Conformal anomaly and off-shell extensions of gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meissner, Krzysztof A.; Nicolai, Hermann

2017-08-01

The gauge dependence of the conformal anomaly for spin-3/2 and spin-2 fields in nonconformal supergravities has been a long standing puzzle. In this paper we argue that the "correct" gauge choice is the one that follows from requiring all terms that would imply a violation of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition to be absent in the counterterm, because otherwise the usual link between the anomaly and the one-loop divergence becomes invalid. Remarkably, the "good" choice of gauge is the one that confirms our previous result [K. A. Meissner and H. Nicolai, Phys. Lett. B 772, 169 (2017)., 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.06.031] that a complete cancellation of conformal anomalies in D =4 can only be achieved for N -extended (Poincaré) supergravities with N ≥5 .

New black holes in D =5 minimal gauged supergravity: Deformed boundaries and frozen horizons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blázquez-Salcedo, Jose Luis; Kunz, Jutta; Navarro-Lérida, Francisco; Radu, Eugen

2018-04-01

A new class of black hole solutions of the five-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity is presented. They are characterized by the mass, the electric charge, two equal magnitude angular momenta and the magnitude of the magnetic potential at infinity. These black holes possess a horizon of spherical topology; however, both the horizon and the sphere at infinity can be arbitrarily squashed, with nonextremal solutions interpolating between black strings and black branes. A particular set of extremal configurations corresponds to a new one-parameter family of supersymmetric black holes. While their conserved charges are determined by the squashing of the sphere at infinity, these supersymmetric solutions possess the same horizon geometry.

Quintessential inflation with α-attractors

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Owen, Charlotte, E-mail: k.dimopoulos1@lancaster.ac.uk, E-mail: c.owen@lancaster.ac.uk

2017-06-01

A novel approach to quintessential inflation model building is studied, within the framework of α-attractors, motivated by supergravity theories. Inflationary observables are in excellent agreement with the latest CMB observations, while quintessence explains the dark energy observations without any fine-tuning. The model is kept intentionally minimal, avoiding the introduction of many degrees of freedom, couplings and mass scales. In stark contrast to ΛCDM, for natural values of the parameters, the model attains transient accelerated expansion, which avoids the future horizon problem, while it maintains the field displacement mildly sub-Planckian such that the flatness of the quintessential tail is not liftedmore » by radiative corrections and violations of the equivalence principle (fifth force) are under control. In particular, the required value of the cosmological constant is near the eletroweak scale. Attention is paid to the reheating of the Universe, which avoids gravitino overproduction and respects nucleosynthesis constraints. Kination is treated in a model independent way. A spike in gravitational waves, due to kination, is found not to disturb nucleosynthesis as well.« less

Quintessential inflation with α-attractors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Owen, Charlotte

2017-06-01

A novel approach to quintessential inflation model building is studied, within the framework of α-attractors, motivated by supergravity theories. Inflationary observables are in excellent agreement with the latest CMB observations, while quintessence explains the dark energy observations without any fine-tuning. The model is kept intentionally minimal, avoiding the introduction of many degrees of freedom, couplings and mass scales. In stark contrast to ΛCDM, for natural values of the parameters, the model attains transient accelerated expansion, which avoids the future horizon problem, while it maintains the field displacement mildly sub-Planckian such that the flatness of the quintessential tail is not lifted by radiative corrections and violations of the equivalence principle (fifth force) are under control. In particular, the required value of the cosmological constant is near the eletroweak scale. Attention is paid to the reheating of the Universe, which avoids gravitino overproduction and respects nucleosynthesis constraints. Kination is treated in a model independent way. A spike in gravitational waves, due to kination, is found not to disturb nucleosynthesis as well.

A note on ‘gaugings’ in four spacetime dimensions and electric-magnetic duality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Henneaux, Marc; Julia, Bernard; Lekeu, Victor; Ranjbar, Arash

2018-02-01

The variety of consistent ‘gauging’ deformations of supergravity theories in four dimensions depends on the choice of Lagrangian formulation. One important goal is to get the most general deformations without making hidden assumptions. Ignoring supersymmetry we consider in this paper n v abelian vector potentials in four spacetime dimensions with non-minimal kinetic coupling to n s uncharged (possibly nonlinear) scalar fields. As in the case of extended supergravities, one model may possess different formulations related by \

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Birkedal-Hansen, A.; Binetruy, P.; Mambrini, Y.

We provide a detailed study of the phenomenology of orbifold compactifications of the heterotic string within the context of supergravity effective theories. Our investigation focuses on those models where the soft Lagrangian is dominated by loop contributions to the various soft supersymmetry breaking parameters. Such models typically predict non-universal soft masses and are thus significantly different from minimal supergravity and other universal models. We consider the pattern of masses that are governed by these soft terms and investigate the implications of certain indirect constraints on supersymmetric models, such as flavor-changing neutral currents, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon andmore » the density of thermal relic neutralinos. These string-motivated models show novel behavior that interpolates between the phenomenology of unified supergravity models and models dominated by the superconformal anomaly.« less

Supersymmetric solutions of the cosmological, gauged, ℂ magic model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chimento, Samuele; Ortín, Tomás; Ruipérez, Alejandro

2018-05-01

We construct supersymmetric solutions of theories of gauged N = 1 , d = 5 supergravity coupled to vector multiplets with a U(1)R Abelian (Fayet-Iliopoulos) gauging and an independent SU(2) gauging associated to an SU(2) isometry group of the Real Special scalar manifold. These theories provide minimal supersymmetrizations of 5-dimensional SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills theories with negative cosmological constant. We consider a minimal model with these gauge groups and the "magic model" based on the Jordan algebra J 3 ℂ with gauge group SU(3) × U(1)R, which is a consistent truncation of maximal SO(6)-gauged supergravity in d = 5 and whose solutions can be embedded in Type IIB Superstring Theory. We find several solutions containing selfdual SU(2) instantons, some of which asymptote to AdS5 and some of which are very small, supersymmetric, deformations of AdS5. We also show how some of those solutions can be embedded in Romans' SU(2) × U(1)-gauged half-maximal supergravity, which was obtained by Lu, Pope and Tran by compactification of the Type IIB Superstring effective action. This provides another way of uplifting those solutions to 10 dimensions.

Killing-Yano symmetry of Kaluza-Klein black holes in five dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houri, Tsuyoshi; Yamamoto, Kei

2013-04-01

Using a generalized Killing-Yano equation in the presence of torsion, spacetime metrics admitting a rank-2 generalized Killing-Yano tensor are investigated in five dimensions under the assumption that its eigenvector associated with the zero eigenvalue is a Killing vector field. It is shown that such metrics are classified into three types and the corresponding local expressions are given explicitly. It is also shown that they cover some classes of charged, rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole solutions of minimal supergravity and Abelian heterotic supergravity.

Search for supersymmetry in final states with jets, missing transverse momentum and one isolated lepton in s = 7 TeV pp collisions using 1 fb - 1 of ATLAS data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdallah, J.

2012-01-01

We present an update of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing jets, missing transverse momentum, and one isolated electron or muon, using 1.0 fb - 1 of proton-proton collision data at √ s = 7 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in the first half of 2011. The analysis is carried out in four distinct signal regions with either three or four jets and variations on the (missing) transverse momentum cuts, resulting in optimized limits for various supersymmetry models. No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed. Limits are set on the visiblemore » cross section of new physics within the kinematic requirements of the search. The results are interpreted as limits on the parameters of the minimal supergravity framework, limits on cross sections of simplified models with specific squark and gluino decay modes, and limits on parameters of a model with bilinear R -parity violation.« less

Minimal supergravity models of inflation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ferrara, Sergio; Kallosh, Renata; Linde, Andrei; Porrati, Massimo

2013-10-01

We present a superconformal master action for a class of supergravity models with one arbitrary function defining the Jordan frame. It leads to a gauge-invariant action for a real vector multiplet, which upon gauge fixing describes a massive vector multiplet, or to a dual formulation with a linear multiplet and a massive tensor field. In both cases the models have one real scalar, the inflaton, naturally suited for single-field inflation. Vectors and tensors required by supersymmetry to complement a single real scalar do not acquire vacuum expectation values during inflation, so there is no need to stabilize the extra scalars that are always present in the theories with chiral matter multiplets. The new class of models can describe any inflaton potential that vanishes at its minimum and grows monotonically away from the minimum. In this class of supergravity models, one can fit any desirable choice of inflationary parameters ns and r.

A deformation of Sasakian structure in the presence of torsion and supergravity solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houri, Tsuyoshi; Takeuchi, Hiroshi; Yasui, Yukinori

2013-07-01

A deformation of Sasakian structure in the presence of totally skew-symmetric torsion is discussed on odd-dimensional manifolds whose metric cones are Kähler with torsion. It is shown that such a geometry inherits similar properties to those of Sasakian geometry. As their example, we present an explicit expression of local metrics. It is also demonstrated that our example of the metrics admits the existence of hidden symmetry described by non-trivial odd-rank generalized closed conformal Killing-Yano tensors. Furthermore, using these metrics as an ansatz, we construct exact solutions in five-dimensional minimal gauged/ungauged supergravity and 11-dimensional supergravity. Finally, the global structures of the solutions are discussed. We obtain regular metrics on compact manifolds in five dimensions, which give natural generalizations of Sasaki-Einstein manifolds Yp, q and La, b, c. We also briefly discuss regular metrics on non-compact manifolds in 11 dimensions.

Hawking radiation via anomaly cancellation for the black holes of five-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Porfyriadis, Achilleas P.

2009-04-15

The anomaly cancellation method proposed by Wilczek et al. is applied to the general charged rotating black holes in five-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity. Thus Hawking temperature and fluxes are found. The Hawking temperature obtained agrees with the surface gravity formula. The black holes have charge and two unequal angular momenta, and these give rise to appropriate terms in the effective U(1) gauge field of the reduced (1+1)-dimensional theory. In particular, it is found that the terms in this U(1) gauge field correspond exactly to the correct electrostatic potential and the two angular velocities on the horizon of the black holes,more » and so the results for the Hawking fluxes derived here from the anomaly cancellation method are in complete agreement with the ones obtained from integrating the Planck distribution.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tomizawa, Shinya

We show a uniqueness theorem for Kaluza-Klein black holes in the bosonic sector of five-dimensional minimal supergravity. More precisely, under the assumptions of the existence of two commuting axial isometries and a nondegenerate connected event horizon of the cross-section topology S{sup 3}, or lens space, we prove that a stationary charged rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole in five-dimensional minimal supergravity is uniquely characterized by its mass, two independent angular momenta, electric charge, magnetic flux, and nut charge, provided that there exists neither a nut nor a bolt (a bubble) in the domain of outer communication. We also show that under themore » assumptions of the same symmetry, same asymptotics, and the horizon cross section of S{sup 1}xS{sup 2}, a black ring within the same theory--if it exists--is uniquely determined by its dipole charge and rod intervals besides the charges and magnetic flux.« less

Quantum Structure of Space and Time

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duff, M. J.; Isham, C. J.

2012-07-01

Foreword Abdus Salam; Preface; List of participants; Part I. Quantum Gravity, Fields and Topology: 1. Some remarks on gravity and quantum mechanics Roger Penrose; 2. An experimental test of quantum gravity Don N. Page and C. D. Geilker; 3. Quantum mechanical origin of the sandwich theorem in classical gravitation theory Claudio Teitelboim; 4. θ-States induced by the diffeomorphism group in canonically quantized gravity C. J. Isham; 5. Strong coupling quantum gravity: an introduction Martin Pilati; 6. Quantizing fourth order gravity theories S. M. Christensen; 7. Green's functions, states and renormalisation M. R. Brown and A. C. Ottewill; 8. Introduction to quantum regge calculus Martin Roček and Ruth Williams; 9. Spontaneous symmetry breaking in curved space-time D. J. Toms; 10. Spontaneous symmetry breaking near a black hole M. S. Fawcett and B. F. Whiting; 11. Yang-Mills vacua in a general three-space G. Kunstatter; 12. Fermion fractionization in physics R. Jackiw; Part II. Supergravity: 13. The new minimal formulation of N=1 supergravity and its tensor calculus M. F. Sohnius and P. C. West; 14. A new deteriorated energy-momentum tensor M. J. Duff and P. K. Townsend; 15. Off-shell N=2 and N=4 supergravity in five dimensions P. Howe; 16. Supergravity in high dimensions P. van Niewenhuizen; 17. Building linearised extended supergravities J. G. Taylor; 18. (Super)gravity in the complex angular momentum plane M. T. Grisaru; 19. The multiplet structure of solitons in the O(2) supergravity theory G. W. Gibbons; 20. Ultra-violet properties of supersymmetric gauge theory S. Ferrara; 21. Extended supercurrents and the ultra-violet finiteness of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories K. S. Stelle; 22. Duality rotations B. Zumino; Part III. Cosmology and the Early Universe: 23. Energy, stability and cosmological constant S. Deser; 24. Phase transitions in the early universe T. W. B. Kibble; 25. Complete cosmological theories L. P. Grishchuk and Ya. B. Zeldovich; 26. The cosmological constant and the weak anthropic principle S. W. Hawking.

Supergravity models with 50-100 TeV scalars, supersymmetry discovery at the LHC, and gravitino decay constraints

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aboubrahim, Amin; Nath, Pran

2017-10-01

We investigate the possibility of testing supergravity unified models with scalar masses in the range 50-100 TeV and much lighter gaugino masses at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is carried out under the constraints that models produce the Higgs boson mass consistent with experiment and also produce dark matter consistent with WMAP and PLANCK experiments. A set of benchmarks in the supergravity parameter space are investigated using a combination of signal regions which are optimized for the model set. It is found that some of the models with scalar masses in the 50-100 TeV mass range are discoverable with as little as 100 fb-1 of integrated luminosity and should be accessible at the LHC RUN II. The remaining benchmark models are found to be discoverable with less than 1000 fb-1 of integrated luminosity and thus testable in the high luminosity era of the LHC, i.e., at HL-LHC. It is shown that scalar masses in the 50-100 TeV range but gaugino masses much lower in mass produce unification of gauge coupling constants, consistent with experimental data at low scale, with as good an accuracy (and sometimes even better) as models with low [O (1 ) TeV ] weak scale supersymmetry. Decay of the gravitinos for the supergravity model benchmarks are investigated and it is shown that they decay before the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). Further, we investigate the nonthermal production of neutralinos from gravitino decay and it is found that the nonthermal contribution to the dark matter relic density is negligible relative to that from the thermal production of neutralinos for reheat temperature after inflation up to 1 09 GeV . An analysis of the direct detection of dark matter for supergravity grand unified models (SUGRA) with high scalar masses is also discussed. SUGRA models with scalar masses in the range 50-100 TeV have several other attractive features such as they help alleviate the supersymmetric C P problem and help suppress proton decay from baryon and lepton number violating dimension five operators.

Entropy Inequality Violations from Ultraspinning Black Holes.

PubMed

Hennigar, Robie A; Mann, Robert B; Kubizňák, David

2015-07-17

We construct a new class of rotating anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole solutions with noncompact event horizons of finite area in any dimension and study their thermodynamics. In four dimensions these black holes are solutions to gauged supergravity. We find that their entropy exceeds the maximum implied from the conjectured reverse isoperimetric inequality, which states that for a given thermodynamic volume, the black hole entropy is maximized for Schwarzschild-AdS space. We use this result to suggest more stringent conditions under which this conjecture may hold.

A two-tiered correlation of dark matter with missing transverse energy: reconstructing the lightest supersymmetric particle mass at the LHC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tianjun; Maxin, James A.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; Walker, Joel W.

2012-02-01

We suggest that non-trivial correlations between the dark matter particle mass and collider based probes of missing transverse energy H_{text{T}}^{text{miss}} may facilitate a two tiered approach to the initial discovery of supersymmetry and the subsequent reconstruction of the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) mass at the LHC. These correlations are demonstrated via extensive Monte Carlo simulation of seventeen benchmark models, each sampled at five distinct LHC center-of-mass beam energies, spanning the parameter space of No-Scale mathcal{F} -SU(5). This construction is defined in turn by the union of the mathcal{F} -lipped SU(5) Grand Unified Theory, two pairs of hypothetical TeV scale vector-like supersymmetric multiplets with origins in mathcal{F} -theory, and the dynamically established boundary conditions of No-Scale Supergravity. In addition, we consider a control sample comprised of a standard minimal Supergravity benchmark point. Led by a striking similarity between the H_{text{T}}^{text{miss}} distribution and the familiar power spectrum of a black body radiator at various temperatures, we implement a broad empirical fit of our simulation against a Poisson distribution ansätz. We advance the resulting fit as a theoretical blueprint for deducing the mass of the LSP, utilizing only the missing transverse energy in a statistical sampling of ≥ 9 jet events. Cumulative uncertainties central to the method subsist at a satisfactory 12-15% level. The fact that supersymmetric particle spectrum of No-Scale mathcal{F} -SU(5) has thrived the withering onslaught of early LHC data that is steadily decimating the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and minimal Supergravity parameter spaces is a prime motivation for augmenting more conventional LSP search methodologies with the presently proposed alternative.

Variants of kinetically modified non-minimal Higgs inflation in supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pallis, C.

2016-10-01

We consider models of chaotic inflation driven by the real parts of a conjugate pair of Higgs superfields involved in the spontaneous breaking of a grand unification symmetry at a scale assuming its Supersymmetric (SUSY) value. Employing Kähler potentials with a prominent shift-symmetric part proportional to c- and a tiny violation, proportional to c+, included in a logarithm we show that the inflationary observables provide an excellent match to the recent Planck and BICAP2/Keck Array results setting, e.g., 6.4 · 10-3 lesssim r± = c+/c- lesssim 1/N where N = 2 or 3 is the prefactor of the logarithm. Deviations of these prefactors from their integer values above are also explored and a region where hilltop inflation occurs is localized. Moreover, we analyze two distinct possible stabilization mechanisms for the non-inflaton accompanying superfield, one tied to higher order terms and one with just quadratic terms within the argument of a logarithm with positive prefactor NS < 6. In all cases, inflation can be attained for subplanckian inflaton values with the corresponding effective theories retaining the perturbative unitarity up to the Planck scale.

Global structure of five-dimensional fuzzballs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gibbons, G. W.; Warner, N. P.

2014-01-01

We describe and study families of BPS microstate geometries, namely, smooth, horizonless asymptotically flat solutions to supergravity. We examine these solutions from the perspective of earlier attempts to find solitonic solutions in gravity and show how the microstate geometries circumvent the earlier ‘no-go’ theorems. In particular, we re-analyze the Smarr formula and show how it must be modified in the presence of non-trivial second homology. This, combined with the supergravity Chern-Simons terms, allows the existence of rich classes of BPS, globally hyperbolic, asymptotically flat, microstate geometries whose spatial topology is the connected sum of N copies of S2 × S2 with a ‘point at infinity’ removed. These solutions also exhibit ‘evanescent ergo-regions,’ that is, the non-space-like Killing vector guaranteed by supersymmetry is time-like everywhere except on time-like hypersurfaces (ergo-surfaces) where the Killing vector becomes null. As a by-product of our work, we are able to resolve the puzzle of why some regular soliton solutions violate the BPS bound: their spacetimes do not admit a spin structure.

Local metrics admitting a principal Killing-Yano tensor with torsion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houri, Tsuyoshi; Kubizňák, David; Warnick, Claude M.; Yasui, Yukinori

2012-08-01

In this paper we initiate a classification of local metrics admitting the principal Killing-Yano tensor with a skew-symmetric torsion. It is demonstrated that in such spacetimes rank-2 Killing tensors occur naturally and mutually commute. We reduce the classification problem to that of solving a set of partial differential equations, and we present some solutions to these PDEs. In even dimensions, three types of local metrics are obtained: one of them naturally generalizes the torsion-less case while the others occur only when the torsion is present. In odd dimensions, we obtain more varieties of local metrics. The explicit metrics constructed in this paper are not the most general possible admitting the required symmetry; nevertheless, it is demonstrated that they cover a wide variety of solutions of various supergravities, such as the Kerr-Sen black holes of (un-)gauged Abelian heterotic supergravity, the Chong-Cvetic-Lü-Pope black hole solution of five-dimensional minimal supergravity or the Kähler with torsion manifolds. The relation between generalized Killing-Yano tensors and various torsion Killing spinors is also discussed.

Jordan frame supergravity and inflation in the NMSSM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ferrara, Sergio; INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati; Kallosh, Renata

2010-08-15

We present a complete explicit N=1, d=4 supergravity action in an arbitrary Jordan frame with nonminimal scalar-curvature coupling of the form {Phi}(z,z)R. The action is derived by suitably gauge fixing the superconformal action. The theory has a modified Kaehler geometry, and it exhibits a significant dependence on the frame function {Phi}(z,z) and its derivatives over scalars, in the bosonic as well as in the fermionic part of the action. Under certain simple conditions, the scalar kinetic terms in the Jordan frame have a canonical form. We consider an embedding of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) gauge theory into supergravity,more » clarifying the Higgs inflation model recently proposed by Einhorn and Jones. We find that the conditions for canonical kinetic terms are satisfied for the NMSSM scalars in the Jordan frame, which leads to a simple action. However, we find that the gauge singlet field experiences a strong tachyonic instability during inflation in this model. Thus, a modification of the model is required to support the Higgs-type inflation.« less

Classical and quantum analysis of repulsive singularities in four-dimensional extended supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaida, I.; Hollmann, H. R.; Stewart, J. M.

1999-07-01

Non-minimal repulsive singularities (`repulsons') in extended supergravity theories are investigated. The short-distance antigravity properties of the repulsons are tested at the classical and the quantum level by a scalar test-particle. Using a partial wave expansion it is shown that the particle is totally reflected at the origin. A high-frequency incoming particle undergoes a phase shift of icons/Journals/Common/pi" ALT="pi" ALIGN="TOP"/>/2. However, the phase shift for a low-frequency particle depends upon the physical data of the repulson. The curvature singularity at a finite distance rh turns out to be transparent for the scalar test-particle and the coordinate singularity at the origin serves as the repulsive barrier to bounce back the particles.

The effective supergravity of little string theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antoniadis, Ignatios; Delgado, Antonio; Markou, Chrysoula; Pokorski, Stefan

2018-02-01

In this work we present the minimal supersymmetric extension of the five-dimensional dilaton-gravity theory that captures the main properties of the holographic dual of little string theory. It is described by a particular gauging of N=2 supergravity coupled with one vector multiplet associated with the string dilaton, along the U(1) subgroup of SU(2) R-symmetry. The linear dilaton in the fifth coordinate solution of the equations of motion (with flat string frame metric) breaks half of the supersymmetries to N=1 in four dimensions. Interest in the linear dilaton model has lately been revived in the context of the clockwork mechanism, which has recently been proposed as a new source of exponential scale separation in field theory.

Five-dimensional Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity on orbifold spacetimes: From phenomenology to M -theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McReynolds, Sean

Five-dimensional N = 2 Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity and its couplings to hyper and tensor multiplets are considered on an orbifold spacetime of the form M4 x S1/Gamma, where Gamma is a discrete group. As is well known in such cases, supersymmetry is broken to N = 1 on the orbifold fixed planes, and chiral 4D theories can be obtained from bulk hypermultiplets (or from the coupling of fixed-plane supported fields). Five-dimensional gauge symmetries are broken by boundary conditions for the fields, which are equivalent to some set of Gamma-parity assignments in the orbifold theory, allowing for arbitrary rank reduction. Furthermore, Wilson lines looping from one boundary to the other can break bulk gauge groups, or give rise to vacuum expectation values for scalars on the boundaries, which can result in spontaneous breaking of boundary gauge groups. The broken gauge symmetries do not survive as global symmetries of the low energy theories below the compactification scale due to 4 D minimal couplings to gauge fields. Axionic fields are a generic feature, just as in any compactification of M-theory (or string theory for that matter), and we exhibit the form of this field and its role as the QCD axion, capable of resolving the strong CP problem. The main motivation for the orbifold theories here is taken to be orbifold-GUTS, wherein a unified gauge group is sought in higher dimensions while allowing the orbifold reduction to handle problems such as rapid proton decay, exotic matter, mass hierarchies, etc. To that end, we discuss the allowable minimal SU(5), SO(10) and E6 GUT theories with all fields living in five dimensions. It is argued that, within the class of homogeneous quaternionic scalar manifolds characterizing the hypermultiplet couplings in 5D, supergravity admits a restricted set of theories that yield minimal phenomenological field content. In addition, non-compact gaugings are a novel feature of supergravity theories, and in particular we consider the example of an SU(5,1) YMESGT in which all of the fields of the theory are connected by local (susy and gauge) transformations that are symmetries of the Lagrangian. Such non-compact gaugings allow a novel type of gauge-Higgs unification in higher dimensions. The possibility of boundary-localized fields is considered only via anomaly arguments. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

General squark flavour mixing: constraints, phenomenology and benchmarks

DOE PAGES

De Causmaecker, Karen; Fuks, Benjamin; Herrmann, Bjorn; ...

2015-11-19

Here, we present an extensive study of non-minimal flavour violation in the squark sector in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We investigate the effects of multiple non-vanishing flavour-violating elements in the squark mass matrices by means of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo scanning technique and identify parameter combinations that are favoured by both current data and theoretical constraints. We then detail the resulting distributions of the flavour-conserving and flavour-violating model parameters. Based on this analysis, we propose a set of benchmark scenarios relevant for future studies of non-minimal flavour violation in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.

Logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy: the non-BPS branch

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castro, Alejandra; Godet, Victor; Larsen, Finn; Zeng, Yangwenxiao

2018-05-01

We compute the leading logarithmic correction to black hole entropy on the non-BPS branch of 4D N≥2 supergravity theories. This branch corresponds to finite temperature black holes whose extremal limit does not preserve supersymmetry, such as the D0 - D6 system in string theory. Starting from a black hole in minimal Kaluza-Klein theory, we discuss in detail its embedding into N=8 , 6, 4, 2 supergravity, its spectrum of quadratic fluctuations in all these environments, and the resulting quantum corrections. We find that the c-anomaly vanishes only when N≥6 , in contrast to the BPS branch where c vanishes for all N≥2 . We briefly discuss potential repercussions this feature could have in a microscopic description of these black holes.

Predictions from a flavour GUT model combined with a SUSY breaking sector

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antusch, Stefan; Hohl, Christian

2017-10-01

We discuss how flavour GUT models in the context of supergravity can be completed with a simple SUSY breaking sector, such that the flavour-dependent (non-universal) soft breaking terms can be calculated. As an example, we discuss a model based on an SU(5) GUT symmetry and A 4 family symmetry, plus additional discrete "shaping symmetries" and a ℤ 4 R symmetry. We calculate the soft terms and identify the relevant high scale input parameters, and investigate the resulting predictions for the low scale observables, such as flavour violating processes, the sparticle spectrum and the dark matter relic density.

Is it really naked? On cosmic censorship in string theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Frolov, Andrei V.

We investigate the possibility of cosmic censorship violation in string theory using a characteristic double-null code, which penetrates horizons and is capable of resolving the spacetime all the way to the singularity. We perform high-resolution numerical simulations of the evolution of negative mass initial scalar field profiles, which were argued to provide a counterexample to cosmic censorship conjecture for AdS-asymptotic spacetimes in five-dimensional supergravity. In no instances formation of naked singularity is seen. Instead, numerical evidence indicates that black holes form in the collapse. Our results are consistent with earlier numerical studies, and explicitly show where the 'no black hole'more » argument breaks.« less

BPS objects in D = 7 supergravity and their M-theory origin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dibitetto, Giuseppe; Petri, Nicolò

2017-12-01

We study several different types of BPS flows within minimal N=1 , D = 7 supergravity with SU(2) gauge group and non-vanishing topological mass. After reviewing some known domain wall solutions involving only the metric and the ℝ+ scalar field, we move to considering more general flows involving a "dyonic" profile for the 3-form gauge potential. In this context, we consider flows featuring a Mkw3 as well as an AdS3 slicing, write down the corresponding flow equations, and integrate them analytically to obtain many examples of asymptotically AdS7 solutions in presence of a running 3-form. Furthermore, we move to adding the possibility of non-vanishing vector fields, find the new corresponding flows and integrate them numerically. Finally, we discuss the eleven-dimensional interpretation of the aforementioned solutions as effective descriptions of M2 - M5 bound states.

On the fakeness of fake supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Celi, Alessio; Proeyen, Antoine van; Ceresole, Anna

2005-02-15

We revisit and complete the study of curved BPS-domain walls in matter-coupled 5D, N=2 supergravity and carefully analyze the relation to gravitational theories known as ''fake supergravities.'' We first show that curved BPS-domain walls require the presence of nontrivial hypermultiplet scalars, whereas walls that are solely supported by vector multiplet scalars are necessarily flat, due to the constraints from very special geometry. We then recover fake supergravity as the effective description of true supergravity where one restricts the attention to the flowing scalar field of a given BPS-domain wall. In general, however, true supergravity can be simulated by fake supergravitymore » at most locally, based upon two choices: (i) a suitable adapted coordinate system on the scalar manifold, such that only one scalar field plays a dynamical role, and (ii) a gauge fixing of the SU(2) connection on the quaternionic-Kaehler manifold, as this connection does not fit the simple formalism of fake supergravity. Employing these gauge and coordinate choices, the BPS-equations for both vector and hypermultiplet scalars become identical to the fake supergravity equations, once the line of flow is determined by the full supergravity equations.« less

Topological sources of soliton mass and supersymmetry breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haas, Patrick A.

2018-06-01

We derive the Smarr formulae for two five-dimensional solutions of supergravity, which are asymptotically ; in particular, one has a magnetic ‘bolt’ in its center, and one is a two-center solution. We show for both spacetimes that supersymmetry—and so the BPS-bound—is broken by the holonomy and how each topological feature of a space-like hypersurface enters Smarr’s mass formula, with emphasis on the ones that give rise to the stated violation of the BPS-bound. In this light, we question if any violating extra-mass term in a spacetime with such asymptotics is only evident in the ADM mass while the Komar mass per se ‘tries’ to preserve BPS. Finally, we derive the cohomological fluxes for each situation and examine in a more general fashion how the breaking of supersymmetry—and so the BPS-bound violation—is associated with their topologies. In the second (and more complicated) scenario, we especially focus on the compact cycle linking the centers, and the contribution of non-vanishing bulk terms in the mass formula to the breaking of supersymmetry.

On N = 1 partition functions without R-symmetry

DOE PAGES

Knodel, Gino; Liu, James T.; Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando

2015-03-25

Here, we examine the dependence of four-dimensional Euclidean N = 1 partition functions on coupling constants. In particular, we focus on backgrounds without R-symmetry, which arise in the rigid limit of old minimal supergravity. Backgrounds preserving a single supercharge may be classified as having either trivial or SU(2) structure, with the former including S 4. We show that, in the absence of additional symmetries, the partition function depends non-trivially on all couplings in the trivial structure case, and (anti)-holomorphically on couplings in the SU(2) structure case. In both cases, this allows for ambiguities in the form of finite counterterms, whichmore » in principle render the partition function unphysical. However, we argue that on dimensional grounds, ambiguities are restricted to finite powers in relevant couplings, and can therefore be kept under control. On the other hand, for backgrounds preserving supercharges of opposite chiralities, the partition function is completely independent of all couplings. In this case, the background admits an R-symmetry, and the partition function is physical, in agreement with the results obtained in the rigid limit of new minimal supergravity. Based on a systematic analysis of supersymmetric invariants, we also demonstrate that N = 1 localization is not possible for backgrounds without R-symmetry.« less

Gauged Supergravities and Spontaneous Supersymmetry Breaking from the Double Copy Construction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiodaroli, M.; Günaydin, M.; Johansson, H.; Roiban, R.

2018-04-01

Supergravities with gauged R symmetry and Minkowski vacua allow for spontaneous supersymmetry breaking and, as such, provide a framework for building supergravity models of phenomenological relevance. In this Letter, we initiate the study of double copy constructions for these supergravities. We argue that, on general grounds, we expect their scattering amplitudes to be described by a double copy of the type (spontaneously broken gauge theory)⊗ (gauge theory with broken supersymmetry). We present a simple realization in which the resulting supergravity has U (1 )R gauge symmetry, spontaneously broken N =2 supersymmetry, and massive gravitini. This is the first instance of a double copy construction of a gauged supergravity and of a theory with spontaneously broken supersymmetry. The construction extends in a straightforward manner to a large family of gauged Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity theories with or without spontaneous gauge-symmetry breaking.

On coupling NEC-violating matter to gravity

DOE PAGES

Chatterjee, Saugata; Parikh, Maulik; van der Schaar, Jan Pieter

2015-03-16

We show that effective theories of matter that classically violate the null energy condition cannot be minimally coupled to Einstein gravity without being inconsistent with both string theory and black hole thermodynamics. We argue however that they could still be either non-minimally coupled or coupled to higher-curvature theories of gravity.

Neutrino CP violation and sign of baryon asymmetry in the minimal seesaw model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shimizu, Yusuke; Takagi, Kenta; Tanimoto, Morimitsu

2018-03-01

We discuss the correlation between the CP violating Dirac phase of the lepton mixing matrix and the cosmological baryon asymmetry based on the leptogenesis in the minimal seesaw model with two right-handed Majorana neutrinos and the trimaximal mixing for neutrino flavors. The sign of the CP violating Dirac phase at low energy is fixed by the observed cosmological baryon asymmetry since there is only one phase parameter in the model. According to the recent T2K and NOνA data of the CP violation, the Dirac neutrino mass matrix of our model is fixed only for the normal hierarchy of neutrino masses.

Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on conformal supergravity backgrounds in ten dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Medeiros, Paul; Figueroa-O'Farrill, José

2016-03-01

We consider bosonic supersymmetric backgrounds of ten-dimensional conformal supergravity. Up to local conformal isometry, we classify the maximally supersymmetric backgrounds, determine their conformal symmetry superalgebras and show how they arise as near-horizon geometries of certain half-BPS backgrounds or as a plane-wave limit thereof. We then show how to define Yang-Mills theory with rigid supersymmetry on any supersymmetric conformal supergravity background and, in particular, on the maximally supersymmetric backgrounds. We conclude by commenting on a striking resemblance between the supersymmetric backgrounds of ten-dimensional conformal supergravity and those of eleven-dimensional Poincaré supergravity.

Five-Dimensional Gauged Supergravity with Higher Derivatives

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanaki, Kentaro

This thesis summarizes the recent developments on the study of five-dimensional gauged supergravity with higher derivative terms, emphasizing in particular the application to understanding the hydrodynamic properties of gauge theory plasma via the AdS/CFT correspondence. We first review how the ungauged and gauged five-dimensional supergravity actions with higher derivative terms can be constructed using the off-shell superconformal formalism. Then we relate the gauged supergravity to four-dimensional gauge theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence and extract the physical quantities associated with gauge theory plasma from the dual classical supergravity computations. We put a particular emphasis on the discussion of the conjectured lower bound for the shear viscosity over entropy density ratio proposed by Kovtun, Son and Starinets, and discuss how higher derivative terms in supergravity and the introduction of chemical potential for the R-charge affect this bound.

Matter-coupled de Sitter supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kallosh, R. E.

2016-05-01

The de Sitter supergravity describes the interaction of supergravity with general chiral and vector multiplets and also one nilpotent chiral multiplet. The extra universal positive term in the potential, generated by the nilpotent multiplet and corresponding to the anti-D3 brane in string theory, is responsible for the de Sitter vacuum stability in these supergravity models. In the flat-space limit, these supergravity models include the Volkov-Akulov model with a nonlinearly realized supersymmetry. We generalize the rules for constructing the pure de Sitter supergravity action to the case of models containing other matter multiplets. We describe a method for deriving the closed-form general supergravity action with a given potential K, superpotential W, and vectormatrix fAB interacting with a nilpotent chiral multiplet. It has the potential V = eK(|F2|+|DW|2-3|W|2), where F is the auxiliary field of the nilpotent multiplet and is necessarily nonzero. The de Sitter vacuums are present under the simple condition that |F2|-3|W|2 > 0. We present an explicit form of the complete action in the unitary gauge.

No-scale ripple inflation revisited

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Tianjun; Li, Zhijin; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V., E-mail: tli@itp.ac.cn, E-mail: lizhijin@physics.tamu.edu, E-mail: dimitri@physics.tamu.edu

We revisit the no-scale ripple inflation model, where no-scale supergravity is modified by an additional term for the inflaton field in the Kähler potential. This term not only breaks one SU(N,1) symmetry explicitly, but also plays an important role for inflation. We generalize the superpotential in the no-scale ripple inflation model slightly. There exists a discrete Z{sub 2} symmetry/parity in the scalar potential in general, which can be preserved or violated by the non-canonical nomalized inflaton kinetic term. Thus, there are three inflation paths: one parity invariant path, and the left and right paths for parity violating scenario. We showmore » that the inflations along the parity invariant path and right path are consistent with the Planck results. However, the gavitino mass for the parity invariant path is so large that the inflation results will be invalid if we consider the inflaton supersymmetry breaking soft mass term. Thus, only the inflation along the right path gives the correct and consistent results. Notably, the tensor-to-scalar ratio in such case can be large, with a value around 0.05, which may be probed by the future Planck experiment.« less

Nondecoupling of maximal supergravity from the superstring.

PubMed

Green, Michael B; Ooguri, Hirosi; Schwarz, John H

2007-07-27

We consider the conditions necessary for obtaining perturbative maximal supergravity in d dimensions as a decoupling limit of type II superstring theory compactified on a (10-d) torus. For dimensions d=2 and d=3, it is possible to define a limit in which the only finite-mass states are the 256 massless states of maximal supergravity. However, in dimensions d>or=4, there are infinite towers of additional massless and finite-mass states. These correspond to Kaluza-Klein charges, wound strings, Kaluza-Klein monopoles, or branes wrapping around cycles of the toroidal extra dimensions. We conclude that perturbative supergravity cannot be decoupled from string theory in dimensions>or=4. In particular, we conjecture that pure N=8 supergravity in four dimensions is in the Swampland.

Exceptional Form of D=11 Supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hohm, Olaf; Samtleben, Henning

2013-12-01

Eleven-dimensional supergravity reveals large exceptional symmetries upon reduction, in accordance with the U-duality groups of M theory, but their higher-dimensional geometric origin has remained a mystery. In this Letter, we show that D=11 supergravity can be extended to be fully covariant under the exceptional groups En(n), n=6, 7, 8. Motivated by a similar formulation of double field theory we introduce an extended “exceptional spacetime.” We illustrate the construction by giving the explicit E6(6) covariant form: the full D=11 supergravity, in a 5+6 splitting of coordinates but without truncation, embeds into an E6(6) covariant 5+27 dimensional theory. We argue that this covariant form likewise comprises type IIB supergravity.

Minimalism in inflation model building

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dvali, Gia; Riotto, Antonio

1998-01-01

In this paper we demand that a successful inflationary scenario should follow from a model entirely motivated by particle physics considerations. We show that such a connection is indeed possible within the framework of concrete supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories where the doublet-triplet splitting problem is naturally solved. The Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term of a gauge U(1)ξ symmetry, which plays a crucial role in the solution of the doublet-triplet splitting problem, simultaneously provides a built-in inflationary slope protected from dangerous supergravity corrections.

Flux compactification of M-theory on compact manifolds with spin(7) holonomy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Constantin, Dragos Eugeniu

2005-11-01

At the leading order, M-theory admits minimal supersymmetric compactifications if the internal manifold has exceptional holonomy. The inclusion of non-vanishing fluxes in M-theory and string theory compactifications induce a superpotential in the lower dimensional theory, which depends on the fluxes. In this work, we check the conjectured form of this superpotential in the case of warped M-theory compactifications on Spin (7) holonomy manifolds. We perform a Kaluza-Klein reduction of the eleven-dimensional supersymmetry transformation for the gravitino and we find by direct comparison the superpotential expression. We check the conjecture for the heterotic string compactified on a Calabi-Yau three-fold as well. The conjecture can be checked indirectly by inspecting the scalar potential obtained after the compactification of M-theory on Spin (7) holonomy manifolds with non-vanishing fluxes. The scalar potential can be written in terms of the superpotential and we show that this potential stabilizes all the moduli fields describing deformations of the metric except for the radial modulus. All the above analyses require the knowledge of the minimal supergravity action in three dimensions. Therefore we calculate the most general causal N = 1 three-dimensional, gauge invariant action coupled to matter in superspace and derive its component form using Ectoplasmic integration theory. We also show that the three-dimensional theory which results from the compactification is in agreement with the more general supergravity construction. The compactification procedure takes into account higher order quantum correction terms in the low energy effective action. We analyze the properties of these terms on a Spin (7) background. We derive a perturbative set of solutions which emerges from a warped compactification on a Spin (7) holonomy manifold with non-vanishing flux for the M-theory field strength and we show that in general the Ricci flatness of the internal manifold is lost, which means that the supergravity vacua are deformed away from the exceptional holonomy. Using the superpotential form we identify the supersymmetric vacua out of this general set of solutions.

Gauging hidden symmetries in two dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Samtleben, Henning; Weidner, Martin

2007-08-01

We initiate the systematic construction of gauged matter-coupled supergravity theories in two dimensions. Subgroups of the affine global symmetry group of toroidally compactified supergravity can be gauged by coupling vector fields with minimal couplings and a particular topological term. The gauge groups typically include hidden symmetries that are not among the target-space isometries of the ungauged theory. The gaugings constructed in this paper are described group-theoretically in terms of a constant embedding tensor subject to a number of constraints which parametrizes the different theories and entirely encodes the gauged Lagrangian. The prime example is the bosonic sector of the maximally supersymmetric theory whose ungauged version admits an affine fraktur e9 global symmetry algebra. The various parameters (related to higher-dimensional p-form fluxes, geometric and non-geometric fluxes, etc.) which characterize the possible gaugings, combine into an embedding tensor transforming in the basic representation of fraktur e9. This yields an infinite-dimensional class of maximally supersymmetric theories in two dimensions. We work out and discuss several examples of higher-dimensional origin which can be systematically analyzed using the different gradings of fraktur e9.

Euclidean supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

de Wit, Bernard; Reys, Valentin

2017-12-01

Supergravity with eight supercharges in a four-dimensional Euclidean space is constructed at the full non-linear level by performing an off-shell time-like reduction of five-dimensional supergravity. The resulting four-dimensional theory is realized off-shell with the Weyl, vector and tensor supermultiplets and a corresponding multiplet calculus. Hypermultiplets are included as well, but they are themselves only realized with on-shell supersymmetry. We also briefly discuss the non-linear supermultiplet. The off-shell reduction leads to a full understanding of the Euclidean theory. A complete multiplet calculus is presented along the lines of the Minkowskian theory. Unlike in Minkowski space, chiral and anti-chiral multiplets are real and supersymmetric actions are generally unbounded from below. Precisely as in the Minkowski case, where one has different formulations of Poincaré supergravity upon introducing different compensating supermultiplets, one can also obtain different versions of Euclidean supergravity.

Hidden symmetries and Lie algebra structures from geometric and supergravity Killing spinors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Açık, Özgür; Ertem, Ümit

2016-08-01

We consider geometric and supergravity Killing spinors and the spinor bilinears constructed out of them. The spinor bilinears of geometric Killing spinors correspond to the antisymmetric generalizations of Killing vector fields which are called Killing-Yano forms. They constitute a Lie superalgebra structure in constant curvature spacetimes. We show that the Dirac currents of geometric Killing spinors satisfy a Lie algebra structure up to a condition on 2-form spinor bilinears. We propose that the spinor bilinears of supergravity Killing spinors give way to different generalizations of Killing vector fields to higher degree forms. It is also shown that those supergravity Killing forms constitute a Lie algebra structure in six- and ten-dimensional cases. For five- and eleven-dimensional cases, the Lie algebra structure depends on an extra condition on supergravity Killing forms.

On an algebraic structure of dimensionally reduced magical supergravity theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fukuchi, Shin; Mizoguchi, Shun'ya

2018-06-01

We study an algebraic structure of magical supergravities in three dimensions. We show that if the commutation relations among the generators of the quasi-conformal group in the super-Ehlers decomposition are in a particular form, then one can always find a parameterization of the group element in terms of various 3d bosonic fields that reproduces the 3d reduced Lagrangian of the corresponding magical supergravity. This provides a unified treatment of all the magical supergravity theories in finding explicit relations between the 3d dimensionally reduced Lagrangians and particular coset nonlinear sigma models. We also verify that the commutation relations of E 6 (+ 2), the quasi-conformal group for A = C, indeed satisfy this property, allowing the algebraic interpretation of the structure constants and scalar field functions as was done in the F 4 (+ 4) magical supergravity.

Landscape of supersymmetric particle mass hierarchies and their signature space at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.

PubMed

Feldman, Daniel; Liu, Zuowei; Nath, Pran

2007-12-21

The minimal supersymmetric standard model with soft breaking has a large landscape of supersymmetric particle mass hierarchies. This number is reduced significantly in well-motivated scenarios such as minimal supergravity and alternatives. We carry out an analysis of the landscape for the first four lightest particles and identify at least 16 mass patterns, and provide benchmarks for each. We study the signature space for the patterns at the CERN Large Hadron Collider by analyzing the lepton+ (jet> or =2) + missing P{T} signals with 0, 1, 2, and 3 leptons. Correlations in missing P{T} are also analyzed. It is found that even with 10 fb{-1} of data a significant discrimination among patterns emerges.

40 CFR 63.456 - Affirmative defense for violation of emission standards during malfunction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... violation: (i) Was caused by a sudden, infrequent, and unavoidable failure of air pollution control...; and (iii) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have been foreseen and avoided, or... were taken to minimize the impact of the violation on ambient air quality, the environment and human...

40 CFR 63.456 - Affirmative defense for violation of emission standards during malfunction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... violation: (i) Was caused by a sudden, infrequent, and unavoidable failure of air pollution control...; and (iii) Did not stem from any activity or event that could have been foreseen and avoided, or... were taken to minimize the impact of the violation on ambient air quality, the environment and human...

Testing minimal flavor violation in leptoquark models of the {R_K}{^{(\\ast )}} anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aloni, Daniel; Dery, Avital; Frugiuele, Claudia; Nir, Yosef

2017-11-01

The {R_K}{^{(\\ast )}} anomaly can be explained by tree level exchange of leptoquarks. We study the consequences of subjecting these models to the principle of minimal flavor violation (MFV). We consider MFV in the linear regime, and take the charged lepton Yukawa matrix to be the only spurion that violates lepton flavor universality. We find that a combination of constraints from a variety of processes — b → sμμ, b → sττ , b → sνν, b\\overline{b}\\to τ τ and b → cτν — excludes MFV in these models.

Scattering amplitudes in $$\\mathcal{N}=2 $$ Maxwell-Einstein and Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chiodaroli, Marco; Gunaydin, Murat; Johansson, Henrik

We expose a double-copy structure in the scattering amplitudes of the generic Jordan family of N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein and Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity theories in four and five dimensions. The Maxwell-Einstein supergravity amplitudes are obtained through the color/kinematics duality as a product of two gauge-theory factors; one originating from pure N = 2 super-Yang-Mills theory and the other from the dimensional reduction of a bosonic higher-dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory. We identify a specific symplectic frame in four dimensions for which the on-shell fields and amplitudes from the double-copy construction can be identified with the ones obtained from the supergravity Lagrangian andmore » Feynman-rule computations. The Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity theories are obtained by gauging a compact subgroup of the isometry group of their Maxwell-Einstein counterparts. For the generic Jordan family this process is identified with the introduction of cubic scalar couplings on the bosonic gauge-theory side, which through the double copy are responsible for the non-abelian vector interactions in the supergravity theory. As a demonstration of the power of this structure, we present explicit computations at treelevel and one loop. Lastly, the double-copy construction allows us to obtain compact expressions for the supergravity superamplitudes, which are naturally organized as polynomials in the gauge coupling constant.« less

Scattering amplitudes in $$\\mathcal{N}=2 $$ Maxwell-Einstein and Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity

DOE PAGES

Chiodaroli, Marco; Gunaydin, Murat; Johansson, Henrik; ...

2015-01-15

We expose a double-copy structure in the scattering amplitudes of the generic Jordan family of N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein and Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity theories in four and five dimensions. The Maxwell-Einstein supergravity amplitudes are obtained through the color/kinematics duality as a product of two gauge-theory factors; one originating from pure N = 2 super-Yang-Mills theory and the other from the dimensional reduction of a bosonic higher-dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory. We identify a specific symplectic frame in four dimensions for which the on-shell fields and amplitudes from the double-copy construction can be identified with the ones obtained from the supergravity Lagrangian andmore » Feynman-rule computations. The Yang-Mills/Einstein supergravity theories are obtained by gauging a compact subgroup of the isometry group of their Maxwell-Einstein counterparts. For the generic Jordan family this process is identified with the introduction of cubic scalar couplings on the bosonic gauge-theory side, which through the double copy are responsible for the non-abelian vector interactions in the supergravity theory. As a demonstration of the power of this structure, we present explicit computations at treelevel and one loop. Lastly, the double-copy construction allows us to obtain compact expressions for the supergravity superamplitudes, which are naturally organized as polynomials in the gauge coupling constant.« less

Deployment strategy for battery energy storage system in distribution network based on voltage violation regulation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, H.; Zhou, L.; Xu, T.; Fang, W. L.; He, W. G.; Liu, H. M.

2017-11-01

In order to improve the situation of voltage violation caused by the grid-connection of photovoltaic (PV) system in a distribution network, a bi-level programming model is proposed for battery energy storage system (BESS) deployment. The objective function of inner level programming is to minimize voltage violation, with the power of PV and BESS as the variables. The objective function of outer level programming is to minimize the comprehensive function originated from inner layer programming and all the BESS operating parameters, with the capacity and rated power of BESS as the variables. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is applied to solve the model. Based on distribution network operation scenarios with photovoltaic generation under multiple alternative output modes, the simulation results of IEEE 33-bus system prove that the deployment strategy of BESS proposed in this paper is well adapted to voltage violation regulation invariable distribution network operation scenarios. It contributes to regulating voltage violation in distribution network, as well as to improve the utilization of PV systems.

Minimal state-dependent proof of measurement contextuality for a qubit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kunjwal, Ravi; Ghosh, Sibasish

2014-04-01

We show that three unsharp binary qubit measurements are enough to violate a generalized noncontextuality inequality, the Liang-Spekkens-Wiseman inequality, in a state-dependent manner. For the case of trine spin axes we calculate the optimal quantum violation of this inequality. In addition, we show that unsharp qubit measurements do not allow a state-independent violation of this inequality. We thus provide a minimal state-dependent proof of measurement contextuality requiring one qubit and three unsharp measurements. Our result rules out generalized noncontextual models of these measurements which were previously conjectured to exist. More importantly, this class of generalized noncontextual models includes the traditional Kochen-Specker (KS) noncontextual models as a proper subset, so our result rules out a larger class of models than those ruled out by a violation of the corresponding KS inequality in this scenario.

Dyonic AdS black holes in maximal gauged supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, David D. K.; Compère, Geoffrey

2014-03-01

We present two new classes of dyonic anti-de Sitter black hole solutions of four-dimensional maximal N =8, SO(8) gauged supergravity. They are (1) static black holes of N=2, U(1)4 gauged supergravity with four electric and four magnetic charges, with spherical, planar or hyperbolic horizons; and (2) rotating black holes of N =2, U(1)2 gauged supergravity with two electric and two magnetic charges. We study their thermodynamics, and point out that the formulation of a consistent thermodynamics for dyonic anti-de Sitter black holes is dependent on the existence of boundary conditions for the gauge fields. We identify several distinct classes of boundary conditions for gauge fields in U(1)4 supergravity. We study a general family of metrics containing the rotating solutions, and find Killing-Yano tensors with torsion in two conformal frames, which underlie separability.

IIB supergravity and the E 6(6) covariant vector-tensor hierarchy

DOE PAGES

Ciceri, Franz; de Wit, Bernard; Varela, Oscar

2015-04-20

IIB supergravity is reformulated with a manifest local USp(8) invariance that makes the embedding of five-dimensional maximal supergravities transparent. In this formulation the ten-dimensional theory exhibits all the 27 one-form fields and 22 of the 27 two-form fields that are required by the vector-tensor hierarchy of the five-dimensional theory. The missing 5 two-form fields must transform in the same representation as a descendant of the ten-dimensional ‘dual graviton’. The invariant E 6(6) symmetric tensor that appears in the vector-tensor hierarchy is reproduced. Generalized vielbeine are derived from the supersymmetry transformations of the vector fields, as well as consistent expressions formore » the USp(8) covariant fermion fields. Implications are further discussed for the consistency of the truncation of IIB supergravity compactified on the five-sphere to maximal gauged supergravity in five space-time dimensions with an SO(6) gauge group.« less

Dark Matter from SUGRA GUTs: mSUGRA, NUSUGRA and Yukawa-unified SUGRA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Baer, Howard

2009-09-08

Gravity-mediated SUSY breaking models with R-parity conservation give rise to dark matter in the universe. I review neutralino dark matter in the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA), models with non-universal soft SUSY breaking terms (NUSUGRA) which yield a well-tempered neutralino, and models with unified Yukawa couplings at the GUT scale (as may occur in an SO(10) SUSY GUT theory). These latter models have difficulty accomodating neutralino dark matter, but work very well if the dark matter particles are axions and axinos.

ANOMALY STRUCTURE OF SUPERGRAVITY AND ANOMALY CANCELLATION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Butter, Daniel; Gaillard, Mary K.

2009-06-10

We display the full anomaly structure of supergravity, including new D-term contributions to the conformal anomaly. This expression has the super-Weyl and chiral U(1){sub K} transformation properties that are required for implementation of the Green-Schwarz mechanism for anomaly cancellation. We outline the procedure for full anomaly cancellation. Our results have implications for effective supergravity theories from the weakly coupled heterotic string theory.

Potential interventions by government and industry to minimize violations of temporary flight restrictions

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2005-09-30

This document enumerates interventions to reduce the frequency of restricted airspace violations, particularly those associated with temporary flight restrictions (TFRs) and air defense identification zones (ADIZs), by more effectively providing pilo...

Ghostbusters in f ( R) supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fujimori, Toshiaki; Nitta, Muneto; Ohashi, Keisuke; Yamada, Yusuke

2018-05-01

f ( R) supergravity is known to contain a ghost mode associated with higher-derivative terms if it contains R n with n greater than two. We remove the ghost in f ( R) supergravity by introducing auxiliary gauge field to absorb the ghost. We dub this method as the ghostbuster mechanism [1]. We show that the mechanism removes the ghost super-multiplet but also terms including R n with n ≥ 3, after integrating out auxiliary degrees of freedom. For pure supergravity case, there appears an instability in the resultant scalar potential. We then show that the instability of the scalar potential can be cured by introducing matter couplings in such a way that the system has a stable potential.

Pure spinors, function superspaces and supergravity theories in ten and eleven dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Howe, P. S.

1991-12-01

The constraints of d = 10 supergravity coupled to super Yang-Mills and d = 11 supergravity are studied from the viewpoint of the differential geometry of certain function superspaces. For d = 10 the appropriate function space is loop superspace, and the presence of Chern-Simons terms in the coupling of supergravity to Yang-Mills is incorporated into the formalism via a central extension of the loop group of the Yang-Mills group. For d = 11 the function superspace is the space of maps from a compact two-manifold to superspace. In both cases the superspaces include additional commuting coordinates which are pure spinors. Permanent address: Department of Mathematics, King's College, London WC2R 2LS, UK.

Super-BMS3 algebras from {N}=2 flat supergravities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lodato, Ivano; Merbis, Wout

2016-11-01

We consider two possible flat space limits of three dimensional {N}=(1, 1) AdS supergravity. They differ by how the supercharges are scaled with the AdS radius ℓ: the first limit (democratic) leads to the usual super-Poincaré theory, while a novel `twisted' theory of supergravity stems from the second (despotic) limit. We then propose boundary conditions such that the asymptotic symmetry algebras at null infinity correspond to supersymmetric extensions of the BMS algebras previously derived in connection to non- and ultra-relativistic limits of the {N}=(1, 1) Virasoro algebra in two dimensions. Finally, we study the supersymmetric energy bounds and find the explicit form of the asymptotic and global Killing spinors of supersymmetric solutions in both flat space supergravity theories.

Rigid supersymmetric backgrounds of 3-dimensional Newton-Cartan supergravity

DOE PAGES

Knodel, Gino; Lisbao, Pedro; Liu, James T.

2016-06-06

Recently, a non-relativistic off-shell formulation of three dimensional Newton-Cartan supergravity was proposed as the c → ∞ limit of three dimensional N = 2 super-gravity [1]. Here in the present paper we study supersymmetric backgrounds within this theory. Using integrability constraints for the non-relativistic Killing spinor equations, we explicitly construct all maximally supersymmetric solutions, which admit four supercharges. In addition to these solutions, there aremore » $$\\frac{1}{2}$$ -BPS solutions with reduced supersymmetry. We give explicit examples of such backgrounds and derive necessary conditions for backgrounds preserving two supercharges. Finally, we address how supersymmetric backgrounds of N = 2 supergravity are connected to the solutions found here in the c → ∞ limit.« less

String Theory Origin of Dyonic N=8 Supergravity and Its Chern-Simons Duals.

PubMed

Guarino, Adolfo; Jafferis, Daniel L; Varela, Oscar

2015-08-28

We clarify the higher-dimensional origin of a class of dyonic gaugings of D=4  N=8 supergravity recently discovered, when the gauge group is chosen to be ISO(7). This dyonically gauged maximal supergravity arises from consistent truncation of massive IIA supergravity on S^6, and its magnetic coupling constant descends directly from the Romans mass. The critical points of the supergravity uplift to new four-dimensional anti-de Sitter space (AdS4) massive type IIA vacua. We identify the corresponding three-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT3) duals as super-Chern-Simons-matter theories with simple gauge group SU(N) and level k given by the Romans mass. In particular, we find a critical point that uplifts to the first explicit N=2 AdS4 massive IIA background. We compute its free energy and that of the candidate dual Chern-Simons theory by localization to a solvable matrix model, and find perfect agreement. This provides the first AdS4/CFT3 precision match in massive type IIA string theory.

Functional determinants, index theorems, and exact quantum black hole entropy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murthy, Sameer; Reys, Valentin

2015-12-01

The exact quantum entropy of BPS black holes can be evaluated using localization in supergravity. An important ingredient in this program, that has been lacking so far, is the one-loop effect arising from the quadratic fluctuations of the exact deformation (the QV operator). We compute the fluctuation determinant for vector multiplets and hyper multiplets around Q-invariant off-shell configurations in four-dimensional N=2 supergravity with AdS 2 × S 2 boundary conditions, using the Atiyah-Bott fixed-point index theorem and a subsequent zeta function regularization. Our results extend the large-charge on-shell entropy computations in the literature to a regime of finite charges. Based on our results, we present an exact formula for the quantum entropy of BPS black holes in N=2 supergravity. We explain cancellations concerning 1/8 -BPS black holes in N=8 supergravity that were observed in arXiv:1111.1161. We also make comments about the interpretation of a logarithmic term in the topological string partition function in the low energy supergravity theory.

How do we assign punishment? The impact of minimal and maximal standards on the evaluation of deviants.

PubMed

Kessler, Thomas; Neumann, Jörg; Mummendey, Amélie; Berthold, Anne; Schubert, Thomas; Waldzus, Sven

2010-09-01

To explain the determinants of negative behavior toward deviants (e.g., punishment), this article examines how people evaluate others on the basis of two types of standards: minimal and maximal. Minimal standards focus on an absolute cutoff point for appropriate behavior; accordingly, the evaluation of others varies dichotomously between acceptable or unacceptable. Maximal standards focus on the degree of deviation from that standard; accordingly, the evaluation of others varies gradually from positive to less positive. This framework leads to the prediction that violation of minimal standards should elicit punishment regardless of the degree of deviation, whereas punishment in response to violations of maximal standards should depend on the degree of deviation. Four studies assessed or manipulated the type of standard and degree of deviation displayed by a target. Results consistently showed the expected interaction between type of standard (minimal and maximal) and degree of deviation on punishment behavior.

The topological structure of supergravity: an application to supersymmetric localization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Imbimbo, Camillo; Rosa, Dario

2018-05-01

The BRST algebra of supergravity is characterized by two different bilinears of the commuting supersymmetry ghosts: a vector γ μ and a scalar ϕ, the latter valued in the Yang-Mills Lie algebra. We observe that under BRST transformations γ and ϕ transform as the superghosts of, respectively, topological gravity and topological Yang-Mills coupled to topological gravity. This topological structure sitting inside any supergravity leads to universal equivariant cohomological equations for the curvatures 2-forms which hold on supersymmetric bosonic backgrounds. Additional equivariant cohomological equations can be derived for supersymmetric backgrounds of supergravities for which certain gauge invariant scalar bilinears of the commuting ghosts exist. Among those, N = (2 , 2) in d = 2, which we discuss in detail in this paper, and N = 2 in d = 4.

Quantum supergravity, supergravity anomalies and string phenomenology

DOE PAGES

Gaillard, Mary K.

2016-03-15

I discuss the role of quantum effects in the phenomenology of effective supergravity theories from compactification of the weakly coupled heterotic string. An accurate incorporation of these effects requires a regularization procedure that respects local supersymmetry and BRST invariance and that retains information associated with the cut-off scale, which has physical meaning in an effective theory. I briefly outline the Pauli–Villars regularization procedure, describe some applications, and comment on what remains to be done to fully define the effective quantum field theory.

Impacts of supersymmetric higher derivative terms on inflation models in supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aoki, Shuntaro; Yamada, Yusuke, E-mail: shun-soccer@akane.waseda.jp, E-mail: yuusuke-yamada@asagi.waseda.jp

2015-07-01

We show the effects of supersymmetric higher derivative terms on inflation models in supergravity. The results show that such terms generically modify the effective kinetic coefficient of the inflaton during inflation if the cut off scale of the higher derivative operators is sufficiently small. In such a case, the η-problem in supergravity does not occur, and we find that the effective potential of the inflaton generically becomes a power type potential with a power smaller than two.

On supersymmetric anti-de Sitter, de Sitter and Minkowski flux backgrounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gran, U.; Gutowski, J. B.; Papadopoulos, G.

2018-03-01

We test the robustness of the conditions required for the existence of (supersymmetric) warped flux anti-de Sitter, de Sitter, and Minkowski backgrounds in supergravity theories using as examples suitable foliations of anti-de Sitter spaces. We find that there are supersymmetric de Sitter solutions in supergravity theories including maximally supersymmetric ones in 10- and 11-dimensional supergravities. Moreover, warped flux Minkowski backgrounds can admit Killing spinors which are not Killing on the Minkowski subspace and therefore cannot be put in a factorized form.

One-loop renormalization of Lorentz and C P T -violating scalar field theory in curved spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Netto, Tibério de Paula

2018-03-01

The one-loop divergences for the scalar field theory with Lorentz and/or C P T breaking terms are obtained in curved spacetime. We analyze two separate cases: a minimal coupled scalar field with gravity and a nonminimal one. For the minimal case with a real scalar field, the counterterms are evaluated in a nonperturbative form in the C P T -even parameter through a redefinition of a space-time metric. In the most complicated case of a complex scalar field nonminimally interacting with gravity, the solution for the divergences is obtained in the first order in the weak Lorentz violating parameter. The necessary form of the vacuum counterterms indicate the most important structures of Lorentz and C P T violations in the pure gravitational sector of the theory. The conformal theory limit is also analyzed. It turns out that if we allow the violating fields to transform, the classical conformal invariance of massless scalar fields can be maintained in the ξ =1 /6 case. At a quantum level, the conformal symmetry is violated by a trace anomaly. As a result, the conformal anomaly and the anomaly induced effective action are evaluated in the presence of extra Lorentz- and/or C P T -violating parameters. Such gravitational effective action is important for cosmological applications and can be used for searching of Lorentz violation in the primordial Universe in the cosmological perturbations, especially gravitational waves.

Post-LHC7 fine-tuning in the minimal supergravity/CMSSM model with a 125 GeV Higgs boson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baer, Howard; Barger, Vernon; Huang, Peisi; Mickelson, Dan; Mustafayev, Azar; Tata, Xerxes

2013-02-01

The recent discovery of a 125 GeV Higgs-like resonance at LHC, coupled with the lack of evidence for weak scale supersymmetry (SUSY), has severely constrained SUSY models such as minimal supergravity (mSUGRA)/CMSSM. As LHC probes deeper into SUSY model parameter space, the little hierarchy problem—how to reconcile the Z and Higgs boson mass scale with the scale of SUSY breaking—will become increasingly exacerbated unless a sparticle signal is found. We evaluate two different measures of fine-tuning in the mSUGRA/CMSSM model. The more stringent of these, ΔHS, includes effects that arise from the high-scale origin of the mSUGRA parameters while the second measure, ΔEW, is determined only by weak scale parameters: hence, it is universal to any model with the same particle spectrum and couplings. Our results incorporate the latest constraints from LHC7 sparticle searches, LHCb limits from Bs→μ+μ- and also require a light Higgs scalar with mh˜123-127GeV. We present fine-tuning contours in the m0 vs m1/2 plane for several sets of A0 and tan⁡β values. We also present results for ΔHS and ΔEW from a scan over the entire viable model parameter space. We find a ΔHS≳103, or at best 0.1%, fine-tuning. For the less stringent electroweak fine-tuning, we find ΔEW≳102, or at best 1%, fine-tuning. Two benchmark points are presented that have the lowest values of ΔHS and ΔEW. Our results provide a quantitative measure for ascertaining whether or not the remaining mSUGRA/CMSSM model parameter space is excessively fine-tuned and so could provide impetus for considering alternative SUSY models.

Separability of massive field equations for spin-0 and spin-1/2 charged particles in the general nonextremal rotating charged black hole spacetimes in minimal five-dimensional gauged supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wu Shuangqing

We continue to investigate the separability of massive field equations for spin-0 and spin-1/2 charged particles in the general, nonextremal, rotating, charged, Chong-Cvetic-Lue-Pope black holes with two independent angular momenta and a nonzero cosmological constant in minimal D=5 gauged supergravity theory. We show that the complex Klein-Gordon equation and the modified Dirac equation with the inclusion of an extra counterterm can be separated by variables into purely radial and purely angular parts in this general Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons background spacetime. A second-order symmetry operator that commutes with the complex Laplacian operator is constructed from the separated solutions and expressed compactly in termsmore » of a rank-2 Staeckel-Killing tensor which admits a simple diagonal form in the chosen pentad one-forms so that it can be understood as the square of a rank-3 totally antisymmetric tensor. A first-order symmetry operator that commutes with the modified Dirac operator is expressed in terms of a rank-3 generalized Killing-Yano tensor and its covariant derivative. The Hodge dual of this generalized Killing-Yano tensor is a generalized principal conformal Killing-Yano tensor of rank-2, which can generate a 'tower' of generalized (conformal) Killing-Yano and Staeckel-Killing tensors that are responsible for the whole hidden symmetries of this general, rotating, charged, Kerr-anti-de Sitter black hole geometry. In addition, the first laws of black hole thermodynamics have been generalized to the case that the cosmological constant can be viewed as a thermodynamical variable.« less

Probing the standard model and beyond with CP violation and particle cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Savastio, Michael Paul

We discuss topics related to CP violation and particle cosmology. First, we present some developments in improving the extraction of the CP violating parameter gamma from the decay B+/- → DK+/- followed by the subsequent decay D → KS pi +pi--. The mixing of the final state kaon is an additional CP violating effect which should be taken into account in the extraction of gamma, and we discuss how this should be done. We also discuss the optimization of phase space binning needed to extract gamma from these decays in a model independent way. Next, we discuss some cosmological constraints on R-parity violating, Minimally Flavor Violating (MFV) Supersymmetry (SUSY). Finally, we show that oribtally excited dark matter cannot persist over cosmic timescales for various model independent reasons.

Non-Abelian black string solutions of N = (2,0) , d = 6 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cano, Pablo A.; Ortín, Tomás; Santoli, Camilla

2016-12-01

We show that, when compactified on a circle, N = (2, 0), d = 6 supergravity coupled to 1 tensor multiplet and n V vector multiplets is dual to N = (2 , 0) , d = 6 supergravity coupled to just n T = n V + 1 tensor multiplets and no vector multiplets. Both theories reduce to the same models of N = 2 , d = 5 supergravity coupled to n V 5 = n V + 2 vector fields. We derive Buscher rules that relate solutions of these theories (and of the theory that one obtains by dualizing the 3-form field strength) admitting an isometry. Since the relations between the fields of N = 2 , d = 5 supergravity and those of the 6-dimensional theories are the same with or without gaugings, we construct supersymmetric non-Abelian solutions of the 6-dimensional gauged theories by uplifting the recently found 5-dimensional supersymmetric non-Abelian black-hole solutions. The solutions describe the usual superpositions of strings and waves supplemented by a BPST instanton in the transverse directions, similar to the gauge dyonic string of Duff, Lü and Pope. One of the solutions obtained interpolates smoothly between two AdS3× S3 geometries with different radii.

Dimensionality in Supergravity Cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, Zhong Chao

2008-01-01

It is shown that in d = 11 supergravity, under a very reasonable ansatz, the observable spacetime must be 4-dimensional. The spacetime dimensionality, for the first time, is proven from the First Principle, instead of the Anthropic Principle.

Construction of all N=4 conformal supergravities.

PubMed

Butter, Daniel; Ciceri, Franz; de Wit, Bernard; Sahoo, Bindusar

2017-02-24

All N=4 conformal supergravities in four space-time dimensions are constructed. These are the only N=4 supergravity theories whose actions are invariant under off-shell supersymmetry. They are encoded in terms of a holomorphic function that is homogeneous of zeroth degree in scalar fields that parametrize an SU(1,1)/U(1) coset space. When this function equals a constant the Lagrangian is invariant under continuous SU(1,1) transformations. The construction of these higher-derivative invariants also opens the door to various applications for nonconformal theories.

Divergences and boundary modes in $$ \\mathcal{N}=8 $$ supergravity

DOE PAGES

Larsen, Finn; Lisbao, Pedro

2016-01-07

We reconsider the one loop divergence ofmore » $$ \\mathcal{N}=8 $$ supergravity in four dimensions. We compute the finite effective potential of $$ \\mathcal{N}=8 $$ anti-deSitter supergravity and interpret it as logarithmic running of the cosmological constant. We show that quantum inequivalence between fields that are classically dual is due to boundary modes in AdS 4. In conclusion, the boundary modes are important in global AdS 4 but not in thermal AdS 4 since these geometries have different Euler characteristic.« less

Spinorial Geometry and Supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gillard, Joe

2006-08-01

In the main part of this thesis, we present the foundations and initial results of the Spinorial Geometry formalism for solving Killing spinor equations. This method can be used for any supergravity theory, although we largely focus on D=11 supergravity. The D=5 case is investigated in an appendix. The exposition provides a comprehensive introduction to the formalism, and contains background material on the complex spin representations which, it is hoped, will provide a useful bridge between the mathematical literature and our methods. Many solutions to the D=11 Killing spinor equations are presented, and the consequences for the spacetime geometry are explored in each case. Also in this thesis, we consider another class of supergravity solutions, namely heterotic string backgrounds with (2,0) world-sheet supersymmetry. We investigate the consequences of taking alpha-prime corrections into account in the field equations, in order to remain consistent with anomaly cancellation, while requiring that spacetime supersymmetry is preserved.

Two-field analysis of no-scale supergravity inflation

DOE PAGES

Ellis, John; Garcia, Marcos A. G.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; ...

2015-01-08

Since the building-blocks of supersymmetric models include chiral superfields containing pairs of effective scalar fields, a two-field approach is particularly appropriate for models of inflation based on supergravity. In this paper, we generalize the two-field analysis of the inflationary power spectrum to supergravity models with arbitrary Kähler potential. We show how two-field effects in the context of no-scale supergravity can alter the model predictions for the scalar spectral index n s and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r, yielding results that interpolate between the Planck-friendly Starobinsky model and BICEP2-friendly predictions. In particular, we show that two-field effects in a chaotic no-scale inflationmore » model with a quadratic potential are capable of reducing r to very small values << 0.1. Here, we also calculate the non-Gaussianity measure f NL, finding that is well below the current experimental sensitivity.« less

Flavored dark matter beyond Minimal Flavor Violation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Agrawal, Prateek; Blanke, Monika; Gemmler, Katrin

We study the interplay of flavor and dark matter phenomenology for models of flavored dark matter interacting with quarks. We allow an arbitrary flavor structure in the coupling of dark matter with quarks. This coupling is assumed to be the only new source of violation of the Standard Model flavor symmetry extended by a U(3) χ associated with the dark matter. We call this ansatz Dark Minimal Flavor Violation (DMFV) and highlight its various implications, including an unbroken discrete symmetry that can stabilize the dark matter. As an illustration we study a Dirac fermionic dark matter χ which transforms asmore » triplet under U(3) χ , and is a singlet under the Standard Model. The dark matter couples to right-handed down-type quarks via a colored scalar mediator Φ with a coupling λ. We identify a number of “flavor-safe” scenarios for the structure of λ which are beyond Minimal Flavor Violation. Also, for dark matter and collider phenomenology we focus on the well-motivated case of b-flavored dark matter. Furthermore, the combined flavor and dark matter constraints on the parameter space of λ turn out to be interesting intersections of the individual ones. LHC constraints on simplified models of squarks and sbottoms can be adapted to our case, and monojet searches can be relevant if the spectrum is compressed.« less

Flavored dark matter beyond Minimal Flavor Violation

DOE PAGES

Agrawal, Prateek; Blanke, Monika; Gemmler, Katrin

2014-10-13

We study the interplay of flavor and dark matter phenomenology for models of flavored dark matter interacting with quarks. We allow an arbitrary flavor structure in the coupling of dark matter with quarks. This coupling is assumed to be the only new source of violation of the Standard Model flavor symmetry extended by a U(3) χ associated with the dark matter. We call this ansatz Dark Minimal Flavor Violation (DMFV) and highlight its various implications, including an unbroken discrete symmetry that can stabilize the dark matter. As an illustration we study a Dirac fermionic dark matter χ which transforms asmore » triplet under U(3) χ , and is a singlet under the Standard Model. The dark matter couples to right-handed down-type quarks via a colored scalar mediator Φ with a coupling λ. We identify a number of “flavor-safe” scenarios for the structure of λ which are beyond Minimal Flavor Violation. Also, for dark matter and collider phenomenology we focus on the well-motivated case of b-flavored dark matter. Furthermore, the combined flavor and dark matter constraints on the parameter space of λ turn out to be interesting intersections of the individual ones. LHC constraints on simplified models of squarks and sbottoms can be adapted to our case, and monojet searches can be relevant if the spectrum is compressed.« less

Selective Precipitation and Concentrating of Perovskite Crystals from Titanium-Bearing Slag Melt in Supergravity Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Jintao; Zhong, Yiwei; Guo, Zhancheng

2016-08-01

Selective precipitation and concentrating of perovskite crystals from titanium-bearing slag melt in the supergravity field was investigated in this study. Since perovskite was the first precipitated phase from the slag melt during the cooling process, and a greater precipitation quantity and larger crystal sizes of perovskite were obtained at 1593 K to 1563 K (1320 °C to 1290 °C), concentrating of perovskite crystals from the slag melt was carried out at this temperature range in the supergravity field, at which the perovskite transforms into solid particles while the other minerals remain in the liquid melt. The layered structures appeared significantly in the sample obtained by supergravity treatment, and all the perovskite crystals moved along the supergravity direction and concentrated as the perovskite-rich phase in the bottom area, whereas the molten slag concentrated in the upper area along the opposite direction, in which it was impossible to find any perovskite crystals. With the gravity coefficient of G = 750, the mass fraction of TiO2 in the perovskite-rich phase was up to 34.65 wt pct, whereas that of the slag phase was decreased to 12.23 wt pct, and the recovery ratio of Ti in the perovskite-rich phase was up to 75.28 pct. On this basis, an amplification experimental centrifugal apparatus was exploited and the continuous experiment with larger scale was further carried out, the results confirming that selective precipitation and concentrating of perovskite crystals from the titanium-bearing slag melt by supergravity was a feasible method.

Chern-Simons forms in gravitation theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zanelli, Jorge

2012-07-01

The Chern-Simons (CS) form evolved from an obstruction in mathematics into an important object in theoretical physics. In fact, the presence of CS terms in physics is more common than one may think: they seem to play an important role in high Tc superconductivity and in recently discovered topological insulators. In classical physics, the minimal coupling in electromagnetism and to the action for a mechanical system in Hamiltonian form are examples of CS functionals. CS forms are also the natural generalization of the minimal coupling between the electromagnetic field and a point charge when the source is not point like but an extended fundamental object, a membrane. They are found in relation with anomalies in quantum field theories, and as Lagrangians for gauge fields, including gravity and supergravity. A cursory review of the role of CS forms in gravitation theories is presented at an introductory level.

Constraints on the dark matter neutralinos from the radio emissions of galaxy clusters

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kiew, Ching-Yee; Hwang, Chorng-Yuan; Zainal Abibin, Zamri

2017-05-01

By assuming the dark matter to be composed of neutralinos, we used the detection of upper limit on diffuse radio emission in a sample of galaxy clusters to put constraint on the properties of neutralinos. We showed the upper limit constraint on <σv>-mχ space with neutralino annihilation through b\\bar{b} and μ+μ- channels. The best constraint is from the galaxy clusters A2199 and A1367. We showed the uncertainty due to the density profile and cluster magnetic field. The largest uncertainty comes from the uncertainty in dark matter spatial distribution. We also investigated the constraints on minimal Supergravity (mSUGRA) and minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) parameter space by scanning the parameters using the darksusy package. By using the current radio observation, we managed to exclude 40 combinations of mSUGRA parameters. On the other hand, 573 combinations of MSSM parameters can be excluded by current observation.

Lorentz-violating gravitoelectromagnetism

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bailey, Quentin G.

2010-09-15

The well-known analogy between a special limit of general relativity and electromagnetism is explored in the context of the Lorentz-violating standard-model extension. An analogy is developed for the minimal standard-model extension that connects a limit of the CPT-even component of the electromagnetic sector to the gravitational sector. We show that components of the post-Newtonian metric can be directly obtained from solutions to the electromagnetic sector. The method is illustrated with specific examples including static and rotating sources. Some unconventional effects that arise for Lorentz-violating electrostatics and magnetostatics have an analog in Lorentz-violating post-Newtonian gravity. In particular, we show that evenmore » for static sources, gravitomagnetic fields arise in the presence of Lorentz violation.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Santos, A.F., E-mail: alesandroferreira@fisica.ufmt.br; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road Victoria, BC; Khanna, Faqir C., E-mail: khannaf@uvic.ca

Dynamics between particles is governed by Lorentz and CPT symmetry. There is a violation of Parity (P) and CP symmetry at low levels. The unified theory, that includes particle physics and quantum gravity, may be expected to be covariant with Lorentz and CPT symmetry. At high enough energies, will the unified theory display violation of any symmetry? The Standard Model Extension (SME), with Lorentz and CPT violating terms, has been suggested to include particle dynamics. The minimal SME in the pure photon sector is considered in order to calculate the Casimir effect at finite temperature.

40 CFR 63.11226 - Affirmative defense for violation of emission standards during malfunction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

..., infrequent, and unavoidable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to..., proper design or better operation and maintenance practices; and (iii) Did not stem from any activity or... minimize the impact of the violation on ambient air quality, the environment, and human health; and (6) All...

Lorentz violation, gravitoelectromagnetism and Bhabha scattering at finite temperature

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Santos, A. F.; Khanna, Faqir C.

2018-04-01

Gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM) is an approach for the gravitation field that is described using the formulation and terminology similar to that of electromagnetism. The Lorentz violation is considered in the formulation of GEM that is covariant in its form. In practice, such a small violation of the Lorentz symmetry may be expected in a unified theory at very high energy. In this paper, a non-minimal coupling term, which exhibits Lorentz violation, is added as a new term in the covariant form. The differential cross-section for Bhabha scattering in the GEM framework at finite temperature is calculated that includes Lorentz violation. The Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD) formalism is used to calculate the total differential cross-section at finite temperature. The contribution due to Lorentz violation is isolated from the total cross-section. It is found to be small in magnitude.

Anomaly cancellation for super- W -gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mansfield, P.; Spence, B.

1991-08-01

We generalise the description of minimal superconformal models coupled to supergravity, due to Distler, Hlousek and Kawaii, to super- W -gravity. When the chiral algebra is the generalisation of the W-algebra associated to any contragredient Lie superalgebra the total central charge vanishes as a result of Lie superalgebra identities. When the algebra has only fermionic simple roots there is N = 1 superconformal invariance and for this case we describe the Lax operators and construct gravitationally dressed primary superfields of weight zero. We also prove the anomaly cancellation associated with the generalised non-abelian Toda theories. Address from 1 October 1991: Physics Department, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, UK.

Higher order corrections to holographic black hole chemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sinamuli, Musema; Mann, Robert B.

2017-10-01

We investigate the holographic Smarr relation beyond the large N limit. By making use of the holographic dictionary, we find that the bulk correlates of subleading 1 /N corrections to this relation are related to the couplings in Lovelock gravity theories. We likewise obtain a holographic equation of state and check its validity for a variety of interesting and nontrivial black holes, including rotating planar black holes in Gauss-Bonnet-Born-Infeld gravity, and nonextremal rotating black holes in minimal five-dimensional gauged supergravity. We provide an explanation of the N -dependence of the holographic Smarr relation in terms of contributions due to planar and nonplanar diagrams in the dual theory.

On curvature squared invariants in 6D supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Novak, J.; Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, G.

2018-02-01

We review recent developments in the construction of curvature squared invariants in off-shell \\mathscr{N} = (1, 0) supergravity in six dimensions. Based on the talk presented by GT-M at ISQS25 (Prague, Czech Republic, 6 { 10 June, 2017).

Flatspace chiral supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bagchi, Arjun; Basu, Rudranil; Detournary, Stéphane; Parekh, Pulastya

2018-05-01

We propose a holographic duality between a 2 dimensional (2d) chiral superconformal field theory and a certain theory of supergravity in 3d with flatspace boundary conditions that is obtained as a double scaling limit of a parity breaking theory of supergravity. We show how the asymptotic symmetries of the bulk theory reduce from the "despotic" super Bondi-Metzner-Sachs algebra (or equivalently the inhomogeneous super Galilean conformal algebra) to a single copy of the super-Virasoro algebra in this limit and also reproduce the same reduction from a study of null vectors in the putative 2d dual field theory.

Removal of Inclusions from Molten Aluminum by Supergravity Filtration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Gaoyang; Song, Bo; Yang, Zhanbing; Yang, Yuhou; Zhang, Jing

2016-12-01

A new approach to removing inclusions from aluminum melt by supergravity filtration was investigated. The molten aluminum containing MgAl2O4 spinel and coarse Al3Ti particles was isothermally filtered with different gravity coefficients, different filtering times, and various filtering temperatures under supergravity field. When the gravity coefficient G ≥ 50, the alloy samples were divided automatically into two parts: the upper residue and the lower filtered aluminum. All inclusions (MgAl2O4 and Al3Ti particles) were nearly intercepted in the upper residue by filter felt with average pore size of 44.78 μm. The removal efficiencies of oxide inclusions and Al3Ti particles exceeded 98 and 90 pct, respectively, at G ≥ 50, t = 2 minutes, T = 973 K (700 °C). Besides, the yield of purified aluminum was up to 92.1 pct at G = 600, t = 2 minutes, and T = 973 K (700 °C). The calculations of centrifugal pressure indicated that supergravity filtration could effectively overcome the pressure drop without meeting the rigorous requirement of height of molten metal, especially for using the fine-pore filter medium. Moreover, cake-mode filtration was the major mechanism of supergravity filtration of molten metal in this work.

Instabilities in Englert-type supergravity solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Page, Don N.; Pope, C. N.

1984-09-01

We show that all eleven-dimensional Englert-type supergravity solutions (in which the four-index field has internal components) constructed from internal spaces M7 having two or more Killing spinors, are unstable. Permanent address: Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom.

Supergravity, dark energy, and the fate of the universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kallosh, Renata; Linde, Andrei; Prokushkin, Sergey; Shmakova, Marina

2002-12-01

We propose a description of dark energy and acceleration of the universe in extended supergravities with de Sitter (dS) solutions. Some of them are related to M theory with noncompact internal spaces. Masses of ultralight scalars in these models are quantized in units of the Hubble constant: m2=nH2. If the dS solution corresponds to a minimum of the effective potential, the universe eventually becomes dS space. If the dS solution corresponds to a maximum or a saddle point, which is the case in all known models based on N=8 supergravity, the flat universe eventually stops accelerating and collapses to a singularity. We show that in these models, as well as in the simplest models of dark energy based on N=1 supergravity, the typical time remaining before the global collapse is comparable to the present age of the universe, t=O(1010) yr. We discuss the possibility of distinguishing between various models and finding our destiny using cosmological observations.

Topics in Higher-Derivative Supergravity and N = 2 Yang-Mills Theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hindawi, Ahmed Abdel-Ati

1997-09-01

In Part I of the thesis we discuss higher-derivative theories of gravity. We start by discussing the field content of quadratic higher-derivative gravity, together with a new example of a massless spin-two field consistently coupled to gravity. The full quadratic gravity theory is shown to be equivalent to a canonical second-order theory of a massive scalar field, a massive spin-two symmetric tensor field and gravity. It is shown that flat-space is the only stable vacuum, and that the spin-two field around it is always ghost-like. We give a procedure for exhibiting the new propagating degrees of freedom in a generic higher-derivative gravity, at the full non-linear level. We show that around any vacuum the elementary excitations remain the massless graviton, a massive scalar field and a massive ghost-like spin-two field. In Part II of the thesis we extend our investigations to the realm of supergravity. We consider the general form of quadratic (1, 1) supergravity in two dimensions. It is demonstrated that the theory possesses stable vacua with vanishing cosmological constant which spontaneously break supersymmetry. We then consider higher-derivative N=1 supergravity in four dimensions. We construct two classes of higher-derivative supergravity theories. They are found to be equivalent to Einstein supergravity coupled to one or two chiral superfields and have a rich vacuum structure. It is demonstrated that theories of the second class can possess a stable vacuum with vanishing cosmological constant that spontaneously breaks supersymmetry. We then proceed to show how spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in the vacuum state of higher-derivative supergravity is transmitted, as explicit soft supersymmetry-breaking terms, to the effective Lagrangian of the standard electroweak model. In Part III we use central charge superspace to give a geometrical construction of the N=2 Abelian vector-tensor multiplet consisting, under N=1 supersymmetry, of one vector and one linear multiplet. We derive the component field supersymmetry and central charge transformations, and show that there is a super-Lagrangian, the higher components of which are all total derivatives, allowing us to construct superfield and component actions.

"Bitch, You Got What You Deserved!": Violation and Violence in Sex Buyer Reviews of Legal Brothels.

PubMed

Jovanovski, Natalie; Tyler, Meagan

2018-03-01

In this article, we use feminist critical discourse analysis to examine online brothel reviews (148 reviews and 2,424 reply posts) of sex buyers in the context of debates surrounding harm minimization. Our findings show that sex buyers actively construct and normalize narratives of sexual violation and violence against women in licensed brothels through their language, referencing objectification, unsafe sex practices, and, in more extreme cases, rape to create a sense of community with other punters. Through this analysis, we challenge existing assumptions about harm minimization in systems of prostitution, which are legalized or fully decriminalized.

Melting lizards and crying mailboxes: Children's preferential recall of minimally counterintuitive concepts

PubMed Central

Banerjee, Konika; Haque, Omar S.; Spelke, Elizabeth S.

2013-01-01

Previous research with adults suggests that a catalog of minimally counterintuitive concepts, which underlies supernatural or religious concepts, may constitute a cognitive optimum, and is therefore cognitively encoded and culturally transmitted more successfully than either entirely intuitive concepts or maximally counterintuitive concepts. The current study examines whether children's concept recall similarly is sensitive to the degree of conceptual counterintuitiveness (operationalized as a concept's number of ontological domain violations) for items presented in the context of a fictional narrative. Seven-to-nine-year old children who listened to a story including both intuitive and counterintuitive concepts recalled the counterintuitive concepts containing one (Experiment 1) or two (Experiment 2) but not three (Experiment 3) violations of intuitive ontological expectations significantly more and in greater detail than the intuitive concepts, both immediately after hearing the story and one week later. We conclude that one or two violations of expectation may be a cognitive optimum for children: they are more inferentially rich and therefore more memorable, whereas three or more violations diminish memorability for target concepts. These results suggest that the cognitive bias for minimally counterintuitive ideas is present and active early in human development, near the start of formal religious instruction. This finding supports a growing literature suggesting that diverse, early- emerging, evolved psychological biases predispose humans to hold and perform religious beliefs and practices whose primary form and content is not derived from arbitrary custom or the social environment alone. PMID:23631765

Romans supergravity from five-dimensional holograms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Chi-Ming; Fluder, Martin; Lin, Ying-Hsuan; Wang, Yifan

2018-05-01

We study five-dimensional superconformal field theories and their holographic dual, matter-coupled Romans supergravity. On the one hand, some recently derived formulae allow us to extract the central charges from deformations of the supersymmetric five-sphere partition function, whose large N expansion can be computed using matrix model techniques. On the other hand, the conformal and flavor central charges can be extracted from the six-dimensional supergravity action, by carefully analyzing its embedding into type I' string theory. The results match on the two sides of the holographic duality. Our results also provide analytic evidence for the symmetry enhancement in five-dimensional superconformal field theories.

Reducing democratic type II supergravity on SU(3) × SU(3) structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cassani, Davide

2008-06-01

Type II supergravity on backgrounds admitting SU(3) × SU(3) structure and general fluxes is considered. Using the generalized geometry formalism, we study dimensional reductions leading to N = 2 gauged supergravity in four dimensions, possibly with tensor multiplets. In particular, a geometric formula for the full N = 2 scalar potential is given. Then we implement a truncation ansatz, and derive the complete N = 2 bosonic action. While the NSNS contribution is obtained via a direct dimensional reduction, the contribution of the RR sector is computed starting from the democratic formulation and demanding consistency with the reduced equations of motion.

Equivalent D = 3 supergravity amplitudes from double copies of three-algebra and two-algebra gauge theories.

PubMed

Huang, Yu-tin; Johansson, Henrik

2013-04-26

We show that three-dimensional supergravity amplitudes can be obtained as double copies of either three-algebra super-Chern-Simons matter theory or two-algebra super-Yang-Mills theory when either theory is organized to display the color-kinematics duality. We prove that only helicity-conserving four-dimensional gravity amplitudes have nonvanishing descendants when reduced to three dimensions, implying the vanishing of odd-multiplicity S-matrix elements, in agreement with Chern-Simons matter theory. We explicitly verify the double-copy correspondence at four and six points for N = 12,10,8 supergravity theories and discuss its validity for all multiplicity.

MINIMAL HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IS ASSOCIATED WITH MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES: THE REALITY BEYOND THE DRIVING TEST

PubMed Central

Bajaj, Jasmohan S; Saeian, Kia; Schubert, Christine M; Hafeezullah, Muhammad; Franco, Jose; Varma, Rajiv R; Gibson, Douglas P; Hoffmann, Raymond G; Stravitz, R Todd; Heuman, Douglas M; Sterling, Richard K; Shiffman, Mitchell; Topaz, Allyne; Boyett, Sherry; Bell, Debulon; Sanyal, Arun J

2009-01-01

Patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) have impaired driving skills, but association of MHE with motor vehicle crashes is unclear. Standard psychometric tests (SPT) or inhibitory control test (ICT) can be used to diagnose MHE. The aim was to determine the association of MHE with crashes and traffic violations over the preceding year and on 1-year follow-up. Cirrhotics were diagnosed with MHE by ICT (MHEICT) and SPT (MHESPT). Self and department-of-transportation (DOT)-reports were used to determine crashes and violations over the preceding year. Agreement between self and DOT-reports was analyzed. Patients then underwent 1 year follow-up for crash/violation occurrence. Crashes in those with/without MHEICT and MHESPT were compared. 167 cirrhotics had DOT-reports, of which 120 also had self-reports. A significantly higher proportion of MHEICT cirrhotics experienced crashes in the preceding year compared to those without MHE by self-report (17% vs. 0%, p=0.0004) and DOT-reports (17% vs. 3%, p=0.004, relative risk:5.77). SPT did not differentiate between those with/without crashes. A significantly higher proportion of patients with crashes had MHEICT compared to MHESPT, both self-reported (100% vs. 50%, p=0.03) and DOT-reported (89% vs. 44%, p=0.01). There was excellent agreement between self and DOT-reports for crashes and violations (Kappa 0.90 and 0.80). 109 patients were followed prospectively. MHEICT patients had a significantly higher future crashes/violations compared to those without (22% vs. 7%, p=0.03) but MHESPT did not. MHEICT (Odds ratio:4.51) and prior year crash/violation (Odds ratio:2.96) were significantly associated with future crash/violation occurrence. PMID:19670416

Rapid Separation of Copper Phase and Iron-Rich Phase From Copper Slag at Low Temperature in a Super-Gravity Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lan, Xi; Gao, Jintao; Huang, Zili; Guo, Zhancheng

2018-03-01

A novel approach for quickly separating a metal copper phase and iron-rich phase from copper slag at low temperature is proposed based on a super-gravity method. The morphology and mineral evolution of the copper slag with increasing temperature were studied using in situ high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy and ex situ scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. Fe3O4 particles dispersed among the copper slag were transformed into FeO by adding an appropriate amount of carbon as a reducing agent, forming the slag melt with SiO2 at low temperature and assisting separation of the copper phase from the slag. Consequently, in a super-gravity field, the metallic copper and copper matte were concentrated as the copper phase along the super-gravity direction, whereas the iron-rich slag migrated in the opposite direction and was quickly separated from the copper phase. Increasing the gravity coefficient (G) significantly enhanced the separation efficiency. After super-gravity separation at G = 1000 and 1473 K (1200 °C) for 3 minutes, the mass fraction of Cu in the separated copper phase reached 86.11 wt pct, while that in the separated iron-rich phase was reduced to 0.105 wt pct. The recovery ratio of Cu in the copper phase was as high as up to 97.47 pct.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Tingting; Northeast Petroleum University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004; Shao, Guangjie, E-mail: shaoguangjie@ysu.edu.cn

A method of pulse electrodeposition under supergravity field was proposed to synthesize MnO{sub 2}-graphene composites. Supergravity is very efficient for promoting mass transfer and decreasing concentration polarization during the electrodeposition process. The synthesis was conducted on our homemade supergravity equipment. The strength of supergravity field depended on the rotating speed of the ring electrode. 3D flower like MnO{sub 2} spheres composed of nanoflakes were acquired when the rotating speed was 3000 rpm. Graphene nanosheets play as a role of conductive substrates for MnO{sub 2} growing. The composites are evaluated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Electrochemical results show that the maximummore » specific capacitance of the MnO{sub 2}-graphene composite is 595.7 F g{sup −1} at a current density of 0.5 A g{sup −1}. In addition, the composite exhibits excellent cycle stability with no capacitance attenuation after 1000 cycles. The approach provides new ideas for developing supercapacitor electrode materials with high performance. - Graphical abstract: 3D flower like MnO{sub 2} spheres composed of nanoflakes were acquired at 3000 rpm. - Highlights: • MnO{sub 2}-graphene composites were prepared by pulse electrodeposition under supergravity. • 3D flower like MnO{sub 2} spheres are anchored on the graphene nanosheets. • The MnO{sub 2}-graphene electrode exhibits a specific capacitance of 595.7 F g{sup −1}.« less

Integral group actions on symmetric spaces and discrete duality symmetries of supergravity theories

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carbone, Lisa; Murray, Scott H.; Sati, Hisham

For G = G(ℝ), a split, simply connected, semisimple Lie group of rank n and K the maximal compact subgroup of G, we give a method for computing Iwasawa coordinates of K∖G using the Chevalley generators and the Steinberg presentation. When K∖G is a scalar coset for a supergravity theory in dimensions ≥3, we determine the action of the integral form G(ℤ) on K∖G. We give explicit results for the action of the discrete U-duality groups SL{sub 2}(ℤ) and E{sub 7}(ℤ) on the scalar cosets SO(2)∖SL{sub 2}(ℝ) and [SU(8)/( ± Id)]∖E{sub 7(+7)}(ℝ) for type IIB supergravity in ten dimensions andmore » 11-dimensional supergravity reduced to D = 4 dimensions, respectively. For the former, we use this to determine the discrete U-duality transformations on the scalar sector in the Borel gauge and we describe the discrete symmetries of the dyonic charge lattice. We determine the spectrum-generating symmetry group for fundamental BPS solitons of type IIB supergravity in D = 10 dimensions at the classical level and we propose an analog of this symmetry at the quantum level. We indicate how our methods can be used to study the orbits of discrete U-duality groups in general.« less

Sound Speed of Primordial Fluctuations in Supergravity Inflation.

PubMed

Hetz, Alexander; Palma, Gonzalo A

2016-09-02

We study the realization of slow-roll inflation in N=1 supergravities where inflation is the result of the evolution of a single chiral field. When there is only one flat direction in field space, it is possible to derive a single-field effective field theory parametrized by the sound speed c_{s} at which curvature perturbations propagate during inflation. The value of c_{s} is determined by the rate of bend of the inflationary path resulting from the shape of the F-term potential. We show that c_{s} must respect an inequality that involves the curvature tensor of the Kähler manifold underlying supergravity, and the ratio M/H between the mass M of fluctuations ortogonal to the inflationary path, and the Hubble expansion rate H. This inequality provides a powerful link between observational constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity and information about the N=1 supergravity responsible for inflation. In particular, the inequality does not allow for suppressed values of c_{s} (values smaller than c_{s}∼0.4) unless (a) the ratio M/H is of order 1 or smaller, and (b) the fluctuations of mass M affect the propagation of curvature perturbations by inducing on them a nonlinear dispersion relation during horizon crossing. Therefore, if large non-Gaussianity is observed, supergravity models of inflation would be severely constrained.

Rapid Separation of Copper Phase and Iron-Rich Phase From Copper Slag at Low Temperature in a Super-Gravity Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lan, Xi; Gao, Jintao; Huang, Zili; Guo, Zhancheng

2018-06-01

A novel approach for quickly separating a metal copper phase and iron-rich phase from copper slag at low temperature is proposed based on a super-gravity method. The morphology and mineral evolution of the copper slag with increasing temperature were studied using in situ high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy and ex situ scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. Fe3O4 particles dispersed among the copper slag were transformed into FeO by adding an appropriate amount of carbon as a reducing agent, forming the slag melt with SiO2 at low temperature and assisting separation of the copper phase from the slag. Consequently, in a super-gravity field, the metallic copper and copper matte were concentrated as the copper phase along the super-gravity direction, whereas the iron-rich slag migrated in the opposite direction and was quickly separated from the copper phase. Increasing the gravity coefficient (G) significantly enhanced the separation efficiency. After super-gravity separation at G = 1000 and 1473 K (1200 °C) for 3 minutes, the mass fraction of Cu in the separated copper phase reached 86.11 wt pct, while that in the separated iron-rich phase was reduced to 0.105 wt pct. The recovery ratio of Cu in the copper phase was as high as up to 97.47 pct.

Minimal modification of tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing and leptonic CP violation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kang, Sin Kyu

2017-12-01

We confront possible forms of the minimal modification of the tri-bimaximal (TBM) neutrino mixing matrix proposed by Kang and Kim (Phys. Rev. D 90, 077301 (2014)) with the latest global fit to neutrino data. One form among them is singled out by the current experimental results at 1σ confidence level (C.L.) The minimal modification of the TBM mixing matrix makes possible the prediction of Dirac-type CP phase in the Pontecorbo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata neutrino mixing matrix in terms of two neutrino mixing angles. By carrying out a numerical analysis based on the latest experimental results for neutrino mixing angles, we are able to present new results on the prediction of the Dirac-type CP phase. We also compare our results on CP violation with those from the current global fit at 1 σ C.L.

Constraining higher derivative supergravity with scattering amplitudes

DOE PAGES

Wang, Yifan; Yin, Xi

2015-08-31

We study supersymmetry constraints on higher derivative deformations of type IIB supergravity by consideration of superamplitudes. Thus, combining constraints of on-shell supervertices and basic results from string perturbation theory, we give a simple argument for the non-renormalization theorem of Green and Sethi, and some of its generalizations.

Integrable scalar cosmologies. II. Can they fit into Gauged Extended Supergravity or be encoded in N=1 superpotentials?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fré, P.; Sorin, A. S.; Trigiante, M.

2014-04-01

The question whether the integrable one-field cosmologies classified in a previous paper by Fré, Sagnotti and Sorin can be embedded as consistent one-field truncations into Extended Gauged Supergravity or in N=1 supergravity gauged by a superpotential without the use of D-terms is addressed in this paper. The answer is that such an embedding is very difficult and rare but not impossible. Indeed, we were able to find two examples of integrable models embedded in supergravity in this way. Both examples are fitted into N=1 supergravity by means of a very specific and interesting choice of the superpotential W(z). The question whether there are examples of such an embedding in Extended Gauged Supergravity remains open. In the present paper, relying on the embedding tensor formalism we classified all gaugings of the N=2 STU model, confirming, in the absence on hypermultiplets, the uniqueness of the stable de Sitter vacuum found several years ago by Fré, Trigiante and Van Proeyen and excluding the embedding of any integrable cosmological model. A detailed analysis of the space of exact solutions of the first supergravity-embedded integrable cosmological model revealed several new features worth an in-depth consideration. When the scalar potential has an extremum at a negative value, the Universe necessarily collapses into a Big Crunch notwithstanding its spatial flatness. The causal structure of these Universes is quite different from that of the closed, positive curved, Universe: indeed, in this case the particle and event horizons do not coincide and develop complicated patterns. The cosmological consequences of this unexpected mechanism deserve careful consideration. The Cartan fieldshi associated with the Cartan generators of the Lie algebra G, whose number equals the rank r of G/H. For instance, in models associated with toroidal or orbifold compactifications, fields of this type are generically interpreted as radii of the underlying multi-tori. The axion fieldsbI associated with the roots of the Lie algebra G. The kinetic terms of Cartan scalars have the canonical form ∑ir α/i22 ∂μhi∂μ hi, up to constant coefficients, while for the axion scalars entering solvable coset representatives, the αi2 factors leave way to exponential functions exp[βihi] of Cartan fields. The scalar potentials of Gauged Supergravity are polynomial functions of the coset representatives, so that after the truncation to Cartan sectors, setting the axions to constant values, one is led naturally to combinations of exponentials of the type encountered in [1]. Yet the devil lies in the details, since the integrable potentials do result from exponential functions exp[βh], but with rigidly fixed ratios between the βi entering the exponents and the αi entering the kinetic terms. The candidate potentials are displayed in Tables 1 and 2 following the notations and the nomenclature of [1]. As a result, the possible role of integrable potentials in Gauged Supergravity theories is not evident a priori, and actually, the required ratios are quite difficult to be obtained. Notwithstanding these difficulties we were able to identify a pair of examples, showing that although rare, supergravity integrable cosmological models based on G/H scalar manifolds

Rates of Upper Facet Joint Violation in Minimally Invasive Percutaneous and Open Instrumentation: A Comparative Cohort Study of Different Insertion Techniques.

PubMed

Archavlis, Eleftherios; Amr, Nimer; Kantelhardt, Sven Rainer; Giese, Alf

2018-01-01

 Minimally invasive pedicle screw placement may have a higher incidence of violation of the superior cephalad unfused facet joint.  We investigated the incidence and risk factors of upper facet joint violation in percutaneous robot-assisted instrumentation versus percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided and open transpedicular instrumentation.  A retrospective study including all consecutive patients who underwent lumbar instrumentation, fusion, and decompression for spondylolisthetic stenosis and degenerative disk disease was conducted between January 2012 and January 2016. All operations were performed by the same surgeon; the patients were divided into three groups according to the method of instrumentation. Group 1 involved the robot-assisted instrumentation in 58 patients, group 2 consisted of 64 patients treated with a percutaneous transpedicular instrumentation using fluoroscopic guidance, and 72 patients in group 3 received an open midline approach for pedicle screw insertion.  Superior segment facet joint violation occurred in 2 patients in the robot-assisted group 1 (7%), in 22 of the percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided group 2 (34%), and in 6 cases of the open group (8%). The incidence of facet joint violation was present in 5% (3) of the screws in group 1, 22% (28) of the screws in group 2, and 3% (4) of the screws in group 3.  Meticulous surgical planning of the appropriate entry site (Weinstein's method), trajectory planning, and proper robot-assisted instrumentation of pedicle screws reduced the risk of superior segment facet joint violation. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Introductory lectures on Chern-Simons theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zanelli, Jorge

2012-02-01

The Chern-Simons (CS) form evolved from an obstruction in mathematics into an important object in theoretical physics. In fact, the presence of CS terms in physics is more common than one may think. They are found in the studies of anomalies in quantum field theories and as Lagrangians for gauge fields, including gravity and supergravity. They seem to play an important role in high Tc superconductivity and in recently discovered topological insulators. CS forms are also the natural generalization of the minimal coupling between the electromagnetic field and a point charge when the source is not point-like but an extended fundamental object, a membrane. A cursory review of these ideas is presented at an introductory level.

Calculational Schemes in GUTs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kounnas, Costas

The following sections are included: * Introduction * Mass Spectrum in a Spontaneously Broken-Theory SU(5) - Minimal Model * Renormalization and Renormalization Group Equation (R.G.E.) * Step Approximation and Decoupling Theorem * Notion of the Effective Coupling Constant * First Estimation of MX, α(MX) and sin2θ(MW) * Renormalization Properties and Photon-Z Mixing * β-Function Definitions * Threshold Functions and Decoupling Theorem * MX-Determination * Proton Lifetime * sin2θ(μ)-Determination * Quark-Lepton Mass Relations (mb/mτ) * Overview of the Conventional GUTs - Hierarchy Problem * Stability of Hierarchy - Supersymmetric GUTS * Cosmologically Acceptable SUSY GUT Models * Radiative Breaking of SU(2) × U(1) — MW/MX Hierarchy Generation * No Scale Supergravity Models^{56,57} Dynamical Determination of M_{B}-M_{F} * Conclusion * References

Sizable electron/neutron electric dipole moment in D 3 /D 7 μ -split supersymmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dhuria, Mansi; Misra, Aalok

2014-10-01

Within the framework of N =1 gauged supergravity, using a phenomenological model that can be obtained locally as a Swiss-cheese Calabi-Yau string-theoretic compactification with a mobile D 3 -brane localized on a nearly special Lagrangian three cycle in the Calabi-Yau and fluxed stacks of wrapped D 7 -branes, and which provides a natural realization of μ -split supersymmetry (SUSY), we show that in addition to getting a significant value of an [electron/neutron (e/n)] electron dipole moment (EDM) at two-loop level, one can obtain a sizable contribution of (e/n) EDM even at one-loop level due to the presence of heavy supersymmetric fermions nearly isospectral with heavy sfermions. Unlike traditional split SUSY models in which the one-loop diagrams do not give significant contribution to the EDM of the electron/neutron because of very heavy sfermions existing as propagators in the loop, we show that one obtains a "healthy" value of the EDM in our model because of the presence of a heavy Higgsino, neutralino/chargino, and gaugino as fermionic propagators in the loops. The independent C P -violating phases are generated from nontrivial distinct phase factors associated with four Wilson line moduli [identified with first-generation leptons and quarks and their S U (2 )L -singlet cousins] as well as the D 3 -brane position moduli (identified with two Higgses), and the same are sufficient to produce overall distinct phase factors corresponding to all possible effective Yukawas as well as effective gauge couplings that we discuss in the context of N =1 gauged supergravity action. However, the complex phases responsible to generate a nonzero EDM at one-loop level mainly appear from an off-diagonal contribution of sfermion as well as Higgs mass matrices at the electroweak scale (EW). In our analysis, we obtain a dominant contribution of the electron/neutron EDM around de/e ≡O (1 0-29) cm from two-loop diagrams involving heavy sfermions and a light Higgs, and de/e ≡O (1 0-32) cm from a one-loop diagram involving a heavy chargino and a light Higgs as propagators in the loop. The neutron EDM gets a dominant contribution of the order dn/e ≡O (1 0-33) cm from the one-loop diagram involving SM-like quarks and Higgs. To justify the possibility of obtaining a large EDM value in the case of a Barr-Zee diagram which involves W± and the Higgs (responsible to generate the nontrivial C P -violating phase) in the two-loop diagrams as discussed by Leigh et al. [Nucl. Phys. B267, 509 (1986)], we provide an analysis of the same in the context of our D 3 /D 7 μ -split SUSY model at the EW scale. By conjecturing that the C P -violating phase can appear from the diagonalization of the Higgs mass matrix obtained in the context of μ -split SUSY, we also get an EDM of the electron/neutron around O (1 0-27) e cm in the case of the two-loop diagram involving W± bosons.

Supersymmetric solutions of N =(1 ,1 ) general massive supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deger, N. S.; Nazari, Z.; Sarıoǧlu, Ö.

2018-05-01

We construct supersymmetric solutions of three-dimensional N =(1 ,1 ) general massive supergravity (GMG). Solutions with a null Killing vector are, in general, pp-waves. We identify those that appear at critical points of the model, some of which do not exist in N =(1 ,1 ) new massive supergravity (NMG). In the timelike case, we find that many solutions are common with NMG, but there is a new class that is genuine to GMG, two members of which are stationary Lifshitz and timelike squashed AdS spacetimes. We also show that in addition to the fully supersymmetric AdS vacuum, there is a second AdS background with a nonzero vector field that preserves 1 /4 supersymmetry.

Mass-deformed ABJM and black holes in AdS4

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bobev, Nikolay; Min, Vincent S.; Pilch, Krzysztof

2018-03-01

We find a class of new supersymmetric dyonic black holes in four-dimensional maximal gauged supergravity which are asymptotic to the SU(3) × U(1) invariant AdS4 Warner vacuum. These black holes can be embedded in eleven-dimensional supergravity where they describe the backreaction of M2-branes wrapped on a Riemann surface. The holographic dual description of these supergravity backgrounds is given by a partial topological twist on a Riemann surface of a three-dimensional N=2 SCFT that is obtained by a mass-deformation of the ABJM theory. We compute explicitly the topologically twisted index of this SCFT and show that it accounts for the entropy of the black holes.

Stability analysis of compactifications of D = 11 supergravity with SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Page, Don N.; Pope, C. N.

1984-09-01

We show that the Mpqr Freund-Rubin compactification of eleven-dimensional supergravity is classically stable if and only if 7/2761/2 < -p/q- < 17/117(66)1/2. Permanent address: Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom.

Spontaneously broken Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravities as double copies

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chiodaroli, Marco; Günaydin, Murat; Johansson, Henrik

Color/kinematics duality and the double-copy construction have proved to be systematic tools for gaining new insight into gravitational theories. Extending our earlier work, in this article we introduce new double-copy constructions for large classes of spontaneously-broken Yang-Mills-Einstein theories with adjoint Higgs elds. One gaugetheory copy entering the construction is a spontaneously-broken (super-)Yang-Mills theory, while the other copy is a bosonic Yang-Mills-scalar theory with trilinear scalar interactions that display an explicitly-broken global symmetry. We show that the kinematic numerators of these gauge theories can be made to obey color/kinematics duality by exhibiting particular additional Lie-algebraic relations. We discuss in detail explicitmore » examples with N = 2 supersymmetry, focusing on Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity theories belonging to the generic Jordan family in four and five dimensions, and identify the map between the supergravity and double-copy elds and parameters. We also briefly discuss the application of our results to N = 4 supergravity theories. The constructions are illustrated by explicit examples of tree-level and one-loop scattering amplitudes.« less

Spontaneously broken Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravities as double copies

DOE PAGES

Chiodaroli, Marco; Günaydin, Murat; Johansson, Henrik; ...

2017-06-13

Color/kinematics duality and the double-copy construction have proved to be systematic tools for gaining new insight into gravitational theories. Extending our earlier work, in this article we introduce new double-copy constructions for large classes of spontaneously-broken Yang-Mills-Einstein theories with adjoint Higgs elds. One gaugetheory copy entering the construction is a spontaneously-broken (super-)Yang-Mills theory, while the other copy is a bosonic Yang-Mills-scalar theory with trilinear scalar interactions that display an explicitly-broken global symmetry. We show that the kinematic numerators of these gauge theories can be made to obey color/kinematics duality by exhibiting particular additional Lie-algebraic relations. We discuss in detail explicitmore » examples with N = 2 supersymmetry, focusing on Yang-Mills-Einstein supergravity theories belonging to the generic Jordan family in four and five dimensions, and identify the map between the supergravity and double-copy elds and parameters. We also briefly discuss the application of our results to N = 4 supergravity theories. The constructions are illustrated by explicit examples of tree-level and one-loop scattering amplitudes.« less

An /N=2 gauge theory and its supergravity dual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brandhuber, A.; Sfetsos, K.

2000-09-01

We study flows on the scalar manifold of /N=8 gauged supergravity in five dimensions which are dual to certain mass deformations of /N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. In particular, we consider a perturbation of the gauge theory by a mass term for the adjoint hyper-multiplet, giving rise to an /N=2 theory. The exact solution of the 5-dim gauged supergravity equations of motion is found and the metric is uplifted to a ten-dimensional background of type-IIB supergravity. Using these geometric data and the AdS/CFT correspondence we analyze the spectra of certain operators as well as Wilson loops on the dual gauge theory side. The physical flows are parametrized by a single non-positive constant and describe part of the Coulomb branch of the /N=2 theory at strong coupling. We also propose a general criterion to distinguish between `physical' and `unphysical' curvature singularities. Applying it in many backgrounds arising within the AdS/CFT correspondence we find results that are in complete agreement with field theory expectations.

Final Project Report for DOE Grant NO.: DE-SC0010534 Period: Sept 2013-March 31, 2016

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gunaydin, Murat

2016-08-01

Higher spin theories has been an active area of research in recent years. One of the main research activities of the PI Murat Gunaydin over the period of this grant has been the application of quasiconformal methods to construct and study higher spin (HS) algebras and superalgebras in various dimensions. Over the past decade work on amplitudes in gauge theories, supergravity and string theories has been a very active area of research. Enormous progress has been made in the understanding of the structure of amplitudes in these theories. The novel methods and results obtained have made it possible to domore » calculations in gauge theories and supergravity theories that go well beyond the calculations one can do using the old-fashioned Feynman diagram techniques. Work on amplitudes in matter-coupled supergravity theories has been the second main focus of the PI during the funding period. The previous work of the PI on supergravity theories has played a fundamentally important role in the current work on amplitudes.« less

Trivial solutions of generalized supergravity vs non-abelian T-duality anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wulff, Linus

2018-06-01

The equations that follow from kappa symmetry of the type II Green-Schwarz string are a certain deformation, by a Killing vector field K, of the type II supergravity equations. We analyze under what conditions solutions of these 'generalized' supergravity equations are trivial in the sense that they solve also the standard supergravity equations. We argue that for this to happen K must be null and satisfy dK =iK H with H = dB the NSNS three-form field strength. Non-trivial examples are provided by symmetric pp-wave solutions. We then analyze the consequences for non-abelian T-duality and the closely related homogenous Yang-Baxter sigma models. When one performs non-abelian T-duality of a string sigma model on a non-unimodular (sub)algebra one generates a non-vanishing K proportional to the trace of the structure constants. This is expected to lead to an anomaly but we show that when K satisfies the same conditions the anomaly in fact goes away leading to more possibilities for non-anomalous non-abelian T-duality.

Removal of phosphorus-rich phase from high-phosphorous iron ore by melt separation at 1573 K in a super-gravity field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gao, Jin-tao; Guo, Lei; Zhong, Yi-wei; Ren, Hong-ru; Guo, Zhan-cheng

2016-07-01

A new approach of removing the phosphorus-rich phase from high-phosphorous iron ore by melt separation at 1573 K in a super- gravity field was investigated. The iron-slag separation by super-gravity resulted in phosphorus being effectively removed from the iron-rich phase and concentrated as a phosphorus-rich phase at a temperature below the melting point of iron. The samples obtained by super-gravity exhibited obvious layered structures. All the iron grains concentrated at the bottom of the sample along the super-gravity direction, whereas the molten slag concentrated in the upper part of the sample along the opposite direction. Meanwhile, fine apatite crystals collided and grew into larger crystals and concentrated at the slag-iron interface. Consequently, in the case of centrifugation with a gravity coefficient of G = 900, the mass fractions of the slag phase and iron-rich phase were similar to their respective theoretical values. The mass fraction of MFe in the iron-rich phase was as high as 97.77wt% and that of P was decreased to 0.092wt%.

Lorentz Symmetry Violations from Matter-Gravity Couplings with Lunar Laser Ranging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bourgoin, A.; Le Poncin-Lafitte, C.; Hees, A.; Bouquillon, S.; Francou, G.; Angonin, M.-C.

2017-11-01

The standard-model extension (SME) is an effective field theory framework aiming at parametrizing any violation to the Lorentz symmetry (LS) in all sectors of physics. In this Letter, we report the first direct experimental measurement of SME coefficients performed simultaneously within two sectors of the SME framework using lunar laser ranging observations. We consider the pure gravitational sector and the classical point-mass limit in the matter sector of the minimal SME. We report no deviation from general relativity and put new realistic stringent constraints on LS violations improving up to 3 orders of magnitude previous estimations.

Heterotic supergravity with internal almost-Kähler spaces; instantons for SO(32), or E 8 × E 8, gauge groups; and deformed black holes with soliton, quasiperiodic and/or pattern-forming structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bubuianu, Laurenţiu; Irwin, Klee; Vacaru, Sergiu I.

2017-04-01

Heterotic supergravity with (1  +  3)-dimensional domain wall configurations and (warped) internal, six dimensional, almost-Kähler manifolds {{}6}\\text{X} are studied. Considering ten dimensional spacetimes with nonholonomic distributions and conventional double fibrations, 2  +  2  +  ...  =  2  +  2  +  3  +  3, and associated SU(3) structures on internal space, we generalize for real, internal, almost symplectic gravitational structures the constructions with gravitational and gauge instantons of tanh-kink type [1, 2]. They include the first {α\\prime} corrections to the heterotic supergravity action, parameterized in a form to imply nonholonomic deformations of the Yang-Mills sector and corresponding Bianchi identities. We show how it is possible to construct a variety of solutions depending on the type of nonholonomic distributions and deformations of ‘prime’ instanton configurations characterized by two real supercharges. This corresponds to N=1/2 supersymmetric, nonholonomic manifolds from the four dimensional point of view. Our method provides a unified description of embedding nonholonomically deformed tanh-kink-type instantons into half-BPS solutions of heterotic supergravity. This allows us to elaborate new geometric methods of constructing exact solutions of motion equations, with first order {α\\prime} corrections to the heterotic supergravity. Such a formalism is applied for general and/or warped almost-Kähler configurations, which allows us to generate nontrivial (1  +  3)-d domain walls and black hole deformations determined by quasiperiodic internal space structures. This formalism is utilized in our associated publication [3] in order to construct and study generic off-diagonal nonholonomic deformations of the Kerr metric, encoding contributions from heterotic supergravity.

Can R-parity violation hide vanilla supersymmetry at the LHC?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asano, Masaki; Rolbiecki, Krzysztof; Sakurai, Kazuki

2013-01-01

Current experimental constraints on a large parameter space in supersymmetric models rely on the large missing energy signature. This is usually provided by the lightest neutralino which stability is ensured by R-parity. However, if R-parity is violated, the lightest neutralino decays into the standard model particles and the missing energy cut is not efficient anymore. In particular, the U DD type R-parity violation induces the neutralino decay to three quarks which potentially leads to the most difficult signal to be searched at hadron colliders. In this paper, we study the constraints on R-parity violating supersymmetric models using a same-sign dilepton and a multijet signatures. We show that the gluino and squarks lighter than TeV are already excluded in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model with the R-parity violation if their masses are approximately equal. We also analyze constraints in a simplified model with the R-parity violation. We compare how the R-parity violation changes some of the observables typically used to distinguish a supersymmetric signal from standard model backgrounds.

Constraints on B and Higgs physics in minimal low energy supersymmetric models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carena, Marcela; /Fermilab; Menon, A.

2006-03-01

We study the implications of minimal flavor violating low energy supersymmetry scenarios for the search of new physics in the B and Higgs sectors at the Tevatron collider and the LHC. We show that the already stringent Tevatron bound on the decay rate B{sub s} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} sets strong constraints on the possibility of generating large corrections to the mass difference {Delta} M{sub s} of the B{sub s} eigenstates. We also show that the B{sub s} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} bound together with the constraint on the branching ratio of the rare decay b {yields} s{gamma} has strongmore » implications for the search of light, non-standard Higgs bosons at hadron colliders. In doing this, we demonstrate that the former expressions derived for the analysis of the double penguin contributions in the Kaon sector need to be corrected by additional terms for a realistic analysis of these effects. We also study a specific non-minimal flavor violating scenario, where there are flavor changing gluino-squark-quark interactions, governed by the CKM matrix elements, and show that the B and Higgs physics constraints are similar to the ones in the minimal flavor violating case. Finally we show that, in scenarios like electroweak baryogenesis which have light stops and charginos, there may be enhanced effects on the B and K mixing parameters, without any significant effect on the rate of B{sub s} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}.« less

Light stops and observation of supersymmetry at LHC run II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kaufman, Bryan; Nath, Pran; Nelson, Brent D.; Spisak, Andrew B.

2015-11-01

Light stops consistent with the Higgs boson mass of ˜126 GeV are investigated within the framework of minimal supergravity. It is shown that models with light stops which are also consistent with the thermal relic density constraints require stop coannihilation with the neutralino LSP. The analysis shows that the residual set of parameter points with light stops satisfying both the Higgs mass and the relic density constraints lie within a series of thin strips in the m0-m1 /2 plane for different values of A0/m0. Consequently, this region of minimal supergravity parameter space makes a number of very precise predictions. It is found that light stops of mass down to 400 GeV or lower can exist consistent with all constraints. A signal analysis for this class of models at LHC run II is carried out and the dominant signals for their detection identified. Also computed is the minimum integrated luminosity for 5 σ discovery of the models analyzed. If supersymmetry is realized in this manner, the stop masses can be as low as 400 GeV or lower, and the mass gap between the lightest neutralino and lightest stop will be approximately 30-40 GeV. We have optimized the ATLAS signal regions specifically for stop searches in the parameter space and find that a stop with mass ˜375 GeV can be discovered with as little as ˜60 fb-1 of integrated luminosity at run II of the LHC; the integrated luminosity needed for discovery could be further reduced with more efficient signature analyses. The direct detection of dark matter in this class of models is also discussed. It is found that dark matter cross sections lie close to, but above, coherent neutrino scattering and would require multiton detectors such as LZ to see a signal of dark matter for this class of models.

String-inspired supergravity model at one loop

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gaillard, M.K.; Papadopoulos, A.; Pierce, D.M.

1992-03-15

We study a prototype supergravity model from superstrings, with three generations of matter fields in the untwisted sector, nonperturbatively induced supersymmetry breaking and including threshold corrections in conformity with modular invariance. The scale degeneracy of the vacuum is lifted at the one-loop level, allowing a determination of the fundamental parameters of the effective low-energy theory.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ramirez, C.; Rosales, E.

General relativity can be formulated as a SU(2) BF-theory with constraints, as shown by Plebanski. Jacobson has given a SL(2, C) invariant fermionic extension of it, from which supergravity turns out [6]. We present a supersymmetric, Sp(2|1) invariant extension of the theory of Plebanski. Consistency requires that the constraints are properly generalized, resulting as well the action of supergravity.

Complete D =11 embedding of SO(8) supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Varela, Oscar

2018-02-01

The truncation formulas of D =11 supergravity on S7 to D =4 N =8 SO(8)-gauged supergravity are completed to include the full nonlinear dependence of the D =11 three-form potential A^ (3 ) on the D =4 fields, and their consistency is shown. The full embedding into A^ (3 ) is naturally expressed in terms of a restricted version, still N =8 but only SL(8)-covariant, of the D =4 tensor hierarchy. The redundancies introduced by this approach are removed at the level of the field strength F^ (4 ) by exploiting D =4 duality relations. Finally, new expressions for the full consistent truncation formulas are given that are explicit in all D =11 and D =4 fields.

Hairy black holes and duality in an extended supergravity model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anabalón, Andrés; Astefanesei, Dumitru; Gallerati, Antonio; Trigiante, Mario

2018-04-01

We consider a D = 4, N=2 gauged supergravity with an electromagnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos term. We restrict to the uncharged, single dilaton consistent truncation and point out that the bulk Lagrangian is self-dual under electromagnetic duality. Within this truncation, we construct two families of exact hairy black hole solutions, which are asymptotically AdS 4. When a duality transformation is applied on these solutions, they are mapped to two other inequivalent families of hairy black hole solutions. The mixed boundary conditions of the scalar field correspond to adding a triple-trace operator to the dual field theory action. We also show that this truncation contains all the consistent single dilaton truncations of gauged N=8 supergravity with a possible ω-deformation.

AdS6 solutions of type II supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Apruzzi, Fabio; Fazzi, Marco; Passias, Achilleas; Rosa, Dario; Tomasiello, Alessandro

2014-11-01

Very few AdS6 × M 4 supersymmetric solutions are known: one in massive IIA, and two IIB solutions dual to it. The IIA solution is known to be unique; in this paper, we use the pure spinor approach to give a classification for IIB supergravity. We reduce the problem to two PDEs on a two-dimensional space Σ. M 4 is then a fibration of S 2 over Σ; the metric and fluxes are completely determined in terms of the solution to the PDEs. The results seem likely to accommodate near-horizon limits of ( p, q)-fivebrane webs studied in the literature as a source of CFT5's. We also show that there are no AdS6 solutions in eleven-dimensional supergravity.

Charge orbits of extremal black holes in five-dimensional supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cerchiai, Bianca L.; Ferrara, Sergio; Marrani, Alessio; Zumino, Bruno

2010-10-01

We derive the U-duality charge orbits, as well as the related moduli spaces, of “large” and “small” extremal black holes in nonmaximal ungauged Maxwell-Einstein supergravities with symmetric scalar manifolds in d=5 space-time dimensions. The stabilizer groups of the various classes of orbits are obtained by determining and solving suitable U-invariant sets of constraints, both in “bare” and “dressed” charge bases, with various methods. After a general treatment of attractors in real special geometry (also considering nonsymmetric cases), the N=2 “magic” theories, as well as the N=2 Jordan symmetric sequence, are analyzed in detail. Finally, the half-maximal (N=4) matter-coupled supergravity is also studied in this context.

On asymptotic freedom and confinement from type-IIB supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kehagias, A.; Sfetsos, K.

1999-06-01

We present a new type-IIB supergravity vacuum that describes the strong coupling regime of a non-supersymmetric gauge theory. The latter has a running coupling such that the theory becomes asymptotically free in the ultraviolet. It also has a running theta angle due to a non-vanishing axion field in the supergravity solution. We also present a worm-hole solution, which has finite action per unit four-dimensional volume and two asymptotic regions, a flat space and an AdS5xS5. The corresponding N=2 gauge theory, instead of being finite, has a running coupling. We compute the quark-antiquark potential in this case and find that it exhibits, under certain assumptions, an area-law behaviour for large separations.

Cost-performance analysis of nutrient removal in a full-scale oxidation ditch process based on kinetic modeling.

PubMed

Li, Zheng; Qi, Rong; Wang, Bo; Zou, Zhe; Wei, Guohong; Yang, Min

2013-01-01

A full-scale oxidation ditch process for treating sewage was simulated with the ASM2d model and optimized for minimal cost with acceptable performance in terms of ammonium and phosphorus removal. A unified index was introduced by integrating operational costs (aeration energy and sludge production) with effluent violations for performance evaluation. Scenario analysis showed that, in comparison with the baseline (all of the 9 aerators activated), the strategy of activating 5 aerators could save aeration energy significantly with an ammonium violation below 10%. Sludge discharge scenario analysis showed that a sludge discharge flow of 250-300 m3/day (solid retention time (SRT), 13-15 days) was appropriate for the enhancement of phosphorus removal without excessive sludge production. The proposed optimal control strategy was: activating 5 rotating disks operated with a mode of "111100100" ("1" represents activation and "0" represents inactivation) for aeration and sludge discharge flow of 200 m3/day (SRT, 19 days). Compared with the baseline, this strategy could achieve ammonium violation below 10% and TP violation below 30% with substantial reduction of aeration energy cost (46%) and minimal increment of sludge production (< 2%). This study provides a useful approach for the optimization of process operation and control.

Search for anomalous production of multilepton events in pp collisions at sqrt s=1.96 TeV.

PubMed

Abulencia, A; Adelman, J; Affolder, T; Akimoto, T; Albrow, M G; Ambrose, D; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Anikeev, K; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Aoki, M; Apollinari, G; Arguin, J-F; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Azfar, F; Azzi-Bacchetta, P; Azzurri, P; Bacchetta, N; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Baroiant, S; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Bedeschi, F; Behari, S; Belforte, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Belloni, A; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Berry, T; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bolshov, A; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Budroni, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carillo, S; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, I; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Ciljak, M; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Coca, M; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cooper, B; Copic, K; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Crescioli, F; Cuenca Almenar, C; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; Cyr, D; DaRonco, S; Datta, M; D'Auria, S; Davies, T; D'Onofrio, M; Dagenhart, D; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lentdecker, G; Dell'Orso, M; Delli Paoli, F; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; De Pedis, D; Derwent, P F; Di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; DiTuro, P; Dörr, C; Donati, S; Donega, M; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, I; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Foland, A; Forrester, S; Foster, G W; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garcia, J E; Garberson, F; Garfinkel, A F; Gay, C; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Giagu, S; Giannetti, P; Gibson, A; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Giurgiu, G; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Goldstein, J; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Griffiths, M; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Grundler, U; Guimaraes da Costa, J; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Hamilton, A; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Handler, R; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hauser, J; Heijboer, A; Heinemann, B; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Holloway, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ishizawa, Y; Ivanov, A; Iyutin, B; James, E; Jang, D; Jayatilaka, B; Jeans, D; Jensen, H; Jeon, E J; Jindariani, S; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kemp, Y; Kephart, R; Kerzel, U; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Klute, M; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kovalev, A; Kraan, A C; Kraus, J; Kravchenko, I; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhlmann, S E; Kuhr, T; Kusakabe, Y; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lai, S; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; LeCompte, T; Lee, J; Lee, J; Lee, Y J; Lee, S W; Lefèvre, R; Leonardo, N; Leone, S; Levy, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C; Lin, C S; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Loverre, P; Lu, R-S; Lucchesi, D; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; Lytken, E; Mack, P; MacQueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Manca, G; Margaroli, F; Marginean, R; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, M; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Matsunaga, H; Mattson, M E; Mazini, R; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzemer, S; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Messina, A; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miles, J; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyamoto, A; Moed, S; Moggi, N; Mohr, B; Moore, R; Morello, M; Movilla Fernandez, P; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Nachtman, J; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Nielsen, J; Nigmanov, T; Nodulman, L; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Oldeman, R; Orava, R; Osterberg, K; Pagliarone, C; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Piedra, J; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Portell, X; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Ranjan, N; Rappoccio, S; Reisert, B; Rekovic, V; Renton, P; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Saarikko, H; Sabik, S; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Salamanna, G; Saltó, O; Saltzberg, D; Sánchez, C; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savard, P; Savoy-Navarro, A; Scheidle, T; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scott, A L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sfyrla, A; Shapiro, M D; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Sherman, D; Shimojima, M; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sidoti, A; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Sjolin, J; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soderberg, M; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spalding, J; Spinella, F; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; Staveris-Polykalas, A; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Stuart, D; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Sun, H; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Takikawa, K; Tanaka, M; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Tiwari, V; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Tourneur, S; Trischuk, W; Tsuchiya, R; Tsuno, S; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Unverhau, T; Uozumi, S; Usynin, D; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vázquez, F; Velev, G; Veramendi, G; Veszpremi, V; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vollrath, I; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Würthwein, F; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner, J; Wagner, W; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waschke, S; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Wester Iii, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Wynne, S M; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yamashita, T; Yang, C; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zaw, I; Zhang, X; Zhou, J; Zucchelli, S

2007-03-30

We report a search for the anomalous production of events with multiple charged leptons in pp[over] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 346 pb(-1) collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The search is divided into three-lepton and four-or-more-lepton data samples. We observe six events in the three-lepton sample and zero events in the > or =4-lepton sample. Both numbers of events are consistent with standard model background expectations. Within the framework of an R-parity-violating supergravity model, the results are interpreted as mass limits on the lightest neutralino (chi[over](1)(0)) and chargino (chi[over](1+/-) particles. For one particular choice of model parameters, the limits are M(chi[over](1)(0)>110 GeV/c2 and M(chi[over](1+/-)>203 GeV/c2 at 95% confidence level; the variation of these mass limits with model parameters is presented.

Casimir force in a Lorentz violating theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Frank, Mariana; Turan, Ismail

2006-08-01

We study the effects of the minimal extension of the standard model including Lorentz violation on the Casimir force between two parallel conducting plates in the vacuum. We provide explicit solutions for the electromagnetic field using scalar field analogy, for both the cases in which the Lorentz violating terms come from the CPT-even or CPT-odd terms. We also calculate the effects of the Lorentz violating terms for a fermion field between two parallel conducting plates and analyze the modifications of the Casimir force due to the modifications of the Dirac equation. In all cases under consideration, the standard formulas formore » the Casimir force are modified by either multiplicative or additive correction factors, the latter case exhibiting different dependence on the distance between the plates.« less

Extremal Correlators in the Ads/cft Correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Hoker, Eric; Freedman, Daniel Z.; Mathur, Samir D.; Matusis, Alec; Rastelli, Leonardo

The non-renormalization of the 3-point functions

Chaotic inflation from nonlinear sigma models in supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hellerman, Simeon; Kehayias, John; Yanagida, Tsutomu T.

2015-02-11

We present a common solution to the puzzles of the light Higgs or quark masses and the need for a shift symmetry and large field values in high scale chaotic inflation. One way to protect, for example, the Higgs from a large supersymmetric mass term is if it is the Nambu–Goldstone boson (NGB) of a nonlinear sigma model. However, it is well known that nonlinear sigma models (NLSMs) with nontrivial Kähler transformations are problematic to couple to supergravity. An additional field is necessary to make theKähler potential of the NLSM invariant in supergravity. This field must have a shift symmetrymore » — making it a candidate for the inflaton (or axion). We give an explicit example of such a model for the coset space SU(3)/SU(2) × U(1), with the Higgs as the NGB, including breaking the inflaton’s shift symmetry and producing a chaotic inflation potential. This construction can also be applied to other models, such as one based on E₇/SO(10) × U(1) × U(1) which incorporates the first two generations of (light) quarks as the Nambu–Goldstone multiplets, and has an axion in addition to the inflaton. Along the way we clarify and connect previous work on understanding NLSMs in supergravity and the origin of the extra field (which is the inflaton here), including a connection to Witten–Bagger quantization. This framework has wide applications to model building; a light particle from a NLSM requires, in supergravity, exactly the structure for chaotic inflaton or an axion« less

Gauge supergravity in D = 2 + 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castellani, Leonardo

2017-10-01

We present an action for chiral N = (1 , 0) supergravity in 2 + 2 dimensions. The fields of the theory are organized into an OSp(1|4) connection supermatrix, and are given by the usual vierbein V a , spin connection ω ab , and Majorana gravitino ψ. In analogy with a construction used for D = 10 + 2 gauge supergravity, the action is given by ∫STr( R 2 Γ), where R is the OSp(1|4) curvature supermatrix two-form, and Γ a constant supermatrix containing γ 5. It is similar, but not identical to the MacDowell-Mansouri action for D = 2 + 2 supergravity. The constant supermatrix breaks OSp(1|4) gauge invariance to a subalgebra OSp(1|2) ⊕ Sp(2), including a Majorana-Weyl supercharge. Thus half of the OSp(1|4) gauge supersymmetry survives. The gauge fields are the selfdual part of ω ab and the Weyl projection of ψ for OSp(1|2), and the antiselfdual part of ω ab for Sp(2). Supersymmetry transformations, being part of a gauge superalgebra, close off-shell. The selfduality condition on the spin connection can be consistently imposed, and the resulting "projected" action is OSp(1|2) gauge invariant.

Open/closed string duality and relativistic fluids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niarchos, Vasilis

2016-07-01

We propose an open/closed string duality in general backgrounds extending previous ideas about open string completeness by Ashoke Sen. Our proposal sets up a general version of holography that works in gravity as a tomographic principle. We argue, in particular, that previous expectations of a supergravity/Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) correspondence are naturally embedded in this conjecture and can be tested in a well-defined manner. As an example, we consider the correspondence between open string field theories on extremal D-brane setups in flat space in the large-N , large 't Hooft limit, and asymptotically flat solutions in ten-dimensional type II supergravity. We focus on a convenient long-wavelength regime, where specific effects of higher-spin open string modes can be traced explicitly in the dual supergravity computation. For instance, in this regime we show how the full Abelian DBI action arises from supergravity as a straightforward reformulation of relativistic hydrodynamics. In the example of a (2 +1 )-dimensional open string theory this reformulation involves an Abelian Hodge duality. We also point out how different deformations of the DBI action, related to higher-derivative corrections and non-Abelian effects, can arise in this context as deformations in corresponding relativistic hydrodynamics.

Topological charges in SL(2,R) covariant massive 11-dimensional and type IIB supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Callister, Andrew K.; Smith, Douglas J.

2009-12-15

In this paper we construct closed expressions that correspond to the topological charges of the various 1/2-BPS states of the maximal 10- and 11-dimensional supergravity theories. These expressions are related to the structure of the supersymmetry algebras in curved spacetimes. We mainly focus on IIB supergravity and 11-dimensional supergravity in a double M9-brane background, with an emphasis on the SL(2,R) multiplet structure of the charges and how these map between theories. This includes the charges corresponding to the multiplets of 7- and 9-branes in IIB. We find that examining the possible multiplet structures of the charges provides another tool formore » exploring the spectrum of BPS states that appear in these theories. As a prerequisite to constructing the charges we determine the field equations and multiplet structure of the 11-dimensional gauge potentials, extending previous results on the subject. The massive gauge transformations of the fields are also discussed. We also demonstrate how these massive gauge transformations are compatible with the construction of an SL(2,R) covariant kinetic term in the 11-dimensional Kaluza-Klein monopole worldvolume action.« less

On the dualization of scalars into ( d - 2)-forms in supergravity. Momentum maps, R-symmetry and gauged supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bandos, Igor A.; Ortín, Tomás

2016-08-01

We review and investigate different aspects of scalar fields in supergravity theories both when they parametrize symmetric spaces and when they parametrize spaces of special holonomy which are not necessarily symmetric (Kähler and Quaternionic-Kähler spaces): their rôle in the definition of derivatives of the fermions covariant under the R-symmetry group and (in gauged supergravities) under some gauge group, their dualization into ( d - 2)-forms, their role in the supersymmetry transformation rules (via fermion shifts, for instance) etc. We find a general definition of momentum map that applies to any manifold admitting a Killing vector and coincides with those of the holomorphic and tri-holomorphic momentum maps in Kähler and quaternionic-Kähler spaces and with an independent definition that can be given in symmetric spaces. We show how the momen-tum map occurs ubiquitously: in gauge-covariant derivatives of fermions, in fermion shifts, in the supersymmetry transformation rules of ( d - 2)-forms etc. We also give the general structure of the Noether-Gaillard-Zumino conserved currents in theories with fields of different ranks in any dimension.

Violation of lepton flavor and lepton flavor universality in rare kaon decays

DOE PAGES

Crivellin, Andreas; D'Ambrosio, Giancarlo; Hoferichter, Martin; ...

2016-04-29

Here, recent anomalies in the decays of B mesons and the Higgs boson provide hints towards lepton flavor (universality) violating physics beyond the Standard Model. We observe that four-fermion operators which can explain the B-physics anomalies have corresponding analogs in the kaon sector, and we analyze their impact on K→πℓℓ' and K→ℓℓ' decays (ℓ=μ,e). For these processes, we note the corresponding physics opportunities at the NA62 experiment. In particular, assuming minimal flavor violation, we comment on the required improvements in sensitivity necessary to test the B-physics anomalies in the kaon sector.

Deformations of vector-scalar models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barnich, Glenn; Boulanger, Nicolas; Henneaux, Marc; Julia, Bernard; Lekeu, Victor; Ranjbar, Arash

2018-02-01

Abelian vector fields non-minimally coupled to uncharged scalar fields arise in many contexts. We investigate here through algebraic methods their consistent deformations ("gaugings"), i.e., the deformations that preserve the number (but not necessarily the form or the algebra) of the gauge symmetries. Infinitesimal consistent deformations are given by the BRST cohomology classes at ghost number zero. We parametrize explicitly these classes in terms of various types of global symmetries and corresponding Noether currents through the characteristic cohomology related to antifields and equations of motion. The analysis applies to all ghost numbers and not just ghost number zero. We also provide a systematic discussion of the linear and quadratic constraints on these parameters that follow from higher-order consistency. Our work is relevant to the gaugings of extended supergravities.

48 CFR 3.502-2 - Subcontractor kickbacks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... the consequences of detection; procurement procedures to minimize the opportunity for kickbacks; audit... gifts or gratuities received from subcontractors; annual employee declarations that they have violated...

Non-BPS attractors in 5 d and 6 d extended supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrianopoli, L.; Ferrara, S.; Marrani, A.; Trigiante, M.

2008-05-01

We connect the attractor equations of a certain class of N=2, d=5 supergravities with their (1,0), d=6 counterparts, by relating the moduli space of non-BPS d=5 black hole/black string attractors to the moduli space of extremal dyonic black string d=6 non-BPS attractors. For d=5 real special symmetric spaces and for N=4,6,8 theories, we explicitly compute the flat directions of the black object potential corresponding to vanishing eigenvalues of its Hessian matrix. In the case N=4, we study the relation to the (2,0), d=6 theory. We finally describe the embedding of the N=2, d=5 magic models in N=8, d=5 supergravity as well as the interconnection among the corresponding charge orbits.

Radiological analysis of minimal safe distance and optimal screw angle to avoid facet violation in open-door laminoplasty using precontoured plate.

PubMed

Min, Woo-Kie; Seo, Il; Na, Sang-Bong; Choi, Young-Seo; Choi, Ji-Yeon

2017-01-01

This study aimed to present radiologic analysis of minimal safe distance (MSD) and optimal screw angle (OSA) that enables to fix screws in a lateral mass safely without facet joint violation in open-door laminoplasty using a plate. A retrospective analysis was made of 22 patients (male: 17; female: 5), average age 62 years. Seventy-nine lateral mass screws were fixed among a total of 158 screws. MSD that doesn't allow 5-mm screws to violate a facet joint was measured for C3-C7 and a comparative analysis was performed. If the MSD is not secured, the OSA to be given to the cephalad direction is calculated to avoid violation of the facet joint. The screws violating inferior facet joints accounted for 34.1% of the screws fixed in inferior lateral mass. Joint surface to distal mini-screw distances were 3.18 ± 1.46 mm and 4.75 ± 1.71 mm in groups of facet joint violation and non-facet violation (FV), respectively ( p = 0.001). When 5-mm screws were inserted into a lateral mass, MSD was 4.39 ± 0.83 mm. The average MSD of C3, C4, and C5 was 4.05 ± 0.78 mm, 4.10 ± 0.70 mm, and 4.26 ± 0.74 mm, respectively. There was no significant differences among levels ( p > 0.05). The average MSD of C6 and C7 was 4.92 ± 0.81 mm and 4.80 ± 0.96 mm, respectively, showing significant differences from those of C3, C4, and C5 ( p < 0.05). If 6 mm of the MSD isn't secured, OSA showed in the cephalad direction of 11.5° for 5 mm and 22° for 4 mm approximately. We suggest that mini-screw on lateral mass can be fixed safely without FV, if they are fixed at MSD of 6 mm from a joint surface. Facet joint violation doesn't occur if an OSA is given in the cephalad direction in case of not enough MSD for mini-screws.

Killing-Yano Symmetry in Supergravity Theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Houri, Tsuyoshi

Killing-Yano symmetry has played an important role in the study of black hole physics. In supergravity theories, Killing-Yano symmetry is deformed by the presence of the fluxes which can be identified with skew-symmetric torsion. Therefore, we attempt to classify spacetimes admitting Killing-Yano symmetry with torsion. In particular, the classification problem of metrics admitting a principal Killing-Yano tensor with torsion is discussed.

Supersymmetric Janus solutions of dyonic ISO(7)-gauged N = 8 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suh, Minwoo

2018-04-01

We study supersymmetric Janus solutions of dyonic ISO(7)-gauged N = 8 supergravity. We mostly find Janus solutions flowing to 3d N = 8 SYM phase which is the worldvolume theory on D2-branes and non-conformal. There are also solutions flowing from the critical points which are dual to 3d SCFTs from deformations of the D2-brane theory.

Electric dipole moments with and beyond flavor invariants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Smith, Christopher; Touati, Selim

2017-11-01

In this paper, the flavor structure of quark and lepton electric dipole moments in the SM and beyond is investigated using tools inspired from Minimal Flavor Violation. While Jarlskog-like flavor invariants are adequate for estimating CP-violation from closed fermion loops, non-invariant structures arise from rainbow-like processes. Our goal is to systematically construct these latter flavor structures in the quark and lepton sectors, assuming different mechanisms for generating neutrino masses. Numerically, they are found typically much larger, and not necessarily correlated with, Jarlskog-like invariants. Finally, the formalism is adapted to deal with a third class of flavor structures, sensitive to the flavored U (1) phases, and used to study the impact of the strong CP-violating interaction and the interplay between the neutrino Majorana phases and possible baryon and/or lepton number violating interactions.

Communication Strength of Correlations Violating Monogamy Relations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kłobus, Waldemar; Oszmaniec, Michał; Augusiak, Remigiusz; Grudka, Andrzej

2016-05-01

In any theory satisfying the no-signaling principle correlations generated among spatially separated parties in a Bell-type experiment are subject to certain constraints known as monogamy relations. Recently, in the context of the black hole information loss problem it was suggested that these monogamy relations might be violated. This in turn implies that correlations arising in such a scenario must violate the no-signaling principle and hence can be used to send classical information between parties. Here, we study the amount of information that can be sent using such correlations. To this aim, we first provide a framework associating them with classical channels whose capacities are then used to quantify the usefulness of these correlations in sending information. Finally, we determine the minimal amount of information that can be sent using signaling correlations violating the monogamy relation associated to the chained Bell inequalities.

On the formulation of D=11 supergravity and the composite nature of its three-form gauge field

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bandos, Igor A.; Institute for Theoretical Physics, NSC 'Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology', UA61108, Kharkov; Azcarraga, Jose A. de

2005-05-01

The underlying gauge group structure of the D=11 Cremmer-Julia-Scherk supergravity becomes manifest when its three-form field A{sub 3} is expressed through a set of one-form gauge fields, B1a1a2, B1a1...a5, {eta}{sub 1{alpha}}, and E{sup a}, {psi}{sup {alpha}}. These are associated with the generators of the elements of a family of enlarged supersymmetry algebras E-bar (528 vertical bar 32+32)(s) parametrized by a real number s. We study in detail the composite structure of A{sub 3} extending previous results by D'Auria and Fre, stress the equivalence of the above problem to the trivialization of a standard supersymmetry algebra E(11 vertical bar 32) cohomologymore » four-cocycle on the enlarged E-bar (528 vertical bar 32+32)(s) superalgebras, and discuss its possible dynamical consequences. To this aim we consider the properties of the first order supergravity action with a composite A{sub 3} field and find the set of extra gauge symmetries that guarantee that the field theoretical degrees of freedom of the theory remain the same as with a fundamental A{sub 3}. The extra gauge symmetries are also present in the so-called rheonomic treatment of the first order D=11 supergravity action when A{sub 3} is composite. Our considerations on the composite structure of A{sub 3} provide one more application of the idea that there exists an extended superspace coordinates/fields correspondence. They also suggest that there is a possible embedding of D=11 supergravity into a theory defined on the enlarged superspace {sigma}-bar (528 vertical bar 32+32)(s)« less

Loop Integrands for Scattering Amplitudes from the Riemann Sphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geyer, Yvonne; Mason, Lionel; Monteiro, Ricardo; Tourkine, Piotr

2015-09-01

The scattering equations on the Riemann sphere give rise to remarkable formulas for tree-level gauge theory and gravity amplitudes. Adamo, Casali, and Skinner conjectured a one-loop formula for supergravity amplitudes based on scattering equations on a torus. We use a residue theorem to transform this into a formula on the Riemann sphere. What emerges is a framework for loop integrands on the Riemann sphere that promises to have a wide application, based on off-shell scattering equations that depend on the loop momentum. We present new formulas, checked explicitly at low points, for supergravity and super-Yang-Mills amplitudes and for n -gon integrands at one loop. Finally, we show that the off-shell scattering equations naturally extend to arbitrary loop order, and we give a proposal for the all-loop integrands for supergravity and planar super-Yang-Mills theory.

R-parity violation in SU(5)

DOE PAGES

Bajc, Borut; Di Luzio, Luca

2015-07-23

We show that judiciously chosen R-parity violating terms in the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric SU(5) are able to correct all the phenomenologically wrong mass relations between down quarks and charged leptons. The model can accommodate neutrino masses as well. One of the most striking consequences is a large mixing between the electron and the Higgsino. Finally, we show that this can still be in accord with data in some regions of the parameter space and possibly falsified in future experiments.

Supersymmetry: Compactification, flavor, and dualities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heidenreich, Benjamin Jones

We describe several new research directions in the area of supersymmetry. In the context of low-energy supersymmetry, we show that the assumption of R-parity can be replaced with the minimal flavor violation hypothesis, solving the issue of nucleon decay and the new physics flavor problem in one stroke. The assumption of minimal flavor violation uniquely fixes the form of the baryon number violating vertex, leading to testable predictions. The NLSP is unstable, and decays promptly to jets, evading stringent bounds on vanilla supersymmetry from LHC searches, whereas the gravitino is long-lived, and can be a dark matter component. In the case of a sbottom LSP, neutral mesinos can form and undergo oscillations before decaying, leading to same sign tops, and allowing us to place constraints on the model in this case. We show that this well-motivated phenomenology can be naturally explained by spontaneously breaking a gauged flavor symmetry at a high scale in the presence of additional vector-like quarks, leading to mass mixings which simultaneously generate the flavor structure of the baryon-number violating vertex and the Standard Model Yukawa couplings, explaining their minimal flavor violating structure. We construct a model which is robust against Planck suppressed corrections and which also solves the mu problem. In the context of flux compactifications, we begin a study of the local geometry near a stack of D7 branes supporting a gaugino condensate, an integral component of the KKLT scenario for Kahler moduli stabilization. We obtain an exact solution for the geometry in a certain limit using reasonable assumptions about symmetries, and argue that this solution exhibits BPS domain walls, as expected from field theory arguments. We also begin a larger program of understanding general supersymmetric compactifications of type IIB string theory, reformulating previous results in an SL(2, R ) covariant fashion. Finally, we present extensive evidence for a new class of N = 1 gauge theory dualities relating different world-volume gauge theories of D3 branes probing an orientifold singularity. We argue that these dualities originate from the S-duality of type IIB string theory, much like electromagnetic dualities of N = 4 gauge theories.

Constraints on Lorentz violation from gravitational Cerenkov radiation

DOE PAGES

Kostelecký, V. Alan; Tasson, Jay D.

2015-08-31

Limits on gravitational Cerenkov radiation by cosmic rays are obtained and used to constrain coefficients for Lorentz violation in the gravity sector associated with operators of even mass dimensions, including orientation-dependent effects. We use existing data from cosmic-ray telescopes to obtain conservative two-sided constraints on 80 distinct Lorentz-violating operators of dimensions four, six, and eight, along with conservative one-sided constraints on three others. Existing limits on the nine minimal operators at dimension four are improved by factors of up to a billion, while 74 of our explicit limits represent stringent first constraints on nonminimal operators. As a result, prospects aremore » discussed for future analyses incorporating effects of Lorentz violation in the matter sector, the role of gravitational Cerenkov radiation by high-energy photons, data from gravitational-wave observatories, the tired-light effect, and electromagnetic Cerenkov radiation by gravitons.« less

Potential Interventions by Government and Industry to Minimize Violations of Temporary Flight Restrictions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zuschlag, Michael

2005-01-01

This document enumerates interventions to reduce the frequency of restricted airspace violations, particularly those associated with temporary flight restrictions (TFRs) and air defense identification zones (ADIZs), by more effectively providing pilots with the information necessary to avoid such violations. Interventions are divided into both near term and far term groupings. Short term interventions, some variants of which are already in progress focus on improving the form and content of the textual Notices to Airmen (NOTAMs) as well as the graphical depiction of TFRs. A long-term technical intervention is proposed which would provide pilots the following functionality: ground and airborne presentation of information on any restricted airspace, including display on an electronic moving map, fully mechanized execution from the cockpit of the procedures required for entry into restricted airspaces that allow for entry, and alerting of the potential for TFR violations both during flight planning and while the aircraft is moving.

Search for supersymmetry via associated production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three leptons.

PubMed

Abazov, V M; Abbott, B; Abolins, M; Acharya, B S; Adams, M; Adams, T; Agelou, M; Agram, J-L; Ahn, S H; Ahsan, M; Alexeev, G D; Alkhazov, G; Alton, A; Alverson, G; Alves, G A; Anastasoaie, M; Andeen, T; Anderson, S; Andrieu, B; Arnoud, Y; Askew, A; Asman, B; Assis Jesus, A C S; Atramentov, O; Autermann, C; Avila, C; Badaud, F; Baden, A; Baldin, B; Balm, P W; Banerjee, S; Barberis, E; Bargassa, P; Baringer, P; Barnes, C; Barreto, J; Bartlett, J F; Bassler, U; Bauer, D; Bean, A; Beauceron, S; Begel, M; Bellavance, A; Beri, S B; Bernardi, G; Bernhard, R; Bertram, I; Besançon, M; Beuselinck, R; Bezzubov, V A; Bhat, P C; Bhatnagar, V; Binder, M; Biscarat, C; Black, K M; Blackler, I; Blazey, G; Blekman, F; Blessing, S; Bloch, D; Blumenschein, U; Boehnlein, A; Boeriu, O; Bolton, T A; Borcherding, F; Borissov, G; Bos, K; Bose, T; Brandt, A; Brock, R; Brooijmans, G; Bross, A; Buchanan, N J; Buchholz, D; Buehler, M; Buescher, V; Burdin, S; Burnett, T H; Busato, E; Buszello, C P; Butler, J M; Cammin, J; Caron, S; Carvalho, W; Casey, B C K; Cason, N M; Castilla-Valdez, H; Chakrabarti, S; Chakraborty, D; Chan, K M; Chandra, A; Chapin, D; Charles, F; Cheu, E; Cho, D K; Choi, S; Choudhary, B; Christiansen, T; Christofek, L; Claes, D; Clément, B; Clément, C; Coadou, Y; Cooke, M; Cooper, W E; Coppage, D; Corcoran, M; Cothenet, A; Cousinou, M-C; Cox, B; Crépé-Renaudin, S; Cutts, D; da Motta, H; Davies, B; Davies, G; Davis, G A; De, K; de Jong, P; de Jong, S J; De La Cruz-Burelo, E; Martins, C De Oliveira; Dean, S; Degenhardt, J D; Déliot, F; Demarteau, M; Demina, R; Demine, P; Denisov, D; Denisov, S P; Desai, S; Diehl, H T; Diesburg, M; Doidge, M; Dong, H; Doulas, S; Dudko, L V; Duflot, L; Dugad, S R; Duperrin, A; Dyer, J; Dyshkant, A; Eads, M; Edmunds, D; Edwards, T; Ellison, J; Elmsheuser, J; Elvira, V D; Eno, S; Ermolov, P; Eroshin, O V; Estrada, J; Evans, H; Evdokimov, A; Evdokimov, V N; Fast, J; Fatakia, S N; Feligioni, L; Ferapontov, A V; Ferbel, T; Fiedler, F; Filthaut, F; Fisher, W; Fisk, H E; Fleck, I; Fortner, M; Fox, H; Fu, S; Fuess, S; Gadfort, T; Galea, C F; Gallas, E; Galyaev, E; Garcia, C; Garcia-Bellido, A; Gardner, J; Gavrilov, V; Gay, P; Gelé, D; Gelhaus, R; Genser, K; Gerber, C E; Gershtein, Y; Gillberg, D; Ginther, G; Golling, T; Gollub, N; Gómez, B; Gounder, K; Goussiou, A; Grannis, P D; Greder, S; Greenlee, H; Greenwood, Z D; Gregores, E M; Gris, Ph; Grivaz, J-F; Groer, L; Grünendahl, S; Grünewald, M W; Gurzhiev, S N; Gutierrez, G; Gutierrez, P; Haas, A; Hadley, N J; Hagopian, S; Hall, I; Hall, R E; Han, C; Han, L; Hanagaki, K; Harder, K; Harel, A; Harrington, R; Hauptman, J M; Hauser, R; Hays, J; Hebbeker, T; Hedin, D; Heinmiller, J M; Heinson, A P; Heintz, U; Hensel, C; Hesketh, G; Hildreth, M D; Hirosky, R; Hobbs, J D; Hoeneisen, B; Hohlfeld, M; Hong, S J; Hooper, R; Houben, P; Hu, Y; Huang, J; Hynek, V; Iashvili, I; Illingworth, R; Ito, A S; Jabeen, S; Jaffré, M; Jain, S; Jain, V; Jakobs, K; Jenkins, A; Jesik, R; Johns, K; Johnson, M; Jonckheere, A; Jonsson, P; Juste, A; Käfer, D; Kahn, S; Kajfasz, E; Kalinin, A M; Kalk, J; Karmanov, D; Kasper, J; Kau, D; Kaur, R; Kehoe, R; Kermiche, S; Kesisoglou, S; Khanov, A; Kharchilava, A; Kharzheev, Y M; Kim, H; Kim, T J; Klima, B; Kohli, J M; Kopal, M; Korablev, V M; Kotcher, J; Kothari, B; Koubarovsky, A; Kozelov, A V; Kozminski, J; Kryemadhi, A; Krzywdzinski, S; Kulik, Y; Kumar, A; Kunori, S; Kupco, A; Kurca, T; Kvita, J; Lager, S; Lahrichi, N; Landsberg, G; Lazoflores, J; Bihan, A-C Le; Lebrun, P; Lee, W M; Leflat, A; Lehner, F; Leonidopoulos, C; Leveque, J; Lewis, P; Li, J; Li, Q Z; Lima, J G R; Lincoln, D; Linn, S L; Linnemann, J; Lipaev, V V; Lipton, R; Lobo, L; Lobodenko, A; Lokajicek, M; Lounis, A; Love, P; Lubatti, H J; Lueking, L; Lynker, M; Lyon, A L; Maciel, A K A; Madaras, R J; Mättig, P; Magass, C; Magerkurth, A; Magnan, A-M; Makovec, N; Mal, P K; Malbouisson, H B; Malik, S; Malyshev, V L; Mao, H S; Maravin, Y; Martens, M; Mattingly, S E K; Mayorov, A A; McCarthy, R; McCroskey, R; Meder, D; Melnitchouk, A; Mendes, A; Merkin, M; Merritt, K W; Meyer, A; Meyer, J; Michaut, M; Miettinen, H; Mitrevski, J; Molina, J; Mondal, N K; Moore, R W; Muanza, G S; Mulders, M; Mutaf, Y D; Nagy, E; Narain, M; Naumann, N A; Neal, H A; Negret, J P; Nelson, S; Neustroev, P; Noeding, C; Nomerotski, A; Novaes, S F; Nunnemann, T; Nurse, E; O'dell, V; O'neil, D C; Oguri, V; Oliveira, N; Oshima, N; Otero Y Garzón, G J; Padley, P; Parashar, N; Park, S K; Parsons, J; Partridge, R; Parua, N; Patwa, A; Pawloski, G; Perea, P M; Perez, E; Pétroff, P; Petteni, M; Piegaia, R; Pleier, M-A; Podesta-Lerma, P L M; Podstavkov, V M; Pogorelov, Y; Pompos, A; Pope, B G; Prado da Silva, W L; Prosper, H B; Protopopescu, S; Qian, J; Quadt, A; Quinn, B; Rani, K J; Ranjan, K; Rapidis, P A; Ratoff, P N; Reucroft, S; Rijssenbeek, M; Ripp-Baudot, I; Rizatdinova, F; Robinson, S; Rodrigues, R F; Royon, C; Rubinov, P; Ruchti, R; Rud, V I; Sajot, G; Sánchez-Hernández, A; Sanders, M P; Santoro, A; Savage, G; Sawyer, L; Scanlon, T; Schaile, D; Schamberger, R D; Schellman, H; Schieferdecker, P; Schmitt, C; Schwanenberger, C; Schwartzman, A; Schwienhorst, R; Sengupta, S; Severini, H; Shabalina, E; Shamim, M; Shary, V; Shchukin, A A; Shephard, W D; Shivpuri, R K; Shpakov, D; Sidwell, R A; Simak, V; Sirotenko, V; Skubic, P; Slattery, P; Smith, R P; Smolek, K; Snow, G R; Snow, J; Snyder, S; Söldner-Rembold, S; Song, X; Sonnenschein, L; Sopczak, A; Sosebee, M; Soustruznik, K; Souza, M; Spurlock, B; Stanton, N R; Stark, J; Steele, J; Stevenson, K; Stolin, V; Stone, A; Stoyanova, D A; Strandberg, J; Strang, M A; Strauss, M; Ströhmer, R; Strom, D; Strovink, M; Stutte, L; Sumowidagdo, S; Sznajder, A; Talby, M; Tamburello, P; Taylor, W; Telford, P; Temple, J; Tomoto, M; Toole, T; Torborg, J; Towers, S; Trefzger, T; Trincaz-Duvoid, S; Tuchming, B; Tully, C; Turcot, A S; Tuts, P M; Uvarov, L; Uvarov, S; Uzunyan, S; Vachon, B; Van Kooten, R; van Leeuwen, W M; Varelas, N; Varnes, E W; Vartapetian, A; Vasilyev, I A; Vaupel, M; Verdier, P; Vertogradov, L S; Verzocchi, M; Villeneuve-Seguier, F; Vlimant, J-R; Von Toerne, E; Vreeswijk, M; Vu Anh, T; Wahl, H D; Wang, L; Warchol, J; Watts, G; Wayne, M; Weber, M; Weerts, H; Wegner, M; Wermes, N; White, A; White, V; Wicke, D; Wijngaarden, D A; Wilson, G W; Wimpenny, S J; Wittlin, J; Wobisch, M; Womersley, J; Wood, D R; Wyatt, T R; Xu, Q; Xuan, N; Yacoob, S; Yamada, R; Yan, M; Yasuda, T; Yatsunenko, Y A; Yen, Y; Yip, K; Yoo, H D; Youn, S W; Yu, J; Yurkewicz, A; Zabi, A; Zatserklyaniy, A; Zdrazil, M; Zeitnitz, C; Zhang, D; Zhang, X; Zhao, T; Zhao, Z; Zhou, B; Zhu, J; Zielinski, M; Zieminska, D; Zieminski, A; Zitoun, R; Zutshi, V; Zverev, E G

2005-10-07

A search for associated production of charginos and neutralinos is performed using data recorded with the D0 detector at a pp center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. This analysis considers final states with missing transverse energy and three charged leptons, of which at least two are electrons or muons. No evidence for supersymmetry is found in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 320 pb-1. Limits on the product of the production cross section and leptonic branching fraction are set. For the minimal supergravity model, a chargino lower mass limit of 117 GeV at the 95% C.L. is derived in regions of parameter space with enhanced leptonic branching fractions.

A superstring field theory for supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Reid-Edwards, R. A.; Riccombeni, D. A.

2017-09-01

A covariant closed superstring field theory, equivalent to classical tendimensional Type II supergravity, is presented. The defining conformal field theory is the ambitwistor string worldsheet theory of Mason and Skinner. This theory is known to reproduce the scattering amplitudes of Cachazo, He and Yuan in which the scattering equations play an important role and the string field theory naturally incorporates these results. We investigate the operator formalism description of the ambitwsitor string and propose an action for the string field theory of the bosonic and supersymmetric theories. The correct linearised gauge symmetries and spacetime actions are explicitly reproduced and evidence is given that the action is correct to all orders. The focus is on the NeveuSchwarz sector and the explicit description of tree level perturbation theory about flat spacetime. Application of the string field theory to general supergravity backgrounds and the inclusion of the Ramond sector are briefly discussed.

One-loop supergravity on AdS 4 × S 7/Z k and comparison with ABJM theory

DOE PAGES

Liu, James T.; Zhao, Wenli

2016-11-18

The large-N limit of ABJM theory is holographically dual to M-theory on AdS 4 × S 7/Z k. The 3-sphere partition function has been obtained via localization, and its leading behavior F ABJM (0) ~ k 1/2N 3/2 is exactly reproduced in the dual theory by tree-level supergravity. In this paper, we extend this comparison to the sub-leading O(N 0) order by computing the one-loop supergravity free energy as a function of k and comparing it with the ABJM result. Curiously, we find that the expressions do not match, with F SUGRA (1)~k 6, while F ABJM (1)~ k 2.more » Finally, this suggests that the low-energy approximation Z M-theory = Z SUGRA breaks down at one-loop order.« less

Standard model CP violation and cold electroweak baryogenesis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tranberg, Anders

2011-10-15

Using large-scale real-time lattice simulations, we calculate the baryon asymmetry generated at a fast, cold electroweak symmetry breaking transition. CP-violation is provided by the leading effective bosonic term resulting from integrating out the fermions in the Minimal Standard Model at zero-temperature, and performing a covariant gradient expansion [A. Hernandez, T. Konstandin, and M. G. Schmidt, Nucl. Phys. B812, 290 (2009).]. This is an extension of the work presented in [A. Tranberg, A. Hernandez, T. Konstandin, and M. G. Schmidt, Phys. Lett. B 690, 207 (2010).]. The numerical implementation is described in detail, and we address issues specifically related to usingmore » this CP-violating term in the context of Cold Electroweak Baryogenesis.« less

BOOK REVIEW: Supergravity Supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gregory, Ruth

2013-02-01

Supergravity is an essential ingredient in so many areas of ultra high energy physics, yet it is rarely taught systematically, even at the graduate level. Students most often have to learn along with applying, and must use the now classic older texts. For such core material, it is surprising that there are so few good texts on the subject. It is not necessarily that supergravity is so much more conceptually complex, rather that it is technical and therefore easy for a text to become dry, dense and rather indigestible. This book, written by two experts in the field, is therefore a breath of fresh air. It not only represents a comprehensive modern overview of the subject, but achieves this with clarity, accessibility, and even humour! To paraphrase the authors, if you are not impressed by this book, you should put it down and watch television instead. It starts by reviewing, or overviewing, aspects of field theory, basic supersymmetry and gravity that will be needed for the rest of the book. This first third or so of the book is very condensed, and will not be easy to follow for those who have not encountered the material before. However, the authors acknowledge this and give plenty of suggestions for more pedagogical texts in the relevant areas, thus it does not feel overly brief. The middle section deals with the construction of supergravity, starting with basic N = 1 supergravity in 4 and 11 dimensions and gradually extending the discussion to include matter multiplets. This part of the book systematically builds up understanding and construction of models, before moving on to superconformal methods. The purpose is not to cover all supergravity theories, but to focus on a few examples in detail, and to give sufficient expertise and information for the reader to be able to deal with any other models they might need. The final part of the book deals with applications, and includes two chapters on applications in adS/CFT, which will be of most interest to new students of supergravity. One of the strengths of the book is that it includes many exercises; these are designed to both reinforce the material covered, as well as to elucidate technical issues. They back up the process of learning, and feel part of the narrative rather than a test. If diligently followed, the reader will acquire a great deal of expertise by being guided through these critical learning processes. Another striking feature of the book is its inherent user friendliness. Not only is the layout of the book visually pleasing -- with plenty of margin space to scribble in if so inspired -- but the language of the authors is very accessible, and the gentle humour leavens the material being presented. When asked to work through the manipulations in the previous paragraphs forwards, then backwards, then forwards again, one tends to smile rather than give up! The authors are very aware that this can be challenging material, and have taken every effort to bring it to the reader in an appealing form. To sum up: this is a definitive text on the topic of supergravity. It contains all the relevant material one needs, or signposts clearly where the discussion has been `executive' and one might need to consult more detailed material depending on background. It is rather high level for a beginning graduate student, who has probably not met field theory or general relativity before, but for a more experienced student or researcher, the book is spot on. I found it more like a companion than a teacher, and heartily recommend it to anyone wanting to learn or revisit this fascinating, if technical, topic.

FAST TRACK COMMUNICATION Single-charge rotating black holes in four-dimensional gauged supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, David D. K.

2011-02-01

We consider four-dimensional U(1)4 gauged supergravity, and obtain asymptotically AdS4, non-extremal, charged, rotating black holes with one non-zero U(1) charge. The thermodynamic quantities are computed. We obtain a generalization that includes a NUT parameter. The general solution has a discrete symmetry involving inversion of the rotation parameter, and has a string frame metric that admits a rank-2 Killing-Stäckel tensor.

Entropy of black holes in N=2 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chatterjee, A.

2018-07-01

Using the formalism of isolated horizons, we construct space of solutions of asymptotically flat extremal black holes in N=2 pure supergravity in 4 dimensions. We prove that the laws of black hole mechanics hold for these black holes. Further, restricting to constant area phase space, we show that the spherical horizons admit a Chern-Simons theory. Standard way of quantizing this topological theory and counting states confirms that entropy is indeed proportional to the area of horizon.

Symmetry enhancement of extremal horizons in D  =  5 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kayani, U.

2018-06-01

We consider the near-horizon geometry of supersymmetric extremal black holes in un-gauged and gauged 5-dimensional supergravity, coupled to abelian vector multiplets. By analyzing the global properties of the Killing spinors, we prove that the near-horizon geometries undergo a supersymmetry enhancement. This follows from a set of generalized Lichnerowicz-type theorems we establish, together with an index theory argument. As a consequence, these solutions always admit a symmetry group.

Generalizations of holographic renormalization group flows

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Suh, Minwoo

The AdS/CFT correspondence conjectures the duality between type IIB supergravity on AdS5 × S5 and N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Mass deformations of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory drive renormalization group (RG) flows. Holographic RG flows are described by domain wall solutions interpolating between AdS5 geometries at critical points of N = 8 gauged supergravity in five dimensions. In this thesis we study two directions of generalizations of holographic RG flows. First, motivated by the Janus solutions, we study holographic RG flows with dilaton and axion fields. To be specific, we consider the SU (3)-invariant flow with dilaton and axion fields, and discover the known supersymmetric Janus solution in five dimensions. Then, by employing the lift ansatz, we uplift the supersymmetric Janus solution of the SU(3)-invariant truncation with dilaton and axion fields to a solution of type IIB supergravity. We identify the uplifted solution to be one of the known supersymmetric Janus solution in type IIB supergravity. Furthermore, we consider the SU(2) × U(1)-invariant N = 2 and N = 1 supersymmetric flows with dilaton and axion fields. Second, motivated by the development in AdS/CMT, we study holographic RG flows with gauge fields. We consider the SU(3)-invariant flow with electric potentials or magnetic fields, and find first-order systems of flow equations for each case.

Causality violations in Lovelock theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brustein, Ram; Sherf, Yotam

2018-04-01

Higher-derivative gravity theories, such as Lovelock theories, generalize Einstein's general relativity (GR). Modifications to GR are expected when curvatures are near Planckian and appear in string theory or supergravity. But can such theories describe gravity on length scales much larger than the Planck cutoff length scale? Here we find causality constraints on Lovelock theories that arise from the requirement that the equations of motion (EOM) of perturbations be hyperbolic. We find a general expression for the "effective metric" in field space when Lovelock theories are perturbed around some symmetric background solution. In particular, we calculate explicitly the effective metric for a general Lovelock theory perturbed around cosmological Friedman-Robertson-Walker backgrounds and for some specific cases when perturbed around Schwarzschild-like solutions. For the EOM to be hyperbolic, the effective metric needs to be Lorentzian. We find that, unlike for GR, the effective metric is generically not Lorentzian when the Lovelock modifications are significant. So, we conclude that Lovelock theories can only be considered as perturbative extensions of GR and not as truly modified theories of gravity. We compare our results to those in the literature and find that they agree with and reproduce the results of previous studies.

Little SUSY hierarchy in mixed modulus-anomaly mediation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choi, Kiwoon; Jeong, Kwang Sik; Kobayashi, Tatsuo; Okumura, Ken-ichi

2006-02-01

Motivated by the KKLT string compactification involving a supersymmetry-breaking uplifting potential, we examine 4D effective supergravity with a generic form of uplifting potential, focusing on the possibility that the resulting mixed modulus-anomaly mediated soft terms realize the little hierarchy between the Higgs boson masses mH and the sparticle masses mSUSY. It is noted that for some type of uplifting potential, the anomaly-mediated contribution to mH2 at MGUT can cancel the subsequent renormalization group evolution of mH2 down to TeV scale, thereby the model can naturally realize the little hierarchy mH2 ∼mSUSY2 / 8π2 which is desirable for the lightest Higgs boson mass to satisfy the experimental bound. In such models, the other Higgs mass parameters μ and B can have the desirable size μ ∼ B ∼mH without severe fine-tuning of parameters, although the gravitino is much heavier than the Higgs boson. Those models for the little hierarchy avoid naturally the dangerous SUSY flavor and CP violations, and predict nearly degenerate low energy gaugino masses, pure Higgsino LSP, and also a specific relation between the stop and gaugino masses.

Search for anomalous production of multi-lepton events in p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96-TeV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abulencia, A.; Adelman, Jahred A.; Affolder, T.

2007-01-01

The authors report a search for the anomalous production of events with multiple charged leptons in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 346 pb{sup -1} collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The search is divided into three-lepton and four-or-more-lepton data samples. They observe six events in the three-lepton sample and zero events in the {ge}4-lepton sample. Both numbers of events are consistent with standard model background expectations. Within the framework of an R-parity violating supergravity model, the results are interpreted as mass limits onmore » the lightest neutralino ({bar {chi}}{sub 1}{sup 0}) and chargino ({bar {chi}}{sub 1}{sup {+-}}) particles. For one particular choice of model parameters, the limits are M({bar {chi}}{sub 1}{sup 0}) > 110 GeV/c{sup 2} and M({bar {chi}}{sub 1}{sup {+-}}) > 203 GeV/c{sup 2} at 95% confidence level; the variation of these mass limits with model parameters is presented.« less

Universal formula for the holographic speed of sound

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Anabalón, Andrés; Andrade, Tomás; Astefanesei, Dumitru; Mann, Robert

2018-06-01

We consider planar hairy black holes in five dimensions with a real scalar field in the Breitenlohner-Freedman window and derive a universal formula for the holographic speed of sound for any mixed boundary conditions of the scalar field. As an example, we numerically construct the most general class of planar black holes coupled to a single scalar field in the consistent truncation of type IIB supergravity that preserves the SO (3) × SO (3) R-symmetry group of the gauge theory. For this particular family of solutions, we find that the speed of sound exceeds the conformal value. From a phenomenological point of view, the fact that the conformal bound can be violated by choosing the right mixed boundary conditions is relevant for the existence of neutron stars with a certain mass-size relationship for which a large value of the speed of sound codifies a stiff equation of state. In the way, we also shed light on a puzzle regarding the appearance of the scalar charges in the first law. Finally, we generalize the formula of the speed of sound to arbitrary dimensional scalar-metric theories whose parameters lie within the Breitenlohner-Freedman window.

Exploring CP violation in the MSSM.

PubMed

Arbey, Alexandre; Ellis, John; Godbole, Rohini M; Mahmoudi, Farvah

We explore the prospects for observing CP violation in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) with six CP-violating parameters, three gaugino mass phases and three phases in trilinear soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters, using the CPsuperH code combined with a geometric approach to maximise CP-violating observables subject to the experimental upper bounds on electric dipole moments. We also implement CP-conserving constraints from Higgs physics, flavour physics and the upper limits on the cosmological dark matter density and spin-independent scattering. We study possible values of observables within the constrained MSSM (CMSSM), the non-universal Higgs model (NUHM), the CPX scenario and a variant of the phenomenological MSSM (pMSSM). We find values of the CP-violating asymmetry [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] decay that may be as large as 3 %, so future measurements of [Formula: see text] may provide independent information about CP violation in the MSSM. We find that CP-violating MSSM contributions to the [Formula: see text] meson mass mixing term [Formula: see text] are in general below the present upper limit, which is dominated by theoretical uncertainties. If these could be reduced, [Formula: see text] could also provide an interesting and complementary constraint on the six CP-violating MSSM phases, enabling them all to be determined experimentally, in principle. We also find that CP violation in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] couplings can be quite large, and so may offer interesting prospects for future [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] colliders.

Gapped fermionic spectrum from a domain wall in seven dimension

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mukhopadhyay, Subir; Rai, Nishal

2018-05-01

We obtain a domain wall solution in maximally gauged seven dimensional supergravity, which interpolates between two AdS spaces and spontaneously breaks a U (1) symmetry. We analyse frequency dependence of conductivity and find power law behaviour at low frequency. We consider certain fermions of supergravity in the background of this domain wall and compute holographic spectral function of the operators in the dual six dimensional theory. We find fermionic operators involving bosons with non-zero expectation value lead to gapped spectrum.

All symmetric space solutions of eleven-dimensional supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wulff, Linus

2017-06-01

We find all symmetric space solutions of eleven-dimensional supergravity completing an earlier classification by Figueroa-O’Farrill. They come in two types: AdS solutions and pp-wave solutions. We analyze the supersymmetry conditions and show that out of the 99 AdS geometries the only supersymmetric ones are the well known backgrounds arising as near-horizon limits of (intersecting) branes and preserving 32, 16 or 8 supersymmetries. The general form of the superisometry algebra for symmetric space backgrounds is also derived.

Abelian tensor hierarchy in 4D N = 1 conformal supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aoki, Shuntaro; Higaki, Tetsutaro; Yamada, Yusuke; Yokokura, Ryo

2016-09-01

We consider Abelian tensor hierarchy in four-dimensional N = 1 supergravity in the conformal superspace formalism, where the so-called covariant approach is used to antisymmetric tensor fields. We introduce p-form gauge superfields as superforms in the conformal superspace. We solve the Bianchi identities under the constraints for the super-forms. As a result, each of form fields is expressed by a single gauge invariant superfield. We also show the relation between the superspace formalism and the superconformal tensor calculus.

The conformal hyperplet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Faux, Michael

2017-05-01

We introduce a finite off-shell hypermultiplet with no off-shell central charge. This requires 192+192 degrees of freedom, all but 8+8 of which are auxiliary or gauge. In the absence of supergravity, the model has a saddle-point vacuum instability implying ghost-like propagators. These are cured by realizing the model superconformally, such that the erstwhile ghosts are realized as compensators. Gauge fixing these links the physical hypermultiplets to supergravity. This evokes the prospect of realizing 𝒩 = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory off-shell.

Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in supergravity without gauged R-symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cribiori, Niccolò; Farakos, Fotis; Tournoy, Magnus; Van Proeyen, Antoine

2018-04-01

We construct a supergravity-Maxwell theory with a novel embedding of the Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term, leading to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The gauging of the R-symmetry is not required and a gravitino mass is allowed for a generic vacuum. When matter couplings are introduced, an uplift through a positive definite contribution to the scalar potential is obtained. We observe a notable similarity to the \\overline{D}3 uplift constructions and we give a natural description in terms of constrained multiplets.

Infinite tension limit of the pure spinor superstring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Berkovits, Nathan

2014-03-01

Mason and Skinner recently constructed a chiral infinite tension limit of the Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz superstring which was shown to compute the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d = 10 Yang-Mills amplitudes and the NS-NS sector of tree-level d = 10 supergravity amplitudes. In this letter, their chiral infinite tension limit is generalized to the pure spinor superstring which computes a d = 10 superspace version of the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree-level d = 10 super-Yang-Mills and supergravity amplitudes.

Chern-Simons-Antoniadis-Savvidy forms and standard supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Izaurieta, F.; Salgado, P.; Salgado, S.

2017-04-01

In the context of the so called the Chern-Simons-Antoniadis-Savvidy (ChSAS) forms, we use the methods for FDA decomposition in 1-forms to construct a four-dimensional ChSAS supergravity action for the Maxwell superalgebra. On the another hand, we use the Extended Cartan Homotopy Formula to find a method that allows the separation of the ChSAS action into bulk and boundary contributions and permits the splitting of the bulk Lagrangian into pieces that reflect the particular subspace structure of the gauge algebra.

CP Violation in Unpolarized e+e-→ Charginos at One-Loop Level

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Osland, P.; Vereshagin, A.

2007-08-01

We study CP violation in e+e-→χ˜i+χ˜j- in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Though the cross section of this process is CP-even at the tree level even for polarized electron-positron beams, we show that it contains a CP-odd part at one-loop order and there are CP-odd observables that can in principle be measured even using unpolarized electron-positron beams. The relevant diagram calculations are briefly discussed, and the results of selected (box) diagram computations are shown.

75 FR 282 - Restricting the Mailing of Replica or Inert Explosive Devices

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-05

... commitments. We believe this revised proposed rule will minimize the chances of operational disruptions caused... occurrences. Comment: The proposal is in violation of the Second Amendment. We no longer propose to prohibit...

$L^1$ penalization of volumetric dose objectives in optimal control of PDEs

DOE PAGES

Barnard, Richard C.; Clason, Christian

2017-02-11

This work is concerned with a class of PDE-constrained optimization problems that are motivated by an application in radiotherapy treatment planning. Here the primary design objective is to minimize the volume where a functional of the state violates a prescribed level, but prescribing these levels in the form of pointwise state constraints leads to infeasible problems. We therefore propose an alternative approach based on L 1 penalization of the violation that is also applicable when state constraints are infeasible. We establish well-posedness of the corresponding optimal control problem, derive first-order optimality conditions, discuss convergence of minimizers as the penalty parametermore » tends to infinity, and present a semismooth Newton method for their efficient numerical solution. Finally, the performance of this method for a model problem is illustrated and contrasted with an alternative approach based on (regularized) state constraints.« less

Should Weights and Risk Categories Be Used for Inspection Scores To Evaluate Food Safety in Restaurants?

PubMed

da Cunha, Diogo Thimoteo; de Rosso, Veridiana Vera; Stedefeldt, Elke

2016-03-01

The objective of this study was to verify the characteristics of food safety inspections, considering risk categories and binary scores. A cross-sectional study was performed with 439 restaurants in 43 Brazilian cities. A food safety checklist with 177 items was applied to the food service establishments. These items were classified into four groups (R1 to R4) according to the main factors that can cause outbreaks involving food: R1, time and temperature aspects; R2, direct contamination; R3, water conditions and raw material; and R4, indirect contamination (i.e., structures and buildings). A score adjusted for 100 was calculated for the overall violation score and the violation score for each risk category. The average violation score (standard deviation) was 18.9% (16.0), with an amplitude of 0.0 to 76.7%. Restaurants with a low overall violation score (approximately 20%) presented a high number of violations from the R1 and R2 groups, representing the most risky violations. Practical solutions to minimize this evaluation bias were discussed. Food safety evaluation should use weighted scores and be risk-based. However, some precautions must be taken by researchers, health inspectors, and health surveillance departments to develop an adequate and reliable instrument.

On gauged maximal d  =  8 supergravities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lasso Andino, Óscar; Ortín, Tomás

2018-04-01

We study the gauging of maximal d  =  8 supergravity using the embedding tensor formalism. We focus on SO(3) gaugings, study all the possible choices of gauge fields and construct explicitly the bosonic actions (including the complicated Chern–Simons terms) for all these choices, which are parametrized by a parameter associated to the 8-dimensional SL(2, {R}) duality group that relates all the possible choices which are, ultimately, equivalent from the purely 8-dimensional point of view. Our result proves that the theory constructed by Salam and Sezgin by Scherk–Schwarz compactification of d  =  11 supergravity and the theory constructed in Alonso-Alberca (2001 Nucl. Phys. B 602 329) by dimensional reduction of the so called ‘massive 11-dimensional supergravity’ proposed by Meessen and Ortín in (1999 Nucl. Phys. B 541 195) are indeed related by an SL(2, {R}) duality even though they have two completely different 11-dimensional origins.

Momentum fractionation on superstrata

DOE PAGES

Bena, Iosif; Martinec, Emil; Turton, David; ...

2016-05-11

Superstrata are bound states in string theory that carry D1, D5, and momentum charges, and whose supergravity descriptions are parameterized by arbitrary functions of (at least) two variables. In the D1-D5 CFT, typical three-charge states reside in highdegree twisted sectors, and their momentum charge is carried by modes that individually have fractional momentum. Understanding this momentum fractionation holographically is crucial for understanding typical black-hole microstates in this system. We use solution-generating techniques to add momentum to a multi-wound supertube and thereby construct the first examples of asymptotically-flat superstrata. The resulting supergravity solutions are horizonless and smooth up to well-understood orbifoldmore » singularities. Upon taking the AdS3 decoupling limit, our solutions are dual to CFT states with momentum fractionation. We give a precise proposal for these dual CFT states. Lastly, our construction establishes the very nontrivial fact that large classes of CFT states with momentum fractionation can be realized in the bulk as smooth horizonless supergravity solutions.« less

Manifesting enhanced cancellations in supergravity: integrands versus integrals

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bern, Zvi; Enciso, Michael; Parra-Martinez, Julio

2017-05-25

We have found examples of `enhanced ultraviolet cancellations' with no known standard-symmetry explanation in a variety of supergravity theories. Furthermore, by examining one- and two-loop examples in four- and five-dimensional half-maximal supergravity, we argue that enhanced cancellations in general cannot be exhibited prior to integration. In light of this, we explore reorganizations of integrands into parts that are manifestly finite and parts that have poor power counting but integrate to zero due to integral identities. At two loops we find that in the large loop-momentum limit the required integral identities follow from Lorentz and SL(2) relabeling symmetry. We carry outmore » a nontrivial check at four loops showing that the identities generated in this way are a complete set. We propose that at L loops the combination of Lorentz and SL(L) symmetry is sufficient for displaying enhanced cancellations when they happen, whenever the theory is known to be ultraviolet finite up to (L - 1) loops.« less

Eliminating the η-problem in SUGRA hybrid inflation with vector backreaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Lazarides, George; Wagstaff, Jacques M.

2012-02-01

It is shown that, when the inflaton field modulates the gauge kinetic function of the gauge fields in supergravity realisations of inflation, the dynamic backreaction leads to a new inflationary attractor solution, in which the inflaton's variation suffers additional impedance. As a result, slow-roll inflation can naturally occur along directions of the scalar potential which would be too steep and curved to support it otherwise. This provides a generic solution to the infamous eta-problem of inflation in supergravity. Moreover, it is shown that, in the new inflationary attractor, the spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is kept mildly red despite eta of order unity. The above findings are applied to a model of hybrid inflation in supergravity with a generic Kähler potential. The spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is found to be 0.97-0.98, in excellent agreement with observations. The gauge field can play the role of the vector curvaton after inflation but observable statistical anisotropy requires substantial tuning of the gauge coupling.

Dark matter annihilation in the milky way galaxy: effects of baryonic compression.

PubMed

Prada, F; Klypin, A; Flix, J; Martínez, M; Simonneau, E

2004-12-10

If the dark matter (DM), which is considered to constitute most of the mass of galaxies, is made of supersymmetric particles, the central region of our Galaxy should emit gamma rays produced by their annihilation. We use detailed models of the Milky Way to make accurate estimates of continuum gamma-ray fluxes. We argue that the most important effect, which was previously neglected, is the compression of the dark matter due to the infall of baryons to the galactic center: it boosts the expected signal by a factor 1000. To illustrate this effect, we computed the expected gamma fluxes in the minimal supergravity scenario. Our models predict that the signal could be detected at high confidence levels by imaging atmospheric C erenkov telescopes assuming that neutralinos make up most of the DM in the Universe.

Thermodynamics and Hawking radiation of five-dimensional rotating charged Goedel black holes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wu Shuangqing; Peng Junjin; College of Science, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430074

2011-02-15

We study the thermodynamics of Goedel-type rotating charged black holes in five-dimensional minimal supergravity. These black holes exhibit some peculiar features such as the presence of closed timelike curves and the absence of a globally spatial-like Cauchy surface. We explicitly compute their energies, angular momenta, and electric charges that are consistent with the first law of thermodynamics. Besides, we extend the covariant anomaly cancellation method, as well as the approach of the effective action, to derive their Hawking fluxes. Both the methods of the anomaly cancellation and the effective action give the same Hawking fluxes as those from the Planckmore » distribution for blackbody radiation in the background of the charged rotating Goedel black holes. Our results further support that Hawking radiation is a quantum phenomenon arising at the event horizon.« less

Squashed, magnetized black holes in D = 5 minimal gauged supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blázquez-Salcedo, Jose Luis; Kunz, Jutta; Navarro-Lérida, Francisco; Radu, Eugen

2018-02-01

We construct a new class of black hole solutions in five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory with a negative cosmological constant. These configurations are cohomogeneity-1, with two equal-magnitude angular momenta. In the generic case, they possess a non-vanishing magnetic potential at infinity with a boundary metric which is the product of time and a squashed three-dimensional sphere. Both extremal and non-extremal black holes are studied. The non-extremal black holes satisfying a certain relation between electric charge, angular momenta and magnitude of the magnetic potential at infinity do not trivialize in the limit of vanishing event horizon size, becoming particle-like (non-topological) solitonic configurations. Among the extremal black holes, we show the existence of a new one-parameter family of supersymmetric solutions, which bifurcate from a critical Gutowski-Reall configuration.

Search for Supersymmetry Using Final States with One Lepton, Jets, and Missing Transverse Momentum with the ATLAS Detector in √s=7 TeV pp Collisions

DOE PAGES

Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdallah, J.; ...

2011-03-28

This Letter presents the first search for supersymmetry in final states containing one isolated electron or muon, jets, and missing transverse momentum from √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 35 pb⁻¹. No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed. Limits are set on the parameters of the minimal supergravity framework, extending previous limits. Within this framework, for A 0=0 GeV, tanβ=3, and μ>0 and for equal squark and gluino masses, gluino masses below 700 GeV are excluded at 95%more » confidence level.« less

Lepton flavour violation in RS models with a brane- or nearly brane-localized Higgs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Beneke, M.; Moch, P.; Rohrwild, J.

2016-05-01

We perform a comprehensive study of charged lepton flavour violation in Randall-Sundrum (RS) models in a fully 5D quantum-field-theoretical framework. We consider the RS model with minimal field content and a ;custodially protected; extension as well as three implementations of the IR-brane localized Higgs field, including the non-decoupling effect of the KK excitations of a narrow bulk Higgs. Our calculation provides the first complete result for the flavour-violating electromagnetic dipole operator in Randall-Sundrum models. It contains three contributions with different dependence on the magnitude of the anarchic 5D Yukawa matrix, which can all be important in certain parameter regions. We study the typical range for the branching fractions of μ → eγ, μ → 3 e, μN → eN as well as τ → μγ, τ → 3 μ and the electron electric dipole moment by a numerical scan in both the minimal and the custodial RS model. The combination of μ → eγ and μN → eN currently provides the most stringent constraint on the parameter space of the model. A typical lower limit on the KK scale T is around 2 TeV in the minimal model (up to 4 TeV in the bulk Higgs case with large Yukawa couplings), and around 4 TeV in the custodially protected model, which corresponds to a mass of about 10 TeV for the first KK excitations, far beyond the lower limit from the non-observation of direct production at the LHC.

Physics of superheavy dark matter in supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Addazi, Andrea; Marciano, Antonino; Ketov, Sergei V.; Khlopov, Maxim Yu.

New trends in inflationary model building and dark matter production in supergravity are considered. Starobinsky inflation is embedded into 𝒩 = 1 supergravity, avoiding instability problems, when the inflaton belongs to a vector superfield associated with a U(1) gauge symmetry, instead of a chiral superfield. This gauge symmetry can be spontaneously broken by the super-Higgs mechanism resulting in a massive vector supermultiplet including the (real scalar) inflaton field. Both supersymmetry (SUSY) and the R-symmetry can also be spontaneously broken by the Polonyi mechanism at high scales close to the inflationary scale. In this case, Polonyi particles and gravitinos become superheavy, and can be copiously produced during inflation by the Schwinger mechanism sourced by the universe expansion. The Polonyi mass slightly exceeds twice the gravitino mass, so that Polonyi particles are unstable and decay into gravitinos. Considering the mechanisms of superheavy gravitino production, we find that the right amount of cold dark matter composed of gravitinos can be achieved. In our scenario, the parameter space of the inflaton potential is directly related to the dark matter one, providing a new unifying framework of inflation and dark matter genesis. A multi-superfield extension of the supergravity framework with a single (inflaton) superfield can result in a formation of primordial nonlinear structures like mini- and stellar-mass black holes, primordial nongaussianity, and the running spectral index of density fluctuations. This framework can be embedded into the SUSY GUTs inspired by heterotic string compactifications on Calabi-Yau three-folds, thus unifying particle physics with quantum gravity.

More on the hidden symmetries of 11D supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Andrianopoli, Laura; D'Auria, Riccardo; Ravera, Lucrezia

2017-09-01

In this paper we clarify the relations occurring among the osp (1 | 32) algebra, the M-algebra and the hidden superalgebra underlying the Free Differential Algebra of D=11 supergravity (to which we will refer as DF-algebra) that was introduced in the literature by D'Auria and Frè in 1981 and is actually a (Lorentz valued) central extension of the M-algebra including a nilpotent spinor generator, Q‧. We focus in particular on the 4-form cohomology in 11D superspace of the supergravity theory, strictly related to the presence in the theory of a 3-form A (3). Once formulated in terms of its hidden superalgebra of 1-forms, we find that A (3) can be decomposed into the sum of two parts having different group-theoretical meaning: One of them allows to reproduce the FDA of the 11D Supergravity due to non-trivial contributions to the 4-form cohomology in superspace, while the second one does not contribute to the 4-form cohomology, being a closed 3-form in the vacuum, defining however a one parameter family of trilinear forms invariant under a symmetry algebra related to osp (1 | 32) by redefining the spin connection and adding a new Maurer-Cartan equation. We further discuss about the crucial role played by the 1-form spinor η (dual to the nilpotent generator Q‧) for the 4-form cohomology of the eleven dimensional theory on superspace.

Conformal supergravity in five dimensions: new approach and applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butter, Daniel; Kuzenko, Sergei M.; Novak, Joseph; Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele

2015-02-01

We develop a new off-shell formulation for five-dimensional (5D) conformal supergravity obtained by gauging the 5D superconformal algebra in superspace. An important property of the conformal superspace introduced is that it reduces to the super-conformal tensor calculus (formulated in the early 2000's) upon gauging away a number of superfluous fields. On the other hand, a different gauge fixing reduces our formulation to the SU(2) superspace of arXiv:0802.3953, which is suitable to describe the most general off-shell supergravity-matter couplings. Using the conformal superspace approach, we show how to reproduce practically all off-shell constructions derived so far, including he supersymmetric extensions of R 2 terms, thus demonstrating the power of our formulation. Furthermore, we construct for the first time a supersymmetric completion of the Ricci tensor squared term using the standard Weyl multiplet coupled to an off-shell vector multiplet. In addition, we present several procedures to generate higher-order off-shell invariants in supergravity, including higher-derivative ones. The covariant projective multiplets proposed in arXiv:0802.3953 are lifted to conformal superspace, and a manifestly superconformal action principle is given. We also introduce unconstrained prepotentials for the vector multiplet, the multiplet (i.e., the linear multiplet without central charge) and multiplets, with n = 0 , 1 , . . . Superform formulations are given for the BF action and the non-abelian Chern-Simons action. Finally, we describe locally supersymmetric theories with gauged central charge in conformal superspace.

RK(*) and related b →s ℓℓ¯ anomalies in minimal flavor violation framework with Z' boson

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiang, Cheng-Wei; He, Xiao-Gang; Tandean, Jusak; Yuan, Xing-Bo

2017-12-01

A recent LHCb measurement of the ratio RK* of B →K*μ μ ¯ to B →K*e e ¯ branching fractions has produced results in mild tension with the standard model (SM). This adds to the known anomalies also induced by the b →s ℓℓ ¯ transitions, resulting in a confidence level now as high as 4 σ . We analyze whether the parameter space preferred by all the b →s ℓℓ¯ anomalies is compatible with a heavy Z' boson assumed to have nonuniversal couplings to SM fermions dictated by the principle of minimal flavor violation (MFV). We deal with the MFV couplings of the Z' to leptons in the context of the type-I seesaw scenario for generating neutrino masses. The flavor-violating Z' interactions are subject to stringent constraints from other processes, especially B -B ¯ mixing, charged lepton decays ℓi→ℓjℓkℓ¯ l occurring at tree level, and the loop induced μ →e γ . We perform scans for parameter regions allowed by various data and predict the ranges for a number of observables. Some of the predictions, such as the branching fractions of lepton-flavor violating τ →3 μ , B →K e μ , KL→e μ , and Z →ℓℓ', are not far below their experimental bounds and therefore could be probed by searches in the near future. The viable parameter space depends strongly on the neutrino mass hierarchy, with a preference for the inverted one.

Smart Push, Smart Pull, Sensor to Shooter in a Multi-Level Secure/Safe (MLS) Infrastructure

DTIC Science & Technology

2006-05-04

policy violation with respect to: Security Safety Financial Posture Infrastructure The IATF identifies five levels: V1: Negligible effect V2: Minimal...MLS) Infrastructure Step 2: Determine Threat Levels Best practices also in the IATF Threats are ranked by assessing: Capability Resources Motivation...Risk Willingness The IATF identifies seven levels: T1: Inadvertent or accidental events Tripping over a power cord T2: Minimal resources – willing to

CP violation in heavy MSSM Higgs scenarios

DOE PAGES

Carena, M.; Ellis, J.; Lee, J. S.; ...

2016-02-18

We introduce and explore new heavy Higgs scenarios in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with explicit CP violation, which have important phenomenological implications that may be testable at the LHC. For soft supersymmetry-breaking scales M S above a few TeV and a charged Higgs boson mass M H+ above a few hundred GeV, new physics effects including those from explicit CP violation decouple from the light Higgs boson sector. However, such effects can significantly alter the phenomenology of the heavy Higgs bosons while still being consistent with constraints from low-energy observables, for instance electric dipole moments. To consider scenariosmore » with a charged Higgs boson much heavier than the Standard Model (SM) particles but much lighter than the supersymmetric particles, we revisit previous calculations of the MSSM Higgs sector. We compute the Higgs boson masses in the presence of CP violating phases, implementing improved matching and renormalization-group (RG) effects, as well as two-loop RG effects from the effective two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) scale M H± to the scale M S. Here, we illustrate the possibility of non-decoupling CP-violating effects in the heavy Higgs sector using new benchmark scenarios named.« less

CP violation in heavy MSSM Higgs scenarios

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carena, M.; Ellis, J.; Lee, J. S.

We introduce and explore new heavy Higgs scenarios in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with explicit CP violation, which have important phenomenological implications that may be testable at the LHC. For soft supersymmetry-breaking scales M S above a few TeV and a charged Higgs boson mass M H+ above a few hundred GeV, new physics effects including those from explicit CP violation decouple from the light Higgs boson sector. However, such effects can significantly alter the phenomenology of the heavy Higgs bosons while still being consistent with constraints from low-energy observables, for instance electric dipole moments. To consider scenariosmore » with a charged Higgs boson much heavier than the Standard Model (SM) particles but much lighter than the supersymmetric particles, we revisit previous calculations of the MSSM Higgs sector. We compute the Higgs boson masses in the presence of CP violating phases, implementing improved matching and renormalization-group (RG) effects, as well as two-loop RG effects from the effective two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) scale M H± to the scale M S. Here, we illustrate the possibility of non-decoupling CP-violating effects in the heavy Higgs sector using new benchmark scenarios named.« less

Lorentz and CPT Tests with Atoms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vargas Silva, Arnaldo J.

The prospects for using atomic-spectroscopy experiments to test Lorentz and CPT symmetry are investigated. Phenomenological models for Lorentz violation studied in this work include ones with contributions from all quadratic operators for a Dirac fermion in the Lagrange density of the Standard-Model Extension (SME), without restriction on the operator mass dimension. The systems considered include atoms composed of conventional matter, antimatter, and second-generation particles. Generic expressions for the Lorentz-violating energy shifts applicable to a broad range of atomic transitions are obtained. Signals for Lorentz violation that can in principle be studied in spectroscopic experiments are identified from the theoretical corrections to the spectrum. Some of these signals include sidereal and annual variations of atomic transition frequencies measured in a laboratory on the surface of the Earth. Other possibilities include effects produced by changing the orientation of the applied magnetic field or by realizing space-based experiments. Discrepancies in the experimental values for fundamental constants and energy levels based on self-consistent predictions from the Standard Model also offer potential signals for Lorentz violation. The sensitivities of different experiments to distinct sets of coefficients for Lorentz violation are considered. Using atoms composed of different particle species allows measurements of coefficients for Lorentz violation in different fermion sectors of the SME. Experiments comparing hydrogen and antihydrogen can discriminate between coefficients for Lorentz violation that are associated with CPT-odd or CPT-even operators. Additionally, certain systems and transitions are more sensitive to nonminimal operators, while others are particularly sensitive to minimal ones.

Chiral superparticle and the full set of (1,0) supergravity constraints

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deriglazov, A.A.

1993-03-10

The author presents BFV quantization of manifestly Lorentz-covariant chiral particle action. Lagrangians for (1,1), (1,0), (0,1) chiral superparticles (CSP) invariant under the local Siegel-type transformations are considered; the mechanism of closing of local Siegel k-symmetry algebra in Lagrangian formulation for the (1,0) CSP is suggested. The full set of (1,0) supergravity constraints is obtained from the requirement of preserving local symmetries in a curved background. The possibility of extending the results to D = 10 case is discussed.

Counting supersymmetric branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kleinschmidt, Axel

2011-10-01

Maximal supergravity solutions are revisited and classified, with particular emphasis on objects of co-dimension at most two. This class of solutions includes branes whose tension scales with xxxx. We present a group theory derivation of the counting of these objects based on the corresponding tensor hierarchies derived from E 11 and discrete T- and U-duality transformations. This provides a rationale for the wrapping rules that were recently discussed for σ ≤ 3 in the literature and extends them. Explicit supergravity solutions that give rise to co-dimension two branes are constructed and analysed.

de Sitter space from dilatino condensates in massive IIA supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Souères, Bertrand; Tsimpis, Dimitrios

2018-02-01

We use the superspace formulation of (massive) IIA supergravity to obtain the explicit form of the dilatino terms, and we find that the quartic-dilatino term is positive. The theory admits a ten-dimensional de Sitter solution, obtained by assuming a nonvanishing quartic-dilatino condensate which generates a positive cosmological constant. Moreover, in the presence of dilatino condensates, the theory admits formal four-dimensional de Sitter solutions of the form d S4×M6, where M6 is a six-dimensional Kähler-Einstein manifold of positive scalar curvature.

The axion mass in modular invariant supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Butter, Daniel; Gaillard, Mary K.

2005-02-09

When supersymmetry is broken by condensates with a single condensing gauge group, there is a nonanomalous R-symmetry that prevents the universal axion from acquiring a mass. It has been argued that, in the context of supergravity, higher dimension operators will break this symmetry and may generate an axion mass too large to allow the identification of the universal axion with the QCD axion. We show that such contributions to the axion mass are highly suppressed in a class of models where the effective Lagrangian for gaugino and matter condensation respects modular invariance (T-duality).

Blueprints of the no-scale multiverse at the LHC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tianjun; Maxin, James A.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; Walker, Joel W.

2011-09-01

We present a contemporary perspective on the String Landscape and the Multiverse of plausible string, M- and F-theory vacua. In contrast to traditional statistical classifications and capitulation to the anthropic principle, we seek only to demonstrate the existence of a nonzero probability for a universe matching our own observed physics within the solution ensemble. We argue for the importance of No-Scale Supergravity as an essential common underpinning for the spontaneous emergence of a cosmologically flat universe from the quantum “nothingness.” Concretely, we continue to probe the phenomenology of a specific model which is testable at the LHC and Tevatron. Dubbed No-Scale F-SU(5), it represents the intersection of the Flipped SU(5) Grand Unified Theory (GUT) with extra TeV-Scale vectorlike multiplets derived out of F-theory, and the dynamics of No-Scale Supergravity, which in turn imply a very restricted set of high-energy boundary conditions. By secondarily minimizing the minimum of the scalar Higgs potential, we dynamically determine the ratio tan⁡β≃15-20 of up- to down-type Higgs vacuum expectation values (VEVs), the universal gaugino boundary mass M1/2≃450GeV, and, consequently, also the total magnitude of the GUT-scale Higgs VEVs, while constraining the low-energy standard model gauge couplings. In particular, this local minimum minimorum lies within the previously described “golden strip,” satisfying all current experimental constraints. We emphasize, however, that the overarching goal is not to establish why our own particular universe possesses any number of specific characteristics, but rather to tease out what generic principles might govern the superset of all possible universes.

Low-mass neutralino dark matter in supergravity scenarios: phenomenology and naturalness

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peiró, M.; Robles, S., E-mail: mpeirogarcia@gmail.com, E-mail: sandra.robles@uam.es

2017-05-01

The latest experimental results from the LHC and dark matter (DM) searches suggest that the parameter space allowed in supersymmetric theories is subject to strong reductions. These bounds are especially constraining for scenarios entailing light DM particles. Previous studies have shown that light neutralino DM in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), with parameters defined at the electroweak scale, is still viable when the low energy spectrum of the model features light sleptons, in which case, the relic density constraint can be fulfilled. In view of this, we have investigated the viability of light neutralinos as DM candidates in themore » MSSM, with parameters defined at the grand unification scale. We have analysed the optimal choices of non-universalities in the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters for both, gauginos and scalars, in order to avoid the stringent experimental constraints. We show that light neutralinos, with a mass as low as 25 GeV, are viable in supergravity scenarios if the gaugino mass parameters at high energy are very non universal, while the scalar masses can remain of the same order. These scenarios typically predict a very small cross section of neutralinos off protons and neutrons, thereby being very challenging for direct detection experiments. However, a potential detection of smuons and selectrons at the LHC, together with a hypothetical discovery of a gamma-ray signal from neutralino annihilations in dwarf spheroidal galaxies could shed light on this kind of solutions. Finally, we have investigated the naturalness of these scenarios, taking into account all the potential sources of tuning. Besides the electroweak fine-tuning, we have found that the tuning to reproduce the correct DM relic abundance and that to match the measured Higgs mass can also be important when estimating the total degree of naturalness.« less

Low-mass neutralino dark matter in supergravity scenarios: phenomenology and naturalness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peiró, M.; Robles, S.

2017-05-01

The latest experimental results from the LHC and dark matter (DM) searches suggest that the parameter space allowed in supersymmetric theories is subject to strong reductions. These bounds are especially constraining for scenarios entailing light DM particles. Previous studies have shown that light neutralino DM in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), with parameters defined at the electroweak scale, is still viable when the low energy spectrum of the model features light sleptons, in which case, the relic density constraint can be fulfilled. In view of this, we have investigated the viability of light neutralinos as DM candidates in the MSSM, with parameters defined at the grand unification scale. We have analysed the optimal choices of non-universalities in the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters for both, gauginos and scalars, in order to avoid the stringent experimental constraints. We show that light neutralinos, with a mass as low as 25 GeV, are viable in supergravity scenarios if the gaugino mass parameters at high energy are very non universal, while the scalar masses can remain of the same order. These scenarios typically predict a very small cross section of neutralinos off protons and neutrons, thereby being very challenging for direct detection experiments. However, a potential detection of smuons and selectrons at the LHC, together with a hypothetical discovery of a gamma-ray signal from neutralino annihilations in dwarf spheroidal galaxies could shed light on this kind of solutions. Finally, we have investigated the naturalness of these scenarios, taking into account all the potential sources of tuning. Besides the electroweak fine-tuning, we have found that the tuning to reproduce the correct DM relic abundance and that to match the measured Higgs mass can also be important when estimating the total degree of naturalness.

The Casimir effect in rugby-ball type flux compactifications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Minamitsuji, M.

2008-04-01

We discuss volume stabilization in a 6D braneworld model based on 6D supergravity theory. The internal space is compactified by magnetic flux and contains codimension two 3-branes (conical singularities) as its boundaries. In general the external 4D spacetime is warped and in the unwrapped limit the shape of the internal space looks like a 'rugby ball'. The size of the internal space is not fixed due to the scale invariance of the supergravity theory. We discuss the possibility of volume stabilization by the Casimir effect for a massless, minimally coupled bulk scalar field. The main obstacle in studying this case is that the brane (conical) part of the relevant heat kernel coefficient (a6) has not been formulated. Thus as a first step, we consider the 4D analog model with boundary codimension two 1-branes. The spacetime structure of the 4D model is very similar to that of the original 6D model, where now the relevant heat kernel coefficient is well known. We derive the one-loop effective potential induced by a scalar field in the bulk by employing zeta function regularization with heat kernel analysis. As a result, the volume is stabilized for most possible choices of the parameters. Especially, for a larger degree of warping, our results imply that a large hierarchy between the mass scales and a tiny amount of effective cosmological constant can be realized on the brane. In the non-warped limit the ratio tends to converge to the same value, independently of the bulk gauge coupling constant. Finally, we will analyze volume stabilization in the original model 6D by employing the same mode-sum technique.

American Academy of Pediatrics v. Lungren.

PubMed

1996-04-04

The California Supreme Court held that a state statute that requires unemancipated minors to obtain parental consent to abortion or to petition the juvenile court for permission to consent to that procedure (1) does not violate an unemancipated minor's right to privacy under the state constitution; (2) does not violate minors' rights to informational privacy; and (3) does not violate equal protection. The court reasoned that the privacy interests of an unemancipated minor are "qualitatively different" from those of an adult and therefore subject both to reasonable regulation by the state to an extent not permissible with adults and to control by the unemancipated minor's parents to an even greater extent. The court also determined that the required disclosure of medical information was minimal and necessary and that the statute does not discriminate on the basis of the unemancipated minor's reproductive choice.

A new device-independent dimension witness and its experimental implementation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cai, Yu; Bancal, Jean-Daniel; Romero, Jacquiline; Scarani, Valerio

2016-07-01

A dimension witness is a criterion that sets a lower bound on the dimension needed to reproduce the observed data. Three types of dimension witnesses can be found in the literature: device-dependent ones, in which the bound is obtained assuming some knowledge on the state and the measurements; device-independent prepare-and-measure ones, that can be applied to any system including classical ones; and device-independent Bell-based ones, that certify the minimal dimension of some entangled systems. Here we consider the Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu Bell-type inequality for four outcomes. We show that a sufficiently high violation of this inequality witnesses d≥slant 4 and present a proof-of-principle experimental observation of such a violation. This presents a first experimental violation of the third type of dimension witness beyond qutrits.

Dark matter, proton decay and other phenomenological constraints in F-SU(5)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tianjun; Maxin, James A.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; Walker, Joel W.

2011-07-01

We study gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking in F-SU(5) and its low-energy supersymmetric phenomenology. The gaugino masses are not unified at the traditional grand unification scale, but we nonetheless have the same one-loop gaugino mass relation at the electroweak scale as minimal supergravity (mSUGRA). We introduce parameters testable at the colliders to measure the small second loop deviation from the mSUGRA gaugino mass relation at the electroweak scale. In the minimal SU(5) model with gravity mediated supersymmetry breaking, we show that the deviations from the mSUGRA gaugino mass relations are within 5%. However, in F-SU(5), we predict the deviations from the mSUGRA gaugino mass relations to be larger due to the presence of vector-like particles, which can be tested at the colliders. We determine the viable parameter space that satisfies all the latest experimental constraints and find it is consistent with the CDMS II experiment. Further, we compute the cross-sections of neutralino annihilations into gamma-rays and compare to the first published Fermi-LAT measurement. Finally, the corresponding range of proton lifetime predictions is calculated and found to be within reach of the future Hyper-Kamiokande and DUSEL experiments.

Tuned and non-Higgsable U(1)s in F-theory

DOE PAGES

Wang, Yi-Nan

2017-03-01

We study the tuning of U(1) gauge fields in F-theory models on a base of general dimension. We construct a formula that computes the change in Weierstrass moduli when such a U(1) is tuned, based on the Morrison-Park form of a Weierstrass model with an additional rational section. Using this formula, we propose the form of “minimal tuning” on any base, which corresponds to the case where the decrease in the number of Weierstrass moduli is minimal. Applying this result, we discover some universal features of bases with non-Higgsable U(1)s. Mathematically, a generic elliptic fibration over such a base hasmore » additional rational sections. Physically, this condition implies the existence of U(1) gauge group in the low-energy supergravity theory after compactification that cannot be Higgsed away. In particular, we show that the elliptic Calabi-Yau manifold over such a base has a small number of complex structure moduli. We also suggest that non-Higgsable U(1)s can never appear on any toric bases. Finally, we construct the first example of a threefold base with non-Higgsable U(1)s.« less

ΔF=2 Processes in the Mssm in Large tan β Limit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosiek, Janusz

2002-03-01

We discuss corrections to ΔMBd, ΔMBs and to the CP violation parameter ɛ in two examples of (generalized) minimal flavour violation models: 2HDM and MSSM in the large tan β limit. We show that for H+ not too heavy, ΔMBs in the MSSM with heavy sparticles can be substantially smaller than in the SM due the charged Higgs box contributions and in particular due to the growing like tan4 β contribution of the double penguin diagrams involving neutral Higgs boson exchanges.

Quasiperiodic oscillation and possible Second Law violation in a nanosystem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Quick, R.; Singharoy, A.; Ortoleva, P.

2013-05-01

Simulation of a virus-like particle reveals persistent oscillation about a free-energy minimizing structure. For an icosahedral structure of 12 human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 protein pentamers, the period is about 70 picoseconds and has amplitude of about 4 Å at 300 K and pH 7. The pentamers move radially and out-of-phase with their neighbors. As temperature increases the amplitude and period decrease. Since the dynamics are shown to be friction-dominated and free-energy driven, the oscillations are noninertial. These anomalous oscillations are an apparent violation of the Second Law mediated by fluctuations accompanying nanosystem behavior.

On the flavor structure of natural composite Higgs models & top flavor violation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Azatov, Aleksandr; Panico, Giuliano; Perez, Gilad; Soreq, Yotam

2014-12-01

We explore the up flavor structure of composite pseudo Nambu-Goldstone-boson Higgs models, where we focus on the flavor anarchic minimal SO(5) case. We identify the different sources of flavor violation in this framework and emphasise the differences from the anarchic Randall-Sundrum scenario. In particular, the fact that the flavor symmetry does not commute with the symmetries that stabilize the Higgs potential may constrain the flavor structure of the theory. In addition, we consider the interplay between the fine tuning of the model and flavor violation. We find that generically the tuning of this class of models is worsen in the anarchic case due to the contributions from the additional fermion resonances. We show that, even in the presence of custodial symmetry, large top flavor violating rate are naturally expected. In particular, t → cZ branching ratio of order of 10-5 is generic for this class of models. Thus, this framework can be tested in the next run of the LHC as well as in other future colliders. We also find that the top flavor violation is weakly correlated with the increase amount of fine tuning. Finally, other related flavor violation effects, such as t → ch and in the D system, are found to be too small to be observed by the current and near future colliders.

Gauged supergravities from M-theory reductions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Katmadas, Stefanos; Tomasiello, Alessandro

2018-04-01

In supergravity compactifications, there is in general no clear prescription on how to select a finite-dimensional family of metrics on the internal space, and a family of forms on which to expand the various potentials, such that the lower-dimensional effective theory is supersymmetric. We propose a finite-dimensional family of deformations for regular Sasaki-Einstein seven-manifolds M 7, relevant for M-theory compactifications down to four dimensions. It consists of integrable Cauchy-Riemann structures, corresponding to complex deformations of the Calabi-Yau cone M 8 over M 7. The non-harmonic forms we propose are the ones contained in one of the Kohn-Rossi cohomology groups, which is finite-dimensional and naturally controls the deformations of Cauchy-Riemann structures. The same family of deformations can be also described in terms of twisted cohomology of the base M 6, or in terms of Milnor cycles arising in deformations of M 8. Using existing results on SU(3) structure compactifications, we briefly discuss the reduction of M-theory on our class of deformed Sasaki-Einstein manifolds to four-dimensional gauged supergravity.

BFV-BRST quantization of two-dimensional supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fujiwara, T.; Igarashi, Y.; Kuriki, R.; Tabei, T.

1996-01-01

Two-dimensional supergravity theory is quantized as an anomalous gauge theory. In the Batalin-Fradkin (BF) formalism, the anomaly-canceling super-Liouville fields are introduced to identify the original second-class constrained system with a gauge-fixed version of a first-class system. The BFV-BRST quantization applies to formulate the theory in the most general class of gauges. A local effective action constructed in the configuration space contains two super-Liouville actions; one is a noncovariant but local functional written only in terms of two-dimensional supergravity fields, and the other contains the super-Liouville fields canceling the super-Weyl anomaly. Auxiliary fields for the Liouville and the gravity supermultiplets are introduced to make the BRST algebra close off-shell. Inclusion of them turns out to be essentially important especially in the super-light-cone gauge fixing, where the supercurvature equations (∂3-g++=∂2-χ++=0) are obtained as a result of BRST invariance of the theory. Our approach reveals the origin of the OSp(1,2) current algebra symmetry in a transparent manner.

Eliminating the η-problem in SUGRA hybrid inflation with vector backreaction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dimopoulos, Konstantinos; Wagstaff, Jacques M.; Lazarides, George, E-mail: k.dimopoulos1@lancaster.ac.uk, E-mail: lazaride@eng.auth.gr, E-mail: j.wagstaff@lancaster.ac.uk

2012-02-01

It is shown that, when the inflaton field modulates the gauge kinetic function of the gauge fields in supergravity realisations of inflation, the dynamic backreaction leads to a new inflationary attractor solution, in which the inflaton's variation suffers additional impedance. As a result, slow-roll inflation can naturally occur along directions of the scalar potential which would be too steep and curved to support it otherwise. This provides a generic solution to the infamous eta-problem of inflation in supergravity. Moreover, it is shown that, in the new inflationary attractor, the spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is kept mildly redmore » despite eta of order unity. The above findings are applied to a model of hybrid inflation in supergravity with a generic Kähler potential. The spectral index of the generated curvature perturbations is found to be 0.97–0.98, in excellent agreement with observations. The gauge field can play the role of the vector curvaton after inflation but observable statistical anisotropy requires substantial tuning of the gauge coupling.« less

How to Remedy the η-problem of SUSY GUT hybrid inflation via vector backreaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazarides, George

2012-07-01

It is shown that, in supergravity models of inflation where the gauge kinetic function of a gauge field is modulated by the inflaton, we can obtain a new inflationary attractor solution, in which the roll-over of the inflaton suffers additional impedance due to the vector field backreaction. As a result, directions of the scalar potential which, due to strong Kähler corrections, become too steep and curved to normally support slow-roll inflation can now naturally do so. This solves the infamous η problem of inflation in supergravity and also keeps the spectral index of the curvature perturbation mildly red despite η of order unity. This mechanism is applied to a model of hybrid inflation in supergravity with a generic Kähler potential. The spectral index of the curvature perturbation is found to be 0.97 - 0.98, in excellent agreement with data. The gauge field can act as vector curvaton generating statistical anisotropy in the curvature perturbation. However, this anisotropy could be possibly observable only if the gauge coupling constant is unnaturally small.

Spontaneous SUSY breaking without R symmetry in supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maekawa, Nobuhiro; Omura, Yuji; Shigekami, Yoshihiro; Yoshida, Manabu

2018-03-01

We discuss spontaneous supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking in a model with an anomalous U (1 )A symmetry. In this model, the size of the each term in the superpotential is controlled by the U (1 )A charge assignment and SUSY is spontaneously broken via the Fayet-Iliopoulos of U (1 )A at the metastable vacuum. In the global SUSY analysis, the gaugino masses become much smaller than the sfermion masses, because an approximate R symmetry appears at the SUSY breaking vacuum. In this paper, we show that gaugino masses can be as large as gravitino mass, taking the supergravity effect into consideration. This is because the R symmetry is not imposed so that the constant term in the superpotential, which is irrelevant to the global SUSY analysis, largely contributes to the soft SUSY breaking terms in the supergravity. As the mediation mechanism, we introduce the contributions of the field not charged under U (1 )A and the moduli field to cancel the anomaly of U (1 )A. We comment on the application of our SUSY breaking scenario to the grand unified theory.

Present and future K and B meson mixing constraints on TeV scale left-right symmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bertolini, Stefano; Maiezza, Alessio; Nesti, Fabrizio

2014-05-01

We revisit the ΔF=2 transitions in the K and Bd ,s neutral meson systems in the context of the minimal left-right symmetric model. We take into account, in addition to up-to-date phenomenological data, the contributions related to the renormalization of the flavor-changing neutral Higgs tree-level amplitude. These contributions were neglected in recent discussions, albeit formally needed in order to obtain a gauge-independent result. Their impact on the minimal LR model is crucial and twofold. First, the effects are relevant in B meson oscillations, for both CP conserving and CP violating observables, so that for the first time these imply constraints on the LR scenario which compete with those of the K sector (plagued by long-distance uncertainties). Second, they sizably contribute to the indirect kaon CP violation parameter ɛ. We discuss the bounds from B and K mesons in both cases of LR symmetry: generalized parity (P) and charge conjugation (C). In the case of P, the interplay between the CP-violation parameters ɛ and ɛ' leads us to rule out the regime of very hierarchical bidoublet vacuum expectation values v2/v1

Third generation sfermion decays into Z and W gauge bosons: Full one-loop analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Arhrib, Abdesslam; LPHEA, Departement de Physique, Faculte des Sciences-Semlalia, B.P. 2390 Marrakech; Benbrik, Rachid

2005-05-01

The complete one-loop radiative corrections to third-generation scalar fermions into gauge bosons Z and W{sup {+-}} is considered. We focus on f-tilde{sub 2}{yields}Zf-tilde{sub 1} and f-tilde{sub i}{yields}W{sup {+-}}f-tilde{sub j}{sup '}, f,f{sup '}=t,b. We include SUSY-QCD, QED, and full electroweak corrections. It is found that the electroweak corrections can be of the same order as the SUSY-QCD corrections. The two sets of corrections interfere destructively in some region of parameter space. The full one-loop correction can reach 10% in some supergravity scenario, while in model independent analysis like general the minimal supersymmetric standard model, the one-loop correction can reach 20% formore » large tan{beta} and large trilinear soft breaking terms A{sub b}.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ellis, John; Evans, Jason L.; Nagata, Natsumi

We reconsider the minimal SU( 5) grand unified theory (GUT) in the context of no-scale supergravity inspired by string compactification scenarios, assuming that the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters satisfy universality conditions at some input scale M in above the GUT scale M GUT. When setting up such a no-scale super-GUT model, special attention must be paid to avoiding the Scylla of rapid proton decay and the Charybdis of an excessive density of cold dark matter, while also having an acceptable mass for the Higgs boson. Furthermore, we do not find consistent solutions if none of the matter and Higgs fields aremore » assigned to twisted chiral supermultiplets, even in the presence of Giudice–Masiero terms. But, consistent solutions may be found if at least one fiveplet of GUT Higgs fields is assigned to a twisted chiral supermultiplet, with a suitable choice of modular weights. Spin-independent dark matter scattering may be detectable in some of these consistent solutions.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliev, Alikram N., E-mail: alikram.n.aliev@gmail.com

We examine the black hole bomb model which consists of a rotating black hole of five-dimenensional minimal ungauged supergravity and a reflecting mirror around it. For low-frequency scalar perturbations, we find solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation in the near-horizon and far regions of the black hole spacetime. To avoid solutions with logarithmic terms, we assume that the orbital quantum number l takes on nearly, but not exactly, integer values and perform the matching of these solutions in an intermediate region. This allows us to calculate analytically the frequency spectrum of quasinormal modes, taking the limits as l approaches even ormore » odd integers separately. We find that all l modes of scalar perturbations undergo negative damping in the regime of superradiance, resulting in exponential growth of their amplitudes. Thus, the model under consideration would exhibit the superradiant instability, eventually behaving as a black hole bomb in five dimensions.« less

Tests of local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity in the standard model extension with pulsars.

PubMed

Shao, Lijing

2014-03-21

The standard model extension is an effective field theory introducing all possible Lorentz-violating (LV) operators to the standard model and general relativity (GR). In the pure-gravity sector of minimal standard model extension, nine coefficients describe dominant observable deviations from GR. We systematically implemented 27 tests from 13 pulsar systems to tightly constrain eight linear combinations of these coefficients with extensive Monte Carlo simulations. It constitutes the first detailed and systematic test of the pure-gravity sector of minimal standard model extension with the state-of-the-art pulsar observations. No deviation from GR was detected. The limits of LV coefficients are expressed in the canonical Sun-centered celestial-equatorial frame for the convenience of further studies. They are all improved by significant factors of tens to hundreds with existing ones. As a consequence, Einstein's equivalence principle is verified substantially further by pulsar experiments in terms of local Lorentz invariance in gravity.

Marginal deformations of heterotic G 2 sigma models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fiset, Marc-Antoine; Quigley, Callum; Svanes, Eirik Eik

2018-02-01

Recently, the infinitesimal moduli space of heterotic G 2 compactifications was described in supergravity and related to the cohomology of a target space differential. In this paper we identify the marginal deformations of the corresponding heterotic nonlinear sigma model with cohomology classes of a worldsheet BRST operator. This BRST operator is nilpotent if and only if the target space geometry satisfies the heterotic supersymmetry conditions. We relate this to the supergravity approach by showing that the corresponding cohomologies are indeed isomorphic. We work at tree-level in α' perturbation theory and study general geometries, in particular with non-vanishing torsion.

Supergravitational conformal Galileons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deen, Rehan; Ovrut, Burt

2017-08-01

The worldvolume actions of 3+1 dimensional bosonic branes embedded in a five-dimensional bulk space can lead to important effective field theories, such as the DBI conformal Galileons, and may, when the Null Energy Condition is violated, play an essential role in cosmological theories of the early universe. These include Galileon Genesis and "bouncing" cosmology, where a pre-Big Bang contracting phase bounces smoothly to the presently observed expanding universe. Perhaps the most natural arena for such branes to arise is within the context of superstring and M -theory vacua. Here, not only are branes required for the consistency of the theory, but, in many cases, the exact spectrum of particle physics occurs at low energy. However, such theories have the additional constraint that they must be N = 1 supersymmetric. This motivates us to compute the worldvolume actions of N = 1 supersymmetric three-branes, first in flat superspace and then to generalize them to N = 1 supergravitation. In this paper, for simplicity, we begin the process, not within the context of a superstring vacuum but, rather, for the conformal Galileons arising on a co-dimension one brane embedded in a maximally symmetric AdS 5 bulk space. We proceed to N = 1 supersymmetrize the associated worldvolume theory and then generalize the results to N = 1 supergravity, opening the door to possible new cosmological scenarios

Beyond AdS Space-times, New Holographic Correspondences and Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ghodrati, Mahdis

The AdS/CFT correspondence conjectures a mathematical equivalence between string theories and gauge theories. In a particular limit it allows a description of strongly coupled conformal field theory via weakly coupled gravity. This feature has been used to gain insight into many condensed matter (CM) systems. However, to apply the duality in more physical scenarios, one needs to go beyond the usual AdS/CFT framework and extend the duality to non-AdS situations. To describe Lifshitz and hyperscaling violating (HSV) phenomena in CM one uses gauge fields on the gravity side which naturally realize the breaking of Lorentz invariance. These gravity constructions often contain naked singularities. In this thesis, we construct a resolution of the infra-red (IR) singularity of the HSV background. The idea is to add squared curvature terms to the Einstein-Maxwell dilaton action to build a flow from AdS4 in the ultra violate (UV) to an intermediating HSV region and then to an AdS2 x R 2 region in the IR. This general solution is free from the naked singularities and would be more appropriate for applications of HSV in physical systems. We also study the Schwinger effect by using the AdS/CFT duality. We present the phase diagrams of the Schwinger effect and also the "butterfly shaped-phase diagrams" of the entanglement entropy for four different confining supergravity backgrounds. Comparing different features of all of these diagrams could point out to a potential relation between the Schwinger effect and the entanglement entropy which could lead to a method of measuring entanglement entropy in the laboratory. Finally, we study the "new massive gravity" theory and the different black hole solutions it admits. We first present three different methods of calculating the conserved charges. Then, by calculating the on-shell Gibbs free energy we construct the Hawking-Page phase diagrams for different solutions in two thermodynamical ensembles. As the massive gravity models are dual to dissipating systems, studying the Hawking-Page diagrams could point out to interesting results for the confinement-deconfinement phase transitions of the dual boundary theories. So this thesis discusses various generalizations of the AdS/CFT correspondence of relevance for cases which violate Lorentz symmetry.

Operating manual-based usability evaluation of medical devices: an effective patient safety screening method.

PubMed

Turley, James P; Johnson, Todd R; Smith, Danielle Paige; Zhang, Jaijie; Brixey, Juliana J

2006-04-01

Use of medical devices often directly contributes to medical errors. Because it is difficult or impossible to change the design of existing devices, the best opportunity for improving medical device safety is during the purchasing process. However, most hospital personnel are not familiar with the usability evaluation methods designed to identify aspects of a user interface that do not support intuitive and safe use. A review of medical device operating manuals is proposed as a more practical method of usability evaluation. Operating manuals for five volumetric infusion pumps from three manufacturers were selected for this study (January-April 2003). Each manual's safety message content was evaluated to determine whether the message indicated a device design characteristic that violated known usability principles (heuristics) or indicated a violation of an affordance of the device. "Minimize memory load," with 65 violations, was the heuristic violated most frequently across pumps. Variations between pumps, including the frequency and severity of violations for each, were noted. Results suggest that manual review can provide a proxy for heuristic evaluation of the actual medical device. This method, intended to be a component of prepurchasing evaluation, can complement more formal usability evaluation methods and be used to select a subset of devices for more extensive and formal testing.

New two-loop contributions to hadronic EDMs in the MSSM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hisano, Junji; Nagai, Minoru; Paradisi, Paride

2006-11-01

Flavor-changing terms with CP-violating phases in the quark sector may contribute to the hadronic electric dipole moments (EDMs). However, within the Standard Model (SM), the source of CP violation comes from the unique CKM phase, and it turns out that the EDMs are strongly suppressed. This implies that the EDMs are very sensitive to non-minimal flavor violation structures of theories beyond the SM. In this Letter, we discuss the quark EDMs and CEDMs (chromoelectric dipole moments) in the MSSM with general flavor-changing terms in the squark mass matrices. In particular, the charged-Higgs mediated contributions to the down-quark EDM and CEDM are evaluated at two-loop level. We point out that these two-loop contributions may dominate over the one-loop induced gluino or higgsino contributions even when the squark and gluino masses are around few TeV and tanβ is moderate.

Short-Term State Forecasting-Based Optimal Voltage Regulation in Distribution Systems: Preprint

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, Rui; Jiang, Huaiguang; Zhang, Yingchen

2017-05-17

A novel short-term state forecasting-based optimal power flow (OPF) approach for distribution system voltage regulation is proposed in this paper. An extreme learning machine (ELM) based state forecaster is developed to accurately predict system states (voltage magnitudes and angles) in the near future. Based on the forecast system states, a dynamically weighted three-phase AC OPF problem is formulated to minimize the voltage violations with higher penalization on buses which are forecast to have higher voltage violations in the near future. By solving the proposed OPF problem, the controllable resources in the system are optimally coordinated to alleviate the potential severemore » voltage violations and improve the overall voltage profile. The proposed approach has been tested in a 12-bus distribution system and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.« less

40 CFR 31.20 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... management systems. (a) A State must expand and account for grant funds in accordance with State laws and... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems... records, contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the...

45 CFR 2541.200 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Standards for financial management systems. 2541... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems..., contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the time...

40 CFR 31.20 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... management systems. (a) A State must expand and account for grant funds in accordance with State laws and... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems... records, contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the...

45 CFR 2541.200 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Standards for financial management systems. 2541... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems..., contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the time...

45 CFR 2541.200 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Standards for financial management systems. 2541... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems..., contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the time...

40 CFR 31.20 - Standards for financial management systems.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... management systems. (a) A State must expand and account for grant funds in accordance with State laws and... violation of the restrictions and prohibitions of applicable statutes. (b) The financial management systems... records, contract and subgrant award documents, etc. (7) Cash management. Procedures for minimizing the...

Staff Layoffs and Terminations--Managing the Risks.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Michaelson, Martin; White, Lawrence

This paper reviews legal risks associated with staff layoffs at institutions of higher education and methods for managing those risks and describes planning steps designed to minimize institutional legal exposure. Legal risks include claims of breach of contract, discrimination, tortious conduct, and violation of labor laws, collective bargaining…

Safety Is No Laughing Matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hill, Patricia S.; Greco, Thomas G.

1995-12-01

At the beginning of each fall semester the chemistry department holds a safety seminar for all beginning chemistry students and student laboratory assistants to emphasize safe laboratory practices. As part of the program, two faculty members have presented a light-hearted skit which highlights numerous safety violations made by two general chemistry "students" as they carry out a titration lab. The audience is challenged to participate in a contest to identify the violations and the student with the most correct safety errors receives a prize. The skit can be carried out with minimal props and preparation time and script for the skit is presented for your use.

Precision holography for N={2}^{\\ast } on S 4 from type IIB supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bobev, Nikolay; Gautason, Friðrik Freyr; van Muiden, Jesse

2018-04-01

We find a new supersymmetric solution of type IIB supergravity which is holographically dual to the planar limit of the four-dimensional N={2}^{\\ast } supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on S 4. We study a probe fundamental string in this background which is dual to a supersymmetric Wilson loop in the N={2}^{\\ast } theory. Using holography we calculate the expectation value of this line operator to leading order in the 't Hooft coupling. The result is a non-trivial function of the mass parameter of the N={2}^{\\ast } theory that precisely matches the result from supersymmetric localization.

Quantum Field Theories Coupled to Supergravity: AdS/CFT and Local Couplings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Große, Johannes

2007-11-01

This article is based on my PhD thesis and covers the following topics: Holographic meson spectra in a dilaton flow background, the mixed Coulomb-Higgs branch in terms of instantons on D7 branes, and a dual description of heavy-light mesons. Moreover, in a second part the conformal anomaly of four dimensional supersymmetric quantum field theories coupled to classical N=1 supergravity is explored in a superfield formulation. The complete basis for the anomaly and consistency conditions, which arise from cohomological considerations, are given. Possible implications for an extension of Zamolodchikov's c-theorem to four dimensional supersymmetric quantum field theories are discussed.

Supergravity inflation free from harmful relics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greene, Patrick B.; Kadota, Kenji; Murayama, Hitoshi

2003-08-01

We present a realistic supergravity inflation model that is free from the overproduction of potentially dangerous relics in cosmology, namely, moduli and gravitinos, which can lead to inconsistencies with the predictions of baryon asymmetry and nucleosynthesis. The radiative correction turns out to play a crucial role in our analysis, raising the mass of the supersymmetry breaking field to an intermediate scale. We pay particular attention to the nonthermal production of gravitinos using the nonminimal Kähler potential we obtained from loop correction. This nonthermal gravitino production is diminished, however, because of the relatively small scale of the inflaton mass and the small amplitudes of the hidden sector fields.

BFV-BRST quantization of two-dimensional supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fujiwara, T.; Igarashi, Y.; Kuriki, R.

1996-01-01

Two-dimensional supergravity theory is quantized as an anomalous gauge theory. In the Batalin-Fradkin (BF) formalism, the anomaly-canceling super-Liouville fields are introduced to identify the original second-class constrained system with a gauge-fixed version of a first-class system. The BFV-BRST quantization applies to formulate the theory in the most general class of gauges. A local effective action constructed in the configuration space contains two super-Liouville actions; one is a noncovariant but local functional written only in terms of two-dimensional supergravity fields, and the other contains the super-Liouville fields canceling the super-Weyl anomaly. Auxiliary fields for the Liouville and the gravity supermultiplets aremore » introduced to make the BRST algebra close off-shell. Inclusion of them turns out to be essentially important especially in the super-light-cone gauge fixing, where the supercurvature equations ({partial_derivative}{sup 3}{sub {minus}}{ital g}{sub +}{sub +}={partial_derivative}{sup 2}{sub {minus}}{chi}{sub +}{sub +}=0) are obtained as a result of BRST invariance of the theory. Our approach reveals the origin of the OSp(1,2) current algebra symmetry in a transparent manner. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}« less

Separation of Non-metallic Inclusions from a Fe-Al-O Melt Using a Super-Gravity Field

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Gaoyang; Song, Bo; Guo, Zhancheng; Yang, Yuhou; Song, Mingming

2018-02-01

An innovative method for separating non-metallic inclusions from a high temperature melt using super gravity was systematically investigated. To explore the separation behavior of inclusion particles with densities less than that of metal liquid under a super-gravity field, a Fe-Al-O melt containing Al2O3 particles was treated with different gravity coefficients. Al2O3 particles migrated rapidly towards the reverse direction of the super gravity and gathered in the upper region of the sample. It was hard to find any inclusion particles with sizes greater than 2 μm in the middle and bottom areas. Additionally, the oxygen content in the middle region of the sample could be reduced to 0.0022 mass pct and the maximum removal rate of the oxygen content reached 61.4 pct. The convection in the melt along the direction of the super gravity was not generated by the super-gravity field, and the fluid velocity in the molten melt consisted only of the rotating tangential velocity. Moreover, the motion behavior of the Al2O3 particles was approximatively determined by Stokes' law along the direction of super gravity.

Warped AdS 6 × S 2 in Type IIB supergravity III. Global solutions with seven-branes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

D'Hoker, Eric; Gutperle, Michael; Uhlemann, Christoph F.

2017-11-01

We extend our previous construction of global solutions to Type IIB super-gravity that are invariant under the superalgebra F(4) and are realized on a spacetime of the form AdS 6 × S 2 warped over a Riemann surface Σ by allowing the supergravity fields to have non-trivial SL(2, ℝ) monodromy at isolated punctures on Σ. We obtain explicit solutions for the case where Σ is a disc, and the monodromy generators are parabolic elements of SL(2, ℝ) physically corresponding to the monodromy allowed in Type IIB string theory. On the boundary of Σ the solutions exhibit singularities at isolated points which correspond to semi-infinite five-branes, as is familiar from the global solutions without monodromy. In the interior of Σ, the solutions are everywhere regular, except at the punctures where SL(2, ℝ) monodromy resides and which physically correspond to the locations of [ p, q] seven-branes. The solutions have a compelling physical interpretation corresponding to fully localized five-brane intersections with additional seven-branes, and provide candidate holographic duals to the five-dimensional superconformal field theories realized on such intersections.

Rescheduling with iterative repair

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zweben, Monte; Davis, Eugene; Daun, Brian; Deale, Michael

1992-01-01

This paper presents a new approach to rescheduling called constraint-based iterative repair. This approach gives our system the ability to satisfy domain constraints, address optimization concerns, minimize perturbation to the original schedule, and produce modified schedules quickly. The system begins with an initial, flawed schedule and then iteratively repairs constraint violations until a conflict-free schedule is produced. In an empirical demonstration, we vary the importance of minimizing perturbation and report how fast the system is able to resolve conflicts in a given time bound. These experiments were performed within the domain of Space Shuttle ground processing.

Exploring non-holomorphic soft terms in the framework of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chattopadhyay, Utpal; Das, Debottam; Mukherjee, Samadrita

2018-01-01

It is known that in the absence of a gauge singlet field, a specific class of supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking non-holomorphic (NH) terms can be soft breaking in nature so that they may be considered along with the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and beyond. There have been studies related to these terms in minimal supergravity based models. Consideration of an F-type SUSY breaking scenario in the hidden sector with two chiral superfields however showed Planck scale suppression of such terms. In an unbiased point of view for the sources of SUSY breaking, the NH terms in a phenomenological MSSM (pMSSM) type of analysis showed a possibility of a large SUSY contribution to muon g - 2, a reasonable amount of corrections to the Higgs boson mass and a drastic reduction of the electroweak fine-tuning for a higgsino dominated {\\tilde{χ}}_1^0 in some regions of parameter space. We first investigate here the effects of the NH terms in a low scale SUSY breaking scenario. In our analysis with minimal gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (mGMSB) we probe how far the results can be compared with the previous pMSSM plus NH terms based study. We particularly analyze the Higgs, stop and the electroweakino sectors focusing on a higgsino dominated {\\tilde{χ}}_1^0 and {\\tilde{χ}}_1^{± } , a feature typically different from what appears in mGMSB. The effect of a limited degree of RG evolutions and vanishing of the trilinear coupling terms at the messenger scale can be overcome by choosing a non-minimal GMSB scenario, such as one with a matter-messenger interaction.

Assessing the robustness of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis to assumption violations

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bromaghin, Jeffrey F.; Budge, Suzanne M.; Thiemann, Gregory W.; Rode, Karyn D.

2016-01-01

In most QFASA applications, investigators will generally have some knowledge of the prey available to predators and be able to assess the completeness of prey signature data and sample additional prey as necessary. Conversely, because calibration coefficients are derived from feeding trials with captive animals and their values may be sensitive to consumer physiology and nutritional status, their applicability to free-ranging animals is difficult to establish. We therefore recommend that investigators first make any improvements to the prey signature data that seem warranted and then base estimation on the Aitchison distance measure, as it appears to minimize risk from violations of the assumption that is most difficult to verify.

32 CFR 651.29 - Determining when to use a CX (screening criteria).

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... action has not been segmented to meet the definition of a CX. Segmentation can occur when an action is... action can be too narrowly defined, minimizing potential impacts in an effort to avoid a higher level of... formal Clean Air Act conformity determination is required. (8) Reasonable likelihood of violating any...

Minimizing bias in biomass allometry: Model selection and log transformation of data

Treesearch

Joseph Mascaro; undefined undefined; Flint Hughes; Amanda Uowolo; Stefan A. Schnitzer

2011-01-01

Nonlinear regression is increasingly used to develop allometric equations for forest biomass estimation (i.e., as opposed to the raditional approach of log-transformation followed by linear regression). Most statistical software packages, however, assume additive errors by default, violating a key assumption of allometric theory and possibly producing spurious models....

All-inside, physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not significantly compromise the physis in skeletally immature athletes: a postoperative physeal magnetic resonance imaging analysis.

PubMed

Nawabi, Danyal H; Jones, Kristofer J; Lurie, Brett; Potter, Hollis G; Green, Daniel W; Cordasco, Frank A

2014-12-01

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in skeletally immature patients can result in growth disturbance due to iatrogenic physeal injury. Multiple physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction techniques have been described; however, few combine the benefits of anatomic reconstruction using sockets without violation of the femoral or tibial physis. To utilize physeal-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify the zone of physeal injury after all-inside ACL reconstruction in skeletally immature athletes. Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Twenty-three skeletally immature patients (mean chronologic age 12.6 years; range, 10-15 years) were prospectively evaluated after all-inside ACL reconstruction. The mean bone age was 13.2 years. There were 8 females and 15 males. Fifteen patients underwent an all-epiphyseal (AE) ACL reconstruction and 8 patients had a partial transphyseal (PTP) ACL reconstruction, which spared the femoral physis but crossed the tibial physis. At 6 and 12 months postoperatively, MRI using 3-dimensional fat-suppressed spoiled gradient recalled echo sequences and full-length standing radiographs were performed to assess graft survival, growth arrest, physeal violation, angular deformity, and leg length discrepancy. The mean follow-up for this cohort was 18.5 months (range, 12-39 months). Minimal tibial physeal violation was seen in 10 of 15 patients in the AE group and, by definition, all patients in the PTP group. The mean area of tibial physeal disturbance (±SD) was 57.8 ± 52.2 mm(2) (mean 2.1% of total physeal area) in the AE group compared with 145.1 ± 100.6 mm(2) (mean 5.4% of total physeal area) in the PTP group (P = .003). Minimal compromise of the femoral physis (1.5%) was observed in 1 case in the PTP group and no cases in the AE group. No cases of growth arrest, articular surface violation, or avascular necrosis were noted on MRI. No postoperative angular deformities or significant leg length discrepancies were observed. The study data suggest that all-inside ACL reconstruction is a safe technique for skeletally immature athletes at short-term follow-up. Physeal-specific MRI reveals minimal growth plate compromise that is significantly lower than published thresholds for growth arrest. © 2014 The Author(s).

A bottom-up approach to the strong CP problem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diaz-Cruz, J. L.; Hollik, W. G.; Saldana-Salazar, U. J.

2018-05-01

The strong CP problem is one of many puzzles in the theoretical description of elementary particle physics that still lacks an explanation. While top-down solutions to that problem usually comprise new symmetries or fields or both, we want to present a rather bottom-up perspective. The main problem seems to be how to achieve small CP violation in the strong interactions despite the large CP violation in weak interactions. In this paper, we show that with minimal assumptions on the structure of mass (Yukawa) matrices, they do not contribute to the strong CP problem and thus we can provide a pathway to a solution of the strong CP problem within the structures of the Standard Model and no extension at the electroweak scale is needed. However, to address the flavor puzzle, models based on minimal SU(3) flavor groups leading to the proposed flavor matrices are favored. Though we refrain from an explicit UV completion of the Standard Model, we provide a simple requirement for such models not to show a strong CP problem by construction.

An application of almost marginal conditional stochastic dominance (AMCSD) on forming efficient portfolios

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Slamet, Isnandar; Mardiana Putri Carissa, Siska; Pratiwi, Hasih

2017-10-01

Investors always seek an efficient portfolio which is a portfolio that has a maximum return on specific risk or minimal risk on specific return. Almost marginal conditional stochastic dominance (AMCSD) criteria can be used to form the efficient portfolio. The aim of this research is to apply the AMCSD criteria to form an efficient portfolio of bank shares listed in the LQ-45. This criteria is used when there are areas that do not meet the criteria of marginal conditional stochastic dominance (MCSD). On the other words, this criteria can be derived from quotient of areas that violate the MCSD criteria with the area that violate and not violate the MCSD criteria. Based on the data bank stocks listed on LQ-45, it can be stated that there are 38 efficient portfolios of 420 portfolios where each portfolio comprises of 4 stocks and 315 efficient portfolios of 1710 portfolios with each of portfolio has 3 stocks.

Future sensitivity to new physics in Bd, Bs, and K mixings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Charles, Jérôme; Descotes-Genon, Sébastien; Ligeti, Zoltan; Monteil, Stéphane; Papucci, Michele; Trabelsi, Karim

2014-02-01

We estimate, in a large class of scenarios, the sensitivity to new physics in Bd and Bs mixings achievable with 50 ab-1 of Belle II and 50 fb-1 of LHCb data. We find that current limits on new physics contributions in both Bd ,s systems can be improved by a factor of ˜5 for all values of the CP-violating phases, corresponding to over a factor of 2 increase in the scale of new physics probed. Assuming the same suppressions by Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements as those of the standard model box diagrams, the scale probed will be about 20 TeV for tree-level new physics contributions, and about 2 TeV for new physics arising at one loop. We also explore the future sensitivity to new physics in K mixing. Implications for generic new physics and for various specific scenarios, such as minimal flavor violation, light third-generation dominated flavor violation, or U(2) flavor models are studied.

Unifying Type-II Strings by Exceptional Groups

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arvanitakis, Alex S.; Blair, Chris D. A.

2018-05-01

We construct the exceptional sigma model: a two-dimensional sigma model coupled to a supergravity background in a manifestly (formally) ED (D )-covariant manner. This formulation of the background is provided by exceptional field theory (EFT), which unites the metric and form fields of supergravity in ED (D ) multiplets before compactification. The realization of the symmetries of EFT on the world sheet uniquely fixes the Weyl-invariant Lagrangian and allows us to relate our action to the usual type-IIA fundamental string action and a form of the type-IIB (m , n ) action. This uniqueness "predicts" the correct form of the couplings to gauge fields in both Neveu-Schwarz and Ramond sectors, without invoking supersymmetry.

U(1){sub R} mediation from the flux compactification in six dimensions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, Hyun Min

We consider a supersymmetric completion of codimension-two branes with nonzero tension in a 6D gauged supergravity. As a consequence, we obtain the football solution with 4D Minkowski space as a new supersymmetric background that preserves 4D N = 1 SUSY. In the presence of brane multiplets, we derive the 4D effective supergravity action for the football background and show that the remaining modulus can be stabilized by a bulk non-perturbative correction with brane uplifting potentials at a zero vacuum energy. We find that the U(1){sub R} mediation can be a dominant source of SUSY breaking for a brane scalar withmore » nonzero R charge.« less

Does the first chaotic inflation model in supergravity provide the best fit to the Planck data?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Linde, Andrei

2015-02-23

I describe the first model of chaotic inflation in supergravity, which was proposed by Goncharov and the present author in 1983. The inflaton potential of this model has a plateau-type behavior V{sub 0}(1−(8/3) e{sup −√6|ϕ|}) at large values of the inflaton field. This model predicts n{sub s}=1−(2/N)≈0.967 and r=(4/(3N{sup 2}))≈4×10{sup −4}, in good agreement with the Planck data. I propose a slight generalization of this model, which allows to describe not only inflation but also dark energy and supersymmetry breaking.

The D 2 k R 4 invariants of mathcal{N} = 8 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Freedman, Daniel Z.; Tonni, Erik

2011-04-01

The existence of a linearized SUSY invariant for mathcal{N} = 8 supergravity whose gravitational components are usually called R 4 was established long ago by on-shell super-space arguments. Superspace and string theory methods have also established analogous higher dimensional D 2 k R 4 invariants. However, very little is known about the SUSY completions of these operators which involve other fields of the theory. In this paper we find the detailed component expansion of the linearized R 4 invariant starting from the corresponding superamplitude which generates all component matrix elements of the operator. It is then quite straightforward to extend results to the entire set of D 2 k R 4 operators.

Critical N = (1, 1) general massive supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deger, Nihat Sadik; Moutsopoulos, George; Rosseel, Jan

2018-04-01

In this paper we study the supermultiplet structure of N = (1, 1) General Massive Supergravity at non-critical and critical points of its parameter space. To do this, we first linearize the theory around its maximally supersymmetric AdS3 vacuum and obtain the full linearized Lagrangian including fermionic terms. At generic values, linearized modes can be organized as two massless and 2 massive multiplets where supersymmetry relates them in the standard way. At critical points logarithmic modes appear and we find that in three of such points some of the supersymmetry transformations are non-invertible in logarithmic multiplets. However, in the fourth critical point, there is a massive logarithmic multiplet with invertible supersymmetry transformations.

On the stability of non-supersymmetric supergravity solutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Imaanpur, Ali; Zameni, Razieh

2017-09-01

We examine the stability of some non-supersymmetric supergravity solutions that have been found recently. The first solution is AdS5 ×M6, for M6 an stretched CP3. We consider breathing and squashing mode deformations of the metric, and find that the solution is stable against small fluctuations of this kind. Next we consider type IIB solution of AdS2 ×M8, where the compact space is a U (1) bundle over N (1 , 1). We study its stability under the deformation of M8 and the 5-form flux. In this case we also find that the solution is stable under small fluctuation modes of the corresponding deformations.

Tribrid Inflation in Supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antusch, Stefan; Dutta, Koushik; Kostka, Philipp M.

We propose a novel class of F-term hybrid inflation models in supergravity (SUGRA) where the η-problem is resolved using either a Heisenberg symmetry or a shift symmetry of the Kähler potential. In addition to the inflaton and the waterfall field, this class (referred to as tribrid inflation) contains a third "driving" field which contributes the large vacuum energy during inflation by its F-term. In contrast to the "standard" hybrid scenario, it has several attractive features due to the property of vanishing inflationary superpotential (Winf = 0) during inflation. Quantum corrections induced by symmetry breaking terms in the superpotential generate a slope of the potential and lead to a spectral tilt consistent with recent WMAP observations.

Sneutrino driven GUT inflation in supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonzalo, Tomás E.; Heurtier, Lucien; Moursy, Ahmad

2017-06-01

In this paper, we embed the model of flipped GUT sneutrino inflation — in a flipped SU(5) or SO(10) set up — developed by Ellis et al. in a supergravity framework. The GUT symmetry is broken by a waterfall which could happen at early or late stage of the inflationary period. The full field dynamics is thus studied in detail and these two main inflationary configurations are exposed, whose cosmological predictions are both in agreement with recent astrophysical measurements. The model has an interesting feature where the inflaton has natural decay channels to the MSSM particles allowed by the GUT gauge symmetry. Hence it can account for the reheating after the inflationary epoch.

Hidden role of Maxwell superalgebras in the free differential algebras of D = 4 and D = 11 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ravera, Lucrezia

2018-03-01

The purpose of this paper is to show that the so-called Maxwell superalgebra in four dimensions, which naturally involves the presence of a nilpotent fermionic generator, can be interpreted as a hidden superalgebra underlying N=1, {D}=4 supergravity extended to include a 2-form gauge potential associated to a 2-index antisymmetric tensor. In this scenario, the theory is appropriately discussed in the context of Free Differential Algebras (an extension of the Maurer-Cartan equations to involve higher-degree differential forms). The study is then extended to the Free Differential Algebra describing D = 11 supergravity, showing that, also in this case, there exists a super-Maxwell algebra underlying the theory. The same extra spinors dual to the nilpotent fermionic generators whose presence is crucial for writing a supersymmetric extension of the Maxwell algebras, both in the D = 4 and in the D = 11 case, turn out to be fundamental ingredients also to reproduce the D = 4 and D = 11 Free Differential Algebras on ordinary superspace, whose basis is given by the supervielbein. The analysis of the gauge structure of the supersymmetric Free Differential Algebras is carried on taking into account the gauge transformations from the hidden supergroup-manifold associated with the Maxwell superalgebras.

Higgs funnel region of supersymmetric dark matter for small tan⁡β and renormalization group effects on pseudoscalar Higgs boson with scalar mass nonuniversality

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chattopadhyay, Utpal; Das, Debottam

2009-02-01

A nonuniversal scalar mass supergravity type of model is explored where the first two generations of scalars and the third generation of sleptons may be very massive. The lighter or vanishing third generation of squarks as well as Higgs scalars at the unification scale cause the radiative electroweak symmetry breaking constraint to be less prohibitive. Thus, both flavor-changing neutral-current/CP-violation problems as well as the naturalness problem are within control. We identify a large slepton mass effect in the renormalization group equations of mHD2 (for the down type of Higgs) that may turn the latter negative at the electroweak scale even for a small tan⁡β. A hyperbolic branch/focus pointlike effect is found for mA2 that may result in very light Higgs spectra. The lightest stable particle is dominantly a b-ino that pair annihilates via Higgs exchange, giving rise to a Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe satisfied relic density region for all tan⁡β. Detection prospects of such lightest stable particles in the upcoming dark matter experiments both of direct and indirect types (photon flux) are interesting. The Higgs bosons and the third generation of squarks are light in this scenario and these may be easily probed besides charginos and neutralinos in the early runs of the Large Hadron Collider.

Supergravitational conformal Galileons

DOE PAGES

Deen, Rehan; Ovrut, Burt

2017-08-04

The worldvolume actions of 3+1 dimensional bosonic branes embedded in a five-dimensional bulk space can lead to important effective field theories, such as the DBI conformal Galileons, and may, when the Null Energy Condition is violated, play an essential role in cosmological theories of the early universe. These include Galileon Genesis and “bouncing” cosmology, where a pre-Big Bang contracting phase bounces smoothly to the presently observed expanding universe. Perhaps the most natural arena for such branes to arise is within the context of superstring and M -theory vacua. Here, not only are branes required for the consistency of the theory,more » but, in many cases, the exact spectrum of particle physics occurs at low energy. However, such theories have the additional constraint that they must be N = 1 supersymmetric. This motivates us to compute the worldvolume actions of N = 1 supersymmetric three-branes, first in flat superspace and then to generalize them to N = 1 supergravitation. In this paper, for simplicity, we begin the process, not within the context of a superstring vacuum but, rather, for the conformal Galileons arising on a co-dimension one brane embedded in a maximally symmetric AdS 5 bulk space. We proceed to N = 1 supersymmetrize the associated worldvolume theory and then generalize the results to N = 1 supergravity, opening the door to possible new cosmological scenarios« less

N =1 supergravitational heterotic galileons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Deen, Rehan; Ovrut, Burt

2017-11-01

Heterotic M -theory consists of a five-dimensional manifold of the form S 1 / Z 2 × M 4. It has been shown that one of the two orbifold planes, the "observable" sector, can have a low energy particle spectrum which is precisely the N = 1 super-symmetric standard model with three right-handed neutrino chiral supermultiplets. The other orbifold plane constitutes a "hidden" sector which, since its communication with the observable sector is suppressed, will be ignored in this paper. However, the finite fifth-dimension allows for the existence of three-brane solitons which, in order to render the vacuum anomaly free, must appear. That is, heterotic M -theory provides a natural framework for brane-world cosmological scenarios coupled to realistic particle physics. The complete worldvolume action of such three-branes is unknown. Here, treating these solitons as probe branes, we construct their scalar worldvolume Lagrangian as a derivative expansion of the heterotic DBI action. In analogy with similar calculations in the M 5 and AdS 5 context, this leads to the construction of "heterotic Galileons". However, realistic vacua of heterotic M -theory are necessarily N = 1 supersymmetric in four dimensions. Hence, we proceed to supersymmetrize the three-brane worldvolume action, first in flat superspace and then extend the results to N = 1 supergravity. Such a worldvolume action may lead to interesting cosmology, such as "bouncing" universe models, by allowing for the violation of the Null Energy Condition (NEC).

Supergravitational conformal Galileons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deen, Rehan; Ovrut, Burt

The worldvolume actions of 3+1 dimensional bosonic branes embedded in a five-dimensional bulk space can lead to important effective field theories, such as the DBI conformal Galileons, and may, when the Null Energy Condition is violated, play an essential role in cosmological theories of the early universe. These include Galileon Genesis and “bouncing” cosmology, where a pre-Big Bang contracting phase bounces smoothly to the presently observed expanding universe. Perhaps the most natural arena for such branes to arise is within the context of superstring and M -theory vacua. Here, not only are branes required for the consistency of the theory,more » but, in many cases, the exact spectrum of particle physics occurs at low energy. However, such theories have the additional constraint that they must be N = 1 supersymmetric. This motivates us to compute the worldvolume actions of N = 1 supersymmetric three-branes, first in flat superspace and then to generalize them to N = 1 supergravitation. In this paper, for simplicity, we begin the process, not within the context of a superstring vacuum but, rather, for the conformal Galileons arising on a co-dimension one brane embedded in a maximally symmetric AdS 5 bulk space. We proceed to N = 1 supersymmetrize the associated worldvolume theory and then generalize the results to N = 1 supergravity, opening the door to possible new cosmological scenarios« less

No-scale SU( 5) super-GUTs

DOE PAGES

Ellis, John; Evans, Jason L.; Nagata, Natsumi; ...

2017-04-12

We reconsider the minimal SU( 5) grand unified theory (GUT) in the context of no-scale supergravity inspired by string compactification scenarios, assuming that the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters satisfy universality conditions at some input scale M in above the GUT scale M GUT. When setting up such a no-scale super-GUT model, special attention must be paid to avoiding the Scylla of rapid proton decay and the Charybdis of an excessive density of cold dark matter, while also having an acceptable mass for the Higgs boson. Furthermore, we do not find consistent solutions if none of the matter and Higgs fields aremore » assigned to twisted chiral supermultiplets, even in the presence of Giudice–Masiero terms. But, consistent solutions may be found if at least one fiveplet of GUT Higgs fields is assigned to a twisted chiral supermultiplet, with a suitable choice of modular weights. Spin-independent dark matter scattering may be detectable in some of these consistent solutions.« less

Inclusive search for squark and gluino production in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV.

PubMed

Aaltonen, T; Adelman, J; Akimoto, T; Albrow, M G; González, B Alvarez; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Apollinari, G; Apresyan, A; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Aurisano, A; Azfar, F; Azzurri, P; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Beauchemin, P-H; Bedeschi, F; Beecher, D; Behari, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Bizjak, I; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Bridgeman, A; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Burke, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Buzatu, A; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Calancha, C; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carls, B; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Carrillo, S; Carron, S; Casal, B; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavaliere, V; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Chwalek, T; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Cox, C A; Cox, D J; Crescioli, F; Almenar, C Cuenca; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; Dagenhart, D; Datta, M; Davies, T; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lorenzo, G; Dell'orso, M; Deluca, C; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; Derwent, P F; di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; D'Onofrio, M; Donati, S; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Elagin, A; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Ferrazza, C; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Forrest, R; Frank, M J; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garberson, F; Garcia, J E; Garfinkel, A F; Genser, K; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Gessler, A; Giagu, S; Giakoumopoulou, V; Giannetti, P; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C M; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Giurgiu, G; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Grundler, U; da Costa, J Guimaraes; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, D; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hays, C; Heck, M; Heijboer, A; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hewamanage, S; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ivanov, A; James, E; Jayatilaka, B; Jeon, E J; Jha, M K; Jindariani, S; Johnson, W; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Kar, D; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kephart, R; Keung, J; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, H W; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krop, D; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhr, T; Kulkarni, N P; Kurata, M; Kusakabe, Y; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; Lecompte, T; Lee, E; Lee, H S; Lee, S W; Leone, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C-S; Linacre, J; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, C; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Lovas, L; Lucchesi, D; Luci, C; Lueck, J; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; Macqueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Malik, S; Manca, G; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A; Margaroli, F; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Martínez-Ballarín, R; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Mathis, M; Mattson, M E; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyake, H; Moggi, N; Moon, C S; Moore, R; Morello, M J; Morlok, J; Fernandez, P Movilla; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Mussini, M; Nachtman, J; Nagai, Y; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakamura, K; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Nett, J; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Neubauer, S; Nielsen, J; Nodulman, L; Norman, M; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oakes, L; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Orava, R; Griso, S Pagan; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Papaikonomou, A; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Peiffer, T; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Pianori, E; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Portell, X; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Pueschel, E; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Ramakrishnan, V; Ranjan, N; Redondo, I; Rekovic, V; Renton, P; Renz, M; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rodriguez, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Saltó, O; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savoy-Navarro, A; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, A; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M A; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sforza, F; Sfyrla, A; Shalhout, S Z; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Shimojima, M; Shiraishi, S; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sidoti, A; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spalding, J; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Strycker, G L; Stuart, D; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Suslov, I; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thompson, G A; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Ttito-Guzmán, P; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Totaro, P; Tourneur, S; Trovato, M; Tsai, S-Y; Tu, Y; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vázquez, F; Velev, G; Vellidis, C; Veszpremi, V; Vidal, M; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vogel, M; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner, W; Wagner-Kuhr, J; Wakisaka, T; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Weinelt, J; Wester, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Wilbur, S; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Würthwein, F; Wynne, S M; Xie, S; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y; Zucchelli, S

2009-03-27

We report on a search for inclusive production of squarks and gluinos in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV, in events with large missing transverse energy and multiple jets of hadrons in the final state. The study uses a CDF Run II data sample corresponding to 2 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. The data are in good agreement with the standard model predictions, giving no evidence for any squark or gluino component. In an R-parity conserving minimal supergravity scenario with A(0)=0, mu<0, and tanbeta=5, 95% C.L. upper limits on the production cross sections in the range between 0.1 and 1 pb are obtained, depending on the squark and gluino masses considered. For gluino masses below 280 GeV/c(2), arbitrarily large squark masses are excluded at the 95% C.L., while for mass degenerate gluinos and squarks, masses below 392 GeV/c(2) are excluded at the 95% C.L.

4D superfield reduction of 5D orbifold SUGRA and heterotic M-theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Paccetti Correia, Filipe; Schmidt, Michael G.; Tavartkiladze, Zurab

2006-09-01

We present a detailed study of the reduction to 4D of 5D supergravity compactified on the S/Z orbifold. For this purpose we develop and employ a recently proposed N=1 conformal superfield description of the 5D supergravity couplings to Abelian vector and hypermultiplets. In particular, we obtain a unique relation of the "radion" to chiral superfields as in global 5D SUSY and we can embed the universal hypermultiplet into this formalism. In our approach, it is transparent how the superconformal structure of the effective 4D actions is inherited from the one of the original 5D supergravity. We consider both ungauged and gauged 5D supergravities. This includes compactifications in unwarped geometries, generalizations of the supersymmetric Randall-Sundrum (RS) model as well as 5D heterotic M-theory. In the unwarped case, after obtaining the effective Kähler potentials and superpotentials, we demonstrate that the tree-level 4D potentials have flat and/or tachyonic directions. One-loop corrections to the Kähler potential and gaugino condensation are presented as suitable tools for moduli stabilization to be discussed in subsequent work. Turning to the RS-like models, we obtain a master formula for the Kähler potential for an arbitrary number of vector and hyper moduli, which we evaluate exactly for special cases. Finally, we formulate the superfield description of 5D heterotic M-theory and obtain its effective 4D description for the universal ( h=1) case, in the presence of an arbitrary number of bulk 5-branes. We present, as a check of our expressions, time-dependent solutions of 4D heterotic M-theory, which uplift to 5D solutions generalizing the ones recently found in [W. Chen, Z.-W. Chong, G.W. Gibbons, H. Lü, C.N. Pope, Hořava-Witten stability: Eppur si muove, Nucl. Phys. B 732 (2006) 118, hep-th/0502077].

EFT for vortices with dilaton-dependent localized flux

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; Diener, Ross; Williams, M.

2015-11-01

We study how codimension-two objects like vortices back-react gravitationally with their environment in theories (such as 4D or higher-dimensional supergravity) where the bulk is described by a dilaton-Maxwell-Einstein system. We do so both in the full theory, for which the vortex is an explicit classical `fat brane' solution, and in the effective theory of `point branes' appropriate when the vortices are much smaller than the scales of interest for their back-reaction (such as the transverse Kaluza-Klein scale). We extend the standard Nambu-Goto description to include the physics of flux-localization wherein the ambient flux of the external Maxwell field becomes partially localized to the vortex, generalizing the results of a companion paper [4] from N=2 supergravity as the end-point of a hierarchical limit in which the Planck mass first and then the supersymmetry breaking scale are sent to infinity. We define, in the parent supergravity model, a new symplectic frame in which, in the rigid limit, manifest symplectic invariance is preserved and the electric and magnetic Fayet-Iliopoulos terms are fully originated from the dyonic components of the embedding tensor. The supergravity origin of several features of the resulting rigid supersymmetric theory are then elucidated, such as the presence of a traceless SU(2)- Lie algebra term in the Ward identity and the existence of a central charge in the supersymmetry algebra which manifests itself as a harmless gauge transformation on the gauge vectors of the rigid theory; we show that this effect can be interpreted as a kind of "superspace non-locality" which does not affect the rigid theory on space-time. To set the stage of our analysis we take the opportunity in this paper to provide and prove the relevant identities of the most general dyonic gauging of Special-Kaehler and Quaternionic-Kaehler isometries in a generic N=2 model, which include the supersymmetry Ward identity, in a fully symplectic-covariant formalism.

A nonlinear dynamics for the scalar field in Randers spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Silva, J. E. G.; Maluf, R. V.; Almeida, C. A. S.

2017-03-01

We investigate the properties of a real scalar field in the Finslerian Randers spacetime, where the local Lorentz violation is driven by a geometrical background vector. We propose a dynamics for the scalar field by a minimal coupling of the scalar field and the Finsler metric. The coupling is intrinsically defined on the Randers spacetime, and it leads to a non-canonical kinetic term for the scalar field. The nonlinear dynamics can be split into a linear and nonlinear regimes, which depend perturbatively on the even and odd powers of the Lorentz-violating parameter, respectively. We analyze the plane-waves solutions and the modified dispersion relations, and it turns out that the spectrum is free of tachyons up to second-order.

Property rights violations as a structural driver of women's HIV risks: a qualitative study in Nyanza and Western Provinces, Kenya.

PubMed

Dworkin, Shari L; Grabe, Shelly; Lu, Tiffany; Hatcher, Abigail M; Hatcher, Abbey; Kwena, Zachary; Bukusi, Elizabeth; Mwaura-Muiru, Esther

2013-07-01

While access to and control over assets can minimize women's HIV risk, little is known about the processes through which property rights violations increase the sexual transmission of HIV. The current study focused on two rural areas in Nyanza and Western Province, Kenya where HIV prevalence was high (23.8-33 %) and property rights violations were common. The current work drew on in-depth interview data collected from 50 individuals involved in the development and implementation of a community-led land and property rights program. The program was designed to respond to property rights violations, prevent disinheritance and asset stripping, and reduce HIV risk among women. In our findings, we detailed the social and economic mechanisms through which a loss of property rights was perceived to influence primary and secondary prevention of HIV. These included: loss of income, loss of livelihood and shelter, and migration to slums, markets, or beaches where the exchange of sex for food, money, shelter, clothing, or other goods was common. We also examined the perceived influence of cultural practices, such as wife inheritance, on HIV risk. In the conclusions, we made recommendations for future research in the science-base focused on the development of property ownership as a structural HIV prevention and treatment intervention.

On Quadratic Divergences in Supergravity, Vacuum Energy and theSupersymmetric Flavor Problem

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gaillard, Mary K.; Nelson, Brent D.

2005-11-18

We examine the phenomenological consequences ofquadratically divergent contributions to the scalar potential insupergravity effective Lagrangians. We focus specifically on the effectof these corrections on the vacuum configurationof scalar fields insoftly-broken supersymmetric theory is and the role these correctionsplay in generating non-diagonal soft scalar masses. Both effects can onlybe properly studied when the divergences are regulated in a manifestlysupersymmetric manner -- something which has ths far been neglected inpast treatments. We show how a supersymmetric regularization can impactpast conclusions about both types of phenomena and discuss what types ofhigh-energy theories are likely to be safe from unwanted flavor-changingneutral current interactions inmore » the context of supergravity theoriesderived from heterotic string compactifications.« less

Gravity with a cosmological constant from rational curves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adamo, Tim

2015-11-01

We give a new formula for all tree-level correlators of boundary field insertions in gauged N=8 supergravity in AdS4; this is an analogue of the tree-level S-matrix in anti-de Sitter space. The formula is written in terms of rational maps from the Riemann sphere to twistor space, with no reference to bulk perturbation theory. It is polynomial in the cosmological constant, and equal to the classical scattering amplitudes of supergravity in the flat space limit. The formula is manifestly supersymmetric, independent of gauge choices on twistor space, and equivalent to expressions computed via perturbation theory at 3-point overline{MHV} and n-point MHV. We also show that the formula factorizes and obeys BCFW recursion in twistor space.

No-scale inflation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ellis, John; Garcia, Marcos A. G.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; Olive, Keith A.

2016-05-01

Supersymmetry is the most natural framework for physics above the TeV scale, and the corresponding framework for early-Universe cosmology, including inflation, is supergravity. No-scale supergravity emerges from generic string compactifications and yields a non-negative potential, and is therefore a plausible framework for constructing models of inflation. No-scale inflation yields naturally predictions similar to those of the Starobinsky model based on R+{R}2 gravity, with a tilted spectrum of scalar perturbations: {n}s∼ 0.96, and small values of the tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio r\\lt 0.1, as favoured by Planck and other data on the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Detailed measurements of the CMB may provide insights into the embedding of inflation within string theory as well as its links to collider physics.

Inflation and leptogenesis from right handed sneutrinos in supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Peloso, Marco, E-mail: peloso@physics.umn.edu

2016-06-21

We describe a supergravity model of inflation where the inflaton is identified with one linerar combination of two right handed sneutrino fields. The potential along the inflationary trajectory is flatter than that of massive chaotic inflation, resulting in a detectable but not ruled out tensor-to-scalar ratio r. In general, the potential for the two sneutrinos has complex phases. As a result, the two neutrinos can develop a nonvanishing lepton charge through a simple modification of the Affleck-Dine mechanism. [This talk summarizes the work of Evans, Ghergetta, and Peloso, Phys. Rev. D 92, no. 2, 021303 (2015) (Ref. 1). Please refermore » to that work for details and for a more comprehensive list of references.].« less

Computing the scalar field couplings in 6D supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Saidi, El Hassan

2008-11-01

Using non-chiral supersymmetry in 6D space-time, we compute the explicit expression of the metric the scalar manifold SO(1,1)×{SO(4,20)}/{SO(4)×SO(20)} of the ten-dimensional type IIA superstring on generic K3. We consider as well the scalar field self-couplings in the general case where the non-chiral 6D supergravity multiplet is coupled to generic n vector supermultiplets with moduli space SO(1,1)×{SO(4,n)}/{SO(4)×SO(n)}. We also work out a dictionary giving a correspondence between hyper-Kähler geometry and the Kähler geometry of the Coulomb branch of 10D type IIA on Calabi-Yau threefolds. Others features are also discussed.

Safety and Equality at Odds: OSHA and Title VII Clash over Health Hazards in the Workplace.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crowell, Donald R.; Copus, David A.

1978-01-01

Discusses the legal problems presented by job health hazards which have a different effect on men and women. Where methods of eliminating or minimizing exposure, as required by the Occupational Safety and Health Act, affect only one sex, the provisions of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act may be violated. (MF)

Top quark decays with flavor violation in the B-LSSM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Jin-Lei; Feng, Tai-Fu; Zhang, Hai-Bin; Ning, Guo-Zhu; Yang, Xiu-Yi

2018-06-01

The decays of top quark t→ cγ ,t→ cg,t→ cZ,t→ ch are extremely rare processes in the standard model (SM). The predictions on the corresponding branching ratios in the SM are too small to be detected in the future, hence any measurable signal for the processes at the LHC is a smoking gun for new physics. In the extension of minimal supersymmetric standard model with an additional local U(1)_B {-}L gauge symmetry (B-LSSM), new gauge interaction and new flavor changing interaction affect the theoretical evaluations on corresponding branching ratios of those processes. In this work, we analyze those processes in the B-LSSM, under a minimal flavor violating assumption for the soft breaking terms. Considering the constraints from updated experimental data, the numerical results imply Br(t→ cγ )˜ 5× 10^{-7}, Br(t→ cg)˜ 2× 10^{-6}, Br(t→ cZ)˜ 4× 10^{-7} and Br(t→ ch)˜ 3× 10^{-9} in our chosen parameter space. Simultaneously, new gauge coupling constants g_{_B},g_{_{YB}} in the B-LSSM can also affect the numerical results of Br(t→ cγ ,cg,cZ,ch).

Dimensioning Principles in Potash and Salt: Stability and Integrity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Minkley, W.; Mühlbauer, J.; Lüdeling, C.

2016-11-01

The paper describes the principal geomechanical approaches to mine dimensioning in salt and potash mining, focusing on stability of the mining system and integrity of the hydraulic barrier. Several common dimensioning are subjected to a comparative analysis. We identify geomechanical discontinuum models as essential physical ingredients for examining the collapse of working fields in potash mining. The basic mechanisms rely on the softening behaviour of salt rocks and the interfaces. A visco-elasto-plastic material model with strain softening, dilatancy and creep describes the time-dependent softening behaviour of the salt pillars, while a shear model with velocity-dependent adhesive friction with shear displacement-dependent softening is used for bedding planes and discontinuities. Pillar stability critically depends on the shear conditions of the bedding planes to the overlying and underlying beds, which provide the necessary confining pressure for the pillar core, but can fail dynamically, leading to large-scale field collapses. We further discuss the integrity conditions for the hydraulic barrier, most notably the minimal stress criterion, the violation of which leads to pressure-driven percolation as the mechanism of fluid transport and hence barrier failure. We present a number of examples where violation of the minimal stress criterion has led to mine floodings.

Wormholes minimally violating the null energy condition

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bouhmadi-López, Mariam; Lobo, Francisco S N; Martín-Moruno, Prado, E-mail: mariam.bouhmadi@ehu.es, E-mail: fslobo@fc.ul.pt, E-mail: pmmoruno@fc.ul.pt

2014-11-01

We consider novel wormhole solutions supported by a matter content that minimally violates the null energy condition. More specifically, we consider an equation of state in which the sum of the energy density and radial pressure is proportional to a constant with a value smaller than that of the inverse area characterising the system, i.e., the area of the wormhole mouth. This approach is motivated by a recently proposed cosmological event, denoted {sup t}he little sibling of the big rip{sup ,} where the Hubble rate and the scale factor blow up but the cosmic derivative of the Hubble rate doesmore » not [1]. By using the cut-and-paste approach, we match interior spherically symmetric wormhole solutions to an exterior Schwarzschild geometry, and analyse the stability of the thin-shell to linearized spherically symmetric perturbations around static solutions, by choosing suitable properties for the exotic material residing on the junction interface radius. Furthermore, we also consider an inhomogeneous generalization of the equation of state considered above and analyse the respective stability regions. In particular, we obtain a specific wormhole solution with an asymptotic behaviour corresponding to a global monopole.« less

Non-thermal leptogenesis with distinct CP violation and minimal dark matter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou, Hang; Gu, Pei-Hong, E-mail: einsteinzh@sjtu.edu.cn, E-mail: peihong.gu@sjtu.edu.cn

We demonstrate a unified scenario for neutrino mass, baryon asymmetry, dark matter and inflation. In addition to a fermion triplet for the so-called minimal dark matter, we extend the standard model by three heavy fields including a scalar singlet, a fermion triplet and a fermion singlet/Higgs triplet. The heavy scalar singlet, which is expected to drive an inflation, and the dark matter fermion triplet are odd under an unbroken Z {sub 2} discrete symmetry, while the other fields are all even. The heavy fermion triplet offers a tree-level type-III seesaw and then mediates a three-body decay of the inflaton intomore » the standard model lepton and Higgs doublets with the dark matter fermion triplet. The heavy fermion singlet/Higgs triplet not only results in a type-I/II seesaw at tree level but also contributes to the inflaton decay at one-loop level. In this scenario, the type-I/II seesaw contains all of the physical CP phases in the lepton sector and hence the CP violation for the non-thermal leptogenesis by the inflaton decay exactly comes from the imaginary part of the neutrino mass matrix.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Amariti, Antonio; Toldo, Chiara

We consider 4d N = 1 SCFTs, topologically twisted on compact constant curvature Riemann surfaces, giving rise to 2d N = (0; 2) SCFTs. The exact R-current of these 2d SCFT extremizes the central charge c 2d, similarly to the 4d picture, where the exact R-current maximizes the central charge a 4d. There are global currents that do not mix with the R-current in 4d but their mixing becomes non trivial in 2d. In this paper we study the holographic dual of this process by analyzing a 5d N = 2 truncation of T 1,1 with one Betti vector multiplet,more » dual to the baryonic current on the CFT side. The holographic realization of the flow across dimensions connects AdS 5 to AdS 3 vacua in the supergravity picture. We verify the existence of the flow to AdS 3 solutions and we retrieve the field theory results for the mixing of the Betti vector with the graviphoton. Moreover, we extract the central charge from the Brown-Henneaux formula, matching with the results obtained in field theory. We develop a general formalism to obtain the central charge of a 2d SCFT from 5d N = 2 gauged supergravity with a generic number of vector multiplets, showing that its extremization corresponds to an attractor mechanism for the scalars in the supergravity picture.« less

Betti multiplets, flows across dimensions and c-extremization

DOE PAGES

Amariti, Antonio; Toldo, Chiara

2017-07-10

We consider 4d N = 1 SCFTs, topologically twisted on compact constant curvature Riemann surfaces, giving rise to 2d N = (0; 2) SCFTs. The exact R-current of these 2d SCFT extremizes the central charge c 2d, similarly to the 4d picture, where the exact R-current maximizes the central charge a 4d. There are global currents that do not mix with the R-current in 4d but their mixing becomes non trivial in 2d. In this paper we study the holographic dual of this process by analyzing a 5d N = 2 truncation of T 1,1 with one Betti vector multiplet,more » dual to the baryonic current on the CFT side. The holographic realization of the flow across dimensions connects AdS 5 to AdS 3 vacua in the supergravity picture. We verify the existence of the flow to AdS 3 solutions and we retrieve the field theory results for the mixing of the Betti vector with the graviphoton. Moreover, we extract the central charge from the Brown-Henneaux formula, matching with the results obtained in field theory. We develop a general formalism to obtain the central charge of a 2d SCFT from 5d N = 2 gauged supergravity with a generic number of vector multiplets, showing that its extremization corresponds to an attractor mechanism for the scalars in the supergravity picture.« less

Supergravity backgrounds for deformations of AdS n × S n supercoset string models

DOE PAGES

Lunin, O.; Roiban, R.; Tseytlin, A. A.

2014-12-11

We considermore » type IIB supergravity backgrounds corresponding to the deformed AdS n × S n × T 10 - 2 n supercoset string models of the type constructed in arXiv:1309.5850[2] which depend on one deformation parameter κ. In AdS 2 × S 2 case we find that the deformed metric can be extended to a full supergravity solution with non-trivial dilaton, RR scalar and RR 5-form strength. The solution depends on a free parameter a that should be chosen as a particular function of κ to correspond to the deformed supercoset model. In AdS 3 × S 3 case the full solution supported by the dilaton, RR scalar and RR 3-form strength exists only in the two special cases, a = 0 and a = 1 . We conjecture that there may be a more general one-parameter solution supported by several RR fields that for particular a = a ( κ ) corresponds to the supercoset model. In the most complicated deformed AdS 5 × S 5 case we were able to find only the expressions for the dilaton and the RR scalar. The full solution is likely to be supported by a combination of the 5-form and 3-form field strengths. We comment on the singularity structure of the resulting metric and exact dilaton field.« less

Supergravity backgrounds for deformations of AdS n × S n supercoset string models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lunin, O.; Roiban, R.; Tseytlin, A. A.

We considermore » type IIB supergravity backgrounds corresponding to the deformed AdS n × S n × T 10 - 2 n supercoset string models of the type constructed in arXiv:1309.5850[2] which depend on one deformation parameter κ. In AdS 2 × S 2 case we find that the deformed metric can be extended to a full supergravity solution with non-trivial dilaton, RR scalar and RR 5-form strength. The solution depends on a free parameter a that should be chosen as a particular function of κ to correspond to the deformed supercoset model. In AdS 3 × S 3 case the full solution supported by the dilaton, RR scalar and RR 3-form strength exists only in the two special cases, a = 0 and a = 1 . We conjecture that there may be a more general one-parameter solution supported by several RR fields that for particular a = a ( κ ) corresponds to the supercoset model. In the most complicated deformed AdS 5 × S 5 case we were able to find only the expressions for the dilaton and the RR scalar. The full solution is likely to be supported by a combination of the 5-form and 3-form field strengths. We comment on the singularity structure of the resulting metric and exact dilaton field.« less

Betti multiplets, flows across dimensions and c-extremization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amariti, Antonio; Toldo, Chiara

2017-07-01

We consider 4d N = 1 SCFTs, topologically twisted on compact constant curvature Riemann surfaces, giving rise to 2d N = (0, 2) SCFTs. The exact R-current of these 2d SCFT extremizes the central charge c 2 d , similarly to the 4d picture, where the exact R-current maximizes the central charge a 4 d . There are global currents that do not mix with the R-current in 4d but their mixing becomes non trivial in 2d. In this paper we study the holographic dual of this process by analyzing a 5d N = 2 truncation of T 1,1 with one Betti vector multiplet, dual to the baryonic current on the CFT side. The holographic realization of the flow across dimensions connects AdS5 to AdS3 vacua in the supergravity picture. We verify the existence of the flow to AdS3 solutions and we retrieve the field theory results for the mixing of the Betti vector with the graviphoton. Moreover, we extract the central charge from the Brown-Henneaux formula, matching with the results obtained in field theory. We develop a general formalism to obtain the central charge of a 2d SCFT from 5d N = 2 gauged supergravity with a generic number of vector multiplets, showing that its extremization corresponds to an attractor mechanism for the scalars in the supergravity picture.

Consistent compactification of double field theory on non-geometric flux backgrounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hassler, Falk; Lüst, Dieter

2014-05-01

In this paper, we construct non-trivial solutions to the 2 D-dimensional field equations of Double Field Theory (DFT) by using a consistent Scherk-Schwarz ansatz. The ansatz identifies 2( D - d) internal directions with a twist U M N which is directly connected to the covariant fluxes ABC . It exhibits 2( D - d) linear independent generalized Killing vectors K I J and gives rise to a gauged supergravity in d dimensions. We analyze the covariant fluxes and the corresponding gauged supergravity with a Minkowski vacuum. We calculate fluctuations around such vacua and show how they gives rise to massive scalars field and vectors field with a non-abelian gauge algebra. Because DFT is a background independent theory, these fields should directly correspond the string excitations in the corresponding background. For ( D - d) = 3 we perform a complete scan of all allowed covariant fluxes and find two different kinds of backgrounds: the single and the double elliptic case. The later is not T-dual to a geometric background and cannot be transformed to a geometric setting by a field redefinition either. While this background fulfills the strong constraint, it is still consistent with the Killing vectors depending on the coordinates and the winding coordinates, thereby giving a non-geometric patching. This background can therefore not be described in Supergravity or Generalized Geometry.

Supergravity separation of Pb and Sn from waste printed circuit boards at different temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Long; Wang, Zhe; Zhong, Yi-wei; Chen, Kui-yuan; Guo, Zhan-cheng

2018-02-01

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain many toxic substances as well as valuable metals, e.g., lead (Pb) and tin (Sn). In this study, a novel technology, named supergravity, was used to separate different mass ratios of Pb and Sn from Pb-Sn alloys in PCBs. In a supergravity field, the liquid metal phase can permeate from solid particles. Hence, temperatures of 200, 280, and 400°C were chosen to separate Pb and Sn from PCBs. The results depicted that gravity coefficient only affected the recovery rates of Pb and Sn, whereas it had little effect on the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in the obtained alloys. With an increase in gravity coefficient, the recovery values of Pb and Sn in each step of the separation process increased. In the single-step separation process, the mass ratios of Pb and Sn in Pb-Sn alloys were 0.55, 0.40, and 0.64 at 200, 280, and 400°C, respectively. In the two-step separation process, the mass ratios were 0.12 and 0.55 at 280 and 400°C, respectively. Further, the mass ratio was observed to be 0.76 at 400°C in the three-step separation process. This process provides an innovative approach to the recycling mechanism of Pb and Sn from PCBs.

Electromagnet Design for an Experimental Search for CP Violation in Positronium Decay

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Petersburg, Ryan; Henning, Reyco; Bartram, Chelsea

2015-04-01

The 3-photon decay of spin-aligned triplet positronium could be used to search for a charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry violation. This CP violation would manifest as a nonzero angular correlation (S-> .k1 -->) (S-> .k1 --> ×k2 -->) between the three decay photons' momentum vectors (|k1 --> | > |k2 --> | > |k3 --> |) and the triplet positronium spin (S->). Current limits on this correlation are at the ~10-3 level; therefore, we propose an experiment to improve this limit. In our experiment, the positronium is spin-polarized by a uniform magnetic field from a conventional electromagnet, and the photons are detected by a segmented NaI gamma detector array with large angular acceptance. This talk discusses the design of this unique electromagnet, which requires good field uniformity for the positronium source and a novel yoke design to minimize fringe field effects for the NaI array's PMTs. This project was supported by the Gillian T. Cell Senior Thesis Research Award in the College of Arts & Sciences, administered by Honors Carolina.

A prospective, randomized, controlled trial of robot-assisted vs freehand pedicle screw fixation in spine surgery.

PubMed

Kim, Ho-Joong; Jung, Whan-Ik; Chang, Bong-Soon; Lee, Choon-Ki; Kang, Kyoung-Tak; Yeom, Jin S

2017-09-01

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and safety of an instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) using a robot-assisted minimally invasive (Robot-PLIF) or a conventional open approach (Freehand-PLIF). Patients undergoing an instrumented PLIF were randomly assigned to be treated using a Robot-PLIF (37 patients) and a Freehand-PLIF (41 patients). For intrapedicular accuracy, there was no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.534). For proximal facet joint accuracy, none of the 74 screws in the Robot-PLIF group violated the proximal facet joint, while 13 of 82 in the Freehand-PLIF group violated the proximal facet joint (P < 0.001). The average distance of the screws from the facets was 5.2 ± 2.1 mm and 2.7 ± 1.6 mm in the Robot-PLIF and Freehand-PLIF groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement was associated with fewer proximal facet joint violations and better convergence orientations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A review of the generalized uncertainty principle.

PubMed

Tawfik, Abdel Nasser; Diab, Abdel Magied

2015-12-01

Based on string theory, black hole physics, doubly special relativity and some 'thought' experiments, minimal distance and/or maximum momentum are proposed. As alternatives to the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), the modified dispersion relation, the space noncommutativity, the Lorentz invariance violation, and the quantum-gravity-induced birefringence effects are summarized. The origin of minimal measurable quantities and the different GUP approaches are reviewed and the corresponding observations are analysed. Bounds on the GUP parameter are discussed and implemented in the understanding of recent PLANCK observations of cosmic inflation. The higher-order GUP approaches predict minimal length uncertainty with and without maximum momenta. Possible arguments against the GUP are discussed; for instance, the concern about its compatibility with the equivalence principles, the universality of gravitational redshift and the free fall and law of reciprocal action are addressed.

Tribrid Inflation in Supergravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Antusch, Stefan; Dutta, Koushik; Kostka, Philipp M.

2010-02-10

We propose a novel class of F-term hybrid inflation models in supergravity (SUGRA) where the eta-problem is resolved using either a Heisenberg symmetry or a shift symmetry of the Kaehler potential. In addition to the inflaton and the waterfall field, this class (referred to as tribrid inflation) contains a third 'driving' field which contributes the large vacuum energy during inflation by its F-term. In contrast to the 'standard' hybrid scenario, it has several attractive features due to the property of vanishing inflationary superpotential (W{sub inf} = 0) during inflation. While the symmetries of the Kaehler potential ensure a flat inflatonmore » potential at tree-level, quantum corrections induced by symmetry breaking terms in the superpotential generate a slope of the potential and lead to a spectral tilt consistent with recent WMAP observations.« less

Two kissing bolts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bossard, Guillaume; Katmadas, Stefanos; Turton, David

2018-02-01

The study of non-supersymmetric black hole microstates offers the potential to resolve the black hole information paradox. A system of equations was recently obtained that enables the systematic construction of non-supersymmetric smooth horizonless supergravity solutions, that are candidates to describe microstates of non-extremal black holes. Within this system we construct a family of six-dimensional supergravity solutions that feature two topologically-nontrivial three-cycles known as bolts. The two bolts touch at a single point and are supported by fluxes. We find that the fluxes on the two three-cycles can be either aligned or anti-aligned, and exhibit examples of both. We present several examples of smooth solutions, including near-extremal solutions that have an approximate AdS3 region, and far-from extremal solutions that have arbitrarily small charge compared to their mass.

On supersymmetric AdS6 solutions in 10 and 11 dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutowski, J.; Papadopoulos, G.

2017-12-01

We prove a non-existence theorem for smooth, supersymmetric, warped AdS 6 solutions with connected, compact without boundary internal space in D = 11 and (massive) IIA supergravities. In IIB supergravity we show that if such AdS 6 solutions exist, then the NSNS and RR 3-form fluxes must be linearly independent and certain spinor bilinears must be appropriately restricted. Moreover we demonstrate that the internal space admits an so(3) action which leaves all the fields invariant and for smooth solutions the principal orbits must have co-dimension two. We also describe the topology and geometry of internal spaces that admit such a so(3) action and show that there are no solutions for which the internal space has topology F × S 2, where F is an oriented surface.

R D ( * ) anomaly: A possible hint for natural supersymmetry with R -parity violation

DOE PAGES

Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Bhupal Dev, P. S.; Soni, Amarjit

2017-11-15

Recently, several B-physics experiments have reported an appreciable deviation from the standard model (SM) in the tree-level observables R D(*); the combined weighted average now stands at ≈4σ. We first show the anomaly necessarily implies model-independent collider signals of the form pp → bτν that should be expeditiously searched for at ATLAS/CMS as a complementary test of the anomaly. Next we suggest a possible interconnection of the anomaly with the radiative stability of the standard model Higgs boson and point to a minimal effective supersymmetric scenario with R-parity violation as the underlying cause. In conclusion, we also comment on themore » possibility of simultaneously explaining the recently reported R K(*) anomaly in this setup.« less

Recent progress on CP violation in K → ππ decays in the SM and a supersymmetric solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kitahara, T.; Nierste, U.; Tremper, P.

2017-01-01

Using the recent first lattice results of the RBC-UKQCD collaboration for K → ππ decays, we perform a phenomenological analysis of and find a discrepancy between SM prediction and experiments by ∼ 3σ. We discuss an explanation by new physics. The well-understood value of εK , which quantifies indirect CP violation, however, typically prevents large new physics contributions to . In this talk, we show a solution of the discrepancy in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with squark masses above 3 TeV without fine-tuning of CP phases. In this solution, the Trojan penguin diagram gives large isospin-breaking contributions which enhance , while the contribution to εK is suppressed thanks to the Majorana nature of gluinos.

Supersymmetric flaxion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ema, Yohei; Hagihara, Daisuke; Hamaguchi, Koichi; Moroi, Takeo; Nakayama, Kazunori

2018-04-01

Recently, a new minimal extension of the Standard Model has been proposed, where a spontaneously broken, flavor-dependent global U(1) symmetry is introduced. It not only explains the hierarchical flavor structure in the quark and lepton sector, but also solves the strong CP problem by identifying the Nambu-Goldstone boson as the QCD axion, which we call flaxion. In this work, we consider supersymmetric extensions of the flaxion scenario. We study the CP and flavor violations due to supersymmetric particles, the effects of R-parity violations, the cosmological gravitino and axino problems, and the cosmological evolution of the scalar partner of the flaxion, sflaxion. We also propose an attractor-like inflationary model where the flaxion multiplet contains the inflaton field, and show that a consistent cosmological scenario can be obtained, including inflation, leptogenesis, and dark matter.

R D ( * ) anomaly: A possible hint for natural supersymmetry with R -parity violation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Bhupal Dev, P. S.; Soni, Amarjit

Recently, several B-physics experiments have reported an appreciable deviation from the standard model (SM) in the tree-level observables R D(*); the combined weighted average now stands at ≈4σ. We first show the anomaly necessarily implies model-independent collider signals of the form pp → bτν that should be expeditiously searched for at ATLAS/CMS as a complementary test of the anomaly. Next we suggest a possible interconnection of the anomaly with the radiative stability of the standard model Higgs boson and point to a minimal effective supersymmetric scenario with R-parity violation as the underlying cause. In conclusion, we also comment on themore » possibility of simultaneously explaining the recently reported R K(*) anomaly in this setup.« less

Rescheduling with iterative repair

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zweben, Monte; Davis, Eugene; Daun, Brian; Deale, Michael

1992-01-01

This paper presents a new approach to rescheduling called constraint-based iterative repair. This approach gives our system the ability to satisfy domain constraints, address optimization concerns, minimize perturbation to the original schedule, produce modified schedules, quickly, and exhibits 'anytime' behavior. The system begins with an initial, flawed schedule and then iteratively repairs constraint violations until a conflict-free schedule is produced. In an empirical demonstration, we vary the importance of minimizing perturbation and report how fast the system is able to resolve conflicts in a given time bound. We also show the anytime characteristics of the system. These experiments were performed within the domain of Space Shuttle ground processing.

Fulfill Promises and Avoid Breaches to Retain Satisfied, Committed Nurses.

PubMed

Rodwell, John; Ellershaw, Julia

2016-07-01

This study examines two commonly proposed mechanisms, violation and trust, to see if they mediate the relationships between the components of the psychological contract (i.e., promises, fulfillment, and breach) and their impact on the work-related outcomes of job satisfaction, intent to quit, and organizational commitment. Online surveys were completed by 459 Australian nurses. Structural equation modeling revealed that breach and fulfillment have direct and mediated effects on the outcomes, whereas promises had no impact. Violation partially mediated the relationship between breach and job satisfaction and intent to quit, while trust partially mediated the relationships between fulfillment and organizational commitment, and breach and organizational commitment. Negative experiences (i.e., breaches) were related to both increased feelings of violation and decreased feelings of trust. In contrast, positive experiences (i.e., fulfillment) increased trust but did not significantly reduce feelings of violation. Nurse and organizational managers can use these findings to improve communication with nurses so as to minimize the negative effects of breach and maximize the positive effects of fulfillment and thus improve attitudes. Nurse managers need to be careful to make promises regarding their nurses' employment that they can fulfill and to particularly avoid breaking the psychological contract. The potentially disproportionate negative effect of breach means that a breach can undo a lot of efforts to fulfill employment-related promises. © 2016 Sigma Theta Tau International.

Property Rights Violations as a Structural Driver of Women’s HIV Risks: A Qualitative Study in Nyanza and Western Provinces, Kenya

PubMed Central

Grabe, Shelly; Lu, Tiffany; Hatcher, Abbey; Kwena, Zachary; Bukusi, Elizabeth; Mwaura-Muiru, Esther

2013-01-01

While access to and control over assets can minimize women’s HIV risk, little is known about the processes through which property rights violations increase the sexual transmission of HIV. The current study focused on two rural areas in Nyanza and Western Province, Kenya where HIV prevalence was high (23.8–33 %) and property rights violations were common. The current work drew on in-depth interview data collected from 50 individuals involved in the development and implementation of a community-led land and property rights program. The program was designed to respond to property rights violations, prevent disinheritance and asset stripping, and reduce HIV risk among women. In our findings, we detailed the social and economic mechanisms through which a loss of property rights was perceived to influence primary and secondary prevention of HIV. These included: loss of income, loss of livelihood and shelter, and migration to slums, markets, or beaches where the exchange of sex for food, money, shelter, clothing, or other goods was common. We also examined the perceived influence of cultural practices, such as wife inheritance, on HIV risk. In the conclusions, we made recommendations for future research in the science-base focused on the development of property ownership as a structural HIV prevention and treatment intervention. PMID:23179234

Charming dark matter

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jubb, Thomas; Kirk, Matthew; Lenz, Alexander

2017-12-01

We have considered a model of Dark Minimal Flavour Violation (DMFV), in which a triplet of dark matter particles couple to right-handed up-type quarks via a heavy colour-charged scalar mediator. By studying a large spectrum of possible constraints, and assessing the entire parameter space using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), we can place strong restrictions on the allowed parameter space for dark matter models of this type.

Supersymmetry models and phenomenology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carpenter, Linda M.

We present several models of supersymmetry breaking and explore their phenomenological consequences. First, we build models utilizing the supersymmetry breaking formalism of anomaly mediation. Our first model consists of the minimal supersymmetric standard model plus a singlet, anomaly-mediated soft masses and a Dirac mass which marries the bino to the singlet. The Dirac mass does not affect the so-called "UV insensitivity" of the other soft parameters to running or supersymmetric thresholds and thus flavor physics at intermediate scales would not reintroduce the flavor problem. The Dirac bino is integrated out at a few TeV and produces finite and positive contributions to all hyper-charged scalars at one loop thus producing positive squared slepton masses. Our second model approaches anomaly mediation from the point of view of the mu problem. We present a minimal method for generating a mu term while still generating a viable spectrum. We introduce a new operator involving a hidden sector U(1) gauge field which is then canceled against a Giudice-Masiero-like mu term. No new flavor violating operators are allowed. This procedure produces viable electroweak symmetry breaking in the Higgs sector. Only a single pair of new vector-like messenger fields is needed to correct the slepton masses by deflecting them from their anomaly mediated trajectories. Finally we attempt to solve the Higgs mass tuning problem in the MSSM; both electroweak precision measurements and simple supersymmetric extensions of the standard model prefer the mass of the Higgs boson to be around the Z mass. However, LEP II rules out a standard model-like Higgs lighter than 114.4 GeV. We show that supersymmetric models with R parity violation have a large range of parameter space in which the Higgs effectively decays to six jets (for Baryon number violation) or four jets plus taus and/or missing energy (for Lepton number violation). These decays are much more weakly constrained by current LEP analyses and could be probed by new exclusive channel analyses as well as a combined "model independent" Higgs search analysis by all experiments.

RG flows and instantons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gava, Edi

2012-09-24

In these two lectures I discuss RG flow solutions in (1,0) six dimensional supergravity involving SU(2) Yang-Mills instantons. in the conformally flat part of the 6D metric. The solutions interpolate between two (4,0) supersymmetric AdS{sub 3} Multiplication-Sign S{sup 3} backgrounds with different values of AdS{sub 3} and S{sup 3} radii and describe RG flows in the dual 2D SCFT. The flows described are of v.e.v. type, driven by a vacuum expectation value of a (not exactly) marginal operator of dimension 2 in the UV. We give an interpretation of the supergravity solution in terms of the D1/D5 system in typemore » I string theory on K3, whose effective field theory is expected to flow to a (4,0) SCFT in the infrared.« less

An infinite swampland of U(1) charge spectra in 6D supergravity theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, Washington; Turner, Andrew P.

2018-06-01

We analyze the anomaly constraints on 6D supergravity theories with a single abelian U(1) gauge factor. For theories with charges restricted to q = ±1 , ±2 and no tensor multiplets, anomaly-free models match those models that can be realized from F-theory compactifications almost perfectly. For theories with tensor multiplets or with larger charges, the F-theory constraints are less well understood. We show, however, that there is an infinite class of distinct massless charge spectra in the "swampland" of theories that satisfy all known quantum consistency conditions but do not admit a realization through F-theory or any other known approach to string compactification. We also compare the spectra of charged matter in abelian theories with those that can be realized from breaking nonabelian SU(2) and higher rank gauge symmetries.

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-15

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe. The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva.

Enriching and Separating Primary Copper Impurity from Pb-3 Mass Pct Cu Melt by Super-Gravity Technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Yuhou; Song, Bo; Song, Gaoyang; Yang, Zhanbing; Xin, Wenbin

2016-10-01

In this study, super-gravity technology was introduced in the lead bullion-refining process to investigate the enriching and separating laws of copper impurity from Pb-3 mass pct Cu melt. With the gravity coefficient G = 700 at the cooling rate of ν = 5 K min-1, the entire copper phase gathers at the upper area of the sample, and it is hard to find any copper particles at the bottom area of the sample. The floatation movement of copper phase was greatly intensified by super gravity and the mass pct of copper in tailing lead is up to 8.631 pct, while that in the refined lead is only 0.113 pct. The refining rate of lead bullion reached up to 94.27 pct. Copper-phase impurity can be separated effectively from Pb-3 mass pct Cu melt by filtration method in super-gravity field, and the separation efficiency increased with the increasing gravity coefficient in the range of G ≥ 10. After filtration at 613 K (340 °C) with gravity coefficient G = 100 for 10 minutes, the refined lead, with just 0.157 mass pct copper impurity, was separated to the bottom of the crucible, and the copper dross containing only 23.56 mass pct residual lead was intercepted by the carbon fiber felt, leading to the separation efficiency up to 96.18 pct (meaning a great reduction in metal loss).

Supergravity, complex parameters and the Janis-Newman algorithm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Erbin, Harold; Heurtier, Lucien

2015-08-01

The Demiański-Janis-Newman (DJN) algorithm is an original solution generating technique. For a long time it has been limited to producing rotating solutions, restricted to the case of a metric and real scalar fields, despite the fact that Demiański extended it to include more parameters such as a NUT charge. Recently two independent prescriptions have been given for extending the algorithm to gauge fields and thus electrically charged configurations. In this paper we aim to end setting up the algorithm by providing a missing but important piece, which is how the transformation is applied to complex scalar fields. We illustrate our proposal through several examples taken from N = 2 supergravity, including the stationary BPS solutions from Behrndt et al and Sen's axion-dilaton rotating black hole. Moreover we discuss solutions that include pairs of complex parameters, such as the mass and the NUT charge, or the electric and magnetic charges, and we explain how to perform the algorithm in this context (with the example of Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT and dyonic Kerr-Newman black holes). The final formulation of the DJN algorithm can possibly handle solutions with five of the six Plebański-Demiański parameters along with any type of bosonic fields with spin less than two (exemplified with the stationary Israel-Wilson-Perjes solutions). This provides all the necessary tools for applications to general matter-coupled gravity and to (gauged) supergravity.

Superbranes, D = 11 CJS Supergravity and Enlarged Superspace Coordinates/Fields Correspondence

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Azcarraga, J.A. de; IFIC - CSIC-UVEG, Facultad de Fisica, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia

2005-04-25

We discuss the role of enlarged superspaces in two seemingly different contexts, the structure of the p-brane actions and that of the Cremmer-Julia-Scherk eleven-dimensional supergravity. Both provide examples of a common principle: the existence of an enlarged superspaces coordinates/fields correspondence by which all the (worldvolume or spacetime) fields of the theory are associated to coordinates of enlarged superspaces. In the context of p-branes, enlarged superspaces may be used to construct manifestly supersymmetry-invariant Wess-Zumino terms and as a way of expressing the Born-Infeld worldvolume fields of D-branes and the worldvolume M5-brane two-form in terms of fields associated to the coordinates ofmore » these enlarged superspaces. This is tantamount to saying that the Born-Infeld fields have a superspace origin, as do the other worldvolume fields, and that they have a composite structure. In D=11 supergravity theory enlarged superspaces arise when its underlying gauge structure is investigated and, as a result, the composite nature of the A3 field is revealed: there is a full one-parametric family of enlarged superspace groups that solve the problem of expressing A3 in terms of spacetime fields associated to their coordinates. The corresponding enlarged supersymmetry algebras turn out to be deformations of an expansion of the osp(1 vertical bar 32) algebra. The unifying mathematical structure underlying all these facts is the cohomology of the supersymmetry algebras involved.« less

Towards a complete Δ(27) × SO(10) GUT of flavour

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Björkeroth, Fredrik

2017-09-01

We propose a renormalisable model based on Δ(27) family symmetry with an SO(10) grand unified theory (GUT) leading to a novel form of spontaneous geometrical CP violation. The symmetries are broken close to the GUT breaking scale to yield the minimal supersymmetric standard model with standard R-parity. Low-scale Yukawa structure is dictated by the coupling of matter to Δ(27) antitriplets \\bar φ whose vacuum expectation values are aligned in the CSD3 directions by the superpotential. Light physical Majorana neutrinos masses emerge from the seesaw mechanism within SO(10). The model predicts a normal neutrino mass hierarchy with the best-fit lightest neutrino mass m 1 ∼ 0.3 meV, CP-violating oscillation phase δl ≈ 280° and the remaining neutrino parameters all within 1σ of their best-fit experimental values.

Flavoured Dark Matter moving left

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanke, Monika; Das, Satrajit; Kast, Simon

2018-02-01

We investigate the phenomenology of a simplified model of flavoured Dark Matter (DM), with a dark fermionic flavour triplet coupling to the left-handed SU(2) L quark doublets via a scalar mediator. The DM-quark coupling matrix is assumed to constitute the only new source of flavour and CP violation, following the hypothesis of Dark Minimal Flavour Violation. We analyse the constraints from LHC searches, from meson mixing data in the K, D, and B d,s meson systems, from thermal DM freeze-out, and from direct detection experiments. Our combined analysis shows that while the experimental constraints are similar to the DMFV models with DM coupling to right-handed quarks, the multitude of couplings between DM and the SM quark sector resulting from the SU(2) L structure implies a richer phenomenology and significantly alters the resulting impact on the viable parameter space.

Euclidean supersymmetric solutions with the self-dual Weyl tensor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nozawa, Masato

2017-07-01

We explore the Euclidean supersymmetric solutions admitting the self-dual gauge field in the framework of N = 2 minimal gauged supergravity in four dimensions. According to the classification scheme utilizing the spinorial geometry or the bilinears of Killing spinors, the general solution preserves one quarter of supersymmetry and is described by the Przanowski-Tod class with the self-dual Weyl tensor. We demonstrate that there exists an additional Killing spinor, provided the Przanowski-Tod metric admits a Killing vector that commutes with the principal one. The proof proceeds by recasting the metric into another Przanowski-Tod form. This formalism enables us to show that the self-dual Reissner-Nordström-Taub-NUT-AdS metric possesses a second Killing spinor, which has been missed over many years. We also address the supersymmetry when the Przanowski-Tod space is conformal to each of the self-dual ambi-toric Kähler metrics. It turns out that three classes of solutions are all reduced to the self-dual Carter family, by virtue of the nondegenerate Killing-Yano tensor.

A search for squarks and gluinos using the jets and missing energy signature at DO

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lyon, Adam Leonard

1997-11-01

This thesis reports on a search for evidence of production and decay of squarks (q) and gluinos (g) of Minimal Supergravity (mSUGRA) in pp collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV using the DO detector at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Data corresponding to 79.2 ± 4.2 pb-1 were examined for events with large missing transverse energy (E/!/!/!/!/T), three or more jets, high energy leading jet, and the absence of isolated leptons. Since no events were observed in excess of Standard Model background predictions, limits are placed in the mSUGRA M0-M1/2 plane for fixed parameters tan /beta = 2,/ A0 = 0, and /mu < 0. The excluded region includes all mSUGRA models with m/tilde q < 250 GeV/c2. For small M0, gluinos with mass less than 300 GeV/c2 are excluded. If squarks and gluinos have the same mass, that common mass must be greater than 260 GeV/c2.

Supergravity and the Unification of the Laws of Physics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freedman, Daniel Z.; van Nieuwenhuizen, Peter

1978-01-01

In this new theory the gravitational force arises from a symmetry relating particles with vastly different properties. The ultimate result may be a unified theory of all the basic forces in nature. (Author/BB)

Active viscoelastic matter: from bacterial drag reduction to turbulent solids.

PubMed

Hemingway, E J; Maitra, A; Banerjee, S; Marchetti, M C; Ramaswamy, S; Fielding, S M; Cates, M E

2015-03-06

A paradigm for internally driven matter is the active nematic liquid crystal, whereby the equations of a conventional nematic are supplemented by a minimal active stress that violates time-reversal symmetry. In practice, active fluids may have not only liquid-crystalline but also viscoelastic polymer degrees of freedom. Here we explore the resulting interplay by coupling an active nematic to a minimal model of polymer rheology. We find that adding a polymer can greatly increase the complexity of spontaneous flow, but can also have calming effects, thereby increasing the net throughput of spontaneous flow along a pipe (a "drag-reduction" effect). Remarkably, active turbulence can also arise after switching on activity in a sufficiently soft elastomeric solid.

Active Viscoelastic Matter: From Bacterial Drag Reduction to Turbulent Solids

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hemingway, E. J.; Maitra, A.; Banerjee, S.; Marchetti, M. C.; Ramaswamy, S.; Fielding, S. M.; Cates, M. E.

2015-03-01

A paradigm for internally driven matter is the active nematic liquid crystal, whereby the equations of a conventional nematic are supplemented by a minimal active stress that violates time-reversal symmetry. In practice, active fluids may have not only liquid-crystalline but also viscoelastic polymer degrees of freedom. Here we explore the resulting interplay by coupling an active nematic to a minimal model of polymer rheology. We find that adding a polymer can greatly increase the complexity of spontaneous flow, but can also have calming effects, thereby increasing the net throughput of spontaneous flow along a pipe (a "drag-reduction" effect). Remarkably, active turbulence can also arise after switching on activity in a sufficiently soft elastomeric solid.

Probing non-unitary CP violation effects in neutrino oscillation experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Verma, Surender; Bhardwaj, Shankita

2018-05-01

In the present work, we have considered minimal unitarity violation scheme to obtain the general expression for ν _{μ }→ ν _{τ } oscillation probability in vacuum and matter. For this channel, we have investigated the sensitivities of short baseline experiments to non-unitary parameters |ρ _{μ τ }| and ω _{μ τ } for normal as well as inverted hierarchical neutrino masses and θ _{23} being above or below maximality. We find that for normal hierarchy, the 3σ sensitivity of |ρ _{μ τ }| is maximum for non-unitary phase ω _{μ τ }=0 whereas it is minimum for ω _{μ τ }=± π . For inverted hierarchy, the sensitivity is minimum at ω _{μ τ }=0 and maximum for ω _{μ τ }=± π . We observe that the sensitivity to measure non-unitarity remains unaffected for unitary CP phase δ =0 or δ =π /2 . We have, also, explored wide spectrum of L/E ratio to investigate the possibilities to observe CP-violation due to unitary (δ ) and non-unitary (ω _{μ τ } ) phases. We find that the both phases can be disentangled, in principle, from each other for L/E<200 km/GeV.

Stashing the stops in multijet events at the LHC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diglio, Sara; Feligioni, Lorenzo; Moultaka, Gilbert

2017-09-01

While the presence of a light stop is increasingly disfavored by the experimental limits set on R-parity conserving scenarios, the naturalness of supersymmetry could still be safely concealed in the more challenging final states predicted by the existence of non-null R-parity violating couplings. Although R-parity violating signatures are extensively looked for at the Large Hadron Collider, these searches mostly assume 100% branching ratios for the direct decays of supersymmetric particles into Standard Model ones. In this paper we scrutinize the implications of relaxing this assumption by focusing on one motivated scenario where the lightest stop is heavier than a chargino and a neutralino. Considering a class of R-parity baryon number violating couplings, we show on general grounds that while the direct decay of the stop into Standard Model particles is dominant for large values of these couplings, smaller values give rise, instead, to the dominance of a plethora of longer decay chains and richer final states that have been so far barely analyzed at the LHC, thus weakening the impact of the present experimental stop mass limits. We characterize the case for R-parity baryon number violating couplings in the 10-7-10-1 range, in two different benchmark points scenarios within the model-independent setting of the low-energy phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We identify the different relevant experimental signatures from stop pair production and decays, estimate the corresponding proton-proton cross sections at √{s }=14 TeV and discuss signal versus background issues.

Automorphic properties of low energy string amplitudes in various dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Green, Michael B.; Russo, Jorge G.; Vanhove, Pierre

2010-04-01

This paper explores the moduli-dependent coefficients of higher-derivative interactions that appear in the low-energy expansion of the four-supergraviton amplitude of maximally supersymmetric string theory compactified on a d torus. These automorphic functions are determined for terms up to order ∂6R4 and various values of d by imposing a variety of consistency conditions. They satisfy Laplace eigenvalue equations with or without source terms, whose solutions are given in terms of Eisenstein series, or more general automorphic functions, for certain parabolic subgroups of the relevant U-duality groups. The ultraviolet divergences of the corresponding supergravity field theory limits are encoded in various logarithms, although the string theory expressions are finite. This analysis includes intriguing representations of SL(d) and SO(d,d) Eisenstein series in terms of toroidally compactified one and two-loop string and supergravity amplitudes.

Mass deformations of 5d SCFTs via holography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutperle, Michael; Kaidi, Justin; Raj, Himanshu

2018-02-01

Using six-dimensional Euclidean F (4) gauged supergravity we construct a holographic renormalization group flow for a CFT on S 5. Numerical solutions to the BPS equations are obtained and the free energy of the theory on S 5 is determined holographically by calculation of the renormalized on-shell supergravity action. In the process, we deal with subtle issues such as holographic renormalization and addition of finite counterterms. We then propose a candidate field theory dual to these solutions. This tentative dual is a supersymmetry-preserving deformation of the strongly-coupled non-Lagrangian SCFT derived from the D4-D8 system in string theory. In the IR, this theory is a mass deformation of a USp(2 N ) gauge theory. A localization calculation of the free energy is performed for this IR theory, which for reasonably small values of the deformation parameter is found to have the same qualitative behaviour as the holographic free energy.

Precision lattice test of the gauge/gravity duality at large N

DOE PAGES

Berkowitz, Evan; Rinaldi, Enrico; Hanada, Masanori; ...

2016-11-03

We perform a systematic, large-scale lattice simulation of D0-brane quantum mechanics. The large-N and continuum limits of the gauge theory are taken for the first time at various temperatures 0.4≤T≤1.0. As a way to test the gauge/gravity duality conjecture we compute the internal energy of the black hole as a function of the temperature directly from the gauge theory. We obtain a leading behavior that is compatible with the supergravity result E/N 2=7.41T 14/5: the coefficient is estimated to be 7.4±0.5 when the exponent is fixed and stringy corrections are included. This is the first confirmation of the supergravity predictionmore » for the internal energy of a black hole at finite temperature coming directly from the dual gauge theory. As a result, we also constrain stringy corrections to the internal energy.« less

Entanglement entropy of ABJM theory and entropy of topological black hole

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nian, Jun; Zhang, Xinyu

2017-07-01

In this paper we discuss the supersymmetric localization of the 4D N = 2 offshell gauged supergravity on the background of the AdS4 neutral topological black hole, which is the gravity dual of the ABJM theory defined on the boundary {S}^1× H^2 . We compute the large- N expansion of the supergravity partition function. The result gives the black hole entropy with the logarithmic correction, which matches the previous result of the entanglement entropy of the ABJM theory up to some stringy effects. Our result is consistent with the previous on-shell one-loop computation of the logarithmic correction to black hole entropy. It provides an explicit example of the identification of the entanglement entropy of the boundary conformal field theory with the bulk black hole entropy beyond the leading order given by the classical Bekenstein-Hawking formula, which consequently tests the AdS/CFT correspondence at the subleading order.

M-theory superstrata and the MSW string

DOE PAGES

Bena, Iosif; Martinec, Emil; Turton, David; ...

2017-06-26

The low-energy description of wrapped M5 branes in compactifications of M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold times a circle is given by a conformal field theory studied by Maldacena, Strominger and Witten and known as the MSW CFT. Taking the threefold to be T 6 or K3×T 2, we construct a map between a sub-sector of this CFT and a sub-sector of the D1-D5 CFT. We demonstrate this map by considering a set of D1-D5 CFT states that have smooth horizonless bulk duals, and explicitly constructing the supergravity solutions dual to the corresponding states of the MSW CFT. We thus obtainmore » the largest known class of solutions dual to MSW CFT microstates, and demonstrate that five-dimensional ungauged supergravity admits much larger families of smooth horizonless solutions than previously known.« less

Geometric U-folds in four dimensions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lazaroiu, C. I.; Shahbazi, C. S.

2018-01-01

We describe a general construction of geometric U-folds compatible with a non-trivial extension of the global formulation of four-dimensional extended supergravity on a differentiable spin manifold. The topology of geometric U-folds depends on certain flat fiber bundles which encode how supergravity fields are globally glued together. We show that smooth non-trivial U-folds of this type can exist only in theories where both the scalar and space-time manifolds have non-trivial fundamental group and in addition the scalar map of the solution is homotopically non-trivial. Consistency with string theory requires smooth geometric U-folds to be glued using subgroups of the effective discrete U-duality group, implying that the fundamental group of the scalar manifold of such solutions must be a subgroup of the latter. We construct simple examples of geometric U-folds in a generalization of the axion-dilaton model of \

Fibre inflation and α-attractors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kallosh, Renata; Linde, Andrei; Roest, Diederik; Westphal, Alexander; Yamada, Yusuke

2018-02-01

Fibre inflation is a specific string theory construction based on the Large Volume Scenario that produces an inflationary plateau. We outline its relation to α-attractor models for inflation, with the cosmological sector originating from certain string theory corrections leading to α = 2 and α = 1/2. Above a certain field range, the steepening effect of higher-order corrections leads first to the breakdown of single-field slow-roll and after that to the onset of 2-field dynamics: the overall volume of the extra dimensions starts to participate in the effective dynamics. Finally, we propose effective supergravity models of fibre inflation based on an \\overline{D3} uplift term with a nilpotent superfield. Specific moduli dependent \\overline{D3} induced geometries lead to cosmological fibre models but have in addition a de Sitter minimum exit. These supergravity models motivated by fibre inflation are relatively simple, stabilize the axions and disentangle the Hubble parameter from supersymmetry breaking.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bajc, Borut; Di Luzio, Luca

We show that judiciously chosen R-parity violating terms in the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric SU(5) are able to correct all the phenomenologically wrong mass relations between down quarks and charged leptons. The model can accommodate neutrino masses as well. One of the most striking consequences is a large mixing between the electron and the Higgsino. Finally, we show that this can still be in accord with data in some regions of the parameter space and possibly falsified in future experiments.

Analysis of Nondeterministic Search Patterns for Minimization of UAV Counter-Targeting

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

Defense System NPS Naval Postgraduate School PDF Probability Distribution Function SLS Sea Level Standard UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAS Unmanned Aerial... intelli - gence regarding a target’s position is obtained, or when contact on a known target is lost. The shape of the AOU is often circular or elliptical...exceed this artificial boundary, ensuring that the searcher will never violate the actual area boundary. This constraint still enables the searcher to

Testing no-scale supergravity with the Fermi Space Telescope LAT

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Tianjun; Maxin, James A.; Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.; Walker, Joel W.

2014-05-01

We describe a methodology for testing no-scale supergravity by the LAT instrument onboard the Fermi Space Telescope via observation of gamma ray emissions from lightest supersymmetric (SUSY) neutralino annihilations. For our test vehicle we engage the framework of the SUSY grand unified model no-scale flipped SU(5) with extra vector-like flippon multiplets derived from F-theory, known as { F}-SU(5). We show that through compression of the light stau and light bino neutralino mass difference, where internal bremsstrahlung photons give a dominant contribution, the photon yield from annihilation of SUSY dark matter can be elevated to a number of events potentially observable by the Fermi-LAT in the coming years. Likewise, the increased yield in no-scale { F}-SU(5) may also have rendered the existing observation of a 133 GeV monochromatic gamma ray line visible, if additional data should exclude systematic or statistical explanations. The question of intensity aside, no-scale { F}-SU(5) can indeed provide a natural weakly interacting massive particle candidate with a mass in the correct range to yield γγ and γZ emission lines at mχ ˜ 133 GeV and mχ ˜ 145 GeV, respectively. Additionally, we elucidate the emerging empirical connection between recent Planck satellite data and no-scale supergravity cosmological models which mimic the Starobinsky model of inflation. Together, these experiments furnish rich alternate avenues for testing no-scale { F}-SU(5), and similarly structured models, the results of which may lend independent credence to observations made at the Large Hadron Collider.

Some finite terms from ladder diagrams in three and four loop maximal supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Anirban

2015-10-01

We consider the finite part of the leading local interactions in the low energy expansion of the four graviton amplitude from the ladder skeleton diagrams in maximal supergravity on T 2, at three and four loops. At three loops, we express the {D}8{{R}}4 and {D}10{{R}}4 amplitudes as integrals over the moduli space of an underlying auxiliary geometry. These amplitudes are evaluated exactly for special values of the the moduli of the auxiliary geometry, where the integrand simplifies. We also perform a similar analysis for the {D}8{{R}}4 amplitude at four loops that arise from the ladder skeleton diagrams for a special value of a parameter in the moduli space of the auxiliary geometry. While the dependence of the amplitudes on the volume of the T 2 is very simple, the dependence on the complex structure of the T 2 is quite intricate. In some of the cases, the amplitude consists of terms each of which factorizes into a product of two {SL}(2,{{Z}}) invariant modular forms. While one of the factors is a non-holomorphic Eisenstein series, the other factor splits into a sum of modular forms each of which satisfies a Poisson equation on moduli space with source terms that are bilinear in the Eisenstein series. This leads to several possible perturbative contributions unto genus 5 in type II string theory on S1. Unlike the one and two loop supergravity analysis, these amplitudes also receive non-perturbative contributions from bound states of three D-(anti)instantons in the IIB theory.

Controlled flavour changing neutral couplings in two Higgs Doublet models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alves, Joao M.; Botella, Francisco J.; Branco, Gustavo C.; Cornet-Gomez, Fernando; Nebot, Miguel

2017-09-01

We propose a class of two Higgs doublet models where there are flavour changing neutral currents (FCNC) at tree level, but under control due to the introduction of a discrete symmetry in the full Lagrangian. It is shown that in this class of models, one can have simultaneously FCNC in the up and down sectors, in contrast to the situation encountered in the renormalisable and minimal flavour violating 2HDM models put forward by Branco et al. (Phys Lett B 380:119, 1996). The intensity of FCNC is analysed and it is shown that in this class of models one can respect all the strong constraints from experiment without unnatural fine-tuning. It is pointed out that the additional sources of flavour and CP violation are such that they can enhance significantly the generation of the Bbaryon asymmetry of the Universe, with respect to the standard model.

[Injuries and fatalities caused by gas-/warning weapons].

PubMed

Maxeiner, H; Schneider, V

1989-01-01

Detailed report of 5 cases of violation with gas or warning firearms, 3 of them lethal. In one case a modified weapon (elongated barrel) and steel bullets were used, resulting in shot of the head with retained missile and lethal bleeding. In the other cases, regular weapons (8 or 9 mm cartridges) were used for contact shots; violation occurred only by the effect of powder gases. One of these cases was a suizide (lethal temporal gunshot), in the other cases shots by another person: a) shot against the arm with large soft-tissue damage (survived); b) and c) shot against the neck with exceeding rupture of the soft tissues, minimal damage of the neck arteries and in one cases bilateral tears of the hypopharynx. In this case a delayed death after primarily well operated injury occurred after 12 days by bleeding into the airways from ruptured external carotid artery.

Boundary States and Broken Bulk Symmetries in WAr Minimal Models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Caldeira, Alexandre F.; Wheater, J. F.

We review the free-field formalism for boundary states. The multi-component free-field formalism is then used to study the boundary states of (p',p) rational conformal field theories having a W symmetry of the type Ar. We show how the classification of primary fields for these models is obtained by demanding modular covariance of cylinder amplitudes and that the resulting modular S matrix satisfies all the necessary conditions. Basis states satisfying the boundary conditions are found in the form of coherent states and as expected we find that W violating states can be found for all these models. We construct consistent physical boundary states for all the rank 2 (p + 1,p) models (of which the already known case of the 3-state Potts model is the simplest example) and find that the W violating sector possesses a direct analogue of the Verlinde formula.

A simulator study for the development and evaluation of operating procedures on a supersonic cruise research transport to minimize airport-community noise

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Grantham, W. D.; Smith, P. M.; Deal, P. L.

1980-01-01

Piloted-simulator studies were conducted to determine takeoff and landing operating procedures for a supersonic cruise research transport concept that result in predicted noise levels which meet current Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification standards. With the use of standard FAA noise certification test procedures, the subject simulated aircraft did not meet the FAA traded-noise-level standards during takeoff and landing. However, with the use of advanced procedures, this aircraft meets the traded-noise-level standards for flight crews with average skills. The advanced takeoff procedures developed involved violating some of the current Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), but it was not necessary to violate any FAR noise-test conditions during landing approach. Noise contours were also determined for some of the simulated takeoffs and landings in order to indicate the noise-reduction advantages of using operational procedures other than standard.

SuperLFV: An SLHA tool for lepton flavor violating observables in supersymmetric models

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murakami, Brandon

2014-02-01

We introduce SuperLFV, a numerical tool for calculating low-energy observables that exhibit charged lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). As the Large Hadron Collider and MEG, a dedicated μ+→e+γ experiment, are presently acquiring data, there is need for tools that provide rapid discrimination of models that exhibit LFV. SuperLFV accepts a spectrum file compliant with the SUSY Les Houches Accord (SLHA), containing the MSSM couplings and masses with complex phases at the supersymmetry breaking scale. In this manner, SuperLFV is compatible with but divorced from existing SLHA spectrum calculators that provide the low energy spectrum. Hence, input spectra are not confined to the LFV sources provided by established SLHA spectrum calculators. Input spectra may be generated by personal code or by hand, allowing for arbitrary models not supported by existing spectrum calculators.

A note on the Hyper-CR equation, and gauged N = 2 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dunajski, Maciej; Gutowski, Jan; Sabra, Wafic

2018-05-01

We construct a new class of solutions to the dispersionless hyper-CR equation, and show how any solution to this equation gives rise to a supersymmetric Einstein-Maxwell cosmological space-time in (3 + 1)-dimensions.

Working set selection using functional gain for LS-SVM.

PubMed

Bo, Liefeng; Jiao, Licheng; Wang, Ling

2007-09-01

The efficiency of sequential minimal optimization (SMO) depends strongly on the working set selection. This letter shows how the improvement of SMO in each iteration, named the functional gain (FG), is used to select the working set for least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM). We prove the convergence of the proposed method and give some theoretical support for its performance. Empirical comparisons demonstrate that our method is superior to the maximum violating pair (MVP) working set selection.

A call for new physics: The muon anomalous magnetic moment and lepton flavor violation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lindner, Manfred; Platscher, Moritz; Queiroz, Farinaldo S.

2018-02-01

We review how the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g - 2) and the quest for lepton flavor violation are intimately correlated. Indeed the decay μ → eγ is induced by the same amplitude for different choices of in- and outgoing leptons. In this work, we try to address some intriguing questions such as: Which hierarchy in the charged lepton sector one should have in order to reconcile possible signals coming simultaneously from g - 2and lepton flavor violation? What can we learn if the g - 2anomaly is confirmed by the upcoming flagship experiments at FERMILAB and J-PARC, and no signal is seen in the decay μ → eγin the foreseeable future? On the other hand, if the μ → eγdecay is seen in the upcoming years, do we need to necessarily observe a signal also in g - 2?. In this attempt, we generally study the correlation between these observables in a detailed analysis of simplified models. We derive master integrals and fully analytical and exact expressions for both phenomena, and address other flavor violating signals. We investigate under which conditions the observations can be made compatible and discuss their implications. Lastly, we discuss in this context several extensions of the SM, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, Left-Right symmetric model, B- L model, scotogenic model, two Higgs doublet model, Zee-Babu model, 331 model, and Lμ -Lτ, dark photon, seesaw models type I, II and III, and also address the interplay with μ → eee decay and μ- e conversion.

On the origin of Poincaré gauge gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chkareuli, J. L.

2017-06-01

We argue that the origin of Poincaré gauge gravity (PGG) may be related to spontaneous violation of underlying spacetime symmetries involved and appearance of gauge fields as vector Goldstone bosons. In essence, we start with an arbitrary theory of some vector and fermion fields which possesses only global spacetime symmetries, such as Lorentz and translational invariance, in flat Minkowski space. The two vector field multiplets involved are assumed to belong, respectively, to the adjoint (Aμij) and vector (eμi) representations of the starting global Lorentz symmetry. We propose that these prototype vector fields are covariantly constrained, Aμij Aijμ = ±MA2 and eμi eiμ = ±Me2 , that causes a spontaneous violation of the accompanying global symmetries (MA,e are their presumed violation scales). It then follows that the only possible theory compatible with these length-preserving constraints is turned out to be the gauge invariant PGG, while the corresponding massless (pseudo)Goldstone modes are naturally collected in the emergent gauge fields of tetrads and spin-connections. In a minimal theory case being linear in a curvature we unavoidably come to the Einstein-Cartan theory. The extended theories with propagating spin-connection and tetrad modes are also considered and their possible unification with the Standard Model is briefly discussed.

Implications of the Daya Bay observation of θ13 on the leptonic flavor mixing structure and CP violation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xing, Zhi-Zhong

2012-04-01

The Daya Bay collaboration has recently reported its first bar nue → bar nue oscillation result which points to θ13 simeq 8.8° +/- 0.8° (best-fit +/-1σ range) or θ13 ≠ 0° at the 5.2σ level. The fact that this smallest neutrino mixing angle is not strongly suppressed motivates us to look into the underlying structure of lepton flavor mixing and CP violation. Two phenomenological strategies are outlined: (1) the lepton flavor mixing matrix U consists of a constant leading term U0 and a small perturbation term ΔU and (2) the mixing angles of U are associated with the lepton mass ratios. Some typical patterns of U0 are reexamined by constraining their respective perturbations with current experimental data. We illustrate a few possible ways to minimally correct U0 in order to fit the observed values of three mixing angles. We point out that the structure of U may exhibit an approximate μ-τ permutation symmetry in modulus, and reiterate the geometrical description of CP violation in terms of the leptonic unitarity triangles. The salient features of nine distinct parametrizations of U are summarized, and its Wolfenstein-like expansion is presented by taking U0 to be the democratic mixing pattern.

A search for squarks of Rp-violating SUSY at HERA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aid, S.; Andreev, V.; Andrieu, B.; Appuhn, R. D.; Arpagaus, M.; Babaev, A.; Bähr, J.; Bán, J.; Ban, Y.; Baranov, P.; Barrelet, E.; Barschke, R.; Bartel, W.; Barth, M.; Bassler, U.; Beck, H. P.; Behrend, H. J.; Belousov, A.; Berger, Ch.; Bernardi, G.; Bernet, R.; Bertrand-Coremans, G.; Besançon, M.; Beyer, R.; Biddulph, P.; Bispham, P.; Bizot, J. C.; Blobel, V.; Borras, K.; Botterweck, F.; Boudry, V.; Braemer, A.; Braunschweig, W.; Brisson, V.; Bruel, P.; Bruncko, D.; Brune, C.; Buchholz, R.; Büngener, L.; Bürger, J.; Büsser, F. W.; Buniatian, A.; Burke, S.; Burton, M. J.; Buschhorn, G.; Campbell, A. J.; Carli, T.; Charles, F.; Charlet, M.; Clarke, D.; Clegg, A. B.; Clerbaux, B.; Cocks, S.; Contreras, J. G.; Cormack, C.; Coughlan, J. A.; Courau, A.; Cousinou, M. C.; Cozzika, G.; Criegee, L.; Cussans, D. G.; Cvach, J.; Dagoret, S.; Dainton, J. B.; Dau, W. D.; Daum, K.; David, M.; Davis, C. L.; Delcourt, B.; de Roeck, A.; de Wolf, E. A.; Dirkmann, M.; Dixon, P.; di Nezza, P.; Dlugosz, W.; Dollfus, C.; Dowell, J. D.; Dreis, H. B.; Droutskoi, A.; Düllmann, D.; Dünger, O.; Duhm, H.; Ebert, J.; Ebert, T. R.; Eckerlin, G.; Efremenko, V.; Egli, S.; Eichler, R.; Eisele, F.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellison, R. J.; Elsen, E.; Erdmann, M.; Erdmann, W.; Evrard, E.; Fahr, A. B.; Favart, L.; Fedotov, A.; Feeken, D.; Felst, R.; Feltesse, J.; Ferencei, J.; Ferrarotto, F.; Flamm, K.; Fleischer, M.; Flieser, M.; Flügge, G.; Fomenko, A.; Fominykh, B.; Formánek, J.; Foster, J. M.; Franke, G.; Fretwurst, E.; Gabathuler, E.; Gabathuler, K.; Gaede, F.; Garvey, J.; Gayler, J.; Gebauer, M.; Gellrich, A.; Genzel, H.; Gerhards, R.; Glazov, A.; Goerlach, U.; Goerlich, L.; Gogitidze, N.; Goldberg, M.; Goldner, D.; Golec-Biernat, K.; Gonzalez-Pineiro, B.; Gorelov, I.; Grab, C.; Grässler, H.; Grässler, R.; Greenshaw, T.; Griffiths, R.; Grindhammer, G.; Gruber, A.; Gruber, C.; Haack, J.; Haidt, D.; Hajduk, L.; Hampel, M.; Haynes, W. J.; Heinzelmann, G.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Henschel, H.; Herynek, I.; Hess, M. F.; Hildesheim, W.; Hiller, K. H.; Hilton, C. D.; Hladky, J.; Hoeger, K. C.; Höppner, M.; Hoffmann, D.; Holtom, T.; Horisberger, R.; Hudgson, V. L.; Hütte, M.; Hufnagel, H.; Ibbotson, M.; Itterbeck, H.; Jacholkowska, A.; Jacobsson, C.; Jaffre, M.; Janoth, J.; Jansen, T.; Jönsson, L.; Johannsen, K.; Johnson, D. P.; Johnson, L.; Jung, H.; Kalmus, P. I. P.; Kander, M.; Kant, D.; Kaschowitz, R.; Kathage, U.; Katzy, J.; Kaufmann, H. H.; Kaufmann, O.; Kazarian, S.; Kenyon, I. R.; Kermiche, S.; Keuker, C.; Kiesling, C.; Klein, M.; Kleinwort, C.; Knies, G.; Köhler, T.; Köhne, J. H.; Kolanoski, H.; Kole, F.; Kolya, S. D.; Korbel, V.; Korn, M.; Kostka, P.; Kotelnikov, S. K.; Krämerkämper, T.; Krasny, M. W.; Krehbiel, H.; Krücker, D.; Krüger, U.; Krüner-Marquis, U.; Küster, H.; Kuhlen, M.; Kurča, T.; Kurzhöfer, J.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Lander, R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lange, W.; Langenegger, U.; Laporte, J. F.; Lebedev, A.; Lehner, F.; Leverenz, C.; Levonian, S.; Ley, Ch.; Lindström, G.; Lindstroem, M.; Link, J.; Linsel, F.; Lipinski, J.; List, B.; Lobo, G.; Lohmander, H.; Lomas, J. W.; Lopez, G. C.; Lubimov, V.; Lüke, D.; Magnussen, N.; Malinovski, E.; Mani, S.; Maraček, R.; Marage, P.; Marks, J.; Marshall, R.; Martens, J.; Martin, G.; Martin, R.; Martyn, H. U.; Martyniak, J.; Mavroidis, T.; Maxfield, S. J.; McMahon, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Meier, K.; Merz, T.; Meyer, A.; Meyer, A.; Meyer, H.; Meyer, J.; Meyer, P. O.; Migliori, A.; Mikocki, S.; Milstead, D.; Moeck, J.; Moreau, F.; Morris, J. V.; Mroczko, E.; Müller, D.; Müller, G.; Müller, K.; Murín, P.; Nagovizin, V.; Nahnhauer, R.; Naroska, B.; Naumann, Th.; Newman, P. R.; Newton, D.; Neyret, D.; Nguyen, H. K.; Nicholls, T. C.; Niebergall, F.; Niebuhr, C.; Niedzballa, Ch.; Niggli, H.; Nisius, R.; Nowak, G.; Noyes, G. W.; Nyberg-Werther, M.; Oakden, M.; Oberlack, H.; Obrock, U.; Olsson, J. E.; Ozerov, D.; Palmen, P.; Panaro, E.; Panitch, A.; Pascaud, C.; Patel, G. D.; Pawletta, H.; Peppel, E.; Perez, E.; Phillips, J. P.; Pieuchot, A.; Pitzl, D.; Pope, G.; Prell, S.; Prosi, R.; Rabbertz, K.; Rädel, G.; Raupach, F.; Reimer, P.; Reinshagen, S.; Rick, H.; Riech, V.; Riedlberger, J.; Riepenhausen, F.; Riess, S.; Rizvi, E.; Robertson, S. M.; Robmann, P.; Roloff, H. E.; Roosen, R.; Rosenbauer, K.; Rostovtsev, A.; Rouse, F.; Royon, C.; Rüter, K.; Rusakov, S.; Rybicki, K.; Sahlmann, N.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Schacht, P.; Schiek, S.; Schleif, S.; Schleper, P.; von Schlippe, W.; Schmidt, D.; Schmidt, G.; Schöning, A.; Schröder, V.; Schuhmann, E.; Schwab, B.; Sefkow, F.; Seidel, M.; Sell, R.; Semenov, A.; Shekelyan, V.; Sheviakov, I.; Shtarkov, L. N.; Siegmon, G.; Siewert, U.; Sirois, Y.; Skillicorn, I. O.; Smirnov, P.; Smith, J. R.; Solochenko, V.; Soloviev, Y.; Specka, A.; Spiekermann, J.; Spielman, S.; Spitzer, H.; Squinabol, F.; Starosta, R.; Steenbock, M.; Steffen, P.; Steinberg, R.; Steiner, H.; Stella, B.; Stellberger, A.; Stier, J.; Stiewe, J.; Stößlein, U.; Stolze, K.; Straumann, U.; Struczinski, W.; Sutton, J. P.; Tapprogge, S.; Taševský, M.; Tchernyshov, V.; Tchetchelnitski, S.; Theissen, J.; Thiebaux, C.; Thompson, G.; Truöl, P.; Turnau, J.; Tutas, J.; Uelkes, P.; Usik, A.; Valkár, S.; Valkárová, A.; Vallée, C.; Vandenplas, D.; van Esch, P.; van Mechelen, P.; Vazdik, Y.; Verrecchia, P.; Villet, G.; Wacker, K.; Wagener, A.; Wagener, M.; Walther, A.; Waugh, B.; Weber, G.; Weber, M.; Wegener, D.; Wegner, A.; Wengler, T.; Werner, M.; West, L. R.; Wilksen, T.; Willard, S.; Winde, M.; Winter, G. G.; Wittek, C.; Wünsch, E.; Žáček, J.; Zarbock, D.; Zhang, Z.; Zhokin, A.; Zimmer, M.; Zomer, F.; Zsembery, J.; Zuber, K.; Zurnedden, M.

1996-03-01

A search for squarks of R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in ep collisions at HERA using H1 1994 e + data. Direct single production of squarks of each generation by e +-quark fusion via a Yukawa coupling λ' is considered. All possible R-parity violating decays and gauge decays of the squarks are taken into account. No significant deviation from the Standard Model predictions is found in the various multi-lepton and multi-jet final states studied and exclusion limits are derived. At 95% confidence level, the existence of first generation squarks is excluded for masses up to 240 GeV for coupling values λ'≳√4 πα em. The limits obtained are shown to be only weakly dependent on the free parameters of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Stop squarks are excluded for masses up to 138 GeV for coupling λ'×cos θ t to e +d pairs ≳0.1×√4 πα em, where θ t is the mass mixing angle. Light stop squarks are furthermore searched for through pair production in γ-gluon fusion processes. No signal is observed and exclusion limits are derived. Masses in the range 9 to 24.4 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for λ'×cos θ t>10-4.

Scale invariance of the η-deformed AdS5 × S5 superstring, T-duality and modified type II equations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Arutyunov, G.; Frolov, S.; Hoare, B.; Roiban, R.; Tseytlin, A. A.

2016-02-01

We consider the ABF background underlying the η-deformed AdS5 ×S5 sigma model. This background fails to satisfy the standard IIB supergravity equations which indicates that the corresponding sigma model is not Weyl invariant, i.e. does not define a critical string theory in the usual sense. We argue that the ABF background should still define a UV finite theory on a flat 2d world-sheet implying that the η-deformed model is scale invariant. This property follows from the formal relation via T-duality between the η-deformed model and the one defined by an exact type IIB supergravity solution that has 6 isometries albeit broken by a linear dilaton. We find that the ABF background satisfies candidate type IIB scale invariance conditions which for the R-R field strengths are of the second order in derivatives. Surprisingly, we also find that the ABF background obeys an interesting modification of the standard IIB supergravity equations that are first order in derivatives of R-R fields. These modified equations explicitly depend on Killing vectors of the ABF background and, although not universal, they imply the universal scale invariance conditions. Moreover, we show that it is precisely the non-isometric dilaton of the T-dual solution that leads, after T-duality, to modification of type II equations from their standard form. We conjecture that the modified equations should follow from κ-symmetry of the η-deformed model. All our observations apply also to η-deformations of AdS3 ×S3 ×T4and AdS2 ×S2 ×T6models.

Scale invariance of the η-deformed AdS 5 × S 5 superstring, T-duality and modified type II equations

DOE PAGES

Arutyunov, G.; Frolov, S.; Hoare, B.; ...

2015-12-23

We consider the ABF background underlying the η-deformed AdS 5 × S 5 sigma model. This background fails to satisfy the standard IIB supergravity equations which indicates that the corresponding sigma model is not Weyl invariant, i.e. does not define a critical string theory in the usual sense. We argue that the ABF background should still define a UV finite theory on a flat 2d world-sheet implying that the η-deformed model is scale invariant. This property follows from the formal relation via T-duality between the η-deformed model and the one defined by an exact type IIB supergravity solution that hasmore » 6 isometries albeit broken by a linear dilaton. We find that the ABF background satisfies candidate type IIB scale invariance conditions which for the R–R field strengths are of the second order in derivatives. Surprisingly, we also find that the ABF background obeys an interesting modification of the standard IIB supergravity equations that are first order in derivatives of R–R fields. These modified equations explicitly depend on Killing vectors of the ABF background and, although not universal, they imply the universal scale invariance conditions. Moreover, we show that it is precisely the non-isometric dilaton of the T-dual solution that leads, after T-duality, to modification of type II equations from their standard form. We conjecture that the modified equations should follow from κ-symmetry of the η-deformed model. All our observations apply also to η-deformations of AdS 3 × S 3 × T 4 and AdS 2 × S 2 × T 6 models.« less

I in generalized supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Araujo, T.; Ó Colgáin, E.; Sakamoto, J.; Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.; Yoshida, K.

2017-11-01

We showed in previous work that for homogeneous Yang-Baxter (YB) deformations of AdS_5× S^5 the open string metric and coupling and as a result the closed string density e^{-2 Φ } √{g} remain undeformed. In this work, in addition to extending these results to the deformation associated with the modified CYBE or η -deformation, we identify the Page forms as the open string counterpart for RR fields and demonstrate case by case that the non-zero Page forms remain invariant under YB deformations. We give a physical meaning to the Killing vector I of generalized supergravity and show for all YB deformations: (1) I appears as a current for the center of mass motion on the worldvolume of a D-brane probing the background, (2) I is equal to the divergence of the noncommutativity parameter, (3) I exhibits "holographic" behavior where the radial component of I vanishes at the AdS boundary and (4) in pure spinor formalism I is related to a certain state in the BRST cohomology.

Quantum gravity in the Southern Cone Conference. Proceedings. Conference, Bariloche (Argentina), 7 - 10 Jan 1998.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1999-04-01

The following topics are discussed: Black hole formation by canonical dynamics of gravitating shells; canonical quantum gravity; Vassiliev invariants; midisuperspace models; quantum spacetime; large-N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity; world-volume fields and background coupling of branes; gauge enhancement and chirality changes in nonperturbative orbifold models; chiral p-forms; formally renormalizable gravitationally self-interacting string models; gauge supergravities for all odd dimensions; black hole radiation and S-matrix; primordial black holes; fluctuations in a thermal field and dissipation of a black hole spacetime in far-field limit; adiabatic interpretation of particle creation in a de Sitter universe; nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum fields in inflationary cosmology; magnetic fields in the early Universe; classical regime of a quantum universe obtained through a functional method; decoherence and correlations in semiclassical cosmology; fluid of primordial fluctuations; causal statistical mechanics calculation of initial cosmic entropy and quantum gravity prospects and black hole-D-brane correspondence.

Quaternionic (super) twistors extensions and general superspaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cirilo-Lombardo, Diego Julio; Pervushin, Victor N.

2017-09-01

In a attempt to treat a supergravity as a tensor representation, the four-dimensional N-extended quaternionic superspaces are constructed from the (diffeomorphyc) graded extension of the ordinary Penrose-twistor formulation, performed in a previous work of the authors [D. J. Cirilo-Lombardo and V. N. Pervushin, Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys., doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0219887816501139.], with N = p + k. These quaternionic superspaces have 4 + k(N - k) even-quaternionic coordinates and 4N odd-quaternionic coordinates, where each coordinate is a quaternion composed by four ℂ-fields (bosons and fermions respectively). The fields content as the dimensionality (even and odd sectors) of these superspaces are given and exemplified by selected physical cases. In this case, the number of fields of the supergravity is determined by the number of components of the tensor representation of the four-dimensional N-extended quaternionic superspaces. The role of tensorial central charges for any N even USp(N) = Sp(N, ℍℂ) ∩ U(N, ℍℂ) is elucidated from this theoretical context.

Geometric low-energy effective action in a doubled spacetime

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Chen-Te; Pezzella, Franco

2018-05-01

The ten-dimensional supergravity theory is a geometric low-energy effective theory and the equations of motion for its fields can be obtained from string theory by computing β functions. With d compact dimensions, an O (d , d ; Z) geometric structure can be added to it giving the supergravity theory with T-duality manifest. In this paper, this is constructed through the use of a suitable star product whose role is the one to implement the weak constraint on the fields and the gauge parameters in order to have a closed gauge symmetry algebra. The consistency of the action here proposed is based on the orthogonality of the momenta associated with fields in their triple star products in the cubic terms defined for d ≥ 1. This orthogonality holds also for an arbitrary number of star products of fields for d = 1. Finally, we extend our analysis to the double sigma model, non-commutative geometry and open string theory.

Black holes and black strings of N = 2, d = 5 supergravity in the H-FGK formalism

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meessen, Patrick; Ortín, Tomás; Perz, Jan; Shahbazi, C. S.

2012-09-01

We study general classes and properties of extremal and non-extremal static black-hole solutions of N = 2, d = 5 supergravity coupled to vector multiplets using the recently proposed H-FGK formalism, which we also extend to static black strings. We explain how to determine the integration constants and physical parameters of the blackhole and black-string solutions. We derive some model-independent statements, including the transformation of non-extremal flow equations to the form of those for the extremal flow. We apply our methods to the construction of example solutions (among others a new extremal string solution of heterotic string theory on K 3 × S 1). In the cases where we have calculated it explicitly, the product of areas of the inner and outer horizon of a non-extremal solution coincides with the square of the moduli-independent area of the horizon of the extremal solution with the same charges.

Universality of multi-field α-attractors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Achúcarro, Ana; Kallosh, Renata; Linde, Andrei; Wang, Dong-Gang; Welling, Yvette

2018-04-01

We study a particular version of the theory of cosmological α-attractors with α=1/3, in which both the dilaton (inflaton) field and the axion field are light during inflation. The kinetic terms in this theory originate from maximal Script N=4 superconformal symmetry and from maximal Script N=8 supergravity. We show that because of the underlying hyperbolic geometry of the moduli space in this theory, it exhibits double attractor behavior: their cosmological predictions are stable not only with respect to significant modifications of the dilaton potential, but also with respect to significant modifications of the axion potential: nssimeq1‑2/N, rsimeq4/N2. We also show that the universality of predictions extends to other values of α lesssim Script O(1) with general two-field potentials that may or may not have an embedding in supergravity. Our results support the idea that inflation involving multiple, not stabilized, light fields on a hyperbolic manifold may be compatible with current observational constraints for a broad class of potentials.

R4 terms in supergravities via T -duality constraint

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Razaghian, Hamid; Garousi, Mohammad R.

2018-05-01

It has been speculated in the literature that the effective actions of string theories at any order of α' should be invariant under the Buscher rules plus their higher covariant-derivative corrections. This may be used as a constraint to find effective actions at any order of α', in particular, the metric, the B -field, and the dilaton couplings in supergravities at order α'3 up to an overall factor. For the simple case of zero B -field and diagonal metric in which we have done the calculations explicitly, we have found that the constraint fixes almost all of the seven independent Riemann curvature couplings. There is only one term which is not fixed, because when metric is diagonal, the reduction of two R4 terms becomes identical. The Riemann curvature couplings that the T -duality constraint produces for both type II and heterotic theories are fully consistent with the existing couplings in the literature which have been found by the S-matrix and by the sigma-model approaches.

Tunnelling with a negative cosmological constant

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gibbons, G. W.

1996-02-01

The point of this paper is to see what light new results in hyperbolic geometry may throw on gravitational entropy and whether gravitational entropy is relevant for the quantum origin of the universe. We introduce some new gravitational instantons which mediate the birth from nothing of closed universes containing wormholes and suggest that they may contribute to the density matrix of the universe. We also discuss the connection between their gravitational action and the topological and volumetric entropies introduced in hyperbolic geometry. These coincide for hyperbolic 4-manifolds, and increase with increasing topological complexity of the 4-manifold. We raise the question of whether the action also increases with the topological complexity of the initial 3-geometry, measured either by its 3-volume or its Matveev complexity. We point out, in distinction to the non-supergravity case, that universes with domains of negative cosmological constant separated by supergravity domain walls cannot be born from nothing. Finally we point out that our wormholes provide examples of the type of Perpetual Motion machines envisaged by Frolov and Novikov.

Polarized deep inelastic scattering off the neutron from gauge/string duality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gao Jianhua; Mou Zonggang; Department of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100

2010-05-01

We investigate deep inelastic scattering off the polarized 'neutron' using gauge/string duality. The 'neutron' corresponds to a supergravity mode of the neutral dilatino. Through introducing the Pauli interaction term into the action in AdS{sub 5} space, we calculate the polarized deep inelastic structure functions of the 'neutron' in supergravity approximation at large t' Hooft coupling {lambda} and finite x with {lambda}{sup -1/2}<

Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in supergravity and D-term inflation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Antoniadis, I.; Chatrabhuti, A.; Isono, H.; Knoops, R.

2018-05-01

We analyse the consequences of a new gauge invariant Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term proposed recently to a class of inflation models driven by supersymmetry breaking with the inflaton being the superpartner of the goldstino. We first show that charged matter fields can be consistently added with the new term, as well as the standard FI term in supergravity in a Kähler frame where the U(1) is not an R-symmetry. We then show that the slow-roll conditions can be easily satisfied with inflation driven by a D-term depending on the two FI parameters. Inflation starts at initial conditions around the maximum of the potential where the U(1) symmetry is restored and stops when the inflaton rolls down to the minimum describing the present phase of our Universe. The resulting tensor-to-scalar ratio of primordial perturbations can be even at observable values in the presence of higher order terms in the Kähler potential.

The goldstone and goldstino of supersymmetric inflation

DOE PAGES

Kahn, Yonatan; Roberts, Daniel A.; Thaler, Jesse

2015-10-01

Here, we construct the minimal effective field theory (EFT) of supersymmetric inflation, whose field content is a real scalar, the goldstone for time-translation breaking, and a Weyl fermion, the goldstino for supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking. The inflating background can be viewed as a single SUSY-breaking sector, and the degrees of freedom can be efficiently parameterized using constrained superfields. Our EFT is comprised of a chiral superfield X NL containing the goldstino and satisfying X 2 NL = 0, and a real superfield B NL containing both the goldstino and the goldstone, satisfying X NL B NL = B 3 NL =more » 0. We match results from our EFT formalism to existing results for SUSY broken by a fluid background, showing that the goldstino propagates with subluminal velocities. The same effect can also be derived from the unitary gauge gravitino action after embedding our EFT in supergravity. If the gravitino mass is comparable to the Hubble scale during inflation, we identify a new parameter in the EFT related to a time-dependent phase of the gravitino mass parameter. We briefly comment on the leading contributions of goldstino loops to inflationary observables.« less

Search for evidence of supersymmetry in the like-sign dimuon channel at the DO experiment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yurkewicz, Adam

Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a proposed symmetry between fermions and bosons. If this symmetry does exist, it is clearly broken since only half of the particle spectrum is observed. One model which provides a simple breaking mechanism is called minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) inspired SUSY. One clean final state predicted by this model is a trilepton final state from chargino and neutralino decays. In this analysis, these events are sought in 239 +/- 16 pb -1 of DO Run II data by requiring like-sign dimuon pairs. Requiring only two muons increases the signal acceptance, and adding the like-sign requirement reduces the Standard Model background from Drell-Yan dimuon pairs and the various resonances in the dimuon spectrum. The reach into some parts of mSUGRA parameter space will be greater when searching with the like-sign dilepton final state than the trilepton final state. Combining results from a search in the like-sign dilepton channels with searches in the trilepton channels provides increased sensitivity in the search for supersymmetry. In this dissertation, the best-ever DO limit on the total cross section for associated chargino and neutralino production with leptonic final states is presented.

Automated Systematic Generation and Exploration of Flat Direction Phenomenology in Free Fermionic Heterotic String Theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Greenwald, Jared

Any good physical theory must resolve current experimental data as well as offer predictions for potential searches in the future. The Standard Model of particle physics, Grand Unied Theories, Minimal Supersymmetric Models and Supergravity are all attempts to provide such a framework. However, they all lack the ability to predict many of the parameters that each of the theories utilize. String theory may yield a solution to this naturalness (or self-predictiveness) problem as well as offer a unifed theory of gravity. Studies in particle physics phenomenology based on perturbative low energy analysis of various string theories can help determine the candidacy of such models. After a review of principles and problems leading up to our current understanding of the universe, we will discuss some of the best particle physics model building techniques that have been developed using string theory. This will culminate in the introduction of a novel approach to a computational, systematic analysis of the various physical phenomena that arise from these string models. We focus on the necessary assumptions, complexity and open questions that arise while making a fully-automated at direction analysis program.

Electroweak symmetry breaking and collider signatures in the next-to-minimal composite Higgs model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niehoff, Christoph; Stangl, Peter; Straub, David M.

2017-04-01

We conduct a detailed numerical analysis of the composite pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Higgs model based on the next-to-minimal coset SO(6)/SO(5) ≅ SU(4)/Sp(4), featuring an additional SM singlet scalar in the spectrum, which we allow to mix with the Higgs boson. We identify regions in parameter space compatible with all current exper-imental constraints, including radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, flavour physics, and direct searches at colliders. We find the additional scalar, with a mass predicted to be below a TeV, to be virtually unconstrained by current LHC data, but potentially in reach of run 2 searches. Promising indirect searches include rare semi-leptonic B decays, CP violation in B s mixing, and the electric dipole moment of the neutron.

CP violations in the Universe

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Auriemma, Giulio

2003-12-01

The origin of the asymmetry between matter and antimatter that is evident in our part of the Universe is one of the open questions in cosmology, because the CPT symmetry between matter and antimatter seems to be absolutely conserved at microscopic level. We repeat here the classical proofs which exclude the viability of a Universe baryon symmetric on the average, or the observed asymmetry as an initial conditions. The current understanding is that the asymmetry should have been dynamically generated before nucleosynthesis, by B, C, and CP violating processes, acting out of thermodynamical equilibrium, as suggested by Sakharov in the 70's. The physical realizations of these conditions would be possible, in principle, also in the framework of the Standard Model of elementary particles, but the present limits on the mass of the higgs particle exclude this possibility. Finally we present the model of baryogenesis through leptogenesis, which is allowed by a minimal extension of the Standard Model, which has the appeal of being testable in future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.

Constraining the top-Higgs sector of the standard model effective field theory

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cirigliano, V.; Dekens, W.; de Vries, J.; Mereghetti, E.

2016-08-01

Working in the framework of the Standard Model effective field theory, we study chirality-flipping couplings of the top quark to Higgs and gauge bosons. We discuss in detail the renormalization-group evolution to lower energies and investigate direct and indirect contributions to high- and low-energy C P -conserving and C P -violating observables. Our analysis includes constraints from collider observables, precision electroweak tests, flavor physics, and electric dipole moments. We find that indirect probes are competitive or dominant for both C P -even and C P -odd observables, even after accounting for uncertainties associated with hadronic and nuclear matrix elements, illustrating the importance of including operator mixing in constraining the Standard Model effective field theory. We also study scenarios where multiple anomalous top couplings are generated at the high scale, showing that while the bounds on individual couplings relax, strong correlations among couplings survive. Finally, we find that enforcing minimal flavor violation does not significantly affect the bounds on the top couplings.

Identification of task demands and usability issues in police use of mobile computing terminals.

PubMed

Zahabi, Maryam; Kaber, David

2018-01-01

Crash reports from various states in the U.S. have shown high numbers of emergency vehicle crashes, especially in law enforcement situations. This study identified the perceived importance and frequency of police mobile computing terminal (MCT) tasks, quantified the demands of different tasks using a cognitive performance modeling methodology, identified usability violations of current MCT interface designs, and formulated design recommendations for an enhanced interface. Results revealed that "access call notes", "plate number check" and "find location on map" are the most important and frequently performed tasks for officers. "Reading plate information" was also found to be the most visually and cognitively demanding task-method. Usability principles of "using simple and natural dialog" and "minimizing user memory load" were violated by the current MCT interface design. The enhanced design showed potential for reducing cognitive demands and task completion time. Findings should be further validated using a driving simulation study. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hints for new sources of flavour violation in meson mixing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanke, M.

2017-07-01

The recent results by the Fermilab-Lattice and MILC collaborations on the hadronic matrix elements entering B_{d,s} - bar{B}_{d,s} mixing show a significant tension of the measured values of the mass differences Δ M_{d,s} with their SM predictions. We review the implications of these results in the context of Constrained Minimal Flavour Violation models. In these models, the CKM elements γ and \\vert V_{ub}\\vert/\\vert V_{cb}\\vert can be determined from B_{d,s} - bar{B}_{d,s} mixing observables, yielding a prediction for γ below its tree-level value. Determining subsequently \\vert V_{cb}\\vert from the measured value of either Δ M_s or ɛ_K gives inconsistent results, with the tension being smallest in the Standard Model limit. This tension can be resolved if the flavour universality of new contributions to Δ F = 2 observables is broken. We briefly discuss the case of U(2)^3 flavour models as an illustrative example.

Using lean "automation with a human touch" to improve medication safety: a step closer to the "perfect dose".

PubMed

Ching, Joan M; Williams, Barbara L; Idemoto, Lori M; Blackmore, C Craig

2014-08-01

Virginia Mason Medical Center (Seattle) employed the Lean concept of Jidoka (automation with a human touch) to plan for and deploy bar code medication administration (BCMA) to hospitalized patients. Integrating BCMA technology into the nursing work flow with minimal disruption was accomplished using three steps ofJidoka: (1) assigning work to humans and machines on the basis of their differing abilities, (2) adapting machines to the human work flow, and (3) monitoring the human-machine interaction. Effectiveness of BCMA to both reinforce safe administration practices and reduce medication errors was measured using the Collaborative Alliance for Nursing Outcomes (CALNOC) Medication Administration Accuracy Quality Study methodology. Trained nurses observed a total of 16,149 medication doses for 3,617 patients in a three-year period. Following BCMA implementation, the number of safe practice violations decreased from 54.8 violations/100 doses (January 2010-September 2011) to 29.0 violations/100 doses (October 2011-December 2012), resulting in an absolute risk reduction of 25.8 violations/100 doses (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.7, 27.9, p < .001). The number of medication errors decreased from 5.9 errors/100 doses at baseline to 3.0 errors/100 doses after BCMA implementation (absolute risk reduction: 2.9 errors/100 doses [95% CI: 2.2, 3.6,p < .001]). The number of unsafe administration practices (estimate, -5.481; standard error 1.133; p < .001; 95% CI: -7.702, -3.260) also decreased. As more hospitals respond to health information technology meaningful use incentives, thoughtful, methodical, and well-managed approaches to technology deployment are crucial. This work illustrates how Jidoka offers opportunities for a smooth transition to new technology.

Dilatonic parallelizable NS-NS backgrounds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kawano, Teruhiko; Yamaguchi, Satoshi

2003-08-01

We complete the classification of parallelizable NS-NS backgrounds in type II supergravity by adding the dilatonic case to the result of Figueroa-O'Farrill on the non-dilatonic case. We also study the supersymmetry of these parallelizable backgrounds. It is shown that all the dilatonic parallelizable backgrounds have sixteen supersymmetries.

From osp(1|32)⊕osp(1|32) to the M-theory superalgebra: a contraction procedure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fernández, J. J., E-mail: julio.j.fernandez@hotmail.es; Izquierdo, J. M., E-mail: izquierd@fta.uva.es; Olmo, M. A. del, E-mail: olmo@fta.uva.es

We show the impossibility to obtain the D’auria–Fré-type superalgebras that allow for an underlying gauge theoretical structure of D = 11 supergravity from the superalgebra osp(1|32)⊕osp(1|32)−, by means of aWeimar-Woods contraction.

Unified models of neutrinos, flavour and CP Violation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

King, S. F.

2017-05-01

Recent data from neutrino experiments gives intriguing hints about the mass ordering, the CP violating phase and non-maximal atmospheric mixing. There seems to be a (one sigma) preference for a normal ordered (NO) neutrino mass pattern, with a CP phase δ = - 100 ° ± 50 °, and (more significantly) non-maximal atmospheric mixing. Global fits for the NO case yield lepton mixing angle one sigma ranges: θ23 ≈ 41.4 ° ± 1.6 °, θ12 ≈ 33.2 ° ± 1.2 °, θ13 ≈ 8.45 ° ± 0.15 °. Cosmology gives a limit on the total of the three masses to be below about 0.23 eV, favouring hierarchical neutrino masses over quasi-degenerate masses. Given such experimental advances, it seems an opportune moment to review the theoretical status of attempts to explain such a pattern of neutrino masses and lepton mixing, focusing on approaches based on the four pillars of: predictivity, minimality, robustness and unification. Predictivity can result from various mixing sum rules whose status is reviewed. Minimality can follow from the type I seesaw mechanism, including constrained sequential dominance of right-handed (RH) neutrinos, and the littlest seesaw model. Robustness requires enforcing a discrete CP and non-Abelian family symmetry, spontaneously broken by flavons with the symmetry preserved in a semi-direct way. Unification can account for all lepton and quark masses, mixing angles and CP phases, as in Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories of Flavour, with possible string theory origin.

Search for R -parity violating supersymmetry with displaced vertices in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV

DOE PAGES

Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.; ...

2017-01-25

Results are reported from a search for R-parity violating supersymmetry in proton-proton collision events collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV. Here, the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 17.6 fb –1. This search assumes a minimal flavor violating model in which the lightest supersymmetric particle is a long-lived neutralino or gluino, leading to a signal with jets emanating from displaced vertices. In a sample of events with two displaced vertices, no excess yield above the expectation from standard model processes is observed, and limits are placed on the pair productionmore » cross section as a function of mass and lifetime of the neutralino or gluino. At 95% confidence level, the analysis excludes cross sections above approximately 1 fb for neutralinos or gluinos with mass between 400 and 1500 GeV and mean proper decay length between 1 and 30 mm. Gluino masses are excluded below 1 and 1.3 TeV for mean proper decay lengths of 300 μm an 1 mm, respectively, and below 1.4 TeV for the range 2–30 mm. The results are also applicable to other models in which long-lived particles decay into multijet final states.« less

Search for R -parity violating supersymmetry with displaced vertices in proton-proton collisions at s = 8 TeV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.

Results are reported from a search for R-parity violating supersymmetry in proton-proton collision events collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV. Here, the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 17.6 fb –1. This search assumes a minimal flavor violating model in which the lightest supersymmetric particle is a long-lived neutralino or gluino, leading to a signal with jets emanating from displaced vertices. In a sample of events with two displaced vertices, no excess yield above the expectation from standard model processes is observed, and limits are placed on the pair productionmore » cross section as a function of mass and lifetime of the neutralino or gluino. At 95% confidence level, the analysis excludes cross sections above approximately 1 fb for neutralinos or gluinos with mass between 400 and 1500 GeV and mean proper decay length between 1 and 30 mm. Gluino masses are excluded below 1 and 1.3 TeV for mean proper decay lengths of 300 μm an 1 mm, respectively, and below 1.4 TeV for the range 2–30 mm. The results are also applicable to other models in which long-lived particles decay into multijet final states.« less

An Example of an Improvable Rao-Blackwell Improvement, Inefficient Maximum Likelihood Estimator, and Unbiased Generalized Bayes Estimator.

PubMed

Galili, Tal; Meilijson, Isaac

2016-01-02

The Rao-Blackwell theorem offers a procedure for converting a crude unbiased estimator of a parameter θ into a "better" one, in fact unique and optimal if the improvement is based on a minimal sufficient statistic that is complete. In contrast, behind every minimal sufficient statistic that is not complete, there is an improvable Rao-Blackwell improvement. This is illustrated via a simple example based on the uniform distribution, in which a rather natural Rao-Blackwell improvement is uniformly improvable. Furthermore, in this example the maximum likelihood estimator is inefficient, and an unbiased generalized Bayes estimator performs exceptionally well. Counterexamples of this sort can be useful didactic tools for explaining the true nature of a methodology and possible consequences when some of the assumptions are violated. [Received December 2014. Revised September 2015.].

Cognitive mechanisms for the evolution of religious thought.

PubMed

Fondevila, Sabela; Martín-Loeches, Manuel

2013-09-01

The reasons behind the cultural persistence of religious beliefs throughout human history and prehistory still generate unanswered questions requiring scientific explanations. Within the framework of the cognitive science of religion, this article reviews experimental evidence supporting human predisposition for religious thinking and focuses on the hypothesis that a reason why religious beliefs are successful is their minimal counterintuitiveness. According to this hypothesis, religious concepts or stories would be characterized by containing only a small number of world-knowledge violations, which attracts attention while improving memorizability. We conclude this review by summarizing recent findings from our group using brain electrical activity and delving further into these questions. Our research suggests parallels between the natural tendency of the human cognitive system to use metaphors and the minimal counterintuitiveness of religious beliefs. © 2013 New York Academy of Sciences.

Gauged lepton flavour

DOE PAGES

Alonso, Rodrigo; Fernandez Martinez, Enrique; Gavela, M. B.; ...

2016-12-22

The gauging of the lepton flavour group is considered in the Standard Model context and in its extension with three right-handed neutrinos. The anomaly cancellation conditions lead to a Seesaw mechanism as underlying dynamics for all leptons; in addition, it requires a phenomenologically viable setup which leads to Majorana masses for the neutral sector: the type I Seesaw Lagrangian in the Standard Model case and the inverse Seesaw in the extended model. Within the minimal extension of the scalar sector, the Yukawa couplings are promoted to scalar fields in the bifundamental of the flavour group. The resulting low-energy Yukawa couplingsmore » are proportional to inverse powers of the vacuum expectation values of those scalars; the protection against flavour changing neutral currents differs from that of Minimal Flavour Violation. In every case, the μ - τ flavour sector exhibits rich and promising phenomenological signals.« less

Concurrence of assistance and Mermin inequality on three-qubit pure states

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chi, Dong Pyo; Kim, Taewan; Lee, Kyungjin

2010-04-15

We study a relation between the concurrence of assistance and the Mermin inequality on three-qubit pure states and claim that if a three-qubit pure state has a minimal concurrence of assistance greater than 1/2 then the state violates some Mermin inequality. In this work, we analytically show that our claim holds for several classes and also find that it can be generalized to the set of all three-qubit pure states by exploiting previous numerical work [C. Emary and C. W. J. Beenakker, Phys. Rev. A 69, 032317 (2004)].

Type IIB flux vacua from G-theory II

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Candelas, Philip; Constantin, Andrei; Damian, Cesar; Larfors, Magdalena; Morales, Jose Francisco

2015-02-01

We find analytic solutions of type IIB supergravity on geometries that locally take the form Mink × M 4 × ℂ with M 4 a generalised complex manifold. The solutions involve the metric, the dilaton, NSNS and RR flux potentials (oriented along the M 4) parametrised by functions varying only over ℂ. Under this assumption, the supersymmetry equations are solved using the formalism of pure spinors in terms of a finite number of holomorphic functions. Alternatively, the solutions can be viewed as vacua of maximally supersymmetric supergravity in six dimensions with a set of scalar fields varying holomorphically over ℂ. For a class of solutions characterised by up to five holomorphic functions, we outline how the local solutions can be completed to four-dimensional flux vacua of type IIB theory. A detailed study of this global completion for solutions with two holomorphic functions has been carried out in the companion paper [1]. The fluxes of the global solutions are, as in F-theory, entirely codified in the geometry of an auxiliary K3 fibration over ℂℙ1. The results provide a geometric construction of fluxes in F-theory.

A locally supersymmetric SO(10, 2) invariant action for D = 12 supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Castellani, Leonardo

2017-06-01

We present an action for N = 1 supergravity in 10 + 2 dimensions, containing the gauge fields of the OSp(1|64) superalgebra, i.e. one-forms B ( n) with n=1,2,5,6,9,10 antisymmetric D=12 Lorentz indices and a Majorana gravitino ψ. The vielbein and spin connection correspond to B (1) and B (2) respectively. The action is not gauge invariant under the full OSp(1|64) superalgebra, but only under a subalgebra \\tilde{F} (containing the F algebra OSp(1|32)), whose gauge fields are B (2), B (6), B (10) and the Weyl projected Majorana gravitino 1/2(1+{Γ}_{13})ψ . Supersymmetry transformations are therefore generated by a Majorana-Weyl supercharge and, being part of a gauge superalgebra, close off-shell. The action is simply ∫ STr( R 6 Γ) where R is the OSp(1|64) curvature supermatrix two-form, and Γ is a constant supermatrix involving Γ13 and breaking OSp(1|64) to its \\tilde{F} subalgebra. The usual Einstein-Hilbert term is included in the action.

The large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Maldacena, Juan

1999-07-01

We show that the large N limit of certain conformal field theories in various dimensions include in their Hilbert space a sector describing supergravity on the product of Anti-deSitter spacetimes, spheres and other compact manifolds. This is shown by taking some branes in the full M/string theory and then taking a low energy limit where the field theory on the brane decouples from the bulk. We observe that, in this limit, we can still trust the near horizon geometry for large N. The enhanced supersymmetries of the near horizon geometry correspond to the extra supersymmetry generators present in the superconformal group (as opposed to just the super-Poincare group). The 't Hooft limit of 3+1N=4 super-Yang-Mills at the conformal point is shown to contain strings: they are IIB strings. We conjecture that compactifications of M/string theory on various Anti-deSitter spacetimes is dual to various conformal field theories. This leads to a new proposal for a definition of M-theory which could be extended to include five non-compact dimensions.

The toric SO(10) F-theory landscape

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buchmüller, W.; Dierigl, M.; Oehlmann, P.-K.; Rühle, F.

2017-12-01

Supergravity theories in more than four dimensions with grand unified gauge symmetries are an important intermediate step towards the ultraviolet completion of the Standard Model in string theory. Using toric geometry, we classify and analyze six-dimensional F-theory vacua with gauge group SO(10) taking into account Mordell-Weil U(1) and discrete gauge factors. We determine the full matter spectrum of these models, including charged and neutral SO(10) singlets. Based solely on the geometry, we compute all matter multiplicities and confirm the cancellation of gauge and gravitational anomalies independent of the base space. Particular emphasis is put on symmetry enhancements at the loci of matter fields and to the frequent appearance of superconformal points. They are linked to non-toric Kähler deformations which contribute to the counting of degrees of freedom. We compute the anomaly coefficients for these theories as well by using a base-independent blow-up procedure and superconformal matter transitions. Finally, we identify six-dimensional supergravity models which can yield the Standard Model with high-scale supersymmetry by further compactification to four dimensions in an Abelian flux background.

$$ \\mathcal{N} $$ = 2 supersymmetric Janus solutions and flows: From gauged supergravity to M theory

DOE PAGES

Pilch, Krzysztof; Tyukov, Alexander; Warner, Nicholas P.

2016-05-02

In this study, we investigate a family of SU(3)×U(1)×U(1)-invariant holographic flows and Janus solutions obtained from gaugedmore » $$ \\mathcal{N} $$ = 8 supergravity in four dimensions. We give complete details of how to use the uplift formulae to obtain the corresponding solutions in M theory. While the flow solutions appear to be singular from the four-dimensional perspective, we find that the eleven-dimensional solutions are much better behaved and give rise to interesting new classes of compactification geometries that are smooth, up to orbifolds, in the infra-red limit. Our solutions involve new phases in which M2 branes polarize partially or even completely into M5 branes. We derive the eleven-dimensional supersymmetries and show that the eleven-dimensional equations of motion and BPS equations are indeed satisfied as a consequence of their four-dimensional counterparts. Apart from elucidating a whole new class of eleven-dimensional Janus and flow solutions, our work provides extensive and highly non-trivial tests of the recently-derived uplift formulae.« less

The wasteland of random supergravities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marsh, David; McAllister, Liam; Wrase, Timm

2012-03-01

We show that in a general {N} = {1} supergravity with N ≫ 1 scalar fields, an exponentially small fraction of the de Sitter critical points are metastable vacua. Taking the superpotential and Kähler potential to be random functions, we construct a random matrix model for the Hessian matrix, which is well-approximated by the sum of a Wigner matrix and two Wishart matrices. We compute the eigenvalue spectrum analytically from the free convolution of the constituent spectra and find that in typical configurations, a significant fraction of the eigenvalues are negative. Building on the Tracy-Widom law governing fluctuations of extreme eigenvalues, we determine the probability P of a large fluctuation in which all the eigenvalues become positive. Strong eigenvalue repulsion makes this extremely unlikely: we find P ∝ exp(- c N p ), with c, p being constants. For generic critical points we find p ≈ 1 .5, while for approximately-supersymmetric critical points, p ≈ 1 .3. Our results have significant implications for the counting of de Sitter vacua in string theory, but the number of vacua remains vast.

Dynamical symmetry enhancement near N = 2, D = 4 gauged supergravity horizons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gutowski, J.; Mohaupt, T.; Papadopoulos, G.

2017-03-01

We show that all smooth Killing horizons with compact horizon sections of 4-dimensional gauged N = 2 supergravity coupled to any number of vector multiplets preserve 2{c}_1(K)+4ℓ supersymmetries, where K is a pull-back of the Hodge bundle of the special Kähler manifold on the horizon spatial section. We also demonstrate that all such horizons with {c}_1(K)=0 exhibit an sl(2,R) symmetry and preserve either 4 or 8 supersymmetries. If the orbits of the sl(2,R) symmetry are 2-dimensional, the horizons are warped products of AdS2 with the horizon spatial section. Otherwise, the horizon section admits an isometry which preserves all the fields. The proof of these results is centered on the use of index theorem in conjunction with an appropriate generalization of the Lichnerowicz theorem for horizons that preserve at least one supersymmetry. In all {c}_1(K)=0 cases, we specify the local geometry of spatial horizon sections and demonstrate that the solutions are determined by first order non-linear ordinary differential equations on some of the fields.

Worldsheet factorization for twistor-strings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Adamo, Tim

2014-04-01

We study the multiparticle factorization properties of two worldsheet theories which — at tree-level — describe the scattering of massless particles in four dimensions: the Berkovits-Witten twistor-string for = 4 super-Yang-Mills coupled to = 4 conformal supergravity, and the Skinner twistor-string for = 8 supergravity. By considering these string-like theories, we can study factorization at the level of the worldsheet before any Wick contractions or integrals have been performed; this is much simpler than considering the factorization properties of the amplitudes themselves. In Skinner's twistor-string this entails the addition of worldsheet gravity as well as a formalism that represents all external states in a manifestly symmetric way, which we develop explicitly at genus zero. We confirm that the scattering amplitudes of Skinner's theory, as well as the gauge theory amplitudes for the planar sector of the Berkovits-Witten theory, factorize appropriately at genus zero. In the non-planar sector, we find behavior indicative of conformal gravity in the Berkovits-Witten twistor-string. We contrast factorization in twistor-strings with the story in ordinary string theory, and also make some remarks on higher genus factorization and disconnected prescriptions.

IIB duals of D = 3 {N} = 4 circular quivers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Assel, Benjamin; Bachas, Costas; Estes, John; Gomis, Jaume

2012-12-01

We construct the type-IIB AdS4 ⋉ K supergravity solutions which are dual to the three-dimensional {N} = 4 superconformal field theories that arise as infrared fixed points of circular-quiver gauge theories. These superconformal field theories are labeled by a triple ( {ρ, hat{ρ},L} ) subject to constraints, where ρ and hat{ρ} are two partitions of a number N, and L is a positive integer. We show that in the limit of large L the localized five- branes in our solutions are effectively smeared, and these type-IIB solutions are dual to the near-horizon geometry of M-theory M2-branes at a {{{{{{C}}^4}}} / {{( {{Z_k}× {Z_{widehat{k}}}} )}} .} orbifold singularity. Our IIB solutions resolve the singularity into localized five-brane throats, without breaking the conformal symmetry. The constraints satisfied by the triple ( {ρ, hat{ρ},L} ) , together with the enhanced non-abelian flavour symmetries of the superconformal field theories are precisely reproduced by the type-IIB supergravity solutions. As a bonus, we uncover a novel type of "orbifold equivalence" between different quantum field theories and provide quantitative evidence for this equivalence.

Higher derivatives in Type II and M-theory on Calabi-Yau threefolds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grimm, Thomas W.; Mayer, Kilian; Weissenbacher, Matthias

2018-02-01

The four- and five-dimensional effective actions of Calabi-Yau threefold compactifications are derived with a focus on terms involving up to four space-time derivatives. The starting points for these reductions are the ten- and eleven-dimensional supergravity actions supplemented with the known eight-derivative corrections that have been inferred from Type II string amplitudes. The corrected background solutions are determined and the fluctuations of the Kähler structure of the compact space and the form-field back-ground are discussed. It is concluded that the two-derivative effective actions for these fluctuations only takes the expected supergravity form if certain additional ten- and eleven-dimensional higher-derivative terms for the form-fields are included. The main results on the four-derivative terms include a detailed treatment of higher-derivative gravity coupled to Kähler structure deformations. This is supplemented by a derivation of the vector sector in reductions to five dimensions. While the general result is only given as an expansion in the fluctuations, a complete treatment of the one-Kähler modulus case is presented for both Type II theories and M-theory.

The 6D superswirl

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Parameswaran, S. L.; Tasinato, G.; Zavala, I.

2006-03-01

We present a novel supersymmetric solution to a nonlinear sigma model coupled to supergravity. The solution represents a static, supersymmetric, codimension-two object, which is different to the familiar cosmic strings. In particular, we consider 6D chiral gauged supergravity, whose spectrum contains a number of hypermultiplets. The scalar components of the hypermultiplet are charged under a gauge field, and supersymmetry implies that they experience a simple paraboloid-like (or 2D infinite well) potential, which is minimised when they vanish. Unlike conventional vortices, the energy density of our configuration is not localized to a string-like core. The solutions have two timelike singularities in the internal manifold, which provide the necessary boundary conditions to ensure that the scalars do not lie at the minimum of their potential. The 4D spacetime is flat, and the solution is a continuous deformation of the so-called "rugby ball" solution, which has been studied in the context of the cosmological constant problem. It represents an unexpected class of supersymmetric solutions to the 6D theory, which have gravity, gauge fluxes and hyperscalars all active in the background.

Warm p-soup and near extremal black holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Morita, Takeshi; Shiba, Shotaro; Wiseman, Toby; Withers, Benjamin

2014-04-01

We consider a model of D-dimensional supergravity coupled to elementary p-branes. We use gravitational arguments to deduce the low energy effective theory of N nearly parallel branes. This is a (p + 1)-dimensional scalar field theory, where the scalars represent the positions of the branes in their transverse space. We propose that the same theory in a certain temperature regime describes a ‘soup’ of strongly interacting branes, giving a microscopic description of near extremal black p-branes. We use natural approximations to estimate the energy density of this soup as a function of the physical parameters; N, temperature, brane tension and gravitational coupling. We also characterize the horizon radius, measured in the metric natural to the branes, with the thermal vev of the scalars. For both quantities we find agreement with the corresponding supergravity black brane results. Surprisingly, beyond the physical parameters, we are naturally able to reproduce certain irrational factors such as πs. We comment on how these ideas may explain why black hole thermodynamics arises in gauge theories with holographic duals at finite temperature.

N = 1 supercurrents of eleven-dimensional supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Becker, Katrin; Becker, Melanie; Butter, Daniel; Linch, William D.

2018-05-01

Eleven-dimensional supergravity can be formulated in superspaces locally of the form X × Y where X is 4D N = 1 conformal superspace and Y is an arbitrary 7-manifold admitting a G 2-structure. The eleven-dimensional 3-form and the stable 3-form on Y define the lowest component of a gauge superfield on X × Y that is chiral as a superfield on X. This chiral field is part of a tensor hierarchy giving rise to a superspace Chern-Simons action and its real field strength defines a lifting of the Hitchin functional on Y to the G 2 superspace X × Y . These terms are those of lowest order in a superspace Noether expansion in seven N = 1 conformal gravitino superfields Ψ. In this paper, we compute the O(Ψ) action to all orders in the remaining fields. The eleven-dimensional origin of the resulting non-linear structures is parameterized by the choice of a complex spinor on Y encoding the off-shell 4D N = 1 subalgebra of the eleven-dimensional super-Poincaré algebra.

Kicking the rugby ball: perturbations of 6D gauged chiral supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Burgess, C. P.; de Rham, C.; Hoover, D.; Mason, D.; Tolley, A. J.

2007-02-01

We analyse the axially symmetric scalar perturbations of 6D chiral gauged supergravity compactified on the general warped geometries in the presence of two source branes. We find that all of the conical geometries are marginally stable for normalizable perturbations (in disagreement with some recent calculations) and the non-conical ones for regular perturbations, even though none of them are supersymmetric (apart from the trivial Salam Sezgin solution, for which there are no source branes). The marginal direction is the one whose presence is required by the classical scaling property of the field equations, and all other modes have positive squared mass. In the special case of the conical solutions, including (but not restricted to) the unwarped 'rugby-ball' solutions, we find closed-form expressions for the mode functions in terms of Legendre and hypergeometric functions. In so doing we show how to match the asymptotic near-brane form for the solution to the physics of the source branes, and thereby how to physically interpret perturbations which can be singular at the brane positions.

Black holes in higher spin supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Datta, Shouvik; David, Justin R.

2013-07-01

We study black hole solutions in Chern-Simons higher spin supergravity based on the superalgebra sl(3|2). These black hole solutions have a U(1) gauge field and a spin 2 hair in addition to the spin 3 hair. These additional fields correspond to the R-symmetry charges of the supergroup sl(3|2). Using the relation between the bulk field equations and the Ward identities of a CFT with {N} = 2 super- {{{W}}_3} symmetry, we identify the bulk charges and chemical potentials with those of the boundary CFT. From these identifications we see that a suitable set of variables to study this black hole is in terms of the charges present in three decoupled bosonic sub-algebras of the {N} = 2 super- {{{W}}_3} algebra. The entropy and the partition function of these R-charged black holes are then evaluated in terms of the charges of the bulk theory as well as in terms of its chemical potentials. We then compute the partition function in the dual CFT and find exact agreement with the bulk partition function.

Quaternionic Kähler Detour Complexes and {mathcal{N} = 2} Supersymmetric Black Holes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cherney, D.; Latini, E.; Waldron, A.

2011-03-01

We study a class of supersymmetric spinning particle models derived from the radial quantization of stationary, spherically symmetric black holes of four dimensional {{mathcal N} = 2} supergravities. By virtue of the c-map, these spinning particles move in quaternionic Kähler manifolds. Their spinning degrees of freedom describe mini-superspace-reduced supergravity fermions. We quantize these models using BRST detour complex technology. The construction of a nilpotent BRST charge is achieved by using local (worldline) supersymmetry ghosts to generate special holonomy transformations. (An interesting byproduct of the construction is a novel Dirac operator on the superghost extended Hilbert space.) The resulting quantized models are gauge invariant field theories with fields equaling sections of special quaternionic vector bundles. They underly and generalize the quaternionic version of Dolbeault cohomology discovered by Baston. In fact, Baston’s complex is related to the BPS sector of the models we write down. Our results rely on a calculus of operators on quaternionic Kähler manifolds that follows from BRST machinery, and although directly motivated by black hole physics, can be broadly applied to any model relying on quaternionic geometry.

Comparison of minimally invasive spine surgery using intraoperative computed tomography integrated navigation, fluoroscopy, and conventional open surgery for lumbar spondylolisthesis: a prospective registry-based cohort study.

PubMed

Wu, Meng-Huang; Dubey, Navneet Kumar; Li, Yen-Yao; Lee, Ching-Yu; Cheng, Chin-Chang; Shi, Chung-Sheng; Huang, Tsung-Jen

2017-08-01

To date, the surgical approaches for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) using minimally invasive spine surgery assisted with intraoperative computed tomography image-integrated navigation (MISS-iCT), fluoroscopy (MISS-FS), and conventional open surgery (OS) are debatable. This study compared TLIF using MISS-iCT, MISS-FS, and OS for treatment of one-level lumbar spondylolisthesis. This is a prospective, registry-based cohort study that compared surgical approaches for patients who underwent surgical treatment for one-level lumbar spondylolisthesis. One hundred twenty-four patients from January 2010 to March 2012 in a medical center were recruited. The outcome measures were clinical assessments, including Short-Form 12, visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index, Core Outcome Measurement Index, and patient satisfaction, and blood loss, hospital stay, operation time, postoperative pedicle screw accuracy, and superior-level facet violation. All surgeries were performed by two senior surgeons together. Ninety-nine patients (40M, 59F) who had at least 2 years' follow-up were divided into three groups according to the operation methods: MISS-iCT (N=24), MISS-FS (N=23), and OS (N=52) groups. Charts and surgical records along with postoperative CT images were assessed. MISS-iCT and MISS-FS demonstrated a significantly lowered blood loss and hospital stay compared with OS group (p<.01). Operation time was significantly lower in the MISS-iCT and OS groups compared with the MISS-FS group (p=.002). Postoperatively, VAS scores at 1 year and 2 years were significantly improved in the MISS-iCT and MISS-FS groups compared with the OS groups. No significant difference in the number of pedicle screw breach (>2 mm) was found. However, a lower superior-level facet violation rate was observed in the MISS-iCT and OS groups (p=.049). MISS-iCT TLIF demonstrated reduced operation time, blood loss, superior-level facet violation, hospital stay, and improved functional outcomes compared with the MISS-FS and OS approaches. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

COSMOS-e'-soft Higgsotic attractors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Choudhury, Sayantan

2017-07-01

In this work, we have developed an elegant algorithm to study the cosmological consequences from a huge class of quantum field theories (i.e. superstring theory, supergravity, extra dimensional theory, modified gravity, etc.), which are equivalently described by soft attractors in the effective field theory framework. In this description we have restricted our analysis for two scalar fields - dilaton and Higgsotic fields minimally coupled with Einstein gravity, which can be generalized for any arbitrary number of scalar field contents with generalized non-canonical and non-minimal interactions. We have explicitly used R^2 gravity, from which we have studied the attractor and non-attractor phases by exactly computing two point, three point and four point correlation functions from scalar fluctuations using the In-In (Schwinger-Keldysh) and the δ N formalisms. We have also presented theoretical bounds on the amplitude, tilt and running of the primordial power spectrum, various shapes (equilateral, squeezed, folded kite or counter-collinear) of the amplitude as obtained from three and four point scalar functions, which are consistent with observed data. Also the results from two point tensor fluctuations and the field excursion formula are explicitly presented for the attractor and non-attractor phase. Further, reheating constraints, scale dependent behavior of the couplings and the dynamical solution for the dilaton and Higgsotic fields are also presented. New sets of consistency relations between two, three and four point observables are also presented, which shows significant deviation from canonical slow-roll models. Additionally, three possible theoretical proposals have presented to overcome the tachyonic instability at the time of late time acceleration. Finally, we have also provided the bulk interpretation from the three and four point scalar correlation functions for completeness.

Tucson Woman's Clinic v. Eden.

PubMed

2004-01-01

Court Decision: 379 Federal Reporter, 3d Series 531; 2004 Jun 18 (date of decision). The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed in part a lower court decision and held that an Arizona law requiring licensing and regulation of any medical facility performing five or more first trimester abortions per month, or any second or third trimester abortions, did not violate the equal protection clause, and that it violated the Fourth Amendment and the plaintiff's right to informational privacy and was, in part, unconstitutionally vague. The appellate court held that the Arizona law did not violate the equal protection right of doctors who perform abortions because the law was related to health and safety issues, and there was no evidence of a stigmatizing or animus-based purpose to the law. Similarly, the law did not violate the equal protection right of doctors who provide more, rather than fewer, abortions because the state's rationale for the law (that the requirements would unduly burden smaller practices) was legitimate and was not absurd or irrational. The law did not violate the equal protection right of women seeking abortions because the state interest justifying the regulation was maternal health and the plaintiffs failed to show an invidious purpose behind the law. The court held that the law's provision allowing warrantless searches of regulated clinics violated the Fourth Amendment because abortion clinics are not a closely regulated industry. The court also held that two of the law's provisions violated the right of informational privacy. First, the law allowed health department employees access to patient records even though there was tremendous potential for harm, there were inadequate safeguards to prevent unauthorized disclosure, the goals of the information release could be met without releasing identifying patient information, and the public interest was not promoted. The law also allowed release of ultrasound prints containing patient information and did not provide safeguards to protect private patient information despite the potential for harm. The court did not find a provision requiring incident reports to the medical licensing board following death or serious injury to violate the right of informational privacy because the type of information requested was narrowly tailored, the information was only required in limited circumstances, the potential for harm was minimized by existing statutory safeguards, and there was a strong state interest in having professional physician licensing boards monitor serious incidences. The court held that the law's provision requiring patients "be treated with consideration, respect and full recognition of the patient's dignity and individuality" was unconstitutionally vague because the meanings of "consideration," "respect," "dignity," and "individuality" were widely variable and the words were not medical terms. As such, the provision was too vague and subjective for providers to know how they should act and did not limit arbitrary enforcement. Finally, the court held that a provision requiring a hospital-admitted physician be on-site was constitutional because it did not violate procedural or substantive due process. The court remanded the case for determination of whether the law unduly burdened a woman's right to an abortion.

Vacuum Cherenkov radiation for Lorentz-violating fermions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schreck, M.

2017-11-01

The current work focuses on the process of vacuum Cherenkov radiation for Lorentz-violating fermions that are described by the minimal standard-model extension (SME). To date, most considerations of this important hypothetical process have been restricted to Lorentz-violating photons, as the necessary theoretical tools for the SME fermion sector have not been available. With their development in a very recent paper, we are now in a position to compute the decay rates based on a modified Dirac theory. Two realizations of the Cherenkov process are studied. In the first scenario, the spin projection of the incoming fermion is assumed to be conserved, and in the second, the spin projection is allowed to flip. The first type of process is shown to be still forbidden for the dimensionful a and b coefficients where there are strong indications that it is energetically disallowed for the H coefficients, as well. However, it is rendered possible for the dimensionless c , d , e , f , and g coefficients. For large initial fermion energies, the decay rates for the c and d coefficients were found to grow linearly with momentum and to be linearly suppressed by the smallness of the Lorentz-violating coefficient where for the e , f , and g coefficients this suppression is even quadratic. The decay rates vanish in the vicinity of the threshold, as expected. The decay including a fermion spin-flip plays a role for the spin-nondegenerate operators and it was found to occur for the dimensionful b and H coefficients as well as for the dimensionless d and g . The characteristics of this process differ much from the properties of the spin-conserving one, e.g., there is no threshold. Based on experimental data of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, new constraints on Lorentz violation in the quark sector are obtained from the thresholds. However, it does not seem to be possible to derive bounds from the spin-flip decays. This work reveals the usefulness of the quantum field theoretic methods recently developed to study the phenomenology of high-energy fermions within the framework of the SME.

Towards the identification of new physics through quark flavour violating processes.

PubMed

Buras, Andrzej J; Girrbach, Jennifer

2014-08-01

We outline a systematic strategy that should help in this decade to identify new physics (NP) beyond the standard model (SM) by means of quark flavour violating processes, and thereby extend the picture of short distance physics down to scales as short as 10(-20) m and even shorter distance scales corresponding to energies of 100 TeV. Rather than using all of the possible flavour-violating observables that will be measured in the coming years at the LHC, SuperKEKB and in Kaon physics dedicated experiments at CERN, J-PARC and Fermilab, we concentrate on those observables that are theoretically clean and very sensitive to NP. Assuming that the data on the selected observables will be very precise, we stress the importance of correlations between these observables as well as of future precise calculations of non-perturbative parameters by means of lattice QCD simulations with dynamical fermions. Our strategy consists of twelve steps, which we will discuss in detail while illustrating the possible outcomes with the help of the SM, models with constrained minimal flavour violation (CMFV), MFV at large and models with tree-level flavour changing neutral currents mediated by neutral gauge bosons and scalars. We will also briefly summarize the status of a number of concrete models. We propose DNA charts that exhibit correlations between flavour observables in different NP scenarios. Models with new left-handed and/or right-handed currents and non-MFV interactions can be distinguished transparently in this manner. We emphasize the important role of the stringent CMFV relations between various observables as standard candles of flavour physics. The pattern of deviations from these relations may help in identifying the correct NP scenario. The success of this program will be very much facilitated through direct signals of NP at the LHC, even if the LHC will not be able to probe the physics at scales shorter than 4 × 10(-20) m. We also emphasize the importance of lepton flavour violation, electric dipole moments, and (g - 2)e, μ in these studies.

Perturbed Yukawa textures in the minimal seesaw model

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rink, Thomas; Schmitz, Kai

2017-03-01

We revisit the minimal seesaw model, i.e., the type-I seesaw mechanism involving only two right-handed neutrinos. This model represents an important minimal benchmark scenario for future experimental updates on neutrino oscillations. It features four real parameters that cannot be fixed by the current data: two CP -violating phases, δ and σ, as well as one complex parameter, z, that is experimentally inaccessible at low energies. The parameter z controls the structure of the neutrino Yukawa matrix at high energies, which is why it may be regarded as a label or index for all UV completions of the minimal seesaw model. The fact that z encompasses only two real degrees of freedom allows us to systematically scan the minimal seesaw model over all of its possible UV completions. In doing so, we address the following question: suppose δ and σ should be measured at particular values in the future — to what extent is one then still able to realize approximate textures in the neutrino Yukawa matrix? Our analysis, thus, generalizes previous studies of the minimal seesaw model based on the assumption of exact texture zeros. In particular, our study allows us to assess the theoretical uncertainty inherent to the common texture ansatz. One of our main results is that a normal light-neutrino mass hierarchy is, in fact, still consistent with a two-zero Yukawa texture, provided that the two texture zeros receive corrections at the level of O (10%). While our numerical results pertain to the minimal seesaw model only, our general procedure appears to be applicable to other neutrino mass models as well.

Search for evidence of supersymmetry in the like-sign dimuon channel at the D0 experiment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yurkewicz, Adam

2004-01-01

Supersymmetry (SUSY) is a proposed symmetry between fermions and bosons. If this symmetry does exist, it is clearly broken since only half of the particle spectrum is observed. One model which provides a simple breaking mechanism is called minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) inspired SUSY. One clean final state predicted by this model is a trilepton final state from chargino and neutralino decays. In this analysis, these events are sought in 239±16 pb -1 of D0 Run II data by requiring like-sign dimuon pairs. Requiring only two muons increases the signal acceptance, and adding the like-sign requirement reduces the Standard Model backgroundmore » from Drell-Yan dimuon pairs and the various resonances in the dimuon spectrum. The reach into some parts of mSUGRA parameter space will be greater when searching with the like-sign dilepton final state than the trilepton final state. Combining results from a search in the like-sign dilepton channels with searches in the trilepton channels provides increased sensitivity in the search for supersymmetry. In this dissertation, the best-ever D limit on the total cross section for associated chargino and neutralino production with leptonic final states is presented.« less

Killing-Yano tensor and supersymmetry of the self-dual Plebański-Demiański solution

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nozawa, Masato; Houri, Tsuyoshi

2016-06-01

We explore various aspects of the self-dual Plebański-Demiański (PD) family in the Euclidean Einstein-Maxwell-Λ system. The Killing-Yano tensor which was recently found by Yasui and one of the present authors allows us to prove that the self-dual PD metric can be brought into the self-dual Carter metric by an orientation-reversing coordinate transformation. We show that the self-dual PD solution admits two independent Killing spinors in the framework of N = 2 minimal gauged supergravity, whereas the non-self-dual solution admits only a single Killing spinor. This can be demonstrated by casting the self-dual PD metric into two distinct Przanowski-Tod forms. As a by-product, a new example of the three-dimensional Einstein-Weyl space is presented. We also prove that the self-dual PD metric falls into two different Calderbank-Pedersen families, which are determined by a single function subjected to a linear equation on the two-dimensional hyperbolic space. Furthermore, we consider the hyper-Kähler case for which the metric falls into the Gibbons-Hawking class. We find that the condition for the nonexistence of the Dirac-Misner string enforces the solution with a nonvanishing acceleration parameter to the Eguchi-Hanson space.

Gravitational wave signals from short-lived topological defects in the MSSM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kamada, Ayuki; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California,Riverside, CA, 92507; Yamada, Masaki

2015-10-09

Supersymmetric theories, including the minimal supersymmetric standard model, usually contain many scalar fields whose potentials are absent in the exact supersymmetric limit and within the renormalizable level. Since their potentials are vulnerable to the finite energy density of the Universe through supergravity effects, these flat directions have nontrivial dynamics in the early Universe. Recently, we have pointed out that a flat direction may have a positive Hubble induced mass term during inflation whereas a negative one after inflation. In this case, the flat direction stays at the origin of the potential during inflation and then obtain a large vacuum expectationmore » value after inflation. After that, when the Hubble parameter decreases down to the mass of the flat direction, it starts to oscillate around the origin of the potential. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the flat direction with and without higher dimensional superpotentials and show that topological defects, such as cosmic strings and domain walls, form at the end of inflation and disappear at the beginning of oscillation of the flat direction. We numerically calculate their gravitational signals and find that the observation of gravitational signals would give us information of supersymmetric scale, the reheating temperature of the Universe, and higher dimensional operators.« less

Gravitational wave signals from short-lived topological defects in the MSSM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kamada, Ayuki; Yamada, Masaki, E-mail: ayuki.kamada@ucr.edu, E-mail: yamadam@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp

2015-10-01

Supersymmetric theories, including the minimal supersymmetric standard model, usually contain many scalar fields whose potentials are absent in the exact supersymmetric limit and within the renormalizable level. Since their potentials are vulnerable to the finite energy density of the Universe through supergravity effects, these flat directions have nontrivial dynamics in the early Universe. Recently, we have pointed out that a flat direction may have a positive Hubble induced mass term during inflation whereas a negative one after inflation. In this case, the flat direction stays at the origin of the potential during inflation and then obtain a large vacuum expectationmore » value after inflation. After that, when the Hubble parameter decreases down to the mass of the flat direction, it starts to oscillate around the origin of the potential. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the flat direction with and without higher dimensional superpotentials and show that topological defects, such as cosmic strings and domain walls, form at the end of inflation and disappear at the beginning of oscillation of the flat direction. We numerically calculate their gravitational signals and find that the observation of gravitational signals would give us information of supersymmetric scale, the reheating temperature of the Universe, and higher dimensional operators.« less

Randomness Amplification under Minimal Fundamental Assumptions on the Devices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ramanathan, Ravishankar; Brandão, Fernando G. S. L.; Horodecki, Karol; Horodecki, Michał; Horodecki, Paweł; Wojewódka, Hanna

2016-12-01

Recently, the physically realistic protocol amplifying the randomness of Santha-Vazirani sources producing cryptographically secure random bits was proposed; however, for reasons of practical relevance, the crucial question remained open regarding whether this can be accomplished under the minimal conditions necessary for the task. Namely, is it possible to achieve randomness amplification using only two no-signaling components and in a situation where the violation of a Bell inequality only guarantees that some outcomes of the device for specific inputs exhibit randomness? Here, we solve this question and present a device-independent protocol for randomness amplification of Santha-Vazirani sources using a device consisting of two nonsignaling components. We show that the protocol can amplify any such source that is not fully deterministic into a fully random source while tolerating a constant noise rate and prove the composable security of the protocol against general no-signaling adversaries. Our main innovation is the proof that even the partial randomness certified by the two-party Bell test [a single input-output pair (u* , x* ) for which the conditional probability P (x*|u*) is bounded away from 1 for all no-signaling strategies that optimally violate the Bell inequality] can be used for amplification. We introduce the methodology of a partial tomographic procedure on the empirical statistics obtained in the Bell test that ensures that the outputs constitute a linear min-entropy source of randomness. As a technical novelty that may be of independent interest, we prove that the Santha-Vazirani source satisfies an exponential concentration property given by a recently discovered generalized Chernoff bound.

Generalized Pauli constraints in reduced density matrix functional theory.

PubMed

Theophilou, Iris; Lathiotakis, Nektarios N; Marques, Miguel A L; Helbig, Nicole

2015-04-21

Functionals of the one-body reduced density matrix (1-RDM) are routinely minimized under Coleman's ensemble N-representability conditions. Recently, the topic of pure-state N-representability conditions, also known as generalized Pauli constraints, received increased attention following the discovery of a systematic way to derive them for any number of electrons and any finite dimensionality of the Hilbert space. The target of this work is to assess the potential impact of the enforcement of the pure-state conditions on the results of reduced density-matrix functional theory calculations. In particular, we examine whether the standard minimization of typical 1-RDM functionals under the ensemble N-representability conditions violates the pure-state conditions for prototype 3-electron systems. We also enforce the pure-state conditions, in addition to the ensemble ones, for the same systems and functionals and compare the correlation energies and optimal occupation numbers with those obtained by the enforcement of the ensemble conditions alone.

Minimizing conflicts: A heuristic repair method for constraint-satisfaction and scheduling problems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Minton, Steve; Johnston, Mark; Philips, Andrew; Laird, Phil

1992-01-01

This paper describes a simple heuristic approach to solving large-scale constraint satisfaction and scheduling problems. In this approach one starts with an inconsistent assignment for a set of variables and searches through the space of possible repairs. The search can be guided by a value-ordering heuristic, the min-conflicts heuristic, that attempts to minimize the number of constraint violations after each step. The heuristic can be used with a variety of different search strategies. We demonstrate empirically that on the n-queens problem, a technique based on this approach performs orders of magnitude better than traditional backtracking techniques. We also describe a scheduling application where the approach has been used successfully. A theoretical analysis is presented both to explain why this method works well on certain types of problems and to predict when it is likely to be most effective.

String universality in ten dimensions.

PubMed

Adams, Allan; Taylor, Washington; Dewolfe, Oliver

2010-08-13

We show that the N=1 supergravity theories in ten dimensions with gauge groups U(1){496} and E{8}×U(1){248} are not consistent quantum theories. Cancellation of anomalies cannot be made compatible with supersymmetry and Abelian gauge invariance. Thus, in ten dimensions all supersymmetric theories of gravity without known inconsistencies are realized in string theory.

Higher-dimensional lifts of Killing-Yano forms with torsion

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chow, David D. K.

2017-01-01

Using a Kaluza-Klein-type lift, it is shown how Killing-Yano forms with torsion can remain symmetries of a higher-dimensional geometry, subject to an algebraic condition between the Kaluza-Klein field strength and the Killing-Yano form. The lift condition’s significance is highlighted, and is satisfied by examples of black holes in supergravity.

Aspects of String Dualities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Orgera, Jacopo

In this thesis we investigate some aspects of String Dualities. In particular, in the context of Twistor-String/Field Theories duality, we present some partial results toward the understanding of Conformal Supergravity amplitudes. Also, in the context of AdS/CFT duality, we investigate: the role of Euclidean Wormholes in quantum de-coherence and the semiclassical decay of certain non-supersimmetric vacua.

The para-HK/QK correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dyckmanns, Malte; Vaughan, Owen

2017-06-01

We generalise the hyper-Kähler/quaternionic Kähler (HK/QK) correspondence to include para-geometries, and present a new concise proof that the target manifold of the HK/QK correspondence is quaternionic Kähler. As an application, we construct one-parameter deformations of the temporal and Euclidean supergravity c-map metrics and show that they are para-quaternionic Kähler.

Similarity of wh-Phrases and Acceptability Variation in wh-Islands

PubMed Central

Atkinson, Emily; Apple, Aaron; Rawlins, Kyle; Omaki, Akira

2016-01-01

In wh-questions that form a syntactic dependency between the fronted wh-phrase and its thematic position, acceptability is severely degraded when the dependency crosses another wh-phrase. It is well known that the acceptability degradation in wh-island violation ameliorates in certain contexts, but the source of this variation remains poorly understood. In the syntax literature, an influential theory – Featural Relativized Minimality – has argued that the wh-island effect is modulated exclusively by the distinctness of morpho-syntactic features in the two wh-phrases, but psycholinguistic theories of memory encoding and retrieval mechanisms predict that semantic properties of wh-phrases should also contribute to wh-island amelioration. We report four acceptability judgment experiments that systematically investigate the role of morpho-syntactic and semantic features in wh-island violations. The results indicate that the distribution of wh-island amelioration is best explained by an account that incorporates the distinctness of morpho-syntactic features as well as the semantic denotation of the wh-phrases. We argue that an integration of syntactic theories and perspectives from psycholinguistics can enrich our understanding of acceptability variation in wh-dependencies. PMID:26793156

The CKM Matrix and The Unitarity Triangle: Another Look

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buras, Andrzej J.; Parodi, Fabrizio; Stocchi, Achille

2003-01-01

The unitarity triangle can be determined by means of two measurements of its sides or angles. Assuming the same relative errors on the angles (alpha,beta,gamma) and the sides (Rb,Rt), we find that the pairs (gamma,beta) and (gamma,Rb) are most efficient in determining (bar varrho,bar eta) that describe the apex of the unitarity triangle. They are followed by (alpha,beta), (alpha,Rb), (Rt,beta), (Rt,Rb) and (Rb,beta). As the set |Vus|, |Vcb|, Rt and beta appears to be the best candidate for the fundamental set of flavour violating parameters in the coming years, we show various constraints on the CKM matrix in the (Rt,beta) plane. Using the best available input we determine the universal unitarity triangle for models with minimal flavour violation (MFV) and compare it with the one in the Standard Model. We present allowed ranges for sin 2beta, sin 2alpha, gamma, Rb, Rt and DeltaMs within the Standard Model and MFV models. We also update the allowed range for the function Ftt that parametrizes various MFV-models.

Toward interactive scheduling systems for managing medical resources.

PubMed

Oddi, A; Cesta, A

2000-10-01

Managers of medico-hospital facilities are facing two general problems when allocating resources to activities: (1) to find an agreement between several and contrasting requirements; (2) to manage dynamic and uncertain situations when constraints suddenly change over time due to medical needs. This paper describes the results of a research aimed at applying constraint-based scheduling techniques to the management of medical resources. A mixed-initiative problem solving approach is adopted in which a user and a decision support system interact to incrementally achieve a satisfactory solution to the problem. A running prototype is described called Interactive Scheduler which offers a set of functionalities for a mixed-initiative interaction to cope with the medical resource management. Interactive Scheduler is endowed with a representation schema used for describing the medical environment, a set of algorithms that address the specific problems of the domain, and an innovative interaction module that offers functionalities for the dialogue between the support system and its user. A particular contribution of this work is the explicit representation of constraint violations, and the definition of scheduling algorithms that aim at minimizing the amount of constraint violations in a solution.

Sphaleron rate in the minimal standard model.

PubMed

D'Onofrio, Michela; Rummukainen, Kari; Tranberg, Anders

2014-10-03

We use large-scale lattice simulations to compute the rate of baryon number violating processes (the sphaleron rate), the Higgs field expectation value, and the critical temperature in the standard model across the electroweak phase transition temperature. While there is no true phase transition between the high-temperature symmetric phase and the low-temperature broken phase, the crossover is sharp and located at temperature T(c) = (159.5 ± 1.5)  GeV. The sphaleron rate in the symmetric phase (T>T(c)) is Γ/T(4) = (18 ± 3)α(W)(5), and in the broken phase in the physically interesting temperature range 130 GeV < T < T(c) it can be parametrized as log(Γ/T(4)) = (0.83 ± 0.01)T/GeV-(147.7 ± 1.9). The freeze-out temperature in the early Universe, where the Hubble rate wins over the baryon number violation rate, is T* = (131.7 ± 2.3) GeV. These values, beyond being intrinsic properties of the standard model, are relevant for, e.g., low-scale leptogenesis scenarios.

Lepton flavor violating Z' explanation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment

DOE PAGES

Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Chen, Chien-Yi; Dev, P. S. Bhupal; ...

2016-09-28

Here, we discuss a minimal solution to the long-standing (g-2) μ anomaly in a simple extension of the Standard Model with an extra Z' vector boson that has only flavor off-diagonal couplings to the second and third generation of leptons, i.e. μ, τ, ν μ, ν τ, and their antiparticles. A simplified model realization, as well as various collider and low-energy constraints on this model, are discussed. We find that the (g-2) μ -favored region for a Z' lighter than the tau lepton is totally excluded, while a heavier Z' solution is still allowed. Some testable implications of this scenariomore » in future experiments, such as lepton-flavor universality-violating tau decays at Belle 2, and a new four-lepton signature involving same-sign di-muons and di-taus at HL-LHC and FCC-ee, are pointed out. A characteristic resonant absorption feature in the high-energy neutrino spectrum might also be observed by neutrino telescopes like IceCube and KM3NeT.« less

Lepton flavor violating Z' explanation of the muon anomalous magnetic moment

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Altmannshofer, Wolfgang; Chen, Chien-Yi; Dev, P. S. Bhupal

Here, we discuss a minimal solution to the long-standing (g-2) μ anomaly in a simple extension of the Standard Model with an extra Z' vector boson that has only flavor off-diagonal couplings to the second and third generation of leptons, i.e. μ, τ, ν μ, ν τ, and their antiparticles. A simplified model realization, as well as various collider and low-energy constraints on this model, are discussed. We find that the (g-2) μ -favored region for a Z' lighter than the tau lepton is totally excluded, while a heavier Z' solution is still allowed. Some testable implications of this scenariomore » in future experiments, such as lepton-flavor universality-violating tau decays at Belle 2, and a new four-lepton signature involving same-sign di-muons and di-taus at HL-LHC and FCC-ee, are pointed out. A characteristic resonant absorption feature in the high-energy neutrino spectrum might also be observed by neutrino telescopes like IceCube and KM3NeT.« less

Social media guidelines and best practices: recommendations from the Council of Residency Directors Social Media Task Force.

PubMed

Pillow, Malford T; Hopson, Laura; Bond, Michael; Cabrera, Daniel; Patterson, Leigh; Pearson, David; Sule, Harsh; Ankel, Felix; Fernández-Frackelton, Madonna; Hall, Ronald V; Kegg, Jason A; Norris, Donald; Takenaka, Katrin

2014-02-01

Social media has become a staple of everyday life among over one billion people worldwide. A social networking presence has become a hallmark of vibrant and transparent communications. It has quickly become the preferred method of communication and information sharing. It offers the ability for various entities, especially residency programs, to create an attractive internet presence and "brand" the program. Social media, while having significant potential for communication and knowledge transfer, carries with it legal, ethical, personal, and professional risks. Implementation of a social networking presence must be deliberate, transparent, and optimize potential benefits while minimizing risks. This is especially true with residency programs. The power of social media as a communication, education, and recruiting tool is undeniable. Yet the pitfalls of misuse can be disastrous, including violations in patient confidentiality, violations of privacy, and recruiting misconduct. These guidelines were developed to provide emergency medicine residency programs leadership with guidance and best practices in the appropriate use and regulation of social media, but are applicable to all residency programs that wish to establish a social media presence.

Social Media Guidelines and Best Practices: Recommendations from the Council of Residency Directors Social Media Task Force

PubMed Central

Pillow, Malford T.; Hopson, Laura; Bond, Michael; Cabrera, Daniel; Patterson, Leigh; Pearson, David; Sule, Harsh; Ankel, Felix; Fernández-Frackelton, Madonna; Hall, Ronald V.; Kegg, Jason A.; Norris, Donald; Takenaka, Katrin

2014-01-01

Social media has become a staple of everyday life among over one billion people worldwide. A social networking presence has become a hallmark of vibrant and transparent communications. It has quickly become the preferred method of communication and information sharing. It offers the ability for various entities, especially residency programs, to create an attractive internet presence and “brand” the program. Social media, while having significant potential for communication and knowledge transfer, carries with it legal, ethical, personal, and professional risks. Implementation of a social networking presence must be deliberate, transparent, and optimize potential benefits while minimizing risks. This is especially true with residency programs. The power of social media as a communication, education, and recruiting tool is undeniable. Yet the pitfalls of misuse can be disastrous, including violations in patient confidentiality, violations of privacy, and recruiting misconduct. These guidelines were developed to provide emergency medicine residency programs leadership with guidance and best practices in the appropriate use and regulation of social media, but are applicable to all residency programs that wish to establish a social media presence. PMID:24578765

Multilepton collider signatures of heavy Dirac and Majorana neutrinos

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Chien-Yi; Dev, P. S. Bhupal

2012-05-01

We discuss the possibility of observing multi-lepton signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from the production and decay of heavy standard model (SM) singlet neutrinos added in extensions of SM to explain the observed light neutrino masses by seesaw mechanism. In particular, we analyze two “smoking gun” signals depending on the Dirac or Majorana nature of the heavy neutrino: (i) for Majorana case, the same-sign di-lepton signal which can be used as a probe of lepton-number violation, and (ii) for Dirac case, the tri-lepton signal which conserves lepton number but may violate lepton flavor. Within a minimal Left-Right symmetric framework in which these additional neutrino states arise naturally, we find that in both cases, the signals can be identified with virtually no background beyond a TeV, and the heavy gauge boson WR can be discovered in this process. This analysis also provides a direct way to probe the nature of seesaw physics involving the SM singlets at TeV-scale, and in particular, to distinguish type-I seesaw with purely Majorana heavy neutrinos from inverse seesaw with pseudo-Dirac counterparts.

Space Operations Center orbit altitude selection strategy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Indrikis, J.; Myers, H. L.

1982-01-01

The strategy for the operational altitude selection has to respond to the Space Operation Center's (SOC) maintenance requirements and the logistics demands of the missions to be supported by the SOC. Three orbit strategies are developed: two are constant altitude, and one variable altitude. In order to minimize the effect of atmospheric uncertainty the dynamic altitude method is recommended. In this approach the SOC will operate at the optimum altitude for the prevailing atmospheric conditions and logistics model, provided that mission safety constraints are not violated. Over a typical solar activity cycle this method produces significant savings in the overall logistics cost.

Superspace geometrical realization of the N-extended super Virasoro algebra and its dual

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Curto, C.; Gates, S. J., Jr.; Rodgers, V. G. J.

2000-05-01

We derive properties of N-extended /GR super Virasoro algebras. These include adding central extensions, identification of all primary fields and the action of the adjoint representation on its dual. The final result suggest identification with the spectrum of fields in supergravity theories and superstring/M-theory constructed from NSR N-extended supersymmetric /GR Virasoro algebras.

Real weights, bound states and duality orbits

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Marrani, Alessio; Riccioni, Fabio; Romano, Luca

2016-01-01

We show that the duality orbits of extremal black holes in supergravity theories with symmetric scalar manifolds can be derived by studying the stabilizing subalgebras of suitable representatives, realized as bound states of specific weight vectors of the corresponding representation of the duality symmetry group. The weight vectors always correspond to weights that are real, where the reality properties are derived from the Tits-Satake diagram that identifies the real form of the Lie algebra of the duality symmetry group. Both 𝒩 = 2 magic Maxwell-Einstein supergravities and the semisimple infinite sequences of 𝒩 = 2 and 𝒩 = 4 theories in D = 4 and 5 are considered, and various results, obtained over the years in the literature using different methods, are retrieved. In particular, we show that the stratification of the orbits of these theories occurs because of very specific properties of the representations: in the case of the theory based on the real numbers, whose symmetry group is maximally noncompact and therefore all the weights are real, the stratification is due to the presence of weights of different lengths, while in the other cases it is due to the presence of complex weights.

Non-analytic terms from nested divergences in maximal supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basu, Anirban

2016-07-01

The {D}4{{ R }}4 and {D}6{{ R }}4 coefficient functions in the effective action of type II string theory compactified on T d contain terms of the form {{ E }}1{{ln}}{g}d and {{ E }}2{({{ln}}{g}d)}2 in specific dimensions, where g d is the T-duality invariant string coupling, and {{ E }}1 and {{ E }}2 are U-duality invariant coefficient functions. We derive these non-analytic terms from nested ultraviolet divergences in two and three loop maximal supergravity. For the {D}4{{ R }}4 coupling, the contribution involves {{ E }}{{ R }4}{{ln}}{g}d, while for the {D}6{{ R }}4 coupling, it involves {{ E }}{{ R }4}{{ln}}{g}d, {{ E }}{D2{{ R }}4}{({{ln}}{g}d)}2 and {{ E }}{D4{{ R }}4}{{ln}}{g}d; where {{ E }}{{ R }4}, {{ E }}{D2{{ R }}4} and {{ E }}{D4{{ R }}4} are the {{ R }}4, {D}2{{ R }}4 and {D}4{{ R }}4 coefficient functions respectively. The contribution from {{ E }}{D2{{ R }}4}, the coefficient function of an amplitude that vanishes onshell, arises from a two loop nested subdivergence of the three loop amplitude.

Partial N=2 to N=1 supersymmetry breaking and gravity deformed chiral rings.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

David, Justin R.; Gava, Edi; Narain, K. S.

2004-06-01

We present a derivation of the chiral ring relations, arising in Script N = 1 gauge theories in the presence of (anti-)self-dual background gravitational field Galphabetagamma and graviphoton field strength Falphabeta. These were previously considered in the literature in order to prove the relation between gravitational F-terms in the gauge theory and coefficients of the topological expansion of the related matrix integral. We consider the spontaneous breaking of Script N = 2 to Script N = 1 supergravity coupled to vector- and hyper-multiplets, and take a rigid limit which keeps a non-trivial Galphabetagamma and Falphabeta with a finite supersymmetry breaking scale. We derive the resulting effective, global, Script N = 1 theory and show that the chiral ring relations are just a consequence of the standard Script N = 2 supergravity Bianchi identities. We can also obtain models with matter in different representations and in particular quiver theories. We also show that, in the presence of non-trivial Falphabeta, consistency of the Konishi-anomaly loop equations with the chiral ring relations, demands that the gauge kinetic function and the superpotential, a priori unrelated for an Script N = 1 theory, should be derived from a prepotential, indicating an underlying Script N = 2 structure.

Non-Abelian supertubes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fernández-Melgarejo, José J.; Park, Minkyu; Shigemori, Masaki

2017-12-01

A supertube is a supersymmetric configuration in string theory which occurs when a pair of branes spontaneously polarizes and generates a new dipole charge extended along a closed curve. The dipole charge of a codimension-2 supertube is characterized by the U-duality monodromy as one goes around the supertube. For multiple codimension-2 supertubes, their monodromies do not commute in general. In this paper, we construct a supersymmetric solution of five-dimensional supergravity that describes two supertubes with such non-Abelian monodromies, in a certain perturbative expansion. In supergravity, the monodromies are realized as the multi-valuedness of the scalar fields, while in higher dimensions they correspond to non-geometric duality twists of the internal space. The supertubes in our solution carry NS5 and 5 2 2 dipole charges and exhibit the same monodromy structure as the SU(2) Seiberg-Witten geometry. The perturbative solution has AdS2 × S 2 asymptotics and vanishing four-dimensional angular momentum. We argue that this solution represents a microstate of four-dimensional black holes with a finite horizon and that it provides a clue for the gravity realization of a pure-Higgs branch state in the dual quiver quantum mechanics.

Holographic duals of 3d S-fold CFTs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Assel, Benjamin; Tomasiello, Alessandro

2018-06-01

We construct non-geometric AdS4 solutions of IIB string theory where the fields in overlapping patches are glued by elements of the S-duality group. We obtain them by suitable quotients of compact and non-compact geometric solutions. The quotient procedure suggests CFT duals as quiver theories with links involving the so-called T [U( N)] theory. We test the validity of the non-geometric solutions (and of our proposed holographic duality) by computing the three-sphere partition function Z of the CFTs. A first class of solutions is obtained by an S-duality quotient of Janus-type non-compact solutions and is dual to 3d N=4 SCFTs; for these we manage to compute Z of the dual CFT at finite N, and it agrees perfectly with the supergravity result in the large N limit. A second class has five-branes, it is obtained by a Möbius-like S-quotient of ordinary compact solutions and is dual to 3d N=3 SCFTs. For these, Z agrees with the supergravity result if one chooses the limit carefully so that the effect of the fivebranes does not backreact on the entire geometry. Other limits suggest the existence of IIA duals.

Habemus superstratum! A constructive proof of the existence of superstrata

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bena, Iosif; Giusto, Stefano; Russo, Rodolfo; Shigemori, Masaki; Warner, Nicholas P.

2015-05-01

We construct the first example of a superstratum: a class of smooth horizonless supergravity solutions that are parameterized by arbitrary continuous functions of (at least) two variables and have the same charges as the supersymmetric D1-D5-P black hole. We work in Type IIB string theory on T 4 or K3 and our solutions involve a subset of fields that can be described by a six-dimensional supergravity with two tensor multiplets. The solutions can thus be constructed using a linear structure, and we give an explicit recipe to start from a superposition of modes specified by an arbitrary function of two variables and impose regularity to obtain the full horizonless solutions in closed form. We also give the precise CFT description of these solutions and show that they are not dual to descendants of chiral primaries. They are thus much more general than all the known solutions whose CFT dual is precisely understood. Hence our construction represents a substantial step toward the ultimate goal of constructing the fully generic superstratum that can account for a finite fraction of the entropy of the three-charge black hole in the regime of parameters where the classical black hole solution exists.

Starobinsky-Like Inflation and Running Vacuum in the Context of Supergravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Basilakos, Spyros; Mavromatos, Nick; Solà, Joan

2016-07-01

We describe the primeval inflationary phase of the early Universe within a quantum field theoretical (QFT) framework that can be viewed as the effective action of vacuum decay in the early times. Interestingly enough, the model accounts for the "graceful exit" of the inflationary phase into the standard radiation regime. The underlying QFT framework considered here is Supergravity (SUGRA), more specifically an existing formulation in which the Starobinsky-type inflation (de-Sitter background) emerges from the quantum corrections to the effective action after integrating out the gravitino fields in their (dynamically induced) massive phase. We also demonstrate that the structure of the effective action in this model is consistent with the generic idea of renormalization group (RG) running of the cosmological parameters, specifically it follows from the corresponding RG equation for the vacuum energy density as a function of the Hubble rate, $\\rho_{\\Lambda}(H)$. Overall our combined approach amounts to a concrete-model realization of inflation triggered by vacuum decay in a fundamental physics context which, as it turns out, can also be extended for the remaining epochs of the cosmological evolution until the current dark energy era.

Canonical coordinates and meson spectra for scalar deformed Script N = 4 SYM from the AdS/CFT correspondence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shock, Jonathan P.

2006-10-01

Two points on the Coulomb branch of Script N = 4 super Yang Mills are investigated using their supergravity duals. By switching on condensates for the scalars in the Script N = 4 multiplet with a form which preserves a subgroup of the original R-symmetry, disk and sphere configurations of D3-branes are formed in the dual supergravity background. The analytic, canonical metric for these geometries is formulated and the singularity structure is studied. Quarks are introduced into the corresponding field theories using D7-brane probes and the meson spectrum is calculated. For one of the condensate configurations, a mass gap is found and shown analytically to be present in the massless limit. It is also found that there is a stepped spectrum with eigenstate degeneracy in the limit of small quark masses and this result is shown analytically. In the second, similar deformation it is necessary to understand the full D3-D7 brane interaction to study the limit of small quark masses. For quark masses larger than the condensate scale the spectrum is calculated and shown to be discrete as expected.

Beyond minimal lepton-flavored Dark Matter

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen, Mu-Chun; Huang, Jinrui; Takhistov, Volodymyr

In this paper ,we consider a class of flavored dark matter (DM) theories where dark matter interacts with the Standard Model lepton fields at the renormalizable level. We allow for a general coupling matrix between the dark matter and leptons whose structure is beyond the one permitted by the minimal flavor violation (MFV) assumption. It is assumed that this is the only new source of flavor violation in addition to the Standard Model (SM) Yukawa interactions. The setup can be described by augmenting the SM flavor symmetry by an additional SU(3) χ, under which the dark matter χ transforms. Thismore » framework is especially phenomenologically rich, due to possible novel flavor-changing interactions which are not present within the more restrictive MFV framework. As a representative case study of this setting, which we call “beyond MFV” (BMFV), we consider Dirac fermion dark matter which transforms as a singlet under the SM gauge group and a triplet under SU(3) χ. The DM fermion couples to the SM lepton sector through a scalar mediator Φ. Unlike the case of quark-flavored DM, we show that there is no Z 3 symmetry within either the MFV or BMFV settings which automatically stabilizes the lepton-flavored DM. We discuss constraints on this setup from flavor-changing processes, DM relic abundance as well as direct and indirect detections. We find that relatively large flavor-changing couplings are possible, while the dark matter mass is still within the phenomenologically interesting region below the TeV scale. Collider signatures which can be potentially searched for at the lepton and hadron colliders are discussed. Finally, we discuss the implications for decaying dark matter, which can appear if an additional stabilizing symmetry is not imposed.« less

Beyond minimal lepton-flavored Dark Matter

DOE PAGES

Chen, Mu-Chun; Huang, Jinrui; Takhistov, Volodymyr

2016-02-09

In this paper ,we consider a class of flavored dark matter (DM) theories where dark matter interacts with the Standard Model lepton fields at the renormalizable level. We allow for a general coupling matrix between the dark matter and leptons whose structure is beyond the one permitted by the minimal flavor violation (MFV) assumption. It is assumed that this is the only new source of flavor violation in addition to the Standard Model (SM) Yukawa interactions. The setup can be described by augmenting the SM flavor symmetry by an additional SU(3) χ, under which the dark matter χ transforms. Thismore » framework is especially phenomenologically rich, due to possible novel flavor-changing interactions which are not present within the more restrictive MFV framework. As a representative case study of this setting, which we call “beyond MFV” (BMFV), we consider Dirac fermion dark matter which transforms as a singlet under the SM gauge group and a triplet under SU(3) χ. The DM fermion couples to the SM lepton sector through a scalar mediator Φ. Unlike the case of quark-flavored DM, we show that there is no Z 3 symmetry within either the MFV or BMFV settings which automatically stabilizes the lepton-flavored DM. We discuss constraints on this setup from flavor-changing processes, DM relic abundance as well as direct and indirect detections. We find that relatively large flavor-changing couplings are possible, while the dark matter mass is still within the phenomenologically interesting region below the TeV scale. Collider signatures which can be potentially searched for at the lepton and hadron colliders are discussed. Finally, we discuss the implications for decaying dark matter, which can appear if an additional stabilizing symmetry is not imposed.« less

Violations identified from routine swimming pool inspections--selected states and counties, United States, 2008.

PubMed

2010-05-21

Swimming is the third most popular U.S. sport or exercise activity, with approximately 314 million visits to recreational water venues, including treated venues (e.g., pools), each year. The most frequently reported type of recreational water illness (RWI) outbreak is gastroenteritis, the incidence of which is increasing. During 1997--2006, chlorine- and bromine-susceptible pathogens (e.g., Shigella and norovirus) caused 24 (23%) of 104 treated venue--associated RWI outbreaks of gastroenteritis, indicating lapses in proper operation of pools. Pool inspectors help minimize the risk for RWIs and injuries by enforcing regulations that govern public treated recreational water venues. To assess pool code compliance, CDC analyzed 2008 data from 121,020 routine pool inspections conducted by a convenience sample of 15 state and local agencies. Because pool codes and, therefore, inspection items differed across jurisdictions, reported denominators varied. Of 111,487 inspections, 13,532 (12.1%) resulted in immediate closure because of serious violations (e.g., lack of disinfectant in the water). Of 120,975 inspections, 12,917 (10.7%) identified disinfectant level violations. Although these results likely are not representative of all pools in the United States, they suggest the need for increased public health scrutiny and improved pool operation. The results also demonstrate that pool inspection data can be used as a potential source for surveillance to guide resource allocation and regulatory decision-making. Collecting pool inspection data in a standardized, electronic format can facilitate routine analysis to support efforts to reduce health and safety risks for swimmers.

Threshold and flavor effects in the renormalization group equations of the MSSM. II. Dimensionful couplings

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Box, Andrew D.; Tata, Xerxes

2009-02-01

We reexamine the one-loop renormalization group equations (RGEs) for the dimensionful parameters of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with broken supersymmetry, allowing for arbitrary flavor structure of the soft SUSY-breaking parameters. We include threshold effects by evaluating the β-functions in a sequence of (nonsupersymmetric) effective theories with heavy particles decoupled at the scale of their mass. We present the most general form for high-scale, soft SUSY-breaking parameters that obtains if we assume that the supersymmetry-breaking mechanism does not introduce new intergenerational couplings. This form, possibly amended to allow additional sources of flavor-violation, serves as a boundary condition for solving the RGEs for the dimensionful MSSM parameters. We then present illustrative examples of numerical solutions to the RGEs. We find that in a SUSY grand unified theory with the scale of SUSY scalars split from that of gauginos and higgsinos, the gaugino mass unification condition may be violated by O(10%). As another illustration, we show that in mSUGRA, the rate for the flavor-violating ttilde 1→c Ztilde 1 decay obtained using the complete RGE solution is smaller than that obtained using the commonly used “single-step” integration of the RGEs by a factor 10-25, and so may qualitatively change expectations for topologies from top-squark pair production at colliders. Together with the RGEs for dimensionless couplings presented in a companion paper, the RGEs in Appendix 2 of this paper form a complete set of one-loop MSSM RGEs that include threshold and flavor-effects necessary for two-loop accuracy.

Comparison of thermal and microwave paleointensity estimates in specimens that violate Thellier's laws

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grappone, J. M., Jr.; Biggin, A. J.; Barrett, T. J.; Hill, M. J.

2017-12-01

Deep in the Earth, thermodynamic behavior drives the geodynamo and creates the Earth's magnetic field. Determining how the strength of the field, its paleointensity (PI), varies with time, is vital to our understanding of Earth's evolution. Thellier-style paleointensity experiments assume the presence of non-interacting, single domain (SD) magnetic particles, which follow Thellier's laws. Most natural rocks however, contain larger, multi-domain (MD) or interacting single domain (ISD) particles that often violate these laws and cause experiments to fail. Even for samples that pass reliability criteria designed to minimize the impact of MD or ISD grains, different PI techniques can give systematically different estimates, implying violation of Thellier's laws. Our goal is to identify any disparities in PI results that may be explainable by protocol-specific MD and ISD behavior and determine optimum methods to maximize accuracy. Volcanic samples from the Hawai'ian SOH1 borehole previously produced method-dependent PI estimates. Previous studies showed consistently lower PI values when using a microwave (MW) system and the perpendicular method than using the original thermal Thellier-Thellier (OT) technique. However, the data were ambiguous regarding the cause of the discrepancy. The diverging estimates appeared to be either the result of using OT instead of the perpendicular method or the result of using MW protocols instead of thermal protocols. Comparison experiments were conducted using the thermal perpendicular method and microwave OT technique to bridge the gap. Preliminary data generally show that the perpendicular method gives lower estimates than OT for comparable Hlab values. MW estimates are also generally lower than thermal estimates using the same protocol.

Inner space/outer space - The interface between cosmology and particle physics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kolb, Edward W.; Turner, Michael S.; Lindley, David; Olive, Keith; Seckel, David

A collection of papers covering the synthesis between particle physics and cosmology is presented. The general topics addressed include: standard models of particle physics and cosmology; microwave background radiation; origin and evolution of large-scale structure; inflation; massive magnetic monopoles; supersymmetry, supergravity, and quantum gravity; cosmological constraints on particle physics; Kaluza-Klein cosmology; and future directions and connections in particle physics and cosmology.

Cosmological attractors and asymptotic freedom of the inflaton field

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kallosh, Renata; Linde, Andrei

2016-06-28

We show that the inflaton coupling to all other fields is exponentially suppressed during inflation in the cosmological α-attractor models. In the context of supergravity, this feature is a consequence of the underlying hyperbolic geometry of the moduli space which has a flat direction corresponding to the inflaton field. A combination of these factors protects the asymptotic flatness of the inflaton potential.

Heterotic reduction of Courant algebroid connections and Einstein-Hilbert actions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jurčo, Branislav; Vysoký, Jan

2016-08-01

We discuss Levi-Civita connections on Courant algebroids. We define an appropriate generalization of the curvature tensor and compute the corresponding scalar curvatures in the exact and heterotic case, leading to generalized (bosonic) Einstein-Hilbert type of actions known from supergravity. In particular, we carefully analyze the process of the reduction for the generalized metric, connection, curvature tensor and the scalar curvature.

Exp(1076) Shades of Black: Aspects of Black Hole Microstates

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasilakis, Orestis

In this thesis we examine smooth supergravity solutions known as "microstate geometries". These solutions have neither a horizon, nor a singularity, yet they have the same asymptotic structure and conserved charges as black holes. Specifically we study supersymmetric and extremal non-supersymmetric solutions. The goal of this program is to construct enough microstates to account for the correct scaling behavior of the black hole entropy with respect to the charges within the supergravity approximation. For supersymmetric systems that are ⅛-BPS, microstate geometries account so far only for Q5/4 of the total entropy S ˜ Q3/2, while for non-supersymmetric systems the known microstate geometries are sporadic. For the supersymmetric case we construct solutions with three and four charges. Five-dimensional systems with three and four charges are ⅛-BPS. Thus they admit macroscopic horizons making the supergravity approximation valid. For the three-charge case we present some steps towards the construction of the superstratum, a microstate geometry depending on arbitrary functions of two variables, which is expected to provide the necessary entropy for this class of solutions. Specifically we construct multiple concentric solutions with three electric and two dipole magnetic charges which depend on arbitrary functions of two variables and examine their properties. These solutions have no KKM charge and thus are singular. For the four-charge case we construct microstate geometries by extending results available in the literature for three charges. We find smooth solutions in terms of bubbled geometries with ambipolar Gibbons-Hawking base space and by constructing the relevant supertubes. In the non-supersymmetric case we work with a three-charge system of extremal black holes known as almost-BPS, which provides a controlled way of breaking sypersymmetry. By using supertubes we construct the first systematic example of a family of almost-BPS microstate geometries and examine the moduli space of solutions. Furthermore by using brane probe analysis we show that, despite the breaking of supersymmetry, almost-BPS solutions receive no quantum corrections and thus must be subject to some kind of non-renormalization theorem.

A model for filtered backprojection reconstruction artifacts due to time-varying attenuation values in perfusion C-arm CT.

PubMed

Fieselmann, Andreas; Dennerlein, Frank; Deuerling-Zheng, Yu; Boese, Jan; Fahrig, Rebecca; Hornegger, Joachim

2011-06-21

Filtered backprojection is the basis for many CT reconstruction tasks. It assumes constant attenuation values of the object during the acquisition of the projection data. Reconstruction artifacts can arise if this assumption is violated. For example, contrast flow in perfusion imaging with C-arm CT systems, which have acquisition times of several seconds per C-arm rotation, can cause this violation. In this paper, we derived and validated a novel spatio-temporal model to describe these kinds of artifacts. The model separates the temporal dynamics due to contrast flow from the scan and reconstruction parameters. We introduced derivative-weighted point spread functions to describe the spatial spread of the artifacts. The model allows prediction of reconstruction artifacts for given temporal dynamics of the attenuation values. Furthermore, it can be used to systematically investigate the influence of different reconstruction parameters on the artifacts. We have shown that with optimized redundancy weighting function parameters the spatial spread of the artifacts around a typical arterial vessel can be reduced by about 70%. Finally, an inversion of our model could be used as the basis for novel dynamic reconstruction algorithms that further minimize these artifacts.

Two-body decays of gluino at full one-loop level in the quark-flavour violating MSSM.

PubMed

Eberl, Helmut; Ginina, Elena; Hidaka, Keisho

2017-01-01

We study the two-body decays of the gluino at full one-loop level in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with quark-flavour violation (QFV) in the squark sector. The renormalisation is done in the [Formula: see text] scheme. The gluon and photon radiations are included by adding the corresponding three-body decay widths. We discuss the dependence of the gluino decay widths on the QFV parameters. The main dependence stems from the [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] mixing in the decays to up-type squarks, and from the [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] mixing in the decays to down-type squarks due to the strong constraints from B-physics on the other quark-flavour-mixing parameters. The full one-loop corrections to the gluino decay widths are mostly negative and of the order of about -10%. The QFV part stays small in the total width but can vary up to -8% for the decay width into the lightest [Formula: see text] squark. For the corresponding branching ratio the effect is somehow washed out by at least a factor of two. The electroweak corrections can be as large as 35% of the SUSY QCD corrections.

Coordinated Control Method of Voltage and Reactive Power for Active Distribution Networks Based on Soft Open Point

DOE PAGES

Li, Peng; Ji, Haoran; Wang, Chengshan; ...

2017-03-22

The increasing penetration of distributed generators (DGs) exacerbates the risk of voltage violations in active distribution networks (ADNs). The conventional voltage regulation devices limited by the physical constraints are difficult to meet the requirement of real-time voltage and VAR control (VVC) with high precision when DGs fluctuate frequently. But, soft open point (SOP), a flexible power electronic device, can be used as the continuous reactive power source to realize the fast voltage regulation. Considering the cooperation of SOP and multiple regulation devices, this paper proposes a coordinated VVC method based on SOP for ADNs. Firstly, a time-series model of coordi-natedmore » VVC is developed to minimize operation costs and eliminate voltage violations of ADNs. Then, by applying the linearization and conic relaxation, the original nonconvex mixed-integer non-linear optimization model is converted into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model which can be efficiently solved to meet the requirement of voltage regulation rapidity. Here, we carried out some case studies on the IEEE 33-node system and IEEE 123-node system to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.« less

Coordinated Control Method of Voltage and Reactive Power for Active Distribution Networks Based on Soft Open Point

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, Peng; Ji, Haoran; Wang, Chengshan

The increasing penetration of distributed generators (DGs) exacerbates the risk of voltage violations in active distribution networks (ADNs). The conventional voltage regulation devices limited by the physical constraints are difficult to meet the requirement of real-time voltage and VAR control (VVC) with high precision when DGs fluctuate frequently. But, soft open point (SOP), a flexible power electronic device, can be used as the continuous reactive power source to realize the fast voltage regulation. Considering the cooperation of SOP and multiple regulation devices, this paper proposes a coordinated VVC method based on SOP for ADNs. Firstly, a time-series model of coordi-natedmore » VVC is developed to minimize operation costs and eliminate voltage violations of ADNs. Then, by applying the linearization and conic relaxation, the original nonconvex mixed-integer non-linear optimization model is converted into a mixed-integer second-order cone programming (MISOCP) model which can be efficiently solved to meet the requirement of voltage regulation rapidity. Here, we carried out some case studies on the IEEE 33-node system and IEEE 123-node system to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.« less

Safeguarding our energy future

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

1993-02-01

Throughout the past several years, states have been receiving settlement monies distributed from escrow accounts maintained by the Department of Energy and various courts. These monies are paid by oil companies for alleged violations of the petroleum pricing regulations of the 1970's. These funds, commonly referred to as Petroleum Violation Escrow (PVE) or Oil Overcharge funds, have been an important tool in supporting energy efficiency programs and technologies at the state level. The aim of this publication is to highlight some of the many interesting, replicable projects funded with PVE monies and to serve as a resource for successful, energy efficiency programs in planning, technology application, and education. By capturing a number of these innovative state-level programs, this document will expand the information network on renewable energy and energy efficiency and serve as a point of departure for others pursuing similar goals. Projects referenced throughout this publication reflect some of the program areas in which the Department of Energy takes an active interest and fall into the following categories: (1) alternative fuels; (2) industrial efficiency and waste minimization; (3) electric power production from renewable resources; (4) building efficiency; (5) integrated resource planning; and (6) energy education.

The Tip of the Iceberg of Misleading Online Advertising

PubMed Central

Mintzes, Barbara

2016-01-01

Kim’s overview of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory actions from 2005 to 2014 is a comprehensive analysis of the US regulatory experience with online direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of prescription medicines. This experience is of relevance internationally as online DTCA reaches the English-speaking public globally, despite the illegality of DTCA in most countries. The most common violations were omissions or minimizations of risk information, overstatements of efficacy, unsubstantiated claims, and promotion of unapproved ("off-label") use. Nearly one fourth of violations involved cancer drugs, raising additional concerns about patient vulnerability, limited treatment advance, and high costs. Based on content analyses of online DTCA, these cases likely reflect a small proportion of unbalanced and misleading promotional information available on the web. The FDA is only able to review a small proportion of promotional materials submitted to them, due to limited staffing, and the delay between first posting and regulatory action means that many people may be exposed to messages that are found to be inaccurate and misleading. The sheer volume of online DTCA, combined with the ability for content to shift continually, poses unique regulatory challenges. PMID:27239883

Assessment of the usability of a digital learning technology prototype for monitoring intracranial pressure 1

PubMed Central

de Carvalho, Lilian Regina; Évora, Yolanda Dora Martinez; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the usability of a digital learning technology prototype as a new method for minimally invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure. Method: descriptive study using a quantitative approach on assessing the usability of a prototype based on Nielsen's ten heuristics. Four experts in the area of Human-Computer interaction participated in the study. Results: the evaluation delivered eight violated heuristics and 31 usability problems in the 32 screens of the prototype. Conclusion: the suggestions of the evaluators were critical for developing an intuitive, user-friendly interface and will be included in the final version of the digital learning technology. PMID:27579932

Old and new physics interpretations of the NuTeV anomaly

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Davidson, Sacha; Forte, Stefano; Gambino, Paolo; Rius, Nuria; Strumia, Alessandro

2002-02-01

We discuss whether the NuTeV anomaly can be explained, compatibly with all other data, by QCD effects (maybe, if the strange sea is asymmetric, or there is a tiny violation of isospin), new physics in propagators or couplings of the vector bosons (not really), loops of supersymmetric particles (no), dimension six operators (yes, for one specific SU(2)L-invariant operator), leptoquarks (not in a minimal way), extra U(1) gauge bosons (maybe: an unmixed Z' coupled to B-3Lμ also increases the muon g-2 by about 10-9 and gives a `burst' to cosmic rays above the GZK cutoff).

A continuous family of realistic SUSY SU(5) GUTs

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bajc, Borut, E-mail: borut.bajc@ijs.si

2016-06-21

It is shown that the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric SU(5) is still realistic providing the supersymmetric scale is at least few tens of TeV or large R-parity violating terms are considered. In the first case the vacuum is metastable, and different consistency constraints can give a bounded allowed region in the tan β − m{sub susy} plane. In the second case the mass eigenstate electron (down quark) is a linear combination of the original electron (down quark) and Higgsino (heavy colour triplet), and the mass ratio of bino and wino is determined. Both limits lead to light gravitino dark matter.

Casimir effect in presence of spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Escobar, C. A.

2018-01-01

The Casimir effect is one of the most remarkable consequences of the nonzero vacuum energy predicted by quantum field theory. In this contribution we study the Lorentz-violation effects of the minimal standard-model extension on the Casimir force between two parallel conducting plates in the vacuum. Using a perturbative method, we compute the relevant Green’s function which satisfies given boundary conditions. The standard point-splitting technique allow us to express the vacuum expectation value of the stress-energy tensor in terms of this Green’s function. Finally, we study the Casimir energy and the Casimir force paying particular attention to the quantum effects as approaching the plates.

Reliability-Based Control Design for Uncertain Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crespo, Luis G.; Kenny, Sean P.

2005-01-01

This paper presents a robust control design methodology for systems with probabilistic parametric uncertainty. Control design is carried out by solving a reliability-based multi-objective optimization problem where the probability of violating design requirements is minimized. Simultaneously, failure domains are optimally enlarged to enable global improvements in the closed-loop performance. To enable an efficient numerical implementation, a hybrid approach for estimating reliability metrics is developed. This approach, which integrates deterministic sampling and asymptotic approximations, greatly reduces the numerical burden associated with complex probabilistic computations without compromising the accuracy of the results. Examples using output-feedback and full-state feedback with state estimation are used to demonstrate the ideas proposed.

Construction and performance of MEGAs low-mass, high-rate cylindrical MWPCs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cooper, M. D.; Armijo, V.; Black, J. K.; Bolton, R. D.; Carius, S.; Espinoza, C.; Hart, G.; Hogan, G. E.; Gonzales, A.; Kroupa, M. A.; Mischke, R. E.; Sandoval, J.; Schilling, S.; Sena, J.; Suazo, G.; Whitehouse, D. A.; Wilkinson, C. A.; Stantz, K.; Szymanski, J. J.; Jui, C. C.; Gagliardi, C. A.; Tribble, R. E.; Tu, X.-L.; Fisk, R. J.; Koetke, D. D.; Manweiler, R. W.; Nord, P. M.; Stanislaus, S.; Piilonen, L. E.; Zhang, Y. D.

A design for extremely low mass, high-resolution multiwire proportional chambers (MWPC) was achieved by the MEGA collaboration in its experiment to search for the lepton family number violating decay μ→eγ. To extend the present branching ratio limit by over an order of magnitude, these MWPCs were operated in high particle fluxes. They showed minimal effects of aging, and evidenced spatial and energy resolutions for the orbiting positrons from muon decay which were consistent with our design parameters. The unique features of these chambers, their assembly into the MEGA positron spectrometer, and their performance during the experiment are described in this paper.

Realistic anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chacko, Zacharia; Luty, Markus A.; Maksymyk, Ivan; Pontón, Eduardo

2000-03-01

We consider supersymmetry breaking communicated entirely by the superconformal anomaly in supergravity. This scenario is naturally realized if supersymmetry is broken in a hidden sector whose couplings to the observable sector are suppressed by more than powers of the Planck scale, as occurs if supersymmetry is broken in a parallel universe living in extra dimensions. This scenario is extremely predictive: soft supersymmetry breaking couplings are completely determined by anomalous dimensions in the effective theory at the weak scale. Gaugino and scalar masses are naturally of the same order, and flavor-changing neutral currents are automatically suppressed. The most glaring problem with this scenario is that slepton masses are negative in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We point out that this problem can be simply solved by coupling extra Higgs doublets to the leptons. Lepton flavor-changing neutral currents can be naturally avoided by approximate symmetries. We also describe more speculative solutions involving compositeness near the weak scale. We then turn to electroweak symmetry breaking. Adding an explicit μ term gives a value for Bμ that is too large by a factor of ~ 100. We construct a realistic model in which the μ term arises from the vacuum expectation value of a singlet field, so all weak-scale masses are directly related to m3/2. We show that fully realistic electroweak symmetry breaking can occur in this model with moderate fine-tuning.

Search for new physics in trilepton events and limits on the associated chargino-neutralino production at CDF

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aaltonen, T.; Amerio, S.; Amidei, D.

2014-07-23

We perform a search for new physics using final states consisting of three leptons and a large imbalance in transverse momentum resulting from proton-antiproton collisions at 1.96 TeV center-of-mass energy. We use data corresponding to 5.8 fb -1 of integrated luminosity recorded by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider. Our main objective is to investigate possible new low-momentum (down to 5 GeV/c) multi-leptonic final states not investigated by LHC experiments. Relative to previous CDF analyses, we expand the geometric and kinematic coverage of electrons and muons and utilize tau leptons that decay hadronically. Inclusion of tau leptons ismore » particularly important for supersymmetry (SUSY) searches. The results are consistent with standard-model predictions. By optimizing our event selection to increase sensitivity to the minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) SUSY model, we set limits on the associated production of chargino and neutralino, the SUSY partners of the electroweak gauge bosons. We exclude cross sections up to 0.1 pb and chargino masses up to 168 GeV/c 2 at 95% CL, for a suited set of mSUGRA parameters. We also exclude a region of the two-dimensional space of the masses of the neutralino and the supersymmetric partner of the tau lepton, not previously excluded at the Tevatron.« less

Simple Tools to Facilitate Project Management of a Nursing Research Project.

PubMed

Aycock, Dawn M; Clark, Patricia C; Thomas-Seaton, LaTeshia; Lee, Shih-Yu; Moloney, Margaret

2016-07-01

Highly organized project management facilitates rigorous study implementation. Research involves gathering large amounts of information that can be overwhelming when organizational strategies are not used. We describe a variety of project management and organizational tools used in different studies that may be particularly useful for novice researchers. The studies were a multisite study of caregivers of stroke survivors, an Internet-based diary study of women with migraines, and a pilot study testing a sleep intervention in mothers of low-birth-weight infants. Project management tools were used to facilitate enrollment, data collection, and access to results. The tools included protocol and eligibility checklists, event calendars, screening and enrollment logs, instrument scoring tables, and data summary sheets. These tools created efficiency, promoted a positive image, minimized errors, and provided researchers with a sense of control. For the studies described, there were no protocol violations, there were minimal missing data, and the integrity of data collection was maintained. © The Author(s) 2016.

Multi-disciplinary optimization of aeroservoelastic systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karpel, Mordechay

1990-01-01

Efficient analytical and computational tools for simultaneous optimal design of the structural and control components of aeroservoelastic systems are presented. The optimization objective is to achieve aircraft performance requirements and sufficient flutter and control stability margins with a minimal weight penalty and without violating the design constraints. Analytical sensitivity derivatives facilitate an efficient optimization process which allows a relatively large number of design variables. Standard finite element and unsteady aerodynamic routines are used to construct a modal data base. Minimum State aerodynamic approximations and dynamic residualization methods are used to construct a high accuracy, low order aeroservoelastic model. Sensitivity derivatives of flutter dynamic pressure, control stability margins and control effectiveness with respect to structural and control design variables are presented. The performance requirements are utilized by equality constraints which affect the sensitivity derivatives. A gradient-based optimization algorithm is used to minimize an overall cost function. A realistic numerical example of a composite wing with four controls is used to demonstrate the modeling technique, the optimization process, and their accuracy and efficiency.

Multidisciplinary optimization of aeroservoelastic systems using reduced-size models

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Karpel, Mordechay

1992-01-01

Efficient analytical and computational tools for simultaneous optimal design of the structural and control components of aeroservoelastic systems are presented. The optimization objective is to achieve aircraft performance requirements and sufficient flutter and control stability margins with a minimal weight penalty and without violating the design constraints. Analytical sensitivity derivatives facilitate an efficient optimization process which allows a relatively large number of design variables. Standard finite element and unsteady aerodynamic routines are used to construct a modal data base. Minimum State aerodynamic approximations and dynamic residualization methods are used to construct a high accuracy, low order aeroservoelastic model. Sensitivity derivatives of flutter dynamic pressure, control stability margins and control effectiveness with respect to structural and control design variables are presented. The performance requirements are utilized by equality constraints which affect the sensitivity derivatives. A gradient-based optimization algorithm is used to minimize an overall cost function. A realistic numerical example of a composite wing with four controls is used to demonstrate the modeling technique, the optimization process, and their accuracy and efficiency.

Robust Control Design for Systems With Probabilistic Uncertainty

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Crespo, Luis G.; Kenny, Sean P.

2005-01-01

This paper presents a reliability- and robustness-based formulation for robust control synthesis for systems with probabilistic uncertainty. In a reliability-based formulation, the probability of violating design requirements prescribed by inequality constraints is minimized. In a robustness-based formulation, a metric which measures the tendency of a random variable/process to cluster close to a target scalar/function is minimized. A multi-objective optimization procedure, which combines stability and performance requirements in time and frequency domains, is used to search for robustly optimal compensators. Some of the fundamental differences between the proposed strategy and conventional robust control methods are: (i) unnecessary conservatism is eliminated since there is not need for convex supports, (ii) the most likely plants are favored during synthesis allowing for probabilistic robust optimality, (iii) the tradeoff between robust stability and robust performance can be explored numerically, (iv) the uncertainty set is closely related to parameters with clear physical meaning, and (v) compensators with improved robust characteristics for a given control structure can be synthesized.

Controlling bridging and pinching with pixel-based mask for inverse lithography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kobelkov, Sergey; Tritchkov, Alexander; Han, JiWan

2016-03-01

Inverse Lithography Technology (ILT) has become a viable computational lithography candidate in recent years as it can produce mask output that results in process latitude and CD control in the fab that is hard to match with conventional OPC/SRAF insertion approaches. An approach to solving the inverse lithography problem as a nonlinear, constrained minimization problem over a domain mask pixels was suggested in the paper by Y. Granik "Fast pixel-based mask optimization for inverse lithography" in 2006. The present paper extends this method to satisfy bridging and pinching constraints imposed on print contours. Namely, there are suggested objective functions expressing penalty for constraints violations, and their minimization with gradient descent methods is considered. This approach has been tested with an ILT-based Local Printability Enhancement (LPTM) tool in an automated flow to eliminate hotspots that can be present on the full chip after conventional SRAF placement/OPC and has been applied in 14nm, 10nm node production, single and multiple-patterning flows.

Optimization of entanglement witnesses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lewenstein, M.; Kraus, B.; Cirac, J. I.; Horodecki, P.

2000-11-01

An entanglement witness (EW) is an operator that allows the detection of entangled states. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for such operators to be optimal, i.e., to detect entangled states in an optimal way. We show how to optimize general EW, and then we particularize our results to the nondecomposable ones; the latter are those that can detect positive partial transpose entangled states (PPTES's). We also present a method to systematically construct and optimize this last class of operators based on the existence of ``edge'' PPTES's, i.e., states that violate the range separability criterion [Phys. Lett. A 232, 333 (1997)] in an extreme manner. This method also permits a systematic construction of nondecomposable positive maps (PM's). Our results lead to a sufficient condition for entanglement in terms of nondecomposable EW's and PM's. Finally, we illustrate our results by constructing optimal EW acting on H=C2⊗C4. The corresponding PM's constitute examples of PM's with minimal ``qubit'' domains, or-equivalently-minimal Hermitian conjugate codomains.

Migrant Farmworker Housing Regulation Violations in North Carolina

PubMed Central

Arcury, Thomas A.; Weir, Maria; Chen, Haiying; Summers, Phillip; Pelletier, Lori E.; Galván, Leonardo; Bischoff, Werner E.; Mirabelli, Maria C.; Quandt, Sara A.

2013-01-01

Background The quality of housing provided to migrant farmworkers is often criticized, but few studies have investigated these housing conditions. This analysis examines housing regulation violations experienced by migrant farmworkers in North Carolina, and the associations of camp characteristics with the presence of housing violations. Methods Data were collected in183 eastern North Carolina migrant farmworker camps in 2010. Housing regulation violations for the domains of camp, sleeping room, bathroom, kitchen, laundry room, and general housing, as well as total violations were assessed using North Carolina Department of Labor standards. Results Violations of housing regulations were common, ranging from 4 to 22 per camp. Housing regulation violations were common in all domains; the mean number of camp violations was 1.6, of sleeping room violations was 3.8, of bathroom violations was 4.5, of kitchen violations was 2.3, of laundry room violations was 1.2, and of general housing violations was 3.1. The mean number of total housing violations was 11.4. Several camp characteristics were consistently associated with the number of violations; camps with workers having H-2A visas, with North Carolina Department of Labor Certificates of Inspection posted, and assessed early in the season had fewer violations. Conclusions These results argue for regulatory changes to improve the quality of housing provided to migrant farmworkers, including stronger regulations and the more vigorous enforcement of existing regulations. PMID:22237961

Wages, wage violations, and pesticide safety experienced by migrant farmworkers in North Carolina.

PubMed

Robinson, Erin; Nguyen, Ha T; Isom, Scott; Quandt, Sara A; Grzywacz, Joseph G; Chen, Haiying; Arcury, Thomas A

2011-01-01

Farmworkers have the potential to receive wages that fail to meet minimum wage standards. This analysis describes wages and minimum wage violations among farmworkers, and it determines associations of wage violations with personal characteristics and pesticide safety regulation violations. Data are from a cross-sectional survey of 300 eastern North Carolina farmworkers conducted in June through August, 2009. Most farmworkers (90.0%) were paid by the hour, but 11.7 percent received piece-rate pay. Wage violations were prevalent among farmworkers: 18.3 percent of all farmworkers, 45.3 percent of farmworkers without H-2A visas, and 3.6 percent of farmworkers with H-2A visas experienced wage violations. Most farmworkers experienced numerous pesticide safety violations. Personal characteristics were not associated with wage violations among farmworkers without H-2A visas, but some pesticide safety violations were associated with wage violations. The association of violations indicates that some growers generally violate regulations. Greater enforcement of all regulations is needed.

WAGES, WAGE VIOLATIONS, AND PESTICIDE SAFETY EXPERIENCED BY MIGRANT FARMWORKERS IN NORTH CAROLINA*

PubMed Central

ROBINSON, ERIN; NGUYEN, HA T.; ISOM, SCOTT; QUANDT, SARA A.; GRZYWACZ, JOSEPH G.; CHEN, HAIYING; ARCURY, THOMAS A.

2012-01-01

Farmworkers have the potential to receive wages that fail to meet minimum wage standards. This analysis describes wages and minimum wage violations among farmworkers, and it determines associations of wage violations with personal characteristics and pesticide safety regulation violations. Data are from a cross-sectional survey of 300 eastern North Carolina farmworkers conducted in June through August, 2009. Most farmworkers (90.0%) were paid by the hour, but 11.7 percent received piece-rate pay. Wage violations were prevalent among farmworkers: 18.3 percent of all farmworkers, 45.3 percent of farmworkers without H-2A visas, and 3.6 percent of farmworkers with H-2A visas experienced wage violations. Most farmworkers experienced numerous pesticide safety violations. Personal characteristics were not associated with wage violations among farmworkers without H-2A visas, but some pesticide safety violations were associated with wage violations. The association of violations indicates that some growers generally violate regulations. Greater enforcement of all regulations is needed. PMID:21733804

Higher derivative couplings in theories with sixteen supersymmetries

DOE PAGES

Lin, Ying -Hsuan; Shao, Shu -Heng; Yin, Xi; ...

2015-12-15

We give simple arguments for new non-renormalization theorems on higher derivative couplings of gauge theories to supergravity, with sixteen supersymmetries, by considerations of brane-bulk superamplitudes. This leads to some exact results on the effective coupling of D3-branes in type IIB string theory. As a result, we also derive exact results on higher dimensional operators in the torus compactification of the six dimensional (0, 2) superconformal theory.

Applications of Subleading-Color Amplitudes in N = 4 SYM Theory

DOE PAGES

Naculich, Stephen G.; Nastase, Horatiu; Schnitzer, Howard J.

2011-01-01

A numore » mber of features and applications of subleading-color amplitudes of N = 4 SYM theory are reviewed. Particular attention is given to the IR divergences of the subleading-color amplitudes, the relationships of N = 4 SYM theory to N = 8 supergravity, and to geometric interpretations of one-loop subleading-color and N k MHV amplitudes of N = 4 SYM theory.« less

Starobinsky-like inflation and neutrino masses in a no-scale SO(10) model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ellis, John; Theoretical Physics Department, CERN,CH-1211 Geneva 23; Garcia, Marcos A.G.

2016-11-08

Using a no-scale supergravity framework, we construct an SO(10) model that makes predictions for cosmic microwave background observables similar to those of the Starobinsky model of inflation, and incorporates a double-seesaw model for neutrino masses consistent with oscillation experiments and late-time cosmology. We pay particular attention to the behaviour of the scalar fields during inflation and the subsequent reheating.

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

McAllister, Liam

2018-05-14

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-22

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons.Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2018-06-28

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-23

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

New variables for classical and quantum gravity in all dimensions: I. Hamiltonian analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bodendorfer, N.; Thiemann, T.; Thurn, A.

2013-02-01

Loop quantum gravity (LQG) relies heavily on a connection formulation of general relativity such that (1) the connection Poisson commutes with itself and (2) the corresponding gauge group is compact. This can be achieved starting from the Palatini or Holst action when imposing the time gauge. Unfortunately, this method is restricted to D + 1 = 4 spacetime dimensions. However, interesting string theories and supergravity theories require higher dimensions and it would therefore be desirable to have higher dimensional supergravity loop quantizations at one’s disposal in order to compare these approaches. In this series of papers we take first steps toward this goal. The present first paper develops a classical canonical platform for a higher dimensional connection formulation of the purely gravitational sector. The new ingredient is a different extension of the ADM phase space than the one used in LQG which does not require the time gauge and which generalizes to any dimension D > 1. The result is a Yang-Mills theory phase space subject to Gauß, spatial diffeomorphism and Hamiltonian constraint as well as one additional constraint, called the simplicity constraint. The structure group can be chosen to be SO(1, D) or SO(D + 1) and the latter choice is preferred for purposes of quantization.

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

Effects of grand unification interactions on weak symmetry breaking in supergravity theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Moxhay, Peter; Yamamoto, Katsuji

Possible effects of grand unification interactions on SU(2) × U(1) breaking are investigated by explicitly considering a supersymmetric SU(5) model coupled to N = 1 supergravity. Some remarkable features concerning the effects of renormalization on the effective soft supersymmetry breaking terms of SU(5) in the GUT region MP - MG are clarified, which are relevant for determining the SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1) theory below MG. In particular, the (mass) 2 of the Higgs doublets, g Hm g2and g overlineHm g2, might become significantly small at M G (g H ⋍ g overlineH ≈ 0.1) through the effect of SU(5) couplings such as overlineHø EH . Then, gH can rather easily become negative below MG, so as to realize SU(2) × U(1) breaking naturally even for the "diet" top quark case ( mt ≈ 40 GeV). On the other hand, if g H ⋍ g overlineH ⋍ 1 at M G by neglecting the grand unification interactions, some careful tuning of μ32/ mg2 is required with an accuracy ⪅10 -2 to achieve SU(2) × U(1) breaking with "diet" top quark, though a mass term μ 32( overlineHH) may be present.

Type IIB supergravity solution for the T-dual of the η-deformed AdS 5 × S 5 superstring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hoare, B.; Tseytlin, A. A.

2015-10-01

We find an exact type IIB supergravity solution that represents a one-parameter deformation of the T-dual of the AdS 5 × S 5 background (with T-duality applied in all 6 abelian bosonic isometric directions). The non-trivial fields are the metric, dilaton and RR 5-form only. The latter has remarkably simple "undeformed" form when written in terms of a "deformation-rotated" vielbein basis. An unusual feature of this solution is that the dilaton contains a linear dependence on the isometric coordinates of the metric precluding a straightforward reversal of T-duality. If we still formally dualize back, we find exactly the metric, B-field and product of dilaton with RR field strengths as recently extracted from the η-deformed AdS 5 × S 5 superstring action in arXiv:1507.04239. We also discuss similar solutions for deformed AdS n × S n backgrounds with n = 2 , 3. In the η → i limit we demonstrate that all these backgrounds can be interpreted as special limits of gauged WZW models and are also related to (a limit of) the Pohlmeyer-reduced models of the AdS n × S n superstrings.

Early universe cosmology, effective supergravity, and invariants of algebraic forms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sinha, Kuver

2015-09-01

The presence of light scalars can have profound effects on early universe cosmology, influencing its thermal history as well as paradigms like inflation and baryogenesis. Effective supergravity provides a framework to make quantifiable, model-independent studies of these effects. The Riemannian curvature of the Kähler manifold spanned by scalars belonging to chiral superfields, evaluated along supersymmetry breaking directions, provides an order parameter (in the sense that it must necessarily take certain values) for phenomena as diverse as slow roll modular inflation, nonthermal cosmological histories, and the viability of Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. Within certain classes of UV completions, the order parameter for theories with n scalar moduli is conjectured to be related to invariants of n -ary cubic forms (for example, for models with three moduli, the order parameter is given by a function on the ring of invariants spanned by the Aronhold invariants). Within these completions, and under the caveats spelled out, this may provide an avenue to obtain necessary conditions for the above phenomena that are in principle calculable given nothing but the intersection numbers of a Calabi-Yau compactification geometry. As an additional result, abstract relations between holomorphic sectional and bisectional curvatures are utilized to constrain Affleck-Dine baryogenesis on a wide class of Kähler geometries.

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

McAllister, Liam

2018-05-24

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe";. The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions".This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde. Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

Habemus superstratum! A constructive proof of the existence of superstrata

DOE PAGES

Bena, Iosif; Giusto, Stefano; Russo, Rodolfo; ...

2015-05-21

Here, we construct the first example of a superstratum: a class of smooth horizonless supergravity solutions that are parameterized by arbitrary continuous functions of (at least) two variables and have the same charges as the supersymmetric D1-D5-P black hole. We work in Type IIB string theory on T 4 or K 3 and our solutions involve a subset of fields that can be described by a six-dimensional supergravity with two tensor multiplets. The solutions can thus be constructed using a linear structure, and we give an explicit recipe to start from a superposition of modes specified by an arbitrary functionmore » of two variables and impose regularity to obtain the full horizonless solutions in closed form. We also give the precise CFT description of these solutions and show that they are not dual to descendants of chiral primaries. They are thus much more general than all the known solutions whose CFT dual is precisely understood. Hence our construction represents a substantial step toward the ultimate goal of constructing the fully generic superstratum that can account for a finite fraction of the entropy of the three-charge black hole in the regime of parameters where the classical black hole solution exists.« less

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

Sen, Ashoke

2018-04-27

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe". The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network". The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher.

SUSY’s Ladder: Reframing sequestering at Large Volume

DOE PAGES

Reece, Matthew; Xue, Wei

2016-04-07

Theories with approximate no-scale structure, such as the Large Volume Scenario, have a distinctive hierarchy of multiple mass scales in between TeV gaugino masses and the Planck scale, which we call SUSY's Ladder. This is a particular realization of Split Supersymmetry in which the same small parameter suppresses gaugino masses relative to scalar soft masses, scalar soft masses relative to the gravitino mass, and the UV cutoff or string scale relative to the Planck scale. This scenario has many phenomenologically interesting properties, and can avoid dangers including the gravitino problem, flavor problems, and the moduli-induced LSP problem that plague othermore » supersymmetric theories. We study SUSY's Ladder using a superspace formalism that makes the mysterious cancelations in previous computations manifest. This opens the possibility of a consistent effective field theory understanding of the phenomenology of these scenarios, based on power-counting in the small ratio of string to Planck scales. We also show that four-dimensional theories with approximate no-scale structure enforced by a single volume modulus arise only from two special higher-dimensional theories: five-dimensional supergravity and ten-dimensional type IIB supergravity. As a result, this gives a phenomenological argument in favor of ten dimensional ultraviolet physics which is different from standard arguments based on the consistency of superstring theory.« less

CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory 2010

ScienceCinema

None

2018-05-23

The CERN Winter School on Supergravity, Strings, and Gauge Theory is the analytic continuation of the yearly training school of the former EC-RTN string network "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe";. The 2010 edition of the school is supported and organized by the CERN Theory Divison, and will take place from Monday January 25 to Friday January 29, at CERN. As its predecessors, this school is meant primarily for training of doctoral students and young postdoctoral researchers in recent developments in theoretical high-energy physics and string theory. The programme of the school will consist of five series of pedagogical lectures, complemented by tutorial discussion sessions in the afternoons. Previous schools in this series were organized in 2005 at SISSA in Trieste, and in 2006, 2007, 2008, and 2009 at CERN, Geneva. Other similar schools have been organized in the past by the former related RTN network "The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions". This edition of the school is not funded by the European Union. The school is funded by the CERN Theory Division, and the Arnold Sommerfeld Center at Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich. Scientific committee: M. Gaberdiel, D. Luest, A. Sevrin, J. Simon, K. Stelle, S. Theisen, A. Uranga, A. Van Proeyen, E. Verlinde Local organizers: A. Uranga, J. Walcher

12 CFR 21.11 - Suspicious Activity Report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... an actual or potential victim of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations, or that the... it was either an actual or potential victim of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations... of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations, or that the bank was used to facilitate a...

12 CFR 21.11 - Suspicious Activity Report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... either an actual or potential victim of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations, or that... it was either an actual or potential victim of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations... of a criminal violation, or series of criminal violations, or that the bank was used to facilitate a...

Violations of Temporary Flight Restrictions and Air Defense Identification Zones: An Analysis of Airspace Violations and Pilot Report Data

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zuschlag, Michael

2005-01-01

This document provides the results from a study into the apparent factors and causes of violations of restricted airspace, particularly temporary flight restrictions (TFRs) and air defense identification zones (ADIZs). By illuminating the reasons for these violations, this study aims to take the first step towards reducing them. The study assesses the basic characteristics of restricted airspace violations as well as the probable causes and factors contributing to violations. Results from the study imply most violations occur where the restriction has been in place for a significant amount of time prior to the violation. Additionally, the study results imply most violations are not due to the pilot simply being unaware of the airspace at the time of violation. In most violations, pilots are aware of the presence of the restricted airspace but have incorrect information about it, namely, its exact boundaries or procedures for authorized penetration. These results imply that the best means to reduce violations of restricted airspace is to improve the effectiveness of providing pilots the details required to avoid the airspace.

Constaints on Lorentz symmetry violations using lunar laser ranging observations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bourgoin, Adrien

2016-12-01

General Relativity (GR) and the standard model of particle physics provide a comprehensive description of the four interactions of nature. A quantum gravity theory is expected to merge these two pillars of modern physics. From unification theories, such a combination would lead to a breaking of fundamental symmetry appearing in both GR and the standard model of particle physics as the Lorentz symmetry. Lorentz symmetry violations in all fields of physics can be parametrized by an effective field theory framework called the standard-model extension (SME). Local Lorentz Invariance violations in the gravitational sector should impact the orbital motion of bodies inside the solar system, such as the Moon. Thus, the accurate lunar laser ranging (LLR) data can be analyzed in order to study precisely the lunar motion to look for irregularities. For this purpose, ELPN (Ephéméride Lunaire Parisienne Numérique), a new lunar ephemeris has been integrated in the SME framework. This new numerical solution of the lunar motion provides time series dated in temps dynamique barycentrique (TDB). Among that series, we mention the barycentric position and velocity of the Earth-Moon vector, the lunar libration angles, the time scale difference between the terrestrial time and TDB and partial derivatives integrated from variational equations. ELPN predictions have been used to analyzed LLR observations. In the GR framework, the residuals standard deviations has turned out to be the same order of magnitude compare to those of INPOP13b and DE430 ephemerides. In the framework of the minimal SME, LLR data analysis provided constraints on local Lorentz invariance violations. Spetial attention was paid to analyze uncertainties to provide the most realistic constraints. Therefore, in a first place, linear combinations of SME coefficients have been derived and fitted to LLR observations. In a second time, realistic uncertainties have been determined with a resampling method. LLR data analysis did not reveal local Lorentz invariance vio lations arising on the lunar orbit. Therefore, GR predictions are recovered with absolute precisions of the order of 10-9 to 10-12.