A Stress Analysis of Circular Cylindrical Shell Intersections, Including the Influences of Reinforcement, Cyclic Plasticity and Fatigue.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

Professor Paul M. Naghdi National Academy of Sciences University of California National Research Council Department of Mechanical Engineering Ship Hull...Angeles, California 90024 Department of Mechanical Engineering Washington, D.C. 20064 Professor Burt Paul University of Pennsylvania Dr. Samuel B...78u4 74 -6 19 Universities (Con’t) Universities (Con’t) Dr. V. K. Varadan Professor V. H. Neubert Ohio State University Research Foundation Pennsylvania

Taking Care of You: Self-Care for Family Caregivers

MedlinePlus

... in the following words modified from the original Serenity Prayer (attributed to American theologian Reinhold Niebuhr): “ God grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, Courage ...

Mathematical Modelling of Liner Piston Maintenance Activity using Field Data to Minimize Overhauling Time and Human Energy Consumption

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Belkhode, Pramod Namdeorao

2017-06-01

Field data based model is proposed to reduce the overhauling time and human energy consumed in liner piston maintenance activity so as to increase the productivity of liner piston maintenance activity. The independent variables affecting the phenomenon such as anthropometric parameters of workers (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Section VIA Appendix-A: Anthropometric Data. Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 1), workers parameters, specification of liner piston data, specification of tools used in liner piston maintenance activity, specification of solvents, axial clearance of big end bearing and bolt elongation, workstation data (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Work Place Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 2) and extraneous variables, namely, temperature, humidity at workplace, illumination at workplace and noise at workplace (Eastman Kodak Co. Ltd in Chapter V Environment Ergonomic Design for People at Work, Van Nostrans Reinhold, New York, 3) are taken into account. The model is formulated for dependent variables of liner piston maintenance activity to minimize the overhauling time and human energy consumption so as to improve the productivity of liner piston maintenance activity. The developed model can predict the performance of liner piston maintenance activity which involves man and machine system (Schenck in Theories of Engineering Experimentation, Mc-Graw Hill, New York 4). The model is then optimized by optimization technique and the sensitivity analysis of the model has also been estimated.

On the Origin of Nonmare Materials at the Apollo 12 Landing Site

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jolliff, B. L.; Gillis, J. J.; Korotev, R. L.; Haskin, L. A.

2000-01-01

Sources of nonmare material at the Apollo 12 site are investigated using remotely sensed FeO and Th data and measured soil compositions. Copernicus ray ejecta, Reinhold ejecta, and vertical gardening of buried crater ejecta (Lansberg) are evaluated.

STS-42 Payload Specialist Merbold inside KC-135 during zero gravity flight

NASA Image and Video Library

1988-05-24

S88-37966 (2 Oct 1988) --- European Space Agency payload specialists Ulf Merbold (STS-42, right) and Reinhold Furrer (STS 61-A) get the "feel" of zero-gravity aboard NASA's KC-135 aircraft over the Gulf of Mexico.

Creating a Culture of Inquiry in Mathematics Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dietz, Jill

2013-01-01

We argue that student research skills in mathematics should be honed throughout the curriculum just as such skills are built over time in the natural and physical sciences. Examples used in the mathematics program at St. Olaf College are given.

78 FR 73568 - Senior Executive Service-Performance Review Board

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-12-06

... Coleman, Chief Financial Officer Joseph Kennedy, Associate Director for Human Resources Solutions Mark Reinhold, Chief Human Capital Officer and Acting Associate Director for Employee Services [FR Doc. 2013... Management: Ann Marie Habershaw, Chief of Staff Angela Bailey, Chief Operating Officer Elizabeth Montoya...

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (83rd, Phoenix, Arizona, August 9-12, 2000). International Communication Division.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

The International Communication Division section of the proceedings contains the following 21 papers: "The European Press and the Euro: Media Agenda-Setting in a Cross-National Environment" (Olaf Werder); "Factors Affecting the Internet Adoption by Thai Journalists: A Diffusion of Innovation Study" (Anucha Thirakanont and…

REDUCING THE WASTE STREAM: BRINGING ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMICAL, AND EDUCATIONAL COMPOSTING TO A LIBERAL ARTS COLLEGE

EPA Science Inventory

The Northfield, Minnesota area contains three institutions that produce a large amount of compostable food waste. St. Olaf College uses a large-scale on-site composting machine that effectively transforms the food waste to compost, but the system requires an immense start-up c...

Investigation of Laser-Induced Retinal Damage: Wavelength and Pulsewidth Dependent Mechanisms

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-06-30

Jun, Fos and the AP-1 complex in cell-proliferation and transformation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991;1072:129-57. 2. Artuc M, Ramshad M, Kappus H. Studies...M, Reinhold C, Kappus H. DNA damage caused by laser light activated hematoporphyrin derivatives in isolated nuclei of human melanoma cells. Arch

Assessing System Architectures: The Canonical Decomposition Fuzzy Comparative Methodology

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

me. Thank you to my sisters, Vanessa and Valerie, for their support and for putting up with me while we were growing up. Finally and most...Antenna Handbook Theory, Applications, and Deign. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 85 Maier, M. W. and E. Rechtin. 2002. The Art of Systems

Leadership in Undergraduate Mathematics Education: An Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cunningham, Joel

2013-01-01

Lynn Arthur Steen, Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at St. Olaf College and former President of the Mathematical Association of America, is recognized widely for the extraordinarily valuable leadership he has given in undergraduate mathematics education, at his college, nationally, and internationally. This article outlines some of his remarkable…

Restoring Scholarship to Collegiate Mathematics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steen, Lynn Arthur

1986-01-01

Needs of collegiate mathematics across the nation are considered, and suggestions are offered to the National Science Foundation (NSF) by a professor of Mathematics at St. Olaf College (Minnesota). Changes in mathematics content, scope, and applications have implications for the college curriculum. Problems and challenges are posed by: increased…

Experimenting with Mathematical Biology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanft, Rebecca; Walter, Anne

2016-01-01

St. Olaf College recently added a Mathematical Biology concentration to its curriculum. The core course, Mathematics of Biology, was redesigned to include a wet laboratory. The lab classes required students to collect data and implement the essential modeling techniques of formulation, implementation, validation, and analysis. The four labs…

Label-Free THz-Optoelectronic Sensing of Ultra-Low Concentration of Genetic Sequences: Theoretical Treatment

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-15

Two Ferrocenium and Two Ferrocene Complexes; J. Am. Chem. Soc.; (Communication); 125(25); 7522-7523(2003) [19] Braun-Sand, S. B.; Wiest, O.; Biasing...of Two Ferrocenium and Two Ferrocene Complexes ; J. Am. Chem. Soc.; (Communication); 2003; 125(25); 7522- 7523 [35]. Sonja B. Braun-Sand and Olaf

Investigation of Laser-Induced Retinal Damage: Wavelength and Pulsewidth Dependent Mechanisms

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-08-31

transformation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991; 1072:129-57. 2. Artuc M, Ramshad M, Kappus H. Studies on acute toxic effects to keratinocytes induced by...hematoporphyrin derivatives and laser light Arch Dermatol Res 1989;281:491-4. 3. Artuc M, Ramshad M, Reinhold C, Kappus H. DNA damage caused by laser light

"Neverwinter Nights" in Alberta: Conceptions of Narrativity through Fantasy Role-Playing Games in a Graduate Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gouglas, Sean; Sinclair, Stefan; Ellefson, Olaf; Sharplin, Scott

2006-01-01

Most humanities courses rarely require students to create the kinds of work they are studying. Sean Gouglas, Stefan Sinclair, Olaf Ellefson, and Scott Sharplin outline the value of this rare experience by describing an assignment in their graduate humanities computing course in which students examined hypermedia narratives by authoring a…

Elements of Leading Collegiate Choral Programs in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garrett, Jennifer M.

2010-01-01

This study explored the attributes of three leading choral programs in the United States using interview and observation data. It extrapolated attributes from case studies of highly respected programs located at St. Olaf College, the University of Southern California (USC), and Florida State University (FSU). The first attribute identified at each…

Love House

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Maryellen B.; Cizek, Brigitte

2006-01-01

In February of 2004, the Department of Human Development/Family Studies at the University of Delaware hosted the Austrian Institute of Family Studies. Social worker Olaf Kapella and psychologist Brigitte Cizek presented their LoveTalks workshop which is a model for the community supported sex education program in Austria. The workshop leaders were…

Measuring Our Success: How to Gauge the "Value Added" by an Independent School Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gulla, John; Jorgenson, Olaf

2014-01-01

Having addressed variations of the question--How can a school's success be "measured"?--with mixed results across a collective five decades of service to boards, John Gulla and Olaf Jorgenson endeavored to develop a more helpful answer. To this end, they queried 200-plus leaders of California Association of Independent Schools…

Gender Communication at the Liberal Arts College: Improving the Climate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Alice M.

A study gathered information to assist as guidance in planning gender communication awareness programs that were appropriate to the St. Olaf (Minnesota) college campus. Subjects, 92 female and 96 male faculty, 133 female and 136 male staff, and 100 students in the sophomore, junior, and senior classes filled out questionnaires designed to provide…

Temperature Scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, Reamur, and Romer.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Romer, Robert H.

1982-01-01

Traces the history and development of temperature scales which began with the 17th-century invention of the liquid-in-glass thermometer. Focuses on the work of Olaf Romer, Daniel Fahrenheit, Rene-Antoine de Reamur, Anders Celsius, and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin). Includes experimental work and consideration of high/low fixed points on the…

Summiteers--Moving Mountains with Bereaved Boys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Renner, Hans-Georg

2011-01-01

Summiteers are people who rush to the top. There is a mountain summit and a metaphorical summit inside us which we can climb. In the area of mountain summits, Reinhold Messner is surely the best known and most successful summiteer. He climbed, among other things, the highest peak on earth without supplemental oxygen. In the language of the country…

Make Learning Stick: Best Practices to Get the Most Out of Leadership Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reinhold, Diane; Patterson, Tracy; Hegel, Peter

2015-01-01

In this white paper, Diane Reinhold, Tracy Patterson, and Peter Hegel assert that there is no magic bullet to ensure people apply what they learn. There are, however, steps that can be taken to create leadership programs, experiences, and supports that improve the likelihood that lessons will be learned and applied. Over time, new skills,…

For Liability Purposes, Is a Student Worker an Employee?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Franke, Ann H.

2008-01-01

Brian Lindsay, a chemistry major, participated in a summer research program at St. Olaf College. The 10-week program required him to work in a laboratory under the direction of a chemistry professor. Lindsay received a $3,500 stipend and free housing. On July 11, 2002, he was performing a procedure to clean, or "quench," a flask. The…

Exploring the Thermal Limits of IR-Based Automatic Whale Detection (ETAW)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-09-30

the northward humpback whale migration, which occurs annually rather close to shore near North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, Australia. Based on the...successive northward humpback whale migrations and collecting concurrent independent (double blind) visual observations (modified cue counting), a... Whale Detection (ETAW) Olaf Boebel P.O. Box 120161 27515 Bremerhaven Germany phone: +49 (471) 4831-1879 fax: +49 (471) 4831-1797 email

Exploring the Thermal Limits of IR-Based Automatic Whale Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-30

spouts during the northward humpback whale migration, which occurs annually rather close to shore near North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, Australia...with concurrent visual observations. APPROACH By obtaining continuous IR video footage during two successive northward humpback whale ... Whale Detection (ETAW) Olaf Boebel P.O. Box 120161 27515 Bremerhaven GERMANY phone: +49 (471) 4831-1879 fax: +49 (471) 4831-1797 email

Interactive Computation for Undergraduates: The Next Generation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolan, Amy J.

2017-05-01

A generation ago (29 years ago), Leo Kadanoff and Michael Vinson created the Computers, Chaos, and Physics course. A major pedagogical thrust of this course was to help students form and test hypotheses via computer simulation of small problems in physics. Recently, this aspect of the 1987 course has been revived for use with first year physics undergraduate students at St. Olaf College.

Thanks to outgoing Associate Editors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lichti, Derek D.; Weng, Qihao

2018-04-01

As of the end of December 2017, Professors Eberhard Gülch, Olaf Hellwich, Minho Kim, and Lalit Kumar have retired as Associate Editors of the ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Our Journal's readership has benefited greatly from their longstanding commitment to their editorial duties. Both Profs. Gülch and Hellwich began their service to the Journal in 2007, while Profs. Kumar and Kim began in 2012 and 2014, respectively. In their many years as editors, they have witnessed the incredible growth of the Journal in terms of the number of papers submitted and published as well as the impact factor. Thanks to their high standards for paper quality and rigorous peer review, these professors have been important contributors to the Journal's current high standing. They were very versatile in terms of the scope of papers they could handle. Eberhard handled papers in photogrammetry, terrain modelling and geographic information systems (GIS) while Olaf handled papers in radar, computer vision and GIS. Both Lalit and Minho handled papers in optical remote sensing. On behalf of the Journal and the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, we thank them for many years of dedicated service to the Journal.

The Development of Mobile Augmented Reality

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

working jointly with NRL, performed a domain analysis ( Gabbard et al., 2002) to create a context for usability engineering effort, performed formative...rectangle to provide a background enabled the fastest user performance ( Gabbard et al., 2007). Tracking the user’s head position relative to the real...thank Yohan Baillot, Reinhold Behringer, Blaine Bell, Dennis Brown, Aaron Bryden, Enylton Coelho, Elliot Cooper-Balis, Deborah Hix, Joseph Gabbard

2015 Military Investigation and Justice Experience Survey (MIJES). Overview Report

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-03-16

FMG) b Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) a SRA International, Inc., A CSRA Company Defense Manpower Data Center 4800 Mark Center Drive, Suite... Manpower Data Center (DMDC) is indebted to numerous people for their assistance with the 2015 Military Investigation and Justice Experience Survey (2015...Statistical Analysis Macros to calculate the results presented in this report. Ms. Sue Reinhold provided assistance with programming and merging contact

Radar/Sonar and Time Series Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-06-27

Davis, William Dunsmuir Fourier and Likelihood Analysis in NMR Spectroscopy .......... David Brillinger and Reinhold Kaiser Resampling Techniques for...Zubelli. 2:30 pm Gunter Meyer The parabolic Fock theory for a convex dielectric Georgia Tech. scatterer Abstract: This talk deals with a high frequency...Lincoln Laboratory, MIT Jun 18 - Jun 29 Gunter Meyer Georgia Institute of Technology Jun 25 - Jun 29 Willard Miller University of Minnesota Ruth Miniowitz

Expedient Emergency Sanitation Measures

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-03-01

maintaining or restoring adequate sanitation in a widespread emergency. In the event of a major earthquake or nuclear attack, sewage collection and...sanitation in a widespread emergency. In the event of a major earthquake or nuclear attack, sewage collection and treatment systems, electric power and...Handbook of Chlorination, Von Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1972, and Appendix C. 12 chlorine disinfection. The cysts of the protozoa Entamoeba

Multimedia and Audience: Implications for Executive Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1995-12-01

by the Institute for Defense Analysis ( Fetterman , 1993:123). As well, organizations such as Federal Express, IBM, and the U.S. Army have studied the...training compression, less delivery variance, better consistency of learning, and greater learning gains ( Fetterman , 1993:128-129). As defined previously... Fetterman , Roger L. and Satish K. Gupta. Mainstream Multimedia: Applying Multimedia in Business. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993. Grice, Roger A

Applying a Hypoxia-Incorporating TCP Model to Experimental Data on Rat Sarcoma

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ruggieri, Ruggero, E-mail: ruggieri.ruggero@gmail.com; Stavreva, Nadejda; Naccarato, Stefania

2012-08-01

Purpose: To verify whether a tumor control probability (TCP) model which mechanistically incorporates acute and chronic hypoxia is able to describe animal in vivo dose-response data, exhibiting tumor reoxygenation. Methods and Materials: The investigated TCP model accounts for tumor repopulation, reoxygenation of chronic hypoxia, and fluctuating oxygenation of acute hypoxia. Using the maximum likelihood method, the model is fitted to Fischer-Moulder data on Wag/Rij rats, inoculated with rat rhabdomyosarcoma BA1112, and irradiated in vivo using different fractionation schemes. This data set is chosen because two of the experimental dose-response curves exhibit an inverse dose behavior, which is interpreted as duemore » to reoxygenation. The tested TCP model is complex, and therefore, in vivo cell survival data on the same BA1112 cell line from Reinhold were added to Fischer-Moulder data and fitted simultaneously with a corresponding cell survival function. Results: The obtained fit to the combined Fischer-Moulder-Reinhold data was statistically acceptable. The best-fit values of the model parameters for which information exists were in the range of published values. The cell survival curves of well-oxygenated and hypoxic cells, computed using the best-fit values of the radiosensitivities and the initial number of clonogens, were in good agreement with the corresponding in vitro and in situ experiments of Reinhold. The best-fit values of most of the hypoxia-related parameters were used to recompute the TCP for non-small cell lung cancer patients as a function of the number of fractions, TCP(n). Conclusions: The investigated TCP model adequately describes animal in vivo data exhibiting tumor reoxygenation. The TCP(n) curve computed for non-small cell lung cancer patients with the best-fit values of most of the hypoxia-related parameters confirms previously obtained abrupt reduction in TCP for n < 10, thus warning against the adoption of severely hypofractionated

The Influence of Learning Strategies in the Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer of a Visual Tracking Task

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

Psychology, Psychoanalysis and Neurology X. N. Y.: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1977. Craik , F. I. M., & Lockhart , R. S. Levels of processing : A framework for...Morris, C. D., & Stein, B. S. Some general constraints oil learning and memory research. In F. I. M. Craik & L. S. Cermak (Eds.), Levels of processing ... Craik & Lockhart , 1972; Craik & Tulving, 1975). Although the dependent measures differ, the conclusions drawn remain similar. Strategy usage has a

Radar/Sonar and Time Series Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-08

Fourier and Likelihood Analysis in NMR Spectroscopy .......... David Brillinger and Reinhold Kaiser Resampling Techniques for Stationary Time-series... Meyer The parabolic Fock theory foi a convex dielectric Georgia Tech. scatterer Abstract. This talk deals with a high frequency as) mptotic m~thod for...Malesky Inst. of Physics, Moscow Jun 11 - Jun 15 Victor P. Maslov MIEIM, USSR May 29 - Jun 15 Robert P. Meyer University of Wisconsin Jun 11 - Jun 15

Shipboard Tests of Halon 1301 Test Gas Simulants

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-08-22

Halon 1301 Test Gas Simulants," Memo Report, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 1989. 8. Air Products and Chemicals , Inc ., "SF6 , An... Products and Chemicals , Inc ., "Specialty Gas Material Safety Data Sheet, Sulfur Hexafluoride " Air Products and Chemicals, Specialty Gas Department...34 Washington, DC, 1978. 11. N.I. Sax, Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, Sixth Edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, NY, 1984. 12. Air

Coupled Thermo-Mechanical and Photo-Chemical Degradation Mechanisms that determine the Reliability and Operational Lifetimes for CPV Technologies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dauskardt, Reinhold H.

This project sought to identify and characterize the coupled intrinsic photo-chemo-mechanical degradation mechanisms that determine the reliability and operational lifetimes for CPV technologies. Over a three year period, we have completed a highly successful program which has developed quantitative metrologies and detailed physics-based degradation models, providing new insight into the fundamental reliability physics necessary for improving materials, creating accelerated testing protocols, and producing more accurate lifetime predictions. The tasks for the program were separated into two focus areas shown in the figure below. Focus Area 1, led by Reinhold Dauskardt and Warren Cai with a primary collaboration with David Millermore » of NREL, studied the degradation mechanisms present in encapsulant materials. Focus Area 2, led by Reinhold Dauskardt and Ryan Brock with a primary collaboration with James Ermer and Peter Hebert of Spectrolab, studied stress development and degradation within internal CPV device interfaces. Each focus area was productive, leading to several publications, including findings on the degradation of silicone encapsulant under terrestrial UV, a model for photodegradation of silicone encapsulant adhesion, quantification and process tuning of antireflective layers on CPV, and discovery of a thermal cycling degradation mechanism present in metal gridline structures.« less

Military Applications of Augmented Reality

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

Perception and Occlusion Representation Among the things our initial domain analysis [ Gabbard et al(2002)] indicated as a potential advantage for AR...Steven Feiner, Blaine Bell, Deborah Hix, Joseph L. Gabbard , Tobias Höllerer, Blair MacIntyre, Enylton Coelho, Ulrich Neumann, Suya You, Reinhold...Annual Meeting, Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, pp 48–52 [ Gabbard et al(2002)] Gabbard JL, Swan II JE, Hix D, Lanzagorta M, Livingston MA, Brown D

Physical Property Data Review of Selected Chemical Agents and Related Compounds: Updating Field Manual 3-9 (FM 3-9)

DTIC Science & Technology

2003-09-01

Ed.; Reinhold Book Corporation: New York, 1968. Daroff, P.M.; Metz, D.; Roberts, A.; Adams, J.A.; Jenkins, W. Oleoresin Capsicum : An Effective Less...Capsaicin, The Pungent Principle of Capsicum . III. J.Am. Chem. Soc. 1923, 45, p 2179. Newman, J.H., Edgewood Arsenal Notebook # NB 9298, p 64 (U...Service: Edgewood Arsenal, MD, 1921, UNCLASSIFIED Report (AD-B955153). Steadman, A. Isolation ofCapsaicin from Capsicum ; EACD 188; U.S. Army Chemical

Image Understanding Architecture Prototype Evaluation and Development

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

combination of the two. There are examples where a hybrid of these approaches have been used (for example, Cedar [ Gajski 83; 86], NETRA [Sharma 85], and PM4...interconnection network can be found in Cedar [ Gajski 83; Gajski 86], Aquarius [Srini 851, the Las Alamos project [Trujillo 82], and the Burroughs Scientific...Foster 76 1 C. C. Foster, Content Addressable Parallel Processors, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1976. [ Gajski 83 ] Daniel Gajski et al

Sword or Ploughshare? New Roles for NATO and the Changing Nature of Transatlantic Relations

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-02-01

2006. 47 Olaf Theiler, “Die NATO im Umbruch” [NATO in a State of Upheaval]; pp. 70 -76. 48 Robert Weaver, “NACC’s Five Years of Strengthening...defense policy.” Gustav E. Gustenau and Johann Frank, “Divergenz oder Komplementarität?” [Divergent or Complementary?], p. 13. 70 “Riga Summit...participation of British and also (with restrictions) French armed forces in Operation “Desert Storm” sent an important signal regarding the future

Black Silicon Germanium (SiGe) for Extended Wavelength Near Infrared Electro-optical Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-05-01

samples were dipped in an aqueous solution of iodine (I) and potassium iodide (KI) (25 gm I and 100 gm KI per liter of water [H2O] ) (16). The samples...Satterfield, C. N.; Wentworth, R. L. in Hydrogen Peroxide , Reinhold Publishing, New York, 1955, p. 370. 12 19. Kishioka, K.; Horita, S.; Ohdaria, K...germanium H2O water HBT heterojunction bipolar transistor I iodine IPA isopropal alcohol KI potassium iodide MEE metal enhanced etching

Effects of Strong Local Sporadic E on ELF Propagation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-08-15

Huygens diffraction model (e.g., Marcuse , 1972). The model is similar to that used by Crombie. Unlike Crombie’s work however , the Fresnel approximation...40. Marcuse , D., “Light transmission optics ,” Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York , 1972. Papper t , R. A. & Moler , W. F., “A theoretica’ study of...ATTN Donald Dubbert O1 CY ATTN Herbert Rend University of IllinoisDepartment of Electrical Engineering Develco Urbana , IL 61803 530 Logue Avenue O2CY

Aerobic Biodegradation of DI-n-Butylphthalate by Pure and Mixed Bacterial Species

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-05-01

70 days in their studies. Wang and Grady (1995)7 explored the effects of biosorption and dissolution on the biodegradation of DBP. Biosorption ...isotherms for DBP by live and dead bacteria was evaluated by Wang and Grady (1994)4. Biosorption was significant in both live and dead bacteria, however, it...Data on Organic Chemicals. 2nd Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York. 4. Wang, X. and Grady Jr., C. P. L. (1994) Comparison of Biosorption

Annual Progress Report Fiscal Year 1979 (U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA)

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-10-01

J. B. Sampson. A new inventory for the assessment of symptom occurrence and severity at high altitude. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 50(9)925:929, 1979...Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 47:280-301, 1976. 3. Caridis, D. T., R. B. Reinhold, P. W. Woodruff and J. Fine. Endotoxemia in man. Lancet. 2:1381-1386...Accidental hypothermia: An experimental study of practical rewarming methods. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 48:625-632, 1977. 4. D’Amato, H. E., S. Kronhein

Development and Use of Fluorescent Probes for Detection, Enumeration and Identification of Naturally-Occurring Marine Viruses.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-05-31

Samples were preserved (27) stemmed from a loss in titer that occurred when viruses in 1% glutaraldehyde before application to carbon-coated were added to...counting a minimum of 100 VLPs from 5 random fields at a magnification of 10,000 x. For most applications counting a minimum of 20 fields containing at...biological applications , Vol. 4, Hayat, M.A., editor, Van Nostrom Reinhold, N.Y., 1974, pp 79-104. 15. Proctor, L.M., and Fuhrman, J.A., Viral mortality

BKCASE(TM) Body of Knowledge and Curriculum to Advance Systems Engineering

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-04-28

Lawson, Lawson Konsult AB, Sweden Johann Amsenga, Eclipse RDC, South Africa Alex Lee , Defence Science and Technology Agency, Singapore Erik Aslaksen...Engineering Division, US Tim Ferris, University of South Australia and INCOSE, Australia Jean-Claude Roussel, EADS, France Kevin Forsberg, Center for...Systems Management and INCOSE, US Sven-Olaf Schulze, Berner & Mattner Systemtechnik GmbH, Germany Richard Freeman, Air Force Center for Systems

Making an anechoic choral recording

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Freiheit, Ron; Alexander, John; Ferguson, John

2005-09-01

The utilization of auralization as a tool for acoustic analysis continues to grow and develop. An important element for successful auralization listening experiences is the selection of anechoic source material. In researching the current library of anechoically recorded source material, it was discovered that choral material was not readily available. The Wenger Corporation, St. Olaf College, and 3M undertook a joint project to create an anechoic choral recording. The paper describes the challenges of this recording project-from the technological, logistical, and musical standpoints-and the solutions that were successfully implemented.

BKCASE (trademark): Body of Knowledge and Curriculum to Advance Systems Engineering

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-10-01

Association Francaise d‘lingeniere Systeme, France Tim  Ferris University of South Australia, Australia Kevin Forsberg Center for Systems Management US 7... Lee Defence Science and Technology Agency,  Singapore Ray Madachy Naval Postgraduate School, US James Martin Aerospace Corporation US    ,  Greg...Pyster Stevens Institute of Technology, US Garry Roedler Lockheed Martin, US Jean‐Claude Roussel EADS, France 9/2010 Sven‐Olaf Schulze Berner & Mattner

Vibrationally Excited Ions: Quenching Reaction Enhancement, Lifetimes

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

affinities in our lad- A,.=Af exp( - AS/IR) = I .IX 10𔄃 cm’ S_ with limits der . Any change it. P.A.(Br), ither due to a change in bet~een 7.Sx l3 9and...8217K P Huber and G Hereberg. C oeto of Drateooc Molecules ( Van "M Tubs’, G JasAay. N D Toeddy. and B. B. Fergusn. Ini J Mass Nostrand-Reinhold. New York...objectives and it seemed possible .aat neut - rals such as N,. Xe and CF, might provide suitable monitor gases for vibra- tionally excited HBr*. For HBr

BKCASE (trademark): Body of Knowledge and Curriculum to Advance Systems Engineering

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-09-01

i l IEEE USc   a r ey ,  Alain Faisandier Association Francaise d‘lingeniere Systeme, France Tim  Ferris University of South Australia, Australia...Lawson Lawson Konsult AB, Sweden Yeaw lip “Alex”  Lee Defence Science and Technology Agency,  Singapore Ray Madachy Naval Postgraduate School, US James...9/2010 Sven‐Olaf Schulze Berner & Mattner, Germany Seiko Shiraska KEIO University, Japan Hillary Sillitto Thales Group, UK John Snoderly Defense

EDITORIAL: Greetings from the new Editor-in-Chief

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Garcia, Ephrahim

2008-02-01

I am Professor Ephrahim Garcia, an Associate Professor at Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. I have been at Cornell University since 2002, spent four years as a Program Manager at the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency from 1998-2002, and before that seven years at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. I have served on the Editorial Advisory Board of Smart Materials and Structures (SMS) for the last six years. It is a humbling thing to be asked to take up the post of Editor-in-Chief in a field with so many talented researchers. I would like to say a heartfelt thanks to the members of the Editorial Board and IOP Publishing for their confidence in me. Most importantly, I would like to thank Professor Vijay Varadan of the University of Arkansas and Professor Richard Claus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University for their efforts in launching the journal 16 years ago. They have been stewards, promoters and, especially Vijay, key to the operation and function of SMS for all these years, and our research community is indebted to them. Professors Varadan and Claus have dedicated their careers to the area of smart materials and structures and we are very grateful for their leadership, mentoring and contribution. SMS is a thriving journal offering papers on all technical areas concerned with smart materials, systems and structures from the micro- and nanoscale to the macroscale. The journal is undergoing some major changes, including the recent transferal of papers to IOP Publishing's peer-review management system. With this new system authors can expect fast publication times of around 4 or 5 months from submission, and excellent author service. In this world of ever changing technology, the Editorial Board and I aim to reduce the time to publication for researchers in this exciting area of science and engineering. I am in the process of

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Activity cycles in 3203 Kepler stars (Reinhold+, 2017)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reinhold, T.; Cameron, R. H.; Gizon, L.

2017-05-01

Rvar time series, sine fit parameters, mean rotation periods, and false alarm probabilities of all 3203 Kepler stars are presented. For simplicity, the KIC number and the fit parameters of a certain star are repeated in each line. The fit function to the Rvar(t) time series equals y_fit=Acyc*sin(2*pi/(Pcyc*365)*(t-t0))+Offset. (2 data files).

Corrosion/Deterioration of Fuel Tank Materials Wetted in Methanolic Electrolytes

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-15

R32 DD FORM 1473, 84 MAR 83 APR edition may be used until exhausted. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE All other editions are obsolete *U.S... aiSA A12A A1AS5!S1tit "IiaA Id~A1131 *AWFl 1t1103114W) No us" C C A C A C C A~tt A A CS Sell lA~~~l, 5158-lti A ICC :1L1 1113iC AlMeAtt2~ TIttrljACn...Corrosion Resistance of Metals and Alloys, Second Edition , Reinhold Publishing Corporation, NY, 1963, p. 217. 4. Uhlig, H. H., Coroion.and Corrosion

Variability of the proton-to-electron mass ratio on cosmological scales

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wendt, M.; Reimers, D.

2008-10-01

The search for a possible variation of fundamental physical constants isnewsworthy more than ever. A multitude of methods were developed. So far theonly seemingly significant indication of a cosmological variation existsfor the proton-to-electron massratio as stated by Reinhold et al. [1]. The measuredindication of variation is based on the combined analysis of H2 absorptionsystems in the spectra of Q0405-443 and Q0347-383 at zabs=2.595 and zabs=3.025, respectively. The high resolution data of the latteris reanalyzed in this work to examine the influence of different fittingprocedures and further potential nonconformities. This analysis cannotreproduce the significance achieved by the previous works.

System Integration and Interface Transition Issues.

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-04-01

OC - 4- u -O m4 U V L.- I~V 0~ C 0 - i CC 0 .iOC30~i .- ~. C > u uU O! ul Wi 0) i~ LUn CL04) z w 0 CL-0r I.- ~ ~~~~ in0 6 - 2-A 0 ~ 4) 0 zEC u~5. 0...Systems Design and Documentation - An Introduction to the HIPO Method, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. (1976). [34] Peter Freeman, "Toward Improved Review of...Software Design," Proc. National Computer Conf. 44, AFIPS Press (1975) pp 329-334. [35] Peter G. Neumann, "Software Development & Proofs of Multi-Level

An assessment of health status and health behaviours in adolescents: main points and methods of the SOPKARD-Junior programme

PubMed Central

Suligowska, Klaudia; Czarniak, Piotr; Krawczyk, Michał; Szcześniak, Przemysław; Król, Ewa; Kusiak, Aida; Sabiniewicz, Robert; Wierzba, Tomasz; Utracka, Alicja; Urban, Magdalena; Wytrykowska, Anna; Pakalska, Anna; Drewek, Konrad; Giczewska, Anna; Popowski, Piotr; Wrotkowska, Magdalena; Marczulin, Joanna; Bochniak, Mariusz

2016-01-01

Introduction The study involved preparing and implementation a model of complex screening programme for adolescents and comparison of anthropometric examinations between the population of the SOPKARD-Junior programme and representative sample of Polish children in the same age. Material and methods The screening programme in 14–15 year old pupils (n = 282) included: anthropometric, blood pressure, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, carotid arteries, kidney and thyroid ultrasound examinations, as well as respiratory, dental and masticatory system, orthopaedic, psychological and psychiatric assessment. Blood and urine tests were also performed. The results of anthropometric examinations from the SOPKARD-Junior and OLAF programmes were used for comparative analysis. Results Statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences between young people from Sopot and their peers in the general Polish population were found in height (+3.61 cm for boys), body mass (+5.19 kg for boys and +3.99 kg for girls), body mass index (+0.99 kg/m2 for boys and +1.33 kg/m2 for girls), waist circumference (+4.52 cm for boys and +4.52 cm for girls) and hip circumference (+2.51 cm for boys). The highest attendance rate was achieved for examinations performed in school (e.g. anthropometric and blood pressure measurements – n = 268; 95%) and the lowest for the echocardiograpy performed in local hospital (n = 133; 47%). The mean score of the programme quality (scale 1–6) assessed by children was 4.63. Conclusions The SOPKARD-Junior programme represents an attempt to develop a model of screening assessments for teenagers in Poland. Preliminary results of the SOPKARD-Junior programme indicate small differences in the biological development of Sopot youth in comparison with their peers from Polish population of the OLAF programme. The high attendance rate on research conducted at the school indicate that proposed health examinations in adolescents are acceptable and feasible. PMID

An assessment of health status and health behaviours in adolescents: main points and methods of the SOPKARD-Junior programme.

PubMed

Suligowska, Klaudia; Czarniak, Piotr; Krawczyk, Michał; Szcześniak, Przemysław; Król, Ewa; Kusiak, Aida; Sabiniewicz, Robert; Wierzba, Tomasz; Utracka, Alicja; Urban, Magdalena; Wytrykowska, Anna; Pakalska, Anna; Drewek, Konrad; Giczewska, Anna; Popowski, Piotr; Wrotkowska, Magdalena; Marczulin, Joanna; Bochniak, Mariusz; Zdrojewski, Tomasz

2018-01-01

The study involved preparing and implementation a model of complex screening programme for adolescents and comparison of anthropometric examinations between the population of the SOPKARD-Junior programme and representative sample of Polish children in the same age. The screening programme in 14-15 year old pupils ( n = 282) included: anthropometric, blood pressure, echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, carotid arteries, kidney and thyroid ultrasound examinations, as well as respiratory, dental and masticatory system, orthopaedic, psychological and psychiatric assessment. Blood and urine tests were also performed. The results of anthropometric examinations from the SOPKARD-Junior and OLAF programmes were used for comparative analysis. Statistically significant ( p < 0.001) differences between young people from Sopot and their peers in the general Polish population were found in height (+3.61 cm for boys), body mass (+5.19 kg for boys and +3.99 kg for girls), body mass index (+0.99 kg/m 2 for boys and +1.33 kg/m 2 for girls), waist circumference (+4.52 cm for boys and +4.52 cm for girls) and hip circumference (+2.51 cm for boys). The highest attendance rate was achieved for examinations performed in school (e.g. anthropometric and blood pressure measurements - n = 268; 95%) and the lowest for the echocardiograpy performed in local hospital ( n = 133; 47%). The mean score of the programme quality (scale 1-6) assessed by children was 4.63. The SOPKARD-Junior programme represents an attempt to develop a model of screening assessments for teenagers in Poland. Preliminary results of the SOPKARD-Junior programme indicate small differences in the biological development of Sopot youth in comparison with their peers from Polish population of the OLAF programme. The high attendance rate on research conducted at the school indicate that proposed health examinations in adolescents are acceptable and feasible.

Microstructural Parameters in 8 MeV Electron-Irradiated BOMBYX MORI Silk Fibers by Wide-ANGLE X-Ray Scattering Studies (waxs)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sangappa, Asha, S.; Sanjeev, Ganesh; Subramanya, G.; Parameswara, P.; Somashekar, R.

2010-01-01

The present work looks into the microstructural modification in electron irradiated Bombyx mori P31 silk fibers. The irradiation process was performed in air at room temperature using 8 MeV electron accelerator at different doses: 0, 25, 50 and 100 kGy. Irradiation of polymer is used to cross-link or degrade the desired component or to fix the polymer morphology. The changes in microstructural parameters in these natural polymer fibers have been computed using wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) data and employing line profile analysis (LPA) using Fourier transform technique of Warren. Exponential, Lognormal and Reinhold functions for the column length distributions have been used for the determination of crystal size, lattice strain and enthalpy parameters.

Indulging anxiety: human enhancement from a Protestant perspective.

PubMed

Hanson, Mark J

1999-08-01

At the heart of any ethics of human enhancement must be some normative assumptions about human nature. The purpose of this essay is to draw on themes from a Protestant theological anthropology to provide a basis for understanding and evaluating the tension between maintaining our humanity and enhancing it. Drawing primarily on the work of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr, I interpret enhancement as proceeding from the anxiety that characterizes human experience at the juncture of freedom and finiteness. Religious and moral dimensions of human sinfulness are considered in relation to cultural values that motivate human enhancement generally. I employ these dimensions in a series of benchmarks to suggest a background of theological, anthropological, and moral considerations against which enhancement is not to be condemmed but rather critically evaluated.

3B.05: COMPARISON OF INCIDENT HYPERTENSION, OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN A REPRESENTATIVE POLISH JUNIOR HIGH-SCHOOL POPULATION IN 2005 VS. 2014.

PubMed

Derezinski, T; Wolf, J; Szyndler, A; Wasikowska, B; Chrostowska, M; Hoffmann, M; Narkiewicz, K

2015-06-01

Body fat excess and incident hypertension are well recognized risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults. At the same time, there is growing recognition of the increasing prevalence of these risk factors in younger populations regardless the implementation of several nation-wide preventive measures. The aim of our study was to compare incident hypertension and body mass status in a representative Polish junior high school population in the year of 2005 and 2014. We recruited consecutive junior high-school students aged between 14 and 16 years old in urban-rural Gniewkowo County in central part of Poland. In the year of 2005 a total of 655 students and 438 students in 2014 would meet age-based inclusion criterion. Measurements included anthropometric assessment eg. height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) and office blood pressure measurements (three measurements, which allowed for averaging of the second and the third). Both hypertension and obesity was diagnosed if the result was equal or greater to 95 percentile. Analogically, the prehypertension state and overweight were determined with 85 percentile. The percentiles distribution in Polish adolescent population was adopted from OLAF study (www.olaf.czd.pl). In 2005 a total of 631 students and corresponding 418 students in 2014 completed the study which accounted for 93% and 95% response-rates, respectively. There was a comparable occurrence of hypertension in two time-points of the study (17.6% vs.17.5% in 2005 and 2014, respectively), however, a significant increase in prehypertension state was noted in 2014 (14.1%) vs. 2005 (8.6%); P < 0.01. Accordingly, the percentage of junior high-school population with abnormal BMI (>25 kg/m2) was significantly higher in 2014 (11% vs. 22% in 2005 and 2014, respectively; P < 0.01). There is an alarming trend in the incidence of prehypertension state and an increased body weight in junior high-school population in the last decade in Poland.

The layer concept: utilization in determining the pain generators, pathology and how structure determines treatment.

PubMed

Draovitch, Peter; Edelstein, Jaime; Kelly, Bryan T

2012-03-01

The level of understanding of pain in the non-arthritic hip has made significant strides in the last couple of decades beginning with the discoveries of Reinhold Ganz, MD. However, even with the detection of subtle bony abnormalities, including femoroacetabular impingement, a clinician's ability to differentiate pain generators in the hip has been ambiguous. Deciphering the etiology of the pathology versus the pain generator is essential in prescribing the proper treatment. The Layer Concept developed by Dr. Bryan Kelly, is a systematic means of determining which structures about the hip are the source of the pathology, which are the pain generators and how to then best implement treatment. Four layers will be discussed in this article. Layer I, the osseous layer, Layer II, the inert tissue layer, Layer III, the contractile layer and Layer IV, the neuromechanical layer.

The Earth is My Footstool: Wells, Stapledon and the Idea of the Post-Human

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parrinder, P.

Despite the history of mutual contacts between H.G. Wells and Olaf Stapledon, Stapledon's science fiction was not written under Wells's shadow. Space travel, for the `agnostic mystic' Stapledon, is a means to develop the full possibilities of the human species as well as to discover the nature and origins of the cosmos. Neither the superhuman beings of Last and First Men , nor the alien planets, stars and galaxies of Star Maker , turn out to be beyond human comprehension. The post-human, properly understood, is the already human; the non-human (i.e. extraterrestrial intelligence in all its varieties) can ultimately join with humanity in a single `communal mind'. Stapledon's universe of repetition with variations may seem to recycle human solipsism, yet - for all his apparent detachment from the mundane - his case for the necessary awakening of `Interplanetary Man' has a genuine urgency.

European National Society Cardiovascular Journals

PubMed Central

Alfonso, F.; Ambrosio, G.; Pinto, F.J.; van der Wall, E.E.

2008-01-01

Anesti Kondili MD, Djamaleddine Nibouche MD, Karlen Adamyan MD, Kurt Huber MD, Hugo Ector MD, Izet Masic MD, Rumiana Tarnovska MD, Mario Ivanusa MD, Vladimír Stane˘k MD, Jørgen Videbæk MD, Mohamed Hamed MD, Alexandras Laucevicius MD, Pirjo Mustonen MD, Jean-Yves Artigou MD, Ariel Cohen MD, Mamanti Rogava MD, Michael Böhm MD, Eckart Fleck MD, Gerd Heusch MD, Rainer Klawki MD, Panos Vardas MD, Christodoulos Stefanadis MD, József Tenczer MD, Massimo Chiariello MD, Aleksandras Laucevicius MD, Joseph Elias MD, Halima Benjelloun MD, Olaf Rødevand MD, Piotr Kul/akowski MD, Edvard Apetrei MD, Victor A. Lusov MD, Rafael G. Oganov MD, Velibor Obradovic MD, Gabriel Kamensky MD, Miran F. Kenda MD, Christer Höglund MD, Thomas F. Lüscher MD, René Lerch MD, Moufid Jokhadar MD, Habib Haouala MD, Vedat Sansoy MD, Valentin Shumakov MD, Adam Timmis MD. (European National Society Cardiovascular Journals Editors, see Appendix for complete affiliations) PMID:18665206

Dysonian Approach to SETI: A Fruitful Middle Ground?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bradbury, R. J.; Cirkovic, M. M.; Dvorsky, G.

We critically assess the prevailing currents in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), embodied in the notion of radio-searches for intentional artificial signals as envisioned by pioneers such as Frank Drake, Philip Morrison, Michael Papagiannis and others. In particular, we emphasize (1) the necessity of integrating SETI into a wider astrobiological and future studies context, (2) the relevance of and lessons to be learnt from the anti-SETI arguments, in particular Fermi's paradox, and (3) a need for complementary approach which we dub the Dysonian SETI. It is meaningfully derived from the inventive and visionary ideas of Freeman J. Dyson and his imaginative precursors, like Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky, Olaf Stapledon, Nikola Tesla or John B. S. Haldane, who suggested macro-engineering projects as the focal points in the context of extrapolations about the future of humanity and, by analogy, other intelligent species. We consider practical ramifications of the Dysonian SETI and indicate some of the promising directions for future work.

The Joyful Child: Michael Olaf's Essential Montessori for Children from Birth to Three Years. 1999-2000 Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stephenson, Susan Mayclin

This publication presents ideas and practical suggestions for caregivers of infants and toddlers from the Montessori Birth to Three Program and contains a catalog of recommended toys and materials for the home and child care setting. The topics discussed include parenting, the Montessori educational philosophy, child development during the first…

Castianeira furva sp. nov. (Araneae, Corinnidae, Castianeirinae), a new polymorphic ground sac spider from the southern Western Ghats of India.

PubMed

Sankaran, Pradeep M; Malamel, Jobi J; Joseph, Mathew M; Sebastian, Pothalil A

2015-06-05

The ground-dwelling, ant-mimicking corinnid spider genus Castianeira, with Castianeira rubicunda as type species, was erected by Keyserling (1879). Members of the genus are closely related to the Afrotropical genus Cambalida Simon, 1910 (Haddad 2012a) and are distributed mainly in tropical and temperate regions of the world except for Australia and nearby islands (World Spider Catalog 2015). The genus was revised from the Nearctic Region and south-east Asia (Reiskind 1969 and Deeleman-Reinhold 2001, respectively) and currently includes 126 described species, making it as the largest genus within the family Corinnidae (World Spider Catalog 2015). Even though the genus is rich in species, the validity and placement of majority of the species are still doubtful and questionable. For example, according to Haddad (2012b), many of the Afrotropical species, as well as majority of the species described from India (Haddad, pers. comm.) are misplaced or synonyms of previously described ones (e.g. Haddad 2012a, 2013a). The genus thus will remain as a trash-can until all the species described so far can be revised.

Waste-handling practices at red meat abattoirs in South Africa.

PubMed

Roberts, Hester; de Jager, Linda; Blight, Geoffrey

2009-02-01

Abattoir waste disposal must be carefully managed because the wastes can be a source of food-borne diseases (Nemerow & Dasgupta Industrial and Hazardous Waste Treatment, p. 284, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1991; Bradshaw et al. The Treatment and Handling of Wastes, p. 183, The Royal Society, Chapman & Hall, London, 1992). Disposal of food that has been condemned because it is known to be diseased is of particular concern, and this paper looks at current disposal methods for such waste in the light of new scientific developments and waste-management strategies. Questionnaires were presented to management and workers at low- and high-throughput red meat abattoirs in the Free State Province, South Africa to determine current waste-handling procedures for condemned products. The waste-handling practices, almost without exception, did not fully comply with the requirements of the South African Red Meat Regulations of 2004, framed under the Meat Safety Act (Act 40 of 2000). The survey highlighted the need to improve current waste-handling strategies to prevent condemned products from re-entering the food chain and contributing to environmental pollution.

Information and the Nature of Reality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davies, Paul; Gregersen, Niels Henrik

2014-05-01

1. Introduction: does information matter?; Paul Davies and Niels Henrik Gregersen; Part I. History: 2. From matter to materialism and (almost) back Ernan McMullin; 3. Unsolved dilemmas: the concept of matter in the history of philosophy and in contemporary physics Philip Clayton; Part II. Physics: 4. Universe from bit Paul Davies; 5. The computational universe Seth Lloyd; 6. Minds and values in the quantum universe Henry Pierce Stapp; Part III. Biology: 7. The concept of information in biology John Maynard Smith; 8. Levels of information: Shannon-Bolzmann-Darwin Terrence W. Deacon; 9. Information and communication in living matter Bernd-Olaf Kuppers; 10. Semiotic freedom: an emerging force Jesper Hoffmeyer; 11. Care on earth: generating informed concern Holmes Rolston; Part IV. Philosophy and Theology: 12. The sciences of complexity - a new theological resource? Arthur Peacocke; 13. God as the ultimate informational principle Keith Ward; 14. Information, theology and the universe John F. Haught; 15. God, matter, and information: towards a Stoicizing Logos christology Niels Henrik Gregersen; 16. What is the 'spiritual body'? Michael Welker; Index.

Information and the Nature of Reality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davies, Paul; Gregersen, Niels Henrik

2010-09-01

1. Introduction: does information matter?; Paul Davies and Niels Henrik Gregersen; Part I. History: 2. From matter to materialism and (almost) back Ernan McMullin; 3. Unsolved dilemmas: the concept of matter in the history of philosophy and in contemporary physics Philip Clayton; Part II. Physics: 4. Universe from bit Paul Davies; 5. The computational universe Seth Lloyd; 6. Minds and values in the quantum universe Henry Pierce Stapp; Part III. Biology: 7. The concept of information in biology John Maynard Smith; 8. Levels of information: Shannon-Bolzmann-Darwin Terrence W. Deacon; 9. Information and communication in living matter Bernd-Olaf Küppers; 10. Semiotic freedom: an emerging force Jesper Hoffmeyer; 11. Care on earth: generating informed concern Holmes Rolston; Part IV. Philosophy and Theology: 12. The sciences of complexity - a new theological resource? Arthur Peacocke; 13. God as the ultimate informational principle Keith Ward; 14. Information, theology and the universe John F. Haught; 15. God, matter, and information: towards a Stoicizing Logos christology Niels Henrik Gregersen; 16. What is the 'spiritual body'? Michael Welker; Index.

The Future and Stapledon's Visions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sawyer, A.

This essay considers the roots of the idea of flight in Olaf Stapledon's Last and First Men, in particular how it is both a symbol of technological and social change, and how it develops from earlier speculations fictions about ballooning at the beginning of the nineteen century to the work of H. G. Wells and Rudyard Kipling at the beginning of the twentieth. While many of these fictions are concerned with the symbolic or mythic qualities of the ``conquest of the air'', their writers also see flight as something firmly grounded in the real world: something that will definitely happen, and not only be the future but will create it in unforeseen ways. Flight is important to Stapledon particularly as an ecstatic, even messianic, response to the idea of the future, which develops from early twentieth century utopian desires. But it is also a central metaphor for his future-history. The aeroplane journey, spanning vast distances from takeoff to touchdown is the image he brings to help us understand how his ``journey'' from First to Eighteenth men, spanning vast expanses of time, is to experienced.

Formation of Ag nanoparticles and enhancement of Tb3+ luminescence in Tb and Ag co-doped lithium-lanthanum-aluminosilicate glass

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Piasecki, Patryk; Piasecki, Ashley; Pan, Zhengda; Mu, Richard; Morgan, Steven H.

2010-12-01

Tb3+ and Ag co-doped glass nano-composites were synthesized in a glass matrix Li2O-LaF3-Al2O3-SiO2 (LLAS) by a melt-quench technique. The growth of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) was controlled by a thermal annealing process. A broad absorption band peaking at about 420 nm was observed due to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag NPs. The intensity of this band grows with increasing annealing time. The transmission electron microscopic image (TEM) reveals the formation of Ag NPs in glass matrix. Photoluminescence (PL) emission and excitation spectra were measured for glass samples with different Ag concentrations and different annealing times. Plasmon enhanced Tb3+ luminescence was observed at certain excitation wavelength regions. Luminescence quenching was also observed for samples with high Ag concentration and longer annealing time. Our luminescence results suggest that there are two competitive effects, enhancement and quenching, acting on Tb3+ luminescence in the presence of Ag NPs. The enhancement of Tb3+ luminescence is mainly attributed to local field effects due to SPR. The quenching of luminescence suggests an energy transfer from Tb3+ ions to Ag NPs.

Microstructures in naturally deformed Upper Rotliegend salt rocks from Northern Germany

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henneberg, Mareike; Hammer, Jörg; Mertineit, Michael

2017-04-01

Permian and Meso-/Cenozoic salt formations are represented in wide parts of the German geologic underground (Reinhold & Hammer 2016). They are of interest for cavern storage of oil and gas as well as of renewable energies (in form of compressed air or hydrogen). For industrial exploration purposes, more detailed data about the composition, barrier properties, as well as the genesis and deformation of the rocks is needed. In central Northern Germany, salt rocks from the Upper Rotliegend are implemented in diapir structures together with salt formations from the Zechstein. Rotliegend salt rocks are characterized by halite that contains patches of detrital material which account for 5 to 60 vol.% of the rock. They show a characteristic red to purple color. Drill cores containing Rotliegend halite rocks from different locations were investigated in this study by using petrographical and microstructural methods. The halite shows different fabric types: (i) euhedral to hypidiomorphic grains with grain sizes up to several millimeters, (ii) polygonal grains with smaller grain sizes between 0.1 and 3 mm, and (iii) fibrous halite. Halite grain boundaries are decorated with fluid inclusions, especially around the contact to detrital material. Subgrains in halite are abundant in all investigated samples and show average sizes between 140 µm and 217 µm. These correspond to average differential stresses of 1 MPa to 1.45 MPa (Carter et al. 1993, Schléder & Urai 2005). The detrital material consists of clasts of quartz, feldspar, mica, carbonates and metal oxides with grain sizes of clay to silt fraction. In some samples, the detrital components show internal deformation by folding and fracturing. Depending on the location, different quantities of authigenic evaporite minerals, like carbonate and anhydrite, formed. Fractures are filled with halite, anhydrite and celestine. The different types of halite fabric are an indication of locally different deformational behavior of the

Continuous deflation and plate spreading at the Askja volcanic system, Iceland: Constrains on deformation processes from finite element models using temperature-dependent non-linear rheology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tariqul Islam, Md.; Sturkell, Erik; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn; Drouin, Vincent Jean Paul B.; Ófeigsson, Benedikt G.

2014-05-01

Iceland is located on the mid Atlantic ridge, where the spreading rate is nearly 2 cm/yr. The high rate of magmatism in Iceland is caused by the interaction between the Iceland hotspot and the divergent mid-Atlantic plate boundary. Iceland hosts about 35 volcanoes or volcanic systems that are active. Most of these are aliened along the plate boundary. The best studied magma chamber of central volcanoes (e.g., Askja, Krafla, Grimsvötn, Katla) have verified (suggested) a shallow magma chamber (< 5 km), which has been model successfully with a Mogi source, using elastic and/or elastic-viscoelastic half-space. Maxwell and Newtonian viscosity is mainly considered for viscoelastic half-space. Therefore, rheology may be oversimplified. Our attempt is to study deformation of the Askja volcano together with plate spreading in Iceland using temperature-dependent non-linear rheology. It offers continuous variation of rheology, laterally and vertically from rift axis and surface. To implement it, we consider thermo-mechanic coupling models where rheology follows dislocation flow in dry condition based on a temperature distribution. Continuous deflation of the Askja volcanic system is associated with solidification of magma in the magma chamber and post eruption relaxation. A long time series of levelling data show its subsidence trend to exponentially. In our preliminary models, a magma chamber at 2.8 km depth with 0.5 km radius is introduced at the ridge axis as a Mogi source. Simultaneously far field of rift axis stretching by 18.4 mm/yr (measured during 2007 to 20013) is applied to reproduce plate spreading. Predicted surface deformation caused of combined effect of tectonic-volcanic activities is evaluated with GPS during 2003-2009 and RADARSAT InSAR data during 2000 to 2010. During 2003-2009, data from the GPS site OLAF (close to the centre of subsidence) shows average rate of subsidence 19±1 mm/yr relative to the ITRF2005 reference frame. The MASK (Mid ASKJA) site is

Health care and ICT, partnership is a must.

PubMed

Bakker, Albert R

2002-11-20

This article comments on the article 'Health Care in the Information Society; A Prognosis for the Year 2013' by Reinhold Haux et al. It is emphasised that besides the driving forces as identified in that article, the changes in the composition of the population will lead to a structural shortage of health professionals. So, despite the willingness of both individual patients and the society as a whole to pay more for health care no significant change will occur in the percentage of the gross domestic product spent on health care. By consequence we can not meet the challenges health care is facing by 'more of the same'. New forms of health care delivery have to be invented and implemented that lead to higher efficiency. The question is discussed whether health care is lagging behind other sectors of society in the application of ICT, the answer to that question is negative. It is explained why the percentage of the budget spent on ICT is no valuable yardstick. Comments are made to the quantitative expectations of Haux et al. Finally it is recommended that IMIA takes the initiative to organise in co-operation with international associations of health professionals a multidisciplinary working conference on the future role of ICT in health care.

The water factor in harvest-sprouting of hard red spring wheat

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bauer, A.; Black, A. L. (Principal Investigator)

1983-01-01

Sprouting in unthreshed, ripe, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is induced by rain, but sprouting does not necessarily occur because the crop is wetted. The spike and grain water conditions conducive to sprouting were determined in a series of laboratory experiments. Sprouting did not occur in field growing wheat wetted to 110% water concentration until the spike water concentration was reduced to 12% and maintained at this concentration for 2 days before wetting. When cut at growth stage 11.3, Feekes scale, Saratovskaya 20 (USSR) sprouted after 4 days drying, Olaf and Alex between 7 and 15 days drying and Columbus, recognized for its resistance to harvest time sprouting, after more than 15 days drying. Sprouting potential was enhanced after 4 wetting drying cycles in which any wetted interval was too brief to permit sufficient water imbibition to initiate sprouting. At harvest ripeness, grain water concentration exceeded spike water concentration by 0.7 percentage units. Following 6 months storage, 20% of the kernels in 300 spike bundles (simulating windrows) sprouted within 28 hrs after initiation of wetting to saturation (150% water concentration). Ninety percent sprouting occurred within 8 days in bundles maintained at 75% water concentration and higher, but less sprouting occurred in bundles dried to 50% water concentration before resaturation.

Wet calcining of trona (sodium sesquicarbonate) and bicarbonate in a mixed solvent

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gärtner, R. S.; Witkamp, G. J.

2002-04-01

Trona ore is used in large amounts for the production of soda ash. A key step in this process is the conversion of trona (sodium sesquicarbonate: Na 2CO 3·NaHCO 3·2H 2O) into soda (sodium carbonate anhydrate: Na 2CO 3). Currently, this conversion is done industrially by calcining of the raw ore in rotary calciners at ca. 120°C or higher (Natural Soda Ash—Occurrences, Processing, and Use, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1991, p. 267). Trona can however be converted at lower temperatures by using a "wet calcining" technique. In this technique, trona is contacted with an organic or mixed organic-aqueous solvent at a conversion temperature that depends on the water activity of the used solvent. In pure ethylene glycol this temperature can be as low as 55°C. The conversion by "wet calcining" occurs very similar to that in the regular dry calcining process via a solid phase conversion. The anhydrate crystals form directly from the solid trona. This produces pseudomorphs (J. Chem. Eng. Data 8(3) (1963) 301), i.e. agglomerates of fine anhydrate crystals (1-10 μm). At high temperatures, dense, finely pored agglomerates are formed, while the outer shape of the agglomerate retains the prism shape of the trona crystal. At low conversion temperatures, loosely packed or even unstable agglomerates are found.

Theater in professor Charcot's galaxy.

PubMed

Poirier, Jacques; Philippon, Jacques

2013-01-01

Jean-Martin Charcot, famous professor of the Chair of Clinic for Diseases of the Nervous System at Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris, was himself an artist, surrounded by artists, and adored the theater. His close colleague Charles Brown-Séquard was ridiculed by Georges Feydeau in a brief freakish monologue recited by Coquelin Cadet, from the Comédie-Française, concerning his claims to rejuvenate himself and others with animal testicle extracts. His friend and patient Alphonse Daudet had written many novels, short stories, and plays. Léon Daudet, Alphonse Daudet's son (and friend of Jean-Baptiste Charcot, the son of the professor), after having abandoned his medical studies, became a writer whose novel Les morticoles was a cruel satire of the medical profession. Among Charcot's pupils, Alfred Binet, Gilbert Ballet, Édouard Brissaud, and Joseph Babinski were particularly involved in the theater. Gilbert Ballet wrote the foreword to La folie au théâtre (Madness in Theatre) by André de Latour. Édouard Brissaud wrote a satiric play Le chèque (The Check), and Joseph Babinski, under the pseudonym of Olaf, was the coauthor with Palau of the drama Les détraquées (The Deranged Women). However, when all is said and done, perhaps the greatest actor in his entourage was Charcot himself. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Everything is connected: social determinants of pediatric health and disease.

PubMed

Tarazi, Carine; Skeer, Margie; Fiscella, Kevin; Dean, Stephanie; Dammann, Olaf

2016-01-01

Carine Tarazi, MA, is an Assistant Editor for Pediatric Research in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Margie Skeer, ScD, MPH, MSW, served as a Guest Editor for this special issue. Dr. Skeer is Assistant Professor of Public Health and Community Medicine at Tufts University. Her research focuses on adolescent substance misuse and sexual risk prevention, both from epidemiologic and intervention-development perspectives. Kevin Fiscella, MD, MPH, served as a Guest Editor for this special issue. Dr. Fiscella is Tenured Professor of Family Medicine, Public Health Sciences and Community Health at the University of Rochester Medical Center. Dr. Fiscella's research focuses on health and health care disparities, particularly practical strategies to improve health equity. Stephanie Dean, MBA, is Managing Editor of Pediatric Research and is based out of editorial office in The Woodlands, Texas. Olaf Dammann, MD, served as a Guest Editor for this special issue. Dr. Dammann is a Professor of Public Health and Community Medicine, Pediatrics, and Ophthalmology at Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston, Massachusetts, USA, as well as Professor of Perinatal Neuroepidemiology at Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. His research interests include the elucidation of risk factors for brain damage and retinopathy in preterm newborns, the theory of risk and causation in biomedical and public health research, and the development of computational chronic disease models.

The determination of residence times in a pilot plant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramírez, F. Pablo; Cortés, M. Eugenia

2004-01-01

It is well known that residence time distributions (RTD) are very important in many chemical processes such as separation, reforming, hydrocracking, fluid catalytic cracking, hydrodesulfuration, hydrogenation among others [3 Procédés de transformation, Editions Technip, Institute Francais du Petrole, Paris, France, 1998]. In addition, tracers can be used to measure the velocity, distribution and residence time of any stream through any part of an industrial [Guidebook on Radioisotope Tracers in Industry, IAEA, Vienna, 1990] or experimental system. Perhaps the best quality of radiotracers is that they do not interfere with normal unit operations or production scheduling. In this paper are presented the RTDs obtained in a pilot plant for a hydrogenation process [IMP, Technical Report, Determinación del tiempo de residencia promedio en el reactor de la planta piloto de hidroagotamiento de crudo, 2002]. The RTDs show a random phenomenon, which is not typical of this type of chemical processes. Several RTDs were determined in order to confirm this random behavior. The data were obtained using as a tracer a radioactive form of sodium iodide containing iodine-131 [The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, USA, 1981]. The process works with two phases in a countercurrent flow, inside a packed column. The liquid phase goes down by gravity. The gas phase goes up due to pressure difference [3 Procédés de transformation, Editions Technip, Institute Francais du Petrole, Paris, France, 1998]. The tracer was selected such that it would follow the liquid phase.

Numerical Evaluation of Storm Surge Indices for Public Advisory Purposes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bass, B.; Bedient, P. B.; Dawson, C.; Proft, J.

2016-12-01

After the devastating hurricane season of 2005, shortcomings with the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale's (SSHS) ability to characterize a tropical cyclones potential to generate storm surge became widely apparent. As a result, several alternative surge indices were proposed to replace the SSHS, including Powell and Reinhold's Integrated Kinetic Energy (IKE) factor, Kantha's Hurricane Surge Index (HSI), and Irish and Resio's Surge Scale (SS). Of the previous, the IKE factor is the only surge index to-date that truly captures a tropical cyclones integrated intensity, size, and wind field distribution. However, since the IKE factor was proposed in 2007, an accurate assessment of this surge index has not been performed. This study provides the first quantitative evaluation of the IKEs ability to serve as a predictor of a tropical cyclones potential surge impacts as compared to other alternative surge indices. Using the tightly coupled ADvanced CIRCulation and Simulating WAves Nearshore models, the surge and wave responses of Hurricane Ike (2008) and 78 synthetic tropical cyclones were evaluated against the SSHS, IKE, HSI and SS. Results along the upper TX coast of the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate that the HSI performs best in capturing the peak surge response of a tropical cyclone, while the IKE accounting for winds greater than tropical storm intensity (IKETS) provides the most accurate estimate of a tropical cyclones regional surge impacts. These results demonstrate that the appropriate selection of a surge index ultimately depends on what information is of interest to be conveyed to the public and/or scientific community.

Emergent 1/f noise in systems of oscillating nanomagnetic dots

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Costanzi, Barry Nicholas

No one makes it this far alone, and I am no exception; here I offer my thanks and gratitude to the many individuals who have helped me make it to where I am today. First and foremost, my adviser Dan Dahlberg. Dan's committment to his students above all else shows in both his advisory style, and his being a strong advocate for his students above all others. His advisement struck the perfect balance of offering direction while still allowing me to come into my own as an independent experimentalist, and really feel that I owned the work I did in the lab, embracing Herb Broida's decree (that was posted all over the lab) to make mistakes as quickly as possible to learn as quickly as possible. He also was always willing to go to bat for students over any University issue; knowing Dan was always in my corner was a huge help many times over. The other graduate students in the Dahlberg lab{Tanner and Feng for showing me the ropes in my early days in the lab, Dan E and Bern for composing the other two- thirds of `The St. Olaf Mafia" and being both imcomparably helpful peers, and great inspirations for the scientist I aspired to be, Dave for his unquenchable enthusiasm for grad school in the face of my increasing jadedness, and for being an unbelievably quick learner and indispensible lab mate, and James and Ben for injecting yet more new life into the lab, to carry on the maximization of JP products. Abstract not available.

Hematozoa of forest birds in American Samoa - Evidence for a diverse, indigenous parasite fauna from the South Pacific

USGS Publications Warehouse

Atkinson, C.T.; Utzurrum, R.C.; Seamon, J.O.; Savage, Amy F.; Lapointe, D.A.

2006-01-01

Introduced avian diseases pose a significant threat to forest birds on isolated island archipelagos, especially where most passerines are endemic and many groups of blood-sucking arthropods are either absent or only recently introduced. We conducted a blood parasite survey of forest birds from the main islands of American Samoa to obtain baseline information about the identity, distribution and prevalence of hematozoan parasites in this island group. We examined Giemsa-stained blood smears from 857 individual birds representing 20 species on Tutuila, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u islands. Four hematozoan parasites were identified - Plasmodium circumflexum (1%, 12/857), Trypanosoma avium (4%, 32/857), microfilaria (9%, 76/857), and an Atoxoplasma sp. (<1%, 2/857). Infections were found in seven indigenous bird species from the archipelago. Overall prevalence of infection varied significantly among bird species, individual islands, and between Tutuila and the more isolated Manu'a group of islands. Infections with Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and filarial worms occurred throughout the archipelago, including islands without introduced birds. There was a statistically significant difference in the overall prevalence of infection before and after Hurricane Olaf in February 2005, suggesting that catastrophic hurricanes may influence the dynamics of parasite infections. Given the central location of American Samoa in the South Pacific, it is likely that avian malaria and other hematozoan parasites are indigenous and widespread at least as far as the central South Pacific. Their natural occurrence may provide some immunological protection to indigenous birds in the event that other closely related parasites are accidentally introduced to the region.

The invention of the psychosocial: An introduction

PubMed Central

Hayward, Rhodri

2012-01-01

Although the compound adjective ‘psychosocial’ was first used by academic psychologists in the 1890s, it was only in the interwar period that psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers began to develop detailed models of the psychosocial domain. These models marked a significant departure from earlier ideas of the relationship between society and human nature. Whereas Freudians and Darwinians had described an antagonistic relationship between biological instincts and social forces, interwar authors insisted that individual personality was made possible through collective organization. This argument was advanced by dissenting psychoanalysts such as Ian Suttie and Karen Horney; biologists including Julian Huxley and Hans Selye; philosophers (e.g. Olaf Stapledon), anthropologists (e.g. Margaret Mead) and physicians (e.g John Ryle and James Halliday). This introduction and the essays that follow sketch out the emergence of the psycho-social by examining the methods, tools and concepts through which it was articulated. New statistical technologies and physiological theories allowed individual pathology to be read as an index of broader social problems and placed medical expertise at the centre of new political programmes. In these arguments the intangible structure of social relationships was made visible and provided a template for the development of healthy and effective forms of social organization. By examining the range of techniques deployed in the construction of the psychosocial (from surveys of civilian neurosis, techniques of family observation through to animal models of psychotic breakdown) a critical genealogy of the biopolitical basis of modern society is developed. PMID:23626408

Ore Deposits of the Jerome and Bradshaw Mountains Quadrangles, Arizona

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lindgren, Waldemar; Heikes, V.C.

1926-01-01

In the summer of 1922, at the request of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, I undertook an examination of the ore deposits in the Jerome and Bradshaw Mountains quadrangles, Ariz. (See fig. 1.) The object of this work was not a detailed investigation of each deposit but rather a coordination and classification of the occurrences and an attempt to ascertain their origin and economic importance. Almost all the deposits occur in pre-Cambrian rocks or in rocks that are not readily differentiated from the pre-Cambrian. In the northern part of the Jerome quadrangle there are large areas of almost horizontal Paleozoic beds, and in both quadrangles there are also large areas of lava flows of Tertiary age. Finally there are wide spaces occupied by Tertiary tuff and limestone, or by Tertiary and Quaternary wash filling the valleys between the mountain ranges. But all these rocks except the pre-Cambrian are practically barren of ore deposits, and the problem therefore narrowed itself to an examination of the pre-Cambrian areas. This task was greatly facilitated by the careful work of Jaggar and Palache, set forth in the Bradshaw Mountains folio,l in which the southern quadrangle of the two under present consideration is mapped geologically and described, and which also includes a comprehensive though brief discussion of the mineral deposits. There is no published geologic map of the Jerome quadrangle, but I had the opportunity through the courtesy of Dr. G. M. Butler, Director of the Arizona Bureau of Mines, to use a manuscript map of this area prepared for the State by Mr. L. E. Reber, jr., and Mr. Olaf Jenkins.

Effect of source of funding on weight loss up to 3 years after gastric banding.

PubMed

Afoke, Jonathan; Agrawal, Sanjay; Edmond, Janet; Mahon, David; Welbourn, Richard

2013-04-01

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a popular choice for patients seeking weight loss surgery. Since behavioural change appears to play a role in weight loss outcomes we postulated that publicly funded patients might not do as well as self-payers. This series examines the effect of public funding versus self-pay on patients undergoing LAGB over 1, 2 and 3 years. Consecutive non-randomised cohort series of patient undergoing LAGB over 5 years (September 2003 to December 2008) in a single unit. Age, sex, funding route, body mass index (BMI) and complications were recorded. Per cent excess weight loss (EWL) and the Reinhold criterion for success (proportion achieving 50 % EWL) were assessed. Ninety-nine patients were publicly funded, and 250 patients were self-payers. Initial BMI was significantly higher in publicly funded patients (46.6 vs. 42.3 kg/m(2), p < 0.001) with a higher proportion of males (22.2 vs. 6.0 %, p < 0.001). Mean % EWL was significantly less for publicly funded patients at 1 year (38.1 vs. 53.5 %, p < 0.001) and 2 years (49.6 vs. 64.1 %, p < 0.001), but not at 3 years (59.7 vs. 61.8 %, p = 0.784). Fewer publicly funded patients achieved 50 % EWL at 1 year (24.5 vs. 50.2 %, p < 0.001), but with no significant difference at 2 years (54.8 vs. 67.0 %, p = 0.140) or 3 years (55.2 vs. 66.0 %, p = 0.349). Self-pay patients initially achieved more % EWL and greater success in reaching 50 % EWL after LAGB, but this difference was not maintained. The results suggest that patient motivation, using self-pay as a surrogate marker, may affect early results, but the operation itself is the main determinant of weight loss at 3 years.

Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species

PubMed Central

Wang, Chun-Xia; Xu, Xin; Li, Shu-Qiang

2017-01-01

Extreme environments, such as subterranean habitats, are suspected to be responsible for morphologically inseparable cryptic or sibling species and can bias biodiversity assessment. A DNA barcode is a short, standardized DNA sequence used for taxonomic purposes and has the potential to lessen the challenges presented by a biotic inventory. Here, we investigate the diversity of the genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 that is endemic to karst systems in Eurasia using DNA barcoding. We analyzed 624 specimens using one mitochondrial gene fragment (COI). The results show that DNA barcoding is an efficient and rapid species identification method in this genus. DNA barcoding gap and automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) analyses indicated the existence of 90 species, a result consistent with previous taxonomic hypotheses, and supported the existence of extreme male pedipalpal tibial spine and median apophysis polymorphism in Leptonetela species, with direct implications for the taxonomy of the group and its diversity. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we delimit and diagnose 90 Leptonetela species, including the type species Leptonetela kanellisi(Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971). Forty-six of them are previously undescribed. The female of Leptonetela zhai Wang & Li, 2011 is reported for the first time. Leptonetela tianxinensis (Tong & Li, 2008) comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Leptoneta Simon, 1872;the genus Guineta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela gigachela(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Guineta. The genus Sinoneta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela notabilis(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. and Leptonetela sexdigiti(Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. are transferred from Sinoneta; Leptonetela sanchahe Wang & Li nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Sinoneta palmata(Chen et al, 2010) because Leptonetela palmata is preoccupied. PMID:29280363

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Partition functions for molecules and atoms (Barklem+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barklem, P. S.; Collet, R.

2016-02-01

The results and input data are presented in the following files. Table 1 contains dissociation energies from the literature, and final adopted values, for 291 molecules. The literature values are from the compilations of Huber & Herzberg (1979, Constants of Diatomic Molecules (Van Nostrand Reinhold), Luo (2007, Comprehensive Handbook of Chemical Bond Energies (CRC Press)) and G2 theory calculations of Curtiss et al. (1991, J. Chem. Phys., 94, 7221). Table 2 contains the input data for the molecular calculations including adopted dissociation energy, nuclear spins, molecular spectroscopic constants and their sources. There are 291 files, one for each molecule, labelled by the molecule name. The various molecular spectroscopic constants are as defined in the paper. Table 4 contains the first, second and third ionisation energies for all chemical elements from H to U. The data comes from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Haynes, W.M. 2010, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 91st edn. (CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group)). Table 5a contains a list of keys to bibliographic references for the atomic energy level data that was extracted from NIST Atomic Spectra Database and used in the present work to compute atomic partition functions. The citation keys are abbreviations of the full bibliographic references which are made available in Table 5b in BibTeX format. Table 5b contains the full bibliographic references for the atomic energy level data that was extracted from the NIST Atomic Spectra Database. Table 6 contains tabulated partition function data as a function of temperature for 291 molecules. Table 7 contains tabulated equilibrium constant data as a function of temperature for 291 molecules. Table 8 contains tabulated partition function data as a function of temperature for 284 atoms and ions. The paper should be consulted for further details. (10 data files).

A multi-method approach toward de novo glycan characterization: a Man-5 case study.

PubMed

Prien, Justin M; Prater, Bradley D; Cockrill, Steven L

2010-05-01

Regulatory agencies' expectations for biotherapeutic approval are becoming more stringent with regard to product characterization, where minor species as low as 0.1% of a given profile are typically identified. The mission of this manuscript is to demonstrate a multi-method approach toward de novo glycan characterization and quantitation, including minor species at or approaching the 0.1% benchmark. Recently, unexpected isomers of the Man(5)GlcNAc(2) (M(5)) were reported (Prien JM, Ashline DJ, Lapadula AJ, Zhang H, Reinhold VN. 2009. The high mannose glycans from bovine ribonuclease B isomer characterization by ion trap mass spectrometry (MS). J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 20:539-556). In the current study, quantitative analysis of these isomers found in commercial M(5) standard demonstrated that they are in low abundance (<1% of the total) and therefore an exemplary "litmus test" for minor species characterization. A simple workflow devised around three core well-established analytical procedures: (1) fluorescence derivatization; (2) online rapid resolution reversed-phase separation coupled with negative-mode sequential mass spectrometry (RRRP-(-)-MS(n)); and (3) permethylation derivatization with nanospray sequential mass spectrometry (NSI-MS(n)) provides comprehensive glycan structural determination. All methods have limitations; however, a multi-method workflow is an at-line stopgap/solution which mitigates each method's individual shortcoming(s) providing greater opportunity for more comprehensive characterization. This manuscript is the first to demonstrate quantitative chromatographic separation of the M(5) isomers and the use of a commercially available stable isotope variant of 2-aminobenzoic acid to detect and chromatographically resolve multiple M(5) isomers in bovine ribonuclease B. With this multi-method approach, we have the capabilities to comprehensively characterize a biotherapeutic's glycan array in a de novo manner, including structural isomers at >/=0

Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species.

PubMed

Wang, Chun-Xia; Xu, Xin; Li, Shu-Qiang

2017-11-18

Extreme environments, such as subterranean habitats, are suspected to be responsible for morphologically inseparable cryptic or sibling species and can bias biodiversity assessment. A DNA barcode is a short, standardized DNA sequence used for taxonomic purposes and has the potential to lessen the challenges presented by a biotic inventory. Here, we investigate the diversity of the genus Leptonetela Kratochvíl, 1978 that is endemic to karst systems in Eurasia using DNA barcoding. We analyzed 624 specimens using one mitochondrial gene fragment ( COI ). The results show that DNA barcoding is an efficient and rapid species identification method in this genus. DNA barcoding gap and automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) analyses indicated the existence of 90 species, a result consistent with previous taxonomic hypotheses, and supported the existence of extreme male pedipalpal tibial spine and median apophysis polymorphism in Leptonetela species, with direct implications for the taxonomy of the group and its diversity. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we delimit and diagnose 90 Leptonetela species, including the type species Leptonetela kanellisi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971). Forty-six of them are previously undescribed. The female of Leptonetela zhai Wang & Li, 2011 is reported for the first time. Leptonetela tianxinensis (Tong & Li, 2008) comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Leptoneta Simon, 1872; the genus Guineta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela gigachela (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Guineta . The genus Sinoneta Lin & Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela ; Leptonetela notabilis (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. and Leptonetela sexdigiti (Lin & Li, 2010) comb. nov. are transferred from Sinoneta ; Leptonetela sanchahe Wang & Li nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Sinoneta palmata (Chen et al., 2010) because Leptonetela palmata is preoccupied.

Spirit Near 'Stapledon' on Sol 1802 (Vertical)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

NASA Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera for the images assembled into this full-circle view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,802nd Martian day, or sol, (January 26, 2009) of Spirit's mission on the surface of Mars. North is at the top.

This view is presented as a vertical projection with geometric seam correction.

Spirit had driven down off the low plateau called 'Home Plate' on Sol 1782 (January 6, 2009) after spending 12 months on a north-facing slope on the northern edge of Home Plate. The position on the slope (at about the 9-o'clock position in this view) tilted Spirit's solar panels toward the sun, enabling the rover to generate enough electricity to survive its third Martian winter. Tracks at about the 11-o'clock position of this panorama can be seen leading back to that 'Winter Haven 3' site from the Sol 1802 position about 10 meters (33 feet) away. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about one meter (40 inches).

Where the receding tracks bend to the left, a circular pattern resulted from Spirit turning in place at a soil target informally named 'Stapledon' after William Olaf Stapledon, a British philosopher and science-fiction author who lived from 1886 to 1950. Scientists on the rover team suspected that the soil in that area might have a high concentration of silica, resembling a high-silica soil patch discovered east of Home Plate in 2007. Bright material visible in the track furthest to the right was examined with Spirit's alpha partical X-ray spectrometer and found, indeed, to be rich in silica.

The team laid plans to drive Spirit from this Sol 1802 location back up onto Home Plate, then southward for the rover's summer field season.

Spirit Near 'Stapledon' on Sol 1802

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

NASA Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera for the images assembled into this full-circle view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,802nd Martian day, or sol, (January 26, 2009) of Spirit's mission on the surface of Mars. South is at the center; north is at both ends.

Spirit had driven down off the low plateau called 'Home Plate' on Sol 1782 (January 6, 2009) after spending 12 months on a north-facing slope on the northern edge of Home Plate. The position on the slope (at about the 9-o'clock position in this view) tilted Spirit's solar panels toward the sun, enabling the rover to generate enough electricity to survive its third Martian winter. Tracks at about the 11-o'clock position of this panorama can be seen leading back to that 'Winter Haven 3' site from the Sol 1802 position about 10 meters (33 feet) away. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about one meter (40 inches).

Where the receding tracks bend to the left, a circular pattern resulted from Spirit turning in place at a soil target informally named 'Stapledon' after William Olaf Stapledon, a British philosopher and science-fiction author who lived from 1886 to 1950. Scientists on the rover team suspected that the soil in that area might have a high concentration of silica, resembling a high-silica soil patch discovered east of Home Plate in 2007. Bright material visible in the track furthest to the right was examined with Spirit's alpha partical X-ray spectrometer and found, indeed, to be rich in silica.

The team laid plans to drive Spirit from this Sol 1802 location back up onto Home Plate, then southward for the rover's summer field season.

This view is presented as a cylindrical projection with geometric seam correction.

Spirit Near 'Stapledon' on Sol 1802 (Polar)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

NASA Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera for the images assembled into this full-circle view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,802nd Martian day, or sol, (January 26, 2009) of Spirit's mission on the surface of Mars. North is at the top.

This view is presented as a polar projection with geometric seam correction.

Spirit had driven down off the low plateau called 'Home Plate' on Sol 1782 (January 6, 2009) after spending 12 months on a north-facing slope on the northern edge of Home Plate. The position on the slope (at about the 9-o'clock position in this view) tilted Spirit's solar panels toward the sun, enabling the rover to generate enough electricity to survive its third Martian winter. Tracks at about the 11-o'clock position of this panorama can be seen leading back to that 'Winter Haven 3' site from the Sol 1802 position about 10 meters (33 feet) away. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about one meter (40 inches).

Where the receding tracks bend to the left, a circular pattern resulted from Spirit turning in place at a soil target informally named 'Stapledon' after William Olaf Stapledon, a British philosopher and science-fiction author who lived from 1886 to 1950. Scientists on the rover team suspected that the soil in that area might have a high concentration of silica, resembling a high-silica soil patch discovered east of Home Plate in 2007. Bright material visible in the track furthest to the right was examined with Spirit's alpha partical X-ray spectrometer and found, indeed, to be rich in silica.

The team laid plans to drive Spirit from this Sol 1802 location back up onto Home Plate, then southward for the rover's summer field season.

Report about the Solar Eclipse on August 11, 1999

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1999-08-01

This webpage provides information about the total eclipse on Wednesday, August 11, 1999, as it was seen by ESO staff, mostly at or near the ESO Headquarters in Garching (Bavaria, Germany). The zone of totality was about 108 km wide and the ESO HQ were located only 8 km south of the line of maximum totality. The duration of the phase of totality was about 2 min 17 sec. The weather was quite troublesome in this geographical area. Heavy clouds moved across the sky during the entire event, but there were also some holes in between. Consequently, sites that were only a few kilometres from each other had very different viewing conditions. Some photos and spectra of the eclipsed Sun are displayed below, with short texts about the circumstances under which they were made. Please note that reproduction of pictures on this webpage is only permitted, if the author is mentioned as source. Information made available before the eclipse is available here. Eclipse Impressions at the ESO HQ Photo by Eddy Pomaroli Preparing for the Eclipse Photo: Eddy Pomaroli [JEG: 400 x 239 pix - 116k] [JPEG: 800 x 477 pix - 481k] [JPEG: 3000 x 1789 pix - 3.9M] Photo by Eddy Pomaroli During the 1st Partial Phase Photo: Eddy Pomaroli [JPEG: 400 x 275 pix - 135k] [JPEG: 800 x 549 pix - 434k] [JPEG: 2908 x 1997 pix - 5.9M] Photo by Hamid Mehrgan Heavy Clouds Above Digital Photo: Hamid Mehrgan [JPEG: 400 x 320 pix - 140k] [JPEG: 800 x 640 pix - 540k] [JPEG: 1280 x 1024 pix - 631k] Photo by Olaf Iwert Totality Approaching Digital Photo: Olaf Iwert [JPEG: 400 x 320 pix - 149k] [JPEG: 800 x 640 pix - 380k] [JPEG: 1280 x 1024 pix - 536k] Photo by Olaf Iwert Beginning of Totality Digital Photo: Olaf Iwert [JPEG: 400 x 236 pix - 86k] [JPEG: 800 x 471 pix - 184k] [JPEG: 1280 x 753 pix - 217k] Photo by Olaf Iwert A Happy Eclipse Watcher Digital Photo: Olaf Iwert [JPEG: 400 x 311 pix - 144k] [JPEG: 800 x 622 pix - 333k] [JPEG: 1280 x 995 pix - 644k] ESO HQ Eclipse Video Clip [MPEG-version] ESO HQ Eclipse Video

Operation Everest II and the 1978 Habeler/Messner ascent of Everest without bottled O2: what might they have in common?

PubMed

Wagner, Peter D

2017-12-01

In 1978, Peter Habeler and Reinhold Messner climbed Everest without supplemental O 2 . Subsequently, Oelz et al. (Oelz O, Howald H, Di Prampero PE, Hoppeler H, Claassen H, Jenni R, Bühlmann A, Ferretti G, Brückner JC, Veicsteinas A, Gussoni M, Cerretelli P. J Appl Physiol (1985) 60: 1734-1742, 1986) assessed their cardiopulmonary function, finding no advantageous physiological attributes to explain their success, and leading West (West JB. High Life: A History of High-Altitude Physiology and Medicine. New York: Oxford University, 1998) to suggest that grit and determination were more important. In 1985, Charlie Houston, John Sutton, and Al Cymerman hosted a scientific project assessing a simulated ascent of Everest (OE II) at the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine. Included were measurements of O 2 transport. In particular, mixed venous Po 2 was measured at/near maximal exercise, for calculating pulmonary O 2 -diffusing capacity. A serendipitous observation was made: while both V̇o 2max and mixed venous Po 2 fell with altitude (as expected), it was how they fell-in direct proportion-that was remarkable. It later became clear that this reflected diffusion limitation of O 2 transport from muscle microvessels to the mitochondria, and that this last step in O 2 transport plays a major role in limiting V̇o 2max . Thus, how Habeler and Messner made it up Everest without bottled O 2 and no special cardiopulmonary attributes might be explained if their muscle O 2 -diffusing capacity, which depends largely on muscle capillarity, was unusually high. Oelz et al. mention that muscle capillary density was substantially-40%-above normal, but did not suggest that this accounted for the climbers' success. Therefore, high muscle capillarity, enhancing diffusive unloading of O 2 , may have been a major enabling physiological attribute for Habeler and Messner and that OE II, by chance, played a key role in bringing this to light.

Impact Craters: Size-Dependent Degration Rates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ravi, S.; Mahanti, P.; Meyer, H. M.; Robinson, M. S.

2017-12-01

From superposition relations, Shoemaker and Hackman (1) devised the lunar geologic timescale with Copernican and Eratosthenian as the most recent periods. Classifying craters into the two periods is key to understanding impactor flux and regolith maturation rates over the last 3 Ga. Both Copernican and Eratosthenian craters exhibit crisp morphologies (sharp rims, steep slopes), however, only the former exhibit high reflectance rays and ejecta (1). Based on the Optical Maturity Parameter (OMAT; 2), Grier et al. (3) classified 50 fresh craters (D >20 km) into 3 categories - young (OMAT >0.22), intermediate, and old (OMAT <0.16). In our previous work, Copernican craters (D > 10) were identified (4) from a catalogue of 11,875 craters (5). In this work; we compare two size ranges (D: 5 km - 10 km and 10 km to 15 km) of 177 Copernican craters based on the average OMAT, measured near the crater rim (3). OMAT is measured at the crater rim (as opposed to further away from the crater) to minimize the influence of spatial variation of OMAT (6) in our investigation. We found that OMAT values are typically lower for smaller craters (5km < D < 10km) in comparison to larger craters (10km < D < 15km). However, when compared against morphological freshness (as determined by d/D for simpler craters), the smaller craters were fresher (higher d/D value). Since the OMAT value decreases with age, craters with higher d/D value (morphologically fresher) should have higher OMAT, but this is not the case. We propose that quicker loss of OMAT (over time) for smaller craters compared to decrease in d/D with crater ageing, is responsible for the observed decreased OMAT for smaller craters. (1) Shoemaker and Hackman, 1962 (2) Lucey et al., 2000 (3) Grier et al., 2001 (4) Ravi et al., 2016 (5) Reinhold et al., 2015 (6) Mahanti et al., 2016

Extreme Storm Surges in the North Sea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goennert, G.; Buß, Th.; Mueller, O.; Thumm, S.

2009-04-01

Extreme Storm Surges in the North Sea Gabriele Gönnert, Olaf Müller, Thomas Buß and Sigrid Thumm Climate Change will cause a rise of the sea level and probably more frequent and more violent storm surges. This has serious consequences for the safety of people as well as for their values and assets behind the dikes. It is therefore inevitable to first assess how sea level rise and an extreme storm surge event designes. In a second step it is possible to determine the risk for specific locations and develop strategies. The Project XtremRisk - Extreme Storm Surges at the North Sea Coast and in Estuaries. Risk calculation and risk strategies, funded by the German Federal Government will help answering these questions. The „Source-Pathway-Receptor" Concept will be used as a basis for risk analysis and development of new strategies. The Project offers methods to assess the development of extreme events under the conditions of today. Under conditions reflecting the climate change it will be tried to design an extreme event. For these three main points will be considered: a) Analysis and calculation of each factor, which produce a storm surge and its maximum level occurring in the last 100 years. These are: - maximum surge level: surge (due to the wind), - influence of the tide and the interaction between surge and tide, - influence of external surges , b) The hydrodynamics of a storm surge cause nonlinear effects in the interaction of the named factors. These factors and effects will both be taken into account to calculate the magnitude of the extreme storm surge. This step is very complex and need additional examination by numerical models. c) Analysis of the different scenarios to mean sea level rise and to the increase of wind speed due to the climate change. The presentation will introduce methods and show first results of the analysis of extreme events and the mean sea level rise.

Interaction of Water Supply and N in Wheat 1

PubMed Central

Morgan, Jack A.

1984-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of N nutrition and water stress on stomatal behavior and CO2 exchange rate in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Olaf). Wheat plants were grown hydroponically with high (100 milligrams per liter) and low (10 milligrams per liter) N. When plants were 38 days old, a 24-day water stress cycle was begun. A gradual increase in nutrient solution osmotic pressure from 0.03 to 1.95 mega Pascals was achieved by incremental additions of PEG-6,000. Plants in both N treatments adjusted osmotically, although leaf water potential was consistently lower and relative water content greater for low N plants in the first half of the stress cycle. Leaf conductance of high N plants appeared greater than that of low N plants at high water potentials, but showed greater sensitivity to reductions in water potential as indicated by earlier stomatal closure during the stress cycle. The apparent greater stomatal sensitivity of high N plants was associated with a curvilinear relationship between leaf conductance and leaf water potential; low N plants exhibited more of a threshold response. Trends in [CO2]INT throughout the stress cycle indicated nonstomatal effects of water stress on CO2 exchange rate were greater in high N plants. Although estimates of [CO2]INT were generally lower in high N plants, they were relatively insensitive to leaf water potential-induced changes in leaf conductance. In contrast, [CO2]INT of low N plants dropped concomitantly with leaf conductance at low leaf water potentials. Oxygen response of CO2 exchange rate for both treatments was affected less by reductions in water potential than was CO2 exchange rate at 2.5% O2, suggesting that CO2 assimilation capacity of the leaves was affected more by reductions in leaf water potential than were processes related to photorespiration. PMID:16663780

[Consequences of short term fluctuations of the environmental temperatures in calves--Part 2: Effects on the health status of animals within three weeks after exposure].

PubMed

Reinhold, P; Elmer, S

2002-04-01

The aim of the present study was to examine consequences of sudden changes in ambient temperature over a 4-hour period (see part 1 [ELMER & REINHOLD, 2002]) on respiratory health in clinically healthy calves. Therefore, the relationship between short-term changes in ambient temperature and the occurrence of clinical respiratory disease was checked over a period of 3 weeks after exposure in 10 calves exposed to 5 degrees C, in 9 calves exposed to 35 degrees C and in 8 control calves (kept at 18-20 degrees C). Within the period beginning 3 days before exposure and lasting until up to 21 days after exposure, each calf was examined clinically. Rectal temperature and respiratory rate were measured daily. All calves were euthanised on day 21 after exposure. Macroscopically visible pneumonic lesions were evaluated using a semiquantitative system. Tissue samples from tonsils, bronchi, trachea, lung and mediastinal lymph nodes were examined bacteriologically. In contrast to non-exposed control calves, severe respiratory illness was observed in individual calves of both exposed groups (5 degrees C, 35 degrees C). Significant increases in body temperature, respiratory rate and animal losses (2 calves died in the group exposed to 5 degrees C, one calf died in the group exposed to 35 degrees C) were the main clinical findings. At necropsy (3 weeks after exposure), no pneumonic lesions were observed in control calves--despite the fact that this group had the highest microbiological colonisation rates in tonsils and in large airways, i.e. trachea and bronchi, within all groups. However, variable pneumonic lung lesions were seen in remaining calves exposed to cold or warm air (5 degrees C, 35 degrees C). The microbiological examination confirmed that mainly Mycoplasma spp. were identified in the lung tissue of calves exposed to 5 degrees C while Pasteurella multocida and/or Mannheimia haemolytica were the only germs found in the lung tissue of calves exposed to 35 degrees C. The

Teaching and learning science in linguistically diverse classrooms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moore, Emilee; Evnitskaya, Natalia; Ramos-de Robles, S. Lizette

2017-01-01

In this paper we reflect on the article, Science education in a bilingual class: problematising a translational practice, by Zeynep Ünsal, Britt Jakobson, Bengt-Olav Molander and Per-Olaf Wickman (Cult Stud Sci Educ, 10.1007/s11422-016-9747-3). In their article, the authors present the results of a classroom research project by responding to one main question: How is continuity between everyday language and the language of science construed in a bilingual science classroom where the teacher and the students do not speak the same minority language? Specifically, Ünsal et al. examine how bilingual students construe relations between everyday language and the language of science in a class taught in Swedish, in which all students also spoke Turkish, whereas the teacher also spoke Bosnian, both being minority languages in the context of Swedish schools. In this forum, we briefly discuss why close attention to bilingual dynamics emerging in classrooms such as those highlighted by Ünsal et al. matters for science education. We continue by discussing changing ontologies in relation to linguistic diversity and education more generally. Recent research in bilingual immersion classroom settings in so-called "content" subjects such as Content and Language Integrated Learning, is then introduced, as we believe this research offers some significant insights in terms of how bilingualism contributes to knowledge building in subjects such as science. Finally, we offer some reflections in relation to the classroom interactional competence needed by teachers in linguistically diverse classrooms. In this way, we aim to further the discussion initiated by Ünsal et al. and to offer possible frameworks for future research on bilingualism in science education. In their article, Ünsal et al. conclude the analysis of the classroom data by arguing in favor of a translanguaging pedagogy, an approach to teaching and learning in which students' whole language repertoires are used as

Proceedings of the Ringberg Workshop New Trends in HERA Physics 2005

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grindhammer, G.; Ochs, W.; Kniehl, B. A.; Kramer, G.

2006-04-01

1. Proton structure. Proton structure measurements at high Q2 and large x / Katarzyna Wichmann. Electroweak physics at HERA / Joachim Meyer. Inclusive low Q2 measurements at HERA / Victor Lendermann. Resummed perturbative evolution at high energy / Richard Ball. Colour dipole phenomenology / Graham Shaw -- 2. Spin physics. Exclusive reactions at HERMES / Frank Ellinghaus. Transverse spin effects in single and double hadron electroproduction at HERMES / Benedikt Zihlmann. Present understanding of the nucleon spin structure in view of recent experiments / Andreas Metz -- 3. Production of Hadrons and Jets. Measurements of [symbol] and parton distribution functions using HERA jet data / Amanda Cooper-Sarkar. A new parton shower algorithm: shower evolution, matching at leading and next-to-leading order level / Zóltan Nagy. Jet production at HERA / Dan Traynor. Multi-jet production in lepton-proton scattering with next-to-leading order accuracy / Zóltan Trócsányi. Dijet rates with symmetric [symbol] cuts / Andrea Banfi. QCD dynamics from forward hadron and jet measurements / Lidia Goerlich. Light-hadron electroproduction at next-to-leading order and implications / Bernd Kniehl. Particle production and fragmentation / David Saxon. Soft gluon logarithmic resummation and hadron mass effects in single hadron inclusive production / Simon Albino -- 4. Heavy-flavour production. Heavy-flavour photo- and electroproduction at NLO / Ingo Schienbein. Physics with charm quarks at HERA / John Loizides. Beauty production at HERA / Olaf Behnke. J/[symbol] photoproduction at next-to-leading order / Luminita Mihaila. J/[symbol] photoproduction at large z in soft collinear effective theory / Sean Fleming -- 5. Diffractive ep Scattering. Exclusive and inclusive diffraction at HERA / Henri Kowalski. Diffractive production of vector mesons and the gluon at small x / Thomas Teubner. Inclusive diffraction / Laurent Favart. From factorization to its breaking in diffractive dijet production

FOREWORD: Structural Health Monitoring and Intelligent Infrastructure

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Zhishen; Fujino, Yozo

2005-06-01

quality standards as for any paper in a regular issue. The papers cover a wide spectrum of topics including smart and effective sensing technologies, reliable approaches to signal processing, rational data gathering and interpretation methods, advanced damage characterization, modeling feature selection and diagnosis methods, and system integration technologies, etc. This special issue contains the most up-to-date achievements in SHM and intelligent technologies and provides information pertaining to their current and potential applications in infrastructure. It is our hope that this special issue makes a significant contribution in advancing awareness and acceptance of SHM and intelligent technologies for the maintenance and construction of different kinds of infrastructure. We would like to express our sincere thanks to Professor Varadan (Editor-in-Chief), Professor Matsuzaki (Regional Editor), the Editorial Assistants and the staff at Institute of Physics Publishing for their great support and advice in publishing this special issue. Special thanks are due to all the reviewers for their willingness to share their time and expertise. Final but important thanks go to Ms Suzhen Li (Doctorate Candidate at Ibaraki University) for her assistance in editing this special issue.

Spirit Near 'Stapledon' on Sol 1802 (Stereo)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2009-01-01

[figure removed for brevity, see original site] Left-eye view of a color stereo pair for PIA11781 [figure removed for brevity, see original site] Right-eye view of a color stereo pair for PIA11781

NASA Mars Exploration Rover Spirit used its navigation camera for the images assembled into this stereo, full-circle view of the rover's surroundings during the 1,802nd Martian day, or sol, (January 26, 2009) of Spirit's mission on the surface of Mars. South is at the center; north is at both ends.

This view combines images from the left-eye and right-eye sides of the navigation camera. It appears three-dimensional when viewed through red-blue glasses with the red lens on the left.

Spirit had driven down off the low plateau called 'Home Plate' on Sol 1782 (January 6, 2009) after spending 12 months on a north-facing slope on the northern edge of Home Plate. The position on the slope (at about the 9-o'clock position in this view) tilted Spirit's solar panels toward the sun, enabling the rover to generate enough electricity to survive its third Martian winter. Tracks at about the 11-o'clock position of this panorama can be seen leading back to that 'Winter Haven 3' site from the Sol 1802 position about 10 meters (33 feet) away. For scale, the distance between the parallel wheel tracks is about one meter (40 inches).

Where the receding tracks bend to the left, a circular pattern resulted from Spirit turning in place at a soil target informally named 'Stapledon' after William Olaf Stapledon, a British philosopher and science-fiction author who lived from 1886 to 1950. Scientists on the rover team suspected that the soil in that area might have a high concentration of silica, resembling a high-silica soil patch discovered east of Home Plate in 2007. Bright material visible in the track furthest to the right was examined with Spirit's alpha partical X-ray spectrometer and found, indeed, to be rich in silica.

The team laid plans to drive Spirit from

Laboratory modeling of air-sea interaction under severe wind conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Troitskaya, Yuliya; Vasiliy, Kazakov; Nicolay, Bogatov; Olga, Ermakova; Mikhail, Salin; Daniil, Sergeev; Maxim, Vdovin

2010-05-01

Wind-wave interaction at extreme wind speed is of special interest now in connection with the problem of explanation of the sea surface drag saturation at the wind speed exceeding 30 m/s. The idea on saturation (and even reduction) of the coefficient of aerodynamic resistance of the sea surface at hurricane wind speed was first suggested by Emanuel (1995) on the basis of theoretical analysis of sensitivity of maximum wind speed in a hurricane to the ratio of the enthalpy and momentum exchange coefficients. Both field (Powell, Vickery, Reinhold, 2003, French et al, 2007, Black, et al, 2007) and laboratory (Donelan et al, 2004) experiments confirmed that at hurricane wind speed the sea surface drag coefficient is significantly reduced in comparison with the parameterization obtained at moderate to strong wind conditions. Two groups of possible theoretical mechanisms for explanation of the effect of the sea surface drag reduction can be specified. In the first group of models developed by Kudryavtsev & Makin (2007) and Kukulka,Hara Belcher (2007), the sea surface drag reduction is explained by peculiarities of the air flow over breaking waves. Another approach more appropriate for the conditions of developed sea exploits the effect of sea drops and sprays on the wind-wave momentum exchange (Andreas, 2004; Makin, 2005; Kudryavtsev, 2006). The main objective of this work is investigation of factors determining momentum exchange under high wind speeds basing on the laboratory experiment in a well controlled environment. The experiments were carried out in the Thermo-Stratified WInd-WAve Tank (TSWIWAT) of the Institute of Applied Physics. The parameters of the facility are as follows: airflow 0 - 25 m/s (equivalent 10-m neutral wind speed U10 up to 60 m/s), dimensions 10m x 0.4m x 0.7 m, temperature stratification of the water layer. Simultaneous measurements of the airflow velocity profiles and wind waves were carried out in the wide range of wind velocities. Airflow

Spatial Variation in Anaerobic Microbial Communities in Wetland Margin Soils

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rich, H.; Kannenberg, S.; Ludwig, S.; Nelson, L. C.; Spawn, S.; Porterfield, J.; Schade, J. D.

2012-12-01

Climate change is predicted to increase the severity and frequency of precipitation and drought events, which may result in substantial temporal variation in the size of wetlands. Wetlands are the world's largest natural emitter of methane, a greenhouse gas that is 20 times more effective at trapping heat than carbon dioxide. Changes in the dynamics of wetland size may lead to changes in the extent and timing of inundation of soils in ephemeral margins, which is likely to influence microbes that rely on anoxic conditions. The impact on process rates may depend on the structure of the community of microbes present in the soil, however, the link between microbial structure and patterns in process rates in soils is not well understood. Our goal was to use molecular techniques to compare microorganism communities in two wetlands that differ in the extent and duration of inundation of marginal soils to assess how these communities may change with changes in climate, and the potential consequences for methane production. This will allow us to examine how community composition changes with soil conditions such as moisture content, frequency of drought and abundance of available carbon. The main focus of this project was to determine the presence or absence of acetoclastic (AC) and hydrogenotrophic (HT) methanogens. AC methanogens use acetate as their main substrate, while HT methanogens use Hydrogen and Carbon dioxide. The relative proportion of these pathways depends on soil conditions, such as competition with other anaerobic microbes and the amount of labile carbon, and spatial patterns in the presence of each can give insight into the soil conditions of a wetland site. We sampled soil from three different wetland ponds of varying permanence in the St Olaf Natural Lands in Northfield, Minnesota, and extracted DNA from these soil samples with a MoBio PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit. With PCR and seven different primer sets, we tested the extracted DNA for the presence of

Knowledge Exchange and Discovery in the Age of Social Media: The Journey From Inception to Establishment of a Parent-Led Web-Based Research Advisory Community for Childhood Disability.

PubMed

Russell, Dianne J; Sprung, Jennifer; McCauley, Dayle; Kraus de Camargo, Olaf; Buchanan, Francine; Gulko, Roman; Martens, Rachel; Gorter, Jan Willem

2016-11-11

% (5/9) of researchers indicated they felt safe to share sensitive or personal information. While researchers shared evidence-based resources and consulted with families to get guidance on specific issues, there was an unexpected benefit of gaining an understanding of what issues were important to families in their daily lives. Parents felt a sense of belonging to this community where they could share their stories but also wanted more researcher participation and clarity on the purpose of the group. The PPR community grew from inception to an established community with active engagement and knowledge exchange. Both parents and researchers described valuable experiences. Researchers should consider social media as a means of engaging families in all phases of research to ensure that research and its outcomes are meaningful to those who need it most. ©Dianne J Russell, Jennifer Sprung, Dayle McCauley, Olaf Kraus de Camargo, Francine Buchanan, Roman Gulko, Rachel Martens, Jan Willem Gorter. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 11.11.2016.

Observing a Burst with Sunglasses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2003-11-01

astronomers therefore turned to the powerful multi-mode FORS1 instrument on the VLT ANTU telescope. They obtained 31 polarimetric observations over a period of 38 days, enabling them to measure, for the first time , the changes of the polarisation of an optical gamma-ray burst afterglow with time. This unique set of observational data documents the physical changes in the remote object in unsurpassed detail. Their data show the presence of polarisation at the level of 0.3 to 2.5 % throughout the 38-day period with significant variability in strength and orientation on timescales down to hours. This particular behaviour has not been predicted by any of the major theories. Unfortunately, the very complex light curve of this GRB afterglow, in itself not understood, prevents a straightforward application of existing polarisation models. " It turns out that deriving the direction of the jet and the magnetic field structure is not as simple as we thought originally ", notes Olaf Reimer , another member of the team. " But the rapid changes of the polarisation properties, even during smooth phases of the afterglow light curve, provide a challenge to afterglow theory ". " Possibly ", adds Jochen Greiner , " the overall low level of polarisation indicates that the strength of the magnetic field in the parallel and perpendicular directions do not differ by more than 10%, thus suggesting a field strongly coupled with the moving material. This is different from the large-scale field which is left-over from the exploding star and which is thought to produce the high-level of polarisation in the gamma-rays. " More Information The research described in this Press Release will appear under the title " The evolution of the polarisation of the afterglow of GRB 030329 " by Jochen Greiner et al. in the November 13, 2003 issue of the science journal "Nature". A German translation of the information of this page can be found at Astronomie.de. Notes [1]: In astronomy, the "redshift" denotes the

A Vanishing Star Revisited

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1999-07-01

VLT Observations of an Unusual Stellar System Reinhold Häfner of the Munich University Observatory (Germany) is a happy astronomer. In 1988, when he was working at a telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory, he came across a strange star that suddenly vanished off the computer screen. He had to wait for more than a decade to get the full explanation of this unusual event. On June 10-11, 1999, he observed the same star with the first VLT 8.2-m Unit Telescope (ANTU) and the FORS1 astronomical instrument at Paranal [1]. With the vast power of this new research facility, he was now able to determine the physical properties of a very strange stellar system in which two planet-size stars orbit each other. One is an exceedingly hot white dwarf star , weighing half as much as the Sun, but only twice as big as the Earth. The other is a much cooler and less massive red dwarf star , one-and-a-half times the size of planet Jupiter. Once every three hours, the hot star disappears behind the other, as seen from the Earth. For a few minutes, the brightness of the system drops by a factor of more than 250 and it "vanishes" from view in telescopes smaller than the VLT. A variable star named NN Serpentis ESO PR Photo 30a/99 ESO PR Photo 30a/99 [Preview - JPEG: 400 x 468 pix - 152k] [Normal - JPEG: 800 x 936 pix - 576k] [High-Res - JPEG: 2304 x 2695 pix - 4.4M] Caption to ESO PR Photo 30a/99 : The sky field around the 17-mag variable stellar system NN Serpentis , as seen in a 5 sec exposure through a V(isual) filter with VLT ANTU and FORS1. It was obtained just before the observation of an eclipse of this unsual object and served to centre the telescope on the corresponding sky position. The field shown here measures 4.5 x 4.5 armin 2 (1365 x 1365 pix 2 ; 0.20 arcsec/pix). The field is somewhat larger than that shown in Photo 30b/99 and has the same orientation to allow comparison: North is about 20° anticlockwise from the top and East is 90° clockwise from that direction. The

PREFACE: ARENA 2006—Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino detection Activities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thompson, Lee

2007-06-01

, University College London, UK Vladimir Lyashuk, ITEP, Russia Radovan Milincic, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA Rolf Nahnhauer, DESY, Zeuthen, Germany Christopher Naumann, University of Erlangen, Germany Valentin Niess, CPPM Jonathan Perkin, University of Sheffield, UK Steve Ralph, University of Sheffield, UK Christopher Rhodes, Imperial College London, UK Carsten Richardt, University of Erlangen, Germany Karsten Salomon, University of Erlangen, Germany Olaf Scholten, KVI/University of Groningen, Netherlands Terry Sloan, University of Lancaster, UK Pierre Sokolsky, University of Utah, USA Lee Thompson, University of Sheffield, UK Omar Veledar, Northumbria University, UK David Waters, UCL, USA Dawn Williams, Pennsylvania State University, USA Igor Zheleznykh, Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia

EDITORIAL: Humidity sensors Humidity sensors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Regtien, Paul P. L.

2012-01-01

, since it uses the accurately known relation between temperature and saturation vapour pressure in air. When an object exposed to humid air is cooled down below the dew-point water vapour condenses as drops on its cold surface. The temperature can be kept exactly at the dew point by controlling the amount of dew (equilibrium between evaporation and condensation). In most dew-point hygrometers dew is detected with optical or capacitive means. In the former the dew drops on a reflective surface (chilled mirror) scatter incident light, and the capacitive method uses the change in capacitance due to the large dielectric constant of liquid water (80) compared to air (1). Kunze et al, in the fourth paper of this special feature, use another property of water to detect dew: the relatively high value of the thermal capacitance of liquid water. In traditional technology this method would not be sensitive enough, but with MEMS technology a sufficient detectivity of dew can be achieved, which is demonstrated in this paper. A control system keeps the temperature of the substrate just at the dew-point temperature, the latter being measured by an on-chip diode. The accuracy achieved is comparable with traditional dew-point hygrometers. These four papers in this issue are nice examples of research leading to significant advances in hygrometry. References [1] Wexler A (ed) 1965 Humidity and Moisture. Vol. I: Principles and Methods of Measuring Humidity in Gases; Vol. II: Applications; Vol. III: Fundamentals and Standards; Vol. IV: Principles and Methods of Measuring Moisture in Liquids and Solids (New York: Reinhold) [2] Sonntag D 1966-1968 Hygrometrie (Berlin: Akademie Verlag)

Beitraege zur Astronomiegeschichte, Band 5 (Acta Historica Astronomiae Vol. 18)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duerbeck, H. W.; Dick, W. R.; Hamel, J.

2003-01-01

33 footnotes). The 3-page paper on Grienberger is followed by a 50-page paper on Kordenbusch. Hans Gaab presents a thoroughly researched biography of the Nuremberg astronomer Georg Friedrich Kordenbusch (1731-1802). Educated as a doctor of medicine, he nevertheless became teacher of mathematics and physics at the Egidien gymnasium, attempted to revitalize the Nuremberg Observatory, and issued a second edition of Johann Leonard Rost's Astronomisches Handbuch (1718), the first compendium of astronomy written in German. He also edited and translated some French works (star maps, a description of globes, and an elementary book on cosmography). Dietmar Fürst (Berlin), who has already published in this series three articles on the foundation of Königsberg Observatory, now presents the first part of the history of the Königsberg heliometer, an instrument which is famous since it was used by Bessel to determine the trigonometric parallax of 61 Cygni. Fürst informs us about the purchase and the putting in operation of the instrument, which was endangered by Fraunhofer's death and delayed by (unavoidably counterproductive?) administrative activities. Reinhold Haefner, astronomer at Munich Observatory, and Rolf Riekher, optician in Berlin, have joined forces to present some pioneers of stellar spectroscopy in "the astro-spectroscopic researches by Fraunhofer and Lamont". It is well known that Fraunhofer observed the solar spectrum with high enough resolution to detect the Fraunhofer lines, but it is less known that he also observed bright planets and fixed stars at the Munich Observatiory, with the assistance of its director Soldner. A publication of 1823 gives only a short summary of this stellar work, and Fraunhofer's early death, three years later, was possibly the cause that no detailed article ever appeared. Interestingly, the second director of the observatory, Johann von Lamont, used the new large refractor (aperture: 28 cm, focal length about 5 m) to observe stellar

Thorium Enrichment within the Procellarum KREEP Terrane: The Record in Surface Deposits and Significance for Thermal Evolution

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jolliff, B. L.; Gillis, J. J.; Haskin, L. A.

1999-01-01

intermediate-sized craters that penetrated volcanic flows and excavated Th-rich, submare material, such as Aristarchus, Aristillus, and Kepler. Other spots, however, correspond to surficial formations that constitute mainly rough topography associated with Imbrium ejecta or circum-Imbrium ring mountains and do not necessarily imply the presence of exposed KREEP basalts. The Fra Mauro Formation south of Copernicus toward the Apollo 14 site and regions of the Alpes Formation southwest of Copernicus in the vicinity of Reinhold lie within the most prominent hotspot; here them concentration is consistent with that found in the Apollo 14 soils (about 12-13 ppm) when the proportions of Fra Mauro Formation and mare basalt are considered. The area between Copernicus and Kepler and northwest of Copernicus in terra extending to the Carpathians is similarly enriched in Th. The Apennines from Eratosthenes toward the Apollo 15 site contain elevated Th concentrations, as does the northwestern quadrant of circum-Imbrium terra, especially between (but not including) La Condamine and Plato, and in the region northwest of the Jura mountains extending southward past Mairan to the Gruithuisen-Domes region. Within the main topographic rim of Imbrium, the Apennine Bench formation south of Archimedes appears to have relatively elevated Th concentration. Comparing the map of Th distribution to a digital-elevation map derived from Clementine altimetry, it appears that most of the areas richest in Th occur where the surface is elevated relative to the majority of PKT volcanic plains. Not all rough topography within the PKT has such elevated Th, however. Based on an analysis of the 5 deg. data, and using the calibration of, the mean Th concentrations for mainly volcanic-resurfaced terrain and rugged terrain are similar (about 5.5 ppm). This occurs in part because craters that penetrated mare basalt excavated Th-rich material. Even so, there appear to be extensive areas of volcanic resurfacing that have

Obituary: Alexander (Andy) Franz Lubenow, 1956-2005

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buie, Marc William

2006-12-01

Alexander (Andy) Franz Lubenow, Program Coordinator at the Space Telescope Science Institute, was diagnosed with cancer of the gallbladder, pancreas, and liver in May 2005 and died on 29 September 2005. He was forty-nine. Andy was born to Bodo and Helen Lubenow in St. Paul, Minnesota on 4 January 1956. In 1964 at the age of eight, he moved with his family to Buenos Aires, Argentina, and attended the American Community School there until returning with his family in 1973 to St. Paul. Argentina had a big impact on Andy's future as an astronomer. He later recalled how he had observed and was puzzled by the "upside-down" appearance of the Moon in the southern hemisphere. In Argentina, he built his first telescope using a mirror he had ground himself. He never parted ways with that instrument. Andy did not follow a standard educational track. He spent two years at St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota, before transferring to the University of Minnesota, where he earned his bachelor's degree and began work towards a master's degree in astrophysics. Later he transferred to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he remained until Dr. Peter Stockman hired him to work on the Hubble Space Telescope project. While in school, he worked as a teacher's assistant, taught night school, and gave demonstrations of stargazing. He was an excellent teacher and had a flair for writing. He later wrote articles for a sailing magazine and a pilot's magazine. Andy was a very practical, meticulous, and steady worker, attributes that he combined with an understated and dry sense of humor. He was always able to find a way through a problem, no matter how sticky. If a job required him to roll up his sleeves and get it done through hard work, he would persevere. Nevertheless, he was always on the lookout for an easier way. He had no patience for being forced to deal with stupid things for stupid reasons. At work at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), Andy was

Speed of Gravity Measured for First Time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2003-01-01

learn about this intriguing cosmic force and its relationship to the other forces in nature," Kopeikin said. This is not the first time that Jupiter has played a part in producing a measurement of a fundamental physical constant. In 1675, Olaf Roemer, a Danish astronomer working at the Paris Observatory, made the first reasonably accurate determination of the speed of light by observing eclipses of one of Jupiter's moons. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation, operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

Systemic Changes in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum Program Awards

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1995-07-01

years of the chemistry curriculum, start with interdisciplinary questions important to students and to society (the molecular basis of life, the environment, technology), and in answering them develop an appreciation of how science is actually done. This approach is designed to reach a broader student audience more effectively than do traditional courses, an audience that includes students who are members of groups traditionally underrepresented in science, nonscience majors, and those taking chemistry as a supporting course, as well as chemistry majors. By providing a model for students preparing for careers in teaching, this approach has an impact on Teacher Preparation Programs. Collaboration among faculty from different disciplines and a number of institutions supports and reinforces those who want to make changes. These leading liberal arts colleges (Beloit, Carleton, Colorado, Grinnell, Hope, Kalamazoo, Knox, Lawrence, Macalester, Rhodes, Spelman, St. Olaf, Wooster) and research universities (Chicago, Washington - St. Louis) already have experience working together on chemistry curricular reform. An alliance with the Advanced Technology Environmental Education Center's coalition of 2-year institutions assures an impact on Advanced Technology Education Programs. By using the extensive Project Kaleidoscope network to promote reform, the ChemLinks Coalition involves a much larger and more diverse group of institutions in making systemic and sustainable changes in undergraduate chemistry education. A Workshop Chemistry Curriculum David K. Gosser CUNY City College, New York, NY 10031 DUE 9455920: FY1995, 425,000; FY1996, 400,000; FY1997, 400,000; FY1998, 150,000; FY1999, 150,000 The City College Consortium, which includes ten senior and community colleges at the City University of New York, and the Universities of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and Rochester, is developing and applying widely a new model of teaching. This model, called Workshop Chemistry, introduces

Thermoelectric Devices: Solid-State Refrigerators and Electrical Generators in the Classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Winder, Edmund J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Lisensky, George C.

1996-10-01

familiar resistive heating that we see in space heaters, hair dryers, and light bulbs. Note that in these cases some of the energy is also given off as light. Until now, the only charge carriers considered have been electrons. In semiconductors, however, there is also the possibility that positively charged "holes" will be important in conduction (2). Holes are simply vacant electron states in the valence band of a semiconductor; they have the same magnitude of charge as an electron, but they are positive instead of negative. Semiconductors in which holes are the majority carrier are termed p-type. The Seebeck effect for p-type semiconductors will cause holes to move from a hot region to a cold region, like electrons. But because they are positively charged, the potential created will be opposite to that created by electrons. The Peltier effect may be thought of as the opposite of the Seebeck effect. Figure 5a shows an n-type semiconductor (one in which conduction band electrons are the predominant charge carriers, "majority carriers") connected to a voltage source by metallic conductors. Figure 5. Illustration of the Peltier effect for a semiconductor between two pieces of metal. (a) n-Type semiconductor. Electrons flow from right to left in the semiconductor, carrying heat from the right to the left side of the semiconductor, opposite to the electic current direction; Pi is negative. (b) p-Type semiconductor. Holes flow from left to right in the semiconductor , carrying heat from the left to the right side of the semiconductor, in the same direction as the electric current; Pi is positive. EC, EV, and EF refer to the energies of the conduction band edge, the valence band edge, and the Fermi energy (or electrochemical potential), respectively. Figure adapted from Hannay, N. B. Semiconductors; Reinhold: New York, 1959; p 41. An electric current flows through the semiconductor from left to right (electrons flow from right to left). For the electrons to enter the

SINFONI Opens with Upbeat Chords

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2004-08-01

, Silvio Rossi, Riccardo Schmutzer, Armin Silber, Stefan Ströbele (SINFONI System Engineer), Thomas Szeifert, Sebastien Tordo, Leander Mehrgan, Joerg Stegmeier, Reinhold Dorn (European Southern Observatory). Contacts Frank Eisenhauer Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) Garching, Germany Phone: +49-89-30000-3563 Email: eisenhau@mpe.mpg.de Paul van der Werf Leiden Observatory Leiden, The Netherlands Phone: +31-71-5275883 Email: pvdwerf@strw.leidenuniv.nl Henri Bonnet European Southern Observatory (ESO) Email: hbonnet@eso.org Reinhard Genzel Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) Garching, Germany Phone: +49-89-30000-3280 Email: Norbert Hubin European Southern Observatory (ESO) Email: nhubin@eso.org Appendix A: Integral Field Spectroscopy as a Powerful Discovery Tool ESO PR Photo 24i/04 ESO PR Photo 24i/04 How Integral Field Spectroscopy Works [Preview - JPEG: 400 x 425 pix - 127k] [Normal - JPEG: 800 x 850 pix - 366k] Caption: ESO PR Photo 24i/04 shows the principle of Integrated Field Spectroscopy (IFS). The detailed explanation is found in the text. How does SINFONI work? What is Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS)? The idea of IFS is to obtain a spectrum of each defined spatial element ("spaxel") in the field-of-view. Several techniques to do this are available - in SINFONI, the slicer principle is applied. This involves (PR Photo 24i/04) that * the two-dimensional field-of-view is cut into slices, the so-called slitlets (short slits in contrast to normal long-slit spectroscopy), * the slitlets are then arranged next to each other to form a pseudo-long-slit, * a grating is used to disperse the light, and * the photons are detected with a Near-InfraRed detector. Following data reduction, the set of generated spectra can be re-arranged in the computer to form a 3-dimensional "data cube" of two spatial, and one wavelength dimension. Thus the term "3D-Spectroscopy" is sometimes used for IFS. Appendix B: Linus' orbital motion around