisconsin § 117.1099 St. Croix River. See § 117.667...

33 CFR 117.1099 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.1099 Section 117.1099 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Wisconsin § 117.1099 St. Croix River. See § 117.667...

33 CFR 117.1099 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.1099 Section 117.1099 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Wisconsin § 117.1099 St. Croix River. See § 117.667...

33 CFR 117.1099 - St. Croix River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Croix River. 117.1099 Section 117.1099 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Wisconsin § 117.1099 St. Croix River. See § 117.667...

ST-segment resolution with bivalirudin versus heparin and routine glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors started in the ambulance in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients transported for primary percutaneous coronary intervention: The EUROMAX ST-segment resolution substudy.

PubMed

Van't Hof, Arnoud; Giannini, Francesco; Ten Berg, Jurrien; Tolsma, Rudolf; Clemmensen, Peter; Bernstein, Debra; Coste, Pierre; Goldstein, Patrick; Zeymer, Uwe; Hamm, Christian; Deliargyris, Efthymios; Steg, Philippe G

2017-08-01

Myocardial reperfusion after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be assessed by the extent of post-procedural ST-segment resolution. The European Ambulance Acute Coronary Syndrome Angiography (EUROMAX) trial compared pre-hospital bivalirudin and pre-hospital heparin or enoxaparin with or without GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) in primary PCI. This nested substudy was performed in centres routinely using pre-hospital GPI in order to compare the impact of randomized treatments on ST-resolution after primary PCI. Residual cumulative ST-segment deviation on the single one hour post-procedure electrocardiogram (ECG) was assessed by an independent core laboratory and was the primary endpoint. It was calculated that 762 evaluable patients were needed to show non-inferiority (85% power, alpha 2.5%) between randomized treatments. A total of 871 participated with electrocardiographic data available in 824 patients (95%). Residual ST-segment deviation one hour after PCI was 3.8±4.9 mm versus 3.9±5.2 mm for bivalirudin and heparin+GPI, respectively ( p=0.0019 for non-inferiority). Overall, there were no differences between randomized treatments in any measures of ST-segment resolution either before or after the index procedure. Pre-hospital treatment with bivalirudin is non-inferior to pre-hospital heparin + GPI with regard to residual ST-segment deviation or ST-segment resolution, reflecting comparable myocardial reperfusion with the two strategies.

33 CFR 110.72b - St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Simons Island, Georgia. 110... ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.72b St. Simons Island, Georgia. The area beginning at a point southwest of Frederica River Bridge, St. Simons Island Causeway at latitude 31°09′58″ N...

Public School in St. Louis: Place, Performance, and Promise

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Association of Charter School Authorizers (NJ1), 2009

2009-01-01

This report compares the demand for public education in St. Louis during the 2007-08 school year with both the supply and location of public schools operated by St. Louis Public Schools and charter schools. The geographic areas of analysis are the city of St. Louis and its zip codes. The first four sections of this report contain background…

21st Space Simulation Conference: The Future of Space Simulation Testing in the 21st Century

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Stecher, Joseph L., III (Compiler)

2000-01-01

The Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology's Twenty-first Space Simulation Conference, "The Future of Space Testing in the 21st Century" provided participants with a forum to acquire and exchange information on the state-of-the-art in space simulation, test technology, atomic oxygen, programs/system testing, dynamics testing, contamination, and materials. The papers presented at this conference and the resulting discussions carried out the conference theme "The Future of Space Testing in the 21st Century."

Metabolically healthy polycystic ovary syndrome (MH-PCOS) and metabolically unhealthy polycystic ovary syndrome (MU-PCOS): a comparative analysis of four simple methods useful for metabolic assessment.

PubMed

Amato, M C; Guarnotta, V; Forti, D; Donatelli, M; Dolcimascolo, S; Giordano, C

2013-07-01

Is it possible to distinguish metabolically healthy polycystic ovary syndrome (MH-PCOS) from metabolically unhealthy PCOS (MU-PCOS) by simple diagnostic tools such as body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), at-risk category suggested by Androgen Excess Society (AES) and visceral adiposity index (VAI)? VAI could be an easy and useful tool in clinical practice and in population studies for assessment of MU-PCOS. VAI is a good indicator of insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic risk in oligo-ovulatory women with PCOS. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 232 women with PCOS in a university hospital setting. Anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters were evaluated. An oral glucose tolerance test measured areas under the curve (AUC) for insulin (AUC 2h insulin) and for glucose (AUC 2h glucose). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), the Matsuda index of insulin sensitivity (ISI), the oral dispositional index (DIo) and VAI were determined. The prevalence of MU-PCOS according to the different criteria was: BMI, 56.0%; WHR, 18.1%; at-risk criteria of AES, 72.0% and VAI, 34.5%. The likelihood that a woman would exhibit MU-PCOS (except when diagnosed by the WHR criterion) showed a significant positive association with high HOMA2-IR [BMI criterion: (odds ratio (OR): 1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43-2.41); risk criteria of AES (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.36-2.56); VAI criterion (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.17-1.80)] and a significant negative association with low ISI Matsuda [BMI criterion: (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72-0.91); risk criteria of AES (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69-0.89); VAI criterion (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.71-0.94)]. Only MU-PCOS according to the VAI criterion showed a significant association with low DIo (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75-0.96); these women also showed a significant association with low luteal progesterone levels (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The analysis is limited by the lack of a gold standard definition of metabolic health that

33 CFR 117.327 - St. Marks River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Marks River. 117.327 Section 117.327 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Florida § 117.327 St. Marks River. The draw of the U.S...

78 FR 45473 - Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-29

...-0600; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-18 Proposed Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT AGENCY... action proposes to amend Class E airspace at St. George Municipal Airport, St. George, UT, by removing... aircraft operations at St. George Municipal Airport, St. George, UT. DATES: Comments must be received on or...

The Practice of Arithmetic in Liberian Schools.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brenner, Mary E.

1985-01-01

Describes a study of Liberian schools in which students of the Vai tribe are instructed in Western mathematical practices which differ from those of the students' home culture. Reports that the Vai children employed syncretic arithmetic practices, combining two distinct systems of arithmetic in a classroom environment that tacitly facilitated the…

Interleukin-33/ST2 system attenuates aldosterone-induced adipogenesis and inflammation.

PubMed

Martínez-Martínez, Ernesto; Cachofeiro, Victoria; Rousseau, Elodie; Álvarez, Virginia; Calvier, Laurent; Fernández-Celis, Amaya; Leroy, Céline; Miana, María; Jurado-López, Raquel; Briones, Ana M; Jaisser, Frederic; Zannad, Faiez; Rossignol, Patrick; López-Andrés, Natalia

2015-08-15

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) but not soluble ST2 (sST2) exerts anti-inflammatory and protective effects in several tissues. Aldosterone, a proinflammatory mediator which promotes adipogenesis, is elevated in obese patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between IL-33/ST2 system and Aldosterone in adipose tissue. Rats fed a high fat diet presented increased sST2 expression, diminished IL-33/sST2 ratio and enhanced levels of differentiation and inflammation in adipose tissue as compared to controls. A similar pattern was observed in adipose tissue from C57BL/6 Aldosterone-treated mice. In both animal models, Aldosterone was correlated with sST2. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with IL-33 delayed adipocyte differentiation diminished lipid accumulation and decreased inflammation. Aldosterone decreased IL-33 and increased sST2 expressions in differentiated adipocytes. Aldosterone-induced adipocyte differentiation and inflammation were blocked by IL-33 treatment, but sST2 did not exert any effects. The crosstalk between IL-33/ST2 and Aldosterone could be relevant in the metabolic consequences of obesity. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 68662 - Environmental Impact Statement: St. Louis County, MO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-08

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Highway Administration Environmental Impact Statement: St... Hanley Road southeastward to River Des Peres Boulevard and Lansdowne Avenue in St. Louis County, Missouri...: Mr. John Hicks, Transportation Development Analyst, St. Louis County Department of Highways and...

76 FR 56492 - Environmental Impact Statement: St. Louis County, Missouri

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-13

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Highway Administration Environmental Impact Statement: St.../Shackelford Road in northwestern St. Louis County, Missouri. These roads lie within the floodplain of the... Manager, St. Louis County Department of Highways and Traffic, 121 S. Meramec Avenue, Clayton, Missouri...

21st Century Skills Map: World Languages

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2011

2011-01-01

This 21st Century Skills Map is the result of hundreds of hours of research, development and feedback from educators and business leaders across the nation. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills has issued this map for the core subject of World Languages. [Funding for this paper was provided by EF Education.

Multidimensional Space-Time Methodology for Development of Planetary and Space Sciences, S-T Data Management and S-T Computational Tomography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andonov, Zdravko

This R&D represent innovative multidimensional 6D-N(6n)D Space-Time (S-T) Methodology, 6D-6nD Coordinate Systems, 6D Equations, new 6D strategy and technology for development of Planetary Space Sciences, S-T Data Management and S-T Computational To-mography. . . The Methodology is actual for brain new RS Microwaves' Satellites and Compu-tational Tomography Systems development, aimed to defense sustainable Earth, Moon, & Sun System evolution. Especially, extremely important are innovations for monitoring and protec-tion of strategic threelateral system H-OH-H2O Hydrogen, Hydroxyl and Water), correspond-ing to RS VHRS (Very High Resolution Systems) of 1.420-1.657-22.089GHz microwaves. . . One of the Greatest Paradox and Challenge of World Science is the "transformation" of J. L. Lagrange 4D Space-Time (S-T) System to H. Minkovski 4D S-T System (O-X,Y,Z,icT) for Einstein's "Theory of Relativity". As a global result: -In contemporary Advanced Space Sciences there is not real adequate 4D-6D Space-Time Coordinate System and 6D Advanced Cosmos Strategy & Methodology for Multidimensional and Multitemporal Space-Time Data Management and Tomography. . . That's one of the top actual S-T Problems. Simple and optimal nD S-T Methodology discovery is extremely important for all Universities' Space Sci-ences' Education Programs, for advances in space research and especially -for all young Space Scientists R&D!... The top ten 21-Century Challenges ahead of Planetary and Space Sciences, Space Data Management and Computational Space Tomography, important for successfully de-velopment of Young Scientist Generations, are following: 1. R&D of W. R. Hamilton General Idea for transformation all Space Sciences to Time Sciences, beginning with 6D Eukonal for 6D anisotropic mediums & velocities. Development of IERS Earth & Space Systems (VLBI; LLR; GPS; SLR; DORIS Etc.) for Planetary-Space Data Management & Computational Planetary & Space Tomography. 2. R&D of S. W. Hawking Paradigm for 2D

Air Pollution and ST-Segment Depression in Elderly Subjects

PubMed Central

Gold, Diane R.; Litonjua, Augusto A.; Zanobetti, Antonella; Coull, Brent A.; Schwartz, Joel; MacCallum, Gail; Verrier, Richard L.; Nearing, Bruce D.; Canner, Marina J.; Suh, Helen; Stone, Peter H.

2005-01-01

Increased levels of daily ambient particle pollution have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Black carbon (BC) is a measure of the traffic-related component of particles. We investigated associations between ambient pollution and ST-segment levels in a repeated-measures study including 269 observations on 24 active Boston residents 61–88 years of age, each observed up to 12 times from June through September 1999. The protocol involved continuous Holter electrocardiogram monitoring including 5 min of rest, 5 min of standing, 5 min of exercise outdoors, 5 min of recovery, and 20 cycles of paced breathing. Pollution-associated ST-depression was estimated for a 10th- to 90th-percentile change in BC. We calculated the average ST-segment level, referenced to the P-R isoelectric values, for each portion of the protocol. The mean BC level in the previous 12 hr, and the BC level 5 hr before testing, predicted ST-segment depression in most portions of the protocol, but the effect was strongest in the postexercise periods. During post-exercise rest, an elevated BC level was associated with −0.1 mm ST-segment depression (p = 0.02 for 12-hr mean BC; p = 0.001 for 5-hr BC) in continuous models. Elevated BC also predicted increased risk of ST-segment depression ≥0.5 mm among those with at least one episode of that level of ST-segment depression. Carbon monoxide was not a confounder of this association. ST-segment depression, possibly representing myocardial ischemia or inflammation, is associated with increased exposure to particles whose predominant source is traffic. PMID:16002377

78 FR 22416 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. Helena, CA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-16

...-2013-0283; Airspace Docket No. 13-AWP-3 Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. Helena, CA AGENCY: Federal... the name of the heliport listed in the Class E airspace for St. Helena, CA. St. Helena Fire Department Heliport has been changed to Napa County Fire Department Heliport, St. Helena, CA. This action does not...

The New Millennium Program Space Technology 5 (ST-5) Mission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Webb, Evan H.; Carlisle, Candace C.; Slavin, James A.

2005-01-01

The Space Technology 5 (ST-5) Project is part of NASA's New Millennium Program. ST-5 will consist of a constellation of three 25kg microsatellites. The mission goals are to demonstrate the research-quality science capability of the ST-5 spacecraft; to operate the three spacecraft as a constellation; and to design, develop and flight-validate three capable microsatellites with new technologies. ST-5 will be launched by a Pegasus XL into an elliptical polar (sun-synchronous) orbit. The three-month flight demonstration phase, beginning in March 2006, will validate the ability to perform science measurements, as well as the technologies and constellation operations. ST-5's technologies and concepts will enable future microsatellite science missions.

Looking Inward to 21st Century Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doerksen, Rose

2016-01-01

Through the lens of a student, this Note from the Field responds to a historical research project which engages pre-service teachers in critical citizenship and social imagination. Looking inward facilitates a personal learning experience of identity that is applied to learning in the 21st century. When 21st century pre-service teacher education…

St. Kitts and Nevis.

PubMed

1989-11-01

St. Kitts and Nevis have areas of 68 and 36 square miles respectively and the terrain is mountainous. The population is 45,800 total and the annual growth rate is .2%. The ethnic make up is almost all black African with some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese. The religions are primarily Anglican, with evangelical Protestant and Catholic minorities. Infant mortality stands at 41/1000. The government is a constitutional monarchy with a Westminster type parliament. There is a governor, a prime minister, a cabinet, an 11 -member appointed upper house and a 11- member elected house of representatives. The gross national product is $83 million and the annual growth rate is 4.6%. There are no natural resources, and agricultural products include sugarcane, cotton, peanuts, and vegetables. Industry is made up of manufacturing 12.9%, transport and communications 13%, construction 9.1% and hotels and restaurants 4.5%. The Federation of St. Kitts and Nevis became independent in 1983. The government diversified the agriculture by planting other crops than sugar, producing gelled ethanol, and developing a cane spirits liquor. Tourism has grown the most and in 1987 passed sugar as the main source of income. International aid will assist in finishing a road that will open the southeast area of St. Kitts for construction of hotels, where some of the best beaches are located.

Superfund Record of Decision (EPA Region 5): Reilly Tar and Chemical Corporation Site, St. Peter Aquifer, St. Louis Park, MN. (Third remedial action), September 1990

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1990-09-28

The 80-acre Reilly Tar and Chemical (St. Louis Park) site is a former coal tar distillation and wood preserving plant in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. The site overlies a complex system of aquifers, including the St. Peter aquifer that provide drinking water to area residences. The St. Peter Aquifer contains one municipal well, which is used during periods of peak demand, however, the majority of the drinking water in St. Louis Park is obtained from deeper aquifers. From 1917 to 1972, wastewater containing creosote and coal tar was discharged to onsite surface water, and as a result, small wastewater spillsmore » occurred into onsite soil. The ROD addresses Operable Unit 4 (OU4), remediation of the St. Peter aquifer. A subsequent ROD will address any remaining site problems as OU3. The primary contaminants of concern affecting the ground water are organics including PAHs and phenols.« less

Genetics Home Reference: Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome

MedlinePlus

... Changes Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome is usually caused by mutations in the LIFR gene. This gene provides instructions ... of the autonomic nervous system. Most LIFR gene mutations that cause Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome prevent production of ...

Moving towards first science with the St. George recoil separator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meisel, Zachary; Berg, G. P. A.; Gilardy, G.; Moran, M.; Schmitt, J.; Seymour, C.; Stech, E.; Couder, M.

2015-10-01

The St. George recoil mass separator has recently been coupled to the 5MV St. Ana accelerator at the University of Notre Dame's Nuclear Science Lab. St. George is a unique tool designed to measure radiative alpha-capture reactions for nuclei up to A = 40 in inverse kinematics in order to directly obtain cross sections required for astrophysical models of stellar and explosive helium burning. Commissioning of St. George is presently taking place with primary beams of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen. In this presentation, results will be shown for the measured energy acceptance of St. George, which compare favorably to COSY results when employing the calculated optimal ion-optical settings. Additionally, future plans will be discussed, such as assessing the angular acceptance of St. George and the re-integration of HiPPO at the separator target position to provide a dense, windowless helium gas-jet target. The material presented in this work is partially supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 1419765.

Technical and Legal Documents: St. Louis Park Site

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Technical and legal documents related to the St. Louis Park Site. Samples of ground water taken in St. Louis Park in 2005 and 2006 by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency were found to contain volatile organic compounds – known as VOCs.

Policy on Counting Superseded Checklists in StATS

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

As we proceed with implementing the State Authorization Tracking System (StATS), and develop management reports based on data in StATS, we continue to identify issues dealing with what events should or should not be counted in the system.

Simulation of ground-water flow in the St. Peter aquifer in an area contaminated by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Water Resources Investigation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lorenz, D.L.; Stark, J.R.

1990-01-01

A model constructed to simulate ground-water flow in part of the Prairie du Chien-Jordan and St. Peter aquifers, St. Louis Park, Minnesota, was used to test hypotheses about the movement of ground water contaminated with coal-tar derivatives and to simulate alternatives for reducing the downgradient movement of contamination in the St. Peter aquifer. The model, constructed for a previous study, was applied to simulate the effects of current ground-water withdrawals on the potentiometric surface of the St. Peter aquifer. Model simulations predict that the multiaquifer wells have the potential to limit downgradient migration of contaminants in the St. Peter aquifermore » caused by cones of depression created around the multiaquifer wells. Differences in vertical leakage to the St. Peter aquifer may exist in areas of bedrock valleys. Model simulations indicate that these differences are not likely to affect significantly the general patterns of ground-water flow.« less

Hydraulic characterization and optimization of total nitrogen removal in an aerated vertical subsurface flow treatment wetland.

PubMed

Boog, Johannes; Nivala, Jaime; Aubron, Thomas; Wallace, Scott; van Afferden, Manfred; Müller, Roland Arno

2014-06-01

In this study, a side-by-side comparison of two pilot-scale vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (6.2 m(2)×0.85 m, q(i)=95 L/m(2) d, τ(n)=3.5 d) handling primary treated domestic sewage was conducted. One system (VA-i) was set to intermittent aeration while the other was aerated continuously (VAp-c). Intermittent aeration was provided to VA-i in an 8 h on/4 h off pattern. The intermittently aerated wetland, VA-i, was observed to have 70% less nitrate nitrogen mass outflow than the continuously aerated wetland, VAp-c. Intermittent aeration was shown to increase treatment performance for TN while saving 33% of running energy cost for aeration. Parallel tracer experiments in the two wetlands showed hydraulic characteristics similar to one Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). Intermittent aeration did not significantly affect the hydraulic functioning of the system. Hydraulic efficiencies were 78% for VAp-c and 76% for VA-i. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nunaput Negeqlirmi (Our Village of St. Mary's).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau.

Yup'ik Eskimo children from the fifth and sixth grades of St. Mary's Public School, St. Mary's, Alaska, wrote this collection of 28 short stories. The 55 page book is printed in both Yup'ik and English. It features large type and illustrations drawn by the children and is intended for use in a bilingual education program. Some of the stories deal…

Three centuries of multi-storied St. Petersburg

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lavrov, Leonid; Perov, Fedor; Eremeeva, Aleksandra; Temnov, Vladimir

2018-03-01

The article is devoted to assessment of the role of high-rise buildings in the St. Petersburg historic city's ensemble. Features of formation of city architectural look, the conditions of city typical silhouette's appearance which is characterized by the contrast of a small number of high-rise structures with a low horizontal mass building are observed. The consequences of the emergence of a significant number of great height buildings, the silhouette of which conflicts with the traditional St. Petersburg landscape's compositional principles, are analyzed. The economic reasons of high-rise construction of residential and office buildings are given. The conclusions about the prospects of St. Petersburg high-rise construction in the light of city-building and economic factors are made.

St. Louis Encephalitis in Children

PubMed Central

Kaplan, Allen M.; Longhurst, William L.; Randall, Donald L.

1978-01-01

St. Louis encephalitis is not an uncommon cause of seasonal meningoencephalitis in children. The clinical presentation is variable and may range from inapparent infection to a severe illness with diverse neurologic signs. A review of three recent cases of St. Louis encephalitis in children in Phoenix, Arizona, stresses the need to consider this type of encephalitis in patients with signs of brain stem dysfunction or acute cerebellar ataxia. The appearance of these clinical signs is supported by the pathologic changes that have been documented to occur, most frequently in the thalamus and brain stem. The importance of serologic identification to facilitate early vector control is emphasized. PMID:664627

Increased serum concentrations of soluble ST2 predict mortality after burn injury.

PubMed

Hacker, Stefan; Dieplinger, Benjamin; Werba, Gregor; Nickl, Stefanie; Roth, Georg A; Krenn, Claus G; Mueller, Thomas; Ankersmit, Hendrik J; Haider, Thomas

2018-06-27

Large burn injuries induce a systemic response in affected patients. Soluble ST2 (sST2) acts as a decoy receptor for interleukin-33 (IL-33) and has immunosuppressive effects. sST2 has been described previously as a prognostic serum marker. Our aim was to evaluate serum concentrations of sST2 and IL-33 after thermal injury and elucidate whether sST2 is associated with mortality in these patients. We included 32 burn patients (total body surface area [TBSA] >10%) admitted to our burn intensive care unit and compared them to eight healthy probands. Serum concentrations of sST2 and IL-33 were measured serially using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The mean TBSA was 32.5%±19.6%. Six patients (18.8%) died during the hospital stay. Serum analyses showed significantly increased concentrations of sST2 and reduced concentrations of IL-33 in burn patients compared to healthy controls. In our study cohort, higher serum concentrations of sST2 were a strong independent predictor of mortality. Burn injuries cause an increment of sST2 serum concentrations with a concomitant reduction of IL-33. Higher concentrations of sST2 are associated with increased in-hospital mortality in burn patients.

Characterization of StABF1, a stress-responsive bZIP transcription factor from Solanum tuberosum L. that is phosphorylated by StCDPK2 in vitro.

PubMed

Muñiz García, María Noelia; Giammaria, Verónica; Grandellis, Carolina; Téllez-Iñón, María Teresa; Ulloa, Rita María; Capiati, Daniela Andrea

2012-04-01

ABF/AREB bZIP transcription factors mediate plant abiotic stress responses by regulating the expression of stress-related genes. These proteins bind to the abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element (ABRE), which is the major cis-acting regulatory sequence in ABA-dependent gene expression. In an effort to understand the molecular mechanisms of abiotic stress resistance in cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), we have cloned and characterized an ABF/AREB-like transcription factor from potato, named StABF1. The predicted protein shares 45-57% identity with A. thaliana ABFs proteins and 96% identity with the S. lycopersicum SlAREB1 and presents all of the distinctive features of ABF/AREB transcription factors. Furthermore, StABF1 is able to bind to the ABRE in vitro. StABF1 gene is induced in response to ABA, drought, salt stress and cold, suggesting that it might be a key regulator of ABA-dependent stress signaling pathways in cultivated potato. StABF1 is phosphorylated in response to ABA and salt stress in a calcium-dependent manner, and we have identified a potato CDPK isoform (StCDPK2) that phosphorylates StABF1 in vitro. Interestingly, StABF1 expression is increased during tuber development and by tuber-inducing conditions (high sucrose/nitrogen ratio) in leaves. We also found that StABF1 calcium-dependent phosphorylation is stimulated by tuber-inducing conditions and inhibited by gibberellic acid, which inhibits tuberization.

Finite element thermal analysis for PMMA/st.st.304 laser direct joining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hussein, Furat I.; Salloomi, Kareem N.; Akman, E.; Hajim, K. I.; Demir, A.

2017-01-01

This work is concerned with building a three-dimensional (3D) ab-initio models that is capable of predicting the thermal distribution of laser direct joining processes between Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and stainless steel 304(st.st.304). ANSYS® simulation based on finite element analysis (FEA) was implemented for materials joining in two modes; laser transmission joining (LTJ) and conduction joining (CJ). ANSYS® simulator was used to explore the thermal environment of the joints during joining (heating time) and after joining (cooling time). For both modes, the investigation is carried out when the laser spot is at the middle of the joint width, at 15 mm from the commencement point (joint edge) at traveling time of 3.75 s. Process parameters involving peak power (Pp=3 kW), pulse duration (τ=5 ms), pulse repetition rate (PRR=20 Hz) and scanning speed (v=4 mm/s) are applied for both modes.

Incorporating New Technologies for 21st Century Toxicity ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Presentation at the GlobalChem conference in Washington, DC on Incorporating New Technologies for 21st Century Toxicity Testing and Risk Assessment Presentation at the GlobalChem conference in Washington, DC on Incorporating New Technologies for 21st Century Toxicity Testing and Risk Assessment

The Changing Pattern of Population Structure of Staphylococcus aureus from Bacteremia in China from 2013 to 2016: ST239-030-MRSA Replaced by ST59-t437.

PubMed

Li, Shuguang; Sun, Shijun; Yang, Chentao; Chen, Hongbin; Yin, Yuyao; Li, Henan; Zhao, Chunjiang; Wang, Hui

2018-01-01

To investigate the epidemiology and genetic structure of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in China, a total of 416 isolates from 22 teaching hospitals in 12 cities from 2013 and 2016 were characterized by antibiogram analysis, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec ) typing. The predominant meticillin-susceptible (MSSA) genotypes in 2013 were ST188 (19.1%), ST7 (8.7%), and ST398 (7.8%), respectively, and they continued to be the main genotypes in 2016. The prevalence of meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were 36.5% (66/181) and 36.6% (86/235) in 2013 and 2016, respectively. Interestingly, the susceptibility rates of MRSA to rifampicin and fluoroquinolones increased significantly from 2013 to 2016 ( P < 0.01), and this was associated with changes in genetic structure. ST239-t030-MRSA, the predominant genotype among all MRSAs in 2013 (34.8%), was replaced by ST59-t437-MRSA (15.1%) in 2016. Further analysis revealed that the ST239-t030-MRSA were more resistant to rifampicin, tetracycline and fluoroquinolones than ST59-t437-MRSA ( P < 0.01). To further gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the changes of genetic structure, in vitro competition and fitness measurements were performed. Importantly, ST239-t030-MRSA displayed lower growth rate and lower competitive advantage compared to ST59-t437-MRSA. Together, our findings reveal that fitness advantage of ST59-t437-MRSA over ST239-t030-MRSA may lead to changes in genetic structure and increased susceptibility of MRSA to rifampicin and fluoroquinolones in Chinese patients with S. aureus bacteremia. Our study supports temporal dynamics in MRSA clone diversities, further providing critical insights into the importance of continued monitoring of MRSA.

St. Petersburg, Russia as seen from STS-60

NASA Image and Video Library

1994-02-09

STS060-103-055 (3-11 Feb 1994) --- This wintertime photograph shows the large city of St. Petersburg Russia at the head of the Gulf of Finland. The city, built by Peter the Great, is situated in the former swampy delta of the Neva River which connects the large Lake Ladoga (the frozen white surface on the edge of the photograph) to the Gulf of Finland. An interesting feature of St. Petersburg which can be discerned in this photograph is the new storm surge barrier built from both sides of the Gulf of Finland out to the island of Kronstadt in the middle. This barrier, similar to that which was built on the Thames River south of London to protect it from storm surges out of the North Sea, was constructed to protect St. Petersburg from storm surges coming out of the Baltic Sea and being magnified by the topography and hydrography of the Gulf of Finland. Also visible as a thin line between Kronstadt and St. Petersburg is the ice-free shipping channel kept open much of the winter. Power plant plumes are also visible on the frame. St. Petersburg is the home of the Russian cosmonaut, Sergei Krikalev, who flew aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery during STS-60.

Prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and obesity-related risk factors in southern China.

PubMed

Hu, Lihua; Huang, Xiao; You, Chunjiao; Li, Juxiang; Hong, Kui; Li, Ping; Wu, Yanqing; Wu, Qinhua; Wang, Zengwu; Gao, Runlin; Bao, Huihui; Cheng, Xiaoshu

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and obesity-related risk factors in southern China. A cross-sectional survey of 15,364 participants aged 15 years and older was conducted from November 2013 to August 2014 in Jiangxi Province, China, using questionnaire forms and physical measurements. The physical measurements included body height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral adipose index (VAI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. The prevalence of overweight was 25.8% (25.9% in males and 25.7% in females), while that of obesity was 7.9% (8.4% in males and 7.6% in females). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 10.2% (8.6% in males and 11.3% in females). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 37.1% in urban residents and 30.2% in rural residents, and this difference was significant (P < 0.001). Urban residents had a significantly higher prevalence of abdominal obesity than rural residents (11.6% vs 8.7%, P < 0.001). Among the participants with an underweight/normal body mass index (BMI), 1.3% still had abdominal obesity, 16.1% had a high BFP and 1.0% had a high VAI. Moreover, among obese participants, 9.7% had a low /normal WC, 0.8% had a normal BFP and 15.9% had a normal VAI. Meanwhile, the partial correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficients between VAI and BMI, VAI and WC, and BMI and WC were 0.700, 0.666, and 0.721, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that being female and having a high BFP and a high VAI were significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. In addition, living in an urban area and older age correlated with overweight/obesity. This study revealed that obesity and abdominal obesity, which differed by gender and age, are epidemic in southern China. Moreover, there

33 CFR 161.45 - Vessel Traffic Service St. Marys River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Vessel Traffic Service St. Marys... Movement Reporting System Areas and Reporting Points § 161.45 Vessel Traffic Service St. Marys River. (a) The VTS area consists of the navigable waters of the St. Marys River and lower Whitefish Bay from 45...

33 CFR 207.350 - St. Croix River, Wis. and Minn.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... 410) (b) Power dam at Taylors Falls. (1) That between April 1 and October 31, whenever the natural... the following localities: (i) On the Nevers Pond near the dam. (ii) On the St. Croix hydroplant pond near the dam. (iii) On the St. Croix hydroplant tailrace. (iv) On the St. Croix River near Osceola. (v...

The significance of early post-exercise ST segment normalization.

PubMed

Chow, Rudy; Fordyce, Christopher B; Gao, Min; Chan, Sammy; Gin, Kenneth; Bennett, Matthew

2015-01-01

The persistence of ST segment depression in recovery signifies a strongly positive exercise treadmill test (ETT). However, it is unclear if early recovery of ST segments portends a similar prognosis. We sought to determine if persistence of ST depression into recovery correlates with ischemic burden based on myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). This was a retrospective analysis of 853 consecutive patients referred for exercise MPI at a tertiary academic center over a 24-month period. Patients were stratified into three groups based on the results of the ETT: normal (negative ETT), persistence (positive ETT with >1mm ST segment depression at 1minute in recovery) and early normalization (positive ETT with <1mm ST segment depression at 1minute in recovery). Summed stress scores (SSSs) were calculated then for each patient, while the coronary anatomy was reported for the subset of patients who received coronary angiograms. A total of 513 patients had a negative ETT, 235 patients met criteria for early normalization, while 105 patients met criteria for persistence. The persistence group had a significantly greater SSS (8.48±7.77) than both the early normalization (4.34±4.98, p<0.001) and normal (4.47±5.31, p<0.001) groups. The SSSs of the early normalization and normal groups were not statistically different and met the prespecified non-inferiority margin (mean difference 0.12, -0.66=lower 95% CI, p<0.001). Among the 87 patients who underwent an angiogram, significant three-vessel or left main disease was seen in 39.3% of the persistence group compared with 5.9% of normal and 7.4% of early normalization groups. Among patients with an electrically positive ETT, recovery of ST segment depression within 1minute was associated with a lower SSS than patients with persistence of ST depression beyond 1minute. Furthermore, early ST segment recovery conferred a similar SSS to patients with a negative ETT. These results suggest that among patients evaluated for chest pain with

St. Louis encephalitis virus possibly transmitted through blood transfusion-Arizona, 2015.

PubMed

Venkat, Heather; Adams, Laura; Sunenshine, Rebecca; Krow-Lucal, Elisabeth; Levy, Craig; Kafenbaum, Tammy; Sylvester, Tammy; Smith, Kirk; Townsend, John; Dosmann, Melissa; Kamel, Hany; Patron, Roberto; Kuehnert, Matthew; Annambhotla, Pallavi; Basavaraju, Sridhar V; Rabe, Ingrid B

2017-12-01

St. Louis encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that infrequently causes epidemic central nervous system infections. In the United States, blood donors are not screened for St. Louis encephalitis virus infection, and transmission through blood transfusion has not been reported. During September 2015, St. Louis encephalitis virus infection was confirmed in an Arizona kidney transplant recipient. An investigation was initiated to determine the infection source. The patient was interviewed, and medical records were reviewed. To determine the likelihood of mosquito-borne infection, mosquito surveillance data collected at patient and blood donor residences in timeframes consistent with their possible exposure periods were reviewed. To investigate other routes of exposure, organ and blood donor and recipient specimens were obtained and tested for evidence of St. Louis encephalitis virus infection. The patient presented with symptoms of central nervous system infection. Recent St. Louis encephalitis virus infection was serologically confirmed. The organ donor and three other organ recipients showed no laboratory or clinical evidence of St. Louis encephalitis virus infection. Among four donors of blood products received by the patient via transfusion, one donor had a serologically confirmed, recent St. Louis encephalitis virus infection. Exposure to an infected mosquito was unlikely based on the patient's minimal outdoor exposure. In addition, no St. Louis encephalitis virus-infected mosquito pools were identified around the patient's residence. This investigation provides evidence of the first reported possible case of St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission through blood product transfusion. Health care providers and public health professionals should maintain heightened awareness for St. Louis encephalitis virus transmission through blood transfusion in settings where outbreaks are identified. © 2017 AABB.

Mount St. Helens Volcano, WA, USA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

Mount St. Helens Volcano (46.0N, 122.0W) and its blast zone can be seen in this northeast looking infrared view. Mt. Rainier and Mt. Adams can also be seen in the near area. The Columbia River can be seen at the bottom of the view. When Mt. St. Helens erupted on 18 May 80, the top 1300 ft. disappeared within minutes. The blast area covered an area of more than 150 sq. miles and sent thousands of tons of ash into the upper atmosphere.

Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

This photo of the Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Florida (28.0N, 82.5W) is one of a pair (see STS049-92-017) to compare the differences between color film and color infrared film. In the color image above, the scene appears as it would to the human eye. The city of St. Petersburg can be seen even though there is atmospheric haze obscuring the image. Color infrared film filters out the haze and portrays vegetation as shades of red or pink.

Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Florida, USA

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1992-01-01

This photo of the Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Florida (28.0N, 82.5W) is one of a pair (see STS049-97-020) to compare the differences between color film and color infrared film. In the color image above, the scene appears as it would to the human eye. The city of St. Petersburg can be seen even though there is atmospheric haze obscuring the image. Color infrared film filters out the haze and portrays vegetation as shades of red or pink.

Electrocardiographic characteristics in angiographically documented occlusion of the dominant left circumflex artery with acute inferior myocardial infarction: limitations of ST elevation III/II ratio and ST deviation in lateral limb leads.

PubMed

Zhan, Zhong-qun; Wang, Wei; Dang, Shu-yi; Wang, Chong-quan; Wang, Jun-feng; Cao, Zheng

2009-01-01

The prognosis of dominant left circumflex artery (LCx) occlusion-related inferior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients is poor, but the electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics of this AMI entity have not been described. One hundred thirty-five patients with first dominant right coronary artery (RCA) or dominant LCx-related inferior AMI were included. The characteristics of ECG obtained on admission for 55 patients with culprit lesions proximal to the first major right ventricular (RV) branch of dominant RCA (group proximal dominant RCA), 62 patients with culprit lesions distal to the first major RV branch of dominant RCA (group distal dominant RCA), and 18 patients with culprit lesions in dominant LCx (group dominant LCx) were compared. There were no significant differences among the 3 groups in the prevalence regarding an S/R ratio greater than 1:3 in aVL, ST elevation in aVR (ST upward arrow(aVR)), ST depression in aVR (ST downward arrow(aVR)) of 1 mm or more, and atrioventricular block. Greater ST elevation in lead III than in II and greater ST depression in aVL than I showed specificity of 17% and 44% to identify dominant RCA as culprit lesion, respectively. All 3 groups could be distinguished on the basis of ST upward arrow(V4R), ST downward arrow(V4R), ST downward arrow(V3)/ST upward arrow(III) of 1.2 or less, and ST downward arrow(V3)/ST upward arrow(III) of more than 1.2. Greater ST elevation in lead III than in II, greater ST depression in aVL than I, and an S/R ratio of greater than 1:3 in aVL were not useful to discriminate between dominant RCA and dominant LCx occlusion-related inferior AMI. ST-segment deviation in lead V(4)R and the ratio of ST downward arrow(V3)/ST upward arrow(III) were useful in predicting the dominant artery occlusion-related inferior AMI.

Association of admission testosterone level with ST-segment resolution in male patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

PubMed

Separham, Ahmad; Ghaffari, Samad; Sohrabi, Bahram; Aslanabadi, Naser; Hadavi Bavil, Mozhgan; Lotfollahi, Hasanali

2017-01-01

Low level of testosterone may be associated with cardiovascular diseases in men, as some evidence suggests a protective role for testosterone in cardiovascular system. Little is known about the possible role of serum testosterone in response to reperfusion therapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and its relationship with ST-segment recovery. The present study was conducted to evaluate the association of serum testosterone levels with ST-segment resolution following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in male patients with acute STEMI. Forty-eight men (mean age 54.55 ± 12.20) with STEMI undergoing PPCI were enrolled prospectively. Single-lead ST segment resolution in the lead with maximum baseline ST-elevation was measured and patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of ST-segment resolution: complete (> or =50%) or incomplete (<50%). The basic and demographic data of all patients, their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and laboratory findings including serum levels of free testosterone and cardiac enzymes were recorded along with angiographic finding and baseline TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) flow and also in-hospital complications and then these variables were compared between two groups. A complete ST-resolution (≥50%) was observed in 72.9% of the patients. The serum levels of free testosterone ( P  = 0.04), peak cardiac troponin ( P  = 0.03) were significantly higher and hs-CRP ( P  = 0.02) were lower in patients with complete ST-resolution compared to those with incomplete ST-resolution. In-hospital complications were observed in 31.2% of patients. The patients with a lower baseline TIMI flow ( P  = 0.03) and those who developed complications ( P  = 0.04) had lower levels of free testosterone. A significant positive correlation was observed between the left ventricular function and serum levels of free testosterone ( P  = 0.01 and r = +0.362). This study suggests that in

Sensitivity of various body indices and visceral adiposity index in predicting metabolic syndrome among Chinese patients with adult growth hormone deficiency.

PubMed

Qing, L; Wei, R; Chan, L; Xiaoya, Z; Xin, X

2017-06-01

Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) refers to decreased secretion of growth hormones in the adults, which is associated with increased clustering of conventional cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a recognized risk factor of cardiovascluar diseases, shares some clinical features. Given that the prevalence of MetS is on the rise in patients with AGHD, and that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in that population, the alternative, simple, non-invasive methods of assessing MetS among this population are needed. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of five anthropometric indices [Body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC), Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Visceral adiposity index (VAI)] in predicting metabolic syndrome in Chinese population-based patients with adult growth hormone deficiency. A total of 96 Chinese patients with adult growth hormone deficiency were included in this study. They were compared with equal number of apparently healthy persons with similar characteristics (matched with age and gender) to the previous group. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, serum lipids indices, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), WC were measured. BMI, WHR, WHtR, and VAI were calculated. AGHD patients with MetS had higher WC (91.00 ± 8.28 vs 78.01 ± 7.12), BMI (24.95 ± 2.91 VS 23.30 ± 2.80), WHR (0.92 ± 0.06 VS 0.87 ± 0.07), WHtR (0.53 ± 0.06 VS 0.47 ± 0.05), VAI [(5.59 (4.02, 7.55) VS 1.69 (0.87, 3.05)] levels in comparison to those without MetS. Meantime WC, BMI, WHR, WHtR, VAI was positively correlated to MetS components. ROC curve for participants with AGHD showed that VAI had the highest SS of 92% (BMI 0.812; WHR 0.706; WHtR 0.902; VAI 0.920, respectively) for prediction of MetS in AGHD. The optimal cutoff values for different

33 CFR 117.653 - St. Mary's Falls Canal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Mary's Falls Canal. 117.653 Section 117.653 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.653 St. Mary's Falls Canal. The draw of...

Chemistry of St. John's Wort: Hypericin and Hyperforin

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vollmer, John J.; Rosenson, Jon

2004-01-01

The appeal as natural antidepressant is the major selling point of St. John's Wort, which is referred to as "Prozac from the plant kingdom". Hypericin and hyperforin, two major constituents with significant biological activity of St. John's Wort and which are complex molecules with unusual features, are examined.

33 CFR 117.653 - St. Mary's Falls Canal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Mary's Falls Canal. 117.653 Section 117.653 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.653 St. Mary's Falls Canal. The draw of...

33 CFR 117.653 - St. Mary's Falls Canal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Mary's Falls Canal. 117.653 Section 117.653 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.653 St. Mary's Falls Canal. The draw of...

33 CFR 117.653 - St. Mary's Falls Canal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Mary's Falls Canal. 117.653 Section 117.653 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.653 St. Mary's Falls Canal. The draw of...

33 CFR 117.653 - St. Mary's Falls Canal.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Mary's Falls Canal. 117.653 Section 117.653 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Michigan § 117.653 St. Mary's Falls Canal. The draw of...

Meeting Report: 1st International Functional Metagenomics Workshop May 7–8, 2012, St. Jacobs, Ontario, Canada.

PubMed Central

Engel, Katja; Ashby, Deborah; Brady, Sean F.; Cowan, Don A.; Doemer, John; Edwards, Elizabeth A.; Fiebig, Klaus; Martens, Eric C.; McCormac, Dennis; Mead, David A.; Miyazaki, Kentaro; Moreno-Hagelsieb, Gabriel; O’Gara, Fergal; Reid, Alexandra; Rose, David R.; Simonet, Pascal; Sjöling, Sara; Smalla, Kornelia; Streit, Wolfgang R.; Tedman-Jones, Jennifer; Valla, Svein; Wellington, Elizabeth M. H.; Wu, Cheng-Cang; Liles, Mark R.; Neufeld, Josh D.; Sessitsch, Angela

2013-01-01

This report summarizes the events of the 1st International Functional Metagenomics Workshop. The workshop was held on May 7 and 8, 2012, in St. Jacobs, Ontario, Canada and was focused on building an international functional metagenomics community, exploring strategic research areas, and identifying opportunities for future collaboration and funding. The workshop was initiated by researchers at the University of Waterloo with support from the Ontario Genomics Institute (OGI), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the University of Waterloo. PMID:23961315

Mount St. Helens Rebirth

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2002-01-01

The catastrophic eruption of Mt. St. Helens 20 years ago today (on May 18, 1980), ranks among the most important natural events of the twentieth century in the United States. Because Mt. St. Helens is in a remote area of the Cascades Mountains, only a few people were killed by the eruption, but property damage and destruction totaled in the billions of dollars. Mount St. Helens is an example of a composite or stratovolcano. These are explosive volcanoes that are generally steep-sided, symmetrical cones built up by the accumulation of debris from previous eruptions and consist of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash and cinder. Some of the most photographed mountains in the world are stratovolcanoes, including Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount Rainier in Washington. The recently erupting Mount Usu on the island of Hokkaido in Japan is also a stratovolcano. Stratovolcanoes are characterized by having plumbing systems that move magma from a chamber deep within the Earth's crust to vents at the surface. The height of Mt. St. Helens was reduced from about 2950 m (9677 ft) to about 2550 m (8364 ft) as a result of the explosive eruption on the morning of May 18. The eruption sent a column of dust and ash upwards more than 25 km into the atmosphere, and shock waves from the blast knocked down almost every tree within 10 km of the central crater. Massive avalanches and mudflows, generated by the near-instantaneous melting of deep snowpacks on the flanks of the mountain, devastated an area more than 20 km to the north and east of the former summit, and rivers choked with all sorts of debris were flooded more than 100 km away. The area of almost total destruction was about 600 sq. km. Ash from the eruption cloud was rapidly blown to the northeast and east producing lightning which started many small forest fires. An erie darkness caused by the cloud enveloped the landscape more than 200 km from the blast area, and ash

17. Photocopy, 'St. Mary's New School,' from the commemorative booklet ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

17. Photocopy, 'St. Mary's New School,' from the commemorative booklet published for the dedication of the school, September 1923. View Southeast, North Front and West Side perspective at Church and Guthrie Street, including Rectory and Church (Original in possession of St. Mary's Parish) - St. Mary's Roman Catholic School, Northwest corner of Church Avenue & Guthrie Street, McKees Rocks, Allegheny County, PA

33 CFR 110.73 - St. Johns River, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Johns River, Fla. 110.73 Section 110.73 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73 St. Johns River, Fla. (a) Area A. The waters lying...

33 CFR 110.73 - St. Johns River, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Johns River, Fla. 110.73 Section 110.73 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73 St. Johns River, Fla. (a) Area A. The waters lying...

33 CFR 110.73 - St. Johns River, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Johns River, Fla. 110.73 Section 110.73 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73 St. Johns River, Fla. (a) Area A. The waters lying...

33 CFR 110.73 - St. Johns River, Fla.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Johns River, Fla. 110.73 Section 110.73 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.73 St. Johns River, Fla. (a) Area A. The waters lying...

A Hierarchy of 21st Birthday Drinking Norms

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Patrick, Megan E.; Neighbors, Clayton; Lee, Christine M.

2012-01-01

The present paper offers preliminary evidence for a hierarchical organization of normative social influences on 21st birthday drinking. In recent years, 21st birthday celebratory drinking has received increasing attention, due largely to the propagation of dangerous and sometimes fatal drinking traditions, such as attempting to drink one shot for…

Validity and reliability of the BOD POD® S/T tracking system.

PubMed

Tseh, W; Caputo, J L; Keefer, D J

2010-10-01

BOD POD(®) self-testing (S/T) body composition tracking system is a practical assessment tool designed for use in the health and fitness industries. Relative to its parent counterpart, the BOD POD(®) S/T has received little research attention. The primary purpose was to determine the validity of the BOD POD(®) S/T against hydrostatic weighing and 7-site skinfolds. Secondary aim was to determine the within-day and between-day reliability of the BOD POD(®) S/T. After a period of equipment and testing accommodation, volunteer's (N=50) body composition (%BF) via 7-site skinfolds, BOD POD(®) S/T, and hydrostatic weighing were obtained on the second and third visits. BOD POD(®) S/T significantly overestimated %BF when compared to hydrostatic weighing and 7-site skinfolds. There was no statistical difference between 7-site skinfolds and hydrostatic weighing values. BOD POD(®) S/T reliability within-day and between-days were high. While the BOD POD(®) S/T body composition tracking system is deemed reliable both within-day and between-days, it did significantly overestimate %BF in comparison to hydrostatic weighing and skinfolds. Future research should be aimed at deriving a correction factor for this body composition assessment tool. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

77 FR 25591 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-01

...] Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of... operating schedule that governs the Stillwater Highway Drawbridge across the St. Croix River, mile 23.4, at... Transportation requested a temporary deviation for the Stillwater Highway Drawbridge, across the St. Croix River...

Emergence of Nasal Carriage of ST80 and ST152 PVL+ Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Livestock in Algeria

PubMed Central

Agabou, Amir; Ouchenane, Zouleikha; Ngba Essebe, Christelle; Khemissi, Salim; Chehboub, Mohamed Tedj Eddine; Chehboub, Ilyes Bey; Dunyach-Remy, Catherine

2017-01-01

The spread of toxinogenic Staphylococcus aureus is a public health problem in Africa. The objectives of the study were to investigate the rate of S. aureus nasal carriage and molecular characteristics of these strains in livestock and humans in three Algerian provinces. Nasal samples were collected from camels, horses, cattle, sheep and monkeys, as well as humans in contact with them. S. aureus isolates were genotyped using DNA microarray. The rate of S. aureus nasal carriage varied between species: camels (53%), humans and monkeys (50%), sheep (44.2%), horses (15.2%) and cattle (15%). Nine methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (7.6%) were identified, isolated from camels and sheep. The S. aureus isolates belonged to 15 different clonal complexes. Among them, PVL+ (Panton–Valentine Leukocidin) isolates belonging to ST80-MRSA-IV and ST152-MSSA were identified in camels (n = 3, 13%) and sheep (n = 4, 21.1%). A high prevalence of toxinogenic animal strains was noted containing TSST-1- (22.2%), EDINB- (29.6%) and EtD- (11.1%) encoding genes. This study showed the dispersal of the highly human pathogenic clones ST152-MSSA and ST-80-MRSA in animals. It suggests the ability of some clones to cross the species barrier and jump between humans and several animal species. PMID:28946704

Immunotoxical evaluation of St. Lawrence beluga whales (Deiphinapterus leucas)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Guise, S. De; Fournier, M.; Martineau, D.

1995-12-31

An isolated population of beluga whales live in the St. Lawrence estuary. From approximately 5,000 at the beginning of the century, they now number 500 and their number has not increased since the last 10 years. High concentrations of environmental contaminants including organohalogens (mostly PCBs and DDT), as well as heavy metals (mostly mercury and lead) and HAP exposure have been demonstrated in tissues of these animals. A high incidence of diverse and severe lesions including infections with mildly pathogenic bacteria and numerous tumors were found upon examination of carcasses from the same population. An immunotoxicological evaluation of St. Lawrencemore » beluga whales compared to relatively unpolluted Arctic animals was undertaken to study the possibility of a contaminants induced immunosuppression which would explain the diversity and severity of those lesions. As a first step, several assays were developed to evaluate immune functions in beluga whales, and baseline data were established using Arctic animals. In vitro exposure of Arctic beluga lymphocytes to single contaminants present in St. Lawrence beluga blubber were also performed and showed a suppression of proliferation of lymphocytes with concentrations of mercury below those found in liver of adult St. Lawrence animals. Animal models were also developed to evaluate the immunotoxic potential of the mixture of contaminants found in blubber of St. Lawrence belugas. Rats were fed lipids from either St. Lawrence or Arctic belugas or a mixture of the two groups, and immune functions will be evaluated in these animals. Finally, the last step of the study will be to catch belugas in the St. Lawrence, evaluate their immune functions, compare them to those of Arctic animals and relate them to concentrations of the different contaminants measured in their blubber and plasma.« less

Exercise-induced ST-segment elevation during treadmill exercise testing.

PubMed

Patanè, Salvatore; Marte, Filippo

2010-09-03

The exercise electrocardiogram is a commonly used non-invasive and inexpensive method for detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes secondary to myocardial ischemia. It has been reported that in patients with a first myocardial infarction and without residual ischemia, exercise-induced ST-segment elevation in Q leads is related to a more damaged coronary microcirculation and to less viable myocardium. Exercise-induced ST-segment elevation is a rare phenomenon in patients without prior myocardial infarction. When occurring purely during exercise, coronary lesions are frequent and often severe, and on the other hand ST-segment elevation of the recovery phase is frequently associated with normal arteries or less severe lesions. We present a case of exercise-induced ST-segment elevation in a 51-year-old Italian man. Coronary angiography revealed a significant left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis, a significant circumflex coronary artery stenosis, a significant first obtuse marginal coronary artery stenosis and a significant second obtuse marginal coronary artery stenosis. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with implantation of stents was successfully performed. Also this case is illustrative of the rare phenomenon of exercise-induced ST-segment elevation. Copyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The mean, the median, and the St. Petersburg paradox.

PubMed

Hayden, Benjamin Y; Platt, Michael L

2009-06-01

The St. Petersburg Paradox is a famous economic and philosophical puzzle that has generated numerous conflicting explanations. To shed empirical light on this phenomenon, we examined subjects' bids for one St. Petersburg gamble with a real monetary payment. We found that bids were typically lower than twice the smallest payoff, and thus much lower than is generally supposed. We also examined bids offered for several hypothetical variants of the St. Petersburg Paradox. We found that bids were weakly affected by truncating the gamble, were strongly affected by repeats of the gamble, and depended linearly on the initial "seed" value of the gamble. One explanation, which we call the median heuristic , strongly predicts these data. Subjects following this strategy evaluate a gamble as if they were taking the median rather than the mean of the payoff distribution. Finally, we argue that the distribution of outcomes embodied in the St. Petersburg paradox is so divergent from the Gaussian form that the statistical mean is a poor estimator of expected value, so that the expected value of the St. Petersburg gamble is undefined. These results suggest that this classic paradox has a straightforward explanation rooted in the use of a statistical heuristic.

Geology of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands

USGS Publications Warehouse

Rankin, Douglas W.

2002-01-01

The rocks of St. John, which is located near the eastern end of the Greater Antilles and near the northeastern corner of the Caribbean plate, consist of Cretaceous basalt, andesite, keratophyre, their volcaniclastic and hypabyssal intrusive equivalents, and minor calcareous rocks and chert. These rocks were intruded by Tertiary mafic dikes and tonalitic plutons. The oldest rocks formed in an extensional oceanic environment characterized by abundant keratophyre and sheeted dikes. Subduction-related volcanism of the east-west-trending marine Greater Antilles volcanic arc began on St. John near the transition between the Early and Late Cretaceous. South-directed compression, probably caused by the initial collision between the Greater Antilles arc of the Caribbean plate and the Bahama platform of the North American plate, deformed the Cretaceous strata into east-west-trending folds with axial-plane cleavage. Late Eocene tonalitic intrusions, part of the Greater Antilles arc magmatism, produced a contact aureole that is as much as two kilometers wide and that partly annealed the axial-plane cleavage. East-west compression, possibly related to the relative eastward transport of the Caribbean plate in response to the beginning of spreading at the Cayman Trough, produced long-wavelength, low-amplitude folds whose axes plunge gently north and warp the earlier folds. A broad north-plunging syncline-anticline pair occupies most of St. John. The last tectonic event affecting St. John is recorded by a series of post-late Eocene sinistral strike-slip faults related to the early stages of spreading at the Cayman Trough spreading center and sinistral strike-slip accommodation near the northern border of the Caribbean plate. Central St. John is occupied by a rhomb horst bounded by two of these sinistral faults. Unlike other parts of the Greater Antilles, evidence for recent tectonic movement has not been observed on St. John.

The Geological Environment West of St. Croix

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-03-01

plateau’s surface. The plateau was probably similar in depth and structural disposition, with respect to the island of St. Croix and the island slope, during...St. Croix at 800-1,200 m depth . The plateau is dissected by three submarine canyons. Rock outcrops are largely confined to the walls of the canyons...absence of stratigraphic control. A NE/SW syncline underlies the Plateau and controls the location of Frederick- sted Canyon. Structural activity

Rebuilding the LMS for the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Demski, Jennifer

2012-01-01

Finally--12 years into the 21st century--higher ed classrooms are turning into incubators for the kind of learning environment that curriculum and instructional technology experts have advocated for years. Yet a key question remains: Can legacy learning management systems (LMSs) be dragged into the 21st century as part of this new educational…

77 FR 31724 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-30

... Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of temporary... schedule that governs the Stillwater Highway Drawbridge across the St. Croix River, mile 23.4, at... Drawbridge, across the St. Croix River, mile 23.4, at Stillwater, Minnesota to be closed-to-navigation on...

33 CFR 110.250 - St. Thomas Harbor, Charlotte Amalie, V.I.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Thomas Harbor, Charlotte... SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Anchorage Grounds § 110.250 St. Thomas Harbor, Charlotte Amalie... move promptly upon notification by the Harbor Master. (4) The harbor regulations for the Port of St...

77 FR 419 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-05

... Operation Regulation; St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of... bridge across the St. Johns River, mile 24.9, in Jacksonville, Florida. The regulation is set forth in 33... automated railroad bridge over the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida. This temporary deviation will...

78 FR 63380 - Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-24

...-0600; Airspace Docket No. 13-ANM-18] Amendment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This action amends Class E airspace at St. George Municipal Airport, St. George, UT, by removing the operating hours established by a Notice to...

Right bundle branch block and anterior wall ST elevation myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Trofin, Monica; Israel, Carsten W; Barold, S Serge

2017-09-01

We report the case of an acute anterior wall ST elevation myocardial infarction with new left anterior fascicular block and pre-existing right bundle branch block. Due to a wide right bundle branch block, no ST segment elevation was visible in lead V1. The left anterior fascicular block was caused by proximal occlusion of the left artery descending and disappeared after acute revascularization. However, also the R' of the right bundle branch block became significantly shorter after revascularization, dismanteling a minor ST segment elevation. The ST elevation in lead V1 in anterior wall infarction and right bundle branch block may merge with the R' and cause a further QRS widening as an "equivalent" to the ST elevation.

Alternative Fuels Data Center: The Heat Is on in St. Louis Buses

Science.gov Websites

The Heat Is on in St. Louis Buses to someone by E-mail Share Alternative Fuels Data Center: The Heat Is on in St. Louis Buses on Facebook Tweet about Alternative Fuels Data Center: The Heat Is on in St. Louis Buses on Twitter Bookmark Alternative Fuels Data Center: The Heat Is on in St. Louis Buses

46 CFR 7.95 - St. Johns Point, FL to Miami Beach, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false St. Johns Point, FL to Miami Beach, FL. 7.95 Section 7... LINES Atlantic Coast § 7.95 St. Johns Point, FL to Miami Beach, FL. (a) A line drawn from the seaward extremity of St. Augustine Inlet north jetty to latitude 29°55′ N. longitude 81°15.3′ W. (St. Augustine...

78 FR 35757 - Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-14

...] Drawbridge Operation Regulation; St. Croix River, Stillwater, MN AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Notice of... operating schedule that governs the Stillwater Highway Drawbridge across the St. Croix River, mile 23.4, at... St. Croix River, mile 23.4, at Stillwater, Minnesota to be closed-to-navigation on July 4, 2013 as...

33 CFR 165.721 - Safety Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Safety Zone: St. Johns River... Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL. (a) Location. The following area is established as a safety... barges during the storage, preparation, and launching of fireworks in the St. Johns River between the...

Groundwater quality in the Delaware and St. Lawrence River Basins, New York, 2010

USGS Publications Warehouse

Nystrom, Elizabeth A.

2012-01-01

Water quality in both study areas is generally good, but concentrations of some constituents equaled or exceeded current or proposed Federal or New York State drinking-water standards. The standards exceeded are color (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), pH (three samples in the Delaware study area), sodium (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), total dissolved solids (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), aluminum (one sample in the Delaware study area and one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), iron (seven samples in the St. Lawrence study area), manganese (one sample in the Delaware study area and five samples in the St. Lawrence study area), gross alpha radioactivity (one sample in the St. Lawrence study area), radon-222 (10 samples in the Delaware study area and 14 samples in the St. Lawrence study area), and bacteria (5 samples in the Delaware study area and 10 samples in the St. Lawrence study area). E. coli bacteria were detected in samples from two wells in the St. Lawrence study area. Concentrations of chloride, fluoride, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, thallium, zinc, and uranium did not exceed existing drinking-water standards in any of the samples collected.

Motives of 21st-Century-Skills Group Questioned

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sawchuk, Stephen

2009-01-01

Depending on whom one asks, "21st-century skills" can mean different things: technology literacy, the ability to analyze and apply knowledge, a knack for working effectively with colleagues in teams. In what is probably its most visible form for educators, though, the term refers to the work of the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, the Tucson,…

Mt. St. Helens Memories.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharp, Len

1992-01-01

Provides a personal account of one science teacher's participation in a teacher workshop in which teachers learned about volcanic development, types of eruption, geomorphology, plate tectonics, volcano monitoring, and hazards created by volcanoes by examining Mt. St. Helens. Provides a graphic identifying volcanoes active since 1975. (MDH)

33 CFR 162.117 - St. Marys River, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Marys River, Sault Ste. Marie... SECURITY (CONTINUED) PORTS AND WATERWAYS SAFETY INLAND WATERWAYS NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 162.117 St. Marys River, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan. (a) The area. The waters of the St. Marys River and lower Whitefish...

78 FR 65747 - Environmental Impact Statement: Adoption: St. Tammany Parish, LA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-11-01

...: Adoption: St. Tammany Parish, LA AGENCY: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of... District for LA 3241, I-12 to Bush Highway in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana. The FEIS will be supplemented...), intends to adopt an approved Final EIS for the I-12 to Bush Highway in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana. The...

33 CFR 165.722 - Security Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, Florida.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Security Zone: St. Johns River....722 Security Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, Florida. (a) Location. The water located within the following area is established as a security zone: beginning at the shoreline of the St. Johns River at the...

46 CFR 7.80 - Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA. 7.80 Section... BOUNDARY LINES Atlantic Coast § 7.80 Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA. (a) A line drawn from the...′ N. longitude 81°02.3′ W. (St. Catherines Sound Buoy “St. C.”); thence to latitude 31°31.2′ N...

Genomic Epidemiology of Hypervirulent Serogroup W, ST-11 Neisseria meningitidis

PubMed Central

Mustapha, Mustapha M.; Marsh, Jane W.; Krauland, Mary G.; Fernandez, Jorge O.; de Lemos, Ana Paula S.; Dunning Hotopp, Julie C.; Wang, Xin; Mayer, Leonard W.; Lawrence, Jeffrey G.; Hiller, N. Luisa; Harrison, Lee H.

2015-01-01

Neisseria meningitidis is a leading bacterial cause of sepsis and meningitis globally with dynamic strain distribution over time. Beginning with an epidemic among Hajj pilgrims in 2000, serogroup W (W) sequence type (ST) 11 emerged as a leading cause of epidemic meningitis in the African ‘meningitis belt’ and endemic cases in South America, Europe, Middle East and China. Previous genotyping studies were unable to reliably discriminate sporadic W ST-11 strains in circulation since 1970 from the Hajj outbreak strain (Hajj clone). It is also unclear what proportion of more recent W ST-11 disease clusters are caused by direct descendants of the Hajj clone. Whole genome sequences of 270 meningococcal strains isolated from patients with invasive meningococcal disease globally from 1970 to 2013 were compared using whole genome phylogenetic and major antigen-encoding gene sequence analyses. We found that all W ST-11 strains were descendants of an ancestral strain that had undergone unique capsular switching events. The Hajj clone and its descendants were distinct from other W ST-11 strains in that they shared a common antigen gene profile and had undergone recombination involving virulence genes encoding factor H binding protein, nitric oxide reductase, and nitrite reductase. These data demonstrate that recent acquisition of a distinct antigen-encoding gene profile and variations in meningococcal virulence genes was associated with the emergence of the Hajj clone. Importantly, W ST-11 strains unrelated to the Hajj outbreak contribute a significant proportion of W ST-11 cases globally. This study helps illuminate genomic factors associated with meningococcal strain emergence and evolution. PMID:26629539

Brain Biology Machine Initiative: Developing Innovative Novel Methods to Improve Neuro-Rehabilitation for Amputees and Treatment for Patients at Remote Sites with Acute Brain Injury

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

bode well for the future. The paper we submitted to the Journal of Neuroscience detailing the TVAG rabies tracer system was accepted with revisions...of brain electrical activity. Stas Kounitsky successfully completed the port of the new vector-additive implicit (VAI) method for the anisotropic ...Alternating Difference 14 Implicit (ADI) for isotropic head models, and the Vector Additive Implicit (VAI) for anisotropic head models. The ADI method

St. Petersburg, Russia as seen from STS-60

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1994-01-01

This wintertime photograph shows the large city of St. Petersburg, Russia at the head of the Gulf of Finland. The city, built by Peter the Great, is situated in the former swampy delta of the Neva River which connects the large Lake Ladoga (the frozen white surface on the edge of the photograph) to the Gulf of Finland. An interesting feature of St. Petersburg which can be discerned in this photograph is the new storm surge barrier built from both sides of the Gulf of Finland out to the island of Kronstadt in the middle. Also visible as a thin line between Kronstadt and St. Petersburg is the ice-free shipping channel kept open much of the winter. Power plant plumes are also visible on the frame.

13. Photocopy of photograph mounted on Christmas card (from St. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

13. Photocopy of photograph mounted on Christmas card (from St. Paul's Church) Photographer unknown 1906 INTERIOR LOOKING EAST - St. Paul's Episcopal Church, 120 East J Street, Benicia, Solano County, CA

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 from Human Patients, Upper Austria

PubMed Central

Metz-Gercek, Sigrid; Mittermayer, Helmut

2009-01-01

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal type ST398 is usually associated with animals. We examined 1,098 confirmed MRSA samples from human patients and found that 21 were MRSA ST398. Most (16) patients were farmers. Increasing prevalence from 1.3% (2006) to 2.5% (2008) shows emergence of MRSA ST398 in humans in Austria. PMID:19402964

The mean, the median, and the St. Petersburg paradox

PubMed Central

Hayden, Benjamin Y.; Platt, Michael L.

2013-01-01

The St. Petersburg Paradox is a famous economic and philosophical puzzle that has generated numerous conflicting explanations. To shed empirical light on this phenomenon, we examined subjects’ bids for one St. Petersburg gamble with a real monetary payment. We found that bids were typically lower than twice the smallest payoff, and thus much lower than is generally supposed. We also examined bids offered for several hypothetical variants of the St. Petersburg Paradox. We found that bids were weakly affected by truncating the gamble, were strongly affected by repeats of the gamble, and depended linearly on the initial “seed” value of the gamble. One explanation, which we call the median heuristic, strongly predicts these data. Subjects following this strategy evaluate a gamble as if they were taking the median rather than the mean of the payoff distribution. Finally, we argue that the distribution of outcomes embodied in the St. Petersburg paradox is so divergent from the Gaussian form that the statistical mean is a poor estimator of expected value, so that the expected value of the St. Petersburg gamble is undefined. These results suggest that this classic paradox has a straightforward explanation rooted in the use of a statistical heuristic. PMID:24179560

Fossil fuels in the 21st century.

PubMed

Lincoln, Stephen F

2005-12-01

An overview of the importance of fossil fuels in supplying the energy requirements of the 21st century, their future supply, and the impact of their use on global climate is presented. Current and potential alternative energy sources are considered. It is concluded that even with substantial increases in energy derived from other sources, fossil fuels will remain a major energy source for much of the 21st century and the sequestration of CO2 will be an increasingly important requirement.

4. Photocopy of inkandwatercolor drawing (from St. Michael's Church) Rambusch, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

4. Photocopy of ink-and-watercolor drawing (from St. Michael's Church) Rambusch, illustrator ca. 1932-37 INTERIOR, LOOKING NORTHEAST - St. Michael's Catholic Church, 519 East Third Street, Madison, Jefferson County, IN

Prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and obesity-related risk factors in southern China

PubMed Central

Hu, Lihua; Huang, Xiao; You, Chunjiao; Li, Juxiang; Hong, Kui; Li, Ping; Wu, Yanqing; Wu, Qinhua; Wang, Zengwu; Gao, Runlin; Bao, Huihui

2017-01-01

Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and obesity-related risk factors in southern China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 15,364 participants aged 15 years and older was conducted from November 2013 to August 2014 in Jiangxi Province, China, using questionnaire forms and physical measurements. The physical measurements included body height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral adipose index (VAI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Results The prevalence of overweight was 25.8% (25.9% in males and 25.7% in females), while that of obesity was 7.9% (8.4% in males and 7.6% in females). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 10.2% (8.6% in males and 11.3% in females). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 37.1% in urban residents and 30.2% in rural residents, and this difference was significant (P < 0.001). Urban residents had a significantly higher prevalence of abdominal obesity than rural residents (11.6% vs 8.7%, P < 0.001). Among the participants with an underweight/normal body mass index (BMI), 1.3% still had abdominal obesity, 16.1% had a high BFP and 1.0% had a high VAI. Moreover, among obese participants, 9.7% had a low /normal WC, 0.8% had a normal BFP and 15.9% had a normal VAI. Meanwhile, the partial correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficients between VAI and BMI, VAI and WC, and BMI and WC were 0.700, 0.666, and 0.721, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that being female and having a high BFP and a high VAI were significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. In addition, living in an urban area and older age correlated with overweight/obesity. Conclusion This study revealed that obesity and abdominal obesity, which differed by gender and age, are

Chemistry of St. John's Wort: Hypericin and Hyperforin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vollmer, John J.; Rosenson, Jon

2004-10-01

St. John's wort is a common plant that has been used medicinally for over 20 centuries. This herb is currently used by millions of people, primarily as natural antidepressant; yet, its efficacy is still under constant debate. St. John's wort contains a large aromatic molecule, hypericin, twisted by steric interactions into the shape of a propeller. For use as antidepressant, St. John's wort is standardized to the content of hypericin, but this molecule was recently found not to be the active ingredient. A totally different bicyclic molecule with complex substitution pattern, hyperforin, was then studied as the causative agent. Both molecules are strongly active in biological systems. Hypericin has shown antiviral activity and is a potent natural photosensitizer that has been used in photodynamic therapy against cancer and against HIV in stored blood. Hyperforin was found to activate a particular receptor in the liver that induces the production of an enzyme used for the metabolism of medications. This effect causes more rapid breakdown of many prescription medications and can interfere with their effectiveness. This finding should prompt a reevaluation of regular use of St. John's wort.

Rebuilding Mount St. Helens

USGS Publications Warehouse

Schilling, Steve P.; Ramsey, David W.; Messerich, James A.; Thompson, Ren A.

2006-01-01

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens, Washington exploded in a spectacular and devastating eruption that shocked the world. The eruption, one of the most powerful in the history of the United States, removed 2.7 cubic kilometers of rock from the volcano's edifice, the bulk of which had been constructed by nearly 4,000 years of lava-dome-building eruptions. In seconds, the mountain's summit elevation was lowered from 2,950 meters to 2,549 meters, leaving a north-facing, horseshoe-shaped crater over 2 kilometers wide. Following the 1980 eruption, Mount St. Helens remained active. A large lava dome began episodically extruding in the center of the volcano's empty crater. This dome-building eruption lasted until 1986 and added about 80 million cubic meters of rock to the volcano. During the two decades following the May 18, 1980 eruption, Crater Glacier formed tongues of ice around the east and west sides of the lava dome in the deeply shaded niche between the lava dome and the south crater wall. Long the most active volcano in the Cascade Range with a complex 300,000-year history, Mount St. Helens erupted again in the fall of 2004 as a new period of dome building began within the 1980 crater. Between October 2004 and February 2006, about 80 million cubic meters of dacite lava erupted immediately south of the 1980-86 lava dome. The erupting lava separated the glacier into two parts, first squeezing the east arm of the glacier against the east crater wall and then causing equally spectacular crevassing and broad uplift of the glacier's west arm. Vertical aerial photographs document dome growth and glacier deformation. These photographs enabled photogrammetric construction of a series of high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) showing changes from October 4, 2004 to February 9, 2006. From the DEMs, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications were used to estimate extruded volumes and growth rates of the new lava dome. The DEMs were also used to quantify dome

10. Elevation of iconostas at Chapel of St. Sergius of ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

10. Elevation of iconostas at Chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh; Elevation of iconostas at Chapel of St. Innocent of Irkutsk - Holy Ascension Russian Orthodox Church, Unalaska Island, Unalaska, Aleutian Islands, AK

ST segment elevation in lead aVR: what to expect from this orphan?

PubMed

Iskandar, Said B; Fahrig, Stephen A

2008-12-01

Standard 12-lead electrocardiography is used to diagnose acute myocardial infarctions in patient presenting with ST elevation. The specificity of ST segment elevation for the corresponding area is more than 90 percent. It has been suggested that ST-segment elevation in lead aVR may indicate left main disease. We will present a patient who had an ST segment elevation in this lead. We will review the current data about this finding, as well as the significance of ST segment elevation in other leads.

Candide in St. Louis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yee, Roger

1974-01-01

A young, St. Louis, Missouri, architectural firm, seeking a personal style of practice, has succeeded in creating structures that reveal client input, and which are sensitive, articulate, and at ease with complexity. Describes an elementary school, a condominium, a shopping mall, a high school, and a "community mall." Illustrated with photographs…

Additions to the avifauna of St Matthew Island, Bering Sea

USGS Publications Warehouse

Johnson, James A.; Matsuoka, Steven M.; Ruthrauff, Daniel R.; Litzow, Michael A.; Dementyev, Maksim N.

2004-01-01

St. Matthew Island (60°24' N, 172°42' W) is located in the north-central Bering Sea and is renowned for its distinctive Beringian flora and fauna. Because of its central position between the coasts of Russia and Alaska, St. Matthew Island and its nearby satellites, Hall and Pinnacle islands, support a mixture of Palearctic and Nearctic avifaunas. Of special interest to North American ornithologists are the numerous Eurasian bird species that visit the islands each spring and fall. Winker et al. (2002) published the first comprehensive summary of bird records for the 125 species detected on St. Matthew Island from 1899 to 1997. Because of its remote location, however, St. Matthew Island is seldom visited, and the island's avifauna remains poorly described.As part of an island-wide systematic survey for Rock Sandpipers (Calidris ptilocnemis) and McKay's Buntings (Plectrophenax hyperboreus), our crew of five ornithologists was present on St. Matthew Island from 25 May to 9 July 2003. In this paper we provide information for 11 bird species seen for the first time on St. Matthew Island. Phylogenetic sequence and nomenclature follow the American Ornithologists' Union (1998, 2000) and Banks et al. (2002, 2003, 2004). An annotated species list with details of observation is on file at the University of Alaska Museum, Fairbank.

Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST273 Carrying blaNDM-7 and ST656 Carrying blaNDM-1 in Manila, Philippines

PubMed Central

Chou, Andrew; Roa, Marylette; Evangelista, Michael A.; Sulit, Arielle Kae; Lagamayo, Evelina; Torres, Brian C.; Klinzing, David C.; Daroy, Maria Luisa G.; Navoa-Ng, Josephine; Sucgang, Richard

2016-01-01

We sought to determine the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and to investigate the emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in two teaching hospitals in Manila, Philippines. We screened 364 Enterobacteriaceae for carbapenem resistance between 2012 and 2013 and detected four carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from three different patients. We used whole genome sequencing to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles and confirmed the presence of carbapenemase genes by multiplex PCR. We used multilocus sequence typing and PCR-based replicon typing to genetically characterize the carbapenem-resistant isolates. The carbapenemase gene blaNDM was detected in K. pneumoniae isolates from two patients. The first patient had ventilator-associated pneumonia and lumbar shunt infection from K. pneumoniae ST273 carrying blaNDM-7. The second patient had asymptomatic genitourinary colonization with K. pneumoniae ST656 carrying blaNDM-1. The third patient had a gluteal abscess with K. pneumoniae ST1 that did not carry a carbapenemase gene, but did carry blaDHA-1, blaOXA-1, and blaSHV-1. In this study, we report the first cases of blaNDM-carrying pathogens in the Philippines and add to the growing evidence of the worldwide spread of ST273 and NDM-7, a more efficient carbapenem hydrolyzer than NDM-1. PMID:27032000

Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST273 Carrying blaNDM-7 and ST656 Carrying blaNDM-1 in Manila, Philippines.

PubMed

Chou, Andrew; Roa, Marylette; Evangelista, Michael A; Sulit, Arielle Kae; Lagamayo, Evelina; Torres, Brian C; Klinzing, David C; Daroy, Maria Luisa G; Navoa-Ng, Josephine; Sucgang, Richard; Zechiedrich, Lynn

2016-10-01

We sought to determine the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and to investigate the emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in two teaching hospitals in Manila, Philippines. We screened 364 Enterobacteriaceae for carbapenem resistance between 2012 and 2013 and detected four carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from three different patients. We used whole genome sequencing to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles and confirmed the presence of carbapenemase genes by multiplex PCR. We used multilocus sequence typing and PCR-based replicon typing to genetically characterize the carbapenem-resistant isolates. The carbapenemase gene bla NDM was detected in K. pneumoniae isolates from two patients. The first patient had ventilator-associated pneumonia and lumbar shunt infection from K. pneumoniae ST273 carrying bla NDM-7 . The second patient had asymptomatic genitourinary colonization with K. pneumoniae ST656 carrying bla NDM-1 . The third patient had a gluteal abscess with K. pneumoniae ST1 that did not carry a carbapenemase gene, but did carry bla DHA-1 , bla OXA-1 , and bla SHV-1 . In this study, we report the first cases of bla NDM -carrying pathogens in the Philippines and add to the growing evidence of the worldwide spread of ST273 and NDM-7, a more efficient carbapenem hydrolyzer than NDM-1.

Examining the 21st Century Classroom: Developing an Innovation Configuration Map

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Donovan, Loretta; Green, Tim D.; Mason, Candice

2014-01-01

Despite it being the second decade of the 21st century, there still exists a range of definitions of what a 21st century learning environment is. This can be troublesome for teacher educators as we strive to prepare teachers for environments we can't clearly describe. In order to describe a 21st century learning environment, we developed an IC Map…

The INSU and DMN network of ST radars

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petitdidier, M.; Klaus, V.; Baudin, F.; Crochet, M.; Penazzi, G.; Quinty, P.

1986-01-01

Due to their capabilities of measuring wind profiles with good time and height resolution, Stratosphere-Troposphere (ST) are well adapted to carry out atmospheric research. In France, a Very High Frequency (VHF) and an Ultrahigh Frequency (UHF) ST radar are working for research purposes. The INSU (Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers) and the DMN (Direction de la Meteorologie Nationale) networks are discussed.

Theme: Is FFA Needed in the 21st Century?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stagg, Bill, Ed.; And Others

1999-01-01

Includes "Will FFA [Future Farmers of America] Be a Part of Agricultural Education in Twenty Years?" (Stagg, Staller); "The FFA Organization" (Vaughn, Keith, Lockaby); "FFA in Y2K=Success" (Leib); "Drivers Wanted for the 21st Century" (Morgan, Vincent); "FFA in the 21st Century" (Trivette,…

Improved speed and stability of ST-segment recovery with reduced-dose tenecteplase and eptifibatide compared with full-dose tenecteplase for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Roe, Matthew T; Green, Cynthia L; Giugliano, Robert P; Gibson, C Michael; Baran, Kenneth; Greenberg, Mark; Palmeri, Sebastian T; Crater, Suzanne; Trollinger, Kathleen; Hannan, Karen; Harrington, Robert A; Krucoff, Mitchell W

2004-02-18

This sub-study of the Integrilin and Tenecteplase in Acute Myocardial Infarction (INTEGRITI) trial evaluated of the impact of combination reperfusion therapy with reduced-dose tenecteplase plus eptifibatide on continuous ST-segment recovery and angiographic results. Combination therapy with reduced-dose fibrinolytics and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction improves biomarkers of reperfusion success but has not reduced mortality when compared with full-dose fibrinolytics. We evaluated 140 patients enrolled in the INTEGRITI trial with 24-h continuous 12-lead ST-segment monitoring and angiography at 60 min. The dose-combination regimen of 50% of standard-dose tenecteplase (0.27 microg/kg) plus high-dose eptifibatide (2 boluses of 180 microg/kg separated by 10 min, 2.0 microg/kg/min infusion) was compared with full-dose tenecteplase (0.53 microg/kg). The dose-confirmation regimen of reduced-dose tenecteplase plus high-dose eptifibatide was associated with a faster median time to stable ST-segment recovery (55 vs. 98 min, p = 0.06), improved stable ST-segment recovery by 2 h (89.6% vs. 67.7%, p = 0.02), and less recurrent ischemia (34.0% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.05) when compared with full-dose tenecteplase. Continuously updated ST-segment recovery analyses demonstrated a modest trend toward greater ST-segment recovery at 30 min (57.7% vs. 40.6%, p = 0.13) and 60 min (82.7% vs. 65.6%, p = 0.08) with this regimen. These findings correlated with improved angiographic results at 60 min. Combination therapy with reduced-dose tenecteplase and eptifibatide leads to faster, more stable ST-segment recovery and improved angiographic flow patterns, compared with full-dose tenecteplase. These findings question the relationship between biomarkers of reperfusion success and clinical outcomes.

St. John's Wort and Depression

MedlinePlus

... Health (NIMH) Web page on depression . What the Science Says About the Effectiveness of St.  John’s Wort ... that is separate from the treatment. What the Science Says About the Safety and Side Effects of ...

14. 1862 LITHOGRAPH SHOWING ST. DAVID'S CHURCH IN WINTER SCENE. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

14. 1862 LITHOGRAPH SHOWING ST. DAVID'S CHURCH IN WINTER SCENE. Photocopied from George Smith's book, History of Delaware County, Penna., 1862 - St. David's Church (Episcopal), Valley Forge Road (Newtown Township), Wayne, Delaware County, PA

Collisional Tectonics in the St. Elias Orogen, Alaska Observed by GPS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Elliott, J.; Freymueller, J. T.; Larsen, C. F.

2008-12-01

The rugged topography of the St. Elias orogen of southern Alaska and the adjacent region of Canada is the result of the on-going collision of the Yakutat block with southern Alaska. Nearly 45 mm/yr of NW-SE directed convergence from the collision is currently accommodated within the St. Elias orogen. A key to understanding this complex collisional boundary is knowing the locations of the structures taking up the convergence. GPS provides a snapshot of the present-day strain field and helps to delineate active structures. As part of the St. Elias Erosion/Tectonics Project (STEEP), we re-surveyed 70 campaign GPS sites across the St. Elias orogen during the summer of 2008. Strain rates derived from our GPS data highlight several areas within the St. Elias orogen. The highest strain rates occur across Icy Bay and the western edge of the Malaspina Glacier. Rates there approach -1 microstrain/yr, a value higher than that observed in the Himalaya. Lower, but still significant, strain rates of about -0.2 microstrain/yr extend north from Icy Bay to the region surrounding Mt. St. Elias. The second major focus of compressive strain in the orogen is centered over the Yakataga fold-and-thrust belt. Strain rates there are in the range of -0.40 to -0.50 microstrain/yr. Little significant strain is seen across the Bagley icefield or to the north of that feature. These results suggest that most of the convergence across the St. Elias orogen is currently accommodated on structures located south of the Bagely icefield, specifically in the Icy Bay, upper Malaspina/Mt. St. Elias, and Yakataga fold-and-thrust belt regions. We use block modeling techniques to describe the tectonic elements of the St. Elias orogen and connect them with the tectonic regime in southeast Alaska. Our preliminary results indicate that a single thrust fault through Icy Bay cannot explain the data there; multiple NW and N directed thrust faults through Icy Bay, along the western edge of the Malaspina Glacier

StMYB44 negatively regulates phosphate transport by suppressing expression of PHOSPHATE1 in potato

PubMed Central

Zhou, Xiangjun; Zha, Manrong; Huang, Jing; Li, Li; Imran, Muhammad

2017-01-01

Abstract Phosphorus is an important macronutrient for plant growth, but often deficient in soil. To understand the molecular basis of the complex responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to phosphate (Pi) deficiency stress, the RNA-Seq approach was taken to identify genes responding to Pi starvation in potato roots. A total of 359 differentially expressed genes were identified, among which the Solanum tuberosum transcription factor gene MYB44 (StMYB44) was found to be down-regulated by Pi starvation. StMYB44 was ubiquitously expressed in potato tissues and organs, and StMYB44 protein was exclusively localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of StMYB44 in potato resulted in lower accumulation of Pi in shoots. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that the abundance of S. tuberosum PHOSPHATE1 (StPHO1), a Pi transport-related gene, was reduced in StMYB44 overexpression lines. In contrast, knock-out of StMYB44 by a CRISPR/Cas9 system failed to increase transcription of StPHO1. Moreover, StMYB44 was found to interact in the nucleus with AtWRKY6, a known Arabidopsis transcription factor directly regulating PHO1 expression, and StWRKY6, indicating that StMYB44 could be a member of the regulatory complex controlling transcription of StPHO1. Taken together, our study demonstrates that StMYB44 negatively regulates Pi transport in potato by suppressing StPHO1 expression. PMID:28338870

Evolutionary history of the alpha2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia) gene family: Tandem duplications in early deuterostomes explain most of the diversity found in the vertebrate ST8Sia genes

PubMed Central

2008-01-01

Background The animal sialyltransferases, which catalyze the transfer of sialic acid to the glycan moiety of glycoconjugates, are subdivided into four families: ST3Gal, ST6Gal, ST6GalNAc and ST8Sia, based on acceptor sugar specificity and glycosidic linkage formed. Despite low overall sequence identity between each sialyltransferase family, all sialyltransferases share four conserved peptide motifs (L, S, III and VS) that serve as hallmarks for the identification of the sialyltransferases. Currently, twenty subfamilies have been described in mammals and birds. Examples of the four sialyltransferase families have also been found in invertebrates. Focusing on the ST8Sia family, we investigated the origin of the three groups of α2,8-sialyltransferases demonstrated in vertebrates to carry out poly-, oligo- and mono-α2,8-sialylation. Results We identified in the genome of invertebrate deuterostomes, orthologs to the common ancestor for each of the three vertebrate ST8Sia groups and a set of novel genes named ST8Sia EX, not found in vertebrates. All these ST8Sia sequences share a new conserved family-motif, named "C-term" that is involved in protein folding, via an intramolecular disulfide bridge. Interestingly, sequences from Branchiostoma floridae orthologous to the common ancestor of polysialyltransferases possess a polysialyltransferase domain (PSTD) and those orthologous to the common ancestor of oligosialyltransferases possess a new ST8Sia III-specific motif similar to the PSTD. In osteichthyans, we have identified two new subfamilies. In addition, we describe the expression profile of ST8Sia genes in Danio rerio. Conclusion Polysialylation appeared early in the deuterostome lineage. The recent release of several deuterostome genome databases and paralogons combined with synteny analysis allowed us to obtain insight into events at the gene level that led to the diversification of the ST8Sia genes, with their corresponding enzymatic activities, in both

Evolutionary history of the alpha2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia) gene family: tandem duplications in early deuterostomes explain most of the diversity found in the vertebrate ST8Sia genes.

PubMed

Harduin-Lepers, Anne; Petit, Daniel; Mollicone, Rosella; Delannoy, Philippe; Petit, Jean-Michel; Oriol, Rafael

2008-09-23

The animal sialyltransferases, which catalyze the transfer of sialic acid to the glycan moiety of glycoconjugates, are subdivided into four families: ST3Gal, ST6Gal, ST6GalNAc and ST8Sia, based on acceptor sugar specificity and glycosidic linkage formed. Despite low overall sequence identity between each sialyltransferase family, all sialyltransferases share four conserved peptide motifs (L, S, III and VS) that serve as hallmarks for the identification of the sialyltransferases. Currently, twenty subfamilies have been described in mammals and birds. Examples of the four sialyltransferase families have also been found in invertebrates. Focusing on the ST8Sia family, we investigated the origin of the three groups of alpha2,8-sialyltransferases demonstrated in vertebrates to carry out poly-, oligo- and mono-alpha2,8-sialylation. We identified in the genome of invertebrate deuterostomes, orthologs to the common ancestor for each of the three vertebrate ST8Sia groups and a set of novel genes named ST8Sia EX, not found in vertebrates. All these ST8Sia sequences share a new conserved family-motif, named "C-term" that is involved in protein folding, via an intramolecular disulfide bridge. Interestingly, sequences from Branchiostoma floridae orthologous to the common ancestor of polysialyltransferases possess a polysialyltransferase domain (PSTD) and those orthologous to the common ancestor of oligosialyltransferases possess a new ST8Sia III-specific motif similar to the PSTD. In osteichthyans, we have identified two new subfamilies. In addition, we describe the expression profile of ST8Sia genes in Danio rerio. Polysialylation appeared early in the deuterostome lineage. The recent release of several deuterostome genome databases and paralogons combined with synteny analysis allowed us to obtain insight into events at the gene level that led to the diversification of the ST8Sia genes, with their corresponding enzymatic activities, in both invertebrates and vertebrates. The

Mt. St. Helens

NASA Image and Video Library

2001-10-22

This 3-D anaglyph image of Mt. St. Helens volcano combines the nadir-looking and back-looking band 3 images of ASTER. To view the image in stereo, you will need blue-red glasses. Make sure to look through the red lens with your left eye. This ASTER image of Mt. St. Helens volcano in Washington was acquired on August 8, 2000 and covers an area of 37 by 51 km. Mount Saint Helens, a volcano in the Cascade Range of southwestern Washington that had been dormant since 1857, began to show signs of renewed activity in early 1980. On 18 May 1980, it erupted with such violence that the top of the mountain was blown off, spewing a cloud of ash and gases that rose to an altitude of 19 kilometers. The blast killed about 60 people and destroyed all life in an area of some 180 square kilometers (some 70 square miles), while a much larger area was covered with ash and debris. It continues to spit forth ash and steam intermittently. As a result of the eruption, the mountain's elevation decreased from 2,950 meters to 2,549 meters. The image is centered at 46.2 degrees north latitude, 122.2 degrees west longitude. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA11160

Bulding and Ornamental Stone in the History of St Petersburg Architecture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bulakh, Andrey

2013-04-01

First, the Our Lady of Kazan Orthodox Cathedral and some mansions are used to demonstrate Russian stones in the architectural décor of St Petersburg, XVIII-XX cc. These rocks are granites from Vyborg and Sortavala, lime tufa from Gatchina, marbles from Ruskeala and Juven at the Ladoga Lake, Tivdian marble, Shokshian quartzite, and black aspid slate of the Onega Lake. Later German and Polish sandstones and Finnish soap stone came to the city. Second, there is given a review of rock types used in St Petersburg at XX-XXI cc. margins. They are granites, granosyenites, syenites, gneisses, marbles, limestones both from Russia and from abroad. Which ones are more usual? From what regions did Russian stone come? References: 1) A.G.Bulakh, N.B.Abakumova, J.V.Romanovsky. St Petersburg: a History in Stone. 2010. Print. House of St Petersburg State University. 173 p. 2) A.Ya. Tutakova, A.Z. Romanovskiy, A.G. Bulakh, V.I. Leer. Dimension Stone of the Leningrad Region. Granites of the Karelia Isthmus in Architecture of the Modern St Petersburg. 2011. St Petersburg. 78 p. (In Russian).

58. Photographic copy of original construction plan (St. Paul Engineer's ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

58. Photographic copy of original construction plan (St. Paul Engineer's Office, Wabasha St. Bridge, Plan of Masonry, February 1899); south abutment - Wabasha Street Bridge, Spanning Mississippi River at Wabasha Street, Saint Paul, Ramsey County, MN

DISTANT VIEW OF ST. FRANCIS DE SALES CATHEDRAL, LOOKING NORTH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

DISTANT VIEW OF ST. FRANCIS DE SALES CATHEDRAL, LOOKING NORTH ALONG MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. WAY FROM 14TH STREET - St. Francis de Sales Church, 2100 Martin Luther King, Jr. Way, Oakland, Alameda County, CA

The structural features of the sulfated heteropolysaccharide (ST-1) from Sargassum thunbergii and its neuroprotective activities.

PubMed

Jin, Weihua; Liu, Bing; Li, Shuai; Chen, Jing; Tang, Hong; Jiang, Di; Zhang, Quanbin; Zhong, Weihong

2018-03-01

Polysaccharide (ST) was prepared from Sargassum thunbergii using hot water. Two fractions (ST-1 and ST-2) were prepared using anion exchange chromatography. One desulfated polysaccharide (ST-1-DS) was also prepared. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) performed on ST-1-DS showed that the desulfated polysaccharides contained methyl glycosides of mono-sulfated and di-sulfated galacto-fucooligosaccharides. This result suggested that ST-1 might contain sulfated galactofucan, which consists of a backbone of alternating (Gal) n and (Fuc) n and sulfated randomly on Gal and mainly on C-2 in Fuc. In addition, ST-1 was degraded in 1M sulfuric acid. The solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was concentrated and precipitated in ethanol to obtain the precipitate (ST-1-P). ST-1-P was then separated using gel chromatography and anion exchange chromatography to obtain the oligomers. ESI-MS spectra of oligomers indicated that ST-1 mostly contained sulfated glucuronomannan and fucoglucuronan. ESI-MS with collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS/MS) suggested that glucuronomannan contained alternating 2-linked Man and 4-linked GlcA, while fucoglucuronan contained 4-linked glucuronan with branched Fuc at C-3. Finally, the neuroprotective activities of ST, ST-1, ST-2 and MIX (a mixture of ST-1 and ST-2) were determined. ST showed the most neuroprotective activity, which indicated that ST might be a good candidate for curing neurodegenerative diseases. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Molecular Epidemiology of the Highly Virulent ST93 Australian Community Staphylococcus aureus Strain

PubMed Central

Coombs, Geoffrey W.; Goering, Richard V.; Chua, Kyra Y. L.; Monecke, Stefan; Howden, Benjamin P.; Stinear, Timothy P.; Ehricht, Ralf; O’Brien, Frances G.; Christiansen, Keryn J.

2012-01-01

In Australia the PVL - positive ST93-IV [2B], colloquially known as “Queensland CA-MRSA” has become the dominant CA-MRSA clone. First described in the early 2000s, ST93-IV [2B] is associated with skin and severe invasive infections including necrotizing pneumonia. A singleton by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) eBURST analysis ST93 is distinct from other S aureus clones. To determine if the increased prevalence of ST93-IV [2B] is due to the widespread transmission of a single strain of ST93-IV [2B] the genetic relatedness of 58 S. aureus ST93 isolated throughout Australia over an extended period were studied in detail using a variety of molecular methods including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, MLST, microarray DNA, SCCmec typing and dru typing. Identification of the phage harbouring the lukS-PV/lukF-PV Panton Valentine leucocidin genes, detection of allelic variations in lukS-PV/lukF-PV, and quantification of LukF-PV expression was also performed. Although ST93-IV [2B] is known to have an apparent enhanced clinical virulence, the isolates harboured few known virulence determinants. All PVL-positive isolates carried the PVL-encoding phage ΦSa2USA and the lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes had the same R variant SNP profile. The isolates produced similar expression levels of LukF-PV. Although multiple rearrangements of the spa sequence have occurred, the core genome in ST93 is very stable. The emergence of ST93-MRSA is due to independent acquisitions of different dru-defined type IV and type V SCCmec elements in several spa-defined ST93-MSSA backgrounds. Rearrangement of the spa sequence in ST93-MRSA has subsequently occurred in some of these strains. Although multiple ST93-MRSA strains were characterised, little genetic diversity was identified for most isolates, with PVL-positive ST93-IVa [2B]-t202-dt10 predominant across Australia. Whether ST93-IVa [2B] t202-dt10 arose from one PVL-positive ST93-MSSA-t202, or by independent acquisitions of SCCmec-IVa [2B

Water resources of the Minneapolis-St. Paul Area, Minnesota

USGS Publications Warehouse

Prior, Charles Henry; Schneider, Robert; Durum, W.H.

1953-01-01

Waters from the drift deposits and bedrock formations overlying the Hinckley sandstone are hard and calcareous and generally contain troublesome quantities of iron. Regular treatment is required of some public-supply wells for removal of iron encrustations. Water fr.om these sources generally exceeds 300 ppm hardness, but in some places the St. Peter sandstone and St. Lawrence formation yield water of better quality. The Hinckley sandstone yields the best quality ground-water because of its comparatively lower hardness and uniform temperature (about 52 F). However, the average hardness of the treated municipal supplies of St. Paul and Minneapolis is considerably less than water from the Hinckley.

40 CFR 81.27 - Minneapolis-St. Paul Intrastate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Minneapolis-St. Paul Intrastate Air... Air Quality Control Regions § 81.27 Minneapolis-St. Paul Intrastate Air Quality Control Region. The Minneapolis-St. Paul Intrastate Air Quality Control Region (Minnesota) consists of the territorial area...

75 FR 24402 - Safety Zone; St. Louis River, Tallas Island, Duluth, MN

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-05

...-AA00 Safety Zone; St. Louis River, Tallas Island, Duluth, MN AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... Island area of the St. Louis River, Duluth, Minnesota. All vessels are prohibited from transiting the... potential threat associated with the dredging project beginning at Tallas Island, St. Louis River. The...

33 CFR 110.72b - St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Simons Island, Georgia. 110.72b Section 110.72b Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.72b St. Simons Island, Georgia. The area...

33 CFR 110.72b - St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Simons Island, Georgia. 110.72b Section 110.72b Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.72b St. Simons Island, Georgia. The area...

33 CFR 110.72b - St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Simons Island, Georgia. 110.72b Section 110.72b Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.72b St. Simons Island, Georgia. The area...

33 CFR 110.72b - St. Simons Island, Georgia.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Simons Island, Georgia. 110.72b Section 110.72b Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.72b St. Simons Island, Georgia. The area...

St. Mary cooks up awareness with heart-healthy booklet, television.

PubMed

Botvin, Judith D

2003-01-01

St. Mary Medical Center, Langhorne, Pa., distributed a half-million copies of its copyrighted booklet, "Heart Healthy Living" as the first of a larger, long-term marketing initiative to raise awareness of the suburban medical center. In addition to the medical center and physicians' offices, St. Mary had the booklet distributed by regional food markets and Fleet Bank. These partnerships and those with food products manufacturers helped reduce expenses. St. Mary physicians appeared on a cable television cooking show as well as in selected grocery markets.

40 CFR 81.18 - Metropolitan St. Louis Interstate Air Quality Control Region.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 17 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Metropolitan St. Louis Interstate Air... Air Quality Control Regions § 81.18 Metropolitan St. Louis Interstate Air Quality Control Region. The Metropolitan St. Louis Interstate Air Quality Control Region (Missouri-Illinois) is revised to consist of the...

78 FR 73749 - Proposed Amendment of Class D Airspace; St. Joseph, MO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-09

...-0917; Airspace Docket No. 13-ACE-16] Proposed Amendment of Class D Airspace; St. Joseph, MO AGENCY... action proposes to amend Class D airspace at St. Joseph, MO. Additional controlled airspace is necessary... Rosecrans Municipal Airport, St. Joseph, MO. Accordingly, additional segments would extend from the 4.3-mile...

46 CFR 7.85 - St. Simons Island, GA to Little Talbot Island, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false St. Simons Island, GA to Little Talbot Island, FL. 7.85... BOUNDARY LINES Atlantic Coast § 7.85 St. Simons Island, GA to Little Talbot Island, FL. (a) A line drawn from latitude 31°04.1′ N. longitude 81°16.7′ W. (St. Simons Lighted Whistle Buoy “ST S”) to latitude 30...

Preparing Students for the Future--21st Century Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Velez, Alejandra

2012-01-01

The 21st century economy is driven by information and communication technologies (ICT). This change has made innovation, manufacturing and production of products and services, rather than manufacturing of material goods, the driving force of economies of leading countries (Wagner, 2008). Due to this shift, today's 21st century society and…

Aligning Business and Education: 21st Century Skill Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Campbell, Charles L., Jr.; Kresyman, Shelley

2015-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to explore stakeholder perceptions concerning four key 21st century skills required for graduates to be successful in today's workplace, and to report on common themes surrounding how a post-secondary school in the Southwest United States is preparing graduates with predominant 21st Century skills: interpersonal…

36 CFR 7.9 - St. Croix National Scenic Rivers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 36 Parks, Forests, and Public Property 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Croix National Scenic Rivers. 7.9 Section 7.9 Parks, Forests, and Public Property NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR SPECIAL REGULATIONS, AREAS OF THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM § 7.9 St. Croix National Scenic Rivers. (a...

3. VIEW NORTHWARD FROM 51 N. THIRD ST. TO 63 ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. VIEW NORTHWARD FROM 51 N. THIRD ST. TO 63 N. THIRD ST. (FROM RIGHT TO LEFT). WEST (FRONT) FACADES, LOOKING NORTHEAST - North Third Street Area Study, 17-63 North Third Street (Commercial Buildings), Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA

33 CFR 165.905 - USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. 165.905 Section 165.905 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. (a) The following areas of the St. Louis River...

33 CFR 165.905 - USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. 165.905 Section 165.905 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. (a) The following areas of the St. Louis River...

33 CFR 165.905 - USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. 165.905 Section 165.905 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. (a) The following areas of the St. Louis River...

33 CFR 165.905 - USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. 165.905 Section 165.905 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. (a) The following areas of the St. Louis River...

78 FR 43064 - Safety Zone; Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks, St. Helens, OR

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks, St. Helens, OR AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a safety zone in St. Helens, OR. This safety... associated with fireworks displays. As part of the Maritime Heritage Festival Fireworks in St. Helens, OR...

33 CFR 165.905 - USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. 165.905 Section 165.905 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF... USX Superfund Site Safety Zones: St. Louis River. (a) The following areas of the St. Louis River...

Empirical Distributions of F ST from Large-Scale Human Polymorphism Data

PubMed Central

Elhaik, Eran

2012-01-01

Studies of the apportionment of human genetic variation have long established that most human variation is within population groups and that the additional variation between population groups is small but greatest when comparing different continental populations. These studies often used Wright’s F ST that apportions the standardized variance in allele frequencies within and between population groups. Because local adaptations increase population differentiation, high-F ST may be found at closely linked loci under selection and used to identify genes undergoing directional or heterotic selection. We re-examined these processes using HapMap data. We analyzed 3 million SNPs on 602 samples from eight worldwide populations and a consensus subset of 1 million SNPs found in all populations. We identified four major features of the data: First, a hierarchically F ST analysis showed that only a paucity (12%) of the total genetic variation is distributed between continental populations and even a lesser genetic variation (1%) is found between intra-continental populations. Second, the global F ST distribution closely follows an exponential distribution. Third, although the overall F ST distribution is similarly shaped (inverse J), F ST distributions varies markedly by allele frequency when divided into non-overlapping groups by allele frequency range. Because the mean allele frequency is a crude indicator of allele age, these distributions mark the time-dependent change in genetic differentiation. Finally, the change in mean-F ST of these groups is linear in allele frequency. These results suggest that investigating the extremes of the F ST distribution for each allele frequency group is more efficient for detecting selection. Consequently, we demonstrate that such extreme SNPs are more clustered along the chromosomes than expected from linkage disequilibrium for each allele frequency group. These genomic regions are therefore likely candidates for natural selection. PMID

Empirical distributions of F(ST) from large-scale human polymorphism data.

PubMed

Elhaik, Eran

2012-01-01

Studies of the apportionment of human genetic variation have long established that most human variation is within population groups and that the additional variation between population groups is small but greatest when comparing different continental populations. These studies often used Wright's F(ST) that apportions the standardized variance in allele frequencies within and between population groups. Because local adaptations increase population differentiation, high-F(ST) may be found at closely linked loci under selection and used to identify genes undergoing directional or heterotic selection. We re-examined these processes using HapMap data. We analyzed 3 million SNPs on 602 samples from eight worldwide populations and a consensus subset of 1 million SNPs found in all populations. We identified four major features of the data: First, a hierarchically F(ST) analysis showed that only a paucity (12%) of the total genetic variation is distributed between continental populations and even a lesser genetic variation (1%) is found between intra-continental populations. Second, the global F(ST) distribution closely follows an exponential distribution. Third, although the overall F(ST) distribution is similarly shaped (inverse J), F(ST) distributions varies markedly by allele frequency when divided into non-overlapping groups by allele frequency range. Because the mean allele frequency is a crude indicator of allele age, these distributions mark the time-dependent change in genetic differentiation. Finally, the change in mean-F(ST) of these groups is linear in allele frequency. These results suggest that investigating the extremes of the F(ST) distribution for each allele frequency group is more efficient for detecting selection. Consequently, we demonstrate that such extreme SNPs are more clustered along the chromosomes than expected from linkage disequilibrium for each allele frequency group. These genomic regions are therefore likely candidates for natural selection.

Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Outpatients in Northern Japan: Increasing Tendency of ST5/ST764 MRSA-IIa with Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element.

PubMed

Aung, Meiji Soe; Kawaguchiya, Mitsuyo; Urushibara, Noriko; Sumi, Ayako; Ito, Masahiko; Kudo, Kenji; Morimoto, Shigeo; Hosoya, Shino; Kobayashi, Nobumichi

2017-07-01

Arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is a genomic island of staphylococcus and is considered to confer enhanced ability to survive and growth on host bacterial cells. ACME has been typically identified in Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL)-positive ST8 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with SCCmec type IVa (USA300 clone), and it is also found in other lineages at low frequency. Prevalence and molecular characteristics of PVL + and/or ACME + MRSA were investigated for 624 clinical isolates collected from outpatients in northern Japan from 2013 to 2014. Both PVL genes and ACME type I were detected in nine isolates (1.4%), which were ST8-MRSA-SCCmec IVa/spa type t008/agr-I; whereas solely PVL genes were positive in two isolates, ST30-MRSA-SCCmec IV and ST59-MRSA-SCCmec V. ACME type II' (previously referred to as ACME ΔII) was detected in 36 isolates (5.8%) with SCCmec II and V (32 and 4 isolates, respectively), exhibiting an increased rate within SCCmec II-MRSA (7.1%) compared with our previous studies (0.86-4.5%, 2008-2011). ACME II'-positive MRSA strains were classified into ST5-SCCmec IIa/V or ST764-SCCmec IIa belonging to five different spa types, with t002 being dominant. They harbored mostly enterotoxin gene clusters (seg-sei-sem-sen-seo-seu) and some more enterotoxin genes (seb1, seb2, sec3, sel, sep), showing resistance to more antimicrobials than ST8-MRSA-SCCmec IVa. ACME-SCCmec composite island (CI) of the 36 ACME II'-positive MRSA was classified into five types (ii)-(vi), among which type (ii) (orfX-ΨSCC ΔJ1 SCCmec I -ACME II'-SCCmec II) was dominant and subdivided into the A3 variant and the less common A2 variant. CI types (v) and (vi) were considered novel genetic organizations having speG (acetyltransferase genes for polyamines) in inserted SCC4610/SCC266-like genetic elements. The present study revealed increased prevalence and genetic diversity of the ST5/ST764-MRSA-SCCmec II with ACME II' in northern Japan.

21st centuries skill implication on educational system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wrahatnolo, T.; Munoto

2018-01-01

The purpose of this article is to identify skill needed in 21st centuries and its implication on Indonesia’s educational system. This research found that the 21st centuries skill application has more measurable benefits in some sections of life, such as critical thinking and problem solving, initiative, creativity, and entrepreneurship, communication, teamwork, metacognition (change of mindset), digital literature. This study applied qualitative data analysis. The data were taken from different sources and literature. The analysis showed that The 21st centuries education concept’s implementation can be applied in the curriculum of the required subject that is addressed to achieve learning and innovation skills competence and also technology and information media skills competence. While supporting subject group directed to achieve life and career skills competence. All subjects are the derivation from core subject 3R, which are reading, writing, and arithmetic. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that 21st centuries skill needs; (1) a life planning; (2) flexibility and adaptability; (3) initiative and self-management (4) entrepreneurship; (5) social and cultural interaction; (6) productivity and accountability; (7) leadership; (8) critical thinking, (9) problem solving; (10) communication; (11) collaboration and teamwork; (12) lifelong learning; and (13) digital literation.

Constructive singularities and energy efficiency of St. Petersburg historic circuses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sysoeva, Elena; Trushina, Ekaterina

2017-10-01

The article is devoted to the design and construction of St. Petersburg circuses during the period since 1822 till nowadays. The article presents the characteristics of all eight historic buildings of St. Petersburg and their structural and architectural features. The article raises some issues of energy-optimal shape of a building on the example of St. Petersburg modern circus building. There are several historical drawings and photographs of the circus buildings. The article includes overview of normative regulation of circus buildings in Russia since the middle of the twentieth century and prospects for the future.

Standards for the 21st-Century Learner in Action

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

American Association of School Librarians (NJ3), 2009

2009-01-01

How are AASL's (American Association of School Librarians) new learning standards, the "Standards for the 21st-Century Learner," incorporated into the school library media program? This publication from AASL takes an in-depth look at the strands of the "Standards for the 21st-Century Learner" and the indicators within those strands. It also…

Eruptions of Mount St. Helens : Past, present, and future

USGS Publications Warehouse

Tilling, Robert I.; Topinka, Lyn J.; Swanson, Donald A.

1990-01-01

Mount St. Helens, located in southwestern Washington about 50 miles northeast of Portland, Oregon, is one of several lofty volcanic peaks that dominate the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest; the range extends from Mount Garibaldi in British Columbia, Canada, to Lassen Peak in northern California. Geologists call Mount St. Helens a composite volcano (or stratovolcano), a term for steepsided, often symmetrical cones constructed of alternating layers of lava flows, ash, and other volcanic debris. Composite volcanoes tend to erupt explosively and pose considerable danger to nearby life and property. In contrast, the gently sloping shield volcanoes, such as those in Hawaii, typically erupt nonexplosively, producing fluid lavas that can flow great distances from the active vents. Although Hawaiian-type eruptions may destroy property, they rarely cause death or injury. Before 1980, snow-capped, gracefully symmetrical Mount St. Helens was known as the "Fujiyama of America." Mount St. Helens, other active Cascade volcanoes, and those of Alaska form the North American segment of the circum-Pacific "Ring of Fire," a notorious zone that produces frequent, often destructive, earthquake and volcanic activity.

Properties of the exotic metastable ST12 germanium allotrope

PubMed Central

Zhao, Zhisheng; Zhang, Haidong; Kim, Duck Young; Hu, Wentao; Bullock, Emma S.; Strobel, Timothy A.

2017-01-01

The optical and electronic properties of semiconducting materials are of great importance to a vast range of contemporary technologies. Diamond-cubic germanium is a well-known semiconductor, although other ‘exotic' forms may possess distinct properties. In particular, there is currently no consensus for the band gap and electronic structure of ST12-Ge (tP12, P43212) due to experimental limitations in sample preparation and varying theoretical predictions. Here we report clear experimental and theoretical evidence for the intrinsic properties of ST12-Ge, including the first optical measurements on bulk samples. Phase-pure bulk samples of ST12-Ge were synthesized, and the structure and purity were verified using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman and wavelength/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Optical measurements indicate that ST12-Ge is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 0.59 eV and a direct optical transition at 0.74 eV, which is in good agreement with electrical transport measurements and our first-principles calculations. PMID:28045027

Properties of the exotic metastable ST12 germanium allotrope

DOE PAGES

Zhao, Zhisheng; Zhang, Haidong; Kim, Duck Young; ...

2017-01-03

The optical and electronic properties of semiconducting materials are of great importance to a vast range of contemporary technologies. Diamond-cubic germanium is a well-known semiconductor, although other ‘exotic’ forms may possess distinct properties. In particular, there is currently no consensus for the band gap and electronic structure of ST12-Ge (tP12, P4 32 12) due to experimental limitations in sample preparation and varying theoretical predictions. Here we report clear experimental and theoretical evidence for the intrinsic properties of ST12-Ge, including the first optical measurements on bulk samples. Phase-pure bulk samples of ST12-Ge were synthesized, and the structure and purity were verifiedmore » using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman and wavelength/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Lastly, optical measurements indicate that ST12-Ge is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 0.59 eV and a direct optical transition at 0.74 eV, which is in good agreement with electrical transport measurements and our first-principles calculations.« less

33 CFR 207.441 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.441 St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... the conduct of crew and passengers while transiting St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks and for strict...

33 CFR 80.720 - St. Simons Island, GA to Amelia Island, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Simons Island, GA to Amelia... SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Seventh District § 80.720 St. Simons Island, GA to Amelia Island, FL. (a) A line drawn from St. Simons Light to the northernmost tank on...

33 CFR 207.441 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.441 St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... the conduct of crew and passengers while transiting St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks and for strict...

33 CFR 207.441 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.441 St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... the conduct of crew and passengers while transiting St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks and for strict...

33 CFR 207.441 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.441 St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... the conduct of crew and passengers while transiting St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks and for strict...

33 CFR 207.441 - St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks, Mich.; security.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NAVIGATION REGULATIONS § 207.441 St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks... the conduct of crew and passengers while transiting St. Marys Falls Canal and Locks and for strict...

75 FR 44727 - Proposed Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-29

...-0660; Airspace Docket No. 10-ANM-4] Proposed Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; St... (NPRM). SUMMARY: This action proposes to remove Class E airspace at St. George Municipal Airport, St... also would establish Class E airspace for the new St. George Municipal Airport located to the south of...

AM-37 and ST-36 Are Small Molecule Bombesin Receptor Antagonists.

PubMed

Moody, Terry W; Tashakkori, Nicole; Mantey, Samuel A; Moreno, Paola; Ramos-Alvarez, Irene; Leopoldo, Marcello; Jensen, Robert T

2017-01-01

While peptide antagonists for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (BB 2 R), neuromedin B receptor (BB 1 R), and bombesin (BB) receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) exist, there is a need to develop non-peptide small molecule inhibitors for all three BBR. The BB agonist (BA)1 binds with high affinity to the BB 1 R, BB 2 R, and BRS-3. In this communication, small molecule BBR antagonists were evaluated using human lung cancer cells. AM-37 and ST-36 inhibited binding to human BB 1 R, BB 2 R, and BRS-3 with similar affinity ( K i = 1.4-10.8 µM). AM-13 and AM-14 were approximately an order of magnitude less potent than AM-37 and ST-36. The ability of BA1 to elevate cytosolic Ca 2+ in human lung cancer cells transfected with BB 1 R, BB 2 R, and BRS-3 was antagonized by AM-37 and ST-36. BA1 increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR and ERK in lung cancer cells, which was blocked by AM-37 and ST-36. AM-37 and ST-36 reduced the growth of lung cancer cells that have BBR. The results indicate that AM-37 and ST-36 function as small molecule BB receptor antagonists.

Nontraditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease and visceral adiposity index among different body size phenotypes.

PubMed

Du, T; Zhang, J; Yuan, G; Zhang, M; Zhou, X; Liu, Z; Sun, X; Yu, X

2015-01-01

Increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk in metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals remain highly controversial. Several studies suggested risk while others do not. The traditional cardiovascular risk factors may be insufficient to demonstrate the complete range of metabolic abnormalities in MHO individuals. Hence, we aimed to compare the prevalence of elevated lipoprotein (a), apolipoprotein B, and uric acid (UA) levels, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio, and visceral adiposity index (VAI) scores, and low apolipoprotein A1 levels among 6 body size phenotypes (normal weight with and without metabolic abnormalities, overweight with and without metabolic abnormalities, and obese with or without metabolic abnormalities). We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 7765 Chinese adults using data from the nationwide China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. MHO persons had intermediate prevalence of elevated apolipoprotein B and UA levels, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio and VAI scores, and low apolipoprotein A1 levels between metabolically healthy normal-weight (MHNW) and metabolically abnormal obese individuals (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Elevated apolipoprotein B and UA concentrations, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio, and VAI scores were all strongly associated with the MHO phenotype (all P < 0.01). Prevalence of elevated apolipoprotein B and UA levels, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio and VAI scores, and low levels of apolipoprotein A1 was higher among MHO persons than among MHNW individuals. The elevated levels of the nontraditional risk factors and VAI scores in MHO persons could contribute to the increased cardiovascular disease risk observed in long-term studies. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The oligomenorrhoic phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome are characterized by a high visceral adiposity index: a likely condition of cardiometabolic risk.

PubMed

Amato, Marco Calogero; Verghi, Monica; Galluzzo, Aldo; Giordano, Carla

2011-06-01

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently exhibit central obesity, glucose intolerance, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension, which are characteristic features of a condition of cardiometabolic risk. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between visceral adiposity index (VAI) and phenotypic characteristics in women with PCOS. We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study in our Endocrinology Outpatients Clinic. A total of 220 women with PCOS (Rotterdam definition) and 144 age- and BMI-matched healthy women were studied. We evaluated hyperandrogenemia and clinical hyperandrogenism, ovarian morphology, hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis and metabolic syndrome parameters. An oral glucose tolerance test (75 g glucose) measured areas under the curve (AUC) for insulin (AUC(2h-insulin)) and for glucose (AUC(2h-glucose)). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, the Matsuda index of insulin resistance and VAI were determined. Of all the variables examined, at multivariate analysis, only AUC(2h-insulin) [odds ratio (OR): 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.00; P = 0.003] and VAI score (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.20-2.73; P = 0.005) showed an independent association with PCOS. All phenotypes with oligomenorrhea showed a higher VAI score than the control group (oligomenorrhea + hyperandrogenism: 2.49 ± 1.46 versus 1.62 ± 0.84, P < 0.001; oligomenorrhea + polycystic ovary morphology: 2.25 ± 1.4 versus 1.62 ± 0.84, P = 0.001; complete phenotype: 2.45 ± 1.63 versus 1.62 ± 0.84, P < 0.001). Our data suggest that VAI could be an easy and useful tool in daily clinical practice and in population studies for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk associated with PCOS.

Antibiotic Impregnated External Ventricular Drains: Meta and Cost Analysis.

PubMed

Root, Brandon K; Barrena, Benjamin G; Mackenzie, Todd A; Bauer, David F

2016-02-01

To determine whether antibiotic impregnated external ventricular drains (AI-EVDs) are effective in preventing ventriculostomy associated infection (VAI), and to examine their cost effectiveness. A comprehensive literature search was performed for published data through May 2014, including randomized controlled trials and observational cohort studies comparing AI-EVDs with nonimpregnated controls. A meta-analysis of included studies was performed using a random effects model. Historical data at the authors' institution were used to estimate both the incremental price of AI-EVDs and the hospital expenses associated with VAI. Three randomized controlled trials and 5 observational studies met inclusion criteria. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant protective effect of AI-EVDs against VAI (risk ratio = 0.31 [0.15-0.64]; P = 0.002), although there was significant heterogeneity (χ(2) = 18.08; P = 0.01; I(2) = 61%). The number of AI-EVDs needed to prevent one infection (Number needed to treat [NNT]) was 19. Based on $100 as the incremental price, and $30,000 as the estimated expense of one episode of VAI, AI-EVDs would result in an overall savings estimate of $28,100 (range, $26,400-$28,500) per NNT. If a hospital places 150 AI-EVDs annually, savings could range from $109,292 to $278,577 per year. Meta-analysis demonstrated a significant protective benefit of AI-EVDs against VAI, and this benefit is likely associated with cost savings. However, current data on AI-EVDs are limited, and overall hospital costs will vary among institutions. Although both the efficacy and cost effectiveness of AI-EVDs are supported by this analysis, further study of AI-EVDs is clearly warranted. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring plant growth-promotion actinomycetes from vermicompost and rhizosphere soil for yield enhancement in chickpea

PubMed Central

Sreevidya, M.; Gopalakrishnan, S.; Kudapa, H.; Varshney, R.K.

2016-01-01

The main objective of the present study was to isolate and characterize actinomycetes for their plant growth-promotion in chickpea. A total of 89 actinomycetes were screened for their antagonism against fungal pathogens of chickpea by dual culture and metabolite production assays. Four most promising actinomycetes were evaluated for their physiological and plant growth-promotion properties under in vitro and in vivo conditions. All the isolates exhibited good growth at temperatures from 20 °C to 40 °C, pH range of 7–11 and NaCl concentrations up to 8%. These were also found highly tolerant to Bavistin, slightly tolerant to Thiram and Captan (except VAI-7 and VAI-40) but susceptible to Benlate and Ridomil at field application levels and were found to produce siderophore, cellulase, lipase, protease, chitinase (except VAI-40), hydrocyanic acid (except VAI-7 and VAI-40), indole acetic acid and β-1,3-glucanase. When the four actinomycetes were evaluated for their plant growth-promotion properties under field conditions on chickpea, all exhibited increase in nodule number, shoot weight and yield. The actinomycetes treated plots enhanced total N, available P and organic C over the un-inoculated control. The scanning electron microscope studies exhibited extensive colonization by actinomycetes on the root surface of chickpea. The expression profiles for indole acetic acid, siderophore and β-1,3-glucanase genes exhibited up-regulation for all three traits and in all four isolates. The actinomycetes were identified as Streptomyces but different species in the 16S rDNA analysis. It was concluded that the selected actinomycetes have good plant growth-promotion and biocontrol potentials on chickpea. PMID:26887230

76 FR 77208 - Affirmation of Vertical Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities for the Islands of St. Croix...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-12-12

... Datum for Surveying and Mapping Activities for the Islands of St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas... datum for surveying and mapping activities for the islands of St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas of the... by other Federal surveying and mapping agencies on St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas, with the...

Antibody-Mediated Killing of Carbapenem-Resistant ST258 Klebsiella pneumoniae by Human Neutrophils

PubMed Central

Kobayashi, Scott D.; Porter, Adeline R.; Freedman, Brett; Pandey, Ruchi; Chen, Liang; Kreiswirth, Barry N.

2018-01-01

ABSTRACT Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is a problem worldwide. A carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae lineage classified as multilocus sequence type 258 (ST258) is prominent in the health care setting in many regions of the world, including the United States. ST258 strains can be resistant to virtually all clinically useful antibiotics; treatment of infections caused by these organisms is difficult, and mortality is high. As a step toward promoting development of new therapeutics for ST258 infections, we tested the ability of rabbit antibodies specific for ST258 capsule polysaccharide to enhance human serum bactericidal activity and promote phagocytosis and killing of these bacteria by human neutrophils. We first demonstrated that an isogenic wzy deletion strain is significantly more susceptible to killing by human heparinized blood, serum, and neutrophils than a wild-type ST258 strain. Consistent with the importance of capsule as an immune evasion molecule, rabbit immune serum and purified IgG specific for ST258 capsule polysaccharide type 2 (CPS2) enhanced killing by human blood and serum in vitro. Moreover, antibodies specific for CPS2 promoted phagocytosis and killing of ST258 by human neutrophils. Collectively, our findings suggest that ST258 CPS2 is a viable target for immunoprophylactics and/or therapeutics. PMID:29535199

33 CFR 165.762 - Security Zone; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Security Zone; St. Thomas, U.S....762 Security Zone; St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. (a) Location. Moving and fixed security zones are established 50 yards around all cruise ships entering, departing, moored or anchored in the Port of St. Thomas...

33 CFR 110.73c. - Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Okeechobee Waterway, St. Lucie..., St. Lucie River, Stuart, FL. The following is a special anchorage area: Beginning on the Okeechobee Intracoastal Waterway between mile marker 7 and 8 on the St. Lucie River, bounded by a line beginning at 27°12...

33 CFR 165.720 - Safety/Security Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Safety/Security Zone: St. Johns... § 165.720 Safety/Security Zone: St. Johns River, Jacksonville, FL. (a) Location. The water and the land..., within 100 yards of the St. Johns River. (3) All waters within 200 yards of any specified military supply...

33 CFR 80.717 - Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons Island, GA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Tybee Island, GA to St. Simons..., GA to St. Simons Island, GA. (a) A line drawn from the southernmost extremity of Savannah Beach on....4′ W.) drawn from the southernmost extremity of Ossabaw Island to St. Catherines Island. (e) A north...

75 FR 31835 - Environmental Impact Statement: Calvert and St. Mary's Counties, MD

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-04

...: Calvert and St. Mary's Counties, MD AGENCY: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), DOT. ACTION: Notice of... project in Calvert and St. Mary's Counties, Maryland (Federal Register Vol. 72, No. 203; FR Doc. 07-5190... replacement of MD 4 from MD 2 to MD 235 in Calvert and St. Mary's Counties, a distance of approximately 4.1...

Axial Fatigue Tests at Zero Mean Stress of 24S-T and 75S-T Aluminum-alloy Strips with a Central Circular Hole

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Brueggeman, W C; Mayer, M JR

1948-01-01

Axial fatigue tests at zero mean stress have been made on 0.032- and 0.064-inch 24S-T and 0.032-inch 75S-T sheet-metal specimens 1/4, 1/2, 1, and 2 inches wide without a hole and with central holes giving a range of hole diameter D to specimen width W from 0.01 to 0.95. No systematic difference was noted between the results for the 0.032-inch and the 0.064-inch specimens although the latter seemed the more consistent. In general the fatigue strength based on the minimum section dropped sharply as the ration D/W was increased from zero to about 0.25. The plain specimens showed quite a pronounced decrease in fatigue strength with increasing width. The holed specimens showed only slight and rather inconclusive evidence of this size effect. The fatigue stress-concentration factor was higher for 75S-T than for 24S-T alloy. Evidence was found that a very small hole would not cause any reduction in fatigue strength.

ST product characteristics and relationships with perceptions and behaviors among rural adolescent males: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Couch, Elizabeth T; Darius, Ellen F; Walsh, Margaret M; Chaffee, Benjamin W

2017-12-01

Although smoking declines in the United States, the prevalence of male adolescent smokeless tobacco (ST; moist snuff and chewing tobacco) use remains unchanged. ST product characteristics, such as flavoring, packaging, and branding, could influence adolescents' ST initiation and continued use. This qualitative study examines the potential role of product characteristics in shaping ST-related perceptions and behaviors among rural adolescent males. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted at three California rural high schools. ST users were asked about their experiences and perceptions related to product characteristics. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using a general inductive approach. Participants associated flavored ST with appealing non-tobacco products, such as chewing gum and alcohol. Availability of different varieties and flavors stimulated interest and curiosity in sampling or switching between ST products. Time-limited promotional flavors and packaging also enhanced product appeal. Adolescent ST users preferred certain brands based on perceived brand features and perceived nicotine content, associating higher-strength brands as better suited for experienced ST users. Brand preferences frequently reflected perceived ST brand popularity within peer groups. Based on these observations, potential ST regulation and health education campaigns to address misconceptions about ST characteristics could influence adolescents' ST-related perceptions and reduce ST use among this vulnerable population. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Minor Electrocardiographic ST-T Change and Risk of Stroke in the General Japanese Population.

PubMed

Ishikawa, Joji; Hirose, Hideo; Schwartz, Joseph E; Ishikawa, Shizukiyo

2018-06-25

Minor ST-T changes are frequently observed on the electrocardiogram (ECG), but the risk of stroke associated with such changes is unclear.Methods and Results:In 10,642 subjects from the Japanese general population, we evaluated minor and major ST-T changes (major ST depression ≥0.1 mV) on ECGs obtained at annual health examinations. At baseline, minor ST-T changes were found in 10.7% of the subjects and 0.5% had major ST-T changes. Minor ST-T changes were associated with older age, female gender, higher systolic blood pressure, presence of hyperlipidemia, and use of antihypertensive medication. There were 375 stroke events during the follow-up period (128.7±28.1 months). In all subjects, minor ST-T changes (HR, 2.10; 95% CI: 1.57-2.81) and major ST-T changes (HR, 8.64; 95% CI: 4.44-16.82) were associated with an increased risk of stroke, but the stroke risk associated with minor ST-T changes had borderline significance after adjustment for conventional risk factors (P=0.055). In subgroup analysis, the risk of stroke was significantly associated with minor ST-T changes in subjects who had hyperlipidemia (HR, 1.75; 95% CI: 1.15-2.67) compared to those without hyperlipidemia (HR, 1.01; 95% CI: 0.64-1.59; P for interaction=0.016), even after adjustment for ECG-diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy. Minor ST-T changes were particularly associated with a higher risk of stroke in subjects with hyperlipidemia and this association was independent of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy.

Comparative Genomics of the Listeria monocytogenes ST204 Subgroup

PubMed Central

Fox, Edward M.; Allnutt, Theodore; Bradbury, Mark I.; Fanning, Séamus; Chandry, P. Scott

2016-01-01

The ST204 subgroup of Listeria monocytogenes is among the most frequently isolated in Australia from a range of environmental niches. In this study we provide a comparative genomics analysis of food and food environment isolates from geographically diverse sources. Analysis of the ST204 genomes showed a highly conserved core genome with the majority of variation seen in mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons and phage insertions. Most strains (13/15) harbored plasmids, which although varying in size contained highly conserved sequences. Interestingly 4 isolates contained a conserved plasmid of 91,396 bp. The strains examined were isolated over a period of 12 years and from different geographic locations suggesting plasmids are an important component of the genetic repertoire of this subgroup and may provide a range of stress tolerance mechanisms. In addition to this 4 phage insertion sites and 2 transposons were identified among isolates, including a novel transposon. These genetic elements were highly conserved across isolates that harbored them, and also contained a range of genetic markers linked to stress tolerance and virulence. The maintenance of conserved mobile genetic elements in the ST204 population suggests these elements may contribute to the diverse range of niches colonized by ST204 isolates. Environmental stress selection may contribute to maintaining these genetic features, which in turn may be co-selecting for virulence markers relevant to clinical infection with ST204 isolates. PMID:28066377

Comparative Genomics of the Listeria monocytogenes ST204 Subgroup.

PubMed

Fox, Edward M; Allnutt, Theodore; Bradbury, Mark I; Fanning, Séamus; Chandry, P Scott

2016-01-01

The ST204 subgroup of Listeria monocytogenes is among the most frequently isolated in Australia from a range of environmental niches. In this study we provide a comparative genomics analysis of food and food environment isolates from geographically diverse sources. Analysis of the ST204 genomes showed a highly conserved core genome with the majority of variation seen in mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, transposons and phage insertions. Most strains (13/15) harbored plasmids, which although varying in size contained highly conserved sequences. Interestingly 4 isolates contained a conserved plasmid of 91,396 bp. The strains examined were isolated over a period of 12 years and from different geographic locations suggesting plasmids are an important component of the genetic repertoire of this subgroup and may provide a range of stress tolerance mechanisms. In addition to this 4 phage insertion sites and 2 transposons were identified among isolates, including a novel transposon. These genetic elements were highly conserved across isolates that harbored them, and also contained a range of genetic markers linked to stress tolerance and virulence. The maintenance of conserved mobile genetic elements in the ST204 population suggests these elements may contribute to the diverse range of niches colonized by ST204 isolates. Environmental stress selection may contribute to maintaining these genetic features, which in turn may be co-selecting for virulence markers relevant to clinical infection with ST204 isolates.

77 FR 22800 - Wilderness Eligibility Reclassifications, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-17

... Eligibility Reclassifications, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice of Wilderness Eligibility Reclassification, Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. SUMMARY: Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve has completed an analysis per NPS...

21st Century Community Learning Centers: A Descriptive Evaluation for 2014-2015

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Larry J.; Hammer, Patricia Cahape; Whisman, Andy

2015-01-01

This evaluation study provides information about the implementation and outcomes of the 21st Century Community Learning Centers (21st CCLC) program in West Virginia, from September 2014 through May 2015. The report draws on information from online surveys of 23 directors of 21st CCLC programs and from school teachers for 929 of the 11,299…

Elementary Principals' Perceptions of 21st Century Skills in Southeastern Virginia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McIntyre-Odoms, Brenda

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of elementary school principals in Southeastern Virginia regarding implementation of 21st century skills. The Partnership for 21st Century Learning Skills framework was used as a foundation to identify the skills needed for the 21st century. In addition, the framework was used to examine…

Evaluation of Lassa Antiviral Compound ST-193 in a Guinea Pig Model

PubMed Central

Cashman, Kathleen A.; Smith, Mark A.; Twenhafel, Nancy A.; Larson, Ryan A.; Jones, Kevin F.; Allen, Robert D.; Dai, Dongcheng; Chinsangaram, Jarasvech; Bolken, Tove’ C.; Hruby, Dennis E.; Amberg, Sean M.; Hensley, Lisa E.; Guttieri, Mary C.

2012-01-01

Lassa virus (LASV), a member of the Arenaviridae family, causes a viral hemorrhagic fever endemic to West Africa, where as many as 300,000 infections occur per year. Presently, there are no FDA-approved LASV-specific vaccines or antiviral agents, although the antiviral drug ribavirin has shown some efficacy. A recently identified small-molecule inhibitor of arenavirus entry, ST-193, exhibits submicromolar antiviral activity in vitro. To determine the antiviral utility of ST-193 in vivo, we tested the efficacy of this compound in the LASV guinea pig model. Four groups of strain 13 guinea pigs were administered 25 or 80 mg/kg ST-193, 25 mg/kg of ribavirin, or the vehicle by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route before infection with a lethal dose of LASV, strain Josiah, and continuing once daily for 14 days. Control animals exhibited severe disease, becoming moribund between days 10 and 15 postinfection. ST-193-treated animals exhibited fewer signs of disease and enhanced survival when compared to the ribavirin or vehicle groups. Body temperatures in all groups were elevated by day 9, but returned to normal by day 19 postinfection in the majority of ST-193-treated animals. ST-193 treatment mediated a 2- to 3-log reduction in viremia relative to vehicle-treated controls. The overall survival rate for the ST-193-treated guinea pigs was 62.5% (10/16) compared with 0% in the ribavirin (0/8) and vehicle (0/7) groups. These data suggest that ST-193 may serve as an improved candidate for the treatment of Lassa fever. PMID:21371508

Consolidating Social Achievements & Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century Child Survival, Development & Protection in St. Kitts and Nevis. 1991-96 Situation Analysis of Children and Their Families.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Halliday, Joseph; Harris, Vernon

This report details an assessment of the state of children and their families in St. Kitts and Nevis in the Caribbean. The assessment was conducted by a team from St. Kitts in consultation with government officials and non-governmental organizations in St. Kitts and Nevis. Following an executive summary, the report's chapters are: (1)…

Expression of interleukin-33 and its receptor ST2 in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts.

PubMed

Velickovic, Milena; Pejnovic, Nada; Petrovic, Renata; Mitrovic, Slobodanka; Jeftic, Ilija; Kanjevac, Tatjana; Lukic, Aleksandra

2016-01-01

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a recently identified cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family and ligand for the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2. IL-33/ST2 signaling plays a critical role in allergy, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammatory disorders, but its role in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions is unknown. We aimed to investigate the expression patterns of IL-33 and ST2 in human periapical lesions. Periapical lesions (n = 36) and healthy periapical tissues (n = 10) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies specific for human IL-33 and ST2. Lesion samples were further analyzed by double immunofluorescence to assess IL-33/ST2 co-expression. The numbers of IL-33- and ST2-positive fibroblasts were significantly higher in periapical lesions compared to healthy periapical tissues (both P < 0.05), while the numbers of IL-33- and ST2-positive endothelial cells were similar (both P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the numbers of IL-33- and ST2-positive fibroblasts and endothelial cells between periapical granulomas and radicular cysts (all P > 0.05). Similarly, numbers of ST2-positive mononuclear cells did not differ between periapical granulomas and radicular cysts (P > 0.05). The majority of epithelial cells in radicular cysts were IL-33 positive, while the small proportion of epithelial cells was ST2 positive. Double immunofluorescence analysis revealed IL-33/ST2 co-expression in fibroblasts and endothelial cells. IL-33 and ST2 are expressed in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. Increased numbers of IL-33- and ST2-positive fibroblasts in periapical lesions when compared to healthy periapical tissues suggest that IL-33/ST2 signaling may be involved in periapical inflammation and tissue fibrosis. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Reliability and Validity of Michigan School Libraries for the 21st Century Measurement Benchmarks

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Floyd, Natosha N.

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Michigan School Libraries for the 21st Century Measurement Benchmarks (SL21). The instrument consists of 19 items with three subscales: Building the 21st Century Learning Environment Subscale, Teaching for 21st Century Learning Subscale, and Leading the Way to 21st Century…

Solanum tuberosum StCDPK1 is regulated by miR390 at the posttranscriptional level and phosphorylates the auxin efflux carrier StPIN4 in vitro, a potential downstream target in potato development.

PubMed

Santin, Franco; Bhogale, Sneha; Fantino, Elisa; Grandellis, Carolina; Banerjee, Anjan K; Ulloa, Rita M

2017-02-01

Among many factors that regulate potato tuberization, calcium and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play an important role. CDPK activity increases at the onset of tuber formation with StCDPK1 expression being strongly induced in swollen stolons. However, not much is known about the transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of StCDPK1 or its downstream targets in potato development. To elucidate further, we analyzed its expression in different tissues and stages of the life cycle. Histochemical analysis of StCDPK1::GUS (β-glucuronidase) plants demonstrated that StCDPK1 is strongly associated with the vascular system in stems, roots, during stolon to tuber transition, and in tuber sprouts. In agreement with the observed GUS profile, we found specific cis-acting elements in StCDPK1 promoter. In silico analysis predicted miR390 to be a putative posttranscriptional regulator of StCDPK1. Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed ubiquitous expression of StCDPK1 in different tissues which correlated well with Western blot data except in leaves. On the contrary, miR390 expression exhibited an inverse pattern in leaves and tuber eyes suggesting a possible regulation of StCDPK1 by miR390. This was further confirmed by Agrobacterium co-infiltration assays. In addition, in vitro assays showed that recombinant StCDPK1-6xHis was able to phosphorylate the hydrophilic loop of the auxin efflux carrier StPIN4. Altogether, these results indicate that StCDPK1 expression is varied in a tissue-specific manner having significant expression in vasculature and in tuber eyes; is regulated by miR390 at posttranscriptional level and suggest that StPIN4 could be one of its downstream targets revealing the overall role of this kinase in potato development. © 2016 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.

77 FR 51470 - Drawbridge Operation Regulations; Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-24

... Operation Regulations; Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, St. Petersburg/Tampa, FL AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION... from the operating schedules that govern seven bridges in St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida. The... Sector St Petersburg, FL has requested temporary modifications to the operating schedules of seven...

ST 1535: a preferential A2A adenosine receptor antagonist.

PubMed

Stasi, Maria Antonietta; Borsini, Franco; Varani, Katia; Vincenzi, Fabrizio; Di Cesare, Maria Assunta; Minetti, Patrizia; Ghirardi, Orlando; Carminati, Paolo

2006-10-01

Antagonism of the A2A adenosine function has proved beneficial in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, in that it increases L-dopa therapeutical effects without concomitant worsening of its side-effects. In this paper we describe a preferential A2A adenosine antagonist, ST 1535, with long-lasting pharmacodynamic effects. It competitively antagonizes the effects of the A2A adenosine agonist NECA on cAMP in cells cloned with the human A2A adenosine receptor (IC50=353+/-30 nM), and the effects of the A1 adenosine agonist CHA on cAMP in cells cloned with the human A1 adenosine receptor (IC50=510+/-38 nM). ST 1535, at oral doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, antagonizes catalepsy induced by intracerebroventricular administration of the A2A adenosine agonist CGS 21680 (10 microg/5 microl) in mice. At oral doses ranging between 5 and 20 mg/kg, ST 1535 induces hypermotility and antagonizes haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice up to 7 h. Oral ST 1535, at 1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg, potentiates L-dopa effects in reducing haloperidol-induced catalepsy. ST 1535 represents a potential new compound, with long-lasting activity, for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Hemodialysis Infection Prevention Protocols Ontario-Shower Technique (HIPPO-ST): A Pilot Randomized Trial.

PubMed

Kosa, S Daisy; Gafni, Amiram; House, Andrew A; Lawrence, JulieAnn; Moist, Louise; Nathoo, Bharat; Tam, Paul; Sarabia, Alicia; Thabane, Lehana; Wu, George; Lok, Charmaine E

2017-03-01

We developed the Hemodialysis Infection Prevention Protocols Ontario-Shower Technique (HIPPO-ST) to permit hemodialysis (HD) patients with central venous catheters (catheters) to shower without additional infection risk. Our primary objective was to determine the feasibility of conducting a parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of HIPPO-ST on catheter-related bacteremia (CRB) in adult HD patients. Adult HD patients using catheters were recruited from 11 HD units. Patients were randomized to receive HIPPO-ST or standard care and were followed up for 6 months. Only CRB-outcome assessors were blinded. For the study to be considered feasible, 4 of 5 feasibility outcomes, each with its own statistical threshold for success, must have been achieved. A total of 68 patients were randomized (33 HIPPO-ST and 35 control) and were followed up to 6 months. Of 5 measures of feasibility, 4 were achieved: (1) accurate CRB rate documented (threshold: κ level >0.80); (2) 97.8% (279/285) of satellite HD patients with catheters were screened (threshold: >95%); (3) 88% (23/26) in the HIPPO-ST arm were successfully educated by 6 months (threshold: >80%); and (4) 0% (0/29) patients in the control arm were "contaminated," that is, using HIPPO-ST (threshold: <5%). However, only 44.2% (72/163) of eligible patients consented to participate (threshold: >80%). The rate of CRB was similarly low in HIPPO-ST and control groups (0.68 vs. 0.88/1000 catheter days). This HIPPO-ST pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of the larger HIPPO-ST study, especially given the high levels of education success with the HIPPO-ST arm and the low levels of contamination in the control arm.

The role of H4 flagella in Escherichia coli ST131 virulence

PubMed Central

Kakkanat, Asha; Totsika, Makrina; Schaale, Kolja; Duell, Benjamin L.; Lo, Alvin W.; Phan, Minh-Duy; Moriel, Danilo G.; Beatson, Scott A.; Sweet, Matthew J.; Ulett, Glen C.; Schembri, Mark A.

2015-01-01

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a globally dominant multidrug resistant clone associated with urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Most ST131 strains exhibit resistance to multiple antibiotics and cause infections associated with limited treatment options. The largest sub-clonal ST131 lineage is resistant to fluoroquinolones, contains the type 1 fimbriae fimH30 allele and expresses an H4 flagella antigen. Flagella are motility organelles that contribute to UPEC colonisation of the upper urinary tract. In this study, we examined the specific role of H4 flagella in ST131 motility and interaction with host epithelial and immune cells. We show that the majority of H4-positive ST131 strains are motile and are enriched for flagella expression during static pellicle growth. We also tested the role of H4 flagella in ST131 through the construction of specific mutants, over-expression strains and isogenic mutants that expressed alternative H1 and H7 flagellar subtypes. Overall, our results revealed that H4, H1 and H7 flagella possess conserved phenotypes with regards to motility, epithelial cell adhesion, invasion and uptake by macrophages. In contrast, H4 flagella trigger enhanced induction of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 compared to H1 and H7 flagella, a property that may contribute to ST131 fitness in the urinary tract. PMID:26548325

75 FR 21243 - Marine Mammals; Subsistence Taking of Northern Fur Seals; St. George

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-23

... Mammals; Subsistence Taking of Northern Fur Seals; St. George AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service... (APA). The Pribilof Island Community of St. George Island, Traditional Council (Council) petitioned... St. George Island to take male fur seal young of the year during the fall. NMFS solicits public...

33 CFR 100.728 - Special Local Regulations; Hurricane Offshore Classic, St. Petersburg, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

...; Hurricane Offshore Classic, St. Petersburg, FL. 100.728 Section 100.728 Navigation and Navigable Waters... WATERS § 100.728 Special Local Regulations; Hurricane Offshore Classic, St. Petersburg, FL. (a) Regulated... commander designated by Coast Guard Sector St. Petersburg, Florida. (2) Spectator craft will be permitted...

75 FR 32813 - St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin Alcoholic Beverage Control Ordinance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-09

... DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Indian Affairs St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin...: This notice publishes the Secretary's certification of the amended St. Croix Chippewa Indians of... Country. The St. Croix Tribal Council of the adopted this amended Liquor Ordinance on December 3, 2009...

AM-37 and ST-36 Are Small Molecule Bombesin Receptor Antagonists

PubMed Central

Moody, Terry W.; Tashakkori, Nicole; Mantey, Samuel A.; Moreno, Paola; Ramos-Alvarez, Irene; Leopoldo, Marcello; Jensen, Robert T.

2017-01-01

While peptide antagonists for the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (BB2R), neuromedin B receptor (BB1R), and bombesin (BB) receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) exist, there is a need to develop non-peptide small molecule inhibitors for all three BBR. The BB agonist (BA)1 binds with high affinity to the BB1R, BB2R, and BRS-3. In this communication, small molecule BBR antagonists were evaluated using human lung cancer cells. AM-37 and ST-36 inhibited binding to human BB1R, BB2R, and BRS-3 with similar affinity (Ki = 1.4–10.8 µM). AM-13 and AM-14 were approximately an order of magnitude less potent than AM-37 and ST-36. The ability of BA1 to elevate cytosolic Ca2+ in human lung cancer cells transfected with BB1R, BB2R, and BRS-3 was antagonized by AM-37 and ST-36. BA1 increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGFR and ERK in lung cancer cells, which was blocked by AM-37 and ST-36. AM-37 and ST-36 reduced the growth of lung cancer cells that have BBR. The results indicate that AM-37 and ST-36 function as small molecule BB receptor antagonists. PMID:28785244

84. South Oregon St., 621 (residential), south and east facades, ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

84. South Oregon St., 621 (residential), south and east facades, facade on right is South Oregon St., and facade on left is on Fifth Ave. - South El Paso Street Historic District, South El Paso, South Oregon & South Santa Fe Streets, El Paso, El Paso County, TX

[Synthesis of ST-1435 derivatives as contraceptive for lactating women].

PubMed

Chen, G H; Tu, S Z; Liao, Q J

1991-01-01

Four new ST-1435 derivatives 4-7 were synthesized. Both 4 and 5 are mixture of Z- and E-isomers. 4 was separated into Z- and E-isomers by spinning TLC. Their binding ability to progesterone receptor was examined and found to be less than ST-1435.

Vehicular crash tests of the California ST-20 bridge rail.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2004-07-01

Over the course of this project a see-through steel bridge rail (Type California ST-20) was developed and tested. The ST-20, as tested, is at the limits of meeting the NCHRP Report 3501 TL-4 test matrix. The bridge rail also met the requirements esta...

33 CFR 117.669 - St. Louis River (Duluth Superior Harbor).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Louis River (Duluth Superior Harbor). 117.669 Section 117.669 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BRIDGES DRAWBRIDGE OPERATION REGULATIONS Specific Requirements Minnesota § 117.669 St. Louis River...

Public health assessment for Tutu Wellfield, St. Thomas, St. Thomas County, Virgin Islands. Cerclis No. VID982272569. Final report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-05-14

The Tutu Wellfield National Priorities List (NPL) site is in east-central St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Island. Twenty-two wells in the Turpentine Run Basin contain at minimum a trace of volatile organic contaminants. Volatile and chlorinated hydrocarbons including benzene; toluene; 1,2-trans-dichloroethene (DCE); trichloroethene (TCE); and tetrachloroethene (PCE) were detected in several of the wells. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has concluded that the Tutu Wellfield National Priorities List (NPL) site, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, poses a public health hazard for past, present, and possible future ingestion of contaminated groundwater.

Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) overexpression attenuates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.

PubMed

Qiu, Yanyan; Sui, Xianxian; Zhan, Yongkun; Xu, Chen; Li, Xiaobo; Ning, Yanxia; Zhi, Xiuling; Yin, Lianhua

2017-04-01

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a wide spectrum of liver pathology. Intracellular lipid accumulation is the first step in the development and progression of NAFLD. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) plays an important role in the synthesis of bile acid and intracellular lipid homeostasis and cholesterol metabolism. We hypothesize that StAR is involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. The hypothesis was identified using free fatty acid (FFA)-overloaded NAFLD in vitro model and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mouse model transfected by recombinant adenovirus encoding StAR (StAR). StAR expression was also examined in pathology samples of patients with fatty liver by immunohistochemical staining. We found that the expression level of StAR was reduced in the livers obtained from fatty liver patients and NAFLD mice. Additionally, StAR overexpression decreased the levels of hepatic lipids and maintained the hepatic glucose homeostasis due to the activation of farnesoid x receptor (FXR). StAR overexpression attenuated the impairment of insulin signaling in fatty liver. This protective role of StAR was owing to a reduction of intracellular diacylglycerol levels and the phosphorylation of PKCε. Furthermore, FXR inactivation reversed the observed beneficial effects of StAR. The present study revealed that StAR overexpression can reduce hepatic lipid accumulation, regulate glucose metabolism and attenuate insulin resistance through a mechanism involving the activation of FXR. Our study suggests that StAR may be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Responding to the Ideals of Lassallian Education in the 21st Century: A Case Study of St. Paul's Secondary School in Marsabit, Kenya

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marius, Boya Francois; Teklemariam, Amanuel Abraha; Akala, Winston Jumba

2011-01-01

De La Salle Brothers are Christian educators operating in more than 80 countries, including Kenya. The purpose of this study was to find if the ideals of Lasallian education are being realized in the 21st century in Kenya and to establish whether the findings concur with the Lasallian philosophy of education. The study was conducted at St. Paul's…

Department of Energy: Nuclear S&T workforce development programs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bingham, Michelle; Bala, Marsha; Beierschmitt, Kelly

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratories use their expertise in nuclear science and technology (S&T) to support a robust national nuclear S&T enterprise from the ground up. Traditional academic programs do not provide all the elements necessary to develop this expertise, so the DOE has initiated a number of supplemental programs to develop and support the nuclear S&T workforce pipeline. This document catalogs existing workforce development programs that are supported by a number of DOE offices (such as the Offices of Nuclear Energy, Science, Energy Efficiency, and Environmental Management), and by the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) andmore » the Naval Reactor Program. Workforce development programs in nuclear S&T administered through the Department of Homeland Security, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Department of Defense are also included. The information about these programs, which is cataloged below, is drawn from the program websites. Some programs, such as the Minority Serving Institutes Partnership Programs (MSIPPs) are available through more than one DOE office, so they appear in more than one section of this document.« less

76 FR 38357 - Reorganization of Foreign-Trade Zone 102, Under Alternative Site Framework; St. Louis, MO

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-30

... Zone 102, Under Alternative Site Framework; St. Louis, MO Pursuant to its authority under the Foreign.../2010) as an option for the establishment or reorganization of general-purpose zones; Whereas, the St... the City of St. Louis and St. Louis County, Missouri, within and adjacent to the St. Louis Customs and...

Occurrence and effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the St. Croix River

USGS Publications Warehouse

Elliott, Sarah M.; Lee, Kathy E.

2016-01-01

The St. Croix River is one of the last undisturbed, large floodplain rivers in the upper Mississippi River System. The Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway encompasses 255 river miles from the St. Croix Flowage and Namekagon River to the confluence of the St. Croix River with the Mississippi River at Prescott, Wisconsin. The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968 includes protection of the “outstandingly remarkable values” of the St. Croix and Namekagon rivers, which are included in the first eight designated wild and scenic rivers. The National Park Service (NPS) supports efforts to ensure these high-quality waters are not degraded by endocrine-disrupting or pharmaceutically active chemicals.

76 FR 32313 - Safety Zone; Chelsea St. Bridge Demolition, Chelsea River, Chelsea, MA

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-06

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Chelsea St. Bridge Demolition, Chelsea River, Chelsea, MA AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... Sector Boston Captain of the Port (COTP) Zone for the demolition of the Chelsea St. Bridge. This safety... Chelsea St. Bridge during the operations surrounding the bridge's demolition and removal. Discussion of...

78 FR 15293 - Safety Zone; St. Patrick's Day Fireworks; Manitowoc River, Manitowoc, WI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-11

...-AA00 Safety Zone; St. Patrick's Day Fireworks; Manitowoc River, Manitowoc, WI AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS... will hold its annual St. Patrick's Day fireworks display. This fireworks display will be launched from... as follows: Sec. 165.T09-0116 Safety Zone; St. Patrick's Day Fireworks; Manitowoc River, Manitowoc...

33 CFR 165.825 - Security Zones; Captain of the Port St. Louis, Missouri.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Port St. Louis, Missouri. 165.825 Section 165.825 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... § 165.825 Security Zones; Captain of the Port St. Louis, Missouri. (a) Location. The following areas are..., St. Louis or designated representative. (2) The Ft. Calhoun and Cooper security zones include a...

Nicotine Suppressed Fetal Adrenal StAR Expression via YY1 Mediated-Histone Deacetylation Modification Mechanism.

PubMed

Liu, Lian; Wang, Jian-Fei; Fan, Jie; Rao, Yi-Song; Liu, Fang; Yan, You-E; Wang, Hui

2016-09-03

Steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein plays a pivotal role in steroidogenesis. Previously, we have demonstrated that prenatal nicotine exposure suppressed fetal adrenal steroidogenesis via steroidogenic factor 1 deacetylation. This study further explored the potential role of the transcriptional repressor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in nicotine-mediated StAR inhibition. Nicotine was subcutaneously administered (1.0 mg/kg) to pregnant rats twice per day and NCI-H295A cells were treated with nicotine. StAR and YY1 expression were analyzed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Histone modifications and the interactions between the YY1 and StAR promoter were assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Prenatal nicotine exposure increased YY1 expression and suppressed StAR expression. ChIP assay showed that there was a decreasing trend for histone acetylation at the StAR promoter in fetal adrenal glands, whereas H3 acetyl-K14 at the YY1 promoter presented an increasing trend following nicotine exposure. Furthermore, in nicotine-treated NCI-H295A cells, nicotine enhanced YY1 expression and inhibited StAR expression. ChIP assay showed that histone acetylation decreased at the StAR promoter in NCI-H295A cells and that the interaction between the YY1 and StAR promoter increased. These data indicated that YY1-medicated histone deacetylation modification in StAR promoters might play an important role in the inhibitory effect of nicotine on StAR expression.

Nicotine Suppressed Fetal Adrenal StAR Expression via YY1 Mediated-Histone Deacetylation Modification Mechanism

PubMed Central

Liu, Lian; Wang, Jian-Fei; Fan, Jie; Rao, Yi-Song; Liu, Fang; Yan, You-E; Wang, Hui

2016-01-01

Steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein plays a pivotal role in steroidogenesis. Previously, we have demonstrated that prenatal nicotine exposure suppressed fetal adrenal steroidogenesis via steroidogenic factor 1 deacetylation. This study further explored the potential role of the transcriptional repressor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in nicotine-mediated StAR inhibition. Nicotine was subcutaneously administered (1.0 mg/kg) to pregnant rats twice per day and NCI-H295A cells were treated with nicotine. StAR and YY1 expression were analyzed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Histone modifications and the interactions between the YY1 and StAR promoter were assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Prenatal nicotine exposure increased YY1 expression and suppressed StAR expression. ChIP assay showed that there was a decreasing trend for histone acetylation at the StAR promoter in fetal adrenal glands, whereas H3 acetyl-K14 at the YY1 promoter presented an increasing trend following nicotine exposure. Furthermore, in nicotine-treated NCI-H295A cells, nicotine enhanced YY1 expression and inhibited StAR expression. ChIP assay showed that histone acetylation decreased at the StAR promoter in NCI-H295A cells and that the interaction between the YY1 and StAR promoter increased. These data indicated that YY1-medicated histone deacetylation modification in StAR promoters might play an important role in the inhibitory effect of nicotine on StAR expression. PMID:27598153

Advanced ST plasma scenario simulations for NSTX

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kessel, C. E.; Synakowski, E. J.; Bell, M. E.; Gates, D. A.; Harvey, R. W.; Kaye, S. M.; Mau, T. K.; Menard, J.; Phillips, C. K.; Taylor, G.; Wilson, R.; NSTX Research Team

2005-08-01

Integrated scenario simulations are done for NSTX that address four primary objectives for developing advanced spherical torus (ST) configurations: high β and high βN inductive discharges to study all aspects of ST physics in the high β regime; non-inductively sustained discharges for flattop times greater than the skin time to study the various current drive techniques; non-inductively sustained discharges at high β for flattop times much greater than a skin time which provides the integrated advanced ST target for NSTX and non-solenoidal startup and plasma current rampup. The simulations done here use the tokamak simulation code and are based on a discharge 109070. TRANSP analysis of the discharge provided the thermal diffusivities for electrons and ions, the neutral beam deposition profile and other characteristics. CURRAY is used to calculate the high harmonic fast wave (HHFW) heating depositions and current drive. GENRAY/CQL3D is used to establish the heating and CD deposition profiles for electron Bernstein waves (EBW). Analysis of the ideal MHD stability is done with JSOLVER, BALMSC and PEST2. The simulations indicate that the integrated advanced ST plasma is reachable, obtaining stable plasmas with βT ap 40% at βN's of 7.7-9, IP = 1.0 MA and BT = 0.35 T. The plasma is 100% non-inductive and has a flattop of four skin times. The resulting global energy confinement corresponds to a multiplier of H98(y),2 = 1.5. The simulations have demonstrated the importance of HHFW heating and CD, EBW off-axis CD, strong plasma shaping, density control and early heating/H-mode transition for producing and optimizing these plasma configurations.

Impact of gender on efficacy and acute toxicity of alkylating agent -based chemotherapy in Ewing sarcoma: secondary analysis of the Euro-Ewing99-R1 trial.

PubMed

van den Berg, Henk; Paulussen, Michael; Le Teuff, Gwénaël; Judson, Ian; Gelderblom, Hans; Dirksen, Uta; Brennan, Bernadette; Whelan, Jeremy; Ladenstein, Ruth Lydia; Marec-Berard, Perrine; Kruseova, Jarmila; Hjorth, Lars; Kühne, Thomas; Brichard, Benedicte; Wheatley, Keith; Craft, Alan; Juergens, Heribert; Gaspar, Nathalie; Le Deley, Marie-Cécile

2015-11-01

Based on the randomised Euro-EWING99-R1 trial, vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide (VAC) may be able to replace vincristine, adriamycin, ifosfamide (VAI) in the treatment of standard-risk Ewing sarcoma. However some heterogeneity of treatment effect by gender was observed. The current exploratory study aimed at investigating the influence of gender on treatment efficacy and acute toxicity. Impact of gender on event-free survival (EFS), acute toxicity by course, switches between treatment arms and cumulative dose of alkylating agents was evaluated in multivariable models adjusted for age including terms to test for heterogeneity of treatment effect by gender. The analysis of the EFS was performed on the intention-to-treat population. EFS did not significantly differ between the 509 males and 347 females (p=0.33), but an interaction in terms of efficacy was suspected between treatment and gender (p=0.058): VAC was associated with poorer EFS than VAI in males, hazard ratio (HR) (VAC/VAI)=1.37 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-1.90], contrasting with HR=0.81 [95%CI, 0.53-1.24] in females. Severe toxicity was more frequent in females, whatever the toxicity type. Thirty patients switched from VAI to VAC (9/251 males, 4%, and 21/174 females, 12%) mostly due to renal toxicity, and three from VAC to VAI (2/258 males, 0.8%, and 1/173 females, 0.6%). A reduction of alkylating agent cumulative dose >20% was more frequent in females (15% versus 9%, p=0.005), with no major difference between VAC and VAI (10% versus 13%, p=0.15). Differences of acute toxicity rate and cumulative doses of alkylating agents could not explain the marginal interaction observed in the Euro-EWING99-R1 trial data. Effects of gender-dependent polymorphism/activity of metabolic enzymes (e.g. known for CYP2B6) of ifosfamide versus cyclophosphamide should be explored. External data are required to further evaluate whether there is heterogeneity of alkylating agent effect by gender. NCT00987636 and

National Dam Safety Program. Eaton Dam (MO 31163), Mississippi - Kaskaskia - St. Louis Basin, St. Francois County, Missouri. Phase I Inspection Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-04-01

located near the north end of the Simms Mountain Fault System. The site is actually within this system which is about 5 mi wide and 40 mi long, in a...oLegon I V Roubidoux Formation u aleA "Z.Gasconade Dolomite Gunter Sandstone Member Of Eminence Dolomite m~neY, jrk-Potosi Dolomite Derby-Doerufl...westnMsoui Vow" Lamotte Sandstone Diabese (dikes and sills) St. Francois Mountains Intrusive Suite St. Francois Mountains Volcanic Supergiroup 0 10 20

46. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

46. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms. Overall view, from S. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

45. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

45. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms. Turn span from SE. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

33 CFR 117.1083 - Duluth-Superior Harbor (St. Louis River).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duluth-Superior Harbor (St. Louis River). 117.1083 Section 117.1083 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND...-Superior Harbor (St. Louis River). (a) The draws of the Burlington Northern railroad bridge, mile 5.7 at...

Smart Social Networking: 21st Century Teaching and Learning Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Boholano, Helen B.

2017-01-01

Education in the 21st century highlights globalization and internationalization. Pre-service teachers in the 21st century are technology savvy. To effectively engage and teach generation Z students, preservice teachers will help the educational system meet this requirement. The educational systems must be outfitted with a prerequisite of ICT…

76 FR 30018 - Safety Zone; Marysville Days Fireworks, St. Clair River, Marysville, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-24

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Marysville Days Fireworks, St. Clair River, Marysville, MI AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on St. Clair River, Marysville, MI. This zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of St. Clair River...

77 FR 29901 - Safety Zone; Marysville Days Fireworks, St. Clair River, Marysville, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-21

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Marysville Days Fireworks, St. Clair River, Marysville, MI AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Temporary final rule. SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing a temporary safety zone on the St. Clair River, Marysville, Michigan. This zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of the St...

The Greening of St Patrick's.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barron, Jennie

1993-01-01

The grade 6-7 class at St. Patrick's School in Hamilton (Ontario) engages in outdoor environmental projects to enhance classroom learning. Some student activities have been (1) worm composting; (2) tree planting; (3) restoring tern nesting areas; and (4) planning and cultivating a sophisticated garden on school grounds. (KS)

Sunrayce 97 Continues Day 8 - St. Francis, Kan. to Limon, Colo.

Science.gov Websites

8 - St. Francis, Kan. to Limon, Colo. For more information contact: Patrick Booher, Sunrayce on Colorado Ave. And 24th St. Sunrayce 97 is a solar cross-country event that runs from Indianapolis

St. Louis River fish migrations: Gains and losses of ecosystem ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The Twin Ports fishery has undergone change from a migratory fish-based fishery to a Lake Superior-based fishery, and is now returning to a diverse fishery that includes fish of both life histories. These changes reflect past disturbances to the Great Lakes ecosystem as well as recent water quality improvement and efforts to restore habitat in the St. Louis River. Migratory fishes are an important ecosystem service for the St. Louis River, and improvements to the ecosystem quality within the St. Louis River Area of Concern has benefited migratory fishes. The coastal wetlands within the lower river provide direct support to a variety of high-value, recreationally-important fish species, including walleye, northern pike, and bass. Moreover, these wetlands serve as nursery habitat for a broader suite of high-value, commercially-important species. Restoration has likely improved the value of these coastal wetlands because low-value rough species tend to be more prevalent in degraded coastal wetlands, whereas high-value commercial and game fishes are more prevalent in high-quality coastal wetlands. There have been losses in ecosystem services, as well. Owing to legacy contamination of mercury and PCBs, migratory fishes in the St. Louis River have sufficiently high contaminant burdens to warrant consumption advisories, and recent movement research demonstrates that there is a positive relationship between increased use of St. Louis River habitat (versus Lake Superior)

Origin, evolution, and global transmission of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus ST8

PubMed Central

Strauß, Lena; Alabi, Abraham; Breurec, Sebastien; Coombs, Geoffrey; Egyir, Beverly; Larsen, Anders Rhod; Laurent, Frederic; Monecke, Stefan; Peters, Georg; Skov, Robert; Strommenger, Birgit; Schaumburg, Frieder

2017-01-01

USA300 is a pandemic clonal lineage of hypervirulent, community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) with specific molecular characteristics. Despite its high clinical relevance, the evolutionary origin of USA300 remained unclear. We used comparative genomics of 224 temporal and spatial diverse S. aureus isolates of multilocus sequence type (ST) 8 to reconstruct the molecular evolution and global dissemination of ST8, including USA300. Analyses of core SNP diversity and accessory genome variations showed that the ancestor of all ST8 S. aureus most likely emerged in Central Europe in the mid-19th century. From here, ST8 was exported to North America in the early 20th century and progressively acquired the USA300 characteristics Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), SCCmec IVa, the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), and a specific mutation in capsular polysaccharide gene cap5E. Although the PVL-encoding phage ϕSa2USA was introduced into the ST8 background only once, various SCCmec types were introduced to ST8 at different times and places. Starting from North America, USA300 spread globally, including Africa. African USA300 isolates have aberrant spa-types (t112, t121) and form a monophyletic group within the clade of North American USA300. Large parts of ST8 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolated in Africa represent a symplesiomorphic group of ST8 (i.e., a group representing the characteristics of the ancestor), which are rarely found in other world regions. Isolates previously discussed as USA300 ancestors, including USA500 and a “historic” CA-MRSA from Western Australia, were shown to be only distantly related to recent USA300 clones. PMID:29158405

[Dialin: infection surveillance network for haemodialysis patients. First results].

PubMed

Ayzac, Louis; Béruard, Michel; Girard, Raphaële; Hannoun, Jacques; Kuentz, François; Marc, Jean-Michel; Moreau-Gaudry, Xavier; Roche, Catherine; Tressières, Benoît; Uzan, Marc

2009-02-01

To show results of the first year of an infection surveillance network for haemodialysis patients (Dialin). In order to improve the security and quality of care, six haemodialysis centers have organized an infection watching network. The purpose of the network is to compare of the watching results between centers. This comparison includes vascular access infection (VAI), bacteraemia and C viral hepatitis. The heterogeneous pattern has been also taken into account. SURVEY TYPE: Multicenter prospective permanent survey. Six hundred and sixty-four haemodialyzed chronic patients, followed during one year (2005), in six voluntary haemodialysis centers. This survey has based on 71,688 treatment sessions corresponding to 6257.5 months of haemodialysis (HM). As with the heterogeneity among centers, the acquired infection standardized ratios (observed/expected) (AISR) and 95% confidence interval are computed with Cox model which includes confounding factors found in literature or in the preliminary stage of the survey. VAI crude rate was 0.47 per 100HM, 0.10 per 1000 native fistulae utilisation days, 0.45 per 1000 days of prosthetic graft utilisation and 0.44 per 1000 days of catheter utilisation. Bacteraemia crude incidence rate was 0.69 per 100HM, 0.02 per 1000 days of native fistulae utilisation, 0.00 per 1000 days of prosthetic graft utilisation and 0.39 per 1000 days of catheter utilisation. No new case of C viral hepatitis was found. Prevalence rate at the beginning of the survey was 5.3% (35 over 664). Two centers had a significantly high AISR for VAI and two centers had a significantly low AISR for VAI. One center had a significantly high AISR for bacteraemia and one center had a significantly low AISR for bacteraemia. The first year of Dialin running demonstrates the importance of standardised surveillance method in VAI and bacteraemia surveillance but not for viral hepatitis.

Novel technique for ST-T interval characterization in patients with acute myocardial ischemia.

PubMed

Correa, Raúl; Arini, Pedro David; Correa, Lorena Sabrina; Valentinuzzi, Max; Laciar, Eric

2014-07-01

The novel signal processing techniques have allowed and improved the use of vectorcardiography (VCG) to diagnose and characterize myocardial ischemia. Herein, we studied vectorcardiographic dynamic changes of ventricular repolarization in 80 patients before (control) and during Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA). We propose four vectorcardiographic ST-T parameters, i.e., (a) ST Vector Magnitude Area (aSTVM); (b) T-wave Vector Magnitude Area (aTVM); (c) ST-T Vector Magnitude Difference (ST-TVD), and (d) T-wave Vector Magnitude Difference (TVD). For comparison, the conventional ST-Change Vector Magnitude (STCVM) and Spatial Ventricular Gradient (SVG) were also calculated. Our results indicate that several vectorcardiographic parameters show significant differences (p-value<0.05) before starting and during PTCA. Statistical minute-by-minute PTCA comparison against the control situation showed that ischemic monitoring reached a sensitivity=90.5% and a specificity=92.6% at the 5th minute of the PTCA, when aSTVM and ST-TVD were used as classifiers. We conclude that the sensitivity and specificity for acute ischemia monitoring could be increased with the use of only two vectorcardiographic parameters. Hence, the proposed technique based on vectorcardiography could be used in addition to the conventional ST-T analysis for better monitoring of ischemic patients. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

75 FR 34097 - Expansion of Foreign-Trade Zone 119; Minneapolis-St. Paul Area

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-16

... DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Foreign-Trade Zones Board [Order No. 1684] Expansion of Foreign-Trade Zone 119; Minneapolis-St. Paul Area Pursuant to its authority under the Foreign-Trade Zones Act of June 18... Sites 7 and 8 in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area, adjacent to the Minneapolis-St. Paul Customs and Border...

75 FR 62461 - Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

...-0660; Airspace Docket No. 10-ANM-4] Revocation and Establishment of Class E Airspace; St. George, UT... Class E airspace at St. George, UT, as the airport will be closing, eliminating the need for controlled airspace. This action will establish Class E airspace for the new St. George Municipal Airport located to...

Postcolonial Identity Politics, Language and the Schools in St. Lucia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

St. Hilaire, Aonghas

2009-01-01

In the postcolonial era, a cultural nationalist movement has sought to elevate the status of St. Lucia's creole vernacular, Kweyol, and with some success--it is now the most visible symbol of St. Lucian national identity. This relatively new development has altered somewhat the historic linguistic status quo between the official, high status…

Fostering Higher Order Critical Thinking in 21st Century Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Taft, Mary Miller

2012-01-01

Teachers working with increasingly diverse student populations are expected, for the first time in American history, to bring all students to high levels of proficiency. American graduates must compete with graduates from other nations, given the realities of the 21st century global economy. American teachers must possess 21st century skills in…

Hydrologic data summary for the St. Lucie River Estuary, Martin and St. Lucie Counties, Florida, 1998-2001

USGS Publications Warehouse

Byrne, Michael J.; Patino, Eduardo

2004-01-01

A hydrologic analysis was made at three canal sites and four tidal sites along the St. Lucie River Estuary in southeastern Florida from 1998 to 2001. The data included for analysis are stage, 15-minute flow, salinity, water temperature, turbidity, and suspended-solids concentration. During the period of record, the estuary experienced a drought, major storm events, and high-water discharge from Lake Okeechobee. Flow mainly occurred through the South Fork of the St. Lucie River; however, when flow increased through control structures along the C-23 and C-24 Canals, the North Fork was a larger than usual contributor of total freshwater inflow to the estuary. At one tidal site (Steele Point), the majority of flow was southward toward the St. Lucie Inlet; at a second tidal site (Indian River Bridge), the majority of flow was northward into the Indian River Lagoon. Large-volume stormwater discharge events greatly affected the St. Lucie River Estuary. Increased discharge typically was accompanied by salinity decreases that resulted in water becoming and remaining fresh throughout the estuary until the discharge events ended. Salinity in the estuary usually returned to prestorm levels within a few days after the events. Turbidity decreased and salinity began to increase almost immediately when the gates at the control structures closed. Salinity ranged from less than 1 to greater than 35 parts per thousand during the period of record (1998-2001), and typically varied by several parts per thousand during a tidal cycle. Suspended-solids concentrations were observed at one canal site (S-80) and two tidal sites (Speedy Point and Steele Point) during a discharge event in April and May 2000. Results suggest that most deposition of suspended-solids concentration occurs between S-80 and Speedy Point. The turbidity data collected also support this interpretation. The ratio of inorganic to organic suspended-solids concentration observed at S-80, Speedy Point, and Steele Point

The Economic Impact of Eight Cultural Institutions on the Economy of the St. Louis SMSA.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cwi, David

The impact of eight cultural institutions on the economy of the St. Louis (Missouri) area was determined by measuring their 1978 direct and indirect financial effects. The institutions are the St. Louis Art Museum, St. Louis Conservatory and School for the Arts, Missouri Botannical Garden, St. Louis Symphony, McDonnell Planetarium, Loretto-Hilton…

3. GENERAL VIEW AT 148TH ST. WILLIS AVENUE, 149TH ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

3. GENERAL VIEW AT 148TH ST. - WILLIS AVENUE, 149TH ST. STATION. TRANSFER STRUCTURE TO SUBWAY IS LIGHT COLOR BUILDING IN FOREGROUND. - Interborough Rapid Transit Company, Third Avenue Elevated Line, Borough of the Bronx, New York County, NY

Toward 21st Century Supports

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Umphrey, Jan

2010-01-01

This article presents an interview with Linda Darling-Hammond, Charles Ducommun Professor of Education at Stanford University, director of the Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy and Education, and codirector of the school redesign network at Stanford. In this interview, Darling-Hammond describes the term "21st century skills" and shares her…

IL-33/ST2 involves the immunopathology of ocular toxoplasmosis in murine model.

PubMed

Tong, Xinxin; Lu, Fangli

2015-05-01

Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is the major cause of infective uveitis. Since the eye is a special organ protected by immune privilege, its immune response is different from general organs with Toxoplasma gondii infection. Here, we used Kunming outbred mice to establish OT by intravitreal injection of T. gondii RH strain tachyzoites, IL-33 expression in the eyes was localized by immunostaining, the levels of interleukin (IL)-33 and ST2 (IL-33 receptor) and T-helper (Th)1 and Th2-associated cytokines in the eye and cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) of infected mice were measured, and their correlations were analyzed. Our results showed that the pathologies of the eye and CLN tissues and the IL-33 positive cells in the eye tissues of ocular T. gondii-infected mice were all increased at days 2, 6, and 9 postinfection (p.i.), accompanied with significantly increased transcript levels of IL-33, ST2, IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-12p40, IL-10, and IL-13 in both the eyes and CLNs, and increased IL-4 expressions in the eyes of T. gondii-infected mice. There were significant correlations between the levels of IFN-γ and ST2, IL-4 and ST2, and IL-13 and ST2 in the eye tissues (P < 0.001), significant correlations between the levels of IFN-γ and ST2 (P < 0.001) as well as between IL-13 and ST2 (P < 0.05) in the CLNs, and significant correlations between the levels of IL-1β and IL-33 in the eyes (P < 0.05) and between IL-1β and IL-33/ST2 in the CLNs (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). Our data indicated that IL-33/ST2 may involve the regulation of ocular immunopathology induced by T. gondii infection.

Immunogenicity of nuclear-encoded LTB:ST fusion protein from Escherichia coli expressed in tobacco plants.

PubMed

Rosales-Mendoza, Sergio; Soria-Guerra, Ruth E; Moreno-Fierros, Leticia; Govea-Alonso, Dania O; Herrera-Díaz, Areli; Korban, Schuyler S; Alpuche-Solís, Ángel G

2011-06-01

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the main causative agents of diarrhea in infants and for travelers. Inclusion of a heat-stable (ST) toxin into vaccine formulations is mandatory as most ETEC strains can produce both heat-labile (LT) and ST enterotoxins. In this study, a genetic fusion gene encoding for an LTB:ST protein has been constructed and transferred into tobacco via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic tobacco plants carrying the LTB:ST gene are then subjected to GM1-ELISA revealing that the LTB:ST has assembled into pentamers and displays antigenic determinants from both LTB and ST. Protein accumulation of up to 0.05% total soluble protein is detected. Subsequently, mucosal and systemic humoral responses are elicited in mice orally dosed with transgenic tobacco leaves. This has suggested that the plant-derived LTB:ST is immunogenic via the oral route. These findings are critical for the development of a plant-based vaccine capable of eliciting broader protection against ETEC and targeting both LTB and ST. Features of this platform in comparison to transplastomic approaches are discussed.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES IN THE 21ST CENTURY: PARADIGMS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES

EPA Science Inventory

In: Environmental Sciences in the 21st Century: Paradigms, Opportunities, and Challenges: Abstract Book: SETAC 21st Annual Meeting, 12-16 November 2000, Nashville, TN.. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Pensacola, FL. Pp. p. 180.

Bioavailability and rates...

Analysis and reconstructed modelling of the debris flow event of the 21st of July 2012 of St. Lorenzen (Styria, Austira)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janu, Stefan; Mehlhorn, Susanne; Moser, Markus

2013-04-01

Analysis and reconstructed modelling of the debris flow event of the 21st of July 2012 of St. Lorenzen (Styria, Austria) Authors: Stefan Janu, Susanne Mehlhorn, Markus Moser The village of St. Lorenzen, in the Styrian Palten valley is situated on the banks of the Lorenz torrent, in which a debris flow event occurred in the early morning hours of the 21st of July 2012, causing catastrophic damage to residential buildings and other infrastructural facilities. In the ministry-approved hazard zone map of 2009, the flood water discharge and bedload volume associated with a 150-year event was estimated at 34 m³/s and 25,000 m³ respectively for the 5.84 km² catchment area. The bedload transport capacity of the torrent was classified as ranging from 'heavy' to 'capable of producing debris flows'. The dominant process type of the mass movement event may be described as a fine-grained debris flow. The damage in the residential area of St.Lorenzen was caused by a debris flow pulse in the lower reach of the Lorenz torrent. This debris flow pulse was in turn caused by numerous landslides along the middle reaches of the torrent, some of which caused blockages, ultimately leading to an outburst event in the main torrent. Discharge cross-sections ranging from 65 - 90 m², and over 100 m² in a few instances, were measured upstream of the St. Lorenzen residential area. Back-calculations of velocities yielded an average debris flow velocity along the middle reaches of the torrent between 11 and 16 m/s. An average velocity of 9 m/s was calculated for the debris flow at the neck of the alluvial fan directly behind the center of the village. Due to both the high discharge values as well as to the height of the mass movement deposits, the natural hazard event of 21 July 2012 in St. Lorenzen is clearly to be described as having had an extreme intensity. A total of 67 buildings were damaged along the Lorenz torrent, 7 of were completely destroyed. According to the Austrian Service for

A 3000 yr paleostorm record from St. Catherines Island, Georgia

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braun, Erick; Meyer, Brian; Deocampo, Daniel; Kiage, Lawrence M.

2017-09-01

Tropical cyclones (hurricanes in the northern hemisphere) are amongst the most devastating of the world's natural disasters and cause billions of dollars in damage every year. Data on the likelihood of a coastal site being struck by a major hurricane strike can potentially aid in planning and mitigation efforts that could save money and lives. However, forecasting requires data that are currently insufficient for the Georgia Bight. This study provides information to enhance the paleohurricane record by analysis of a 467 cm thick vibracore raised from St. Catherines Island, GA. Sediment geochemistry and foraminiferal assemblages indicate deposits attributable to seven paleohurricane events, five of which were likely major hurricanes when they made landfall on St. Catherines. Magnitudes were estimated by comparison to the overwash deposit left by ;The Sea Islands hurricane of 1893;, a major hurricane recorded by the recent sediment of St. Catherines Island. The St. Catherines record also shows a change in the activity levels on the Georgia coast with two distinct activity regimes over the past 3000 years.

[ECG and ST-elevation myocardial infarction in multivessel coronary disease].

PubMed

Slavich, Gianaugusto; Spedicato, Leonardo; Poli, Stefano; Sappa, Roberta; Piccoli, Gianluca

2010-12-01

Percutaneous coronary intervention is the first-line treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. In the setting of multivessel disease, concomitant reperfusion of all obstructed vessels is controversial, notably when the culprit vessel cannot be easily identified. We describe two cases with acute inferior-posterior myocardial infarction (ST-segment elevation in the inferior leads and ST-segment depression in the precordial leads). In the first case, angiography revealed severe three-vessel disease and the culprit vessel could not be identified. Following standard pharmacological therapy, the clinical picture and the ECG pattern improved, so that coronary revascularization was postponed. In the second case, angiography showed two-vessel disease with total occlusion of the right coronary and left circumflex arteries, which was treated with coronary angioplasty and drug-eluting stent implantation on the right coronary artery. In patients who undergo coronary angioplasty immediately, careful reading of the ECG can be a reliable tool for the identification of the culprit vessel in ST-elevation myocardial infarction associated with multivessel disease, allowing to choose the appropriate reperfusion strategy.

ST3GAL1-Associated Transcriptomic Program in Glioblastoma Tumor Growth, Invasion, and Prognosis

PubMed Central

Chong, Yuk Kien; Sandanaraj, Edwin; Koh, Lynnette W. H.; Thangaveloo, Moogaambikai; Tan, Melanie S. Y.; Koh, Geraldene R. H.; Toh, Tan Boon; Lim, Grace G. Y.; Holbrook, Joanna D.; Kon, Oi Lian; Nadarajah, Mahendran; Ng, Ivan; Ng, Wai Hoe; Tan, Nguan Soon; Lim, Kah Leong

2016-01-01

Background: Cell surface sialylation is associated with tumor cell invasiveness in many cancers. Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor and is highly infiltrative. ST3GAL1 sialyltransferase gene is amplified in a subclass of glioblastomas, and its role in tumor cell self-renewal remains unexplored. Methods: Self-renewal of patient glioma cells was evaluated using clonogenic, viability, and invasiveness assays. ST3GAL1 was identified from differentially expressed genes in Peanut Agglutinin–stained cells and validated in REMBRANDT (n = 390) and Gravendeel (n = 276) clinical databases. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed upstream processes. TGFβ signaling on ST3GAL1 transcription was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcriptome analysis of ST3GAL1 knockdown cells was done to identify downstream pathways. A constitutively active FoxM1 mutant lacking critical anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome ([APC/C]-Cdh1) binding sites was used to evaluate ST3Gal1-mediated regulation of FoxM1 protein. Finally, the prognostic role of ST3Gal1 was determined using an orthotopic xenograft model (3 mice groups comprising nontargeting and 2 clones of ST3GAL1 knockdown in NNI-11 [8 per group] and NNI-21 [6 per group]), and the correlation with patient clinical information. All statistical tests on patients’ data were two-sided; other P values below are one-sided. Results: High ST3GAL1 expression defines an invasive subfraction with self-renewal capacity; its loss of function prolongs survival in a mouse model established from mesenchymal NNI-11 (P < .001; groups of 8 in 3 arms: nontargeting, C1, and C2 clones of ST3GAL1 knockdown). ST3GAL1 transcriptomic program stratifies patient survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.72 to 3.55, REMBRANDT P = 1.92x10-8; HR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.94 to 4.30, Gravendeel P = 1.05x10-11), independent of age and histology, and associates with higher tumor grade and T2 volume (P = 1.46x10

Clonal dissemination of multilocus sequence type ST15 KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Bulgaria.

PubMed

Markovska, Rumyana; Stoeva, Temenuga; Schneider, Ines; Boyanova, Lyudmila; Popova, Valentina; Dacheva, Daniela; Kaneva, Radka; Bauernfeind, Adolf; Mitev, Vanyo; Mitov, Ivan

2015-10-01

A total of 36 consecutive clinical and two fecal-screening carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from two Bulgarian university hospitals (Varna and Pleven) were investigated. Susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, and plasmid replicon typing were carried out. Beta-lactamases were characterized by isoelectric focusing, PCR, and sequencing. Clonal relatedness was investigated by RAPD and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Most of the isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance profile. Amikacin and tigecycline retained good activity with susceptibility rates of 95 and 87%, respectively. The resistance rate to colistin was 63%. Six RAPD- and MLST-types were identified: the dominating MLST-type was ST15 (27 isolates), followed by ST76 (six isolates), and ST1350 (two isolates). ST101, ST258, and ST151 were detected once. All except one of the K. pneumoniae produced KPC-2, mostly in combination with CTX-M-15, while for one isolate (ST101) the enzymes OXA-48 and CTX-M-14 were found. All KPC-2-producing transconjugants revealed the presence of IncFII plasmid. The OXA-48- and CTX-M-14-producing isolate showed the presence of L/M replicon type. The dissemination of KPC-2-producing K.pneumoniae in Bulgaria is mainly due to the sustained spread of successful ST15 clone and to a lesser extent of ST76 clone. This is the first report of OXA-48 producing ST101 K. pneumoniae in Bulgaria. © 2015 APMIS. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Soluble ST2 Plasma Concentrations Predict Mortality in HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

PubMed Central

Mo, Zhishuo; Zhu, Jianyun; Pang, Xiuqing; Wu, Zhebin; Wang, Ke; Li, Xinhua; Xie, Dongying; Gao, Zhiliang

2015-01-01

Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a rapidly progressing and frequently fatal condition. The aim of this study was to determine whether interleukin- (IL-) 33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) were associated with disease severity and mortality in HBV-ACLF. We found that plasma levels of sST2 but not IL-33 were higher in HBV-ACLF patients compared with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and healthy controls. However, plasma levels of IL-33, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 did not correlate with sST2 levels. Similarly, immunohistochemistry revealed low IL-33 expression and high ST2 expression in liver sections of patients with HBV-ACLF. Evaluation of dynamic changes of sST2 in HBV-ACLF showed that plasma sST2 levels increased over time in patients who died during the 180-day follow-up but decreased in those who survived. In addition, plasma sST2 level after week 1 correlated with disease severity, as assessed by total bilirubin, prothrombin time, and model for end-stage liver disease score. Results of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that higher sST2 concentration (≥87 ng/mL) at week 3 was associated with poor survival. These findings indicate the potential usefulness of sST2 as a predictor of disease severity and in making treatment decisions for patients with HBV-ACLF. PMID:25892854

Characterizing the Learning Curve of the VBLaST-PT© (Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skill Trainer)

PubMed Central

Zhang, Likun; Sankaranarayanan, Ganesh; Arikatla, Venkata Sreekanth; Ahn, Woojin; Grosdemouge, Cristol; Rideout, Jesse M.; Epstein, Scott K.; De, Suvranu; Schwaitzberg, Steven D.; Jones, Daniel B.; Cao, Caroline G.L.

2013-01-01

Background and study aim Mastering laparoscopic surgical skills requires considerable time and effort. The Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skill Trainer (VBLaST-PT©) is being developed as a computerized version of the peg transfer task of the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) system using virtual reality technology. We assessed the learning curve of trainees on the VBLaST-PT© using the cumulative summation (CUSUM) method and compared them with those on the FLS to establish convergent validity for the VBLaST-PT©. Methods Eighteen medical students from were assigned randomly to one of three groups: control, VBLaST-training and FLS-training. The VBLaST and the FLS groups performed a total of 150 trials of the peg-transfer task over a three week period, five days a week. Their CUSUM scores were computed based on pre-defined performance criteria (junior, intermediate and senior levels). Results Of the six subjects in the VBLaST-training group, five achieved at least the “junior” level, three achieved the “intermediate” level and one achieved the “senior” level of performance criterion by the end of the 150 trials. In comparison, for the FLS group, three students achieved the “senior” criterion and all six students achieved the “intermediate” and “junior” criteria by the 150th trials. Both the VBLaST-PT© and the FLS systems showed significant skill improvement and retention, albeit with system specificity as measured by transfer of learning in the retention test: The VBLaST-trained group performed better on the VBLaST-PT© than on FLS (p=0.003), while the FLS-trained group performed better on the FLS than on VBLaST-PT© (p=0.002). Conclusion We characterized the learning curve for a virtual peg transfer task on the VBLaST-PT© and compared it with the FLS using CUSUM analysis. Subjects in both training groups showed significant improvement in skill performance, but the transfer of training between systems was not significant. PMID:23572217

49. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

49. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms. Top of pier and underside of w end of turn span. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

47. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

47. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms. Latching mechanism, E end of turn span, viewed from W. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

48. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

48. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms Latching mechanism, E end of turn span, view from N. Sarcone Photography, Columbus, MS. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

NATURAL BIOATTENUATION OF TRICHLOROETHENE AT THE ST. JOSEPH, MICHIGAN SUPERFUND SITE

EPA Science Inventory

Data from the St. Joseph, Michigan, Superfund Site were used in a peer-reviewed video entitled "Natural Bioattenuation of Trichloroethene at the St. Joseph, Michigan Superfund Site." Computer visualizations of the data set show how trichloroethene, or TCE, can degrade under natu...

[Treatment and management after acute coronary syndrome without ST-elevation].

PubMed

Drogoul, Laurent; Scarlatti, Didier; Ferrari, Emile

2010-03-01

Coronary syndromes without ST elevation, previously known as unstable angina, are now more frequent than ST elevation myocardial infarction. Evidence-based studies should guide their management after hospital discharge. This management seeks to fulfill precise objectives and has been demonstrated to be effective in terms of survival. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Transformations in Air Transportation Systems For the 21st Century

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Holmes, Bruce J.

2004-01-01

Globally, our transportation systems face increasingly discomforting realities: certain of the legacy air and ground infrastructures of the 20th century will not satisfy our 21st century mobility needs. The consequence of inaction is diminished quality of life and economic opportunity for those nations unable to transform from the 20th to 21st century systems. Clearly, new thinking is required regarding business models that cater to consumers value of time, airspace architectures that enable those new business models, and technology strategies for innovating at the system-of-networks level. This lecture proposes a structured way of thinking about transformation from the legacy systems of the 20th century toward new systems for the 21st century. The comparison and contrast between the legacy systems of the 20th century and the transformed systems of the 21st century provides insights into the structure of transformation of air transportation. Where the legacy systems tend to be analog (versus digital), centralized (versus distributed), and scheduled (versus on-demand) for example, transformed 21st century systems become capable of scalability through technological, business, and policy innovations. Where air mobility in our legacy systems of the 20th century brought economic opportunity and quality of life to large service markets, transformed air mobility of the 21st century becomes more equitable available to ever-thinner and widely distributed populations. Several technological developments in the traditional aircraft disciplines as well as in communication, navigation, surveillance and information systems create new foundations for 21st thinking about air transportation. One of the technological developments of importance arises from complexity science and modern network theory. Scale-free (i.e., scalable) networks represent a promising concept space for modeling airspace system architectures, and for assessing network performance in terms of robustness

StAR Enhances Transcription of Genes Encoding the Mitochondrial Proteases Involved in Its Own Degradation

PubMed Central

Bahat, Assaf; Perlberg, Shira; Melamed-Book, Naomi; Lauria, Ines; Langer, Thomas

2014-01-01

Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) is essential for steroid hormone synthesis in the adrenal cortex and the gonads. StAR activity facilitates the supply of cholesterol substrate into the inner mitochondrial membranes where conversion of the sterol to a steroid is catalyzed. Mitochondrial import terminates the cholesterol mobilization activity of StAR and leads to mounting accumulation of StAR in the mitochondrial matrix. Our studies suggest that to prevent mitochondrial impairment, StAR proteolysis is executed by at least 2 mitochondrial proteases, ie, the matrix LON protease and the inner membrane complexes of the metalloproteases AFG3L2 and AFG3L2:SPG7/paraplegin. Gonadotropin administration to prepubertal rats stimulated ovarian follicular development associated with increased expression of the mitochondrial protein quality control system. In addition, enrichment of LON and AFG3L2 is evident in StAR-expressing ovarian cells examined by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, reporter studies of the protease promoters examined in the heterologous cell model suggest that StAR expression stimulates up to a 3.5-fold increase in the protease gene transcription. Such effects are StAR-specific, are independent of StAR activity, and failed to occur upon expression of StAR mutants that do not enter the matrix. Taken together, the results of this study suggest the presence of a novel regulatory loop, whereby acute accumulation of an apparent nuisance protein in the matrix provokes a mitochondria to nucleus signaling that, in turn, activates selected transcription of genes encoding the enrichment of mitochondrial proteases relevant for enhanced clearance of StAR. PMID:24422629

Do Southern Ocean Cloud Feedbacks Matter for 21st Century Warming?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Frey, W. R.; Maroon, E. A.; Pendergrass, A. G.; Kay, J. E.

2017-12-01

Cloud phase improvements in a state-of-the-art climate model produce a large 1.5 K increase in equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS, the surface warming in response to instantaneously doubled CO2) via extratropical shortwave cloud feedbacks. Here we show that the same model improvements produce only a small surface warming increase in a realistic 21st century emissions scenario. The small 21st century warming increase is attributed to extratropical ocean heat uptake. Southern Ocean mean-state circulation takes up heat while a slowdown in North Atlantic circulation acts as a feedback to slow surface warming. Persistent heat uptake by extratropical oceans implies that extratropical cloud biases may not be as important to 21st century warming as biases in other regions. Observational constraints on cloud phase and shortwave radiation that produce a large ECS increase do not imply large changes in 21st century warming.

St 2-22 - Another Symbiotic Star with High-Velocity Bipolar Jets

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tomov, T.; Zamanov, R.; Gałan, C.; Pietrukowicz, P.

2017-09-01

We report the detection of high-velocity components in the wings of Hα emission line in spectra of symbiotic binary star St 2-22 obtained in 2005. This finding encouraged us to start the present investigation in order to show that this poorly-studied object is a jet-producing system. We have used high-resolution optical and low-resolution near-infrared spectra, as well as available optical and infrared photometry, to evaluate some physical parameters of the St 2-22 components and characteristics of the jets. We confirm that St 2-22 is a S-type symbiotic star. Our results demonstrate that an unnoticed outburst, similar to those in classical symbiotic systems, occurred in the first half of 2005. During the outburst, collimated bipolar jets were ejected by the hot component of St 2-22 with an average velocity of about 1700 km/s.

Broadband SLED-based light source (BeST-SLEDTM) and spectrometer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yadid-Pecht, Orly; Dattner, Yonathan

2016-03-01

A small footprint, low power, cost effective single mode fiber coupled broadband light source and spectrometer is presented. It is based on Super Luminescent Diode (SLED) devices and a compact design enables coverage of the 1250 nm-1750 nm region with a total optical power of 50 mW at the output of the fiber. This Broad Spectrum Tunable Super Luminescent (BeST-SLEDTM) light source can operate at temperatures ranging from -40°C to 60°C, and resides in a custom designed 26-pin package. The fiber is a polarization maintaining fiber with a FC/APC connector at the output. Three variations of the BeST-SLEDTM were developed, BEST-SLED™ Bands, BeST-SLEDTM Tunable and BeST-SLEDTM FTNIR. In the Bands version six SLEDs were packaged allowing for one SLED on at a time or any combination of the SLEDs on. In the Tunable version an Acoustic Optical Tunable Filter (AOTF) was integrated into the package allowing the user to select one wavelength at a time to pass into the fiber with resolution of ~1 nm @1550nm. In the FTNIR version, a Silicon Photonic based interferometer (the Nano-SpecTM) was integrated into the package for a Fourier Transform Near Infrared based Spectrometer and light source. The BeST-SLEDTM is being used in process control applications such as steam quality measurements, oil in water, gas composition and air quality monitoring.

Drinking games and contextual factors of 21st birthday drinking.

PubMed

Neighbors, Clayton; Rodriguez, Lindsey M; Rinker, Dipali V; DiBello, Angelo M; Young, Chelsie M; Chen, Chun-Han

2014-09-01

21st birthday celebrations are among the highest risks for alcohol use throughout emerging adulthood and celebrants often experience a range of alcohol-related consequences. The present research considered what happens when drinking games are paired with an already high-risk event (i.e., 21st birthday celebrations) and how drinking games compare with other contextual factors on 21st birthdays. Approximately four days after turning 21, 1124 college students (55% women) completed an online survey assessing alcohol use and related consequences experienced during their birthday celebrations. Participants were also asked whether drinking games and other contextual factors were associated with their celebrations. Overall, 18% of participants reported playing drinking games during their 21st birthday celebrations. These individuals reported consuming more alcohol, had higher estimated BACs, and experienced more negative consequences than those who did not play drinking games. The association between playing drinking games and alcohol use and negative consequences was stronger for men. The effect of drinking games on negative consequences was mediated through elevated BAC levels. Receiving bar specials, having drinks purchased, playing drinking games, and loud music were uniquely and significantly associated with all alcohol outcomes. Together, these results suggest that drinking games are part of a larger context of risk contributing to extreme drinking on 21st birthdays. Furthermore, these results will help to facilitate interventions that are more individually tailored to target specific contextual risks, behaviors, and events.

78 FR 50098 - Notice of Inventory Completion: St. Joseph County Sheriff's Department, Centreville, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-16

....R50000] Notice of Inventory Completion: St. Joseph County Sheriff's Department, Centreville, MI AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The St. Joseph County Sheriff's Department has... control of these human remains should submit a written request to the St. Joseph County Sheriff's...

Promoting the 21st century scientific literacy skills through innovative chemistry instruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rahayu, Sri

2017-12-01

Students need to be equipped with the 21st century skills/capabilities to ensure their competitiveness in the knowledge era. So, it is imperative that education at school should be changed in order to fulfill the need. However, there is not any specified approach on how to educate young students for the 21st century capabilities. Regardless the impediment for ts exist, we need to construct an innovative instruction that can develop the students' 21st century skills by incorporating the skills needed, based on contemporary theory of learning, necessary context of learning and appropriate assessment in a chemistry subject matter. This paper discuss the feasible skills to be promoted through chemistry course. Those skills/capabilities are scientific literacy, higher order thinking, communicationand collaboration and curiosity. The promoted are called the 21st century scientific literacy skills in which it emphasis on scientific literacy and embedded the other 21st century skills into the innovative chemistry instruction. The elements involve in the instruction such as inquiry and constructivist approach, nature of science, contemporary/socioscientific issues, critical thinking (higher order thinking).

21st Century SOF: Toward an American Theory of Special Operations

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-01

century order. However, non-state actors can also pursue destructive ends that contribute to disorder and instability. It is worth noting that other...JS O U R ep o rt 13 -1 21st C en tu ry S O F: To w a rd a n A m erica n Th eo ry o f S p ecia l O p eratio n s Ya rger 21st Century ...21st Century SOF: Toward an American Theory of Special Operations 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d

Scientific reasons for a network of ST radars and cooperative campaigns

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Petitdidier, M.; Crochet, M.

1986-01-01

Due to their capabilities of measuring wind profiles in the troposphere and stratosphere with good time and height resolution, whatever the weather conditions, stratosphere-troposphere (ST) radars are well adapted to carry out atmospheric research in many fields as well as to fulfill the meteorological forecasting needs. Examples are presented from previous and future national or international campaigns planned in France. The ST radars were used first by themselves with the adjunction of radiosonde data. Then networks were built and used to get horizontal parameters. It appears that ST radar networks should naturally be included in cooperative campaigns.

Soluble ST2, a Modulator of the Inflammatory Response, in Preterm and Term Labor

PubMed Central

Stampalija, Tamara; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn; Romero, Roberto; Tarca, Adi L.; Bhatti, Gaurav; Chiang, Po Jen; Than, Nandor Gabor; Ferrazzi, Enrico; Hassan, Sonia S.; Yeo, Lami

2014-01-01

Objective Intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI) is causally linked with spontaneous preterm labor and delivery. The ST2L receptor and its soluble form (sST2) are capable of binding to interleukin (IL)-33, a member of the IL-1 superfamily. Members of this cytokine family have been implicated in the onset of spontaneous preterm labor in the context of infection. Soluble ST2 has anti-inflammatory properties, and plasma concentrations are elevated in systemic inflammation, such as sepsis, acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy and the fetal inflammatory response syndrome. The aims of this study were to examine: 1) whether amniotic fluid concentrations of sST2 change with IAI, preterm, and term parturition; and 2) if mRNA expression of ST2 in the chorioamniotic membranes changes with acute histologic chorioamnionitis in women who deliver preterm. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine amniotic fluid concentrations of sST2 in: 1) women with preterm labor (PTL) who delivered at term (n=49); 2) women with PTL who delivered preterm without IAI (n=21); 3) women with PTL who delivered preterm with IAI (n=31); 4) term pregnancies not in labor (n=13); and 5) term pregnancies in labor (n=43). The amniotic fluid concentration of sST2 was determined by ELISA. The mRNA expression of ST2 in the chorioamniotic membranes of women who delivered preterm with (n=24), and without acute histologic chorioamnionitis (n=19) was determined by qRT-PCR. Results 1) Patients with PTL who delivered preterm with IAI had a lower median amniotic fluid concentration of sST2 compared to those with PTL who delivered preterm without IAI [median 410 ng/mL, inter-quartile range (IQR) 152-699 ng/mL vs. median 825 ng/mL, IQR 493-1216 ng/mL; p=0.0003] and those with PTL who delivered at term [median 410 ng/mL, IQR 152-699 ng/mL vs. median 673 ng/mL, IQR 468-1045ng/mL; p=0.0003]; 2) no significant differences in the median amniotic fluid concentration of sST2 were observed between patients

Toxic compounds and health and reproductive effects in St. Lawrence Beluga Whales

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beland, P.; Michaud, R.; DeGuise, S.

1993-01-01

An epidemiologic study was carried out over a period of 9 years on an isolated population of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) residing in the St. Lawrence estuary (Quebec, Canada). More than 100 individual deaths were aged, and/or autopsied and analyzed for toxic compounds, and the population was surveyed for size and structure. Arctic belugas and other species of whales and seals from the St. Lawrence were used for comparison. Population dynamics: Population size appeared to be stable and modeling showed this stable pattern to result from low calf production and/or low survival to adulthood. Toxicology: St. Lawrence belugas had highermore » or much higher levels of mercury, lead, PCBs, DDT, Mirex, benzo[a]pyrene metabolites, equivalent levels of dioxins, furans, and PAH metabolites, and much lower levels of cadmium than Arctic belugas. In other St. Lawrence cetaceans, levels of PCBs and DDT were inversely related to body size, as resulting from differences in metabolic rate, diet, and trophic position, compounded by length of residence in the St. Lawrence basin. St. Lawrence belugas had much higher levels than predicted from body size alone; levels increased with age in both sexes, although unloading by females through the placenta and/or lactation was evidenced by overall lower levels in females and very high burdens in some calves. 45 refs., 4 figs., 5 tabs.« less

Emergence in Taiwan of novel imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ST455 causing bloodstream infection in critical patients.

PubMed

Lee, Hao-Yuan; Huang, Chih-Wei; Chen, Chyi-Liang; Wang, Yi-Hsin; Chang, Chee-Jen; Chiu, Cheng-Hsun

2015-12-01

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens worldwide. This study aimed to use multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for the epidemiological surveillance of A. baumannii isolates in Taiwan and analyze the clinical presentations and patients' outcome. MLST according to both Bartual's PubMLST and Pasteur's MLST schemes was applied to characterize bloodstream imipenem-resistant A. baumannii (IRAB) infection in intensive care units in a medical center. A total of 39 clinical IRAB bloodstream isolates in 2010 were enrolled. We also collected 13 imipenem-susceptible A. baumannii (ISAB) bloodstream isolates and 30 clinical sputum isolates (24 IRAB and 6 ISAB) for comparison. Clinical presentations and outcome of the patients were analyzed. We found that infection by ST455(B)/ST2(P) and inappropriate initial therapy were statistically significant risk factors for mortality. More than one-third of the IRAB isolates belonged to ST455(B)/ST2(P). Most ST455(B)/ST2(P) (80%) carried ISAba1-blaOXA-23, including 10 (66.7%) with Tn2006 (ISAba1-blaOXA-23-ISAba1) in an AbaR4-type resistance island. ST455(B)/ST2(P) appears to evolve from ST208(B)/ST2(P) of clonal complex (CC) 92(B)/CC2(P). In this hospital-based study, A. baumannii ST455 accounted for 38.5% of IRAB bacteremia, with a high mortality of 86.7%. Approximately 85% of ST455(B)/ST2(P)bacteremia had a primary source of ventilation-associated pneumonia. We report the emergence in Taiwan of IRAB ST455(B)/ST2(P), which is the current predominant clone of IRAB in our hospital and has been causing bacteremia with high mortality in critical patients. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

ST3GAL1-Associated Transcriptomic Program in Glioblastoma Tumor Growth, Invasion, and Prognosis.

PubMed

Chong, Yuk Kien; Sandanaraj, Edwin; Koh, Lynnette W H; Thangaveloo, Moogaambikai; Tan, Melanie S Y; Koh, Geraldene R H; Toh, Tan Boon; Lim, Grace G Y; Holbrook, Joanna D; Kon, Oi Lian; Nadarajah, Mahendran; Ng, Ivan; Ng, Wai Hoe; Tan, Nguan Soon; Lim, Kah Leong; Tang, Carol; Ang, Beng Ti

2016-02-01

Cell surface sialylation is associated with tumor cell invasiveness in many cancers. Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor and is highly infiltrative. ST3GAL1 sialyltransferase gene is amplified in a subclass of glioblastomas, and its role in tumor cell self-renewal remains unexplored. Self-renewal of patient glioma cells was evaluated using clonogenic, viability, and invasiveness assays. ST3GAL1 was identified from differentially expressed genes in Peanut Agglutinin-stained cells and validated in REMBRANDT (n = 390) and Gravendeel (n = 276) clinical databases. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed upstream processes. TGFβ signaling on ST3GAL1 transcription was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcriptome analysis of ST3GAL1 knockdown cells was done to identify downstream pathways. A constitutively active FoxM1 mutant lacking critical anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome ([APC/C]-Cdh1) binding sites was used to evaluate ST3Gal1-mediated regulation of FoxM1 protein. Finally, the prognostic role of ST3Gal1 was determined using an orthotopic xenograft model (3 mice groups comprising nontargeting and 2 clones of ST3GAL1 knockdown in NNI-11 [8 per group] and NNI-21 [6 per group]), and the correlation with patient clinical information. All statistical tests on patients' data were two-sided; other P values below are one-sided. High ST3GAL1 expression defines an invasive subfraction with self-renewal capacity; its loss of function prolongs survival in a mouse model established from mesenchymal NNI-11 (P < .001; groups of 8 in 3 arms: nontargeting, C1, and C2 clones of ST3GAL1 knockdown). ST3GAL1 transcriptomic program stratifies patient survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.72 to 3.55, REMBRANDT P = 1.92 x 10⁻⁸; HR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.94 to 4.30, Gravendeel P = 1.05 x 10⁻¹¹), independent of age and histology, and associates with higher tumor grade and T2 volume (P = 1.46 x 10⁻⁴). TGFβ signaling

21st Century Power Partnership: September 2016 Fellowship Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Reber, Timothy J.; Rambau, Prudence; Mdhluli, Sipho

This report details the 21st Century Power Partnership fellowship from September 2016. This Fellowship is a follow-up to the Technical Audit of Eskom's Medium- and Long-term Modelling Capabilities, conducted by U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in April 2016. The prospect and role of variable renewable energy (vRE) in South Africa poses new modelling-related challenges that Eskom is actively working to address by improving the fidelity of PLEXOS LT and ST models.

Space-time interface-tracking with topology change (ST-TC)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Takizawa, Kenji; Tezduyar, Tayfun E.; Buscher, Austin; Asada, Shohei

2014-10-01

To address the computational challenges associated with contact between moving interfaces, such as those in cardiovascular fluid-structure interaction (FSI), parachute FSI, and flapping-wing aerodynamics, we introduce a space-time (ST) interface-tracking method that can deal with topology change (TC). In cardiovascular FSI, our primary target is heart valves. The method is a new version of the deforming-spatial-domain/stabilized space-time (DSD/SST) method, and we call it ST-TC. It includes a master-slave system that maintains the connectivity of the "parent" mesh when there is contact between the moving interfaces. It is an efficient, practical alternative to using unstructured ST meshes, but without giving up on the accurate representation of the interface or consistent representation of the interface motion. We explain the method with conceptual examples and present 2D test computations with models representative of the classes of problems we are targeting.

Treatment of acute coronary syndrome: part 2: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Trost, Jeffrey C; Lange, Richard A

2012-06-01

Familiarize clinicians with recent information regarding the diagnosis and treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. PubMed search and review of relevant medical literature. Definition, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction are reviewed. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction benefit from prompt reperfusion therapy. Adjunctive antianginal, antiplatelet, antithrombotic, beta blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and statin agents minimize ongoing cardiac ischemia, prevent thrombus propagation, and reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.

[Observation on therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at Tianshu (ST 25) with deep needling technique on functional constipation].

PubMed

Wang, Cheng-Wei; He, Hong-Bo; Li, Ning; Wen, Qian; Liu, Zhi-Shun

2010-09-01

To probe into a better therapeutic method for functional constipation. Ninety-five cases of functional constipation were randomly divided into deep puncture at ST 25 group (48 cases), shallow puncture at ST 25 group (24 cases) and medication group (23 cases). In deep puncture at ST 25 group, Tianshu (ST 25) was punctured deeply to the peritoneum, with electric stimulation. In shallow puncture at ST 25 group, Tianshu (ST 25) was punctured shallowly, 5 mm beneath the skin, with electric stimulation. In medication group, Duphalac was administered orally. These cases were treated continuously for 4 weeks in 3 groups and followed up for 6 months. It was to observe the numbers of person who had defecation 4 times a week, difference in weekly defecation frequency and the difference in the Cleveland Clinic Score (CCS). In deep puncture at ST 25 group, the frequency of weekly defecation and the numbers of person who had defecation 4 times a week increased and CCS decreased, which were similar to the efficacy in shallow puncture at ST 25 group (all P > 0.05). But the efficacy of both ST 25 groups was superior to that in medication group (both P < 0.05). In comparison, the deep puncture at ST 25 group acted more quickly than either shallow puncture at ST 25 group or medication group and its efficacy remained much longer. The deep puncture at ST 25 with electric stimulation presents similar efficacy on functional constipation as shallow puncture at ST 25, but it acts more quickly than shallow puncture at ST 25, both of them are more advantageous than medication and the long-term efficacy is better.

77 FR 42642 - Safety Zone; City of Ogdensburg Fireworks, St. Lawrence River, Ogdensburg, NY

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

...-AA00 Safety Zone; City of Ogdensburg Fireworks, St. Lawrence River, Ogdensburg, NY AGENCY: Coast Guard... the St. Lawrence River, Ogdensburg, NY. This safety zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of the St. Lawrence River during the City of Ogdensburg Fireworks display. This temporary safety...

Phylogenetic-Derived Insights into the Evolution of Sialylation in Eukaryotes: Comprehensive Analysis of Vertebrate β-Galactoside α2,3/6-Sialyltransferases (ST3Gal and ST6Gal)

PubMed Central

Teppa, Roxana E.; Petit, Daniel; Plechakova, Olga; Cogez, Virginie; Harduin-Lepers, Anne

2016-01-01

Cell surface of eukaryotic cells is covered with a wide variety of sialylated molecules involved in diverse biological processes and taking part in cell–cell interactions. Although the physiological relevance of these sialylated glycoconjugates in vertebrates begins to be deciphered, the origin and evolution of the genetic machinery implicated in their biosynthetic pathway are poorly understood. Among the variety of actors involved in the sialylation machinery, sialyltransferases are key enzymes for the biosynthesis of sialylated molecules. This review focus on β-galactoside α2,3/6-sialyltransferases belonging to the ST3Gal and ST6Gal families. We propose here an outline of the evolutionary history of these two major ST families. Comparative genomics, molecular phylogeny and structural bioinformatics provided insights into the functional innovations in sialic acid metabolism and enabled to explore how ST-gene function evolved in vertebrates. PMID:27517905

The Secrets of St. Agnes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Janell

2006-01-01

This article reveals the disturbing truths uncovered by a retired biology professor about the past practices of a North Carolina hospital. In the 1990s, Irene Clark was a biology professor at St. Augustine's College, a historically Black college in Raleigh, North Carolina. One day, a janitor asked the native Virginian what she knew about the…

41st Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boesiger, Edward A. (Editor)

2012-01-01

The proceedings of the 41st Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium are reported. JPL hosted the conference, which was held in Pasadena Hilton, Pasadena, California on May 16-18, 2012. Lockheed Martin Space Systems cosponsored the symposium. Technology areas covered include gimbals and positioning mechanisms, components such as hinges and motors, CubeSats, tribology, and Mars Science Laboratory mechanisms.

Identification of extensive drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains: New clone ST1725 and high-risk clone ST233

PubMed Central

Aguilar-Rodea, Pamela; Zúñiga, Gerardo; Rodríguez-Espino, Benjamín Antonio; Olivares Cervantes, Alma Lidia; Gamiño Arroyo, Ana Estela; Moreno-Espinosa, Sarbelio; de la Rosa Zamboni, Daniela; López Martínez, Briceida; Castellanos-Cruz, María del Carmen; Parra-Ortega, Israel; Jiménez Rojas, Verónica Leticia; Vigueras Galindo, Juan Carlos; Velázquez-Guadarrama, Norma

2017-01-01

Several microorganisms produce nosocomial infections (NIs), among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa stands out as an opportunist pathogen with the capacity to develop multiresistance to first-choice antibiotics. From 2007 to 2013, forty-six NIs produced by P. aeruginosa were detected at a pediatric tertiary care hospital in Mexico with a significant mortality rate (17.39%). All isolates (n = 58/46 patients) were characterized by evaluating their response to several antibiotics as panresistant (PDR), extensively resistant (XDR), multiresistant (MDR) or sensitive (S). In addition, all isolates were typified through multilocus sequencing of seven genes: acsA, aroE, guaA, mutL, nuoD, ppsA and trpE. Furthermore, to establish the genetic relationships among these isolates, we carried out a phylogenetic inference analysis using maximum likelihood to construct a phylogenetic network. To assess evolutionary parameters, recombination was evaluated using the PHI test, and the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions was determined. Two of the strains were PDR (ST1725); 42 were XDR; four were MDR; and ten were S. Twenty-one new sequence types were detected. Thirty-three strains exhibited novel sequence type ST1725. The ratio of nonsynonym to synonym substitutions was 1:1 considering all genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genetic relationship of the PDR, XDR and MDR strains was mainly clonal; however, the PHI test and the phylogenetic network suggest that recombination events occurred to produce a non-clonal population. This study aimed not only to determine the genetic diversity of clinical P. aeruginosa but also to provide a warning regarding the identification and spreading of clone ST1725, its ability to cause outbreaks with high mortality rates, and to remain in the hospital environment for over seven years. These characteristics highlight the need to identify clonal outbreaks, especially where high resistance to most antibiotics is observed, and control

77 FR 41168 - Marine Mammals; Subsistence Taking of Northern Fur Seals; St. Paul Island

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-12

... Mammals; Subsistence Taking of Northern Fur Seals; St. Paul Island AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries... taking of northern fur seals on St. Paul Island. St. Paul's petition requests that NMFS revise the... seals; take a total of up to 3,000 fur seals annually compared to 2,000 currently allowed, including up...

76 FR 58110 - Safety Zone; Giannangeli Wedding Fireworks, Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Giannangeli Wedding Fireworks, Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI AGENCY: Coast... zone on Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI. This zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of Lake St. Clair during the Giannangeli Wedding Fireworks. DATES: This rule is effective and will be...

33 CFR 401.21 - Requirements for U.S. waters of the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... the St. Lawrence Seaway. 401.21 Section 401.21 Navigation and Navigable Waters SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY... Vessels § 401.21 Requirements for U.S. waters of the St. Lawrence Seaway. In addition to the requirements set forth elsewhere in these Regulations, vessels transiting the U.S. waters of the St. Lawrence...

76 FR 27251 - Safety Zone; Coughlin Wedding Fireworks, Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-05-11

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Coughlin Wedding Fireworks, Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI AGENCY: Coast Guard... Lake St. Clair, Harrison Township, MI. This safety zone is intended to restrict vessels from a portion of Lake St. Clair during the Coughlin Wedding Fireworks. DATES: This rule is effective from 10 p.m...

Characterization of soybean protein hydrolysates able to promote the proliferation of Streptococcus thermophilus ST.

PubMed

Hongfei, Zhao; Fengling, Bai; Fang, Zhou; Walczak, Piotr; Xiangning, Jiang; Bolin, Zhang

2013-04-01

How soybean protein hydrolysates (SPHs) to favor the growth of S. thermophilus ST were investigated. Hydrolyzed soybean protein was fractionated to 4 fragments, that is, SPH-I, SPH-II, SPH-III, and SPH-IV according to their molecular weight sizes. SPHs can improve the growth of strain ST, in which SPH-IV, with the molecular weight of less than 5 kD, significantly promoted the growth of strain ST. The cell counts of strain ST grew quickly from 7.71 to 9.78 (log CFU/mL) when the concentrations of SPH-IV ranging from 0% to 1%. Moreover, 2 chemically defined media (CDMs) were used to test their roles in maintaining the viability of strain ST. CDMs only maintained the survival of strain ST, but SPH-IV had the promotional effects on proliferation of the bacteria. SPH-IV was further characterized to be oligopeptides that contain 2 to 8 amino acids and free amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. The amino acid compositions showed that SPH-IV contained more essential amino acids, which were necessary for the growth of S. thermophilus ST. Clearly, SPH-IV could be used as an exogenous nitrogen supplement to enhance the proliferation of S. thermophilus ST and other lactic acid bacteria, and the data from small scale-up fermentation also supported this point. © 2013 Institute of Food Technologists®

Kinesiology Faculty for the 21st Century: Steping into the Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DePauw, Karen P.

2014-01-01

Kinesiology faculty for the 21st century was one of the featured strands of the 2014 NAKHE Collaborative Congress: "STEPS into the future: Exploring opportunities and facing the challenges for the 21st century." Following a brief introduction delegates were assigned to discussion groups with conversations focused around six…

Flagstaff Robotic Survey Telescope (FRoST): Rapid Response for NEOs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Avner, Louis Daniel; Trilling, David E.; Dunham, Edward W.

2016-10-01

The Flagstaff Robotic Survey Telescope (FRoST) is a robotic 0.6m Schmidt telescope that will be used for instant follow-up observations of newly discovered Near Earth Objects (NEOs). Here, we present the progress being made on FRoST as well as the remaining tasks until the telescope is fully operational. With more than one thousand NEOs being found yearly, more telescopes are needed to carry out follow-up observations. Most NEOs are found at their peak brightness, meaning that these observations need to happen quickly before they fade. By using the Catalina Sky Survey Queue Manager, FRoST will be able to accept interruptions during the night and prioritize observations automatically, allowing instant follow-up observations. FRoST will help refine the orbit of these newly discovered objects while providing optical colors. We will ingest information from the NEOCP and JPL's Scout program at five minute intervals and observe newly discovered targets robotically, process the data automatically, and autonomously generate astrometry and colors. We estimate that will we provide essentially 100% recovery of objects brighter than V~20. This work was supported by the NSF MRI program as well as by NAU and Lowell Observatory.

[Effect of moxa-burning heat stimulating Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) on proliferation and apoptosis signaling proteins in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer].

PubMed

Peng, Li; Wang, Yadong; Chang, Xiaorong; Wu, Huangan; Liu, Mi; Wang, Hong; Chen, Jiaolong; Wang Chao; Quan, Renfu; Yang, Zongbao

2016-06-01

To observe the effect of moxa-burning heat stimulating acupoints of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) on the proliferation and apoptosis signaling proteins in rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (NC), ulcer control (UC), acupoints of stomach meridian (ASM), and acupoints control (AC). The acute gastric ulcer model was established by bound and water immersion. Rats in NC and UC groups didn't receive any moxa-burning heat stimulating treatment, while rats in ASM and AC groups were treated with buringmoxa heat stimulating the acupoints of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) and their controlled points, respectively. Rats in all groups were sacrificed after 12 consecutive days treatment. The ulcer index was evaluated by using Guth's method. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), apoptotic protease activating facter-1 (Apaf-1), Caspase-3, p21 activated kinase 1 (PAK1), extracellular regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2), phosphorylated ERK2 (pERK2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt) in gastric mucosa was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with UC group, the ulcer index of ASM and AC groups decreased, and the injured gastric mucosa was improved, the expression of TNF-α, Apaf-1 and Caspase-3 in gastric mucosa was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the expression of PAK1, ERK2, pERK2, PI3K and Akt in gastric mucosa was significantly increased (P < 0.05). And ASM showed better effect than AC group (P < 0.05). Moxa-burning Heat stimulating of Liangmen (ST 21) and Zusanli (ST 36) could promote the recovery of gastric mucosal lesion probably by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation in stress-induced gastric ulcer.

Historical and Projected Surface Temperature over India during the 20th and 21st century.

PubMed

Basha, Ghouse; Kishore, P; Ratnam, M Venkat; Jayaraman, A; Agha Kouchak, Amir; Ouarda, Taha B M J; Velicogna, Isabella

2017-06-07

Surface Temperature (ST) over India has increased by ~0.055 K/decade during 1860-2005 and follows the global warming trend. Here, the natural and external forcings (e.g., natural and anthropogenic) responsible for ST variability are studied from Coupled Model Inter-comparison phase 5 (CMIP5) models during the 20 th century and projections during the 21 st century along with seasonal variability. Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and Land Use (LU) are the major factors that gave rise to warming during the 20 th century. Anthropogenic Aerosols (AA) have slowed down the warming rate. The CMIP5 projection over India shows a sharp increase in ST under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 where it reaches a maximum of 5 K by the end of the 21 st century. Under RCP2.6 emission scenarios, ST increases up to the year 2050 and decreases afterwards. The seasonal variability of ST during the 21 st century shows significant increase during summer. Analysis of rare heat and cold events for 2080-2099 relative to a base period of 1986-2006 under RCP8.5 scenarios reveals that both are likely to increase substantially. However, by controlling the regional AA and LU change in India, a reduction in further warming over India region might be achieved.

The Role of the School District toward Preparing Students for the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aguilar-Torres, Gloria

2010-01-01

This dissertation reflects the outcomes of a small school district that is successfully incorporating 21st century skills with the demands set forth by our current educational policy, No Child Left Behind. Considerations regarding globalization, future work force and work skills, definition of 21st century skills, supporting 21st century skills in…

46 CFR 45.183 - Load line requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Load line requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon... requirements for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes. (a) Load line certificate. (1) The load line issued under... certificate is valid for the St. Joseph and Muskegon routes, and intermediate ports. However, operators must...

In Vitro Evaluation of Beneficial Properties of Bacteriocinogenic Lactobacillus plantarum ST8Sh.

PubMed

Todorov, Svetoslav Dimitrov; Holzapfel, Wilhelm; Nero, Luis Augusto

2017-06-01

Lactobacillus plantarum ST8Sh, isolated from Bulgarian salami "shpek" and previously characterized as bacteriocin producer, was evaluated for its beneficial properties. Based on the PCR analysis, Lb. plantarum ST8Sh was shown to host a gene related to the production of adhesion proteins such as Mab, Mub, EF, and PrgB. Genetic and physiological tests suggest Lb. plantarum ST8Sh to represent a potential probiotic candidate, including survival in the presence of low levels of pH and high levels of ox bile, production of β-galactosidase, bile salt deconjugation, high level of hydrophobicity, functional auto- and co-aggregation properties, and adhesion to cell lines. Application of semi-purified bacteriocin produced by Lb. plantarum ST8Sh in combination with ciprofloxacin presented synergistic effect on inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A. Based on observed properties, Lb. plantarum ST8Sh can be considered as a potential probiotic candidate with additional bacteriocinogenic properties.

Transient ST segment depression during Holter monitoring: how to avoid false positive findings.

PubMed

Völler, H; Andresen, D; Brüggemann, T; Jereczek, M; Becker, B; Schröder, R

1992-09-01

To increase the specificity of 24-hour Holter monitoring in detecting transient myocardial ischemia, we separated genuine ST deviations from those dependent on artifacts by adding a detailed shape analysis of real-time printouts to the usual criteria of significant ST segment depression. We screened 116 apparently healthy subjects; 31 had to be excluded, because of pathologic findings in preliminary examinations. The remaining 85 (49 women and 36 men; mean age, 43.1 years) underwent Holter monitoring for assessment of the extent, frequency, and duration of episodes of horizontal and descending ST segment depression of at least 0.1 mV that persisted for at least 60 msec after the J point and that were at least 1 minute apart. On the basis of these criteria, six subjects (7.1%) showed 24 episodes of horizontal or descending ST segment depression with a mean of 0.2 mV (range, 0.15 to 0.25 mV), a frequency of four episodes per 24 hours (one to nine), and a duration of 12.2 minutes (range 3-range 41 minutes). Supplementary criteria--e.g., sudden onset of ST segment depression, identical orientation of PQ and ST segments, or simultaneous increase in R and P wave amplitude--made it possible to identify ST changes caused by artifacts in four volunteers. In only two subjects (2.4%) could true silent ischemia not be differentiated from false positive results. Thus consideration of only the extent, frequency, and duration of episodes does not permit a differentiation between true silent ischemia and false positive results. A supplementary shape analysis increases the specificity of ST segment analysis in detecting transient myocardial ischemia during 24-hour Holter monitoring.

33 CFR 80.753 - St. Petersburg, FL to the Anclote, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false St. Petersburg, FL to the Anclote, FL. 80.753 Section 80.753 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY INTERNATIONAL NAVIGATION RULES COLREGS DEMARCATION LINES Gulf Coast § 80.753 St. Petersburg, FL to...

33 CFR 80.750 - Sanibel Island, FL to St. Petersburg, FL.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sanibel Island, FL to St. Petersburg, FL. 80.750 Section 80.750 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... St. Petersburg, FL. (a) A line formed by the centerline of the highway bridge over Blind Pass...

21st-Century Schools and School Leadership: Creating and Sustaining Innovation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Butler, Victoria Lee

2016-01-01

As schools move from more traditional educational curricula and systems to practices more innovative and relevant to 21st-century learning, it is necessary to understand the actions and attributes that are effective for creating innovative learning environments. This study explored how 21st-century learning environments and practices are…

Testing for Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure Patients: Reliability of a Point of Care Method.

PubMed

Gruson, Damien; Ferracin, Benjamin; Ahn, Sylvie A; Rousseau, Michel F

2017-01-01

Our objective was to determine soluble ST2 (sST2) concentrations in heart failure (HF) patients with a point-of-care (POCT) assay. sST2 levels were measured in 71 HF patients with both POCT and ELISA methods. The concentrations of sST2 were correlated to HF severity and to some established biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. sST2 levels measured with the ASPECT-PLUS POCT method were significantly correlated with the comparison ELISA assay (r = 0.94, p < 0.01) and were related to HF severity. Levels of sST2 measured with the POCT assay were significantly correlated to NT-proBNP (r = 0.57, p < 0.001), BNP (r = 0.75, p < 0.001), Galectin-3 (r = 0.40, p < 0.01) and PTH (1-84) (r = 0.39, p < 0.01). POCT and ELISA methods for sST2 testing were significantly correlated, and our results confirmed also the clinical reliability of the sST2 POCT assay. Furthermore, the POCT method allows a faster delivery of results to physicians.

Specification For ST-5 Li Ion Battery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Castell, Karen D.; Day, John H. (Technical Monitor)

2000-01-01

This Specification defines the general requirements for rechargeable Space Flight batteries intended for use in the ST-5 program. The battery chemistry chosen for this mission is lithium ion (Li-Ion).

National survey of cardiologists' standard of practice for continuous ST-segment monitoring.

PubMed

Sandau, Kristin E; Sendelbach, Sue; Frederickson, Joel; Doran, Karen

2010-03-01

Continuous ST-segment monitoring can be used to detect early and transient cardiac ischemia. The American Heart Association and American Association of Critical-Care Nurses recommend its use among specific patients, but such monitoring is routine practice in only about half of US hospitals. To determine cardiologists' awareness and practice standards regarding continuous ST-segment monitoring and the physicians' perceptions of appropriate patient selection, benefits and barriers, and usefulness of this technology. An electronic survey was sent to a random sample of 915 US cardiologists from a pool of 4985 certified cardiologists. Of 200 responding cardiologists, 55% were unaware of the consensus guidelines. Of hospitals where respondents admitted patients, 49% had a standard of practice for using continuous ST-segment monitoring for cardiac patients. Most cardiologists agreed or strongly agreed that patients in the cardiovascular laboratory (87.5%) and intensive care unit (80.5%) should have such monitoring. Cardiologists routinely ordered ST monitoring for patients with acute coronary syndrome (67%) and after percutaneous coronary intervention (60%). The primary factor associated with higher perceptions for benefits, clinical usefulness, and past use of continuous ST-segment monitoring was whether or not hospitals in which cardiologists practiced had a standard of practice for using this monitoring. A secondary factor was awareness of published consensus guidelines for such monitoring. Respondents (55%) were unaware of published monitoring guidelines. Hospital leaders could raise awareness by multidisciplinary review of evidence and possibly incorporating continuous ST-segment monitoring into hospitals' standards of practice.

The GEOSS Science and Technology Stakeholder Network and Service Suite: Linking S&T Communities and GEOSS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plag, Hans-Peter; Jules-Plag, Shelley

2015-04-01

The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) developed by the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) aims to provide practice-relevant knowledge in support of decision making in a wide range of societal benefit areas. Generating this practice-relevant knowledge based on Earth observations, socio-economic data and models often depends on research, and utilization of the societal benefits of EOs requires the involvement of science and research communities. Building a GEOSS responding to the needs of a wide range of users necessitates contributions from many science and technology (S&T) communities. In particular, a strong engagement of science and technology (S&T) communities in both the development and use of GEOSS is necessary to address the complex issues associated with the on-going transition out of the Holocene. S&T support is needed to improve interoperability between global observing, modeling, and information systems; to enable data integration across disciplinary boundaries; to facilitate data sharing, archiving, dissemination, and reanalysis; to optimize the recording of observations, assimilation of data into models, and generation of data products; to enhance the value of observations from individual observing systems through their integration in the SBAs; and to harmonize well-calibrated, highly accurate, stable, sustained in-situ and satellite observations of the same variable recorded by different sensors and different agencies. Consequently, the GEO Work Plan includes several Tasks focusing on outreach to S&T communities, and most of the GEO Community of Practice have a strong S&T component. The GEOSS S&T Stakeholder Network facilitates input from S&T communities to GEO. Infrastructure serving and linking S&T users communities and GEOSS has been developed and is integrated into a GEOSS S&T Service Suite (GSTSS). The GSTSS has several outreach components for the demonstration of GEOSS and its value for S&T communities, and for services supporting

Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

del Moral, R.; Magnússon, B.

2014-04-01

Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated but very different volcanoes. Permanent plots allow for comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates from structure development, species composition using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), changes in Euclidean distance (ED) of DCA vectors, and by principal components analysis (PCA) of DCA. On Surtsey, rates determined from DCA trajectory analyses decreased as follows: gull colony on lava with sand > gull colony on lava, no sand ≫ lava with sand > sand spit > block lava > tephra. On Mount St. Helens, plots on lahar deposits near woodlands were best developed. The succession rates of open meadows declined as follows: Lupinus-dominated pumice > protected ridge with Lupinus > other pumice and blasted sites > isolated lahar meadows > barren plain. Despite the prominent contrasts between the volcanoes, we found several common themes. Isolation restricted the number of colonists on Surtsey and to a lesser degree on Mount St. Helens. Nutrient input from outside the system was crucial. On Surtsey, seabirds fashioned very fertile substrates, while on Mount St. Helens wind brought a sparse nutrient rain, then Lupinus enhanced fertility to promote succession. Environmental stress limits succession in both cases. On Surtsey, bare lava, compacted tephra and infertile sands restrict development. On Mount St. Helens, exposure to wind and infertility slow succession.

Surtsey and Mount St. Helens: a comparison of early succession rates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

del Moral, R.; Magnússon, B.

2013-12-01

Surtsey and Mount St. Helens are celebrated, but very different volcanoes. Permanent plots allow comparisons that reveal mechanisms that control succession and its rate and suggest general principles. We estimated rates from structure development, species composition using detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), changes in Euclidean distance (ED) of DCA vectors and by principal components analysis (PCA) of DCA. On Surtsey, rates determined from DCA trajectory analyses decreased as follows: gull colony on lava with sand > gull colony on lava, no sand ≫ lava with sand > sand spit > block lava > tephra. On Mount St. Helens, plots on lahar deposits near woodlands were best developed. The succession rates of open meadows declined as follows: Lupinus-dominated pumice > protected ridge with Lupinus > other pumice and blasted sites > isolated lahar meadows > barren plain. Despite the prominent contrasts between the volcanoes, common themes were revealed. Isolation restricted the number of colonists on Surtsey and to a lesser degree on Mount St. Helens. Nutrient input from outside the system was crucial. On Surtsey, seabirds fashioned very fertile substrates, while on Mount St. Helens wind brought a sparse nutrient rain, then Lupinus enhanced fertility to promote succession. Environmental stress limits succession in both cases. On Surtsey, bare lava, compacted tephra and infertile sands restrict development. On Mount St. Helens, exposure to wind and infertility slow succession.

Mice lacking sialyltransferase ST3Gal-II develop late-onset obesity and insulin resistance

PubMed Central

Lopez, Pablo HH; Aja, Susan; Aoki, Kazuhiro; Seldin, Marcus M; Lei, Xia; Ronnett, Gabriele V; Wong, G William; Schnaar, Ronald L

2017-01-01

Sialyltransferases are a family of 20 gene products in mice and humans that transfer sialic acid from its activated precursor, CMP-sialic acid, to the terminus of glycoprotein and glycolipid acceptors. ST3Gal-II (coded by the St3gal2 gene) transfers sialic acid preferentially to the three positions of galactose on the Galβ1-3GalNAc terminus of gangliosides GM1 and GD1b to synthesize GD1a and GT1b, respectively. Mice with a targeted disruption of St3gal2 unexpectedly displayed late-onset obesity and insulin resistance. At 3 months of age, St3gal2-null mice were the same weight as their wild type (WT) counterparts, but by 13 months on standard chow they were visibly obese, 22% heavier and with 37% greater fat/lean ratio than WT mice. St3gal2-null mice became hyperglycemic and displayed impaired glucose tolerance by 9 months of age. They had sharply reduced insulin responsiveness despite equivalent pancreatic islet morphology. Analyses of insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase substrate IRS-1 and downstream target Akt revealed decreased insulin-induced phosphorylation in adipose tissue but not liver or skeletal muscle of St3gal2-null mice. Thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry revealed altered ganglioside profiles in the adipose tissue of St3gal2-null mice compared to WT littermates. Metabolically, St3gal2-null mice display a reduced respiratory exchange ratio compared to WT mice, indicating a preference for lipid oxidation as an energy source. Despite their altered metabolism, St3gal2-null mice were hyperactive. We conclude that altered ganglioside expression in adipose tissue results in diminished IR sensitivity and late-onset obesity. PMID:27683310

33 CFR 165.770 - Security Zone: HOVENSA Refinery, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. 165.770 Section 165.770 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... § 165.770 Security Zone: HOVENSA Refinery, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. (a) Regulated area. The Coast Guard is establishing a security zone in and around the HOVENSA Refinery on the south coast of St. Croix...

33 CFR 165.766 - Security Zone: HOVENSA Refinery, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

..., St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. 165.766 Section 165.766 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD... § 165.766 Security Zone: HOVENSA Refinery, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. (a) Regulated area. The Coast Guard is establishing a security zone in and around the HOVENSA Refinery on the south coast of St. Croix...

46 CFR 401.405 - Basic rates and charges on the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Basic rates and charges on the St. Lawrence River and... § 401.405 Basic rates and charges on the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario. Except as provided in.... registered pilots in the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario. (a) Area 1 (Designated Waters): Service St...

MSR performance enhancements and modifications at St. Lucie Power Plant

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rubano, V.F.; Ugelow, A.G.; Menocal, A.G.

1989-01-01

The St. Lucie Power Plant provides an excellent historical prospective on various moisture separator/reheater improvements. Between the two essentially identical units there is a total of 14 years of operating experience with various moisture separator/reheater configurations, with a combination of four different heat transfer surfaces and three moisture removal configurations. Through various modifications and enhancements, the performance and the reliability of the moisture separator/reheaters at the St. Lucie Power Plant and consequently the overall plant performance has been improved. This improvement has taken place over several years and involves changes in both the heat transfer and moisture removal areas. Thismore » paper provides an overview of the history and description of moisture separator/reheater modifications at the St. Lucie Power Plant with the resulting performance improvements.« less

St. Laurent Construction Co., Inc. Information Sheet

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

St. Laurent Construction Co., Inc. (the Company) is located in Nashua, New Hampshire. The settlement involves renovation activities conducted at properties constructed prior to 1978, located in Merrimack and Nashua, New Hampshire.

Minimal pneumothorax with dynamic changes in ST segment similar to myocardial infarction.

PubMed

Yeom, Seok-Ran; Park, Sung-Wook; Kim, Young-Dae; Ahn, Byung-Jae; Ahn, Jin-Hee; Wang, Il-Jae

2017-08-01

Pneumothorax can cause a variety of electrocardiographic changes. ST segment elevation, which is mainly observed in myocardial infarction, can also be induced by pneumothorax. The mechanism is presumed to be a decrease in cardiac output, due to increased intra-thoracic pressure. We encountered a patient with ST segment elevation with minimal pneumothorax. Coronary angiography with ergonovine provocation test and echocardiogram had normal findings. The ST segment elevation was normalized by decreasing the amount of pneumothorax. We reviewed the literature and present possible mechanisms for this condition. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Adult Enrichment Learners in St. Cloud, Minnesota: Motivational Reasons for Participation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallner, Scott David

2012-01-01

The purpose of the study was to identify reasons and motivation of adult stakeholders that influence participation in adult community education enrichment classes in the St. Cloud Public School District, St. Cloud, Minnesota. The study also examined the perceptions about adult learners held by leaders, planners, and facilitators of these programs,…

33 CFR 117.261 - Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway from St. Marys River to Key Largo.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... from St. Marys River to Key Largo. 117.261 Section 117.261 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD....261 Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway from St. Marys River to Key Largo. (a) General. Public vessels of..., mile 777.9 at St. Augustine. The draw shall open on signal; except that, from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. the draw...

Fecal coliform and Escherichia coli bacteria in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, Summer 1999

USGS Publications Warehouse

Kroening, Sharon E.

1999-01-01

Fecal coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations were determined in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway to assess whether pathogenic organisms pose a potential problem for recreational use. Samples were collected from May through September 1999 at 22 locations on the St. Croix and Namekagon Rivers. No concentrations exceeded water-quality criteria or standards set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or the states of Minnesota and Wisconsin. Maximum fecal coliform and E. coli concentrations were measured in the St. Croix River at St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin. Median fecal coliform and E. coli concentrations were greater in the St. Croix River near Woodland Corner, Wisconsin, and at Marine on St. Croix, Minnesota than at other locations sampled. There were no consistent short-term variations in fecal coliform or E. coli concentrations during the summer period or any significant relations between concentrations and stream discharge, based on these results.

The 31st Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Foster, C. L. (Compiler); Boesiger, E. A. (Compiler)

1997-01-01

The proceedings of the 31st Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium are reported. Topics covered include: robotics, deployment mechanisms, bearings, actuators, scanners, boom and antenna release, and test equipment. A major focus is the reporting of problems and solutions associated with the development and flight certification of new mechanisms.

Assessment of St. Louis Land Bank

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

The St. Louis Land Bank, established in 1971, is the oldest in the country and manages over 12,000 vacant properties in the city. Land banks are operated by local governments to manage properties that have little to no value to private parties with the goa

The Effect of Artificial Aging on the Tensile Properties of Alclad 24S-T and 24S-T Aluminum Alloy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kotanchik, Joseph N.; Woods, Walter; Zender, George W.

1943-01-01

An experimental study was made to determine the effect of artificial aging on the tensile properties of alclad 24S-T and 24S-T aluminum-alloy sheet material. The results of the tests show that certain combinations of aging time and temperature cause a marked increase in the yield strength and a small increase in the ultimate strength; these increases are accompanied by a very large decrease in elongation. A curve is presented that shows the maximum yield strengths that can be obtained by aging this material at various combinations of time and temperature. The higher values of yield stress are obtained in material aged at relatively longer times and lower temperatures.

ST2249-MRSA-III: a second major recombinant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone causing healthcare infection in the 1970s.

PubMed

Nimmo, G R; Steen, J A; Monecke, S; Ehricht, R; Slickers, P; Thomas, J C; Appleton, S; Goering, R V; Robinson, D A; Coombs, G W

2015-05-01

Typing of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Australia in the 1970s revealed a novel clone, ST2249-MRSA-III (CC45), present from 1973 to 1979. This clone was present before the Australian epidemic caused by the recombinant clone, ST239-MRSA-III. This study aimed to characterize the genome of ST2249-MRSA-III to establish its relationship to other MRSA clones. DNA microarray analysis was conducted and a draft genome sequence of ST2249 was obtained. The recombinant structure of the ST2249 genome was revealed by comparisons to publicly available ST239 and ST45 genomes. Microarray analysis of genomic DNA of 13 ST2249 isolates showed gross similarities with the ST239 chromosome in a segment around the origin of replication and with ST45 for the remainder of the chromosome. Recombination breakpoints were precisely determined by the changing pattern of nucleotide polymorphisms in the genome sequence of ST2249 isolate SK1585 compared with ST239 and ST45. One breakpoint was identified to the right of oriC, between sites 1014 and 1065 of the gene D484_00045. Another was identified to the left of oriC, between sites 1185 and 1248 of D484_01632. These results indicate that ST2249 inherited approximately 35.3% of its chromosome from an ST239-like parent and 64.7% from an ST45-like parent. ST2249-MRSA-III resulted from a major recombination between parents that resemble ST239 and ST45. Although only limited Australian archival material is available, the oldest extant isolate of ST2249 predates the oldest Australian isolate of ST239 by 3 years. It is therefore plausible that these two recombinant clones were introduced into Australia separately. Copyright © 2015 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fact Sheets and Letter to Residents: St. Louis Park Vapor Intrusion Site

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Fact Sheets and letters to residents related to the St. Louis Park Vapor Intrusion site. Samples of ground water taken in St. Louis Park in 2005 and 2006 by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency were found to contain volatile organic compounds, VOCs.

Evaluation of the yield, molar mass of exopolysaccharides, and rheological properties of gels formed during fermentation of milk by Streptococcus thermophilus strains St-143 and ST-10255y.

PubMed

Khanal, Som N; Lucey, John A

2017-09-01

The yield and chemical structures of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by many strains of Streptococcus thermophilus have been characterized. However, the kinetics (or production profile) for EPS during milk fermentation is not clear. In this study, we investigated whether any differences existed in the yield and molar mass of EPS when milk was fermented at the same acidification rate by 2 strains of S. thermophilus (St-143 and ST-10255y). The type of EPS produced by these 2 strains is different. Milk samples were analyzed for EPS concentration every 30 min during a fermentation period of 270 min (final pH 4.5) by using a modified quantification method, which was faster and validated for its recovery of added EPS. Rheological properties of milks during fermentation were also analyzed using small-strain dynamic oscillatory rheology. For the determination of molar mass, EPS extracts were isolated by ultrafiltration of whey obtained during fermentation of milk to pH values 5.2, 4.9, 4.7, and 4.5, and molar mass was analyzed using size-exclusion chromatography-multi-angle laser light scattering. During fermentation, both strains appeared to start producing significant amounts of EPS after about ∼150 min, which corresponded to pH ∼5.3, which was close to the point of gelation. During the remainder of the fermentation process (150-270 min), the EPS concentration from strains St-143 and ST-10255y significantly increased from 30 to 72 mg/L and from 26 to 56 mg/L, respectively. The quantity of EPS recovered by our modified method was estimated to represent ∼60% of the total EPS added to milk. The molar mass of EPS produced by both strains appeared to slightly decrease during fermentation. At pH 5.2, EPS from St-143 and ST-10255y had molar masses of 2.9 × 10 6 and 1.4 × 10 6 g/mol, respectively, which decreased to 1.6 × 10 6 and 0.8 × 10 6 g/mol, respectively, when the pH of milk was 4.5. Distinct differences were apparent in the rheological properties of gels

Strategies for designing an efficient insurance fertility benefit: a 21st century approach.

PubMed

Jones, Howard W; Allen, Brian D

2009-06-01

Creating a 21st century insurance benefit for infertility should be cost effective. Savings can be realized by eliminating hidden infertility costs, eliminating payments for ineffective treatments, and providing coverage for effective 21st century treatments, thus reducing costs associated with iatrogenic multiple pregnancies. The new benefit allows patients to attempt 21st century forms of infertility treatments while being managed by certified infertility providers. Industry and insurance carriers might save money by examination and implementation of this concept.

78 FR 57063 - Special Local Regulations; Jacksonville Dragon Boat Festival; St. Johns River; Jacksonville, FL

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-17

... 1625-AA08 Special Local Regulations; Jacksonville Dragon Boat Festival; St. Johns River; Jacksonville... Special Local Regulation on the waters of the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida during the... portion of the St. Johns River. Non-participant persons and vessels will be prohibited from entering or...

76 FR 21939 - Noise Exposure Map; Receipt of Noise Compatibility Program and Request for Review; Lambert-St...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-19

... Compatibility Program and Request for Review; Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, St. Louis, MO AGENCY...) announces its determination that the noise exposure maps submitted by the St. Louis Airport Authority for the Lambert-St. Louis International Airport under the provisions of 49 U.S.C. 47501 et seq. (Aviation...

Aiming Talent Development toward Creative Eminence in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olszewski-Kubilius, Paula; Subotnik, Rena F.; Worrell, Frank C.

2016-01-01

Much has been written about the social and scientific problems that face the world in the 21st century, including climate change and economic inequality. In this context, the development of talented individuals who can tackle these problems is most important. In this article, the authors discuss the implications of 21st-century challenges for the…

The 21st Century Information Environment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Badger, Rod

This paper on the 21st century information environment begins with a section that discusses the impact of e-commerce over the next ten years. The second section addresses government focus areas, including ensuring a telecommunications infrastructure, developing the IT (information technology) industry, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship,…

75 FR 22436 - Michael Williams-Control Exemption-St. Maries River Railroad, Inc.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-28

... DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Surface Transportation Board [Docket No. FD 35365] Michael Williams-Control Exemption-St. Maries River Railroad, Inc. Michael Williams (applicant),\\1\\ a noncarrier, has filed a verified notice of exemption to acquire control of St. Maries River Railroad, Inc. (STMA), a Class...

Dynamic of nasal colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 and ST1 after mupirocin treatment in a family in close contact with pigs.

PubMed

Lozano, Carmen; Aspiroz, Carmen; Lasarte, Juan J; Gómez-Sanz, Elena; Zarazaga, Myriam; Torres, Carmen

2011-01-01

Nasal colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was evaluated after a mupirocin treatment in a family previously colonized by MRSA sequence type ST398 and ST1, who lived close to a pig farm. Eight nasal samples were swabbed from each of the four family members on different moments after mupirocin treatment. The efficacy of treatment was low in those family members who worked in the farm, and higher in the remaining two family members with sporadic contact with pigs. In addition, nasal and skin swabs from randomly selected pigs of the farm were taken. MRSA were detected in 33% of pigs tested. All MRSA isolates obtained were characterized by Staphylococcal-Cassette-Chromosome mec (SCCmec) determination, Multilocus-Sequence-Typing (MLST), spa- and agr-typing, Pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis (PFGE), antimicrobial susceptibility, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes, and toxin gene profiling. Spa-types t011, t1255 and t1197 were detected in humans and animals, with indistinguishable PFGE patterns, suggesting animal to human MRSA transmission. Each spa-type was ascribed to a specific pulsotype. Spa-types t127 and t108 were only detected in MRSA isolates obtained from humans, and t012 only in those from animals. MRSA ST1-t127 isolates and some ST398-t011 and ST398-t1197 isolates presented a multiantimicrobial-resistance phenotype. None of them harbored lukF/lukS, tst, eta and etb virulence genes. This study showed that the efficacy of nasal MRSA decolonization in healthy people with very close contact with pigs is especially low. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The effects of dominance, regular inbreeding and sampling design on Q(ST), an estimator of population differentiation for quantitative traits.

PubMed

Goudet, Jérôme; Büchi, Lucie

2006-02-01

To test whether quantitative traits are under directional or homogenizing selection, it is common practice to compare population differentiation estimates at molecular markers (F(ST)) and quantitative traits (Q(ST)). If the trait is neutral and its determinism is additive, then theory predicts that Q(ST) = F(ST), while Q(ST) > F(ST) is predicted under directional selection for different local optima, and Q(ST) < F(ST) is predicted under homogenizing selection. However, nonadditive effects can alter these predictions. Here, we investigate the influence of dominance on the relation between Q(ST) and F(ST) for neutral traits. Using analytical results and computer simulations, we show that dominance generally deflates Q(ST) relative to F(ST). Under inbreeding, the effect of dominance vanishes, and we show that for selfing species, a better estimate of Q(ST) is obtained from selfed families than from half-sib families. We also compare several sampling designs and find that it is always best to sample many populations (>20) with few families (five) rather than few populations with many families. Provided that estimates of Q(ST) are derived from individuals originating from many populations, we conclude that the pattern Q(ST) > F(ST), and hence the inference of directional selection for different local optima, is robust to the effect of nonadditive gene actions.

Genome sequences of five multidrug resistant Escherichia coli ST117 isolates recovered from dairy calves

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Escherichia coli ST117 have been recovered from poultry with colibacillosis, as well as urinary tract infections and fatal septic infections in humans. To further investigate ST117 isolates recovered from non-poultry food animals we sequenced the genomes of six ST117 isolates from dairy calves in Pe...

The environmental impact of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) use in dairy production

PubMed Central

Capper, Judith L.; Castañeda-Gutiérrez, Euridice; Cady, Roger A.; Bauman, Dale E.

2008-01-01

The environmental impact of using recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) in dairy production was examined on an individual cow, industry-scale adoption, and overall production system basis. An average 2006 U.S. milk yield of 28.9 kg per day was used, with a daily response to rbST supplementation of 4.5 kg per cow. Rations were formulated and both resource inputs (feedstuffs, fertilizers, and fuels) and waste outputs (nutrient excretion and greenhouse gas emissions) calculated. The wider environmental impact of production systems was assessed via acidification (AP), eutrophication (EP), and global warming (GWP) potentials. From a producer perspective, rbST supplementation improved individual cow production, with reductions in nutrient input and waste output per unit of milk produced. From an industry perspective, supplementing one million cows with rbST reduced feedstuff and water use, cropland area, N and P excretion, greenhouse gas emissions, and fossil fuel use compared with an equivalent milk production from unsupplemented cows. Meeting future U.S. milk requirements from cows supplemented with rbST conferred the lowest AP, EP, and GWP, with intermediate values for conventional management and the highest environmental impact resulting from organic production. Overall, rbST appears to represent a valuable management tool for use in dairy production to improve productive efficiency and to have less negative effects on the environment than conventional dairying. PMID:18591660

ST-246 inhibits in vivo poxvirus dissemination, virus shedding, and systemic disease manifestation.

PubMed

Berhanu, Aklile; King, David S; Mosier, Stacie; Jordan, Robert; Jones, Kevin F; Hruby, Dennis E; Grosenbach, Douglas W

2009-12-01

Orthopoxvirus infections, such as smallpox, can lead to severe systemic disease and result in considerable morbidity and mortality in immunologically naïve individuals. Treatment with ST-246, a small-molecule inhibitor of virus egress, has been shown to provide protection against severe disease and death induced by several members of the poxvirus family, including vaccinia, variola, and monkeypox viruses. Here, we show that ST-246 treatment not only results in the significant inhibition of vaccinia virus dissemination from the site of inoculation to distal organs, such as the spleen and liver, but also reduces the viral load in organs targeted by the dissemination. In mice intranasally infected with vaccinia virus, virus shedding from the nasal and lung mucosa was significantly lower (approximately 22- and 528-fold, respectively) upon ST-246 treatment. Consequently, virus dissemination from the nasal site of replication to the lung also was dramatically reduced, as evidenced by a 179-fold difference in virus levels in nasal versus bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, in ACAM2000-immunized mice, vaccination site swabs showed that ST-246 treatment results in a major (approximately 3,900-fold by day 21) reduction in virus detected at the outside surfaces of lesions. Taken together, these data suggest that ST-246 would play a dual protective role if used during a smallpox bioterrorist attack. First, ST-246 would provide therapeutic benefit by reducing the disease burden and lethality in infected individuals. Second, by reducing virus shedding from those prophylactically immunized with a smallpox vaccine or harboring variola virus infection, ST-246 could reduce the risk of virus transmission to susceptible contacts.

33 CFR 3.35-35 - Sector St. Petersburg Marine Inspection Zone and Captain of the Port Zone.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sector St. Petersburg Marine... ZONES, AND CAPTAIN OF THE PORT ZONES Seventh Coast Guard District § 3.35-35 Sector St. Petersburg Marine Inspection Zone and Captain of the Port Zone. Sector St. Petersburg's sector office is located in St...

Clinical use of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in depression: A meta-analysis.

PubMed

Ng, Qin Xiang; Venkatanarayanan, Nandini; Ho, Collin Yih Xian

2017-03-01

St John's wort is a popular herbal remedy recommended by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practitioners and licensed and widely prescribed for depression in many European countries. However, conflicting data regarding its benefits and risks exist, and the last large meta-analysis on St John's wort use for depression was done in 2008, with no updated meta-analysis available. Using the keywords [St John's Wort OR Hypericum perforatum OR hypericin OR hyperforin OR johanniskraut OR] AND [depression OR antidepressant OR SSRI], a preliminary search (without language restriction) on the PubMed, Ovid, Clinical Trials Register of the Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Group, Cochrane Field for Complementary Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang database yielded 5428 papers between 1-Jan-1960 and 1-May-2016. 27 clinical trials with a total of 3808 patients were reviewed, comparing the use of St John's wort and SSRI. In patients with depression, St John's wort demonstrated comparable response (pooled RR 0.983, 95% CI 0.924-1.042, p<0.001) and remission (pooled RR 1.013, 95% CI 0.892-1.134, p<0.001) rate, and significantly lower discontinuation/dropout (pooled OR 0.587, 95% CI 0.478-0.697, p<0.001) rate compared to standard SSRIs. The pooled SMD from baseline HAM-D scores (pooled SMD -0.068, 95% CI -0.127 to 0.021, p<0.001) also support its significant clinical efficacy in ameliorating depressive symptoms. Evidence on the long-term efficacy and safety of St. John's wort is limited as the duration of all available studies ranged from 4 to 12 weeks. It is also unclear if St John's wort would be beneficial for patients with severe depression, high suicidality or suicide risk. For patients with mild-to-moderate depression, St John's wort has comparable efficacy and safety when compared to SSRIs. Follow-up studies carried out over a longer duration should be planned to ascertain its benefits. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights

Genomic comparison between pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from Nile tilapia in Thailand and fish-derived ST7 strains.

PubMed

Kayansamruaj, Pattanapon; Pirarat, Nopadon; Kondo, Hidehiro; Hirono, Ikuo; Rodkhum, Channarong

2015-12-01

Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B streptococcus (GBS), is a highly virulent pathogen in aquatic animals, causing huge mortalities worldwide. In Thailand, the serotype Ia, β-hemolytic GBS, belonging to sequence type (ST) 7 of clonal complex (CC) 7, was found to be the major cause of streptococcosis outbreaks in fish farms. In this study, we performed an in silico genomic comparison, aiming to investigate the phylogenetic relationship between the pathogenic fish strains of Thai ST7 and other ST7 from different hosts and geographical origins. In general, the genomes of Thai ST7 strains are closely related to other fish ST7s, as the core genome is shared by 92-95% of any individual fish ST7 genome. Among the fish ST7 genomes, we observed only small dissimilarities, based on the analysis of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), surface protein markers, insertions sequence (IS) elements and putative virulence genes. The phylogenetic tree based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the core genome sequences clearly categorized the ST7 strains according to their geographical and host origins, with the human ST7 being genetically distant from other fish ST7 strains. A pan-genome analysis of ST7 strains detected a 48-kb gene island specifically in the Thai ST7 isolates. The orientations and predicted amino acid sequences of the genes in the island closely matched those of Tn5252, a streptococcal conjugative transposon, in GBS 2603V/R serotype V, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus suis. Thus, it was presumed that Thai ST7 acquired this Tn5252 homologue from related streptococci. The close phylogenetic relationship between the fish ST7 strains suggests that these strains were derived from a common ancestor and have diverged in different geographical regions and in different hosts. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

78 FR 38001 - Special Local Regulations; Marine Events, Breton Bay; St. Mary's County, Leonardtown, MD

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-06-25

...-AA08 Special Local Regulations; Marine Events, Breton Bay; St. Mary's County, Leonardtown, MD AGENCY... marine event to be held on the waters of Breton Bay in St. Mary's County, Maryland on July 13, 2013, and... ``Special Local Regulations; Marine Events, Breton Bay; St. Mary's County, Leonardtown, MD'' in the Federal...

Sivuqam Ungipaghaatangi (St. Lawrence Island Legends).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Slwooko, Grace

Transmitted orally for generations until the Eskimo language became a written one, the eleven St. Lawrence Island legends compiled in this volume for high school students tell of feats that were accomplished through supernatural power. Meant for both entertainment and instruction, the tales convey wise council indirectly through the conversations…

Recommendations for the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Child Abuse and Neglect: The International Journal, 1991

1991-01-01

Group discussions on physical, sexual, and emotional child abuse and neglect, which took place at the "Child Protection for the 21st Century Conference," are summarized. The discussions noted practices that should be preserved and those requiring change in law/law enforcement, mental health, medicine/nursing, social work, and prevention and…

Access to Attainment: An Access Agenda for 21st Century College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Abby; Valle, Katherine; Engle, Jennifer; Cooper, Michelle

2014-01-01

This report, "Access to Attainment: An Access Agenda for 21st Century College Students," examines the challenges facing 21st century students and presents strategies for addressing these challenges through policy-and practice-based solutions at the institutional, state and national levels. Recommendations include implementing a…

Career Development and Social Inclusion at St Patrick's College: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Cathy

2010-01-01

Consistent with the Commonwealth government's social inclusion agenda, the mission statement of St Patrick's College advocates the development and delivery of career development services and programs that promote social justice and social inclusion. This case study describes the evolving career development program at St Patrick's College, which…

Seismic evidence for a cold serpentinized mantle wedge beneath Mount St Helens

PubMed Central

Hansen, S. M.; Schmandt, B.; Levander, A.; Kiser, E.; Vidale, J. E.; Abers, G. A.; Creager, K. C.

2016-01-01

Mount St Helens is the most active volcano within the Cascade arc; however, its location is unusual because it lies 50 km west of the main axis of arc volcanism. Subduction zone thermal models indicate that the down-going slab is decoupled from the overriding mantle wedge beneath the forearc, resulting in a cold mantle wedge that is unlikely to generate melt. Consequently, the forearc location of Mount St Helens raises questions regarding the extent of the cold mantle wedge and the source region of melts that are responsible for volcanism. Here using, high-resolution active-source seismic data, we show that Mount St Helens sits atop a sharp lateral boundary in Moho reflectivity. Weak-to-absent PmP reflections to the west are attributed to serpentinite in the mantle-wedge, which requires a cold hydrated mantle wedge beneath Mount St Helens (<∼700 °C). These results suggest that the melt source region lies east towards Mount Adams. PMID:27802263

42. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

42. MISSISSIPPI, LOWNDES CO. COLUMBUS RAILROAD BRIDGE End of 1st St. S., Columbus, Ms. Copy of postcard ca. 1900. Copy owned and made by Jack Donnell, Columbus, Ms. Shows two-span steel truss, built by Phoenix Bridge Co. in 1878. Negative copied by: Sarcone Photography, Columbus, Ms. Sep 1978. - Bridges of the Upper Tombigbee River Valley, Columbus, Lowndes County, MS

Virtual Constructions: Developing a Teacher Voice in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casey, Heather

2011-01-01