49 CFR 195.264 - Impoundment, protection against entry, normal/emergency venting or pressure/vacuum relief for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... specified: (1) For tanks built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, and others (such as API Standard... accordance with section 4.3.2.3.1. (2) For tanks built to API 2510, the installation of impoundment must be in accordance with section 5 or 11 of API 2510 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (c...

49 CFR 195.264 - Impoundment, protection against entry, normal/emergency venting or pressure/vacuum relief for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... specified: (1) For tanks built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, and others (such as API Standard... accordance with section 4.3.2.3.1. (2) For tanks built to API 2510, the installation of impoundment must be in accordance with section 5 or 11 of API 2510 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (c...

49 CFR 195.264 - Impoundment, protection against entry, normal/emergency venting or pressure/vacuum relief for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... specified: (1) For tanks built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, and others (such as API Standard... accordance with section 4.3.2.3.1. (2) For tanks built to API 2510, the installation of impoundment must be in accordance with section 5 or 11 of API 2510 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (c...

49 CFR 195.264 - Impoundment, protection against entry, normal/emergency venting or pressure/vacuum relief for...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... specified: (1) For tanks built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, and others (such as API Standard... accordance with section 4.3.2.3.1. (2) For tanks built to API 2510, the installation of impoundment must be in accordance with section 5 or 11 of API 2510 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (c...

An example of how to handle amorphous fractions in API during early pharmaceutical development: SAR114137--a successful approach.

PubMed

Petzoldt, Christine; Bley, Oliver; Byard, Stephen J; Andert, Doris; Baumgartner, Bruno; Nagel, Norbert; Tappertzhofen, Christoph; Feth, Martin Philipp

2014-04-01

The so-called pharmaceutical solid chain, which encompasses drug substance micronisation to the final tablet production, at pilot plant scale is presented as a case study for a novel, highly potent, pharmaceutical compound: SAR114137. Various solid-state analytical methods, such as solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Water Vapour Sorption Gravimetry (DWVSG), hot-stage Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) were applied and evaluated to characterise and quantify amorphous content during the course of the physical treatment of crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). DSC was successfully used to monitor the changes in amorphous content during micronisation of the API, as well as during stability studies. (19)F solid-state NMR was found to be the method of choice for the detection and quantification of low levels of amorphous API, even in the final drug product (DP), since compaction during tablet manufacture was identified as a further source for the formation of amorphous API. The application of different jet milling techniques was a critical factor with respect to amorphous content formation. In the present case, the change from spiral jet milling to loop jet milling led to a decrease in amorphous API content from 20-30 w/w% to nearly 0 w/w% respectively. The use of loop jet milling also improved the processability of the API. Stability investigations on both the milled API and the DP showed a marked tendency for recrystallisation of the amorphous API content on exposure to elevated levels of relative humidity. No significant impact of amorphous API on either the chemical stability or the dissolution rate of the API in drug formulation was observed. Therefore, the presence of amorphous content in the oral formulation was of no consequence for the clinical trial phases I and II. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The novel Akt inhibitor API-1 induces c-FLIP degradation and synergizes with TRAIL to augment apoptosis independent of Akt inhibition.

PubMed

Li, Bo; Ren, Hui; Yue, Ping; Chen, Mingwei; Khuri, Fadlo R; Sun, Shi-Yong

2012-04-01

API-1 (pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines) is a novel small-molecule inhibitor of Akt, which acts by binding to Akt and preventing its membrane translocation and has promising preclinical antitumor activity. In this study, we reveal a novel function of API-1 in regulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) levels and TRAIL-induced apoptosis, independent of Akt inhibition. API-1 effectively induced apoptosis in tested cancer cell lines including activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9. It reduced the levels of c-FLIP without increasing the expression of death receptor 4 (DR4) or DR5. Accordingly, it synergized with TRAIL to induce apoptosis. Enforced expression of ectopic c-FLIP did not attenuate API-1-induced apoptosis but inhibited its ability to enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that downregulation of c-FLIP mediates enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by API-1 but is not sufficient for API-1-induced apoptosis. API-1-induced reduction of c-FLIP could be blocked by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Moreover, API-1 increased c-FLIP ubiquitination and decreased c-FLIP stability. These data together suggest that API-1 downregulates c-FLIP by facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Because other Akt inhibitors including API-2 and MK2206 had minimal effects on reducing c-FLIP and enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis, it is likely that API-1 reduces c-FLIP and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis independent of its Akt-inhibitory activity. 2012 AACR

Widespread dispersal of the microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an emergent pathogen of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera.

PubMed

Klee, Julia; Besana, Andrea M; Genersch, Elke; Gisder, Sebastian; Nanetti, Antonio; Tam, Dinh Quyet; Chinh, Tong Xuan; Puerta, Francisco; Ruz, José Maria; Kryger, Per; Message, Dejair; Hatjina, Fani; Korpela, Seppo; Fries, Ingemar; Paxton, Robert J

2007-09-01

The economically most important honey bee species, Apis mellifera, was formerly considered to be parasitized by one microsporidian, Nosema apis. Recently, [Higes, M., Martín, R., Meana, A., 2006. Nosema ceranae, a new microsporidian parasite in honeybees in Europe, J. Invertebr. Pathol. 92, 93-95] and [Huang, W.-F., Jiang, J.-H., Chen, Y.-W., Wang, C.-H., 2007. A Nosema ceranae isolate from the honeybee Apis mellifera. Apidologie 38, 30-37] used 16S (SSU) rRNA gene sequences to demonstrate the presence of Nosema ceranae in A. mellifera from Spain and Taiwan, respectively. We developed a rapid method to differentiate between N. apis and N. ceranae based on PCR-RFLPs of partial SSU rRNA. The reliability of the method was confirmed by sequencing 29 isolates from across the world (N =9 isolates gave N. apis RFLPs and sequences, N =20 isolates gave N. ceranae RFLPs and sequences; 100% correct classification). We then employed the method to analyze N =115 isolates from across the world. Our data, combined with N =36 additional published sequences demonstrate that (i) N. ceranae most likely jumped host to A. mellifera, probably within the last decade, (ii) that host colonies and individuals may be co-infected by both microsporidia species, and that (iii) N. ceranae is now a parasite of A. mellifera across most of the world. The rapid, long-distance dispersal of N. ceranae is likely due to transport of infected honey bees by commercial or hobbyist beekeepers. We discuss the implications of this emergent pathogen for worldwide beekeeping.

Addressing the diversity of the honeybee gut symbiont Gilliamella: description of Gilliamella apis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of honeybees (Apis mellifera).

PubMed

Ludvigsen, Jane; Porcellato, Davide; Amdam, Gro V; Rudi, Knut

2018-05-01

The gut microbiota of honeybees (Apis) and bumblebees (Bombus) include the symbiotic bacterial genus Gilliamella. This genus shows a high degree of functional and genomic diversity and separates into distinct lineages. Gilliamella apicola wkB1 T , which was isolated from Apis, was the first species to be described. Recently four new species, isolated from Bombus, were identified. In this paper, we compare several genomes/strains from previous studies spanning this diversity, which gives insight into the phylogenetic relationship among different Gilliamella species. We show that one lineage, isolated only from Apis, is different from other gilliamellas described, based on average nucleotide identity calculation (about 80 %) and phenotypic characterizations. We propose the new species name for this lineage: Gilliamella apis sp. nov. We present the characterization of the type strain NO3 T (=DSM 105629 T =LMG 30293 T ), a strain isolated from the Western honeybee Apis mellifera, which clusters within this lineage. Cells of strain NO3 T grow best in a microaerophilic atmosphere with enhanced CO2 levels at 36 °C and pH 7.0-7.5. Cells also grow well in anaerobic conditions, but not in aerobic conditions. Cells are approximately 1 µm in length and rod-shaped, and the genomic G+C content is 34.7 mol%. Differential characteristics between strain NO3 T and the different type strains of Gilliamella were revealed based on API kit tests and genomic content comparisons. The main respiratory quinone of strain NO3 T was ubiquinone-8, and the predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0, consistent with the genus Gilliamella.

Analysis of Environmental Assessment Procedures during OTH Emulator Test Flights

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-11-01

NUMER 2 GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG NUMBER AFGL-TR-87-0333 4. TITLE (A d SubtStle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERF 0 ANALYSIS OF...Discrepancies between MUFF1 and MOFFI values were resolved by ray tracing through a realistic ionosphere (derived from the Argentia ionograms) and...28~ Api 197 FlMd u~4 1 1 ULL U LL. LL. LL LA.. M : D 048r 00) Ir- CLI- a- OW C)o: LL1 C, LiW D D El i gurw lb MUF dnd MC’ \\ 28 April 1987 F2-Mode 5 0

Solid State Clipper Diodes for High Power Modulators.

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-11-01

modeled at low powers and later confirmed in actua l P W pulsar operation. 0~ \\ ~~~~~~~~~ . ~~~~~ .. . .— - - I. ~~~~~ 3 J~ItV~ . \\ W \\_ UNC l ASSIFIE...and CG is the di ide api-i tance to 1avg — Ip ~ j- ground . In our design the worst case diode leakage (I 2( lO ~C) was 15 milliamperes (mA) at I kV...without it. I2rms 1p 2 ~~ ( 4) the diode junction capacitance and stray l’nns — 5 x lO ~ A 2 capacitance affect the voltage division whenever the

[Evaluation of common commercial systems for the identification of yeast isolates in microbiology laboratories: a multicenter study].

PubMed

Karabıçak, Nilgün; Uludağ Altun, Hatice; Karatuna, Onur; Hazırolan, Gülşen; Aksu, Neriman; Adiloğlu, Ali; Akyar, Işın

2015-04-01

Accurate and rapid identification of yeast isolates have become important in recent years for not only antifungal susceptibility testing due to the species-specific clinical resistance breakpoints but also early initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy. In clinical microbiology laboratories species identification of yeasts is often performed with several commercial systems based on biochemical properties and rarely according to the physiological and morphological characteristics. The aim of this study was to compare the two common commercial systems, VITEK 2 YST ID Card (Vitek; bioMérieux, France) and API 20C AUX (API; bioMérieux, France) with conventional mycological methods. A total of 473 clinical yeast strains isolated from clinical specimens in different university and training/research hospitals and identified by Vitek system were included in the study. The isolates were re-identified with API and conventional methods including morphological identification in the Mycology Reference Laboratory of the Public Health Institute of Turkey. Candida dubliniensis MYA 583, Candida krusei ATCC 6258, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 32268 were used as quality control strains and those standard strains were studied consecutively 10 days with both of the methods. The results of identification by Vitek and API were compared with the results of conventional methods for those 473 yeast isolates [6 genus (Candida, Cryptococcus, Blastoshizomyces, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Trichosporon), 17 species (5 common and 12 rarely isolated)]. The performances of the systems were better (Vitek: 95%; API: 96%) for the commonly detected species (C.albicans, C.parapsilosis, C.glabrata, C.tropicalis and C.krusei) than those for rarely detected species (Vitek: 78.4%; API: 71.6%) (p= 0.155). Misidentification or unidentification were mostly detected for C.parapsilosis (Vitek: 6/87; API: 7/87) and C.glabrata (Vitek: 9/104; API: 3/104) by both of the systems. For rarely detected yeast isolates, misidentification or unidentification were most frequently observed in species of C.pelliculosa (Vitek: 3/11; API: 6/11) and C.dubliniensis (API and Vitek: 2/5) isolates. Candida guilliermondii (API: 2/5) isolates had lower rate of identification with API compared to other species. Blastoschizomyces capitatus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates could not be identified by both of the systems. As a result, the accurate diagnosis of Vitek and API systems were similar in terms of consistency (86.3%). Two systems performed well in correct identification of common clinical yeast species (at least 95%), while the identification of rare species was more challenging indicating that they require further morphological and physiological testing. The addition of morphological identification to commercial systems will be useful for accurate diagnosis and treatment of mixed infections.

Participating in the Geospatial Web: Collaborative Mapping, Social Networks and Participatory GIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rouse, L. Jesse; Bergeron, Susan J.; Harris, Trevor M.

In 2005, Google, Microsoft and Yahoo! released free Web mapping applications that opened up digital mapping to mainstream Internet users. Importantly, these companies also released free APIs for their platforms, allowing users to geo-locate and map their own data. These initiatives have spurred the growth of the Geospatial Web and represent spatially aware online communities and new ways of enabling communities to share information from the bottom up. This chapter explores how the emerging Geospatial Web can meet some of the fundamental needs of Participatory GIS projects to incorporate local knowledge into GIS, as well as promote public access and collaborative mapping.

40 CFR Table W - 1A of Subpart W of Part 98-Default Whole Gas Emission Factors for Onshore Petroleum and Natural...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... liquids greater than or equal to 20°API are considered “light crude.” 5 “Others” category includes... vents. 6 Hydrocarbon liquids less than 20°API are considered “heavy crude.” [77 FR 51494, Aug. 24, 2012] ...

40 CFR Table W - 1A of Subpart W of Part 98-Default Whole Gas Emission Factors for Onshore Petroleum and Natural...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... liquids greater than or equal to 20°API are considered “light crude.” 5 “Others” category includes... vents. 6 Hydrocarbon liquids less than 20°API are considered “heavy crude.” [77 FR 51494, Aug. 24, 2012] ...

Enhanced performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on organic dopant incorporated PVDF-HFP/PEO polymer blend electrolyte with g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} photoanode

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Senthil, R.A.; Theerthagiri, J.; Madhavan, J., E-mail: jagan.madhavan@gmail.com

This work describes the effect of 2-aminopyrimidine (2-APY) on poly(vinylidinefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) blend polymer electrolyte along with binary iodide salts (tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and potassium iodide (KI)) and iodine (I{sub 2}) were studied for enhancing the efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) consisting of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composite as photoanode. The g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} was synthesized from low cost urea by thermal condensation method. It was used as a precursor to synthesize the various weight percentage ratios (5%, 10% and 15%) of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composites by wet-impregnation method. The pure and 2-APY incorporated PVDF-HFP/PEO polymermore » blend electrolytes were arranged by wet chemical process (casting method) using DMF as a solvent. The synthesized g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composites and polymer blend electrolytes were studied and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ionic conductivity values of the pure and 2-APY incorporated PVDF-HFP/PEO blend electrolytes were estimated to be 4.53×10{sup −5} and 1.87×10{sup −4} Scm{sup −1} respectively. The UV–vis absorption spectroscopy was carried out for the pure and different wt% of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composites coated FTO films after N3 dye-sensitization. The 10 wt% g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composite film showed a maximum absorption compared to the others. The DSSC assembled with 10 wt% g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} as photoanode using the pure polymer blend electrolyte exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.17% , which was superior than that of DSSC based pure TiO{sub 2} (2.46%). However, the PCE was increased to 4.73% for the DSSC assembled using 10 wt% g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} as photoanode with 2-APY incorporated polymer blend electrolyte. Hence, the present study is a successful attempt to provide a new pathway to enhance the performance of DSSCs. - Graphical abstract: In this study, the g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} was synthesized from low cost urea and it was used as a precursor to synthesize of g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composite. The pure and 2-APY incorporated PVDF-HFP/PEO electrolytes were fabricated by solution casting method. A remarkably enhanced PCE of 4.73% was observed for 2-APY incorporated PVDF-HFP/PEO electrolyte with g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composite photoanode based DSSC. - Highlights: • 2-APY added PVDF-HFP/PEO electrolyte was prepared by solution casting method. • The g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} composites were synthesized by wet-impregnation method. • DSSC with g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4}/TiO{sub 2} and 2-APY added electrolyte showed the efficiency of 4.73 %. • The g-C{sub 3}N{sub 4} and 2-APY can be a useful dopant to enhance the performance of DSSCs.« less

49 CFR 195.205 - Repair, alteration and reconstruction of aboveground breakout tanks that have been in service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...-refrigerated and tanks built to API Standard 650 or its predecessor Standard 12C, repair, alteration, and reconstruction must be in accordance with API Standard 653. (2) For tanks built to API Specification 12F or API..., examination, and material requirements of those respective standards. (3) For high pressure tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.205 - Repair, alteration and reconstruction of aboveground breakout tanks that have been in service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...-refrigerated and tanks built to API Standard 650 or its predecessor Standard 12C, repair, alteration, and reconstruction must be in accordance with API Standard 653. (2) For tanks built to API Specification 12F or API..., examination, and material requirements of those respective standards. (3) For high pressure tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.205 - Repair, alteration and reconstruction of aboveground breakout tanks that have been in service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...-refrigerated and tanks built to API Standard 650 or its predecessor Standard 12C, repair, alteration, and reconstruction must be in accordance with API Standard 653. (2) For tanks built to API Specification 12F or API..., examination, and material requirements of those respective standards. (3) For high pressure tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.205 - Repair, alteration and reconstruction of aboveground breakout tanks that have been in service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...-refrigerated and tanks built to API Standard 650 or its predecessor Standard 12C, repair, alteration, and reconstruction must be in accordance with API Standard 653. (2) For tanks built to API Specification 12F or API..., examination, and material requirements of those respective standards. (3) For high pressure tanks built to API...

Effect of Storm Enhanced Densities on Geo-Location Accuracy over CONUS

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-09-15

s in G A IM -G M , u si n g th e A F W A g ri d . T h e le ft co lu m n sh o w s th e IF M b a ck g ro u n d s th a t G A IM -G M w a s re...cr ea ti n g , w h ic h h a d b ee n d ep le te d b y a fa ct o r o f 4 a b o

wayGoo: a platform for geolocating and managing indoor and outdoor spaces

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Thomopoulos, Stelios C. A.; Karafylli, Christina; Karafylli, Maria; Motos, Dionysis; Lampropoulos, Vassilis; Dimitros, Kostantinos; Margonis, Christos

2016-05-01

wayGoo2 is a platform for Geolocating and Managing indoor and outdoor spaces and content with multidimensional indoor and outdoor Navigation and Guidance. Its main components are a Geographic Information System, a back-end server, front-end applications and a web-based Content Management System (CMS). It constitutes a fully integrated 2D/3D space and content management system that creates a repository that consists of a database, content components and administrative data. wayGoo can connect to any third party database and event management data-source. The platform is secure as the data is only available through a Restful web service using https security protocol in conjunction with an API key used for authentication. To enhance users experience, wayGoo makes the content available by extracting components out of the repository and constructing targeted applications. The wayGoo platform supports geo-referencing of indoor and outdoor information and use of metadata. It also allows the use of existing information such as maps and databases. The platform enables planning through integration of content that is connected either spatially, temporally or contextually, and provides immediate access to all spatial data through interfaces and interactive 2D and 3D representations. wayGoo constitutes a mean to document and preserve assets through computerized techniques and provides a system that enhances the protection of your space, people and guests when combined with wayGoo notification and alert system. It constitutes a strong marketing tool providing staff and visitors with an immersive tool for navigation in indoor spaces and allowing users to organize their agenda and to discover events through wayGoo event scheduler and recommendation system. Furthermore, the wayGoo platform can be used in Security applications and event management, e.g. CBRNE incidents, man-made and natural disasters, etc., to document and geolocate information and sensor data (off line and real time) on one end, and offer navigation capabilities in indoor and outdoor spaces. Furthermore, the wayGoo platform can be used for the creation of immersive environments and experiences in conjunction with VR/AR (Virtual and Augmented Reality) technologies.

Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography separations of pharmaceutical samples using dual Fused-Core columns in the 2nd dimension.

PubMed

Alexander, Anthony J; Ma, Lianjia

2009-02-27

This paper focuses on the application of RPLC x RPLC to pharmaceutical analysis and addresses the specific problem of separating co-eluting impurities/degradation products that maybe "hidden" within the peak envelope of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and thus may escape detection by conventional methods. A comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatograph (LC x LC) was constructed from commercially available HPLC equipment. This system utilizes two independently configurable 2nd dimension binary pumping systems to deliver independent flow rates, gradient profiles and mobile phase compositions to dual Fused-Core secondary columns. Very fast gradient separations (30s total cycle time) were achieved at ambient temperature without excessive backpressure and without compromising optimal 1st dimension sampling rates. The operation of the interface is demonstrated for the analysis of a 1mg/ml standard mixture containing 0.05% of a minor component. The practicality of using RPLC x RPLC for the analysis of actual co-eluting pharmaceutical degradation products, by exploiting pH-induced changes in selectivity, is also demonstrated using a three component mixture. This mixture (an API, an oxidation product of the API at 1.0%, w/w, and a photo degradant of the API at 0.5%, w/w) was used to assess the stability indicating nature of an established LC method for analysis of the API.

Experimental Investigation of the Short-Period Requirements of MIL-F-8785C. Volume 2.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-11-01

instrument displays featuring an Attitude Direction Indicator (WDI) and a Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) as the primary instruments. The...34 + 2. w s + wi- eg sp sp The primary experiment matrix consisted of three short period fre- quency configurations at three values of (n/a). The points...radians per second. The cost fuction for each match was: NPTS cost= 11 [(AG i) 1 + W (AP)] where AGu X GainHo S - GainLOS [dB] Api = PhaseHOS _ PhaseLOS

Automatic sampling and analysis of organics and biomolecules by capillary action-supported contactless atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry.

PubMed

Hsieh, Cheng-Huan; Meher, Anil Kumar; Chen, Yu-Chie

2013-01-01

Contactless atmospheric pressure ionization (C-API) method has been recently developed for mass spectrometric analysis. A tapered capillary is used as both the sampling tube and spray emitter in C-API. No electric contact is required on the capillary tip during C-API mass spectrometric analysis. The simple design of the ionization method enables the automation of the C-API sampling system. In this study, we propose an automatic C-API sampling system consisting of a capillary (∼1 cm), an aluminium sample holder, and a movable XY stage for the mass spectrometric analysis of organics and biomolecules. The aluminium sample holder is controlled by the movable XY stage. The outlet of the C-API capillary is placed in front of the orifice of a mass spectrometer, whereas the sample well on the sample holder is moved underneath the capillary inlet. The sample droplet on the well can be readily infused into the C-API capillary through capillary action. When the sample solution reaches the capillary outlet, the sample spray is readily formed in the proximity of the mass spectrometer applied with a high electric field. The gas phase ions generated from the spray can be readily monitored by the mass spectrometer. We demonstrate that six samples can be analyzed in sequence within 3.5 min using this automatic C-API MS setup. Furthermore, the well containing the rinsing solvent is alternately arranged between the sample wells. Therefore, the C-API capillary could be readily flushed between runs. No carryover problems are observed during the analyses. The sample volume required for the C-API MS analysis is minimal, with less than 1 nL of the sample solution being sufficient for analysis. The feasibility of using this setup for quantitative analysis is also demonstrated.

Pricise Target Geolocation and Tracking Based on Uav Video Imagery

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hosseinpoor, H. R.; Samadzadegan, F.; Dadrasjavan, F.

2016-06-01

There is an increasingly large number of applications for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) from monitoring, mapping and target geolocation. However, most of commercial UAVs are equipped with low-cost navigation sensors such as C/A code GPS and a low-cost IMU on board, allowing a positioning accuracy of 5 to 10 meters. This low accuracy cannot be used in applications that require high precision data on cm-level. This paper presents a precise process for geolocation of ground targets based on thermal video imagery acquired by small UAV equipped with RTK GPS. The geolocation data is filtered using an extended Kalman filter, which provides a smoothed estimate of target location and target velocity. The accurate geo-locating of targets during image acquisition is conducted via traditional photogrammetric bundle adjustment equations using accurate exterior parameters achieved by on board IMU and RTK GPS sensors, Kalman filtering and interior orientation parameters of thermal camera from pre-flight laboratory calibration process. The results of this study compared with code-based ordinary GPS, indicate that RTK observation with proposed method shows more than 10 times improvement of accuracy in target geolocation.

Word Frequency Analysis. MOS: 16P. Skill Levels 1 & 2.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-05-01

8217 ALSC1 ALP ESECATE I API’LYI A-129 I AjI ~ AS-L-%/VIC I ATTAIN I1As~L2r v L% WORO FAeQUIEN#rM r Tf~16O RIATE 80142 131? PACE 3 I AV-@ ____ I...ENOJ 21..i~u. 191.4PME 21MAV UOi.~lO51’.iNEe;W~1CA2SP1tF4i H4PiI**IAPI C, 4DS-I*~4A5-II..... ROJOS 1.....9 PM4 21 MY §So.OOH 512 CH.PN~𔄁..IAR

The evaluation of physical properties of injection molded systems based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO).

PubMed

Pajander, Jari; Rensonnet, Alexia; Hietala, Sami; Rantanen, Jukka; Baldursdottir, Stefania

2017-02-25

The effect of product design parameters on the formation and properties of an injection molded solid dosage form consisting of poly(ethylene oxide)s (PEO) and two different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was studied. The product design parameters explored were melting temperature and the duration of melting, API loading degree and the molecular weight (M w ) of PEO. The solid form composition of the model APIs, theophylline and carbamazepine, was of specific interest, and its possible impact on the in vitro drug release behavior. M w of PEO had the greatest impact on the release rate of both APIs. High M w resulted in slower API release rate. Process temperature had two-fold effect with PEO 300,000g/mol. Firstly, higher process temperature transformed the crystalline part of the polymer into metastable folded form (more folded crystalline regions) and less into the more stable extended form (more extended crystalline regions), which lead to enhanced theophylline release rate. Secondly, the higher process temperature seemed to induce carbamazepine polymorphic transformation from p-monoclinic form III (carbamazepine (M)) into trigonal form II (carbamazepine (T)). The results indicated that the actual content of carbamazepine (T) affected drug release behavior more than the magnitude of transformation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

"You got to love rosin: Solventless dabs, pure, clean, natural medicine." Exploring Twitter data on emerging trends in Rosin Tech marijuana concentrates.

PubMed

Lamy, Francois R; Daniulaityte, Raminta; Zatreh, Mussah; Nahhas, Ramzi W; Sheth, Amit; Martins, Silvia S; Boyer, Edward W; Carlson, Robert G

2018-02-01

"Rosin tech" is an emerging solventless method consisting in applying moderate heat and constant pressure on marijuana flowers to prepare marijuana concentrates referred to as "rosin." This paper explores rosin concentrate-related Twitter data to describe tweet content and analyze differences in rosin-related tweeting across states with varying cannabis legal statuses. English language tweets were collected between March 15, 2015 and April 17, 2017, using Twitter API. U.S. geolocated unique (no retweets) tweets were manually coded to evaluate the content of rosin-related tweets. Adjusted proportions of Twitter users and personal communication tweets per state related to rosin concentrates were calculated. A permutation test was used to analyze differences in normalized proportions between U.S. states with different cannabis legal statuses. eDrugTrends collected 8389 tweets mentioning rosin concentrates/technique. 4164 tweets (49.6% of total sample) posted by 1264 unique users had identifiable state-level geolocation. Content analysis of 2010 non-retweeted tweets revealed a high proportion of media-related tweets (44.2%) promoting rosin as a safer and solventless production method. Tweet-volume-adjusted percentages of geolocated Twitter users and personal communication tweets about rosin were respectively up to seven and sixteen times higher between states allowing recreational use of cannabis and states where cannabis is illegal. Our results indicate that there are higher proportions of personal communication tweets and Twitter users tweeting about rosin in U.S. states where cannabis is legalized. Rosin concentrates are advertised as a safer, more natural form of concentrates, but more research on this emerging form of marijuana concentrate is needed. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

"Those edibles hit hard": Exploration of Twitter data on cannabis edibles in the U.S.

PubMed

Lamy, Francois R; Daniulaityte, Raminta; Sheth, Amit; Nahhas, Ramzi W; Martins, Silvia S; Boyer, Edward W; Carlson, Robert G

2016-07-01

Several states in the U.S. have legalized cannabis for recreational or medical uses. In this context, cannabis edibles have drawn considerable attention after adverse effects were reported. This paper investigates Twitter users' perceptions concerning edibles and evaluates the association edibles-related tweeting activity and local cannabis legislation. Tweets were collected between May 1 and July 31, 2015, using Twitter API and filtered through the eDrugTrends/Twitris platform. A random sample of geolocated tweets was manually coded to evaluate Twitter users' perceptions regarding edibles. Raw state proportions of Twitter users mentioning edibles were ajusted relative to the total number of Twitter users per state. Differences in adjusted proportions of Twitter users mentioning edibles between states with different cannabis legislation status were assesed via a permutation test. We collected 100,182 tweets mentioning cannabis edibles with 26.9% (n=26,975) containing state-level geolocation. Adjusted percentages of geolocated Twitter users posting about edibles were significantly greater in states that allow recreational and/or medical use of cannabis. The differences were statistically significant. Overall, cannabis edibles were generally positively perceived among Twitter users despite some negative tweets expressing the unreliability of edible consumption linked to variability in effect intensity and duration. Our findings suggest that Twitter data analysis is an important tool for epidemiological monitoring of emerging drug use practices and trends. Results tend to indicate greater tweeting activity about cannabis edibles in states where medical THC and/or recreational use are legal. Although the majority of tweets conveyed positive attitudes about cannabis edibles, analysis of experiences expressed in negative tweets confirms the potential adverse effects of edibles and calls for educating edibles-naïve users, improving edibles labeling, and testing their THC content. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

“Those edibles hit hard”: Exploration of Twitter data on cannabis edibles in the U.S

PubMed Central

Lamy, Francois R.; Daniulaityte, Raminta; Sheth, Amit; Nahhas, Ramzi W.; Martins, Silvia S.; Boyer, Edward W.; Carlson, Robert G.

2016-01-01

Aims Several states in the U.S. have legalized cannabis for recreational or medical uses. In this context, cannabis edibles have drawn considerable attention after adverse effects were reported. This paper investigates Twitter users’ perceptions concerning edibles and evaluates the association edibles-related tweeting activity and local cannabis legislation. Methods Tweets were collected between May 1 and July 31, 2015, using Twitter API and filtered through the eDrugTrends/Twitris platform. A random sample of geolocated tweets was manually coded to evaluate Twitter users’ perceptions regarding edibles. Raw state proportions of Twitter users mentioning edibles were ajusted relative to the total number of Twitter users per state. Differences in adjusted proportions of Twitter users mentioning edibles between states with different cannabis legislation status were assesed via a permutation test. Results We collected 100,182 tweets mentioning cannabis edibles with 26.9% (n=26,975) containing state-level geolocation. Adjusted percentages of geolocated Twitter users posting about edibles were significantly greater in states that allow recreational and/or medical use of cannabis. The differences were statistically significant. Overall, cannabis edibles were generally positively perceived among Twitter users despite some negative tweets expressing the unreliability of edible consumption linked to variability in effect intensity and duration. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Twitter data analysis is an important tool for epidemiological monitoring of emerging drug use practices and trends. Results tend to indicate greater tweeting activity about cannabis edibles in states where medical THC and/or recreational use are legal. Although the majority of tweets conveyed positive attitudes about cannabis edibles, analysis of experiences expressed in negative tweets confirms the potential adverse effects of edibles and calls for educating edibles-naïve users, improving edibles labeling, and testing their THC content. PMID:27185160

Pricise Target Geolocation Based on Integeration of Thermal Video Imagery and Rtk GPS in Uavs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hosseinpoor, H. R.; Samadzadegan, F.; Dadras Javan, F.

2015-12-01

There are an increasingly large number of uses for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) from surveillance, mapping and target geolocation. However, most of commercial UAVs are equipped with low-cost navigation sensors such as C/A code GPS and a low-cost IMU on board, allowing a positioning accuracy of 5 to 10 meters. This low accuracy which implicates that it cannot be used in applications that require high precision data on cm-level. This paper presents a precise process for geolocation of ground targets based on thermal video imagery acquired by small UAV equipped with RTK GPS. The geolocation data is filtered using a linear Kalman filter, which provides a smoothed estimate of target location and target velocity. The accurate geo-locating of targets during image acquisition is conducted via traditional photogrammetric bundle adjustment equations using accurate exterior parameters achieved by on board IMU and RTK GPS sensors and Kalman filtering and interior orientation parameters of thermal camera from pre-flight laboratory calibration process.

Three pharmaceuticals cocrystals of adefovir: Syntheses, structures and dissolution study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaoming; Sun, Fuxing; Zhang, Tingting; Jia, Jiangtao; Su, Hongmin; Wang, Chenhui; Zhu, Guangshan

2015-11-01

We report here three novel cocrystals, which are composed of adefovir as the API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) with p-aminobenzoic acid (1, 2C8H12N5O4P·C7H6NO2·3H2O), 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, C8H12N5O4P·C7H6O4·H2O) and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxlic acid (3, C8H12N5O4P·C7H5NO4) as CCFs (cocrystal formers) respectively by crystal engineering strategy. Their structures were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), elemental analysis (EA) and infrared spectral analysis (IR). The analysis of single crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrate that cocrystal 1 and 2 form a strong hydrogen-bonded assembly through the phosphoric acids of API with water in the lattice and carboxylic acids of CCF respectively. Cocrystal 3 is formed in which the phosphoric acid groups of API are also held by the carboxylic acid groups of CCF. The PXRD results indicate their high purity of as-synthesized samples. The TGA, EA, IR and dissolution study of API and the cocrystals were also measured and discussed.

The novel Akt inhibitor API-1 induces c-FLIP degradation and synergizes with TRAIL to augment apoptosis independent of Akt inhibition

PubMed Central

Li, Bo; Ren, Hui; Yue, Ping; Chen, Mingwei; Khuri, Fadlo R.; Sun, Shi-Yong

2012-01-01

API-1 is a novel small molecule inhibitor of Akt, which acts by binding to Akt and preventing its membrane translocation, and has promising preclinical antitumor activity. In this study, we reveal a novel function of API-1 in regulation of c-FLIP levels and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis, independent of Akt inhibition. API-1 effectively induced apoptosis in tested cancer cell lines including activation of caspase-8 and caspase-9. It reduced the levels of c-FLIP without increasing the expression of DR4 or DR5. Accordingly, it synergized with TRAIL to induce apoptosis. Enforced expression of ectopic c-FLIP did not attenuate API-1-induced apoptosis, but inhibited its ability to enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that downregulation of c-FLIP mediates enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by API-1, but is not sufficient for API-1-induced apoptosis. API-1-induced reduction of c-FLIP could be blocked by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Moreover, API-1 increased c-FLIP ubiquitination and decreased c-FLIP stability. These data together suggest that API-1 downregulates c-FLIP by facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Since other Akt inhibitors including API-2 and MK2206 had minimal effects on reducing c-FLIP and enhancement of TRAIL-induced apoptosis, it is likely that API-1 reduces c-FLIP and enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis independent of its Akt-inhibitory activity. PMID:22345097

Geolocation Accuracy Evaluations of OrbView-3, EROS-A, and SPOT-5 Imagery

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bresnahan, Paul

2007-01-01

This viewgraph presentation evaluates absolute geolocation accuracy of OrbView-3, EROS-A, and SPOT-5 by comparing test imagery-derived ground coordinates to Ground Control Points using SOCET set photogrammetric software.

JUPITER: Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability - An Application Programming Interface (API) for Model Analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Banta, Edward R.; Poeter, Eileen P.; Doherty, John E.; Hill, Mary C.

2006-01-01

he Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability Application Programming Interface (JUPITER API) improves the computer programming resources available to those developing applications (computer programs) for model analysis.The JUPITER API consists of eleven Fortran-90 modules that provide for encapsulation of data and operations on that data. Each module contains one or more entities: data, data types, subroutines, functions, and generic interfaces. The modules do not constitute computer programs themselves; instead, they are used to construct computer programs. Such computer programs are called applications of the API. The API provides common modeling operations for use by a variety of computer applications.The models being analyzed are referred to here as process models, and may, for example, represent the physics, chemistry, and(or) biology of a field or laboratory system. Process models commonly are constructed using published models such as MODFLOW (Harbaugh et al., 2000; Harbaugh, 2005), MT3DMS (Zheng and Wang, 1996), HSPF (Bicknell et al., 1997), PRMS (Leavesley and Stannard, 1995), and many others. The process model may be accessed by a JUPITER API application as an external program, or it may be implemented as a subroutine within a JUPITER API application . In either case, execution of the model takes place in a framework designed by the application programmer. This framework can be designed to take advantage of any parallel processing capabilities possessed by the process model, as well as the parallel-processing capabilities of the JUPITER API.Model analyses for which the JUPITER API could be useful include, for example: Compare model results to observed values to determine how well the model reproduces system processes and characteristics.Use sensitivity analysis to determine the information provided by observations to parameters and predictions of interest.Determine the additional data needed to improve selected model predictions.Use calibration methods to modify parameter values and other aspects of the model.Compare predictions to regulatory limits.Quantify the uncertainty of predictions based on the results of one or many simulations using inferential or Monte Carlo methods.Determine how to manage the system to achieve stated objectives.The capabilities provided by the JUPITER API include, for example, communication with process models, parallel computations, compressed storage of matrices, and flexible input capabilities. The input capabilities use input blocks suitable for lists or arrays of data. The input blocks needed for one application can be included within one data file or distributed among many files. Data exchange between different JUPITER API applications or between applications and other programs is supported by data-exchange files.The JUPITER API has already been used to construct a number of applications. Three simple example applications are presented in this report. More complicated applications include the universal inverse code UCODE_2005 (Poeter et al., 2005), the multi-model analysis MMA (Eileen P. Poeter, Mary C. Hill, E.R. Banta, S.W. Mehl, and Steen Christensen, written commun., 2006), and a code named OPR_PPR (Matthew J. Tonkin, Claire R. Tiedeman, Mary C. Hill, and D. Matthew Ely, written communication, 2006).This report describes a set of underlying organizational concepts and complete specifics about the JUPITER API. While understanding the organizational concept presented is useful to understanding the modules, other organizational concepts can be used in applications constructed using the JUPITER API.

A Process Analytical Technology (PAT) approach to control a new API manufacturing process: development, validation and implementation.

PubMed

Schaefer, Cédric; Clicq, David; Lecomte, Clémence; Merschaert, Alain; Norrant, Edith; Fotiadu, Frédéric

2014-03-01

Pharmaceutical companies are progressively adopting and introducing Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and Quality-by-Design (QbD) concepts promoted by the regulatory agencies, aiming the building of the quality directly into the product by combining thorough scientific understanding and quality risk management. An analytical method based on near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was developed as a PAT tool to control on-line an API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) manufacturing crystallization step during which the API and residual solvent contents need to be precisely determined to reach the predefined seeding point. An original methodology based on the QbD principles was designed to conduct the development and validation of the NIR method and to ensure that it is fitted for its intended use. On this basis, Partial least squares (PLS) models were developed and optimized using chemometrics methods. The method was fully validated according to the ICH Q2(R1) guideline and using the accuracy profile approach. The dosing ranges were evaluated to 9.0-12.0% w/w for the API and 0.18-1.50% w/w for the residual methanol. As by nature the variability of the sampling method and the reference method are included in the variability obtained for the NIR method during the validation phase, a real-time process monitoring exercise was performed to prove its fit for purpose. The implementation of this in-process control (IPC) method on the industrial plant from the launch of the new API synthesis process will enable automatic control of the final crystallization step in order to ensure a predefined quality level of the API. In addition, several valuable benefits are expected including reduction of the process time, suppression of a rather difficult sampling and tedious off-line analyses. © 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Crowd-sourced pictures geo-localization method based on street view images and 3D reconstruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, Liang; Yuan, Yi; Xia, Nan; Chen, Song; Chen, Yanming; Yang, Kang; Ma, Lei; Li, Manchun

2018-07-01

People are increasingly becoming accustomed to taking photos of everyday life in modern cities and uploading them on major photo-sharing social media sites. These sites contain numerous pictures, but some have incomplete or blurred location information. The geo-localization of crowd-sourced pictures enriches the information contained therein, and is applicable to activities such as urban construction, urban landscape analysis, and crime tracking. However, geo-localization faces huge technical challenges. This paper proposes a method for large-scale geo-localization of crowd-sourced pictures. Our approach uses structured, organized Street View images as a reference dataset and employs a three-step strategy of coarse geo-localization by image retrieval, selecting reliable matches by image registration, and fine geo-localization by 3D reconstruction to attach geographic tags to pictures from unidentified sources. In study area, 3D reconstruction based on close-range photogrammetry is used to restore the 3D geographical information of the crowd-sourced pictures, resulting in the proposed method improving the median error from 256.7 m to 69.0 m, and the percentage of the geo-localized query pictures under a 50 m error from 17.2% to 43.2% compared with the previous method. Another discovery using the proposed method is that, in respect of the causes of reconstruction error, closer distances from the cameras to the main objects in query pictures tend to produce lower errors and the component of error parallel to the road makes a more significant contribution to the Total Error. The proposed method is not limited to small areas, and could be expanded to cities and larger areas owing to its flexible parameters.

SIMS: Single Interface to Multiple Sources

DTIC Science & Technology

1996-07-01

5) and negate both sides to form the rule (A2 < 0) =>• (Al = ’Z’). 50 geolocC’Safaqis", 8001, Tunisia, ...) geoloc(" Valletta ", 8002, Malta...that are the most promising: 52 name = " Valletta " V "Marsaxlokk" V... glc_cd = 8002 V 8003 V ... country = "Malta" latitude = ... longitude

Numerical Integration with Graphical Processing Unit for QKD Simulation

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

Windows system application programming interface (API) timer. The problem sizes studied produce speedups greater than 60x on the NVIDIA Tesla C2075...13 2.3.3 CUDA API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3.4 CUDA and NVIDIA GPU Hardware...Theoretical Floating-Point Operations per Second for Intel CPUs and NVIDIA GPUs [3

Publishing high-quality climate data on the semantic web

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woolf, Andrew; Haller, Armin; Lefort, Laurent; Taylor, Kerry

2013-04-01

The effort over more than a decade to establish the semantic web [Berners-Lee et. al., 2001] has received a major boost in recent years through the Open Government movement. Governments around the world are seeking technical solutions to enable more open and transparent access to Public Sector Information (PSI) they hold. Existing technical protocols and data standards tend to be domain specific, and so limit the ability to publish and integrate data across domains (health, environment, statistics, education, etc.). The web provides a domain-neutral platform for information publishing, and has proven itself beyond expectations for publishing and linking human-readable electronic documents. Extending the web pattern to data (often called Web 3.0) offers enormous potential. The semantic web applies the basic web principles to data [Berners-Lee, 2006]: using URIs as identifiers (for data objects and real-world 'things', instead of documents) making the URIs actionable by providing useful information via HTTP using a common exchange standard (serialised RDF for data instead of HTML for documents) establishing typed links between information objects to enable linking and integration Leading examples of 'linked data' for publishing PSI may be found in both the UK (http://data.gov.uk/linked-data) and US (http://www.data.gov/page/semantic-web). The Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) is Australia's national meteorological agency, and has a new mandate to establish a national environmental information infrastructure (under the National Plan for Environmental Information, NPEI [BoM, 2012a]). While the initial approach is based on the existing best practice Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) architecture, linked-data is being explored as a technological alternative that shows great promise for the future. We report here the first trial of government linked-data in Australia under data.gov.au. In this initial pilot study, we have taken BoM's new high-quality reference surface temperature dataset, Australian Climate Observations Reference Network - Surface Air Temperature (ACORN-SAT) [BoM, 2012b]. This dataset contains daily homogenised surface temperature observations for 112 locations around Australia, dating back to 1910. An ontology for the dataset was developed [Lefort et. al., 2012], based on the existing Semantic Sensor Network ontology [Compton et. al., 2012] and the W3C RDF Data Cube vocabulary [W3C, 2012]. Additional vocabularies were developed, e.g. for BoM weather stations and rainfall districts. The dataset was converted to RDF and loaded into an RDF triplestore. The Linked-Data API (http://code.google.com/p/linked-data-api) was used to configure specific URI query patterns (e.g. for observation timeseries slices by station), and a SPARQL endpoint was provided for direct querying. In addition, some demonstration 'mash-ups' were developed, providing an interactive browser-based interface to the temperature timeseries. References [Berners-Lee et. al., 2001] Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila (2001), "The Semantic Web", Scientific American, May 2001. [Berners-Lee, 2006] Tim Berners-Lee (2006), "Linked Data - Design Issues", W3C [http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html] [BoM, 2012a] Bureau of Meteorology (2012), "Environmental information" [http://www.bom.gov.au/environment/] [BoM, 2012b] Bureau of Meteorology (2012), "Australian Climate Observations Reference Network - Surface Air Temperature" [http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/change/acorn-sat/] [Compton et. al., 2012] Michael Compton, Payam Barnaghi, Luis Bermudez, Raul Garcia-Castro, Oscar Corcho, Simon Cox, John Graybeal, Manfred Hauswirth, Cory Henson, Arthur Herzog, Vincent Huang, Krzysztof Janowicz, W. David Kelsey, Danh Le Phuoc, Laurent Lefort, Myriam Leggieri, Holger Neuhaus, Andriy Nikolov, Kevin Page, Alexandre Passant, Amit Sheth, Kerry Taylor (2012), "The SSN Ontology of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator Group", J. Web Semantics, 17 (2012) [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.websem.2012.05.003] [Lefort et. al., 2012] Laurent Lefort, Josh Bobruk, Armin Haller, Kerry Taylor and Andrew Woolf (2012), "A Linked Sensor Data Cube for a 100 Year Homogenised daily temperature dataset", Proc. Semantic Sensor Networks 2012 [http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-904/paper10.pdf] [W3C, 2012] W3C (2012), "The RDF Data Cube Vocabulary", [http://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-data-cube/

Improved blend and tablet properties of fine pharmaceutical powders via dry particle coating.

PubMed

Huang, Zhonghui; Scicolone, James V; Han, Xi; Davé, Rajesh N

2015-01-30

The improvements in the flow and packing of fine pharmaceutical powder blends due to dry coating of micronized acetaminophen (mAPAP, ∼11μm), a model poorly flowing drug, are quantified. Poor flow and packing density of fine excipients (∼20μm) allowed testing the hypothesis that dry coating of cohesive API may counteract poor flow and packing of fine pharmaceutical powder blends. Further, fine excipients could improve compaction and reduce segregation tendency. It was found that flow function coefficient (FFC) and bulk density enhancements for 10%, 30%, and 60% (w/w), API loading blends with dry coated API are significantly higher than those without coated silica. At the highest API loading, for which coarser excipients were also used as reference, the flow and packing of dry coated mAPAP blends were significantly increased regardless of the excipient particle size, exceeding those of a well compacting excipient, Avicel 102. In addition, tensile strength of tablets with fine excipients was significantly higher, indicating improved compactibility. These results show for the first time that dry coating of fine, cohesive API powder leads to significantly improved flow and packing of high API loading blends consisting of fine excipients, while achieving improved tablet compactibility, suggesting suitability for direct compaction. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

30 CFR 250.920 - What are the BSEE requirements for assessment of fixed platforms?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

.... Assessment categories are defined in API RP 2A-WSD, Section 17.3 (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198... of API RP 2A-WSD, incorporated by reference in § 250.198, for a description of assessment initiators). (c) You must initiate mitigation actions for platforms that do not pass the assessment process of API...

30 CFR 250.920 - What are the BSEE requirements for assessment of fixed platforms?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

.... Assessment categories are defined in API RP 2A-WSD, Section 17.3 (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198... of API RP 2A-WSD, incorporated by reference in § 250.198, for a description of assessment initiators). (c) You must initiate mitigation actions for platforms that do not pass the assessment process of API...

30 CFR 250.920 - What are the BSEE requirements for assessment of fixed platforms?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

.... Assessment categories are defined in API RP 2A-WSD, Section 17.3 (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198... of API RP 2A-WSD, incorporated by reference in § 250.198, for a description of assessment initiators). (c) You must initiate mitigation actions for platforms that do not pass the assessment process of API...

Minutes of the Explosives Safety Seminar (23rd) Held at Atlanta, Georgia on 9-11 August 1988. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-08-01

5l 𔃼"x1Ol’x14𔄃" 7597*/ 2C8 0.1160 Portable 8’X8’xS’ 512 0.698 0.0109 Primer mag. 14’z12’r7𔃿* 1260 27.5...8217x26󈧻x10’ 162q8 118.0 0.1835 Richoond 61𔃿"x26𔃿"x1O’ 1625 48.0 0.C747 Rectangular 220’ x52 ’x12’ 137280 473.0 0.1777 Pine Bluff Igloo 60’z26𔄀*x12󈨞...T ": a a £ a . i e p * *l S807 HrY $wo ft~o t" i * *-* guMt’ *s too ,~y IFIGURE 2 -MA.’N RANGE - API , MO 808 .Qr. 3 U t.6 II 41s 3* w

Serratia bozhouensis sp. nov., Isolated from Sewage Samples of a Dairy Farm.

PubMed

Shang, Fei; Xue, Ting; Wang, Man; Chen, Xiaolin; Yu, Li; Zhang, Ming

2017-07-01

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, salt-tolerant, non-pigmented, and non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain W1 T (type strain CICC 23797 = CGMCC1.14949), was isolated from sewage samples of a dairy farm in Bozhou, Anhui, China. Strain W1 was resistant to lincomycin, troleandomycin, rifamycin, and vancomycin. Sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA gene revealed that the strain showed sequence similarity of 98.2% with the closest related species Serratia quinivorans CP6a T . The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolate was 52.8 mol%. The biochemical characteristics of strain W1 T assessed by the API 20E and Biolog GEN III analysis were different from those of the members of the genus Serratia. On the basis of the phenotypic and genotypic differences, strain W1 was proposed to be a novel Serratia species, Serratia bozhouensis sp. nov W1 T .

Abstraction and Encoding of Sensory Information

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-01-25

of the visual system of the honeybee ( Apis mellifera ). II. The lamina. J. Ultras:ruct. Res. 31, .178-194 (1970). Varela, F.G.; Wiitanen, W.: The optics...on other insects, e.g. the bee Apis (Kunze 1961), the fruitfly Drosophila (Gotz 1964-1973), the housefly Musca (Fermi und Reichardt 1963, review

Automatic Geo-location Correction of Satellite Imagery

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-09-25

orientation of large stereo satellite image blocks.," Int. Arch. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Spatial Inf. Sci, vol. 39, pp. 209-214, 2012. [6...Coefficient (RPC) model to represent both the internal and external orientation of a satellite image in one Automatic Geo-location Correction of Satellite...Applications of Digital Image Processing VI, vol. 432, 1983. [9] Edward M Mikhail, James S Bethel, and J C McGlone, Introduction to Modern Photogrammetry

Genetic evaluation using single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor in American Angus.

PubMed

Lourenco, D A L; Tsuruta, S; Fragomeni, B O; Masuda, Y; Aguilar, I; Legarra, A; Bertrand, J K; Amen, T S; Wang, L; Moser, D W; Misztal, I

2015-06-01

Predictive ability of genomic EBV when using single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) in Angus cattle was investigated. Over 6 million records were available on birth weight (BiW) and weaning weight (WW), almost 3.4 million on postweaning gain (PWG), and over 1.3 million on calving ease (CE). Genomic information was available on, at most, 51,883 animals, which included high and low EBV accuracy animals. Traditional EBV was computed by BLUP and genomic EBV by ssGBLUP and indirect prediction based on SNP effects was derived from ssGBLUP; SNP effects were calculated based on the following reference populations: ref_2k (contains top bulls and top cows that had an EBV accuracy for BiW ≥0.85), ref_8k (contains all parents that were genotyped), and ref_33k (contains all genotyped animals born up to 2012). Indirect prediction was obtained as direct genomic value (DGV) or as an index of DGV and parent average (PA). Additionally, runs with ssGBLUP used the inverse of the genomic relationship matrix calculated by an algorithm for proven and young animals (APY) that uses recursions on a small subset of reference animals. An extra reference subset included 3,872 genotyped parents of genotyped animals (ref_4k). Cross-validation was used to assess predictive ability on a validation population of 18,721 animals born in 2013. Computations for growth traits used multiple-trait linear model and, for CE, a bivariate CE-BiW threshold-linear model. With BLUP, predictivities were 0.29, 0.34, 0.23, and 0.12 for BiW, WW, PWG, and CE, respectively. With ssGBLUP and ref_2k, predictivities were 0.34, 0.35, 0.27, and 0.13 for BiW, WW, PWG, and CE, respectively, and with ssGBLUP and ref_33k, predictivities were 0.39, 0.38, 0.29, and 0.13 for BiW, WW, PWG, and CE, respectively. Low predictivity for CE was due to low incidence rate of difficult calving. Indirect predictions with ref_33k were as accurate as with full ssGBLUP. Using the APY and recursions on ref_4k gave 88% gains of full ssGBLUP and using the APY and recursions on ref_8k gave 97% gains of full ssGBLUP. Genomic evaluation in beef cattle with ssGBLUP is feasible while keeping the models (maternal, multiple trait, and threshold) already used in regular BLUP. Gains in predictivity are dependent on the composition of the reference population. Indirect predictions via SNP effects derived from ssGBLUP allow for accurate genomic predictions on young animals, with no advantage of including PA in the index if the reference population is large. With the APY conditioning on about 10,000 reference animals, ssGBLUP is potentially applicable to a large number of genotyped animals without compromising predictive ability.

Open Core Data: Connecting scientific drilling data to scientists and community data resources

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fils, D.; Noren, A. J.; Lehnert, K.; Diver, P.

2016-12-01

Open Core Data (OCD) is an innovative, efficient, and scalable infrastructure for data generated by scientific drilling and coring to improve discoverability, accessibility, citability, and preservation of data from the oceans and continents. OCD is building on existing community data resources that manage, store, publish, and preserve scientific drilling data, filling a critical void that currently prevents linkages between these and other data systems and tools to realize the full potential of data generated through drilling and coring. We are developing this functionality through Linked Open Data (LOD) and semantic patterns that enable data access through the use of community ontologies such as GeoLink (geolink.org, an EarthCube Building Block), a collection of protocols, formats and vocabularies from a set of participating geoscience repositories. Common shared concepts of classes such as cruise, dataset, person and others allow easier resolution of common references through shared resource IDs. These graphs are then made available via SPARQL as well as incorporated into web pages following schema.org approaches. Additionally the W3C PROV vocabulary is under evaluation for use for documentation of provenance. Further, the application of persistent identifiers for samples (IGSNs); datasets, expeditions, and projects (DOIs); and people (ORCIDs), combined with LOD approaches, provides methods to resolve and incorporate metadata and datasets. Application Program Interfaces (APIs) complement these semantic approaches to the OCD data holdings. APIs are exposed following the Swagger guidelines (swagger.io) and will be evolved into the OpenAPI (openapis.org) approach. Currently APIs are in development for the NSF funded Flyover Country mobile geoscience app (fc.umn.edu), the Neotoma Paleoecology Database (neotomadb.org), Magnetics Information Consortium (MagIC; earthref.org/MagIC), and other community tools and data systems, as well as for internal OCD use.

Comparison of Vitek Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Versus Conventional Methods in Candida Identification.

PubMed

Keçeli, Sema Aşkın; Dündar, Devrim; Tamer, Gülden Sönmez

2016-02-01

Candida species are generally identified by conventional methods such as germ tube or morphological appearance on corn meal agar, biochemical methods using API kits and molecular biological methods. Alternative to these methods, rapid and accurate identification methods of microorganisms called matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDİ-TOF MS) has recently been described. In this study, Candida identification results by API Candida kit, API 20C AUX kit and identifications on corn meal agar (CMA) are compared with the results obtained on Vitek-MS. All results were confirmed by sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA. Totally, 97 Candida strains were identified by germ tube test, CMA, API and Vitek-MS. Vitek-MS results were compatible with 74.2 % of API 20C AUX and 81.4 % of CMA results. The difference between the results of API Candida and API 20C AUX was detected. The ratio of discrepancy between Vitek-MS and API 20C AUX was 25.8 %. Candida species mostly identified as C. famata or C. tropicalis by and not compatible with API kits were identified as C. albicans by Vitek-MS. Sixteen Candida species having discrepant results with Vitek-MS, API or CMA were randomly chosen, and ITS sequence analysis was performed. The results of sequencing were compatible 56.2 % with API 20C AUX, 50 % with CMA and 93.7 % with Vitek-MS. When compared with conventional identification methods, MS results are more reliable and rapid for Candida identification. MS system may be used as routine identification method in clinical microbiology laboratories.

Long-Term Corrosion Fatigue of Welded Marine Steels.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

MPa ksi MPa I C API 5L Grade B 35 240 60 min. 415 mrin. ASTM A53 Grade B 35 240 60 min. 415 min. ASTM A135 Grade B 35 240 60 min. 415 min. ASTM A139...2% max. cold expansion 42 290 60 min. 415 min. API 5LX Grade X52 2% max. cold expansion 52 360 66 min. 455 min. ASTM AS00 Grade B 42-46 290-320 58 mi...Environments 3.38 " 3.5 Influence of Load Ratio on the Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth Rates in API X-70 Linepipe Steel in 3.5% NaCl (From (3.30]) 3.39 3.6

A SNP based high-density linkage map of Apis cerana reveals a high recombination rate similar to Apis mellifera.

PubMed

Shi, Yuan Yuan; Sun, Liang Xian; Huang, Zachary Y; Wu, Xiao Bo; Zhu, Yong Qiang; Zheng, Hua Jun; Zeng, Zhi Jiang

2013-01-01

The Eastern honey bee, Apis cerana Fabricius, is distributed in southern and eastern Asia, from India and China to Korea and Japan and southeast to the Moluccas. This species is also widely kept for honey production besides Apis mellifera. Apis cerana is also a model organism for studying social behavior, caste determination, mating biology, sexual selection, and host-parasite interactions. Few resources are available for molecular research in this species, and a linkage map was never constructed. A linkage map is a prerequisite for quantitative trait loci mapping and for analyzing genome structure. We used the Chinese honey bee, Apis cerana cerana to construct the first linkage map in the Eastern honey bee. F2 workers (N = 103) were genotyped for 126,990 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). After filtering low quality and those not passing the Mendel test, we obtained 3,000 SNPs, 1,535 of these were informative and used to construct a linkage map. The preliminary map contains 19 linkage groups, we then mapped the 19 linkage groups to 16 chromosomes by comparing the markers to the genome of A. mellfiera. The final map contains 16 linkage groups with a total of 1,535 markers. The total genetic distance is 3,942.7 centimorgans (cM) with the largest linkage group (180 loci) measuring 574.5 cM. Average marker interval for all markers across the 16 linkage groups is 2.6 cM. We constructed a high density linkage map for A. c. cerana with 1,535 markers. Because the map is based on SNP markers, it will enable easier and faster genotyping assays than randomly amplified polymorphic DNA or microsatellite based maps used in A. mellifera.

Direct Geolocation of TerraSAR-X Spotlight Mode Image and Error Correction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Xiao; Zeng, Qiming; Jiao, Jian; Zhang, Jingfa; Gong, Lixia

2013-01-01

The GERMAN TerraSAR-X mission was launched in June 2007, operating a versatile new-generation SAR sensor in X-band. Its Spotlight mode providing SAR images at very high resolution of about 1m. The product’s specified 3-D geolocation accuracy is tightened to 1m according to the official technical report. However, this accuracy is able to be achieved relies on not only robust mathematical basis of SAR geolocation, but also well knowledge of error sources and their correction. The research focuses on geolocation of TerraSAR-X spotlight image. Mathematical model and resolving algorithms have been analyzed. Several error sources have been researched and corrected especially. The effectiveness and accuracy of the research was verified by the experiment results.

Application of melt extrusion in the development of a physically and chemically stable high-energy amorphous solid dispersion of a poorly water-soluble drug.

PubMed

Lakshman, Jay P; Cao, Yu; Kowalski, James; Serajuddin, Abu T M

2008-01-01

Formulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in high-energy amorphous forms is a common strategy to enhance solubility, dissolution rate and, consequently, oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Amorphous APIs are, however, susceptible to recrystallization and, therefore, there is a need to physically stabilize them as solid dispersions in polymeric carriers. Hot melt extrusion has in recent years gained wide acceptance as a method of choice for the preparation of solid dispersions. There is a potential that the API, the polymer or both may degrade if excessively high temperature is needed in the melt extrusion process, especially when the melting point of the API is high. This report details a novel method where the API was first converted to an amorphous form by solvent evaporation and then melt-extruded with a suitable polymer at a drug load of at least 20% w/w. By this means, melt extrusion could be performed much below the melting temperature of the drug substance. Since the glass transition temperature of the amorphous drug was lower than that of the polymer used, the drug substance itself served as the plasticizer for the polymer. The addition of surfactants in the matrix enhanced dispersion and subsequent dissolution of the drug in aqueous media. The amorphous melt extrusion formulations showed higher bioavailability than formulations containing the crystalline API. There was no conversion of amorphous solid to its crystalline form during accelerated stability testing of dosage forms.

Impact of sodium chloride on the expansion of a liquid-liquid miscibility gap in an API/water system. Case study of Brivaracetam.

PubMed

Couvrat, Nicolas; Mahieux, Julien; Fours, Baptiste; Cartigny, Yohann; Schenkel, Eric; Aerts, Luc; Quéré, Luc; Coquerel, Gérard

2016-12-30

Brivaracetam, or (2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl] butanamide, is an active pharmaceutical ingredient designed for the treatment of epilepsy. During the development of the IV administration mode, a liquid-liquid miscibility gap has been observed with pure water, isotonic and hypertonic solutions (vehicle at 0.9% w/w and 5%w/w NaCl respectively). The study reveals that the NaCl concentration has a direct impact on the extent of the demixing domain; from a sub-micronic demixing in pure water towards a macroscopic miscibility gap in hypertonic aqueous solutions. The thorough exploration of these heterogeneous equilibria led to define experimental parameters for safe IV injections without risk of liquid - liquid miscibility gap at 37°C. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Oceanids command and control (C2) data system - Marine autonomous systems data for vehicle piloting, scientific data users, operational data assimilation, and big data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Buck, J. J. H.; Phillips, A.; Lorenzo, A.; Kokkinaki, A.; Hearn, M.; Gardner, T.; Thorne, K.

2017-12-01

The National Oceanography Centre (NOC) operate a fleet of approximately 36 autonomous marine platforms including submarine gliders, autonomous underwater vehicles, and autonomous surface vehicles. Each platform effectivity has the capability to observe the ocean and collect data akin to a small research vessel. This is creating a growth in data volumes and complexity while the amount of resource available to manage data remains static. The OceanIds Command and Control (C2) project aims to solve these issues by fully automating the data archival, processing and dissemination. The data architecture being implemented jointly by NOC and the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) includes a single Application Programming Interface (API) gateway to handle authentication, forwarding and delivery of both metadata and data. Technicians and principle investigators will enter expedition data prior to deployment of vehicles enabling automated data processing when vehicles are deployed. The system will support automated metadata acquisition from platforms as this technology moves towards operational implementation. The metadata exposure to the web builds on a prototype developed by the European Commission supported SenseOCEAN project and is via open standards including World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) RDF/XML and the use of the Semantic Sensor Network ontology and Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) SensorML standard. Data will be delivered in the marine domain Everyone's Glider Observatory (EGO) format and OGC Observations and Measurements. Additional formats will be served by implementation of endpoints such as the NOAA ERDDAP tool. This standardised data delivery via the API gateway enables timely near-real-time data to be served to Oceanids users, BODC users, operational users and big data systems. The use of open standards will also enable web interfaces to be rapidly built on the API gateway and delivery to European research infrastructures that include aligned reference models for data infrastructure.

A City-wide Investigation of the Isotopic Distribution and Source of Tap Waters for Forensic Human Geolocation Ground-truthing.

PubMed

Ueda, Momoko; Bell, Lynne S

2017-05-01

Human geolocation is prefaced on the accuracy of the geographic precision of mapped isotopic values for drinking water. As most people live in cities, it becomes important to understand city water supplies and how the isotopic values uniquely reflect that city. This study investigated the isotopic distribution of δ 2 H and δ 18 O from sourced tap waters that were collected from across the Metro Vancouver (MV) area (n = 135). The results revealed that the isotopic values reflect their water sources with a range of 5.3‰ for δ 18 O tap and 29.3‰ for δ 2 H tap for MV. The results indicate that individual cities need higher resolution studies to determine their tap water isotopic ranges, and a good understanding of the water supply network itself for human geolocation work. With an extended high-resolution understanding of each city, human tissue may be compared with more certainty for geolocation. © 2016 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Assessment of powder blend uniformity: Comparison of real-time NIR blend monitoring with stratified sampling in combination with HPLC and at-line NIR Chemical Imaging.

PubMed

Bakri, Barbara; Weimer, Marco; Hauck, Gerrit; Reich, Gabriele

2015-11-01

Scope of the study was (1) to develop a lean quantitative calibration for real-time near-infrared (NIR) blend monitoring, which meets the requirements in early development of pharmaceutical products and (2) to compare the prediction performance of this approach with the results obtained from stratified sampling using a sample thief in combination with off-line high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and at-line near-infrared chemical imaging (NIRCI). Tablets were manufactured from powder blends and analyzed with NIRCI and HPLC to verify the real-time results. The model formulation contained 25% w/w naproxen as a cohesive active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), microcrystalline cellulose and croscarmellose sodium as cohesive excipients and free-flowing mannitol. Five in-line NIR calibration approaches, all using the spectra from the end of the blending process as reference for PLS modeling, were compared in terms of selectivity, precision, prediction accuracy and robustness. High selectivity could be achieved with a "reduced" approach i.e. API and time saving approach (35% reduction of API amount) based on six concentration levels of the API with three levels realized by three independent powder blends and the additional levels obtained by simply increasing the API concentration in these blends. Accuracy and robustness were further improved by combining this calibration set with a second independent data set comprising different excipient concentrations and reflecting different environmental conditions. The combined calibration model was used to monitor the blending process of independent batches. For this model formulation the target concentration of the API could be achieved within 3 min indicating a short blending time. The in-line NIR approach was verified by stratified sampling HPLC and NIRCI results. All three methods revealed comparable results regarding blend end point determination. Differences in both mean API concentration and RSD values could be attributed to differences in effective sample size and thief sampling errors. This conclusion was supported by HPLC and NIRCI analysis of tablets manufactured from powder blends after different blending times. In summary, the study clearly demonstrates the ability to develop efficient and robust quantitative calibrations for real-time NIR powder blend monitoring with a reduced set of powder blends while avoiding any bias caused by physical sampling. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comparisons of pollen substitute diets for honey bees: consumption rates by colonies and effects on brood and adult populations.

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Commercially available pollen substitute diets for honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were evaluated for consumption and colony growth (brood and adult populations) and compared with pollen cake and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Two trials were conducted; the first for 3 months during the fall and w...

Geolocators on Golden-winged Warblers do not affect migratory ecology

USGS Publications Warehouse

Peterson, Sean M.; Streby, Henry M.; Kramer, Gunnar R.; Lehman, Justin A.; Buehler, David A.; Andersen, David E.

2015-01-01

The use of light-level geolocators is increasingly common for connecting breeding and nonbreeding sites and identifying migration routes in birds. Until recently, the mass and size of geolocators precluded their use on songbird species weighing <12 g. Reducing the mass of geolocators, such as by shortening or eliminating the light stalk, may make their deployment on small birds feasible, but may also inhibit their ability to receive light reliably, because small geolocators can be shaded by feathers. Here we report geolocator effects on migratory ecology of Golden-winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) in Minnesota and Tennessee. We also evaluated whether stalk length influenced precision of location data for birds on the breeding grounds. At 8–10 g, Golden-winged Warblers are the smallest birds to be outfitted with geolocators to date. We found no differences in return rates, inter-annual territory fidelity, or body mass between geolocator-marked individuals and a control group of color-banded individuals. We observed no difference in return rates or variation in estimated breeding locations between birds marked with stalked geolocators and those with stalkless geolocators. Our results suggest that some small songbirds can be safely marked with geolocators. Light stalks appear to be unnecessary for Golden-winged Warblers; the added mass and drag of stalks can probably be eliminated on other small songbirds.

Apigenin attenuates diabetes-associated cognitive decline in rats via suppressing oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase pathway

PubMed Central

Mao, Xiao-Yuan; Yu, Jing; Liu, Zhao-Qian; Zhou, Hong-Hao

2015-01-01

Our present investigation aimed to determine the neuroprotection of apigenin (API) against diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) a diabetic rat model and exploring its potential mechanism. Diabetic rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. All experiment animals treated with vehicle or API by doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg for seven weeks. Firstly, the body weight and blood glucose levels were detected. We used Morris water maze test to evaluate learning and memory function. The oxidative indicators (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH)), cNOS, iNOS, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were measured in cerebral cortex and hippocampus using corresponding commercial kits. API can increase body weight, reduce the blood glucose levels, and improve the cognitive function in rats induced by diabetes. API decrease the MDA content, and increase SOD activity and GSH level of diabetic animals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of diabetic rats. Meanwhile, constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3/9 were markedly exhibited in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of diabetic rats. In summary, our current work discloses that API attenuates DACD in rats via suppressing oxidative stress, nitric oxide and apoptotic cascades synthase pathway. PMID:26629041

Modeling and Simulation of High Resolution Optical Remote Sensing Satellite Geometric Chain

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xia, Z.; Cheng, S.; Huang, Q.; Tian, G.

2018-04-01

The high resolution satellite with the longer focal length and the larger aperture has been widely used in georeferencing of the observed scene in recent years. The consistent end to end model of high resolution remote sensing satellite geometric chain is presented, which consists of the scene, the three line array camera, the platform including attitude and position information, the time system and the processing algorithm. The integrated design of the camera and the star tracker is considered and the simulation method of the geolocation accuracy is put forward by introduce the new index of the angle between the camera and the star tracker. The model is validated by the geolocation accuracy simulation according to the test method of the ZY-3 satellite imagery rigorously. The simulation results show that the geolocation accuracy is within 25m, which is highly consistent with the test results. The geolocation accuracy can be improved about 7 m by the integrated design. The model combined with the simulation method is applicable to the geolocation accuracy estimate before the satellite launching.

Mimotopes for Api g 5, a Relevant Cross-reactive Allergen, in the Celery-Mugwort-Birch-Spice Syndrome.

PubMed

Lukschal, Anna; Wallmann, Julia; Bublin, Merima; Hofstetter, Gerlinde; Mothes-Luksch, Nadine; Breiteneder, Heimo; Pali-Schöll, Isabella; Jensen-Jarolim, Erika

2016-03-01

In the celery-mugwort-birch-spice syndrome, a significant proportion of IgE is directed against high molecular weight (HMW) glycoproteins, including the celery allergen Api g 5. BIP3, a monoclonal antibody originally raised against birch pollen, recognizes HMW allergens in birch and mugwort pollens, celery, and Apiaceae spices. Our aim was to generate mimotopes using BIP3 for immunization against the HMW allergens relevant in the celery-mugwort-birch-spice cross reactivity syndrome. Mimotopes were selected from a random-peptide display library by BIP3 and applied in IgE inhibition assays. The 3 phage clones with the highest inhibitory capacity were chosen for immunization of BALB/c mice. Mouse immune sera were tested for IgG binding to blotted birch pollen extract and used for inhibiting patients' IgE binding. Furthermore, sera were tested for binding to Api g 5, to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a second glycoprotein, or to non-glycosylated control allergen Phl p 5 in ELISA, and the specific Api g 5-specific IgG titers were determined. Three rounds of biopanning resulted in phage clones exhibiting 7 different sequences including 1 dominant, 1-6-cyclo-CHKLRCDKAIA. Three phage clones had the capacity to inhibit human IgE binding and induced IgG to the HMW antigen when used for immunizing BALB/c mice. The induced BIP3-mimotope IgG reached titers of 1:500 specifically to Api g 5, but hardly reacted to glycoprotein HRP, revealing a minor role of carbohydrates in their epitope. The mimotopes characterized in this study mimic the epitope of BIP3 relevant for Api g 5, one of the cross-reactive HMW allergens relevant in the celery-mugwort-birch-spice syndrome. BIP3 mimotopes may be used in the future for hyposensitization in this clinical syndrome by virtue of good and specific immunogenicity.

Using Smartphones for Research Outside Clinical Settings: How Operating Systems, App Developers, and Users Determine Geolocation Data Quality in mHealth Studies.

PubMed

Beukenhorst, A L; Schultz, D M; McBeth, J; Lakshminarayana, R; Sergeant, J C; Dixon, W G

2017-01-01

Smartphones that collect user geolocation provid opportunities for mobile Health (mHealth). Although granularity of geolocation data may be high, data completeness depends on the device's operating system, application developer decisions, and user actions. We investigate completeness of geolocation data collected via smartphones of 5601 people that self-reported daily chronic pain symptoms on 349,293 days. On 17% of these days, hourly geolocation data is reported, but days with 0 (16%), 1 (14%) and 2 (13%) geolocations are common. Android phones collect geolocation more often than iPhones (median 17 versus 2 times a day). Factors on operating system level and individual user level influence completeness of geolocation data collected with smartphones. mHealth researchers should be aware of these factors when designing their studies. The mHealth research community should devise standards for reporting geolocation data quality, analysing systematic differences in data quality between participant groups, and methods for data imputation.

Synthesis, characterization and dissolution of three pharmaceutical cocrystals based on deferiprone

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Xiaoming; Tian, Yuyang; Jia, Jiangtao; Zhang, Tingting; Zhu, Guangshan

2016-03-01

In this paper we present three new cocrystals based on deferiprone which is the first oral medicine as iron chelator. Solitary deferiprone possesses some known problems due to its good solubility and frequent dosing side effects. For these three novel co crystals, deferiprone is the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1, C7H9NO2·C7H6O3), 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, C7H9NO2·C7H6O4) and maleic acid (3, C7H9NO2·C4H4O4) are used as cocrystal formers (CCFs), respectively. Their structures were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), elemental analysis (EA) and infrared spectral analysis (IR). Single crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrates that all three cocrystals (1-3) possess strong hydrogen-bondings assembled through hydroxyl of API and carboxylic acids of CCFs. The PXRD results indicate their high purity of as-synthesized samples. TGA, DTA, EA, IR and dissolution study of API and cocrystals were also measured and discussed, respectively. The results suggest that the cocrystals exhibit low dissolution rates comparing with solitary deferiprone, which is very advantageous for the oral medicine with frequent dosing side effects.

Geolocation error tracking of ZY-3 three line cameras

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pan, Hongbo

2017-01-01

The high-accuracy geolocation of high-resolution satellite images (HRSIs) is a key issue for mapping and integrating multi-temporal, multi-sensor images. In this manuscript, we propose a new geometric frame for analysing the geometric error of a stereo HRSI, in which the geolocation error can be divided into three parts: the epipolar direction, cross base direction, and height direction. With this frame, we proved that the height error of three line cameras (TLCs) is independent of nadir images, and that the terrain effect has a limited impact on the geolocation errors. For ZY-3 error sources, the drift error in both the pitch and roll angle and its influence on the geolocation accuracy are analysed. Epipolar and common tie-point constraints are proposed to study the bundle adjustment of HRSIs. Epipolar constraints explain that the relative orientation can reduce the number of compensation parameters in the cross base direction and have a limited impact on the height accuracy. The common tie points adjust the pitch-angle errors to be consistent with each other for TLCs. Therefore, free-net bundle adjustment of a single strip cannot significantly improve the geolocation accuracy. Furthermore, the epipolar and common tie-point constraints cause the error to propagate into the adjacent strip when multiple strips are involved in the bundle adjustment, which results in the same attitude uncertainty throughout the whole block. Two adjacent strips-Orbit 305 and Orbit 381, covering 7 and 12 standard scenes separately-and 308 ground control points (GCPs) were used for the experiments. The experiments validate the aforementioned theory. The planimetric and height root mean square errors were 2.09 and 1.28 m, respectively, when two GCPs were settled at the beginning and end of the block.

Effects of the aspartic protease inhibitor from Lupinus bogotensis seeds on the growth and development of Hypothenemus hampei: an inhibitor showing high homology with storage proteins.

PubMed

Molina, Diana; Patiño, Luisa; Quintero, Mónica; Cortes, José; Bastos, Sara

2014-02-01

The coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei is a pest that causes great economic damage to coffee grains worldwide. Because the proteins consumed are digested by aspartic proteases in the insect's midgut, the inhibition of these proteases by transferring a gene encoding an aspartic protease inhibitor from Lupinus bogotensis Benth. to coffee plants could provide a promising strategy to control this pest. Five aspartic protease inhibitors from L. bogotensis (LbAPI) were accordingly purified and characterized. The gene encoding the L. bogotensis aspartic protease inhibitor (LbAPI), with the highest inhibitory activity against H. hampei, was expressed in Escherichia coli and the purified recombinant protein (rLbAPI), with a molecular mass of 15 kDa, was subsequently assessed for its ability to inhibit the aspartic protease activity present in the H. hampei midgut in vitro, as well as its effects on the growth and development of H. hampei in vivo. The in vitro experiments showed that rLbAPI was highly effective against aspartic proteases from H. hampei guts, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.9 μg. The in vivo experiments showed that the concentration of rLbAPI (w/w) in the artificial diet necessary to cause 50% mortality (LD50) of the larvae was 0.91%. The amino acid sequence of LbAPI had high homology (52-80%) to the seed storage proteins, vicilin and β-conglutin, suggesting that this protein was generated by evolutionary events from a β-conglutin precursor. Based on these results, LbAPI may have a dual function as storage protein, and as defense protein against H. hampei. These results provide a promising alternative to obtain a coffee plant resistant to H. hampei. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improved scheme for Cross-track Infrared Sounder geolocation assessment and optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Likun; Zhang, Bin; Tremblay, Denis; Han, Yong

2017-01-01

An improved scheme for Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) geolocation assessment for all scan angles (from -48.5° to 48.5°) is developed in this study. The method uses spatially collocated radiance measurements from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) image band I5 to evaluate the geolocation performance of the CrIS Sensor Data Records (SDR) by taking advantage of its high spatial resolution (375 m at nadir) and accurate geolocation. The basic idea is to perturb CrIS line-of-sight vectors along the in-track and cross-track directions to find a position where CrIS and VIIRS data matches more closely. The perturbation angles at this best matched position are then used to evaluate the CrIS geolocation accuracy. More importantly, the new method is capable of performing postlaunch on-orbit geometric calibration by optimizing mapping angle parameters based on the assessment results and thus can be further extended to the following CrIS sensors on new satellites. Finally, the proposed method is employed to evaluate the CrIS geolocation accuracy on current Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite. The error characteristics are revealed along the scan positions in the in-track and cross-track directions. It is found that there are relatively large errors ( 4 km) in the cross-track direction close to the end of scan positions. With newly updated mapping angles, the geolocation accuracy is greatly improved for all scan positions (less than 0.3 km). This makes CrIS and VIIRS spatially align together and thus benefits the application that needs combination of CrIS and VIIRS measurements and products.

Simulation-Based Evaluation of Light Posts and Street Signs as 3-D Geolocation Targets in SAR Images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Auer, S.; Balss, U.

2017-05-01

The assignment of phase center positions (in 2D or 3D) derived from SAR data to physical object is challenging for many man-made structures such as buildings or bridges. In contrast, light poles and traffic signs are promising targets for tasks based on 3-D geolocation as they often show a prominent and spatially isolated appearance. For a detailed understanding of the nature of both targets, this paper presents results of a dedicated simulation case study, which is based on ray tracing methods (simulator RaySAR). For the first time, the appearance of the targets is analyzed in 2D (image plane) and 3D space (world coordinates of scene model) and reflecting surfaces are identified for related dominant image pixels. The case studies confirms the crucial impact of spatial resolution in the context of light poles and traffic signs and the appropriateness of light poles as target for 3-D geolocation in case of horizontal ground surfaces beneath.

Development and validation of an in-line NIR spectroscopic method for continuous blend potency determination in the feed frame of a tablet press.

PubMed

De Leersnyder, Fien; Peeters, Elisabeth; Djalabi, Hasna; Vanhoorne, Valérie; Van Snick, Bernd; Hong, Ke; Hammond, Stephen; Liu, Angela Yang; Ziemons, Eric; Vervaet, Chris; De Beer, Thomas

2018-03-20

A calibration model for in-line API quantification based on near infrared (NIR) spectra collection during tableting in the tablet press feed frame was developed and validated. First, the measurement set-up was optimised and the effect of filling degree of the feed frame on the NIR spectra was investigated. Secondly, a predictive API quantification model was developed and validated by calculating the accuracy profile based on the analysis results of validation experiments. Furthermore, based on the data of the accuracy profile, the measurement uncertainty was determined. Finally, the robustness of the API quantification model was evaluated. An NIR probe (SentroPAT FO) was implemented into the feed frame of a rotary tablet press (Modul™ P) to monitor physical mixtures of a model API (sodium saccharine) and excipients with two different API target concentrations: 5 and 20% (w/w). Cutting notches into the paddle wheel fingers did avoid disturbances of the NIR signal caused by the rotating paddle wheel fingers and hence allowed better and more complete feed frame monitoring. The effect of the design of the notched paddle wheel fingers was also investigated and elucidated that straight paddle wheel fingers did cause less variation in NIR signal compared to curved paddle wheel fingers. The filling degree of the feed frame was reflected in the raw NIR spectra. Several different calibration models for the prediction of the API content were developed, based on the use of single spectra or averaged spectra, and using partial least squares (PLS) regression or ratio models. These predictive models were then evaluated and validated by processing physical mixtures with different API concentrations not used in the calibration models (validation set). The β-expectation tolerance intervals were calculated for each model and for each of the validated API concentration levels (β was set at 95%). PLS models showed the best predictive performance. For each examined saccharine concentration range (i.e., between 4.5 and 6.5% and between 15 and 25%), at least 95% of future measurements will not deviate more than 15% from the true value. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Armaments for the Army of the Future (Army XXI Through Army After Next). An International Symposium & Exhibition

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-06-01

concentrate on the planned firing of a 155 mm ETC gun at the Kirkcudbright ballistic performance well in excess of that possible from Electromagnetic...The~ thrat APFSDS Demonstration 40mm C-1-W.S al I 500m API--SDS set-\\ ice round I.mvc 1,111 rropý211mlt Z7 10d APFSDS stretch round I 1-od Taruct I...CTWS Benefits of Ownership Product performance Product maturity All’ordability Integration benel"its System approach Benefits to CTAI CLIstomas/Partners

Influence of formulation and processing factors on stability of levothyroxine sodium pentahydrate.

PubMed

Collier, Jarrod W; Shah, Rakhi B; Gupta, Abhay; Sayeed, Vilayat; Habib, Muhammad J; Khan, Mansoor A

2010-06-01

Stability of formulations over shelf-life is critical for having a quality product. Choice of excipients, manufacturing process, storage conditions, and packaging can either mitigate or enhance the degradation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), affecting potency and/or stability. The purpose was to investigate the influence of processing and formulation factors on stability of levothyroxine (API). The API was stored at long-term (25 degrees C/60%RH), accelerated (40 degrees C/75%RH), and low-humidity (25 degrees C/0%RH and 40 degrees C/0%RH) conditions for 28 days. Effect of moisture loss was evaluated by drying it (room temperature, N(2)) and placed at 25 degrees C/0%RH and 40 degrees C/0%RH. The API was incubated with various excipients (based on package insert of marketed tablets) in either 1:1, 1:10, or 1:100 ratios with 5% moisture at 60 degrees C. Commonly used ratios for excipients were used. The equilibrium sorption data was collected on the API and excipients. The API was stable in solid state for the study duration under all conditions for both forms (potency between 90% and 110%). Excipients effect on stability varied and crospovidone, povidone, and sodium laurel sulfate (SLS) caused significant API degradation where deiodination and deamination occurred. Moisture sorption values were different across excipients. Crospovidone and povidone were hygroscopic whereas SLS showed deliquescence at high RH. The transient formulation procedures where temperature might go up or humidity might go down would not have major impact on the API stability. Excipients influence stability and if possible, those three should either be avoided or used in minimum quantity which could provide more stable tablet formulations with minimum potency loss throughout its shelf-life.

Identification of clinical yeasts by Vitek MS system compared with API ID 32 C.

PubMed

Durán-Valle, M Teresa; Sanz-Rodríguez, Nuria; Muñoz-Paraíso, Carmen; Almagro-Moltó, María; Gómez-Garcés, José Luis

2014-05-01

We performed a clinical evaluation of the Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) system with the commercial database version 2.0 for rapid identification of medically important yeasts as compared with the conventional phenotypic method API ID 32 C. We tested 161 clinical isolates, nine isolates from culture collections and five reference strains. In case of discrepant results or no identification with one or both methods, molecular identification techniques were employed. Concordance between both methods was observed with 160/175 isolates (91.42%) and misidentifications by both systems occurred only when taxa were not included in the respective databases, i.e., one isolate of Candida etchellsii was identified as C. globosa by Vitek MS and two isolates of C. orthopsilosis were identified as C. parapsilosis by API ID 32 C. Vitek MS could not identify nine strains (5.14%) and API ID 32 C did not identify 13 (7.42%). Vitek MS was more reliable than API ID 32 C and reduced the time required for the identification of clinical isolates to only a few minutes.

Novel medium-throughput technique for investigating drug-cyclodextrin complexation by pH-metric titration using the partition coefficient method.

PubMed

Dargó, Gergő; Boros, Krisztina; Péter, László; Malanga, Milo; Sohajda, Tamás; Szente, Lajos; Balogh, György T

2018-05-05

The present study was aimed to develop a medium-throughput screening technique for investigation of cyclodextrin (CD)-active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) complexes. Dual-phase potentiometric lipophilicity measurement, as gold standard technique, was combined with the partition coefficient method (plotting the reciprocal of partition coefficients of APIs as a function of CD concentration). A general equation was derived for determination of stability constants of 1:1 CD-API complexes (K 1:1,CD ) based on solely the changes of partition coefficients (logP o/w N -logP app N ), without measurement of the actual API concentrations. Experimentally determined logP value (-1.64) of 6-deoxy-6[(5/6)-fluoresceinylthioureido]-HPBCD (FITC-NH-HPBCD) was used to estimate the logP value (≈ -2.5 to -3) of (2-hydroxypropyl)-ß-cyclodextrin (HPBCD). The results suggested that the amount of HPBCD can be considered to be inconsequential in the octanol phase. The decrease of octanol volume due to the octanol-CD complexation was considered, thus a corrected octanol-water phase ratio was also introduced. The K 1:1,CD values obtained by this developed method showed a good accordance with the results from other orthogonal methods. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Sensitization prevalence, antibody cross-reactivity and immunogenic peptide profile of Api g 2, the non-specific lipid transfer protein 1 of celery.

PubMed

Gadermaier, Gabriele; Hauser, Michael; Egger, Matthias; Ferrara, Rosetta; Briza, Peter; Santos, Keity Souza; Zennaro, Danila; Girbl, Tamara; Zuidmeer-Jongejan, Laurian; Mari, Adriano; Ferreira, Fatima

2011-01-01

Celery (Apium graveolens) represents a relevant allergen source that can elicit severe reactions in the adult population. To investigate the sensitization prevalence and cross-reactivity of Api g 2 from celery stalks in a Mediterranean population and in a mouse model. 786 non-randomized subjects from Italy were screened for IgE reactivity to rApi g 2, rArt v 3 (mugwort pollen LTP) and nPru p 3 (peach LTP) using an allergen microarray. Clinical data of 32 selected patients with reactivity to LTP under investigation were evaluated. Specific IgE titers and cross-inhibitions were performed in ELISA and allergen microarray. Balb/c mice were immunized with purified LTPs; IgG titers were determined in ELISA and mediator release was examined using RBL-2H3 cells. Simulated endolysosomal digestion was performed using microsomes obtained from human DCs. IgE testing showed a sensitization prevalence of 25.6% to Api g 2, 18.6% to Art v 3, and 28.6% to Pru p 3 and frequent co-sensitization and correlating IgE-reactivity was observed. 10/32 patients suffering from LTP-related allergy reported symptoms upon consumption of celery stalks which mainly presented as OAS. Considerable IgE cross-reactivity was observed between Api g 2, Art v 3, and Pru p 3 with varying inhibition degrees of individual patients' sera. Simulating LTP mono-sensitization in a mouse model showed development of more congruent antibody specificities between Api g 2 and Art v 3. Notably, biologically relevant murine IgE cross-reactivity was restricted to the latter and diverse from Pru p 3 epitopes. Endolysosomal processing of LTP showed generation of similar clusters, which presumably represent T-cell peptides. Api g 2 represents a relevant celery stalk allergen in the LTP-sensitized population. The molecule displays common B cell epitopes and endolysosomal peptides that encompass T cell epitopes with pollen and plant-food derived LTP.

Sensitive detection of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate in heparin sodium or crude heparin with a colorimetric microplate based assay.

PubMed

Sommers, Cynthia D; Mans, Daniel J; Mecker, Laura C; Keire, David A

2011-05-01

In this work we describe a 96-well microplate assay for oversulfated chondroitin sulfate A (OSCS) in heparin, based on a water-soluble cationic polythiophene polymer (3-(2-(N-(N'-methylimidazole))ethoxy)-4-methylthiophene (LPTP)) and heparinase digestion of heparin. The assay takes advantage of several unique properties of heparin, OSCS, and LPTP, including OSCS inhibition of heparinase I and II activity, the molecular weight dependence of heparin-LPTP spectral shifts, and the distinct association of heparin fragments and OSCS to LPTP. These factors combine to enable detection of the presence of 0.003% w/w spiked OSCS in 10 μg of heparin sodium active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) using a plate reader and with visual detection to 0.1% levels. The same detection limit for OSCS was observed in the presence of 10% levels of dermatan sulfate (DS) or chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) impurities. In addition, we surveyed a selection of crude heparin samples received by the agency in 2008 and 2009 to determine average and extreme DS, CSA, and galactosamine weight percent levels. In the presence of these impurities and the variable heparin content in the crude heparin samples, spiked OSCS was reliably detected to the 0.1% w/w level using a plate reader. Finally, authentically OSCS contaminated heparin sodium API and crude samples were distinguished visually by color from control samples using the LPTP/heparinase test.

Achieving sub-pixel geolocation accuracy in support of MODIS land science

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wolfe, R.E.; Nishihama, M.; Fleig, A.J.; Kuyper, J.A.; Roy, David P.; Storey, James C.; Patt, F.S.

2002-01-01

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) was launched in December 1999 on the polar orbiting Terra spacecraft and since February 2000 has been acquiring daily global data in 36 spectral bands—29 with 1 km, five with 500 m, and two with 250 m nadir pixel dimensions. The Terra satellite has on-board exterior orientation (position and attitude) measurement systems designed to enable geolocation of MODIS data to approximately 150 m (1σ) at nadir. A global network of ground control points is being used to determine biases and trends in the sensor orientation. Biases have been removed by updating models of the spacecraft and instrument orientation in the MODIS geolocation software several times since launch and have improved the MODIS geolocation to approximately 50 m (1σ) at nadir. This paper overviews the geolocation approach, summarizes the first year of geolocation analysis, and overviews future work. The approach allows an operational characterization of the MODIS geolocation errors and enables individual MODIS observations to be geolocated to the sub-pixel accuracies required for terrestrial global change applications.

Visual Media Reasoning - Terrain-based Geolocation

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-06-01

the drawings, specifications, or other data does not license the holder or any other person or corporation ; or convey any rights or permission to...3.4 Alternative Metric Investigation This section describes a graphics processor unit (GPU) based implementation in the NVIDIA CUDA programming...utilizing 2 concurrent CPU cores, each controlling a single Nvidia C2075 Tesla Fermi CUDA card. Figure 22 shows a comparison of the CPU and the GPU powered

49 CFR 195.565 - How do I install cathodic protection on breakout tanks?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...) capacity built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the system in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651. However, installation of the system need not comply with API Recommended Practice 651 on any tank for which you note in...

49 CFR 195.579 - What must I do to mitigate internal corrosion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the lining in accordance with API Recommended Practice 652. However, installation of the lining need not comply with API Recommended Practice 652 on any tank for which you note in the corrosion...

49 CFR 195.565 - How do I install cathodic protection on breakout tanks?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...) capacity built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the system in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651. However, installation of the system need not comply with API Recommended Practice 651 on any tank for which you note in...

49 CFR 195.565 - How do I install cathodic protection on breakout tanks?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...) capacity built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the system in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651. However, installation of the system need not comply with API Recommended Practice 651 on any tank for which you note in...

49 CFR 195.579 - What must I do to mitigate internal corrosion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the lining in accordance with API Recommended Practice 652. However, installation of the lining need not comply with API Recommended Practice 652 on any tank for which you note in the corrosion...

49 CFR 195.579 - What must I do to mitigate internal corrosion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the lining in accordance with API Recommended Practice 652. However, installation of the lining need not comply with API Recommended Practice 652 on any tank for which you note in the corrosion...

49 CFR 195.579 - What must I do to mitigate internal corrosion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the lining in accordance with API Recommended Practice 652. However, installation of the lining need not comply with API Recommended Practice 652 on any tank for which you note in the corrosion...

78 FR 48738 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-08-09

... depend upon the Application Programming Interface (``API'') a Permit Holder is using.\\4\\ Currently, the Exchange offers two APIs: CBOE Market Interface (``CMi'') API and Financial Information eXchange (``FIX... available APIs, and if applicable, which version, it would like to use. \\4\\ An API is a computer interface...

49 CFR 195.565 - How do I install cathodic protection on breakout tanks?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...) capacity built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the system in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651. However, installation of the system need not comply with API Recommended Practice 651 on any tank for which you note in...

49 CFR 195.579 - What must I do to mitigate internal corrosion?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the lining in accordance with API Recommended Practice 652. However, installation of the lining need not comply with API Recommended Practice 652 on any tank for which you note in the corrosion...

49 CFR 195.565 - How do I install cathodic protection on breakout tanks?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...) capacity built to API Specification 12F, API Standard 620, or API Standard 650 (or its predecessor Standard 12C), you must install the system in accordance with API Recommended Practice 651. However, installation of the system need not comply with API Recommended Practice 651 on any tank for which you note in...

Targeted Information Dissemination

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-03-01

SETUP, RESULTS AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS .......................................... 36 APPENDIX C: TID API SPECIFICATION...are developed using FreePastry1. FreePastry provides an API for a structured P2P overlay network. Information Routing and address resolution is...the TID architecture to demonstrate its key features. TID interface API specifications are described in Appendix C. RSS feeds were used to obtain

Allergenic relevance of nonspecific lipid transfer proteins 2: Identification and characterization of Api g 6 from celery tuber as representative of a novel IgE-binding protein family.

PubMed

Vejvar, Eva; Himly, Martin; Briza, Peter; Eichhorn, Stephanie; Ebner, Christof; Hemmer, Wolfgang; Ferreira, Fatima; Gadermaier, Gabriele

2013-11-01

Apium graveolens represents a relevant food allergen source linked with severe systemic reactions. We sought to identify an IgE-binding nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP) in celery tuber. A low molecular weight protein exclusively present in celery tuber was purified and designated Api g 6. The entire protein sequence was obtained by MS and classified as member of the nsLTP2 family. Api g 6 is monomeric in solution with a molecular mass of 6936 Da. The alpha-helical disulfide bond-stabilized structure confers tremendous thermal stability (Tm > 90°C) and high resistance to gastrointestinal digestion. Endolysosomal degradation demonstrated low susceptibility and the presence of a dominant peptide cluster at the C-terminus. Thirty-eight percent of A. graveolens allergic patients demonstrated IgE reactivity to purified natural Api g 6 in ELISA and heat treatment did only partially reduce its allergenic activity. No correlation in IgE binding and limited cross-reactivity was observed with Api g 2 and Art v 3, nsLTP1 from celery stalks and mugwort pollen. Api g 6, a novel nsLTP2 from celery tuber represents the first well-characterized allergen in this protein family. Despite similar structural and physicochemical features as nsLTP1, immunological properties of Api g 6 are distinct which warrants its inclusion in molecule-based diagnosis of A. graveolens allergy. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Reconstruction of Power Supply System 20 kV Distribution to Compare Power Rate and Fall Voltage PT. PLN (Persero) Area Dumai

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tanjung, Abrar; Monice

2017-12-01

Electricity in Bagan Siapi city fire is channeled through a feeder distribution system of 20 kV. The main supply of Bagan Siapi-api city comes from PLTD unit Bagan Siapi fire which is  ± 1.5 kms from the load center and Duri Substation is  ± 102 kms from Bagan Siapi-api city through Hubung Ujung Tanjung. The long distances between the Duri Mainstation and Bagan Siapiapi city resulted in a 14.85 kV end-voltage and a 988.7 kW loss. Voltage losses resulted in ineffective service to the consumer and large network power losses being uneconomical for power delivery operations. The result of end voltage calculation is 10.42 kV and the power loss is 988.7 kW. After the New Substation operates, reconfiguration-1 produces the lowest end-voltage calculation of 16.21 kV and a power loss of 136.59 kW, while reconfiguration-2 produces a low end stress calculation of 17.37 kV and a power loss of 56.93 kW.

Development of stability-enhanced ternary solid dispersions via combinations of HPMCP and Soluplus® processed by hot melt extrusion.

PubMed

Albadarin, Ahmad B; Potter, Catherine B; Davis, Mark T; Iqbal, Javed; Korde, Sachin; Pagire, Sudhir; Paradkar, Anant; Walker, Gavin

2017-10-30

The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel combination of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP-HP-50) and Soluplus ® polymers for enhanced physicochemical stability and solubility of the produced amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). This was achieved using hot melt extrusion (HME) to convert the crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) into a more soluble amorphous form within the ternary systems. Itraconazole (ITZ), a Biopharmaceutics Classification System class II (BCS II) API, was selected as the model drug. The ASDs were characterized by Powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) and dissolution studies. The data showed that the ASDs were physically and chemically stable at 20°C and 50% RH over 12 months. PXRD results indicated that the ITZ in the ASDs was in the amorphous state and no recrystallization occurred. DSC scans confirmed that each formulation exhibited a single intermediate glass transition (T g ), around 96.4°C, indicating that ITZ was completely miscible in the polymeric blends of HPMCP and Soluplus ® at up to 30% (w/w) drug loading and that the two polymers were miscible with each other in the presence of ITZ. The FTIR analysis indicated the formation of strong hydrogen bonding between ITZ, HPMCP and Soluplus ® . The dissolution end-point of the ASDs was determined to be approximately 10 times greater than that of the crystalline ITZ. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Geolocation and Pointing Accuracy Analysis for the WindSat Sensor

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Meissner, Thomas; Wentz, Frank J.; Purdy, William E.; Gaiser, Peter W.; Poe, Gene; Uliana, Enzo A.

2006-01-01

Geolocation and pointing accuracy analyses of the WindSat flight data are presented. The two topics were intertwined in the flight data analysis and will be addressed together. WindSat has no unusual geolocation requirements relative to other sensors, but its beam pointing knowledge accuracy is especially critical to support accurate polarimetric radiometry. Pointing accuracy was improved and verified using geolocation analysis in conjunction with scan bias analysis. nvo methods were needed to properly identify and differentiate between data time tagging and pointing knowledge errors. Matchups comparing coastlines indicated in imagery data with their known geographic locations were used to identify geolocation errors. These coastline matchups showed possible pointing errors with ambiguities as to the true source of the errors. Scan bias analysis of U, the third Stokes parameter, and of vertical and horizontal polarizations provided measurement of pointing offsets resolving ambiguities in the coastline matchup analysis. Several geolocation and pointing bias sources were incfementally eliminated resulting in pointing knowledge and geolocation accuracy that met all design requirements.

Isolation, Expression Analysis, and Functional Characterization of the First Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor in Insects

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster and the honey bee Apis mellifera . Prog Neurobiol 80:1–19. 28. Larkin MA, et al. (2007) Clustal W and Clustal X version...receptors predicted or annotated in the Acyrthosiphon pisum, Pediculus humanus corporis, andApis mellifera genomes. The CAPA-related peptides in insects...prolixus CAPA Receptor Gene. CAPA receptor protein sequences identified or predicted in D. melanogaster (AAS65092) (13, 14), A. mellifera (NP_001091702

Investigation of drug-excipient compatibility using rheological and thermal tools

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Trivedi, Maitri R.

HYPOTHESIS: We plan to investigate a different approach to evaluate drug-excipient physical compatibility using rheological and thermal tools as opposed to commonly used chemical techniques in pharmaceutical industry. This approach offers practical solutions to routinely associated problems arising with API's and commonly used hydrates forms of excipients. ABSTRACT: Drug-Excipient compatibility studies are an important aspect of pre-formulation and formulation development in pharmaceutical research and development. Various approaches have been used in pharmaceutical industry including use of thermal analysis and quantitative assessment of drug-excipient mixtures after keeping the samples under stress environment depending upon the type of formulation. In an attempt to provide better understanding of such compatibility aspect of excipients with different properties of API, various rheological and thermal studies were conducted on binary mixtures of excipients which exist in different hydrates. Dibasic Calcium Phosphate (DCP, anhydrous and dihydrate forms) and Lactose (Lac, anhydrous and monohydrate) were selected with cohesive API's (Acetaminophen and Aspirin). Binary mixtures of DCP and Lac were prepared by addition of 0% w/w to 50% w/w of the API into each powder blend. Rheological and thermal aspects were considered using different approaches such as powder rheometer, rotational shear cell and traditional rheometery approaches like angle of repose (AOR), hausner's ratio (HR) and cares index (CI). Thermal analysis was conducted using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and thermal effusivity. The data suggested that the powder rheometer showed distinctive understanding in the flowability behavior of binary mixtures with addition of increasing proportion of API's than traditional approaches. Thermal approaches revealed the potential interaction of water of crystallization DCP-D with the API (APAP) while such interactions were absent in DCP-A, while in case of Lac-M and Lac-A, interaction with water of crystallization were not present. Binary mixtures prepared with DCP-D were better flowable while blends with DCP-A were better in stability (physical), compressibility and permeability. Similarly binary mixtures prepared with Lac-M were better flowable and stable in physical compatibility as compared to Lac-A. Lac-A were better in compressibility and permeability. Second part of these research included understanding the powder behavior from wet granulation point of view. Wet granulation includes the formation of agglomerates with powders to form granules in order to have better flowability, content uniformity and compressibility of granular mass. End point determination of powders involving change in powder energies and compressibility, permeability along with thermal analyses were conducted. The effects of water of crystallization on end point determination was studied and based on which overall effects on drug-excipient compatibility using different hydrate forms of excipients were evaluated.

At-line determination of pharmaceuticals small molecule's blending end point using chemometric modeling combined with Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tewari, Jagdish; Strong, Richard; Boulas, Pierre

2017-02-01

This article summarizes the development and validation of a Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR) method for the rapid at-line prediction of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in a powder blend to optimize small molecule formulations. The method was used to determine the blend uniformity end-point for a pharmaceutical solid dosage formulation containing a range of API concentrations. A set of calibration spectra from samples with concentrations ranging from 1% to 15% of API (w/w) were collected at-line from 4000 to 12,500 cm- 1. The ability of the FT-NIR method to predict API concentration in the blend samples was validated against a reference high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The prediction efficiency of four different types of multivariate data modeling methods such as partial least-squares 1 (PLS1), partial least-squares 2 (PLS2), principal component regression (PCR) and artificial neural network (ANN), were compared using relevant multivariate figures of merit. The prediction ability of the regression models were cross validated against results generated with the reference HPLC method. PLS1 and ANN showed excellent and superior prediction abilities when compared to PLS2 and PCR. Based upon these results and because of its decreased complexity compared to ANN, PLS1 was selected as the best chemometric method to predict blend uniformity at-line. The FT-NIR measurement and the associated chemometric analysis were implemented in the production environment for rapid at-line determination of the end-point of the small molecule blending operation. FIGURE 1: Correlation coefficient vs Rank plot FIGURE 2: FT-NIR spectra of different steps of Blend and final blend FIGURE 3: Predictions ability of PCR FIGURE 4: Blend uniformity predication ability of PLS2 FIGURE 5: Prediction efficiency of blend uniformity using ANN FIGURE 6: Comparison of prediction efficiency of chemometric models TABLE 1: Order of Addition for Blending Steps

Experimental Simulation-Based Performance Evaluation of an SMS-Based Emergency Geolocation Notification System

PubMed Central

Osebor, Isibor

2017-01-01

In an emergency, a prompt response can save the lives of victims. This statement generates an imperative issue in emergency medical services (EMS). Designing a system that brings simplicity in locating emergency scenes is a step towards improving response time. This paper therefore implemented and evaluated the performance of an SMS-based emergency geolocation notification system with emphasis on its SMS delivery time and the system's geolocation and dispatch time. Using the RAS metrics recommended by IEEE for evaluation, the designed system was found to be efficient and effective as its reliability stood within 62.7% to 70.0% while its availability stood at 99% with a downtime of 3.65 days/year. PMID:29065643

In Vivo Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Optimized Apidaecin Analogs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schmidt, Rico; Knappe, Daniel; Wende, Elisabeth; Ostorházi, Eszter; Hoffmann, Ralf

2017-03-01

Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) represent promising alternative therapeutic options for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. PrAMPs are predominantly active against Gram-negative bacteria by inhibiting protein expression via at least two different modes of action, i.e., blocking the ribosomal exit tunnel of 70S ribosomes (oncocin-type binding) or inhibiting the assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit (apidaecin-type binding). The in vivo efficacy and favorable biodistribution of oncocins confirmed the therapeutic potential of short PrAMPs for the first time, whereas the in vivo evaluation of apidaecins is still limited despite the promising efficacy of apidaecin-analog Api88 in an intraperitoneal murine infection model. Here, the in vivo efficacy of apidaecin-analog Api137 was studied, which rescued all NMRI mice from a lethal intraperitoneal infection with E. coli ATCC 25922 when administered three times intraperitoneal at doses of 0.6 mg/kg starting one hour after infection. When Api88 and Api137 were administered intravenous or intraperitoneal at doses of 5 and 20 mg/kg, their plasma levels were similarly low (<3 µg/mL) and fourfold lower than for oncocin-analog Onc72. This contradicted earlier expectation based on the very low serum stability of Api88 with a half-life time of only 5 min compared to 6 hrs and 3 hrs for Api137 and Onc72, respectively. Pharmacokinetic data relying on a sensitive mass spectrometry method utilizing multiple reaction monitoring and isotope-labeled peptides revealed that Api88 and Api137 were present in blood, urine, and kidney, and liver homogenates at similar levels accompanied by the same major metabolites comprising residues 1-16 and 1-17. The pretended discrepancy was solved, when all peptides were incubated in peritoneal lavage. Api137 was rapidly degraded at the C-terminus, while Api88 was rather stable despite releasing the same degradation products. Onc72 was very stable explaining its higher plasma levels compared to Api88 and Api137 after intraperitoneal administration illuminating its good in vivo efficacy. The data indicate that the degradation of therapeutic peptides should be studied in serum and further body fluids. Moreover, the high efficacy in murine infection models and the fast clearance of Api88 and Api137 within 60 min after intravenous and 90 min after intraperitoneal injections indicate that

Inertial/GPS Integrated Geolocation System for Detection and Recovery of Buried Munitions

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-01

notwithstanding any other provision of law , no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not...ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR( S ) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) Ohio State...University,154 W 12th Avenue,Columbus,OH,43210 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME( S ) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10

The E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP and FBXW7 cooperatively mediates GSK3-dependent Mcl-1 degradation induced by the Akt inhibitor API-1, resulting in apoptosis.

PubMed

Ren, Hui; Koo, Junghui; Guan, Baoxiang; Yue, Ping; Deng, Xingming; Chen, Mingwei; Khuri, Fadlo R; Sun, Shi-Yong

2013-11-22

The novel Akt inhibitor, API-1, induces apoptosis through undefined mechanisms. The current study focuses on revealing the mechanisms by which API-1 induces apoptosis. API-1 rapidly and potently reduced the levels of Mcl-1 primarily in API-1-senstive lung cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of Mcl-1 protected cells from induction of apoptosis by API-1. API-1 treatment decreased the half-life of Mcl-1, whereas inhibition of the proteasome with MG132 rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. API-1 decreased Mcl-1 levels accompanied with a rapid increase in Mcl-1 phosphorylation (S159/T163). Moreover, inhibition of GSK3 inhibited Mcl-1 phosphorylation and reduction induced by API-1 and antagonized the effect of API-1 on induction of apoptosis. Knockdown of either FBXW7 or β-TrCP alone, both of which are E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in Mcl-1 degradation, only partially rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. However, double knockdown of both E3 ubiquitin ligases enhanced the rescue of API-1-induced Mcl-1 reduction. API-1 induces GSK3-dependent, β-TrCP- and FBXW7-mediated Mcl-1 degradation, resulting in induction of apoptosis.

The E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP and FBXW7 cooperatively mediates GSK3-dependent Mcl-1 degradation induced by the Akt inhibitor API-1, resulting in apoptosis

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Background The novel Akt inhibitor, API-1, induces apoptosis through undefined mechanisms. The current study focuses on revealing the mechanisms by which API-1 induces apoptosis. Results API-1 rapidly and potently reduced the levels of Mcl-1 primarily in API-1-senstive lung cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of Mcl-1 protected cells from induction of apoptosis by API-1. API-1 treatment decreased the half-life of Mcl-1, whereas inhibition of the proteasome with MG132 rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. API-1 decreased Mcl-1 levels accompanied with a rapid increase in Mcl-1 phosphorylation (S159/T163). Moreover, inhibition of GSK3 inhibited Mcl-1 phosphorylation and reduction induced by API-1 and antagonized the effect of API-1 on induction of apoptosis. Knockdown of either FBXW7 or β-TrCP alone, both of which are E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in Mcl-1 degradation, only partially rescued Mcl-1 reduction induced by API-1. However, double knockdown of both E3 ubiquitin ligases enhanced the rescue of API-1-induced Mcl-1 reduction. Conclusions API-1 induces GSK3-dependent, β-TrCP- and FBXW7-mediated Mcl-1 degradation, resulting in induction of apoptosis. PMID:24261825

Direction Finding With Mutually Orthogonal Antennas

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-03-24

information of these waves must be estimated. The third step, referred to as geolocation , attempts to use the bearing information from step two...DF is distinct from, but related to, the geolocation problem. In DF we seek to answer, “where did that signal come from?” The geolocation problem...Sensor Technology Division) contracted a major aeronautical systems development company to research a DF and geolocation system for UAVs. The system

Assessing costs of carrying geolocators using feather corticosterone in two species of aerial insectivore

PubMed Central

Fairhurst, Graham D.; Berzins, Lisha L.; Bradley, David W.; Laughlin, Andrew J.; Romano, Andrea; Romano, Maria; Scandolara, Chiara; Ambrosini, Roberto; Dawson, Russell D.; Dunn, Peter O.; Hobson, Keith A.; Liechti, Felix; Marchant, Tracy A.; Norris, D. Ryan; Rubolini, Diego; Saino, Nicola; Taylor, Caz M.; Whittingham, Linda A.; Clark, Robert G.

2015-01-01

Despite benefits of using light-sensitive geolocators to track animal movements and describe patterns of migratory connectivity, concerns have been raised about negative effects of these devices, particularly in small species of aerial insectivore. Geolocators may act as handicaps that increase energetic expenditure, which could explain reported effects of geolocators on survival. We tested this ‘Energetic Expenditure Hypothesis’ in 12 populations of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) from North America and Europe, using measurements of corticosterone from feathers (CORTf) grown after deployment of geolocators as a measure of physiology relevant to energetics. Contrary to predictions, neither among- (both species) nor within-individual (tree swallows only) levels of CORTf differed with respect to instrumentation. Thus, to the extent that CORTf reflects energetic expenditure, geolocators apparently were not a strong handicap for birds that returned post-deployment. While this physiological evidence suggests that information about migration obtained from returning geolocator-equipped swallows is unbiased with regard to levels of stress, we cannot discount the possibility that corticosterone played a role in reported effects of geolocators on survival in birds, and suggest that future studies relate corticosterone to antecedent factors, such as reproductive history, and to downstream fitness costs. PMID:26064659

Lactobacillus panisapium sp. nov., from honeybee Apis cerana bee bread.

PubMed

Wang, Cong; Huang, Yan; Li, Li; Guo, Jun; Wu, Zhengyun; Deng, Yu; Dai, Lirong; Ma, Shichun

2018-03-01

A novel facultatively anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus, designated strain Bb 2-3 T , was isolated from bee bread of Apis cerana collected from a hive in Kunming, China. The strain was regular rod-shaped. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 6.5 with 5.0 g l -1 NaCl. The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0 and C19 : 0 iso. Respiratory quinones were not detected. Seven glycolipids, three lipids, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol were detected. The peptidoglycan type A4α l-Lys-d-Asp was determined. Strain Bb 2-3 T was closely related to Lactobacillus bombicola DSM 28793 T , Lactobacillus apis LMG 26964 T and Lactobacillus helsingborgensis DSM 26265 T , with 97.8, 97.6 and 97.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. A comparison of two housekeeping genes, rpoA and pheS, revealed that strain Bb 2-3 T was well separated from the reference strains of species of the genus Lactobacillus. The average nucleotide identity between strain Bb 2-3 T and the type strains of closely related species was lower than the 95-96 % threshold value for delineation of genomic prokaryotic species. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain Bb 2-3 T was 37.4 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain Bb 2-3 T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Lactobacillus, for which we propose the name Lactobacillus panisapium sp. nov. The type strain is Bb 2-3 T (=DSM 102188 T =ACCC 19955 T ).

New Mexico Play Fairway Analysis: Gamma Ray Logs and Heat Generation Calculations for SW New Mexico

DOE Data Explorer

Shari Kelley

2015-10-23

For the New Mexico Play fairway Analysis project, gamma ray geophysical well logs from oil wells penetrating the Proterozoic basement in southwestern New Mexico were digitized. Only the portion of the log in the basement was digitized. The gamma ray logs are converted to heat production using the equation (Bucker and Rybach, 1996) : A[µW/m3] = 0.0158 (Gamma Ray [API] – 0.8).

Theoretical Bound of CRLB for Energy Efficient Technique of RSS-Based Factor Graph Geolocation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kahar Aziz, Muhammad Reza; Heriansyah; Saputra, EfaMaydhona; Musa, Ardiansyah

2018-03-01

To support the increase of wireless geolocation development as the key of the technology in the future, this paper proposes theoretical bound derivation, i.e., Cramer Rao lower bound (CRLB) for energy efficient of received signal strength (RSS)-based factor graph wireless geolocation technique. The theoretical bound derivation is crucially important to evaluate whether the energy efficient technique of RSS-based factor graph wireless geolocation is effective as well as to open the opportunity to further innovation of the technique. The CRLB is derived in this paper by using the Fisher information matrix (FIM) of the main formula of the RSS-based factor graph geolocation technique, which is lied on the Jacobian matrix. The simulation result shows that the derived CRLB has the highest accuracy as a bound shown by its lowest root mean squared error (RMSE) curve compared to the RMSE curve of the RSS-based factor graph geolocation technique. Hence, the derived CRLB becomes the lower bound for the efficient technique of RSS-based factor graph wireless geolocation.

Sensitization Prevalence, Antibody Cross-Reactivity and Immunogenic Peptide Profile of Api g 2, the Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein 1 of Celery

PubMed Central

Gadermaier, Gabriele; Hauser, Michael; Egger, Matthias; Ferrara, Rosetta; Briza, Peter; Souza Santos, Keity; Zennaro, Danila; Girbl, Tamara; Zuidmeer-Jongejan, Laurian; Mari, Adriano; Ferreira, Fatima

2011-01-01

Background Celery (Apium graveolens) represents a relevant allergen source that can elicit severe reactions in the adult population. To investigate the sensitization prevalence and cross-reactivity of Api g 2 from celery stalks in a Mediterranean population and in a mouse model. Methodology 786 non-randomized subjects from Italy were screened for IgE reactivity to rApi g 2, rArt v 3 (mugwort pollen LTP) and nPru p 3 (peach LTP) using an allergen microarray. Clinical data of 32 selected patients with reactivity to LTP under investigation were evaluated. Specific IgE titers and cross-inhibitions were performed in ELISA and allergen microarray. Balb/c mice were immunized with purified LTPs; IgG titers were determined in ELISA and mediator release was examined using RBL-2H3 cells. Simulated endolysosomal digestion was performed using microsomes obtained from human DCs. Results IgE testing showed a sensitization prevalence of 25.6% to Api g 2, 18.6% to Art v 3, and 28.6% to Pru p 3 and frequent co-sensitization and correlating IgE-reactivity was observed. 10/32 patients suffering from LTP-related allergy reported symptoms upon consumption of celery stalks which mainly presented as OAS. Considerable IgE cross-reactivity was observed between Api g 2, Art v 3, and Pru p 3 with varying inhibition degrees of individual patients' sera. Simulating LTP mono-sensitization in a mouse model showed development of more congruent antibody specificities between Api g 2 and Art v 3. Notably, biologically relevant murine IgE cross-reactivity was restricted to the latter and diverse from Pru p 3 epitopes. Endolysosomal processing of LTP showed generation of similar clusters, which presumably represent T-cell peptides. Conclusions Api g 2 represents a relevant celery stalk allergen in the LTP-sensitized population. The molecule displays common B cell epitopes and endolysosomal peptides that encompass T cell epitopes with pollen and plant-food derived LTP. PMID:21897872

An Improved Method of AGM for High Precision Geolocation of SAR Images

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, G.; He, C.; Yue, T.; Huang, W.; Huang, Y.; Li, X.; Chen, Y.

2018-05-01

In order to take full advantage of SAR images, it is necessary to obtain the high precision location of the image. During the geometric correction process of images, to ensure the accuracy of image geometric correction and extract the effective mapping information from the images, precise image geolocation is important. This paper presents an improved analytical geolocation method (IAGM) that determine the high precision geolocation of each pixel in a digital SAR image. This method is based on analytical geolocation method (AGM) proposed by X. K. Yuan aiming at realizing the solution of RD model. Tests will be conducted using RADARSAT-2 SAR image. Comparing the predicted feature geolocation with the position as determined by high precision orthophoto, results indicate an accuracy of 50m is attainable with this method. Error sources will be analyzed and some recommendations about improving image location accuracy in future spaceborne SAR's will be given.

Building a Secure and Feature-rich Mobile Mapping Service App Using HTML5: Challenges and Best Practices

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Karthik, Rajasekar; Patlolla, Dilip Reddy; Sorokine, Alexandre

Managing a wide variety of mobile devices across multiple mobile operating systems is a security challenge for any organization [1, 2]. With the wide adoption of mobile devices to access work-related apps, there is an increase in third-party apps that might either misuse or improperly handle user s personal or sensitive data [3]. HTML5 has been receiving wide attention for developing cross-platform mobile apps. According to International Data Corporation (IDC), by 2015, 80% of all mobile apps will be based in part or wholly upon HTML5 [4]. Though HTML5 provides a rich set of features for building an app, itmore » is a challenge for organizations to deploy and manage HTML5 apps on wide variety of devices while keeping security policies intact. In this paper, we will describe an upcoming secure mobile environment for HTML5 apps, called Sencha Space that addresses these issues and discuss how it will be used to design and build a secure and cross-platform mobile mapping service app. We will also describe how HTML5 and a new set of related technologies such as Geolocation API, WebGL, Open Layers 3, and Local Storage, can be used to provide a high end and high performance experience for users of the mapping service app.« less

A program to generate a Fortran interface for a C++ library

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Taylor, Lee

Shroud is a utility to create a Fortran and C interface for a C++ library. An existing C++ library API is described in an input file. Shroud reads the file and creates source files which can be compiled to provide a Fortran API for the library.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-tumoral Effects of the Flavonoid Apigenin in Malignant Mesothelioma

PubMed Central

Masuelli, Laura; Benvenuto, Monica; Mattera, Rosanna; Di Stefano, Enrica; Zago, Erika; Taffera, Gloria; Tresoldi, Ilaria; Giganti, Maria Gabriella; Frajese, Giovanni Vanni; Berardi, Ginevra; Modesti, Andrea; Bei, Roberto

2017-01-01

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a tumor arising from mesothelium. MM patients’ survival is poor. The polyphenol 4′,5,7,-trihydroxyflavone Apigenin (API) is a “multifunctional drug”. Several studies have demonstrated API anti-tumoral effects. However, little is known on the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumoral effects of API in MM. Thus, we analyzed the in vitro effects of API on cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, pro-survival signaling pathways, apoptosis, and autophagy of human and mouse MM cells. We evaluated the in vivo anti-tumor activities of API in mice transplanted with MM #40a cells forming ascites. API inhibited in vitro MM cells survival, increased reactive oxygen species intracellular production and induced DNA damage. API activated apoptosis but not autophagy. API-induced apoptosis was sustained by the increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, increase of p53 expression, activation of both caspase 9 and caspase 8, cleavage of PARP-1, and increase of the percentage of cells in subG1 phase. API treatment affected the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPKs in a cell-type specific manner, inhibited AKT phosphorylation, decreased c-Jun expression and phosphorylation, and inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation. Intraperitoneal administration of API increased the median survival of C57BL/6 mice intraperitoneally transplanted with #40a cells and reduced the risk of tumor growth. Our findings may have important implications for the design of MM treatment using API. PMID:28674496

Ground target geolocation based on digital elevation model for airborne wide-area reconnaissance system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qiao, Chuan; Ding, Yalin; Xu, Yongsen; Xiu, Jihong

2018-01-01

To obtain the geographical position of the ground target accurately, a geolocation algorithm based on the digital elevation model (DEM) is developed for an airborne wide-area reconnaissance system. According to the platform position and attitude information measured by the airborne position and orientation system and the gimbal angles information from the encoder, the line-of-sight pointing vector in the Earth-centered Earth-fixed coordinate frame is solved by the homogeneous coordinate transformation. The target longitude and latitude can be solved with the elliptical Earth model and the global DEM. The influences of the systematic error and measurement error on ground target geolocation calculation accuracy are analyzed by the Monte Carlo method. The simulation results show that this algorithm can improve the geolocation accuracy of ground target in rough terrain area obviously. The geolocation accuracy of moving ground target can be improved by moving average filtering (MAF). The validity of the geolocation algorithm is verified by the flight test in which the plane flies at a geodetic height of 15,000 m and the outer gimbal angle is <47°. The geolocation root mean square error of the target trajectory is <45 and <7 m after MAF.

Genetics Home Reference: McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome

MedlinePlus

... W, Watt JM, Corbett AJ, Hamdalla HH, Marshall AG, Sutton I, Dotti MT, Malandrini A, Walker RH, ... qualified healthcare professional . About Selection Criteria for Links Data Files & API Site Map Subscribe Customer Support USA. ...

Comparison of Three Commercial Systems for Identification of Yeasts Commonly Isolated in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory

PubMed Central

Wadlin, Jill K.; Hanko, Gayle; Stewart, Rebecca; Pape, John; Nachamkin, Irving

1999-01-01

We evaluated three commercial systems (RapID Yeast Plus System; Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Norcross, Ga.; API 20C Aux; bioMerieux-Vitek, Hazelwood, Mo.; and Vitek Yeast Biochemical Card, bioMerieux-Vitek) against an auxinographic and microscopic morphologic reference method for the ability to identify yeasts commonly isolated in our clinical microbiology laboratory. Two-hundred one yeast isolates were compared in the study. The RapID Yeast Plus System was significantly better than either API 20C Aux (193 versus 167 correct identifications; P < 0.0001) or the Vitek Yeast Biochemical Card (193 versus 173 correct identifications; P = 0.003) for obtaining correct identifications to the species level without additional testing. There was no significant difference between results obtained with API 20C Aux and the Vitek Yeast Biochemical Card system (P = 0.39). The API 20C Aux system did not correctly identify any of the Candida krusei isolates (n = 23) without supplemental testing and accounted for the major differences between the API 20C Aux and RapID Yeast Plus systems. Overall, the RapID Yeast Plus System was easy to use and is a good system for the routine identification of clinically relevant yeasts. PMID:10325356

Semantic Image Based Geolocation Given a Map (Author’s Initial Manuscript)

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-09-01

novel technique for detection and identification of building facades from geo-tagged reference view using the map and geometry of the building facades. We...2D map of the environment, and geometry of building facades. We evaluate our approach for building identification and geo-localization on a new...location recognition and building identification is done by matching the query view to a reference set, followed by estimation of 3D building facades

Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion Behavior of API X120 Pipeline Steel in H2S Environment

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Okonkwo, Paul C.; Sliem, Mostafa H.; Shakoor, R. A.; Mohamed, A. M. A.; Abdullah, Aboubakr M.

2017-08-01

The corrosion behavior of newly developed API X120 C-steel that is commenced to be used for oil pipelines was studied in a H2S saturated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution between 20 and 60 °C using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The corrosion products formed on the surface of the alloy were characterized using x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It has been noticed that the formation of corrosion product layer takes place at both lower and higher temperatures which is mainly comprised of iron oxides and sulfides. The electrochemical results confirmed that the corrosion rate decreases with increasing temperature up to 60 °C. This decrease in corrosion rate with increasing temperature can be attributed to the formation of a protective layer of mackinawite layer. However, cracking in the formed mackinawite layer may not be responsible for the increase in the corrosion rate. More specifically, developed pourbaix diagrams at different temperatures showed that the formed protective layer belongs to mackinawite (FeS), a group of classified polymorphous iron sulfide, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. It is also noticed that the thickness of corrosion products layer increases significantly with decrease in the corrosion rate of API X120 steel exposed to H2S environment. These findings indicate that API X120 C-steel is susceptible to sour corrosion under the above stated experimental conditions.

47 CFR 15.711 - Interference avoidance methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... channel availability for a TVBD is determined based on the geo-location and database access method described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Geo-location and database access. A TVBD shall rely on the geo-location and database access mechanism to identify available television channels...

47 CFR 15.711 - Interference avoidance methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... channel availability for a TVBD is determined based on the geo-location and database access method described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Geo-location and database access. A TVBD shall rely on the geo-location and database access mechanism to identify available television channels...

47 CFR 15.711 - Interference avoidance methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... channel availability for a TVBD is determined based on the geo-location and database access method described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Geo-location and database access. A TVBD shall rely on the geo-location and database access mechanism to identify available television channels...

47 CFR 15.711 - Interference avoidance methods.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... channel availability for a TVBD is determined based on the geo-location and database access method described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) Geo-location and database access. A TVBD shall rely on the geo-location and database access mechanism to identify available television channels...

Gps-Denied Geo-Localisation Using Visual Odometry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Ashish; Chang, Huan; Yilmaz, Alper

2016-06-01

The primary method for geo-localization is based on GPS which has issues of localization accuracy, power consumption, and unavailability. This paper proposes a novel approach to geo-localization in a GPS-denied environment for a mobile platform. Our approach has two principal components: public domain transport network data available in GIS databases or OpenStreetMap; and a trajectory of a mobile platform. This trajectory is estimated using visual odometry and 3D view geometry. The transport map information is abstracted as a graph data structure, where various types of roads are modelled as graph edges and typically intersections are modelled as graph nodes. A search for the trajectory in real time in the graph yields the geo-location of the mobile platform. Our approach uses a simple visual sensor and it has a low memory and computational footprint. In this paper, we demonstrate our method for trajectory estimation and provide examples of geolocalization using public-domain map data. With the rapid proliferation of visual sensors as part of automated driving technology and continuous growth in public domain map data, our approach has the potential to completely augment, or even supplant, GPS based navigation since it functions in all environments.

47 CFR 15.703 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... channels on which the Mode I device, but not the fixed device, may operate. (d) Geo-location capability.../portable device. A personal/portable TVBD that does not use an internal geo-location capability and access.../portable device. A personal/portable TVBD that uses an internal geo-location capability and access to a TV...

Binary polymorphic cocrystals: an update on the available literature in the Cambridge Structural Database, including a new polymorph of the pharmaceutical 1:1 cocrystal theophylline-3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

PubMed

Mnguni, Malitsatsi J; Michael, Joseph P; Lemmerer, Andreas

2018-06-01

An analysis and classification of the 2925 neutral binary organic cocrystals in the Cambridge Structural Database is reported, focusing specifically on those both showing polymorphism and containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The search was confined to molecules having only C, H, N, O, S and halogens atoms. It was found that 400 out of 2925 cocrystals can be classified as pharmaceutical cocrystals, containing at least one API, and that of those, 56 can be classified as being polymorphic cocrystals. In general, the total number of polymorphic cocrystal systems of any type stands at 125. In addition, a new polymorph of the pharmaceutical cocrystal theophylline-3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1/1), C 7 H 8 N 4 O 2 ·C 7 H 6 O 4 , is reported.

DARMA v. Beta 0.5

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hollman, David; Lifflander, Jonathon; Wilke, Jeremiah

2017-03-14

DARMA is a portability layer for asynchronous many-task (AMT) runtime systems. AMT runtime systems show promise to mitigate challenges imposed by next generation high performance computing architectures. However, current runtime system technologies are not production-ready. DARMA is a portability layer that seeks to insulate application developers from idiosyncrasies of individual runtime systems, thereby facilitating application-developer use of these technologies. DARMA comprises a frontend application programming interface (API) for application developers, a backend API for runtime system developers, and a translation that translates frontend API calls into backend API calls. Application developers use C++ abstractions to annotate both data and tasksmore » in their code. The DARMA translation layer uses C++ template metaprogramming to capture data-task dependencies, and provides this information to a potential backend runtime system via a series of backend API calls.« less

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for rapid detection and differentiation of Nosema apis and N. ceranae in honeybees.

PubMed

Ptaszyńska, Aneta A; Borsuk, Grzegorz; Woźniakowski, Grzegorz; Gnat, Sebastian; Małek, Wanda

2014-08-01

Nosemosis is a contagious disease of honeybees (Apis mellifera) manifested by increased winter mortality, poor spring build-up and even the total extinction of infected bee colonies. In this paper, loop-mediated isothermal amplifications (LAMP) were used for the first time to identify and differentiate N. apis and N. ceranae, the causative agents of nosemosis. LAMP assays were performed at a constant temperature of 60 °C using two sets of six species-specific primers, recognising eight distinct fragments of 16S rDNA gene and GspSSD polymerase with strand displacement activity. The optimal time for LAMP and its Nosema species sensitivity and specificity were assessed. LAMP only required 30 min for robust identification of the amplicons. Ten-fold serial dilutions of total DNA isolated from bees infected with microsporidia were used to determine the detection limit of N. apis and N. ceranae DNAs by LAMP and standard PCR assays. LAMP appeared to be 10(3) -fold more sensitive than a standard PCR in detecting N. apis and N. ceranae. LAMP methods developed by us are highly Nosema species specific and allow to identify and differentiate N. apis and N. ceranae. © 2014 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.

A Learning-Based Approach for IP Geolocation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Eriksson, Brian; Barford, Paul; Sommers, Joel; Nowak, Robert

The ability to pinpoint the geographic location of IP hosts is compelling for applications such as on-line advertising and network attack diagnosis. While prior methods can accurately identify the location of hosts in some regions of the Internet, they produce erroneous results when the delay or topology measurement on which they are based is limited. The hypothesis of our work is that the accuracy of IP geolocation can be improved through the creation of a flexible analytic framework that accommodates different types of geolocation information. In this paper, we describe a new framework for IP geolocation that reduces to a machine-learning classification problem. Our methodology considers a set of lightweight measurements from a set of known monitors to a target, and then classifies the location of that target based on the most probable geographic region given probability densities learned from a training set. For this study, we employ a Naive Bayes framework that has low computational complexity and enables additional environmental information to be easily added to enhance the classification process. To demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of our approach, we test IP geolocation on over 16,000 routers given ping measurements from 78 monitors with known geographic placement. Our results show that the simple application of our method improves geolocation accuracy for over 96% of the nodes identified in our data set, with on average accuracy 70 miles closer to the true geographic location versus prior constraint-based geolocation. These results highlight the promise of our method and indicate how future expansion of the classifier can lead to further improvements in geolocation accuracy.

Surface acidity and solid-state compatibility of excipients with an acid-sensitive API: case study of atorvastatin calcium.

PubMed

Govindarajan, Ramprakash; Landis, Margaret; Hancock, Bruno; Gatlin, Larry A; Suryanarayanan, Raj; Shalaev, Evgenyi Y

2015-04-01

The objectives of this study were to measure the apparent surface acidity of common excipients and to correlate the acidity with the chemical stability of an acid-sensitive active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in binary API-excipient powder mixtures. The acidity of 26 solid excipients was determined by two methods, (i) by measuring the pH of their suspensions or solutions and (ii) the pH equivalent (pHeq) measured via ionization of probe molecules deposited on the surface of the excipients. The chemical stability of an API, atorvastatin calcium (AC), in mixtures with the excipients was evaluated by monitoring the appearance of an acid-induced degradant, atorvastatin lactone, under accelerated storage conditions. The extent of lactone formation in AC-excipient mixtures was presented as a function of either solution/suspension pH or pHeq. No lactone formation was observed in mixtures with excipients having pHeq > 6, while the lactone levels were pronounced (> 0.6% after 6 weeks at 50°C/20% RH) with excipients exhibiting pHeq < 3. The three pHeq regions (> 6, 3-6, and < 3) were consistent with the reported solution pH-stability profile of AC. In contrast to the pHeq scale, lactone formation did not show any clear trend when plotted as a function of the suspension/solution pH. Two mechanisms to explain the discrepancy between the suspension/solution pH and the chemical stability data were discussed. Acidic excipients, which are expected to be incompatible with an acid-sensitive API, were identified based on pHeq measurements. The incompatibility prediction was confirmed in the chemical stability tests using AC as an example of an acid-sensitive API.

Mapping the Whole Internet

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-05-01

developed techniques for building better IP geolocation systems. Geolocation has many applications, such as presenting advertisements for local business ...presenting advertisements for local business establishments on web pages to debugging network performance issues to attributing attack traffic to...Pennsylvania.” Geolocation has many applications, such as presenting advertisements for local business establishments on web pages to debugging network

30 CFR 250.1630 - Safety-system testing and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... conditions warrant. Testing must be in accordance with API RP 14C, Appendix D (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198). For safety system devices other than those listed in API RP 14C, Appendix D, you must...

30 CFR 250.1630 - Safety-system testing and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... conditions warrant. Testing must be in accordance with API RP 14C, Appendix D (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198). For safety system devices other than those listed in API RP 14C, Appendix D, you must...

30 CFR 250.1630 - Safety-system testing and records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... conditions warrant. Testing must be in accordance with API RP 14C, Appendix D (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198). For safety system devices other than those listed in API RP 14C, Appendix D, you must...

Development and validation of an LC-UV method for the quantification and purity determination of the novel anticancer agent C1311 and its pharmaceutical dosage form.

PubMed

den Brok, Monique W J; Nuijen, Bastiaan; Hillebrand, Michel J X; Grieshaber, Charles K; Harvey, Michael D; Beijnen, Jos H

2005-09-01

C1311 (5-[[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]amino]-8-hydroxyimidazo [4,5,1-de]-acridin-6-one-dihydrochloride trihydrate) is the lead compound from the group of imidazoacridinones, a novel group of rationally designed anticancer agents. The pharmaceutical development of C1311 necessitated the availability of an assay for the quantification and purity determination of C1311 active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and its pharmaceutical dosage form. A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method (RP-LC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed, consisting of separation on a C18 column with phosphate buffer (60 mM; pH 3 with 1 M citric acid)-acetonitrile-triethylamine (83:17:0.05, v/v/v) as the mobile phase and UV-detection at 280 nm. The method was found to be linear over a concentration range of 2.50-100 microg/mL, precise and accurate. Accelerated stress testing showed degradation products, which were well separated from the parent compound, confirming its stability-indicating capacity. Moreover, the use of LC-MS and on-line photo diode array detection enabled us to propose structures for four degradation products. Two of these products were also found as impurities in the API and more abundantly in an impure lot of API.

30 CFR 250.114 - How must I install and operate electrical equipment?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

.... (a) You must classify all areas according to API RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classification of... Division 2, or API RP 505, Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical... and hazards of electrical equipment. (c) You must install all electrical systems according to API RP...

Understanding API-polymer proximities in amorphous stabilized composite drug products using fluorine-carbon 2D HETCOR solid-state NMR.

PubMed

Abraham, Anuji; Crull, George

2014-10-06

A simple and robust method for obtaining fluorine-carbon proximities was established using a (19)F-(13)C heteronuclear correlation (HETCOR) two-dimensional (2D) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) experiment under magic-angle spinning (MAS). The method was applied to study a crystalline active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), avagacestat, containing two types of fluorine atoms and its API-polymer composite drug product. These results provide insight into the molecular structure, aid with assigning the carbon resonances, and probe API-polymer proximities in amorphous spray dried dispersions (SDD). This method has an advantage over the commonly used (1)H-(13)C HETCOR because of the large chemical shift dispersion in the fluorine dimension. In the present study, fluorine-carbon distances up to 8 Å were probed, giving insight into the API structure, crystal packing, and assignments. Most importantly, the study demonstrates a method for probing an intimate molecular level contact between an amorphous API and a polymer in an SDD, giving insights into molecular association and understanding of the role of the polymer in API stability (such as recrystallization, degradation, etc.) in such novel composite drug products.

Engineered particles demonstrate improved flow properties at elevated drug loadings for direct compression manufacturing.

PubMed

Trementozzi, Andrea N; Leung, Cheuk-Yui; Osei-Yeboah, Frederick; Irdam, Erwin; Lin, Yiqing; MacPhee, J Michael; Boulas, Pierre; Karki, Shyam B; Zawaneh, Peter N

2017-05-15

Optimizing powder flow and compaction properties are critical for ensuring a robust tablet manufacturing process. The impact of flow and compaction properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) becomes progressively significant for higher drug load formulations, and for scaling up manufacturing processes. This study demonstrated that flow properties of a powder blend can be improved through API particle engineering, without critically impacting blend tabletability at elevated drug loadings. In studying a jet milled API (D 50 =24μm) and particle engineered wet milled API (D 50 =70μm and 90μm), flow functions of all API lots were similarly poor despite the vast difference in average particle size (ff c <4). This finding strays from the common notion that powder flow properties are directly correlated to particle size distribution. Upon adding excipients, however, clear trends in flow functions based on API particle size were observed. Wet milled API blends had a much improved flow function (ff c >10) compared with the jet milled API blends. Investigation of the compaction properties of both wet and jet milled powder blends also revealed that both jet and wet milled material produced robust tablets at the drug loadings used. The ability to practically demonstrate this uncommon observation that similarly poor flowing APIs can lead to a marked difference upon blending is important for pharmaceutical development. It is especially important in early phase development during API selection, and is advantageous particularly when material-sparing techniques are utilized. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effects of C and Si on strain aging of strain-based API X60 pipeline steels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sung, Hyo Kyung; Lee, Dong Ho; Lee, Sunghak; Lee, Byeong-Joo; Hong, Seung-Pyo; Kim, Young-Woon; Yoo, Jang Yong; Hwang, Byoungchul; Shin, Sang Yong

2017-05-01

Four types of strain-based API X60 pipeline steels were fabricated by varying the C and Si contents, and the effects of C and Si on strain aging were investigated. The 0.05 wt% C steels consisted mainly of polygonal ferrite (PF), whereas the 0.08 wt% C steels consisted of acicular ferrite (AF). The volume fraction of AF increased with increasing C content because C is an austenite stabilizer element. The volume fractions of bainitic ferrite (BF) of the 0.15 wt% Si steels were higher than those of the 0.25 wt% Si steels, whereas the volume fractions of the secondary phases were lower. From the tensile properties before and after the aging process of the strainbased API X60 pipeline steels, the yield strength increased and the uniform and total elongation decreased, which is the strain aging effect. The strain aging effect in the strain-based API X60 pipeline steels was minimized when the volume fraction of AF was increased and secondary phases were distributed uniformly. On the other hand, an excessively high C content formed fine precipitates, and the strain aging effect occurred because of the interactions among dislocations and fine precipitates.

Response to Lisovski et al.

USGS Publications Warehouse

Streby, Henry M.; Kramer, Gunnar R.; Peterson, Sean M.; Lehman, Justin A.; Buehler, David A.; Andersen, David

2018-01-01

Lisovski et al. [1] describe the widely recognized limitations of light-level geolocator data for identifying short-distance latitudinal movements, recommend that caution be used when interpreting such data, intimated that we did not use such caution and argued that environmental shading likely explained the Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) movements described in our 2015 report [2] . Lisovski et al. [1] conclude that the bird movements we reported could not be disentangled from estimation error in stationary animals caused by environmental shading. We argue that, to the contrary, these hypotheses can easily be disentangled because the premise that environmental shading caused synchronous and parallel error among geolocators is false. With their assertion that our location estimates could be biased by >3,500 km on a day with no observable local sources of shading, Lisovski et al. [1] have taken a position of incredulity toward all geolocator-based animal movement data published to date.

ZY3-02 Laser Altimeter Footprint Geolocation Prediction

PubMed Central

Xie, Junfeng; Tang, Xinming; Mo, Fan; Li, Guoyuan; Zhu, Guangbin; Wang, Zhenming; Fu, Xingke; Gao, Xiaoming; Dou, Xianhui

2017-01-01

Successfully launched on 30 May 2016, ZY3-02 is the first Chinese surveying and mapping satellite equipped with a lightweight laser altimeter. Calibration is necessary before the laser altimeter becomes operational. Laser footprint location prediction is the first step in calibration that is based on ground infrared detectors, and it is difficult because the sample frequency of the ZY3-02 laser altimeter is 2 Hz, and the distance between two adjacent laser footprints is about 3.5 km. In this paper, we build an on-orbit rigorous geometric prediction model referenced to the rigorous geometric model of optical remote sensing satellites. The model includes three kinds of data that must be predicted: pointing angle, orbit parameters, and attitude angles. The proposed method is verified by a ZY3-02 laser altimeter on-orbit geometric calibration test. Five laser footprint prediction experiments are conducted based on the model, and the laser footprint prediction accuracy is better than 150 m on the ground. The effectiveness and accuracy of the on-orbit rigorous geometric prediction model are confirmed by the test results. The geolocation is predicted precisely by the proposed method, and this will give a reference to the geolocation prediction of future land laser detectors in other laser altimeter calibration test. PMID:28934160

ZY3-02 Laser Altimeter Footprint Geolocation Prediction.

PubMed

Xie, Junfeng; Tang, Xinming; Mo, Fan; Li, Guoyuan; Zhu, Guangbin; Wang, Zhenming; Fu, Xingke; Gao, Xiaoming; Dou, Xianhui

2017-09-21

Successfully launched on 30 May 2016, ZY3-02 is the first Chinese surveying and mapping satellite equipped with a lightweight laser altimeter. Calibration is necessary before the laser altimeter becomes operational. Laser footprint location prediction is the first step in calibration that is based on ground infrared detectors, and it is difficult because the sample frequency of the ZY3-02 laser altimeter is 2 Hz, and the distance between two adjacent laser footprints is about 3.5 km. In this paper, we build an on-orbit rigorous geometric prediction model referenced to the rigorous geometric model of optical remote sensing satellites. The model includes three kinds of data that must be predicted: pointing angle, orbit parameters, and attitude angles. The proposed method is verified by a ZY3-02 laser altimeter on-orbit geometric calibration test. Five laser footprint prediction experiments are conducted based on the model, and the laser footprint prediction accuracy is better than 150 m on the ground. The effectiveness and accuracy of the on-orbit rigorous geometric prediction model are confirmed by the test results. The geolocation is predicted precisely by the proposed method, and this will give a reference to the geolocation prediction of future land laser detectors in other laser altimeter calibration test.

Raman spectroscopy as a PAT for pharmaceutical blending: Advantages and disadvantages.

PubMed

Riolo, Daniela; Piazza, Alessandro; Cottini, Ciro; Serafini, Margherita; Lutero, Emilio; Cuoghi, Erika; Gasparini, Lorena; Botturi, Debora; Marino, Iari Gabriel; Aliatis, Irene; Bersani, Danilo; Lottici, Pier Paolo

2018-02-05

Raman spectroscopy has been positively evaluated as a tool for the in-line and real-time monitoring of powder blending processes and it has been proved to be effective in the determination of the endpoint of the mixing, showing its potential role as process analytical technology (PAT). The aim of this study is to show advantages and disadvantages of Raman spectroscopy with respect to the most traditional HPLC analysis. The spectroscopic results, obtained directly on raw powders, sampled from a two-axis blender in real case conditions, were compared with the chromatographic data obtained on the same samples. The formulation blend used for the experiment consists of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API, concentrations 6.0% and 0.5%), lactose and magnesium stearate (as excipients). The first step of the monitoring process was selecting the appropriate wavenumber region where the Raman signal of API is maximal and interference from the spectral features of excipients is minimal. Blend profiles were created by plotting the area ratios of the Raman peak of API (A API ) at 1598cm -1 and the Raman bands of excipients (A EXC ), in the spectral range between 1560 and 1630cm -1 , as a function of mixing time: the API content can be considered homogeneous when the time-dependent dispersion of the area ratio is minimized. In order to achieve a representative sampling with Raman spectroscopy, each sample was mapped in a motorized XY stage by a defocused laser beam of a micro-Raman apparatus. Good correlation between the two techniques has been found only for the composition at 6.0% (w/w). However, standard deviation analysis, applied to both HPLC and Raman data, showed that Raman results are more substantial than HPLC ones, since Raman spectroscopy enables generating data rich blend profiles. In addition, the relative standard deviation calculated from a single map (30 points) turned out to be representative of the degree of homogeneity for that blend time. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

75 FR 10026 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Forms W-2, W-2c, W-2AS, W-2GU, W-2VI, W-3, W-3c, W-3cPR...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-04

... Wage and Tax Statements), W-3PR (Informe de Comprobantes de Retencion), W-3cPR (Transmission de Comprobantes de Retencion Corregidos), and W-3SS (transmittal of Wage and Tax Staements). OMB Number: 1545-0008... Actions: There are no changes being made to the form at this time. Type of Review: Extension of a...

Enhancing the Classification Accuracy of IP Geolocation

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-10-01

accurately identify the geographic location of Internet devices has signficant implications for online- advertisers, application developers , network...Real Media, Comedy Central, Netflix and Spotify) and target advertising (e.g., Google). More re- cently, IP geolocation techniques have been deployed...distance to delay function and how they triangulate the position of the target. Statistical Geolocation [14] develops a joint probability density

A family of silver(I) complexes built with 2-sulfoterephthalic acid monosodium salt and different aminopyridine ligands: Syntheses, structures and properties

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Jie; Tan, Gai-Xiu; Liu, Bao-Lin; Dai, Yu-Bei; Xu, Na; Wen, Wei-Fen; Cao, Chong; Xiao, Hong-Ping

2017-05-01

Five Ag(I) coordination complexes, namely, [Ag6(2-stp)2(3-methyl-2-apy)3·H2O]n (1), [Ag3(2-stp)(4-methyl-2-apy)3]n (2), [Na2Ag18(2-stp)4(2-Hstp)4(5-methyl-2-apy)16 (H2O)4·11H2O]n (3), Ag3(2-stp)(6-methy-2-apy)4·H2O (4), and [Ag6(2-stp)2(6-methyl-2-apy)8(H2O)2·H2O]n (5) (2-NaH2stp = 2-sulfoterephthalic acid monosodium salt, 3-methyl-2-apy = 3-methyl-2-aminopyridine, 4-methyl-2-apy = 4-methyl-2-aminopyridine, 5-methyl-2-apy = 5-methyl-2-aminopyridine, 6-methyl-2-apy = 6-methyl-2-aminopyridine), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Complexes 1 and 2 show two-dimensional network. In complex 3, the adjacent Ag10 units are bridged by 5-methyl-2-apy ligands to form a 2D infinite undulated sheet. Adjacent 2D sheets are linked by coordinative bonds between carboxylic oxygen atoms and Na(I) ions to form a 3D coordination polymer. Complex 4 is a 0-D discrete trinuclear molecule, and the self-complementary the Osbnd H⋯O and Nsbnd H⋯O hydrogen bonds incorporating hydrogen bond motifs extend these molecules into a 2D supramolecular framework. Compound 5 exhibits 1D-chain structure. However, complex 5 shows 3D supramolecular structure results from the linkage of neighboring layers through a rich hydrogen-bonding between uncoordinated sulfonates, amino groups and coordinated carboxylates. The thermogravimetric analyses and photoluminescence of the complexes were also investigated.

Heat-balling wasps by honeybees

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ken, Tan; Hepburn, H. R.; Radloff, S. E.; Yusheng, Yu; Yiqiu, Liu; Danyin, Zhou; Neumann, P.

2005-10-01

Defensiveness of honeybee colonies of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera (actively balling the wasps but reduction of foraging) against predatory wasps, Vespa velutina, and false wasps was assessed. There were significantly more worker bees in balls of the former than latter. Core temperatures in a ball around a live wasp of A. cerana were significantly higher than those of A. mellifera, and also significantly more when exposed to false wasps. Core temperatures of bee balls exposed to false wasps were significantly lower than those exposed to V. velutina for both A. cerana and for A. mellifera. The lethal thermal limits for V. velutina, A. cerana and A. mellifera were significantly different, so that both species of honeybees have a thermal safety factor in heat-killing such wasp predators. During wasps attacks at the hives measured at 3, 6 and 12 min, the numbers of Apis cerana cerana and Apis cerana indica bees continuing to forage were significantly reduced with increased wasp attack time. Tropical lowland A. c. indica reduced foraging rates significantly more than the highland A. c. cerana bees; but, there was no significant effect on foraging by A. mellifera. The latency to recovery of honeybee foraging was significantly greater the longer the duration of wasp attacks. The results show remarkable thermal fine-tuning in a co-evolving predator prey relationship.

Sodium alginate: A promising biopolymer for corrosion protection of API X60 high strength carbon steel in saline medium.

PubMed

Obot, I B; Onyeachu, Ikenna B; Kumar, A Madhan

2017-12-15

Sodium alginate (SA), a polysaccharide biopolymer, has been studied as an effective inhibitor against the corrosion of API X60 steel in neutral 3.5% NaCl using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques (OCP, EIS and EFM). The inhibition efficiency of the SA increased with concentration but was lower at higher temperature (70°C). Electrochemical measurements showed that the SA shifted the steel corrosion potential to more positive value and reduced the kinetics of corrosion by forming an adsorbed layer which mitigated the steel surface wetting, based on contact angle measurement. SEM-EDAX was used to confirm the inhibition of SA on API X60 steel surfaces. The SA adsorbs on the steel surface through a physisorption mechanism using its carboxylate oxygen according to UV-vis and ATR-IR measurements, respectively. This phenomena result in decreased localized pitting corrosion of the API X60 steel in 3.5% NaCl solution. Theoretical results using quantum chemical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations provide further atomic level insights into the interaction of SA with steel surface. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

49 CFR 195.405 - Protection against ignitions and safe access/egress involving floating roofs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... accordance with API Recommended Practice 2003, unless the operator notes in the procedural manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 2003 is not necessary... removed from service for cleaning) are addressed in API Publication 2026. After October 2, 2000, the...

49 CFR 195.405 - Protection against ignitions and safe access/egress involving floating roofs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... accordance with API Recommended Practice 2003, unless the operator notes in the procedural manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 2003 is not necessary... removed from service for cleaning) are addressed in API Publication 2026. After October 2, 2000, the...

49 CFR 195.405 - Protection against ignitions and safe access/egress involving floating roofs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... accordance with API Recommended Practice 2003, unless the operator notes in the procedural manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 2003 is not necessary... removed from service for cleaning) are addressed in API Publication 2026. After October 2, 2000, the...

49 CFR 195.405 - Protection against ignitions and safe access/egress involving floating roofs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... accordance with API Recommended Practice 2003, unless the operator notes in the procedural manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 2003 is not necessary... removed from service for cleaning) are addressed in API Publication 2026. After October 2, 2000, the...

49 CFR 195.405 - Protection against ignitions and safe access/egress involving floating roofs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... accordance with API Recommended Practice 2003, unless the operator notes in the procedural manual (§ 195.402(c)) why compliance with all or certain provisions of API Recommended Practice 2003 is not necessary... removed from service for cleaning) are addressed in API Publication 2026. After October 2, 2000, the...

Mixed effects of geolocators on reproduction and survival of Cerulean Warblers, a canopy-dwelling, long-distance migrant

Treesearch

Douglas W. Raybuck; Jeffrey L. Larkin; Scott H. Stoleson; Than J. Boves

2017-01-01

Light-level geolocators, miniature devices used for tracking avian migration over the full annual cycle, are being widely deployed on small migratory passerines. However, the effects of carrying geolocators on the breeding biology of songbirds are unclear, and variable species- and guild-specific conclusions have been drawn regarding their effects on return rates (...

The GLAS Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document for Laser Footprint Location (Geolocation) and Surface Profiles

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Shutz, Bob E.; Urban, Timothy J.

2014-01-01

This ATBD summarizes (and links with other ATBDs) the elements used to obtain the geolocated GLAS laser spot location, with respect to the Earth Center of Mass. Because of the approach used, the reference frame used to express the geolocation is linked to the reference frame used for POD and PAD, which are related to the ITRF. The geolocated spot coordinates (which includes the elevation or height, with respect to an adopted reference ellipsoid) is the inferred position of the laser spot, since the spot location is not directly measured. This document also summarizes the GLAS operation time periods.

Space-Borne Laser Altimeter Geolocation Error Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Y.; Fang, J.; Ai, Y.

2018-05-01

This paper reviews the development of space-borne laser altimetry technology over the past 40 years. Taking the ICESAT satellite as an example, a rigorous space-borne laser altimeter geolocation model is studied, and an error propagation equation is derived. The influence of the main error sources, such as the platform positioning error, attitude measurement error, pointing angle measurement error and range measurement error, on the geolocation accuracy of the laser spot are analysed by simulated experiments. The reasons for the different influences on geolocation accuracy in different directions are discussed, and to satisfy the accuracy of the laser control point, a design index for each error source is put forward.

cis-Bis(2,2'-bipyridine-κ(2)N,N')bis-(pyridin-4-amine-κN(1))ruthenium(II) bis-(hexa-fluoridophosphate) acetonitrile monosolvate.

PubMed

Camilo, Mariana R; Martins, Felipe T; Malta, Valéria R S; Ellena, Javier; Carlos, Rose M

2013-02-01

In the title complex, [Ru(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(C(5)H(6)N(2))(2)](PF(6))(2)·CH(3)CN, the Ru(II) atom is bonded to two α-diimine ligands, viz. 2,2'-bipyridine, in a cis configuration and to two 4-amino-pyridine (4Apy) ligands in the expected distorted octa-hedral configuration. The compound is isostructural with [Ru(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(C(5)H(6)N(2))(2)](ClO(4))(2)·CH(3)CN [Duan et al. (1999 ▶). J. Coord. Chem.46, 301-312] and both structures are stabilized by classical hydrogen bonds between 4Apy ligands as donors and counter-ions and acetonitrile solvent mol-ecules as acceptors. Indeed, N-H⋯F inter-actions give rise to an inter-molecularly locked assembly of two centrosymmetric complex mol-ecules and two PF(6) (-) counter-ions, which can be considered as the building units of both crystal architectures. The building blocks are connected to one another through hydrogen bonds between 4Apy and the connecting pieces made up of two centrosymmetric motifs with PF(6) (-) ions and acetonitrile mol-ecules, giving rise to ribbons running parallel to [011]. 2(1)-Screw-axis-related complex mol-ecules and PF(6) (-) counter-ions alternate in helical chains formed along the a axis by means of these contacts.

The pressure dependence of physical properties of (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 and its counterpart W3AlC2 by first-principles calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Yefei; Sun, Liang; Xing, Jiandong; Ma, Shengqiang; Zheng, Qiaoling; Liu, Yangzhen

2017-12-01

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were used to investigate the mechanical properties, elastic anisotropy, electronic structure, optical properties and thermodynamic properties of a new quaternary MAX phase (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 and its counterpart W3AlC2 under hydrostatic pressure. The results indicate that the volumetric shrinkage of (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 is faster than that of axial shrinkage under hydrostatic pressure. The stress-strain method and Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximation were used to calculate elastic constants and moduli, respectively. These compounds are mechanically stable under hydrostatic pressure. Moreover, the moduli of (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 and W3AlC2 increase with an increase in pressure. The anisotropic indexes and surface constructions of bulk and Young’s moduli were used to illustrate the mechanical anisotropy under hydrostatic pressure. Electronic structure and optical property of (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 and W3AlC2 have also been discussed. The results of Debye temperature reveal that the covalent bonds among atoms in (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 may be stronger than that of W3AlC2. The heat capacity, Cp-Cv, and thermal expansion coefficient of (W2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 and W3AlC2 were discussed in the ranges of 0-30 GPa and 0-2000 K using quasi-harmonic Debye model considering the phonon effects.

An investigation into the effects of excipient particle size, blending techniques and processing parameters on the homogeneity and content uniformity of a blend containing low-dose model drug

PubMed Central

Alyami, Hamad; Dahmash, Eman; Bowen, James

2017-01-01

Powder blend homogeneity is a critical attribute in formulation development of low dose and potent active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) yet a complex process with multiple contributing factors. Excipient characteristics play key role in efficient blending process and final product quality. In this work the effect of excipient type and properties, blending technique and processing time on content uniformity was investigated. Powder characteristics for three commonly used excipients (starch, pregelatinised starch and microcrystalline cellulose) were initially explored using laser diffraction particle size analyser, angle of repose for flowability, followed by thorough evaluations of surface topography employing scanning electron microscopy and interferometry. Blend homogeneity was evaluated based on content uniformity analysis of the model API, ergocalciferol, using a validated analytical technique. Flowability of powders were directly related to particle size and shape, while surface topography results revealed the relationship between surface roughness and ability of excipient with high surface roughness to lodge fine API particles within surface groves resulting in superior uniformity of content. Of the two blending techniques, geometric blending confirmed the ability to produce homogeneous blends at low dilution when processed for longer durations, whereas manual ordered blending failed to achieve compendial requirement for content uniformity despite mixing for 32 minutes. Employing the novel dry powder hybrid mixer device, developed at Aston University laboratory, results revealed the superiority of the device and enabled the production of homogenous blend irrespective of excipient type and particle size. Lower dilutions of the API (1% and 0.5% w/w) were examined using non-sieved excipients and the dry powder hybrid mixing device enabled the development of successful blends within compendial requirements and low relative standard deviation. PMID:28609454

An investigation into the effects of excipient particle size, blending techniques and processing parameters on the homogeneity and content uniformity of a blend containing low-dose model drug.

PubMed

Alyami, Hamad; Dahmash, Eman; Bowen, James; Mohammed, Afzal R

2017-01-01

Powder blend homogeneity is a critical attribute in formulation development of low dose and potent active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) yet a complex process with multiple contributing factors. Excipient characteristics play key role in efficient blending process and final product quality. In this work the effect of excipient type and properties, blending technique and processing time on content uniformity was investigated. Powder characteristics for three commonly used excipients (starch, pregelatinised starch and microcrystalline cellulose) were initially explored using laser diffraction particle size analyser, angle of repose for flowability, followed by thorough evaluations of surface topography employing scanning electron microscopy and interferometry. Blend homogeneity was evaluated based on content uniformity analysis of the model API, ergocalciferol, using a validated analytical technique. Flowability of powders were directly related to particle size and shape, while surface topography results revealed the relationship between surface roughness and ability of excipient with high surface roughness to lodge fine API particles within surface groves resulting in superior uniformity of content. Of the two blending techniques, geometric blending confirmed the ability to produce homogeneous blends at low dilution when processed for longer durations, whereas manual ordered blending failed to achieve compendial requirement for content uniformity despite mixing for 32 minutes. Employing the novel dry powder hybrid mixer device, developed at Aston University laboratory, results revealed the superiority of the device and enabled the production of homogenous blend irrespective of excipient type and particle size. Lower dilutions of the API (1% and 0.5% w/w) were examined using non-sieved excipients and the dry powder hybrid mixing device enabled the development of successful blends within compendial requirements and low relative standard deviation.

Limitations of high dose carrier based formulations.

PubMed

Yeung, Stewart; Traini, Daniela; Tweedie, Alan; Lewis, David; Church, Tanya; Young, Paul M

2018-06-10

This study was performed to investigate how increasing the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) content within a formulation affects the dispersion of particles and the aerosol performance efficiency of a carrier based dry powder inhalable (DPI) formulation, using a custom dry powder inhaler (DPI) development rig. Five formulations with varying concentrations of API beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) between 1% and 30% (w/w) were formulated as a multi-component carrier system containing coarse lactose and fine lactose with magnesium stearate. The morphology of the formulation and each component were investigated using scanning electron micrographs while the particle size was measured by laser diffraction. The aerosol performance, in terms of aerodynamic diameter, was assessed using the British pharmacopeia Apparatus E cascade impactor (Next generation impactor). Chemical analysis of the API was observed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Increasing the concentration of BDP in the blend resulted in increasing numbers and size of individual agglomerates and densely packed BDP multi-layers on the surface of the lactose carrier. BDP present within the multi-layer did not disperse as individual primary particles but as dense agglomerates, which led to a decrease in aerosol performance and increased percentage of BDP deposition within the Apparatus E induction port and pre-separator. As the BDP concentration in the blends increases, aerosol performance of the formulation decreases, in an inversely proportional manner. Concurrently, the percentage of API deposition in the induction port and pre-separator could also be linked to the amount of micronized particles (BDP and Micronized composite carrier) present in the formulation. The effect of such dose increase on the behaviour of aerosol dispersion was investigated to gain greater insight in the development and optimisation of higher dosed carrier-based formulations. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A hidden Markov model for reconstructing animal paths from solar geolocation loggers using templates for light intensity.

PubMed

Rakhimberdiev, Eldar; Winkler, David W; Bridge, Eli; Seavy, Nathaniel E; Sheldon, Daniel; Piersma, Theunis; Saveliev, Anatoly

2015-01-01

Solar archival tags (henceforth called geolocators) are tracking devices deployed on animals to reconstruct their long-distance movements on the basis of locations inferred post hoc with reference to the geographical and seasonal variations in the timing and speeds of sunrise and sunset. The increased use of geolocators has created a need for analytical tools to produce accurate and objective estimates of migration routes that are explicit in their uncertainty about the position estimates. We developed a hidden Markov chain model for the analysis of geolocator data. This model estimates tracks for animals with complex migratory behaviour by combining: (1) a shading-insensitive, template-fit physical model, (2) an uncorrelated random walk movement model that includes migratory and sedentary behavioural states, and (3) spatially explicit behavioural masks. The model is implemented in a specially developed open source R package FLightR. We used the particle filter (PF) algorithm to provide relatively fast model posterior computation. We illustrate our modelling approach with analysis of simulated data for stationary tags and of real tracks of both a tree swallow Tachycineta bicolor migrating along the east and a golden-crowned sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla migrating along the west coast of North America. We provide a model that increases accuracy in analyses of noisy data and movements of animals with complicated migration behaviour. It provides posterior distributions for the positions of animals, their behavioural states (e.g., migrating or sedentary), and distance and direction of movement. Our approach allows biologists to estimate locations of animals with complex migratory behaviour based on raw light data. This model advances the current methods for estimating migration tracks from solar geolocation, and will benefit a fast-growing number of tracking studies with this technology.

To Study Capping or Lamination Tendency of Tablets Through Evaluation of Powder Rheological Properties and Tablet Mechanical Properties of Directly Compressible Blends.

PubMed

Dudhat, Siddhi M; Kettler, Charles N; Dave, Rutesh H

2017-05-01

Air entrapment efficiency of the powders is one of the main factors leading to occurrence of capping or lamination tendency of tablets manufactured from the directly compressible powder blends. The purpose of the current research was to study this underlying cause leading to occurrence of capping or lamination of tablets through evaluation of powder rheological properties. Powder blends were prepared by addition of 0% w/w to 100% w/w of individual active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) [two model API: acetaminophen (APAP) and ibuprofen (IBU)] with microcrystalline cellulose without and with 0.5% w/w Magnesium Stearate as lubricant. Powder rheological properties were analyzed using FT4 Powder Rheometer for dynamic, bulk, and shear properties. Tablet mechanical properties of the respective blends were studied by determining the ability of the material to form tablet of specific strength under applied compaction pressure through tabletability profile. The results showed that powder rheometer distinguished the powder blends based on their ability to relieve entrapped air along with the distinctive flow characteristics. Powder blend prepared with increasing addition of APAP displayed low powder permeability as compared to IBU blends with better powder permeability, compressibility and flow characteristics. Also, lubrication of the APAP blends did not ease their ability to relieve air. Tabletability profiles revealed the potential occurrence of capping or lamination in tablets prepared from the powder blends with high APAP content. This study can help scientist to understand tableting performance at the early-developmental stages and can avoid occurrence capping and lamination of tablets.

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

23 CFR 971.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... maintain the management systems and their associated databases; and (5) A process for data collection, processing, analysis, and updating for each management system. (c) All management systems will use databases with a common or coordinated reference system, that can be used to geolocate all database information...

a Geographic Data Gathering System for Image Geolocalization Refining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Semaan, B.; Servières, M.; Moreau, G.; Chebaro, B.

2017-09-01

Image geolocalization has become an important research field during the last decade. This field is divided into two main sections. The first is image geolocalization that is used to find out which country, region or city the image belongs to. The second one is refining image localization for uses that require more accuracy such as augmented reality and three dimensional environment reconstruction using images. In this paper we present a processing chain that gathers geographic data from several sources in order to deliver a better geolocalization than the GPS one of an image and precise camera pose parameters. In order to do so, we use multiple types of data. Among this information some are visible in the image and are extracted using image processing, other types of data can be extracted from image file headers or online image sharing platforms related information. Extracted information elements will not be expressive enough if they remain disconnected. We show that grouping these information elements helps finding the best geolocalization of the image.

Enhanced Precision Geolocation in 4G Wireless Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

years has implemented a National Emergency Warning System using text messages delivered to cell phones [5]. The November 1999 FCC E911 regulations...statistical theory of passive geolocation of emitters may be found in [18]. Papers that survey methods of geolocation applied to cell phones include [4...where to put the tower % n: which tower to place %randomTowers(obj,dispersion, seperation ): generates % random towers for the network % obj: the network

Trinuclear alkyl hydrido rare-earth complexes supported by amidopyridinato ligands: synthesis, structures, C-Si bond activation and catalytic activity in ethylene polymerization.

PubMed

Lyubov, Dmitry M; Cherkasov, Anton V; Fukin, Georgy K; Ketkov, Sergey Yu; Shavyrin, Andrey S; Trifonov, Alexander A

2014-10-14

The reaction of Ap(9Me)Lu(CH2SiMe3)2(thf) (Ap(9Me) = (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)[6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridine-2-yl]amido ligand) with two molar equivalents of PhSiH3 affords a trinuclear alkyl-hydrido cluster [(Ap(9Me)Lu)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2]. The analogous reactions with Ap(9Me)Ln(CH2SiMe3)2(thf) (Ln = Y, Yb) are more complex and result in the formation of mixtures of two types of trinuclear alkyl-hydrido complexes [(Ap(9Me)Ln)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2] and [(Ap(9Me)Ln)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiH2Ph)(thf)2] differing in the alkyl group. The DFT calculations of [(Ap*Y)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2] (Ap* = (2,6-diisopropylphenyl)[6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridine-2-yl]amido ligand) confirm localization of the HOMO on the Ap*-Y(1A)-CH2SiMe3 fragment, thus explaining its enhanced reactivity. Analysis of the electron density distribution reveals the Y-H and H-H bonding interactions in the (Y)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2 moiety. The NMR studies of diamagnetic complexes [(Ap(9Me)Lu)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2] and [(Ap*Y)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2] demonstrated that the trinuclear cores are retained in the solution and revealed exchange between μ(3)- and μ(2)-bridging hydrido ligands. Complexes [(Ap*Ln)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2], the cationic yttrium hydrido cluster [(Ap*Y)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(thf)3](+)[B(C6F5)4](-) as well as [(Ap(9Me)Ln)3(μ(2)-H)3(μ(3)-H)2(CH2SiMe3)(thf)2] proved to be active in catalysis of ethylene polymerization under mild conditions.

Population Genetics of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae: One Host (Apis mellifera) and Two Different Histories

PubMed Central

Maside, Xulio; Gómez-Moracho, Tamara; Jara, Laura; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; De la Rúa, Pilar; Higes, Mariano; Bartolomé, Carolina

2015-01-01

Two microsporidians are known to infect honey bees: Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Whereas population genetics data for the latter have been released in the last few years, such information is still missing for N. apis. Here we analyze the patterns of nucleotide polymorphism at three single-copy loci (PTP2, PTP3 and RPB1) in a collection of Apis mellifera isolates from all over the world, naturally infected either with N. apis (N = 22) or N. ceranae (N = 23), to provide new insights into the genetic diversity, demography and evolution of N. apis, as well as to compare them with evidence from N. ceranae. Neutral variation in N. apis and N. ceranae is of the order of 1%. This amount of diversity suggests that there is no substantial differentiation between the genetic content of the two nuclei present in these parasites, and evidence for genetic recombination provides a putative mechanism for the flow of genetic information between chromosomes. The analysis of the frequency spectrum of neutral variants reveals a significant surplus of low frequency variants, particularly in N. ceranae, and suggests that the populations of the two pathogens are not in mutation-drift equilibrium and that they have experienced a population expansion. Most of the variation in both species occurs within honey bee colonies (between 62%-90% of the total genetic variance), although in N. apis there is evidence for differentiation between parasites isolated from distinct A. mellifera lineages (20%-34% of the total variance), specifically between those collected from lineages A and C (or M). This scenario is consistent with a long-term host-parasite relationship and contrasts with the lack of differentiation observed among host-lineages in N. ceranae (< 4% of the variance), which suggests that the spread of this emergent pathogen throughout the A. mellifera worldwide population is a recent event. PMID:26720131

Population Genetics of Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae: One Host (Apis mellifera) and Two Different Histories.

PubMed

Maside, Xulio; Gómez-Moracho, Tamara; Jara, Laura; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; De la Rúa, Pilar; Higes, Mariano; Bartolomé, Carolina

2015-01-01

Two microsporidians are known to infect honey bees: Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Whereas population genetics data for the latter have been released in the last few years, such information is still missing for N. apis. Here we analyze the patterns of nucleotide polymorphism at three single-copy loci (PTP2, PTP3 and RPB1) in a collection of Apis mellifera isolates from all over the world, naturally infected either with N. apis (N = 22) or N. ceranae (N = 23), to provide new insights into the genetic diversity, demography and evolution of N. apis, as well as to compare them with evidence from N. ceranae. Neutral variation in N. apis and N. ceranae is of the order of 1%. This amount of diversity suggests that there is no substantial differentiation between the genetic content of the two nuclei present in these parasites, and evidence for genetic recombination provides a putative mechanism for the flow of genetic information between chromosomes. The analysis of the frequency spectrum of neutral variants reveals a significant surplus of low frequency variants, particularly in N. ceranae, and suggests that the populations of the two pathogens are not in mutation-drift equilibrium and that they have experienced a population expansion. Most of the variation in both species occurs within honey bee colonies (between 62%-90% of the total genetic variance), although in N. apis there is evidence for differentiation between parasites isolated from distinct A. mellifera lineages (20%-34% of the total variance), specifically between those collected from lineages A and C (or M). This scenario is consistent with a long-term host-parasite relationship and contrasts with the lack of differentiation observed among host-lineages in N. ceranae (< 4% of the variance), which suggests that the spread of this emergent pathogen throughout the A. mellifera worldwide population is a recent event.

Air Force Office of Scientific Research Technical Report Summaries: October - December 1990

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

0 LOU L.4-OC) -C @ LO -cc 0t 00rz @ < w4 MO0). LI £41- a.) @ CCw ULf f> <. 03 :-3 f3 - - -I CU -- (c IL (P C a 0- . 4~-C i0L C w PA 0.V a)V 3T a - 0 0...u40) u 0 4, th-- E Uw)Z IX 0 CL W L E tw>-’I> C - u Li L (U Q)0 (0 00. L W C Z h 0 Z - 4-+ - .n W 0)Cf04 V 4- ) C <ZOZ 0 I 4- L u’,’m W 3-- ACCa )- >4...0).---0cC) E ZZ- 3 0- C -’ a) 0--)4- C4 W 0> f3 L ML >,U - O0in 3: CID Lu L r C L. (ALiIA 4- w oWM--- U Mw I X I- >- 11 Z M U LA- u a) m mm a)4) cii

Mixed-metal cluster chemistry. 28. Core enlargement of tungsten-iridium clusters with alkynyl, ethyndiyl, and butadiyndiyl reagents.

PubMed

Dalton, Gulliver T; Viau, Lydie; Waterman, Susan M; Humphrey, Mark G; Bruce, Michael I; Low, Paul J; Roberts, Rachel L; Willis, Anthony C; Koutsantonis, George A; Skelton, Brian W; White, Allan H

2005-05-02

Reaction of [WIr3(mu-CO)3(CO)8(eta-C5Me5)] (1c) with [W(C[triple bond]CPh)(CO)3(eta-C5H5)] afforded the edge-bridged tetrahedral cluster [W2Ir3(mu4-eta2-C2Ph)(mu-CO)(CO)9(eta-C5H5)(eta-C5Me5)] (3) and the edge-bridged trigonal-bipyramidal cluster [W3Ir3(mu4-eta2-C2Ph)(mu-eta2-C=CHPh)(Cl)(CO)8(eta-C5Me5)(eta-C5H5)2] (4) in poor to fair yield. Cluster 3 forms by insertion of [W(C[triple bond]CPh)(CO)3(eta-C5H5)] into Ir-Ir and W-Ir bonds, accompanied by a change in coordination mode from a terminally bonded alkynyl to a mu4-eta2 alkynyl ligand. Cluster 4 contains an alkynyl ligand interacting with two iridium atoms and two tungsten atoms in a mu4-eta2 fashion, as well as a vinylidene ligand bridging a W-W bond. Reaction of [WIr3(CO)11(eta-C5H5)] (1a) or 1c with [(eta-C5H5)(CO)2 Ru(C[triple bond]C)Ru(CO)2(eta-C5H5)] afforded [Ru2WIr3(mu5-eta2-C2)(mu-CO)3(CO)7(eta-C5H5)2(eta-C5R5)] [R = H (5a), Me (5c)] in low yield, a structural study of 5a revealing a WIr3 butterfly core capped and spiked by Ru atoms; the diruthenium ethyndiyl precursor has undergone Ru-C scission, with insertion of the C2 unit into a W-Ir bond of the cluster precursor. Reaction of [W2Ir2(CO)10(eta-C5H5)2] with the diruthenium ethyndiyl reagent gave [RuW2Ir2{mu4-eta2-(C2C[triple bond]C)Ru(CO)2(eta-C5H5)}(mu-CO)2(CO)6(eta-C5H5)3] (6) in low yield, a structural study of 6 revealing a butterfly W2Ir2 unit capped by a Ru(eta-C5H5) group resulting from Ru-C scission; the terminal C2 of a new ruthenium-bound butadiyndiyl ligand has been inserted into the W-Ir bond. Reaction between 1a, [WIr3(CO)11(eta-C5H4Me)] (1b), or 1c and [(eta-C5H5)(CO)3W(C[triple bond]CC[triple bond]C)W(CO)3(eta-C5H5)] afforded [W2Ir3{mu4-eta2-(C2C[triple bond]C)W(CO)3(eta-C5H5)}(mu-CO)2(CO)2(eta-C5H5)(eta-C5R5)] [R = H (7a), Me (7c); R5 = H4Me (7b)] in good yield, a structural study of 7c revealing it to be a metallaethynyl analogue of 3.

Effect of Temperature on the Biotic Potential of Honeybee Microsporidia▿

PubMed Central

Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Meana, Aránzazu; García-Palencia, Pilar; Marín, Pilar; Botías, Cristina; Garrido-Bailón, Encarna; Barrios, Laura; Higes, Mariano

2009-01-01

The biological cycle of Nosema spp. in honeybees depends on temperature. When expressed as total spore counts per day after infection, the biotic potentials of Nosema apis and N. ceranae at 33°C were similar, but a higher proportion of immature stages of N. ceranae than of N. apis were seen. At 25 and 37°C, the biotic potential of N. ceranae was higher than that of N. apis. The better adaptation of N. ceranae to complete its endogenous cycle at different temperatures clearly supports the observation of the different epidemiological patterns. PMID:19233948

Effect of temperature on the biotic potential of honeybee microsporidia.

PubMed

Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Meana, Aránzazu; García-Palencia, Pilar; Marín, Pilar; Botías, Cristina; Garrido-Bailón, Encarna; Barrios, Laura; Higes, Mariano

2009-04-01

The biological cycle of Nosema spp. in honeybees depends on temperature. When expressed as total spore counts per day after infection, the biotic potentials of Nosema apis and N. ceranae at 33 degrees C were similar, but a higher proportion of immature stages of N. ceranae than of N. apis were seen. At 25 and 37 degrees C, the biotic potential of N. ceranae was higher than that of N. apis. The better adaptation of N. ceranae to complete its endogenous cycle at different temperatures clearly supports the observation of the different epidemiological patterns.

Demulsification of crude oil-in-water emulsions by means of fungal spores.

PubMed

Vallejo-Cardona, Alba Adriana; Martínez-Palou, Rafael; Chávez-Gómez, Benjamín; García-Caloca, Graciela; Guerra-Camacho, Jairo; Cerón-Camacho, Ricardo; Reyes-Ávila, Jesús; Karamath, James Robert; Aburto, Jorge

2017-01-01

The present feature describes for the first time the application of spores from Aspergillus sp. IMPMS7 to break out crude oil-in-water emulsions (O/W). The fungal spores were isolated from marine sediments polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons. The spores exhibited the ability to destabilize different O/W emulsions prepared with medium, heavy or extra-heavy Mexican crude oils with specific gravities between 10.1 and 21.2°API. The isolated fungal spores showed a high hydrophobic power of 89.3 ± 1.9% and with 2 g of spores per liter of emulsion, the half-life for emulsion destabilization was roughly 3.5 and 0.7 h for extra-heavy and medium crude oil, respectively. Then, the kinetics of water separation and the breaking of the O/W emulsion prepared with heavy oil through a spectrofluorometric technique were studied. A decrease in the fluorescence ratio at 339 and 326 nm (I339/I326) was observed in emulsions treated with spores, which is similar to previously reported results using chemical demulsifiers.

Demulsification of crude oil-in-water emulsions by means of fungal spores

PubMed Central

Vallejo-Cardona, Alba Adriana; Martínez-Palou, Rafael; Chávez-Gómez, Benjamín; García-Caloca, Graciela; Guerra-Camacho, Jairo; Cerón-Camacho, Ricardo; Reyes-Ávila, Jesús; Karamath, James Robert

2017-01-01

The present feature describes for the first time the application of spores from Aspergillus sp. IMPMS7 to break out crude oil-in-water emulsions (O/W). The fungal spores were isolated from marine sediments polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons. The spores exhibited the ability to destabilize different O/W emulsions prepared with medium, heavy or extra-heavy Mexican crude oils with specific gravities between 10.1 and 21.2°API. The isolated fungal spores showed a high hydrophobic power of 89.3 ± 1.9% and with 2 g of spores per liter of emulsion, the half-life for emulsion destabilization was roughly 3.5 and 0.7 h for extra-heavy and medium crude oil, respectively. Then, the kinetics of water separation and the breaking of the O/W emulsion prepared with heavy oil through a spectrofluorometric technique were studied. A decrease in the fluorescence ratio at 339 and 326 nm (I339/I326) was observed in emulsions treated with spores, which is similar to previously reported results using chemical demulsifiers. PMID:28234917

Effects of W on microstructure of as-cast 28 wt.%Cr–2.6 wt.%C–(0–10)wt.%W irons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Imurai, S.; Thanachayanont, C.; Pearce, J.T.H.

2015-01-15

Microstructures of as-cast 28 wt.%Cr–2.6 wt.%C irons containing (0–10)wt.%W with the Cr/C ratio about 10 were studied and related to their hardness. The experimental irons were cast into dry sand molds. Microstructural investigation was performed by light microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. It was found that the irons with 1 to 10 wt.%W addition was hypereutectic containing large primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3}, whereas the reference iron without W addition was hypoeutectic. The matrix in all irons was austenite, partly transformed to martensite during cooling. The volume fractions of primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3}more » and the total carbides increased, but that of eutectic carbides decreased with increasing the W content of the irons. W addition promoted the formation of W-rich M{sub 7}C{sub 3}, M{sub 6}C and M{sub 23}C{sub 6}. At about 4 wt.%W, two eutectic carbides including M{sub 7}C{sub 3} and M{sub 6}C were observed together with primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3}. At 10 wt.%W, multiple carbides including primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3}, fish-bone M{sub 23}C{sub 6}, and M{sub 6}C were observed. M{sub x}C where x = 3 or less has not been found due possibly to the high M/C ratio in the studied irons. W distribution to all carbides has been determined increasing from ca. 0.3 to 0.8 in mass fraction as the W content in the irons was increased. W addition led to an increase in Vickers macro-hardness of the irons up to 671 kgf/(mm){sup 2} (HV30/15) obtained from the iron with 10 wt.%W. The formation of primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3} and aggregates of M{sub 6}C and M{sub 23}C{sub 6} were the main reasons for hardness increase, indicating potentially improved wear performance of the as-cast irons with W addition. - Highlights: • W addition at 1 up to 10 wt.%W to Fe–28Cr–2.6C produced “hypereutectic” structure. • W addition promoted the formation of W-rich M{sub 7}C{sub 3}, M{sub 6}C and M{sub 23}C{sub 6}. • M{sub 23}C{sub 6} has higher Fe/Cr and W/Cr atm% ratios than those in M{sub 7}C{sub 3}. • Si content and high W content over about 11 atm% are characteristics of M{sub 6}C. • Primary M{sub 7}C{sub 3} and aggregates of M{sub 6}C and M{sub 23}C{sub 6} increased the alloy macro-hardness.« less

Forensic Carving of Network Packets and Associated Data Structures

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-01-01

establishment of prior connection activity and services used; identification of other systems present on the system’s LAN or WLAN; geolocation of the...identification of other systems present on the system?s LAN or WLAN; geolocation of the host computer system; and cross-drive analysis. We show that network...Finally, our work in geolocation was assisted by geo- location databases created by companies such as Google (Google Mobile, 2011) and Skyhook

Predominant Api m 10 sensitization as risk factor for treatment failure in honey bee venom immunotherapy.

PubMed

Frick, Marcel; Fischer, Jörg; Helbling, Arthur; Ruëff, Franziska; Wieczorek, Dorothea; Ollert, Markus; Pfützner, Wolfgang; Müller, Sabine; Huss-Marp, Johannes; Dorn, Britta; Biedermann, Tilo; Lidholm, Jonas; Ruecker, Gerta; Bantleon, Frank; Miehe, Michaela; Spillner, Edzard; Jakob, Thilo

2016-12-01

Component resolution recently identified distinct sensitization profiles in honey bee venom (HBV) allergy, some of which were dominated by specific IgE to Api m 3 and/or Api m 10, which have been reported to be underrepresented in therapeutic HBV preparations. We performed a retrospective analysis of component-resolved sensitization profiles in HBV-allergic patients and association with treatment outcome. HBV-allergic patients who had undergone controlled honey bee sting challenge after at least 6 months of HBV immunotherapy (n = 115) were included and classified as responder (n = 79) or treatment failure (n = 36) on the basis of absence or presence of systemic allergic reactions upon sting challenge. IgE reactivity to a panel of HBV allergens was analyzed in sera obtained before immunotherapy and before sting challenge. No differences were observed between responders and nonresponders regarding levels of IgE sensitization to Api m 1, Api m 2, Api m 3, and Api m 5. In contrast, Api m 10 specific IgE was moderately but significantly increased in nonresponders. Predominant Api m 10 sensitization (>50% of specific IgE to HBV) was the best discriminator (specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 25%) with an odds ratio of 8.444 (2.127-33.53; P = .0013) for treatment failure. Some but not all therapeutic HBV preparations displayed a lack of Api m 10, whereas Api m 1 and Api m 3 immunoreactivity was comparable to that of crude HBV. In line with this, significant Api m 10 sIgG 4 induction was observed only in those patients who were treated with HBV in which Api m 10 was detectable. Component-resolved sensitization profiles in HBV allergy suggest predominant IgE sensitization to Api m 10 as a risk factor for treatment failure in HBV immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Comparison of different methods for the identification of Candida species isolated from clinical specimens].

PubMed

Cetinkaya, Zafer; Altindiş, Mustafa; Aktepe, Orhan Cem; Karabiçak, Nilgün

2003-10-01

The aim of this study was to compare the different methods for the identification of Candida strains isolated from clinical specimens. The methods of germ tube examination, chlamydospore examination formed on the rice Tween-80 (RT-80) agar and evaluation of colony morphologies on the two chromogenic agars (CHROMagar Candida, Albicans ID), were compared with a reference API 20C AUX (bioMerieux, France) automated system based on the carbohydrate assimilation, for the identification of a total 255 Candida isolates. Of them, 173 (67.8%) were identified as C. albicans, 37 (14.5%) were C. glabrata, 23 (9%) were C. krusei, 9 (3.5%) were C. tropicalis, 9 (3.5%) were C. kefyr, 2 (0.8%) were C. guillermondii and 2 (0.8%) were C. parapsilosis, by API 20C AUX system. In the view of these results, 146 (84.4%) of C. albicans strains were identified by germ tube examination, 161 (93.1%) of C. albicans strains and 208 (81.5%) of total strains were identified by chlamydospore examination. 169 (97.7%) of C. albicans strains and 231 (90.6%) of total strains were identified by CHROMagar Candida method, and 168 (97.1%) of C. albicans strains were identified by Albicans ID method, correctly. In the CHROMagar Candida medium, 169 C. albicans isolates have produced bright green colored colonies, whereas 33 (89.2%) isolates which produced dark pink/purple colored colonies were identified as C. glabrata, 7 (77.8%) isolates which produced metalical blue colored colonies were identified as C. tropicalis and 22 (95.6%) isolates which produced pale pink colored colonies were identified as C. krusei. In the Albicans ID medium, four of the 172 isolates which were evaluated as C. albicans initially by producing blue colored colonies, have been identified as C. tropicalis by API 20C AUX system. The sensitivities and specificities of germ tube examination, RT-80, CHROMagar Candida and Albicans ID methods were found as follows, respectively; 84.4% and 100%, 93.1% and 100%, 97.7% and 100%, 99.4% and 95.3 percent. In conclusion, CHROMagar Candida medium seems the most favorable rapid and practical method with high sensitivity and specificity for the identification of Candida species, but its cost-effectiveness should be kept in view.

[Evaluation of Vitek 2 for the identification of Candida yeasts].

PubMed

Ochiuzzi, María E; Cataldi, Silvana; Guelfand, Liliana; Maldonado, Ivana; Arechavala, Alicia

2014-01-01

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the performance of Vitek 2 YST cards (bioMérieux, Inc., Hazelwood, MO, USA) for the identification of yeasts of the genus Candida. A total of 168 isolates were analyzed and the results were compared to those of the API 20 C AUX (24%) o API ID 32 C (76%) kits (bioMérieux, Marcy L'Etoile, France). Each isolate was grown in chromogenic agar and in corn meal agar (Oxoid, UK) to observe its micromorphology. C. albicans and C. dublininesis were identified by additional biochemical and molecular tests. The agreement observed was 98.3%. Only three isolates were incorrectly identified by Vitek 2: one strain of C .tropicalis and one strain of C. krusei were identified as C. parapsilosis by YST while one strain of C. krusei was identified with low discrimination. The average time for obtaining results was 18.25 h. Vitek 2 is a simple, safe and useful system for the identification of significant Candida species. Copyright © 2014 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Prime Contract Awards by State, County, Contractor and Place. Fiscal Year 1992. (October - September). North Carolina thru Wyoming

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-01-01

w4 w-4< o j.O -)Q j-j u I 4-~z z a2w wmn 0 aj w 0 Wzc~oj < 3 Lwoziw <. " ý- a 0 j00m jc a a a C .x<-1-40 -4 It4 -- -j-4-4-4- -f.-4.- aCaro 4.4 0 n 0...XM.4 0W .-4 -W4J M Q- w AV ( 0 0 0 w. I-- I-D:)>>>>> 33: -Ir3x tx a,0z z -W ~ VVVg- ~ ~ ~ nI D -I C ~ ~ .1 C C C C C ~ r O C C C C~ 0 C - I 4 4 Il0...34 Ma4 -.1.- .4.4ýD ý_ $ I -. 4.4<.40> -.4 m- > <.,4- M -ý. n 4 .. -. 4--I l z 0 77 w C-:3 UjOW.0. I- It rzC ý 0 m aC Cl Wo .-CC tC ( AV In 016 0 0O.3

Testing pop-up satellite tags as a tool for identifying critical habitat for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) in the Gulf of Alaska

USGS Publications Warehouse

Seitz, Andrew C.; Wilson, Derek; Nielsen, Jennifer L.

2002-01-01

To maintain healthy commercial and sport fisheries for Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), critical habitat must be defined by determining life history patterns on a daily and seasonal basis. Pop-up satellite archival transmitting (PSAT) tags provide a fisheries-independent method of collecting environmental preference data (depth and ambient water temperature) as well as daily geolocation estimates based on ambient light conditions. In this study, 14 adult halibut (107-165 cm FL) were tagged and released with PSAT tags in and around Resurrection Bay, Alaska. Commercial fishermen recovered two tags, while five tags transmitted data to ARGOS satellites. Horizontal migration was not consistent among fish as three halibut remained in the vicinity of release while four traveled up to 358 km from the release site. Vertical migration was not consistent among fish and over time, but they spent most their time between 150-350 m. The minimum and maximum depths reached by any of the halibut were 2m and 502m, respectively. The fish preferred water temperatures of roughly 6 °C while experiencing ambient temperatures between 4.3 °C and 12.2 °C. Light attenuation with depth prevented existing geolocation software and light sensing hardware from accurately estimating geoposition, however, information from temperature, depth, ocean bathymetry, and pop-off locations provided inference on fish movement in the study area. PSAT tags were a viable tool for determining daily and seasonal behavior and identifying critical halibut habitat, which will aid fisheries managers in future decisions regarding commercial and sport fishing regulations.

Vision Assisted Navigation for Miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (MAVs)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-01

commanded to orbit a target of known location. The error in target geolocation is shown for 200 frames with filtering (dashed line) and without (solid...so the performance of the filter was determined by using the estimated poses to solve a geolocation problem. An MAV flying at an altitude of 70 meters... geolocation as well as significantly reducing the short-term variance in the estimates based on the GPS/IMU alone. Due to the nature of the autopilot

Composition of fatty acids in the Varroa destructor mites and their hosts, Apis mellifera drone-prepupae.

PubMed

Dmitryjuk, Małgorzata; Zalewski, Kazimierz; Raczkowski, Marek; Żółtowska, Krystyna

2015-01-01

The fatty acid (FA) profile of lipids extracted from the Varroa destructor parasitic mite and its host, drone-prepupae of Apis mellifera, was determined by gas chromatography (GC). The percentages of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were generally similar in parasites and their hosts. Fatty acids were arranged in the following descending order based on their content: MUFAs (ca. 52-55%), SFAs (ca. 41%) and PUFAs (ca. 3%). The predominant fatty acids were oleic acid (46% in mites, 44% in prepupae) and palmitic acid (23% and 30%, respectively). Varroa parasites differed from their hosts in the quantity of individual FAs and in their FA profiles. Three PUFAs noted in the host were not observed in parasitic mites, whereas the presence of C21:0, C24:0 and C22:1 FAs was reported in mites, but not in drones.

Manning Implications of Logistics Support for Airland Battle.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-10-01

P4 0. C -0 a 0 0’ (v -4 0 0 4) co- u 4.440) 4.-4 44 0 01 CO C 0 0 - ’. 41 =- ~ ’ 0 0C $4 -4 j 1 04 $4 N, 01 0 140 WC-- co Cu~ W~a 41001E0 F3 1404-C...a -4 11 -4 F3 05--. S- a 14 043 1.a v-- 40 - 0 w 0 v-ŔUe cu 0> 0a0 54- 4-3t C v- w--v - U) z ED . U)-H 0 W 04 r. 4 ( 0) 4. r.-.00 C w 44 ca 4U)4- 4...2 4)W W w 4) co F3 r_ r. 4 ’-S r2 ((a. W04.C W-S 0 v 0 0 41 m 02’S" 44 4 Q4 -W04) -4 ’-4 44H - 0-4.4400 0 ( 00 Ad02 1 14 .024w.4t. A4’ >140- -- 02 4C

Purification and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Ecto-Apyrase, MP67, from Mimosa pudica1[C][W][OA

PubMed Central

Okuhata, Riku; Takishima, Takeshi; Nishimura, Naoaki; Ueda, Shogo; Tsuchiya, Takahide; Kanzawa, Nobuyuki

2011-01-01

We have previously reported the presence of an apyrase in Mimosa pudica. However, only limited information is available for this enzyme. Thus, in this study, the apyrase was purified to homogeneity. The purified enzyme had a molecular mass of around 67 kD and was able to hydrolyze both nucleotide triphosphate and nucleotide diphosphate as substrates. The ratio of ATP to ADP hydrolysis velocity of the purified protein was 0.01 in the presence of calcium ion, showing extremely high substrate specificity toward ADP. Thus, we designated this novel apyrase as MP67. A cDNA clone of MP67 was obtained using primers designed from the amino acid sequence of trypsin-digested fragments of the protein. In addition, rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction was performed to clone a conventional apyrase (MpAPY2). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences showed that MP67 is similar to ecto-apyrases; however, it was distinct from conventional apyrase based on phylogenetic classification. MP67 and MpAPY2 were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant proteins were purified. The recombinant MP67 showed high substrate specificity toward ADP rather than ATP. A polyclonal antibody raised against the recombinant MP67 was used to examine the tissue distribution and localization of native MP67 in the plant. The results showed that MP67 was ubiquitously distributed in various tissues, most abundantly in leaves, and was localized to plasma membranes. Thus, MP67 is a novel ecto-apyrase with extremely high substrate specificity for ADP. PMID:21788364

Significant acceleration of emergency response using smartphone geolocation data and a worldwide emergency call support system.

PubMed

Weinlich, Michael; Kurz, Peter; Blau, Melissa B; Walcher, Felix; Piatek, Stefan

2018-01-01

When patients are disorientated or experience language barriers, it is impossible to activate the emergency response system. In these cases, the delay for receiving appropriate help can extend to several hours. A worldwide emergency call support system (ECSS), including geolocation of modern smartphones (GPS, WLAN and LBS), was established referring to E911 and eCall systems. The system was tested for relevance in quickly forwarding abroad emergency calls to emergency medical services (EMS). To verify that geolocation data from smartphones are exact enough to be used for emergency cases, the accuracy of GPS (global positioning system), Wi-Fi (wireless LAN network) and LBS (location based system) was tested in eleven different countries and compared to actual location. The main objective was analyzed by simulation of emergencies in different countries. The time delay in receiving help in unsuccessful emergency call cases by using the worldwide emergency call support system (ECSS) was measured. GPS is the gold standard to locate patients with an average accuracy of 2.0 ± 3.3 m. Wi-Fi can be used within buildings with an accuracy of 7.0 ± 24.1 m. Using ECSS, the emergency call leads to a successful activation of EMS in 22.8 ± 10.8 min (Median 21 min). The use of a simple app with one button to touch did never cause any delay. The worldwide emergency call support system (ECSS) significantly improves the emergency response in cases of disorientated patients or language barriers. Under circumstances without ECSS, help can be delayed by 2 or more hours and might have relevant lifesaving effects. This is the first time that Wi-Fi geolocation could prove to be a useful improvement in emergencies to enhance GPS, especially within or close to buildings.

PrismTech Data Distribution Service Java API Evaluation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Riggs, Cortney

2008-01-01

My internship duties with Launch Control Systems required me to start performance testing of an Object Management Group's (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS) specification implementation by PrismTech Limited through the Java programming language application programming interface (API). DDS is a networking middleware for Real-Time Data Distribution. The performance testing involves latency, redundant publishers, extended duration, redundant failover, and read performance. Time constraints allowed only for a data throughput test. I have designed the testing applications to perform all performance tests when time is allowed. Performance evaluation data such as megabits per second and central processing unit (CPU) time consumption were not easily attainable through the Java programming language; they required new methods and classes created in the test applications. Evaluation of this product showed the rate that data can be sent across the network. Performance rates are better on Linux platforms than AIX and Sun platforms. Compared to previous C++ programming language API, the performance evaluation also shows the language differences for the implementation. The Java API of the DDS has a lower throughput performance than the C++ API.

Component resolution reveals additional major allergens in patients with honeybee venom allergy.

PubMed

Köhler, Julian; Blank, Simon; Müller, Sabine; Bantleon, Frank; Frick, Marcel; Huss-Marp, Johannes; Lidholm, Jonas; Spillner, Edzard; Jakob, Thilo

2014-05-01

Detection of IgE to recombinant Hymenoptera venom allergens has been suggested to improve the diagnostic precision in Hymenoptera venom allergy. However, the frequency of sensitization to the only available recombinant honeybee venom (HBV) allergen, rApi m 1, in patients with HBV allergy is limited, suggesting that additional HBV allergens might be of relevance. We performed an analysis of sensitization profiles of patients with HBV allergy to a panel of HBV allergens. Diagnosis of HBV allergy (n = 144) was based on history, skin test results, and allergen-specific IgE levels to HBV. IgE reactivity to 6 HBV allergens devoid of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) was analyzed by ImmunoCAP. IgE reactivity to rApi m 1, rApi m 2, rApi m 3, nApi m 4, rApi m 5, and rApi m 10 was detected in 72.2%, 47.9%, 50.0%, 22.9%, 58.3%, and 61.8% of the patients with HBV allergy, respectively. Positive results to at least 1 HBV allergen were detected in 94.4%. IgE reactivity to Api m 3, Api m 10, or both was detected in 68.0% and represented the only HBV allergen-specific IgE in 5% of the patients. Limited inhibition of IgE binding by therapeutic HBV and limited induction of Api m 3- and Api m 10-specific IgG4 in patients obtaining immunotherapy supports recent reports on the underrepresentation of these allergens in therapeutic HBV preparations. Analysis of a panel of CCD-free HBV allergens improved diagnostic sensitivity compared with use of rApi m 1 alone, identified additional major allergens, and revealed sensitizations to allergens that have been reported to be absent or underrepresented in therapeutic HBV preparations. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

A new multiplex PCR protocol to detect mixed trypanosomatid infections in species of Apis and Bombus.

PubMed

Bartolomé, Carolina; Buendía, María; Benito, María; De la Rúa, Pilar; Ornosa, Concepción; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Higes, Mariano; Maside, Xulio

2018-05-01

Trypanosomatids are highly prevalent pathogens of Hymenoptera; however, most molecular methods used to detect them in Apis and Bombus spp. do not allow the identification of the infecting species, which then becomes expensive and time consuming. To overcome this drawback, we developed a multiplex PCR protocol to readily identify in a single reaction the main trypanosomatids present in these hymenopterans (Lotmaria passim, Crithidia mellificae and Crithidia bombi), which will facilitate the study of their epidemiology and transmission dynamics. A battery of primers, designed to simultaneously amplify fragments of the RNA polymerase II large subunit (RPB1) of L. passim, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of C. mellificae and the DNA topoisomerase II (TOPII) of C. bombi, was tested for target specificity under single and mixed template conditions using DNA extracted from cell cultures (L. passim ATCC PRA403; C. mellificae ATCC 30254) and from a bumblebee specimen infected with C. bombi only (14_349). Once validated, the performance of the method was assessed using DNA extractions from seven Apis mellifera (Linnaeus, 1758) and five Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) field samples infected with trypanosomatids whose identity had been previously determined by PCR-cloning and sequencing (P-C-S). The new method confirmed the results obtained by P-C-S: two of the honeybee samples were parasitized by L. passim, C. mellificae and C. bombi at the same time, whereas the other five were infected with L. passim only. The method confirmed the simultaneous presence of L. passim and C. mellificae in two B. terrestris, where these parasites had not previously been reported. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Extract and visualize geolocation from any text file

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boustani, M.

2015-12-01

There are variety of text file formats such as PDF, HTML and more which contains words about locations(countries, cities, regions and more). GeoParser developed as one of sub-projects under DARPA Memex to help finding any geolocation information crawled website data. It is a web application benefiting from Apache Tika to extract locations from any text file format and visualize geolocations on the map. https://github.com/MBoustani/GeoParserhttps://github.com/chrismattmann/tika-pythonhttp://www.darpa.mil/program/memex

Effects of geolocators on hatching success, return rates, breeding movements, and change in body mass in 16 species of Arctic-breeding shorebirds

USGS Publications Warehouse

Weiser, Emily; Lanctot, Richard B.; Brown, Stephen C.; Alves, José A.; Battley, Phil F.; Bentzen, Rebecca L.; Bety, Joel; Bishop, Mary Anne; Boldenow, Megan; Bollache, Loic; Casler, Bruce; Christie, Maureen; Coleman, Jonathan T.; Conklin, Jesse R.; English, Willow B.; Gates, H. River; Gilg, Olivier; Giroux, Marie-Andree; Gosbell, Ken; Hassell, Chris J.; Helmericks, Jim; Johnson, Andrew; Katrinardottir, Borgny; Koivula, Kari; Kwon, Eunbi; Lamarre, Jean-Francois; Lang, Johannes; Lank, David B.; Lecomte, Nicolas; Liebezeit, Joseph R.; Loverti, Vanessa; McKinnon, Laura; Minton, Clive; Mizrahi, David S.; Nol, Erica; Pakanen, Veli-Matti; Perz, Johanna; Porter, Ron; Rausch, Jennie; Reneerkens, Jeroen; Ronka, Nelli; Saalfeld, Sarah T.; Senner, Nathan R.; Sittler, Benoit; Smith, Paul A.; Sowl, Kristine M.; Taylor, Audrey; Ward, David H.; Yezerinac, Stephen; Sandercock, Brett K.

2016-01-01

Negative effects of geolocators occurred only for three of the smallest species in our dataset, but were substantial when present. Future studies could mitigate impacts of tags by reducing protruding parts and minimizing use of additional markers. Investigators could maximize recovery of tags by strategically deploying geolocators on males, previously marked individuals, and successful breeders, though targeting subsets of a population could bias the resulting migratory movement data in some species.

Biomimetic Chemosensor: Designing Peptide Recognition Elements for Surface Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (Postprint)

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

Protein from the Honeybee Apis mellifera L. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 4459– 4464. 12. Mead, J. C. New Scientist 2007, November issue. 13. Inscentinel...of explo- sives and other analytes.12,13 The antennal-specific protein-1 (ASP1), an OBP from honeybee, Apis mel- lifera, contains a C-terminal tail

Screening of binding proteins that interact with Chinese sacbrood virus VP3 capsid protein in Apis cerana larvae cDNA library by the yeast two-hybrid method.

PubMed

Fei, Dongliang; Wei, Dong; Yu, Xiaolei; Yue, Jinjin; Li, Ming; Sun, Li; Jiang, Lili; Li, Yijing; Diao, Qingyun; Ma, Mingxiao

2018-03-15

Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) causes larval death and apiary collapse of Apis cerana. VP3 is a capsid protein of CSBV but its function is poorly understood. To determine the function of VP3 and screen for novel binding proteins that interact with VP3, we conducted yeast two-hybrid screening, glutathione S-transferase pull-down, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Galectin (GAL) is a protein involved in immune regulation and host-pathogen interactions. The yeast two-hybrid screen implicated GAL as a major VP3-binding candidate. The assays showed that the VP3 interacted with GAL. Identification of these cellular targets and clarifying their contributions to the host-pathogen interaction may be useful for the development of novel therapeutic and prevention strategies against CSBV infection. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A New Metazoan Recombination Rate Record and Consistently High Recombination Rates in the Honey Bee Genus Apis Accompanied by Frequent Inversions but Not Translocations.

PubMed

Rueppell, Olav; Kuster, Ryan; Miller, Katelyn; Fouks, Bertrand; Rubio Correa, Sara; Collazo, Juan; Phaincharoen, Mananya; Tingek, Salim; Koeniger, Nikolaus

2016-12-01

Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) far exceed the commonly observed 1–2 meiotic recombination events per chromosome and exhibit the highest Metazoan recombination rate (20 cM/Mb) described thus far. However, the reasons for this exceptional rate of recombination are not sufficiently understood. In a comparative study, we report on the newly constructed genomic linkage maps of Apis florea and Apis dorsata that represent the two honey bee lineages without recombination rate estimates so far. Each linkage map was generated de novo, based on SNP genotypes of haploid male offspring of a single female. The A. florea map spans 4,782 cM with 1,279 markers in 16 linkage groups. The A. dorsata map is 5,762 cM long and contains 1,189 markers in 16 linkage groups. Respectively, these map sizes result in average recombination rate estimates of 20.8 and 25.1 cM/Mb. Synteny analyses indicate that frequent intra-chromosomal rearrangements but no translocations among chromosomes accompany the high rates of recombination during the independent evolution of the three major honey bee lineages. Our results imply a common cause for the evolution of very high recombination rates in Apis. Our findings also suggest that frequent homologous recombination during meiosis might increase ectopic recombination and rearrangements within but not between chromosomes. It remains to be investigated whether the resulting inversions may have been important in the evolutionary differentiation between honey bee species.

Prime Contractors with Awards over $25,000 by Name, Location, and Contract Number. Part 7 (Technology Systems Inc, Wiscasset, Maine -- Zymark Corporation, Hopkinton, Massachusetts), FY1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

z V3 3z I .0J 0(. to0 0 ~ ml cci 0< ix F 3. l4 -I XI- 8 33 0 0 02~~ t; . 4L C0 3 w- = uc3 U (nl 3 C: go 0~~~ 3 8 t)0 0 0 C.)39. U 0 u3 F3 6i6t I -4 4...w cc~~- (n CI9- £. 4 1 6: 2) 2 0 - 1. w 9. W 423 u U .. ) w 0 ~ 4 acca CiC d x HH ul 1-4 H 1-4 HH OUR t- OD- =-4 m~ w ODI (’ S 000 D n01 0 IOD 0000 N...4W 0 F3 U9H -W) H .4. 0 m220 = C4 ix I C, gal 4 22 0~ 0 Ow. 0W". 0 ) U) 02 0 00 0 4 4 E .4 .4 w M 8 n2 0 0202402-02 蓤. 0. 2 2 .40 0 0 w Ld =) 8. Ca

Ada (Trademark) Training Curriculum. Software Engineering Methodologies M201 Teacher’s Guide. Volume 3.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

TRAINING CURRICULUM SOFTWARE 3/5’ENGNEERNG ETHODOLOGES 281 TEACHER’S GUIDE VOLMEU SOTC N TA A 96DA0 -3CK L(U) S F TECH INC ALTHAM MA 1986 DAAB9?-83-C...La. V)W V 0 W Wx ci >A. I- 8 0 x I- W L) 0 Z I- c 0.-ZW (n .w (x a. CLV 4 WZ0 o 0 W 1r 0 X 0 ZwI La. a) >1 0 ZU z W IA. 0 w W .... WW I 14-4D - Z 0 x...WWO= z (a~ I-- (i " c w m cal x Z w WW0.WW= woC-0ww cc Q z = lW"x w’-4ww 0 X=.-U ==L~lIl Ca- LUw w C. wow m ).i~ -4,C I -s-0. s- zwi LU -4 LU 0 LU W

Prime Contract Awards of $100,000 or More by Federal Supply Classification or Service Category and Purchasing Office, FY 85. Part 2 (6015 - K084).

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

0f’ ’ S U a. CL zi 4x L&J Z=O: C0Lj u o 2ow o w- a. -40fl00 L) m (A()C/)O< 0 N Aoww w 0) 000 LL. L U > 0 - >- )- - Nw > www ɜ w0 0 � 1...IM C _La..f to Un L. L - cE 3.) a -O 0- *.E -1 4- )L > EDX C 0 0- M1. 0 CC)O Cs aL)lwi C ia.- o .4 0__ afLa CU 04 C)> = =--4 CEU -00 _J3:- 0-4 CUa...01- a I WJ3 XXO>-400 0 ft > w U. w C0 w-w > > 0-40 0 -S-4 04m-W04- -- 4.4 >-0O. L.C m oouo LC. Z<L4i0W0030 X OOLa 4 w0 ww . www C-L W 0Zr W i W 0 -00 0

A circadian neuropeptide PDF in the honeybee, Apis mellifera: cDNA cloning and expression of mRNA.

PubMed

Sumiyoshi, Miho; Sato, Seiji; Takeda, Yukimasa; Sumida, Kazunori; Koga, Keita; Itoh, Tsunao; Nakagawa, Hiroyuki; Shimohigashi, Yasuyuki; Shimohigashi, Miki

2011-12-01

Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) is a pacemaker hormone regulating the locomotor rhythm in insects. In the present study, we cloned the cDNAs encoding the Apis PDF precursor protein, and found that there are at least seven different pdf mRNAs yielded by an alternative splicing site and five alternative polyadenylation sites in the 5'UTR and 3'UTR regions. The amino acid sequence of Apis PDF peptide has a characteristic novel amino acid residue, aspargine (Asn), at position 17. Quantitative real-time PCR of total and 5'UTR insertion-type pdf mRNAs revealed, for the first time, that the expression levels change in a circadian manner with a distinct trough at the beginning of night in LD conditions, and at the subjective night under DD conditions. In contrast, the expression level of 5'UTR deletion-type pdf mRNAs was about half of that of the insertion type, and the expression profile failed to show a circadian rhythm. As the expression profile of the total pdf mRNA exhibited a circadian rhythm, transcription regulated at the promoter region was supposed to be controlled by some of the clock components. Whole mount in situ hybridization revealed that 14 lateral neurons at the frontal margin of the optic lobe express these mRNA isoforms. PDF expressing cells examined with a newly produced antibody raised against Apis PDF were also found to have a dense supply of axon terminals in the optic lobes and the central brain.

Elliptic Solvers for Mediterranean Sea Ocean Modeling,

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-01

KWSP =21*(112+2*21+6) C PARAMETER (NX=IH-2, NY=JHS-2, KQ=NY*((NX+7)/4+1)+(NY+3)/2+8) 9C DOUBLE PRECISION AX,AY,AC(KH),ACKL DIMENSION HD(IH,JH),HT(IH...JH),RS(IH,JH) C COMMON/BV/ W1(IH,JHS),W2(IH,JHS),W3(IH,JHS),W4(IH,JHS) DOUBLE PRECISION WQ DIMENSION MAP(IH,JHS),WQ(JHS,5),WC( KWSP ) EQUIVALENCE (W1(1...AND ALL OTHER MODES C ( TYPICALLY MXKC1 .GE. MXKC2 .GE .MXKC3 ), C MXKC3 = MAX SIZE OF CV FOR RESTART T.S. C ( TYPICALLY MXKC3 = MXKP*3 ). C KWSP

47 CFR 15.703 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... database or spectrum sensing. (b) Client device. A TVBD operating in client mode. (c) Client mode. An... TVBD is able to select a channel itself based on a list provided by the database and initiate a network... does not require use of a geo-location capability or access to the TV bands database and requires...

Subcontracting Opportunities with DoD Major Prime Contractors

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

W 0in W(wL W -4L-0 M I 0cr0 mix C/(/7 - I.- > ’-4 m 031 #-4W#-t uW <F-4"- ..J 1-107 1-- C4(/ 01 1--W1- zz1- -Zj x wJ3- w Z< c D~ MM-J -J=L0 -J I.-w...W) La4mN04 W C4 t- 24C𔃾 XɜN WZO) -c44 WI CCCC4 x--cc-W 4C-4 "e 5-4C- dC[Jo hLX-4 WZ.X 4 m0-I xx-Iq -X.-4 maC) kfC -M- >0CLo -Ji r n WOC CU O (nCl)Ut...zc U)C aJ 0 z U) -4 1-’CI 4 0. -4N C 0C 00 4 .0_4 004n cc -400 WI 2-’ o WI2W -Z- 0 =~ I)4 0 W n IdT M1 0 . 01-4 1 . 1 -4 W 3z) 1.41 I U) i 0-00 Mix

Apyrase (Nucleoside Triphosphate-Diphosphohydrolase) and Extracellular Nucleotides Regulate Cotton Fiber Elongation in Cultured Ovules1[W][OA

PubMed Central

Clark, Greg; Torres, Jonathan; Finlayson, Scott; Guan, Xueying; Handley, Craig; Lee, Jinsuk; Kays, Julia E.; Chen, Z. Jeffery; Roux, Stanley J.

2010-01-01

Ectoapyrase enzymes remove the terminal phosphate from extracellular nucleoside tri- and diphosphates. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), two ectoapyrases, AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, have been implicated as key modulators of growth. In fibers of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), transcript levels for GhAPY1 and GhAPY2, two closely related ectoapyrases that have high sequence similarity to AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, are up-regulated when fibers enter their rapid growth phase. In an ovule culture system, fibers release ATP as they grow, and when their ectoapyrase activity is blocked by the addition of polyclonal anti-apyrase antibodies or by two different small molecule inhibitors, the medium ATP level rises and fiber growth is suppressed. High concentrations of the poorly hydrolyzable nucleotides ATPγS and ADPβS applied to the medium inhibit fiber growth, and low concentrations of them stimulate growth, but treatment with adenosine 5′-O-thiomonophosphate causes no change in the growth rate. Both the inhibition and stimulation of growth by applied nucleotides can be blocked by an antagonist that blocks purinoceptors in animal cells, and by adenosine. Treatment of cotton ovule cultures with ATPγS induces increased levels of ethylene, and two ethylene antagonists, aminovinylglycine and silver nitrate, block both the growth stimulatory and growth inhibitory effects of applied nucleotides. In addition, the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, lowers the concentration of nucleotide needed to promote fiber growth. These data indicate that ectoapyrases and extracellular nucleotides play a significant role in regulating cotton fiber growth and that ethylene is a likely downstream component of the signaling pathway. PMID:20018604

Thermal Properties of Soils.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-23

0,4 5 I0I - .. 0q-* ’ lA ’ ..... + .+c "+ I’ - ..... o- o.i ...... ,o, +, ,r,,, " + .. : - ’ Z oA - I I 3) U , m£.XISITING NVESTIGAT O t~f3I -- ~ j0...CM LU J -- CD_ _j W LUJ LA w w L&L j i" - ~ a &UCLU& c) I- LW CCD C-, .- I = i- -CC cm I ~. CIO) LU wo wU w-ou _ I_ z ~- = CM LU W CD J -CC -C 0...C Ca .4C~ -~ C4 a, a= Z - C. a :; C2 2__ LA Lw -A LLU 3M ’U - = K - ~~~_ L*~jJJhJ & un C.4 -u LU I CLO -A -L _ L C3 m 2I- LL = ’e =𔃾i 2 ac Ca _ - _J

Phage display of the serpin alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor randomized at consecutive residues in the reactive centre loop and biopanned with or without thrombin.

PubMed

Scott, Benjamin M; Matochko, Wadim L; Gierczak, Richard F; Bhakta, Varsha; Derda, Ratmir; Sheffield, William P

2014-01-01

In spite of the power of phage display technology to identify variant proteins with novel properties in large libraries, it has only been previously applied to one member of the serpin superfamily. Here we describe phage display of human alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) in a T7 bacteriophage system. API M358R fused to the C-terminus of T7 capsid protein 10B was directly shown to form denaturation-resistant complexes with thrombin by electrophoresis and immunoblotting following exposure of intact phages to thrombin. We therefore developed a biopanning protocol in which thrombin-reactive phages were selected using biotinylated anti-thrombin antibodies and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. A library consisting of displayed API randomized at residues 357 and 358 (P2-P1) yielded predominantly Pro-Arg at these positions after five rounds of thrombin selection; in contrast the same degree of mock selection yielded only non-functional variants. A more diverse library of API M358R randomized at residues 352-356 (P7-P3) was also probed, yielding numerous variants fitting a loose consensus of DLTVS as judged by sequencing of the inserts of plaque-purified phages. The thrombin-selected sequences were transferred en masse into bacterial expression plasmids, and lysates from individual colonies were screening for API-thrombin complexing. The most active candidates from this sixth round of screening contained DITMA and AAFVS at P7-P3 and inhibited thrombin 2.1-fold more rapidly than API M358R with no change in reaction stoichiometry. Deep sequencing using the Ion Torrent platform confirmed that over 800 sequences were significantly enriched in the thrombin-panned versus naïve phage display library, including some detected using the combined phage display/bacterial lysate screening approach. Our results show that API joins Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as a serpin amenable to phage display and suggest the utility of this approach for the selection of "designer serpins" with novel reactivity and/or specificity.

Phage Display of the Serpin Alpha-1 Proteinase Inhibitor Randomized at Consecutive Residues in the Reactive Centre Loop and Biopanned with or without Thrombin

PubMed Central

Scott, Benjamin M.; Matochko, Wadim L.; Gierczak, Richard F.; Bhakta, Varsha; Derda, Ratmir; Sheffield, William P.

2014-01-01

In spite of the power of phage display technology to identify variant proteins with novel properties in large libraries, it has only been previously applied to one member of the serpin superfamily. Here we describe phage display of human alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (API) in a T7 bacteriophage system. API M358R fused to the C-terminus of T7 capsid protein 10B was directly shown to form denaturation-resistant complexes with thrombin by electrophoresis and immunoblotting following exposure of intact phages to thrombin. We therefore developed a biopanning protocol in which thrombin-reactive phages were selected using biotinylated anti-thrombin antibodies and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. A library consisting of displayed API randomized at residues 357 and 358 (P2–P1) yielded predominantly Pro-Arg at these positions after five rounds of thrombin selection; in contrast the same degree of mock selection yielded only non-functional variants. A more diverse library of API M358R randomized at residues 352–356 (P7–P3) was also probed, yielding numerous variants fitting a loose consensus of DLTVS as judged by sequencing of the inserts of plaque-purified phages. The thrombin-selected sequences were transferred en masse into bacterial expression plasmids, and lysates from individual colonies were screening for API-thrombin complexing. The most active candidates from this sixth round of screening contained DITMA and AAFVS at P7–P3 and inhibited thrombin 2.1-fold more rapidly than API M358R with no change in reaction stoichiometry. Deep sequencing using the Ion Torrent platform confirmed that over 800 sequences were significantly enriched in the thrombin-panned versus naïve phage display library, including some detected using the combined phage display/bacterial lysate screening approach. Our results show that API joins Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as a serpin amenable to phage display and suggest the utility of this approach for the selection of “designer serpins” with novel reactivity and/or specificity. PMID:24427287

The JANA calibrations and conditions database API

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lawrence, David

2010-04-01

Calibrations and conditions databases can be accessed from within the JANA Event Processing framework through the API defined in its JCalibration base class. The API is designed to support everything from databases, to web services to flat files for the backend. A Web Service backend using the gSOAP toolkit has been implemented which is particularly interesting since it addresses many modern cybersecurity issues including support for SSL. The API allows constants to be retrieved through a single line of C++ code with most of the context, including the transport mechanism, being implied by the run currently being analyzed and the environment relieving developers from implementing such details.

Department of the Navy Justification of Estimates FY 1991 Budget Estimates Submitted to Congress January 1990, Operation & Maintenance, Navy. Book 1. Budget Activity 1. Strategic Forces. Budget Activity 2. General Purpose Forces. Budget Activity 3. Intelligence & Communications. Budget Activity 4. Airlift and Sealift.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

W a jwý 0 c! l U) to 0 C: C3 tdl &-j 𔃺 10 0 r r -" .-4GJ -4 w 4-𔃼w w .- 4 W &a’’ 0 󈧰 0 >1V) ( td ’- ~u 0 4 b W -4 a)i 0 1l-4 a, .. n (I = 0 -4 ý...to0 d)r- $4. 0)0 r. cd .,-~~ 4 C:s o a) (n44E-𔃺C W 0. 44CLH td c~ - 0ý 0r a;i w-4’-4 0’r0.. 12O4’w.. X-.41m C0) en (d 3)b-%- u s~~ -40r n 0- 1 0 0...c- ~ Li * to wC~C 0’~ -4 L)CrO0-40 CLTý -4 14 CLU L> w)i VQ. V) Li)- td -III.- 0 U -4 W ed Q C U - H bOC E 0 w u -𔃾 r-4 w &J.- w 4 0-I kw -H = IV -4

Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Air Carriers

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-31

0 I - ; C o W’ ) 0 (N 1 0 1 04 CK0 I ! 1n 1 n wvco mL C o0 N 10 10 o-. ".C4C U,- Wi. W W W WWW W W WLi W W W WW W W W W4 WE>C . . .2IL .J .8L... fr 0; 0; 0 ow 0- <--. go w - w in ’A ID F (b 01 0 C’) m) 0DN I N 0 ’ 0D 8D mn 0D 0 0 N 0n I co Go VD V V1C) I D D 0 Cm 0 0f 0 01 N I 01 In in wD (D - 0...6 _- 5 6 3 z 5Z 6j -6 6 V) 0) 2.9 U) U) 14 (A*~ 09 (A~ 2)4 U ~ U ’n U A I ( 0 0 0 0 ) L A 0 0 0 0 In !;ZI W W WJW JW W wW w3 W WWW WJ I- W _c.j z 39

47 CFR 61.46 - Adjustments to the API.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Adjustments to the API. 61.46 Section 61.46... Rules for Dominant Carriers § 61.46 Adjustments to the API. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and... cap local exchange carrier must calculate an API for each affected basket pursuant to the following...

47 CFR 61.46 - Adjustments to the API.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Adjustments to the API. 61.46 Section 61.46... Rules for Dominant Carriers § 61.46 Adjustments to the API. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and... cap local exchange carrier must calculate an API for each affected basket pursuant to the following...

47 CFR 61.46 - Adjustments to the API.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Adjustments to the API. 61.46 Section 61.46... Rules for Dominant Carriers § 61.46 Adjustments to the API. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and... cap local exchange carrier must calculate an API for each affected basket pursuant to the following...

47 CFR 61.46 - Adjustments to the API.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Adjustments to the API. 61.46 Section 61.46... Rules for Dominant Carriers § 61.46 Adjustments to the API. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and... carrier must calculate an API for each affected basket pursuant to the following methodology: APIt = APIt...

47 CFR 61.46 - Adjustments to the API.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Adjustments to the API. 61.46 Section 61.46... Rules for Dominant Carriers § 61.46 Adjustments to the API. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (d) and... cap local exchange carrier must calculate an API for each affected basket pursuant to the following...

Role of the Wasp Venom Peptide Mastoparan in the Study of Mechanisms Involved in Cell Death

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-08-23

The vespid venom, unlike the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) venom, has phospholipase B in addition to phospholipase A2 , proteases, and the peptide...Olson, F.C., D. Munjal, and A.N. Malviya. 1974. structural and respiratory effects of melittin ( apis mellifera ) on rat liver mitochondria. Toxicon...M.D. and A.R. Bridges. 1982. Catechclamines in honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) and various vespid (hymenoptera) venoms. Toxicon 20: 1075-1084. Reinert, M

ANTP Protocol Suite Software Implementation Architecture in Python

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-06-03

a popular platform of networking programming, an area in which C has traditionally dominated. 2 NetController AeroRP AeroNP AeroNP API AeroTP...visualisation of the running system. For example using the Google Maps API , the main logging web page can show all the running nodes in the system. By...communication between AeroNP and AeroRP and runs on the operating system as daemon. Furthermore, it creates an API interface to mange the communication between

Minimizing marker mass and handling time when attaching radio-transmitters and geolocators to small songbirds

USGS Publications Warehouse

Streby, Henry M.; McAllister, Tara L.; Peterson, Sean M.; Kramer, Gunnar R.; Lehman, Justin A.; Andersen, David E.

2015-01-01

Radio-transmitters and light-level geolocators are currently small enough for use on songbirds weighing <15 g. Various methods are used to attach these markers to larger songbirds, but with small birds it becomes especially important to minimize marker mass and bird handling time. Here, we offer modifications to harness materials and marker preparation for transmitters and geolocators, and we describe deployment methods that can be safely completed in 20–60 s per bird. We describe a 0.5-mm elastic sewing thread harness for radio-transmitters that allows nestlings, fledglings, and adults to be marked with the same harness size and reliably falls off to avoid poststudy effects. We also describe a 0.5-mm jewelry cord harness for geolocators that provides a firm fit for >1 yr. Neither harness type requires plastic or metal tubes, rings, or other attachment fixtures on the marker, nor do they require crimping beads, epoxy, scissors, or tying knots while handling birds. Both harnesses add 0.03 g to the mass of markers for small wood-warblers (Parulidae). This minimal additional mass is offset by trimming transmitter antennas or geolocator connection nodes, resulting in no net mass gain for transmitters and 0.02 g added for geolocators compared with conventional harness methods that add >0.40 g. We and others have used this transmitter attachment method with several small songbird species, with no effects on adult and fledgling behavior and survival. We have used this geolocator attachment method on 9-g wood-warblers with no effects on return rates, return dates, territory fidelity, and body mass. We hope that these improvements to the design and deployment of the leg-loop harness method will enable the safe and successful use of these markers, and eventually GPS and other tags, on similarly small songbirds.

Chimeras of Bet v 1 and Api g 1 reveal heterogeneous IgE responses in patients with birch pollen allergy

PubMed Central

Gepp, Barbara; Lengger, Nina; Bublin, Merima; Hemmer, Wolfgang; Breiteneder, Heimo; Radauer, Christian

2014-01-01

Background Characterization of IgE-binding epitopes of allergens and determination of their patient-specific relevance is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy. Objective We sought to assess the contribution of specific surface areas of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1.0101 to binding IgE of individual patients. Methods Four distinct areas of Bet v 1 representing in total 81% of its surface were grafted onto the scaffold of its homolog, Api g 1.0101, to yield the chimeras Api-Bet-1 to Api-Bet-4. The chimeras were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. IgE binding of 64 sera from Bet v 1–sensitized subjects with birch pollen allergy was determined by using direct ELISA. Specificity was assessed by means of inhibition ELISA. Results rApi g 1.0101, Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4 bound IgE from 44%, 89%, 80%, 78%, and 48% of the patients, respectively. By comparing the amount of IgE binding to the chimeras and to rApi g 1.0101, 81%, 70%, 75%, and 45% of the patients showed significantly enhanced IgE binding to Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4, respectively. The minority (8%) of the sera revealed enhanced IgE binding exclusively to a single chimera, whereas 31% showed increased IgE binding to all 4 chimeras compared with rApi g 1.0101. The chimeras inhibited up to 70% of IgE binding to rBet v 1.0101, confirming the specific IgE recognition of the grafted regions. Conclusion The Bet v 1–specific IgE response is polyclonal, and epitopes are spread across the entire Bet v 1 surface. Furthermore, the IgE recognition profile of Bet v 1 is highly patient specific. PMID:24529686

Chimeras of Bet v 1 and Api g 1 reveal heterogeneous IgE responses in patients with birch pollen allergy.

PubMed

Gepp, Barbara; Lengger, Nina; Bublin, Merima; Hemmer, Wolfgang; Breiteneder, Heimo; Radauer, Christian

2014-07-01

Characterization of IgE-binding epitopes of allergens and determination of their patient-specific relevance is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of allergy. We sought to assess the contribution of specific surface areas of the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1.0101 to binding IgE of individual patients. Four distinct areas of Bet v 1 representing in total 81% of its surface were grafted onto the scaffold of its homolog, Api g 1.0101, to yield the chimeras Api-Bet-1 to Api-Bet-4. The chimeras were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. IgE binding of 64 sera from Bet v 1-sensitized subjects with birch pollen allergy was determined by using direct ELISA. Specificity was assessed by means of inhibition ELISA. rApi g 1.0101, Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4 bound IgE from 44%, 89%, 80%, 78%, and 48% of the patients, respectively. By comparing the amount of IgE binding to the chimeras and to rApi g 1.0101, 81%, 70%, 75%, and 45% of the patients showed significantly enhanced IgE binding to Api-Bet-1, Api-Bet-2, Api-Bet-3, and Api-Bet-4, respectively. The minority (8%) of the sera revealed enhanced IgE binding exclusively to a single chimera, whereas 31% showed increased IgE binding to all 4 chimeras compared with rApi g 1.0101. The chimeras inhibited up to 70% of IgE binding to rBet v 1.0101, confirming the specific IgE recognition of the grafted regions. The Bet v 1-specific IgE response is polyclonal, and epitopes are spread across the entire Bet v 1 surface. Furthermore, the IgE recognition profile of Bet v 1 is highly patient specific. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chalkbrood disease in honey bees

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Chalkbrood is an invasive mycosis in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) produced by Ascosphaera apis (Maassen ex Claussen) Olive and Spiltoir (Spiltoir, 1955) that exclusively affects bee brood. Although fatal to individual larvae, the disease does not usually destroy an entire bee colony. However, it c...

Effect of API-1 and FR180204 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human DLD-1 and LoVo colorectal cancer cells

PubMed Central

Saglam, Atiye Seda Yar; Alp, Ebru; Elmazoglu, Zubeyir; Menevse, Emine Sevda

2016-01-01

The activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (Akt) and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways are implicated in the majority of cancers. Selective inhibition of Akt and ERK represents a potential approach for cancer therapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of the novel and selective Akt inhibitor 4-amino-5,8-dihydro-5-oxo-8-β-D-ribofuranosyl-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (API-1) and selective ERK1/2 inhibitor FR180204 (FR) alone and in combination on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (DLD-1 and LoVo). In addition, the effects of API-1 and FR on Akt and ERK signaling pathways were also investigated. The effects of the agents on DLD-1 and LoVo cells were evaluated in terms of cell viability, cytotoxicity, DNA synthesis rate, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity levels. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were performed to examine relevant mRNA and protein levels. The present study observed that the combination of FR with API-1 resulted in significant apoptosis and cytotoxicity compared with any single agent alone in a time-dependent manner in these cells. Also, treatment with FR and API-1 in combination decreased the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), Bcl-2-like1, cyclin D1 and cMYC, and increased the expression levels of BCL2-associated X protein and BCL2 antagonist/killer via phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated ERK1/2 downregulation. The combination of Akt and ERK1/2 inhibitors resulted in enhanced apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects against CRC cells. The present study hypothesizes that the combination of FR and API-1 in CRC cells may contribute toward potential anti-carcinogenic effects. Additional analyses using other cancer cell lines and animal models are required to confirm these findings in vitro and in vivo. PMID:27698814

Effect of API-1 and FR180204 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human DLD-1 and LoVo colorectal cancer cells.

PubMed

Saglam, Atiye Seda Yar; Alp, Ebru; Elmazoglu, Zubeyir; Menevse, Emine Sevda

2016-10-01

The activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (Akt) and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways are implicated in the majority of cancers. Selective inhibition of Akt and ERK represents a potential approach for cancer therapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of the novel and selective Akt inhibitor 4-amino-5,8-dihydro-5-oxo-8-β-D-ribofuranosyl-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide (API-1) and selective ERK1/2 inhibitor FR180204 (FR) alone and in combination on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (DLD-1 and LoVo). In addition, the effects of API-1 and FR on Akt and ERK signaling pathways were also investigated. The effects of the agents on DLD-1 and LoVo cells were evaluated in terms of cell viability, cytotoxicity, DNA synthesis rate, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity levels. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were performed to examine relevant mRNA and protein levels. The present study observed that the combination of FR with API-1 resulted in significant apoptosis and cytotoxicity compared with any single agent alone in a time-dependent manner in these cells. Also, treatment with FR and API-1 in combination decreased the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), Bcl-2-like1, cyclin D1 and cMYC, and increased the expression levels of BCL2-associated X protein and BCL2 antagonist/killer via phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated ERK1/2 downregulation. The combination of Akt and ERK1/2 inhibitors resulted in enhanced apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects against CRC cells. The present study hypothesizes that the combination of FR and API-1 in CRC cells may contribute toward potential anti-carcinogenic effects. Additional analyses using other cancer cell lines and animal models are required to confirm these findings in vitro and in vivo .

Risk analysis of heat recovery steam generator with semi quantitative risk based inspection API 581

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prayogo, Galang Sandy; Haryadi, Gunawan Dwi; Ismail, Rifky; Kim, Seon Jin

2016-04-01

Corrosion is a major problem that most often occurs in the power plant. Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is an equipment that has a high risk to the power plant. The impact of corrosion damage causing HRSG power plant stops operating. Furthermore, it could be threaten the safety of employees. The Risk Based Inspection (RBI) guidelines by the American Petroleum Institute (API) 58 has been used to risk analysis in the HRSG 1. By using this methodology, the risk that caused by unexpected failure as a function of the probability and consequence of failure can be estimated. This paper presented a case study relating to the risk analysis in the HRSG, starting with a summary of the basic principles and procedures of risk assessment and applying corrosion RBI for process industries. The risk level of each HRSG equipment were analyzed: HP superheater has a medium high risk (4C), HP evaporator has a medium-high risk (4C), and the HP economizer has a medium risk (3C). The results of the risk assessment using semi-quantitative method of standard API 581 based on the existing equipment at medium risk. In the fact, there is no critical problem in the equipment components. Damage mechanisms were prominent throughout the equipment is thinning mechanism. The evaluation of the risk approach was done with the aim of reducing risk by optimizing the risk assessment activities.

49 CFR 195.307 - Pressure testing aboveground breakout tanks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... aboveground breakout tanks. (a) For aboveground breakout tanks built into API Specification 12F and first placed in service after October 2, 2000, pneumatic testing must be in accordance with section 5.3 of API Specification 12 F (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) For aboveground breakout tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.307 - Pressure testing aboveground breakout tanks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... aboveground breakout tanks. (a) For aboveground breakout tanks built into API Specification 12F and first placed in service after October 2, 2000, pneumatic testing must be in accordance with section 5.3 of API Specification 12 F (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) For aboveground breakout tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.307 - Pressure testing aboveground breakout tanks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... aboveground breakout tanks. (a) For aboveground breakout tanks built into API Specification 12F and first placed in service after October 2, 2000, pneumatic testing must be in accordance with section 5.3 of API Specification 12 F (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) For aboveground breakout tanks built to API...

49 CFR 195.307 - Pressure testing aboveground breakout tanks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... aboveground breakout tanks. (a) For aboveground breakout tanks built into API Specification 12F and first placed in service after October 2, 2000, pneumatic testing must be in accordance with section 5.3 of API Specification 12 F (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) For aboveground breakout tanks built to API...

Derivation and Analysis of the Complete Nonlinear Dynamical Equations of the MICOM Stabilized Mirror System

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-09-09

B2 + mp (P2 Cp) + .2 + sJ 1 + [other terms in Equation (91)]. (160)󈧅Gw2 The equation for f3 is obtained from Equations (106), (153), and (154...34 ’ 56 L R C W3 󈧇 C 2 p "I =W6 1, 1 (W2 U) R C 12 2 R 2 C W22=f. 2 -w MG 0G 𔃽 WS3 bpP 1 G" e G B p c4 1 w C l c2 =(MI + V2)-i {-CM sgfl b NMbM + rM[K

Integrative Advanced Oxidation and Biofiltration for Treating Pharmaceuticals in Wastewater.

PubMed

Lester, Yaal; Aga, Diana S; Love, Nancy G; Singh, Randolph R; Morrissey, Ian; Linden, Karl G

2016-11-01

  Advanced oxidation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in wastewater produces transformation products (TPs) that are often more biodegradable than the parent compounds. Secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant was treated using UV-based advanced oxidation (LPUV/H2O2 and MPUV/NO3) followed by biological aerated filtration (BAF), and different APIs and their transformation products were monitored. The advanced oxidation processes degraded the APIs by 55-87% (LPUV/H2O2) and 58-95% (MPUV/NO3), while minor loss of APIs was achieved in the downstream BAF system. Eleven TPs were detected following oxidation of carbamazepine (5) and iopromide (6); three key TPs were biodegraded in the BAF system. The other TPs remained relatively constant in the BAF. The decrease in UV absorbance (UVA254) of the effluent in the BAF system was linearly correlated to the degradation of the APIs (for the MPUV/NO3-BAF), and can be applied to monitor the biotransformation of APIs in biological-based systems.

Geotrichum candidum link 1809: hydrolases activity and own method of digestive tract strains biotyping.

PubMed

Kurnatowska, A; Białasiewicz, D

2001-01-01

Hydrolase activity of (enzymograms, biotypes) in Geotrichum candidum, one of the poorly described pathogenic fungi, was studied 81 strains were isolated from oral cavity and faeces of patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders. Axenic strains were differentiated with API 20C Aux and API ZYM tests. Then, enzymograms and biotypes were determined for all strains based on the activity of 19 hydrolases. High variability of enzymograms (17 different types) was found. The highest activity was noted in case of: e2 - alkaline phosphatase, e6 - leucine arylamidase, e11 - acid phosphatase. E5 - lipase, e7 - valine arylamidase, e12 - naphtol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and e17 - beta-glucosidase were used for biotyping procedures. Our own system of biotyping of 81 strains of G. candidum was based on the mathematical binominal distribution formula (1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1) - all "+"; one "-", three "+"; two "two "+"; three "-", one "+"; all "-". We have found: A (11.1 +/- 3.5%), BI (6.17 +/- 2.67%), B2 (1.23 +/- 1.22%), B4 (4.94 +/- 2.41%), C, (1.23 +/-1.22%), C3 (63.0 +/- 5.4%), D2 (9.88 +/-3.31%), D3 (2.47 +/- 1.72%). Among all strains from 8 various biotypes of G. candidum.

Cryogenic Liquid Experiments in Orbit. Volume 2. Bubble Mechanics, Boiling Heat Transfer, and Propellant Tank Venting in a Zero-Gravity Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

1966-12-01

26] /2 where equals b 2g Ap/y. Note that subscripts on W indicate dif- ferentiation. If one were to solve Eq [26] by finite differences , the re- sults...of f only requires about 0.5-minute machine time. Finite difference solutions are generated using dependent variables V and Q where: V - W Q = [29...of heat transfer rate and the migration of bubbles in the bulk liq- uid in low gravity. Assuming that the bubble might depart from the heating

Supplementing with vitamin C the diet of honeybees (Apis mellifera carnica) parasitized with Varroa destructor: effects on antioxidative status.

PubMed

Farjan, Marek; Łopieńska-Biernat, Elżbieta; Lipiński, Zbigniew; Dmitryjuk, Małgorzata; Żółtowska, Krystyna

2014-05-01

We studied a total of eight developmental stages of capped brood and newly emerged workers of Apis mellifera carnica colonies naturally parasitized with Varroa destructor. During winter and early spring four colonies were fed syrup containing 1.8 mg vitamin C kg(-1) (ascorbic acid group; group AA) while four colonies were fed syrup without the vitamin C (control group C). Selected elements of the antioxidative system were analysed including total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione content and antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase). Body weight, protein content and indices of infestation were also determined. The prevalence (8.11%) and intensity (1·15 parasite per bee) of the infestation were lower in group AA compared with group C (11.3% and 1.21, respectively). Changes in the indicators of antioxidative stress were evidence for the strengthening of the antioxidative system in the brood by administration of vitamin C. In freshly emerged worker bees of group AA, despite the infestation, protein content, TAS, and the activity of all antioxidative enzymes had significantly higher values in relation to group C.

Prime Contract Awards Alphabetically by Contractor, by State or Country, and Place, Fiscal Year 1985. Part 7 (Electronic Methods Assoc - Freshour Construction Co Inc).

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-01-01

COWWW COW WWW cOWcOWWWtq (n MO I ~~0r.-I-------------------------W 5-5 I UJ I 4 CN I -(0)WN0I0N5-4N-4C0c0-0(?.04,-W0r-0)NWN 4 :X0oc(0 ( 0 04 0 0 0 )ON...044444000Co 000040 WOOJ )(0 .4 W~44 ~ 00C-4, 4 4 fr wO ~4- W�oo w0o0( 0L44 CI.Z Cfa0-434 00 4.ZZU.La.LL~Al 42E 400) 40000oZ22 nzz2z zo0 I-1 3w Ia. WL...vo 0I’. 4 3 I ’ c mi 3*. 34Nco100 1-(3 1-4.4 3-00)1)3- - 3 -44 m 341030 3 n cc -4 04)~0 Rt qt -0 V 4 CC C1 1 0 =OOOO(0( -I W.*qt.*4 ce 0 m34 ( 4 www

Identification of clinically relevant Corynebacterium strains by Api Coryne, MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometry and molecular approaches.

PubMed

Alibi, S; Ferjani, A; Gaillot, O; Marzouk, M; Courcol, R; Boukadida, J

2015-09-01

We evaluated the Bruker Biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) for the identification of 97 Corynebacterium clinical in comparison to identification strains by Api Coryne and MALDI-TOF-MS using 16S rRNA gene and hypervariable region of rpoB genes sequencing as a reference method. C. striatum was the predominant species isolated followed by C. amycolatum. There was an agreement between Api Coryne strips and MALDI-TOF-MS identification in 88.65% of cases. MALDI-TOF-MS was unable to differentiate C. aurimucosum from C. minutissimum and C. minutissimum from C. singulare but reliably identify 92 of 97 (94.84%) strains. Two strains remained incompletely identified to the species level by MALDI-TOF-MS and molecular approaches. They belonged to Cellulomonas and Pseudoclavibacter genus. In conclusion, MALDI-TOF-MS is a rapid and reliable method for the identification of Corynebacterium species. However, some limits have been noted and have to be resolved by the application of molecular methods. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier SAS.

Archeological Excavations at Two Prehistoric Campsites Near Keystone Dam, El Paso, Texas.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-07-19

LA Cl) en n en eneM 260 E-a~ 4) V I-II 1-44- 060 0 C.L 0 0. 0. U . 0 0 c 4-. 4-1 b ) 4- 0 0)b Z- c. Vd c*1. ) 1- . - -c*1 -* -4 *d d-,I -bo~ -I . as4...2 17n33w 4 1 2311 flk 3 17n33w 0 2 2017 f1k 2 17n33w 5 5 2326 fUk 3 10sl4w 5 2 2017 f1k 3 17n33w 5 4 2328 fUk 2 10sl4w 7 2 2018 flk 3 17n33w 6 1

Multi-Robot Systems in Military Domains (Les Systemes Multi-Robots Dans les Domaines Militaires)

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-12-01

to allow him to react quickly to improve his personal safety , it is mandatory to shorten the current very long delay needed for the human operator to...Hard RT tasks 2 OS / API Process monitoring 3 H / API Flexible communication medium 4 H / API Networking capabilities 5 H / API Safety 6 API...also be considered between high level services and legacy systems. 4) This is the one of the basic requirement for CoRoDe. 5) Safety : CRC, Timeouts

Application of Mahler measure theory to the face-centred cubic lattice Green function at the origin and its associated logarithmic integral

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joyce, G. S.

2012-07-01

The mathematical properties of the face-centred cubic lattice Green function \\begin{equation*} \\fl G(w) \\equiv {1\\over {\\pi ^3}}\\int _{0}^{\\pi }\\int _{0}^{\\pi }\\int _{0}^{\\pi } {{d\\theta _1\\,d\\theta _2\\,d\\theta _3}\\over {w-c(\\theta _1)\\,c(\\theta _2)- c(\\theta _2)\\,c(\\theta _3)-c(\\theta _3)\\,c(\\theta _1)}} \\end{equation*} and the associated logarithmic integral \\begin{eqnarray*} \\fl S(w) \\equiv {1\\over {\\pi ^3}}\\int _{0}^{\\pi }\\int _{0}^{\\pi }\\int _{0}^{\\pi } \\ln [ w-c(\\theta _1)\\,c(\\theta _2)-c(\\theta _2)\\,c(\\theta _3)\

Sol-gel transition behavior of aqueous peptide-amphiphile (C16-W3K) solutions: effects of alkyl-tail length, mechanical shear, temperature, and salt

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamamoto, Masashi; Otsuka, Takahiro; Orimo, Yoshinori; Maeda, Tomoki; Hotta, Atsushi

Peptide amphiphiles (PA) possess nanoscale micelle structures and excellent biocompatibility. In aqueous PA solution, PA molecules can self-assemble through various configurations into spherical and wormlike micelles, which can occasionally form hydrogels. C16-W3K is one of the unique PA, whose micelle configurations can transfer from spherical to wormlike structures in its aqueous solution over time, while the wormlike micelles could also lead to gelation. In our recent research, the effects of the length of the hydrophobic alkyl tail and other external factors of C16-W3K on the gelation behavior of the C16-W3K solution have been discussed. It has been revealed that longer alkyl-tails could facilitate the gelation of the C16-W3K solution, and that the external stimuli, such as mechanical shear and heat, could promote faster gelation of the C16-W3K solution. It was also found that salt could adjust the pH of the C16-W3K solution, having profound influence on the gelation behavior of the C16-W3K solution. In fact, the gelation of the C16-W3K with a higher storage modulus could be obtained from relatively acidic solutions, while the gelation of the C16-W3K solution was firmly suppressed in highly basic solutions. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (No. 15H02298 to A.H.) and a Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up (No.15H06586 to T.M.) from JSPS: KAKENHI.

Dollar Summary of Prime Contract Awards by Contractor, State or Country, and Place. Part 3 (E&E Reisen - Hiawatha Rubber Co)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

w ui 3j W3A b a w ww w w u i U j L A u a w Wa 4*to a o a N C4 anL (a "Cc cm em an a aD a A a GOO F6 46 404 S. >0 I.J man com 04 R 12 CM e4cc ~ m I...I WC: I co r aCCa 001 I-I 0. 0 NCJ o #1.U0 1-- 44 4 -4W C )C (JN -4~y 001 4 4 1I~ C’I1- mmcoco 44 I I. 4 C . a I- U. >- -4.- 010 00 - 1 . Za -C 4 vm...6W1-6z x. z-z- U~.L 4c -C I.--.4- z~L L W~mm 09~ ac -4- U..CI -I io ACLZ 0 U 3 0 0 (0 62 0 z I. zzz (A 6 000 Csd 314" 6 6 CA (ft 4.WU U . U A F4 F6 I I

Prime Contract Awards Alphabetically by Contractor, by State or Country, and Place, FY 88. Part 11. (International Corporation-La Ronda)

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

0 0 cau ( 5 . 4A 0 . d) - W 0 4Ao 0 C00 C -4 43 CL ..4 430 o m 0 ... 0 - CL- W 4 3 U 0 0c- 0 CI 0 -4 m. 43. 03 4 5 . 0 00 ’. C 43 S -4 Sn aW ’- 4 0 4 . 0 < _4 0 4w E E -4 - 06 M4 mW cc 5 . 0 4W .o . 0 2~. ~ c .= 0 >1 0 E3 2... 0 0 003 N, *- to C) 0 N4 U 4 -% -m U 0 -4 .-.4 3 C 4 -40 0

Prime Contract Awards Over $25,000 by Major System, Contractor and State Part 2 (AVG NAVY-SMR NAVY)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

0 oo0 C) C11 in LA -40w’ I (w -4 N’(. N wO C’-4 4 Go I I I I 5 C- LiCl I m -4 . -40 4 9. C 4,44 44to CL 0 -4 0 -4 Ei EE 0 . Ein % - ) O -Oa W> 444 Pn...3t1, U൰ 4C’J -4)C 0 ) U) 0 0 )M.-4-40-04" I4 Z 7-Ci M’ N N00 C D -4 -4I-4Z4 3:JU I )-( C13- 0 3 )000f 0 ’U) in in i "~ 0 -a < 101ui0 5 -4 O L)- 0 ...M4)u . 0 4W II*-1 4)-- .W0 L-C -4 W I CL. L 0 ) 5 CL a)

The Role of Vision and Mechanosensation in Insect Flight Control

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-01-01

intensity. We used bumblebees (Bombus terrestris), honeybees ( Apis mellifera ), the common wasp (Vespa vulgaris), hornets (Vespa crabro) flies (Mousca...bees ( Apis mellifera L.). J. Exp. Biol. 209, 978-984. Beyeler, A., Zufferey, J.-C. and Floreano, D. (2009). Vision-based control of near- obstacle

Covariance Analysis of Vision Aided Navigation by Bootstrapping

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-03-22

vision aided navigation. The aircraft uses its INS estimate to geolocate ground features, track those features to aid the INS, and using that aided...development of the 2-D case, including the dynamics and measurement model development, the state space representation and the use of the Kalman filter ...reference frame. This reference frame has its origin located somewhere on an A/C. Normally the origin is set at the A/C center of gravity to allow the use

Selenoprotein W enhances skeletal muscle differentiation by inhibiting TAZ binding to 14-3-3 protein.

PubMed

Jeon, Yeong Ha; Park, Yong Hwan; Lee, Jea Hwang; Hong, Jeong-Ho; Kim, Ick Young

2014-07-01

Selenoprotein W (SelW) is expressed in various tissues, particularly in skeletal muscle. We have previously reported that SelW is up-regulated during C2C12 skeletal muscle differentiation and inhibits binding of 14-3-3 to its target proteins. 14-3-3 reduces myogenic differentiation by inhibiting nuclear translocation of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Phosphorylation of TAZ at Ser89 is required for binding to 14-3-3, leading to cytoplasmic retention of TAZ and a delay in myogenic differentiation. Here, we show that myogenic differentiation was delayed in SelW-knockdown C2C12 cells. Down-regulation of SelW also increased TAZ binding to 14-3-3, which eventually resulted in decreasing translocation of TAZ to the nucleus. However, phosphorylation of TAZ at Ser89 was not affected. Although phosphorylation of TAZ at Ser89 was sustained by the phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, nuclear translocation of TAZ was increased by ectopic expression of SelW. This result was due to decreased binding of TAZ to 14-3-3. We also found that the interaction between TAZ and MyoD was increased by ectopic expression of SelW. Taken together, these findings strongly demonstrate that SelW enhances C2C12 cell differentiation by inhibiting TAZ binding to 14-3-3. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Taste Masking of Griseofulvin and Caffeine Anhydrous Using Kleptose Linecaps DE17 by Hot Melt Extrusion.

PubMed

Juluri, Abhishek; Popescu, Carmen; Zhou, Leon; Murthy, Reena N; Gowda, Vanaja K; Chetan Kumar, P; Pimparade, Manjeet B; Repka, Michael A; Murthy, S Narasimha

2016-02-01

The objective of this project was to investigate the potential of Kleptose Linecaps DE17 (KLD) in masking the unpleasant/bitter taste of therapeutic agents by hot melt extrusion (HME). Griseofulvin (GRI) and caffeine anhydrous (CA) were used as a bitter active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) model drugs. Thermogravimetric studies confirmed the stability of GRI, CA, and KLD at the employed extrusion temperatures. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies revealed a characteristic melting endotherm of GRI at 218-220°C and CA at 230-232°C in the physical mixtures as well as in all extrudates over the period of study, indicating the crystalline nature of drug. HME of KLD was achieved only in the presence of plasticizer. Among the several plasticizers investigated, xylitol showed improved processability of KLD at 15% w/w concentration. Dissolution studies of HME extrudates using simulated salivary medium exhibited ∼threefold less release compared to physical mixture at the end of 5 min (the lesser drug release, better the taste masking efficiency). Furthermore, the results from the sensory evaluation of products in human panel demonstrated strong bitter taste in the case of physical mixture compared to the HME formulation, suggesting the potential of Kleptose Linecaps DE17 as taste masking polymer in melt extruded form.

Species-specific diagnostics of Apis mellifera trypanosomatids: A nine-year survey (2007-2015) for trypanosomatids and microsporidians in Serbian honey bees.

PubMed

Stevanovic, Jevrosima; Schwarz, Ryan S; Vejnovic, Branislav; Evans, Jay D; Irwin, Rebecca E; Glavinic, Uros; Stanimirovic, Zoran

2016-09-01

In this study, honey bees collected in Serbia over 9 consecutive years (2007-2015) were retrospectively surveyed to determine the prevalence of eukaryotic gut parasites by molecular screening of archival DNA samples. We developed species-specific primers for PCR to detect the two known honey bee trypanosomatid species, Crithidia mellificae and the recently described Lotmaria passim. These primers were validated for target specificity under single and mixed-species conditions as well as against the bumblebee trypanosomatid Crithidia bombi. Infections by Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) were also determined using PCR. Samples from 162 colonies (18 from each year) originating from 57 different localities were surveyed. L. passim was detected in every year with an overall frequency of 62.3% and annual frequencies ranging from 38.9% to 83.3%. This provides the earliest confirmed record to date for L. passim and the first report of this species in Serbia. N. ceranae was ubiquitous, occurring in every year and at 95.7% overall frequency, ranging annually from 83.3% to 100%. The majority of colonies (60.5%) were co-infected with L. passim and N. ceranae, but colony infections by each species were statistically independent of one another over the nine years. Although C. mellificae and N. apis have both been reported recently at low frequency in Europe, neither of these species was detected in Serbia. These results support the hypothesis that L. passim has predominated over C. mellificae in A. mellifera during the past decade. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Solid state stability and solubility of triethylenetetramine dihydrochloride.

PubMed

Henriet, Théo; Gana, Inès; Ghaddar, Carine; Barrio, Maria; Cartigny, Yohann; Yagoubi, Najet; Do, Bernard; Tamarit, Josep-Lluis; Rietveld, Ivo B

2016-09-10

The API triethylenetetramine dihydrochloride used as an alternative treatment of Wilson's disease is sensitive to water and it exhibits polymorphism. As this may become an issue for the drug formulation, the physical stability has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry, high-pressure thermal analysis, dynamic vapor sorption, and X-ray diffraction as a function of temperature. In addition, high-pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry have been used to study the purity and chemical stability of the API. A pressure-temperature phase diagram of the pure compound has been constructed and it can be concluded that form II is monotropic in relation to form I, which is the only stable solid. The solubilities of the different solid forms have been determined with the help of a temperature - composition phase diagram. The API is very soluble, at 20° C about 10% of the saturated solution with respect to the dihydrate consists of API and the solubility of the pure form I is twice as high. Moreover, it has been shown that at 20°C, a relative humidity above 40% induces the formation of the dihydrate and at 70% a saturated solution appears. At higher temperatures, the formation of the dihydrate appears at lower relative humidity values. A clear link has been established between the API's chemical stability, its physical stability and the relative humidity in the air. Humidity levels above 40% are detrimental to the quality of the API. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Co-milled API-lactose systems for inhalation therapy: impact of magnesium stearate on physico-chemical stability and aerosolization performance.

PubMed

Lau, Michael; Young, Paul M; Traini, Daniela

2017-06-01

Particle micronization for inhalation can impart surface disorder (amorphism) of crystalline structures. This can lead to stability issues upon storage at elevated humidity from recrystallization of the amorphous state, which can subsequently affect the aerosol performance of the dry powder formulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of an additive, magnesium stearate (MGST), on the stability and aerosol performance of co-milled active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with lactose. Blends of API-lactose with/without MGST were prepared and co-milled by the jet-mill apparatus. Samples were stored at 50% relative humidity (RH) and 75% RH for 1, 5, and 15 d. Analysis of changes in particle size, agglomerate structure/strength, moisture sorption, and aerosol performance were analyzed by laser diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic vapor sorption (DVS), and in-vitro aerodynamic size assessment by impaction. Co-milled formulation with MGST (5% w/w) led to a reduction in agglomerate size and strength after storage at elevated humidity compared with co-milled formulation without MGST, as observed from SEM and laser diffraction. Hysteresis in the sorption/desorption isotherm was observed in the co-milled sample without MGST, which was likely due to the recrystallization of the amorphous regions of micronized lactose. Deterioration in aerosol performance after storage at elevated humidity was greater for the co-milled samples without MGST, compared with co-milled with MGST. MGST has been shown to have a significant impact on co-milled dry powder stability after storage at elevated humidity in terms of physico-chemical properties and aerosol performance.

Deployment Area Selection and Land Withdrawal/Acquisition. M-X/MPS (M-X/Multiple Protective Shelter) Environmental Technical Report. Texas ROI (Region of Influence).

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-10-02

C-<a wa-w7-> 4 -0. C zt ə C; 4W ɜ : rZ)zcz ɜ > -(yC4 w 4 < < Z < ’w0 4 C ( (C 0Z a C-- Zaw - - W0 U )-20 :3ZZ, U- ZZCzr. a> C U a a.C. Co 0o00 0 0...zWOWI.+0L tn 0 .4 z l-0uK0WznUof ’ 00 0. 0 -0. IL 9 -- . I J-Z𔃼 0 U.J In V 1 w ul a)l-0 tun 0 In 0 0 U (x> m.~ Z V)I >1-w o 00 3In 0 w 0.-Q.- ik .0

Air Force Office of Scientific Research Technical Report Summaries January - March 1991.

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-04-01

SUS 4SU Uc m W1( -W 0x t - 030 L O F-C-UC W QIMS O-UC tN -C 0 Lo - in 4 LC 4--- 41 UU 00W142 U4 (a 4- C- L 0) -0*-LU0 u ZaW inUi x& Ii- .0 5C4 L US)-L...C 3 L4-in > L 1 4 0 0 4) - DUC 0 L -0M Li nnU 0 3O> C U 0IX 9 z L f -) i- njo e CL .-- w* 1- - .I& - tUn I-. (A in 0 CQ4O 3 041 M -CC 0- LO A A L0...0 ’ 1- - -4-0 -V40 A -- 0 -- W;z a-a 0 Sn C’) 4A OLD tun , z 1’.S oEV mmU OW =3 ) ml > 23 S3 N S 01 1 54 V -0 a0 5 -0 .<Z - 0 4U.~ >jI~S𔃺~.C 42 r - C

The California Central Coast Research Partnership: Building Relationships, Partnerships and Paradigms for University-Industry Research Collaboration

DTIC Science & Technology

2007-04-26

uW )1200- Power at -2.0 oC ( uW ) Power at 3.0 o0 I^W -Power at 8.0...oC ( uW ) 1000 -Power at 13.0 oC ( uW ) -Power at 18.0 oC ( uW ) -Power at 23.0 oC ( uW ) -Power at 28.0 oC ( uW ) Poe8t0300C(W Power at 38.0 oC ( uW ) Power at...438.0 oC ( uW ) 0.600 Power at 48.0 oC ( uW ) Power at 53.0 oC ( uW ) Power at 58.0 oC ( uW ) 400 Power at 63.0 oC ( uW ) Power at 68.0 oC ( uW ) Power at 73.0

A temperature controller board for the ARC controller

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tulloch, Simon

2016-07-01

A high-performance temperature controller board has been produced for the ARC Generation-3 CCD controller. It contains two 9W temperature servo loops and four temperature input channels and is fully programmable via the ARC API and OWL data acquisition program. PI-loop control is implemented in an on-board micro. Both diode and RTD sensors can be used. Control and telemetry data is sent via the ARC backplane although a USB-2 interface is also available. Further functionality includes hardware timers and high current drivers for external shutters and calibration LEDs, an LCD display, a parallel i/o port, a pressure sensor interface and an uncommitted analogue telemetry input.

CSS/EMW/SOF (Combat Service Support/Engineering and Mine Warfare/Special Operations Forces) Mission Area Materiel Plan (MAMP) Software.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-09-01

receive much benefit . [] 2. The MAMP program prioritization algorithm is the responsibility of TRADOC. This study analyzed the perceived deficiencies...C o I 0 w m a 0 0 - 0.. -W >. m a -a ZZ II w u3 c w Ir 0 ccD I j cnC 0 o w a w W a- Im 3 El0 1>1- - < OUU4 0 .0.. 3.0 I * T- ui l. IT w3 >0 . I- *, wWE ...34Related" else if deftpe - 3 then print "Non-Materiel" else if def tqjpe - 4 then print " Health Service’ alse print skip I line printcolum-81

Combined DEM Extration Method from StereoSAR and InSAR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Z.; Zhang, J. X.; Duan, M. Y.; Huang, G. M.; Yang, S. C.

2015-06-01

A pair of SAR images acquired from different positions can be used to generate digital elevation model (DEM). Two techniques exploiting this characteristic have been introduced: stereo SAR and interferometric SAR. They permit to recover the third dimension (topography) and, at the same time, to identify the absolute position (geolocation) of pixels included in the imaged area, thus allowing the generation of DEMs. In this paper, StereoSAR and InSAR combined adjustment model are constructed, and unify DEM extraction from InSAR and StereoSAR into the same coordinate system, and then improve three dimensional positioning accuracy of the target. We assume that there are four images 1, 2, 3 and 4. One pair of SAR images 1,2 meet the required conditions for InSAR technology, while the other pair of SAR images 3,4 can form stereo image pairs. The phase model is based on InSAR rigorous imaging geometric model. The master image 1 and the slave image 2 will be used in InSAR processing, but the slave image 2 is only used in the course of establishment, and the pixels of the slave image 2 are relevant to the corresponding pixels of the master image 1 through image coregistration coefficient, and it calculates the corresponding phase. It doesn't require the slave image in the construction of the phase model. In Range-Doppler (RD) model, the range equation and Doppler equation are a function of target geolocation, while in the phase equation, the phase is also a function of target geolocation. We exploit combined adjustment model to deviation of target geolocation, thus the problem of target solution is changed to solve three unkonwns through seven equations. The model was tested for DEM extraction under spaceborne InSAR and StereoSAR data and compared with InSAR and StereoSAR methods respectively. The results showed that the model delivered a better performance on experimental imagery and can be used for DEM extraction applications.

Standard methods for Apis mellifera anatomy and dissection

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

An understanding of the anatomy and functions of internal and external structures are fundamental to many studies on the honey bee Apis mellifera. Similarly, proficiency in dissection techniques is vital for many more complex procedures. In this paper, which is a prelude to the other papers of the C...

Influence of humidity on the phase behavior of API/polymer formulations.

PubMed

Prudic, Anke; Ji, Yuanhui; Luebbert, Christian; Sadowski, Gabriele

2015-08-01

Amorphous formulations of APIs in polymers tend to absorb water from the atmosphere. This absorption of water can induce API recrystallization, leading to reduced long-term stability during storage. In this work, the phase behavior of different formulations was investigated as a function of relative humidity. Indomethacin and naproxen were chosen as model APIs and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPVA64) as excipients. The formulations were prepared by spray drying. The water sorption in pure polymers and in formulations was measured at 25°C and at different values of relative humidity (RH=25%, 50% and 75%). Most water was absorbed in PVP-containing systems, and water sorption was decreasing with increasing API content. These trends could also be predicted in good agreement with the experimental data using the thermodynamic model PC-SAFT. Furthermore, the effect of absorbed water on API solubility in the polymer and on the glass-transition temperature of the formulations was predicted with PC-SAFT and the Gordon-Taylor equation, respectively. The absorbed water was found to significantly decrease the API solubility in the polymer as well as the glass-transition temperature of the formulation. Based on a quantitative modeling of the API/polymer phase diagrams as a function of relative humidity, appropriate API/polymer compositions can now be selected to ensure long-term stable amorphous formulations at given storage conditions. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Improved pharmacokinetics and antihyperlipidemic efficacy of rosuvastatin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.

PubMed

Rizwanullah, Md; Amin, Saima; Ahmad, Javed

2017-01-01

In the present study, rosuvastatin calcium-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers were developed and optimized for improved efficacy. The ROS-Ca-loaded NLC was prepared using melt emulsification ultrasonication technique and optimized by Box-Behnken statistical design. The optimized NLC composed of glyceryl monostearate (solid lipid) and capmul MCM EP (liquid lipid) as lipid phase (3% w/v), poloxamer 188 (1%) and tween 80 (1%) as surfactant. The mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ζ) and entrapment efficiency (%) of optimized NLC formulation was observed to be 150.3 ± 4.67 nm, 0.175 ± 0.022, -32.9 ± 1.36 mV and 84.95 ± 5.63%, respectively. NLC formulation showed better in vitro release in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) than API suspension. Confocal laser scanning showed deeper permeation of formulation across rat intestine compared to rhodamine B dye solution. Pharmacokinetic study on female albino Wistar rats showed 5.4-fold increase in relative bioavailability with NLC compared to API suspension. Optimized NLC formulation also showed significant (p < 0.01) lipid lowering effect in hyperlipidemic rats. Therefore, NLC represents a great potential for improved efficacy of ROS-Ca after oral administration.

[Important bee plants to the africanized honey Bee Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in a fragment of savannah in Itirapina, São Paulo State, Brazil].

PubMed

Mendonça, Kiára; Marchini, Luís C; Souza, Bruno de A; Almeida-Anacleto, Daniela de; Moreti, Augusta C de C C

2008-01-01

The present work had as objectives to know the bee flora composition in an savannah fragment of the Estação Experimental de Itirapina, unit of Divisão de Florestas e Estações Experimentais do Instituto Florestal, in Itirapina county, São Paulo State, Brazil (22 masculine14'S and 47 masculine49'W). The pollen spectrum of the produced honey and the pollen collected by the Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera L. were determined in the area. The information contributes to understand the beekeeping exploration potential in remaining areas of savannah, as an alternative for the sustainable development. The blooming plants were collected biweekly between December 2004 and November 2005, along a trail with 3 km of extension. Pollen loads samples were collected biweekly from February to November 2005, and honey samples were collected monthly, from February to October of the same year, in five beehives of A. mellifera, installed at the same area. The local flora was represented by 82 species, belonging to 59 genera and 30 families, being 3.7% represented in hony samples and 6.1% in pollen loads. Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae, Malpighiaceae and Myrtaceae were the most representative families.

X-ray powder diffractometry of intact film coated tablets--an approach to monitor the physical form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient during processing and storage.

PubMed

Yamada, Hiroyuki; Suryanarayanan, Raj

2007-08-01

The antiviral compound, 2-amino-6-(4-methoxyphenylthio)-9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purine bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)ester (MCC-478), can exist in several anhydrous polymorphic forms and also as a hemihydrate. The XRD patterns of the tablets, containing each form of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), revealed at least one peak unique to each form. A semiquantitative microdiffractometric method was developed to nondestructively characterize the physical form of the API in intact film-coated tablets. This was accomplished even though the weight fraction of the API was <0.2 and that of mannitol, a highly crystalline excipient, was approximately 0.6. The method was used to determine the effect of aqueous film-coating process on the physical form of the API. The final dosage form was also monitored following storage at 40 degrees C/75% RH for 6 months. There was no phase transformation of the API either due to the film-coating process or following accelerated storage. This technique has potential utility not only for process control during manufacture, but also for the quality control of the final product. (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association.

RINGSAT

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

DOWDY; GUTHRIE; KUYKENDALL; MARTYN; OKANO; NIEDERMEIER; WILLIAMS

1994-01-01

Radio frequency interference (RFI) presents a serious problem to naval communications. Unauthorized transmissions on the same frequencies that FLTSAT or LEASAT use cause a loss of one or more transponders on a satellite. The problem is not correctable until the emitter is located and turned off, or until it runs off on its own. The present geolocation system cannot deal with the RFI problem adequately. This causes the Navy to lose operational capability and money. The proposed Radio Frequency Interference Navy Geolocation Satellite (RINGSAT) would locate the source of the interference within 3 hours, an outstanding improvement over current equipment. Furthermore, RINGSAT can be built quickly, at minimal cost, and can be used concurrently for other military missions. Currently, geolocation to identify the RFI is done at Naval Space Command. Using single satellite doppler, time delay of arrival, and frequency delay of arrival techniques, it is possible to locate the interfering emitter. However, for the first quarter of fiscal year 1993, about 50 different channels used by the Navy were nonoperational for over 500 hours. Almost 30 percent of the interference occurrences lasted for over 12 hours. In only one quarter of the cases was the interference turned off in less than two_hours either by our detection or on its own.

A Survey of Client Geolocation Using Wi-Fi Positioning Services

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

Master’s Thesis 4 . TITLE AND SUBTITLE A SURVEY OF CLIENT GEOLOCATION USING WI-FI POSITIONING SERVICES 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Nicholas... 4   B.   RELATED WORK ..........................................................................................5   III.   METHODOLOGY...9   4 .   Target AP Collection

Automated Formal Testing of C API Using T2C Framework

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Khoroshilov, Alexey V.; Rubanov, Vladimir V.; Shatokhin, Eugene A.

A problem of automated test development for checking basic functionality of program interfaces (API) is discussed. Different technologies and corresponding tools are surveyed. And T2C technology developed in ISPRAS is presented. The technology and associated tools facilitate development of "medium quality" (and "medium cost") tests. An important feature of T2C technology is that it enforces that each check in a developed test is explicitly linked to the corresponding place in the standard. T2C tools provide convenient means to create such linkage. The results of using T2C are considered by example of a project for testing interfaces of Linux system libraries defined by the LSB standard.

Microwave Acoustics Handbook. Volume 4. Bulk Wave Velocities-Numerical Data.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-06-01

p .00 * a* *~ Ol r4 000a1 .C e e0 0 C ~ armC aeC PSFCU NU . FPS WF w N C ’O’ w N 0 0 It1 P SNF .4.64 *.4 F7 N P C L *- P U NF L 6 .184 * ff .UULUFUJ...1010 10 7.7.N𔃽f3.7.s 34.3.3.3.3 U5 IL I 4 0 * 0t * t ** * t ** *7 * * . A 7)..00a00UN03 . f7 ) UN7.030*4 30 .4 *000 4m 0 M 3.0 030a. w tr 300a, a,7M 7... acca :00 C0 0 0 w l . r C O r . C t. . C=c c t r a r a e C N .4 *0 NNONU’ C’ 0’C N 4* P 00£.4.40 N 40’ N NU . 4w C N ’ O . N 4 N C ’t C U lo. ’ U

Thermal shock behavior of W-ZrC/Sc2O3 composites under two different transient events by electron and laser irradiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Hong-Yu; Luo, Lai-Ma; Zan, Xiang; Xu, Qiu; Tokunaga, Kazutoshi; Liu, Jia-Qin; Zhu, Xiao-Yong; Cheng, Ji-Gui; Wu, Yu-Cheng

2018-02-01

The transient thermal shock behaviors of W-ZrC/Sc2O3 composites with different ZrC contents were evaluated using transient thermal shock test by electron and laser beams. The effects of different ZrC doping contents on the surface morphology and thermal shock resistance of W-ZrC/Sc2O3 composites were then investigated. Similarity and difference between effects of electron and laser beam transient heat loading were also discussed in this study. Repeated heat loading resulted in thermal fatigue of the irradiated W-ZrC/Sc2O3 samples by thermal stress, leading to the rough surface morphologies with cracks. After different transient thermal tests, significant surface roughening, cracks, surface melting, and droplet ejection occurred. W-2vol.%Sc2O3 sample has superior thermal properties and greater resistance to surface modifications under transient thermal shock, and with the increasing ZrC content in W alloys, thermal shock resistance of W-Zr/Sc2O3 sample tends to be unsatisfied.

Department of the Navy Justification of Estimates FY 1992/FY 1993 Budget Estimates Submitted to Congress February 1991, Operation and Maintenance, Navy. Book 3

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-02-01

a O(%U v ot (UUGo 1a 1 0% fa ac(Ut . bo tic w W - El hi 400W0 4 0w0uw0 wD(OGOLm-4 94 9 0 N w w u c tv-M 41 9: u Q0. W W :3 C-L W W 41 W) ~ a) WD -4- 4C...fd E-4001 a).0 tic . >L 0L Er-4 ’-4’v to2 >0 (D 02>A o V* 0r El ’--20 to4L ~-02 0 >IV0 Pl-4 Z4’e420q 9: 00 󈧬ao >1 i to El0 41.- 02" " " L6i: U 1W"E...c’i0 a%0O C- . el 0.0 W bC~ 0 -4 04’ a .0-tC1 0 W >4 rc. -40𔃺 W%.4’ -4 ~- C;- ( l,2 >, r4)-󈧈 W 40 J 0%-.4 - en 0 4 a 4 E-..4 = U) V) V0 0 L 41M1

49 CFR 195.440 - Public awareness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Petroleum Institute's (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 1162 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) The operator's program must follow the general program recommendations of API RP 1162 and assess the unique... general program recommendations, including baseline and supplemental requirements of API RP 1162, unless...

49 CFR 195.440 - Public awareness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Petroleum Institute's (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 1162 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) The operator's program must follow the general program recommendations of API RP 1162 and assess the unique... general program recommendations, including baseline and supplemental requirements of API RP 1162, unless...

49 CFR 195.440 - Public awareness.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Petroleum Institute's (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 1162 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) The operator's program must follow the general program recommendations of API RP 1162 and assess the unique... general program recommendations, including baseline and supplemental requirements of API RP 1162, unless...

Dollar Summary of Federal Supply Classification and Service Category by Company, FY88. Part 6. (Z129-Z299).

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

1 I I 0 a C I I I I I I I I I ON C4 Hzl HL H H H- H H H H- >HH H H HH > H 0 Z) Hw XI l - 0- C. En w 0 - 0 w u D - 0I 2O In 7 - - o 0 I FI m , C 0 u m...m V I 0 -4 w m l 0 0 C 0 Ii - Z Z (0 Q (A w () - n C II z ~ Iz or1 <- (0 0~ (0 >a .4 A. A. z4 s£ WH w 0c w) WC w0 w 0 0 El 0 0 a.I/I F- -4 u wA 0 0...P- " 22 "- < ɜ a 2 a A C A a 0 cI 0 0 04 04 x4 0. 0) w) tic 4w w4 4) 0 C 4 4 4) - ZO 3 C.) m£ nL HZZ Z H 22 1 2 . .3 C I.I VI I e I l I j I -4 .1 am

Expansion of Genes Encoding piRNA-Associated Argonaute Proteins in the Pea Aphid: Diversification of Expression Profiles in Different Plastic Morphs

PubMed Central

Lu, Hsiao-ling; Tanguy, Sylvie; Rispe, Claude; Gauthier, Jean-Pierre; Walsh, Tom; Gordon, Karl; Edwards, Owain; Tagu, Denis; Chang, Chun-che; Jaubert-Possamai, Stéphanie

2011-01-01

Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are known to regulate transposon activity in germ cells of several animal models that propagate sexually. However, the role of piRNAs during asexual reproduction remains almost unknown. Aphids that can alternate sexual and asexual reproduction cycles in response to seasonal changes of photoperiod provide a unique opportunity to study piRNAs and the piRNA pathway in both reproductive modes. Taking advantage of the recently sequenced genome of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, we found an unusually large lineage-specific expansion of genes encoding the Piwi sub-clade of Argonaute proteins. In situ hybridisation showed differential expressions between the duplicated piwi copies: while Api-piwi2 and Api-piwi6 are “specialised” in germ cells their most closely related copy, respectively Api-piwi5 and Api-piwi3, are expressed in the somatic cells. The differential expression was also identified in duplicated ago3: Api-ago3a in germ cells and Api-ago3b in somatic cells. Moreover, analyses of expression profiles of the expanded piwi and ago3 genes by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that expressions varied according to the reproductive types. These specific expression patterns suggest that expanded aphid piwi and ago3 genes have distinct roles in asexual and sexual reproduction. PMID:22162754

Development of a binary carrier system consisting polyethylene glycol 4000 - ethyl cellulose for ibuprofen solid dispersion

PubMed Central

Alagdar, Gada Sulaiman A.; Oo, May Kyaw; Sengupta, Pinaki; Mandal, Uttam Kumar; Jaffri, Julian Md.; Chatterjee, Bappaditya

2017-01-01

Background and Objective: One of the established strategies to improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs is solid dispersion (SD). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as common carrier despite its stability problem which may be overcome by the addition of hydrophobic polymer. The present research aimed to develop an SD formulation with ibuprofen, a poor water-soluble BCS Class II drug as active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and PEG 4000-ethyl cellulose (EC) as binary carrier. Methods: Melt mixing SD method was employed using a ratio of API: binary carrier (1:3.5 w/w) (SDPE). Another SD was prepared using only PEG (SDP) as a carrier for comparative study. The developed formulation was evaluated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), determination of moisture content, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in vitro dissolution test, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and flow properties. Results: SEM and DSC indicated the conversion of crystalline ibuprofen to fine partly amorphous solid dispersion, which was responsible for the increase in dissolution rate of SD than a physical mixture. The release characteristics within 1 h from the higher to the lower value were the SDPE> SDP> physical mixture. Flow property evaluation using the angle of repose showed no difference between SD and PM. However, by Carr index and Hausner ratio, the flow properties of SDPE was excellent. Conclusion: The SD formulation with the PEG 4000-EC carrier can be effective to enhance in vitro dissolution of ibuprofen immediate release dosage form. PMID:29184827

Report Index for Years 1939-1985

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-01

u 6) U u u 0 0 93 f3 m I N 0 - - U CU 2 a 3 - U 0 -J 6W W. W 6 2 W W W a a 61 w w w ’A a 1 A U) 41 V, 4A V) IU L V I 61 - 21 j -1 j .- - U - .j a a...ini ’ . W . 2; .c- 2j a a 2r LI or2- - - -a C 3 0-~~c 40 0: I a 2 n m IW Z =. r L j = 02 - I 31 a 0 4A a. 19 acca W- 0I - / 0 - (. I 0 - - 2~ w 6.1 .1...N~ ~ * A -1 A a a a A ’ aa . w w 61 1- 6, 1. 0 za ~ a3 1, .a wi ; CC 0 9- I a oi 10 ) = 11 W 62 a61 - I U w -4 a W aw acca a a u wi U 0 a

Proceedings of the International Conference on the Numerical Simulation of Plasmas (14th) Held in Annapolis, Maryland on September 3-6, 1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

2 - tý a .5 .= . A ’. 2 0’.. o SS ’.. . t I -. .5 :. C, 0 Oý 0 r go %C a -0 c SS 2L 2E "t-iocogo" 0 IS F6 a c So a,, 3 IL So E 2 Q Qo’ V E r r 0c c...4 ar 0 -C ’ aCCa 0 W. , US w .2 00 ~ i; E 2 ~ . o.Z-. - w a~C -0 e0 E4 Em 12 *U - -.E 2 c - act , 0 3 2. , =- b ! .. E0 E 2- ccZZ cT, w~. ýt 0 w C...00 o- c 00 F6 ~ -02 C -4 a. 71 if )A 1 G a -2 - a d= . Cc 00 -V -0 0 P- . -- Z - 2 - q 0 0J2 2 a c x -a WO.~. 0 C;W n-a- - 0 1 o ao RR 0 if * . -I

Risk analysis of heat recovery steam generator with semi quantitative risk based inspection API 581

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prayogo, Galang Sandy, E-mail: gasandylang@live.com; Haryadi, Gunawan Dwi; Ismail, Rifky

Corrosion is a major problem that most often occurs in the power plant. Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is an equipment that has a high risk to the power plant. The impact of corrosion damage causing HRSG power plant stops operating. Furthermore, it could be threaten the safety of employees. The Risk Based Inspection (RBI) guidelines by the American Petroleum Institute (API) 58 has been used to risk analysis in the HRSG 1. By using this methodology, the risk that caused by unexpected failure as a function of the probability and consequence of failure can be estimated. This paper presentedmore » a case study relating to the risk analysis in the HRSG, starting with a summary of the basic principles and procedures of risk assessment and applying corrosion RBI for process industries. The risk level of each HRSG equipment were analyzed: HP superheater has a medium high risk (4C), HP evaporator has a medium-high risk (4C), and the HP economizer has a medium risk (3C). The results of the risk assessment using semi-quantitative method of standard API 581 based on the existing equipment at medium risk. In the fact, there is no critical problem in the equipment components. Damage mechanisms were prominent throughout the equipment is thinning mechanism. The evaluation of the risk approach was done with the aim of reducing risk by optimizing the risk assessment activities.« less

Seabrook Lock Complex, Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, Design for Wave Protection at Lock Entrance. Hydraulic Model Investigation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

281 °-3o4O) and NNE (110-340)] also transmit partial energy to waves from NW and N, respectively, these boundary directions (WNW and NNE) were...O~ O* C C C CO L CD0 ’d N C CC C U)P zWI in U) pU) C-j- 0 CD C ) 0 ) aL U) U’ 0 0 0 U) (L -~~k V )~LAU- 00 w C. z LI W w. z w z Li. 0-’ . 0 0 3 W Li

Towards Standardized Patient Data Exchange: Integrating a FHIR Based API for the Open Medical Record System.

PubMed

Kasthurirathne, Suranga N; Mamlin, Burke; Grieve, Grahame; Biondich, Paul

2015-01-01

Interoperability is essential to address limitations caused by the ad hoc implementation of clinical information systems and the distributed nature of modern medical care. The HL7 V2 and V3 standards have played a significant role in ensuring interoperability for healthcare. FHIR is a next generation standard created to address fundamental limitations in HL7 V2 and V3. FHIR is particularly relevant to OpenMRS, an Open Source Medical Record System widely used across emerging economies. FHIR has the potential to allow OpenMRS to move away from a bespoke, application specific API to a standards based API. We describe efforts to design and implement a FHIR based API for the OpenMRS platform. Lessons learned from this effort were used to define long term plans to transition from the legacy OpenMRS API to a FHIR based API that greatly reduces the learning curve for developers and helps enhance adhernce to standards.

77 FR 67424 - Self-Regulatory Organizations; C2 Options Exchange, Incorporated; Notice of Filing and Immediate...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-09

... available to Participants various application programming interfaces (``APIs''),\\4\\ such as CBOE Market... certain order and trade data to the Exchange, which data the Exchange uses to conduct surveillances of its markets and Participants. \\4\\ APIs are computer programs that allow Participants to interface with the...

Involvement of Phosphorylated "Apis Mellifera" CREB in Gating a Honeybee's Behavioral Response to an External Stimulus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gehring, Katrin B.; Heufelder, Karin; Feige, Janina; Bauer, Paul; Dyck, Yan; Ehrhardt, Lea; Kühnemund, Johannes; Bergmann, Anja; Göbel, Josefine; Isecke, Marlene; Eisenhardt, Dorothea

2016-01-01

The transcription factor cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) is involved in neuronal plasticity. Phosphorylation activates CREB and an increased level of phosphorylated CREB is regarded as an indicator of CREB-dependent transcriptional activation. In honeybees ("Apis mellifera") we recently demonstrated a particular high…

Flight Evaluation of a Linear Optical Displacement Transducer.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-05-01

2 EDB 2 I’s A 3 %-M . I f I Add AcŘI’s ABA te 2 I A-# A Add .16 .C..v ACCA #852 2993 2 A95 25394 3 A 1..C -A ADC CS 2 2 09 3 2 E9S5 2 F9 4 3 I...Q.. -lit w CJ0 al Lf O CD 40 0n 1 C L. z u 1u wuW L f)f- .) f3 )w003 *92 Ic Qc -I CL 0l a L&cI a I-m L mumKcd-U< -M =unju a racv 0 CM CY- 00C)C)c M4 w4

78 FR 19580 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Information Collection Tools

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-01

... transmit W-2 series forms to the Social Security Administration. Forms W-2c, W-3c and W-3cPR are used to.... Income Tax Return, Schedule B- Additional Information for Schedule M-3 Filers, Schedule D-Capital Gains... gains and losses from the sale of capital assets. Schedule H (Form 1120) is used by personal service...

Leveraging Open Standards and Technologies to Search and Display Planetary Image Data

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rose, M.; Schauer, C.; Quinol, M.; Trimble, J.

2011-12-01

Mars and the Moon have both been visited by multiple NASA spacecraft. A large number of images and other data have been gathered by the spacecraft and are publicly available in NASA's Planetary Data System. Through a collaboration with Google, Inc., the User Centered Technologies group at NASA Ames Resarch Center has developed at tool for searching and browsing among images from multiple Mars and Moon missions. Development of this tool was facilitated by the use of several open technologies and standards. First, an open-source full-text search engine is used to search both place names on the target and to find images matching a geographic region. Second, the published API of the Google Earth browser plugin is used to geolocate the images on a virtual globe and allow the user to navigate on the globe to see related images. The structure of the application also employs standard protocols and services. The back-end is exposed as RESTful APIs, which could be reused by other client systems in the future. Further, the communication between the front- and back-end portions of the system utilizes open data standards including XML and KML (Keyhole Markup Language) for representation of textual and geographic data. The creation of the search index was facilitated by reuse of existing, publicly available metadata, including the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature from the USGS, available in KML format. And the image metadata was reused from standards-compliant archives in the Planetary Data System. The system also supports collaboration with other tools by allowing export of search results in KML, and the ability to display those results in the Google Earth desktop application. We will demonstrate the search and visualization capabilities of the system, with emphasis on how the system facilitates reuse of data and services through the adoption of open standards.

The Effects of Antioxidants and Experience on the Development of Age Dependent Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuropathology in Canines

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-10-01

Douglas, H. Murphey, B.A. Muggenburg, S. Zicker , and N.W. Milgram. The effects of experience and antioxidants on size discrimination learning in the dog...submission: Appendix F. N.W. Milgram, S.C. Zicker , E. Head, B.A. Muggenburg, H. Murphey, C. Ikeda-Douglas, and C.W. Cotman. Dietary enrichment...dysfunction in canines N.W. Milgram,1* S.C. Zicker ,2 E. Head,3 B. A.Muggenburg,4 H. Murphey,4 C. Ikeda-Douglas’, and C.W. Cotman 3 ’Life Science Division

Experimental Measurements in the Turbulent Boundary Layer of a Yawed, Spinning Ogive-Cylinder Body of Revolution at Mach 3.0. Part 2. Data Tabulation

DTIC Science & Technology

1978-03-01

00 000000 0 4j Q C-4W% QV I- t. W w m oxw 0 Lrfl, or ( PIm L ITIr 4.2Q 00 QIMP v CJ .ot 00𔃾 004 .40l0.,I𔃾~mI Of-C0..,4C 44Ct4.’C00O00 3OO0 OOO OO nCM...on,*"- - -4 F %a0 ,p4 I 3hf Ott a3 1-~ 4’ 4 .0 0% rdI03I03:o3m 0, "~�P0 02I2nC LI1 ~ TC. . 000~~ 000 000 00Q 0 0 00 01- 004 s,0 .0 00000 00...1 I# .4 7 jL" qifA . , 4w .4-4-y4..4 ucp .4 m w w-e- P2unjmp J. 90-9 0 ~U w 0a. O 5,. Ott ; 8p-c; 10 -:40 44414 A ;J uj 0.3 0.0~U%4%M~-t~ Mm mMMMMm

Inhalation Injury.

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-01-01

spontaneously or assisted ), ᝺% since the elimination half-life supplemental 100% oxygen should be (t1, 2 ) for COHb is dependent on oxygen...persistent apy point out the increased incidence of hypovolemic shock and renal failure. fires involving polyurethanes, which Chest physiotherapy to...FITZPATRICK AND W. G. CIOFFI, JR. icals, the role of deficient surfactant Also in an animal study, pentoxifylline function, prevention of tracheobron- has been

Determination of sorption of seventy-five pharmaceuticals in sewage sludge.

PubMed

Hörsing, Maritha; Ledin, Anna; Grabic, Roman; Fick, Jerker; Tysklind, Mats; la Cour Jansen, Jes; Andersen, Henrik R

2011-10-01

Sorption of 75 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to three different types of sludge (primary sludge, secondary sludge with short and long sludge age respectively) were investigated. To obtain the sorption isotherms batch studies with the APIs mixture were performed in four nominal concentrations to water containing 1 g of sludge. The range of APIs concentrations was between ng L(-1) to μg L(-1) which are found in the wastewater effluents. Isotherms were obtained for approximately 45 of the APIs, providing distribution coefficients for linear (Kd), Freundlich (Kf) and Langmuir (KL) isotherms. Kd, Kf and KL ranging between 7.1×10(4) and 3.8×10(7), 1.1×10(-2) and 6.1×10(4) and 9.2×10(-3) and 1.1 L kg(-1), respectively. The obtained coefficients were applied to estimate the fraction of APIs in the water phase (see Abstract Graphic). For 37 of the 75 APIs, the predicted presence in the liquid phase was estimated to >80%. 24 APIs were estimated to be present in the liquid phase between 20 and 80%, and 14 APIs were found to have <20% presence in the liquid phase, i.e. high affinity towards sludge. Furthermore, the effect of pH at values 6, 7 and 8 was evaluated using one way ANOVA-test. A significant difference in Kds due to pH changes were found for 6 of the APIs (variation 10-20%). Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Long-Term Temporal Trends of Nosema spp. Infection Prevalence in Northeast Germany: Continuous Spread of Nosema ceranae, an Emerging Pathogen of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera), but No General Replacement of Nosema apis.

PubMed

Gisder, Sebastian; Schüler, Vivian; Horchler, Lennart L; Groth, Detlef; Genersch, Elke

2017-01-01

The Western honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) is widely used as commercial pollinator in worldwide agriculture and, therefore, plays an important role in global food security. Among the parasites and pathogens threatening health and survival of honey bees are two species of microsporidia, Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Nosema ceranae is considered an emerging pathogen of the Western honey bee. Reports on the spread of N. ceranae suggested that this presumably highly virulent species is replacing its more benign congener N. apis in the global A. mellifera population. We here present a 12 year longitudinal cohort study on the prevalence of N. apis and N. ceranae in Northeast Germany. Between 2005 and 2016, a cohort of about 230 honey bee colonies originating from 23 apiaries was sampled twice a year (spring and autumn) resulting in a total of 5,600 bee samples which were subjected to microscopic and molecular analysis for determining the presence of infections with N. apis or/and N. ceranae . Throughout the entire study period, both N. apis - and N. ceranae -infections could be diagnosed within the cohort. Logistic regression analysis of the prevalence data demonstrated a significant increase of N. ceranae -infections over the last 12 years, both in autumn (reflecting the development during the summer) and in spring (reflecting the development over winter) samples. Cell culture experiments confirmed that N. ceranae has a higher proliferative potential than N. apis at 27° and 33°C potentially explaining the increase in N. ceranae prevalence during summer. In autumn, characterized by generally low infection prevalence, this increase was accompanied by a significant decrease in N. apis -infection prevalence. In contrast, in spring, the season with a higher prevalence of infection, no significant decrease of N. apis infections despite a significant increase in N. ceranae infections could be observed. Therefore, our data do not support a general advantage of N. ceranae over N. apis and an overall replacement of N. apis by N. ceranae in the studied honey bee population.

Long-Term Temporal Trends of Nosema spp. Infection Prevalence in Northeast Germany: Continuous Spread of Nosema ceranae, an Emerging Pathogen of Honey Bees (Apis mellifera), but No General Replacement of Nosema apis

PubMed Central

Gisder, Sebastian; Schüler, Vivian; Horchler, Lennart L.; Groth, Detlef; Genersch, Elke

2017-01-01

The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) is widely used as commercial pollinator in worldwide agriculture and, therefore, plays an important role in global food security. Among the parasites and pathogens threatening health and survival of honey bees are two species of microsporidia, Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Nosema ceranae is considered an emerging pathogen of the Western honey bee. Reports on the spread of N. ceranae suggested that this presumably highly virulent species is replacing its more benign congener N. apis in the global A. mellifera population. We here present a 12 year longitudinal cohort study on the prevalence of N. apis and N. ceranae in Northeast Germany. Between 2005 and 2016, a cohort of about 230 honey bee colonies originating from 23 apiaries was sampled twice a year (spring and autumn) resulting in a total of 5,600 bee samples which were subjected to microscopic and molecular analysis for determining the presence of infections with N. apis or/and N. ceranae. Throughout the entire study period, both N. apis- and N. ceranae-infections could be diagnosed within the cohort. Logistic regression analysis of the prevalence data demonstrated a significant increase of N. ceranae-infections over the last 12 years, both in autumn (reflecting the development during the summer) and in spring (reflecting the development over winter) samples. Cell culture experiments confirmed that N. ceranae has a higher proliferative potential than N. apis at 27° and 33°C potentially explaining the increase in N. ceranae prevalence during summer. In autumn, characterized by generally low infection prevalence, this increase was accompanied by a significant decrease in N. apis-infection prevalence. In contrast, in spring, the season with a higher prevalence of infection, no significant decrease of N. apis infections despite a significant increase in N. ceranae infections could be observed. Therefore, our data do not support a general advantage of N. ceranae over N. apis and an overall replacement of N. apis by N. ceranae in the studied honey bee population. PMID:28730143

Cloning, expression pattern, and potential role of apoptosis inhibitor 5 in the termination of embryonic diapause and early embryo development of Artemia sinica.

PubMed

Zhang, Shuang; Yao, Feng; Jing, Ting; Zhang, Mengchen; Zhao, Wei; Zou, Xiangyang; Sui, Linlin; Hou, Lin

2017-09-10

During the embryonic development of Artemia sinica, the diapause phenomenon can be induced by high salinity or low temperature conditions. The diapause embryo at the gastrula stage is maintained under the threat of apoptosis to guarantee the embryo's normal development. In this process, apoptosis inhibitor proteins play vital roles in protecting embryos against apoptosis. Apoptosis inhibitor5 (API5) plays a pivotal role in regulating the cell cycle and preventing programmed cell death after growth factor starvation. In the present study, we cloned the full-length cDNA representing the api5 gene from A. sinica (As-api5), which encodes a 372-amino acid protein. In situ hybridization experiments revealed that As-api5 expression is not tissue or organ specific. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses of the developmental expression of As-api5 showed that it reached its highest level at 10h, after which its expression decreased. High salinity and low temperature treatments increased the expression of As-api5. Western blotting was used to assess the abundance of As-API5 and related proteins (As-CyclinA, As-CyclinE, As-E2F1, As-CDK2, As-APAF1, and As-Caspase9). Downregulation of As-api5 expression using a short interfering RNA resulted in increased mortality and embryo malformation of A. sinica. Taken together, the results indicated that API5 plays a crucial role in embryonic diapause termination and early embryo development of A. sinica. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Derivation of the P2T Criterion (in Closed Form) Based on the Frey Shear Band Mechanism

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-01-01

max 6d/d = G (12) max o u Pil < o .tlllilltt, >. X !5 < Q: o W) TJ C rH CU •H ed •P in -H 03 W 4-" FH cd C 03 Cu <U P...C 3 -H 10 T3 cd T3 O H s h ♦J 03 PH If) X3 -d rH fH ^H ed 03 OJ -H (1) •H -t-i Xi MH -H in c X’H <D ■M 43 • H 0 +J O...P o c a> rH X! 0 M 03 w C M •H O 03 u S & K <u TO S 0) +-> FH O ^—^ o3 W) y ^ cd i S: •H -H O -d T3 T3 iH CD *W P O nj

Habitat use and movement patterns of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas determined using pop-up satellite archival tags.

PubMed

Carlson, J K; Ribera, M M; Conrath, C L; Heupel, M R; Burgess, G H

2010-08-01

Habitat use, movement and residency of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas were determined using satellite pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags throughout coastal areas in the U.S., Gulf of Mexico and waters off the south-east U.S. From 2005 to 2007, 18 fish (mean size = 164 cm fork length, L(F)) were tagged over all seasons. Fish retained tags for up to 85 days (median = 30 days). Based on geolocation data from initial tagging location to pop-off location, C. leucas generally travelled c. 5-6 km day(-1) and travelled an average of 143.6 km. Overall, mean proportions of time at depth revealed C. leucas spent the majority of their time in waters <20 m. They exhibited significant differences among depths but were not found at a particular depth regardless of diurnal period. Most fish occupied temperatures c. 32 degrees C with individuals found mostly between 26 and 33 degrees C. Geolocation data for C. leucas were generally poor and varied considerably but tracks for two individuals revealed long distance movements. One fish travelled from the south-east coast of the U.S. to coastal Texas near Galveston while another moved up the east coast of the U.S. to South Carolina. Data on C. leucas movements indicated that they are found primarily in shallower waters and tend to remain in the same location over long periods. While some individuals made large-scale movements over open ocean areas, the results emphasize the importance of the coastal zone for this species as potential essential habitat, particularly in areas of high freshwater inflow.

Surveillance Report. Stage I. Dissected Motor/Propellant Motor Number 0012029.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-02-01

D v- 040404oW 004 z UP NIJWJU V)3 IUW c )w 0 4 4c - j u okow’po’o(’ 1 z ~ fil W CD 0 W a S U zu 0 0 0 V) It...8217 0006000 c~ %2 1- . II 4 U 4 00.0000 0 u 111 z’WJJWU * .’-~*neoO17 0N Ci0c2. J 000 M -W *co 0f U13 e.J to W nC% 41, 3 x CL, D c’J 0 InI~ OWW.L)W)~ CDzz0...8217’)’ ) 4 4 Z( 0~ Z 4+ + 44 4-~O(’ z II .4 d d 9 4. V) A uu iu Uu i I 30- (n : - 7 C - , M 0 vC 0 000t l0% ttl xn *U WWWNUaWW -z v r w 4

Prime Contract Awards Alphabetically by Contractor, by State or Country, and Place, FY 88. Part 14. (Monarch Engineering-Ogie Trinidad, Inc.)

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

Q 0e - 0 0 at l’- 000000 0 l ON IZOCo 00 0 D 0 ) 0 -a 000000 lMON 10-000 w-3 w <- C- ac 0l’~- < 000000 ajI I 00 0- 3-4 0 coo l’ L2 x- 3I- C-0C 0.M0L0...mm CV (a 00 d -Iw’ aJI 00 am -4 -a 00 ml ini a OqW I tow Ci 09 0 1%1 P z IOOW I 00 0 w ILL 4 aj 0o : 0 4 -4 4 .4 ((wawOCI) N .4 W in V WCV) al a a N...C) -4 - - - -A Cl) ll 00 00 W 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 rojo ) w ro-O rll_ ro-O to-O 0 r-- M 0 " I _SOO :3 CD :Jtc, OO.DOOOOOOoOOOQOOCoOCo (-) c rl) (1) C

47 CFR 73.215 - Contour protection for short-spaced assignments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... station pursuant to 47 CFR 73.211(b)(3): 6 kW ERP/240 meters HAAT—Class A 25 kW ERP/150 meters HAAT—Class B1 50 kW ERP/472 meters HAAT—Class B (b) Applicants requesting short-spaced assignments pursuant to...) C3 to C1 200 (124) 133 (83) 70 (43) C3to C0 215 (134) 152 (94) 81 (50) C3 to C 226 (140) 165 (103) 90...

47 CFR 73.215 - Contour protection for short-spaced assignments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... station pursuant to 47 CFR 73.211(b)(3): 6 kW ERP/240 meters HAAT—Class A 25 kW ERP/150 meters HAAT—Class B1 50 kW ERP/472 meters HAAT—Class B (b) Applicants requesting short-spaced assignments pursuant to...) C3 to C1 200 (124) 133 (83) 70 (43) C3to C0 215 (134) 152 (94) 81 (50) C3 to C 226 (140) 165 (103) 90...

Alternative splicing of a single transcription factor drives selfish reproductive behavior in honeybee workers (Apis mellifera).

PubMed

Jarosch, Antje; Stolle, Eckart; Crewe, Robin M; Moritz, Robin F A

2011-09-13

In eusocial insects the production of daughters is generally restricted to mated queens, and unmated workers are functionally sterile. The evolution of this worker sterility has been plausibly explained by kin selection theory [Hamilton W (1964) J Theor Biol 7:1-52], and many traits have evolved to prevent conflict over reproduction among the females in an insect colony. In honeybees (Apis mellifera), worker reproduction is regulated by the queen, brood pheromones, and worker policing. However, workers of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, can evade this control and establish themselves as social parasites by activating their ovaries, parthenogenetically producing diploid female offspring (thelytoky) and producing queen-like amounts of queen pheromones. All these traits have been shown to be strongly influenced by a single locus on chromosome 13 [Lattorff HMG, et al. (2007) Biol Lett 3:292-295]. We screened this region for candidate genes and found that alternative splicing of a gene homologous to the gemini transcription factor of Drosophila controls worker sterility. Knocking out the critical exon in a series of RNAi experiments resulted in rapid worker ovary activation-one of the traits characteristic of the social parasites. This genetic switch may be controlled by a short intronic splice enhancer motif of nine nucleotides attached to the alternative splice site. The lack of this motif in parasitic Cape honeybee clones suggests that the removal of nine nucleotides from the altruistic worker genome may be sufficient to turn a honeybee from an altruistic worker into a parasite.

Geospatial-temporal semantic graph representations of trajectories from remote sensing and geolocation data

DOEpatents

Perkins, David Nikolaus; Brost, Randolph; Ray, Lawrence P.

2017-08-08

Various technologies for facilitating analysis of large remote sensing and geolocation datasets to identify features of interest are described herein. A search query can be submitted to a computing system that executes searches over a geospatial temporal semantic (GTS) graph to identify features of interest. The GTS graph comprises nodes corresponding to objects described in the remote sensing and geolocation datasets, and edges that indicate geospatial or temporal relationships between pairs of nodes in the nodes. Trajectory information is encoded in the GTS graph by the inclusion of movable nodes to facilitate searches for features of interest in the datasets relative to moving objects such as vehicles.

Characterization of Phase Separation Propensity for Amorphous Spray Dried Dispersions.

PubMed

McNamara, Daniel; Yin, Shawn; Pan, Duohai; Crull, George; Timmins, Peter; Vig, Balvinder

2017-02-06

A generalized screening approach, applying isothermal calorimetry at 37 °C 100% RH, to formulations of spray dried dispersions (SDDs) for two active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) (BMS-903452 and BMS-986034) is demonstrated. APIs 452 and 034, with similar chemotypes, were synthesized and promoted during development for oral dosing. Both APIs were formulated as SDDs for animal exposure studies using the polymer hydroxypropylmethlycellulose acetyl succinate M grade (HPMCAS-M). 452 formulated at 30% (wt/wt %) was an extremely robust SDD that was able to withstand 40 °C 75% RH open storage conditions for 6 months with no physical evidence of crystallization or loss of dissolution performance. Though 034 was a chemical analogue with similar physical chemical properties to 452, a physically stable SDD of 034 could not be formulated in HPMCAS-M at any of the drug loads attempted. This study was used to develop experience with specific physical characterization laboratory techniques to evaluate the physical stability of SDDs and to characterize the propensity of SDDs to phase separate and possibly crystallize. The screening strategy adopted was to stress the formulated SDDs with a temperature humidity screen, within the calorimeter, and to apply orthogonal analytical techniques to gain a more informed understanding of why these SDDs formulated with HPMCAS-M demonstrated such different physical stability. Isothermal calorimetry (thermal activity monitor, TAM) was employed as a primary stress screen wherein the SDD formulations were monitored for 3 days at 37 °C 100% RH for signs of phase separation and possible crystallization of API. Powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) were all used to examine formulated SDDs and neat amorphous drug. 452 SDDs formulated at 30% (wt/wt %) or less did not show phase separation behavior upon exposure to 37 °C 100% RH for 3 days. 034 SDD formulations from 10 through 50% (wt/wt %) all demonstrated thermal traces consistent with exothermic phase separation events over 3 days at 37 °C 100% RH in the TAM. However, only the 15, 30, and 50% containing 034 samples showed pXRD patterns consistent with crystalline material in post-TAM samples. Isothermal calorimetry is a useful screening tool to probe robust SDD physical performance and help investigate the level of drug polymer miscibility under a humid stress. Orthogonal analytical techniques such as pXRD, ssNMR, and FTIR were key in this SDD formulation screening to gain physical understanding and confirm or refute whether physical changes occur during the observed thermal events characterized by the calorimetric screening experiments.

HDF-EOS 2 and HDF-EOS 5 Compatibility Library

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ullman, Richard; Bane, Bob; Yang, Jingli

2008-01-01

The HDF-EOS 2 and HDF-EOS 5 Compatibility Library contains C-language functions that provide uniform access to HDF-EOS 2 and HDF-EOS 5 files through one set of application programming interface (API) calls. ("HDFEOS 2" and "HDF-EOS 5" are defined in the immediately preceding article.) Without this library, differences between the APIs of HDF-EOS 2 and HDF-EOS 5 would necessitate writing of different programs to cover HDF-EOS 2 and HDF-EOS 5. The API associated with this library is denoted "he25." For nearly every HDF-EOS 5 API call, there is a corresponding he25 API call. If a file in question is in the HDF-EOS 5 format, the code reverts to the corresponding HDF-EOS 5 call; if the file is in the HDF-EOS 2 format, the code translates the arguments to HDF-EOS 2 equivalents (if necessary), calls the HDFEOS 2 call, and retranslates the results back to HDF-EOS 5 (if necessary).

Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Technical Report Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

L Lu -i I M .’Z41 (a ZO-411 , 01(Kl~a 0 0 at. 0 90𔃺. 444 W4 LU 4". 14 LL. -C4 .4 -- In in1.0 0-4 14 0 43 - L C43(43xW vin 3 . 4’ a4 C4 - 4 . C 04... Vin -: 3 ~L 0q F U -. Nr 0 n0 (A.C iCU’CE M- U -ULO 0.ZLi -@3w 2 D@ 0 0 0’ -3C’-ul C U - W 4@- ~N Lu (A:U’xC -2r M N(D~ 0 0 L -- L C E CL4 in 04. I

Ada (Trade Name) Training Curriculum. Basic Ada Programming L202 Teacher’s Guide. Volume 1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-01-01

4 . (A) 0 0 U)n c ~zz 0 L Iw m 0 0 W 0 4) 4 () cc 0 V) >- Z o - E z I x -j 0 C. m =zW ccZ- " I- 0 0z o ) aCCa - - z 0 N I--* S a-. ax a- c w Sn% L) C...oo U) 0 cc c C..) f8 4 (A U3 0 )0 C 1-- 00. _ zw w Ca41 LI (A) x Ř) cc (A w I- %__ _ 414 AjC CL W 0 64fl4 6-410 0 0h cr. U m L 0 a. 646)* w C.41 C w...Enl 0 wL U) W I cr. 0 w IL w 0 z L) w 0 u W F8 ~- - IL W >) " cr.0 0 Z x () U) IL W Z 0 U) - wi 0 4c 1 IL Un C 0 r C, wi 0 Z W w. w Ww i CL 00 03- z

SeqHound: biological sequence and structure database as a platform for bioinformatics research

PubMed Central

2002-01-01

Background SeqHound has been developed as an integrated biological sequence, taxonomy, annotation and 3-D structure database system. It provides a high-performance server platform for bioinformatics research in a locally-hosted environment. Results SeqHound is based on the National Center for Biotechnology Information data model and programming tools. It offers daily updated contents of all Entrez sequence databases in addition to 3-D structural data and information about sequence redundancies, sequence neighbours, taxonomy, complete genomes, functional annotation including Gene Ontology terms and literature links to PubMed. SeqHound is accessible via a web server through a Perl, C or C++ remote API or an optimized local API. It provides functionality necessary to retrieve specialized subsets of sequences, structures and structural domains. Sequences may be retrieved in FASTA, GenBank, ASN.1 and XML formats. Structures are available in ASN.1, XML and PDB formats. Emphasis has been placed on complete genomes, taxonomy, domain and functional annotation as well as 3-D structural functionality in the API, while fielded text indexing functionality remains under development. SeqHound also offers a streamlined WWW interface for simple web-user queries. Conclusions The system has proven useful in several published bioinformatics projects such as the BIND database and offers a cost-effective infrastructure for research. SeqHound will continue to develop and be provided as a service of the Blueprint Initiative at the Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. The source code and examples are available under the terms of the GNU public license at the Sourceforge site http://sourceforge.net/projects/slritools/ in the SLRI Toolkit. PMID:12401134

Department of the Army Justification of Estimates for FY 1991 Submitted to Congress January 1990. Operation and Maintenance, Army Justification Book. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

8217 - ’"I Si _ Cr ~J-1 IL tJ -4; 4* V -) a- Nii :1-1 N - *~- ~ - - Flh 31 - ’,- I - , - 241 m -18 ’TNJN V _, ZA- E -t 4 3R 2 u : aF - - *>- -- Lj 0 00...0J~ . -4 4. C C rn~ 00. m * a ) ca Z4 :) af -4 4j Z. Ci o a) rn C.) to ~L C"W.o ) ) u) /3 0 MJ 0 r_4-4- 4-j go u 0 a0 W >to-44L-Ui 4-CJ J4 4J u) u~ E...t J m w-0~ w ~ 0 Z z~ 0 to u wm D m. -X 00’> Q) -~ U cn .- 1~. - 0 Uf.- 0> u0 -j t >C - cn uu 4z vC*-4J mu4- w v Ř-J W~c w w w wCCu ’ Af ~-a ju 0 0 z

Department of Defense Contractor Establishment Code (CEC). Alphabet Listing. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-11-01

Z1. A >W Z O -z OC U Uex0 -M: 8-..0 -a .w3L.PZU IL K4z0. ~ - ~ t IN -a 0U ZUý.U A ýM . 0UW p0.0pc~-~U am1010 Pco 0.~CI2201.4 1 -4 UZ0. w4 l4 1 P o... ERS1 0U 00 O . 0 N C.00 CI0 1O ClC , C 0t5~b. 0~ 0 L" F5 ~-C~1 0 t- ~ 0 ?o: wOO C O 0 O 0 O C~ C8Nt- j- ccC0 10 * CO00 W 0g- ONO inooWON2m r- -- 0 0 N ý...z .~ j~..Z ~ C~.kJ 091.09 5 0 ao~ o W-Z 1 . PCO 0 3J 2 Z .W C" -4 -u 9z z z m -o0 rQ E ~ ~ ~ i iz QzH .9 HUO0 ~ >0 Q 3 02 4 * mQ0 00 M0 rn0 0U

Fortran interface layer of the framework for developing particle simulator FDPS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Namekata, Daisuke; Iwasawa, Masaki; Nitadori, Keigo; Tanikawa, Ataru; Muranushi, Takayuki; Wang, Long; Hosono, Natsuki; Nomura, Kentaro; Makino, Junichiro

2018-06-01

Numerical simulations based on particle methods have been widely used in various fields including astrophysics. To date, various versions of simulation software have been developed by individual researchers or research groups in each field, through a huge amount of time and effort, even though the numerical algorithms used are very similar. To improve the situation, we have developed a framework, called FDPS (Framework for Developing Particle Simulators), which enables researchers to develop massively parallel particle simulation codes for arbitrary particle methods easily. Until version 3.0, FDPS provided an API (application programming interface) for the C++ programming language only. This limitation comes from the fact that FDPS is developed using the template feature in C++, which is essential to support arbitrary data types of particle. However, there are many researchers who use Fortran to develop their codes. Thus, the previous versions of FDPS require such people to invest much time to learn C++. This is inefficient. To cope with this problem, we developed a Fortran interface layer in FDPS, which provides API for Fortran. In order to support arbitrary data types of particle in Fortran, we design the Fortran interface layer as follows. Based on a given derived data type in Fortran representing particle, a PYTHON script provided by us automatically generates a library that manipulates the C++ core part of FDPS. This library is seen as a Fortran module providing an API of FDPS from the Fortran side and uses C programs internally to interoperate Fortran with C++. In this way, we have overcome several technical issues when emulating a `template' in Fortran. Using the Fortran interface, users can develop all parts of their codes in Fortran. We show that the overhead of the Fortran interface part is sufficiently small and a code written in Fortran shows a performance practically identical to the one written in C++.

Department of the Navy Justification of Estimates Amended Fiscal Year 1988 and 1989 Biennial Budget Submitted to Congress February 1988. Operation and Maintenance, Navy. Book 3. Budget Activity 8: Training Medical and OPGA Budget Activity 9: Administration and Assoc Acts. Budget Activity 10: Support to Other Nations Budget Activity 11: Special Operations Forces

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-02-01

8217dCL D~0U :2aw u> Q >0.’a 41 ’ 0 :1:5 - r.4 J0)C.Ř£ to 4 td " C CO to) U) 0 " A. O cw 0 > ;3 w 4 144 w. V).M t 00 J - 4bD £ (d Ŕ 3.0 bcL W 0 .𔃾 0) 03 J...to -4 0 4) 44 41 P-4 Ma to 04 to W 0) M V) W 41 :b% Cý .,q r. ed -m 0 td rd .- a to w to w w to "-4 as 44 r-.4 w 1-4 W w (v to ow ýj M to) C: to CL (1...P -4P0-4 oo W v w ~’L0 . V)4) >%r.0 4w D bo 1-ý40 U G) 0 w w H 0ww 0 w0..4.J. 9 . 40. 𔃺 -1 4 0 WL O.1-w ý400.0 A. ’c-c 0I v’- U w 1 -4U0w ( td (0 L

Geolocating thermal binoculars based on a software defined camera core incorporating HOT MCT grown by MOVPE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pillans, Luke; Harmer, Jack; Edwards, Tim; Richardson, Lee

2016-05-01

Geolocation is the process of calculating a target position based on bearing and range relative to the known location of the observer. A high performance thermal imager with integrated geolocation functions is a powerful long range targeting device. Firefly is a software defined camera core incorporating a system-on-a-chip processor running the AndroidTM operating system. The processor has a range of industry standard serial interfaces which were used to interface to peripheral devices including a laser rangefinder and a digital magnetic compass. The core has built in Global Positioning System (GPS) which provides the third variable required for geolocation. The graphical capability of Firefly allowed flexibility in the design of the man-machine interface (MMI), so the finished system can give access to extensive functionality without appearing cumbersome or over-complicated to the user. This paper covers both the hardware and software design of the system, including how the camera core influenced the selection of peripheral hardware, and the MMI design process which incorporated user feedback at various stages.

Framework for near-field-communication-based geo-localization and personalization for Android-based smartphones--application in hospital environments.

PubMed

Meng, Philipp; Fehre, Karsten; Rappelsberger, Andrea; Adlassnig, Klaus-Peter

2014-01-01

Various applications using near field communication (NFC) have been developed for the medical sector. As a method of short-range wireless contact-driven data transfer, NFC is a useful tool in medicine. It can be used to transfer data such as blood pressure, control adherence to medication, or transmit in vivo data. The first proposed general framework uses NFC as a mechanism for indoor geo-localization in hospitals. NFC geo-localization is economical compared to classical concepts using indoor GPS or WLAN triangulation, and the granularity of location retrieval can be defined at a tag level. Using this framework, we facilitate the development of medical applications that require exact indoor geo-localization. Multi-user Android systems are addressed in the second framework. Using private NFC tags, users are able to carry on their personal settings for enabled applications. This eliminates the need for multiple user accounts on common Android devices, improves usability, and eases technical administration. Based on the prototypes presented here, we show a novel concept of using NFC-enabled Android devices in hospital environments.

Ratios of colony mass to thermal conductance of tree and man-made nest enclosures of Apis mellifera: implications for survival, clustering, humidity regulation and Varroa destructor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mitchell, Derek

2016-05-01

In the absence of human intervention, the honeybee ( Apis mellifera L.) usually constructs its nest in a tree within a tall, narrow, thick-walled cavity high above the ground (the enclosure); however, most research and apiculture is conducted in the thin-walled, squat wooden enclosures we know as hives. This experimental research, using various hives and thermal models of trees, has found that the heat transfer rate is approximately four to seven times greater in the hives in common use, compared to a typical tree enclosure in winter configuration. This gives a ratio of colony mass to lumped enclosure thermal conductance (MCR) of less than 0.8 kgW-1 K for wooden hives and greater than 5 kgW-1 K for tree enclosures. This result for tree enclosures implies higher levels of humidity in the nest, increased survival of smaller colonies and lower Varroa destructor breeding success. Many honeybee behaviours previously thought to be intrinsic may only be a coping mechanism for human intervention; for example, at an MCR of above 2 kgW-1 K, clustering in a tree enclosure may be an optional, rare, heat conservation behaviour for established colonies, rather than the compulsory, frequent, life-saving behaviour that is in the hives in common use. The implied improved survival in hives with thermal properties of tree nests may help to solve some of the problems honeybees are currently facing in apiculture.

Antimicrobial peptide evolution in the Asiatic honey bee Apis cerana.

PubMed

Xu, Peng; Shi, Min; Chen, Xue-Xin

2009-01-01

The Asiatic honeybee, Apis cerana Fabricius, is an important honeybee species in Asian countries. It is still found in the wild, but is also one of the few bee species that can be domesticated. It has acquired some genetic advantages and significantly different biological characteristics compared with other Apis species. However, it has been less studied, and over the past two decades, has become a threatened species in China. We designed primers for the sequences of the four antimicrobial peptide cDNA gene families (abaecin, defensin, apidaecin, and hymenoptaecin) of the Western honeybee, Apis mellifera L. and identified all the antimicrobial peptide cDNA genes in the Asiatic honeybee for the first time. All the sequences were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In all, 29 different defensin cDNA genes coding 7 different defensin peptides, 11 different abaecin cDNA genes coding 2 different abaecin peptides, 13 different apidaecin cDNA genes coding 4 apidaecin peptides and 34 different hymenoptaecin cDNA genes coding 13 different hymenoptaecin peptides were cloned and identified from the Asiatic honeybee adult workers. Detailed comparison of these four antimicrobial peptide gene families with those of the Western honeybee revealed that there are many similarities in the quantity and amino acid components of peptides in the abaecin, defensin and apidaecin families, while many more hymenoptaecin peptides are found in the Asiatic honeybee than those in the Western honeybee (13 versus 1). The results indicated that the Asiatic honeybee adult generated more variable antimicrobial peptides, especially hymenoptaecin peptides than the Western honeybee when stimulated by pathogens or injury. This suggests that, compared to the Western honeybee that has a longer history of domestication, selection on the Asiatic honeybee has favored the generation of more variable antimicrobial peptides as protection against pathogens.

Identification of (2-aminopropyl)indole positional isomers in forensic samples.

PubMed

Scott, Kenneth R; Power, John D; McDermott, Seán D; O'Brien, John E; Talbot, Brian N; Barry, Michael G; Kavanagh, Pierce V

2014-01-01

In 2012, 5-(2-aminopropyl)indole (5-API, 5-IT) was reported by Norwegian authorities to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) via the Early Warning System (EWS). The 3- isomer, 3-(2-aminopropyl)indole (3-API, AMT, alpha-methyltryptamine), has been available on the recreational drugs market for a somewhat longer time, having first been reported to the EMCDDA by Finnish authorities in 2001. Both isomers are available from online vendors of 'legal highs'. Recently, three forensic drug cases (two tablets and one powder) were presented for routine analysis and the active constituent was tentatively identified as an API isomer. The six positional isomers (2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-(2-aminopropyl)indoles) were synthesized and analyses by a combination gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) showed that these could be readily discriminated thus facilitating the identification of 3-API in the tablets and 5-API in the powder. With exception of 5- and 6-APIs, which co-eluted, it was found possible to separate the isomers by GC without derivatization. LC separation also proved to be a feasible method for the discrimination of the isomers. Although the 2- and 7- isomers were not fully resolved by LC, it was found possible to distinguish them using their product ion spectra as the 2- isomer produced the m/z 132 fragment ion formed by loss of vinylamine, whereas the 7- isomer formed m/z 158 through loss of methylamine. In the synthesis 2-API, a novel tricyclic by-product was formed in an annulation reaction where the reaction solvent, tetrahydrofuran, was incorporated into the molecule. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Prime Contractors with Awards over $25,000 by Name, Location, and Contract Number. Part 6 (RGI Inc, San Diego, California -- Technology Specialist Inc, Arlington, Virginia), FY1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

L) W z WU- L) .4 WCl)L3( 0 WWW < WW W 0i z m I 0 I= 4 C4cc( IU3 U 4n z L) Uz C) 4 Z UZ u -) Utz 0 U 0 0 I -C U 4 U; I4 Cl aW L, L) W9 nE 0- 0 U3W...0 0 I ~ 1j ~ 0> ix ( 0m.- LI)1. (n 0. Z3 Li -C En LI :1 I’" T, CL, 4H H L) Www I L r u - 0- 0 . 0. 8 . > 0 0:000: 104. 10 N0 ) 0 LI L C.4 I L 0 1.. H...m M 0c A 04 4 .4 042 . CC u U) 0 439 4 a.Z-M a 0 C z 4 www 0O > 0~ L) oH 0 g 2 > cn L) 0 44 0 0 Su~A 08 U3H 0 . Z w.~4. CO~ W ’OCCOO) f OC)OC ix0< HI

AFOSR (Air Force Office of Scientific Research) Technical Report Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-01

4’ 4’C W4’ u ... U -uC .4)- ’.L> I L - 1 CA A 123 oe . p. LUJ O D.D qr 0’ ’A ’.4 1,o *0 ~ & L40 t%~ 0L’ 420 cc ~4 F6 - LI_- A OX 0 e 04 w 140" OL Lo...3IU0o w a - L 0.- ’a UU 0 0M 0* -A C 00 0 a . 0 0 to UL w I >. 2W; F!. c o=I U Do ;60 acCa -0 U. U * W 0* o-4 LA-4 0L c W’ - Cla a aS -CU W - -o 0 - Iu...U C 40.f *0 0- 4cI at-0 >4. 1-PcA C C SI9 0 ;I. r- -- S 3D 6-6 0L 4.I. a~ 16 I 4w X* L:: IL VI5 AC0. 0 0q0- -a ow L F6 * 4 c6!o -L -IOS01-4 EIi

Pipe Storage and Movement Study

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-02-01

API 5L Points Higher Price Than API 5L Grades A or B Wall Range—X Grades X42 * X46* X52 * X60 X65 X70* * All Walls...thereof may be used at Mill Option for API 5L Grades X42, X46 and X52 unless specifically prohibited. * * DSAW only. NOTES: For Intermediate Grodes, apply...A53, BW, S 80, GALV 1-1/4", STL, A53, BW, S 80, GALV 2", STL, A53, BW, S 80, GALV 8", STL, API - 5L GR X-42, ERW, STD 3-1/2"OD, STL, API - 5L GR

Current test results for the Athena radar responsive tag

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ormesher, Richard C.; Martinez, Ana; Plummer, Kenneth W.; Erlandson, David; Delaware, Sheri; Clark, David R.

2006-05-01

Sandia National Laboratories has teamed with General Atomics and Sierra Monolithics to develop the Athena tag for the Army's Radar Tag Engagement (RaTE) program. The radar-responsive Athena tag can be used for Blue Force tracking and Combat Identification (CID) as well as data collection, identification, and geolocation applications. The Athena tag is small (~4.5" x 2.4" x 4.2"), battery-powered, and has an integral antenna. Once remotely activated by a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) or Moving Target Indicator (MTI) radar, the tag transponds modulated pulses to the radar at a low transmit power. The Athena tag can operate Ku-band and X-band airborne SAR and MTI radars. This paper presents results from current tag development testing activities. Topics covered include recent field tests results from the AN/APY-8 Lynx, F16/APG-66, and F15E/APG-63 V(1) radars and other Fire Control radars. Results show that the Athena tag successfully works with multiple radar platforms, in multiple radar modes, and for multiple applications. Radar-responsive tags such as Athena have numerous applications in military and government arenas. Military applications include battlefield situational awareness, combat identification, targeting, personnel recovery, and unattended ground sensors. Government applications exist in nonproliferation, counter-drug, search-and-rescue, and land-mapping activities.

Installation Restoration Program. Phase 2. Confirmation/Quantification. Stage 1. Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas. Volume 2. Appendix A-1.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

N1 4. j -0 z0 Uc n 41 or tD D, C a z 4s -J’ - - -T. = 3 CL Ct UL Cfl a-4 CL c r- 0CL U 4 -40 0 CL - :r j3 :) c c 0 0.’ 0- 1- 0 j c D4 C 4) 4 M 48= u...Ii el ozi - - 1 2 1 * ~ ~ ~ ~ L I.) z T L F-, ~ ~ - - *~~~~~ ~~ 093. j ,U .) . C- i n- zi -7 CD Z- c c c c c I a D- do 0. CL C a- JaJ - LA a) IC= -=1 -4...w N M’ it ’.o r’. M O’ 0 td M ’ 3aW 0 00 0 00 0 0 .- - .4 14 LaJ4 W4V L" Z- Z C3 1=z C= CD U IS LL L W N m’ t U) M 0. 0 . ’-U> CDn I-0 00CSI-W0C S6

Ocean Tides. Part 2. A Hydrodynamical Interpolation Model

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

bslaow 36 32.3W, 04.70W 3w9 Zahel (1970 I) StL Geoge islan 36 SL4ft 6470W 3M Ze~to at . (IOS) 00" a" 0GO I N 36 3UNP.U0 11 J . T . Kuo Lette (1077) am0...a, = 0 ff 106-* 0; {Us1U, s=0 for AC. Ul > 0, (6b) us = 0, Vh = A.+,.. otherwise; v= zlVi = 0 for A t + J ,+ < 0, 6) v i 0, Vi = BL. otherwise; and V2...and { AC’J+ - w4 I/C" for fV& O, [w =C/~fr~O (8a)0 for T = 0 with the second control limit IwI < ki (8b) where (see Equation 3) C = C. [ U j + U2 U4

Air Force Office of Scientific Research Technical Report Summaries.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Wo N a*1 W.V. 4 4 1 z ? mO 4 1w~ 4 00~~~~~0 N14 000 N.J 014 N ~ Q u~ 0 Nb.)𔃺(sia 4S~ 4 4 W.. 66 r- IDS 4 ag - a"u r- ma- P I" Mj 0n 1V0 ’a V 4 VW L4 W...C!z E E P L 00 8 x z 0 M 4-. z 0 C’, Al S S Oslo, Eu 0 2*’ 0 01 C. 0 . 80 0.ŔN * .u *L-3 -* .8C at U C E M let- C- L t 00 I az L ag A 0!0 400 u0U L...8217 04a M 5 L0 39 0 L0 WIC a in ag n 31c L P4 L 0 L J * 2I. 3i CU s,; w ’ V) C) 3 - u &’W( C 0)C0 ~ Eq 50 w 0 ’.6 c4e Zn Cx N -m J’ SLQO O ’ o40 0 L-C V

43 CFR 3103.4-3 - Heavy oil royalty reductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... must certify that the API oil gravity for the initial and subsequent 12-month periods was not subject... reduction for a property if BLM determines that the API oil gravity was manipulated or adulterated by the... effective date of the royalty rate reduction resulting from a manipulated or adulterated API oil gravity so...

43 CFR 3103.4-3 - Heavy oil royalty reductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... must certify that the API oil gravity for the initial and subsequent 12-month periods was not subject... reduction for a property if BLM determines that the API oil gravity was manipulated or adulterated by the... effective date of the royalty rate reduction resulting from a manipulated or adulterated API oil gravity so...

43 CFR 3103.4-3 - Heavy oil royalty reductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... must certify that the API oil gravity for the initial and subsequent 12-month periods was not subject... reduction for a property if BLM determines that the API oil gravity was manipulated or adulterated by the... effective date of the royalty rate reduction resulting from a manipulated or adulterated API oil gravity so...

43 CFR 3103.4-3 - Heavy oil royalty reductions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... must certify that the API oil gravity for the initial and subsequent 12-month periods was not subject... reduction for a property if BLM determines that the API oil gravity was manipulated or adulterated by the... effective date of the royalty rate reduction resulting from a manipulated or adulterated API oil gravity so...

Construction of a complementary DNA library for Parelaphostrongylus tenuis and identification of a potentially sero-diagnostic recombinant antigen.

PubMed

Ogunremi, Oladele; Benjamin, Jane; MacDonald, Lily; Schimpf, Robert

2008-12-01

Newly developed serological tests for diagnosing parelaphostrongylosis in cervids, using the excretory-secretory products (ES) of the infective larvae of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), have demonstrable superiority over the traditional method of larval recovery and microscopic identification. To generate a source of ELISA antigen by genetic engineering, we created a complementary DNA (cDNA) expression library by the reverse transcription of mRNA of P. tenuis adult worms, and ligation with the vector lambda-ZAP II. The library was screened using antisera produced in mice by immunization with a somatic antigen preparation of adult worms. Seventeen clones were isolated, sequenced, and checked for similarity to other DNA sequences in GenBank. A previously identified parasite gene encoding an aspartyl protease inhibitor (API) was isolated from the cDNA library, subcloned and expressed using the pET expression vector to produce a glutathione S transferase (GST)-His-S.Tag-P. tenuis API fusion protein (molecular weight = 63 kDa). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the API fusion protein as the coating antigen was used to serologically diagnose all white-tailed deer (WTD, 10 out of 10) that had been inoculated with 6 - 150 L3 P. tenuis, indicating that the antigen may be a useful serodiagnostic antigen for P. tenuis infection in this cervid species.

Improved properties of fine active pharmaceutical ingredient powder blends and tablets at high drug loading via dry particle coating.

PubMed

Kunnath, Kuriakose; Huang, Zhonghui; Chen, Liang; Zheng, Kai; Davé, Rajesh

2018-05-30

It has been shown that dry coating cohesive active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with nano-silica can improve packing and flow of their blends, facilitating high speed direct compression tableting. This paper examines the broader scope and generality of previous work by examining three fine APIs; micronized Acetaminophen (mAPAP), coarse Acetaminophen (cAPAP) and micronized Ibuprofen (mIBU), and considers dry coating with both hydrophobic or hydrophilic nano-silica to examine the effect not only on packing density and flow of their blends, but also dissolution and tensile strength of their tablets. The impact of the excipient size on blend and tablet properties are also investigated, indicating blend flow is most improved when matching API particle size with excipient particle size. In all cases where the API is dry coated, the blend packing and flow improve, so as to suggest such high drug loaded blends could enable direct compression. Using dry coated API along with finer excipients in blends lead to improved hardness of the corresponding tablets. Interestingly, dissolution profiles show dry coated API tablets generally have faster dissolution rates, regardless of silica hydrophilicity, suggesting API powder deagglomeration via nano-silica coating plays a crucial role. The most significant conclusion is that, although there are differences in properties of blends that depend on the API, hydrophobic or hydrophilic nano-silica coating, as well as large or fine excipients, in all cases, dry coating of APIs significantly improves the possibility of using the specific blend at high drug loading in direct compression tableting. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Isolation and Characterization of Gram-Positive Biosurfactant-Producing Halothermophilic Bacilli From Iranian Petroleum Reservoirs

PubMed Central

Zargari, Saeed; Ramezani, Amin; Ostvar, Sassan; Rezaei, Rasool; Niazi, Ali; Ayatollahi, Shahab

2014-01-01

Background: Petroleum reservoirs have long been known as the hosts of extremophilic microorganisms. Some of these microorganisms are known for their potential biotechnological applications, particularly production of extra and intracellular polymers and enzymes. Objectives: Here, 14 petroleum liquid samples from southern Iranian oil reservoirs were screened for presence of biosurfactant‐producing halothermophiles. Materials and Methods: Mixture of the reservoir fluid samples with a minimal growth medium was incubated under an N2 atmosphere in 40°C; 0.5 mL samples were transferred from the aqueous phase to agar plates after 72 hours of incubation; 100 mL cell cultures were prepared using the MSS-1 (mineral salt solution 1) liquid medium with 5% (w/v) NaCl. The time-course samples were analyzed by recording the absorbance at 600 nm using a spectrophotometer. Incubation was carried out in 40°C with mild shaking in aerobic conditions. Thermotolerance was evaluated by growing the isolates at 40, 50, 60 and 70°C with varying NaCl concentrations of 5% and 10% (w/v). Halotolerance was evaluated using NaCl concentrations of 5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% (w/v) and incubating them at 40°C under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Different phenotypic characteristics were evaluated, as outlined in Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. Comparing 16S rDNA sequences is one of the most powerful tools for classification of microorganisms. Results: Among 34 isolates, 10 demonstrated biosurfactant production and growth at temperatures between 40°C and 70°C in saline media containing 5%‐15% w/v NaCl. Using partial 16S rDNA sequencing (and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis [ARDRA]) and biochemical tests (API tests 20E and 50 CHB), all the 10 isolates proved to be facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive moderate thermohalophiles of the genus Bacillus (B. thermoglucosidasius, B. thermodenitrificans, B. thermoleovorans, B. stearothermophilus and B. licheniformis), exhibiting surface-active behaviors. Conclusions: General patterns include decreasing the thermotolerance with increasing the salt concentrations and also more halotolerance in the aerobic environment compared with anaerobic conditions. The results demonstrated that Iranian petroleum reservoirs enjoy a source of indigenous extremophilic microorganisms with potential applications in microbial enhanced oil recovery and commercial enzyme production. PMID:25485045

Solar Energy.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

r G 2 W to* L- .0 -- >0m0 L tox >- td . U74o m Et -t C V).--01- MU a#CO Cmto (D 3- 4h - ’- ; %14 4 , c o ’ow ft 000 -- -t4ME’toL0S:Oj- D- C - L 1: 0) d...I- C M-D w 0A--DC C 0 c c 0 :3 -DmC tD 4)Oft- (A OU .l C). 4A LDQC4--U-- M*; U.;O 0 fu ,0 4 a> U W, GD >. 0 D GDI GDO; )D Co C U ODDDL MG (n 4 In 41...r4C4 󈧭 u 41 C, a, -300c’- 41..𔃼 : WC WA 140U Zm L: 1 >. O X424.a 0 L E -0 0) z’ a- W - 3uV ’oC o w mc C-1 (000 40 02 .D Ga cr > -4 II -, 0r0 OC L

Role for apyrases in polar auxin transport in Arabidopsis.

PubMed

Liu, Xing; Wu, Jian; Clark, Greg; Lundy, Stacey; Lim, Minhui; Arnold, David; Chan, Jing; Tang, Wenqiang; Muday, Gloria K; Gardner, Gary; Roux, Stanley J

2012-12-01

Recent evidence indicates that extracellular nucleotides regulate plant growth. Exogenous ATP has been shown to block auxin transport and gravitropic growth in primary roots of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Cells limit the concentration of extracellular ATP in part through the activity of ectoapyrases (ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases), and two nearly identical Arabidopsis apyrases, APY1 and APY2, appear to share this function. These findings, plus the fact that suppression of APY1 and APY2 blocks growth in Arabidopsis, suggested that the expression of these apyrases could influence auxin transport. This report tests that hypothesis. The polar movement of [(3)H]indole-3-acetic acid in both hypocotyl sections and primary roots of Arabidopsis seedlings was measured. In both tissues, polar auxin transport was significantly reduced in apy2 null mutants when they were induced by estradiol to suppress the expression of APY1 by RNA interference. In the hypocotyl assays, the basal halves of APY-suppressed hypocotyls contained considerably lower free indole-3-acetic acid levels when compared with wild-type plants, and disrupted auxin transport in the APY-suppressed roots was reflected by their significant morphological abnormalities. When a green fluorescent protein fluorescence signal encoded by a DR5:green fluorescent protein construct was measured in primary roots whose apyrase expression was suppressed either genetically or chemically, the roots showed no signal asymmetry following gravistimulation, and both their growth and gravitropic curvature were inhibited. Chemicals that suppress apyrase activity also inhibit gravitropic curvature and, to a lesser extent, growth. Taken together, these results indicate that a critical step connecting apyrase suppression to growth suppression is the inhibition of polar auxin transport.

New MOPITT Version 6 Levels 1, 2, and 3 data

Atmospheric Science Data Center

2013-09-27

New MOPITT Version 6 Levels 1, 2, and 3 data V6 Levels 1, 2 and 3 Wednesday, September 11, 2013 MOPITT Version 6 (V6) Level 1, 2, and 3 products are now available for the entire MOPITT ... Major enhancements offered in the V6 product include (1) corrected geolocation (latitude and longitude) data, (2) use of the NASA ...

The effects of honey (Apis dorsata) supplements on increased bone strength in ovariectomized rat as animal model of osteoporosis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yudaniayanti, Ira Sari; Primarizky, Hardany; Nangoi, Lianny

2018-04-01

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration with a consequent increase in bone fragility and fracture risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of honey (Apis dorsata) supplements on increased bone strength in ovariectomized rat as animal models of osteoporosis. Twenty female rats at 3 months of age, weighing 150-200 g were used in the study. The rats were divided into five groups (n=4) : Sham operation group (SH); ovariectomy group no treatment(OVX); ovariectomy with treatment Apis dorsata 1g/Kg BW (AD-1); ovariectomy with treatment Apis dorsata 2g/Kg BW (AD-2); ovariectomy with treatment Apis dorsata 4g/Kg BW (AD-3). The treatment started to be given the next day after ovariectomy operation for 12 weeks. The Rats were sacrified within 12 weeks, and then the right femur were taken bone strength test. Based on the statistical analysis of the bone strength test, the greatest score belongs to the Sham operation group (SH) that have significant difference (p<0.05) with OVX group and AD-1 group, but there was no significant difference with AD-2 and AD-3 (p>0,05). In conclusion, honey (Apis dorsata) supplements has the effect of increasing bone strength in ovariectomized rat as animal models of osteoporosis, so that honey (Apis dorsata) supplements has the potential to be used as an alternative treatment for osteoporosis.

IP Infrastructure Geolocation

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-03-01

unlimited 13. ABSTRACT (maximum 200 words) Physical network maps are important to critical infrastructure defense and planning. Current state-of...the-art network infrastructure geolocation relies on Domain Name System (DNS) inferences. However, not only is using the DNS relatively inaccurate for...INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iv ABSTRACT Physical network maps are important to critical infrastructure defense and planning. Cur- rent state-of-the-art

A Comparison of High Frequency Angle of Arrival and Ionosonde Data During a Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knippling, K.; Nava, O.; Emmons, D. J., II; Dao, E. V.

2017-12-01

Geolocation techniques are used to track the source of uncooperative high frequency emitters. Traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) make geolocation particularly difficult due to large perturbations in the local ionospheric electron density profiles. Angle of arrival(AoA) and ionosonde virtual height measurements collected at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico in January, 2014 are analyzed during a medium scale TID (MSTID). MSTID characteristics are extracted from the measurements, and a comparison between the data sets is performed, providing a measure of the correlation as a function of distance between the ionosonde and AoA circuit midpoints. The results of this study may advance real-time geolocation techniques through the implementation of a time varying mirror model height.

49 CFR 195.222 - Welders: Qualification of welders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... be qualified in accordance with section 6 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) or... and found acceptable under section 9 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [Amdt. 195...

49 CFR 195.222 - Welders: Qualification of welders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... be qualified in accordance with section 6 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) or... and found acceptable under section 9 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [Amdt. 195...

49 CFR 195.222 - Welders: Qualification of welders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... be qualified in accordance with section 6 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) or... and found acceptable under section 9 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [Amdt. 195...

49 CFR 195.207 - Transportation of pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... in accordance with API Recommended Practice 5L1 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) Ship or... with API Recommended Practice 5LW (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [ Amdt. 195-94, 75 FR 48606...

49 CFR 195.222 - Welders: Qualification of welders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... be qualified in accordance with section 6 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3) or... and found acceptable under section 9 of API 1104 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [Amdt. 195...

49 CFR 195.207 - Transportation of pipe.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... in accordance with API Recommended Practice 5L1 (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) Ship or... with API Recommended Practice 5LW (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). [ Amdt. 195-94, 75 FR 48606...

Effect of Food, Diet and Nutrition on Military Readiness and Preparedness of Army Personnel and Dependents in a Peacetime Environment

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-08-15

SETUP 04 Jan 9. •:09 :49 Page S, ;CHRMN VAL5 US•.ER ._-, DE INm-U. C.HOWI;RIES QSýR la;1 Test Name: EWS[ Calculation Factor: 3617 Reaction Type: [RATE i1...4 00 . aWI > Z:Z A M C4 (N0)0) 40 1 W IX I,W LLS ’n +Ix 0. el IL C.) If) a 0. Oc :10 LLI 0 >- 3t b) I 04 Lý C)La > -i -i LAJ -j .9 L" +1 I LLI I C4...kI u~ 1- - S * c2z.a w wa 140 Z M 4-9a % I M aU 1 z 0 Ix (A Z el - HW ix Il- Iz I4 Sw ;w IS I l- I W W O a Z3 ~ 1--W 1. 0. S 4- A z4 Iř 3 1400 =I 1

N-Terminal Ile-Orn- and Trp-Orn-Motif Repeats Enhance Membrane Interaction and Increase the Antimicrobial Activity of Apidaecins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

PubMed Central

Bluhm, Martina E. C.; Schneider, Viktoria A. F.; Schäfer, Ingo; Piantavigna, Stefania; Goldbach, Tina; Knappe, Daniel; Seibel, Peter; Martin, Lisandra L.; Veldhuizen, Edwin J. A.; Hoffmann, Ralf

2016-01-01

The Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a life-threatening nosocomial pathogen due to its generally low susceptibility toward antibiotics. Furthermore, many strains have acquired resistance mechanisms requiring new antimicrobials with novel mechanisms to enhance treatment options. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides, such as the apidaecin analog Api137, are highly efficient against various Enterobacteriaceae infections in mice, but less active against P. aeruginosa in vitro. Here, we extended our recent work by optimizing lead peptides Api755 (gu-OIORPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH; gu = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylguanidino, O = L-ornithine) and Api760 (gu-OWORPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) by incorporation of Ile-Orn- and Trp-Orn-motifs, respectively. Api795 (gu-O(IO)2RPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) and Api794 (gu-O(WO)3RPVYOPRPRPPHPRL-OH) were highly active against P. aeruginosa with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 8–16 and 8–32 μg/mL against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Assessed using a quartz crystal microbalance, these peptides inserted into a membrane layer and the surface activity increased gradually from Api137, over Api795, to Api794. This mode of action was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy indicating some membrane damage only at the high peptide concentrations. Api794 and Api795 were highly stable against serum proteases (half-life times >5 h) and non-hemolytic to human erythrocytes at peptide concentrations of 0.6 g/L. At this concentration, Api795 reduced the cell viability of HeLa cells only slightly, whereas the IC50 of Api794 was 0.23 ± 0.09 g/L. Confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed no colocalization of 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein-labeled Api794 or Api795 with the mitochondria, excluding interactions with the mitochondrial membrane. Interestingly, Api795 was localized in endosomes, whereas Api794 was present in endosomes and the cytosol. This was verified using flow cytometry showing a 50% higher uptake of Api794 in HeLa cells compared with Api795. The uptake was reduced for both peptides by 50 and 80%, respectively, after inhibiting endocytotic uptake with dynasore. In summary, Api794 and Api795 were highly active against P. aeruginosa in vitro. Both peptides passed across the bacterial membrane efficiently, most likely then disturbing the ribosome assembly, and resulting in further intracellular damage. Api795 with its IOIO-motif, which was particularly active and only slightly toxic in vitro, appears to represent a promising third generation lead compound for the development of novel antibiotics against P. aeruginosa. PMID:27243004

An Investigation of the Feasibility of Implementing Substantial Finite Element Codes on Popular Microcomputers.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-10-01

u~ - ii 256, Ca a- N N :3 z La11) LDw E 00 -- w ’.44 wL ) w w -- CL a - I.- (0.a) J.-O0 1-0 33 ~0 0-4 30 3 C14 04. V)V) zwI w r cd~~ - E L I-c;44x...J . 2 .La I I I I I I I I I w I LM- z 0 = W LL W z z 0r W 1-4 Eflu inz 0- 0 c r zz w a 0 "WWL 4-"I’ )V ’ 1-m a LM a 0 -j (Z r 0o oz z . 281 w N4 0n N

Icing Nozzle Element Optimization Test, January 1979

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-20

71 1 iit miir -. l 6-’ 1P.Ss L-0 1 .C1IC O (W.E xW N 0.I NA UO9 I O 0 S.. U VS..4*( SS~i4.4P4 66 hi (S ~ .4.4.4..4 (5 4J 6-(55 455 PC CI +Uli I-L I A...jIP In MCr (.’ tJ m w.. * WEL (*£7 £4lw Il 0 S .1 w. 0E 0 C00 0 0 CC 0 M7.M 4L ty4llm .0:0 0.-C U.~. f4 £ U(J M w -w w w .4 .0 e *w N cm *4** In C30...0,000). .- EL 71 [WW-PKL4W’Oj 3M] AO £101 a a 2. 4-- 1 L- - .4 f- . 74 V. - 3 0 W *~~~ 74- .C? U-. 4 ~ N. 5.0 ~ U 11 0 6+0 LLW. . . . . . . . .5-40

Products and mechanism of the reaction of OH radicals with 2,3,4-trimethylpentane in the presence of NO.

PubMed

Aschmann, Sara M; Arey, Janet; Atkinson, Roger

2004-10-01

Alkanes are important constituents of gasoline fuel and vehicle exhaust, with branched alkanes comprising a significant fraction of the total alkanes observed in urban areas. Using a relative rate method, a rate constant for the reaction of OH radicals with 2,3,4-trimethylpentane of (6.84+/-0.12) x 10(-12) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) at 298+/-2 K was measured, where the indicated error is two least-squares standard deviations and does not include the uncertainty in the rate constant for the n-octane reference compound. Products of the gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with 2,3,4-trimethylpentane in the presence of NO at 298+/-2 K and atmospheric pressure of air have been investigated using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID), combined gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS), and in situ atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (API-MS). Products identified and quantified by GC-FID and GC-MS were (molar yields given in parentheses): acetaldehyde (47+/-6%), acetone (76+/-11%), 3-methyl-2-butanone (41+/-5%), 3-methyl-2-butyl nitrate (1.6+/-0.2%), and 2-propyl nitrate (6.2+/-0.8%). These compounds account for 69+/-6% of the reaction products, as carbon. Additional products observed by API-MS analyses using positive and negative ion modes were C5- and C8-hydroxynitrates and a C8-hydroxycarbonyl, which, together with the predicted formation of octyl nitrates, account for some or all of the remaining products. The product distribution is compared to those for the linear and branched C8-alkanes n-octane and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.

30 CFR 250.198 - Documents incorporated by reference.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Conditions, May 2007; incorporated by reference at § 250.901; (3) API Bulletin 2INT-EX, Interim Guidance for...; incorporated by reference at § 250.1202; (34) API MPMS, Chapter 11.1—Volume Correction Factors, Volume 1, Table...; (35) API MPMS, Chapter 11.2.2—Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons: 0.350-0.637 Relative Density...

30 CFR 250.198 - Documents incorporated by reference.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Conditions, May 2007; incorporated by reference at § 250.901; (3) API Bulletin 2INT-EX, Interim Guidance for...; incorporated by reference at § 250.1202; (34) API MPMS, Chapter 11.1—Volume Correction Factors, Volume 1, Table...; (35) API MPMS, Chapter 11.2.2—Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons: 0.350-0.637 Relative Density...

23 CFR 973.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAYS MANAGEMENT... system; (2) A process to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; (3... systems shall use databases with a common or coordinated reference system that can be used to geolocate...

23 CFR 973.204 - Management systems requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL LANDS HIGHWAYS MANAGEMENT... system; (2) A process to operate and maintain the management systems and their associated databases; (3... systems shall use databases with a common or coordinated reference system that can be used to geolocate...

Dryland pasture and crop conditions as seen by HCMM. [Washita River watershed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harlan, J. C. (Principal Investigator); Rosenthal, W. D.; Blanchard, B. J.

1981-01-01

The antecedent precipitation index (API) was related to surface temperatures as measured from the NASA C-130 and HCMM thermal data. Significant results from the aircraft flight in May 1978, include: (1) canopy temperature were measured accurately remotely; (2) pasture surface temperatures were related to pasture and wheat soil moisture conditions; (3) no relationship was developed with that data set between wheat yield and thermal infrared data due to a lack of moisture stress during the measurement period; and (4) lake surface temperatures were useful in normalizing the thermal IR data. Results from HCMM also suggested a relationship between thermal IR data and antecedent precipitation index. While HCMM was adequate in detecting relative soil moisture differences, the overpass timing was infrequent and prevented detailed analysis of the API/thermal relationship.

Characterization of Arab Berri (extra light) crude fractions with emphasis on kinematic viscosity-temperature behavior

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beg, S.A.; Amin, M.B.; Hussain, I.

1988-01-01

The characterization data has been obtained for Arab Berri extra light crude oil (API/sup 0/ 46.9), which is one of the four crude oils being commercially produced by Saudi Arabia. Further, six true boiling point fractions (IBP-95/sup 0/C, 95-205/sup 0/C, 205-260/sup 0/C, 260-345/sup 0/C, 345-455/sup 0/C and 455/sup 0/C+) of this crude were characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur, H/sub 2/S, merceptans, molecular weight, elemental analysis for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, analysis of various metals and paraffin, aromatic and naphthalene contents of lighter fractions. The kinematic viscosity-temperature data have been obtained for 95/sup 0/C+ TBP fractions formore » wide range of temperatures.« less

Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Air Force Systems Command Technical Report Summaries. First Quarter 1986.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-03-01

wi 41 t4 0- Sw ? cL 1 CCCWC ." L ILmL C +o 00W 04 N ~ -C W. CD 0o -0 00 G CL Fr - -3 0 4 - .. CO C4 C1 OD C - - V.. 3 z LL (AC C )C’L -C 4.- Z.’ MCD...0 r -113W 4--L-0 L + *0 * Inm NOC IDn. *m ai u 0- 0 >% ~0C NC Fr IC NC1 CS L.. 0 4)4 0O L Lu * L %C. ii ~ B* LL CC0 z*- 0 > (a> 41r L X 0 mJ L... www U W A. ’-4 L IX z L o t iS o N AU w . C4 U CD4 UIa IL CD Li 0 -i. x - O cc 0 0 WL 4 4 si 4w IA- SnIA in (A C :I- c * i . V z < L 0) 6a L It 0

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

David Lawrence

Calibrations and conditions databases can be accessed from within the JANA Event Processing framework through the API defined in its JCalibration base class. The API is designed to support everything from databases, to web services to flat files for the backend. A Web Service backend using the gSOAP toolkit has been implemented which is particularly interesting since it addresses many modern cybersecurity issues including support for SSL. The API allows constants to be retrieved through a single line of C++ code with most of the context, including the transport mechanism, being implied by the run currently being analyzed and themore » environment relieving developers from implementing such details.« less

Oral candidal species among smokers and non-smokers.

PubMed

Rasool, S; Siar, C H; Ng, K P

2005-11-01

To determine the various oral Candidal species among healthy Malaysian adults. Case-control study. This study was collaborated between the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between September 2002 till January 2004. One hundred adults (50 smokers and 50 non-smokers), aged between 40 and 70 years were studied. Swabs and carbohydrate assimilation (Saboraud Dextrose Agar, Corn Meal Agar, API 20C AUX System) were performed. Specimens were collected from dorsum of the tongue, buccal mucosa and commissures (right and left each). Colony forms were established by positive colony forming units, on SDA medium (24-48 hours). Germ tube test for (true/pseudohyphae) growth was done on Corn Meal Agar Medium. Candida biotypes were evaluated by API 20C AUX system, which had a numerical 7 digit profile, added to evaluate a definite Candida species. Thirty-five percent of Malaysian adults harbored Candida intraorally. Candidal species identified among 100 subjects had C. albicans (27) 77%, C. glabrata (3) 8%, C. famata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii (1) 3% each. Thirty-three positive cases comprised of 35 species i.e. two cases had two species each. Fifty seven percent of these were smokers and 43% non-smokers. These included 40% Chinese, 36% Malays and 24% Indians. Species were, however, not specified according to intra-oral sites i.e. buccal, commissural mucosa and dorsum of tongue. On this series C. albicans is the most common species found in the oral cavity of Malaysian adults. It is equally frequent in smokers and non-smokers, but showed a predilection for the ethnic Chinese group.

National Program for Inspection of Non-Federal Dams. Mill Pond Dam MA 00436, Merrimack River Basin, Ashland, Massachusetts. Phase I Inspection Report.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-04-01

blocked " PL ..wa___________ ,, ,., ~ . , .o ’- ft". o" ,* ." . B-3 w W W W * W * W *0...22. undr M~yrtle Stst oStreet o pC-- C...77 M H PRODIU(J 1) A I (3OVERNJILNT FXP ,.1[ 13. Concrete wall separating two spillways ~wz 14. Eroded earth...berm on downstream side of concrete wall c-8 P I PROOIICH) l GOV [ RNMEFNT FXPFN:;F-, 15. Weir and trapped debris at left (northerly) spillway 16

Feasibility of amlodipine besylate, chloroquine phosphate, dapsone, phenytoin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, sulfadiazine, sulfasalazine, tetracycline hydrochloride, trimethoprim and zonisamide in SyrSpend(®) SF PH4 oral suspensions.

PubMed

Ferreira, Anderson O; Polonini, Hudson C; Silva, Sharlene L; Patrício, Fernando B; Brandão, Marcos Antônio F; Raposo, Nádia R B

2016-01-25

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of 10 commonly used active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) compounded in oral suspensions using an internationally used suspending vehicle (SyrSpend(®) SF PH4 liquid): (i) amlodipine, (as besylate) 1.0mg/mL; (ii) chloroquine phosphate,15.0 mg/mL; (iii) dapsone, 2.0 mg/mL; (iv) phenytoin, 15.0 mg/mL; (v) pyridoxine hydrochloride, 50.0 mg/mL; (vi) sulfadiazine, 100.0 mg/mL; (vii) sulfasalazine, 100.0 mg/mL; (viii) tetracycline hydrochloride, 25.0 mg/mL; (ix) trimethoprim, 10.0 mg/mL; and (x) zonisamide, 10.0 mg/mL. All suspensions were stored both at controlled refrigeration (2-8 °C) and controlled room temperature (20-25 °C). Feasibility was assessed by measuring the percent recovery at varying time points throughout a 90-day period. API quantification was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV), via a stability-indicating method. Given the percentage of recovery of the APIs within the suspensions, the expiration date of the final products (API+vehicle) was at least 90 days for all suspensions with regard to both the controlled temperatures. This suggests that the vehicle is stable for compounding APIs from different pharmacological classes. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Characteristics of a pink-pigmented bacterium isolated from biofilm in a cooling tower in Tokyo, Japan.

PubMed

Furuhata, Katsunori; Goto, Keiichi; Kato, Yuko; Saitou, Keiko; Sugiyama, Jun-ichi; Hara, Motonobu; Yoshida, Shin-ichi; Fukuyama, Masafumi

2007-01-01

Strain K-20, a Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and strictly aerobic rod, which produces a pale pink pigment, was isolated from biofilm in a cooling tower in Tokyo, Japan. The taxonomic feature of the strain was studied using phenotypic tests and phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain was related to Roseomonas gilardii subsp. rosea, Roseomonas gilardii subsp. gilardii, Roseomonas cervicalis and Roseomonas mucosa at 94.3-94.6 sequence similarities. Growth occurred at 25-40 C and pH 5.0-10.0, optimal at 35 C and pH 7.0. Growth did not occur in the presence of >or=2% NaCl. The API 20NE identification system gave a positive result for urease, L-arabinose, potassium gluconate, adipic acid, malic acid and trisodium citrate (API code number 0201465). The predominant fatty acids of strain K-20 were C18:1Delta11 (50.8%) and C16:1 (17.2%). Cells contained ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) as the major quinone and the G+C content was 72.0 mol%. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, it was assumed that strain K-20 (=JCM 14634) is a novel species of the genus Roseomonas.

Distinct tissue site-specific requirements of mast cells and complement components C3/C5a receptor in IgG immune complex-induced injury of skin and lung.

PubMed

Baumann, U; Chouchakova, N; Gewecke, B; Köhl, J; Carroll, M C; Schmidt, R E; Gessner, J E

2001-07-15

We induced the passive reverse Arthus reaction to IgG immune complexes (IC) at different tissue sites in mice lacking C3 treated or not with a C5aR-specific antagonist, or in mice lacking mast cells (Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) mice), and compared the inflammatory responses with those in the corresponding wild-type mice. We confirmed that IC inflammation of skin can be mediated largely by mast cells expressing C5aR and FcgammaRIII. In addition, we provided evidence for C3-independent C5aR triggering, which may explain why the cutaneous Arthus reaction develops normally in C3(-/-) mice. Furthermore, some, but not all, of the acute changes associated with the Arthus response in the lung were significantly more intense in normal mice than in C3(-/-) or Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) mice, indicating for C3- and mast cell-dependent and -independent components. Finally, we demonstrated that C3 contributed to the elicitation of neutrophils to alveoli, which corresponded to an increased synthesis of TNF-alpha, macrophage-inflammatory protein-2, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant. While mast cells similarly influenced alveolar polymorphonuclear leukocyte influx, the levels of these cytokines remained largely unaffected in mast cell deficiency. Together, the phenotypes of C3(-/-) mice and Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) mice suggest that complement and mast cells have distinct tissue site-specific requirements acting by apparently distinct mechanisms in the initiation of IC inflammation.

AFOSR (Air Force Office of Scientific Research) Technical Report Summaries, April-June 1984

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-06-01

tD LU (1) A CLf4’ 1 C Z -0 () CL4 U. IAc Z4 < u. C- ’ 0m u- 0 (A - 0- CEm 0 2 0is C U c. -u 4- u- 41 S0 (U 0 0 ~M MC *0 Wn 0 u Ci L C v LNo to 0. W U...A L NX4 ’A 0 L CL- *4 U) 0 . (~ -W 41 040 U .*- w~U M). or u0 th 0 0 0 W a L&.. , U)- 0 00 0 - 3UV ~V L 40 * 0. U) 41 (u mV 44 C a 0 CL co L8I Cl 9K...CU𔃼C~ 00 0C CL C 4’ TD W L 024 0󈧄.I CL9OC 02 u0 0 0. U. 4 C- - 3 L M04 M 02 L 41 ;.C M (0 S 0 Lb S0 0 ’W󈧺 W0) 0. -04 i- _.C 0 0’ to 0 00- 0- O -M

Internet Geo-Location

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-12-01

space while absolutely refraining from issuing any measurement probes of its own, either before or after it is presented with the IP addresses... space , IP geolocation 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UU 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON ROBERT...since it computes predictions for the entire IP address space while absolutely refraining from issuing any measurement probes of its own, either

Automated chart review utilizing natural language processing algorithm for asthma predictive index.

PubMed

Kaur, Harsheen; Sohn, Sunghwan; Wi, Chung-Il; Ryu, Euijung; Park, Miguel A; Bachman, Kay; Kita, Hirohito; Croghan, Ivana; Castro-Rodriguez, Jose A; Voge, Gretchen A; Liu, Hongfang; Juhn, Young J

2018-02-13

Thus far, no algorithms have been developed to automatically extract patients who meet Asthma Predictive Index (API) criteria from the Electronic health records (EHR) yet. Our objective is to develop and validate a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to identify patients that meet API criteria. This is a cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort study in Olmsted County, MN. Asthma status ascertained by manual chart review based on API criteria served as gold standard. NLP-API was developed on a training cohort (n = 87) and validated on a test cohort (n = 427). Criterion validity was measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the NLP algorithm against manual chart review for asthma status. Construct validity was determined by associations of asthma status defined by NLP-API with known risk factors for asthma. Among the eligible 427 subjects of the test cohort, 48% were males and 74% were White. Median age was 5.3 years (interquartile range 3.6-6.8). 35 (8%) had a history of asthma by NLP-API vs. 36 (8%) by abstractor with 31 by both approaches. NLP-API predicted asthma status with sensitivity 86%, specificity 98%, positive predictive value 88%, negative predictive value 98%. Asthma status by both NLP and manual chart review were significantly associated with the known asthma risk factors, such as history of allergic rhinitis, eczema, family history of asthma, and maternal history of smoking during pregnancy (p value < 0.05). Maternal smoking [odds ratio: 4.4, 95% confidence interval 1.8-10.7] was associated with asthma status determined by NLP-API and abstractor, and the effect sizes were similar between the reviews with 4.4 vs 4.2 respectively. NLP-API was able to ascertain asthma status in children mining from EHR and has a potential to enhance asthma care and research through population management and large-scale studies when identifying children who meet API criteria.

Application of 13C NMR cross-polarization inversion recovery experiments for the analysis of solid dosage forms.

PubMed

Pisklak, Dariusz Maciej; Zielińska-Pisklak, Monika; Szeleszczuk, Łukasz

2016-11-20

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) is a powerful and unique method for analyzing solid forms of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) directly in their original formulations. Unfortunately, despite their wide range of application, the ssNMR experiments often suffer from low sensitivity and peaks overlapping between API and excipients. To overcome these limitations, the crosspolarization inversion recovery method was successfully used. The differences in the spin-lattice relaxation time constants for hydrogen atoms T1(H) between API and excipients were employed in order to separate and discriminate their peaks in ssNMR spectra as well as to increase the intensity of API signals in low-dose formulations. The versatility of this method was demonstrated by different examples, including the excipients mixture and commercial solid dosage forms (e.g. granules and tablets). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Department of Defense Contractor Establishment Code (CEC). Alphabet Listing. Volume II

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-11-01

401 0 ix (~C -): N.2 g ~O4 N. w N4 w(0 000~-C)N42C)04�t480W4O0𔃺 f,1fi ’ N 1 C) 0C)04’ml1.2~ ~~ ~ Hi -0 - MEm ~, jrIIII gar IIi I i II il l (D...W- & 0 - wd 0 c.H234 w aC 0~’-~~"g- 4(󈧣*-Wn -. a wW Q Cd 0 0a 0 0z w 026d A 0". 0.. OZo8o~ 8..0 I -- )z6---z U200W0r" 00 w . 1 . . .51 MEM -.3 -. 9...01 bW0 4) w c -"> U In cc0 0 I 02:m 260 in : ca 0 in W In -a 0: i in ~ I 4 05i 0- WH =ii. Z4 .9 z .Z.O inwLm~ w-W m =i t..Zin4= c W 0 0 >..in. Z MEM

Ship-borne Radio and GLD360 Measurements of Intense Oceanic Lightning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zoghzoghy, F. G.; Cohen, M.; Said, R.; Lehtinen, N. G.; Inan, U.

2013-12-01

Recent studies with the GLD360 lightning geo-location network have shown that the peak current intensity of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning is more powerful over the ocean than over land. This remains a poorly understood phenomenon. The Stanford VLF group has recently deployed a Very Low Frequency (1 MHz sampling rate) radio receiver system aboard the NOAA Ronald W. Brown research vessel. The goal of this transatlantic experiment is to improve our understanding of oceanic lightning and to investigate the physical difference between oceanic and land lightning. When positioned reasonably close to deep oceanic thunderstorms, the LF-VLF receiver aboard the Ronald W. Brown detects the impulsive radio emissions from the return stroke, up to 1 MHz, which enables us to estimate the return-stroke waveform shapes generated by the lightning channel. In this presentation, we present our experimental setup and a summary of the data collected during the transatlantic voyages of the NOAA ship. We process lightning-generated waveforms, compare them to LF-VLF data from land lightning over Oklahoma, extract statistical patterns, and compare the data to numerical and analytical models.

Arab light crude study focuses on kinematic viscosity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beg, S.A.; Al-Mutawa, A.H.; Amin, M.B.

1989-02-01

Arab light crude oil has been characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur content, Reid vapor pressure, ash content, heating value, salt content, viscosity SUS, vanadium content as V/sub 2/O/sub 5/, pour point and analyses of various metals. The crude oil was fractionated into six true boiling point (TBP) fractions (IBP-95/sup 0/C, 95-205/sup 0/C, 205-260/sup 0/C, 260-345/sup 0/C, 345-455/sup 0/C and 455/sup 0/C+). These fractions were characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur, H/sub 2/S, mercaptan contents, molecular weight, elemental analyses for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, and analyses of various metals. The kinematic viscosity data have beenmore » obtained for 95/sup 0/C+ TBP fractions for a wide range of temperature up to 200/sup 0/C.« less

Miniature Brain Decision Making in Complex Visual Environments

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-07-18

release; distribution unlimited. 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT The grantee investigated, using the honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) as a model...successful for understanding face processing in both human adults and infants. Individual honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) were trained with...for 30 bees (group 3) of the target stimuli. Bernard J, Stach S, Giurfa M (2007) Categorization of visual stimuli in the honeybee Apis mellifera

30 CFR 250.806 - Safety and pollution prevention equipment quality assurance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Gas Operations (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198); and (ii) API Spec Q1, Specification for... in § 250.198). (3) All SSV's and USV's must meet the technical specifications of API Spec 6A and 6AV1. All SSSVs must meet the technical specifications of API Specification 14A (as incorporated by...

30 CFR 250.806 - Safety and pollution prevention equipment quality assurance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Gas Operations (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198); and (ii) API Spec Q1, Specification for... in § 250.198). (3) All SSV's and USV's must meet the technical specifications of API Spec 6A and 6AV1. All SSSVs must meet the technical specifications of API Specification 14A (as incorporated by...

30 CFR 250.806 - Safety and pollution prevention equipment quality assurance requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Gas Operations (as incorporated by reference in § 250.198); and (ii) API Spec Q1, Specification for... in § 250.198). (3) All SSV's and USV's must meet the technical specifications of API Spec 6A and 6AV1. All SSSVs must meet the technical specifications of API Specification 14A (as incorporated by...

Multimodal Event Detection in Twitter Hashtag Networks

DOE PAGES

Yilmaz, Yasin; Hero, Alfred O.

2016-07-01

In this study, event detection in a multimodal Twitter dataset is considered. We treat the hashtags in the dataset as instances with two modes: text and geolocation features. The text feature consists of a bag-of-words representation. The geolocation feature consists of geotags (i.e., geographical coordinates) of the tweets. Fusing the multimodal data we aim to detect, in terms of topic and geolocation, the interesting events and the associated hashtags. To this end, a generative latent variable model is assumed, and a generalized expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is derived to learn the model parameters. The proposed method is computationally efficient, and lendsmore » itself to big datasets. Lastly, experimental results on a Twitter dataset from August 2014 show the efficacy of the proposed method.« less

Nullspace MUSIC and Improved Radio Frequency Emitter Geolocation from a Mobile Antenna Array

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kintz, Andrew L.

This work advances state-of-the-art Radio Frequency (RF) emitter geolocation from an airborne or spaceborne antenna array. With an antenna array, geolocation is based on Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms such as MUSIC. The MUSIC algorithm applies to arbitrary arrays of polarization sensitive antennas and yields high resolution. However, MUSIC fails to obtain its theoretical resolution for simultaneous, closely spaced, co-frequency signals. We propose the novel Nullspace MUSIC algorithm, which outperforms MUSIC and its existing modifications while maintaining MUSIC(apostrophe)s fundamental orthogonality test. Nullspace MUSIC applies a divide-and-conquer approach and estimates a single DOA at a time. Additionally, an antenna array on an aircraft cannot be perfectly calibrated. RF waves are blocked, reflected, and scattered in a time-varying fashion by the platform around the antenna array. Consequently, full-wave electromagnetics simulations or demanding measurements of the entire platform cannot eliminate the mismatch between the true, in-situ antenna patterns and the antenna patterns that are available for DOA estimation (the antenna array manifold). Platform-induced manifold mismatch severely degrades MUSIC(apostrophe)s resolution and accuracy. We show that Nullspace MUSIC improves DOA accuracy for well separated signals that are incident on an airborne antenna array. Conventionally, geolocation from a mobile platform draws Lines of Bearing (LOB) from the antenna array along the DOAs to find the locations where the DOAs intersect with the ground. However, averaging the LOBs in the global coordinate system yields large errors due to geometric dilution of precision. Since averaging positions fails, a single emitter is typically located by finding the position on the ground that yields the Minimum Apparent Angular Error (MAAE) for the DOA estimates over a flight. We extend the MAAE approach to cluster LOBs from multiple emitters. MAAE clustering geolocates multiple simultaneous and co-frequency emitters in spite of highly erratic DOA estimates. We also mitigate manifold mismatch by applying the Direct Mapping Method (DMM). DMM averages DOA spectra on the earth(apostrophe)s surface and estimates the emitter locations directly from the composite spectrum. In the example results presented, our goal is to geolocate four diversely polarized emitters with a seven-element antenna array. This is too challenging for MAAE and DMM. We fuse Nullspace MUSIC and DMM into the novel Nullspace DMM algorithm and demonstrate that Nullspace DMM locates all emitters. Finally, we apply the proposed geolocation algorithms to real-world experimental data. A six-element antenna array and Data Collection System (DCS) were installed on a small aircraft. The DCS recorded signals from four live transmitters during a three-hour flight over Columbus, Ohio. The four emitters were geolocated from various segments of the flight. As expected, individual DOA estimates were erratic and widespread due to the airplane(apostrophe)s perturbations of the measured array manifold. MAAE and DMM locate at most three of the four emitters. On the other hand, Nullspace DMM yields unambiguous estimates for every emitter in every flight segment. The successful experimental trials show that Nullspace DMM could significantly enhance airborne emitter geolocation in missions such as RF spectrum enforcement, locating unknown transmitters for defense, and search and rescue operations.

Introduction to Ada (Trademark), a Higher Order Language. L103 Teacher’s Guide.

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-05-01

I -- co 0 0 Cl) ) Lu Cl .L =) cr. LuL x 0 Lu I - Lu ml C 0 Lu a- 0 L 0 0 % Ci Lu Lu . I -- Lu cz w LuV ) Li- c 0 II- C. a.-, 0 C)) I -- Z I l 0 I - Cl...U. V L3 O-J zz w zz U, 0 w ww CX 0 wU I - LA. w 0 0 cr. U- w 0 (j Laa. z w ww oil co CL - - w a- x U) ’-cc i ... ’S.. 0 a&z V) - U- z C.x.)C. 4 IL** -4...mU rq U- - U >- L 0 LU> 1~~ V) V) UIZ UC 4w (U wI U0UL 1w 0 I - u . 9- c -V)

Prime Contractors with Awards Over $25,000 by Name, Location, and Contract Number, Fiscal Year 87. Part 12. United Steel & Wire Company-Zynar, Incorporated.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

00 Z C. 4 9 > > t ’r z> >> > > > > I Z C0 0 K r . 50 F580 0 9000 > >> > > >> > > > 4444 Cd~dd > IL . *’% IP ~ ~ V -,~.: :<~ ID O* 0040C\\ t- O O1’INMN N...04 - CC 00 0 .4L 00000 . Ze) L) Sz0 Z3 :333 0%3 : m U3 0.w Ip w ? L) s u H U 0 7 Z 7- u cc 5 m 00 w~ > I w~ : < en 20 WI CW m : ) A e u0 000 00 WLLSW...ON a’ OD 0.0V .. N-0 t- 0 N 0DM a 0 4 N cc r0!0 w . Vw w w mw0wwm wc V m 0 0~. .0 0 0) Voz . Nw( g-) 00 m 1 0c 0 C00 00 N 0-Mm0mV 0 0 0 -Cmm e) 0 - V f

NASA/SDSU Geopositional Characterization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Helder, Dennis; Ross, Kenton; Helder, Dennis; Ross, Kentron

2006-01-01

The geolocational accuracy of products from the IKONOS, QuickBird, and OrbView-3 sensors was evaluated using two test sites: one developed in and around Brookings, SD, and one near Stennis Space Center, MS. Both of these relatively flat sites host over 100 ground control points surveyed to an accuracy of approximately 5 cm. They provide robust locations to test the basic geolocational accuracy of a variety of spaceborne and aircraft sensor systems. Imagery of both test sites was acquired by these three sensors in 2004 and in 2005; several products from each sensor, ranging from basic datasets through orthorectified imagery, were analyzed at Stennis Space Center and at South Dakota State University. While direct comparisons between sensors and products are difficult because of differing processing schemes, results indicate that these products tend to display stated levels of accuracy.

Parametric Engineering System Definition Model. Volume II. Appendix C. FORTRAN Listings

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-08-01

x ý_ .V L , x 0w X: U Aw a U= U2 LL (A9 > cAL .D- 3: w.. = L I- ;< c Q 4 -- uj- 2: UZLL - ccZ4 .W - U. C ~ U- FLJ LLt- CLL>JuU. j Z Xf jZ x V- *O L...ý - P- u Z.." - S.. = 2- U :- - - - LUý zz w z c IN.U 4( 4 U.-JC uI. 0 > u .C Cj ’t a. u c , L0> V)QV)e in G.t O~ .0 P- ct tD ~ *-cMc" -t m C c...7 0 7; n, C-1600 z c t= orw > w I Z z z. z Z tn - w 1 t CU Z ": < - z -a>- C- LL Z = z - , - a I-. LU * C-161 0X w -U. c td , Ln U-lU_ U. LL.- Wj~ W z

Molecular characterization of Api g 2, a novel allergenic member of the lipid-transfer protein 1 family from celery stalks.

PubMed

Gadermaier, Gabriele; Egger, Matthias; Girbl, Tamara; Erler, Anja; Harrer, Andrea; Vejvar, Eva; Liso, Marina; Richter, Klaus; Zuidmeer, Laurian; Mari, Adriano; Ferreira, Fatima

2011-04-01

Celery represents a relevant cross-reactive food allergen source in the adult population. As the currently known allergens are not typical elicitors of severe symptoms, we aimed to identify and characterize a non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP). MS and cDNA cloning were applied to obtain the full-length sequence of a novel allergenic nsLTP from celery stalks. The purified natural molecule consisted of a single isoallergen designated as Api g 2.0101, which was recombinantly produced in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami. The natural and recombinant molecules displayed equivalent physicochemical and immunological properties. Circular dichroism revealed a typical α-helical fold and high thermal stability. Moreover, Api g 2 was highly resistant to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. As assessed by ELISA, thermal denaturation did not affect the IgE binding of Api g 2. Natural and recombinant Api g 2 showed similar allergenic activity in mediator release assays. Api g 2-specific IgE antibodies cross-reacted with peach and mugwort pollen nsLTPs. Based on our results, it can be anticipated that inclusion of recombinant Api g 2 in the current panel of allergens for molecule-based diagnosis will facilitate the evaluation of the clinical relevance of nsLTP sensitization in celery allergy and help clinicians in the management of food allergic patients. Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Enzymatic Conversion of Red Cells for Transfusion.

DTIC Science & Technology

1979-11-19

2 0 x( w m m w0 - 0 - - j to 3 >-4M m m Z 01 -4 -1 0 z 0 C< -< z z z m-0 r, 0 0 -" m 0 0 mu m -a > -4 m Lo m...q W >lM G)0 0- COO) ) vp 3 Z51 - - CO 2 - 0C 2 omz m zm > -nm~j m 0 w N4 0 ;o- 3 -42 m In Vm0 m mmc > -- 4 C, - -- 0 0 - 2 z C.. 2 m 0 > mff C) m --I ;K...6,11 NL Eu.. N3. r low I ,. 14.0. ~~I45 2 . 1.25 11 3.2 m,’ • .. .’ ’: MIRCP RESLIO N C AR .: S . , . II..1 %. I I" :I ’ 1 1 1 1

The Ruby UCSC API: accessing the UCSC genome database using Ruby.

PubMed

Mishima, Hiroyuki; Aerts, Jan; Katayama, Toshiaki; Bonnal, Raoul J P; Yoshiura, Koh-ichiro

2012-09-21

The University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) genome database is among the most used sources of genomic annotation in human and other organisms. The database offers an excellent web-based graphical user interface (the UCSC genome browser) and several means for programmatic queries. A simple application programming interface (API) in a scripting language aimed at the biologist was however not yet available. Here, we present the Ruby UCSC API, a library to access the UCSC genome database using Ruby. The API is designed as a BioRuby plug-in and built on the ActiveRecord 3 framework for the object-relational mapping, making writing SQL statements unnecessary. The current version of the API supports databases of all organisms in the UCSC genome database including human, mammals, vertebrates, deuterostomes, insects, nematodes, and yeast.The API uses the bin index-if available-when querying for genomic intervals. The API also supports genomic sequence queries using locally downloaded *.2bit files that are not stored in the official MySQL database. The API is implemented in pure Ruby and is therefore available in different environments and with different Ruby interpreters (including JRuby). Assisted by the straightforward object-oriented design of Ruby and ActiveRecord, the Ruby UCSC API will facilitate biologists to query the UCSC genome database programmatically. The API is available through the RubyGem system. Source code and documentation are available at https://github.com/misshie/bioruby-ucsc-api/ under the Ruby license. Feedback and help is provided via the website at http://rubyucscapi.userecho.com/.

The Ruby UCSC API: accessing the UCSC genome database using Ruby

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background The University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) genome database is among the most used sources of genomic annotation in human and other organisms. The database offers an excellent web-based graphical user interface (the UCSC genome browser) and several means for programmatic queries. A simple application programming interface (API) in a scripting language aimed at the biologist was however not yet available. Here, we present the Ruby UCSC API, a library to access the UCSC genome database using Ruby. Results The API is designed as a BioRuby plug-in and built on the ActiveRecord 3 framework for the object-relational mapping, making writing SQL statements unnecessary. The current version of the API supports databases of all organisms in the UCSC genome database including human, mammals, vertebrates, deuterostomes, insects, nematodes, and yeast. The API uses the bin index—if available—when querying for genomic intervals. The API also supports genomic sequence queries using locally downloaded *.2bit files that are not stored in the official MySQL database. The API is implemented in pure Ruby and is therefore available in different environments and with different Ruby interpreters (including JRuby). Conclusions Assisted by the straightforward object-oriented design of Ruby and ActiveRecord, the Ruby UCSC API will facilitate biologists to query the UCSC genome database programmatically. The API is available through the RubyGem system. Source code and documentation are available at https://github.com/misshie/bioruby-ucsc-api/ under the Ruby license. Feedback and help is provided via the website at http://rubyucscapi.userecho.com/. PMID:22994508

Component-resolved evaluation of the content of major allergens in therapeutic extracts for specific immunotherapy of honeybee venom allergy

PubMed Central

Blank, Simon; Etzold, Stefanie; Darsow, Ulf; Schiener, Maximilian; Eberlein, Bernadette; Russkamp, Dennis; Wolf, Sara; Graessel, Anke; Biedermann, Tilo; Ollert, Markus; Schmidt-Weber, Carsten B.

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only curative treatment of honeybee venom (HBV) allergy, which is able to protect against further anaphylactic sting reactions. Recent analyses on a molecular level have demonstrated that HBV represents a complex allergen source that contains more relevant major allergens than formerly anticipated. Moreover, allergic patients show very diverse sensitization profiles with the different allergens. HBV-specific immunotherapy is conducted with HBV extracts which are derived from pure venom. The allergen content of these therapeutic extracts might differ due to natural variations of the source material or different down-stream processing strategies of the manufacturers. Since variations of the allergen content of therapeutic HBV extracts might be associated with therapeutic failure, we adressed the component-resolved allergen composition of different therapeutic grade HBV extracts which are approved for immunotherapy in numerous countries. The extracts were analyzed for their content of the major allergens Api m 1, Api m 2, Api m 3, Api m 5 and Api m 10. Using allergen-specific antibodies we were able to demonstrate the underrepresentation of relevant major allergens such as Api m 3, Api m 5 and Api m 10 in particular therapeutic extracts. Taken together, standardization of therapeutic extracts by determination of the total allergenic potency might imply the intrinsic pitfall of losing information about particular major allergens. Moreover, the variable allergen composition of different therapeutic HBV extracts might have an impact on therapy outcome and the clinical management of HBV-allergic patients with specific IgE to particular allergens. PMID:28494206

A Signal Processing Algorithm Based on Multiple Microprocessors for an Underwater Acoustic Imaging System.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-12-01

identified by the 49 4 UJ 4 4JJ 4A ww U- *i 0 tao Cv4- 50-0 trace) indicated that the bus usage was 7.9% of the loop’s execution time. The number of...1S Wc 0 4 wW 1 C, .- L 3 WQ - is = IViu4 W" L - &’aoI c O: W " Cn -- I C I0 " L =l- *. at C mW C 4 isq - is Ca W WCC .. .- C.- a .of C-( i I X0"e , Lw

Development of Specialized Equipment to Measure Piezoelectric Coefficients of Polymer Piezoelectric Materials,

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-02-22

definition g.l = (Voc/t)(F/wt) = field/stress 2. C =KT K 1E w/t (parallel plate capacitdnce formula) ’. VL = Voc Cx’/CL for CL > Cx 4.v g/wF Kt Eoewlt...V = (g3 1 /w)F 2. V L =(Cg/c,.v oc 3. V =(Cg/CL)(g31/w)F 4. Vstd = "d3 3"/C std F 5. V L/ Vst d = (C /C ) (g ’)(C /"d " )Sg L 31 std 33 01. 6. R (in...34 and the second T " e’hicial Note No. 1 - Theory of the use of Channel Products (’DT (X() d., meteor to measure d31 direct.]y on Piezoelect.rlc Ceramic

Rapid identification of Prototheca species by the API 20C system.

PubMed Central

Padhye, A A; Baker, J G; D'Amato, R F

1979-01-01

The conventional auxanographic method of testing for the assimilation of carbohydrates and alcohols by the various species of Prototheca requires at least 2 weeks of incubation at 25 to 30 degrees C before definitive results are obtained. Even though Prototheca spp., in culture as well as in fixed tissues, can be identified more rapidly by fluorescent-antibody techniques in which species-specific reagents are used, such diagnostic facilities and reagents are not available in most diagnostic laboratories. The API 20C clinical yeast identification system, a commercially available ready-to-use micromethod, was found to permit the definitive identification of P. stagnora, P. wickerhamii, and P. zopfii within 4 days. Images PMID:393722

List of Inspected Tank Barges and Tankships

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

C) CC’ L-4 I-I. tD w V) 8.L T 4 I-I a 0 7 z 70 70 z7 ab 2! 7.I in -9 00 M T 0 x 0 0 t0 0 t3 M wA (0 a a ty m 0 0 LA UN U 0 C3 U’N C; N; ’ ’ ’ - N C...4 0 4 4C 13&; 51 a 2I x~ -i wt W tD . w3 9 1 0& C) 1 w I U4 ox’. 94. 0: .5 It o 5A (Z it CorI.- .5L LD D w U) N-CLPp0l 0w . 0 a. ts. m5. t49- -1 0...7IL a,& 1 -j & I m 7’ en.I.1 . 4. co 4 m I f r.) ’N a, 𔃺 a, U. U. N4.’ ,sL a .4 r .47 . 󈧭u 1. X- D2 4.. a. t. x 43 N P. tD Il ’DX 03 P X tm. I V , r

Rheology Guided Rational Selection of Processing Temperature To Prepare Copovidone-Nifedipine Amorphous Solid Dispersions via Hot Melt Extrusion (HME).

PubMed

Yang, Fengyuan; Su, Yongchao; Zhang, Jingtao; DiNunzio, James; Leone, Anthony; Huang, Chengbin; Brown, Chad D

2016-10-03

The production of amorphous solid dispersions via hot melt extrusion (HME) relies on elevated temperature and prolonged residence time, which can result in potential degradation and decomposition of thermally sensitive components. Herein, the rheological properties of a physical mixture of polymer and an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) were utilized to guide the selection of appropriate HME processing temperature. In the currently studied copovidone-nifedipine system, a critical temperature, which is substantially lower (∼13 °C) than the melting point of crystalline API, was captured during a temperature ramp examination and regarded as the critical point at which the API could molecularly dissolve into the polymer. Based on the identification of this critical point, various solid dispersions were prepared by HME processing below, at, and above the critical temperature (both below and above the melting temperature (T m ) of crystalline API). In addition, the resultant extrudates along with two control solid dispersions prepared by physical mixing and cryogenic milling were assessed by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, hot stage microscopy, rheology, and solid-state NMR. Physicochemical properties of resultant solid dispersions indicated that the identified critical temperature is sufficient for the polymer-API system to reach a molecular-level mixing, manifested by the transparent and smooth appearance of extrudates, the absence of API crystalline diffraction and melting peaks, dramatically decreased rheological properties, and significantly improved polymer-API miscibility. Once the critical temperature has been achieved, further raising the processing temperature only results in limited improvement of API dispersion, reflected by slightly reduced storage modulus and complex viscosity and limited improvement in miscibility.

The API 120: A portable neutron generator for the associated particle technique

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chichester, D. L.; Lemchak, M.; Simpson, J. D.

2005-12-01

The API 120 is a lightweight, portable neutron generator for active neutron interrogation (ANI) field work exploiting the associated particle technique. It incorporates a small sealed-tube accelerator, an all digital control system with smart on-board diagnostics, a simple platform-independent control interface and a comprehensive safety interlock philosophy with provisions for wireless control. The generator operates in a continuous output mode using either the D-D or D-T fusion reactions. To register the helium ion associated with fusion, the system incorporates a high resolution fiber optic imaging plate that may be coated with one of several different phosphors. The ion beam on the target measures less than 2 mm in diameter, thus making the system suitable for multi-dimensional imaging. The system is rated at 1E7 n/s for over 1000 h although higher yields are possible. The overall weight is 12 kg; power consumption is less than 50 W.

Characterization of Arab medium crude fractions with emphasis on kinematic viscosity - temperature behavior

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Beg, S.A.; Amin, M.B.; Hussain, I.

1986-01-01

Characterization of Arab medium Crude Oil, has been carried out in terms of API gravity, debutanized crude gravity, total sulfur content, Reid vapour pressure ash content, heating value, salt content, viscosity SUS, vanadium content as V/sub 2/O/sub 5/, pour point and analysis of various metals. Further, six true boiling point (TBP) fractions (IBP-95/sup 0/C, 95-205/sup 0/C, 205-260/sup 0/C, 260-345/sup 0/C, 345-455/sup 0/C and 455/sup 0/C+) of this crude were characterized in terms of API gravity, total sulfur contents H/sub 2/S content, mercaptons content, molecular weight, elemental analyses for total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, analyses of various metals and paraffin, aromaticmore » and naphthene contents of lighter fractions. The kinematic viscosity-temperature data have been obtained for 95/sup 0/C+ TBP fractions for a wide range of temperatures.« less

Space Stations.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-04-01

4 C X 0Z C X - . -0 a m -- L ( U -. W 0 t a - a L 0 r 0 5 U w ( U f i C 0 -a- .. s -an 21.Z IZ W 0 *1 0 0 5 a . - C o ag CL W3 Iz, go, Cc’s "X i -J...50 4- a o r.) LU 0 . A9 0 A (A0 - -VZ % AG 0n W.- C-C- ’-O CL N. L) a D > ) InS r -a 0a C 4 C065 E- 04- 0j cv c I- 0 L U) a -- C GD - - L -z Cd ~J C 1...0 0 -C 041 a OC 0. CW0 McL (n. C/C w. &U - 0. a) O : 0 JC O V EW( W WC -’ - C’. 2 0. L U 0- U 0 10---id - ’D 4)c C(C C’d 0. E- aG do il- W WCD C E L C

Geolocation of Source Interference from a Single Satellite with Multiple Antennas

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

Newman , Rudy Panholzer, and Al Scott for volunteering your time to “murder board” this thesis. Your suggestions and critiques have significantly...components must belong to a Parent object. This concept summarizes the description of this section thus far. In order for these scalar...the Parent object of the Data Element scalar calculation. 64 D. THE GRAPHICAL PROCESS All of the STK calculations in Part C provided the ground

Providing a USSD location based clinic finder in South Africa: did it work?

PubMed

Parsons, Annie Neo; Timler, Dagmar

2014-01-01

A new mHealth service, Clinic Finder, was designed to provide a location-based service for any cellphone user in South Africa dialing a dedicated USSD string to find the nearest public primary health care facility. The service was funded by a European Union grant to Cell-Life to support the National Department of Health. Clinic Finder's aims were to provide a reliable and accurate service, and to assess both the most effective means of advertising the service as well as interest in the service. Users dialing the USSD string are asked to agree to geo-location (Vodacom and MTN users) or asked to enter their province, town and street (virtual network users and those choosing not to geo-locate). The service provider, AAT, sends the data to Cell-Life where an SMS with details of the nearest public primary health care facility is sent to the user by Cell-Life's open-source Communicate platform. The service was advertised on 3 days in 2014 using two different means: a newspaper ad on 20 May 2014 and Please Call Me ads on 30 July 2014 and 14 August 2014. 28.2% of unique users on 20 May 2014, 10.5% of unique users on 30 July 2014 and 92.8% of unique users on 14 August 2014 who agreed to geo-location successfully received SMSs. However, only 4.2%, 0.5%, and 2.4% of unique users responding to each advertisement who did not geo-locate then received an SMS. A small survey of users following the 20 May 2014 newspaper ad found overall interest in the idea of Clinic Finder, though unsuccessful users were more likely to dislike the service. The overall experience of using location based services and USSD for Clinic Finder suggests a need in the field of mHealth for wider availability of data on service usability and effectiveness.

49 CFR 192.8 - How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering lines determined?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

...? (a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), to determine if an... section. (1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of API RP 80. This...

49 CFR 192.8 - How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering lines determined?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

...? (a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), to determine if an... section. (1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of API RP 80. This...

49 CFR 192.8 - How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering lines determined?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

...? (a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), to determine if an... section. (1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of API RP 80. This...

30 CFR 250.920 - What are the MMS requirements for assessment of fixed platforms?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

.... Assessment categories are defined in API RP 2A-WSD, Section 17.3. If MMS objects to the assessment category... more restrictive level (see Sections 17.2.1 through 17.2.5 of API RP 2A-WSD for a description of... assessment process of API RP 2A-WSD. You must submit applications for your mitigation actions (e.g., repair...

49 CFR 192.8 - How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering lines determined?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

...? (a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), to determine if an... section. (1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of API RP 80. This...

49 CFR 192.8 - How are onshore gathering lines and regulated onshore gathering lines determined?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

...? (a) An operator must use API RP 80 (incorporated by reference, see § 192.7), to determine if an... section. (1) The beginning of gathering, under section 2.2(a)(1) of API RP 80, may not extend beyond the furthermost downstream point in a production operation as defined in section 2.3 of API RP 80. This...

LDEF - 69 Months in Space. First Post-Retrieval Symposium. Proceeding of a symposium held in Kissimmee, Florida, 2-8 June 1991.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-01-01

Gregory, Ligia C. Christi and Ganesh N. Raikar vin LDEF EXPERIMENT AO034: ATOMIC OXYGEN STIMULATED OUTGAS SING 763 Roger C. Linton, Rachel R. Kamenetzky...A 8/27/90 1 Micron Stylus Radius 1 Mg Stylus Loading rW^wV^WvANw/VW^ W ,’"’’M’*****W^^ 150 SCRN LENGTH (microns) 350 4E 450^ e £00...4-^ 4-5 rt3-t- CL S-4-J «J ~CJ +J U ^’ CO V> 3 ! T3 XS -O <: c: 3 c o O 00 o 5* CO <JS ?*ssasssBsss;;>s!ss

Electrochemical Synthesis of Binary Carbides of Tungsten and Iron (Nickel, Cobalt) in Halide-Oxide Melts at 823 K

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kushkhov, Hasbi; Adamokova, Marina; Kvashin, Vitalij; Kardanov, Anzor; Gramoteeva, Svetlana

2007-12-01

Iron, cobalt and nickel powders are used as binding components for the production of articles of tungsten carbide by the hot pressing method. This fact and the unique properties of binary carbides of tungsten-iron triad metals encouraged the search for new ways of their synthesis. In the present work, the attempt to synthezise binary tungsten-nickel (cobalt, iron) carbides in molten KCl-NaCl-CsCl at 823 K was made. As a result of voltammetry research, it was established that in eutectic KCl-NaCl-CsCl melts the deposition potentials ofWand Ni (Co, Fe) differ by 150 - 350 mV from each other, which makes their co-deposition difficult. It is possible to shift the deposition potentials of tungsten and metals of the iron triad metals towards each other by changing the acid-base properties of the melt. The products of electrolysis in these molten system were identified by X-ray analysis. They are mixtures of tungsten and nickel (cobalt, iron) carbides: Ni2W4C, W6C2.54; Co3W3C, Co6W6C, W2C, Co3C; FeW3C.

Chronic exposure of a honey bee colony to 2.45 GHz continuous wave microwaves

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Westerdahl, B. B.; Gary, N. E.

1981-01-01

A honey bee colony (Apis mellifera L.) was exposed 28 days to 2.45 GHz continuous wave microwaves at a power density (1 mW/sq cm) expected to be associated with rectennae in the solar power satellite power transmission system. Differences found between the control and microwave-treated colonies were not large, and were in the range of normal variation among similar colonies. Thus, there is an indication that microwave treatment had little, if any, effect on (1) flight and pollen foraging activity, (2) maintenance of internal colony temperature, (3) brood rearing activity, (4) food collection and storage, (5) colony weight, and (6) adult populations. Additional experiments are necessary before firm conclusions can be made.

Controlled nucleation in freeze-drying: effects on pore size in the dried product layer, mass transfer resistance, and primary drying rate.

PubMed

Konstantinidis, Alex K; Kuu, Wei; Otten, Lori; Nail, Steven L; Sever, Robert R

2011-08-01

A novel and scalable method has been developed to enable control of the ice nucleation step for the freezing process during lyophilization. This method manipulates the chamber pressure of the freeze dryer to simultaneously induce nucleation in all product vials at a desired temperature. The effects of controlled nucleation on the drying rate of various formulations including 5% (w/w) mannitol, 5% (w/w) sucrose, and a mixture of 3% (w/w) mannitol and 2% (w/w) sucrose were studied. For a 5% (w/w) mannitol, uncontrolled ice nucleation occurred randomly at product temperatures between -8.0°C and -15.9°C as the vials were cooled to -40°C. Controlled ice nucleation was achieved at product temperatures between -2.3°C and -3.7°C. The effect of nucleation control on the effective pore radius (r(e) ) of the cake was determined from the product temperature profiles using a pore diffusion model in combination with a nonlinear parameter estimation approach reported earlier. Results show that the value of r(e) for 5% (w/w) mannitol was enlarged from 13 to 27 μm by uniformly inducing nucleation at higher temperatures. Applying the resistance parameters obtained from the pore diffusion model for 5% (w/w) mannitol, optimized cycles were theoretically generated and experimentally tested, resulting in a 41% reduction in primary drying time. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Prime Contractors with Awards Over $25,000 by Name, Location, and Contract Number. Fiscal Year 1993. (1079 Construction Corp-Centre Manufacturing Co Inc.). Part 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

EZ 8 44 1- 1.. z 4L ZP u u 0 w Pa8 d 4i) 0 4.z’ 04 ~u 0 4 ) 4.~0 0:. 0W .w- w A.0 tD U.4 0) 0 4 4 4 0W IEu 40 IA. 0 W 42 4n z 4E ww W ta U4 m 4 4 U L...N 0 0kI ~II~(~ ( ~0~c ~IC I N I~(~I~0 01C 4 N( 04i..4 II .4 󈧄W00 IC0 Q 44 -4 0ൈ 00 00 0 1 .Z0 0 00ZZ 4 Is,00 00 0 0 ZI0I wc > 0 3a I Q I4b oo...1 m 3t 024.223 E g r 𔃺 4 to wi L8 z- z . 4L c o Wm 4l H z " E. w 0~ 4lL 44 W a U3 TD W xP 4 j 4 ) W V) F-4 4 4 1 w2 C. : 40 ’s U Q IN 0 1 0 0 0 0

Organic Compounds in the Exhaust of a J85-5 Turbine Engine

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

8217 rcoe E)a•se, Teyxes uno r job vrder 79?31D-11-1H ilhen J.. averegt , spe: i czt ~ 1 -s , oir r=the data are used -’) an 7,rx~se oither than 2: rei...the USAFSAM sorption tube atmospheric sample system ( AF Invention No. 12,052; U.S. Patent No. 4,170,901). The collected samples were analyzed with a...f ’a- @1. 06 a C L v M~~I w ,a!j 1 ’l l .1 cNm l c0 w EL In c , .0 0 ) d’ 3 G)I’ c af a c. I%0 111 , 3 >1u w z w" r ojn 3..c N m enj m L. Nuw X >- 12

Dollar Summary of Federal Supply Classification and Service Category by Company. Part 5 (Z119-Z299)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

a 1- U) 1- 0 W)U ) ~ U ) ~ ~ U ) ~ ~ U 4 U 00I- 43m m 0 0WIZ 4o x - Ip I 4 ce - Ne- " OI ZI4 0> I- E 0W 6 w m. U .4 CK()1 . 0 (A- F- " a U C ).- U C...I C I 11 Ip I I* a I C C C C C c c C c C c C C c c c c C c C rIi; 1It " . . . . . . . .I * I co = 2 I. I 11 4 - 4 -4 - 4 -4 -4 - 4 -4 - - IW a4 0 4...4. a 2 3S 3 m -c in 03 4 C 2 U 4 U-c Us o z " Co VOZ U . . c~ PU- U Ř C C 1 in O0. ) 34 cc C 1-4 0 =n in " I- C (A 0w 0-4 044 0 0 0 0. U 0 4w h I01 I

Integration of Experience API Into CDET’s E-Learning

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

based on customers ’ actual usage on a transaction basis. Value-based Penetration Pricing • Market segments where buyers have high price...they need to accomplish the course learning objectives (see Figure 6). This method allows each student to customize their own learning experiences ... EXPERIENCE API INTO CDET’S E- LEARNING by Clayton C. MacAloney June 2016 Thesis Advisor: Man-Tak Shing Co-Advisor: Arijit Das THIS PAGE

Developing of Library for Proofs of Data Possession in Charm

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-06-01

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK x LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS API Application Programmer Interface DTP Datatype -preserving Encryption FedRAMP U.S...proposed block-cipher mode for Datatype -Preserving Encryption (DTP) uses the Knuth Shuffle in one of its steps [19]. It may be advantageous to...http://www.clustal.org/omega/clustalo-api/util_8c.html. [19] U. T. Mattsson, “Format-controlling encryption using datatype -preserving encryption

Worldwide U.S. Active Duty Military Deaths: Alphabetical Index by Name, (Aakhus Daniel Joseph - Zysk Carol Rose), October 1, 1979 thru September 30, 1993

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

0 w -’-wwI 0 x j- j 00-j4"Zw:3 w 0( 4 0o -J -J -oe-o 4z £0 wZ OO z£𔃾 wix 0wx 0LU ’-4 £0I-41-4000 n 4 0C L 00)1 0 Z0 - - - J z 441 3A cc’-j4A aA CL...4 0 I-4 0oZ.j". o 0 X 0 < oo0 0 w w < " I.- 5 i- I..l34 Z- w - 44. x w 0m -44 41 4 z .444.. wIx 0U) 0 _jZ00 Z00_ jw< e< c J- w 4 . .. z-Cc w w "x w...W >> 0 00 1.-)-) :1-- x I-- ww>3 n9N14 wwmOwmOwb bEbEbE E UbEbE -414 bE ULJ E LU uE wEb EU b Eb EU b Eb Eb Eb Eb 00 0 0 w w 0c ~)00 00 0 0 P4 U- A

Thermal Chemistry of Cp*W(NO)(CH2CMe3)(H)(L) Complexes (L = Lewis Base).

PubMed

Fabulyak, Diana; Handford, Rex C; Holmes, Aaron S; Levesque, Taleah M; Wakeham, Russell J; Patrick, Brian O; Legzdins, Peter; Rosenfeld, Devon C

2017-01-03

The complexes trans-Cp*W(NO)(CH 2 CMe 3 )(H)(L) (Cp* = η 5 -C 5 Me 5 ) result from the treatment of Cp*W(NO)(CH 2 CMe 3 ) 2 in n-pentane with H 2 (∼1 atm) in the presence of a Lewis base, L. The designation of a particular geometrical isomer as cis or trans indicates the relative positions of the alkyl and hydrido ligands in the base of a four-legged piano-stool molecular structure. The thermal behavior of these complexes is markedly dependent on the nature of L. Some of them can be isolated at ambient temperatures [e.g., L = P(OMe) 3 , P(OPh) 3 , or P(OCH 2 ) 3 CMe]. Others undergo reductive elimination of CMe 4 via trans to cis isomerization to generate the 16e reactive intermediates Cp*W(NO)(L). These intermediates can intramolecularly activate a C-H bond of L to form 18e cis complexes that may convert to the thermodynamically more stable trans isomers [e.g., Cp*W(NO)(PPh 3 ) initially forms cis-Cp*W(NO)(H)(κ 2 -PPh 2 C 6 H 4 ) that upon being warmed in n-pentane at 80 °C isomerizes to trans-Cp*W(NO)(H)(κ 2 -PPh 2 C 6 H 4 )]. Alternatively, the Cp*W(NO)(L) intermediates can effect the intermolecular activation of a substrate R-H to form trans-Cp*W(NO)(R)(H)(L) complexes [e.g., L = P(OMe) 3 or P(OCH 2 ) 3 CMe; R-H = C 6 H 6 or Me 4 Si] probably via their cis isomers. These latter activations are also accompanied by the formation of some Cp*W(NO)(L) 2 disproportionation products. An added complication in the L = P(OMe) 3 system is that thermolysis of trans-Cp*W(NO)(CH 2 CMe 3 )(H)(P(OMe) 3 ) results in it undergoing an Arbuzov-like rearrangement and being converted mainly into [Cp*W(NO)(Me)(PO(OMe) 2 )] 2 , which exists as a mixture of two isomers. All new complexes have been characterized by conventional and spectroscopic methods, and the solid-state molecular structures of most of them have been established by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analyses.

Modification to Math Model for Small Independent Action Forces (SIAF)

DTIC Science & Technology

1973-12-15

counterdetection situations. 1 6905-6008-RO-00 Page 2-44 WOcc = &&ls-.4 ZI- Lw _ _ _c__ _ _ _c z I.- 1 0 & a dC n u4.3C w 4.3 4n4 WLU cs td .~ 1--AiI I.- .C uj w...i et. - - S - U , )UU U aIA ~ U tiu W WQ wi W W U w td - l l -i M iA .j CA -o *m *o mc mc fP6-133 󈨁 a~ Ac a S o- I N S ag I 9E 30. Q CY " a𔃻 aac...I- 4f ow060 0 OLCO0 wuCo; O ~"-j~ I UzAc 30 1bd 4 OW b D- 6- 4bd d fo 6 udOw od Ś.464 .4 d Ot 6- 64W 6 b*64t PaI 7-55 NiI II a j l! I 1/. a

Routine blood tests to predict liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.

PubMed

Hsieh, Yung-Yu; Tung, Shui-Yi; Lee, Kamfai; Wu, Cheng-Shyong; Wei, Kuo-Liang; Shen, Chien-Heng; Chang, Te-Sheng; Lin, Yi-Hsiung

2012-02-28

To verify the usefulness of FibroQ for predicting fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C, compared with other noninvasive tests. This retrospective cohort study included 237 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis C who had undergone percutaneous liver biopsy before treatment. FibroQ, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase ratio (AAR), AST to platelet ratio index, cirrhosis discriminant score, age-platelet index (API), Pohl score, FIB-4 index, and Lok's model were calculated and compared. FibroQ, FIB-4, AAR, API and Lok's model results increased significantly as fibrosis advanced (analysis of variance test: P < 0.001). FibroQ trended to be superior in predicting significant fibrosis score in chronic hepatitis C compared with other noninvasive tests. FibroQ is a simple and useful test for predicting significant fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Measuring change over time: the use of geotagged photographs to evaluate the weathering of monuments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doehne, E.

2012-04-01

Evaluating the condition of weathered stone surfaces on a monument, building or sculpture requires information on how those surfaces have evolved. In a number of cases, the documentation related to a site or object is either not readily available or has been lost (due to war, fire, etc.). Exploring the use of geotagged photographs to supplement the evaluation of surface changes to monuments was tested using two sites: the Mausoleum at the Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California and the Duomo in Florence, Italy. Increasingly, photographs are being geo-located or geotagged, either automatically via GPS/WiFi or manually. Geolocation tags increase the value of a photograph to researchers by providing the geographic location where the image was taken, often along with the date and time the photograph was acquired. Estimates of the number of geolocated photographs posted to the Internet include 148 million on Flickr.com (as of June 3, 2011) increasing to 172 million as of January 15, 2012. On Panarimo.com five million geolocated images were archived as of October 2007. Tools such as auto-geotag and PhotoOverlay are making it easier for users to locate and exactly position existing photographs and historic photographs on sites such as Google Earth (PhotoOverlays are images that are directly embedded in the Google Earth's landscape). 42 photo sharing websites are listed currently on Wikipedia, with seven having Alexa rankings of less than 200, indicating the popularity of photo sharing and the vast nature of this resource. Preliminary results from the Huntington and the Duomo indicate that geolocated images are indeed a useful tool for aiding in understanding stone weathering patterns and changes over time. However, greater software support and new tools are needed to enable researchers to search, organize and analyze groups of photographs from a single geolocation. Such software would have obvious uses beyond the conservation of monuments. For example, insurance, tourism and real estate companies are also interested in evaluating how buildings and land-use have changed over time. Context: Central to making decisions concerning the preservation of patrimony is the practical issue of monitoring material change over time. Is an intervention effective? Should a sculpture be moved indoors or a structure sheltered? Efficiently measuring changes in heritage materials is a significant scientific and logistical challenge to preserving our cultural legacy in stone. Conservation professionals in charge of the long-term survival of material cultural heritage need to know how fast and why these materials change. With a baseline in place, decisions regarding resource allocation and conservation interventions can more readily be made from a basis of scientific understanding. Lacking a baseline, it can be difficult, if not impossible, to evaluate the effectiveness of a preservation intervention or treatment.

Challenges and issues of geolocation in clinical environment.

PubMed

Issom, David-Zacharie; Hagry, Claire; Wodia Mendo, Laetitia; Seng, Henry; Ehrler, Frederic; Lovis, Christian

2012-01-01

Reaching a good indoor geolocation without deploying extensive and expensive infrastructure is a challenge, because satellite positioning system is not available indoors. Geolocation could be of major use in healthcare facilities; to help care providers, visitors and patients to navigate, to improve movements and flows efficiency or to implement location-awareness systems. A system able to provide the location of a person in a hospital requires precision, multi-floors and obstacles management and should also perform in basements and outdoors. Such system needs also to be insensitive to environmental variations occurring in a hospital. These changes may be various kinds of obstacles. These can be the displacement of metallic objects, metallic machines, strong magnetic fields or simply human displacement. A system conforming to the above requirements can also answer various security questions, operational workflow management but also assist movement of people.

Multi-ball and one-ball geolocation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, D. J.; Townsend, J. L.

2017-05-01

We present analysis methods that may be used to geolocate emitters using one or more moving receivers. While some of the methods we present may apply to a broader class of signals, our primary interest is locating and tracking ships from short pulsed transmissions, such as the maritime Automatic Identification System (AIS.) The AIS signal is difficult to process and track since the pulse duration is only 25 milliseconds, and the pulses may only be transmitted every six to ten seconds. In this article, we address several problems including accurate TDOA and FDOA estimation methods that do not require searching a two dimensional surface such as the cross-ambiguity surface. As an example, we apply these methods to identify and process AIS pulses from a single emitter, making it possible to geolocate the AIS signal using a single moving receiver.

Creating context: making sense of geo-location and social media data for health.

PubMed

Williams, Patricia A H

2013-01-01

Information that is persistently collected, unrelated to direct clinical care may be a Pandora's Box for health improvement and monitoring. The use and linkage of disparate data sources, particularly those relating to geo-location and social media present enormous opportunities and challenges for healthcare. To date these sources have been difficult to harness and make sense of, yet they are now beginning to be exploited. It is the innovation in analytic methodology that may hold the key if the issues that may confound the results can be addressed. These issues are encompassed in privacy, and with the scientific quality and completeness of the data. The future for alternative application of geo-location and social media data is here and now, and if they can be harnessed carefully, healthcare may be the biggest beneficiary.

AFOSR Technical Report Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-09-01

A)m 41CI- z) 3 0 -L M W ) 4- 4’ CL i0 .C4j tD 030 a - 10.C LU)I 4- -- L 00 (a -03 533 m) m0 O JL NI Cz( . 203 0 03 u4 0 02 E - 4, CL L 1 % 4 034 0 m...8217 04% UC >( L 0. I M 1 0- 0. L 0 L - ~C 4 0 4 1 W L4 -001 - CM 1 u-E22E e (U O~0U. ’-03; - >0 t a CC L0 C) - tD L" - I& 0 (U IA -4 L 0(Z4UOCCC;E - 04...Lu 0 z r U. (D~ 0 4) D- C " > C4, 3 4 (a , ( CF L 3: 41 (A 14 MCL- - 3UV ) L-44.’U C > > O 0 0- -.oA LL 0 C =W C 0CC- -C W JV M CU 4’ (A <Z V (A 4) > 4 Z

Synthesis of Ti3AuC2, Ti3Au2C2 and Ti3IrC2 by noble metal substitution reaction in Ti3SiC2 for high-temperature-stable Ohmic contacts to SiC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fashandi, Hossein; Dahlqvist, Martin; Lu, Jun; Palisaitis, Justinas; Simak, Sergei I.; Abrikosov, Igor A.; Rosen, Johanna; Hultman, Lars; Andersson, Mike; Lloyd Spetz, Anita; Eklund, Per

2017-08-01

The large class of layered ceramics encompasses both van der Waals (vdW) and non-vdW solids. While intercalation of noble metals in vdW solids is known, formation of compounds by incorporation of noble-metal layers in non-vdW layered solids is largely unexplored. Here, we show formation of Ti3AuC2 and Ti3Au2C2 phases with up to 31% lattice swelling by a substitutional solid-state reaction of Au into Ti3SiC2 single-crystal thin films with simultaneous out-diffusion of Si. Ti3IrC2 is subsequently produced by a substitution reaction of Ir for Au in Ti3Au2C2. These phases form Ohmic electrical contacts to SiC and remain stable after 1,000 h of ageing at 600 °C in air. The present results, by combined analytical electron microscopy and ab initio calculations, open avenues for processing of noble-metal-containing layered ceramics that have not been synthesized from elemental sources, along with tunable properties such as stable electrical contacts for high-temperature power electronics or gas sensors.

A Hearing-Loss Associated Myo1c Mutation (R156W) Decreases the Myosin Duty Ratio and Force Sensitivity†

PubMed Central

Lin, Tianming; Greenberg, Michael J.; Moore, Jeffrey R.; Ostap, E. Michael

2011-01-01

Myo1c is a member of the myosin superfamily that has been proposed to function as the adaptation motor in vestibular and auditory hair cells. A recent study identified a myo1c point mutation (R156W) in a person with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. This mutated residue is located at the start of the highly conserved switch-1 region, which is a crucial element for the binding of nucleotide. We characterized the key steps on the ATPase pathway at 37 °C using recombinant wild-type (myo1c3IQ) and mutant myo1c (R156W-myo1c3IQ) constructs that consist of the motor domain and three IQ motifs. The R156W mutation only moderately affects the rates of ATP binding, ATP-induced actomyosin dissociation, and ADP release. The actin-activated ATPase rate of the mutant is inhibited > 4-fold, which is likely due to a decrease in the rate of phosphate release. The rate of actin gliding, as measured by the in vitro motility assay, is unaffected by the mutation at high myosin surface densities, but actin gliding is substantially reduced at low surface densities of R156W-myo1c3IQ. We used a frictional-loading assay to measure the affect of resisting forces on the rate of actin gliding and found that R156W-myo1c3IQ is less force sensitive than myo1c3IQ. Taken together, these results indicate that myo1c with the R156W mutation has a lower duty ratio than the wild-type protein and motile properties that are less sensitive to resisting forces. PMID:21265502

Installation Restoration Program. Phase 2. Confirmation/Quantification. Stage 1. Air Force Plant 4, Fort Worth, Texas. Volume 3. Appendix A-1 (Continued).

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-12-01

GAO 0 2L -4e- - Lq*Lio rol -4 1 IOU CI S W a G-v a. IV0 0 J= C. Ic LG 4sa C...8217 ’ ~ -i CIj -43j ~LU . l co r I_- z3 335 0- C= cu w- CDP aIC. *I lr_ - CkIJ LA-. n= C G C=> gao ’ GeL) =31 CAEl = C- C-10. LLaJ 1= w CL -* I t CI or SLLJ...6- Z u - a a qcrLLJ < nC Liu~ LI i LL.J CL. w <r LL <r 03 440 -x C= cn z4 -. - XM Z~ A ~ ’’ ~ "~’ , 4 *.\\~.S~4’N’~~’ - Iz JINI 1 *~ I- LLW W, a,

Descriptive Summaries for Program Elements of the Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army FY 2001.. Volume 1 Budget Activities 1, 2 and 3

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-02-01

HH N N N O...t-~C-~000\\0\\00’-H<N H Z H Z O u o w 3 I OH o _1 w Q O O 00 .9 tä 8 CO t/2 £ «PS U Kl O S ~ ^ H IT W "K "S r3 & HH ...5 JB du U S et .3-3 « iäS.S > V T3 O c9 CS _ _ u ö u W Sa ’S « K ’C __ o. g 33 2 u a § « 5 »* e o S o s a

Identification of bacteria in pasteurized zucchini purées stored at different temperatures and comparison with those found in other pasteurized vegetable purées.

PubMed

Guinebretiere, M H; Berge, O; Normand, P; Morris, C; Carlin, F; Nguyen-The, C

2001-10-01

One hundred nineteen isolates from a commercial zucchini purée stored at 4, 10, and 20 to 25 degrees C were fingerprinted using repetitive sequence-based PCR (REP-PCR) and classified into 35 REP types. One representative isolate of each REP type was subsequently identified by API50CHB/20E profile and partial rrs gene sequence analysis. Nine REP types were misidentified by the API system. Strains were misidentified as being in the Bacillus circulans (group 2) API taxon or in taxa with a low number of positive API characters such as Brevibacillus brevis. A phylogenetic analysis pointed to one new species of Bacillus and three new species of Paenibacillus among the misidentified REP types. Bacterial components in zucchini purée were compared phenotypically with those obtained in previous work on broccoli, carrot, leek, potato, and split pea purées, based on simple matching coefficient and unweighted pair group method with averages cluster analysis. Out of 254 strains, 69 strains previously identified as B. circulans (group 2) or B. circulans/B. macerans/B. polymyxa were assigned to a new Paenibacillus taxon phylogenetically related to P. azotofixans. Storage conditions at 4 degrees C favored the development of "B. macroides/B. maroccanus" and Paenibacillus spp. in zucchini purées and Paenibacillus spp. in other purées. Storage conditions at 20 to 25 degrees C favored the development of B. subtilis group (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and B. cereus group strains. At 10 degrees C, Paenibacillus spp. were always present at high frequencies, whereas the occurrence of B. macroides/B. maroccanus (in zucchini purées), B. cereus, and B. pumilus varied with the experiment.

Identification of Bacteria in Pasteurized Zucchini Purées Stored at Different Temperatures and Comparison with Those Found in Other Pasteurized Vegetable Purées

PubMed Central

Guinebretiere, Marie-Hélène; Berge, Odile; Normand, Philippe; Morris, Cindy; Carlin, Frédéric; Nguyen-The, Christophe

2001-01-01

One hundred nineteen isolates from a commercial zucchini purée stored at 4, 10, and 20 to 25°C were fingerprinted using repetitive sequence-based PCR (REP-PCR) and classified into 35 REP types. One representative isolate of each REP type was subsequently identified by API50CHB/20E profile and partial rrs gene sequence analysis. Nine REP types were misidentified by the API system. Strains were misidentified as being in the Bacillus circulans (group 2) API taxon or in taxa with a low number of positive API characters such as Brevibacillus brevis. A phylogenetic analysis pointed to one new species of Bacillus and three new species of Paenibacillus among the misidentified REP types. Bacterial components in zucchini purée were compared phenotypically with those obtained in previous work on broccoli, carrot, leek, potato, and split pea purées, based on simple matching coefficient and unweighted pair group method with averages cluster analysis. Out of 254 strains, 69 strains previously identified as B. circulans (group 2) or B. circulans/B. macerans/B. polymyxa were assigned to a new Paenibacillus taxon phylogenetically related to P. azotofixans. Storage conditions at 4°C favored the development of “B. macroides/B. maroccanus” and Paenibacillus spp. in zucchini purées and Paenibacillus spp. in other purées. Storage conditions at 20 to 25°C favored the development of B. subtilis group (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) and B. cereus group strains. At 10°C, Paenibacillus spp. were always present at high frequencies, whereas the occurrence of B. macroides/B. maroccanus (in zucchini purées), B. cereus, and B. pumilus varied with the experiment. PMID:11571151

Etching.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

4 - 0 2- G xC 0 .- 04.410Zt .0 f.-C 13-a U Z W:; LU OU SS 0 L = 0 . 6c C! tun a.- I- -. 4 *CZ=U K 0 2N 0 (3 A LWE’-0 Z W Z4 £C 0.C ?A C. V;, 4US CI US...z Q. cm -2 C’S *-D WX 4 an 0 N 4 W 0(A1 -O 0-C -C ZaW U. aNi x 400 C O CD0 0 00Ix - WA - C 0 0 C A. J -4 * 0-4 w~ aT L C M 0n N U- X ZOWO 2 %-0 IM

Camera Geolocation From Mountain Images

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-17

be reliably extracted from query images. However, in real-life scenarios the skyline in a query image may be blurred or invisible , due to occlusions...extracted from multiple mountain ridges is critical to reliably geolocating challenging real-world query images with blurred or invisible mountain skylines...Buddemeier, A. Bissacco, F. Brucher, T. Chua, H. Neven, and J. Yagnik, “Tour the world: building a web -scale landmark recognition engine,” in Proc. of

Man Portable Vector EMI Sensor for Full UXO Characterization

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-05-01

with project management and coordination. Drs. Laurens Beran, Leonard Pasion , and Stephen Billings advised on technical aspects and Dr. Gregory Schultz...approximated as a point dipole (e.g., Bell et al., 2001; Pasion and Oldenburg, 2001; Gasperikova et al., 2009). The process of estimating the target...39, 1286–1293. Bell, T. 2005. Geo-location Requirements for UXO Discrimination. SERDP Geo-location Workshop. Billings, S., L. Pasion , N. Lhomme

Man-Portable Vector (MPV) EMI Sensor for UXO Contamination Assessment at Former Spencer Artillery Range, Tennessee

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-04-16

instantaneous polarization model ( Pasion and Oldenburg, 2001). The target polarizability decay parameters are the main features for the ensuing...Bell, T., Geo-location Requirements for UXO Discrimination. SERDP Geo-location Workshop, 2005. Billings, S., Pasion , L., Lhomme, N. and Oldenburg...Report. ESTCP Project MR-201005, 2011b. Pasion , L. & Oldenburg, D., A Discrimination Algorithm for UXO Using Time Domain Electromagnetics. Journal of

Analysis And Augmentation Of Timing Advance Based Geolocation In Lte Cellular Networks

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-01

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA DISSERTATION ANALYSIS AND AUGMENTATION OF TIMING ADVANCE-BASED GEOLOCATION IN LTE CELLULAR NETWORKS by...estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the...AND SUBTITLE ANALYSIS AND AUGMENTATION OF TIMING ADVANCE-BASED GEOLOCA- TION IN LTE CELLULAR NETWORKS 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) John D. Roth 7

Authentication of Smartphone User Using RSSI Geolocation

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

of verifying a set of credentials to validate an authorized user. In computer security , three general factors are used for authentication...Department of Computer Science iv THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK v ABSTRACT This thesis attempts to authenticate a smartphone user by pattern...this study , RSSI data will be used because of its ability to provide geolocation indoors. The RSSI data of a user’s daily activity from a

Neutron Decay Electron Injection into the Magnetosphere.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-03-01

1000 Seconds After a Fission Burst, AFWL-TR-78-4 (November, 1978). 3. Hess, Wilmot N., The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere, Toronto: Blaisdell Pub. Co...0a z w :3 1.-- w Ix -j L ccz I-- -i Ui)z L) 0 x La I- z) La La x . 4 I z 0. 1- ua CD cn I- 4 0)-- Cw m LaE Cf . w- La w z- L ZI--V 1- 0 La IM w z 0 x 0...mD (a "- U) :3-4 La 0 -0 M ..jZ z IM Ix Z in zci o Z L M0 2 EnC woo >- I- c La V~)P) Z -0 -0 Z 0 ik: co u x U) 4. w cD-4 lz La >-ix - Cf ) wI- xL (lI I

Active Microparticle Media

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-09-01

if a(r,t) is any of these quantitites, then 7 a(r,t) = a0 + al(rwl) exp(- iwlt ) + al(r’w2 ) exp(-iw2 t) + 02 (r,w_) exp(-iwt) + a2 (r,w+) exp(-iw+t...02 (r,o) + a2 (r,2wI) exp(-2iwlt) + a2 (r,2w2 ) exp(-2iw2 t) + 0 3 (r,wl)exp(- iwlt ) + G3 (rgu 2 )exp(-1w2 t) + c.c. (6) where ao is the equilibrium

Prime Contract Awards Alphabetically by Contractor, State or Country, and Place. Part 4 (Cameo Farm, Washington, DC - Comspec Corp, Salt Lake City, Utah), FY1991

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-01-01

4 U) a I M-4 0 Of--I- -41-- (000 41- -4 r 00L." L A- ~ 000 LL 0.U oo L (0 W to 1-41W I M-1 10000 00 XC4 0.0 -4.4 (a xldcl x l xx x wx mem .IU -4 o 0...00000000000003- 4 3 -.1 -800 . 0 ICO v na m o o e o c c o c c o c c c z 0 OCa-a- o z mEm -4 NZ z w cI 0 himC30-4~L < i 4 44K u to 6I - Z0000000...nW-t 0 NN% "C1,1 MXO < < Z Z IS- 1CIA N SWOOOOD-0-411111100--00000000044 W3(0U W OHP C IO Ml - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 4)ൈ 1-1 HfE I

OSCAR API for Real-Time Low-Power Multicores and Its Performance on Multicores and SMP Servers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kimura, Keiji; Mase, Masayoshi; Mikami, Hiroki; Miyamoto, Takamichi; Shirako, Jun; Kasahara, Hironori

OSCAR (Optimally Scheduled Advanced Multiprocessor) API has been designed for real-time embedded low-power multicores to generate parallel programs for various multicores from different vendors by using the OSCAR parallelizing compiler. The OSCAR API has been developed by Waseda University in collaboration with Fujitsu Laboratory, Hitachi, NEC, Panasonic, Renesas Technology, and Toshiba in an METI/NEDO project entitled "Multicore Technology for Realtime Consumer Electronics." By using the OSCAR API as an interface between the OSCAR compiler and backend compilers, the OSCAR compiler enables hierarchical multigrain parallel processing with memory optimization under capacity restriction for cache memory, local memory, distributed shared memory, and on-chip/off-chip shared memory; data transfer using a DMA controller; and power reduction control using DVFS (Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling), clock gating, and power gating for various embedded multicores. In addition, a parallelized program automatically generated by the OSCAR compiler with OSCAR API can be compiled by the ordinary OpenMP compilers since the OSCAR API is designed on a subset of the OpenMP. This paper describes the OSCAR API and its compatibility with the OSCAR compiler by showing code examples. Performance evaluations of the OSCAR compiler and the OSCAR API are carried out using an IBM Power5+ workstation, an IBM Power6 high-end SMP server, and a newly developed consumer electronics multicore chip RP2 by Renesas, Hitachi and Waseda. From the results of scalability evaluation, it is found that on an average, the OSCAR compiler with the OSCAR API can exploit 5.8 times speedup over the sequential execution on the Power5+ workstation with eight cores and 2.9 times speedup on RP2 with four cores, respectively. In addition, the OSCAR compiler can accelerate an IBM XL Fortran compiler up to 3.3 times on the Power6 SMP server. Due to low-power optimization on RP2, the OSCAR compiler with the OSCAR API achieves a maximum power reduction of 84% in the real-time execution mode.

Study on a Cavitating Hydrofoil having a Practical Blade Profile Shape.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-10-31

and punched on regular IBM cards. These cards were conveniently used as input data for data reduction. The data acquisition system also has an...FIGURE 3.4 FLOW CONFIGURATION OF DOUBLE WAKE MODEL FOR PARTIALLY CAVITATING FOIL W =+ itp B C F T w St (pI FIGURE 3.5 POTENTIAL PLANE ia W T B C F W

Geographic List of Prime Contract Awards. Oct 92-Sep 93. FY 93. (Ada, Ohio-York County, Penn). Part 10

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

5 ARLINGTON, VA 22202-4302 "’APR 0 6 1994 STATMENT A, DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED, PER MS. JACKIE DAVIS WASHINGTON...HEADQUARTERS SERVICES ARLINGTON, VA. A 94-10329 ඦ 4 5 N014 639 UC (A In4 c Co.::C w (D 4-00- a . 0 ) 03W o3 41 CLOL: 0 U S 0 . -~’ 0 ’ 0 .w 4- I-u CLW41 CI co M (u...U 0 ) U - -03Ca) C 0j0 a) 0 4 ’’ m a) fe - - U1 - 0 Lo w3 4-. Q) UL a 0 c c M 4J 4 M [I 4 S- +1- 5 ’ V3 U, It

Mobile Phone Ownership Is Not a Serious Barrier to Participation in Studies: Descriptive Study

PubMed Central

Rubin, Leslie F; Smiley, Sabrina L; Zhou, Yitong; Elmasry, Hoda; Pearson, Jennifer L

2018-01-01

Background Rather than providing participants with study-specific data collection devices, their personal mobile phones are increasingly being used as a means for collecting geolocation and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data in public health research. Objective The purpose of this study was to (1) describe the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents to an online survey screener assessing eligibility to participate in a mixed methods study collecting geolocation and EMA data via the participants’ personal mobile phones, and (2) examine how eligibility criteria requiring mobile phone ownership and an unlimited text messaging plan affected participant inclusion. Methods Adult (≥18 years) daily smokers were recruited via public advertisements, free weekly newspapers, printed flyers, and word of mouth. An online survey screener was used as the initial method of determining eligibility for study participation. The survey screened for twenty-eight inclusion criteria grouped into three categories, which included (1) cell phone use, (2) tobacco use, and (3) additional criteria Results A total of 1003 individuals completed the online screener. Respondents were predominantly African American (605/1003, 60.3%) (60.4%), male (514/1003, 51.3%), and had a median age of 35 years (IQR 26-50). Nearly 50% (496/1003, 49.5%) were unemployed. Most smoked menthol cigarettes (699/1003, 69.7%), and had a median smoking history of 11 years (IQR 5-21). The majority owned a mobile phone (739/1003, 73.7%), could install apps (86.8%), used their mobile phone daily (89.5%), and had an unlimited text messaging plan (871/1003, 86.8%). Of those who completed the online screener, 302 were eligible to participate in the study; 163 were eligible after rescreening, and 117 were enrolled in the study. Compared to employed individuals, a significantly greater proportion of those who were unemployed were ineligible for the study based on mobile phone inclusion criteria (P<.001); yet, 46.4% (333/717) of the individuals who were unemployed met all mobile phone inclusion criteria. Conclusions Inclusion criteria requiring participants to use their personal mobile phones for data collection was not a major barrier to study participation for most respondents who completed the online screener, including those who were unemployed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02261363; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02261363 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6wOmDluSt) PMID:29459355

Pharmaceuticals in water, fish and osprey nestlings in Delaware River and Bay

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bean, Thomas G.; Rattner, Barnett A.; Lazarus, Rebecca S.; Day, Daniel D.; Burket, S. Rebekah; Brooks, Bryan W.; Haddad, Samuel P.; Bowerman, William W.

2018-01-01

Exposure of wildlife to Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) is likely to occur but studies of risk are limited. One exposure pathway that has received attention is trophic transfer of APIs in a water-fish-osprey food chain. Samples of water, fish plasma and osprey plasma were collected from Delaware River and Bay, and analyzed for 21 APIs. Only 2 of 21 analytes exceeded method detection limits in osprey plasma (acetaminophen and diclofenac) with plasma levels typically 2–3 orders of magnitude below human therapeutic concentrations (HTC). We built upon a screening level model used to predict osprey exposure to APIs in Chesapeake Bay and evaluated whether exposure levels could have been predicted in Delaware Bay had we just measured concentrations in water or fish. Use of surface water and BCFs did not predict API concentrations in fish well, likely due to fish movement patterns, and partitioning and bioaccumulation uncertainties associated with these ionizable chemicals. Input of highest measured API concentration in fish plasma combined with pharmacokinetic data accurately predicted that diclofenac and acetaminophen would be the APIs most likely detected in osprey plasma. For the majority of APIs modeled, levels were not predicted to exceed 1 ng/mL or method detection limits in osprey plasma. Based on the target analytes examined, there is little evidence that APIs represent a significant risk to ospreys nesting in Delaware Bay. If an API is present in fish orders of magnitude below HTC, sampling of fish-eating birds is unlikely to be necessary. However, several human pharmaceuticals accumulated in fish plasma within a recommended safety factor for HTC. It is now important to expand the scope of diet-based API exposure modeling to include alternative exposure pathways (e.g., uptake from landfills, dumps and wastewater treatment plants) and geographic locations (developing countries) where API contamination of the environment may represent greater risk.

Validation of the Abdominal Pain Index Using a Revised Scoring Method

PubMed Central

Sherman, Amanda L.; Smith, Craig A.; Walker, Lynn S.

2015-01-01

Objective Evaluate the psychometric properties of child- and parent-report versions of the four-item Abdominal Pain Index (API) in children with functional abdominal pain (FAP) and healthy controls, using a revised scoring method that facilitates comparisons of scores across samples and time. Methods Pediatric patients aged 8–18 years with FAP and controls completed the API at baseline (N = 1,967); a subset of their parents (N = 290) completed the API regarding the child’s pain. Subsets of patients completed follow-up assessments at 2 weeks (N = 231), 3 months (N = 330), and 6 months (N = 107). Subsets of both patients (N = 389) and healthy controls (N = 172) completed a long-term follow-up assessment (mean age at follow-up = 20.21 years, SD = 3.75). Results The API demonstrated good concurrent, discriminant, and construct validity, as well as good internal consistency. Conclusion We conclude that the API, using the revised scoring method, is a useful, reliable, and valid measure of abdominal pain severity. PMID:25617048

On Achieving Network LPI (Link Parameter Interactions) for Spread Spectrum Communications.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-10-01

Direct Sequence,Longley-Rice Model, Adaptive Control, LPI, Scenario Snapshots,Interference Limi ted , Wi deband Propagation Modell1ing. . i idL COU This...0; a. ..- ,2 w N a11 N z , <:X --. t ,0 II fr Zo 7 10m I II P:3 ZZXUO. (3O U 𔃻. 0 WUN 4 - 0 4,U w 0-N~lrC~C (fjwW -w 2 -. OI- C) I- I Li tjU (A xf

Develop 3G Application with The J2ME SATSA API

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

JunWu, Xu; JunLing, Liang

This paper describes research in the use of the Security and Trust Services API for J2ME (SATSA) to develop mobile applications. for 3G networks. SATSA defines a set of APIs that allows J2ME applications to communicate with and access functionality, secure storage and cryptographic operations provided by security elements such as smart cards and Wireless Identification Modules (WIM). A Java Card application could also work as an authentication module in a J2ME-based e-bank application. The e-bank application would allow its users to access their bank accounts using their cell phones.

The effect of tungsten on dislocation recovery and precipitation behavior of low-activation martensitic 9Cr steels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Abe, F.; Araki, H.; Noda, T.

1991-10-01

The effect of W on dislocation recovery and precipitation behavior was investigated for martensitic 9Cr-(0,l,2,4)W-0.1C (wt pct) steels after quenching, tempering, and subsequent prolonged aging. The steels were low induced-radioactivation martensitic steels for fusion reactor structures, intended as a possible replacement for conventional (7 to 12)Cr-Mo steels. During tempering after quenching, homogeneous precipitation of fine W2C occurred in martensite, causing secondary hardening between 673 and 823 K. The softening above the secondary hardening temperature shifted to higher temperatures with increasing W concentration, which was correlated with the decrease in self-diffusion rates with increasing W concentration. Carbides M23C6 and M7C3 were precipitated in the 9Cr steel without W after high-temperature tempering at 1023 K. With increasing W concentration, M7C3 was replaced by M23C6, and M6C formed in addition to M23C6. During subsequent aging at temperatures between 823 and 973 K after tempering, the recovery of dislocations, the agglomeration of carbides, and the growth of martensite lath subgrains occurred. Intermetallic Fe2W Laves also precipitated in the δ-ferrite grains of the 9Cr-4W steel. The effect of W on dislocation recovery and precipitation behavior is discussed in detail.

Innovator. A Financial Expert System

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-01

M )M 3lz 4 Ot.-l di- : C 4) -n M Vi’~ M d)Vi - 3 c 0 Z"nc - 10. Z CO. Of(L C 0. cxCL4 - (1 a~. 4- C a ra. C at 0. ff Cr. COx4L z -> n" C C L 0 E L o Lm...C -x/UI L %. . Ix/U a. 4- w 0 1 . %- U L . 4 - a . 4 x- w a. . % x- u a0 D 0.~x w a2 C - . n C- a. (L 0 CXCL4 - C L C 0 I Q. M . %-CMI L4 C.- O

Alpha List of Prime Contract Awards. Oct 92-Sep 93. FY93. (W & G Machine Co. nc. - Zycad Corporation). Part 20

DTIC Science & Technology

1994-03-01

c.JN- W)’ " L ncqc ncn Vcn )s-4 Lii de I a I O Mow -11 " ’-I-- - - I- In- 02) o- ’-4 (()0)M (1010))n)0)) I’_ 1,- 11 # coo Ny 0 4c & cc 4 w f M -C (0(0...11<WF. ’ 0( -IN~n~n 4N.4.~404I 4 to <( I-- 0 1-- 0.1 l’- If! W(ON 1ZI D( X23v- eC >:I. z~ n > 3-> z > x XO a x De > 0 u " (0Oa I 0 0 0...0u00...0- CL CL CL U L) L) " N I wo" 00 L) 3c 0-4 W N I wo-4 NIB < w 0 -1 < ce Cie cc 0 _4 CL V Cn OD (D tn Ln I-to > rý 3c 0) LLIOC)OOO Lu Ln z qw z co11

Mitochondrial DNA diversity of honey bees (Apis mellifera) from unmanaged colonies and swarms in the United States.

PubMed

Magnus, Roxane M; Tripodi, Amber D; Szalanski, Allen L

2014-06-01

To study the genetic diversity of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) from unmanaged colonies in the United States, we sequenced a portion of the mitochondrial DNA COI-COII region. From the 530 to 1,230 bp amplicon, we observed 23 haplotypes from 247 samples collected from 12 states, representing three of the four A. mellifera lineages known to have been imported into the United States (C, M, and O). Six of the 13 C lineage haplotypes were not found in previous queen breeder studies in the United States. The O lineage accounted for 9% of unmanaged colonies which have not yet been reported in queen breeder studies. The M lineage accounted for a larger portion of unmanaged samples (7%) than queen breeder samples (3%). Based on our mitochondrial DNA data, the genetic diversity of unmanaged honey bees in the United States differs significantly from that of queen breeder populations (p < 0.00001). The detection of genetically distinct maternal lineages of unmanaged honey bees suggests that these haplotypes may have existed outside the managed honey bee population for a long period.

Evaluation of the Vesicating Properties of Neutralized Chemical Agent Identification Set (CAIS) Components

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-06-01

W a% n% e’w-4T .0 3 C/2 W4 rýr- C~eJCN mCN Cým 0 Cn 14.4 000 0 en mnen~’ m - 00 a E- 000 0 0000 000 0 0a0 U 00 0 0 00 000 W a a000 00 C. wUn - 0 m( 0 4...3-; __- N__ I _ __ _ S~ it, CI a___QI S__ teD I Q__-___,________ v-i All measurernents in =fl~himeters R = E~rytherna * N/A =Not appUcaS[.e B = Edema

Department of the Air Force Supporting Data for Fiscal Year 1982 Budget Estimates Submitted to Congress January 1981. Descriptive Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-01-01

tD : -4 $ 0 .*0 0 W0 0I 44 M 0 w w 0 r0 04440.- =0)0 c 0 lu 0’I>f0 w00. to44 .- 0 " -H41$ 01 4 0 54-.4*.00 5󈧄.0-40 $4 ’.$40 00$04 0𔃾 0 000 w* 0...co.u10 0 0 0O.J 0 >to. 0 ’.-4.-0 0 ow $14 󈧮$ 0A 0 . 4 0 ŘJ $4 %A 60 0100..r.- 0-t;.410 =~. Ubw 44. .f 006 .AJ $ W :4w4 o C)41-40.0 0 = td Ř W 4.00...a k 06C Q 0 0 ’L1 w)i4t ൌ k $=i" ’ C W = o O 0CW3 C W U- 0.09 M . 41 4 0 4. U1 -H WV𔃾&Icu 0 w~Z . 000COC0c U) r4 AIU 0 C6 0i 4 toz") mC * td .en" .0

An Adaptable Seismic Data Format

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Krischer, Lion; Smith, James; Lei, Wenjie; Lefebvre, Matthieu; Ruan, Youyi; de Andrade, Elliott Sales; Podhorszki, Norbert; Bozdağ, Ebru; Tromp, Jeroen

2016-11-01

We present ASDF, the Adaptable Seismic Data Format, a modern and practical data format for all branches of seismology and beyond. The growing volume of freely available data coupled with ever expanding computational power opens avenues to tackle larger and more complex problems. Current bottlenecks include inefficient resource usage and insufficient data organization. Properly scaling a problem requires the resolution of both these challenges, and existing data formats are no longer up to the task. ASDF stores any number of synthetic, processed or unaltered waveforms in a single file. A key improvement compared to existing formats is the inclusion of comprehensive meta information, such as event or station information, in the same file. Additionally, it is also usable for any non-waveform data, for example, cross-correlations, adjoint sources or receiver functions. Last but not least, full provenance information can be stored alongside each item of data, thereby enhancing reproducibility and accountability. Any data set in our proposed format is self-describing and can be readily exchanged with others, facilitating collaboration. The utilization of the HDF5 container format grants efficient and parallel I/O operations, integrated compression algorithms and check sums to guard against data corruption. To not reinvent the wheel and to build upon past developments, we use existing standards like QuakeML, StationXML, W3C PROV and HDF5 wherever feasible. Usability and tool support are crucial for any new format to gain acceptance. We developed mature C/Fortran and Python based APIs coupling ASDF to the widely used SPECFEM3D_GLOBE and ObsPy toolkits.

WO3 and W Thermal Atomic Layer Etching Using "Conversion-Fluorination" and "Oxidation-Conversion-Fluorination" Mechanisms.

PubMed

Johnson, Nicholas R; George, Steven M

2017-10-04

The thermal atomic layer etching (ALE) of WO 3 and W was demonstrated with new "conversion-fluorination" and "oxidation-conversion-fluorination" etching mechanisms. Both of these mechanisms are based on sequential, self-limiting reactions. WO 3 ALE was achieved by a "conversion-fluorination" mechanism using an AB exposure sequence with boron trichloride (BCl 3 ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF). BCl 3 converts the WO 3 surface to a B 2 O 3 layer while forming volatile WO x Cl y products. Subsequently, HF spontaneously etches the B 2 O 3 layer producing volatile BF 3 and H 2 O products. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) studies determined that the BCl 3 and HF reactions were self-limiting versus exposure. The WO 3 ALE etch rates increased with temperature from 0.55 Å/cycle at 128 °C to 4.19 Å/cycle at 207 °C. W served as an etch stop because BCl 3 and HF could not etch the underlying W film. W ALE was performed using a three-step "oxidation-conversion-fluorination" mechanism. In this ABC exposure sequence, the W surface is first oxidized to a WO 3 layer using O 2 /O 3 . Subsequently, the WO 3 layer is etched with BCl 3 and HF. SE could simultaneously monitor the W and WO 3 thicknesses and conversion of W to WO 3 . SE measurements showed that the W film thickness decreased linearly with number of ABC reaction cycles. W ALE was shown to be self-limiting with respect to each reaction in the ABC process. The etch rate for W ALE was ∼2.5 Å/cycle at 207 °C. An oxide thickness of ∼20 Å remained after W ALE, but could be removed by sequential BCl 3 and HF exposures without affecting the W layer. These new etching mechanisms will enable the thermal ALE of a variety of additional metal materials including those that have volatile metal fluorides.

Primitive ideals of C q [ SL(3)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hodges, Timothy J.; Levasseur, Thierry

1993-10-01

The primitive ideals of the Hopf algebra C q [ SL(3)] are classified. In particular it is shown that the orbits in Prim C q [ SL(3)] under the action of the representation group H ≅ C *× C * are parameterized naturally by W×W, where W is the associated Weyl group. It is shown that there is a natural one-to-one correspondence between primitive ideals of C q [ SL(3)] and symplectic leaves of the associated Poisson algebraic group SL(3, C).

Production of cocrystals in an excipient matrix by spray drying.

PubMed

Walsh, David; Serrano, Dolores R; Worku, Zelalem Ayenew; Norris, Brid A; Healy, Anne Marie

2018-01-30

Spray drying is a well-established scale-up technique for the production of cocrystals. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of introducing a third component into the feed solution during the spray drying process has never been investigated. Cocrystal formation in the presence of a third component by a one-step spray drying process has the potential to reduce the number of unit operations which are required to produce a final pharmaceutical product (e.g. by eliminating blending with excipient). Sulfadimidine (SDM), a poorly water soluble active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), and 4-aminosalicylic acid (4ASA), a hydrophilic molecule, were used as model drug and coformer respectively to form cocrystals by spray drying in the presence of a third component (excipient). The solubility of the cocrystal in the excipient was measured using a thermal analysis approach. Trends in measured solubility were in agreement with those determined by calculated Hansen Solubility Parameter (HSP) values. The ratio of cocrystal components to excipient was altered and cocrystal formation at different weight ratios was assessed. Cocrystal integrity was preserved when the cocrystal components were immiscible with the excipient, based on the difference in Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP). For immiscible systems (difference in HSP > 9.6 MPa 0.5 ), cocrystal formation occurred even when the proportion of excipient was high (90% w/w). When the excipient was partly miscible with the cocrystal components, cocrystal formation was observed post spray drying, but crystalline API and coformer were also recovered in the processed powder. An amorphous dispersion was formed when the excipient was miscible with the cocrystal components even when the proportion of excipient used as low (10% w/w excipient). For selected spray dried cocrystal-excipient systems an improvement in tableting characteristics was observed, relative to equivalent physical mixtures. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Phase difference of arrival geolocation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mason, John J.; Romero, Louis

2017-05-16

Geolocation is performed by receiving, at a plurality of non-earthbound platforms each moving in a known manner within a spatial coordinate system, a radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted from a transmitter at an unknown location on earth within the spatial coordinate system. For each of the platforms, a phase change of the received frequency carrier is measured over the same duration of time. The measured phase changes are combined to determine the transmitter location.

Precise Geolocation Of Persistent Scatterers Aided And Validated By Lidar DSM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chang, Ling; Dheenathayalan, Prabu; Hanessen, Ramon

2013-12-01

Persistent Scatterers (PS) interferometry results in the de- formation history of time-coherent scatterers. Although several applications focus on smooth, spatially correlated signals, we aim for the detection, identification and analysis of single anomalies. These targets can be indicative of, e.g., strain in structures, potentially leading to the failure of such structures. For the identification and analysis it is of the greatest importance to know the exact position of the effective scattering center, to avoid an improper interpretation of the driving mechanism. Here we present an approach to optimize the geolocation of important scatterers, when necessary aided by an a priori Lidar-derived DSM (AHN-1 data) with 15cm and 5m resolution in vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. The DSM is also used to validate the geocoding. We implement our approach on a near-collapse event of a shopping mall in Heerlen, the Netherlands, to generate the precise geolocation of local PS points.

Trends in MODIS Geolocation Error Analysis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wolfe, R. E.; Nishihama, Masahiro

2009-01-01

Data from the two MODIS instruments have been accurately geolocated (Earth located) to enable retrieval of global geophysical parameters. The authors describe the approach used to geolocate with sub-pixel accuracy over nine years of data from M0DIS on NASA's E0S Terra spacecraft and seven years of data from MODIS on the Aqua spacecraft. The approach uses a geometric model of the MODIS instruments, accurate navigation (orbit and attitude) data and an accurate Earth terrain model to compute the location of each MODIS pixel. The error analysis approach automatically matches MODIS imagery with a global set of over 1,000 ground control points from the finer-resolution Landsat satellite to measure static biases and trends in the MO0lS geometric model parameters. Both within orbit and yearly thermally induced cyclic variations in the pointing have been found as well as a general long-term trend.

Generation of the global cloud free data set of MODIS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oguro, Y.; Tsuchiya, K.

To extract temporal change of the land cover from remotely sensed data from space the generation of the reliable cloud free data set is the first priority item With the objectives of generating accurate global basic data and to find the effects of spectral and spatial resolution differences and observation time an attempt is made to generate reliable global cloud free data set of Terra and Aqua MODIS utilizing personal computers Out of 36 bands seven bands with similar spectral features to those of Landsat TM i e Band 1 through 7 are selected These bands cover the most important spectra to derive landcover features The procedure of the data set generation is as follows 1 Download the global Terra and Aqua MODIS day time data MOD02 Level-1B Calibrated Geolocation Data Set of 250 meter Band 1 and 2 and 500 meter Band 3 through 7 resolution from NASA web site 2 Separate the data into several BSQ Band SeQuential image and several text geolocation information of pixels files 3 The geolocation information is given to the pixels of several kms interval Based on the information resampling of the data are made at 1 2 and 1 4 degrees intervals of latitude and longitude thus the resampled pixels are distributed in the latitude and longitudinal axis plane at 1 4 degrees high resolution and 1 2 degrees low resolution intervals 4 A global data for one day is composed 5 Compute NDVI for each pixel 6 Compare the value of NDVI of successive days and keep the larger NDVI At the same time keep the values of each band of the day of the larger

Multi-Satellite Orbit Determination Using Interferometric Observables with RF Localization Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geeraert, Jeroen L.

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) specifically same-beam interferometry (SBI), and dual-satellite geolocation are two fields of research not previously connected. This is due to the different application of each field, SBI is used for relative interplanetary navigation of two satellites while dual-satellite geolocation is used to locate the source of a radio frequency (RF) signal. In this dissertation however, we leverage both fields to create a novel method for multi-satellite orbit determination (OD) using time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) measurements. The measurements are double differenced between the satellites and the stations, in so doing, many of the common errors are canceled which can significantly improve measurement precision. Provided with this novel OD technique, the observability is first analyzed to determine the benefits and limitations of this method. In all but a few scenarios the measurements successfully reduce the covariance when examining the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). Reduced observability is encountered with geostationary satellites as their motion with respect to the stations is limited, especially when only one baseline is used. However, when using satellite pairs with greater relative motion with respect to the stations, even satellites that are close to, but not exactly in a geostationary orbit can be estimated accurately. We find that in a strong majority of cases the OD technique provides lower uncertainties and solutions far more accurate than using conventional OD observables such as range and range-rate while also not being affected by common errors and biases. We specifically examine GEO-GEO, GEO-MEO, and GEO-LEO dual-satellite estimation cases. The work is further extended by developing a relative navigation scenario where the chief satellite is assumed to have perfect knowledge, or some small amount of uncertainty considered but not estimated, while estimating the deputy satellite state with respect to the chief. Once again the results demonstrate that the TDOA and FDOA OD results are favorable with faster dynamics over classical measurements. This dissertation not only explores the OD side, but also gaps in geolocation research. First the mapping of ephemeris uncertainty to the geolocation covariance to provide a more realistic covariance was implemented. Furthermore, the geolocation solution was improved by appending a probabilistic altitude constraint to the posterior covariance, significantly reducing the projected geolocation uncertainty ellipse. The feasibility of using the geolocation setup to passively locate a LEO satellite was also considered. Finally the simulated results were verified using a long-arc of real data. The use of FDOA for small-body navigation and gravity recovery was also examined as an extended application.

Report of the M16 Rifle Review Panel. Volume 3, Appendix 2. Audit Trail and Analysis of M16A1 Weapon and Ammunition System Tests

DTIC Science & Technology

1968-06-01

Jt CO 11 I- « — i *- N «S.S IS 2 S b COM o S. u Q, *■ c ic www u £ o w $ *J S in e :|| « n n td ki u < « 60 ii 2...s flJ -’ O W 4J atiii«» a c J c a « £ i 5 2 -o •4 >ML: a...ae ü C - E 3 W *. - a — *J »J i© £ 5 • S a ■5 » 5 U td b - u — s "o w w eg u- £ £ r c £ c li* 5^35 s» ’ . 2 li (A i D X i .S Si

Development and Evaluation of Adeno-HTLV-III Hybrid Virus and Non- Cytopathic HTLV-III Mutant for Vaccine Use

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-10-28

I44r.0 + I I U.-4 Io 4- z+ (b I- 0 cj V I-SI: -4 I4 0)~ W4+ I ~ ’ IC14 e 9Q~ 4I cj-0 C:.L SI r. Cl I1C I0 -4 -4 I- .I -.t- 1 J.X- )0 1I 4 I I < < I w ...1-1 0 (3I I >+ ++ >> coZ mI WC ~ + U- H-i m ca IQg OI pI I4 cN.3 I "- .- 00I - I In :3 :3 w w 1 04l ci I I I I I ~ 4(~,-4~4.36 + a% 𔃺 001 to U 4-4...C) l~ u(V14:: - 4L + 4+ bC4 co4 ~0 M~ 40 -40~4. 4.4 bc I0 -l 110 C) 1 0 1 N, o 1) 41 -4 + cn, -H + N- to4 z:: Ia 41 w 1-1+ II,-HI r_ (cc ) (N -a* 1

49 CFR 195.307 - Pressure testing aboveground breakout tanks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... placed in service after October 2, 2000, pneumatic testing must be in accordance with section 5.3 of API Specification 12 F (incorporated by reference, see § 195.3). (b) For aboveground breakout tanks built to API Standard 620 and first placed in service after October 2, 2000, hydrostatic and pneumatic testing must be...

Comparison of inter-trial recovery times for the determination of critical power and W' in cycling.

PubMed

Karsten, Bettina; Hopker, James; Jobson, Simon A; Baker, Jonathan; Petrigna, Luca; Klose, Andreas; Beedie, Christopher

2017-07-01

Critical Power (CP) and W' are often determined using multi-day testing protocols. To investigate this cumbersome testing method, the purpose of this study was to compare the differences between the conventional use of a 24-h inter-trial recovery time with those of 3 h and 30 min for the determination of CP and W'. 9 moderately trained cyclists performed an incremental test to exhaustion to establish the power output associated with the maximum oxygen uptake (p[Formula: see text] max ), and 3 protocols requiring time-to-exhaustion trials at a constant work-rate performed at 80%, 100% and 105% of p[Formula: see text] max. Design: Protocol A utilised 24-h inter-trial recovery (CP 24 /W' 24 ), protocol B utilised 3-h inter-trial recovery (CP 3 /W' 3 ), and protocol C used 30-min inter-trial recovery period (CP 0.5 /W' 0.5 ). CP and W' were calculated using the inverse time (1/t) versus power (P) relation (P = W'(1/t) + CP). 95% Limits of Agreement between protocol A and B were -9 to 15 W; -7.4 to 7.8 kJ (CP/W') and between protocol A and protocol C they were -27 to 22 W; -7.2 to 15.1 kJ (CP/W'). Compared to criterion protocol A, the average prediction error of protocol B was 2.5% (CP) and 25.6% (W'), whilst for protocol C it was 3.7% (CP) and 32.9% (W'). 3-h and 30-min inter-trial recovery time protocols provide valid methods of determining CP but not W' in cycling.

The Impacts of Various Types of Advertising Media, Demographics, and Recruiters on Quality Enlistments: Results from Simultaneous and Heteroscedastic Models.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-07-01

Dollars of expenditures tn .4895 .0124 39.389 .872 1967 dollars for printed materials per labor force mem - ber for the General Enlisted General...0 04 -HdC 14 J Q) W )L4 r-4 4 0 W 0 -1 𔃾- 0 C0)4 wC404 a. ) - 3w 0 ~~~~ .o4- .C 44.4 Ir 0C -r0-Cv-P 0r4- r0 vi a) w - 0 oHp tow)* *’- i CD C4 4 r-4

Mass Balance Analysis of Contaminated Heparin Product

PubMed Central

Liu, Zhenling; Xiao, Zhongping; Masuko, Sayaka; Zhao, Wenjing; Sterner, Eric; Bansal, Vinod; Fareed, Jawed; Dordick, Jonathan; Zhang, Fuming; Linhardt, Robert J.

2011-01-01

A quantitative analysis of a recalled contaminated lot of heparin (HP) sodium injection United States Pharmacopeial (USP) was undertaken in response to the controversy regarding the exact nature of the contaminant involved in the HP crisis. A mass balance analysis of the formulated drug product was performed. After freeze-drying, a 1 ml vial for injection afforded 54.8 ± 0.3 mg of dry solids. The excipients, sodium chloride and residual benzyl alcohol, accounted for 11.4 ± 0.5 mg and 0.9 ± 0.5 mg, respectively. Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) represented 41.5 ± 1.0 mg, corresponding to 75.7 wt% of dry mass. Exhaustive treatment of API with specific enzymes, heparin lyases and/or chondroitin lyases was used to close mass balance. HP represented 30.5 ± 0.5 mg, corresponding to 73.5 wt% of the API. Dermatan sulfate (DS) impurity represented 1.7 ± 0.3 mg, corresponding to 4.1 wt% of the API. Contaminant, 9.3 ± 0.1 mg corresponding to 22.4 wt% of API, was found in the contaminated formulated drug product. The recovery of contaminant was close to quantitative (95.6-100 wt%). A single contaminant was unambiguously identified as oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS). PMID:20850409

Genetics Home Reference: actin-accumulation myopathy

MedlinePlus

... F, Sewry C, Hughes I, Sutphen R, Lacson AG, Swoboda KJ, Vigneron J, Wallgren-Pettersson C, Beggs ... qualified healthcare professional . About Selection Criteria for Links Data Files & API Site Map Subscribe Customer Support USA. ...

Cocrystal solubility product analysis - Dual concentration-pH mass action model not dependent on explicit solubility equations.

PubMed

Avdeef, Alex

2017-12-15

A novel general computational approach is described to address many aspects of cocrystal (CC) solubility product (K sp ) determination of drug substances. The CC analysis program, pDISOL-X, was developed and validated with published model systems of various acid-base combinations of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and coformers: (i) carbamazepine cocrystal systems with 4-aminobenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, saccharin, and salicylic acid, (ii) for indomethacin with saccharin, (iii) for nevirapine with maleic acid, saccharin, and salicylic acid, and (iv) for gabapentin with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid. In all systems but gabapentin, the coformer is much more soluble than the API. The model systems selected are those with available published dual concentration-pH data, one set for the API and one set for the coformer, generally measured at eutectic points (thermodynamically-stable three phases: solution, cocrystal, and crystalline API or coformer). The carbamazepine-cinnamic acid CC showed a substantial elevation in the API equilibrium concentration above pH5, consistent with the formation of a complex between carbamazepine and cinnamate anion. The analysis of the gabapentin:3-hydroxybenzoic acid 1:1 CC system indicated four zones of solid suspensions: coformer (pH<3.25), coformer and cocrystal eutectic (pH3.25-4.44), cocrystal (pH4.44-5.62), and API (pH>5.62). The general approach allows for testing of many possible equilibrium models, including those comprising drug-coformer complexation. The program calculates the ionic strength at each pH. From this, the equilibrium constants are adjusted for activity effects, based on the Stokes-Robinson hydration theory. The complete speciation analysis of the CC systems may provide useful insights into pH-sensitive dissolution effects that could potentially influence bioavailability. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The Environmental Interference Effects Model of the Electromagnetic Environmental Test Facility. Volume 3. Computer Program Descriptions. Part 2. Preliminary Data Processing

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-09-01

9-4 34. MISEQIP input, program control card ........................ 9-5 35 . MISEQIP input, use code data card...a 04r 0 Ad41.. 0 0 C w0 Go 410 Cn 0 fC V W W4 tm1 ZSM " *p z aos 0 u N In51 E-4 4-1 c5$a$ 41U 0 4.4 41 *oV hW4i C. a 0a)410 w S 41 s@ 5hi o41 jii 41...Z4 C24 0 co -0 a www w w Z. Z N 2W ~ 0V.# 0w 41v- * U- aN a4 ~ 0 1- 35 a.7 mi NJ.4 ow mt N ANNjA - N N NN * ~ ~ rz w w - -- - ~ n- -- 14 z 444 z U.4AA4A

Combinatorial Geometry Computer Models of Sitting and Standing Crew Personnel

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

Anthropometry - 1976,11 US Army Natick Laboratories Technical Report No. 72-51-CE, December, 1971. 10 4-). 0 4-3 4-3 =- -mr - 4. . 0 C- 4- WW~ C0 0 4...t.4IwI-4S-4 4A Vs x 1-4~ i-I a~ 4 >- *E0. .- ~-- I- u ~.Iz 4 www ou u0 W(. cc 0 I- I-W OW(AWWW Wj oz 0 WW4 X XL U. WEE.-J. d- 1.4 o ZZ W W w LL to4W0

Pharmacokinetics and Abuse Potential of Benzhydrocodone, a Novel Prodrug of Hydrocodone, After Intranasal Administration in Recreational Drug Users.

PubMed

Mickle, Travis C; Guenther, Sven M; Barrett, Andrew C; Roupe, Kathryn Ann; Zhou, Jing; Dickerson, Daniel; Webster, Lynn R

2017-10-28

Developing an acetaminophen-free, immediate-release hydrocodone product remains an unmet medical need; however, new opioid analgesics should not introduce new abuse risks. Benzhydrocodone is a prodrug of hydrocodone that must be metabolized into hydrocodone by enzymes in the intestinal tract to optimally deliver its pharmacologic effects. This study evaluated the intranasal pharmacokinetics and abuse potential of benzhydrocodone active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) compared with hydrocodone bitartrate (HB) API. Single-center, randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Clinical research site. Healthy adult, nondependent, recreational opioid users. Subjects (N = 51 Completers) were randomized to receive 13.34 mg of intranasal benzhydrocodone API and 15.0 mg of intranasal HB API (molar-equivalent doses of hydrocodone). Blood samples were taken, and Drug Liking scores (assessed on a bipolar visual analog scale) were obtained throughout each dosing interval. Nasal irritation and safety were assessed. Peak hydrocodone plasma concentration (Cmax) was 36.0% lower, and total hydrocodone exposures (AUClast and AUCinf) were 20.3% and 19.5% lower, respectively, for benzhydrocodone API compared with HB API (P < 0.0001). All partial AUC values were lower for benzhydrocodone API, with a ≥ 75% reduction in hydrocodone exposure at all time intervals up to one hour postdose (P < 0.0001). Median Tmax of hydrocodone following benzhydrocodone API was delayed by more than one hour compared with HB. Drug Liking score, as assessed by maximal liking (Emax), was significantly lower for benzhydrocodone API vs HB API (P = 0.004), with 45% of subjects showing a ≥ 30% reduction in Drug Liking Emax. Reductions in hydrocodone exposure and associated decreases in Drug Liking relative to HB suggest that the prodrug benzhydrocodone may deter intranasal abuse. © 2017 American Academy of Pain Medicine.

NAVSPASUR System Performance Analysis

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-03-16

I’ 0 0 . a ~ 04 W 4 A ~ 0 0M O a 0 00 00 * ~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~ 0 O0.1 4 01 U. . M O 6 U- 4444 0 -U U j C 4 ,0u a.* ll0.AO S-4C4U 0 aCCA A aao5 U V U U U...c 0. A O a v ~ N .3 c3 o it @4 66W4 4w 0 4oo 00 N 02 0 . 0. 1. -CI Z. 6- ,n 4 . *, . 444 .2 a.’. 04 ’ 4 - 4 ’.2’ ix -. Id 06 f3 6 6 to . 4 16...8217 U -, 1 0 -4 N 41 - 0 -- 0 4C r 0 -N 0 P 4 4 f3 .4 E 0 04 19 00 C-I 0 ONO.U1 : U U ow 0 0-U .4 > 0 0 a 3; AU " w U b. a. 0. o (0.. 04 09 U 0 k.- 4

Injection molding as a one-step process for the direct production of pharmaceutical dosage forms from primary powders.

PubMed

Eggenreich, K; Windhab, S; Schrank, S; Treffer, D; Juster, H; Steinbichler, G; Laske, S; Koscher, G; Roblegg, E; Khinast, J G

2016-05-30

The objective of the present study was to develop a one-step process for the production of tablets directly from primary powder by means of injection molding (IM), to create solid-dispersion based tablets. Fenofibrate was used as the model API, a polyvinyl caprolactame-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft co-polymer served as a matrix system. Formulations were injection-molded into tablets using state-of-the-art IM equipment. The resulting tablets were physico-chemically characterized and the drug release kinetics and mechanism were determined. Comparison tablets were produced, either directly from powder or from pre-processed pellets prepared via hot melt extrusion (HME). The content of the model drug in the formulations was 10% (w/w), 20% (w/w) and 30% (w/w), respectively. After 120min, both powder-based and pellet-based injection-molded tablets exhibited a drug release of 60% independent of the processing route. Content uniformity analysis demonstrated that the model drug was homogeneously distributed. Moreover, analysis of single dose uniformity also revealed geometric drug homogeneity between tablets of one shot. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Air Force Office of Scientific Research. AFOSR Technical Report Summaries

DTIC Science & Technology

1993-06-01

0..’ w z CA W B mL& L53 )I-t in (3w - J 2.5 W 1I- C12 z. WJO -1 )-. U’.aW 64 1--2 0 .Z 9 0 F- ... w ’.LILOO 4z w W’ IL =Aw M 4%0 J.IZW w . u zw -jO...x &-~ a 4 5 i ɜ (A W CDI- #_ z U r) (j 𔃺 ’- )_ *𔃾 We. a:U IA. aL U 014 U ’A -2 m 0 0 I--U’ o n (A z- w ý4 0 #- $.- U’>- tD I.- z 40 I-. a: x 4z- 0Z...toMM CC 0In L~A001 L - - oc -n C’ -- n x C4 L W - M A ’- 0 l. -A LO C SLS 0&c 0 0 0 0. 0+ a14 SI 41 > -a:I 0 c 1X’ .0 m z tD a1 -_ 1 U 8-01 --. 81 00 C

Apigenin enhances the antitumor effects of cetuximab in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting EGFR signaling.

PubMed

Hu, Wen-Jian; Liu, Jing; Zhong, Lun-Kun; Wang, Jian

2018-06-01

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck cancers with poor prognosis. Despite that platinum-based chemotherapy concurrent with radiotherapy have made great achievements for the treatment of NPC, the therapeutic reaction and toxicity varies dramatically among individuals. Apigenin (API), a naturally occurring plant flavone, is considered to have anti-cancer effect. Cetuximab (CET), a well known epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, is widely used in various cancers, especially head and neck cancers. The aim of our study was to measure the combination of API and CET for the treatment of NPC in vitro and in vivo. Results demonstrated that combining API and CET could better suppress the viability of the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines (HONE1 and CNE2) and inhibit the growth of NPC than API or CET used alone. Besides, the combination of API with CET produced greater pro-apoptosis effect. Moreover, the increased G2/M phase arrest caused by CET could be remarkably enhanced by adding API in HONE1 and CNE2 cells. Although, both API and CET could decrease the expressions of p-EGFR, p-Akt, p-STAT3 and Cyclin D1. Combining them produced greater inhibition effect. These results suggested that the combination of API and CET may be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of NPC. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Local metric dimension of circulant graph c i r c (n :1 ,2 ,…,n/+1 2 )

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rimadhany, Ruzika; Darmaji

2017-08-01

Let G be a connected graph with two vertices u and v. The distance between u and v, denoted by d(u, v), is defined as length of the shortest path from u to v in G. For an ordered set W = {w1, w2, w3, … , wk} of k distinct vertices in a nontrivial connected graph G, the representation of a vertex v of V(G) respect to W is r(v|W) = (d(v, w1), d(v, w2), … , d(v, wk)). The set W is a resolving set of G if r(v|W) for each vertex v ∈ V(G) is distinct. A resolving set of minimum cardinality is a metric dimension and denoted by dim(G). The set W is a local resolving set of G if r(v|W) for every two adjacent vertices of V(G) is distinct. The minimum cardinality of local resolving set of G is a local metric dimension and denoted by ldim(G). In this research, we determine local metric dimension of circulant graph c i r c (n :1 ,2 ,3 ,…,n/+1 2 ) .

Prime Contract Awards of $100,000 or More by Federal Supply Classification or Service Category and Purchasing Office, FY 88. Part 1. (1005-5530).

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

C 14 ~ W-J<Q4 z . LI" No&- -4ZW WI. 42 w~u ) 0 C-J ɜZI 040 F_ ZLU of-0Coo40 omU 0 W100 0. I- ZWI .-mUZ wzW0 m 0Z .4- <w Oɜu oI-4 La.44LoxUo...0A)05L-ju00(%I*LL -4.414010*.4 34 I0 CIII .440 0E.40- - -j L3LC3CUJZ0CCC3U3U-lx).-4UC 0 W 81.8 00000000𔃺U w 4l00~2 44 4 KU. .. 1 )1-4 281 44-)84-4X

Automated Quality of Care Evaluation Support System (AQCESS): AQCESS System Specification

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-03-29

11, 1974, by the Department of Defense Assistant Secretaries of Defense ( Com - ptroller, and Health and Environment). The program is now managed and...xx TIME xNxx 11 21 PERSONAL DATA - PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 12 3INAME xxm x SEX xFMP xx SSN xx DOD xx 13...00 -2 2 M.U.&.0I I , 0WU 0 w Z. C 009 t0 _j11M.w :.0 -2222 Com 444444444 WWIMWWWW W4, z ca c cc c 94 (Z0=00 I.1, a QK0W W W U L A. W 4f-c4IWUcc I 1 I

Engineering and algorithm design for an image processing Api: a technical report on ITK--the Insight Toolkit.

PubMed

Yoo, Terry S; Ackerman, Michael J; Lorensen, William E; Schroeder, Will; Chalana, Vikram; Aylward, Stephen; Metaxas, Dimitris; Whitaker, Ross

2002-01-01

We present the detailed planning and execution of the Insight Toolkit (ITK), an application programmers interface (API) for the segmentation and registration of medical image data. This public resource has been developed through the NLM Visible Human Project, and is in beta test as an open-source software offering under cost-free licensing. The toolkit concentrates on 3D medical data segmentation and registration algorithms, multimodal and multiresolution capabilities, and portable platform independent support for Windows, Linux/Unix systems. This toolkit was built using current practices in software engineering. Specifically, we embraced the concept of generic programming during the development of these tools, working extensively with C++ templates and the freedom and flexibility they allow. Software development tools for distributed consortium-based code development have been created and are also publicly available. We discuss our assumptions, design decisions, and some lessons learned.

Comparative Analyses of Cu-Zn Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) and Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) at the mRNA Level between Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Under Stress Conditions.

PubMed

Koo, Hyun-Na; Lee, Soon-Gyu; Yun, Seung-Hwan; Kim, Hyun Kyung; Choi, Yong Soo; Kim, Gil-Hah

2016-01-01

This study compared stress-induced expression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) genes in the European honeybee Apis mellifera L. and Asian honeybee Apis cerana F. Expression of both SOD1 and TrxR rapidly increased up to 5 h after exposure to cold (4 °C) or heat (37 °C) treatment and then gradually decreased, with a stronger effect induced by cold stress in A. mellifera compared with A. cerana. Injection of stress-inducing substances (methyl viologen, [MV] and H2O2) also increased SOD1 and TrxR expression in both A. mellifera and A. cerana, and this effect was more pronounced with MV than H2O2. Additionally, we heterologously expressed the A. mellifera and A. cerana SOD1 and TrxR proteins in an Escherichia coli expression system, and detection by SDS-PAGE, confirmed by Western blotting using anti-His tag antibodies, revealed bands at 16 and 60 kDa, respectively. Our results show that the expression patterns of SOD1 and TrxR differ between A. mellifera and A. cerana under conditions of low or high temperature as well as oxidative stress. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.

Optimal Use of TDOA Geo-Location Techniques Within the Mountainous Terrain of Turkey

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-09-01

Cross -Correlation TDOA Estimation Technique ................. 49 3. Standard Deviation...76 Figure 32. The Effect of Noise on Accuracy ........................................................ 77 Figure 33. The Effect of Noise to...finding techniques. In contrast, people have been using active location finding techniques, such as radar , for decades. When active location finding

SL-7 Extreme Stress Data Collection and Reduction.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-06-01

w c- o b - C.I I’S ~ ~ ~ ~ I’ ’I, , W0 z II 4i4 00 I.cc ’Sc 4 Z Z IZ O * 3 I 3~ 1 t £ 3 I MS 9 4 V CONTENTS Page I. BACKGROUND 1 II. FUNCTIONAL...SL-7-5, (SSC-257) - S-7 Ins: rumen tati-on Th’ooran Background! and Fesearoh Plan by W. J. Siekierka, R. A. Johnson, and CDR C. S. Loosmore, USCG

Determinants of quality, latency, and amount of Stack Overflow answers about recent Android APIs

PubMed Central

Filkov, Vladimir

2018-01-01

Stack Overflow is a popular crowdsourced question and answer website for programming-related issues. It is an invaluable resource for software developers; on average, questions posted there get answered in minutes to an hour. Questions about well established topics, e.g., the coercion operator in C++, or the difference between canonical and class names in Java, get asked often in one form or another, and answered very quickly. On the other hand, questions on previously unseen or niche topics take a while to get a good answer. This is particularly the case with questions about current updates to or the introduction of new application programming interfaces (APIs). In a hyper-competitive online market, getting good answers to current programming questions sooner could increase the chances of an app getting released and used. So, can developers anyhow, e.g., hasten the speed to good answers to questions about new APIs? Here, we empirically study Stack Overflow questions pertaining to new Android APIs and their associated answers. We contrast the interest in these questions, their answer quality, and timeliness of their answers to questions about old APIs. We find that Stack Overflow answerers in general prioritize with respect to currentness: questions about new APIs do get more answers, but good quality answers take longer. We also find that incentives in terms of question bounties, if used appropriately, can significantly shorten the time and increase answer quality. Interestingly, no operationalization of bounty amount shows significance in our models. In practice, our findings confirm the value of bounties in enhancing expert participation. In addition, they show that the Stack Overflow style of crowdsourcing, for all its glory in providing answers about established programming knowledge, is less effective with new API questions. PMID:29547620

Determinants of quality, latency, and amount of Stack Overflow answers about recent Android APIs.

PubMed

Kavaler, David; Filkov, Vladimir

2018-01-01

Stack Overflow is a popular crowdsourced question and answer website for programming-related issues. It is an invaluable resource for software developers; on average, questions posted there get answered in minutes to an hour. Questions about well established topics, e.g., the coercion operator in C++, or the difference between canonical and class names in Java, get asked often in one form or another, and answered very quickly. On the other hand, questions on previously unseen or niche topics take a while to get a good answer. This is particularly the case with questions about current updates to or the introduction of new application programming interfaces (APIs). In a hyper-competitive online market, getting good answers to current programming questions sooner could increase the chances of an app getting released and used. So, can developers anyhow, e.g., hasten the speed to good answers to questions about new APIs? Here, we empirically study Stack Overflow questions pertaining to new Android APIs and their associated answers. We contrast the interest in these questions, their answer quality, and timeliness of their answers to questions about old APIs. We find that Stack Overflow answerers in general prioritize with respect to currentness: questions about new APIs do get more answers, but good quality answers take longer. We also find that incentives in terms of question bounties, if used appropriately, can significantly shorten the time and increase answer quality. Interestingly, no operationalization of bounty amount shows significance in our models. In practice, our findings confirm the value of bounties in enhancing expert participation. In addition, they show that the Stack Overflow style of crowdsourcing, for all its glory in providing answers about established programming knowledge, is less effective with new API questions.

Recombinant allergen-based IgE testing to distinguish bee and wasp allergy.

PubMed

Mittermann, Irene; Zidarn, Mihaela; Silar, Mira; Markovic-Housley, Zora; Aberer, Werner; Korosec, Peter; Kosnik, Mitja; Valenta, Rudolf

2010-06-01

The identification of the disease-causing insect in venom allergy is often difficult. To establish recombinant allergen-based IgE tests to diagnose bee and yellow jacket wasp allergy. Sera from patients with bee and/or wasp allergy (n = 43) and patients with pollen allergy with false-positive IgE serology to venom extracts were tested for IgE reactivity in allergen extract-based tests or with purified allergens, including nonglycosylated Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant (r) Api m 1, rApi m 2, rVes v 5, and insect cell-expressed, glycosylated rApi m 2 as well as 2 natural plant glycoproteins (Phl p 4, bromelain). The patients with venom allergy could be diagnosed with a combination of E coli-expressed rApi m 1, rApi m 2, and rVes v 5 whereas patients with pollen allergy remained negative. For a group of 29 patients for whom the sensitizing venom could not be identified with natural allergen extracts, testing with nonglycosylated allergens allowed identification of the sensitizing venom. Recombinant nonglycosylated allergens also allowed definition of the sensitizing venom for those 14 patients who had reacted either with bee or wasp venom extracts. By IgE inhibition studies, it is shown that glycosylated Api m 2 contains carbohydrate epitopes that cross-react with natural Api m 1, Ves v 2, natural Phl p 4, and bromelain, thus identifying cross-reactive structures responsible for serologic false-positive test results or double-positivity to bee and wasp extracts. Nonglycosylated recombinant bee and wasp venom allergens allow the identification of patients with bee and wasp allergy and should facilitate accurate prescription of venom immunotherapy. Copyright (c) 2010 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

International Conference Post Failure Analysis Techniques for Fiber Reinforced Composites Held in Dayton, Ohio on 1-3 July 1985

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-07-01

Massachusetts "A Microscopy Study of Impact Damage on Epoxy-Matrix ..... . . . 8-1 Carbon Fiber Composites " D.J. Boll, W.D. Bascom and J.C. Weidner Hercules...ON EPOXY-MATRIX CARBON FIBER COMPOSITES D.J. Boll, W.D. Bascom and J.C. Weidner Hercules Aerospace Magna, Utah A Microscopy Study of Impact Damage on...Epoxy-Matrix Carbon Fiber Composites D. 3. Boll, W. D. Bascom, J. C. Weidner and W. J. Murri Hercules Aerospace Magna, Utah Abstract The damage

A Glow Discharge Ion Source with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometric Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-05-10

Hall, D . Mikrochim. Acta 1987, 1, 275. 26. Harrison, W.W.; Bentz , B.L. Prog. Analyt. Spectrosc. 1988, L19 53. 27. Harrison, W.W.; Barshick, C.M...Innovation, and Applications. ACS Symp. Series; Buchanan, M.V., Ed.; American Chemical Society: Washington, 1987; 359, p 1. 3. Wilkins, C.L.; Chowdhury, A.K...J.L. In Gas Phase Ion CheMistry; Bowers, M.T., Ed.; Academic: New York, 1984; Vol. 3, p 41. 6. Dunbar, R.C. In Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; Bowvers, M.T

VIPS: A Visual Imagery and Perception System; the Result of a Protocol Analysis. Volume 2

DTIC Science & Technology

1974-05-01

note the difference between subject and program descriptions and renresentat.ons of this appendix and the previous appendix API , This is a (me eia...Figure 11.11.7(c) i R 0 c 1 k c Ik V U T f^ t * 2. 2. Z KOX * H S ool * i X ToU ♦ 5L X Tot.\\ * 1 » ToUK ♦ Z 2. •Vot^T. ♦ 1 1 TOLL...VSPEC (UO DP, SPEC TE TYPE VEPTEX),P.9 K~ 3 ft55 X5fl A53 X52 Aol) ) i7(CR E38 VSPEC DIAGONAL TYPE SIDE)...) .n[rnQirrT, . ilOIVAS A3a V2.5 A15

Complex coacervate core micelles with a lysozyme-modified corona.

PubMed

Danial, Maarten; Klok, Harm-Anton; Norde, Willem; Stuart, Martien A Cohen

2007-07-17

This paper describes the preparation, characterization, and enzymatic activity of complex coacervate core micelles (C3Ms) composed of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(N-methyl-2-vinyl pyridinium iodide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PQ2VP-PEO) to which the antibacterial enzyme lysozyme is end-attached. C3Ms were prepared by polyelectrolyte complex formation between PAA and mixtures containing different ratios of aldehyde and hydroxyl end-functionalized PQ2VP-PEO. This resulted in the formation of C3Ms containing 0-40% (w/w) of the aldehyde end-functionalized PQ2VP-PEO block copolymer (PQ2VP-PEO-CHO). Chemical conjugation of lysozyme was achieved via reductive amination of the aldehyde groups, which are exposed at the surface of the C3M, with the amine groups present in the side chains of the lysine residues of the protein. Dynamic and static light scattering indicated that the conjugation of lysozyme to C3Ms prepared using 10 and 20% (w/w) PQ2VP-PEO-CHO resulted in the formation of unimicellar particles. Multimicellar aggregates, in contrast, were obtained when lysozyme was conjugated to C3Ms prepared using 30 or 40% (w/w) PQ2VP-PEO-CHO. The enzymatic activity of the unimicellar lysozyme-C3M conjugates toward the hydrolysis of the bacterial substrate Micrococcus lysodeikticus was comparable to that of free lysozyme. For the multimicellar particles, in contrast, significantly reduced enzymatic rates of hydrolysis, altered circular dichroism, and red-shifted tryptophan fluorescence spectra were measured. These results are attributed to the occlusion of lysozyme in the interior of the multimicellar conjugates.

Enabling Mobile Air Quality App Development with an AirNow API

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dye, T.; White, J. E.; Ludewig, S. A.; Dickerson, P.; Healy, A. N.; West, J. W.; Prince, L. A.

2013-12-01

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) AirNow program works with over 130 participating state, local, and federal air quality agencies to obtain, quality control, and store real-time air quality observations and forecasts. From these data, the AirNow system generates thousands of maps and products each hour. Each day, information from AirNow is published online and in other media to assist the public in making health-based decisions related to air quality. However, an increasing number of people use mobile devices as their primary tool for obtaining information, and AirNow has responded to this trend by publishing an easy-to-use Web API that is useful for mobile app developers. This presentation will describe the various features of the AirNow application programming interface (API), including Representational State Transfer (REST)-type web services, file outputs, and RSS feeds. In addition, a web portal for the AirNow API will be shown, including documentation on use of the system, a query tool for configuring and running web services, and general information about the air quality data and forecasts available. Data published via the AirNow API includes corresponding Air Quality Index (AQI) levels for each pollutant. We will highlight examples of mobile apps that are using the AirNow API to provide location-based, real-time air quality information. Examples will include mobile apps developed for Minnesota ('Minnesota Air') and Washington, D.C. ('Clean Air Partners Air Quality'), and an app developed by EPA ('EPA AirNow').