The Use of Non-Verbal and Body Movement Techniques in Working with Families with Infants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Murphy, James M.

1979-01-01

Presents an experiential-educational approach to families with infants integrating dance and movement therapy with family therapy theories and techniques. Nonverbal techniques are the only possible methods of working directly with infants present with their parents in these workshops. The focus is on negotiations and exchanges of feelings in…

Alternative methods of flexible base compaction acceptance.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-11-01

"This report presents the results from the second year of research work investigating issues with flexible base acceptance testing within the Texas Department of Transportation. This second year of work focused on shadow testing non-density-based acc...

The Interaction of Concreteness and Phonological Similarity in Verbal Working Memory

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Acheson, Daniel J.; Postle, Bradley R.; MacDonald, Maryellen C.

2010-01-01

Although phonological representations have been a primary focus of verbal working memory research, lexical-semantic manipulations also influence performance. In the present study, the authors investigated whether a classic phenomenon in verbal working memory, the phonological similarity effect (PSE), is modulated by a lexical-semantic variable,…

A School-to-Work Resource Guide: Focusing on Diversity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maddy-Bernstein, Carolyn, Comp.; And Others

This guide, which is designed for educators who are developing, implementing, or seeking background information about school-to-work transition programs, contains descriptions of 222 of the most current (1990-present) resources for/about the school-to-work transition. The entries describing each resource are organized into four sections:…

Work and General Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and the Pacific.

Presentations and other materials are provided from the Asia and the Pacific Programme of Educational Innovation for Development (APEID) Planning and Review Meeting on Work as an Integral Part of General Education. The focus is on how education, through an orientation to work, could help to decrease the gravity of the problems of population…

Beyond Being Present: Learning-Oriented Leadership in the Daily Work of Middle Managers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Döös, Marianne; Johansson, Peter; Wilhelmson, Lena

2015-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of learning-oriented leadership as being integrated in managers' daily work. The particular focus is on managers' efforts to change how work is carried out through indirect acts of influence. In their daily work, managers influence the organisation's learning conditions in ways that go…

Latina/o Food Industry Employees' Work Experiences: Work Barriers, Facilitators, Motivators, Training Preferences, and Perceptions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kanagui-Munoz, Marlen; Garriott, Patton O.; Flores, Lisa Y.; Cho, Seonghee; Groves, James

2012-01-01

The present study explored the work experiences, job satisfaction, and work behaviors of Latina/o restaurant workers. A total of 10 semistructured focus group (N = 75) interviews were conducted in the Midwest and Southwest. Data were analyzed using a combination of Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR; Hill et al., 2005; Hill, Thompson, &…

The family and work connect: A case for relationship-focused family life education

PubMed Central

Henry, Jane; Parthasarathy, R.

2010-01-01

The article presents the premises for the need to develop a relationship-focused family life education program for young adult employees. The article explores the changing trends in the Indian family unit and their impact on the workforce. The author also presents the findings from interviews with family-intervention experts and their recommendations for the contents of such a program. PMID:20808662

Predictive Analytics for Coordinated Optimization in Distribution Systems

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yang, Rui

This talk will present NREL's work on developing predictive analytics that enables the optimal coordination of all the available resources in distribution systems to achieve the control objectives of system operators. Two projects will be presented. One focuses on developing short-term state forecasting-based optimal voltage regulation in distribution systems; and the other one focuses on actively engaging electricity consumers to benefit distribution system operations.

Science Pedagogy as a Category of Historical Analysis: Past, Present, and Future

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olesko, Kathryn M.

2006-01-01

Historical studies of science pedagogy have flourished in recent years. This essay offers an assessment of the literature on science pedagogy from the 1930s to the present. It argues that rather than focusing on the work of Thomas Kuhn and Michel Foucault, historians of science pedagogy could with profit turn to the work of Ludwik Fleck. Fleck…

Teenage Employment and Career Readiness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Greene, Kaylin M.; Staff, Jeremy

2012-01-01

Most American youth hold a job at some point during adolescence, but should they work? This article presents a broad overview of teenage employment in the United States. It begins by describing which teenagers work and for how long and then focuses attention on the consequences (both good and bad) of paid work in adolescence. It then presents…

Combining Work and School: The Dynamics of Girls' Involvement in Agricultural Work in Andhra Pradesh, India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrow, Virginia; Vennam, Uma

2010-01-01

Child labour in India has long been the focus of research, policy concern and intervention. This article presents an analysis of children's involvement in agricultural work, particularly cottonseed production, drawing on evidence gathered for Young Lives in 2007 and 2008. In parts of Andhra Pradesh, children work in cotton fields for two or three…

Straight from the Source: What Works for First-Generation College Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Engle, Jennifer; Bermeo, Adolfo; O'Brien, Colleen

2006-01-01

This report presents the findings from focus groups with first-generation students in Texas. The students shared what works to help them make the transition from high school to college, as well as what didn't work or what could work better to get more first-generation students into college. Pre-college services and programs can ease the transition…

The Effectiveness of Practical Work in Lower Secondary School Mathematics: A Cultural Approach.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Triadafillidis, T. A.

1996-01-01

Discusses reasons why practical work is used only sporadically in lower secondary school math classes. Presents results of a comparative study between Greece and Scotland, focusing on culture as a differentiating factor of students' performance. (AIM)

Women, Research Performance and Work Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dever, Maryanne; Morrison, Zoe

2009-01-01

This article presents findings from a qualitative study focused on the conditions that support high research productivity in women. Interviewees were all active researchers and many were national or international leaders in their respective fields. While personal factors such as motivation, focus, and good scholarly habits were identified as…

Quantifying Sustainability in Puerto Rico – A Scientific Discussion

EPA Science Inventory

The presentation introduces the symposium and an overview of work on sustainability metrics research in Puerto Rico. The presentation starts broadly by presenting the focus of Office of Research and Development on sustainability and systems thinking and drilling down to the how ...

Ambient Air Mitigation Strategies for Reducing Exposures to Mobile Source PM2.5 Emissions

EPA Science Inventory

Presentation discussing ambient air mitigation strategies for near-road exposures. The presentation provides an overview of multiple methods, but focuses on the role roadside features (sound walls, vegetation) may play. This presentation summarizes preoviously published work by...

Conceptual metaphors and mathematical practice: on cognitive studies of historical developments in mathematics.

PubMed

Schlimm, Dirk

2013-04-01

This article looks at recent work in cognitive science on mathematical cognition from the perspective of history and philosophy of mathematical practice. The discussion is focused on the work of Lakoff and Núñez, because this is the first comprehensive account of mathematical cognition that also addresses advanced mathematics and its history. Building on a distinction between mathematics as it is presented in textbooks and as it presents itself to the researcher, it is argued that the focus of cognitive analyses of historical developments of mathematics has been primarily on the former, even if they claim to be about the latter. Copyright © 2013 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

Cognitive Systems Engineering: The Next 30 Years

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Feary, Michael

2012-01-01

This presentation is part of panel discussion on Cognitive Systems Engineering. The purpose of this panel is to discuss the challenges and future directions of Cognitive Systems Engineering for the next 30 years. I intended to present the work we have been doing with the Aviation Safety program and Space Human Factors Engineering project on Work Domain Analysis and some areas of Research Focus. Specifically, I intend to focus on the shift on the need to understand and model attention in mixed-initiative systems, the need for methods which can generate results to be used in trade-off decisions, and the need to account for a range of human behavior in the design.

Study of Plasma Flows Generated in Plasma Focus Discharge in Different Regimes of Working Gas Filling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Voitenko, D. A.; Ananyev, S. S.; Astapenko, G. I.; Basilaia, A. D.; Markolia, A. I.; Mitrofanov, K. N.; Myalton, V. V.; Timoshenko, A. P.; Kharrasov, A. M.; Krauz, V. I.

2017-12-01

Results are presented from experimental studies of the plasma flows generated in the KPF-4 Phoenix Mather-type plasma focus device (Sukhum Physical Technical Institute). In order to study how the formation and dynamics of the plasma flow depend on the initial distribution of the working gas, a system of pulsed gas puffing into the discharge volume was developed. The system allows one to create profiled gas distributions, including those with a reduced gas density in the region of plasma flow propagation. Results of measurements of the magnetic field, flow profile, and flow deceleration dynamics at different initial distributions of the gas pressure are presented.

Handi Helps, 1984.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Handi Helps, 1984

1984-01-01

The eight issues of Handi Helps presented in this document focus on specific issues of concern to the disabled, parents, and those working with the disabled. The two-page handi help fact sheets focus on the following topics: child abuse, leukemia, arthritis, Tourette Syndrome, hemophilia, the puppet program "Meet the New Kids on the…

Handi Helps, 1985

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Handi Helps, 1985

1985-01-01

The six issues of Handi Helps presented here focus on specific issues of concern to the disabled, parents, and those working with the disabled. The two-page handi help fact sheets focus on the following topics: child sexual abuse prevention, asthma, scoliosis, the role of the occupational therapist, kidnapping, and muscular dystrophy. Each handi…

Rethinking the Idea/Ideal of Pedagogical Control: Assemblages of De/Stabilisation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sandvik, Ninni

2012-01-01

Inspired by a Deleuzian focus on a-personal machineries, this discussion focuses on a challenge to conventional pedagogical relationships and presents the possibility to think about pedagogical control differently. The work of Deleuze also underpins the methodological approach. Drawing on an extract constructed from the author's doctoral project…

The Focus of Attention in Visual Working Memory: Protection of Focused Representations and Its Individual Variation.

PubMed

Heuer, Anna; Schubö, Anna

2016-01-01

Visual working memory can be modulated according to changes in the cued task relevance of maintained items. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying this modulation. In particular, we studied the consequences of attentional selection for selected and unselected items, and the role of individual differences in the efficiency with which attention is deployed. To this end, performance in a visual working memory task as well as the CDA/SPCN and the N2pc, ERP components associated with visual working memory and attentional processes, were analysed. Selection during the maintenance stage was manipulated by means of two successively presented retrocues providing spatial information as to which items were most likely to be tested. Results show that attentional selection serves to robustly protect relevant representations in the focus of attention while unselected representations which may become relevant again still remain available. Individuals with larger retrocueing benefits showed higher efficiency of attentional selection, as indicated by the N2pc, and showed stronger maintenance-associated activity (CDA/SPCN). The findings add to converging evidence that focused representations are protected, and highlight the flexibility of visual working memory, in which information can be weighted according its relevance.

Does Contralateral Delay Activity Reflect Working Memory Storage or the Current Focus of Spatial Attention within Visual Working Memory?

PubMed

Berggren, Nick; Eimer, Martin

2016-12-01

During the retention of visual information in working memory, event-related brain potentials show a sustained negativity over posterior visual regions contralateral to the side where memorized stimuli were presented. This contralateral delay activity (CDA) is generally believed to be a neural marker of working memory storage. In two experiments, we contrasted this storage account of the CDA with the alternative hypothesis that the CDA reflects the current focus of spatial attention on a subset of memorized items set up during the most recent encoding episode. We employed a sequential loading procedure where participants memorized four task-relevant items that were presented in two successive memory displays (M1 and M2). In both experiments, CDA components were initially elicited contralateral to task-relevant items in M1. Critically, the CDA switched polarity when M2 displays appeared on the opposite side. In line with the attentional activation account, these reversed CDA components exclusively reflected the number of items that were encoded from M2 displays, irrespective of how many M1 items were already held in working memory. On trials where M1 and M2 displays were presented on the same side and on trials where M2 displays appeared nonlaterally, CDA components elicited in the interval after M2 remained sensitive to a residual trace of M1 items, indicating that some activation of previously stored items was maintained across encoding episodes. These results challenge the hypothesis that CDA amplitudes directly reflect the total number of stored objects and suggest that the CDA is primarily sensitive to the activation of a subset of working memory representations within the current focus of spatial attention.

The Acadia Learning Project: Lessons Learned from Engaging High School Teachers and Students in Citizen Science Supporting National Parks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nelson, S. J.; Zoellick, B.; Davis, Y.; Lindsey, E.

2009-12-01

In 2007 the authors initiated a citizen science research project, supported with funding from the Maine Department of Education, designed to extend research at Acadia National Park to a broader geographic area while also providing high school students and teachers with an opportunity to engage in authentic research in cooperation with working scientists. The scientific focus of the work has been on providing information about the mercury burden of organisms at different trophic levels across different geographic and environmental settings. The pedagogical focus has been on providing students with immersion in a substantial, field-based project, including background research, hypothesis formulation, data collection and analysis, and presentation of research findings. Starting work with 6 teachers in two schools the first year, the project expanded to involve more than 20 teachers and 350 students in a dozen schools in its second year. In coming years, with support from NOAA and cooperation from other National Parks in the region, the project will expand to include work in other states along the coast of the Gulf of Maine. In this paper the authors describe evolution in the use of the Internet over the first two years of the project, a sharpened focus on professional development for teachers, survey results regarding student views of the nature of science, the importance of focusing on rigorous, useful data collection from an educational perspective, success in establishing that samples collected by students are useful in research, the disjuncture between scientific and pedagogical outcomes, an assessment of the value of student poster presentations, and lessons learned about preparation and use of curriculum support materials. The authors also describe future directions, which include an increased focus on professional development and student work with graphs, a narrower focus in sample collection, and increased use of the Internet to provide participating teachers and students with a picture of how their fieldwork contributes to overall objectives. The authors describe the expected course of research supported by this citizen science project and the work, now underway, on developing learning progressions to support such research.

Advanced Life Support Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barta, Daniel J.

2004-01-01

This presentation is planned to be a 10-15 minute "catalytic" focused presentation to be scheduled during one of the working sessions at the TIM. This presentation will focus on Advanced Life Support technologies key to future human Space Exploration as outlined in the Vision, and will include basic requirements, assessment of the state-of-the-art and gaps, and include specific technology metrics. The presentation will be technical in character, lean heavily on data in published ALS documents (such as the Baseline Values and Assumptions Document) but not provide specific technical details or build to information on any technology mentioned (thus the presentation will be benign from an export control and a new technology perspective). The topics presented will be focused on the following elements of Advanced Life Support: air revitalization, water recovery, waste management, thermal control, habitation systems, food systems and bioregenerative life support.

Working Time in Comparative Perspective. Volume I: Patterns, Trends, and the Policy Implications for Earnings Inequality and Unemployment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wong, Ging, Ed.; Picot, Garnett, Ed.

This is the first of two volumes of selected papers presented at the 1996 conference on "Changes in Working Time in Canada and the United States." Eleven chapters focus on weekly hours worked by individuals, including the recent changes in the distribution of weekly working time in Canada and the U.S., implications of the changing…

Postsecondary Faculty: Life and Work in the People's Republic of China.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Harold A.

Current working conditions of postsecondary faculty in the People's Republic of China are described, with a focus on what has changed since 1976 and the end of the Cultural Revolution. Based on field work in China and on personal correspondence with Chinese faculty members between 1984 and 1989, a broad overview is presented of college and…

Activation and Binding in Verbal Working Memory: A Dual-Process Model for the Recognition of Nonwords

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberauer, Klauss; Lange, Elke B.

2009-01-01

The article presents a mathematical model of short-term recognition based on dual-process models and the three-component theory of working memory [Oberauer, K. (2002). Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention. "Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28", 411-421]. Familiarity arises…

[White House Conference on Aging, 1981. Employment. Report and Executive Summary of the Technical Committee.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sykes, James T.; And Others

This Technical Committee Report on Employment begins with a discussion of trends in work and retirement, examines attitudes toward work and retirement, and describes the economic and social consequences of work. An analysis of the present situation focuses on: (1) employment barriers and opportunities; (2) cost of employment; (3) productivity and…

From the inside Out: Group Work with Women of Color

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Short, Ellen L.; Williams, Wendi S.

2014-01-01

This article will present two models for conducting group work with Women of Color (WOC): the SisterCircle Approach and the Group Relations Model. The authors contend that the models, when used together, combine an internal and external focus ("inside out") of group work that can assist group workers to conduct individual and group-level…

Hiring Social Work Faculty: An Analysis of Employment Announcements with Special Focus on Rural and Urban Differences and 2008 EPAS Implications

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mackie, Paul Force-Emery

2013-01-01

An 11-month long analysis of social work faculty position advertisements examined differences in job descriptions between past and present findings, rural- and urban-located social work programs, doctorate and nondoctorate conferring institutions, and public and private institutions. Additionally, this investigation addressed 2008 Educational…

Work Engagement Accumulation of Task, Social, Personal Resources: A Three-Wave Structural Equation Model

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weigl, Matthias; Hornung, Severin; Parker, Sharon K.; Petru, Raluca; Glaser, Jurgen; Angerer, Peter

2010-01-01

Drawing on Conservation of Resources Theory and previous research on work engagement, the present study investigates gain spirals between employees' engagement and their task, social, and personal resources. It focuses on the key resources of job control, positive work relationships, and active coping behavior. In a three-wave design, work…

More Time for Play: 1999 Rambusch Lecturers Urge More Fun, Less Work, and Less TV.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dugan, Marie M.

1999-01-01

Summarizes presentations by Arlie Hochschild and Henry Labalme at the 1999 Rambusch Lecture Series. Hochschild's lecture focused on concerns regarding dual-career families struggling to meet work and home demands and their impact on children, proposing a national movement for reduced work hours. Labalme discussed television viewing as a public and…

Talking Shop with Moira Runcie.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowers, Rogers

1998-01-01

Presents an interview with Moira Runcie, Editorial Director for ELT (English Language Teaching) dictionaries at Oxford University Press. The interview focuses on the work of A.S. Hornby in creating the first learners dictionary of English and shows how modern dictionaries draw on his work. (Author/JL)

Comparison the Results of Numerical Simulation And Experimental Results for Amirkabir Plasma Focus Facility

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goudarzi, Shervin; Amrollahi, R.; Niknam Sharak, M.

2014-06-01

In this paper the results of the numerical simulation for Amirkabir Mather-type Plasma Focus Facility (16 kV, 36μF and 115 nH) in several experiments with Argon as working gas at different working conditions (different discharge voltages and gas pressures) have been presented and compared with the experimental results. Two different models have been used for simulation: five-phase model of Lee and lumped parameter model of Gonzalez. It is seen that the results (optimum pressures and current signals) of the Lee model at different working conditions show better agreement than lumped parameter model with experimental values.

Synthesizing Evidence: Synthesis Methods for Evidence Clearinghouses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Valentine, Jeff; Lau, Timothy

2015-01-01

Following the theme of the first two presentations, this presentation will focus on the choices available for research synthesis when summarizing research evidence. The presenters will describe the current research synthesis practice of the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) as well as several alternative models, including inverse-variance weighted…

Development and quality analysis of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS).

PubMed

Nilsson, Petra; Bringsén, Asa; Andersson, H Ingemar; Ejlertsson, Göran

2010-01-01

Instruments related to work are commonly illuminated from an ill-health perspective. The need for a concise and useable instrument in workplace health promotion governed the aim of this paper which is to present the development process and quality assessment of the Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS). A survey, using a questionnaire based on established theories regarding work and health, and a focus group study were performed in hospital settings in 2005 and 2006 respectively. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to statistically develop a model, and focus group interviews were made to compare quantitative and qualitative results for convergence and corroboration. The PCA resulted in a six factor model of dimensions containing items regarding management, reorganization, internal work experience, pressure of time, autonomy and supportive working conditions. In the analysis of the focus group study three themes appeared and their underlying content was compared to, and matched, with the dimensions of the PCA. The reliability, shown by weighted kappa values, ranged from 0.36 to 0.71, and adequate Cronbach's Alpha values of the dimensions were all above 0.7. The study validity, indicated by discriminant validity, with correlation values that ranged from 0.10 to 0.39, in relation to the content validity appeared to be good when the theoretical content of the WEMS was compared to the content of similar instruments. The WEMS presents a multidimensional picture of work experience. Its theoretical base and the psychometric properties give support for applicability and offer a possibility to measure trends in the work experience over time in health care settings. One intention of the WEMS is to stimulate the ability of organizations and the employees themselves to take action on improving their work experience. The conciseness of the instrument is intended to increase its usability.

Migrant women farm workers in the occupational health literature.

PubMed

Habib, Rima R; Fathallah, Fadi A

2012-01-01

Little attention has been given to the vulnerable populations of migrant women agricultural workers. A systemic review in PubMed was carried out (1990-2008) using terms related to migrant agricultural workers, with specific focus on women. Case studies from Lebanon and California are presented to highlight key physical, psychosocial, and cultural risk factors among these working populations. The review revealed a host of potential problems that span from pesticide exposure and musculoskeletal disorders to socio-cultural barriers. Comprehensive exposure-outcome and intervention studies focusing specifically on migrant women in agriculture are lacking. In depth studies focusing on the work environment of migrant women workers in the agricultural sector are needed. Personal and environmental factors that influence health should be considered in any effective intervention aiming to influence policy making and have a positive impact on these vulnerable working populations.

Effective Reporting. Resources in Institutional Research, Number 12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bers, Trudy H.

This monograph is a guide to effective presentation of report data and information from institutional research. The work focuses on several types of presentation: the written report (alternative ways for presenting information, appearance, and the audience); graphic displays or charts (to present words or data in an organized or symbolic fashion;…

Working memory capacity as controlled attention in tactical decision making.

PubMed

Furley, Philip A; Memmert, Daniel

2012-06-01

The controlled attention theory of working memory capacity (WMC, Engle 2002) suggests that WMC represents a domain free limitation in the ability to control attention and is predictive of an individual's capability of staying focused, avoiding distraction and impulsive errors. In the present paper we test the predictive power of WMC in computer-based sport decision-making tasks. Experiment 1 demonstrated that high-WMC athletes were better able at focusing their attention on tactical decision making while blocking out irrelevant auditory distraction. Experiment 2 showed that high-WMC athletes were more successful at adapting their tactical decision making according to the situation instead of relying on prepotent inappropriate decisions. The present results provide additional but also unique support for the controlled attention theory of WMC by demonstrating that WMC is predictive of controlling attention in complex settings among different modalities and highlight the importance of working memory in tactical decision making.

Possibilities of the ErgoScope high fidelity work simulator in skill assessment, skill development and vocational aptitude tests of physically disabled persons.

PubMed

Izsó, Lajos; Székely, Ildikó; Dános, László

2015-01-01

The aim of this paper - based on the extensive experiences of the authors gained by using one particular work simulator - is to present some promising possibilities of the application of this (and any other similar) work simulator in the field of skill assessment, skill development and vocational aptitude tests of physically disabled persons. During skill assessment and development, as parts of the therapy, the focus is on the disabled functions. During vocational aptitude tests, however, the focus is already on the functions that remained intact and therefore can be the basis of returning to work. Some factual examples are provided to realize the proposed possibilities in practice.

[An Exploration of Working Conditions and Flexible System for Hospital Nurses].

PubMed

Huang, Chung-I; Yu, Chien; Yu, Chin-Cheh

2016-04-01

The lack of sufficient numbers of professional nurses in the healthcare system in Taiwan is an issue that affects the sustainability of this system and that relates closely to working conditions. The present study explores the expectations that nurses hold with regard to working conditions and the operation of a flexible system in hospitals. A literature review and focus-group interviews were used to develop the questionnaire Working Conditions and Flexible System. A total of 1,150 copies of this questionnaire were distributed to practicing nurses using stratified random sampling, with 1,146 valid copies returned for a valid recovery rate of 99.65%. The results show that the expectations of participants concerning working conditions and a flexible system focus on the 6 factors of task, numerical, divisional, temporal, wages, and leading flexibility. The total mean was 4.35 (SD=0.42). The means for the 6 types of flexibility were all greater than 4.0. Participants deemed flexibility to be of high importance. The demographic variables hospital, work location, age, education level, work position, work unit, and total work years all affected the 6 types of flexibility significantly. The present study supports that the retention of nurses is significantly associated with working conditions and the operation of a flexible system. Administrators and mangers must create positive working conditions and a flexible system in order to enhance the retention and career development of nurses.

The Children's Political Checklist.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coalition for Children and Youth, Washington, DC.

The purpose of this guide is to provide background and focus material for political action regarding several areas of concern related to children and their families: unemployment and the working parent, supports for family economic stability, health and family services, and the environment and the working parent. Each chapter presents brief…

Social Work Continuing Education: A Statewide Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gianino, Mark; Ruth, Betty J.; Miyake Geron, Scott

2016-01-01

This article presents findings from a 2013 qualitative study of social work continuing education (CE) in Massachusetts. Eleven focus groups were conducted with 75 participants from key stakeholder groups: practitioners, educators, licensing board members, and agency administrators. Although positive perspectives surfaced--such as diversity of CE…

Situating Language Production within the Matrix of Human Cognition: The State of the Art in Language Production Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldrick, Matthew; Costa, Albert; Schiller, Niels O.

2008-01-01

A summary of recent work in language production is presented, focusing on the "Third International Workshop on Language Production" (Chicago, USA, August 2006). The articles included in this special issue focus on three overlapping themes: language production in dialogue (Arnold; Costa, Pickering, & Sorace); multilingual language…

Toward a 3-P Model of Workplace Learning: A Literature Review

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tynjala, Paivi

2013-01-01

The interest in research focusing on learning taking place at work, through work and for work has considerably increased over the past two decades. The purpose of the paper is to review and structure this wide and diverse research field. A tentative holistic model--the 3-P model of workplace learning--is presented, in relation to which the…

Enacting Work Space in the Flow: Sensemaking about Mobile Practices and Blurring Boundaries

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, Loni

2013-01-01

An increasing portion of the contemporary workforce is using mobile devices to create new kinds of work-space flows characterized by emergence, liquidity, and the blurring of all kinds of boundaries. This changes the traditional notion of the term "workplace." The present study focuses on how people enact and make sense of new work space…

Time Students Spend Working at Home for School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wagner, Petra; Schober, Barbara; Spiel, Christiane

2008-01-01

The paper presents three studies which deal with the time students spend working at home for school. In addition, the paper focuses on the distribution of time investment over the course of a week and on the relationship between academic achievement and time spent working at home for school. In sum, 824 students with an average age of 15 years…

Experimental study of the performance of a very small repetitive plasma focus device in different working conditions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goudarzi, S., E-mail: sgoudarzi@aeoi.org.ir; Babaee, H.; Esmaeli, A.

SORENA-1 is a very small repetitive Mather-type plasma focus device (20 J) that can operate at frequencies up to 1 Hz. This device has been designed and constructed in the Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Research School of the Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute of Iran. In this article, the structure of SORENA-1 is described and results of experiments with Ar, Ne, and D{sub 2} working gases at several discharge voltages and initial pressures are presented and analyzed.

Experimental study of the performance of a very small repetitive plasma focus device in different working conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goudarzi, S.; Babaee, H.; Esmaeli, A.; Nasiri, A.

2017-01-01

SORENA-1 is a very small repetitive Mather-type plasma focus device (20 J) that can operate at frequencies up to 1 Hz. This device has been designed and constructed in the Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Research School of the Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute of Iran. In this article, the structure of SORENA-1 is described and results of experiments with Ar, Ne, and D2 working gases at several discharge voltages and initial pressures are presented and analyzed.

Teaching Macro Practice: An Experiential Learning Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carey, Lois A.

2007-01-01

This paper presents a model for teaching an undergraduate social work macro practice course utilizing an experiential learning paradigm. The model provides a campus-based project with social work majors in simultaneous dual roles of students and grassroots leaders, focusing on rape and sexual assault prevention training for college students. This…

English 4090: Collaborative Writing at Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sutton, Mark

2007-01-01

This article presents a course design of English 4090: Collaborative Writing at Work. The course is a senior-level elective designed to reinforce students' existing knowledge of professional writing and to teach students how to apply that knowledge effectively in collaborative contexts. Here, the author focuses on the Spring 2006 class and…

Building a Competency-Based Curriculum in Social Work Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bracy, Wanda

2018-01-01

The focus on competency in social work education makes the development of a competency-based curriculum critical. This article describes an approach to curriculum building taking into account the integration, coherency, and integrity of such a curriculum. A presentation of how performance outcomes are fundamental to the relationship between the…

International Consultation and Training on Group Work in South Asia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ibrahim, Farah A.

2015-01-01

This article presents a consultation and training for faculty and graduate students in South Asia under the auspices of the United Nations' Transfer of Knowledge Through Expatriate Nationals (TOKTEN) Program. It describes the development of a consultation relationship and training on group work. Needs assessments focusing on both cultural…

Black Women in Sport.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Tina Sloan; And Others

An overview of the achievements of black women in sports is presented in this collection of essays, biographical sketches, and philosophical investigations. The work is divided into five chapters, the first of which focuses on prejudice (racial and sexual), absence of black women as subjects in the research base, work/home/family pressures, black…

Evaluating Youth Work with Vulnerable Young People.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Furlong, Andy; Cartmel, Fred; Powney, Janet; Hall, Stuart

This report presents the results of an 18-month research project that studied the effectiveness of youth work with vulnerable young people. The research, representing six distinct geographical areas of Scotland characterized by disadvantage, focused on young people aged 13 to 16. In each neighborhood, the project examined the experiences of young…

Tiered Evaluation in Large Ensemble Settings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, David

1998-01-01

Discusses the use of a tiered evaluation system (TES) that allows students to work at different levels, enables teachers to assess progress objectively, and presents students with appropriate challenges in the music ensembles. Focuses on how TES works and its advantages, considers the challenges and flexibility of TES, and provides samples. (CMK)

Humanizing the Workplace.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fairfield, Roy P., Ed.

A series of essays discussing ideas about humanizing work are presented in the document. Three major sections divide the essays, and each includes a preface with comments suggesting the central focus and questions with which the authors are concerned. The first section deals with the history, philosophy, and issues related to work and contains…

Working memory and inattentional blindness.

PubMed

Bredemeier, Keith; Simons, Daniel J

2012-04-01

Individual differences in working memory predict many aspects of cognitive performance, especially for tasks that demand focused attention. One negative consequence of focused attention is inattentional blindness, the failure to notice unexpected objects when attention is engaged elsewhere. Yet, the relationship between individual differences in working memory and inattentional blindness is unclear; some studies have found that higher working memory capacity is associated with greater noticing, but others have found no direct association. Given the theoretical and practical significance of such individual differences, more definitive tests are needed. In two studies with large samples, we tested the relationship between multiple working memory measures and inattentional blindness. Individual differences in working memory predicted the ability to perform an attention-demanding tracking task, but did not predict the likelihood of noticing an unexpected object present during the task. We discuss the reasons why we might not expect such individual differences in noticing and why other studies may have found them.

Aspect-Oriented Monitoring of C Programs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Havelund, Klaus; VanWyk, Eric

2008-01-01

The paper presents current work on extending ASPECTC with state machines, resulting in a framework for aspect-oriented monitoring of C programs. Such a framework can be used for testing purposes, or it can be part of a fault protection strategy. The long term goal is to explore the synergy between the fields of runtime verification, focused on program monitoring, and aspect-oriented programming, focused on more general program development issues. The work is inspired by the observation that most work in this direction has been done for JAVA, partly due to the lack of easily accessible extensible compiler frameworks for C. The work is performed using the SILVER extensible attribute grammar compiler framework, in which C has been defined as a host language. Our work consists of extending C with ASPECTC, and subsequently to extend ASPECTC with state machines.

Work-life balance and welfare.

PubMed

Evans, Lois; Young, Greg

2017-04-01

An online survey and focus groups were conducted, providing qualitative information on the work-life balance of psychiatrists and trainees in Australasia. An invitation to participate in an anonymous online welfare survey was emailed to all the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists trainees, Fellows, and Affiliates. Following this, nine focus groups were held across Australia and New Zealand. Responses received were thematically analysed. The emergent patterns are presented in this report. Our research suggests that work-life balance can be subjectively and objectively measured. There are phases of good and bad work-life balance, depending on stage of career and other commitments. Work-life balance may be an indicator of the health of individuals and organisations. Due to its complexity, with intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved, solutions are unlikely to be simple. Further studies are needed to substantiate our findings.

Family Issues for the Nineties.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirabelli, Alan

This presentation reviews the characteristics of the Canadian family at present. Discussion focuses on divorce, family structure, reproductive technology, fertility, family size, family mobility, family support, government role, women's participation in the labor force, daily family routines, television viewing, work and the family, the need for…

Flexibility within working memory and the focus of attention for sequential verbal information does not depend on active maintenance.

PubMed

Sandry, Joshua; Schwark, Jeremy D; MacDonald, Justin

2014-10-01

The focus of attention seems to be a static element within working memory when verbal information is serially presented, unless additional time is available for processing or active maintenance. Experiment 1 manipulated the reward associated with early and medial list positions in a probe recognition paradigm and found evidence that these nonterminal list positions could be retrieved faster and more accurately if participants were appropriately motivated-without additional time for processing or active maintenance. Experiment 2 used articulatory suppression and demonstrated that the underlying maintenance mechanism cannot be attributed to rehearsal, leaving attentional refreshing as the more likely mechanism. These findings suggest that the focus of attention within working memory can flexibly maintain nonterminal early and medial list representations at the expense of other list representations even when there is not additional time for processing or active maintenance. Maintenance seems to be accomplished through an attentional refreshing mechanism.

Ego Network Analysis of Upper Division Physics Student Survey

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brewe, Eric

2017-01-01

We present the analysis of student networks derived from a survey of upper division physics students. Ego networks focus on the connections that center on one person (the ego). The ego networks in this talk come from a survey that is part of an overall project focused on understanding student retention and persistence. The theory underlying this work is that social and academic integration are essential components to supporting students continued enrollment and ultimately graduation. This work uses network analysis as a way to investigate the role of social and academic interactions in retention and persistence decisions. We focus on student interactions with peers, on mentoring interactions with physics department faculty, and on engagement in physics groups and how they influence persistence. Our results, which are preliminary, will help frame the ongoing research project and identify ways in which departments can support students. This work supported by NSF grant #PHY 1344247.

Dose Measurements in a 20-J Repetitive Plasma Focus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goudarzi, S.; Babaee, H.; Esmaeli, A.; Nasiri, A.; Mazandarani, A.

2018-02-01

In this article, the results of X-ray dose measurements executed using thermoluminescent dosimeters in experiments with a very small (20 J) repetitive plasma focus device named SORENA-1 are presented and analyzed. The working gas in these experiments was Argon. Also, pinch formation in experiments with this device has been observed. This device has been designed and constructed in Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Research School of Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute of Iran. From these results, it is concluded that we can do experiments with this device using Ar as working gas all over the working days of year, and a good symmetry for measured dose around the device has been seen.

Age and health jointly moderate the influence of flexible work arrangements on work engagement: Evidence from two empirical studies.

PubMed

Rudolph, Cort W; Baltes, Boris B

2017-01-01

Research and theory support the notion that flexible work arrangements (i.e., job resources in the form of formal policies that allow employees the latitude to manage when, where, and how they work) can have a positive influence on various outcomes that are valued both by organizations and their constituents. In the present study, we integrate propositions from various theoretical perspectives to investigate how flexible work arrangements influence work engagement. Then, in 2 studies we test this association and model the influence of different conceptualizations of health and age as joint moderators of this relationship. Study 1 focuses on functional health and chronological age in an age-diverse sample, whereas study 2 focuses on health symptom severity and subjective age in a sample of older workers. In both studies, we demonstrate that the influence of flexible work arrangements on work engagement is contingent upon age and health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Standing up to the black cloud: case example of narrative therapy in the motor vehicle sector.

PubMed

Gibson, Michelle

2015-01-01

Using a case study, this article presents narrative therapy as an effective psychotherapy practice for work with victims of motor vehicle accidents. By troubling the standard cognitive behavioral approaches as deficit focused, narrative therapy is outlined as an approach that is focused on the skills and values present in the client's life; it is an approach that allows the client to take authorship over his or her concerns and enact change. This article is meant to be an example of narrative therapy's usefulness and open space for conversation about rehabilitation therapies that focus less on structure and more on strength.

Keeping the focus on children: the challenges of safeguarding children affected by domestic abuse.

PubMed

Peckover, Sue; Trotter, Fiona

2015-07-01

Safeguarding children affected by domestic abuse is a key responsibility for all professionals working with children and families, but can be difficult to achieve in practice. Despite a policy emphasis on early intervention and child-centred work, limited attention has been paid to how professionals in universal and additional support services address this important area of work. This paper reports findings from qualitative research undertaken in one local authority area in the north of England during 2011 which examines the challenges facing professionals in safeguarding children affected by domestic abuse. Six mixed professional focus groups were held, attended by a total of 23 participants. Discussion focused upon participants' awareness of domestic abuse, how they assessed and met children and young peoples' needs, and their views about service provision and safeguarding processes. Data were transcribed and thematic analysis undertaken. The themes presented in this paper--embodied recognition, someone else's job, service gaps, skills deficits, and focusing upon children and young people--illustrate the scope and limitations of professionals' work with children and young people affected by domestic abuse. Areas for practice improvement are discussed. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Education and Partnerships in Child Welfare: Mapping the Implementation of a Child Welfare Certificate Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cash, Scottye J.; Mathiesen, Sally G.; Barbanell, Lisa D.; Smith, Thomas E.; Graham, Pamela

2006-01-01

This article presents the results of focus groups conducted with participants following the completion of a Child Welfare Practice Certificate Program. Concept mapping was used as the guiding research method for the data collection and analysis. Social work students and child welfare workers generated statements during the focus group session that…

State Estimates of Organized Child Care Facilities. Population Division Working Paper Series No. 21.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Casper, Lynne M.; O'Connell, Martin

Census Bureau data have traditionally focused on national estimates of the numbers of children in organized child care facilities using various household surveys. In contrast, this paper presents data on the characteristics of child care businesses for individual states from the Census of Service Industries. Although focusing primarily on the most…

Applying Corpus-Based Findings to Form-Focused Instruction: The Case of Reported Speech

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barbieri, Federica; Eckhardt, Suzanne E. B.

2007-01-01

Arguing that the introduction of corpus linguistics in teaching materials and the language classroom should be informed by theories and principles of SLA, this paper presents a case study illustrating how corpus-based findings on reported speech can be integrated into a form-focused model of instruction. After overviewing previous work which…

Communicating the Nature of Science through "The Big Bang Theory": Evidence from a Focus Group Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Li, Rashel; Orthia, Lindy A.

2016-01-01

In this paper, we discuss a little-studied means of communicating about or teaching the nature of science (NOS)--through fiction television. We report some results of focus group research which suggest that the American sitcom "The Big Bang Theory" (2007-present), whose main characters are mostly working scientists, has influenced…

Digging Deeper: Exploring the Relationship between Mentoring, Developmental Interactions, and Student Agency

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Griffin, Kimberly A.; Eury, Jennifer L.; Gaffney, Meghan E.

2015-01-01

While many cite the importance of having a mentor, focusing on the quality and nature of specific interactions between students and faculty can lead to better strategies promoting student agency. This chapter presents narratives from students who work with the same mentor, focusing on their interactions and how they shaped students' experiences…

Colleges and Universities with Degree or Certificate Bearing Programs in Creativity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yudess, Jo

2010-01-01

In this article, the author presents a list of colleges and universities with degree or certificate bearing programs in creativity. Since this focuses only on degree bearing programs, an individual might also focus on creativity by working with a specific faculty member in a more general program such as industrial-organizational psychology or…

Social Class, Families and the Politics of Educational Advantage: The Work of Dennis Marsden

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ball, Stephen J.

2011-01-01

This article presents a review of Dennis Marsden's work. Looking at his oeuvre overall it is the family and intimate social relations and social class that are at the centre of his interests and analytical focus. Part of the power and effectiveness of his work was an ability to see families and their everyday lives in relation to social policy and…

OECD Work on Technology and Education: Innovative Learning Environments as an Integrating Framework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Istance, David; Kools, Marco

2013-01-01

This article presents in summary a selection of the work conducted by OECD in the field of technology and education, which has been an on-going focus of OECD work since the 1980s. Recently, much of this has been under the heading of "New Millennium Learners", but it has also included the widening of student achievement surveys towards…

Distraction: an assessment of smartphone usage in health care work settings

PubMed Central

Gill, Preetinder S; Kamath, Ashwini; Gill, Tejkaran S

2012-01-01

Smartphone use in health care work settings presents both opportunities and challenges. The benefits could be severely undermined if abuse and overuse are not kept in check. This practice-focused research paper examines the current panorama of health software applications. Findings from existing research are consolidated to elucidate the level and effects of distraction in health care work settings due to smartphone use. A conceptual framework for crafting guidelines to regulate the use of smartphones in health care work settings is then presented. Finally, specific guidelines are delineated to assist in creating policies for the use of smartphones in a health care workplace. PMID:22969308

ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF HEART VALVE FUNCTION

PubMed Central

Sacks, Michael S.; Merryman, W. David; Schmidt, David E.

2009-01-01

Heart valves (HVs) are fluidic control components of the heart that ensure unidirectional blood flow during the cardiac cycle. However, this description does not adequately describe the biomechanical ramifications of their function in that their mechanics are multi-modal. Moreover, they must replicate their cyclic function over an entire lifetime, with an estimated total functional demand of least 3×109 cycles. The focus of the present review is on the functional biomechanics of heart valves. Thus, the focus of the present review is on functional biomechanics, referring primarily to biosolid as well as several key biofluid mechanical aspects underlying heart valve physiological function. Specifically, we refer to the mechanical behaviors of the extra-cellular matrix structural proteins, underlying cellular function, and their integrated relation to the major aspects of valvular hemodynamic function. While we focus on the work from the author’s laboratories, relevant works of other investigators have been included whenever appropriate. We conclude with a summary of important future trends. PMID:19540499

European Directions for Hypersonic Thermal Protection Systems and Hot Structures

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Glass, David E.

2007-01-01

This presentation will overview European Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) and Hot Structures activities in Europe. The Europeans have a lot of very good work going on in the area. The presentation will discuss their emphasis on focused technology development for their flight vehicles.

Hearts and minds and nanotechnology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toumey, Chris

2009-03-01

New research by social scientists is presenting a clearer picture of the factors that influence the public perception of nanotechnology and, as Chris Toumey reports, the results present challenges for those working to increase public acceptance of nanoscience and technology.See focus on public perceptions of nanotechnology.

Undergraduate Reflective Journaling in Work Integrated Learning: Is It Relevant to Professional Practice?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edgar, Susan; Francis-Coad, Jacqueline; Connaughton, Joanne

2013-01-01

This paper presents the research findings from a study reviewing graduates' opinions on completing online reflective journaling tasks during work integrated learning as an undergraduate. The study was divided into two parts with an initial focus group conducted with six physiotherapy graduates seven months following graduation. Findings from the…

How Do Parents and Teachers of Gifted Students Perceive Group Work in Classrooms?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saunders-Stewart, Katie S.; Walker, Cheryl L.; Shore, Bruce M.

2013-01-01

Although an abundance of information exists concerning advantages and disadvantages of certain grouping arrangements with highly able students in classroom settings, little research has focused on gifted children's parents' and teachers' opinions of group work. The present study explored potential differences between these opinions. Parents (n=…

Famine at the Feast: A Therapist's Guide to Working with the Eating Disordered.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doane, H. Mitzi

This guide, written for therapists and counselors working with eating disordered individuals, focuses on both bulimia and anorexia. A brief historical perspective and comments on epidemiology and etiology are provided. Definitions and clinical characteristics of both disorders are presented as well as psychodevelopmental profiles of male and…

A Collaborative Autoethnography of Literacy Professional Development Work in a High-Needs Environment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanders, Jennifer Y.; Parsons, Sue Christian; Mwavita, Mwarumba; Thomas, Katherine

2015-01-01

This article presents the findings of a collaborative autoethnography (CAE) of three teacher educators' work as literacy professional development (PD) leaders in a high-needs, culturally diverse, urban, US school district. The research questions focused on what the facilitators learned about leading literacy PD in a high-needs/high-stakes…

Educational Reform Hyperwaves: Reconceptualizing Cuban's Theories of Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Berkovich, Izhak

2017-01-01

The present work builds on Cuban's ("Educ Res" 19(1):3-13, 1990) seminal work on reform waves. The research explores reform waves in Israeli educational policies since 2000s. The historical case study analysis focuses on conservative and liberal-progressive reforms in education, and reveals that these reforms took place as reoccurring…

Integrating Deliberative Justice Theory into Social Work Policy Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morrow, Helen

2011-01-01

Deliberation that upholds the social work values of justice and inclusion is an essential component of the policy-making process; yet most social welfare policy curricula focus instead on the goals of distributive justice. This article presents a model that demonstrates how deliberative justice can be easily incorporated into beginning level…

Male Social Workers Working with Men Who Batter: Dilemmas in Gender Identity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bailey, Benjamin; Buchbinder, Eli; Eisikovits, Zvi

2011-01-01

Research into the impact of dealing with intimate partner violence has focused mainly on women who treated victims. The present article explores the interaction between male social workers and battering men. The sample included 15 male social workers who worked with battering men in social services. Data collection was performed through…

Perceived Instability in Emerging Adulthood: The Protective Role of Identity Capital

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Luyckx, Koen; De Witte, Hans; Goossens, Luc

2011-01-01

Developmental instability characterizes the late teens and twenties in today's late-modern society. The present study (a) focused on the link between instability and both general (i.e., self-esteem and depressive symptoms) and work-related outcomes (i.e., work engagement and burnout) and (b) investigated the possible moderating role of identity…

School-Wide Proactive Approaches to Working with Students with Challenging Behaviors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bullock, Lyndal M., Ed.; Gable, Robert A., Ed.

This monograph presents highlights from a 2002 forum on school-wide approaches to working with students with challenging behaviors. The forum's focus was on ways to make systemic changes to create school environments that support the use of positive academic and behavioral interventions at the building and classroom levels. The following…

Working Economics: Labor Policy and Conducive Economy in the Netherlands

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Korver, Ton

2004-01-01

The conducive economy challenges both the conceptual foundations and the practices of present-day economies. In the Netherlands, a few initiatives during the 1980s and early 1990s looked promising, in particular, as these initiatives focused on work quality as one major precondition for reducing disability and enhancing labor participation.…

Workplace Literacy: Bottom-Line Business Strategies. Showcase 3.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Florida Chamber of Commerce, Tallahassee.

This report presents a concise and useful overview of the issue of business/education partnerships to develop and implement workplace literacy programs. The first chapter focuses on the challenges of developing a literate work force for Florida. It considers the changing workplace and work force, Florida trends in illiteracy, the impact of…

A Working Woman's Guide to Her Job Rights. Leaflet 55.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC.

This guide presents general information about protection and services provided under federal law that affect women's rights when seeking employment, while working, and when retiring. Section 1 discusses how women can assert their job rights. Section 2 focuses on getting the job. It considers federal laws that provide for employment services and…

Women and the World of Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobin, Nancy; Wilson, Barbara Lazarus

One of the products developed by the Home and Community-Based Career Education Project, the booklet focuses on the concerns of women who want or need to begin or resume a career. It describes today's working woman, examines her options, and presents practical suggestions for overcoming obstacles in planning for and implementing career decisions.…

A Framework for Teaching Practice-Based Research with a Focus on Service Users

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Austin, Michael J.; Isokuortti, Nanne

2016-01-01

The integration of research and practice in social work education and agency practice is both complex and challenging. The analysis presented here builds upon the classic social work generalist framework (engagement, assessment, service planning and implementation, service evaluation, and termination) by developing a three-part framework to…

The Existentialist Counselor at Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bates, Marilyn; Johnson, C. D.

This paper presents the author's experience of Existentialism and its relationship to the counseling process. The basic concepts of the philosophy are presented, described in terms of personal experience, then translated into operational behavior, with the focus on the development of the Existentialist oriented public-school counseling center.…

Advantages and Disadvantages of using a Focused Ion Beam to Prepare TEM Samples From Irradiated U-10Mo Monolithic Nuclear Fuel

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

B. D. Miller; J. Gan; J. Madden

2012-05-01

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and focused ion beam (FIB) milling were performed on an irradiated U-10Mo monolithic fuel to understand its irradiation microstructure. This is the first reported TEM work of irradiated fuel sample prepared using a FIB. Advantages and disadvantages of using the FIB to create TEM samples from this irradiated fuel will be presented along with some results from the work. Sample preparation techniques used to create SEM and FIB samples from the brittle irradiated monolithic sample will also be discussed.

Linking Diversity and Civic-Minded Practices with Student Outcomes: New Evidence from National Surveys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hurtado, Sylvia; DeAngelo, Linda

2012-01-01

The conversation in higher education has shifted, moving from a focus on what students know to a focus on whether they know how to think and, more importantly, toward the goal of providing skills needed for living and working in the twenty-first century. In this article, the authors present national evidence regarding the impact of intentional…

High efficiency focus neutron generator

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sadeghi, H.; Amrollahi, R.; Zare, M.; Fazelpour, S.

2017-12-01

In the present paper, the new idea to increase the neutron yield of plasma focus devices is investigated and the results are presented. Based on many studies, more than 90% of neutrons in plasma focus devices were produced by beam target interactions and only 10% of them were due to thermonuclear reactions. While propounding the new idea, the number of collisions between deuteron ions and deuterium gas atoms were increased remarkably well. The COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 was used to study the given idea in the known 28 plasma focus devices. In this circumstance, the neutron yield of this system was also obtained and reported. Finally, it was found that in the ENEA device with 1 Hz working frequency, 1.1 × 109 and 1.1 × 1011 neutrons per second were produced by D-D and D-T reactions, respectively. In addition, in the NX2 device with 16 Hz working frequency, 1.34 × 1010 and 1.34 × 1012 neutrons per second were produced by D-D and D-T reactions, respectively. The results show that with regards to the sizes and energy of these devices, they can be used as the efficient neutron generators.

Working towards Reform in Mathematics Education: Parents', Teachers', and Students' Views of "Different." Working Paper No. 31

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Civil, Marta

2006-01-01

This essay is a reflection on several aspects related to my encounters with the concept of reform in mathematics education. I start with an exploration of the question of what is reform, grounded on my work with teachers in a project aimed at promoting reform. I focus on two aspects that seem to be present in most approaches to reform--group…

The Gospel of Work: A Study in Values and Value Change. Teacher and Student Manuals.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kline, William A.

A study of value change, this unit for college-preparatory students focuses on the ethic of work in America. The student is asked to evaluate the ethic of work from the Puritans to the present and to account for changes in the concept brought about by industrialism and, most importantly, by the depression of the 1930's. He is then confronted with…

Marketing and social work--synergy in long-term care.

PubMed

Loomis, L M; Bufano, J T

1985-08-01

The concept of marketing is new to the long-term care industry. Limited financial resources dictate that administrators investigate ways to supplement marketing staff. St. John's Home in Rochester, New York, has focused attention on the way in which social work can enhance the effectiveness of the marketing program. Presented here is the role of social work in the marketing mix: product, place, price, promotion, and public relations.

Public Sculpture: America's Legacy. America Past and Present. Study Guide.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powe, Faye; Carter, Richard, Ed.

This guide presents public sculpture as an effective instructional tool, with the primary emphasis on works contributing to a sense of national or community identity. Sculptures are introduced according to the chronology of persons or events commemorated. The 10 lessons focus on United States history from the Civil War to the present. Unit 1:…

User Feedback: Alumni on Workplace Presenting and Improving Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marcel, Mary

2017-01-01

Alumni are an underutilized resource for input on the oral presentation skills employees need at work and what should be taught in oral-presentation-focused business communication courses. Yet they are in a unique position to assess the utility of what they learned and recommend coursework changes. In survey responses, 1,610 business alumni who…

Input Control Processes in Rapid Serial Visual Presentations: Target Selection and Distractor Inhibition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olivers, Christian N. L.; Watson, Derrick G.

2006-01-01

The attentional blink refers to the finding that the 2nd of 2 targets embedded in a stream of rapidly presented distractors is often missed. Whereas most theories of the attentional blink focus on limited-capacity processes that occur after target selection, the present work investigates the selection process itself. Identifying a target letter…

The Dense Plasma Focus Group of IFAS at Argentina: A brief history and recent direction of the investigations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Milanese, Maria Magdalena; CONICET - 7000 Tandil

2006-12-04

This is a short review of the research done by the Dense Plasma Focus Group (GPDM) presently working in Tandil, Argentina, from its origin, more than three decades ago, as part of the Plasma Physics Laboratory of Buenos Aires University (the first one in Latin-America where experiments in plasma focus have been made) up to the present. The interest has been mainly experimental studies on plasma focus and, in general, fast electrical discharges. The plasma focus has extensively been studied as neutron producer, including its possibility to play a role in nuclear fusion. It was also researched not only formore » basic plasma studies, but also for other important applications. Conception, design, construction and study of devices and diagnostics suitable for each application have been made on basis of developed criteria.« less

Experiences of participating in return-to-work group programmes for people with musculoskeletal disorders: A focus group study.

PubMed

Hamnes, Bente; Rønningen, Aud; Skarbø, Åse

2017-09-01

The present study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) who had participated in return-to-work group programmes (RTW-GPs) and to assess whether the programmes had had an impact on their work disability. Three focus group interviews and one individual interview were conducted involving 17 women (mean age = 47) with MSDs who had completed RTW-GPs. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analyses. Participant experiences were categorised into three main themes: changed way of thinking, the importance of being able to work, and a changed lifestyle. The respondents said that participation in the RTW-GPs had enabled them to shift their focus from problems to opportunities. They had become more aware of strategies to enhance their energy levels and continue working. Several participants had reduced their work hours to achieve a better balance between work and daily life. Many participants had also changed their lifestyle habits, which had led to weight reduction, more energy and less pain. The study participants had attained a heightened awareness of what they could do to continue working. Many participants had introduced changes in their daily lives, with consequences for employment, social life and lifestyle. The findings suggest that RTW-GPs can help people with MSDs to remain in employment and prevent absenteeism. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cued Reacquisition Trials during Extinction Weaken Contextual Renewal in Human Predictive Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Effting, Marieke; Vervliet, Bram; Beckers, Tom; Kindt, Merel

2013-01-01

Extinction is generally more context specific than acquisition, as illustrated by the renewal effect. While most strategies to counteract renewal focus on decreasing the context specificity of extinction, the present work aimed at increasing the context specificity of acquisition learning. Two experiments examined whether presenting cued…

Metropolitan School Organization: Basic Problems and Patterns. Volume 1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKelvey, Troy V., Ed.

This anthology describes and discusses the study and development of metropolitan educational delivery systems--the process of bringing education under the control of one system spanning the city and its suburbs. Substantive works focus on the forces presently surrounding the problem of metropolitan educational reform and the present state of…

FLAX: Flexible and Open Corpus-Based Language Collections Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzgerald, Alannah; Wu, Shaoqun; Marín, María José

2015-01-01

In this case study we present innovative work in building open corpus-based language collections by focusing on a description of the opensource multilingual Flexible Language Acquisition (FLAX) language project, which is an ongoing example of open materials development practices for language teaching and learning. We present language-learning…

KSC-02pd1653

NASA Image and Video Library

2002-10-23

KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, FLA. -- KSC employees look over a race car on display during Spaceport Super Safety & Health Day. Dozens of presentations and exhibits across the Center focused attention on safety at work and home.

Playing the game: Psychology textbooks speak out about love.

PubMed

Vicedo, Marga

2012-03-01

Starting in 1958, Harry Harlow published numerous research papers analyzing the emotional and social development of rhesus monkeys. This essay examines the presentation of Harlow's work in introductory psychology textbooks from 1958 to 1975, focusing on whether the textbooks erased the process of research, presented results without hedging, and provided a uniform account of Harlow's work and results. It argues that many textbooks were not passive vehicles of knowledge transmission; instead, they played a role similar to articles of meta-analysis and literature reviews.

Rapid development of Proteomic applications with the AIBench framework.

PubMed

López-Fernández, Hugo; Reboiro-Jato, Miguel; Glez-Peña, Daniel; Méndez Reboredo, José R; Santos, Hugo M; Carreira, Ricardo J; Capelo-Martínez, José L; Fdez-Riverola, Florentino

2011-09-15

In this paper we present two case studies of Proteomics applications development using the AIBench framework, a Java desktop application framework mainly focused in scientific software development. The applications presented in this work are Decision Peptide-Driven, for rapid and accurate protein quantification, and Bacterial Identification, for Tuberculosis biomarker search and diagnosis. Both tools work with mass spectrometry data, specifically with MALDI-TOF spectra, minimizing the time required to process and analyze the experimental data. Copyright 2011 The Author(s). Published by Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics.

Employer attitudes towards the work inclusion of people with disability.

PubMed

Nota, Laura; Santilli, Sara; Ginevra, Maria C; Soresi, Salvatore

2014-11-01

This study examines the importance of work in life of people with disability and then focuses on employer attitudes towards these people. In the light of Stone and Colella's model, the study examines the employer attitudes and the role of variables such as type of disability, employer experience in the hiring of persons with disabilities, the description of hypothetical hirees with disabilities, the ways in which employers evaluate work performance and social acceptability, and the work tasks that they consider appropriate for workers with disability. Eighty employers were randomly assigned to standard condition (candidates with disability were presented by referring to the disability they presented) or positive condition (candidates were presented with reference to their strengths). It was found that the type of disability and its presentation influence employer attitudes. In addition, realistic and conventional tasks were considered appropriate for hirees with disabilities. Implications were discussed. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Mapping Place and Identity in Academic Development: A Humanistic Dialogue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holmes, Trevor; Dea, Shannon

2012-01-01

This article presents a humanistic dialogue between the authors that focuses on mapping place and identity in academic development. The authors chose this format in order to capture some of the important work that conversation among intellectual peers can do--work that forms the basis of much learning at conferences and in the corridors and…

Grounded in Country: Perspectives on Working within, alongside and for Aboriginal Communities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson-Barrett, Elizabeth; Price, Anne; Stomski, Norman; Walker, Bruce F.

2015-01-01

This paper presents the experiences of four researchers working within, alongside and for the Gumala Aboriginal Corporation in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The focus of the research was a health and education needs analysis of Gumala Aboriginal Corporation members that would inform future education and health planning in the region.…

The Five Star Method: A Relational Dream Work Methodology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sparrow, Gregory Scott; Thurston, Mark

2010-01-01

This article presents a systematic method of dream work called the Five Star Method. Based on cocreative dream theory, which views the dream as the product of the interaction between dreamer and dream, this creative intervention shifts the principal focus in dream analysis from the interpretation of static imagery to the analysis of the dreamer's…

Adult Training and Education: Results from the National Household Education Surveys Program of 2016. First Look. NCES 2017-103

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cronen, Stephanie; McQuiggan, Meghan; Isenberg, Emily

2017-01-01

This report presents data on adults' training and education in the United States as of 2016. The report focuses on nondegree credentials and work experience programs. Nondegree credentials include two types of work credentials--certifications and licenses--and postsecondary educational certificates. A certification is an occupational credential…

Why Phishing Works: Project for an Information Security Capstone Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pollacia, Lissa; Ding, Yan Zong; Yang, Seung

2015-01-01

This paper presents a project which was conducted in a capstone course in Information Security. The project focused on conducting research concerning the various aspects of phishing, such as why phishing works and who is more likely to be deceived by phishing. Students were guided through the process of conducting research: finding background and…

Investigating University Educators' Design Thinking and the Implications for Design Support Tools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bennett, Sue; Agostinho, Shirley; Lockyer, Lori

2016-01-01

All university educators perform design work as they prepare and plan learning experiences for their students. How such design work is undertaken, conceptualised, and optimally supported is the focus of ongoing research for the authors. The purpose of this article is to present the results of a research study that sought to gain a richer…

How Do Detergents Work? A Qualitative Assay to Measure Amylase Activity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Novo, M. Teresa; Casanoves, Marina; Garcia-Vallvé, Santi; Pujadas, Gerard; Mulero, Miquel; Valls, Cristina

2016-01-01

We present a practical activity focusing on two main goals: to give learners the opportunity to experience how the scientific method works and to increase their knowledge about enzymes in everyday situations. The exercise consists of determining the amylase activity of commercial detergents. The methodology is based on a qualitative assay using a…

Quality Communication in Hospitality: Language Skills or Culture Transfer?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leung, Peggy; Lo, Terence

This paper focuses on English language teaching for the hospitality industry in Hong Kong, presenting a brief statement on the concept of transfer and its relevance to teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) for the world of work. The observable changes in the nature of language in the world of work in a service-oriented economy are…

Health Professionals' Attitudes towards AOD-Related Work: Moving the Traditional Focus from Education and Training to Organizational Culture

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Skinner, Natalie; Roche, Ann M.; Freeman, Toby; Mckinnon, Anna

2009-01-01

Aim: This article presents a critical review of research on health professionals' attitudes towards alcohol and other drug (AOD)-related work relevant to both researchers and practitioners. It moves beyond education and training programs to examine the relevance of organizational culture in influencing attitudes. Method: A review of research…

When gender bumps into health and safety training: working conditions, readings and challenges drawn from a case study in an industrial chemicals company.

PubMed

Vasconcelos, Ricardo; Teixeira, Sandra; Castelhano, Joana; Lacomblez, Marianne

2012-01-01

Health, safety and environmental issues are at present a social concern and an increasingly referred topic in the so called gender studies. This paper focuses on the relations between training, gender and risk perception in an industrial chemicals company, in Portugal, characterized by a mainly male population and by the presence of high occupational and environmental hazards. After characterizing the company and the training project that started up this reflection, the paper presents the reasons for its focus on gender followed by the essential methodological explanations: 14 interviews were made with male and female workers from the company; their content was transcribed from the audio recordings and it was systematically analyzed. A gender-attentive socio demographic analysis was also undertaken. Although at the beginning the company did not consider the gender issues as a problem nor was it the central topic of the training, which focused on the prevention of occupational and environmental hazards, the results reveal that the gender factor brought to light some working conditions, which so far have not been properly discussed within the group meetings. As a consequence, there is now room for the transformation of the representations on those working conditions.

Preparation for Scaling Studies of Ice-Crystal Icing at the NRC Research Altitude Test Facility

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Struk, Peter M.; Bencic, Timothy J.; Tsao, Jen-Ching; Fuleki, Dan; Knezevici, Daniel C.

2013-01-01

This paper describes experiments conducted at the National Research Council (NRC) of Canadas Research Altitiude Test Facility between March 26 and April 11, 2012. The tests, conducted collaboratively between NASA and NRC, focus on three key aspects in preparation for later scaling work to be conducted with a NACA 0012 airfoil model in the NRC Cascade rig: (1) cloud characterization, (2) scaling model development, and (3) ice-shape profile measurements. Regarding cloud characterization, the experiments focus on particle spectra measurements using two shadowgraphy methods, cloud uniformity via particle scattering from a laser sheet, and characterization of the SEA Multi-Element probe. Overviews of each aspect as well as detailed information on the diagnostic method are presented. Select results from the measurements and interpretation are presented which will help guide future work.

Assessment in Action: Collaborative Action Research Focused on Mathematics and Science Assessments. Reports of Twenty-Three Teacher-Research Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dearn, Ceri; And Others

The works reported in this book represent a second phase to a 2-day summer conference that focused on assessment in mathematics and science classrooms. This book presents research and findings of a subset of the conference participants who investigated a self-selected aspect of assessment in their educational environments. Action research was the…

Critical thinking and contemporary mental health care: Michel Foucault's "history of the present".

PubMed

Roberts, Marc

2017-04-01

In order to be able to provide informed, effective and responsive mental health care and to do so in an evidence-based, collaborative and recovery-focused way with those who use mental health services, there is a recognition of the need for mental health professionals to possess sophisticated critical thinking capabilities. This article will therefore propose that such capabilities can be productively situated within the context of the work of the French philosopher Michel Foucault, one of the most challenging, innovative and influential thinkers of the 20th century. However, rather than focusing exclusively upon the content of Foucault's work, it will be suggested that it is possible to discern a general methodological approach across that work, a methodological approach that he refers to as "the history of the present." In doing so, Foucault's history of the present can be understood as a productive, albeit provisional, framework in which to orientate the purpose and process of critical thinking for mental health professionals by emphasizing the need to both historicize and politicize the theoretical perspectives and therapeutic practices that characterize contemporary mental health care. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Hospital nurses' wellbeing at work: a theoretical model.

PubMed

Utriainen, Kati; Ala-Mursula, Leena; Kyngäs, Helvi

2015-09-01

To develop a theoretical model of hospital nurses' wellbeing at work. The concept of wellbeing at work is presented without an exact definition and without considering different contents. A model was developed in a deductive manner and empirical data collected from nurses (n = 233) working in a university hospital. Explorative factor analysis was used. The main concepts were: patients' experience of high-quality care; assistance and support among nurses; nurses' togetherness and cooperation; fluent practical organisation of work; challenging and meaningful work; freedom to express diverse feelings in the work community; well-conducted everyday nursing; status related to the work itself; fair and supportive leadership; opportunities for professional development; fluent communication with other professionals; and being together with other nurses in an informal way. Themes included: collegial relationships; enhancing high-quality patient care; supportive and fair leadership; challenging, meaningful and well organised work; and opportunities for professional development. Object-dependent wellbeing was supported. Managers should focus on strengthening the positive aspect of wellbeing at work, focusing on providing fluently organised work practices, fair and supportive leadership and togetherness while allowing nurses to implement their own ideas and promote the experience of meaningfulness. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Structure resonances due to space charge in periodic focusing channels

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Chao; Jameson, R. A.

2018-02-01

The Vlasov-Poisson model is one of the most effective methods to study the space charge dominated beam evolution self-consistently in a periodic focusing channel. Since the approach to get the solution with this model is not trivial, previous studies are limited in degenerated conditions, either in smoothed channel (constant focusing) [I. Hofmann, Phys. Rev. E 57, 4713 (1998)] or in alternating gradient focusing channel with equal initial beam emittance condition in the degrees of freedom [I. Hofmann et al., Part. Accel. 13, 145 (1983); Chao Li et al., THOBA02, IPAC2016]. To establish a basis, we intentionally limit this article to the study of the pure transverse periodic focusing lattice with arbitrary initial beam condition, and the same lattice structure in both degrees of freedom, but with possibility of different focusing strengths. This will show the extension of the existing work. The full Hamiltonian is invoked for a pure transverse focusing lattice in various initial beam conditions, revealing different mode structure and additional modes beyond those of the degenerated cases. Application of the extended method to realistic lattices (including longitudinal accelerating elements) and further details will then reveal many new insights, and will be presented in later work.

Media Panel: A Presentation of a Program. Report No. 4

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosengren, Karl Erik; Windahl, Swen

Media Panel is a research program directed toward media habits, causes and effects of TV use among children and adolescents, and viewer/media interaction in general. Results of this longitudinal study from 1970 to the present are presented in three sections focusing on the early work of the group, the preschool panel, and the primary school panel.…

Proceedings of the 5. DOE review of laboratory programs for women

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

1996-12-31

The Fifth DOE Review of Laboratory Programs for Women was held at Brookhaven National Laboratory, May 6--8, 1996, and was co-sponsored by Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. The 1996 Review was organized as a Professional Workshop, that is, there were Invited Talks, plus Oral and Poster Presentations from the participants. These sessions were organized around the Focus Topics selected for the Review. The Focus Topics were: school-lab programs, college programs, positive image of women, cultural audits, employee development, employee mentoring, networking, dependent care, and alternate work schedules. On Monday evening, Toni Joseph gave an informal talk to the participants. She stressedmore » the importance of submitting the Action Items for the respective facilities, and assured them that they would be looked at by the Office of Energy Research. On Tuesday morning, the DOE Points-of-Contact (POC) presented an overview of the past Reviews to give some background on the present DOE Review, and discussed plans for the future. The Review concluded with Focus Sessions, one for each Focus Topic. Each of these sessions was charged with producing a report on the session topic. The Focus Group Reports are included in the Proceedings, along with abstracts to the invited talks, oral presentations and poster presentations.« less

Space Flight Cable Model Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Spak, Kaitlin

2013-01-01

This work concentrates the modeling efforts presented in last year's VSGC conference paper, "Model Development for Cable-Harnessed Beams." The focus is narrowed to modeling of space-flight cables only, as a reliable damped cable model is not yet readily available and is necessary to continue modeling cable-harnessed space structures. New experimental data is presented, eliminating the low-frequency noise that plagued the first year's efforts. The distributed transfer function method is applied to a single section of space flight cable for Euler-Bernoulli and shear beams. The work presented here will be developed into a damped cable model that can be incorporated into an interconnected beam-cable system. The overall goal of this work is to accurately predict natural frequencies and modal damping ratios for cabled space structures.

Recovering Process from Child Sexual Abuse During Adulthood from an Integrative Approach to Solution-Focused Therapy: A Case Study.

PubMed

Gonzalez, Carolina

2017-10-01

In recent times, strengths-based recovery approaches that focus on the present and build strategies that look toward the future have become popular. However, some cases require the consideration of experiences from previous stages of the clients' development. This single-case study explores the psychotherapeutic process of a middle-aged woman who presented with a history of child sexual abuse (incest) and a long-term adult diagnosis of depression that was treated in public health services. This psychotherapy involved an integrative approach to solution-focused therapy; specifically, the approach proposed by Yvonne Dolan to work with adult survivors of sexual abuse, in conjunction with techniques and strategies from the transtheoretical model. Measures incorporating therapeutic working alliance and outcomes were administered over sessions. Results showed positive outcomes from this therapeutic intervention, which remained at 3-month and 12-month follow-ups. Implications for practitioners' specialist practice in health services are discussed, given the complexity of comorbid mental health conditions with a history of child sexual abuse.

Safety Guidelines for Field Data Collection

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2010-02-01

Safety concerns are always present when personnel are working near or adjacent to a highway. Safety considerations must include the workers as well as the motoring public. Construction safety has received extensive attention, but this research focuse...

Thermal power systems, point-focusing distributed receiver technology project. Volume 2: Detailed report

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lucas, J.

1979-01-01

Thermal or electrical power from the sun's radiated energy through Point-Focusing Distributed Receiver technology is the goal of this Project. The energy thus produced must be economically competitive with other sources. The Project supports the industrial development of technology and hardware for extracting energy from solar power to achieve the stated goal. Present studies are working to concentrate the solar energy through mirrors or lenses, to a working fluid or gas, and through a power converter change to an energy source useful to man. Rankine-cycle and Brayton-cycle engines are currently being developed as the most promising energy converters for our near future needs.

Online Resource Utilization in a Hybrid Course in Engineering Graphics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wiebe, Eric N.; Branoff, Theodore J.; Shreve, Mark A.

2011-01-01

This presentation focuses on an ongoing instructional innovation research and development project centered around the development of a blended, online and face-to-face introductory engineering graphics course. The work presented here is an in-depth analysis of how students make use of the online resources to supplement the instructional support…

Past, Present, and Future Trends in Teaching Clinical Skills through Web-Based Learning Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coe Regan, Jo Ann R.; Youn, Eric J.

2008-01-01

Distance education in social work has grown significantly due to the use of interactive television and computer networks. Given the recent developments in delivering distance education utilizing Web-based technology, this article presents a literature review focused on identifying generational trends in the development of Web-based learning…

School Desegregation Plans That Work. Contributions to the Study of Education, Number 10.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willie, Charles Vert; And Others

This policy study reviews American school desegregation plans in general and in four cities (Atlanta, Boston, Milwaukee, and Seattle) in particular. Chapter 1 focuses on relevant court decisions from 1954 to the present. Chapter 2 encapsulates the interaction of States, communities, and courts and presents the study's criteria for plan…

Curriculum Studies in Brazil: Intellectual Histories, Present Circumstances. International and Development Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pinar, William F., Ed.

2011-01-01

This collection, comprised of chapters focused on the intellectual histories and present circumstances of curriculum studies in Brazil, is Pinar's summary of exchanges (occurring over a two-year period) between the authors and members of an International Panel (scholars working in Finland, South Africa, the United States). From these and the…

Metal Trades Modules. Vocational Behavioral Objectives: A Guide for Individualizing Instruction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westinghouse Learning Corp., New York, NY.

The curriculum guide focuses on the metal trades area at the secondary level of vocational education and industrial arts. It addresses the subject in behavioral terms, as prominent components of the career education concept. Presenting two skill modules, sheetmetal working and welding, the objectives presented are designed to be compatible with…

The Predictive Ability of IQ and Working Memory Scores in Literacy in an Adult Population

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alloway, Tracy Packiam; Gregory, David

2013-01-01

Literacy problems are highly prevalent and can persist into adulthood. Yet, the majority of research on the predictive nature of cognitive skills to literacy has primarily focused on development and adolescent populations. The aim of the present study was to extend existing research to investigate the roles of IQ scores and Working Memory…

The Evolution of Vocational Psychology: Questions for a Postmodern Applied Discipline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krieshok, Thomas S.; Motl, Thomas C.; Rutt, Benjamin T.

2011-01-01

Vocational psychology has a long history of acting as a lens that focuses research in basic sciences on the particular experience of work in people's lives. This article presents several areas on the ascendancy in the broader scientific literature and ask how vocational psychology might apply them to issues of work in people's lives. The authors'…

The Extent of Working Memory Deficits Associated with Williams Syndrome: Exploration of Verbal and Spatial Domains and Executively Controlled Processes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rhodes, Sinead M.; Riby, Deborah M.; Fraser, Emma; Campbell, Lorna Elise

2011-01-01

The present study investigated verbal and spatial working memory (WM) functioning in individuals with the neuro-developmental disorder Williams syndrome (WS) using WM component tasks. While there is strong evidence of WM impairments in WS, previous research has focused on short-term memory and has neglected assessment of executive components of…

Work and Family Research in IO/OB: Content Analysis and Review of the Literature (1980-2002)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eby, Lillian T.; Casper, Wendy J.; Lockwood, Angie; Bordeaux, Chris; Brinley, Andi

2005-01-01

This monograph reviews 190 work-family studies published in IO/OB journals from 1980 to 2002. The results of a content analysis are presented which catalog these articles with respect to the study focus, nature and direction of the proposed effects, and predictor, criterion, and mediator variables examined. Then a narrative review of the articles…

Problems of Children of School Age (5-9 Years): Report on a Working Group.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

World Health Organization, Copenhagen (Denmark). Regional Office for Europe.

This report presents the proceedings of a working group convened in Copenhagen in November 1975 by the World Health Organization to discuss the problems of children 5 to 9 years. The report focuses on a survey of the general problems of European children of this particular age, individual risk factors, and individual groups at risk, and suggests…

Social Responsibility and Sustainability: Multidisciplinary Perspectives through Service Learning. Service Learning for Civic Engagement Series

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDonald, Tracy, Ed.

2011-01-01

This concluding volume in the series presents the work of faculty who have been moved to make sustainability the focus of their work, and to use service learning as one method of teaching sustainability to their students. The chapters in the opening section of this book-- Environmental Awareness--offer models for opening students to the awareness…

The Implicit Curriculum in Social Work Education: The Culture of Human Interchange

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bogo, Marion; Wayne, Julianne

2013-01-01

This article focuses on the culture of human interchange, which is included as a component of the implicit curriculum in the current EPAS. It presents the use of the implicit curriculum concept in teacher and medical education as a context for its application to social work education. The authors argue that professional behaviors taught in the…

A Missing Link in Suggestibility Research: What Is Known About the Behavior of Field Interviewers in Unstructured Interviews With Young Children?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilstrap, Livia L.

2004-01-01

Despite suggestibility researchers' focus on adult behaviors that distort children's reports, whether behaviors examined in experimental work are used in the field is unknown. The current study presents a mutually exclusive and exhaustive hierarchical coding system that reflects interview questioning behaviors of concern in experimental work. The…

A Winding Road--Professional Trajectories from Higher Education to Working Life: A Case Study of Political Science and Psychology Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nystrom, Sofia; Dahlgren, Madeleine Abrandt; Dahlgren, Lars Owe

2008-01-01

This qualitative and longitudinal study focuses on graduate employment and the development of graduate employment paths. The aim of this article is to explore the present professional trajectory from higher education to working life, with particular reference to graduates from two different study programmes at Linkoping University in Sweden:…

Queer Choreographies of Care: A Guided Tour of an Arts and Social Welfare Initiative in Manchester

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Jenny

2013-01-01

This article presents a guided tour of the Men's Room, an arts and social welfare project that works with young men with experiences of homelessness, sex work and the criminal justice system. Focusing on three "dwelling moments" that capture how the project occupies space and time, the article describes how a queer spatial practice…

The Wicked Problem of Embedding Academic Literacies: Exploring Rhizomatic Ways of Working through an Adaptive Leadership Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Benzie, Helen Joy; Pryce, Alison; Smith, Keith

2017-01-01

Embedding academic literacies in higher education courses has been a major focus of the work of learning advisers. A number of studies present the results of embedding in specific courses without discussing the processes of negotiation or the different people involved. This paper is about embedding academic literacies in the Business faculty as…

Next Generation Communications: Making IT Work. Pacific Telecommunications Council Annual Conference Proceedings (24th, Honolulu, Hawaii, January 13-17, 2002).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pacific Telecommunications Council, Honolulu, HI.

This proceedings includes the papers presented at the 2002 conference of the Pacific Telecommunications Council (PTC), with its theme "Next Generation Communications: Making IT Work." The PTC2002 annual conference seeks to focus on harnessing the complexities of the broadest range of communications technologies and services for the user.…

Emerging Issues in Science and Technology, 1981. A Compendium of Working Papers for the National Science Foundation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Science Foundation, Washington, DC.

The eight working papers presented in this compendium were prepared for the National Science Foundation (NSF) as one means to assist the Office of Science and Technology Policy with preparation of the Administration's Annual Science and Technology Report to the Congress, 1981. They focus on specific aspects of three central themes directly related…

Accelerating and Braking in Times of Economic Crisis: Organisational Learning in a Top Management Team

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallo, Andreas; Kock, Henrik; Nilsson, Peter

2012-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the results of a study of an industrial company's top management team (TMT) that fought to survive an economic crisis. Specifically, the article seeks to focus on describing the TMT's composition, group processes, and work during a period of high external pressure; analysing the TMT's work in…

The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning on Pupils with Learning Difficulties Regarding Academic Performance, Group Work and Motivation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Filippatou, Diamanto; Kaldi, Stavroula

2010-01-01

This study focuses upon the effectiveness of project-based learning on primary school pupils with learning difficulties regarding their academic performance and attitudes towards self efficacy, task value, group work and teaching methods applied. The present study is a part of a larger one that included six Greek fourth-grade primary school…

The ergonomic process of an automotive company in Brazil: a study case.

PubMed

Bustos, Carolina; Fischer, Daniela; Ballardin, Lucimara; Nielsen, Rudolf

2012-01-01

The goal of this paper is to present the ergonomic process of an automotive company, whose focus is on the adaptation of the work conditions to the psychophysiological characteristics of its employees. The planning and the development of the ergonomic actions took place in three distinctive stages: ergonomic analysis of the work post (stage 1), ergonomic adaptations (stage 2) and Ergonomic Committee (stage 3). The activities started in June 2006 and have lasted to the current date, keeping a permanent improving process. The procedure adopted was based on the ergonomic analysis methodology proposed by Wisner (1994:1997) and the stages of the Ergonomic Analysis of Work presented in the 17 NR Regulatory Manual (MET, 2002). The paper's approach focused on the voluntary participation of workers from different areas and different hierarchical levels of the organization throughout all the stages of the process. The methodological procedures included descriptive research techniques, exploratory and qualitative research criteria, background and guidelines available in literature and legislation, as well as company information. Among the main results it can be mentioned the satisfaction of the employees regarding the appropriate work conditions, cultural and organizational changes and the creation of an Ergonomic Committee in the company.

The effects of organizational and community embeddedness on work-to-family and family-to-work conflict.

PubMed

Ng, Thomas W H; Feldman, Daniel C

2012-11-01

The present study offers competing hypotheses regarding the relationships of changes in organizational and community embeddedness with changes in work-to-family and family-to-work conflict. Data were collected from 250 U.S. and 165 Chinese managers and professionals, all of whom were married, at 3 points in time over a 10-month period. Results suggest that increases in perceptions of organizational and community embeddedness are associated with increases in work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict over time. Further, we found that these effects were even stronger for employees with highly individualistic values. Thus, although much of the previous research has focused on the positive effects of employee embeddedness for individuals' work lives, the present study provides some evidence of the potentially negative effects of employee embeddedness for individuals' family lives. (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.

Boredom at Work: Implications for the Design of Jobs with Variable Requirements

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-09-01

of jobs both in the military and in the larger world of work. It presents implications for staffing a variety of boring jobs... the job is a fact of life for millions of workers, it has been largely ignored as a research topic. This paucity of research reflects a tendency to...prominent. Also, the focus of this review on work-related boredom limits its treatment of situational factors to job and task

Operational characteristics of a high voltage dense plasma focus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Woodall, D. M.

1985-11-01

A high voltage dense plasma focus powered by a single stage Marx bank was designed, built and operated. The maximum bank parameters are: voltage--120 kV, energy--20 kJ, short circuit current--600kA. The bank impedance is about 200 millohms. The plasma focus center electrode diameter is 1.27 cm. The outer electrode diameter is 10.16 cm. Rundown length is about 10 cm, corresponding to a bank quarter period of about 900 millohms ns. Rundown L is about 50 milliohms. The context of this work is established with a review of previous plasma focus theoretical, experimental and computational work and related topics. Theoretical motivation for high voltage operation is presented. The design, construction and operation of this device are discussed in detail. Results and analysis of measurements obtained are presented. Device operation was investigated primarily at 80 kV (9 kJ), with a gas fill of about 1 torr H2, plus 3-5 percent A. The following diagnostics were used: gun voltage and current measurements; filtered, time resolved x ray PIN measurements of the pinch region; time integrated x ray pinhole photographs of the pinch region; fast frame visible light photographs of the sheath during rundown; and B probe measurements of the current sheath shortly before collapse.

Preliminary results of Malaysian nuclear agency plasma focus (MNA-PF) as a slow focus mode device for argon and deuterium filling gas in correlation with Lee model code

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zin, M. F. M.; Baijan, A. H.; Damideh, V.; Hashim, S. A.; Sabri, R. M.

2017-03-01

In this work, preliminary results of MNA-PF device as a Slow Focus Mode device are presented. Four different kinds of Rogowski Coils which have been designed and constructed for dI/dt signals measurements show that response frequency of Rogowski Coil can affect signal time resolution and delay which can change the discharge circuit inductance. Experimental results for 10 to 20 mbar Deuterium and 0.5 mbar to 6 mbar Argon which are captured by 630 MHz Rogowski coil in correlation with Lee Model Code are presented. Proper current fitting using Lee Model Code shows that the speed factor for MNA-PF device working with 13 mbar Deuterium is 30 kA/cm.torr1/2 at 14 kV which indicates that the device is operating at slow focus mode. Model parameters fm and fmr predicted by Lee Model Code during current fitting for 13 mbar Deuterium at 14kV were 0.025 and 0.31 respectively. Microspec-4 Neutron Detector was used to obtain the dose rate which was found to be maximum at 4.78 uSv/hr and also the maximum neutron yield calculated from Lee Model Code is 7.5E+03 neutron per shot.

Modeling a Miniaturized Scanning Electron Microscope Focusing Column - Lessons Learned in Electron Optics Simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Loyd, Jody; Gregory, Don; Gaskin, Jessica

2016-01-01

This presentation discusses work done to assess the design of a focusing column in a miniaturized Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) developed at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) for use in-situ on the Moon-in particular for mineralogical analysis. The MSFC beam column design uses purely electrostatic fields for focusing, because of the severe constraints on mass and electrical power consumption imposed by the goals of lunar exploration and of spaceflight in general. The resolution of an SEM ultimately depends on the size of the focused spot of the scanning beam probe, for which the stated goal here is a diameter of 10 nanometers. Optical aberrations are the main challenge to this performance goal, because they blur the ideal geometrical optical image of the electron source, effectively widening the ideal spot size of the beam probe. In the present work the optical aberrations of the mini SEM focusing column were assessed using direct tracing of non-paraxial rays, as opposed to mathematical estimates of aberrations based on paraxial ray-traces. The geometrical ray-tracing employed here is completely analogous to ray-tracing as conventionally understood in the realm of photon optics, with the major difference being that in electron optics the lens is simply a smoothly varying electric field in vacuum, formed by precisely machined electrodes. Ray-tracing in this context, therefore, relies upon a model of the electrostatic field inside the focusing column to provide the mathematical description of the "lens" being traced. This work relied fundamentally on the boundary element method (BEM) for this electric field model. In carrying out this research the authors discovered that higher accuracy in the field model was essential if aberrations were to be reliably assessed using direct ray-tracing. This led to some work in testing alternative techniques for modeling the electrostatic field. Ultimately, the necessary accuracy was attained using a BEM/Fourier series hybrid approach. The presentation will give background remarks about the MSFC mini Lunar SEM concept and electron optics modeling, followed by a description of the alternate field modeling techniques that were tried, along with their incorporation into a ray-trace simulation. Next, the validation of this simulation against commercially available software will be discussed using an example lens as a test case. Then, the efficacy of aberration assessment using direct ray-tracing will be demonstrated, using this same validation case. The discussion will include practical error checks of the field solution. Finally, the ray-trace assessment of the MSFC mini Lunar SEM concept will be shown and discussed. The authors believe this presentation will be of general interest to practitioners of modeling and simulation, as well as those with a general optics background. Because electron optics and photon optics share many basic concepts (e.g., lenses, images, aberrations, etc.), the appeal of this presentation need not be restricted to just those interested in charged particle optics.

Journal Publication of Material Presented at the 1967 Annual Meeting of the Geophysical Union During the Year Following the Meeting.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD. Center for Research in Scientific Communication.

The April 1967 Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union was the subject of an investigation of scientific information exchange among geophysicists. The study focused on meeting presentation papers and drew a sample of 240 of the 800 presentation authors. The results of the meeting study demonstrated the currency of the work reported by…

Some Days Are Golden.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Lee Bolton

1993-01-01

Describes an approach to teaching William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" utilizing a dramatic sequence of events and focusing on grudges and hatred. Outlines eight steps to be undertaken in presenting this dramatic work. Ends with workshop participant comments, all favorable. (HB)

Applying the highway safety manual to Georgia.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2015-08-01

This report examines the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) from the perspective of applying its : methods and approaches within the state of Georgia. The work presented here focuses : specifically on data requirements and methods that may be of particular ...

Troubleshooting: Dealing with a Misbehaving Apple.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Scott, Patrick B.; Howell, Richard D.

1984-01-01

Presents troubleshooting suggestions specifically intended for the Apple II microcomputer which have been developed from experiences working with children and pre- and inservice teachers. Guidelines for diagnosing problems focus on the mechanical functions of the microcomputer hardware. (MBR)

Backup of Renewable Energy for an Electrical Island: Case Study of Israeli Electricity System—Current Status

PubMed Central

Fakhouri, A.; Kuperman, A.

2014-01-01

The paper focuses on the quantitative analysis of Israeli Government's targets of 10% renewable energy penetration by 2020 and determining the desired methodology (models) for assessing the effects on the electricity market, addressing the fact that Israel is an electricity island. The main objective is to determine the influence of achieving the Government's goals for renewable energy penetration on the need for backup in the Israeli electricity system. This work presents the current situation of the Israeli electricity market and the study to be taken in order to assess the undesirable effects resulting from the intermittency of electricity generated by wind and solar power stations as well as presents some solutions to mitigating these phenomena. Future work will focus on a quantitative analysis of model runs and determine the amounts of backup required relative to the amount of installed capacity from renewable resources. PMID:24624044

Backup of renewable energy for an electrical island: case study of Israeli electricity system--current status.

PubMed

Fakhouri, A; Kuperman, A

2014-01-01

The paper focuses on the quantitative analysis of Israeli Government's targets of 10% renewable energy penetration by 2020 and determining the desired methodology (models) for assessing the effects on the electricity market, addressing the fact that Israel is an electricity island. The main objective is to determine the influence of achieving the Government's goals for renewable energy penetration on the need for backup in the Israeli electricity system. This work presents the current situation of the Israeli electricity market and the study to be taken in order to assess the undesirable effects resulting from the intermittency of electricity generated by wind and solar power stations as well as presents some solutions to mitigating these phenomena. Future work will focus on a quantitative analysis of model runs and determine the amounts of backup required relative to the amount of installed capacity from renewable resources.

Volume curtaining: a focus+context effect for multimodal volume visualization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fairfield, Adam J.; Plasencia, Jonathan; Jang, Yun; Theodore, Nicholas; Crawford, Neil R.; Frakes, David H.; Maciejewski, Ross

2014-03-01

In surgical preparation, physicians will often utilize multimodal imaging scans to capture complementary information to improve diagnosis and to drive patient-specific treatment. These imaging scans may consist of data from magnetic resonance imaging (MR), computed tomography (CT), or other various sources. The challenge in using these different modalities is that the physician must mentally map the two modalities together during the diagnosis and planning phase. Furthermore, the different imaging modalities will be generated at various resolutions as well as slightly different orientations due to patient placement during scans. In this work, we present an interactive system for multimodal data fusion, analysis and visualization. Developed with partners from neurological clinics, this work discusses initial system requirements and physician feedback at the various stages of component development. Finally, we present a novel focus+context technique for the interactive exploration of coregistered multi-modal data.

Searching for serial refreshing in working memory: Using response times to track the content of the focus of attention over time.

PubMed

Vergauwe, Evie; Hardman, Kyle O; Rouder, Jeffrey N; Roemer, Emily; McAllaster, Sara; Cowan, Nelson

2016-12-01

One popular idea is that, to support the maintenance of a set of elements over brief periods of time, the focus of attention rotates among the different elements, thereby serially refreshing the content of working memory (WM). In the research reported here, probe letters were presented between to-be-remembered letters, and response times to these probes were used to infer the status of the different items in WM. If the focus of attention cycles from one item to the next, its content should be different at different points in time, and this should be reflected in a change in the response time patterns over time. Across a set of four experiments, we demonstrated a striking pattern of invariance in the response time patterns over time, suggesting either that the content of the focus of attention did not change over time or that response times cannot be used to infer the content of the focus of attention. We discuss how this pattern constrains models of WM, attention, and human information processing.

Representations of health and illness by Eastern European, South American and Italian care workers: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Pace, Cecilia Serena; Velotti, Patrizia; Zavattini, Giulio Cesare

2012-05-01

This qualitative research examined the representations of health and illness presented by 30 individuals who work as care workers, from three different locations: Eastern Europe, South America and Italy. We led three focus groups for people who came from the same geographical area (intra-ethnic) and two for those from 'mixed' areas (inter-ethnic). From our content analyses, certain similarities and differences between the conceptualizations of health and illness emerged: in the intra-ethnic focus groups, Eastern Europeans focused on 'inner strengths', South Americans on 'love' and Italians on 'personal autonomy'. These peculiar traits were levelled in the inter-ethnic focus groups.

Traffic Flow Management and Optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rios, Joseph Lucio

2014-01-01

This talk will present an overview of Traffic Flow Management (TFM) research at NASA Ames Research Center. Dr. Rios will focus on his work developing a large-scale, parallel approach to solving traffic flow management problems in the national airspace. In support of this talk, Dr. Rios will provide some background on operational aspects of TFM as well a discussion of some of the tools needed to perform such work including a high-fidelity airspace simulator. Current, on-going research related to TFM data services in the national airspace system and general aviation will also be presented.

Ponderomotive and weakly relativistic self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in plasma: Effect of light absorption

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Patil, S. D., E-mail: sdpatilphy@gmail.com; Takale, M. V.

2016-05-06

This paper presents an influence of light absorption on self-focusing of laser beam propagation in plasma. The differential equation for beam-width parameter is obtained using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin and paraxial approximations through parabolic equation approach. The nonlinearity in dielectric function is assumed to be aroused due to the combined effect of weakly relativistic and ponderomotive regime. To highlight the nature of propagation, behavior of beam-width parameter with dimensionless distance of propagation is presented graphically and discussed. The present work is helpful to understand issues related to the beam propagation in laser plasma interaction experiments where light absorption plays a vital role.

A century of work teams in the Journal of Applied Psychology.

PubMed

Mathieu, John E; Hollenbeck, John R; van Knippenberg, Daan; Ilgen, Daniel R

2017-03-01

Work groups are a vital link between individuals and organizations. Systematic psychological research on the nature and effects of work groups dates back at least to the Hawthorne studies of the 1920s and 1930s. Yet little to none of this work appeared in the Journal of Applied Psychology until the 1950s when groups were treated primarily as foils against which to compare the performance of individuals. From the 1990s to the present, the volume of research and the nature of topics addressing work group/teams expanded significantly. The authors review the evolution of team research over the past century with a particular focus on that which has appeared in this journal. They chronicle the shift from a focus on individuals within teams, or on individual versus team comparisons, to a focus on the team itself and larger systems of teams. They describe the major outcomes studied within this literature, and how they relate to the nature of team tasks and structures. Further, the authors consider the roles of team members' characteristics and composition, and team dynamics in terms of processes and emergent states. They close with a call for future research that models dynamic team relationships in context and as they operate in complex systems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Transport and contact-free investigation of REBCO thin film temperature dependent pinning landscapes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sinclair, John; Jaroszynski, Jan; Hu, Xinbo; Santos, Michael

2013-03-01

Studies of the pinning mechanisms and landscapes of REBa2Cu3Ox (RE=rare earth elements) thin films have been a topic of study in recent years due to, among other reasons, their ability to introduce nonsuperconducting phases and defects. Here we will focus on REBCO thin films with BaZrO3 nanocolumns and other isotropic defects. The evolution of the dominant pinning mechanisms seems to change as a function of temperature even to the point that samples with similar critical current density properties at high temperatures can have distinctly different properties at low temperatures. Earlier work focused on the angular selectivity of the current density profile, though other properties (such as alpha values) can evolve as well. Characteristic results accentuating this evolution of current density properties will be presented. Challenges exist in evaluating these low temperature properties in high magnetic fields, therefore both transport and contact-free results were be presented to compliment the work. Support for this work is provided by the NHMFL via NSF DRM 0654118.

Global rainfall monitoring by SSM/I

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barrett, Eric C.; Kidd, C.; Kniveton, D.

1993-01-01

Significant accomplishments in the last year of research are presented. During 1991, three main activities were undertaken: (1) development and testing of a preliminary global rainfall algorithm; (2) researching areas of strong surface scattering; and (3) formulation of a program of work for the WetNet PrecipWG. Focus of present research and plans for next year are briefly dismissed.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kim, Young Jin

The PowerPoint presentation focused on research goals, specific information about the atomic magnetometer, response and resolution factors of the SERF magnetometer, FC+AM systems, tests of field transfer and resolution on FC, gradient cancellation, testing of AM performance, ideas for a multi-channel AM, including preliminary sensitivity testing, and a description of a 6 channel DAQ system. A few ideas for future work ended the presentation.

The Nature of the Child as a Learner: An Interview with Kieran Egan.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Turner, Joy

1995-01-01

Presents an interview with Kieran Egan, an award-winning professor of education. Egan's research has focused on the role of imagination in learning, providing new understanding on how children's minds work. After presenting an academic portrait of Egan, discusses his opinion on the role of educational theory today and his teaching-as-storytelling…

Framing and Face: The Relevance of "The Presentation of Self" to Linguistic Discourse Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tannen, Deborah

2009-01-01

Although Erving Goffman did not turn his analytic focus specifically toward language until later in his career, his work, beginning with "The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life," has been crucial for discourse analysts and interactional sociolinguists who study language in social context. Perhaps most influential have been his concepts of…

Talking Shop: Authentic Conversation and Teacher Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clark, Christopher M., Ed.

This book presents a set of stories that focus on what teachers learn from talking to one another about their practice, presenting a case for how the ordinary talk among teachers is a potent medium for teacher learning and professional development. Drawing from the work of eight groups of teachers in the United States and Israel who met in…

Multimodal Evaluation in Academic Discussion Sessions: How Do Presenters Act and React?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Querol-Julian, Mercedes; Fortanet-Gomez, Inmaculada

2012-01-01

Evaluation in academic discourse has received considerable attention from researchers. Much of the work on evaluation has focused, however, on written genres, and less attention has been paid to how evaluation unfolds in spoken academic genres. In our present research, we are interested in disclosing how the interpersonal meaning of evaluation is…

A Critical Review of the Model Minority Myth in Selected Literature on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poon, OiYan; Squire, Dian; Kodama, Corinne; Byrd, Ajani; Chan, Jason; Manzano, Lester; Furr, Sara; Bishundat, Devita

2016-01-01

This article presents a critical review of 112 works of research on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) in higher education. It focuses on ways previous scholarship framed AAPIs in higher education, and specifically on how those works engaged in a sustained project of countering the model minority myth (MMM). Many publications on AAPIs…

An Initiative Toward Reliable Long-Duration Operation of Diode Lasers in Space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tratt, David M.; Amzajerdian, Farzin; Stephen, Mark A.; Shapiro, Andrew A.

2006-01-01

This viewgraph presentation reviews the workings of the Laser Diode Arrays (LDA) working group. The group facilitates focused interaction between the LDA user and provider communities and it will author standards document for the specification and qualification of LDA's for operation in the space environment. It also reviews the NASA test and evaluation facilities that are available to the community.

CEDEFOP Work Programme 2000, Approved at the Meeting of the Management Board (November 23-24, 1999). CEDEFOP Reference Document.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training, Thessaloniki (Greece).

This document presents the Work Program 2000 of the European Center for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP). It is divided into two sections, each of which describes the main aims and expected activities and outcomes of CEDEFOP projects and the activities of its networks in 2000. The first focuses on developing knowledge and expertise…

A Commentary on Innovation and Emerging Scientific Careers: Is Social Work Prepared to Compete in Today's Scientific Marketplace?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Craddock, Jaih B.

2017-01-01

The aim of this article is to address some of the questions Dr. Paula S. Nurius presents in her article, "Innovation and Emerging Scientific Careers: Is Social Work Prepared to Compete in Today?s Scientific Marketplace?" Specifically, this article will focus on what we can do to better prepare our emerging research scholars to be…

Promoting Safe Work for Young Workers: A Community-Based Approach. A Resource Guide Documenting the Experiences of Three Young Worker Projects.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bush, Diane; Gonzalez-Arroyo, Michele; Stock, Laura; Delp, Linda; Miara, Christine; Dewey, Robin; Sinclair, Raymond C.; Ortega, Maria J.

This guide presents the lessons learned from three health education projects that focused on young worker issues and were funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. In these projects, occupational health educators worked for 3 years, in three different communities, to raise the awareness of young worker issues, including…

Other Words, Other Worlds: Language-in-Culture. Reports of the Working Committees of the Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dodge, James W., Ed.

The Report of the First Working Committee of the 1972 Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages focuses on the interrelationship of culture and language. A discussion on teaching another culture and on sociocultural aspects of foreign-language study comprises the first major section of the "Report." The second part presents short…

Learning for Development: Selected Speeches of Sir John Daniel and Colleagues, September 2006-February 2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Commonwealth of Learning, 2007

2007-01-01

The third in a series published by the Commonwealth of Learning (COL), this booklet reproduces five addresses and one article from late 2006 and early 2007. This collection of speeches is entitled "Learning for Development" because that is the focus of the work of the COL's work. The addresses presented here were given at the opening and…

Daisaku Ikeda's Curriculum of Soka Education: Creating Value through Dialogue, Global Citizenship, and "Human Education" in the Mentor-Disciple Relationship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goulah, Jason; Ito, Takao

2012-01-01

This essay review focuses on Daisaku Ikeda (b. 1928) and his curriculum of Soka, or value-creating, education present in two works: "Choose Life: A Dialogue" (Toynbee & Ikeda, 1976) and "Thoughts on Education for Global Citizenship" (Ikeda, 1996b). In reviewing these works, the authors trace the biographical roots of Ikeda's educational philosophy…

Teenage employment and career readiness.

PubMed

Greene, Kaylin M; Staff, Jeremy

2012-01-01

Most American youth hold a job at some point during adolescence, but should they work? This article presents a broad overview of teenage employment in the United States. It begins by describing which teenagers work and for how long and then focuses attention on the consequences (both good and bad) of paid work in adolescence. It then presents recent nationally representative data from the Monitoring the Future Study suggesting that limited hours of paid work do not crowd out developmentally appropriate after-school activities. A review of the literature also supports the idea that employment for limited hours in good jobs can promote career readiness and positive development. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of youth work for practitioners and policymakers who are delivering career-related programming. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.

When Children Are Concerned.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Children & Animals, 1987

1987-01-01

Presents a set of teaching activities which deal with the pet overpopulation problem while improving students' persuasive writing skills. Includes activities that focus on how people can solve problems by working together. The activities range from songs to a computer simulation. (TW)

Spectrum of Sanity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sartorius, Tara Cady

2002-01-01

Presents information on the life and career of Walter Inglis Anderson. Focuses on his bouts of mental illness which influence his works of art. Provides an explanation of his artwork, "Chickens." Includes lessons in social studies, visual arts, psychology, and language arts. (CMK)

April 2013 MOVES Model Review Work Group Meeting Materials

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

Presentations from the meeting on April 30th of 2013 include a focus on the next version of MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES), evaluating proposed data sources and analysis methods, and commenting on or suggesting features or enhancements.

Halloween Is Coming: Ghostly Themes in the English Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Diana; Broderick, Vincent J.

1997-01-01

Describes how an English teacher uses ghost stories in his classroom to further students' interest in and understanding of epics. Presents a short unit in which all the class work focuses on scary kinds of things. (SR)

Good work - how is it recognised by the nurse?

PubMed

Christiansen, Bjørg

2008-06-01

The aim of this paper is to shed light on how nurses describe situations that reflect achievement and provide confirmation that they have done good work. Nurses' recognition of good work does not seem to have been the object of direct investigation, but is indirectly reflected in studies focusing on nurses' perceptions on work environments and the multifaceted nature of nursing. However, acknowledging high-quality performance in professional nurses can facilitate nurses in maintaining and strengthening the goals and values of the profession. This in turn can help nurses shoulder the multifaceted responsibilities they have to patients and next of kin. This paper is part of the Professional Learning in a Changing Society project, Institute of Educational Research, University of Oslo, funded by the Research Council of Norway. The project involves four professional groups. This paper, however, focuses on a group of 10 nurses, nine of whom work in hospitals and one in an outpatient clinic. A qualitative approach was chosen to gain insight into how nurses, as well as the other professional groups in the project, engage in processes of knowledge production and quality assurance work. Data presented in this paper derive from semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted during spring 2005 and focuses on the recognition of good work. The following themes were identified as essential in confirming that one did good work: securing fundamental needs of patients and next of kin; managing the flow of responsibilities; positive feedback. CONCLUSIONS. Good work seems to be related to specific situations and a sense of achievement by the respondents. Recognition of good work is not only rewarding and enjoyable; it may also serve as a source of consciousness raising for professional and ethical guidelines in the work place.

Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model for ADHD: a short overview.

PubMed

Meneses, Alfredo; Perez-Garcia, Georgina; Ponce-Lopez, Teresa; Tellez, Ruth; Gallegos-Cari, Andrea; Castillo, Carlos

2011-01-01

Diverse studies indicate that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with alterations in encoding processes, including working or short-term memory. Some ADHD dysfunctional domains are reflected in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Because ADHD, drugs and animal models are eliciting a growing interest, hence the aim of this work is to present a brief overview with a focus on the SHR as an animal model for ADHD and memory deficits. Thus, this paper reviews the concept of SHR as a model system for ADHD, comparing SHR, Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley rats with a focus on the hypertension level and working, short-term memory and attention in different behavioral tasks, such as open field, five choice serial reaction time, water maze, passive avoidance, and autoshaping. In addition, drug treatments (d-amphetamine and methylphenidate) are evaluated.

Focus on Customer Service. Service Management: How to Plan for it Rather Than Hope for It [and] Learning to Say "Yes": A Customer Service Program for Library Staff [and] Maintaining Momentum in a Quality Improvement Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brewer, Julie; And Others

1995-01-01

Presents three articles that discuss customer service in libraries, with a focus on planning for service management, a customer service program for library staff, and a quality improvement process. Highlights include developing and implementing service strategies, dealing with requests, redefining work relationships, coworkers as customers,…

The Major Mobilization of the Unconscious and the Total Removal of Resistance in Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy Part II: Treating the Transference Neurosis.

PubMed

Hickey, Catherine

2015-01-01

Davanloo's Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy has been the subject of various reviews. The first article in this series focused on a review of Davanloo's early work as well as a discussion of some of his most recent research findings. A case from the Montreal closed circuit training program was reviewed. This second article will focus on Davanloo's views on the transference neurosis and how its development should be avoided at all costs. There will be further exploration of the case presented in Part I from the Montreal closed circuit training program. There will also be a special focus on detecting the transference neurosis when present and the technical interventions needed to lay the foundations for removing it.

Sea level rise from the Greenland Ice Sheet during the Eemian interglacial: Review of previous work with focus on the surface mass balance

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plach, Andreas; Hestnes Nisancioglu, Kerim

2016-04-01

The contribution from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) to the global sea level rise during the Eemian interglacial (about 125,000 year ago) was the focus of many studies in the past. A main reason for the interest in this period is the considerable warmer climate during the Eemian which is often seen as an equivalent for possible future climate conditions. Simulated sea level rise during the Eemian can therefore be used to better understand a possible future sea level rise. The most recent assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC AR5) gives an overview of several studies and discusses the possible implications for a future sea level rise. The report also reveals the big differences between these studies in terms of simulated GIS extent and corresponding sea level rise. The present study gives a more exhaustive review of previous work discussing sea level rise from the GIS during the Eemian interglacial. The smallest extents of the GIS simulated by various authors are shown and summarized. A focus is thereby given to the methods used to calculate the surface mass balance. A hypothesis of the present work is that the varying results of the previous studies can largely be explained due to the various methods used to calculate the surface mass balance. In addition, as a first step for future work, the surface mass balance of the GIS for a proxy-data derived forcing ("index method") and a direct forcing with a General Circulation Model (GCM) are shown and discussed.

Turbulent structures in cylindrical density currents in a rotating frame of reference

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salinas, Jorge S.; Cantero, Mariano I.; Dari, Enzo A.; Bonometti, Thomas

2018-06-01

Gravity currents are flows generated by the action of gravity on fluids with different densities. In some geophysical applications, modeling such flows makes it necessary to account for rotating effects, modifying the dynamics of the flow. While previous works on rotating stratified flows focused on currents of large Coriolis number, the present work focuses on flows with small Coriolis numbers (i.e. moderate-to-large Rossby numbers). In this work, cylindrical rotating gravity currents are investigated by means of highly resolved simulations. A brief analysis of the mean flow evolution to the final state is presented to provide a complete picture of the flow dynamics. The numerical results, showing the well-known oscillatory behavior of the flow (inertial waves) and a final state lens shape (geostrophic adjustment), are in good agreement with experimental observations and theoretical models. The turbulent structures in the flow are visualized and described using, among others, a stereoscopic visualization and videos as supplementary material. In particular, the structure of the lobes and clefts at the front of the current is presented in association to local turbulent structures. In rotating gravity currents, the vortices observed at the lobes front are not of hairpin type but are rather of Kelvin-Helmholtz type.

Solid lubricants

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Sliney, Harold E.

1991-01-01

The state of knowledge of solid lubricants is reviewed. The results of research on solid lubricants from the 1940's to the present are presented from a historical perspective. Emphasis is placed largely, but not exclusively, on work performed at NASA Lewis Research Center with a natural focus on aerospace applications. However, because of the generic nature of the research, the information presented in this review is applicable to most areas where solid lubricant technology is useful.

Flying Focus: Spatiotemporal Control of the Laser Beam Intensity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Froula, D. H.; Turnbull, D.; Kessler, T. J.; Haberberger, D.; Bahk, S.-W.; Begishev, I. A.; Boni, R.; Bucht, S.; Davies, A.; Katz, J.; Sefkow, A. B.; Shaw, J. L.

2017-10-01

A ``flying focus'' is presented: this advanced focusing scheme provides unprecedented spatiotemporal control over the laser focal volume. A chromatic focusing system combined with chirped laser pulses enabled the speed of a small-diameter laser focus to propagate over nearly 100 × its Rayleigh length. Furthermore, the flying focus decouples the speed at which the peak intensity propagates from the group velocity of the laser pulse, allowing the laser focus to co- or counter-propagate along its axis at any velocity. Experiments have demonstrated a nearly constant intensity over 4.5 mm while the velocity of the focus ranged from subluminal (0.01 c) to superluminal (15 c) . These properties could provide the opportunity to overcome current fundamental limitations in laser-plasma amplifiers, laser-wakefield accelerators, photon accelerators, ion accelerators, and high-order frequency conversion. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Award Number DE-NA0001944.

Atmospheric Infrasound during a Large Wildfire

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vance, Alexis; Elbing, Brian

2017-11-01

Numerous natural and manmade sources generate infrasound, including tornado producing storms, human heart, hurricanes, and volcanoes. Infrasound is currently being studied as part of Collaboration Leading Operational UAS Development for Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics (CLOUD MAP), which is a multi-university collaboration focused on development and implementation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and integration with sensors for atmospheric measurements. To support this effort a fixed infrasonic microphone located in Stillwater, Oklahoma has been monitoring atmospheric emissions since September of 2016. While severe storm systems is the primary focus of this work, the system also captures a wide range of infrasonic sources from distances in excess of 300 miles due to an acoustic ceiling and weak atmospheric absorption. The current presentation will focus on atmospheric infrasound observations during a large wildfire on the Kansas-Oklahoma border that occurred between March 6-22, 2017. This work was supported by NSF Grant 1539070.

ECUT (Energy Conversion and Utilization Technologies Program). Biocatalysis Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1986-01-01

Presented are the FY 1985 accomplishments, activities, and planned research efforts of the Biocatalysis Project of the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Conversion and Utilization Technologies (ECUT) Program. The Project's technical activities were organized as follows: In the Molecular Modeling and Applied Genetics work element, research focused on (1) modeling and simulation studies to establish the physiological basis of high temperature tolerance in a selected enzyme and the catalytic mechanisms of three species of another enzyme, and (2) determining the degree of plasmid amplification and stability of several DNA bacterial strains. In the Bioprocess Engineering work element, research focused on (1) studies of plasmid propagation and the generation of models, (2) developing methods for preparing immobilized biocatalyst beads, and (3) developing an enzyme encapsulation method. In the Process Design and Analysis work element, research focused on (1) further refinement of a test case simulation of the economics and energy efficiency of alternative biocatalyzed production processes, (2) developing a candidate bioprocess to determine the potential for reduced energy consumption and facility/operating costs, and (3) a techno-economic assessment of potential advancements in microbial ammonia production.

Opportunities in Government for Students of Green Chemistry

EPA Science Inventory

The presentation focuses on opportunities for students in green chemistry to apply their skills and knowledge in a government setting. Several examples of on-going work as well as opportunities for employment in local, state and federal positions will be discussed.

Safety Effects of the Conversion of Rural Two-Lane Roadways to Four-Lane Roadways

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

2012-08-01

This report presents the analyses and conclusions from work focused on analyzing multiple options for organizational and operational models for certificate management entities (CMEs) within the connected vehicle system. The report discusses all funct...

Geological and Inorganic Materials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jackson, L. L.; And Others

1989-01-01

Presents a review focusing on techniques and their application to the analysis of geological and inorganic materials that offer significant changes to research and routine work. Covers geostandards, spectroscopy, plasmas, microbeam techniques, synchrotron X-ray methods, nuclear activation methods, chromatography, and electroanalytical methods.…

Work-focused treatment of common mental disorders and return to work: a comparative outcome study.

PubMed

Lagerveld, Suzanne E; Blonk, Roland W B; Brenninkmeijer, Veerle; Wijngaards-de Meij, Leoniek; Schaufeli, Wilmar B

2012-04-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two individual-level psychotherapy interventions: (a) treatment as usual consisting of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and (b) work-focused CBT (W-CBT) that integrated work aspects early into the treatment. Both interventions were carried out by psychotherapists with employees on sick leave because of common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, or adjustment disorder). In a quasi-experimental design, 12-month follow-up data of 168 employees were collected. The CBT group consisted of 79 clients, the W-CBT group of 89. Outcome measures were duration until return to work (RTW), mental health problems, and costs to the employer. We found significant effects on duration until RTW in favor of the W-CBT group: full RTW occurred 65 days earlier. Partial RTW occurred 12 days earlier. A significant decrease in mental health problems was equally present in both conditions. The average financial advantage for the employer of an employee in the W-CBT group was estimated at $5,275 U.S. dollars compared with the CBT group. These results show that through focusing more and earlier on work-related aspects and RTW, functional recovery in work can be substantially speeded up within a regular psychotherapeutic setting. This result was achieved without negative side effects on psychological complaints over the course of 1 year. Integrating work-related aspects into CBT is, therefore, a fruitful approach with benefits for employees and employers alike. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved.

Women in the Work Force: Supreme Court Issues. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities of the Committee on Education and Labor. House of Representatives, Ninety-Ninth Congress, Second Session.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1986

This U.S. Congressional hearing, chaired by Representative Matthew G. Martinez (California), focuses on women in the work force. Issues, such as equal participation, pay, and advancement, along with sex discrimination and sexual harassment, are addressed. Testimony and written statements were presented by representatives from District of Columbia…

The Power of Positioning: On the Normalisation of Gender, Race/Ethnicity, Nation and Class Positions in a Swedish Social Work Textbook

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fahlgren, Siv; Sawyer, Lena

2011-01-01

This article presents a feminist reading of a Swedish social work academic textbook as a case study. We use a discourse analytic approach and positioning theory, focusing on author positions through different story lines. The aim is to make visible how differences are created and positions of the author/reader normalised in terms of gender,…

School-to-Work Transition: Proceedings of the Conference of the University/Urban Schools National Task Force (7th, Washington, D.C., November 1-2, 1985).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bossone, Richard M., Ed.; Polishook, Irwin H., Ed.

The eleven papers presented at a 1985 conference on school-to-work transition are collected in this volume. The papers focus on school-business partnerships, school programs, and community projects. Their titles (and authors) are: (1) "Investing in Our Children: Business and the Public Schools" (Sol Hurwitz); (2) "From School to…

Interactive Classification of Construction Materials: Feedback Driven Framework for Annotation and Analysis of 3d Point Clouds

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hess, M. R.; Petrovic, V.; Kuester, F.

2017-08-01

Digital documentation of cultural heritage structures is increasingly more common through the application of different imaging techniques. Many works have focused on the application of laser scanning and photogrammetry techniques for the acquisition of threedimensional (3D) geometry detailing cultural heritage sites and structures. With an abundance of these 3D data assets, there must be a digital environment where these data can be visualized and analyzed. Presented here is a feedback driven visualization framework that seamlessly enables interactive exploration and manipulation of massive point cloud data. The focus of this work is on the classification of different building materials with the goal of building more accurate as-built information models of historical structures. User defined functions have been tested within the interactive point cloud visualization framework to evaluate automated and semi-automated classification of 3D point data. These functions include decisions based on observed color, laser intensity, normal vector or local surface geometry. Multiple case studies are presented here to demonstrate the flexibility and utility of the presented point cloud visualization framework to achieve classification objectives.

Personal profile: interview with Bill Andrews, Ph.D.

PubMed

Andrews, Bill

2011-08-01

Dr. William H. Andrews has worked in the biotech industry for 31 years, focusing the last 19 years on finding ways to extend human life span through the intervention of telomere shortening in human cells. Dr. Andrews earned his Ph.D. in Molecular and Population Genetics at the University of Georgia. He was a Senior Scientist at Armos Corporation and Codon Corporation, Director of Molecular Biology at Codon and at Geron Corporation, and Director of Technology Development at EOS Biosciences. He is presently the founder, President, and CEO of Sierra Sciences, a biotechnology company focused exclusively on finding drugs that will transiently induce the expression of endogenous telomerase in human cells. Sierra Sciences has already identified more than 30 such drugs and is presently characterizing their mechanism of action. While Director of Molecular Biology at Geron Corporation, Dr. Andrews was one of the principal discoverers of both the RNA and protein components of human telomerase and was awarded second place as "National Inventor of the Year" in 1997 for this work. He is presently a named inventor on 43 U.S- issued telomerase patents.

Helping Teachers to Help Children Living with a Mentally Ill Parent: Teachers' Perceptions on Identification and Policy Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bibou-Nakou, I.

2004-01-01

The material presented here is based on a pilot European project (Daphne Project, 2000/EU funding, collaboration of Greece and England) regarding parental mental illness and children's welfare and needs (1).The presentation focuses upon the responses of a group of teachers working in primary education in relation to identification issues and…

The Widening Gap: A New Book on the Struggle To Balance Work and Caregiving. Research-in-Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rahmanou, Hedieh

This research brief presents some main findings from a study of employer-based support systems in the United States to help families meet their caregiving responsibilities, and focuses on the failure of existing policies to support caregiving responsibilities of low-income parents and women. The brief also presents policy alternatives to help…

What's the Diagnosis? An Inquiry-Based Activity Focusing on Mole-Mass Conversions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruck, Laura B.; Towns, Marcy H.

2011-01-01

An inquiry-based mole-to-mass activity is presented associated with the analysis of blood. Students working in groups choose between two medical cases to determine if the "patient" has higher or lower concentrations of minerals than normal. The data are presented such that students must convert moles to mass in order to compare the patient values…

Overcoming Geographical Obstacles: The Use of Skype in a Graduate-Level Social Media and Marketing Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faulds, David J.

2015-01-01

This paper presents the results of a three-year research and teaching effort that focused on measuring the perceived effectiveness of Skype as a delivery platform for presentations made to students enrolled in a Professional MBA program by nationally acclaimed authors working in the area of social media. The research also investigated the authors'…

Attention allocation: Relationships to general working memory or specific language processing.

PubMed

Archibald, Lisa M D; Levee, Tyler; Olino, Thomas

2015-11-01

Attention allocation, updating working memory, and language processing are interdependent cognitive tasks related to the focused direction of limited resources, refreshing and substituting information in the current focus of attention, and receiving/sending verbal communication, respectively. The current study systematically examined the relationship among executive attention, working memory executive skills, and language abilities while adjusting for individual differences in short-term memory. School-age children completed a selective attention task requiring them to recall whether a presented shape was in the same place as a previous target shape shown in an array imposing a low or high working memory load. Results revealed a selective attention cost when working above but not within memory span capacity. Measures of general working memory were positively related to overall task performance, whereas language abilities were related to response time. In particular, higher language skills were associated with faster responses under low load conditions. These findings suggest that attentional control and storage demands have an additive impact on working memory resources but provide only limited evidence for a domain-general mechanism in language learning. Crown Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Effects of working memory load on visual selective attention: behavioral and electrophysiological evidence.

PubMed

Pratt, Nikki; Willoughby, Adrian; Swick, Diane

2011-01-01

Working memory and attention interact in a way that enables us to focus on relevant items and maintain current goals. The influence of working memory on attention has been noted in several studies using dual task designs. Multitasking increases the demands on working memory and reduces the amount of resources available for cognitive control functions such as resolving stimulus conflict. However, few studies have investigated the temporal activation of the cortex while multitasking. The present study addresses the extent to which working memory load influences early (P1) and late (P300) attention-sensitive event-related potential components using a dual task paradigm. Participants performed an arrow flanker task alone (single task condition) or concurrently with a Sternberg memory task (dual task condition). In the flanker task, participants responded to the direction of a central arrow surrounded by congruent or incongruent arrows. In the dual task condition, participants were presented with a Sternberg task that consisted of either four or seven consonants to remember prior to a short block of flanker trials. Participants were slower and less accurate on incongruent versus congruent trials. Furthermore, accuracy on incongruent trials was reduced in both dual task conditions. Likewise, P300 amplitude to incongruent flanker stimuli decreased when working memory load increased. These findings suggest that interference from incongruent flankers was more difficult to suppress when working memory was taxed. In addition, P1 amplitude was diminished on all flanker trials in the dual task condition. This result indicates that top-down attentional control over early visual processing is diminished by increasing demands on working memory. Both the behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that working memory is critical in maintaining attentional focus and resolving conflict.

Effects of Working Memory Load on Visual Selective Attention: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence

PubMed Central

Pratt, Nikki; Willoughby, Adrian; Swick, Diane

2011-01-01

Working memory and attention interact in a way that enables us to focus on relevant items and maintain current goals. The influence of working memory on attention has been noted in several studies using dual task designs. Multitasking increases the demands on working memory and reduces the amount of resources available for cognitive control functions such as resolving stimulus conflict. However, few studies have investigated the temporal activation of the cortex while multitasking. The present study addresses the extent to which working memory load influences early (P1) and late (P300) attention-sensitive event-related potential components using a dual task paradigm. Participants performed an arrow flanker task alone (single task condition) or concurrently with a Sternberg memory task (dual task condition). In the flanker task, participants responded to the direction of a central arrow surrounded by congruent or incongruent arrows. In the dual task condition, participants were presented with a Sternberg task that consisted of either four or seven consonants to remember prior to a short block of flanker trials. Participants were slower and less accurate on incongruent versus congruent trials. Furthermore, accuracy on incongruent trials was reduced in both dual task conditions. Likewise, P300 amplitude to incongruent flanker stimuli decreased when working memory load increased. These findings suggest that interference from incongruent flankers was more difficult to suppress when working memory was taxed. In addition, P1 amplitude was diminished on all flanker trials in the dual task condition. This result indicates that top-down attentional control over early visual processing is diminished by increasing demands on working memory. Both the behavioral and electrophysiological results suggest that working memory is critical in maintaining attentional focus and resolving conflict. PMID:21716633

Women, work and health: issues and implications for worksite health promotion.

PubMed

Collins, B S; Hollander, R B; Koffman, D M; Reeve, R; Seidler, S

1997-01-01

This paper identifies issues related to worksite health promotion programs for women by examining ways that work factors, health behaviors, family roles and responsibilities, and women's health are linked. Work conditions may affect women uniquely, as in the case of chemical exposure affecting reproductive health; disproportionately, such as the interaction between work and family roles; or differently from men, as in women's experience of stress in the workplace. The focus is on the differences and uniqueness of working women's health. Drawing on a public health perspective, implications for consideration by worksite health promotion programs specialist, human resource managers, and researchers are presented.

Set-specific capture can be reduced by preemptively occupying a limited-capacity focus of attention.

PubMed

Moore, Katherine Sledge; Weissman, Daniel H

2011-01-01

Recent work has shown that contingent attentional capture effects can be especially large when multiple attentional sets for color guide visual search (Moore & Weissman, 2010). In particular, this research suggests that detecting a target-colored (e.g., orange) distractor leads the corresponding attentional set (e.g., identify orange letters) to enter a limited-capacity focus of attention in working memory, where it remains briefly while the distractor is being attended. Consequently, the ability to identify a differently-colored (e.g., green) target 100-300 ms later is impaired because the appropriate set (e.g., identify green letters) cannot also enter the focus of attention. In two experiments, we investigated whether such set-specific capture can be reduced by preemptively occupying the focus of attention. As predicted, a target-colored central distractor presented 233 ms before a target-colored peripheral distractor eliminated set-specific capture arising from the peripheral distractor. Moreover, this effect was observed only when the central distractor's color (e.g., orange) (a) matched a different set than the upcoming peripheral distractor's color (e.g., green) and (b) matched the same set as the upcoming central target's color (e.g., orange). We conclude that the same working memory limitations that give rise to set-specific capture can be preemptively exploited to reduce it.

Study of heating capacity of focused IR light soldering systems.

PubMed

Anguiano, C; Félix, M; Medel, A; Bravo, M; Salazar, D; Márquez, H

2013-10-07

An experimental study about four optical setups used for developing a Focused IR Light Soldering System (FILSS) for Surface Mount Technology (SMT) lead-free electronic devices specifically for Ball Grid Arrays (BGA) is presented. An analysis of irradiance and infrared thermography at BGA surface is presented, as well as heat transfer by radiation and conduction process from the surface of the BGA to the solder balls. The results of this work show that the heating provided by our proposed optical setups, measured at the BGA under soldering process, meets the high temperature and uniform thermal distribution requirements, which are defined by the reflow solder method for SMT devices.

Social work and gender: An argument for practical accounts

PubMed Central

2015-01-01

This article contributes to the debate on gender and social work by examining dominant approaches within the field. Anti-discriminatory, woman-centered and intersectional accounts are critiqued for reliance upon both reification and isolation of gender. Via examination of poststructural, queer and trans theories within social work, the author then presents accounts based upon structural/materialist, ethnomethodological and discursive theories, in order to open up debates about conceptualization of gender. These are used to suggest that social work should adopt a focus on gender as a practical accomplishment that occurs within various settings or contexts. PMID:26273228

Electromagnetic fields of an ultra-short tightly-focused radially-polarized laser pulse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salamin, Yousef I.; Li, Jian-Xing

2017-12-01

Fully analytic expressions, for the electric and magnetic fields of an ultrashort and tightly focused laser pulse of the radially polarized category, are presented to lowest order of approximation. The fields are derived from scalar and vector potentials, along the lines of our earlier work for a similar pulse of the linearly polarized variety. A systematic program is also described from which the fields may be obtained to any desired accuracy, analytically or numerically.

Space Station Human Factors Research Review. Volume 1: EVA Research and Development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Cohen, Marc M. (Editor); Vykukal, H. C. (Editor)

1988-01-01

An overview is presented of extravehicular activity (EVA) research and development activities at Ames. The majority of the program was devoted to presentations by the three contractors working in parallel on the EVA System Phase A Study, focusing on Implications for Man-Systems Design. Overhead visuals are included for a mission results summary, space station EVA requirements and interface accommodations summary, human productivity study cross-task coordination, and advanced EVAS Phase A study implications for man-systems design. Articles are also included on subsea approach to work systems development and advanced EVA system design requirements.

Deaf individuals who work with computers present a high level of visual attention.

PubMed

Ribeiro, Paula Vieira; Ribas, Valdenilson Ribeiro; Ribas, Renata de Melo Guerra; de Melo, Teresinha de Jesus Oliveira Guimarães; Marinho, Carlos Antonio de Sá; Silva, Kátia Karina do Monte; de Albuquerque, Elizabete Elias; Ribas, Valéria Ribeiro; de Lima, Renata Mirelly Silva; Santos, Tuthcha Sandrelle Botelho Tavares

2011-01-01

Some studies in the literature indicate that deaf individuals seem to develop a higher level of attention and concentration during the process of constructing of different ways of communicating. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of attention in individuals deaf from birth that worked with computers. A total of 161 individuals in the 18-25 age group were assessed. Of these, 40 were congenitally deaf individuals that worked with computers, 42 were deaf individuals that did not work, did not know how to use nor used computers (Control 1), 39 individuals with normal hearing that did not work, did not know how to use computers nor used them (Control 2), and 40 individuals with normal hearing that worked with computers (Control 3). The group of subjects deaf from birth that worked with computers (IDWC) presented a higher level of focused attention, sustained attention, mental manipulation capacity and resistance to interference compared to the control groups. This study highlights the relevance sensory to cognitive processing.

Stress, health and satisfaction of Australian and German doctors--a comparative study.

PubMed

Mache, Stefanie; Vitzthum, Karin; Klapp, Burghard F; Groneberg, David A

2012-01-01

Currently no study exists focusing on international differences in perception of stress, working conditions and satisfaction of hospital staff. Therefore the present study aimed to examine and compare the work and privacy situation of Australian and German physicians. The present study was designed as a cross-sectional comparison using questionnaire data. The population consisted of representative samples of 310 German and 256 Australian hospital doctors who received mailed questionnaires. The questionnaires contained items on demography, perception of stress, working conditions, job satisfaction and Life satisfaction. According to the comparison, German physicians perceived higher values of work stress. They work significantly longer hours than Australian doctors. In general, work intensity and demands are highly rated in both countries. In terms of job and life satisfaction, Australian doctors responded more positively than German doctors. This is the first comparative study illustrating a subjective evaluation of physicians' perception of stress, their work and privacy situation in two different countries. Based on these results health policy decisions can be developed.

A Neo-Cognitive Dimension.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Suarez, E. M.

1988-01-01

Responds to Mahoney and Lyddon's review of constructivism in previous article by focusing on developments emerged from work with Neo-Cognitive Psychotherapy that add new and necessary dimension to issues of agency and constructivism. Presents neo-cognitive view of thought and discusses the evolution of understanding. (NB)

Good Work, If You Can Get It.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Karla; Silverberg, Kenneth

2002-01-01

Highlights how research on volunteerism can assist parks and recreation organizations with recruiting and promoting volunteerism in their organizations, focusing on: reasons for volunteering, volunteers and social capital, and effective volunteer management. Two sidebars present Web resources for information on volunteerism and research-based…

Geometry for Pie Lovers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fisher, William

1982-01-01

An approach to the instruction of maxima and minima problems that works with tools of geometry and algebra is presented. The focus is on a classic pie-cutting problem, which is viewed as an interesting and instructive task that is an excellent application of transformation geometry. (MP)

[Charcot, working and 'Male Hysteria': A new approach to the Leçons du mardi (Tuesday Lessons) from the standpoint of psychodynamics of work].

PubMed

Molinier, Pascale

2015-01-01

This paper examines the role of work in Charcot's clinical teaching focusing on cases of male hysteria in The Tuesday's Lessons from 1887 to 1889. Today, we read the work of Charcot in a retrospective way as having ended in a failure: He would have missed the discovery of the sexual unconscious. From the perspective of psychodynamics of work, it appears an alternative way which was present in Charcot, though unfinished, opening on a possible development of a relationship between psychic and body. The role of work in traumatic hysteria has been forgotten by Freud's posterity and this obliteration continues today.

[Occupational medicine and communication: which role for print media?].

PubMed

Cecaro, M; Bernardini, M; Isolani, L; Passamonti, C

2010-01-01

The diffusion of recent regulations on work safety has captured mass-media's interest on work accidents. The present work aims to highlight the role of print media in building a social representation of work safety, by performing a qualitative analysis of articles published between 2009 and 2010 in three of the main national newspapers. Results showed that print media are accurate in reporting news, but they do not serve as source of education in work safety's issues. Information is mainly focused around catastrophic events, with headlines inducing negative emotions. Very few articles contain a critical discussion of methods and operational proposals tested around the Country. A possible transformation of media's role in promoting work safety is discussed.

Recent developments for Astronomy at SAGEM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geyl, Roland

2003-02-01

SAGEM, through its REOSC product line, is offering a high skill of optics design fabrication and assembly to the astronomical community. Beside large projects like ESO VLT, SOFIA or the Spain GTC, SAGEM is continuously active with smaller projects. In this paper, we will present our recent work in the field of thin films with mirror broadband and durable coating and large area filters for multimegapixel camera. Latest results of Sofia primary mirror integration will be presented. Work on large prime focus correctors like the one of CFHT MegaPrime and the SALT Spherical Aberration Corrector. For space astronomy it is our new activity of mold smoothing for large telecom antenna or submillimeter reflectors that will be presented.

Characteristics of zero-absenteeism in hospital care.

PubMed

Schreuder, J A H; Roelen, C A M; van der Klink, J J L; Groothoff, J W

2013-06-01

Literature on sickness presenteeism is emerging, but still little is known about employees who are never absent from work due to injuries or illness. Insight into the determinants and characteristics of such zero-absentees may provide clues for preventing sickness absence. To investigate the characteristics of zero-absentees, defined as employees without sickness absence over a period of 5 years. A mixed-method qualitative study comprising semi-structured interviews and focus groups for which Azjen and Fishbein's theory of planned behaviour was used as a framework. Zero-absentees working in hospital care were invited for semi-structured interviews until saturation was reached. The results of semi-structured interviews were validated in two focus groups. Of 1053 hospital employees, 47 were zero-absentees of whom 31 (66%) agreed to participate in the study. After 16 semi-structured interviews, no new insights or information were gathered from the interviews. The remaining 15 employees were invited to two (n = 8 and n = 7) focus groups. Personal attitudes and self-efficacy were more important in zero-absenteeism than social pressures of managers, colleagues or patients. Zero-absentees were found to be intrinsically motivated to try attending work when ill. In the present study population of hospital employees, we found indications that zero-absenteeism and sickness presenteeism might be different types of work attendance. Managers should realize that zero-absentees are driven by intrinsic motivation rather than social pressures to attend work.

Arkansas People Participating in Lead Education (APPLE): results of a lead-safe training program.

PubMed

Ferguson, Alesia; Bursac, Zoran; Kern, David F

2011-06-01

Lead is still seen as one of the most harmful environmental toxins for young children, with the predominant source being deteriorating lead-based paint. Those at continued risk include those living in homes built before 1978, renovators and remodelers, and especially those with limited access to proper healthcare and diets. Proper training on lead-safe work practices focused on preventing and reducing the spread of lead dust can help reduce lead exposure. Presented in this paper are experiences in delivering lead-safe work practices training in six Arkansas cities, and results from pre- and post- surveys delivered before and immediately after the training. Pre- and post-surveys assess strong and weak areas of training. Participants demonstrated positive shifts in attitude and behavior towards lead-safe work practices following training. However, our research found that more emphasis should be focused on clarifying current lead exposure sources and routes for children.

New methods for accelerating the convergence of molecular electronic integrals over exponential type orbitals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Safouhi, Hassan; Hoggan, Philip

2003-01-01

This review on molecular integrals for large electronic systems (MILES) places the problem of analytical integration over exponential-type orbitals (ETOs) in a historical context. After reference to the pioneering work, particularly by Barnett, Shavitt and Yoshimine, it focuses on recent progress towards rapid and accurate analytic solutions of MILES over ETOs. Software such as the hydrogenlike wavefunction package Alchemy by Yoshimine and collaborators is described. The review focuses on convergence acceleration of these highly oscillatory integrals and in particular it highlights suitable nonlinear transformations. Work by Levin and Sidi is described and applied to MILES. A step by step description of progress in the use of nonlinear transformation methods to obtain efficient codes is provided. The recent approach developed by Safouhi is also presented. The current state of the art in this field is summarized to show that ab initio analytical work over ETOs is now a viable option.

Spatiotemporal Thinking in the Geosciences

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shipley, T. F.; Manduca, C. A.; Ormand, C. J.; Tikoff, B.

2011-12-01

Reasoning about spatial relations is a critical skill for geoscientists. Within the geosciences different disciplines may reason about different sorts of relationships. These relationships may span vastly different spatial and temporal scales (from the spatial alignment in atoms in crystals to the changes in the shape of plates). As part of work in a research center on spatial thinking in STEM education, we have been working to classify the spatial skills required in geology, develop tests for each spatial skill, and develop the cognitive science tools to promote the critical spatial reasoning skills. Research in psychology, neurology and linguistics supports a broad classification of spatial skills along two dimensions: one versus many objects (which roughly translates to object- focused and navigation focused skills) and static versus dynamic spatial relations. The talk will focus on the interaction of space and time in spatial cognition in the geosciences. We are working to develop measures of skill in visualizing spatiotemporal changes. A new test developed to measure visualization of brittle deformations will be presented. This is a skill that has not been clearly recognized in the cognitive science research domain and thus illustrates the value of interdisciplinary work that combines geosciences with cognitive sciences. Teaching spatiotemporal concepts can be challenging. Recent theoretical work suggests analogical reasoning can be a powerful tool to aid student learning to reason about temporal relations using spatial skills. Recent work in our lab has found that progressive alignment of spatial and temporal scales promotes accurate reasoning about temporal relations at geological time scales.

Note: Repetitive operation of the capacitor bank of the low-voltage miniature plasma focus at 50 Hz.

PubMed

Shukla, Rohit; Shyam, Anurag

2013-10-01

We have already reported the low-voltage operation of a plasma focus describing the operation of plasma focus at 4.2 kV which proposes possibility of making a repetitive system using compact driving source. Another recent article describes that the same capacitor-bank can drive the plasma focus for a measured ~5 × 10(4) neutrons per shot at 5 kV and 59 kA current. In the present work, repetitive operation of the capacitor-bank of plasma focus is done and that too is being reported at a very high repetition rate of 50 Hz using very simple scheme of charging and triggering the bank. The bank is continuously discharged to burst duration of 20 s in this configuration admeasuring a thousand shots.

Positron scattering from molecular hydrogen

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Machacek, J. R.; Anderson, E. K.; Makochekanwa, C.; Buckman, S. J.; Sullivan, J. P.

2013-10-01

We present results for total and partial cross sections for positron scattering from H2. The total scattering and positronium formation cross sections are reported between 0.5 and 200 eV. Total quasielastic and inelastic scattering cross sections are reported for energies between the positronium formation threshold and 50 eV, with quasielastic differential scattering cross sections reported at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 eV. Our results are compared with previous work, both experimental and theoretical, with particular attention paid to the region below the positronium formation threshold, where there are apparent discrepancies in previous work. A discussion of possible reasons for discrepancies between this and previous work is presented, including a focus on known systematic effects in the experimental results.

Critical Thinking through Writing: Expressing Scientific Thought and Process in a Deaf Classroom

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manjarrez, Leslie

Within Deaf classrooms there is often a disconnect between academic areas and writing curriculums that develop in both common and academic language, where often classrooms focus solely on writing as a skill rather than as a method for producing language through an academic area. This work focuses on the development of academic language in ASL and English print of science. The curriculum is written to be implemented as a bilingual academic curriculum to support Deaf and Hard of Hearing students in various self contained classroom settings. Lessons are conducted in three Units, A B and C. Unit A focuses on research, thought and writing of preparatory materials in small groups. Unit B is comprised of procedural lessons on conducting x experiments and the evaluation of those experiments through mathematics. Unit C is a group of lessons that ties together Units A and B through writing and peer teaching as a method of concluding the work and presenting information in an effective manner. The success of the project was evaluated on the basis of student work, rubrics, and final works from the students. The results showed promise in aspects of Critical Thinking, writing development, and expression of new concepts in both ASL and English.

Attachment, mastery, and interdependence: a model of parenting processes.

PubMed

Edwards, Martha E

2002-01-01

A democratic nation needs an interdependent citizenry who are not only competent but who also can live together cooperatively with an eye toward what will benefit the whole as well as the self. In this article, the concept of interdependence is adopted as the central goal of parenting. The Parenting Processes Model is then presented, specifying how caregivers help children develop this interdependence. This work draws upon and integrates the work of a number of theoreticians, researchers, and clinicians, with the central focus on the work of John Bowlby, Alfred Adler, and Lev Vygotsky.

Type A behavior and work situation: associations with burnout and work engagement.

PubMed

Hallberg, Ulrika E; Johansson, Gunn; Schaufeli, Wilmar B

2007-04-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate Type A behavior as well as perceived work situation, and associations with burnout and work engagement. The associations in focus were investigated through hierarchical regressions in a sample (N= 329) of Swedish Information Communication Technology consultants. The findings indicated that both work situation and Type A behavior was correlated with work engagement and burnout; however, no interactions between Type A behavior and work situation were elicited. The main conclusion was that the achievement striving aspect of Type A behavior appears as "non-toxic" and is related only to work engagement. However, the irritability/impatience aspect appears to be responsible for burnout complaints among Type A individuals, possibly through negative effects of the mood itself than through perceived stress at work.

Deep tissue optical focusing and optogenetic modulation with time-reversed ultrasonically encoded light

PubMed Central

Ruan, Haowen; Brake, Joshua; Robinson, J. Elliott; Liu, Yan; Jang, Mooseok; Xiao, Cheng; Zhou, Chunyi; Gradinaru, Viviana; Yang, Changhuei

2017-01-01

Noninvasive light focusing deep inside living biological tissue has long been a goal in biomedical optics. However, the optical scattering of biological tissue prevents conventional optical systems from tightly focusing visible light beyond several hundred micrometers. The recently developed wavefront shaping technique time-reversed ultrasonically encoded (TRUE) focusing enables noninvasive light delivery to targeted locations beyond the optical diffusion limit. However, until now, TRUE focusing has only been demonstrated inside nonliving tissue samples. We present the first example of TRUE focusing in 2-mm-thick living brain tissue and demonstrate its application for optogenetic modulation of neural activity in 800-μm-thick acute mouse brain slices at a wavelength of 532 nm. We found that TRUE focusing enabled precise control of neuron firing and increased the spatial resolution of neuronal excitation fourfold when compared to conventional lens focusing. This work is an important step in the application of TRUE focusing for practical biomedical uses. PMID:29226248

HoloNetwork: communicating science through holography

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pombo, Pedro; Santos, Emanuel; Magalhães, Carolina

2017-03-01

Since 1997 a program dedicated to holography has been developed and implemented in Portugal. This program started with focus on schools and science education. The HoloNetwork was created and it has been spread at a National level, involving a group of thirty schools and hundreds of students and teachers. In 2009 this network started to work to achieve a new target, the general public. With this goal, a larger program was developed with focus on science and society and on science communication through holography. For the implementation of this new program, special holography outreach activities were built, dedicated to informal learning and seven Science Centers around Portugal were add into the HoloNetwork. During last years, we have been working on holography, based on two main branches, one dedicated to schools and with the aimed to promote physics teaching and to teach how to make holograms, and another dedicated to society and with the aimed to promote holography and to increase scientific literacy. This paper would analyze the educational program, all holography outreach activities, exhibitions or events, all equipments, materials and setups used and it would present the holographic techniques explored with students or with the public. Finally, the results obtained in this work would be present and explored, with focus on students impact and outcomes, taking into account the public engagement on holography and its effect into scientific culture and analyzing the quality of holograms made by students and by the general public. subject.

Islet cell research brings hope for a diabetes cure: meeting report from the 6(th) annual islet society meeting in Stellenbosch, South Africa.

PubMed

Tchokonte-Nana, V; Cockburn, I L; Manda, J K; Kotze, P C; Johnson, J D

2014-01-01

The International Diabetes Federation predicts that, over the next twenty years, the largest increase in the prevalence of diabetes will be in the Africa region. Recognizing an unmet need for more focus on Africa and engagement with African scholars, the Islet Society held its 6th annual meeting July 20-21, 2014 in Stellenbosch, South Africa. Here, we present a report that covers the presentations and discussion points from that meeting. Work was presented on a variety of topics and included presentations by a significant proportion of Africa diabetes researchers. Overall, it was an excellent conference, with many new international collaborations initiated. We hope that other groups will also respond to the need for more conferences in Africa and focused on Africa.

Ion source and beam guiding studies for an API neutron generator

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sy, A.; Ji, Q.; Persaud, A.

2013-04-19

Recently developed neutron imaging methods require high neutron yields for fast imaging times and small beam widths for good imaging resolution. For ion sources with low current density to be viable for these types of imaging methods, large extraction apertures and beam focusing must be used. We present recent work on the optimization of a Penning-type ion source for neutron generator applications. Two multi-cusp magnet configurations have been tested and are shown to increase the extracted ion current density over operation without multi-cusp magnetic fields. The use of multi-cusp magnetic confinement and gold electrode surfaces have resulted in increased ionmore » current density, up to 2.2 mA/cm{sup 2}. Passive beam focusing using tapered dielectric capillaries has been explored due to its potential for beam compression without the cost and complexity issues associated with active focusing elements. Initial results from first experiments indicate the possibility of beam compression. Further work is required to evaluate the viability of such focusing methods for associated particle imaging (API) systems.« less

Between Industry and Academia: A Physicist's Experiences at The Aerospace Corporation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Camparo, James

2005-03-01

The Aerospace Corporation is a nonprofit company whose purposes are exclusively scientific: to provide research, development, and advisory services for space programs that serve the national interest, primarily the Air Force's Space and Missile Systems Center and the National Reconnaissance Office. The corporation's laboratory has a staff of about 150 scientists who conduct research in fields ranging from Space Sciences to Material Sciences and from Analytical Chemistry to Atomic Physics. As a consequence, Aerospace stands midway between an industrial research laboratory, focused on product development, and academic/national laboratories focused on basic science. Drawing from Dr. Camparo's personal experiences, the presentation will discuss advantages and disadvantages of a career at Aerospace, including the role of publishing in peer-reviewed journals and the impact of work on family life. Additionally, the presentation will consider the balance between basic physics, applied physics, and engineering in the work at Aerospace. Since joining Aerospace in 1981, Dr. Camparo has worked as an atomic physicist specializing in the area of atomic clocks, and has had the opportunity to experiment and publish on a broad range of research topics including: the stochastic-field/atom interaction, radiation effects on semiconductor materials, and stellar scintillation.

Development and Engineering Design in Support of "Rover Ranch": A K-12 Outreach Software Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pascali, Raresh

2003-01-01

A continuation of the initial development started in the summer of 1999, the body of work performed in support of 'ROVer Ranch' Project during the present fellowship dealt with the concrete concept implementation and resolution of the related issues. The original work performed last summer focused on the initial examination and articulation of the concept treatment strategy, audience and market analysis for the learning technologies software. The presented work focused on finalizing the set of parts to be made available for building an AERCam Sprint type robot and on defining, testing and implementing process necessary to convert the design engineering files to VRML files. Through reverse engineering, an initial set of mission critical systems was designed for beta testing in schools. The files were created in ProEngineer, exported to VRML 1.0 and converted to VRML 97 (VRML 2.0) for final integration in the software. Attributes for each part were assigned using an in-house developed JAVA based program. The final set of attributes for each system, their mutual interaction and the identification of the relevant ones to be tracked, still remain to be decided.

The Occupational Well-Being of School Staff and Maintenance of Their Ability to Work in Finland and Estonia--Focus on the School Community and Professional Competence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Saaranen, Terhi; Sormunen, Marjorita; Pertel, Tiia; Streimann, Karin; Hansen, Siivi; Varava, Liana; Lepp, Kadi; Turunen, Hannele; Tossavainen, Kerttu

2012-01-01

Purpose: This paper aims to present the baseline results of a research and development project targeted to improve the occupational well-being of school staff and maintain their ability to work, in Finland and Estonia. It reveals the most problematic factors in the various aspects of the school community and professional competence and outlines…

Getting WELL: Workforce Education & Lifelong Learning. Designs for Professional Education and Action Research To Improve the Education and Training of Underserved Youth and Adults. Final Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sticht, Thomas G.; And Others

This report focuses on work force education and lifelong learning as a newly emerging strategy for meeting many challenges of education and work in the 21st century. Chapter 1 introduces the concept, reviews the sociopolitical background to the strategy, and presents the rationale for a new type of professional, Workforce Education and Lifelong…

The interaction of state and trait aspects of self-focused attention affects genital, but not subjective, sexual arousal in sexually functional women.

PubMed

van Lankveld, Jacques; Bergh, Simone

2008-04-01

In this study we investigated the effects of state and trait aspects of self-focused attention on genital and subjective sexual arousal of sexually functional, healthy women during presentation of audiovisual erotic stimuli. Psychophysiological sexual response was measured as vaginal pulse amplitude using a vaginal photoplethysmograph. Experiential aspects of sexual arousal were measured both during stimulus presentation and retrospectively after stimulus offset. Trait level of sexual self-focus was measured with the Sexual Self-Consciousness Scale. State self-focus was induced by switching on a TV camera that pointed at the participant's face and upper torso. A manipulation check revealed that both groups experienced equally elevated levels of self-focused attention of their physical appearance. Induction of state self-focus per se did not affect genital responses, but an interaction effect of self-focus and participants' level of trait sexual self-focus was revealed. Compared with women with low scores on this trait, women with high scores exhibited smaller genital responses when state self-focus was induced. Both groups did not differ when no self-focus was induced. Increase of state self-focus did not affect subjective sexual arousal, but participants with a high level of trait sexual self-focus reported stronger subjective arousal, compared with those with low trait level. The results were discussed with reference to previous work in this field. Some implications for treatment of sexual arousal disorder were discussed.

Internet Witch-Hunt: Digitizing Salem Village.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferris, William R.; Ray, Benjamin

2000-01-01

Presents an interview with Benjamin Ray, a professor of religious studies at the University of Virginia (Charlottesville), focusing on Ray's work with the Salem Witchcraft Project. Addresses how Ray became interested in the topic and the use of the Internet within the discipline of history. (CMK)

Walking with Giants

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wardlow, George W.

2014-01-01

Dr. George W. Wardlow presented the 2013 AAAE Distinguished Lecture at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Agricultural Education in Columbus, Ohio in May, 2013. While the focus of the article is on the importance of research to the profession, it is intended as a philosophical work.

Guiding Students through the Writing Process.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fleming, Margaret, Ed.

1982-01-01

A variety of process-oriented writing instruction strategies are presented in this focused journal issue. Article titles and authors are as follows: (1) "Central Reference to the Rescue" (Rod Kessler); (2)"Brainstorming: A Heuristic that Works" (Frank C. Cronin); (3) "Brainstorming: A Valuable Supplemental Technique for…

Communication Education Futures: An Inter-Com '76 Symposium.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Work, William, Comp.

Nine position statements prepared for the proposed Inter-Com Symposium of 1976 are presented here. Contributions include the following: "A Philosophical Mini-Position-Statement" (William Work), "Development of Communication Resources through an Experiential Future-Focused Role-Image and Function-Oriented Curriculum: The Task of Communication…

Learning [Voice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tauberer, Joshua Ian

2010-01-01

The [voice] distinction between homorganic stops and fricatives is made by a number of acoustic correlates including voicing, segment duration, and preceding vowel duration. The present work looks at [voice] from a number of multidimensional perspectives. This dissertation's focus is a corpus study of the phonetic realization of [voice] in two…

Agricultural Service Jobs. World of Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisconsin State Employment Service, Milwaukee. Occupational Analysis Field Center.

To aid in selection and placement of people for vocations in agribusiness, this brochure presents occupational information about a wide variety of service-oriented jobs, including artificial breeding, conservation, marketing, and veterinary medicine. Collected and reported by a research analyst, the materials focus on services related to…

Igniting interest in prevention: using firefighter focus groups to inform implementation and enhancement of an urban canvassing program.

PubMed

Frattaroli, Shannon; McDonald, Eileen M; Tran, Nhan T; Trump, Alison R; OʼBrocki, Raymond C; Gielen, Andrea C

2012-01-01

Smoke alarm canvassing is recognized as an empirically based, effective intervention for increasing access to and the presence of smoke alarms in homes. We sought to inform the implementation of an intervention designed to enhance an existing fire department smoke alarm canvassing program through an empirically grounded, participatory process. We conducted a series of focus groups with fire union leaders and firefighters involved with the canvassing program in 1 US city, shared the results with the participants, and presented the resulting recommendations to fire department leadership. This research occurred in Baltimore, Maryland. Focus group participants included firefighters who participate in the Fire Department's smoke alarm canvassing program and representatives from the local firefighters' union. The focus groups sought to capture firefighters' experiences with and opinions about the canvassing program and how to improve it as well as challenges to canvassing work. We conducted 10 focus groups with 65 participants. Firefighters' perspectives on the canvassing program and their recommendations for improving it were expressed through 3 categories of themes concerning program management, canvassing challenges, and attitudes about the program and the community. We also discuss the process of presenting these findings and recommendations to the participants and the fire department leadership, and describe how implementation of some of the recommendations has progressed. Both the process and outcomes of this formative work inform how to develop and implement community-based public health interventions in real-world settings through academic-community partnerships. The findings also have implications for how canvassing programs are being implemented.

Working with layers: The governance and regulation of healthcare quality in an institutionally layered system.

PubMed

van de Bovenkamp, Hester M; Stoopendaal, Annemiek; Bal, Roland

2017-01-01

Institutional arrangements used to steer public policies have increasingly become layered. Inspired by the literature on institutional layering and institutional work, this paper aims to make a contribution to our understanding of institutional layering. We do so by studying an interesting case of layering: the Dutch hospital sector. We focus on the actors responsible for the internal governance (Board of Directors and Supervisory Boards) and the external regulation (the Healthcare Inspectorate) of hospitals. In the paper, we explore the institutional work of these actors, more specifically how institutional work results from and is influenced by institutional layering and how this in turn influences the institutional makeup of both healthcare organizations and their institutional context. Our approach allowed us to see that layering changes the activities of actors in the public sector, can be used to strengthen one's position but also presents actors with new struggles, which they in turn can try to overcome by relating and using the institutionally layered context. Layering and institutional work are therefore in continuous interaction. Combining institutional layering with a focus on the lived experiences of actors and their institutional work makes it possible to move into the layered arrangement and better understand its consequences.

Animal manure digestion systems in central Europe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Koeberle, E.

1996-01-01

This work provides an overview of existing plants in Europe and describes the substrates being used. It focuses on the individual farm-scale and community plants, as these are the two main types now being built. It also describes plants currently under construction, especially in Germany and Denmark, where the major efforts are focused. A description of how the technique has developed over the past few years, its current state of development, the motivation and economic balance, and the substrate characteristics, is presented.

Line focus concentrating collector for Copper Mountain Ski Resort, Colorado (Engineering Materials)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Not Available

1983-06-02

The present invention is a device which develops an accurate line focus concentrating collector by flexural bending of thin reflective materials. This method avoids the need for expensive tooling and support frame fabrication. The technical work conducted during this quarter included completion of designs for the prototype system for the Copper Mountain Ski Resort in Colorado. Evaluation of alternate tracking and drive systems and final design of the support system. These drawings accompany DOE/CS/15072--T4.

Multi-focus image fusion using a guided-filter-based difference image.

PubMed

Yan, Xiang; Qin, Hanlin; Li, Jia; Zhou, Huixin; Yang, Tingwu

2016-03-20

The aim of multi-focus image fusion technology is to integrate different partially focused images into one all-focused image. To realize this goal, a new multi-focus image fusion method based on a guided filter is proposed and an efficient salient feature extraction method is presented in this paper. Furthermore, feature extraction is primarily the main objective of the present work. Based on salient feature extraction, the guided filter is first used to acquire the smoothing image containing the most sharpness regions. To obtain the initial fusion map, we compose a mixed focus measure by combining the variance of image intensities and the energy of the image gradient together. Then, the initial fusion map is further processed by a morphological filter to obtain a good reprocessed fusion map. Lastly, the final fusion map is determined via the reprocessed fusion map and is optimized by a guided filter. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method does markedly improve the fusion performance compared to previous fusion methods and can be competitive with or even outperform state-of-the-art fusion methods in terms of both subjective visual effects and objective quality metrics.

Focus of Attention in Children's Motor Learning: Examining the Role of Age and Working Memory.

PubMed

Brocken, J E A; Kal, E C; van der Kamp, J

2016-01-01

The authors investigated the relative effectiveness of different attentional focus instructions on motor learning in primary school children. In addition, we explored whether the effect of attentional focus on motor learning was influenced by children's age and verbal working memory capacity. Novice 8-9-year old children (n = 30) and 11-12-year-old children (n = 30) practiced a golf putting task. For each age group, half the participants received instructions to focus (internally) on the swing of their arm, while the other half was instructed to focus (externally) on the swing of the club. Children's verbal working memory capacity was assessed with the Automated Working Memory Assessment. Consistent with many reports on adult's motor learning, children in the external groups demonstrated greater improvements in putting accuracy than children who practiced with an internal focus. This effect was similar across age groups. Verbal working memory capacity was not found to be predictive of motor learning, neither for children in the internal focus groups nor for children in the external focus groups. In conclusion, primary school children's motor learning is enhanced by external focus instructions compared to internal focus instructions. The purported modulatory roles of children's working memory, attentional capacity, or focus preferences require further investigation.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rutqvist, Jonny; Blanco Martin, Laura; Mukhopadhyay, Sumit

In this report, we present FY2014 progress by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) related to modeling of coupled thermal-hydrological-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in salt and their effect on brine migration at high temperatures. LBNL’s work on the modeling of coupled THMC processes in salt was initiated in FY2012, focusing on exploring and demonstrating the capabilities of an existing LBNL modeling tool (TOUGH-FLAC) for simulating temperature-driven coupled flow and geomechanical processes in salt. This work includes development related to, and implementation of, essential capabilities, as well as testing the model against relevant information and published experimental data related to the fate andmore » transport of water. we provide more details on the FY2014 work, first presenting updated tools and improvements made to the TOUGH-FLAC simulator, and the use of this updated tool in a new model simulation of long-term THM behavior within a generic repository in a salt formation. This is followed by the description of current benchmarking and validations efforts, including the TSDE experiment. We then present the current status in the development of constitutive relationships and the dual-continuum model for brine migration. We conclude with an outlook for FY2015, which will be much focused on model validation against field experiments and on the use of the model for the design studies related to a proposed heater experiment.« less

Work-family conflict, work- and family-role salience, and women's well-being.

PubMed

Noor, Noraini M

2004-08-01

The author considered both the direct effect and the moderator effect of role salience in the stress-strain relationship. In contrast to previous studies that have examined the effects of salience on well-being within specific social roles, the present study focused on the work-family interface. From a sample of 147 employed English women with children, the present results of the regression analyses showed that both effects are possible, depending on the outcome measures used. The author observed a direct effect of role salience in the prediction of job satisfaction; work salience was positively related to job satisfaction, over and above the main-effect terms of work-interfering-with-family (WIF) conflict and family-interfering-with-work (FIW) conflict. In contrast, the author found a moderator effect of role salience and conflict for symptoms of psychological distress. However, contrary to predictions, the author found that work salience exacerbated the negative impact of WIF conflict, rather than FIW conflict, on well-being. The author discussed these results in relation to the literature on work-family conflict, role salience, and the issue of stress-strain specificity.

Model for Developing Educational Research Productivity: The Medical Education Research Group.

PubMed

Perry, Marcia; Hopson, Laura; House, Joseph B; Fischer, Jonathan P; Dooley-Hash, Suzanne; Hauff, Samantha; Wolff, Margaret S; Sozener, Cemal; Nypaver, Michele; Moll, Joel; Losman, Eve D; Carney, Michele; Santen, Sally A

2015-11-01

Education research and scholarship are essential for promotion of faculty as well as dissemination of new educational practices. Educational faculty frequently spend the majority of their time on administrative and educational commitments and as a result educators often fall behind on scholarship and research. The objective of this educational advance is to promote scholarly productivity as a template for others to follow. We formed the Medical Education Research Group (MERG) of education leaders from our emergency medicine residency, fellowship, and clerkship programs, as well as residents with a focus on education. First, we incorporated scholarship into the required activities of our education missions by evaluating the impact of programmatic changes and then submitting the curricula or process as peer-reviewed work. Second, we worked as a team, sharing projects that led to improved motivation, accountability, and work completion. Third, our monthly meetings served as brainstorming sessions for new projects, research skill building, and tracking work completion. Lastly, we incorporated a work-study graduate student to assist with basic but time-consuming tasks of completing manuscripts. The MERG group has been highly productive, achieving the following scholarship over a three-year period: 102 abstract presentations, 46 journal article publications, 13 MedEd Portal publications, 35 national didactic presentations and five faculty promotions to the next academic level. An intentional focus on scholarship has led to a collaborative group of educators successfully improving their scholarship through team productivity, which ultimately leads to faculty promotions and dissemination of innovations in education.

Effects of Working Memory Capacity on Metacognitive Monitoring: A Study of Group Differences Using a Listening Span Test.

PubMed

Komori, Mie

2016-01-01

Monitoring is an executive function of working memory that serves to update novel information, focusing attention on task-relevant targets, and eliminating task-irrelevant noise. The present research used a verbal working memory task to examine how working memory capacity limits affect monitoring. Participants performed a Japanese listening span test that included maintenance of target words and listening comprehension. On each trial, participants responded to the target word and then immediately estimated confidence in recall performance for that word (metacognitive judgment). The results confirmed significant differences in monitoring accuracy between high and low capacity groups in a multi-task situation. That is, confidence judgments were superior in high vs. low capacity participants in terms of absolute accuracy and discrimination. The present research further investigated how memory load and interference affect underestimation of successful recall. The results indicated that the level of memory load that reduced word recall performance and led to an underconfidence bias varied according to participants' memory capacity. In addition, irrelevant information associated with incorrect true/ false decisions (secondary task) and word recall within the current trial impaired monitoring accuracy in both participant groups. These findings suggest that interference from unsuccessful decisions only influences low, but not high, capacity participants. Therefore, monitoring accuracy, which requires high working memory capacity, improves metacognitive abilities by inhibiting task-irrelevant noise and focusing attention on detecting task-relevant targets or useful retrieval cues, which could improve actual cognitive performance.

Optimizing Cognitive Rehabilitation: Effective Instructional Methods

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sohlberg, McKay Moore; Turkstra, Lyn S.

2011-01-01

Rehabilitation professionals face a key challenge when working with clients with acquired cognitive impairments: how to teach new skills to individuals who have difficulty learning. Unique in its focus, this book presents evidence-based instructional methods specifically designed to help this population learn more efficiently. The expert authors…

Q&A: Defining Internet Architecture for Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hernandez-Ramos, Pedro

1999-01-01

Presents Pedro Hernandez-Ramos's thoughts on Educom's Instructional Management Systems (IMS), a global coalition of organizations working together to create standards for software development in distributed learning. Focuses on the organization's relevance to community colleges, the benefits of participation, why IMS is a global effort, and how…

Popular Music as a Foundation for a French Culture Course.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Abrate, Jayne

1988-01-01

Described an advanced college-level course on contemporary French culture which used popular songs, supplemented by readings and news articles, as the focus for presentations on cultural phenomena relating to geography and travel, the family, education, work and leisure, government, and daily life. (CB)

Vector-Vector Scattering on the Lattice

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Romero-López, Fernando; Urbach, Carsten; Rusetsky, Akaki

2018-03-01

In this work we present an extension of the LüScher formalism to include the interaction of particles with spin, focusing on the scattering of two vector particles. The derived formalism will be applied to Scalar QED in the Higgs Phase, where the U(1) gauge boson acquires mass.

Parsimonious Compositionality: Probing Syntax and Semantics with French "Propre"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Charnavel, Isabelle

2012-01-01

This dissertation focuses on the French word "propre" roughly meaning "characteristic-of" and corresponding to English "own" found in "her own thesis." This adjective makes extremely varied and complex contributions to the meaning and properties of sentences it occurs in. The present work addresses the…

Evaluating Faculty Work: Expectations and Standards of Faculty Performance in Research Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hardre, Patricia; Cox, Michelle

2009-01-01

Expectations and the way they are communicated can influence employees' motivation and performance. Previous research has demonstrated individual effects of workplace climate and individual differences on faculty productivity. The present study focused on the characteristics of institutional performance standards, evaluation processes and…

T & D Publications. Vol. 13. No. 6.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

International Labour Office, Geneva (Switzerland).

The sixth dispatch of T & D abstracts contains 42 abstracts of international scope which focus on education, training, and work patterns, and on training in rural areas. Brief abstracts are presented under the following headings: conferences and exhibitions, new policies, new institutions, management, research, training standards, agriculture,…

Ideas for Teaching Job-Search Based ESL.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lotman, Marianne

1993-01-01

Focuses on the employment-related aspect of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) classes at the intermediate and advanced levels. Activities described include researched pair presentations, company research, working through occupational modules and an exercise to enhance self-image. Networking with colleagues and the community helps in the…

Direct Instruction, DISTAR, and Language for Learning. What Works Clearinghouse Intervention Report

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

What Works Clearinghouse, 2007

2007-01-01

This report focuses on a family of interventions that includes all "Direct Instruction" products ("DISTAR" and "Language for Learning"). "Direct Instruction" was used to refer to this family of interventions, as well as to all versions past and present. "Direct Instruction" includes teaching…

The effects of sequential attention shifts within visual working memory.

PubMed

Li, Qi; Saiki, Jun

2014-01-01

Previous studies have shown conflicting data as to whether it is possible to sequentially shift spatial attention among visual working memory (VWM) representations. The present study investigated this issue by asynchronously presenting attentional cues during the retention interval of a change detection task. In particular, we focused on two types of sequential attention shifts: (1) orienting attention to one location, and then withdrawing attention from it, and (2) switching the focus of attention from one location to another. In Experiment 1, a withdrawal cue was presented after a spatial retro-cue to measure the effect of withdrawing attention. The withdrawal cue significantly reduced the cost of invalid spatial cues, but surprisingly, did not attenuate the benefit of valid spatial cues. This indicates that the withdrawal cue only triggered the activation of facilitative components but not inhibitory components of attention. In Experiment 2, two spatial retro-cues were presented successively to examine the effect of switching the focus of attention. We observed equivalent benefits of the first and second spatial cues, suggesting that participants were able to reorient attention from one location to another within VWM, and the reallocation of attention did not attenuate memory at the first-cued location. In Experiment 3, we found that reducing the validity of the preceding spatial cue did lead to a significant reduction in its benefit. However, performance was still better at first-cued locations than at uncued and neutral locations, indicating that the first cue benefit might have been preserved both partially under automatic control and partially under voluntary control. Our findings revealed new properties of dynamic attentional control in VWM maintenance.

Diabetes City: How Urban Game Design Strategies Can Help Diabetics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knöll, Martin

Computer Games are about to leave their “electronic shells” and enter the city. So-called Serious Pervasive Games (SPGs) [1] allow for hybrid - simultaneously physical and virtual - experiences, applying technologies of ubiquitous computing, communication and “intelligent” interfaces. They begin to focus on non-entertaining purposes. The following article a) presents game design strategies as a missing link between pervasive computing, Ambient Intelligence and user’s everyday life. Therefore it spurs a discussion how Pervasive Healthcare focusing on the therapy and prevention of chronic diseases can benefit from urban game design strategies. b) Moreover the article presents the development and work in progress of “DiabetesCity“ - an educational game prototype for young diabetics.

Electric current focusing efficiency in a graphene electric lens.

PubMed

Mu, Weihua; Zhang, Gang; Tang, Yunqing; Wang, Wei; Ou-Yang, Zhongcan

2011-12-14

In the present work, we study theoretically the electron wave's focusing phenomenon in a single-layered graphene pn junction (PNJ) and obtain the electric current density distribution of graphene PNJ, which is in good agreement with the qualitative result in previous numerical calculations (Cheianov et al 2007 Science, 315, 1252). In addition, we find that, for a symmetric PNJ, 1/4 of total electric current radiated from the source electrode can be collected by the drain electrode. Furthermore, this ratio reduces to 3/16 in a symmetric graphene npn junction. Our results obtained by the present analytical method provide a general design rule for an electric lens based on negative refractory index systems. © 2011 IOP Publishing Ltd

Social Work Intervention Research With Adult Cancer Patients: A Literature Review and Reflection on Knowledge-Building for Practice.

PubMed

Pockett, Rosalie; Dzidowska, Monika; Hobbs, Kim

2015-01-01

The results of a literature review of social work intervention research with adult cancer patients found only a small number of studies conducted by social work researchers. The findings of the review are presented followed by a reflective discussion on the nature of knowledge-building and research knowledge for practice. Knowledge building is considered as a continuous, negotiated process within communities of practice focused on psychosocial perspectives that draw on a range of knowledge sources. Epistemology, worldviews and research orientations are considered along with the values and stance of social work, all of which create the domain of the practice-researcher.

Medical social work practice in child protection in China: A multiple case study in Shanghai hospitals.

PubMed

Zhao, Fang; Hämäläinen, Juha; Chen, Yu-Ting

2017-01-01

With the rapid development of the child welfare system in China over recent years, medical social work has been increasingly involved in providing child protection services in several hospitals in Shanghai. Focusing on five cases in this paper, the exploratory study aims to present a critical overview of current practices and effects of medical social work for child protection, based on a critical analysis of the multidimensional role of social work practitioners engaged in the provision of child protection services as well as potential challenges. Implications and suggestions for future improvements of China's child protection system are also discussed.

[Shift work and night work: what effect on blood pressure?].

PubMed

Cassat, M; Wuerzner, G; Burnier, M

2015-09-09

Shift work has become more and more common for the last thirty years. By definition, shift work disturbs the circadian rhythm and the internal clock. Even if the pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood, a greater cardiovascular risk has been attributed to shift work. Cross-sectional and cohort studies have identified an association between shift work and an elevated blood pressure. Shift workers also present a higher incidence of hypertension and progression than day workers. Unfortunately, the heterogeneity of the studies, the multiple confounding factors, as well as the complexity to achieve a suitable comparison group make it impossible to draw firm clinical evidence. Nevertheless, this population needs a medical follow-up focused on the cardiovascular risks and blood pressure.

Cooperating systems: Layered MAS

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rochowiak, Daniel

1990-01-01

Distributed intelligent systems can be distinguished by the models that they use. The model developed focuses on layered multiagent system conceived of as a bureaucracy in which a distributed data base serves as a central means of communication. The various generic bureaus of such a system is described and a basic vocabulary for such systems is presented. In presenting the bureaus and vocabularies, special attention is given to the sorts of reasonings that are appropriate. A bureaucratic model has a hierarchy of master system and work group that organizes E agents and B agents. The master system provides the administrative services and support facilities for the work groups.

Arc Fault Detection & Localization by Electromagnetic-Acoustic Remote Sensing

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vasile, C.; Ioana, C.

2017-05-01

Electrical arc faults that occur in photovoltaic systems represent a danger due to their economic impact on production and distribution. In this paper we propose a complete system, with focus on the methodology, that enables the detection and localization of the arc fault, by the use of an electromagnetic-acoustic sensing system. By exploiting the multiple emissions of the arc fault, in conjunction with a real-time detection signal processing method, we ensure accurate detection and localization. In its final form, this present work will present in greater detail the complete system, the methods employed, results and performance, alongside further works that will be carried on.

An Analysis and Comparison of Two Short Writings: "Inaugural Address at the University of St. Andrew's" by J.S. Mill and "The University of Utopia" by R.M. Hutchins, Based on Five Criteria.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poirier, Jeannine M.

Focusing on the concept of education for work vs. education for living, the author presents a comparative analysis of two works on liberal education, each of which was originally delivered orally to university students: "The Inaugural Address at the University of St. Andrew" by John Stuart Mill and "The University of Utopia" by…

Dual Career Couple Relationships. An Annotated Bibliography, for Conference Presented by The Women's Resources and Research Center (University of California, Davis, April 11-12, 1980). UCD-Women's Resources and Research Center Working Paper Series No. 20.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Knowles, Em Claire

This annotated bibliography of readings related to dual career couple relationships is divided into eleven areas of focus. Sections included are (1) Alternatives to Rigid Work Imperatives; (2) Child Rearing in Dual Career Families; (3) Collaboration Strategies for Coping; (4) Definition, Trend, and Historical Perspective of Dual Career Couples;…

Overview of MSFC's Applied Fluid Dynamics Analysis Group Activities

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Garcia, Roberto; Wang, Tee-See; Griffin, Lisa; Turner, James E. (Technical Monitor)

2001-01-01

This document is a presentation graphic which reviews the activities of the Applied Fluid Dynamics Analysis Group at Marshall Space Flight Center (i.e., Code TD64). The work of this group focused on supporting the space transportation programs. The work of the group is in Computational Fluid Dynamic tool development. This development is driven by hardware design needs. The major applications for the design and analysis tools are: turbines, pumps, propulsion-to-airframe integration, and combustion devices.

Airborne Chemical Sensing with Mobile Robots

PubMed Central

Lilienthal, Achim J.; Loutfi, Amy; Duckett, Tom

2006-01-01

Airborne chemical sensing with mobile robots has been an active research area since the beginning of the 1990s. This article presents a review of research work in this field, including gas distribution mapping, trail guidance, and the different subtasks of gas source localisation. Due to the difficulty of modelling gas distribution in a real world environment with currently available simulation techniques, we focus largely on experimental work and do not consider publications that are purely based on simulations.

Set-specific capture can be reduced by preemptively occupying a limited-capacity focus of attention

PubMed Central

Moore, Katherine Sledge; Weissman, Daniel H.

2011-01-01

Recent work has shown that contingent attentional capture effects can be especially large when multiple attentional sets for color guide visual search (Moore & Weissman, 2010). In particular, this research suggests that detecting a target-colored (e.g., orange) distractor leads the corresponding attentional set (e.g., identify orange letters) to enter a limited-capacity focus of attention in working memory, where it remains briefly while the distractor is being attended. Consequently, the ability to identify a differently-colored (e.g., green) target 100–300 ms later is impaired because the appropriate set (e.g., identify green letters) cannot also enter the focus of attention. In two experiments, we investigated whether such set-specific capture can be reduced by preemptively occupying the focus of attention. As predicted, a target-colored central distractor presented 233 ms before a target-colored peripheral distractor eliminated set-specific capture arising from the peripheral distractor. Moreover, this effect was observed only when the central distractor’s color (e.g., orange) (a) matched a different set than the upcoming peripheral distractor’s color (e.g., green) and (b) matched the same set as the upcoming central target’s color (e.g., orange). We conclude that the same working memory limitations that give rise to set-specific capture can be preemptively exploited to reduce it. PMID:21779149

[STRESS DUE TO THE WORK-LIFE CONFLICT: ADVICES FROM APPLIED RESEARCH FOR COPING IT].

PubMed

Poerio, Vincenzo

2015-01-01

Unlike most of the work-related stress research, which emphasizes how to manage stressors and maximize the psychological well-being, the present article focuses on one particular kind of stressor: the experience of conflict or interference between demands at work and responsibilities and commitments outside of the work setting, especially in respect offamily life and one's personal life. Referred to as "work-family conflict" or (more recently) "work-life conflict", this stressor has been demonstrated in research since the 1990s to exert a considerable impact on individuals' well-being along with other areas such as family functioning and even performance on the job. In contrast to the intra-role conflict, which refers to interference between roles within a single domain (e.g., the work context), work-family (or work-life) conflict is a form of inter-role interference which occurs when there is conflict across domains. In the 1980s and 1990s, research and writing in this area focused predominantly on work versus family, but in recent years the "non-work" component has been expanded to include other aspects of people's lives. For simplicity, we will refer to the two major spheres as the "work domain" (i.e., a person's paid employment) and the "life domain" (which comprises all other dimensions of life, including family, recreation, community activities and personal life). Although this classification is not entirely appropriate, it enables differentiation between the two spheres.

The effect of work-focused rehabilitation among patients with neck and back pain: a randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Myhre, Kjersti; Marchand, Gunn Hege; Leivseth, Gunnar; Keller, Anne; Bautz-Holter, Erik; Sandvik, Leiv; Lau, Bjørn; Røe, Cecilie

2014-11-15

Multicenter randomized trial with patients listed as sick for 1 to 12 months due to neck or back pain and referred to secondary care. To compare the return-to-work (RTW) rate among patients offered work-focused rehabilitation or multidisciplinary rehabilitation. A growing number of studies have focused on the RTW processes associated with patients with back pain. Many studies have combined a workplace focus with multidisciplinary treatments; however, this focus has not been evaluated in Norway among patients with neck and back pain thus far. A total of 405 patients who were referred to the spine clinics at 2 university hospitals in Norway were randomly assigned into work-focused and control intervention groups. The existing treatments at each hospital were used as the control interventions, which entailed either a comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention or a brief multidisciplinary intervention. The RTW rates and proportions were compared at 12 months. During the first 12 months after inclusion, 142 (70%) participants in the work-focused rehabilitation group and 152 (75%) participants in the control group returned to work. The median time to RTW was 161 days in the work-focused group and 158 days in the control group. A comparison of the work-focused and control interventions revealed a relative RTW probability (hazard ratio) of 0.94 (95% confidence interval = 0.75-1.17) after adjusting for age, sex, and education. The results suggest that a focus on the workplace in specialist care does not substantially alter the RTW rate compared with standard multidisciplinary treatments.

High-Precision Isotope Ratio Measurements of Sub-Picogram Actinide Samples

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pollington, A. D.; Kinman, W.

2016-12-01

One of the most exciting trends in analytical geochemistry over the past decade is the push towards smaller and smaller sample sizes while simultaneously achieving high precision isotope ratio measurements. This trend has been driven by advances in clean chemistry protocols, and by significant breakthroughs in mass spectrometer ionization efficiency and detector quality (stability and noise for low signals). In this presentation I will focus on new techniques currently being developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory for the characterization of ultra-small samples (pg, fg, ag), with particular focus on actinide measurements by MC-ICP-MS. Analyses of U, Pu, Th and Am are routinely carried out in our facility using multi-ion counting techniques. I will describe some of the challenges associated with using exclusively ion counting methods (e.g., stability, detector cross calibration, etc.), and how we work to mitigate them. While the focus of much of the work currently being carried out is in the broad field of nuclear forensics and safeguards, the techniques that are being developed are directly applicable to many geologic questions that require analyses of small samples of U and Th, for example. In addition to the description of the technique development, I will present case studies demonstrating the precision and accuracy of the method as applied to real-world samples.

Design of compact electromagnetic impulse radiating antenna for melanoma treatment.

PubMed

Arockiasamy, Petrishia; Mohan, Sasikala

2016-01-01

Cancer therapy is one of the several new applications which use nanosecond and subnanosecond high voltage pulses. New treatment based on electromagnetic (EM) fields have been developed as non-surgical and minimally invasive treatments of tumors. In particular, subnanosecond pulses can introduce important non-thermal changes in cell biology, especially the permeabilization of the cell membrane. The motivation behind this work is to launch intense subnanosecond pulses to the target (tumors) non-invasively. This works focuses on the design of a compact intense pulsed EM radiating antenna. In tense EM waves radiated at the first focal point of the Prolate Spheroidal Reflector (PSR) are focused at the second focal point where the target (tumor) is present. Two antennas with PSR but fed with different compact wave radiator are designed to focus pulsed field at the second focal point. The PSR with modified bicone antenna feed and PSR with elliptically tapered horn antenna feed are designed. The design parameters and radiation performance are discussed.

Lifting the 'violence veil': examining working conditions in long-term care facilities using iterative mixed methods.

PubMed

Daly, Tamara; Banerjee, Albert; Armstrong, Pat; Armstrong, Hugh; Szebehely, Marta

2011-06-01

We conducted a mixed-methods study-- the focus of this article--to understand how workers in long-term care facilities experienced working conditions. We surveyed unionized care workers in Ontario (n = 917); we also surveyed workers in three Canadian provinces (n = 948) and four Scandinavian countries (n = 1,625). In post-survey focus groups, we presented respondents with survey questions and descriptive statistical findings, and asked them: "Does this reflect your experience?" Workers reported time pressures and the frequency of experiences of physical violence and unwanted sexual attention, as we explain. We discuss how iteratively mixing qualitative and quantitative methods to triangulate survey and focus group results led to expected data convergence and to unexpected data divergence that revealed a normalized culture of structural violence in long-term care facilities. We discuss how the finding of structural violence emerged and also the deeper meaning, context, and insights resulting from our combined methods.

Propulsion Health Monitoring for Enhanced Safety

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Butz, Mark G.; Rodriguez, Hector M.

2003-01-01

This report presents the results of the NASA contract Propulsion System Health Management for Enhanced Safety performed by General Electric Aircraft Engines (GE AE), General Electric Global Research (GE GR), and Pennsylvania State University Applied Research Laboratory (PSU ARL) under the NASA Aviation Safety Program. This activity supports the overall goal of enhanced civil aviation safety through a reduction in the occurrence of safety-significant propulsion system malfunctions. Specific objectives are to develop and demonstrate vibration diagnostics techniques for the on-line detection of turbine rotor disk cracks, and model-based fault tolerant control techniques for the prevention and mitigation of in-flight engine shutdown, surge/stall, and flameout events. The disk crack detection work was performed by GE GR which focused on a radial-mode vibration monitoring technique, and PSU ARL which focused on a torsional-mode vibration monitoring technique. GE AE performed the Model-Based Fault Tolerant Control work which focused on the development of analytical techniques for detecting, isolating, and accommodating gas-path faults.

RF MEMS microswitches design and characterization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lafontan, Xavier; Dufaza, Christian; Robert, Michel; Perez, Guy; Pressecq, Francis

2000-08-01

This paper presents the work performed in MUMPs on RF MEMS micro-switch. Concepts, design and characterization of switches are studied. The study particularly focuses on the electrical resistance characterization and modelization. The switches developed uses two different principle: overflowed gold and hinged beam. The realized contacts exhibited high on resistance (~20(Omega) ) due to nanoscopics asperities of contacts and insulating interfacial films. Results of a typical contact cleaning method are also presented.

Robust Integration Schemes for Generalized Viscoplasticity with Internal-State Variables

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Saleeb, Atef F.; Li, W.; Wilt, Thomas E.

1997-01-01

The scope of the work in this presentation focuses on the development of algorithms for the integration of rate dependent constitutive equations. In view of their robustness; i.e., their superior stability and convergence properties for isotropic and anisotropic coupled viscoplastic-damage models, implicit integration schemes have been selected. This is the simplest in its class and is one of the most widely used implicit integrators at present.

Teaching Mathematics in Rudolf Steiner Schools for Classes I-VIII. How To Become Imaginative and Holistic. Volume 1, Up to Age 14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jarman, Ron

This book aims to present helpful, practical ideas and suggestions for mathematics teaching. Focus is on how teaching can be developed in a Rudolf Steiner (Waldorf) School and includes treatment of mathematical topics applicable to the 7-14 age group. Suggestions for curriculum and examples for children to work on are presented with a very wide…

Atmospheric Correction Prototype Algorithm for High Spatial Resolution Multispectral Earth Observing Imaging Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pagnutti, Mary

2006-01-01

This viewgraph presentation reviews the creation of a prototype algorithm for atmospheric correction using high spatial resolution earth observing imaging systems. The objective of the work was to evaluate accuracy of a prototype algorithm that uses satellite-derived atmospheric products to generate scene reflectance maps for high spatial resolution (HSR) systems. This presentation focused on preliminary results of only the satellite-based atmospheric correction algorithm.

Occupational Animal Allergy.

PubMed

Stave, Gregg M

2018-02-16

This review explores animal allergen exposure in research laboratories and other work settings, focusing on causes and prevention. (1) Consistent with the hygiene hypothesis, there is new evidence that early childhood exposure to pets produces changes in the gut microbiome that likely lead to a lower risk of allergy. (2) Anaphylaxis from laboratory animal bites occurs more frequently than suggested by prior literature. (3) Animal allergens represent an occupational hazard in a wide variety of work settings ranging from fields that work with animals to public settings like schools and public transportation where allergens are brought into or are present in the workplace. Exposure to animal allergens can result in allergy, asthma, and anaphylaxis. Animal allergy has been most studied in the research laboratory setting, where exposure reduction can prevent the development of allergy. Similar prevention approaches need to be considered for other animal work environments and in all settings where animal allergens are present.

Results and conclusions: perception sensor study for high speed autonomous operations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schneider, Anne; LaCelle, Zachary; Lacaze, Alberto; Murphy, Karl; Close, Ryan

2016-05-01

Previous research has presented work on sensor requirements, specifications, and testing, to evaluate the feasibility of increasing autonomous vehicle system speeds. Discussions included the theoretical background for determining sensor requirements, and the basic test setup and evaluation criteria for comparing existing and prototype sensor designs. This paper will present and discuss the continuation of this work. In particular, this paper will focus on analyzing the problem via a real-world comparison of various sensor technology testing results, as opposed to previous work that utilized more of a theoretical approach. LADAR/LIDAR, radar, visual, and infrared sensors are considered in this research. Results are evaluated against the theoretical, desired perception specifications. Conclusions for utilizing a suite of perception sensors, to achieve the goal of doubling ground vehicle speeds, is also discussed.

Working appreciatively to improve services for children and families.

PubMed

Onyett, Steve

2009-10-01

Service improvement approaches are described that specifically focus on appreciating the positive that individuals bring to contexts related to children and family services. This includes application of Solution-Focused approaches, Appreciative Inquiry and other approaches that promote a positive emotional climate and focus on what works. Their conceptual foundations are explored and particularly their value in supporting working well with complex adaptive systems. Specific applications described include leadership and management practice, work in school settings, engaging clinicians in healthcare improvement, establishing clinical networks, work with homeless youth, child protection and approaches to drawing out best practice and community development. The theme that unites is a focus on developing effective relationships at all levels and a pragmatic focus on what works so that we can find opportunities to do more of it.

"Flipping the Coin": Models for Social Justice in the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cotton, Tony

1998-01-01

Offers a rationale for developing a theory of social justice to support educational research. Using the work of John Rawls and others, explores injustices present within schools and classrooms observable through experiences of powerlessness, violence, exploitation, marginalization, and cultural imperialism. Calls for a transformational focus for…

Designing for Mathematical Abstraction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pratt, Dave; Noss, Richard

2010-01-01

Our focus is on the design of systems (pedagogical, technical, social) that encourage mathematical abstraction, a process we refer to as "designing for abstraction." In this paper, we draw on detailed design experiments from our research on children's understanding about chance and distribution to re-present this work as a case study in designing…

A History of Education of Afro-Americans in America.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Mae

This book is a collection of readings selected to present an historical overview of the educative experiences of Afro-Americans. The essays focus upon social, economic, and political factors which have conditioned educational opportunities for blacks in this country. The work is divided into four sections. "Education in Ante Bellum…

Correcting Spellings in Second Language Learners' Computer-Assisted Collaborative Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Musk, Nigel

2016-01-01

The present study uses multimodal conversation analysis to examine how pupils studying English as a foreign language make spelling corrections in real time while doing collaborative computer-assisted project work. Unlike most previous related investigations, this study focuses on the "process" rather than evaluating the final…

Using Clustering Strategies for Creating Authority Files.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

French, James C.; Powell, Allison L.; Schulman, Eric

2000-01-01

Discussion of quality control of data in online bibliographic databases focuses on authority files. Describes approximate string matching, introduces the concept of approximate word matching and clustering, and presents a case study using the Astrophysics Data System (ADS) that shows how to reduce human effort involved in authority work. (LRW)

International Perspectives on Educational Reform and Policy Implementation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carter, David S. G., Ed.; O'Neill, Marnie H., Ed.

This book focuses on educational change processes in the context of larger scale educational reform. The first of 2 volumes, the book contains 11 chapters that examine the historical, social, and economic forces at work in the formulation and implementation of educational policy. The chapters present different cross-cultural experiences of…

Ron Logan: An Insider's View of the Music Industry.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Van Zandt, Kathryn

2002-01-01

Presents an interview with Ron Logan who has served as an executive vice president for Walt Disney Entertainment. Focuses on topics, such as: influential teachers in his life, his career, how he selects scripts for musical productions, and advice for students who want to work in the music industry. (CMK)

EFFECT OF CONTAMINANT AND ORGANIC MATTER BIOAVAILABILITY ON THE MICROBIAL DEHALOGENATION OF SEDIMENT-BOUND CHLOROBENZENES. (R825513C007)

EPA Science Inventory

The extent of reductive dechlorination occurring in contaminated, estuarine sediments was investigated. Contaminant and organic matter bioavailability and their effect on the reductive dechlorination of sediment-bound chlorobenzenes was the main focus of the work presented her...

A Cognitive-Creative Profile of Emotional Talent

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bermejo, Rosario; Prieto, María Dolores; Fernández, Mari Carmen; Soto, Gloria; Sainz, Marta

2013-01-01

Much attention has been paid to emotional intelligence and its correlations with other psychological constructs during the last few years. Nevertheless, studies focusing on emotionally intelligent persons are scarce. The present work aims to study the cognitive and creative profile of students who stand out for their high emotional intelligence. A…

Competition, Parental Involvement and Public School Performance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McMillan, Robert

This paper summarizes work from a dissertation that examines the determinants of public school performance, focusing on the roles of incentives and parental involvement. The thesis presents theory and related empirics. In the theory, it analyzes the effects of competition on public school productivity, with and without parental involvement, as…

Motivational Strategies That Work!

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Educators' Spotlight Digest, 2009

2009-01-01

This article presents K-12 motivational strategies that focus on different ideas school library media specialists can use to gain and sustain attention in the research topic. Some have come from recent submissions to the S.O.S. database of lesson plans and teaching ideas. A student-directed searching activity for college level library instruction…

The Snowball Blizzard Incident: A Reality Rub Life Space Interview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long, Nicholas J.; Pinciotti, Dennis

1992-01-01

Focuses on Reality Rub Interview, one type of Life Space Interview (LSI), effective intervention strategy for use during crisis work with troubled students. Presents actual Reality Rub Interview, used with students who have "social blindness, social myopia, and tunnel vision" and who, when upset, misinterpret words and behaviors of…

PEPNet 2000 Innovation in Education. Conference Proceedings (Denver, Colorado, April 5-8, 2000).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jursik, Kay B., Ed.

This proceedings focuses on the best practices and most effective strategies for meeting the needs of postsecondary students who are deaf and hard of hearing. Presentations address professional development, access to programs and services, teaching methods, using technology, student preparation for college, program development, working with…

76 FR 34773 - Final Safety Culture Policy Statement

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-14

... Special Joint Session on Safety Culture at the Health Physics Society Annual Meeting, and presentations on... safety-first focus in nuclear work environments for public health and safety. The Commission's emphasis... operations, if attacked, could have an impact on public health and safety. During the early years of...

Exploring the Past and Connecting the Present: One Latina Teacher's Story.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Nancy T.

This study investigated the relationships between teachers' education and their instructional style, focusing on one Latina elementary teacher working with English language learners. It examined what beliefs guided her choice of literacy instruction, how school structure impacted instruction, and the roles of culture and gender in literacy…

Introduction: Optical trapping and applications feature issue

PubMed Central

López-Mariscal, Carlos; McGloin, David

2013-01-01

The editors introduce the Biomedical Optics Express feature issue on “Optical Trapping and Applications.” The works presented in the papers within this issue include were the focus of the third OTA Topical Meeting that was held on April 14–18, 2013, in Waikoloa, Hawaii. PMID:24298428

Martin Luther, the Educator.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hibler, Richard W.

1985-01-01

Presents a brief biography of Martin Luther, focusing on his work as a reformer of education. Discusses what is known of his childhood, his life in an Augustinian monastery, his posting of the 95 theses against the sale of indulgences and other abuses of the Catholic Church, and his call for universal compulsory schooling. (CT)

Probing for Reasons: Presentations, Questions, Phases

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, Kellyn Farlow; Speiser, Bob

2010-01-01

This paper reports on a research study based on data from experimental teaching. Undergraduate dance majors were invited, through real-world problem tasks that raised central conceptual issues, to invent major ideas of calculus. This study focuses on work and thinking by these students, as they sought to build key ideas, representations and…

The evolving ecology of risk for hospitalized dialysis patients.

PubMed

Sandroni, Stephen

2009-01-01

Despite an increased focus on patient safety, changes in resident work rules and contemporary hospital culture often combine to create an environment of potential hazard for the hospitalized dialysis patient. Clinical scenarios are presented to illustrate some of these risks, and suggestions are offered for the protection of patients.

An Overview of Focal Approaches of Critical Discourse Analysis

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jahedi, Maryam; Abdullah, Faiz Sathi; Mukundan, Jayakaran

2014-01-01

This article aims to present detailed accounts of central approaches to Critical Discourse Analysis. It focuses on the work of three prominent scholars such as Fairclough's critical approach, Wodak's discourse-historical approach and Van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach. This study concludes that a combination of these three approaches can be…

The American Academic Profession.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graubard, Stephen R., Ed.

This collection focuses on the forces that have worked together to create the U.S. system of higher education. Contributors consider the development of the university system, the present role of the university, and the future of higher education. The chapters are: (1) "How the Academic Profession Is Changing" (Arthur Levine); (2) "Small Worlds,…

Managing Change from a Quality Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snyder, Karolyn J.

This paper presents findings of a study that examined the change process in 28 schools, with a focus on how principals went about transforming traditional school-work cultures into quality systems. The principals had participated in Managing Productive Schools (MPS), a comprehensive systems-approach program based on quality management concepts.…

LEGO Robotics: An Authentic Problem Solving Tool?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Castledine, Alanah-Rei; Chalmers, Chris

2011-01-01

With the current curriculum focus on correlating classroom problem solving lessons to real-world contexts, are LEGO robotics an effective problem solving tool? This present study was designed to investigate this question and to ascertain what problem solving strategies primary students engaged with when working with LEGO robotics and whether the…

Every Lesson Needs a Storyline

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ermeling, Bradley A.; Graff-Ermeling, Genevieve

2016-01-01

More than a decade ago, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies observed that teachers in the United States focused more on "high-interest activities" (games, dramatic presentations, humor, and so on) than on the development of challenging concepts. Since then, the authors have worked with many teaching teams to shift…

Conceptualization and Treatment for Vietnam Veterans Experiencing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lawson, David M.

1995-01-01

Presents model that can be employed in working with Vietnam veterans experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Incorporates cognitive, behavioral, and interactional components and focuses on helping veterans to identify schemas that are related to five areas of psychological and interpersonal functioning: safety, trust, power, esteem, and…

Strengthening Family Resilience. The Guilford Family Therapy Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walsh, Froma

Offering an alternative to clinician's prevalent focus on family dysfunction, this book draws upon extensive clinical and research experience to present a framework for therapeutic and preventive work with couples and families who are distressed, vulnerable, or at risk. The book identifies key interactional processes that enable family members to…

CHANGING CONCEPTS OF PRODUCTIVE LIVING.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BOYD, ROBERT D.

AT A CONFERENCE OF ADULT EDUCATORS DESIGNED TO BRING INTO FOCUS NEW PERSPECTIVES OF THE ROLES OF ADULT EDUCATION, PAPERS WERE PRESENTED ON THE CHANGING CONCEPTS OF PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCERN FOR PRODUCTIVE LIVING AND ADULT EDUCATION. AN OVERVIEW PROVIDED A WORKING ORIENTATION AND DESCRIBED THE BASIC FORCES AND PROBLEMS…

Valuing Assessment in Teacher Education - Multiple-Choice Competency Testing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martin, Dona L.; Itter, Diane

2014-01-01

When our focus is on assessment educators should work to value the nature of assessment. This paper presents a new approach to multiple-choice competency testing in mathematics education. The instrument discussed here reflects student competence, encourages self-regulatory learning behaviours and links content with current curriculum documents and…

Validation and Comprehension: An Integrated Overview

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kendeou, Panayiota

2014-01-01

In this article, I review and discuss the work presented in this special issue while focusing on a number of issues that warrant further investigation in validation research. These issues pertain to the nature of the validation processes, the processes and mechanisms that support validation during comprehension, the factors that influence…

Semi-Automatic Determination of Citation Relevancy: User Evaluation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huffman, G. David

1990-01-01

Discussion of online bibliographic database searches focuses on a software system, SORT-AID/SABRE, that ranks retrieved citations in terms of relevance. Results of a comprehensive user evaluation of the relevance ranking procedure to determine its effectiveness are presented, and implications for future work are suggested. (10 references) (LRW)

Mapping the Territory: A Conceptual Model of Scholastic Journalism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arnold, Mary

1991-01-01

Describes scholastic journalism as the teaching of secondary school students to gather, process, and present information to an audience. Offers a model focusing upon scholastic journalism's conceptual areas of law and ethics, history and cultural diversity, technology and financial support, media and content, pedagogy, and working context as a…

All in a Day's Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Felder, Richard M.; Brent, Rebecca

2000-01-01

Discusses a scenario about offending student behaviors in a classroom during lecture, specifically focusing on a sleeping student. Presents a list of responses for possible solutions to these behaviors from a brainstorming session. Makes recommendations to teachers for what to do in that kind of situation. Provides two Internet addresses for…

"All Things Flow."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohan, John M.

1999-01-01

Presents a tribute to Dan Davidson, American Department of Foreign Language's (ADFL) 1997 honoree as an outstanding educator, focusing on Davidson's work to expand Russian studies nationwide and forge ties between U.S. Russianists and Russia itself over the past decades, beginning with the post-Sputnik era. Davidson was able to go beyond the Iron…

Accommodating Student Differences: A Resource for Teaching Gifted and Talented Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alberta Dept. of Education, Edmonton. Education Response Centre.

This document presents a selection of teacher designed activities to help meet the needs of gifted and talented students. The four teaching units focus on creativity, independent study, critical thinking, and communication skills. Introductory material explains how the teachers of Parkland County (Alberta) worked together in informal and…

Career Engagement: Bridging Career Counseling and Employee Engagement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neault, Roberta A.; Pickerell, Deirdre A.

2011-01-01

In this article, the authors present a model of career engagement that helps bridge the gap between career counselors' focus on supporting individuals to find meaningful work and employers' desire for an engaged, productive, and committed workforce. They briefly review highlights of the employee engagement literature, introduce the Career…

A Low-Tech, Hands-On Approach To Teaching Sorting Algorithms to Working Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dios, R.; Geller, J.

1998-01-01

Focuses on identifying the educational effects of "activity oriented" instructional techniques. Examines which instructional methods produce enhanced learning and comprehension. Discusses the problem of learning "sorting algorithms," a major topic in every Computer Science curriculum. Presents a low-tech, hands-on teaching method for sorting…

Interactive Research in Drama in Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davis, David, Ed.

This book contains papers presented at an "Interactive Research Conference" held in June 1996 at the University of Central England. The conference focused on the pioneering work of Professor Dorothy Heathcote in the field of drama in education. Twenty-three different countries were represented at the conference. The book has three…

PE Is Not for Me: When Boys' Masculinities Are Threatened

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tischler, Amy; McCaughtry, Nate

2011-01-01

This study used hegemonic masculinity theory to examine the intersection of masculinities and school physical education from the perspectives of boys who embodied masculinities that were marginalized. Over a 13-week period using present-focused, student-centered, qualitative methodological approaches, we observed, interviewed, and worked in small…

Listening to More Voices: Why Being Heard Matters

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Elisha-Primo, Iris; Sandler, Simone; Goldfrad, Keren

2015-01-01

This article examines various voices in a triangulated needs analysis project aimed at reevaluating the curriculum of a graduate level EAP program. Previous work (Elisha-Primo, et al., 2010) presented students' voices; this article focuses on department chairpersons and graduate advisors, and graduate EFL instructors with respect to the perceived…

Literacy House: Annual Report 1968.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Literacy House, Lucknow (India).

The 1968 annual report of Literacy House focuses on functional literacy, food production, and family planning as well as on structural reorganization. A new organizational chart is included and the role of each individual in the organization is presented. The primary functions (training and research), and some details about the work of the…

Teaching Non-Fiction.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fleming, Margaret, Ed.

1984-01-01

Noting the general lack of attention to the teaching of nonfiction, this focused journal issue presents 11 articles containing suggestions for ways to incorporate various nonfiction materials into the English class. Article titles and authors in the journal are (1) "A Marriage that Works: Early American Literature in Context" (S. Bouley); (2)…

Some Statistical Properties of Tonality, 1650-1900

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Christopher Wm.

2013-01-01

This dissertation investigates the statistical properties present within corpora of common practice music, involving a data set of more than 8,000 works spanning from 1650 to 1900, and focusing specifically on the properties of the chord progressions contained therein. In the first chapter, methodologies concerning corpus analysis are presented…

Fostering Student Engagement with the Flip

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Amanda J.; Gillett, Matthew R.; Steele, Michael D.

2014-01-01

The Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practice (CCSSI 2010) and NCTM's "Focus in High School Mathematics: Reasoning and Sense Making" (2009) present a vision of high school classrooms in which the majority of the activity involves students working on rich mathematical problems and engaging in mathematical discourse. This model…

Personality Adjustment and Job Satisfaction among the Lecturers Working in Junior Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Raju, T. J. M. S.

2011-01-01

The present study focused on the relationship between personality adjustment and job satisfaction among junior college Lecturers in Vizianagaram District of Andhra Pradesh, India. The successfulness of any educational program basically depends on the right performance and acceptance of teacher community. This mainly depends on their satisfaction…

From Thoughts to Words.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glaus, Marlene

The activities presented in this book, designed to help children translate their thoughts into spoken and written words, can supplement an elementary teacher's own language arts lessons. Objectives for each activity are listed, with the general focus of the many oral activities being to develop a rich verbal background for future written work. The…

Teacher Competencies through the Prism of Educational Research

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peklaj, Cirila

2015-01-01

The present article focuses on teacher competencies as a major factor that impacts student learning. Ultimately, all attempts to improve education converge in the teacher and the quality of his/her work with students. With their teaching methods, their communication and their classroom management, teachers can structure the kind of learning…

Robotics Focused Capstone Senior Design Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rios-Gutierrez, Fernando; Alba-Flores, Rocio

2017-01-01

This work describes the educational experiences gained teaching the Senior Design I & II courses, a senior level, two-semester sequence in the Electrical Engineering (EE) program at Georgia Southern University (GSU). In particular, the authors present their experiences in using robotics as the main area to develop the capstone senior design,…

Linguistic Corpora and Lexicography.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meijs, Willem

1996-01-01

Overviews the development of corpus linguistics, reviews the use of corpora in modern lexicography, and presents central issues in ongoing work aimed at broadening the scope of lexicographical use of corpus data. Focuses on how the field has developed in relation to the production of new monolingual English dictionaries by major British…

Music Exposure and the Development of Spatial Intelligence in Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rauscher, Frances H.

1999-01-01

Presents research on the effects of music instruction on spatial-temporal reasoning in children. Summarizes past studies that tested whether music training transfers to spatial-temporal task performance. A work-in-progress focuses on whether music training can improve economically-disadvantaged preschoolers' abstract reasoning and why…

Thinking Visually: An Interview with Scott Bennett.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gamble, Harriet

2002-01-01

Presents an interview with Scott Bennett, an artist of abstract art and traditional craft. Focuses on issues such as the role of art in his life, how his art has developed over time, and his process of creating his works of art. Includes directions for a glazing project. (CMK)

The Promise of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McKinney, Alexis; Dustin, Dan; Wolff, Robert

2001-01-01

Describes how people with disabilities can benefit from working and playing in the water with dolphins, focusing on the many positive benefits of dolphin-assisted therapy and discussing several hypotheses about why dolphin-assisted therapy is so effective. The article describes two dolphin-assisted therapy programs and presents contact information…

Student Activity Packet for the California State Capitol Museum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

2001

This packet contains materials to help fourth and fifth grade teachers provide their students with background information for field trips to the California State Capitol Museum (Sacramento). The working museum focuses on the theme areas of California history, the state government/legislative process, and state symbols. The packet presents teacher…

China Earthquake Relief: Participatory Action Work with Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zeng, Emily Jie; Silverstein, Louise Bordeaux

2011-01-01

This article presents a community-focused participatory action project designed to promote children's resilience in the early aftermath of the cataclysmic May 2008 Earthquake in Beichuan, China. Thirty children aged 7- to 15-years-old participated in the project. The project encompassed four phases that evolved from adult-directed/initiated…

College Psychotherapy at a Nigerian University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Adeyemo, David A.

2016-01-01

David Adeyemo works at the Department of Guidance and Counselling at the University of Ibadan in Ibadan, Nigeria. This article presents a transcript of an online interview with Adeyemo, focusing on his experience providing counseling services at the University. Topics in the interview include the percentage of campus students that come for…

Reconstruction and analysis of hybrid composite shells using meshless methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bernardo, G. M. S.; Loja, M. A. R.

2017-06-01

The importance of focusing on the research of viable models to predict the behaviour of structures which may possess in some cases complex geometries is an issue that is growing in different scientific areas, ranging from the civil and mechanical engineering to the architecture or biomedical devices fields. In these cases, the research effort to find an efficient approach to fit laser scanning point clouds, to the desired surface, has been increasing, leading to the possibility of modelling as-built/as-is structures and components' features. However, combining the task of surface reconstruction and the implementation of a structural analysis model is not a trivial task. Although there are works focusing those different phases in separate, there is still an effective need to find approaches able to interconnect them in an efficient way. Therefore, achieving a representative geometric model able to be subsequently submitted to a structural analysis in a similar based platform is a fundamental step to establish an effective expeditious processing workflow. With the present work, one presents an integrated methodology based on the use of meshless approaches, to reconstruct shells described by points' clouds, and to subsequently predict their static behaviour. These methods are highly appropriate on dealing with unstructured points clouds, as they do not need to have any specific spatial or geometric requirement when implemented, depending only on the distance between the points. Details on the formulation, and a set of illustrative examples focusing the reconstruction of cylindrical and double-curvature shells, and its further analysis, are presented.

Multi-assortment rhythmic production planning and control

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Skolud, B.; Krenczyk, D.; Zemczak, M.

2015-11-01

A method for production planning in a repetitive manufacturing system which allows for estimating the possibility of processing work orders in due time is presented. The difference between two approaches are presented; the first one one-piece flow elaborated in Toyota and the second one elaborated by authors that consists in defining sufficient conditions to filter all solutions and providing a set of admissible solutions for both the client and the producer. In the paper attention is focused on the buffer allocation. Illustrative examples are presented.

Investigation of the microstructure of Ni and B4C ceramic-metal mixtures obtained by cold spray coating and followed by laser cladding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Filippov, A. A.; Fomin, V. M.; Orishich, A. M.; Malikov, A. G.; Ryashin, N. S.; Golyshev, A. A.

2017-10-01

In the present work, a combined method is considered for the production of a metal-matrix composite coating based on Ni and B4C. The coating is created by consistently applied methods: cold spray and laser cladding. Main focus of this work aimed to microstructure of coatings, element content and morphology of laser tracks. At this stage, the authors focused on the interaction of the laser unit with the substance without affecting the layer-growing technology products. It is shown that coating has deformed particles of nickel and the significantly decreased content of ceramic particles B4C after cold spray. After laser cladding there are no boundaries between nickel and dramatically changes in ceramic particles.

Deaf individuals who work with computers present a high level of visual attention

PubMed Central

Ribeiro, Paula Vieira; Ribas, Valdenilson Ribeiro; Ribas, Renata de Melo Guerra; de Melo, Teresinha de Jesus Oliveira Guimarães; Marinho, Carlos Antonio de Sá; Silva, Kátia Karina do Monte; de Albuquerque, Elizabete Elias; Ribas, Valéria Ribeiro; de Lima, Renata Mirelly Silva; Santos, Tuthcha Sandrelle Botelho Tavares

2011-01-01

Some studies in the literature indicate that deaf individuals seem to develop a higher level of attention and concentration during the process of constructing of different ways of communicating. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of attention in individuals deaf from birth that worked with computers. Methods A total of 161 individuals in the 18-25 age group were assessed. Of these, 40 were congenitally deaf individuals that worked with computers, 42 were deaf individuals that did not work, did not know how to use nor used computers (Control 1), 39 individuals with normal hearing that did not work, did not know how to use computers nor used them (Control 2), and 40 individuals with normal hearing that worked with computers (Control 3). Results The group of subjects deaf from birth that worked with computers (IDWC) presented a higher level of focused attention, sustained attention, mental manipulation capacity and resistance to interference compared to the control groups. Conclusion This study highlights the relevance sensory to cognitive processing. PMID:29213734

Finding joy in social work. II: Intrapersonal sources.

PubMed

Pooler, David Kenneth; Wolfer, Terry; Freeman, Miriam

2014-07-01

Despite the social work profession's strengths orientation, research on its workforce tends to focus on problems (for example, depression, problem drinking, compassion fatigue, burnout). In contrast, this study explored ways in which social workers find joy in their work. The authors used an appreciative inquiry approach, semistructured interviews (N = 26), and a collaborative grounded theory method of analysis. Participants identified interpersonal (making connections and making a difference) and intrapersonal (making meaning and making a life) sources of joy and reflected significant personal initiative in the process of finding joy. The authors present findings regarding these intrapersonal sources of joy.

Experimental Verification of an Instrument to Test Flooring Materials

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Philip, Rony; Löfgren, Hans, Dr

2018-02-01

The focus of this work is to validate the fluid model with different flooring materials and the measurements of an instrument to test flooring materials and its force attenuating capabilities using mathematical models to describe the signature and coefficients of the floor. The main contribution of the present work focus on the development of a mathematical fluid model for floors. The aim of the thesis was to analyze, compare different floor materials and to study the linear dynamics of falling impacts on floors. The impact of the hammer during a fall is captured by an accelerometer and response is collected using a picoscope. The collected data was analyzed using matlab least square method which is coded as per the fluid model. The finding from this thesis showed that the fluid model works with more elastic model but it doesn’t work for rigid materials like wood. The importance of parameters like velocity, mass, energy loss and other coefficients of floor which influences the model during the impact of falling on floors were identified and a standardized testing method was set.

Human area MT+ shows load-dependent activation during working memory maintenance with continuously morphing stimulation.

PubMed

Galashan, Daniela; Fehr, Thorsten; Kreiter, Andreas K; Herrmann, Manfred

2014-07-11

Initially, human area MT+ was considered a visual area solely processing motion information but further research has shown that it is also involved in various different cognitive operations, such as working memory tasks requiring motion-related information to be maintained or cognitive tasks with implied or expected motion.In the present fMRI study in humans, we focused on MT+ modulation during working memory maintenance using a dynamic shape-tracking working memory task with no motion-related working memory content. Working memory load was systematically varied using complex and simple stimulus material and parametrically increasing retention periods. Activation patterns for the difference between retention of complex and simple memorized stimuli were examined in order to preclude that the reported effects are caused by differences in retrieval. Conjunction analysis over all delay durations for the maintenance of complex versus simple stimuli demonstrated a wide-spread activation pattern. Percent signal change (PSC) in area MT+ revealed a pattern with higher values for the maintenance of complex shapes compared to the retention of a simple circle and with higher values for increasing delay durations. The present data extend previous knowledge by demonstrating that visual area MT+ presents a brain activity pattern usually found in brain regions that are actively involved in working memory maintenance.

Dual n-back training increases the capacity of the focus of attention.

PubMed

Lilienthal, Lindsey; Tamez, Elaine; Shelton, Jill Talley; Myerson, Joel; Hale, Sandra

2013-02-01

Working memory (WM) training has been reported to benefit abilities as diverse as fluid intelligence (Jaeggi et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 105:6829-6833, 2008) and reading comprehension (Chein & Morrison, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 17:193-199, 2010), but transfer is not always observed (for reviews, see Morrison & Chein, Psychonomics Bulletin & Review, 18:46-60, 2011; Shipstead et al., Psychological Bulletin, 138:628-654, 2012). In contrast, recent WM training studies have consistently reported improvement on the trained tasks. The basis for these training benefits has received little attention, however, and it is not known which WM components and/or processes are being improved. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate five possible mechanisms underlying the effects of adaptive dual n-back training on working memory (i.e., improvements in executive attention, updating, and focus switching, as well as increases in the capacity of the focus of attention and short-term memory). In addition to a no-contact control group, the present study also included an active control group whose members received nonadaptive training on the same task. All three groups showed significant improvements on the n-back task from pretest to posttest, but adaptive training produced larger improvements than did nonadaptive training, which in turn produced larger improvements than simply retesting. Adaptive, but not nonadaptive, training also resulted in improvements on an untrained running span task that measured the capacity of the focus of attention. No other differential improvements were observed, suggesting that increases in the capacity of the focus of attention underlie the benefits of adaptive dual n-back training.

Topics in black holes and quantum cosmology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Campiglia, Miguel

2012-06-01

Black holes and the big bang beginning of the universe are among the most spectacular predictions of general relativity, having a broad impact that ranges from observational astronomy to quantum gravity. In this thesis we will focus on classical and quantum aspects of these subjects: In the first part we present a coordinate-free way of describing the approach to equilibrium of black holes within the framework of dynamical and isolated horizons. In the second part we focus on loop quantum cosmology. We present a uniqueness theorem of its kinematics, and explore the possible ways to implement its dynamics via path integrals.¹ ¹The topics presented here form part of the research done during my PhD studies. See the Vita at the end of the Thesis for a complete list of my work during this period.

Thermal management and design for optical refrigeration

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Symonds, G.; Farfan, B. G.; Ghasemkhani, M. R.; Albrecht, A. R.; Sheik-Bahae, M.; Epstein, R. I.

2016-03-01

We present our recent work in developing a robust and versatile optical refrigerator. This work focuses on minimizing parasitic energy losses through efficient design and material optimization. The cooler's thermal linkage system and housing are studied using thermal analysis software to minimize thermal gradients through the device. Due to the extreme temperature differences within the device, material selection and characterization are key to constructing an efficient device. We describe the design constraints and material selections necessary for thermally efficient and durable optical refrigeration.

Would Virchow be a systems biologist? A discourse on the philosophy of science with implications for pathological research.

PubMed

Stenzinger, Albrecht; Klauschen, Frederick; Wittschieber, Daniel; Weichert, Wilko; Denkert, Carsten; Dietel, Manfred; Roller, Claudio

2010-06-01

Research in pathology spans from merely descriptive work to functional studies, "-omics" approaches and, more recently, systems biology. The work presented here aims at placing pathological research into an epistemological context. Aided by Rudolf Virchow, we give an overview on the philosophy of science including the Wiener Kreis, Popper, Kuhn, Fleck and Rheinberger and demonstrate their implications for routine diagnostics and science in pathology. A focus is on the fields of "-omics" and systems pathology.

Analysis of human hair by Raman microspectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Plascencia-Castro, A. S.; Cordova-Fraga, T.; Piña-Ruiz, A. L.; Hernández-Rayas, A.; Bernal, J. J.

2017-04-01

Raman microspectroscopy is an optical compound identification technique, which is widely used nowadays for different field applications. A crucial part of this technique is the focus given to the sample in the microscope because it depends on which part of the sample it will analyze. In this work, the effects of irradiating a natural hair samples, obtained from women aged 18 to 55, with a monochromatic light of the Raman spectrometer in two different focus is presented. Two different spectra were obtained with a peak in common. Depending on the information wanted, how the sample is focused plays a crucial role, either way the spectra is information-rich and may be used for biomedical applications.

Why older workers work beyond the retirement age: a qualitative study.

PubMed

Sewdas, Ranu; de Wind, Astrid; van der Zwaan, Lennart G L; van der Borg, Wieke E; Steenbeek, Romy; van der Beek, Allard J; Boot, Cécile R L

2017-08-22

The aims of the present study were to: 1) gain insight into reasons for working beyond the statutory retirement age from older workers' perspectives, and 2) explore how the domains of the research framework Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM) can be applied to working beyond retirement age. A qualitative research design included individual interviews (n = 15) and three focus groups (n = 18 participants) conducted with older workers aged 65 years and older continuing in a paid job or self-employment. Interview participants were recruited from an existing STREAM cohort study. Focus group participants were recruited from companies and employment agencies. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. The most important motives for working beyond retirement age were maintaining daily routines and financial benefit. Good health and flexible work arrangements were mentioned as important preconditions. The themes emerging from the categorization of the motives and preconditions corresponded to the domains of health, work characteristics, skills and knowledge, and social and financial factors from the STREAM research framework. However, our analysis revealed one additional theme-purpose in life. This study offers important new insights into the various preconditions and motives that influence working beyond retirement age. In addition, the five domains of the STREAM research framework, including the additional domain of 'purpose in life', seem to be applicable to working beyond retirement age. This knowledge contributes to the development of work-related interventions that enhance older workers' motivation to prolong their working lives.

Service user integration into social work education: lessons learned from nordic participatory action projects.

PubMed

Angelin, Anna

2015-01-01

Service users have lacked substantial influence, access, and participation in social work education in Norway and Sweden. In this article the author presents comparative analyses of two participatory projects that have developed and implemented practices that integrate service users into academic social work education and empower service users. The Norwegian HUSK project and the Social Work as Mobilization and Entrepreneurship course, also known as the "Mobilization course," at Lund University in Sweden demonstrate collaboration between research, social work education, and service users. The conclusions focus on the importance of the empowering processes by including recognition and dialogue, co-learning in practice, and the use of neutral venues to ensure effective user participation. The inclusion of service users in social work education can improve both practice and education.

Hyperfocusing in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Interactions Between Working Memory and Eye Movements

PubMed Central

Luck, Steven J.; McClenon, Clara; Beck, Valerie M.; Hollingworth, Andrew; Leonard, Carly J.; Hahn, Britta; Robinson, Benjamin M.; Gold, James M.

2014-01-01

Recent research suggests that processing resources are focused more narrowly but more intensely in people with schizophrenia (PSZ) than in healthy control subjects (HCS), possibly reflecting local cortical circuit abnormalities. This hyperfocusing hypothesis leads to the counterintuitive prediction that, although PSZ cannot store as much information in working memory as HCS, the working memory representations that are present in PSZ may be more intense than those in HCS. To test this hypothesis, we used a task in which participants make a saccadic eye movement to a peripheral target and avoid a parafoveal nontarget while they are holding a color in working memory. Previous research with this task has shown that the parafoveal nontarget is more distracting when it matches the color being held in working memory. This effect should be enhanced in PSZ if their working memory representations are more intense. Consistent with this prediction, we found that the effect of a match between the distractor color and the memory color was larger in PSZ than in HCS. We also observed evidence that PSZ hyperfocused spatially on the region surrounding the fixation point. These results provide further evidence that some aspects of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia may be a result of a narrower and more intense focusing of processing resources. PMID:25089655

Designing clinically useful systems: examples from medicine and dentistry.

PubMed

Koch, S

2003-12-01

Despite promising results in medical informatics research and the development of a large number of different systems, few systems get beyond a prototype state and are really used in practice. Among other factors, the lack of explicit user focus is one main reason. The research projects presented in this paper follow a user-centered system development approach based on extensive work analyses in interdisciplinary working groups, taking into account human cognitive performance. Different medical and health-care specialists, together with researchers in human-computer interaction and medical informatics, specify future clinical work scenarios. Special focus is put on analysis and design of the information and communication flow and on exploration of intuitive visualization and interaction techniques for clinical information. Adequate choice of the technical access device is made depending on the user's work situation. It is the purpose of this paper to apply this method in two different research projects and thereby to show its potential for designing clinically useful systems that do support and not hamper clinical work. These research projects cover IT support for chairside work in dentistry (http://www.dis.uu.se/mdi/research/projects/orquest) and ICT support for home health care of elderly citizens (http://www.medsci.uu.se/mie/project/closecare).

Working with layers: The governance and regulation of healthcare quality in an institutionally layered system

PubMed Central

Stoopendaal, Annemiek; Bal, Roland

2016-01-01

Institutional arrangements used to steer public policies have increasingly become layered. Inspired by the literature on institutional layering and institutional work, this paper aims to make a contribution to our understanding of institutional layering. We do so by studying an interesting case of layering: the Dutch hospital sector. We focus on the actors responsible for the internal governance (Board of Directors and Supervisory Boards) and the external regulation (the Healthcare Inspectorate) of hospitals. In the paper, we explore the institutional work of these actors, more specifically how institutional work results from and is influenced by institutional layering and how this in turn influences the institutional makeup of both healthcare organizations and their institutional context. Our approach allowed us to see that layering changes the activities of actors in the public sector, can be used to strengthen one’s position but also presents actors with new struggles, which they in turn can try to overcome by relating and using the institutionally layered context. Layering and institutional work are therefore in continuous interaction. Combining institutional layering with a focus on the lived experiences of actors and their institutional work makes it possible to move into the layered arrangement and better understand its consequences. PMID:28596640

Hyperfocusing in schizophrenia: Evidence from interactions between working memory and eye movements.

PubMed

Luck, Steven J; McClenon, Clara; Beck, Valerie M; Hollingworth, Andrew; Leonard, Carly J; Hahn, Britta; Robinson, Benjamin M; Gold, James M

2014-11-01

Recent research suggests that processing resources are focused more narrowly but more intensely in people with schizophrenia (PSZ) than in healthy control subjects (HCS), possibly reflecting local cortical circuit abnormalities. This hyperfocusing hypothesis leads to the counterintuitive prediction that, although PSZ cannot store as much information in working memory as HCS, the working memory representations that are present in PSZ may be more intense than those in HCS. To test this hypothesis, we used a task in which participants make a saccadic eye movement to a peripheral target and avoid a parafoveal nontarget while they are holding a color in working memory. Previous research with this task has shown that the parafoveal nontarget is more distracting when it matches the color being held in working memory. This effect should be enhanced in PSZ if their working memory representations are more intense. Consistent with this prediction, we found that the effect of a match between the distractor color and the memory color was larger in PSZ than in HCS. We also observed evidence that PSZ hyperfocused spatially on the region surrounding the fixation point. These results provide further evidence that some aspects of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia may be a result of a narrower and more intense focusing of processing resources.

The Dawn of Learning: What's Working in Early Childhood Education. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Education Reform of the Committee on Education and the Workforce. House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, First Session (July 31, 2001).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and the Workforce.

This document presents congressional testimony regarding effective early childhood education. Opening statements presented by Representatives Michael Castle and Dale Kildee focused on the need to examine the effectiveness of early childhood programs and address the "pre-achievement gap" between disadvantaged and advantaged preschoolers.…

The Child Abuse Matter and the Major Role Played by the Teacher: Issues Raised by a Pilot Focus Group Sample of Primary Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vitalaki, Elena

2013-01-01

A great deal of attention is now being paid to issues raised by child abuse. Recent reports, enquiries and relevant agencies have all recognized the important role played by teachers in aiding the detection and prevention of child abuse, due to their close everyday contact with children. The result of the ideas presented in the present work was…

Hypersonic Experimental and Computational Capability, Improvement and Validation. Volume 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Muylaert, Jean (Editor); Kumar, Ajay (Editor); Dujarric, Christian (Editor)

1998-01-01

The results of the phase 2 effort conducted under AGARD Working Group 18 on Hypersonic Experimental and Computational Capability, Improvement and Validation are presented in this report. The first volume, published in May 1996, mainly focused on the design methodology, plans and some initial results of experiments that had been conducted to serve as validation benchmarks. The current volume presents the detailed experimental and computational data base developed during this effort.

Data Comm Flight Deck Human-in-the-Loop Simulation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lozito, Sandra; Martin, Lynne Hazel; Sharma, Shivanjli; Kaneshige, John T.; Dulchinos, Victoria

2012-01-01

This presentation discusses an upcoming simulation for data comm in the terminal area. The purpose of the presentation is to provide the REDAC committee with a summary of some of the work in Data Comm that is being sponsored by the FAA. The focus of the simulation is upon flight crew human performance variables, such as crew procedures, timing and errors. The simulation is scheduled to be conducted in Sept 2012.

From Narratives to Numbers: Data Work and Patient-Generated Health Data in Consultations.

PubMed

Lindroth, Tomas; Islind, Anna Sigridur; Steineck, Gunnar; Lundin, Johan

2018-01-01

This article presents preliminary findings on how the introduction of patient-generated health data (PGHD) triggers changes during patient-nurse consultations. This article builds on a two-year case study, examining the work practice at a cancer rehabilitation clinic at a Swedish Hospital using PGHD. The study focuses on how nurses' use data, gathered by patients with a mobile phone app, during consultations. The use of PGHD introduce a change in the translation work, the work of turning rich patient descriptions and transform them into data, during the consultation for documentation and clinical decision-making. This change affects precision, questions asked and the use of visualizations as well as the patient-nurse decision making.

Time representations in social science

PubMed Central

Schulz, Yvan

2012-01-01

Time has long been a major topic of study in social science, as in other sciences or in philosophy. Social scientists have tended to focus on collective representations of time, and on the ways in which these representations shape our everyday experiences. This contribution addresses work from such disciplines as anthropology, sociology and history. It focuses on several of the main theories that have preoccupied specialists in social science, such as the alleged “acceleration” of life and overgrowth of the present in contemporary Western societies, or the distinction between so-called linear and circular conceptions of time. The presentation of these theories is accompanied by some of the critiques they have provoked, in order to enable the reader to form her or his own opinion of them. PMID:23393420

[Positive occupational health psychology: an introduction].

PubMed

Bakker, Arnold B; Rodríguez-Muñoz, Alfredo

2012-02-01

This article introduces the monographic section on Positive Occupational Health Psychology (POHP), presenting eight theoretical and empirical papers about diverse topics. Traditionally, research on occupational health has mainly been focused on causes of diseases and on identifying and preventing work factors related to worker's impaired health. However, this biased view may not provide a complete understanding of the mechanisms that lead to employee well-being and performance. We discuss the differences of POHP with similar constructs, and review reasons for its importance in the development of this field. Overall, the studies included in the monographic section show the usefulness of focusing on positive constructs, and present ideas and questions that we hope may help to further our progress in the field of POHP.

Fashion showcases design: perceptions of the showcase in the brazilian popular market

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pinto, S. S. D.; Cunha, J.; Quental, J.; Buhamra, C.

2017-10-01

The present work aims to present the showcase, its relation with the building, with fashion and with the observer. The importance of this exhibition space extends from the aesthetic and communication functions to be part of a wide textile and clothing chain. This role integrates the whole cycle of creation, textiles, clothing and fashion accessories. For this article we used bibliographical references of design and fashion, as well as methodologies of photographic and ethnographic documentation, with application of focus groups. From the focus groups were identified descriptors related to emotional design. Such descriptors point to the emotions arising from memories, tastes and attitudes. These factors can lead to decisions and assist the wider knowledge of the target audience.

Time representations in social science.

PubMed

Schulz, Yvan

2012-12-01

Time has long been a major topic of study in social science, as in other sciences or in philosophy. Social scientists have tended to focus on collective representations of time, and on the ways in which these representations shape our everyday experiences. This contribution addresses work from such disciplines as anthropology, sociology and history. It focuses on several of the main theories that have preoccupied specialists in social science, such as the alleged "acceleration" of life and overgrowth of the present in contemporary Western societies, or the distinction between so-called linear and circular conceptions of time. The presentation of these theories is accompanied by some of the critiques they have provoked, in order to enable the reader to form her or his own opinion of them.

Review of numerical models of cavitating flows with the use of the homogeneous approach

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Niedźwiedzka, Agnieszka; Schnerr, Günter H.; Sobieski, Wojciech

2016-06-01

The focus of research works on cavitation has changed since the 1960s; the behaviour of a single bubble is no more the area of interest for most scientists. Its place was taken by the cavitating flow considered as a whole. Many numerical models of cavitating flows came into being within the space of the last fifty years. They can be divided into two groups: multi-fluid and homogeneous (i.e., single-fluid) models. The group of homogenous models contains two subgroups: models based on transport equation and pressure based models. Several works tried to order particular approaches and presented short reviews of selected studies. However, these classifications are too rough to be treated as sufficiently accurate. The aim of this paper is to present the development paths of numerical investigations of cavitating flows with the use of homogeneous approach in order of publication year and with relatively detailed description. Each of the presented model is accompanied by examples of the application area. This review focuses not only on the list of the most significant existing models to predict sheet and cloud cavitation, but also on presenting their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, it shows the reasons which inspired present authors to look for new ways of more accurate numerical predictions and dimensions of cavitation. The article includes also the division of source terms of presented models based on the transport equation with the use of standardized symbols.

Examples of challenges and opportunities in visual analysis in the digital humanities

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rushmeier, Holly; Pintus, Ruggero; Yang, Ying; Wong, Christiana; Li, David

2015-03-01

The massive digitization of books and manuscripts has converted millions of works that were once only physical into electronic documents. This conversion has made it possible for scholars to study large bodies of work, rather than just individual texts. This has offered new opportunities for scholarship in the humanities. Much previous work on digital collections has relied on optical character recognition and focused on the textual content of books. New work is emerging that is analyzing the visual layout and content of books and manuscripts. We present two different digital humanities projects in progress that present new opportunities for extracting data about the past, with new challenges for designing systems for scholars to interact with this data. The first project we consider is the layout and spectral content of thousands of pages from medieval manuscripts. We present the techniques used to study content variations in sets of similar manuscripts, and to study material variations that may indicate the location of manuscript production. The second project is the analysis of representations in the complete archive of Vogue magazine over 120 years. We present samples of applying computer vision techniques to understanding the changes in representation of women over time.

Crystalline and Crystalline International Disposal Activities

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Viswanathan, Hari S.; Chu, Shaoping; Dittrich, Timothy M.

This report presents the results of work conducted between September 2015 and July 2016 at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the crystalline disposal and crystalline international disposal work packages of the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) for DOE-NE’s Fuel Cycle Research and Development program. Los Alamos focused on two main activities during this period: Discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling to describe flow and radionuclide transport in complex fracture networks that are typical of crystalline rock environments, and a comprehensive interpretation of three different colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport experiments conducted in a fractured granodiorite at the Grimsel Test Site in Switzerland betweenmore » 2002 and 2013. Chapter 1 presents the results of the DFN work and is divided into three main sections: (1) we show results of our recent study on the correlation between fracture size and fracture transmissivity (2) we present an analysis and visualization prototype using the concept of a flow topology graph for characterization of discrete fracture networks, and (3) we describe the Crystalline International work in support of the Swedish Task Force. Chapter 2 presents interpretation of the colloidfacilitated radionuclide transport experiments in the crystalline rock at the Grimsel Test Site.« less

Neurofibromatosis: chronological history and current issues.

PubMed

Antônio, João Roberto; Goloni-Bertollo, Eny Maria; Trídico, Lívia Arroyo

2013-01-01

Neurofibromatosis, which was first described in 1882 by Von Recklinghausen, is a genetic disease characterized by a neuroectodermal abnormality and by clinical manifestations of systemic and progressive involvement which mainly affect the skin, nervous system, bones, eyes and possibly other organs. The disease may manifest in several ways and it can vary from individual to individual. Given the wealth of information about neurofibromatosis, we attempted to present this information in different ways. In the first part of this work, we present a chronological history, which describes the evolution of the disease since the early publications about the disorder until the conclusion of this work, focusing on relevant aspects which can be used by those wishing to investigate this disease. In the second part, we present an update on the various aspects that constitute this disease.

Neurofibromatosis: chronological history and current issues*

PubMed Central

Antônio, João Roberto; Goloni-Bertollo, Eny Maria; Trídico, Lívia Arroyo

2013-01-01

Neurofibromatosis, which was first described in 1882 by Von Recklinghausen, is a genetic disease characterized by a neuroectodermal abnormality and by clinical manifestations of systemic and progressive involvement which mainly affect the skin, nervous system, bones, eyes and possibly other organs. The disease may manifest in several ways and it can vary from individual to individual. Given the wealth of information about neurofibromatosis, we attempted to present this information in different ways. In the first part of this work, we present a chronological history, which describes the evolution of the disease since the early publications about the disorder until the conclusion of this work, focusing on relevant aspects which can be used by those wishing to investigate this disease. In the second part, we present an update on the various aspects that constitute this disease. PMID:23793209

Sleep loss and accidents--work hours, life style, and sleep pathology.

PubMed

Akerstedt, Torbjörn; Philip, Pierre; Capelli, Aurore; Kecklund, Göran

2011-01-01

A very important outcome of reduced sleep is accidents. The present chapter will attempt to bring together some of the present knowledge in this area. We will focus on the driving situation, for which the evidence of the link between sleep loss and accidents is quite well established, but we will also bring up working life in general where evidence is more sparse. It should be emphasized that reduced sleep as a cause of accidents implies that the mediating factor is sleepiness (or fatigue). This link is discussed elsewhere in this volume, but here we will bring in sleepiness (subjective or physiological) as an explanatory factor of accidents. Another central observation is that many real life accident studies do not link accidents to reduced sleep, but infer reduced sleep and/or sleepiness from the context, like, for example, from work schedules, life styles, or sleep pathology. Reduced sleep is mainly due to suboptimal work schedules (or to a suboptimal life style) or to sleep pathology. We have divided the present chapter into two areas. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Teacher leadership in mathematics and science: Subject content knowledge and the improvement of instruction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Manno, Christopher M.

This study explores the role of teacher leader subject content knowledge in the promotion of professional development and instructional reform. Consistent with a distributed leadership perspective, many have asserted that the promotion of school effectiveness can be enhanced through the application of teacher leadership (Frost & Durrant, 2003; Harris, 2002a; Sherrill, 1999; Silva, Gimbert, & Nolan, 2000; York-Barr & Duke, 2004). There has been much discussion in the research about the significance of teachers' subject content knowledge in teaching and learning which has generally asserted a positive relationship with instructional practice and student achievement (Darling-Hammond, 2000; Newton & Newton, 2001; Parker & Heywood, 2000). The role of content knowledge in teacher leader work has been less researched. This study focused on deepening understanding of perceptions regarding teacher leaders' roles in improving instructional practice. Based on a framework of common teacher leader tasks, qualitative methods were used to investigate the relationship between teacher leader subject content knowledge and perceptions of effectiveness in promoting professional development and instructional reform. The study indicates that content experts behave differently than their non-expert counterparts. Content experts recognize deficiencies in colleagues' content knowledge as a primary problem in the implementation of math or science reform. Content experts view their work as advocacy for improved curriculum and instruction for all children, and work within a small set of task categories to promote discussions about teaching, learning, and content. Content experts develop trust and rapport with colleagues by demonstrating expertise, and are respected for their deep knowledge and efforts to help teachers learn the content. They also differ from non-content experts in the professional growth experiences in which they engage. The consideration of content expertise as an influence to teacher leader work helps to refine our conception of teacher leadership. A task-focused model of content expert teacher leadership is presented, and provides guidance for recruitment, selection, and development of future teacher leaders. Content expertise is presented as a form of human capital that promotes task-focused distributed leadership. Practical recommendations for future teacher leadership initiatives and suggestions for future research are presented.

Preliminary Results Of A 600 Joules Small Plasma Focus Device

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lee, S. H.; Yap, S. L.; Wong, C. S.

Preliminary results of a 600 J (3.7 muF, 18 kV) Mather type plasma focus device operated at low pressure will be presented. The discharge is formed between a solid anode with length of 6 cm and six symmetrically and coaxially arranged cathode rods of same lengths. The cathode base is profiled in a knife-edge design and a set of coaxial plasma gun are attached to it in order to initiate the breakdown and enhance the current sheath formation. The experiments have been performed in argon gas under a low pressure condition of several microbars. The discharge current and the voltagemore » across the electrodes during the discharge are measured with high voltage probe and current coil. The current and voltage characteristics are used to determine the possible range of operating pressure that gives good focusing action. At a narrow pressure regime of 9.0+-0.5 mubar, focusing action is observed with good reproducibility. Preliminary result of ion beam energy is presented. More work will be carried out to investigate the radiation output.« less

The effects of sequential attention shifts within visual working memory

PubMed Central

Li, Qi; Saiki, Jun

2014-01-01

Previous studies have shown conflicting data as to whether it is possible to sequentially shift spatial attention among visual working memory (VWM) representations. The present study investigated this issue by asynchronously presenting attentional cues during the retention interval of a change detection task. In particular, we focused on two types of sequential attention shifts: (1) orienting attention to one location, and then withdrawing attention from it, and (2) switching the focus of attention from one location to another. In Experiment 1, a withdrawal cue was presented after a spatial retro-cue to measure the effect of withdrawing attention. The withdrawal cue significantly reduced the cost of invalid spatial cues, but surprisingly, did not attenuate the benefit of valid spatial cues. This indicates that the withdrawal cue only triggered the activation of facilitative components but not inhibitory components of attention. In Experiment 2, two spatial retro-cues were presented successively to examine the effect of switching the focus of attention. We observed equivalent benefits of the first and second spatial cues, suggesting that participants were able to reorient attention from one location to another within VWM, and the reallocation of attention did not attenuate memory at the first-cued location. In Experiment 3, we found that reducing the validity of the preceding spatial cue did lead to a significant reduction in its benefit. However, performance was still better at first-cued locations than at uncued and neutral locations, indicating that the first cue benefit might have been preserved both partially under automatic control and partially under voluntary control. Our findings revealed new properties of dynamic attentional control in VWM maintenance. PMID:25237306

An approach of the exact linearization techniques to analysis of population dynamics of the mosquito Aedes aegypti.

PubMed

Dos Reis, Célia A; Florentino, Helenice de O; Cólon, Diego; Rosa, Suélia R Fleury; Cantane, Daniela R

2018-05-01

Dengue fever, chikungunya and zika are caused by different viruses and mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. These diseases have received special attention of public health officials due to the large number of infected people in tropical and subtropical countries and the possible sequels that those diseases can cause. In severe cases, the infection can have devastating effects, affecting the central nervous system, muscles, brain and respiratory system, often resulting in death. Vaccines against these diseases are still under development and, therefore, current studies are focused on the treatment of diseases and vector (mosquito) control. This work focuses on this last topic, and presents the analysis of a mathematical model describing the population dynamics of Aedes aegypti, as well as present the design of a control law for the mosquito population (vector control) via exact linearization techniques and optimal control. This control strategy optimizes the use of resources for vector control, and focuses on the aquatic stage of the mosquito life. Theoretical and computational results are also presented. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Concurrent working memory load can facilitate selective attention: evidence for specialized load.

PubMed

Park, Soojin; Kim, Min-Shik; Chun, Marvin M

2007-10-01

Load theory predicts that concurrent working memory load impairs selective attention and increases distractor interference (N. Lavie, A. Hirst, J. W. de Fockert, & E. Viding). Here, the authors present new evidence that the type of concurrent working memory load determines whether load impairs selective attention or not. Working memory load was paired with a same/different matching task that required focusing on targets while ignoring distractors. When working memory items shared the same limited-capacity processing mechanisms with targets in the matching task, distractor interference increased. However, when working memory items shared processing with distractors in the matching task, distractor interference decreased, facilitating target selection. A specialized load account is proposed to describe the dissociable effects of working memory load on selective processing depending on whether the load overlaps with targets or with distractors. (c) 2007 APA

Focus on the Essentials of Reading Instruction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frager, Alan M.; Frye, Elizabeth A.

2010-01-01

The reading instruction of beginning teachers needs to be assessed according to the teacher's use of practices that work. Therefore, a rubric that specifically looks for best practices is presented to be used in both formative and summative evaluations of beginning teachers' reading instruction. The criteria are based on the vision of a highly…

Presenting International Literature through Author Studies and Author Pairings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lynch-Brown, Carol; Tomlinson, Carl M.

1997-01-01

Discusses the value of international books as a source of literature for middle school students. Considers the benefits of international books, and instructional strategies including focusing on an international author and author pairings. Provides an annotated list of works by Robin Klein, John Marsden, Uri Orlev, Anthony Browne, and Jorg Muller.…

Structural Biology of Tumor Necrosis Factor Demonstrated for Undergraduates Instruction by Computer Simulation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roy, Urmi

2016-01-01

This work presents a three-dimensional (3D) modeling exercise for undergraduate students in chemistry and health sciences disciplines, focusing on a protein-group linked to immune system regulation. Specifically, the exercise involves molecular modeling and structural analysis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) proteins, both wild type and mutant. The…

Decolonial Pedagogies Walking and Asking. Notes to Paulo Freire from Abyayala

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walsh, Catherine E.

2015-01-01

Catherine Walsh is senior professor and director of the doctoral programme in Latin American Cultural Studies at the Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar in Ecuador. Her present work is focused on the political, epistemic and ethical project of critical interculturality, and on concerns of decoloniality, taking as key the themes of knowledge,…

Career Planner. A Guide for Students with Disabilities. Second Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Gwen J.; And Others

This handbook is intended as a guide for disabled career planners who wish to enter the work force. The introduction presents basic steps for gathering information about oneself and about jobs. Chapter 1 discusses collecting health/medical information. A sample form is provided. Chapter 2 focuses on collecting vocational information, which…

Exploring the Impact of a Professional Practice Education Doctorate in Educational Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kumar, Swapna; Dawson, Kara

2013-01-01

This article presents one approach to assessing the impact of an online professional practice doctorate in education on participants' work environments. It is unique in that it explored impact during the doctoral program, before participants began their dissertation research, and it focused on how participants apply learning from the program…

Silicon Power MOSFETs

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lauenstein, Jean-Marie; Casey, Megan; Campola, Michael; Ladbury, Raymond; Label, Kenneth; Wilcox, Ted; Phan, Anthony; Kim, Hak; Topper, Alyson

2017-01-01

Recent work for the NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Program Power MOSFET task is presented. The Task technology focus, roadmap, and partners are given. Recent single-event effect test results on commercial, automotive, and radiation hardened trench power MOSFETs are summarized with an emphasis on risk of using commercial and automotive trench-gate power MOSFETs in space applications.

ALPHA: A Case Study in Upgrading.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Granick, Leonard P. R.; And Others

An industry-focused upgrading model, based upon job redesigns of entry-level and higher skill positions and a multi-step diagonal/vertical progression ladder was installed in a company having a 150-employee blue collar work force. The model provided for rapid promotion and wage increases of both present employees and new hires, supported by skills…

Career Development for Speech Communication Majors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Arlee W.

A change in the focus of the speech communication program at Oklahoma State University (OSU) resulted from recognition during the late 1960s that the only growth potential for the speech communication field was in preparing students for work in nonacademic settings. This paper presents the current status of the program at OSU and discusses the…

Working for Clean Water, 2: Citizen Handbooks. An Information Program for Advisory Groups.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stoltzfus, Lorna Chr., Ed.

Presented is material from an information program designed to help citizen advisory groups and local officials improve decision-making in water quality planning. This program is aimed at helping people focus on essential issues and questions by providing materials suitable for persons with non-technical backgrounds. The following chapters are…

Working Together for Preparedness

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Exceptional Parent, 2006

2006-01-01

This article presents an interview with Daniel W. Sutherland, Officer for Civil Rights & Civil Liberties, Department of Homeland Security, to discuss some of the Department's future goals related to emergency preparedness for people with special needs and to find out how citizens can help in that quest. This article also focuses on topics such as:…

History of Science and Science Museums

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Faria, Cláudia; Guilherme, Elsa; Gaspar, Raquel; Boaventura, Diana

2015-01-01

The activities presented in this paper, which are addressed to elementary school, are focused on the pioneering work of the Portuguese King Carlos I in oceanography and involve the exploration of the exhibits belonging to two different science museums, the Aquarium Vasco da Gama and the Maritime Museum. Students were asked to study fish…

[Language development: psychosocial requirements for communication].

PubMed

Clemente, R A; Villanueva, L

1999-02-01

This work describes the social and psychological characteristics of attachment adults. These features are considered as sociopsychological prerequisites for the child language development. The focus is put on the so-called no formal education, suitable for these attachment adults who are involved affectively and emotionally. Some educational strategies to be practised at home are also presented.

Challenges to Adopting and Sustaining Family-Focused Competencies in Social Work Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hooyman, Nancy

2008-01-01

Each of the presenters of the invitational symposium, State of the Science: Nurses and Social Workers Supporting Family Caregivers, identified the saliency of family caregiving issues for practice, research, and the education of professional social workers, caregivers, the business community, and the public to enhance support of family caregivers.…

Peace Issues: A Humanities Curriculum for High School, 1994-1995.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Community Unit School District #9, Granite City, IL.

This curriculum focuses on peace and justice issues while emphasizing the positive of the building of relationships. Units are developmental in approach and work from "Relating to Self" to "Relating to Others" to "Relating to Community and World." A Code of Ethics is presented to guide the unit and a section on…

Development of Early Handwriting: Visual-Motor Control during Letter Copying

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maldarelli, Jennifer E.; Kahrs, Björn A.; Hunt, Sarah C.; Lockman, Jeffrey J.

2015-01-01

Despite the importance of handwriting for school readiness and early academic progress, prior research on the development of handwriting has focused primarily on the product rather than the process by which young children write letters. In contrast, in the present work, early handwriting is viewed as involving a suite of perceptual, motor, and…

From Dependence to Autonomy. The Development of Asian Universities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Altbach, Philip G., Ed.; Selvaratnam, Viswanathan, Ed.

A collection of works on the development of Asian universities is presented, focusing on an aspect of higher education not previously analyzed: the contemporary impact of Western academic systems in Asia. Eleven papers fall into three sections following the introduction, "Twisted Roots: The Western Impact on Asian Higher Education," (P.…

"Something in the Air?" Creativity, Culture and Community

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goodley, Dan; Runswick-Cole, Katherine

2011-01-01

This paper analyses the contribution to creativity, culture and community of disabled children provided by the work of the theatre company Oily Cart and their production "Something in the Air?" In the paper, we present a radical humanist conception of disability and creativity. In order to explore disability and creativity we focus on a…

Voice, Identity, and Mathematics: Narratives of Working Class Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hodge, Lynn Liao; Harris, Ramona Gartman

2015-01-01

In this paper, we present an analysis of student interview data focusing on students' ideas about mathematics and their experiences learning mathematics. We draw on the idea of "personal identity" (Cobb, Gresalfi, & Hodge, 2009) to capture the differences and similarities in students' views of math and themselves as math learners,…

School Desegregation: A Model at Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aquila, Frank, Ed.; Stoehr, Jane, Ed.

This volume presents a series of papers by educators involved with the issues of race, sex, and national origin desegregation. The focus is on provision of equal educational opportunities and the development of quality integrated education. The papers included are: (1) "Advocating Change in the White Male Club" by Bruce Gibb and Robert Terry; (2)…

Semantic Similarity Measures for the Generation of Science Tests in Basque

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aldabe, Itziar; Maritxalar, Montse

2014-01-01

The work we present in this paper aims to help teachers create multiple-choice science tests. We focus on a scientific vocabulary-learning scenario taking place in a Basque-language educational environment. In this particular scenario, we explore the option of automatically generating Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ) by means of Natural Language…

RADIOCARBON 14C MEASUREMENTS ON ATMOSPHERIC SAMPLES OF PARTICULATE MATTER (& VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS)

EPA Science Inventory

Following a brief history of radiocarbon work at EPA since the 1980's, the presentation focuses on recent non-winter measurements for PM-2.5 in the Southeastern U.S. (Houston, TX; Nashville, TN; and particularly, Tampa, FL) and what the measurements suggest about the importance o...

When Worlds Collide: Identity, Culture and the Lived Experiences of Research When "Teaching-Led"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharp, John G.; Hemmings, Brian; Kay, Russell; Callinan, Carol

2015-01-01

This article presents detailed findings from the qualitative or interpretive phase of a mixed-methods case study focusing on the professional identities and lived experiences of research among six lecturers working in different capacities across the field of education in a "teaching-led" higher education institution. Building upon the…

Creating Political Space To Defend Chinese Workers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dongfang, Han

2002-01-01

Presents comments spoken at a human rights conference by Han Dongfang, a Chinese activist who was jailed after an attempt to organize China's first independent union from a tent in Tiananmen Square during the democracy movement. Today, he is barred from the mainland but works from Hong Kong through Radio Free Asia. Comments focus on foreign…

Present Nightmares and Realizable Futures

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morris, Doug

2010-01-01

The article reflects on the work of Henry Giroux, focusing on his latest book "Youth in a Suspect Society". It attempts to capture the experience of reading Giroux and what Giroux's critical engagements across a wide array of cultural and pedagogical formations provide in terms of assisting us in articulating substantive criticisms of and insights…

Outcome-Based School-to-Work Transition Planning for Students with Severe Disabilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Steere, Daniel E.; And Others

1990-01-01

A transition planning process that focuses on quality-of-life outcomes is presented. The process, which views employment not as an outcome but as a vehicle for the attainment of quality of life, involves six steps: orientation, personal profile development, identification of employment outcomes, measurement system, compatibility process, and…

Support Needs of the Most Vulnerable Student Groups in Non-University Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tamuliene, Rasa

2014-01-01

This article presents the research on support needs of the most vulnerable students in nonuniversity higher education. The research results have revealed that older, part-time students who have family and/or work responsibilities focus on academic information and counselling, foreign language training, distance study centre, legal counselling and…

Hold on to This!: Strategies for Teacher Feedback in Online Dance Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risner, Doug

2014-01-01

Drawn from current research on web-based learning, this practical article presents applied research and informed applications for online dance educators engaged in undergraduate and graduate dance education course work. With a focus on written assessment feedback, the author provides a review of recent literature, an overview of written feedback…

Youth as Media Art Designers: Workshops for Creative Coding

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peppler, Kylie A.; Kafai, Yasmin B.

2008-01-01

We describe our efforts to bring media arts into design work with the goals to introduce new expressive forms in programming to urban youth. We're presenting the findings from a series of workshops organized together with professional media artists that focused on immersion, interaction, color and perspective using Scratch, a media-rich…

Preparing Youth for College and Career: A Process Evaluation of Urban Alliance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theodos, Brett; Pergamit, Michael R.; Edelstein, Sara; George, Taz; Freiman, Lesley

2014-01-01

This report presents baseline and process study findings of an evaluation of the Urban Alliance high school internship program, which provides training, mentoring, and work experience to high school seniors from distressed communities in Washington, DC, Baltimore, Northern Virginia, and Chicago. The report, which focuses on the program's…

Parental Care Aids, but Parental Overprotection Hinders, College Adjustment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klein, Matthew B.; Pierce, John D., Jr.

2010-01-01

Previous work has shown that students who have troublesome relationships with their parents show higher risk factors for poorer college adjustment. In the present study, we focused on the balance between two key aspects of parenting style, parental care and overprotection, as they affect the transition to college life. Eighty-three undergraduate…

Comparison of Two Approaches for Handling Missing Covariates in Logistic Regression

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Peng, Chao-Ying Joanne; Zhu, Jin

2008-01-01

For the past 25 years, methodological advances have been made in missing data treatment. Most published work has focused on missing data in dependent variables under various conditions. The present study seeks to fill the void by comparing two approaches for handling missing data in categorical covariates in logistic regression: the…

Child Sexual Abuse: Prevention and Treatment. Continuing Education Manual.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stovall, Bennie

This self-study manual, for use by individuals or groups, was developed for social work practitioners, and focuses on total family assessment to determine prevention and treatment intervention in cases of child sexual abuse and neglect. The introduction presents the philosophy of continuing education on which the manual is based, an overview of…

Lewis Terman: Genetic Study of Genius--Elementary School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jolly, Jennifer L.

2008-01-01

Although the field of gifted education generally recognizes the foundational work of Lewis Terman, rarely does one stop to examine the details of his longitudinal study and their connection to present-day gifted education. This article reexamines the beginnings of Terman's longitudinal study with a focus on elementary-school-aged children.…

An Art Educator for All Seasons: The Many Roles of Eugenia Eckford Rhoads.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Peter

1990-01-01

Investigates the role of women in U.S. art education by focusing on the art education contributions of Eugenia Eckford Rhoads. Presents a biographical sketch and describes her published works. Questions the role of sexism in how art educators judge the success or failure of a professional career. (KM)

Teachers without Borders: Technology's Advances Bring Teaching and Learning out of Isolation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Journal of Staff Development, 2013

2013-01-01

How can schools and districts leverage technology to create effective professional learning? At Learning Forward's 2012 Annual Conference, several sessions on innovative professional development, called iPD, highlighted the emerging work of districts, organizations, and companies focused on this issue. Presented in this article are excerpts from a…

Gender and Rural Employment: A View from Latin America

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ballara, Marcela

2007-01-01

The paper focuses on women employment in rural areas and its impacts in food security. The presentation includes data on rural women employment and its different labour strategies: temporary work, non agriculture rural employment and permanent rural employment. Poverty alleviation and its impact on families as well as implications in the economic…

Using Video for Microanalysis of Teachers' Embodied Pedagogical Practices

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tobin, Joseph; Hayashi, Akiko

2015-01-01

This paper briefly reviews theories of embodiment and then provides an example from our recent work on how we use video in our comparative studies of preschools to highlight embodied and implicit cultural pedagogies. The example we present focuses on how Japanese preschool teachers use the Japanese cultural practice of "mimamoru"…

The Citizen Factor: Engaging the Language of Citizenship in a Global Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simms, Michele

2006-01-01

Teaching an MBA ethics course, Management and the Social Environment, prompted the focus of this article on citizenship and the work of social entrepreneurs--those individuals involved in a worldwide mobilization of transnational organizations called the citizen sector. The first part presents an overview on citizenship, ethics, and the role of…

Bringing Mental Health Needs into Focus through School Counseling Program Transformation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gruman, Diana H.; Marston, Toby; Koon, Holly

2013-01-01

Professional school counselors are educational leaders with training and expertise to address the mental health concerns of students. Unfortunately, work conditions at some schools can create barriers to the delivery of effective mental health services. This article presents a case of one rural, diverse high school that transformed its school…

Mainstreaming Health and Safety in Schools: Practical Insights from the Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burgos-Garcia, Antonio

2015-01-01

This study presents the results from a study funded by the Directorate General of Occupational Health and Safety, an institutional body that pertains to the Employment Council of the Regional Government of Andalusia (Spain) and Ministry of Employment and Labour (Spain). The analysis "focuses" mainly on the teachers who work in…

Portfolio Preparation Tips for Teachers, Part 2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hunter-Lombardi, Brooke

2009-01-01

In the August/September 2008 issue of "SchoolArts," the author talked about strategies for helping students develop content and good working habits to support making portfolio-quality pieces. In this article, she offers some tips which focus on the importance of critique, presentation, and selection of images to end up with a polished,…

Composing Critical Pedagogies: Teaching Writing as Revision. Refiguring English Studies Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Amy

Taking readers inside a first-year college writing classroom and inviting them to reflect on the social, interpersonal, and institutional issues being worked through in specific classroom discussions, this book presents an account of an honestly politicized college writing classroom and focuses on authentic classroom practices and actual students'…

Behavioral Talk-Write as a Method for Teaching Technical Editing.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gilbertsen, Michael; Killingsworth, M. Jimmie

1987-01-01

Presents a process-oriented method for teachers of stylistic editing workshops that allows them to (1) focus on individual students, (2) start with students basic repertory of responses and build from there, (3) work with freely emitted behavior, (4) ensure frequent and brief responses, and (5) achieve desired behavior through sequential steps.…

Overview: Performance Adaptive Aeroelastic Wing

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hashemi, Kelley

2017-01-01

An overview of recent aeroelasitc wing-shaping work at the NASA Ames Research Center is presented. The highlight focuses on activity related to the Performance Adaptive Aeroelastic Wing concept and related Variable Camber Continuous Trailing Edge Flap actuation system. Topics covered include drag-reducing configurations and online algorithms, gust and maneuver load techniques, and wind tunnel demonstrations.

Reproducible high-resolution multispectral image acquisition in dermatology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duliu, Alexandru; Gardiazabal, José; Lasser, Tobias; Navab, Nassir

2015-07-01

Multispectral image acquisitions are increasingly popular in dermatology, due to their improved spectral resolution which enables better tissue discrimination. Most applications however focus on restricted regions of interest, imaging only small lesions. In this work we present and discuss an imaging framework for high-resolution multispectral imaging on large regions of interest.

Special Education: A Reference Book for Policy & Curriculum Development. Second Edition

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Grey House Publishing, 2009

2009-01-01

A reference work that presents a chronology focusing on special education, its development, and the important issues that both positively and negatively affect the field. Updated through current events, this second edition provides an excellent introduction to special education in all of its practical aspects--how it developed, its curriculum,…

Microcomputer Resource Guide for Vocational Administrators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Georgia State Univ., Atlanta. Center for Vocational Leadership.

This guide is intended to assist vocational supervisors in expanding their knowledge of microcomputers and to provide resources to assist them in working with their faculty. Section I presents competencies deemed necessary for an administrator to use the computer as a tool in the conduct of his/her job. Section II focuses on planning for…

Writers of the American West: Multicultural Learning Encounters.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stansfield, John

This book focuses on the childhood and young adult experience of 10 of the American West's most intriguing writers. The book presents autobiographical and other primary sources, biographical sketches, teaching guidelines, and numerous curriculum-driven activities to engage young readers in the works of notable people whose lives were shaped by the…

Egyptians, Maya, Minoans. Learning Works Enrichment Series.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Matthies, Susanna

The activities in this instructional resource book are designed to be used by gifted 4-8th grade students as independent research guides or in guided or cooperative learning environments. The activities are organized in three sections which focus the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Maya, and Minoa. The activities presented encourage development of…

Using Holland's Theory in Employment Counseling: Focus on Service Occupations

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohler, Denise L.; Levinson, Edward M.

2012-01-01

This article presents the basic tenets of Holland's (1997) theory of vocational personalities and work environments and discusses its use by employment counselors in service occupations. The authors describe Holland's 6 personality types and research on the theory, as well as formal and informal assessment and counseling strategies within the…

Development and Deployment of a Library of Industrially Focused Advanced Immersive VR Learning Environments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cameron, Ian; Crosthwaite, Caroline; Norton, Christine; Balliu, Nicoleta; Tadé, Moses; Hoadley, Andrew; Shallcross, David; Barton, Geoff

2008-01-01

This work presents a unique education resource for both process engineering students and the industry workforce. The learning environment is based around spherical imagery of real operating plants coupled with interactive embedded activities and content. This Virtual Reality (VR) learning tool has been developed by applying aspects of relevant…

The Policy Determinants of Investment in Tertiary Education. OECD Economics Department Working Papers, No. 576

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Martins, Joaquim Oliveira; Boarini, Romina; Strauss, Hubert; de la Maisonneuve, Christine; Saadi, Clarice

2007-01-01

This paper assesses how policies and institutions affect private returns to invest in tertiary human capital, the ability of individuals to finance this investment and the institutional characteristics of tertiary education systems. Focusing on core tertiary education services, the paper presents new measures of private returns to tertiary…

The Unacknowledged Value of Female Academic Labour Power for Male Research Careers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Angervall, Petra; Beach, Dennis; Gustafsson, Jan

2015-01-01

Academic work in Sweden's higher education system is changing character. Distinctly different career pathways are emerging, as facilities for developing research careers and capital have become both more restricted and more dependent on external funding. These developments are in focus in the present article. Based on ethnographic research and a…

Modeling the Water Balloon Slingshot

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bousquet, Benjamin D.; Figura, Charles C.

2013-01-01

In the introductory physics courses at Wartburg College, we have been working to create a lab experience focused on the scientific process itself rather than verification of physical laws presented in the classroom or textbook. To this end, we have developed a number of open-ended modeling exercises suitable for a variety of learning environments,…

Cultural Diversity in Center-Based Childcare: Childrearing Beliefs of Professional Caregivers from Different Cultural Communities in the Netherlands

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Huijbregts, S. K.; Leseman, P. P. M.; Tavecchio, L. W. C.

2008-01-01

The present study investigated the cultural childrearing beliefs of 116 caregivers from different cultural communities in the Netherlands (Dutch, Caribbean-Dutch, and Mediterranean-Dutch), working with 2-4-year-olds in daycare centers. Cultural childrearing beliefs were assessed with standard questionnaires, focusing on general and…

At the Crossroads: Librarians on the Information Superhighway.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

White, Herbert S.

The present and future of the library profession provide the focus on this new collection of 57 of previously published articles and speeches. The essays in this work were written during a time (early 1980s to 1994) when there was significant change in librarianship. Professional issues examined range from library education, funding, personnel,…

Connect the Dots: A Dedicated System for Learning Links Teacher Teams to Student Outcomes

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ermeling, Bradley A.

2012-01-01

Establishing school-based professional learning appears so simple and straightforward during inspiring presentations at summer workshops, but keeping collaborative work focused on teaching and learning in such a way that it produces consistent results is a highly underestimated task. Investigations and experience from a group of researchers at the…

The Second Language Classroom: Directions for the 1980's.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alatis, James E.; And Others

This text is a compilation of articles focusing on second language teaching, second language learning, and learning materials. Written in honor of Dr. Mary Finocchiaro, it epitomizes her work in the field of language teaching by presenting both theory and practice in the second language classroom. The articles include (1) "What is Second Language…

Choices for a Rising Generation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Obama, Barack

2008-01-01

This article presents an essay by the 2008 Democratic Party Presidential Nominee. This essay focuses on the role of the rising generation in bringing about real change in America. The author contends that, at this historic moment, Americans must ask their rising generation to serve their country as Americans always have--by working on a political…

Competitive Strategies of States: A Life-Cycle Perspective. EQW Working Papers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flynn, Patricia M.

This paper demonstrates that production life-cycle models provide a conceptual framework to analyze systematically the interrelationships between industrial and technological change and human resources. Section II presents the life-cycle model, focusing on its implications for the types and level of employment and skill requirements in an area.…

Education Research and Reform: An International Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tomlinson, Tommy M., Ed.; Tuijnman, Albert C., Ed.

The role of governments in the operation of education research and development systems is under critical scrutiny throughout the developed world. The introductory chapter presents the main themes of a seminar held in 1992 and outlines challenges for further work. The next 10 chapters focus on education research and development issues: (1)…

Say Who You Are, Play Who You Are: Improvisation, Pedagogy, and Youth on the Margins

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willox, Ashlee Cunsolo; Heble, Ajay; Jackson, Rob; Walker, Melissa; Waterman, Ellen

2011-01-01

This paper presents a research that emerges from a set of community-based outreach activities associated with a large-scale, interdisciplinary project, Improvisation, Community, and Social Practice (ICASP), which focuses on the social and pedagogical implications of improvised musical practices. Working from the premise that musical improvisation…

Receptive Multilingualism at School: An Uneven Playing Ground?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lambelet, Amelia; Mauron, Pierre-Yves

2017-01-01

In this article, we present an analysis of individual factors that influence how well a person can read and understand a text in an unfamiliar, but closely related language--the basis of the so-called teaching of intercomprehension. Our work analyzes these relations from two normally separate perspectives. The first perspective focuses on how…

Technology Use and Mathematics Teaching: Teacher Change as Discursive Identity Work

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronaki, Anna; Matos, Anastasios

2014-01-01

Teacher change towards developing competences for technology use in mathematics teaching has been the focus of current educational reforms worldwide. However, a considerable amount of research denotes the extent to which teachers resist a full integration of technology in mathematics classrooms. The present paper is based on an ethnographic study…

Cognitive Models of Scientific Work and Their Implications for the Design of Knowledge Delivery Systems.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mavor, A. S.; And Others

Part of a sustained program that has involved the design of personally tailored information systems responsive to the needs of scientists performing common research and teaching tasks, this project focuses on the procedural and content requirements for accomplishing need diagnosis and presents these requirements as specifications for an…

Home-School Collaboration in Sweden and China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kristoffersson, Margaretha; Gu, Limin; Zhang, Yan

2013-01-01

This article is a working paper presenting a network building cooperative project between Umea University in Sweden and Zhejiang University in China. The project focuses on parents' involvement and home-school collaboration in Sweden and China and has an ambition to entail a set of empirical objectives: (1) to map and compare the systems,…

Truth, Memory, Selectivity: Understanding Historical Work by Writing Personal Histories

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koerber, Duncan

2013-01-01

This paper considers the use of a simple assignment, the personal narrative, in teaching students the discursive issues involved in doing academic history. Focusing on autobiography, I present the results of a survey of Canadian university students into their experiences with writing personal histories. Specifically, the survey asked students to…

Individual Differences in Visual Word Recognition: Insights from the English Lexicon Project

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yap, Melvin J.; Balota, David A.; Sibley, Daragh E.; Ratcliff, Roger

2012-01-01

Empirical work and models of visual word recognition have traditionally focused on group-level performance. Despite the emphasis on the prototypical reader, there is clear evidence that variation in reading skill modulates word recognition performance. In the present study, we examined differences among individuals who contributed to the English…

The relationship between masking and short-term consolidation during recall from visual working memory.

PubMed

Ricker, Timothy J; Sandry, Joshua

2018-04-10

The presentation of a similar but irrelevant stimulus immediately following presentation of a memory item is called masking. Masking is known to reduce performance on working memory tests. This is the type of memory used to hold information in mind for brief periods of time for use in ongoing cognition. Two approaches to understanding masking effects have been proposed in different literatures. Working memory researchers often assume that the reduction in working memory performance after masking is because masking interferes with a transient sensory representation that is needed to complete consolidation into a working memory state. Researchers focused on the attentional blink, a finding that attention cannot be directed to new stimuli during working memory consolidation, have an alternative theory. Attentional blink researchers assume that masking slows the short-term consolidation process, thereby extending the length of the attentional blink. In two experiments, we contrast these two approaches to explaining masking effects and investigate the validity of both hypotheses. Some aspects of both approaches are validated, but neither theoretical perspective alone sufficiently explains the entire pattern of results. © 2018 New York Academy of Sciences.

Survival, Signaling, and Security: Foster Carers' and Residential Carers' Accounts of Self-Harming Practices Among Children and Young People in Care.

PubMed

Evans, Rhiannon E

2018-05-01

Research on clinicians' interpretations of self-harming practices has shown that they can often be negative. To date there has been limited consideration of other professionals' narratives, notably those working in social care. This article presents focus group and interview data generated with foster carers ( n = 15) and residential carers ( n = 15) to explore the symbolic meanings ascribed to self-harm among the children and young people they care for. Three repertoires of interpretation are presented: survival, which conceives self-harm as a mechanism for redefining the identity of "looked-after"; signaling, which understands self-harm as a communicative tool for the expression of emotion; and security, which sees self-harming practices as testing the authenticity and safety of the caring relationship. Through their focus on sociocultural narratives, carers position themselves as experts on self-harm due to their intimacy with young people's social worlds. This construction potentially creates distance from health professionals, which is problematic given the current privileging of interprofessional working.

Feasibility of MHD submarine propulsion

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Doss, E.D.; Sikes, W.C.

1992-09-01

This report describes the work performed during Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the collaborative research program established between Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company (NNS). Phase I of the program focused on the development of computer models for Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) propulsion. Phase 2 focused on the experimental validation of the thruster performance models and the identification, through testing, of any phenomena which may impact the attractiveness of this propulsion system for shipboard applications. The report discusses in detail the work performed in Phase 2 of the program. In Phase 2, a two Teslamore » test facility was designed, built, and operated. The facility test loop, its components, and their design are presented. The test matrix and its rationale are discussed. Representative experimental results of the test program are presented, and are compared to computer model predictions. In general, the results of the tests and their comparison with the predictions indicate that thephenomena affecting the performance of MHD seawater thrusters are well understood and can be accurately predicted with the developed thruster computer models.« less

Accessing Information in Working Memory: Can the Focus of Attention Grasp Two Elements at the Same Time?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oberauer, Klaus; Bialkova, Svetlana

2009-01-01

Processing information in working memory requires selective access to a subset of working-memory contents by a focus of attention. Complex cognition often requires joint access to 2 items in working memory. How does the focus select 2 items? Two experiments with an arithmetic task and 1 with a spatial task investigate time demands for successive…

Recent Advances in Skin-Inspired Sensors Enabled by Nanotechnology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Loh, Kenneth J.; Azhari, Faezeh

2012-07-01

The highly optimized performance of nature's creations and biological assemblies has inspired the development of their bio-inspired artificial counterparts that can potentially outperform conventional systems. In particular, the skin of humans, animals, and insects exhibits unique functionalities and properties and has subsequently led to active research in developing skin-inspired sensors. This paper presents a summary of selected work related to skin-inspired tactile, distributed strain, and artificial hair cell flow sensors, with a particular focus on technologies enabled by recent advancements in the nanotechnology domain. The purpose is not to present a comprehensive review on this broad subject matter but rather to use selected work to outline the diversity of current research activities.

Modern Earthworks and Their Cosmic Embrace

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hatch, J. G.

2011-06-01

This paper examines the use of sky imagery in a number of modern Earthworks. They range from Robert Smithson's Spiral Jetty (1970), Robert Morris' Observatory (1971), Nancy Holt's Sun Tunnels (1973-76), to ongoing manifestations like Charles Ross' Star Axis (1971-present) and James Turrell's Roden Crater Project (1974-present). My interest in discussing these various works is to look at why so many of them have focused on the firmament, what factors contributed to this interest, their specific meaning, what the various sites of these works have offered, and last but not least, their possible relationship to past Earth projects, like Stonehenge and Machu Picchu, for example, that have also embraced the sky as their subject.

Boscovich: his geodetic and cartographic studies.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Crippa, B.; Forcella, V.; Mussio, L.

The name of Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich has many spellings: the Croatian Boscovič, linked to his Dalmatian origin, becomes Boscowich in German. Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich lived and worked in many cities: Rome, Pavia, Venice, Paris, London, Warsaw, Saint Petersburg and Constantinople, where he carried out diplomatic missions. He was a Jesuit and studied mathematics, physics, astronomy, geodesy, and cartography. His studies in geodesy and cartography were developed in Italy: he measured the meridian between Rome and Rimini, he worked on the new map of the Papal State and he designed the Brera Observatory. In the first part of the present work, we present Boscovich's activities from a chronological point of view. In the second part, we focus on two specific arguments, related to geodesy and cartography: the new map of the Papal State and an attempt to rebuild the associated triangulation.

Results of the pilot proof of the inquiry activities conducted in the science center

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kireš, Marián; BilišÅanská, Mária

2017-01-01

The science center SteelPARK Košice offers more than 60 interactive exhibits focused on presenting scientific principles and technical solutions connected to the production and manufacture of steel, research of its properties and its various industrial uses. We are trying to enhance the attractivity of the modern style of the exhibitions and its potential to engage students of ground and middle schools in acquiring new knowledge and capabilities, by means of the inquiry science center. Two laboratory measurements, for 5 three-person teams are provided once a month. During the introductory discussion on the activity, they are asked to answer a series of conceptual questions, which help determine their level of understanding at the beginning of the exercise. The measurements are based in guided inquiry, where the work progress is given a forehand, but the desired result is not. Every activity is focused on developing specific research capabilities. This is being monitored through a self-evaluation card, which every participants is required to fill out immediately after completing the activity. The work is tutored by a lecturer from the students of didactics. During two years and running 15 different activities, we have been able to gather information from more than 6000 students of ground and middle schools. Specific physics measurements, their respective conceptual questions, worksheets and final reports are being presented in this article. We evaluate the present level of conceptual understanding based on the acquired data and give recommendation to teachers on ways to improve the student's capabilities. The teacher, by way of observing the activity, the work of the lecturer and the students, is able to form an understanding of the inquiry activity for their own school practice, for which he/she can use all available methodical and work materials.

Development of Flight-Test Performance Estimation Techniques for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCrink, Matthew Henry

This dissertation provides a flight-testing framework for assessing the performance of fixed-wing, small-scale unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) by leveraging sub-system models of components unique to these vehicles. The development of the sub-system models, and their links to broader impacts on sUAS performance, is the key contribution of this work. The sub-system modeling and analysis focuses on the vehicle's propulsion, navigation and guidance, and airframe components. Quantification of the uncertainty in the vehicle's power available and control states is essential for assessing the validity of both the methods and results obtained from flight-tests. Therefore, detailed propulsion and navigation system analyses are presented to validate the flight testing methodology. Propulsion system analysis required the development of an analytic model of the propeller in order to predict the power available over a range of flight conditions. The model is based on the blade element momentum (BEM) method. Additional corrections are added to the basic model in order to capture the Reynolds-dependent scale effects unique to sUAS. The model was experimentally validated using a ground based testing apparatus. The BEM predictions and experimental analysis allow for a parameterized model relating the electrical power, measurable during flight, to the power available required for vehicle performance analysis. Navigation system details are presented with a specific focus on the sensors used for state estimation, and the resulting uncertainty in vehicle state. Uncertainty quantification is provided by detailed calibration techniques validated using quasi-static and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) ground based testing. The HIL methods introduced use a soft real-time flight simulator to provide inertial quality data for assessing overall system performance. Using this tool, the uncertainty in vehicle state estimation based on a range of sensors, and vehicle operational environments is presented. The propulsion and navigation system models are used to evaluate flight-testing methods for evaluating fixed-wing sUAS performance. A brief airframe analysis is presented to provide a foundation for assessing the efficacy of the flight-test methods. The flight-testing presented in this work is focused on validating the aircraft drag polar, zero-lift drag coefficient, and span efficiency factor. Three methods are detailed and evaluated for estimating these design parameters. Specific focus is placed on the influence of propulsion and navigation system uncertainty on the resulting performance data. Performance estimates are used in conjunction with the propulsion model to estimate the impact sensor and measurement uncertainty on the endurance and range of a fixed-wing sUAS. Endurance and range results for a simplistic power available model are compared to the Reynolds-dependent model presented in this work. Additional parameter sensitivity analysis related to state estimation uncertainties encountered in flight-testing are presented. Results from these analyses indicate that the sub-system models introduced in this work are of first-order importance, on the order of 5-10% change in range and endurance, in assessing the performance of a fixed-wing sUAS.

Development of Synchronously Scanned OPO CARS as a New Probe for Hostile Environments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chen, Peter C.

1998-01-01

During the second year of this project, we have focused on three new developments. The first has been the accidental discovery of a degenerate peak at the 0/cm position in the coherent Raman spectrum that is not due to incoherent Rayleigh scattering. The second is the incorporation of a second OPO to provide additional capability to the instrument. The third is the design of a new system that could perform single-shot CARS using a solid state broad-band OPO, The project continues to focus on student research training at the undergraduate level, and three students have worked on the project through this grant. The outcome of this work has been I publication published during this period, 2 publications submitted (by invitation), and 7 presentations given or invited, During this period, one additional grant was funded.

Relativistic Electron Acceleration with Ultrashort Mid-IR Laser Pulses

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feder, Linus; Woodbury, Daniel; Shumakova, Valentina; Gollner, Claudia; Miao, Bo; Schwartz, Robert; Pugžlys, Audrius; Baltuška, Andrius; Milchberg, Howard

2017-10-01

We report the first results of laser plasma wakefield acceleration driven by ultrashort mid-infrared laser pulses (λ = 3.9 μm , pulsewidth 100 fs, energy <20 mJ, peak power <1 TW), which enables near- and above-critical density interactions with moderate-density gas jets. We present thresholds for electron acceleration based on critical parameters for relativistic self-focusing and target width, as well as trends in the accelerated beam profiles, charge and energy spectra which are supported by 3D particle-in-cell simulations. These results extend earlier work with sub-TW self-modulated laser wakefield acceleration using near IR drivers to the Mid-IR, and enable us to capture time-resolved images of relativistic self-focusing of the laser pulse. This work supported by DOE (DESC0010706TDD, DESC0015516); AFOSR(FA95501310044, FA95501610121); NSF(PHY1535519); DHS.

Working with Toronto neighbourhoods toward developing indicators of community capacity.

PubMed

Jackson, Suzanne F; Cleverly, Shelley; Poland, Blake; Burman, David; Edwards, Richard; Robertson, Ann

2003-12-01

Often the goal of health and social development agencies is to assess communities and work with them to improve community capacity. Particularly for health promoters working in community settings and to ensure consistency in the definition of health promotion, the evaluation of health promotion programmes should be based on strengths and assets, yet existing information for planning and evaluation purposes usually focuses on problems and deficits. A model and definition of community capacity, grounded in community experience and focusing on strengths and assets, was developed following a 4-year, multi-site, qualitative, action research project in four Toronto neighbourhoods. There was significant community involvement in the four Community Advisory Committees, one for each study site. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews and focus groups were conducted with 161 residents and agency workers identified by the Community Advisory Committees. The data were analyzed with the assistance of NUDIST software. Thematic analysis was undertaken in two stages: (i) within each site and (ii) across sites, with the latter serving as the basis for the development of indicators of community capacity. This paper presents a summary of the research, the model and the proposed indicators. The model locates talents and skills of community members in a larger context of socioenvironmental conditions, both inside and outside the community, which can act to enable or constrain the expression of these talents and skills. The significance of the indicators of community capacity proposed in the study is that they focus on identifying and measuring the facilitating and constraining socioenvironmental conditions.

The USL NASA PC R and D interactive presentation development system

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Dominick, Wayne D. (Editor); Moreau, Dennis R.

1984-01-01

The Interactive Presentation Development System (IPFS) is a highly interactive system for creating, editing, and displaying video presentation sequences, e.g., for developing and presenting displays of instructional material similiar to overhead transparency or slide presentations. However, since this system is PC-based, users (instructors) can step through sequences forward or backward, focusing attention to areas of the display with special cursor pointers. Additionally, screen displays may be dynamically modified during the presentation to show assignments or to answer questions, much like a traditional blackboard. This system is now implemented at the University of Southwestern Louisiana for use within the piloting phases of the NASA contract work.

Psychosocial Hazard Analysis in a Heterogeneous Workforce: Determinants of Work Stress in Blue- and White-Collar Workers of the European Steel Industry.

PubMed

Metzler, Yannick Arnold; Bellingrath, Silja

2017-01-01

The European steel industry's workforce is highly heterogeneous and consists of various occupational groups, presumably facing different psychosocial stressors. The few existing studies on the subject mainly focused on physical constraints of blue-collar workers, whereas the supposable psychosocial workload received only little research attention. This is remarkable considering the challenges associated with statutory required risk assessment of psychosocial hazards. Valid measures of hazard analysis must account for various stressors and reliably identify them, also between occupational groups. The present study, based on a sample of blue- and white-collar workers ( N  = 124) from the European steel industry, aims to provide a first insight into psychosocial stressors and strain at work in this rarely researched industrial sector. Furthermore, two well-known theoretical roadmaps in job analysis are examined regarding their utility for risk assessment in heterogeneous workforces: the German standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the short version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the COPSOQ was better suited to predict various strain indices in the present sample. Especially stressors relating to socioemotional aspects, such as work-privacy conflict, revealed a reasonable impact, indicating the need for comprehensive solutions at the organizational level instead of solutions focusing on single workplaces. To conclude, a broadly diversified and validated approach in psychosocial risk assessment is needed to adequately assess the variety of psychosocial factors at work and in different occupational groups.

Focused attention improves working memory: implications for flexible-resource and discrete-capacity models.

PubMed

Souza, Alessandra S; Rerko, Laura; Lin, Hsuan-Yu; Oberauer, Klaus

2014-10-01

Performance in working memory (WM) tasks depends on the capacity for storing objects and on the allocation of attention to these objects. Here, we explored how capacity models need to be augmented to account for the benefit of focusing attention on the target of recall. Participants encoded six colored disks (Experiment 1) or a set of one to eight colored disks (Experiment 2) and were cued to recall the color of a target on a color wheel. In the no-delay condition, the recall-cue was presented after a 1,000-ms retention interval, and participants could report the retrieved color immediately. In the delay condition, the recall-cue was presented at the same time as in the no-delay condition, but the opportunity to report the color was delayed. During this delay, participants could focus attention exclusively on the target. Responses deviated less from the target's color in the delay than in the no-delay condition. Mixture modeling assigned this benefit to a reduction in guessing (Experiments 1 and 2) and transposition errors (Experiment 2). We tested several computational models implementing flexible or discrete capacity allocation, aiming to explain both the effect of set size, reflecting the limited capacity of WM, and the effect of delay, reflecting the role of attention to WM representations. Both models fit the data better when a spatially graded source of transposition error is added to its assumptions. The benefits of focusing attention could be explained by allocating to this object a higher proportion of the capacity to represent color.

The Meaning of Work and Performance-Focused Work Attitudes among Midlevel Managers in the United States and Brazil

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kuchinke, K. Peter; Cornachione, Edgard B., Jr.

2010-01-01

This survey-based study investigated work meaning and performance-focused work attitudes of some 315 midlevel managers in diverse industries in the United States and Brazil to determine similarities, differences, and relationships among absolute and relative meaning of work, work role identification, desired work outcomes, and job satisfaction,…